abstract: The survival and the remission length of a group of 122 adult @entity1 with @entity706 have been studied: 45 Hodgkin (HG) and 77 @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). The difference between the survival medians of the two groups turned out statistically significant (74.5 for HG cases and 43 for @entity1893 ). Non significant survival differences were detected among HG with "favourable" and those with "non-favourable" histology. Determinant for the survival was the obtention of the complete remission both in HG and in @entity1893 . As far as the treatment is concerned in relation to the stage, HG were broken down into three groups: radiotherapy alone, chemo + radiotherapy, chemotherapy only. The highest percentage of complete remissions (RC) was obtained in the group chemo + radiotherapy (100% of the treated) versus 80% on the group with the only radiotherapy and 53.3% of that with the only chemotherapy. The median length of the RC was, however, higher in the @entity1 treated with chemotherapy alone. After relapse a new RC easily obtained with chemotherapeutic treatment in the @entity1 treated with only radiotherapy in comparison with those already submitted to chemotherapy. As far as @entity1893 is concerned, they were broken down according to the main histotype in lymphocytic and histiocytic. The groups, according to the treatment turned out two: radiotherapy plus chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone. The difference between the survival medians turned out highly statistically significant (43 and 36 cases respectively). Also statistically significant, but in favor of th histiocytic cases, the percentage of the @entity1 who maintained the CR (27 cases the lymphocytic versus 60 for the histiocytic) this in agreement with the literature data, according to which, even being the histotypes with the most unfavourable prognosis, the histiocytic, once attained the CR, tend to maintain the same, more longer in time, in comparison with the forms with favourable histology. The chemotherapeutic combinations employed by us are subsequently outlined extensively.

title: [Length of remission and survival in a group of XXXX with @entity706 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: From January 1961 to June 1978, 417 @entity1 with @entity5 were submitted to lymphangiography as part of the initial diagnostic work-up. As regards the distribution by clinical stage of the cases under consideration, there were 187 cases in Stage Ib (44.8%) 99 in Stage II (23.7%) and 131 in Stage III plus IV (31.5%). For the early stages preference was given to a radical surgery plus pre- or postoperative radiotherapy combination (154/417 @entity1 , or 36.9%). On the contrary, the cases which were more developed locally or which presented contra-indications to surgery received radiological treatment alone (263/417 cases, or 63.1%). The overall incidence of positive examinations was 29.9% (10.7% in Stage Ib; 28.3% in Stage II; 58.7% in Stage III and 60.0% in Stage IV). The histologic type on its own did not seem to influence the incidence of lymph node @entity3 detectable by lymphography. In the 145 @entity1 who had surgical exploration, the overall diagnostic accuracy of lymphography was 82.8% with 3 false positive and 22 false negative reports. The para-aortic chains were involved in 28/417 @entity1 (6.7%). For the negative cases, with all the stages mixed together, a 74.7% 5-year survival rate free of disease was recorded, as compared with the 34.5% found for the positive cases (P less than 0.0001). Similar differences was recorded stage by stage.

title: [Clinical value of lymphography in XXXX (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: @entity4008 is still an important topic for the infectious diseases specialist, due to it's high incidence, severity and it's high mortality rate. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We retrospectively studied 679 @entity1 diagnosed with community acquired @entity4008 in the Infectious Diseases Hospital Ia  i, Romania between 1998 and 2007. RESULTS: The annual number of admissions slightly decreased in the last years. Most @entity1 were males (62.1%). Predisposing factors were present in 34.9% of cases. @entity410 were described in 19.6% of cases, more frequent in @entity1 . The CSF was purulent only in 69.4% of @entity1 , 29.6% of them receiving antibiotics prior to admission; the albumin level in the CSF of @entity2506 was higher than in other @entity693 . The etiology was established in 51.6% of cases, more frequent in sucklings (68.1%). @entity3631 was the most common cause of community acquired @entity4008 (CABM) (28.5%) followed by @entity2260 (14%). @entity2260 was susceptible to @entity114 in 79% of cases. The mean mortality rate was 13.1%. CONCLUSION: Factors associated with a poor prognosis were: pneumococcal etiology, age over 60, and the presence of @entity410 or @entity772 at admission.

title: [Community acquired XXXX --a 10 year review].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['Seizures', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis', 'Bacterial meningitis', 'acute bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity2506 :: ('MESH:D008586', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal meningitis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3631 :: ('487', 'Species') :: ['N. meningitidis']

answer: @entity4008 :: (MESH:D016920,Disease) :: ['acute bacterial meningitis']


abstract: Urinary tract injuries are rare lesions and account for about 3%, of all injuries and 10% of @entity3511 . The aim of this study is to review retrospectively a series of @entity1 with urinary tract injuries treated in a general surgery clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A series of 41 consecutive @entity1 with urinary tract @entity130 who hospitalized in Surgery Clinic of "St. John" Hospital of Ia  i during a 7 years period (January 2002 - December 2008). The main analyzed variable was age, mechanism of injury, anatomical site of injury, associated injuries, and methods of treatment, morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Urinary tract injuries accounted for 3.2% of all @entity3511 . Adults males were more affected with 90.2% of cases. Traffic road accident and falls represented over 50% of cases. @entity8 were present in 73.7% of cases, and associated lesions were present in all cases. Conservative treatment was applied for 24 @entity1 (58.5%), nephrectomy (total or partial) was performed in 9 cases, suture of the urethra 1 case, suture of the urinary bladder 5 cases and cystostomy in 3 cases. Conservative treatment failed in 24 cases (58.5%), @entity1494 were present in 8 @entity1 (19.5%) and one @entity1 died due to associated lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary tract injuries are rarely encountered in @entity130 settings, to a high index of suspicion is necessary to establish the diagnosis. @entity8 is the most fervently lesions and conservative treatment represent feasible solution for these.

title: [Urinary tract XXXX : anatomo-lesional, etiological and clinical considerations].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal trauma']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['urinary complications']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Clinical parameters such as probing depth and @entity548 on probing are commonly used for monitoring after periodontal treatment. However, these parameters have poor prognostic utility. The biomarker calprotectin is used to monitor conditions such as @entity29 because of its ability to predict disease activity. Levels of calprotectin in gingival crevicular fluid correlate with @entity2520 severity and treatment outcome. The validity of calprotectin as predictor for future @entity2520 activity has not yet been investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-six subjects with generalized aggressive @entity2521 were treated with scaling and root planing (SRP), and with adjunctive antimicrobial medications. Probing depth, clinical attachment level and @entity548 on probing were assessed at baseline, and 3 and 6mo after SRP. A gingival crevicular fluid sample was collected from the initially deepest site in each @entity1 3mo after SRP and analysed for calprotectin levels. Activity was defined as a probing depth increase of >0.5mm between 3 and 6mo at the sample site. The ability of individual parameters to predict activity was analysed by construction of receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS: Nine active sites were identified. Clinical attachment level, probing depth, @entity548 on probing and gingival crevicular fluid volume showed no predictive utility [area under the curve (AUC) <0.6, p>0.05]. However, calprotectin concentration (AUC=0.793, p=0.01) and the total amount/sample of calprotectin (AUC=0.776, p=0.02) significantly predicted activity. @entity1 with calprotectin levels above calculated cut-off values had significantly more active sites than @entity1 with negative results. CONCLUSION: Calprotectin levels were predictors of disease activity at both site and subject levels. The calculated cut-off values provide a dichotomous basis for prospective evaluation of calprotectin as a diagnostic marker for monitoring periodontal treatment.

title: Calprotectin levels in gingival crevicular fluid predict disease activity in @entity1 treated for generalized aggressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

answer: @entity2521 :: (MESH:D010518,Disease) :: ['periodontitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Clinical parameters such as probing depth and @entity548 on probing are commonly used for monitoring after periodontal treatment. However, these parameters have poor prognostic utility. The biomarker calprotectin is used to monitor conditions such as @entity29 because of its ability to predict disease activity. Levels of calprotectin in gingival crevicular fluid correlate with @entity2520 severity and treatment outcome. The validity of calprotectin as predictor for future @entity2520 activity has not yet been investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-six subjects with generalized aggressive @entity2521 were treated with scaling and root planing (SRP), and with adjunctive antimicrobial medications. Probing depth, clinical attachment level and @entity548 on probing were assessed at baseline, and 3 and 6mo after SRP. A gingival crevicular fluid sample was collected from the initially deepest site in each @entity1 3mo after SRP and analysed for calprotectin levels. Activity was defined as a probing depth increase of >0.5mm between 3 and 6mo at the sample site. The ability of individual parameters to predict activity was analysed by construction of receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS: Nine active sites were identified. Clinical attachment level, probing depth, @entity548 on probing and gingival crevicular fluid volume showed no predictive utility [area under the curve (AUC) <0.6, p>0.05]. However, calprotectin concentration (AUC=0.793, p=0.01) and the total amount/sample of calprotectin (AUC=0.776, p=0.02) significantly predicted activity. @entity1 with calprotectin levels above calculated cut-off values had significantly more active sites than @entity1 with negative results. CONCLUSION: Calprotectin levels were predictors of disease activity at both site and subject levels. The calculated cut-off values provide a dichotomous basis for prospective evaluation of calprotectin as a diagnostic marker for monitoring periodontal treatment.

title: Calprotectin levels in gingival crevicular fluid predict disease activity in XXXX treated for generalized aggressive @entity2521 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity546 is common as an emergency and should be accurately diagnosed and treated. We analysed 22 @entity1 with @entity546 admitted to the emergency unit of Dubrava University Hospital during a 4-year period. According to the American Association for the Surgery of @entity130 five-grade classification of @entity546 , there were 14 grade I, 6 grade II and 2 grade III cases. Diagnosis was mainly based on clinical and ultrasonography findings, and in some cases on cavernosography. Nineteen @entity1 underwent immediate surgery and three @entity1 received conservative therapy. On outpatient follow up, sexual function was assessed by use of the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) test at 3 and 12 months of injury. At 3-month follow up, moderate, mild and no @entity323 was recorded in 5, 6 and 11 @entity1 respectively (mean IIEF-5: 19.62). At 12-month follow up, mild @entity323 was found in only one @entity1 (IIEF-5: 20), whereas all other @entity1 were free from @entity323 (mean IIEF-5: 23.75). The 12-month follow up yielded a higher statistical difference (P < 0.001) when compared with 3-month follow up. Study results indicated that appropriate treatment of @entity546 resulted in complete recovery of sexual function within 12 months.

title: XXXX and effect on male sexual function.

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['Penile injury', 'penile injury', 'penile injuries']

answer: @entity546 :: (MESH:D004414,Disease) :: ['Penile injury']


abstract: Histopathological studies were carried out to determine whether or not an immunological reaction was involved in the treatment of @entity2622 . The following conclusions could be drawn from them. (1) A low-dose irradiation on the primary @entity5 -nest intensified the interstitial reaction. (2) When @entity57433 was administered after low-dose irradiation, the interstitial reaction was intensified more remarkably than with irradiation alone. Moreover, it was possible for @entity57433 administration to restore the responsiveness of lymph nodes which had been inhibited by the irradiation. (3) Some of the observed morphological changes suggested the local occurrence of an immunological reaction. The following findings could be pointed out: (a) In the @entity75 of the uterine cervix, exudative cells consisting mainly of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages formed a barrier-like layer surrounding the @entity5 -nest. @entity738 accompanied by @entity5744 cells were formed in the interstitial tissue. Moreover, lymphoid tissues with a germinal center were formed. (b) In lymph nodes of the region involved, responsiveness was enhanced in the paracortical area, or a germinal center formed with its responsiveness enhanced. (4) There was a correlation between the degree of interstitial reaction of the @entity75 and the survival results of a follow-up survey. There was also a correlation between the degree of enlargement of lymph nodes and the survival results of this survey.

title: A histological study on immune reaction of advanced uterine XXXX with regard to the effect of a low-dose irradiation and @entity57433 .

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['Granuloma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5744 :: ('MESH:D005547', 'Disease') :: ['foreign-body type giant']

answer: @entity2622 :: (MESH:D002583,Disease) :: ['cervical carcinoma']


abstract: Histopathological studies were carried out to determine whether or not an immunological reaction was involved in the treatment of @entity2622 . The following conclusions could be drawn from them. (1) A low-dose irradiation on the primary @entity5 -nest intensified the interstitial reaction. (2) When @entity57433 was administered after low-dose irradiation, the interstitial reaction was intensified more remarkably than with irradiation alone. Moreover, it was possible for @entity57433 administration to restore the responsiveness of lymph nodes which had been inhibited by the irradiation. (3) Some of the observed morphological changes suggested the local occurrence of an immunological reaction. The following findings could be pointed out: (a) In the @entity75 of the uterine cervix, exudative cells consisting mainly of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages formed a barrier-like layer surrounding the @entity5 -nest. @entity738 accompanied by @entity5744 cells were formed in the interstitial tissue. Moreover, lymphoid tissues with a germinal center were formed. (b) In lymph nodes of the region involved, responsiveness was enhanced in the paracortical area, or a germinal center formed with its responsiveness enhanced. (4) There was a correlation between the degree of interstitial reaction of the @entity75 and the survival results of a follow-up survey. There was also a correlation between the degree of enlargement of lymph nodes and the survival results of this survey.

title: A histological study on immune reaction of advanced uterine @entity2622 with regard to the effect of a low-dose irradiation and XXXX .

answer: @entity57433 :: (9344,Gene) :: ['PS-K']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Publically available health Web sites may be able to provide support for teens with @entity102 in their transition to autonomy. This study examines teen use of health Web sites and identifies barriers and promoters of use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred eighty (n=180) teens, aged 13-18, were recruited from @entity565 and @entity6 specialty clinics and given a resource sheet listing selected publically available Web sites. Web sites were categorized as general health, teen health, disease specific ( @entity565 or @entity6 ), and disease management. One hundred twenty-nine (n=129) @entity1 completed a 3-month follow-up semistructured telephone interview that assessed subsequent use of resource sheet Web sites and collected verbatim comments regarding use. RESULTS: Sixty percent visited at least one Web site from the resource sheet. General health (38.8%) and teen health Web sites (38.0%) were most likely to be visited. Reasons for not visiting any site were categorized as lack of time, lack of interest, lack of Internet access, and lack of medical need. Teen health sites had the highest intention for continued use. Comments associated with willingness to continue use were categorized into the following themes: usefulness, ease, medical need, teen-specific features, and frequency of updates. Neither health literacy nor demographic factors were significantly associated with use. CONCLUSIONS: Making a first Web site visit generally leads to a desire for continued use, but teens will not make the first effort of visiting a Web site unless they are engaged and interested in their own health management. Teens are most willing to become regular users of Web sites that they perceive to be useful and to be targeted toward them.

title: What makes teens start using and keep using health information web sites? A mixed model analysis of teens with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic illnesses']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate middle-term clinical results of @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) to treat @entity432 ( @entity432 ). Between 2002 and 2007, 28 consecutive @entity1 received robot-assisted laparoscopic aortobifemoral bypass grafting (n = 24) or aortoiliac endarterectomy (n = 4). @entity1 were followed prospectively. @entity1104 could be completed successfully in 24 @entity1 ; conversion to open surgery was necessary in four @entity1 (14%). Median operative time was 350 min. Median aortic clamping time was 70 min. Median hospital stay was five days. One @entity1 died within 30 days. Non-lethal complications occurred in four @entity1 (14%). Clinical symptoms improved in all @entity1 . Primary and secondary limb-based patencies at 36 months were 89% and 91%, respectively. In conclusion, @entity1104 is a feasible and durable technique for @entity1 with @entity432 . Although operative times are long, @entity1104 allows rapid postoperative recovery.

title: Mid-term results of @entity1104 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['AIOD', 'aortoiliac occlusive disease']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['RALS', 'robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['aortoiliac occlusive disease']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate middle-term clinical results of @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) to treat @entity432 ( @entity432 ). Between 2002 and 2007, 28 consecutive @entity1 received robot-assisted laparoscopic aortobifemoral bypass grafting (n = 24) or aortoiliac endarterectomy (n = 4). @entity1 were followed prospectively. @entity1104 could be completed successfully in 24 @entity1 ; conversion to open surgery was necessary in four @entity1 (14%). Median operative time was 350 min. Median aortic clamping time was 70 min. Median hospital stay was five days. One @entity1 died within 30 days. Non-lethal complications occurred in four @entity1 (14%). Clinical symptoms improved in all @entity1 . Primary and secondary limb-based patencies at 36 months were 89% and 91%, respectively. In conclusion, @entity1104 is a feasible and durable technique for @entity1 with @entity432 . Although operative times are long, @entity1104 allows rapid postoperative recovery.

title: Mid-term results of XXXX for @entity432 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity1104 :: (MESH:D000267,Disease) :: ['robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity579 is one of the few crops able to withstand periods of partial or even complete submergence. One of the adaptive traits of @entity579 is the constitutive presence and further development of aerenchyma which enables @entity26 to be transported to submerged organs. The development of lysigenous aerenchyma is promoted by @entity1786 accumulating within the submerged plant tissues, although other signalling mechanisms may also co-exist. In this study, aerenchyma development was analysed in two @entity579 ( @entity579 ) varieties, 'FR13A' and 'Arborio Precoce', which show opposite traits in flooding response in terms of internode elongation and survival. METHODS: The growth and survival of @entity579 varieties under submergence was investigated in the leaf sheath of 'FR13A' and 'Arborio Precoce'. The possible involvement of @entity1786 and reactive @entity26 species (ROS) was evaluated in relation to aerenchyma formation. Cell viability and DNA fragmentation were determined by FDA/FM4-64 staining and TUNEL assay, respectively. @entity1786 production was monitored by gas chromatography and by analysing ACO gene expression. ROS production was measured by using Amplex Red assay kit and the fluorescent dye DCFH(2)-DA. The expression of APX1 was also evaluated. AVG and DPI solutions were used to test the effect of inhibiting @entity1786 biosynthesis and ROS production, respectively. KEY RESULTS: Both the varieties displayed constitutive lysigenous aerenchyma formation, which was further enhanced when submerged. 'Arborio Precoce', which is characterized by fast elongation when submerged, showed active @entity1786 biosynthetic machinery associated with increased aerenchymatous areas. 'FR13A', which harbours the Sub1A gene that limits growth during @entity26 deprivation, did not show any increase in @entity1786 production after submersion but still displayed @entity101 . @entity273 levels increased in 'FR13A' but not in 'Arborio Precoce'. CONCLUSIONS: While @entity1786 controls aerenchyma formation in the fast-elongating 'Arborio Precoce' variety, in 'FR13A' ROS accumulation plays an important role.

title: Distinct mechanisms for aerenchyma formation in leaf sheaths of XXXX genotypes displaying a quiescence or escape strategy for flooding tolerance.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increased aerenchyma']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity579 :: ('4530', 'Species') :: ['Oryza sativa', 'Rice', 'rice']

entities_list: @entity1786 :: ('MESH:C036216', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylene', 'Ethylene']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Influence of sacral nerve modulation (SNM) on cerebral somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) was determined in @entity1 with @entity322 and @entity1142 . BACKGROUND: Selection of @entity1 with @entity322 and @entity1142 for SNM could be improved. METHODS: The latency (ms) of SEP induced by pudendal nerve stimulation was compared before (T0) and at 1 month during peripheral nerve evaluation (PNE) of SNM at frequencies of 21 Hz (T1) and 40 Hz (T2). The results were correlated with clinical outcome at 6 months. RESULTS: In 16 of 23 incontinent @entity1 with clinical "success" from SNM (Wexner @entity322 score  <=7), there was a significant difference between @entity4666 latency at T0 and T2 (38.81 vs. 37.49 ms, P = 0.049). In the 7 with "failure," there was no change between T0 and T2. In 12 of 19 @entity1142 @entity1 with "success" (Wexner @entity1142 score  <=15), there was no difference between T0 and T2 @entity4666 latency (39.28 vs. 38.25 ms, P = 0.374). In the 7 with "failure," there was a significant fall in @entity4666 latency (41.20 vs. 39.30 ms, P = 0.047) but not to the normal range. The T0 @entity4666 latency in incontinent @entity1 having "success" was significantly higher than in the normal range (P = 0.044). In @entity1142 @entity1 it was significantly higher than in the normal range in both those with "success" (P = 0.001) and "failure" (P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of @entity4666 latency of SEP at baseline and at 1 month of SNM at a frequency of 40 Hz may help to predict the outcome of SNM and thus influence the decision for permanent implantation for @entity1 with @entity322 and @entity1142 .

title: The effect of sacral nerve modulation on cerebral evoked potential latency in fecal @entity322 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipated', 'constipation']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

answer: @entity1142 :: (MESH:D003248,Disease) :: ['constipation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Influence of sacral nerve modulation (SNM) on cerebral somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) was determined in @entity1 with @entity322 and @entity1142 . BACKGROUND: Selection of @entity1 with @entity322 and @entity1142 for SNM could be improved. METHODS: The latency (ms) of SEP induced by pudendal nerve stimulation was compared before (T0) and at 1 month during peripheral nerve evaluation (PNE) of SNM at frequencies of 21 Hz (T1) and 40 Hz (T2). The results were correlated with clinical outcome at 6 months. RESULTS: In 16 of 23 incontinent @entity1 with clinical "success" from SNM (Wexner @entity322 score  <=7), there was a significant difference between @entity4666 latency at T0 and T2 (38.81 vs. 37.49 ms, P = 0.049). In the 7 with "failure," there was no change between T0 and T2. In 12 of 19 @entity1142 @entity1 with "success" (Wexner @entity1142 score  <=15), there was no difference between T0 and T2 @entity4666 latency (39.28 vs. 38.25 ms, P = 0.374). In the 7 with "failure," there was a significant fall in @entity4666 latency (41.20 vs. 39.30 ms, P = 0.047) but not to the normal range. The T0 @entity4666 latency in incontinent @entity1 having "success" was significantly higher than in the normal range (P = 0.044). In @entity1142 @entity1 it was significantly higher than in the normal range in both those with "success" (P = 0.001) and "failure" (P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of @entity4666 latency of SEP at baseline and at 1 month of SNM at a frequency of 40 Hz may help to predict the outcome of SNM and thus influence the decision for permanent implantation for @entity1 with @entity322 and @entity1142 .

title: The effect of sacral nerve modulation on cerebral evoked potential latency in fecal XXXX and @entity1142 .

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3316 , a decrease in tidal volume without a change in respiratory rate, is not easily detected by standard monitoring practices during sedation but can be detected by capnography. Our goal was to determine the frequency of @entity3316 and its association with @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 . METHODS: @entity1 who received intravenous @entity3652 with or without @entity1363 for sedation in a pediatric emergency department were prospectively enrolled. Heart rate, respiratory rate, pulse oximetry, and end-tidal @entity544 (ET( @entity515 )) levels were recorded every 30 seconds. RESULTS: Fifty-eight subjects were included in this study. Fifty percent of subjects had recorded ET( @entity515 ) values less than 30 mm Hg without a rise in respiratory rate. Twenty-eight percent of subjects experienced a decrease in pulse oximetry less than 95%. @entity1 who experienced a persistent decrease in ET( @entity515 ) at least 30 seconds in length were much more likely to have a persistent decrease in pulse oximetry than those with normal or transient decreases in ET( @entity515 ) (relative risk, 6.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-30.5). Decreases in ET( @entity515 ) occurred on an average of 3.7 minutes before decreases in pulse oximetry. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3316 as detected by capnography is common in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 with or without @entity1363 . @entity519 is frequently preceded by low ET( @entity515 ) levels. Further studies are needed to determine if the addition of routine monitoring with capnography can reduce the frequency of @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation.

title: Detection of @entity3316 by capnography and its association with XXXX in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoxia', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity3316 :: ('MESH:D007040', 'Disease') :: ['Hypopneic hypoventilation', 'hypopneic hypoventilation']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3316 , a decrease in tidal volume without a change in respiratory rate, is not easily detected by standard monitoring practices during sedation but can be detected by capnography. Our goal was to determine the frequency of @entity3316 and its association with @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 . METHODS: @entity1 who received intravenous @entity3652 with or without @entity1363 for sedation in a pediatric emergency department were prospectively enrolled. Heart rate, respiratory rate, pulse oximetry, and end-tidal @entity544 (ET( @entity515 )) levels were recorded every 30 seconds. RESULTS: Fifty-eight subjects were included in this study. Fifty percent of subjects had recorded ET( @entity515 ) values less than 30 mm Hg without a rise in respiratory rate. Twenty-eight percent of subjects experienced a decrease in pulse oximetry less than 95%. @entity1 who experienced a persistent decrease in ET( @entity515 ) at least 30 seconds in length were much more likely to have a persistent decrease in pulse oximetry than those with normal or transient decreases in ET( @entity515 ) (relative risk, 6.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-30.5). Decreases in ET( @entity515 ) occurred on an average of 3.7 minutes before decreases in pulse oximetry. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3316 as detected by capnography is common in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 with or without @entity1363 . @entity519 is frequently preceded by low ET( @entity515 ) levels. Further studies are needed to determine if the addition of routine monitoring with capnography can reduce the frequency of @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation.

title: Detection of @entity3316 by capnography and its association with @entity519 in XXXX undergoing sedation with @entity3652 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3316 , a decrease in tidal volume without a change in respiratory rate, is not easily detected by standard monitoring practices during sedation but can be detected by capnography. Our goal was to determine the frequency of @entity3316 and its association with @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 . METHODS: @entity1 who received intravenous @entity3652 with or without @entity1363 for sedation in a pediatric emergency department were prospectively enrolled. Heart rate, respiratory rate, pulse oximetry, and end-tidal @entity544 (ET( @entity515 )) levels were recorded every 30 seconds. RESULTS: Fifty-eight subjects were included in this study. Fifty percent of subjects had recorded ET( @entity515 ) values less than 30 mm Hg without a rise in respiratory rate. Twenty-eight percent of subjects experienced a decrease in pulse oximetry less than 95%. @entity1 who experienced a persistent decrease in ET( @entity515 ) at least 30 seconds in length were much more likely to have a persistent decrease in pulse oximetry than those with normal or transient decreases in ET( @entity515 ) (relative risk, 6.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-30.5). Decreases in ET( @entity515 ) occurred on an average of 3.7 minutes before decreases in pulse oximetry. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3316 as detected by capnography is common in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 with or without @entity1363 . @entity519 is frequently preceded by low ET( @entity515 ) levels. Further studies are needed to determine if the addition of routine monitoring with capnography can reduce the frequency of @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation.

title: Detection of XXXX by capnography and its association with @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 .

answer: @entity3316 :: (MESH:D007040,Disease) :: ['hypoventilation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3316 , a decrease in tidal volume without a change in respiratory rate, is not easily detected by standard monitoring practices during sedation but can be detected by capnography. Our goal was to determine the frequency of @entity3316 and its association with @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 . METHODS: @entity1 who received intravenous @entity3652 with or without @entity1363 for sedation in a pediatric emergency department were prospectively enrolled. Heart rate, respiratory rate, pulse oximetry, and end-tidal @entity544 (ET( @entity515 )) levels were recorded every 30 seconds. RESULTS: Fifty-eight subjects were included in this study. Fifty percent of subjects had recorded ET( @entity515 ) values less than 30 mm Hg without a rise in respiratory rate. Twenty-eight percent of subjects experienced a decrease in pulse oximetry less than 95%. @entity1 who experienced a persistent decrease in ET( @entity515 ) at least 30 seconds in length were much more likely to have a persistent decrease in pulse oximetry than those with normal or transient decreases in ET( @entity515 ) (relative risk, 6.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-30.5). Decreases in ET( @entity515 ) occurred on an average of 3.7 minutes before decreases in pulse oximetry. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3316 as detected by capnography is common in @entity1 undergoing sedation with @entity3652 with or without @entity1363 . @entity519 is frequently preceded by low ET( @entity515 ) levels. Further studies are needed to determine if the addition of routine monitoring with capnography can reduce the frequency of @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation.

title: Detection of @entity3316 by capnography and its association with @entity519 in @entity1 undergoing sedation with XXXX .

answer: @entity3652 :: (MESH:D007649,Chemical) :: ['ketamine']


abstract: Bilateral @entity1695 from @entity263 is not uncommon. A number of techniques for urinary diversion have been used in selected @entity1 when uraemia develops. Reimplantation of the ureter(s) as an alternative to urinary diversion has been carried out in 21 @entity1 over a 7-year period. In 6 of these @entity1 bilateral reimplantation was done. In another 6 @entity1 reimplantation of the ureter was not possible and cutaneous ureterostomy was carried out. The overall survival time was 10.6 months. In 13 @entity1 living more than 6 months post-operatively, survival time was 1.8 years. Most @entity1 had severe uraemia and advanced (clinical stage III or IV) @entity263 . The immediate management of these @entity1 is outlined and the importance should be considered is stress. It is concluded that, whenever possible, ureteric reimplantation should be considered for relieving @entity1695 in @entity1 selected for active treatment.

title: Reimplantation of the ureter in XXXX associated with bilateral @entity1695 .

entities_list: @entity1695 :: ('MESH:D014517', 'Disease') :: ['ureteric obstruction']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostatic carcinoma']


abstract: Bilateral @entity1695 from @entity263 is not uncommon. A number of techniques for urinary diversion have been used in selected @entity1 when uraemia develops. Reimplantation of the ureter(s) as an alternative to urinary diversion has been carried out in 21 @entity1 over a 7-year period. In 6 of these @entity1 bilateral reimplantation was done. In another 6 @entity1 reimplantation of the ureter was not possible and cutaneous ureterostomy was carried out. The overall survival time was 10.6 months. In 13 @entity1 living more than 6 months post-operatively, survival time was 1.8 years. Most @entity1 had severe uraemia and advanced (clinical stage III or IV) @entity263 . The immediate management of these @entity1 is outlined and the importance should be considered is stress. It is concluded that, whenever possible, ureteric reimplantation should be considered for relieving @entity1695 in @entity1 selected for active treatment.

title: Reimplantation of the ureter in @entity263 associated with bilateral XXXX .

answer: @entity1695 :: (MESH:D014517,Disease) :: ['ureteric obstruction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of stannous (Sn) and @entity1388 (F) ions and their combination on acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) protein composition (proteome experiment), and protection against @entity2681 (functional experiment). METHODS: In the proteome experiment, @entity291 enamel specimens were incubated in whole saliva supernatant for 24h for AEP formation. They were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=10), according to the rinse treatment: Sn (800ppm/6.7mM, @entity18360 ), F (225ppm/13mM, @entity7034 ), Sn and F combination (Sn+F) and deionized water (DIW, negative control). The specimens were immersed 3* in the test rinses for 2min, 2h apart. Pellicles were collected, digested, and analyzed for protein content using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. In the functional experiment, @entity291 enamel specimens (n=10) were similarly treated for pellicle formation. Then, they were subjected to a five-day @entity2681 cycling model, consisting of 5min erosive challenges (15.6 mM @entity1792 , pH 2.6, 6*/d) and 2min treatment with the rinses containing Sn, F or Sn+F (3*/d). Between the treatments, all specimens were incubated in whole saliva supernatant. Surface loss was determined by profilometry. RESULTS: Our proteome approach on @entity291 enamel identified 72 proteins that were common to all groups. AEP of enamel treated with Sn+F demonstrated higher abundance for most of the identified proteins than the other groups. The functional experiment showed reduction of enamel surface loss for Sn+F (89%), Sn (67%) and F (42%) compared to DIW (all significantly different, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study highlighted that anti- @entity2681 rinses (e.g. Sn+F) can modify quantitatively and qualitatively the AEP formed on @entity291 enamel. Moreover, our study demonstrated a combinatory effect that amplified the anti-erosive protection on tooth surface.

title: The Impact of Stannous, XXXX Ions and Its Combination on Enamel Pellicle Proteome and @entity2681 Prevention.

entities_list: @entity2681 :: ('MESH:D014077', 'Disease') :: ['erosion', 'dental erosion']

entities_list: @entity1792 :: ('MESH:D019343', 'Chemical') :: ['citric acid']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['Fluoride']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of stannous (Sn) and @entity1388 (F) ions and their combination on acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) protein composition (proteome experiment), and protection against @entity2681 (functional experiment). METHODS: In the proteome experiment, @entity291 enamel specimens were incubated in whole saliva supernatant for 24h for AEP formation. They were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=10), according to the rinse treatment: Sn (800ppm/6.7mM, @entity18360 ), F (225ppm/13mM, @entity7034 ), Sn and F combination (Sn+F) and deionized water (DIW, negative control). The specimens were immersed 3* in the test rinses for 2min, 2h apart. Pellicles were collected, digested, and analyzed for protein content using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. In the functional experiment, @entity291 enamel specimens (n=10) were similarly treated for pellicle formation. Then, they were subjected to a five-day @entity2681 cycling model, consisting of 5min erosive challenges (15.6 mM @entity1792 , pH 2.6, 6*/d) and 2min treatment with the rinses containing Sn, F or Sn+F (3*/d). Between the treatments, all specimens were incubated in whole saliva supernatant. Surface loss was determined by profilometry. RESULTS: Our proteome approach on @entity291 enamel identified 72 proteins that were common to all groups. AEP of enamel treated with Sn+F demonstrated higher abundance for most of the identified proteins than the other groups. The functional experiment showed reduction of enamel surface loss for Sn+F (89%), Sn (67%) and F (42%) compared to DIW (all significantly different, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study highlighted that anti- @entity2681 rinses (e.g. Sn+F) can modify quantitatively and qualitatively the AEP formed on @entity291 enamel. Moreover, our study demonstrated a combinatory effect that amplified the anti-erosive protection on tooth surface.

title: The Impact of Stannous, @entity1388 Ions and Its Combination on Enamel Pellicle Proteome and XXXX Prevention.

answer: @entity2681 :: (MESH:D014077,Disease) :: ['Dental Erosion']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Livestock predation by large carnivores and their persecution by local communities are major conservation concerns. In order to prevent speculations and reduce conflicts, it is crucial to get detailed and accurate data on predators' dietary ecology, which is particularly important in @entity1 dominated landscapes where livestock densities are high. This is the case of the endangered Iberian wolf in Portugal, an endemic subspecies of the Iberian Peninsula, which has seen its population distribution and abundance decline throughout the 20th century. Accordingly, the diet of the Iberian wolf was analyzed, using scat analysis, in a humanized landscape in central Portugal. From 2011 to 2014, a total of 295 wolf scats were collected from transects distributed throughout the study area, prospected on a monthly basis. Scat analysis indicated a high dependence of Iberian wolf on livestock. @entity1237 predominated the diet (62% of the scats), followed by @entity291 (20%) and @entity742 (13%); the only wild ungulate present in the scat analysis was the @entity1707 (4% of the scats). Our results show that even though livestock constitute most part of wolves diet, different livestock species may represent different predation opportunities. We conclude that the high levels of livestock consumption may be a result of low diversity and density of wild ungulates that settles livestock as the only abundant prey for wolves. Our findings help on the understanding of the Iberian wolf feeding ecology and have implications for conflict management strategies. Finally, management implications are discussed and solutions are recommended.

title: To Eat or Not To Eat? The Diet of the Endangered Iberian Wolf (Canis lupus signatus) in a XXXX -Dominated Landscape in Central Portugal.

entities_list: @entity1237 :: ('9925', 'Species') :: ['Domestic goat']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: @entity170 is a gender-related disease that is especially prevalent in postmenopausal @entity1 . New drugs have been developed led by issues of interest and concerns about this disease, each one striving to be more effective and safer than the previous one. @entity178 is a new, third-generation, selective @entity172 receptor modulator. This drug is used to treat @entity170 in @entity1 with a high risk of @entity174 . @entity178 significantly prevents bone mass loss at 20 mg/day in healthy postmenopausal @entity1 with normal or low bone mineral density. The risk of @entity174 in @entity1 with @entity170 was reduced by 42% (P < 0.05) after 3 years in a pivotal study. Five years later, the reduction was still 35% (P = 0.014). Post hoc analysis in @entity1 with a high risk of @entity174 showed a 50% reduced risk of nonvertebral @entity174 (P = 0.02) after 3 years and a 37% reduction (P = 0.06) after 5 years. @entity178 shows anti- @entity174 potential in the first few years after menopause and a greater antiestrogen effect at the level of the uterus. This has made this compound an appropriate option in young postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity170 and a risk of @entity174 .

title: @entity178 for the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity178 :: ('MESH:C447119', 'Chemical') :: ['Bazedoxifene acetate']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'vertebral fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal osteoporosis', 'Osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['postmenopausal osteoporosis']


abstract: @entity170 is a gender-related disease that is especially prevalent in postmenopausal @entity1 . New drugs have been developed led by issues of interest and concerns about this disease, each one striving to be more effective and safer than the previous one. @entity178 is a new, third-generation, selective @entity172 receptor modulator. This drug is used to treat @entity170 in @entity1 with a high risk of @entity174 . @entity178 significantly prevents bone mass loss at 20 mg/day in healthy postmenopausal @entity1 with normal or low bone mineral density. The risk of @entity174 in @entity1 with @entity170 was reduced by 42% (P < 0.05) after 3 years in a pivotal study. Five years later, the reduction was still 35% (P = 0.014). Post hoc analysis in @entity1 with a high risk of @entity174 showed a 50% reduced risk of nonvertebral @entity174 (P = 0.02) after 3 years and a 37% reduction (P = 0.06) after 5 years. @entity178 shows anti- @entity174 potential in the first few years after menopause and a greater antiestrogen effect at the level of the uterus. This has made this compound an appropriate option in young postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity170 and a risk of @entity174 .

title: XXXX for the management of @entity170 .

answer: @entity178 :: (MESH:C447119,Chemical) :: ['Bazedoxifene acetate']


abstract: Pretreatment of anaesthetized @entity95 with @entity117 (A), 250 mg.kg-1, @entity3858 (M) 3 mg.kg-1 or a combination of both (A + M) was done before @entity1151 with a 1.0 ml autologous blood clot and compared with no pretreatment (C). Experiments were done until 10 survivors were present in each group. Mortality rate in controls (C) was 55 per cent ( @entity204 in less than 30 minutes) compared to zero in (A) and (A + M) and nine per cent in (M). Arterial blood pressure fell to 60 per cent of pre- @entity887 values two minutes after @entity887 in (C) but had returned to 85 per cent of pre- @entity887 values after 60 minutes. This compares with a drop to 82 per cent at two minutes and 83 per cent at 60 minutes in (A), a drop to 70 per cent at two minutes and 90 per cent at 60 minutes in (M) and a very small drop to 92 per cent at two minutes which was unchanged at 60 minutes in (A + M). Right ventricular pressure increased by 75 per cent after two minutes compared to pre- @entity887 values in (C) and was still elevated by 37 per cent after 60 minutes. This compares with increases at two minutes and 60 minutes respectively of 58 and 23 per cent in (A), 65 and 35 per cent in (M) and 55 and 18 per cent in (A + M). Heart rate did not show any significant changes in any of the groups after @entity887 . These results show a dramatic reduction in mortality from @entity1151 with @entity117 or @entity3858 pretreatment, which is associated with significant attenuation of the @entity551 response seen in controls. These agents may act by inhibiting the actions of a release of @entity2918 and @entity750 . The additive effects of the combination used suggests that both mediators may play a role in the haemodynamic responses to @entity1151 .

title: The effects of XXXX and @entity3858 , singly and in combination, on systemic haemodynamic responses to @entity1151 .

entities_list: @entity3858 :: ('MESH:D008784', 'Chemical') :: ['methysergide']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['aspirin']


abstract: Pretreatment of anaesthetized @entity95 with @entity117 (A), 250 mg.kg-1, @entity3858 (M) 3 mg.kg-1 or a combination of both (A + M) was done before @entity1151 with a 1.0 ml autologous blood clot and compared with no pretreatment (C). Experiments were done until 10 survivors were present in each group. Mortality rate in controls (C) was 55 per cent ( @entity204 in less than 30 minutes) compared to zero in (A) and (A + M) and nine per cent in (M). Arterial blood pressure fell to 60 per cent of pre- @entity887 values two minutes after @entity887 in (C) but had returned to 85 per cent of pre- @entity887 values after 60 minutes. This compares with a drop to 82 per cent at two minutes and 83 per cent at 60 minutes in (A), a drop to 70 per cent at two minutes and 90 per cent at 60 minutes in (M) and a very small drop to 92 per cent at two minutes which was unchanged at 60 minutes in (A + M). Right ventricular pressure increased by 75 per cent after two minutes compared to pre- @entity887 values in (C) and was still elevated by 37 per cent after 60 minutes. This compares with increases at two minutes and 60 minutes respectively of 58 and 23 per cent in (A), 65 and 35 per cent in (M) and 55 and 18 per cent in (A + M). Heart rate did not show any significant changes in any of the groups after @entity887 . These results show a dramatic reduction in mortality from @entity1151 with @entity117 or @entity3858 pretreatment, which is associated with significant attenuation of the @entity551 response seen in controls. These agents may act by inhibiting the actions of a release of @entity2918 and @entity750 . The additive effects of the combination used suggests that both mediators may play a role in the haemodynamic responses to @entity1151 .

title: The effects of @entity117 and @entity3858 , singly and in combination, on systemic haemodynamic responses to XXXX .

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']


abstract: Pretreatment of anaesthetized @entity95 with @entity117 (A), 250 mg.kg-1, @entity3858 (M) 3 mg.kg-1 or a combination of both (A + M) was done before @entity1151 with a 1.0 ml autologous blood clot and compared with no pretreatment (C). Experiments were done until 10 survivors were present in each group. Mortality rate in controls (C) was 55 per cent ( @entity204 in less than 30 minutes) compared to zero in (A) and (A + M) and nine per cent in (M). Arterial blood pressure fell to 60 per cent of pre- @entity887 values two minutes after @entity887 in (C) but had returned to 85 per cent of pre- @entity887 values after 60 minutes. This compares with a drop to 82 per cent at two minutes and 83 per cent at 60 minutes in (A), a drop to 70 per cent at two minutes and 90 per cent at 60 minutes in (M) and a very small drop to 92 per cent at two minutes which was unchanged at 60 minutes in (A + M). Right ventricular pressure increased by 75 per cent after two minutes compared to pre- @entity887 values in (C) and was still elevated by 37 per cent after 60 minutes. This compares with increases at two minutes and 60 minutes respectively of 58 and 23 per cent in (A), 65 and 35 per cent in (M) and 55 and 18 per cent in (A + M). Heart rate did not show any significant changes in any of the groups after @entity887 . These results show a dramatic reduction in mortality from @entity1151 with @entity117 or @entity3858 pretreatment, which is associated with significant attenuation of the @entity551 response seen in controls. These agents may act by inhibiting the actions of a release of @entity2918 and @entity750 . The additive effects of the combination used suggests that both mediators may play a role in the haemodynamic responses to @entity1151 .

title: The effects of @entity117 and XXXX , singly and in combination, on systemic haemodynamic responses to @entity1151 .

answer: @entity3858 :: (MESH:D008784,Chemical) :: ['methysergide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While some studies have shown that long-limb gastric bypass with Roux limb length of 150 to 200 cm can attain better @entity353 outcomes in @entity28 @entity1 (BMI >50 kg/m(2)) than the standard limb gastric bypass with Roux limb length of 100 to 150 cm, other studies have not shown similar findings. Additionally, no study has demonstrated the optimal length of the Roux limb that will result in ideal @entity353 . The purpose of this study is to compare the long-term @entity353 and weight regain of @entity4218 ( @entity4218 ) and long limb length (LLL) gastric bypass in @entity1 with BMI >50 kg/m(2). METHODS: A total of 120 @entity1 with BMI >50 kg/m(2) underwent either @entity4218 (total bypass length   =   200, biliopancreatic limb   =   50-80 cm, Roux limb   =   120-150 cm) or LLL (total bypass length = 250 biliopancreatic limb   =   50-80 cm, Roux limb   =   170-200 cm) RYGB. The excess @entity353 (EWL), the weight regain, and the rate of complications were measured at 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-up. Statistical comparisons were performed using t-test. RESULTS: There was no difference in @entity1 demographics, pre-operative BMI, or comorbidities between the two groups: @entity4218 (n   =   55) and LLL (n   =   65). In comparing standard- to long-limb cohorts, preoperative BMI was 56.1   5.34 vs. 57.5        6.05 kg/m(2), respectively. There was no statistical difference in percent EWL at 1, 2, and 3 years between the two groups [55.2 vs. 55 (P   =   0.933), 61.5 vs. 60.8 (P   =   0.831), and 61.1 vs.60 (P   =   0.932)]. There was no difference in percent weight regain between the two groups, 11.2 ( @entity4218 ) and 5.2 (LLL) (P   =   0.13). The rates of complications were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: There is no difference in @entity353 or weight regain between the @entity4218 and LLL RYGB. Longer-limb gastric bypass is not required in @entity1 with BMI >50 kg/m(2) for them to obtain long-term, sustained @entity353 .

title: Is XXXX better sustained with long-limb gastric bypass in the @entity28 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['standard limb length', 'SLL']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['super-obese']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While some studies have shown that long-limb gastric bypass with Roux limb length of 150 to 200 cm can attain better @entity353 outcomes in @entity28 @entity1 (BMI >50 kg/m(2)) than the standard limb gastric bypass with Roux limb length of 100 to 150 cm, other studies have not shown similar findings. Additionally, no study has demonstrated the optimal length of the Roux limb that will result in ideal @entity353 . The purpose of this study is to compare the long-term @entity353 and weight regain of @entity4218 ( @entity4218 ) and long limb length (LLL) gastric bypass in @entity1 with BMI >50 kg/m(2). METHODS: A total of 120 @entity1 with BMI >50 kg/m(2) underwent either @entity4218 (total bypass length   =   200, biliopancreatic limb   =   50-80 cm, Roux limb   =   120-150 cm) or LLL (total bypass length = 250 biliopancreatic limb   =   50-80 cm, Roux limb   =   170-200 cm) RYGB. The excess @entity353 (EWL), the weight regain, and the rate of complications were measured at 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-up. Statistical comparisons were performed using t-test. RESULTS: There was no difference in @entity1 demographics, pre-operative BMI, or comorbidities between the two groups: @entity4218 (n   =   55) and LLL (n   =   65). In comparing standard- to long-limb cohorts, preoperative BMI was 56.1   5.34 vs. 57.5        6.05 kg/m(2), respectively. There was no statistical difference in percent EWL at 1, 2, and 3 years between the two groups [55.2 vs. 55 (P   =   0.933), 61.5 vs. 60.8 (P   =   0.831), and 61.1 vs.60 (P   =   0.932)]. There was no difference in percent weight regain between the two groups, 11.2 ( @entity4218 ) and 5.2 (LLL) (P   =   0.13). The rates of complications were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: There is no difference in @entity353 or weight regain between the @entity4218 and LLL RYGB. Longer-limb gastric bypass is not required in @entity1 with BMI >50 kg/m(2) for them to obtain long-term, sustained @entity353 .

title: Is @entity353 better sustained with long-limb gastric bypass in the XXXX ?

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['super-obese']


abstract: Twenty-nine @entity1 with @entity3 were treated with a combination of @entity16418 and @entity4316 . @entity1 with adequate bone marrow reserve received @entity16418 100 mg/m2 orally on day 1 and @entity4316 0.3 mg/m2/day intravenously for five days. Both drugs were repeated every four weeks. @entity1 with inadequate bone marrow reserve received @entity16418 75 mg/m2 and @entity4316 0.2 mg/m2/day for five days. All @entity1 had received prior chemotherapy and had progressive disease at the start of the study. There was one complete response in a @entity1 with peritoneal @entity2615 which lasted 18 months and the @entity1 is still alive at 38+ months. Ten @entity1 had stable disease including three @entity1 who had responses between 25% to 50%. No responses were seen in 18 @entity1 . The median time to progression for @entity1 with stable disease was five months and for those with progressive disease was two months (P = 0.001). The median survival for @entity1 with stable disease was 20 months compared with three months for @entity1 with progressive disease (P = 0.001). The combination was generally very well tolerated and myelosuppression was insignificant. However, with the dosages and schedule used in this study, the combination of @entity16418 and @entity4316 does not appear to have significant activity in advanced soft tissue @entity242 . Further studies with this combination are indicated in @entity1 with @entity2615 .

title: A phase II evaluation of XXXX and @entity4316 in the treatment of advanced @entity242 in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity4316 :: ('MESH:D003609', 'Chemical') :: ['actinomycin D']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity16418 :: ('MESH:D012673', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl CCNU']

answer: @entity16418 :: (MESH:D012673,Chemical) :: ['methyl CCNU']


abstract: Twenty-nine @entity1 with @entity3 were treated with a combination of @entity16418 and @entity4316 . @entity1 with adequate bone marrow reserve received @entity16418 100 mg/m2 orally on day 1 and @entity4316 0.3 mg/m2/day intravenously for five days. Both drugs were repeated every four weeks. @entity1 with inadequate bone marrow reserve received @entity16418 75 mg/m2 and @entity4316 0.2 mg/m2/day for five days. All @entity1 had received prior chemotherapy and had progressive disease at the start of the study. There was one complete response in a @entity1 with peritoneal @entity2615 which lasted 18 months and the @entity1 is still alive at 38+ months. Ten @entity1 had stable disease including three @entity1 who had responses between 25% to 50%. No responses were seen in 18 @entity1 . The median time to progression for @entity1 with stable disease was five months and for those with progressive disease was two months (P = 0.001). The median survival for @entity1 with stable disease was 20 months compared with three months for @entity1 with progressive disease (P = 0.001). The combination was generally very well tolerated and myelosuppression was insignificant. However, with the dosages and schedule used in this study, the combination of @entity16418 and @entity4316 does not appear to have significant activity in advanced soft tissue @entity242 . Further studies with this combination are indicated in @entity1 with @entity2615 .

title: A phase II evaluation of @entity16418 and @entity4316 in the treatment of advanced XXXX in adults.

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: Twenty-nine @entity1 with @entity3 were treated with a combination of @entity16418 and @entity4316 . @entity1 with adequate bone marrow reserve received @entity16418 100 mg/m2 orally on day 1 and @entity4316 0.3 mg/m2/day intravenously for five days. Both drugs were repeated every four weeks. @entity1 with inadequate bone marrow reserve received @entity16418 75 mg/m2 and @entity4316 0.2 mg/m2/day for five days. All @entity1 had received prior chemotherapy and had progressive disease at the start of the study. There was one complete response in a @entity1 with peritoneal @entity2615 which lasted 18 months and the @entity1 is still alive at 38+ months. Ten @entity1 had stable disease including three @entity1 who had responses between 25% to 50%. No responses were seen in 18 @entity1 . The median time to progression for @entity1 with stable disease was five months and for those with progressive disease was two months (P = 0.001). The median survival for @entity1 with stable disease was 20 months compared with three months for @entity1 with progressive disease (P = 0.001). The combination was generally very well tolerated and myelosuppression was insignificant. However, with the dosages and schedule used in this study, the combination of @entity16418 and @entity4316 does not appear to have significant activity in advanced soft tissue @entity242 . Further studies with this combination are indicated in @entity1 with @entity2615 .

title: A phase II evaluation of @entity16418 and XXXX in the treatment of advanced @entity242 in adults.

answer: @entity4316 :: (MESH:D003609,Chemical) :: ['actinomycin D']


abstract: Seven @entity1 (five female, two male) had locally advanced @entity957 of the anal canal. Three @entity1 had recurrent or persistent disease previously treated and four had advanced primary @entity5 . Five @entity1 had groin node @entity3 . The treatment protocol consisted of chemotherapy with continuous 5-day infusion of @entity1487 , 750 mg/m2, and @entity1138 , 15 mg/m2, by bolus injection and radiation 3000 rads. All @entity1 received one or two cycles of chemotherapy pre-operatively and four (not previously irradiated) received radiation. Tumor regression greater than 50% occurred in five @entity1 , minor regression (25-50%) occurred in one @entity1 and one @entity1 showed no regression (on chemotherapy alone). All @entity1 had total resection of all gross @entity5 with microscopic clear margins and five had groin dissection. One @entity1 had no @entity5 in specimen and one @entity1 had a microscopic focus only. Four of five @entity1 had residual nodal metastases at groin dissection. Currently three @entity1 are free of disease at 24, 24, and 26 months. Two @entity1 died with disease at 6 months and 34 months, and two @entity1 died of other causes while still free of disease, at 4 and 5 months after resection. Multimodality therapy of locally advanced epidermoid @entity5 of anal canal can provide effective control and palliation of many of these @entity5 and, in some, possibly effect cure.

title: Multimodality approach to surgical management of locally advanced XXXX of the anorectum.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'residual cancer', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['epidermoid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['epidermoid carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The number of @entity1 suffering from a @entity6 is increasing. In many cases @entity154 can only be reconstructed by using a free @entity1912 . The free parascapular @entity1912 is an alternative to free @entity121 in the reconstruction of plantar or heel defects. Donor site morbidity is low. Autologous bypass reconstruction or an angioplasty can increase extremity perfusion. @entity1 AND OPERATIONS: 52 @entity1 with a @entity6 have been reconstructed since 2007. 23 of them required a free tissue transfer. On average these @entity1 were 68.7 years of age. A parascapular @entity1912 was used in 15 cases, a latissimus dorsi @entity1912 with a skin graft in 4 cases, a gracilis muscle @entity1912 with a skin graft in 3 cases. In one case a free instep @entity1912 of the contralateral foot, which had to be amputated, was used. In 13 cases the @entity1912 was anastomosed to the autologous bypass, in one case an AV loop was used. RESULTS: 22 flaps healed primarily. Only 1 @entity1 was not able to walk at discharge. There was one @entity1912 loss. 4 @entity1 required an amputation later on due to bypass @entity177 . 2 @entity1 died due to @entity1167 at the rehabilitation clinic. CONCLUSION: If the correct indication is met, free flaps can prevent @entity6 -derived amputations of the lower limb. The parascapular @entity1912 can be used for plantar and heel defects. @entity1912 harvesting is quick due to the constant vascular anatomy. The donor site morbidity is low. Reconstruction requires revascularisation in an interdisciplinary setting including vascular surgeons and radiologists. Limb salvage reduces mortality and improves quality of life. Revascularisation and reconstruction should best be done in a single surgical procedure.

title: [Preventing lower limb amputations in @entity1 suffering from XXXX and peripheral vascular disease - opportunities and limitations].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['large plantar or heel defects']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot syndrome', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['failure or infection']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle flaps']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic foot syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The number of @entity1 suffering from a @entity6 is increasing. In many cases @entity154 can only be reconstructed by using a free @entity1912 . The free parascapular @entity1912 is an alternative to free @entity121 in the reconstruction of plantar or heel defects. Donor site morbidity is low. Autologous bypass reconstruction or an angioplasty can increase extremity perfusion. @entity1 AND OPERATIONS: 52 @entity1 with a @entity6 have been reconstructed since 2007. 23 of them required a free tissue transfer. On average these @entity1 were 68.7 years of age. A parascapular @entity1912 was used in 15 cases, a latissimus dorsi @entity1912 with a skin graft in 4 cases, a gracilis muscle @entity1912 with a skin graft in 3 cases. In one case a free instep @entity1912 of the contralateral foot, which had to be amputated, was used. In 13 cases the @entity1912 was anastomosed to the autologous bypass, in one case an AV loop was used. RESULTS: 22 flaps healed primarily. Only 1 @entity1 was not able to walk at discharge. There was one @entity1912 loss. 4 @entity1 required an amputation later on due to bypass @entity177 . 2 @entity1 died due to @entity1167 at the rehabilitation clinic. CONCLUSION: If the correct indication is met, free flaps can prevent @entity6 -derived amputations of the lower limb. The parascapular @entity1912 can be used for plantar and heel defects. @entity1912 harvesting is quick due to the constant vascular anatomy. The donor site morbidity is low. Reconstruction requires revascularisation in an interdisciplinary setting including vascular surgeons and radiologists. Limb salvage reduces mortality and improves quality of life. Revascularisation and reconstruction should best be done in a single surgical procedure.

title: [Preventing lower limb amputations in XXXX suffering from @entity6 and peripheral vascular disease - opportunities and limitations].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of proton and @entity505 ion therapy for @entity157 ( @entity157 ). METHODS: In total, 343 consecutive @entity1 with 386 @entity5 , including 242 @entity1 (with 278 @entity5 ) who received proton therapy and 101 @entity1 (with 108 @entity5 ) who received @entity505 ion therapy, were treated on 8 different protocols of proton therapy (52.8-84.0 gray equivalents [GyE] in 4-38 fractions) and on 4 different protocols of @entity505 ion therapy (52.8-76.0 GyE in 4-20 fractions). RESULTS: The 5-year local control and overall survival rates for all @entity1 were 90.8% and 38.2%, respectively. Regarding proton and @entity505 ion therapy, the 5-year local control rates were 90.2% and 93%, respectively, and the 5-year overall survival rates were 38% and 36.3%, respectively. These rates did not differ significantly between the 2 therapies. Univariate analysis identified @entity5 size as an independent risk factor for local recurrence in proton therapy, @entity505 ion therapy, and in all @entity1 . Multivariate analysis identified @entity5 size as the only independent risk factor for local recurrence in proton therapy and in all @entity1 . @entity1 -Pugh classification was the only independent risk factor for overall survival in proton therapy, in @entity505 ion therapy, and in all @entity1 according to both univariate and multivariate analyses. No @entity1 died of treatment-related @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: Proton and @entity505 ion therapies for @entity157 were comparable in terms of local control and overall survival rates. These therapies may represent innovative alternatives to conventional local therapies for @entity157 .

title: Clinical results and risk factors of proton and XXXX ion therapy for @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of proton and @entity505 ion therapy for @entity157 ( @entity157 ). METHODS: In total, 343 consecutive @entity1 with 386 @entity5 , including 242 @entity1 (with 278 @entity5 ) who received proton therapy and 101 @entity1 (with 108 @entity5 ) who received @entity505 ion therapy, were treated on 8 different protocols of proton therapy (52.8-84.0 gray equivalents [GyE] in 4-38 fractions) and on 4 different protocols of @entity505 ion therapy (52.8-76.0 GyE in 4-20 fractions). RESULTS: The 5-year local control and overall survival rates for all @entity1 were 90.8% and 38.2%, respectively. Regarding proton and @entity505 ion therapy, the 5-year local control rates were 90.2% and 93%, respectively, and the 5-year overall survival rates were 38% and 36.3%, respectively. These rates did not differ significantly between the 2 therapies. Univariate analysis identified @entity5 size as an independent risk factor for local recurrence in proton therapy, @entity505 ion therapy, and in all @entity1 . Multivariate analysis identified @entity5 size as the only independent risk factor for local recurrence in proton therapy and in all @entity1 . @entity1 -Pugh classification was the only independent risk factor for overall survival in proton therapy, in @entity505 ion therapy, and in all @entity1 according to both univariate and multivariate analyses. No @entity1 died of treatment-related @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: Proton and @entity505 ion therapies for @entity157 were comparable in terms of local control and overall survival rates. These therapies may represent innovative alternatives to conventional local therapies for @entity157 .

title: Clinical results and risk factors of proton and @entity505 ion therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Probiotics may alter immune regulation. Recently, we showed that the probiotic bacteria @entity22671    influenced the activity of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in vitro. The aim of the present work was to demonstrate if @entity22671    also affects the function of Tregs in vivo. METHODS: Development of @entity1960 after transfer of CD4+CD25- T cells and protection from @entity1960 by Tregs was studied in immunodeficient @entity915 @entity19 which were simultaneously tube-fed with @entity22671    or @entity14897 Ls-33 for 5 weeks. RESULTS: Probiotic-fed @entity915 @entity19 transplanted with low numbers of Tregs in addition to the disease-inducing T cells were completely protected from @entity1960 . This was in contrast to the control group, which showed intermediate levels of @entity32 . In addition, feeding with probiotics lowered serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in both colitic @entity19 and in @entity19 protected from @entity1960 by Tregs. Gene expression patterns of rectum samples of protected @entity19 that receive either one of the probiotics showed a closer resemblance to na  ve @entity915 @entity19 than did patterns of the control group. The mechanism of action of the probiotics appears to be an indirect effect by inducing a Treg-favorable environment rather than a direct effect on the Tregs. CONCLUSIONS: @entity22671    and @entity14897 Ls-33 feeding of @entity915 @entity19 increases the in vivo effect of Tregs, resulting in a gene expression pattern in the rectum resembling that of the na  ve @entity915 @entity19 .

title: Consumption of probiotics increases the effect of regulatory T cells in transfer XXXX .

entities_list: @entity22671 :: ('272621', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM', 'L. acidophilus NCFM']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

answer: @entity1960 :: (MESH:D003092,Disease) :: ['colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this analysis was to identify if the modified indications of radiotherapy (RT) or radical surgery compromised survival in pediatric @entity1352 ( @entity1352 ). PROCEDURE: @entity1 with non-metastatic @entity1352 , prospectively enrolled in three trials, were analyzed. After primary surgery or biopsy, they received chemotherapy. RT was planned after chemotherapy in @entity1 who had not achieved a complete response (CR). The considered outcome was 5-year @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and event-free survival (EFS). RESULTS: Eighty-eight @entity1 were identified. @entity5 were mainly located in limbs (66%). The first-line therapy for 65 @entity1 was primary resection. Of the 49 @entity1 who had gross @entity5 resection, 43 received adjuvant chemotherapy, and 8 had RT. All of the 39 @entity1 with macroscopic residual disease received chemotherapy, then only surgery (n = 12)    RT (n = 22). The 5-year EFS and @entity1349 rates were 68% and 85%, respectively. The @entity2802 stage was a prognostic factor for relapse, whereas primary site of the @entity5 and @entity2802 stage were prognostic factors for @entity204 . CONCLUSIONS: Only 32% of survivors received RT. @entity1349 was similar to published data. Omission of RT may be considered in younger @entity1 , to limit the potential sequelae in @entity1 with @entity5 less than 5 cm in size initially submitted to marginal resection. This strategy may also be considered in initially unresected cases, when the @entity5 is resected at delayed surgery with microscopically free margins, and in @entity1 in complete remission after primary chemotherapy.

title: Sparing strategy does not compromise prognosis in pediatric localized XXXX : experience of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology, Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors (SIOP-MMT) Working Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'Primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['SS', 'synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1352 :: (MESH:D013584,Disease) :: ['synovial sarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oral colonization with Candida species has been observed in upto 93% of @entity1 receiving radiation for @entity135 . With immunosuppression there is a trend of emergence of rare species. The present study aimed to assess species and colonization of candida at different stages of radiation therapy for @entity135 . METHODS: Oral rinses of thirty @entity5 @entity1 receiving a six weeks course of radiation therapy for @entity135 were taken at two intervals; first at the start of radiation (0 Grays), and second at completion of radiation (60 Grays). The oral rinse was streaked onto a differential media (CHROMagar  ) plates and incubated at 37  C for 48 hours. Colony forming units (CFU) were counted and species were differentiated. Fifteen healthy controls were compared. RESULTS: The @entity5132 colony count (CFU/ml) at baseline, 0 Grays radiation ranged from 50 to 1820 CFU/ml in cases and from 0 to 300 CFU/ml in controls. @entity5132 was seen in all cases (100%) and most of the controls (86.66%). Other species such as C. Krusei, @entity7409 , @entity9841 , and @entity7408 were observed with a frequency of 10%, 6.66%, 3.33%, and 3.33% respectively in the cases. However, no species other than @entity5132 was observed in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosupression of radiation therapy @entity1 led to the development of species other than @entity5132 , which is the most prevalent species. Thus it can be inferred that there is emergence of the opportunistic fungal pathogens in @entity1 with immunosupression.

title: An assessment of candidal colonization and species differentiation in XXXX @entity1 receiving radiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity7409 :: ('5480', 'Species') :: ['C. parapsilosis']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['candida albicans', 'Candida albicans', 'C. albicans']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oral colonization with Candida species has been observed in upto 93% of @entity1 receiving radiation for @entity135 . With immunosuppression there is a trend of emergence of rare species. The present study aimed to assess species and colonization of candida at different stages of radiation therapy for @entity135 . METHODS: Oral rinses of thirty @entity5 @entity1 receiving a six weeks course of radiation therapy for @entity135 were taken at two intervals; first at the start of radiation (0 Grays), and second at completion of radiation (60 Grays). The oral rinse was streaked onto a differential media (CHROMagar  ) plates and incubated at 37  C for 48 hours. Colony forming units (CFU) were counted and species were differentiated. Fifteen healthy controls were compared. RESULTS: The @entity5132 colony count (CFU/ml) at baseline, 0 Grays radiation ranged from 50 to 1820 CFU/ml in cases and from 0 to 300 CFU/ml in controls. @entity5132 was seen in all cases (100%) and most of the controls (86.66%). Other species such as C. Krusei, @entity7409 , @entity9841 , and @entity7408 were observed with a frequency of 10%, 6.66%, 3.33%, and 3.33% respectively in the cases. However, no species other than @entity5132 was observed in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosupression of radiation therapy @entity1 led to the development of species other than @entity5132 , which is the most prevalent species. Thus it can be inferred that there is emergence of the opportunistic fungal pathogens in @entity1 with immunosupression.

title: An assessment of candidal colonization and species differentiation in @entity135 XXXX receiving radiation.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In @entity1593 , a follow-up biopsy taken 1 year after diagnosis is considered important in monitoring histological recovery. In many cases, recovery is incomplete, and the clinical significance of this is poorly understood. We now investigated associated factors and the significance of imperfect histological recovery in @entity1 in whom the follow-up had been completed. METHODS: Two hundred sixty-three biopsy-proven @entity1 were divided into two groups: histological recovery and incomplete recovery after 1 year on gluten-free diet. Serology, laboratory values, bone mineral density, and different clinical variables were measured at diagnosis and after 1 year. Gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life were assessed by validated questionnaires. Further, long-term follow-up data on mortality, @entity5 , and other severe complications were collected. RESULTS: The incomplete recovery group had more severe @entity16 (P=0.003), higher antibody values (P=0.017), and more signs of @entity8884 (P<0.001) at diagnosis. There was no difference in gender, symptoms or quality of life, family history of @entity1593 , or comorbidities. At follow-up, there was still a difference in antibodies (P=0.018) and femoral T-scores (P=0.024). Histologically recovered @entity1 showed better dietary adherence, although it was excellent in both groups (97% vs. 87%, P<0.001). There was no difference in long-term outcomes between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of more severe disease in terms of histology, serology, and signs of @entity8884 was associated with histological non-response. In @entity1 with high dietary adherence, incomplete villous recovery after 1 year does not affect the clinical response or long-term prognosis. A personalized approach is required to decide the optimal timing of the follow-up biopsy.

title: Predictors and Significance of Incomplete Mucosal Recovery in XXXX After 1 Year on a Gluten-Free Diet.

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease']

entities_list: @entity8884 :: ('MESH:D008286', 'Disease') :: ['malabsorption']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal damage']

answer: @entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['Celiac Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abnormal immune function is often an underlying component of illness pathophysiology and symptom presentation. Functional and phenotypic immune-related alterations may play a role in the obscure pathomechanism of @entity5815 / @entity5815 (CFS/ME). The objective of this study was to investigate the functional ability of innate and adaptive immune cells in moderate and severe CFS/ME @entity1 . The 1994 Fukuda criteria for CFS/ME were used to define CFS/ME @entity1 . CFS/ME @entity1 were grouped based on illness severity with 15 moderately affected (moderate) and 12 severely affected (severe) CFS/ME @entity1 who were age and sex matched with 18 healthy controls. Flow cytometric protocols were used for immunological analysis of dendritic cells, monocytes and neutrophil function as well as measures of lytic proteins and T, natural killer (NK) and B cell receptors. RESULTS: CFS/ME @entity1 exhibited alterations in NK receptors and adhesion markers and receptors on @entity404 (+)T and @entity405 (+)T cells. Moderate CFS/ME @entity1 had increased @entity405 (+) CD45RA effector memory T cells, @entity804 expression on NK cells, @entity32882 (+) on @entity404 (+)T cells and BTLA4(+) on @entity404 (+)T central memory cells. Moderate CFS/ME @entity1 also had reduced @entity405 (+)T central memory @entity1454 , total @entity405 (+)T @entity16143 , na  ve @entity404 (+)T @entity16143 and @entity2940 (dim) @entity4071 (-) NK cell @entity3138 (+) and @entity1454 (+) @entity3138 (+). Severe CFS/ME @entity1 had increased @entity1454 (+) @entity2935 (-) in the @entity2940 (dim) @entity4071 (-) NK cell phenotype and reduced @entity3222 in @entity2940 (bright) @entity4071 (dim) NK cells. CONCLUSIONS: This research accentuated the presence of @entity1200 in CFS/ME and highlighted the importance of assessing functional parameters of both innate and adaptive immune systems in the illness.

title: Characterisation of cell functions and receptors in @entity5815 / XXXX (CFS/ME).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5815 :: ('MESH:D015673', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Fatigue Syndrome', 'Myalgic Encephalomyelitis']

answer: @entity5815 :: (MESH:D015673,Disease) :: ['Myalgic Encephalomyelitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abnormal immune function is often an underlying component of illness pathophysiology and symptom presentation. Functional and phenotypic immune-related alterations may play a role in the obscure pathomechanism of @entity5815 / @entity5815 (CFS/ME). The objective of this study was to investigate the functional ability of innate and adaptive immune cells in moderate and severe CFS/ME @entity1 . The 1994 Fukuda criteria for CFS/ME were used to define CFS/ME @entity1 . CFS/ME @entity1 were grouped based on illness severity with 15 moderately affected (moderate) and 12 severely affected (severe) CFS/ME @entity1 who were age and sex matched with 18 healthy controls. Flow cytometric protocols were used for immunological analysis of dendritic cells, monocytes and neutrophil function as well as measures of lytic proteins and T, natural killer (NK) and B cell receptors. RESULTS: CFS/ME @entity1 exhibited alterations in NK receptors and adhesion markers and receptors on @entity404 (+)T and @entity405 (+)T cells. Moderate CFS/ME @entity1 had increased @entity405 (+) CD45RA effector memory T cells, @entity804 expression on NK cells, @entity32882 (+) on @entity404 (+)T cells and BTLA4(+) on @entity404 (+)T central memory cells. Moderate CFS/ME @entity1 also had reduced @entity405 (+)T central memory @entity1454 , total @entity405 (+)T @entity16143 , na  ve @entity404 (+)T @entity16143 and @entity2940 (dim) @entity4071 (-) NK cell @entity3138 (+) and @entity1454 (+) @entity3138 (+). Severe CFS/ME @entity1 had increased @entity1454 (+) @entity2935 (-) in the @entity2940 (dim) @entity4071 (-) NK cell phenotype and reduced @entity3222 in @entity2940 (bright) @entity4071 (dim) NK cells. CONCLUSIONS: This research accentuated the presence of @entity1200 in CFS/ME and highlighted the importance of assessing functional parameters of both innate and adaptive immune systems in the illness.

title: Characterisation of cell functions and receptors in XXXX / @entity5815 (CFS/ME).

answer: @entity5815 :: (MESH:D015673,Disease) :: ['Chronic Fatigue Syndrome']


abstract: In early @entity19 embryos the first cell-fate decision segregates two cell populations: the outer trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM). Cells are primarily directed to the ICM in two waves of asymmetric division at the 8-16-cell and 16-32-cell stage transition - the first and second waves, respectively. The ICM then diverges to become epiblast (EPI) which will generate the embryo/fetus and extra-embryonic @entity2970 ( @entity2970 ). Two recent studies have aimed to address the developmental origins of these lineages. Morris et al. (2010) found that first-wave-internalized cells mainly generate EPI, whereas later internalized cells provide @entity2970 . This trend was not reflected in an independent study (Yamanaka et al., 2010). From direct comparison of both datasets, it becomes clear that the key difference lies in the proportions of cells internalized in the two waves, impacting greatly upon fate. When the majority of ICM is derived from only the first wave, both EPI and @entity2970 must differentiate from the available cells and no pattern is observed. Frequently though, closer parity exists between cells dividing asymmetrically in the first and second waves, revealing the influence of developmental history upon fate. Thus, both datasets can largely be reconciled and rationalized by the different approaches taken.

title: Cell fate in the early XXXX embryo: sorting out the influence of developmental history on lineage choice.

entities_list: @entity2970 :: ('MESH:D018240', 'Disease') :: ['primitive endoderm', 'PE']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between nasal obstruction and @entity387 . The effect of postoperative nasal packing on sleep parameters was compared between @entity1 with @entity27 ( @entity27 ) and those with moderate/severe @entity27 . STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, nonrandomized controlled study. SETTING: Tertiary care center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity1 were recruited among adult @entity1 with a history of snoring scheduled to undergo nasal surgery from November 2009 to February 2010. All subjects underwent polysomnogram (PSG) testing within 30 days prior to surgery. @entity1 underwent nasal surgery and received postoperative nasal packing, and a PSG was repeated on the first postoperative night with nasal packing in place. Outcome measures included a change in respiratory disturbance index (RDI), minimum @entity26 saturation, @entity26 desaturation index (ODI), and duration of snoring. RESULTS: Forty-nine @entity1 were included in the study. @entity1 were stratified into 2 groups: those with RDI >= 15 (n = 23) and those with RDI <15 (n = 26). Nasal packing was found to significantly increase RDI (5.2    4.0 vs 10.4    10.0; P = .0001), duration of snoring (86.5%    13.1% vs 79.3%    15.3%; P = .008), and ODI (7.6    7.1 vs 9.9    7.4; P = .001) in @entity1 with mild @entity27 but not in @entity1 with moderate/severe @entity27 . Mean minimum arterial @entity26 saturation was unchanged in both groups. CONCLUSION: Postoperative nasal packing aggravated measures of @entity27 in @entity1 with mild @entity27 but not in @entity1 with moderate/severe @entity27 .

title: Impact of nasal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['mild obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep-disordered breathing']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstruction on obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Similarity-based retrieval of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) from large clinical information systems provides physicians the evidence support in making diagnoses or referring examinations for the suspected cases. Clinical Terms in EHRs represent high-level conceptual information and the similarity measure established based on these terms reflects the chance of inter- @entity1 disease co-occurrence. The assumption that clinical terms are equally relevant to a disease is unrealistic, reducing the prediction accuracy. Here we propose a term weighting approach supported by PubMed search engine to address this issue. METHODS: We collected and studied 112 abdominal computed tomography imaging examination reports from four hospitals in Hong Kong. Clinical terms, which are the image findings related to @entity157 ( @entity157 ), were extracted from the reports. Through two systematic PubMed search methods, the generic and specific term weightings were established by estimating the conditional probabilities of clinical terms given @entity157 . Each report was characterized by an ontological feature vector and there were totally 6216 vector pairs. We optimized the modified direction cosine (mDC) with respect to a regularization constant embedded into the feature vector. Equal, generic and specific term weighting approaches were applied to measure the similarity of each pair and their performances for predicting inter- @entity1 co-occurrence of @entity157 diagnoses were compared by using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: The Areas under the curves (AUROCs) of similarity scores based on equal, generic and specific term weighting approaches were 0.735, 0.728 and 0.743 respectively (p   <   0.01). In comparison with equal term weighting, the performance was significantly improved by specific term weighting (p   <   0.01) but not by generic term weighting. The clinical terms " @entity9384 ", "nodule of liver" and "equal density (isodense) lesion" were found the top three image findings associated with @entity157 in PubMed. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the optimized similarity measure with specific term weighting to EHRs can improve significantly the accuracy for predicting the inter- @entity1 co-occurrence of diagnosis when compared with equal and generic term weighting approaches.

title: PubMed-supported clinical term weighting approach for improving inter- XXXX similarity measure in diagnosis prediction.

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity9384 :: ('MESH:D016606', 'Disease') :: ['Dysplastic nodule']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']