abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity5823 (sCD30), @entity688 and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family ( @entity8410 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity1 with @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity7134 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity1 with @entity7134 - @entity19417 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity7134 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity688 and @entity8410 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity8410 were higher in @entity1 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity688 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity7134 -ANCA-positive @entity1 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity7134 -ANCA-negative @entity1 . ANCA-positive @entity1 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity1 with @entity19417 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble XXXX , @entity688 and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family during follow-up in @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity19417 :: ('MESH:D056648', 'Disease') :: ['ANCA-associated vasculitis']

answer: @entity5823 :: (943,Gene) :: ['CD30']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity5823 (sCD30), @entity688 and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family ( @entity8410 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity1 with @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity7134 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity1 with @entity7134 - @entity19417 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity7134 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity688 and @entity8410 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity8410 were higher in @entity1 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity688 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity7134 -ANCA-positive @entity1 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity7134 -ANCA-negative @entity1 . ANCA-positive @entity1 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity1 with @entity19417 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble @entity5823 , XXXX and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family during follow-up in @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

answer: @entity688 :: (3586,Gene) :: ['interleukin 10']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity5823 (sCD30), @entity688 and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family ( @entity8410 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity1 with @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity7134 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity1 with @entity7134 - @entity19417 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity7134 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity688 and @entity8410 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity8410 were higher in @entity1 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity688 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity7134 -ANCA-positive @entity1 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity7134 -ANCA-negative @entity1 . ANCA-positive @entity1 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity1 with @entity19417 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble @entity5823 , @entity688 and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family during follow-up in @entity1333 associated with XXXX -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

answer: @entity7134 :: (5657,Gene) :: ['proteinase 3']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity5823 (sCD30), @entity688 and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family ( @entity8410 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity1 with @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity7134 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity1 with @entity7134 - @entity19417 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity7134 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity688 and @entity8410 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity8410 were higher in @entity1 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity688 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity7134 -ANCA-positive @entity1 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity7134 -ANCA-negative @entity1 . ANCA-positive @entity1 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity1 with @entity19417 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble @entity5823 , @entity688 and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family during follow-up in XXXX associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

answer: @entity1333 :: (MESH:D014657,Disease) :: ['vasculitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity5823 (sCD30), @entity688 and B cell activator of the @entity5 necrosis factor family ( @entity8410 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity1 with @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity7134 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity1 with @entity7134 - @entity19417 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity7134 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity688 and @entity8410 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity8410 were higher in @entity1 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity688 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity7134 -ANCA-positive @entity1 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity7134 -ANCA-negative @entity1 . ANCA-positive @entity1 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity1 with @entity19417 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble @entity5823 , @entity688 and B cell activator of the XXXX necrosis factor family during follow-up in @entity1333 associated with @entity7134 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The publication of the 2009 American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons' (AAOS') guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis after joint replacement (arthroplasty) has renewed debate concerning appropriate prophylaxis for dental @entity1 . The authors examined an administrative data set to assess whether dental procedures were associated with @entity281 ( @entity281 ). METHODS: Using data for the years 1997 through 2006 from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS), the authors identified @entity1 who had undergone total joint arthroplasty and those who had experienced a @entity950 . They explored associations between dental procedures and subsequent @entity281 by using time-to-event analyses (N = 1,000). A nested case-control study included case @entity1 who had had @entity281 (n = 42) and matched control @entity1 who had had total arthroplasty but had no @entity281 (n = 126). The authors calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS: Control @entity1 ( @entity1 without @entity281 ) were more likely than were case @entity1 (those with @entity281 ) to have undergone an invasive dental procedure, though this trend was not statistically significant in either the time-to-event analysis (HR = 0.78; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 0.18-3.39) or the case-control analysis (OR = 0.56; 95 percent CI, 0.18-1.74). Only four of 42 case @entity1 had undergone an invasive dental procedure in the 90 days before the infection occurred. Consideration of all dental procedures yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS: Dental procedures were not associated significantly with subsequent risk for @entity281 , although this study's power was somewhat low. The clinical importance of prophylactic antibiotics in dentistry for @entity1 who have undergone joint arthroplasty, therefore, may be questioned. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: These results support the view that the 2009 AAOS Information Statement on antibiotic prophylaxis for @entity1 with @entity2720 should be reconsidered for @entity1 in that population who are receiving oral health care.

title: Dental procedures and subsequent XXXX : findings from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['prosthetic joint infections', 'PJIs']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['prosthetic joints']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['prosthetic joint infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There have been no reports concerning the correlation between @entity712 and @entity3361 . METHODS AND RESULTS: From January 2000 to December 2007, 201 @entity1 with @entity712 were hospitalized at our institution. We could perform coronary arteriography and @entity2473 provocation tests in 37 (22 @entity1 , 67  11 years) out of 201 @entity1 with @entity712 before discharge. @entity955 was observed in 13 @entity1 (35%). After controlling @entity712 and 24h cessation of vasoactive drugs, pharmacological @entity2473 provocation tests were performed. Positive @entity2473 was defined as >90%. @entity3361 was observed in 12 @entity1 (32%) and multiple @entity2473 was recognized in 10 (83%) out of 12 @entity1 . Though ejection fraction on admission was not different between the two groups (42  18% vs. 43  11%, ns), left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimension after medical therapy over 1 year was significantly smaller in @entity1 with positive @entity2473 than that in @entity1 with negative @entity2473 . There was no difference concerning medications except the administration of @entity1507 and @entity7976 between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3361 , especially multiple @entity2473 , may cause transient @entity712 in a small part of unknown origin @entity712 in Japan.

title: XXXX : multiple @entity2473 may cause transient @entity712 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity3361 :: ('MESH:D003329', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery spasm', 'coronary artery spasm', 'Coronary spasm']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity7976 :: ('MESH:D020108', 'Chemical') :: ['nicorandil']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Vasospastic heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There have been no reports concerning the correlation between @entity712 and @entity3361 . METHODS AND RESULTS: From January 2000 to December 2007, 201 @entity1 with @entity712 were hospitalized at our institution. We could perform coronary arteriography and @entity2473 provocation tests in 37 (22 @entity1 , 67  11 years) out of 201 @entity1 with @entity712 before discharge. @entity955 was observed in 13 @entity1 (35%). After controlling @entity712 and 24h cessation of vasoactive drugs, pharmacological @entity2473 provocation tests were performed. Positive @entity2473 was defined as >90%. @entity3361 was observed in 12 @entity1 (32%) and multiple @entity2473 was recognized in 10 (83%) out of 12 @entity1 . Though ejection fraction on admission was not different between the two groups (42  18% vs. 43  11%, ns), left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimension after medical therapy over 1 year was significantly smaller in @entity1 with positive @entity2473 than that in @entity1 with negative @entity2473 . There was no difference concerning medications except the administration of @entity1507 and @entity7976 between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3361 , especially multiple @entity2473 , may cause transient @entity712 in a small part of unknown origin @entity712 in Japan.

title: @entity712 : multiple @entity2473 may cause transient XXXX ?

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There have been no reports concerning the correlation between @entity712 and @entity3361 . METHODS AND RESULTS: From January 2000 to December 2007, 201 @entity1 with @entity712 were hospitalized at our institution. We could perform coronary arteriography and @entity2473 provocation tests in 37 (22 @entity1 , 67  11 years) out of 201 @entity1 with @entity712 before discharge. @entity955 was observed in 13 @entity1 (35%). After controlling @entity712 and 24h cessation of vasoactive drugs, pharmacological @entity2473 provocation tests were performed. Positive @entity2473 was defined as >90%. @entity3361 was observed in 12 @entity1 (32%) and multiple @entity2473 was recognized in 10 (83%) out of 12 @entity1 . Though ejection fraction on admission was not different between the two groups (42  18% vs. 43  11%, ns), left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimension after medical therapy over 1 year was significantly smaller in @entity1 with positive @entity2473 than that in @entity1 with negative @entity2473 . There was no difference concerning medications except the administration of @entity1507 and @entity7976 between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3361 , especially multiple @entity2473 , may cause transient @entity712 in a small part of unknown origin @entity712 in Japan.

title: @entity712 : multiple XXXX may cause transient @entity712 ?

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['spasm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity417 is associated with higher morbidity and mortality in @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ), but its implications for heath care costs are not well described. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed data on 1056 @entity1 with symptomatic @entity712 seen at Duke University between 2002 and 2006. Health care costs were obtained from the hospital cost accounting data system. Adjustments for censoring and covariate imbalance were performed using inverse probability weighted estimators and propensity scores. The prevalence of @entity417 was 32%. Unadjusted mortality at 3 years was 50.3% in anemic versus 26.5% in non-anemic @entity1 . The adjusted costs per year alive were  22,926 for @entity1 with @entity417 and  17,189 for those without (P=.04). For those with ejection fraction <or=40% adjusted costs per year alive were  32,914 for anemic versus  18,423 for non-anemic @entity1 (P=.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity417 in @entity712 @entity1 was independently associated with greater total costs after accounting for differences in survival, but appeared to be confined primarily to @entity1 with low ejection fraction. These results provide a framework for understanding the economic implications of therapies for @entity417 in @entity712 , and suggest that targeting @entity1 with impaired systolic function has the potential to most favorably affect costs.

title: Relationship between @entity417 and health care costs in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia', 'anemia']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity417 is associated with higher morbidity and mortality in @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ), but its implications for heath care costs are not well described. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed data on 1056 @entity1 with symptomatic @entity712 seen at Duke University between 2002 and 2006. Health care costs were obtained from the hospital cost accounting data system. Adjustments for censoring and covariate imbalance were performed using inverse probability weighted estimators and propensity scores. The prevalence of @entity417 was 32%. Unadjusted mortality at 3 years was 50.3% in anemic versus 26.5% in non-anemic @entity1 . The adjusted costs per year alive were  22,926 for @entity1 with @entity417 and  17,189 for those without (P=.04). For those with ejection fraction <or=40% adjusted costs per year alive were  32,914 for anemic versus  18,423 for non-anemic @entity1 (P=.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity417 in @entity712 @entity1 was independently associated with greater total costs after accounting for differences in survival, but appeared to be confined primarily to @entity1 with low ejection fraction. These results provide a framework for understanding the economic implications of therapies for @entity417 in @entity712 , and suggest that targeting @entity1 with impaired systolic function has the potential to most favorably affect costs.

title: Relationship between XXXX and health care costs in @entity712 .

answer: @entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['anemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Unawareness of impairment ( @entity1054 ) is a phenomenon associated with right hemisphere lesions. Unawareness of emotion has rarely been studied. METHODS: @entity1 (N = 50) with @entity308 were administered the Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Alexithymia Scale to assess impairment in identifying feelings (F1), describing feelings (F2), and externally oriented thinking (F3). After eight weeks of treatment with @entity3756 or @entity905 , @entity1 were reassessed. RESULTS: Alexithymia was significantly associated with right hemisphere lesions. @entity1 with alexithymia had a significant improvement in identifying and describing feelings, but not in externally oriented thinking. In addition, cognitive functions improved after antidepressant treatment in @entity1 without alexithymia with left lesions only. On the contrary, functional activities of daily living and depressive symptoms improved both in @entity1 with alexithymia and those without alexithymia. CONCLUSIONS: The unawareness of emotions is a common impairment after right hemisphere @entity64 . This disorder may be significantly improved by antidepressant treatment.

title: Response of emotional unawareness after XXXX to antidepressant treatment.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['poststroke major depression']

entities_list: @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['sertraline']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['anosognosia']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: Automutilistic behaviour is frequently correlated with @entity1314 and should be differentiated from suicidal behaviour during acute episodes of @entity1316 . The aim of the study was to investigate psychotherapeutically and psychodynamically significant personality traits and affect regulation. The dimensions "relationship", "conflict" and "structure" were examined by means of Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics. SAMPLE: 20 female @entity1 with @entity308 and automutilistic behaviour and 20 age-matched female subjects with a similar educational background, suffering from @entity308 without automutilistic behaviour. RESULTS The female @entity1 with @entity308 and automutilistic behaviour could be differentiated from the control group in all categories in the OPD dimension "structure". They showed an "isolated" and "disclosed" self-image. This negative self-perception corresponded with a negative countertransference. There were no differences between the @entity1 with automutilistic behaviour and the control group regarding the OPD dimension "conflict". Low and moderate levels of integration were prominently correlated with the autonomy-dependence conflict. CONCLUSION The results underline the significance of aspects of personality structure in automutilistic behaviour seen in female @entity1 with @entity308 . Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics can reveal therapeutically relevant personality dimensions for empirical research.

title: [Automutilistic behaviour in female @entity1 with XXXX : investigation of personality structure and affect regulation by means of Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics (OPD)].

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['personality disorders']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorders']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity1316 :: (MESH:D019964,Disease) :: ['affective disorders']


abstract: Automutilistic behaviour is frequently correlated with @entity1314 and should be differentiated from suicidal behaviour during acute episodes of @entity1316 . The aim of the study was to investigate psychotherapeutically and psychodynamically significant personality traits and affect regulation. The dimensions "relationship", "conflict" and "structure" were examined by means of Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics. SAMPLE: 20 female @entity1 with @entity308 and automutilistic behaviour and 20 age-matched female subjects with a similar educational background, suffering from @entity308 without automutilistic behaviour. RESULTS The female @entity1 with @entity308 and automutilistic behaviour could be differentiated from the control group in all categories in the OPD dimension "structure". They showed an "isolated" and "disclosed" self-image. This negative self-perception corresponded with a negative countertransference. There were no differences between the @entity1 with automutilistic behaviour and the control group regarding the OPD dimension "conflict". Low and moderate levels of integration were prominently correlated with the autonomy-dependence conflict. CONCLUSION The results underline the significance of aspects of personality structure in automutilistic behaviour seen in female @entity1 with @entity308 . Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics can reveal therapeutically relevant personality dimensions for empirical research.

title: [Automutilistic behaviour in female XXXX with @entity1316 : investigation of personality structure and affect regulation by means of Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics (OPD)].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity195 is the most common progressive @entity179 . In recent years, numerous progresses in the discovery of novel @entity195 molecular biomarkers in brain as well as in biological fluids have been made. Among them, those involving lipid metabolism are emerging as potential candidates. In particular, an accumulation of neutral lipids was recently found by us in skin fibroblasts from @entity195 @entity1 . Therefore, with the aim to assess whether peripheral alterations in @entity165 homeostasis might be relevant in @entity195 development and progression, in the present study we analyzed lipid metabolism in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from @entity195 @entity1 and from their first-degree relatives. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 93 @entity1 with probable @entity195 and from 91 of their first-degree relatives. As controls we utilized 57, cognitively normal, over-65 year-old volunteers and 113 blood donors aged 21-66 years, respectively. Data are reported as mean +/- standard error. Statistical calculations were performed using the statistical analysis software Origin 8.0 version. Data analysis was done using the Student t-test and the Pearson test. RESULTS: Data reported here show high neutral lipid levels and increased @entity21279 protein in about 85% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells freshly isolated (ex vivo) from @entity1 with probable sporadic @entity195 compared to about 7% of cognitively normal age-matched controls. A significant reduction in high density lipoprotein- @entity165 levels in plasma from @entity195 was also observed. Additionally, correlation analyses reveal a negative correlation between high density lipoprotein- @entity165 and cognitive capacity, as determined by Mini Mental State Examination, as well as between high density lipoprotein- @entity165 and neutral lipid accumulation. We observed great variability in the neutral lipid-peripheral blood mononuclear cells data and in plasma lipid analysis of the subjects enrolled as @entity195 -first-degree relatives. However, about 30% of them tend to display a peripheral metabolic @entity165 pattern similar to that exhibited by @entity195 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: We suggest that neutral lipid-peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma high density lipoprotein- @entity165 determinations might be of interest to outline a distinctive metabolic profile applying to both @entity195 @entity1 and asymptomatic subjects at higher risk of disease.

title: Accumulation of neutral lipids in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a distinctive trait of Alzheimer XXXX and asymptomatic subjects at risk of disease.

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease blood samples", "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity741 and @entity712 are associated with an @entity393 due to apoptosis. Whether cardiomyocyte apoptosis plays a causal role in the pathogenesis of @entity712 remains enigmatic. The apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain ( @entity16888 ) is a recently discovered antiapoptotic factor with a highly specific expression pattern in striated muscle and neurons. @entity16888 is a master regulator of @entity204 signaling because it is the only known factor that specifically inhibits both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic death pathway. In this study we attempted to elucidate the physiological role of @entity16888 and to understand pathophysiological consequences resulting from its deletion. METHODS AND RESULTS: We generated @entity16888 @entity19 , which developed normally to adulthood and had no abnormality in cardiac morphology and function under resting conditions. On biomechanical stress induced by aortic banding, @entity16888 @entity19 developed accelerated @entity296 compared with littermate controls, which was characterized by reduced contractile function, @entity299 , and @entity296 . Likewise, @entity63 /reperfusion injury of @entity16888 @entity19 resulted in markedly increased @entity583 sizes. Although in both instances a significant increase in apoptotic cardiomyocytes could be observed in @entity16888 @entity19 , neither in vitro nor in vivo studies revealed any effect of @entity16888 on classic @entity1184 cardiomyocyte growth responses. The pathophysiological relevance of downregulated @entity16888 levels was underscored by specimens from failing @entity1 hearts showing markedly reduced @entity16888 protein levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our study identifies a tissue-specific antiapoptotic factor that is downregulated in @entity1 failing myocardium and that is required for cardioprotection in pressure overload and @entity63 .

title: Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain is required for cardioprotection in response to biomechanical and XXXX stress.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy', 'myocardial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity16888 :: ('MESH:D000386', 'Disease') :: ['ARC', 'ARC-deficient']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac enlargement']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarct']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['increased loss of cardiomyocytes']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, the concept of the @entity209 ( @entity209 ) has emerged in an effort to group and study as a whole several cardiovascular risk factors. The @entity209 requires the presence of 3 or more of the following parameters: high blood pressure (>/= 130/85), waist circumference >102 cm in @entity1 and >88 cm in @entity1 , HDL<50 mg/dL in @entity1 and <40 mg/dL in women, serum @entity1674 >150 mg/dL and fasting blood @entity413 >/= 110 mg/dL. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of the @entity209 and the specific @entity1 characteristics in a cohort of hemodialysis @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 102 stable @entity1 on maintenance hemodialysis (63 male/39 female with a mean time on dialysis of 57.19 +/- 47.16 months) were studied for 12 months. RESULTS: The prevalence of the @entity209 is high (56.25%) during the first year on dialysis and gradually declines (44.8% from 2-5 years and 29.7% for >5 years). In total 41/102 @entity1 had @entity209 (40.19%); 28/41 were @entity1 (68.29%) and 13/41 @entity1 (31.7%). The prevalence of @entity209 in males was 44.4% (28/63) and 33.3% (13/39) in females, while the most frequent combination of risk factors in @entity209 @entity1 was high blood pressure-high waist circumference-high levels of serum @entity1674 (36.58%). Serum @entity1674 >150 mg/dL is the most frequent component of the @entity209 both in well-nourished @entity1 and according to the duration of dialysis (58.53% for 0-5 years and 19.51% for >5 years on dialysis). @entity209 @entity1 had a better nutritional status and were on dialysis for less time than their @entity209 ( @entity209 ) counterparts. Actual or anamnestic cardiovascular events and @entity281 did not differ between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides new data concerning the prevalence of the @entity209 and the specific @entity1 characteristics in a hemodialysis population. The prevalence of @entity209 in hemodialysis @entity1 is high (40.19%) and seems to reflect a state of good nutrition compared to @entity1 without the @entity209 . Furthermore, the @entity209 is more common in the first years of dialysis (42.46+/-34.29 months) than later on (67.25+/-52.15 months) probably reflecting the long term consequences of the hemodialysis treatment. Our results also indicate that although @entity1 in the @entity209 group were well-nourished and for a shorter time on dialysis, they were not protected from @entity65 and @entity281 . Our study provides new data concerning both the prevalence of the @entity209 and a variety of @entity1 characteristics in a hemodialysis population. Further research and a larger number of @entity1 are required in order to clarify the precise role of this syndrome in @entity1 on MHD.

title: Prevalence of the XXXX in hemodialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'non-MS', 'definition of the metabolic syndrome', 'metabolic syndrome', 'NMS']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic syndrome']


abstract: The ability of brewing @entity375 to flocculate is an important feature for brewing of qualitatively good beer. Flocculation involves two main cell wall structures, which are the flocculation proteins (flocculins) and mannans, to which these flocculins bind. Unfortunately, in practice, the flocculation ability may get lost after several repitches. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze @entity413 and @entity3913 structures of the cell surface by application of fluorescent lectins. Validation of the expression of the flocculin genes Lg- @entity56300 , @entity56300 , @entity70845 , and @entity70846 was carried out using microarray techniques. SDS-PAGE, western blot, and ESI-MS/MS analyses served to isolate and determine @entity375 cell flocculins. @entity3913 and @entity413 labeling with fluorescent lectins allowed differentiating powdery and flocculent @entity375 cells under laboratory conditions. Using microarray techniques and proteomics, the four flocculation genes Lg- @entity56300 , @entity56300 , @entity70845 , @entity70846 , and the protein Lg- @entity56300 were identified as factors of major importance for flocculation. The expression of the genes was several times higher in flocculent @entity375 cells than in powdery ones. Flow cytometry is a fast and simple method to quantify the proportions of powdery and flocculent @entity375 cells in suspensions under defined cultivation conditions. However, differentiation under industrial conditions will require mRNA and protein expression profiling.

title: Prediction of flocculation ability of brewing XXXX inoculates by flow cytometry, proteome analysis, and mRNA profiling.

entities_list: @entity3913 :: ('MESH:D008358', 'Chemical') :: ['mannose', 'Mannose']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: This report reviews the methods and goals of treatment of @entity674 ( @entity674 ), the most common @entity361 of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs express @entity2467 , which serves as an immunohistochemical diagnostic marker. Surgical excision is the definitive treatment for all primary GISTs greater than 2 cm without evidence of peritoneal seeding or @entity3 . Preoperative or intraoperative biopsy is not indicated except when the differential diagnosis includes another type of @entity5 . Resection may be performed by traditional open surgery or by laparoscopic or laparoscopy-assisted procedures. Regardless of the approach, oncological precautions must be strictly observed. @entity5 disruption is to be avoided at all costs; @entity5 enucleation leaves a @entity5 -seeded pseudocapsule behind and is considered insufficient. Because GISTs rarely metastasize through the lymphatics, routine lymphadenectomy is not indicated. The importance of achieving negative microscopic margins is controversial, although @entity1 who undergo incomplete microscopic resection may be at greater risk of locoregional recurrence. Other factors, such as @entity5 grade and size, may play a more significant role in predicting recurrence. Cases of advanced disease or involvement of adjacent structures should be evaluated on an individual basis by a multidisciplinary team.

title: Surgical management of XXXX : analysis of outcome with respect to surgical margins and technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal tumor']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumor', 'GIST']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3814 ( @entity3814 ) are a growing public health problem with important socio-economic effects in western countries. In the USA, 10 million @entity1 over 50 suffer from @entity170 . In these @entity1 , 1.5 million annual @entity174 have been registered, and 50% of these are vertebral compression. SOURCES OF DATA: We performed a comprehensive search of PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, CINAHL and Embase databases using various combinations of the keywords ' @entity170 ', ' @entity3814 ', 'brace', 'bracing', 'orthosis', 'conservative management' and 'rehabilitation' over the years 1966-2011. All articles relevant to the subject were retrieved, and their bibliographies were hand searched for further references in the context of conservative management of @entity3604 . AREAS OF AGREEMENT: Conservative management for @entity1 with @entity3604 includes bed rest, @entity158 medication, physiotherapy and bracing. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY: A conservative management for @entity1 with @entity3814 s has not been standardized. The utility of vertebral augmentation techniques has been questioned by recent randomized controlled trials. GROWING POINTS: Randomized controlled trials are being performed worldwide on vertebral augmentation techniques. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH: Although spinal orthoses are commonly used for the management of @entity1 with @entity3604 , in the literature there is only one randomized controlled trial on bracing for this condition. While the best conservative management for subjects with @entity3814 s is not defined and standardized, no conclusions on the superiority of vertebral augmentation techniques over conservative management can be drawn.

title: XXXX : current concepts of conservative care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic vertebral fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['VCFs', 'vertebral compression fractures', 'Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures', 'osteoporotic VCFs']

answer: @entity3604 :: (MESH:D058866,Disease) :: ['Osteoporotic vertebral fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: We previously identified in a single-center study a 76-gene prognostic signature for lymph node-negative (LNN) @entity0 @entity1 . The aim of this study was to validate this gene signature in an independent more diverse population of LNN @entity1 from multiple institutions. @entity1 AND METHODS: Using custom-designed DNA chips we analyzed the expression of the 76 genes in RNA of frozen @entity5 samples from 180 LNN @entity1 who did not receive adjuvant systemic treatment. RESULTS: In this independent validation, the 76-gene signature was highly informative in identifying @entity1 with distant @entity3 within 5 years (hazard ratio, [HR], 7.41; 95% CI, 2.63 to 20.9), even when corrected for traditional prognostic factors in multivariate analysis (HR, 11.36; 95% CI, 2.67 to 48.4). The actuarial 5- and 10-year distant @entity3 -free survival were 96% (95% CI, 89% to 99%) and 94% (95% CI, 83% to 98%), respectively, for the good profile group and 74% (95% CI, 64% to 81%) and 65% (53% to 74%), respectively for the poor profile group. The sensitivity for 5-yr distant @entity3 -free survival was 90%, and the specificity was 50%. The positive and negative predictive values were 38% (95% CI, 29% to 47%) and 94% (95% CI, 86% to 97%), respectively. The 76-gene signature was confirmed as a strong prognostic factor in subgroups of @entity172 receptor-positive @entity1 , pre- and postmenopausal @entity1 , and @entity1 with @entity5 sizes 20 mm or smaller. The subgroup of @entity1 with @entity172 receptor-negative @entity5 was considered too small to perform a separate analysis. CONCLUSION: Our data provide a strong methodologic and clinical multicenter validation of the predefined prognostic 76-gene signature in LNN @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Multicenter validation of a gene expression-based prognostic signature in lymph node-negative primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Despite the progress that has been achieved, long-term survival rates in @entity1 with advanced @entity43 are still disappointing. One attempt to improve results could be the addition of non-cross-resistant drugs to @entity902 - @entity1311 combination regimens. Anthracyclines were among the candidates for incorporation as a third drug into first-line regimens. @entity1 AND METHODS: We performed a prospectively randomized phase III study comparing @entity3003 - @entity1311 (TC; area under the curve 5/175 mg/m2, respectively) with @entity1259 60 mg/m2 added to @entity18274 ( @entity18274 ) in previously untreated @entity1 with @entity43 . All drugs were administered intravenously on day 1 of a 3-week schedule for a planned minimum of six courses. RESULTS: Between November 1997 and February 2000, 1,282 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either TC (635 @entity1 ) or @entity18274 (647 @entity1 ), respectively. Grade 3/4 hematologic and some nonhematologic @entity137 ( @entity390 /emesis, @entity33 , and @entity281 ) occurred significantly more frequently in the @entity18274 arm. Accordingly, quality-of-life analysis showed inferiority of @entity18274 versus TC. Median progression-free survival time was 18.4 months for the @entity18274 arm and 17.9 months for the TC arm (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.07; P = .3342). Median overall survival time was 45.8 months for the @entity18274 arm and 41.0 months for the TC arm (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.08; P = .3652). Similar nonsignificant differences were observed when strata were analyzed separately. CONCLUSION: Addition of @entity1259 to TC did not improve survival or time to treatment failure in @entity1 with @entity43 ; therefore, it cannot be recommended for clinical use in this population.

title: Addition of XXXX as a third drug to @entity3003 - @entity1311 in first-line treatment of advanced @entity43 : a prospectively randomized gynecologic cancer intergroup trial by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynaekologische Onkologie @entity43 Study Group and the Groupe d'Investigateurs Nationaux pour l'Etude des Cancers Ovariens.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['advanced epithelial ovarian cancer', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity18274 :: ('MESH:D009100', 'Disease') :: ['TEC', 'the same combination']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity1259 :: (MESH:D015251,Chemical) :: ['epirubicin']


abstract: PURPOSE: Despite the progress that has been achieved, long-term survival rates in @entity1 with advanced @entity43 are still disappointing. One attempt to improve results could be the addition of non-cross-resistant drugs to @entity902 - @entity1311 combination regimens. Anthracyclines were among the candidates for incorporation as a third drug into first-line regimens. @entity1 AND METHODS: We performed a prospectively randomized phase III study comparing @entity3003 - @entity1311 (TC; area under the curve 5/175 mg/m2, respectively) with @entity1259 60 mg/m2 added to @entity18274 ( @entity18274 ) in previously untreated @entity1 with @entity43 . All drugs were administered intravenously on day 1 of a 3-week schedule for a planned minimum of six courses. RESULTS: Between November 1997 and February 2000, 1,282 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either TC (635 @entity1 ) or @entity18274 (647 @entity1 ), respectively. Grade 3/4 hematologic and some nonhematologic @entity137 ( @entity390 /emesis, @entity33 , and @entity281 ) occurred significantly more frequently in the @entity18274 arm. Accordingly, quality-of-life analysis showed inferiority of @entity18274 versus TC. Median progression-free survival time was 18.4 months for the @entity18274 arm and 17.9 months for the TC arm (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.07; P = .3342). Median overall survival time was 45.8 months for the @entity18274 arm and 41.0 months for the TC arm (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.08; P = .3652). Similar nonsignificant differences were observed when strata were analyzed separately. CONCLUSION: Addition of @entity1259 to TC did not improve survival or time to treatment failure in @entity1 with @entity43 ; therefore, it cannot be recommended for clinical use in this population.

title: Addition of @entity1259 as a third drug to XXXX - @entity1311 in first-line treatment of advanced @entity43 : a prospectively randomized gynecologic cancer intergroup trial by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynaekologische Onkologie @entity43 Study Group and the Groupe d'Investigateurs Nationaux pour l'Etude des Cancers Ovariens.

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: PURPOSE: Despite the progress that has been achieved, long-term survival rates in @entity1 with advanced @entity43 are still disappointing. One attempt to improve results could be the addition of non-cross-resistant drugs to @entity902 - @entity1311 combination regimens. Anthracyclines were among the candidates for incorporation as a third drug into first-line regimens. @entity1 AND METHODS: We performed a prospectively randomized phase III study comparing @entity3003 - @entity1311 (TC; area under the curve 5/175 mg/m2, respectively) with @entity1259 60 mg/m2 added to @entity18274 ( @entity18274 ) in previously untreated @entity1 with @entity43 . All drugs were administered intravenously on day 1 of a 3-week schedule for a planned minimum of six courses. RESULTS: Between November 1997 and February 2000, 1,282 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either TC (635 @entity1 ) or @entity18274 (647 @entity1 ), respectively. Grade 3/4 hematologic and some nonhematologic @entity137 ( @entity390 /emesis, @entity33 , and @entity281 ) occurred significantly more frequently in the @entity18274 arm. Accordingly, quality-of-life analysis showed inferiority of @entity18274 versus TC. Median progression-free survival time was 18.4 months for the @entity18274 arm and 17.9 months for the TC arm (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.07; P = .3342). Median overall survival time was 45.8 months for the @entity18274 arm and 41.0 months for the TC arm (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.08; P = .3652). Similar nonsignificant differences were observed when strata were analyzed separately. CONCLUSION: Addition of @entity1259 to TC did not improve survival or time to treatment failure in @entity1 with @entity43 ; therefore, it cannot be recommended for clinical use in this population.

title: Addition of @entity1259 as a third drug to @entity3003 - @entity1311 in first-line treatment of advanced XXXX : a prospectively randomized gynecologic cancer intergroup trial by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynaekologische Onkologie @entity43 Study Group and the Groupe d'Investigateurs Nationaux pour l'Etude des Cancers Ovariens.

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Despite the progress that has been achieved, long-term survival rates in @entity1 with advanced @entity43 are still disappointing. One attempt to improve results could be the addition of non-cross-resistant drugs to @entity902 - @entity1311 combination regimens. Anthracyclines were among the candidates for incorporation as a third drug into first-line regimens. @entity1 AND METHODS: We performed a prospectively randomized phase III study comparing @entity3003 - @entity1311 (TC; area under the curve 5/175 mg/m2, respectively) with @entity1259 60 mg/m2 added to @entity18274 ( @entity18274 ) in previously untreated @entity1 with @entity43 . All drugs were administered intravenously on day 1 of a 3-week schedule for a planned minimum of six courses. RESULTS: Between November 1997 and February 2000, 1,282 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either TC (635 @entity1 ) or @entity18274 (647 @entity1 ), respectively. Grade 3/4 hematologic and some nonhematologic @entity137 ( @entity390 /emesis, @entity33 , and @entity281 ) occurred significantly more frequently in the @entity18274 arm. Accordingly, quality-of-life analysis showed inferiority of @entity18274 versus TC. Median progression-free survival time was 18.4 months for the @entity18274 arm and 17.9 months for the TC arm (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.07; P = .3342). Median overall survival time was 45.8 months for the @entity18274 arm and 41.0 months for the TC arm (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.08; P = .3652). Similar nonsignificant differences were observed when strata were analyzed separately. CONCLUSION: Addition of @entity1259 to TC did not improve survival or time to treatment failure in @entity1 with @entity43 ; therefore, it cannot be recommended for clinical use in this population.

title: Addition of @entity1259 as a third drug to @entity3003 - @entity1311 in first-line treatment of advanced @entity43 : a prospectively randomized gynecologic cancer intergroup trial by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynaekologische Onkologie XXXX Study Group and the Groupe d'Investigateurs Nationaux pour l'Etude des Cancers Ovariens.

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Despite the progress that has been achieved, long-term survival rates in @entity1 with advanced @entity43 are still disappointing. One attempt to improve results could be the addition of non-cross-resistant drugs to @entity902 - @entity1311 combination regimens. Anthracyclines were among the candidates for incorporation as a third drug into first-line regimens. @entity1 AND METHODS: We performed a prospectively randomized phase III study comparing @entity3003 - @entity1311 (TC; area under the curve 5/175 mg/m2, respectively) with @entity1259 60 mg/m2 added to @entity18274 ( @entity18274 ) in previously untreated @entity1 with @entity43 . All drugs were administered intravenously on day 1 of a 3-week schedule for a planned minimum of six courses. RESULTS: Between November 1997 and February 2000, 1,282 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either TC (635 @entity1 ) or @entity18274 (647 @entity1 ), respectively. Grade 3/4 hematologic and some nonhematologic @entity137 ( @entity390 /emesis, @entity33 , and @entity281 ) occurred significantly more frequently in the @entity18274 arm. Accordingly, quality-of-life analysis showed inferiority of @entity18274 versus TC. Median progression-free survival time was 18.4 months for the @entity18274 arm and 17.9 months for the TC arm (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.07; P = .3342). Median overall survival time was 45.8 months for the @entity18274 arm and 41.0 months for the TC arm (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.08; P = .3652). Similar nonsignificant differences were observed when strata were analyzed separately. CONCLUSION: Addition of @entity1259 to TC did not improve survival or time to treatment failure in @entity1 with @entity43 ; therefore, it cannot be recommended for clinical use in this population.

title: Addition of @entity1259 as a third drug to @entity3003 - XXXX in first-line treatment of advanced @entity43 : a prospectively randomized gynecologic cancer intergroup trial by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynaekologische Onkologie @entity43 Study Group and the Groupe d'Investigateurs Nationaux pour l'Etude des Cancers Ovariens.

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: @entity120 of the newborn is defined as the failure of the normal circulatory transition that occurs after birth. It is a syndrome characterized by marked @entity120 that causes @entity519 and right-to-left extra-pulmonary shunting of blood. In the treatment of @entity120 of the newborn, the goal is to increase @entity26 flow to the baby's organs to prevent serious health problems. Treatment may include medication, mechanical ventilation and respiratory therapy. We performed a retrospective, descriptive and transversal study to investigate the prevalence and treatment of @entity4837 @entity1 with @entity120 who were admitted at the Hospital del Ni  o @entity310 from 2004 to 2008. Data, collected from hospital charts, included demographic, clinical course and use of medication. A total of 38 @entity1 were included (prevalence of 5.7%). The average age of @entity1 was 8.4 +/- 1.4 days. The mortality rate was 42.1%. Data were collected and 45 different drugs were given to the pediatric @entity1 . The median number of drugs/inpatient was 8.3 (1-18). The therapeutic class most prescribed was anti-infective (29.9% of all the prescriptions), followed by cardiovascular and renal drugs (26.4% of all the prescriptions) and gastrointestinal agents (14.6% of all the prescriptions). @entity5616 was the drug most commonly used, followed by @entity869 and @entity1363 . We found a high mortality rate and as in many studies, the therapeutic class most used were anti-infectives.

title: Prevalence and treatment of XXXX in the newborn in a Mexican pediatric hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'Persistent pulmonary hypertension', 'persistent pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['Ranitidine']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['persistent pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ) in @entity1 ventilated in intensive care by means of circuits humidified with a hygroscopic heat-and-moisture exchanger with a bacterial viral filter (HME) or hot-water humidification with a heater wire in both inspiratory and expiratory circuit limbs (DHW) or the inspiratory limb only (SHW). DESIGN: A prospective, randomized trial. SETTING: A metropolitan teaching hospital's general intensive care unit. @entity1 : Three hundred eighty-one @entity1 requiring a minimum period of mechanical ventilation of 48 hrs. INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 were randomized to humidification with use of an HME (n=190), SHW (n=94), or DHW (n=97). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Study end points were @entity2489 diagnosed on the basis of @entity358 Score (CPIS) (), HME resistance after 24 hrs of use, endotracheal tube resistance, and HME use per @entity1 . @entity2489 occurred with similar frequency in all groups (13%, HME; 14%, DHW; 10%, SHW; p=0.61) and was predicted only by current smoking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-3.9; p=.03) and ventilation days (AOR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.0-1.2; p=.001); @entity2489 was less likely for @entity1 with an admission diagnosis of @entity55 (AOR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.4-0.2; p=.04). HME resistance after 24 hrs of use measured at a gas flow of 50 L/min was 0.9 cm @entity2507 (0.4-2.9). Endotracheal tube resistance was similar for all three groups (16-19 cm @entity2507 min/L; p=.2), as were suction frequency, secretion thickness, and blood on suctioning (p=.32, p=.06, and p=.34, respectively). The HME use per @entity1 per day was 1.13. CONCLUSIONS: Humidification technique does not influence either @entity2489 incidence or secretion characteristics, but HMEs may have air-flow resistance higher than manufacturer specifications after 24 hrs of use.

title: Double-heater-wire circuits and heat-and-moisture exchangers and the risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['ventilator-associated pneumonia', 'VAP']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Clinical Pulmonary Infection']

answer: @entity2489 :: (MESH:D053717,Disease) :: ['ventilator-associated pneumonia']


abstract: The cestodes constitute important but understudied @entity1 and veterinary parasites. Their surfaces are rich in @entity3363 , on which very little structural information is available. The tissue-dwelling larva (hydatid cyst) of the cestode @entity12047 is outwardly protected by a massive layer of @entity1735 -rich extracellular matrix, termed the laminated layer. The @entity9928 composition of this layer suggests that its major @entity1735 components are exclusively mucin-type O-glycans. We have purified these glycans after their release from the crude laminated layer and obtained by MS and NMR the complete structure of 10 of the most abundant components. The structures, between two and six residues in length, encompass a limited number of biosynthetic motifs. The mucin cores 1 and 2 are either nondecorated or elongated by a chain of Galpbeta1-3 residues. This chain can be capped by a single Galpalpha1-4 residue, such capping becoming more dominant with increasing chain size. In addition, the core 2 @entity3954 residue is in cases substituted with the disaccharide Galpalpha1-4Galpbeta1-4, giving rise to the blood P(1)-antigen motif. Larger, also related, glycans exist, reaching at least 18 residues in size. The glycans described are related but larger than those previously described from an @entity2328 mucin [Hulsmeier, A. J., et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 5742-5748]. Our results reveal that the @entity12047 cyst exposes to the host only a few different major @entity1735 motifs. These motifs are composed essentially of @entity3649 units and include the elongation by (Galpbeta1-3)(n) and the capping by Galpalpha1-4, novel in animal mucin-type O-glycans.

title: The major surface @entity3363 of the XXXX cyst: mucin-type O-glycans decorated by novel @entity3649 -based structures.

entities_list: @entity3954 :: ('CHEBI:28009', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylglucosamine']

entities_list: @entity9928 :: ('CHEBI:35381', 'Chemical') :: ['monosaccharide']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity3649 :: ('MESH:D005690', 'Chemical') :: ['galactose']

entities_list: @entity12047 :: ('6210', 'Species') :: ['E. granulosus', 'Echinococcus granulosus']

entities_list: @entity2328 :: ('6211', 'Species') :: ['Echinococcus multilocularis']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity12047 :: (6210,Species) :: ['Echinococcus granulosus']


abstract: The cestodes constitute important but understudied @entity1 and veterinary parasites. Their surfaces are rich in @entity3363 , on which very little structural information is available. The tissue-dwelling larva (hydatid cyst) of the cestode @entity12047 is outwardly protected by a massive layer of @entity1735 -rich extracellular matrix, termed the laminated layer. The @entity9928 composition of this layer suggests that its major @entity1735 components are exclusively mucin-type O-glycans. We have purified these glycans after their release from the crude laminated layer and obtained by MS and NMR the complete structure of 10 of the most abundant components. The structures, between two and six residues in length, encompass a limited number of biosynthetic motifs. The mucin cores 1 and 2 are either nondecorated or elongated by a chain of Galpbeta1-3 residues. This chain can be capped by a single Galpalpha1-4 residue, such capping becoming more dominant with increasing chain size. In addition, the core 2 @entity3954 residue is in cases substituted with the disaccharide Galpalpha1-4Galpbeta1-4, giving rise to the blood P(1)-antigen motif. Larger, also related, glycans exist, reaching at least 18 residues in size. The glycans described are related but larger than those previously described from an @entity2328 mucin [Hulsmeier, A. J., et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 5742-5748]. Our results reveal that the @entity12047 cyst exposes to the host only a few different major @entity1735 motifs. These motifs are composed essentially of @entity3649 units and include the elongation by (Galpbeta1-3)(n) and the capping by Galpalpha1-4, novel in animal mucin-type O-glycans.

title: The major surface XXXX of the @entity12047 cyst: mucin-type O-glycans decorated by novel @entity3649 -based structures.

answer: @entity3363 :: (MESH:D002241,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrates']


abstract: The cestodes constitute important but understudied @entity1 and veterinary parasites. Their surfaces are rich in @entity3363 , on which very little structural information is available. The tissue-dwelling larva (hydatid cyst) of the cestode @entity12047 is outwardly protected by a massive layer of @entity1735 -rich extracellular matrix, termed the laminated layer. The @entity9928 composition of this layer suggests that its major @entity1735 components are exclusively mucin-type O-glycans. We have purified these glycans after their release from the crude laminated layer and obtained by MS and NMR the complete structure of 10 of the most abundant components. The structures, between two and six residues in length, encompass a limited number of biosynthetic motifs. The mucin cores 1 and 2 are either nondecorated or elongated by a chain of Galpbeta1-3 residues. This chain can be capped by a single Galpalpha1-4 residue, such capping becoming more dominant with increasing chain size. In addition, the core 2 @entity3954 residue is in cases substituted with the disaccharide Galpalpha1-4Galpbeta1-4, giving rise to the blood P(1)-antigen motif. Larger, also related, glycans exist, reaching at least 18 residues in size. The glycans described are related but larger than those previously described from an @entity2328 mucin [Hulsmeier, A. J., et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 5742-5748]. Our results reveal that the @entity12047 cyst exposes to the host only a few different major @entity1735 motifs. These motifs are composed essentially of @entity3649 units and include the elongation by (Galpbeta1-3)(n) and the capping by Galpalpha1-4, novel in animal mucin-type O-glycans.

title: The major surface @entity3363 of the @entity12047 cyst: mucin-type O-glycans decorated by novel XXXX -based structures.

answer: @entity3649 :: (MESH:D005690,Chemical) :: ['galactose']


abstract: Invasive @entity364 (IFIs) are being increasingly recognized as a major threat in @entity3124 adult and paediatric @entity1 . They can range widely in severity and can be life threatening in some @entity1 . Candida and Aspergillus species are the most common causes of IFIs, but other @entity375 and filamentous fungi are emerging pathogens. @entity5132 , the most significant pathogenic species, is seen in almost all of the 17% of @entity1 treated in the @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) who develop IFIs, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Non-albicans spp. are becoming more common, particularly in @entity1398 @entity1 and those on existing @entity5638 therapy. Early diagnosis is challenging due to delays in, and low sensitivity of, confirmatory blood cultures, and difficulty in discriminating colonization from @entity3 . Once diagnosed, early initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy is essential for reducing morbidity and mortality. @entity2379 deoxycholate and @entity8201 , once standard therapy, have been largely superseded in the @entity1213 by broad-spectrum azoles, liposomal @entity2379 and the newer @entity5637 agents with improved efficacy/tolerability profiles. The @entity5626 ( @entity11794 , @entity1331 and @entity25928 ) exhibit fungicidal activity against Candida spp. and fungistatic activity against Aspergillus spp. Echinocandins have demonstrated clinical efficacy, broad spectrum of activity and favourable pharmacological properties, and are, therefore, likely to replace @entity2380 as the initial antifungal agent of choice among @entity3124 @entity1 . Current evidence supports @entity5637 empirical therapy for candidaemia or @entity3 in @entity1213 @entity1 with or without @entity1398 , and as rescue therapy in @entity1 with life-threatening IFIs caused by strains resistant to other antifungals. Anidulafungin represents a new advance in the treatment of IFIs and is approved for treatment of candidaemia, @entity6177 , @entity298 and @entity7553 .

title: Invasive XXXX : the challenge continues.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1331 :: ('MESH:C121905', 'Chemical') :: ['micafungin']

entities_list: @entity25928 :: ('MESH:C102786', 'Chemical') :: ['anidulafungin']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B', 'Amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal abscesses']

entities_list: @entity7553 :: ('MESH:D002177', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity5637 :: ('CHEBI:57248', 'Chemical') :: ['echinocandin']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'neutropenic']

entities_list: @entity5626 :: ('MESH:D054714', 'Chemical') :: ['echinocandins']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['intensive care unit', 'ICU']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity11794 :: ('MESH:C105417', 'Chemical') :: ['caspofungin']

answer: @entity364 :: (MESH:D009181,Disease) :: ['fungal infections']


abstract: OBJECT: The object of this study was to compare the recurrence rates of @entity976 after @entity45 fenestration combined with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) and after subtotal resection (STR) combined with GKS. METHODS: The records of 27 @entity1 (age range 3-66 years) with @entity976 that were treated surgically or neuroendoscopically before GKS between January 2000 and December 2007 were reviewed to compare recurrence rates. The @entity1 were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (13 @entity1 ) received the neuroendoscopic procedure before GKS, and Group 2 (14 @entity1 ) received an STR followed by GKS. @entity5 volumes, radiation doses, @entity227 , endocrine levels, and recurrences were compared between the 2 groups. @entity1 with solid @entity5 and those who underwent complete resection were excluded from the study. RESULTS: The recurrence rate for Group 1 was higher than that of Group 2 (p = 0.046). The radiation dose near the optic chiasm was higher in Group 1 (p = 0.021) than in Group 2. However, endocrine function was better preserved in Group 1 than in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation confirms that STR followed by GKS results in a lower recurrence rate than neuroendoscopy and GKS. Neuroendoscopy and GKS, however, results in a better preservation of endocrine function. These results suggest that a generalized multimodal approach including endoscopic fenestration in addition to GKS is hindered by higher recurrence rates.

title: Recurrence rates after neuroendoscopic fenestration and Gamma Knife surgery in comparison with subtotal resection and Gamma Knife surgery for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defects']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendoscopic cyst']

entities_list: @entity976 :: ('MESH:D003397', 'Disease') :: ['cystic craniopharyngiomas']

answer: @entity976 :: (MESH:D003397,Disease) :: ['cystic craniopharyngiomas']


abstract: Immune responses against adenovirus (Ad) vectors pose a possible concern for the outcome of treatment efficacy. To address the role of preexisting immunity in oncolytic Ad vector antitumor efficacy following intratumoral injection of vector as well as @entity5 -to-tissue spread of the vector, we employed the @entity329 model. These animals are immunocompetent, and their @entity5 and tissues are permissive for replication of Ad type 5 (Ad5). We used the @entity204 protein-overexpressing Ad5-based vector INGN 007. @entity5 were established in groups of hamsters that were or were not immunized with Ad5. Half of the hamsters in these groups were immunosuppressed with @entity786 . For all groups, @entity5 injected with INGN 007 grew significantly more slowly than those injected with buffer. Under immunocompetent conditions, there was no significant effect of preexisting immunity on vector antitumor efficacy. Soon after the @entity5 in na  ve animals were injected with vector, the hamsters developed neutralizing antibody (NAb) and the difference in NAb titers between the na  ve and immunized groups diminished. Under immunosuppressed conditions, preexisting NAb did significantly reduce vector efficacy. Thus, NAb do reduce vector efficacy to some extent, but immunosuppression is required to observe the effect. Regarding vector toxicity, there was spillover of vector from the @entity5 to the liver and lungs in na  ve immunocompetent hamsters, and this was nearly eliminated in the immunized hamsters. Thus, preexisting immunity to Ad5 does not affect INGN 007 antitumor efficacy following intratumoral injection, but immunity prevents vector spillover from the @entity5 to the liver and lungs.

title: Effect of preexisting immunity on oncolytic adenovirus vector INGN 007 antitumor efficacy in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Subcutaneous tumors', 'tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['adenovirus death']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian hamster']

answer: @entity329 :: (10036,Species) :: ['Syrian hamsters']


abstract: AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the immediate and long-term effects of a 12 week problem-solving (PS) counseling program to facilitate intensified walking with machinery monitoring on @entity1 with @entity6 in Korea. METHODS: The study used a quasi-experimental design. The @entity1 were 57 @entity1 with @entity6 from three endocrinology or internal medicine clinics in an urban city of South Korea. Moderate-intensity walking and PS counseling were recommended to both groups. The difference between the two groups was whether the intensity of the exercise was monitored by an ambulatory heart rate monitor (experimental group) or was self-regulated (comparison group). Those programs were evaluated in relation to BMI, glycemic control (blood @entity413 level, glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c]), a vascular complication index (total @entity165 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , @entity1674 , tissue plasminogen activator [ @entity3479 ], @entity2289 [ @entity2289 ], Parma Cardiovascular Risk Index), and coping strategies at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: The experimental group members showed dramatic decreases in their @entity413 and HbA1c levels at 3 months. The values of @entity3479 decreased significantly at baseline, compared to at 3 months. The levels of @entity2289 continuously declined and the Parma Cardiovascular Risk Index score did not change significantly from baseline to at 3 months, but showed significant effects at 6 months. CONCLUSION: A combined program of intensified walking, using a heart rate monitor, with PS counseling is more helpful to prevent complications than self-regulated exercise for @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 in Korea.

title: Effects of a problem-solving counseling program to facilitate intensified walking on Koreans with type 2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor-1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity1 with primary @entity628 ( @entity628 ) who are resistant to standard therapy are at high risk for progressive @entity740 . Prevention of @entity8 represents a promising strategy to slow or halt kidney function decline. This paper presents the results of a Phase I clinical trial of @entity6170 , a @entity12585 , that exerts antifibrotic effects in animal models of @entity628 . The primary goal was assessment of safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of @entity6170 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Eleven @entity1 , including eight @entity1 / @entity1 and three @entity1 / @entity1 , with mean age 15 +/- 6 yr and estimated GFR 131 +/- 62 ml/min/1.73 m(2), received @entity6170 , 3 mg/m(2)/d for 16 wk. PK was assessed twice, after the initial dose and after attaining steady state, in a General Clinical Research Center. RESULTS: There were no serious adverse events or @entity65 . @entity6170 was well tolerated by all @entity1 , as judged by the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. The PK studies indicated that the area under the curve was decreased by 40 to 50% and oral clearance of @entity6170 was increased by 250 to 300% in @entity1 with resistant @entity628 compared with healthy controls and @entity1 with @entity740 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6170 therapy was safe and well tolerated. PK assessment of potential novel therapies for resistant @entity628 is necessary to define appropriate dosing regimens. There is rationale to evaluate the efficacy of @entity6170 as an antifibrotic agent for resistant @entity628 in Phase II/III clinical trials.

title: Phase I trial of @entity6170 in XXXX : I. Report of the FONT Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'girls', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'boys', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity12585 :: ('MESH:C089946', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazolidinedione']

entities_list: @entity628 :: ('MESH:D005923', 'Disease') :: ['focal segmental glomerulosclerosis', 'FSGS']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['nonproteinuric stage 2 chronic kidney disease', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity6170 :: ('MESH:C089730', 'Chemical') :: ['Rosiglitazone', 'rosiglitazone']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

answer: @entity628 :: (MESH:D005923,Disease) :: ['FSGS']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity1 with primary @entity628 ( @entity628 ) who are resistant to standard therapy are at high risk for progressive @entity740 . Prevention of @entity8 represents a promising strategy to slow or halt kidney function decline. This paper presents the results of a Phase I clinical trial of @entity6170 , a @entity12585 , that exerts antifibrotic effects in animal models of @entity628 . The primary goal was assessment of safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of @entity6170 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Eleven @entity1 , including eight @entity1 / @entity1 and three @entity1 / @entity1 , with mean age 15 +/- 6 yr and estimated GFR 131 +/- 62 ml/min/1.73 m(2), received @entity6170 , 3 mg/m(2)/d for 16 wk. PK was assessed twice, after the initial dose and after attaining steady state, in a General Clinical Research Center. RESULTS: There were no serious adverse events or @entity65 . @entity6170 was well tolerated by all @entity1 , as judged by the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. The PK studies indicated that the area under the curve was decreased by 40 to 50% and oral clearance of @entity6170 was increased by 250 to 300% in @entity1 with resistant @entity628 compared with healthy controls and @entity1 with @entity740 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6170 therapy was safe and well tolerated. PK assessment of potential novel therapies for resistant @entity628 is necessary to define appropriate dosing regimens. There is rationale to evaluate the efficacy of @entity6170 as an antifibrotic agent for resistant @entity628 in Phase II/III clinical trials.

title: Phase I trial of XXXX in @entity628 : I. Report of the FONT Study Group.

answer: @entity6170 :: (MESH:C089730,Chemical) :: ['rosiglitazone']


abstract: @entity4357 -3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway is essential for conferring cardioprotection in response to ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) stimulus. However, the role of the individual Akt isoforms expressed in the heart in mediating the protective response to IPC is unknown. In this study, we investigated the specific contribution of @entity1994 and @entity3242 in cardioprotection against ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. @entity19 deficient in @entity1994 or @entity3242 were subjected to in vivo regional @entity296 for 30 min. followed by reperfusion for 2 hrs with or without a prior IPC stimulus. Our results show that @entity19 deficient in @entity1994 were resistant to protection with either one or three cycles of IPC stimulus (42.7    6.5% control versus 38.5    1.9% 1    IPC, N = 6, @entity7031 ; 41.4    6.3% control versus 32.4    3.2% 3    IPC, N = 10, @entity7031 ). Western blot analysis, performed on heart samples taken from @entity1994 (-/-) @entity19 subjected to IPC, revealed an impaired phosphorylation of @entity6913 , a downstream effector of Akt, as well as @entity8837 , the parallel component of the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway. @entity3242 (-/-) @entity19 , which exhibit a @entity6 phenotype, however, were amenable to protection with three but not one cycle of IPC (46.4    5.6% control versus 35.9    5.0% in 1    IPC, N = 6, @entity7031 ; 47.0    6.0% control versus 30.8    3.3% in 3    IPC, N = 6; *P = 0.039). @entity1994 but not @entity3242 is essential for mediating a protective response to an IPC stimulus. Impaired activation of @entity6913 and @entity8837 might be responsible for the lack of protective response to IPC in @entity1994 (-/-) @entity19 . The rise in threshold for protection in @entity3242 (-/-) @entity19 might be due to their @entity6 phenotype.

title: The XXXX isoform is an essential mediator of ischaemic preconditioning.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphatidyl-inositol']

answer: @entity1994 :: (11651(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Akt1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) have been considered an important strategy for disrupting the @entity311 transmission cycle, especially for @entity3965 @entity311 , which undergoes gametocytogenesis earlier during infection. Pvs25 and Pvs28 are transmission-blocking vaccine candidates for @entity3965 @entity311 . Assessment of genetic diversity of the vaccine candidates will provide necessary information for predicting the performance of vaccines, which will guide us during the development of @entity311 vaccines. RESULTS: We sequenced the coding regions of pvs25 and pvs28 from 30 @entity3965 isolates from Yunnan Province, identifying five @entity535 haplotypes of Pvs25 and seven @entity535 haplotypes of Pvs28. Among a total of four mutant residues, the predominant haplotype of Pvs25 only had the @entity70847 substitution. For Pvs28, a total of eight @entity535 substitutions were identified. The predominant haplotype of Pvs28 had two substitution at positions 52 ( @entity70848 ) and 140 ( @entity70849 ) with 5-6 GSGGE/D tandem repeats at the end of fourth EGF-like domain. Most @entity535 substitutions were common with previous reports from South Asian isolates. Although the nucleotide diversity of pvs28 (   = 0.0034    0.0012) was significantly higher than pvs25 (   = 0.0013    0.0009), it was still conserved when compared with the blood stage vaccine candidates. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic analysis revealed limited genetic diversity of pvs25 and pvs28, suggesting antigenic diversity may not be a particular problem for Sal I based TBVs in most @entity3965 -endemic areas of China.

title: Genetic diversity of transmission-blocking vaccine candidates Pvs25 and Pvs28 in XXXX isolates from Yunnan Province, China.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3965 :: ('5855', 'Species') :: ['P. vivax', 'Plasmodium vivax']

entities_list: @entity70848 :: ('p|SUB|M|52|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['M52L']

answer: @entity3965 :: (5855,Species) :: ['Plasmodium vivax']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two inflammatory disorders, @entity1723 , cosegregate in populations, suggesting a common genetic origin. Since both diseases are associated with the HLA class II genes on chromosome 6p21, we tested whether non-HLA loci are shared. METHODS: We evaluated the association between type 1 @entity6 and eight loci related to the risk of @entity1593 by genotyping and statistical analyses of DNA samples from 8064 @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 , 9339 control subjects, and 2828 families providing 3064 parent- @entity1 trios (consisting of an affected @entity1 and both biologic parents). We also investigated 18 loci associated with type 1 @entity6 in 2560 @entity1 with @entity1593 and 9339 control subjects. RESULTS: Three @entity1593 loci-- @entity20870 on chromosome 1q31, @entity31692 on chromosome 2q12, and @entity31693 on chromosome 6q25--were associated with type 1 @entity6 (P<1.00x10(-4)). The 32-bp insertion-deletion variant on chromosome 3p21 was newly identified as a type 1 @entity6 locus (P=1.81x10(-8)) and was also associated with @entity1593 , along with @entity15842 on chromosome 18p11 and @entity4386 on chromosome 2q33, bringing the total number of loci with evidence of a shared association to seven, including @entity31694 on chromosome 12q24. The effects of the @entity31692 and @entity31693 alleles confer protection in type 1 @entity6 and susceptibility in @entity1593 . Loci with distinct effects in the two diseases included INS on chromosome 11p15, @entity2902 on chromosome 10p15, and @entity5812 on chromosome 1p13 in type 1 @entity6 and @entity10669 on 3q25 and LPP on 3q28 in @entity1593 . CONCLUSIONS: A genetic susceptibility to both @entity1723 shares common alleles. These data suggest that common biologic mechanisms, such as @entity3145 and intolerance to dietary antigens, may be etiologic features of both diseases.

title: Shared and distinct genetic variants in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity-related tissue damage']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes and celiac disease']

answer: @entity1723 :: (MESH:D003922,Disease) :: ['type 1 diabetes and celiac disease']


abstract: An important objective of @entity1313 modeling is to predict the progression of @entity5 so as to provide guidance about the best possible medical treatment to halt or slow the @entity5 's growth. Such computer models also provide a deeper insight into the physiology of @entity5 . In addition, one can study various what-if scenarios, for instance, investigating the response of @entity5 following the administration of a drug or a variety of drugs. Abrupt changes in growth rate can also be important for surgical decision-making. Despite increased interest in modeling techniques, relatively little progress has been made in improving such technologies. One problem is the limited data available from @entity1 , typically 1 to 3 MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) sessions, from which one has to extrapolate the type of @entity5 so as to successfully predict its evolution over time. Here, the biological and clinical aspects of @entity5 growth and treatment with surgery, radiotherapy and drugs are discussed in the light of a @entity1 with a @entity1313 showing accelerated growth over time. Then, the contributions of mathematical modeling of @entity5 growth and effects of treatment are presented. Current @entity5 growth models can be roughly divided in three main categories, (i) cellular and microscopic models that emphasize isolated cell behavior, (ii) macroscopic models that concentrate on the development of cell density over time, and (iii) hybrid approaches that contain elements of both microscopic and macroscopic models. The mathematical theory that underlies these simulation methods is remarkably similar to the physical theory that forms the basis of protein modeling and molecular mechanics tools. A severe limitation of current models is that they are in fact not @entity1 -specific at all.

title: Computer modeling of XXXX growth.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain tumor']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4153 ( @entity4153 ) of the sinonasal tract is a rare disease. OBJECTIVE: Report a descriptive study of a relatively large cohort of @entity4153 of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. METHOD: The medical records of 21 @entity1 presenting with nasal and paranasal @entity4153 to various French hospitals, from 1989 to 2003, were analysed to determine the clinical features and current treatment of the disease. RESULTS: @entity1 data were obtained from eight French hospitals. Twelve of the @entity1 were male and nine were female, with a mean age at presentation of 55 years (range: 27 to 79 years). @entity1 ' staging for nasal cavity malignancy was: T1, four; T2, three; T3, one; T4, 13; N0, 18; N2, three; M0, 20; and M1, one. None of the @entity1 suffered from @entity4153 of the sinonasal tract with ectopic hormone production. Immunohistochemistry proved useful for diagnosis in 20 cases. Twelve cases were positive for @entity6881 for chromogranin, eight for neuron-specific enolase and 11 for neuron-specific synaptophysin. One @entity1 had an @entity420 and an @entity1179 associated with @entity3270 . @entity1 underwent surgery (11 cases), radiotherapy (14 cases) and chemotherapy (12 cases). Recurrence occurred in 10 cases. Five @entity1 had visceral metastases or cervical lymph node involvement. Nine of the @entity1 died within four years of onset of the disease. CONCLUSION: @entity4153 of the sinonasal tract is an uncommon @entity5 with @entity146 clinical behaviour. Recurrence is frequent and the prognosis is poor. However, the current treatment of these neuroendocrine @entity5 varies widely.

title: XXXX and paranasal sinuses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma', 'SNEC']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1179 :: ('MESH:D018308', 'Disease') :: ['inverted papilloma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine carcinoma']

answer: @entity4153 :: (MESH:D018288,Disease) :: ['Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nasal cavity']


abstract: The introduction of oral agents for the treatment of @entity323 ( @entity323 ) has revolutionized the treatment of @entity1 with erection problems of all severities and etiologies. @entity7855 , available on the world market since 1998 was joined in 2003 by @entity9498 and @entity6697 as effective save and reliable oral agents. While these agents share the method of action in common and are all contraindicated with @entity1507 medications, these are differences among the three agents. @entity7855 has the longest @entity1 experience and the most robust data confirming its activity, safety and tolerability. It has recently been released for use in @entity120 as well as @entity323 . @entity6697 , the most biochemically potent of the molecules has also been demonstrated to be effective in @entity1 with severe @entity323 and in some @entity1 failing @entity7855 . @entity9498 is unique in its longer half life and is also tolerable, safe and effective in all severities and etiologies of @entity323 . Tadalafil is also unique in its inhibition of PDE 11, a characteristic of unknown but probably negligible importance. Newer data have also suggested that these agents may be helpful in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms. Since the introduction of @entity7855 in 1998, @entity323 has been effectively treated with oral medications. The recent addition of @entity6697 and tadalafil to the market has increased the number of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors ( @entity7856 ) to three agents used throughout the world. Each of these agents has similar mechanism of action, but has distinct differences. All three drugs in this class have similar pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles and each is effective for @entity1 with @entity323 of all ages, severities and etiologies. While there are clear pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences amongst these agents, clinical differences are somewhat more difficult to identify. Indeed the data of preference trials, head to head clinical trials, and selection trials are few. The differences in pharmacokinetics while having distinct advantages in marketing each drug may be difficult for clinicians and @entity1 to identify. With the lack of data and well done clinical trials, it is difficult for the clinician to differentiate amongst the three agents and to select a @entity7856 inhibitor for a specific @entity323 @entity1 or a specific agent to switch to if an initial @entity7856 agent is unsuccessful or poorly tolerated. This discussion summarizes some of the current data on @entity7856 inhibitors and their efficacy, safety, and use in other conditions.

title: XXXX inhibitors: are there differences?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity9498 :: ('MESH:C429886', 'Chemical') :: ['tadalafil', 'Tadalafil']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil', 'Sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity6697 :: ('MESH:C426063', 'Chemical') :: ['Vardenafil', 'vardenafil']

answer: @entity7856 :: (8654,Gene) :: ['PDE5']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the methodological quality of randomized controlled trials ( @entity302 ) of medical and surgical therapy in @entity1 with arthroplasty. METHODS: We conducted a Medline database search for all arthroplasty @entity302 from 1997 and 2006. The quality of the methods of all eligible @entity302 was assessed by a trained abstractor. We used a checklist of trial quality characteristics, and the overall trial quality was assessed by 3 scales: Jadad (range 0-5), Delphi list (range 0-9), and numeric rating scale (NRS; range 1-10), based on User's Guides to the Medical Literature. RESULTS: A total of 196 articles were included in the analysis; most included hip (n = 81) or knee (n = 80) or both hip/knee arthroplasty (n = 19); 66 (34%) assessed pharmacological treatments, 117 (60%) nonpharmacological treatments, and 13 (7%) both. Mean (SEM) overall quality scores of arthroplasty @entity302 were low: Jadad score 2.36 (1.4), Delphi list 5.33 (1.6), and NRS score 4.30 (2.6). Multivariable analyses revealed that nonpharmacological intervention @entity302 had lower odds (odds ratio 0.28-0.39; p = 0.008-0.033) and those with no funding had lower odds (OR 0.28-0.50; p = 0.014-0.119) of being in the highest quartiles of the 3 overall quality scores. In contrast, multicenter @entity302 had 1.8-4.7 times higher odds of being in highest tertiles of quality scores (p = 0.017-0.185). CONCLUSION: @entity942 in reporting of hip/knee arthroplasty @entity302 offer an opportunity for improvement. Type of intervention, number of trial centers, and presence of funding were independently associated with overall trial quality. In future, multicenter @entity302 ( @entity302 ) and modeling protocols of single-center @entity302 similar in rigor to multicenter @entity302 may improve the quality of arthroplasty @entity302 .

title: Assessment of the methodologic quality of medical and surgical clinical trials in XXXX with arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['RCT', 'rather than single-center']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['Methodological deficiencies']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']