abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of molar @entity6876 remains a considerable challenge in clinical practice. The degree of success in the management of furcation involvement is highly variable and inversely related to initial @entity92 ( @entity92 ) measurements in these lesions. The identification of clinical measurements influential to the treatment outcomes is critical to optimize the results of surgical periodontal therapy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical response of mandibular buccal Class II furcation lesions to a combined regenerative treatment modality. METHODS: Sixty @entity1 were divided into two (n = 30) treatment groups. An experimental combined regenerative therapy (ET) was compared to open flap debridement (OFD). The ET was a combination of a composite graft consisting of bioabsorbable @entity692 and @entity803 (3:1), a guided tissue regeneration barrier, and a coronally advanced flap. The clinical variables evaluated were plaque, @entity548 on probing, @entity1464 , @entity92 , vertical attachment level (VAL), horizontal attachment level (HAL), furcation vertical height, furcation horizontal depth, and the amount of tissue under the barrier membrane at uncovering. Reevaluation was performed 12 months after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Both treatments resulted in improvements in all clinical variables evaluated. Postoperative measurements revealed a reduction in @entity92 of 3.65 +/- 0.6 mm and 0.60 +/- 1.0 mm; VAL gains of 3.05 +/- 0.6 mm and 0.65 +/- 0.6 mm and HAL gains of 3.45 +/- 1.3 mm and 0.55 +/- 0.7 mm in the ET and OFD groups, respectively. In the ET group, significant positive correlations were found between baseline @entity92 and @entity92 reduction at 12 months, and the initial VAL correlated positively with @entity1017 . The horizontal furcation depth and amount of tissue formed under the membrane at uncovering correlated positively with @entity10273 . For the OFD group, the initial @entity92 correlated positively with @entity10273 and correlated negatively with recession. Initial VAL correlated positively with @entity10273 . The initial HAL correlated negatively with recession at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: ET exhibited significantly better clinical results, with more @entity10273 , and a higher frequency of furcation closure compared to OFD and showed promise as a regenerative treatment technique. The ability to predict a response to treatment based upon pretreatment parameters was not consistent between groups; thus, prediction of treatment outcomes based on pretreatment measurements should be carefully evaluated for each treatment modality.

title: Efficacy of combined regenerative treatments in @entity1 mandibular class II XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6876 :: ('MESH:D017823', 'Disease') :: ['furcation defects']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['gingival recession']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['PD reduction and HAL gain']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'probing depth']

entities_list: @entity10273 :: ('MESH:D019962', 'Disease') :: ['PD reduction, HAL and VAL gains', 'PD reduction and VAL and HAL gains', 'PD reductions and VAL and HAL gains', 'PD reduction and HAL and VAL gains']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity6876 :: (MESH:D017823,Disease) :: ['furcation defects']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of molar @entity6876 remains a considerable challenge in clinical practice. The degree of success in the management of furcation involvement is highly variable and inversely related to initial @entity92 ( @entity92 ) measurements in these lesions. The identification of clinical measurements influential to the treatment outcomes is critical to optimize the results of surgical periodontal therapy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical response of mandibular buccal Class II furcation lesions to a combined regenerative treatment modality. METHODS: Sixty @entity1 were divided into two (n = 30) treatment groups. An experimental combined regenerative therapy (ET) was compared to open flap debridement (OFD). The ET was a combination of a composite graft consisting of bioabsorbable @entity692 and @entity803 (3:1), a guided tissue regeneration barrier, and a coronally advanced flap. The clinical variables evaluated were plaque, @entity548 on probing, @entity1464 , @entity92 , vertical attachment level (VAL), horizontal attachment level (HAL), furcation vertical height, furcation horizontal depth, and the amount of tissue under the barrier membrane at uncovering. Reevaluation was performed 12 months after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Both treatments resulted in improvements in all clinical variables evaluated. Postoperative measurements revealed a reduction in @entity92 of 3.65 +/- 0.6 mm and 0.60 +/- 1.0 mm; VAL gains of 3.05 +/- 0.6 mm and 0.65 +/- 0.6 mm and HAL gains of 3.45 +/- 1.3 mm and 0.55 +/- 0.7 mm in the ET and OFD groups, respectively. In the ET group, significant positive correlations were found between baseline @entity92 and @entity92 reduction at 12 months, and the initial VAL correlated positively with @entity1017 . The horizontal furcation depth and amount of tissue formed under the membrane at uncovering correlated positively with @entity10273 . For the OFD group, the initial @entity92 correlated positively with @entity10273 and correlated negatively with recession. Initial VAL correlated positively with @entity10273 . The initial HAL correlated negatively with recession at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: ET exhibited significantly better clinical results, with more @entity10273 , and a higher frequency of furcation closure compared to OFD and showed promise as a regenerative treatment technique. The ability to predict a response to treatment based upon pretreatment parameters was not consistent between groups; thus, prediction of treatment outcomes based on pretreatment measurements should be carefully evaluated for each treatment modality.

title: Efficacy of combined regenerative treatments in XXXX mandibular class II @entity6876 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: @entity3509 , @entity733 , and septic cavernous sinus @entity2268 are all rare and potentially lethal conditions. The occurrence of all three in a single @entity1 has not previously been described. We present such a case occurring in a young, otherwise healthy @entity1 . CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 26-year-old @entity1 with a remote history of @entity1244 developed rapidly progressive @entity10 , @entity221 , right eye @entity158 , @entity4 , proptosis, and @entity227 . Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated diffuse pansinusitis, including @entity18184 , and extension of @entity32 and infection into the adjacent cavernous sinuses, pituitary gland, and posterior fossa. INTERVENTION: Urgent drainage of the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses was performed; pus was not identified. The @entity1 continued to deteriorate clinically with worsening of visual acuity. Computed tomography of the head performed the next day revealed worsening @entity1276 and an enlarging @entity3553 . Urgent ventricular drainage and evacuation of the @entity3509 was performed, and subsequently, the @entity1 's clinical course improved. The microbiology results revealed alpha hemolytic streptococcus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus species. The @entity1 survived but during the follow-up period had a @entity735 and @entity4614 . CONCLUSION: Paranasal @entity1244 can have devastating @entity932 . Involvement of the adjacent pituitary gland and cavernous sinuses can result in serious @entity16 or mortality, and retrograde spread of infection through the basal venous system can result in subdural or parenchymal brain involvement. A high index of suspicion and aggressive medical and surgical treatment are crucial for @entity1 survival, but the morbidity rate remains high. Our @entity1 survived but lost anterior pituitary function and vision in his right eye.

title: XXXX , @entity733 , and septic cavernous sinus @entity2268 secondary to paranasal @entity1244 : case report.

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3553 :: ('MESH:D013354', 'Disease') :: ['posterior fossa subdural empyema']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial sequelae']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological morbidity']

entities_list: @entity3509 :: ('MESH:D004653', 'Disease') :: ['empyema', 'Infratentorial empyema']

entities_list: @entity2268 :: ('MESH:D013924', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophlebitis']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['blind right eye']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary abscess']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity18184 :: ('MESH:D015524', 'Disease') :: ['sphenoid sinusitis']

answer: @entity3553 :: (MESH:D013354,Disease) :: ['Infratentorial subdural empyema']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: @entity3509 , @entity733 , and septic cavernous sinus @entity2268 are all rare and potentially lethal conditions. The occurrence of all three in a single @entity1 has not previously been described. We present such a case occurring in a young, otherwise healthy @entity1 . CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 26-year-old @entity1 with a remote history of @entity1244 developed rapidly progressive @entity10 , @entity221 , right eye @entity158 , @entity4 , proptosis, and @entity227 . Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated diffuse pansinusitis, including @entity18184 , and extension of @entity32 and infection into the adjacent cavernous sinuses, pituitary gland, and posterior fossa. INTERVENTION: Urgent drainage of the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses was performed; pus was not identified. The @entity1 continued to deteriorate clinically with worsening of visual acuity. Computed tomography of the head performed the next day revealed worsening @entity1276 and an enlarging @entity3553 . Urgent ventricular drainage and evacuation of the @entity3509 was performed, and subsequently, the @entity1 's clinical course improved. The microbiology results revealed alpha hemolytic streptococcus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus species. The @entity1 survived but during the follow-up period had a @entity735 and @entity4614 . CONCLUSION: Paranasal @entity1244 can have devastating @entity932 . Involvement of the adjacent pituitary gland and cavernous sinuses can result in serious @entity16 or mortality, and retrograde spread of infection through the basal venous system can result in subdural or parenchymal brain involvement. A high index of suspicion and aggressive medical and surgical treatment are crucial for @entity1 survival, but the morbidity rate remains high. Our @entity1 survived but lost anterior pituitary function and vision in his right eye.

title: @entity3553 , XXXX , and septic cavernous sinus @entity2268 secondary to paranasal @entity1244 : case report.

answer: @entity733 :: (MESH:D000038,Disease) :: ['pituitary abscess']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: @entity3509 , @entity733 , and septic cavernous sinus @entity2268 are all rare and potentially lethal conditions. The occurrence of all three in a single @entity1 has not previously been described. We present such a case occurring in a young, otherwise healthy @entity1 . CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 26-year-old @entity1 with a remote history of @entity1244 developed rapidly progressive @entity10 , @entity221 , right eye @entity158 , @entity4 , proptosis, and @entity227 . Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated diffuse pansinusitis, including @entity18184 , and extension of @entity32 and infection into the adjacent cavernous sinuses, pituitary gland, and posterior fossa. INTERVENTION: Urgent drainage of the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses was performed; pus was not identified. The @entity1 continued to deteriorate clinically with worsening of visual acuity. Computed tomography of the head performed the next day revealed worsening @entity1276 and an enlarging @entity3553 . Urgent ventricular drainage and evacuation of the @entity3509 was performed, and subsequently, the @entity1 's clinical course improved. The microbiology results revealed alpha hemolytic streptococcus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus species. The @entity1 survived but during the follow-up period had a @entity735 and @entity4614 . CONCLUSION: Paranasal @entity1244 can have devastating @entity932 . Involvement of the adjacent pituitary gland and cavernous sinuses can result in serious @entity16 or mortality, and retrograde spread of infection through the basal venous system can result in subdural or parenchymal brain involvement. A high index of suspicion and aggressive medical and surgical treatment are crucial for @entity1 survival, but the morbidity rate remains high. Our @entity1 survived but lost anterior pituitary function and vision in his right eye.

title: @entity3553 , @entity733 , and septic cavernous sinus XXXX secondary to paranasal @entity1244 : case report.

answer: @entity2268 :: (MESH:D013924,Disease) :: ['thrombophlebitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: @entity3509 , @entity733 , and septic cavernous sinus @entity2268 are all rare and potentially lethal conditions. The occurrence of all three in a single @entity1 has not previously been described. We present such a case occurring in a young, otherwise healthy @entity1 . CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 26-year-old @entity1 with a remote history of @entity1244 developed rapidly progressive @entity10 , @entity221 , right eye @entity158 , @entity4 , proptosis, and @entity227 . Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated diffuse pansinusitis, including @entity18184 , and extension of @entity32 and infection into the adjacent cavernous sinuses, pituitary gland, and posterior fossa. INTERVENTION: Urgent drainage of the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses was performed; pus was not identified. The @entity1 continued to deteriorate clinically with worsening of visual acuity. Computed tomography of the head performed the next day revealed worsening @entity1276 and an enlarging @entity3553 . Urgent ventricular drainage and evacuation of the @entity3509 was performed, and subsequently, the @entity1 's clinical course improved. The microbiology results revealed alpha hemolytic streptococcus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus species. The @entity1 survived but during the follow-up period had a @entity735 and @entity4614 . CONCLUSION: Paranasal @entity1244 can have devastating @entity932 . Involvement of the adjacent pituitary gland and cavernous sinuses can result in serious @entity16 or mortality, and retrograde spread of infection through the basal venous system can result in subdural or parenchymal brain involvement. A high index of suspicion and aggressive medical and surgical treatment are crucial for @entity1 survival, but the morbidity rate remains high. Our @entity1 survived but lost anterior pituitary function and vision in his right eye.

title: @entity3553 , @entity733 , and septic cavernous sinus @entity2268 secondary to paranasal XXXX : case report.

answer: @entity1244 :: (MESH:D012852,Disease) :: ['sinusitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody, has been shown to be effective for moderate to severe @entity1569 . Clinical experience with long-term infliximab therapy for @entity1569 is accumulating, and it is therefore important to share our experience with its use in real-life clinical practice. OBJECTIVES: To report our experience with infliximab (Remicade; Schering Plough, Kenilworth, NJ, U.S.A.) for the treatment of moderate to severe @entity1569 (and/or @entity625 ) from a single clinic in Greece. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between August 2004 and March 2008, 62 @entity1 presenting to our clinic with moderate to severe @entity1569 were treated with infliximab. Disease phenotype, clinical course, disease severity and adverse events were assessed throughout the treatment period. RESULTS: Infliximab resulted in a reduction of median Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) of 70% at week 6 and 84.4% at week 14. Nineteen @entity1 who have completed 1 year on infliximab treatment experienced sustained efficacy with a median PASI improvement of 92.16% and a Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) of 'clear' or 'almost clear', while nine @entity1 have reached approximately 20 months of continuous therapy. All @entity1 with @entity5144 showed marked improvement in their clinical symptoms following the first infusion. Eight @entity1 (12.9%) experienced adverse events that required discontinuation of treatment. There were no statistically significant differences in PASI and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores between @entity1 with @entity625 and those with only @entity272 , or between those who received @entity1499 , either from the beginning or during infliximab therapy, and those who did not receive @entity1499 at all. Selected @entity1 of interest are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: The above data confirm previous reports that treatment with infliximab is an efficacious and safe option for @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity1569 (and/or @entity625 ). Long-term follow-up, continued pharmacovigilance, and controlled comparative studies will be required to fully evaluate its use in the treatment of @entity1569 .

title: Infliximab for the treatment of XXXX in Greece: 4 years of clinical experience at a single centre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis', 'plaque psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical and spiral computed tomography (CT) features of undifferentiated @entity409 (UELS) in adults. METHODS: Clinical and CT findings of four adult @entity1 with pathology-approved UELS were retrospectively analyzed with a literature review. All @entity1 were examined using a plain and enhanced spiral CT scan. RESULTS: The @entity1 were two @entity1 and two @entity1 with a mean age of 36.5 years. The clinical manifestations were the right upper quadrant mass, @entity158 (n = four) and intermittent @entity221 (n = three). Laboratory tests showed a mild elevation of @entity160 in one @entity1 and mildly @entity409 in two. @entity1575 was present in one @entity1 coexistent with @entity157 . CT findings indicated a huge well-defined cystic-solid mass with varying degrees of enhancement of the solid component. Irregular high-density lesions showing @entity548 occurred in three @entity1 and the inferior vena cava was compressed in one. CONCLUSION: UELS showed a solitary and predominantly cystic or multicystic appearance on CT imaging compared with ultrasound (US) from the medical literature, which shows a predominantly hypoechoic mass. The laboratory tests were normal or mildly abnormal despite the presence of the large mass. The combination of these clinical features and CT findings together with those of US are helpful in making a prospective diagnosis.

title: Clinical features and spiral computed tomography analysis of undifferentiated XXXX in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic liver sarcoma', 'abnormal liver function']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['Liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['embryonic liver sarcoma']


abstract: A microemulsion liquid chromatographic (MELC) method was developed for the determination of @entity1875 in @entity1 plasma. The assay was performed on a Hypersil BDS @entity6173 column, and the effects of each component in the microemulsion mobile phase on the elution were investigated. The optimized microemulsion mobile phase consisted of 0.5% @entity1543 containing 3.0% @entity3208 , 0.8% @entity32045 , 6.0% @entity10439 . The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the separation was operated at ambient temperature. The fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths were 274 nm and 312 nm, respectively. The plasma samples were diluted with the mobile phase and centrifuged before injection. The calibration curve of @entity1875 was linear within the range of 0.25 - 10 microg/mL. The method recoveries were (98.2 +/- 1.9)% - (104.6 +/- 2.2)%. The intra-day @entity5494 ( @entity5494 ) of peak area were 1.42% -2.43%, and the inter-day @entity5494 were 2.75% - 4.79%. The method is simple and reproducible. It can be used for the determination of @entity1875 in @entity1 plasma.

title: [Determination of XXXX in @entity1 plasma by microemulsion liquid chromatography].

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecylsulfate']

entities_list: @entity5494 :: ('MESH:D010262', 'Disease') :: ['relative standard deviations', 'RSDs']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity1875 :: (MESH:D015742,Chemical) :: ['propofol']


abstract: A microemulsion liquid chromatographic (MELC) method was developed for the determination of @entity1875 in @entity1 plasma. The assay was performed on a Hypersil BDS @entity6173 column, and the effects of each component in the microemulsion mobile phase on the elution were investigated. The optimized microemulsion mobile phase consisted of 0.5% @entity1543 containing 3.0% @entity3208 , 0.8% @entity32045 , 6.0% @entity10439 . The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the separation was operated at ambient temperature. The fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths were 274 nm and 312 nm, respectively. The plasma samples were diluted with the mobile phase and centrifuged before injection. The calibration curve of @entity1875 was linear within the range of 0.25 - 10 microg/mL. The method recoveries were (98.2 +/- 1.9)% - (104.6 +/- 2.2)%. The intra-day @entity5494 ( @entity5494 ) of peak area were 1.42% -2.43%, and the inter-day @entity5494 were 2.75% - 4.79%. The method is simple and reproducible. It can be used for the determination of @entity1875 in @entity1 plasma.

title: [Determination of @entity1875 in XXXX plasma by microemulsion liquid chromatography].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess noninvasively the @entity5 microenvironment of neck nodal metastases in @entity1 with @entity135 by investigating the relationship between @entity5 perfusion measured using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and @entity519 measured by @entity9241 ( @entity8984 -FMISO) positron emission tomography (PET). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirteen newly diagnosed @entity135 @entity1 with metastatic neck nodes underwent DCE-MRI and @entity8984 -FMISO PET imaging before chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The matched regions of interests from both modalities were analyzed. To examine the correlations between DCE-MRI parameters and standard uptake value (SUV) measurements from @entity8984 -FMISO PET, the nonparametric Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated. Furthermore, DCE-MRI parameters were compared between nodes with @entity8984 -FMISO uptake and nodes with no @entity9241 uptake using Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: For the 13 @entity1 , a total of 18 nodes were analyzed. The nodal size strongly correlated with the @entity8984 -FMISO SUV (rho = 0.74, p < 0.001). There was a strong negative correlation between the median k(ep) (redistribution rate constant) value (rho = -0.58, p = 0.042) and the @entity8984 -FMISO SUV. @entity519 nodes (moderate to severe @entity9241 uptake) had significantly lower median K(trans) (volume transfer constant) (p = 0.049) and median k(ep) (p = 0.027) values than did nonhypoxic nodes (no @entity9241 uptake). CONCLUSION: This initial evaluation of the preliminary results support the hypothesis that in metastatic neck lymph nodes, @entity519 nodes are poorly perfused (i.e., have significantly lower K(trans) and k(ep) values) compared with nonhypoxic nodes.

title: Noninvasive assessment of @entity5 microenvironment using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and XXXX positron emission tomography imaging in neck nodal metastases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head-and-neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity9241 :: ('MESH:C031843', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-FMISO', '(18)F-fluoromisonidazole']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoxic', 'hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity9241 :: (MESH:C031843,Chemical) :: ['18F-fluoromisonidazole']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess noninvasively the @entity5 microenvironment of neck nodal metastases in @entity1 with @entity135 by investigating the relationship between @entity5 perfusion measured using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and @entity519 measured by @entity9241 ( @entity8984 -FMISO) positron emission tomography (PET). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirteen newly diagnosed @entity135 @entity1 with metastatic neck nodes underwent DCE-MRI and @entity8984 -FMISO PET imaging before chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The matched regions of interests from both modalities were analyzed. To examine the correlations between DCE-MRI parameters and standard uptake value (SUV) measurements from @entity8984 -FMISO PET, the nonparametric Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated. Furthermore, DCE-MRI parameters were compared between nodes with @entity8984 -FMISO uptake and nodes with no @entity9241 uptake using Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: For the 13 @entity1 , a total of 18 nodes were analyzed. The nodal size strongly correlated with the @entity8984 -FMISO SUV (rho = 0.74, p < 0.001). There was a strong negative correlation between the median k(ep) (redistribution rate constant) value (rho = -0.58, p = 0.042) and the @entity8984 -FMISO SUV. @entity519 nodes (moderate to severe @entity9241 uptake) had significantly lower median K(trans) (volume transfer constant) (p = 0.049) and median k(ep) (p = 0.027) values than did nonhypoxic nodes (no @entity9241 uptake). CONCLUSION: This initial evaluation of the preliminary results support the hypothesis that in metastatic neck lymph nodes, @entity519 nodes are poorly perfused (i.e., have significantly lower K(trans) and k(ep) values) compared with nonhypoxic nodes.

title: Noninvasive assessment of XXXX microenvironment using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and @entity9241 positron emission tomography imaging in neck nodal metastases.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, overall survival of @entity1 with @entity957 floor continues to be low. Prognostic information is essential for improved evaluation and treatment. A molecular approach is necessary for a better understanding of @entity5 . We analyzed 50 @entity1 with early @entity957 (stages I and II - AJCC, 1997), who were surgically treated in head and neck departments at Heliopolis Hospital and Santa @entity13389 in S  o Paulo, Brazil. We searched for epidemiological and pathological behaviors that could be involved in @entity5 recurrence and the influence of cellular adhesion loss in @entity1 outcome. We established two groups: @entity1 with disease recurrence within 3 years of follow-up and @entity1 with no @entity5 recurrence in this period. Significant prognostic variables included age, daily @entity167 intake, neural invasion and maximum @entity5 thickness. Our findings are similar to other published data in which younger @entity1 have a better prognosis. The odds ratio for neural invasion was low but was significant for thickness. No significant difference was observed among groups in @entity5962 expression. Our data suggest that 3 and 5mm are the prognostic determinants of thickness. @entity5962 mutation was not related to recurrences but was associated with locally aggressive invasion patterns.

title: Epidemiological and histopathological data and XXXX -like prognostic factors in early carcinomas of the tongue and floor of mouth.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue and mouth']

answer: @entity5962 :: (999,Gene) :: ['E-cadherin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To confirm previous findings that hip abductor activity measured by electromyography (EMG) on the side contralateral to cane use is reduced during walking in @entity64 @entity1 . To assess whether an orthosis (TheraTogs) or hip abductor taping increase hemiplegic hip abductor activity compared with activity during cane walking or while walking without aids. To investigate the effect of each condition on temporo-spatial gait parameters. DESIGN: Randomized, within- @entity1 experimental study. SETTING: Gait laboratory. SUBJECTS: Thirteen @entity1 following first @entity64 . INTERVENTION: Data collection over six gait cycles as subjects walked at self-selected speed during: baseline (without aids) and in randomized order with (1) hip abductor taping, (2) TheraTogs, (3) cane in non-hemiplegic hand. MAIN MEASURES: Peak EMG of gluteus medius and @entity392 and temporo-spatial gait parameters. RESULTS: Cane use reduced EMG activity in gluteus medius from baseline by 21.86%. TheraTogs increased it by 16.47% (change cane use-TheraTogs P = 0.001, effect size = -0.5) and tape by 5.8% (change cane use-tape P = 0.001, effect size = -0.46). In @entity392 cane use reduced EMG activity from baseline by 19.14%. TheraTogs also reduced EMG activity from baseline by 1.10% (change cane use-TheraTogs P = 0.009, effect size -0.37) and tape by 3% (not significant). Gait speed (m/s) at: baseline 0.44, cane use 0.45, tape 0.48, TheraTogs 0.49. CONCLUSION: Hip abductor taping and TheraTogs increase hemiplegic hip abductor activity and gait speed during walking compared with baseline and cane use.

title: Hip abductor control in walking following XXXX -- the immediate effect of canes, taping and TheraTogs on gait.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tensor fascia lata']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To clone and characterize the p43 cDNA from muscle larvae cDNA library of @entity8416 (Ts) Chinese isolate. METHODS: PCR technique was used to amplify the target cDNA from muscle larvae cDNA library. After cloned in pMD18T vector, it was transformed into @entity526 NovaBlue. The positive clones were sequenced and the cDNA was cloned into pET28a expression vector. After induced by IPTG, the inclusion body of the recombinant protein was purified and re-natured. The deoxyribonuclease II (DNase II) activity of the recombinant protein was tested by hydrolyzing XDNA. RESULTS: Open reading frame (ORF) of the p43 cDNA was successfully cloned from the muscle larvae cDNA library of the Chinese Ts, there were mutations of two @entity2036 in the ORF of the Chinese Ts p43 cDNA comparing with that from U.S.A. isolate at the positions 210 and 604, namely, C and A in the USA isolate but T and G in the Chinese isolate. Considering that three authors had cloned the same p43 cDNA from the USA isolate and six groups (including this team) had also obtained the same sequence from the Chinese isolate, the mutation of the two @entity2036 was considered as the single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) marker of the Chinese Ts isolate. The DNase II activity of the recombinant protein was successfully detected by hydrolyzing lamdaDNA. CONCLUSION: The p43 cDNA was successfully cloned from the muscle larvae cDNA library of the Ts Chinese isolate. Two SNPs were found in the @entity377 sequence. The DNase II activity was proved.

title: [Cloning and characterization of p43 cDNA from XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity8416 :: ('6334', 'Species') :: ['Trichinella spiralis']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

answer: @entity8416 :: (6334,Species) :: ['Trichinella spiralis']


abstract: Salinity affects normal growth and development of plants depending on their capacity to overcome the induced stress. The present study was focused on the response and regulation of the antioxidant defence system in @entity5598 roots under short and long salt treatments. The function and the implications of @entity273 as a stressor or as a signalling molecule were also studied. Two different zones were analysed--the elongation and differentiation zone and the fully differentiated root zone--in order to broaden the knowledge of the different effects of salt stress in root. In general, an accumulation of @entity273 was observed in both zones at the highest (80 mM @entity1219 ) concentration. A higher accumulation of @entity273 was observed in the stele of salt-treated roots. At the subcellular level, mitochondria accumulated @entity273 in salt-treated roots. The results confirm a drastic decrease in the antioxidant enzymes @entity70852 , @entity9050 peroxidase, and peroxidases under short salt treatments. However, @entity70852 and peroxidase activities were recovered under long salt stress treatments. The two antioxidant molecules analysed, @entity9050 and @entity2041 , showed a different trend during salt treatments. @entity9050 was progressively accumulated and its redox state maintained, but @entity2041 was highly accumulated at 24 h of salt treatment, but then its concentration and redox state progressively decreased. Concomitantly, the antioxidant enzymes involved in @entity9050 and @entity2041 regeneration were modified under salt stress treatments. In conclusion, the increase in @entity9050 levels and the maintenance of the redox state seem to be critical for root growth and development under salt stress.

title: A different role for XXXX and the antioxidative system under short and long salt stress in @entity5598 roots.

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity5598 :: ('3712', 'Species') :: ['Brassica oleracea']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity9050 :: ('CHEBI:38290', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbate', 'Ascorbate']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen peroxide']


abstract: Salinity affects normal growth and development of plants depending on their capacity to overcome the induced stress. The present study was focused on the response and regulation of the antioxidant defence system in @entity5598 roots under short and long salt treatments. The function and the implications of @entity273 as a stressor or as a signalling molecule were also studied. Two different zones were analysed--the elongation and differentiation zone and the fully differentiated root zone--in order to broaden the knowledge of the different effects of salt stress in root. In general, an accumulation of @entity273 was observed in both zones at the highest (80 mM @entity1219 ) concentration. A higher accumulation of @entity273 was observed in the stele of salt-treated roots. At the subcellular level, mitochondria accumulated @entity273 in salt-treated roots. The results confirm a drastic decrease in the antioxidant enzymes @entity70852 , @entity9050 peroxidase, and peroxidases under short salt treatments. However, @entity70852 and peroxidase activities were recovered under long salt stress treatments. The two antioxidant molecules analysed, @entity9050 and @entity2041 , showed a different trend during salt treatments. @entity9050 was progressively accumulated and its redox state maintained, but @entity2041 was highly accumulated at 24 h of salt treatment, but then its concentration and redox state progressively decreased. Concomitantly, the antioxidant enzymes involved in @entity9050 and @entity2041 regeneration were modified under salt stress treatments. In conclusion, the increase in @entity9050 levels and the maintenance of the redox state seem to be critical for root growth and development under salt stress.

title: A different role for @entity273 and the antioxidative system under short and long salt stress in XXXX roots.

answer: @entity5598 :: (3712,Species) :: ['Brassica oleracea']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The treatment of @entity1358 is challenging. Radiofrequency ablation has been increasingly applied in the management of @entity703 . Herein, we report our experience of radiofrequency ablation on 12 @entity1 with @entity1358 . METHODS: From March 2006 to September 2010, 12 @entity1 with bilateral @entity1358 (29 lesions overall) were identified from our kidney database. The mean age was 62.3 years (range 35-81). The mean @entity5 diameter was 4.5 cm (range 0.9-9.0). Three @entity1 received unilateral radiofrequency ablation and contralateral radical nephrectomy, whereas nine @entity1 received bilateral radiofrequency ablation. The oncological and functional outcomes were analyzed. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography examinations were carried out at day 7, and at 3 and 6 months after the procedure, and every 6 months thereafter. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 33 months (range 10-64). The @entity5 control rate was 93.1% (27/29). Cancer-specific survival and the overall survival rates were 100%. No death or @entity177 after the procedure was found. In @entity1 who underwent bilateral radiofrequency ablation, the latest mean glomerular filtration rate had not significantly declined compared with preoperative levels (93.7    13.0 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m(2) vs 96.9    13.3 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m(2), respectively; P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Radiofrequency ablation shows encouraging outcomes in the treatment of @entity1358 . It can provide adequate @entity5 control and @entity5 -specific survival compared with nephron-sparing surgery while not affecting the renal function.

title: Radiofrequency ablation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'local tumor']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['synchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma', 'bilateral renal cell carcinoma', 'synchronous sporadic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumors']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['synchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity0 has characteristic cytologic features, but few studies exist that analyze the reproducibility of this diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To analyze @entity1 ' diagnosis of @entity189 in breast fine-needle aspiration (FNA) slides distributed in an educational interlaboratory peer comparison program. DESIGN: @entity1 responses for FNA slides with a reference diagnosis of @entity189 , distributed between 2001-2008 in the College of American Pathologists Interlaboratory Comparison Program in Nongynecologic Cytopathology, were evaluated for concordance with the general category and reference diagnosis of @entity189 . RESULTS: Of 8061 responses, 6353 (78.8%) were categorized as malignant; 775 (9.6%) as suspicious; and 933 (11.6%) as negative. The most frequent incorrect responses for the benign category included @entity1557 (51.7%), nonspecified @entity75 (12%), @entity3923 (7.8%), and fat @entity39 / @entity2883 / @entity6377 (6.9%). Conventional Papanicolaou-stained preparations were reviewed for 58.7% (4732) of responses; of these, 39.4% (3177) were from modified Giemsa-stained smears and 1.9% (152) from ThinPrep slides. Papanicolaou-stained conventional smears had the lowest concordance (86.5%) when compared to modified Giemsa-stained smears (91.2%) and ThinPrep challenges (92.1%) (P < .001). @entity1 specifically diagnosed @entity189 37.3% of the time, and modified Giemsa-stained challenges performed best (43.1%, P < .001). There was no significant difference between cytotechnologists' and pathologists' responses (87.9% versus 88.2%; P = .69). CONCLUSIONS: @entity189 in FNA was not accurately identified in a glass slide interlaboratory comparison program. We observed better performance with modified Giemsa-stained and ThinPrep slides than with Papanicolaou-stained preparations. The most common response for the benign category of @entity189 was @entity1557 . Increased awareness of the cytologic features of @entity189 may improve accuracy in breast FNA.

title: Performance characteristics of mucinous (colloid) XXXX in fine-needle aspirates: observations from the College of American Pathologists Interlaboratory Comparison Program in Nongynecologic Cytopathology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participant', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Mucinous breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['benign lesion']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous carcinoma', 'Mucinous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3923 :: ('MESH:D005348', 'Disease') :: ['fibrocystic changes']

entities_list: @entity1557 :: ('MESH:D018226', 'Disease') :: ['fibroadenoma']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity6377 :: ('MESH:D005549', 'Disease') :: ['foreign body reaction']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the breast']


abstract: There is evidence that inflammatory processes are involved in the development and/or progression of @entity2316 . However, effective treatment for @entity32 in the kidneys of @entity6 is practically unknown. The rhizomes of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora (PS) are a traditional medication long used to treat inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the @entity1068 @entity14554 ( @entity14554 ) may reduce @entity32 in @entity1 with @entity6 kidneys. @entity3839 -induced @entity6 @entity35 were randomly assigned to two groups treated with a gavage of either @entity14554 or vehicle. A group of non- @entity6 control @entity35 was treated concurrently. Compared with vehicle-treated @entity6 @entity35 , @entity14554 -treated animals displayed a significant decrease in renal macrophage infiltration and overexpression of @entity657 ( @entity657 ) and @entity1810 . This was associated with attenuation of the structural and functional abnormalities of early @entity2316 , such as @entity8 , mesangial expansion, and @entity633 . Administration of @entity14554 significantly reduced @entity1110 oxidase-dependent superoxide generation and decreased expression of @entity1234 and advanced oxidation protein products in @entity6 kidney. These data suggest that @entity14554 might improve @entity2316 , probably through inhibition of redox-sensitive @entity32 .

title: @entity1068 extraction of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora prevents XXXX in experimental @entity6 via anti- @entity32 action.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity14554 :: ('OMIM:174500', 'Disease') :: ['EPS', 'extract of PS']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['Streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal injury']


abstract: There is evidence that inflammatory processes are involved in the development and/or progression of @entity2316 . However, effective treatment for @entity32 in the kidneys of @entity6 is practically unknown. The rhizomes of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora (PS) are a traditional medication long used to treat inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the @entity1068 @entity14554 ( @entity14554 ) may reduce @entity32 in @entity1 with @entity6 kidneys. @entity3839 -induced @entity6 @entity35 were randomly assigned to two groups treated with a gavage of either @entity14554 or vehicle. A group of non- @entity6 control @entity35 was treated concurrently. Compared with vehicle-treated @entity6 @entity35 , @entity14554 -treated animals displayed a significant decrease in renal macrophage infiltration and overexpression of @entity657 ( @entity657 ) and @entity1810 . This was associated with attenuation of the structural and functional abnormalities of early @entity2316 , such as @entity8 , mesangial expansion, and @entity633 . Administration of @entity14554 significantly reduced @entity1110 oxidase-dependent superoxide generation and decreased expression of @entity1234 and advanced oxidation protein products in @entity6 kidney. These data suggest that @entity14554 might improve @entity2316 , probably through inhibition of redox-sensitive @entity32 .

title: @entity1068 extraction of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora prevents @entity8 in experimental XXXX via anti- @entity32 action.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: There is evidence that inflammatory processes are involved in the development and/or progression of @entity2316 . However, effective treatment for @entity32 in the kidneys of @entity6 is practically unknown. The rhizomes of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora (PS) are a traditional medication long used to treat inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the @entity1068 @entity14554 ( @entity14554 ) may reduce @entity32 in @entity1 with @entity6 kidneys. @entity3839 -induced @entity6 @entity35 were randomly assigned to two groups treated with a gavage of either @entity14554 or vehicle. A group of non- @entity6 control @entity35 was treated concurrently. Compared with vehicle-treated @entity6 @entity35 , @entity14554 -treated animals displayed a significant decrease in renal macrophage infiltration and overexpression of @entity657 ( @entity657 ) and @entity1810 . This was associated with attenuation of the structural and functional abnormalities of early @entity2316 , such as @entity8 , mesangial expansion, and @entity633 . Administration of @entity14554 significantly reduced @entity1110 oxidase-dependent superoxide generation and decreased expression of @entity1234 and advanced oxidation protein products in @entity6 kidney. These data suggest that @entity14554 might improve @entity2316 , probably through inhibition of redox-sensitive @entity32 .

title: XXXX extraction of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora prevents @entity8 in experimental @entity6 via anti- @entity32 action.

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['Ethanol']


abstract: There is evidence that inflammatory processes are involved in the development and/or progression of @entity2316 . However, effective treatment for @entity32 in the kidneys of @entity6 is practically unknown. The rhizomes of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora (PS) are a traditional medication long used to treat inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the @entity1068 @entity14554 ( @entity14554 ) may reduce @entity32 in @entity1 with @entity6 kidneys. @entity3839 -induced @entity6 @entity35 were randomly assigned to two groups treated with a gavage of either @entity14554 or vehicle. A group of non- @entity6 control @entity35 was treated concurrently. Compared with vehicle-treated @entity6 @entity35 , @entity14554 -treated animals displayed a significant decrease in renal macrophage infiltration and overexpression of @entity657 ( @entity657 ) and @entity1810 . This was associated with attenuation of the structural and functional abnormalities of early @entity2316 , such as @entity8 , mesangial expansion, and @entity633 . Administration of @entity14554 significantly reduced @entity1110 oxidase-dependent superoxide generation and decreased expression of @entity1234 and advanced oxidation protein products in @entity6 kidney. These data suggest that @entity14554 might improve @entity2316 , probably through inhibition of redox-sensitive @entity32 .

title: @entity1068 extraction of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora prevents @entity8 in experimental @entity6 via anti- XXXX action.

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10438 nasal spray (MFNS) 400 microg, twice daily, as adjunctive treatment with oral antibiotic significantly improved symptoms of recurrent rhinosinusitis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of MFNS 200 microg, twice daily, and 400 microg, twice daily, compared with placebo as adjunctive treatment with oral antibiotic for acute rhinosinusitis. METHODS: In this multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 967 outpatients with computed tomographic scan-confirmed moderate to severe rhinosinusitis received @entity115 / @entity798 ( @entity10188 , GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC) 875 mg, twice daily, for 21 days with adjunctive twice daily MFNS 200 microg, MFNS 400 microg, or placebo nasal spray. @entity1 recorded scores of six rhinosinusitis symptoms and any adverse events twice daily. Pre- and postcosyntropin-stimulation plasma @entity701 levels were measured in a subset of @entity1 at selected study sites. RESULTS: Treatment with MFNS 200 microg or 400 microg, twice daily, produced significantly greater improvements in total symptoms score (primary efficacy variable) day 1 to day 15 average (50% and 51%, respectively) than placebo (44%, P < or = 0.017). Both doses of MFNS produced significant total symptoms score improvement over placebo by day 4, and maintained efficacy over the entire 21-day study. Relief of individual symptoms showed a similar pattern. Both doses of MFNS were well tolerated, and adverse events were similar to that of placebo. Cosyntropin stimulation showed no evidence of @entity2339 suppression. CONCLUSIONS: As adjunctive therapy to oral antibiotic treatment, MFNS at doses of 200 microg or 400 microg, twice daily, was well tolerated and significantly more effective in reducing the symptoms of rhinosinusitis than antibiotic therapy alone.

title: Effective dose range of XXXX nasal spray in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity798 :: ('MESH:D019818', 'Chemical') :: ['clavulanate potassium']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis']

entities_list: @entity10188 :: ('MESH:D019980', 'Chemical') :: ['Augmentin']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity10438 :: ('MESH:C053915', 'Chemical') :: ['Mometasone furoate']

answer: @entity10438 :: (MESH:C053915,Chemical) :: ['mometasone furoate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the 5-year experience of a diagnostic programme for @entity700 with special emphasis to diagnose hormonally active and @entity5 . DESIGN: A prospective study in which new cases of @entity700 in Sweden have been evaluated by a standardized diagnostic protocol between January 1996 and July 2001. SETTING: Thirty-three different Swedish hospitals have contributed with cases. SUBJECTS: A total of 381 @entity1 (217 females, 164 males) with @entity700 were studied. INTERVENTIONS: Diagnostic procedures were undertaken according to a standardized programme. Operation was recommended if the incidentaloma had a size of more than 3-4 cm or if there was a suspicion of a hypersecreting @entity5 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The size of the incidentaloma, clinical characteristics of the @entity1 and results of biochemical diagnostic tests were registered. RESULTS: The median age of the @entity1 was 64 years (18-84 years), and the median size of the incidentalomas was 3 cm (1-20 cm). A total of 85(22%) @entity1 were operated. Twenty of these @entity1 were diagnosed with a benign hypersecreting @entity5 and 14 with a @entity5 . Fourteen of 15 operated @entity1 with diagnosed @entity1911 had elevated 24-h urinary @entity1063 and all of the @entity1 operated because of a biochemical suspicion of @entity1369 or @entity701 hypersecretion (n = 6) were found to have @entity652 . Of the 14 operated @entity1 with @entity5 , 10 were @entity4304 (median size 10 cm; range 4-16 cm). In a multiple logistic regression model, incidentaloma size was significantly associated with the risk of a @entity5 (P = 0.009), and there was a tendency of an association between age/male sex and the risk of a @entity5 (both, P = 0.07). CONCLUSION: In this Swedish multicentre study of 381 cases with @entity700 , 5% had benign hypersecreting @entity5 and nearly 4% had @entity5 . The results of the biochemical diagnostic tests used had a high compatibility with the histological diagnosis found at operation in the @entity1 with hypersecreting @entity5 . @entity5 size, male gender and high age were predictive for the risk of a @entity5 . A follow-up of the @entity1 is warranted in order to establish whether there are undiscovered cases of malignant or hypersecreting @entity5 amongst the nonoperated @entity1 .

title: XXXX --experience of a standardized diagnostic programme in the Swedish prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity1911 :: ('MESH:D010673', 'Disease') :: ['pheochromocytoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours', 'malignant lesions', 'Tumour', 'tumours', 'malignant diseases', 'malignant tumour', 'malignancy', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity700 :: ('MESH:C538238', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal incidentaloma', 'adrenal incidentalomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal adenomas']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity4304 :: ('MESH:D000310', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal carcinomas']

answer: @entity700 :: (MESH:C538238,Disease) :: ['Adrenal incidentaloma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Several methods for measuring @entity6579 ( @entity15002 ) concentrations have been reported. However, these methods are not practical because they are either too complicated and/or too time-consuming for @entity15002 determinations in human serum and plasma. DESIGN AND METHODS: We have developed a new enzymatic @entity15002 assay, which uses lysophospholipase, @entity11834 phosphodiesterase and @entity1877 oxidase, and which determines the quantities of @entity273 generated in the presence of peroxidase using an oxidative chromogenic reagent and @entity23134 . RESULTS: Various samples were mixed with @entity15002 assay reagents, and their changes in absorbance were measured. The present method produced a linear calibration line between @entity15002 concentration and absorbance change. It also measured only @entity15002 , and not other phospholipids such as @entity2434 , @entity4291 and @entity4990 . The within-run and between-run coefficients of variation were 0.3-0.7% and 0.7%, respectively. The recovery of exogenous @entity15002 added to control serum was 99.5-102.1%. The correlation coefficient obtained in a comparison with a method for analyzing @entity1718 was 0.9122. CONCLUSIONS: The present method is simple, specific for @entity15002 , and can be applied with an automatic analyzer. It may also be useful for further studies of the biological functions of @entity15002 as well as clinical applications in various disorders.

title: An enzymatic assay for XXXX concentration in human serum and plasma.

entities_list: @entity4990 :: ('MESH:C032881', 'Chemical') :: ['lysophosphatidic acid']

entities_list: @entity6579 :: ('MESH:D008244', 'Chemical') :: ['lysophosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity11834 :: ('MESH:D005997', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerophosphorylcholine']

entities_list: @entity2434 :: ('MESH:D010713', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity23134 :: ('MESH:D000675', 'Chemical') :: ['4-aminoantipyrine']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity4291 :: ('CHEBI:17636', 'Chemical') :: ['sphingomyelin']

answer: @entity6579 :: (MESH:D008244,Chemical) :: ['lysophosphatidylcholine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that delineating electrically unexcitable scar (EUS) within low-voltage @entity1188 regions will locate reentry circuit isthmuses by defining their borders. The pacing threshold and electrogram amplitude that best determines EUS is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: The change in dimension of the virtual electrode was estimated in 11 @entity1 and observed to increase by 4.4+/-2.5 mm as stimulus strength increases from threshold (2.9+/-1.8 mA) to 10 mA. EUS was defined as a threshold >10 mA. In 14 consecutive @entity1 , mapping and ablation of @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) were performed using an electroanatomic mapping system. During sinus rhythm, unipolar pacing was performed at sites with bipolar electrogram amplitude <1.5 mV. EUS regions were marked on the maps. Reentry circuit isthmuses were identified by entrainment mapping or pace mapping, and ablation was performed. EUS was identified in the @entity1188 in all 14 @entity1 (11.8+/-13.9 cm2). All 20 @entity1165 circuit isthmuses identified were adjacent to EUS. Although electrogram amplitude correlated with pacing threshold (r=0.64, P<0.0001), many isthmuses had very low-amplitude electrograms, and EUS could not be identified from electrogram amplitude alone. RF ablation lines connecting selected EUS regions abolished all inducible VTs in 10 @entity1 (71%); spontaneous @entity1165 was markedly reduced during follow-up (from 142+/-360 to 0.9+/-2.0 episodes per month, P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: This new method of identifying EUS provides complimentary information to the electrogram amplitude in delineating potential reentry circuit paths, potentially facilitating ablation during sinus rhythm.

title: Electrically unexcitable scar mapping based on pacing threshold for identification of the reentry circuit isthmus: feasibility for guiding XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia ablation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of short RNA molecules, which negatively regulate gene expression. The levels of circulating miR-15 family members are elevated in septic @entity1 and may be associated with @entity204 . This study investigated whether inhibition of @entity14074 , a member of the miR-15 family, provided beneficial effects in @entity295 . METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity295 was induced by injection of feces into the peritoneum in @entity19 . @entity14074 was upregulated in the lung and liver of septic @entity19 . Silencing of @entity14074 increased the protein levels of @entity1379 , @entity14075 , and @entity8627 ; prevented apoptosis; reduced liver and @entity651 ; and improved the survival in septic @entity19 . Silencing of @entity14074 provided similar protection in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemic @entity19 . In endothelial cells, upregulation of @entity14074 induced apoptosis, and inhibition of @entity14074 prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis. @entity14074 repressed expression of its protein targets, @entity1379 , @entity14075 , and @entity8627 . Furthermore, overexpression of @entity8627 prevented apoptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide and @entity14074 mimic. Inhibition of @entity8627 attenuated the protective effects of @entity14074 silencing in septic @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: Silencing of @entity14074 reduced multiple-organ injury and improved the survival in @entity295 , and the protective effects of @entity14074 inhibition were associated with upregulation of @entity1379 , @entity14075 , and @entity8627 . Thus, inhibition of @entity14074 may represent a new therapeutic approach for @entity295 .

title: Inhibition of MicroRNA 195 Prevents Apoptosis and Multiple-Organ Injury in @entity19 Models of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['septic death']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['Sepsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of short RNA molecules, which negatively regulate gene expression. The levels of circulating miR-15 family members are elevated in septic @entity1 and may be associated with @entity204 . This study investigated whether inhibition of @entity14074 , a member of the miR-15 family, provided beneficial effects in @entity295 . METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity295 was induced by injection of feces into the peritoneum in @entity19 . @entity14074 was upregulated in the lung and liver of septic @entity19 . Silencing of @entity14074 increased the protein levels of @entity1379 , @entity14075 , and @entity8627 ; prevented apoptosis; reduced liver and @entity651 ; and improved the survival in septic @entity19 . Silencing of @entity14074 provided similar protection in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemic @entity19 . In endothelial cells, upregulation of @entity14074 induced apoptosis, and inhibition of @entity14074 prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis. @entity14074 repressed expression of its protein targets, @entity1379 , @entity14075 , and @entity8627 . Furthermore, overexpression of @entity8627 prevented apoptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide and @entity14074 mimic. Inhibition of @entity8627 attenuated the protective effects of @entity14074 silencing in septic @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: Silencing of @entity14074 reduced multiple-organ injury and improved the survival in @entity295 , and the protective effects of @entity14074 inhibition were associated with upregulation of @entity1379 , @entity14075 , and @entity8627 . Thus, inhibition of @entity14074 may represent a new therapeutic approach for @entity295 .

title: Inhibition of MicroRNA 195 Prevents Apoptosis and Multiple-Organ Injury in XXXX Models of @entity295 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery has been established as the most effective long-term treatment for morbid @entity28 and @entity28 -related comorbidities. Despite its success, there is a paucity of data on the outcomes of bariatric surgery on Hispanic @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective review of @entity28 @entity1 treated at our institute between 2008 and 2014. We identified self-reported Hispanic @entity1 who underwent a laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGBP), sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), or gastric band (LGB) procedure. The primary end point was excess @entity353 (EWL) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Secondary end points included improvement of @entity28 -related metabolic parameters at 1 year. We performed a repeated measures analysis of variance to calculate statistical significance throughout our study time period. RESULTS: We identified 2002 Hispanic @entity1 who underwent bariatric surgery (1,235 LGBP, 600 LSG, 167 LGB) at our institute from 2008 to 2014. Follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months were 62.2%, 54.5%, 36.2%, and 19.8%, respectively. Mean preoperative BMIs were 47.0    7.2 kg/m(2), 46.1    7.8 kg/m(2), and 44.9    6.0 kg/m(2) for the LGBP, LSG, and LGB cohorts, respectively. Excess @entity353 was significantly more pronounced in the LGBP and the LSG groups than in the LGB group; this difference was accentuated over time (Fig.  1; p  < 0.0001). Obesity-related metabolic parameters and the need for comorbidity medical therapy decreased in all 3 surgical groups. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery is highly successful in @entity28 @entity1 . In the largest series to date, LGBP and LSG seem to yield more effective EWL and @entity353 parameters than LGB among Hispanics; however, outcomes are still markedly reduced when compared with those in non-Hispanic populations.

title: Excess Weight Loss and Cardiometabolic Parameter Reduction Diminished among Hispanics Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: Outcomes in More than 2,000 Consecutive Hispanic XXXX at a Single Institution.

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of cardiometabolic', 'weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'Hispanic obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Incidence of anterior knee @entity158 after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is reported to be between 4 and 49  %. The incidence of AKP at long-term follow-up and possible determinants after cruciate cruciate-retaining TKA were investigated. METHODS: A 10-year follow-up of a cohort of 55 @entity1 (63 TKAs), who received the balanSys    cruciate-retaining total knee system (Mathys Ltd, Bettlach, Switzerland) between 1999 and 2002, was performed. @entity1 had undergone the balanced gap technique, with either a fixed bearing or an AP-glide bearing. Standardised diagnostic questions regarding AKP were collected and categorised into two groups: those with and without AKP. The lateral patellar tilt, patellar displacement measurement and modified Insall-Salvati ratio were used for patella position evaluation on skyline radiographs. The Knee Society Score (KSS), the @entity626 Outcome Score (KOOS) and Numerical Rating Scales (NRS) for @entity158 and satisfaction were obtained at follow-up. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 in the study population experienced AKP. Incidence of AKP (fixed bearing 13/44; AP-glide bearing baring 3/17) was not dependent on type of insert (n.s.). There were no statistical differences in patella position and tibiofemoral contact point between the AKP group and the no AKP group (n.s.). KSS, KOOS, NRS- @entity158 and NRS-satisfaction were significantly lower for the @entity1 with AKP (all p  <  0.05). CONCLUSION: Twenty-six percentage of the @entity1 experienced AKP 10  years after balanced gap TKA. Postoperative patella positioning was not found to be a determinant for anterior knee @entity158 after TKA. However, patellar displacement does not seem completely favourable. Moreover, type of bearing was not found a determinant for AKP at long-term follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Lower quality prospective cohort study (<80  % follow-up, @entity1 enrolled at different time points in disease), Level II.

title: Patella position is not a determinant for anterior knee XXXX 10  years after balanced gap total knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['Knee Osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: @entity1204 is a common @entity5 of the genital tract. In the present study, we examined the expression of @entity1 @entity624 ( @entity624 ) protein, @entity5986 ( @entity5986 ), 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-desmolase (P45017alpha) and aromatase (P450 arom) in @entity1204 cells to clarify the ability of these cells to produce @entity134 hormones. The results of RT-PCR analysis showed that @entity624 , @entity5986 and P45017alpha genes were expressed in @entity1204 cells. To examine the protein expression of @entity624 and @entity5986 , we performed Western blotting using extracts from @entity189 cells. @entity624 protein and @entity5986 were detected in both HHUA and HOUA-1 cells. The production of @entity3333 in HHUA cells increased 2.4-fold with transfection of a @entity624 expression vector and 4.3-fold with transfection of an F2 side-chain cleavage system. The RT-PCR product of @entity1816 dehydrogenase was present in @entity1204 cells. In @entity1204 cells, the production of @entity1420 also increased with over-expression of @entity624 and the F2 system. Results of @entity134 metabolic assays showed that @entity1204 cells produced not only @entity4418 but also @entity2671 . @entity1204 cells express enzymes that are associated with the production of @entity134 hormones. Locally produced @entity134 hormones may have effects on @entity5 proliferation and tumorigenesis.

title: Expression of enzyme associated with XXXX hormone synthesis and local production of @entity134 hormone in @entity1204 cells.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'Endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity624 :: ('6770', 'Gene') :: ['steroidogenic acute regulatory', 'StAR']

entities_list: @entity5986 :: ('1583', 'Gene') :: ['P450 scc', 'P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3333 :: ('MESH:D011284', 'Chemical') :: ['pregnenolone']

entities_list: @entity1816 :: ('CHEBI:36836', 'Chemical') :: ['3beta-hydroxysteroid']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity4418 :: ('MESH:D019326', 'Chemical') :: ['17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: @entity1204 is a common @entity5 of the genital tract. In the present study, we examined the expression of @entity1 @entity624 ( @entity624 ) protein, @entity5986 ( @entity5986 ), 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-desmolase (P45017alpha) and aromatase (P450 arom) in @entity1204 cells to clarify the ability of these cells to produce @entity134 hormones. The results of RT-PCR analysis showed that @entity624 , @entity5986 and P45017alpha genes were expressed in @entity1204 cells. To examine the protein expression of @entity624 and @entity5986 , we performed Western blotting using extracts from @entity189 cells. @entity624 protein and @entity5986 were detected in both HHUA and HOUA-1 cells. The production of @entity3333 in HHUA cells increased 2.4-fold with transfection of a @entity624 expression vector and 4.3-fold with transfection of an F2 side-chain cleavage system. The RT-PCR product of @entity1816 dehydrogenase was present in @entity1204 cells. In @entity1204 cells, the production of @entity1420 also increased with over-expression of @entity624 and the F2 system. Results of @entity134 metabolic assays showed that @entity1204 cells produced not only @entity4418 but also @entity2671 . @entity1204 cells express enzymes that are associated with the production of @entity134 hormones. Locally produced @entity134 hormones may have effects on @entity5 proliferation and tumorigenesis.

title: Expression of enzyme associated with @entity134 hormone synthesis and local production of XXXX hormone in @entity1204 cells.

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: @entity1204 is a common @entity5 of the genital tract. In the present study, we examined the expression of @entity1 @entity624 ( @entity624 ) protein, @entity5986 ( @entity5986 ), 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-desmolase (P45017alpha) and aromatase (P450 arom) in @entity1204 cells to clarify the ability of these cells to produce @entity134 hormones. The results of RT-PCR analysis showed that @entity624 , @entity5986 and P45017alpha genes were expressed in @entity1204 cells. To examine the protein expression of @entity624 and @entity5986 , we performed Western blotting using extracts from @entity189 cells. @entity624 protein and @entity5986 were detected in both HHUA and HOUA-1 cells. The production of @entity3333 in HHUA cells increased 2.4-fold with transfection of a @entity624 expression vector and 4.3-fold with transfection of an F2 side-chain cleavage system. The RT-PCR product of @entity1816 dehydrogenase was present in @entity1204 cells. In @entity1204 cells, the production of @entity1420 also increased with over-expression of @entity624 and the F2 system. Results of @entity134 metabolic assays showed that @entity1204 cells produced not only @entity4418 but also @entity2671 . @entity1204 cells express enzymes that are associated with the production of @entity134 hormones. Locally produced @entity134 hormones may have effects on @entity5 proliferation and tumorigenesis.

title: Expression of enzyme associated with @entity134 hormone synthesis and local production of @entity134 hormone in XXXX cells.

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate intracameral injection of mydriatics in phacoemulsification @entity231 surgery and compare the results with those of conventional topical mydriatics. SETTING: Department of Clinical Science/Ophthalmology, Ume   University Hospital, Ume  , Sweden. METHODS: This prospective randomized double-blind study included 60 @entity1 who were given topical (topical group) or intracameral (intracameral group) mydriatics. The topical mydriatics comprised 3 drops of @entity14433 1% and @entity2647 10% given 15 minutes apart and 150 microL intracameral @entity3303 1% ( @entity3303 ) and the intracameral mydriatics, placebo eyedrops and 150 microL intracameral cyclopentolate 0.1%, @entity2647 1.5%, and @entity3303 1%. The pupil size was recorded preoperatively, throughout surgery, and 1 day and 1 month postoperatively. Preoperative and postoperative corneal endothelial morphology, corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, visual acuity, aqueous cells and flare, phacoemulsification energy, duration of surgery, pulse, blood pressure, and intraoperative sensation of @entity158 and glare were also recorded. RESULTS: With intracameral mydriatics, @entity5564 reached 95% +/- 3% (SD) of its final value within 20 seconds. In the intracameral group, the pupils were smaller than in the topical group (mean 6.7 +/- 1.0 mm versus 7.7 +/- 1.0 mm, P<.001) but did not contract intraoperatively. The pupils in the topical group tended to contract, and the difference between groups was significant (P =.0020). The intracameral group reported less glare during the procedure (P<.001). There was no difference in endothelial cell loss, inflammatory reaction, postoperative @entity4 , or surgical performance between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Intracameral mydriatics were a rapid, effective, and safe alternative to topical mydriatics in phacoemulsification. Their use can simplify preoperative routines and in certain high-risk groups, may reduce the risk for cardiovascular side effects.

title: Intracameral mydriatics in phacoemulsification XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['corneal swelling']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['Xylocaine', 'lidocaine hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity14433 :: ('MESH:D003519', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclopentolate']

entities_list: @entity5564 :: ('MESH:D015878', 'Disease') :: ['mydriasis']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although a considerable part of @entity1 desire further improvement in penile size after @entity2650 repairs, @entity546 is only considered in @entity1 with @entity546 or acquired penile retraction. Modified @entity546 by free dermal-fat graft is introduced to satisfy these @entity1 and improve surgical safety. METHODS: From April 2012 to December 2014, a total of 15 male adults after @entity2650 repairs, aged 18-24  years, underwent modified @entity546 which involved girth enhancement by a free dermal-fat graft and penile elongation (suprapubic skin advancement-ligamentolysis). A specially designed tunneling instrument was introduced to facilitate pericavernous thickening without degloving. Outcome evaluation was mainly based on objective penile measurements and results of the Male Genital Image Scale. RESULTS: With 6 months' follow-up, all @entity1 had achieved excellent cosmetic results, with a significant average dimensional increase of 1.53      0.23  cm in flaccid girth and 1.67      0.24  cm in flaccid length. No erection @entity9132 occurred. @entity1 ' perception of male genitalia improved postoperatively, with the average MGIS score rising from 31.73      4.86 to 40.20      4.54. CONCLUSIONS: This modified technique is safe and effective in enlarging penile size. The use of the specially designed tunneling instrument simplifies penile girth enhancement, avoiding unnecessary trauma to the neo-urethra and neurovascular bundle. It is confirmed that physical dimensional enhancement does contribute to improving their underestimation of penile size. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

title: Modified Penile Augmentation by Dermal-Fat Graft in Post- XXXX Adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9132 :: ('MESH:D014548', 'Disease') :: ['deficiencies or urinary fistula']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['congenital penile hypoplasia', 'penile augmentation']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['hypospadias']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['Hypospadias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the expression of @entity20688 ( @entity20688 ) in the serum and expression of @entity28477 ( @entity28477 ) in the articular cartilage cells of @entity95 with @entity626 ( @entity571 ). METHODS: Inner patellar ligament defect method was used to establish the model of knee @entity571 . Four weeks after the modeling, the arterial blood was drawn from the ear of each @entity95 , while ELISA was employed to detect the expression of @entity20688 in the serum. The chondrocytes were separated from animals in each group and then cultured in  vitro. All @entity95 were divided into control group, @entity571 model group and @entity571  +  LIPUS group. Cells in the control and @entity571 groups were not treated, while cells in the @entity571  +  LIPUS group were treated with LIPUS (40  mW/cm(2), 1 time/day). Cells were collected 7  d later and the RNA and total protein were extracted respectively. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were employed to analyze the expression of @entity28477 in chondrocytes at the mRNA and protein level, respectively. RESULTS: The success rate of establishment of @entity571 model was 83%. The results of ELISA showed that the content of @entity20688 in the serum of animals with @entity571 was 22.3%, lower than the one in the control group (P  <  0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the expression of @entity20688 in the @entity571 model group was significantly increased, while the expression of @entity28477 was significantly increased (P  <  0.05). After the stimulation of LIPUS, the expression of @entity20688 and @entity28477 was close to the one in the normal control group. CONCLUSIONS: The inner patellar ligament defect method is a mature method to establish the @entity95 @entity571 model, with high success rate. The expression of serum @entity20688 in the @entity571 model group is significantly decreased. LIPUS can up-regulate @entity20688 and down-regulate @entity28477 .

title: Effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound on expression of @entity20688 in serum and expression of @entity28477 in articular cartilage of @entity95 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity20688 :: ('100008689(Tax:9986)', 'Gene') :: ['TIMP-2', 'tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the expression of @entity20688 ( @entity20688 ) in the serum and expression of @entity28477 ( @entity28477 ) in the articular cartilage cells of @entity95 with @entity626 ( @entity571 ). METHODS: Inner patellar ligament defect method was used to establish the model of knee @entity571 . Four weeks after the modeling, the arterial blood was drawn from the ear of each @entity95 , while ELISA was employed to detect the expression of @entity20688 in the serum. The chondrocytes were separated from animals in each group and then cultured in  vitro. All @entity95 were divided into control group, @entity571 model group and @entity571  +  LIPUS group. Cells in the control and @entity571 groups were not treated, while cells in the @entity571  +  LIPUS group were treated with LIPUS (40  mW/cm(2), 1 time/day). Cells were collected 7  d later and the RNA and total protein were extracted respectively. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were employed to analyze the expression of @entity28477 in chondrocytes at the mRNA and protein level, respectively. RESULTS: The success rate of establishment of @entity571 model was 83%. The results of ELISA showed that the content of @entity20688 in the serum of animals with @entity571 was 22.3%, lower than the one in the control group (P  <  0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the expression of @entity20688 in the @entity571 model group was significantly increased, while the expression of @entity28477 was significantly increased (P  <  0.05). After the stimulation of LIPUS, the expression of @entity20688 and @entity28477 was close to the one in the normal control group. CONCLUSIONS: The inner patellar ligament defect method is a mature method to establish the @entity95 @entity571 model, with high success rate. The expression of serum @entity20688 in the @entity571 model group is significantly decreased. LIPUS can up-regulate @entity20688 and down-regulate @entity28477 .

title: Effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound on expression of @entity20688 in serum and expression of @entity28477 in articular cartilage of XXXX with @entity626 .

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the expression of @entity20688 ( @entity20688 ) in the serum and expression of @entity28477 ( @entity28477 ) in the articular cartilage cells of @entity95 with @entity626 ( @entity571 ). METHODS: Inner patellar ligament defect method was used to establish the model of knee @entity571 . Four weeks after the modeling, the arterial blood was drawn from the ear of each @entity95 , while ELISA was employed to detect the expression of @entity20688 in the serum. The chondrocytes were separated from animals in each group and then cultured in  vitro. All @entity95 were divided into control group, @entity571 model group and @entity571  +  LIPUS group. Cells in the control and @entity571 groups were not treated, while cells in the @entity571  +  LIPUS group were treated with LIPUS (40  mW/cm(2), 1 time/day). Cells were collected 7  d later and the RNA and total protein were extracted respectively. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were employed to analyze the expression of @entity28477 in chondrocytes at the mRNA and protein level, respectively. RESULTS: The success rate of establishment of @entity571 model was 83%. The results of ELISA showed that the content of @entity20688 in the serum of animals with @entity571 was 22.3%, lower than the one in the control group (P  <  0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the expression of @entity20688 in the @entity571 model group was significantly increased, while the expression of @entity28477 was significantly increased (P  <  0.05). After the stimulation of LIPUS, the expression of @entity20688 and @entity28477 was close to the one in the normal control group. CONCLUSIONS: The inner patellar ligament defect method is a mature method to establish the @entity95 @entity571 model, with high success rate. The expression of serum @entity20688 in the @entity571 model group is significantly decreased. LIPUS can up-regulate @entity20688 and down-regulate @entity28477 .

title: Effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound on expression of XXXX in serum and expression of @entity28477 in articular cartilage of @entity95 with @entity626 .

answer: @entity20688 :: (100008689(Tax:9986),Gene) :: ['TIMP-2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the expression of @entity20688 ( @entity20688 ) in the serum and expression of @entity28477 ( @entity28477 ) in the articular cartilage cells of @entity95 with @entity626 ( @entity571 ). METHODS: Inner patellar ligament defect method was used to establish the model of knee @entity571 . Four weeks after the modeling, the arterial blood was drawn from the ear of each @entity95 , while ELISA was employed to detect the expression of @entity20688 in the serum. The chondrocytes were separated from animals in each group and then cultured in  vitro. All @entity95 were divided into control group, @entity571 model group and @entity571  +  LIPUS group. Cells in the control and @entity571 groups were not treated, while cells in the @entity571  +  LIPUS group were treated with LIPUS (40  mW/cm(2), 1 time/day). Cells were collected 7  d later and the RNA and total protein were extracted respectively. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were employed to analyze the expression of @entity28477 in chondrocytes at the mRNA and protein level, respectively. RESULTS: The success rate of establishment of @entity571 model was 83%. The results of ELISA showed that the content of @entity20688 in the serum of animals with @entity571 was 22.3%, lower than the one in the control group (P  <  0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the expression of @entity20688 in the @entity571 model group was significantly increased, while the expression of @entity28477 was significantly increased (P  <  0.05). After the stimulation of LIPUS, the expression of @entity20688 and @entity28477 was close to the one in the normal control group. CONCLUSIONS: The inner patellar ligament defect method is a mature method to establish the @entity95 @entity571 model, with high success rate. The expression of serum @entity20688 in the @entity571 model group is significantly decreased. LIPUS can up-regulate @entity20688 and down-regulate @entity28477 .

title: Effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound on expression of @entity20688 in serum and expression of XXXX in articular cartilage of @entity95 with @entity626 .

answer: @entity28477 :: (100008685(Tax:9986),Gene) :: ['mmp-13']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Modified endoscopic procedures for @entity955 ( @entity955 ) have a greater success rate because of the increased number of linear lesions. Concerns have been raised about the impact of ablation scars on the left atrium. This study aimed to examine the impact of ablation on left atrial dimension and systolic function after modified endoscopic procedures with echocardiographic measurement. METHODS: Of 107 @entity1 undergoing modified endoscopic ablation, 58 had paroxysmal @entity955 and 49 had persistent or long-standing @entity955 . The procedure was performed on the beating heart through three ports on the left chest wall. Three circular and two linear lesions were made on the left atrium. The left atrial appendage was excised by stapler. Echocardiography was performed preoperatively and at the 2-year follow-up. RESULTS: Most @entity1 (86.9%) @entity1 were in sinus rhythm (SR) postoperatively. Fourteen @entity1 (5 with paroxysmal @entity955 and 9 with persistent/long-standing @entity955 ) failed to maintain SR. Echocardiographic data indicated that the left atrial diameter decreased only in the @entity1 with postoperative SR but continued to increase in @entity1 with fail SR maintenance. Left atrial function was also improved after the procedure, especially in @entity1 with preoperative nonparoxysmal @entity955 or with postoperative SR maintenance. Furthermore, left atrial function in @entity1 who failed to restore SR was not worsened even with left @entity955 . CONCLUSIONS: Modified endoscopic procedure for @entity955 improved post-procedural left atrial function of @entity1 with SR maintenance. The left atrial function of @entity1 with failed SR maintenance was also not worsened after left @entity955 .

title: Study on Left Atrial Dimension and Function After Modified Endoscopic Procedure for XXXX at Two Years' Follow-Up.

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF', 'atrial appendage excision']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: Scleral fibroblasts are involved in scleral remodeling during axial elongation in @entity1714 . Mechanical load is a potent stimulator of gene expression. This study seeks to identify changes in gene expression of scleral fibroblasts in response to mechanical load and speculate on possible mechanisms of scleral remodeling in the development of @entity1714 . @entity1 scleral fibroblasts (HSFs) were mechanically stretched for 30 min and 24 hr. A gene microarray analysis was used to measure changes in gene expression. A total of 237 genes revealed differential and significant changes in expression (P<0.01) after 30 min of stretching. Of these, 28 unexpressed genes began to be expressed (turned on), while 31 expressed genes were no longer expressed (turned off). After 24 hr, 308 genes showed reproducible changes in expression (P<0.01), while 29 genes were turned on and 17 genes were turned off. After 30 min, 25 genes showed at least a threefold change in expression. These included genes for cell receptors, protein kinases, cell growth/differentiation factors, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, transcription factors, binding proteins and water channels. After 24 hr, 21 genes showed at least a threefold change in expression. These included genes for cell receptors, protein kinases, cell growth/differentiation factors, lipid metabolism, ECM proteins, transcription factors, and @entity1735 metabolism. RT-PCR and Southern blotting confirmed the changes in expression of selected genes. In this study we identified a large number of early and late mechanical response genes in HSFs. These changes in gene expression will provide potential candidate genes that might be involved in scleral remodeling during axial elongation in @entity1714 .

title: Changes in gene expression in response to mechanical strain in XXXX scleral fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is evidence that acute myocardial infraction (aMI) occurs more frequently in certain seasons and months of the year. Recently various infectious agents have been implicated in atherogenesis. In the present study we recorded the seasonal distribution of aMI and evaluated its relation to @entity697 ( @entity697 ). METHODS: The study included 1196 @entity1 with aMI hospitalized during the years 1988-1998 in the General Hospital of the island of Rhodes and 2976 @entity1 with AI during the years 1993-1998. Foreigners or visitors in the island were excluded to avoid their influence in the annual distribution. We corrected the absolute number of the aMI and AI cases by month and season in such a way that all months and seasons would have standard 30 and 90 days, respectively. RESULTS: During the entire period of the study, more @entity1 with aMI were hospitalized in winter [30.7%, 95% confidence limits (CL) 28.1 to 33.3%]. In spring the percentage of aMI cases hospitalized was 24.5% (CL 22.1-27%), in summer 23.2% (CL 20.1-25.6%) and in autumn 21.6% (CL 19.2 -24%). There were 42.35% more cases hospitalized in winter than in autumn. The monthly distribution showed that March was the month with the most aMI cases (10.83%, CL 9.06-12.6% ) and October with the fewest (6%, @entity26941 .65-7.35%). The percentage of @entity1 with AI hospitalized in winter was 30.5% (CL 28.8-32.2%), in spring 25.2% (23.6-26.7), in summer 23.5% (CL 22-25%) and in autumn 20.8% (CL 19.4-22.3%). The correlation coefficient (r) between the distribution of aMI and AI was 0.73 (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that (1) there is a seasonal distribution in aMI with the winter being the season of the highest incidence of aMI and autumn of the lowest and (2) there is a significant correlation of the distribution of aMI to AI cases, which is of interest in the understanding of the pathogenesis of @entity1187 .

title: Seasonal distribution of acute myocardial infarction and its relation to XXXX in a mild climate.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['AIs', 'acute systemic infections']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Safety and efficacy of therapeutic agents used for @entity6950 -induced @entity882 are not established in pregnancy. METHODS: MEDLINE database was searched in November 2014 to identify all @entity1 who received therapy for HIT during pregnancy. RESULTS: A total of 12 @entity1 with the median age of 28 years (range 21-39) were diagnosed with HIT at the median gestational age of 20 weeks (range 5-34). Clinical probability (4T) score for HIT was high (50%) or intermediate (50%) and associated with @entity715 in 50%. @entity1 were initially managed with lepirudin (33%), @entity20806 (25%), danaparoid (25%) or fondaparinux (17%) and ultimately bridged to @entity2067 antagonist or maintained on lepirudin. All @entity1 had resolution of HIT. Complications included therapeutic abortion prior to valve replacement for valve @entity715 (8%), @entity3152 (18%) and @entity1468 (8%). Except for one instance of hypoplastic lung related to @entity3152 , none of the other newborns had any complications during delivery. CONCLUSION: Confirmed cases of HIT in pregnant @entity1 appear to be rare. Within the limits of retrospective analysis, the use of @entity20806 , danaparoid, fondaparinux and lepirudin may be effective in preventing the @entity715 complications of HIT in pregnancy. The effect of HIT or its therapy on @entity532 cannot be determined based on this study since many of the @entity532 are common in otherwise healthy pregnancies. Although this study did not identify any fetal teratogenicity except hypoplastic lung related to @entity3152 , small number of cases treated with various therapies precludes any definite conclusion.

title: Management and Outcome of XXXX -Induced @entity882 in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity20806 :: ('MESH:C031942', 'Chemical') :: ['argatroban']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['obstetrical complications']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity6950 :: (MESH:D006493,Chemical) :: ['Heparin']