abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1823 are @entity5 that arise from extraadrenal chromaffin cells and most of them are asymptomatic presenting with painless mass. @entity1823 are mostly benign with good prognosis; however, they can present with @entity490 , palpable mass, or @entity101 episodes. Surgical resection is still the main treatment and necessary for histological assessment. CASE REPORT: A 41 year old female @entity1 presented with 6 months of @entity1277 , @entity353 , @entity425 and @entity1353 on exertion.. The @entity1 's initial blood examination showed marked @entity417 , reduced leukocyte count with @entity1398 and @entity2905 and a marked @entity1423 . The @entity1 was admitted for evaluation of her @entity3043 . Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 8*7*8cm sized mass closed to the pancreatic tail invading splenic hilum. A large mass was identified retroperitoneally, closed to the tail of pancreas with a splenic hilum invasion. Total mass resection and splenectomy was performed. DISCUSSION: Complete surgical excision is the treatment of @entity3506 as well as for recurrent or metastatic @entity5 . @entity1148 is a common cause of @entity1148 . Splenectomy was found to be one of the main causes of extreme reactive @entity1148 . @entity1148 is a predictable finding after splenectomy and management of the @entity1148 and prevention of complications should be initiated.

title: @entity1823 presenting with XXXX : A rare case with rare manifestation.

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['Reactive thrombocytosis', 'thrombocytosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathlessness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in the platelet count']

entities_list: @entity3506 :: ('MESH:D010236', 'Disease') :: ['choice for extra-adrenal paragangliomas']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['loss of appetite']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['Retroperitoneal paragangliomas', 'Paragangliomas']

entities_list: @entity3043 :: ('MESH:D010198', 'Disease') :: ['pancytopenia']

answer: @entity3043 :: (MESH:D010198,Disease) :: ['pancytopenia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1823 are @entity5 that arise from extraadrenal chromaffin cells and most of them are asymptomatic presenting with painless mass. @entity1823 are mostly benign with good prognosis; however, they can present with @entity490 , palpable mass, or @entity101 episodes. Surgical resection is still the main treatment and necessary for histological assessment. CASE REPORT: A 41 year old female @entity1 presented with 6 months of @entity1277 , @entity353 , @entity425 and @entity1353 on exertion.. The @entity1 's initial blood examination showed marked @entity417 , reduced leukocyte count with @entity1398 and @entity2905 and a marked @entity1423 . The @entity1 was admitted for evaluation of her @entity3043 . Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 8*7*8cm sized mass closed to the pancreatic tail invading splenic hilum. A large mass was identified retroperitoneally, closed to the tail of pancreas with a splenic hilum invasion. Total mass resection and splenectomy was performed. DISCUSSION: Complete surgical excision is the treatment of @entity3506 as well as for recurrent or metastatic @entity5 . @entity1148 is a common cause of @entity1148 . Splenectomy was found to be one of the main causes of extreme reactive @entity1148 . @entity1148 is a predictable finding after splenectomy and management of the @entity1148 and prevention of complications should be initiated.

title: XXXX presenting with @entity3043 : A rare case with rare manifestation.

answer: @entity1823 :: (MESH:D010235,Disease) :: ['Retroperitoneal paraganglioma']


abstract: Compliance with therapy is the single most important factor in @entity1534 ( @entity1534 ) eradication. Poorer levels of compliance with therapy are associated with significantly lower levels of eradication. Numerous factors can contribute to achieving good levels of compliance. These include the complexity and duration of treatment. It is also important that the physician is motivated to ensure eradication is confirmed and the @entity1 is sufficiently informed to empower him or her to achieve high levels of compliance. Compliance is also contingent on medication regimes that are simple, safe, tolerable and efficacious. The opportunity to improve compliance exists at every point of contact between the @entity1 and the medical services. Experts and opinion leaders in the field can play a role by ensuring that physicians are educated and motivated enough to encourage and support compliance with @entity1534 eradication therapy. Both @entity1 and physicians need to be aware of the importance of the bacterium in causing disease. The importance of the doctor- @entity1 relationship is paramount. Pragmatic strategies that may be of assistance may come in the form of polypills, combined Blister Packs, adjuvant therapies and modified release compounds. Colleagues such as pharmacists and nurse specialists can also play an important role and should be actively engaged. Structured aftercare and follow up offers the best chance for ensuring compliance and subsequent eradication of the @entity1534 pathogen.

title: Improving compliance with XXXX eradication therapy: when and how?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['helicobacter pylori']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Data on immunogenicity to adalimumab (ADL) therapy in @entity1 with @entity8787 is limited. We performed additional analyses on the Karmiris cohort using the homogeneous mobility shift assay (HMSA) focusing on the inter-relationship of serum ADL concentration, antibodies-to-adalimumab (ATA), inflammatory markers and sustained response. METHODS: 536 prospectively collected serum samples were available for analysis of ADL concentration and ATA using HMSA. We studied the role of week 4 serum ADL concentration and immunomodulator (IMM) use on ATA formation with a Cox proportional hazards model. Mixed model repeated measures analysis was performed to assess the independent effects of serum ADL concentration and ATA on @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) and response. RESULTS: ATA was detected in 20% of @entity1 after a median of 34 (12.4-60.5) weeks. ATA-positive samples correlated with lower serum ADL concentration (p<0.001). Cox regression modelling showed that week 4 ADL concentration of <5     g/mL significantly increased the future risk of ATA formation (HR=25.1; 95% CI 5.6 to 111.9; p=0.0002) and that IMM co-treatment prevented ATA formation (HR=0.23; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.86; p=0.0293). @entity2357 modelling showed a negative correlation between @entity1851 and ADL concentration (p=0.0001) and a positive one with ATA (p=0.0186). The model revealed that both lower serum ADL concentration and ATA were independently associated with future @entity1851 (p=0.0213 and p=0.0013 respectively). ATA positivity was associated with discontinuation of ADL because of loss or response (OR=3.04; 95% CI 1.039 to 9.093; p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS: ATA were detected in 20% of @entity1 . Risk of ATA formation increased with lower early serum ADL concentration and in @entity1 not on IMM. ATA and ADL were strongly associated with higher future @entity1851 level and discontinuation of ADL.

title: Antibodies to adalimumab are associated with future inflammation in Crohn's XXXX receiving maintenance adalimumab therapy: a post hoc analysis of the Karmiris trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Regression']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Programmed cell death is essential for plant development and stress adaptation. A detailed understanding of the signal transduction pathways that regulate plant programmed cell death requires identification of the underpinning protein networks. Here, we have used a protagonist and antagonist of programmed cell death triggered by @entity18639 as probes to identify key cell death regulatory proteins in @entity958 . Our hypothesis was that changes in the abundance of cell death-regulatory proteins induced by the protagonist should be blocked or attenuated by concurrent treatment with the antagonist. We focused on proteins present in the mobile phase of the extracellular matrix on the basis that they are important for cell-cell communications during growth and stress-adaptive responses. @entity3785 , a plant hormone that promotes programmed cell death, and exogenous @entity855 , which can block @entity18639 -induced cell death, were used to treat @entity958 cell suspension cultures prior to isobaric-tagged relative and absolute quantitation analysis of secreted proteins. A total of 33 proteins, whose response to @entity3785 was suppressed by @entity855 , were identified as putative cell death-regulatory proteins. Among these was CYCLASE1, which was selected for further analysis using reverse genetics. Plants in which CYCLASE1 gene expression was knocked out by insertion of a transfer-DNA sequence manifested dramatically increased cell death when exposed to @entity18639 or a bacterial pathogen that triggers the @entity66 . Although pathogen inoculation altered CYCLASE1 gene expression, multiplication of bacterial pathogens was indistinguishable between wildtype and CYCLASE1 knockout plants. However, remarkably severe @entity24194 symptoms developed on gene knockout plants in response to inoculation with either a virulent bacterial pathogen or a disabled mutant that is incapable of causing disease in wildtype plants. These results show that CYCLASE1, which had no known function hitherto, is a negative regulator of cell death and regulates pathogen-induced symptom development in @entity958 .

title: A novel function for XXXX CYCLASE1 in programmed cell death revealed by iTRAQ analysis of extracellular matrix proteins.

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid', 'Salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['defensive hypersensitive cell death']

entities_list: @entity18639 :: ('MESH:C056933', 'Chemical') :: ['fumonisin B1']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are among the most frequent targets of therapeutic drugs. With the avalanche of newly generated protein sequences in the post genomic age, to expedite the process of drug discovery, it is highly desirable to develop an automated method to rapidly identify GPCRs and their types. A new predictor was developed by hybridizing two different modes of pseudo- @entity535 composition (PseAAC): the functional domain PseAAC and the low-frequency Fourier spectrum PseAAC. The new predictor is called GPCR-2L, where "2L" means that it is a two-layer predictor: the 1st layer prediction engine is to identify a query protein as GPCR or not; if it is, the prediction will be automatically continued to further identify it as belonging to one of the following six types: (1) rhodopsin-like (Class A), (2) secretin-like (Class B), (3) metabotropic @entity2227 / @entity5681 (Class C), (4) fungal @entity5681 (Class D), (5) @entity268 receptor (Class E), or (6) frizzled/smoothened family (Class F). The overall success rate of GPCR-2L in identifying proteins as GPCRs or non-GPCRs is over 97.2%, while identifying GPCRs among their six types is over 97.8%. Such high success rates were derived by the rigorous jackknife cross-validation on a stringent benchmark dataset, in which none of the included proteins had >= 40% pairwise sequence identity to any other protein in a same subset. As a user-friendly web-server, GPCR-2L is freely accessible to the public at http://icpr.jci.edu.cn/, by which one can obtain the 2-level results in about 20 s for a query protein sequence of 500 @entity1522 . The longer the sequence is, the more time it may usually need. The high success rates reported here indicate that it is a quite effective approach to identify GPCRs and their types with the functional domain information and the low-frequency Fourier spectrum analysis. It is anticipated that GPCR-2L may become a useful tool for both basic research and drug development in the areas related to GPCRs.

title: GPCR-2L: predicting G protein-coupled receptors and their types by hybridizing two different modes of pseudo XXXX compositions.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity5681 :: ('CHEBI:26013', 'Chemical') :: ['pheromone']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Breath tests for @entity3884 and/or @entity577 are used to detect small bowel @entity6124 (SBBO), but false-positive results can arise from clinical conditions that accelerate small bowel transit and deliver unabsorbed @entity413 to the colon. We investigated the prevalence of false-positive results from @entity413 breath tests by also evaluating @entity1 with scintigraphy. METHODS: In a retrospective study, we reviewed data from @entity413 breath tests performed with concurrent scintigraphy on 139 @entity1 with suspected SBBO at the Medical College of Wisconsin from January 2003 through July 2013. Results from breath tests were considered abnormal (positive) if there was an increasing curve of @entity3884 or @entity577 by >15 parts per million above baseline within 90 minutes. Scintigraphy was used to determine whether this increase occurred before or after the @entity413 bolus arrived at the cecum. Data from a subset of 45 @entity1 with prior upper gastrointestinal surgery were analyzed separately. RESULTS: Forty-six of the @entity1 (33%) had abnormal results from breath tests. On the basis of scintigraphy findings, 22 of these @entity1 (48%) had false-positive results, which were caused by colon fermentation of unabsorbed @entity413 . Colon fermentation caused false-positive results in 65% of @entity1 who had undergone upper gastrointestinal surgery and 13% of @entity1 without prior surgery. @entity1 with false-positive results caused by @entity694 had shorter mean oro-cecal transit times (18 minutes) compared with @entity1 with positive breath-test results because of SBBO (79 minutes) or negative results (86 minutes). CONCLUSIONS: Almost half of positive results from @entity413 breath tests are false because of @entity694 . All @entity1 with abnormal results from breath tests should be considered for @entity1353 testing with concurrent scintigraphy to distinguish SBBO from @entity694 . Most @entity1 who have undergone upper gastrointestinal surgery have abnormal results from breath tests and should be assessed by using concurrent scintigraphy with the initial breath test.

title: Scintigraphy Demonstrates High Rate of False-positive Results From @entity413 Breath Tests for Small Bowel XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['confirmatory repeat breath']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity6124 :: ('MESH:D001765', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial overgrowth']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic fermentation']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6124 :: (MESH:D001765,Disease) :: ['Bacterial Overgrowth']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Breath tests for @entity3884 and/or @entity577 are used to detect small bowel @entity6124 (SBBO), but false-positive results can arise from clinical conditions that accelerate small bowel transit and deliver unabsorbed @entity413 to the colon. We investigated the prevalence of false-positive results from @entity413 breath tests by also evaluating @entity1 with scintigraphy. METHODS: In a retrospective study, we reviewed data from @entity413 breath tests performed with concurrent scintigraphy on 139 @entity1 with suspected SBBO at the Medical College of Wisconsin from January 2003 through July 2013. Results from breath tests were considered abnormal (positive) if there was an increasing curve of @entity3884 or @entity577 by >15 parts per million above baseline within 90 minutes. Scintigraphy was used to determine whether this increase occurred before or after the @entity413 bolus arrived at the cecum. Data from a subset of 45 @entity1 with prior upper gastrointestinal surgery were analyzed separately. RESULTS: Forty-six of the @entity1 (33%) had abnormal results from breath tests. On the basis of scintigraphy findings, 22 of these @entity1 (48%) had false-positive results, which were caused by colon fermentation of unabsorbed @entity413 . Colon fermentation caused false-positive results in 65% of @entity1 who had undergone upper gastrointestinal surgery and 13% of @entity1 without prior surgery. @entity1 with false-positive results caused by @entity694 had shorter mean oro-cecal transit times (18 minutes) compared with @entity1 with positive breath-test results because of SBBO (79 minutes) or negative results (86 minutes). CONCLUSIONS: Almost half of positive results from @entity413 breath tests are false because of @entity694 . All @entity1 with abnormal results from breath tests should be considered for @entity1353 testing with concurrent scintigraphy to distinguish SBBO from @entity694 . Most @entity1 who have undergone upper gastrointestinal surgery have abnormal results from breath tests and should be assessed by using concurrent scintigraphy with the initial breath test.

title: Scintigraphy Demonstrates High Rate of False-positive Results From XXXX Breath Tests for Small Bowel @entity6124 .

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A novel procedure comprising ultrasonic-assisted dynamic extraction (UADE) coupled with two countercurrent-chromatography systems (parallel countercurrent chromatography, PCCC) was developed. This technique offers the possibility for simultaneous extraction, solvent configuration, purification, and isolation of target compounds. This new approach was applied to the fractionation and purification of @entity6400 from red clover. The two-phase solvent system was prepared by automating the equipment. The lower aqueous phase of the two-phase solvent system was used as the UADE solution and as the mobile phase for PCCC. After the extraction and purification steps, the purified sample was pumped into the countercurrent chromatography 1 (CCC1) column for the first isolation step. During CCC1 separation, the sample was enriched and purified and then pumped into the CCC2 column for the second isolation step. After completion of the first cycle of UADE-PCCC steps, the second-cycle experiments were performed. Using this sequence, five target compounds, @entity8139 , @entity72145 , @entity670 , @entity72146 , and maackiain, with >95.31  % purity were successfully extracted and isolated using the two-phase solvent system of @entity1045 - @entity1046 - @entity1068 -water (0.623:1.00:0.99:1.246, v/v). With this instrumental setup, scientific and systematic extraction and isolation of natural products was achieved, and this technique has great potential for industrial application.

title: Ultrasound-assisted dynamic extraction coupled with parallel countercurrent chromatography for simultaneous extraction, purification, and isolation of phytochemicals: application to XXXX from red clover.

entities_list: @entity8139 :: ('MESH:C004742', 'Chemical') :: ['daidzein']

entities_list: @entity1046 :: ('MESH:C007650', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['genistein']

entities_list: @entity6400 :: ('MESH:D007529', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavones']

answer: @entity6400 :: (MESH:D007529,Chemical) :: ['isoflavones']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity3611 has been defined as a mass composed of differentiated neuroectodermal tissue isolated from the spinal canal or cranial cavity and remains rare. This lesion has to be considered in the differential diagnosis among newborn @entity1 with classical symptoms of @entity649 , neck mass and feeding difficulties. We present a rare case of extensive parapharyngeal and skull base @entity3611 in 6-month-old @entity1 who presented respiratory and feeding obstruction at birth. CASE REPORT: a six-month-old @entity1 who presented upper respiratory and feeding obstruction at birth and was using tracheostomy and @entity5274 was referred to our institution. Complete surgical excision of the mass consisted of a transcervical-transparotid approach with extension to the infratemporal fossa by means of a lateral transzygomatic incision, allowing preservation of all vital neurovascular structures. The anatomopathological examination showed a solid mass with nests of neural tissue, with some neurons embedded in poorly encapsulated fibrovascular stroma, without mitotic areas, and with presence of functioning choroid plexus in the immunohistochemistry assay. Neurovascular function was preserved, thus allowing postoperative decannulation and oral feeding. Despite the large size of the mass, the @entity1 has completed one year and six months of follow-up without complications or recurrence. @entity3611 needs to be considered in diagnosing @entity1224 . Surgical treatment is the best choice and should be performed on clinically stable @entity1 . An algorithm to guide the differential diagnosis and improve the treatment was proposed.

title: Extensive parapharyngeal and skull base XXXX ; a challenge for differential diagnosis and treatment: case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'infants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['gastrostomy tubes']

entities_list: @entity3611 :: ('MESH:C563268', 'Disease') :: ['Neuroglial ectopia', 'neuroglial ectopia']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction among newborns']

answer: @entity3611 :: (MESH:C563268,Disease) :: ['neuroglial ectopia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the establishment of effective medical therapies in @entity10189 , @entity1084 remains one of the most common health problem in Tunisia. Various operations have been attempted, which may lead to postoperative morbidity. @entity344 is the most common complications. AIM: to determine the predictive factor of @entity344 after gastrojejunostomy for @entity10189 . METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study to evaluate the postoperative recovery of the motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract after gastrojejunostomy for @entity10189 . During the 9- year study, 138 @entity1 underwent operations for @entity10189 . Among the @entity1 , 116 (84,1%) were treated with gastrojejunostomy. Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: The mean age of @entity1 was 47.85 years (range: 19- 92years) and most. Were male (84, 5 %). Ninety two (79.3%) @entity1 had a documented history of @entity10189 . The duration of symptoms ranged from 10 to 372 days (mean: 135.86 days). Eighty two (71%) @entity1 were operated on through laparotomy. Laparoscopic procedure was performed in 29% of the @entity1 . There was no operative mortality. Perioperative morbidity occurred in 12.4% (14 @entity1 ). @entity344 occurred in 12 @entity1 (10.3%). It was treated by nasogastric aspiration and prokinetics. By univariate analysis; @entity6 (0,010), @entity3085 (0,049), ASA class (0.05) were all statistically associated with @entity344 in this series. Multivariate logistic regression analysis (table 2) showed that the @entity3085 (0,009), ASA class (0.02) were the main predictors of @entity344 after gastrojejunostomy for @entity10189 in the followed @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity344 is the most common complications after gastrojejunostomy for pyloric adult stenosis. Surgery must be preceded by careful medical preparation. It is more likely to occur in @entity1 with an ASA class 2 or greater. Those @entity1 should be considered for other treatment options, such as @entity384 .

title: Predictive factors of Gastrointestinal motility Dysfunction after gastrojejunostomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease', 'peptic ulcer stenosis', 'ulcer peptic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrointestinal (GI) motility dysfunction', 'gastrointestinal motility dysfunction', 'Gastrointestinal motility dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1084 :: ('MESH:D017219', 'Disease') :: ['gastric outlet obstruction']

answer: @entity10189 :: (MESH:D010437,Disease) :: ['peptic ulcer stenosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity751 is characterised by a sense of unreality about the self [depersonalization (DP)] and/or the outside world [derealization (DR)]. Prevalence estimates vary widely. Little is known about childhood antecedents of the disorder although @entity734 is thought to play a role. METHODS: Longitudinal data from 3,275 @entity1 of a UK population-based birth cohort (the MRC National Survey of Health and Development) were used to: (1) assess the prevalence of @entity751 at age 36, measured by the Present State Examination (PSE); and (2) examine the effects of a range of socio-demographic, childhood adversity and emotional responses as potential risk factors for DP. RESULTS: Thirty three survey members were classified with DP, yielding a prevalence of 0.95% [95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.56-1.34]. There were no associations with socio-economic status, parental @entity204 or divorce; self-reported accidents, @entity308 , tendency to daydream or reactions to criticism. However, teacher-estimated childhood @entity148 was a strong independent predictor of adult depersonalization, and there were strong cross-sectional relationships between DP and @entity148 and @entity308 caseness. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this is the first study assessing nationwide prevalence of the @entity751 and uses longitudinal data to explore childhood risk factors for adult DP. The prevalence of adult DP was slightly lower than reported by other surveys. The study found that childhood @entity148 was the only significant predictor of the adult @entity751 , supporting the view that depersonalisation disorder forms part of the spectrum of responses to @entity148 .

title: Prevalence and childhood antecedents of XXXX in a UK birth cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'childhood depression']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['DP syndrome', 'Depersonalization syndrome']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['emotional abuse']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['depersonalization syndrome']


abstract: RATIONALE: Response inhibition, a primary symptom of many @entity146 , is mediated through a complex neuropharmacological network that involves @entity935 , @entity750 , @entity2227 , @entity1063 , and cannabinoid mechanisms. Recently, we identified an opioidergic contribution to response inhibition by showing that deletion of mu or delta opioid receptors in @entity19 alters motor impulsivity. OBJECTIVES: We investigated this phenomenon further by testing whether pharmacological activation of opioid receptors disrupts the ability to inhibit a motor response. METHODS: Long-Evans @entity35 were trained to withhold a lever-pressing response for @entity969 until a discriminative stimulus (lever light) was presented. The delay to the discriminative stimulus (1 to 60  s) was varied, so animals could not predict, on any given trial, the length of the pre-response phase. Motor impulsivity was assessed as the inability to inhibit lever pressing prior to the discriminative stimulus. @entity35 were tested following an injection of the mu opioid receptor agonist @entity1286 (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10  mg/kg) or the delta receptor agonist @entity13847 (0, 2.5, 5, or 10  mg/kg). RESULTS: @entity13847 (10  mg/kg) increased premature responses and locomotor activity, but had no effect on the speed of responding or non-reinforced presses. The @entity13847 -induced decrease in accuracy was blocked by the delta opioid receptor antagonist @entity5172 . @entity1286 had no effect on accuracy but increased locomotor activity (2  mg/kg). CONCLUSIONS: These findings point to a role for delta, but not mu, opioid receptors in disinhibition as measured in the response inhibition task. The results appear to contradict those of previous opioid receptor deletion studies; possible sources of these discrepant results are discussed.

title: Effects of delta opioid receptors activation on a response inhibition task in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity5172 :: ('MESH:C055382', 'Chemical') :: ['naltrindole']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine', 'Morphine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Left upper division segmentectomy is one of the major pulmonary procedures; however, it is sometimes difficult to completely dissect interlobar lymph nodes. We attempted to clarify the prognostic importance of hilar and mediastinal nodes, especially of interlobar lymph nodes, in @entity1 with primary @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) located in the left upper division. METHODS: We retrospectively studied @entity1 with primary @entity1149 undergoing surgical pulmonary resection (at least lobectomy) with radical lymphadenectomy. The representative evaluation of therapeutic value from the lymph node dissection was determined using Sasako's method. This analysis was calculated by multiplying the frequency of @entity3 to the station and the 5-year survival rate of the @entity1 with @entity3 to the station. RESULTS: We enrolled 417 @entity1 (237 @entity1 , 180 @entity1 ). @entity5 were located in the lingular lobe and at the upper division of left upper lobe in 69 and 348 @entity1 , respectively. The pathological nodal statuses were pN0 in 263 @entity1 , @entity3121 in 70 @entity1 , and @entity477 in 84 @entity1 . Lymph nodes #11 and #7 were significantly correlated with differences in node involvement in @entity1 with @entity1149 . Among those with left upper division @entity1149 , the 5-year overall survival in @entity3121 was 31.5% for #10, 39.3% for #11, and 50.4% for #12U. The involvement of node #11 was 1.89-fold higher in the anterior segment than that in the apicoposterior segment. The therapeutic index of estimated benefit from lymph node dissection for #11 was 3.38, #4L was 1.93, and the aortopulmonary window was 4.86 in primary left upper division @entity1149 . CONCLUSIONS: Interlobar node involvement is not rare in left upper division @entity1149 , occurring in >20% cases. Furthermore, dissection of interlobar nodes was found to be beneficial in @entity1 with left upper division @entity1149 .

title: Lymph Node XXXX and Prognosis in Left Upper Division Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers: The Impact of Interlobar Lymph Node @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer', 'left upper lobe NSCLC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Left upper division segmentectomy is one of the major pulmonary procedures; however, it is sometimes difficult to completely dissect interlobar lymph nodes. We attempted to clarify the prognostic importance of hilar and mediastinal nodes, especially of interlobar lymph nodes, in @entity1 with primary @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) located in the left upper division. METHODS: We retrospectively studied @entity1 with primary @entity1149 undergoing surgical pulmonary resection (at least lobectomy) with radical lymphadenectomy. The representative evaluation of therapeutic value from the lymph node dissection was determined using Sasako's method. This analysis was calculated by multiplying the frequency of @entity3 to the station and the 5-year survival rate of the @entity1 with @entity3 to the station. RESULTS: We enrolled 417 @entity1 (237 @entity1 , 180 @entity1 ). @entity5 were located in the lingular lobe and at the upper division of left upper lobe in 69 and 348 @entity1 , respectively. The pathological nodal statuses were pN0 in 263 @entity1 , @entity3121 in 70 @entity1 , and @entity477 in 84 @entity1 . Lymph nodes #11 and #7 were significantly correlated with differences in node involvement in @entity1 with @entity1149 . Among those with left upper division @entity1149 , the 5-year overall survival in @entity3121 was 31.5% for #10, 39.3% for #11, and 50.4% for #12U. The involvement of node #11 was 1.89-fold higher in the anterior segment than that in the apicoposterior segment. The therapeutic index of estimated benefit from lymph node dissection for #11 was 3.38, #4L was 1.93, and the aortopulmonary window was 4.86 in primary left upper division @entity1149 . CONCLUSIONS: Interlobar node involvement is not rare in left upper division @entity1149 , occurring in >20% cases. Furthermore, dissection of interlobar nodes was found to be beneficial in @entity1 with left upper division @entity1149 .

title: Lymph Node @entity3 and Prognosis in Left Upper Division Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers: The Impact of Interlobar Lymph Node XXXX .

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Metastasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic resection is considered the treatment of choice for @entity356 . Occasionally, it is necessary to perform an intraoperative gastroscopy to localize the lesion. There are no data in the literature addressing the factors that can predict when a combined laparoscopic-endoscopic approach will be needed. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study using a prospectively collected database was conducted. From January 2005 to December 2013, all the @entity1 undergoing a laparoscopic gastric resection for @entity5 irresectable by endoscopy were reviewed. Potential predictive factors for the need of an intraoperative endoscopy were analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty-eight consecutive @entity1 (22 @entity1 and 16 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 67 (41-86) years underwent laparoscopic gastric resection for @entity5 . Fourteen (36.8  %) @entity1 required intraoperative endoscopic assessment. The only significant factors related to the need of endoscopic assessment during surgery were @entity5 growth pattern (P  =  0.002) and size (P  =  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: An accurate description of @entity5 growth pattern and size by EUS is recommended in the preoperative assessment of @entity356 . Small @entity5 ( <=18  mm) with an intraluminal growth may need a combined endoscopic-assisted laparoscopic management.

title: Endoscopic-assisted laparoscopic resection for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'subepithelial tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric subepithelial tumors']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric subepithelial tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) reduce the frequency of relapses and accumulation of disability in @entity15 ( @entity15 ). Long-term persistence with treatment is important to optimize treatment benefit. This long-term, cohort study was conducted at the Calgary @entity15 Clinic. All consenting adults with relapsing-remitting @entity15 who started either @entity1638 (GA) or interferon-b 1a/1b ( @entity2391 ) between January 1st, 1996 and July 1st, 2011 were included. Follow-up continued to February 1st, 2014. Time-to-discontinuation of the initial and subsequently-prescribed DMTs (switches) was analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. Group differences were compared using log-rank tests and multivariable Cox regression models. Analysis included 1471 @entity1 ; 906 were initially prescribed GA and 565 were initially prescribed @entity2391 . Follow-up information was available for 87%; 29 (2%) were lost to follow-up and 160 (11%) moved from Southern Alberta while still using @entity15093 . Median time-to-discontinuation of all injectable DMTs was 11.1 years. @entity1 with greater disability at treatment initiation, those who started treatment before age 30, and those who started between 2006 and 2011 were more likely to discontinue use of all injectable DMTs. Median time-to-discontinuation of the initial @entity15093 was 8.6 years. Those initially prescribed GA remained on treatment longer. Of 610 @entity1 who discontinued injectable @entity15093 , 331 (54%) started an oral @entity15093 , or a second-line @entity15093 , or resumed injectable @entity15093 after 90 days. Persistence with injectable DMTs was high in this long-term population-based study. Most @entity1 who discontinued injectable @entity15093 did not remain untreated. Further research is required to understand treatment outcomes and outcomes after stopping @entity15093 .

title: Long-Term Persistence with Injectable Therapy in Relapsing-Remitting XXXX : An 18-Year Observational Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1638 :: ('MESH:C089995', 'Chemical') :: ['glatiramer acetate']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity560 status during prenatal brain development may influence risk of @entity71 ( @entity71 ) symptoms in childhood. However, there are no prospective studies addressing this hypothesis. We aimed to examine whether maternal @entity560 status in pregnancy is associated with risk of @entity71 -like symptoms in offspring. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study analyzing data from 1,650 mother- @entity1 pairs from five birth cohorts embedded in the INMA Project (Spain, 1997-2008). Maternal @entity560 status in pregnancy was estimated by measuring plasma concentration of @entity14951 [ @entity14282 ] at 13 weeks of gestation. @entity1 were assessed by teachers for @entity71 -like symptoms at ages 4-5 years using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders @entity71 form list. RESULTS: After adjustment, the number of total @entity71 -like symptoms in @entity1 decreased by 11% per 10   ng/ml increment of maternal @entity14282 concentration (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.80, 0.98). Similarly, the number of symptoms in the @entity71 subscales decreased in relation to higher maternal @entity14282 concentration (IRR per 10   ng/ml increment = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.79, 0.99 for the inattention scale; and IRR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.78, 0.99 for the @entity2915 -impulsivity scale). Using diagnostic criteria, we found an association of increasing maternal @entity14282 with a lower risk of @entity71 DSM-IV (relative risk ratio per 10   ng/ml increment = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.72, 1.06) and ICD-10 @entity71 (relative risk ratio = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.49, 1.04) in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Higher maternal circulating levels of @entity14282 in pregnancy are associated with lower risk of developing @entity71 -like symptoms in childhood.

title: XXXX in Pregnancy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-like Symptoms in Childhood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder', 'hyperkinetic disorder']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity14951 :: ('MESH:D002112', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxyvitamin D3']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D', 'Vitamin D']

answer: @entity560 :: (MESH:D014807,Chemical) :: ['Vitamin D']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with FIGO stage @entity43 have a poor but non-uniform prognosis. This study aimed to compare the survival of @entity1 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and clear cell or mucinous @entity5 (non- @entity5 ). METHODS: Data for 223 @entity1 who underwent surgery between 1987 and 2010 and were diagnosed by centralized pathology review and were retrospectively analysed. The @entity1 included 169 with @entity5 @entity5 and 54 with non- @entity5 @entity5 . RESULTS: The median overall survivals (OSs) of the @entity5 and non- @entity5 groups were 3.1 and 0.9 years, respectively (P<0.001). Six @entity1 (2.7%), all with non- @entity5 @entity5 , died within 6 weeks after the initial surgery. Multivariate OS analysis revealed that performance status, @entity41 , metastatic sites, no debulking surgery, and non- @entity5 @entity5 were independent poor prognostic factors. For @entity1 with non- @entity5 @entity5 , prognosis was more favourable for single-organ @entity3 , except for liver or distant lymph nodes, no @entity41 , and resection of @entity3 (median OS: 4.1, 4.6, and 2.6 years, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity43 , non- @entity5 @entity5 are associated with a significantly poorer prognosis and higher rates of early mortality compared to @entity5 @entity5 . Therefore, careful management and development of new strategies are required.

title: Prognostic value of histological type in XXXX : a retrospective analysis of 223 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma', 'stage IV ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['S/E', 'tumours', 'serous or endometrioid tumours']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['stage IV ovarian carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with FIGO stage @entity43 have a poor but non-uniform prognosis. This study aimed to compare the survival of @entity1 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and clear cell or mucinous @entity5 (non- @entity5 ). METHODS: Data for 223 @entity1 who underwent surgery between 1987 and 2010 and were diagnosed by centralized pathology review and were retrospectively analysed. The @entity1 included 169 with @entity5 @entity5 and 54 with non- @entity5 @entity5 . RESULTS: The median overall survivals (OSs) of the @entity5 and non- @entity5 groups were 3.1 and 0.9 years, respectively (P<0.001). Six @entity1 (2.7%), all with non- @entity5 @entity5 , died within 6 weeks after the initial surgery. Multivariate OS analysis revealed that performance status, @entity41 , metastatic sites, no debulking surgery, and non- @entity5 @entity5 were independent poor prognostic factors. For @entity1 with non- @entity5 @entity5 , prognosis was more favourable for single-organ @entity3 , except for liver or distant lymph nodes, no @entity41 , and resection of @entity3 (median OS: 4.1, 4.6, and 2.6 years, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity43 , non- @entity5 @entity5 are associated with a significantly poorer prognosis and higher rates of early mortality compared to @entity5 @entity5 . Therefore, careful management and development of new strategies are required.

title: Prognostic value of histological type in @entity43 : a retrospective analysis of 223 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor @entity993 (Kip)   is downregulated in a majority of @entity1 @entity5 due to ectopic proteolysis by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. The expression of @entity993 is subject to multiple mechanisms of control involving several transcription factors, kinase pathways and at least three different ubiquitin ligases (SCF(SKP)  , KPC, @entity31137 ), which regulate @entity993 transcription, translation, protein stability and subcellular localization. Using a chemical genetics approach, we have asked whether this control network can be modulated by small molecules such that @entity993 protein expression is restored in @entity5 cells. RESULTS: We developed a cell-based assay for measuring the levels of endogenous nuclear @entity993 in a high throughput screening format employing @entity263 cells engineered to overexpress @entity20127 . The assay platform was optimized to Z' factors of 0.48 - 0.6 and piloted by screening a total of 7368 chemical compounds. During the course of this work, we discovered two small molecules of previously unknown biological activity, SMIP001 and SMIP004, which increase the nuclear level of @entity993 at low micromolar concentrations. SMIPs (small molecule inhibitors of @entity993 depletion) also upregulate @entity994 ( @entity23886 )  , inhibit cellular @entity15308 activity, induce G1 delay, inhibit colony formation in soft agar and exhibit preferential @entity137 in LNCaP cells relative to normal @entity1 fibroblasts. Unlike SMIP001, SMIP004 was found to downregulate @entity20127 and to stabilize @entity993 , although neither SMIP is a proteasome inhibitor. Whereas the screening endpoint - nuclear @entity993 - was robustly modulated by the compounds, SMIP-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were not strictly dependent on @entity993 and @entity994 - a finding that is explained by parallel inhibitory effects of SMIPs on positive cell cycle regulators, including cyclins E and A, and @entity8985 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide proof-of-principle that the screening platform we developed, using endogenous nuclear @entity993 as an endpoint, presents an effective means of identifying bioactive molecules with @entity5 selective antiproliferative activity. This approach, when applied to larger and more diverse sets of compounds with refined drug-like properties, bears the potential of revealing both unknown cellular pathways globally impinging on @entity993 and novel leads for chemotherapeutics targeting a prominent molecular defect of @entity1 @entity5 .

title: Chemical genetics approach to restoring p27Kip1 reveals novel compounds with antiproliferative activity in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['LNCaP prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Now the treatment of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) @entity1 with brain @entity3 is not a standard program. The aim of this study is to summarize the factors related to survival of @entity1 with brain metastases from @entity1149 . METHODS: A total of 111 @entity1149 @entity1 with brain metastases (from September 1995-May 2004) were defined as symptomatic group (37 @entity1 ) and asymptomatic group (74 @entity1 ) according to central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. The @entity1 in the symptomatic group were given whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT, DT 30-40Gy/20f) first, and then received @entity900 -based chemotherapy. The @entity1 in the asymptomatic group were given @entity900 -based chemotherapy first, and then received WBRT. During the treatment, 49 @entity1 received chemotherapy of BCNU or @entity2663 irregularly. RESULTS: The median survival time was 11 months. The 1-and 2-year survival rate was 40.79% and 13.26% respectively. The survival time was not significantly different between the symptomatic group and asymptomatic group. Median chemotherapy of asymptomatic group was 3 cycles (1-6 cycles) before WBRT. Those @entity1 who received 3 or 4 cycles of chemotherapy before WBRT had better survival (P= 0.0188 , P=0.0035). The treatment of BCNU or @entity2663 was a benefit factor for survival (P=0.0219) in asymptomatic group. The hematologic toxicity of grade III or IV was not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). The number of brain @entity3 (P=0.000), extracranial @entity3 (P=0.022) and WHO performance status (P=0.001) were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 with asymptomatic brain metastases receive 3-4 cycles of chemotherapy before WBRT may be reasonable. During the therapy, the @entity1 with administration of BCNU or @entity2663 may have survival benefit.

title: [Treatment and prognosis of brain metastases from XXXX : A retrospective study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Unruptured @entity438 (UIAs) are frequently detected in noninvasive imaging studies such as computed tomography angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). If small, UIAs are observed in these modalities in order to detect growth or shape change, but there are many questions about proper protocol of the follow-up. AIM: To assess changes of small (< 7 mm) UIAs dome size and shape in repeated CTA studies as predictors of growth and @entity397 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and ten UIAs (10 posterior circulation) in 70 @entity1 (55 @entity1 ) were observed, with a cumulative observation time of 333.32 years. @entity439 ' dome and neck perpendicular dimensions were measured in the first and the last CTA study at least twice with the developed application. Confidence intervals (CI) for measurements and dome shape parameters were calculated. For @entity439 ruptured during follow-up intermediate studies were analyzed. @entity1 ' clinical information was recorded. The @entity439 growth detection algorithm integrated CI and spatial resolution of the CT scanner. RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity439 increased in volume, 10 in height and 14 in dome width. Volume increased in 90% of cases of height and 93% of width increase. Posterior circulation @entity439 grew faster than anterior ones (p < 0.003), but calculated time to significant size increase (eT) did not differ between the groups due to higher CI in the posterior circulation. Analysis of eT with Kaplan-Meier curves showed that 75% of growing @entity439 could be detected in the first 3 years of observation. During the follow-up 3 @entity439 bled, and they grew faster than other growing @entity439 . Two of the bleeding @entity439 formed daughter sacs. CONCLUSIONS: Dome volume assessment is superior to single dimension assessment in @entity439 growth detection. Confidence intervals assessment helps to avoid overestimation of growth. Seventy-five percent of growing @entity439 could be detected in the first 3 years of observation. Daughter sac formation and fast increase in size are strong predictors of @entity1756 .

title: Changes of size and shape of small, unruptured XXXX in repeated computed tomography angiography studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'Aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of epidermal growth factor receptor- @entity4149 kinase inhibitor ( @entity470 -TKI) and @entity470 mutation frequency in advanced @entity1544 based on the data from our hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical data of 102 @entity1 with advanced @entity1544 who were admitted to Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2007 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analysis was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The @entity470 mutations were assessed in some of the @entity1 using the pyrosequencing assay. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 (8.8%) showed a partial response (PR), 28 (27.5%) achieved @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and 65 (63.7%) had @entity74 ( @entity74 ). The disease control rate was 36.3% and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 1.93 months (95% CI: 1.57-2.29). The PFS in @entity1 who obtained disease control in the prior TKI was 8.63 months and 1.37 months in the disease progression cases (p < 0.001). No statistical differences in PFS were observed between @entity4562 and @entity3866 (2.0 months vs. 1.87 months, p = 0.76). The @entity137 associated with @entity470 -TKI were generally acceptable. In 74 @entity1 with adequate specimens for molecular analysis, 4 (5.4%) had @entity470 mutations (2 with deletions within exon 19 and 2 with @entity9512 mutation in exon 21). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity470 - @entity4149 kinase inhibitor seems to be a potential therapeutic option for treatment of advanced @entity1544 @entity1 . @entity3866 and @entity4562 had a similar efficacy in advanced @entity1544 . The frequency of @entity470 mutation was about 5.4% in our single hospital data.

title: Efficacy of @entity4562 or @entity3866 in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib', 'Erlotinib']

answer: @entity1544 :: (MESH:D018307,Disease) :: ['squamous cell lung cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of epidermal growth factor receptor- @entity4149 kinase inhibitor ( @entity470 -TKI) and @entity470 mutation frequency in advanced @entity1544 based on the data from our hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical data of 102 @entity1 with advanced @entity1544 who were admitted to Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2007 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analysis was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The @entity470 mutations were assessed in some of the @entity1 using the pyrosequencing assay. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 (8.8%) showed a partial response (PR), 28 (27.5%) achieved @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and 65 (63.7%) had @entity74 ( @entity74 ). The disease control rate was 36.3% and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 1.93 months (95% CI: 1.57-2.29). The PFS in @entity1 who obtained disease control in the prior TKI was 8.63 months and 1.37 months in the disease progression cases (p < 0.001). No statistical differences in PFS were observed between @entity4562 and @entity3866 (2.0 months vs. 1.87 months, p = 0.76). The @entity137 associated with @entity470 -TKI were generally acceptable. In 74 @entity1 with adequate specimens for molecular analysis, 4 (5.4%) had @entity470 mutations (2 with deletions within exon 19 and 2 with @entity9512 mutation in exon 21). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity470 - @entity4149 kinase inhibitor seems to be a potential therapeutic option for treatment of advanced @entity1544 @entity1 . @entity3866 and @entity4562 had a similar efficacy in advanced @entity1544 . The frequency of @entity470 mutation was about 5.4% in our single hospital data.

title: Efficacy of @entity4562 or XXXX in @entity1 with @entity1544 .

answer: @entity3866 :: (MESH:C400278,Chemical) :: ['erlotinib']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of epidermal growth factor receptor- @entity4149 kinase inhibitor ( @entity470 -TKI) and @entity470 mutation frequency in advanced @entity1544 based on the data from our hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical data of 102 @entity1 with advanced @entity1544 who were admitted to Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2007 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analysis was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The @entity470 mutations were assessed in some of the @entity1 using the pyrosequencing assay. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 (8.8%) showed a partial response (PR), 28 (27.5%) achieved @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and 65 (63.7%) had @entity74 ( @entity74 ). The disease control rate was 36.3% and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 1.93 months (95% CI: 1.57-2.29). The PFS in @entity1 who obtained disease control in the prior TKI was 8.63 months and 1.37 months in the disease progression cases (p < 0.001). No statistical differences in PFS were observed between @entity4562 and @entity3866 (2.0 months vs. 1.87 months, p = 0.76). The @entity137 associated with @entity470 -TKI were generally acceptable. In 74 @entity1 with adequate specimens for molecular analysis, 4 (5.4%) had @entity470 mutations (2 with deletions within exon 19 and 2 with @entity9512 mutation in exon 21). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity470 - @entity4149 kinase inhibitor seems to be a potential therapeutic option for treatment of advanced @entity1544 @entity1 . @entity3866 and @entity4562 had a similar efficacy in advanced @entity1544 . The frequency of @entity470 mutation was about 5.4% in our single hospital data.

title: Efficacy of XXXX or @entity3866 in @entity1 with @entity1544 .

answer: @entity4562 :: (MESH:C419708,Chemical) :: ['gefitinib']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of epidermal growth factor receptor- @entity4149 kinase inhibitor ( @entity470 -TKI) and @entity470 mutation frequency in advanced @entity1544 based on the data from our hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical data of 102 @entity1 with advanced @entity1544 who were admitted to Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2007 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analysis was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The @entity470 mutations were assessed in some of the @entity1 using the pyrosequencing assay. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 (8.8%) showed a partial response (PR), 28 (27.5%) achieved @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and 65 (63.7%) had @entity74 ( @entity74 ). The disease control rate was 36.3% and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 1.93 months (95% CI: 1.57-2.29). The PFS in @entity1 who obtained disease control in the prior TKI was 8.63 months and 1.37 months in the disease progression cases (p < 0.001). No statistical differences in PFS were observed between @entity4562 and @entity3866 (2.0 months vs. 1.87 months, p = 0.76). The @entity137 associated with @entity470 -TKI were generally acceptable. In 74 @entity1 with adequate specimens for molecular analysis, 4 (5.4%) had @entity470 mutations (2 with deletions within exon 19 and 2 with @entity9512 mutation in exon 21). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity470 - @entity4149 kinase inhibitor seems to be a potential therapeutic option for treatment of advanced @entity1544 @entity1 . @entity3866 and @entity4562 had a similar efficacy in advanced @entity1544 . The frequency of @entity470 mutation was about 5.4% in our single hospital data.

title: Efficacy of @entity4562 or @entity3866 in XXXX with @entity1544 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The @entity1498 ( @entity1498 ) is rare in adulthood. Diagnosis is made by clinical suspicion and physical findings such as blood pressure difference between the upper and lower extremities, pulse delay in the femoral artery, and systolic murmur over the thoracic spine. The @entity1498 in adulthood and in @entity1 with associated @entity439 is challenging and different complications even with proper treatment can occur. Covered stents are indicated in concomitant @entity439 , older age, and @entity1498 . A 26-year-old male with resistant @entity101 due to a @entity1498 diagnosed by computed tomography angiography referred to our center for an attempted stent implantation. Cardiac catheterization and aortography revealed a long @entity1498 after the origin of the left subclavian artery with a 60 mmHg gradient. Moreover, there was a large @entity439 in the site of the @entity1498 . Under general anesthesia and fluoroscopic guidance, two balloon-expandable covered Cheatham- @entity902 stents (size 18 in 44 millimeters and size 18 in 50 millimeters) were successfully implanted across the @entity1498 with no residual gradient. On 2 years' follow-up, the @entity1 had no symptoms except for mild @entity101 . In this @entity1 , the use of a covered stent within the @entity439 was safe and effective.

title: Percutaneous treatment for XXXX with covered stenting: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation of the aorta', 'tight coarctation', 'coarctation', 'CoA']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['Platinum']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysmal coarctation of the aorta']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5123 is one of the most common @entity5 of the major salivary glands. It can also occur in the minor salivary glands, which exist in the nasal cavity. Intranasal @entity5123 usually originates from glands of the nasal septum mucosa. We present the results of endoscopic endonasal surgery of this pathology. The aim of the study was to present the endoscopic technique for nasal septum @entity5123 surgery. The retrospective examination of 3 @entity1 was performed. There were 2 @entity1 and 1 @entity1 . Age ranged from 15 to 46 years. All the @entity1 presented with nasal obstruction and occasional @entity1415 for at least for 6 months. We performed endoscopic surgery to remove the @entity5 . In all cases we dissected the septal perichondrium to achieved free margins of the @entity5 . The microscopic examination revealed an epithelial and @entity2483 with tubular structures composed of two cell layers, ducts, and a solid area found in a loose myxochondroid area. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining was performed using antibodies against cytokeratin, Ki-67, and @entity2277 . @entity1 ' postoperative course was uneventful, and no complications were encountered. No recurrence was present during @entity1 ' postoperative visits. Nasal benign @entity5123 is a rare @entity5 which should be taken into consideration in the nasal cavity during surgery. The correct histological diagnosis can be confirmed by additional histological studies. Endoscopic endonasal surgery is reserved for small @entity5 .

title: Rare benign XXXX of the nose: short study and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['myoepithelial component']

entities_list: @entity5123 :: ('MESH:D008949', 'Disease') :: ['Pleomorphic adenoma', 'pleomorphic adenoma']

answer: @entity5123 :: (MESH:D008949,Disease) :: ['pleomorphic adenoma']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. PURPOSE: To determine the role of routine preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect the incidence and risk factors for @entity154 in @entity1 with @entity2112 . OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: The incidence and risk factors for @entity154 in @entity1 with @entity2112 are controversial, and the indications for preoperative MRI in these @entity1 vary among centers. METHODS: Information on @entity1 with @entity2112 who were surgical candidates over 10 years (age at presentation, sex, magnitude and apex of major curve, @entity154 detected by MRI, and neurological examination results) were recorded, the @entity1 were grouped according to the @entity154 , and the data were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 271 @entity1 with @entity2112 , 27 had @entity854 (9.9%). Of these 27 @entity1 , 14 (52%) underwent a neurosurgical procedure. Significant differences were observed in the frequency of @entity66 onset and male sex (p<0.05) between the group of @entity1 with @entity854 on preoperative MRI and those who did not have a @entity602 . No difference was detected in the magnitude or direction of the curve. CONCLUSIONS: @entity854 in @entity1 with @entity2112 and a normal neurological examination were highly frequent (9.9%). Missing these abnormalities before surgery could inflict @entity260 . The incidence of @entity854 was higher in male @entity1 and in those with early onset disease. Thus, MRI is essential for all @entity1 with @entity2112 who require medical intervention.

title: The Role of Routine Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in XXXX : A Ten Years Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['intraspinal anomaly', 'intraspinal anomalies']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['early disease']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['cord anomaly']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['catastrophic postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['neuroaxial abnormalities', 'Neuroaxial abnormalities']

answer: @entity2112 :: (MESH:C564593,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic Scoliosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 subtype, determined by expression of @entity172 / @entity1420 receptor (ER/PR) and @entity1 @entity1722 , is predictive for prognosis. The importance of subtype to locoregional recurrence (LRR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is unknown, particularly after adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). METHODS: We retrospectively identified 160- @entity0 @entity1 registered at Columbia University Medical Center from 1999 to 2012 treated with NAC, surgery and adjuvant RT. RESULTS: @entity1 were grouped by receptor status: hormone receptor positive (HR+) [(ER or PR+)/ @entity1722 -; n  =  75], @entity1722 + (n  =  46), or triple-negative (TNBC) [ER (-) PR (-) @entity1722 (-); n  =  36]. The median follow-up was 28  months. 92.0% received an @entity5948 - @entity3907 based NAC and 80.4% of @entity1722 + @entity1 received trastuzumab. All underwent surgical resection followed by RT. 15.6% had a pathologic complete response (pCR): 26% of @entity1722 +, 5% of HR+, and 25% of @entity7443 . The actuarial rate of @entity3918 was 13.8% for the entire cohort, with equivalent rates by subtypes in non-pCR @entity1 . The overall rate of LRR was 8%. However, the LRR rate was significantly higher for TNBC @entity1 (22.2%) than @entity1722 + (5.6%) (p  =  0.025) or HR+ (3.0%) (p  =  0.037) in non-pCR group. In the pCR group, two @entity1 had recurrence; one LRR and one a @entity3918 , both had TNBC. All LRR occurred in or near the radiation field. CONCLUSIONS: TNBC @entity1 with  <  pCR to NAC have a significantly higher LRR rate as compared to other subtypes even with surgery and adjuvant RT. Our data support a need to further intensify local therapy in TNBC @entity1 .

title: Higher locoregional recurrence rate for triple-negative XXXX following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2', 'HER2']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Background. Acute @entity296 has been documented in experimental models of @entity63 -reperfusion @entity130 and is usually investigated by magnetic resonance imaging. Purpose. We describe a case of acute ventricular wall thickening documented by echocardiography in a @entity1 developing @entity295 and @entity9818 . Case Description. A 40-year-old @entity1 , with a history of mixed connective tissue disease, was admitted with @entity4 and @entity221 . She developed @entity328 @entity295 and @entity854 were consistent with a @entity9818 . Echocardiography revealed an impressive diffuse thickening of the whole myocardium (interventricular septum 18   mm; posterior wall 16   mm) with diffuse @entity2845 and markedly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (31%). There was also a moderate @entity2294 . Echocardiography was normal two months before. The @entity1 died from @entity712 . Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the heart suggested that the ventricular wall thickening was induced by oedematous changes, together with an excess of inflammatory cells. Conclusion. Acute ventricular wall thickening that corresponded to @entity296 as a first hypothesis was observed at echocardiography during the course of @entity295 complicated by @entity9818 .

title: Acute ventricular wall thickening: XXXX , @entity9818 , or myocarditis?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9818 :: ('MESH:D057049', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial oedema']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['acute heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal oedema']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinesia']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['subsequent laboratory abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury or sepsis']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: Background. Acute @entity296 has been documented in experimental models of @entity63 -reperfusion @entity130 and is usually investigated by magnetic resonance imaging. Purpose. We describe a case of acute ventricular wall thickening documented by echocardiography in a @entity1 developing @entity295 and @entity9818 . Case Description. A 40-year-old @entity1 , with a history of mixed connective tissue disease, was admitted with @entity4 and @entity221 . She developed @entity328 @entity295 and @entity854 were consistent with a @entity9818 . Echocardiography revealed an impressive diffuse thickening of the whole myocardium (interventricular septum 18   mm; posterior wall 16   mm) with diffuse @entity2845 and markedly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (31%). There was also a moderate @entity2294 . Echocardiography was normal two months before. The @entity1 died from @entity712 . Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the heart suggested that the ventricular wall thickening was induced by oedematous changes, together with an excess of inflammatory cells. Conclusion. Acute ventricular wall thickening that corresponded to @entity296 as a first hypothesis was observed at echocardiography during the course of @entity295 complicated by @entity9818 .

title: Acute ventricular wall thickening: @entity295 , XXXX , or myocarditis?

answer: @entity9818 :: (MESH:D057049,Disease) :: ['thrombotic microangiopathy']


abstract: A combined therapy approach to @entity2167 and middle ear has been developed. A technique of external canal resection and gross @entity5 removal from the middle ear, parotid gland, and superior cervical lymph nodes is followed by postoperative full-therapy irradiation. This combined approach has been used in 30 @entity1 with @entity5 involving the external auditory canal and temporal bone. The preoperative evaluation and surgical technique, including the intraoperative decision-making process, is described. Twenty-four @entity1 had @entity957 of the external auditory canal, and two @entity1 had @entity1491 . There was one @entity1 each with @entity2347 , @entity3981 , high grade @entity3975 , and a @entity2968 . This group of @entity1 was broken down into three groups based on the extent of disease as determined at surgery. Overall control of disease, both locally and distant, for the 30 @entity1 was 66%. There were 12 @entity1 with disease limited to the ear canal. These @entity1 had a 91% survival of this disease process. Seven @entity1 were determined to have limited extension beyond the ear canal. These were treated with combined therapy with an overall control of disease of 72%. Eleven @entity1 had @entity66 outside of middle ear into the carotid jugular spine, stylomastoid foramen, and skull base, with a survival rate of 45%. It is concluded that a step-wise removal of all gross @entity5 , as opposed to an en bloc dissection of the temporal bone and skull base, followed by full-therapy irradiation gives equally as good, or even better, long-term survival for this @entity2172 .

title: XXXX of the external ear canal and temporal bone: surgical techniques and results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy of the external auditory canal and middle ear']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['extensive disease']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies of the external auditory canal']

entities_list: @entity3975 :: ('MESH:D018277', 'Disease') :: ['mucoepidermoid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenocystic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2968 :: ('MESH:D018212', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell tumor of bone']

entities_list: @entity3981 :: ('MESH:D018267', 'Disease') :: ['acinic cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Malignancies']


abstract: @entity4094 ( @entity4094 ) account for a significant proportion of @entity1 and childhood mortality and devastating @entity102 . Determining the specific diagnosis of @entity4094 is challenging due to thousands of unique or rare genetic variants that result in overlapping phenotypes. We present four unique childhood @entity121 cases characterized by relatively mild @entity425 , slowly progressing course, mildly elevated @entity908 phosphokinase (CPK), and @entity1159 . We also present two additional cases characterized by severe prenatal/neonatal @entity121 . Prior extensive genetic testing and histology of these cases did not reveal the genetic etiology of disease. Here, we applied whole exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics to identify likely causal pathogenic variants in each pedigree. In two cases, we identified novel pathogenic variants in @entity15317 . In a third case, we identified novel likely pathogenic variants in @entity72147 and @entity15317 . We identified a novel splice variant in EMD in a fourth case. Finally, we classify two cases as @entity460 channelopathies with identification of novel pathogenic variants in @entity13868 and @entity38695 . These are the first cases of @entity121 reported to be caused by variants in @entity72147 and @entity38695 . Our results demonstrate the utility and genetic diagnostic value of WES in the broad class of @entity4094 phenotypes.

title: Novel pathogenic variants and genes for XXXX identified by whole exome sequencing.

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['Neuromuscular diseases', 'NMD']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contractures']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy', 'myopathies']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['myopathies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Quality of life @entity162 (QoL. @entity2403 ) Questionnaire specifically measures quality of life in @entity1 with @entity162 . AIM: To adapt a version translated into Spanish of the questionnaire and assess its validity in Chilean @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The QoL. @entity2403 was adapted to the Chilean population through the back-translation method and then administered to 32 adult @entity1 with a @entity162 and 31 subjects without the disease, both groups with similar socioeconomic status. To confirm the diagnosis, the International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), Young (YMRS) and Hamilton (HAM-D) scales were applied. Quality of life was assessed using the SF-36v.2 survey. We determined internal consistency, reliability, convergent validity, the cut-off point, and the sensibility and specificity of the scale. RESULTS: The Chilean version of the Questionnaire [QoL. @entity2403 -CL] had a high reliability (a = 0.95) and a high validity in reference to external criteria (correlation coefficients with SF-36 ranging from 0.453 and 0.819; p < 0.01). A cut-off point of 170, with sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity of 80% was determined. CONCLUSIONS: QoL. @entity2403 -CL has adequate psychometric properties, as well as an adequate sensitivity and specificity to distinguish between negative and positive perceptions of life quality in Chilean @entity1 with @entity162 .

title: [Assessment of a version adapted and translated into Spanish of the Quality of Life XXXX Questionnaire].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'bipolar disorders']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['Bipolar Disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To scan a virus (TOSV) belongs to the Phlebovirus genus within the Bunyaviridae family. TOSV is an arbovirus transmitted by sandflies. In Mediterranean countries, TOSV is one of the major viral pathogens involved in @entity5827 and @entity5422 . OBJECTIVES: Development and assessment of a new sensitive and specific real-time RT-PCR assay for TOSV diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN: TOSV-specific primers and probe targeting the S-segment of the genome were designed, based on recent TOSV sequences available in public databases. Sensitivity was assessed using 10-fold serial dilutions of a RNA transcript and serial dilutions of TOSV strains isolated from infected @entity1 beings. Specificity was determined by testing RNA extracts from closely related Phleboviruses. The assay was then used for @entity778 diagnosis in 971 clinical samples and for TOSV detection in 2000 sandflies. RESULTS: The real-time RT-PCR assay exhibited a sensitivity of under 257 copies per reaction for the RNA transcripts and 0.0056 and 0.014 TCID50 of Italian and Spanish TOSV genotypes per reaction, respectively. No other close Phleboviruses were detected. TOSV was identified in 17 clinical samples and in 3 sandflies. CONCLUSIONS: The assay described is a rapid, robust and reliable real-time RT-PCR test for accurate diagnosis of @entity1 @entity778 as well as for the surveillance of TOSV in vector populations.

title: A rapid and specific real time RT-PCR assay for diagnosis of Toscana XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5422 :: ('MESH:D008590', 'Disease') :: ['meningoencephalitis']

entities_list: @entity5827 :: ('MESH:D008582', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic meningitis']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['TOSV infection']

answer: @entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['virus infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a single intravenous dose of @entity927 administered before surgery in @entity1 undergoing total cementless hip arthroplasty on: intra-, post-, and perioperative blood lost, the number of @entity1 requiring transfusion, the incidence of @entity1031 Material and methods. The study enrolled 124 @entity1 , who were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (61 @entity1 ) received an intravenous dose of 15 mg/kg of @entity927 20 minutes before the skin incision, while the control group (63 @entity1 ) did not receive this drug. We analysed intraoperative @entity190 (volume of blood in the aspirator), @entity86 (volume of blood drained), total perioperative @entity190 , and the number of @entity1 requiring transfusion as well as the number of @entity1031 in both groups. RESULTS: In the experimental group, mean intraoperative @entity190 was significantly lower at 216 ml compared to 408.5 ml in the control group (p=0.00421). Postoperative @entity190 on the first postoperative day was also lower in the experimental group (246.3 ml) as compared with the control group (358 ml, p=0.000097). Estimated perioperative @entity190 in the experimental group was lower as well, reaching 779 ml, vs. 1315.5 ml in the control group (p=0.00567). The percentage of @entity1 requiring transfusion in the experimental group (3.27%) was significantly lower than in the control group (22.22%) (p=0.00166). The use of @entity927 did not influence the number of @entity1031 (p=0.3075). CONCLUSIONS: 1. The administration of 15 mg/kg of @entity927 20 minutes before surgery decreases the need for postoperative transfusion of allogeneic blood due to a significant reduction in intra-, post-, and perioperative @entity190 . 2. Seeing that this method does not increase the number of @entity1031 and is simple and inexpensive, it should be considered worthy of recommendation in total cementless hip arthroplasty.

title: Effect of Single Preoperative Dose of XXXX on @entity190 and Transfusion in Hip Arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic complications']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative blood loss']

entities_list: @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['tranexamic acid']

answer: @entity927 :: (MESH:D014148,Chemical) :: ['Tranexamic Acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a single intravenous dose of @entity927 administered before surgery in @entity1 undergoing total cementless hip arthroplasty on: intra-, post-, and perioperative blood lost, the number of @entity1 requiring transfusion, the incidence of @entity1031 Material and methods. The study enrolled 124 @entity1 , who were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (61 @entity1 ) received an intravenous dose of 15 mg/kg of @entity927 20 minutes before the skin incision, while the control group (63 @entity1 ) did not receive this drug. We analysed intraoperative @entity190 (volume of blood in the aspirator), @entity86 (volume of blood drained), total perioperative @entity190 , and the number of @entity1 requiring transfusion as well as the number of @entity1031 in both groups. RESULTS: In the experimental group, mean intraoperative @entity190 was significantly lower at 216 ml compared to 408.5 ml in the control group (p=0.00421). Postoperative @entity190 on the first postoperative day was also lower in the experimental group (246.3 ml) as compared with the control group (358 ml, p=0.000097). Estimated perioperative @entity190 in the experimental group was lower as well, reaching 779 ml, vs. 1315.5 ml in the control group (p=0.00567). The percentage of @entity1 requiring transfusion in the experimental group (3.27%) was significantly lower than in the control group (22.22%) (p=0.00166). The use of @entity927 did not influence the number of @entity1031 (p=0.3075). CONCLUSIONS: 1. The administration of 15 mg/kg of @entity927 20 minutes before surgery decreases the need for postoperative transfusion of allogeneic blood due to a significant reduction in intra-, post-, and perioperative @entity190 . 2. Seeing that this method does not increase the number of @entity1031 and is simple and inexpensive, it should be considered worthy of recommendation in total cementless hip arthroplasty.

title: Effect of Single Preoperative Dose of @entity927 on XXXX and Transfusion in Hip Arthroplasty.

answer: @entity190 :: (MESH:D006473,Disease) :: ['Blood Loss']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To identify and synthesise the best available evidence on the accuracy of the currently available tools for predicting @entity174 risk. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases to 2014. Two reviewers independently selected articles, collected data from studies, and carried out a hand search of the references of the included studies. The Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) checklist was used, and the primary outcome was the area under the curve (AUC) and 95% CIs, obtained from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. We excluded tools if they had not been externally validated or were designed for specific disease populations. Random effects meta-analyses were performed with the selected tools. RESULTS: Forty-five studies met inclusion criteria, corresponding to 13 different tools. Only three tools had been tested more than once in a population-based setting: FRAX (26 studies in 9 countries), GARVAN (6 studies in 3 countries) and QFracture (3 studies in the UK, 1 also including Irish @entity1 ). Twenty studies with these three tools were included in a total of 17 meta-analyses (for hip or major @entity3604 ; @entity1 or @entity1 ; with or without bone mineral density). CONCLUSIONS: Most of the 13 tools are feasible in clinical practice. FRAX has the largest number of externally validated and independent studies. The overall accuracy of the different tools is satisfactory (>0.70), with QFracture reaching 0.89 (95% CI 0.88 to 0.89). Significant methodological limitations were observed in many studies, suggesting caution when comparing tools based solely on the AUC.

title: The accuracy of XXXX risk prediction tools: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity3604 :: (MESH:D058866,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic fracture']


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity3883 can raise problems to diagnostic imaging. The radiologist must choose the most appropriate examination that delivers the most important diagnostic information because the differences between a lithiasic obstruction and a tumoral one are vital. This information helps the surgeon speed up the process of decision-making, because the treatment may be very different in relation to the nature of the obstruction. OBJECTIVE: This study tries to demonstrate the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in detecting the obstacle in the common bile duct (CBD) and the possibility of establishing the lithiasic nature of the obstruction. METHODS AND RESULTS: A retrospective analysis was analyzed during an interval of 18 months that included @entity1087 @entity1 admitted in the General Surgery Department of "Coltea" Clinical Hospital. They were examined by CT scanning and by MRCP, being suspected of @entity2877 . 63 @entity1 were included in the study, 34 females and 29 males. 33 CT scans and 30 MRCP exams were performed. DISCUSSION: CT scan is useful in detecting residual or iterative @entity2877 in @entity1 after cholecystectomy, contrast enhanced CT (CECT), being able to differentiate between lithiasic and non-lithiasic obstruction. MRCP delivers important anatomic details of the biliary tree; it is superior to CT in diagnosing the @entity9279 ; MRCP tends to replace endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) - the diagnostic "gold standard" reducing the number of unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures. ABBREVIATIONS: CT = computed tomography, CECT = contrast enhanced computed tomography, ERCP = endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, MRCP = magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, CBD = common bile duct.

title: CT vs. MRCP in @entity2877 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity2877 :: ('MESH:D042883', 'Disease') :: ['choledocholithiasis']

entities_list: @entity9279 :: ('MESH:D020347', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocholedochal lithiasis']

answer: @entity1087 :: (MESH:D007565,Disease) :: ['jaundice']


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity3883 can raise problems to diagnostic imaging. The radiologist must choose the most appropriate examination that delivers the most important diagnostic information because the differences between a lithiasic obstruction and a tumoral one are vital. This information helps the surgeon speed up the process of decision-making, because the treatment may be very different in relation to the nature of the obstruction. OBJECTIVE: This study tries to demonstrate the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in detecting the obstacle in the common bile duct (CBD) and the possibility of establishing the lithiasic nature of the obstruction. METHODS AND RESULTS: A retrospective analysis was analyzed during an interval of 18 months that included @entity1087 @entity1 admitted in the General Surgery Department of "Coltea" Clinical Hospital. They were examined by CT scanning and by MRCP, being suspected of @entity2877 . 63 @entity1 were included in the study, 34 females and 29 males. 33 CT scans and 30 MRCP exams were performed. DISCUSSION: CT scan is useful in detecting residual or iterative @entity2877 in @entity1 after cholecystectomy, contrast enhanced CT (CECT), being able to differentiate between lithiasic and non-lithiasic obstruction. MRCP delivers important anatomic details of the biliary tree; it is superior to CT in diagnosing the @entity9279 ; MRCP tends to replace endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) - the diagnostic "gold standard" reducing the number of unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures. ABBREVIATIONS: CT = computed tomography, CECT = contrast enhanced computed tomography, ERCP = endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, MRCP = magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, CBD = common bile duct.

title: CT vs. MRCP in XXXX @entity1087 .

answer: @entity2877 :: (MESH:D042883,Disease) :: ['choledocholithiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identifying differences and similarities between cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)(+) polarized T-cell subsets in @entity1 versus adults with @entity483 ( @entity483 ) is critical for directing new treatments toward @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare activation markers and frequencies of skin-homing (CLA(+)) versus systemic (CLA(-)) "polar" @entity404 and @entity405 T-cell subsets in @entity1 with early pediatric @entity483 , adults with @entity483 , and control subjects. METHODS: Flow cytometry was used to measure @entity7986 /inducible costimulator/HLA-DR frequency in memory cell subsets, as well as IFN-y, @entity4047 , @entity4666 , @entity4155 , and @entity13236 cytokines, defining @entity33356 , TH2/ @entity23906 , TH9/TC9, TH17/TC17, and TH22/TC22 populations in @entity404 and @entity405 cells, respectively. We compared peripheral blood from 19 @entity1 less than 5 years old and 42 adults with well-characterized moderate-to-severe @entity483 , as well as age-matched control subjects (17 @entity1 and 25 adults). RESULTS: Selective inducible costimulator activation (P < .001) was seen in @entity1 . CLA(+) TH2 T cells were markedly expanded in both @entity1 and adults with @entity483 compared with those in control subjects, but decreases in CLA(+) @entity1198 T-cell numbers were greater in @entity1 with @entity483 (17% vs 7.4%, P = .007). Unlike in adults, no imbalances were detected in CLA(-) T cells from pediatric @entity1 with @entity483 nor were there altered frequencies of TH22 T cells within the CLA(+) or CLA(-) compartments. Adults with @entity483 had increased frequencies of @entity13236 -producing @entity404 and @entity405 T cells within the skin-homing population, compared with controls (9.5% vs 4.5% and 8.6% vs 2.4%, respectively; P < .001), as well as increased HLA-DR activation (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that TH2 activation within skin-homing T cells might drive @entity483 in @entity1 and that reduced counterregulation by @entity1198 T cells might contribute to excess TH2 activation. TH22 "spreading" of @entity483 is not seen in young @entity1 and might be influenced by immune development, disease chronicity, or recurrent @entity272 .

title: Early pediatric XXXX shows only a cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)(+) TH2/ @entity1198 cell imbalance, whereas adults acquire CLA(+) TH22/TC22 cell subsets.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infections']

answer: @entity483 :: (MESH:D003876,Disease) :: ['atopic dermatitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identifying differences and similarities between cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)(+) polarized T-cell subsets in @entity1 versus adults with @entity483 ( @entity483 ) is critical for directing new treatments toward @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare activation markers and frequencies of skin-homing (CLA(+)) versus systemic (CLA(-)) "polar" @entity404 and @entity405 T-cell subsets in @entity1 with early pediatric @entity483 , adults with @entity483 , and control subjects. METHODS: Flow cytometry was used to measure @entity7986 /inducible costimulator/HLA-DR frequency in memory cell subsets, as well as IFN-y, @entity4047 , @entity4666 , @entity4155 , and @entity13236 cytokines, defining @entity33356 , TH2/ @entity23906 , TH9/TC9, TH17/TC17, and TH22/TC22 populations in @entity404 and @entity405 cells, respectively. We compared peripheral blood from 19 @entity1 less than 5 years old and 42 adults with well-characterized moderate-to-severe @entity483 , as well as age-matched control subjects (17 @entity1 and 25 adults). RESULTS: Selective inducible costimulator activation (P < .001) was seen in @entity1 . CLA(+) TH2 T cells were markedly expanded in both @entity1 and adults with @entity483 compared with those in control subjects, but decreases in CLA(+) @entity1198 T-cell numbers were greater in @entity1 with @entity483 (17% vs 7.4%, P = .007). Unlike in adults, no imbalances were detected in CLA(-) T cells from pediatric @entity1 with @entity483 nor were there altered frequencies of TH22 T cells within the CLA(+) or CLA(-) compartments. Adults with @entity483 had increased frequencies of @entity13236 -producing @entity404 and @entity405 T cells within the skin-homing population, compared with controls (9.5% vs 4.5% and 8.6% vs 2.4%, respectively; P < .001), as well as increased HLA-DR activation (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that TH2 activation within skin-homing T cells might drive @entity483 in @entity1 and that reduced counterregulation by @entity1198 T cells might contribute to excess TH2 activation. TH22 "spreading" of @entity483 is not seen in young @entity1 and might be influenced by immune development, disease chronicity, or recurrent @entity272 .

title: Early pediatric @entity483 shows only a cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)(+) TH2/ XXXX cell imbalance, whereas adults acquire CLA(+) TH22/TC22 cell subsets.

answer: @entity1198 :: (51497,Gene) :: ['TH1']