abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4145 ( @entity4145 ) is the most @entity3551 and its optimal management remains controversial. However, there is a current trend towards non-surgical management. We aimed to determine the effects of the non-surgical management in @entity1 with unilateral @entity4145 . For a systematic review, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, clinical trials registries, and selected conference proceedings for eligible studies. Any type of study reporting the outcomes renal function, secondary surgical intervention, drainage pattern or @entity3041 of non-surgical management in @entity1 with unilateral @entity4145 was included. Data from 20 studies were extracted and evaluated by two independent authors. The pooled prevalence was 21% for @entity177 , 27.9% for secondary surgical intervention, 3.2% for progressive @entity3041 , and 82.2% for improved drainage pattern. Not all @entity1 with surgical intervention regained split renal function from enrolment. Renal imaging methods did not strongly correlate with each other. Many studies had to be excluded because of a lack of detection of an obstruction or mixed populations with bilateral @entity4145 or other uropathies. The variable definitions of @entity4145 , different criteria for surgical intervention, incongruity of management protocols, and the imprecise reporting of outcomes were limiting factors in the comparability of the results, leading to heterogeneity in meta-analyses. Although the available evidence cannot recommend or refute the current non-surgical management, the systematic review clarifies aspects of the ongoing controversy by providing realistic estimates for non-surgical management in @entity1 with unilateral @entity4145 . Additionally, it reveals unclear potential risks, particularly for long-term outcomes, which were rarely reported.

title: Primary non-surgical management of unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction in XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3551 :: ('MESH:C536483', 'Disease') :: ['common obstructive uropathy']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['split renal function deterioration']

entities_list: @entity4145 :: ('MESH:C537373', 'Disease') :: ['Ureteropelvic junction obstruction', 'UPJO']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: SCOPE: We have investigated the potential use of b-conglutin protein isoforms from narrow-leafed @entity16413 (Lupinus angustifolius L.) as a @entity6 treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: We produced purified recombinant b1-, b2-, b3-, b4-, and b6-conglutin proteins and showed that @entity46171 could bind to insulin. To assess b-conglutin proteins modulatory effect on insulin-activation meditated kinases, whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) and healthy control subjects (C) were incubated with conglutin proteins. Treatment of PBMCs from @entity2175 @entity1 with b1, b3, and b6 proteins increased up to 3-folds mRNA and protein levels of genes important in insulin signalling pathways, namely @entity10175 / @entity8569 / @entity584 / @entity2368 . This was accompanied by a comparable fold-change decrease in the mRNA expression level of pro-inflammatory genes ( @entity15237 and @entity1356 ) and proteins compared to healthy controls. The b2 and b4 isoforms had no effect on the insulin signalling pathway. However, these b-conglutin proteins elicited pro-inflammatory effects since levels of mRNA and proteins of @entity15237 and @entity1356 were increased. CONCLUSION: Our results raise the possibility of using these particular b-conglutin proteins in the prevention and treatment of @entity6 , as well as their potential as anti-inflammatory molecules. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: arrow-leafed lu @entity16413 Lupinus angustifolius L.) b-conglutin proteins modulate the insulin signalling pathway as potential type 2 di XXXX reatment and inflammatory-related disease amelioration.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['T2D', 'Type 2 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: SCOPE: We have investigated the potential use of b-conglutin protein isoforms from narrow-leafed @entity16413 (Lupinus angustifolius L.) as a @entity6 treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: We produced purified recombinant b1-, b2-, b3-, b4-, and b6-conglutin proteins and showed that @entity46171 could bind to insulin. To assess b-conglutin proteins modulatory effect on insulin-activation meditated kinases, whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) and healthy control subjects (C) were incubated with conglutin proteins. Treatment of PBMCs from @entity2175 @entity1 with b1, b3, and b6 proteins increased up to 3-folds mRNA and protein levels of genes important in insulin signalling pathways, namely @entity10175 / @entity8569 / @entity584 / @entity2368 . This was accompanied by a comparable fold-change decrease in the mRNA expression level of pro-inflammatory genes ( @entity15237 and @entity1356 ) and proteins compared to healthy controls. The b2 and b4 isoforms had no effect on the insulin signalling pathway. However, these b-conglutin proteins elicited pro-inflammatory effects since levels of mRNA and proteins of @entity15237 and @entity1356 were increased. CONCLUSION: Our results raise the possibility of using these particular b-conglutin proteins in the prevention and treatment of @entity6 , as well as their potential as anti-inflammatory molecules. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: arrow-leafed lu XXXX Lupinus angustifolius L.) b-conglutin proteins modulate the insulin signalling pathway as potential type 2 di @entity6 reatment and inflammatory-related disease amelioration.

answer: @entity16413 :: (51251,Gene) :: ['lupin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Seventy-kilodalton heat shock proteins ( @entity2285 s) are molecular chaperones essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Apart from their indispensable roles in protein homeostasis, specific @entity2285 s localize at the plasma membrane and bind to specific lipids. The interaction of @entity2285 s with lipids has direct physiological outcomes including lysosomal rescue, microautophagy, and promotion of cell apoptosis. Despite these essential functions, the @entity2285 -lipid interactions remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we characterized the interaction of @entity1878 , an inducible @entity2285 , with five phospholipids. We first used high concentrations of @entity972 and established that @entity1878 embeds in membranes when bound to all anionic lipids tested. Furthermore, we found that protein insertion is enhanced by increasing the saturation level of the lipids. Next, we determined that the @entity4334 -binding domain (NBD) of the protein binds to lipids quantitatively more than the substrate-binding domain (SBD). However, for all lipids tested, the full-length protein is necessary for embedding. We also used @entity460 and reaction buffers equilibrated at different pH values and determined that electrostatic interactions alone may not fully explain the association of @entity1878 with lipids. We then determined that lipid binding is inhibited by @entity4334 -binding, but it is unaffected by protein-substrate binding. These results suggest that the @entity1878 lipid-association is specific, depends on the physicochemical properties of the lipid, and is mediated by multiple molecular forces. These mechanistic details of the @entity2285 -lipid interactions establish a framework of possible physiological functions as they relate to chaperone regulation and localization.

title: Biochemical characterization of the interaction between XXXX and phospholipids.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity1878 :: (3303,Gene) :: ['HspA1A']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the degree of @entity158 experienced by the @entity1 receiving transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) of the prostate by applying a visual analog scale. We also identified the clinical parameters influencing @entity158 during the TRUS examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records were obtained from a prospective database for male @entity1 who received TRUS of prostate in the outpatient department of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan, from January 2014 to June 2014. The @entity1 underwent a detailed physical examination and medical history review. Immediately after the TRUS examination, the @entity1 completed questionnaires based on a ten-point visual analog @entity158 scale. The variables of interest were age, body mass index, prostate volume, prostate sagittal length, @entity1486 , previous TRUS experience, external @entity6713 , anal surgical history, @entity1069 , and image artifact caused by stool in the rectum. All variables were correlated to the visual analog scale by applying multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: By using linear regression analysis, we identified the independent factors that affected the @entity158 score during the TRUS examination. The @entity1 who received the examination for the first time or had longer prostate sagittal lengths, external @entity6713 , anal surgical history, or stool stored in the rectum experienced more @entity158 during the TRUS examination. Furthermore, the @entity158 was reduced when we provided the @entity1 with a detailed explanation before the procedure and allowed them to observe the real-time images during the examination. CONCLUSION: Although a TRUS examination is uncomfortable for @entity1 , after having identified the factors affecting @entity158 , physicians can assist @entity1 in reducing @entity158 during the procedure, thus providing higher quality examinations.

title: Identifying the variables associated with XXXX during transrectal ultrasonography of the prostate.

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostate calcification']

entities_list: @entity6713 :: ('MESH:D006484', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhoids']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity8529 is the most common @entity154 of the gastrointestinal tract, occurring in 1-3% of the general population. The most common complication of @entity8529 is @entity1321 . In this report, we describe a rare cause of @entity1321 due to Meckel's; the phytobezoar. After thorough literature review, the authors found about ten individual reports of the same topic. In all these cases, diagnosis was established intra-operatively. CASE PRESENTATION: A forty-seven-year old male presented to the emergency department with a one-day history of @entity490 associated with @entity391 and @entity1142 . Physical examination diagnostic tests revealed features of @entity1321 . DISCUSSION: The lifetime risk of complications in @entity1 with a Meckel'sdiverticulum is usually small and occurs only in up to 4%. In adults' @entity1321 is the most common complication (40%). CONCLUSION: Complicated @entity8529 can have different clinical presentations and can cause @entity1744 . An association with @entity4657 is possible and it should be suspected in adult @entity1 presenting with @entity1744 of unknown causes especially those with high vegetarian diet.

title: Phytobezoar impaction in a @entity8529 ; a rare cause of XXXX : Case report and review of literature.

entities_list: @entity4657 :: ('MESH:D001630', 'Disease') :: ['bezoars impaction']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity8529 :: ('MESH:D008467', 'Disease') :: ["Meckel's diverticulum"]

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['bowel obstruction']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity8529 is the most common @entity154 of the gastrointestinal tract, occurring in 1-3% of the general population. The most common complication of @entity8529 is @entity1321 . In this report, we describe a rare cause of @entity1321 due to Meckel's; the phytobezoar. After thorough literature review, the authors found about ten individual reports of the same topic. In all these cases, diagnosis was established intra-operatively. CASE PRESENTATION: A forty-seven-year old male presented to the emergency department with a one-day history of @entity490 associated with @entity391 and @entity1142 . Physical examination diagnostic tests revealed features of @entity1321 . DISCUSSION: The lifetime risk of complications in @entity1 with a Meckel'sdiverticulum is usually small and occurs only in up to 4%. In adults' @entity1321 is the most common complication (40%). CONCLUSION: Complicated @entity8529 can have different clinical presentations and can cause @entity1744 . An association with @entity4657 is possible and it should be suspected in adult @entity1 presenting with @entity1744 of unknown causes especially those with high vegetarian diet.

title: Phytobezoar impaction in a XXXX ; a rare cause of @entity1744 : Case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity8529 :: (MESH:D008467,Disease) :: ['Meckel's diverticulum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal follow-up strategy for @entity149 ( @entity149 ) @entity1 after first-line therapy is unclear. The goal of this study is to determine the utility of planned brain surveillance imaging in the detection of relapse in a retrospective cohort of @entity149 @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 were consecutive @entity149 cases treated in Leon @entity5 Centre, Lyon, France, from 1985 to 2011. Histology was diffuse large @entity1892 in 94%. @entity1 were treated by @entity1499 (92%) and @entity2592 (63%) based-chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy for 108 @entity1 (51%). Clinical records were reviewed for details at relapse and relationship to planned imaging. The imaging follow-up strategy was performed according to each treating physicians. RESULTS: Among 209 @entity149 @entity1 , 127 complete response @entity1 entered in post-treatment observation and 63 (50%) subsequently relapsed. Among the 125 evaluable @entity1 , the majority of relapses (N  =  49, 80%) was asymptomatic and identified before the planned brain imaging. Surveillance imaging detected relapses before symptoms in 12 @entity1 who entered in post-therapy observation (10%). The median number of brain imaging during the follow-up was 7 (0-13). A total of 819 MRI/CT-scan were performed leading to the detection of 12 asymptomatic relapses. The one year OS rates were 41% and 58% for symptomatic and non-symptomatic relapses, respectively (P  =  0.21). CONCLUSION: The majority of @entity149 relapses occurred outside planned follow-up with no difference in @entity1 outcome between symptomatic and asymptomatic relapses. The role of brain imaging for the detection of relapses in the follow-up of @entity149 @entity1 remains to be clarified.

title: Utility of post-therapy brain surveillance imaging in the detection of XXXX relapse.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Berard Cancer']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['PCNSL', 'primary central nervous system lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity149 :: (MESH:D002493,Disease) :: ['primary central nervous system lymphoma']


abstract: Selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed treatments for @entity308 and, as a class of drugs, are among the most used medications in the world. Concern regarding possible effects of SSRI treatment on fetal development has arisen recently as studies have suggested a link between maternal SSRI use and an increase in @entity600 such as persistent pulmonary @entity101 , @entity410 and @entity91 . Furthermore, SSRI exposure in adults is associated with decreased bone mineral density and increased @entity174 risk, and @entity750 receptors are expressed in @entity1 osteoblasts and osteoclasts. To determine possible effects of @entity18060 exposure on developing bone, we treated both @entity3392 , during embryonic development, and @entity1 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), during differentiation into osteoblasts, with the two most prescribed SSRIs, @entity837 and @entity3756 . SSRI treatment in @entity3392 decreased bone mineralization, visualized by @entity622 staining and decreased the expression of mature osteoblast-specific markers during embryogenesis. Furthermore, we showed that this inhibition was not associated with increased apoptosis. In differentiating @entity1 MSCs, we observed a decrease in osteoblast activity that was associated with a decrease in expression of the osteoblast-specific genes @entity8087 , @entity9618 and @entity1096 , measured with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Similar to the developing @entity3392 , no increase in expression of the apoptotic marker Caspase 3 was observed. Therefore, we propose that SSRIs inhibit bone development by affecting osteoblast maturation during embryonic development and MSC differentiation. These results highlight the need to further investigate the risks of SSRI use during pregnancy in exposing unborn babies to @entity853 .

title: XXXX and @entity3756 exposure compromises embryonic bone development.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity853 :: ('MESH:D009139', 'Disease') :: ['potential skeletal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity622 :: ('MESH:C010078', 'Chemical') :: ['alizarin red']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['birth defects']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['sertraline']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['craniosynostosis']

answer: @entity837 :: (MESH:D015283,Chemical) :: ['Citalopram']


abstract: Selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed treatments for @entity308 and, as a class of drugs, are among the most used medications in the world. Concern regarding possible effects of SSRI treatment on fetal development has arisen recently as studies have suggested a link between maternal SSRI use and an increase in @entity600 such as persistent pulmonary @entity101 , @entity410 and @entity91 . Furthermore, SSRI exposure in adults is associated with decreased bone mineral density and increased @entity174 risk, and @entity750 receptors are expressed in @entity1 osteoblasts and osteoclasts. To determine possible effects of @entity18060 exposure on developing bone, we treated both @entity3392 , during embryonic development, and @entity1 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), during differentiation into osteoblasts, with the two most prescribed SSRIs, @entity837 and @entity3756 . SSRI treatment in @entity3392 decreased bone mineralization, visualized by @entity622 staining and decreased the expression of mature osteoblast-specific markers during embryogenesis. Furthermore, we showed that this inhibition was not associated with increased apoptosis. In differentiating @entity1 MSCs, we observed a decrease in osteoblast activity that was associated with a decrease in expression of the osteoblast-specific genes @entity8087 , @entity9618 and @entity1096 , measured with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Similar to the developing @entity3392 , no increase in expression of the apoptotic marker Caspase 3 was observed. Therefore, we propose that SSRIs inhibit bone development by affecting osteoblast maturation during embryonic development and MSC differentiation. These results highlight the need to further investigate the risks of SSRI use during pregnancy in exposing unborn babies to @entity853 .

title: @entity837 and XXXX exposure compromises embryonic bone development.

answer: @entity3756 :: (MESH:D020280,Chemical) :: ['sertraline']


abstract: AIMS: @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) comprises a heterogeneous group of monogenic forms of @entity6 caused by mutations in at least 14 genes, but mostly by mutations in @entity14224 ( @entity14224 ) and @entity5448 ( @entity5448 ). This study aims to establish a national registry of @entity2175 cases in Brazilian @entity1 , assessing published and unpublished data. METHODS: 311 @entity1 with clinical characteristics of @entity2175 were analyzed, with unpublished data on 298 individuals described in 12 previous publications and 13 newly described cases in this report. RESULTS: 72 individuals had @entity14224 mutations, 9 described in Brazilian individuals for the first time. One previously unpublished novel @entity14224 mutation, @entity72203 , was found in one family. 31 individuals had @entity5448 mutations, 2 described for the first time in Brazilian individuals. Comparisons of @entity14224 probands vs @entity5448 : age 16  11 vs 35  20years; age at diagnosis 11  8 vs 21  7years; BMI 19  6 vs 25  6kg/m(2); @entity5736 users 5 vs 83%; insulin users 5 vs 17%; presence of arterial @entity101 0 vs. 33%, all p<0.05. No differences were observed in lipids and C-peptide. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity2175 cases in Brazil are due to @entity14224 mutations. In agreement with other studied populations, novel mutations are common. Only 14% of @entity1 with @entity6 carry a @entity5448 mutation. Diagnosis of other rare forms of @entity2175 is still a challenge in Brazilian population, as well as adequate strategies to screen individuals for molecular diagnosis.

title: @entity2175 ( XXXX ) in Brazil: Establishment of a national registry and appraisal of available genetic and clinical data.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young', 'MODY']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity72203 :: ('p|SUB|G|178|A', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Gly178Ala']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'familial diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5736 :: ('D013453', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfonylurea']

entities_list: @entity5448 :: ('6927', 'Gene') :: ['hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 homeobox A', 'HNF1A']

answer: @entity2175 :: (MESH:D003924,Disease) :: ['MODY']


abstract: AIMS: @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) comprises a heterogeneous group of monogenic forms of @entity6 caused by mutations in at least 14 genes, but mostly by mutations in @entity14224 ( @entity14224 ) and @entity5448 ( @entity5448 ). This study aims to establish a national registry of @entity2175 cases in Brazilian @entity1 , assessing published and unpublished data. METHODS: 311 @entity1 with clinical characteristics of @entity2175 were analyzed, with unpublished data on 298 individuals described in 12 previous publications and 13 newly described cases in this report. RESULTS: 72 individuals had @entity14224 mutations, 9 described in Brazilian individuals for the first time. One previously unpublished novel @entity14224 mutation, @entity72203 , was found in one family. 31 individuals had @entity5448 mutations, 2 described for the first time in Brazilian individuals. Comparisons of @entity14224 probands vs @entity5448 : age 16  11 vs 35  20years; age at diagnosis 11  8 vs 21  7years; BMI 19  6 vs 25  6kg/m(2); @entity5736 users 5 vs 83%; insulin users 5 vs 17%; presence of arterial @entity101 0 vs. 33%, all p<0.05. No differences were observed in lipids and C-peptide. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity2175 cases in Brazil are due to @entity14224 mutations. In agreement with other studied populations, novel mutations are common. Only 14% of @entity1 with @entity6 carry a @entity5448 mutation. Diagnosis of other rare forms of @entity2175 is still a challenge in Brazilian population, as well as adequate strategies to screen individuals for molecular diagnosis.

title: XXXX ( @entity2175 ) in Brazil: Establishment of a national registry and appraisal of available genetic and clinical data.

answer: @entity2175 :: (MESH:D003924,Disease) :: ['Maturity-onset diabetes of the young']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1316 are common in @entity1 with @entity64 , and adversely affect the clinical outcome. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of early administration of @entity837 to reduce moderate or severe @entity308 and improve emotional and @entity51 in @entity1 with @entity64 . METHODS: This was a placebo controlled, double-blind trial done at 17 centres in South Korea. @entity1 who had had an @entity64 within the past 21 days were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral @entity837 (10 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. Randomisation was done with permuted blocks stratified by centre, via a web-based system. The primary endpoint was the frequency of moderate or severe @entity308 (Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] >= 16). Endpoints were assessed at 3 months after randomisation in the full analysis set ( @entity1 who took study medication and underwent assessment of primary endpoint after randomisation), in all @entity1 who were enrolled and randomly assigned (intention to treat), and in all @entity1 who completed the trial (per-protocol analysis). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01278498. FINDINGS: Between Jan 27, 2011, and June 30, 2014, 478 @entity1 were assigned to placebo (n=237) or @entity837 (n=241); 405 were included in the full analysis set (195 in the placebo group, 210 in the @entity837 group). The primary outcome did not differ by study group in the full analysis set (25 [13%] @entity1 in the placebo group vs 27 [13%] in the @entity837 group; odds ratio [OR] 1  00, 95% CI 0  56-1  80; p>0  99) or in the intention-to-treat analysis (34 [14%] vs 35 [15%]; OR 1  01, 95% CI 0  61-1  69, p=0  96). The study medication was generally well tolerated; the most common adverse events were @entity1142 (14 [6%] @entity1 who received placebo vs 14 [6%] who received @entity837 ), @entity925 (16 [7%] vs ten [4%]), and @entity22 (12 [5%] vs 12 [5%]). @entity294 was more common in the @entity837 group (nine [4%] @entity1 ) than in the placebo group (two [1%] @entity1 ). INTERPRETATION: @entity837 did not significantly reduce moderate or severe @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity64 . FUNDING: Dong-A Pharmaceutical and Ministry for Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs, South Korea.

title: Efficacy of early administration of @entity837 on @entity308 and @entity51 after XXXX : a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['Diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['Mood and emotional disturbances']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['escitalopram', 'Escitalopram']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pain']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1316 are common in @entity1 with @entity64 , and adversely affect the clinical outcome. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of early administration of @entity837 to reduce moderate or severe @entity308 and improve emotional and @entity51 in @entity1 with @entity64 . METHODS: This was a placebo controlled, double-blind trial done at 17 centres in South Korea. @entity1 who had had an @entity64 within the past 21 days were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral @entity837 (10 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. Randomisation was done with permuted blocks stratified by centre, via a web-based system. The primary endpoint was the frequency of moderate or severe @entity308 (Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] >= 16). Endpoints were assessed at 3 months after randomisation in the full analysis set ( @entity1 who took study medication and underwent assessment of primary endpoint after randomisation), in all @entity1 who were enrolled and randomly assigned (intention to treat), and in all @entity1 who completed the trial (per-protocol analysis). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01278498. FINDINGS: Between Jan 27, 2011, and June 30, 2014, 478 @entity1 were assigned to placebo (n=237) or @entity837 (n=241); 405 were included in the full analysis set (195 in the placebo group, 210 in the @entity837 group). The primary outcome did not differ by study group in the full analysis set (25 [13%] @entity1 in the placebo group vs 27 [13%] in the @entity837 group; odds ratio [OR] 1  00, 95% CI 0  56-1  80; p>0  99) or in the intention-to-treat analysis (34 [14%] vs 35 [15%]; OR 1  01, 95% CI 0  61-1  69, p=0  96). The study medication was generally well tolerated; the most common adverse events were @entity1142 (14 [6%] @entity1 who received placebo vs 14 [6%] who received @entity837 ), @entity925 (16 [7%] vs ten [4%]), and @entity22 (12 [5%] vs 12 [5%]). @entity294 was more common in the @entity837 group (nine [4%] @entity1 ) than in the placebo group (two [1%] @entity1 ). INTERPRETATION: @entity837 did not significantly reduce moderate or severe @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity64 . FUNDING: Dong-A Pharmaceutical and Ministry for Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs, South Korea.

title: Efficacy of early administration of XXXX on @entity308 and @entity51 after @entity64 : a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity837 :: (MESH:D015283,Chemical) :: ['escitalopram']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1316 are common in @entity1 with @entity64 , and adversely affect the clinical outcome. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of early administration of @entity837 to reduce moderate or severe @entity308 and improve emotional and @entity51 in @entity1 with @entity64 . METHODS: This was a placebo controlled, double-blind trial done at 17 centres in South Korea. @entity1 who had had an @entity64 within the past 21 days were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral @entity837 (10 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. Randomisation was done with permuted blocks stratified by centre, via a web-based system. The primary endpoint was the frequency of moderate or severe @entity308 (Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] >= 16). Endpoints were assessed at 3 months after randomisation in the full analysis set ( @entity1 who took study medication and underwent assessment of primary endpoint after randomisation), in all @entity1 who were enrolled and randomly assigned (intention to treat), and in all @entity1 who completed the trial (per-protocol analysis). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01278498. FINDINGS: Between Jan 27, 2011, and June 30, 2014, 478 @entity1 were assigned to placebo (n=237) or @entity837 (n=241); 405 were included in the full analysis set (195 in the placebo group, 210 in the @entity837 group). The primary outcome did not differ by study group in the full analysis set (25 [13%] @entity1 in the placebo group vs 27 [13%] in the @entity837 group; odds ratio [OR] 1  00, 95% CI 0  56-1  80; p>0  99) or in the intention-to-treat analysis (34 [14%] vs 35 [15%]; OR 1  01, 95% CI 0  61-1  69, p=0  96). The study medication was generally well tolerated; the most common adverse events were @entity1142 (14 [6%] @entity1 who received placebo vs 14 [6%] who received @entity837 ), @entity925 (16 [7%] vs ten [4%]), and @entity22 (12 [5%] vs 12 [5%]). @entity294 was more common in the @entity837 group (nine [4%] @entity1 ) than in the placebo group (two [1%] @entity1 ). INTERPRETATION: @entity837 did not significantly reduce moderate or severe @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity64 . FUNDING: Dong-A Pharmaceutical and Ministry for Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs, South Korea.

title: Efficacy of early administration of @entity837 on XXXX and @entity51 after @entity64 : a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive and emotional symptoms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1316 are common in @entity1 with @entity64 , and adversely affect the clinical outcome. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of early administration of @entity837 to reduce moderate or severe @entity308 and improve emotional and @entity51 in @entity1 with @entity64 . METHODS: This was a placebo controlled, double-blind trial done at 17 centres in South Korea. @entity1 who had had an @entity64 within the past 21 days were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral @entity837 (10 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. Randomisation was done with permuted blocks stratified by centre, via a web-based system. The primary endpoint was the frequency of moderate or severe @entity308 (Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] >= 16). Endpoints were assessed at 3 months after randomisation in the full analysis set ( @entity1 who took study medication and underwent assessment of primary endpoint after randomisation), in all @entity1 who were enrolled and randomly assigned (intention to treat), and in all @entity1 who completed the trial (per-protocol analysis). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01278498. FINDINGS: Between Jan 27, 2011, and June 30, 2014, 478 @entity1 were assigned to placebo (n=237) or @entity837 (n=241); 405 were included in the full analysis set (195 in the placebo group, 210 in the @entity837 group). The primary outcome did not differ by study group in the full analysis set (25 [13%] @entity1 in the placebo group vs 27 [13%] in the @entity837 group; odds ratio [OR] 1  00, 95% CI 0  56-1  80; p>0  99) or in the intention-to-treat analysis (34 [14%] vs 35 [15%]; OR 1  01, 95% CI 0  61-1  69, p=0  96). The study medication was generally well tolerated; the most common adverse events were @entity1142 (14 [6%] @entity1 who received placebo vs 14 [6%] who received @entity837 ), @entity925 (16 [7%] vs ten [4%]), and @entity22 (12 [5%] vs 12 [5%]). @entity294 was more common in the @entity837 group (nine [4%] @entity1 ) than in the placebo group (two [1%] @entity1 ). INTERPRETATION: @entity837 did not significantly reduce moderate or severe @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity64 . FUNDING: Dong-A Pharmaceutical and Ministry for Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs, South Korea.

title: Efficacy of early administration of @entity837 on @entity308 and XXXX after @entity64 : a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity51 :: (MESH:D009461,Disease) :: ['neurological dysfunction']


abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of trisomies 18 and 13 in Europe and the prevalence of associated anomalies. Twenty-five population-based registries in 16 European countries provided data from 2000-2011. Cases included live births, fetal @entity204 (20+ weeks' gestation), and terminations of pregnancy for @entity2241 (TOPFAs). The prevalence of associated anomalies was reported in live births. The prevalence of @entity7440 were 4.8 (95%CI: 4.7-5.0) and 1.9 (95%CI: 1.8-2.0) per 10,000 total births. Seventy three percent of cases with @entity7440 resulted in a TOPFA. Amongst 468 live born babies with trisomy 18, 80% (76-83%) had a @entity299 , 21% (17-25%) had a @entity3002 , 8% (6-11%) had @entity1152 and 10% (8-13%) had an @entity13797 . Amongst 240 Live born babies with trisomy 13, 57% (51-64%) had a @entity299 , 39% (33-46%) had a @entity3002 , 30% (24-36%) had @entity735 , 44% (37-50%) had @entity5767 and 45% (39-52%) had an @entity13797 . For babies with trisomy 18 @entity1 were less likely to have a @entity299 compared with @entity1 (OR   =   0.48 (0.30-0.77) and with trisomy 13 were less likely to have a @entity3002 [OR   =   0.46 (0.27-0.77)]. Babies with @entity7440 do have a high proportion of associated anomalies with the distribution of anomalies being different in @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Congenital anomalies associated with XXXX : A registry-based study in 16 European countries, 2000-2011.

entities_list: @entity13797 :: ('MESH:C566121', 'Disease') :: ['orofacial cleft']

entities_list: @entity1152 :: ('MESH:D004933', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal atresia']

entities_list: @entity3002 :: ('MESH:D009421', 'Disease') :: ['nervous system anomaly']

entities_list: @entity5767 :: ('MESH:D017689', 'Disease') :: ['polydactyly']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['an eye anomaly']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac anomaly']

entities_list: @entity7440 :: ('MESH:C580500', 'Disease') :: ['trisomy 18 or trisomy 13', 'trisomy 18 and trisomy 13']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal anomaly']

answer: @entity7440 :: (MESH:C580500,Disease) :: ['trisomy 18 or trisomy 13']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2972 is a common sequela after myringotomy with tube placement (MTP). The purpose of this study was to identify any significant relationship between passive @entity286 exposure and the development of post-tympanostomy tube @entity2972 . METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed on 774 cases of @entity1 who underwent MTP by a single surgeon at a tertiary pediatric hospital from 2012 to 2014. @entity1 with multiple medical comorbidities, @entity2122 , syndromes and those over 12 years of age were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine if there was a relationship between risk factors (including @entity286 exposure, age, pre-operative diagnosis, operative findings and duration of follow-up) and the development of post-tympanostomy tube @entity2972 . RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-one @entity1 (average age of 1.92 years) were included. Overall, 16.8% of @entity1 (32/191) had exposure to @entity286 smoke. Of @entity1 with passive smoke exposure, 65.6% (21/32) developed @entity2972 , as compared to 45.3% (72/159) of those without @entity286 exposure. Passive exposure to @entity286 smoke by (OR  =  2.307; p  =  0.009; 95% CI, 1.734-6.028) and younger age (p  =  0.012; 95% CI, 0.602-0.938) were associated with increased risk for @entity2972 . DISCUSSION: This study suggests that in a cohort of @entity1 undergoing MTP, passive exposure to @entity286 smoke significantly increases the risk of developing post-operative @entity2972 . This information is valuable to include in parental preoperative counseling regarding tympanostomy tube placement.

title: The impact of @entity286 exposure on development of XXXX after myringotomy tube placement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2122 :: ('MESH:D019465', 'Disease') :: ['craniofacial anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2972 :: ('MESH:D002558', 'Disease') :: ['Otorrhea', 'otorrhea']

answer: @entity2972 :: (MESH:D002558,Disease) :: ['otorrhea']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2972 is a common sequela after myringotomy with tube placement (MTP). The purpose of this study was to identify any significant relationship between passive @entity286 exposure and the development of post-tympanostomy tube @entity2972 . METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed on 774 cases of @entity1 who underwent MTP by a single surgeon at a tertiary pediatric hospital from 2012 to 2014. @entity1 with multiple medical comorbidities, @entity2122 , syndromes and those over 12 years of age were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine if there was a relationship between risk factors (including @entity286 exposure, age, pre-operative diagnosis, operative findings and duration of follow-up) and the development of post-tympanostomy tube @entity2972 . RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-one @entity1 (average age of 1.92 years) were included. Overall, 16.8% of @entity1 (32/191) had exposure to @entity286 smoke. Of @entity1 with passive smoke exposure, 65.6% (21/32) developed @entity2972 , as compared to 45.3% (72/159) of those without @entity286 exposure. Passive exposure to @entity286 smoke by (OR  =  2.307; p  =  0.009; 95% CI, 1.734-6.028) and younger age (p  =  0.012; 95% CI, 0.602-0.938) were associated with increased risk for @entity2972 . DISCUSSION: This study suggests that in a cohort of @entity1 undergoing MTP, passive exposure to @entity286 smoke significantly increases the risk of developing post-operative @entity2972 . This information is valuable to include in parental preoperative counseling regarding tympanostomy tube placement.

title: The impact of XXXX exposure on development of @entity2972 after myringotomy tube placement.

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) is standard treatment for @entity5 . Randomized clinical trials in Europe have used 1 cycle @entity1139 , while North American studies use 2 cycles. We compared treatment outcomes between @entity1 treated with either 1 or 2 cycles of concurrent @entity1139 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: 217 consecutive @entity1 were treated definitively with chemoradiation from 2004 to 2012 in an integrated health system. Concurrent chemotherapy regimen depended on individual practice, and consisted of 2 cycles @entity1487 (1000 mg/m(2)/day on days 1-4 and 29-32), along with @entity1139 (10-15 mg/m(2)), given on either day 1 alone (n = 154), or days 1 and 29 (n = 63). Outcomes included progression-free (PFS), @entity5 (CSS), overall ( @entity3012 ), and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), as well as @entity137 criteria. RESULTS: Median age 60 years, 70% female, 52% T3-T4, and 40% node-positive. Median follow-up 26 months. At 2 years, outcomes were: PFS 80%, CSS 89%, @entity3012 86%, and @entity1349 88%. There was no difference in PFS (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.37-1.92), CSS (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.07-1.42), @entity3012 (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.25-1.83), or @entity1349 (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.31-2.67) between the MMC1 and MMC2 groups. Stage and male gender were predictive of worse outcomes. Acute grade     2 @entity137 were worse in the MMC2 group. There were 3 treatment-related deaths, all in the MMC2 group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that MMC1 is efficacious and may be an alternative to MMC2 in @entity1 with @entity5 treated with definitive chemoradiation, with the potential for less acute treatment-related @entity137 . Randomized trials comparing these two regimens could be considered.

title: Chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal: Comparison of one versus two cycles XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-specific', 'anal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin-C']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['colostomy-free survival', 'CFS']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin-C']


abstract: An in vitro ultrasonographic study was carried out to four @entity691 membranes of different thicknesses and on four normal surgical specimens from the rectal wall, to assess its various layers and their anatomical structure. Three different techniques were used, and an electronic equipment measured the thickness of the membranes and of the surgical specimens. @entity691 membranes less than 1000 microns thick gave linear echoes; the 1000-microns-thick membrane gave a three-layer image--two hyperechogenic layers separated by a hypoechogenic one. The rectal wall was @entity5932 (in the extraperitoneal rectum); their thickness ranged from 900 to 1000 microns and from 1500 to 8000 microns, respectively. Even though the @entity5932 propria each gave a three-layer ultrasonographic image ( @entity2915 ), the resulting image of the entire rectal wall was of five layers ( @entity2915 ). Transrectal scan carried out on 20 control @entity1 confirmed the results obtained in vitro, even though at times it was difficult to detect clearly the fifth layer. Interpretation of the five layers was as follows: the second and fourth corresponded to the @entity5932 , respectively; the first, third, and fifth were considered to reflect interfaces originating from different acoustic impedance structures. The fourth layer was always thicker than the second one. There was no difference between intra- and extra-peritoneal images. A further study carried out on nine @entity1 with @entity5 by transrectal ultrasonography proved the reliability of this method in assessing the cancer infiltration of the wall and its importance in the preoperative staging of @entity5 .

title: Transrectal ultrasonography: interpretation of normal intestinal wall structure for the preoperative staging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyethylene', 'polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity5932 :: ('MESH:C565008', 'Disease') :: ['mucosa-submucosa, the muscularis propria-serosa, and the muscularis', 'mucosa-submucosa and muscularis propria', 'separated into the mucosa-submucosa and the muscularis propria-serosa or muscularis propria']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyper-hypo-hyper-hypo-hyper', 'hyper-hypo-hyper']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7031 Background: We assessed SNPs in five DNA repair genes belonging to three of the major DNA repair pathways: @entity20319 @entity20322 , @entity20823 @entity32271 , @entity4735 @entity25980 , @entity4735 @entity20317 , @entity11833 @entity5359 , and @entity4736 @entity72204 and correlated the results with outcome in @entity14113 /cis-treated @entity1149 p. METHODS: 135 stage IV @entity1149 p were included from August 2001 to July 2002. TaqMan 5' nuclease assay was used to examine SNPs from baseline peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: p characteristics: median age: 61; 92% male; PS 0: 28.1%, 1: 71.9%; @entity420 : 46.7%. Overall outcome: response rate (RR) 43%; @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) 6.78 months (m); @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) 10.9 m. See table for distribution of genotypes. @entity1054 was 6.78 m for p with @entity4735 @entity67180 , 7.57m for @entity20317 , and 5.3 m for @entity72205 (P=0.03). In 41 p with lung metastases, @entity1054 was 6 m for p with @entity4736 C/C, 8.4 m for C/A, and 5.3 for A/A (P=0.03). @entity1054 was 11.3 m for 23 p with both @entity4735 @entity20317 and @entity4736 C/A, as compared to 6.6 m for 112 remaining p (P=0.006). A similar tendency was observed for @entity1349 (P=ns). No other significant differences according to genotype were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Heterozygosity for both @entity4735 751 and @entity4736 may be a predictive marker of chemosensitivity. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Combined DNA repair gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gemcitabine ( @entity14113 )/cisplatin (cis)-treated XXXX ( @entity1149 ) patients (p).

entities_list: @entity20322 :: ('p|SUB|R|399|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Arg399Gln']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

entities_list: @entity67180 :: ('p|SUB|K|751|K', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Lys751Lys']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity72205 :: ('p|SUB|Q|751|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Gln751Gln']

entities_list: @entity20317 :: ('p|SUB|K|751|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Lys751Gln']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['median survival', 'MS']

entities_list: @entity32271 :: ('p|SUB|T|241|M', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Thr241Met']

entities_list: @entity25980 :: ('p|SUB|D|312|N', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Asp312Asn']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7031 Background: We assessed SNPs in five DNA repair genes belonging to three of the major DNA repair pathways: @entity20319 @entity20322 , @entity20823 @entity32271 , @entity4735 @entity25980 , @entity4735 @entity20317 , @entity11833 @entity5359 , and @entity4736 @entity72204 and correlated the results with outcome in @entity14113 /cis-treated @entity1149 p. METHODS: 135 stage IV @entity1149 p were included from August 2001 to July 2002. TaqMan 5' nuclease assay was used to examine SNPs from baseline peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: p characteristics: median age: 61; 92% male; PS 0: 28.1%, 1: 71.9%; @entity420 : 46.7%. Overall outcome: response rate (RR) 43%; @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) 6.78 months (m); @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) 10.9 m. See table for distribution of genotypes. @entity1054 was 6.78 m for p with @entity4735 @entity67180 , 7.57m for @entity20317 , and 5.3 m for @entity72205 (P=0.03). In 41 p with lung metastases, @entity1054 was 6 m for p with @entity4736 C/C, 8.4 m for C/A, and 5.3 for A/A (P=0.03). @entity1054 was 11.3 m for 23 p with both @entity4735 @entity20317 and @entity4736 C/A, as compared to 6.6 m for 112 remaining p (P=0.006). A similar tendency was observed for @entity1349 (P=ns). No other significant differences according to genotype were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Heterozygosity for both @entity4735 751 and @entity4736 may be a predictive marker of chemosensitivity. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Combined DNA repair gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gemcitabine ( @entity14113 )/cisplatin (cis)-treated @entity1149 ( XXXX ) patients (p).

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7031 Background: We assessed SNPs in five DNA repair genes belonging to three of the major DNA repair pathways: @entity20319 @entity20322 , @entity20823 @entity32271 , @entity4735 @entity25980 , @entity4735 @entity20317 , @entity11833 @entity5359 , and @entity4736 @entity72204 and correlated the results with outcome in @entity14113 /cis-treated @entity1149 p. METHODS: 135 stage IV @entity1149 p were included from August 2001 to July 2002. TaqMan 5' nuclease assay was used to examine SNPs from baseline peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: p characteristics: median age: 61; 92% male; PS 0: 28.1%, 1: 71.9%; @entity420 : 46.7%. Overall outcome: response rate (RR) 43%; @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) 6.78 months (m); @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) 10.9 m. See table for distribution of genotypes. @entity1054 was 6.78 m for p with @entity4735 @entity67180 , 7.57m for @entity20317 , and 5.3 m for @entity72205 (P=0.03). In 41 p with lung metastases, @entity1054 was 6 m for p with @entity4736 C/C, 8.4 m for C/A, and 5.3 for A/A (P=0.03). @entity1054 was 11.3 m for 23 p with both @entity4735 @entity20317 and @entity4736 C/A, as compared to 6.6 m for 112 remaining p (P=0.006). A similar tendency was observed for @entity1349 (P=ns). No other significant differences according to genotype were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Heterozygosity for both @entity4735 751 and @entity4736 may be a predictive marker of chemosensitivity. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Combined DNA repair gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gemcitabine ( XXXX )/cisplatin (cis)-treated @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) patients (p).

answer: @entity14113 :: (C056507,Chemical) :: ['gem']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7049 Background: Current clinical staging of @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) does not specifically predict prognosis or identify @entity1 most likely to benefit from combined modality therapy. Previously, we showed that pathologic @entity5 size and SUVmax on FDG PET scan more accurately predicted prognosis after resection of @entity1149 than other clinical variables. To extend this work, we developed a novel FDG PET parameter, the total lesion glycolysis (TLG), which integrates noninvasively measured @entity5 volume and glycolytic activity (unit measurement = gms), and tested this as a prognostic indicator. METHODS: Retrospective database review revealed 95 previously untreated consecutive @entity1 who underwent a R0 resection of @entity1149 and also had a preoperative FDG PET scan. Parameters evaluated were: resected @entity5 size, @entity2802 status, histology, SUVmax, and TLG. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan Meier, prognostic factors by log rank. p was significant if <.05. RESULTS: Of 95 @entity1 studied, 29 died during the followup period. The median follow-up of surviving @entity1 was 21 months. TLG had a high rank correlation with the resected @entity5 volume (74%, p<0.001). By univariate analysis, SUVmax, TLG, nodal status, histology, @entity2802 status, and pathologic @entity5 diameter all predicted overall survival. However, by multivariable analysis, TLG was the only statistically significant independent predictor of overall survival. Each 10-fold increase in TLG almost doubled the risk of @entity204 , hazard ratio=1.9 (p<0.001). At 3 years, 80% of @entity1 with a TLG<125 gms were alive compared to 53% of those with TLG>125 gms (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: TLG is measurable preoperatively from PET images and is a novel non-invasive predictor of survival after @entity1149 resection. TLG can help select poor prognosis @entity5 for induction therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Novel noninvasive measurement of total @entity5 glycolysis by PET predicts survival after complete surgical resection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7049 Background: Current clinical staging of @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) does not specifically predict prognosis or identify @entity1 most likely to benefit from combined modality therapy. Previously, we showed that pathologic @entity5 size and SUVmax on FDG PET scan more accurately predicted prognosis after resection of @entity1149 than other clinical variables. To extend this work, we developed a novel FDG PET parameter, the total lesion glycolysis (TLG), which integrates noninvasively measured @entity5 volume and glycolytic activity (unit measurement = gms), and tested this as a prognostic indicator. METHODS: Retrospective database review revealed 95 previously untreated consecutive @entity1 who underwent a R0 resection of @entity1149 and also had a preoperative FDG PET scan. Parameters evaluated were: resected @entity5 size, @entity2802 status, histology, SUVmax, and TLG. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan Meier, prognostic factors by log rank. p was significant if <.05. RESULTS: Of 95 @entity1 studied, 29 died during the followup period. The median follow-up of surviving @entity1 was 21 months. TLG had a high rank correlation with the resected @entity5 volume (74%, p<0.001). By univariate analysis, SUVmax, TLG, nodal status, histology, @entity2802 status, and pathologic @entity5 diameter all predicted overall survival. However, by multivariable analysis, TLG was the only statistically significant independent predictor of overall survival. Each 10-fold increase in TLG almost doubled the risk of @entity204 , hazard ratio=1.9 (p<0.001). At 3 years, 80% of @entity1 with a TLG<125 gms were alive compared to 53% of those with TLG>125 gms (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: TLG is measurable preoperatively from PET images and is a novel non-invasive predictor of survival after @entity1149 resection. TLG can help select poor prognosis @entity5 for induction therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Novel noninvasive measurement of total XXXX glycolysis by PET predicts survival after complete surgical resection of @entity1149 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7080 Background: Chemotherapy for @entity1 >=  70 years of age with advanced NSCLC can be associated with greater @entity137 than in younger @entity1 . The identification of an efficacious therapy with minimal systemic @entity137 would be particularly beneficial to elderly subjects. @entity3866 ( @entity3866   ) has shown promising activity, and a tolerable side effect profile, in the treatment of @entity1 who have failed prior chemotherapy. We thus chose to conduct a single center phase II trial of @entity3866 in @entity1 >=  70 with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. METHODS: @entity1 : chemotherapy na  ve, IIIB (w/malignant effusion)/IV, PS 0-2; treated with @entity3866 , 150 mg p.o. q.d., until evidence of disease progression or @entity137 . Primary endpoint: median survival; secondary endpoints: response rate, quality of life (using LCSS), changes in FDG-PET, and analysis of EGFR signaling pathway from pre-treatment @entity5 specimens. RESULTS: From 3/03 to 12/03, 36 pts were treated; 30 evaluable for @entity137 and response; 1 for @entity137 only; 5 too early. M/F: 19/17; median age 76 (70-86); PS 0/1/2:6/28/2; Path: adeno, 56%; squamous 14%; adeno w/BAC features, 11%; BAC, 11%; NSCLC unclassified 11%, large cell, 2%. Smoking: current/former/never: 2/30/4. @entity137 : rash 77%(grade 1/2: 92%, grade 3: 8%, grade 4:0%), @entity294 61% (grade 1/2: 100%, grade3/4:0%). Other >=  grade 3 @entity137 : @entity55 2/31 (6.5%) and lacrimation 1/31 (3.2%). One @entity1 died from @entity137 ( @entity55 ); 3/31 (9.6%) were dose reduced; 2/31 (6.5%) discontinued. RESPONSE: CR:0; PR: 4 (13.3%; 95% CI 5 - 29%); SD: 14 (46.6%; 95% CI 31-64%); PD:12 (40%). Median duration of response and stable disease: 6.8 (range 3.5-7.5+) and 3.5 months (range 1.5-8.0+), respectively. Survival and FDG-PET imaging are too early to evaluate. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3866 appears to be well tolerated and demonstrates encouraging activity in @entity1 >=  70 years of age with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. Accrual is continuing to 60 @entity1 and updated response, survival and FDG-PET data will be presented. [Table: see text].

title: Preliminary results from a phase II study of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor XXXX in @entity1 > 70 years of age with previously untreated advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'drug toxicity', 'TOXICITY', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib', 'Erlotinib', 'Tarceva']

answer: @entity3866 :: (MESH:C400278,Chemical) :: ['erlotinib']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7080 Background: Chemotherapy for @entity1 >=  70 years of age with advanced NSCLC can be associated with greater @entity137 than in younger @entity1 . The identification of an efficacious therapy with minimal systemic @entity137 would be particularly beneficial to elderly subjects. @entity3866 ( @entity3866   ) has shown promising activity, and a tolerable side effect profile, in the treatment of @entity1 who have failed prior chemotherapy. We thus chose to conduct a single center phase II trial of @entity3866 in @entity1 >=  70 with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. METHODS: @entity1 : chemotherapy na  ve, IIIB (w/malignant effusion)/IV, PS 0-2; treated with @entity3866 , 150 mg p.o. q.d., until evidence of disease progression or @entity137 . Primary endpoint: median survival; secondary endpoints: response rate, quality of life (using LCSS), changes in FDG-PET, and analysis of EGFR signaling pathway from pre-treatment @entity5 specimens. RESULTS: From 3/03 to 12/03, 36 pts were treated; 30 evaluable for @entity137 and response; 1 for @entity137 only; 5 too early. M/F: 19/17; median age 76 (70-86); PS 0/1/2:6/28/2; Path: adeno, 56%; squamous 14%; adeno w/BAC features, 11%; BAC, 11%; NSCLC unclassified 11%, large cell, 2%. Smoking: current/former/never: 2/30/4. @entity137 : rash 77%(grade 1/2: 92%, grade 3: 8%, grade 4:0%), @entity294 61% (grade 1/2: 100%, grade3/4:0%). Other >=  grade 3 @entity137 : @entity55 2/31 (6.5%) and lacrimation 1/31 (3.2%). One @entity1 died from @entity137 ( @entity55 ); 3/31 (9.6%) were dose reduced; 2/31 (6.5%) discontinued. RESPONSE: CR:0; PR: 4 (13.3%; 95% CI 5 - 29%); SD: 14 (46.6%; 95% CI 31-64%); PD:12 (40%). Median duration of response and stable disease: 6.8 (range 3.5-7.5+) and 3.5 months (range 1.5-8.0+), respectively. Survival and FDG-PET imaging are too early to evaluate. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3866 appears to be well tolerated and demonstrates encouraging activity in @entity1 >=  70 years of age with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. Accrual is continuing to 60 @entity1 and updated response, survival and FDG-PET data will be presented. [Table: see text].

title: Preliminary results from a phase II study of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor @entity3866 in XXXX > 70 years of age with previously untreated advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6585 Background: Primary mediastinal @entity1892 (PMBL) has been recognized as a subtype of @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) with distinct characteristics (e.g.: seen most often in young females) and is thought to be of thymic origin. Other subtypes of @entity1892 may involve the mediastinum and may be confused with PMBL. The value of radiotherapy in @entity1892 with a mediastinal mass is debated. We conducted this retrospective analysis to study clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in @entity1 with @entity1892 and a mediastinal mass at presentation. METHODS: This is an analysis of 61 @entity1 diagnosed with diffuse large @entity1892 presenting with a mediastinal mass> 5 cms who received their initial treatment between June 1984 and October 2000. RESULTS: The median age was 41 years and 50% were females. 66% presented with elevated LDH and 63% had limited stage disease (stage I and II). 46 % of the @entity1 presented with mediastinal mass >10cms and 69% had B symptoms. 27% received adjuvant radiation therapy. All @entity1 received @entity5948 -containing chemotherapy. A complete remission was achieved in 62% and partial remission in 22% of the @entity1 . The median follow-up of surviving @entity1 is 7.6 years and the 5-year overall ( @entity3012 ) and event-free survival (EFS) is 55% and 38%, respectively. Older @entity1 had significantly poorer @entity3012 (p = 0.016), but age was not associated with EFS. Stage III and IV @entity1 had poorer outcome compared to stage I and II (EFS 58% vs. 24%, p = 0.025 and @entity3012 84% vs. 30%, p < 0.001). Tumor size, B symptoms, LDH and number of extra nodal sites were not significantly associated with outcome. @entity1 who received adjuvant radiation therapy compared to those who did not had better EFS (65% vs. 32%, p< 0.01), and @entity3012 (72% vs. 45%, p = 0.081). The use of radiation therapy improved outcome in @entity1 with stages I and II and not in III and IV. The advantage was most pronounced for stage II @entity1 (EFS p = 0.014 and @entity3012 p= 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity1892 with mediastinal mass who present with limited stage disease benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Diffuse large XXXX with mediastinal mass at presentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B cell lymphoma', 'DLBCL', 'B-cell lymphoma', 'diffuse large B cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B cell lymphoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9639 Background: Although @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) is usually considered as a specific disease entity, findings suggest diversity rather than a single clinicopathological entity. Clinical prognostic systems, including the International Prognostic Index (IPI), is useful in assessing overall prognosis with some reserve. It is likely that the prognostic assessment of @entity1 with @entity1892 might be improved by using biological features. METHODS: To determine the clinical significance and prognostic value of biological markers expressed in @entity1892 , we retrospectively studied 26 @entity1 diagnosed as de novo @entity1892 at Chungnam National University Hospital.Immunohistochemical studies were performed with @entity2282 , @entity4042 , @entity20630 , @entity588 , @entity986 , @entity10807 , and MHC-II, Ki-67 antibodies on archival pathology specimens. Two immunophenotypic patterns were distinguished according to the pattern of differentiation: germinal center (GC; @entity2282  / @entity4042 +/ @entity20630 -) or post-germinal center (pGC; @entity2282  / @entity4042  / @entity20630 +)type. RESULTS: The median age was 56 (range;37   69). 17 @entity1 (65.4%) were male. 5 @entity1 (19.2%) had 'B' symptoms. 11 @entity1 (42.3%) had the elevated LDH level. 5 @entity1 (19.2%) had bulky disease. After a median follow up duration of 48 months, the median survival time was 44 months with a range of 1   100+ months. 5-year overall survival rate was 32% by Kaplan-Meier method. The clinical factors affecting survival were serum LDH level, stage, B Symptom, bulky disease, stage at diagnosis. The only immunologic marker affecting survival was @entity588 . In @entity1 with the same IPI scores, @entity588 positive @entity1 had lower survival.(p = 0.002 ) The germinal center like type had better survival than post-germinal center like type but had no statistical significance. .(p = 0.064 ) Conclusion: Immunohistochemical profiles of @entity1892 maybe useful in predicting survival, especially @entity588 expression. Germinal center type had better survival than post-Germinal center like type without statistical significance. Large scale study in more @entity1 are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Prognostic significance of biomarkers of diffuse large XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphomas']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell lymphomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9636 Purpose: To determine the clinical predictors of survival and significance of @entity2467 and @entity1722 overexpression as prognostic markers in elderly males (age =/>65 years) with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, a retrospective chart review was performed to obtain demographic/clinical data on elderly males with a biopsy-proven @entity2 . @entity2467 and @entity1722 overexpression was also assessed using immunohistochemical techniques (IHC). RESULTS: 64 elderly males (mean age: 73.75 years; range: 65-87 years) were included in our study. 12/64 @entity1 (18.75%) had @entity151 ( @entity151 ) and 48 (75%) had @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). 4 @entity1 (6.25%) refused diagnostic biopsies. The most common diagnostic procedures were CT-guided biopsy (n=38, 59.37%) and transbronchial biopsy (n=12, 18.75%). Of the 64 @entity1 studied, 24 (37.5%) presented with cough, 16 (25%) as an incidental finding and 8 (12.5%) with @entity1353 . Cox regression analysis revealed that @entity1 with @entity1353 at presentation had a 4.25 greater odds (95% CI 1.8-10, p=0.01) of early demise as compared with cough. With increasing performance status (from ECOG 0 to 4), the hazards of dying increased by 1.27 times the previous level (p=0.005). Interestingly, of the 12 @entity1 with @entity151 , 4 (33.3%) revealed @entity2467 overexpression, while none of the @entity1149 specimens revealed overexpression. Also, after adjusting for confounding variables, @entity2467 overexpression was associated with a significant survival advantage (p=0.018) in @entity151 , using the Log rank test. In contrast, presence of @entity1722 /neu identified in 4 @entity1 with @entity151 (33.3%) and 9 @entity1149 @entity1 (18.75%) had an insignificant effect on survival (p=0.87) in elderly males with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Elderly males with @entity2 represent a select subgroup with characteristic clinical and pathologic features. @entity1722 overexpression seen in @entity1149 and @entity151 lacks prognostic significance in elderly males. Interestingly, however, @entity2467 overexpression, seen in    30% of the @entity151 cohort seems to confer a survival advantage. Further larger studies are needed to validate our findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Clinical features at presentation, @entity2467 , and XXXX overexpression as prognostic factors in elderly @entity1 with @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung carcinoma', 'LC']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['Her2/neu']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9636 Purpose: To determine the clinical predictors of survival and significance of @entity2467 and @entity1722 overexpression as prognostic markers in elderly males (age =/>65 years) with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, a retrospective chart review was performed to obtain demographic/clinical data on elderly males with a biopsy-proven @entity2 . @entity2467 and @entity1722 overexpression was also assessed using immunohistochemical techniques (IHC). RESULTS: 64 elderly males (mean age: 73.75 years; range: 65-87 years) were included in our study. 12/64 @entity1 (18.75%) had @entity151 ( @entity151 ) and 48 (75%) had @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). 4 @entity1 (6.25%) refused diagnostic biopsies. The most common diagnostic procedures were CT-guided biopsy (n=38, 59.37%) and transbronchial biopsy (n=12, 18.75%). Of the 64 @entity1 studied, 24 (37.5%) presented with cough, 16 (25%) as an incidental finding and 8 (12.5%) with @entity1353 . Cox regression analysis revealed that @entity1 with @entity1353 at presentation had a 4.25 greater odds (95% CI 1.8-10, p=0.01) of early demise as compared with cough. With increasing performance status (from ECOG 0 to 4), the hazards of dying increased by 1.27 times the previous level (p=0.005). Interestingly, of the 12 @entity1 with @entity151 , 4 (33.3%) revealed @entity2467 overexpression, while none of the @entity1149 specimens revealed overexpression. Also, after adjusting for confounding variables, @entity2467 overexpression was associated with a significant survival advantage (p=0.018) in @entity151 , using the Log rank test. In contrast, presence of @entity1722 /neu identified in 4 @entity1 with @entity151 (33.3%) and 9 @entity1149 @entity1 (18.75%) had an insignificant effect on survival (p=0.87) in elderly males with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Elderly males with @entity2 represent a select subgroup with characteristic clinical and pathologic features. @entity1722 overexpression seen in @entity1149 and @entity151 lacks prognostic significance in elderly males. Interestingly, however, @entity2467 overexpression, seen in    30% of the @entity151 cohort seems to confer a survival advantage. Further larger studies are needed to validate our findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Clinical features at presentation, @entity2467 , and @entity1722 overexpression as prognostic factors in elderly @entity1 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9636 Purpose: To determine the clinical predictors of survival and significance of @entity2467 and @entity1722 overexpression as prognostic markers in elderly males (age =/>65 years) with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, a retrospective chart review was performed to obtain demographic/clinical data on elderly males with a biopsy-proven @entity2 . @entity2467 and @entity1722 overexpression was also assessed using immunohistochemical techniques (IHC). RESULTS: 64 elderly males (mean age: 73.75 years; range: 65-87 years) were included in our study. 12/64 @entity1 (18.75%) had @entity151 ( @entity151 ) and 48 (75%) had @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). 4 @entity1 (6.25%) refused diagnostic biopsies. The most common diagnostic procedures were CT-guided biopsy (n=38, 59.37%) and transbronchial biopsy (n=12, 18.75%). Of the 64 @entity1 studied, 24 (37.5%) presented with cough, 16 (25%) as an incidental finding and 8 (12.5%) with @entity1353 . Cox regression analysis revealed that @entity1 with @entity1353 at presentation had a 4.25 greater odds (95% CI 1.8-10, p=0.01) of early demise as compared with cough. With increasing performance status (from ECOG 0 to 4), the hazards of dying increased by 1.27 times the previous level (p=0.005). Interestingly, of the 12 @entity1 with @entity151 , 4 (33.3%) revealed @entity2467 overexpression, while none of the @entity1149 specimens revealed overexpression. Also, after adjusting for confounding variables, @entity2467 overexpression was associated with a significant survival advantage (p=0.018) in @entity151 , using the Log rank test. In contrast, presence of @entity1722 /neu identified in 4 @entity1 with @entity151 (33.3%) and 9 @entity1149 @entity1 (18.75%) had an insignificant effect on survival (p=0.87) in elderly males with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Elderly males with @entity2 represent a select subgroup with characteristic clinical and pathologic features. @entity1722 overexpression seen in @entity1149 and @entity151 lacks prognostic significance in elderly males. Interestingly, however, @entity2467 overexpression, seen in    30% of the @entity151 cohort seems to confer a survival advantage. Further larger studies are needed to validate our findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Clinical features at presentation, XXXX , and @entity1722 overexpression as prognostic factors in elderly @entity1 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity2467 :: (3815,Gene) :: ['C-kit']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9636 Purpose: To determine the clinical predictors of survival and significance of @entity2467 and @entity1722 overexpression as prognostic markers in elderly males (age =/>65 years) with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, a retrospective chart review was performed to obtain demographic/clinical data on elderly males with a biopsy-proven @entity2 . @entity2467 and @entity1722 overexpression was also assessed using immunohistochemical techniques (IHC). RESULTS: 64 elderly males (mean age: 73.75 years; range: 65-87 years) were included in our study. 12/64 @entity1 (18.75%) had @entity151 ( @entity151 ) and 48 (75%) had @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). 4 @entity1 (6.25%) refused diagnostic biopsies. The most common diagnostic procedures were CT-guided biopsy (n=38, 59.37%) and transbronchial biopsy (n=12, 18.75%). Of the 64 @entity1 studied, 24 (37.5%) presented with cough, 16 (25%) as an incidental finding and 8 (12.5%) with @entity1353 . Cox regression analysis revealed that @entity1 with @entity1353 at presentation had a 4.25 greater odds (95% CI 1.8-10, p=0.01) of early demise as compared with cough. With increasing performance status (from ECOG 0 to 4), the hazards of dying increased by 1.27 times the previous level (p=0.005). Interestingly, of the 12 @entity1 with @entity151 , 4 (33.3%) revealed @entity2467 overexpression, while none of the @entity1149 specimens revealed overexpression. Also, after adjusting for confounding variables, @entity2467 overexpression was associated with a significant survival advantage (p=0.018) in @entity151 , using the Log rank test. In contrast, presence of @entity1722 /neu identified in 4 @entity1 with @entity151 (33.3%) and 9 @entity1149 @entity1 (18.75%) had an insignificant effect on survival (p=0.87) in elderly males with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Elderly males with @entity2 represent a select subgroup with characteristic clinical and pathologic features. @entity1722 overexpression seen in @entity1149 and @entity151 lacks prognostic significance in elderly males. Interestingly, however, @entity2467 overexpression, seen in    30% of the @entity151 cohort seems to confer a survival advantage. Further larger studies are needed to validate our findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Clinical features at presentation, @entity2467 , and @entity1722 overexpression as prognostic factors in elderly XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9630 Background: This study was performed to evaluate the clinical features and outcome of @entity1 with @entity14 ( @entity14 ) in Iran. METHODS: All cases of @entity14 presented to a main countryside referral University hospital (SGH) for @entity5 in Teheran, Iran between June 20,2000 and January 3,2003 were retrospectively reviewed to determine age, gender, subsite distribution, early symptoms, ethnicity, type of the @entity14 and the chemotherapy management. RESULTS: A total of 200 @entity1 were included .114 @entity1 (57.0%) were male and 86 were female (43.0%) .Age ranged from 13-90 years with a mean of 55.15+/- 14.5 years.16.5% of @entity1 were below 40 years of age.The @entity5 were classified as : appendix (n=4), cecum ( n=7), Right Cancers (RC), from the cecum to hepatic flexure (n=1), hepatic flexure ( n=2), Transverse Colon (n=19), Splenic Flexure (n=3), Left Colon (LC) from the Splenic Flexure down to Sigmoid (n=6), Sigmoid ( n=16), Rectum ( n=117), Rectosigmoid _ Rectal lesions (n=16), and @entity14 without known locations (n=9). @entity3079 was the most common (n=181, 90%), followed by Mucinous AC (n=15), @entity6461 (n=1), @entity4303 (n=1), @entity320 (n=1), @entity2580 (n=1). The most common presenting symptom was @entity548 ( n=68, 34.5%) . 37% of @entity1 had @entity417 at the time of diagnosis. 130 of @entity1 underwent chemotherapy and the combination of @entity1487 and @entity4181 was predominanat. (n=104, 52%) Younger @entity1 significantly had more Mucinous AC (p=.008) and took more @entity1487 .(p=0.05) Conclusions: We have no reports from the Epidemiology of @entity14 in Iran since 1977. the data suggested a younger age distribution for @entity14 . we found no significant difference between age, gender and type of @entity5 with subsite distribution . Distal (left-sided) @entity14 was more prevalent. 30.5% of @entity1 were diagnosed by screening studies which highly suggests the procedure. 1 out of 200 @entity1 was ethnically Jews and because of high risk in these @entity1 with a population of 26,354 in a 61M in Iran, so more investigation is needed. @entity417 was less common in our population. younger @entity1 received medical attention and @entity1487 medication earlier and more. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: The epidemiology, clinical findings and prognosis of XXXX in Iran.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['Leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity3079 :: ('MESH:D002288', 'Disease') :: ['Non-Mucinous Adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Rectal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2580 :: ('MESH:D018279', 'Disease') :: ['Signet ring carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'Colorectal lesions', 'CRC']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinoid']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['Melanoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9657 Background: The Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) is a validated prognostic tool, based on @entity0 size, node involvement and Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) grading, that is able to predict survival in pts with @entity0 , and allows their stratification into three different prognostic groups. METHODS: The purpose of this retrospective study was to verify, according to our experience with a long-term follow-up, the effect of some prognostic variables on @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and to establish the independent influence of each of them by means of a survival regression analysis. Then we applied the NPI to the same group of pts in order to assess the predictive power and reproducibility of the index. 467 @entity1 with stages I or II treated from November 1979 to March 2002 were evaluated. The follow-up was complete for all pts, with a median of 66 months (range 12-280 m). RESULTS: @entity1349 for all pts at 10 years was 74.6%. A significant difference in @entity1349 was demonstrated for lymph node involvement, @entity5 size, histological grade, age and ER status in the univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazard model), lymph node involvement, @entity5 size, histological grade and age remained as independent prognostic factors. The @entity1349 curves obtained after applying the NPI are similar to those for the factors with independent prognostic significance derived from our multivariate analysis. Pts with NPI 3.4 or less had survival rate at 10 years of 92%, pts with NPI 3,5-5,4 had 73% and 52 % of those with an index sum >5.5, respectively. Similarly, mean NPI was higher in @entity1 <=  40 years old, compared with those > 40 years (p< 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the variables used to elaborate NPI score, age emerged as an important predictor both for time to relapse and survival. Future investigations should consider if its inclusion can aid to the developing of a more exact prognostic tool. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: The Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) applied to 467 XXXX (pts) with a long-term follow-up that were treated in a single institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumour']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9681 Background: : Although @entity4153 has been recognized as a rare and distinct clinicopathologic entity, limited data is available about its clinical behavior and outcome. Our experience with @entity4153 over the @entity19071 decades is presented here. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity4153 were identified using Saskatchewan Cancer Registry - Canada, from 1971-2002. Diagnosis was based on immunohistochemistry and/or morphology. @entity1 with abnormal chest radiology at diagnosis or with well-differentiated @entity5 or Merkel cell @entity189 were excluded. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: A total of 101 eligible @entity1 with @entity4153 were identified. Median age was 72 yrs (24-100) and M:F was 1.4:1. Median duration of symptoms prior to definitive diagnosis was 2 months [m] (0.25-40). 51 @entity1 had localized disease and 50 had @entity66 .No significant difference was noted in age, gender distribution, comorbid illness, and incidence of of secondary @entity5 , however 96% of @entity1 with limited disease (LD) had ECOG performance status of <= 2 compared with 52% in @entity66 ( @entity66 ) [p=<0.0001]. The primary disease sites were as follows: Breast n=9; gastrointestinal n=20, genitourinary n=18, gynecologic n=11, head _ neck n=10, thymus n=2, and unknown primary n=31 . Ninety percent of @entity1 with LD received treatment and 98% of them had an objective response (OR). In contrast, 54% @entity1 with @entity66 received therapy and 44% of them had OR(p<0.0001). Median progression/relapse free survival in responding @entity1 with LD was 20+ m (2-276) compared with 12+ m (2-68) in @entity66 (p<0.0001). All the @entity1 with LD had median OS of 34+ m (0.2-276) compared with 2+ m (0.1-108) in @entity1 with @entity66 (p<0.0001). 5 year survival in @entity1 with LD was 31% compared with 2% in @entity1 with @entity66 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that natural history of @entity4153 seems comparable to small cell @entity2 and that extent of disease is an important factor predicting survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Largest series of @entity4153 ( XXXX ): The Saskatchewan Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['extensive disease', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of lung']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity4153 :: (MESH:D018288,Disease) :: ['ESCC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9681 Background: : Although @entity4153 has been recognized as a rare and distinct clinicopathologic entity, limited data is available about its clinical behavior and outcome. Our experience with @entity4153 over the @entity19071 decades is presented here. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity4153 were identified using Saskatchewan Cancer Registry - Canada, from 1971-2002. Diagnosis was based on immunohistochemistry and/or morphology. @entity1 with abnormal chest radiology at diagnosis or with well-differentiated @entity5 or Merkel cell @entity189 were excluded. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: A total of 101 eligible @entity1 with @entity4153 were identified. Median age was 72 yrs (24-100) and M:F was 1.4:1. Median duration of symptoms prior to definitive diagnosis was 2 months [m] (0.25-40). 51 @entity1 had localized disease and 50 had @entity66 .No significant difference was noted in age, gender distribution, comorbid illness, and incidence of of secondary @entity5 , however 96% of @entity1 with limited disease (LD) had ECOG performance status of <= 2 compared with 52% in @entity66 ( @entity66 ) [p=<0.0001]. The primary disease sites were as follows: Breast n=9; gastrointestinal n=20, genitourinary n=18, gynecologic n=11, head _ neck n=10, thymus n=2, and unknown primary n=31 . Ninety percent of @entity1 with LD received treatment and 98% of them had an objective response (OR). In contrast, 54% @entity1 with @entity66 received therapy and 44% of them had OR(p<0.0001). Median progression/relapse free survival in responding @entity1 with LD was 20+ m (2-276) compared with 12+ m (2-68) in @entity66 (p<0.0001). All the @entity1 with LD had median OS of 34+ m (0.2-276) compared with 2+ m (0.1-108) in @entity1 with @entity66 (p<0.0001). 5 year survival in @entity1 with LD was 31% compared with 2% in @entity1 with @entity66 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that natural history of @entity4153 seems comparable to small cell @entity2 and that extent of disease is an important factor predicting survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Largest series of XXXX ( @entity4153 ): The Saskatchewan Experience.

answer: @entity4153 :: (MESH:D018288,Disease) :: ['extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7005 Background: Standard therapy for unresectable stage III @entity1149 includes concomitant chemoradiotherapy. In CALGB 39801, we evaluated whether the addition of induction chemotherapy prior to CT/XRT would result in improved survival. METHODS: Between 10/1998 and 5/2002, 366 stage III @entity1 (pts) were randomized to either immediate CT/XRT [ @entity3003 AUC of 2 and @entity1311 50 mg/m(2) each given weekly during 66 Gy chest XRT to; arm 1 (182 pts)] or two cycles of @entity3003 AUC 6 and @entity1311 200 mg/m(2) given q 21 days x 2 cycles followed by identical @entity489 (184 pts). The accrual goal was 360 @entity1 . 290 deaths were required to have 80% power to detect a 40% increase in median survival assuming a one-tailed log-rank test conducted at the 0.025 level of significance. RESULTS: 34% of pts were female, 66% male and 63% were age 60 or older. Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 during induction chemotherapy consisted mainly of @entity1398 (17%/21%). During CT/XRT, grade 3/4 @entity1398 was noted in 11%/4% (arm 1) versus 21%/6% ( @entity489 ), grade 3 @entity417 was 5% vs 11%, grade 3/4 fatigue 16%/1% vs 16%/4%, @entity2910 30%/1% vs 28%/7%, and @entity1353 9%/3% vs 15%/4%. Overall, 4 @entity137 were experienced by 24% of @entity1 on arm 1 versus 41% on @entity489 (p=0.001). With 254 of 290 targeted deaths, median survival on arm 1 is 11.4 months versus 14 months on @entity489 (p=0.154). One year survival estimates are 48% (41%-57%) and 54% (47%-62%) respectively. CONCLUSION: The median survival achieved in each of the treatment groups is low compared to other recent experiences in the literature. The reason(s) for this are uncertain. The addition of induction chemotherapy to immediate concurrent CT/XRT is associated with a 2.6 month increase in median survival. However these findings are not sufficient to reject the null hypothesis of no treatment difference between the two study arms. Further follow up of this data set is required. Our results do not support the use of induction chemotherapy followed by CT/XRT as evidence based standard of care for @entity1 with unresectable stage III @entity1149 . [Table: see text].

title: Induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CT/XRT) versus CT/XRT alone for regionally advanced unresectable XXXX ( @entity1149 ): Initial analysis of a randomized phase III trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7005 Background: Standard therapy for unresectable stage III @entity1149 includes concomitant chemoradiotherapy. In CALGB 39801, we evaluated whether the addition of induction chemotherapy prior to CT/XRT would result in improved survival. METHODS: Between 10/1998 and 5/2002, 366 stage III @entity1 (pts) were randomized to either immediate CT/XRT [ @entity3003 AUC of 2 and @entity1311 50 mg/m(2) each given weekly during 66 Gy chest XRT to; arm 1 (182 pts)] or two cycles of @entity3003 AUC 6 and @entity1311 200 mg/m(2) given q 21 days x 2 cycles followed by identical @entity489 (184 pts). The accrual goal was 360 @entity1 . 290 deaths were required to have 80% power to detect a 40% increase in median survival assuming a one-tailed log-rank test conducted at the 0.025 level of significance. RESULTS: 34% of pts were female, 66% male and 63% were age 60 or older. Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 during induction chemotherapy consisted mainly of @entity1398 (17%/21%). During CT/XRT, grade 3/4 @entity1398 was noted in 11%/4% (arm 1) versus 21%/6% ( @entity489 ), grade 3 @entity417 was 5% vs 11%, grade 3/4 fatigue 16%/1% vs 16%/4%, @entity2910 30%/1% vs 28%/7%, and @entity1353 9%/3% vs 15%/4%. Overall, 4 @entity137 were experienced by 24% of @entity1 on arm 1 versus 41% on @entity489 (p=0.001). With 254 of 290 targeted deaths, median survival on arm 1 is 11.4 months versus 14 months on @entity489 (p=0.154). One year survival estimates are 48% (41%-57%) and 54% (47%-62%) respectively. CONCLUSION: The median survival achieved in each of the treatment groups is low compared to other recent experiences in the literature. The reason(s) for this are uncertain. The addition of induction chemotherapy to immediate concurrent CT/XRT is associated with a 2.6 month increase in median survival. However these findings are not sufficient to reject the null hypothesis of no treatment difference between the two study arms. Further follow up of this data set is required. Our results do not support the use of induction chemotherapy followed by CT/XRT as evidence based standard of care for @entity1 with unresectable stage III @entity1149 . [Table: see text].

title: Induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CT/XRT) versus CT/XRT alone for regionally advanced unresectable @entity1149 ( XXXX ): Initial analysis of a randomized phase III trial.

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6657 Background: Median survival with conventional therapy in @entity1582 is usually less than 40 months. Two prospective randomised trials (IFM 90 and MRC trial) showed superiority of high-dose therapy with autologous SCT over conventional treatment, although other trials were unable to confirm a statistical significant benefit. Here we report the results of high dose chemotherapy in all @entity1 (> 99.5%) with @entity1582 treated in Austria. METHODS: 324 @entity1 treated with autologous SCT from 1989 onwards have retrospectively been analysed. Median age: 55.6 years (range 24.6 -70.7 years). Peripheral blood stem cells were used in 317 and bone-marrow derived stem cells in 7 @entity1 . 170 @entity1 were treated with single (ST) and 98 with double transplantation (DT), while all other @entity1 received >2 autografts during the whole course of their disease. The influence of @entity348 ( @entity348 ) and interferon (IFN) maintenance was also analysed. All but one @entity1 were evaluable for survival, and 265 @entity1 were evaluable for response. RESULTS: A CR (without proof of negative immunofixation) was achieved in 37% and a PR in 53% of @entity1 ( OR 90% ). TRM was 2.5% at 3 months, and median survival 66.5 months at a median follow-up of 14.2 months. DT yielded a significantly longer overall survival as compared to ST (p< 0.05; survival at 1 year 86% vs. 71%, respectively). There was a tendency for a shorter survival in @entity1 with @entity348 as compared to those without @entity348 (survival 51 months vs. not reached, p=n.s.). Preliminary analysis shows significant prolongation of maintenance duration and survival with IFN maintenance treatment, but final analysis of a matched pair analysis will be presented. CONCLUSIONS: High dose chemotherapy with autologous SCT revealed a favourable survival (66.5 months) in @entity1 with @entity1582 of which only a minority have been treated in clinical trials in Austria. DT was associated with a significantly longer survival, while use of @entity348 was associated with a tendency towards shorter survival. Preliminary data suggest beneficial effects of IFN on maintenance duration and on survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Results of autologous transplantation for @entity1582 ( XXXX ) in Austria. An analysis based on data from the Austrian Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) Registry.

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'total body irradiation']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['MM']