abstract: AIMS: The @entity3547 /ROCK pathway controls crucial biological processes involved in cardiovascular pathophysiology, such as cytoskeleton dynamics, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and @entity32 . In this work, we tested whether Rho kinase inhibition would beneficially impact cardiac cytoskeleton organization, bioenergetics, and autophagy in experimental @entity5694 induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) in @entity19 . RESULTS: @entity8232 , a potent ROCK inhibitor, prevented @entity558 -induced @entity299 , oxidative stress, cytoskeleton disarray, and @entity2383 . ROCK inhibition prevented phosphorylation of @entity12386 and @entity25490 , which promotes stabilization-polymerization of F-actin and mediates mitochondrial fission, respectively. Pyr1, which exclusively alters actin dynamics, prevented @entity558 -induced @entity296 , suggesting that beneficial impact of ROCK inhibition was not mainly related to pleiotropic effects of @entity8232 on @entity299 and oxidative stress. @entity8232 reduced mitochondrial fragmentation, stimulated initiation of autophagy, and elicited cardioprotection in @entity558 heart. Mdivi-1, a potent mitochondria fission inhibitor, converted cardioprotective autophagy to an inefficient form due to cargo loading failure in which autophagic vacuoles fail to trap cytosolic cargo, despite their formation at enhanced rates and lysosomal elimination. INNOVATION: In experimental @entity5694 , cardioprotection by @entity3547 /ROCK inhibition may be related to changes in actin cytoskeleton reorganization and mitochondrial homeostasis. Improvement of @entity558 -induced @entity2383 by @entity8232 was attributed to inhibition of ROCK-dependent @entity25490 phosphorylation and activation of autophagic processes that can limit mitochondrial fragmentation and enhance degradation of damaged mitochondria, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity8232 prevented @entity558 -induced heart oxidative stress, abnormal F-actin distribution, and oxidative phosphorylation, which concur to improve cardiac contractile and bioenergetic function. We suggest that @entity8232 may represent a valuable therapy for @entity1 with @entity295 . Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.

title: Endotoxemia Engages the XXXX Kinase Pathway to Impair Cardiac Function By Altering Cytoskeleton, Mitochondrial Fission, and Autophagy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8232 :: ('MESH:C049347', 'Chemical') :: ['Fasudil', 'fasudil']

entities_list: @entity5694 :: ('MESH:D019446', 'Disease') :: ['endotoxemia']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity25490 :: ('10059', 'Gene') :: ['Drp1', 'dynamin-related protein-1']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial dysfunction', 'mitochondrial injury']

answer: @entity3547 :: (387,Gene) :: ['RhoA']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3925 is a new Xa inhibitor indicated for thromboprophylaxis in @entity1 undergoing joint arthroplasty. This study was designed to assess the risk of major @entity548 from the combination of either a single or a continuous deep, superficial, and @entity616 and the use of @entity3925 for thromboprophylaxis following joint arthroplasty. METHOD: @entity1 undergoing either primary, redo, unilateral, or bilateral total hip or knee replacement while receiving a femoral, sciatic, lumbar @entity616 alone or in combination and receiving at least one dose of @entity3925 10 mg once a day for thromboprophylaxis postoperatively were included in this analysis. RESULTS: In this series, 766 @entity1 (199 total hip replacements and 567 total knee replacements) were included. A total of 1,104 blocks were performed including 1,029 continuous blocks (509 femoral, 320 sciatic, and 200 lumbar plexus). No major @entity548 related to the performance of peripheral nerve blocks was recorded. In contrast, three @entity1 developed @entity1410 in the operated knee requiring a surgical evacuation. @entity548 was recorded at the surgical site in 12 @entity1 vs 10 @entity1 at the site of the block. Although all minor @entity548 at the surgical site occurred after the initiation of the @entity3925 therapy, 80% of minor @entity548 at the site of the block was recorded before the initiation of thromboprophylaxis. CONCLUSION: Our data supports the concept that there is no increased risk of major @entity548 when deep and superficial blocks are performed in combination in @entity1 receiving thromboprophylaxis @entity3925 following joint arthroplasty.

title: Combination of Superficial and Deep Blocks with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Minor bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['Rivaroxaban', 'rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['plexus nerve block', 'plexus block']

answer: @entity3925 :: (MESH:C503223,Chemical) :: ['Rivaroxaban']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Venous and arterial @entity715 share a number of pathogenic mechanisms, but the burden of @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) has not been consistently compared with that in other @entity455 . METHODS: We used the Spanish National Discharge Database to compare the frequency, clinical characteristics and mortality rate of all @entity1 with @entity1151 , @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) or @entity385 admitted from 2001 to 2010. @entity1 were classified as having primary diagnosis (the process leading to hospital admission) or secondary diagnosis (it appeared during hospital stay for other reasons) RESULTS: During the study period, 31,949,739 @entity1 were discharged. Of these, 165,229 (0.52%) were diagnosed with @entity1151 , 562,837 (1.76%) with @entity1187 and 495,427 (1.55%) with @entity385 . Overall, 31% of @entity1 with @entity1151 , 8.4% with @entity1187 and 13% with @entity385 had secondary diagnoses. The most common reasons for admission in @entity1 with secondary @entity1151 were: @entity5 (21%), @entity1576 (11%), @entity712 (6.4%) and @entity64 (5.5%). Mean hospital stay was: 14  13days in @entity1151 @entity1 , 9.7  9.7 in those with @entity1187 and 13  14days in those with @entity64 . In-hospital mortality rate was: 10.5%, 10.1% and 12.3% respectively in @entity1 with primary diagnosis, and 36%, 34% and 29% in those with secondary diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 hospitalized with @entity1151 were 3-4 times less frequent than those with @entity1187 or @entity64 , but had a higher mortality. One in every 3 @entity1 with @entity1151 (but only one in every 10 with @entity1187 or @entity64 ) had secondary diagnosis, and these @entity1 had the highest mortality.

title: XXXX , @entity1187 and @entity385 in the Spanish National Discharge Database.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial diseases']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['acute heart failure']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['acute respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary embolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Venous and arterial @entity715 share a number of pathogenic mechanisms, but the burden of @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) has not been consistently compared with that in other @entity455 . METHODS: We used the Spanish National Discharge Database to compare the frequency, clinical characteristics and mortality rate of all @entity1 with @entity1151 , @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) or @entity385 admitted from 2001 to 2010. @entity1 were classified as having primary diagnosis (the process leading to hospital admission) or secondary diagnosis (it appeared during hospital stay for other reasons) RESULTS: During the study period, 31,949,739 @entity1 were discharged. Of these, 165,229 (0.52%) were diagnosed with @entity1151 , 562,837 (1.76%) with @entity1187 and 495,427 (1.55%) with @entity385 . Overall, 31% of @entity1 with @entity1151 , 8.4% with @entity1187 and 13% with @entity385 had secondary diagnoses. The most common reasons for admission in @entity1 with secondary @entity1151 were: @entity5 (21%), @entity1576 (11%), @entity712 (6.4%) and @entity64 (5.5%). Mean hospital stay was: 14  13days in @entity1151 @entity1 , 9.7  9.7 in those with @entity1187 and 13  14days in those with @entity64 . In-hospital mortality rate was: 10.5%, 10.1% and 12.3% respectively in @entity1 with primary diagnosis, and 36%, 34% and 29% in those with secondary diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 hospitalized with @entity1151 were 3-4 times less frequent than those with @entity1187 or @entity64 , but had a higher mortality. One in every 3 @entity1 with @entity1151 (but only one in every 10 with @entity1187 or @entity64 ) had secondary diagnosis, and these @entity1 had the highest mortality.

title: @entity1151 , @entity1187 and XXXX in the Spanish National Discharge Database.

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Venous and arterial @entity715 share a number of pathogenic mechanisms, but the burden of @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) has not been consistently compared with that in other @entity455 . METHODS: We used the Spanish National Discharge Database to compare the frequency, clinical characteristics and mortality rate of all @entity1 with @entity1151 , @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) or @entity385 admitted from 2001 to 2010. @entity1 were classified as having primary diagnosis (the process leading to hospital admission) or secondary diagnosis (it appeared during hospital stay for other reasons) RESULTS: During the study period, 31,949,739 @entity1 were discharged. Of these, 165,229 (0.52%) were diagnosed with @entity1151 , 562,837 (1.76%) with @entity1187 and 495,427 (1.55%) with @entity385 . Overall, 31% of @entity1 with @entity1151 , 8.4% with @entity1187 and 13% with @entity385 had secondary diagnoses. The most common reasons for admission in @entity1 with secondary @entity1151 were: @entity5 (21%), @entity1576 (11%), @entity712 (6.4%) and @entity64 (5.5%). Mean hospital stay was: 14  13days in @entity1151 @entity1 , 9.7  9.7 in those with @entity1187 and 13  14days in those with @entity64 . In-hospital mortality rate was: 10.5%, 10.1% and 12.3% respectively in @entity1 with primary diagnosis, and 36%, 34% and 29% in those with secondary diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 hospitalized with @entity1151 were 3-4 times less frequent than those with @entity1187 or @entity64 , but had a higher mortality. One in every 3 @entity1 with @entity1151 (but only one in every 10 with @entity1187 or @entity64 ) had secondary diagnosis, and these @entity1 had the highest mortality.

title: @entity1151 , XXXX and @entity385 in the Spanish National Discharge Database.

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Low density lipoprotein @entity165 ( @entity11429 ) is associated with @entity409 , @entity32 and increased vasoconstriction, which are involved in the development of contrast-induced @entity810 (CI-AKI). However, whether @entity11429 is an independent risk factor of CI-AKI in @entity1 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 3236 consecutive @entity1 undergoing PCI between January 2010 and September 2012. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether @entity11429 is an independent risk factor of CI-AKI. CI-AKI was defined as an absolute increase in serum @entity1011 of >= 0.5  mg/dL or >= 25% over the baseline value within 48-72  h after contrast exposure. RESULTS: CI-AKI was observed in 338 @entity1 (10.4%). @entity1 with CI-AKI had a significantly higher rate of in hospital mortality (4.4% vs. 0.5%, p  <  0.001), and significantly higher rates of other in hospital complications compared with those without CI-AKI. The @entity11429 quartiles were as follows: Q1 (<2.04  mmol/L), Q2 (2.04-2.61  mmol/L), Q3 (2.61-3.21  mmol/L) and Q4 (>3.21  mmol/L). @entity1 with high baseline @entity11429 levels were more likely to develop CI-AKI and composite end points including all-cause mortality, renal replacement therapy, non-fatal @entity583 , @entity712 , target vessel revascularization or cerebrovascular accident during the observation period of hospitalization (8.9%, 9.9%, 10.5%, 12.6%, p  =  0.001, and 5.0%, 5.2%, 6.1%, 8.1%, respectively; p  =  0.007). Univariate logistic analysis showed that @entity11429 levels (increment 1  mmol/L) were significantly associated with CI-AKI (odds ratio  =  1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.39, p  <  0.001). Furthermore, @entity11429 remained a significant risk factor of CI-AKI (odds ratio  =  1.23, 95% CI, 1.04-1.45, p  =  0.014), even after adjusting for potential confounding risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of plasma @entity11429 concentrations in @entity1 undergoing PCI may be helpful to identify those who are at risk of CI-AKI and poor in hospital outcomes.

title: LDL @entity165 as a novel risk factor for contrast-induced XXXX in @entity1 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute kidney injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Low density lipoprotein @entity165 ( @entity11429 ) is associated with @entity409 , @entity32 and increased vasoconstriction, which are involved in the development of contrast-induced @entity810 (CI-AKI). However, whether @entity11429 is an independent risk factor of CI-AKI in @entity1 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 3236 consecutive @entity1 undergoing PCI between January 2010 and September 2012. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether @entity11429 is an independent risk factor of CI-AKI. CI-AKI was defined as an absolute increase in serum @entity1011 of >= 0.5  mg/dL or >= 25% over the baseline value within 48-72  h after contrast exposure. RESULTS: CI-AKI was observed in 338 @entity1 (10.4%). @entity1 with CI-AKI had a significantly higher rate of in hospital mortality (4.4% vs. 0.5%, p  <  0.001), and significantly higher rates of other in hospital complications compared with those without CI-AKI. The @entity11429 quartiles were as follows: Q1 (<2.04  mmol/L), Q2 (2.04-2.61  mmol/L), Q3 (2.61-3.21  mmol/L) and Q4 (>3.21  mmol/L). @entity1 with high baseline @entity11429 levels were more likely to develop CI-AKI and composite end points including all-cause mortality, renal replacement therapy, non-fatal @entity583 , @entity712 , target vessel revascularization or cerebrovascular accident during the observation period of hospitalization (8.9%, 9.9%, 10.5%, 12.6%, p  =  0.001, and 5.0%, 5.2%, 6.1%, 8.1%, respectively; p  =  0.007). Univariate logistic analysis showed that @entity11429 levels (increment 1  mmol/L) were significantly associated with CI-AKI (odds ratio  =  1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.39, p  <  0.001). Furthermore, @entity11429 remained a significant risk factor of CI-AKI (odds ratio  =  1.23, 95% CI, 1.04-1.45, p  =  0.014), even after adjusting for potential confounding risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of plasma @entity11429 concentrations in @entity1 undergoing PCI may be helpful to identify those who are at risk of CI-AKI and poor in hospital outcomes.

title: LDL XXXX as a novel risk factor for contrast-induced @entity810 in @entity1 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Low density lipoprotein @entity165 ( @entity11429 ) is associated with @entity409 , @entity32 and increased vasoconstriction, which are involved in the development of contrast-induced @entity810 (CI-AKI). However, whether @entity11429 is an independent risk factor of CI-AKI in @entity1 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 3236 consecutive @entity1 undergoing PCI between January 2010 and September 2012. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether @entity11429 is an independent risk factor of CI-AKI. CI-AKI was defined as an absolute increase in serum @entity1011 of >= 0.5  mg/dL or >= 25% over the baseline value within 48-72  h after contrast exposure. RESULTS: CI-AKI was observed in 338 @entity1 (10.4%). @entity1 with CI-AKI had a significantly higher rate of in hospital mortality (4.4% vs. 0.5%, p  <  0.001), and significantly higher rates of other in hospital complications compared with those without CI-AKI. The @entity11429 quartiles were as follows: Q1 (<2.04  mmol/L), Q2 (2.04-2.61  mmol/L), Q3 (2.61-3.21  mmol/L) and Q4 (>3.21  mmol/L). @entity1 with high baseline @entity11429 levels were more likely to develop CI-AKI and composite end points including all-cause mortality, renal replacement therapy, non-fatal @entity583 , @entity712 , target vessel revascularization or cerebrovascular accident during the observation period of hospitalization (8.9%, 9.9%, 10.5%, 12.6%, p  =  0.001, and 5.0%, 5.2%, 6.1%, 8.1%, respectively; p  =  0.007). Univariate logistic analysis showed that @entity11429 levels (increment 1  mmol/L) were significantly associated with CI-AKI (odds ratio  =  1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.39, p  <  0.001). Furthermore, @entity11429 remained a significant risk factor of CI-AKI (odds ratio  =  1.23, 95% CI, 1.04-1.45, p  =  0.014), even after adjusting for potential confounding risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of plasma @entity11429 concentrations in @entity1 undergoing PCI may be helpful to identify those who are at risk of CI-AKI and poor in hospital outcomes.

title: LDL @entity165 as a novel risk factor for contrast-induced @entity810 in XXXX undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Non-HDL @entity165 (non-HDL-C) has recently been recommended as a first target for @entity2299 management. We previously reported that LDL @entity165 (LDL-C) and non-HDL-C levels were similarly associated with periprocedural @entity296 (PMI) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in @entity1 with @entity453 . Here we investigated the comparative prognostic value of non-HDL-C and LDL-C for PMI following PCI in @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ). METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 1194 consecutive @entity2175 @entity1 with normal preprocedural cTnI undergoing PCI. @entity1 were divided into the two groups: group A [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)  <  7%, n  =  567] and group B (HbA1c  >=   7%, n  =  627). PMI was evaluated by cTnI analysis within 24  h. The relationship of preprocedural non-HDL-C and LDL-C levels with peak cTnI values after PCI was examined. RESULTS: @entity1 in group B, with higher preprocedural non-HDL-C levels, had higher postprocedural cTnI levels (b  =  0.102, P  =  0.011). In the multivariable model, a 1-SD increase in non-HDL-C produced a 30% and 33% increased risk of postprocedural cTnI >3  *  upper limit of normal (ULN) and >5  *  ULN in group B, respectively. However, neither LDL-C nor group A @entity1 were affected. Furthermore, @entity1 with non-HDL-C levels >= 130  mg/dl compared with non-HDL-C levels  <=100  mg/dl were associated with a 83.3% and 71.7% increased risk of postprocedural cTnI >3  *  ULN and >5  *  ULN in group B, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In poorly-controlled @entity6 @entity1 (HbA1c  >=   7%) undergoing PCI, non-HDL-C but not LDL-C was independently associated with and increased risk of PMI, and non-HDL-C levels >= 130  mg/dl had a worse PMI risk profile compared with non-HDL-C levels <100  mg/dl.

title: Non-HDL @entity165 is a better target for predicting periprocedural XXXX following percutaneous coronary intervention in @entity2175 .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Non-HDL @entity165 (non-HDL-C) has recently been recommended as a first target for @entity2299 management. We previously reported that LDL @entity165 (LDL-C) and non-HDL-C levels were similarly associated with periprocedural @entity296 (PMI) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in @entity1 with @entity453 . Here we investigated the comparative prognostic value of non-HDL-C and LDL-C for PMI following PCI in @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ). METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 1194 consecutive @entity2175 @entity1 with normal preprocedural cTnI undergoing PCI. @entity1 were divided into the two groups: group A [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)  <  7%, n  =  567] and group B (HbA1c  >=   7%, n  =  627). PMI was evaluated by cTnI analysis within 24  h. The relationship of preprocedural non-HDL-C and LDL-C levels with peak cTnI values after PCI was examined. RESULTS: @entity1 in group B, with higher preprocedural non-HDL-C levels, had higher postprocedural cTnI levels (b  =  0.102, P  =  0.011). In the multivariable model, a 1-SD increase in non-HDL-C produced a 30% and 33% increased risk of postprocedural cTnI >3  *  upper limit of normal (ULN) and >5  *  ULN in group B, respectively. However, neither LDL-C nor group A @entity1 were affected. Furthermore, @entity1 with non-HDL-C levels >= 130  mg/dl compared with non-HDL-C levels  <=100  mg/dl were associated with a 83.3% and 71.7% increased risk of postprocedural cTnI >3  *  ULN and >5  *  ULN in group B, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In poorly-controlled @entity6 @entity1 (HbA1c  >=   7%) undergoing PCI, non-HDL-C but not LDL-C was independently associated with and increased risk of PMI, and non-HDL-C levels >= 130  mg/dl had a worse PMI risk profile compared with non-HDL-C levels <100  mg/dl.

title: Non-HDL XXXX is a better target for predicting periprocedural @entity296 following percutaneous coronary intervention in @entity2175 .

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Non-HDL @entity165 (non-HDL-C) has recently been recommended as a first target for @entity2299 management. We previously reported that LDL @entity165 (LDL-C) and non-HDL-C levels were similarly associated with periprocedural @entity296 (PMI) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in @entity1 with @entity453 . Here we investigated the comparative prognostic value of non-HDL-C and LDL-C for PMI following PCI in @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ). METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 1194 consecutive @entity2175 @entity1 with normal preprocedural cTnI undergoing PCI. @entity1 were divided into the two groups: group A [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)  <  7%, n  =  567] and group B (HbA1c  >=   7%, n  =  627). PMI was evaluated by cTnI analysis within 24  h. The relationship of preprocedural non-HDL-C and LDL-C levels with peak cTnI values after PCI was examined. RESULTS: @entity1 in group B, with higher preprocedural non-HDL-C levels, had higher postprocedural cTnI levels (b  =  0.102, P  =  0.011). In the multivariable model, a 1-SD increase in non-HDL-C produced a 30% and 33% increased risk of postprocedural cTnI >3  *  upper limit of normal (ULN) and >5  *  ULN in group B, respectively. However, neither LDL-C nor group A @entity1 were affected. Furthermore, @entity1 with non-HDL-C levels >= 130  mg/dl compared with non-HDL-C levels  <=100  mg/dl were associated with a 83.3% and 71.7% increased risk of postprocedural cTnI >3  *  ULN and >5  *  ULN in group B, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In poorly-controlled @entity6 @entity1 (HbA1c  >=   7%) undergoing PCI, non-HDL-C but not LDL-C was independently associated with and increased risk of PMI, and non-HDL-C levels >= 130  mg/dl had a worse PMI risk profile compared with non-HDL-C levels <100  mg/dl.

title: Non-HDL @entity165 is a better target for predicting periprocedural @entity296 following percutaneous coronary intervention in XXXX .

answer: @entity2175 :: (MESH:D003924,Disease) :: ['type 2 diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Apoptosis is the early and predominant form of cell death in infarcted myocardia. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of @entity1481 ( @entity2904 ) and @entity898 (NAC), used alone or in combination, on oxidative stress, @entity1188 size, and @entity63 -reperfusion (IR)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a @entity35 model of @entity741 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial IR was established by ligating an area under the left main coronary artery for 30  min followed by 3  h of reperfusion. Saline (1  ml/kg), NAC (50, 150  mg/kg), or @entity2904 (3, 5  mg/kg) was intravenously injected during the middle of the @entity63 period. At the end of the reperfusion, blood samples were collected from the animals to measure serum M30 and M65 levels, which are markers of cell death, the @entity21078 level, which is a marker of @entity32 , and the @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) level, which is a marker of oxidative stress. The @entity1188 size was evaluated as the ratio of the @entity1188 area to the risk area. Apoptotic activation was assessed by @entity4124 immunostaining and a TUNEL assay. @entity2904 and NAC, either alone or in combination, significantly reduced serum @entity1865 levels, @entity1188 area and apoptotic activity compared to those observed in saline group. Interestingly, the @entity1188 area was more smaller in @entity2904 (3 and 5  mg/kg) injected groups (9.72      1.3% and 9.96      2.3%) than those observed in NAC (50 and 150  mg/kg) (16.1      2.5% and 19.1      2.14%) or @entity2904 (5  mg/kg)- NAC (150  mg/kg) combination groups (16.9      1.6%). However, the apoptotic activity was reduced more significantly in the combination of @entity2904 (5  mg/kg)-NAC (50  mg/kg) compared to @entity2904 -only group. Neither @entity2904 or NAC treatments nor the combination of the drugs significantly affected serum M30, M65 and @entity21078 levels. CONCLUSION: Intravenous NAC and @entity2904 administration decreased oxidative stress, @entity1188 area and apoptotic activity in a @entity35 model of IR. Although the combination treatment was more effective in reducing the apoptotic activity than either treatment groups alone, @entity2904 treatment was more successful in reducing the @entity1188 area than NAC or combination treatments. Present results suggest that, in addition to mechanical attempts to secure myocardial reperfusion, the use of @entity2904 and NAC may help to reduce IR injury.

title: Effective inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the combination of @entity1481 and @entity898 in a @entity35 model of XXXX and reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylcysteine']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity1481 :: ('MESH:D014292', 'Chemical') :: ['trimetazidine']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial IR']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['myocardial ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Apoptosis is the early and predominant form of cell death in infarcted myocardia. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of @entity1481 ( @entity2904 ) and @entity898 (NAC), used alone or in combination, on oxidative stress, @entity1188 size, and @entity63 -reperfusion (IR)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a @entity35 model of @entity741 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial IR was established by ligating an area under the left main coronary artery for 30  min followed by 3  h of reperfusion. Saline (1  ml/kg), NAC (50, 150  mg/kg), or @entity2904 (3, 5  mg/kg) was intravenously injected during the middle of the @entity63 period. At the end of the reperfusion, blood samples were collected from the animals to measure serum M30 and M65 levels, which are markers of cell death, the @entity21078 level, which is a marker of @entity32 , and the @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) level, which is a marker of oxidative stress. The @entity1188 size was evaluated as the ratio of the @entity1188 area to the risk area. Apoptotic activation was assessed by @entity4124 immunostaining and a TUNEL assay. @entity2904 and NAC, either alone or in combination, significantly reduced serum @entity1865 levels, @entity1188 area and apoptotic activity compared to those observed in saline group. Interestingly, the @entity1188 area was more smaller in @entity2904 (3 and 5  mg/kg) injected groups (9.72      1.3% and 9.96      2.3%) than those observed in NAC (50 and 150  mg/kg) (16.1      2.5% and 19.1      2.14%) or @entity2904 (5  mg/kg)- NAC (150  mg/kg) combination groups (16.9      1.6%). However, the apoptotic activity was reduced more significantly in the combination of @entity2904 (5  mg/kg)-NAC (50  mg/kg) compared to @entity2904 -only group. Neither @entity2904 or NAC treatments nor the combination of the drugs significantly affected serum M30, M65 and @entity21078 levels. CONCLUSION: Intravenous NAC and @entity2904 administration decreased oxidative stress, @entity1188 area and apoptotic activity in a @entity35 model of IR. Although the combination treatment was more effective in reducing the apoptotic activity than either treatment groups alone, @entity2904 treatment was more successful in reducing the @entity1188 area than NAC or combination treatments. Present results suggest that, in addition to mechanical attempts to secure myocardial reperfusion, the use of @entity2904 and NAC may help to reduce IR injury.

title: Effective inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the combination of XXXX and @entity898 in a @entity35 model of @entity741 and reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

answer: @entity1481 :: (MESH:D014292,Chemical) :: ['trimetazidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Apoptosis is the early and predominant form of cell death in infarcted myocardia. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of @entity1481 ( @entity2904 ) and @entity898 (NAC), used alone or in combination, on oxidative stress, @entity1188 size, and @entity63 -reperfusion (IR)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a @entity35 model of @entity741 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial IR was established by ligating an area under the left main coronary artery for 30  min followed by 3  h of reperfusion. Saline (1  ml/kg), NAC (50, 150  mg/kg), or @entity2904 (3, 5  mg/kg) was intravenously injected during the middle of the @entity63 period. At the end of the reperfusion, blood samples were collected from the animals to measure serum M30 and M65 levels, which are markers of cell death, the @entity21078 level, which is a marker of @entity32 , and the @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) level, which is a marker of oxidative stress. The @entity1188 size was evaluated as the ratio of the @entity1188 area to the risk area. Apoptotic activation was assessed by @entity4124 immunostaining and a TUNEL assay. @entity2904 and NAC, either alone or in combination, significantly reduced serum @entity1865 levels, @entity1188 area and apoptotic activity compared to those observed in saline group. Interestingly, the @entity1188 area was more smaller in @entity2904 (3 and 5  mg/kg) injected groups (9.72      1.3% and 9.96      2.3%) than those observed in NAC (50 and 150  mg/kg) (16.1      2.5% and 19.1      2.14%) or @entity2904 (5  mg/kg)- NAC (150  mg/kg) combination groups (16.9      1.6%). However, the apoptotic activity was reduced more significantly in the combination of @entity2904 (5  mg/kg)-NAC (50  mg/kg) compared to @entity2904 -only group. Neither @entity2904 or NAC treatments nor the combination of the drugs significantly affected serum M30, M65 and @entity21078 levels. CONCLUSION: Intravenous NAC and @entity2904 administration decreased oxidative stress, @entity1188 area and apoptotic activity in a @entity35 model of IR. Although the combination treatment was more effective in reducing the apoptotic activity than either treatment groups alone, @entity2904 treatment was more successful in reducing the @entity1188 area than NAC or combination treatments. Present results suggest that, in addition to mechanical attempts to secure myocardial reperfusion, the use of @entity2904 and NAC may help to reduce IR injury.

title: Effective inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the combination of @entity1481 and XXXX in a @entity35 model of @entity741 and reperfusion injury.

answer: @entity898 :: (MESH:D000111,Chemical) :: ['N-acetylcysteine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Apoptosis is the early and predominant form of cell death in infarcted myocardia. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of @entity1481 ( @entity2904 ) and @entity898 (NAC), used alone or in combination, on oxidative stress, @entity1188 size, and @entity63 -reperfusion (IR)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a @entity35 model of @entity741 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial IR was established by ligating an area under the left main coronary artery for 30  min followed by 3  h of reperfusion. Saline (1  ml/kg), NAC (50, 150  mg/kg), or @entity2904 (3, 5  mg/kg) was intravenously injected during the middle of the @entity63 period. At the end of the reperfusion, blood samples were collected from the animals to measure serum M30 and M65 levels, which are markers of cell death, the @entity21078 level, which is a marker of @entity32 , and the @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) level, which is a marker of oxidative stress. The @entity1188 size was evaluated as the ratio of the @entity1188 area to the risk area. Apoptotic activation was assessed by @entity4124 immunostaining and a TUNEL assay. @entity2904 and NAC, either alone or in combination, significantly reduced serum @entity1865 levels, @entity1188 area and apoptotic activity compared to those observed in saline group. Interestingly, the @entity1188 area was more smaller in @entity2904 (3 and 5  mg/kg) injected groups (9.72      1.3% and 9.96      2.3%) than those observed in NAC (50 and 150  mg/kg) (16.1      2.5% and 19.1      2.14%) or @entity2904 (5  mg/kg)- NAC (150  mg/kg) combination groups (16.9      1.6%). However, the apoptotic activity was reduced more significantly in the combination of @entity2904 (5  mg/kg)-NAC (50  mg/kg) compared to @entity2904 -only group. Neither @entity2904 or NAC treatments nor the combination of the drugs significantly affected serum M30, M65 and @entity21078 levels. CONCLUSION: Intravenous NAC and @entity2904 administration decreased oxidative stress, @entity1188 area and apoptotic activity in a @entity35 model of IR. Although the combination treatment was more effective in reducing the apoptotic activity than either treatment groups alone, @entity2904 treatment was more successful in reducing the @entity1188 area than NAC or combination treatments. Present results suggest that, in addition to mechanical attempts to secure myocardial reperfusion, the use of @entity2904 and NAC may help to reduce IR injury.

title: Effective inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the combination of @entity1481 and @entity898 in a XXXX model of @entity741 and reperfusion injury.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although lipid crystals (LCs) have received attention as a causative factor of @entity397 , the mechanisms by which they increase plaque vulnerability are unknown. We examined whether solid-state LCs physically affect the adjacent extracellular matrix (ECM) using a combination of multimodal nonlinear optical (MNLO) imaging and @entity1417 ( @entity1417 ). METHODS: The changes of ECMs affected by lipids in @entity731 arteries in @entity6970 -deficient @entity19 (n  =  32) fed a high-fat diet for 20-30 weeks were micro-anatomically visualized by a 3D MNLO imaging platform including CARS for lipids, TPEF for @entity20616 , and SHG for collagen. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The TPEF signal of @entity20616 was increased at the peripheral regions of LCs (<10   m) compared with foam cell regions. In order to confirm the increase of @entity20616 , biochemical assay (western blot) was performed. The protein level of @entity20616 was increased approximately 2.25-fold (p  =  0.024) in LC-rich arteries. Under the hypothesis that the increase of @entity20616 resulted from the mechanical stimulus from solid-state LCs, MNLO images were subjected to @entity1417 to simulate the displacement according to the expanding magnitude of the vessel during cardiac cycles. We found that microscale focal stress was increased specifically around the LCs. These @entity1417 results corresponded with the increase of @entity20616 observed by TPEF. These data suggest that LCs mechanically stimulate the adjacent ECM to alter the composition of ECM and cause vessel remodeling. The combination of MNLO imaging and @entity1417 has great potential to verify the mechanical predictions in @entity65 .

title: Lipid crystals mechanically stimulate adjacent extracellular matrix in advanced XXXX plaques.

entities_list: @entity1417 :: ('MESH:C565217', 'Disease') :: ['FEA', 'finite element analysis']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['plaque rupture']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess risk and time trends of newly recorded @entity583 and @entity64 in cases with @entity785 . METHODS: We conducted a matched incident cohort study (1996-2010) among @entity1 satisfying at least one of the following: 1) diagnosis of @entity785 on at least 2 visits within a 2-year period by a nonrheumatologist physician; or 2) diagnosis of @entity785 on at least one visit by a rheumatologist or from hospitalization; as well as receiving no prior @entity785 diagnosis between 1990 and 1995. Ten controls were matched by birth year, sex, and calendar year of exposure from the general population for each case. Incident @entity583 , @entity64 , and @entity583 or @entity64 was recorded from hospital or death certificates. We estimated incidence rate ratios and hazard ratios (HRs) after adjusting for confounders. RESULTS: Among 1239 individuals with @entity785 and no history of @entity583 (83% female, 56 years old), the incidence rate for @entity583 was 13.0/1000 @entity1 -years vs 4.1/1000 @entity1 -years in the comparison cohort. The incidence rate for @entity64 was 8.0/1000 @entity1 -years vs 3.7/1000 among controls. The adjusted HRs were 3.49 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.52-4.83) and 2.35 (95% CI, 1.59-3.48) for @entity583 and @entity64 , respectively. For @entity583 and @entity64 , the risk was highest within the first year following diagnosis (HR 8.95; 95% CI, 5.43-14.74 and HR 5.25; 95% CI, 2.90-9.53, respectively). CONCLUSION: This large general population-based study indicates an increased risk of @entity583 and @entity64 in @entity1 with @entity785 , especially within the first year of diagnosis.

title: Early Cardiovascular Disease After the Diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['Systemic Sclerosis']


abstract: Formation of nonextractable residue was widely observed as a sink of @entity12472 ( @entity10664 ) in soil. However, the mechanisms by which @entity10664 binds to soil organic matter remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that neucleophilic substitution could serve an important pathway causing @entity10664 sequestration. The @entity505 bonded to the @entity3878 in @entity10664 molecule is partially positively charged due to the strong electronegativity of @entity3878 and is susceptible to the attack of nucleophiles such as @entity9308 . Since @entity17072 are relatively rare in natural soils, @entity1522 /peptides were hypothesized to act as the main nucleophiles in real environment. However, substantially @entity10664 transformation was only observed in the presence of those species containing @entity1432 functionality. Thus, we speculated that it was the @entity1432 group in @entity1522 /peptides acting as the nucleophile. @entity1568 in @entity1522 was in fact not an active nucleophile toward @entity10664 . In addition to the @entity599 -containing @entity1522 , other @entity1432 compounds, and @entity3287 were also proved to be reactive to @entity10664 . Thus, the sequestration potential of @entity10664 probably correlates to the availability of @entity1432 compounds in soil.

title: Nucleophilic substitution as a mechanism of XXXX sequestration in soil.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity17072 :: ('CHEBI:33860', 'Chemical') :: ['aromatic amines']

entities_list: @entity3878 :: ('MESH:D002713', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorine']

entities_list: @entity3287 :: ('CHEBI:26822', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfide']

answer: @entity12472 :: (MESH:D001280,Chemical) :: ['atrazine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Agents that target microtubule (MT) dynamics have been used extensively for the treatment of @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Among these agents are @entity6023 (solvent-based @entity1311 [sb- @entity1311 ], @entity1205 , and nab- @entity1311 ) and non- @entity6023 , such as eribulin and @entity19878 . Although these agents have been approved for the treatment of @entity0 , questions regarding the ideal agent, regimen (single agent vs. combination vs. sequential), and schedule still remain. This systematic review examined pivotal trials for @entity6023 , eribulin, and @entity19878 as well as first-line @entity3907 trials in @entity0 . Only randomized trials that enrolled  >=  100 @entity1 were included. Publications on combination regimens with targeted agents were excluded unless they also included a comparison between nontargeted regimens. The studies were grouped into @entity3907 versus @entity3907 , sb- @entity1311 versus non- @entity3907 , and @entity1205 versus non- @entity3907 regimens. In @entity3907 versus @entity3907 comparisons, the efficacy of sb- @entity1311 and @entity1205 appeared similar, nab- @entity1311 every 3 weeks (q3w) appeared superior to sb- @entity1311 q3w, and weekly nab- @entity1311 appeared superior to @entity1205 . In general, @entity3907 regimens demonstrated higher overall response rates (ORRs) versus non- @entity3907 regimens; however, only 2 trials demonstrated longer overall survival (OS) for @entity3907 regimens. @entity6023 will likely continue to be used in earlier lines of therapy, whereas eribulin and @entity19878 may be more appropriate for later lines of treatment. Ongoing research may identify biomarkers that could help in selecting the appropriate MT-targeted agent for a given @entity1 .

title: Use of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Putting XXXX in Perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6023 :: ('MESH:D043823', 'Chemical') :: ['taxanes', 'Taxanes']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic breast cancer', 'MBC']

entities_list: @entity19878 :: ('MESH:C430592', 'Chemical') :: ['ixabepilone']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity6023 :: (MESH:D043823,Chemical) :: ['Taxanes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to identify genetic variants predisposing to primary hip and @entity626 ( @entity571 ) in a sample of Finnish families. METHODS: Genome wide analysis was performed using 15 independent families (279 individuals) originating from Central Finland identified as having multiple individuals with primary hip and/or knee @entity571 . Targeted re-sequencing was performed for three samples from one 33-member, four-generation family contributing most significantly to the LOD score. In addition, exome sequencing was performed in three family members from the same family. RESULTS: Genome wide linkage analysis identified a susceptibility locus on chromosome 2q21 with a multipoint LOD score of 3.91. Targeted re-sequencing and subsequent linkage analysis revealed a susceptibility insertion variant @entity71778 . It locates in a predicted strong enhancer element region with maximum LOD score 3.42 under dominant model of inheritance. Insertion creates a recognition sequence for @entity18437 and @entity9799 transcription factors. Their DNA-binding affinity is highly increased in the presence of A-allele compared to wild type null allele. CONCLUSION: A potentially novel functional @entity571 susceptibility variant was identified by targeted re-sequencing. This variant locates in a predicted regulatory site and creates a recognition sequence for @entity18437 and @entity9799 transcription factors that are predicted to play a significant role in articular cartilage homeostasis.

title: Targeted re-sequencing of linkage region on 2q21 identifies a novel functional variant for hip and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) is an increasingly common disease of the small intestine that occurs in genetically susceptible subjects by ingestion of cereal gluten proteins. Gluten is highly abundant in the modern diet and well tolerated by most individuals. In @entity1593 , however, an erroneous but highly specific, adaptive immune response is mounted toward certain parts of the gluten proteome. The resulting intestinal destruction is reversible and resolved upon removal of gluten from the diet. Post-translational modification (deamidation) of gluten peptides by @entity8265 ( @entity8265 ) is essential for the peptides to act as HLA-DQ-restricted T-cell antigens. Characteristically, deamidated gluten and the self-protein @entity8265 both become targets of highly disease specific B-cell responses. These antibodies share several peculiar characteristics despite being directed against vastly different antigens, which suggests a common mechanism of development. Importantly, no clear function has been ascribed to the antibodies and their contribution to disease may relate to their function as antigen receptors of the B cells rather than as soluble immunoglobulins. Adaptive immunity against gluten and @entity8265 appears not to be sufficient for establishment of the disease lesion, and it has been suggested that stress responses in the intestinal epithelium are essential for the development of full-blown disease and @entity3145 . In this review we will summarize current concepts of the immune pathology of @entity1593 with particular focus on recent advances in our understanding of disease specific B-cell responses.

title: XXXX : Autoimmunity in response to food antigen.

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['Celiac disease', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['tissue damage']

answer: @entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['Celiac disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity137 ( @entity137 ) from @entity712 ( @entity712 ) therapy are frequent; however, techniques to identify at-risk @entity1 are inadequate. Furthermore, the relationship between @entity137 , quality of life (QOL), and cardiac structure are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: 151 symptomatic @entity1 with systolic @entity712 were followed for a mean of 10 months. In this post hoc analysis, treatment-related @entity137 included @entity810 , @entity1296 , @entity9680 / @entity4144 , @entity551 , and @entity1163 . At 1 year, 21 treatment-related @entity137 occurred. No difference in @entity137 existed between the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)-guided arm and the standard of care arm (P  = .20). At baseline, @entity1 who suffered @entity137 were less likely to be receiving beta-blockers (85.7% vs 97.7%; P  = .009) and had worse functional class and lower @entity2865 levels. @entity1 who experienced @entity137 had less improvement in their Minnesota Living With @entity712 Questionnaire scores and had a trend toward reduced echocardiographic reverse remodeling over the follow-up period. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to develop a risk score for SAE prediction; @entity1 in the highest risk quartile had the shortest time to first cardiovascular event (P  = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: NT-proBNP-guided @entity712 care is safe. Experiencing treatment-related @entity137 is associated with worse QOL and potentially reduced reverse remodeling. A risk score to prospectively predict @entity137 in aggressive @entity712 management was developed.

title: Characterization and Prediction of Adverse Events From Intensive @entity712 Management and Effect on Quality of Life: Results From the Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Outpatient-Tailored XXXX Therapy (PROTECT) Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'Heart Failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Serious adverse events', 'SAEs']

entities_list: @entity2865 :: ('CHEBI:17996', 'Chemical') :: ['chloride']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Chronic Heart Failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity137 ( @entity137 ) from @entity712 ( @entity712 ) therapy are frequent; however, techniques to identify at-risk @entity1 are inadequate. Furthermore, the relationship between @entity137 , quality of life (QOL), and cardiac structure are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: 151 symptomatic @entity1 with systolic @entity712 were followed for a mean of 10 months. In this post hoc analysis, treatment-related @entity137 included @entity810 , @entity1296 , @entity9680 / @entity4144 , @entity551 , and @entity1163 . At 1 year, 21 treatment-related @entity137 occurred. No difference in @entity137 existed between the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)-guided arm and the standard of care arm (P  = .20). At baseline, @entity1 who suffered @entity137 were less likely to be receiving beta-blockers (85.7% vs 97.7%; P  = .009) and had worse functional class and lower @entity2865 levels. @entity1 who experienced @entity137 had less improvement in their Minnesota Living With @entity712 Questionnaire scores and had a trend toward reduced echocardiographic reverse remodeling over the follow-up period. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to develop a risk score for SAE prediction; @entity1 in the highest risk quartile had the shortest time to first cardiovascular event (P  = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: NT-proBNP-guided @entity712 care is safe. Experiencing treatment-related @entity137 is associated with worse QOL and potentially reduced reverse remodeling. A risk score to prospectively predict @entity137 in aggressive @entity712 management was developed.

title: Characterization and Prediction of Adverse Events From Intensive XXXX Management and Effect on Quality of Life: Results From the Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Outpatient-Tailored @entity712 Therapy (PROTECT) Study.

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Chronic Heart Failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of lanreotide Autogel on @entity1 -reported outcomes and association with biochemical control, using PRIMARYS data. METHODS: PRIMARYS was a 1-year, open-label study of lanreotide Autogel (Depot in USA) 120  mg every 4  weeks in 90 treatment-na  ve @entity1 with @entity2012 . Symptoms were assessed using @entity1 -assessed @entity2012 Symptom Questionnaire (PASQ) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the AcroQoL questionnaire. Correlations between PASQ and AcroQoL scores, and between PASQ/AcroQoL and @entity2124 (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 ( @entity442 ) levels were also evaluated (post hoc). RESULTS: @entity1109 and HRQoL significantly improved from week  12 to week  48, with modest correlations at week 48 between PASQ total score (R  =  -0.55, p  <  0.0001) and AcroQoL global and physical scores (R  =  -0.67, p  <  0.0001). Approximately 60  % of @entity1 achieved a @entity1987 ( @entity1987 ; improvement >50  % of baseline standard deviation) in PASQ total score and >40  % achieved a @entity1987 in AcroQoL global score (post hoc). Changes in PASQ scores were similar in biochemically controlled ( @entity2124 levels  <=2.5   g/L and normal @entity442 levels) and uncontrolled groups, while changes in global and psychological AcroQoL scores were greater in the controlled group. There was no correlation between changes in PASQ or AcroQoL scores and changes in @entity2124 or @entity442 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Primary treatment with lanreotide Autogel over 1  year was associated with rapid and sustained improvements in clinical signs and symptoms and HRQoL in @entity1 with @entity2012 . Improvements in HRQoL, but not symptoms, were greater in those achieving biochemical control (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00690898; EudraCT: 2007-000155-34).

title: Effects of lanreotide Autogel primary therapy on symptoms and quality-of-life in XXXX : data from the PRIMARYS study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1987 :: ('MESH:D009402', 'Disease') :: ['minimal important difference', 'MID']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Acromegaly symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly', 'Acromegaly']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chromosomal translocations are considered as causal in approximately 20% of @entity5 . Therefore, understanding their mechanisms of formation is crucial in the prevention of @entity105 . The first step of translocation formation is the concomitant occurrence of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in two different chromosomes. DSBs can be repaired by different repair mechanisms, including @entity13563 (HR), potentially error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and the highly mutagenic alternative end joining (alt-EJ) pathways. Regulation of DNA repair pathway choice is crucial to avoid genomic instability. In @entity375 , DSBs are mobile and can scan the entire nucleus to be repaired in specialized DNA repair centers or if they are persistent, in order to associate with the nuclear pores or the nuclear envelope where they can be repaired by specialized repair pathways. DSB mobility is limited in mammals; therefore, raising the question of whether the position at which a DSB occurs influences its repair. Here, we review the recent literature addressing this question. We first present the reports describing the extent of DSB mobility in @entity1 cells. In a second part, we discuss the consequences of non-random gene positioning on chromosomal translocations formation. In the third part, we discuss the mobility of heterochromatic DSBs in light of our recent data on DSB repair at the nuclear lamina, and finally, we show that DSB repair compartmentalization at the nuclear periphery is conserved from @entity375 to mammals, further pointing to a role for gene positioning in the outcome of DSB repair. When regarded as a whole, the different studies reviewed here demonstrate the importance of nuclear architecture on DSB repair and reveal gene positioning as an important parameter in the study of tumorigenesis.

title: DSB (Im)mobility and DNA Repair Compartmentalization in XXXX Cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity13563 :: ('MESH:C535296', 'Disease') :: ['error-free homologous recombination']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Mammalian']


abstract: BACKGROUND: General practitioners (GPs) often feel uncomfortable when @entity1 request an antibiotic when there is likely little benefit. This study evaluates the effect of access to point-of-care tests on decreasing the prescription of antibiotics in @entity1729 in subjects who explicitly requested an antibiotic prescription. METHODS: Spanish GPs registered all cases of @entity1729 over a 3-week period before and after an intervention undertaken in 2008 and 2009. @entity1 with acute @entity1244 , @entity55 , and exacerbations of @entity1030 were excluded. Two types of interventions were performed: the full intervention group received prescriber feedback with discussion of the results of the first registry, courses for GPs, guidelines, @entity1 information leaflets, workshops, and access to point-of-care tests (rapid streptococcal antigen detection test and C-reactive protein test); and the partial intervention group underwent all of the above interventions except for the workshop and access to point-of-care tests. RESULTS: A total of 210 GPs were assigned to the full intervention group and 71 to the partial intervention group. A total of 25,479 subjects with @entity1729 were included, of whom 344 (1.4%) requested antibiotic prescribing. Antibiotics were more frequently prescribed to subjects requesting them compared with those who did not (49.1% vs 18.5%, P < .001). In the group of GPs assigned to the partial intervention group, 53.1% of subjects requesting antibiotics received a prescription before and 60% after the intervention, without statistical differences being observed. In the group of GPs assigned to the full intervention group, the percentages were 55.1% and 36.2%, respectively, with a difference of 18.9% (95% CI: 6.4%-30.6%, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Access to point-of-care tests reduces antibiotic use in subjects who explicitly request an antibiotic prescription.

title: Access to Point-of-Care Tests Reduces the Prescription of Antibiotics Among Antibiotic-Requesting Subjects With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['Respiratory Tract Infections']


abstract: @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) is a chronic @entity409 that is increasing in prevalence with the worldwide epidemic of @entity28 . @entity1561 is the hepatic manifestation of the @entity209 . The term @entity1561 describes a spectrum of liver pathology ranges from simple @entity1560 to @entity1560 with @entity32 and even @entity82 . @entity209 and @entity1561 also predict @entity157 . Many genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to contribute to the development of @entity28 and @entity1561 , but the exact mechanisms are not known. Intestinal ecosystem contains trillions of microorganisms including bacteria, Archaea, @entity375 and viruses. Several studies support the relationship between the intestinal microbial changes and @entity28 and also its complications, including insulin resistance and @entity1561 . Given that the gut and liver are connected by the portal venous system, it makes the liver more vulnerable to translocation of bacteria, bacterial products, endotoxins or secreted cytokines. Altered intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) may stimulate hepatic fat deposition through several mechanisms: regulation of gut permeability, increasing low-grade @entity32 , modulation of dietary @entity1877 metabolism, regulation of @entity6741 metabolism and producing endogenous @entity1068 . Regulation of intestinal microbial ecosystem by diet modifications or by using probiotics and prebiotics as a treatment for @entity28 and its complications might be the issue of further investigations.

title: @entity28 , XXXX and intestinal microbiota.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'inflammation nonalcoholic steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatosis']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disorder']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acid']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome', 'Metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['fatty liver disease']


abstract: @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) is a chronic @entity409 that is increasing in prevalence with the worldwide epidemic of @entity28 . @entity1561 is the hepatic manifestation of the @entity209 . The term @entity1561 describes a spectrum of liver pathology ranges from simple @entity1560 to @entity1560 with @entity32 and even @entity82 . @entity209 and @entity1561 also predict @entity157 . Many genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to contribute to the development of @entity28 and @entity1561 , but the exact mechanisms are not known. Intestinal ecosystem contains trillions of microorganisms including bacteria, Archaea, @entity375 and viruses. Several studies support the relationship between the intestinal microbial changes and @entity28 and also its complications, including insulin resistance and @entity1561 . Given that the gut and liver are connected by the portal venous system, it makes the liver more vulnerable to translocation of bacteria, bacterial products, endotoxins or secreted cytokines. Altered intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) may stimulate hepatic fat deposition through several mechanisms: regulation of gut permeability, increasing low-grade @entity32 , modulation of dietary @entity1877 metabolism, regulation of @entity6741 metabolism and producing endogenous @entity1068 . Regulation of intestinal microbial ecosystem by diet modifications or by using probiotics and prebiotics as a treatment for @entity28 and its complications might be the issue of further investigations.

title: XXXX , @entity409 and intestinal microbiota.

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Obesity']


abstract: AIM: To conduct a meta-analysis comparing laparoscopic (LGD2) and open D2 gastrectomies (OGD2) for the treatment of advanced @entity356 (AGC). METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs comparing LGD2 with OGD2 for AGC treatment, published between 1 January 2000 and 12 January 2013, were identified in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Primary endpoints included operative outcomes (operative time, intraoperative @entity190 , and conversion rate), postoperative outcomes (postoperative analgesic consumption, time to first ambulation, time to first flatus, time to first oral intake, postoperative hospital stay length, postoperative morbidity, incidence of reoperation, and postoperative mortality), and oncologic outcomes (the number of lymph nodes harvested, @entity5 recurrence and @entity3 , disease-free rates, and overall survival rates). The Cochrane Collaboration tools and the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale were used to assess the quality and risk of bias of RCTs and non-RCTs in the study. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the incidence rate of various postoperative morbidities as well as recurrence and @entity3 patterns. A Begg's test was used to evaluate the publication bias. RESULTS: One RCT and 13 non-RCTs totaling 2596 @entity1 were included in the meta-analysis. LGD2 in comparison to OGD2 showed lower intraoperative @entity190 [ @entity353 ( @entity353 ) = -137.87 mL, 95%CI: -164.41--111.33; P < 0.01], lower analgesic consumption ( @entity353 = -1.94, 95%CI: -2.50--1.38; P < 0.01), shorter times to first ambulation ( @entity353 = -1.03 d, 95%CI: -1.90--0.16; P < 0.05), flatus ( @entity353 = -0.98 d, 95%CI: -1.30--0.66; P < 0.01), and oral intake ( @entity353 = -0.85 d, 95%CI: -1.67--0.03; P < 0.05), shorter hospitalization ( @entity353 = -3.08 d, 95%CI: -4.38--1.78; P < 0.01), and lower postoperative morbidity (odds ratio = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.61-0.99; P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between LGD2 and OGD2 for the following criteria: reoperation incidence, postoperative mortality, number of harvested lymph nodes, @entity5 recurrence/ @entity3 , or three- or five-year disease-free and overall survival rates. However, LGD2 had longer operative times ( @entity353 = 57.06 min, 95%CI: 41.87-72.25; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Although a technically demanding and time-consuming procedure, LGD2 may be safe and effective, and offer some advantages over OGD2 for treatment of locally AGC.

title: Laparoscopic vs open D2 gastrectomy for locally advanced XXXX : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['WMD', 'weighted mean difference']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: This study aimed to analyze trends in the 10 leading causes of @entity204 in Korea from 1983 to 2012. Death rates were derived from the Korean Statistics Information Service database and age-adjusted to the 2010 population. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify the points when statistically significant changes occurred in the trends. Between 1983 and 2012, the age-standardized @entity204 rate (ASR) from all causes decreased by 61.6% for @entity1 and 51.2% for @entity1 . ASRs from @entity5 , @entity6 , and transport accidents increased initially before decreasing. ASRs from @entity101 diseases, @entity299 , @entity66 and @entity409 showed favorable trends (ASR % change: -94.4%, -53.8%, -76.0%, and -78.9% for @entity1 , and -77.1%, -36.5%, -67.8%, and -79.9% for @entity1 , respectively). ASRs from @entity55 decreased until the mid-1990s and thereafter increased. ASRs from intentional self-harm increased persistently since around 1990 (ASR % change: 122.0% for @entity1 and 217.4% for @entity1 ). In conclusion, @entity204 rates from all causes in Korea decreased significantly in the last three decades except in the late 1990s. Despite the great strides made in the overall mortality, temporal trends varied widely by cause. Mortality trends for @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity55 and intentional self-harm were unfavorable.

title: Trends in the leading causes of XXXX in Korea, 1983-2012.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['diseases of the liver']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart diseases']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: There have been numerous reports on the relationship between @entity1712 and @entity13871 . The present study investigated seropositive rates of @entity13871 among healthy @entity1 with or without @entity1712 in urban and rural areas, and assessed risk factors for positive antibody test. A total of 610 healthy @entity1 , who visited health check-up (Medicheck  , Korea Association of Health Promotion), 310 from Seoul and 300 from Gyeongsangnam-do, were subjected for this study. Their serum samples were tested by ELISA with the crude antigen of @entity5603 larvae. Cross-reactions with other tissue invading helminth antigens were also investigated. Total antibody positive rate of @entity13871 was 8.7% of the 610 subjects. When the subjects were grouped into 3 by their eosinophil counts, the antibody positive rates significantly differed by the groups; 5.9% (18/306) in the group<350/  L, 10.0% (11/110) in the group 350-500/  L, and 12.4% (24/194) in the group>500/  L (P=0.028). A total of 22 serum samples cross-reacted with other tissue-invading helminth antigens. A questionnaire analysis recognized drinking @entity167 and smoking as significant risk factors of @entity13871 . In conclusion, @entity13871 antibody positive rate is correlated with eosinophil counts. It is recommended that healthy subjects with @entity1712 by routine health examination and risk factors undergo Toxocara serology by multiantigen ELISA to investigate etiology.

title: Significance of Serum Antibody Test for Toxocariasis in Healthy Healthcare Examinees with XXXX in Seoul and Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5603 :: ('6265', 'Species') :: ['Toxocara canis']

entities_list: @entity13871 :: ('MESH:D014120', 'Disease') :: ['toxocariasis']

answer: @entity1712 :: (MESH:D004802,Disease) :: ['Eosinophilia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the computed tomography (CT) features of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and solid @entity5 (SPTs) with @entity45 , and to compare them with those of unilocular @entity5 of the pancreas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by our Institutional Review Board, and informed consent was waived. We included 112 @entity788 with @entity45 on CT (16 @entity5 [nine @entity5 and seven SPTs] and 96 @entity5 [45 @entity12679 , 30 mucinous @entity5 , and 21 branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous @entity5 ]). Two radiologists reviewed the CT images in consensus to determine @entity5 location, long diameter, morphological features, wall thicknesses, ratio of wall thickness to @entity5 size, wall enhancement patterns, intratumoral contents, and accompanying findings. Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the results. RESULTS: All 16 @entity5 had perceptible walls (mean thickness, 2.7 mm; mean ratio of wall thickness to @entity5 size, 7.7%) with variable enhancement. Four @entity5 and seven SPTs had @entity548 , @entity730 , and/or mural nodules. Six CT findings were specific for @entity5 with @entity45 : a thick (> 2 mm) wall, uneven thickness of the wall, high ratio of wall thickness to @entity5 size, hyper- or hypo-attenuation of the wall in the arterial and portal phase, and heterogeneous internal contents. When three or more of the above criteria were used, 100% specificity and 87.5-92% accuracy were obtained for @entity5 with @entity45 . CONCLUSION: A combination of CT features was useful for distinguishing @entity5 with @entity45 from unilocular @entity5 of the pancreas.

title: Solid XXXX with Unilocular Cyst-Like Appearance on CT: Differentiation from Unilocular Cystic Tumors Using CT.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cystic neoplasms', 'pseudopapillary tumors', 'cystic tumors', 'neuroendocrine tumors', 'NETs', 'neoplasms', 'solid tumors']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcifications']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['unilocular cyst-like appearance']

entities_list: @entity12679 :: ('MESH:D018293', 'Disease') :: ['serous cystadenomas']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2484 Pollen ( @entity14217 ) and Astragalus genus are used in some countries for the treatment of @entity249 . OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate effects of @entity14217 and Astragalus ovinus (A.Ovinus) on fertility in healthy adult male @entity35 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six @entity35 were divided into six groups (n=6) including control and five treatment groups. @entity14217 (120, 240 and 360 mg/kg) and A.ovinus (100, 500 mg/ kg) were orally given to the treatment groups. After thirty-five days, blood samples were taken to determine serum levels of FSH, LH, @entity251 and @entity53 . Weight of testis and epididymis, sperm count, sperm motility, seminiferous tubules diameter (STD), germinal cell layer thickness (GCLT), sertoli, leydig and spermatogonia cells were also evaluated. RESULTS: @entity14217 at the of 120 and 240 mg/kg doses significantly raised the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight, sperm count, sperm motility , and @entity53 level compared to the control group (p<0.05). LH and @entity251 levels only noticeably increased at 120 mg/kg of @entity14217 (p<0.01 and p<0.001 respectively). STD increased in the three applied doses (p=0.001). A. ovinus extract at the indicated doses produced a significant reduction in the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight and sperm motility (p<0.05). Sperm count, spermatogonia, leydig cells and FSH level decreased at dose of 500 mg/kg. Furthermore, GCLT, spermatogonia cells, and serum @entity53 level increased at 100 mg/kg dose of A. ovinus. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity14217 could improve fertility factors, while A.ovinus can exhibit deleterious effects on gonad and sperm parameters in @entity35 .

title: Effects of XXXX pollen ( @entity2484 .) and Astragalus ovinus on sperm parameters and sex hormones in adult male @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity2484 :: (42345,Species) :: ['date palm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2484 Pollen ( @entity14217 ) and Astragalus genus are used in some countries for the treatment of @entity249 . OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate effects of @entity14217 and Astragalus ovinus (A.Ovinus) on fertility in healthy adult male @entity35 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six @entity35 were divided into six groups (n=6) including control and five treatment groups. @entity14217 (120, 240 and 360 mg/kg) and A.ovinus (100, 500 mg/ kg) were orally given to the treatment groups. After thirty-five days, blood samples were taken to determine serum levels of FSH, LH, @entity251 and @entity53 . Weight of testis and epididymis, sperm count, sperm motility, seminiferous tubules diameter (STD), germinal cell layer thickness (GCLT), sertoli, leydig and spermatogonia cells were also evaluated. RESULTS: @entity14217 at the of 120 and 240 mg/kg doses significantly raised the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight, sperm count, sperm motility , and @entity53 level compared to the control group (p<0.05). LH and @entity251 levels only noticeably increased at 120 mg/kg of @entity14217 (p<0.01 and p<0.001 respectively). STD increased in the three applied doses (p=0.001). A. ovinus extract at the indicated doses produced a significant reduction in the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight and sperm motility (p<0.05). Sperm count, spermatogonia, leydig cells and FSH level decreased at dose of 500 mg/kg. Furthermore, GCLT, spermatogonia cells, and serum @entity53 level increased at 100 mg/kg dose of A. ovinus. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity14217 could improve fertility factors, while A.ovinus can exhibit deleterious effects on gonad and sperm parameters in @entity35 .

title: Effects of @entity2484 pollen ( XXXX .) and Astragalus ovinus on sperm parameters and sex hormones in adult male @entity35 .

answer: @entity2484 :: (42345,Species) :: ['Phoenix dactylifera L']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2484 Pollen ( @entity14217 ) and Astragalus genus are used in some countries for the treatment of @entity249 . OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate effects of @entity14217 and Astragalus ovinus (A.Ovinus) on fertility in healthy adult male @entity35 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six @entity35 were divided into six groups (n=6) including control and five treatment groups. @entity14217 (120, 240 and 360 mg/kg) and A.ovinus (100, 500 mg/ kg) were orally given to the treatment groups. After thirty-five days, blood samples were taken to determine serum levels of FSH, LH, @entity251 and @entity53 . Weight of testis and epididymis, sperm count, sperm motility, seminiferous tubules diameter (STD), germinal cell layer thickness (GCLT), sertoli, leydig and spermatogonia cells were also evaluated. RESULTS: @entity14217 at the of 120 and 240 mg/kg doses significantly raised the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight, sperm count, sperm motility , and @entity53 level compared to the control group (p<0.05). LH and @entity251 levels only noticeably increased at 120 mg/kg of @entity14217 (p<0.01 and p<0.001 respectively). STD increased in the three applied doses (p=0.001). A. ovinus extract at the indicated doses produced a significant reduction in the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight and sperm motility (p<0.05). Sperm count, spermatogonia, leydig cells and FSH level decreased at dose of 500 mg/kg. Furthermore, GCLT, spermatogonia cells, and serum @entity53 level increased at 100 mg/kg dose of A. ovinus. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity14217 could improve fertility factors, while A.ovinus can exhibit deleterious effects on gonad and sperm parameters in @entity35 .

title: Effects of @entity2484 pollen ( @entity2484 .) and Astragalus ovinus on sperm parameters and sex hormones in adult male XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Immunosuppression can be discontinued from selected and stable @entity1 after liver transplantation resulting in spontaneous operational tolerance (SOT), although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Thus we analyzed serial liver biopsies from adult liver recipients enrolled in a prospective multi-center immunosuppression withdrawal trial employing immunophenotyping and transcriptional profiling. Liver samples were collected before the initiation of weaning, at time of rejection, or 1 and 3 years after complete drug discontinuation. Unexpectedly the tolerated grafts developed portal tract expansion with increased T cell infiltration after immunosuppression withdrawal. This was associated with transient and preferential accumulation of @entity404 (+) @entity403 (+) cells and a trend towards up-regulation of immune activation and regulatory genes, without signs of rejection. At the same time no markers of endothelial damage or activation were noted. Portal infiltrates persisted at 3 year, but were characterized by decreased expression of genes associated with @entity1200 . Furthermore SOT was not associated with a progressive @entity1575 up to five years. These data suggest that SOT involves several mechanisms: a long-lasting local immune cell persistence with a transient regulatory T cells accumulation followed by a down-regulation of immune activated genes over years. These results have important implications for designs and follow-up of weaning trials. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Hepatic infiltrates in operational tolerant XXXX after liver transplantation show enrichment of regulatory T cells before proinflammatory genes are down-regulated.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['chronic immunological damage']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity5 are rare and exhibit a broad spectrum of phenotypic heterogeneity. The objective of this study was to investigate prognostic factors in @entity1 with @entity189 and review the results in light of other reports. We retrospectively reviewed 40 @entity1 with primary @entity189 who were diagnosed and treated at our institution between 1991 and 2014. Of the 40 @entity5 , 19 (47.5%) were @entity3975 , 11 (27.5%) were @entity2347 , 7 (17.5%) were @entity3981 , 2 (5.0%) were @entity189 and 1 (2.5%) was a @entity957 . Clinically positive lymph nodes were present in 4 @entity1 (10.0%). As regards clinical stage, 15 cases (37.5%) were stage I, 13 (32.5%) were stage II, 1 (2.5%) was stage III and 11 (27.5%) were stage IVA. The majority of the @entity1 (97.5%) were treated with surgery, of whom 25 (62.5%) received surgery alone and 14 (35.0%) underwent surgery in combination with chemotherapy or chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The median follow-up time for all the @entity1 was 48 months. The disease-specific survival rate at 5 years was 87.1%. We identified a significant correlation between poor survival rate and histological grade (intermediate/high), @entity5 size (T3/T4), lymph node @entity3 (node-positive) and clinical stage (III/IV) using the Kaplan-Meier method (P<0.05 for each). In addition, the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis confirmed that lymph node @entity3 and @entity5 size were independent prognostic factors for disease-specific survival (hazard ratio = 18.7 and 15.1, respectively; P=0.023 and 0.037, respectively). Furthermore, @entity5 size was found to be a predictive factor regarding recurrence in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio = 8.35; P=0.025). Our results suggest that lymph node @entity3 and @entity5 size are significant prognostic factors for @entity1 with @entity189 .

title: Clinicopathological analysis of XXXX and literature review.

entities_list: @entity3975 :: ('MESH:D018277', 'Disease') :: ['mucoepidermoid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Malignant salivary gland tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['myoepithelial carcinomas', 'salivary gland carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3981 :: ('MESH:D018267', 'Disease') :: ['acinic cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['salivary gland carcinomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are now routinely used for gene identification in @entity74 . Setting up cost-efficient NGS projects and managing the large amount of variants remains, however, a challenging job. Here we provide insights in the decision-making processes before and after the use of NGS in gene identification studies. Genetic factors are thought to have a role in ~70% of all @entity302 , and a variety of inheritance patterns have been described for @entity410 -associated gene defects. We therefore chose @entity302 as disease model and selected 35 NGS studies that focused on @entity1 with a @entity74 . The strategies used for gene identification and their respective outcomes were reviewed. High-throughput NGS strategies have led to the identification of several new @entity302 -causing genes, enlarging our knowledge on both known and novel pathomechanisms. NGS findings have furthermore extended the awareness of phenotypical and genetic heterogeneity. By discussing recent studies we illustrate: (I) the power of NGS for gene identification in @entity74 , (II) the accelerating pace in which this field evolves, and (III) the considerations that have to be made when performing NGS studies. Nonetheless, the enormous rise in gene discovery over the last decade, many @entity1 and families included in gene identification studies still remain without a molecular diagnosis; hence, further genetic research is warranted. On the basis of successful NGS studies in @entity302 , we discuss general approaches to guide @entity1 geneticists and clinicians in setting up cost-efficient gene identification NGS studies.European Journal of @entity1 Genetics advance online publication, 25 November 2015; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2015.251.

title: Lessons learned from gene identification studies in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsies', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Mendelian epilepsy disorder', 'Mendelian disorders']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Mendelian epilepsy disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly used technique for the treatment of stress @entity322 (SUI) in @entity1 is the suburethral @entity7502 sling, using either a retropubic or transobturator tape approach This treatment results in a cure rate of over 80%, based on both subjective and objective evaluations. @entity10204 have been largely abandoned due to lack of efficacy. Despite the high success rates, 10-20% of @entity1 remain incontinent. Cell-based therapy might offer solutions for the future both for the primary setting as for the treatment of failures. Preclinical studies suggest that stem cells (SC) can enhance the recovery of damaged tissue either by direct integration and replacement of damaged tissue (differentiation) or by secreting factors that influence host response mechanisms (paracrine effect). The clinical data to date do not allow strong efficacy conclusions, except that SC therapy seems to be safe in the short term. Most published studies use autologous cells. Allogeneic cell sources need to be investigated as well to allow ready-to-use solutions in the future. Most importantly, we need better insight into the mechanisms of action. We need more basic stem cell research, better acute and chronic animal models, better investigational tools and more efforts using tissue engineering approach.

title: Slings for XXXX and the application of cell-based therapy.

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity10204 :: ('MESH:D021081', 'Disease') :: ['Biological slings']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Fc gamma receptors (FcyRs) are the members of the immunoglobulin superfamily and may play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity2521 . Genetic variation in these receptors and its link with various forms of @entity2521 is being studied in different populations. The aim of the present study is to determine whether specific FcyRIIa, FcyRIIIa, and FcyRIIIb alleles and/or genotypes are associated with risk for susceptibility to generalized @entity7278 (GCP) in South Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 120 South Indian subjects; 60 with GCP and 60 periodontally healthy. @entity3141 ( @entity3141 ) was extracted from samples collected by scrapping buccal epithelium. FcyRIIa and FcyRIIIa genotyping were performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of @entity3141 with allele-specific primers followed by allele-specific restriction digestion of the products. However, FcyRIIIb genotyping was done by allele-specific PCR. RESULTS: No significant difference in the distribution of FcyRIIa H/R and FcyRIIIa NA1/NA2 genotypes or their respective alleles was observed in GCP @entity1 and healthy subjects. For FcyRIIIa F/V genetic polymorphism, the homozygous V/V genotype and V allele were significantly overrepresented in GCP @entity1 while F/F genotype and F allele in controls. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that FcyRIIIa V/V genotype, as well as V allele, could be a possible risk factor for @entity7278 in South Indian population.

title: Association of Fc gamma-receptors IIa, IIIa, and IIIb genetic polymorphism with susceptibility to XXXX in South Indian population.

entities_list: @entity3141 :: ('CHEBI:16991', 'Chemical') :: ['DNA', 'Deoxyribonucleic acid']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

answer: @entity7278 :: (MESH:D055113,Disease) :: ['chronic periodontitis']


abstract: AIM: This study aimed at evaluating the anti-microbial activity of spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum on @entity3288 isolated from @entity527 from @entity7278 @entity1 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Written informed consent was obtained from each subject enrolled in the study. The Institutional Ethics Committee granted the ethical clearance for the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 20 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity7278 . Pooled @entity527 samples were collected using sterile curettes from the deepest sites of periodontal pockets. The collected samples were then transported in 1 mL of reduced transport fluid. The organisms were cultured and confirmed. These organisms were then used for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) procedure. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Mean of the MIC value obtained was calculated. RESULTS: Thirteen out of the 20 clinical samples were tested that showed sensitivity at various concentrations. Five samples showed sensitivity at all concentrations. Twelve samples showed sensitivity at 8 mcg/ml. Eleven samples showed sensitivity at 4 mcg/ml, 8 samples showed sensitivity at 2 mcg/ml, and 5 samples showed sensitivity even at 1 mcg/ml. Mean MIC value of G. lucidum spore powder for @entity3288 obtained was 3.62 mcg/ml. CONCLUSION: G. lucidum with its multipotential bioactivity could be used as an anti-microbial, in conjunction with conventional therapy in periodontal disease.

title: Evaluation of anti-microbial activity of spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum on clinical isolates of XXXX : A pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['subgingival plaque']

entities_list: @entity3288 :: ('28131', 'Species') :: ['P. intermedia', 'Prevotella intermedia']

answer: @entity3288 :: (28131,Species) :: ['Prevotella intermedia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The combination of major @entity299 ( @entity299 ) and prematurity is associated with poor prognosis, but previous studies have not fully characterized morbidity and mortality in this population. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of very low birth weight (VLBW) @entity1 with major @entity299 to describe outcomes, including mortality, over time. METHODS: We included all @entity1 <1500g birth weight with major @entity299 discharged from Pediatrix Medical Group neonatal intensive care units from 1997 to 2012. We report incidences of major @entity299 in VLBW @entity1 and compare mortality and morbidity by @entity1 birth weight, type of major @entity299 , and time period. RESULTS: Of 105,539 VLBW @entity1 , 299 (0.3%) were diagnosed with 15 different major CHDs. @entity1498 (n=67, 22%), @entity474 (n=58, 19%), and tetralogy of Fallot (n=53, 18%) were the most common major CHDs identified. Overall mortality was 163/299 (55%). Mortality was >= 70% for 10 lesions and <30% for isolated @entity472 (6/30, 20%). Mortality in @entity1 with major @entity299 did not significantly change over time: 76/133 (57%) in 1997-2005, 49/95 (52%) in 2006-2009, and 38/71 (54%) in 2010-2012 (p=0.70). The majority of @entity1 suffered >= 1 comorbidity or died (218/299, 73%). CONCLUSION: Major @entity299 is associated with high morbidity and mortality. While mortality varies by lesion, overall survival and incidence of major morbidity have not improved over time.

title: Clinical outcomes in very low birth weight XXXX with major congenital heart defects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity474 :: ('MESH:C562831', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['Coarctation of the aorta']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve stenosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for early-stage @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) are subject to locoregional and distant recurrence, as well as the formation of second @entity2 (SPLCs). The optimal surveillance regimen for @entity1 treated with SBRT for early-stage @entity1149 remains unclear; we therefore investigated the posttreatment recurrence patterns and development of SPLCs. METHODS: Three hundred sixty-six @entity1 with pathologically proven inoperable early-stage @entity1149 treated with SBRT between 2006 and 2013 were assessed. @entity1 underwent a computed tomographic (CT) scan of the chest every 3 months during years 1 and 2, every 6 months during years 3 and 4, and annually thereafter. Competing risk analysis was used for all time-to-event analyses. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 23 months, the 2-year cumulative incidence of local, nodal, and distant treatment failures were 12.2%, 16.1%, and 15.5%, respectively. In @entity1 with disease progression after SBRT (n  = 108), 84% (n  = 91) of cases occurred within the first 2 years. Five percent (n  = 19) of @entity1 experienced SPLCs. The median time to development of an SPLC was 16.5 months (range, 6.5-71.1 months), with 33% (n  = 6) of these @entity1 experiencing SPLCs after 2 years. None of the never smokers, but 4% of former @entity286 smokers and 15% of current @entity286 smokers, experienced an SPLC (P  = .005). CONCLUSION: Close monitoring with routine CT scans within the first 2 years after SBRT is effective in detecting early disease progression. In contrast, the risk for the development of an SPLC remains elevated beyond 2 years, particularly in former and current smokers.

title: Recurrence Patterns and Second Primary XXXX After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Implications for Surveillance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['primary lung cancers']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung Cancers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among natural conceptions, advanced maternal age (>= 35 years) is associated with an increased risk of @entity600 . However, few studies have specifically examined this association in births resulting from @entity52 ( @entity52 ). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 97   288 singleton and 40   961 twin pregnancies resulting from fresh non-donor @entity52 cycles using 2006-10 data from the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Online Reporting System. RESULTS: Rates of very early preterm (<28), early preterm (<32), and @entity600 (<37 completed weeks) decreased with increasing maternal age in both singleton and twin births (PTrend <0.01). With @entity1 aged 30-34 years as the reference, those aged <30 years were at an increased risk of all types of preterm births. The adjusted odd ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) for very early @entity600 , early @entity600 , and @entity600 in @entity1 aged 25-29 years were 1.3 [95% CI 1.1, 1.5], 1.2 [95% CI 1.1, 1.4], and 1.1 [95% CI 1.02, 1.2] in singletons. This increased risk of preterm births among younger @entity1 was even more significant in twin births. However, @entity1 aged >= 35 years were not at an increased risk of any type of preterm births in both singleton and twin births. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to natural conception, advanced maternal age is not associated with an increased risk of preterm births in pregnancies conceived by @entity52 . @entity1 who seek @entity52 treatments before 30 years old are at higher risk of all stages of preterm births.

title: Maternal age and preterm births in singleton and twin pregnancies conceived by XXXX in the United States.

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilisation']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

answer: @entity52 :: (MESH:C566179,Disease) :: ['in vitro fertilisation']