abstract: This study reports the dynamics of changes in postnatal ontogenesis of the activity of soluble and membrane-bound forms of @entity4833 ( @entity4833 ) and @entity16855 ( @entity16855 ) in sensorimotor cortex of @entity35 as well as the pattern of their changes after prenatal @entity519 (E14, 7% @entity3612 , 3 h) or acute @entity519 in adult animals (4 months, 7% @entity3612 , 3 h). In normally developing @entity35 the activity of the membrane-bound @entity4833 form in the sensorimotor cortex gradually increased up to the end of the first month after birth and remained at this high level during all further postnatal ontogenesis, while the activity of the soluble form of @entity4833 reached its maximum on the 10th day after birth and decreased significantly by the end of the first month. In animals exposed to prenatal @entity519 the activity both of the soluble and membrane bound forms of @entity4833 during the first two weeks after birth was 20-25% lower, as compared to controls but increased by the end of the first month and even exceeded the control values remaining increased up to old age (1.5 years). The activity of both @entity16855 forms in @entity35 sensorimotor cortex at all stages of postnatal ontogenesis was significantly lower than of @entity4833 , although the dynamics of their changes was similar to that of @entity4833 . Prenatal @entity519 led to a decrease in the activity of the membrane-bound form of @entity16855 , as compared to controls, practically at all developmental stages studied, but was higher at the end of the first month after birth. At the same time, the activity of the soluble form of @entity16855 was decreased only on the 20th day of development, as compared to the control, but increased from the end of the first month of life onwards. Acute @entity519 in adult @entity35 also led to a decrease in the activity of both forms of @entity4833 and @entity16855 in the sensorimotor cortex but the dynamics of these changes was different for each enzyme. Thus, insufficient @entity26 supply to the nervous tissue at different stages of ontogenesis has a significant effect on the activity and ratio of various forms of cholinesterases exhibiting either @entity2140 or signaling properties. This may lead to changes in brain development and formation of behavioural reactions, including learning and memory, and also increase the risk of development of the sporadic form of @entity195 ( @entity195 )--one of the most common @entity179 of advanced age. This study expands our knowledge of the properties of brain cholinesterases under normal and pathological conditions and may be useful for developing new approaches towards prevention and treatment of @entity195 .

title: [The effect of XXXX on cholinesterase activity in @entity35 sensorimotor cortex].

entities_list: @entity16855 :: ('65036(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['butyrylcholinesterase', 'BChE']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4833 :: ('83817(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['AChE', 'acetylcholinesterase']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: This study reports the dynamics of changes in postnatal ontogenesis of the activity of soluble and membrane-bound forms of @entity4833 ( @entity4833 ) and @entity16855 ( @entity16855 ) in sensorimotor cortex of @entity35 as well as the pattern of their changes after prenatal @entity519 (E14, 7% @entity3612 , 3 h) or acute @entity519 in adult animals (4 months, 7% @entity3612 , 3 h). In normally developing @entity35 the activity of the membrane-bound @entity4833 form in the sensorimotor cortex gradually increased up to the end of the first month after birth and remained at this high level during all further postnatal ontogenesis, while the activity of the soluble form of @entity4833 reached its maximum on the 10th day after birth and decreased significantly by the end of the first month. In animals exposed to prenatal @entity519 the activity both of the soluble and membrane bound forms of @entity4833 during the first two weeks after birth was 20-25% lower, as compared to controls but increased by the end of the first month and even exceeded the control values remaining increased up to old age (1.5 years). The activity of both @entity16855 forms in @entity35 sensorimotor cortex at all stages of postnatal ontogenesis was significantly lower than of @entity4833 , although the dynamics of their changes was similar to that of @entity4833 . Prenatal @entity519 led to a decrease in the activity of the membrane-bound form of @entity16855 , as compared to controls, practically at all developmental stages studied, but was higher at the end of the first month after birth. At the same time, the activity of the soluble form of @entity16855 was decreased only on the 20th day of development, as compared to the control, but increased from the end of the first month of life onwards. Acute @entity519 in adult @entity35 also led to a decrease in the activity of both forms of @entity4833 and @entity16855 in the sensorimotor cortex but the dynamics of these changes was different for each enzyme. Thus, insufficient @entity26 supply to the nervous tissue at different stages of ontogenesis has a significant effect on the activity and ratio of various forms of cholinesterases exhibiting either @entity2140 or signaling properties. This may lead to changes in brain development and formation of behavioural reactions, including learning and memory, and also increase the risk of development of the sporadic form of @entity195 ( @entity195 )--one of the most common @entity179 of advanced age. This study expands our knowledge of the properties of brain cholinesterases under normal and pathological conditions and may be useful for developing new approaches towards prevention and treatment of @entity195 .

title: [The effect of @entity519 on cholinesterase activity in XXXX sensorimotor cortex].

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: For the majority of @entity1 with @entity571 ( @entity571 ), joint replacement is a successful intervention for relieving chronic @entity158 . However, between 10-30% of @entity1 continue to experience @entity1118 after joint replacement. Evidence suggests that a risk factor for @entity1118 after joint replacement is the severity of acute post-operative @entity158 . The aim of this @entity23 ( @entity23 ) is to determine if intra-operative local anaesthetic wound infiltration additional to a standard anaesthesia regimen can reduce the severity of @entity158 at 12-months after total knee replacement (TKR) and total hip replacement (THR) for @entity571 . METHODS: 300 TKR @entity1 and 300 THR @entity1 are being recruited into this single-centre double-blind @entity23 . @entity1 are recruited before surgery and randomised to either the standard care group or the intervention group. @entity1 and outcome assessors are blind to treatment allocation throughout the study. The intervention consists of an intra-operative local anaesthetic wound infiltration, consisting of 60 mls of 0.25% @entity1341 with 1 in 200,000 adrenaline. @entity1 are assessed on the first 5 days post-operative, and then at 3-months, 6-months and 12-months. The primary outcome is the WOMAC @entity158 Scale, a validated measure of @entity158 at 12-months. Secondary outcomes include @entity158 severity during the in- @entity1 stay, post-operative @entity390 and @entity391 , satisfaction with @entity158 relief, length of hospital stay, @entity158 and disability, @entity158 sensitivity, complications and cost-effectiveness. A nested qualitative study within the @entity23 will examine the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention for both @entity1 and healthcare professionals. DISCUSSION: Large-scale RCTs assessing the effectiveness of a surgical intervention are uncommon, particularly in orthopaedics. The results from this trial will inform evidence-based recommendations for both short-term and long-term @entity158 management after lower limb joint replacement. If a local anaesthetic wound infiltration is found to be an effective and cost-effective intervention, implementation into clinical practice could improve long-term @entity158 outcomes for @entity1 undergoing lower limb joint replacement. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN96095682.

title: The effect of local anaesthetic wound infiltration on XXXX after lower limb joint replacement: a protocol for a double-blind @entity23 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['RCT', 'randomised controlled trial']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['joint pain', 'Pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: For the majority of @entity1 with @entity571 ( @entity571 ), joint replacement is a successful intervention for relieving chronic @entity158 . However, between 10-30% of @entity1 continue to experience @entity1118 after joint replacement. Evidence suggests that a risk factor for @entity1118 after joint replacement is the severity of acute post-operative @entity158 . The aim of this @entity23 ( @entity23 ) is to determine if intra-operative local anaesthetic wound infiltration additional to a standard anaesthesia regimen can reduce the severity of @entity158 at 12-months after total knee replacement (TKR) and total hip replacement (THR) for @entity571 . METHODS: 300 TKR @entity1 and 300 THR @entity1 are being recruited into this single-centre double-blind @entity23 . @entity1 are recruited before surgery and randomised to either the standard care group or the intervention group. @entity1 and outcome assessors are blind to treatment allocation throughout the study. The intervention consists of an intra-operative local anaesthetic wound infiltration, consisting of 60 mls of 0.25% @entity1341 with 1 in 200,000 adrenaline. @entity1 are assessed on the first 5 days post-operative, and then at 3-months, 6-months and 12-months. The primary outcome is the WOMAC @entity158 Scale, a validated measure of @entity158 at 12-months. Secondary outcomes include @entity158 severity during the in- @entity1 stay, post-operative @entity390 and @entity391 , satisfaction with @entity158 relief, length of hospital stay, @entity158 and disability, @entity158 sensitivity, complications and cost-effectiveness. A nested qualitative study within the @entity23 will examine the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention for both @entity1 and healthcare professionals. DISCUSSION: Large-scale RCTs assessing the effectiveness of a surgical intervention are uncommon, particularly in orthopaedics. The results from this trial will inform evidence-based recommendations for both short-term and long-term @entity158 management after lower limb joint replacement. If a local anaesthetic wound infiltration is found to be an effective and cost-effective intervention, implementation into clinical practice could improve long-term @entity158 outcomes for @entity1 undergoing lower limb joint replacement. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN96095682.

title: The effect of local anaesthetic wound infiltration on @entity1118 after lower limb joint replacement: a protocol for a double-blind XXXX .

answer: @entity23 :: (MESH:D007174,Disease) :: ['randomised controlled trial']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To provide an update on transvaginal mesh procedures, newly available minimally invasive surgical techniques for pelvic floor repair. OPTIONS: The discussion is limited to minimally invasive transvaginal mesh procedures. EVIDENCE: PubMed and Medline were searched for articles published in English, using the key words " @entity3577 ," transvaginal mesh," and "minimally invasive surgery." Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. Searches were updated on a regular basis, and articles were incorporated in the guideline to May 2010. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology assessment-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies. VALUES: The quality of evidence was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on the Preventive Health Care. Recommendations for practice were ranked according to the method described in that report (Table 1). BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS: Counselling for the surgical treatment of @entity3577 should consider all benefits, harms, and costs of the surgical procedure, with particular emphasis on the use of mesh. RECOMMENDATIONS: 1. @entity1 should be counselled that transvaginal mesh procedures are considered novel techniques for pelvic floor repair that demonstrate high rates of anatomical cure in uncontrolled short-term case series. (II-2B) 2. @entity1 should be informed of the range of success rates until stronger evidence of superiority is published. (II-2B) 3. Training specific to transvaginal mesh procedures should be undertaken before procedures are performed. (III-C) 4. @entity1 should undergo thorough preoperative counselling regarding (a) the potential serious adverse sequelae of transvaginal mesh repairs, including mesh exposure, @entity158 , and @entity546 ; and (b) the limited data available comparing transvaginal mesh systems with traditional vaginal prolapse repairs or with traditional use of graft material in the form of augmented colporrhaphy and sacral colpopexy. (III-C) 5. Until appropriate supportive data are available, new trocarless kits should be considered investigative. (III-C).

title: Transvaginal mesh procedures for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['dyspareunia']

entities_list: @entity3577 :: ('MESH:D056887', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic organ prolapse']

answer: @entity3577 :: (MESH:D056887,Disease) :: ['pelvic organ prolapse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with a recent @entity583 ( @entity583 ) present a reduction in functional capacity expressed as a decrease in peak @entity26 consumption (Vo2 peak). The impact of a Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) cardiac rehabilitation program for @entity1 recovering from recent @entity583 has yet to be assessed. Our goal is to evaluate functional capacity after a TCC-based cardiac rehabilitation program in @entity1 with recent @entity583 . METHODS: A single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted. The researchers who performed the tests were blinded to group allocation. Between the 14th and 21st days after hospital discharge, all @entity1 performed a cardiopulmonary exercise testing and a laboratory blood workup. Mean age was similar (56  9 years in the TCC group and 60  9 years in the control group). @entity1 allocated to the intervention group performed 3 weekly sessions of TCC Beijin style for 12 weeks (n=31). The control group participated in 3 weekly sessions of full-body stretching exercises (n=30). RESULTS: After the 12-week study period, @entity1 in the TCC group experienced a significant 14% increase in Vo2 peak from baseline (21.6    5.2 to 24.6    5.2 mL/kg per minute), whereas control @entity1 had a nonsignificant 5% decline in Vo2 peak (20.4    5.1 to 19.4    4.4 mL/kg per minute). There was a significant difference between the 2 groups (P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Tai Chi Chuan practice was associated with an increase in Vo2 peak in @entity1 with a recent @entity583 and may constitute an effective form of cardiac rehabilitation in this @entity1 population.

title: Tai Chi Chuan improves functional capacity after XXXX : A randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: Seventeen eyes of 14 @entity1 affected with severe @entity2038 underwent surgical treatment with either cryotherapy - 3 eyes - or diathermy - 14 eyes. The indications for surgery were selected as follows: ten eyes of 9 @entity1 showed recurrence(s) or increase of @entity32 following tapering of systemic corticoids; 5 @entity1 had contra-indications to systemic corticoids. Ten eyes had @entity1103 . The follow-up after surgery varies from 2,5 years to 10 years with an average of 5 years. Complete and permanent recovery from @entity32 was achieved in 7 eyes (41,2%). Permanent although incomplete improvement was achieved in 4 eyes (23,5%). Recurrences of @entity32 after incomplete improvement occurred in 4 eyes (23,5%). Complications - @entity1020 and severe @entity551 - occurred in 2 eyes (11,8%). @entity1103 cleared in 9 out of 10 eyes. The final visual acuity was the same or better as compared to the @entity735 . It is concluded that the long term evaluation of cryotherapy and diathermy in the treatment of @entity2038 confirms the results achieved in other series with a shorter follow-up. The treatment is beneficial in selected cases of severe @entity2038 . However complete and permanent recovery from @entity32 should be expected in less than 50% of the cases.

title: [Diathermy and cryotherapy of the pars plana in the treatment of XXXX . Long-term evaluation].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['ocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['Cystoid macular edema', 'cystoid macular edema']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['initial visual acuity in 10 eyes, and worse in 7 eyes']

entities_list: @entity2038 :: ('MESH:D015868', 'Disease') :: ['pars planitis']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['cystoid macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['ocular hypotension']

answer: @entity2038 :: (MESH:D015868,Disease) :: ['pars planitis']


abstract: Although administration of glucocorticoid @entity230 is one of the most widely used therapeutic modalities for the clinical management of acute @entity149 (CNS), controversy continues regarding their effectiveness. In essence, two viewpoints concerning their use exist. Some believe that despite their poor clinical record, the @entity230 nevertheless have a place in the treatment of @entity1 CNS @entity130 . In general, this group of clinical investigators uses the @entity230 primarily out of tradition, feeling that @entity134 therapy may be of some benefit. Unfortunately, confusion remains as to what constitutes an appropriate dose or regimen. In this regard, it has been suggested that the @entity134 dose be increased and the regimen intensified. Others believe that @entity230 should not be used. They contend that in view of their poor clinical record, it is unlikely that increasing the @entity134 dose or changing the dosing regimen will improve clinical efficacy, since @entity230 have already failed at what may be considered huge doses by glucocorticoid standards. Furthermore, it is contended that the side effects associated with large @entity134 doses reduce the margin of safety so as to make the @entity230 unsafe. Complicating these arguments is a body of experimental evidence that by and large strongly supports the utility of @entity230 for the acute treatment of CNS @entity130 . The intent of this article is to evaluate the current use of @entity134 therapy for CNS @entity130 from a purely pharmacological perspective, and to compare the @entity230 ' experimental use with their clinical application.

title: Current application of "high-dose" XXXX therapy for @entity149 . A pharmacological perspective.

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['trauma of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: Although administration of glucocorticoid @entity230 is one of the most widely used therapeutic modalities for the clinical management of acute @entity149 (CNS), controversy continues regarding their effectiveness. In essence, two viewpoints concerning their use exist. Some believe that despite their poor clinical record, the @entity230 nevertheless have a place in the treatment of @entity1 CNS @entity130 . In general, this group of clinical investigators uses the @entity230 primarily out of tradition, feeling that @entity134 therapy may be of some benefit. Unfortunately, confusion remains as to what constitutes an appropriate dose or regimen. In this regard, it has been suggested that the @entity134 dose be increased and the regimen intensified. Others believe that @entity230 should not be used. They contend that in view of their poor clinical record, it is unlikely that increasing the @entity134 dose or changing the dosing regimen will improve clinical efficacy, since @entity230 have already failed at what may be considered huge doses by glucocorticoid standards. Furthermore, it is contended that the side effects associated with large @entity134 doses reduce the margin of safety so as to make the @entity230 unsafe. Complicating these arguments is a body of experimental evidence that by and large strongly supports the utility of @entity230 for the acute treatment of CNS @entity130 . The intent of this article is to evaluate the current use of @entity134 therapy for CNS @entity130 from a purely pharmacological perspective, and to compare the @entity230 ' experimental use with their clinical application.

title: Current application of "high-dose" @entity134 therapy for XXXX . A pharmacological perspective.

answer: @entity149 :: (MESH:D002493,Disease) :: ['CNS injury']


abstract: A cluster of seven primary @entity1313 was identified in a town of 3000 population during the 10-year period from 1973 to 1982. With six deaths, this represents an age-adjusted mortality rate 4.1 times greater than expected. No other @entity5 were found to be in excess of the anticipated incidence in this town. When @entity1313 mortality rates in 36 other towns of approximately the same population were calculated, only one other town was found to have an excessive rate. All seven @entity5 in this study were histologically verified: six were diagnosed as @entity463 multiforme. Interviews were conducted with @entity1 or next-of-kin to obtain the exposure histories of the @entity1 . A number of respondents reported occupational or residential exposure either to a shoe factory or to one of the several @entity1573 hatcheries in the town. Many of the @entity1 ate fish from local ponds that had previously been used as coal mining strip pits. Two @entity1 were siblings. None of the @entity1 had a history of significant @entity542 . This unique situation may provide an opportunity to learn more about environmental risk factors for @entity75 . Further epidemiological studies are planned.

title: Epidemiological findings in a XXXX cluster in western Missouri.

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain-tumor', 'brain neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain-tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the optimal single-dose radiotherapy schedule for @entity158 from bone @entity3 in a multi-centre, international, randomised trial. @entity1 AND METHODS: 651 @entity1 were randomised to either 8Gy (n=325) or 4Gy (n=326) radiotherapy. @entity158 at 4, 8, 12, 24 and 52weeks was assessed using a Categorical Scale (CS) and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The primary endpoint was response at 4weeks. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in @entity1 demographics and other co-variates. The complete response (CR) rate and ORR (complete or partial response) for all follow-up times were higher after 8Gy (p=0.02). The Kaplan-Meier actuarial rate (categorical scale) at 4weeks for ORR was 80% after 8Gy compared to 68% after 4Gy (p=0.0015). 117 re-treatments were given of which 72 were in the 4Gy group and 45 in 8Gy arm (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: There was a marked consistent difference in @entity158 relief at all time points in favour of 8Gy. These data reinforce the case for single dose 8Gy radiotherapy to be recommended for metastatic @entity158 in all healthcare settings.

title: IAEA randomised trial of optimal single dose radiotherapy in the treatment of painful bone XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain', 'Pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on E coliinduced @entity1069 in @entity35 . METHODS: BMSCs were isolated, cultured and amplified by the attached choice method. Fifty SD @entity35 were randomized into five groups of equal number: normal control, @entity5116 ( @entity5116 ) , chronic @entity1069 (CBP), @entity5116 + BMSCs, and CBP + BMSCs, and the animals in the latter four groups were injected with @entity526 into both sides of the prostate under ultrasound guidance for 1 - 14 days to induce @entity5116 and for 4 - 12 weeks to induce CBP. The control @entity35 were injected with the same amount of PBS. Two weeks after injection of BMSCs into the prostates, pathomorphological changes in the prostate were observed under the light microscope and the mRNA and protein levels of @entity3426 and @entity1505 determined by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively, followed by statistical analysis with SPSS 18.0. RESULTS: Histopathological evaluation showed typical pathological inflammatory changes in the prostates of the @entity35 in the @entity5116 and CBP groups, including glandular structural changes, interstitial @entity4 , @entity32 , and @entity82 , which were all remarkably relieved after treated with BMSCs. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-b ([0.829    0.121] and [271.75    90.59] pg/ml) and @entity1505 ([0.913    0. 094] and [105.78    19. 05] pg/ml) in the @entity5116 and those of @entity3426 ([0. 975    0. 114] and [265. 31    71. 34] pg/ml) and @entity1505 ([0. 886    0. 084] and [107. 45    26. 11 ] pg/ml) in the CBP groups were significantly higher than those in the control @entity35 ([0. 342    0.087] and [45.76 17. 99] pg/ml, P <0. 05); ([0.247    0.054] and ([19.42    7. 75] pg/ml, P <0. 01) as well as than those in the @entity5116 + BMSCs ([0. 433    0. 072] and [51. 34    22. 13] pg/ml, P < 0. 05 ) ; ( [0. 313    0. 076] and [28. 38    8. 78] pg/ml, P < 0. 01) and the CBP + BMSCs group ([0.396    0.064] and [56.37    21.22] pg/ml, P <0.05); ([0.417    0.068] and [29.21    10.22] pg/ml, P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Injection of BMSCs can reduce @entity526 -induced @entity1069 reaction, which.may be associated with its reduction of @entity32 and the expressions of @entity3426 and @entity1505 in the prostate tissue.

title: [Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells suppress XXXX -induced @entity1069 in @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory cell infiltration']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic inflammation', 'bacterial prostatitis', 'prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity5116 :: ('MESH:D011472', 'Disease') :: ['acute bacterial prostatitis', 'ABP']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['E coli']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on E coliinduced @entity1069 in @entity35 . METHODS: BMSCs were isolated, cultured and amplified by the attached choice method. Fifty SD @entity35 were randomized into five groups of equal number: normal control, @entity5116 ( @entity5116 ) , chronic @entity1069 (CBP), @entity5116 + BMSCs, and CBP + BMSCs, and the animals in the latter four groups were injected with @entity526 into both sides of the prostate under ultrasound guidance for 1 - 14 days to induce @entity5116 and for 4 - 12 weeks to induce CBP. The control @entity35 were injected with the same amount of PBS. Two weeks after injection of BMSCs into the prostates, pathomorphological changes in the prostate were observed under the light microscope and the mRNA and protein levels of @entity3426 and @entity1505 determined by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively, followed by statistical analysis with SPSS 18.0. RESULTS: Histopathological evaluation showed typical pathological inflammatory changes in the prostates of the @entity35 in the @entity5116 and CBP groups, including glandular structural changes, interstitial @entity4 , @entity32 , and @entity82 , which were all remarkably relieved after treated with BMSCs. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-b ([0.829    0.121] and [271.75    90.59] pg/ml) and @entity1505 ([0.913    0. 094] and [105.78    19. 05] pg/ml) in the @entity5116 and those of @entity3426 ([0. 975    0. 114] and [265. 31    71. 34] pg/ml) and @entity1505 ([0. 886    0. 084] and [107. 45    26. 11 ] pg/ml) in the CBP groups were significantly higher than those in the control @entity35 ([0. 342    0.087] and [45.76 17. 99] pg/ml, P <0. 05); ([0.247    0.054] and ([19.42    7. 75] pg/ml, P <0. 01) as well as than those in the @entity5116 + BMSCs ([0. 433    0. 072] and [51. 34    22. 13] pg/ml, P < 0. 05 ) ; ( [0. 313    0. 076] and [28. 38    8. 78] pg/ml, P < 0. 01) and the CBP + BMSCs group ([0.396    0.064] and [56.37    21.22] pg/ml, P <0.05); ([0.417    0.068] and [29.21    10.22] pg/ml, P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Injection of BMSCs can reduce @entity526 -induced @entity1069 reaction, which.may be associated with its reduction of @entity32 and the expressions of @entity3426 and @entity1505 in the prostate tissue.

title: [Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells suppress @entity526 -induced XXXX in @entity35 ].

answer: @entity1069 :: (MESH:D053448,Disease) :: ['bacterial prostatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on E coliinduced @entity1069 in @entity35 . METHODS: BMSCs were isolated, cultured and amplified by the attached choice method. Fifty SD @entity35 were randomized into five groups of equal number: normal control, @entity5116 ( @entity5116 ) , chronic @entity1069 (CBP), @entity5116 + BMSCs, and CBP + BMSCs, and the animals in the latter four groups were injected with @entity526 into both sides of the prostate under ultrasound guidance for 1 - 14 days to induce @entity5116 and for 4 - 12 weeks to induce CBP. The control @entity35 were injected with the same amount of PBS. Two weeks after injection of BMSCs into the prostates, pathomorphological changes in the prostate were observed under the light microscope and the mRNA and protein levels of @entity3426 and @entity1505 determined by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively, followed by statistical analysis with SPSS 18.0. RESULTS: Histopathological evaluation showed typical pathological inflammatory changes in the prostates of the @entity35 in the @entity5116 and CBP groups, including glandular structural changes, interstitial @entity4 , @entity32 , and @entity82 , which were all remarkably relieved after treated with BMSCs. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-b ([0.829    0.121] and [271.75    90.59] pg/ml) and @entity1505 ([0.913    0. 094] and [105.78    19. 05] pg/ml) in the @entity5116 and those of @entity3426 ([0. 975    0. 114] and [265. 31    71. 34] pg/ml) and @entity1505 ([0. 886    0. 084] and [107. 45    26. 11 ] pg/ml) in the CBP groups were significantly higher than those in the control @entity35 ([0. 342    0.087] and [45.76 17. 99] pg/ml, P <0. 05); ([0.247    0.054] and ([19.42    7. 75] pg/ml, P <0. 01) as well as than those in the @entity5116 + BMSCs ([0. 433    0. 072] and [51. 34    22. 13] pg/ml, P < 0. 05 ) ; ( [0. 313    0. 076] and [28. 38    8. 78] pg/ml, P < 0. 01) and the CBP + BMSCs group ([0.396    0.064] and [56.37    21.22] pg/ml, P <0.05); ([0.417    0.068] and [29.21    10.22] pg/ml, P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Injection of BMSCs can reduce @entity526 -induced @entity1069 reaction, which.may be associated with its reduction of @entity32 and the expressions of @entity3426 and @entity1505 in the prostate tissue.

title: [Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells suppress @entity526 -induced @entity1069 in XXXX ].

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: A retrospective analysis of the University of Minnesota (Minneapolis) experience with @entity995 is presented. Seventy-five @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity995 between 1958 and 1983, of which 53 (71%) had at least one Reese-Ellsworth group V eye. Nineteen group V @entity1 and one group II @entity1 developed @entity66 recurrence. The cumulative actuarial rate of recurrence at 12 years was 36% for @entity1 with group V disease. The median time from diagnosis to recurrence for unilateral @entity1 was seven months and for bilateral @entity1 28 months (P = .001). @entity1 developing @entity66 had a 10-year actuarial survival rate postrecurrence of 34%. The four long-term survivors of extraocular recurrences had had isolated orbital or local soft tissue recurrences only. Features of group V @entity1 associated with extraocular recurrences were identified by univariate life table analyses. Clinical poor-risk factors included the nongenetic form of the disease (P = .03) and male sex (P = .02). Pathologic poor risk factors included rubeosis (P = .01), undifferentiated histology (P = .03), large @entity5 size (P = .05), and intraocular extension to the anterior segment (P = .02), retinal pigment epithelium (P = .03), choroid (P less than .001), and optic nerve beyond the lamina cribrosa (P = .02). Treatment-associated poor-risk factors included an optic nerve length of less than 5 mm removed at enucleation (P = .003). Multivariate life table analyses demonstrated the following parameters to be independent poor-prognostic factors: optic nerve length of less than 5 mm removed at enucleation (P = .001), optic nerve involvement (P = .004), and large @entity5 size (P = .01). These results will help to identify @entity1 with @entity995 who are at greatest risk for extraocular recurrence.

title: XXXX group V: an analysis of prognostic factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['extraocular disease']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['Intraocular retinoblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The diagnostic accuracy of flat panel digital detector (FPDD) cinefluoroscopy for coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) detection, compared to multiple detector computed tomography (MDCT), is not known. METHODS: CAC was assessed by FPDD cinefluoroscopy (graded as 0,1, 2 and 3) and @entity460 score (CACS) was determined by MDCT in 151 asymptomatic individuals of low to intermediate cardiovascular risk, 40-60 years old (mean age 53.1    7.4, @entity1 76.5%). RESULTS: CAC was detected by MDCT and cinefluoroscopy in 79 (52.3%) and 69 (45.7%) of cases respectively. Agreement between MDCT and cinefluoroscopy was 77.5% (weighted kappa coefficient 0.75). Cinefluoroscopy was able to detect CAC in 50% of subjects with minimal CACS (<10). For CACS=0, area under the curve (AUC) was 0.89 (95% CI 0.83-0.93, p=0.0001) with sensitivity 82.3% and specificity 94.4%. For CACS=10, AUC was 0.91 (95% CI 0.86-0.95, p=0.0001) with sensitivity 91.8% and specificity 85.6%. For CACS=400, AUC was 0.97 (95% CI 0.94-0.99, p=0.0001) with sensitivity 100% and specificity 88.7%. The effective radiation dose was 1.8    0.09 @entity2073 for CT and 0.26    0.13 @entity2073 for cinefluoroscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Cinefluoroscopy performed with 'state-of-the art' FPDD technology has an excellent diagnostic accuracy compared to the 'gold standard' MDCT for CAC detection in middle aged, low to intermediate cardiovascular risk, asymptomatic individuals, with the advantage of lower radiation exposure.

title: Coronary artery XXXX detection using flat panel digital cinefluoroscopy: comparison to coronary artery @entity460 score assessed with multiple detector computerized tomography.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The diagnostic accuracy of flat panel digital detector (FPDD) cinefluoroscopy for coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) detection, compared to multiple detector computed tomography (MDCT), is not known. METHODS: CAC was assessed by FPDD cinefluoroscopy (graded as 0,1, 2 and 3) and @entity460 score (CACS) was determined by MDCT in 151 asymptomatic individuals of low to intermediate cardiovascular risk, 40-60 years old (mean age 53.1    7.4, @entity1 76.5%). RESULTS: CAC was detected by MDCT and cinefluoroscopy in 79 (52.3%) and 69 (45.7%) of cases respectively. Agreement between MDCT and cinefluoroscopy was 77.5% (weighted kappa coefficient 0.75). Cinefluoroscopy was able to detect CAC in 50% of subjects with minimal CACS (<10). For CACS=0, area under the curve (AUC) was 0.89 (95% CI 0.83-0.93, p=0.0001) with sensitivity 82.3% and specificity 94.4%. For CACS=10, AUC was 0.91 (95% CI 0.86-0.95, p=0.0001) with sensitivity 91.8% and specificity 85.6%. For CACS=400, AUC was 0.97 (95% CI 0.94-0.99, p=0.0001) with sensitivity 100% and specificity 88.7%. The effective radiation dose was 1.8    0.09 @entity2073 for CT and 0.26    0.13 @entity2073 for cinefluoroscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Cinefluoroscopy performed with 'state-of-the art' FPDD technology has an excellent diagnostic accuracy compared to the 'gold standard' MDCT for CAC detection in middle aged, low to intermediate cardiovascular risk, asymptomatic individuals, with the advantage of lower radiation exposure.

title: Coronary artery @entity460 detection using flat panel digital cinefluoroscopy: comparison to coronary artery XXXX score assessed with multiple detector computerized tomography.

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity520 is associated with skeletal muscle proteolysis, and alkali supplementation has shown improvements in lean body mass and urinary @entity1568 wasting in several studies. However, the association of @entity520 with functional outcomes has not been examined on a population-based level. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING _ @entity1 : 2,675 nationally representative adults 50 years or older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. FACTOR: Serum @entity3157 level. OUTCOMES: Low gait speed and low peak torque were defined as being in the lowest sex-specific quartile of gait speed and peak torque, respectively. MEASUREMENTS: Serum @entity3157 was measured in all @entity1 . Gait speed was determined from a 20-foot timed walk. Peak torque was calculated using peak isokinetic knee extensor force. RESULTS: Serum @entity3157 level <23 mEq/L was present in 22.7% of the cohort. Compared with @entity1 with @entity3157 levels >= 23 mEq/L, those with @entity3157 levels <23 mEq/L had higher body mass index and serum albumin levels; were more likely to have low socioeconomic status, a diagnosis of @entity6 , or glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/ @entity1009 .73 m(2); and were less likely to use diuretics. Serum @entity3157 level <23 mEq/L compared with >= 23 mEq/L was associated with low gait speed (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.04-1.95) and low peak torque (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.07-1.74) after multivariable adjustment. The association with low peak torque was modified by race/ethnicity in @entity1 , but not @entity1 (ORs, 1.52 [95% CI, 1.08-2.13] for @entity1 , 2.33 [95% CI, 1.23-4.44] for nonwhite @entity1 , and 0.93 [95% CI, 0.47-1.82] for white @entity1 ). LIMITATIONS: Cross-sectional study using a single @entity3157 measurement. CONCLUSIONS: Lower serum @entity3157 levels are associated with slower gait speed and decreased quadriceps strength in older adults. Further studies should examine the effect of alkali therapy on functional outcomes.

title: Association of serum XXXX levels with gait speed and quadriceps strength in older adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis', 'Metabolic acidosis']

answer: @entity3157 :: (CHEBI:17544,Chemical) :: ['bicarbonate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate self-reported cognitive functioning of postmenopausal @entity0 @entity1 before and during endocrine treatment compared with healthy female controls, and to investigate associations between self-reported cognitive functioning, cognitive test performance and @entity148 / @entity308 , @entity1295 , and menopausal complaints. METHODS: Self-reported cognitive functioning, @entity148 / @entity308 , @entity1295 , menopausal complaints, and cognitive tests performance were assessed before (T1) and after 1 year (T2) of adjuvant endocrine treatment in postmenopausal chemotherapy-na  ve @entity0 @entity1 . Self-reported cognitive functioning was assessed by the @entity73 questionnaire and interview questions concerning cognitive complaints. @entity1 participated in the TEAM-trial, a prospective randomized study investigating @entity440 versus @entity17082 as adjuvant therapy for hormone-sensitive @entity0 . Identical information was obtained from healthy postmenopausal volunteers. RESULTS: Two measures for self-reported cognitive functioning provided the distinctive results. At T1 and T2, healthy controls reported a higher frequency of @entity73 than @entity1 ; change over time did not differ between groups. The prevalence of cognitive complaints did not differ between the groups at T1, but change over time regarding attention/concentration complaints differed between groups, due to an increased prevalence in @entity440 users. Self-reported cognitive functioning showed moderate associations with @entity148 / @entity308 , @entity1295 , and menopausal complaints. Cognitive test performance was not associated with self-reported cognitive functioning, but weakly with @entity148 / @entity308 and @entity1295 . CONCLUSION: Adjuvant therapy with @entity440 and @entity17082 did not influence the self-reported frequency of @entity73 . Increased attention/concentration complaints were observed in @entity440 users, but not in @entity17082 users. This latter finding should be confirmed with better validated instruments.

title: Self-reported cognitive functioning in postmenopausal XXXX @entity1 before and during endocrine treatment: findings from the neuropsychological TEAM side-study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive failures']

entities_list: @entity17082 :: ('MESH:C056516', 'Chemical') :: ['exemestane']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate self-reported cognitive functioning of postmenopausal @entity0 @entity1 before and during endocrine treatment compared with healthy female controls, and to investigate associations between self-reported cognitive functioning, cognitive test performance and @entity148 / @entity308 , @entity1295 , and menopausal complaints. METHODS: Self-reported cognitive functioning, @entity148 / @entity308 , @entity1295 , menopausal complaints, and cognitive tests performance were assessed before (T1) and after 1 year (T2) of adjuvant endocrine treatment in postmenopausal chemotherapy-na  ve @entity0 @entity1 . Self-reported cognitive functioning was assessed by the @entity73 questionnaire and interview questions concerning cognitive complaints. @entity1 participated in the TEAM-trial, a prospective randomized study investigating @entity440 versus @entity17082 as adjuvant therapy for hormone-sensitive @entity0 . Identical information was obtained from healthy postmenopausal volunteers. RESULTS: Two measures for self-reported cognitive functioning provided the distinctive results. At T1 and T2, healthy controls reported a higher frequency of @entity73 than @entity1 ; change over time did not differ between groups. The prevalence of cognitive complaints did not differ between the groups at T1, but change over time regarding attention/concentration complaints differed between groups, due to an increased prevalence in @entity440 users. Self-reported cognitive functioning showed moderate associations with @entity148 / @entity308 , @entity1295 , and menopausal complaints. Cognitive test performance was not associated with self-reported cognitive functioning, but weakly with @entity148 / @entity308 and @entity1295 . CONCLUSION: Adjuvant therapy with @entity440 and @entity17082 did not influence the self-reported frequency of @entity73 . Increased attention/concentration complaints were observed in @entity440 users, but not in @entity17082 users. This latter finding should be confirmed with better validated instruments.

title: Self-reported cognitive functioning in postmenopausal @entity0 XXXX before and during endocrine treatment: findings from the neuropsychological TEAM side-study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Soft tissue @entity39 is reported in up to 26% of @entity1 undergoing radiotherapy for @entity5 . Management options include local irrigation, wound debridement, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medication, and analgesics. @entity75 may be treated with partial penectomy. Hyperbaric @entity26 therapy (HBO) has a well-defined role in the treatment of late radiation @entity137 . We present experience with HBO for medically @entity8650 after penile brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: From November 2001 to January 2009, 7 @entity1 of 43 treated with penile brachytherapy for @entity957 developed @entity8650 and were treated with HBO. All had received a prescribed dose of 60 Gy through interstitial brachytherapy using Paris system guidelines. All had failed conservative medical therapies for soft tissue @entity39 . RESULTS: Median age was 55 years (range, 35-72 years). Comorbidities potentially effecting wound healing included @entity101 (2), current smokers (5), former smoker (1) but no @entity6 , or @entity1095 . Median time between completion of brachytherapy and appearance of soft tissue @entity39 was 13 months (range, 9-24 months) and the median interval before starting HBO was 7.5 months (range, 3-13 months). The median number of "dives" per HBO course was 40 (30-53). All 7 experienced an excellent response with healing of the @entity39 and resolution of symptoms, although 3 required an additional course, 2 for consolidation of healing, and 1 for a relapse 4 months later. No @entity1 was submitted to penectomy. CONCLUSIONS: HBO should be considered as a treatment option in @entity1 with @entity8650 of the penis after brachytherapy.

title: The efficacy of hyperbaric XXXX therapy in the treatment of medically @entity8650 after penile brachytherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Refractory lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['penile cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity8650 :: ('MESH:D012983', 'Disease') :: ['refractory soft tissue necrosis']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: PURPOSE: Soft tissue @entity39 is reported in up to 26% of @entity1 undergoing radiotherapy for @entity5 . Management options include local irrigation, wound debridement, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medication, and analgesics. @entity75 may be treated with partial penectomy. Hyperbaric @entity26 therapy (HBO) has a well-defined role in the treatment of late radiation @entity137 . We present experience with HBO for medically @entity8650 after penile brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: From November 2001 to January 2009, 7 @entity1 of 43 treated with penile brachytherapy for @entity957 developed @entity8650 and were treated with HBO. All had received a prescribed dose of 60 Gy through interstitial brachytherapy using Paris system guidelines. All had failed conservative medical therapies for soft tissue @entity39 . RESULTS: Median age was 55 years (range, 35-72 years). Comorbidities potentially effecting wound healing included @entity101 (2), current smokers (5), former smoker (1) but no @entity6 , or @entity1095 . Median time between completion of brachytherapy and appearance of soft tissue @entity39 was 13 months (range, 9-24 months) and the median interval before starting HBO was 7.5 months (range, 3-13 months). The median number of "dives" per HBO course was 40 (30-53). All 7 experienced an excellent response with healing of the @entity39 and resolution of symptoms, although 3 required an additional course, 2 for consolidation of healing, and 1 for a relapse 4 months later. No @entity1 was submitted to penectomy. CONCLUSIONS: HBO should be considered as a treatment option in @entity1 with @entity8650 of the penis after brachytherapy.

title: The efficacy of hyperbaric @entity26 therapy in the treatment of medically XXXX after penile brachytherapy.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity8650 :: (MESH:D012983,Disease) :: ['refractory soft tissue necrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preimplantation cross-talk between a functional blastocyst and the endometrium is critical for successful blastocyst implantation. This interaction is mediated in part by endometrial cytokines/growth factors secreted by glandular epithelium into the uterine cavity. Recent evidence suggests that blastocyst-derived @entity3566 may influence the endometrial milieu in conception cycles thereby enhancing receptivity and implantation success. This study investigated the effect of @entity3566 on the secretory profile of a select cohort of 44 cytokines/growth factors from primary @entity1 endometrial epithelial cells (hEECs). These factors included those with both known and unknown roles during receptivity and implantation. The expression of one previously unknown @entity3566 -regulated factor, @entity540 ( @entity540 ), in @entity1 endometrium and its effects on hEEC function were further examined. METHODS: hEECs isolated from endometrial biopsies collected from fertile cycling @entity1 (n = 15) were treated    recombinant @entity3566 (0.2-20 IU/ml) for 48 h and conditioned media was quantitatively analysed using Luminex    multiplex technology. @entity540 was further investigated by immunohistochemistry, western blot and cell-adhesion assays. RESULTS: Of 44 cytokines/growth factors examined, 39 were produced by hEECs with a distinct profile. @entity3566 (2 IU/ml) significantly increased the production of six factors, including those with known roles in receptivity and trophoblast function ( @entity4382 ), blastocyst migration and adhesion ( @entity371 ), blastocyst development ( @entity2841 ) and one unknown with respect to receptivity and implantation ( @entity540 ). Up-regulation of known @entity3566 -regulated proteins, vascular endothelial growth factor and @entity1778 inhibitory factor, validated this study. Immunoreactive epithelial @entity540 increased across the menstrual cycle, being highest in secretory and first trimester pregnancy endometrium in vivo. @entity540 (100 ng/ml) stimulated phosphorylation of @entity1366 in hEEC with no effect on @entity1366 abundance and stimulated hEEC adhesion to fibronectin and collagen IV (components of blastocyst/trophectoderm extracellular matrix). CONCLUSIONS: These findings clearly support roles for @entity3566 and @entity540 in the blastocyst-endometrial cross-talk important for endometrial receptivity and blastocyst implantation.

title: @entity1 chorionic gonadotrophin regulates XXXX and other cytokines produced by @entity1 endometrial epithelial cells, providing a mechanism for enhancing endometrial receptivity.

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['fibroblast growth factor 2', 'FGF2']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor']

answer: @entity540 :: (2247,Gene) :: ['FGF2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preimplantation cross-talk between a functional blastocyst and the endometrium is critical for successful blastocyst implantation. This interaction is mediated in part by endometrial cytokines/growth factors secreted by glandular epithelium into the uterine cavity. Recent evidence suggests that blastocyst-derived @entity3566 may influence the endometrial milieu in conception cycles thereby enhancing receptivity and implantation success. This study investigated the effect of @entity3566 on the secretory profile of a select cohort of 44 cytokines/growth factors from primary @entity1 endometrial epithelial cells (hEECs). These factors included those with both known and unknown roles during receptivity and implantation. The expression of one previously unknown @entity3566 -regulated factor, @entity540 ( @entity540 ), in @entity1 endometrium and its effects on hEEC function were further examined. METHODS: hEECs isolated from endometrial biopsies collected from fertile cycling @entity1 (n = 15) were treated    recombinant @entity3566 (0.2-20 IU/ml) for 48 h and conditioned media was quantitatively analysed using Luminex    multiplex technology. @entity540 was further investigated by immunohistochemistry, western blot and cell-adhesion assays. RESULTS: Of 44 cytokines/growth factors examined, 39 were produced by hEECs with a distinct profile. @entity3566 (2 IU/ml) significantly increased the production of six factors, including those with known roles in receptivity and trophoblast function ( @entity4382 ), blastocyst migration and adhesion ( @entity371 ), blastocyst development ( @entity2841 ) and one unknown with respect to receptivity and implantation ( @entity540 ). Up-regulation of known @entity3566 -regulated proteins, vascular endothelial growth factor and @entity1778 inhibitory factor, validated this study. Immunoreactive epithelial @entity540 increased across the menstrual cycle, being highest in secretory and first trimester pregnancy endometrium in vivo. @entity540 (100 ng/ml) stimulated phosphorylation of @entity1366 in hEEC with no effect on @entity1366 abundance and stimulated hEEC adhesion to fibronectin and collagen IV (components of blastocyst/trophectoderm extracellular matrix). CONCLUSIONS: These findings clearly support roles for @entity3566 and @entity540 in the blastocyst-endometrial cross-talk important for endometrial receptivity and blastocyst implantation.

title: XXXX chorionic gonadotrophin regulates @entity540 and other cytokines produced by @entity1 endometrial epithelial cells, providing a mechanism for enhancing endometrial receptivity.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preimplantation cross-talk between a functional blastocyst and the endometrium is critical for successful blastocyst implantation. This interaction is mediated in part by endometrial cytokines/growth factors secreted by glandular epithelium into the uterine cavity. Recent evidence suggests that blastocyst-derived @entity3566 may influence the endometrial milieu in conception cycles thereby enhancing receptivity and implantation success. This study investigated the effect of @entity3566 on the secretory profile of a select cohort of 44 cytokines/growth factors from primary @entity1 endometrial epithelial cells (hEECs). These factors included those with both known and unknown roles during receptivity and implantation. The expression of one previously unknown @entity3566 -regulated factor, @entity540 ( @entity540 ), in @entity1 endometrium and its effects on hEEC function were further examined. METHODS: hEECs isolated from endometrial biopsies collected from fertile cycling @entity1 (n = 15) were treated    recombinant @entity3566 (0.2-20 IU/ml) for 48 h and conditioned media was quantitatively analysed using Luminex    multiplex technology. @entity540 was further investigated by immunohistochemistry, western blot and cell-adhesion assays. RESULTS: Of 44 cytokines/growth factors examined, 39 were produced by hEECs with a distinct profile. @entity3566 (2 IU/ml) significantly increased the production of six factors, including those with known roles in receptivity and trophoblast function ( @entity4382 ), blastocyst migration and adhesion ( @entity371 ), blastocyst development ( @entity2841 ) and one unknown with respect to receptivity and implantation ( @entity540 ). Up-regulation of known @entity3566 -regulated proteins, vascular endothelial growth factor and @entity1778 inhibitory factor, validated this study. Immunoreactive epithelial @entity540 increased across the menstrual cycle, being highest in secretory and first trimester pregnancy endometrium in vivo. @entity540 (100 ng/ml) stimulated phosphorylation of @entity1366 in hEEC with no effect on @entity1366 abundance and stimulated hEEC adhesion to fibronectin and collagen IV (components of blastocyst/trophectoderm extracellular matrix). CONCLUSIONS: These findings clearly support roles for @entity3566 and @entity540 in the blastocyst-endometrial cross-talk important for endometrial receptivity and blastocyst implantation.

title: @entity1 chorionic gonadotrophin regulates @entity540 and other cytokines produced by XXXX endometrial epithelial cells, providing a mechanism for enhancing endometrial receptivity.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Inactivated @entity13581 (ORFV, parapoxvirus ovis) induces antiviral activity in animal models of @entity41825 and exerts strong effects on @entity1 immune cells. ORFV activates @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) via @entity5750 and, probably, Toll-like receptor signalling, and triggers the release of @entity379 that has been identified as the key mediator of the antiviral activity. After delineating virus proteins as being the most likely active constituent, we aimed to characterize the ORFV proteins responsible for the therapeutic effect. By using a @entity6621 /ORFV expression library we identified several multi-gene DNA fragments with strong immunomodulatory activity. Together these fragments contain 27 ORFs. The encoded proteins are related to virion structure and transcription but are otherwise unrelated. Two proteins were separately expressed and purified, and demonstrated immunostimulatory activity. Gene expression profiles induced by ORFV and the identified fragments were investigated by microarray analysis. Interestingly, all active fragments induced a similar gene-expression pattern, differing only in quantitative aspects. Obviously, several proteins of ORFV activate similar cellular pathways, modulating @entity1358 to generate a strong T-helper 1-dominated immune response. This was balanced by additional induction of immune dampening mechanisms, suggesting regulatory differences compared to single cytokine therapies. We conclude that ORFV may have the potential to enrich the armamentarium of antiviral therapies.

title: Characterization of immunostimulatory components of XXXX (parapoxvirus ovis).

entities_list: @entity41825 :: ('MESH:D015828', 'Disease') :: ['acute and chronic viral infections']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['APC', 'antigen presenting cells']

entities_list: @entity6621 :: ('10245', 'Species') :: ['vaccinia virus']

answer: @entity13581 :: (10258,Species) :: ['orf virus']


abstract: @entity4225 ( @entity4225 ) is a severe @entity146 condition of undetermined brain underpinnings, which involves profound emotion regulation @entity73 . To elucidate biopsychological markers of the disorder, we performed two studies: i.) assessing empathy and social cognition and ii.) measuring the psychophysical properties and functional brain correlates of empathic functioning in a total of fifty-one affected @entity1 and 50 age- and gender-matched controls. In the behavioral study we applied the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET), a new, ecologically valid measure to assess cognitive (i.e., social cognition) and emotional (i.e., empathic concern) empathy to a subset of @entity1 . In the second study, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and skin conductance measurements were performed while @entity1 took a scanner-adapted version of the MET. @entity1 with @entity4225 showed impairments in @entity73 . Brain responses during cognitive empathy were significantly reduced in @entity1 compared to controls in the left superior temporal sulcus and gyrus ( @entity2031 / @entity17649 ), where this reduction was associated with levels of intrusive symptomatology in the @entity4225 group. During emotional empathy, @entity1 with @entity4225 exhibited greater brain activity than controls in the right middle insular cortex, a response that was associated with skin conductance responses in the @entity1 . Results indicate that altered functioning of the @entity2031 / @entity17649 and insula represents pathophysiological mediators for reduced empathy in @entity4225 , with an important role for intrusive symptomatology and levels of arousal. The findings thus support a conceptualization of @entity4225 as @entity51 in both inferring others' mental states and being emotionally attuned to another @entity1 .

title: Neuronal correlates of @entity73 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['BPD', 'Borderline personality disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['deficits and interpersonal impairment', 'cognitive and emotional empathy']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['involving deficits']

answer: @entity4225 :: (MESH:D001883,Disease) :: ['borderline personality disorder']


abstract: @entity4225 ( @entity4225 ) is a severe @entity146 condition of undetermined brain underpinnings, which involves profound emotion regulation @entity73 . To elucidate biopsychological markers of the disorder, we performed two studies: i.) assessing empathy and social cognition and ii.) measuring the psychophysical properties and functional brain correlates of empathic functioning in a total of fifty-one affected @entity1 and 50 age- and gender-matched controls. In the behavioral study we applied the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET), a new, ecologically valid measure to assess cognitive (i.e., social cognition) and emotional (i.e., empathic concern) empathy to a subset of @entity1 . In the second study, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and skin conductance measurements were performed while @entity1 took a scanner-adapted version of the MET. @entity1 with @entity4225 showed impairments in @entity73 . Brain responses during cognitive empathy were significantly reduced in @entity1 compared to controls in the left superior temporal sulcus and gyrus ( @entity2031 / @entity17649 ), where this reduction was associated with levels of intrusive symptomatology in the @entity4225 group. During emotional empathy, @entity1 with @entity4225 exhibited greater brain activity than controls in the right middle insular cortex, a response that was associated with skin conductance responses in the @entity1 . Results indicate that altered functioning of the @entity2031 / @entity17649 and insula represents pathophysiological mediators for reduced empathy in @entity4225 , with an important role for intrusive symptomatology and levels of arousal. The findings thus support a conceptualization of @entity4225 as @entity51 in both inferring others' mental states and being emotionally attuned to another @entity1 .

title: Neuronal correlates of XXXX in @entity4225 .

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['altered empathy and social cognition']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A new category of @entity55 ( @entity55 ) has been added in the most recent American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America (ATS/IDSA) guidelines, since multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens are more common in @entity1 with @entity55 than in those with @entity497 ( @entity497 ). The optimal empirical management of @entity1 with @entity55 remains controversial and adherence to guidelines is inconsistent. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 3295 adults admitted for @entity55 in an academic centre of Canada, between 1997 and 2008. RESULTS: MDR pathogens were more common among @entity1 with @entity55 than in those with @entity497 , but less so than in other studies. Compared with @entity1 with @entity497 , those with @entity55 had a higher all-cause 30 day mortality [68/563 (12%) versus 201/2732 (7%); P < 0.001] and more frequent need for mechanical ventilation [78/563 (14%) versus 276/2732 (10%); P = 0.01]. In @entity1 with @entity497 , mortality was lower when treatment was concordant with guidelines [86/1557 (6%) versus 109/1097 (10%) if discordant; adjusted odds ratio 0.6 (0.4-0.8); P < 0.001]. In @entity55 , mortality was similar whether or not empirical treatment was concordant with guidelines [6/35 (17%) versus 18/148 (12%) if discordant; P = 0.4]. However, 30 day mortality tended to be higher when the empirical treatment was microbiologically ineffective [4/22 (18%) versus 17/187 (9%) when effective; P = 0.3]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity55 is associated with worse outcomes than @entity497 . MDR pathogens were implicated in only a small fraction of @entity55 cases. In our study, unlike @entity497 , non-respect of current @entity55 guidelines had no adverse effect on the ultimate outcome. Strategies for the empirical management of @entity55 should be tailored to the local epidemiological context.

title: Impact of guideline-consistent therapy on outcome of @entity1 with healthcare-associated and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['HCAP', 'healthcare-associated pneumonia', 'pneumonia']

answer: @entity497 :: (MESH:D003147,Disease) :: ['community-acquired pneumonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A new category of @entity55 ( @entity55 ) has been added in the most recent American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America (ATS/IDSA) guidelines, since multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens are more common in @entity1 with @entity55 than in those with @entity497 ( @entity497 ). The optimal empirical management of @entity1 with @entity55 remains controversial and adherence to guidelines is inconsistent. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 3295 adults admitted for @entity55 in an academic centre of Canada, between 1997 and 2008. RESULTS: MDR pathogens were more common among @entity1 with @entity55 than in those with @entity497 , but less so than in other studies. Compared with @entity1 with @entity497 , those with @entity55 had a higher all-cause 30 day mortality [68/563 (12%) versus 201/2732 (7%); P < 0.001] and more frequent need for mechanical ventilation [78/563 (14%) versus 276/2732 (10%); P = 0.01]. In @entity1 with @entity497 , mortality was lower when treatment was concordant with guidelines [86/1557 (6%) versus 109/1097 (10%) if discordant; adjusted odds ratio 0.6 (0.4-0.8); P < 0.001]. In @entity55 , mortality was similar whether or not empirical treatment was concordant with guidelines [6/35 (17%) versus 18/148 (12%) if discordant; P = 0.4]. However, 30 day mortality tended to be higher when the empirical treatment was microbiologically ineffective [4/22 (18%) versus 17/187 (9%) when effective; P = 0.3]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity55 is associated with worse outcomes than @entity497 . MDR pathogens were implicated in only a small fraction of @entity55 cases. In our study, unlike @entity497 , non-respect of current @entity55 guidelines had no adverse effect on the ultimate outcome. Strategies for the empirical management of @entity55 should be tailored to the local epidemiological context.

title: Impact of guideline-consistent therapy on outcome of XXXX with healthcare-associated and @entity497 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Primary @entity3975 ( @entity3975 ) of the esophagus is an uncommon @entity5 characterized by a diffuse mixture of squamous and mucus-secreting @entity189 cells. Its biological behavior and response to therapies have not been well studied. Surgical resection is still the primary treatment, but the prognosis is poor. This retrospective study was designed to investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of primary esophageal @entity3975 . METHODS: Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed from 36 @entity1 with pathologically confirmed primary esophageal @entity3975 who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy between January 1991 and June 2010 at the @entity5 Hospital of Shantou University Medical College. There were 27 @entity1 and 9 @entity1 ranging in age from 40 to 78 years (median, 58 years). Twenty-six of the 36 @entity1 were treated with surgery alone. The other 10 were treated with surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy. The Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods were used to estimate and compare survival rates. Cox's hazard regression model was used to identify prognostic factors, with entry factors of gender, age ( <=60 years versus >60 years), length of the @entity75 ( <=5 cm versus >5 cm), location of the @entity75 , macroscopic @entity5 type, @entity5 cell differentiation, pT, pN, pTNM stage, operation type (radical/palliative), and radiotherapy (yes/no). RESULTS: The clinical symptoms, radiological and endoscopic features of primary esophageal @entity3975 were similar to those of @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ). Of the 20 cases who underwent preoperative endoscopic biopsy, 18 cases were misdiagnosed as @entity1721 and 2 were misdiagnosed as @entity418 . The mean follow-up duration of this series was 38.8 months (range, 3-142 months). Twenty-two @entity1 had died, 12 were still alive, and 2 were lost to follow-up. The median survival time of the 36 @entity1 was 29.0 months (95% confidence interval = 20.0-38.0), and the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 80.6%, 57.1%, 34.4%, and 25.8%, respectively. The 5-year survival rate of 25.8% was lower than 5-year absolute survival rate of 39.2% for @entity1721 @entity1 who had undergone surgical resection during the same period at our center. For @entity1 who underwent a radical operation, the 5-year survival rate of 32.0% for @entity3975 @entity1 was also lower than that of 41.7% (908/2175) for @entity1721 @entity1 . In univariate analysis, pN (pN0/pN1-3) (p = 0.003) and operation type (radical/palliative) (p = 0.006) significantly influenced the median survival time of @entity3975 @entity1 . In multivariate analysis, pN (pN0/pN1-3) (p = 0.002) and operation type (radical/palliative) (p = 0.004) were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Primary esophageal @entity3975 is a @entity395 and prone to be misdiagnosed. Lymph node @entity3 and operation are independent prognostic factors. Surgical resection is the primary treatment, but the prognosis is poor.

title: Primary XXXX of the esophagus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3975 :: ('MESH:D018277', 'Disease') :: ['mucoepidermoid carcinoma', 'MEC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['glandular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma', 'ESCC']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal adenosquamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

answer: @entity3975 :: (MESH:D018277,Disease) :: ['mucoepidermoid carcinoma']


abstract: The purpose of this work is to extract three-dimensional (3D) motion trajectories of internal implanted and external skin-attached markers from kV cone-beam projections and reduce image artifact from @entity1 motion in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) from on-board imager. Cone beam radiographic projections were acquired for a mobile phantom and liver @entity1 with internal implanted and external skin-attached markers. An algorithm was developed to automatically find the positions of the markers in the projections. It uses normalized cross-correlation between a template image of a metal seed marker and the projections to find the marker position. From these positions and time-tagged angular views, the marker 3D motion trajectory was obtained over a time interval of nearly one minute, which is the time required for scanning. This marker trajectory was used to remap the pixels of the projections to eliminate motion. Then, the motion-corrected projections were used to reconstruct CBCT. An algorithm was developed to extract 3D motion trajectories of internal and external markers from cone-beam projections using a kV monoscopic on-board imager. This algorithm was tested and validated using a mobile phantom and @entity1 with liver masses that had radio-markers implanted in the @entity5 and attached to the skin. The extracted motion trajectories were used to investigate motion correlation between internal and external markers in liver @entity1 . Image artifacts from respiratory motion were reduced in CBCT reconstructed from cone-beam projections that were preprocessed to remove motion shifts obtained from marker tracking. With this method, motion-related image artifacts such as blurring and @entity2167 were reduced, and contrast and position resolutions were improved significantly in CBCT reconstructed from motion-corrected projections. Furthermore, correlated internal and external marker 3D-motion tracks obtained from the kV projections might be useful for 4DCBCT, beam gating and @entity5 motion monitoring or tracking.

title: An algorithm to extract three-dimensional motion by marker tracking in the kV projections from an on-board imager: four-dimensional cone-beam CT and XXXX tracking implications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['spatial distortion']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is the gold standard method for the diagnosis of cellular rejection (CR) after @entity299 ( @entity299 ). OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) could detect @entity9536 and add diagnostic information compared to conventional Doppler. METHODS: Fifty-four @entity299 @entity1 underwent 129 EMB and a TDI echocardiographic study within 24 hours. We compared @entity299 @entity1 with @entity9536 versus @entity299 @entity1 with CR < 3A, with a normal matched control group (13 @entity1 ). We measured TDI systolic (S), early diastolic (e'), late diastolic (a') velocities and e'/a' ratio in the left ventricular annulus, basal and medium (mid) segments of the septal (SEP), lateral (LAT), inferior (INF), anterior (ANT) walls; and in the right ventricular annulus. RESULTS: @entity299 @entity1 showed @entity9536 in 39/129 (30.2%) EMB. The best isolated predictor for CR diagnosis was a'LAT, with a sensitivity of 76.3%, specificity of 73.8% (p = 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, a'LAT (p = 0.001), a'SEP (p = 0.002), e'/a' LAT ratio (p = 0.006), e'Mitral/ e'LAT ratio (p = 0.014), SINF (p = 0.009) predicted @entity9536 . We obtained a score with a sensitivity of 88.2%, accuracy of 79.6% and negative predictive value of 92.9% to diagnose @entity9536 . Conventional Doppler (mitral and pulmonary venous flow) was not relevant to predict @entity9536 . CONCLUSION: TDI added diagnostic information to predict @entity9536 compared to conventional Doppler. A TDI-based model could become a potential method to detect @entity9536 after @entity299 .

title: Tissue doppler echocardiography in the diagnosis of XXXX rejection.

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'heart transplantation']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['heart transplantation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between perceived performance in prioritized activities and physical conditions related to grip reconstruction. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical outcome study. @entity1 : Forty-seven individuals with @entity1688 were included in the study. Each @entity1 underwent tendon transfer surgery in the hand between November 2002 and April 2009 and had a complete 1-year follow-up. METHODS: Functional characteristics and performance data were collected from our database and medical records. @entity1 ' perceived performances in prioritized activities were recorded using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measurement. Preoperative data included age at surgery, time since injury, severity of @entity130 and hand dominance. At 1-year follow-up, grip strength, key pinch strength, finger pulp-to-palm distance, distance between thumb and index finger and wrist flexion were measured. Correlation rank coefficient was used to test the possible relationship between physical data and activity performance. RESULTS: There were improvements in both functional factors and in rated performance of prioritized activities after surgery. There was no correlation between performance change and any of the physical functions, the factors known before surgery, or the functional outcome factors. CONCLUSION: No correlation exists between a single functional outcome parameter and the @entity1 ' perceived performance of their prioritized goals in reconstructive hand surgery in @entity1688 .

title: Performance of prioritized activities is not correlated with functional factors after grip reconstruction in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'participant', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['tetraplegia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury, sensibility']

answer: @entity1688 :: (MESH:D011782,Disease) :: ['tetraplegia']


abstract: @entity2040 is endemic in over 70 countries, in which more than 200 million @entity1 are infected with the various schistosome species. Understanding the physiological processes underlying key developmental events could be useful in developing novel chemotherapeutic reagents or infection intervention strategies. Calmodulin is a small, @entity460 -sensing protein found in all eukaryotes and, although the protein has been previously identified in various @entity380 stages and implicated in egg hatching and miracidia transformation, few molecular and functional data are available for this essential protein. Herein, we report the molecular cloning, expression, and functional characterization of calmodulin in the miracidia and primary sporocyst stages of @entity383 . Two transcripts, SmCaM1 and SmCaM2, were cloned and sequenced, and a recombinant SmCaM1 protein was expressed in @entity526 and used to generate anti-CaM antibodies. The 2 protein sequences were highly conserved when compared to other model organisms. The alignment of the predicted proteins of both SmCaM1 and SmCaM2 exhibited 99% identity to each other and 97-98% identity with @entity1 calmodulins. Analysis of steady-state transcript abundance indicate that the 2 calmodulin transcripts differ in their stage-associated expression patterns, although the CaM protein isotype appears to be constitutively expressed during early larval development. Application of RNAi to larval parasites results in a "stunted growth" phenotype in sporocysts with 30 and 35% reduction in transcript abundance for SmCaM1 and SmCaM2, respectively, and a corresponding 35% reduction in protein level after incubation in double-stranded RNA. Differential expression of CaM transcripts during early larval development and a growth defect-inducing effect associated with partial transcript and protein inhibition as a result of RNAi suggest a potentially important role of calmodulin during early larval development.

title: Cloning and functional characterization of two calmodulin genes during larval development in the parasitic flatworm XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'people']

entities_list: @entity380 :: ('6183', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma mansoni']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['Schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity380 :: (6183,Species) :: ['Schistosoma mansoni']


abstract: A retrospective analysis is reported in 232 @entity1 with clinical Stage I @entity1204 diagnosed between 1980 and 1988, treated with combined surgery and adjuvant irradiation. @entity5 were restaged according to the FIGO (1988) surgical staging system (SSS) in order to assess the prognostic value of this revised classification and of the conventional clinico-pathological features (age, performance status, grade and depth of @entity3 ). The 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of the series was 85% and 90.8%, respectively. Both 5-year RFS and @entity1349 were not significantly different adopting the FIGO (1971) clinical Stage (Stage IA 93% and 88% vs Stage IB 88.5 and 82%. respectively) whereas they were significant by FIGO SSS (Stage IA 96% and 93% vs Stage IB 94% and 88.5% vs Stage IC 74% and 63%, respectively) (p=0.001 and p=0.0005, respectively). Other factors that significantly affected 5-year RFS or @entity1349 at univariate analysis were age (p=0.01 and p<0.0001, respectively), performance status (p=0.035 and p=0.001, respectively), grade (p=0.015 and p<0.0001, respectively) and @entity3 (p=0.0017 and p=0.0003, respectively). A multivariate analysis of these prognostic variables showed that FIGO SSS was the only significant and independent (p=0.01) indicator for recurrence. However, when therapy was added to the model, FIGO SSS failed to retain significance (p=0.11). Concerning @entity1349 age (p<0.0001), performance status (p=0.04) and FIGO SSS (p=0.05) were significant and independent prognosticators, also when therapy was included in the analysis. In conclusion, this study shows that the new FIGO SSS is a useful prognosticator as well as is age and performance status, in early Stage @entity1204 .

title: Multivariate-analysis of prognostic factors in 232 @entity1 with clinical stage-I XXXX using the new figo surgical staging system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['myometrial invasion']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial adenocarcinoma']


abstract: A retrospective analysis is reported in 232 @entity1 with clinical Stage I @entity1204 diagnosed between 1980 and 1988, treated with combined surgery and adjuvant irradiation. @entity5 were restaged according to the FIGO (1988) surgical staging system (SSS) in order to assess the prognostic value of this revised classification and of the conventional clinico-pathological features (age, performance status, grade and depth of @entity3 ). The 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of the series was 85% and 90.8%, respectively. Both 5-year RFS and @entity1349 were not significantly different adopting the FIGO (1971) clinical Stage (Stage IA 93% and 88% vs Stage IB 88.5 and 82%. respectively) whereas they were significant by FIGO SSS (Stage IA 96% and 93% vs Stage IB 94% and 88.5% vs Stage IC 74% and 63%, respectively) (p=0.001 and p=0.0005, respectively). Other factors that significantly affected 5-year RFS or @entity1349 at univariate analysis were age (p=0.01 and p<0.0001, respectively), performance status (p=0.035 and p=0.001, respectively), grade (p=0.015 and p<0.0001, respectively) and @entity3 (p=0.0017 and p=0.0003, respectively). A multivariate analysis of these prognostic variables showed that FIGO SSS was the only significant and independent (p=0.01) indicator for recurrence. However, when therapy was added to the model, FIGO SSS failed to retain significance (p=0.11). Concerning @entity1349 age (p<0.0001), performance status (p=0.04) and FIGO SSS (p=0.05) were significant and independent prognosticators, also when therapy was included in the analysis. In conclusion, this study shows that the new FIGO SSS is a useful prognosticator as well as is age and performance status, in early Stage @entity1204 .

title: Multivariate-analysis of prognostic factors in 232 XXXX with clinical stage-I @entity1204 using the new figo surgical staging system.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In this study, synchronous spontaneous, independent liver and @entity5 were detected in a Bearded dragon ( @entity34450 ). The @entity5 consisted of @entity1419 as well as in situ @entity420 and two @entity652 . The biliary epithelial cells and the @entity201 showed @entity2915 -immunoreactivity for claudin-7. The gallbladder epithelial cells, its @entity652 and @entity420 showed basolateral cross-reactivity for claudin-7. We think that the humanised anti-claudin-7 antibody is a good marker for the detection of different primary cholangiocellular and @entity5 in Bearded dragons. The cholangiocytes, the @entity201 , the endothelial cells of the liver and the epithelial cells and @entity5 all showed claudin-5 cross-reactivity. The humanised anti-cytokeratin AE1-AE3 antibody showed cross-reactivity in the biliary epithelial cells, @entity201 cells, epithelial cells and @entity5 cells of the gallbladder. It seems that this humanised antibody is a useful epithelial marker for the different neoplastic lesions of epithelial cells in reptiles. The humanised anti-a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) antibody showed intense cross-reactivity in the smooth muscle cells of the hepatic vessels and in the muscle layer of the gallbladder. The portal myofibroblasts, the endothelial cells of the sinusoids and the stromal cells of the @entity201 and @entity5 were positive for a-SMA. The antibovine anti-vimentin and humanised anti-Ki-67 antibodies did not show crossreactivity in the different samples from the Bearded dragon.

title: Claudin-7-positive synchronous spontaneous @entity1419 , @entity420 and XXXX in a Bearded dragon ( @entity34450 ).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder tumours', 'multiple tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity34450 :: ('103695', 'Species') :: ['Pogona vitticeps']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['membranous cross']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas of the gallbladder', 'adenoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity652 :: (MESH:D000236,Disease) :: ['adenomas of the gallbladder']


abstract: In this study, synchronous spontaneous, independent liver and @entity5 were detected in a Bearded dragon ( @entity34450 ). The @entity5 consisted of @entity1419 as well as in situ @entity420 and two @entity652 . The biliary epithelial cells and the @entity201 showed @entity2915 -immunoreactivity for claudin-7. The gallbladder epithelial cells, its @entity652 and @entity420 showed basolateral cross-reactivity for claudin-7. We think that the humanised anti-claudin-7 antibody is a good marker for the detection of different primary cholangiocellular and @entity5 in Bearded dragons. The cholangiocytes, the @entity201 , the endothelial cells of the liver and the epithelial cells and @entity5 all showed claudin-5 cross-reactivity. The humanised anti-cytokeratin AE1-AE3 antibody showed cross-reactivity in the biliary epithelial cells, @entity201 cells, epithelial cells and @entity5 cells of the gallbladder. It seems that this humanised antibody is a useful epithelial marker for the different neoplastic lesions of epithelial cells in reptiles. The humanised anti-a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) antibody showed intense cross-reactivity in the smooth muscle cells of the hepatic vessels and in the muscle layer of the gallbladder. The portal myofibroblasts, the endothelial cells of the sinusoids and the stromal cells of the @entity201 and @entity5 were positive for a-SMA. The antibovine anti-vimentin and humanised anti-Ki-67 antibodies did not show crossreactivity in the different samples from the Bearded dragon.

title: Claudin-7-positive synchronous spontaneous XXXX , @entity420 and @entity652 in a Bearded dragon ( @entity34450 ).

answer: @entity1419 :: (MESH:C535533,Disease) :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: In this study, synchronous spontaneous, independent liver and @entity5 were detected in a Bearded dragon ( @entity34450 ). The @entity5 consisted of @entity1419 as well as in situ @entity420 and two @entity652 . The biliary epithelial cells and the @entity201 showed @entity2915 -immunoreactivity for claudin-7. The gallbladder epithelial cells, its @entity652 and @entity420 showed basolateral cross-reactivity for claudin-7. We think that the humanised anti-claudin-7 antibody is a good marker for the detection of different primary cholangiocellular and @entity5 in Bearded dragons. The cholangiocytes, the @entity201 , the endothelial cells of the liver and the epithelial cells and @entity5 all showed claudin-5 cross-reactivity. The humanised anti-cytokeratin AE1-AE3 antibody showed cross-reactivity in the biliary epithelial cells, @entity201 cells, epithelial cells and @entity5 cells of the gallbladder. It seems that this humanised antibody is a useful epithelial marker for the different neoplastic lesions of epithelial cells in reptiles. The humanised anti-a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) antibody showed intense cross-reactivity in the smooth muscle cells of the hepatic vessels and in the muscle layer of the gallbladder. The portal myofibroblasts, the endothelial cells of the sinusoids and the stromal cells of the @entity201 and @entity5 were positive for a-SMA. The antibovine anti-vimentin and humanised anti-Ki-67 antibodies did not show crossreactivity in the different samples from the Bearded dragon.

title: Claudin-7-positive synchronous spontaneous @entity1419 , @entity420 and @entity652 in a Bearded dragon ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity34450 :: (103695,Species) :: ['Pogona vitticeps']


abstract: In this study, synchronous spontaneous, independent liver and @entity5 were detected in a Bearded dragon ( @entity34450 ). The @entity5 consisted of @entity1419 as well as in situ @entity420 and two @entity652 . The biliary epithelial cells and the @entity201 showed @entity2915 -immunoreactivity for claudin-7. The gallbladder epithelial cells, its @entity652 and @entity420 showed basolateral cross-reactivity for claudin-7. We think that the humanised anti-claudin-7 antibody is a good marker for the detection of different primary cholangiocellular and @entity5 in Bearded dragons. The cholangiocytes, the @entity201 , the endothelial cells of the liver and the epithelial cells and @entity5 all showed claudin-5 cross-reactivity. The humanised anti-cytokeratin AE1-AE3 antibody showed cross-reactivity in the biliary epithelial cells, @entity201 cells, epithelial cells and @entity5 cells of the gallbladder. It seems that this humanised antibody is a useful epithelial marker for the different neoplastic lesions of epithelial cells in reptiles. The humanised anti-a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) antibody showed intense cross-reactivity in the smooth muscle cells of the hepatic vessels and in the muscle layer of the gallbladder. The portal myofibroblasts, the endothelial cells of the sinusoids and the stromal cells of the @entity201 and @entity5 were positive for a-SMA. The antibovine anti-vimentin and humanised anti-Ki-67 antibodies did not show crossreactivity in the different samples from the Bearded dragon.

title: Claudin-7-positive synchronous spontaneous @entity1419 , XXXX and @entity652 in a Bearded dragon ( @entity34450 ).

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: To reduce @entity632 , @entity1732 , @entity5713 and @entity2699 @entity137 , the @entity5 and @entity1778 Group B conducted a phase 2 trial of @entity632 , @entity5713 , and @entity136 for newly diagnosed, nonbulky stages I and II @entity978 . Ninety-nine assessable @entity1 received 6 cycles of @entity632 25 mg/m(2), @entity5713 6 mg/m(2), and @entity136 800 mg/m(2) (1000 mg/m(2) in first 6) on days 1 and 15 every 28 days. Computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) were performed before and after 2 and 6 cycles. Complete remission (CR)/CR unconfirmed was achieved in 72 of 99 @entity1 (72.7%) and partial remission in 24 of 99 @entity1 (24.2%). The CR rate was 81% when using PET criteria. Two @entity1 have died of @entity978 progression. Median follow-up for nonprogressing @entity1 is 3.3 years. The progression-free survival (PFS) at 3 years was 77% (95% confidence interval, 68%-84%). The relapse rate was less than 10% for @entity1 with favorable prognostic factors. The 2-year PFS for cycle 2 PET-negative and -positive @entity1 was 88% and 54%, respectively (P = .0009), compared with 89% and 27% for cycle 6 PET-negative and -positive @entity1 (P = .0001). Although the CR rate and PFS were lower than anticipated, @entity1 with favorable prognostic features had a low rate of relapse. Cycle 2 PET and cycle 6 PET were predictive of PFS.

title: @entity632 , @entity5713 , and @entity136 (CALGB 50203) for stage I/II nonbulky XXXX : pretreatment prognostic factors and interim PET.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']


abstract: To reduce @entity632 , @entity1732 , @entity5713 and @entity2699 @entity137 , the @entity5 and @entity1778 Group B conducted a phase 2 trial of @entity632 , @entity5713 , and @entity136 for newly diagnosed, nonbulky stages I and II @entity978 . Ninety-nine assessable @entity1 received 6 cycles of @entity632 25 mg/m(2), @entity5713 6 mg/m(2), and @entity136 800 mg/m(2) (1000 mg/m(2) in first 6) on days 1 and 15 every 28 days. Computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) were performed before and after 2 and 6 cycles. Complete remission (CR)/CR unconfirmed was achieved in 72 of 99 @entity1 (72.7%) and partial remission in 24 of 99 @entity1 (24.2%). The CR rate was 81% when using PET criteria. Two @entity1 have died of @entity978 progression. Median follow-up for nonprogressing @entity1 is 3.3 years. The progression-free survival (PFS) at 3 years was 77% (95% confidence interval, 68%-84%). The relapse rate was less than 10% for @entity1 with favorable prognostic factors. The 2-year PFS for cycle 2 PET-negative and -positive @entity1 was 88% and 54%, respectively (P = .0009), compared with 89% and 27% for cycle 6 PET-negative and -positive @entity1 (P = .0001). Although the CR rate and PFS were lower than anticipated, @entity1 with favorable prognostic features had a low rate of relapse. Cycle 2 PET and cycle 6 PET were predictive of PFS.

title: XXXX , @entity5713 , and @entity136 (CALGB 50203) for stage I/II nonbulky @entity978 : pretreatment prognostic factors and interim PET.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['Doxorubicin']