abstract: Three nucleotide data sets, two mitochondrial (COI and @entity73354 ) and one nuclear (ribosomal ITS1), have been investigated in order to resolve relationships among species and strains of the genus @entity43056 . The data have some unusual properties in that mitochondrial heteroplasmy was detected in one strain of @entity12047 , and more than one class of ITS1 sequence variant can occur in a single isolate. The data failed to support the hypothesis that @entity12047 , as it is currently viewed, is a single valid species. Rather, the strains of @entity12047 seem to comprise at least three evolutionarily diverse groups, the @entity742 group, @entity291 group and @entity1641 group. Molecular distances between them are comparable to, or greater than, molecular evolutionary distances observed between recognized species. The affinities of the cervid strain of @entity12047 are unclear because of ambiguous data, but this strain does not appear to be ancestral to others. @entity2328 may not be distinct from @entity12047 . However, the remaining two species. @entity43056 and @entity43057 appear distinct and rather distant from the first two. Based on the results presented here, taxonomic revision of the genus is clearly warranted.

title: A molecular phylogeny of the genus XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1641 :: ('9796', 'Species') :: ['horse strain']

entities_list: @entity43056 :: ('6213', 'Species') :: ['Echinococcus', 'E. vogeli']

entities_list: @entity742 :: ('9940', 'Species') :: ['sheep strain']

entities_list: @entity2328 :: ('6211', 'Species') :: ['E. multilocularis']

entities_list: @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['bovine strain']

answer: @entity43056 :: (6213,Species) :: ['Echinococcus']


abstract: Alterations in the luminal microflora and increased intestinal translocation have been reported to occur following experimental and clinical small bowel transplantation (SBT). @entity1944 ( @entity1944 ) has been used to prevent luminal overgrowth and bacterial translocation. Despite the wide use of @entity1944 in clinical SBT, there are no data supporting its usefulness in this situation. Thus, the aim of this investigation was to examine the effects of @entity205 (CsA) and @entity1944 upon @entity6124 and translocation in a @entity1707 model of SBT. Nineteen Large White female @entity1707 weighing 30 +/- 2 kg underwent a total orthotopic SBT and were randomly allocated to one of the following experimental groups as follows: Group 1 (No. 8) @entity870 25 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)/day administered subcutaneously and @entity7048 2 g/day im. Group 2 (No. 6) received the identical immunosuppression but the @entity7048 2 g/day im was discontinued on the 5th Postoperative Day (pod) and switched to a @entity1944 regimen consisting of @entity2176 , 1 g, @entity8701 , 500,000 IU, Colistin, 1,500,000 IU, and @entity2890 , 100 mg, given through a @entity5274 . Group 3 (No. 5) received no immunosuppression but antibiotic consisting of @entity7048 2 g im/day. Group 4 (No. 7) underwent a small bowel autotransplantation. Group 4 received @entity1944 as in group 2 but no immunosuppression was given. Finally, 17 normal animals were sham-operated and were used as normal controls (N group). The animals in groups 1, 2, and 4 were sacrificed on the 29th pod. Those in group 3 were sacrificed on the 7th pod.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Parenteral antibiotics and selective intestinal decontamination do not prevent enteric XXXX or translocation observed in a @entity1707 model of small bowel transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['SID', 'Selective intestinal decontamination']

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['Cefazolin']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['Vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['Tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine A']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['gastrostomy tube']

entities_list: @entity6124 :: ('MESH:D001765', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial overgrowth']

entities_list: @entity8701 :: ('MESH:D009761', 'Chemical') :: ['Nystatin']

answer: @entity6124 :: (MESH:D001765,Disease) :: ['bacterial overgrowth']


abstract: Alterations in the luminal microflora and increased intestinal translocation have been reported to occur following experimental and clinical small bowel transplantation (SBT). @entity1944 ( @entity1944 ) has been used to prevent luminal overgrowth and bacterial translocation. Despite the wide use of @entity1944 in clinical SBT, there are no data supporting its usefulness in this situation. Thus, the aim of this investigation was to examine the effects of @entity205 (CsA) and @entity1944 upon @entity6124 and translocation in a @entity1707 model of SBT. Nineteen Large White female @entity1707 weighing 30 +/- 2 kg underwent a total orthotopic SBT and were randomly allocated to one of the following experimental groups as follows: Group 1 (No. 8) @entity870 25 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)/day administered subcutaneously and @entity7048 2 g/day im. Group 2 (No. 6) received the identical immunosuppression but the @entity7048 2 g/day im was discontinued on the 5th Postoperative Day (pod) and switched to a @entity1944 regimen consisting of @entity2176 , 1 g, @entity8701 , 500,000 IU, Colistin, 1,500,000 IU, and @entity2890 , 100 mg, given through a @entity5274 . Group 3 (No. 5) received no immunosuppression but antibiotic consisting of @entity7048 2 g im/day. Group 4 (No. 7) underwent a small bowel autotransplantation. Group 4 received @entity1944 as in group 2 but no immunosuppression was given. Finally, 17 normal animals were sham-operated and were used as normal controls (N group). The animals in groups 1, 2, and 4 were sacrificed on the 29th pod. Those in group 3 were sacrificed on the 7th pod.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Parenteral antibiotics and selective intestinal decontamination do not prevent enteric @entity6124 or translocation observed in a XXXX model of small bowel transplantation.

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence of urgent hospitalization due to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in @entity1 aged >= 65  years, to compare the in-hospital mortality rates between @entity1 admitted for ADRs and those admitted for other causes, and to describe the ADRs, the used and suspected drugs, and the @entity137 associations. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted by using the institutional database of the Pharmacovigilance Programme of Bellvitge University Hospital, a 750-bed tertiary care hospital, with information corresponding to a 7-year period. @entity3105 -related admissions of @entity1 aged >= 65  years prospectively identified through a systematic daily review of all admission diagnosis were reviewed. RESULTS: ADRs were suspected to be the main reason for urgent admission in 1976 out of 60,263 @entity1 aged >= 65  years (prevalence of @entity3105 -related hospitalization 3.3  % [95  % CI 3.1-3.4  %]). The crude in-hospital mortality rate was 10.2  % in @entity1 with @entity3105 -related admission and 9  % in @entity1 admitted for other causes (p   =   0.077). Most @entity1 (86  %) were exposed to polypharmacy, and a drug-drug interaction was suspected in 49  % of cases. The most frequent @entity137 associations were @entity810 related to renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, @entity360 caused by antithrombotics and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, and @entity510 induced by @entity2067 antagonists. CONCLUSIONS: One out of every 30 urgent admissions of @entity1 aged >= 65  years is @entity3105 -related. These ADRs can be as serious and life-threatening as any other acute pathology that merits urgent hospital admission. Most cases involve @entity1 exposed to polypharmacy and result from well-known reactions of a few commonly used drugs.

title: XXXX leading to urgent hospital admission in an elderly population: prevalence and main features.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['drug-reaction']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Adverse drug reactions']


abstract: Neuronal @entity934 receptors (AChRs) that bind alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha Bgt) (alpha Bgt-AChRs) have previously been found to contain at least one of the @entity73355 gene products. No other gene products of the 11 neuronal AChR genes cloned to date from @entity35 and/or @entity1573 have been identified in such receptors. @entity1573 ciliary ganglia have about 20 fmol of alpha Bgt-AChRs that contain alpha 7 subunits and 5 fmol of synaptic-type AChRs that bind the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 35 and collectively contain alpha 3, beta 4, alpha 5, and, to a lesser extent, beta 2 subunits. Using a sensitive solid-phase immunoprecipitation assay, we show here that ciliary ganglia have about 1 fmol of novel putative AChRs that bind both alpha Bgt and mAb 35 but appear to lack all of the known neuronal AChR gene products in ciliary ganglia, including alpha 3, alpha 5, alpha 7, beta 2, and beta 4. The putative receptors are also unlikely to contain either alpha 8 or @entity73355 gene products, because of the known expression patterns of these gene products. Nonetheless, the component sediments at 10 S, as expected for neuronal AChRs, and has a nicotinic pharmacology similar but not identical to that of alpha 7-containing alpha Bgt-AChRs. The AChR alpha 1 gene product expressed in muscle is known to bind both alpha Bgt and mAb 35, and we show here that ciliary ganglia contain small amounts of alpha 1 transcript. The putative ciliary ganglion AChR defined by joint alpha Bgt and mAb 35 binding, however, does not appear to contain alpha 1 subunits. A similar component binding both mAb 35 and alpha Bgt can be detected in sympathetic ganglia and dorsal root ganglia but not in brain, spinal cord, or retina. The developmental time course of the component in ciliary ganglia is comparable to that of the alpha 7-containing alpha Bgt-AChRs. If the component is a functional AChR on ciliary ganglion neurons, as seems likely, it would represent the fourth AChR subtype produced by this population of cells. Our inability to identify subunits comprising the putative receptors raises the possibility that additional AChR genes remain to be cloned.

title: Novel subpopulation of neuronal XXXX receptors among those binding alpha-bungarotoxin.

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Low-level vagus nerve stimulation (LL-VNS) has been demonstrated to protect myocardium against acute @entity63 /reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the underlying mechanism of this protective effect remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that LL-VNS exerts cardioprotective effect on acute I/R injury in canines via antioxidative stress and antiapoptosis reactions. METHOD: Thirty anesthetized mongrel @entity235 were randomly divided into three groups: I/R group (N = 12, the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 1 hour following by 1 hour reperfusion), LL-VNS group (N = 9, I/R plus LL-VNS), and sham group (N = 9, sham surgery without LL-VNS). The voltage threshold was set at 80% of the voltage required to slow the sinus rate. @entity1188 size was assessed with Evans Blue and @entity5045 . Activity assays, TUNEL staining, and western blotting were performed to determine markers of oxidative stress and apoptosis. RESULTS: LL-VNS significantly decreased the incidence of @entity943 , increased vagal tone, as confirmed by heart rate viability, and reduced @entity1188 size compared with the I/R group. This improvement was associated with a reduction in myocardial neutrophil infiltration, the inhibition of oxidative stress, and the suppression in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In contrast, the lack of LL-VNS in the I/R group induced the opposite effect compared with the sham group. CONCLUSION: LL-VNS exerts protective effects on myocardial I/R injury. Its potential mechanisms involve the suppression of oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis.

title: Low-Level Vagus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Myocardial Ischemic Reperfusion Injury by Antioxidative Stress and Antiapoptosis Reactions in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5045 :: ('MESH:C009591', 'Chemical') :: ['triphenyltetrazolium chloride']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Infarct', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['Canines']


abstract: Chemotherapy for @entity1313 has been limited because of difficulty in achieving adequate exposure to the @entity5 without systemic @entity137 . We have developed a method for local sustained release of chemotherapeutic agents by their incorporation into biodegradable polymers. Implantation of the drug-impregnated polymer at the @entity5 site allows prolonged local exposure with minimal systemic exposure. We conducted a randomised, placebo-controlled, prospective study to evaluate the effectiveness of biodegradable polymers impregnated with @entity3600 to treat recurrent @entity11 . In 27 medical centres, 222 @entity1 with recurrent @entity1313 requiring re-operation were randomly assigned to receive surgically implanted biodegradable polymer discs with or without 3.85% @entity3600 . Randomisation balanced the treatment groups for all of the prognostic factors examined. Median survival of the 110 @entity1 who received @entity3600 polymers was 31 weeks compared with 23 weeks for the 112 @entity1 who received only placebo polymers (hazard ratio = 0.67, p = 0.006, after accounting for the effects of prognostic factors). Among @entity1 with @entity463 , 6-month survival in those treated with @entity3600 -polymer discs was 50% greater than in those treated with placebo (mortality = 32 of 72 [44%] vs 47 of 73 [64%], p = 0.02). There were no clinically important adverse reactions related to the @entity3600 polymer, either in the brain or systemically. Interstitial chemotherapy delivered with polymers directly to @entity1313 at the time of surgery seems to be a safe and effective treatment for recurrent @entity11 .

title: Placebo-controlled trial of safety and efficacy of intraoperative controlled delivery by biodegradable polymers of chemotherapy for recurrent XXXX . The Polymer-brain Tumor Treatment Group.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumours', 'malignant brain tumours']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity3600 :: ('MESH:D002330', 'Chemical') :: ['carmustine']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Larval therapy is used as alternative treatment for hard-to-heal chronic and infected wounds. @entity4058 is the most used blowfly species. However, it has been shown recently that Sarconesiopsis magellanica larval excretions and secretions have potent antibacterial activity; this blowfly belongs to the Calliphoridae family. The present work has dealt with evaluating larval therapy using S. magellanica on wounds induced in @entity6 @entity95 and its action was compared to the effect induced by @entity4058 . Twelve New Zealand White @entity95 ( @entity95 ) were used; they were divided into 4 groups, the first two being treated with larval therapy derived from both aforementioned necrophagous blowflies, an antibiotic was used in the third and the fourth was used as control. All the animals were wounded on the back and infected with @entity796 and @entity794 . Samples of the secretion from each @entity281 wound were taken and sown on blood agar. The colony forming units were then counted. The PUSH scale was used for the macroscopic evaluation of the wounds. Bacterial control was encountered 48h post-treatment in the treatments involving larval therapy and to a lesser extent with the antibiotic. Likewise, wound debridement was quicker and more efficient with larval therapy compared to the antibiotic group; however, wound closing time was 23 days in all treatments. The group treated with S. magellanica larvae had relatively quicker evolution until the proliferation phase and the start of maturation, even though there were no significant differences between both blowfly species evaluated here regarding treatments by the end of the treatment period. The present study has validated the @entity6 @entity95 model for inducing chronic wounds regarding larval therapy and has likewise confirmed the effectiveness of S. magellanica-derived larval therapy as an alternative for curing and healing wounds.

title: Evaluating Sarconesiopsis magellanica blowfly-derived larval therapy and comparing it to XXXX -derived therapy in an animal model.

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit', 'Oryctolagus cuniculus']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ["animal's infected"]

entities_list: @entity4058 :: ('13632', 'Species') :: ['L. sericata', 'Lucilia sericata']

answer: @entity4058 :: (13632,Species) :: ['Lucilia sericata']


abstract: @entity259 is rare, but many thyroidectomies continue to be performed simply to exclude a diagnosis of @entity5 . The purpose of this study was to determine the potential financial savings associated with the use of proton magnetic resonance analysis of @entity5 . Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on tissue obtained at the time of surgery from 98 consecutive solitary or dominant thyroid nodules. Fine-needle biopsies were also performed on operative specimens, and the tissues assessed by proton magnetic resonance; these spectra were then compared with those obtained from tissue specimens. An estimate of potential savings was obtained by comparing the magnetic resonance data with the indications for surgery and pathology on all @entity1 having thyroidectomy over a 10-year period. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was able to distinguish between normal thyroid tissue and invasive @entity259 with 100% specificity. @entity652 fall into two groups: 44% having a spectral pattern comparable with normal thyroid, and the remaining 56% demonstrating an altered spectral pattern more comparable to the malignant magnetic resonance profile. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy on fine-needle biopsy specimens produced spectra similar to those from tissues from the same @entity1 . From a fine-needle biopsy specimen, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy can identify a group of @entity652 with spectral profiles akin to those of normal thyroid cells, thus avoiding the need for unnecessary surgical excision. The potential savings in one surgical unit alone were over  1 million in 10 years.

title: Proton magnetic resonance and @entity1 thyroid neoplasia. II: Potential avoidance of surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['follicular neoplasms', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['Benign follicular adenomas', 'benign follicular adenomas']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['Thyroid cancer', 'thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['benign follicular neoplasms']


abstract: @entity259 is rare, but many thyroidectomies continue to be performed simply to exclude a diagnosis of @entity5 . The purpose of this study was to determine the potential financial savings associated with the use of proton magnetic resonance analysis of @entity5 . Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on tissue obtained at the time of surgery from 98 consecutive solitary or dominant thyroid nodules. Fine-needle biopsies were also performed on operative specimens, and the tissues assessed by proton magnetic resonance; these spectra were then compared with those obtained from tissue specimens. An estimate of potential savings was obtained by comparing the magnetic resonance data with the indications for surgery and pathology on all @entity1 having thyroidectomy over a 10-year period. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was able to distinguish between normal thyroid tissue and invasive @entity259 with 100% specificity. @entity652 fall into two groups: 44% having a spectral pattern comparable with normal thyroid, and the remaining 56% demonstrating an altered spectral pattern more comparable to the malignant magnetic resonance profile. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy on fine-needle biopsy specimens produced spectra similar to those from tissues from the same @entity1 . From a fine-needle biopsy specimen, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy can identify a group of @entity652 with spectral profiles akin to those of normal thyroid cells, thus avoiding the need for unnecessary surgical excision. The potential savings in one surgical unit alone were over  1 million in 10 years.

title: Proton magnetic resonance and XXXX thyroid neoplasia. II: Potential avoidance of surgery for @entity5 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ) is a severe genetically @entity14827 . @entity1 present with three principal phenotypes of motor symptoms: choreatic, @entity2003 and mixed. The Q175 @entity19 model of disease offers an opportunity to investigate the cellular basis of the @entity2003 form of @entity2033 . At the age of 1year homozygote Q175 @entity19 exhibited the following signs of @entity2845 : Reduced frequency of spontaneous movements on a precision balance at daytime (-55%), increased total time spent without movement in an open field (+42%), failures in the execution of unconditioned avoidance reactions (+32%), reduced ability for conditioned avoidance (-96%) and increased reaction times (+65%) in a shuttle box. Local field potential recordings revealed @entity4365 in the striatum as a characteristic feature of @entity2033 @entity19 at rest. There was no significant loss of @entity46236 immunolabeled striatal projection neurons (SPNs) although the level of @entity46236 immunoreactivity was lower in @entity2033 . As a potential cause of @entity2845 , @entity2033 @entity19 revealed a strong reduction in striatal @entity10406 -induced @entity935 release, accompanied by a decrease in the number of @entity4149 hydroxylase-(TH)- and @entity57557 -positive synaptic varicosities. The presynaptic TH fluorescence level was also reduced. Patch-clamp experiments were performed in slices from 1-year-old @entity19 to record unitary EPSCs (uEPSCs) of presumed cortical origin in the absence of G-protein-mediated modulation. In @entity2033 @entity19 , the maximal amplitudes of uEPSCs amounted to 69% of the WT level which matches the loss of @entity18358 +/SYP+ synaptic terminals in immunostained sections. These results identify impairment of cortico-striatal synaptic transmission and @entity935 release as a potential basis of @entity2845 in @entity2033 .

title: Pathological gamma oscillations, impaired XXXX release, synapse loss and reduced dynamic range of unitary glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the striatum of hypokinetic Q175 Huntington @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinetic-rigid']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2033 :: ('MESH:D006816', 'Disease') :: ["Huntington's disease", 'HD']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinesia']

entities_list: @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['low-frequency gamma oscillations']

entities_list: @entity14827 :: ('MESH:D020271', 'Disease') :: ['inherited neurodegenerative disorder']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ) is a severe genetically @entity14827 . @entity1 present with three principal phenotypes of motor symptoms: choreatic, @entity2003 and mixed. The Q175 @entity19 model of disease offers an opportunity to investigate the cellular basis of the @entity2003 form of @entity2033 . At the age of 1year homozygote Q175 @entity19 exhibited the following signs of @entity2845 : Reduced frequency of spontaneous movements on a precision balance at daytime (-55%), increased total time spent without movement in an open field (+42%), failures in the execution of unconditioned avoidance reactions (+32%), reduced ability for conditioned avoidance (-96%) and increased reaction times (+65%) in a shuttle box. Local field potential recordings revealed @entity4365 in the striatum as a characteristic feature of @entity2033 @entity19 at rest. There was no significant loss of @entity46236 immunolabeled striatal projection neurons (SPNs) although the level of @entity46236 immunoreactivity was lower in @entity2033 . As a potential cause of @entity2845 , @entity2033 @entity19 revealed a strong reduction in striatal @entity10406 -induced @entity935 release, accompanied by a decrease in the number of @entity4149 hydroxylase-(TH)- and @entity57557 -positive synaptic varicosities. The presynaptic TH fluorescence level was also reduced. Patch-clamp experiments were performed in slices from 1-year-old @entity19 to record unitary EPSCs (uEPSCs) of presumed cortical origin in the absence of G-protein-mediated modulation. In @entity2033 @entity19 , the maximal amplitudes of uEPSCs amounted to 69% of the WT level which matches the loss of @entity18358 +/SYP+ synaptic terminals in immunostained sections. These results identify impairment of cortico-striatal synaptic transmission and @entity935 release as a potential basis of @entity2845 in @entity2033 .

title: Pathological gamma oscillations, impaired @entity935 release, synapse loss and reduced dynamic range of unitary glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the striatum of hypokinetic Q175 Huntington XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between @entity2720 ( @entity2720 ) occurrence at the lumbar spine and Facet Joint (FJ) orientation, -tropism and - @entity625 . METHODS: Study group, 36 consecutive @entity1 with @entity2720 and the same number of controls, with @entity179 without @entity2720 were match paired for demographics and spine segment. Parameter assessment was by T2-weighted axial MRI scans. @entity2720 diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically. Group comparison was by Student's t-test for continuous variables and X(2) for categorical variables. RESULTS: Nineteen female and 17 male @entity1 , aged between 45 and 85 years (mean 67.19  10.3 years) had a mean @entity2720 size of 9.26  4.8mm occurring most frequently in the segment L4-L5 (75% n=25) and on the left side (61%). Mean FJ orientation of the study group was significantly more coronal compared to controls (left side 42   vs 36  , p<0.02*, 95% confidence interval: 0.9-11.5 and right side 43   vs 37  , p<0.02*, 95% confidence interval: 0.6-10.6 respectively). However, individual intersegmental analysis for study group @entity1 showed the @entity2720 bearing side to be significantly more sagittally oriented 40    11.2   compared to 45    13.2   for the side without FJC (p<0.03*, 95% confidence interval: 8.1-1.7). 50% of the study group showed FJ asymmetry compared to 30% in controls, with a trend for FJ tropism (p<0.07). Severe (grade 3) FJ @entity625 was significantly more predominant in the study group 23/33 (p<0.001*) as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to a control group, @entity2720 occurrence is associated with significant higher rates of @entity625 and coronally orientated FJ. At intersegment comparison within the same @entity1 cysts located in more sagittally orientated FJ and the asymmetric segments show a trend for FJ tropism.

title: Lumbar juxta-facet joint cysts in association with facet joint orientation, -tropism and - XXXX : A case-control study.

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['JFC', 'juxta-facet-joint cysts']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: We have previously reported that fresh frozen plasma (FFP) may induce a rapid irreversible shock when repeatedly infused in @entity1707 challenged with Gram-negative @entity295 . The aims of the present study were to elucidate the cardiovascular nature of the shock and determine the aetiologic role of @entity5 @entity39 factor (TNF), complement activation and @entity1508 anaesthesia. Three groups of anaesthetized piglets were inoculated with a lethal dose of live @entity526 bacteria. Groups I (n = 8) and III (n = 8) were anaesthetized with @entity1508 and group II (n = 8) with @entity3652 . Animals in groups I and II received repeated infusions of FFP, whereas animals in group III received repeated infusions of 7% albumin. Six animals in group I and four animals in group II died during the first plasma infusion. Survival time was significantly longer in group II (P = 0.04) compared to group I. No animals in group III died during the albumin infusions, and no adverse effects were observed during the infusions. In group I the plasma induced shock was characterized by abruptly falling mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance index and left ventricular contractility. Concomitant increases were recorded in left ventricular filling pressure and central venous pressure. Group II demonstrated a similar, but delayed response. Plasma infusion was associated with a significant increase in terminal complement complex (TCC) (P < 0.03 in group I, P < 0.05 in group II) and depletion of serum ionized @entity460 . We conclude that FFP may induce fatal @entity296 and @entity1457 in severe @entity295 . Complement activation may be of aetiologic importance.

title: Fatal @entity296 and @entity1457 associated with complement activation induced by plasma infusion in severe porcine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial depression']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory collapse']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: We have previously reported that fresh frozen plasma (FFP) may induce a rapid irreversible shock when repeatedly infused in @entity1707 challenged with Gram-negative @entity295 . The aims of the present study were to elucidate the cardiovascular nature of the shock and determine the aetiologic role of @entity5 @entity39 factor (TNF), complement activation and @entity1508 anaesthesia. Three groups of anaesthetized piglets were inoculated with a lethal dose of live @entity526 bacteria. Groups I (n = 8) and III (n = 8) were anaesthetized with @entity1508 and group II (n = 8) with @entity3652 . Animals in groups I and II received repeated infusions of FFP, whereas animals in group III received repeated infusions of 7% albumin. Six animals in group I and four animals in group II died during the first plasma infusion. Survival time was significantly longer in group II (P = 0.04) compared to group I. No animals in group III died during the albumin infusions, and no adverse effects were observed during the infusions. In group I the plasma induced shock was characterized by abruptly falling mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance index and left ventricular contractility. Concomitant increases were recorded in left ventricular filling pressure and central venous pressure. Group II demonstrated a similar, but delayed response. Plasma infusion was associated with a significant increase in terminal complement complex (TCC) (P < 0.03 in group I, P < 0.05 in group II) and depletion of serum ionized @entity460 . We conclude that FFP may induce fatal @entity296 and @entity1457 in severe @entity295 . Complement activation may be of aetiologic importance.

title: Fatal @entity296 and XXXX associated with complement activation induced by plasma infusion in severe porcine @entity295 .

answer: @entity1457 :: (MESH:D012769,Disease) :: ['circulatory collapse']


abstract: We have previously reported that fresh frozen plasma (FFP) may induce a rapid irreversible shock when repeatedly infused in @entity1707 challenged with Gram-negative @entity295 . The aims of the present study were to elucidate the cardiovascular nature of the shock and determine the aetiologic role of @entity5 @entity39 factor (TNF), complement activation and @entity1508 anaesthesia. Three groups of anaesthetized piglets were inoculated with a lethal dose of live @entity526 bacteria. Groups I (n = 8) and III (n = 8) were anaesthetized with @entity1508 and group II (n = 8) with @entity3652 . Animals in groups I and II received repeated infusions of FFP, whereas animals in group III received repeated infusions of 7% albumin. Six animals in group I and four animals in group II died during the first plasma infusion. Survival time was significantly longer in group II (P = 0.04) compared to group I. No animals in group III died during the albumin infusions, and no adverse effects were observed during the infusions. In group I the plasma induced shock was characterized by abruptly falling mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance index and left ventricular contractility. Concomitant increases were recorded in left ventricular filling pressure and central venous pressure. Group II demonstrated a similar, but delayed response. Plasma infusion was associated with a significant increase in terminal complement complex (TCC) (P < 0.03 in group I, P < 0.05 in group II) and depletion of serum ionized @entity460 . We conclude that FFP may induce fatal @entity296 and @entity1457 in severe @entity295 . Complement activation may be of aetiologic importance.

title: Fatal XXXX and @entity1457 associated with complement activation induced by plasma infusion in severe porcine @entity295 .

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial depression']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in optimally cytoreduced @entity43 ( @entity43 ) @entity1 have demonstrated an impressive survival benefit of intraperitoneal (IP) @entity902 over intravenous (IV), but its use has been limited by significant @entity137 from @entity900 . The aim of this study was to compare the @entity137 and tolerability of IP @entity900 to IP @entity3003 in @entity1 with optimally cytoreduced @entity43 . METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 141 @entity1 with @entity43 who underwent optimal surgical cytoreduction followed by IV @entity1311 and IP @entity900 or IP @entity3003 was performed. @entity137 of the two treatment regimens were compared. As a secondary outcome, @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and progression-free survival (PFS) probabilities were obtained using the Kaplan-Meier estimate; the log-rank test was used to compare survival curves. RESULTS: Of the 141 @entity1 , 77 (54.6%) received IP @entity900 and 64 (45.4%) received IP @entity3003 . Eighty-six percent received at least 4cycles of IP chemotherapy. IP @entity900 was associated with significantly more grade 3 @entity390 and @entity391 (10.4% vs 1.6%, p=0.033), grade 3 @entity16 (7.8% vs 0%, p=0.013) and grade 2-3 @entity1398 (22.1% vs 9.4%, p=0.042). No difference in PFS (p=0.602) or @entity1349 (p=0.107) was found between the groups. CONCLUSION: IP chemotherapy had a high completion rate in both groups of @entity1 . IP @entity3003 required a less resource intense protocol and was tolerated better than IP @entity900 with less @entity1503 .

title: A comparison of the XXXX and tolerability of two intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimens for @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['EOC', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicities', 'toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal, neurologic and hematologic toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in optimally cytoreduced @entity43 ( @entity43 ) @entity1 have demonstrated an impressive survival benefit of intraperitoneal (IP) @entity902 over intravenous (IV), but its use has been limited by significant @entity137 from @entity900 . The aim of this study was to compare the @entity137 and tolerability of IP @entity900 to IP @entity3003 in @entity1 with optimally cytoreduced @entity43 . METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 141 @entity1 with @entity43 who underwent optimal surgical cytoreduction followed by IV @entity1311 and IP @entity900 or IP @entity3003 was performed. @entity137 of the two treatment regimens were compared. As a secondary outcome, @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and progression-free survival (PFS) probabilities were obtained using the Kaplan-Meier estimate; the log-rank test was used to compare survival curves. RESULTS: Of the 141 @entity1 , 77 (54.6%) received IP @entity900 and 64 (45.4%) received IP @entity3003 . Eighty-six percent received at least 4cycles of IP chemotherapy. IP @entity900 was associated with significantly more grade 3 @entity390 and @entity391 (10.4% vs 1.6%, p=0.033), grade 3 @entity16 (7.8% vs 0%, p=0.013) and grade 2-3 @entity1398 (22.1% vs 9.4%, p=0.042). No difference in PFS (p=0.602) or @entity1349 (p=0.107) was found between the groups. CONCLUSION: IP chemotherapy had a high completion rate in both groups of @entity1 . IP @entity3003 required a less resource intense protocol and was tolerated better than IP @entity900 with less @entity1503 .

title: A comparison of the @entity137 and tolerability of two intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimens for XXXX .

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Stricture formation resulting in impedance of gastric emptying is a relatively common complication after gastric surgery that involves @entity254 creation or pyloroplasty. Treatment of the @entity850 with fluoroscopically guided @entity384 avoids further surgery. Accordingly, we report our experience with 32 dilating procedures in 24 consecutive @entity1 who had the postoperative complication of obstruction at a surgically created gastric outlet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Out of our series of approximately 650 fluoroscopically guided balloon dilatations, 32 procedures were performed on 24 @entity1 with anastomotic strictures or pyloric narrowing after gastric surgery (vertical banded gastroplasty or gastric bypass surgery [n = 15], partial esophagectomy with esophagogastrostomy and pyloroplasty [n = 6], and partial gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy [n = 3]). The group included 13 @entity1 and 11 @entity1 ranging from 32 to 79 years old (mean, 51 years). Diameters of the balloons chosen ranged from 10 to 20 mm, depending on the size of the surgically created @entity254 or pyloroplasty. Indications for @entity384 were clinical and radiographic evidence of @entity1084 . The procedures were done between 13 days and 10 years (mean, 14 months) after gastric surgery. The result of each procedure was assessed by evaluating clinical outcome (relief or recurrence of symptoms) during the follow-up period of 2 days to 36 months (mean, 8 months) after the procedure. RESULTS: In 17 of the 24 @entity1 , the obstructive symptoms were treated successfully with a single dilatation procedure, and symptoms did not recur during follow-up ranging from 1 to 36 months (mean, 11 months). In the other seven @entity1 , the procedure was considered unsuccessful because the @entity1 experienced recurrent obstruction within 2 days to 13 weeks (mean, 3 weeks) after the initial procedure. In one of these, symptoms were relieved by a second procedure. Repeat dilatations in the other six @entity1 were unsuccessful, and all six eventually required surgical revision for definitive treatment. No complicating perforations were noted as a result of dilatation. CONCLUSION: Our experience shows that fluoroscopically guided @entity384 is a simple and safe technique for treating obstructive symptoms caused by strictures occurring after gastric surgery. In the majority of @entity1 , symptoms are relieved with a single @entity384 , eliminating the need for further surgery. However, @entity1 whose obstructive symptoms recur after the initial @entity384 procedure are less likely to benefit from further dilatations and usually require surgery.

title: Strictures after gastric surgery: treatment with fluoroscopically guided XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilatation']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1084 :: ('MESH:D017219', 'Disease') :: ['gastric outlet obstruction']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['balloon dilatation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to describe the characteristics of @entity957 of the oral cavity on unenhanced and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted spin-echo (SE) MR images and unenhanced T2-weighted @entity9468 ( @entity9468 ) MR images and to determine which sequences best delineate the margins and extent of the @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 with proved squamous cell @entity1697 (tongue, 24; floor of mouth, seven; buccal mucosa, four; maxillary gingiva, two; and mandibular gingiva, seven) underwent unenhanced axial T2-weighted @entity9468 MR imaging and unenhanced and enhanced axial and coronal T1-weighted SE MR imaging. The appearance, signal characteristics, and extent of the @entity5 were assessed, and the delineation of @entity5 margins with each sequence or combination of sequences was evaluated by use of a grading system ranging from 1 (poor) to 3 (excellent). Three @entity1 were excluded because of artifacts on the MR images caused by dental restorations. RESULTS: Tumors in all 41 @entity1 were depicted on unenhanced T1-weighted SE images, but in four @entity1 , @entity5 were not visible on T2-weighted @entity9468 images. Except for @entity5 that invaded the maxillary gingiva, the @entity5 generally had homogeneous, low signal intensity on unenhanced T1-weighted images and nonhomogeneous, high signal intensity on T2-weighted @entity9468 images. All @entity5 showed enhancement, 76% with a nonhomogeneous appearance. The delineation of @entity5 margins was excellent (grade 3) in 31 cases and fair (grade 2) in 10 cases. The highest rating was given for unenhanced T1-weighted images in 10 cases, for contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images in 10 cases, for the combination of both unenhanced and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images in 18 cases, for the combination of unenhanced T1-weighted and T2-weighted @entity9468 images in five cases, and for T2-weighted @entity9468 images in one case. In three cases, the highest rating was given for both combinations of pulse sequences. CONCLUSION: An unenhanced T1-weighted sequence should be used as the basic pulse sequence for MR imaging of @entity5 of the oral cavity. When @entity5 margins are not clearly delineated with this sequence, T2-weighted @entity9468 and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences should be added. Although both of these sequences provide supplementary information, the contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequence is more useful in delineating the margins and extent of @entity5 than is the T2-weighted @entity9468 sequence.

title: Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: MR findings and value of T1-versus T2-weighted XXXX images.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the oral cavity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity9468 :: ('MESH:D014717', 'Disease') :: ['fast spin-echo', 'FSE']

answer: @entity9468 :: (MESH:D014717,Disease) :: ['fast spin-echo']


abstract: To confirm the effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), pneumococcal nasopharyngeal (NP) carriage was compared between vaccinated (3 + 1 doses PCV7) and non-vaccinated @entity1 . Vaccinated subjects were recruited from highly vaccinated regions (>=  60%), Seoul and Incheon whereas control subjects were recruited from Jeju Island where vaccination rates are low (< 15%). NP swabs were obtained from 400 @entity1 aged 18-59 months. Serotype and antibiotic susceptibility was analyzed. Pneumococcal carriage rate was 18.0% (36/200) and 31.5% (63/200) for the vaccinated and control group, respectively. Among those vaccinated, 41.7% (15/36) of the serotypes were vaccine-related type (VRT: 6A, 6C, 19A) with the most common serotype 6C. The next common type was non-typable/non-capsule 30.6% (11/36) followed by non- @entity6831 16.7% (6/36) and @entity6831 ( @entity6831 ) serotypes were found in only 11.1% (4/36). In contrast, 52.4% (33/63) of the isolates in the control group were @entity6831 . Resistance rates for @entity114 and @entity2929 were lower in the vaccine group (vaccine vs control; @entity114 45.2% vs 71.4%, @entity2929 74.2% vs 90.5%, P < 0.05). Multi-drug resistance was also lower in vaccinated subjects (vaccine vs control; 45.2% vs 69.8%, P < 0.05). PCV7 reduces carriage in @entity6831 which leads to replacement of pneumococci by antibiotic susceptible VRT or non- @entity6831 strains.

title: Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage of XXXX attending day care centers in Korea: comparison between @entity1 immunized with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and non-immunized.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity6831 :: ('MESH:D004673', 'Disease') :: ['vaccine type', 'VT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: To confirm the effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), pneumococcal nasopharyngeal (NP) carriage was compared between vaccinated (3 + 1 doses PCV7) and non-vaccinated @entity1 . Vaccinated subjects were recruited from highly vaccinated regions (>=  60%), Seoul and Incheon whereas control subjects were recruited from Jeju Island where vaccination rates are low (< 15%). NP swabs were obtained from 400 @entity1 aged 18-59 months. Serotype and antibiotic susceptibility was analyzed. Pneumococcal carriage rate was 18.0% (36/200) and 31.5% (63/200) for the vaccinated and control group, respectively. Among those vaccinated, 41.7% (15/36) of the serotypes were vaccine-related type (VRT: 6A, 6C, 19A) with the most common serotype 6C. The next common type was non-typable/non-capsule 30.6% (11/36) followed by non- @entity6831 16.7% (6/36) and @entity6831 ( @entity6831 ) serotypes were found in only 11.1% (4/36). In contrast, 52.4% (33/63) of the isolates in the control group were @entity6831 . Resistance rates for @entity114 and @entity2929 were lower in the vaccine group (vaccine vs control; @entity114 45.2% vs 71.4%, @entity2929 74.2% vs 90.5%, P < 0.05). Multi-drug resistance was also lower in vaccinated subjects (vaccine vs control; 45.2% vs 69.8%, P < 0.05). PCV7 reduces carriage in @entity6831 which leads to replacement of pneumococci by antibiotic susceptible VRT or non- @entity6831 strains.

title: Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage of @entity1 attending day care centers in Korea: comparison between XXXX immunized with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and non-immunized.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Washing the renal cavities using minipercutaneous surgery shaft is an ideal technical procedure for retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) when lithiasic fragmentation is significant or if the anatomy of the renal cavities may obstruct the spontaneous elimination of fragments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we performed 37 RIRS on 35 @entity1 with @entity8 (14 @entity1 , 21 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 56 (range 33-72) years, divided into two groups in accordance with the size of their @entity1290 . Group A, 23 @entity1 with @entity9279 <1.5 cm; Group B, 12 cases with @entity9279 >1.5 cm. 28 @entity1 had a single kidney stone and 7 had multiple stones. APPROACH: Flexible uretrorenoscopy, 7.5 Fr (Flex-X(  , Karl Storz) by means of a ureteral access sheath. Holmium laser lithotripsy (Calculase  , Karl Storz) using 200 and 365 micrometer fibres. Fragment extraction with 1.7 Fr @entity5648 baskets (N-gage, Cook). In cases of significant fragmented stone burden, the renal cavities were washed with low-pressure fluid irrigation using a ureteral access sheath, which was collected together with the stone fragments carried by the "mini-perc" sheath (Ultrax-x   18Fr, Cook; Rusch, 14 Fr) placed under radiologic and endoscopic control at the level of the calyx-papilla selected for fragment drainage. RESULTS: the mean diameter for group A was 9.13 (range 5-13) mm and 20.25 (range 16-28) mm for group B. The overall mean operating time was 81 (range 30-160) min. Group A required 66.43  35.18 min. and group B 107.5  46.73 min. (p=0.006). The rate of absence of stones immediately after surgery was 83.2%, 93.1% at 3 months (95.6% for A and 83.3% for B; p=0.217). In no case was ureteral stenosis observed as a result of the use of ureteral access sheaths. In 7 group B @entity1 (58.3%) with acute @entity9279 and/or alteration in their pyelocaliceal anatomy, we performed active lavage of the renal cavities applying the aforementioned percutaneous technique. The mean post-surgery hospital stay was 2.1 (range 1-4) days. There were post-surgery complications (Clavien 1) in 7 @entity1 (20%). Two @entity1 required a second FURS. CONCLUSIONS: RIRS can be effective treatment for @entity8 >1.5 cm. Lavage of the renal cavities helps to eliminate stone fragments, reducing the possibility of retreatment.

title: [Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). Technical complement for cases of acute XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal lithiasis']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['kidney stones']

entities_list: @entity9279 :: ('MESH:D020347', 'Disease') :: ['lithiasis']

answer: @entity9279 :: (MESH:D020347,Disease) :: ['lithiasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the feasibility of ascertaining @entity2007 for chromosomes X, Y, 18, and 16 by use of multiple-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization in blastomeres from preimplantation @entity1 embryos. STUDY DESIGN: A short fluorescence in situ hybridization procedure involving the simultaneous use of four deoxyribonucleic acid probes detected with red, green, blue, or a mixture of red and green fluorochromes was developed to determine numeric abnormalities of chromosomes X, Y, 18, and 16. Embryos underwent biopsy, and all or most cells were analyzed to distinguish true @entity2007 from mosaicism and to assess technique variations within the same embryo (n = 64). RESULTS: The analysis of all the blastomeres of an embryo was achieved in 91% of the embryos. Successful analyses including biopsy, fixation, and fluorescence in situ hybridization were achieved in 87.8% of the blastomeres. Of the four chromosomes tested, numeric aberrations were found in 23% and 42% of normally and abnormally developing embryos, respectively, including @entity2007 , @entity5700 , haploidy, and mosaicism. When diploid embryos containing one or several tetraploid cells are counted as chromosomally abnormal, then 49% and 61% of normally and abnormally developing embryos, respectively, were chromosomally abnormal. @entity2007 consisted of two monosomies for chromosome 16, one for chromosome 18, and a trisomy for chromosome 16. There was a tendency for @entity2007 to increase with maternal age. CONCLUSIONS: Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a more efficient method than cytogenetic analysis to study specific aneuploidies at preimplantation stages of development in @entity1 embryos. In addition, the preimplantation genetic diagnosis of two blastomeres per eight-cell embryo may be sufficient to ensure successful analysis of @entity5700 , haploidy, and specific aneuploidies without endangering the survival of the embryo. The technique can be easily modified to consider other chromosomes, including 13 and 21. Because most chromosomally abnormal embryos do not develop to term, the use of this technique may increase the delivery rate per embryo by allowing only transfer of embryos normal for the tested chromosomes. This technique would be most useful for older @entity1 undergoing in vitro fertilization, because @entity2007 appears to increase with advancing maternal age.

title: Assessment of numeric abnormalities of X, Y, 18, and 16 chromosomes in preimplantation XXXX embryos before transfer.

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy', 'Aneuploid embryos']

entities_list: @entity5700 :: ('MESH:D011123', 'Disease') :: ['polyploidy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Parent responses to the experiences of adolescents with @entity1118 are deemed important. At the same time the best ways to conceptualize, measure, and intervene with these are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to develop a measure of parent responses based on the approach proposed in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), an approach that focuses on @entity458 . A total of 183 adolescents attending a specialty treatment center for @entity1118 , and adults attending with them, provided the data examined in this study. Standard measures of adolescent functioning and parent responses were obtained. In addition, the attending adults, who were mostly mothers, also completed a pool of items for an instrument called the Parent Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (PPFQ). Preliminary analyses of these items showed an internal consistency of a=0.91. The total score for parent @entity458 was negatively correlated with protective and encouraging parent responses to @entity158 , as predicted. It was also positively correlated with adolescent acceptance of @entity158 and negatively correlated with measures of @entity158 on their social, emotional, family, and developmental functioning. Additional analyses showed that the PPFQ yields significant unique information about adolescent functioning independent of age and gender and beyond that provided by another well-established measure of parent responses. There is increasing evidence for the effectiveness of ACT in the treatment of a range of @entity146 in adults and young @entity1 and in training for @entity1 without identified "disorders." It seems potentially applicable for parent training in the context of adolescent @entity1118 .

title: Role of @entity458 in parents of adolescents with XXXX : development of a measure and preliminary correlation analyses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavior problems']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological flexibility']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain-related impact']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: Parent responses to the experiences of adolescents with @entity1118 are deemed important. At the same time the best ways to conceptualize, measure, and intervene with these are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to develop a measure of parent responses based on the approach proposed in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), an approach that focuses on @entity458 . A total of 183 adolescents attending a specialty treatment center for @entity1118 , and adults attending with them, provided the data examined in this study. Standard measures of adolescent functioning and parent responses were obtained. In addition, the attending adults, who were mostly mothers, also completed a pool of items for an instrument called the Parent Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (PPFQ). Preliminary analyses of these items showed an internal consistency of a=0.91. The total score for parent @entity458 was negatively correlated with protective and encouraging parent responses to @entity158 , as predicted. It was also positively correlated with adolescent acceptance of @entity158 and negatively correlated with measures of @entity158 on their social, emotional, family, and developmental functioning. Additional analyses showed that the PPFQ yields significant unique information about adolescent functioning independent of age and gender and beyond that provided by another well-established measure of parent responses. There is increasing evidence for the effectiveness of ACT in the treatment of a range of @entity146 in adults and young @entity1 and in training for @entity1 without identified "disorders." It seems potentially applicable for parent training in the context of adolescent @entity1118 .

title: Role of XXXX in parents of adolescents with @entity1118 : development of a measure and preliminary correlation analyses.

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['psychological flexibility']


abstract: Since @entity1653 has only recently been recognized as a morphologic entity, its pathobiology has not been studied. Fourteen examples occurring in seven females and six males, ages 9 to 82 years (mean 29 years), were examined; one was associated with type 2 @entity4786 . Of these cases, seven (50%) were spinal-intradural (six lumbar, one thoracic), three (21%) arose in the posterior fossa (cerebellopontine angle), three (21%) were supratentorial, and one (7%) was centered upon the foramen magnum. In one case (8%), two @entity5 were considered to be independent primaries. One @entity5 (8%) appeared to show no dural attachment. Thirteen @entity5 were subject to complete study. All were composed of sheets of clear, glycogen-rich, polygonal cells forming only a few vague whorls. @entity8855 , both stromal and perivascular, was often extensive. Mitoses were rare in @entity5 . Immunohistochemistry showed vimentin and epithelial membrane antigen staining to be reactive in 100%. Stains for @entity2281 protein and CAM 5.2 were negative. @entity1420 and @entity172 receptor staining was observed in 77% and 0%, respectively. Ultrastructural study showed abundant cytoplasmic glycogen, a few cytoplasmic lumina, intermediate filaments, interdigitation of cell membranes, and desmosomal junctions. The means, medians, and ranges of @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ) and @entity1758 antigen labeling indices for nonrecurring and recurring @entity5 were 10.4%, 8.8%, 0.8-23.4% and 11%, 1.4%, 0.1-50.3%, as compared with 7.4%, 6.7%, 2.9-17.2% and 13.3%, 13.4%, 3.3-25.7%, respectively. Twelve successful DNA ploidy studies showed that 11 @entity5 (85%) were diploid and one was tetraploid; percentage S-phase determinations varied from 4 to 9% (mean 6.0%). Recurrence was noted in eight @entity1 (61%) (five of whom had multiple recurrences); there was local discontinuous spread in two cases (15%) and widespread cranial to spinal @entity3 in one case (8%). Three @entity1 (23%) are dead of disease. In summary, @entity1653 are morphologically unique, show no sex predilection, affect primarily the lumbar region and cerebellopontine angle, and despite their benign appearance, may be @entity146 , particularly intracranial examples. No close association was noted between recurrence or clinical outcome and such factors as mitotic activity, @entity1364 proliferation indices, percent S-phase determination, or DNA ploidy status. In contrast, @entity1758 proliferation indices were appreciably higher among recurring @entity5 .

title: XXXX . A clinicopathologic study of a potentially aggressive variant of @entity1653 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity8855 :: ('MESH:D006819', 'Disease') :: ['Hyalinization']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['inordinately aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell meningioma', 'clear cell meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['Clear cell meningioma']


abstract: Since @entity1653 has only recently been recognized as a morphologic entity, its pathobiology has not been studied. Fourteen examples occurring in seven females and six males, ages 9 to 82 years (mean 29 years), were examined; one was associated with type 2 @entity4786 . Of these cases, seven (50%) were spinal-intradural (six lumbar, one thoracic), three (21%) arose in the posterior fossa (cerebellopontine angle), three (21%) were supratentorial, and one (7%) was centered upon the foramen magnum. In one case (8%), two @entity5 were considered to be independent primaries. One @entity5 (8%) appeared to show no dural attachment. Thirteen @entity5 were subject to complete study. All were composed of sheets of clear, glycogen-rich, polygonal cells forming only a few vague whorls. @entity8855 , both stromal and perivascular, was often extensive. Mitoses were rare in @entity5 . Immunohistochemistry showed vimentin and epithelial membrane antigen staining to be reactive in 100%. Stains for @entity2281 protein and CAM 5.2 were negative. @entity1420 and @entity172 receptor staining was observed in 77% and 0%, respectively. Ultrastructural study showed abundant cytoplasmic glycogen, a few cytoplasmic lumina, intermediate filaments, interdigitation of cell membranes, and desmosomal junctions. The means, medians, and ranges of @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ) and @entity1758 antigen labeling indices for nonrecurring and recurring @entity5 were 10.4%, 8.8%, 0.8-23.4% and 11%, 1.4%, 0.1-50.3%, as compared with 7.4%, 6.7%, 2.9-17.2% and 13.3%, 13.4%, 3.3-25.7%, respectively. Twelve successful DNA ploidy studies showed that 11 @entity5 (85%) were diploid and one was tetraploid; percentage S-phase determinations varied from 4 to 9% (mean 6.0%). Recurrence was noted in eight @entity1 (61%) (five of whom had multiple recurrences); there was local discontinuous spread in two cases (15%) and widespread cranial to spinal @entity3 in one case (8%). Three @entity1 (23%) are dead of disease. In summary, @entity1653 are morphologically unique, show no sex predilection, affect primarily the lumbar region and cerebellopontine angle, and despite their benign appearance, may be @entity146 , particularly intracranial examples. No close association was noted between recurrence or clinical outcome and such factors as mitotic activity, @entity1364 proliferation indices, percent S-phase determination, or DNA ploidy status. In contrast, @entity1758 proliferation indices were appreciably higher among recurring @entity5 .

title: @entity1653 . A clinicopathologic study of a potentially aggressive variant of XXXX .

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['meningioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the article is to critically appraise and synthesize available evidence regarding the efficacy and regimen-related @entity137 (RRT) of @entity1863 plus @entity3118 (BuFlu) compared to @entity1863 plus @entity786 (BuCy) as a conditioning regimen, prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in @entity1 with @entity1583 . METHODS: A meta-analysis was attempted on clinical controlled trials (CCTs), randomized or non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs or non-RCTs), comparing BuCy with BuFlu. We did a systematic search of the indexed medical literature using appropriate keywords to identify potentially relevant articles. The primary outcome of interest was efficacy measured by @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and event-free survival (EFS), @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). @entity102 (extensive) and other @entity137 were secondary endpoints. A relative risk or risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each outcome in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine clinical controlled trials were included, of which 4 tries were RCTs involving 584 @entity1 and the other 5 were non-RCTs involving 571 @entity1 . The cumulative incidences of @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) were not significantly different between the two regimens. The non-relapse mortality was higher in BuCy but non-significant increment (RR=1.48, 95% CI: [0.97-2.26]). Liver related @entity137 was significantly higher with BuCy compared to BuFlu (RR=1.90, 95% CI: [1.00-3.61]). CONCLUSION: Liver related @entity137 is significantly lesser with BuFlu, but BuFlu regimen has no significant benefits compared with BuCy in @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 . For all this, the weight of evidence favors BuFlu over BuCy as a first choice-conditioning regimen for @entity1 with @entity1583 , especially for @entity1 who have poor liver function.

title: XXXX plus @entity3118 compared with @entity1863 plus @entity786 as a conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in @entity1 with @entity1583 : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic GVHD']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['acute graft-versus-host-disease', 'acute graft-versus-host disease', 'aGVHD']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['Busulfan', 'busulfan']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1863 :: (MESH:D002066,Chemical) :: ['Busulfan']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the article is to critically appraise and synthesize available evidence regarding the efficacy and regimen-related @entity137 (RRT) of @entity1863 plus @entity3118 (BuFlu) compared to @entity1863 plus @entity786 (BuCy) as a conditioning regimen, prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in @entity1 with @entity1583 . METHODS: A meta-analysis was attempted on clinical controlled trials (CCTs), randomized or non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs or non-RCTs), comparing BuCy with BuFlu. We did a systematic search of the indexed medical literature using appropriate keywords to identify potentially relevant articles. The primary outcome of interest was efficacy measured by @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and event-free survival (EFS), @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). @entity102 (extensive) and other @entity137 were secondary endpoints. A relative risk or risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each outcome in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine clinical controlled trials were included, of which 4 tries were RCTs involving 584 @entity1 and the other 5 were non-RCTs involving 571 @entity1 . The cumulative incidences of @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) were not significantly different between the two regimens. The non-relapse mortality was higher in BuCy but non-significant increment (RR=1.48, 95% CI: [0.97-2.26]). Liver related @entity137 was significantly higher with BuCy compared to BuFlu (RR=1.90, 95% CI: [1.00-3.61]). CONCLUSION: Liver related @entity137 is significantly lesser with BuFlu, but BuFlu regimen has no significant benefits compared with BuCy in @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 . For all this, the weight of evidence favors BuFlu over BuCy as a first choice-conditioning regimen for @entity1 with @entity1583 , especially for @entity1 who have poor liver function.

title: @entity1863 plus @entity3118 compared with XXXX plus @entity786 as a conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in @entity1 with @entity1583 : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1863 :: (MESH:D002066,Chemical) :: ['busulfan']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the article is to critically appraise and synthesize available evidence regarding the efficacy and regimen-related @entity137 (RRT) of @entity1863 plus @entity3118 (BuFlu) compared to @entity1863 plus @entity786 (BuCy) as a conditioning regimen, prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in @entity1 with @entity1583 . METHODS: A meta-analysis was attempted on clinical controlled trials (CCTs), randomized or non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs or non-RCTs), comparing BuCy with BuFlu. We did a systematic search of the indexed medical literature using appropriate keywords to identify potentially relevant articles. The primary outcome of interest was efficacy measured by @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and event-free survival (EFS), @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). @entity102 (extensive) and other @entity137 were secondary endpoints. A relative risk or risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each outcome in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine clinical controlled trials were included, of which 4 tries were RCTs involving 584 @entity1 and the other 5 were non-RCTs involving 571 @entity1 . The cumulative incidences of @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) were not significantly different between the two regimens. The non-relapse mortality was higher in BuCy but non-significant increment (RR=1.48, 95% CI: [0.97-2.26]). Liver related @entity137 was significantly higher with BuCy compared to BuFlu (RR=1.90, 95% CI: [1.00-3.61]). CONCLUSION: Liver related @entity137 is significantly lesser with BuFlu, but BuFlu regimen has no significant benefits compared with BuCy in @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 . For all this, the weight of evidence favors BuFlu over BuCy as a first choice-conditioning regimen for @entity1 with @entity1583 , especially for @entity1 who have poor liver function.

title: @entity1863 plus @entity3118 compared with @entity1863 plus XXXX as a conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in @entity1 with @entity1583 : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the article is to critically appraise and synthesize available evidence regarding the efficacy and regimen-related @entity137 (RRT) of @entity1863 plus @entity3118 (BuFlu) compared to @entity1863 plus @entity786 (BuCy) as a conditioning regimen, prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in @entity1 with @entity1583 . METHODS: A meta-analysis was attempted on clinical controlled trials (CCTs), randomized or non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs or non-RCTs), comparing BuCy with BuFlu. We did a systematic search of the indexed medical literature using appropriate keywords to identify potentially relevant articles. The primary outcome of interest was efficacy measured by @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and event-free survival (EFS), @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). @entity102 (extensive) and other @entity137 were secondary endpoints. A relative risk or risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each outcome in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine clinical controlled trials were included, of which 4 tries were RCTs involving 584 @entity1 and the other 5 were non-RCTs involving 571 @entity1 . The cumulative incidences of @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) were not significantly different between the two regimens. The non-relapse mortality was higher in BuCy but non-significant increment (RR=1.48, 95% CI: [0.97-2.26]). Liver related @entity137 was significantly higher with BuCy compared to BuFlu (RR=1.90, 95% CI: [1.00-3.61]). CONCLUSION: Liver related @entity137 is significantly lesser with BuFlu, but BuFlu regimen has no significant benefits compared with BuCy in @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 . For all this, the weight of evidence favors BuFlu over BuCy as a first choice-conditioning regimen for @entity1 with @entity1583 , especially for @entity1 who have poor liver function.

title: @entity1863 plus XXXX compared with @entity1863 plus @entity786 as a conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in @entity1 with @entity1583 : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3118 :: (MESH:C024352,Chemical) :: ['fludarabine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the article is to critically appraise and synthesize available evidence regarding the efficacy and regimen-related @entity137 (RRT) of @entity1863 plus @entity3118 (BuFlu) compared to @entity1863 plus @entity786 (BuCy) as a conditioning regimen, prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in @entity1 with @entity1583 . METHODS: A meta-analysis was attempted on clinical controlled trials (CCTs), randomized or non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs or non-RCTs), comparing BuCy with BuFlu. We did a systematic search of the indexed medical literature using appropriate keywords to identify potentially relevant articles. The primary outcome of interest was efficacy measured by @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and event-free survival (EFS), @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). @entity102 (extensive) and other @entity137 were secondary endpoints. A relative risk or risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each outcome in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine clinical controlled trials were included, of which 4 tries were RCTs involving 584 @entity1 and the other 5 were non-RCTs involving 571 @entity1 . The cumulative incidences of @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) were not significantly different between the two regimens. The non-relapse mortality was higher in BuCy but non-significant increment (RR=1.48, 95% CI: [0.97-2.26]). Liver related @entity137 was significantly higher with BuCy compared to BuFlu (RR=1.90, 95% CI: [1.00-3.61]). CONCLUSION: Liver related @entity137 is significantly lesser with BuFlu, but BuFlu regimen has no significant benefits compared with BuCy in @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 . For all this, the weight of evidence favors BuFlu over BuCy as a first choice-conditioning regimen for @entity1 with @entity1583 , especially for @entity1 who have poor liver function.

title: @entity1863 plus @entity3118 compared with @entity1863 plus @entity786 as a conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in @entity1 with XXXX : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['hematologic neoplasms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the article is to critically appraise and synthesize available evidence regarding the efficacy and regimen-related @entity137 (RRT) of @entity1863 plus @entity3118 (BuFlu) compared to @entity1863 plus @entity786 (BuCy) as a conditioning regimen, prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in @entity1 with @entity1583 . METHODS: A meta-analysis was attempted on clinical controlled trials (CCTs), randomized or non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs or non-RCTs), comparing BuCy with BuFlu. We did a systematic search of the indexed medical literature using appropriate keywords to identify potentially relevant articles. The primary outcome of interest was efficacy measured by @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and event-free survival (EFS), @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). @entity102 (extensive) and other @entity137 were secondary endpoints. A relative risk or risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each outcome in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine clinical controlled trials were included, of which 4 tries were RCTs involving 584 @entity1 and the other 5 were non-RCTs involving 571 @entity1 . The cumulative incidences of @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) were not significantly different between the two regimens. The non-relapse mortality was higher in BuCy but non-significant increment (RR=1.48, 95% CI: [0.97-2.26]). Liver related @entity137 was significantly higher with BuCy compared to BuFlu (RR=1.90, 95% CI: [1.00-3.61]). CONCLUSION: Liver related @entity137 is significantly lesser with BuFlu, but BuFlu regimen has no significant benefits compared with BuCy in @entity1349 , EFS, @entity2132 . For all this, the weight of evidence favors BuFlu over BuCy as a first choice-conditioning regimen for @entity1 with @entity1583 , especially for @entity1 who have poor liver function.

title: @entity1863 plus @entity3118 compared with @entity1863 plus @entity786 as a conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in XXXX with @entity1583 : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study is to investigate the compensatory intracranial venous pathways in @entity1653 ( @entity1653 ) @entity1 by virtual reality technology. METHODS: A total of 48 @entity1653 @entity1 ( @entity5 group) and 20 @entity1 with @entity4254 and hemifacial @entity2473 but without @entity1504 (control group) were enrolled. All @entity1 underwent 3D CE-MRV examination. The 3D reconstructed images by virtual reality technology were used for assessment of diameter and number of intracranial veins, @entity5 location, @entity50 degree and collateral circulation formation. RESULTS: Diameter of bridging veins in posterior 1/3 superior sagittal sinus (SSS) in @entity5 group was significantly smaller than that of the control group (P < 0.05). For @entity5 located in mid 1/3 SSS, diameter of bridging veins and vein of Labb   (VL) in posterior 1/3 SSS decreased significantly (P < 0.05). For @entity5 located in posterior 1/3 SSS, bridging vein number and @entity2458 ( @entity2458 ) diameter significantly decreased while superficial Sylvian vein ( @entity12432 ) diameter increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with @entity5 in posterior 1/3 SSS subgroup, number of bridging veins in the @entity5 in mid 1/3 SSS subgroup increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, only the bridging vein number in anterior 1/3 SSS segment in invasion Type 3-4 @entity5 subgroup decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Diameter of @entity2458 and bridging veins in posterior 1/3 SSS segment in sinus invasion Type 5-6 @entity5 subgroup decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, only the diameter of VL and @entity2458 of collateral circulation Grade 1 @entity5 subgroup decreased significantly (P < 0.05) while in Grade 3 @entity5 subgroup, @entity2458 diameter decreased and @entity12432 diameter increased significantly (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The intracranial blood flow is mainly drained through @entity12432 drainage after SSS occlusion by @entity1653 .

title: Effects of XXXX on intracranial venous circulation assessed by the virtual reality technology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial venous diseases']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['PSM', 'parasagittal meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity2458 :: ('MESH:D020227', 'Disease') :: ['transverse sinus', 'TS']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['venous sinus invasion']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['parasagittal meningiomas']


abstract: @entity834 ( @entity834 ) after resection for @entity189 accelerates morbidity and mortality rates, extends hospital stay, and increases treatment costs, particularly when requiring laparotomy. The role of a protective diverting stoma (DS) in avoiding leakage has repeatedly been discussed, but prospective randomized studies on this subject are rare and their results contradictory. The MEDLINE database was searched for studies of @entity834 requiring laparotomy and of the associated rate of protective DSs in initial anterior resection (AR) to review these studies systematically. The collected data were used to determine the average rate of @entity834 requiring laparotomy after @entity5 surgery in the DS group compared with that in the non-DS group. A total of 930 abstracts were retrieved from MEDLINE; 15 articles on AR and 22 on low/ultralow AR (LAR) were included in the review and analysis. The overall rate of @entity834 requiring laparotomy was 6.57% (813/12, 376) in the AR studies and 4.13% (157/3, 802) in the LAR studies. In the AR studies, the pooled @entity834 rate in the DS group was higher than that in the non-DS group (12.30% vs. 9.16%, P < 0.001). However, the pooled rate of @entity834 requiring laparotomy in the DS group was lower than that in the non-DS group (3.69% vs. 7.42%, P < 0.001). In the LAR studies, the pooled @entity834 rate in the DS group was lower than that in the non-DS group (7.74% vs. 9.64%, P = 0.045). The pooled rate of @entity834 requiring laparotomy in the DS group was also lower than that in the non-DS group (2.67% vs. 5.21%, P < 0.001). By contrast, the pooled rate of definitive stomas and mortality caused by @entity834 did not have any statistical difference between the DS and non-DS groups in both AR studies (definitive stomas: 0% vs. 0.65%; mortality: 0.95% vs. 1.19%) and LAR studies (definitive stomas: 1.03% vs. 1.01%; mortality: 0.35% vs. 0.36%). Protective DSs significantly decrease the rate of @entity834 in LAR. @entity834 requiring surgical correction was significantly reduced in the DS group in both AR and LAR studies. Protective DSs did not affect the definitive stomas and mortality rate; this lack of an effect warrants further high-quality clinical trials.

title: Diverting stoma with anterior resection for XXXX : does it reduce overall anastomotic leakage and leaks requiring laparotomy?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['AL', 'Anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Uterine artery embolization (UAE) has been commonly used for uterine @entity1868 with satisfactory effects, but the @entity158 during and following the procedure with an occurrence rate in 100%. The aim of this study was to observe the effects of intermittent injection with super-low pressure on @entity158 control during the UAE for uterine @entity1868 . METHODS: 67 subjects were divided into 2 groups with 47 in-group A and 20 in group B. A underwent UAE with the intermittent injection at super-low pressure, while B underwent routine UAE. @entity158 was assessed according to WHO analgesic ladder. Meanwhile, all were scored with the visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: The numbers of first, second and third step analgesic user in Group A were 21, 18 and 6, respectively, with 2 non-analgesic users, while in Group B were 4, 6 and 10, respectively without non-analgesic user (chi-square = 7.043, P = 0.008). VAS showed @entity158 control in 23 cases, satisfactory in 18 and poor in 6 in Group A, while in Group B, were 4, 8 and 8, respectively (chi-square = 7.329, P = 0.007). Mean follow-up was 16.5 months (range, 6-32 months). The abnormal menstruation was improved and the ultrasound examination 6 months later demonstrated a significant decrease in the diameter of @entity1868 (from 6.65    2.40 cm to 5.22    1.86 cm, t = 3.186, P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: The application of intermittent injection with super-low pressure during UAE can decrease and possibly eliminate post-operative @entity158 . But the procedure time was increased.

title: Effects of the intermittent injection with super-low pressure on the postoperative pain control during the uterine artery embolization for uterine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'good pain', 'Pain']

answer: @entity1868 :: (MESH:D009214,Disease) :: ['myoma']


abstract: Three-dimensional structural model of @entity4299 hydrolase (PchEHA) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium was constructed based on X-ray structure of @entity3261 AD1 sEH using SWISS-MODEL server. Conserved residues constituting the active site cavity were identified, of which the functional roles of 14 residues were determined by site-directed mutagenesis. In catalytic triad, @entity2574 105 and His308 play a leading role in alkylation and hydrolysis steps, respectively. Distance between @entity2574 105 and @entity4299 ring of substrate may determine the regiospecificity in the substrate docking model. @entity2574 277 located at the entrance of substrate tunnel is concerned with catalysis but not essential. @entity73357 had the highest activity and lower enantioselectivity among 14 mutants, suggesting @entity2574 307 may be involved in choice of substrate configuration. @entity73358 and @entity73359 almost exhibited no activity, indicating that they are essential to bind substrate and facilitate opening of @entity4299 ring. Besides, His35- @entity4022 36- @entity2734 37-Pro38, Trp106 and Trp309 surrounding @entity2574 105, may coordinate the integration of active site cavity and influence substrate binding. Especially, W106I reversed the enantioselectivity, perhaps due to more deteriorative impact on the preferred @entity73360 . @entity4022 65 and Gly67 occurring at b-turns and Gly36 are vital in holding protein conformation. Conclusively, single conserved residue around the active sites has an important impact on catalytic properties.

title: Homology modelling and site-directed mutagenesis studies of the XXXX hydrolase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

entities_list: @entity3261 :: ('358', 'Species') :: ['Agrobacterium radiobacter']

entities_list: @entity4299 :: ('CHEBI:32955', 'Chemical') :: ['epoxide']

entities_list: @entity73360 :: ('CHEBI:45389', 'Chemical') :: ['(R)-styrene oxide']

answer: @entity4299 :: (CHEBI:32955,Chemical) :: ['epoxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate feasibility of performing quantitative MRI measurements in an immuno-competent @entity35 model of @entity788 by comparing in vivo anatomic and quantitative imaging measurements to @entity5 dissemination observations and histologic assays at necropsy. Meterials and methods: @entity35 ductal pancreatic @entity420 @entity35 cell line and Lewis @entity35 were used for these studies. 10(8) @entity35 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right flank of donor @entity35 . Donor @entity5 reaching 10 mm were excised, and 1 mm(3) @entity5 fragments were implanted within recipient @entity35 pancreas during mini-laparotomy. T1-weighted, T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted, and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI were performed using a Bruker 7.0T ClinScan. After MRI, all animals underwent autopsy. @entity5 size was measured, and dissemination score was used to assess local invasion and distant @entity3 . @entity5 and all sites of @entity3 were harvested and fixed for H_E, Masson's trichrome, and rat anti- @entity6098 staining. Trichrome slides were scanned and digitized for measurement of fibrotic tissue areas. Anti- @entity6098 slides were used for microvessel density (MVD) measurements. RESULTS: @entity5 , local invasion, and distant @entity3 were confirmed for all @entity35 . No significant differences were found between in vivo MRI measurements (48.7    5.3 mm) and ex vivo caliper measurements (43.6    3.6 mm) of @entity5 sizes (p > .05). Spleen, liver, diaphragm, peritoneum, and abdominal wall @entity3 were observed on MRI but smaller lung, mediastinum, omen, and mesentery @entity3 were only observed at necropsy. Contrast uptake observed during DCE measurements was significantly greater in both primary and metastatic @entity5 tissues compared to skeletal muscle and normal liver tissues. Both primary and @entity3 were hyper-intense in T2-weighted images and hypo-intense in T1-weighted images, but no differences were found between quantitative T2 measurements in @entity5 and that in @entity3 . Similarly, quantitative ADC measurements were similar for both @entity5 and liver @entity3 (1.13    0.3 * 10(-3) and 1.24    0.4 * 10(-3) mm(2)/s, respectively). Histologic @entity82 and MVD measurements were similar in @entity5 and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Anatomic and quantitative functional MRI measurements are feasible in orthotropic DSL @entity35 model and will permit non-invasive monitoring of @entity5 responses during longitudinal studies intended to develop new interventional therapies for primary and metastatic disease.

title: Quantitative functional MRI in a clinical orthotopic model of XXXX in immunocompetent Lewis @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Primary tumor', 'primary tumors', 'primary tumor', 'Primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastatic tumors', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate feasibility of performing quantitative MRI measurements in an immuno-competent @entity35 model of @entity788 by comparing in vivo anatomic and quantitative imaging measurements to @entity5 dissemination observations and histologic assays at necropsy. Meterials and methods: @entity35 ductal pancreatic @entity420 @entity35 cell line and Lewis @entity35 were used for these studies. 10(8) @entity35 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right flank of donor @entity35 . Donor @entity5 reaching 10 mm were excised, and 1 mm(3) @entity5 fragments were implanted within recipient @entity35 pancreas during mini-laparotomy. T1-weighted, T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted, and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI were performed using a Bruker 7.0T ClinScan. After MRI, all animals underwent autopsy. @entity5 size was measured, and dissemination score was used to assess local invasion and distant @entity3 . @entity5 and all sites of @entity3 were harvested and fixed for H_E, Masson's trichrome, and rat anti- @entity6098 staining. Trichrome slides were scanned and digitized for measurement of fibrotic tissue areas. Anti- @entity6098 slides were used for microvessel density (MVD) measurements. RESULTS: @entity5 , local invasion, and distant @entity3 were confirmed for all @entity35 . No significant differences were found between in vivo MRI measurements (48.7    5.3 mm) and ex vivo caliper measurements (43.6    3.6 mm) of @entity5 sizes (p > .05). Spleen, liver, diaphragm, peritoneum, and abdominal wall @entity3 were observed on MRI but smaller lung, mediastinum, omen, and mesentery @entity3 were only observed at necropsy. Contrast uptake observed during DCE measurements was significantly greater in both primary and metastatic @entity5 tissues compared to skeletal muscle and normal liver tissues. Both primary and @entity3 were hyper-intense in T2-weighted images and hypo-intense in T1-weighted images, but no differences were found between quantitative T2 measurements in @entity5 and that in @entity3 . Similarly, quantitative ADC measurements were similar for both @entity5 and liver @entity3 (1.13    0.3 * 10(-3) and 1.24    0.4 * 10(-3) mm(2)/s, respectively). Histologic @entity82 and MVD measurements were similar in @entity5 and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Anatomic and quantitative functional MRI measurements are feasible in orthotropic DSL @entity35 model and will permit non-invasive monitoring of @entity5 responses during longitudinal studies intended to develop new interventional therapies for primary and metastatic disease.

title: Quantitative functional MRI in a clinical orthotopic model of @entity788 in immunocompetent Lewis XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: A retrospective analysis was made about the results achieved in 64 @entity1 after combined surgical and radiotherapeutic treatment. The @entity5 areas were irradiated by fast electrons or @entity1953 60 with 50 to 55 Gy, the lymph nodes received doses of 45 to 55 Gy. @entity5 control was achieved in 27 out of 28 @entity1 irradiated immediately after surgery (96%). In case of demonstrated lymph node invasion, local control was achieved in 14 out of 19 cases (74%). The median survival was 9.6 years for @entity1 in stage @entity34476 .5 years for @entity1 in stage T1-4, N+, M0. The first two years following to therapy were decisive for the prognosis. Among those of our @entity1 who developed recurrences during this period, not one could be cured in the long run. Two years after the end of therapy, the survival probability of @entity1 without lymph node @entity3 becomes comparable to the survival curve of normal male population of the same age. In the treatment of @entity17539 , a gradual proceeding depending on the stage is recommended for the combination of surgery and radiotherapy. In case of lymph node @entity3 , the application of adjuvant chemotherapy should be taken into consideration.

title: [Treatment results of surgical and radiologic therapy of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Local tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity17539 :: ('MESH:D010412', 'Disease') :: ['penile carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['penile cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Skull-base @entity4034 is a @entity395 affecting the medulla of the temporal, sphenoid, and occipital bones. In general, it occurs due to external ear canal @entity281 caused by @entity5 . Skull-base @entity4034 usually affects elderly @entity6 @entity1 . The @entity1 , a 58-year-old @entity1 , was referred for evaluation and management of the left jaw. Clinical examination of the @entity1 revealed @entity158 to the left. The maximum @entity2133 was measured to about 27  mm. Panoramic, CT, and CBCT revealed bone resorption patterns in the left condyle. Through control of @entity6 , continued pharmacological treatment, arthrocentesis, and occlusal stabilization appliance therapy were carried out. The extent of @entity2133 was increased to 45  mm, and @entity158 in the left jaw joint was alleviated. This was a case wherein complications caused by failure to control @entity6 induced skull-base @entity4034 . There is a need for continued discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of arthrocentesis with lavage for @entity1 with skull-base @entity4034 and other treatment options.

title: Temporomandibular joint disorder from skull-base XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant external otitis']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['active mouth opening']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain in the left jaw and mouth-opening deflection']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

answer: @entity4034 :: (MESH:D010019,Disease) :: ['osteomyelitis']