abstract: @entity73 in @entity195 ( @entity195 ) @entity1 is associated with a decline in the levels of growth factors, impairment of axonal transport and marked degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs). Neurogenesis persists in the adult @entity1 brain, and the stimulation of regenerative processes in the CNS is an attractive prospect for neuroreplacement therapy in @entity179 such as @entity195 . Currently, it is still not clear how the pathophysiological environment in the @entity195 brain affects stem cell biology. Previous studies investigating the effects of the b-amyloid (Ab) peptide on neurogenesis have been inconclusive, since both neurogenic and @entity2359 effects on progenitor cell populations have been reported. In this study, we treated pluripotent @entity1 embryonic stem (hES) cells with @entity4150 ( @entity4150 ) as well as with fibrillar and oligomeric Ab1-40 and Ab1-42 (nM-  M concentrations) and thereafter studied the differentiation in vitro during 28-35 days. The process applied real time quantitative PCR, immunocytochemistry as well as functional studies of intracellular @entity460 signaling. Treatment with @entity4150 promoted the differentiation into functionally mature BFCNs. In comparison to untreated cells, oligomeric Ab1-40 increased the number of functional neurons, whereas oligomeric Ab1-42 suppressed the number of functional neurons. Interestingly, oligomeric Ab exposure did not influence the number of hES cell-derived neurons compared with untreated cells, while in contrast fibrillar Ab1-40 and Ab1-42 induced gliogenesis. These findings indicate that Ab1-42 oligomers may impair the function of stem cell-derived neurons. We propose that it may be possible for future @entity195 therapies to promote the maturation of functional stem cell-derived neurons by altering the brain microenvironment with trophic support and by targeting different aggregation forms of Ab.

title: -amyloid 1-42 oligomers impair function of hu XXXX mbryonic stem cell-derived forebrain cholinergic neurons.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity4150 :: ('4803', 'Gene') :: ['nerve growth factor', 'NGF']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxic']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity573 is the leading cause of pediatric acquired @entity299 in many industrialized countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of @entity573 in acute stages in Taiwan, by linking the diagnosis code to medication and comparing the differences in epidemiological features with those of previous reports that used the diagnosis code alone. METHODS: We searched the National Health Insurance Research Database from 1997 to 2010. For the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision ( @entity1479 -9) set, all inpatients with a main diagnosis of @entity573 ( @entity1479 -9, 446.1) were retrieved. For the @entity1479 -9  +  intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) set, @entity573 in acute stages was defined as the disease stages requiring IVIG. The epidemiologic features were calculated and compared by both methods. RESULTS: The incidence rates for @entity1 under 5 years ranged from 21.5 to 68.5 per 100,000 @entity1 -years (average 49.1) for the @entity1479 -9  +  IVIG set and from 48.5 to 82.8 per 100,000 @entity1 -years (average 74.9) for the @entity1479 -9 set. Significant discrepancy in peak season estimation occurred in summer. The 5-year recurrence rate was 1.1% for the @entity1479 -9  +  IVIG set and 4.5% for the @entity1479 -9 set. The coronary complication rates were around 7.24% ( @entity1479 -9  +  IVIG) and 6.48% ( @entity1479 -9). CONCLUSION: Discrepancies occurred when different case definitions were used in claims data analysis. Previous reports might have overestimated the incidence, recurrence rate, and complication rate in older @entity1 . The new method might slightly underestimate them. The true incidence might lie in between.

title: Epidemiologic features of XXXX in acute stages in Taiwan, 1997-2010: Effect of different case definitions in claims data analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'person']

entities_list: @entity573 :: ('MESH:C537014', 'Disease') :: ['Kawasaki disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

answer: @entity573 :: (MESH:C537014,Disease) :: ['Kawasaki disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the invasiveness of xenografts on @entity1573 embryo @entity231 ( @entity231 ) after @entity71879 ( @entity71879 ) gene transfection. METHODS: Fresh @entity1567 tissues were minced into 1-2 mm3 and transplanted on the @entity231 . There were three groups named as control group (Empt), plasma transfection group (Lipo), and @entity71879 gene transfection group (P). The specimens were respectively investigated by microscope indifferent spots after implanting. The volume of the xenografts and the weight of xenografts in the termination time of the experiment were recorded. The invasiveness of xenografts was divided into four grades by pathological examination. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate @entity47003 ( @entity47003 ) and @entity71879 protein in xenografts. RESULTS: @entity1567 tissues can survive on @entity231 and the @entity5 cells may invade it on 5-7 days after implanting. At 9 d after implanting, the invasiveness grades in P group were 7 in grade 0, 1 in grade 2, 0 in grade 3. The expression of @entity71879 protein in P group was significantly higher than that in Empt group (P < 0.05). The expression of @entity47003 protein in P group was lower than that in Empt group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The @entity5 model of @entity1 @entity1567 on @entity231 was successfully established. The invasiveness of @entity1567 xenografts was suppressed might be due to @entity71879 gene transfection.

title: [Suppression to @entity1567 xenografts of @entity1573 embryo XXXX by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2].

entities_list: @entity1567 :: ('MESH:D000564', 'Disease') :: ['ameloblastoma', 'Ameloblastoma']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['CAM', 'chorioallantoic membrane']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'xenotransplanted tumor']

entities_list: @entity71879 :: ('374178(Tax:9031)', 'Gene') :: ['tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2', 'TIMP-2']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['chorioallantoic membrane']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the invasiveness of xenografts on @entity1573 embryo @entity231 ( @entity231 ) after @entity71879 ( @entity71879 ) gene transfection. METHODS: Fresh @entity1567 tissues were minced into 1-2 mm3 and transplanted on the @entity231 . There were three groups named as control group (Empt), plasma transfection group (Lipo), and @entity71879 gene transfection group (P). The specimens were respectively investigated by microscope indifferent spots after implanting. The volume of the xenografts and the weight of xenografts in the termination time of the experiment were recorded. The invasiveness of xenografts was divided into four grades by pathological examination. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate @entity47003 ( @entity47003 ) and @entity71879 protein in xenografts. RESULTS: @entity1567 tissues can survive on @entity231 and the @entity5 cells may invade it on 5-7 days after implanting. At 9 d after implanting, the invasiveness grades in P group were 7 in grade 0, 1 in grade 2, 0 in grade 3. The expression of @entity71879 protein in P group was significantly higher than that in Empt group (P < 0.05). The expression of @entity47003 protein in P group was lower than that in Empt group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The @entity5 model of @entity1 @entity1567 on @entity231 was successfully established. The invasiveness of @entity1567 xenografts was suppressed might be due to @entity71879 gene transfection.

title: [Suppression to @entity1567 xenografts of XXXX embryo @entity231 by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2].

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the invasiveness of xenografts on @entity1573 embryo @entity231 ( @entity231 ) after @entity71879 ( @entity71879 ) gene transfection. METHODS: Fresh @entity1567 tissues were minced into 1-2 mm3 and transplanted on the @entity231 . There were three groups named as control group (Empt), plasma transfection group (Lipo), and @entity71879 gene transfection group (P). The specimens were respectively investigated by microscope indifferent spots after implanting. The volume of the xenografts and the weight of xenografts in the termination time of the experiment were recorded. The invasiveness of xenografts was divided into four grades by pathological examination. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate @entity47003 ( @entity47003 ) and @entity71879 protein in xenografts. RESULTS: @entity1567 tissues can survive on @entity231 and the @entity5 cells may invade it on 5-7 days after implanting. At 9 d after implanting, the invasiveness grades in P group were 7 in grade 0, 1 in grade 2, 0 in grade 3. The expression of @entity71879 protein in P group was significantly higher than that in Empt group (P < 0.05). The expression of @entity47003 protein in P group was lower than that in Empt group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The @entity5 model of @entity1 @entity1567 on @entity231 was successfully established. The invasiveness of @entity1567 xenografts was suppressed might be due to @entity71879 gene transfection.

title: [Suppression to XXXX xenografts of @entity1573 embryo @entity231 by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2].

answer: @entity1567 :: (MESH:D000564,Disease) :: ['ameloblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This prospective study was to observe the correlation between the @entity1829 's height of single implant-supported maxillary central incisor and the distance from the base of the contact point to the alveolar bone crest. METHODS: 56 @entity1 involved in single implant-supported maxillary central incisor were included in this study. The distances from the base of the contact point to the alveolar bone crest in the digital periapical film of maxillary central incisor were measured using the software Planmeca Dimaxis Version 3.3.2. The time of measurements were as follows: The pre-surgical and post-surgical periods, before and after the crown installation, the follow-up examination of more than 0.5 year. To analyze the factor of influencing distance, and the correlation between the distance and the height of @entity2522 during the whole restored period. Correlation analysis between the distance and the height of @entity2522 during the whole restoration was done by the statistical software SPSS 12.0. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that the ratio of esthetic papilla can achieve 54.5% at the crown installation and 95.5% at the follow-up examination when the distance was between 3 mm and 5 mm. When the distance was between 5 mm and 6 mm, they dropped to 30.0% and 75.0%, respectively. However, when the distance increased to above 7 mm, the papilla could hardly be in an esthetic outcome. There was a significant change of the distance was found during the periods from the post-surgery to pre-restoration, and the scope of the changes was between -0.13 mm and 0.46 mm. A negative correlation was found between the distance and the index of papilla. The correlation coefficient r was -0.715 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: It is proposed that the pre-surgery distance of maxillary central incisor from the base of the contact point to the alveolar bone crest can be used as one of the important reference indexes to assess and predict the height conditions of @entity2522 .

title: [Assessment research on the inter-proximal XXXX height of single implant-supported maxillary central incisor].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingival papilla']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['mesial papilla']

answer: @entity1829 :: (MESH:D010211,Disease) :: ['mesial papilla']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity11 represent a heterogeneous group of primary high-grade @entity1313 , and the optimal postoperative treatment remains controversial. In this report, we present our institutional data on the clinical outcomes of @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) plus temozolomide ( @entity1161  +  TMZ) for @entity11 , stratified by histology and 1p/19q codeletion. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A single-institution retrospective review was conducted of @entity1 with supratentorial @entity3271 ( @entity3271 ), mixed @entity816 ( @entity816 ), and @entity816 ( @entity816 ). After surgery, @entity1161 was delivered at a median total dose of 60  Gy (range, 31.6-63  Gy) in daily fractions. All @entity1 received standard concurrent TMZ, with or without adjuvant TMZ. Histological/molecular subtypes were defined as codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , and @entity816 . RESULTS: From 2000 to 2012, 111 cases met study criteria and were evaluable. Codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 had superior @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) to non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 (91% vs 68% at 5  years, respectively, P=.02), whereas progression-free survival (PFS) was not significantly different (70% vs 46% at 5  years, respectively, P=.10). @entity816 had inferior @entity1349 to non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 (37% vs 68% at 5  years, respectively, P=.007) and inferior PFS (27% vs 46%, respectively, P=.03). On multivariate analysis, age, performance status, and histological or molecular subtype were independent predictors for both PFS and @entity1349 . Compared to historical controls, @entity1161  +  TMZ provided comparable @entity1349 to @entity1161 with procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine ( @entity1161  +  @entity1485 ) for codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , superior @entity1349 to @entity1161 alone for non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , and similar @entity1349 to @entity1161 alone for @entity816 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1161  +  TMZ may be a promising treatment for both codeleted and non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , but its role for @entity816 remains unclear.

title: Impact of 1p/19q codeletion and histology on outcomes of XXXX treated with @entity1161 and temozolomide.

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic gliomas', 'Anaplastic  gliomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['AOA', 'anaplastic astrocytoma', 'anaplastic oligoastrocytoma', 'AA']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['AO', 'anaplastic oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['anaplastic gliomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity11 represent a heterogeneous group of primary high-grade @entity1313 , and the optimal postoperative treatment remains controversial. In this report, we present our institutional data on the clinical outcomes of @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) plus temozolomide ( @entity1161  +  TMZ) for @entity11 , stratified by histology and 1p/19q codeletion. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A single-institution retrospective review was conducted of @entity1 with supratentorial @entity3271 ( @entity3271 ), mixed @entity816 ( @entity816 ), and @entity816 ( @entity816 ). After surgery, @entity1161 was delivered at a median total dose of 60  Gy (range, 31.6-63  Gy) in daily fractions. All @entity1 received standard concurrent TMZ, with or without adjuvant TMZ. Histological/molecular subtypes were defined as codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , and @entity816 . RESULTS: From 2000 to 2012, 111 cases met study criteria and were evaluable. Codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 had superior @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) to non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 (91% vs 68% at 5  years, respectively, P=.02), whereas progression-free survival (PFS) was not significantly different (70% vs 46% at 5  years, respectively, P=.10). @entity816 had inferior @entity1349 to non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 (37% vs 68% at 5  years, respectively, P=.007) and inferior PFS (27% vs 46%, respectively, P=.03). On multivariate analysis, age, performance status, and histological or molecular subtype were independent predictors for both PFS and @entity1349 . Compared to historical controls, @entity1161  +  TMZ provided comparable @entity1349 to @entity1161 with procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine ( @entity1161  +  @entity1485 ) for codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , superior @entity1349 to @entity1161 alone for non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , and similar @entity1349 to @entity1161 alone for @entity816 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1161  +  TMZ may be a promising treatment for both codeleted and non-codeleted @entity3271 / @entity816 , but its role for @entity816 remains unclear.

title: Impact of 1p/19q codeletion and histology on outcomes of @entity11 treated with XXXX and temozolomide.

answer: @entity1161 :: (MESH:D011832,Disease) :: ['radiation therapy']


abstract: A method is described for the simultaneous determination of major glucocorticoids in @entity291 plasma, that is, @entity701 , @entity2819 and @entity821 , which includes @entity1172 by high-pressure liquid chromatography and measurement using a UV detector (254 nm). Chromatography on the Zorbax CN column is carried out with the eluent system, that is, @entity1045 / @entity1068 (=87/13 v/v). First, @entity619 was selected as the best internal standard under the previously mentioned conditions. The calibration curves for the glucocorticoids were all clearly linear. The recoveries for each 5 ng of added @entity701 , @entity2819 and @entity821 were 96.7 +/- 3.2%, 100.4 +/- 2.3% and 96.1 +/- 2.2%, respectively. The reproducibility of @entity701 was good and its coefficient of variation of intraassay was small (2.7%), whereas such coefficient was not so in @entity2819 (7.7%) and @entity821 (7.3%). This appears to be due to low concentrations of @entity2819 and @entity821 in the plasma. Specificity of this method to each glucocorticoid was ascertained using plasma from adrenalectomized wethers. In addition, the correlation coefficient between measurements of @entity701 by radioimmunoassay and those by this method was 0.978. In conclusion, the method described in this paper appears to be satisfactory for the simultaneous quantification of plasma glucocorticoids.

title: [Simultaneous determination of glucocorticoids in XXXX plasma by high-pressure liquid chromatography].

entities_list: @entity821 :: ('MESH:D003348', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisone']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1172 :: ('MESH:D001010', 'Disease') :: ['separation']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the sensitivity and utility of multiphase pulsed arterial @entity7959 labeling (PASL) in detecting dynamic changes of cerebral perfusion in the presence of a @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ) severe @entity850 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 with severe stenoses in unilateral M1 segment of @entity2500 were involved in this study. All @entity1 underwent multiphase PASL imaging. Bilateral basal ganglia were drawn by hand as regions of interest (ROIs) on eight-phase images of each @entity1 . The signal intensities of ROIs were measured and the @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) were acquired through postprocessing on a magnetic resonance workstation. Whether there was a significant difference in the peak signal intensities of ROIs between the narrowed and normal sides was determined by the paired samples t test. RESULTS: Three types of @entity1054 were observed: eight cases with platform type, five cases with two-peak type, and four cases with single-peak type. There was a significant difference in the peak signal intensities of ROIs between the narrowed and normal sides. CONCLUSIONS: Different types of @entity1054 represent different cerebral hemodynamic changes. Multiphase PASL can sensitively detect the dynamic characteristics of cerebral perfusion and provide important dynamic perfusion information for clinical treatment of @entity2791 .

title: Multiphase Arterial XXXX Labeling Assessment of Cerebral Perfusion Changes Associated with @entity2500 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery', 'MCA']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['arterial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['time-intensity curves', 'TICs']

answer: @entity7959 :: (10927,Gene) :: ['Spin']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the sensitivity and utility of multiphase pulsed arterial @entity7959 labeling (PASL) in detecting dynamic changes of cerebral perfusion in the presence of a @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ) severe @entity850 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 with severe stenoses in unilateral M1 segment of @entity2500 were involved in this study. All @entity1 underwent multiphase PASL imaging. Bilateral basal ganglia were drawn by hand as regions of interest (ROIs) on eight-phase images of each @entity1 . The signal intensities of ROIs were measured and the @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) were acquired through postprocessing on a magnetic resonance workstation. Whether there was a significant difference in the peak signal intensities of ROIs between the narrowed and normal sides was determined by the paired samples t test. RESULTS: Three types of @entity1054 were observed: eight cases with platform type, five cases with two-peak type, and four cases with single-peak type. There was a significant difference in the peak signal intensities of ROIs between the narrowed and normal sides. CONCLUSIONS: Different types of @entity1054 represent different cerebral hemodynamic changes. Multiphase PASL can sensitively detect the dynamic characteristics of cerebral perfusion and provide important dynamic perfusion information for clinical treatment of @entity2791 .

title: Multiphase Arterial @entity7959 Labeling Assessment of Cerebral Perfusion Changes Associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity2500 :: (MESH:D020244,Disease) :: ['Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The demand for vaccines against @entity66 has enforced the research and development of @entity778 -like particle (VLP) based vaccine candidates in recent years. Significant progress has been made in increasing VLP titres during upstream processing in bacteria, @entity375 and insect cells. Considering downstream processing, the separation of host cell impurities is predominantly achieved by time-intensive ultracentrifugation processes or numerous chromatography and filtration steps. In this work, we evaluate the potential of an alternative separation technology for VLPs: aqueous two-phase extraction ( @entity7257 ). The benefits of @entity7257 have been demonstrated for various biomolecules, but capacity and separation efficiency were observed to be low for large biomolecules such as VLPs or viruses. Both performance parameters were examined in detail in a case study on @entity1 B19 parvovirus-like particles derived from Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 insect cells. A solubility-guided approach enabled the design of @entity691 ( @entity970 ) salt aqueous two-phase systems with a high capacity of up to 4.1mg/mL VLPs. Unique separation efficiencies were obtained by varying the molecular weight of @entity970 , the pH value and by using neutral salt additives. Further improvement of the separation of host cell impurities was achieved by multi-stage @entity7257 on a centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) device in 500mL scale. While single-stage @entity7257 enabled a DNA clearance of 99.6%, multi-stage @entity7257 improved the separation of host cell proteins (HCPs). The HPLC purity ranged from 16.8% (100% VLP recovery) for the single-stage @entity7257 to 69.1% (40.1% VLP recovery) for the multi-stage @entity7257 . An alternative two-step downstream process is presented removing the ATPS forming polymer, cell debris and 99.77% DNA with a HPLC purity of 90.6% and a VLP recovery of 63.9%.

title: Downstream processing of XXXX -like particles: Single-stage and multi-stage aqueous two-phase extraction.

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['untreated diseases']

answer: @entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['virus']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: The beneficial effect of nonselective beta-blockers (NSBB) has recently been questioned in @entity1 with end-stage @entity82 . We analysed the impact of NSBB on outcomes in severe @entity99 ( @entity99 ). METHODS: This study was based on a prospective database of @entity1 with severe, biopsy-proven @entity99 . @entity1 admitted from July, 2006 to July, 2014 were retrospectively studied. @entity1 were divided into two groups (with and without NSBB) and assessed for the occurrence of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) and transplant-free mortality during a 168-day follow-up period. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-nine @entity1 were included, the mean Maddrey score was 71      34 and 86 @entity1 (61.9%) developed @entity810 . Forty-eight @entity1 (34.5%) received NSBB. The overall 168-day transplant-free mortality was 50.5% (95%CI, 41.3-60.0%). The overall 168-day cumulative incidence of @entity810 was 61.9% (95%CI, 53.2-69.4%). When compared, @entity1 with NSBB had a lower heart rate (65      13 vs 92      12, P  <  0.0001) and a lower mean arterial pressure (MAP, 78      3 vs 87      5, P  <  0.0001). @entity1 with NSBB had comparable MELD scores, Maddrey scores, and medical histories. The 168-day transplant-free mortality was 56.8% (95%CI, 41.3-69.7%) in @entity1 with NSBB and 46.7% (95%CI, 35.0-57.6%) without NSBB (P  =  0.25). The 168-day cumulative incidence of @entity810 was 89.6% (95%CI, 74.9-95.9%) with NSBB compared to 50.4% (95%CI: 39.0-60.7) for no NSBB (P  =  0.0001). The independent factors predicting @entity810 were a higher MELD score and the presence of NSBB. CONCLUSIONS: The use of NSBB in @entity1 with severe @entity99 is independently associated with a higher cumulative incidence of @entity810 .

title: The use of beta-blockers is associated with the occurrence of @entity810 in severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['Acute Kidney Injury', 'AKI']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic hepatitis', 'AH']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['alcoholic hepatitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: The beneficial effect of nonselective beta-blockers (NSBB) has recently been questioned in @entity1 with end-stage @entity82 . We analysed the impact of NSBB on outcomes in severe @entity99 ( @entity99 ). METHODS: This study was based on a prospective database of @entity1 with severe, biopsy-proven @entity99 . @entity1 admitted from July, 2006 to July, 2014 were retrospectively studied. @entity1 were divided into two groups (with and without NSBB) and assessed for the occurrence of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) and transplant-free mortality during a 168-day follow-up period. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-nine @entity1 were included, the mean Maddrey score was 71      34 and 86 @entity1 (61.9%) developed @entity810 . Forty-eight @entity1 (34.5%) received NSBB. The overall 168-day transplant-free mortality was 50.5% (95%CI, 41.3-60.0%). The overall 168-day cumulative incidence of @entity810 was 61.9% (95%CI, 53.2-69.4%). When compared, @entity1 with NSBB had a lower heart rate (65      13 vs 92      12, P  <  0.0001) and a lower mean arterial pressure (MAP, 78      3 vs 87      5, P  <  0.0001). @entity1 with NSBB had comparable MELD scores, Maddrey scores, and medical histories. The 168-day transplant-free mortality was 56.8% (95%CI, 41.3-69.7%) in @entity1 with NSBB and 46.7% (95%CI, 35.0-57.6%) without NSBB (P  =  0.25). The 168-day cumulative incidence of @entity810 was 89.6% (95%CI, 74.9-95.9%) with NSBB compared to 50.4% (95%CI: 39.0-60.7) for no NSBB (P  =  0.0001). The independent factors predicting @entity810 were a higher MELD score and the presence of NSBB. CONCLUSIONS: The use of NSBB in @entity1 with severe @entity99 is independently associated with a higher cumulative incidence of @entity810 .

title: The use of beta-blockers is associated with the occurrence of XXXX in severe @entity99 .

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute kidney injury']


abstract: The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNPR) has previously been shown to undergo tissue @entity39 following @entity159 induced by @entity15945 in the @entity35 . Even if the @entity35 is ventilated, the SNPR develops @entity39 if the @entity302 period lasts more than 30 min. @entity35 brains were frozen in situ after 20 and 60 min of @entity410 activity and after 60 min of @entity410 activity followed by 60 min recovery. Labile energy metabolites were then analyzed in the SNPR and in the periaqueductal grey matter (PAG, control region). In the PAG, the metabolite changes during @entity159 were similar to those reported for cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Measurements showed an unchanged @entity855 content and energy charge (97% and 98% of control, respectively) and an accumulation of @entity880 to 9.2 +/- 0.6 mumol/g in the 60-min group. In the PAG, all metabolites measured had returned to control values after 60 min of recovery. In the SNPR, the perturbation of the energy metabolites was much more pronounced during @entity159 . The concentration of @entity855 decreased to 75 +/- 3%, the energy charge to 91% +/- 12% and the adenylate pool to 86.7 +/- 5.7% of control. @entity880 accumulated to concentrations of 16.1 +/- 1.8 mumol/g and 24.9 +/- 2.3 mumol/g in the 20-min and 60-min groups, respectively. The concentration of @entity880 was still increased above control after 60 min recovery, whereas the concentration of @entity855 and the energy charge were lower than control. The findings demonstrate that sustained and intense neuronal activation can cause @entity209 and thereby lead to @entity39 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Metabolic alterations underlying the development of @entity39 in the substantia nigra in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disturbance']

entities_list: @entity15945 :: ('MESH:D005481', 'Chemical') :: ['flurothyl']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['Lactate', 'lactate']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity159 :: (MESH:D013226,Disease) :: ['status epilepticus']


abstract: The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNPR) has previously been shown to undergo tissue @entity39 following @entity159 induced by @entity15945 in the @entity35 . Even if the @entity35 is ventilated, the SNPR develops @entity39 if the @entity302 period lasts more than 30 min. @entity35 brains were frozen in situ after 20 and 60 min of @entity410 activity and after 60 min of @entity410 activity followed by 60 min recovery. Labile energy metabolites were then analyzed in the SNPR and in the periaqueductal grey matter (PAG, control region). In the PAG, the metabolite changes during @entity159 were similar to those reported for cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Measurements showed an unchanged @entity855 content and energy charge (97% and 98% of control, respectively) and an accumulation of @entity880 to 9.2 +/- 0.6 mumol/g in the 60-min group. In the PAG, all metabolites measured had returned to control values after 60 min of recovery. In the SNPR, the perturbation of the energy metabolites was much more pronounced during @entity159 . The concentration of @entity855 decreased to 75 +/- 3%, the energy charge to 91% +/- 12% and the adenylate pool to 86.7 +/- 5.7% of control. @entity880 accumulated to concentrations of 16.1 +/- 1.8 mumol/g and 24.9 +/- 2.3 mumol/g in the 20-min and 60-min groups, respectively. The concentration of @entity880 was still increased above control after 60 min recovery, whereas the concentration of @entity855 and the energy charge were lower than control. The findings demonstrate that sustained and intense neuronal activation can cause @entity209 and thereby lead to @entity39 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Metabolic alterations underlying the development of XXXX in the substantia nigra in @entity159 .

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['hypermetabolic necrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous research has suggested that @entity1 meeting criteria for @entity4225 ( @entity4225 ) display altered self-related information processing. However, experimental studies on dysfunctional self-referential information processing in @entity4225 are rare. In this study, @entity4225 @entity1 (N = 30) and healthy control @entity1 (N = 30) judged positive, neutral, and negative words in terms of emotional valence. Referential processing was manipulated by a preceding self-referential pronoun, an other-referential pronoun, or no referential context. Subsequently, @entity1 and @entity1 completed a free recall and recognition task. @entity4225 @entity1 judged positive and neutral words as more negative than healthy control @entity1 when the words had self-reference or no reference. In @entity4225 @entity1 , these biases were significantly correlated with self-reported attributional style, particularly for negative events, but unrelated to measures of depressive mood. However, @entity4225 @entity1 did not differ from healthy control @entity1 in a subsequent free recall task and a recognition task. Our findings point to a negative evaluation bias for positive, self-referential information in @entity4225 . This bias did not affect the storage of information in memory, but may be related to self-attributions of negative events in everyday life in @entity4225 .

title: Negative Evaluation Bias for Positive Self-Referential Information in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['borderline personality disorder', 'BPD']

answer: @entity4225 :: (MESH:D001883,Disease) :: ['Borderline Personality Disorder']


abstract: In growing animals, requirements for many nutrients (and energy) are determined by the retention of these nutrients. During growth, this retention changes in an absolute way and also between nutrients and energy, resulting in changing nutrient requirements. The objective of this study was to describe the changes in chemical composition in male growing @entity233 . The serial slaughter technique was used to determine the composition of @entity1522 , lipid, ash, and water in feather-free body (FFB) and feathers in male @entity233 offered feed ad libitum from 1 to 15 wk of age. Allometric relations were used to describe changes in body composition. The feather content in the body decreased from 6% at 1 wk of age to less than 3% at 15 wk of age. The water and protein content in FFB decreased with increasing FFB mass, with allometric scalars (b) of, respectively, 0.967 and 0.970, whereas the lipid content increased with increasing FFB mass (b = 1.388). The water, protein, and ash content in fat-free FFB was constant and represented, respectively, 71.6, 24.2, and 4.2% of the fat-free FFB mass. The @entity535 content of FFB protein was relatively constant and only the @entity2569 content decreased between 1 and 15 wk of age, whereas the Ile content increased. Feathers were mostly composed of protein, and the protein content did not change during growth. During growth, the Lys, Met, Trp, His, Tyr, @entity2574 , and @entity367 contents in feather protein decreased, whereas the @entity2569 , @entity2596 , and Ser contents increased. The contribution of feathers to whole-body @entity535 retention ranged from 5% for His to 33% for @entity2569 . On average, the weight gain of FFB contained 21.3% protein and 12.7% lipid, corresponding to an energy content of 10.1 kJ/g. The weight gain of feathers contained 87.4% protein, corresponding to an energy content of 20.4 kJ/g. The results of the present study can be used in a factorial approach to determine nutrient requirements in growing @entity233 .

title: Changes in chemical composition in male XXXX during growth.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['turkeys']


abstract: The medical consequences of elevated @entity165 are widely known, as are the medical regimens to control and manage it. At the same time, elevated @entity165 is bereft of bodily signs. Being symptomless places the condition in a no @entity1 's land: @entity1 with elevated @entity165 are assessed as medically sick but their bodies signal wellness. In this article I refer to this ambiguous grey area, betwixt and between being healthy and being sick, as liminal space . The aim of this article is to show how @entity1 manage the symptomless condition of elevated @entity165 in liminal space. Particular attention is paid to everyday medical reasoning in that space. Based on interviews with @entity1 with elevated @entity165 , I show that medical regimens are 'up against' - challenged by - a variety of competing conditions in everyday life, illustrating ambiguity. Facing this dilemma between medicine and everyday life, they ongoingly need to navigate - edit, modify, adjust - medical regimens against everyday conditions. This navigating work can be seen as ritualized strategies to sort ambiguity. @entity1 with elevated @entity165 do not so much act 'against medical regimens' as they simultaneously need to take account of other matters they are up against in trying to stay healthy. Medical regimens are sometimes central, sometimes peripheral. Adapting medical regimens to the situation at hand, @entity1 continuously comply with medical regimens, producing and reproducing medical regimens in moral contexts of everyday life.

title: 'I take a small amount of the real product': Elevated XXXX and everyday medical reasoning in liminal space.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'People', 'man']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of a proactive surveillance program on functional access rate at the time of first dialysis. METHODS: In January 2010, a proactive surveillance program to intercept failures to mature was set up at the University Hospitals Leuven. @entity1 receiving an @entity2548 ( @entity2548 ) for pre-dialysis @entity454 between January 2010 and May 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary end-point was a functional @entity2548 at first dialysis. Also, @entity2548 - associated complications and reinterventions were analyzed. Furthermore, primary, assisted primary and secondary patency rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-four @entity1 were included in the study. @entity1 were followed until first dialysis. Median follow-up time was 287 days (interquartile range, 108-551 days). During follow-up, 40 @entity1 (24.4%) needed one or more additional interventions, resulting in 60 reinterventions. Ten @entity1 needed dialysis within the minimal accepted maturation period of the @entity2548 (4 weeks). Of the 154 @entity1 who could await the maturation period of the @entity2548 , 145 (94.2%) appeared ready for use at the time of dialysis or at the end of the study period. In 34 of them (22%), this was thanks to one or more interventions during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: A dedicated surveillance program of @entity1 with AVFs in the pre-dialysis stadium detects failure to mature. Close @entity15285 and proactive intervention can aid the @entity1 in his own " @entity292 first" project.

title: Proactive surveillance approach to guarantee a functional XXXX at first dialysis is worth.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['AVF', 'arteriovenous fistula']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity2548 :: (MESH:D001164,Disease) :: ['arteriovenous fistula']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the outcomes of the prenatal diagnosis of @entity1757 in fetuses referred for prenatal imaging with a finding of @entity1276 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a retrospective review of fetuses with a diagnostic code of @entity1757 from a larger prospective study. Four hundred twenty-five pregnant @entity1 with 433 fetuses referred for @entity1276 were imaged with ultrasound and MRI between July 1, 2003, and May 15, 2009. Four to six radiologists independently reviewed sonographic and MR images and recorded lateral ventricular diameters at the atrium and frontal horns, ventricular configuration, and the presence of @entity149 . Final prenatal ultrasound, MRI, and overall diagnoses were decided by consensus. Fetuses with a diagnostic code of @entity1757 were identified, and birth outcome, autopsy findings, postnatal imaging, and postnatal follow-up examinations were obtained. The analysis of covariance, controlling for gestational age, was used to compare ventricular dimensions between fetuses with @entity1757 and fetuses with isolated @entity1276 . Interrater agreement for the detection of @entity1757 was assessed with kappa statistics. Interrater agreement and intrarater agreement for frontal horn measurements were assessed by variance components analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-three fetuses had @entity1757 and 229 had isolated @entity1276 . Atrial and frontal horn diameters, adjusted for gestational age, were 77% and 98% larger, respectively, in fetuses with @entity1757 than in fetuses with isolated @entity1276 (p < 0.0001). Before the consensus conference, agreement among ultrasound readers was moderate (k = 0.54) and among MR readers, good (k = 0.69). Additional CNS findings were seen on MRI in 12 of 23 fetuses (52%). Eleven pregnancies with @entity1757 underwent termination and 12 progressed to livebirth; of the 12 livebirths, three neonates died. Neurodevelopmental follow-up was abnormal in all surviving @entity1 . CONCLUSION: A septal leaflet abnormality in the setting of @entity1276 is most frequently associated with other @entity149 and is associated with @entity851 .

title: Outcome of fetuses with cerebral XXXX and septum pellucidum leaflet abnormalities.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['postnatal developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['ventriculomegaly']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['CNS abnormalities', 'ventriculomegaly and of other CNS abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['septal leaflet abnormalities']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['ventriculomegaly']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Risk factors for @entity788 ( @entity788 ) are not well understood. The aim of this systematic review was to assess if @entity6 , smoking, @entity167 use, and family history of @entity5 are risk factors for @entity788 . METHODS: MEDLINE and abstracts from the European and North American @entity5 Societies (ENETS and NANETS) were searched for studies published until October 2013. Eligible studies were selected according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. RESULTS: Five studies evaluating 4 individual populations were included (study accrual period 2000-2011) into the meta-analysis, involving 827 cases (range 160-309 per study) and 2,407 controls (range 233-924 per study). All studies had a case-control design and described regional series. The pooled adjusted odds ratio was 2.74 (95% CI: 1.63-4.62; p < 0.01; I(2) = 60.4%) for history of @entity6 , 1.21 (95% CI: 0.92-1.58; p = 0.18; I(2) = 45.8%) for ever smoking, 1.37 (95% CI: 0.99-1.91; p = 0.06; I(2) = 0.0%) for heavy smoking, 1.09 (95% CI: 0.64-1.85; p = 0.75; I(2) = 85.2%) for ever @entity167 use, 2.72 (95% CI: 1.25-5.91; p = 0.01; I(2) = 57.8%) for heavy @entity167 use, and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.64-2.85; p < 0.01; I(2) = 0.0%) for first-degree family history of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 and first-degree family history of @entity5 are associated with an increased risk of @entity6196 . There was also a trend for diagnosis of @entity6196 associated with heavy smoking. @entity167 use may be a risk factor for @entity6196 , but there was considerable heterogeneity in the meta-analysis. These results suggest the need for a larger, homogeneous, international study for the clarification of risk factors for the occurrence of @entity6196 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: @entity6 , Smoking, @entity167 Use, and Family History of Cancer as Risk Factors for XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['PNET', 'sporadic PNET']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors', 'PNETs']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus', 'Diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Neuroendocrine Tumor']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Risk factors for @entity788 ( @entity788 ) are not well understood. The aim of this systematic review was to assess if @entity6 , smoking, @entity167 use, and family history of @entity5 are risk factors for @entity788 . METHODS: MEDLINE and abstracts from the European and North American @entity5 Societies (ENETS and NANETS) were searched for studies published until October 2013. Eligible studies were selected according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. RESULTS: Five studies evaluating 4 individual populations were included (study accrual period 2000-2011) into the meta-analysis, involving 827 cases (range 160-309 per study) and 2,407 controls (range 233-924 per study). All studies had a case-control design and described regional series. The pooled adjusted odds ratio was 2.74 (95% CI: 1.63-4.62; p < 0.01; I(2) = 60.4%) for history of @entity6 , 1.21 (95% CI: 0.92-1.58; p = 0.18; I(2) = 45.8%) for ever smoking, 1.37 (95% CI: 0.99-1.91; p = 0.06; I(2) = 0.0%) for heavy smoking, 1.09 (95% CI: 0.64-1.85; p = 0.75; I(2) = 85.2%) for ever @entity167 use, 2.72 (95% CI: 1.25-5.91; p = 0.01; I(2) = 57.8%) for heavy @entity167 use, and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.64-2.85; p < 0.01; I(2) = 0.0%) for first-degree family history of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 and first-degree family history of @entity5 are associated with an increased risk of @entity6196 . There was also a trend for diagnosis of @entity6196 associated with heavy smoking. @entity167 use may be a risk factor for @entity6196 , but there was considerable heterogeneity in the meta-analysis. These results suggest the need for a larger, homogeneous, international study for the clarification of risk factors for the occurrence of @entity6196 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: @entity6 , Smoking, XXXX Use, and Family History of Cancer as Risk Factors for @entity788 : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['Alcohol']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Risk factors for @entity788 ( @entity788 ) are not well understood. The aim of this systematic review was to assess if @entity6 , smoking, @entity167 use, and family history of @entity5 are risk factors for @entity788 . METHODS: MEDLINE and abstracts from the European and North American @entity5 Societies (ENETS and NANETS) were searched for studies published until October 2013. Eligible studies were selected according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. RESULTS: Five studies evaluating 4 individual populations were included (study accrual period 2000-2011) into the meta-analysis, involving 827 cases (range 160-309 per study) and 2,407 controls (range 233-924 per study). All studies had a case-control design and described regional series. The pooled adjusted odds ratio was 2.74 (95% CI: 1.63-4.62; p < 0.01; I(2) = 60.4%) for history of @entity6 , 1.21 (95% CI: 0.92-1.58; p = 0.18; I(2) = 45.8%) for ever smoking, 1.37 (95% CI: 0.99-1.91; p = 0.06; I(2) = 0.0%) for heavy smoking, 1.09 (95% CI: 0.64-1.85; p = 0.75; I(2) = 85.2%) for ever @entity167 use, 2.72 (95% CI: 1.25-5.91; p = 0.01; I(2) = 57.8%) for heavy @entity167 use, and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.64-2.85; p < 0.01; I(2) = 0.0%) for first-degree family history of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 and first-degree family history of @entity5 are associated with an increased risk of @entity6196 . There was also a trend for diagnosis of @entity6196 associated with heavy smoking. @entity167 use may be a risk factor for @entity6196 , but there was considerable heterogeneity in the meta-analysis. These results suggest the need for a larger, homogeneous, international study for the clarification of risk factors for the occurrence of @entity6196 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: XXXX , Smoking, @entity167 Use, and Family History of Cancer as Risk Factors for @entity788 : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intubation injury resulting in laryngeal pathology is recognised as a possible complication of @entity600 , yet few published studies have examined such pathology and its relation to voice outcomes. This study reports on the results of prospective laryngeal function examinations of a cohort of very preterm @entity1 , all of whom presented with significant @entity7364 at school age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The laryngeal pathology of 20 very preterm @entity1 , born between 23 and 29 weeks gestation, was examined under halogen and stroboscopic conditions. Laryngeal structure and function were assessed using a rigid laryngoscope or a flexible nasendoscope. The approach was selected based on the age and/or likely compliance of the @entity1 . RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 were found to have structural laryngeal pathology. Fourteen @entity1 presented with a chink to the posterior glottis and all demonstrated at least a mild degree of @entity14876 . Other common findings were arytenoid prolapse and vocal fold immobility. More isolated findings included @entity194 , @entity4 and growth on the vocal folds. One @entity1 who presented with structural laryngeal pathology was never intubated. DISCUSSION: Supraglottic hyperfunction was common to all @entity1 , regardless of the nature and extent of underlying structural laryngeal pathology. Posterior glottic chink was the most common pattern of incomplete vocal fold closure. These data support the hypothesis that very preterm @entity1 adopt supraglottic tightening to compensate for underlying laryngeal pathology. The mechanism underlying laryngeal damage in the @entity1 who was not intubated is unclear. CONCLUSIONS: Voice quality of very preterm @entity1 is affected by both laryngeal structure and function. A trial of behavioural voice treatment is recommended to evaluate any therapeutic response in this population.

title: Laryngeal pathology at school age following very XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['arytenoid oedema']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity14876 :: ('MESH:D059525', 'Disease') :: ['supraglottic hyperfunction']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['posterior scar band, vocal fold atrophy']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['preterm birth']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility, safety and validity of percutaneous angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) for symptomatic @entity731 of basilar artery. METHODS: The results of treatment and follow-up of 40 cases with symptomatic @entity731 of basilar artery performed PTAS from August 2003 to December 2009 were studied retrospectively, who had either recurrent transient @entity63 attacks (TIAs) or obvious @entity63 symptoms and resistant to medical therapy. RESULTS: PTAS were successfully performed in all the 40 cases and the post-operative average residual stenosis descended to 14%    11% from pre-operative 82%    14%. After operation the @entity1 were administrated with antiplatelet drugs. After procedure the clinic symptoms and signs of @entity63 were improved obviously in 38 cases and deteriorated in 2 cases whose CT scanning showed that the range of @entity1188 in brain stem enlarged. The symptoms improved after treatment but 2 @entity1 had @entity51 . No @entity548 occurred in the group. During the follow-up for 2 months to 7 years, transcranial doppler ultrasonography in 26 cases demonstrated the blood flow was faster than normal in 2 cases, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in 6 cases showed @entity256 in 1 case. The second stent was implanted because of the symptomatic restenosis. In another case the follow-up DSA showed @entity432 in-stent but there was no @entity63 of post circulation because the generation of anastomoses. CONCLUSIONS: PTAS is a feasible, safe and effective therapeutic method for the @entity1 with symptomatic @entity731 of basilar artery. Further study in large number of @entity1 is needed for long-term outcome.

title: [Clinical study on endovascular treatment for symptomatic XXXX of basilar artery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic complications']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis in-stent']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion of basilar artery']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic stenosis']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of protective stoma in intersphincteric resection (ISR) for ultra-low @entity5 . METHODS: Clinical data of 56 ultra-low @entity5 @entity1 without involvement of external anal sphincter treated during January 1999 to July 2009 with trans-anal ISR plus trans-abdominal total mesorectum excision and coloanal @entity254 were retrospectively analyzed. The @entity1 were divided into two groups based on whether they received protective ostomy: ostomy group (16 cases) and ostomy-free group (40 cases). The @entity260 as well as anal functional restoration were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Sixteen cases (32.1%) of the 56 @entity1 received protective stoma. The complication rate of @entity254 and anus complication rate in the ostomy-free group were significantly higher than those in ostomy group [35.0% (14/40) and 40.0% (16/40) vs. 1/16 and 1/16; P < 0.05]. In the ostomy-free group, one @entity1 developed @entity834 dehiscence and @entity5 recurrence, the @entity1 was given permanent colostomy, and the other three @entity1 with lesions in the @entity254 and @entity24338 and secondary surgical treatment, with a reoperation rate of 10.0% (4/40). The anal function of @entity1 in the two groups were both decreased after the operation. The rate of @entity1 got Kirwan grade I anal sphincter function in the 3rd, 6th and 12th month after protective stoma operation was 11/16, 13/15 and 11/13 in the ostomy group, respectively; and those were 30.0%, 37.5% and 45.0% in the ostomy-free group, respectively. Anal function was significantly better in the ostomy group than that in the ostomy-free group during the same postoperative period (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Protective stoma can avoid @entity834 following ISR for ultra-low @entity5 , and alleviate the suffering of anal @entity322 in the early postoperative period, and is conducive to the restoration of anal function.

title: [Value of protective stoma in intersphincteric resection for ultra-low XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic', 'anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity24338 :: ('MESH:D001004', 'Disease') :: ['anus received ostomy']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Pathological studies would aid in finding the real causes of @entity204 and in outlining adequate strategies for treatment regarding @entity1 with poor clinical outcome of influenza A H1N1 @entity1707 flu. We describe the autopsy findings of six cases of influenza A H1N1 @entity1707 flu. The lungs in these cases had an @entity3794 with hyaline membranes. Immunohistochemistry for influenza was positive only in lungs (in pneumocytes, in macrophages, in some multinucleate cells in alveoli, and in blood vessel walls) of two cases. @entity932 was observed in four of the cases and focally in one case. Focal @entity2401 was observed in one case. Coagulation @entity1188 ( @entity63 ) were observed in the pancreas of two cases and in the spleen of two cases. Our results indicate that there was marked replication of the virus in alveoli in the more recently infected cases, which could explain the extensive @entity16 . In our cases, there were important vascular phenomena that resulted in @entity548 and @entity715 , but without marked @entity1423 and coagulation cascade disruptions. This would be attributed to hemodynamic disruption. However, it is possible that the @entity548 in the brain are due to @entity455 or to an increase of endothelial permeability.

title: Pathology of the XXXX -origin influenza A (H1N1) flu.

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['Disseminated petechial brain hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic petechial lesions', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['decrease of platelet count']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse alveolar damage']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['alveolitis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pancreatic body and tail ductal @entity420 are often diagnosed with local vascular invasion of the @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) and its various branches. With such involvement, these @entity5 have traditionally been considered unresectable. The modified Appleby procedure allows for margin negative resection of some such locally advanced @entity5 . This procedure involves distal pancreatectomy with en bloc splenectomy and @entity1593 resection and relies on the presence of collateral arterial circulation via an intact pancreaticoduodenal arcade and the gastroduodenal artery to maintain prograde hepatic arterial perfusion. When the resultant collateral circulation is inadequate to provide sufficient hepatic and gastric arterial inflow, @entity432 ( @entity432 ) is necessary to "supercharge" the inflow. Herein, we review all reported cases of @entity432 with modified Appleby procedures that we have identified in the literature, and we report our experience of three recent cases with @entity432 including two cases with arterial bypasses not requiring interposition grafting. METHODS: Perioperative and oncologic outcomes from our Institutional Review Board-approved database of pancreatic resections at the Thomas Jefferson University were reviewed. Additionally, PubMed search for cases of distal or total pancreatectomy with @entity1593 resection and concurrent @entity432 was performed. RESULTS: From the literature, 12 reports involving 28 @entity1 were identified of distal and total pancreatectomy with @entity432 after @entity1593 resection. The most common @entity432 in the literature, performed in 12 @entity1 , was a bypass from the aorta to the @entity99 ( @entity99 ) using a variety of interposition conduits. In our institutional experience, @entity1 #1 had a primary side-to-end aorto- @entity99 bypass, @entity1 #2 had a primary end-to-end bypass of the transected distal @entity99 in the setting a replaced left hepatic artery, and @entity1 #3 required an aortic to proper hepatic artery bypass with saphenous vein graft and portal venous reconstruction. All @entity1 recovered from their operations without @entity63 complications, and they are currently 16, 15, and 13  months post-op, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The criteria for resectability in @entity1 with locally advanced pancreatic body and tail @entity5 are expanding due to increasing experience with @entity432 in the setting of the modified Appleby procedure. When performing @entity432 , primary arterial re- @entity254 may be considered preferable to interposition grafting as it decreases the potential for the infectious and @entity715 complications associated with conduits and it reduces the number of vascular anastomoses from two to one. Consideration must also be given to normal variant anatomy of the hepatic circulation during operative planning as the origin of the left gastric artery is resected with the @entity1593 . The modified Appleby procedure with @entity432 , when used in appropriately selected @entity1 , offers the potential for safe, margin negative resection of locally advanced @entity788 .

title: Modified Appleby Procedure with Arterial Reconstruction for Locally Advanced XXXX : A Literature Review and Report of Three Unusual Cases.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic body and tail tumors']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['CA', 'celiac axis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial reconstruction', 'AR']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['CHA to the left gastric artery', 'common hepatic artery', 'CHA']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We reviewed the functional outcome of 68 @entity1 with open @entity1171 managed in an orthoplastic specialist centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 managed at Frenchay Hospital over a 6 year period were divided into 3 groups: group P were @entity1 initially seen and managed at Frenchay Hospital (an orthoplastic specialist centre), group S were @entity1 stabilised at a different unit and referred for definitive management, while group R were @entity1 managed in a different unit and referred following complications. Injuries were graded using the AO score and outcome was measured using the Enneking score (both validated). RESULTS: 19 @entity1 (group P, mean age: 43 years), 26 @entity1 (group S, mean age: 41 years) and 23 @entity1 (group R, mean age: 41.9 years) made the cohort. 82.4% @entity1 required free tissue transfer. Mean AO scores of groups P, S and R were 11.5, 12.3 and 9.7 (p+0.03). Mean number of procedures for P, S and R were 2.6, 3.5 and 4.2 (p=0.0006). Mean follow up time was 55.5, 61.0 and 57.0 weeks respectively (p=0.72). Mean Enneking scores for groups P, S and R were 63.3, 74.8 and 73.5 (p=0.16). CONCLUSION: @entity1 from groups S and R underwent more procedures. However, a similar outcome can be achieved, highlighting the importance of managing such injuries in an orthoplastic specialist centre.

title: Outcome of the management of open XXXX in an ortho-plastic specialist centre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1171 :: ('MESH:D064386', 'Disease') :: ['ankle fractures']

answer: @entity1171 :: (MESH:D064386,Disease) :: ['ankle fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We assessed whether the iScore could predict the need for poststroke institutional care. METHODS: @entity1 with acute @entity385 living in Dijon, France, were recorded between 2006 and 2011, using a population-based @entity64 registry. The iScore was calculated for each @entity1 . A logistic regression model was used to assess the performance of the iScore for predicting the need for placement in a care institution. The discrimination and calibration of the model were assessed using the c statistic and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, respectively. RESULTS: Of the 1199 @entity1 recorded, 124 were excluded because of early @entity204 and 95 because of missing for variables included in the iScore. Of the remaining 980 @entity1 , 522 (53.3%) returned home and 458 (46.7%) required placement in a care institution. The median iScore was 123 (interquartile range, 97-148), and the proportion of @entity1 who required placement in a care institution increased with each quintile of risk score. The discrimination of the model was good with a c statistic of .75 (95% confidence interval, .72-.78), as was calibration (P  =  .35). CONCLUSIONS: The iScore could be useful for predicting the need for placement in a care institution  in @entity385 @entity1 . Further studies are required to confirm this finding.

title: iScore for Predicting Institutional Care after XXXX . A Population-Based Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of the present work was to study syntopy of the @entity389 using block-preparations of the posterior cranial fossa, variants of its branching-off from the vertebro-basiliar basin (VBB), and peculiar features of its anatomical structure. A total of 12 block-preparations of the posterior cranial fossa were available for the investigation. They were preliminarily stained with red latex and fixed in a three-point system. These procedures were followed by retrosigmoid craniotomy, opening of dura mater in the supero-lateral part of the cerebellomedulllary cistern, traction of the cerebellum, and blunt separation of the basiliar artery (BA). Variants of @entity5487 from @entity5487 were studied. It was shown that the @entity5487 in 100% of the cases. The latter artery formed a loop in 14% of the cases (3 ears). The average diameter of the labyrinth artery was 0.32 mm and its mean area 0.06 sq.cm. The @entity389 branched off from the posterior para-stem segment of the @entity5487 in 42.6% of the cases (9 ears), and from the anterior para-stem segment of @entity5487 in 14.2% of the cases (3 ears). Within the conventional   rhombus  , the @entity389 was straight in 76.2% of the cases (16 ears) and arc-shaped in 23.8% (4 ears).

title: [The specific features of the anatomical structure of the XXXX (an anatomical and topographical study)].

entities_list: @entity5487 :: ('MESH:D014854', 'Disease') :: ['branching of the antero-inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and branching of the artery of labyrinth', 'antero-inferior cerebellar artery', 'AICA', 'artery of labyrinth branches off from the antero-inferior cerebellar artery']

entities_list: @entity389 :: ('MESH:D007759', 'Disease') :: ['artery of labyrinth']

answer: @entity389 :: (MESH:D007759,Disease) :: ['artery of labyrinth']


abstract: A 61-year-old and right handed @entity1 was admitted to our department on August 11, 1980. The @entity1 had three month history of focal fits, progressive @entity1158 , and motor dominant @entity2026 . The neuroradiological examination revealed a space taking lesion at the left frontoparietal area, which showed a small @entity5 stain with early filled draining vein on the left carotid angiogram, and iso-high dense mass with marked contrast enhancement on the CT scan. The EEG findings showed polymorphous delta rhythm in the left frontal and parietal areas. On August 28, total @entity5 was performed. The @entity5 was a intracerebral, fibrous @entity3928 without involvement of the pia and dura mater. The removed @entity5 was measured approximately 6 X 5 X 4 cm in size, and consistence of the @entity5 was mostly elastic hard and partially soft and hemorrhagic. Histologically, the @entity5 composed of an admixture of bizarre histiocytes and fibroblasts, multinucleated giant cells, xanthoma cells and siderophages, with @entity82 . After surgery, no distinct lesion was demonstrated on the whole body CT scan and garium and @entity1136 scintigram in the abdomen and the lung. The right @entity1158 and @entity2026 were improved gradually, and the @entity1 discharged on December 20, 1980. We discussed the origin of this @entity5 , and angiographic and CT scan findings on the literature.

title: [Intracerebral XXXX --report of a case].

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity1136 :: ('MESH:D013667', 'Chemical') :: ['technetium']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous stroma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'removal of the tumor']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['cystic mass']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrous xanthosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2996 ( @entity2996 ) is the preferred study of choice for pectoralis major @entity397 . Because this is a rare injury, no large case series have evaluated the efficacy of @entity2996 for diagnosing and characterizing pectoralis major @entity397 . We hypothesized that @entity2996 would be accurate for diagnosis of the location and grade of pectoralis major tears. METHODS: The study included 36 operative cases of pectoralis major @entity397 with detailed descriptions of tear location and grade and satisfactory preoperative MRIs. Two musculoskeletal fellowship-trained radiologists interpreted the MRIs, which were then compared with the operative findings for location: @entity79 or myotendinous junction, and tear grade (G): G2 (incomplete high grade partial tear) or G3 (complete tear). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated. RESULTS: The @entity2996 sensitivity was 1.00 for diagnosing complete G3 tears at the sternal head and clavicular head in acute @entity397 . The sensitivity of @entity2996 for diagnosing @entity79 at the sternal and clavicular heads was 0.93 and 0.90, respectively. The sensitivity of @entity2996 in diagnosing myotendinous and G2 tears diminishes, but specificity and negative predictive value remain high for sternal and clavicular @entity135 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the use of @entity2996 in diagnosing the tear grade and location of pectoralis major @entity397 , particularly for acute, tendon-bone, and G3 tears. The diagnostic accuracy of @entity2996 decreases when chronic tears are evaluated. @entity2996 remains a useful adjunct in diagnosing and guiding treatment of pectoralis major @entity397 .

title: Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in predicting the intraoperative tear characteristics of pectoralis major XXXX .

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['tendon-bone junction', 'tendon-bone tears']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head ruptures']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptures', 'tendon ruptures']

entities_list: @entity2996 :: ('MESH:C564543', 'Disease') :: ['MRI', 'Magnetic resonance imaging']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['ruptures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: One quarter of @entity14 @entity1 will present with liver @entity3 at the time of diagnosis. Recent studies have shown that simultaneous resections are safe and feasible for stage IV @entity694 . Limited data are available for simultaneous surgery in @entity5 @entity1 . METHODS: One hundred ninety-eight @entity1 underwent surgical treatment for @entity5 . In 145 (73%) @entity1 , a simultaneous procedure was performed. Fifty-three (27%) @entity1 underwent staged liver resection. A subpopulation of 69 (35%) @entity1 underwent major liver resection (3  segments or more) and 30 (44%) @entity1 with simultaneous surgery. RESULTS: The demographics of the 2 groups were similar. Complication rates were comparable for simultaneous or staged resections, even in the group subjected to major liver resection. Total hospital stay was significantly shorter for the simultaneously resected @entity1 (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous resection of rectal primaries and liver metastases is a safe procedure in carefully selected @entity1 at high-volume institutions, even if major liver resections are required.

title: Simultaneous resection for XXXX with synchronous liver metastasis is a safe procedure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage IV rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: AIM: To study a role of long-term stress and endothelial function in the development of @entity3519 ( @entity3519 ) in young @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Authors examined 75 male @entity1 , aged from 17 to 28 years, with @entity3519 including 41 @entity1 without clinically evident symptoms of @entity1642 (group I) and 34 @entity1 with high level of @entity1642 (group II). A comparison group consisted of 21 healthy volunteers. The level of @entity148 was assessed using the Spilberger-Khanin Inventory and the functional state of endothelium with the use of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDV). Standard bicycle physical exercise (PE) test was performed. RESULTS: Correlations between state and trait @entity148 in all groups were shown. In group II, these values were maximal thus demonstrating marked @entity148 . In EDV and PE tests, @entity1 of group I had general reactivity of the vascular wall, while @entity1 of group II showed opposite reactions, either increase or decrease in the brachial artery diameter. This instability may result from the increased liability of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system in stress conditions. CONCLUSION: Long-term stress causes vascular @entity409 in young @entity1 with @entity3519 that increases the severity of clinical manifestations of the disease and leads to the increased risk of @entity65 .

title: [A role of long-term stress and functional properties of the endothelium in the development of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3519 :: ('MESH:D004421', 'Disease') :: ['ADS', 'autonomic dystonia syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['psycho-emotional stress']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular pathology']

answer: @entity3519 :: (MESH:D004421,Disease) :: ['autonomic dystonia syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Poor insight has a negative impact on the outcome in @entity161 ; consequently, poor insight is a logical target for treatment. However, neither medication nor psychosocial interventions have been demonstrated to improve poor insight. A method originally designed for @entity6 @entity1 to improve their illness management, Guided Self-Determination (GSD), has been adapted for use in @entity1 with @entity161 (GSD-SZ). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on insight of GSD-SZ as a supplement to treatment as usual ( @entity5624 ) as compared to @entity5624 alone in outpatients diagnosed with @entity161 . The design was an open randomized trial. The primary hypothesis was cognitive insight would improve in those @entity1 who received GSD-SZ+ @entity5624 as assessed by the BCIS. We additionally explored whether the intervention led to changes in clinical insight, self-perceived recovery, self-esteem, social functioning and symptom severity. Assessments were conducted at baseline, and at 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up. Analysis was based on the principles of intention to treat and potential confounders were taken into account through applying a multivariate approach. A total of 101 @entity1 were randomized to GSD-SZ+ @entity5624 (n=50) or to @entity5624 alone (n=51). No statistically significant differences were found on the cognitive insight. However, at 12-month follow-up, clinical insight (measured by G12 from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), symptom severity, and social functioning had statistically significantly improved in the intervention group as compared to the control group. "Improving insight in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity161 ", NCT01282307, http://clinicaltrials.gov/.

title: Effects on cognitive and clinical insight with the use of Guided Self-Determination in outpatients with XXXX : A randomized open trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Experiences of violence may have considerable psychosocial and health implications. A violence screening tool was implemented in the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults ( @entity17161 ) to depict the perpetrators' and victims' point of view. The study @entity1 were between 18 and 64 years old (n   =   5939). The aim of this article is to assess the percentage of @entity1 who experienced physical and @entity458 in the last 12 months or who suffered negative effects on their quality of life as a consequence or who were perpetrators of multiple acts of violence. The characteristics of victims, offenders, and their conflict partners are described. Furthermore, specific constellations of violence experience with regard to health-related quality of life are described. Finally, the association between being a victim of violence and different factors is estimated.In total, 2.7   % of @entity1 and 4.3   % of @entity1 reported multiple experiences of physical violence in the last 12 months or having their lives negatively impacted as a consequence of violence. Experience of @entity458 was reported by 18.9   % of @entity1 and 15.4   % of @entity1 . @entity1 are more likely than @entity1 to be both perpetrator and victim within the family. @entity1 are more likely than @entity1 to be both the perpetrator and victim outside of the family environment. Regardless of whether they are the victim or perpetrator of violence, the psychological well-being is significantly worse than those of @entity1 who did not experience violence. Experience of violence in childhood and adolescence increases the risk of becoming victim or perpetrator of violence later on in life. The findings presented here describe the psychological and physical experience of violence as one part of violence committed in the whole population. Some prevention advice is also presented.

title: [Prevalence of experience of physical and @entity458 in the general population in the past 12 months : Results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults ( XXXX )].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'Men', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological violence']

answer: @entity17161 :: (8560,Gene) :: ['DEGS1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Experiences of violence may have considerable psychosocial and health implications. A violence screening tool was implemented in the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults ( @entity17161 ) to depict the perpetrators' and victims' point of view. The study @entity1 were between 18 and 64 years old (n   =   5939). The aim of this article is to assess the percentage of @entity1 who experienced physical and @entity458 in the last 12 months or who suffered negative effects on their quality of life as a consequence or who were perpetrators of multiple acts of violence. The characteristics of victims, offenders, and their conflict partners are described. Furthermore, specific constellations of violence experience with regard to health-related quality of life are described. Finally, the association between being a victim of violence and different factors is estimated.In total, 2.7   % of @entity1 and 4.3   % of @entity1 reported multiple experiences of physical violence in the last 12 months or having their lives negatively impacted as a consequence of violence. Experience of @entity458 was reported by 18.9   % of @entity1 and 15.4   % of @entity1 . @entity1 are more likely than @entity1 to be both perpetrator and victim within the family. @entity1 are more likely than @entity1 to be both the perpetrator and victim outside of the family environment. Regardless of whether they are the victim or perpetrator of violence, the psychological well-being is significantly worse than those of @entity1 who did not experience violence. Experience of violence in childhood and adolescence increases the risk of becoming victim or perpetrator of violence later on in life. The findings presented here describe the psychological and physical experience of violence as one part of violence committed in the whole population. Some prevention advice is also presented.

title: [Prevalence of experience of physical and XXXX in the general population in the past 12 months : Results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults ( @entity17161 )].

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['psychological violence']


abstract: UNASSIGNED:     Introduction: Intraperitoneal @entity9001 is a potential option for the treatment of @entity298 ( @entity298 )-associated @entity298 caused by microorganisms resistant to commonly used antibiotics. However, the stability of @entity9001 must be assessed in the @entity298 solution before evaluating its safety and therapeutic efficacy in @entity298 -associated @entity298 . The objective of this study was to investigate the stability of @entity9001 in 3 types of @entity298 solutions at different temperatures for various time points.     Methods: A total of 27 @entity298 bags (9 @entity298 bags for each type of @entity298 solution; 1.5% @entity413 , 7.5% icodextrin, and 1.5% @entity413 pH neutral) containing 2  g/mL of @entity9001 were prepared and stored at either 4, 25, @entity71880 . An aliquot was withdrawn immediately before (0 hour) and after pre-defined time points. Each sample was analyzed in duplicate for the concentration of @entity9001 using a stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Samples were also assessed for pH, color changes, and evidence of precipitation immediately after preparation and on each day of analysis.     Results: @entity9001 in all 3 types of @entity298 solutions retained more than 90% of its initial concentration for at least 216, 72, and 8hours at 4, 25, and 37  C, respectively. There was no evidence of precipitation at any time under the tested storage conditions. The pH and color of @entity9001 admixed @entity298 solutions stored at 4, 25, and 37  C remained essentially unchanged for 336, 96, and 48hours respectively.     Conclusion: The results obtained from the study provide a platform for future clinical studies aiming to determine the safety and therapeutic efficacy of intraperitoneally administered @entity9001 for the treatment of @entity298 -associated @entity298 .

title: STABILITY OF XXXX IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SOLUTIONS.

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity9001 :: ('MESH:C119092', 'Chemical') :: ['tigecycline', 'Tigecycline']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD', 'peritonitis']

answer: @entity9001 :: (MESH:C119092,Chemical) :: ['TIGECYCLINE']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Elastic light single-scattering spectroscopy system (ELSSS) is a biomedical tool which is used for detection of cancerous tissues ex-vivo. ELSSS spectra depend primarily on the size of scatterers in the tissue and are not directly related to changes in the absorption which are caused by variations of the biological macromolecules. In the present study, we aimed to detect @entity3 in the pelvic lymph node by using combination of Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and @entity1650 ( @entity1650 ). Single-scattering spectra in the 450-750nm wavelength regions were obtained from the total of 83 reactive lymph node and 12 metastatic lymph node samples from 10 @entity263 @entity1 . The ELSSS spectral data were compared against the "gold standard" histopathology results. Data analyses were done via using PCA, followed by @entity1650 . Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed for differentiating performance. The classification based on discriminant score provided sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96.4%, in differentiating non-metastatic (reactive) from metastatic pelvic lymph nodes, with a Positive Predictive Value ( @entity2286 ) of 0.8, a Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 0.99 and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.99, respectively. In this study, it was shown that ELSSS system can accurately distinguish reactive and metastatic pelvic lymph nodes of @entity263 with high @entity2286 and NPV. It can be concluded that diagnostic accuracy of ELSSS system allows detecting metastatic tissues during operation.

title: Diagnosis of pelvic lymph node @entity3 in XXXX using single optical fiber probe.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1650 :: ('MESH:D001308', 'Disease') :: ['Linear Discriminant Analysis', 'LDA']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Elastic light single-scattering spectroscopy system (ELSSS) is a biomedical tool which is used for detection of cancerous tissues ex-vivo. ELSSS spectra depend primarily on the size of scatterers in the tissue and are not directly related to changes in the absorption which are caused by variations of the biological macromolecules. In the present study, we aimed to detect @entity3 in the pelvic lymph node by using combination of Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and @entity1650 ( @entity1650 ). Single-scattering spectra in the 450-750nm wavelength regions were obtained from the total of 83 reactive lymph node and 12 metastatic lymph node samples from 10 @entity263 @entity1 . The ELSSS spectral data were compared against the "gold standard" histopathology results. Data analyses were done via using PCA, followed by @entity1650 . Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed for differentiating performance. The classification based on discriminant score provided sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96.4%, in differentiating non-metastatic (reactive) from metastatic pelvic lymph nodes, with a Positive Predictive Value ( @entity2286 ) of 0.8, a Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 0.99 and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.99, respectively. In this study, it was shown that ELSSS system can accurately distinguish reactive and metastatic pelvic lymph nodes of @entity263 with high @entity2286 and NPV. It can be concluded that diagnostic accuracy of ELSSS system allows detecting metastatic tissues during operation.

title: Diagnosis of pelvic lymph node XXXX in @entity263 using single optical fiber probe.

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: AIM: @entity285 is a known cardiac toxin and heavy consumption can lead to @entity712 ( @entity712 ). However, the relationship between moderate @entity285 consumption and risk for @entity712 , in either @entity1 or @entity1 , remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined 14 629 @entity1 of the @entity731 Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (54    6 years, 55% @entity1 ) without prevalent @entity712 at baseline (1987-89) who were followed for 24    1 years. Self-reported @entity285 consumption was assessed as the number of drinks/week (1 drink = 14 g of @entity285 ) at baseline, and updated cumulative average @entity285 intake was calculated over 8.9    0.3 years. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, we examined the relation of @entity285 intake with incident @entity712 and assessed whether associations were modified by sex. Overall, most @entity1 were abstainers (42%) or former drinkers (19%), with 25% reporting up to 7 drinks per week, 8% reporting >= 7 to 14 drinks per week, and 3% reporting >= 14-21 and >= 21 drinks per week, respectively. Incident @entity712 occurred in 1271 @entity1 and 1237 @entity1 . @entity1 consuming up to 7 drinks/week had reduced risk of @entity712 relative to abstainers (hazard ratio, HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.68-0.94, P = 0.006); this effect was less robust in @entity1 (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71-1.00, P = 0.05). In the higher drinking categories, the risk of @entity712 was not significantly different from abstainers, either in @entity1 or in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In the community, @entity285 consumption of up to 7 drinks/week at early-middle age is associated with lower risk for future @entity712 , with a similar but less definite association in @entity1 than in @entity1 . These findings suggest that despite the dangers of heavy drinking, modest @entity285 consumption in early-middle age may be associated with a lower risk for @entity712 .

title: XXXX consumption and risk of @entity712 : the @entity731 Risk in Communities Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity285 :: ('D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

answer: @entity285 :: (D000431,Chemical) :: ['Alcohol']


abstract: AIM: @entity285 is a known cardiac toxin and heavy consumption can lead to @entity712 ( @entity712 ). However, the relationship between moderate @entity285 consumption and risk for @entity712 , in either @entity1 or @entity1 , remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined 14 629 @entity1 of the @entity731 Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (54    6 years, 55% @entity1 ) without prevalent @entity712 at baseline (1987-89) who were followed for 24    1 years. Self-reported @entity285 consumption was assessed as the number of drinks/week (1 drink = 14 g of @entity285 ) at baseline, and updated cumulative average @entity285 intake was calculated over 8.9    0.3 years. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, we examined the relation of @entity285 intake with incident @entity712 and assessed whether associations were modified by sex. Overall, most @entity1 were abstainers (42%) or former drinkers (19%), with 25% reporting up to 7 drinks per week, 8% reporting >= 7 to 14 drinks per week, and 3% reporting >= 14-21 and >= 21 drinks per week, respectively. Incident @entity712 occurred in 1271 @entity1 and 1237 @entity1 . @entity1 consuming up to 7 drinks/week had reduced risk of @entity712 relative to abstainers (hazard ratio, HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.68-0.94, P = 0.006); this effect was less robust in @entity1 (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71-1.00, P = 0.05). In the higher drinking categories, the risk of @entity712 was not significantly different from abstainers, either in @entity1 or in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In the community, @entity285 consumption of up to 7 drinks/week at early-middle age is associated with lower risk for future @entity712 , with a similar but less definite association in @entity1 than in @entity1 . These findings suggest that despite the dangers of heavy drinking, modest @entity285 consumption in early-middle age may be associated with a lower risk for @entity712 .

title: @entity285 consumption and risk of XXXX : the @entity731 Risk in Communities Study.

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: AIM: @entity285 is a known cardiac toxin and heavy consumption can lead to @entity712 ( @entity712 ). However, the relationship between moderate @entity285 consumption and risk for @entity712 , in either @entity1 or @entity1 , remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined 14 629 @entity1 of the @entity731 Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (54    6 years, 55% @entity1 ) without prevalent @entity712 at baseline (1987-89) who were followed for 24    1 years. Self-reported @entity285 consumption was assessed as the number of drinks/week (1 drink = 14 g of @entity285 ) at baseline, and updated cumulative average @entity285 intake was calculated over 8.9    0.3 years. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, we examined the relation of @entity285 intake with incident @entity712 and assessed whether associations were modified by sex. Overall, most @entity1 were abstainers (42%) or former drinkers (19%), with 25% reporting up to 7 drinks per week, 8% reporting >= 7 to 14 drinks per week, and 3% reporting >= 14-21 and >= 21 drinks per week, respectively. Incident @entity712 occurred in 1271 @entity1 and 1237 @entity1 . @entity1 consuming up to 7 drinks/week had reduced risk of @entity712 relative to abstainers (hazard ratio, HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.68-0.94, P = 0.006); this effect was less robust in @entity1 (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71-1.00, P = 0.05). In the higher drinking categories, the risk of @entity712 was not significantly different from abstainers, either in @entity1 or in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In the community, @entity285 consumption of up to 7 drinks/week at early-middle age is associated with lower risk for future @entity712 , with a similar but less definite association in @entity1 than in @entity1 . These findings suggest that despite the dangers of heavy drinking, modest @entity285 consumption in early-middle age may be associated with a lower risk for @entity712 .

title: @entity285 consumption and risk of @entity712 : the XXXX Risk in Communities Study.

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Leptin exerts both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the ovulatory process. In this study, we investigated whether these opposite effects involve changes in the oxidative status in response to different levels of leptin. To this end, we performed both in vivo and in vitro assays using ovaries of immature @entity35 primed with gonadotropins to induce ovulation. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase ( @entity12609 ) activity, lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH) content, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were studied as oxidative damage-related parameters. The expression of @entity1976 , @entity2310 , and @entity4124 were measured by western blot as apoptosis-related biomarkers. The acute treatment with leptin, which inhibits ovulation, decreased SOD activity and increased active @entity4124 expression. No differences were found in @entity12609 activity, lipid peroxidation, or total GSH. In contrast, the daily administration of leptin, which induces ovulation, decreased GSH content, ROS levels, and @entity2310 and active @entity4124 expression, but caused no changes in other parameters. In addition, the daily administration of leptin induced follicular growth, measured by the number of antral follicles in ovarian sections. Using ovarian explant cultures, we found increased @entity1976 expression and decreased SOD activity at low and high concentrations of leptin respectively. Thus, leptin can modulate the oxidative status of the ovarian tissue, during the ovulatory process, by acting on different targets according to its circulating levels. At low concentration, leptin seems to play a protective role against the oxidative stress, whereas at high concentrations, this protein seems to be involved in cell death.

title: Regulation of the ovarian oxidative status by leptin during the ovulatory process in XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']