abstract: OBJECT @entity1263 ( @entity1263 ) are uncommon but bear a significant risk of @entity5 . High-resolution MRI is the standard technique for characterizing @entity1263 . However, planning the appropriate extent of resection and subsequent reconstructive strategies is highly dependent on the intraoperative findings because preoperative MRI evaluation can be insufficient. Diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) represents a recently developed advanced MRI technique that reveals the microstructure of tissues based on monitoring the random movement of water molecules. DTT has the potential to provide diagnostic insights beyond conventional MRI techniques due to its mapping of specific fibrillar nerve structures. Here, DTT was applied to evaluate @entity1263 and to examine the usefulness of this method for the correct delineation of @entity5 and healthy nerve tissue and the value of this information in the preoperative planning of surgical interventions. METHODS In this prospective study, @entity1 with the clinical symptoms of a PNST were investigated using DTT 3-Tesla MRI scans. Image data processing and tractography were performed using the FACT (fiber assessment by continuous tracking) algorithm and multiple-regions-of-interest approach. The surgical findings were then compared with the results of the DTT MRI scans. @entity227 and the correlation with the intraoperative findings were graded. RESULTS In a 21-month period, 12 @entity1 with @entity1263 were investigated (7 female and 5 male @entity1 with a mean age of 46.2    19.2 years). All @entity1 underwent surgical @entity5 . @entity808 was the most common benign histopathological finding (n = 7), whereas 2 malignant lesions were detected. In 10 of 12 @entity1 , good preoperative nerve fascicle visualization was achieved using DTT scans. In 9 of 10 @entity1 with good preoperative fascicle visualization, good intraoperative correlation between the DTT scans and surgical anatomy was found. CONCLUSIONS DTT properly visualizes the peripheral nerve fascicles and their correct anatomical relation to PNST. DTT represents a promising new method for the preinterventional planning of nerve @entity5 resection.

title: Diffusion tensor tractography for the surgical management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['Schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Preoperative fascicle visualization']

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['Peripheral nerve sheath tumors', 'PNSTs']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'removal of the tumor', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity1263 :: (MESH:D010524,Disease) :: ['peripheral nerve sheath tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7125 is the most common traffic-related injury affecting thousands of @entity1 every year. Conservative treatments have not proven effective in preventing persistent symptoms and disability after @entity7125 . Early established @entity158 behaviours within the first weeks after the injury may explain part of the transition from acute to chronic @entity74 ( @entity74 ). Hence, early targeting of psychological risk factors such as @entity158 catastrophizing, fear-avoidance-beliefs, @entity308 , and symptoms of @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) may be important in preventing the development of chronic @entity74 . Some evidence exists that targeting fear-avoidance beliefs and @entity1005 with exposure strategies and value-based actions may prevent development of @entity717 after @entity7125 . Yet, the results have to be tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The primary objective of the present study is to test whether a specifically tailored value-based cognitive-behavioural therapy program (V-CBT) is able to prevent the development of @entity717 , @entity158 , and @entity458 if delivered within the first three months after a @entity7125 . METHODS/DESIGN: The current study is a two-armed randomized controlled study with a crossover design. Group A is scheduled for V-CBT within one week of randomization and group B with a delayed onset 3  months after randomization. DISCUSSION: If the study detects significant effects of V-CBT as a preventive intervention, the study will provide new insights of preventive treatment for @entity1 with @entity74 and thereby serve as an important step towards preventing the chronic condition. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials Registration September 19, 2014: NCT02251028.

title: Value-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for the prevention of chronic XXXX : protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity7125 :: ('MESH:D014911', 'Disease') :: ['whiplash injury', 'Whiplash injury']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['WAD', 'whiplash associated disorder']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'maladaptive pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['persistent disability']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['whiplash associated disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is the most common type of @entity1 @entity2 , with highly aggressive, lethal malignancy and microRNAs have already been proven to be associated with @entity1149 . In this study, we sought to determine the expression, the clinical value and its role in @entity1149 progression. METHODS: Clinical @entity1149 tissues and common cell lines were collected. Real-time PCR was performed to quantify the @entity41156 expression. In addition, the association of @entity41156 expression with clinical pathological factors and prognosis was statistically analyzed. Furthermore, cell proliferation was measured after @entity41156 was overexpressed transiently in cells. RESULTS: We found that @entity41156 was significantly decreased in @entity1149 as well as cell lines, when compared with their separated controls. Decreased @entity41156 expression was associated with sex, @entity5 type and @entity5 size. Functionally, ectopic expression of @entity41156 in A549 and H661 cells inhibited cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that @entity41156 is downregulated and correlated with @entity5 progression, which might be a putitive therapeutic target in @entity1149 treatment.

title: MicroRNA-498 is downregulated in XXXX and correlates with @entity5 progression.

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'Non-small cell lung cancer', 'NSCLC tumorigenesis', 'NSCLC tumor', 'NSCLC tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is the most common type of @entity1 @entity2 , with highly aggressive, lethal malignancy and microRNAs have already been proven to be associated with @entity1149 . In this study, we sought to determine the expression, the clinical value and its role in @entity1149 progression. METHODS: Clinical @entity1149 tissues and common cell lines were collected. Real-time PCR was performed to quantify the @entity41156 expression. In addition, the association of @entity41156 expression with clinical pathological factors and prognosis was statistically analyzed. Furthermore, cell proliferation was measured after @entity41156 was overexpressed transiently in cells. RESULTS: We found that @entity41156 was significantly decreased in @entity1149 as well as cell lines, when compared with their separated controls. Decreased @entity41156 expression was associated with sex, @entity5 type and @entity5 size. Functionally, ectopic expression of @entity41156 in A549 and H661 cells inhibited cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that @entity41156 is downregulated and correlated with @entity5 progression, which might be a putitive therapeutic target in @entity1149 treatment.

title: MicroRNA-498 is downregulated in @entity1149 and correlates with XXXX progression.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to report our results with open transgastric necrosectomy for walled-off @entity39 in acute @entity788 over a period of ten years. METHODS: @entity1 operated at the department from 2003 until 2012 were studied retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 50 @entity1 had surgery. The median age was 55 years (range: 17-79 years). The presumed aetiologies were: @entity5990 (n = 28), @entity285 (n = 8) and other causes (n = 14). The median preoperative stay at hospital was 50 days (range: 2-150 days). Bacterial culture from the @entity39 tissue was positive in 26 @entity1 (52%), negative in 15 @entity1 (30%); and in nine @entity1 , no information on this was available. In all, 22 @entity1 (44%) had one or more incidents (i.e. @entity8479 , @entity548 , new abscess, @entity1143 or delayed @entity356 ) where additional invasive therapy was needed. Ten @entity1 (20%) died during their admission to our department. In total, 18 (45%) @entity1 developed late complications defined as endocrine and/or exocrine malfunction of the pancreas ( @entity6 (n = 10), exocrine insufficiency (n = 4), both @entity6 (n = 4)). CONCLUSION: Acute @entity788 with walled-off @entity39 has a high mortality rate. Need for additional therapy following necrosectomy was associated with fatal outcome. Endocrine and exocrine insufficiency was often seen at follow-up. FUNDING: none. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency via Region of Southern Denmark (case no. 13/29319).

title: Ten years of experience with transgastric necrosectomy for walled-off @entity39 in acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes and exocrine insufficiency', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity8479 :: ('MESH:D059325', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal compartment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric emptying']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to report our results with open transgastric necrosectomy for walled-off @entity39 in acute @entity788 over a period of ten years. METHODS: @entity1 operated at the department from 2003 until 2012 were studied retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 50 @entity1 had surgery. The median age was 55 years (range: 17-79 years). The presumed aetiologies were: @entity5990 (n = 28), @entity285 (n = 8) and other causes (n = 14). The median preoperative stay at hospital was 50 days (range: 2-150 days). Bacterial culture from the @entity39 tissue was positive in 26 @entity1 (52%), negative in 15 @entity1 (30%); and in nine @entity1 , no information on this was available. In all, 22 @entity1 (44%) had one or more incidents (i.e. @entity8479 , @entity548 , new abscess, @entity1143 or delayed @entity356 ) where additional invasive therapy was needed. Ten @entity1 (20%) died during their admission to our department. In total, 18 (45%) @entity1 developed late complications defined as endocrine and/or exocrine malfunction of the pancreas ( @entity6 (n = 10), exocrine insufficiency (n = 4), both @entity6 (n = 4)). CONCLUSION: Acute @entity788 with walled-off @entity39 has a high mortality rate. Need for additional therapy following necrosectomy was associated with fatal outcome. Endocrine and exocrine insufficiency was often seen at follow-up. FUNDING: none. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency via Region of Southern Denmark (case no. 13/29319).

title: Ten years of experience with transgastric necrosectomy for walled-off XXXX in acute @entity788 .

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: Atypical cases of heritable @entity5714 have been noted that conform clinically and biochemically to anemias of the pyruvatekinase (PK)-deficient type, except for the presence of apparently adequate quantities of erythrocyte-PK activity by the usual assay procedure. Investigations of four such anomalous cases, occurring in two unrelated families, are presented. Erythrocytes contained a kinetically aberrant isozyme of @entity2388 kinase (PK(2)). Michaelis constants for the pathologic isozyme relative to @entity7954 were over 10-fold greater than control values, but no kinetic abnormality was evident for the second substrate, @entity857 . PK(2) exhibited a pH optimum almost 1 U lower than the wild enzyme form (PK(1)). Significant differences were also evident in the functional stabilities of the isozymes. Leukocytes were unaffected. Family studies revealed paternal heterozygosity for quantitative @entity942 of the usual type. Clinically normal maternal relatives and some siblings demonstrated intermediate deviations in erythrocyte-PK kinetics and reaction characteristics compatible with coexistence of normal PK(1) and kinetically abnormal PK(2). @entity5714 in the propositi appeared to require simultaneous inheritance of the gene governing PK(2) production and its presumed allele resulting in quantitative @entity942 . Both @entity74 were traced through three generations, the defective gene in both instances apparently resident on autosomes.A revision of the PK assay technique is suggested, since catalytic inefficiency of PK(2) was manifested only at low substrate concentrations and was therefore undetectable at the relatively high @entity7954 levels employed in the conventional assay.

title: An XXXX of erythrocyte @entity2388 kinase. Identification of a kinetically aberrant isozyme associated with premature hemolysis.

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

entities_list: @entity7954 :: ('MESH:D010728', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoenolpyruvate']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia', 'Hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic defects']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['PK deficiency']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['inherited molecular lesion']


abstract: Atypical cases of heritable @entity5714 have been noted that conform clinically and biochemically to anemias of the pyruvatekinase (PK)-deficient type, except for the presence of apparently adequate quantities of erythrocyte-PK activity by the usual assay procedure. Investigations of four such anomalous cases, occurring in two unrelated families, are presented. Erythrocytes contained a kinetically aberrant isozyme of @entity2388 kinase (PK(2)). Michaelis constants for the pathologic isozyme relative to @entity7954 were over 10-fold greater than control values, but no kinetic abnormality was evident for the second substrate, @entity857 . PK(2) exhibited a pH optimum almost 1 U lower than the wild enzyme form (PK(1)). Significant differences were also evident in the functional stabilities of the isozymes. Leukocytes were unaffected. Family studies revealed paternal heterozygosity for quantitative @entity942 of the usual type. Clinically normal maternal relatives and some siblings demonstrated intermediate deviations in erythrocyte-PK kinetics and reaction characteristics compatible with coexistence of normal PK(1) and kinetically abnormal PK(2). @entity5714 in the propositi appeared to require simultaneous inheritance of the gene governing PK(2) production and its presumed allele resulting in quantitative @entity942 . Both @entity74 were traced through three generations, the defective gene in both instances apparently resident on autosomes.A revision of the PK assay technique is suggested, since catalytic inefficiency of PK(2) was manifested only at low substrate concentrations and was therefore undetectable at the relatively high @entity7954 levels employed in the conventional assay.

title: An @entity74 of erythrocyte XXXX kinase. Identification of a kinetically aberrant isozyme associated with premature hemolysis.

answer: @entity2388 :: (MESH:D019289,Chemical) :: ['pyruvate']


abstract: @entity4409 continue to cause considerable losses among dairy @entity291 in the Netherlands. A considerable part is due to @entity1271 , previously quantified at Dfl. 125.-per average @entity291 present, which would account to as much as Dfl. 165.-at current production and price-levels. A major part is caused by milk which was not produced. Under the present market and price policy, the same price is paid for each kg of milk, whatever the quantity produced per farm. In this situation, the milk which is not produced is therefore valued at the current price of Dfl. 0.60 per kg. If a quota-system were to be imposed per farm, an additional kg of milk would have to be valued at a lower price. Yet the losses due to @entity1271 and conversely, the profits of reducing the disease, remain almost unchanged in this situation. Instead of increased production per farm, there is a possibility of achieving a similar production per farm with less @entity291 and at reduced cost. Calculations show that when a quota-system is imposed on each farm, the economic profitableness of improved health continues to be important.

title: [The economic significance of XXXX in current and altered agricultural policies (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity4409 :: ('MESH:D000820', 'Disease') :: ['Animal diseases']

answer: @entity1271 :: (MESH:D008413,Disease) :: ['mastitis']


abstract: Although much is known of the causes and prevention of @entity8976 , this continues to be a common vice in @entity1707 . The animals seek diversion by chewing on the tails of their fellows as they feel uncomfortable. This may result in @entity32 of the tail. Prevention should be directed towards improvement of the conditions which cause the animal to feel uncomfortable. As this will often not be possible or only in part, efforts are made to prevent @entity8976 by docking the tails. When tail-docking is performed according to the rule in one- to three-day-old animals, @entity8976 obviously will no longer be possible. However, this does not mean removing the causes of @entity8976 . This procedure is therefore undesirable from the point of view of welfare of the animals. Inflammation of the tail may result in @entity3 to the spinal column and/or lungs. This is frequently associated with @entity582 . Moreover, the resulting @entity733 formation will be highly objectionable from the point of view of hygiene.

title: [Tail-biting in XXXX . Causes, effects and prevention].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8976 :: ('MESH:D001733', 'Disease') :: ['tail-biting']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: The number of strains of @entity795 studied was 413, and these were obtained from all clinical materials with the exception of fecal specimens. @entity1132 was fermented by 37 strains (P. inconstans, 29%; @entity20996 , 16%; @entity9700 , 4.2%; @entity11889 , 3.6%; and @entity19321 , 0%) of which 33 were from the genitourinary system. These 33 strains constituted 12.7% of the 260 strains isolated from this source. Biochemically, @entity9700 was the least variable, and @entity20996 was the most variable of the five species of @entity795 tested. P. inconstans and @entity20996 resembled each other more closely than any of the other species of @entity795 . Comparison of results obtained in the Memphis area with those found in other locations showed that biochemical characteristics varied most with the substances @entity1792 , @entity28294 , @entity6122 , @entity7970 , and @entity2656 . In contrast to earlier reports from Israel and England, none of the strains of P. inconstans in the present study was able to attack @entity1133 . All five species of @entity795 tested (by the disc method) were highly susceptible to @entity1332 mandelate. @entity9700 , @entity11889 , and @entity19321 were also highly susceptible to @entity6616 . All strains of @entity9700 were susceptible to @entity869 . P. inconstans was the most resistant species of @entity795 . Of the other 356 urease-positive strains tested, 79% were susceptible to @entity2755 , whereas only 3.8% of the 56 urease-negative strains (P. inconstans) were susceptible. When tested with @entity3639 , 61% of urease-positive strains were susceptible and 1.8% of the urease-negative strains were susceptible. Of 36 @entity1132 -positive strains, 33.8% were susceptible to @entity2755 , whereas 72.8% of all @entity1132 -negative strains were susceptible. Again, of the @entity1132 -positive strains, 17% were susceptible to @entity3639 , whereas 56.3% of all @entity1132 -negative strains were susceptible.

title: Metabolic variations of XXXX in the Memphis area and other geographical areas.

entities_list: @entity7970 :: ('MESH:D014199', 'Chemical') :: ['trehalose']

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity6616 :: ('MESH:D009582', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrofurantoin']

entities_list: @entity1132 :: ('MESH:D007785', 'Chemical') :: ['Lactose', 'lactose']

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity1332 :: ('MESH:D008709', 'Chemical') :: ['methenamine']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

answer: @entity795 :: (MESH:D016715,Disease) :: ['Proteus']


abstract: One hundred and forty-eight @entity1 over the age of 12 years seen from July 1972 through December 1980 were accepted for this review of @entity8 ( @entity8 ). The diagnosis was based on a typical clinical presentation, and renal biopsy findings. @entity8 forms 43.5 per cent of our @entity1 with @entity3441 . The @entity1 were predominantly young adults (82 per cent) and the onset of @entity1985 ( @entity1985 ) occurred below the age of 30 years. Most @entity1 had severe @entity4 and hypoalbuminaemia. Few @entity1 recovered spontaneously. One hundred and thirty @entity1 were given long-term alternate-day @entity134 (LASt) therapy. Four had @entity786 alone, 21 @entity1 had @entity786 after a trial of LASt. Eighty-four @entity1 (62.7 per cent) were initial responders: 17 of these after @entity786 , 26 (19.4 per cent) were initial non-responders: five @entity786 , 19 were late responders. Nine @entity1 were partial responders, six were non-responders and one went into @entity177 . Forty-one @entity1 defaulted, emigrated or were seen only locally at the time of study. Ninety-nine @entity1 were followed for three to 102 months (mean 23 . 3 months). Thirty-seven @entity1 were followed for 36 to 102 months. Relapses were infrequent but occurred as late as 60 months.

title: Minimal XXXX in Malaysian adults and use of alternate day @entity134 therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3441 :: ('MESH:C535761', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['MCGD', 'minimal change glomerular disease']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['NS', 'nephrotic syndrome']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['change glomerular disease']


abstract: One hundred and forty-eight @entity1 over the age of 12 years seen from July 1972 through December 1980 were accepted for this review of @entity8 ( @entity8 ). The diagnosis was based on a typical clinical presentation, and renal biopsy findings. @entity8 forms 43.5 per cent of our @entity1 with @entity3441 . The @entity1 were predominantly young adults (82 per cent) and the onset of @entity1985 ( @entity1985 ) occurred below the age of 30 years. Most @entity1 had severe @entity4 and hypoalbuminaemia. Few @entity1 recovered spontaneously. One hundred and thirty @entity1 were given long-term alternate-day @entity134 (LASt) therapy. Four had @entity786 alone, 21 @entity1 had @entity786 after a trial of LASt. Eighty-four @entity1 (62.7 per cent) were initial responders: 17 of these after @entity786 , 26 (19.4 per cent) were initial non-responders: five @entity786 , 19 were late responders. Nine @entity1 were partial responders, six were non-responders and one went into @entity177 . Forty-one @entity1 defaulted, emigrated or were seen only locally at the time of study. Ninety-nine @entity1 were followed for three to 102 months (mean 23 . 3 months). Thirty-seven @entity1 were followed for 36 to 102 months. Relapses were infrequent but occurred as late as 60 months.

title: Minimal @entity8 in Malaysian adults and use of alternate day XXXX therapy.

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: In 103 @entity1 with @entity64 without associated infections the prophylactic usefulness of antibiotics was assessed clinically. In 30 @entity1 (group I) and 27 @entity1 (group II) @entity869 was used in daily doses of 2-4 g or @entity114 (Polfa) was given 2.4-4.8 million i.u. during 10 days. In the remaining 46 cases (group III) no antibiotics were given and these @entity1 served as controls. During the first 10 days after @entity64 onset @entity166 complications developed significantly less frequently in controls (in 15 cases, i.e. 33%) than in those receiving antibiotic phophylaxis (40 cases i.e. 70%). The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). In the second ten-day period no clinical evidence of new infection was observed in any group. It may be supposed in the light of these diseases that administration of @entity3397 or @entity869 to @entity1 with @entity64 without carrying out antibiotic sensitivity tests is unnecessary. Nearly exclusively @entity55 and @entity293 appear in the first ten days after @entity64 onset which may suggest acute and gradually levelling-off of the neuroregulation of immunological defense mechanisms.

title: [Prophylactic use of @entity3397 and @entity869 in XXXX . I. Clinical observations].

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: In 103 @entity1 with @entity64 without associated infections the prophylactic usefulness of antibiotics was assessed clinically. In 30 @entity1 (group I) and 27 @entity1 (group II) @entity869 was used in daily doses of 2-4 g or @entity114 (Polfa) was given 2.4-4.8 million i.u. during 10 days. In the remaining 46 cases (group III) no antibiotics were given and these @entity1 served as controls. During the first 10 days after @entity64 onset @entity166 complications developed significantly less frequently in controls (in 15 cases, i.e. 33%) than in those receiving antibiotic phophylaxis (40 cases i.e. 70%). The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). In the second ten-day period no clinical evidence of new infection was observed in any group. It may be supposed in the light of these diseases that administration of @entity3397 or @entity869 to @entity1 with @entity64 without carrying out antibiotic sensitivity tests is unnecessary. Nearly exclusively @entity55 and @entity293 appear in the first ten days after @entity64 onset which may suggest acute and gradually levelling-off of the neuroregulation of immunological defense mechanisms.

title: [Prophylactic use of @entity3397 and XXXX in @entity64 . I. Clinical observations].

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

answer: @entity869 :: (MESH:D000667,Chemical) :: ['ampicillin']


abstract: In 103 @entity1 with @entity64 without associated infections the prophylactic usefulness of antibiotics was assessed clinically. In 30 @entity1 (group I) and 27 @entity1 (group II) @entity869 was used in daily doses of 2-4 g or @entity114 (Polfa) was given 2.4-4.8 million i.u. during 10 days. In the remaining 46 cases (group III) no antibiotics were given and these @entity1 served as controls. During the first 10 days after @entity64 onset @entity166 complications developed significantly less frequently in controls (in 15 cases, i.e. 33%) than in those receiving antibiotic phophylaxis (40 cases i.e. 70%). The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). In the second ten-day period no clinical evidence of new infection was observed in any group. It may be supposed in the light of these diseases that administration of @entity3397 or @entity869 to @entity1 with @entity64 without carrying out antibiotic sensitivity tests is unnecessary. Nearly exclusively @entity55 and @entity293 appear in the first ten days after @entity64 onset which may suggest acute and gradually levelling-off of the neuroregulation of immunological defense mechanisms.

title: [Prophylactic use of XXXX and @entity869 in @entity64 . I. Clinical observations].

answer: @entity3397 :: (MESH:D010400,Chemical) :: ['penicillin G']


abstract: The presence of @entity172 receptors in @entity0 tissue has been reported to correlate with improved prognosis in @entity1 after mastectomy. The prognostic value (if any) of the presence or absence of @entity172 receptors (ER) in malignant breast tissue was evaluated 104 @entity1 who were treated for primary @entity0 , whose pathology was re-examined, and whose records were subjected to multifactorial analysis. Sixty @entity1 were ER positive, and 44 were ER negative, and a total of 94 who had curative resections were available for follow-up (mean follow-up time 20 months). The presence of @entity172 receptors showed significant positive correlations with @entity356 , and a variant of infiltrating duct @entity5 that is prevalent in the elderly and characterized by the presence of cells showing granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. Of 26 cases identified as infiltrating duct @entity5 showing granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, 22 were ER positive, one was ER negative, and three had borderline values. There was no significant difference between the groups with regard to family history of @entity0 or hysterectomy. A striking observation was noted in the ER positive group in which there were seven cases of second primary @entity0 , whereas no such cases occurred in the ER negative @entity1 (p=0.05). There was a higher percentage of nodal metastases in the @entity1 who were ER positive compared with those who were ER negative; 27 of 53 (51%) of the ER positive @entity1 has positive nodes compared with four of 40 (32%) who were ER negative, p = 0.08. There was no significant correlation of disease free survival nor time to recurrence in either the overall group nor according to stage. In @entity1 whose @entity5 had been reviewed and graded, there was no prognostic relationship of ER status in high grade @entity5 , but in @entity1 with low-grade @entity5 , improved disease-free survival was demonstrated in @entity1 who were ER negative. Although the @entity172 receptor assay is a highly useful @entity5 marker and guide for therapy of advanced @entity0 , its relationship to the prognostic variables of primary @entity0 is complex and controversial and merits continued study.

title: Evaluation of the pathologic and prognostic correlates of XXXX receptors in primary @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['age, lobular cancer']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: The presence of @entity172 receptors in @entity0 tissue has been reported to correlate with improved prognosis in @entity1 after mastectomy. The prognostic value (if any) of the presence or absence of @entity172 receptors (ER) in malignant breast tissue was evaluated 104 @entity1 who were treated for primary @entity0 , whose pathology was re-examined, and whose records were subjected to multifactorial analysis. Sixty @entity1 were ER positive, and 44 were ER negative, and a total of 94 who had curative resections were available for follow-up (mean follow-up time 20 months). The presence of @entity172 receptors showed significant positive correlations with @entity356 , and a variant of infiltrating duct @entity5 that is prevalent in the elderly and characterized by the presence of cells showing granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. Of 26 cases identified as infiltrating duct @entity5 showing granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, 22 were ER positive, one was ER negative, and three had borderline values. There was no significant difference between the groups with regard to family history of @entity0 or hysterectomy. A striking observation was noted in the ER positive group in which there were seven cases of second primary @entity0 , whereas no such cases occurred in the ER negative @entity1 (p=0.05). There was a higher percentage of nodal metastases in the @entity1 who were ER positive compared with those who were ER negative; 27 of 53 (51%) of the ER positive @entity1 has positive nodes compared with four of 40 (32%) who were ER negative, p = 0.08. There was no significant correlation of disease free survival nor time to recurrence in either the overall group nor according to stage. In @entity1 whose @entity5 had been reviewed and graded, there was no prognostic relationship of ER status in high grade @entity5 , but in @entity1 with low-grade @entity5 , improved disease-free survival was demonstrated in @entity1 who were ER negative. Although the @entity172 receptor assay is a highly useful @entity5 marker and guide for therapy of advanced @entity0 , its relationship to the prognostic variables of primary @entity0 is complex and controversial and merits continued study.

title: Evaluation of the pathologic and prognostic correlates of @entity172 receptors in primary XXXX .

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Saphenous vein (SV), @entity736 ( @entity736 ), and umbilical vein (UV) grafts placed in the femoropopliteal or tibial areas for @entity432 were compared for the years between 1975 and 1982. In proximal v distal popliteal replacement, the early failure rate differed only in PTFE grafts to relieve @entity63 , with below-knee failure being worse. In all femoropopliteal grafts for @entity613 , the SV were better than the UV grafts. When done for @entity63 , the SV were better than the UV grafts. When done for @entity63 , the SV were better than the PTFE grafts. By life-table analysis, SV grafts done for @entity613 or for @entity63 were superior to PTFE grafts. The UV grafts also were better than PTFE grafts. Arteriography showed marked @entity384 in a UV graft in the common femoral to popliteal to anterior tibial area at 50 months. In a second @entity1 , mild @entity384 was seen. The UV graft is acceptable when SV is not available. The PTFE graft across the knee gives poor results but above the knee is comparable with UV grafts.

title: Revascularization of the femoropopliteal arteries using saphenous vein, XXXX , and umbilical vein grafts. Five- and six-year results.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal dilatation']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['claudication']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusive arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['PTFE', 'polytetrafluoroethylene']

answer: @entity736 :: (CHEBI:53251,Chemical) :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']


abstract: During treatment with @entity5119 at the dose of 1 g per day, the mean reduction in low density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 concentration was 11.2% in polygenic hypercholesterolaemia (n = 9) and 9.4% in heterozygous @entity4310 (n = 6). However, there was marked heterogeneity of response: in seven of the @entity1 with polygenic hypercholesterolaemia who had in common moderate elevation of LDL @entity165 (5.3-6.4 mmol/1), the reduction ranged from 13 to 40% (mean, 23%). In two of this group the change in LDL concentration was associated with a decrease in LDL apolipoprotein B synthetic rate. Of the @entity1 with @entity4310 one showed a 33% reduction in LDL @entity165 , and one a 13% reduction. Total high density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 concentration tended to decrease during treatment. This reflected a reduction of the @entity165 concentration in the @entity9478 subclass; @entity9477 @entity165 remaining unchanged. Plasma @entity412 and very low density lipoprotein @entity165 were unaffected by @entity5119 . The drug was well tolerated with only one @entity1 complaining of severe @entity294 , and two of mild and transient @entity294 . No clinically significant changes occurred in serial resting electrocardiograms. Thus, @entity5119 appears to be a useful drug for the treatment of most @entity1 with polygenic hypercholesterolaemia, and of some @entity1 with heterozygous @entity4310 .

title: The effects of XXXX on plasma lipoproteins in @entity4310 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity5119 :: ('MESH:D011341', 'Chemical') :: ['probucol']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['familial hypercholesterolaemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity5119 :: (MESH:D011341,Chemical) :: ['probucol']


abstract: During treatment with @entity5119 at the dose of 1 g per day, the mean reduction in low density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 concentration was 11.2% in polygenic hypercholesterolaemia (n = 9) and 9.4% in heterozygous @entity4310 (n = 6). However, there was marked heterogeneity of response: in seven of the @entity1 with polygenic hypercholesterolaemia who had in common moderate elevation of LDL @entity165 (5.3-6.4 mmol/1), the reduction ranged from 13 to 40% (mean, 23%). In two of this group the change in LDL concentration was associated with a decrease in LDL apolipoprotein B synthetic rate. Of the @entity1 with @entity4310 one showed a 33% reduction in LDL @entity165 , and one a 13% reduction. Total high density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 concentration tended to decrease during treatment. This reflected a reduction of the @entity165 concentration in the @entity9478 subclass; @entity9477 @entity165 remaining unchanged. Plasma @entity412 and very low density lipoprotein @entity165 were unaffected by @entity5119 . The drug was well tolerated with only one @entity1 complaining of severe @entity294 , and two of mild and transient @entity294 . No clinically significant changes occurred in serial resting electrocardiograms. Thus, @entity5119 appears to be a useful drug for the treatment of most @entity1 with polygenic hypercholesterolaemia, and of some @entity1 with heterozygous @entity4310 .

title: The effects of @entity5119 on plasma lipoproteins in XXXX .

answer: @entity4310 :: (MESH:D009386,Disease) :: ['polygenic and familial hypercholesterolaemia']


abstract: I propose an analogy between @entity455 of the inner ear and those of other organs like brain, @entity299 in which functional and organic alteration can be objectively demonstrated. Symptomatic disturbances of inner ear circulation are monoform in its clinical appearance and the term of 'otangina' is proposed for the functional result. Three types of vascular distribution are discussed for the different regulatory entities, (I) the proximal cerebral vascular type, (II) the predistal innervated regulatory type and the (III) capillary regulatory type. The formal etiology of @entity389 is is developed on the base of @entity455 , i.e. @entity4288 , functional alterations, i.e. @entity66 , and finally change in the microcirculation by alterations of the rheology of the blood. @entity101 is portrayed as a main example for cardiovascular risk factors with respect to @entity389 but @entity6 , cigarette smoking and other @entity209 leading to vascular disturbances have to be considered. From these considerations I have developed a basic program for the diagnosis of vascular metabolic risk factors which should be realized before any treatment is advocated. I have critically evaluated the benefit and possible hazardous effects of so called 'vasoactive' and 'cephalotropic' drugs. For most inner ear circulatory disease such therapy is contraindicated. The models of drug treatment of acute @entity2319 and the chronic or persistent inner @entity2169 should be evaluated in prospective studies.

title: [Therapeutic considerations in XXXX of the inner ear].

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['organic vascular lesions', 'vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['vasospastic disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity389 :: ('MESH:D007759', 'Disease') :: ['inner ear circulatory damage', 'inner ear vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart or peripheral vessel diseases']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic diseases']

entities_list: @entity2169 :: ('MESH:D004427', 'Disease') :: ['ear deafness']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['vascular diseases']


abstract: Rosette strain gauges were applied to the @entity1641 radius and tibia. Three sites were examined on each bone on separate occasions (proximal metaphysis, middiaphysis, and distal metaphysis). At each site, 4 rosette gauges were applied around the bone (ie, cranial, caudal, medial, and lateral). Strain recordings were made while walking the @entity1641 with and without a full-limb plaster cast. The principal @entity2270 of tensile strain was on the craniolateral aspect of the radius. Distally, on the radius, the largest strains were torsional. The cast changed the principal @entity2270 of tensile strain on the radius from the craniolateral surface to the caudal surface. The principal tensile strain of the tibia was just to the lateral side of cranial in the proximal and diaphyseal regions. Distally, the principal @entity2270 of tensile strain was craniolateral; however, the largest strains measured here were torsional. The cast changed the principal @entity2270 of tensile strain on the distal metaphysis of the tibia, but it did not reduce the magnitude of the strains measured. Casts may not aid stabilization of radial or @entity174 repaired with internal fixation and may in fact place additional stress on the @entity174 site.

title: Multidirectional in vivo strain analysis of the XXXX radius and tibia during dynamic loading with and without a cast.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['tibial fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['equine']


abstract: 1. The contents of high-energy @entity6546 at rest have been measured in skeletal muscles with different fibre-type composition from @entity35 , @entity840 and @entity1 . All muscles studied biochemically have been characterized histochemically. 2. Fast-twitch muscles had a higher @entity855 / @entity857 ratio than slow-twitch muscles and, with the exception of the tongue in the @entity35 , higher contents of @entity855 and @entity1734 . 3. There was an inverse relationship between the content of @entity1734 and the stainability for @entity27489 dehydrogenase, which is a marker enzyme for oxidative capacity. 4. The biochemical and histochemical data are discussed in relation to known morphological and functional properties of the different muscle-fibre types. It is concluded that fast-twitch fibres have a high @entity855 / @entity857 ratio favouring a fast acceleration of energy production. The content of @entity1734 seems to be related to the glycolytic capacity but not to the contraction time. In addition to being an immediate energy source, @entity1734 functions as a buffer against @entity8193 .

title: The contents of high-energy @entity6546 in different fibre types in skeletal muscles from XXXX , @entity840 and @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1734 :: ('CHEBI:17287', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphocreatine']

entities_list: @entity27489 :: ('CHEBI:37952', 'Chemical') :: ['succinyl']

entities_list: @entity6546 :: ('MESH:D010710', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphates']

entities_list: @entity8193 :: ('MESH:D000140', 'Disease') :: ['lactic acidosis']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: 1. The contents of high-energy @entity6546 at rest have been measured in skeletal muscles with different fibre-type composition from @entity35 , @entity840 and @entity1 . All muscles studied biochemically have been characterized histochemically. 2. Fast-twitch muscles had a higher @entity855 / @entity857 ratio than slow-twitch muscles and, with the exception of the tongue in the @entity35 , higher contents of @entity855 and @entity1734 . 3. There was an inverse relationship between the content of @entity1734 and the stainability for @entity27489 dehydrogenase, which is a marker enzyme for oxidative capacity. 4. The biochemical and histochemical data are discussed in relation to known morphological and functional properties of the different muscle-fibre types. It is concluded that fast-twitch fibres have a high @entity855 / @entity857 ratio favouring a fast acceleration of energy production. The content of @entity1734 seems to be related to the glycolytic capacity but not to the contraction time. In addition to being an immediate energy source, @entity1734 functions as a buffer against @entity8193 .

title: The contents of high-energy XXXX in different fibre types in skeletal muscles from @entity35 , @entity840 and @entity1 .

answer: @entity6546 :: (MESH:D010710,Chemical) :: ['phosphates']


abstract: 1. The contents of high-energy @entity6546 at rest have been measured in skeletal muscles with different fibre-type composition from @entity35 , @entity840 and @entity1 . All muscles studied biochemically have been characterized histochemically. 2. Fast-twitch muscles had a higher @entity855 / @entity857 ratio than slow-twitch muscles and, with the exception of the tongue in the @entity35 , higher contents of @entity855 and @entity1734 . 3. There was an inverse relationship between the content of @entity1734 and the stainability for @entity27489 dehydrogenase, which is a marker enzyme for oxidative capacity. 4. The biochemical and histochemical data are discussed in relation to known morphological and functional properties of the different muscle-fibre types. It is concluded that fast-twitch fibres have a high @entity855 / @entity857 ratio favouring a fast acceleration of energy production. The content of @entity1734 seems to be related to the glycolytic capacity but not to the contraction time. In addition to being an immediate energy source, @entity1734 functions as a buffer against @entity8193 .

title: The contents of high-energy @entity6546 in different fibre types in skeletal muscles from @entity35 , XXXX and @entity1 .

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: 1. The contents of high-energy @entity6546 at rest have been measured in skeletal muscles with different fibre-type composition from @entity35 , @entity840 and @entity1 . All muscles studied biochemically have been characterized histochemically. 2. Fast-twitch muscles had a higher @entity855 / @entity857 ratio than slow-twitch muscles and, with the exception of the tongue in the @entity35 , higher contents of @entity855 and @entity1734 . 3. There was an inverse relationship between the content of @entity1734 and the stainability for @entity27489 dehydrogenase, which is a marker enzyme for oxidative capacity. 4. The biochemical and histochemical data are discussed in relation to known morphological and functional properties of the different muscle-fibre types. It is concluded that fast-twitch fibres have a high @entity855 / @entity857 ratio favouring a fast acceleration of energy production. The content of @entity1734 seems to be related to the glycolytic capacity but not to the contraction time. In addition to being an immediate energy source, @entity1734 functions as a buffer against @entity8193 .

title: The contents of high-energy @entity6546 in different fibre types in skeletal muscles from @entity35 , @entity840 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes in @entity1 with @entity13493 ( @entity13493 ) delivered prior to 34(  /7) weeks upon confirmation of fetal lung maturity (FLM) to those managed expectantly until 34(  /7) weeks. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of non-anomalous singleton gestations with @entity13493 occurring after 24 weeks delivered between 32(  /7) and 34(  /7) weeks from 2004 to 2012. @entity1 delivered upon documented FLM (+FLM) - defined as the presence of @entity3634 (PG) at 32(  /7)-33(6/7) weeks if amniotic fluid was obtainable vaginally - were compared with @entity1 delivered without documented FLM between 32(  /7) and 34(  /7) weeks (expectant). Primary outcomes included @entity281 (clinically diagnosed @entity7288 or @entity5870 ), @entity5869 and a composite of neonatal morbidities (including but not limited to mechanical ventilation, @entity548 , @entity3166 , @entity295 and @entity649 ). Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test for continuous variables and Chi-square or Fisher's exact test for categorical data. Covariates were analyzed via multivariate logistic regression and adjusted odds ratios were calculated. RESULTS: Of 237 PPROMs delivered at 32(  /7)-34(  /7) weeks, 74 were intentionally delivered for +FLM and 163 were expectantly managed. No cord prolapse or @entity2209 was observed. @entity281 ( @entity5870 or @entity7288 ) was lower in the +FLM group (aOR 0.33 95% CI 0.12-0.88). Overall, there was no difference in composite neonatal morbidity did not differ between the two groups (aOR 1.36 95% CI 0.53-3.54). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity13493 , delivery after confirmation of FLM at 32(  /7)-33(6/7) weeks compared with expectant management until 34(  /7) weeks may prevent @entity281 without increasing neonatal morbidity.

title: Preterm premature rupture of membranes ( XXXX ): outcomes of delivery at 32(  /7) -33(6/7) weeks after confirmed fetal lung maturity (FLM) versus expectant management until 34(  /7) weeks.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity7288 :: ('MESH:D004716', 'Disease') :: ['endometritis']

entities_list: @entity2209 :: ('MESH:D050497', 'Disease') :: ['stillbirth']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5870 :: ('MESH:D002821', 'Disease') :: ['chorioamnionitis']

entities_list: @entity5869 :: ('MESH:D000037', 'Disease') :: ['placental abruption']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['maternal infection', 'Maternal infection']

entities_list: @entity13493 :: ('MESH:C563032', 'Disease') :: ['PPROM', 'preterm premature rupture of membranes']

entities_list: @entity3634 :: ('MESH:D010715', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylglycerol']

answer: @entity13493 :: (MESH:C563032,Disease) :: ['PPROM']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 15 % to 25  % of @entity1 , the @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) are known to be involved especially with @entity5 lying below the peritoneal reflection. While @entity348 ( @entity348 ) ensures removal of locoregional lymph nodes, it does not address the @entity1600 . @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) is being performed in selected scenarios for persistent @entity1600 after administration of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACTRT). Through our study, we share our initial experience with @entity1600 in @entity1 with persistent pelvic nodes after NACTRT in advanced @entity5 . METHODS: From October 2013 to November 2014, eight @entity1 underwent @entity348 with @entity1600 after NACTRT. @entity1600 was performed when pelvic node @entity3 was suspected on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and persisted following preoperative NACTRT. Clinicopathological and perioperative details were recorded for these eight @entity1 . RESULTS: Out of the 144 @entity1 operated with curative intent for rectal @entity16365 , eight (5  %) @entity1 had persistent lateral pelvic nodes following NACTRT. These @entity1 underwent a @entity348 with @entity1600 . The median operative time was 240  min, and the median @entity190 was 800  mL. Two out of eight @entity1 showed @entity66 in the lateral pelvic nodes (i.e. 25  %). Of these two @entity1 , one also had @entity66 in the mesorectal nodes, post NACTRT. The median length of hospital stay was 6  days. No genitourinary complications were reported. The median follow up for these eight @entity1 was 13  months (6-16  months). The 1  year disease free survival was 100  % with all @entity1 surviving till date. CONCLUSION: @entity1600 can be performed with acceptable perioperative outcomes in carefully selected @entity1 .

title: Preliminary experience with lateral pelvic lymph node dissection in locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal tumors', 'rectal cancers']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['LPND', 'Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection', 'LPN', 'lateral pelvic lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TME', 'total mesorectal excision']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the ocular surface change and the inflammatory response in a @entity95 model of short-term exposure @entity2372 . METHODS: Short term exposure @entity2372 by continuous eyelid opening was induced in New Zealand white @entity95 for up to 4 hours. Ultrasound pachymetry was used to detect central total corneal thickness. In vivo confocal microscopy and impression cytology were performed to evaluate the morphology of ocular surface epithelium and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Immunohistochemistry for macrophage,neutrophil, @entity12126 (+) T cells, and CD8(+) T cells were performed to classify the inflammatory cells. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was performed to detect ocular surface change.The concentrations of @entity20574 , IL-17, Line and TNF-awere analyzed by multiplex immunobead assay. TUNEL staining was performed to detect cellular apoptosis. RESULTS: Significant decrease ofcentral total cornealthickness were found within the first 5 minutes and remained stable thereafter, while there were no changes of corneal epithelial thickness.No significant change of corneal, limbal and conjunctival epithelial morphology was found by in vivo confocal microscopy except the time dependent increase of superficial cellular defects in the central @entity267 . Impression cytology also demonstrated time dependent increase of sloughing superficial cells of the central @entity267 . Aggregations ofinflammatory cells were found at 1 hour in the limbal epithelium, 2 hours in the perilimbal conjunctival epithelium, and 3 hours in the peripheral corneal epithelium.In eyes receiving exposure for 4 hours, the infiltration of the inflammatory cells can still be detected at 8 hours after closing eyes.Immunohistochemical study demonstrated the cells to be macrophages, neutrophils, @entity12126 -T cells and CD-8 T cells.SEM demonstrated time-depending increase of intercellular border and sloughing of superficial epithelial cells in corneal surface. Time dependent increase of @entity20574 , IL-17 and @entity25229 in tear was found.TUNEL staining revealed some apoptotic cells in the corneal epithelium and superficial stroma at 3 hours after exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Short term exposure @entity2372 can cause significant changes to the ocular surface and inflammatory response. @entity9326 , aggregation of inflammatory cells, and @entity267 epithelial cell and superficial keratocyte apoptosis were found no less than 4 hours following the insult.

title: Changes of Ocular Surface and the Inflammatory Response in a XXXX Model of Short-Term Exposure Keratopathy.

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['keratopathy']

entities_list: @entity9326 :: ('MESH:D006313', 'Disease') :: ['Decrease of central total corneal thickness']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['Rabbit']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Measuring brain electrical impedance (rheoencephalography- @entity30144 ) is a potential technique for noninvasive, continuous neuro-monitoring. Typically, @entity428 ( @entity428 ), an invasive monitoring modality, is used in brain monitoring. Our hypothesis was that both modalities would reflect cerebrovascular reactivity. In the present study we compared results of @entity30144 to results of @entity428 measurement. @entity35 were used under anesthesia ([Formula: see text]; 36 control and 59 @entity53537 infusions). @entity30144 was measured by two bipolar @entity30144 amplifiers; time constants (Tc) were 3 and 0.3 s. The @entity53537 injection caused a transient @entity551 (SAP) and a simultaneous increase in @entity428 and @entity30144 pulse amplitude. SAP decrease was 25%              14%; @entity428 was 28%              16%; @entity30144 pulse amplitude increase was 209%              17% (Tc 3) and 107%              68% (Tc 0.3). @entity428 increase correlated with @entity30144 pulse amplitude increase. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.9481 for @entity428 - @entity30144 time constants 3 and 0.9335 for @entity428 - @entity30144 time constants 0.3; both with [Formula: see text]. The fact that both @entity30144 and @entity428 reflect cerebrovascular reactivity indicates the usefulness of @entity30144 as a potential technique for noninvasive, continuous neuro-monitoring. The Tc of @entity30144 amplifier requires optimization for continuous monitoring of pressure reactivity index.

title: Correlation of rheoencephalogram and XXXX : results of a @entity35 study.

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity53537 :: ('MESH:C013983', 'Chemical') :: ['vinpocetine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in systemic arterial pressure']

answer: @entity428 :: (MESH:D019586,Disease) :: ['intracranial pressure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Measuring brain electrical impedance (rheoencephalography- @entity30144 ) is a potential technique for noninvasive, continuous neuro-monitoring. Typically, @entity428 ( @entity428 ), an invasive monitoring modality, is used in brain monitoring. Our hypothesis was that both modalities would reflect cerebrovascular reactivity. In the present study we compared results of @entity30144 to results of @entity428 measurement. @entity35 were used under anesthesia ([Formula: see text]; 36 control and 59 @entity53537 infusions). @entity30144 was measured by two bipolar @entity30144 amplifiers; time constants (Tc) were 3 and 0.3 s. The @entity53537 injection caused a transient @entity551 (SAP) and a simultaneous increase in @entity428 and @entity30144 pulse amplitude. SAP decrease was 25%              14%; @entity428 was 28%              16%; @entity30144 pulse amplitude increase was 209%              17% (Tc 3) and 107%              68% (Tc 0.3). @entity428 increase correlated with @entity30144 pulse amplitude increase. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.9481 for @entity428 - @entity30144 time constants 3 and 0.9335 for @entity428 - @entity30144 time constants 0.3; both with [Formula: see text]. The fact that both @entity30144 and @entity428 reflect cerebrovascular reactivity indicates the usefulness of @entity30144 as a potential technique for noninvasive, continuous neuro-monitoring. The Tc of @entity30144 amplifier requires optimization for continuous monitoring of pressure reactivity index.

title: Correlation of rheoencephalogram and @entity428 : results of a XXXX study.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Chronic treatment of @entity304 with levodopa or levodopa/carbidopa is associated with problems that include @entity910 , on-off phenomena, @entity146 , and possible loss of therapeutic efficacy. We studied the effects of a period of transient drug withdrawal (drug holiday) in 16 @entity1 who manifested these complications of chronic levodopa therapy. @entity1 were evaluated daily before, during, and after the period of drug withdrawal. Eleven of the 16 @entity1 exhibited enhanced motor responsiveness after the holiday and required only half of the initial daily dose for improved motor performance. Most levodopa-induced side effects decreased after the holiday. @entity146 was ameliorated in all cases. The frequency of on-off phenomena and @entity2045 also diminished. Sensitivity to levodopa-induced @entity910 was not affected by the drug holiday. Because most @entity1 required lower dosage after the holiday, @entity910 were no longer present. These observations suggest that @entity191 @entity1 who suffer complications of chronic levodopa therapy may benefit from a period of drug withdrawal.

title: Drug holiday and management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Hallucinosis', 'hallucinosis']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesia', 'dyskinesias']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson disease']


abstract: Streptokinase was infused for 103 +/- 25 hrs. in 27 @entity1 (6 with @entity1150 of the leg, 7 with @entity715 of Vv. axillaris and subclavia, 9 with @entity1151 , 3 with chronic @entity432 , 2 with @entity715 of the retinal vein). @entity1003 studies were performed repeatedly. Anticoagulation (prolongation of thrombin time to 1 1/2-2 1/2 of normal) could be achieved without additional heparin by reduction of streptokinase to doses as low as 20 000 U/h. Reptilase time correlated significantly with thrombin times. Following 24 hrs. of infusion, PTT was less than 50 sec. and Quick test less than 50% of normal in most instances. No correlation was found between PTT or Quick test and factor II, V, VI, X activities during streptokinase infusion. Bleeding was observed in 18 @entity1 . The infusion was stopped because of @entity548 in 3 cases. None of the coagulation tests performed in this study correlated with the incidence of @entity548 . Hemoglobin concentration decreased 2,6 +/- 1,6 gr% and this decrease could no be explained by blood lesses.

title: [Control of XXXX and complications in long-term streptokinase therapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['Blood coagulation']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['acute massive pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1003 :: (MESH:D001778,Disease) :: ['blood coagulation']


abstract: Eighty-two @entity1 with advanced @entity5 of the @entity135 have been treated with sequential administration of @entity1499 and @entity900 . @entity1499 was given orally (50 mg/sq m). @entity900 was given intravenously 24 hours later. Treatment was repeated four times at weekly intervals. This method of administration is based on laboratory evidence, including cell kinetic studies. Forty-three @entity1 were operated on. Those with involved or close surgical margins or with more than one cancerous neck node were also treated with therapeutic postoperative radiation therapy. Twenty-two @entity1 were treated with only radiation therapy. After surgery and/or radiation therapy, @entity1 were randomly selected as to who would receive further chemotherapy or who would be under observation only. Twenty-two @entity1 are still in the early phases of treatment and follow-up, so their conditions could not be evaluated. Early results indicate a 64% response to initial chemotherapy and no increase in operative difficulty, morbidity, or mortality.

title: Triple therapy for advanced XXXX of the @entity135 .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate', 'methotrexate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: Eighty-two @entity1 with advanced @entity5 of the @entity135 have been treated with sequential administration of @entity1499 and @entity900 . @entity1499 was given orally (50 mg/sq m). @entity900 was given intravenously 24 hours later. Treatment was repeated four times at weekly intervals. This method of administration is based on laboratory evidence, including cell kinetic studies. Forty-three @entity1 were operated on. Those with involved or close surgical margins or with more than one cancerous neck node were also treated with therapeutic postoperative radiation therapy. Twenty-two @entity1 were treated with only radiation therapy. After surgery and/or radiation therapy, @entity1 were randomly selected as to who would receive further chemotherapy or who would be under observation only. Twenty-two @entity1 are still in the early phases of treatment and follow-up, so their conditions could not be evaluated. Early results indicate a 64% response to initial chemotherapy and no increase in operative difficulty, morbidity, or mortality.

title: Triple therapy for advanced @entity5 of the XXXX .

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Self-administered questionnaires provide a better alternative to disclose sensitive information in sexual health research. We describe the factors that determine the positive response (initial recruitment) to an initial invitation and subsequent completion of study to a postal questionnaire on @entity250 . METHODS: South Asians (SA) and Europids with and without @entity6 ( @entity3918 ) were recruited from GP clinics in UK. @entity1 who returned the properly filled consent form ('recruited-group') were sent the questionnaire and those who returned it were considered as the 'completed-group'. Index of Multiple Deprivation Scores (IMDs) were generated using UK postcodes. We calculated the recruitment rate and completion rate of the recruited and the study-completed groups respectively. RESULTS: Total approached sample was 9100 [ @entity3918 : 2914 (32  %), SA: 4563 (50.1  %)]. Recruitment rate was 8.8  % and was higher in Europids and in @entity1 with @entity3918 . Mean IMDs for the recruited group was 20.9      11.9, and it was higher among recruited SA compared to Europids (p  <  0.001). Mean IMDs was higher in the recruited group compared to non-recruited (p  <  0.01). All four recruited groups (SA/Europid and @entity3918 /non- @entity3918 ) had lower IMDs compared to non-recruited. Completion rate was 71.5  % (n 544) (SA: 62.3  %, Europids: 77.4  %; p  <  0.05). CONCLUSION: Recruitment for postal sexual health surveys is positively influenced by presence of investigated disease, older age, being from lesser deprived areas and Europid ethnicity. Furthermore, Europids were more likely to complete survey than South Asians irrespective of disease status.

title: Ethnicity and neighbourhood deprivation determines the response rate in XXXX surveys.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity250 :: (MESH:D012735,Disease) :: ['sexual dysfunction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity421 is a @entity3478 , displaying significant cellular and histological heterogeneity and a complex genetic phenotype. Although multiple studies strongly suggest the presence of @entity5 stem cells in @entity421 , a consensus on their characterization is still missing. We used a combination of functional assays (sphere-forming, Aldefluor, and side-population) for identification of @entity5 stem cell populations in @entity421 cell lines. Expression of stemness-related transcription factors, quiescent nature, in vivo tumorigenicity, and Wnt/ @entity3546 activation were evaluated. We show that different @entity5 stem cell populations may co-exist in @entity421 cell lines exhibiting distinct functional properties. @entity421 spheres are slowly-proliferating populations, overexpress @entity4731 , and @entity4730 stemness-related genes and have enhanced tumorigenic potential. Additionally, spheres show specific activation of Wnt/ @entity3546 signaling as evidenced by increased nuclear @entity3546 , TCF/LEF activity, and @entity18609 expression, in a subset of the cell lines. Aldefluor-positive populations were detected in all @entity421 cell lines and overexpress @entity4731 , but not @entity4730 . The side-population phenotype is correlated with @entity10430 drug-efflux transporter expression. Distinct functional methods seem to identify @entity5 stem cells with dissimilar characteristics. Intrinsic heterogeneity may exist within @entity5 stem cells and can have implications on the design of targeted therapies aiming to eradicate these cells within @entity5 . J. Cell. Physiol. 9999: 1-11, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: XXXX Stem Cells Have Active Wnt/ @entity3546 and Overexpress @entity4731 and @entity4730 .

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma cancer', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['Osteosarcoma', 'osteosarcoma']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['Osteosarcoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity421 is a @entity3478 , displaying significant cellular and histological heterogeneity and a complex genetic phenotype. Although multiple studies strongly suggest the presence of @entity5 stem cells in @entity421 , a consensus on their characterization is still missing. We used a combination of functional assays (sphere-forming, Aldefluor, and side-population) for identification of @entity5 stem cell populations in @entity421 cell lines. Expression of stemness-related transcription factors, quiescent nature, in vivo tumorigenicity, and Wnt/ @entity3546 activation were evaluated. We show that different @entity5 stem cell populations may co-exist in @entity421 cell lines exhibiting distinct functional properties. @entity421 spheres are slowly-proliferating populations, overexpress @entity4731 , and @entity4730 stemness-related genes and have enhanced tumorigenic potential. Additionally, spheres show specific activation of Wnt/ @entity3546 signaling as evidenced by increased nuclear @entity3546 , TCF/LEF activity, and @entity18609 expression, in a subset of the cell lines. Aldefluor-positive populations were detected in all @entity421 cell lines and overexpress @entity4731 , but not @entity4730 . The side-population phenotype is correlated with @entity10430 drug-efflux transporter expression. Distinct functional methods seem to identify @entity5 stem cells with dissimilar characteristics. Intrinsic heterogeneity may exist within @entity5 stem cells and can have implications on the design of targeted therapies aiming to eradicate these cells within @entity5 . J. Cell. Physiol. 9999: 1-11, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: @entity421 Stem Cells Have Active Wnt/ @entity3546 and Overexpress XXXX and @entity4730 .

answer: @entity4731 :: (6657,Gene) :: ['SOX2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity421 is a @entity3478 , displaying significant cellular and histological heterogeneity and a complex genetic phenotype. Although multiple studies strongly suggest the presence of @entity5 stem cells in @entity421 , a consensus on their characterization is still missing. We used a combination of functional assays (sphere-forming, Aldefluor, and side-population) for identification of @entity5 stem cell populations in @entity421 cell lines. Expression of stemness-related transcription factors, quiescent nature, in vivo tumorigenicity, and Wnt/ @entity3546 activation were evaluated. We show that different @entity5 stem cell populations may co-exist in @entity421 cell lines exhibiting distinct functional properties. @entity421 spheres are slowly-proliferating populations, overexpress @entity4731 , and @entity4730 stemness-related genes and have enhanced tumorigenic potential. Additionally, spheres show specific activation of Wnt/ @entity3546 signaling as evidenced by increased nuclear @entity3546 , TCF/LEF activity, and @entity18609 expression, in a subset of the cell lines. Aldefluor-positive populations were detected in all @entity421 cell lines and overexpress @entity4731 , but not @entity4730 . The side-population phenotype is correlated with @entity10430 drug-efflux transporter expression. Distinct functional methods seem to identify @entity5 stem cells with dissimilar characteristics. Intrinsic heterogeneity may exist within @entity5 stem cells and can have implications on the design of targeted therapies aiming to eradicate these cells within @entity5 . J. Cell. Physiol. 9999: 1-11, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: @entity421 Stem Cells Have Active Wnt/ @entity3546 and Overexpress @entity4731 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4730 :: (9314,Gene) :: ['KLF4']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity421 is a @entity3478 , displaying significant cellular and histological heterogeneity and a complex genetic phenotype. Although multiple studies strongly suggest the presence of @entity5 stem cells in @entity421 , a consensus on their characterization is still missing. We used a combination of functional assays (sphere-forming, Aldefluor, and side-population) for identification of @entity5 stem cell populations in @entity421 cell lines. Expression of stemness-related transcription factors, quiescent nature, in vivo tumorigenicity, and Wnt/ @entity3546 activation were evaluated. We show that different @entity5 stem cell populations may co-exist in @entity421 cell lines exhibiting distinct functional properties. @entity421 spheres are slowly-proliferating populations, overexpress @entity4731 , and @entity4730 stemness-related genes and have enhanced tumorigenic potential. Additionally, spheres show specific activation of Wnt/ @entity3546 signaling as evidenced by increased nuclear @entity3546 , TCF/LEF activity, and @entity18609 expression, in a subset of the cell lines. Aldefluor-positive populations were detected in all @entity421 cell lines and overexpress @entity4731 , but not @entity4730 . The side-population phenotype is correlated with @entity10430 drug-efflux transporter expression. Distinct functional methods seem to identify @entity5 stem cells with dissimilar characteristics. Intrinsic heterogeneity may exist within @entity5 stem cells and can have implications on the design of targeted therapies aiming to eradicate these cells within @entity5 . J. Cell. Physiol. 9999: 1-11, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: @entity421 Stem Cells Have Active Wnt/ XXXX and Overexpress @entity4731 and @entity4730 .

answer: @entity3546 :: (1499,Gene) :: ['b-catenin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment outcome, and reproductive function in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity43 (IT). Our standard chemotherapy regime is currently @entity2879 / @entity900 (EP), creating a unique opportunity to evaluate this protocol in ovarian ITs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a retrospective analysis. Twenty-seven @entity1 older than 18 years with @entity43 stages IA to IIIC were identified and included in this study. @entity1 were treated at 1 institution, Health Sciences Center, @entity1 's Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, between 1983 and 2013. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 27.0 years (range, 18-36 years). Twenty-two (82%) presented with an International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I disease, 3 (11%) had stage II, and 2 @entity1 (7%) had @entity5 . The histologic grade distribution was grade I in 9 @entity1 (33%), grade II in 3 @entity1 (11%), and grade III in 15 @entity1 (56%). Initial management was surgical for all @entity1 : 3 (11%) hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 1 (4%) cystectomy only, and 23 (85%) unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Twenty-one @entity1 (78%) received adjuvant therapy. The median follow-up was 60 months (range, 36-72 months). One @entity1 recurred (histological grade III) 6 months after surgery and had a complete clinical response to 4 cycles of EP chemotherapy. Twelve @entity1 reported an attempt to conceive resulting in 10 pregnancies (8 after chemotherapy). CONCLUSIONS: Ovarian IT is a curable disease. Fertility-sparing surgery should be offered. Adjuvant treatment with @entity900 -based chemotherapy, typically with @entity1732 , @entity2879 , and @entity900 , is still considered the standard in stages greater than stage IA grade I. @entity2879 / @entity900 as a primary chemotherapy regime for early- or advanced-stage disease is an effective treatment with minimal adverse effects and high tolerability. This is the first published study examining EP as a primary treatment modality for IT. Further studies are needed to strengthen these findings.

title: Pure Immature XXXX in Adults: Thirty-Year Experience of a Single Tertiary Care Center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian immature teratoma', 'ovarian IT']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III disease']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'cisplatinum']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide', 'Etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Teratoma of the Ovary']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Relatively little has been written about the outcomes of medical stabilization, analyzed specifically across the age spectrum, in adults with severe @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ). METHOD: We retrospectively evaluated clinical parameters relevant to acuity of illness and outcomes of early refeeding in 142 adults with severe @entity1278 , admitted for definitive inpatient medical stabilization from October 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012. @entity1 were categorized into three age groups: 17 to 29, 30 to 40, and 41+ years. RESULTS: The study included 142 @entity1 with median age of 28 years old (range 17-65 years). Fifty-four percent (n = 78) were under 30 years old, 23% (n = 32) between 30 and 40 years old, and 23% (n = 32) were over 40 years old. Average admission BMI did not differ among age groups, ranging from 12.7 to 13.2 kg/m(2) . Of the admission parameters, only low serum @entity2313 levels (more prevalent in older @entity1 ), high international normalized ratio (INR) levels (more prevalent in younger @entity1 ), and @entity1398 (more prevalent in the <30 age group) varied with age. During hospitalization, rates of @entity1168 , @entity4053 , @entity409 , very low %IBW, refeeding @entity5886 , refeeding @entity4 , length of stay, and discharge BMI did not differ with age. Age group was associated with rate of weekly weight gain only in @entity1 with @entity1278 -binge purge subtype. DISCUSSION: Results demonstrate medical abnormalities and response to medical stabilization in severely ill @entity1278 @entity1 during hospitalization were mostly similar across the age span. This information should allay fears that the effect of age will make medical stabilization more difficult.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015).

title: Medical outcomes for adults hospitalized with severe XXXX : An analysis by age group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa', 'AN']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity5886 :: ('MESH:D017674', 'Disease') :: ['hypophosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity1278 :: (MESH:D000856,Disease) :: ['anorexia nervosa']


abstract: In @entity191 ( @entity191 ), the @entity1 brain is capable of producing motor commands, but appears to require greater than normal subjective effort, particularly for the more-affected side. What is the nature of this subjective effort and can it be altered? We used an isometric task in which @entity1 produced a goal force by engaging both arms, but were free to assign any fraction of that force to each arm. The @entity1 preferred their less-affected arm, but only in some directions. This preference was correlated with lateralization of signal-dependent noise: the direction of force for which the brain was less willing to assign effort to an arm was generally the direction for which that arm exhibited greater noise. Therefore, the direction-dependent noise in each arm acted as an implicit cost that discouraged use of that arm. To check for a causal relationship between noise and motor cost, we used bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex, placing the cathode on the more-affected side and the anode on the less-affected side. This stimulation not only reduced the noise on the more-affected arm, it also increased the willingness of the @entity1 to assign force to that arm. In a 3 d double-blind study and in a 10 d repeated stimulation study, bilateral stimulation of the two motor cortices with cathode on the more-affected side reduced noise and increased the willingness of the @entity1 to exert effort. This stimulation also improved the clinical motor symptoms of the disease. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In @entity191 , @entity1 are less willing to assign force to their affected arm. Here, we find that this pattern is direction dependent: directions for which the arm is noisier coincide with directions for which the brain is less willing to assign force. We hypothesized that if we could reduce the noise on the affected arm, then we may increase the willingness for the brain to assign force to that arm. We found a way to do this via noninvasive cortical stimulation. In addition to reducing effort costs associated with the affected arm, the cortical stimulation also improved clinical motor symptoms of the disease.

title: Altering Effort Costs in XXXX with Noninvasive Cortical Stimulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['PD', "Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's Disease']


abstract: This study investigates the presence of antibodies against food products in milk samples from 30 Guatemalan @entity1 of 3 different socioeconomic status: 10 rural poor, 10 urban poor, and 10 urban privileged. The 3 groups had varied dietary habits. Both the rural and urban poor mothers do not consume @entity291 's milk. Black beans are consumed more often by the urban groups while soy bean products are consumed by both rural and urban poor regularly. Milk samples were collected from the mothers. The volume of milk produced in a 24-hour period was estimated by weighing the @entity1 before and after every meal. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) described by Sohe-Akerlund et.al. was used in quantitating milk secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA). A modification of the ELISA method was used to determine levels of specific IgA antibodies directed against @entity291 's milk, black beans and @entity1460 . The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used in statistical analysis. Comparable amounts of SIgA were produced by the 3 groups of mothers in a 24-hour period (p0.1). The urban privileged mothers exhibited significantly higher antibody levels against @entity291 's milk (p0.01) and black beans (p0.05) compared to the other 2 groups. There were no differences in the level of anti-soybean antibodies among the 3 groups. The notion that antibodies found in the breast milk reflect the mother's intestinal antigenic experience is supported by this study. It has been suggested that anti-food protein antibodies contribute in the prevention of @entity566 . If so, @entity291 's milk fed among the rural and urban poor @entity1 may be expected to produce negative reactions. This negative reaction can be prevented by feeding the mother, before delivery, @entity291 's milk products to induce them to produce milk antibodies against @entity291 's milk.

title: Food antibodies in milk from Guatemalan XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergies']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite widespread gains toward the 5th Millennium Development Goal (MDG), pro-rich inequalities in reproductive health (RH) and @entity7310 ( @entity7310 ) are pervasive throughout the world. As countries enter the post-MDG @entity7971 and strive toward UHC, it will be important to monitor the extent to which countries are achieving equity of RH and @entity7310 service coverage. This study explores how equity of service coverage differs across countries, and explores what policy factors are associated with a country's progress, or lack thereof, toward more equitable RH and @entity7310 service coverage. METHODS: We used RH and @entity7310 service coverage data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for 74 countries to examine trends in equity between countries and over time from 1990 to 2014. We examined trends in both relative and absolute equity, and measured relative equity using a concentration index of coverage data grouped by wealth quintile. Through multivariate analysis we examined the relative importance of policy factors, such as political commitment to health, governance, and the level of prepayment, in determining countries' progress toward greater equity in RH and @entity7310 service coverage. RESULTS: Relative equity for the coverage of RH and @entity7310 services has continually increased across all countries over the past quarter century; however, inequities in coverage persist, in some countries more than others. Multivariate analysis shows that higher education and greater political commitment (measured as the share of government spending allocated to health) were significantly associated with higher equity of service coverage. Neither country income, i.e., @entity3006 per capita, nor better governance were significantly associated with equity. CONCLUSION: Equity in RH and @entity7310 service coverage has improved but varies considerably across countries and over time. Even among the subset of countries that are close to achieving the MDGs, progress made on equity varies considerably across countries. Enduring disparities in access and outcomes underpin mounting support for targeted reforms within the broader context of universal health coverage (UHC).

title: Did Equity of Reproductive and Maternal Health Service Coverage Increase during the MDG XXXX ? An Analysis of Trends and Determinants across 74 Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

entities_list: @entity7310 :: ('MESH:C536469', 'Disease') :: ['maternal health', 'MH']

answer: @entity7971 :: (26284,Gene) :: ['Era']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The accurate prediction of the risk of @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ) in @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) remains elusive. Corrected QT interval (QTc) duration is a known risk factor in various cardiac conditions. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been linked to @entity3656 , and to @entity1164 . Here we investigated the role of 21 candidate SNPs in QTc duration and @entity1164 events in @entity1 with @entity1121 . METHODS AND RESULTS: This @entity1121 registry-based study included @entity1 with an ECG, medical history, first @entity1164 event data, and DNA available. Each individual SNP was assessed using logistic regression for associations with 2 outcomes: a prolonged QTc ( >= 440 milliseconds), and first @entity1164 event ( @entity1164 , resuscitated @entity1167 , and appropriate @entity737 ( @entity737 ) shock for @entity2224 / @entity1165 (VF/VT). In 272 @entity1121 @entity1 , there were 31 @entity1164 events (8 @entity1164 , 9 resuscitated @entity1167 , 14 @entity737 shocks for VF/VT; 11%). A QTc >=  500 milliseconds was associated with @entity1164 events on multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR] = 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-12.02, P = 0.016). In 228 Caucasian @entity1 , 2 SNPs in the @entity40864 gene ( @entity71242 and @entity59871 ) were associated with a prolonged QTc after correction for multiple testing. This remained significant after adjustment for current age, sex, and >= 1 @entity1164 risk factor (OR 1.59 per copy of the minor allele, 95% CI 1.08-2.39, P = 0.022, and OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.09-2.49, P = 0.020, respectively). No SNPs were directly associated with @entity1164 events. CONCLUSION: SNPs in the @entity40864 gene influence QTc interval duration but we have not demonstrated a direct association with the risk of @entity1164 .

title: @entity40864 Polymorphisms Modify QTc Interval Duration But Not Cardiac Arrest Risk in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death', 'SCD']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['QTc length']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'implantable cardioverter defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1121 :: (MESH:D002312,Disease) :: ['Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The accurate prediction of the risk of @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ) in @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) remains elusive. Corrected QT interval (QTc) duration is a known risk factor in various cardiac conditions. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been linked to @entity3656 , and to @entity1164 . Here we investigated the role of 21 candidate SNPs in QTc duration and @entity1164 events in @entity1 with @entity1121 . METHODS AND RESULTS: This @entity1121 registry-based study included @entity1 with an ECG, medical history, first @entity1164 event data, and DNA available. Each individual SNP was assessed using logistic regression for associations with 2 outcomes: a prolonged QTc ( >= 440 milliseconds), and first @entity1164 event ( @entity1164 , resuscitated @entity1167 , and appropriate @entity737 ( @entity737 ) shock for @entity2224 / @entity1165 (VF/VT). In 272 @entity1121 @entity1 , there were 31 @entity1164 events (8 @entity1164 , 9 resuscitated @entity1167 , 14 @entity737 shocks for VF/VT; 11%). A QTc >=  500 milliseconds was associated with @entity1164 events on multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR] = 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-12.02, P = 0.016). In 228 Caucasian @entity1 , 2 SNPs in the @entity40864 gene ( @entity71242 and @entity59871 ) were associated with a prolonged QTc after correction for multiple testing. This remained significant after adjustment for current age, sex, and >= 1 @entity1164 risk factor (OR 1.59 per copy of the minor allele, 95% CI 1.08-2.39, P = 0.022, and OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.09-2.49, P = 0.020, respectively). No SNPs were directly associated with @entity1164 events. CONCLUSION: SNPs in the @entity40864 gene influence QTc interval duration but we have not demonstrated a direct association with the risk of @entity1164 .

title: XXXX Polymorphisms Modify QTc Interval Duration But Not Cardiac Arrest Risk in @entity1121 .

answer: @entity40864 :: (9722,Gene) :: ['NOS1AP']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of @entity458 ( @entity458 ) among parents of Lebanese @entity1 with @entity5 and to investigate the associated stressors and coping strategies. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center- @entity1 Cancer Center of Lebanon in 2012. Parents of all @entity1 with @entity5 admitted for treatment were eligible @entity1 . The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to estimate the prevalence of @entity458 . Coping strategies were measured via the @entity6160 ( @entity6160 ). Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationship between GHQ-12 (scores 0-36), stressors, family/social support, and coping strategies. RESULTS: One hundred fourteen parents (68.2%) completed the anonymous questionnaire. Based on GHQ-12, significant @entity458 was considered among 56.0% of the parents. It was found to be significantly positively associated with the degree of family financial problems and significantly negatively associated with the @entity1 's disease duration. A significant negative relationship was also found between @entity458 and Coping ( @entity6160 ) scale, coping pattern I (Maintaining Family Integration and an Optimistic Outlook for the Situation), pattern II (Seeking Social Support), yet not with pattern III (Seeking Information). CONCLUSIONS: @entity458 is prevalent among parents of Lebanese @entity1 hospitalized because of @entity5 . Screening for @entity458 in the latter population is feasible, would identify those who are at risk for @entity952 , and facilitate the provision of support towards better adjustment and coping. Alleviating parental @entity458 may facilitate the realization of optimal health outcomes. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Psychological distress and coping strategies in parents of @entity1 with XXXX in Lebanon.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'child', 'children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity6160 :: ('MESH:D063129', 'Disease') :: ['CHIP', 'Coping Health Inventory for Parents']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['disruptive PD']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']