abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7995 ( @entity7995 ) is often the first symptom of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). However, a broad range of conditions can give rise to or mimic @entity7995 . The objective of this study was to investigate the social and health related consequences of @entity7995 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the period 2003-2011, 436 @entity1 were examined for @entity7995 . The primary endpoints were time to disability pension and immunomodulatory treatment against @entity15 . @entity1 were followed-up through the Danish the Registry of Deaths and Migration until July 2012. Statistics Denmark provided information on disability pension. Furthermore, data was merged with the Danish @entity15 Treatment Register. RESULTS: After 9 years, 24.9% were disabled and 47.7% had initiated treatment against @entity15 . The risk of disability was five times higher than in the background population. The risk of becoming a disability pensioner was highest among @entity1 with paraclinical findings compatible with @entity15 . CONCLUSION: As expected, @entity15 is the leading cause of disability after @entity7995 . This study revealed an association between the paraclinical findings at symptom onset and social outcome. These results may influence insurance underwriting.

title: The prognosis for XXXX suspected of @entity7995 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification of genetic markers of antihypertensive drug responses could assist in individualization of @entity101 treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a genome-wide association study to identify gene loci influencing the responsiveness of 228 male @entity1 to 4 classes of antihypertensive drugs. The Genetics of Drug Responsiveness in Essential @entity101 (GENRES) study is a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study where each subject received @entity3591 , @entity2179 , @entity918 , and @entity9886 , each as a monotherapy, in a randomized order. Replication analyses were performed in 4 studies with @entity1 of European ancestry (PEAR Study, N=386; GERA I and II Studies, N=196 and N=198; SOPHIA Study, N=372). We identified 3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the @entity71939 gene that showed associations with @entity2179 response reaching genome-wide significance (P<5x10(-8))however, this could not be replicated in the PEAR Study using @entity2165 . In addition, 39 single-nucleotide polymorphisms showed P values of 10(-5) to 10(-7). The 20 top-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms were different for each antihypertensive drug. None of these top single-nucleotide polymorphisms co-localized with the panel of >40 genes identified in genome-wide association studies of @entity101 . Replication analyses of GENRES results provided suggestive evidence for a missense variant ( @entity71940 ) in the @entity6333 ( @entity6333 ) gene influencing @entity9886 response, and for 2 variants influencing @entity918 response, located within or close to the @entity17610 ( @entity71941 ) and @entity58189 ( @entity71942 ) genes. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide some evidence for a link between biology of the glomerular protein @entity6333 and antihypertensive action of angiotensin receptor antagonists and encourage additional studies on @entity264 dehydrogenase   mediated reactions in antihypertensive @entity734 .

title: Pharmacogenomics of XXXX : a genome   wide, placebo   controlled cross   over study, using four classes of antihypertensive drugs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity264 :: ('CHEBI:17478', 'Chemical') :: ['aldehyde']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug action']

entities_list: @entity2179 :: ('MESH:D017298', 'Chemical') :: ['bisoprolol']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim was to compare the effectiveness of intra-articular @entity3303 (IAL) versus intravenous @entity6882 and @entity3175 (IVS) in reduction of @entity2065 . DESIGN: This is a prospective randomized study. SETTING: Emergency room setting. @entity1 : Thirty-one dislocations reduced with IVS, whereas 32 @entity1 were reduced using IAL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The visual analog @entity158 scale was used before analgesic administration and during the closed manipulative reduction. Length of time since dislocation, frequency of dislocation, ease of reduction, @entity1 satisfaction, adverse effects, and duration of hospitalization were recorded. RESULTS: The IVS group had a 100% success rate, whereas the IAL group had a 19% (six of 32) failure rate (P = 0.024). However, there was no significant difference in terms of @entity158 relief (P = 0.23) or @entity1 satisfaction (P = 0.085) between both groups. In addition, @entity1 in the IAL group had a shorter duration of hospitalization and no reported complications, whereas the intravenous group had a longer hospital stay and a 29% complication rate. The cost of IAL was 32% less than the cost for IVS. CONCLUSION: IAL was more cost effective than the IVS method. IAL provided adequate @entity158 and is a viable option for analgesia during reduction of acute @entity2065 .

title: @entity158 relief for reduction of @entity2065 : a prospective randomized study comparing intravenous sedation with intra-articular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['Diazepam']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain relief and fewer complications', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity2065 :: ('MESH:D012783', 'Disease') :: ['shoulder dislocation', 'acute anterior shoulder dislocation']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim was to compare the effectiveness of intra-articular @entity3303 (IAL) versus intravenous @entity6882 and @entity3175 (IVS) in reduction of @entity2065 . DESIGN: This is a prospective randomized study. SETTING: Emergency room setting. @entity1 : Thirty-one dislocations reduced with IVS, whereas 32 @entity1 were reduced using IAL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The visual analog @entity158 scale was used before analgesic administration and during the closed manipulative reduction. Length of time since dislocation, frequency of dislocation, ease of reduction, @entity1 satisfaction, adverse effects, and duration of hospitalization were recorded. RESULTS: The IVS group had a 100% success rate, whereas the IAL group had a 19% (six of 32) failure rate (P = 0.024). However, there was no significant difference in terms of @entity158 relief (P = 0.23) or @entity1 satisfaction (P = 0.085) between both groups. In addition, @entity1 in the IAL group had a shorter duration of hospitalization and no reported complications, whereas the intravenous group had a longer hospital stay and a 29% complication rate. The cost of IAL was 32% less than the cost for IVS. CONCLUSION: IAL was more cost effective than the IVS method. IAL provided adequate @entity158 and is a viable option for analgesia during reduction of acute @entity2065 .

title: @entity158 relief for reduction of XXXX : a prospective randomized study comparing intravenous sedation with intra-articular @entity3303 .

answer: @entity2065 :: (MESH:D012783,Disease) :: ['acute anterior shoulder dislocations']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim was to compare the effectiveness of intra-articular @entity3303 (IAL) versus intravenous @entity6882 and @entity3175 (IVS) in reduction of @entity2065 . DESIGN: This is a prospective randomized study. SETTING: Emergency room setting. @entity1 : Thirty-one dislocations reduced with IVS, whereas 32 @entity1 were reduced using IAL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The visual analog @entity158 scale was used before analgesic administration and during the closed manipulative reduction. Length of time since dislocation, frequency of dislocation, ease of reduction, @entity1 satisfaction, adverse effects, and duration of hospitalization were recorded. RESULTS: The IVS group had a 100% success rate, whereas the IAL group had a 19% (six of 32) failure rate (P = 0.024). However, there was no significant difference in terms of @entity158 relief (P = 0.23) or @entity1 satisfaction (P = 0.085) between both groups. In addition, @entity1 in the IAL group had a shorter duration of hospitalization and no reported complications, whereas the intravenous group had a longer hospital stay and a 29% complication rate. The cost of IAL was 32% less than the cost for IVS. CONCLUSION: IAL was more cost effective than the IVS method. IAL provided adequate @entity158 and is a viable option for analgesia during reduction of acute @entity2065 .

title: XXXX relief for reduction of @entity2065 : a prospective randomized study comparing intravenous sedation with intra-articular @entity3303 .

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: Because evasion of @entity5 suppression is a critical step in @entity5 development, @entity5 cells have developed a variety of mechanisms to circumvent the influence of @entity5 suppressive pathways. Thus, genes that negatively regulate @entity5 suppressors could be considered novel types of oncogenes such as @entity3752 repressing @entity986 and inhibiting @entity876 and were found to be frequently up-regulated in a variety of @entity5 . @entity1435 (MAPK), which reportedly plays a crucial role as a @entity5 suppressor, is activated in number of @entity2220 , which is seemingly at odds with its role as a @entity5 suppressor. METHODS: We examined 10 @entity2220 and corresponding normal tissues and determined the expression levels of a variety of @entity5 suppressor proteins through real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry and measured @entity1435 MAPK activity by immunoblotting or immunohistochemistry analysis. In the in vitro cellular model, @entity1435 activation by @entity8498 and consequent senescence induction was achieved through retro-viral gene transduction. Similarly, the suppression of @entity986 by @entity3752 after the introduction of @entity8498 was achieved through transient transfection with cationic liposome. RESULTS: We detected several @entity2220 that were positive for activated @entity1435 MAPK but evidenced reduced levels of @entity986 expression. The suppression of @entity986 occurred in parallel with an increase in @entity3752 and/or @entity986 promoter hypermethylation. Consistent with these observations, the @entity8498 -stimulated induction of @entity986 was suppressed significantly through the coexpression of @entity3752 in vitro. DISCUSSION: These results demonstrate that the suppression of @entity986 by either the induction of @entity3752 or the hypermethylation of @entity986 may be an important step in avoiding @entity5 surveillance by @entity1435 MAPK during the development of @entity2 .

title: XXXX @entity2220 by @entity3752 in the presence of @entity1435 activation.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1435 :: ('1432', 'Gene') :: ['p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase', 'p38']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity986 :: (1029,Gene) :: ['p16Ink4a']


abstract: PURPOSE: Because evasion of @entity5 suppression is a critical step in @entity5 development, @entity5 cells have developed a variety of mechanisms to circumvent the influence of @entity5 suppressive pathways. Thus, genes that negatively regulate @entity5 suppressors could be considered novel types of oncogenes such as @entity3752 repressing @entity986 and inhibiting @entity876 and were found to be frequently up-regulated in a variety of @entity5 . @entity1435 (MAPK), which reportedly plays a crucial role as a @entity5 suppressor, is activated in number of @entity2220 , which is seemingly at odds with its role as a @entity5 suppressor. METHODS: We examined 10 @entity2220 and corresponding normal tissues and determined the expression levels of a variety of @entity5 suppressor proteins through real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry and measured @entity1435 MAPK activity by immunoblotting or immunohistochemistry analysis. In the in vitro cellular model, @entity1435 activation by @entity8498 and consequent senescence induction was achieved through retro-viral gene transduction. Similarly, the suppression of @entity986 by @entity3752 after the introduction of @entity8498 was achieved through transient transfection with cationic liposome. RESULTS: We detected several @entity2220 that were positive for activated @entity1435 MAPK but evidenced reduced levels of @entity986 expression. The suppression of @entity986 occurred in parallel with an increase in @entity3752 and/or @entity986 promoter hypermethylation. Consistent with these observations, the @entity8498 -stimulated induction of @entity986 was suppressed significantly through the coexpression of @entity3752 in vitro. DISCUSSION: These results demonstrate that the suppression of @entity986 by either the induction of @entity3752 or the hypermethylation of @entity986 may be an important step in avoiding @entity5 surveillance by @entity1435 MAPK during the development of @entity2 .

title: @entity986 @entity2220 by XXXX in the presence of @entity1435 activation.

answer: @entity3752 :: (648,Gene) :: ['Bmi-1']


abstract: PURPOSE: Because evasion of @entity5 suppression is a critical step in @entity5 development, @entity5 cells have developed a variety of mechanisms to circumvent the influence of @entity5 suppressive pathways. Thus, genes that negatively regulate @entity5 suppressors could be considered novel types of oncogenes such as @entity3752 repressing @entity986 and inhibiting @entity876 and were found to be frequently up-regulated in a variety of @entity5 . @entity1435 (MAPK), which reportedly plays a crucial role as a @entity5 suppressor, is activated in number of @entity2220 , which is seemingly at odds with its role as a @entity5 suppressor. METHODS: We examined 10 @entity2220 and corresponding normal tissues and determined the expression levels of a variety of @entity5 suppressor proteins through real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry and measured @entity1435 MAPK activity by immunoblotting or immunohistochemistry analysis. In the in vitro cellular model, @entity1435 activation by @entity8498 and consequent senescence induction was achieved through retro-viral gene transduction. Similarly, the suppression of @entity986 by @entity3752 after the introduction of @entity8498 was achieved through transient transfection with cationic liposome. RESULTS: We detected several @entity2220 that were positive for activated @entity1435 MAPK but evidenced reduced levels of @entity986 expression. The suppression of @entity986 occurred in parallel with an increase in @entity3752 and/or @entity986 promoter hypermethylation. Consistent with these observations, the @entity8498 -stimulated induction of @entity986 was suppressed significantly through the coexpression of @entity3752 in vitro. DISCUSSION: These results demonstrate that the suppression of @entity986 by either the induction of @entity3752 or the hypermethylation of @entity986 may be an important step in avoiding @entity5 surveillance by @entity1435 MAPK during the development of @entity2 .

title: @entity986 XXXX by @entity3752 in the presence of @entity1435 activation.

answer: @entity2220 :: (MESH:C538231,Disease) :: ['suppression of lung adenocarcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Because evasion of @entity5 suppression is a critical step in @entity5 development, @entity5 cells have developed a variety of mechanisms to circumvent the influence of @entity5 suppressive pathways. Thus, genes that negatively regulate @entity5 suppressors could be considered novel types of oncogenes such as @entity3752 repressing @entity986 and inhibiting @entity876 and were found to be frequently up-regulated in a variety of @entity5 . @entity1435 (MAPK), which reportedly plays a crucial role as a @entity5 suppressor, is activated in number of @entity2220 , which is seemingly at odds with its role as a @entity5 suppressor. METHODS: We examined 10 @entity2220 and corresponding normal tissues and determined the expression levels of a variety of @entity5 suppressor proteins through real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry and measured @entity1435 MAPK activity by immunoblotting or immunohistochemistry analysis. In the in vitro cellular model, @entity1435 activation by @entity8498 and consequent senescence induction was achieved through retro-viral gene transduction. Similarly, the suppression of @entity986 by @entity3752 after the introduction of @entity8498 was achieved through transient transfection with cationic liposome. RESULTS: We detected several @entity2220 that were positive for activated @entity1435 MAPK but evidenced reduced levels of @entity986 expression. The suppression of @entity986 occurred in parallel with an increase in @entity3752 and/or @entity986 promoter hypermethylation. Consistent with these observations, the @entity8498 -stimulated induction of @entity986 was suppressed significantly through the coexpression of @entity3752 in vitro. DISCUSSION: These results demonstrate that the suppression of @entity986 by either the induction of @entity3752 or the hypermethylation of @entity986 may be an important step in avoiding @entity5 surveillance by @entity1435 MAPK during the development of @entity2 .

title: @entity986 @entity2220 by @entity3752 in the presence of XXXX activation.

answer: @entity1435 :: (1432,Gene) :: ['p38']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review blood pressure targets and their implementation in @entity295 . DESIGN: Review of the hemodynamic intervention trials in @entity295 . MAIN RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Explicit blood pressure targets have been recommended for septic @entity1 . The Surviving Sepsis Guidelines recommend vasopressors to achieve and maintain a mean arterial blood pressure of at least 65 mm Hg in @entity1 not responding to initial fluid resuscitation. @entity1 remaining @entity551 despite efforts to increase blood pressure have up to twice as high mortality as those whose @entity551 can be corrected with fluids and vasopressors. The actual blood pressure targets and their implementation are the main determinants of the @entity1 's exposure to vasopressors. Several randomized controlled trials on hemodynamic interventions in septic shock show that @entity1 continue to receive vasopressors despite the fact that blood pressure targets have been exceeded, and thus vasopressors should be reduced. Accordingly, @entity1 are likely to be exposed to higher amounts of vasopressors and over longer periods of time than would be necessary if the predefined targets would be strictly implemented. Post hoc analyses suggest that in @entity1 without refractory @entity551 , the cumulative vasopressor load is independently associated with mortality. Accordingly, reduction of exposure to vasopressors has the potential of improving outcomes. This can be achieved by adhering to the lower currently proposed blood pressure limits. In addition, the lowest tolerable blood pressure levels should be reevaluated.

title: Should we target blood pressure in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'hypotension']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the early-recurrence prediction value of preoperative alpha-1-fucosidase (AFU) for @entity157 ( @entity157 ) @entity1 undergoing curative resection. METHODS: A retrospective training set data from January to July, 2012 including 116 @entity1 and a prospective validation set from August 2012 to December 2012 including 68 @entity1 were used to validate the predictive value of preoperative AFU. Difference of recurrence rates between low and high AFU populations in all @entity157 or early- @entity157 subgroups were compared via Kaplan-Meier curves and Log-rank tests. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the recurrent prediction value of preoperative serum AFU. RESULTS: Based on retrospective training data, AFU = 25.00 U/L was set as the optimal cutoff point to stratify @entity157 @entity1 into high (>25.00 U/L) and low (  <= 25.00 U/L) groups. @entity1 with high preoperative AFU showed significant low @entity5 -free survival not only in whole @entity1 group (mean 12.50 months vs.not reached; P < 0.01) but also in early- @entity157 (mean 10.25 months vs.not reached, P < 0.01) and AFP negative subgroups (mean 13.20 months vs not reached, P < 0.01). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed the AFU was an independent predictor for @entity5 recurrence (OR = 1.72, 95%CI:1.00-2.96, P = 0.04). The prospective validation data confirmed the predictive value of preoperative AFU in @entity157 (OR = 2.22, 95%CI:0.67-7.37, P = 0.04). Furthermore, @entity1 with high preoperative AFU were prone to have bigger @entity5 and form vascular invasion. CONCLUSION: Preoperative AFU is a powerful prognostic indicator for @entity157 and 25.00 U/L might be an optimal recurrence prediction cutoff value for @entity1 in Zhongshan hospital.

title: [Preoperative serum a-1-fucosidase as an early-recurrent indicator for XXXX following curative resection].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: The influence of dietary fiber on determinants of @entity209 is controversial. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of NUTRIOSE supplementation on insulin resistance and the determinants of @entity209 in overweight @entity1 . In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, we supplemented the diets of overweight Chinese @entity1 with 250  mL of fruit juice that contained NUTRIOSE (Test group: n = 60, age = 30.4     4.3  years, body mass index (BMI) = 24.5     0.2  kg  m-2) or a maltodextrin placebo ( CONTROL GROUP: n = 60, age = 31.6     4.1  years, BMI = 24.5     0.3  kg  m-2) at a dosage of 17 g twice daily for 12  weeks. Daily caloric intake, body composition, blood chemistry, and blood pressure were evaluated every 4  weeks during the trial. Test subjects consumed fewer calories per day and had greater reductions in body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and waist circumference than Control subjects. All markers of @entity413 metabolism improved in the Test group, with increases in adiponectin and reductions in @entity413 , insulin, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance, glycosylated hemoglobin, and glycated albumin (all p  < 0.01). Similarly, all lipid measures improved with increases in high-density lipoprotein @entity165 and reductions in total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , very low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , and @entity1674 (all p  < 0.01). No changes were observed in systolic blood pressure between groups. Most components of @entity413 metabolism and the lipid profile were significantly better in the Test than in the Control subjects. No adverse events or @entity344 were reported in either group. Supplementation with NUTRIOSE for 12  weeks is well tolerated, lowers insulin resistance, and improves determinants of @entity209 in overweight @entity1 .

title: NUTRIOSE dietary fiber supplementation improves insulin resistance and determinants of XXXX in overweight @entity1 : a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal complaints']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic syndrome']


abstract: The influence of dietary fiber on determinants of @entity209 is controversial. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of NUTRIOSE supplementation on insulin resistance and the determinants of @entity209 in overweight @entity1 . In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, we supplemented the diets of overweight Chinese @entity1 with 250  mL of fruit juice that contained NUTRIOSE (Test group: n = 60, age = 30.4     4.3  years, body mass index (BMI) = 24.5     0.2  kg  m-2) or a maltodextrin placebo ( CONTROL GROUP: n = 60, age = 31.6     4.1  years, BMI = 24.5     0.3  kg  m-2) at a dosage of 17 g twice daily for 12  weeks. Daily caloric intake, body composition, blood chemistry, and blood pressure were evaluated every 4  weeks during the trial. Test subjects consumed fewer calories per day and had greater reductions in body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and waist circumference than Control subjects. All markers of @entity413 metabolism improved in the Test group, with increases in adiponectin and reductions in @entity413 , insulin, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance, glycosylated hemoglobin, and glycated albumin (all p  < 0.01). Similarly, all lipid measures improved with increases in high-density lipoprotein @entity165 and reductions in total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , very low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , and @entity1674 (all p  < 0.01). No changes were observed in systolic blood pressure between groups. Most components of @entity413 metabolism and the lipid profile were significantly better in the Test than in the Control subjects. No adverse events or @entity344 were reported in either group. Supplementation with NUTRIOSE for 12  weeks is well tolerated, lowers insulin resistance, and improves determinants of @entity209 in overweight @entity1 .

title: NUTRIOSE dietary fiber supplementation improves insulin resistance and determinants of @entity209 in overweight XXXX : a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity129 during @entity787 are a known complication. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if significant changes in somatosensory evoked potentials and electroencephalography increase @entity129 during @entity787 . PROCEDURES: This is an observational retrospective case-control study analyzed with data collected from @entity1 who underwent @entity787 at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Five hundred and eighty-seven @entity1 were included in the final analysis. Due to the small number of @entity129 and the comparatively large number of potential covariates, we used a regression analysis with Bayesian shrinkage. FINDINGS: Analysis was performed on 587 @entity1 , of which a total of 11 (1.8%) cases of @entity129 were recorded. The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve was injured in nine (81%) @entity1 and hypoglossal nerve was injured in two (19%) @entity1 . Of the 11 @entity1 , 9 cases resolved by the time of discharge, the 2 cases that persisted both were @entity2123 . Multivariate analysis using Bayesian shrinkage showed that after adjusting for all risk factors only IOM changes increased the risk of @entity129 (OR 38.47, 95% CI 7.73, 191.42). CONCLUSIONS: @entity128 is 38 times more likely in @entity1 who experienced a change in IOM during @entity787 shunt. Future studies examining the effect of stretch and the degree of retraction on the CN might be more helpful in reducing @entity129 .

title: Risk factors for XXXX during carotid endarterectomy: A retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve deficits', 'Cranial nerve deficits']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2123 :: ('MESH:D020220', 'Disease') :: ['injuries to the facial nerve']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['Cranial nerve injury']

answer: @entity129 :: (MESH:D003389,Disease) :: ['cranial nerve deficits']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ( @entity1485 ) induces protective anticapsular IgG, which mediates disease immunity. IgG persistence may influence long-term protection. METHODS: An observational, prospective, longitudinal study of nasopharyngeal carriage among American Indian households from 2006 to 2008 evaluated long-term immunogenicity of 7-valent @entity1485 (PCV7). @entity1 unimmunized with @entity1485 were age-matched to those PCV7 immunized at least 4 years prior (ratio 1:3 or 1:4). Blood collected at the final study visit was analyzed for PCV7 serotype IgG (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and for functional activity (multiplex-opsonophagocytic assay) for serotypes 4, 6B, 14 and 23F. Geometric mean concentrations (GMCs), titers (GMTs) and the odds of serotype-specific IgG >= 0.35  g/mL were compared according to immunization status using a matched regression approach. RESULTS: Eight unimmunized and 28 immunized @entity1 age-matched at the time of serum collection (mean age: 7.9 years) were included. Serotype-specific GMCs, GMTs and proportions above the correlate of protection did not differ between the groups except for serotypes 14 and 23F. Serotype 14 GMCs (immunized 0.7 vs. unimmunized 0.2; P = 0.02) and serotype 23F GMTs (immunized 388.3 vs. unimmunized 47.8; P = 0.03) were significantly higher among immunized children. IgG concentrations and functional titers among immunized @entity1 were strongly correlated for serotypes 4 (r = 0.78; P  <= 0.001) and 14 (r = 0.52; P  <= 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1485 serotype-specific IgG concentrations 4 years following @entity1485 vaccination do not persist above natural levels for most serotypes. Exposure to pneumococcus may be critical in maintaining persistent serotype-specific IgG; the elimination of circulating vaccine type pneumococci by @entity1485 may have effects on long-term immunity.

title: Persistence of IgG antibody following routine XXXX immunization with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: 1. The lipids and @entity1718 of the lipids of testes of @entity35 aged 4 weeks to 6 months were separated and analysed. 2. A decrease in concentration of @entity412 was noted, but there was no significant change in the concentration of phospholipids, plasmalogen or @entity165 during this time. 3. There were no significant differences in the total lipid concentration of @entity7609 , @entity3106 , @entity4722 , @entity1426 and @entity71943 between the various age groups. 4. A decrease in the concentration of @entity3952 in the phosphatide and @entity412 fractions and an increase in the concentration of @entity23165 (characterized as the @entity21316 ,7,10,13,16-isomer) in @entity36150 but not in @entity412 were observed during the maturation period. 5. Histological studies indicated that the lipid changes occurred at the same time as the appearance and maturation of the spermatids.

title: Changes in lipid composition of the maturing XXXX testis.

entities_list: @entity3106 :: ('MESH:C031183', 'Chemical') :: ['stearic acid']

entities_list: @entity71943 :: ('CHEBI:61205', 'Chemical') :: ['docosatetraenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity36150 :: ('MESH:D010743', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatides']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity23165 :: ('MESH:C026219', 'Chemical') :: ['docosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acid']

entities_list: @entity7609 :: ('MESH:D019308', 'Chemical') :: ['palmitic acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity378 ( @entity378 ) is now a relatively uncommon disease in high income countries. As such, its diagnosis may be missed or delayed resulting in death before or shortly after the introduction of treatment. Whether early @entity204 is associated with increased @entity378 transmission is unknown. To determine the transmission risk attributable to early @entity204 we undertook a case-control study. METHODS: All adults who were: (1) diagnosed with culture-positive @entity1907 in the Province of Alberta, Canada between 1996 and 2012, and (2) died a @entity204 before or within the first 60 days of treatment, were identified. For each of these "cases" two sets of "controls" were randomly selected from among culture-positive @entity1907 cases that survived beyond 60 days of treatment. "Controls" were matched by age, sex, population group, +/- smear status. Secondary cases of "cases" and "controls" were identified using conventional and molecular epidemiologic tools and compared. In addition, new @entity281 were identified and compared in contacts of "cases" that died before treatment and contacts of their smear-matched "controls". Conditional logistic regression was used to find associations in both univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: "Cases" were as, but not more, likely than "controls" to transmit. This was so whether transmission was measured in terms of the number of "cases" and smear-unmatched or -matched "controls" that had a secondary case, the number of secondary cases that they had or the number of new @entity281 found in contacts of "cases" that died before treatment and their smear-matched "controls". CONCLUSION: In a low @entity378 incidence/low @entity645 prevalence country, @entity1907 @entity1 that die a @entity204 before or in the initial phase of treatment and @entity1907 @entity1 that survive beyond the initial phase of treatment are equally likely to transmit.

title: Is Early XXXX Death Associated with Increased @entity378 Transmission?

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis', 'TB']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['TB-related death', 'TB death']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary TB']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['Tuberculosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity378 ( @entity378 ) is now a relatively uncommon disease in high income countries. As such, its diagnosis may be missed or delayed resulting in death before or shortly after the introduction of treatment. Whether early @entity204 is associated with increased @entity378 transmission is unknown. To determine the transmission risk attributable to early @entity204 we undertook a case-control study. METHODS: All adults who were: (1) diagnosed with culture-positive @entity1907 in the Province of Alberta, Canada between 1996 and 2012, and (2) died a @entity204 before or within the first 60 days of treatment, were identified. For each of these "cases" two sets of "controls" were randomly selected from among culture-positive @entity1907 cases that survived beyond 60 days of treatment. "Controls" were matched by age, sex, population group, +/- smear status. Secondary cases of "cases" and "controls" were identified using conventional and molecular epidemiologic tools and compared. In addition, new @entity281 were identified and compared in contacts of "cases" that died before treatment and contacts of their smear-matched "controls". Conditional logistic regression was used to find associations in both univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: "Cases" were as, but not more, likely than "controls" to transmit. This was so whether transmission was measured in terms of the number of "cases" and smear-unmatched or -matched "controls" that had a secondary case, the number of secondary cases that they had or the number of new @entity281 found in contacts of "cases" that died before treatment and their smear-matched "controls". CONCLUSION: In a low @entity378 incidence/low @entity645 prevalence country, @entity1907 @entity1 that die a @entity204 before or in the initial phase of treatment and @entity1907 @entity1 that survive beyond the initial phase of treatment are equally likely to transmit.

title: Is Early @entity378 Death Associated with Increased XXXX Transmission?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['Tuberculosis']


abstract: During estrous cycle as well as during pregnancy and after treatment with @entity172 and/or @entity1420 uterine mucus secretory responses were studied as amount of @entity1735 released from everted @entity840 uteri after transmural nerve stimulation of @entity5402 administration. In estrous cycle both stimuli increased secretion by about 20% except for the late diestrus phase, when no secretory responses were seen. In pregnancy a secretory response was noted at implantation time. From mid pregnancy and onwards secretory responses of increasing magnitude were obtained. Secretory responses persisted post partum. Evidence of an adrenergic inhibitory influence on the neurogenic cholinergic responses during metestrus was noted. Both stimuli increased @entity1735 release by about 50% above resting level in uteri from animals receiving combined hormone treatment. In uteri of animals receiving @entity172 only the increase was about 20%. No definite secretory response was obtained in uteri from animals receiving @entity1420 only. It is suggested that both hormones are necessary for full cholinergic secretory response to nerve stimulation or muscarinic drugs. It is concluded that muscarinic stimulation of the endometrium results in mucus secretion during all crucial events during the reproductive cycle. Furthermore a cholinergic secretory innervation seems to be present at all these times.

title: Endometrial cholinergic secretory responses during estrous cycle, pregnancy and after XXXX and/or @entity1420 treatment of the @entity840 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: During estrous cycle as well as during pregnancy and after treatment with @entity172 and/or @entity1420 uterine mucus secretory responses were studied as amount of @entity1735 released from everted @entity840 uteri after transmural nerve stimulation of @entity5402 administration. In estrous cycle both stimuli increased secretion by about 20% except for the late diestrus phase, when no secretory responses were seen. In pregnancy a secretory response was noted at implantation time. From mid pregnancy and onwards secretory responses of increasing magnitude were obtained. Secretory responses persisted post partum. Evidence of an adrenergic inhibitory influence on the neurogenic cholinergic responses during metestrus was noted. Both stimuli increased @entity1735 release by about 50% above resting level in uteri from animals receiving combined hormone treatment. In uteri of animals receiving @entity172 only the increase was about 20%. No definite secretory response was obtained in uteri from animals receiving @entity1420 only. It is suggested that both hormones are necessary for full cholinergic secretory response to nerve stimulation or muscarinic drugs. It is concluded that muscarinic stimulation of the endometrium results in mucus secretion during all crucial events during the reproductive cycle. Furthermore a cholinergic secretory innervation seems to be present at all these times.

title: Endometrial cholinergic secretory responses during estrous cycle, pregnancy and after @entity172 and/or @entity1420 treatment of the XXXX .

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: During estrous cycle as well as during pregnancy and after treatment with @entity172 and/or @entity1420 uterine mucus secretory responses were studied as amount of @entity1735 released from everted @entity840 uteri after transmural nerve stimulation of @entity5402 administration. In estrous cycle both stimuli increased secretion by about 20% except for the late diestrus phase, when no secretory responses were seen. In pregnancy a secretory response was noted at implantation time. From mid pregnancy and onwards secretory responses of increasing magnitude were obtained. Secretory responses persisted post partum. Evidence of an adrenergic inhibitory influence on the neurogenic cholinergic responses during metestrus was noted. Both stimuli increased @entity1735 release by about 50% above resting level in uteri from animals receiving combined hormone treatment. In uteri of animals receiving @entity172 only the increase was about 20%. No definite secretory response was obtained in uteri from animals receiving @entity1420 only. It is suggested that both hormones are necessary for full cholinergic secretory response to nerve stimulation or muscarinic drugs. It is concluded that muscarinic stimulation of the endometrium results in mucus secretion during all crucial events during the reproductive cycle. Furthermore a cholinergic secretory innervation seems to be present at all these times.

title: Endometrial cholinergic secretory responses during estrous cycle, pregnancy and after @entity172 and/or XXXX treatment of the @entity840 .

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['progesterone']


abstract: In order to obtain some information about the state of hydration and possible haematological changes in @entity1 with delirium @entity14935 (grade 3) and related clinical states (grade 2) various clinico-chemical variables were measured at the time of admission and repeatedly until clinical recovery from the @entity716 state. In grade 3 @entity1 plasma protein concentration, blood haemoglobin concentration, blood haematocrit and erythrocyte count decreased between admission and recovery probably reflecting a slight haemodilution. The changes were all within the normal range for the variables and there was thus no indication of hypo- or hypervolemia. Delirium @entity14935 @entity1 without concomitant somatic diseases should not be routinely treated with intravenous fluid therapy. In grade 2 @entity1 no statistically significant changes occurred in the above mentioned variables. In the grade 3 @entity1 there was a dramatic (100%) increase in plasma @entity68 concentration between admission and the subsequent morning and this was probably related to the elimination of @entity1068 from the body. In grade 2 @entity1 , where the initial blood @entity167 concentration was lower than in grade 3 @entity1 , no change in plasma @entity68 concentration occurred. A statistically significant increase in reticulocyte count between admission and recovery in both grade 3 and grade 2 @entity1 probably reflected the recovery of haemopoietic tissue from the insult of the preceding @entity1068 intoxication. The same may be true for the prevailing anisocytosis, whereas the trend towards leucocytosis may be due to unspecific stress during the @entity1068 withdrawal reaction. The rapid changes in some of the clinico-chemical variables stress the importance of initiating investigational procedures immediately at the hour of admission.

title: Haematological changes and state of hydration during delirium XXXX and related clinical states.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

answer: @entity14935 :: (MESH:D000430,Disease) :: ['tremens']


abstract: PURPOSE: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery @entity1 participating in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) experience improvements in aerobic fitness, but there has been little study of outcomes for @entity340 ( @entity340 ) surgical @entity1 . The primary aims of this study were to evaluate baseline peak aerobic capacity for @entity340 @entity1 participating in CR and to compare outcomes between @entity340 and CABG @entity1 . METHODS: Five hundred seventy-six consecutive @entity1 who underwent @entity340 surgery (n = 125), @entity340 plus CABG surgery (n = 57), or CABG surgery (n = 394), all with classic sternotomy and enrolled in CR, were prospectively studied. Changes in outcomes were assessed for individuals who completed CR (n = 313). RESULTS: @entity340 @entity1 were significantly older and had a greater percentage of females than the CABG-only group. Combining @entity340 and @entity340 + CABG groups, @entity340 included 134 mitral, 39 aortic, and 8 combined abnormalities (mitral and aortic). For the entire cohort, the mean number of CR exercise sessions attended was 23.6    11.7. Peak @entity26 uptake ((Equation is included in full-text article.)) increased 19.5% from 17.4    4.4 to 20.8    5.5 mLO2  kg  min (P < .0001). Improvement in peak (Equation is included in full-text article.)with CR exercise training was similar between the 3 groups of @entity1 . Within the group of @entity1 who had @entity340 surgery, percentage change in peak (Equation is included in full-text article.)was not significantly different between the 3 types of @entity340 (ie, mitral [19.2%], aortic [24.4%], and mitral + aortic [21.9%]). CONCLUSIONS: @entity340 surgery @entity1 achieve similar improvement in aerobic fitness from participating in CR exercise training as individuals who had CABG. The observed improvements in aerobic fitness are similar, regardless of the type of @entity340 or whether CABG was performed concurrently.

title: Cardiac Rehabilitation After Heart Valve Surgery: COMPARISON WITH CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT XXXX .

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['HV', 'heart valve', 'valve abnormality', 'valvular disorders', 'valvular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity30 ( @entity30 ) usually recurs after intestinal resection; postoperative endoscopic monitoring and tailored treatment can reduce the chance of recurrence. We investigated whether monitoring levels of fecal calprotectin (FC) can substitute for endoscopic analysis of the mucosa. METHODS: We analyzed data collected from 135 @entity1 in a prospective, randomized, controlled trial, performed at 17 hospitals in Australia and 1 hospital in New Zealand, that assessed the ability of endoscopic evaluations and step-up treatment to prevent @entity30 recurrence after surgery. Levels of FC, serum levels of @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), and @entity30 activity index (CDAI) scores were measured before surgery and then at 6, 12, and 18 months after resection of all macroscopic @entity30 . Ileocolonoscopies were performed at 6 months after surgery in 90 @entity1 and at 18 months after surgery in all @entity1 . RESULTS: Levels of FC were measured in 319 samples from 135 @entity1 . The median FC level decreased from 1347  g/g before surgery to 166  g/g at 6 months after surgery, but was higher in @entity1 with disease recurrence (based on endoscopic analysis; Rutgeerts score, >= i2) than in @entity1 in remission (275 vs 72  g/g, respectively; P < .001). Combined 6- and 18-month levels of FC correlated with the presence (r  = 0.42; P < .001) and severity (r  = 0.44; P < .001) of @entity30 recurrence, but the @entity1851 level and CDAI score did not. Levels of FC greater than 100  g/g indicated endoscopic recurrence with 89% sensitivity and 58% specificity, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 91%; this means that colonoscopy could have been avoided in 47% of @entity1 . Six months after surgery, FC levels less than 51  g/g in @entity1 in endoscopic remission predicted maintenance of remission (NPV, 79%). In @entity1 with endoscopic recurrence at 6 months who stepped-up treatment, FC levels decreased from 324  g/g at 6 months to 180  g/g at 12 months and 109  g/g at 18 months. CONCLUSIONS: In this analysis of data from a prospective clinical trial, FC measurement has sufficient sensitivity and NPV values to monitor for @entity30 recurrence after intestinal resection. Its predictive value might be used to identify @entity1 most likely to relapse. After treatment for recurrence, the FC level can be used to monitor response to treatment. It predicts which @entity1 will have disease recurrence with greater accuracy than @entity1851 level or CDAI score.

title: Measurement of Fecal Calprotectin Improves Monitoring and Detection of Recurrence of XXXX After Surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, researches about @entity9834 ( @entity9834 ) are various, but long-term reviews assessing relevant complications after @entity9834 with considerable amount of case series are rare. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed a large series of 529 @entity1 undergoing @entity9834 to assess the long-term postoperative recovery, including @entity260 , retained symptoms, and quality of life. Finally, we assessed its associated risk factors related to @entity9834 @entity1 ' recovery in the long term. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up period of 36.8      8.8  months after @entity9834 , 402 (76.0  %) @entity1 underwent complete resolution. Frequent @entity294 (12.1  %) and recurrent omphalitis (5.9  %) were most commonly seen among other complications and retained symptoms within overall the @entity1 . We identified 1 (0.3  %) incision @entity547 and 1 (0.3  %) intra-abdominal abscess among overall the @entity1 , while 3 (0.8  %) common bile duct stones and 1 (0.3  %) @entity788 among the @entity1 with symptomatic @entity2963 during long-term review period. No significant differences were identified between @entity1 with symptomatic @entity2963 and @entity1127 when considering other incidences (all p  >  0.05). @entity1 undergoing @entity9834 with older age (p  =  0.023) or female gender (p  =  0.020) contributed to complete resolution. CONCLUSIONS: @entity9834 via traditional devices is feasible and safe with acceptable postoperative incidence rate in the long run. @entity1 with older age or female gender, who have no severe @entity262 , tend to benefit more from the surgical intervention.

title: Transumbilical XXXX : long-term review from a single center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9834 :: ('MESH:D017562', 'Disease') :: ['SILC', 'single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['biliary pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder polyps']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic diseases']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

answer: @entity9834 :: (MESH:D017562,Disease) :: ['single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy']


abstract: AIM: To assess the safety and efficacy of cold loop myomectomy applied to @entity162 to perform "one-step" myomectomy of @entity1868 with intramural involvement. METHODS: Seventy-two @entity1 with at least one symptomatic G1 or G2 @entity1868 (Wamsteker's classification) underwent cold loop myomectomy from January 2011 to January 2013. All surgical procedures were performed using a 26Fr resectoscope and bipolar energy source. At one month after the procedure, all @entity1 underwent an office hysteroscopy check-up. A subgroup of seven @entity249 @entity1 underwent an office hysteroscopy every two-weeks to evaluate recovery time of the myometrial fovea. RESULTS: Resectoscopic myomectomies were successfully performed in one surgical step in 70 out of 72 @entity1 without any significant complications. Overall, the mean diameter of resected @entity1868 was 32.2        9 mm. Median operative time was 34.2        24.1 min. Median fluid deficit was 761.22        480.34 ml. The fovea was almost completely restored (>80%) six weeks after surgery in six of the seven @entity249 @entity1 who underwent repeated follow-up office hysteroscopies every two weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Data from the present study show that the use of cold loops applied to @entity162 represent an effective, safe technique for "one-step" myomectomy of @entity1868 , allowing rapid recovery of the myometrial fovea.

title: Cold loops applied to XXXX : A safe "one-step" myomectomy for treatment of @entity1868 with intramural development.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar resectoscope']

entities_list: @entity1868 :: ('MESH:D009214', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal myomas', 'myomas', 'myoma', 'G1-G2 myomas']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertile']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar resectoscope']


abstract: AIM: To assess the safety and efficacy of cold loop myomectomy applied to @entity162 to perform "one-step" myomectomy of @entity1868 with intramural involvement. METHODS: Seventy-two @entity1 with at least one symptomatic G1 or G2 @entity1868 (Wamsteker's classification) underwent cold loop myomectomy from January 2011 to January 2013. All surgical procedures were performed using a 26Fr resectoscope and bipolar energy source. At one month after the procedure, all @entity1 underwent an office hysteroscopy check-up. A subgroup of seven @entity249 @entity1 underwent an office hysteroscopy every two-weeks to evaluate recovery time of the myometrial fovea. RESULTS: Resectoscopic myomectomies were successfully performed in one surgical step in 70 out of 72 @entity1 without any significant complications. Overall, the mean diameter of resected @entity1868 was 32.2        9 mm. Median operative time was 34.2        24.1 min. Median fluid deficit was 761.22        480.34 ml. The fovea was almost completely restored (>80%) six weeks after surgery in six of the seven @entity249 @entity1 who underwent repeated follow-up office hysteroscopies every two weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Data from the present study show that the use of cold loops applied to @entity162 represent an effective, safe technique for "one-step" myomectomy of @entity1868 , allowing rapid recovery of the myometrial fovea.

title: Cold loops applied to @entity162 : A safe "one-step" myomectomy for treatment of XXXX with intramural development.

answer: @entity1868 :: (MESH:D009214,Disease) :: ['submucosal myomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: Ipilimumab is a first-in-class immune checkpoint inhibitor approved for treatment of @entity320 but not studied in @entity1 until this phase I protocol. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: This study examined safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity, and immune correlates of ipilimumab administered to subjects <= 21 years old with recurrent or progressive @entity5 . Dose escalation cohorts received 1, 3, 5, or 10 mg/m(2) intravenously every 3 weeks in a 3 + 3 design. Response was assessed after 6 weeks and 12 weeks, and then every 3 months. Treatment was continued until disease progression or unacceptable @entity137 . RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 received 72 doses of ipilimumab. @entity1 enrolled had @entity320 (n = 12), @entity242 (n = 17), or other refractory @entity5 (n = 4). Immune-related adverse events included @entity788 , @entity55 , @entity1960 , @entity2744 , and transaminitis with dose-limiting @entity137 observed at 5 and 10 mg/kg dose levels. Pharmacokinetics revealed a half-life of 8 to 15 days. At day 21, subjects had increased levels of cycling T cells, but no change in regulatory T-cell populations. Six subjects had confirmed stable disease for 4 to 10 cycles ( @entity320 , @entity421 , @entity14495 , and @entity1352 ). CONCLUSIONS: Ipilimumab was safely administered to pediatric @entity1 using management algorithms for immune-related @entity137 . The spectrum of immune-related adverse events is similar to those described in adults; however, many of the pediatric @entity137 were evident after a single dose. Although no objective @entity5 regressions were observed with ipilimumab as a single agent, subjects with immune-related @entity137 had an increased overall survival compared with those who showed no evidence of breaking tolerance.

title: Phase I Clinical Trial of Ipilimumab in Pediatric @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'solid tumors']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2744 :: ('MESH:C567425', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinopathies']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity14495 :: ('MESH:D018227', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Advanced Solid Tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: Ipilimumab is a first-in-class immune checkpoint inhibitor approved for treatment of @entity320 but not studied in @entity1 until this phase I protocol. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: This study examined safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity, and immune correlates of ipilimumab administered to subjects <= 21 years old with recurrent or progressive @entity5 . Dose escalation cohorts received 1, 3, 5, or 10 mg/m(2) intravenously every 3 weeks in a 3 + 3 design. Response was assessed after 6 weeks and 12 weeks, and then every 3 months. Treatment was continued until disease progression or unacceptable @entity137 . RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 received 72 doses of ipilimumab. @entity1 enrolled had @entity320 (n = 12), @entity242 (n = 17), or other refractory @entity5 (n = 4). Immune-related adverse events included @entity788 , @entity55 , @entity1960 , @entity2744 , and transaminitis with dose-limiting @entity137 observed at 5 and 10 mg/kg dose levels. Pharmacokinetics revealed a half-life of 8 to 15 days. At day 21, subjects had increased levels of cycling T cells, but no change in regulatory T-cell populations. Six subjects had confirmed stable disease for 4 to 10 cycles ( @entity320 , @entity421 , @entity14495 , and @entity1352 ). CONCLUSIONS: Ipilimumab was safely administered to pediatric @entity1 using management algorithms for immune-related @entity137 . The spectrum of immune-related adverse events is similar to those described in adults; however, many of the pediatric @entity137 were evident after a single dose. Although no objective @entity5 regressions were observed with ipilimumab as a single agent, subjects with immune-related @entity137 had an increased overall survival compared with those who showed no evidence of breaking tolerance.

title: Phase I Clinical Trial of Ipilimumab in Pediatric XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laser lithotripsy of @entity3226 in tetraplegic subjects with long-term urinary catheters is fraught with complications because of @entity1494 , @entity281 , fragile urothelium, @entity1494 , and @entity12805 . Severe haematuria should be anticipated; failure to institute measures to minimise @entity548 and prevent clot retention can be catastrophic. We present an illustrative case. CASE PRESENTATION: A tetraplegic @entity1 underwent laser lithotripsy of vesical stone under general anaesthesia. During lithotripsy, severe @entity1494 and consequent rise in blood pressure occurred. Bleeding continued post-operatively resulting in clot retention. CT revealed clots within distended but intact bladder. Clots were sucked out and continuous @entity1494 was commenced. Bleeding persisted; @entity1 developed repeated clot retention. Cystoscopy was performed to remove clots. @entity1 developed @entity1661 . @entity1494 was suspected; bed-side ultrasound scan revealed @entity384 with mild peritoneal effusion; under-filled bladder containing small clot. @entity1 developed @entity1661 and ileus. Two days later, CT with oral positive contrast revealed intra-peritoneal haematoma at the dome of bladder with perforation at the site of haematoma. Free fluid was noted within the peritoneal cavity. This @entity1 was managed by gastric drainage and intravenous fluids. @entity1 's condition improved gradually with urethral catheter drainage. Follow-up CT revealed resolution of @entity1494 , perivesical haematoma, and intra-peritoneal free fluid. CONCLUSION: If @entity548 occurs, @entity1494 should be commenced immediately after surgery to prevent clot retention. When @entity1494 is suspected, CT of abdomen should be done instead of ultrasound scan, which may not reveal @entity1494 . It is debatable whether laparotomy and repair of @entity1494 is preferable to nonoperative management in tetraplegics. Anti-muscarinic drugs should be prescribed prior to lithotripsy to control @entity1494 ; @entity117 and @entity5018 should be omitted. If significant @entity548 occurs during lithotripsy, procedure should be stopped and rescheduled. Percutaneous cystolithotripsy using a wide channel could be quicker to clear stones, as larger fragments could be retrieved; lesser stimulant for triggering @entity12805 , as it avoids urethral manipulation. But in @entity1 with small, @entity1494 , and protuberant abdomen, percutaneous access to urinary bladder may be difficult and can result in @entity130 .

title: Complications and salvage options after laser lithotripsy for a XXXX in a tetraplegic @entity1 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity3226 :: ('MESH:D001744', 'Disease') :: ['vesical calculi']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder perforation', 'Bladder rupture', 'bladder spasms', 'bladder wall oedema', 'contracted bladder', 'bladder rupture', 'bladder irrigation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse small bowel dilatation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distension', 'massive abdominal distension']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity12805 :: ('MESH:D020211', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysreflexia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury to bowels']

answer: @entity3226 :: (MESH:D001744,Disease) :: ['vesical calculus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laser lithotripsy of @entity3226 in tetraplegic subjects with long-term urinary catheters is fraught with complications because of @entity1494 , @entity281 , fragile urothelium, @entity1494 , and @entity12805 . Severe haematuria should be anticipated; failure to institute measures to minimise @entity548 and prevent clot retention can be catastrophic. We present an illustrative case. CASE PRESENTATION: A tetraplegic @entity1 underwent laser lithotripsy of vesical stone under general anaesthesia. During lithotripsy, severe @entity1494 and consequent rise in blood pressure occurred. Bleeding continued post-operatively resulting in clot retention. CT revealed clots within distended but intact bladder. Clots were sucked out and continuous @entity1494 was commenced. Bleeding persisted; @entity1 developed repeated clot retention. Cystoscopy was performed to remove clots. @entity1 developed @entity1661 . @entity1494 was suspected; bed-side ultrasound scan revealed @entity384 with mild peritoneal effusion; under-filled bladder containing small clot. @entity1 developed @entity1661 and ileus. Two days later, CT with oral positive contrast revealed intra-peritoneal haematoma at the dome of bladder with perforation at the site of haematoma. Free fluid was noted within the peritoneal cavity. This @entity1 was managed by gastric drainage and intravenous fluids. @entity1 's condition improved gradually with urethral catheter drainage. Follow-up CT revealed resolution of @entity1494 , perivesical haematoma, and intra-peritoneal free fluid. CONCLUSION: If @entity548 occurs, @entity1494 should be commenced immediately after surgery to prevent clot retention. When @entity1494 is suspected, CT of abdomen should be done instead of ultrasound scan, which may not reveal @entity1494 . It is debatable whether laparotomy and repair of @entity1494 is preferable to nonoperative management in tetraplegics. Anti-muscarinic drugs should be prescribed prior to lithotripsy to control @entity1494 ; @entity117 and @entity5018 should be omitted. If significant @entity548 occurs during lithotripsy, procedure should be stopped and rescheduled. Percutaneous cystolithotripsy using a wide channel could be quicker to clear stones, as larger fragments could be retrieved; lesser stimulant for triggering @entity12805 , as it avoids urethral manipulation. But in @entity1 with small, @entity1494 , and protuberant abdomen, percutaneous access to urinary bladder may be difficult and can result in @entity130 .

title: Complications and salvage options after laser lithotripsy for a @entity3226 in a tetraplegic XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: Standard coagulation tests have a low specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing disseminated @entity5642 . The aim of this study was to determine whether whole blood thromboelastometry (TEM) detects lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced changes in coagulation. Blood samples from 10 @entity1707 were drawn at baseline, before and at the end of LPS infusion and 2, 3, 4 and 5 h after the start of endotoxinemia. Simultaneous to TEM, standard coagulation tests and extended coagulation analysis including tissue plasminogen activator ( @entity35373 ) and @entity25794 ( @entity25794 ) were performed. Endotoxinemia resulted in a significant acceleration of the nonactivated TEM (NATEM) clotting time 2 h after the end of LPS infusion; in contrast, the changes in international normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time suggested delayed @entity3459 . NATEM @entity4461 ( @entity4461 ) and fibrin-based thromboelastometry test (FIBTEM)- @entity4461 decreased significantly from baseline until the last time point (from 64.6    7.8 and 35.1    12.8 mm to 52.8    4.6 and 21.4    11.8 mm, respectively; P = 0.01 for both parameters). A sharp, transient increase of @entity35373 had no effect on maximum lysis in the NATEM test. @entity25794 increased significantly 3 h after the start of LPS infusion, paralleled by a decrease in maximum lysis. In conclusion, TEM was superior to standard coagulation tests in reflecting initial activation of coagulation during endotoxinemia. TEM further suggested consumption of coagulation substrate; at the same time, inhibition of plasminogen activation was accompanied by improved clot stability. Further investigations are necessary to establish the clinical relevance of these findings.

title: Thromboelastometry (TEM) findings in disseminated @entity5642 in a XXXX model of endotoxinemia.

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['initiation of coagulation']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity25794 :: ('396945(Tax:9823)', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor 1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['MCF', 'maximum clot firmness']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: Standard coagulation tests have a low specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing disseminated @entity5642 . The aim of this study was to determine whether whole blood thromboelastometry (TEM) detects lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced changes in coagulation. Blood samples from 10 @entity1707 were drawn at baseline, before and at the end of LPS infusion and 2, 3, 4 and 5 h after the start of endotoxinemia. Simultaneous to TEM, standard coagulation tests and extended coagulation analysis including tissue plasminogen activator ( @entity35373 ) and @entity25794 ( @entity25794 ) were performed. Endotoxinemia resulted in a significant acceleration of the nonactivated TEM (NATEM) clotting time 2 h after the end of LPS infusion; in contrast, the changes in international normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time suggested delayed @entity3459 . NATEM @entity4461 ( @entity4461 ) and fibrin-based thromboelastometry test (FIBTEM)- @entity4461 decreased significantly from baseline until the last time point (from 64.6    7.8 and 35.1    12.8 mm to 52.8    4.6 and 21.4    11.8 mm, respectively; P = 0.01 for both parameters). A sharp, transient increase of @entity35373 had no effect on maximum lysis in the NATEM test. @entity25794 increased significantly 3 h after the start of LPS infusion, paralleled by a decrease in maximum lysis. In conclusion, TEM was superior to standard coagulation tests in reflecting initial activation of coagulation during endotoxinemia. TEM further suggested consumption of coagulation substrate; at the same time, inhibition of plasminogen activation was accompanied by improved clot stability. Further investigations are necessary to establish the clinical relevance of these findings.

title: Thromboelastometry (TEM) findings in disseminated XXXX in a @entity1707 model of endotoxinemia.

answer: @entity5642 :: (MESH:D004211,Disease) :: ['intravascular coagulation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 seek @entity1058 ( @entity1058 ) treatments for a variety of @entity1576 , e.g., @entity565 and @entity1729 ( @entity1729 ). No previous studies have reviewed the data available in medical records from Australian clinics. This study aims to identify the characteristics of @entity1 with @entity1576 who visited a @entity1058 teaching clinic at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia. METHODS: Primary data from January 2010 to December 2011 were collected from @entity1 records in a @entity1058 teaching clinic at RMIT University. @entity1 data, including demographics, primary complaint, clinical history, lifestyle, @entity1058 treatment, and adverse events, were analyzed with descriptive statistics and the Chi square test using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS: From 1677 clinical records we identified 261 @entity1 with @entity1576 . The @entity1 made a total of 842 visits (mean: 3.2 visits/ @entity1 ; range: 1-34 visits) during the study period. The mean age of the @entity1 was 38.5      17.9  years, and the majority were female (65.5  %). The most common @entity1576 were @entity1729 (27.8  %), cough (20.8  %), @entity2023 or @entity2023 (18.6  %), sinus congestion (11.2  %), and @entity565 (7.6  %). Acupuncture was given at almost all visits (97.5  %) and was frequently combined with herbs (64.0  %). Fifteen adverse events were reported, but none were considered severe. CONCLUSION: In the @entity1058 teaching clinic, respiratory conditions were a common presenting complaint of @entity1 , and were safely treated with a combination of acupuncture and herbs.

title: Management of XXXX in a @entity1058 teaching clinic in Australia: review of clinical records.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'People']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['hay fever', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['URTI', 'upper respiratory tract infection']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disorders']

entities_list: @entity1058 :: ('MESH:C562377', 'Disease') :: ['Chinese medicine', 'CM']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 seek @entity1058 ( @entity1058 ) treatments for a variety of @entity1576 , e.g., @entity565 and @entity1729 ( @entity1729 ). No previous studies have reviewed the data available in medical records from Australian clinics. This study aims to identify the characteristics of @entity1 with @entity1576 who visited a @entity1058 teaching clinic at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia. METHODS: Primary data from January 2010 to December 2011 were collected from @entity1 records in a @entity1058 teaching clinic at RMIT University. @entity1 data, including demographics, primary complaint, clinical history, lifestyle, @entity1058 treatment, and adverse events, were analyzed with descriptive statistics and the Chi square test using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS: From 1677 clinical records we identified 261 @entity1 with @entity1576 . The @entity1 made a total of 842 visits (mean: 3.2 visits/ @entity1 ; range: 1-34 visits) during the study period. The mean age of the @entity1 was 38.5      17.9  years, and the majority were female (65.5  %). The most common @entity1576 were @entity1729 (27.8  %), cough (20.8  %), @entity2023 or @entity2023 (18.6  %), sinus congestion (11.2  %), and @entity565 (7.6  %). Acupuncture was given at almost all visits (97.5  %) and was frequently combined with herbs (64.0  %). Fifteen adverse events were reported, but none were considered severe. CONCLUSION: In the @entity1058 teaching clinic, respiratory conditions were a common presenting complaint of @entity1 , and were safely treated with a combination of acupuncture and herbs.

title: Management of @entity1576 in a XXXX teaching clinic in Australia: review of clinical records.

answer: @entity1058 :: (MESH:C562377,Disease) :: ['Chinese medicine']


abstract: PURPOSE: Previous aortic valve replacement (AVR) is considered to be an independent risk factor for late acute @entity1580 (AAAD). However, the predictors of late AAAD at the time of AVR have not been characterized. METHODS: A total of 285 @entity1 who underwent isolated AVR were followed for 7.6    8.1 years (mean    SD). These 285 @entity1 were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 275 @entity1 who did not develop late aortic complications after AVR, and group B consisted of 10 @entity1 (3.5%) who developed late AAAD after AVR. RESULTS: The mean time interval between initial AVR and developing late AAAD was 6.1    5.2 years. The diameter of the ascending aorta at the time of AVR was significantly greater in group B than those of group A (47.7    4.6 vs. 35.6    6.3 mm; P < 0.001). Univariate analysis identified other predictors as well: @entity337 (P = 0.029), systemic @entity101 (P < 0.001), thinning or fragility of the aortic wall (P < 0.001), and male sex (P = 0.039). CONCLUSION: @entity337 combined with systemic @entity101 , male sex, and thinned or fragile aortic walls in @entity1 with ascending @entity384 (>= 45 mm diameter) at the time of AVR may be predisposing factors for postsurgical aortic complications. These @entity1 should be considered for concomitant replacement of the ascending aorta unless the @entity1 has a high operative risk or older age.

title: Risk factor analysis for acute XXXX after aortic valve replacement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dilatation']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic regurgitation', 'aortic regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['type A aortic dissection']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['type A aortic dissection']


abstract: The effects of intravenously administered @entity3303 on the cerebral cortical energy state and glycolytic metabolism were studied in @entity35 . In one series, @entity35 were divided into five groups according to EEG patterns, i.e., control, desynchronized, synchronized, @entity410 (1-min duration) and recovery groups. With @entity3303 infusion (0.75 mg/min), there were no significant changes from the control group in the cerebral energy state except for a modest increase in @entity1734 (PCr) in the @entity410 group and a small decrease in @entity857 in the non- @entity410 groups. The cerebral energy charge remained unchanged. Lactate and @entity2388 significantly decreased in the non- @entity410 groups. In a second series, @entity35 were divided into five groups, i.e., control, @entity3303 @entity410 groups (5-min duration, 1.5 mg/min) at @entity13147 , normocapnia and @entity2944 , and a @entity1027 (1.2 mg/kg) @entity410 group. The metabolic changes during @entity3303 @entity410 were essentially the same as those observed in the @entity410 group in the first series. However, the increase in PCr during @entity3303 @entity410 was significant only in the hypocapnic and the normocapnic groups. @entity1027 -induced @entity410 were accompanied by a significant decrease in high energy @entity6546 . In summary, neither a non- @entity410 nor- @entity410 dose of @entity3303 caused any reduction in the cerebral energy charge nor was there any evidence of increased anaerobic metabolism in the cerebral cortex during @entity3303 -induced @entity410 .

title: Cerebral energy state and glycolytic metabolism during XXXX infusion in the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1734 :: ('CHEBI:17287', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphocreatine']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity1027 :: ('MESH:D001640', 'Chemical') :: ['Bicuculline', 'bicuculline']

entities_list: @entity6546 :: ('MESH:D010710', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphates']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity13147 :: ('MESH:D016857', 'Disease') :: ['hypocapnia']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: The effects of intravenously administered @entity3303 on the cerebral cortical energy state and glycolytic metabolism were studied in @entity35 . In one series, @entity35 were divided into five groups according to EEG patterns, i.e., control, desynchronized, synchronized, @entity410 (1-min duration) and recovery groups. With @entity3303 infusion (0.75 mg/min), there were no significant changes from the control group in the cerebral energy state except for a modest increase in @entity1734 (PCr) in the @entity410 group and a small decrease in @entity857 in the non- @entity410 groups. The cerebral energy charge remained unchanged. Lactate and @entity2388 significantly decreased in the non- @entity410 groups. In a second series, @entity35 were divided into five groups, i.e., control, @entity3303 @entity410 groups (5-min duration, 1.5 mg/min) at @entity13147 , normocapnia and @entity2944 , and a @entity1027 (1.2 mg/kg) @entity410 group. The metabolic changes during @entity3303 @entity410 were essentially the same as those observed in the @entity410 group in the first series. However, the increase in PCr during @entity3303 @entity410 was significant only in the hypocapnic and the normocapnic groups. @entity1027 -induced @entity410 were accompanied by a significant decrease in high energy @entity6546 . In summary, neither a non- @entity410 nor- @entity410 dose of @entity3303 caused any reduction in the cerebral energy charge nor was there any evidence of increased anaerobic metabolism in the cerebral cortex during @entity3303 -induced @entity410 .

title: Cerebral energy state and glycolytic metabolism during @entity3303 infusion in the XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Current guidelines recommend using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), @entity787 ( @entity787 ) testing and cytology to manage incidental @entity788 ( @entity788 ); however, studies suggest a strategy including integrated molecular pathology (IMP) of cyst fluid may further aid in predicting risk of @entity5 . Here, we evaluate several strategies for diagnosing and managing asymptomatic @entity788 using healthcare economic modeling. @entity1 AND METHODS: A third-party-payer perspective Markov decision model examined four management strategies in a hypothetical cohort of 1000 asymptomatic @entity1 incidentally found to have a 3cm solitary @entity660 . Strategy I used cross-sectional imaging, recommended surgery only if symptoms or risk factors emerged. Strategy II considered @entity1 for resection without initial EUS.Strategy III (EUS+ @entity787 +Cytology) referred only those with @entity45 ( @entity787 >192ng/mL) for resection. Strategy IV implemented IMP; a commercially available panel provided a "Benign," "Mucinous," or "Aggressive" classification based on the level of mutational change in cyst fluid. "Benign" and "Mucinous" @entity1 were followed with surveillance; "Aggressive" @entity1 were referred for resection. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALY), relative risk with 95%CI, Number Needed to Treat (NNT), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated. RESULTS: Strategy IV provided the greatest increase in QALY at nearly identical cost to the cheapest approach, Strategy I. Relative risk of @entity5 compared to the current standard of care and nearest competing strategy, Strategy III, was 0.18 (95%CI 0.06-0.53) with an NNT of 56 (95%CI 34-120). CONCLUSIONS: Use of IMP was the most cost-effective strategy, supporting its routine clinical use.

title: Managing incidental XXXX with integrated molecular pathology is a cost-effective strategy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['PCN', 'pancreatic cystic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cystic lesion']

entities_list: @entity787 :: ('1084', 'Gene') :: ['carcinoembryonic antigen', 'CEA']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous cysts']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cystic neoplasms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: the study was aimed at assessment of the efficacy of percutaneous high frequency selective rhizotomy (PHFSR) after failure of conservative treatment of @entity4254 ( @entity4254 ) in @entity15 ( @entity15 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 28 @entity1 with @entity4254 associated with @entity15 who underwent percutaneous rhizotomy in the period from 2000 to 2014 was performed. All @entity1 were definitely diagnosed with @entity15 according to the McDonald criteria (version of 2001, 2005, and 2010). The @entity1 were divided by age, gender, and the trigeminal nerve branches involved in the process. The @entity1 ' condition was evaluated at different times after surgery. RESULTS: Good outcomes in the form of @entity158 syndrome regression were achieved in 100% of the @entity1 . A disease recurrence was observed in 6 (21%) @entity1 during a follow-up period of 3 months to 14 years. Dysesthesia complications occurred in 4 (14%) @entity1 . There were no deaths and severe complications. The percentage of minor complications was low. CONCLUSION: These data confirm that PHFSR is a safe, repeatable, and effective method of symptomatic neurosurgical treatment of @entity4254 associated with @entity15 and may be recommended in the case of failure/intolerance of medication.

title: [Experience in the use of high-frequency selective percutaneous rhizotomy in XXXX associated with @entity15 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['TN', 'trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity4254 :: (MESH:D014277,Disease) :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: the study was aimed at assessment of the efficacy of percutaneous high frequency selective rhizotomy (PHFSR) after failure of conservative treatment of @entity4254 ( @entity4254 ) in @entity15 ( @entity15 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 28 @entity1 with @entity4254 associated with @entity15 who underwent percutaneous rhizotomy in the period from 2000 to 2014 was performed. All @entity1 were definitely diagnosed with @entity15 according to the McDonald criteria (version of 2001, 2005, and 2010). The @entity1 were divided by age, gender, and the trigeminal nerve branches involved in the process. The @entity1 ' condition was evaluated at different times after surgery. RESULTS: Good outcomes in the form of @entity158 syndrome regression were achieved in 100% of the @entity1 . A disease recurrence was observed in 6 (21%) @entity1 during a follow-up period of 3 months to 14 years. Dysesthesia complications occurred in 4 (14%) @entity1 . There were no deaths and severe complications. The percentage of minor complications was low. CONCLUSION: These data confirm that PHFSR is a safe, repeatable, and effective method of symptomatic neurosurgical treatment of @entity4254 associated with @entity15 and may be recommended in the case of failure/intolerance of medication.

title: [Experience in the use of high-frequency selective percutaneous rhizotomy in @entity4254 associated with XXXX ].

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity5 were reported to benefit from adding @entity900 -based concurrent chemotherapy to two-dimensional conventional radiotherapy. But this benefit becomes uncertain in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era, owing to its significant advantage. METHODS: We enrolled 661 low risk (T1N1M0, T2N0-1M0 or T3N0M0, the 2010 UICC/AJCC staging system) @entity1 who underwent IMRT with or without concurrent chemotherapy. Particularly, @entity1 with IMRT alone or IMRT plus @entity900 -based concurrent chemotherapy were equally matched using propensity-score matching method. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), distant @entity3 -free survival (DMFS) and locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS) were assessed with Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox regression. RESULTS: Among 661 @entity1 , IMRT alone achieved parallel @entity1349 (P = 0.379), DMFS (P = 0.169) and LRFS (P = 0.849) to IMRT plus concurrent chemotherapy. In the propensity-matched cohort of 482 @entity1 , similar survival were observed between both arms (4-years @entity1349 97.4% vs 96.1%, P = 0.134; DMFS 96.5% vs 95.1%, P = 0.763; LRFS 93.8% vs 91.5%, P = 0.715). In multivariate analysis, @entity900 -based concurrent chemotherapy did not lower the risk of @entity204 , distant @entity3 or locoregional relapse. And this association remained unchanged in subgroups by age, sex, histology and stage. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, low risk @entity189 @entity1 who underwent IMRT could not benefit from @entity900 -based concurrent chemotherapy.

title: Propensity score matching analysis of XXXX -based concurrent chemotherapy in low risk @entity189 in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy era.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity5 were reported to benefit from adding @entity900 -based concurrent chemotherapy to two-dimensional conventional radiotherapy. But this benefit becomes uncertain in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era, owing to its significant advantage. METHODS: We enrolled 661 low risk (T1N1M0, T2N0-1M0 or T3N0M0, the 2010 UICC/AJCC staging system) @entity1 who underwent IMRT with or without concurrent chemotherapy. Particularly, @entity1 with IMRT alone or IMRT plus @entity900 -based concurrent chemotherapy were equally matched using propensity-score matching method. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), distant @entity3 -free survival (DMFS) and locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS) were assessed with Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox regression. RESULTS: Among 661 @entity1 , IMRT alone achieved parallel @entity1349 (P = 0.379), DMFS (P = 0.169) and LRFS (P = 0.849) to IMRT plus concurrent chemotherapy. In the propensity-matched cohort of 482 @entity1 , similar survival were observed between both arms (4-years @entity1349 97.4% vs 96.1%, P = 0.134; DMFS 96.5% vs 95.1%, P = 0.763; LRFS 93.8% vs 91.5%, P = 0.715). In multivariate analysis, @entity900 -based concurrent chemotherapy did not lower the risk of @entity204 , distant @entity3 or locoregional relapse. And this association remained unchanged in subgroups by age, sex, histology and stage. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, low risk @entity189 @entity1 who underwent IMRT could not benefit from @entity900 -based concurrent chemotherapy.

title: Propensity score matching analysis of @entity900 -based concurrent chemotherapy in low risk XXXX in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy era.

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: In 1978 and 1979, eight sporadic cases of @entity55 were observed in the Berne and Ticino areas of Switzerland. In all cases the diagnosis was established serologically using indirect immunofluorescence. Seroconversion was observed in five @entity1 . In three cases initially high antibody titers decreased progressively. The clinical picture was characterized by acute onset with high fever, frequent chills, and dry cough. Occasional concomitant symptoms included @entity158 , @entity10 , @entity158 , @entity1353 , hemoptysis, and @entity344 . Laboratory findings showed markedly increased BSR as well as slightly increased WBC with a pronounced shift to the left. In all cases, X-ray examinations demonstrated extended, mainly unilateral and often remarkedly peripheral infiltrations of the lung. On the basis of the clinical course, two groups could be distinguished: (a) non-complicated cases of @entity55 with rapid improvement within 2-3 weeks; and (b) cases with a protracted sometimes severe course with persistence of the infiltrations up to 4 months and more. All @entity1 with a protracted course suffered from concomitant symptoms. Whereas none of the @entity1 died of @entity2115 , two @entity1 died six months later from their underlying disease. Most @entity1 were treated with several antibiotics. In three @entity1 definite improvement occurred only after therapy had been changed to @entity3403 . @entity2929 , currently recommended as the drug of choice, was used in none of these cases.

title: [Clinical data on Legionnaires' disease. Report on 8 sporadic cases of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['Legionella pneumonia', 'pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['Erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal and central nervous symptoms']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic pain', 'muscular pains']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity2115 :: ('MESH:D007876', 'Disease') :: ['legionellosis']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['Legionella pneumonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: One hypothesis to explain the high rate of @entity1239 and @entity167 ( @entity1068 [ @entity167 ]) co-abuse is that these drugs have enhanced rewarding effects when taken together. The goal of this work was to use the conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure to determine whether @entity1239 would enhance the development of @entity167 -induced CPP. METHODS: The conditioned rewarding effects of @entity1239 (1 or 2  mg/kg of @entity1239 tartrate), @entity167 (1  g/kg), and @entity1239 plus @entity167 in combination were assessed using a well-established CPP procedure chosen specifically for examining alterations in the development of @entity167 -induced CPP by @entity1239 . In addition, the reference dose procedure was used to directly compare the conditioned rewarding effect of @entity167 versus @entity1239 plus @entity167 . DBA/2J @entity19 were used because they are an inbred strain that has repeatedly been shown to develop CPP to @entity167 . RESULTS: Neither dose of @entity1239 alone produced CPP, whereas @entity167 did, using the standard @entity167 CPP procedure. The magnitude of @entity167 -induced CPP was not affected by co-administration of 1  mg/kg @entity1239 , but 2  mg/kg @entity1239 interfered with the development of @entity167 -induced CPP. Using the reference dose procedure, there was no significant preference or aversion for either @entity1239  +  @entity167 dose combination versus @entity167 alone. However, combined @entity1239 and @entity167 had a larger effect on locomotor activity, during the conditioning trials, compared to their additive effect when given alone, consistent with previous data. CONCLUSIONS: These data do not support the hypothesis that @entity1239 enhances the conditioned rewarding effect of @entity167 . This finding differs from the combined locomotor stimulant effects of @entity1239 and @entity167 that were observed in this study and in our previously published work, and suggests that combined stimulant effects of @entity1239 and @entity167 do not predict enhanced reward.

title: XXXX enhances the locomotor stimulating but not the conditioned rewarding effect of @entity1068 in DBA/2J @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'EtOH']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

answer: @entity1239 :: (MESH:D009538,Chemical) :: ['Nicotine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: One hypothesis to explain the high rate of @entity1239 and @entity167 ( @entity1068 [ @entity167 ]) co-abuse is that these drugs have enhanced rewarding effects when taken together. The goal of this work was to use the conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure to determine whether @entity1239 would enhance the development of @entity167 -induced CPP. METHODS: The conditioned rewarding effects of @entity1239 (1 or 2  mg/kg of @entity1239 tartrate), @entity167 (1  g/kg), and @entity1239 plus @entity167 in combination were assessed using a well-established CPP procedure chosen specifically for examining alterations in the development of @entity167 -induced CPP by @entity1239 . In addition, the reference dose procedure was used to directly compare the conditioned rewarding effect of @entity167 versus @entity1239 plus @entity167 . DBA/2J @entity19 were used because they are an inbred strain that has repeatedly been shown to develop CPP to @entity167 . RESULTS: Neither dose of @entity1239 alone produced CPP, whereas @entity167 did, using the standard @entity167 CPP procedure. The magnitude of @entity167 -induced CPP was not affected by co-administration of 1  mg/kg @entity1239 , but 2  mg/kg @entity1239 interfered with the development of @entity167 -induced CPP. Using the reference dose procedure, there was no significant preference or aversion for either @entity1239  +  @entity167 dose combination versus @entity167 alone. However, combined @entity1239 and @entity167 had a larger effect on locomotor activity, during the conditioning trials, compared to their additive effect when given alone, consistent with previous data. CONCLUSIONS: These data do not support the hypothesis that @entity1239 enhances the conditioned rewarding effect of @entity167 . This finding differs from the combined locomotor stimulant effects of @entity1239 and @entity167 that were observed in this study and in our previously published work, and suggests that combined stimulant effects of @entity1239 and @entity167 do not predict enhanced reward.

title: @entity1239 enhances the locomotor stimulating but not the conditioned rewarding effect of XXXX in DBA/2J @entity19 .

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']