abstract: Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recently found to alter the @entity5 condition. However their exact role in @entity5 development is not yet fully unraveled. MSCs were established to perform many of their actions through paracrine effect. Thus investigation of MSC secretome interaction with @entity5 cells may provide important information for scientists who are attempting to apply stem cells in the treatment of the disease. In this study we investigated the effect of @entity1 Wharton's jelly derived MSC (WJ-MSCs) secretome on proliferation, apoptotic potential of A549 @entity2 cells, and their response to the chemotherapeutic agent @entity632 . WJ-MSCs were isolated from @entity1 umbilical cord and then characterized according to the International Society for Cellular Therapy criteria and WJ-MSC secretome was collected. @entity1603 cell proliferation assay and @entity4404 -PI staining were used for the evaluation of cytotoxic and proapoptotic effects of WJ-MSC secretome on A549 cells. WJ-MSC secretome neither induced @entity2 cells nor affected the apoptotic potential of the @entity5 cells. We also studied the combinatorial effect of WJ-MSC secretome and the anticancer drug doxorubicinwhich showed no induction of drug resistance when A549 cells was treated with combination of WJ-MSC secretome and @entity632 . Although MSCs did not show antitumor properties, our in vitro results showed that MSC secretome was not tumorigenic and also did not make @entity2 cells resistant to @entity632 . Thus MSC secretome could be considered safe for other medical purposes such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and @entity792 which may exist or occur in @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Effect of XXXX Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cell secretome on proliferation, apoptosis and drug resistance of @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIM: To examine the usefulness of a new tapered @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) in @entity1 with unresectable malignant hilar @entity1448 . METHODS: This new tapered @entity1702 was placed in 11 @entity1 with Bismuth II or severer unresectable malignant hilar @entity1448 , as a prospective study. The subjects were six @entity1 with @entity1126 , three with @entity1086 , and two with metastatic @entity1448 . @entity850 morphology was Bismuth II: 7, IIIa: 3, and IV: 1. UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000004758). RESULTS: @entity1702 placement was 100% (11/11) successful. There were no procedural accidents. The mean patency period was 208.401 d, the median survival period was 142.000 d, and the mean survival period was 193.273 d. Occlusion rate was 36.4% (4/11); the causes of occlusion were ingrowth and overgrowth in 2 @entity1 each, 18.2%, respectively. @entity1 with occlusion underwent endoscopic treatment one more time and all were treatable. CONCLUSION: The tapered @entity1702 proved useful in @entity1 with unresectable malignant hilar @entity1448 because it provided a long patency period, enabled re-treatment by re-intervention, and no procedural accidents occurred.

title: New tapered @entity1702 for unresectable malignant hilar XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1126 :: ('MESH:D001650', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['metallic stent', 'MS']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['Stenosis']

answer: @entity1448 :: (MESH:D002779,Disease) :: ['bile duct obstruction']


abstract: AIM: To examine the usefulness of a new tapered @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) in @entity1 with unresectable malignant hilar @entity1448 . METHODS: This new tapered @entity1702 was placed in 11 @entity1 with Bismuth II or severer unresectable malignant hilar @entity1448 , as a prospective study. The subjects were six @entity1 with @entity1126 , three with @entity1086 , and two with metastatic @entity1448 . @entity850 morphology was Bismuth II: 7, IIIa: 3, and IV: 1. UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000004758). RESULTS: @entity1702 placement was 100% (11/11) successful. There were no procedural accidents. The mean patency period was 208.401 d, the median survival period was 142.000 d, and the mean survival period was 193.273 d. Occlusion rate was 36.4% (4/11); the causes of occlusion were ingrowth and overgrowth in 2 @entity1 each, 18.2%, respectively. @entity1 with occlusion underwent endoscopic treatment one more time and all were treatable. CONCLUSION: The tapered @entity1702 proved useful in @entity1 with unresectable malignant hilar @entity1448 because it provided a long patency period, enabled re-treatment by re-intervention, and no procedural accidents occurred.

title: New tapered XXXX for unresectable malignant hilar @entity1448 .

answer: @entity1702 :: (MESH:D013651,Disease) :: ['metallic stent']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The standard approach to vascular @entity130 involves arterial exposure and reconstruction using either a vein or @entity736 graft. We have developed a novel technique to repairing @entity1317 by deploying commercially available vascular stents through an open approach, thus eliminating the need for suture @entity254 . The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, stent deployment time (SDT), and stent patency of this technique in a ewe @entity1317 model. METHODS: After proximal and distal control, a 2-cm superficial femoral arterial segment was resected in 8 Dorper ewes to simulate an @entity1317 . Two stay sutures were placed in the 3- and 9-o'clock positions of the transected arterial ends to prevent further retraction. Ten milliliters of 10-IU/mL heparinized saline was flushed proximally and distally. An arteriotomy was then created 2.5 cm from the transected distal end through which we deployed Gore Viabahn stents with a 20% oversize and at least 1-cm overlap with the native vessel on either end. The arteriotomy was then closed with 3 (1) interrupted 6-0 Prolene sutures. The ewes were fed @entity117 325 mg daily. Duplex was performed at 2 months postoperatively to evaluate stent patency. SDT was defined as time from stay suture placement to arteriotomy closure. RESULTS: The 8 ewes weighed a mean (SD) of 34.4 (4.3) kg. The mean (SD) superficial femoral arterial was 4.3 (0.6) mm. @entity17285 mm * 5 cm and two 6 mm * 5 cm Gore Viabahn stents were deployed. The mean (SD) SDT was 34 (19) minutes, with a trend toward less time with increasing experience (SDTmax, 60 minutes; SDTmin, 10 minutes). Duplex performed at 2 months postoperatively showed stent patency in five of eight stents. There was an association between increasing SDT and stent @entity715 . CONCLUSION: Open deployment of commercially available vascular stents to treat @entity1317 is a conceptually sound and technically feasible alternative to standard open repair. Larger studies are needed to refine this technique and minimize stent complications, which are likely technical in nature.

title: The elimination of XXXX in open @entity130 vascular reconstruction: A novel technique using an animal model.

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury', 'arterial injury', 'vascular injuries', 'arterial injuries']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The standard approach to vascular @entity130 involves arterial exposure and reconstruction using either a vein or @entity736 graft. We have developed a novel technique to repairing @entity1317 by deploying commercially available vascular stents through an open approach, thus eliminating the need for suture @entity254 . The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, stent deployment time (SDT), and stent patency of this technique in a ewe @entity1317 model. METHODS: After proximal and distal control, a 2-cm superficial femoral arterial segment was resected in 8 Dorper ewes to simulate an @entity1317 . Two stay sutures were placed in the 3- and 9-o'clock positions of the transected arterial ends to prevent further retraction. Ten milliliters of 10-IU/mL heparinized saline was flushed proximally and distally. An arteriotomy was then created 2.5 cm from the transected distal end through which we deployed Gore Viabahn stents with a 20% oversize and at least 1-cm overlap with the native vessel on either end. The arteriotomy was then closed with 3 (1) interrupted 6-0 Prolene sutures. The ewes were fed @entity117 325 mg daily. Duplex was performed at 2 months postoperatively to evaluate stent patency. SDT was defined as time from stay suture placement to arteriotomy closure. RESULTS: The 8 ewes weighed a mean (SD) of 34.4 (4.3) kg. The mean (SD) superficial femoral arterial was 4.3 (0.6) mm. @entity17285 mm * 5 cm and two 6 mm * 5 cm Gore Viabahn stents were deployed. The mean (SD) SDT was 34 (19) minutes, with a trend toward less time with increasing experience (SDTmax, 60 minutes; SDTmin, 10 minutes). Duplex performed at 2 months postoperatively showed stent patency in five of eight stents. There was an association between increasing SDT and stent @entity715 . CONCLUSION: Open deployment of commercially available vascular stents to treat @entity1317 is a conceptually sound and technically feasible alternative to standard open repair. Larger studies are needed to refine this technique and minimize stent complications, which are likely technical in nature.

title: The elimination of @entity254 in open XXXX vascular reconstruction: A novel technique using an animal model.

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of @entity460 channel blockers ( @entity1855 ) on the formation of scars in the sciatic nerve @entity254 after @entity1897 . One hundred twenty healthy, male @entity35 were selected and prepared with right @entity1930 for this study. Samples were selected at the fourth and 12th weeks, respectively, after treatment and observations were made on the nerve @entity254 healing and diameter. Image analysis and statistical processing were carried out relating to the results of the study. The diameter of the @entity254 of the treatment group at weeks 4 and 12 was noticeably smaller than the control group (P   <   0.05). In the treatment group at week 4, there were many vesicles observed in the fibroblasts' cytosol and in the control group, the fibroblasts exhibited high number of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The collagen content of the nerve scarring at week 12 in the treatment group was apparently less than the control group (P   <   0.01). The @entity460 channel blocker ( @entity1855 ) reduced the axon resistance through the @entity254 during nerve regeneration. It can effectively inhibit the formation of scarring from @entity128 . It also provided an excellent microenvironment for the regeneration of nerve fibers.

title: Inhibition of Peripheral Nerve Scarring by XXXX Antagonists, Also Known as @entity460 Channel Blockers.

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity1930 :: ('MESH:D020426', 'Disease') :: ['sciatic nerve injury']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of @entity460 channel blockers ( @entity1855 ) on the formation of scars in the sciatic nerve @entity254 after @entity1897 . One hundred twenty healthy, male @entity35 were selected and prepared with right @entity1930 for this study. Samples were selected at the fourth and 12th weeks, respectively, after treatment and observations were made on the nerve @entity254 healing and diameter. Image analysis and statistical processing were carried out relating to the results of the study. The diameter of the @entity254 of the treatment group at weeks 4 and 12 was noticeably smaller than the control group (P   <   0.05). In the treatment group at week 4, there were many vesicles observed in the fibroblasts' cytosol and in the control group, the fibroblasts exhibited high number of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The collagen content of the nerve scarring at week 12 in the treatment group was apparently less than the control group (P   <   0.01). The @entity460 channel blocker ( @entity1855 ) reduced the axon resistance through the @entity254 during nerve regeneration. It can effectively inhibit the formation of scarring from @entity128 . It also provided an excellent microenvironment for the regeneration of nerve fibers.

title: Inhibition of Peripheral Nerve Scarring by @entity460 Antagonists, Also Known as XXXX Channel Blockers.

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous screening tools have been reported to aid in diagnosing @entity698 , but have poor severity prediction and lack accurate estimation of @entity260 or total length of hospital stay (LOS). AIM: This study aims at evaluating the utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) ratio in predicting the severity of @entity698 , LOS and 30-day complication rates. METHODS: @entity1 who underwent appendicectomy over a 4-year period were evaluated. Demographics, blood results, severity of @entity698 , LOS and 30-day complications were recorded. Recommended cut-off values of NLR and @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) for severity of @entity698 were determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis. The Mann-Whitney test was performed to assess the correlations between LOS and 30-day complications with NLR. RESULTS: A total of 663 @entity1 were included in the study of which 57.3% (n = 380) were male with mean @entity1 age of 23.6 years, and 461 appendix specimens (69.6%) had simple @entity32 on histological evaluation. A NLR of >6.35 or @entity1851 of >55.6 were statistically associated with severe @entity697 , with a median of one extra hospital day admission (p < 0.0001). Mean NLR was statistically higher in @entity1 with postoperative co(13.69 for severe vs. 7.29 for @entity698 group, p = 0.016). CONCLUSION: We advocate that NLR is a useful adjunct in predicting severity of @entity698 . It aids in delineating severe @entity32 requiring surgery without substantial delay.

title: The Utility of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Severity Predictor of XXXX , Length of Hospital Stay and Postoperative Complication Rates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis', 'simple appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['Acute Appendicitis']


abstract: The need for a pretreatment staging system to accurately assess programs of therapy for the various sites and stages of childhood @entity980 has become apparent as detailed analyses of many factors affecting prognosis and treatment choices have been accomplished through the national cooperative trial, the Intergroup @entity980 Study (IRS). Initiated in 1972, the IRS has thus far used a clinicopathologic grouping system that is based heavily on therapeutic decisions, particularly on whether or not excision is accomplished and the extent of such an operation. The major problem with this and several other staging classifications now in use is that they depend on pathologic data obtained after surgical treatment has been initiated or rejected. In addition, they do not consider histologic variations of this @entity5 which may be important in estimating prognosis. The large body of clinical data now accumulated in the IRS has provided an excellent opportunity for developing a database for evaluating the International Union Against @entity5 (UICC) pretreatment staging system and also the potential for using histologic categories in the staging process. The records of 505 eligible @entity1 entered into the IRS between 1978 and 1982 were used to determine the prognostic impact of a number of pretreatment factors. These included local invasiveness of the primary @entity5 on clinical examination, @entity5 size, clinical status of regional nodes, clinical or radiologic evidence of distant metastases, and favorable or unfavorable histologic categories. A retrospective assessment of the relationship of these pretreatment observations to survival experience has been carried out. This retrospective study indicates definite prognostic significance for all of the individual factors used on the UICC system except clinical status of regional nodes. Also, these data serve as a basis for considering the possibility of including favorable v unfavorable histology in the pretreatment staging system now being tested prospectively in the ongoing IRS protocols.

title: Prognostic significance of staging factors of the UICC staging system in childhood @entity980 : a report from the Intergroup XXXX Study (IRS-II).

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['Rhabdomyosarcoma', 'rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer', 'neoplasm']

answer: @entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['Rhabdomyosarcoma']


abstract: The need for a pretreatment staging system to accurately assess programs of therapy for the various sites and stages of childhood @entity980 has become apparent as detailed analyses of many factors affecting prognosis and treatment choices have been accomplished through the national cooperative trial, the Intergroup @entity980 Study (IRS). Initiated in 1972, the IRS has thus far used a clinicopathologic grouping system that is based heavily on therapeutic decisions, particularly on whether or not excision is accomplished and the extent of such an operation. The major problem with this and several other staging classifications now in use is that they depend on pathologic data obtained after surgical treatment has been initiated or rejected. In addition, they do not consider histologic variations of this @entity5 which may be important in estimating prognosis. The large body of clinical data now accumulated in the IRS has provided an excellent opportunity for developing a database for evaluating the International Union Against @entity5 (UICC) pretreatment staging system and also the potential for using histologic categories in the staging process. The records of 505 eligible @entity1 entered into the IRS between 1978 and 1982 were used to determine the prognostic impact of a number of pretreatment factors. These included local invasiveness of the primary @entity5 on clinical examination, @entity5 size, clinical status of regional nodes, clinical or radiologic evidence of distant metastases, and favorable or unfavorable histologic categories. A retrospective assessment of the relationship of these pretreatment observations to survival experience has been carried out. This retrospective study indicates definite prognostic significance for all of the individual factors used on the UICC system except clinical status of regional nodes. Also, these data serve as a basis for considering the possibility of including favorable v unfavorable histology in the pretreatment staging system now being tested prospectively in the ongoing IRS protocols.

title: Prognostic significance of staging factors of the UICC staging system in childhood XXXX : a report from the Intergroup @entity980 Study (IRS-II).

answer: @entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']


abstract: The immunohistochemical demonstration of neurofilament (NF) polypeptide was used to identify nerves in a series of 17 @entity977 . NF-positive fibres were present in two out of five @entity21422 sited deep in the anterior lobe, in one out of five sited in the intermediate zone and in two out of seven non- @entity21422 . Such nerve fibres were often seen in relation to blood vessels. The distribution of @entity4545 immunoreactive cells was examined in 25 normal pituitaries and in 23 cases of @entity699 . Such cells were scattered throughout the normal gland and there was no increase in numbers in pregnancy. @entity4545 was demonstrated in 18 @entity21422 in @entity699 . There was no correlation with the site of the @entity5 or the presence of nerve fibres. @entity4545 cells were distributed normally in the para-adenomatous gland. Crooke's hyaline change and @entity4545 coexisted in some corticotrophs. These findings support the concept that 'intermediate lobe' function, as found in animals, has no discrete anatomical location in @entity1 .

title: A study of intermediate lobe differentiation in the XXXX pituitary gland.

entities_list: @entity21422 :: ('MESH:D049913', 'Disease') :: ['corticotroph adenomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's disease"]

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIM: @entity1988 ( @entity1988 ) is an important complication of @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). The aim is to use indication and protocol biopsies to determine clinicopathological findings and outcomes of @entity1 with @entity1988 undergoing kidney transplantation (KTx). METHODS: @entity1 who underwent KTx due to @entity1988 were retrospectively analyzed. Recurrent @entity1988 (RLN) was diagnosed by transplant kidney biopsy. RESULTS: Among 955 KTx @entity1 , 12 @entity1 with @entity1988 as the cause of @entity454 were enrolled. Five @entity1 were male. Mean follow-up time was 63        34   months. At the last follow-up visit, mean levels of serum @entity1011 and @entity644 were 137.0        69.0     mol/L and 0.26        0.26 gm/day, respectively. Eighteen indication and 22 protocol biopsies were performed; 27 of biopsies were additionally evaluated by immunofluorescence. In 2 recipients, subclinical RLN was confirmed by protocol biopsies. Clinical recurrence occurred in 4 @entity1 . Among @entity1 with RLN, time from diagnosis of @entity1988 to KTx was significantly shorter and use of ATG as induction treatment was significantly lower. @entity393 occurred in 2 recipients who had clinical RLN. Five-year overall graft survival was 85.7%. CONCLUSIONS: KTx is a reasonable option for @entity1 with @entity454 secondary to @entity1252 . However, recurrence of @entity1988 is not rare if protocol biopsies are included in posttransplantation surveillance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Recurrent XXXX after transplantation: Clinicopathological evaluation with protocol biopsies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['Lupus nephritis', 'LN']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['Graft loss']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity1988 :: (MESH:D008181,Disease) :: ['lupus nephritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: International recommendations in favor of screening for @entity281 in pregnancy are based on heterogeneous criteria. In most developed countries, the diagnosis of @entity6981 is only recommended for @entity1 with high-risk of @entity600 . The Nugent score is currently used, but molecular quantification tools have recently been reported with a high sensitivity and specificity. Their value for reducing @entity600 rates and related complications remains unexplored. This trial was designed to assess the cost-effectiveness of a systematic screen-and-treat program based on a point-of-care technique for rapid molecular diagnosis, immediately followed by an appropriate antibiotic treatment, to detect the presence of abnormal vaginal flora (specifically, Atopobium vaginae and @entity8439 ) before 20  weeks of gestation in pregnant @entity1 in France. We hypothesized that this program would translate into significant reductions in both the rate of preterm births and the medical costs associated with @entity600 . METHODS/DESIGN: A multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted in which 20 French obstetrics and gynecology centers will recruit eligible pregnant @entity1 at less than 20  weeks gestation with singleton pregnancy and with a low-risk factor for @entity600 . Interventions will include a) an experimental group that will receive a systematic rapid screen-and-treat program from a point-of-care analysis using a molecular quantification method and b) a control group that will receive usual care management. Randomization will be in a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary endpoint that will be assessed over a period of 12  months will be the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) expressed as cost per avoided @entity600 before 37  weeks. Secondary endpoints will include ICER per avoided @entity600 before 24, 28 and 32  weeks, obstetrical outcomes, neonatal outcomes, rates of treatment failure and recurrence episodes for positive @entity1 . Uncertainty surrounding these estimates will be addressed using nonparametric bootstrapping and represented using cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. A total of 6,800 pregnant @entity1 will be included. DISCUSSION: This appropriate randomized controlled design will provide insight into the cost-effectiveness and therefore the potential cost savings of a rapid screen-and-treat strategy for molecular abnormal vaginal flora in pregnant @entity1 . National and international recommendations could be updated based on the findings of this study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02288832 (registration date: 30 October 2014); Eudract: 2014-001559-22.

title: Screen-and-treat program by point-of-care of Atopobium vaginae and XXXX in preventing @entity600 (AuTop trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity8439 :: ('2702', 'Species') :: ['Gardnerella vaginalis']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal infection']

entities_list: @entity6981 :: ('MESH:D016585', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial vaginosis']

answer: @entity8439 :: (2702,Species) :: ['Gardnerella vaginalis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: International recommendations in favor of screening for @entity281 in pregnancy are based on heterogeneous criteria. In most developed countries, the diagnosis of @entity6981 is only recommended for @entity1 with high-risk of @entity600 . The Nugent score is currently used, but molecular quantification tools have recently been reported with a high sensitivity and specificity. Their value for reducing @entity600 rates and related complications remains unexplored. This trial was designed to assess the cost-effectiveness of a systematic screen-and-treat program based on a point-of-care technique for rapid molecular diagnosis, immediately followed by an appropriate antibiotic treatment, to detect the presence of abnormal vaginal flora (specifically, Atopobium vaginae and @entity8439 ) before 20  weeks of gestation in pregnant @entity1 in France. We hypothesized that this program would translate into significant reductions in both the rate of preterm births and the medical costs associated with @entity600 . METHODS/DESIGN: A multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted in which 20 French obstetrics and gynecology centers will recruit eligible pregnant @entity1 at less than 20  weeks gestation with singleton pregnancy and with a low-risk factor for @entity600 . Interventions will include a) an experimental group that will receive a systematic rapid screen-and-treat program from a point-of-care analysis using a molecular quantification method and b) a control group that will receive usual care management. Randomization will be in a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary endpoint that will be assessed over a period of 12  months will be the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) expressed as cost per avoided @entity600 before 37  weeks. Secondary endpoints will include ICER per avoided @entity600 before 24, 28 and 32  weeks, obstetrical outcomes, neonatal outcomes, rates of treatment failure and recurrence episodes for positive @entity1 . Uncertainty surrounding these estimates will be addressed using nonparametric bootstrapping and represented using cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. A total of 6,800 pregnant @entity1 will be included. DISCUSSION: This appropriate randomized controlled design will provide insight into the cost-effectiveness and therefore the potential cost savings of a rapid screen-and-treat strategy for molecular abnormal vaginal flora in pregnant @entity1 . National and international recommendations could be updated based on the findings of this study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02288832 (registration date: 30 October 2014); Eudract: 2014-001559-22.

title: Screen-and-treat program by point-of-care of Atopobium vaginae and @entity8439 in preventing XXXX (AuTop trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['preterm birth']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fever in @entity1 is one of the most common clinical symptoms and a chief complaint and a main reason that caregivers took the @entity1 to the outpatient service or admitted to hospital. Studies have found that the majority of parents surveyed at a hospital pediatric clinic held unrealistic and unwarranted concerns about fevers, first termed as ' @entity221 @entity913 ' by Schmitt in 1980. In the present study, we explore whether ' @entity221 @entity913 ' exists in Chinese caregivers and investigate whether such @entity913 is alleviated when admitted to hospital after propaganda of @entity221 related knowledge by doctors and nurses. METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to caregivers of @entity1 who visited the pediatric outpatient department and those with caregivers in the wards between June 2012 and Feb 2013 in Wenzhou, China. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 621 caregivers, 305(49  %) from the OPD and 316(51  %) from the ward. Most caregivers of the two groups (OPD vs. ward group, 75.1 vs. 74.4  %) believed @entity221 could cause @entity75 . 77.7  % (76.0 vs. 81.3  %) caregivers were very worried when their @entity1 had @entity221 and 12.8  % (14.1 vs. 11.4  %) caregivers would check the temperature within 30  min. Moreover, 68.0  % (63.0 vs. 72.8  %, P   <   0.05) caregivers would give their children antipyretics during sleep and 39.9  % (40.3 vs. 39.6  %) would administrate antipyretics when temperature was above 38    C. After admitted to hospital, 83.9  % caregivers stated to have received education about @entity221 and 96.5  % felt relieved. Less caregivers (ward group vs. OPD, 42.4 vs. 46.9  %, P   <   0.05) from ward group would give antipyretics with a temperature under 38.5    C and less (0.6 vs. 4.9  %, P   <   0.05) preferred cold sponging as physical cooling method compared to the OPD caregivers. Alarmingly, more caregivers (42.7 vs. 34.3  %, P   <   0.05) in the ward group believed @entity221 could lead to death or/and @entity2319 (17.4 vs. 10.5  %, P   <   0.05) and even 0.6  % caregivers in the ward group chose @entity117 when the @entity1 had @entity221 . CONCLUSION: 'Fever @entity913 ' also exists in Chinese caregivers. Fever related knowledge propaganda after admitted to hospital did not work effectively to improve the caregivers' understanding and management of @entity221 and an effective way to alleviate 'Fever @entity913 '.

title: Fever XXXX : a comparison survey between caregivers in the inpatient ward and caregivers at the outpatient department in a @entity1 's hospital in China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

answer: @entity913 :: (MESH:D010698,Disease) :: ['phobia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fever in @entity1 is one of the most common clinical symptoms and a chief complaint and a main reason that caregivers took the @entity1 to the outpatient service or admitted to hospital. Studies have found that the majority of parents surveyed at a hospital pediatric clinic held unrealistic and unwarranted concerns about fevers, first termed as ' @entity221 @entity913 ' by Schmitt in 1980. In the present study, we explore whether ' @entity221 @entity913 ' exists in Chinese caregivers and investigate whether such @entity913 is alleviated when admitted to hospital after propaganda of @entity221 related knowledge by doctors and nurses. METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to caregivers of @entity1 who visited the pediatric outpatient department and those with caregivers in the wards between June 2012 and Feb 2013 in Wenzhou, China. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 621 caregivers, 305(49  %) from the OPD and 316(51  %) from the ward. Most caregivers of the two groups (OPD vs. ward group, 75.1 vs. 74.4  %) believed @entity221 could cause @entity75 . 77.7  % (76.0 vs. 81.3  %) caregivers were very worried when their @entity1 had @entity221 and 12.8  % (14.1 vs. 11.4  %) caregivers would check the temperature within 30  min. Moreover, 68.0  % (63.0 vs. 72.8  %, P   <   0.05) caregivers would give their children antipyretics during sleep and 39.9  % (40.3 vs. 39.6  %) would administrate antipyretics when temperature was above 38    C. After admitted to hospital, 83.9  % caregivers stated to have received education about @entity221 and 96.5  % felt relieved. Less caregivers (ward group vs. OPD, 42.4 vs. 46.9  %, P   <   0.05) from ward group would give antipyretics with a temperature under 38.5    C and less (0.6 vs. 4.9  %, P   <   0.05) preferred cold sponging as physical cooling method compared to the OPD caregivers. Alarmingly, more caregivers (42.7 vs. 34.3  %, P   <   0.05) in the ward group believed @entity221 could lead to death or/and @entity2319 (17.4 vs. 10.5  %, P   <   0.05) and even 0.6  % caregivers in the ward group chose @entity117 when the @entity1 had @entity221 . CONCLUSION: 'Fever @entity913 ' also exists in Chinese caregivers. Fever related knowledge propaganda after admitted to hospital did not work effectively to improve the caregivers' understanding and management of @entity221 and an effective way to alleviate 'Fever @entity913 '.

title: Fever @entity913 : a comparison survey between caregivers in the inpatient ward and caregivers at the outpatient department in a XXXX 's hospital in China.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Antigestagens of RU-38.486-type were investigated in different pregnancy models reflecting either "endometrial" or "myometrial" effects. All antigestagens were found effective inhibitors of nidation in @entity840 . This was evidence for a role of embryonic @entity1420 in the earliest events of nidation. No comparable inhibition could be obtained by ovariectomy. A more complex pharmacology was found around day 43 p.c. when the abortion was brought about by expulsion. RU-38.486 had marginal activity only. Antigestagens with reduced anti-glucocorticoid activity tended to induce abortions more effectively and faster. Some antigestagen- @entity3009 combinations were found of extreme abortifacient activity. Surprisingly it seemed that anti-glucocorticoid properties in addition to (or rather than) antigestagenic activities bring about this synergism with @entity3009 . The employed @entity840 model for pregnancy termination thus characterized two types of antigestagens: ideal ones for monotherapy or combined use with @entity3009 , respectively. Antigestagens induced a highly sensitive myometrium to @entity3009 -stimulation ( @entity6002 ) and a marked softening and dilatation of the cervix. Antigestagens perfectly prime the genital tract for oxytocic stimuli, they do not overcome the arrested uterine @entity3009 -secretion of the pregnant uterus at the same time.

title: Studies on the mechanisms of action of XXXX antagonists.

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pigs', 'guinea pig']

entities_list: @entity6002 :: ('MESH:C016767', 'Chemical') :: ['Sulprostone']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['progesterone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2438 and @entity71 are regarded as distinct disorders in the current @entity4987 . However, recent research and the RDoC initiative are recognizing considerable overlap in the clinical presentation of @entity2438 , @entity71 , and other @entity245 . In spite of numerous neuroimaging findings in @entity2438 and @entity71 , the extent to which either of the above views are supported remains equivocal. Here we compare structural MRI and DTI literature in @entity2438 and @entity71 . Our main findings reveal both distinct and shared neural features. Distinct expressions were in total brain volume ( @entity2438 : increased volume, @entity71 : decreased volume), amygdala ( @entity2438 : overgrowth, @entity71 : normal), and internal capsule ( @entity2438 : unclear, @entity71 : reduced FA in DTI). Considerable overlap was noted in the corpus callosum and cerebellum (lower volume in structural MRI and decreased FA in DTI), and superior @entity3057 (reduced FA in DTI). In addition, we identify brain regions which have not been studied in depth and require more research. We discuss relationships between brain features and symptomatology. We conclude by addressing limitations of current neuroimaging research and offer approaches that account for clinical heterogeneity to better distinguish brain-behavior relationships.

title: A Comparison of Structural Brain Imaging Findings in Autism Spectrum Disorder and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental disorders']

entities_list: @entity3057 :: ('MESH:D017887', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal fasciculus']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epidemiologic studies of @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) in Eastern Europe are scarce in the literature. We report the experience of the "Ion Chiricuta" Institute of Oncology in Cluj-Napoca (IOCN), Romania, in the diagnosis and outcome of @entity1 with @entity1893 . We studied 184 consecutive @entity1893 @entity1 diagnosed in the Pathology Department of IOCN during the years 2004-2006. We also obtained epidemiological data from the Northwestern (NW) Cancer Registry. In the IOCN series, the most common @entity706 subtype was diffuse large @entity1892 (43.5%), followed by the @entity6444 /small @entity1072 (21.2%). @entity784 represented a small proportion (8.2%). The median age of the @entity1 was 57   years, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.94. @entity1 with indolent @entity1892 had the best overall survival, whereas those with @entity1073 had the worst survival. The NW Cancer Registry data showed that the occurrence of @entity1893 in the NW region of Romania was higher in @entity1 [world age-standardized incidence rate/100   000 (ASR)-5.9; 95% CI 5.1-6.6] than in @entity1 (ASR-4.1; 95% CI 3.5-4.7) with age-standardized male-to-female ratio of 1.44 (p   =   0.038). @entity6444 /small @entity1072 was the most common @entity1893 in the NW region of Romania, accounting for 43% of all cases, followed by diffuse large @entity1892 (36%). The 5-year, age-standardized cumulative relative survival for @entity1893 in the County of Cluj in NW Romania, for the period of 2006-2010, was 51.4%, with 58.4% survival for @entity1 and 43.2% for @entity1 . Additional studies of @entity1893 in Eastern Europe are needed. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: XXXX in Romania: a single-centre experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas', 'B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity6444 :: ('MESH:D015461', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukaemia', 'Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['mantle cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['Non-Hodgkin lymphoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1516 occurs after approximately 2-20% of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) procedures; it is unclear if posterior or anterior revision should be pursued. In this study, we retrospectively evaluate the outcomes in 22 @entity1 with @entity1516 following ACDF and revision via posterior cervical fusion (PCF). Baseline demographics, preoperative symptoms, operative data, time to fusion failure, symptoms of @entity1516 , and revision method were assessed. Fusion outcome and clinical outcome were determined at last follow-up (LFU). Thirteen females (59%) and 9 (41%) males experienced @entity1516 at a median of 11 (range: 3-151)months after ACDF. Median age at index surgery was 51 (range: 33-67)years. All @entity1 with @entity1516 presented with progressive @entity4048 , with median @entity227 ( @entity227 ) score of 8 (range: 0-10), and/or @entity13890 . @entity1 with @entity1516 <12months compared to >12months after index surgery were older (p=0.013), had more frequent preoperative @entity51 (p=0.064), and lower baseline @entity227 scores (p=0.006). Fusion was successful after PCF in all @entity1 , with median time to fusion of 10 (range: 2-14)months. Eighteen @entity1 fused both anteriorly and posteriorly, two @entity1 fused anteriorly only, and two @entity1 fused posteriorly only. Median @entity227 neck score at LFU significantly improved from the time of @entity1516 (p=0.012). While uncommon, @entity1516 may occur after ACDF. All @entity1 achieved successful fusion after subsequent posterior cervical fusion, with 91% fusing a previous anterior @entity1516 after posterior stabilization. @entity4048 significantly improved by LFU in the majority of @entity1 in this study.

title: Successful anterior fusion following posterior cervical fusion for revision of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual analog scale', 'VAS']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['neck pain', 'Neck pain']

entities_list: @entity13890 :: ('MESH:D020818', 'Disease') :: ['myeloradiculopathy']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['Pseudarthrosis', 'pseudarthrosis']

answer: @entity1516 :: (MESH:D011542,Disease) :: ['pseudarthrosis']


abstract: Fourteen @entity1 (15 joints) developed a foreign body reaction to @entity3677 , @entity691 , or metal adjacent to a total joint implant, a condition we would like to term @entity738 . There were eight male and six female @entity1 . Their average age was 61 years. The hip was involved in 14 joints (femoral component 11 times, acetabulum 7, and greater trochanter once). One @entity1 presented with @entity738 of the knee. The principal findings included increasing @entity158 and radiographic evidence of loosening occurring on average 2.7 years following the implant. This was followed by a characteristic and gradually developing radiographic pattern of discrete rounded lucencies. These developed into large ovoid lytic areas, destroying both @entity3677 and bone. Histologically, the appearances were characterized by histiocytic infiltration and the presence of multiple foreign body giant cells. Foreign material was identified in 9 of 11 cases. The pathogenesis is unknown but appears related to micromovement or loosening of the implant.

title: XXXX in total joint replacement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous pseudotumors']

entities_list: @entity3677 :: ('MESH:D020366', 'Chemical') :: ['methylmethacrylate']

answer: @entity738 :: (MESH:D006099,Disease) :: ['Granulomatous pseudotumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 49-year-old @entity1 was admitted for an anterior @entity583 ( @entity583 ). At hospital arrival, she presented with @entity1455 . An immediate coronary angiogram showed an occluded ostial left anterior descending artery. During percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), @entity2224 occurred requiring multiple electrical counter-shocks. The coronary artery was opened during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and two drug-eluting stents were implanted. At the end of the procedure, an Impella  CP(  ) mechanical cardiac-assist device was inserted. Rapid and marked improvement in the hemodynamic status was noted in the following days. The Impella  CP(  ) was withdrawn after five days and the @entity1 was discharged two weeks later. Despite limited data, mechanical cardiac assistance is recommended in @entity1455 . Several devices are currently available; the choice of the system is based on the clinical presentation and the experience of each center. The Impella  CP(  ) is a microaxial pump which is inserted percutaneously and delivers up to 3.5L/min of continuous flow. In @entity1455 due to @entity583 , this device allows temporary support while awaiting left ventricular recovery after primary PCI.

title: [Mechanical cardiac-assist devices in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST  segment elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['ST  segment elevation myocardial infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: "Gamma-type carbonic anhydrase-like" (CAL) proteins form part of complex I in plants. Together with " @entity71169 (CA) proteins they form an extra domain which is attached to the membrane arm of complex I on its matrix exposed side. In @entity958 two CAL and three CA proteins are present, termed @entity71170 , CAL2, @entity45994 , @entity45995 and CA3. It has been proposed that the carbonic anhydrase domain of complex I is involved in a process mediating efficient recycling of mitochondrial @entity3158 for photosynthetic @entity505 fixation which is especially important during growth conditions causing increased photorespiration. Depletion of CAL proteins has been shown to significantly affect plant development and photomorphogenesis. To better understand CAL function in plants we here investigated effects of CAL depletion on the mitochondrial compartment. In mutant lines and cell cultures complex I amount was reduced by 90-95% but levels of complexes III and V were unchanged. At the same time, some of the CA transcripts were less abundant. Proteome analysis of CAL depleted cells revealed significant reduction of complex I subunits as well as proteins associated with photorespiration, but increased amounts of proteins participating in @entity3689 catabolism and stress response reactions. @entity245 of the mutants was slightly alleviated if plants were cultivated at high @entity3158 . Profiling of selected metabolites revealed defined changes in intermediates of the @entity1792 cycle and @entity3689 catabolism. It is concluded that CAL proteins are essential for complex I assembly and that CAL depletion specifically affects central mitochondrial metabolism.

title: Depletion of the "gamma-type carbonic anhydrase-like" subunits of complex I affects central mitochondrial metabolism in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity1792 :: ('MESH:D019343', 'Chemical') :: ['citric acid']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['Developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity71169 :: ('841129(Tax:3702)', 'Gene') :: ['gamma carbonic anhydrase"']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Carrier testing is widely available for multiple genetic conditions, and several professional organizations have created practice guidelines regarding appropriate clinical application and the testing of minors. Previous research has focused on carrier screening, predictive testing, and testing for @entity1112 . However, family perspectives on carrier testing for @entity1112 have yet to be described. In this study, we explored communication within the family about carrier testing and the perspectives of mothers of sons with an @entity1112 , @entity1555 ( @entity1555 ). Twenty-five mothers of sons with @entity1555 participated in an anonymous online survey. Survey questions included multiple choice, Likert scale, and open ended, short answer questions. Analysis of the multiple choice and Likert scale questions revealed that most mothers preferred a gradual style of communication with their daughters regarding risk status. In addition, most @entity1 reported having consulted with a genetic counselor and found it helpful. Comparisons between groups, analyzed using Fisher's exact tests, found no differences in preferred style due to mother's carrier status or having a daughter. Thematic analysis was conducted on responses to open ended questions. Themes identified included the impact of family implications, age and maturity, and a desire for autonomy regarding the decision to discuss and undergo carrier testing with at-risk daughters, particularly timing of these discussions. Implications for genetic counseling practice are discussed.

title: XXXX : a Survey of Perspectives on Carrier Testing and Communication Within the Family.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy', 'DMD']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked lethal disease', 'X-linked lethal diseases', 'X-linked conditions']

answer: @entity1555 :: (MESH:D020388,Disease) :: ['Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity712 is a common cause of unplanned hospital admissions but there is little evidence on why, despite evidence-based interventions, admissions occur. This study aimed to identify critical points on @entity1 pathways where risk of admission is increased and identify barriers to the implementation of evidence-based interventions. DESIGN: Multicentre, longitudinal, @entity1 -led ethnography. SETTING: National Health Service settings across primary, community and secondary care in three geographical locations in England, UK. @entity1 : 31 @entity1 with severe or difficult to manage @entity712 followed for up to 11   months; 9 carers; 55 healthcare professionals. RESULTS: Fragmentation of healthcare, inequitable provision of services and poor continuity of care presented barriers to interventions for @entity712 . Critical points where a reduction in the risk of current or future admission occurred throughout the pathway. At the beginning some @entity1 did not receive a formal clinical diagnosis, in addition @entity1 lacked information about @entity712 , self-care and knowing when to seek help. Some clinicians lacked knowledge about diagnosis and management. Misdiagnoses of symptoms and discontinuity of care resulted in unplanned admissions. Approaching end of life, @entity1 were admitted to hospital when other options including palliative care could have been appropriate. CONCLUSIONS: Findings illustrate the complexity involved in caring for @entity1 with @entity712 . Fragmented healthcare and discontinuity of care added complexity and increased the likelihood of suboptimal management and unplanned admissions. Diagnosis and disclosure is a vital first step for the @entity1 in a journey of acceptance and learning to self-care/monitor. The need for clinician education about @entity712 and specialist services was acknowledged. @entity1 education should be seen as an ongoing 'conversation' with trusted clinicians and end-of-life planning should be broached within this context.

title: Unplanned admissions and the organisational management of XXXX : a multicentre ethnographic, qualitative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ) is the most severe form of @entity64 , but limited literature exists on readmission after @entity1779 . We aimed to assess frequencies, causes, and predictors of early and late readmissions within 1 year after @entity1779 . METHODS: All @entity1 admitted to the Department of Neurology at Haukeland University Hospital with acute @entity64 were prospectively included in the Bergen Norwegian @entity64 Research Registry (NORSTROKE) registry. Surviving @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1779 were followed by medical chart reviews for 1 year. The first unplanned readmission was used as final outcome, and readmitted @entity1 were defined as early readmitted ( <=90 days) and late readmitted (91-365 days). Logistic regression was performed to assess predictors for early and late readmission. RESULTS: Of 121 @entity1 discharged alive, 27 were early readmitted, and 17 were late readmitted. Within 1 year, 40.6% had at least 1 unplanned readmission. The most frequent cause of early readmission was infection, and the most frequent causes for late readmission were recurrent @entity64 and @entity65 . Nursing home discharge was the only independent predictor of early readmission. @entity6 and increased length of the index admission were independent predictors of late readmission. Early readmitted @entity1 were older and had more severe @entity64 and lower levels of @entity2002 on index admission compared with @entity1 who were readmitted late. CONCLUSIONS: Readmission after @entity1779 is frequent, and many @entity1 are early readmitted. Early and late readmissions differed in both causes and predictors for readmission, reflecting different underlying mechanisms for readmission.

title: Hospital Readmission after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'Intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1779 :: (MESH:D002543,Disease) :: ['Intracerebral Hemorrhage']


abstract: AIM: to determine tomography findings in optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RFNL) that may be valuable for differential diagnosis between normal-tension @entity726 (NTG) and @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Group 1 consisted of 17 @entity1 (32 eyes) with NTG, group 2--17 @entity1 (24 eyes) with @entity1781 outcome. The control group included 22 @entity1 (22 eyes) with no sighs of @entity1781 . Optic nerve head and retina assessment included scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (HRT 111) and optical coherence tomography (Stratus @entity6653 3000). Statistical analyses were performed using Statistica 10 software suite. RESULTS: Statistically significant changes in HRT parameters, namely, the mean RNFL thickness, retinal height variation along the contour line, and @entity995 discriminant function, were observed in both study groups as compared to the controls. NTG @entity1 also showed lower rim indices, larger cups, smaller values of the FSM discriminant function, and lower @entity726 ( @entity726 ) than both @entity1781 @entity1 and the controls. @entity6653 findings included a statistically significant decrease in RNFL thickness in both study groups as compared to the controls. As for the difference between the groups, it was unreliable. Quadrant comparisons of RNFL thicknesses revealed that lower quadrant RNFL thinning was more significant in NTG @entity1 , while temporal quadrant RNFL thinning--in @entity1781 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Both conditions are associated with a similar degree of RNFL thinning, as confirmed by @entity6653 , however, HRT changes are much more pronounced in NTG than in @entity1781 @entity1 .

title: [Tomography findings in optic nerve head and retina in differential diagnosis between normal-tension @entity726 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma probability score', 'glaucoma', 'GPS']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic optic neuropathy', 'optic neuropathy', 'ION']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['ischemic optic neuropathies']


abstract: AIM: to determine tomography findings in optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RFNL) that may be valuable for differential diagnosis between normal-tension @entity726 (NTG) and @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Group 1 consisted of 17 @entity1 (32 eyes) with NTG, group 2--17 @entity1 (24 eyes) with @entity1781 outcome. The control group included 22 @entity1 (22 eyes) with no sighs of @entity1781 . Optic nerve head and retina assessment included scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (HRT 111) and optical coherence tomography (Stratus @entity6653 3000). Statistical analyses were performed using Statistica 10 software suite. RESULTS: Statistically significant changes in HRT parameters, namely, the mean RNFL thickness, retinal height variation along the contour line, and @entity995 discriminant function, were observed in both study groups as compared to the controls. NTG @entity1 also showed lower rim indices, larger cups, smaller values of the FSM discriminant function, and lower @entity726 ( @entity726 ) than both @entity1781 @entity1 and the controls. @entity6653 findings included a statistically significant decrease in RNFL thickness in both study groups as compared to the controls. As for the difference between the groups, it was unreliable. Quadrant comparisons of RNFL thicknesses revealed that lower quadrant RNFL thinning was more significant in NTG @entity1 , while temporal quadrant RNFL thinning--in @entity1781 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Both conditions are associated with a similar degree of RNFL thinning, as confirmed by @entity6653 , however, HRT changes are much more pronounced in NTG than in @entity1781 @entity1 .

title: [Tomography findings in optic nerve head and retina in differential diagnosis between normal-tension XXXX and @entity1781 ].

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: An analysis of the ultrasound appearances of the prostate with its capsule and periprostatic structures was performed in 221 @entity1 with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of @entity263 . The @entity5 were histologically graded into well, moderate and poorly differentiated @entity5 . The results of this study indicate that an ill-defined hypoechoic area is the commonest appearance of @entity263 ; this was seen in 96% of our 221 @entity1 . The @entity5 were staged by ultrasound into confined (T0, T1, T2) and unconfined (T3) @entity5 . A breach of the capsule was seen in 55% of cases. In this unconfined group all @entity5 were hypoechoic in comparison with 92% in the confined group. In the confined @entity5 group the areas of abnormal echogenicity were present in more than one prostatic quadrant in 76%. Mostly commonly two prostatic quadrants were affected. The abnormal echogenicity was noted in the posterior quadrants of the prostate more commonly (58%) than in the anterior quadrants. The prostate gland appeared round in 67%, semicircular in 25% and crescentic in 8%. The gland was symmetrical in 68%. The prostatic capsule appeared regular in 86% of @entity1 with a confined @entity5 . In 70% of cases of extensive but confined @entity5 there was loss of demarcation between the central and peripheral zones of the gland. The unconfined @entity5 group all had a breach of the capsule and all glands were heterogeneous due to hypoechoic areas. The breach affected more than one quadrant in 81% and most commonly the capsular breach involved two prostatic quadrants. An anterior breach of the capsule was noted much more frequently than a posterior breach. Forty-four per cent of cases had three or four quadrants of the gland involved. In 3% of cases of proven @entity263 no definite ultrasound abnormality could be detected. Calcification was seen within the gland in association with the @entity5 in 63% with approximately equal frequency in confined and unconfined disease. The seminal vesicles showed definite evidence of infiltration in 10%. Both seminal vesicles were seen in 61% and thought to be normal. In 8% only one was seen. Failure to demonstrate either seminal vesicle occurred in 21%. There was no correlation between the ultrasound appearances of @entity263 and the histological grading of the @entity5 .

title: The ultrasound appearances of XXXX with histological correlation.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'tumour']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostatic cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intra-abdominal polymicrobial infections cause significant morbidity and mortality. An experimental @entity19 model of @entity5132 - @entity794 @entity1320 results in 100% mortality by 48-72 h post-inoculation while monomicrobial infections are avirulent. Mortality is associated with robust local and systemic @entity32 , without a requirement for @entity5132 morphogenesis. However, the contribution of virulence factors co-regulated during the @entity375 to hyphal transition is unknown. This also raised the question as to whether other Candida species that are unable to form hyphae are as virulent as @entity5132 during polymicrobial IAI. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of non-albicans Candida (NAC) species with various morphologies and @entity5132 transcription factor mutants (efg1/efg1, cph1/cph1) to induce synergistic mortality and accompanied @entity32 . Results showed that @entity794 co-inoculated with C. krusei, or @entity9841 were highly lethal similar to @entity5132 , while @entity794 - @entity18873 , - @entity7409 and - @entity7408 co-inoculations resulted in little to no mortality. Local and systemic IL-6 and @entity1421 were significantly elevated during symptomatic and/or lethal @entity325 , and @entity2332 strongly correlated with mortality. Co-inoculation with @entity5132 strains deficient in the transcription factor Efg1, but not Cph1, reversed the lethal outcome. These results support previous findings and demonstrate that select Candida species, without reference to any morphological requirement, induce synergistic mortality, with IL-6 and @entity1421 acting as key inflammatory factors. Mechanistically, signaling pathways controlled by Efg1 are critical for the ability of @entity5132 to induce mortality from an intra-abdominal polymicrobial infection.

title: Morphology-independent virulence of Candida species during polymicrobial XXXX with @entity794 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity7409 :: ('5480', 'Species') :: ['C. parapsilosis']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans', 'C. albicans']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['co-infections']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal infection']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity1320 :: (MESH:D059413,Disease) :: ['intra-abdominal infections']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intra-abdominal polymicrobial infections cause significant morbidity and mortality. An experimental @entity19 model of @entity5132 - @entity794 @entity1320 results in 100% mortality by 48-72 h post-inoculation while monomicrobial infections are avirulent. Mortality is associated with robust local and systemic @entity32 , without a requirement for @entity5132 morphogenesis. However, the contribution of virulence factors co-regulated during the @entity375 to hyphal transition is unknown. This also raised the question as to whether other Candida species that are unable to form hyphae are as virulent as @entity5132 during polymicrobial IAI. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of non-albicans Candida (NAC) species with various morphologies and @entity5132 transcription factor mutants (efg1/efg1, cph1/cph1) to induce synergistic mortality and accompanied @entity32 . Results showed that @entity794 co-inoculated with C. krusei, or @entity9841 were highly lethal similar to @entity5132 , while @entity794 - @entity18873 , - @entity7409 and - @entity7408 co-inoculations resulted in little to no mortality. Local and systemic IL-6 and @entity1421 were significantly elevated during symptomatic and/or lethal @entity325 , and @entity2332 strongly correlated with mortality. Co-inoculation with @entity5132 strains deficient in the transcription factor Efg1, but not Cph1, reversed the lethal outcome. These results support previous findings and demonstrate that select Candida species, without reference to any morphological requirement, induce synergistic mortality, with IL-6 and @entity1421 acting as key inflammatory factors. Mechanistically, signaling pathways controlled by Efg1 are critical for the ability of @entity5132 to induce mortality from an intra-abdominal polymicrobial infection.

title: Morphology-independent virulence of Candida species during polymicrobial @entity1320 with XXXX .

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: Paraffin sections of @entity1 skeletal tissues were studied in order to identify cells responsible for production of types I, II, and III collagens by in situ hybridization. Northern hybridization and sequence information were used to select restriction fragments of cDNA clones for the corresponding mRNAs to obtain probes with a minimum of cross-hybridization. The specificity of the probes was proven in hybridizations to sections of developing fingers: osteoblasts and chondrocytes, known to produce only one type of fibrillar collagen each (I and II, respectively) were only recognized by the corresponding cDNA probes. Smooth connective tissues exhibited variable hybridization intensities with types I and III collagen cDNA probes. The technique was used to localize the activity of type II collagen production in the different zones of cartilage during the growth of long bones. @entity227 and grain counting revealed the highest levels of @entity794 mRNAs in chondrocytes of the lower proliferative and upper @entity1184 zones of the growth plate cartilage. This finding was confirmed by Northern blotting of RNAs isolated from epiphyseal (resting) cartilage and from growth zone cartilage. Analysis of the osseochondral junction revealed virtually no overlap between hybridization patterns obtained with probes specific for type I and type II collagen mRNAs. Only a fraction of the chondrocytes in the degenerative zone were recognized by the @entity794 cDNA probe, and none by the type I collagen cDNA probe. In the mineralizing zone virtually all cells were recognized by the type I collagen cDNA probe, but only very few scattered cells appeared to contain type II collagen mRNA. These data indicate that in situ hybridization is a valuable tool for identification of connective tissue cells which are actively producing different types of collagens at the various stages of development, differentiation, and growth.

title: Localization of types I, II, and III collagen mRNAs in developing XXXX skeletal tissues by in situ hybridization.

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Gene') :: ['pro alpha 1(II) collagen']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Visual inspection']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Volume changes and survival of @entity19 zygotes and pre-implantation embryos were studied after their exposure to hyperosmotic media. Transfer of zygotes from culture medium to medium containing 1.5 M @entity3733 led to a rapid volume reduction to 60% of control values. After 10 min the volume was normal again, illustrating the rapid penetration of @entity3733 at room temperature. Re-transfer of zygotes equilibrated in 1.5 M @entity3733 to culture medium in one step doubled the volume. Twelve minutes later normal diameters were observed again. Volume changes were also recorded after transfer to media rendered @entity4372 by the addition of @entity1219 or @entity969 . A proportional decrease in volume was noticed up to 1500 mOsmol. A further increase in measured osmolarity up to 3100 mOsmol led only to limited further shrinkage of the zygotes (minimal volume observed was 27% of control volume). Addition of 1.5 M @entity3733 or 1.5 M @entity33778 had no influence on the final volume reaction to @entity1219 and @entity969 . Exposure to media with a measured osmotic value of 3200 mOsmol ( @entity1219 added) during 10 min did not prevent further development of the embryos to the hatched blastocyst stage. A solution of 4000 mOsmol proved lethal to nearly all embryos. Addition of 1.5 M @entity3733 to this medium did not have a protective effect against the osmotic stress at room temperature.

title: Volumetric behaviour and survival of XXXX zygotes and embryos in hyperosmotic media.

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['hypertonic']

entities_list: @entity33778 :: ('CHEBI:26288', 'Chemical') :: ['propanediol']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: The distribution and the time of origin of corticospinal neurons were examined in @entity35 prenatally exposed to @entity1068 and in control @entity35 . The distribution of corticospinal neurons was determined by tracing the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) from an injection site in the cervical spinal cord. In control @entity35 , HRP-positive neurons were distributed in layer Vb throughout motor area 4, rostral motor area 6/8, dorsal somatosensory area 3, caudal somatosensory area 2, and various "association" regions including parietal areas 14, 39, and 40, occipital areas 18a and 18b, cingulate areas 24a and 24b, and prefrontal area 32. In @entity1068 -exposed @entity35 , the distribution of retrogradely labeled neurons was similar to control animals with three notable exceptions: (1) HRP-positive neurons were evident throughout the rostrocaudal extent of area 6/8; (2) occasionally ectopic labeled neurons were identified in the supragranular layers, layers Va and Vc, and superficial layer VI; and (3) the density of HRP-labeled neurons and the ratio of labeled neurons to the total number of neurons in areas 4, 6/8, 3 and 2 were significantly greater (20-48%) in @entity1068 -exposed @entity35 than in controls. There was, however, no intergroup difference in the area of the cell bodies of HRP-positive neurons. Taken together, these findings indicate that @entity1068 exposure resulted in an increased number of corticospinal neurons. The time of origin of corticospinal neurons was determined by using a technique that combined tritiated @entity1014 autoradiography and retrograde transport of HRP. In control animals, HRP-positive neurons were double labeled by an injection of tritiated @entity1014 on @entity6677 ( @entity6677 ) 15, 16, or 17. In @entity1068 -exposed @entity35 , corticospinal neurons were generated on @entity6677 16, 17, and 18, the late-generated ones being distributed in caudal area 6/8. These intergroup differences represent a persisting @entity1068 -induced alteration of cortical structure that may underlie @entity66 and @entity1032 in fetal @entity167 -affected offspring. Moreover, the increase in the number and the delay in the time of origin of corticospinal neurons suggest that the normal process of paring down exuberant corticospinal projections may be affected by prenatal exposure to @entity1068 .

title: Effect of prenatal exposure to XXXX on the distribution and time of origin of corticospinal neurons in the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity6677 :: ('MESH:D016640', 'Disease') :: ['gestational day', 'GD']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['motor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: The distribution and the time of origin of corticospinal neurons were examined in @entity35 prenatally exposed to @entity1068 and in control @entity35 . The distribution of corticospinal neurons was determined by tracing the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) from an injection site in the cervical spinal cord. In control @entity35 , HRP-positive neurons were distributed in layer Vb throughout motor area 4, rostral motor area 6/8, dorsal somatosensory area 3, caudal somatosensory area 2, and various "association" regions including parietal areas 14, 39, and 40, occipital areas 18a and 18b, cingulate areas 24a and 24b, and prefrontal area 32. In @entity1068 -exposed @entity35 , the distribution of retrogradely labeled neurons was similar to control animals with three notable exceptions: (1) HRP-positive neurons were evident throughout the rostrocaudal extent of area 6/8; (2) occasionally ectopic labeled neurons were identified in the supragranular layers, layers Va and Vc, and superficial layer VI; and (3) the density of HRP-labeled neurons and the ratio of labeled neurons to the total number of neurons in areas 4, 6/8, 3 and 2 were significantly greater (20-48%) in @entity1068 -exposed @entity35 than in controls. There was, however, no intergroup difference in the area of the cell bodies of HRP-positive neurons. Taken together, these findings indicate that @entity1068 exposure resulted in an increased number of corticospinal neurons. The time of origin of corticospinal neurons was determined by using a technique that combined tritiated @entity1014 autoradiography and retrograde transport of HRP. In control animals, HRP-positive neurons were double labeled by an injection of tritiated @entity1014 on @entity6677 ( @entity6677 ) 15, 16, or 17. In @entity1068 -exposed @entity35 , corticospinal neurons were generated on @entity6677 16, 17, and 18, the late-generated ones being distributed in caudal area 6/8. These intergroup differences represent a persisting @entity1068 -induced alteration of cortical structure that may underlie @entity66 and @entity1032 in fetal @entity167 -affected offspring. Moreover, the increase in the number and the delay in the time of origin of corticospinal neurons suggest that the normal process of paring down exuberant corticospinal projections may be affected by prenatal exposure to @entity1068 .

title: Effect of prenatal exposure to @entity167 on the distribution and time of origin of corticospinal neurons in the XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The small intestine is one of the most @entity63 -sensitive organs used in transplantation. To better preserve the intestinal graft viability and decrease @entity63 -reperfusion injury, a device for extracorporeal perfusion was developed. We present the results for the first series of perfused @entity1 intestine with an intestinal perfusion unit (IPU). METHODS: Five @entity1 intestines were procured for the protocol. (1) An experimental segment was perfused by the IPU delivering cold preservation solution to the vascular and luminal side continually at 4     C for 8 h. (2) Control (jejunum and ileum) segments were preserved in static cold preservation. Tissue samples were obtained for histopathologic grading according to the Park/Chiu scoring system (0   =   normal, 8   =   transmural @entity1188 ). RESULTS: Jejunal experimental segments scored 2.2 with the Park/Chiu system compared to the control segments, which averaged 3.2. Overall scoring for ileum experimental and control segments was equal with 1.6. CONCLUSION: This data presents proof of concept that extracorporeal intestinal perfusion is feasible. The evidence shows that the IPU can preserve the viability of @entity1 intestine, and histopathologic evaluation of perfused intestine is favorable. Our early results can eventually lead to expanding the possibilities of intestinal preservation.

title: Extracorporeal Hypothermic Perfusion Device for Intestinal Graft Preservation to XXXX During Transportation.

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Decrease Ischemic Injury']


abstract: AIMS: Remote monitoring of cardiac implantable electronic devices is a growing standard; yet, remote follow-up and management of alerts represents a time-consuming task for physicians or trained staff. This study evaluates an automatic mechanism based on artificial intelligence tools to filter @entity955 ( @entity955 ) alerts based on their medical significance. METHODS AND RESULTS: We evaluated this method on alerts for @entity955 episodes that occurred in 60 pacemaker recipients. AKENATON prototype workflow includes two steps: natural language-processing algorithms abstract the @entity1 health record to a digital version, then a knowledge-based algorithm based on an applied formal ontology allows to calculate the CHA2DS2-VASc score and evaluate the anticoagulation status of the @entity1 . Each alert is then automatically classified by importance from low to critical, by mimicking medical reasoning. Final classification was compared with @entity1 expert analysis by two physicians. A total of 1783 alerts about @entity955 episode >5 min in 60 @entity1 were processed. A 1749 of 1783 alerts (98%) were adequately classified and there were no underestimation of alert importance in the remaining 34 misclassified alerts. CONCLUSION: This work demonstrates the ability of a pilot system to classify alerts and improves personalized remote monitoring of @entity1 . In particular, our method allows integration of @entity1 medical history with device alert notifications, which is useful both from medical and resource-management perspectives. The system was able to automatically classify the importance of 1783 @entity955 alerts in 60 @entity1 , which resulted in an 84% reduction in notification workload, while preserving @entity1 safety.

title: Personalized and automated remote monitoring of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: In an open randomized clinical study, 50 of 100 gravidae with a low Bishop score (less than or equal to 5) at term were treated with @entity1421 (0.5 mg @entity1421 in 2.5 ml Triacetin gel. @entity56009 , intracervically) 12 hours before the indicated i.v. @entity398 induction. In 50 @entity1 labor was induced intravenously without any pretreatment. In 46 of 50 pretreated @entity1 (92%) there was an increase in the Bishop score of at least three points, and of only two points in the remaining four. In the control group no significant increase in the Bishop score was measurable. Sixteen @entity1 delivered within the first 12 hours after @entity1421 gel administration, before @entity398 induction. Three @entity1 in the untreated control group also delivered during this pre-observation period. In 14 (64%) of 22 @entity1 in whom cervical priming with @entity1421 was performed and 26 (57%) of 47 @entity1 in whom it was not the first intravenous @entity398 induction was successful. The frequency of cesarean sections was 10% (n = 5) in the @entity1421 gel group and 12% (n = 6) in the @entity398 group. The @entity398 dose needed to induce labor was significantly lower after cervical priming. No severe side effects were observed during and after @entity1421 treatment, in either the mothers or the @entity1 .

title: [Cervix ripening using drugs before @entity398 labor induction. Clinical study of a new XXXX triacetin gel].

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity56009 :: ('CHEBI:15551', 'Chemical') :: ['Prepidil']

answer: @entity1421 :: (MESH:D015232,Chemical) :: ['prostaglandin E2']


abstract: In an open randomized clinical study, 50 of 100 gravidae with a low Bishop score (less than or equal to 5) at term were treated with @entity1421 (0.5 mg @entity1421 in 2.5 ml Triacetin gel. @entity56009 , intracervically) 12 hours before the indicated i.v. @entity398 induction. In 50 @entity1 labor was induced intravenously without any pretreatment. In 46 of 50 pretreated @entity1 (92%) there was an increase in the Bishop score of at least three points, and of only two points in the remaining four. In the control group no significant increase in the Bishop score was measurable. Sixteen @entity1 delivered within the first 12 hours after @entity1421 gel administration, before @entity398 induction. Three @entity1 in the untreated control group also delivered during this pre-observation period. In 14 (64%) of 22 @entity1 in whom cervical priming with @entity1421 was performed and 26 (57%) of 47 @entity1 in whom it was not the first intravenous @entity398 induction was successful. The frequency of cesarean sections was 10% (n = 5) in the @entity1421 gel group and 12% (n = 6) in the @entity398 group. The @entity398 dose needed to induce labor was significantly lower after cervical priming. No severe side effects were observed during and after @entity1421 treatment, in either the mothers or the @entity1 .

title: [Cervix ripening using drugs before XXXX labor induction. Clinical study of a new @entity1421 triacetin gel].

answer: @entity398 :: (MESH:D010121,Chemical) :: ['oxytocin']


abstract: The regulation of nursing was studied in captive @entity831 from birth to 6 months of age. It was asked whether regulation was predictable or timing was irregular. A search for unimodal frequency distributions resulted in a distinction among nursing bouts, nursing episodes (bouts with brief interruptions) and nursing pauses. The frequency distributions of these types were either normal with very large standard deviations or exponential (i.e., randomly terminated). This implies a very irregular timing. Longer nursing episodes were followed by somewhat longer pauses; pauses with daytime sleep (that were relatively long) were followed by longer nursing. However, these regulatory effects were only slight. Most of this loose regulation of nursing was due to the @entity1 , as the mothers did not put the @entity1 on the breast and usually were permissive. Comparisons with @entity1 suggest a similarly loose organization as well as frequent feeding in societies that provide relatively unlimited access to the breast. The regular 4-hr, meal-like schedule in industrial countries seems mainly to be due to @entity1 mothers and their advisors.

title: Regulation of nursing in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity831 :: ('9598', 'Species') :: ['chimpanzees']

answer: @entity831 :: (9598,Species) :: ['chimpanzees']


abstract: Screening for @entity14 ( @entity5 and @entity1127 ) by searching for blood in stools using the gaiac test is a well-known method. We evaluated a new gaiac test, the originality of which from its coupling with an enzyme immuno-assay specifically measuring @entity1 hemoglobin (Fecatest). The objectives of this new test were to decrease false positives and thus to improve the positive predictive value of screening. Subjects over 45 years of age attending health examinations at a Center of Preventive Medicine were studied. Of the 5,185 subjects who received the test, 4,376 (84 p. 100) performed it correctly, demonstrating good compliance in this population. For 664 (15 p. 100), the results of the gaiac test were positive. This positivity rate was higher for @entity1 than for @entity1 (20 p. 100 vs. 10 p. 100) but was not influenced by age. After positive results, 471 (70 p. 100) @entity1 completed investigations decreasing the overall compliance to 80 p. 100. Fifteen cases of @entity5 and 78 cases of @entity652 were found. The positive predictive value of the test was 20 p. 100 for @entity5 . A benign cause was found in 44 p. 100 of 471 @entity1 , and investigations were negative in 36 p. 100. When the gaiac test was positive, the immunoenzymatic method significantly improved the positive predictive value for @entity5 (6 p. 100 vs. 3 p. 100) but not for @entity1127 (20 p. 100 vs. 17 p. 100). Three of the 15 @entity5 and half of the 78 @entity652 would not have been discovered with the immunoenzymatic method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Evaluation of an immunological test for detecting occult fecal blood for case-finding in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal tumours']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal tumors']


abstract: After healing of a @entity2275 , 53 @entity1 were randomly allocated to either 12 months maintenance treatment with @entity5616 150 mg at night or an identical placebo. Fifty @entity1 completed the trial. The @entity1 were interviewed every third month. If symptoms indicated a relapse, endoscopy was done; and if an @entity1066 was found the maintenance trial was terminated. All remaining @entity1 were endoscoped after one year. The accumulated relapse rate in the @entity5616 group (36%) was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) than in the placebo group (76%), as also was the antacid consumption (p less than 0.01). Four of the six @entity1066 found at the final one year endoscopy were asymptomatic. In all but two of the 26 @entity1 with relapse of symptoms an @entity1066 was found at endoscopy. The @entity1 that suffered a recurrence had significantly (p less than 0.05) higher maximal acid output than those without @entity1066 recurrence. The time needed for healing of the relapse @entity1066 (four or eight weeks) corresponded to that needed for healing of the preinclusion @entity1066 . It is concluded that @entity5616 150 mg at night significantly reduces the @entity2275 recurrence rate, and that relapsing @entity1066 are similar to the initial ones in healing response.

title: XXXX 150 mg at night in the prevention of @entity2275 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['ranitidine']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcer']

answer: @entity5616 :: (MESH:D011899,Chemical) :: ['Ranitidine']


abstract: After healing of a @entity2275 , 53 @entity1 were randomly allocated to either 12 months maintenance treatment with @entity5616 150 mg at night or an identical placebo. Fifty @entity1 completed the trial. The @entity1 were interviewed every third month. If symptoms indicated a relapse, endoscopy was done; and if an @entity1066 was found the maintenance trial was terminated. All remaining @entity1 were endoscoped after one year. The accumulated relapse rate in the @entity5616 group (36%) was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) than in the placebo group (76%), as also was the antacid consumption (p less than 0.01). Four of the six @entity1066 found at the final one year endoscopy were asymptomatic. In all but two of the 26 @entity1 with relapse of symptoms an @entity1066 was found at endoscopy. The @entity1 that suffered a recurrence had significantly (p less than 0.05) higher maximal acid output than those without @entity1066 recurrence. The time needed for healing of the relapse @entity1066 (four or eight weeks) corresponded to that needed for healing of the preinclusion @entity1066 . It is concluded that @entity5616 150 mg at night significantly reduces the @entity2275 recurrence rate, and that relapsing @entity1066 are similar to the initial ones in healing response.

title: @entity5616 150 mg at night in the prevention of XXXX .

answer: @entity2275 :: (MESH:D013276,Disease) :: ['gastric ulcer relapse']


abstract: @entity68194 (diEGdiME) is structurally related to several compounds which produce reproductive and developmental @entity137 , including teratogenicity in laboratory animals. In the present study, diEGdiME (0, 62.5, 125, 250, or 500 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage in distilled water to timed-pregnant @entity2659 @entity19 during major organogenesis [gestational days (gd) 6-15]. Clinical status of treated females was monitored daily during treatment and on gd 17. At sacrifice (gd 17), pregnancy was confirmed by uterine examination for 20-24 dams per group; each live fetus was examined for external, @entity600 . No maternal deaths, morbidity, or treatment-related clinical signs were observed. Reduced maternal @entity1017 during treatment at greater than or equal to 250 mg/kg/day was primarily attributed to compromised pregnancy status resulting in reduced gravid uterine weight. Maternal @entity1017 during gestation corrected for gravid uterine weight, and relative liver weight (% body weight) were not affected. Average fetal body weight/litter was significantly reduced at greater than or equal to 125 mg/kg/day. The percentage of postimplantation loss/litter (5, 8, 7, 12, and 50% for control through high dose) and the percentage of malformed live fetuses/litter (0.4, 0, 2, 24, and 96%) were significantly increased at greater than or equal to 250 mg/kg/day. @entity245 involved primarily the neural tube, limbs and digits, craniofacial structures, abdominal wall, cardiovascular system, urogenital organs, and both the axial and appendicular skeleton. In summary, oral administration of diEGdiME during major organogenesis did not produce any distinctive signs of @entity137 , but did produce selective and profound adverse effects upon fetal growth, viability, and morphological development at greater than or equal to 125 mg/kg/day.

title: The developmental XXXX of @entity68194 in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'maternal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['Developmental defects']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['visceral, and skeletal malformations']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity68194 :: ('MESH:C007391', 'Chemical') :: ['Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: @entity68194 (diEGdiME) is structurally related to several compounds which produce reproductive and developmental @entity137 , including teratogenicity in laboratory animals. In the present study, diEGdiME (0, 62.5, 125, 250, or 500 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage in distilled water to timed-pregnant @entity2659 @entity19 during major organogenesis [gestational days (gd) 6-15]. Clinical status of treated females was monitored daily during treatment and on gd 17. At sacrifice (gd 17), pregnancy was confirmed by uterine examination for 20-24 dams per group; each live fetus was examined for external, @entity600 . No maternal deaths, morbidity, or treatment-related clinical signs were observed. Reduced maternal @entity1017 during treatment at greater than or equal to 250 mg/kg/day was primarily attributed to compromised pregnancy status resulting in reduced gravid uterine weight. Maternal @entity1017 during gestation corrected for gravid uterine weight, and relative liver weight (% body weight) were not affected. Average fetal body weight/litter was significantly reduced at greater than or equal to 125 mg/kg/day. The percentage of postimplantation loss/litter (5, 8, 7, 12, and 50% for control through high dose) and the percentage of malformed live fetuses/litter (0.4, 0, 2, 24, and 96%) were significantly increased at greater than or equal to 250 mg/kg/day. @entity245 involved primarily the neural tube, limbs and digits, craniofacial structures, abdominal wall, cardiovascular system, urogenital organs, and both the axial and appendicular skeleton. In summary, oral administration of diEGdiME during major organogenesis did not produce any distinctive signs of @entity137 , but did produce selective and profound adverse effects upon fetal growth, viability, and morphological development at greater than or equal to 125 mg/kg/day.

title: The developmental @entity137 of XXXX in @entity19 .

answer: @entity68194 :: (MESH:C007391,Chemical) :: ['diethylene glycol dimethyl ether']


abstract: @entity68194 (diEGdiME) is structurally related to several compounds which produce reproductive and developmental @entity137 , including teratogenicity in laboratory animals. In the present study, diEGdiME (0, 62.5, 125, 250, or 500 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage in distilled water to timed-pregnant @entity2659 @entity19 during major organogenesis [gestational days (gd) 6-15]. Clinical status of treated females was monitored daily during treatment and on gd 17. At sacrifice (gd 17), pregnancy was confirmed by uterine examination for 20-24 dams per group; each live fetus was examined for external, @entity600 . No maternal deaths, morbidity, or treatment-related clinical signs were observed. Reduced maternal @entity1017 during treatment at greater than or equal to 250 mg/kg/day was primarily attributed to compromised pregnancy status resulting in reduced gravid uterine weight. Maternal @entity1017 during gestation corrected for gravid uterine weight, and relative liver weight (% body weight) were not affected. Average fetal body weight/litter was significantly reduced at greater than or equal to 125 mg/kg/day. The percentage of postimplantation loss/litter (5, 8, 7, 12, and 50% for control through high dose) and the percentage of malformed live fetuses/litter (0.4, 0, 2, 24, and 96%) were significantly increased at greater than or equal to 250 mg/kg/day. @entity245 involved primarily the neural tube, limbs and digits, craniofacial structures, abdominal wall, cardiovascular system, urogenital organs, and both the axial and appendicular skeleton. In summary, oral administration of diEGdiME during major organogenesis did not produce any distinctive signs of @entity137 , but did produce selective and profound adverse effects upon fetal growth, viability, and morphological development at greater than or equal to 125 mg/kg/day.

title: The developmental @entity137 of @entity68194 in XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']