abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a worldwide health concern and an important risk factor for poor mental/physical health in both @entity1 and @entity1 . Little is known about whether IPV leads to @entity25 . However, sleep problems may be common in the context of IPV and may mediate relationships with mental/physical health. Data from the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used (N = 34,975). IPV was assessed in female and male @entity1 for any history of being threatened by, physically hurt by, or forced to have sex with an intimate partner (THREAT, HURT, and SEX, respectively), and, further, as being forced to have sex with or physically injured by an intimate partner within the past year (SEXyr and HURTyr, respectively). These survey items were coded yes/no. @entity25 was assessed as @entity998 , staying asleep, or sleeping too much at least 6 of the last 14 days. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, race, income, education, and physical/mental health, assessed whether IPV predicted @entity25 . Sobel-Goodman tests assessed whether relationships between IPV and physical/mental health were partially mediated by @entity25 . All IPV variables were associated with @entity25 , even after adjusting for the effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, education, employment, marital status, physical health and mental health. THREAT was associated with @entity25 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.798, p < .0001), as was HURT (OR = 2.683, p < .0001), SEX (OR = 3.237, p < .0001), SEXyr (OR = 7.741, p < .0001), and HURTyr (OR = 7.497, p < .0001). In mediation analyses, all IPV variables were associated with mental health (p < .0001), and all were associated with physical health (p < .007) except SEXyr. @entity25 partially mediated all relationships (Sobel p < .0005 for all tests). Mediation was around 30%, ranging from 18% (HURTyr and mental health) to 41% (HURT and physical health). IPV was strongly associated with current @entity25 above the effect of demographics and overall mental/physical health, even if the IPV happened in the past. Furthermore, @entity25 partially mediates the relationship between IPV and mental/physical health. Sleep interventions may potentially mitigate negative effects of IPV.

title: Sleep Disturbance Partially Mediates the Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence and Physical/Mental Health in XXXX and @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['Sleep disturbance', 'sleep disturbance']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['difficulty falling asleep']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a worldwide health concern and an important risk factor for poor mental/physical health in both @entity1 and @entity1 . Little is known about whether IPV leads to @entity25 . However, sleep problems may be common in the context of IPV and may mediate relationships with mental/physical health. Data from the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used (N = 34,975). IPV was assessed in female and male @entity1 for any history of being threatened by, physically hurt by, or forced to have sex with an intimate partner (THREAT, HURT, and SEX, respectively), and, further, as being forced to have sex with or physically injured by an intimate partner within the past year (SEXyr and HURTyr, respectively). These survey items were coded yes/no. @entity25 was assessed as @entity998 , staying asleep, or sleeping too much at least 6 of the last 14 days. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, race, income, education, and physical/mental health, assessed whether IPV predicted @entity25 . Sobel-Goodman tests assessed whether relationships between IPV and physical/mental health were partially mediated by @entity25 . All IPV variables were associated with @entity25 , even after adjusting for the effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, education, employment, marital status, physical health and mental health. THREAT was associated with @entity25 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.798, p < .0001), as was HURT (OR = 2.683, p < .0001), SEX (OR = 3.237, p < .0001), SEXyr (OR = 7.741, p < .0001), and HURTyr (OR = 7.497, p < .0001). In mediation analyses, all IPV variables were associated with mental health (p < .0001), and all were associated with physical health (p < .007) except SEXyr. @entity25 partially mediated all relationships (Sobel p < .0005 for all tests). Mediation was around 30%, ranging from 18% (HURTyr and mental health) to 41% (HURT and physical health). IPV was strongly associated with current @entity25 above the effect of demographics and overall mental/physical health, even if the IPV happened in the past. Furthermore, @entity25 partially mediates the relationship between IPV and mental/physical health. Sleep interventions may potentially mitigate negative effects of IPV.

title: Sleep Disturbance Partially Mediates the Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence and Physical/Mental Health in @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) have been implicated in a number of @entity28 . Because the activated macrophages associated with many types of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases express a @entity1501 receptor (FR) that can be exploited for FR-targeted drug delivery, we examined the visceral adipose tissue of @entity28 @entity19 and @entity1 to determine whether ATMs also express FR that are accessible by @entity1501 conjugates. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS: C57BL/6 or FATSO @entity19 fed on either a low- or high-fat diet were used in @entity19 studies. @entity1 adipose tissue were obtained from healthy volunteers during adipose reduction surgery. METHODS: Visceral adipose tissue was collected from both @entity28 @entity19 and @entity1 , collagenase digested, and stained with @entity1501 -Oregon Green and antibodies for macrophage markers including F4/80, @entity3913 receptor ( @entity14452 ), @entity9536 , and @entity2935 . Cells were then examined for expression of the above markers by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the ability of @entity1501 conjugates to target the FR-expressing ATMs in @entity28 @entity19 was evaluated in vivo. RESULTS: A subset of the ATMs harvested from @entity28 @entity19 were found to express FR. Subpopulations of ATMs also simultaneously express both pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, and FR is expressed on both subsets. We then demonstrate that FR-expressing ATMs can be targeted with @entity1501 -linked fluorescent dyes in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: FR are expressed on multiple subsets of ATMs and these subsets can be targeted with @entity1501 -linked drugs, allowing for the possible development of FR-targeted therapies for @entity28 -related inflammatory diseases.

title: XXXX receptor expression on @entity19 and @entity1 adipose tissue macrophages.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'obesity-related diseases', 'obese']

answer: @entity1501 :: (MESH:D005492,Chemical) :: ['Folate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) have been implicated in a number of @entity28 . Because the activated macrophages associated with many types of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases express a @entity1501 receptor (FR) that can be exploited for FR-targeted drug delivery, we examined the visceral adipose tissue of @entity28 @entity19 and @entity1 to determine whether ATMs also express FR that are accessible by @entity1501 conjugates. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS: C57BL/6 or FATSO @entity19 fed on either a low- or high-fat diet were used in @entity19 studies. @entity1 adipose tissue were obtained from healthy volunteers during adipose reduction surgery. METHODS: Visceral adipose tissue was collected from both @entity28 @entity19 and @entity1 , collagenase digested, and stained with @entity1501 -Oregon Green and antibodies for macrophage markers including F4/80, @entity3913 receptor ( @entity14452 ), @entity9536 , and @entity2935 . Cells were then examined for expression of the above markers by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the ability of @entity1501 conjugates to target the FR-expressing ATMs in @entity28 @entity19 was evaluated in vivo. RESULTS: A subset of the ATMs harvested from @entity28 @entity19 were found to express FR. Subpopulations of ATMs also simultaneously express both pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, and FR is expressed on both subsets. We then demonstrate that FR-expressing ATMs can be targeted with @entity1501 -linked fluorescent dyes in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: FR are expressed on multiple subsets of ATMs and these subsets can be targeted with @entity1501 -linked drugs, allowing for the possible development of FR-targeted therapies for @entity28 -related inflammatory diseases.

title: @entity1501 receptor expression on XXXX and @entity1 adipose tissue macrophages.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) have been implicated in a number of @entity28 . Because the activated macrophages associated with many types of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases express a @entity1501 receptor (FR) that can be exploited for FR-targeted drug delivery, we examined the visceral adipose tissue of @entity28 @entity19 and @entity1 to determine whether ATMs also express FR that are accessible by @entity1501 conjugates. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS: C57BL/6 or FATSO @entity19 fed on either a low- or high-fat diet were used in @entity19 studies. @entity1 adipose tissue were obtained from healthy volunteers during adipose reduction surgery. METHODS: Visceral adipose tissue was collected from both @entity28 @entity19 and @entity1 , collagenase digested, and stained with @entity1501 -Oregon Green and antibodies for macrophage markers including F4/80, @entity3913 receptor ( @entity14452 ), @entity9536 , and @entity2935 . Cells were then examined for expression of the above markers by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the ability of @entity1501 conjugates to target the FR-expressing ATMs in @entity28 @entity19 was evaluated in vivo. RESULTS: A subset of the ATMs harvested from @entity28 @entity19 were found to express FR. Subpopulations of ATMs also simultaneously express both pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, and FR is expressed on both subsets. We then demonstrate that FR-expressing ATMs can be targeted with @entity1501 -linked fluorescent dyes in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: FR are expressed on multiple subsets of ATMs and these subsets can be targeted with @entity1501 -linked drugs, allowing for the possible development of FR-targeted therapies for @entity28 -related inflammatory diseases.

title: @entity1501 receptor expression on @entity19 and XXXX adipose tissue macrophages.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity8976 ( @entity8976 ) is an early @entity282 characterized by the sudden onset of @entity158 in the parotid region at the first bite of each meal. The etiology is not certain, hence a standardized therapy does not exist. METHODS: A 50-year old @entity1 referred to us complaining of a swelling in the right parotid region. @entity400 ( @entity400 ) was diagnostic for pleomorphus @entity652 gland. A 50-year old @entity1 presented with a mass in the right side of the neck, @entity400 was diagnostic for parapharyngeal space @entity808 . The first @entity1 was submitted to total parotidectomy with @entity2103 , the second to extracapsular dissection of the @entity5 . A week after surgery both @entity1 developed @entity8976 . A qualitative/quantitative description of @entity158 was obtained by means of a self-coded questionnaire. The score ranges from 8 to 44, corresponding to the lowest and the highest discomfort possible, respectively. Acupuncture was used to treat these 2 @entity1 . The treatment protocol comprised 6 sessions, one per week, lasting 30 minutes each. RESULTS: Our questionnaire was administered before and after treatment and the score dropped from 33 to 25 in the female, from 30 to 15 in the male @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity8976 is a complication of upper cervical surgery with a high morbidity rate. We describe the first two cases of @entity8976 that were successfully treated with acupuncture in our ENT department. We believe that this procedure may represent a valid therapeutic alternative in the future.

title: Potential use of acupuncture in the treatment of first XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['neurinoma']

entities_list: @entity8976 :: ('MESH:D001733', 'Disease') :: ['FBS', 'First bite syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve preservation']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['FNAB', 'Fine-needle aspiration biopsy']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenoma of the deep lobe of the parotid']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain syndrome']

answer: @entity8976 :: (MESH:D001733,Disease) :: ['bite syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mitochondria produce @entity855 ( @entity855 ), critical for cellular metabolism. @entity855 declines with age, which is associated with @entity32 . Here, we measure retinal and brain @entity855 in normal C57BL/6 and complement factor H knockout @entity19 ( @entity71324 (-/-)), which are proposed as a model of age-related @entity1020 . We show a significant premature 30% decline in retinal @entity855 in @entity71324 (-/-) @entity19 and a subsequent shift in expression of a @entity1457 protein that is predominantly mitochondrial ( @entity18458 ). Changes in @entity18458 are associated with stress and neuroprotection. We find no differences in brain @entity855 between C57BL/6 and @entity71324 (-/-) @entity19 . Near infrared (NIR) increases @entity855 and reduces @entity32 . @entity855 decline in @entity71324 (-/-) @entity19 was corrected with NIR which also shifted @entity18458 labeling patterns. @entity855 decline in @entity71324 (-/-) @entity19 occurs before @entity32 becomes established and photoreceptor loss occurs and may relate to disease etiology. However, @entity855 levels were corrected with NIR. In summary, we provide evidence for a mitochondrial basis for this disease in @entity19 and correct this with simple light exposure known to improve mitochondrial function.

title: Mitochondrial decline precedes phenotype development in the complement factor XXXX model of retinal degeneration but can be corrected by near infrared light.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate', 'ATP']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['H mouse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Photooxidative damage and chronic innate immune activation have been implicated in @entity989 ( @entity989 ) dysfunction, a process that underlies blinding diseases such as @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). To identify a potential molecular link between these mechanisms, we investigated whether @entity6973 -mediated @entity6337 activates the @entity5704 inflammasome in @entity989 cells in vitro. We found that blue light irradiation (dominant wavelength 448  nm, irradiance 0.8  mW/cm(2), duration 6  h) of @entity6973 -loaded primary @entity1 @entity989 cells and @entity1 cells induced photooxidative damage, lysosomal membrane permeabilization (79.5  % of cells vs. 3.8  % in nonirradiated controls), and cytosolic leakage of lysosomal enzymes. This resulted in activation of the inflammasome with activation of @entity9302 and secretion of @entity1356 (14.6 vs. 0.9  pg/ml in nonirradiated controls) and @entity8923 (87.7 vs. 0.2  pg/ml in nonirradiated controls). Interleukin secretion was dependent on the activity of @entity5704 , @entity9302 , and lysosomal proteases @entity467 and L. These results demonstrate that accumulation of @entity6973 -like material in vitro renders @entity989 cells susceptible to phototoxic destabilization of lysosomes, resulting in @entity5704 inflammasome activation and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. This new mechanism of inflammasome activation links photooxidative damage and innate immune activation in @entity989 pathology and may provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention in @entity989 such as @entity1020 . KEY MESSAGE:     Visible light irradiation of @entity6973 -loaded @entity989 cells activates inflammasome.     Inflammasome activation results from lysosomal permeabilization and enzyme leakage.     Inflammasome activation induces secretion of inflammatory cytokines by @entity989 cells.     Photooxidative damage by visible light as new mechanism of inflammasome activation.     Novel link between hallmark pathogenetic features of @entity989 .

title: Light induces XXXX inflammasome activation in retinal pigment epithelial cells via @entity6973 -mediated photooxidative damage.

entities_list: @entity6337 :: ('MESH:D017484', 'Disease') :: ['phototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity6973 :: ('MESH:D008062', 'Chemical') :: ['lipofuscin']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal pigment epithelium', 'retinal degenerative diseases', 'RPE', 'retinal diseases']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

answer: @entity5704 :: (114548,Gene) :: ['NLRP3']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Photooxidative damage and chronic innate immune activation have been implicated in @entity989 ( @entity989 ) dysfunction, a process that underlies blinding diseases such as @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). To identify a potential molecular link between these mechanisms, we investigated whether @entity6973 -mediated @entity6337 activates the @entity5704 inflammasome in @entity989 cells in vitro. We found that blue light irradiation (dominant wavelength 448  nm, irradiance 0.8  mW/cm(2), duration 6  h) of @entity6973 -loaded primary @entity1 @entity989 cells and @entity1 cells induced photooxidative damage, lysosomal membrane permeabilization (79.5  % of cells vs. 3.8  % in nonirradiated controls), and cytosolic leakage of lysosomal enzymes. This resulted in activation of the inflammasome with activation of @entity9302 and secretion of @entity1356 (14.6 vs. 0.9  pg/ml in nonirradiated controls) and @entity8923 (87.7 vs. 0.2  pg/ml in nonirradiated controls). Interleukin secretion was dependent on the activity of @entity5704 , @entity9302 , and lysosomal proteases @entity467 and L. These results demonstrate that accumulation of @entity6973 -like material in vitro renders @entity989 cells susceptible to phototoxic destabilization of lysosomes, resulting in @entity5704 inflammasome activation and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. This new mechanism of inflammasome activation links photooxidative damage and innate immune activation in @entity989 pathology and may provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention in @entity989 such as @entity1020 . KEY MESSAGE:     Visible light irradiation of @entity6973 -loaded @entity989 cells activates inflammasome.     Inflammasome activation results from lysosomal permeabilization and enzyme leakage.     Inflammasome activation induces secretion of inflammatory cytokines by @entity989 cells.     Photooxidative damage by visible light as new mechanism of inflammasome activation.     Novel link between hallmark pathogenetic features of @entity989 .

title: Light induces @entity5704 inflammasome activation in retinal pigment epithelial cells via XXXX -mediated photooxidative damage.

answer: @entity6973 :: (MESH:D008062,Chemical) :: ['lipofuscin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper demonstrates the mechanism of a multidimensional computerized adaptive test (CAT) to measure @entity1295 in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). A CAT can be used to precisely measure @entity1 -reported outcomes at an individual level as items are consequentially selected based on the @entity1 's previous answers. The item bank of the CAT Fatigue @entity309 has been developed from the @entity1 ' perspective and consists of 196 items pertaining to three @entity1295 dimensions: severity, impact and variability of @entity1295 . METHODS: The CAT Fatigue @entity309 was completed by fifteen @entity1 . To test the CAT's working mechanism, we applied the flowchart-check-method. The adaptive item selection procedure for each @entity1 was checked by the researchers. The estimated @entity1295 levels and the measurement precision per dimension were illustrated with the selected items, answers and flowcharts. RESULTS: The CAT Fatigue @entity309 selected all items in a logical sequence and those items were selected which provided the most information about the @entity1 's individual @entity1295 . Flowcharts further illustrated that the CAT reached a satisfactory measurement precision, with less than 20 items, on the dimensions severity and impact and to somewhat lesser extent also for the dimension variability. @entity1 ' @entity1295 scores varied across the three dimensions; sometimes severity scored highest, other times impact or variability. The CAT's ability to display different @entity1295 experiences can improve communication in daily clinical practice, guide interventions, and facilitate research into possible predictors of @entity1295 . CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the CAT Fatigue @entity309 measures precise and comprehensive. Once it is examined in more detail in a consecutive, elaborate validation study, the CAT will be available for implementation in daily clinical practice and for research purposes.

title: Working mechanism of a multidimensional computerized adaptive test for XXXX in @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1295 :: (MESH:D005221,Disease) :: ['fatigue']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper demonstrates the mechanism of a multidimensional computerized adaptive test (CAT) to measure @entity1295 in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). A CAT can be used to precisely measure @entity1 -reported outcomes at an individual level as items are consequentially selected based on the @entity1 's previous answers. The item bank of the CAT Fatigue @entity309 has been developed from the @entity1 ' perspective and consists of 196 items pertaining to three @entity1295 dimensions: severity, impact and variability of @entity1295 . METHODS: The CAT Fatigue @entity309 was completed by fifteen @entity1 . To test the CAT's working mechanism, we applied the flowchart-check-method. The adaptive item selection procedure for each @entity1 was checked by the researchers. The estimated @entity1295 levels and the measurement precision per dimension were illustrated with the selected items, answers and flowcharts. RESULTS: The CAT Fatigue @entity309 selected all items in a logical sequence and those items were selected which provided the most information about the @entity1 's individual @entity1295 . Flowcharts further illustrated that the CAT reached a satisfactory measurement precision, with less than 20 items, on the dimensions severity and impact and to somewhat lesser extent also for the dimension variability. @entity1 ' @entity1295 scores varied across the three dimensions; sometimes severity scored highest, other times impact or variability. The CAT's ability to display different @entity1295 experiences can improve communication in daily clinical practice, guide interventions, and facilitate research into possible predictors of @entity1295 . CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the CAT Fatigue @entity309 measures precise and comprehensive. Once it is examined in more detail in a consecutive, elaborate validation study, the CAT will be available for implementation in daily clinical practice and for research purposes.

title: Working mechanism of a multidimensional computerized adaptive test for @entity1295 in XXXX .

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate ranibizumab 0.5 mg using bimonthly monitoring and individualized re-treatment after monthly follow-up for 6 months in @entity1 with @entity227 due to @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ). DESIGN: A phase IIIb, 18-month, prospective, open-label, multicenter, single-arm study in the United Kingdom. @entity1 : @entity1 (N  = 109) with @entity227 due to @entity1103 . METHODS: @entity1 received 3 initial monthly ranibizumab 0.5 mg injections (day 0 to month 2), followed by individualized best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography-guided re-treatment with monthly (months 3-5) and subsequent bimonthly follow-up (months 6-18). Laser was allowed after month  6. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mean change in BCVA from baseline to month 12 (primary end point), mean change in BCVA and central retinal thickness (CRT) from baseline to month 18, gain of >= 10 and >= 15 letters, treatment exposure, and incidence of adverse events over 18 months. RESULTS: Of 109 @entity1 , 100 (91.7%) and 99 (90.8%) completed the 12 and 18 months of the study, respectively. The mean age was 63.7 years, the mean duration of @entity1103 was 40 months, and 77.1% of the @entity1 had received prior laser treatment (study eye). At baseline, mean BCVA was 62.9 letters, 20% of @entity1 had a baseline BCVA of >73 letters, and mean baseline CRT was 418.1  m, with 32% of @entity1 having a baseline CRT <300  m. The mean change in BCVA from baseline to month 6 was  +6.6 letters (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.9-8.3), and after institution of bimonthly treatment the mean change in BCVA at month 12 was  +4.8 letters (95% CI, 2.9-6.7; P < 0.001) and  +6.5 letters (95% CI, 4.2-8.8) at month 18. The proportion of @entity1 gaining >= 10 and >= 15 letters was 24.8% and 13.8% at month 12 and 34.9% and 19.3% at month 18, respectively. @entity1 received a mean of 6.8 and 8.5 injections over 12 and 18 months, respectively. No new ocular or nonocular safety findings were observed during the study. CONCLUSIONS: The BCVA gain achieved in the initial 6-month treatment period was maintained with an additional 12 months of bimonthly ranibizumab PRN treatment.

title: Ranibizumab 0.5 mg for XXXX with Bimonthly Monitoring after a Phase of Initial Treatment: 18-Month, Multicenter, Phase IIIB RELIGHT Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['DME', 'diabetic macular edema']

answer: @entity1103 :: (MESH:D008269,Disease) :: ['Diabetic Macular Edema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Isolated dissecting @entity5487 (PICA) are rare lesions, which carry high risk of rebleeding and mortality. However, the existing literature concerning predictors of outcome after endovascular treatment is limited and controversial. Our present study retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the clinical outcome of endovascular treatment-ruptured PICA-dissecting @entity439 and explored the predictors of outcome. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 17 consecutive @entity1 with ruptured PICA dissecting @entity439 that underwent endovascular treatment from January 2003 to January 2014. Nine @entity1 underwent selective coiling, whereas 7 @entity1 underwent parent @entity432 and 1 @entity1 underwent stent-assisted coiling. Follow-up outcomes were evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale. The clinical outcomes of @entity1 were categorized as favorable (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 0-1) or unfavorable (mRS score 2-6). RESULTS: Favorable outcomes (mRS score 0-1) were obtained in 13 of 17 @entity1 . Post-treatment recurrence occurred in 1 @entity1 with selective coiling in the 15-month follow-up, and the @entity1 received stent-assisted coiling. The only @entity1 with stent-assisted coiling developed PICA occlusion during follow-up. @entity439 located in distal segment usually presented with @entity548 (P  =  .015). @entity101 , coexisting @entity1276 , and time to operation (latter than 2  weeks) were associated with unfavorable outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular treatment of isolated dissecting @entity439 of PICA had excellent clinical outcomes, @entity101 , coexisting @entity1276 , and time to operation (latter than 2  weeks), which were associated with unfavorable outcome. Long-term follow-ups are necessary to provide stronger conclusions.

title: Endovascular Treatment of Dissecting XXXX and Predictors of Outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'Aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity5487 :: ('MESH:D014854', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

answer: @entity5487 :: (MESH:D014854,Disease) :: ['Aneurysms of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish a novel method to determine specific type of @entity2783 through laser microdissection and mass spectrometry ( @entity15053 / @entity15 ) based proteomic analysis. METHODS: There were 138 @entity406 -fixed and @entity982 -embedded (FFPE) biopsy samples of @entity1 who were diagnosed as @entity1582 used in this study. For each case, a 10  m section stained with congo-red and positive @entity527 were identified under fluorescent light, followed by micro-dissection and mass spectrometry analysis. The @entity2783 subtype was confirmed based on the most abundant amyloid protein. RESULTS: The tissue types of 138 specimens were as following: subcutaneous abdominal fat accounted for 26%, tongue for 19%, gingiva for 11%, kidney for 9%, intestine for 9%, heart for 6% and others for 20%. Specific types of amyloid were accurately detected in 121 cases, including 106 (87.6%) @entity3917 ( @entity3917 ) type, 7 (5.8%) amyloid trans-thy-retin (ATTR), 2 (1.7%) amyloidogenic protein A (AA), 2 (1.7%) @entity11728 ( @entity11728 )/ @entity3917 + @entity11728 , 2 (1.7%) fibrinogen alpha chain (AFib), 1(0.8%) amyloid apolipoprotein A-type II (AApoA-II) and one (0.8%) amyloid lysozyme (ALys). Diagnosis of @entity2783 was excluded in 5 cases. The types of twelve cases were indeterminate by @entity15053 / @entity15 . On the whole, @entity15053 / @entity15 reached 91.3% accuracy rate in amyloid typing. Commonly involved organs (for example, heart, kidney and liver) turned out to be suitable sources of FFPE samples with typing success rate of almost 100%. In contrast, @entity15 analysis was successful in only 83.3% of subcutaneous abdominal fat samples. CONCLUSION: @entity15053 / @entity15 method provided a more direct technique for accurate typing of @entity2783 in a single procedure.

title: [Classification of XXXX by laser micro-dissection and mass spectrometry based proteomic analysis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposits']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity11728 :: ('MESH:D006362', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid heavy chain', 'AH']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['systemic amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['AL', 'amyloid light chain']

answer: @entity2783 :: (MESH:D000686,Disease) :: ['amyloidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3001 is a global public health problem caused by the spirochaete @entity2069 . Our previous studies found differences in disease severity between @entity31350 - and @entity25974 SZ-infected @entity19 . We hypothesized that genes that are differentially expressed between Borrelia isolates encode bacterial factors that contribute to disease diversity. METHODS: The present study used high-throughput sequencing technology to characterize and compare the transcriptional profiles of @entity31350 and @entity25974 SZ cultured in vitro. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to validate selected data from RNA-seq experiments. RESULTS: A total of 731 genes were differentially expressed between @entity31350 and @entity25974 SZ isolates, including those encoding lipoproteins and purine transport proteins. The fold difference in expression for @entity25974 SZ versus @entity31350 ranged from 22.07 to 1.01. Expression of the OspA, OspB and DbpB genes were significantly lower in @entity25974 SZ compared to @entity31350 . CONCLUSIONS: The results support the hypothesis that global changes in gene expression underlie differences in Borrelia pathogenicity. The findings also provide an empirical basis for studying the mechanism of action of specific genes as well as their potential usefulness for the diagnosis and management of @entity3001 .

title: RNA-Seq-based analysis of changes in XXXX gene expression linked to pathogenicity.

entities_list: @entity3001 :: ('MESH:D008193', 'Disease') :: ['Lyme disease']

entities_list: @entity2069 :: ('139', 'Species') :: ['Borrelia burgdorferi']

answer: @entity2069 :: (139,Species) :: ['Borrelia burgdorferi']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Red foxes ( @entity13616 ) have recently been recognized as potential reservoirs of several vector-borne pathogens and a source of infection for domestic @entity235 and @entity1 , mostly due to their close vicinity to urban areas and frequent exposure to different arthropod vectors. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and distribution of @entity743 spp., Hepatozoon canis, Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., 'Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis', @entity4209 , Rickettsia spp. and blood filaroid @entity2199 in free-ranging red foxes from Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHODS: Spleen samples from a total of 119 red foxes, shot during the hunting season between October 2013 and April 2014 throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina, were examined for the presence of blood vector-borne pathogens by conventional PCRs and sequencing. RESULTS: In the present study, three species of apicomplexan parasites were molecularly identified in 73 red foxes from the entire sample area, with an overall prevalence of 60.8%. The DNA of @entity14991 , B. cf. microti and @entity14991 was found in 1 (0.8%), 38 (31.9%) and 46 (38.6%) spleen samples, respectively. In 11 samples (9.2%) co-infections with B. cf. microti and @entity14991 were detected and one fox harboured all three parasites (0.8%). There were no statistically significant differences between geographical region, sex or age of the host in the infection prevalence of B. cf. microti, although females (52.9%; 18/34) were significantly more infected with @entity14991 than males (32.9%; 28/85). The presence of vector-borne bacteria and filaroid @entity2199 was not detected in our study. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of @entity14991 , B. cf. microti and @entity14991 parasites in foxes from Bosnia and Herzegovina and the data presented here provide a first insight into the distribution of these pathogens among the red fox population. Moreover, the relatively high prevalence of B. cf. microti and @entity14991 reinforces the assumption that this wild canid species might be a possible reservoir and source of infection for domestic @entity235 .

title: A molecular survey of vector-borne pathogens in red foxes ( XXXX ) from Bosnia and Herzegovina.

entities_list: @entity4209 :: ('944', 'Species') :: ['Ehrlichia canis']

entities_list: @entity13616 :: ('9627', 'Species') :: ['Vulpes vulpes']

answer: @entity13616 :: (9627,Species) :: ['Vulpes vulpes']


abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the treatment outcomes for locally advanced resectable @entity5 between organ-preserving chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and surgery followed by radiotherapy (SRT). Materials and Methods: We reviewed 91 @entity1 with stage III/IV @entity957 treated with radiotherapy. In the CRT group (n=34), 18 @entity1 were treated with concurrent CRT and 16 @entity1 with induction chemotherapy plus concurrent CRT. In the SRT group (n=57), 6 patents were treated with total laryngopharyngectomy (TLP), 34 @entity1 with total laryngectomy and partial pharyngectomy ( @entity67888 /PP), and 17 @entity1 with partial pharyngectomy (PP), which were followed by adjuvant RT (n=41) or CRT (n=16). The median RT dose was 70 Gy for CRT and 59.4 Gy for SRT. Results: Five-year local control (84.1% vs. 90.9%), and disease-free (DFS: 51.0% vs. 52.7%) and overall survival (OS: 58.6% vs. 56.6%) showed no significant difference between the CRT and SRT groups. The functional larynx-preservation rate was higher in the CRT group (88.2% vs. 29.8%). Treatment-related @entity137 , requiring surgical intervention, occurred more frequently in the SRT group (37% vs. 12%). In the SRT group, @entity67888 resulted in a significantly higher DFS than larynx-sparing surgery (63.9% vs. 26.5%, p = 0.027). Treatment outcome of the SRT group improved when only @entity1 with @entity67888 were considered (n = 40); however, 5-year OS (67.1% vs. 58.6%, p = 0.830) and DFS (63.9% vs. 51.0%, p = 0.490) did not improve significantly when compared to the CRT group. Conclusion: Organ preserving CRT provided a treatment outcome that is comparable to SRT for locally advanced @entity5 , while offering an opportunity for functional larynx-preservation and reduced treatment-related @entity137 .

title: Definitive Chemoradiotherapy versus Surgery Followed by Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Resectable Stage III/IV XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['hypopharyngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Hypopharyngeal Cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity12321 is a rare @entity1071 whose hallmark is atypical @entity12692 . Symptoms can include @entity221 , @entity381 , and abnormal blood cell counts. High levels of @entity650 ( @entity650 ) are observed frequently in this disorder and are believed to drive the disease. Recently, therapies that target @entity650 or its receptor have been shown to be effective in @entity12692 . CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 76-year-old Caucasian @entity1 with aggressive biopsy-proven @entity12692 who experienced pulmonary and lymph node involvement, as well as @entity221 and @entity353 . He was treated with siltuximab, a chimeric anti- @entity650 antibody. After 5 months, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography scans showed marked improvement in his lungs, but worsening mediastinal disease, consistent with a mixed response. Biopsy of the mediastinal disease revealed lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with non-caseating, ill-defined @entity738 and @entity2318 consistent with @entity370 . Prednisone 50mg by mouth daily was started, which was tapered to 2.0-5.0mg daily. Siltuximab was continued. A subsequent fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography scan showed near-complete resolution of lung and mediastinal disease, now ongoing for 3.5+ years without serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Lymphomas have previously been reported to coexist with @entity370 , albeit rarely, but there has been only a single previous case of this type with @entity12692 . Of importance, early recognition of the presence of @entity370 in our @entity1 prevented discontinuation of siltuximab therapy due to "progression." Our experience may also have broader implications in that it suggests that etiology of "mixed responses" should be confirmed by performing biopsies on the progressive @entity5 .

title: @entity12692 and XXXX , a rare association resulting in a "mixed" response: a case report.

entities_list: @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6', 'interleukin 6', 'interleukin-6']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative disorder']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity12692 :: ('MESH:D005871', 'Disease') :: ["Castleman's disease", 'lymph node hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity12321 :: ('MESH:C537372', 'Disease') :: ["Multicentric Castleman's disease"]

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['sarcoidosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity12321 is a rare @entity1071 whose hallmark is atypical @entity12692 . Symptoms can include @entity221 , @entity381 , and abnormal blood cell counts. High levels of @entity650 ( @entity650 ) are observed frequently in this disorder and are believed to drive the disease. Recently, therapies that target @entity650 or its receptor have been shown to be effective in @entity12692 . CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 76-year-old Caucasian @entity1 with aggressive biopsy-proven @entity12692 who experienced pulmonary and lymph node involvement, as well as @entity221 and @entity353 . He was treated with siltuximab, a chimeric anti- @entity650 antibody. After 5 months, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography scans showed marked improvement in his lungs, but worsening mediastinal disease, consistent with a mixed response. Biopsy of the mediastinal disease revealed lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with non-caseating, ill-defined @entity738 and @entity2318 consistent with @entity370 . Prednisone 50mg by mouth daily was started, which was tapered to 2.0-5.0mg daily. Siltuximab was continued. A subsequent fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography scan showed near-complete resolution of lung and mediastinal disease, now ongoing for 3.5+ years without serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Lymphomas have previously been reported to coexist with @entity370 , albeit rarely, but there has been only a single previous case of this type with @entity12692 . Of importance, early recognition of the presence of @entity370 in our @entity1 prevented discontinuation of siltuximab therapy due to "progression." Our experience may also have broader implications in that it suggests that etiology of "mixed responses" should be confirmed by performing biopsies on the progressive @entity5 .

title: XXXX and @entity370 , a rare association resulting in a "mixed" response: a case report.

answer: @entity12692 :: (MESH:D005871,Disease) :: ['Castleman's disease']


abstract: Twenty-four @entity1 were refueling a missile when a large spill of oxidizer occurred. Three crewmen were exposed to very high concentrations of the @entity28600 of @entity1568 . One died within minutes. Severe @entity649 developed in the other two, one of whom survived. Twenty-one other workers were exposed to minimal to moderate concentrations of the gas. Most remained asymptomatic while six had @entity851 of breath, cough, or hemoptysis. The three with persistent symptoms received corticosteroid therapy; the complaints resolved in two. Corticosteroid therapy for four asymptomatic @entity1 who had moderate @entity519 two weeks after the accident may have aborted the second stage of @entity7459 injury. Six @entity1 with minimal exposure had persisting @entity10 , @entity227 , and emotional difficulties. These latter findings may represent an unusual complication of exposure to these gases.

title: The McConnell missile accident. Clinical spectrum of XXXX exposure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual disturbances']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['shortness']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity7459 :: ('MESH:D009585', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen dioxide']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity7459 :: (MESH:D009585,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen dioxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A new technique of @entity0 ( @entity0 ) using laparoscopically harvested pedicled omental flap has been developed in the past 10  years. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of this technique. METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 underwent @entity0 using laparoscopically harvested omental flap. Operative time, @entity190 , complications, recurrence, and cosmetic outcomes were prospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Between June 2010 and March 2014, 25 @entity1 were recruited in our study. The surgery was performed successfully in 24 @entity1 . All these @entity1 recovered uneventfully after the surgery. Mean operative time was 310  min, ranging from 205 to 410  min. Mean @entity190 was 70  ml, ranging from 20 to 150  ml. @entity1 were followed up for 32  months on average, ranging from 6 to 51  months. Four @entity1 complained of mild epigastric discomfort. One @entity1 had local recurrence and distant bone and liver @entity3 and died 11  months after the surgery. One @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity3 in the lung, bone, and liver without local recurrence 2  years after surgery. The cosmetic satisfaction rate was 91.7% and 95.8% by surgeon and @entity1 , respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with laparoscopically harvested omental flap might be a feasible technique with a good cosmetic outcome.

title: The XXXX with pedicled omental flap harvested by laparoscopy: initial experiences from China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['oncoplastic breast surgery', 'OBS']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['oncoplastic breast surgery']


abstract: BACKGROUND: the @entity922 ( @entity922 ) was validated as a predictor of adverse outcomes in community-dwelling older @entity1 . In our hospital, the use of the @entity922 in emergency admissions of @entity1 aged >=  75 years was introduced under the Commissioning for Quality and Innovation payment framework. AIM: we retrospectively studied the association of the @entity922 with @entity1 characteristics and outcomes. DESIGN: retrospective observational study in a large tertiary university National Health Service hospital in UK. METHODS: the @entity922 was correlated with transfer to specialist Geriatric ward, length of stay (LOS), in- @entity1 mortality and 30-day readmission rate. RESULTS: between 1st August 2013 and 31st July 2014, there were 11 271 emergency admission episodes of @entity1 aged >=  75 years (all specialties), corresponding to 7532 unique @entity1 (first admissions); of those, 5764 had the @entity922 measured by the admitting team (81% of them within 72   hr of admission). After adjustment for age, gender, Charlson comorbidity index and history of @entity303 and/or current cognitive concern, the @entity922 was an independent predictor of in- @entity1 mortality [odds ratio (OR)   =   1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.48 to 1.74, P   <   0.001], transfer to Geriatric ward (OR   =   1.33, 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.42, P   <   0.001) and LOS >=  10 days (OR   =   1.19, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.23, P   <   0.001). The @entity922 was not a multivariate predictor of 30-day readmission. CONCLUSIONS: the @entity922 may help predict in- @entity1 mortality and target specialist geriatric resources within the hospital. Usual hospital metrics such as mortality and LOS should take into account measurable @entity1 complexity.

title: Association of the XXXX with hospital outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['CFS', 'clinical frailty scale']

answer: @entity922 :: (MESH:D013568,Disease) :: ['clinical frailty scale']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronic condition of childhood and disproportionately affects inner-city minority @entity1 . Low rates of @entity565 preventer medication adherence is a major contributor to poor @entity565 control in these @entity1 . Web-based methods have potential to improve @entity1 knowledge and medication adherence by providing interactive @entity1 education, monitoring of symptoms and medication use, and by facilitation of communication and teamwork among @entity1 and health care providers. Few studies have evaluated web-based @entity565 support environments using all of these potentially beneficial interventions. The multidimensional website created for this study, BostonBreathes, was designed to intervene on multiple levels, and was evaluated in a pilot trial. METHODS: An interactive, engaging website for @entity1 with @entity565 was developed to promote adherence to @entity565 medications, provide a platform for teamwork between caregivers and @entity1 , and to provide primary care providers with up-to-date symptom information and data on medication use. Fifty-eight (58) @entity1 primarily from inner city Boston with persistent-level @entity565 were randomised to either usual care or use of BostonBreathes. Subjects completed @entity565 education activities, and reported their symptoms and medication use. Primary care providers used a separate interface to monitor their @entity1 ' website use, their reported symptoms and medication use, and were able to communicate online via a discussion board with their @entity1 and with an @entity565 specialist. RESULTS: After 6-months, reported wheezing improved significantly in both intervention and control groups, and there were significant improvements in the intervention group only in night-time awakening and @entity25 , but there were no significant differences between intervention and control groups in these measures. Emergency room or acute visits to a physician for @entity565 did not significantly change in either group. Among the subgroup of subjects with low controller medication adherence at baseline, adherence improved significantly only in the intervention group. Knowledge of the purpose of controller medicine increased significantly in the intervention group, a statistically significant improvement over the control group. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study suggests that a multidimensional web-based educational, monitoring, and communication platform may have positive influences on pediatric @entity1 ' @entity565 -related knowledge and use of @entity565 preventer medications.

title: Evaluation of a web-based XXXX self-management system: a randomised controlled pilot trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['parental loss of sleep']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5072 ( @entity5072 ) is a rare disease, currently considered a benign @entity455 of unknown etiology, and whose treatment is still unclear and challenging. @entity1 AND METHODS: Two @entity1 in their thirties consulted for itchy lesions of the right ear. Both presented with a @entity548 papulonodular infiltration of the auricle, with a nodule at the entrance to the external auditory canal in the first @entity1 . Laboratory tests showed no abnormalities and in particular no @entity1712 or elevated serum immunoglobulin E. In both cases, histology of lesional skin showed @entity455 with thick-walled vessels lined by plump endothelial cells, protruding into the lumen, together with a mixed dermal inflammatory infiltrate consisting primarily of eosinophils and lymphocytes. A diagnosis of @entity5072 was made in both @entity1 based on clinical and histological features. MRA revealed no underlying @entity1462 in both cases. @entity1 started treatment with 0.1% @entity1140 ointment twice daily. The @entity11782 sensation and bleeding had completely subsided within two weeks and the reddish infiltration and nodules had practically disappeared after two months of topical @entity1140 . Continuous application resulted in no recurrence at 6 months of follow-up. DISCUSSION: Treatment of @entity5072 is still poorly standardized due to doubts concerning the pathophysiology of this rare condition and the small number of available studies. Topical @entity1140 was originally developed for the treatment of moderate to severe @entity483 because of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies suggest that this drug may be effective in treating other forms of inflammatory @entity272 . Our two observations suggest that @entity1140 ointment also represents potentially valuable treatment in AHLE.

title: [Treatment of @entity5072 with @entity1712 ( XXXX ) using topical @entity1140 : Two cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['hypereosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular proliferation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['reddish bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5072 :: ('MESH:D000796', 'Disease') :: ['ALHE', 'Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['dermatosis']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformation']

answer: @entity5072 :: (MESH:D000796,Disease) :: ['ALHE']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5072 ( @entity5072 ) is a rare disease, currently considered a benign @entity455 of unknown etiology, and whose treatment is still unclear and challenging. @entity1 AND METHODS: Two @entity1 in their thirties consulted for itchy lesions of the right ear. Both presented with a @entity548 papulonodular infiltration of the auricle, with a nodule at the entrance to the external auditory canal in the first @entity1 . Laboratory tests showed no abnormalities and in particular no @entity1712 or elevated serum immunoglobulin E. In both cases, histology of lesional skin showed @entity455 with thick-walled vessels lined by plump endothelial cells, protruding into the lumen, together with a mixed dermal inflammatory infiltrate consisting primarily of eosinophils and lymphocytes. A diagnosis of @entity5072 was made in both @entity1 based on clinical and histological features. MRA revealed no underlying @entity1462 in both cases. @entity1 started treatment with 0.1% @entity1140 ointment twice daily. The @entity11782 sensation and bleeding had completely subsided within two weeks and the reddish infiltration and nodules had practically disappeared after two months of topical @entity1140 . Continuous application resulted in no recurrence at 6 months of follow-up. DISCUSSION: Treatment of @entity5072 is still poorly standardized due to doubts concerning the pathophysiology of this rare condition and the small number of available studies. Topical @entity1140 was originally developed for the treatment of moderate to severe @entity483 because of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies suggest that this drug may be effective in treating other forms of inflammatory @entity272 . Our two observations suggest that @entity1140 ointment also represents potentially valuable treatment in AHLE.

title: [Treatment of XXXX with @entity1712 ( @entity5072 ) using topical @entity1140 : Two cases].

answer: @entity5072 :: (MESH:D000796,Disease) :: ['angiolymphoid hyperplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5072 ( @entity5072 ) is a rare disease, currently considered a benign @entity455 of unknown etiology, and whose treatment is still unclear and challenging. @entity1 AND METHODS: Two @entity1 in their thirties consulted for itchy lesions of the right ear. Both presented with a @entity548 papulonodular infiltration of the auricle, with a nodule at the entrance to the external auditory canal in the first @entity1 . Laboratory tests showed no abnormalities and in particular no @entity1712 or elevated serum immunoglobulin E. In both cases, histology of lesional skin showed @entity455 with thick-walled vessels lined by plump endothelial cells, protruding into the lumen, together with a mixed dermal inflammatory infiltrate consisting primarily of eosinophils and lymphocytes. A diagnosis of @entity5072 was made in both @entity1 based on clinical and histological features. MRA revealed no underlying @entity1462 in both cases. @entity1 started treatment with 0.1% @entity1140 ointment twice daily. The @entity11782 sensation and bleeding had completely subsided within two weeks and the reddish infiltration and nodules had practically disappeared after two months of topical @entity1140 . Continuous application resulted in no recurrence at 6 months of follow-up. DISCUSSION: Treatment of @entity5072 is still poorly standardized due to doubts concerning the pathophysiology of this rare condition and the small number of available studies. Topical @entity1140 was originally developed for the treatment of moderate to severe @entity483 because of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies suggest that this drug may be effective in treating other forms of inflammatory @entity272 . Our two observations suggest that @entity1140 ointment also represents potentially valuable treatment in AHLE.

title: [Treatment of @entity5072 with @entity1712 ( @entity5072 ) using topical XXXX : Two cases].

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5072 ( @entity5072 ) is a rare disease, currently considered a benign @entity455 of unknown etiology, and whose treatment is still unclear and challenging. @entity1 AND METHODS: Two @entity1 in their thirties consulted for itchy lesions of the right ear. Both presented with a @entity548 papulonodular infiltration of the auricle, with a nodule at the entrance to the external auditory canal in the first @entity1 . Laboratory tests showed no abnormalities and in particular no @entity1712 or elevated serum immunoglobulin E. In both cases, histology of lesional skin showed @entity455 with thick-walled vessels lined by plump endothelial cells, protruding into the lumen, together with a mixed dermal inflammatory infiltrate consisting primarily of eosinophils and lymphocytes. A diagnosis of @entity5072 was made in both @entity1 based on clinical and histological features. MRA revealed no underlying @entity1462 in both cases. @entity1 started treatment with 0.1% @entity1140 ointment twice daily. The @entity11782 sensation and bleeding had completely subsided within two weeks and the reddish infiltration and nodules had practically disappeared after two months of topical @entity1140 . Continuous application resulted in no recurrence at 6 months of follow-up. DISCUSSION: Treatment of @entity5072 is still poorly standardized due to doubts concerning the pathophysiology of this rare condition and the small number of available studies. Topical @entity1140 was originally developed for the treatment of moderate to severe @entity483 because of its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies suggest that this drug may be effective in treating other forms of inflammatory @entity272 . Our two observations suggest that @entity1140 ointment also represents potentially valuable treatment in AHLE.

title: [Treatment of @entity5072 with XXXX ( @entity5072 ) using topical @entity1140 : Two cases].

answer: @entity1712 :: (MESH:D004802,Disease) :: ['eosinophilia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Linear growth rate (LGR) is the most commonly employed trigger for definitive intervention in @entity1 with renal masses managed with an initial period of @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ). Using our institutional cohort, we explored the association between @entity5 anatomic complexity at presentation and LGR in @entity1 managed with @entity3457 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Enhancing renal masses managed expectantly for at least 6 months were included for analysis. The association between Nephrometry Score and LGR was assessed using generalized estimating equations, adjusting for the age, Charlson score, race, sex, and initial @entity5 size. RESULTS: Overall, 346 @entity1 (401 masses) met the inclusion criteria (18% >=  cT1b), with a median follow-up of 37 months (range: 6-169). Of these, 44% @entity1 showed progression to definitive intervention with a median duration of 27 months (range: 6-130). On comparing @entity1 managed expectantly to those requiring intervention, no difference was seen in median @entity5 size at presentation (2.2 vs. 2.2 cm), whereas significant differences in median age (74 vs. 65 y, P < 0.001), Charlson comorbidity score (3 vs. 2, P<0.001), and average LGR (0.23 vs. 0.49 cm/y, P < 0.001) were observed between groups. Following adjustment, for each 1-point increase in Nephrometry Score sum, the average @entity5 LGR increased by 0.037 cm/y (P = 0.002). Of the entire cohort, 6 @entity1 (1.7%) showed progression to @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The demonstrated association between anatomic @entity5 complexity at presentation and renal masses of LGR of clinical stage 1 under @entity3457 may afford a clinically useful cue to tailor individual @entity1 radiographic surveillance schedules and warrants further evaluation.

title: Is anatomic complexity associated with renal tumor growth kinetics under XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['active surveillance', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity3457 :: (OMIM:612348,Disease) :: ['active surveillance']


abstract: PURPOSE: Survivorship care plans (SCPs) have been suggested to reduce fragmentation of care experienced by @entity5 survivors. Acceptance of SCPs is high, but trials in the United States are few. This pilot study used a quasiexperimental design to examine the outcomes achieved by @entity0 survivors receiving a standardized @entity17938 visit at one of seven comprehensive @entity5 centers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Outcomes were assessed before and again 3 months after delivery of an @entity17938 and included survivors' use of and satisfaction with SCPs, perceived knowledge about survivorship, and assessment of the quality and coordination of survivorship care. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-nine survivors of @entity0 completed baseline and follow-up measures and received a standardized @entity17938 visit. @entity1 most commonly used @entity17938 materials to make decisions about exercise (64%), which tests to receive and when (62%), and dietary changes (62%). Only 21% shared the @entity17938 with their primary care provider during that time. Satisfaction with the @entity17938 was high, with 90% of @entity1 reporting being at least satisfied with the @entity17938 . Perceived knowledge about survivorship improved after @entity17938 delivery, as did perceived care coordination and the provider's knowledge of the effects of @entity5 on survivors (all P < .001). Individuals closer to the time of diagnosis reported greater satisfaction with and use of SCPs. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates improvements in perceived knowledge and quality of survivorship care after receipt of a comprehensive @entity17938 . Survivors were satisfied with their @entity17938 , and those closer to diagnosis reported greater satisfaction with and use of the materials.

title: Outcomes and satisfaction after delivery of a XXXX survivorship care plan: results of a multicenter trial.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 is the most common complaint among @entity1 with @entity5 . Conventional treatment does not always relieve @entity5 satisfactorily. Therefore, many @entity1 with @entity5 have turned to complementary therapies to help them with their physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being. Massage therapy is increasingly used for symptom relief in @entity1 with @entity5 . The current study aimed to investigate by meta-analysis the effects of massage therapy for @entity5 @entity1 experiencing @entity158 . Nine electronic databases were systematically searched for studies published through August 2013 in English, Chinese, and Korean. Methodological quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Cochrane risk-of-bias scales. Twelve studies, including 559 @entity1 , were used in the meta-analysis. In 9 high-quality studies based on the PEDro scale (standardized mean difference, -1.24; 95% confidence interval, -1.72 to -0.75), we observed reduction in @entity5 after massage. Massage therapy significantly reduced @entity5 compared with no massage treatment or conventional care (standardized mean difference, -1.25; 95% confidence interval, -1.63 to -0.87). Our results indicate that massage is effective for the relief of @entity5 , especially for surgery-related @entity158 . Among the various types of massage, foot reflexology appeared to be more effective than body or aroma massage. Our meta-analysis indicated a beneficial effect of massage for relief of @entity5 . Further well-designed, large studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to be able to draw firmer conclusions regarding the effectiveness.

title: Meta-Analysis of Massage Therapy on Cancer XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer pain', 'cancer', 'cancer pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: @entity415 are cultivated in southwest Greenland without the use of pesticides and with limited crop rotation. Despite the fact that plant-pathogenic fungi are present, no severe-disease outbreaks have yet been observed. In this report, we document that a @entity415 soil at Inneruulalik in southern Greenland is suppressive against Rhizoctonia solani Ag3 and uncover the suppressive antifungal mechanism of a highly potent biocontrol bacterium, @entity11763 In5, isolated from the suppressive @entity415 soil. A combination of molecular genetics, genomics, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) revealed an antifungal genomic island in @entity11763 In5 encoding two nonribosomal peptides, nunamycin and nunapeptin, which are key components for the biocontrol activity by strain In5 in vitro and in soil microcosm experiments. Furthermore, complex microbial behaviors were highlighted. Whereas nunamycin was demonstrated to inhibit the mycelial growth of R.  solani Ag3, but not that of Pythium aphanidermatum, nunapeptin instead inhibited P.  aphanidermatum but not R.  solani Ag3. Moreover, the synthesis of nunamycin by @entity11763 In5 was inhibited in the presence of P.  aphanidermatum. Further characterization of the two peptides revealed nunamycin to be a monochlorinated 9-amino-acid cyclic lipopeptide with similarity to members of the syringomycin group, whereas nunapeptin was a 22-amino-acid cyclic lipopeptide with similarity to corpeptin and syringopeptin. IMPORTANCE: Crop rotation and systematic pest management are used to only a limited extent in Greenlandic @entity415 farming. Nonetheless, although plant-pathogenic fungi are present in the soil, the farmers do not experience major @entity66 outbreaks. Here, we show that a Greenlandic @entity415 soil is suppressive against Rhizoctonia solani, and we unravel the key biocontrol components for @entity11763 In5, one of the potent biocontrol bacteria isolated from this Greenlandic suppressive soil. Using a combination of molecular genetics, genomics, and microbial imaging mass spectrometry, we show that two cyclic lipopeptides, nunamycin and nunapeptin, are important for the biocontrol activity of @entity11763 In5 both in vitro and in microcosm assays. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the synthesis of nunamycin is repressed by the oomycete Pythium aphanidermatum. Overall, our report provides important insight into interkingdom interference between bacteria and fungi/oomycetes.

title: Nonribosomal Peptides, Key Biocontrol Components for XXXX In5, Isolated from a Greenlandic Suppressive Soil.

entities_list: @entity11763 :: ('294', 'Species') :: ['P.  fluorescens', 'Pseudomonas fluorescens']

entities_list: @entity415 :: ('4113', 'Species') :: ['potato', 'Potatoes']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['plant disease']

answer: @entity11763 :: (294,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas fluorescens']


abstract: Background. @entity955 (AF) is the most common form of @entity943 . Several trials have suggested that acupuncture may prevent AF. However, the efficacy of acupuncture for AF prevention has not been well investigated. Therefore, we designed a prospective, two-parallel-armed, @entity1 and assessor blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial to investigate acupuncture in persistent AF (ACU-AF). Methods. A total of 80 @entity1 will be randomly assigned to active acupuncture or sham acupuncture groups in a 1   :   1 ratio. Both groups will take the same antiarrhythmic medication during the study period. @entity1 will receive 10 sessions of acupuncture treatment once a week for 10 weeks. The primary endpoint is AF recurrence rate. Secondary endpoints are left atrium (LA) and left atrial appendage (LAA) changes in function and volume, and inflammatory biomarker changes. Ethics. This study protocol was approved by the institutional review boards (IRBs) of Kyung Hee University Hospital (number 1335-04). This trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov NCT02110537.

title: Acupuncture antiarrhythmic effects on drug refractory persistent XXXX : study protocol for a randomized, controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the application value of a @entity6044 ( @entity6044 ) in an ileal pouch-anal @entity254 , which is a novel procedure first performed in our hospital in 2008. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two males cases with @entity31 and one female with @entity1412 were treated with colorectal surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University since March 2010. The surgery was designed as total proctocolectomy with an ileal pouch-anal @entity254 and @entity6044 . The surgical plan and procedure was determined with the @entity1 after analyzing their hospitalized records and follow-up information. RESULTS: No operation-induced @entity204 or @entity834 occurred. One @entity1 had a persistent @entity221 and another @entity1 presented with postoperative urinary retention. The average time until @entity11634 occurred post- @entity6044 was 26 days, and the average time until the removal of the postoperative stomal tube was 46 days that healed well. CONCLUSIONS: An @entity6044 can effectively protect the @entity254 with a simple operation and avoid the second surgery. @entity1 with @entity31 require a two-stage operation, those who were in poor health and had a long history of hormone treatment even requiring a three-stage operation. However, a one- or two-stage operation could help alleviate @entity158 for @entity1 who require multiple surgeries and reduce economic burden.

title: Application of a @entity6044 in an ileal pouch-anal XXXX : a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity6044 :: ('MESH:D005596', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneously closed protective stoma', 'SCPS']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity11634 :: ('MESH:D005414', 'Disease') :: ['flatulence']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the application value of a @entity6044 ( @entity6044 ) in an ileal pouch-anal @entity254 , which is a novel procedure first performed in our hospital in 2008. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two males cases with @entity31 and one female with @entity1412 were treated with colorectal surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University since March 2010. The surgery was designed as total proctocolectomy with an ileal pouch-anal @entity254 and @entity6044 . The surgical plan and procedure was determined with the @entity1 after analyzing their hospitalized records and follow-up information. RESULTS: No operation-induced @entity204 or @entity834 occurred. One @entity1 had a persistent @entity221 and another @entity1 presented with postoperative urinary retention. The average time until @entity11634 occurred post- @entity6044 was 26 days, and the average time until the removal of the postoperative stomal tube was 46 days that healed well. CONCLUSIONS: An @entity6044 can effectively protect the @entity254 with a simple operation and avoid the second surgery. @entity1 with @entity31 require a two-stage operation, those who were in poor health and had a long history of hormone treatment even requiring a three-stage operation. However, a one- or two-stage operation could help alleviate @entity158 for @entity1 who require multiple surgeries and reduce economic burden.

title: Application of a XXXX in an ileal pouch-anal @entity254 : a preliminary study.

answer: @entity6044 :: (MESH:D005596,Disease) :: ['spontaneously closed protective stoma']


abstract: Introduction. Several laparoscopic treatment techniques were designed for improving the outcome over the last decade. The various techniques differ in their approach to the inguinal internal ring, suturing and knotting techniques, number of ports used in the procedures, and mode of dissection of the @entity547 sac. @entity1 and Surgical Technique. 90 @entity1 were subjected to surgery and they undergone two-port laparoscopic repair of @entity169 in @entity1 . Technique feasibility in relation to other modalities of repair was the aim of this work. 90 @entity1 including 75 males and 15 females underwent surgery. @entity547 in 55 cases was right-sided and in 15 left-sided. Two @entity1 had recurrent @entity547 following open @entity547 repair. 70 (77.7%) cases were suffering unilateral @entity547 and 20 (22.2%) @entity1 had @entity547 . Out of the 20 cases 5 cases were diagnosed by laparoscope (25%). The @entity1 ' median age was 18 months. The mean operative time for unilateral repairs was 15 to 20 minutes and bilateral was 21 to 30 minutes. There was no conversion. The complications were as follows: one case was recurrent @entity169 and the second was stitch sinus. Discussion. The results confirm the safety and efficacy of two ports laparoscopic @entity547 repair in @entity169 in relation to other modalities of treatment.

title: Two ports laparoscopic XXXX repair in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['right inguinal hernia', 'congenital inguinal hernia', 'inguinal hernia']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral hernia', 'Hernia', 'hernia']

answer: @entity169 :: (MESH:D006552,Disease) :: ['inguinal hernia']


abstract: Introduction. Several laparoscopic treatment techniques were designed for improving the outcome over the last decade. The various techniques differ in their approach to the inguinal internal ring, suturing and knotting techniques, number of ports used in the procedures, and mode of dissection of the @entity547 sac. @entity1 and Surgical Technique. 90 @entity1 were subjected to surgery and they undergone two-port laparoscopic repair of @entity169 in @entity1 . Technique feasibility in relation to other modalities of repair was the aim of this work. 90 @entity1 including 75 males and 15 females underwent surgery. @entity547 in 55 cases was right-sided and in 15 left-sided. Two @entity1 had recurrent @entity547 following open @entity547 repair. 70 (77.7%) cases were suffering unilateral @entity547 and 20 (22.2%) @entity1 had @entity547 . Out of the 20 cases 5 cases were diagnosed by laparoscope (25%). The @entity1 ' median age was 18 months. The mean operative time for unilateral repairs was 15 to 20 minutes and bilateral was 21 to 30 minutes. There was no conversion. The complications were as follows: one case was recurrent @entity169 and the second was stitch sinus. Discussion. The results confirm the safety and efficacy of two ports laparoscopic @entity547 repair in @entity169 in relation to other modalities of treatment.

title: Two ports laparoscopic @entity169 repair in XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The @entity7462 is produced by the epithelium of the ciliary body, a complex structure encircling the anterior segment of the eye. @entity7462 production occurs by active transport, but the mechanism of this process is not understood. To produce a preparation in which active transport can be investigated, we have attempted to prepare cultures suitable for measurements of ion and water flux. We have grown @entity95 ciliary body epithelial cells on permeable supports, coated with several extracellular matrix proteins. We then examined the ability of these proteins to promote the growth of a differentiated layer of epithelial cells. Non-pigmented and pigmented cells formed sheets of contiguous cells when grown on a variety of support media. The most successful substrate was a permeable support produced by @entity8038 with a mixture of collagen IV, laminin and heparan @entity597 . Under these conditions, cultures could be maintained for several months, but pigmented cell cultures did not develop a measurable transepithelial resistance (TER), and the TER of non-pigmented cell cultures was typically only 20-30 omega cm2. Much higher TERs exceeding 200 omega cm2 could be measured from non-pigmented cell cultures 3-5 days after plating, but these high values were unstable. Examination of the cultures with electron microscopy revealed that the cells were partially differentiated with the formation of a basal lamina and intercellular junctions. Labelling with a specific monoclonal antibody marker for tight junction protein (ZO-1) suggested that non-pigmented cell cultures showed extensive tight junction formation. The low TER of the non-pigmented cell cultures appears therefore not to be due to the lack of tight junctions but rather to the presence of spaces between cells.

title: Tissue culture of XXXX ciliary body epithelial cells on permeable supports.

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['aqueous humor', 'Aqueous humor']

entities_list: @entity8038 :: ('MESH:D058456', 'Disease') :: ['Falcon/Becton Dickinson coated']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: 1. The effects of the volatile anesthetics @entity4488 , @entity1508 , and @entity5161 on @entity1246 ( @entity1246 ) receptor-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) were studied in cultured @entity35 hippocampal neurons. The experimental concentrations of anesthetics were measured directly using gas chromatography. All three anesthetics increased the overall duration of IPSCs, measured as the time to half-decay (T1/2). Clinically effective concentrations of anesthetics [between 0.5 and 1.5 times MAC (minimum alveolar concentration)] produced between 100 and 400% increases in T1/2. These effects were fully reversible, and did not involve alterations in the reversal potential for the IPSC (EIPSC). 2. The decay of the IPSC was fitted as a sum of two exponential functions, yielding a fast component (tau fast = 20 ms), and a slow component (tau slow = 77 ms), such that the fast component accounted for 79% of the IPSC amplitude and 52% of the total charge transfer. All three anesthetics produced concentration-related @entity73 , while simultaneously decreasing the amplitude and charge transfer of the fast component. Thus T1/2 approximated tau fast under control conditions, but approximated tau slow in the presence of the anesthetics. 3. Varying the @entity460 chelating agents in the recording pipettes had no effect on the quality or magnitude of alterations in IPSC kinetics produced by @entity1508 , suggesting that variations in intracellular @entity460 levels are not required for the effect of @entity1508 on the time course of the IPSC. 4. The (+)-stereoisomer of @entity5161 produced greater increases in the duration of the IPSC than the (-)-isomer when applied at approximately equal concentrations, suggesting that there is a structurally selective site of interaction for @entity5161 that modulates the GABAA receptor. 5. These results suggest that the previously shown abilities of volatile anesthetics to potentiate responses to exogenously applied @entity1246 and to prolong the duration of @entity1246 -mediated synaptic inhibition may be due to an alteration in the gating kinetics of the GABAA receptor/channel complex. Prolongation of synaptic inhibition in the CNS is consistent with the physiological effects that accompany anesthesia and may contribute to the mechanism of anesthetic action.

title: Effects of volatile anesthetics on the kinetics of inhibitory postsynaptic currents in cultured XXXX hippocampal neurons.

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-aminobutyric acid', 'GABA']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['increases in the amplitude and charge transfer of the slow component']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity4488 :: ('MESH:D004737', 'Chemical') :: ['enflurane']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Activation of the vascular endothelium is thought to be an important facet of @entity32 , @entity715 , and @entity1333 . Activated endothelial cells express a number of immunologically relevant surface markers not expressed by normal endothelial cells. Many of these surface antigens are thought to augment adhesion reactions and migration. Our results show that endothelial activation may play a central role in the pathogenesis of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). Normal @entity1 central nervous system microvessels isolated from autopsy material do not express endothelial cell activation markers, including the adhesion proteins @entity4725 ( @entity4725 ) and endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 ( @entity4105 / @entity4105 ). They exhibit little to no constitutive expression of immunoreactive @entity2071 ( @entity2071 ) or the @entity10431 . Control microvessels exhibit no major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen. @entity15 microvessels express significant levels of MHC class II antigens, @entity2071 , @entity4725 , and @entity10431 . @entity4105 was expressed by 3 of 5 @entity15 brains tested. Histologically unaffected areas of @entity15 brain expressed less @entity4725 , @entity2071 , and @entity4105 than did microvessels from periplaque zones. However, MHC class II antigens and @entity10431 were increased in areas exhibiting little to no evidence of leukocyte infiltration. When microvessels were examined for dual expression of activation markers, we found that in periplaque areas, 50% of microvessels coexpressed HLA-DR and @entity4725 , 28% of microvessels coexpressed HLA-DR and @entity10431 , and 43% of microvessels coexpressed HLA-DR and @entity2071 .

title: Expression of immunologically relevant endothelial cell activation antigens on isolated central nervous system microvessels from @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity10431 :: ('5329', 'Gene') :: ['urokinase plasminogen activator receptor']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity4725 :: ('7412', 'Gene') :: ['vascular cell adhesion molecule-1', 'VCAM-1']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: Activation of the vascular endothelium is thought to be an important facet of @entity32 , @entity715 , and @entity1333 . Activated endothelial cells express a number of immunologically relevant surface markers not expressed by normal endothelial cells. Many of these surface antigens are thought to augment adhesion reactions and migration. Our results show that endothelial activation may play a central role in the pathogenesis of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). Normal @entity1 central nervous system microvessels isolated from autopsy material do not express endothelial cell activation markers, including the adhesion proteins @entity4725 ( @entity4725 ) and endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 ( @entity4105 / @entity4105 ). They exhibit little to no constitutive expression of immunoreactive @entity2071 ( @entity2071 ) or the @entity10431 . Control microvessels exhibit no major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen. @entity15 microvessels express significant levels of MHC class II antigens, @entity2071 , @entity4725 , and @entity10431 . @entity4105 was expressed by 3 of 5 @entity15 brains tested. Histologically unaffected areas of @entity15 brain expressed less @entity4725 , @entity2071 , and @entity4105 than did microvessels from periplaque zones. However, MHC class II antigens and @entity10431 were increased in areas exhibiting little to no evidence of leukocyte infiltration. When microvessels were examined for dual expression of activation markers, we found that in periplaque areas, 50% of microvessels coexpressed HLA-DR and @entity4725 , 28% of microvessels coexpressed HLA-DR and @entity10431 , and 43% of microvessels coexpressed HLA-DR and @entity2071 .

title: Expression of immunologically relevant endothelial cell activation antigens on isolated central nervous system microvessels from XXXX with @entity15 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity56 are an important health problem for @entity1 and adults. It is important to know how @entity56 develop and remit from infancy to adolescence. Early intervention is effective in treating @entity56 . OBJECTIVE: We performed a large-scale questionnaire survey of high school students in Fukui Prefecture, Japan, and analyzed the factors associated with the development and remission of @entity56 . METHODS: A total of 21,802 students participated in the epidemiologic survey, and the valid response rate was 89.3% (19,461). We applied an inverse probability weighting method with propensity scores. RESULTS: The present prevalence rate of @entity2023 ( @entity2023 ) was 19.2%. The remission rate of @entity2023 was 15.3%. Only @entity1 and firstborns had a significantly higher risk of developing symptoms of @entity56 [only @entity1 : @entity2023 , 1.37; @entity565 ( @entity565 ), 1.30; @entity5419 ( @entity5419 ), 1.33 and firstborn: @entity2023 , 1.38; @entity565 , 1.10]. Constipation was an associated factor for development of @entity483 ( @entity483 ) (1.17) and @entity2023 (1.17), regular intake of @entity880 bacteria was not an associated factor for development of @entity56 but was a factor for remission of @entity483 (1.22). @entity3797 was an associated factor for development of @entity483 (1.25). High academic performance was an associated factor for development of @entity2023 (1.20) but was a negative factor for development of @entity565 (0.89). The values in parentheses are significant adjusted odds ratios. CONCLUSION: This epidemiologic survey showed that the hygiene hypothesis and intestinal bacterial flora might influence the development of symptoms and remission of @entity56 .

title: Factors associated with the development and remission of XXXX in an epidemiological survey of high school students in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['AR', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy', 'FA']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['BA', 'bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'Allergic diseases']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity3797 :: ('MESH:D007007', 'Disease') :: ['Hypohidrosis']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic diseases']


abstract: @entity172 receptor (ER) content in @entity0 specimens is correlated with a prolonged disease free survival and increased likelihood of response to hormone therapy. Relatively few anti-ER antibodies are currently available for use in @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded tissue. Recently, a new anti-ER monoclonal antibody (ERID5; AMAC, Westbrook, Maine) was generated which requires antigen retrieval by microwave oven heating for detection in routinely processed tissue. The specific aim of this study was to compare the ERID5 antibody with the commercially available rat monoclonal (ER-ICA; Abbott, Chicago, IL) which requires proteolytic enzyme digestion for detection in paraffin-embedded tissue. Sections from 20 cases of primary @entity0 previously assayed by dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) analysis were examined. Quantitation of ER antibody staining was performed without knowledge of the DCC values. Specimens containing > or = 20% specifically stained malignant cells were considered ER positive. The sensitivity and specificity of visual ER-ICA immunostaining were 57% and 83%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of visual ERID5 immunostaining were 93% and 50%, respectively. The predictive value of positive staining was 89% for the ER-ICA antibody and 81% for the ERID5 antibody. The predictive value of negative staining was 45% for the ER-ICA antibody and 75% for the ERID5 antibody. Previous studies have demonstrated a linear correlation between DCC values and the positive nuclear area (PNA) generated by image analysis for ER-ICA immunostaining. In the present study, a similar correlation between DCC value and ERID5 percentage PNA was observed (R = 0.670; P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Comparison of two antibodies for evaluation of XXXX receptors in paraffin-embedded tumors.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: The thymic stromal network is complex and heterogeneous, containing thymic epithelial cells which are thought to play an important role during T-cell development and thymic fibroblasts which role is less defined. We herein present a phenotypic and functional comparison between defined thymic stromal cell populations. We transfected SV40 ori- into fetal and postnatal thymic stromal cell cultures and obtained SV40-immortalized clones of epithelial and fibroblastic nature as demonstrated by expression of intracellular keratin. These various clones were characterized in detail and compared to their untransfected bulk culture counterparts for phenotype, cytokine gene expression and cytokine production. All the different thymic stromal cells examined, constitutively expressed @entity2071 , @entity7937 , MHC class I antigens, @entity1759 , and the genes coding for @entity6977 , @entity6826 and TGF-beta, but not @entity310 . After @entity1192 stimulation, epithelial cells seemed to produce more @entity2841 than fibroblasts, and that trend was also seen for @entity650 secretion. SV40 cells were also regulated by @entity379 which induced MHC class II antigens and inhibited the @entity1192 induced @entity2841 production. SV40 cells differed from their untransfected counterparts by an atypical expression of @entity2936 and lacked constitutive @entity1192 gene expression. We isolated clones with distinct properties, 24SV48, a highly proliferative @entity2280 positive TEC secreting low levels of @entity2841 and lacking constitutive @entity1192 and beta gene expression, and CT1SV93, an epithelial clone of postnatal origin with a high @entity1192 -induced cytokine production. In spite of differences with untransfected bulk cultures, the various SV40 immortalized clones may represent useful tools to further study the @entity1 thymic stroma.

title: Untransfected and SV40-transfected fetal and postnatal XXXX thymic stromal cells. Analysis of phenotype, cytokine gene expression and cytokine production.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Exposure of @entity1 and animals to @entity3494 (As) is a global public health concern because As is widely distributed and associated with numerous adverse effects. As is a poisonous metalloid and @entity4447 ( @entity9188 ) is a form of As. Thus far, there have been very few reports on the inflammatory factor alterations of the gastrointestinal tract in birds exposed to @entity9188 . To investigate the possible correlation of @entity9188 with inflammatory injury induced by an @entity3494 -supplemented diet in birds, 72 1-day-old male Hy-line cocks were selected and randomly divided into four groups. They were fed with either a commercial diet or an @entity3494 -supplemented diet containing 7.5, 15, and 30  mg/kg @entity9188 . The experiment lasted for 90  days, and samples of gizzard, glandular stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and rectum were collected at days 30, 60, and 90 of the experiment period. The inflammation-related genes were determined, including NF-kB, @entity3623 , @entity2247 , @entity47626 , and @entity310 . The connection between @entity3494 dosage and inflammation-related genes was assessed. The content of @entity3623 ( @entity3623 ) was measured by Western blot of the samples. The results showed that @entity3494 supplementation increased the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes in the gastrointestinal tract of cocks at different time points (p   <   0.05). Moreover, the expression of the tissue and organ injury-related gene @entity3623 was upregulated (p   <   0.05). These data suggest that As induces the inflammatory response and may trigger digestive function regression of the gastrointestinal tract by affecting inflammation-related genes and @entity3623 in cocks. This study offers some information on the mechanism of gastrointestinal tract inflammatory injury and @entity3623 expression level alterations induced by arseniasis.

title: Inflammatory Factor Alterations in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Cocks Overexposed to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4447 :: ('MESH:C006632', 'Chemical') :: ['arsenic trioxide']

entities_list: @entity3623 :: ('4843', 'Gene') :: ['inducible NO synthase', 'iNOS']

answer: @entity4447 :: (MESH:C006632,Chemical) :: ['Arsenic Trioxide']