abstract: @entity20027 (MTs) are a rare group of @entity5 showing predominant or exclusive myoepithelial differentiation. They are poorly characterized from both a morphologic and genetic standpoint, in particular features that separate benign from malignant behavior. We examined the histologic and immunohistochemical features of 8 primary thoracic MTs and performed fluorescence in situ hybridization for @entity12726 , @entity19957 , @entity44810 , and @entity9625 , as well as several partner genes. Half (4/8) of the MTs occurred in large airways, and 3 had infiltrative borders. All cases showed immunoreactivity for epithelial markers, in conjunction with @entity2281 protein or myogenic markers. MTs showed morphologic characteristics analogous to MTs at other sites, with no @entity5 having ductal differentiation. @entity39 and/or lymphovascular invasion was present in 5 cases, with mitotic activity ranging from 0 to 6 mitoses/2 mm (mean 1). @entity3 occurred in 2 cases, and no @entity1 died of disease. Gene rearrangements were identified in half of the cases, with @entity12726 - @entity31250 , @entity12726 - @entity60597 , and @entity19957 - @entity15292 fusions identified in 1 case each and 1 case having @entity12726 rearrangement with no partner identified. No cases were found to have @entity9625 or @entity44810 abnormalities. Compared with fusion-negative @entity5 , fusion-positive @entity5 tended to occur in @entity1 who were younger (50 vs. 58 y), female (1:3 vs. 3:1 male:female ratio), and demonstrated predominantly spindle and clear cell morphology. Using a combined data set of our case series with 16 cases from the literature, poor prognosis was significantly correlated with @entity3 (P=0.003), @entity39 (P=0.027), and >= 5 mitoses/2 mm/10 high-power field (P=0.005). In summary, we identify a subset of thoracic MTs harboring rearrangements in @entity12726 or @entity19957 , and our data suggest that @entity39 and increased mitotic activity correlate with @entity146 clinical behavior.

title: XXXX : A Pathologic and Molecular Study of 8 Cases With Review of the Literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity20027 :: ('MESH:D009208', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic myoepithelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'Necrosis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'Metastases']

answer: @entity20027 :: (MESH:D009208,Disease) :: ['Thoracic Myoepithelial Tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity161 ( @entity161 ) and @entity162 ( @entity162 ) share many overlapping clinical features, confounding the current diagnostic systems. Recent studies suggest the posterior cingulate ( @entity11304 ) and medial prefrontal (MPFC) cortices that are involved in @entity161 and @entity162 pathophysiology. However, the roles of @entity11304 and MPFC in providing specific distinctive and shared neural substrates between these two disorders remain largely unknown. Examining the neurophysiologic mechanism of these diseases may help explain the clinical observations and differentiate the two disorders. METHODS: We used the Dynamic Casual Modeling (DCM), which is capable of eliciting hidden neuronal dynamics and reveal cross-regulation of multiple neuronal systems, to characterize the pattern of disrupted effective connectivity in the left @entity11304 -MPFC circuit during working memory tasks in 36 @entity161 and 20 @entity162 @entity1 as well as 29 healthy controls. RESULTS: Compared to the healthy controls, both @entity161 and @entity162 @entity1 groups exhibited significant negative effective connectivity from the left MPFC to @entity11304 . The negative effective connectivity was more remarkable in @entity161 @entity1 . Only @entity1 with @entity162 differed from healthy controls with positive effective connectivity from the left @entity11304 to MPFC. CONCLUSIONS: Whole brain analysis revealed deactivation of the left @entity11304 and MPFC across all @entity1 groups. This study provides new insight that changes in effective connectivity of the left MPFC to left @entity11304 circuit during working memory processing may be a core pathophysiological feature distinguishing @entity161 from @entity162 .

title: Effective connectivity of the posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices relates to working memory impairment in @entity161 and XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['BD', 'bipolar I disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'SZ', 'Schizophrenia']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity161 ( @entity161 ) and @entity162 ( @entity162 ) share many overlapping clinical features, confounding the current diagnostic systems. Recent studies suggest the posterior cingulate ( @entity11304 ) and medial prefrontal (MPFC) cortices that are involved in @entity161 and @entity162 pathophysiology. However, the roles of @entity11304 and MPFC in providing specific distinctive and shared neural substrates between these two disorders remain largely unknown. Examining the neurophysiologic mechanism of these diseases may help explain the clinical observations and differentiate the two disorders. METHODS: We used the Dynamic Casual Modeling (DCM), which is capable of eliciting hidden neuronal dynamics and reveal cross-regulation of multiple neuronal systems, to characterize the pattern of disrupted effective connectivity in the left @entity11304 -MPFC circuit during working memory tasks in 36 @entity161 and 20 @entity162 @entity1 as well as 29 healthy controls. RESULTS: Compared to the healthy controls, both @entity161 and @entity162 @entity1 groups exhibited significant negative effective connectivity from the left MPFC to @entity11304 . The negative effective connectivity was more remarkable in @entity161 @entity1 . Only @entity1 with @entity162 differed from healthy controls with positive effective connectivity from the left @entity11304 to MPFC. CONCLUSIONS: Whole brain analysis revealed deactivation of the left @entity11304 and MPFC across all @entity1 groups. This study provides new insight that changes in effective connectivity of the left MPFC to left @entity11304 circuit during working memory processing may be a core pathophysiological feature distinguishing @entity161 from @entity162 .

title: Effective connectivity of the posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices relates to working memory impairment in XXXX and @entity162 @entity1 .

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity161 ( @entity161 ) and @entity162 ( @entity162 ) share many overlapping clinical features, confounding the current diagnostic systems. Recent studies suggest the posterior cingulate ( @entity11304 ) and medial prefrontal (MPFC) cortices that are involved in @entity161 and @entity162 pathophysiology. However, the roles of @entity11304 and MPFC in providing specific distinctive and shared neural substrates between these two disorders remain largely unknown. Examining the neurophysiologic mechanism of these diseases may help explain the clinical observations and differentiate the two disorders. METHODS: We used the Dynamic Casual Modeling (DCM), which is capable of eliciting hidden neuronal dynamics and reveal cross-regulation of multiple neuronal systems, to characterize the pattern of disrupted effective connectivity in the left @entity11304 -MPFC circuit during working memory tasks in 36 @entity161 and 20 @entity162 @entity1 as well as 29 healthy controls. RESULTS: Compared to the healthy controls, both @entity161 and @entity162 @entity1 groups exhibited significant negative effective connectivity from the left MPFC to @entity11304 . The negative effective connectivity was more remarkable in @entity161 @entity1 . Only @entity1 with @entity162 differed from healthy controls with positive effective connectivity from the left @entity11304 to MPFC. CONCLUSIONS: Whole brain analysis revealed deactivation of the left @entity11304 and MPFC across all @entity1 groups. This study provides new insight that changes in effective connectivity of the left MPFC to left @entity11304 circuit during working memory processing may be a core pathophysiological feature distinguishing @entity161 from @entity162 .

title: Effective connectivity of the posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices relates to working memory impairment in @entity161 and @entity162 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity73 ( @entity73 ) and @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) are prevalent in the elderly and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The main objectives of this study were to examine the relative impact and joint association of @entity73 and @entity1002 with @entity712 , @entity65 and all-cause mortality, and their impact on risk classification using a continuous net reclassification index. METHODS AND RESULTS: We followed 2342 adults without prevalent @entity65 (mean age, 76 years) from the @entity65 for a median of 12.6 years. @entity1002 was defined as LV ejection fraction <55%. @entity73 was defined as: forced expiratory volume in 1 second:forced vital capacity <70%, and predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second <80%. Outcomes included @entity712 hospitalization, @entity65 , all-cause mortality, and composite outcome. @entity1002 was detected in 128 subjects (6%), @entity73 in 441 (19%) and both in 38 (2%). Compared to those without @entity1002 or @entity73 , there was a significantly increased cardiovascular risk for groups of @entity1002 only, @entity73 only, and @entity1002 plus @entity73 , adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) 2.1 (1.5-3.0), 1.7 (1.4-2.1), and 3.2 (2.0-5.1) for HF; 1.8 (1.2-2.6), 1.4 (1.1-1.8), and 2.8 (1.7-4.7) for @entity65 ; 1.3 (1.0-1.8), 1.7 (1.4-1.9), and 2.1 (1.5-3.0) for all-cause mortality, and 1.6 (1.3-2.1), 1.7 (1.5-1.9), and 2.4 (1.7-3.3) for composite outcome, respectively. Risk classification improved significantly for all outcomes when @entity73 was added to the adjusted model with @entity1002 or @entity1002 to @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS: While risk of cardiovascular outcomes was the highest among elderly with both @entity1002 and @entity73 , risk was comparable between subjects with @entity73 alone and those with @entity1002 alone. This observation, combined with improved risk classification by adding @entity73 to @entity1002 or @entity1002 to @entity73 , underscore the importance of comprehensive heart and lung evaluation in cardiovascular outcome assessment.

title: Cardiovascular and Mortality Outcomes in the Elderly With Impaired Cardiac and Pulmonary Function: The XXXX ( @entity65 ).

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['IPF', 'Impaired pulmonary function']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality', 'cardiovascular disease', 'Cardiovascular Health Study']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVSD', 'left ventricular systolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular Health Study']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity73 ( @entity73 ) and @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) are prevalent in the elderly and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The main objectives of this study were to examine the relative impact and joint association of @entity73 and @entity1002 with @entity712 , @entity65 and all-cause mortality, and their impact on risk classification using a continuous net reclassification index. METHODS AND RESULTS: We followed 2342 adults without prevalent @entity65 (mean age, 76 years) from the @entity65 for a median of 12.6 years. @entity1002 was defined as LV ejection fraction <55%. @entity73 was defined as: forced expiratory volume in 1 second:forced vital capacity <70%, and predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second <80%. Outcomes included @entity712 hospitalization, @entity65 , all-cause mortality, and composite outcome. @entity1002 was detected in 128 subjects (6%), @entity73 in 441 (19%) and both in 38 (2%). Compared to those without @entity1002 or @entity73 , there was a significantly increased cardiovascular risk for groups of @entity1002 only, @entity73 only, and @entity1002 plus @entity73 , adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) 2.1 (1.5-3.0), 1.7 (1.4-2.1), and 3.2 (2.0-5.1) for HF; 1.8 (1.2-2.6), 1.4 (1.1-1.8), and 2.8 (1.7-4.7) for @entity65 ; 1.3 (1.0-1.8), 1.7 (1.4-1.9), and 2.1 (1.5-3.0) for all-cause mortality, and 1.6 (1.3-2.1), 1.7 (1.5-1.9), and 2.4 (1.7-3.3) for composite outcome, respectively. Risk classification improved significantly for all outcomes when @entity73 was added to the adjusted model with @entity1002 or @entity1002 to @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS: While risk of cardiovascular outcomes was the highest among elderly with both @entity1002 and @entity73 , risk was comparable between subjects with @entity73 alone and those with @entity1002 alone. This observation, combined with improved risk classification by adding @entity73 to @entity1002 or @entity1002 to @entity73 , underscore the importance of comprehensive heart and lung evaluation in cardiovascular outcome assessment.

title: Cardiovascular and Mortality Outcomes in the Elderly With Impaired Cardiac and Pulmonary Function: The @entity65 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['CHS']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Interleukin (IL)-17 expression has been detected in @entity2520 , but its role in the disease process remains unclear. The present study compared the expression of @entity4155 in @entity45 and @entity738 and evaluated the association of this cytokine with clinical and radiographic findings. METHODS: @entity2520 (18 cysts and 20 @entity738 ) were obtained from 38 @entity1 subjected to periradicular surgery. Some clinical, radiographic, and cone-beam computed tomographic features were recorded. Silanized slides containing paraffin sections were used for the immunohistochemical reactions using anti- @entity4155 antibody. Image analysis was performed using an optical microscope, and each sample was divided into 5 high-power fields, which were evaluated for the expression of @entity4155 in the epithelium and connective tissues. Results were evaluated for correlations with the lesion size and the occurrence of symptoms and sinus tract. RESULTS: Expression of @entity4155 was significantly higher in cysts than in @entity738 (P = .02). Among the @entity45 , a thin epithelium showed significantly increased labeling for @entity4155 when compared with a hyperplastic epithelium (P = .003). @entity4155 expression was usually associated with focal accumulations of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. No association of @entity4155 expression with symptoms, sinus tract, or lesion size was observed (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: The present study reinforces the notion that @entity4155 may take part in the pathogenesis of @entity2520 . A role in the exacerbation of @entity32 and cyst formation is suspected. Further studies are required to shed light on the specific functions of @entity4155 in periradicular inflammatory processes.

title: Immunoexpression of interleukin 17 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['Apical periodontitis lesions', 'apical periodontitis lesions']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['periradicular cysts']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['apical periodontitis lesions']


abstract: @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ), the accumulation of lipid within hepatocytes, is increasing in prevalence. Increasing @entity948 consumption correlates with this increased prevalence, and rodent studies directly support @entity948 leading to @entity1561 . The mechanisms of @entity1561 and in particular @entity948 -induced lipid accumulation remain unclear, although there is evidence for a role for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. We have evidence that @entity1561 models demonstrate activation of the target of @entity3446 complex 1 ( @entity7093 ) pathway. We set out to assess the contribution of ER stress, oxidative stress, and @entity7093 up-regulation in the development of @entity1560 in @entity948 -treated larval @entity3392 . @entity3392 were treated with @entity948 or @entity413 as a calorie-matched control. We also treated larvae with @entity3446 , @entity2425 (ER stress), or @entity9942 (oxidative stress). Fish were stained with oil red O to assess @entity409 , and we also performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)and western blot analysis. We performed immunostaining on samples from @entity1 with @entity1561 and @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ). Treatment with @entity948 induced @entity409 , @entity2383 , and ER defects. In addition, @entity948 -treated fish showed activation of inflammatory and lipogenic genes. Treatment with @entity2425 or @entity9942 also induced @entity409 . Expression microarray studies of @entity3392 @entity1561 models showed an elevation of genes downstream of @entity7093 signaling. @entity3446 treatment of @entity948 -treated fish prevented development of @entity1560 , as did treatment of @entity2425 - or @entity9942 -treated fish. Examination of liver samples from @entity1 with @entity1560 demonstrated activation of @entity7093 signaling. CONCLUSION: @entity948 treatment of larval @entity3392 induces @entity409 , @entity32 , and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that @entity7093 activation is required for @entity409 across models of @entity1561 , and in @entity1 . (Hepatology 2014;60:1581-1592).

title: @entity948 leads to XXXX in @entity3392 that is reversed by mechanistic target of @entity3446 (mTOR) inhibition.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic steatosis', 'steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose', 'Fructose']

entities_list: @entity2425 :: ('MESH:D014415', 'Chemical') :: ['tunicamycin']

entities_list: @entity9942 :: ('MESH:D014634', 'Chemical') :: ['valinomycin']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic lipid accumulation']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['Rapamycin', 'rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'NASH', 'Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease', 'nonalcoholic steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity3392 :: ('7955', 'Species') :: ['Zebrafish', 'zebrafish']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial abnormalities']

answer: @entity1560 :: (MESH:D005234,Disease) :: ['hepatic steatosis']


abstract: @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ), the accumulation of lipid within hepatocytes, is increasing in prevalence. Increasing @entity948 consumption correlates with this increased prevalence, and rodent studies directly support @entity948 leading to @entity1561 . The mechanisms of @entity1561 and in particular @entity948 -induced lipid accumulation remain unclear, although there is evidence for a role for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. We have evidence that @entity1561 models demonstrate activation of the target of @entity3446 complex 1 ( @entity7093 ) pathway. We set out to assess the contribution of ER stress, oxidative stress, and @entity7093 up-regulation in the development of @entity1560 in @entity948 -treated larval @entity3392 . @entity3392 were treated with @entity948 or @entity413 as a calorie-matched control. We also treated larvae with @entity3446 , @entity2425 (ER stress), or @entity9942 (oxidative stress). Fish were stained with oil red O to assess @entity409 , and we also performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)and western blot analysis. We performed immunostaining on samples from @entity1 with @entity1561 and @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ). Treatment with @entity948 induced @entity409 , @entity2383 , and ER defects. In addition, @entity948 -treated fish showed activation of inflammatory and lipogenic genes. Treatment with @entity2425 or @entity9942 also induced @entity409 . Expression microarray studies of @entity3392 @entity1561 models showed an elevation of genes downstream of @entity7093 signaling. @entity3446 treatment of @entity948 -treated fish prevented development of @entity1560 , as did treatment of @entity2425 - or @entity9942 -treated fish. Examination of liver samples from @entity1 with @entity1560 demonstrated activation of @entity7093 signaling. CONCLUSION: @entity948 treatment of larval @entity3392 induces @entity409 , @entity32 , and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that @entity7093 activation is required for @entity409 across models of @entity1561 , and in @entity1 . (Hepatology 2014;60:1581-1592).

title: @entity948 leads to @entity1560 in XXXX that is reversed by mechanistic target of @entity3446 (mTOR) inhibition.

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']


abstract: @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ), the accumulation of lipid within hepatocytes, is increasing in prevalence. Increasing @entity948 consumption correlates with this increased prevalence, and rodent studies directly support @entity948 leading to @entity1561 . The mechanisms of @entity1561 and in particular @entity948 -induced lipid accumulation remain unclear, although there is evidence for a role for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. We have evidence that @entity1561 models demonstrate activation of the target of @entity3446 complex 1 ( @entity7093 ) pathway. We set out to assess the contribution of ER stress, oxidative stress, and @entity7093 up-regulation in the development of @entity1560 in @entity948 -treated larval @entity3392 . @entity3392 were treated with @entity948 or @entity413 as a calorie-matched control. We also treated larvae with @entity3446 , @entity2425 (ER stress), or @entity9942 (oxidative stress). Fish were stained with oil red O to assess @entity409 , and we also performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)and western blot analysis. We performed immunostaining on samples from @entity1 with @entity1561 and @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ). Treatment with @entity948 induced @entity409 , @entity2383 , and ER defects. In addition, @entity948 -treated fish showed activation of inflammatory and lipogenic genes. Treatment with @entity2425 or @entity9942 also induced @entity409 . Expression microarray studies of @entity3392 @entity1561 models showed an elevation of genes downstream of @entity7093 signaling. @entity3446 treatment of @entity948 -treated fish prevented development of @entity1560 , as did treatment of @entity2425 - or @entity9942 -treated fish. Examination of liver samples from @entity1 with @entity1560 demonstrated activation of @entity7093 signaling. CONCLUSION: @entity948 treatment of larval @entity3392 induces @entity409 , @entity32 , and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that @entity7093 activation is required for @entity409 across models of @entity1561 , and in @entity1 . (Hepatology 2014;60:1581-1592).

title: @entity948 leads to @entity1560 in @entity3392 that is reversed by mechanistic target of XXXX (mTOR) inhibition.

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['rapamycin']


abstract: @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ), the accumulation of lipid within hepatocytes, is increasing in prevalence. Increasing @entity948 consumption correlates with this increased prevalence, and rodent studies directly support @entity948 leading to @entity1561 . The mechanisms of @entity1561 and in particular @entity948 -induced lipid accumulation remain unclear, although there is evidence for a role for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. We have evidence that @entity1561 models demonstrate activation of the target of @entity3446 complex 1 ( @entity7093 ) pathway. We set out to assess the contribution of ER stress, oxidative stress, and @entity7093 up-regulation in the development of @entity1560 in @entity948 -treated larval @entity3392 . @entity3392 were treated with @entity948 or @entity413 as a calorie-matched control. We also treated larvae with @entity3446 , @entity2425 (ER stress), or @entity9942 (oxidative stress). Fish were stained with oil red O to assess @entity409 , and we also performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)and western blot analysis. We performed immunostaining on samples from @entity1 with @entity1561 and @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ). Treatment with @entity948 induced @entity409 , @entity2383 , and ER defects. In addition, @entity948 -treated fish showed activation of inflammatory and lipogenic genes. Treatment with @entity2425 or @entity9942 also induced @entity409 . Expression microarray studies of @entity3392 @entity1561 models showed an elevation of genes downstream of @entity7093 signaling. @entity3446 treatment of @entity948 -treated fish prevented development of @entity1560 , as did treatment of @entity2425 - or @entity9942 -treated fish. Examination of liver samples from @entity1 with @entity1560 demonstrated activation of @entity7093 signaling. CONCLUSION: @entity948 treatment of larval @entity3392 induces @entity409 , @entity32 , and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that @entity7093 activation is required for @entity409 across models of @entity1561 , and in @entity1 . (Hepatology 2014;60:1581-1592).

title: XXXX leads to @entity1560 in @entity3392 that is reversed by mechanistic target of @entity3446 (mTOR) inhibition.

answer: @entity948 :: (MESH:D005632,Chemical) :: ['Fructose']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The receptor for advanced glycation end products ( @entity4283 ) is recognized to be responsible for @entity5 progression in several @entity1 @entity5 . In this study, we investigated the clinical impact of @entity4283 expression in @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) after hepatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-five consecutive @entity1 who underwent initial hepatectomy for @entity157 were investigated. The relationships between immunohistochemical expression of @entity4283 and clinicopathologic features, clinical outcome ( @entity1349 [ @entity1349 ], and @entity66 [ @entity66 ]) were evaluated. RESULTS: The cytoplasmic expression of @entity4283 in @entity157 cells was observed in 46 @entity1 (70.8%) and correlated with histologic grade (poorly differentiated versus moderately differentiated @entity157 , P  =  0.021). Five-year @entity1349 in @entity4283 -positive and @entity4283 -negative groups were 72% and 94%, respectively, whereas 5-y @entity66 were 29% and 55%, respectively. There were significant differences between @entity1349 and @entity66 (P  =  0.018 and 0.031, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that @entity4283 was an independent predictor for both @entity1349 and @entity66 (P  =  0.048 and 0.032, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest for the first time a positive correlation between @entity4283 expression and poor therapeutic outcome. Furthermore, @entity4283 downregulation may provide a novel therapeutic target for @entity157 .

title: Prognostic significance of receptor for advanced glycation end products expression in XXXX after hepatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DFS', 'disease-free survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS:: Several studies have demonstrated that @entity1 with essential @entity400 ( @entity18721 ) may also have @entity73 ( @entity73 ), and cross-sectional and population-based studies have shown that @entity18721 is associated with prevalent @entity303 . Different presentations of MCI are suggested to be associated with different pathologies. For example, @entity2730 may be associated with @entity195 . Therefore, in this study, we explored whether the MCI subtype in @entity1 with @entity18721 (MCI- @entity18721 +) is different from the MCI subtype in @entity1 without @entity18721 attending a memory outpatient clinic (MCI- @entity18721 -). METHODS:: Using a case-control study design, cognitive status in MCI @entity1 with @entity18721 and without @entity18721 was assessed by neuropsychological testing. @entity1 with MCI were stratified into groups: amnestic and nonamnestic MCI, or single-domain and multidomain MCI. RESULTS:: Of the 93 @entity1 in the @entity18721 + group and the 169 in the @entity18721 - group, 45 (48.4%) and 94 (55.6%) @entity1 had MCI, respectively. The frequency of MCI subtypes between the 2 groups was different, such that 25 (55.6%) @entity1 had nonamnestic MCI in the @entity18721 + group and 68 (72.3%) @entity1 had @entity2730 in @entity18721 - group (  =10.195, P=0.001). Compared with the MCI- @entity18721 + group, @entity1 in the MCI- @entity18721 - group showed more severe @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS:: @entity18721 is associated with MCI, particularly the nonamnestic subtype. These results suggest that @entity73 in @entity1 with @entity18721 may have a different pathogenesis from that of @entity195 .

title: Subtype of Mild @entity73 in Elderly @entity1 With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive change', 'mild cognitive impairments', 'impairments in verbal and visuospatial memory functions', 'MCIs']

entities_list: @entity2730 :: ('MESH:D000647', 'Disease') :: ['amnestic MCI']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer disease']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['Essential Tremor']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS:: Several studies have demonstrated that @entity1 with essential @entity400 ( @entity18721 ) may also have @entity73 ( @entity73 ), and cross-sectional and population-based studies have shown that @entity18721 is associated with prevalent @entity303 . Different presentations of MCI are suggested to be associated with different pathologies. For example, @entity2730 may be associated with @entity195 . Therefore, in this study, we explored whether the MCI subtype in @entity1 with @entity18721 (MCI- @entity18721 +) is different from the MCI subtype in @entity1 without @entity18721 attending a memory outpatient clinic (MCI- @entity18721 -). METHODS:: Using a case-control study design, cognitive status in MCI @entity1 with @entity18721 and without @entity18721 was assessed by neuropsychological testing. @entity1 with MCI were stratified into groups: amnestic and nonamnestic MCI, or single-domain and multidomain MCI. RESULTS:: Of the 93 @entity1 in the @entity18721 + group and the 169 in the @entity18721 - group, 45 (48.4%) and 94 (55.6%) @entity1 had MCI, respectively. The frequency of MCI subtypes between the 2 groups was different, such that 25 (55.6%) @entity1 had nonamnestic MCI in the @entity18721 + group and 68 (72.3%) @entity1 had @entity2730 in @entity18721 - group (  =10.195, P=0.001). Compared with the MCI- @entity18721 + group, @entity1 in the MCI- @entity18721 - group showed more severe @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS:: @entity18721 is associated with MCI, particularly the nonamnestic subtype. These results suggest that @entity73 in @entity1 with @entity18721 may have a different pathogenesis from that of @entity195 .

title: Subtype of Mild XXXX in Elderly @entity1 With @entity400 .

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Cognitive Impairment']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS:: Several studies have demonstrated that @entity1 with essential @entity400 ( @entity18721 ) may also have @entity73 ( @entity73 ), and cross-sectional and population-based studies have shown that @entity18721 is associated with prevalent @entity303 . Different presentations of MCI are suggested to be associated with different pathologies. For example, @entity2730 may be associated with @entity195 . Therefore, in this study, we explored whether the MCI subtype in @entity1 with @entity18721 (MCI- @entity18721 +) is different from the MCI subtype in @entity1 without @entity18721 attending a memory outpatient clinic (MCI- @entity18721 -). METHODS:: Using a case-control study design, cognitive status in MCI @entity1 with @entity18721 and without @entity18721 was assessed by neuropsychological testing. @entity1 with MCI were stratified into groups: amnestic and nonamnestic MCI, or single-domain and multidomain MCI. RESULTS:: Of the 93 @entity1 in the @entity18721 + group and the 169 in the @entity18721 - group, 45 (48.4%) and 94 (55.6%) @entity1 had MCI, respectively. The frequency of MCI subtypes between the 2 groups was different, such that 25 (55.6%) @entity1 had nonamnestic MCI in the @entity18721 + group and 68 (72.3%) @entity1 had @entity2730 in @entity18721 - group (  =10.195, P=0.001). Compared with the MCI- @entity18721 + group, @entity1 in the MCI- @entity18721 - group showed more severe @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS:: @entity18721 is associated with MCI, particularly the nonamnestic subtype. These results suggest that @entity73 in @entity1 with @entity18721 may have a different pathogenesis from that of @entity195 .

title: Subtype of Mild @entity73 in Elderly XXXX With @entity400 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1124 , which represents 90% of @entity788 , is one of the most lethal and aggressive @entity5 . Operative resection remains the only treatment providing prolonged survival, however, recurrence of @entity1124 occurs in up to 80% of @entity1 with @entity788 within 2  years of a potential curative resection. There are few reports of @entity3123 recurrence (primary second @entity5 ) in the remnant pancreas after pancreatectomy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old @entity1 underwent a distal pancreatectomy for @entity788 in September 2004. Adjuvant chemotherapy was started after surgery and continued for 4  years. In March 2012, marked elevation of DUPAN-II was observed, followed by an irregular stenotic finding in the main duct. We performed an en bloc resection of the remnant pancreas in July 2012. Histologically, the @entity5 contained a second primary @entity3123 with @entity1600 . At follow-up 20  months after the second operation, the @entity1 was alive without recurrence. Fourteen cases of resectable @entity5 developing in the remnant pancreas after a pancreatectomy for @entity5 have been reported; a minority of these was identified as second @entity5 . Therefore, our @entity1 's primary second @entity5 is a rare event. CONCLUSION: The @entity1 is considered to have shown a rare, unique @entity788 recurrence. Persistent elevation of a @entity5 marker and extensive imaging led to proper diagnosis and treatment.

title: Resectable carcinoma developing in the remnant pancreas 7  years and 10  months after distal pancreatectomy for XXXX : report of a case.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

answer: @entity1124 :: (MESH:D021441,Disease) :: ['invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate whether the prophylactic use of bevacizumab reduces the rate of rubeosis after proton therapy for @entity2184 and improves the possibility to treat @entity63 , reapplicated retina with laser photocoagulation. DESIGN: Comparative retrospective case series. METHODS: @entity2184 @entity1 with @entity1713 and treated with proton therapy were included in this institutional study. Twenty-four eyes received prophylactic intravitreal bevacizumab injections and were compared with a control group of 44 eyes without bevacizumab treatment. Bevacizumab injections were performed at the time of @entity11608 clip insertion and were repeated every 2 months during 6 months, and every 3 months thereafter. Ultra-widefield angiography allowed determination of the extent of @entity2479 , which was treated with laser photocoagulation after retinal reapplication. Main outcome measures were the time to rubeosis, the time to retinal reattachment, and the time to laser photocoagulation of @entity63 retina. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were balanced between the groups, except for thicker @entity5 and larger @entity1713 in the bevacizumab group, potentially to the disadvantage of the study group. Nevertheless, bevacizumab prophylaxis significantly reduced the rate of iris rubeosis from 36% to 4% (log-rank test P = .02) and tended to shorten the time to retinal reapplication until laser photocoagulation of the nonperfusion areas could be performed. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic intravitreal bevacizumab in @entity1 treated with proton therapy for @entity2184 with @entity1713 prevented @entity1347 , until laser photocoagulation to the reapplied retina could be performed.

title: Prophylactic use of bevacizumab to avoid XXXX following proton therapy for @entity2184 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic retinal detachment', 'retinal detachments']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['anterior segment neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity2184 :: ('MESH:C536494', 'Disease') :: ['Uveal melanoma', 'uveal melanoma']

answer: @entity1347 :: (MESH:C537775,Disease) :: ['anterior segment neovascularization']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate whether the prophylactic use of bevacizumab reduces the rate of rubeosis after proton therapy for @entity2184 and improves the possibility to treat @entity63 , reapplicated retina with laser photocoagulation. DESIGN: Comparative retrospective case series. METHODS: @entity2184 @entity1 with @entity1713 and treated with proton therapy were included in this institutional study. Twenty-four eyes received prophylactic intravitreal bevacizumab injections and were compared with a control group of 44 eyes without bevacizumab treatment. Bevacizumab injections were performed at the time of @entity11608 clip insertion and were repeated every 2 months during 6 months, and every 3 months thereafter. Ultra-widefield angiography allowed determination of the extent of @entity2479 , which was treated with laser photocoagulation after retinal reapplication. Main outcome measures were the time to rubeosis, the time to retinal reattachment, and the time to laser photocoagulation of @entity63 retina. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were balanced between the groups, except for thicker @entity5 and larger @entity1713 in the bevacizumab group, potentially to the disadvantage of the study group. Nevertheless, bevacizumab prophylaxis significantly reduced the rate of iris rubeosis from 36% to 4% (log-rank test P = .02) and tended to shorten the time to retinal reapplication until laser photocoagulation of the nonperfusion areas could be performed. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic intravitreal bevacizumab in @entity1 treated with proton therapy for @entity2184 with @entity1713 prevented @entity1347 , until laser photocoagulation to the reapplied retina could be performed.

title: Prophylactic use of bevacizumab to avoid @entity1347 following proton therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity2184 :: (MESH:C536494,Disease) :: ['uveal melanoma']


abstract: Lipid and lipid metabolite profiling are important parameters in understanding the pathogenesis of many diseases. Alkynylated @entity1474 are potentially useful probes for tracking the fate of @entity844 metabolites. The nonenzymatic and enzymatic oxidations of   -alkynyl linoleic acid and   -alkynyl arachidonic acid were compared to that of linoleic and @entity1426 . There was no detectable difference in the primary products of nonenzymatic oxidation, which comprised cis,trans-hydroxy fatty acids. Similar hydroxy fatty acid products were formed when   -alkynyl linoleic acid and   -alkynyl arachidonic acid were reacted with lipoxygenase enzymes that introduce @entity26 at different positions in the @entity505 chains. The rates of oxidation of   -alkynylated fatty acids were reduced compared to those of the natural @entity1718 . @entity9647 did not oxidize alkynyl linoleic but efficiently oxidized alkynyl arachidonic acid. The products were identified as alkynyl 11-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid, alkynyl 11-hydroxy-8,9-epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid, and alkynyl prostaglandins. This deviation from the metabolic profile of @entity1426 may limit the utility of alkynyl arachidonic acid in the tracking of cyclooxygenase-based lipid oxidation. The formation of alkynyl 11-hydroxy-8,9-epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid compared to alkynyl prostaglandins suggests that the   - @entity70776 group causes a conformational change in the @entity844 bound to the enzyme, which reduces the efficiency of cyclization of dioxalanyl intermediates to endoperoxide intermediates. Overall,   -alkynyl linoleic acid and   -alkynyl arachidonic acid appear to be metabolically competent surrogates for tracking the fate of @entity1474 when looking at models involving autoxidation and oxidation by lipoxygenases.

title: -Alkynyl lipid surrogates for po XXXX free radical and enzymatic oxidations.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity1474 :: (MESH:D005231,Chemical) :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']


abstract: The hypothesis that twinning raises risk for @entity146 in childhood is persistent, yet there is limited and inconsistent empirical evidence. Simple mean comparison without control for confounders provides data on prevalence rates but cannot provide knowledge about risk or etiology. To assess the effect of twin relationship on behavior, comparison of patterns of association with single-born siblings may be informative. Analyses of data from an Australian sample of twins and single-born @entity1 (N = 305, mean age 4 years 9 months, and a follow-up 12 months later) were undertaken. The outcome measure was the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Predictor and control measures were obtained from parent report on the sibling/co-twin relationship behavior, family demographics, and obstetric history. We assessed difference between twins and single-born @entity1 in two respects: (a) mean @entity146 , and (b) patterns of association between sibling relationship and @entity146 , controlling for confounders. Results showed no differences in mean levels of @entity146 between twins and single-born siblings identifying the importance of statistical control for family and obstetric adversity. Differences in patterns of association were found; for twin @entity1 , conflict in their co-twin relationship predicted externalizing behaviors, while for single-born @entity1 conflict predicted internalizing behaviors. The findings of mean differences between twin and single-born @entity1 in social background, but not in @entity146 , underscore the necessity of statistical control to identify risk associated with twinning compared with risk associated with family and obstetric background factors.

title: Do twins differ from single-born XXXX on rates of behavioral difficulty in early childhood? A study of sibling relationship risk factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral difficulties']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: Assess the relationship between @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) measured on bedside portable computed tomography (CT) scans and simultaneously measured @entity428 ( @entity428 ) in @entity1 with severe @entity131 . METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 57 @entity1 admitted between 2009 and 2013. Linear and logistic regression were used to model the correlation and discrimination between @entity1781 and @entity428 or @entity428 , respectively. RESULTS: The cohort had a mean age of 40 years (SD 16) and a median admission Glasgow @entity772 score of 7 (IQR 4-10). The between-rater agreement by intraclass coefficient was 0.89 (95 % CI 0.83-0.93, P < 0.001). The mean @entity1781 was 6.7 mm (SD 0.75) and the mean @entity428 during CT was 21.3 mmHg (SD 8.4). Using linear regression, there was a strong correlation between @entity428 and @entity1781 (r = 0.74, P < 0.001). @entity1781 had an area under the curve to discriminate @entity428 (>= 20 mmHg vs. <20 mmHg) of 0.83 (95 % CI 0.73-0.94). Using a cutoff of 6.0 mm, @entity1781 had a sensitivity of 97 %, specificity of 42 %, positive predictive value of 67 %, and a negative predictive value of 92 %. Comparing linear regression models, @entity1781 was a much stronger predictor of @entity428 (R(2) of 0.56) compared to other CT features (R(2) of 0.21). CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous measurement of @entity1781 on CT and @entity428 were strongly correlated and @entity1781 was discriminative for @entity428 . @entity1781 was much more predictive of @entity428 than other CT features. There was excellent agreement between raters in measuring @entity1781 .

title: Optic nerve sheath diameter on computed tomography is correlated with simultaneously measured @entity428 in @entity1 with severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial hypertension', 'intracranial pressure', 'elevated ICP']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['ONSD', 'optic nerve sheath diameter']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: Assess the relationship between @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) measured on bedside portable computed tomography (CT) scans and simultaneously measured @entity428 ( @entity428 ) in @entity1 with severe @entity131 . METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 57 @entity1 admitted between 2009 and 2013. Linear and logistic regression were used to model the correlation and discrimination between @entity1781 and @entity428 or @entity428 , respectively. RESULTS: The cohort had a mean age of 40 years (SD 16) and a median admission Glasgow @entity772 score of 7 (IQR 4-10). The between-rater agreement by intraclass coefficient was 0.89 (95 % CI 0.83-0.93, P < 0.001). The mean @entity1781 was 6.7 mm (SD 0.75) and the mean @entity428 during CT was 21.3 mmHg (SD 8.4). Using linear regression, there was a strong correlation between @entity428 and @entity1781 (r = 0.74, P < 0.001). @entity1781 had an area under the curve to discriminate @entity428 (>= 20 mmHg vs. <20 mmHg) of 0.83 (95 % CI 0.73-0.94). Using a cutoff of 6.0 mm, @entity1781 had a sensitivity of 97 %, specificity of 42 %, positive predictive value of 67 %, and a negative predictive value of 92 %. Comparing linear regression models, @entity1781 was a much stronger predictor of @entity428 (R(2) of 0.56) compared to other CT features (R(2) of 0.21). CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous measurement of @entity1781 on CT and @entity428 were strongly correlated and @entity1781 was discriminative for @entity428 . @entity1781 was much more predictive of @entity428 than other CT features. There was excellent agreement between raters in measuring @entity1781 .

title: Optic nerve sheath diameter on computed tomography is correlated with simultaneously measured XXXX in @entity1 with severe @entity131 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity428 :: (MESH:D019586,Disease) :: ['intracranial pressure']


abstract: PURPOSE: Assess the relationship between @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) measured on bedside portable computed tomography (CT) scans and simultaneously measured @entity428 ( @entity428 ) in @entity1 with severe @entity131 . METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 57 @entity1 admitted between 2009 and 2013. Linear and logistic regression were used to model the correlation and discrimination between @entity1781 and @entity428 or @entity428 , respectively. RESULTS: The cohort had a mean age of 40 years (SD 16) and a median admission Glasgow @entity772 score of 7 (IQR 4-10). The between-rater agreement by intraclass coefficient was 0.89 (95 % CI 0.83-0.93, P < 0.001). The mean @entity1781 was 6.7 mm (SD 0.75) and the mean @entity428 during CT was 21.3 mmHg (SD 8.4). Using linear regression, there was a strong correlation between @entity428 and @entity1781 (r = 0.74, P < 0.001). @entity1781 had an area under the curve to discriminate @entity428 (>= 20 mmHg vs. <20 mmHg) of 0.83 (95 % CI 0.73-0.94). Using a cutoff of 6.0 mm, @entity1781 had a sensitivity of 97 %, specificity of 42 %, positive predictive value of 67 %, and a negative predictive value of 92 %. Comparing linear regression models, @entity1781 was a much stronger predictor of @entity428 (R(2) of 0.56) compared to other CT features (R(2) of 0.21). CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous measurement of @entity1781 on CT and @entity428 were strongly correlated and @entity1781 was discriminative for @entity428 . @entity1781 was much more predictive of @entity428 than other CT features. There was excellent agreement between raters in measuring @entity1781 .

title: Optic nerve sheath diameter on computed tomography is correlated with simultaneously measured @entity428 in XXXX with severe @entity131 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: @entity1 - and procedure-related factors are known to be associated with @entity337 after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Nevertheless, this entity may also be caused by a specific device-host interaction due to the biomechanical properties of the valves, independently of clinical factors. We sought to elucidate the role of frame geometry in the occurrence of @entity337 after Medtronic CoreValve(  ) and Edwards SAPIEN(  ) valve implantation. METHODS: We conducted an observational study encompassing 134 @entity1 undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the Medtronic CoreValve(  ) and Edwards SAPIEN(  ) valve. Frame analysis was performed at 3 predefined levels of both valves by rotational angiography using dedicated motion compensation software. A distinction was made between @entity1 with no-to-mild and moderate-to-severe @entity337 by echocardiography. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 valves. Despite greater use of predilation in the CoreValve(  ) (95.2% vs 82.0%; P=.012), more oversizing (perimeter, 114  7% vs 103  7%; P<.001), and the same depth of implantation (noncoronary sinus, 7  4 vs 8  2mm; left coronary sinus, 8  4 vs 8  2mm), it was less expanded and more eccentric than the Edwards SAPIEN(  ) (83  7% vs 92  4%; P<.001 and 82  8% vs 95  3%; P<.001, respectively) and when eccentricity was adjusted for the @entity1 's annulus eccentricity (4  13% vs 21  11%; P<.001). Eccentricity and adjusted eccentricity were associated with moderate-to-severe @entity337 . CONCLUSIONS: Independently of @entity1 - and procedure-related factors, there is a device-specific device-host interaction that explains @entity337 after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

title: Differences in Frame Geometry Between Balloon-expandable and Self-expanding Transcatheter Heart Valves and Association With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic regurgitation']

answer: @entity337 :: (MESH:D001022,Disease) :: ['Aortic Regurgitation']


abstract: AIMS: To establish if the microbiology and the TEXAS, PEDIS and Wagner wound classifications of the @entity6 ( @entity6 ) predict amputation. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of 250 @entity1 with @entity6 from 2009 to 2013. Tissue samples for culture were obtained and wound classification scores were recorded at admission. RESULTS: Infection was monomicrobial in 131 @entity1 (52%). @entity794 was the most frequent pathogen (76 @entity1 , 30%); being @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 in 26% (20/76) @entity526 and Enterobacter faecalis were 2nd and 3rd most frequent pathogens. Two hundred nine @entity1 (85%) needed amputation being major in 25 @entity1 (10%). The three wound scales associated minor amputation but did not predict this outcome. Predictors of minor amputation in the multivariate analysis were the presence of @entity4034 , the location of the wound in the forefoot and of major amputation elevated @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) levels. A low ankle-brachial index (ABI) predicted major amputation in the follow-up. Overall, 74% of gram-positives were sensitive to @entity5176 and 98% to @entity2176 and 90% of gram-negatives to @entity3524 and 95% to carbapenems. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of @entity4034 and the location of the wound in the forefoot predict minor amputation and elevated @entity1851 levels predict major amputation. In the follow-up a low ABI predicts major amputation.

title: Influence of wound scores and microbiology on the outcome of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot syndrome', 'DFS']

entities_list: @entity5176 :: ('MESH:D015363', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolones']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C reactive proteine', 'CRP']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic foot syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although statin therapy has been linked to fewer short-term complications after infrainguinal bypass, its effect on long-term survival remains unclear. We therefore examined associations between statin use and long-term mortality, graft occlusion, and amputation after infrainguinal bypass. METHODS: We used the Vascular Study Group of New England registry to study 2067 @entity1 (71% male; mean age, 67     11  years; 67% with @entity63 [ @entity63 ]) who underwent infrainguinal bypass from 2003 to 2011. Of these, 1537 (74%) were on statins perioperatively and at 1-year follow-up, and 530 received no statin. We examined crude, adjusted, and propensity-matched rates of 5-year surviva1, 1-year amputation, graft occlusion, and perioperative @entity583 . RESULTS: @entity1 taking statins at the time of surgery and at the 1-year follow-up were more likely to have @entity301 (38% vs 22%; P  < .001), @entity6 (51% vs 36%; P  < .001), @entity101 (89% vs 77%; P  < .001), and prior revascularization procedures (50% vs 38%; P  < .001). Despite higher comorbidity burdens, long-term survival was better for @entity1 taking statins in crude (risk ratio [RR], 0.7; P  < .001), adjusted (hazard ratio, 0.7; P  = .001), and propensity-matched analyses (hazard ratio, 0.7; P  = .03). In subgroup analysis, a survival advantage was evident in @entity1 on statins with @entity63 (5-year survival rate, 63% vs 54%; log-rank, P  = .01) but not claudication (5-year survival rate, 84% vs 80%; log-rank, P  = .59). Statin therapy was not associated with 1-year rates of major amputation (12% vs 11%; P  = .84) or graft occlusion (20% vs 18%; P  = .58) in @entity63 @entity1 . Perioperative @entity583 occurred more frequently in @entity1 on a statin in crude analysis (RR, 2.2; P  = .01) but not in the matched cohort (RR, 1.9; P  = .17). CONCLUSIONS: Statin therapy is associated with a 5-year survival benefit after infrainguinal bypass in @entity1 with @entity63 . However, 1-year limb-related outcomes were not influenced by statin use in our large observational cohort of @entity1 undergoing revascularization in New England.

title: Statin therapy after infrainguinal bypass surgery for XXXX is associated with improved 5-year survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['critical limb ischemia', 'CLI']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['critical limb ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has recently provided a new treatment strategy for large @entity14 , as an alternative to laparoscopy-assisted colectomy (LAC). Prospective comparative data on the perioperative course of ESD vis-  -vis LAC are scarce. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated the perioperative course of colorectal ESD in 300 @entity1 . We evaluated en bloc and curative resection, procedure duration, postoperative parameters [white blood cell count (WBC), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), and hemoglobin], @entity158 , recovery duration (time to achieve full mobilization, normal diet, and length of hospitalization), and complications. We also prospectively evaluated 190 @entity1 undergoing LAC as a control group. RESULTS: The median size of the lesions was 30  mm for ESDs (LACs: 20  mm). The median procedure time was 90  min for ESDs (LACs: 185  min). @entity86 was reported in 4  % of ESDs (LACs: 54  %). Only 4  % of ESDs required analgesia (LACs: 61  %). Between the preoperative period and postoperative day 1, the mean difference in WBC and @entity1851 was +1,300/ l for ESDs (LACs: +3,100/ l), and +0.91  mg/dl for ESDs (LACs: +3.96  mg/dl), respectively. A >= 2  g/dl decrease in hemoglobin was observed in 5  % of ESDs (LACs: 30.0  %). Complications were seen in 7  % of ESDs (LACs: 15  %). The rate of delayed @entity548 and perforation was 5 and 1.7  % of ESDs, respectively. Although only one of them required laparotomy for @entity298 caused by delayed perforation, others could be managed endoscopically. Additional LAC was required in 16 ESDs due to redefined risk for lymph node @entity3 . The median hospital stay was 5  days for ESDs (LACs: 10  days). These were consecutive @entity1 with prospective data collection. CONCLUSIONS: Colorectal ESD is effective, minimally invasive and safe in terms of periperative clinical course. Colorectal ESD provides advantages for treatment of large @entity652 and @entity5 with no risk of lymph node @entity3 .

title: Potential perioperative advantage of XXXX versus laparoscopy-assisted colectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['early cancers']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pyrexia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of degeneration and need for subsequent fusion surgery between @entity1 who were treated nonsurgically and @entity1 treated with fusion after a diagnosis of thoracic-or lumbar-level @entity174 without @entity179 . METHODS The authors performed a retrospective study of Orthopedic United Healthcare @entity1 diagnosed with @entity174 . @entity1 were filtered into thoracic and @entity174 groups using diagnostic codes and then assigned to one of 2 treatment subgroups (fusion surgery or no surgery) on the basis of procedural codes. @entity1797 and follow-up surgery were recorded. Chi-square statistical analysis was used. RESULTS Of 3699 @entity1 diagnosed with a thoracic @entity174 , 117 (3.2%) underwent thoracic fusion and 3215 (86.9%) were treated nonsurgically. Within 3 years, 147 (4.6%) @entity1 from the nonsurgical subgroup and fewer than 11 (0.9%-8.5%) from the fusion subgroup were diagnosed with @entity1797 . From the nonsurgical subgroup, 11 (0.3%) @entity1 underwent a thoracic surgery related to @entity1797 compared with zero from the fusion group (p > 0.05). Of 5016 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity174 , 150 (3.0%) underwent fusion and 4371 (87.1%) had no surgery. Within 3 years, 503 @entity1 (11.5%) from the nonsurgical subgroup and 35 (23.3%) from the fusion subgroup were diagnosed with @entity1797 (p < 0.05). From the nonsurgical subgroup, 42 (1.0%) went on to have surgery related to @entity1797 , compared with fewer than 11 (0.7%-6.7%) from the fusion subgroup (values not precise due to privacy limitations). CONCLUSIONS Fusion surgery for thoracic @entity174 does not appear to increase the likelihood of undergoing future surgery. In the lumbar region, initial fusion surgery appears to increase the incidence of @entity1797 and could potentially necessitate future surgeries.

title: Effects of fusion and conservative treatment on @entity1797 and rates of subsequent surgery after thoracolumbar XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1797 :: ('MESH:D055959', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar disc degeneration', 'Disc degeneration', 'disc degeneration', 'thoracic disc degeneration']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic or lumbar fracture', 'fracture', 'lumbar fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of degeneration and need for subsequent fusion surgery between @entity1 who were treated nonsurgically and @entity1 treated with fusion after a diagnosis of thoracic-or lumbar-level @entity174 without @entity179 . METHODS The authors performed a retrospective study of Orthopedic United Healthcare @entity1 diagnosed with @entity174 . @entity1 were filtered into thoracic and @entity174 groups using diagnostic codes and then assigned to one of 2 treatment subgroups (fusion surgery or no surgery) on the basis of procedural codes. @entity1797 and follow-up surgery were recorded. Chi-square statistical analysis was used. RESULTS Of 3699 @entity1 diagnosed with a thoracic @entity174 , 117 (3.2%) underwent thoracic fusion and 3215 (86.9%) were treated nonsurgically. Within 3 years, 147 (4.6%) @entity1 from the nonsurgical subgroup and fewer than 11 (0.9%-8.5%) from the fusion subgroup were diagnosed with @entity1797 . From the nonsurgical subgroup, 11 (0.3%) @entity1 underwent a thoracic surgery related to @entity1797 compared with zero from the fusion group (p > 0.05). Of 5016 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity174 , 150 (3.0%) underwent fusion and 4371 (87.1%) had no surgery. Within 3 years, 503 @entity1 (11.5%) from the nonsurgical subgroup and 35 (23.3%) from the fusion subgroup were diagnosed with @entity1797 (p < 0.05). From the nonsurgical subgroup, 42 (1.0%) went on to have surgery related to @entity1797 , compared with fewer than 11 (0.7%-6.7%) from the fusion subgroup (values not precise due to privacy limitations). CONCLUSIONS Fusion surgery for thoracic @entity174 does not appear to increase the likelihood of undergoing future surgery. In the lumbar region, initial fusion surgery appears to increase the incidence of @entity1797 and could potentially necessitate future surgeries.

title: Effects of fusion and conservative treatment on XXXX and rates of subsequent surgery after thoracolumbar @entity174 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity1797 :: (MESH:D055959,Disease) :: ['disc degeneration']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the Netherlands, prenatal screening follows an opting in system and comprises two non-invasive tests: the combined test to screen for trisomy 21 at 12 weeks of gestation and the @entity2241 scan to detect structural anomalies at 20 weeks. Midwives counsel about prenatal screening tests for @entity154 and they are increasingly having to counsel @entity1 from religious backgrounds beyond their experience. This study assessed midwives' perceptions and practices regarding taking client's religious backgrounds into account during counseling. As Islam is the commonest non-western religion, we were particularly interested in midwives' knowledge of whether pregnancy termination is allowed in Islam. METHODS: This exploratory study is part of the DELIVER study, which evaluated primary care midwifery in The Netherlands between September 2009 and January 2011. A questionnaire was sent to all 108 midwives of the twenty practices participating in the study. RESULTS: Of 98 respondents (response rate 92%), 68 (69%) said they took account of the client's religion. The two main reasons for not doing so were that religion was considered irrelevant in the decision-making process and that it should be up to clients to initiate such discussions. Midwives' own religious backgrounds were independent of whether they paid attention to the clients' religious backgrounds. Eighty midwives (82%) said they did not counsel Muslim @entity1 differently from other @entity1 . Although midwives with relatively many Muslim clients had more knowledge of Islamic attitudes to terminating pregnancy in general than midwives with relatively fewer Muslim clients, the specific knowledge of termination regarding trisomy 21 and other @entity154 was limited in both groups. CONCLUSION: While many midwives took client's religion into account, few knew much about Islamic beliefs on prenatal screening for @entity154 . Midwives identified a need for additional education. To meet the needs of the changing client population, counselors need more knowledge of religious opinions about the termination of pregnancy and the skills to approach religious issues with clients.

title: Prenatal screening for XXXX : exploring midwives' perceptions of counseling clients with religious backgrounds.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal anomaly']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['congenital anomalies']


abstract: Because of the complex anatomy of the foot, rarity of @entity174 of the foot, and subtle radiographic cues, foot injuries are commonly overlooked and mis/undiagnosed. This study seeks to investigate a @entity1 population whose @entity130 , including @entity174 and @entity3029 , were missed on initial examination, in order to analyze factors of known, missed injuries and provide insight into methods for reducing the incidence of missed diagnoses. Surgical cases between January 1999 and May 2011 were queried and retrospectively reviewed to identify missed @entity130 . Of 1682 surgical cases reviewed, 27 @entity1 with @entity130 (ies), which were subsequently confirmed by imaging studies, were identified. Using the Orthopaedic @entity130 Association classification, @entity174 and dislocation subtypes were classified. A medical record review was performed to assess demographic and surgical data elements. In this study population, 7 types of @entity130 (talus, calcaneal, navicular, and @entity174 as well as subtalar, calcaneocuboid, and @entity2720 ) were diagnosed in 27 @entity1 . All @entity1 required surgical intervention. @entity174 were the most commonly missed injury. In @entity1 with @entity1230 , there was a strong correlation between talus and navicular @entity174 (r = -0.60; P < .01) as well as a moderate correlation between talus @entity174 and @entity3029 (r = -0.46; P = .02). The presence of a calcaneal @entity174 significantly decreased the time to definitive diagnosis (P = .01). Male @entity1 ' diagnoses were delayed an average of 324 days and females 105 days (P = .04). A moderate correlation was found between @entity1 age at injury and time to diagnosis (r = -0.47; P = .04), with a decreased time to diagnosis as @entity1 age increased. Significant factors were identified in this @entity1 population, including @entity1 sex and age, which may contribute to missed or delayed diagnosis in the clinical setting. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of @entity130 may improve long-term outcomes. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE: Care Management, Level V.

title: XXXX : an analysis of factors in cases of known delayed diagnosis and methods for improving identification.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Talus fractures', 'fracture', 'cuboid fractures']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple peritalar injuries']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['talonavicular joint dislocations']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['peritalar injuries', 'Trauma', 'missed peritalar injury']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['calcaneocuboid dislocations', 'dislocations']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Missed peritalar injuries']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Individuals frequently involved in jumping, pivoting or cutting are at increased risk of @entity3331 , including anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. We sought to use meta-analytic techniques to establish whether neuromuscular and proprioceptive training is efficacious in preventing knee and @entity130 and to identify factors related to greater efficacy of such programs. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search of studies published in English between 1996 and 2014. Intervention efficacy was ascertained from incidence rate ratios (IRRs) weighted by their precision (1/variance) using a random effects model. Separate analyses were performed for knee and @entity130 . We examined whether year of publication, study quality, or specific components of the intervention were associated with efficacy of the intervention in a meta-regression analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria and were used in the meta-analysis. The mean study sample was 1,093 subjects. Twenty studies reported data on knee @entity130 and 16 on @entity130 . Maximum Jadad score was 3 (on a 0-5 scale). The summary incidence rate ratio was estimated at 0.731 (95% CI: 0.614, 0.871) for @entity3331 and 0.493 (95% CI: 0.285, 0.854) for @entity130 , indicating a protective effect of intervention. Meta-regression analysis did not identify specific intervention components associated with greater efficacy but established that later year of publication was associated with more conservative estimates of intervention efficacy. CONCLUSION: The current meta-analysis provides evidence that neuromuscular and proprioceptive training reduces knee @entity130 in particular. Later publication date was associated with higher quality studies and more conservative efficacy estimates. As study quality was generally low, these data suggest that higher quality studies should be implemented to confirm the preventive efficacy of such programs.

title: Effectiveness of XXXX and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Prevention Programs: A Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['knee injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ACL injury', 'injury in general and ACL injury', 'injury in general terms']

answer: @entity3331 :: (MESH:D007718,Disease) :: ['Knee Injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity215 ( @entity215 ), it is well known that postoperative @entity338 reduces right ventricular function during long-term follow-up. Complete repair without a transannular patch should help avoid @entity338 . Recently, primary complete repair has been preferred to the staged repair with use of a Blalock-Taussig shunt (BTS) even in neonates or small @entity1 ; however, little has been reported about the influence of a BTS on pulmonary annular growth. METHODS: We examined 40 @entity1 with @entity215 or double-outlet right ventricle with @entity849 . Twenty-one @entity1 received a BTS before complete repair, whereas 19 @entity1 underwent primary complete repair. Pulmonary annular size was measured by echocardiography before BTS, complete repair, or both, and ventricular volume was measured by cardiac catheterization. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in complete repair age or body size between the groups. Pulmonary annulus sizes in the BTS group were smaller than those in the primary repair group (Z score, -5.1    2.5 vs -3.7    1.8). After the BTS, significant annular growth (Z score, -2.8    2.1) was observed (p = 0.0028), with a significant increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (p = 0.015). When @entity1 with severe @entity849 (Z score > -7.0) were excluded, pulmonary annular preservation at complete repair was achieved in 64.7% (11/17) of the BTS group and 36.8% (7/19) of the primary repair group (p = 0.088). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity10741 increased the pulmonary annular size and the left ventricular volume during the 6 months before complete repair, resulting in preservation of the @entity338 .

title: Pulmonary annulus growth after the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['TOF', 'tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary regurgitation', 'pulmonary valve function']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary stenosis']

answer: @entity215 :: (MESH:D013771,Disease) :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Objective of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of novel ultrasonographic modalities in comparison with simultaneously performed liver biopsy. METHODS: The results of simultaneously performed examinations using Acoustic Structure Quantification (ASQ), Virtual Touch Imaging and Quantification (VTIQ) and Virtual Touch Tissue Quantification (VTTQ) were compared with the findings of liver biopsy in @entity1 with a wide variety of diffuse hepatopathies (n = 51). The histologically determined @entity82 stage according to Desmet and Scheuer was compared with quantitative measurements returned by the ultrasonographic imaging modalities. RESULTS: No statistically significant correlation with histologically determined @entity82 stage could be identified for any measurements returned using ASQ. Increasing severity of @entity1560 , however, was associated with a reduction in the @entity132 ( @entity132 ) ratio (r =   -0.55; p < 0.0001). The shearwave velocities measured using VTTQ satisfyingly correlated with @entity82 stage (r = 0.56; p > 0.0001). @entity82 stages > F2 were associated with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 (95%-CI:0.84-0.99). A cut-off value for shearwave velocity of 1.66 m/s was determined with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 84 %. VTIQ showed a less pronounced but acceptable correlation with @entity82 stage (r = 0.35; p = 0.0154). For @entity82 stages > F2 analysis showed an AUC of 0.84 (95%-CI:0.70-0.93). The cut-off value was 1.82 m/s with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 58 %. CONCLUSION: While ASQ showed no diagnostic advantage in our @entity1 collective, VTTQ showed high reliability for determining severe liver @entity82 in a group of @entity1 with diffuse @entity409 of different etiology.

title: Comparison of Acoustic Structure Quantification (ASQ), shearwave elastography and histology in XXXX with diffuse hepatopathies.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'Fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['focal disturbance', 'FD']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic steatosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To review outcomes of continuous motor/somatosensory-evoked potential (MEP/SSEP) monitoring, cerebrospinal fluid drainage, and selective use of iliofemoral conduits in @entity1 undergoing endovascular repair of descending thoracic @entity439 (DTA) and @entity2334 ( @entity2334 ). METHODS: The clinical data of 49 @entity1 (mean age 75  8 years; 38 @entity1 ) who underwent endovascular repair of DTA and @entity2334 (2011-2014) were reviewed. All @entity1 had cerebrospinal fluid drainage, permissive @entity101 (mean arterial pressure >= 80 mm Hg), and MEP/SSEP monitoring. There were 44 (90%) @entity1 with @entity2334 and 5 (10%) with DTA. Types I and II @entity2334 were repaired in staged procedures. Iliofemoral conduits were used for small iliac arteries and to minimize time of lower extremity @entity63 in @entity1 with difficult anatomy. In @entity1 with changes in MEP/SSEPs, a standardized protocol was employed to optimize spinal cord perfusion and restore lower extremity blood flow. Endpoints were mortality, @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ), and lower extremity @entity63 complications. RESULTS: Sixteen (33%) @entity1 had staged TAAA repair. A total of 163 visceral arteries were targeted by fenestrations and branches (mean 3.7  1.0 vessels/ @entity1 ). Temporary iliofemoral conduits were used in 16 limbs/14 @entity1 . A stable MEP/SSEP was achieved in all @entity1 . Thirty-one (63%) @entity1 had a >= 75% decrease in MEP/SSEP amplitude in 50 limbs starting on average 75  28 minutes after obtaining vascular access. MEP/SSEP amplitude improved with maneuvers in 12 (39%) @entity1 and returned to baseline with restoration of lower extremity flow in all except 1 @entity1 who developed immediate @entity1566 . Thirty-day mortality was 4%. Three (6%) @entity1 had @entity1566 , 2 permanent and 1 temporary at 14 days. There were no lower extremity @entity63 complications. CONCLUSION: Neuromonitoring predicted immediate @entity1566 and allowed use of a protocol to optimize spinal cord and lower extremity perfusion during complex endovascular aortic repair. Larger clinical experience is needed to evaluate the efficacy of neuromonitoring to prevent @entity1566 .

title: Neuromonitoring, Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage, and Selective Use of Iliofemoral Conduits to Minimize Risk of XXXX During Complex Endovascular Aortic Repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms', 'TAAAs']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: @entity356 is a common @entity5 worldwide. Chromatin remodeling complexes have emerged as @entity5 suppressors and include @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ) 1A, 1B, and 2. We examined their expression and clarified their roles in @entity356 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of @entity1129 was studied by immunohistochemistry in 469 @entity356 and 47 @entity652 samples and was analyzed according to clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: Low expression rates of @entity70777 , and 2 in @entity356 were 20%, 10%, and 15% respectively. @entity1129 are correlated to each other. Low expression of @entity10161 was related to advanced @entity5 and vessel infiltration. Loss of @entity23422 and @entity19689 was also related to @entity5 progression, but their relationship was weaker than that of @entity10161 . CONCLUSION: @entity10161 is the strongest @entity5 suppressor in @entity356 among @entity1129 . Their aberration might be caused by shared mechanisms such as mutation and methylation.

title: Loss of @entity10161 , XXXX , and @entity19689 Expression During Progression of @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['ARIDs', 'AT-rich interaction domain-containing proteins']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinoma', 'gastric carcinogenesis', 'Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity23422 :: (57492,Gene) :: ['ARID1B']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: @entity356 is a common @entity5 worldwide. Chromatin remodeling complexes have emerged as @entity5 suppressors and include @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ) 1A, 1B, and 2. We examined their expression and clarified their roles in @entity356 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of @entity1129 was studied by immunohistochemistry in 469 @entity356 and 47 @entity652 samples and was analyzed according to clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: Low expression rates of @entity70777 , and 2 in @entity356 were 20%, 10%, and 15% respectively. @entity1129 are correlated to each other. Low expression of @entity10161 was related to advanced @entity5 and vessel infiltration. Loss of @entity23422 and @entity19689 was also related to @entity5 progression, but their relationship was weaker than that of @entity10161 . CONCLUSION: @entity10161 is the strongest @entity5 suppressor in @entity356 among @entity1129 . Their aberration might be caused by shared mechanisms such as mutation and methylation.

title: Loss of XXXX , @entity23422 , and @entity19689 Expression During Progression of @entity356 .

answer: @entity10161 :: (8289,Gene) :: ['ARID1A']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: @entity356 is a common @entity5 worldwide. Chromatin remodeling complexes have emerged as @entity5 suppressors and include @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ) 1A, 1B, and 2. We examined their expression and clarified their roles in @entity356 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of @entity1129 was studied by immunohistochemistry in 469 @entity356 and 47 @entity652 samples and was analyzed according to clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: Low expression rates of @entity70777 , and 2 in @entity356 were 20%, 10%, and 15% respectively. @entity1129 are correlated to each other. Low expression of @entity10161 was related to advanced @entity5 and vessel infiltration. Loss of @entity23422 and @entity19689 was also related to @entity5 progression, but their relationship was weaker than that of @entity10161 . CONCLUSION: @entity10161 is the strongest @entity5 suppressor in @entity356 among @entity1129 . Their aberration might be caused by shared mechanisms such as mutation and methylation.

title: Loss of @entity10161 , @entity23422 , and XXXX Expression During Progression of @entity356 .

answer: @entity19689 :: (196528,Gene) :: ['ARID2']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: @entity356 is a common @entity5 worldwide. Chromatin remodeling complexes have emerged as @entity5 suppressors and include @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ) 1A, 1B, and 2. We examined their expression and clarified their roles in @entity356 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of @entity1129 was studied by immunohistochemistry in 469 @entity356 and 47 @entity652 samples and was analyzed according to clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: Low expression rates of @entity70777 , and 2 in @entity356 were 20%, 10%, and 15% respectively. @entity1129 are correlated to each other. Low expression of @entity10161 was related to advanced @entity5 and vessel infiltration. Loss of @entity23422 and @entity19689 was also related to @entity5 progression, but their relationship was weaker than that of @entity10161 . CONCLUSION: @entity10161 is the strongest @entity5 suppressor in @entity356 among @entity1129 . Their aberration might be caused by shared mechanisms such as mutation and methylation.

title: Loss of @entity10161 , @entity23422 , and @entity19689 Expression During Progression of XXXX .

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Actinic @entity9586 (AP) is a type of photodermatosis, the pathophysiology of which has not been determined. AP has been suggested to be a @entity56 reaction to the presence of eosinophils and the local production of IgE. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study, using @entity982 blocks of tissue that have been diagnosed with AP from the Dermopathology department, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonz  lez. In 66 blocks from 63 @entity1 , eosinophils were identified by @entity1710 and @entity1711 staining, and mastocytes were labeled by immunohistochemistry. Three random microphotographs (40x) were used, and cell counts were calculated as the mean count in the 3 microphotographs. RESULTS: Forty cases (63.5%) were female, and 23 (36.5%) were male. The mean age was 26.49   14.09 years; regarding the evolution time of the disease, the average was 11.93 years   11.39. In 38 of 63 cases (60%), the lip, skin, and conjunctiva were affected clinically. In 22 of 63 cases (34%), AP @entity10212 was the sole manifestation, and in 4 of 63 cases (6%), there were lesions in the skin and conjunctiva. The mean eosinophil count was 9 per case, the average number of mastocytes/field was 28.48 (range 0 to 66) Kruskal-Wallis p=0.001. CONCLUSIONS: There are elements in AP that mediate the reaction of @entity56 type IV b, necessitating the identification of triggering factors. Key words:Actinic @entity9586 , eosinophil, @entity56 IV b, IgE, mastocytes.

title: Inmunohistochemical detection of mastocytes in tissue from @entity1 with actinic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity9586 :: (MESH:D011536,Disease) :: ['prurigo']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Actinic @entity9586 (AP) is a type of photodermatosis, the pathophysiology of which has not been determined. AP has been suggested to be a @entity56 reaction to the presence of eosinophils and the local production of IgE. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study, using @entity982 blocks of tissue that have been diagnosed with AP from the Dermopathology department, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonz  lez. In 66 blocks from 63 @entity1 , eosinophils were identified by @entity1710 and @entity1711 staining, and mastocytes were labeled by immunohistochemistry. Three random microphotographs (40x) were used, and cell counts were calculated as the mean count in the 3 microphotographs. RESULTS: Forty cases (63.5%) were female, and 23 (36.5%) were male. The mean age was 26.49   14.09 years; regarding the evolution time of the disease, the average was 11.93 years   11.39. In 38 of 63 cases (60%), the lip, skin, and conjunctiva were affected clinically. In 22 of 63 cases (34%), AP @entity10212 was the sole manifestation, and in 4 of 63 cases (6%), there were lesions in the skin and conjunctiva. The mean eosinophil count was 9 per case, the average number of mastocytes/field was 28.48 (range 0 to 66) Kruskal-Wallis p=0.001. CONCLUSIONS: There are elements in AP that mediate the reaction of @entity56 type IV b, necessitating the identification of triggering factors. Key words:Actinic @entity9586 , eosinophil, @entity56 IV b, IgE, mastocytes.

title: Inmunohistochemical detection of mastocytes in tissue from XXXX with actinic @entity9586 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To overcome the drawbacks of the Rastelli operation, the modified Lecompte procedure creates a connection from the left ventricle to the aorta with greater freedom from residual obstruction due to the resection of the outlet septum and avoids the implantation of an extracardiac valved conduit. We evaluated the effectiveness of this technique with analysis of our 25-year long-term results. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 50 @entity1 who underwent the modified Lecompte procedure during the past 25 years. The median age at operation was 1.95 years (range, 0.30-12.48 years). The diagnoses involved anomalies of the ventriculoarterial connection with @entity1757 and @entity3885 , such as @entity3886 , double outlet right ventricle, and double outlet left ventricle. RESULTS: There were 2 early deaths (4.0%). During a mean follow-up of 14.2    7.9 years (range, 0.2-25 years), there were 4 late deaths. Actuarial survival was 87.3%    4.9% at 25 years. The freedom from @entity943 and reoperation at 25 years was 87.7%    6.2% and 25.2%    9.4%, respectively. The freedom from reoperation for @entity3585 and right @entity3585 at 25 years was 88.5%    5.4% and 49.6%    9.0%, respectively. At last follow-up, 43 survivors (97.7%) are in New York Heart Association class I. CONCLUSIONS: The modified Lecompte procedure has excellent long-term results for treating anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection with @entity1757 and @entity3885 . Early repair is possible with low mortality and morbidity in terms of @entity943 , reoperation for right or @entity3585 , and functional class.

title: Twenty-five years' experience of modified Lecompte procedure for the anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection with XXXX and pulmonary stenosis.

entities_list: @entity3585 :: ('MESH:D014694', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular outflow tract obstruction', 'left ventricular outflow tract obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3886 :: ('MESH:D014188', 'Disease') :: ['transposition of the great arteries']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary outflow tract obstruction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['ventricular septal defect']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Urinary albumin excretion is a strong predictor of @entity65 . It is uncertain whether improvement from microalbuminuria or deterioration from normoalbuminuria over time in @entity1 with differing changes in @entity413 and BP change their cardiovascular risk. METHODS: Data on mortality, cardiovascular and renal outcomes were analysed in 22,984 @entity1 from two large parallel randomised clinical trials followed for 56 months. A central laboratory analysed first morning spot urine samples at baseline and after 24 months, and events were recorded over the subsequent 32 months. @entity1 were stratified by changes in @entity633 , @entity413 status and mean systolic BP over 2 years. RESULTS: There was a strong association between @entity633 status and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and combined cardiovascular and renal endpoints (all p < 0.0001). Changes in systolic BP control had no effect on mortality, whereas @entity413 status was significantly associated with all outcomes. Irrespective of BP control or @entity413 status, @entity1 showing an improvement from microalbuminuria to normoalbuminuria after 2 years were at a lower risk of all outcome measures than @entity1 showing deterioration from normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria (HR for all-cause mortality 0.65 [0.52-0.83], p = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: @entity1 who showed improvement to normoalbuminuria over 2 years were at lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and of cardiovascular and renal events than those who deteriorated to microalbuminuria over time. @entity633 over time was significantly better than @entity413 status and BP control in predicting mortality and both cardiovascular and renal outcomes in @entity1 at a high cardiovascular risk.

title: Mortality and morbidity in relation to changes in @entity633 , XXXX status and systolic blood pressure: an analysis of the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria', 'Albuminuria']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Urinary albumin excretion is a strong predictor of @entity65 . It is uncertain whether improvement from microalbuminuria or deterioration from normoalbuminuria over time in @entity1 with differing changes in @entity413 and BP change their cardiovascular risk. METHODS: Data on mortality, cardiovascular and renal outcomes were analysed in 22,984 @entity1 from two large parallel randomised clinical trials followed for 56 months. A central laboratory analysed first morning spot urine samples at baseline and after 24 months, and events were recorded over the subsequent 32 months. @entity1 were stratified by changes in @entity633 , @entity413 status and mean systolic BP over 2 years. RESULTS: There was a strong association between @entity633 status and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and combined cardiovascular and renal endpoints (all p < 0.0001). Changes in systolic BP control had no effect on mortality, whereas @entity413 status was significantly associated with all outcomes. Irrespective of BP control or @entity413 status, @entity1 showing an improvement from microalbuminuria to normoalbuminuria after 2 years were at a lower risk of all outcome measures than @entity1 showing deterioration from normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria (HR for all-cause mortality 0.65 [0.52-0.83], p = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: @entity1 who showed improvement to normoalbuminuria over 2 years were at lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and of cardiovascular and renal events than those who deteriorated to microalbuminuria over time. @entity633 over time was significantly better than @entity413 status and BP control in predicting mortality and both cardiovascular and renal outcomes in @entity1 at a high cardiovascular risk.

title: Mortality and morbidity in relation to changes in XXXX , @entity413 status and systolic blood pressure: an analysis of the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND studies.

answer: @entity633 :: (MESH:D000419,Disease) :: ['albuminuria']


abstract: @entity1 undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are submitted to a conditioning regimen of high-dose chemotherapy, with or without radiation therapy, which usually results in oral ulcerations and mucosal barrier breakdown. @entity3136 ( @entity3136 ) is a common and debilitating @entity137 side effect of autologous and allogeneic HSCT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the severity of @entity3136 and inflammatory mediator ( @entity310 , @entity650 , @entity1356 , @entity688 , @entity2533 , metalloproteinases, and growth factors) levels in saliva and blood of HSCT @entity1 . Thirty @entity1 were randomly assigned to two groups: control (n   =   15) and laser (n   =   15). LLLT was applied from the first day of the conditioning regimen until day 7 post-HSCT (D   +   7). Saliva and blood were collected from @entity1 on admission (AD), @entity20294 , D   +   7, and on @entity236 ( @entity236 ). Clinical results showed less severe @entity3136 in the laser group (p   <   0.05). The LLLT group showed increased @entity1476 ( @entity1476 ) levels in saliva on D   +   7 (p   =   0.04). Significant differences were also observed for @entity688 on D   +   7 and on @entity236 in blood plasma, when compared to the control group (p   <   0.05). No significant differences were seen in saliva or blood for the other inflammatory mediators investigated. LLLT was clinically effective in reducing the severity of chemotherapy-induced @entity3136 in HSCT @entity1 , and its mechanism of action does not seem to be completely linked to the modulation of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors or matrix metalloproteinases.

title: Effect of low-level laser therapy on inflammatory mediator release during chemotherapy-induced XXXX : a randomized preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['OM', 'Oral mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1476 :: ('4313', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-2', 'matrix metalloproteinase 2']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['ME', 'marrow engraftment day']

answer: @entity3136 :: (MESH:D013280,Disease) :: ['oral mucositis']