abstract: UNASSIGNED: Small non-coding RNAs named microRNAs (miRNAs) modulate some functions and signaling pathways in skin epithelial cells and melanocytes. They also function as oncogenes or @entity5 suppressors in @entity5 and @entity5 @entity3 . We investigated the expression patterns of miRNAs, including @entity17308 , 21, 200c, 373 and 520c, which regulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and @entity3 in @entity5 stem cells (CSCs) and non- CSCs. Six @entity320 cell lines were tested for the expressions of stem cell markers. @entity320 stem cells were enriched via fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) using the CD133 cell surface marker or spheroid culture. They were then characterized based on colony and sphere formation, and the expressions of stemness and EMT regulator genes and their invasion potential were assessed using real-time qRT-PCR and invasion assay. Our results indicate that cells enriched via sphere formation expressed all the stemness-related genes and had an enhanced number of colonies, spheres and invaded cells compared to cells enriched using the CD133 cell surface marker. Moreover, miRNAs controlling @entity3 increased in the melanospheres. This may be related to the involvement of CSCs in the metastatic process. However, this must be further confirmed through the application of knockdown experiments. The results show that sphere formation is a useful method for enriching @entity320 stem cells. Melanospheres were found to upregulate @entity17308 , 21, 200c, 373 and 520c, so we suggest that they may control both @entity3 and stemness potential.

title: Evaluation of the expressions pattern of @entity17308 , 21, 200c, 373 and 520c to find the correlation between epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and XXXX stem cell potential in @entity5 stem cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'isolated cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'Melanoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Small non-coding RNAs named microRNAs (miRNAs) modulate some functions and signaling pathways in skin epithelial cells and melanocytes. They also function as oncogenes or @entity5 suppressors in @entity5 and @entity5 @entity3 . We investigated the expression patterns of miRNAs, including @entity17308 , 21, 200c, 373 and 520c, which regulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and @entity3 in @entity5 stem cells (CSCs) and non- CSCs. Six @entity320 cell lines were tested for the expressions of stem cell markers. @entity320 stem cells were enriched via fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) using the CD133 cell surface marker or spheroid culture. They were then characterized based on colony and sphere formation, and the expressions of stemness and EMT regulator genes and their invasion potential were assessed using real-time qRT-PCR and invasion assay. Our results indicate that cells enriched via sphere formation expressed all the stemness-related genes and had an enhanced number of colonies, spheres and invaded cells compared to cells enriched using the CD133 cell surface marker. Moreover, miRNAs controlling @entity3 increased in the melanospheres. This may be related to the involvement of CSCs in the metastatic process. However, this must be further confirmed through the application of knockdown experiments. The results show that sphere formation is a useful method for enriching @entity320 stem cells. Melanospheres were found to upregulate @entity17308 , 21, 200c, 373 and 520c, so we suggest that they may control both @entity3 and stemness potential.

title: Evaluation of the expressions pattern of @entity17308 , 21, 200c, 373 and 520c to find the correlation between epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and @entity320 stem cell potential in XXXX stem cells.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['isolated cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Small non-coding RNAs named microRNAs (miRNAs) modulate some functions and signaling pathways in skin epithelial cells and melanocytes. They also function as oncogenes or @entity5 suppressors in @entity5 and @entity5 @entity3 . We investigated the expression patterns of miRNAs, including @entity17308 , 21, 200c, 373 and 520c, which regulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and @entity3 in @entity5 stem cells (CSCs) and non- CSCs. Six @entity320 cell lines were tested for the expressions of stem cell markers. @entity320 stem cells were enriched via fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) using the CD133 cell surface marker or spheroid culture. They were then characterized based on colony and sphere formation, and the expressions of stemness and EMT regulator genes and their invasion potential were assessed using real-time qRT-PCR and invasion assay. Our results indicate that cells enriched via sphere formation expressed all the stemness-related genes and had an enhanced number of colonies, spheres and invaded cells compared to cells enriched using the CD133 cell surface marker. Moreover, miRNAs controlling @entity3 increased in the melanospheres. This may be related to the involvement of CSCs in the metastatic process. However, this must be further confirmed through the application of knockdown experiments. The results show that sphere formation is a useful method for enriching @entity320 stem cells. Melanospheres were found to upregulate @entity17308 , 21, 200c, 373 and 520c, so we suggest that they may control both @entity3 and stemness potential.

title: Evaluation of the expressions pattern of XXXX , 21, 200c, 373 and 520c to find the correlation between epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and @entity320 stem cell potential in @entity5 stem cells.

answer: @entity17308 :: (406903,Gene) :: ['miR-10b']


abstract: Forty @entity1 with terminal @entity82 and 40 @entity1 with @entity879 -all consecutively admitted-were studied with regard to incidence, types, and prognosis of complicating @entity177 . @entity177 was considered present when the serum @entity1011 was greater than 0.20 mmol/l. Of the @entity1 with @entity82 26 (65%) developed @entity177 . In 15 the type was functional, in three due to @entity4295 , and in eight indeterminable. Of the @entity1 with @entity879 (55%) had @entity177 ; of these 13 had functional @entity177 , five @entity4295 , and in four the type was indeterminable. In both categories of @entity1 , @entity177 was equally frequent among @entity1 with or without @entity360 and with or without @entity843 or diuretic therapy. The biochemical tests of liver function were similar in @entity1 with or without @entity177 in both categories. The mean renal blood flow in seven unselected @entity1 with @entity879 was reduced in the same order as previously observed in @entity1 with @entity82 . In terminal @entity82 the mortality rate was 88% in the presence of @entity177 , 71% in its absence (p greater than 0.05), while the same figures in @entity879 were 100% and 67% (p less than 0.05). The incidence, relative frequency, and prognosis of @entity177 were not different in the two conditions, indicating identical pathophysiological circumstances.

title: @entity177 in @entity879 and terminal XXXX : a comparison between incidence, types, and prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity4295 :: ('MESH:D007683', 'Disease') :: ['acute tubular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['fulminant hepatic failure 22', 'fulminant hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'renal insufficiency', 'Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: Forty @entity1 with terminal @entity82 and 40 @entity1 with @entity879 -all consecutively admitted-were studied with regard to incidence, types, and prognosis of complicating @entity177 . @entity177 was considered present when the serum @entity1011 was greater than 0.20 mmol/l. Of the @entity1 with @entity82 26 (65%) developed @entity177 . In 15 the type was functional, in three due to @entity4295 , and in eight indeterminable. Of the @entity1 with @entity879 (55%) had @entity177 ; of these 13 had functional @entity177 , five @entity4295 , and in four the type was indeterminable. In both categories of @entity1 , @entity177 was equally frequent among @entity1 with or without @entity360 and with or without @entity843 or diuretic therapy. The biochemical tests of liver function were similar in @entity1 with or without @entity177 in both categories. The mean renal blood flow in seven unselected @entity1 with @entity879 was reduced in the same order as previously observed in @entity1 with @entity82 . In terminal @entity82 the mortality rate was 88% in the presence of @entity177 , 71% in its absence (p greater than 0.05), while the same figures in @entity879 were 100% and 67% (p less than 0.05). The incidence, relative frequency, and prognosis of @entity177 were not different in the two conditions, indicating identical pathophysiological circumstances.

title: XXXX in @entity879 and terminal @entity82 : a comparison between incidence, types, and prognosis.

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['Renal failure']


abstract: Forty @entity1 with terminal @entity82 and 40 @entity1 with @entity879 -all consecutively admitted-were studied with regard to incidence, types, and prognosis of complicating @entity177 . @entity177 was considered present when the serum @entity1011 was greater than 0.20 mmol/l. Of the @entity1 with @entity82 26 (65%) developed @entity177 . In 15 the type was functional, in three due to @entity4295 , and in eight indeterminable. Of the @entity1 with @entity879 (55%) had @entity177 ; of these 13 had functional @entity177 , five @entity4295 , and in four the type was indeterminable. In both categories of @entity1 , @entity177 was equally frequent among @entity1 with or without @entity360 and with or without @entity843 or diuretic therapy. The biochemical tests of liver function were similar in @entity1 with or without @entity177 in both categories. The mean renal blood flow in seven unselected @entity1 with @entity879 was reduced in the same order as previously observed in @entity1 with @entity82 . In terminal @entity82 the mortality rate was 88% in the presence of @entity177 , 71% in its absence (p greater than 0.05), while the same figures in @entity879 were 100% and 67% (p less than 0.05). The incidence, relative frequency, and prognosis of @entity177 were not different in the two conditions, indicating identical pathophysiological circumstances.

title: @entity177 in XXXX and terminal @entity82 : a comparison between incidence, types, and prognosis.

answer: @entity879 :: (MESH:D017114,Disease) :: ['fulminant hepatic failure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity213 ( @entity213 ) arises from the upper aerodigestive tract and is the six most common @entity5 worldwide. @entity213 is associated with high morbidity and mortality, as standard surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy can cause significant disfigurement and only provide 5-year survival rates of ~50-60%. The heterogeneity of @entity213 subsets with different potentials for recurrence and @entity3 challenges the traditional pathological classification system, thereby increasing demand for the development of new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools based on global molecular signatures of @entity213 . Historically, using classical biological techniques, it has been extremely difficult and time-consuming to survey hundreds or thousands of genes in a given disease. However, the development of high throughput technologies and high-powered computation throughout the last two decades has enabled us to investigate hundreds or thousands of genes simultaneously. Using high throughput technologies, our laboratory has identified the gene signatures and protein networks, which significantly affect @entity213 malignant phenotypes, including @entity876 / @entity4206 / @entity9486 family members, @entity1356 / @entity4909 /NF-kB, PI3K/ @entity584 / @entity3470 , @entity650 / @entity10497 /JAK/ @entity4104 , @entity470 /MAPK/ @entity11346 , @entity11968 / @entity1916 / @entity5738 , and TGFb/TGFbR/ @entity10152 /SMAD pathways. This review summarizes the results from high-throughput technological assays conducted on @entity213 samples, including microarray, DNA methylation, miRNA profiling, and protein array, using primarily experimental data and conclusions generated in our own laboratory. The use of bioinformatics and integrated analyses of data sets from different platforms, as well as meta-analysis of large datasets pulled from multiple publicly available studies, provided significantly higher statistical power to extract biologically relevant information. The data suggested that the heterogeneity of @entity213 genotype and phenotype are much more complex than we previously thought. Understanding of global molecular signatures and disease classification for specific subsets of @entity213 will be essential to provide accurate diagnoses for targeted therapy and personalized treatment, which is an important effort toward improving @entity1 outcomes.

title: Signaling Networks of Activated Oncogenic and Altered XXXX Suppressor Genes in Head and Neck Cancer.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['HNSCC', 'Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To validate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for advanced @entity356 (AGC). BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) in the treatment of @entity1 with local AGC is becoming increasingly popular, and there have been several multicenter randomized controlled trials focused on this treatment. However, few reports on the procedure of LTG for AGC exist. METHODS: The data of 976 @entity1 who underwent LTG for AGC were retrieved from a prospectively constructed database of 2170 @entity1 who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy between 2007 and 2013. Surgical outcomes of LTG were investigated and compared with those of @entity1 who underwent LDG. RESULTS: LTG was associated with significantly longer operation time, number of dissected lymph nodes, and time of resume soft diet compared with the LDG group. According to Clavien-Dindo classification, the morbidity and mortality rates of the LTG group were comparable to those of the LDG group. Multivariate analyses revealed that elderly @entity1 , more comorbidities, and longer operation time were the significant independent risk factors for @entity260 . The difference in overall survival rates between the two groups was statistically significant. However, a comparative analysis of overall survival showed no statistical significance for any of the stages of cancer between the LTG and LDG groups. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings suggest that LTG is an oncologically safe procedure for AGC yields comparable surgical outcomes. A well-designed phase III trial can be carried out to provide valuable evidence for the oncologic safety of LTG for the treatment of AGC.

title: Evaluation of laparoscopic total gastrectomy for advanced XXXX : results of a comparison with laparoscopic distal gastrectomy.

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['determining postoperative complications']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between subclinical @entity1374 and @entity146 using baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. @entity1 : The study included 12  437 @entity1 from the ELSA-Brasil with normal thyroid function (92  8%), 193 (1  4%) with @entity1378 and 784 (5  8%) with @entity1375 , totalling 13  414 @entity1 (50  6% of @entity1 ). MEASUREMENTS: The mental health diagnoses of @entity1 were assessed by trained raters using the Clinical Interview Schedule - Revised (CIS-R) and grouped according to the International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10). @entity1374 was assessed using TSH and FT4 as well as routine use of thyroid hormones or antithyroid medications. Logistic models were presented using @entity146 as the dependent variable and subclinical @entity1374 as the independent variable. All logistic models were corrected for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: After multivariate adjustment for possible confounders, we found a direct association between @entity1378 and @entity4697 odds ratio [OR], 2  55; 95% confidence Interval (95% CI), 1  09-5  94; and an inverse association between @entity1375 and generalized @entity148 (OR, 0  75; 95% CI, 0  59-0  96). However, both lost significance after correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION: @entity1378 was positively associated with @entity4697 and negatively associated with @entity148 , although not significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons.

title: Subclinical XXXX and @entity146 : cross-sectional results from the Brazilian Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['Subclinical hyperthyroidism', 'subclinical hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid dysfunction', 'Thyroid dysfunction', 'thyroid disorders']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between subclinical @entity1374 and @entity146 using baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. @entity1 : The study included 12  437 @entity1 from the ELSA-Brasil with normal thyroid function (92  8%), 193 (1  4%) with @entity1378 and 784 (5  8%) with @entity1375 , totalling 13  414 @entity1 (50  6% of @entity1 ). MEASUREMENTS: The mental health diagnoses of @entity1 were assessed by trained raters using the Clinical Interview Schedule - Revised (CIS-R) and grouped according to the International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10). @entity1374 was assessed using TSH and FT4 as well as routine use of thyroid hormones or antithyroid medications. Logistic models were presented using @entity146 as the dependent variable and subclinical @entity1374 as the independent variable. All logistic models were corrected for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: After multivariate adjustment for possible confounders, we found a direct association between @entity1378 and @entity4697 odds ratio [OR], 2  55; 95% confidence Interval (95% CI), 1  09-5  94; and an inverse association between @entity1375 and generalized @entity148 (OR, 0  75; 95% CI, 0  59-0  96). However, both lost significance after correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION: @entity1378 was positively associated with @entity4697 and negatively associated with @entity148 , although not significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons.

title: Subclinical @entity1374 and XXXX : cross-sectional results from the Brazilian Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An abnormal ankle-brachial index has been associated with @entity64 and @entity301 , but little is known about its relationship with silent @entity6249 . AIM: To assess the value of ankle-brachial index as a predictor of silent small vessel disease in an Ecuadorian geriatric population. METHODS: @entity64 -free Atahualpa residents aged >= 60 years were identified during a door-to-door survey. Ankle-brachial index determinations and brain magnetic resonance imaging were performed in consented @entity1 . Ankle-brachial index  <=0  9 and >= 1  4 were proxies of @entity3657 and noncompressible arteries, respectively. Using logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, and @entity65 status, we evaluated the association between abnormal ankle-brachial index with silent @entity1188 , @entity62 , and cerebral microbleeds. RESULTS: Mean age of the 224 @entity1 was 70        8 years, 60% were @entity1 , and 80% had poor @entity65 status. Ankle-brachial index was  <=0  90 in 37 @entity1 and >= 1  4 in 17. Magnetic resonance imaging showed @entity1188 in 27 cases, moderate-to-severe @entity62 in 47, and cerebral microbleeds in 26. Adjusted models showed association of @entity1188 with ankle-brachial index    <=   0  90 (OR: 3  72, 95% CI: 1  35-10  27, P   =   0  01) and with ankle-brachial index   >=    1  4 (OR: 3  85, 95% CI: 1  06-14  03, P   =   0  04). @entity62 were associated with ankle-brachial index    <=   0  90 (P   =   0  03) and ankle-brachial index   >=    1  4 (P   =   0  02) in univariate analyses. There was no association between ankle-brachial index groups and cerebral microbleeds. CONCLUSIONS: In this population-based study conducted in rural Ecuador, apparently healthy individuals aged >= 60 years with ankle-brachial index values  <=0  90 and >= 1  4 are almost four times more likely to have a silent @entity1188 . Ankle-brachial index screening might allow recognition of asymptomatic @entity1 who need further investigation and preventive therapy.

title: The association of ankle-brachial index with silent XXXX : results of the Atahualpa Project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Stroke', 'overt stroke']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral artery disease']

entities_list: @entity6249 :: ('MESH:D059345', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral small vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['lacunar infarcts', 'lacunar infarct']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['White matter hyperintensities', 'white matter hyperintensities']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular health']

answer: @entity6249 :: (MESH:D059345,Disease) :: ['cerebral small vessel disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Airway smooth muscle (ASM) is the effector cell in the bronchoconstrictory pathway. It is believed that the bronchoconstriction present in @entity565 is associated with changes in the airway milieu that affect ASM excitation-contraction coupling and @entity141 -handling. Asthmatics also react differently to ventilatory mechanical strain. Deep inspiration (DI), which produces bronchodilation in healthy individuals, is less effective in @entity748 , and even enhances bronchoconstriction in moderate to severely affected @entity1 . Our laboratory has previously studied the mechanotransductory pathway of airway stretch-activated contractions (Rstretch) leading to DI-induced bronchoconstriction. We demonstrated the ability of agonists acting through @entity2404 (TxA2) receptors to amplify airway Rstretch responses. Despite the involvement of excitatory @entity2918 in bronchoconstriction, clinical trials on treatments targeting TxA2-synthase inhibition and TP-receptor antagonism have produced mixed results. Studies in Western populations produced mostly negative results, whereas studies performed in Asian populations showed mostly positive outcomes. In this review, we discuss the role of TxA2-synthase inhibition and TP-receptor antagonism in the treatment of @entity748 . We present information regarding variations in study designs and the possible role of TP-receptor gene polymorphisms in previous study outcome discrepancies. Perhaps future studies should focus on @entity748 @entity1 with DI-induced bronchoconstriction in particular, planting the seed for the individualized treatments for @entity748 .

title: Revisiting the usefulness of XXXX modulation in the treatment of bronchoconstriction in @entity565 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic', 'asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity2404 :: ('MESH:D013928', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane A2']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostanoids']

answer: @entity2404 :: (MESH:D013928,Chemical) :: ['thromboxane-A2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Airway smooth muscle (ASM) is the effector cell in the bronchoconstrictory pathway. It is believed that the bronchoconstriction present in @entity565 is associated with changes in the airway milieu that affect ASM excitation-contraction coupling and @entity141 -handling. Asthmatics also react differently to ventilatory mechanical strain. Deep inspiration (DI), which produces bronchodilation in healthy individuals, is less effective in @entity748 , and even enhances bronchoconstriction in moderate to severely affected @entity1 . Our laboratory has previously studied the mechanotransductory pathway of airway stretch-activated contractions (Rstretch) leading to DI-induced bronchoconstriction. We demonstrated the ability of agonists acting through @entity2404 (TxA2) receptors to amplify airway Rstretch responses. Despite the involvement of excitatory @entity2918 in bronchoconstriction, clinical trials on treatments targeting TxA2-synthase inhibition and TP-receptor antagonism have produced mixed results. Studies in Western populations produced mostly negative results, whereas studies performed in Asian populations showed mostly positive outcomes. In this review, we discuss the role of TxA2-synthase inhibition and TP-receptor antagonism in the treatment of @entity748 . We present information regarding variations in study designs and the possible role of TP-receptor gene polymorphisms in previous study outcome discrepancies. Perhaps future studies should focus on @entity748 @entity1 with DI-induced bronchoconstriction in particular, planting the seed for the individualized treatments for @entity748 .

title: Revisiting the usefulness of @entity2404 modulation in the treatment of bronchoconstriction in XXXX .

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: Dyspnea represents 3-4 % of consultations at primary care medicine (general medicine, emergency medicine) and is found in 14 % of the interviewed general population. It is defined as an abnormal and uncomfortable @entity1353 and can be classified according to the mode of appearance, the @entity1353 pattern or the rhythm. Different classifications are used to specify the severity of the situation: visual analog scale, functional classification of the New York Heart Association, @entity1353 modified scale from the Medical Research Council, ... Rare among young @entity1 , @entity1353 often hides @entity565 ; more prevalent among seniors, it is often secondary to chronic lung or @entity299 . The rational approach is the same in general medicine and in the emergency room. The management starts with an assessment of the severity of the @entity1 's clinical situation, via the early warning score. The critical @entity1 requires to be managed according to the progressive and cyclical ABCDE approach. For non-critical @entity1 , a traditional approach and a reasoned method are needed. In @entity1 suffering from @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ), the use of the Anthonissen criteria allows to orient toward a pulmonary superinfection or another cause of worsening @entity1353 (cardiac, ...). In case of suspected @entity1151 , the Geneva score and the modified Wells score help to separate low, intermediate or high probability cases of @entity1151 . D-dimers have a very good negative predictive value in the low and middle risk group and pulmonary CT angiography applies only to a smaller group of dyspnoeic @entity1 with a high probability of @entity1151 . Echocardiography has a prominent role to assess the LV systolic function, the search for @entity120 , the vascular filling state, etc. We speak of psychogenic @entity1353 after having excluded the potentially serious pathologies.

title: [Rational approach and management of the dyspnoeic XXXX in general medical practice].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing', 'dyspnea']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary artery hypertension']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity15543 , an alkaline/neutral invertase (A/N- @entity71483 ) is responsible for sucrose catabolism in latex (essentially the cytoplasm of rubber-producing laticifers, the source of natural rubber) and implicated in rubber yield. However, neither the gene encoding this enzyme nor its molecular and biochemical properties have been well documented. Three Hevea A/N- @entity71483 genes, namely HbNIN1, 2 and 3, were first cloned and characterized in planta and in @entity526 . Cellular localizations of HbNIN2 mRNA and protein were probed. From latex, active A/N- @entity71483 proteins were purified, identified, and explored for enzymatic properties. HbNIN2 was identified as the major A/N- @entity71483 gene functioning in latex based on its functionality in @entity526 , its latex-predominant expression, the conspicuous localization of its mRNA and protein in the laticifers, and its expressional correlation with rubber yield. An active A/N- @entity71483 protein was partially purified from latex, and determined as HbNIN2. The enhancement of HbNIN2 enzymatic activity by pyridoxal is peculiar to A/N-Invs in other plants. We conclude that HbNIN2, a cytosolic A/N- @entity71483 , is responsible for sucrose catabolism in rubber laticifers. The results contribute to the studies of sucrose catabolism in plants as a whole and natural rubber synthesis in particular.

title: HbNIN2, a cytosolic alkaline/neutral-invertase, is responsible for sucrose catabolism in rubber-producing laticifers of XXXX ( @entity15543 ).

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E.  coli']

entities_list: @entity15543 :: ('3981', 'Species') :: ['Hevea brasiliensis']

answer: @entity15543 :: (3981,Species) :: ['Hevea brasiliensis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity15543 , an alkaline/neutral invertase (A/N- @entity71483 ) is responsible for sucrose catabolism in latex (essentially the cytoplasm of rubber-producing laticifers, the source of natural rubber) and implicated in rubber yield. However, neither the gene encoding this enzyme nor its molecular and biochemical properties have been well documented. Three Hevea A/N- @entity71483 genes, namely HbNIN1, 2 and 3, were first cloned and characterized in planta and in @entity526 . Cellular localizations of HbNIN2 mRNA and protein were probed. From latex, active A/N- @entity71483 proteins were purified, identified, and explored for enzymatic properties. HbNIN2 was identified as the major A/N- @entity71483 gene functioning in latex based on its functionality in @entity526 , its latex-predominant expression, the conspicuous localization of its mRNA and protein in the laticifers, and its expressional correlation with rubber yield. An active A/N- @entity71483 protein was partially purified from latex, and determined as HbNIN2. The enhancement of HbNIN2 enzymatic activity by pyridoxal is peculiar to A/N-Invs in other plants. We conclude that HbNIN2, a cytosolic A/N- @entity71483 , is responsible for sucrose catabolism in rubber laticifers. The results contribute to the studies of sucrose catabolism in plants as a whole and natural rubber synthesis in particular.

title: HbNIN2, a cytosolic alkaline/neutral-invertase, is responsible for sucrose catabolism in rubber-producing laticifers of @entity15543 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity15543 :: (3981,Species) :: ['para rubber tree']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To measure the changes of mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) after using four antiplatelet drugs in acute non-cardioembolic @entity385 @entity1 and assess the association of antiplatelets and @entity6688 and @entity64 outcome. MATERIAL AND METHOD: @entity385 survivors with National Institute of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) 8 were randomly allocated intofour groups, receiving @entity117 , @entity1397 , combined @entity117 and @entity4341 , and @entity1924 . The change of @entity6688 NIHSS, and modified Rankin Scale ( @entity25968 ) were recorded at baseline and week 4 in all studied groups. @entity6688 was measured using the standard automated blood test for complete blood count. RESULTS: Twenty-one subjects were included in this study. They comprised of five cases in each antiplatelet group, except for @entity117 , which had six subjects. Male was 57%, and @entity101 was the most common risk factor (61.9%). Most of @entity1 (76%) had small vessel disease. At 4-week, MPVwas reduced and NIHSS, @entity25968 were improved in every studied group. @entity1397 sign ficantly reduced NIHSS score (p = 0.003), and it produced the greatest reduction in @entity6688 compared to others. CONCLUSION: Every type of antiplatelets included in this study reduced @entity6688 NIHSS, and @entity25968 in acute non- @entity64 @entity1 . @entity1397 improved NIHSS the most.

title: The Changes in Mean Platelet Volume after Using of Antiplatelet Drugs in Acute XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cardioembolic stroke', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['Clopidogrel', 'clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity1924 :: ('MESH:C045645', 'Chemical') :: ['cilostazol']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'Ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the characteristics of the plantar pressure distribution patterns during mid-stance phase of the gait cycle in subjects with chronic non-specific @entity1643 and asymptomatic subjects. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty-three males and 17 females with chronic non-specific @entity1643 and age- and gender-matched asymptomatic subjects walked barefoot along a gait mat at comfortable speedfor three trials. The left and right plantar pressure distributions were recorded during mid-stance phase and divided into 12 areas. Descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation of demographic data and plantar pressure were calculated, and plantar pressure distribution patterns were described. RESULTS: Mean and standard deviation of @entity158 rating scale of chronic non-specific @entity1643 group were 4.04  1.58. The average mean peak pressure of both chronic non-specific @entity1643 and asymptomatic subjects located at the fifth area (lateral aspect offorefoot) in both feet. However the modes of the peak pressure of subjects with chronic non-specific @entity1643 were in the different areas in the left and right feet. The distribution patterns of the average mean peak pressure were not the same in chronic non-specific @entity1643 and asymptomatic subjects. This altered foot contact in the subjects with chronic non-specific @entity1643 may be used to avoid @entity158 or to compensate for limited mobility of the lower limbs at pre-swing phase. CONCLUSION: At mid-stance phase of walking, the pressures on the plantar surface were unequally distributed in subjects with chronic non-specific @entity1643 .

title: Plantar Pressure Distribution Pattern during Mid-Stance Phase of the Gait in Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'numeric pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate growth rate of aortic diameter true lumen, and false lumen in post endovascular aortic repair of @entity1580 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between January 2005 and September 2010, 48 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1580 were followed with computed tomographic angiography (CTA), including 18 post-surgical repaired type A @entity1 and 30 @entity1892 (14 conservative treatment and 16 post stent-grafting therapy). CTA were performed with a mean of 5.2 scans per @entity1 , and a meanfollow-up of 37.08 months. The diameter ofthe aorta, true lumen, andfalse lumen were measured by axial scan images and multi-planar reformatting (MPR). RESULTS: In medically managed @entity1 with @entity1892 @entity1580 , the aortic diameter increased over time at mean rate 1.49 mm/year at proximal descending aorta with greater increased in size ofthe false lumen diameters than the true lumen diameter. In post-surgical repaired type A and post stent-grafting therapy @entity1892 @entity1580 , aortic diameter did not change over time. In addition, 12 of 16 @entity1 (75%) @entity1 with post stent-grafting therapy @entity1892 dissection hadpartial thrombosed in false lumen and 4 of 16 @entity1 (25%) had complete resolution offalse lumen. CONCLUSION: In post-surgical repaired type A and post stent-grafting therapy @entity1892 @entity1580 , aortic diameter did not change over time. @entity1580 with medical treatment had minimal increased in aortic diameter over time. The results suggested that uncomplicated @entity1892 @entity1580 requires on-going medical treatment.

title: Growth Rate of Aortic Diameter in Post Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissection', 'Type B aortic dissection']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['Aortic Dissection']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity1 with @entity1593 can be identified based on the detection of serum antibodies to deamidated gliadin peptides (DGPs). Recombinant human monoclonal antibodies (hmAb) against gliadin are produced by cloning antibody genes from single IgA-producing plasma cells isolated from lesions of @entity1 with @entity1593 . We developed an assay to identify @entity1 with @entity1593 based on the ability of antibodies from their serum to inhibit the binding of a gliadin-specific hmAb (1002-1E03) to a specific peptide antigen (inhibition assay). METHODS: We selected 2 peptides (a 34-mer and a 26-mer) found in   -gliadins and low-molecular-weight glutenins that had been identified as specific targets of the hmAb 1002-1E03 from a digest of gliadin treated by @entity8265 . These peptides contained repeat sequence motifs; their interaction with hmAb 1002-1E03 was assessed in an amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous inhibition assay. We also tested peptides we created that included 3 repeated sequence motifs. Serum samples from untreated @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1593 (n  = 106) and 2 control groups (198 blood donors, 151 @entity1 with @entity30 ) were analyzed using the assay, as well as in conventional commercial assays that measure IgA against @entity8265 ( @entity8265 ) or IgG against DGP. RESULTS: In our inhibition assays, the 34-mer peptide showed the best results, and identified @entity1 with @entity1593 with 86.8% sensitivity and 98.6% specificity. Its diagnostic accuracy was comparable with that of commercial anti-DGP IgG (sensitivity, 87.9%; specificity, 98.0) and anti- @entity8265 IgA (sensitivity, 81.1%; specificity, 98.9) assays, and it detected most of the patients with anti- @entity8265 IgA-negative @entity1593 without a significant decrease in specificity. Combined use of the anti-  34 and the anti- @entity8265 assays produced specificity and sensitivity values of 95.3% and 98.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We developed an antigliadin inhibition assay that identifies @entity1 with @entity1593 with high levels of specificity and sensitivity. It may prove useful as an adjunct to the current assay for anti- @entity8265 IgA.

title: Serologic Assay for Diagnosis of XXXX Based on a Patient-Derived Monoclonal Antigliadin Antibody.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease']

answer: @entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['Celiac Disease']


abstract: @entity463 is the most malignant and most common primary @entity1313 and is treated with resection followed by post-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, a significant amount of @entity1 are older than 80 years, and such an approach may not be appropriate. Data on @entity1 aged 80 or older with @entity463 from two hospitals was collected using the CNS @entity5 Database on the Australian Comprehensive Cancer Outcomes and Research Database (ACCORD) system operated by BioGrid. Between 2008 and July 2011, 40 @entity1 aged 80 years or older were diagnosed with @entity463 . The median ECOG PS was 2 and the ASA score was 3. All 40 @entity1 underwent surgery and 33% had a gross total resection. Only six @entity1 (15%) had either post-operative radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The overall median survival was 4 months (range 0-18 months) and 28% of @entity1 lived between 6 and 24 months. This is the largest reported cohort of very elderly @entity1 with @entity463 . @entity1 tolerated surgery but few went on to receive post-operative radiotherapy or chemotherapy. This @entity1 population requires special attention and in particular would benefit from participation in suitable clinical trials to determine the best care regime.

title: XXXX multiforme in the very elderly.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma', 'Glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumour']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['Glioblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of chemotherapy and cranial irradiation on normal brain tissue using in vivo neuroimaging in @entity1 with @entity463 . METHODS: We used longitudinal MRI to monitor structural brain changes during standard treatment in @entity1 newly diagnosed with @entity463 . We assessed volumetric and diffusion tensor imaging measures in 14 @entity1 receiving 6 weeks of chemoradiation, followed by up to 6 months of @entity2903 chemotherapy alone. We examined changes in whole brain, gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), anterior lateral ventricle, and hippocampal volumes. Normal-appearing GM, WM, and hippocampal analyses were conducted within the hemisphere of lowest/ @entity5 burden. We examined diffusion tensor imaging measures within the subventricular zone. RESULTS: Whole brain (F = 2.41; p = 0.016) and GM (F = 2.13; p = 0.036) volume decreased during treatment, without significant WM volume change. Anterior lateral ventricle volume increased significantly (F = 65.51; p < 0.001). In @entity1 analyzed beyond 23 weeks, mean ventricular volume increased by 42.2% (SE: 8.8%; t = 4.94; p < 0.005). Apparent diffusion coefficient increased within the subventricular zone (F = 7.028; p < 0.001). No significant changes were identified in hippocampal volume. CONCLUSIONS: We present evidence of significant and progressive treatment-associated structural brain changes in @entity1 with @entity463 treated with standard chemoradiation. Future studies using longitudinal neuropsychological evaluation are needed to characterize the functional consequences of these structural changes.

title: Standard chemoradiation for XXXX results in progressive brain volume loss.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['absent tumor']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the clinical outcomes of extended-field radiation therapy (EFRT) and to analyze prognostic factors significant for survival in @entity1 receiving EFRT for uterine @entity2622 with para-aortic node (PAN) @entity3 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 90 @entity1 with @entity5 and PAN @entity3 between 1987 and 2012. Median age was 50 (range, 24-77). @entity1 received median 70.2 Gy (range, 56-93) to point A and median 50.4 Gy (range, 45-60.4) to PAN over median 69 elapsed days (range, 43-182). Forty-six @entity1 (51.1%) received concurrent chemotherapy. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. We analyzed prognostic factors for @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and progression-free survival (PFS) using a Cox regression method. RESULTS: The median follow-up period for surviving @entity1 was 55 months (range, 3-252). Seventy @entity1 (77.8%) had complete remission. Forty-six @entity1 experienced treatment failure as follows: 11 @entity1 (12.2%) as local recurrence, 19 (21%) as regional recurrence and 33 (36.7%) as distant @entity3 . The 5-yr @entity1349 and PFS were 62.6% and 43.9%, respectively. Treatment response was the only statistically independent prognostic factors for @entity1349 (p= 0.04) and PFS (p< 0.001) on multivariate analysis. Grade 3 or 4 hematologic @entity344 were observed in about 10% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our institutional experiences showed that EFRT was an effective treatment for @entity5 @entity1 with PAN @entity3 . The addition of chemotherapy to EFRT seems to have uncertain survival benefit with higher hematologic @entity137 .

title: Treatment outcomes of extended-field radiation therapy and the effect of concurrent @entity5 with para-aortic lymph node XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage IB-IVA cervical cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal and urogenital toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall actuarial survival']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the clinical outcomes of extended-field radiation therapy (EFRT) and to analyze prognostic factors significant for survival in @entity1 receiving EFRT for uterine @entity2622 with para-aortic node (PAN) @entity3 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 90 @entity1 with @entity5 and PAN @entity3 between 1987 and 2012. Median age was 50 (range, 24-77). @entity1 received median 70.2 Gy (range, 56-93) to point A and median 50.4 Gy (range, 45-60.4) to PAN over median 69 elapsed days (range, 43-182). Forty-six @entity1 (51.1%) received concurrent chemotherapy. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. We analyzed prognostic factors for @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and progression-free survival (PFS) using a Cox regression method. RESULTS: The median follow-up period for surviving @entity1 was 55 months (range, 3-252). Seventy @entity1 (77.8%) had complete remission. Forty-six @entity1 experienced treatment failure as follows: 11 @entity1 (12.2%) as local recurrence, 19 (21%) as regional recurrence and 33 (36.7%) as distant @entity3 . The 5-yr @entity1349 and PFS were 62.6% and 43.9%, respectively. Treatment response was the only statistically independent prognostic factors for @entity1349 (p= 0.04) and PFS (p< 0.001) on multivariate analysis. Grade 3 or 4 hematologic @entity344 were observed in about 10% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our institutional experiences showed that EFRT was an effective treatment for @entity5 @entity1 with PAN @entity3 . The addition of chemotherapy to EFRT seems to have uncertain survival benefit with higher hematologic @entity137 .

title: Treatment outcomes of extended-field radiation therapy and the effect of concurrent XXXX with para-aortic lymph node @entity3 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['chemotherapy on uterine cervical cancer']


abstract: AIMS: Vulnerable plaques are characterized by a high macrophage content. We investigated the optical coherence tomography (OCT) capability of identifying coronary plaque macrophage presence using tissue property indexes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifteen epicardial coronary arteries were imaged by OCT and subsequently analysed by histology. Correlating OCT-histological sections were identified and @entity30 ( @entity30 ) were selected on both @entity731 and normal appearing vessel tracts. OCT-derived tissue property indexes named @entity5494 ( @entity5494 ), signal attenuation, and granulometry index were applied on @entity30 to identify inflamed @entity30 defined as a macrophage percentage >10 by histology. Forty-three paired samples (OCT frame and histology section) were considered suitable as @entity30 for analysis. Eleven out of 43 @entity30 were considered inflamed and the remaining 32 @entity30 were non-inflamed on the basis of histological count of macrophage percentage. All OCT-derived tissue property indexes were positively correlated with macrophage percentage (P = 0.0001 for all). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that @entity5494 , granulometry index, and signal attenuation had a significant area under the curve (area = 0.906, 0.804, and 0.793, respectively). A two-step algorithm requiring to first apply @entity5494 with a cut-off value of 0.0570 followed by granulometry index was able to identify an inflamed ROI with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 96.8%. CONCLUSION: OCT was able to identify and quantify macrophage presence in coronary artery specimens using tissue property indexes. @entity5494 and granulometry index showed the highest accuracy in identifying a significant @entity32 , especially if used together in a two-step algorithm.

title: Identification and quantification of macrophage presence in coronary XXXX by optical coherence tomography.

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic plaques']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['plaque inflammation']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['regions of interest', 'ROIs']

entities_list: @entity5494 :: ('MESH:D010262', 'Disease') :: ['NSD', 'normalized standard deviation']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic plaques']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aims to represent the epidemiologies, findings, treatments, use of resources, outcomes and protective-eyewear-use recommendations in sports-related @entity4858 by sport type. METHODS: The study population is comprised of all new @entity4858 @entity1 in 1  year in Helsinki University Eye Hospital. Data were collected from @entity1 questionnaires and hospital records. The follow-up period was 3  months. RESULTS: 149/1151 (12.9%) of @entity4858 were sports-related. Thirty two percent were related to floorball (type of hockey played on a mat with a stick and a ball); football, tennis and ice hockey were the next most common @entity4858 -causing sports. Relatively, the most dangerous sports were rink bandy, (bandy played on ice hockey rink with a stick and a ball) (0.50 injuries in 12  months/1000 @entity1 , CI 0.10-1.46), floorball (0.47, CI 0.34-0.62) and tennis (0.47, CI 0.26-0.77). Contusion was the primary diagnosis in 77% of cases; 41% of @entity2981 @entity1 had severe, mainly retinal findings. The number of outpatient visits was 459; inpatient days 25 and major surgeries 31. One hundred and eight @entity1 were estimated to need life-long follow-up. Seventeen @entity1 had a permanent functional impairment, 4 in ice hockey, 3 in floorball, 2 each in tennis and badminton. CONCLUSION: Compared to a previous study, ice @entity4858 are increasing and relatively severe, and a third of these injuries occurred despite visor use. @entity4858 incidence has significantly declined, mainly due to recently enforced mandatory protective eyewear for younger age groups. Based on these findings, we recommend, in floorball, that protective eyewear should be mandatory in all age groups. Universally in ice hockey, the proper use of a visor should be emphasised.

title: Sports-related XXXX : the current picture.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2981 :: ('MESH:D003288', 'Disease') :: ['contusion']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['eye injuries', 'hockey eye injuries', 'Floorball eye injury', 'eye-injury', 'eye injury']

answer: @entity4858 :: (MESH:D005131,Disease) :: ['eye injuries']


abstract: @entity8 is a main cause of @entity177 . Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers play a role in renal @entity82 . @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) has been shown to initiate and complete the whole EMT process. It is now well accepted that loss of @entity5962 , EMT marker @entity1970 , and @entity12020 ( @entity12020 ) expression are key events in the EMT process. We found that by stimulating @entity1 renal proximal tubular epithelial ( @entity1 ) cells with @entity2533 , the expression of @entity5962 was down regulated and the expression of @entity1970 and @entity12020 were up regulated in a dose dependent manner. In our present study we also found that integrin @entity1075 ( @entity5601 -y) play roles in EMT process, with @entity2533 stimulation increasing integrin b4 expression in @entity1 cells. Integrin b4 and PPARy were detected in tubulointerstitial tissues, immunohistochemistry analysis showed enhanced expression of integrin b4 in early stage, with over-expression at later stage. In contrast, the expression of PPARy showed little increased in early stage, but was dramatically decreased at later stage. This is consistent with @entity2533 inducing EMT. Our immune-precipitation studies show that integrin b4 disassociation with PPARy is present in @entity5962 signaling. It suggests that PPARy has a role in EMT inhibition.

title: Integrin b4 in EMT: an implication of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1075 :: ('930', 'Gene') :: ['b4 and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-y']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['Transforming growth factor-b1', 'TGF-b1']

entities_list: @entity12020 :: ('1490', 'Gene') :: ['connective tissue growth factor', 'CTGF']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity29 ( @entity29 ) is not uncommon in @entity1 and is an important cause of morbidity. Since information on @entity29 in Indian @entity1 is sparse, the study aimed at highlighting the salient features in them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire survey was done among 221 @entity1 and adolescents with @entity29 [ @entity31 ( @entity31 ) 93 (42.1  %); @entity30 ( @entity30 ) 122 (55.2  %); unclassified ( @entity29 -U) 6 (2.7  %)] across seven centers in India. The cut-off age was 18  years and below. RESULTS: The mean age of presentation for @entity31 and @entity30 was 10.2        4.4 and 11.0        4.5  years, respectively, with no gender difference. @entity294 (69.9  %, p   =   0.001) and blood in the stools (90.3  %, p   =   0.0001) were common in @entity31 , whereas @entity490 (73.8  %, p   =   0.01), fever (39.3  %, p   =   0.0001), @entity417 (64.7  %, p   =   0.001), and @entity851 (76.2  %, p   =   0.0001) were common in @entity30 . Extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) were a feature in 23.6 % and 36.1  % of @entity31 and @entity30 , respectively. Pancolitis (E3) was predominant in @entity31 (70.9  %) and 88  % required steroids. Ileocolonic @entity30 (L3) was common in 72.9  %; 76.2  % required azathioprine for maintenance. Of the @entity1 with @entity31 , 11.8  % had complications like @entity548 and toxic megacolon, while 27  % of @entity30 had fistulae, perianal abscess, stricture, and perforation. Biologicals were used in 0.8  % of severe @entity31 and in 12.2  % of @entity30 . In @entity31 , 4.3  % required surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: @entity29 ( @entity29 ) in India shares similarities with adult-onset @entity29 . Distinctive features were @entity851 and more severe forms of the disease necessitating immunomodulators.

title: A questionnaire survey of pediatric XXXX in India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth failure']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['massive hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['Diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammatory bowel disease', 'Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease', 'P-IBD', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity2210 ( @entity2210 ) have increased risks for @entity458 than healthy @entity1 . This study aimed to explore the roles of psychosocial factors and duodenal mast cells in the pathogenesis of @entity2210 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We prospectively included 48 @entity2210 @entity1 and 21 age- and sex-match healthy volunteers. There were 23 @entity1 with @entity4053 ( @entity4053 ) and 25 @entity1 with @entity158 ( @entity158 ). The @entity308 Scale (HADS) was administered to evaluate their psychosocial status. Upper endoscopy was performed with biopsy of the mucosa from the bulb of duodenum. Mast cells counts and degranulation rates were identified by @entity11979 staining. The relationship among the scores of HADS-A ( @entity148 ) and HADS-D ( @entity308 ) and the mast cell counts and degranulation rates were analyzed. RESULTS: The scores of HADS-A and HADS-D were significantly higher in @entity4053 and @entity158 @entity1 than the normal controls (P<0.05). The mast cell counts and degranulation rates in the duodenum were significantly increased in @entity4053 and @entity158 @entity1 than the controls (P<0.05). In either @entity4053 or @entity158 @entity1 , the HADS-A and HADS-D scores were positively correlated with the mast cell counts and degranulation rate. CONCLUSION: @entity2210 @entity1 had significantly higher risks for @entity148 and @entity308 , which may lead to @entity2210 through the increased mast cell counts and degranulation.

title: XXXX and @entity308 are associated with increased counts and degranulation of duodenal mast cells in @entity2210 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'peoples']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Hospital Anxiety Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['PDS', 'postprandial distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity11979 :: ('MESH:D014048', 'Chemical') :: ['toluidine blue']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain syndrome', 'EPS']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['functional dyspepsia', 'FD']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['Anxiety']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity2210 ( @entity2210 ) have increased risks for @entity458 than healthy @entity1 . This study aimed to explore the roles of psychosocial factors and duodenal mast cells in the pathogenesis of @entity2210 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We prospectively included 48 @entity2210 @entity1 and 21 age- and sex-match healthy volunteers. There were 23 @entity1 with @entity4053 ( @entity4053 ) and 25 @entity1 with @entity158 ( @entity158 ). The @entity308 Scale (HADS) was administered to evaluate their psychosocial status. Upper endoscopy was performed with biopsy of the mucosa from the bulb of duodenum. Mast cells counts and degranulation rates were identified by @entity11979 staining. The relationship among the scores of HADS-A ( @entity148 ) and HADS-D ( @entity308 ) and the mast cell counts and degranulation rates were analyzed. RESULTS: The scores of HADS-A and HADS-D were significantly higher in @entity4053 and @entity158 @entity1 than the normal controls (P<0.05). The mast cell counts and degranulation rates in the duodenum were significantly increased in @entity4053 and @entity158 @entity1 than the controls (P<0.05). In either @entity4053 or @entity158 @entity1 , the HADS-A and HADS-D scores were positively correlated with the mast cell counts and degranulation rate. CONCLUSION: @entity2210 @entity1 had significantly higher risks for @entity148 and @entity308 , which may lead to @entity2210 through the increased mast cell counts and degranulation.

title: @entity148 and XXXX are associated with increased counts and degranulation of duodenal mast cells in @entity2210 .

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity2210 ( @entity2210 ) have increased risks for @entity458 than healthy @entity1 . This study aimed to explore the roles of psychosocial factors and duodenal mast cells in the pathogenesis of @entity2210 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We prospectively included 48 @entity2210 @entity1 and 21 age- and sex-match healthy volunteers. There were 23 @entity1 with @entity4053 ( @entity4053 ) and 25 @entity1 with @entity158 ( @entity158 ). The @entity308 Scale (HADS) was administered to evaluate their psychosocial status. Upper endoscopy was performed with biopsy of the mucosa from the bulb of duodenum. Mast cells counts and degranulation rates were identified by @entity11979 staining. The relationship among the scores of HADS-A ( @entity148 ) and HADS-D ( @entity308 ) and the mast cell counts and degranulation rates were analyzed. RESULTS: The scores of HADS-A and HADS-D were significantly higher in @entity4053 and @entity158 @entity1 than the normal controls (P<0.05). The mast cell counts and degranulation rates in the duodenum were significantly increased in @entity4053 and @entity158 @entity1 than the controls (P<0.05). In either @entity4053 or @entity158 @entity1 , the HADS-A and HADS-D scores were positively correlated with the mast cell counts and degranulation rate. CONCLUSION: @entity2210 @entity1 had significantly higher risks for @entity148 and @entity308 , which may lead to @entity2210 through the increased mast cell counts and degranulation.

title: @entity148 and @entity308 are associated with increased counts and degranulation of duodenal mast cells in XXXX .

answer: @entity2210 :: (MESH:D004415,Disease) :: ['functional dyspepsia']


abstract: MAIN CONCLUSION: Abscisic acid mediates the effect of post-anthesis soil drying on grain filling through regulating the activities of key enzymes and expressions of genes involved in sucrose-to-starch conversion in @entity579 spikelets. This study investigated if abscisic acid (ABA) would mediate the effect of post-anthesis soil drying on grain filling through regulating the key enzymes in sucrose-to-starch conversion in @entity579 ( @entity579 .) spikelets. Two @entity579 cultivars were field-grown. Three treatments, @entity14962 ( @entity14962 ), @entity2133 ( @entity2133 ), and severe soil drying (SD), were imposed from 6  days after full heading until maturity. When compared with those under the @entity14962 , grain filling rate, grain weight, and sink activity, in terms of the activities and gene expression levels of sucrose synthase, ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase, starch synthase, and starch branching enzyme, in inferior spikelets were substantially increased under the @entity2133 , whereas they were markedly decreased in both superior and inferior spikelets under the SD. The two cultivars showed the same tendencies. Both @entity2133 and SD increased ABA content and expression levels of its biosynthesis genes in spikelets, with more increase under the SD than the @entity2133 . ABA content was significantly correlated with grain filling rate and sink activities under both @entity14962 and @entity2133 , while the correlations were not significant under the SD. Application of a low concentration ABA to @entity14962 plants imitated the results under the @entity2133 , and applying with a high concentration ABA showed the effect of the SD. The results suggest that ABA plays a vital role in grain filling through regulating sink activity and functions in a dose-dependent manner. An elevated ABA level under the @entity2133 enhances, whereas a too high level of ABA under the SD decreases, sink activity.

title: Abscisic acid and the key enzymes and genes in sucrose-to-starch conversion in XXXX spikelets in response to soil drying during grain filling.

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['moderate soil drying', 'MD']

entities_list: @entity579 :: ('4530', 'Species') :: ['Oryza sativa L', 'rice']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The level of dietary protein determines the onset of reproduction, affects offspring growth and maturation, and hence influences life-history traits and fitness. However, to date, the long-term life-history consequences of @entity1131 are not well understood. We studied the transgenerational effects of different levels of dietary protein on the life-history and level of maternal behavior of the striped @entity19 Rhabdomys dilectus chakae in captivity. Breeding pairs were assigned to three treatments based on the percentage of dietary protein: baseline (BP; 19%); @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ; 24%); and low protein (LP; 10%). Reproductive output and offspring ontogeny was diminished in the LP treatment compared to the other treatments. Transgenerational effects were studied by breeding F2 females raised on the LP or @entity2101 diets on the same ( @entity2101 , LP-LP) or altered diets ( @entity1131 , LP- @entity2101 ). The LP-LP treatment had no reproductive success, while reproductive capacity in the remaining treatments was determined mainly by the diet of mothers at breeding. Pups from protein-restricted females (LP, @entity1131 ) showed post-weaning compensatory growth. Timing of sexual maturity was age-dependent in female and mass-dependent in male offspring. Females fed low protein diets during breeding (LP, @entity1131 ) displayed lower levels of maternal behavior than females from the other treatments. This study demonstrates that the level of dietary protein influences the life-history of R. d. chakae in predictable ways. The taxon responds to changes in dietary protein at breeding, largely regardless of its nutrition during rearing. Such phenotypic flexibility in life-history parameters allows Rhabdomys to adaptively respond to unpredictable environmental changes. J. Exp. Zool. 323A: 97-108, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Dietary protein influences the life-history characteristics across generations in the African striped XXXX Rhabdomys.

entities_list: @entity1131 :: ('MESH:D011488', 'Disease') :: ['HP-LP', 'protein deficiency']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['HP-HP', 'high protein', 'HP']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: Aim. To investigate the dynamic changes on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in the @entity6 chronic refractory cutaneous @entity1066 after the autologous platelet-rich gel (APG) treatment. Methods. The study was developed at the @entity6 Care Centre, West China Hospital. The granulation tissues from the target wounds were taken before and within 15 days after APG application. The expression of @entity1476 and @entity1552 as well as @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) in the granulation tissue was detected by q TR-PCR and IHC. The relationship between the expression level of @entity1476 and @entity1552 and their ratio and that of @entity2533 was analyzed. Results. The expression of @entity1476 (P < 0.05) was suppressed, and the expression of @entity1552 (P < 0.05) was promoted, while the ratio of @entity1476 / @entity1552 (P < 0.05) was decreased after APG treatments. The expression of @entity2533 had negative correlation with the ratio of @entity1476 / @entity1552 (P < 0.05) and positive correlation with the expression of @entity1552 (P < 0.05). Conclusions. APG treatment may suppress the expression of @entity1476 , promoting that of the @entity1552 in the @entity6 chronic refractory cutaneous wounds. @entity2533 may be related to these effects.

title: The Effect of Autologous Platelet-Rich Gel on the Dynamic Changes of the XXXX Expression in the @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'Diabetic Foot']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-b1', 'TGF-b1']

answer: @entity1476 :: (4313,Gene) :: ['Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2']


abstract: Aim. To investigate the dynamic changes on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in the @entity6 chronic refractory cutaneous @entity1066 after the autologous platelet-rich gel (APG) treatment. Methods. The study was developed at the @entity6 Care Centre, West China Hospital. The granulation tissues from the target wounds were taken before and within 15 days after APG application. The expression of @entity1476 and @entity1552 as well as @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) in the granulation tissue was detected by q TR-PCR and IHC. The relationship between the expression level of @entity1476 and @entity1552 and their ratio and that of @entity2533 was analyzed. Results. The expression of @entity1476 (P < 0.05) was suppressed, and the expression of @entity1552 (P < 0.05) was promoted, while the ratio of @entity1476 / @entity1552 (P < 0.05) was decreased after APG treatments. The expression of @entity2533 had negative correlation with the ratio of @entity1476 / @entity1552 (P < 0.05) and positive correlation with the expression of @entity1552 (P < 0.05). Conclusions. APG treatment may suppress the expression of @entity1476 , promoting that of the @entity1552 in the @entity6 chronic refractory cutaneous wounds. @entity2533 may be related to these effects.

title: The Effect of Autologous Platelet-Rich Gel on the Dynamic Changes of the @entity1476 Expression in the XXXX .

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetic Chronic Refractory Cutaneous Ulcers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2530 ( @entity2530 ) of the humeral head is a known @entity455 . Prosthetic replacement may be the last option to treat the associated @entity158 . Depending on the condition of the glenoid, hemiarthroplasty (HA) or @entity348 ( @entity348 ) can be considered. To date, the peer reviewed literature offers limited direction on the better treatment for this population. METHODS: Between 1973 and 2010, 93 arthroplasties were performed for post-traumatic @entity2530 of the humeral head after conservative treatments failed. Of these, 37 HAs and 46 TSAs were monitored for a minimum of 2  years (mean, 8.9  years) or until reoperation. RESULTS: The HA and @entity348 groups showed improvements in @entity158 (P  <  .001), elevation (P  <  .01), and external rotation (P  <  .01). The @entity348 group had less @entity158 at follow-up than the HA group (2.1 vs 3.0, P  =  .001). @entity348 led to better satisfaction (70% vs 56%) and more excellent/satisfactory Neer ratings (57% vs 41%) compared with HA. Nine HA @entity1 and 5 @entity348 @entity1 underwent reoperation. The most common causes for reoperation were @entity158 glenoid @entity4040 (n = 8) in HA and rotator cuff failure (n = 4) in @entity348 . The estimated 15-year survivorship was 79.5% for HA and 83% for @entity348 . DISCUSSION: In @entity1 with post-traumatic @entity2530 of the humeral head, shoulder arthroplasty provides improvements in range of motion. However, @entity348 provides superior @entity158 relief, with better @entity1 -reported satisfaction. @entity348 should be strongly considered in @entity1 with post-traumatic @entity2530 of the humeral head with damage to the glenoid cartilage.

title: Shoulder arthroplasty for post-traumatic XXXX of the humeral head.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['complication of proximal humeral trauma']

entities_list: @entity4040 :: ('MESH:C537208', 'Disease') :: ['arthrosis']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['total shoulder arthroplasty', 'TSA']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['ON', 'Osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity2530 :: (MESH:D010020,Disease) :: ['osteonecrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of @entity29 [ @entity29 ] in Eastern Europe is poorly understood, particularly with regard to diagnostic delay. Here we investigated the factors leading to delayed diagnosis and the effect of the delay on several disease progression and outcome measures. METHODS: A total of 1196 @entity29 cases [682 @entity31 [ @entity31 ], 478 @entity30 [ @entity30 ], 36 indeterminate @entity1960 ] from the Romanian national registry IBDPROSPECT were reviewed. Standard clinical and demographic factors were evaluated as predictors of a long diagnostic delay in both @entity30 and @entity31 . Diagnostic delay was subsequently evaluated as a potential risk factor for bowel stenoses, bowel @entity292 , perianal @entity292 , perianal surgery, and intestinal surgery in @entity30 @entity1 . RESULTS: The median diagnostic delay was significantly longer in @entity30 [5 months] than in @entity31 [1 month] @entity1 [p < 0.001]. Compared with 5 months for @entity31 @entity1 , 75% of @entity30 @entity1 were diagnosed within 18 months of symptom onset. In @entity30 @entity1 , extra-ileal location was a protective factor (odds ratio [OR], 0.5; p = 0.03), whereas being an active smoker [OR, 2.09; p = 0.01] and symptom onset during summer [OR, 3.35; p < 0.001] were independent risk factors for a long diagnostic delay [> 18 months]. In @entity31 @entity1 , an age > 40 years was a protective factor [OR, 0.68; p = 0.04] for a long delay. Regarding outcomes, a long diagnostic delay in @entity30 @entity1 positively correlated with bowel stenoses [OR, 3.38; p < 0.01] and any @entity29 -related surgery [OR, 1.95; p = 0.03] and had a positive trend for intestinal @entity292 [OR, 2.64; p = 0.08] and perianal @entity292 [OR, 2.9; p = 0.07]. Disease duration since diagnosis positively correlated with bowel stenoses [OR, 1.04; p = 0.04], any @entity29 -related surgery [OR, 1.04; p = 0.02], and intestinal surgery [OR, 1.07; p < 0.01]. CONCLUSIONS: A long diagnostic delay in @entity29 correlates with an increased frequency of bowel stenoses and need for @entity29 -related surgery.

title: Diagnostic Delay in Romanian @entity1 with XXXX : Risk Factors and Impact on the Disease Course and Need for Surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['Inflammatory Bowel Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of @entity29 [ @entity29 ] in Eastern Europe is poorly understood, particularly with regard to diagnostic delay. Here we investigated the factors leading to delayed diagnosis and the effect of the delay on several disease progression and outcome measures. METHODS: A total of 1196 @entity29 cases [682 @entity31 [ @entity31 ], 478 @entity30 [ @entity30 ], 36 indeterminate @entity1960 ] from the Romanian national registry IBDPROSPECT were reviewed. Standard clinical and demographic factors were evaluated as predictors of a long diagnostic delay in both @entity30 and @entity31 . Diagnostic delay was subsequently evaluated as a potential risk factor for bowel stenoses, bowel @entity292 , perianal @entity292 , perianal surgery, and intestinal surgery in @entity30 @entity1 . RESULTS: The median diagnostic delay was significantly longer in @entity30 [5 months] than in @entity31 [1 month] @entity1 [p < 0.001]. Compared with 5 months for @entity31 @entity1 , 75% of @entity30 @entity1 were diagnosed within 18 months of symptom onset. In @entity30 @entity1 , extra-ileal location was a protective factor (odds ratio [OR], 0.5; p = 0.03), whereas being an active smoker [OR, 2.09; p = 0.01] and symptom onset during summer [OR, 3.35; p < 0.001] were independent risk factors for a long diagnostic delay [> 18 months]. In @entity31 @entity1 , an age > 40 years was a protective factor [OR, 0.68; p = 0.04] for a long delay. Regarding outcomes, a long diagnostic delay in @entity30 @entity1 positively correlated with bowel stenoses [OR, 3.38; p < 0.01] and any @entity29 -related surgery [OR, 1.95; p = 0.03] and had a positive trend for intestinal @entity292 [OR, 2.64; p = 0.08] and perianal @entity292 [OR, 2.9; p = 0.07]. Disease duration since diagnosis positively correlated with bowel stenoses [OR, 1.04; p = 0.04], any @entity29 -related surgery [OR, 1.04; p = 0.02], and intestinal surgery [OR, 1.07; p < 0.01]. CONCLUSIONS: A long diagnostic delay in @entity29 correlates with an increased frequency of bowel stenoses and need for @entity29 -related surgery.

title: Diagnostic Delay in Romanian XXXX with @entity29 : Risk Factors and Impact on the Disease Course and Need for Surgery.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell arrest and is associated with the development of @entity102 , including @entity5 . Here, we investigated the induction of cellular senescence during @entity409 . @entity96 was induced in Fischer 344 @entity35 with a weekly intraperitoneal injection of @entity107 (50mg/kg body weight) for 16 weeks. Double-detection of b-galactosidase with Ki67 for cell proliferation; a-SMA and @entity13963 for cell specificity; @entity10740 , @entity7504 , @entity11754 , and @entity12003 , @entity23305 , and @entity19087 for senescence-associated molecular pathways and y-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) for hepatocarcinogenesis was assessed to determine the association of these markers with cellular senescence. DNA damage was measured through @entity7905 ( @entity7905 ) detection. Progressive cellular senescence was observed in both fibrotic septa and hepatocytes from week 10 to 18. The maximum peak of positive senescent and fibrotic cells was observed at week 16 and decreased at week 18, but cell proliferation remained high. Whereas the increased @entity11754 expression and @entity7905 were concomitant with that of b-galactosidase, those of @entity10740 and @entity7504 were barely detected. Furthermore, b-galactosidase positive myofibroblast-like cells were mainly surrounding @entity5 . Our findings showed that in hepatocarcinogenesis by @entity107 , cellular senescence is associated with @entity11754 pathway activation and is mainly localized in myofibroblast-like cells.

title: Double staining of b-galactosidase with fibrosis and @entity5 markers reveals the chronological appearance of senescence in @entity409 induced by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['Liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'GGT-positive tumors']

entities_list: @entity107 :: ('MESH:D004052', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylnitrosamine']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity7905 :: ('MESH:C565785', 'Disease') :: ['SAHF', 'senescence-associated heterochromatin foci']

answer: @entity107 :: (MESH:D004052,Chemical) :: ['diethylnitrosamine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell arrest and is associated with the development of @entity102 , including @entity5 . Here, we investigated the induction of cellular senescence during @entity409 . @entity96 was induced in Fischer 344 @entity35 with a weekly intraperitoneal injection of @entity107 (50mg/kg body weight) for 16 weeks. Double-detection of b-galactosidase with Ki67 for cell proliferation; a-SMA and @entity13963 for cell specificity; @entity10740 , @entity7504 , @entity11754 , and @entity12003 , @entity23305 , and @entity19087 for senescence-associated molecular pathways and y-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) for hepatocarcinogenesis was assessed to determine the association of these markers with cellular senescence. DNA damage was measured through @entity7905 ( @entity7905 ) detection. Progressive cellular senescence was observed in both fibrotic septa and hepatocytes from week 10 to 18. The maximum peak of positive senescent and fibrotic cells was observed at week 16 and decreased at week 18, but cell proliferation remained high. Whereas the increased @entity11754 expression and @entity7905 were concomitant with that of b-galactosidase, those of @entity10740 and @entity7504 were barely detected. Furthermore, b-galactosidase positive myofibroblast-like cells were mainly surrounding @entity5 . Our findings showed that in hepatocarcinogenesis by @entity107 , cellular senescence is associated with @entity11754 pathway activation and is mainly localized in myofibroblast-like cells.

title: Double staining of b-galactosidase with fibrosis and @entity5 markers reveals the chronological appearance of senescence in XXXX induced by @entity107 .

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver carcinogenesis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell arrest and is associated with the development of @entity102 , including @entity5 . Here, we investigated the induction of cellular senescence during @entity409 . @entity96 was induced in Fischer 344 @entity35 with a weekly intraperitoneal injection of @entity107 (50mg/kg body weight) for 16 weeks. Double-detection of b-galactosidase with Ki67 for cell proliferation; a-SMA and @entity13963 for cell specificity; @entity10740 , @entity7504 , @entity11754 , and @entity12003 , @entity23305 , and @entity19087 for senescence-associated molecular pathways and y-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) for hepatocarcinogenesis was assessed to determine the association of these markers with cellular senescence. DNA damage was measured through @entity7905 ( @entity7905 ) detection. Progressive cellular senescence was observed in both fibrotic septa and hepatocytes from week 10 to 18. The maximum peak of positive senescent and fibrotic cells was observed at week 16 and decreased at week 18, but cell proliferation remained high. Whereas the increased @entity11754 expression and @entity7905 were concomitant with that of b-galactosidase, those of @entity10740 and @entity7504 were barely detected. Furthermore, b-galactosidase positive myofibroblast-like cells were mainly surrounding @entity5 . Our findings showed that in hepatocarcinogenesis by @entity107 , cellular senescence is associated with @entity11754 pathway activation and is mainly localized in myofibroblast-like cells.

title: Double staining of b-galactosidase with fibrosis and XXXX markers reveals the chronological appearance of senescence in @entity409 induced by @entity107 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Coverage of the UK National Health Service Cervical Screening Programme is declining. Under-screened @entity1 whose daughters participate in the @entity1082 ) vaccination programme could be stimulated to attend. We investigated whether factors associated with the vaccination programme changed mothers' intentions for future screening. METHODS: Questionnaires were sent to mothers of @entity1 aged 12-13   years across two North West primary care trusts (n=2387) to assess the effect of the HPV vaccination programme on screening intentions. This identified mothers whose intentions had changed. Consent was sought to contact them for a semi-structured interview to discuss their screening intentions. Key themes were identified using framework analysis. RESULTS: 97/606 @entity1 responding to the questionnaire had changed their views about cervical screening. 23 @entity1 were interviewed, 10 of whom expressed a positive change and 13 no change. Most had discussed the vaccine information, including cervical screening, with their daughters. Mothers who made a positive change decision recognised their daughters' risk of @entity5 , the need for future screening, and the importance of their own example. In this way daughters became 'significant others' in reinforcing their mothers' cervical screening motivation. CONCLUSIONS: A daughter's invitation for HPV vaccination instigates a reassessment of cervical screening intention in some under-screened mothers.

title: A qualitative study to assess the potential of the XXXX vaccination programme to encourage under-screened mothers to attend for cervical screening.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: It is well known that @entity409 has an adverse effect on postoperative outcomes. However, what is still unknown is how to appropriately risk stratify this @entity1 population based on the degree of @entity1578 . Because data are limited, specifically in general surgery practice, we analyzed the @entity3851 ( @entity3851 ) in terms of predicting @entity260 after one of three general surgery operations: @entity169 ( @entity169 ), @entity14147 ( @entity14147 ), and colon resection (CRXN). National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data on 17,812 total @entity1 undergoing one of three general surgery operations from 2008 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 7402 @entity1 undergoing @entity169 ; 5014 @entity1 undergoing @entity14147 ; 5396 @entity1 undergoing CRXN. @entity3851 score was calculated using international normalized ratio, total @entity648 , and @entity1011 . The primary end point was any @entity260 . The statistical method used was logistic regression. For @entity169 , @entity14147 , and CRXN, the overall complication rates were 3.4, 6.4, and 45.9 per cent, respectively. The mean @entity3851 scores were 8.6, 8.5, and 8.5, respectively. For every 1-point increase greater than the mean @entity3851 score, there was a 7.8, 13.8, and 11.6 per cent increase in any @entity260 . The overall 30-day mortality rate was 0.9 per cent. In conclusion, the @entity3851 score continuum adequately predicts @entity1 ' increased risk of @entity260 after @entity169 , @entity14147 , and CRXN. Therefore, @entity3851 could be used for preoperative risk stratification and guide clinical decision making for general surgery in the cirrhotic @entity1 .

title: A NSQIP Analysis of XXXX and Perioperative Outcomes in General Surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications', 'postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['MELD', 'model of end-stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['IHR', 'inguinal hernia repair']

entities_list: @entity14147 :: ('MESH:D006554', 'Disease') :: ['UHR', 'umbilical hernia repair']

answer: @entity3851 :: (MESH:D058625,Disease) :: ['MELD']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity775 causes @entity3619 and often leads to @entity82 and @entity204 without treatment. We wanted to see if having access to primary care or insurance prior to diagnosis is associated with better outcomes for @entity1 in an urban, public hospital with mostly socioeconomically disadvantaged Hispanic @entity1 . METHODS: We did a retrospective study at our institution. Kaplan Meier survival analysis was done looking at transplant-free overall survival for @entity1 diagnosed at our institution. The log-rank test was done to compare survival between @entity1 with and without prior access to primary care, and between @entity1 with and without insurance at diagnosis. RESULTS: Overall 5- and 10-year transplant-free overall survival was 91  % (95  % CI, 83-100  %) and 75  % (95  % CI, 50-99  %), respectively. @entity1 with primary care prior to diagnosis had significantly better transplant-free overall survival than those without (log rank test p   =   0.019). @entity1 with primary care also had better clinical markers at diagnosis. Having insurance at diagnosis was not associated with better outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes of @entity775 are poor in our setting but access to primary care prior to diagnosis was associated with better outcomes. This is likely due to the important role that primary care plays in detecting disease and initiating treatment earlier. With the expansion of access to healthcare that the Affordable Care Act provides, future @entity1 are likely to do better with even rare diseases like @entity775 .

title: Access to primary care is associated with better XXXX outcomes in an urban county hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity775 :: ('MESH:D019693', 'Disease') :: ['Autoimmune hepatitis', 'autoimmune hepatitis']

answer: @entity775 :: (MESH:D019693,Disease) :: ['autoimmune hepatitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the long-term outcome of @entity231 surgery with primary intraocular lens (IOL) in @entity1 <2 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of bilateral cases that were operated before 2 years age for congenital @entity231 . All underwent primary posterior capsulotomy with anterior vitrectomy and primary @entity2790 . Only those with a follow-up of at least 8 years were evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty-six eyes of 13 @entity1 with bilateral @entity231 met the inclusion criteria. Average age at surgery was 14.15 months with a mean follow-up of 102 months. Average preoperative @entity3656 ( @entity3656 ) was 19.93 mm. There was a refractive shift from a mean spherical equivalent of 1.64 D at 2 weeks after surgery to -1.42 D measured at last follow-up. Twenty-four eyes out of 26 (92%) achieved final visual acuity (VA) of 6/18 or more at last follow-up with 19/26 (73%) having acuity of 6/12 or greater. Raised intraocular pressure was documented in one eye only. Average @entity3656 recorded at last follow-up was 22.21 mm. CONCLUSION: Primary @entity2790 in @entity1 <2 years is a safe surgical procedure with excellent long-term results. The myopic shift is well-controlled and final VA achieved is reasonably good.

title: Long-term results after primary intraocular lens implantation in @entity1 operated less than 2 years of age for congenital XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['IOL implantation']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['AL', 'axial length']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the long-term outcome of @entity231 surgery with primary intraocular lens (IOL) in @entity1 <2 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of bilateral cases that were operated before 2 years age for congenital @entity231 . All underwent primary posterior capsulotomy with anterior vitrectomy and primary @entity2790 . Only those with a follow-up of at least 8 years were evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty-six eyes of 13 @entity1 with bilateral @entity231 met the inclusion criteria. Average age at surgery was 14.15 months with a mean follow-up of 102 months. Average preoperative @entity3656 ( @entity3656 ) was 19.93 mm. There was a refractive shift from a mean spherical equivalent of 1.64 D at 2 weeks after surgery to -1.42 D measured at last follow-up. Twenty-four eyes out of 26 (92%) achieved final visual acuity (VA) of 6/18 or more at last follow-up with 19/26 (73%) having acuity of 6/12 or greater. Raised intraocular pressure was documented in one eye only. Average @entity3656 recorded at last follow-up was 22.21 mm. CONCLUSION: Primary @entity2790 in @entity1 <2 years is a safe surgical procedure with excellent long-term results. The myopic shift is well-controlled and final VA achieved is reasonably good.

title: Long-term results after primary intraocular lens implantation in XXXX operated less than 2 years of age for congenital @entity231 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Aim of this prospective study was to investigate prognostic significance of increased bone marrow microcirculation as detected by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for survival and local complications in @entity1 with @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ). METHODS: We performed DCE-MRI of the lumbar spine in 131 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1582 and analysed data according to the @entity35621 model to acquire amplitude A and exchange rate constant k ep. In 61 @entity1 a second MRI performed after therapy was evaluated to assess changes in vertebral height and identify @entity174 . RESULTS: Correlation analysis revealed significant positive association between @entity2262 as well as immunoparesis with DCE-MRI parameters A and k ep. Additionally, A was negatively correlated with haemoglobin levels and k ep was positively correlated with LDH levels. Higher baseline k ep values were associated with decreased vertebral height in a second MRI (P   =   0.007) and A values were associated with new @entity174 in the lower lumbar spine (P   =   0.03 for L4). Pre-existing @entity79 or remission after therapy had no impact on the occurrence of @entity174 . Multivariate analysis revealed that amplitude A is an independent adverse risk factor for overall survival. CONCLUSION: DCE-MRI is a non-invasive tool with significance for @entity149 . KEY POINTS:     Qualitative parameters from DCE-MRI are correlated with established factors of disease activity     Increased marrow microcirculation might be a risk factor for @entity174     Amplitude A is an independent predictor for shortened overall survival.

title: Prognostic significance of increased bone marrow microcirculation in newly diagnosed XXXX : results of a prospective DCE-MRI study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral fractures', 'loss of vertebral height and fractures']

entities_list: @entity2262 :: ('567', 'Gene') :: ['beta2-microglobulin']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['systemic prognosis and vertebral complications']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['lytic bone lesions']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']