abstract: Substrate-specific inhibition of the proteasome has been unachievable despite great interest in proteasome inhibitors as drugs. Recent studies demonstrated that @entity45659 , a natural @entity1521 - and @entity369 -rich antibacterial peptide, stimulates angiogenesis and inhibits inflammatory responses by specifically blocking degradation of @entity4284 and @entity7738 by the proteasome. However, molecular events involved in the @entity45659 -proteasome interaction have not been elucidated. Here we show that @entity45659 is a noncompetitive and reversible inhibitor of the proteasome function. This effect is achieved by a unique allosteric mechanism allowing for specific inhibition of degradation of selected proteins without affecting total proteasome-dependent proteolysis. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies demonstrate that 20S and 26S proteasomes treated with @entity45659 or its derivatives exhibit serious perturbations in their structure and their normal allosteric movements. These effects are universal for proteasomes from @entity375 to @entity1 . The shortest functional sequence derived from @entity45659 still showing the allosteric inhibitory effect consists of eleven @entity2733 -terminal residues containing essential three @entity2733 -terminal arginines. The noncompetitive and reversible in vitro action of @entity45659 and its truncated derivatives is matched by the ability of the peptides to induce angiogenesis in vivo. We postulate that @entity45659 changes conformational dynamics of the proteasomes by interactions with the noncatalytic subunit alpha7 in a way that prevents the enzyme from cleaving the substrates of unique structural constraints.

title: @entity1521 - and XXXX -rich peptides constitute a novel class of allosteric inhibitors of proteasome activity.

answer: @entity369 :: (CHEBI:29016,Chemical) :: ['arginine']


abstract: Laboratories contemplating either the addition of new molecular tests or modifying methods approved by the Food and Drug Administration for @entity1082 testing should be aware of a variety of procedural, performance, and regulatory issues surrounding such activity. Diagnostic medical laboratory testing in the United States is regulated by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, an agency formerly known as the Health Care Finance Administration. The regulatory vehicle of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services is manifested in the @entity922 ( @entity922 ). The @entity922 program has put into place specific regulations for laboratory quality control, which includes specific recommendations for method validation. Regulations that must be followed regarding personnel, quality control, quality assurance, method validation, and proficiency testing depend on the complexity category of the individual test. All molecular diagnostic tests, including those for @entity1082 , are considered high complexity. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services retains the authority to allow private, national accreditation organizations to "deem" that a laboratory is compliant with @entity922 '88 requirements. Accreditation organizations, such as the Joint Commission for Accreditation of Hospitals, the Commission on Office Laboratory Accreditation, and the College of American Pathologists (CAP), as well as several state medical laboratory-accrediting agencies, possess the authority to deem laboratories as " @entity922 -approved." The CAP, through its Laboratory Accreditation Program, has promoted standards for laboratory performance and method validation. In general, guidelines set forth in the CAP Laboratory Accreditation Program checklists specify that all clinical laboratory testing must essentially meet those requirements defined for high-complexity testing under @entity922 '88, including test validation standards, reportable/reference ranges, performance criteria, and proficiency testing.

title: Achieving quality reproducible results and maintaining compliance in molecular diagnostic testing of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments', 'CLIA']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: @entity11367 is an uncommon but important problem in the @entity1 with @entity1230 . Since diaphragmatic injuries are difficult to diagnose, those that are missed may present with latent symptoms of @entity1744 . From 1957 to 1982, we treated 41 @entity1 with @entity11367 . In 39 @entity1 (95%), @entity2914 followed blunt @entity130 . The herniation occurred on the right side in 14 @entity1 and on the left side in 29; it was bilateral in 2. Twenty-four @entity1 had diagnostic chest radiographs, and an additional 11 had abnormal but nondiagnostic studies. Peritoneal lavage was of little value in making the preoperative diagnosis. Twenty-three @entity1 underwent laparotomy only, 13 required thoracotomy alone, and 5 had combined laparotomy and thoracotomy. There were 7 deaths (17%) from associated injuries. Only one missed injury was encountered; a second delayed @entity547 , initially treated elsewhere, was repaired 45 years after the original @entity130 . @entity11367 should be suspected on the basis of an abnormal chest radiograph in the @entity130 victim with @entity1230 . Right-sided injuries occur more commonly than previously thought and often require dual incisions (laparotomy and thoracotomy) for diagnosis and treatment. The organization of emergency care for such @entity1 is critical in avoiding the potential of long-term sequelae.

title: XXXX : a continuing challenge.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11367 :: ('MESH:D006549', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic diaphragmatic hernias', 'Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia']

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragmatic hernia']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple injuries']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction and strangulation']

answer: @entity11367 :: (MESH:D006549,Disease) :: ['Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia']


abstract: Over a 10 year period, between 1974-1984, 257 adult cases of tissue @entity242 have been evaluated in the Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital, Manchester. At registration locally advanced or metastatic diseases was present in 162 (63%). The male/female ratio was 1.5:1 and median age 54 years (range 14-85). The commonest sites were lower limb (33%), visceral (21%), trunk (13%), retroperitoneum (12%) and upper limb (10%). @entity1822 (27%), @entity1821 (14%) malignant @entity82 (10%) and neuro plus @entity1492 (15%) were the most frequent histological subtypes. A high proportion of uterine @entity242 (17%) is a point of distinction from many other series. Histological grade was specified in 72% of cases and the distribution (Grade I--27%; II--6%; III--67%) reflected a referral bias towards @entity1442 . Local resection of the primary @entity5 was performed in 76% of cases. In many instances this only amounted to 'shelling out' and true compartmental excisions were rare. Amputation was performed in 31% of @entity1 with limb @entity242 . Ninety-eight @entity1 (38%) had experienced one or more local recurrences prior to referral and the overall local recurrence rate was 56%. Suitable @entity1 (78%) received chemotherapy, 50% entering multicentre trials in collaboration with the EORTC. The commonest regime used in @entity1 with @entity1442 was CYVADIC which produced an overall response rate of 37%. @entity1260 , used as a single agent in 16 @entity1 , induced 3CR and 5PR for an overall response rate of 50%. When used in combination with @entity1500 and VADIC, there was no difference in response rate, but numbers in these pilot studies were small. Seventeen high risk @entity1 received adjuvant chemotherapy with VAC, but the results (11 relapses) were disappointing. An EORTC trial, comparing adjuvant CYVADIC chemotherapy with control has accrued 307 @entity1 , 49 of these from the Christie Hospital. Preliminary results within this centre - 13/25 relapses in the control arm, 5/23 in the chemotherapy arm-suggest an advantage for chemotherapy but the data are statistically not significant. Post-operative radical radiotherapy after resection of the primary @entity5 or local recurrence was performed in 51 @entity1 , with local control in 65% of cases, although metastases developed in 41%. At the time of analysis (1st April 1984) 98 (38%) were alive, of whom 72 showed no evidence of disease and 52 had never relapsed. @entity5 was the cause of @entity204 in 92%. Overall survival was not influenced by sex, but @entity1 less than 40 years of age fared significantly better (P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Combined modality management of local and disseminated adult soft tissue XXXX : a review of 257 cases seen over 10 years at the Christie Hospital _ Holt Radium Institute, Manchester.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous histiocytoma']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant disease', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['Leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['Ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1821 :: ('MESH:D008080', 'Disease') :: ['liposarcoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: Standard heparin, an effective treatment for antepartum @entity1031 , is thought to be safe for the fetus since it does not cross the placenta. Recently, a number of low molecular weight heparins have been prepared which have been shown to produce less @entity548 than standard heparin for an equivalent antithrombotic effect in experimental animals. These observations suggest that the low molecular weight heparins may also provide superior antithrombotic therapy in antepartum @entity1031 . However, it is not known whether the low molecular weight heparins cross the placenta. To determine this, we examined the pharmacokinetics of 125I-labelled standard heparin and a low molecular weight heparin, and their anticoagulant effects in mother and fetus, using a pregnant @entity742 model. Catheters were inserted into maternal and fetal femoral arteries at 108-119 d gestation (term: 147 d). 1-3 days later the mothers were given a bolus i.v. injection of 5000 anti-Xa units of 125I-labelled standard heparin or low molecular weight heparin, @entity28052 . Nine serial blood samples were collected over 4 h from both mother and fetus for measurements of radioactivity, anti-Xa activity (chromogenic) and activated partial thromboplastin times. When therapeutic levels of standard and @entity28052 heparins were achieved in the mother, there was no detectable radioactivity or anticoagulant effect in the fetus. We conclude that standard heparin and the low molecular weight @entity28052 do not cross the placenta in the pregnant @entity742 .

title: Placental transport of low molecular weight heparin in the pregnant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: Tryptase and @entity3920 immunolocalization techniques have been used to examine the distribution, activation, and tryptase/ @entity3920 phenotype of mast cells (MCs) in 107 endometrial specimens that represented every day of the @entity1 menstrual cycle. MCs were identified in the endometrium in all stages of the menstrual cycle; similar MC numbers were observed for the functionalis, basalis, and muscularis. Extensive MC activation/degranulation, as judged by extracellular tryptase, was a common feature of the functionalis in specimens sampled just prior to and during menstruation. MC activation was also prominent in the functionalis at times coincident with recognized stromal @entity4 . MCs of the functionalis did not contain @entity3920 ; all stained for tryptase and represent the MCT phenotype. By contrast, the basalis and muscularis showed a proportion of MCs containing both tryptase and @entity3920 , MCTC. One important function for extracellular MC tryptase and @entity3920 is their ability to activate precursor forms of the matrix metalloproteinases, enzymes recognized as instrumental in stromal degradation. Quantitative analysis of MC numbers, expressed relative to stromal cell numbers/mm2, indicated no major changes during the menstrual cycle, although changes in MC morphology, granule content, and activation/degranulation were recognized for specific stages. Eosinophils, detected with monoclonal antibodies @entity23464 and EG2, were absent from extravascular sites between Days 5 and 26 but showed local accumulations just prior to and during menstruation. Since MCs and eosinophils between them contain a variety of potent mediators, it seems likely that both cell types assume important functional roles in relation to tissue and vascular remodeling associated with endometrial physiology.

title: Mast cell and eosinophil distribution and activation in XXXX endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity12661 is defined as a @entity1018 due to bilateral retrogeniculate lesions (geniculocalcarine @entity1939 ). @entity1052 is a combination of disorientation for left and right, finger @entity1054 , and profound @entity1055 , @entity5545 , and @entity1056 . It is due to a lesion in the left angular gyrus, situated at the confluence of the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. We report on a @entity1 who suffered from severe underdiagnosed @entity3036 and who developed bilateral extensive medial temporal, parietal, and calcarine @entity1188 during an eclamptic fit. In addition, @entity63 destroyed the left angular gyrus. The combination of these lesions led to @entity1052 with additional @entity1054 and cortical @entity892 . For the first few months following the @entity63 insult, the @entity1 had been cortically blind. Thereafter, the @entity1 slowly regained a visual acuity of 0.1 in both eyes. She then experienced monocular and binocular @entity892 . Her ocular motility was normal; there was no phoria or tropia. Monocular and binocular @entity892 slowly became less severe over the following year. Now, 2 years after the incident, the @entity1 has a visual acuity of 0.2 in both eyes and no double vision. However, the handicapping symptoms of @entity1052 , which make leading a normal life impossible, have persisted--the @entity1 still cannot cope alone, mainly due to the severe disorientation for left and right. The picture of @entity1054 , cortical @entity892 , and @entity1052 is a very rare combination. Visual recovery and rehabilitation in cortical @entity1939 are severely affected and made difficult by the symptoms of @entity1052 . In our case the reason for such a dramatic clinical picture was @entity3036 , whose prodomes had not been diagnosed in time.

title: Eclamptogenic @entity1052 in combination with XXXX and cortical @entity892 .

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['loss of vision']

entities_list: @entity1052 :: ('MESH:D005862', 'Disease') :: ["Gerstmann's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity1056 :: ('MESH:D060705', 'Disease') :: ['acalculia']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic infarctions']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity12661 :: ('MESH:D019575', 'Disease') :: ['Cortical blindness']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['agnosia', 'cortical agnosia']

answer: @entity1054 :: (MESH:D000377,Disease) :: ['cortical agnosia']


abstract: @entity12661 is defined as a @entity1018 due to bilateral retrogeniculate lesions (geniculocalcarine @entity1939 ). @entity1052 is a combination of disorientation for left and right, finger @entity1054 , and profound @entity1055 , @entity5545 , and @entity1056 . It is due to a lesion in the left angular gyrus, situated at the confluence of the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. We report on a @entity1 who suffered from severe underdiagnosed @entity3036 and who developed bilateral extensive medial temporal, parietal, and calcarine @entity1188 during an eclamptic fit. In addition, @entity63 destroyed the left angular gyrus. The combination of these lesions led to @entity1052 with additional @entity1054 and cortical @entity892 . For the first few months following the @entity63 insult, the @entity1 had been cortically blind. Thereafter, the @entity1 slowly regained a visual acuity of 0.1 in both eyes. She then experienced monocular and binocular @entity892 . Her ocular motility was normal; there was no phoria or tropia. Monocular and binocular @entity892 slowly became less severe over the following year. Now, 2 years after the incident, the @entity1 has a visual acuity of 0.2 in both eyes and no double vision. However, the handicapping symptoms of @entity1052 , which make leading a normal life impossible, have persisted--the @entity1 still cannot cope alone, mainly due to the severe disorientation for left and right. The picture of @entity1054 , cortical @entity892 , and @entity1052 is a very rare combination. Visual recovery and rehabilitation in cortical @entity1939 are severely affected and made difficult by the symptoms of @entity1052 . In our case the reason for such a dramatic clinical picture was @entity3036 , whose prodomes had not been diagnosed in time.

title: Eclamptogenic @entity1052 in combination with @entity1054 and cortical XXXX .

answer: @entity892 :: (MESH:D004172,Disease) :: ['diplopia']


abstract: @entity12661 is defined as a @entity1018 due to bilateral retrogeniculate lesions (geniculocalcarine @entity1939 ). @entity1052 is a combination of disorientation for left and right, finger @entity1054 , and profound @entity1055 , @entity5545 , and @entity1056 . It is due to a lesion in the left angular gyrus, situated at the confluence of the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. We report on a @entity1 who suffered from severe underdiagnosed @entity3036 and who developed bilateral extensive medial temporal, parietal, and calcarine @entity1188 during an eclamptic fit. In addition, @entity63 destroyed the left angular gyrus. The combination of these lesions led to @entity1052 with additional @entity1054 and cortical @entity892 . For the first few months following the @entity63 insult, the @entity1 had been cortically blind. Thereafter, the @entity1 slowly regained a visual acuity of 0.1 in both eyes. She then experienced monocular and binocular @entity892 . Her ocular motility was normal; there was no phoria or tropia. Monocular and binocular @entity892 slowly became less severe over the following year. Now, 2 years after the incident, the @entity1 has a visual acuity of 0.2 in both eyes and no double vision. However, the handicapping symptoms of @entity1052 , which make leading a normal life impossible, have persisted--the @entity1 still cannot cope alone, mainly due to the severe disorientation for left and right. The picture of @entity1054 , cortical @entity892 , and @entity1052 is a very rare combination. Visual recovery and rehabilitation in cortical @entity1939 are severely affected and made difficult by the symptoms of @entity1052 . In our case the reason for such a dramatic clinical picture was @entity3036 , whose prodomes had not been diagnosed in time.

title: Eclamptogenic XXXX in combination with @entity1054 and cortical @entity892 .

answer: @entity1052 :: (MESH:D005862,Disease) :: ['Gerstmann's syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: The goal of the study was to evaluate the outcome and complications after percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) insertion in advanced and terminal-stage gynecological @entity5 with @entity1695 ( @entity1695 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed data of 117 @entity1 with @entity1695 due to gynecological @entity5 , who had undergone PCN between 1996 and 2006. @entity5 was evidenced in 108 @entity1 , uterine @entity189 in six and @entity43 in three @entity1 . Eighty-nine had @entity1695 at the initial manifestation of the disease, 22 had persistent or recurrent @entity5 , and six were disease-free after initial therapy. @entity1458 was observed in 22.2% and creatine elevation in 79.5%. Mean follow-up was 11.43 months (range 0-112). RESULTS: The median age was 51 years (range 28-85). Bilateral nephrostomy was performed in 36.7% and unilateral in 63.3%. Renal function normalization occurred in 24.8%. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 16.8%. Higher @entity1349 occurred in @entity1 without initial @entity2629 versus those with @entity2629 (26.8% vs 13.9%). Median survival time for all the @entity1 was seven months, eight in primary cases versus six in recurrent ones, and eight months in @entity1 after initial therapy. Complications appeared in 53.85%. Most frequent were the loss of the nephrostomy catheter in 37.61% and @entity293 in 19.6%. CONCLUSION: Improvement of renal function after @entity22097 can be of clinical benefit in @entity1 who might be cured or for prolonged palliative care. @entity2629 seems to be poor prognostic sign.

title: Percutaneous nephrostomy in the management of advanced and terminal-stage gynecologic XXXX : outcome and complications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancies', 'Cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1695 :: ('MESH:D014517', 'Disease') :: ['UO', 'ureteral obstruction']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2629 :: ('MESH:D053099', 'Disease') :: ['Azotemia', 'azotemia']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall two-year survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose is to present results of endovascular exclusion (stent-graft treatment) of @entity439 of the descending thoracic aorta both in elective cases and in emergencies. METHODS: Indications for stent-graft treatment were dependent on multislice angio-CT evaluation revealing a proximal neck of at least 10 mm between the left common carotid artery and the onset of @entity439 . All stent grafts were inserted in the operating room; 43 transfemoral, 2 transiliac. The stent grafts used were Corvita, Stenford, Vanguard, AneuRx, Talent, and Excluder. Deployment was achieved under fluoroscopic control, @entity1070 were checked for with D S A on the operating table and postoperatively by angio-CT. Long-term follow-up consisted of evaluation with angio-CT after 6 and 12 months, and from there on once a year and with plain chest X-rays. Follow-up was achieved in all @entity1 . RESULTS: Mean follow-up is 21 months (1-66); 30-day mortality is 3/45, no permanent @entity51 . Thirty @entity1 were treated electively, 15 with contained @entity397 . Left subclavian artery overstenting proved to be necessary in 12 @entity1 for proper proximal sealing of the @entity439 , @entity1070 were observed in 10 @entity1 , one early conversion, 7 proximal extension cuffs, one sealed spontaneously, one still at risk. Among @entity1 where LSA had been overstented only one wanted a transposition, all others did well without left-hand @entity63 or @entity3526 . CONCLUSION: Endovascular treatment is less invasive and has reasonable mortality and morbidity but is limited to well-defined morphologies. Mid-term results are promising but it has to be observed whether these will translate into long-term durability.

title: Endovascular exclusion of thoracic aortic aneurysms: mid-term results of elective treatment and in contained XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['endoleaks', 'type I endoleaks']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficit']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity3526 :: ('MESH:D013349', 'Disease') :: ['subclavian steal syndrome']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['rupture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessment is an important measure of the impact of a wide range of disease process on an individual. To date, no HRQL tool has been evaluated in an Iranian population with @entity65 , specifically @entity583 , a major cause of mortality and morbidity. The MacNew @entity299 Health-related Quality of Life instrument is a disease-specific HRQL questionnaire with satisfactory validity and reliability when applied cross-culturally. METHOD: A Persian version of MacNew was prepared by both forward and backward translation by bilinguals after which a feasibility test was performed. Consecutive @entity1 (n = 51) admitted to a coronary care unit with @entity583 were recruited for measurement of their HRQL with retest one month after discharge in the follow-up clinic. Principal components analysis, intra-class correlation reliability, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were assessed. RESULTS: Trivial rates of missing data confirmed the acceptability of the tool. Principal component analysis revealed that the three domains, emotional, social and physical, performed as well as in the original studies. Internal consistency was high and comparable to other studies, ranging from 0.92 for the emotional and physical domains, to 0.94 for the social domain, and to 0.95 for the Global score. Domain means of 5, 5.3 and 4.9 for emotional, physical and social respectively indicate that our Iranian population has similar emotional and physical but worse social HRQL scores. Test-retest analysis showed significant correlation in emotional and physical domains (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The Persian version of the MacNew questionnaire is comparable to the English version. It has high internal consistency and reasonable reproducibility, making it an appropriate specific quality of life tool for population-based studies and clinical practice in Iran in @entity1 who have survived an acute myocardial infraction. Further studies are needed to confirm its validity in larger populations with @entity65 .

title: Adaptation of the MacNew quality of life questionnaire after XXXX in an Iranian population.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disorders', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Heart Disease']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2106 ( @entity2106 ) is a rare, life-threatening disorder of unknown pathophysiology. The role of splenectomy in the multimodality therapy of @entity2106 is controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All charts of @entity1 with @entity2106 at the University of Utah between 1984 and 1994 were reviewed to evaluate various treatment regimens, and specifically, the impact of splenectomy on morbidity and survival. RESULTS: Of the 15 @entity1 identified, 14 underwent initial treatment with plasmapheresis and @entity230 . Nine @entity1 were treated with medical therapy only, 6 of whom completely recovered, while 3 @entity1 died. Six @entity1 failed plasmapheresis and underwent splenectomy. There were no operative complications or @entity204 . All surgical @entity1 had no active disease at last follow-up. CONCLUSION: Plasmapheresis and @entity134 administration remain the first-line therapy for @entity2106 . This series documents that splenectomy offers excellent results with minimal morbidity and mortality in @entity1 who do not respond to or who relapse after plasmapheresis.

title: XXXX : indications for and results of splenectomy.

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative deaths']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura', 'TTP']

answer: @entity2106 :: (MESH:D011697,Disease) :: ['Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Management options for common bile duct stones have explained in the era of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), and selecting the most appropriate method for each @entity1 can be problematic due to the difficulty of predicting accurately which @entity1 have @entity2877 ( @entity2877 ). In order to improve selection of appropriate treatment for @entity2877 , treatment options were analyzed for outcome retrospectively during a 25-month period beginning June 1, 1992. @entity1 AND METHODS: Four hundred four @entity1 underwent LC; 48 (12%) had @entity2877 identified at preoperative @entity10747 ( @entity10747 ) or intraoperative cholangiogram (IOCG). Forty-seven @entity1 were referred for preoperative @entity10747 for suspected @entity2877 , 23 (49%) of whom had proven duct stones and underwent endoscopic sphincterotomy and stone retrieval with an 87% success rate. RESULTS: Of 357 @entity1 scheduled for LC without preoperative @entity10747 , 236 had IOCG, of which 25 (11%) demonstrated @entity2877 . Seven @entity1 had open common bile duct exploration (CBDE). Sixteen @entity1 had postoperative @entity10747 after positive IOCG, 7 (44%) of which were positive for @entity2877 and whose stones were removed with 100% success. Two @entity1 were observed, anticipating spontaneous passage of a small stone. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative @entity10747 should be applied selectively. For the large majority of @entity1 without preoperative evidence of @entity2877 , we recommend routine IOCG; if @entity2877 is demonstrated, an intraoperative decision can be made to proceed to postoperative @entity10747 in the usual case or to open CBDE for very large or multiple stones. Observation in anticipation of spontaneous passage may be appropriate for small, solitary common duct stones. Continuing advances in laparoscopic CBDE are likely to reduce further the need to rely on @entity10747 in managing @entity2877 .

title: Managing XXXX in the laparoscopic era.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity10747 :: ('MESH:D012183', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography', 'ERCP']

entities_list: @entity2877 :: ('MESH:D042883', 'Disease') :: ['choledocholithiasis', 'CDL']

answer: @entity2877 :: (MESH:D042883,Disease) :: ['choledocholithiasis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Complex, large, wide-neck @entity439 , but particularly partially thrombosed @entity438 (PTIAs), have a greater tendency to recanalize after coil occlusion. The Woven Endovascular Bridge (WEB) combines shape memory wires braided to a relatively uniform, dense surface, which may limit its compaction and its incorporation into an existing @entity439 and may thus reduce PTIA recurrence. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a retrospective analysis of our experience with the WEB as part of a complex treatment in conjunction with other implants to assess the efficacy and safety of this technique. METHODS: Among 43 @entity439 treated with the WEB in our center, eight complex, large, wide-neck @entity439 were treated in conjunction with other implants (additional WEBs, coils, stents, flow diverters). Six of these eight @entity439 were PTIAs. All @entity1 were followed up by DSA between 3   and 38   months. RESULTS: All eight (100%) of the complex, large, wide-neck @entity439 were treated successfully and without periprocedural adverse events (0%). At follow-up, the two non-thrombosed @entity439 were @entity2300 , but all six PTIAs recurred (75%) and were re-treated. There was no morbidity or mortality in these eight @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of large, complex @entity439 with the WEB in conjunction with other implants was technically successful and safe but did not prevent recurrence of partially thrombosed @entity439 in our center. PTIA re-treatment was possible and not limited by the previously placed WEB.

title: WEB as part of a multimodality treatment in complex, large, and partially thrombosed XXXX : a single-center observational study of technical success, safety, and recurrence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm clot']

entities_list: @entity2300 :: ('MESH:D011681', 'Disease') :: ['completely occluded']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging has revolutionized the detection of @entity2526 in @entity1 with @entity302 . However, many @entity854 remain undetected in routine visual inspection. Here we use an automated, surface-based method for quantifying morphometric features related to @entity600 to detect abnormal cortical thickness and blurred gray-white matter boundaries. Using MRI morphometry at 3T with surface-based spherical averaging techniques that precisely align anatomical structures between individual brains, we compared single @entity1 with known lesions to a large normal control group to detect clusters of abnormal cortical thickness, gray-white matter contrast, local gyrification, sulcal depth, jacobian distance and curvature. To assess the effects of threshold and smoothing on detection sensitivity and specificity, we systematically varied these parameters with different thresholds and smoothing levels. To test the effectiveness of the technique to detect lesions of epileptogenic character, we compared the detected @entity2526 to expert-tracings, intracranial EEG, pathology and surgical outcome in a homogeneous @entity1 sample. With optimal parameters and by combining thickness and GWC, the surface-based detection method identified 92% of @entity75 (sensitivity) with few false positives (96% specificity), successfully discriminating @entity1 from controls 94% of the time. The detected @entity2526 were related to the @entity410 onset zones, abnormal histology and positive outcome in all surgical @entity1 . However, the method failed to adequately describe lesion extent in most cases. Automated surface-based MRI morphometry, if used with optimized parameters, may be a valuable additional clinical tool to improve the detection of subtle or previously occult malformations and therefore could improve identification of @entity1 with intractable @entity1625 who may benefit from surgery.

title: XXXX with surface-based MRI morphometry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['focal epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cortical lesions']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['epileptogenic cortical malformations']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['structural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['focal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['Detection of epileptogenic cortical malformations']


abstract: AIMS: Trials have shown that cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is effective in @entity1 with ' @entity296 '. @entity1 with post-surgical @entity296 (PSVCM) have been excluded from such trials. We sought to compare the clinical outcome of CRT in @entity1 with PSVCM, @entity1000 ( @entity1000 ), or @entity296 ( @entity296 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: Clinical events and response to CRT were quantified in 556 @entity1 (PSVCM = 38; @entity1000 = 165; @entity296 = 353) over 4.52 years [median, inter-quartile range (IQR): 4.42]. Response to CRT was defined as survival for >= 1 year free of hospitalizations plus improvement by >= 1 NYHA class or >= 25% in 6-min walking distance. Cardiac resynchronization therapy was initiated at 5.86 years (median, IQR: 9.86) after aortic valve replacement (73.7%) or mitral valve replacement/repair (44.7%). Compared with PSVCM, @entity1000 was associated with a lower total mortality [hazards ratio, HR: 0.54 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.34-0.84)], cardiac mortality [HR: 0.43 (95% CI 0.26-0.70)], and total mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events [HR: 0.57 (95% CI 0.37-0.87)], independent of known confounders. Compared with PSVCM, @entity296 was associated with a similar risk of death from pump failure [HR: 0.83 (95% CI 0.50-1.37)] and @entity1000 was associated with a lower risk [HR: 0.46 (95% CI 0.26-0.82)]. Response to CRT was similar across the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with @entity1000 , PSVCM was associated with a worse outcome after CRT. Outcomes from PSVCM were similar to @entity296 . These findings indicate that PSVCM behaves very differently to @entity1000 after CRT.

title: The clinical outcome of cardiac resynchronization therapy in post-surgical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy', 'IDCM']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy', 'ischaemic cardiomyopathy', 'valvular cardiomyopathy', 'ICM']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['valvular cardiomyopathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Primary @entity465 (PI) are defects of the immune system that cause severe, sometimes life-threatening, infections if not diagnosed and treated appropriately. Many @entity1 with PI are undiagnosed, under-diagnosed, or misdiagnosed. To raise awareness and assure earliest diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and proper care management, the Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF) implemented a physician education and public awareness program beginning in 2003. Data are requested annually from physician experts within the Jeffrey Modell Centers Network  (JMCN), consisting of 602 expert physicians, at 253 academic institutions, in 206 cities, and 84 countries spanning six continents. Center Directors reported on @entity1 ' specific @entity1200 and treatment modalities including immunoglobulins, transplantation, and gene therapy as well as data on gender and age. Center Directors also provided physician-reported @entity1 outcomes as well as pre- and post-diagnosis differences. Costs were assigned to these factors. In collaboration with the Network, JMF advocated, funded, and implemented population-based newborn screening for severe @entity465 and @entity784 , covering 96.2  % of all newborns in the US. Finally, 21 JMF Centers participated in a polio surveillance study of @entity1 with PI who either received or have been exposed to the oral polio vaccine. These initiatives have led to an overall better understanding of the immune system and will continue to improve quality of life for those with PI.

title: Primary XXXX worldwide: an updated overview from the Jeffrey Modell Centers Global Network.

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['combined immunodeficiency', 'immunodeficiencies']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T cell lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['PI defects']

answer: @entity465 :: (MESH:D007153,Disease) :: ['immunodeficiencies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper documents a retrospective pilot study of a novel approach for treating @entity71 ( @entity71 ) with @entity535 precursors of @entity750 and @entity935 in conjunction with urinary @entity1154 assays subjected to organic cation transporter (OCT) functional status determination. The goal of this research was to document the findings and related considerations of a retrospective chart review study designed to identify issues and areas of concern that will define parameters for a prospective controlled study. METHODS: This study included 85 @entity1 , aged 4-18 years, who were treated with a novel @entity535 precursor protocol. Their clinical course during the first 8-10 weeks of treatment was analyzed retrospectively. The study team consisted of PhD clinical psychologists, individuals compiling clinical data from records, and a statistician. The @entity1 had been treated with a predefined protocol for administering @entity535 precursors of @entity750 and @entity935 , along with OCT assay interpretation as indicated. RESULTS: In total, 67% of @entity1 achieved significant improvement with only @entity535 precursors of @entity750 and @entity935 . In @entity1 who achieved no significant relief of symptoms with only @entity535 precursors, OCT assay interpretation was utilized. In this subgroup, 30.3% achieved significant relief following two or three urine assays and dosage changes as recommended by the assay results. The total percentage of @entity1 showing significant improvement was 77%. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of this novel protocol appears superior to some @entity71 prescription drugs, and therefore indicates a need for further studies to verify this observation. The findings of this study justify initiation of further prospective controlled studies in order to evaluate more formally the observed benefits of this novel approach in the treatment of @entity71 .

title: Treatment of XXXX with @entity1154 @entity535 precursors and organic cation transporter assay interpretation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention deficit hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity1154 :: ('CHEBI:25375', 'Chemical') :: ['monoamine']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['attention deficit hyperactivity disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper documents a retrospective pilot study of a novel approach for treating @entity71 ( @entity71 ) with @entity535 precursors of @entity750 and @entity935 in conjunction with urinary @entity1154 assays subjected to organic cation transporter (OCT) functional status determination. The goal of this research was to document the findings and related considerations of a retrospective chart review study designed to identify issues and areas of concern that will define parameters for a prospective controlled study. METHODS: This study included 85 @entity1 , aged 4-18 years, who were treated with a novel @entity535 precursor protocol. Their clinical course during the first 8-10 weeks of treatment was analyzed retrospectively. The study team consisted of PhD clinical psychologists, individuals compiling clinical data from records, and a statistician. The @entity1 had been treated with a predefined protocol for administering @entity535 precursors of @entity750 and @entity935 , along with OCT assay interpretation as indicated. RESULTS: In total, 67% of @entity1 achieved significant improvement with only @entity535 precursors of @entity750 and @entity935 . In @entity1 who achieved no significant relief of symptoms with only @entity535 precursors, OCT assay interpretation was utilized. In this subgroup, 30.3% achieved significant relief following two or three urine assays and dosage changes as recommended by the assay results. The total percentage of @entity1 showing significant improvement was 77%. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of this novel protocol appears superior to some @entity71 prescription drugs, and therefore indicates a need for further studies to verify this observation. The findings of this study justify initiation of further prospective controlled studies in order to evaluate more formally the observed benefits of this novel approach in the treatment of @entity71 .

title: Treatment of @entity71 with @entity1154 XXXX precursors and organic cation transporter assay interpretation.

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper documents a retrospective pilot study of a novel approach for treating @entity71 ( @entity71 ) with @entity535 precursors of @entity750 and @entity935 in conjunction with urinary @entity1154 assays subjected to organic cation transporter (OCT) functional status determination. The goal of this research was to document the findings and related considerations of a retrospective chart review study designed to identify issues and areas of concern that will define parameters for a prospective controlled study. METHODS: This study included 85 @entity1 , aged 4-18 years, who were treated with a novel @entity535 precursor protocol. Their clinical course during the first 8-10 weeks of treatment was analyzed retrospectively. The study team consisted of PhD clinical psychologists, individuals compiling clinical data from records, and a statistician. The @entity1 had been treated with a predefined protocol for administering @entity535 precursors of @entity750 and @entity935 , along with OCT assay interpretation as indicated. RESULTS: In total, 67% of @entity1 achieved significant improvement with only @entity535 precursors of @entity750 and @entity935 . In @entity1 who achieved no significant relief of symptoms with only @entity535 precursors, OCT assay interpretation was utilized. In this subgroup, 30.3% achieved significant relief following two or three urine assays and dosage changes as recommended by the assay results. The total percentage of @entity1 showing significant improvement was 77%. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of this novel protocol appears superior to some @entity71 prescription drugs, and therefore indicates a need for further studies to verify this observation. The findings of this study justify initiation of further prospective controlled studies in order to evaluate more formally the observed benefits of this novel approach in the treatment of @entity71 .

title: Treatment of @entity71 with XXXX @entity535 precursors and organic cation transporter assay interpretation.

answer: @entity1154 :: (CHEBI:25375,Chemical) :: ['monoamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of physical therapy on @entity158 and physical function in @entity1 with @entity1743 . DESIGN: Randomized, @entity1 - and assessor blinded controlled trial pilot study. METHODS: This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01814124) and reported according to Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) requirements. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either a combination of manual therapy and supervised exercise (MTEX), plus advice and home exercise or advice and home exercise alone (Ad+ @entity24879 ) over six weeks. Primary outcomes were @entity158 (Visual Analog Scale) and physical function (Hip Outcome Score) at week seven. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity1 , mean age 33.7 (SD 9.5, 73% female) satisfied the eligibility criteria and completed week seven measurements. The between group differences for changes in @entity158 or physical function were not significant. Both groups showed statistically significant improvements in @entity158 : the MTEX group improved a mean of 17.6mm and the Ad+ @entity24879 group, 18.0mm. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this pilot study provide preliminary evidence that symptomatic @entity1743 may be amenable to conservative treatment strategies however further full-scale randomized controlled trials are required to demonstrate this. In this small pilot study, supervised manual therapy and exercise did not result in greater improvement in @entity158 or function compared to advice and home exercise in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity1743 .

title: Non-operative management of XXXX : A prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity1743 :: ('MESH:D057925', 'Disease') :: ['femoroacetabular impingement']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['average pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1743 :: (MESH:D057925,Disease) :: ['femoroacetabular impingement']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity39939 is originally derived from medicinal herb and used preferentially in treatment of @entity309 in Far East regions. @entity56985 has strong anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory properties, acting mainly through inhibiting NF-kB signaling. Although the upstream target through which @entity56985 affects NF-kB activity is unknown, evidence suggests that @entity56985 might regulate @entity32 through @entity10182 signaling. In this study we explored the role of @entity10182 in mediating @entity56985 's anti- @entity32 and kidney protection in a @entity19 model of @entity8 . We found that @entity56985 is an activator of @entity10182 signaling. It markedly increased @entity10182 protein level, @entity10182 nuclear translocation, Nef2 transcription capacity, and the downstream protein expression. We further demonstrated that @entity56985 activation of @entity10182 is likely due to its repression of the @entity10182 inhibitor @entity41733 since it drastically reduced @entity41733 protein through the PKC-sensitive ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation. @entity56985 treatment of @entity8 @entity19 effectively reduced the @entity8 and inflammatory responses, @entity8 , and improved the pathological protein expression in an @entity10182 dependent manner. In addition, @entity56985 also @entity10182 -dependently modulated macrophage M1/M2 polarization and inhibited the IkBa phosphorylation and NF-kB nuclear translocation, hence revealing an important upstream event that contributed to its anti- @entity32 and tissue protection. Taken together our study has identified a novel pathway through which @entity56985 exerts its anti- @entity32 and renal protective functions, and provided a molecular basis for @entity56985 potential applications in the treatment of kidney and other @entity32 .

title: @entity39939 activation of @entity10182 signaling prevents hyperactive @entity32 and XXXX in a @entity19 model of @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disorders', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'obstructive nephropathy', 'kidney damage', 'balanced renal oxidative stress']

entities_list: @entity39939 :: ('MESH:C009271', 'Chemical') :: ['Sinomenine']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid diseases']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['kidney injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity39939 is originally derived from medicinal herb and used preferentially in treatment of @entity309 in Far East regions. @entity56985 has strong anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory properties, acting mainly through inhibiting NF-kB signaling. Although the upstream target through which @entity56985 affects NF-kB activity is unknown, evidence suggests that @entity56985 might regulate @entity32 through @entity10182 signaling. In this study we explored the role of @entity10182 in mediating @entity56985 's anti- @entity32 and kidney protection in a @entity19 model of @entity8 . We found that @entity56985 is an activator of @entity10182 signaling. It markedly increased @entity10182 protein level, @entity10182 nuclear translocation, Nef2 transcription capacity, and the downstream protein expression. We further demonstrated that @entity56985 activation of @entity10182 is likely due to its repression of the @entity10182 inhibitor @entity41733 since it drastically reduced @entity41733 protein through the PKC-sensitive ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation. @entity56985 treatment of @entity8 @entity19 effectively reduced the @entity8 and inflammatory responses, @entity8 , and improved the pathological protein expression in an @entity10182 dependent manner. In addition, @entity56985 also @entity10182 -dependently modulated macrophage M1/M2 polarization and inhibited the IkBa phosphorylation and NF-kB nuclear translocation, hence revealing an important upstream event that contributed to its anti- @entity32 and tissue protection. Taken together our study has identified a novel pathway through which @entity56985 exerts its anti- @entity32 and renal protective functions, and provided a molecular basis for @entity56985 potential applications in the treatment of kidney and other @entity32 .

title: @entity39939 activation of @entity10182 signaling prevents hyperactive @entity32 and @entity8 in a @entity19 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['obstructive nephropathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity39939 is originally derived from medicinal herb and used preferentially in treatment of @entity309 in Far East regions. @entity56985 has strong anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory properties, acting mainly through inhibiting NF-kB signaling. Although the upstream target through which @entity56985 affects NF-kB activity is unknown, evidence suggests that @entity56985 might regulate @entity32 through @entity10182 signaling. In this study we explored the role of @entity10182 in mediating @entity56985 's anti- @entity32 and kidney protection in a @entity19 model of @entity8 . We found that @entity56985 is an activator of @entity10182 signaling. It markedly increased @entity10182 protein level, @entity10182 nuclear translocation, Nef2 transcription capacity, and the downstream protein expression. We further demonstrated that @entity56985 activation of @entity10182 is likely due to its repression of the @entity10182 inhibitor @entity41733 since it drastically reduced @entity41733 protein through the PKC-sensitive ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation. @entity56985 treatment of @entity8 @entity19 effectively reduced the @entity8 and inflammatory responses, @entity8 , and improved the pathological protein expression in an @entity10182 dependent manner. In addition, @entity56985 also @entity10182 -dependently modulated macrophage M1/M2 polarization and inhibited the IkBa phosphorylation and NF-kB nuclear translocation, hence revealing an important upstream event that contributed to its anti- @entity32 and tissue protection. Taken together our study has identified a novel pathway through which @entity56985 exerts its anti- @entity32 and renal protective functions, and provided a molecular basis for @entity56985 potential applications in the treatment of kidney and other @entity32 .

title: XXXX activation of @entity10182 signaling prevents hyperactive @entity32 and @entity8 in a @entity19 model of @entity8 .

answer: @entity39939 :: (MESH:C009271,Chemical) :: ['Sinomenine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity39939 is originally derived from medicinal herb and used preferentially in treatment of @entity309 in Far East regions. @entity56985 has strong anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory properties, acting mainly through inhibiting NF-kB signaling. Although the upstream target through which @entity56985 affects NF-kB activity is unknown, evidence suggests that @entity56985 might regulate @entity32 through @entity10182 signaling. In this study we explored the role of @entity10182 in mediating @entity56985 's anti- @entity32 and kidney protection in a @entity19 model of @entity8 . We found that @entity56985 is an activator of @entity10182 signaling. It markedly increased @entity10182 protein level, @entity10182 nuclear translocation, Nef2 transcription capacity, and the downstream protein expression. We further demonstrated that @entity56985 activation of @entity10182 is likely due to its repression of the @entity10182 inhibitor @entity41733 since it drastically reduced @entity41733 protein through the PKC-sensitive ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation. @entity56985 treatment of @entity8 @entity19 effectively reduced the @entity8 and inflammatory responses, @entity8 , and improved the pathological protein expression in an @entity10182 dependent manner. In addition, @entity56985 also @entity10182 -dependently modulated macrophage M1/M2 polarization and inhibited the IkBa phosphorylation and NF-kB nuclear translocation, hence revealing an important upstream event that contributed to its anti- @entity32 and tissue protection. Taken together our study has identified a novel pathway through which @entity56985 exerts its anti- @entity32 and renal protective functions, and provided a molecular basis for @entity56985 potential applications in the treatment of kidney and other @entity32 .

title: @entity39939 activation of @entity10182 signaling prevents hyperactive XXXX and @entity8 in a @entity19 model of @entity8 .

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity39939 is originally derived from medicinal herb and used preferentially in treatment of @entity309 in Far East regions. @entity56985 has strong anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory properties, acting mainly through inhibiting NF-kB signaling. Although the upstream target through which @entity56985 affects NF-kB activity is unknown, evidence suggests that @entity56985 might regulate @entity32 through @entity10182 signaling. In this study we explored the role of @entity10182 in mediating @entity56985 's anti- @entity32 and kidney protection in a @entity19 model of @entity8 . We found that @entity56985 is an activator of @entity10182 signaling. It markedly increased @entity10182 protein level, @entity10182 nuclear translocation, Nef2 transcription capacity, and the downstream protein expression. We further demonstrated that @entity56985 activation of @entity10182 is likely due to its repression of the @entity10182 inhibitor @entity41733 since it drastically reduced @entity41733 protein through the PKC-sensitive ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation. @entity56985 treatment of @entity8 @entity19 effectively reduced the @entity8 and inflammatory responses, @entity8 , and improved the pathological protein expression in an @entity10182 dependent manner. In addition, @entity56985 also @entity10182 -dependently modulated macrophage M1/M2 polarization and inhibited the IkBa phosphorylation and NF-kB nuclear translocation, hence revealing an important upstream event that contributed to its anti- @entity32 and tissue protection. Taken together our study has identified a novel pathway through which @entity56985 exerts its anti- @entity32 and renal protective functions, and provided a molecular basis for @entity56985 potential applications in the treatment of kidney and other @entity32 .

title: @entity39939 activation of XXXX signaling prevents hyperactive @entity32 and @entity8 in a @entity19 model of @entity8 .

answer: @entity10182 :: (18024(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Nrf2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity39939 is originally derived from medicinal herb and used preferentially in treatment of @entity309 in Far East regions. @entity56985 has strong anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory properties, acting mainly through inhibiting NF-kB signaling. Although the upstream target through which @entity56985 affects NF-kB activity is unknown, evidence suggests that @entity56985 might regulate @entity32 through @entity10182 signaling. In this study we explored the role of @entity10182 in mediating @entity56985 's anti- @entity32 and kidney protection in a @entity19 model of @entity8 . We found that @entity56985 is an activator of @entity10182 signaling. It markedly increased @entity10182 protein level, @entity10182 nuclear translocation, Nef2 transcription capacity, and the downstream protein expression. We further demonstrated that @entity56985 activation of @entity10182 is likely due to its repression of the @entity10182 inhibitor @entity41733 since it drastically reduced @entity41733 protein through the PKC-sensitive ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation. @entity56985 treatment of @entity8 @entity19 effectively reduced the @entity8 and inflammatory responses, @entity8 , and improved the pathological protein expression in an @entity10182 dependent manner. In addition, @entity56985 also @entity10182 -dependently modulated macrophage M1/M2 polarization and inhibited the IkBa phosphorylation and NF-kB nuclear translocation, hence revealing an important upstream event that contributed to its anti- @entity32 and tissue protection. Taken together our study has identified a novel pathway through which @entity56985 exerts its anti- @entity32 and renal protective functions, and provided a molecular basis for @entity56985 potential applications in the treatment of kidney and other @entity32 .

title: @entity39939 activation of @entity10182 signaling prevents hyperactive @entity32 and @entity8 in a XXXX model of @entity8 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychopathological symptoms, suicide, and self-harming behaviors among students with early, on-time, and late menarche in high school and college and the association of early menarche with these disorders. METHODS: The design consisted of a cross-sectional study of 5597 high school students and 2768 college students. Menarche age, suboptimal mental health status, @entity148 , @entity308 , suicide, and self-harming behaviors were obtained by self-report questionnaire. RESULTS: In high school students, all the disorders occurred at significantly higher frequency in those with early menarche than in those with on-time and late menarche. In college students, only suboptimal mental health status, @entity308 , and suicidal ideation happened at significantly higher frequency in the early menarche group than in the other two groups. The college group had a lower frequency of all the disorders than the high school group for all three groups of @entity1 , that is, with early, on-time, or late menarche. In a multivariate logistic regression model, early menarche persisted as a risk factor for all the disorders after other factors were controlled. CONCLUSIONS: Psychopathological symptoms, suicide, and self-harming behaviors are more common in early menarche students than in on-time and late menarche students. The effects of early @entity74 might dissipate over time. Early menarche might serve as a predictor for the disorders in Chinese @entity1 .

title: Early menarche and psychopathological symptoms in young Chinese XXXX .

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['menarche on the disorders']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of @entity9998 ( @entity9998 ) among Turkish @entity1 with @entity231 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of 352 eyes of 352 @entity1 who underwent @entity231 surgery were analyzed in this retrospective study. The presence of @entity9998 , type of @entity231 , intraocular pressure (IOP), @entity726 , age-related @entity1020 , and @entity262 ( @entity453 , @entity101 , @entity6 ) were recorded. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity9998 syndrome was detected to be 11%. The mean age of @entity9998 @entity1 was significantly higher than without @entity9998 (74.4        7.2 years and 69.3        11.4 years, respectively, p   =   0.004). The most common @entity231 type in the @entity9998 @entity1 was mixed-type @entity231 determined in 51.2% of @entity1 . IOP was significantly higher in eyes with @entity9998 than in eyes without it (16.1        4.5   mmHg and 14.7        3.8   mmHg, respectively; p   =   0.03). Moreover, the prevalence of age-related @entity1020 was found to be significantly higher, and prevalence of @entity726 slightly higher in @entity9998 @entity1 than without @entity9998 . CONCLUSION: @entity9998 is a common condition in Turkish @entity1 . @entity9998 is associated with mixed type of @entity231 , age-related @entity1020 , and elevated IOP. Therefore, @entity9998 @entity1 should be checked for concomitant diseases.

title: Prevalence of Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome in Turkish @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract', 'senile cataract']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity9998 :: ('MESH:D017889', 'Disease') :: ['Pseudoexfoliation syndrome', 'pseudoexfoliation syndrome', 'PEX']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic diseases']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['Senile Cataract']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of @entity9998 ( @entity9998 ) among Turkish @entity1 with @entity231 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of 352 eyes of 352 @entity1 who underwent @entity231 surgery were analyzed in this retrospective study. The presence of @entity9998 , type of @entity231 , intraocular pressure (IOP), @entity726 , age-related @entity1020 , and @entity262 ( @entity453 , @entity101 , @entity6 ) were recorded. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity9998 syndrome was detected to be 11%. The mean age of @entity9998 @entity1 was significantly higher than without @entity9998 (74.4        7.2 years and 69.3        11.4 years, respectively, p   =   0.004). The most common @entity231 type in the @entity9998 @entity1 was mixed-type @entity231 determined in 51.2% of @entity1 . IOP was significantly higher in eyes with @entity9998 than in eyes without it (16.1        4.5   mmHg and 14.7        3.8   mmHg, respectively; p   =   0.03). Moreover, the prevalence of age-related @entity1020 was found to be significantly higher, and prevalence of @entity726 slightly higher in @entity9998 @entity1 than without @entity9998 . CONCLUSION: @entity9998 is a common condition in Turkish @entity1 . @entity9998 is associated with mixed type of @entity231 , age-related @entity1020 , and elevated IOP. Therefore, @entity9998 @entity1 should be checked for concomitant diseases.

title: Prevalence of Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome in Turkish XXXX with @entity231 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this work is to study whether a quadrupole time-of-flight (QToF) mass analyzer, coupled to an ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system, can be a valuable alternative for a triple-quadrupole (QqQ) mass analyzer, for quantitative toxicological purposes. The case study considered was the quantification of 16 opioids ( @entity41371 , @entity4783 , @entity10425 , @entity10426 , @entity7680 , @entity3575 , @entity1287 , @entity10748 , @entity1286 , @entity15741 , @entity72840 , @entity52806 , @entity1288 , @entity12336 , @entity72841 and @entity49033 ) in @entity1 plasma. Both methods were validated in parallel in terms of selectivity, matrix effects, extraction recovery, carry-over, bias, precision and sensitivity. Accuracy-profile methodology was used to determine the optimal calibration model, and to estimate bias, repeatability, intermediate precision and total error. Selectivity was demonstrated for all opioids and deuterated analogues, except for @entity10425 -d3 on the UHPLC-QTOF. For most compounds, extraction recoveries were in the range 60 to 80% on both systems, except for the synthetic analogues, @entity4783 , @entity3575 and @entity49033 , where large variability is observed. Carry-over was negligible on both systems. For different opioids, the optimal calibration model was different between the systems. The accuracy profiles of the majority of the opioids indicated that, over the entire tested concentration range, for more than 5% of the future measurements, total errors are expected to exceed the a priori defined 15% acceptance limit. For some exceptions, however, the measurements even suffer from @entity2246 30%, which can be attributed to the solid phase extraction procedure that was applied as sample pretreatment technique. Sensitivity was generally tenfold better on the LC-QToF system, probably due to the difference in ion choice for quantification between both systems. In conclusion, the best performing system seemed to depend on the compound, on the parameter and even on the concentration. Accuracy profiles clearly provided valuable information complementary to that obtained in classical validation tests, and therefore preferably are taken into account when deciding on a method's performance.

title: Comparison of a triple-quadrupole and a quadrupole time-of-flight mass analyzer to quantify 16 opioids in XXXX plasma.

entities_list: @entity10748 :: ('MESH:D004091', 'Chemical') :: ['hydromorphone']

entities_list: @entity52806 :: ('MESH:C080127', 'Chemical') :: ['norfentanyl']

entities_list: @entity1288 :: ('MESH:D010098', 'Chemical') :: ['oxycodone']

entities_list: @entity12336 :: ('MESH:D010111', 'Chemical') :: ['oxymorphone']

entities_list: @entity72841 :: ('MESH:C008872', 'Chemical') :: ['pholcodine']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['total errors above']

entities_list: @entity15741 :: ('MESH:C043585', 'Chemical') :: ['norbuprenorphine']

entities_list: @entity1287 :: ('MESH:D006853', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocodone']

entities_list: @entity4783 :: ('MESH:D002047', 'Chemical') :: ['buprenorphine']

entities_list: @entity41371 :: ('MESH:C026979', 'Chemical') :: ['6-monoacetylmorphine']

entities_list: @entity72840 :: ('MESH:C010414', 'Chemical') :: ['norcodeine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity7680 :: ('MESH:D005036', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylmorphine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity10426 :: ('MESH:C014481', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrocodeine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: We evaluated intravenous streptokinase in the treatment of @entity385 . Following neurological assessment and cerebral computed tomography (CT), @entity1 aged 40-80 years with symptoms of anterior circulation acute @entity64 were given 1.5 M units streptokinase or saline placebo in a double-blind randomized study. Twenty @entity1 (10 streptokinase, 10 placebo), 11 males, 9 females, aged 57-79 years, were treated out of 512 consecutive admissions to the @entity64 unit over a 2-year period. Initial CT was normal in 11 (6 placebo, 5 streptokinase) and showed early signs of @entity385 in nine (4 placebo, 5 streptokinase). Median times from symptom onset to treatment were 5.2 h (placebo) and 5.8 h (streptokinase). Streptokinase treatment was associated with symptomatic @entity551 in one @entity1 . Repeat CT at 72 h demonstrated @entity1779 in two @entity1 and @entity1779 in one @entity1 in the streptokinase group; the two cases of haematoma formation were associated with @entity16 and @entity204 . One @entity1 in the placebo group had evidence of @entity1779 at 72 h. There were three deaths in each treatment group, all within the first 14 days. @entity1 with @entity64 can be evaluated with CT and treated with streptokinase within 6 h, but the opportunity for treatment is currently limited to few @entity1 . Streptokinase treatment is not without risk, but potential clinical benefit justifies ongoing multicentre randomized trials.

title: A pilot study of streptokinase for acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral haematoma', 'haemorrhagic infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['cerebral infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the long-term outcome of early abduction splinting versus active sonographic surveillance in newborns with mildly @entity572 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 1997 and 2003, 128 newborns with mildly @entity6349 and potentially unstable hips on ultrasound (43    <= a-angle < 50  ) were randomly assigned to immediate abduction treatment or sonographic surveillance. All were invited for a radiographic follow-up at 6 years. The radiographs were analyzed by a single radiologist masked to the randomization allocation, and markers of @entity572 (acetabular index, center-edge angle of Wiberg) and @entity2530 were reported. RESULTS: Eighty-three @entity1 (65%) agreed to participate in the follow-up (42 @entity1 from the treatment group). The mean acetabular index was 14.7   (SD: 5.6  ) for the treatment group and 13.9   (SD: 3.9  ) for the control group (mean difference: -0.8   [95% confidence interval: -2.9   to 1.3  ]). Values were within normal ranges for age for all @entity1 except for 1 female subject from the treatment group. The mean center edge was 26.6   for those treated and 26.4   for the active surveillance group (mean difference: -0.3   [95% confidence interval: -2.5   to 2.0  ]). None had markers suggestive of @entity2530 . CONCLUSIONS: We found no difference in radiographic outcome at 6 years of age between @entity1 allocated to initial splintage for 6 weeks and those offered active sonographic surveillance. The delayed acetabular ossification or persistent @entity1141 seen in a third of @entity1 from both groups at 1 year of age had completely resolved in all but 1 of the female subjects from the treatment group.

title: Newborns with sonographically XXXX and potentially unstable hips: 6-year follow-up of an RCT.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic hips', 'hip dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity6349 :: (MESH:D004416,Disease) :: ['dysplastic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The @entity5 /node/ @entity3 (TNM) staging system for @entity3620 ( @entity3620 ) is a worldwide standard, but has many limitations. @entity5 volume has been suggested as a predictor of survival. Due to the complex anatomy, estimation of @entity5 volume via CT scan can be challenging. Surgical volume may be more accurate. Therefore, we prospectively determined resected specimen volumes and weights in consecutive @entity1 undergoing extended pleurectomy and decortication (EPD) and correlated this with overall survival and T and N stage. METHODS: We evaluated 116 @entity1 undergoing EPD for @entity3620 in a single university centre over a 6-year period. All resected specimens were weighed, and the volume was measured by a fluid displacement method. A Cox regression model was used to identify significant predictors of survival; hazard ratios were calculated. A Kaplan-Meier method was used to summarize overall and subgroup survival. @entity2357 models were used to identify predictors of T and N stage. RESULTS: There were 95 males and 21 females with a median age of 68 range 43-88 years. Forty-one @entity1 had an ECOG performance status (PS) 0, 70 had 1 and 4 had 2. The median time between initial diagnosis and surgery was 134 days. Histology was epithelioid in 59, biphasic in 55 and sarcomatoid in 2. The mean volume was 641 ml with an SD of 393.34 ml. The median volume was 567.5 ml. The mean weight was 620.8 g with an SD of 361.92 g. The median weight was 552.0 g. Two-year survival from initial diagnosis and from EPD was 44 and 28%, respectively. PS (P = 0.002), epithelioid histology (P < 0.001), specimen weight (P < 0.001), volume (P < 0.001), platelet count (P = 0.015), T1 stage (P = 0.04) and adjuvant therapy (P = 01) were predictive of survival. @entity5 volume was a predictor of T stage (P = 0.048) and survival (P = 0.03). There was no relationship between N stage and @entity5 volume, weight or histology. CONCLUSIONS: PS, specimen weight, volume, epithelioid histology platelet count and adjuvant chemotherapy are significant predictors of survival in @entity1 undergoing EPD for @entity3620 . There is a correlation between specimen volume and T stage. These data suggest that @entity5 weight and volume may be valuable components for staging @entity3620 .

title: Specimen weight and volume: important predictors of survival in XXXX   .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Logistic regression']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['MPM', 'malignant pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3620 :: (MESH:C562839,Disease) :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Population-based studies on contact @entity566 to @entity7227 ( @entity10155 ) are scarce. A cross-sectional study was performed to assess the prevalence of contact @entity566 to @entity10155 and its risk factors in the general population of 5 European countries. A total of 10,425 subjects were interviewed, and a random sample (n  = 2,739) was patch tested to @entity10155 . Overall, 5,286 individuals (50.9%) reported having used hair colorants at least once in their lifetime (78% female, 20% male), and 35% had used hair colorants during the last 12 months. Hair colorant avoidance because of any skin problem during the lifetime was reported by 6%. Black henna tattoos had been used by 5.5% during their lifetime. The prevalence of @entity10155 contact @entity566 was 0.8% (95% confidence interval 0.6-1.0%), with no statistically significant association with gender or hair dye use. The prevalence of @entity10155 in black henna tattoo users was 3.2% versus 0.6% in nonusers (P < 0.001). A clinically relevant positive patch test reaction to @entity10155 related to hair coloring products was found in 0.1% (95% confidence interval 0.0-0.2%). A significant association with @entity10155 contact @entity566 was observed for subjects who had black henna tattoos in their lifetime, with an age- and gender-adjusted odds ratio of 9.33 (95% confidence interval 3.45-25.26, P < 0.001). Black henna tattoos are an important risk factor for @entity10155 contact @entity566 .

title: Prevalence of Contact Allergy to XXXX in the European General Population.

entities_list: @entity7227 :: ('MESH:C029728', 'Chemical') :: ['p-phenylenediamine']

answer: @entity7227 :: (MESH:C029728,Chemical) :: ['p-Phenylenediamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Use of the forearm basilic vein for the creation of an @entity2548 has been codified as second-choice vascular access for hemodialysis in the last clinical guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery in 2008. Poor literature data on this technical option and on its evaluation and outcomes led us to initiate a retrospective single-center study. METHODS: We analyzed the outcomes of every @entity2548 using the forearm basilic vein created in our department. It is a retrospective study in which we collected data prospectively by contacting dialysis centers, nephrologists, and @entity1 . Primary end point was primary patency rate at 1 year. Secondary end points were secondary patency rate at 1 year, time of maturation, and Doppler flow measurement before the first puncture. RESULTS: From February 2004 to June 2014, 49 forearm basilic arteriovenous fistulas were created: 33 ulnar-basilic and 16 radial basilic arteriovenous fistulas. Initial technical success rate was 98%. Functional success rate was 60%. Primary and secondary patency rates at 1 year were respectively 21% and 48%. Median time of maturation was 81  days, and mean Doppler flow measurement was 678  mL/min. @entity292 had a statistically significant shorter time of maturation than radial basilic fistulas (P  <= 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Despite poor primary patency rate and a long time of maturation, forearm basilic @entity2548 has satisfactory secondary patency rate and keeps all the advantages of a distal-located vascular access concerning complications. It is worth its second-choice place in the current algorithm of creation of vascular access for hemodialysis.

title: Promising Results of the Forearm Basilic XXXX Reveal a Worthwhile Option between Radial Cephalic and Brachial @entity292 .

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous fistula']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['Ulnar-basilic fistulas']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['Fistula']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Use of the forearm basilic vein for the creation of an @entity2548 has been codified as second-choice vascular access for hemodialysis in the last clinical guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery in 2008. Poor literature data on this technical option and on its evaluation and outcomes led us to initiate a retrospective single-center study. METHODS: We analyzed the outcomes of every @entity2548 using the forearm basilic vein created in our department. It is a retrospective study in which we collected data prospectively by contacting dialysis centers, nephrologists, and @entity1 . Primary end point was primary patency rate at 1 year. Secondary end points were secondary patency rate at 1 year, time of maturation, and Doppler flow measurement before the first puncture. RESULTS: From February 2004 to June 2014, 49 forearm basilic arteriovenous fistulas were created: 33 ulnar-basilic and 16 radial basilic arteriovenous fistulas. Initial technical success rate was 98%. Functional success rate was 60%. Primary and secondary patency rates at 1 year were respectively 21% and 48%. Median time of maturation was 81  days, and mean Doppler flow measurement was 678  mL/min. @entity292 had a statistically significant shorter time of maturation than radial basilic fistulas (P  <= 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Despite poor primary patency rate and a long time of maturation, forearm basilic @entity2548 has satisfactory secondary patency rate and keeps all the advantages of a distal-located vascular access concerning complications. It is worth its second-choice place in the current algorithm of creation of vascular access for hemodialysis.

title: Promising Results of the Forearm Basilic @entity292 Reveal a Worthwhile Option between Radial Cephalic and Brachial XXXX .

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['Fistula']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study evaluated whether toddlers in an extended preventive program of semiannual @entity1388 varnish applications from 1 year of age had a lower incidence of @entity1547 than those undergoing a standard program. A cohort of 1-year-old @entity1 (n = 3,403) living in multicultural areas of low socioeconomic standing in Stockholm participated in a cluster-randomized controlled field trial with two parallel arms. The @entity1 attended 23 dental clinics. Using the ICDAS II criteria, the examiners recorded @entity1547 at baseline and after 1 and 2 years. The @entity1 in the reference group received a standardized oral health program once yearly between 1 and 3 years of age. The @entity1 in the test group received the same standard program supplemented with topical applications of @entity1388 varnish every 6 months. We compared the test group and the reference group for the prevalence and @entity1547 . At baseline, 5% of the @entity1 had already developed @entity1547 (ICDAS II 1-6). We reexamined the @entity1 after 1 year (n = 2,675) and after 2 years (n = 2,536). Neither prevalence nor @entity1547 increment differed between the groups. At 3 years of age, 12% of the @entity1 had developed moderate and severe @entity1547 (ICDAS II 3-6), with a mean increment of 0.5 (SD 2.4) in the test group and 0.6 (SD 2.2) in the reference group. In conclusion, semiannual professional applications of @entity1388 varnish, as a supplement to a standard oral health program, failed to reduce @entity1547 development in toddlers from high-risk communities.

title: Effectiveness of Early Preventive Intervention with Semiannual XXXX Varnish Application in Toddlers Living in High-Risk Areas: A Stratified Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['carious lesions', 'increment of caries', 'caries']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['Fluoride']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To conduct a preclinical evaluation of the ability of natural killer cells to cytolyze @entity150 cells that were modified to show enhanced expression of @entity3223 ( @entity3223 ) ligands by R8-liposome-bacillus Calmette-Gu  in (BCG)-cell wall skeleton (CWS) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS:     The @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells were co-cultured with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS and BCG for 2, 4, or 6 h, and then the surface expression of @entity3223 ligands was analyzed using TaqMan real-time quantitative RT-PCR.     Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained with a conventional preparation kit, and then lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were generated from these purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells via @entity1199 stimulation.     The anti- @entity5 effect of LAK cells against untreated and R8-liposome-BCG-CWS co-cultured with cells of the @entity1 @entity150 cell lines T24 and RT-112 was analyzed using the cytotoxic WST-8 assay method at 4 h of culture at various effector/target (E : T) ratios. RESULTS:     Major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain B ( @entity1532 ) expression was increased    1.5-fold on @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells with BCG.     @entity50372 expression was also increased    1.5-fold on @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells with BCG. R8-liposome-BCG-CWS increased the surface expression of @entity1532 2.2-fold on @entity1 cells but did not increase it significantly on @entity1 cells.     @entity50372 expression was increased    2.2-fold on @entity1 cells, although no differences were observed between the expression of @entity43782 and 3 with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS.     @entity1 cells that were co-cultured with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS showed an    1.3-fold increase in sensitivity to cytolysis by LAK cells at an E : T ratio of 4 and @entity1 cells showed an    1.4-fold increase at an E : T ratio of 2. CONCLUSIONS:     In the present study, the induction of surface @entity3223 ligands by R8-liposome-BCG-CWS rendered @entity5 cells more susceptible to cytolysis by LAK cells.     @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells, even when cultured singly in the absence of immune cells, can directly respond to R8-liposome-BCG-CWS.     The results obtained in the present study may therefore indicate a novel adoptive immunotherapy against @entity150 .

title: The liposome-incorporating cell wall skeleton of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Gu  in can directly enhance the susceptibility of @entity5 cells to lymphokine-activated killer cells through up-regulation of XXXX ligands.

entities_list: @entity3223 :: ('22914', 'Gene') :: ['natural-killer group 2, member D', 'NKG2D']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancers', 'bladder cancer']

answer: @entity3223 :: (22914,Gene) :: ['natural-killer group 2, member D']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To conduct a preclinical evaluation of the ability of natural killer cells to cytolyze @entity150 cells that were modified to show enhanced expression of @entity3223 ( @entity3223 ) ligands by R8-liposome-bacillus Calmette-Gu  in (BCG)-cell wall skeleton (CWS) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS:     The @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells were co-cultured with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS and BCG for 2, 4, or 6 h, and then the surface expression of @entity3223 ligands was analyzed using TaqMan real-time quantitative RT-PCR.     Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained with a conventional preparation kit, and then lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were generated from these purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells via @entity1199 stimulation.     The anti- @entity5 effect of LAK cells against untreated and R8-liposome-BCG-CWS co-cultured with cells of the @entity1 @entity150 cell lines T24 and RT-112 was analyzed using the cytotoxic WST-8 assay method at 4 h of culture at various effector/target (E : T) ratios. RESULTS:     Major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain B ( @entity1532 ) expression was increased    1.5-fold on @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells with BCG.     @entity50372 expression was also increased    1.5-fold on @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells with BCG. R8-liposome-BCG-CWS increased the surface expression of @entity1532 2.2-fold on @entity1 cells but did not increase it significantly on @entity1 cells.     @entity50372 expression was increased    2.2-fold on @entity1 cells, although no differences were observed between the expression of @entity43782 and 3 with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS.     @entity1 cells that were co-cultured with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS showed an    1.3-fold increase in sensitivity to cytolysis by LAK cells at an E : T ratio of 4 and @entity1 cells showed an    1.4-fold increase at an E : T ratio of 2. CONCLUSIONS:     In the present study, the induction of surface @entity3223 ligands by R8-liposome-BCG-CWS rendered @entity5 cells more susceptible to cytolysis by LAK cells.     @entity1 cells and @entity1 cells, even when cultured singly in the absence of immune cells, can directly respond to R8-liposome-BCG-CWS.     The results obtained in the present study may therefore indicate a novel adoptive immunotherapy against @entity150 .

title: The liposome-incorporating cell wall skeleton of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Gu  in can directly enhance the susceptibility of XXXX cells to lymphokine-activated killer cells through up-regulation of @entity3223 ligands.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: Two local blood flow regulating mechanisms were studied before and after arterial reconstruction in 30 limbs suffering from @entity432 . Changes in forefoot blood flow were measured from the washout of a subcutaneous 133xenon depot. Arterial and venous pressures were changed by passive lowering and elevation of the foot. In 14 limbs suffering from severe @entity63 , the local vasoconstrictor response to increased venous pressure was abolished as blood flow increased 37% when the limbs were lowered 40 cm. Autoregulation of blood flow was abolished also as flow decreased 51% when the limbs were elevated 20 cm. The estimated vascular resistance was constant during lowering and elevation, indicating paralysis of the arterioles. The vasoconstrictor response had returned at the tenth postoperative day as blood flow decreased 32% during lowering. Autoregulation had also returned as blood flow remained almost constant during elevation to 40 cm. In 16 limbs with less severe @entity63 , vasoconstrictor response as well as autoregulation was preserved before operation, and no disturbances occurred after operation. Despite the early normalization of local blood flow regulation, postoperative @entity450 developed in most limbs. Post-reconstruction @entity4 developed after all but one of the 13 femorodistal bypass operations and after only one of the 17 aortoiliac reconstructions. This suggests that post-reconstruction @entity450 and post-reconstruction @entity4 are not caused by @entity1887 .

title: Normalization of local blood flow regulation in the XXXX forefoot after arterial reconstruction.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['arteriolar insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusive arterial disease']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: Both, common gene variants and @entity1 adenovirus 36 (Adv36) are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity28 . The potential relationship between these two pathogenic factors has not yet been investigated. The aim of our study was to examine the association of @entity28 susceptibility loci with Adv36 status. Genotyping of ten gene variants (in/near @entity20903 , @entity21944 , @entity23157 , @entity11620 , @entity2252 , @entity23156 , @entity1628 , @entity18957 ) and analysis of Adv36 antibodies was performed in 1,027 Czech adolescents aged 13.0-17.9 years. Variants of two genes ( @entity11620 and @entity2252 ) were associated with Adv36 seropositivity. A higher prevalence of Adv36 antibody positivity was observed in @entity28 risk allele carriers of @entity11620 @entity72842 , @entity22320 and @entity2252 @entity72843 vs. non-carriers (chi(2)=6.59, p=0.010; chi(2)=7.56, p=0.023 and chi(2)=6.84, p=0.033, respectively). The increased risk of Adv36 positivity was also found in @entity11620 variants: @entity72842 (OR=1.67, 95 % CI 1.11-2.49, p=0.016) and @entity22320 (OR=1.34, 95 % CI 1.08-1.67, p=0.010). @entity11620 @entity72842 and @entity2252 @entity23158 variants were closely associated with Adv36 status in @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively (chi(2)=5.09, p=0.024; chi(2)=7.29, p=0.026). Furthermore, @entity11620 @entity22320 risk allele was related to Adv36 seropositivity (chi(2)=6.85, p=0.033) in overweight/ @entity28 subgroup. In conclusion, our results suggest that @entity28 risk variants of @entity11620 and @entity2252 genes may be related to @entity9504 .

title: Association of adenovirus 36 infection with XXXX -related gene variants in adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'boys', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity9504 :: ('MESH:D000257', 'Disease') :: ['Adv36 infection']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Unexplained @entity1163 is the main indication for the implantation of a diagnostic pacemaker. Studies on those implanted have shown that in @entity1 with unexplained @entity1163 , the diagnosis of paroxysmal @entity1168 was feasible and reliable. The present study was designed to evaluate a new @entity1168 diagnosis algorithm, loaded in a dual chamber pacemaker, in 24 @entity1 considered as candidates for diagnostic pacemakers. During a mean follow-up of 153 days, at least one @entity1168 episode was recorded in 13 @entity1 . The mean number of detected @entity1168 was 6 and the median was 3. The mean delay between the algorithm activation and the first @entity1168 episode was 67 days. The mechanism of @entity1168 was @entity713 in 6 @entity1 , @entity1817 in 6 @entity1 , and consecutive blocked atrial premature beats in 1 @entity1 , as indicated by the event markers. In 11 @entity1 @entity1168 was recorded during the daytime only or day and night. In two @entity1 the episodes were recorded only at night. Overall, the algorithm was well-tolerated; however, some mild symptoms were observed due to the method of @entity1168 determination, allowing @entity1168 . Three @entity1 were symptomatic as a direct result of the algorithm operation, and four @entity1 had symptoms related to the single chamber operation of the pacemaker while functioning in the diagnosis mode (VDI). These symptoms were relieved with @entity3603 pacing.

title: Preliminary evaluation of a dual chamber pacemaker with XXXX diagnostic functions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity1817 :: ('MESH:D012804', 'Disease') :: ['sinus node dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia', 'bradycardias']

answer: @entity1168 :: (MESH:D001919,Disease) :: ['bradycardia']