abstract: A @entity1 with severe @entity2010 , complicated by @entity6 , was first treated with a combination o @entity12880 and @entity16860 . Urine volume dropped from 18 litres/day ( @entity17258 = 10.5 ml/min) to 3.1-5.1 litres/day ( @entity17258 = -0.1 -+1.1 ml/min) under treatment. Ten months after the beginning of therapy treatment was maintained with @entity16860 alone; no significant rise in urine volume was observed. After 18 months when therapy was stopped for 5 days urine volume rose to 11.7 litres/day maximum ( @entity17258 = 6.6 ml/min). No obvious side effects occurred under treatment during a follow up for over 18 months. Serum levels for @entity5463 before and under treatment were below 1.0 pg/ml. Determination of free water clearance ( @entity17258 ) proved to be a highly sensitive and simple method for follow up controls. It is discussed whether the coincidental manifestation of @entity2010 and @entity6 may be caused by a single molecular lesion. This hypothesis is supported by data which imply that in both disease @entity16860 acts via a common molecular mechanism, the blocking of endogenous @entity1421 biosynthesis. Finally a treatment with oral "non-hormonal" drugs like @entity12880 and @entity16860 should be taken into consideration in some cases of @entity2010 as is demonstrated by this case report.

title: Treatment of @entity2010 complicated by XXXX with @entity16860 and @entity12880 .

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: A @entity1 with severe @entity2010 , complicated by @entity6 , was first treated with a combination o @entity12880 and @entity16860 . Urine volume dropped from 18 litres/day ( @entity17258 = 10.5 ml/min) to 3.1-5.1 litres/day ( @entity17258 = -0.1 -+1.1 ml/min) under treatment. Ten months after the beginning of therapy treatment was maintained with @entity16860 alone; no significant rise in urine volume was observed. After 18 months when therapy was stopped for 5 days urine volume rose to 11.7 litres/day maximum ( @entity17258 = 6.6 ml/min). No obvious side effects occurred under treatment during a follow up for over 18 months. Serum levels for @entity5463 before and under treatment were below 1.0 pg/ml. Determination of free water clearance ( @entity17258 ) proved to be a highly sensitive and simple method for follow up controls. It is discussed whether the coincidental manifestation of @entity2010 and @entity6 may be caused by a single molecular lesion. This hypothesis is supported by data which imply that in both disease @entity16860 acts via a common molecular mechanism, the blocking of endogenous @entity1421 biosynthesis. Finally a treatment with oral "non-hormonal" drugs like @entity12880 and @entity16860 should be taken into consideration in some cases of @entity2010 as is demonstrated by this case report.

title: Treatment of XXXX complicated by @entity6 with @entity16860 and @entity12880 .

entities_list: @entity12880 :: ('MESH:D002994', 'Chemical') :: ['clofibrate']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5463 :: ('MESH:D001127', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity16860 :: ('MESH:D002747', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpropamide']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic diabetes insipidus', 'diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity2010 :: (MESH:D003919,Disease) :: ['diabetes insipidus']


abstract: A @entity1 with severe @entity2010 , complicated by @entity6 , was first treated with a combination o @entity12880 and @entity16860 . Urine volume dropped from 18 litres/day ( @entity17258 = 10.5 ml/min) to 3.1-5.1 litres/day ( @entity17258 = -0.1 -+1.1 ml/min) under treatment. Ten months after the beginning of therapy treatment was maintained with @entity16860 alone; no significant rise in urine volume was observed. After 18 months when therapy was stopped for 5 days urine volume rose to 11.7 litres/day maximum ( @entity17258 = 6.6 ml/min). No obvious side effects occurred under treatment during a follow up for over 18 months. Serum levels for @entity5463 before and under treatment were below 1.0 pg/ml. Determination of free water clearance ( @entity17258 ) proved to be a highly sensitive and simple method for follow up controls. It is discussed whether the coincidental manifestation of @entity2010 and @entity6 may be caused by a single molecular lesion. This hypothesis is supported by data which imply that in both disease @entity16860 acts via a common molecular mechanism, the blocking of endogenous @entity1421 biosynthesis. Finally a treatment with oral "non-hormonal" drugs like @entity12880 and @entity16860 should be taken into consideration in some cases of @entity2010 as is demonstrated by this case report.

title: Treatment of @entity2010 complicated by @entity6 with @entity16860 and XXXX .

answer: @entity12880 :: (MESH:D002994,Chemical) :: ['clofibrate']


abstract: The effect of excess @entity904 on the closure of the neural tube in @entity19 embryos was examined with light microscopy, transmission and scanning electronmicroscopy. The embryos were treated with the vitamin just before closure of the brain vesicles and examined during the following 24 h, a period during which under normal conditions the brain completely closes. At 18--24 h after treatment the external features of the treated specimens began to differ from those of the controls. In the treated embryos the neural walls folded laterally and became widely separated, whereas those of the controls folded dorsomedially and fused in the midline. Histologically, the first difference between treated and control embryos was noted at two hours after treatment, when large intercellular spaces appeared between the neuroepithelial cells of the treated embryos. These spaces were mainly present between the apical ends of the wedge-shaped neuroepithelial cells. This accumulation of intercellular spaces interfered with the normal morphogenetic movement of the neural walls which remained convex instead of becoming concave. This convex bending resulted in non-closure of the neural tube. In addition to the appearance of large intercellular spaces some neuroepithelial cells as well as some mesenchymal, endothelial, and surface ectoderm cells showed swelling and @entity528 as a result of the @entity904 treatment. This cell @entity528 probably contributes to failure of the neural tube to close due to loss of cohesion at the luminal surface and the lack of mesenchymal support needed for the elevation of the neural walls. However, the increase of intercellular spaces at the apical side of the neuroepithelium is in all probability the major cause for the failure of the neural tube to close.

title: The influence of excess XXXX on neural tube closure in the @entity19 embryo.

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration']

answer: @entity904 :: (MESH:D014801,Chemical) :: ['vitamin A']


abstract: The effect of excess @entity904 on the closure of the neural tube in @entity19 embryos was examined with light microscopy, transmission and scanning electronmicroscopy. The embryos were treated with the vitamin just before closure of the brain vesicles and examined during the following 24 h, a period during which under normal conditions the brain completely closes. At 18--24 h after treatment the external features of the treated specimens began to differ from those of the controls. In the treated embryos the neural walls folded laterally and became widely separated, whereas those of the controls folded dorsomedially and fused in the midline. Histologically, the first difference between treated and control embryos was noted at two hours after treatment, when large intercellular spaces appeared between the neuroepithelial cells of the treated embryos. These spaces were mainly present between the apical ends of the wedge-shaped neuroepithelial cells. This accumulation of intercellular spaces interfered with the normal morphogenetic movement of the neural walls which remained convex instead of becoming concave. This convex bending resulted in non-closure of the neural tube. In addition to the appearance of large intercellular spaces some neuroepithelial cells as well as some mesenchymal, endothelial, and surface ectoderm cells showed swelling and @entity528 as a result of the @entity904 treatment. This cell @entity528 probably contributes to failure of the neural tube to close due to loss of cohesion at the luminal surface and the lack of mesenchymal support needed for the elevation of the neural walls. However, the increase of intercellular spaces at the apical side of the neuroepithelium is in all probability the major cause for the failure of the neural tube to close.

title: The influence of excess @entity904 on neural tube closure in the XXXX embryo.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: AIMS: Left atrial (LA) function helps to preserve @entity998 and to control pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in the setting of left ventricular (LV) impairment, but little is known about the contribution of the LA function to @entity943 . We sought whether LA booster pump function was associated with @entity943 in @entity1 undergoing primary prevention @entity737 ( @entity737 ) implantation for @entity384 ( @entity384 ), independent of @entity6475 ( @entity6475 ) and @entity1480 ( @entity1480 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: We identified 124 @entity384 @entity1 (56    13, 67 male) who underwent echocardiography pre- @entity737 implantation for primary prevention. The main outcome measure was appropriate @entity737 therapy (anti- @entity591 pacing or shock). The mitral A-wave was used as an LA functional marker. @entity1480 was defined as standard deviation of time to peak strain of each segment. Over a median follow-up of 3.8    2.2 years, 36 @entity1 had appropriate @entity737 therapy, including 23 shocks. @entity1 with appropriate @entity737 therapy had lower A-wave velocity (P < 0.001), larger LA volume (P < 0.001), and impaired circumferential @entity1480 (P = 0.006), but similar ejection fraction (EF) (P = 0.40) and @entity6475 (P = 0.11). In sequential Cox proportional hazards models, A-wave, E/A ratio, and @entity6475 were significantly associated with outcomes, independent of age, sex, and @entity299 or @entity714 . In nested Cox models, mitral A-wave had a prognostic value @entity1002 (E/A, E/e', and LA volume) and @entity1480 . CONCLUSION: LA booster pump function was an independent and incremental predictor of @entity943 in @entity384 over @entity6475 and @entity1480 , and may aid better risk stratification in this population.

title: Left atrial booster pump function is an independent predictor of subsequent life-threatening XXXX in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['left bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['NICM', 'non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'implantable cardioverter-defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['global longitudinal strain', 'GLS']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['incremental to models with LV systolic (EF and GLS) and diastolic functional parameters']

entities_list: @entity1480 :: ('MESH:C563184', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'mechanical dispersion']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To identify potential risk factors such as smoking, @entity65 ( @entity65 ), denture wearing, and consuming vitamin rich foods, and its relation to the development of @entity6312 ( @entity6312 ).   METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on @entity1 who attended the Department of Dentistry at The University of Jordan Hospital, Amman, Jordan between February and May 2013. Clinical examinations and inspections of 391 @entity1 (203 males and 188 females), 13-74 years of age were conducted to determine the presence of @entity6312 . Sublingual varices were classified into 2 categories: grade 0 (few or none visible), and grade one (moderate or severe). Frequency distributions of both @entity6312 and risk factors were obtained. Multiple logistic regression analysis and Chi-square test were used to analyze the influence of individual risk factors on the incidence of @entity6312 .   RESULTS: There were 88 subjects (22.5%) who had @entity6312 . In the multivariate logistic regression model, @entity6312 were significantly associated with age (odds ratio [OR]: 2.27, p=0.008) with highest occurrences in the eighth decade of life, gender (OR: 2.74, p=0.001), smoking (OR: 2.93, p=0.002), denture wearing (OR: 2.03, p=0.044), and @entity65 (OR: 4.01, p=0.00).   CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity6312 could be indicative of some potential risk factors including old age, female gender, and denture wearing, and may alert the dental clinician to recognize underlying systemic conditions, particularly @entity65 .  Saudi Med J 2015; Vol. 36 (3): 310-315doi: 10.15537/smj.2015.3.10429

title: Sublingual varices in relation to smoking, XXXX , denture wearing, and consuming vitamin rich foods.

entities_list: @entity6312 :: ('MESH:D014648', 'Disease') :: ['sublingual varices', 'SLV']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular diseases']


abstract: Despite nearly a half century of studies, it has not been fully understood how pulmonary alveoli, the elementary gas exchange units in @entity1 lungs, inflate and deflate during respiration. Understanding alveolar dynamics is crucial for treating @entity1 with @entity358 . In-vivo, real-time visualization of the alveoli during respiration has been hampered by active lung movement. Previous studies have been therefore limited to alveoli at lung apices or subpleural alveoli under open thorax conditions. Here we report direct and real-time visualization of alveoli of live intact @entity19 during respiration using tracking X-ray microscopy. Our studies, for the first time, determine the alveolar size of normal @entity19 in respiration without positive end expiratory pressure as 58    14 (mean    s.d.)  m on average, accurately measured in the lung bases as well as the apices. Individual alveoli of normal lungs clearly show heterogeneous inflation from zero to ~25% (6.7    4.7% (mean    s.d.)) in size. The degree of inflation is higher in the lung bases (8.7    4.3% (mean    s.d.)) than in the apices (5.7    3.2% (mean    s.d.)). The fraction of the total tidal volume allocated for @entity133 is 34    3.8% (mean    s.e.m). This study contributes to the better understanding of alveolar dynamics and helps to develop potential treatment options for @entity358 .

title: Synchrotron x-ray imaging of pulmonary alveoli in respiration in live intact XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary diseases']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar inflation']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity957 ( @entity957 ) are the second most common @entity5 of the @entity235 oral cavity resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Recently a @entity235 with multiple oral @entity957 that contained a novel papillomavirus (PV) was reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the genome of this novel PV. To do this a short section of PV DNA was amplified from an oral SCC and 'back-to-back' primers were designed. Due to the circular nature of PV DNA, these primers were then used to amplify the remainder of the genome by inverse PCR. The PCR product was sequenced using next generation sequencing and the full genome of the PV, consisting of 8007 bp, was assembled and analysed. As this is the seventeenth PV identified from the domestic @entity235 , the novel PV was designated @entity235 papillomavirus ( @entity24715 ) type 17. Similar to other @entity24715 types, the putative coding regions of @entity24715 -17 were predicted to produce 5 early and 2 late proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF L1 revealed greater than 70% similarity to @entity24715 -2 and @entity24715 -7 and we propose that @entity24715 -17 also be classified as a Taupapillomavirus 1. While it appears @entity24715 -17 is only rarely present in @entity235 oral @entity957 , evidence suggests that this PV could influence the development of oral @entity957 in this species.

title: Genomic characterisation of @entity235 papillomavirus type 17, a possible rare cause of @entity235 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['Squamous cell carcinomas', 'SCCs']

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['canine', 'dog', 'Canis familiaris']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: @entity957 ( @entity957 ) are the second most common @entity5 of the @entity235 oral cavity resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Recently a @entity235 with multiple oral @entity957 that contained a novel papillomavirus (PV) was reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the genome of this novel PV. To do this a short section of PV DNA was amplified from an oral SCC and 'back-to-back' primers were designed. Due to the circular nature of PV DNA, these primers were then used to amplify the remainder of the genome by inverse PCR. The PCR product was sequenced using next generation sequencing and the full genome of the PV, consisting of 8007 bp, was assembled and analysed. As this is the seventeenth PV identified from the domestic @entity235 , the novel PV was designated @entity235 papillomavirus ( @entity24715 ) type 17. Similar to other @entity24715 types, the putative coding regions of @entity24715 -17 were predicted to produce 5 early and 2 late proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF L1 revealed greater than 70% similarity to @entity24715 -2 and @entity24715 -7 and we propose that @entity24715 -17 also be classified as a Taupapillomavirus 1. While it appears @entity24715 -17 is only rarely present in @entity235 oral @entity957 , evidence suggests that this PV could influence the development of oral @entity957 in this species.

title: Genomic characterisation of XXXX papillomavirus type 17, a possible rare cause of @entity235 @entity957 .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: @entity957 ( @entity957 ) are the second most common @entity5 of the @entity235 oral cavity resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Recently a @entity235 with multiple oral @entity957 that contained a novel papillomavirus (PV) was reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the genome of this novel PV. To do this a short section of PV DNA was amplified from an oral SCC and 'back-to-back' primers were designed. Due to the circular nature of PV DNA, these primers were then used to amplify the remainder of the genome by inverse PCR. The PCR product was sequenced using next generation sequencing and the full genome of the PV, consisting of 8007 bp, was assembled and analysed. As this is the seventeenth PV identified from the domestic @entity235 , the novel PV was designated @entity235 papillomavirus ( @entity24715 ) type 17. Similar to other @entity24715 types, the putative coding regions of @entity24715 -17 were predicted to produce 5 early and 2 late proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF L1 revealed greater than 70% similarity to @entity24715 -2 and @entity24715 -7 and we propose that @entity24715 -17 also be classified as a Taupapillomavirus 1. While it appears @entity24715 -17 is only rarely present in @entity235 oral @entity957 , evidence suggests that this PV could influence the development of oral @entity957 in this species.

title: Genomic characterisation of @entity235 papillomavirus type 17, a possible rare cause of XXXX @entity957 .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: @entity808 are relatively rare @entity5 that arise from Schwann cells of the sheaths of peripheral nerves. They may be found in any portion of the body. In reported series of @entity808 , the percentage of @entity5 in the head and neck varies from 16% to 45%. Usually demonstrating slow growth, they often have a history of long duration, and are most often diagnosed in adults. Approximately 10% of @entity808 are diagnosed in @entity1 under 21 years of age. In this paper two @entity1 with large @entity808 of the head and neck are reported. In both, the symptoms were of relatively short duration, but physical findings suggested that the @entity5 had been present much longer. One @entity1 was a 10-year-old female with a @entity808 filling the anterior and posterior triangles of the left side of her neck and extending superiorly to the base of the skull. The @entity5 intimately involved the vagus, spinal accessory, and hypoglossal nerves. The other @entity1 was a 12-year-old female with a nasal @entity5 filling the right naris and nasopharynx. Our management of these @entity1 is discussed.

title: XXXX of the head and neck in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannoma', 'Schwannomas', 'schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['Schwannomas']


abstract: @entity808 are relatively rare @entity5 that arise from Schwann cells of the sheaths of peripheral nerves. They may be found in any portion of the body. In reported series of @entity808 , the percentage of @entity5 in the head and neck varies from 16% to 45%. Usually demonstrating slow growth, they often have a history of long duration, and are most often diagnosed in adults. Approximately 10% of @entity808 are diagnosed in @entity1 under 21 years of age. In this paper two @entity1 with large @entity808 of the head and neck are reported. In both, the symptoms were of relatively short duration, but physical findings suggested that the @entity5 had been present much longer. One @entity1 was a 10-year-old female with a @entity808 filling the anterior and posterior triangles of the left side of her neck and extending superiorly to the base of the skull. The @entity5 intimately involved the vagus, spinal accessory, and hypoglossal nerves. The other @entity1 was a 12-year-old female with a nasal @entity5 filling the right naris and nasopharynx. Our management of these @entity1 is discussed.

title: @entity808 of the head and neck in XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to determine the frequencies and clinicopathologic effect of a @entity15786 [DNA ( @entity5538 -5)-methyltransferase 3A] mutation in @entity1 with @entity11511 ( @entity11511 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 64 @entity1 with @entity11511 who had been admitted to Mansoura University Oncology Center were included in the present study. For all @entity1 , DNA extraction and amplification with sequencing analysis using the 310 ABI genetic analyzer for detection of a mutation ( @entity71593 ). RESULTS: The @entity15786 mutation ( @entity71593 ) was found in 12 of the 64 @entity1 (18.8%). The @entity15786 mutation was frequently detected in the older age group and was associated with high leukocytic counts, a high bone marrow blast cell percentage, and the frequent presence of extramedullary disease. However, it was not associated with the hemoglobin level, red blood cell count, or platelet count. The @entity1 with mutant @entity11511 had a low tendency to achieve remission after induction. These @entity1 had significantly shorter overall survival and shorter disease-free survival compared with those with wild-type @entity11511 (P  = .037 and P  = .006, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity15786 is frequently mutated in @entity11511 and is associated with distinct clinicopathologic entities and a poor prognosis. These findings could help in risk stratification and treatment decisions for @entity1 with @entity11511 .

title: Clinicopathologic Effect of @entity15786 Mutation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5538 :: ('MESH:D003596', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine']

entities_list: @entity11511 :: ('MESH:D054218', 'Disease') :: ['T-ALL', 'adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

answer: @entity11511 :: (MESH:D054218,Disease) :: ['Adult T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to determine the frequencies and clinicopathologic effect of a @entity15786 [DNA ( @entity5538 -5)-methyltransferase 3A] mutation in @entity1 with @entity11511 ( @entity11511 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 64 @entity1 with @entity11511 who had been admitted to Mansoura University Oncology Center were included in the present study. For all @entity1 , DNA extraction and amplification with sequencing analysis using the 310 ABI genetic analyzer for detection of a mutation ( @entity71593 ). RESULTS: The @entity15786 mutation ( @entity71593 ) was found in 12 of the 64 @entity1 (18.8%). The @entity15786 mutation was frequently detected in the older age group and was associated with high leukocytic counts, a high bone marrow blast cell percentage, and the frequent presence of extramedullary disease. However, it was not associated with the hemoglobin level, red blood cell count, or platelet count. The @entity1 with mutant @entity11511 had a low tendency to achieve remission after induction. These @entity1 had significantly shorter overall survival and shorter disease-free survival compared with those with wild-type @entity11511 (P  = .037 and P  = .006, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity15786 is frequently mutated in @entity11511 and is associated with distinct clinicopathologic entities and a poor prognosis. These findings could help in risk stratification and treatment decisions for @entity1 with @entity11511 .

title: Clinicopathologic Effect of XXXX Mutation in @entity11511 .

answer: @entity15786 :: (1788,Gene) :: ['DNMT3A']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity63 -reperfusion (I/R) causes remote organ injury (e.g., @entity99 ). Oxidation and @entity32 are crucial mechanisms. We investigated the effects of @entity71594 , a potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory drug, on alleviating @entity99 induced by limb I/R. METHODS: Twenty-four adult male @entity35 were randomized to receive sham operation (Sham), Sham plus @entity71594 , I/R, or I/R plus @entity71594 and designated as the Sham, Sham+Cep, I/R, or I/R+Cep group, respectively (n  =  6 in each group). I/R was induced by applying @entity2144 high around each hind limb for 3 hours followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. RESULTS: The plasma levels of @entity5906 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity3929 aminotransferase (ALT) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were low, and the levels of AST and ALT of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (both p<0.001). By contrast, the AST and ALT of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (both p<0.001). The hepatic levels of @entity842 (NO), @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity17104 ( @entity17104 ), @entity568 ( @entity568 ), and @entity4645 ( @entity4645 )/ @entity1421 (PGE2) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were also low. As expected, the NO, @entity1865 , @entity17104 , @entity568 , and @entity4645 /PGE2 of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (all p<0.001). By contrast, the NO, @entity1865 , @entity17104 , @entity568 , and @entity4645 /PGE2 of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity71594 alleviates @entity99 in a rodent model of limb I/R. The mechanisms may involve reducing oxidation and @entity32 .

title: XXXX alleviates @entity99 in a rodent model of @entity63 -reperfusion.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Limb ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity71594 :: ('MESH:C006947', 'Chemical') :: ['cepharanthine', 'Cepharanthine']

entities_list: @entity2144 :: ('MESH:D020315', 'Disease') :: ['rubber band tourniquets']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

entities_list: @entity17104 :: ('114105(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage inflammatory protein 2', 'MIP-2']

answer: @entity71594 :: (MESH:C006947,Chemical) :: ['Cepharanthine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity63 -reperfusion (I/R) causes remote organ injury (e.g., @entity99 ). Oxidation and @entity32 are crucial mechanisms. We investigated the effects of @entity71594 , a potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory drug, on alleviating @entity99 induced by limb I/R. METHODS: Twenty-four adult male @entity35 were randomized to receive sham operation (Sham), Sham plus @entity71594 , I/R, or I/R plus @entity71594 and designated as the Sham, Sham+Cep, I/R, or I/R+Cep group, respectively (n  =  6 in each group). I/R was induced by applying @entity2144 high around each hind limb for 3 hours followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. RESULTS: The plasma levels of @entity5906 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity3929 aminotransferase (ALT) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were low, and the levels of AST and ALT of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (both p<0.001). By contrast, the AST and ALT of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (both p<0.001). The hepatic levels of @entity842 (NO), @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity17104 ( @entity17104 ), @entity568 ( @entity568 ), and @entity4645 ( @entity4645 )/ @entity1421 (PGE2) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were also low. As expected, the NO, @entity1865 , @entity17104 , @entity568 , and @entity4645 /PGE2 of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (all p<0.001). By contrast, the NO, @entity1865 , @entity17104 , @entity568 , and @entity4645 /PGE2 of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity71594 alleviates @entity99 in a rodent model of limb I/R. The mechanisms may involve reducing oxidation and @entity32 .

title: @entity71594 alleviates XXXX in a rodent model of @entity63 -reperfusion.

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['liver injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity63 -reperfusion (I/R) causes remote organ injury (e.g., @entity99 ). Oxidation and @entity32 are crucial mechanisms. We investigated the effects of @entity71594 , a potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory drug, on alleviating @entity99 induced by limb I/R. METHODS: Twenty-four adult male @entity35 were randomized to receive sham operation (Sham), Sham plus @entity71594 , I/R, or I/R plus @entity71594 and designated as the Sham, Sham+Cep, I/R, or I/R+Cep group, respectively (n  =  6 in each group). I/R was induced by applying @entity2144 high around each hind limb for 3 hours followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. RESULTS: The plasma levels of @entity5906 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity3929 aminotransferase (ALT) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were low, and the levels of AST and ALT of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (both p<0.001). By contrast, the AST and ALT of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (both p<0.001). The hepatic levels of @entity842 (NO), @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity17104 ( @entity17104 ), @entity568 ( @entity568 ), and @entity4645 ( @entity4645 )/ @entity1421 (PGE2) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were also low. As expected, the NO, @entity1865 , @entity17104 , @entity568 , and @entity4645 /PGE2 of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (all p<0.001). By contrast, the NO, @entity1865 , @entity17104 , @entity568 , and @entity4645 /PGE2 of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity71594 alleviates @entity99 in a rodent model of limb I/R. The mechanisms may involve reducing oxidation and @entity32 .

title: @entity71594 alleviates @entity99 in a rodent model of XXXX -reperfusion.

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['limb ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently, laparoscopic distal gastrectomy has become one of the standard therapies for early @entity356 . However, there are still some obstacles in performing laparoscopic total gastrectomy( @entity6769 )as a standard therapy due to the difficulties in surgical techniques. We have performed @entity6769 for @entity1 with early @entity356 in the upper portion of the stomach since 2010. In this study, we compared early clinical outcomes of @entity6769 with those of open total gastrectomy (OTG)for @entity1 with cT1N0 @entity356 . METHODOLOGY: We reviewed 69 @entity1 who had @entity356 of cStage IA between January 2010 and December 2013. We performed a comparative study of short-term clinical outcomes, quantity of dissected lymph nodes, and in-hospital costs between @entity1 undergoing @entity6769 (n=34)and those undergoing OTG(n=35). RESULTS: The clinical characteristics of @entity1 were well matched in the @entity6769 and OTG groups. The median operating time was significantly longer for the @entity6769 group(p<.0001). The estimated @entity190 was significantly reduced in the @entity6769 group(p< 0.0001). The postoperative morbidity rate was 14.7% in the @entity6769 group and 14.2% in the OTG group with no significant difference. There were no differences in the total cost for hospital stay between the @entity6769 and OTG groups. CONCLUSIONS: We were able to perform @entity6769 safely and successfully for early @entity356 in our institute. The total cost of the treatment was almost the same between @entity6769 and OTG. We conclude that @entity6769 is a potential alternative in the management of early @entity356 .

title: [Comparison of Early Clinical Outcomes between Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy and Open Total Gastrectomy for Early-Stage XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of treating obstructive left-sided @entity694 with a combination of self-expandable metallic stent(SEMS)insertion and laparoscopic surgery. Ten @entity1 were included in this study. Two @entity1 @entity694 , and eight had obstructive sigmoid @entity694 . The @entity1 had a SEMS inserted preoperatively as a bridge to surgery. Efficient decompression was achieved in all the @entity1 , without any complications. Normal oral intake was possible until the laparoscopic, or laparoscope-assisted, one-stage radical operation. The SEMS insertion did not affect the surgical maneuver or laparoscopic operation at all. None of the @entity1 developed any @entity260 . After surgery, five @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity34 and three @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity5 . The remaining two @entity1 had distant @entity3 (para-aortic lymph node and liver)and were diagnosed with Stage IVdisease. Chemotherapy was administered to the two @entity1 with Stage IVdisease after a comparatively early recovery from a less invasive surgical procedure. SEMS insertion appears to be an effective, less invasive decompression method. When used in combination with laparoscopic surgery, SEMS insertion appears to be a safe and less invasive method of treating obstructive left-sided @entity694 .

title: [Combination of self-expandable metallic stent insertion and laparoscopic surgery as a less invasive treatment of obstructive left-sided XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Stage IIIA disease']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer', 'had obstructive transverse colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Stage II disease']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine how pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), parity, and pregnancy-related weight changes are associated with long-term risk of @entity85 . METHODS: A total of 79,687 mothers with singleton births from the Danish National Birth Cohort were included. Information on height and weight prior to pregnancy and 6 months postpartum as well as gestational weight gain (GWG) was obtained from telephone interviews, while parity was derived from the Danish Medical Birth Registry. Diagnoses of musculoskeletal conditions, including @entity571 , @entity74 , @entity1643 , and soft tissue disorders, were obtained from the Danish National @entity1 Registry. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of musculoskeletal conditions during a median follow-up of 12.4 years was 19.7%. The risk of musculoskeletal conditions increased with both increasing pre-pregnancy BMI and increasing parity. Compared to normal-weight first-time mothers, the highest risk was seen in @entity28 @entity1 with >2 births (HR 1.61 [95% confidence interval 1.41-1.83]). GWG of 10-15 kg was associated with the lowest risk of musculoskeletal conditions. Compared to @entity1 with no change in weight from preconception to 6 months after childbirth (  1 BMI unit), increasing postpartum weight increased the risk of musculoskeletal conditions in normal-weight and overweight @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that high pre-pregnancy BMI increases the risk of @entity85 . Low and high GWG, higher postpartum weight retention, and especially higher parity are associated with an increased risk. Prevention of being overweight before, during, and after pregnancy may reduce the risk of development of @entity85 among mothers.

title: Association of Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index, Pregnancy-Related Weight Changes, and Parity With the Risk of Developing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['disc disorders']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative musculoskeletal conditions']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['Degenerative Musculoskeletal Conditions']


abstract: In 20 healthy subjects hydro-saline depletion was achieved by a 4-day natriuretic treatment associated with hypo-saline diet. @entity935 (DA) was infused in subpressor dose (.1 microgram . kg-1 . @entity1009 ) during sustained hypotonic @entity2011 induced by 5% @entity413 infusion. Four 15-min clearance periods were performed. DA was infused during the 2nd and the 3rd period. The effective renal plasma flow (RPF) as well as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were calculated by PAH and @entity1011 clearances, respectively. In our experimental conditions DA produced: a) an increase in the abnormally isoosmotic @entity1372 reabsorption as % of @entity1372 distal load; b) a decrease in both @entity1372 and osmolar clearance; c) an early increase in free water clearance. RPF and GFR decreased not significantly. The present results indicate that DA in hydro-saline depletion helps to preserve the extracellular fluid volume in minimizing the salt and water loss associated with hypotonic @entity2011 . These effects on @entity1372 excretion may be related to sympathomimetic properties acquired by DA in this experimental condition.

title: [Sympathomimetic component of XXXX renal action in water-saline depletion].

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['Dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We evaluate the associations between 3 @entity703 scoring systems and their components with perioperative complications of partial nephrectomy. METHODS: A consecutive cohort of partial nephrectomy @entity1 was analyzed. @entity1 characteristics were abstracted from medical records. PADUA scores (preoperative aspects and dimensions used for anatomic classification), RENAL (radius exophyic/endophytic nearness anterior/posterior location scoring) nephrometry scores, and Centrality index (C-index) were determined from preoperative axial images by 2 independent reviewers. Cases were evaluated for @entity260 up to 30 days after surgery. Pre-specified complication definitions were used for 33 potential medical and surgical complications. Unadjusted and adjusted associations between overall scores, individual components, and complications were determined using log binomial regression. RESULTS: In total, 118 @entity1 were included in the study. Of these, 36 (30.5%) surgical complications occurred in 27 (22.9%) @entity1 . Fourteen (11.9%) were Clavien grade >= 3. Overall PADUA score was significantly associated with surgical and overall complications after adjusting for potential confounders. Among all components of the 3 scoring systems, only @entity5 diameter and exophytic/endophytic nature of the @entity5 were significantly associated with complications after adjusting for the other components of the respective scoring system (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity703 scoring systems may help predict the risk of complications after partial nephrectomy. Further refinement of current systems is required. A first step would be to include only components that are significantly associated with complications.

title: The association between XXXX scoring system components and complications of partial nephrectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumour', 'Renal tumour']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal tumour']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity22292 , a commonly used sedative in @entity1 during noninvasive diagnostic procedures, is associated with side effects like prolonged sedation, paradoxical excitement, @entity933 , and unpleasant taste. @entity6948 , a highly selective a-2 agonist, has better pharmacokinetic properties than @entity22292 . We conducted this prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial to evaluate efficacy of intranasal @entity6948 with that of a second oral dose of @entity22292 for rescue sedation during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in @entity1 . METHODS: One hundred and fifty @entity1 (age group: 1-6 months), who were not adequately sedated after initial oral dose of 50 mg  kg(-1) @entity22292 , were randomly divided into three groups with the following protocol for each group. Group C: second oral dose @entity22292 25 mg  kg(-1) ; Group L and Group H: intranasal @entity6948 in a dosage of 1 and 2 mcg  kg(-1) , respectively. Status of sedation, induction time, time to wake up, vital signs, @entity26 saturation, and recovery characteristics were recorded. RESULTS: Successful rescue sedation in Groups C, L, and H were achieved in 40 (80%), 47 (94%), and 49 (98%) of @entity1 , respectively, on an intention to treat analysis, and the proportion of @entity1 successfully sedated in Group H was more than that of Group L (P    0.01). There were no significant differences in sedation induction time; however, the time to wake up was significantly shorter in Group L as compared to that in Group C or @entity8108 (P < 0.01). No significant adverse hemodynamic or hypoxemic effects were observed in the study. CONCLUSION: Intranasal @entity6948 induced satisfactory rescue sedation in 1- to 6-month-old @entity1 during MRI study, and appears to cause sedation in a dose-dependent manner.

title: Comparison of rescue techniques for failed XXXX sedation for magnetic resonance imaging scans-additional @entity22292 vs intranasal @entity6948 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity22292 :: ('MESH:D002697', 'Chemical') :: ['chloral hydrate', 'Chloral hydrate']

answer: @entity22292 :: (MESH:D002697,Chemical) :: ['chloral hydrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity22292 , a commonly used sedative in @entity1 during noninvasive diagnostic procedures, is associated with side effects like prolonged sedation, paradoxical excitement, @entity933 , and unpleasant taste. @entity6948 , a highly selective a-2 agonist, has better pharmacokinetic properties than @entity22292 . We conducted this prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial to evaluate efficacy of intranasal @entity6948 with that of a second oral dose of @entity22292 for rescue sedation during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in @entity1 . METHODS: One hundred and fifty @entity1 (age group: 1-6 months), who were not adequately sedated after initial oral dose of 50 mg  kg(-1) @entity22292 , were randomly divided into three groups with the following protocol for each group. Group C: second oral dose @entity22292 25 mg  kg(-1) ; Group L and Group H: intranasal @entity6948 in a dosage of 1 and 2 mcg  kg(-1) , respectively. Status of sedation, induction time, time to wake up, vital signs, @entity26 saturation, and recovery characteristics were recorded. RESULTS: Successful rescue sedation in Groups C, L, and H were achieved in 40 (80%), 47 (94%), and 49 (98%) of @entity1 , respectively, on an intention to treat analysis, and the proportion of @entity1 successfully sedated in Group H was more than that of Group L (P    0.01). There were no significant differences in sedation induction time; however, the time to wake up was significantly shorter in Group L as compared to that in Group C or @entity8108 (P < 0.01). No significant adverse hemodynamic or hypoxemic effects were observed in the study. CONCLUSION: Intranasal @entity6948 induced satisfactory rescue sedation in 1- to 6-month-old @entity1 during MRI study, and appears to cause sedation in a dose-dependent manner.

title: Comparison of rescue techniques for failed @entity22292 sedation for magnetic resonance imaging scans-additional XXXX vs intranasal @entity6948 .

answer: @entity22292 :: (MESH:D002697,Chemical) :: ['chloral hydrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity22292 , a commonly used sedative in @entity1 during noninvasive diagnostic procedures, is associated with side effects like prolonged sedation, paradoxical excitement, @entity933 , and unpleasant taste. @entity6948 , a highly selective a-2 agonist, has better pharmacokinetic properties than @entity22292 . We conducted this prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial to evaluate efficacy of intranasal @entity6948 with that of a second oral dose of @entity22292 for rescue sedation during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in @entity1 . METHODS: One hundred and fifty @entity1 (age group: 1-6 months), who were not adequately sedated after initial oral dose of 50 mg  kg(-1) @entity22292 , were randomly divided into three groups with the following protocol for each group. Group C: second oral dose @entity22292 25 mg  kg(-1) ; Group L and Group H: intranasal @entity6948 in a dosage of 1 and 2 mcg  kg(-1) , respectively. Status of sedation, induction time, time to wake up, vital signs, @entity26 saturation, and recovery characteristics were recorded. RESULTS: Successful rescue sedation in Groups C, L, and H were achieved in 40 (80%), 47 (94%), and 49 (98%) of @entity1 , respectively, on an intention to treat analysis, and the proportion of @entity1 successfully sedated in Group H was more than that of Group L (P    0.01). There were no significant differences in sedation induction time; however, the time to wake up was significantly shorter in Group L as compared to that in Group C or @entity8108 (P < 0.01). No significant adverse hemodynamic or hypoxemic effects were observed in the study. CONCLUSION: Intranasal @entity6948 induced satisfactory rescue sedation in 1- to 6-month-old @entity1 during MRI study, and appears to cause sedation in a dose-dependent manner.

title: Comparison of rescue techniques for failed @entity22292 sedation for magnetic resonance imaging scans-additional @entity22292 vs intranasal XXXX .

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']


abstract: Methods. "Ameijeiras Brother's" and "Cmdt. Manuel Fajardo" Hospitals enrolled 64 @entity1 (multicentre retrospective cohort) with @entity510 and rebleeding. The @entity1 were admitted to the @entity64 Unit (SU) between January 1, 2006, and December 1, 2013. Demographic, clinical, and radiological variables were examined in logistic regression to evaluate independent factors for increasing the risk of @entity204 . Results. @entity1 with systolic blood pressure >160   mmHg (P = 0.02), serum @entity413 >7   mmol/L (P = 0.02), @entity439 location in artery communicant anterior (P = 0.03), and black/mixed race (P = 0.008) were significant related to @entity204 in univariate analysis. Risk factors (HTA, smoke, @entity167 consumption, and @entity3918 ), complication, multiplex rebleeding and stage of WFNS, and Fisher's scale were not related to mortality. @entity1 with three or more complications had a higher mortality rate (P = 0.002). The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that race (black/mixed, P = 0.00, OR 4.62, and 95% IC 1.40-16.26), systolic blood pressure (>160   mmHg, P = 0.05, OR 2.54, and 95% IC 1.01-3.13), and serum @entity413 (>7.0   mmol/L, P = 0.05, OR 1.82, and 95% IC 1.27-2.67) were independent risk factors for @entity204 . Conclusions. The black/mixed race, @entity13519 , and serum @entity413 were independent predictors of mortality. Three or more complications were associated with increasing the probability to @entity204 . Further investigation is necessary to validate these findings.

title: Predictor's of Mortality in @entity1 with XXXX and Reebleding.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage']


abstract: Methods. "Ameijeiras Brother's" and "Cmdt. Manuel Fajardo" Hospitals enrolled 64 @entity1 (multicentre retrospective cohort) with @entity510 and rebleeding. The @entity1 were admitted to the @entity64 Unit (SU) between January 1, 2006, and December 1, 2013. Demographic, clinical, and radiological variables were examined in logistic regression to evaluate independent factors for increasing the risk of @entity204 . Results. @entity1 with systolic blood pressure >160   mmHg (P = 0.02), serum @entity413 >7   mmol/L (P = 0.02), @entity439 location in artery communicant anterior (P = 0.03), and black/mixed race (P = 0.008) were significant related to @entity204 in univariate analysis. Risk factors (HTA, smoke, @entity167 consumption, and @entity3918 ), complication, multiplex rebleeding and stage of WFNS, and Fisher's scale were not related to mortality. @entity1 with three or more complications had a higher mortality rate (P = 0.002). The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that race (black/mixed, P = 0.00, OR 4.62, and 95% IC 1.40-16.26), systolic blood pressure (>160   mmHg, P = 0.05, OR 2.54, and 95% IC 1.01-3.13), and serum @entity413 (>7.0   mmol/L, P = 0.05, OR 1.82, and 95% IC 1.27-2.67) were independent risk factors for @entity204 . Conclusions. The black/mixed race, @entity13519 , and serum @entity413 were independent predictors of mortality. Three or more complications were associated with increasing the probability to @entity204 . Further investigation is necessary to validate these findings.

title: Predictor's of Mortality in XXXX with @entity510 and Reebleding.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pre-operative opioid use has been suggested to increase post-operative @entity158 and opioid consumption after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but previous studies are either retrospective or inhomogeneous with regard to surgical procedures or control of analgesic regimes, or with few opioid-treated @entity1 , hindering firm conclusions. METHODS: In a prospective observational study, we investigated the effect of > 4 weeks pre-operative opioid use [none vs. low dose (< 30 mg @entity1286 equivalents (eq.)) vs. high dose (> 30 mg @entity1286 eq.] in @entity1 scheduled for primary, unilateral TKA. All @entity1 had well-defined multimodal opioid-sparring perioperative analgesic therapy, and continued any pre-operative opioid medication. The primary outcome was differences between groups in @entity158 at rest and during walk for the first 6 post-operative days. RESULTS: Among 123 @entity1 included, 115 were available for final analysis (93% follow-up rate). Post-operative @entity158 during walk was significantly increased in both opioid-treated groups vs. non-opioid-treated @entity1 (P < 0.009). Secondary analysis of combining all pre-operatively opioid-treated @entity1 vs. opioid-free @entity1 , showed significantly increased @entity158 at rest and walk and increased post-operative opioid requirement - excluding pre-operative dosage - during the first post-operative week in opioid-treated @entity1 (P = 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSION: Pre-operative opioid use increases the risk for post-operative @entity158 at rest and walk, and increased opioid consumption after TKA.

title: Chronic pre-operative opioid use and acute XXXX after fast-track total knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity12067 are key regulators of development, growth and reproduction in fish. In the present study we have cloned and characterized the cDNA and genomic sequences of @entity442 and @entity5100 in the white seabream (Diplodus sargus). The @entity442 and @entity5100 genes were encoded putatively by five and four exons, respectively. Moreover, the 5'-flanking upstream region of the @entity442 gene contained highly conserved regulatory elements including @entity5448 , @entity10354 , @entity6863 ( @entity6863 ) and the TATA box. The full-length cDNAs were 1225 and 1666 nucleotides long for @entity442 and @entity5100 , respectively. Sequence analysis identified the A-E domains as well as three spliced forms involving the E domain in exons 3-5. ORF identities were higher than 83% with respect to other fish orthologs. Expression analysis demonstrated that @entity442 and its spliced forms were mostly expressed in liver, whereas the @entity5100 was expressed ubiquitously not detecting significant differences among the ten tissues analyzed. Hormonal treatments using the porcine GH demonstrated a sharply increase of both @entity442 and @entity5100 mRNA levels in liver and gills at 30min and 1h after injection. In the gonads, @entity442 mRNA levels increased steadily with testis and ovary maturation. In contrast, @entity5100 transcript amounts were higher in immature stages (S1-S2). Hormonal treatments using GH and @entity1176 demonstrated that @entity442 and @entity5100 expression were upregulated in the gonads. Overall, these data demonstrate that @entity442 and @entity5100 are locally expressed in several tissues and regulated by key hormones of the somatotropic and gonadotropic axes.

title: Molecular characterization and transcriptional regulation by GH and XXXX of insulin-like growth factors I and II in white seabream (Diplodus sargus).

entities_list: @entity12067 :: ('3479;3481', 'Gene') :: ['Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) I and II']

entities_list: @entity6863 :: ('1050', 'Gene') :: ['C/EBP', 'CCAAT/enhancer binding protein']

answer: @entity1176 :: (MESH:D007987,Chemical) :: ['GnRH']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines ( @entity1485 ) have indirect effects due to decreased @entity328 colonization in vaccine recipients. We sought to determine whether the introduction of PCV13 in @entity1 led to changes in the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in adults. METHODS: We described demographics, comorbidities, clinical manifestations, and serotypes of @entity3 in Utah adults before (November 2009-February 2010) and after (March 2010-March 2012) the introduction of PCV13 in @entity1 . We also compare serotypes causing @entity3 in Utah adults and @entity1 . RESULTS: After the introduction of PCV13 in the childhood vaccine program, the proportion of @entity3 due to PCV13 exclusive serotypes decreased significantly in Utah adults (64-40%, p=0.009), primarily due to a decline in serotype 7F (36-15%, p=0.008). There were non-significant increases in @entity3 due to Pneumococcal polysaccharide 23 (PPV23) unique serotypes and non-vaccine serotypes, most notably serotype 22F. Changes in the proportions of vaccine and non-vaccine serotypes were similar in adults and @entity1 . @entity693 was more commonly due to non-vaccine serotypes relative to @entity693 cases (47% vs. 18%, p=0.007). When stratified by sex, decreases in PCV13 serotype @entity3 were only noted in @entity1 (76-33%, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Serotype epidemiology of @entity3 in adults closely follows that of @entity1 in the PCV13 era. Continued surveillance is needed to confirm whether replacement serotypes will lead to increases in @entity2506 and whether there are sex differences in the indirect effects of @entity1485 vaccination in @entity1 .

title: Early XXXX serotype changes in Utah adults after the introduction of PCV13 in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2506 :: ('MESH:D008586', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal meningitis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['Meningitis', 'non-meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['IPD', 'invasive pneumococcal disease']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity328 :: (1313,Species) :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines ( @entity1485 ) have indirect effects due to decreased @entity328 colonization in vaccine recipients. We sought to determine whether the introduction of PCV13 in @entity1 led to changes in the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in adults. METHODS: We described demographics, comorbidities, clinical manifestations, and serotypes of @entity3 in Utah adults before (November 2009-February 2010) and after (March 2010-March 2012) the introduction of PCV13 in @entity1 . We also compare serotypes causing @entity3 in Utah adults and @entity1 . RESULTS: After the introduction of PCV13 in the childhood vaccine program, the proportion of @entity3 due to PCV13 exclusive serotypes decreased significantly in Utah adults (64-40%, p=0.009), primarily due to a decline in serotype 7F (36-15%, p=0.008). There were non-significant increases in @entity3 due to Pneumococcal polysaccharide 23 (PPV23) unique serotypes and non-vaccine serotypes, most notably serotype 22F. Changes in the proportions of vaccine and non-vaccine serotypes were similar in adults and @entity1 . @entity693 was more commonly due to non-vaccine serotypes relative to @entity693 cases (47% vs. 18%, p=0.007). When stratified by sex, decreases in PCV13 serotype @entity3 were only noted in @entity1 (76-33%, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Serotype epidemiology of @entity3 in adults closely follows that of @entity1 in the PCV13 era. Continued surveillance is needed to confirm whether replacement serotypes will lead to increases in @entity2506 and whether there are sex differences in the indirect effects of @entity1485 vaccination in @entity1 .

title: Early @entity328 serotype changes in Utah adults after the introduction of PCV13 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity66 ( @entity66 ) for @entity15 ( @entity15 ) can reduce relapses and delay progression; however, poor adherence and persistence with @entity66 can result in sub-optimal outcomes. The associations between @entity66 adherence and persistence and inpatient admissions and emergency room (ER) visits were investigated. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity15 who initiated a @entity66 in a US administrative claims database were followed for 1 year. Persistence to initiated @entity66 was measured as the time from @entity66 initiation to discontinuation (a gap of >60 days without drug 'on hand') or end of 1-year follow-up. Adherence to initiated @entity66 was measured during the persistent period and was operationalized as the medication possession ratio (MPR). @entity1 with an MPR <0.80 were considered non-adherent. Claims during the 1-year follow-up period were evaluated for the presence of an all-cause inpatient admission or an ER visit. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for inpatient admission or ER visit comparing persistent vs non-persistent and adherent vs non-adherent @entity1 were estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for @entity1 characteristics. RESULTS: The final sample included 16,218 @entity1 . During the 1-year follow-up period, 35.3% of @entity1 discontinued their initiated @entity66 and 13.9% were not adherent while on therapy. During that same period, 10.0% of @entity1 had an inpatient admission and 24.9% had an ER visit. The likelihoods of inpatient admission and ER visit were significantly decreased in persistent @entity1 (AOR [95% CI]   =   0.50 [0.45, 0.56] and 0.65 [0.60, 0.69], respectively) and in adherent @entity1 (AOR [95% CI]   =   0.83 [0.71, 0.97] and 0.86 [0.77, 0.95], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Persistence and adherence with initiated @entity66 are associated with decreased likelihoods of inpatient admission or ER visit, which may translate to improved clinical outcomes.

title: The impact of persistence with therapy on inpatient admissions and emergency room visits in the US among @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Disease-modifying therapy', 'DMT']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity66 ( @entity66 ) for @entity15 ( @entity15 ) can reduce relapses and delay progression; however, poor adherence and persistence with @entity66 can result in sub-optimal outcomes. The associations between @entity66 adherence and persistence and inpatient admissions and emergency room (ER) visits were investigated. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity15 who initiated a @entity66 in a US administrative claims database were followed for 1 year. Persistence to initiated @entity66 was measured as the time from @entity66 initiation to discontinuation (a gap of >60 days without drug 'on hand') or end of 1-year follow-up. Adherence to initiated @entity66 was measured during the persistent period and was operationalized as the medication possession ratio (MPR). @entity1 with an MPR <0.80 were considered non-adherent. Claims during the 1-year follow-up period were evaluated for the presence of an all-cause inpatient admission or an ER visit. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for inpatient admission or ER visit comparing persistent vs non-persistent and adherent vs non-adherent @entity1 were estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for @entity1 characteristics. RESULTS: The final sample included 16,218 @entity1 . During the 1-year follow-up period, 35.3% of @entity1 discontinued their initiated @entity66 and 13.9% were not adherent while on therapy. During that same period, 10.0% of @entity1 had an inpatient admission and 24.9% had an ER visit. The likelihoods of inpatient admission and ER visit were significantly decreased in persistent @entity1 (AOR [95% CI]   =   0.50 [0.45, 0.56] and 0.65 [0.60, 0.69], respectively) and in adherent @entity1 (AOR [95% CI]   =   0.83 [0.71, 0.97] and 0.86 [0.77, 0.95], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Persistence and adherence with initiated @entity66 are associated with decreased likelihoods of inpatient admission or ER visit, which may translate to improved clinical outcomes.

title: The impact of persistence with therapy on inpatient admissions and emergency room visits in the US among XXXX with @entity15 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) management is challenging. In recent years, efforts were undertaken to achieve better @entity5 management, e.g. clinical research, new treatment modalities, development of guidelines, education and focus on implementation. The aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence and characteristics of @entity158 and @entity158 ( @entity158 ) between cross-sectional studies conducted in 2008 and 2014. It was hypothesized that an improvement in @entity158 control would be observed the years in between. METHODS: Two cross-sectional studies were conducted where @entity5 @entity1 answered questions from Brief Pain Inventory and the Alberta Breakthrough Pain Assessment Tool for @entity5 @entity1 . Physicians reported socio-demographic and medical data. Regression models were applied for analysis. RESULTS: In total, 168 inpatients, 92 in 2008 and 76 in 2014, and 675 outpatients, 301 in 2008 and 374 in 2014, were included. The @entity1 characteristics of the samples were comparable. Prevalence of @entity5 among inpatients was 55  % in 2008 and 53  % in 2014, and among outpatients, 39 and 35  %, respectively. Inpatients reported average @entity158 intensity (0-10 numerical rating scale, NRS) of 3.60 (standard deviation, SD 1.84) (2008) and 4.08 (SD 2.11) (2014); prevalence of @entity158 was 52  % (2008) and 41  % (2014). For outpatients, average @entity158 intensity was 3.60 (SD 2.04) (2008) and 3.86 (SD 2.20) (2014); prevalence of @entity158 was 43  % (2008) and 37  % (2014). None of the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Unexpectedly, no improvement in @entity158 control was observed. Efforts are still needed to improve @entity5 management.

title: Is it possible to detect an improvement in XXXX management? A comparison of two Norwegian cross-sectional studies conducted 5  years apart.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adult cancer', 'Cancer pain', 'CP', 'cancer', 'cancer pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['breakthrough pain', 'BTP', 'pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: More and more @entity1 are being treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). Under treatment with DOACs @entity360 appears to occur more frequently, particularly in the lower gastrointestinal tract, compared to treatment with @entity2067 antagonists (e.g. @entity1229 ). OBJECTIVE: A possible approach should now be elaborated in a joint effort by gastroenterologists and cardiologists. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A selective literatue search was carried out and own experiences were also included. RESULTS: The decision to perform procoagulant therapy by slowly injecting 30-50  IU prothrombin complex concentrate ( @entity30971 ) per kg body weight intravenously depends on various factors and should be assessed critically. Specific antidotes are awaiting approval. After a @entity548 episode potentially controllable and reversible triggers must be excluded (e.g. drug interactions and @entity8 ). The risk of recurrent @entity548 and the risk of @entity1031 events have to be weighed against each other before deciding to readminister an anticoagulant and its form. Dose reduction and changing to @entity5424 (in reduced dosage) are options for risk reduction and @entity2067 antagonists can also be considered. DISCUSSION: It is still unclear what role specific antidotes will play.

title: [Direct oral anticoagulation and XXXX : Interventional therapy management].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity5424 :: ('MESH:C522181', 'Chemical') :: ['apixaban']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Despite advances towards integration of care for @entity1 with co-occurring @entity734 ( @entity734 ) and @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ), low abstinence rates following @entity734 / @entity1005 treatment remain the norm. The utility of investigating distinct substance use trajectories is a critical innovation in the detection and refining of effective interventions for this clinical population. DESIGN AND METHODS: The present study reanalysed data from the largest randomised clinical trial to date for co-occurring @entity734 and @entity1005 in @entity1 (National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network; @entity1 and @entity130 Study). Randomised @entity1 (n   =   353) received one of two interventions in addition to treatment as usual for @entity734 : (i) @entity130 -informed integrative treatment for @entity1005 / @entity734 ; or (ii) an active control psychoeducation course on @entity1 's health. The present study utilised latent growth mixture models (LGMM) with multiple groups to estimate @entity1 's substance use patterns during the 12-month follow-up period. RESULTS: Findings provided support for three different trajectories of substance use in the post-treatment year: (i) consistently low likelihood and use frequency; (ii) consistently high likelihood and use frequency; and (iii) high likelihood and moderate use frequency. Covariate analyses revealed improvement in @entity1005 severity was associated with membership in a specific substance use trajectory, although receiving @entity130 -informed treatment was not. Additionally, @entity734 severity, age and after-care efforts were shown to be related to trajectory membership. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the necessity of accounting for heterogeneity in post-treatment substance use, relevance of @entity130 -informed care in @entity734 recovery and benefits of incorporating methodologies like LGMM when evaluating @entity734 treatment outcomes. [L  pez-Castro T, Hu M-C, Papini S, Ruglass LM, Hien DA. Pathways to change: Use trajectories following @entity130 -informed treatment of @entity1 with co-occurring @entity1005 and substance use disorders. Drug @entity167 Rev 2015].

title: Pathways to change: Use trajectories following XXXX -informed treatment of @entity1 with co-occurring @entity1005 and substance use disorders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance use disorder', 'SUD']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Despite advances towards integration of care for @entity1 with co-occurring @entity734 ( @entity734 ) and @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ), low abstinence rates following @entity734 / @entity1005 treatment remain the norm. The utility of investigating distinct substance use trajectories is a critical innovation in the detection and refining of effective interventions for this clinical population. DESIGN AND METHODS: The present study reanalysed data from the largest randomised clinical trial to date for co-occurring @entity734 and @entity1005 in @entity1 (National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network; @entity1 and @entity130 Study). Randomised @entity1 (n   =   353) received one of two interventions in addition to treatment as usual for @entity734 : (i) @entity130 -informed integrative treatment for @entity1005 / @entity734 ; or (ii) an active control psychoeducation course on @entity1 's health. The present study utilised latent growth mixture models (LGMM) with multiple groups to estimate @entity1 's substance use patterns during the 12-month follow-up period. RESULTS: Findings provided support for three different trajectories of substance use in the post-treatment year: (i) consistently low likelihood and use frequency; (ii) consistently high likelihood and use frequency; and (iii) high likelihood and moderate use frequency. Covariate analyses revealed improvement in @entity1005 severity was associated with membership in a specific substance use trajectory, although receiving @entity130 -informed treatment was not. Additionally, @entity734 severity, age and after-care efforts were shown to be related to trajectory membership. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the necessity of accounting for heterogeneity in post-treatment substance use, relevance of @entity130 -informed care in @entity734 recovery and benefits of incorporating methodologies like LGMM when evaluating @entity734 treatment outcomes. [L  pez-Castro T, Hu M-C, Papini S, Ruglass LM, Hien DA. Pathways to change: Use trajectories following @entity130 -informed treatment of @entity1 with co-occurring @entity1005 and substance use disorders. Drug @entity167 Rev 2015].

title: Pathways to change: Use trajectories following @entity130 -informed treatment of @entity1 with co-occurring XXXX and substance use disorders.

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['post-traumatic stress disorder']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Despite advances towards integration of care for @entity1 with co-occurring @entity734 ( @entity734 ) and @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ), low abstinence rates following @entity734 / @entity1005 treatment remain the norm. The utility of investigating distinct substance use trajectories is a critical innovation in the detection and refining of effective interventions for this clinical population. DESIGN AND METHODS: The present study reanalysed data from the largest randomised clinical trial to date for co-occurring @entity734 and @entity1005 in @entity1 (National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network; @entity1 and @entity130 Study). Randomised @entity1 (n   =   353) received one of two interventions in addition to treatment as usual for @entity734 : (i) @entity130 -informed integrative treatment for @entity1005 / @entity734 ; or (ii) an active control psychoeducation course on @entity1 's health. The present study utilised latent growth mixture models (LGMM) with multiple groups to estimate @entity1 's substance use patterns during the 12-month follow-up period. RESULTS: Findings provided support for three different trajectories of substance use in the post-treatment year: (i) consistently low likelihood and use frequency; (ii) consistently high likelihood and use frequency; and (iii) high likelihood and moderate use frequency. Covariate analyses revealed improvement in @entity1005 severity was associated with membership in a specific substance use trajectory, although receiving @entity130 -informed treatment was not. Additionally, @entity734 severity, age and after-care efforts were shown to be related to trajectory membership. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the necessity of accounting for heterogeneity in post-treatment substance use, relevance of @entity130 -informed care in @entity734 recovery and benefits of incorporating methodologies like LGMM when evaluating @entity734 treatment outcomes. [L  pez-Castro T, Hu M-C, Papini S, Ruglass LM, Hien DA. Pathways to change: Use trajectories following @entity130 -informed treatment of @entity1 with co-occurring @entity1005 and substance use disorders. Drug @entity167 Rev 2015].

title: Pathways to change: Use trajectories following @entity130 -informed treatment of XXXX with co-occurring @entity1005 and substance use disorders.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Incomplete removal of pharmaceuticals during wastewater treatment can result in their discharge into the aquatic environment. The discharge of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents into rivers, lakes and the oceans has led to detectable concentrations of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment in many countries. However, to date studies of WWTP discharges into the aquatic environment have largely been confined to areas of relatively high population density, industrial activity or systems impacted on by such areas. In this work, two sites in the far north of Scotland were used to assess whether, and which, pharmaceuticals were being introduced into natural waters in a rural environment with low population density. Samples from two WWTPs (with differing modes of operation), and one receiving water, the River Thurso, were analysed for the presence of 12 pharmaceuticals ( @entity3522 , @entity34021 , @entity2929 , @entity5018 , @entity7154 , @entity1443 , @entity1169 , @entity207 , @entity440 , @entity206 and @entity15848 ). Ten of the 12 pharmaceuticals investigated were detected in at least one of the 40 WWTP effluent samples. Maximum concentrations ranged from 7  ng  L(-1) ( @entity207 ) to 22.8   g  L(-1) ( @entity1443 ) with @entity3522 and @entity7154 being present in all of samples analysed at concentrations between 24.2 and 927  ng  L(-1) and 11.5 and 22.8   g  L(-1), respectively. Additionally, the presence of four pharmaceuticals at ng L(-1) levels in the River Thurso, into which one of the WWTPs discharges, shows that such discharges result in measurable levels of pharmaceuticals in the environment. This provides direct evidence that, even in rural areas with low population densities, effluents from WWTPs can produce quantifiable levels of @entity1 pharmaceutical in the natural aquatic environment. These observations indicate that @entity1 pharmaceuticals may be considered as contaminants, with potential to influence water quality, management and conservation not only in urban and industrial regions but also those more rural in nature.

title: Introduction of XXXX pharmaceuticals from wastewater treatment plants into the aquatic environment: a rural perspective.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity34021 :: ('MESH:D002995', 'Chemical') :: ['clofibric acid']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity7154 :: ('MESH:D008528', 'Chemical') :: ['mefenamic acid']

entities_list: @entity15848 :: ('MESH:D011431', 'Chemical') :: ['dextropropoxyphene']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Locally advanced @entity135 is generally incurable and has a short survival rate. This study aimed to evaluate symptom relief, disease response, and acute @entity137 after palliative hypo-fractionated radiotherapy and long-term survival in affected @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2011 to December 2011, 80 @entity1 who were histopathologically diagnosed as having stage III or stage IV @entity135 and @entity213 based on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 1-3, were offered palliative radiotherapy (20 Gy/5Fr/5 Days). Later these @entity1 were evaluated on 30th day after completion of treatment for disease response based on World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria and palliation of symptoms using symptomatic response grading and acute @entity137 by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Many @entity1 were given post @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) palliative chemotherapy for appropriate palliative care and a few @entity1 were selected for further curative @entity1161 . The overall survival was also evaluated among this group of @entity1 with last follow up date of 1st May, 2014. RESULTS: The most common presenting complaint was @entity158 followed by @entity1282 . Most @entity1 (60-70%) had appreciable relief in their presenting symptoms. A good response was observed in the majority following palliative @entity1161 ; a few @entity1 had progressive disease and some had stable and regressed disease. None of the @entity1 experienced radiation @entity137 that required hospital admission. Almost all showed grade one and two acute skin and mucosal @entity137 one month after completion of treatment. The mean survival days for @entity1 given only hypofractionated palliative @entity1161 was 307 days, those with post palliative @entity1161 and palliative chemotherapy was 390 days and @entity1 who went on to receive further palliative @entity1161 and curative @entity1161 dose had significantly overall survival of 582 days. CONCLUSIONS: @entity135 should be identified for suitable palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy to achieve acceptable symptom relief in a great proportion of @entity1 and should be followed by palliative chemotherapy or curative @entity1161 in suitable cases for long-term symptom-free survival.

title: End stage palliative care of XXXX : a case study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'head', 'Advanced head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['neck squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity356 is the most common @entity5 in the Iranian population. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of clinicopathological factors on prognosis by meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane library and extensive literature search using the Persian databases until February 2011. Prospective follow up studies with multivariate analysis of overall survival of the @entity1 with @entity356 were included in this review. The data were analyzed by CMA.2. Publication bias are checked by funnel plot and data are shown as Forest plots. RESULTS: From a total of 63 articles, 14 retrospective studies which examined 5 prognostic factors and involving 10,500 @entity1 were included. @entity5 size (>35mm) was the main significant factor predicting an unfavorable prognosis for the @entity1 with @entity356 (RR=1.829 , p<0.001) followed by presence of distant @entity3 (RR=1.607 , p<0.001), poor differentiation (RR=1.408 , p<0.001) and male sex (RR=1.194, p<0.001). Lymph node @entity3 (RR=1.058, p=0.698) and moderate differentiation (RR=0.836, p=0.043) were not statistically significant as prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that @entity5 size>35mm, poor differentiation, presence of distant @entity3 and male gender are strongly associated with a poor prognosis in Iranian @entity1 with @entity356 .

title: Clinicopathological Factors and XXXX Prognosis in the Iranian Population: a Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The clinical implementation of genomic profiling for @entity2 with high-throughput, multiplex tests is warranted to allow prioritization of appropriate therapies for individual @entity1 . We have now applied such testing to detect actionable mutations that may inform treatment recommendations in @entity2 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We prospectively applied amplicon sequencing panels that cover both mutational hotspots in 22 genes related to lung and colon tumorigenesis as well as 72 major variants of ALK, @entity8958 , @entity31082 , and @entity2250 fusion transcripts. We then determined the proportion of @entity1 who received genotype-directed therapy and their overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Tumor specimens from 110 @entity1 with @entity2 recruited between July 2013 and March 2015 were analyzed. The most common genetic alterations were @entity876 mutations in 42 @entity1 , followed by @entity470 mutations in 25, @entity2839 mutations in 12, and @entity984 mutations in 10. Potentially actionable mutations were identified in 44 @entity1 including 50% of those with @entity420 and 14% of those with @entity957 . The OS of @entity1 with advanced or recurrent @entity5 who had an actionable mutation and received targeted therapy (median OS not achieved) was significantly longer than that of those with no mutation (18.1 months, P = 0.041) or of those with a mutation not so treated (6.1 months, P = 0.0027). CONCLUSIONS: Multiplex genomic testing was performed on @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded @entity5 specimens with a success rate of >= 95%. Such testing can assist physicians in matching @entity1 with approved or experimental targeted treatments. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: The University Medical Hospital Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trials Registry under the identifier UMIN000014782.

title: Clinical application of amplicon-based next-generation sequencing to therapeutic decision making in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: Side population (SP) cells have stem cell-like properties with a capacity for self-renewal and are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore the presence of SP cells in @entity1 @entity0 probably has prognostic value. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of SP cells and identify the relationship between the SP cells levels and clinico-pathological parameters of the @entity0 and disease-free survival (DFS) in @entity0 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 122 eligible @entity0 @entity1 were consecutively recruited from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2007 at Yunnan Tumor Hospital. All eligible subjects received conventional treatment and were followed up for seven years. Predictors of recurrence and/or @entity3 and DFS were analyzed using Cox regression analysis. @entity1 @entity0 cells were also obtained from fresh @entity1 @entity0 tissue and cultured by the nucleic acid dye @entity5956 with Verapami. Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to isolate the cells of SP and non-SP types. RESULTS: In this study, SP cells were identified using flow cytometric analysis with @entity5956 dye efflux. Adjusted for age, @entity5 size, lymph nodal status, histological grade, the Cox model showed a higher risk of recurrence and/or @entity3 positively associated with the SP cell level (1.75, 1.02-2.98), as well as with axillary lymph node @entity3 (2.99, 1.76-5.09), pathology invasiveness type (1.7, 1.14-2.55), and @entity5 volume doubling time (TVDT) (1.54, 1.01-2.36). CONCLUSIONS: The SP cell level is independently associated with @entity5 progression and clinical outcome after controlling for other pathological factors. The axillary lymph node status, TVDT and the status of non-invasive or invasive @entity5 independently predict the prognosis of @entity0 .

title: Side Population Cell Level in XXXX Breast Cancer and Factors Related to Disease-free Survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: AIM: The management of @entity5 threatening or affecting the prostatic plane is still under debate. The role of the preoperative chemo-radiotherapy and the extent of prostatectomy seem to be key-points in the treatment of these @entity5 . The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pathological circumferential margin status and the local recurrence rate following different therapeutic options. METHOD: A multicentre, retrospective study was conducted of @entity1 with @entity5 threatening or affecting the prostatic plane judged by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The use of preoperative chemoradiotherapy and the type of urologic resection were correlated with the status of the pathological circumferential resection margin (CRM) and local recurrence. RESULTS: A consecutive series of 126 males with @entity5 threatening (44) or affecting (82) the prostatic plane on preoperative staging and operated with local curative intent between 1998-2010 was analysed. In @entity1 who did not have chemoradiotherapy but a threatened anterior margin the CRM positive rate was 25.0%. In @entity1 having no preoperative chemoradiotherapy who had an affected margin, the rate was 41.7%. When preoperative radiotherapy was given, the respective CRM infiltration rates were 7.1% and 20.7%. In @entity1 having preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by prostatic resection the rate of CRM positivity was 2.4%. Partial prostatectomy after preoperative chemo-radiotherapy resulted in a free anterior circumferential resection margin in all cases, but intraoperative @entity16 occurred in 36.4% of the @entity1 who underwent partial prostatectomy, resulting in a postoperative urinary fistula in 18.2% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: preoperative chemoradiation is mandatory in male @entity1 with a threatened or affected anterior circumferential margin on preoperative MRI. In @entity1 with preoperative @entity1069 , prostatic resection is necessary. In this group of @entity1 partial prostatectomy seems to be oncologically safe. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX threatening or affecting the prostatic plane: is partial prostatectomy oncologically adequate? Results of a multicentre retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['urethral damage']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic infiltration']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Rectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This paper aimed to study the effect of Ramadan fasting on biochemical and clinical parameters and compliance for dialysis. A prospective multicenter observational cross-sectional study comparing fasting with a non-fasting stable adult hemodialysis @entity1 for demographic and biochemical parameters, compliance with dialysis, inter-dialytic @entity1017 , pre- and post-blood pressure, and frequency of intradialytic @entity551 episodes was carried out. Six hundred thirty-five @entity1 , of whom 64.1% fasted, were studied. The fasters were younger (53.3        16.2 vs. 58.4        16.1 years; P   =   0.001) but had similar duration on dialysis (P   =   0.35). More fasters worked (22.0% vs. 14.6%; P   =   0.001) and missed dialysis sessions during Ramadan. No differences were noted between groups in sex, @entity6 status, or dialysis shift or day. There were no differences in the pre- and post-dialysis blood pressure; serum @entity972 , albumin or @entity1017 ; @entity6 status; sex; and dialysis shift time or days. However, serum phosphorous was significantly higher in the fasting group (2.78        1.8 vs. 2.45        1.6   mmol/L; P   =   0.045). There were no intragroup differences in any of the parameters studied when comparing the findings during Ramadan with those in the month before Ramadan. Fasters were significantly younger and more likely to be working, to miss dialysis sessions, and to have higher serum phosphorous levels. No other differences were observed.

title: Changes in biochemical, hemodynamic, and dialysis adherence parameters in hemodialysis XXXX during Ramadan.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treat-to-target (T2T) is a widely accepted management strategy for @entity309 ( @entity309 ) with a key decision point at 3   months after treatment initiation. At this time point, it remains unclear which @entity1 will benefit from treatment adaptation or from continuation of existing treatment. METHODS: We performed a pooled analysis of @entity1 -level clinical trial data of @entity1 with @entity309 . We used a diagnostic testing methodology and a probabilistic approach employing logistic regression to investigate which levels of response at 3 months can inform treatment decisions in regard to achieving the target at 6   months. RESULTS: To be at least 80% sensitive for achieving the low disease activity (LDA) target at 6   months, a change at 3   months in Simplified Disease Activity Index/Clinical Disease Activity Index (SDAI or CDAI) of 58% needs to be observed at 3   months. Higher changes are needed to sensitively predict @entity8168 ( @entity8168 ). Not reaching the (minor) SDAI 50% response level is afflicted with very low negative likelihood ratios (LRs) (0.28 for LDA and 0.07 for @entity8168 at 6   months). Experiencing (major) SDAI 85% response has substantial positive LRs of 9.2 for reaching LDA and 6.2 for reaching @entity8168 at 6   months. In logistic regression, the change at 3   months is significantly associated with reaching of the target at 6   months. CONCLUSIONS: The 3-month time point is a critical decision point. Not achieving minor responses at 3   months makes reaching of the treatment target at 6   months highly unlikely, while reaching major responses is highly predictive of reaching the treatment target.

title: Optimisation of a treat-to-target approach in XXXX : strategies for the 3-month time point.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8168 :: ('MESH:D012075', 'Disease') :: ['remission', 'REM']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']