abstract: Tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity1811 ) inhibition was measured in @entity35 after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) doses of @entity71851 @entity460 , and the correlation between peak inhibition and tissue concentration of the drug was investigated. Five minutes after @entity71851 @entity460 (3 mg/kg i.v. as free acid), @entity1811 in the examined tissues (serum, lungs, kidneys, heart, aorta, adrenals, testes, and brain) showed > 50% inhibition, always associated with measurable amounts of @entity71851 . After 90 min, @entity1811 activity was still inhibited only in serum, lungs, kidneys, and aorta, recovering to basal values by 8 h in all samples but serum. Oral @entity71851 @entity460 (30 mg/kg) produced > 50% peak @entity1811 inhibition in serum, lungs, and kidneys, in which measurable levels of the drug were detected, and in the aorta, where @entity71851 was not detected. Other tissues showed neither marked inhibition nor measurable drug levels. Kinetics of @entity1811 inhibition in affected tissue mirrored those observed after intravenous administration. @entity71851 , despite its hydrophilic nature, is able to reach extravascular tissues and to inhibit local @entity1811 . However, in no tissue did the effect on @entity1811 last longer than in serum and the hypothesis of a peculiar role of tissue RAS in determining the @entity551 activity of @entity71851 @entity460 is not supported in @entity35 .

title: Effects of @entity71851 XXXX on tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme in @entity35 .

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: Tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity1811 ) inhibition was measured in @entity35 after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) doses of @entity71851 @entity460 , and the correlation between peak inhibition and tissue concentration of the drug was investigated. Five minutes after @entity71851 @entity460 (3 mg/kg i.v. as free acid), @entity1811 in the examined tissues (serum, lungs, kidneys, heart, aorta, adrenals, testes, and brain) showed > 50% inhibition, always associated with measurable amounts of @entity71851 . After 90 min, @entity1811 activity was still inhibited only in serum, lungs, kidneys, and aorta, recovering to basal values by 8 h in all samples but serum. Oral @entity71851 @entity460 (30 mg/kg) produced > 50% peak @entity1811 inhibition in serum, lungs, and kidneys, in which measurable levels of the drug were detected, and in the aorta, where @entity71851 was not detected. Other tissues showed neither marked inhibition nor measurable drug levels. Kinetics of @entity1811 inhibition in affected tissue mirrored those observed after intravenous administration. @entity71851 , despite its hydrophilic nature, is able to reach extravascular tissues and to inhibit local @entity1811 . However, in no tissue did the effect on @entity1811 last longer than in serum and the hypothesis of a peculiar role of tissue RAS in determining the @entity551 activity of @entity71851 @entity460 is not supported in @entity35 .

title: Effects of @entity71851 @entity460 on tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity71851 :: ('MESH:C076966', 'Chemical') :: ['idrapril', 'Idrapril']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells and @entity2316 . METHODS: Non-obese @entity6 (NOD) @entity19 were randomly divided into 4 groups and random blood @entity413 at 12, 18, 24 and 30 weeks were detected. Urinary albumin and @entity1011 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in @entity1961 (+)T cells were measured by H3/H4 acetylation kit. The relevant mRNA expression level of histone acetylation modification enzymes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the altered expression genes verified by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with @entity19 from 12 weeks, there were significant increases in blood @entity413 levels and urinary albumin/ @entity1011 ratio (ACR) from 24 and 30 weeks ( @entity413 : (18.1    6.3) and (20.7    7.5) vs (7.2    3.1)mmol/L, ACR: (4.04    1.54) and (8.11    1.77) vs (2.12    0.56)mg/g). Conversely, the global acetylation levels of H3 (0.068    0.023 and 0.043    0.017 vs 0.127    0.036) and H4 (0.058    0.022 and 0.041    0.019 vs 0.082    0.032) in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells from 24 and 30 weeks were obviously lower. The mRNA levels of such histone acetylases as P300 (15.53    6.31 and 13.76    3.62 vs 22.94    7.40) and @entity71852 ( @entity71852 ) (3.21    0.81 and 2.74    0.36 vs 5.31    0.73) declined while the protein and mRNA of @entity35594 ( @entity35594 ) significantly increased from 24 and 30 weeks. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of H3 (r = -0.590, P = 0.043) and H4 (r = -0.702, P = 0.011) were negatively correlated with urinary ACR while @entity35594 level was positively correlated with urinary ACR from 24 and 30 weeks (r = 0.673, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: With aging and progression of @entity8 in NOD @entity19 , the global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 decrease while the expression level of @entity35594 increases in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cell. And altered @entity35594 expression in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells is closely correlated with @entity8 in NOD @entity19 .

title: [Relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells and XXXX of nonobese @entity6 @entity19 ].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'kidney damage']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetic nephropathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells and @entity2316 . METHODS: Non-obese @entity6 (NOD) @entity19 were randomly divided into 4 groups and random blood @entity413 at 12, 18, 24 and 30 weeks were detected. Urinary albumin and @entity1011 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in @entity1961 (+)T cells were measured by H3/H4 acetylation kit. The relevant mRNA expression level of histone acetylation modification enzymes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the altered expression genes verified by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with @entity19 from 12 weeks, there were significant increases in blood @entity413 levels and urinary albumin/ @entity1011 ratio (ACR) from 24 and 30 weeks ( @entity413 : (18.1    6.3) and (20.7    7.5) vs (7.2    3.1)mmol/L, ACR: (4.04    1.54) and (8.11    1.77) vs (2.12    0.56)mg/g). Conversely, the global acetylation levels of H3 (0.068    0.023 and 0.043    0.017 vs 0.127    0.036) and H4 (0.058    0.022 and 0.041    0.019 vs 0.082    0.032) in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells from 24 and 30 weeks were obviously lower. The mRNA levels of such histone acetylases as P300 (15.53    6.31 and 13.76    3.62 vs 22.94    7.40) and @entity71852 ( @entity71852 ) (3.21    0.81 and 2.74    0.36 vs 5.31    0.73) declined while the protein and mRNA of @entity35594 ( @entity35594 ) significantly increased from 24 and 30 weeks. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of H3 (r = -0.590, P = 0.043) and H4 (r = -0.702, P = 0.011) were negatively correlated with urinary ACR while @entity35594 level was positively correlated with urinary ACR from 24 and 30 weeks (r = 0.673, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: With aging and progression of @entity8 in NOD @entity19 , the global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 decrease while the expression level of @entity35594 increases in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cell. And altered @entity35594 expression in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells is closely correlated with @entity8 in NOD @entity19 .

title: [Relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen XXXX (+)T cells and @entity2316 of nonobese @entity6 @entity19 ].

answer: @entity1961 :: (12504(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['CD4']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells and @entity2316 . METHODS: Non-obese @entity6 (NOD) @entity19 were randomly divided into 4 groups and random blood @entity413 at 12, 18, 24 and 30 weeks were detected. Urinary albumin and @entity1011 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in @entity1961 (+)T cells were measured by H3/H4 acetylation kit. The relevant mRNA expression level of histone acetylation modification enzymes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the altered expression genes verified by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with @entity19 from 12 weeks, there were significant increases in blood @entity413 levels and urinary albumin/ @entity1011 ratio (ACR) from 24 and 30 weeks ( @entity413 : (18.1    6.3) and (20.7    7.5) vs (7.2    3.1)mmol/L, ACR: (4.04    1.54) and (8.11    1.77) vs (2.12    0.56)mg/g). Conversely, the global acetylation levels of H3 (0.068    0.023 and 0.043    0.017 vs 0.127    0.036) and H4 (0.058    0.022 and 0.041    0.019 vs 0.082    0.032) in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells from 24 and 30 weeks were obviously lower. The mRNA levels of such histone acetylases as P300 (15.53    6.31 and 13.76    3.62 vs 22.94    7.40) and @entity71852 ( @entity71852 ) (3.21    0.81 and 2.74    0.36 vs 5.31    0.73) declined while the protein and mRNA of @entity35594 ( @entity35594 ) significantly increased from 24 and 30 weeks. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of H3 (r = -0.590, P = 0.043) and H4 (r = -0.702, P = 0.011) were negatively correlated with urinary ACR while @entity35594 level was positively correlated with urinary ACR from 24 and 30 weeks (r = 0.673, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: With aging and progression of @entity8 in NOD @entity19 , the global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 decrease while the expression level of @entity35594 increases in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cell. And altered @entity35594 expression in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells is closely correlated with @entity8 in NOD @entity19 .

title: [Relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells and @entity2316 of nonobese XXXX @entity19 ].

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells and @entity2316 . METHODS: Non-obese @entity6 (NOD) @entity19 were randomly divided into 4 groups and random blood @entity413 at 12, 18, 24 and 30 weeks were detected. Urinary albumin and @entity1011 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in @entity1961 (+)T cells were measured by H3/H4 acetylation kit. The relevant mRNA expression level of histone acetylation modification enzymes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the altered expression genes verified by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with @entity19 from 12 weeks, there were significant increases in blood @entity413 levels and urinary albumin/ @entity1011 ratio (ACR) from 24 and 30 weeks ( @entity413 : (18.1    6.3) and (20.7    7.5) vs (7.2    3.1)mmol/L, ACR: (4.04    1.54) and (8.11    1.77) vs (2.12    0.56)mg/g). Conversely, the global acetylation levels of H3 (0.068    0.023 and 0.043    0.017 vs 0.127    0.036) and H4 (0.058    0.022 and 0.041    0.019 vs 0.082    0.032) in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells from 24 and 30 weeks were obviously lower. The mRNA levels of such histone acetylases as P300 (15.53    6.31 and 13.76    3.62 vs 22.94    7.40) and @entity71852 ( @entity71852 ) (3.21    0.81 and 2.74    0.36 vs 5.31    0.73) declined while the protein and mRNA of @entity35594 ( @entity35594 ) significantly increased from 24 and 30 weeks. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of H3 (r = -0.590, P = 0.043) and H4 (r = -0.702, P = 0.011) were negatively correlated with urinary ACR while @entity35594 level was positively correlated with urinary ACR from 24 and 30 weeks (r = 0.673, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: With aging and progression of @entity8 in NOD @entity19 , the global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 decrease while the expression level of @entity35594 increases in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cell. And altered @entity35594 expression in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells is closely correlated with @entity8 in NOD @entity19 .

title: [Relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity1961 (+)T cells and @entity2316 of nonobese @entity6 XXXX ].

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of miRNA-184 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of @entity1 lens epithelial cells (HLEC) induced by @entity6474 in vitro. METHODS: Experimental study. Recombinant plasmid of pL/IRES/GFP-miR-184 was constructed and used to produce the lentivirus. The lentivirus was used to transduce the HLEC which was in the process of EMT induced by @entity6474 ( @entity6474 ). The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (QRT-PCR) was used to analyze @entity5962 ( @entity5962 ), @entity1970 ( @entity1970 ), @entity2277 ( @entity2277 ) expression at RNA levels during interval of 0h, 6h and 24h after transduction, in comparison with that of control group. Statistical analysis method was single factor variance analysis. RESULTS: The expression level of epithelial marker gene @entity5962 in the miRNA-184 transduced group maintains relatively stable during 24h interval, while it goes down in the control group. The expression level of mesenchymal cell marker gene @entity2277 , @entity1970 in the miRNA-184 transduced group maintain relatively stable, while it goes up in the control group. The results of statistical analysis showed a statistically significant difference between miRNA-184 transduced group and control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: miRNA-184 lentivirus-mediated HLEC can inhibit the occurrence of EMT.

title: [The influence of lentivirus-miRNA-184 on epithelial-mesenchcymal transition of XXXX lens epithelial cells in vitro].

entities_list: @entity1970 :: ('58', 'Gene') :: ['a-SMA', 'a-smooth muscle actin']

entities_list: @entity6474 :: ('7042', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-b2', 'TGF-beta2', 'TGF-b2']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) can regulate the function of immune cells. However, whether and how UC-MSCs can modulate the function of Vy9V  2 T cells has not been fully understood. METHODS: The PBMCs or Vy9V  2 T cells were activated and expanded with @entity5279 ( @entity2975 ) and @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) with or without the presence UC-MSCs. The effects of UC-MSCs on the proliferation, cytokine expression, and @entity137 of Vy9V  2 T cells were determined by flow cytometry. The effects of UC-MSCs on @entity12 , @entity2205 -expressing Vy9V  2 T cells, and Vy9V  2 T cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: UC-MSCs inhibited Vy9V  2 T cell proliferation in a dose-dependent but cell-contact independent manner. Coculture with UC-MSCs reduced the frequency of IFNy+ but increased granzyme B+ Vy9V  2 T cells. UC-MSCs inhibited the @entity137 of Vy9V  2 T cells against influenza virus H1N1 infected A549 cells and also reduced the frequency of @entity12 +, @entity2205 + Vy9V  2 T cells but failed to modulate the apoptosis of Vy9V  2 T cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that UC-MSCs efficiently suppressed the proliferation and @entity137 of Vy9V  2 T cells and modulated their cytokine production. @entity12 and @entity2205 were involved in the regulation. Cell contact and apoptosis of Vy9V  2 T cells were not necessary for the inhibition.

title: XXXX Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit the Function of Allogeneic Activated Vy9V  2 T Lymphocytes In Vitro.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5279 :: ('MESH:C019248', 'Chemical') :: ['pamidronate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unknown which analgesic modality gives better results after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of @entity1342 for local use against that of intravenous @entity10964 in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: A non-inferiority randomized clinical trial. Fifty @entity1 with laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included into two separate groups. INTERVENTION: 0.75 % @entity1342 infiltrated at the trocar insertion sites and in the gallbladder fossa compared with intravenous @entity10964 . MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was @entity158 , which was assessed using the visual analog scale during the first 24 hours. Secondary outcomes were the presence of adverse effects, and the need for analgesic rescue with @entity1340 . RESULTS: The visual analog scale average for @entity158 at the conclusion of the surgery was 3.8 in the @entity1342 vs. 3.56 in the @entity10964 groups, while at 6, 12 and 24 hours the values were 2.64, 1.92 and 1.28, respectively, for @entity1342 versus 2.6, 1.88 and 1.2, respectively, for @entity10964 . No adverse effects were observed in either group, and the two groups exhibited similar needs for analgesic rescue with @entity1340 . CONCLUSIONS: Infiltration of 0.75 % @entity1342 at the trocar insertion sites and the gallbladder exhibits analgesia similar to IV @entity10964 during the first 24 hours post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy without adverse effects.

title: [Locally administered XXXX vs. standard analgesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine']

answer: @entity1342 :: (MESH:C037663,Chemical) :: ['ropivacaine']


abstract: @entity409 tests (LFTs) are often observed in @entity1 with @entity2743 ( @entity2743 ). To date, there are limited data demonstrating the factors or biochemical indexes contributing to @entity854 in this @entity1 population. The aim of this study was to explore factors predicting abnormal LFTs induced by @entity2743 alone. This was a retrospective study of 289 consecutive cases of newly diagnosed and untreated @entity1 with @entity2743 . All @entity1 were divided into abnormal LFTs (group A) and normal LFTs (group B). In total, 205 (70.9%) cases were found to have at least 1 LFT abnormality. Among them, the frequencies of ALT, @entity6571 , @entity3064 , y-GTP, TBIL and DBIL abnormalities were 52.7%, 32.2%, 45.9%, 38.5%, 23.4%, 2.9%, respectively, and the number of @entity1 with 1 to 6 hepatic variable abnormalities were 89, 64, 30, 16, 6 and 0, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictive factors contributing to abnormal LFTs. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was also plotted to verify the accuracy of predictors. In the univariate analysis, @entity1 in group A had significantly higher FT3 concentration (37.5 vs 33.4pmol/L, P=0.009), FT4 concentration (85.7 vs 77.4pmol/L, P=0.002) and TRAb level (22.2 vs 17.4IU/L, P<0.001) when compared with those in group B. Binary logistic regression analysis identified higher FT4 concentration (odds ratio [OR]: 1.017, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.005-1.030, P=0.006) and higher TRAb value (OR: 1.038, 95% CI:1.013-1.064, P=0.003) to be independent risk factors predicting abnormal LFTs. The optimal cutoffs for FT4 and TRAb to predict abnormal LFTs were 75pmol/L and 15IU/L, respectively, based on ROC analysis.

title: Factors predicting XXXX tests induced by @entity2743 alone: a retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease", 'GD']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormal liver function']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['LFT abnormalities']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['abnormal liver function']


abstract: @entity409 tests (LFTs) are often observed in @entity1 with @entity2743 ( @entity2743 ). To date, there are limited data demonstrating the factors or biochemical indexes contributing to @entity854 in this @entity1 population. The aim of this study was to explore factors predicting abnormal LFTs induced by @entity2743 alone. This was a retrospective study of 289 consecutive cases of newly diagnosed and untreated @entity1 with @entity2743 . All @entity1 were divided into abnormal LFTs (group A) and normal LFTs (group B). In total, 205 (70.9%) cases were found to have at least 1 LFT abnormality. Among them, the frequencies of ALT, @entity6571 , @entity3064 , y-GTP, TBIL and DBIL abnormalities were 52.7%, 32.2%, 45.9%, 38.5%, 23.4%, 2.9%, respectively, and the number of @entity1 with 1 to 6 hepatic variable abnormalities were 89, 64, 30, 16, 6 and 0, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictive factors contributing to abnormal LFTs. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was also plotted to verify the accuracy of predictors. In the univariate analysis, @entity1 in group A had significantly higher FT3 concentration (37.5 vs 33.4pmol/L, P=0.009), FT4 concentration (85.7 vs 77.4pmol/L, P=0.002) and TRAb level (22.2 vs 17.4IU/L, P<0.001) when compared with those in group B. Binary logistic regression analysis identified higher FT4 concentration (odds ratio [OR]: 1.017, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.005-1.030, P=0.006) and higher TRAb value (OR: 1.038, 95% CI:1.013-1.064, P=0.003) to be independent risk factors predicting abnormal LFTs. The optimal cutoffs for FT4 and TRAb to predict abnormal LFTs were 75pmol/L and 15IU/L, respectively, based on ROC analysis.

title: Factors predicting @entity409 tests induced by XXXX alone: a retrospective cohort study.

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: @entity7301 is a thymosthenic agent with an extensive hepatic metabolism and long elimination half life in healthy volunteers. It has been used in abstinent chronic @entity988 @entity1 showing an interesting performance in this condition. @entity7301 pharmacokinetics has only been evaluated in single dose healthy volunteer studies and, on the other hand, chronic use of the drug in @entity988 @entity1 during withdrawal period could be anticipated. Therefore, the objective of the present study, is to assess the cumulating kinetics of the @entity750 antagonist during chronic administration. Ten abstinent @entity988 @entity1 were included in an open study. The drug was administered at a daily dose of 10 mg for 28 days and the active phase was preceded by a seven-day wash out period with placebo. Blood samples were taken on the 1st, and 28th, day of treatment, 24 hours after taking the drug. Urine samples were taken during the night before the second and 28th dose. Plasma and urine @entity7301 concentration was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Very large variations in initial and steady state concentrations (CV = 65 and 52% respectively) were found, which is reflected in the large variability of the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters. @entity7301 cumulation factor (R) was 6.9 +/- 8.3 (mean+SEM). Two @entity1 showing extensive accumulation had prolonged elimination half lives (433 and 279 hours) that are explained mostly by an expansion of the volume of distribution and, to a lesser extent, by diminished clearance.

title: XXXX pharmacokinetics in abstinent chronic alcoholics.

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic']

entities_list: @entity7301 :: ('MESH:D016713', 'Chemical') :: ['Ritanserin', 'ritanserin']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity7301 :: (MESH:D016713,Chemical) :: ['Ritanserin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between @entity3986 in the @entity1577 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-six @entity1 with CDHP were retrospectively included over 14  years. Two radiologists searched for MDCT signs of CDHP (cysts and thickened intestinal wall, inflammatory changes), and @entity854 (Santorini duct dilatation, luminal @entity730 of the @entity1829 ). Other @entity660 (parenchymal @entity730 , main @entity384 ) or bile duct dilatation were also analysed. RESULTS: CDHP was mostly located in the second part of the duodenum (71/76, 93.5  %). Median duodenal wall thickness was 20  mm (range 10-46). There were @entity45 in 86  % (65/76, median   =   3), measuring 2-60  mm. No cysts were identified in four @entity1 (5  %). Inflammatory changes were found in 87  % (66/76). @entity854 were found in 37  % (28/76) and @entity730 without @entity730 in the major papilla were only observed in three @entity1 (4  %). @entity788 and main bile duct dilatation were identified in 78  % (59/76) and 38  % (29/76). CONCLUSION: Previously described CT features were seen in most @entity1 with CDHP. However, @entity854 were seen in a minority of @entity1 and, therefore, do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP. KEY POINTS:     Imaging features suggesting a CDHP diagnosis are confirmed in a large series.     @entity854 do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP.     Most @entity1 did not have any isolated @entity854 .

title: Cystic form of @entity788 ( @entity3986 in @entity788 (CDHP)): a potential link with XXXX ? A study in a large series.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormalities of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic duct dilatation']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['cystic dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcifications in the minor papilla', 'calcifications']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Minor papilla abnormalities', 'minor papilla abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['minor papilla']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['multiple cysts']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopic pancreas (CDHP) and minor papilla abnormalities']

answer: @entity854 :: (MESH:D018376,Disease) :: ['minor papilla abnormalities']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between @entity3986 in the @entity1577 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-six @entity1 with CDHP were retrospectively included over 14  years. Two radiologists searched for MDCT signs of CDHP (cysts and thickened intestinal wall, inflammatory changes), and @entity854 (Santorini duct dilatation, luminal @entity730 of the @entity1829 ). Other @entity660 (parenchymal @entity730 , main @entity384 ) or bile duct dilatation were also analysed. RESULTS: CDHP was mostly located in the second part of the duodenum (71/76, 93.5  %). Median duodenal wall thickness was 20  mm (range 10-46). There were @entity45 in 86  % (65/76, median   =   3), measuring 2-60  mm. No cysts were identified in four @entity1 (5  %). Inflammatory changes were found in 87  % (66/76). @entity854 were found in 37  % (28/76) and @entity730 without @entity730 in the major papilla were only observed in three @entity1 (4  %). @entity788 and main bile duct dilatation were identified in 78  % (59/76) and 38  % (29/76). CONCLUSION: Previously described CT features were seen in most @entity1 with CDHP. However, @entity854 were seen in a minority of @entity1 and, therefore, do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP. KEY POINTS:     Imaging features suggesting a CDHP diagnosis are confirmed in a large series.     @entity854 do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP.     Most @entity1 did not have any isolated @entity854 .

title: Cystic form of XXXX ( @entity3986 in @entity788 (CDHP)): a potential link with @entity854 ? A study in a large series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['paraduodenal pancreatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between @entity3986 in the @entity1577 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-six @entity1 with CDHP were retrospectively included over 14  years. Two radiologists searched for MDCT signs of CDHP (cysts and thickened intestinal wall, inflammatory changes), and @entity854 (Santorini duct dilatation, luminal @entity730 of the @entity1829 ). Other @entity660 (parenchymal @entity730 , main @entity384 ) or bile duct dilatation were also analysed. RESULTS: CDHP was mostly located in the second part of the duodenum (71/76, 93.5  %). Median duodenal wall thickness was 20  mm (range 10-46). There were @entity45 in 86  % (65/76, median   =   3), measuring 2-60  mm. No cysts were identified in four @entity1 (5  %). Inflammatory changes were found in 87  % (66/76). @entity854 were found in 37  % (28/76) and @entity730 without @entity730 in the major papilla were only observed in three @entity1 (4  %). @entity788 and main bile duct dilatation were identified in 78  % (59/76) and 38  % (29/76). CONCLUSION: Previously described CT features were seen in most @entity1 with CDHP. However, @entity854 were seen in a minority of @entity1 and, therefore, do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP. KEY POINTS:     Imaging features suggesting a CDHP diagnosis are confirmed in a large series.     @entity854 do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP.     Most @entity1 did not have any isolated @entity854 .

title: Cystic form of @entity788 ( @entity3986 in XXXX (CDHP)): a potential link with @entity854 ? A study in a large series.

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['heterotopic pancreas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between @entity3986 in the @entity1577 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-six @entity1 with CDHP were retrospectively included over 14  years. Two radiologists searched for MDCT signs of CDHP (cysts and thickened intestinal wall, inflammatory changes), and @entity854 (Santorini duct dilatation, luminal @entity730 of the @entity1829 ). Other @entity660 (parenchymal @entity730 , main @entity384 ) or bile duct dilatation were also analysed. RESULTS: CDHP was mostly located in the second part of the duodenum (71/76, 93.5  %). Median duodenal wall thickness was 20  mm (range 10-46). There were @entity45 in 86  % (65/76, median   =   3), measuring 2-60  mm. No cysts were identified in four @entity1 (5  %). Inflammatory changes were found in 87  % (66/76). @entity854 were found in 37  % (28/76) and @entity730 without @entity730 in the major papilla were only observed in three @entity1 (4  %). @entity788 and main bile duct dilatation were identified in 78  % (59/76) and 38  % (29/76). CONCLUSION: Previously described CT features were seen in most @entity1 with CDHP. However, @entity854 were seen in a minority of @entity1 and, therefore, do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP. KEY POINTS:     Imaging features suggesting a CDHP diagnosis are confirmed in a large series.     @entity854 do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP.     Most @entity1 did not have any isolated @entity854 .

title: Cystic form of @entity788 ( XXXX in @entity788 (CDHP)): a potential link with @entity854 ? A study in a large series.

answer: @entity3986 :: (MESH:D009136,Disease) :: ['cystic dystrophy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Life-threatening intracardiac and great vessels thrombi are rare in neonates. Recombinant @entity1456 (rTPA) is used in adults to stimulate fibrinolysis and facilitate @entity715 resolution. Its use in neonates, along with heparin, remains controversial because of potential risk of serious @entity548 . We aim to present our experience with the use of thrombolytic agents in seven neonates and young @entity1 . In a retrospective study, over a period of 6  years, the medical records of neonates and young @entity1 , who were diagnosed with intracardiac and great vessels thrombi, were reviewed. The following factors were collected: demographic data, primary diagnosis, @entity715 site, risk factors, method of diagnosis, thrombolytic and/or anticoagulation agent, route, dose and duration of treatment, complications, and outcome. Six neonates and one 45-day-old @entity1 were analyzed. Age ranged from 5 to 45  days (median age 12  days), and median weight was 2.9  kg (range 0.9-3.8  kg). The thrombi were diagnosed by echocardiography in five and by angiography in two cases. All @entity1 had life-threatening thrombi; four were treated with rTPA (0.5  mg  kg(-1)  h(-1)) and heparin infusions with complete dissolution of the thrombi, within a median time of 60  h (6-72  h), and without complications. The remaining three @entity1 (two who were premature, at 28 and 34  weeks of gestation, and the third who had a deranged coagulation profile) were treated with unfractionated heparin due to fear of @entity548 . The thrombi dissolved in the premature babies (within 2  weeks and 3  months, respectively) but embolized and resulted in the death of the third @entity1 after 2  weeks of treatment. The current case series confirmed the effectiveness and safety of intravenous rTPA infusion, at the dosages used, in neonates and young @entity1 with life-threatening thrombi.

title: Recombinant XXXX in the Treatment of Neonates with Intracardiac and Great Vessels @entity715 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity1456 :: (100128998,Gene) :: ['Tissue Plasminogen Activator']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Life-threatening intracardiac and great vessels thrombi are rare in neonates. Recombinant @entity1456 (rTPA) is used in adults to stimulate fibrinolysis and facilitate @entity715 resolution. Its use in neonates, along with heparin, remains controversial because of potential risk of serious @entity548 . We aim to present our experience with the use of thrombolytic agents in seven neonates and young @entity1 . In a retrospective study, over a period of 6  years, the medical records of neonates and young @entity1 , who were diagnosed with intracardiac and great vessels thrombi, were reviewed. The following factors were collected: demographic data, primary diagnosis, @entity715 site, risk factors, method of diagnosis, thrombolytic and/or anticoagulation agent, route, dose and duration of treatment, complications, and outcome. Six neonates and one 45-day-old @entity1 were analyzed. Age ranged from 5 to 45  days (median age 12  days), and median weight was 2.9  kg (range 0.9-3.8  kg). The thrombi were diagnosed by echocardiography in five and by angiography in two cases. All @entity1 had life-threatening thrombi; four were treated with rTPA (0.5  mg  kg(-1)  h(-1)) and heparin infusions with complete dissolution of the thrombi, within a median time of 60  h (6-72  h), and without complications. The remaining three @entity1 (two who were premature, at 28 and 34  weeks of gestation, and the third who had a deranged coagulation profile) were treated with unfractionated heparin due to fear of @entity548 . The thrombi dissolved in the premature babies (within 2  weeks and 3  months, respectively) but embolized and resulted in the death of the third @entity1 after 2  weeks of treatment. The current case series confirmed the effectiveness and safety of intravenous rTPA infusion, at the dosages used, in neonates and young @entity1 with life-threatening thrombi.

title: Recombinant @entity1456 in the Treatment of Neonates with Intracardiac and Great Vessels XXXX .

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Thrombosis']


abstract: GOALS: To determine the association between functional disability and mortality after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). BACKGROUND: TIPS is a common therapeutic procedure for cirrhotic @entity1 with refractory ascites. The conventional metric for periprocedure risk stratification is the @entity3851 ( @entity3851 ), which uses biochemical parameters to predict post-TIPS mortality. It does not account for functional disability. STUDY: This is a retrospective cohort study of 83 @entity1 admitted at an academic liver transplant center with @entity82 and refractory ascites for the purpose of TIPS placement. We assessed the association of @entity1 ' reported activities of daily living (ADL) on a scale of 1 to 21 before TIPS with a primary outcome of 1-year mortality. Multivariable regression to adjust for @entity3851 and @entity1 class was performed. RESULTS: A higher ADL score or functional independence, was associated with decreased 1-year mortality when modeled as both a continuous variable [odds ratio (OR), 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.66-0.97; P=0.02) and a dichotomous variable (ADL 21 vs. <21; OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.05-0.70; P=0.01). After adjusting for @entity3851 and @entity1 class, functional independence was associated with decreased 1-year transplant-free mortality (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.05-0.77; P=0.02). An ADL score consistent with @entity734 (<21) was significantly associated with a 3.40-day (95% CI, 1.76-5.04) longer hospital stay, adjusting for @entity3851 and @entity1 class (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Functional disability is a predictor of post-TIPS mortality and length of stay after controlling for @entity3851 .

title: A Standardized Assessment of Functional Disability Predicts 1-year Mortality in XXXX Undergoing Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt for Refractory Ascites.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['MELD', 'model for end-stage liver disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Intraoperative sonography was used to evaluate prospectively the renal parenchyma of @entity1 undergoing surgery for presumed @entity8 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One surgeon (F.F.M.) evaluated 100 kidneys using a triple-head sector ultrasonic transducer (5 MHz., 7.5 MHz. and 10 MHz. with duplex Doppler imaging). The size, number, echo texture, location, and relationship of suspected lesions to the collecting system, vasculature and renal capsule were recorded. Real-time Doppler imaging was used to distinguish among renal arteries, renal veins and the collecting system. Sonography was used to delineate the extent of the @entity5 and presence or absence of satellite lesions. All @entity1 were evaluated preoperatively with abdominal computerized tomography. RESULTS: Under ultrasonic guidance partial nephrectomy was done in 40 cases, radical nephrectomy in 56, unroofing of @entity8 in 3 and renal biopsy in 1. Of the @entity1 8 were considered candidates for partial nephrectomy but underwent radical nephrectomy after intraoperative sonography revealed more extensive @entity5 , especially at the renal hilum. Similarly, 3 @entity1 with a suspected @entity5 were spared nephrectomy after intraoperative sonography and frozen section analysis revealed benign multilocular cysts. All surgical margins after sonographic evaluation were negative in @entity1 undergoing partial nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative ultrasound is a useful adjunct for the dynamic evaluation of @entity703 in the surrounding environment of @entity8 , the collecting system and the renal vasculature. It is particularly beneficial in defining preoperative @entity8 and in evaluating extrarenal structures for @entity5 involvement, such as the renal vein, inferior vena cava, adrenal gland and liver. Intraoperative sonography is most useful during partial nephrectomy and may improve @entity5 -free surgical margins. Sonography is routinely used during partial nephrectomy.

title: Intraoperative sonography for the evaluation and management of XXXX : experience with 100 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal neoplasia', 'indeterminate renal lesions', 'renal cysts']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumors']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: Intraoperative sonography was used to evaluate prospectively the renal parenchyma of @entity1 undergoing surgery for presumed @entity8 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One surgeon (F.F.M.) evaluated 100 kidneys using a triple-head sector ultrasonic transducer (5 MHz., 7.5 MHz. and 10 MHz. with duplex Doppler imaging). The size, number, echo texture, location, and relationship of suspected lesions to the collecting system, vasculature and renal capsule were recorded. Real-time Doppler imaging was used to distinguish among renal arteries, renal veins and the collecting system. Sonography was used to delineate the extent of the @entity5 and presence or absence of satellite lesions. All @entity1 were evaluated preoperatively with abdominal computerized tomography. RESULTS: Under ultrasonic guidance partial nephrectomy was done in 40 cases, radical nephrectomy in 56, unroofing of @entity8 in 3 and renal biopsy in 1. Of the @entity1 8 were considered candidates for partial nephrectomy but underwent radical nephrectomy after intraoperative sonography revealed more extensive @entity5 , especially at the renal hilum. Similarly, 3 @entity1 with a suspected @entity5 were spared nephrectomy after intraoperative sonography and frozen section analysis revealed benign multilocular cysts. All surgical margins after sonographic evaluation were negative in @entity1 undergoing partial nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative ultrasound is a useful adjunct for the dynamic evaluation of @entity703 in the surrounding environment of @entity8 , the collecting system and the renal vasculature. It is particularly beneficial in defining preoperative @entity8 and in evaluating extrarenal structures for @entity5 involvement, such as the renal vein, inferior vena cava, adrenal gland and liver. Intraoperative sonography is most useful during partial nephrectomy and may improve @entity5 -free surgical margins. Sonography is routinely used during partial nephrectomy.

title: Intraoperative sonography for the evaluation and management of @entity703 : experience with 100 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: One-third of @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) present as stricturing phenotype characterized by progressive luminal narrowing and obstructive symptoms. The diagnosis and management of these @entity1 have been intriguing and challenging. Immunomodulators and biologics have been successfully used in treating inflammatory and fistulizing @entity30 . There are issues of efficacy and safety of biological agents in treating strictures in @entity30 . Rapid mucosal healing from potent biological agents may predispose @entity1 to the development of new strictures or worsening of existing strictures. On the other hand, strictures constitute one-fifth of the reasons for surgery in @entity1 with @entity30 . Disease recurrence is common at or proximal to the anastomotic site with the majority of these @entity1 developing new @entity75 within 1 year of surgery. The progressive nature of the disease with repetitive cycle of inflammation and stricture formation results in repeated surgery, with a risk of @entity1744 . There is considerable quest for bowel conserving endoscopic and surgical strategies. @entity384 and stricturoplasty have emerged as valid alternatives to resection. @entity384 has been shown to be feasible, safe, and effective for the short primary or anastomotic strictures. However, repeated dilations are often needed, and long-term outcomes of @entity384 remain to be investigated. The introduction of stricturoplasty has added another dimension to bowel saving strategy. Although postoperative recurrence rate after stricturoplasty is comparable with surgical resection, there are concerns for increased risk of @entity5 in preserved bowel. Laparoscopic surgery has widely been performed with similar outcomes to open approach with fewer complications, quicker recovery, better cosmesis, and lower cost. All of these issues should be considered by physicians involved in the management of @entity1 with stricturing @entity30 .

title: Therapeutic Armamentarium for Stricturing XXXX : Medical Versus Endoscopic Versus Surgical Approaches.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic lesions']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['Endoscopic balloon dilation', 'endoscopic balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel syndrome']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidence that lipid lowering prevents @entity301 ( @entity301 ) events in @entity1 . DATA SOURCES: English-language literature assessing the effects of @entity165 lowering with dietary and/or drug interventions as primary or secondary prevention on @entity301 events in @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity301 and total mortality were the primary outcomes assessed. Angiographic regression of @entity453 was a secondary outcome. STUDY SELECTION, DATA EXTRACTION, AND DATA SYNTHESIS: All nine of the identified studies that met the criteria were included. Relative risks for @entity301 and total mortality were calculated from available data. Summary relative risks were calculated using meta-analytic techniques. CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence from primary prevention trials that @entity165 lowering affects total mortality in healthy @entity1 , although the available data are limited. Limited evidence suggests that treatment of @entity1007 in @entity1 with @entity301 may decrease @entity301 mortality. Future research should address the role of dietary and other nondrug treatment of @entity1007 in @entity1 at high risk for @entity301 .

title: Treatment of hyperlipidemia in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary disease', 'coronary heart disease', 'Coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2907 ( @entity2907 ) is a @entity4670 with an associated incidence of @entity85 in over 50% of @entity1 . Although early reports in the literature demonstrated a poor response to casting treatments, recent application of the Ponseti technique in @entity2907 @entity1 have been more promising. METHODS: A retrospective review of all @entity1 with @entity5149 and a concurrent diagnosis of @entity2907 were reviewed at a single institution. @entity1 not managed initially with the Ponseti method were excluded. Data collected included @entity1 age at presentation, sex, unilateral or bilateral, @entity2907 and associated findings, and response to treatment-number of casts and requirement of Achilles tenotomy, @entity1347 . Duration of treatment at latest follow-up visit was noted and outcome was based on clinical foot appearance and plan for any further procedures. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 (7 female and 5 male) with a total of 21 feet (9 bilateral and 3 unilateral) were identified. The average age at presentation was 3 weeks (range, 1 to 9 wk). The average number of casts was 6 (range, 3 to 11). Seventeen of 21 feet (81.0%) underwent percutaneous Achilles tenotomy. The initial correction rate for all @entity1 with the Ponseti technique was 20/21 feet (95.2%) and recurrence was noted in 7/21 feet (33.3%). One @entity1 underwent primary posteromedial release and 2 @entity1 had associated @entity51 . The average follow-up was 3.9 years (range, 9 mo to 10 y) and all but one @entity1 had supple, plantigrade feet. CONCLUSION: The Ponseti technique is an effective first-line treatment in @entity1 who have clubfeet associated with @entity2907 , including those with a @entity51 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.

title: The Effectiveness of the Ponseti Method for Treating Clubfoot Associated With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2907 :: ('MESH:D000652', 'Disease') :: ['Amniotic band syndrome', 'amniotic band location', 'ABS']

entities_list: @entity4670 :: ('MESH:D009358', 'Disease') :: ['congenital disorder']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['tibialis anterior tendon transfer, or other surgical procedures']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit', 'neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['clubfoot deformity']

answer: @entity2907 :: (MESH:D000652,Disease) :: ['Amniotic Band Syndrome']


abstract: Studies on free radical generation during cardiopulmonary bypass have focused mainly on the heart and the lungs. However, low pumping pressure, nonpulsatile perfusion, and @entity2332 affect the entire circulation, resulting in decreased splanchnic blood flow, increased intestinal permeability, and @entity5694 . To evaluate regional phenomena, we studied 16 @entity1 undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Free radical production, granulocyte activation, and @entity3625 metabolism were assessed separately in the circulations drained by the inferior and superior venae cavae, as well as in the oxygenator. Three minutes after the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass, significant gradients between the inferior vena cava and the arterial line of the oxygenator existed in @entity1234 (+0.60 +/- 0.12 mumol/L, lactoferrin (+18.21 +/- 7.65 micrograms/L), @entity3335 (+53.75 +/- 16.50 micrograms/L), @entity3625 (-0.62 +/- 0.15 mumol/L), and urate (+8.87 +/- 4.03 mumol/L). These gradients decreased in parallel with decreasing body temperature. Except for a transient gradient in @entity1234 at 3 minutes after the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass (+0.23 +/- 0.08 mumol/L), no changes were detected between the superior vena cava and the arterial line. In the oxygenator, granulocyte activation was observed only after aortic declamping. We conclude that during cardiopulmonary bypass, significant free radical generation, granulocyte activation, @entity3625 elimination, and urate production take place in the region drained by the inferior vena cava. In the oxygenator, granulocyte activation occurs only after aortic declamping.

title: Regional generation of free oxygen radicals during cardiopulmonary bypass in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity5694 :: ('MESH:D019446', 'Disease') :: ['endotoxemia']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity3625 :: ('MESH:D019271', 'Chemical') :: ['hypoxanthine']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification of @entity131 is extremely difficult and is often missed in the pre-hospital setting. @entity130 triage tool (MTTT) criteria specifies the suspicion of an open or @entity13668 as indicating a @entity130 @entity1 . However, it is often the case that @entity1 with @entity131 recorded on the @entity130 Audit and Research Network (TARN) data with an ISS>15, indicating @entity130 , are not identified by the MTTT. This results in many @entity1 with significant @entity131 being undertriaged and not receiving definitive care as rapidly as possible. Early intervention in @entity1 suffering @entity131 is essential in ensuring the best possible outcome. A retrospective clinical record review is being conducted to establish whether there are clinical or behavioural indicators of @entity131 that could be incorporated into clinical guidance to improve identification. METHOD: The sample consists of 193 @entity1 on the @entity130 database who have sustained a @entity542 between January-March 2014. For each of these incidents the @entity1 clinical record (PCR) has been reviewed to provide data on many different demographic, physiological and behavioural aspects. All data has now been entered ready for analysis. Using the TARN data, @entity1 will be divided into 2 groups. The experimental group will consist of those @entity1 who have significant @entity542 recorded by TARN. The control group will include the @entity1 who have been identified as suspected @entity130 with a @entity542 but have no corresponding injuries recorded on TARN. RESULTS: It is anticipated that at least one demographic, physiological or behavioural aspect will be a reliable indicator of @entity131 . IMPLICATIONS: This retrospective clinical record review could greatly improve the identification of @entity130 @entity1 who have sustained a serious @entity542 . In turn this will mean more @entity1 being appropriately conveyed to the @entity11166 where specialised neurosurgeons are available.

title: Identification of XXXX ( @entity131 ) in the pre-hospital setting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity13668 :: ('MESH:D020204', 'Disease') :: ['depressed skull fracture']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury', 'head injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Major trauma', 'Trauma', 'major trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification of @entity131 is extremely difficult and is often missed in the pre-hospital setting. @entity130 triage tool (MTTT) criteria specifies the suspicion of an open or @entity13668 as indicating a @entity130 @entity1 . However, it is often the case that @entity1 with @entity131 recorded on the @entity130 Audit and Research Network (TARN) data with an ISS>15, indicating @entity130 , are not identified by the MTTT. This results in many @entity1 with significant @entity131 being undertriaged and not receiving definitive care as rapidly as possible. Early intervention in @entity1 suffering @entity131 is essential in ensuring the best possible outcome. A retrospective clinical record review is being conducted to establish whether there are clinical or behavioural indicators of @entity131 that could be incorporated into clinical guidance to improve identification. METHOD: The sample consists of 193 @entity1 on the @entity130 database who have sustained a @entity542 between January-March 2014. For each of these incidents the @entity1 clinical record (PCR) has been reviewed to provide data on many different demographic, physiological and behavioural aspects. All data has now been entered ready for analysis. Using the TARN data, @entity1 will be divided into 2 groups. The experimental group will consist of those @entity1 who have significant @entity542 recorded by TARN. The control group will include the @entity1 who have been identified as suspected @entity130 with a @entity542 but have no corresponding injuries recorded on TARN. RESULTS: It is anticipated that at least one demographic, physiological or behavioural aspect will be a reliable indicator of @entity131 . IMPLICATIONS: This retrospective clinical record review could greatly improve the identification of @entity130 @entity1 who have sustained a serious @entity542 . In turn this will mean more @entity1 being appropriately conveyed to the @entity11166 where specialised neurosurgeons are available.

title: Identification of @entity131 ( XXXX ) in the pre-hospital setting.

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['tbi']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Research into the care of @entity1167 @entity1 outside of hospital is limited. Evidence from hospital settings suggests that @entity1 factors including both technical and non-technical skills and performance may impact on care. This study sought staff views from a UK ambulance service aiming to investigate areas for improvement in resuscitation performance. METHODS: Volunteer ambulance staff responded to an open invitation to complete an anonymous internet-based survey. The survey used a mixture of closed questions, Likert-scaled answers and free text to explore staff views on resuscitation performance. Quantitative responses were presented graphically, and free text answers arranged by theme. RESULTS: 111 staff responded to the survey. The results demonstrated that staff see effective teamwork as desirable in out-of-hospital resuscitation, but that this is not always the case currently. Staff felt more confident about practical skills such as cannulation and chest compression delivery. Difficulties were noted in: poor communication between staff members; inconsistent identification and nomination of leaders; low staff confidence in peri- and post- @entity1167 conversations with relatives; and insufficient staff numbers on scene. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate poor staff confidence in several non-technical skills, including teamwork and communication. Limitations of the survey included lack of recording of training received-where this has shifted in recent years from in-service to higher education routes-and missing demographic data. However, the findings provide specific areas for improvement activity. This has already included best practice slides displayed in ambulance stations, and proposals for identification wristbands, a role-based work standard to reduce task omission and duplication, and a policy to send higher numbers of rescuers to @entity1167 cases.

title: Better together? Ambulance staff views of XXXX factors in resuscitation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The ratio of revascularization to medical therapy (referred to herein as the revascularization ratio) for the initial treatment of stable @entity741 varies considerably across hospitals. We conducted a comprehensive study to identify @entity1 , physician and hospital factors associated with variations in the revascularization ratio across 18 cardiac centres in the province of Ontario. We also explored whether clinical outcomes differed between hospitals with high, medium and low ratios. METHODS: We identified all @entity1 in Ontario who had stable @entity741 documented by index angiography performed between Oct. 1, 2008, and Sept. 30, 2011, at any of the 18 cardiac centres in the province. We classified @entity1 by initial treatment strategy (medical therapy or revascularization). Hospitals were classified into equal tertiles based on their revascularization ratio. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. @entity1 followup was until Dec. 31, 2012. Hierarchical logistic regression models identified predictors of revascularization. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, with a time-varying covariate for actual treatment received, were used to evaluate the impact of the revascularization ratio on clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Variation in revascularization ratios was twofold across the hospitals. @entity1 factors accounted for 67.4% of the variation in revascularization ratios. Physician and hospital factors were not significantly associated with the variation. Significant @entity1 -level predictors of revascularization were history of smoking, multivessel disease, high-risk findings on noninvasive stress testing and more severe symptoms of @entity951 (v. no symptoms). Treatment at hospitals with a high revascularization ratio was associated with increased mortality compared with treatment at hospitals with a low ratio (hazard ratio 1.12, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.21). INTERPRETATION: Most of the variation in revascularization ratios across hospitals was warranted, in that it was driven by @entity1 factors. Nonetheless, the variation was associated with potentially important differences in mortality.

title: Determinants of variations in initial treatment strategies for stable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['ischemic heart disease']


abstract: This article reviews the mechanism, symptoms, causes, severity, diagnosis, prevention and present recommendations for surgical as well as non-surgical management of pressure @entity1066 . Particular focus has been placed on the current understandings and the newer modalities for the treatment of pressure @entity1066 . The paper also covers the role of nutrition and pressure-release devices such as cushions and mattresses as a part of the treatment algorithm for preventing and quick healing process of these wounds. @entity6227 develop primarily from pressure and shear; are progressive in nature and most frequently found in bedridden, chair bound or immobile @entity1 . They often develop in @entity1 who have been hospitalised for a long time generally for a different problem and increase the overall time as well as cost of hospitalisation that have detrimental effects on @entity1 's quality of life. Loss of sensation compounds the problem manifold, and failure of reactive hyperaemia cycle of the pressure prone area remains the most important aetiopathology. @entity6227 are largely preventable in nature, and their management depends on their severity. The available literature about severity of pressure @entity1066 , their classification and medical care protocols have been described in this paper. The present treatment options include various approaches of cleaning the wound, debridement, optimised dressings, role of antibiotics and reconstructive surgery. The newer treatment options such as negative pressure wound therapy, hyperbaric @entity26 therapy, cell therapy have been discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of current and newer methods have also been described.

title: XXXX : Current understanding and newer modalities of treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity6227 :: ('MESH:D003668', 'Disease') :: ['Pressure ulcers']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity6227 :: (MESH:D003668,Disease) :: ['Pressure ulcers']


abstract: To determine whether tissue production of the IGFs is altered when fetal growth is retarded, @entity45338 mRNAs were measured in tissues of fetal @entity742 subjected to placental restriction and the relationships between IGF gene expression, circulating IGF protein and fetal growth were examined. The majority of potential placental attachment sites were surgically removed from the uterus of 12 non-pregnant ewes to restrict placental size in a subsequent pregnancy. Blood and tissues were collected at 121 days of gestation (term = 150) in 12 fetuses with restricted placental size and eight normal fetuses. @entity9418 and @entity9419 mRNA was detected by solution hybridization/ribonuclease protection assay in placenta and all fetal tissues studied. @entity9418 mRNA was most abundant in skeletal muscle and liver and @entity9419 mRNA was highest in kidney and lung. Restriction of placental size reduced fetal weight by 17% and reduced the @entity4095 (18%) and @entity413 concentration (23%) of fetal blood. Placental restriction also reduced @entity9418 mRNA in fetal muscle (P < 0.002), lung (P < 0.05) and kidney (P < 0.01) but had no significant effect on @entity9419 mRNA in any tissue. @entity9418 mRNA in fetal liver, kidney and skeletal muscle correlated positively with the concentration of @entity9418 protein in fetal blood (P < 0.01). There was no relationship between the concentration of @entity9419 protein in fetal blood and @entity9419 mRNA in any fetal tissue examined. The concentration of @entity45339 ( @entity45339 ) in fetal arterial blood plasma measured by RIA correlated positively with fetal weight and with plasma @entity9418 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of restriction of placental growth on expression of IGFs in fetal XXXX : relationship to fetal growth, circulating IGFs and binding proteins.

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The COhorte de @entity1 ART  riopathes (COPART) Risk Score is a risk score assessing the 1 year outcome of @entity1 who received inpatient treatment because of their peripheral @entity432 (PAOD). The COPART Risk Score consists of six variables each of which is allocated a different number of points (age, history of @entity583 , @entity1851 , ankle-brachial index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, medication with antiplatelet agents, @entity6817 and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors). METHODS: 129 consecutive claudicants were included in a prospective trial with an average follow up of 8.8 (   0.7) years. All @entity1 were hospitalized for their first endovascular procedure to the pelvic and/or femoropopliteal arteries. The endpoints were all cause mortality and cardiovascular (CV) @entity204 . The COPART Risk Score was calculated for the three @entity1 cohorts (low risk: 52 @entity1 [40.3%]; medium risk: 41 @entity1 [31.8%]; high risk: 36 @entity1 [27.9%]). RESULTS: During the follow up period 23.1% (n  =  12) of @entity1 in the low risk group, 34.1% (n  =  14) of @entity1 in the medium risk group, and 63.9% (n  =  23) of @entity1 in the high risk group died. CV @entity204 occurred in 11.5% in the low, 22.0% in the medium, and 41.7% in the high risk groups. The three groups differed significantly with regard to all cause and CV mortality (p  <  .0001 and p  =  .001). CONCLUSIONS: The COPART Risk Score is a suitable instrument to predict long-term all cause and CV mortality in claudicants preceding their first peripheral intervention.

title: COPART Risk Score Predicts Long-term Mortality in Peripheral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial occlusive disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['Arterial Occlusive Disease']


abstract: (1) To assess extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and regional systolic function in @entity1 presenting with @entity1563 ( @entity432 ) in areas without significant late @entity2287 enhancement (LGE), and (2) to investigate the correlation between angiography collateral flow and ECV in territories supplied by @entity432 vessels. A total of 50 angiographically documented @entity432 @entity1 and 15 age- and sex-matched normal controls were recruited to the study. Myocardial ECV, was calculated in @entity1188 and the entire @entity1562 respectively. Segmental ECV was calculated from @entity296 within the perfusion territory of a @entity432 vessel. The global and regional systolic function was evaluated using ejection fraction and percent systolic thickening. ECVs in global @entity1562 and global non-infarcted @entity1562 were significantly elevated in comparison with that in controls (29.1    4.2% and 26.6    2.6% vs. 23.3    2.0%, all P < 0.005). Global ECV significantly correlated with LV ejection fraction (r = -0.56, P < 0.001) and ECV inversely correlated with systolic thickening in global non-infarcted @entity1562 (r = -0.31, P < 0.05). The lower segmental ECV was associated with the presence of well-developed collaterals (P = 0.004), and multivariate binary logistic analysis demonstrated that mean segmental ECV and course of disease were the independent discriminator of collateral flow with overall diagnostic accuracy of 74.4%. In @entity1 with @entity432 , ECV is found to be increased beyond that observed with LGE, and correlates with LV regional wall motion abnormality, which appears to reflect diffuse @entity296 . Mean segmental ECV value, combined with course of disease, may serve as good predictors of collateral flow.

title: Extracellular volume fraction in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial segments', 'myocardial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary chronic total occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcted, global non-infarcted']

entities_list: @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['myocardium']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity1563 :: (MESH:D054059,Disease) :: ['coronary chronic total occlusion']


abstract: (1) To assess extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and regional systolic function in @entity1 presenting with @entity1563 ( @entity432 ) in areas without significant late @entity2287 enhancement (LGE), and (2) to investigate the correlation between angiography collateral flow and ECV in territories supplied by @entity432 vessels. A total of 50 angiographically documented @entity432 @entity1 and 15 age- and sex-matched normal controls were recruited to the study. Myocardial ECV, was calculated in @entity1188 and the entire @entity1562 respectively. Segmental ECV was calculated from @entity296 within the perfusion territory of a @entity432 vessel. The global and regional systolic function was evaluated using ejection fraction and percent systolic thickening. ECVs in global @entity1562 and global non-infarcted @entity1562 were significantly elevated in comparison with that in controls (29.1    4.2% and 26.6    2.6% vs. 23.3    2.0%, all P < 0.005). Global ECV significantly correlated with LV ejection fraction (r = -0.56, P < 0.001) and ECV inversely correlated with systolic thickening in global non-infarcted @entity1562 (r = -0.31, P < 0.05). The lower segmental ECV was associated with the presence of well-developed collaterals (P = 0.004), and multivariate binary logistic analysis demonstrated that mean segmental ECV and course of disease were the independent discriminator of collateral flow with overall diagnostic accuracy of 74.4%. In @entity1 with @entity432 , ECV is found to be increased beyond that observed with LGE, and correlates with LV regional wall motion abnormality, which appears to reflect diffuse @entity296 . Mean segmental ECV value, combined with course of disease, may serve as good predictors of collateral flow.

title: Extracellular volume fraction in @entity1563 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The periodontal status and subgingival microflora of @entity2690 -dependent @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity1 (n = 16, mean age = 11.3) were compared with that of their non- @entity6 cohabiting healthy siblings (HS, n = 16, mean age = 13.2). @entity6 @entity1 were monitored every 3 months for levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and clinical and microbial parameters were measured 6 weeks before drawing blood for levels of HbA1c (M% = 8.76). Clinical indices, measured for the entire permanent dentition, included: @entity92 ( @entity92 ), @entity10273 ( @entity10273 ), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), and plaque index (PI). @entity527 samples were obtained at 2 sites from each subject; whenever possible, the site with the deepest @entity92 and the mesial aspect of the maxillary right first molar were used. Microbial analyses were determined by cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. No significant differences were detected in any of the clinical indices for the entire dentition. The mean @entity10273 for @entity6 sites was 2.32 +/- 0.83 mm and for HS sites was 2.2 +/- 0.85 mm. Mean percentage of total cultivable anaerobic microflora included Capnocytophaga spp. ( @entity6 , 13.21%; HS, 11%) and @entity2523 ( @entity6 , 5.1%; HS, 7.9%). Differences between the two groups were not statistically significant. When cluster analysis was performed on sampled sites, one cluster group in @entity6 @entity1 showed significantly elevated @entity2523 and lower Capnocytophaga spp. levels as compared to the overall mean. The clinical parameters of this cluster were characterized by statistically significant greater loss of attachment and @entity92 . These data would suggest few differences between @entity6 @entity1 and their HS in this population.

title: Periodontal status and selected cultivable anaerobic microflora of XXXX -dependent juvenile diabetics.

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['Subgingival plaque']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['JD', 'diabetic', 'juvenile diabetic']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'probing depth']

entities_list: @entity10273 :: ('MESH:D019962', 'Disease') :: ['attachment level', 'AL']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['Porphyromonas gingivalis', 'P. gingivalis']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of neuropsychiatric @entity1 Centred Outcome Measures (PCOMs) in routine @entity1 mental health and paediatric services is very time consuming and often requires multiple scales being completed as no single scale covers all areas of psychopathology. The use of a web-based programme can overcome these problems and contribute to improved use of PCOMs in clinical practice. We aim to develop a web-based scale (using HealthTracker   ) to screen and identify young @entity1 with significant @entity146 to enable early intervention. METHODS: Qualitative development of the Profile of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (PONS) and quantitative evaluation of the psychometric properties of the PONS scale (parent version). Parents of 929 from the general population and 147 with @entity146 (5-18 years old) completed the PONS online. In addition, those @entity1 with @entity146 were assessed for the presence of current and lifetime @entity146 disorders using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA). RESULTS: The PONS scale (parent version) consists of 30 symptom domains rated on a 7-point scale for both frequency and impairment. We found an intra-class correlation coefficient for single measures was 0.44 (0.42-0.46 95 % CI, F   =   22.84, p    <=   0.0001) and for average measures was 0.96 (0.95-0.96 95 % CI, F   =   22.84, p    <=   0.0001). The factor analysis showed a 4-factor model: @entity245 ; Behavioural and Emotional Dysregulation; Psychoses and Personality Dysfunction; and @entity148 and @entity308 . The receiver operating characteristic area for the 4-factors was 0.96 (SE   =   0.006; 0.95-0.97 95 % CI). CONCLUSIONS: The PONS scale (parent version) is a web-based PCOM on the HealthTracker    system that is a rapid, engaging measure that has excellent reliability and validity. The system allows for automated scoring and immediate feedback of statistical cut-off points and assists clinicians with diagnostic decision-making and optimises use of clinician time.

title: Development and psychometric properties of the parent version of the Profile of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (PONS) in XXXX and adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people', 'Patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'neuropsychiatric disorders', 'neuropsychiatric symptoms']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['Neurodevelopmental Disability']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Various point-of-care testing (POCT) urine analysers are commercially available for routine urine analysis in general practice. The present study compares analytical performance, agreement and user-friendliness of six different POCT urine analysers for diagnosing @entity293 in general practice. SETTING: All testing procedures were performed at a diagnostic centre for primary care in the Netherlands. Urine samples were collected at four general practices. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Analytical performance and agreement of the POCT analysers regarding @entity3542 , leucocytes and erythrocytes, with the laboratory reference standard, was the primary outcome measure, and analysed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and Cohen's k coefficient for agreement. Secondary outcome measures were the user-friendliness of the POCT analysers, in addition to other characteristics of the analysers. RESULTS: The following six POCT analysers were evaluated: Uryxxon Relax (Macherey Nagel), Urisys 1100 (Roche), Clinitek Status ( @entity5377 ), Aution 11 (Menarini), Aution Micro (Menarini) and Urilyzer (Analyticon). Analytical performance was good for all analysers. Compared with laboratory reference standards, overall agreement was good, but differed per parameter and per analyser. Concerning the @entity3542 test, the most important test for clinical practice, all but one showed perfect agreement with the laboratory standard. For leucocytes and erythrocytes specificity was high, but sensitivity was considerably lower. Agreement for leucocytes varied between good to very good, and for the erythrocyte test between fair and good. First-time users indicated that the analysers were easy to use. They expected higher productivity and accuracy when using these analysers in daily practice. CONCLUSIONS: The overall performance and user-friendliness of all six commercially available POCT urine analysers was sufficient to justify routine use in suspected @entity293 in general practice.

title: Analytical performance, agreement and user-friendliness of six point-of-care testing urine analysers for XXXX in general practice.

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'urinary tract infections']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infection']


abstract: A key regulator of swarming in @entity5609 is the Rcs phosphorelay, which represses flhDC, encoding the master flagellar regulator FlhD4C2. Mutants in rcsB, the response regulator in the Rcs phosphorelay, hyperswarm on solid agar and differentiate into swarmer cells in liquid, demonstrating that this system also influences the expression of genes central to differentiation. To gain a further understanding of RcsB-regulated genes involved in swarmer cell differentiation, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to examine the RcsB regulon. Among the 133 genes identified, minC and minD, encoding cell division inhibitors, were identified as RcsB-activated genes. A third gene, minE, was shown to be part of an operon with minCD. To examine minCDE regulation, the min promoter was identified by 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5'-RACE), and both transcriptional lacZ fusions and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase (qRT) PCR were used to confirm that the minCDE operon was RcsB activated. Purified RcsB was capable of directly binding the minC promoter region. To determine the role of RcsB-mediated activation of minCDE in swarmer cell differentiation, a polar minC mutation was constructed. This mutant formed minicells during growth in liquid, produced shortened swarmer cells during differentiation, and exhibited @entity1319 . IMPORTANCE: This work describes the regulation and role of the MinCDE cell division system in @entity9700 swarming and swarmer cell elongation. Prior to this study, the mechanisms that inhibit cell division and allow swarmer cell elongation were unknown. In addition, this work outlines for the first time the RcsB regulon in @entity9700 . Taken together, the data presented in this study begin to address how @entity9700 elongates upon contact with a solid surface.

title: Regulation of the Min Cell Division Inhibition Complex by the Rcs Phosphorelay in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5609 :: ('584', 'Species') :: ['Proteus mirabilis']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['decreased swarming motility']

answer: @entity5609 :: (584,Species) :: ['Proteus mirabilis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9465 is an uncommon disease characterized by @entity32 , @entity409 and symptoms of @entity262 . The etiology is unknown, however there is evidence for an autoimmune pathogenesis. The "typical" @entity9465 presents as bilateral @entity16892 . The presence of other inflammatory manifestations in addition of @entity1036 has been termed as "atypical" @entity9465 . @entity1 : We report on six @entity1 presenting with typical as well as atypical ocular manifestations between 1982 and 1994. Typically, the illness was accompanied by systemic symptoms. Each @entity1 had audiovestibular involvement, that was the initial presentation in 4 cases. @entity394 often preceded @entity393 . Five of our @entity1 not only presented with @entity1036 but also demonstrated signs of @entity32 diagnosed as @entity3170 or @entity3170 . In two @entity1 these ocular symptoms were the first signs of @entity9465 , recurred periodically and did not respond to corticosteroids. RESULTS: In 3 @entity1 that were diagnosed early and treatment with @entity288 was initiated early, hearing could be stabilized, in the remaining @entity1 @entity2319 could not be prevented. CONCLUSION: The importance of being aware that @entity409 may occur in @entity1 with @entity32 , and the fact that early immunotherapy may prevent the risk of @entity2319 , has to be emphasized.

title: [ XXXX : too often detected too late? A contribution to early diagnosis of @entity9465 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['ocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity16892 :: ('MESH:C537022', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial keratitis and progressing vestibuloauditory dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['keratitis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['vestibuloauditory dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['total bilateral deafness', 'deafness']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity9465 :: ('MESH:D055952', 'Disease') :: ["Cogan's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity394 :: ('MESH:D015837', 'Disease') :: ['Vestibular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3170 :: ('MESH:D015423', 'Disease') :: ['scleritis', 'episcleritis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity9465 :: (MESH:D055952,Disease) :: ['Cogan I syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9465 is an uncommon disease characterized by @entity32 , @entity409 and symptoms of @entity262 . The etiology is unknown, however there is evidence for an autoimmune pathogenesis. The "typical" @entity9465 presents as bilateral @entity16892 . The presence of other inflammatory manifestations in addition of @entity1036 has been termed as "atypical" @entity9465 . @entity1 : We report on six @entity1 presenting with typical as well as atypical ocular manifestations between 1982 and 1994. Typically, the illness was accompanied by systemic symptoms. Each @entity1 had audiovestibular involvement, that was the initial presentation in 4 cases. @entity394 often preceded @entity393 . Five of our @entity1 not only presented with @entity1036 but also demonstrated signs of @entity32 diagnosed as @entity3170 or @entity3170 . In two @entity1 these ocular symptoms were the first signs of @entity9465 , recurred periodically and did not respond to corticosteroids. RESULTS: In 3 @entity1 that were diagnosed early and treatment with @entity288 was initiated early, hearing could be stabilized, in the remaining @entity1 @entity2319 could not be prevented. CONCLUSION: The importance of being aware that @entity409 may occur in @entity1 with @entity32 , and the fact that early immunotherapy may prevent the risk of @entity2319 , has to be emphasized.

title: [ @entity9465 : too often detected too late? A contribution to early diagnosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity9465 :: (MESH:D055952,Disease) :: ['Cogan I syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic inflammatory response was shown to play an important role in development and progression of many @entity5 types and different inflammation-based indices were used for determining prognosis. We aimed to investigate the prognostic effects of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1149 @entity1 diagnosed in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics were recorded. NLR and PNI was calculated before the application of any treatment. RESULTS: A total of 138 @entity1 were included in the study. @entity1 were divided into two groups according to NLR (<3.24 or >= 3.24) and PNI (<49.5 or >= 49.5). While median overall survival was 37.0 (95% CI 17.5-56.5) months in the group with low NLR, it was calculated as 10.0 (95%CI 5.0-15.0) months in the group with high NLR (p<0.0001). While median overall survival was 7.0 (95%CI 3.5-10.5) months in the group with low PNI, it was calculated as 33.0 (95% CI 15.5-50.4) months in the group with high PNI (p<0.0001). Stage, NLR and PNI levels were evaluated as independent risk factors for overall survival for all @entity1 in multivariate analysis (p<0.0001, p=0.04 and p<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: NLR (>= 3.24) and PNI (<49.5) at diagnosis is an independent marker of poor outcome in @entity1 with @entity1149 . NLR and PNI is an easily measured, reproducible prognostic tests that could be considered in @entity1149 @entity1 .

title: Assessment of Prognostic Value of "Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio" and "Prognostic Nutritional Index" as a Sytemic Inflammatory Marker in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: 1. Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) were recorded under voltage-clamp conditions. Consistent with activation of non- @entity143 -type @entity2227 receptors, the sEPSCs reversed at potentials above 0 mV, were blocked by 1 microM CNQX and prolonged by 2 mM @entity41980 . 2. The peak conductance of the averaged sEPSCs (n = 70-400) was 130 +/- 60 pS (mean +/- S.D.; 17 cells, ranging from 70 to 290 pS). Amplitude distributions were skewed towards larger amplitudes. 3. The decay of individual and mean sEPSCs was exponential with a mean time constant (tau d) of 3.75 +/- 0.84 ms (n = 13), which was voltage independent. The 10-90% rise time of the sEPSCs was 1.30 +/- 0.44 ms (n = 13). There was no correlation between sEPSC rise time and tau d suggesting that dendritic filtering alone did not shape the time course of sEPSCs. 4. Light-evoked EPSCs in these @entity2479 cells are mediated by concomitant activation of @entity143 and non- @entity143 receptors; however, no @entity143 component was discerned in the sEPSCs, even when recording at -96 mV in @entity1025 -free solutions. The decay time course was not altered by 20 microM AP7, an @entity143 antagonist, nor was an @entity143 component unmasked by adding @entity2228 or @entity7343 . These results suggest that @entity143 and non- @entity143 receptors are not coactivated by a single vesicle of transmitter during spontaneous release, and thus are probably not colocalized in the postsynaptic membrane at the sites of spontaneous release. 5. The sEPSCs were an order of magnitude faster than the non- @entity143 receptor-mediated EPSCs evoked by light stimuli, and it is proposed that the EPSC time course is determined largely by the extended time course of release of synaptic vesicles from @entity162 . The quantal content of a light-evoked non- @entity143 receptor-mediated EPSC in an on-off cell is about 200 quanta.

title: Characterization of spontaneous excitatory synaptic currents in salamander XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar cells']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ganglion']

entities_list: @entity41980 :: ('MESH:C036466', 'Chemical') :: ['aniracetam']

answer: @entity2479 :: (MESH:D012173,Disease) :: ['retinal ganglion']


abstract: 1. The effects of hyperosmotic stress on cytosolic @entity460 concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) were studied by ratio image analysis in single cells of an osteoblast-like bone cell line (RCJ 1.20) loaded with @entity593 AM. 2. The ratio (340 nm/380 nm) of steady-state [ @entity141 ]i in resting osteoblasts kept in Hepes-buffered medium was 0.82 +/- 0.04. A hyperosmotic stimulus (200 mosmol l-1 @entity969 ) produced a [ @entity141 ]i transient with a peak ratio of 1.28 +/- 0.09, which decayed with an apparent half-life (t1/2) of 42.7 +/- 2.6 s. 3. The hyperosmotically induced [ @entity141 ]i transients were insensitive to @entity1855 , @entity3988 or @entity594 , which excludes the involvement of @entity7236 -sensitive @entity141 channels in the process. Non-specific @entity141 channel blockers ( @entity3281 , @entity3411 , @entity11329 or @entity15311 ) partially abolished the hyperosmotically induced [ @entity141 ]i elevation, indicating the contribution of extracellular @entity141 influx. 4. A hyperosmotic stimulus applied in @entity141 -free medium (0.5 mM @entity4527 ) lowered the [ @entity141 ]i peak to a ratio of 0.96 +/- 0.08 (P < 0.001) compared with a @entity141 -containing medium. This suggests that the [ @entity141 ]i increase is due to extracellular influx, as well as release from an intracellular @entity141 pool. 5. Application of @entity2426 (0.5 microM), a specific inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum @entity141 -ATPase, in @entity141 -free medium caused transient [ @entity141 ]i elevation to peak ratios of 1.33 +/- 0.09, and completely abolished the [ @entity141 ]i response to a hyperosmotic stimulus. This implies the existence of a @entity2426 -sensitive intracellular pool of @entity141 that is mobilized by hyperosmotic stimulus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Hyperosmotic modulation of the cytosolic XXXX concentration in a rat osteoblast-like cell line.

entities_list: @entity7236 :: ('MESH:C038806', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydropyridine']

entities_list: @entity2426 :: ('MESH:D019284', 'Chemical') :: ['thapsigargin']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: @entity16377 ( @entity16180 ) are a highly consumed class of @entity3088 and their consumption has been linked to beneficial effects in type 2 @entity6 . However, limited gastrointestinal absorption occurs due to the polymeric structure of @entity16180 . We hypothesized that hydrolysis of the @entity16180 polymer would increase bioavailability, thus leading to enhanced beneficial effects on @entity413 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function. @entity16180 -rich @entity3587 seed coats (PSC) were supplemented to a high-fat diet (HFD) either in native ( @entity16180 ) or hydrolyzed (HPAC) form fed to @entity35 for 4 weeks. HFD or low-fat diet groups were controls. @entity16180 -derived compounds were characterized in both PSC and serum. @entity413 and insulin tolerance tests were conducted. Pancreatic a-cell and b-cell areas and @entity413 -stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from isolated islets were measured. Increased @entity16180 -derived metabolites were detected in the serum of HPAC-fed @entity35 compared to @entity16180 -fed @entity35 , suggesting hydrolysis of PSC-enhanced @entity16180 bioavailability. This was associated with ~18% less (P<.05) @entity1017 compared to HFD without affecting food intake, as well as improvement in @entity413 disposal in vivo. There was a 2-fold decrease of a/b-cell area ratio and a 2.5-fold increase in GSIS from isolated islets of HPAC-fed @entity35 . These results demonstrate that hydrolysis of PSC-derived @entity16180 increased the bioavailability of @entity16180 -derived products, which is critical for enhancing beneficial effects on @entity413 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function.

title: Hydrolysis enhances bioavailability of proanthocyanidin-derived metabolites and improves b-cell function in XXXX intolerant @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity16377 :: ('MESH:D044945', 'Chemical') :: ['Proanthocyanidins']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3088 :: ('MESH:D005419', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoids']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: @entity16377 ( @entity16180 ) are a highly consumed class of @entity3088 and their consumption has been linked to beneficial effects in type 2 @entity6 . However, limited gastrointestinal absorption occurs due to the polymeric structure of @entity16180 . We hypothesized that hydrolysis of the @entity16180 polymer would increase bioavailability, thus leading to enhanced beneficial effects on @entity413 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function. @entity16180 -rich @entity3587 seed coats (PSC) were supplemented to a high-fat diet (HFD) either in native ( @entity16180 ) or hydrolyzed (HPAC) form fed to @entity35 for 4 weeks. HFD or low-fat diet groups were controls. @entity16180 -derived compounds were characterized in both PSC and serum. @entity413 and insulin tolerance tests were conducted. Pancreatic a-cell and b-cell areas and @entity413 -stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from isolated islets were measured. Increased @entity16180 -derived metabolites were detected in the serum of HPAC-fed @entity35 compared to @entity16180 -fed @entity35 , suggesting hydrolysis of PSC-enhanced @entity16180 bioavailability. This was associated with ~18% less (P<.05) @entity1017 compared to HFD without affecting food intake, as well as improvement in @entity413 disposal in vivo. There was a 2-fold decrease of a/b-cell area ratio and a 2.5-fold increase in GSIS from isolated islets of HPAC-fed @entity35 . These results demonstrate that hydrolysis of PSC-derived @entity16180 increased the bioavailability of @entity16180 -derived products, which is critical for enhancing beneficial effects on @entity413 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function.

title: Hydrolysis enhances bioavailability of proanthocyanidin-derived metabolites and improves b-cell function in @entity413 intolerant XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']