abstract: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is the most common adult primary @entity1313 . Despite aggressive multimodal therapy, the survival of @entity1 with @entity463 remains dismal. However, recent evidence has demonstrated the promise of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-hMSCs) as a therapeutic delivery vehicle for anti- @entity11 agents due to their ability to migrate or home to @entity1 @entity11 . While several studies have demonstrated the feasibility of harnessing the homing capacity of BM-hMSCs for targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics, it is now also evident, based on clinically relevant @entity11 stem cell (GSC) models of GBMs, that BM-hMSCs demonstrate variable tropism toward these @entity5 . In this study, we compared the lipid environment of GSC xenografts that attract BM-hMSCs (N = 9) with those that do not attract (N = 9) to identify lipid modalities that are conducive to homing of BM-hMSC to GBMs. We identified lipids directly from tissue by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) and electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI- @entity15 / @entity15 ) of lipid extracts. Several species of signaling lipids, including phosphatidic acid (PA 36:2, PA 40:5, PA 42:5, and PA 42:7) and diacylglycerol (DAG 34:0, DAG 34:1, DAG 36:1, DAG 38:4, DAG 38:6, and DAG 40:6), were lower in attracting xenografts. Molecular lipid images showed that PA (36:2), DAG (40:6), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were decreased within @entity5 regions of attracting xenografts. Our results provide the first evidence for lipid signaling pathways and lipid-mediated @entity5 inflammatory responses in the homing of BM-hMSCs to GSC xenografts. Our studies provide new fundamental knowledge on the molecular correlates of the differential homing capacity of BM-hMSCs toward GSC xenografts.

title: ESI- @entity15 / XXXX and MALDI-IMS Localization Reveal Alterations in Phosphatidic Acid, Diacylglycerol, and DHA in Glioma Stem Cell Xenografts.

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate is considered to be the most precise noninvasive staging modality for @entity263 . Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) dynamic sequences have recently been shown to further increase the accuracy of staging relative to morphological imaging alone. Correct radiological staging, particularly the detection of extraprostatic disease extension, is of paramount importance for target volume definition and dose prescription in highly-conformal curative radiotherapy (RT); in addition, it may affect the risk-adapted duration of additional antihormonal therapy. The purpose of our study was to analyze the impact of mpMRI-based @entity5 staging in @entity1 undergoing primary @entity263 . METHODS: A total of 122 @entity1 admitted for primary @entity263 were retrospectively analyzed regarding initial clinical and computed tomography-based staging in comparison with mpMRI staging. Both @entity5 stage shifts and overall risk group shifts, including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and the Gleason score, were assessed. Potential risk factors for upstaging were tested in a multivariate analysis. Finally, the impact of mpMRI-based staging shift on prostate RT and antihormonal therapy was evaluated. RESULTS: Overall, @entity5 stage shift occurred in 55.7% of @entity1 after mpMRI. Upstaging was most prominent in @entity1 showing high-risk serum PSA levels (73%), but was also substantial in @entity1 presenting with low-risk PSA levels (50%) and low-risk Gleason scores (45.2%). Risk group changes occurred in 28.7% of the @entity1 with consequent treatment adaptations regarding target volume delineation and duration of @entity342 deprivation therapy. High PSA levels were found to be a significant risk factor for @entity5 upstaging and newly diagnosed seminal vesicle infiltration assessed using mpMRI. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that mpMRI of the prostate leads to substantial @entity5 upstaging, and can considerably affect treatment decisions in all @entity1 groups undergoing risk-adapted curative @entity263 .

title: Guidance of treatment decisions in risk-adapted primary radiotherapy for XXXX using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging: a single center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'RT for prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6750 ( @entity6750 ) is the most frequent @entity4903 during the neonatal period, and a delay in diagnosis and treatment leads to irreversible complications. A high @entity1955 ( @entity2016 ) dose is recommended for treatment, while the optimal starting dose is still a matter of debate. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of various starting doses of @entity2016 on serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and @entity1955 (fT4) at the end of the first month of treatment. METHODS: A total of 71 @entity1 (37 males, 52.1%) with @entity6750 were included in the study. The @entity1 were designated into three sets of subgroups according to the following categorical variables: (i) initial @entity2016 doses: 6-9.9  g/kg/day, 10-11.9  g/kg/day and 12-17  g/kg/day; (ii) initial TSH levels: 6-9.99  IU/mL, 10-75  IU/mL and >75  IU/mL; and (iii) etiology: dyshormonogenesis and @entity16490 . A fT4 level >2.3 ng/dL  a TSH level <0.5  IU/mL were considered as overtreatment. RESULTS: The mean age of the study population was 22.3  13.2 days at diagnosis. At diagnosis, the mean fT4 was 0.84  0.32 ng/dL, and TSH was 39.3  30  IU/mL. The mean initial dose of @entity2016 was 10.9  2.9  g/kg/day. Overtreatment rates were significantly higher in the highest dose group (12-17  g/kg/day) compared with the lowest dose group (6-9.9  g/kg/day) (61.5% and 25%, respectively, p<0.05). None of the @entity1 was undertreated. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found that the rate of overtreatment was significantly higher in @entity1 who were given @entity2016 doses of 12-17  g/kg/day. Thus, monitoring thyroid functions earlier than one month of treatment is necessary.

title: XXXX replacement in primary @entity6750 : the higher the initial dose the higher the rate of overtreatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16490 :: ('MESH:D050033', 'Disease') :: ['dysgenesis']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine', 'L-thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity6750 :: ('MESH:D003409', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital hypothyroidism', 'CH']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['endocrine disorder']

answer: @entity1955 :: (MESH:D013974,Chemical) :: ['Levothyroxine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6750 ( @entity6750 ) is the most frequent @entity4903 during the neonatal period, and a delay in diagnosis and treatment leads to irreversible complications. A high @entity1955 ( @entity2016 ) dose is recommended for treatment, while the optimal starting dose is still a matter of debate. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of various starting doses of @entity2016 on serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and @entity1955 (fT4) at the end of the first month of treatment. METHODS: A total of 71 @entity1 (37 males, 52.1%) with @entity6750 were included in the study. The @entity1 were designated into three sets of subgroups according to the following categorical variables: (i) initial @entity2016 doses: 6-9.9  g/kg/day, 10-11.9  g/kg/day and 12-17  g/kg/day; (ii) initial TSH levels: 6-9.99  IU/mL, 10-75  IU/mL and >75  IU/mL; and (iii) etiology: dyshormonogenesis and @entity16490 . A fT4 level >2.3 ng/dL  a TSH level <0.5  IU/mL were considered as overtreatment. RESULTS: The mean age of the study population was 22.3  13.2 days at diagnosis. At diagnosis, the mean fT4 was 0.84  0.32 ng/dL, and TSH was 39.3  30  IU/mL. The mean initial dose of @entity2016 was 10.9  2.9  g/kg/day. Overtreatment rates were significantly higher in the highest dose group (12-17  g/kg/day) compared with the lowest dose group (6-9.9  g/kg/day) (61.5% and 25%, respectively, p<0.05). None of the @entity1 was undertreated. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found that the rate of overtreatment was significantly higher in @entity1 who were given @entity2016 doses of 12-17  g/kg/day. Thus, monitoring thyroid functions earlier than one month of treatment is necessary.

title: @entity1955 replacement in primary XXXX : the higher the initial dose the higher the rate of overtreatment.

answer: @entity6750 :: (MESH:D003409,Disease) :: ['congenital hypothyroidism']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: The paramedian forehead flap is used to reconstruct medium to large nasal defects. The staged nature, with its vascular pedicle bridging the medial eyebrow to the nose, results in significant @entity154 . Earlier division lessens this morbidity. OBJECTIVES: To quantify flap neovascularization 2 weeks after the initial flap transfer and to describe an algorithm for earlier division of the flap pedicle in select @entity1 populations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : We performed a prospective and retrospective study at the Ambulatory Surgery Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, from October 14, 2014, through January 21, 2015. @entity1 with defects appropriate for paramedian forehead flap reconstruction had partial-thickness defects, vascularized tissue in more than 50% of the recipient bed, and no @entity1239 use. The @entity1 underwent reconstructive surgery by a single surgeon from August 24, 2012, through September 12, 2014. Laser-assisted @entity3194 angiography was used for imaging before and immediately after the initial flap transfer, before pedicle division with the pedicle atraumatically clamped, and immediately after pedicle division and flap inset. Analysis of data and calculation of relative perfusion were performed using a postprocessing analysis toolkit. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Perfusion was calculated using the analysis toolkit as the percentage of the area of interest relative to a predetermined reference point in normal peripheral tissue. RESULTS: We enrolled a total of 10 @entity1 . The mean (SD) relative perfusion of the forehead donor site before flap transfer was 61.2% (3.4%); at initial flap transfer, 81.4% (50.2% [range, 31%-214%]) (P   =   .70 compared with measurement before flap transfer). The mean (SD) relative perfusion of the forehead donor site was 57.5% (21.2% [range, 32%-89%]) at the time of atraumatic pedicle clamping and 58.6% (32.4% [range, 16%-127%]) after pedicle division and flap inset (P   =   .85 compared with measurement before flap transfer). No flap failures or other complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In select @entity1 (those meeting the inclusion criteria), division of the pedicle at 2 weeks after the initial flap transfer is safe. Earlier pedicle division and flap transfer reduces the duration of @entity154 for the @entity1 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: Use of laser-assisted XXXX angiography for early division of the forehead flap pedicle.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial deformity']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity3194 :: ('MESH:D007208', 'Chemical') :: ['indocyanine green']

answer: @entity3194 :: (MESH:D007208,Chemical) :: ['indocyanine green']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with different pharmacological action has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of @entity5 . Present study examines the antitumor potential of @entity1311 ( @entity4045 ) and @entity2879 ( @entity8813 )-loaded @entity7050 nanoparticles for the treatment of @entity421 . RESULTS: The resulting drug-loaded @entity7050 NP exhibited a nanosize dimension with uniform spherical morphology. The NP exhibited a sustained release profile for both @entity4045 and @entity8813 throughout the study period without any sign of initial burst release. The combinational drug-loaded @entity7050 NP enhanced the cytotoxic effect in MG63 and Saos-2 @entity421 cell lines, in comparison to either native drug alone or in cocktail combinations. Additionally, NPs showed an appreciable uptake in MG63 cells in a time-based manner. Co-delivery of anticancer drugs resulted in enhanced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The results clearly showed that combinational drugs remarkably improved the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs. The greater inhibitory effect of nanoparticle combination would be of great advantage during systemic @entity5 therapy. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our study demonstrated that @entity4045 - @entity8813 / @entity7050 NP based combination therapy holds significant potential towards the treatment of @entity421 .

title: @entity1311 and @entity2879 co-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the effective combination therapy against human XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with different pharmacological action has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of @entity5 . Present study examines the antitumor potential of @entity1311 ( @entity4045 ) and @entity2879 ( @entity8813 )-loaded @entity7050 nanoparticles for the treatment of @entity421 . RESULTS: The resulting drug-loaded @entity7050 NP exhibited a nanosize dimension with uniform spherical morphology. The NP exhibited a sustained release profile for both @entity4045 and @entity8813 throughout the study period without any sign of initial burst release. The combinational drug-loaded @entity7050 NP enhanced the cytotoxic effect in MG63 and Saos-2 @entity421 cell lines, in comparison to either native drug alone or in cocktail combinations. Additionally, NPs showed an appreciable uptake in MG63 cells in a time-based manner. Co-delivery of anticancer drugs resulted in enhanced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The results clearly showed that combinational drugs remarkably improved the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs. The greater inhibitory effect of nanoparticle combination would be of great advantage during systemic @entity5 therapy. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our study demonstrated that @entity4045 - @entity8813 / @entity7050 NP based combination therapy holds significant potential towards the treatment of @entity421 .

title: @entity1311 and XXXX co-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the effective combination therapy against human @entity421 .

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['etoposide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with different pharmacological action has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of @entity5 . Present study examines the antitumor potential of @entity1311 ( @entity4045 ) and @entity2879 ( @entity8813 )-loaded @entity7050 nanoparticles for the treatment of @entity421 . RESULTS: The resulting drug-loaded @entity7050 NP exhibited a nanosize dimension with uniform spherical morphology. The NP exhibited a sustained release profile for both @entity4045 and @entity8813 throughout the study period without any sign of initial burst release. The combinational drug-loaded @entity7050 NP enhanced the cytotoxic effect in MG63 and Saos-2 @entity421 cell lines, in comparison to either native drug alone or in cocktail combinations. Additionally, NPs showed an appreciable uptake in MG63 cells in a time-based manner. Co-delivery of anticancer drugs resulted in enhanced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The results clearly showed that combinational drugs remarkably improved the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs. The greater inhibitory effect of nanoparticle combination would be of great advantage during systemic @entity5 therapy. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our study demonstrated that @entity4045 - @entity8813 / @entity7050 NP based combination therapy holds significant potential towards the treatment of @entity421 .

title: XXXX and @entity2879 co-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the effective combination therapy against human @entity421 .

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['Paclitaxel']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated prognostic biomarkers of distant metastases of @entity2 . One of the central difficulties in identifying biomarkers from microarray data is the availability of only a small number of samples, which results overtraining. Recently obtained evidence reveals that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of @entity5 cells causes @entity3 , which is detrimental to @entity1 ' survival. RESULTS: This work proposes a novel optimization approach to discovering EMT-related prognostic biomarkers to predict the distant @entity3 of @entity2 using both microarray and survival data. This weighted objective function maximizes both the accuracy of prediction of distant @entity3 and the area between the disease-free survival curves of the non-distant and distant metastases. Seventy-eight @entity1 with @entity2 and a follow-up time of 120  months are used to identify a set of gene markers and an independent cohort of 26 @entity1 is used to evaluate the identified biomarkers. The medical records of the 78 @entity1 show a significant difference between the disease-free survival times of the 37 non-distant- and the 41 distant- @entity3 @entity1 . The experimental results thus obtained are as follows. 1) The use of disease-free survival curves can compensate for the shortcoming of insufficient samples and greatly increase the test accuracy by 11.10%; and 2) the support vector machine with a set of 17 transcripts, such as @entity3023 and @entity72136 , can yield a leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy of 93.59%, a test accuracy of 76.92%, a large disease-free survival area of 74.81%, and a mean survival prediction error of 3.99  months. The identified putative biomarkers are examined using related studies and signaling pathways to reveal the potential effectiveness of the biomarkers in prospective confirmatory studies. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed new optimization approach to identifying prognostic biomarkers by combining multiple sources of data (microarray and survival) can facilitate the accurate selection of biomarkers that are most relevant to the disease while solving the problem of insufficient samples.

title: Discovery of prognostic biomarkers for predicting XXXX @entity3 using microarray and survival data.

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated prognostic biomarkers of distant metastases of @entity2 . One of the central difficulties in identifying biomarkers from microarray data is the availability of only a small number of samples, which results overtraining. Recently obtained evidence reveals that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of @entity5 cells causes @entity3 , which is detrimental to @entity1 ' survival. RESULTS: This work proposes a novel optimization approach to discovering EMT-related prognostic biomarkers to predict the distant @entity3 of @entity2 using both microarray and survival data. This weighted objective function maximizes both the accuracy of prediction of distant @entity3 and the area between the disease-free survival curves of the non-distant and distant metastases. Seventy-eight @entity1 with @entity2 and a follow-up time of 120  months are used to identify a set of gene markers and an independent cohort of 26 @entity1 is used to evaluate the identified biomarkers. The medical records of the 78 @entity1 show a significant difference between the disease-free survival times of the 37 non-distant- and the 41 distant- @entity3 @entity1 . The experimental results thus obtained are as follows. 1) The use of disease-free survival curves can compensate for the shortcoming of insufficient samples and greatly increase the test accuracy by 11.10%; and 2) the support vector machine with a set of 17 transcripts, such as @entity3023 and @entity72136 , can yield a leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy of 93.59%, a test accuracy of 76.92%, a large disease-free survival area of 74.81%, and a mean survival prediction error of 3.99  months. The identified putative biomarkers are examined using related studies and signaling pathways to reveal the potential effectiveness of the biomarkers in prospective confirmatory studies. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed new optimization approach to identifying prognostic biomarkers by combining multiple sources of data (microarray and survival) can facilitate the accurate selection of biomarkers that are most relevant to the disease while solving the problem of insufficient samples.

title: Discovery of prognostic biomarkers for predicting @entity2 XXXX using microarray and survival data.

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity1142 among @entity1 in palliative care has varied in prior research, from 18% to 90%, depending on study factors. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe and explore the prevalence and symptom distress of @entity1142 , using different definitions of @entity1142 , in @entity1 admitted to specialized palliative care settings. METHODS: Data was collected in a cross-sectional survey from 485 @entity1 in 38 palliative care units in Sweden. Variables were analyzed using logistic regression and summarized as odds ratio (OR). RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity1142 varied between 7% and 43%, depending on the definition used. Two @entity1142 groups were found: (1) medical @entity1142 group (MCG):  <=3 defecations/week, n=114 (23%) and (2) perceived @entity1142 group (PCG): @entity1 with a perception of being @entity1142 in the last two weeks, n=171 (35%). Three subgroups emerged: @entity1 with (1) only medical @entity1142 (7%), (2) only perceived @entity1142 (19%), and (3) both medical and perceived @entity1142 (16%). There were no differences in symptom severity between groups; 71% of all @entity1142 @entity1 had severe @entity1142 . CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of @entity1142 may differ, depending on the definition used and how @entity1142 is assessed. In this study we found two main groups and three subgroups, analyzed from the definitions of frequency of bowel movements and experience of being @entity1142 . To be able to identify @entity1142 , the @entity1 ' definition has to be further explored and assessed.

title: Constipation in Specialized Palliative Care: Prevalence, Definition, and XXXX -Perceived Symptom Distress.

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation', 'constipated']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in @entity5 development and progression. Aberrant expression of @entity8918 has recently been reported in several @entity5 , but its role in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) still remains obscure. We investigated the effects of @entity8918 on proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in A549 cells. Eighteen paired @entity1149 and adjacent non- @entity5 lung tissues were surgically removed and immediately snap frozen until total RNA was extracted and confirmed by two independent pathologists. The targets of @entity8918 were predicted by bioinformatics tools. RNA isolation and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot analysis, cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, cell apoptosis assay, and migration and invasion assays were done. The @entity164 ( @entity164 ) or mutant type (MT) 3'-untranslated region (UTR) vectors were co-transfected with @entity8918 or negative control into A549 cells, and after 24  h of transfection, luciferase activity was measured using the Dual-Glo luciferase assay kit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. @entity8918 was significantly downregulated in @entity1149 than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. @entity8918 overexpression remarkably inhibited cell viability, invasion, and migration and promoted the apoptosis of @entity1149 cells. Additionally, inhibition of @entity8918 expression had the opposite effects on @entity5 progression, while cell cycle remained unaltered. Furthermore, we identified that @entity6577 was a target of @entity8918 and negatively regulated by @entity8918 at the translational level. @entity8918 acts as a @entity5 suppressor in @entity1149 by directly targeting @entity6577 and may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for @entity1149 .

title: MicroRNA-15a induces cell apoptosis and inhibits metastasis by targeting @entity6577 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in @entity5 development and progression. Aberrant expression of @entity8918 has recently been reported in several @entity5 , but its role in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) still remains obscure. We investigated the effects of @entity8918 on proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in A549 cells. Eighteen paired @entity1149 and adjacent non- @entity5 lung tissues were surgically removed and immediately snap frozen until total RNA was extracted and confirmed by two independent pathologists. The targets of @entity8918 were predicted by bioinformatics tools. RNA isolation and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot analysis, cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, cell apoptosis assay, and migration and invasion assays were done. The @entity164 ( @entity164 ) or mutant type (MT) 3'-untranslated region (UTR) vectors were co-transfected with @entity8918 or negative control into A549 cells, and after 24  h of transfection, luciferase activity was measured using the Dual-Glo luciferase assay kit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. @entity8918 was significantly downregulated in @entity1149 than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. @entity8918 overexpression remarkably inhibited cell viability, invasion, and migration and promoted the apoptosis of @entity1149 cells. Additionally, inhibition of @entity8918 expression had the opposite effects on @entity5 progression, while cell cycle remained unaltered. Furthermore, we identified that @entity6577 was a target of @entity8918 and negatively regulated by @entity8918 at the translational level. @entity8918 acts as a @entity5 suppressor in @entity1149 by directly targeting @entity6577 and may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for @entity1149 .

title: MicroRNA-15a induces cell apoptosis and inhibits metastasis by targeting XXXX in @entity1149 .

answer: @entity6577 :: (599,Gene) :: ['BCL2L2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity286 exposure has been linked with sinonasal pathology, and may be associated with @entity56 sensitization. This study evaluates the association between exposure to active smoking or secondhand smoke (SHS) and the prevalence of @entity2490 and @entity56 sensitization in the U.S. pediatric population. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 2714 @entity1 and adolescents aged 6 to 19 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-2006. Active smoking was defined as self-reported smoking or serum @entity4874 concentrations >10 ng/mL. SHS was defined as nonactive smokers who reported living with >= 1 smokers or had serum @entity4874 >= 0.011 ng/mL. Self-reported @entity2490 was based on symptoms during the past 12 months, and allergen sensitization was defined as a positive response to any of the 19 specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antigens tested. RESULTS: About half of the population (54%) had detectable levels of IgE specific to at least 1 of the tested allergens, and 25% reported a history of @entity2490 . After multivariate adjustment, an increased prevalence rate ratio (PRR) of self-reported @entity2490 was seen in individuals in the highest @entity4874 tertile among active smokers ( @entity6765 .73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 2.43), with a significant trend between increasing @entity4874 levels in individuals exposed to either secondhand smoke or active smoking (p = 0.05 for both analyses). Significantly less @entity6766 was observed in @entity1 in the highest @entity4874 tertile of secondhand smoke (PRR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.85). CONCLUSION: @entity286 smoke exposure was associated with increased prevalence of @entity2490 symptoms, but decreased prevalence of @entity56 sensitization. The results highlight the complex relationship between @entity286 exposure and sinonasal pathology.

title: Allergic sensitization, XXXX , and @entity286 smoke exposure in U.S. @entity1 and adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children']

entities_list: @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['tobacco', 'Tobacco']

entities_list: @entity6766 :: ('MESH:D005517', 'Disease') :: ['food allergen sensitization']

entities_list: @entity4874 :: ('MESH:D003367', 'Chemical') :: ['cotinine']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

answer: @entity2490 :: (MESH:D012220,Disease) :: ['rhinitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity286 exposure has been linked with sinonasal pathology, and may be associated with @entity56 sensitization. This study evaluates the association between exposure to active smoking or secondhand smoke (SHS) and the prevalence of @entity2490 and @entity56 sensitization in the U.S. pediatric population. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 2714 @entity1 and adolescents aged 6 to 19 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-2006. Active smoking was defined as self-reported smoking or serum @entity4874 concentrations >10 ng/mL. SHS was defined as nonactive smokers who reported living with >= 1 smokers or had serum @entity4874 >= 0.011 ng/mL. Self-reported @entity2490 was based on symptoms during the past 12 months, and allergen sensitization was defined as a positive response to any of the 19 specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antigens tested. RESULTS: About half of the population (54%) had detectable levels of IgE specific to at least 1 of the tested allergens, and 25% reported a history of @entity2490 . After multivariate adjustment, an increased prevalence rate ratio (PRR) of self-reported @entity2490 was seen in individuals in the highest @entity4874 tertile among active smokers ( @entity6765 .73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 2.43), with a significant trend between increasing @entity4874 levels in individuals exposed to either secondhand smoke or active smoking (p = 0.05 for both analyses). Significantly less @entity6766 was observed in @entity1 in the highest @entity4874 tertile of secondhand smoke (PRR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.85). CONCLUSION: @entity286 smoke exposure was associated with increased prevalence of @entity2490 symptoms, but decreased prevalence of @entity56 sensitization. The results highlight the complex relationship between @entity286 exposure and sinonasal pathology.

title: Allergic sensitization, @entity2490 , and XXXX smoke exposure in U.S. @entity1 and adolescents.

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity286 exposure has been linked with sinonasal pathology, and may be associated with @entity56 sensitization. This study evaluates the association between exposure to active smoking or secondhand smoke (SHS) and the prevalence of @entity2490 and @entity56 sensitization in the U.S. pediatric population. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 2714 @entity1 and adolescents aged 6 to 19 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-2006. Active smoking was defined as self-reported smoking or serum @entity4874 concentrations >10 ng/mL. SHS was defined as nonactive smokers who reported living with >= 1 smokers or had serum @entity4874 >= 0.011 ng/mL. Self-reported @entity2490 was based on symptoms during the past 12 months, and allergen sensitization was defined as a positive response to any of the 19 specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antigens tested. RESULTS: About half of the population (54%) had detectable levels of IgE specific to at least 1 of the tested allergens, and 25% reported a history of @entity2490 . After multivariate adjustment, an increased prevalence rate ratio (PRR) of self-reported @entity2490 was seen in individuals in the highest @entity4874 tertile among active smokers ( @entity6765 .73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 2.43), with a significant trend between increasing @entity4874 levels in individuals exposed to either secondhand smoke or active smoking (p = 0.05 for both analyses). Significantly less @entity6766 was observed in @entity1 in the highest @entity4874 tertile of secondhand smoke (PRR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.85). CONCLUSION: @entity286 smoke exposure was associated with increased prevalence of @entity2490 symptoms, but decreased prevalence of @entity56 sensitization. The results highlight the complex relationship between @entity286 exposure and sinonasal pathology.

title: Allergic sensitization, @entity2490 , and @entity286 smoke exposure in U.S. XXXX and adolescents.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are involved in @entity5 progression by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), @entity5 cell invasion, migration and angiogenesis. However, in @entity0 , the clinical relevance of the @entity16235 infiltration according to distinct histologic locations (intratumoral vs. stromal) and @entity5282 status is unclear. We investigated the significance of the levels of @entity16235 infiltration in distinct histologic locations in invasive @entity0 . We also examined the relationship of the @entity16235 levels with the clinicopathologic features of @entity5 , expression of EMT markers, and clinical outcomes. Finally, we analyzed the prognostic value of @entity16235 levels according to @entity5282 status. High levels of infiltration of intratumoral, stromal and total TAMs were associated with high histologic grade, @entity876 overexpression, high Ki-67 proliferation index and negative @entity5282 status. Infiltration of TAMs was also correlated with overexpression of @entity2277 , smooth muscle actin and alteration of @entity3546 . Overall, a high level of infiltration of intratumoral TAMs was associated with poor disease-free survival, and was found to be an independent prognostic factor. In subgroup analyses by @entity5282 status, a high level of infiltration of intratumoral @entity16235 was an independent prognostic factor in the @entity5282 -positive subgroup, but not in the hormone-receptor negative subgroup. Our findings suggest that intratumoral TAMs play an important role in @entity5 progression in @entity0 , especially in the @entity5282 -positive group, and the level of @entity16235 infiltration may be used as a prognostic factor and even a therapeutic target in @entity0 .

title: Prognostic Value of Tumor-Associated Macrophages According to Histologic Locations and @entity5282 Status in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity5282 :: ('3164', 'Gene') :: ['hormone receptor']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are involved in @entity5 progression by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), @entity5 cell invasion, migration and angiogenesis. However, in @entity0 , the clinical relevance of the @entity16235 infiltration according to distinct histologic locations (intratumoral vs. stromal) and @entity5282 status is unclear. We investigated the significance of the levels of @entity16235 infiltration in distinct histologic locations in invasive @entity0 . We also examined the relationship of the @entity16235 levels with the clinicopathologic features of @entity5 , expression of EMT markers, and clinical outcomes. Finally, we analyzed the prognostic value of @entity16235 levels according to @entity5282 status. High levels of infiltration of intratumoral, stromal and total TAMs were associated with high histologic grade, @entity876 overexpression, high Ki-67 proliferation index and negative @entity5282 status. Infiltration of TAMs was also correlated with overexpression of @entity2277 , smooth muscle actin and alteration of @entity3546 . Overall, a high level of infiltration of intratumoral TAMs was associated with poor disease-free survival, and was found to be an independent prognostic factor. In subgroup analyses by @entity5282 status, a high level of infiltration of intratumoral @entity16235 was an independent prognostic factor in the @entity5282 -positive subgroup, but not in the hormone-receptor negative subgroup. Our findings suggest that intratumoral TAMs play an important role in @entity5 progression in @entity0 , especially in the @entity5282 -positive group, and the level of @entity16235 infiltration may be used as a prognostic factor and even a therapeutic target in @entity0 .

title: Prognostic Value of Tumor-Associated Macrophages According to Histologic Locations and XXXX Status in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5282 :: (3164,Gene) :: ['Hormone Receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity32 plays an integral role in carcinogenesis and @entity5 progression. Inflammatory response biomarkers have shown to be promising prognostic factors for improving the predictive accuracy in @entity5 . The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic significance of pre-operative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) in @entity356 ( @entity356 ). METHODS: 389 @entity1 who had undergone gastrectomy were enrolled from 2007 to 2009 in this study. NLR, dNLR, PLR and LMR were calculated from peripheral blood cell count taken at pre-operation. Receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels for these biomarkers. A predictive model or nomogram was established to predict prognosis for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and the predictive accuracy of the nomogram was determined by concordance index (c-index). RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 24  months ranging from 3  months to 60  months. The optimal cut-off levels were 2.36 for NLR, 1.85 for dNLR, 132 for PLR and 4.95 for LMR by ROC curves analysis. Elevated NLR, dNLR and PLR were significantly associated with worse @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), @entity5 and @entity66 , however, elevated LMR showed an adverse effect on worse @entity1349 , @entity5 and @entity66 . Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated dNLR was an independent factor for worse @entity1349 , and NLR was superior to dNLR, PLR and LMR in terms of hazard ratio (HR   =   1.53, 95% CI   =   1.11-2.11, P   =   0.010), which was shown to be independent prognostic indicators for both @entity5 and @entity66 . Moreover, the nomogram could more accurately predict @entity5 (c-index: 0.89) and @entity66 (c-index: 0.84) in surgical @entity356 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Pre-operative NLR and dNLR may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers in @entity1 with @entity356 who underwent surgical resection. The proposed nomograms can be used for the prediction of @entity5 and @entity66 in @entity1 with @entity356 who have undergone gastrectomy.

title: Prognostic value of pre-operative inflammatory response biomarkers in XXXX @entity1 and the construction of a predictive model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DFS', 'disease-free survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'various cancers', 'cancer-specific survival', 'CSS']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'GC']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity32 plays an integral role in carcinogenesis and @entity5 progression. Inflammatory response biomarkers have shown to be promising prognostic factors for improving the predictive accuracy in @entity5 . The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic significance of pre-operative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) in @entity356 ( @entity356 ). METHODS: 389 @entity1 who had undergone gastrectomy were enrolled from 2007 to 2009 in this study. NLR, dNLR, PLR and LMR were calculated from peripheral blood cell count taken at pre-operation. Receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels for these biomarkers. A predictive model or nomogram was established to predict prognosis for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and the predictive accuracy of the nomogram was determined by concordance index (c-index). RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 24  months ranging from 3  months to 60  months. The optimal cut-off levels were 2.36 for NLR, 1.85 for dNLR, 132 for PLR and 4.95 for LMR by ROC curves analysis. Elevated NLR, dNLR and PLR were significantly associated with worse @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), @entity5 and @entity66 , however, elevated LMR showed an adverse effect on worse @entity1349 , @entity5 and @entity66 . Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated dNLR was an independent factor for worse @entity1349 , and NLR was superior to dNLR, PLR and LMR in terms of hazard ratio (HR   =   1.53, 95% CI   =   1.11-2.11, P   =   0.010), which was shown to be independent prognostic indicators for both @entity5 and @entity66 . Moreover, the nomogram could more accurately predict @entity5 (c-index: 0.89) and @entity66 (c-index: 0.84) in surgical @entity356 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Pre-operative NLR and dNLR may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers in @entity1 with @entity356 who underwent surgical resection. The proposed nomograms can be used for the prediction of @entity5 and @entity66 in @entity1 with @entity356 who have undergone gastrectomy.

title: Prognostic value of pre-operative inflammatory response biomarkers in @entity356 XXXX and the construction of a predictive model.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly identified pathologies in @entity1 with medically intractable @entity302 include @entity10067 , @entity131 , @entity5 , and remote @entity2806 . Surgery has proven to be an effective therapeutic modality in most of such @entity1 . The coexistence of multiple pathologies in resected tissues is well documented, particularly @entity7667 and @entity10067 . Cases of triple pathology are, however, extraordinarily unusual. We report 2 cases of triple pathology including @entity131 , @entity7667 , and @entity10067 . Cases of pathologically confirmed @entity131 diagnosed between January 2000 to December 2012 (n= 349) were reviewed, and only 2 cases (0.6%) with triple pathology were identified. The histopathologic and clinical features of these 2 cases are reviewed. The @entity1 included a 6-year-old @entity1 and 10-year-old @entity1 . The former @entity1 presented with a 4-year history of @entity302 and @entity952 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The latter @entity1 presented with an 8-year history of @entity302 , attention @entity2915 , and a @entity245 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left posterior temporal and occipital region. Resected tissues in both @entity1 showed a @entity7667 (World Health Organization grade I) with accompanying @entity10067 and @entity131 . Both @entity1 were @entity410 free on antiepileptic medication at last follow-up at 20 and 38 months, respectively. The prevalence of triple pathology including @entity131 is low (<1% in the current study). Surgical intervention for triple pathology cases anecdotally appears effective in achieving @entity410 control.

title: Coexistent @entity7667 , @entity10067 , and XXXX (triple pathology) in chronic @entity302 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic damage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['pervasive developmental disorder']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['deficient hyperactivity disease']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['oppositional defiant disorder']

entities_list: @entity10067 :: ('MESH:C537067', 'Disease') :: ['focal cortical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity7667 :: ('MESH:D018303', 'Disease') :: ['ganglioglioma']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['hippocampal sclerosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly identified pathologies in @entity1 with medically intractable @entity302 include @entity10067 , @entity131 , @entity5 , and remote @entity2806 . Surgery has proven to be an effective therapeutic modality in most of such @entity1 . The coexistence of multiple pathologies in resected tissues is well documented, particularly @entity7667 and @entity10067 . Cases of triple pathology are, however, extraordinarily unusual. We report 2 cases of triple pathology including @entity131 , @entity7667 , and @entity10067 . Cases of pathologically confirmed @entity131 diagnosed between January 2000 to December 2012 (n= 349) were reviewed, and only 2 cases (0.6%) with triple pathology were identified. The histopathologic and clinical features of these 2 cases are reviewed. The @entity1 included a 6-year-old @entity1 and 10-year-old @entity1 . The former @entity1 presented with a 4-year history of @entity302 and @entity952 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The latter @entity1 presented with an 8-year history of @entity302 , attention @entity2915 , and a @entity245 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left posterior temporal and occipital region. Resected tissues in both @entity1 showed a @entity7667 (World Health Organization grade I) with accompanying @entity10067 and @entity131 . Both @entity1 were @entity410 free on antiepileptic medication at last follow-up at 20 and 38 months, respectively. The prevalence of triple pathology including @entity131 is low (<1% in the current study). Surgical intervention for triple pathology cases anecdotally appears effective in achieving @entity410 control.

title: Coexistent XXXX , @entity10067 , and @entity131 (triple pathology) in chronic @entity302 .

answer: @entity7667 :: (MESH:D018303,Disease) :: ['ganglioglioma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly identified pathologies in @entity1 with medically intractable @entity302 include @entity10067 , @entity131 , @entity5 , and remote @entity2806 . Surgery has proven to be an effective therapeutic modality in most of such @entity1 . The coexistence of multiple pathologies in resected tissues is well documented, particularly @entity7667 and @entity10067 . Cases of triple pathology are, however, extraordinarily unusual. We report 2 cases of triple pathology including @entity131 , @entity7667 , and @entity10067 . Cases of pathologically confirmed @entity131 diagnosed between January 2000 to December 2012 (n= 349) were reviewed, and only 2 cases (0.6%) with triple pathology were identified. The histopathologic and clinical features of these 2 cases are reviewed. The @entity1 included a 6-year-old @entity1 and 10-year-old @entity1 . The former @entity1 presented with a 4-year history of @entity302 and @entity952 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The latter @entity1 presented with an 8-year history of @entity302 , attention @entity2915 , and a @entity245 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left posterior temporal and occipital region. Resected tissues in both @entity1 showed a @entity7667 (World Health Organization grade I) with accompanying @entity10067 and @entity131 . Both @entity1 were @entity410 free on antiepileptic medication at last follow-up at 20 and 38 months, respectively. The prevalence of triple pathology including @entity131 is low (<1% in the current study). Surgical intervention for triple pathology cases anecdotally appears effective in achieving @entity410 control.

title: Coexistent @entity7667 , @entity10067 , and @entity131 (triple pathology) in chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly identified pathologies in @entity1 with medically intractable @entity302 include @entity10067 , @entity131 , @entity5 , and remote @entity2806 . Surgery has proven to be an effective therapeutic modality in most of such @entity1 . The coexistence of multiple pathologies in resected tissues is well documented, particularly @entity7667 and @entity10067 . Cases of triple pathology are, however, extraordinarily unusual. We report 2 cases of triple pathology including @entity131 , @entity7667 , and @entity10067 . Cases of pathologically confirmed @entity131 diagnosed between January 2000 to December 2012 (n= 349) were reviewed, and only 2 cases (0.6%) with triple pathology were identified. The histopathologic and clinical features of these 2 cases are reviewed. The @entity1 included a 6-year-old @entity1 and 10-year-old @entity1 . The former @entity1 presented with a 4-year history of @entity302 and @entity952 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The latter @entity1 presented with an 8-year history of @entity302 , attention @entity2915 , and a @entity245 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left posterior temporal and occipital region. Resected tissues in both @entity1 showed a @entity7667 (World Health Organization grade I) with accompanying @entity10067 and @entity131 . Both @entity1 were @entity410 free on antiepileptic medication at last follow-up at 20 and 38 months, respectively. The prevalence of triple pathology including @entity131 is low (<1% in the current study). Surgical intervention for triple pathology cases anecdotally appears effective in achieving @entity410 control.

title: Coexistent @entity7667 , XXXX , and @entity131 (triple pathology) in chronic @entity302 .

answer: @entity10067 :: (MESH:C537067,Disease) :: ['focal cortical dysplasia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal transplantation is a minimally invasive method for the delivery of stem cells, however, whether the cells migrate from the lumbar to the injured cervical spinal cord has not been proved in @entity1 . We describe an attempt to track bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a @entity1 with a chronic cervical @entity1566 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 33-year-old Thai @entity1 who sustained an incomplete @entity1566 from the atlanto-axial subluxation was enrolled into a pilot study aiming to track bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, labeled with superparamagnetic @entity1933 nanoparticles, from intrathecal transplantation in chronic cervical @entity1566 . He had been dependent on respiratory support since 2005. There had been no improvement in his neurological function for the past 54 months. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were retrieved from his iliac crest and repopulated to the target number. One half of the total cells were labeled with superparamagnetic @entity1933 nanoparticles before transplantation to the intrathecal space between L4 and L5. Magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed immediately after the transplantation and at 48 hours, two weeks, one month and seven months after the transplantation. His magnetic resonance imaging scan performed immediately after the transplantation showed hyposignal intensity of paramagnetic substance tagged stem cells in the subarachnoid space at the lumbar spine area. This phenomenon was observed at the surface around his cervical spinal cord at 48 hours. A focal hyposignal intensity of tagged bone marrow-derived stem cells was detected at his cervical spinal cord with magnetic resonance imaging at 48 hours, which faded after two weeks, and then disappeared after one month. No clinical improvement of the neurological function had occurred at the end of this study. However, at 48 hours after the transplantation, he presented with a @entity221 , @entity10 , @entity925 and worsening of his motor function (by one grade of all key muscles by the American @entity3510 Association impairment scale), which lasted for 48 hours. CONCLUSION: Intrathecal injection of bone marrow-derived stem cells at the lumbar spine level could deliver the cells to the injured cervical spinal cord. Transient complications should be observed closely in the first 48 hours after transplantation. Further study should be carried out to evaluate the result of the treatment.

title: Chronic XXXX treated with transplanted autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells tracked by magnetic resonance imaging: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable @entity479 ( @entity1667 ) in the treatment of @entity3444 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty subjects with @entity3444 were recruited and randomly allocated to two study groups. Group I (NSAIDs group) (n=60) received oral tablet @entity3522 (50 mg) and @entity1443 (500 mg) twice a day (BD) along with tab. @entity5616 150 mg BD. Group II (injectable @entity479 group) (n=60) received injection of 1 ml of @entity1667 ( @entity8745 ) (40 mg) and 2 ml of 0.5% @entity1341 into the @entity26427 . @entity158 intensity was measured using 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). Subjects were evaluated clinically before, and 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks (2 months) after the initiation of treatment in both the groups. The outcome was assessed in terms of VAS score and recurrence of the @entity158 . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: "Z" test and Chi-square test were used wherever applicable. RESULTS: @entity158 relief was significant after @entity479 injection (P<0.001) and the improvement was sustained. The recurrence of @entity158 was significantly higher in the oral NSAIDS group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Local injection of @entity479 is more effective in the treatment of @entity3444 than oral NSAIDs.

title: A comparative study of efficacy of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and locally injectable XXXX for the treatment of @entity3444 .

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity26427 :: ('MESH:C531841', 'Disease') :: ['inflammed plantar fascia']

entities_list: @entity3444 :: ('MESH:D036981', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral plantar fasciitis', 'plantar fasciitis']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['heel pain', 'Pain']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['ranitidine']

entities_list: @entity8745 :: ('MESH:C000873', 'Chemical') :: ['Depomedrol']

answer: @entity479 :: (D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable @entity479 ( @entity1667 ) in the treatment of @entity3444 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty subjects with @entity3444 were recruited and randomly allocated to two study groups. Group I (NSAIDs group) (n=60) received oral tablet @entity3522 (50 mg) and @entity1443 (500 mg) twice a day (BD) along with tab. @entity5616 150 mg BD. Group II (injectable @entity479 group) (n=60) received injection of 1 ml of @entity1667 ( @entity8745 ) (40 mg) and 2 ml of 0.5% @entity1341 into the @entity26427 . @entity158 intensity was measured using 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). Subjects were evaluated clinically before, and 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks (2 months) after the initiation of treatment in both the groups. The outcome was assessed in terms of VAS score and recurrence of the @entity158 . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: "Z" test and Chi-square test were used wherever applicable. RESULTS: @entity158 relief was significant after @entity479 injection (P<0.001) and the improvement was sustained. The recurrence of @entity158 was significantly higher in the oral NSAIDS group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Local injection of @entity479 is more effective in the treatment of @entity3444 than oral NSAIDs.

title: A comparative study of efficacy of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and locally injectable @entity479 for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3444 :: (MESH:D036981,Disease) :: ['plantar fasciitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pilot studies have estimated @entity5 incidence in @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). However, the results have been inconclusive. To ascertain the correlation between @entity1252 and @entity5 more comprehensively and precisely, we conducted a meta-analysis. METHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Embase databases through June 2014, were searched to identify observational studies evaluating the association between @entity1252 and @entity5 . The outcomes from these studies were measured as relative risks (RRs). A random or fixed effects model was chosen to calculate the pooled RR according to heterogeneity test. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed by estimating I2 index. Publication bias was assessed by Egger's test. RESULTS: A total of 16 papers, including 59,662 @entity1252 @entity1 , were suitable for the meta-analysis. Of these papers, 15 reported RRs for overall @entity5 , 12 for @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) and @entity2 , 7 for @entity150 , 6 for @entity978 ( @entity978 ) and @entity1778 , 5 for @entity320 , and @entity96 , 4 for @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ), and @entity418 and 3 for laryngeal and @entity1489 . The pooled RRs were 1.28 (95% CI, 1.17-1.41) for @entity5 , 5.40 (95% CI, 3.75-7.77) for @entity1893 , 3.26(95% CI, 2.17-4.88) for @entity978 , 2.01(95% CI, 1.61-2.52) for @entity1778 , 1.45(95% CI, 1.04-2.03) for @entity1582 , 4.19(95% CI, 1.98-8.87) for @entity5 , 1.59 (95% CI, 1.44-1.76) for @entity2 , 1.86(95% CI, 1.21-2.88) for @entity418 , 3.21(95% CI, 1.70-6.05) for @entity96 , 3.67(95% CI, 2.80-4.81) for @entity5 , 2.11(95% CI, 1.12-3.99) for @entity150 , 1.51(95% CI, 1.12-2.03) for @entity1489 , 1.78(95% CI, 1.35-2.33) for @entity259 , and 0.65(95% CI, 0.50-0.85) for @entity320 . Only the meta-analyses of overall @entity5 , @entity1893 , and liver and @entity150 produced substantial heterogeneity (I2, 57.6% vs 74.3% vs 67.7% vs 82.3%). No apparent publication bias was detected except for @entity1893 studies. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support an association between @entity1252 and @entity5 , not only demonstrating an increased risk for @entity1893 , @entity978 , @entity1778 , and some @entity1583 , including laryngeal, lung, @entity409 , but also a reduced risk for @entity320 . Although an increased risk of @entity1582 , and esophageal, bladder and @entity1489 was identified from the accumulated data in these studies, this observation requires confirmation.

title: XXXX Erythematous and Malignancy Risk: A Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer', 'liver and thyroid cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'vaginal/vulvar cancer', 'overall cancer', 'laryngeal cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['non-melanoma skin cancer', 'non-melanoma skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematous', 'SLE']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver, vaginal/vulvar, and thyroid malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['MM', 'multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'bladder cancers']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal and vaginal/vulvar cancers']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['non-hematologic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma', 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['skin melanoma']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['Systemic Lupus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity452 associated left ventricular (LV) wall motion analyses exhibit reduced sensitivity for detecting inducible @entity63 in individuals with increased LV wall thickness. This study was performed to better understand the mechanism of this reduced sensitivity in the elderly who often manifest increased LV wall thickness and risk factors for @entity453 . METHODS: During @entity452 cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DCMR) stress testing, we assessed rate pressure product (RPP), aortic pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ), LV myocardial @entity26 demand (pressure volume area, @entity939 , mass, volumes, concentricity, and the presence of wall motion abnormalities (WMA) and first pass @entity2287 enhanced @entity154 ( @entity154 ) indicative of @entity63 in 278 consecutively recruited individuals aged 69        8  years with pre-existing or known risk factors for @entity453 . Each variable was assessed independently by personnel blinded to @entity1 identifiers and analyses of other DCMR or hemodynamic variables. RESULTS: @entity1 were 80% white, 90% @entity101 , 43% @entity6 and 55% @entity1 . With @entity452 , 60% of the @entity1 who exhibited @entity154 had no inducible WMA. Among these @entity1 , myocardial @entity26 demand was lower than that observed in those who had both wall motion and perfusion abnormalities suggestive of @entity63 (p   =   0.03). Relative to those with @entity154 and inducible WMAs, myocardial @entity26 demand remained different in these individuals with @entity154 without an inducible WMA after accounting for LV afterload and contractility (p   =   0.02 and 0.03 respectively), but not after accounting for either LV stress related end diastolic volume index (LV preload) or resting concentricity (p   =   0.31-0.71). CONCLUSIONS: During @entity452 stress testing, elderly @entity1 experience increased LV concentricity and declines in LV preload and myocardial @entity26 demand, all of which are associated with an absence of inducible LV WMAs indicative of @entity741 . These findings provide insight as to why @entity452 associated wall motion analyses exhibit reduced sensitivity for identifying inducible @entity63 in elderly. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00542503) .

title: Mechanism of decreased sensitivity of @entity452 associated left ventricular wall motion analyses for appreciating inducible XXXX in older adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['PDs', 'perfusion defects']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['Dobutamine', 'dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity452 associated left ventricular (LV) wall motion analyses exhibit reduced sensitivity for detecting inducible @entity63 in individuals with increased LV wall thickness. This study was performed to better understand the mechanism of this reduced sensitivity in the elderly who often manifest increased LV wall thickness and risk factors for @entity453 . METHODS: During @entity452 cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DCMR) stress testing, we assessed rate pressure product (RPP), aortic pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ), LV myocardial @entity26 demand (pressure volume area, @entity939 , mass, volumes, concentricity, and the presence of wall motion abnormalities (WMA) and first pass @entity2287 enhanced @entity154 ( @entity154 ) indicative of @entity63 in 278 consecutively recruited individuals aged 69        8  years with pre-existing or known risk factors for @entity453 . Each variable was assessed independently by personnel blinded to @entity1 identifiers and analyses of other DCMR or hemodynamic variables. RESULTS: @entity1 were 80% white, 90% @entity101 , 43% @entity6 and 55% @entity1 . With @entity452 , 60% of the @entity1 who exhibited @entity154 had no inducible WMA. Among these @entity1 , myocardial @entity26 demand was lower than that observed in those who had both wall motion and perfusion abnormalities suggestive of @entity63 (p   =   0.03). Relative to those with @entity154 and inducible WMAs, myocardial @entity26 demand remained different in these individuals with @entity154 without an inducible WMA after accounting for LV afterload and contractility (p   =   0.02 and 0.03 respectively), but not after accounting for either LV stress related end diastolic volume index (LV preload) or resting concentricity (p   =   0.31-0.71). CONCLUSIONS: During @entity452 stress testing, elderly @entity1 experience increased LV concentricity and declines in LV preload and myocardial @entity26 demand, all of which are associated with an absence of inducible LV WMAs indicative of @entity741 . These findings provide insight as to why @entity452 associated wall motion analyses exhibit reduced sensitivity for identifying inducible @entity63 in elderly. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00542503) .

title: Mechanism of decreased sensitivity of XXXX associated left ventricular wall motion analyses for appreciating inducible @entity63 in older adults.

answer: @entity452 :: (MESH:D004280,Chemical) :: ['dobutamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obstetric anesthesia presents a challenge to the anesthesiologist. The effective @entity158 management allows the partu-rient adequate degree of comfort and promotes physical reco-very and a sense of well being. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized controlled study was designed to assess the analgesic efficacy and side effects of 1.20 mg single-dose epidural @entity1286 (Group 1) versus intermittent 12 hourly epidural @entity1286 (0.5 mg) with @entity1341 (Group2) for postoperative analgesia in lower segment caesarean section cases. RESULTS: Each group consisted of 36 @entity1 . Demographic characteristics of two groups were comparable and differences among them were not statistically significant. Mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group one @entity1 (16.5  2.5h) in comparison to group two @entity1 (11.5  1.5h). Mean highest visual analog scales (VAS scale) was significantly lower (3.2  0.9) in group one @entity1 in comparison of group two (6.7  0.8) @entity1 . Only 43% @entity1 in group one required supplementary perenteral analgesic (Paracetamole/ @entity3522 ) and 71% required epidural @entity1286 / @entity1341 in group two. Mean number of supplementary perenteral analgesic required in group one was 0.7 and it was 1.8 in group two. There was no significant difference in @entity390 , @entity391 , itching, and @entity111 in two groups of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the use of single dose epidural @entity1286 is associated with lower @entity158 scores at rest and movement when compared to intermittent epidural @entity1286 with @entity1341 in postcaesarean section analgesia.

title: Efficacy of single dose epidural @entity1286 versus intermittent low-dose epidural @entity1286 along with XXXX for postcaesarean section analgesia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['Diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritis']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['bupivacaine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obstetric anesthesia presents a challenge to the anesthesiologist. The effective @entity158 management allows the partu-rient adequate degree of comfort and promotes physical reco-very and a sense of well being. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized controlled study was designed to assess the analgesic efficacy and side effects of 1.20 mg single-dose epidural @entity1286 (Group 1) versus intermittent 12 hourly epidural @entity1286 (0.5 mg) with @entity1341 (Group2) for postoperative analgesia in lower segment caesarean section cases. RESULTS: Each group consisted of 36 @entity1 . Demographic characteristics of two groups were comparable and differences among them were not statistically significant. Mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group one @entity1 (16.5  2.5h) in comparison to group two @entity1 (11.5  1.5h). Mean highest visual analog scales (VAS scale) was significantly lower (3.2  0.9) in group one @entity1 in comparison of group two (6.7  0.8) @entity1 . Only 43% @entity1 in group one required supplementary perenteral analgesic (Paracetamole/ @entity3522 ) and 71% required epidural @entity1286 / @entity1341 in group two. Mean number of supplementary perenteral analgesic required in group one was 0.7 and it was 1.8 in group two. There was no significant difference in @entity390 , @entity391 , itching, and @entity111 in two groups of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the use of single dose epidural @entity1286 is associated with lower @entity158 scores at rest and movement when compared to intermittent epidural @entity1286 with @entity1341 in postcaesarean section analgesia.

title: Efficacy of single dose epidural XXXX versus intermittent low-dose epidural @entity1286 along with @entity1341 for postcaesarean section analgesia.

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obstetric anesthesia presents a challenge to the anesthesiologist. The effective @entity158 management allows the partu-rient adequate degree of comfort and promotes physical reco-very and a sense of well being. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized controlled study was designed to assess the analgesic efficacy and side effects of 1.20 mg single-dose epidural @entity1286 (Group 1) versus intermittent 12 hourly epidural @entity1286 (0.5 mg) with @entity1341 (Group2) for postoperative analgesia in lower segment caesarean section cases. RESULTS: Each group consisted of 36 @entity1 . Demographic characteristics of two groups were comparable and differences among them were not statistically significant. Mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group one @entity1 (16.5  2.5h) in comparison to group two @entity1 (11.5  1.5h). Mean highest visual analog scales (VAS scale) was significantly lower (3.2  0.9) in group one @entity1 in comparison of group two (6.7  0.8) @entity1 . Only 43% @entity1 in group one required supplementary perenteral analgesic (Paracetamole/ @entity3522 ) and 71% required epidural @entity1286 / @entity1341 in group two. Mean number of supplementary perenteral analgesic required in group one was 0.7 and it was 1.8 in group two. There was no significant difference in @entity390 , @entity391 , itching, and @entity111 in two groups of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the use of single dose epidural @entity1286 is associated with lower @entity158 scores at rest and movement when compared to intermittent epidural @entity1286 with @entity1341 in postcaesarean section analgesia.

title: Efficacy of single dose epidural @entity1286 versus intermittent low-dose epidural XXXX along with @entity1341 for postcaesarean section analgesia.

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: @entity128 was evaluated prospectively in 133 @entity1 undergoing open-heart surgery using iced saline slush for topical @entity2332 . In the control group of 70 @entity1 no attempt was made to shield the phrenic nerves from direct exposure to ice. Phrenic @entity16 occurred in 73% of these @entity1 , as assessed by persistent diaphragm @entity912 evident on inspiratory chest roentgenogram. In 2 @entity1 the @entity912 was bilateral. In the second group of 63 @entity1 a pericardial insulation pad was used to prevent contact of the iced slush to the phrenic nerve. Diaphragm @entity912 was observed in 17% of these @entity1 . This difference was highly significant (p less than .001). Diaphragm @entity912 in the control group was clinically significant; life-threatening @entity1576 developed in 7 @entity1 (14%), frequently resulting in multiple reintubations, tracheostomy, and prolonged mechanical ventilation. In addition, 4 @entity1 with @entity128 exhibited a clinical syndrome consistent with @entity356 , which may possibly represent hypothermic @entity764 . The likelihood of @entity128 when iced saline slush is used for topical @entity296 and the possibility of developing serious @entity1576 would support the routine use of pericardial insulation when this method of @entity2332 is used.

title: The effect of pericardial insulation on hypothermic XXXX during open-heart surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial cooling']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['phrenic nerve injury', 'Phrenic nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the thoracic vagi']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ileus']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disability', 'respiratory complications']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity128 :: (MESH:D020209,Disease) :: ['phrenic nerve injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Organ-preserving chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is the standard of care for non-metastatic @entity957 (SCC). The optimal dosing schedules are yet to be determined. To improve local control rates, dose escalation has been investigated but found to not increase efficacy at the expense of increased @entity137 for an unselected @entity1 population. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) performed during CRT have early data suggesting it to be an effective tool in predicting @entity5 response for SCC in related body sites. By performing multi-parametric MRI (mpmMRI) incorporating standard morphological, DWI and DCE sequences, we aim to determine whether the early changes in multi-parametric parameters during CRT can predict for later response in anal SCC. This may create opportunities to investigate treatment adaptation, either intensification or de-escalation, during CRT. METHODS/DESIGN: This protocol describes a prospective non-interventional multi-centre single-arm clinical trial. Twenty eligible @entity1 with histologically confirmed non-metastatic anal SCC will receive standard definitive CRT and undergo multi-parametric MRI's at the following 4 time points; prior to treatment, during the second and fourth weeks of treatment and 6-8 weeks following treatment. Complete response will be defined by the absence of @entity5 persistence or recurrence as determined by clinical examination at 6  months. Images will be retrospectively analysed to determine the apparent diffusion coefficient and @entity5 perfusion coefficients (Ktrans and Kep) at each time point. The Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon Test will be used compare the change in these parameters for responder's verses non-responders. DISCUSSION: If validated, mpmMRI, along with other risk factors, can be used to stratify @entity1 and guide radiation dosing in a prospective trial. Informed individualisation of treatment intensity should help us achieve our goals of improved efficacy and reduced @entity137 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12614001219673 (19/11/2014).

title: Multiparametric MRI as an outcome predictor for anal canal XXXX managed with chemoradiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['anal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['later tumour', 'tumour']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Contralateral @entity11757 caused by decompressive craniectomy tends to combine with external @entity1779 , causing @entity51 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nine @entity1 who underwent one-stage, simultaneous cranioplasty and contralateral subdural-peritoneal shunting were included in this study. Clinical outcome was assessed by Glasgow Outcome Scale as well as Glasgow @entity772 Scale, muscle power scoring system, and complications. RESULTS: Postoperative computed tomography scans demonstrated completely resolved @entity11757 and reversed midline shifts, indicating excellent outcome. Among these 9 @entity1 , 4 @entity1 (44%) had improved GOS following the proposed surgery. Four out of 4 @entity1 with lethargy became alert and orientated following surgical intervention. Muscle strength improved significantly 5 months after surgery in 7 out of 7 @entity1 with @entity425 . Two out of 9 @entity1 presented with drowsiness due to @entity1276 at an average time of 65 days after surgery. Double gradient shunting is useful to eliminate the respective @entity1276 and contralateral @entity11757 . CONCLUSION: The described surgical technique is effective in treating symptomatic contralateral @entity11757 following decompressive craniectomy and is associated with an excellent structural and functional outcome. However, subdural-peritoneal shunting plus cranioplasty thoroughly resolves the @entity11757 collection, which might deteriorate the cerebrospinal fluid circulation, leading to @entity1276 .

title: Simultaneous cranioplasty and subdural-peritoneal shunting for contralateral symptomatic XXXX following decompressive craniectomy.

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity11757 :: ('MESH:D013353', 'Disease') :: ['subdural hygroma']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral herniation']

answer: @entity11757 :: (MESH:D013353,Disease) :: ['subdural hygroma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) combined drug therapy by comparing it with treatment by drug therapy alone on @entity1 with @entity626 ( @entity626 ). METHODS: Totally 60 @entity626 @entity1 were assigned to the treatment group and the control group according to random digit table, 30 in each group. @entity1 in the control group took @entity5836 @entity4823 Capsule and Celecoxib Capsule. @entity1 in the treatment group additionally received @entity3 . The treatment course for all was 4 weeks. Scores for visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) @entity571 Index were observed and recorded at week 1 and 4 after treatment by acupotomology mirror. RESULTS: Compared with before treatment, improvement was shown in VAS score, @entity158 and @entity2693 degrees, activities and functions, and WOMAC scores at week 1 and 4 after treatment in all @entity1 with statistical difference (P < 0.05). Besides, better effect was shown in the treatment group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 combined drug therapy could relieve @entity626 @entity1 ' @entity158 , @entity2693 and joint activities, elevate the overall efficacy. @entity3 was easily operated with @entity130 .

title: [Treatment of Knee XXXX by Tendons of Minimally Invasive Therapy Combined Drug Ther- apy: a Clinical Observation of Sixty Cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis', 'KOA']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity5836 :: ('MESH:D006851', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrochloric Acid']

entities_list: @entity4823 :: ('MESH:D005944', 'Chemical') :: ['Glucosamine']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['TMIT', 'tendons of minimally invasive therapy']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['less injury']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['Osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between syndrome types of late-onset acne female @entity1 and constitutions of @entity1058 ( @entity1058 ). METHODS: A questionnaire was performed in 365 late-onset acne female @entity1 and 135 healthy subjects (as the control) using Professor WANG Qi's. methods and Standards for Chinese Medical Constitutions Classification. RESULTS: Their @entity1058 constitutions were sequenced as damp-heat @entity9528 , @entity20247 @entity9528 , balanced @entity9528 , @entity14717 @entity9528 , blood- @entity3179 @entity9528 , qi-stagnation @entity9528 , @entity942 @entity9528 , phlegm-damp @entity9528 , @entity74 , with statistical difference when compared with those of the control group (   2 = 85.206, P < 0.01). In the 365 female late-onset acne @entity1 , 114 (31.23%) were with @entity25975 , 108 (29.59%) were with blood @entity3179 or @entity3459 , 83 (22.74%) were with @entity8291 , and 60 (16.44%) were with @entity8291 . There was statistical difference in @entity1058 @entity9528 distributions among different @entity1058 syndrome types (  2 = 105.671, P < 0.01). The distribution of @entity1058 medical constitutions was different between the two groups. Biased constitutions were often seen in the @entity1 group, while balanced @entity9528 was often seen in the control group. Binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that influencing factors covered sweet food, light diet, roasted food, coffee, stress, work pressure, and family pressure. Of them light diet was one protective factor, while the rest were adverse factors. CONCLUSION: The etiology and syndrome types of female late-onset acne female @entity1 were associated with @entity1058 @entity9528 .

title: [Relation between Chinese Medical Constitutions of Female XXXX with Late-onset Acne: an Epidemiological Investigation].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity25975 :: ('MESH:D000137', 'Disease') :: ['Chongren imbalance syndrome']

entities_list: @entity14717 :: ('MESH:D016711', 'Disease') :: ['yang-deficiency']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['coagulated phlegm syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8291 :: ('MESH:D018882', 'Disease') :: ['dampness heat syndrome', 'wind heat syndrome']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited special constitution']

entities_list: @entity1058 :: ('MESH:C562377', 'Disease') :: ['Chinese medicine', 'CM']

entities_list: @entity9528 :: ('MESH:D005878', 'Disease') :: ['constitution']

entities_list: @entity20247 :: ('MESH:D016710', 'Disease') :: ['yin-deficiency']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['qi-deficiency']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: A necropsy case of a primary @entity980 with @entity9643 in the cerebrum of a 68-year-old @entity1 is reported. The clinical data showed a right @entity1158 and @entity4653 which became lethal in 6 months even though operation and radiation therapy were performed. Computed tomography revealed a large low-density area associated with the peripheral enhancement in the left basal ganglia, and multiple conglomerated calcified masses in the left temporal and occipital lobes. Biopsied and necropsied materials of the @entity5 in the basal ganglia was reddish brown in color and histologically was composed of purely mesenchymal derivatives with both embryonal and mature striated muscle cells but neither neuronal nor glial elements. Some of the @entity5 cells with extending slender cytoplasms showed obvious cross striations at the light and electron microscope levels and immunohistochemical reactivity for myoglobin. All @entity5 cells were also positive for @entity2277 , but not for glial fibrillary acidic protein. The clinical and necropsy findings revealed no @entity75 anywhere but in the brain. In addition, numerous dead oval eggs of @entity9642 were found in many @entity75 encapsulated by thick connective tissues with @entity730 and/or ossification. Clinicopathological features of 24 cases of primary @entity149 reported in the literature are reviewed briefly. The histogenesis of this @entity5 are discussed together with comments on @entity1779 .

title: Primary @entity980 combined with XXXX in the cerebrum: a necropsy case and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity9642 :: ('34504', 'Species') :: ['Paragonimus westermani']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion', 'cystoid lesions']

entities_list: @entity9643 :: ('MESH:D010237', 'Disease') :: ['chronic paragonimiasis']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral paragonimiasis']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity9643 :: (MESH:D010237,Disease) :: ['chronic paragonimiasis']


abstract: A necropsy case of a primary @entity980 with @entity9643 in the cerebrum of a 68-year-old @entity1 is reported. The clinical data showed a right @entity1158 and @entity4653 which became lethal in 6 months even though operation and radiation therapy were performed. Computed tomography revealed a large low-density area associated with the peripheral enhancement in the left basal ganglia, and multiple conglomerated calcified masses in the left temporal and occipital lobes. Biopsied and necropsied materials of the @entity5 in the basal ganglia was reddish brown in color and histologically was composed of purely mesenchymal derivatives with both embryonal and mature striated muscle cells but neither neuronal nor glial elements. Some of the @entity5 cells with extending slender cytoplasms showed obvious cross striations at the light and electron microscope levels and immunohistochemical reactivity for myoglobin. All @entity5 cells were also positive for @entity2277 , but not for glial fibrillary acidic protein. The clinical and necropsy findings revealed no @entity75 anywhere but in the brain. In addition, numerous dead oval eggs of @entity9642 were found in many @entity75 encapsulated by thick connective tissues with @entity730 and/or ossification. Clinicopathological features of 24 cases of primary @entity149 reported in the literature are reviewed briefly. The histogenesis of this @entity5 are discussed together with comments on @entity1779 .

title: Primary XXXX combined with @entity9643 in the cerebrum: a necropsy case and review of the literature.

answer: @entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known in @entity29 ( @entity29 ) regarding risk factors for @entity458 . The aims of our work were to evaluate the frequency of @entity148 and @entity308 among @entity1 with @entity29 and to determine the factors associated with these @entity74 in Tunisian @entity1 . METHODS: From June 2012 to April 2013, 60 consecutive @entity1 with @entity29 answered a questionnaire about psychological and socioeconomic factors and adherence to treatment. In this study we focused the analysis on the characteristics of @entity29 (type, localization, severity, treatment) and socioeconomic factors (professional, educational, and marital status). @entity148 and @entity308 were assessed by the Hospital @entity148 and @entity308 Scale (HADS). RESULTS: According to the HADS, 25 @entity1 (41.6%) were anxious while 4 (6.6%) were @entity308 . Three had @entity148 and @entity308 at the same time. Twelve @entity1 had a probable @entity148 , 2 @entity1 had a probable @entity308 and 3 @entity1 had a probable @entity308 and @entity148 at the same time. By univariate analysis, factors associated with @entity148 and @entity308 were: female gender (p<0.03), rent (p<0.03), high school graduation (p<0.009), @entity31 (p<0.05). By multivariate analysis, independent factors associated with these emotional disorders were: female gender (p=0.005, OR 11.3), the high school graduation (p=0.004, OR 12.1). CONCLUSION: In our cohort, risk factors for @entity148 and @entity308 were the high school graduation and @entity31 . Consequently, psychological interventions would be useful when these factors are identified.

title: Risk factors of XXXX in @entity29 in a tunisian survey. Results of a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['IBD type ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['psychological disorders']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['psychological disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known in @entity29 ( @entity29 ) regarding risk factors for @entity458 . The aims of our work were to evaluate the frequency of @entity148 and @entity308 among @entity1 with @entity29 and to determine the factors associated with these @entity74 in Tunisian @entity1 . METHODS: From June 2012 to April 2013, 60 consecutive @entity1 with @entity29 answered a questionnaire about psychological and socioeconomic factors and adherence to treatment. In this study we focused the analysis on the characteristics of @entity29 (type, localization, severity, treatment) and socioeconomic factors (professional, educational, and marital status). @entity148 and @entity308 were assessed by the Hospital @entity148 and @entity308 Scale (HADS). RESULTS: According to the HADS, 25 @entity1 (41.6%) were anxious while 4 (6.6%) were @entity308 . Three had @entity148 and @entity308 at the same time. Twelve @entity1 had a probable @entity148 , 2 @entity1 had a probable @entity308 and 3 @entity1 had a probable @entity308 and @entity148 at the same time. By univariate analysis, factors associated with @entity148 and @entity308 were: female gender (p<0.03), rent (p<0.03), high school graduation (p<0.009), @entity31 (p<0.05). By multivariate analysis, independent factors associated with these emotional disorders were: female gender (p=0.005, OR 11.3), the high school graduation (p=0.004, OR 12.1). CONCLUSION: In our cohort, risk factors for @entity148 and @entity308 were the high school graduation and @entity31 . Consequently, psychological interventions would be useful when these factors are identified.

title: Risk factors of @entity74 in XXXX in a tunisian survey. Results of a cross-sectional study.

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: CONTEXT: The administration of opioids intrathecally as a sole anesthetic has proven to be effective in providing adequate surgical anesthesia without much hemodynamic instability. AIM: This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of intrathecal @entity12586 as a sole anesthetic drug in @entity1 undergoing lower limb surgeries. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: It was a randomized single blinded study conducted in 60 @entity1 undergoing lower limb surgeries. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The @entity1 were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 @entity1 in each group. Group A received 2 ml (60 mg) intrathecal @entity12586 and Group B received 2 ml intrathecal 0.5% @entity1341 heavy before surgery. Duration of surgery, onset of sensory, and motor blockade and their duration, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and time for first rescue @entity1337 were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Group B showed a statistically significant earlier onset of sensory (2.54    0.87 vs. 3.66    1.10 min) and motor blocks (2.22    0.77 vs. 3.29    1.06 min). The majority of @entity1 in the group A (30%) attained the highest level of sensory block of T11, whereas the majority in group B (33.3%) attained the highest level of sensory block of T8. Majority in the Group A (60%) showed a motor block of Bromage scale Grade III at the beginning of surgery, whereas the majority in Group B (80%) showed a motor block of Bromage scale Grade IV. @entity616 was significantly prolonged in group B (124.33    14.84 vs. 115.60    18.39 min). However, duration of motor blockade was similar in both groups. Group B @entity1 required first @entity1337 earlier than Group A (5.24    1.98 h vs. 2.48    0.51 h) which was significant. There was no difference between groups with regard to HR intra-operatively. On comparison of the pre-induction MAP between 2 groups, there was no difference. But later on at 1, 3, 5 min intervals, the MAP was less in group B. But at 10 and 15 min there was no significant difference between groups. The significantly reduced MAP in group B was evident again at 30, 45, and 60 min. There was no difference between groups at 90 and 120 min. Group B required first @entity1337 earlier than group A which was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Because of adequate surgical anesthesia, intraoperative hemodynamic stability and prolonged post-operative @entity1337 , we recommend the use of intrathecal @entity12586 as a sole anesthetic agent for lower limb surgeries.

title: Efficacy and safety of intrathecal XXXX as a sole anesthetic agent for lower limb surgeries.

entities_list: @entity12586 :: ('MESH:D010423', 'Chemical') :: ['pentazocine']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['Duration of sensory block']

answer: @entity12586 :: (MESH:D010423,Chemical) :: ['pentazocine']