abstract: @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ), an inducible form of the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of prostanoids, is associated with @entity105 , which is suspected to promote angiogenesis and tissue invasion of @entity5 and resistance to apoptosis. @entity3840 is also involved in @entity3 and poor prognosis of @entity5 . @entity421 with @entity3840 positivity is from 67 to 92  %. @entity3840 -positive rate in metastatic lesions was greater than that of biopsy and/or resected samples of the primary site in @entity421 . And, what role does @entity3840 play in @entity3 ? Genetic studies support a cause-effect connection between @entity3840 and tumorigenesis. @entity3840 expression had a poor prognosis with regard to @entity3 , and @entity1 with increased @entity3840 expression in lung metastases died of the disease. @entity3840 expression has also been established as a marker in @entity1 @entity421 , and @entity3840 inhibition has been suggested as a possible way of improving therapeutic outcome. In addition, COX-inhibitors inhibit the @entity5 initiation, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cell differentiation and T cell proliferation and suppression of the antitumor activity of natural killer cells and macrophages, angiogenic mechanism. Therefore, we can exert the COX-inhibitors to potentialize the effects of chemotherapeutic agents, and reverse the @entity3 in @entity421 to facilitate the @entity1 who may benefit from addition of COX-inhibitors to standard cytotoxic therapy.

title: Cyclooxygeanse-2 promotes @entity3 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['Osteosarcoma', 'osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'osteosarcoma metastasis']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcoma']


abstract: @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ), an inducible form of the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of prostanoids, is associated with @entity105 , which is suspected to promote angiogenesis and tissue invasion of @entity5 and resistance to apoptosis. @entity3840 is also involved in @entity3 and poor prognosis of @entity5 . @entity421 with @entity3840 positivity is from 67 to 92  %. @entity3840 -positive rate in metastatic lesions was greater than that of biopsy and/or resected samples of the primary site in @entity421 . And, what role does @entity3840 play in @entity3 ? Genetic studies support a cause-effect connection between @entity3840 and tumorigenesis. @entity3840 expression had a poor prognosis with regard to @entity3 , and @entity1 with increased @entity3840 expression in lung metastases died of the disease. @entity3840 expression has also been established as a marker in @entity1 @entity421 , and @entity3840 inhibition has been suggested as a possible way of improving therapeutic outcome. In addition, COX-inhibitors inhibit the @entity5 initiation, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cell differentiation and T cell proliferation and suppression of the antitumor activity of natural killer cells and macrophages, angiogenic mechanism. Therefore, we can exert the COX-inhibitors to potentialize the effects of chemotherapeutic agents, and reverse the @entity3 in @entity421 to facilitate the @entity1 who may benefit from addition of COX-inhibitors to standard cytotoxic therapy.

title: Cyclooxygeanse-2 promotes XXXX in @entity421 .

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk for @entity600 associated with @entity281 in pregnancies after a @entity6124 ( @entity6124 ), compared with @entity1 with no prior @entity6124 . DESIGN: Multicentre retrospective cohort study. SETTING USA POPULATION: @entity1 with @entity6124 between 1996 and 2006 were compared with two unexposed groups who had cervical biopsy or Pap test, without any other cervical procedure, in the same calendar year. METHODS: The first pregnancy progressing beyond 20  weeks of gestation in @entity1 with prior @entity6124 was compared with pregnancy in @entity1 without @entity6124 . Stratified analysis according to the presence or the absence of @entity281 during pregnancy was used to investigate whether the risk for @entity600 differed according to the presence or the absence of @entity281 . The interaction between @entity6124 and @entity281 was investigated using multivariable logistic regression with interaction terms, as well as the Mantel-Haenszel test for homogeneity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Spontaneous @entity600 (<37 and <34  weeks of gestation). RESULTS: Of 1727 @entity1 who met the inclusion criteria, 34.4% (n  =  598) underwent @entity6124 prior to an index pregnancy. There was no increased risk for @entity281 among @entity1 with @entity6124 compared with @entity1 without @entity6124 . @entity1047 and @entity6124 demonstrated significant interaction, suggesting that the presence of @entity1047 in @entity1 with a history of @entity6124 augments the risk for @entity600 , compared with @entity1 with no history of @entity6124 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity281 during pregnancy in @entity1 with a history of @entity6124 may be associated with an increased risk for @entity600 , compared with @entity1 with no history of @entity6124 .

title: Loop electrosurgical excision procedure and risk of XXXX during pregnancy: an observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal infections', 'Vaginal infections', 'infection', 'vaginal infection']

entities_list: @entity6124 :: ('MESH:D001765', 'Disease') :: ['LEEP', 'loop electrosurgical excision procedure']

entities_list: @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['chlamydia infection', 'Chlamydia infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['vaginal infections']


abstract: There have been a few studies reporting the epidemiology of @entity7025 in Korea. Previous studies revealed relatively high prevalence and incidence of @entity7025 in Korea and Japan. This study was designed to provide the latest epidemiologic information of @entity7025 in Korea. We analyzed a database comprising of 50 million @entity1 covered in Korea by the National Health Insurance Service to calculate the prevalence. The incidence was estimated by eliminating the duplicated records of previous 3 years. We summarized the prevalence and incidence according to age, sex, and local distribution. In addition, the chronological changes were demonstrated with direct standardization using the 2010 population structure information. The standardized prevalence was 6.5 per 100000 @entity1 in 2005, which was increased to 18.1 in 2013. In the same period, standardized incidence was increased from 2.7 to 4.3 per 100000 @entity1 . The prevalence for @entity1 was 4.9 and 8.3 for @entity1 in 2005. In 2013, the prevalence had increased for @entity1 and @entity1 to 13.8 and 25.3, respectively. The incidence for @entity1 and @entity1 was 2.2 and 3.2, respectively, in 2005. It had increased to 3.5 and 5.7, respectively. The mean age of @entity1 was 33.5 in 2005 and increased to 42.5 in 2013. The peak prevalent age group had shifted slightly to the older age groups, with chronologically consistent female predominance. The prevalence was highest in Jeollabuk province and lowest in Ulsan city.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX in Korea: Based on National Health Insurance Service Data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity7025 :: ('MESH:D009072', 'Disease') :: ['moyamoya disease']

answer: @entity7025 :: (MESH:D009072,Disease) :: ['Moyamoya Disease']


abstract: The fixation of gamma-rays induced @entity16 ( @entity16 ) caused after treatment either with beta-araA or in medium made hypertonic by the addition of @entity2827 was studied in plateau phase @entity3569 V79 cells. Treatment with beta-araA was found to affect a sector of @entity16 , the fixation of which specifically reduced the shoulder width of the survival curve. The effect was maximized when cell survival reached levels corresponding to an exponential line, with a slope similar to the final slope of the survival curve of untreated cells. This effect was achieved by a four hour treatment with beta-araA at concentrations above 150 microM. Longer treatment times or incubation at higher beta-araA concentrations did not significantly enhance the effect. Treatment in hypertonic medium, on the other hand, enhanced cell killing in a concentration dependent ( @entity1219 -concentration) way and the survival reached values much lower than those corresponding to an exponential line. No indication for a plateau in the effect, indicating complete fixation of the sector of @entity16 that reacts sensitively to this treatment, was obtained. Both the slope and the shoulder width of the survival curve were affected, the slope first being increased after short treatment times (up to 10 min), followed by a decrease in the shoulder width after longer treatment times (longer than 10 min). Lesions fixed after treatment with beta-araA were repaired within four hours, whereas the repair of lesions fixed after treatment in hypertonic medium (460 mM @entity1219 , 30 min) appeared to be biphasic, with a fast component (completed in about one hour) correlated with a decrease in the slope and a slow component (completed in four hours) correlated with restoration of the shoulder width. Based on these results, we suggest that two types of @entity16 may be induced in plateau phase V79 cells after exposure to gamma-rays. One, the repair of which is completed within about one hour and which affects the slope of the survival curve, and a second, the repair of which takes place in a few hours and which specifically affects the survival curve shoulder width. The terms beta- @entity16 and alpha- @entity16 are suggested for the first and second component, respectively. Comparison of the repair rates of alpha- @entity16 as measured with the help of beta-araA and of sublethal damage as measured in split-dose experiments indicated that these two cellular repair processes have very similar kinetics when measured under the same experimental conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Evidence for the induction of two types of potentially lethal damage after exposure of plateau phase XXXX V79 cells to gamma-rays.

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['PLD', 'potentially damage']

entities_list: @entity3569 :: ('10029', 'Species') :: ['Chinese hamster']

answer: @entity3569 :: (10029,Species) :: ['Chinese hamster']


abstract: Background. Comorbidities are conditions that occur simultaneously but independently of another disorder. Among @entity1489 @entity1 , comorbidities are common and may influence management. Objective. We compared comorbidity assessment by traditional @entity910 ( @entity910 ) and by standardized @entity1 -reported questionnaire based on the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 (ACE-27). Methods. Between September 2011 and October 2013, @entity1489 @entity1 underwent prospective comorbidity assessment by a Mohs surgeon ( @entity910 ) and a radiation oncologist (using a standardized @entity1 -reported questionnaire based on the ACE-27, the PRACE-27). Comorbidities were identified and graded according to the ACE-27 and compared for agreement. Results. Forty-four @entity1 were evaluated. @entity910 and PRACE-27 identified comorbidities in 79.5% and 88.6% (p = 0.12) of @entity1 , respectively. Among 27 comorbid ailments, the @entity910 identified 9.9% as being present, while the PRACE-27 identified 12.5%. When there were discordant observations, PRACE-27 was more likely than @entity910 to identify the comorbidity (OR = 5.4, 95% CI = 2.4-14.4, p < 0.001). Overall comorbidity scores were moderate or severe in 43.2% ( @entity910 ) versus 59.1% (PRACE-27) (p = 0.016). Limitations. Small sample size from a single institution. Conclusion. Comorbidities are common in @entity1489 @entity1 , and a standardized questionnaire may better identify and grade them. More accurate comorbidity assessments may help guide @entity1489 management.

title: Comorbidity Assessment in XXXX @entity1 : A Pilot Study Comparing Medical Interview with a @entity1 -Reported Questionnaire.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'medical interview']

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['Skin Cancer']


abstract: Background. Comorbidities are conditions that occur simultaneously but independently of another disorder. Among @entity1489 @entity1 , comorbidities are common and may influence management. Objective. We compared comorbidity assessment by traditional @entity910 ( @entity910 ) and by standardized @entity1 -reported questionnaire based on the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 (ACE-27). Methods. Between September 2011 and October 2013, @entity1489 @entity1 underwent prospective comorbidity assessment by a Mohs surgeon ( @entity910 ) and a radiation oncologist (using a standardized @entity1 -reported questionnaire based on the ACE-27, the PRACE-27). Comorbidities were identified and graded according to the ACE-27 and compared for agreement. Results. Forty-four @entity1 were evaluated. @entity910 and PRACE-27 identified comorbidities in 79.5% and 88.6% (p = 0.12) of @entity1 , respectively. Among 27 comorbid ailments, the @entity910 identified 9.9% as being present, while the PRACE-27 identified 12.5%. When there were discordant observations, PRACE-27 was more likely than @entity910 to identify the comorbidity (OR = 5.4, 95% CI = 2.4-14.4, p < 0.001). Overall comorbidity scores were moderate or severe in 43.2% ( @entity910 ) versus 59.1% (PRACE-27) (p = 0.016). Limitations. Small sample size from a single institution. Conclusion. Comorbidities are common in @entity1489 @entity1 , and a standardized questionnaire may better identify and grade them. More accurate comorbidity assessments may help guide @entity1489 management.

title: Comorbidity Assessment in @entity1489 XXXX : A Pilot Study Comparing Medical Interview with a @entity1 -Reported Questionnaire.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Background. Comorbidities are conditions that occur simultaneously but independently of another disorder. Among @entity1489 @entity1 , comorbidities are common and may influence management. Objective. We compared comorbidity assessment by traditional @entity910 ( @entity910 ) and by standardized @entity1 -reported questionnaire based on the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 (ACE-27). Methods. Between September 2011 and October 2013, @entity1489 @entity1 underwent prospective comorbidity assessment by a Mohs surgeon ( @entity910 ) and a radiation oncologist (using a standardized @entity1 -reported questionnaire based on the ACE-27, the PRACE-27). Comorbidities were identified and graded according to the ACE-27 and compared for agreement. Results. Forty-four @entity1 were evaluated. @entity910 and PRACE-27 identified comorbidities in 79.5% and 88.6% (p = 0.12) of @entity1 , respectively. Among 27 comorbid ailments, the @entity910 identified 9.9% as being present, while the PRACE-27 identified 12.5%. When there were discordant observations, PRACE-27 was more likely than @entity910 to identify the comorbidity (OR = 5.4, 95% CI = 2.4-14.4, p < 0.001). Overall comorbidity scores were moderate or severe in 43.2% ( @entity910 ) versus 59.1% (PRACE-27) (p = 0.016). Limitations. Small sample size from a single institution. Conclusion. Comorbidities are common in @entity1489 @entity1 , and a standardized questionnaire may better identify and grade them. More accurate comorbidity assessments may help guide @entity1489 management.

title: Comorbidity Assessment in @entity1489 @entity1 : A Pilot Study Comparing Medical Interview with a XXXX -Reported Questionnaire.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: This study examines the accuracy of @entity14 radioimmunodetection. Twenty-seven @entity1 with a history of histologically-confirmed @entity694 received a high-titer, purified goat anti- @entity787 IgG labelled with 131-I at a total dose of at least 1.0 muCi. Various body views were scanned at 24 and 48 hours after administration of the radioantibody. Three additional cases were evaluated; one had a @entity5493 in the rectum and received the 131-I-labelled anti- @entity787 IgG, while two @entity694 @entity1 received normal goat IgG labelled with 131-I. All of the 7 cases with primary @entity14 showed true-positive @entity5 localization, while 20 of 25 sites of metastatic @entity14 detected by immune scintigraphy were corroborated by other detection measures. The sensitivity of the radioimmunodetection of @entity14 (primary and metastatic) was found to be 90% (true-positive rate), the putative specificity (true-negative rate) was 94%, and the appraent overall accuracy of the technique was 93%. Neither the case of a @entity5493 receiving the anti- @entity787 IgG nor the two cases of @entity694 receiving normal goat IgG showed @entity5 radiolocalization. Very high circulating @entity787 titers did not appear to hinder successful @entity5 radiolocalization. These findings suggest that in @entity14 the method of @entity787 radioimmunodetection may be of value in preoperatively determining the location and extent of disease, in assessing possible recurrence or spread postoperatively, and in localizing the source of @entity787 production in @entity1 with rising or elevated @entity787 titers. An ancilliary benefit could be a more @entity5 -specific detection test for confirming the findings of other, more conventional diagnostic measures.

title: Radioimmunodetection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5493 :: ('MESH:D018253', 'Disease') :: ['villous adenoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic or rectal carcinoma', 'colonic cancer', 'colonic carcinoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated the effect of PP-001, a new small molecule inhibitor of dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase in two experimental @entity35 experimental @entity792 (EAU) models: a spontaneously relapsing-remitting model and a monophasic/chronic disease model that results in late @entity6519 . Both of the diseases are induced by immunization with autoantigen peptides. METHODS: Prevention was tested using daily oral applications of PP-001 after immunization with the @entity18295 peptide PDSAg (for induction of monophasic @entity1596 ) or the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein peptide R14 (for induction of spontaneously relapsing-remitting EAU). Treatment to inhibit relapses and @entity2295 was tested using PP-001 daily after the first attack of R14-induced or after onset of PDSAg-induced EAU. @entity1596 was graded clinically and histologically. The effect of PP-001 on cytokine secretion and proliferation was evaluated using @entity35 T-cell lines. RESULTS: Preventive feeding of PP-001 abrogated both types of EAU. Starting treatment after the resolution of the first attack led to a significant reduction of the number and intensity of relapses in R14-induced EAU. PP-001-treatment initiated after onset or after peak of PDSAg-induced EAU significantly reduced @entity2295 (as determined by histology). Proliferation of antigen-specific T-cell lines and secretion of IFN-y, @entity7940 , @entity13358 , @entity16308 , and @entity6667 were efficiently suppressed by PP-001. CONCLUSIONS: We investigated a new dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor as treatment for primary and recurrent disease in relapsing-remitting and chronic @entity35 models of experimental @entity792 . The small molecule compound PP-001 suppressed proliferation and cytokine secretion of autoreactive T cells (i.e., @entity3692 , @entity7940 , and @entity6667 ) and @entity6519 in chronic EAU.

title: A New Small Molecule For Treating Inflammation and Chorioretinal Neovascularization in Relapsing-Remitting and Chronic Experimental Autoimmune XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity1596 :: ('MESH:D014605', 'Disease') :: ['uveitis and neovascularization', 'Uveitis']

entities_list: @entity6519 :: ('MESH:D002825', 'Disease') :: ['chorioretinal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune uveitis']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['Uveitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) show typical histomorphologic features, they sometimes remain difficult in distinction from benign adnexal @entity1489 of follicular origin like @entity17142 ( @entity17142 ) or trichoblastoma (TB). Consequently, an immunohistochemical marker panel separating described entities would be helpful in clinical routine. Thus, we stained 22 @entity272 ( @entity1491 , @entity17142 , and TB) against @entity3546 , @entity2225 , @entity5962 , @entity4206 , and @entity4206 . The staining pattern was described and quantified using an immunohistochemical score. Although @entity4206 and @entity4206 revealed a strong staining intensity of all @entity272 without distinction between @entity1491 and benign lesions (P=1.000), established Merkel cell marker @entity2225 illustrated a loss of staining in @entity1491 compared with @entity17142 and TB (P=0.007). In contrast, @entity1491 exhibited an increased expression of @entity5962 in relation to @entity17142 and TB (P=0.009). Single application of @entity2225 or @entity5962 could predict diagnosis of @entity1491 in 81.8% or 72.7%, respectively. Combining consecutive staining of @entity5962 and @entity2225 could even enhance specificity toward diagnosis of @entity17142 or TB. Hence, findings of our study imply that sequential staining of @entity2225 and @entity5962 prevents false-positive classification of @entity1491 . Furthermore, our study demonstrated that @entity4206 exhibits the same staining pattern in @entity1491 , @entity17142 , and TB. Therefore, @entity4206 might replace @entity4206 equivalently establishing diagnosis of primary @entity5 of the skin in the form of @entity1491 as well as benign @entity5 . As a result, the depicted immunohistochemical marker panel may be applied for @entity1489 as a diagnostic adjunct especially in surgically challenging body regions.

title: XXXX in Conjunction With @entity2225 and @entity5962 Distinguishes Primary @entity5 of the Skin.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adnexal tumors', 'adnexal neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin tumors', 'adnexal skin neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity17142 :: ('MESH:C536611', 'Disease') :: ['trichoepithelioma', 'TE']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinomas', 'BCC']

answer: @entity4206 :: (8626,Gene) :: ['p40']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) show typical histomorphologic features, they sometimes remain difficult in distinction from benign adnexal @entity1489 of follicular origin like @entity17142 ( @entity17142 ) or trichoblastoma (TB). Consequently, an immunohistochemical marker panel separating described entities would be helpful in clinical routine. Thus, we stained 22 @entity272 ( @entity1491 , @entity17142 , and TB) against @entity3546 , @entity2225 , @entity5962 , @entity4206 , and @entity4206 . The staining pattern was described and quantified using an immunohistochemical score. Although @entity4206 and @entity4206 revealed a strong staining intensity of all @entity272 without distinction between @entity1491 and benign lesions (P=1.000), established Merkel cell marker @entity2225 illustrated a loss of staining in @entity1491 compared with @entity17142 and TB (P=0.007). In contrast, @entity1491 exhibited an increased expression of @entity5962 in relation to @entity17142 and TB (P=0.009). Single application of @entity2225 or @entity5962 could predict diagnosis of @entity1491 in 81.8% or 72.7%, respectively. Combining consecutive staining of @entity5962 and @entity2225 could even enhance specificity toward diagnosis of @entity17142 or TB. Hence, findings of our study imply that sequential staining of @entity2225 and @entity5962 prevents false-positive classification of @entity1491 . Furthermore, our study demonstrated that @entity4206 exhibits the same staining pattern in @entity1491 , @entity17142 , and TB. Therefore, @entity4206 might replace @entity4206 equivalently establishing diagnosis of primary @entity5 of the skin in the form of @entity1491 as well as benign @entity5 . As a result, the depicted immunohistochemical marker panel may be applied for @entity1489 as a diagnostic adjunct especially in surgically challenging body regions.

title: @entity4206 in Conjunction With XXXX and @entity5962 Distinguishes Primary @entity5 of the Skin.

answer: @entity2225 :: (54474,Gene) :: ['CK20']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) show typical histomorphologic features, they sometimes remain difficult in distinction from benign adnexal @entity1489 of follicular origin like @entity17142 ( @entity17142 ) or trichoblastoma (TB). Consequently, an immunohistochemical marker panel separating described entities would be helpful in clinical routine. Thus, we stained 22 @entity272 ( @entity1491 , @entity17142 , and TB) against @entity3546 , @entity2225 , @entity5962 , @entity4206 , and @entity4206 . The staining pattern was described and quantified using an immunohistochemical score. Although @entity4206 and @entity4206 revealed a strong staining intensity of all @entity272 without distinction between @entity1491 and benign lesions (P=1.000), established Merkel cell marker @entity2225 illustrated a loss of staining in @entity1491 compared with @entity17142 and TB (P=0.007). In contrast, @entity1491 exhibited an increased expression of @entity5962 in relation to @entity17142 and TB (P=0.009). Single application of @entity2225 or @entity5962 could predict diagnosis of @entity1491 in 81.8% or 72.7%, respectively. Combining consecutive staining of @entity5962 and @entity2225 could even enhance specificity toward diagnosis of @entity17142 or TB. Hence, findings of our study imply that sequential staining of @entity2225 and @entity5962 prevents false-positive classification of @entity1491 . Furthermore, our study demonstrated that @entity4206 exhibits the same staining pattern in @entity1491 , @entity17142 , and TB. Therefore, @entity4206 might replace @entity4206 equivalently establishing diagnosis of primary @entity5 of the skin in the form of @entity1491 as well as benign @entity5 . As a result, the depicted immunohistochemical marker panel may be applied for @entity1489 as a diagnostic adjunct especially in surgically challenging body regions.

title: @entity4206 in Conjunction With @entity2225 and @entity5962 Distinguishes Primary XXXX of the Skin.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Adnexal Neoplasms']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) show typical histomorphologic features, they sometimes remain difficult in distinction from benign adnexal @entity1489 of follicular origin like @entity17142 ( @entity17142 ) or trichoblastoma (TB). Consequently, an immunohistochemical marker panel separating described entities would be helpful in clinical routine. Thus, we stained 22 @entity272 ( @entity1491 , @entity17142 , and TB) against @entity3546 , @entity2225 , @entity5962 , @entity4206 , and @entity4206 . The staining pattern was described and quantified using an immunohistochemical score. Although @entity4206 and @entity4206 revealed a strong staining intensity of all @entity272 without distinction between @entity1491 and benign lesions (P=1.000), established Merkel cell marker @entity2225 illustrated a loss of staining in @entity1491 compared with @entity17142 and TB (P=0.007). In contrast, @entity1491 exhibited an increased expression of @entity5962 in relation to @entity17142 and TB (P=0.009). Single application of @entity2225 or @entity5962 could predict diagnosis of @entity1491 in 81.8% or 72.7%, respectively. Combining consecutive staining of @entity5962 and @entity2225 could even enhance specificity toward diagnosis of @entity17142 or TB. Hence, findings of our study imply that sequential staining of @entity2225 and @entity5962 prevents false-positive classification of @entity1491 . Furthermore, our study demonstrated that @entity4206 exhibits the same staining pattern in @entity1491 , @entity17142 , and TB. Therefore, @entity4206 might replace @entity4206 equivalently establishing diagnosis of primary @entity5 of the skin in the form of @entity1491 as well as benign @entity5 . As a result, the depicted immunohistochemical marker panel may be applied for @entity1489 as a diagnostic adjunct especially in surgically challenging body regions.

title: @entity4206 in Conjunction With @entity2225 and XXXX Distinguishes Primary @entity5 of the Skin.

answer: @entity5962 :: (999,Gene) :: ['E-Cadherin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity731 is a continuous pathological process that starts early in life and progresses frequently to unstable plaques. @entity397 leads to deleterious consequences such as @entity1187 , @entity64 and atherothrombosis. The vulnerable lesion has several structural and functional hallmarks that distinguish it from the stable plaque. The unstable plaque has large @entity39 core (over 40% plaque volume) composed of @entity165 crystals, @entity8557 , oxidized lipids, fibrin, erythrocytes and their remnants (haeme, @entity68 , haemoglobin), and dying macrophages. The fibrous cap is thin, depleted of smooth muscle cells and collagen, and is infiltrated with proinflammatory cells. In unstable lesion, formation of neomicrovessels is increased. These neovessels have weak integrity and leak thereby leading to recurrent @entity548 . @entity548 deliver erythrocytes to the @entity39 core where they degrade promoting @entity32 and oxidative stress. Inflammatory cells mostly presented by monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils and mast cells extravagate from bleeding neovessels and infiltrate adventitia where they support chronic @entity32 . Plaque destabilization is an evolutionary process that could start at early @entity731 stages and whose progression is influenced by many factors including neovascularization, intraplaque @entity548 , formation of @entity165 crystals, @entity32 , oxidative stress and intraplaque protease activity.

title: Contribution of neovascularization and intraplaque XXXX to @entity731 plaque progression and instability.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Haemorrhages', 'haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['Plaque rupture']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity8557 :: ('MESH:D002788', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol esters']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['haemorrhage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity731 is a continuous pathological process that starts early in life and progresses frequently to unstable plaques. @entity397 leads to deleterious consequences such as @entity1187 , @entity64 and atherothrombosis. The vulnerable lesion has several structural and functional hallmarks that distinguish it from the stable plaque. The unstable plaque has large @entity39 core (over 40% plaque volume) composed of @entity165 crystals, @entity8557 , oxidized lipids, fibrin, erythrocytes and their remnants (haeme, @entity68 , haemoglobin), and dying macrophages. The fibrous cap is thin, depleted of smooth muscle cells and collagen, and is infiltrated with proinflammatory cells. In unstable lesion, formation of neomicrovessels is increased. These neovessels have weak integrity and leak thereby leading to recurrent @entity548 . @entity548 deliver erythrocytes to the @entity39 core where they degrade promoting @entity32 and oxidative stress. Inflammatory cells mostly presented by monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils and mast cells extravagate from bleeding neovessels and infiltrate adventitia where they support chronic @entity32 . Plaque destabilization is an evolutionary process that could start at early @entity731 stages and whose progression is influenced by many factors including neovascularization, intraplaque @entity548 , formation of @entity165 crystals, @entity32 , oxidative stress and intraplaque protease activity.

title: Contribution of neovascularization and intraplaque @entity548 to XXXX plaque progression and instability.

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Among non-ablative devices for @entity272 , @entity1162 ( @entity1162 ) has considerable effectiveness. It can penetrate to deep dermis due to its longer wavelength. This study assesses the efficacy and safety of @entity1162 applying new parameters for skin rejuvenation in Korean subjects. METHODS: A prospective randomized split-faced study was done (n = 20). Half of the face was treated with three passes of @entity1162 at a spot size of 12 mm, 20-24 J/cm(2) fluence, 12 ms width, and frequency of 2 Hz, for three sessions, every four weeks. Outcomes were measured by wrinkle evaluation of blinded investigators, subjects' self-assessment, objective measurements of elasticity, and skin biopsy. RESULTS: Four weeks after the final treatment sessions, the average wrinkle grades of the treated side were reduced by 45.1%. Skin elasticity was significantly increased. The increment of collagen and elastic fiber in papillary dermis was confirmed histologically. No adverse reaction was reported. @entity158 on the treated side was mild without needing anesthesia. DISCUSSION: The authors studied new parameters for @entity1162 for improvement of wrinkles and @entity272 with fewer treatment sessions without serious complications. Histologic findings corresponded to clinical improvement. CONCLUSION: New parameters of @entity1162 can achieve wrinkle improvement with few side effects.

title: Long pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser treatment for XXXX : evaluation of new parameters.

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['LPND', 'long pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin laxity', 'wrinkle reduction and skin laxity']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['wrinkle reduction and skin laxity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the rate at which @entity5 survivors successfully adopt a @entity1 or about their experiences negotiating a costly, and perhaps discriminatory, process regarding the prospective parent's health history. The current study describes the results of a learning activity in which nurses contacted an adoption agency to learn more about the process for survivors with the goal of helping nurses provide @entity1 with accurate information for making a well-informed decision regarding adoption. METHODS: Training program @entity1 identified an adoption agency (local, state, or international) and conducted an interview using a semistructured guide. After the interview, @entity1 created a summary of responses to the questions. The authors examined responses to each question using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: A total of 77 @entity1 (98% completion rate) across 15 states provided a summary. Responses were distributed across the following categories: adoption costs, steps required for survivors seeking adoption, challenges for survivors seeking adoption, birth parents' reservations, and planned institutional changes to increase adoption awareness. The majority of respondents reported improving their knowledge of adoption and @entity5 , increased challenges for survivors, and the need to educate @entity1 concerning the realities of adoption policies. The need for a letter stating the survivor was 5 years @entity5 free was identified as a significant obstacle for survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses are charged with following practice guidelines that include recommendations for appropriate reproductive health referrals. @entity5 survivors would benefit from a health care provider who can provide education and concrete information when @entity1 are making a decision about fertility and adoption. @entity5 2015;121:2993-3000.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

title: Adoption and XXXX survivors: Findings from a learning activity for oncology nurses.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'child']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: @entity944 ( @entity944 ) is increasingly recognized as a common and devastating problem. Because @entity73 breathing is thought to play a critical role in these deaths, we sought to identify forebrain sites underlying @entity410 -evoked @entity3316 in @entity1 . We took advantage of an extraordinary clinical opportunity to study a research @entity1 with medically intractable @entity302 who had extensive bilateral frontotemporal electrode coverage while breathing was monitored during @entity410 recorded by intracranial electrodes and mapped by high-resolution brain imaging. We found that central @entity386 and @entity3612 desaturation occurred when @entity410 spread to the amygdala. In the same @entity1 , localized electrical stimulation of the amygdala reproduced the @entity386 and O2 desaturation. Similar effects of amygdala stimulation were observed in two additional subjects, including one without a @entity302 . The @entity1 were completely unaware of the @entity386 evoked by stimulation and expressed no @entity1353 , despite being awake and vigilant. In contrast, @entity1353 holding of similar duration caused severe @entity1353 . These findings suggest a functional connection between the amygdala and medullary respiratory network in @entity1 . Moreover, they suggest that @entity410 spread to the amygdala may cause loss of spontaneous breathing of which @entity1 are unaware, and thus has potential to contribute to @entity944 . SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: @entity944 ( @entity944 ) is the most common cause of @entity204 in @entity1 with chronic @entity302 . Impaired breathing during and after @entity410 is common and suspected to play a role in @entity944 . Understanding the cause of this peri-ictal @entity3316 may lead to preventative strategies. In @entity302 @entity1 , we found that @entity410 invasion of the amygdala co-occurred with @entity386 and @entity26 desaturation, and electrical stimulation of the amygdala reproduced these respiratory findings. Strikingly, the subjects were unaware of the @entity386 . These findings indicate a functional connection between the amygdala and brainstem respiratory network in @entity1 and suggest that amygdala @entity410 may cause loss of spontaneous breathing of which @entity1 are unaware-a combination that could be deadly.

title: Breathing Inhibited When XXXX Spread to the Amygdala and upon Amygdala Stimulation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'humans', 'patients', 'participant', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['SUDEP', 'Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary breath', 'dyspnea']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['seizure disorder', 'refractory epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3316 :: ('MESH:D007040', 'Disease') :: ['hypoventilation']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['Seizures']


abstract: [Purpose] This study investigated the effects of a multifactorial fall prevention program on balance, gait, and fear of falling in @entity64 @entity1 . [Subjects] Twenty-five @entity64 @entity1 were divided randomly into multifactorial fall prevention program group (n=15) and control treadmill group (n=10). [Methods] All interventions were applied for 30   min, five times per week, for five weeks. The fall prevention program included interventions based on the "Step Up to Stop Falls" initiative and educational interventions based on the Department of Health guidelines. For those in the treadmill group, the speed was increased gradually. The Korean falls efficacy scale and Korean activities-specific balance confidence scale were used to assess fear of falling. To assess balance and walking ability, the Korean performance-oriented mobility assessment scale and the 10-m and 6-minute walk tests were used. [Results] The fall prevention program interventions were found to be very effective at improving gait, balance, and fear of falling compared with the treadmill intervention and therefore seem appropriate for @entity64 @entity1 . [Conclusion] A multifactorial fall prevention program is effective at improving balance, gait ability, and fear of falling. It is a more specific and broad intervention for reducing falls among inpatients in facilities and hospitals.

title: Effects of a multifactorial fall prevention program on balance, gait, and fear of falling in post- XXXX inpatients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. Polymicrogyric cortex demonstrates interindividual variation with regard to both extent of dyslamination and functional capacity. Given the relationship between laminar structure and white matter fibers, we sought to define the relationship between @entity8568 ( @entity8568 ), intrahemispheric association pathways, and network function. Methods. Each @entity1019 ( @entity1019 ) was categorized as present or absent. Language was characterized by a pediatric neurologist. The presence of @entity6349 cortex in the expected anatomic locations of Broca's (BA) and @entity244 ( @entity244 ) was evaluated by two pediatric neuroradiologists blinded to DTI and language data. Results. 16 @entity8568 @entity1 and 16 age/gender-matched controls were included. All normative controls had an identifiable left @entity1019 . 6/7 @entity8568 @entity1 with @entity6349 cortex within BA and/or @entity244 had no left @entity1019 ; @entity8568 @entity1 without involvement of these regions had a lower frequency of absence of the left @entity1019 (p < 0.006). All @entity1 without a left @entity1019 had some degree of @entity73 . @entity8568 @entity1 without a left @entity1019 had a significantly greater frequency of @entity73 compared to those @entity8568 @entity1 with a left @entity1019 (p < 0.003). Conclusion. In @entity1 with @entity8568 (1) the presence of @entity6349 cortex within @entity244 and/or BA is associated with absence of the left @entity1019 and (2) absence of the left @entity1019 is associated with @entity73 .

title: Failure to Identify the Left Arcuate Fasciculus at Diffusion Tractography Is a Specific Marker of Language Dysfunction in Pediatric @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['language impairment']

entities_list: @entity8568 :: ('MESH:D065706', 'Disease') :: ['PMG', 'polymicrogyria']

entities_list: @entity1019 :: ('MESH:D012607', 'Disease') :: ['AF', 'arcuate fasciculus']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ['WA', "Wernicke's areas"]

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

answer: @entity8568 :: (MESH:D065706,Disease) :: ['Polymicrogyria']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. Polymicrogyric cortex demonstrates interindividual variation with regard to both extent of dyslamination and functional capacity. Given the relationship between laminar structure and white matter fibers, we sought to define the relationship between @entity8568 ( @entity8568 ), intrahemispheric association pathways, and network function. Methods. Each @entity1019 ( @entity1019 ) was categorized as present or absent. Language was characterized by a pediatric neurologist. The presence of @entity6349 cortex in the expected anatomic locations of Broca's (BA) and @entity244 ( @entity244 ) was evaluated by two pediatric neuroradiologists blinded to DTI and language data. Results. 16 @entity8568 @entity1 and 16 age/gender-matched controls were included. All normative controls had an identifiable left @entity1019 . 6/7 @entity8568 @entity1 with @entity6349 cortex within BA and/or @entity244 had no left @entity1019 ; @entity8568 @entity1 without involvement of these regions had a lower frequency of absence of the left @entity1019 (p < 0.006). All @entity1 without a left @entity1019 had some degree of @entity73 . @entity8568 @entity1 without a left @entity1019 had a significantly greater frequency of @entity73 compared to those @entity8568 @entity1 with a left @entity1019 (p < 0.003). Conclusion. In @entity1 with @entity8568 (1) the presence of @entity6349 cortex within @entity244 and/or BA is associated with absence of the left @entity1019 and (2) absence of the left @entity1019 is associated with @entity73 .

title: Failure to Identify the Left Arcuate Fasciculus at Diffusion Tractography Is a Specific Marker of Language Dysfunction in Pediatric XXXX with @entity8568 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: GOAL: We aimed to summarize pooled rebleeding rates of angioectasia after therapeutic endoscopy, and compare these to historical control (no intervention) rates. BACKGROUND: Obscure @entity360 continues to be challenging to diagnose and treat; in America, @entity29 are the most common cause. Technology advances led to higher diagnostic yield for these lesions; however, therapeutic impact of endoscopy remains unclear. STUDY: A PubMed search (June 1, 2006 to September 19, 2013) with 2 independent reviews sought articles reporting rebleeding rates of symptomatic angioectasia without therapy (natural history) and after endoscopic treatment. This study list was added to studies in the 2007 American Gastroenterological Association systematic review. Data on number of @entity1 who underwent endoscopic therapy, type of therapy used, number of @entity1 who experienced rebleeding, and follow-up time were extracted. Rebleeding data were pooled and weighted averages were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Twenty-four articles (n=490 @entity1 ) with data on endoscopic therapy for angioectasia and 6 natural history cohorts (n=130) receiving no therapy for angioectasia were eligible. Of the endoscopic therapy @entity1 , 121 at push enteroscopy and 427 at balloon-assisted enteroscopy; 209/490 (42.7%; 95% CI, 38%-47%) rebled. Of the control (no therapy) @entity1 , 64/130 (49.2%; 95% CI, 40%-58%) rebled. Number needed to treat is estimated at 15 to 16. CONCLUSIONS: Rebleeding rate after endoscopic therapy for symptomatic @entity29 may be comparable to that expected without therapy. Endoscopic therapy may be ineffective; if effective, the needed to treat is estimated to be high. Controlled studies, with intervention-stratified and etiology-stratified outcomes are needed.

title: Is Endoscopic Therapy Effective for Angioectasia in Obscure XXXX ?: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel angioectasia', 'small bowel angioectasias']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['Gastrointestinal Bleeding']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Healing is an event that is fundamental to the success of total knee arthroplasty. The aims of the present study were to compare the rates of complications related to wound healing between two groups of volunteers submitted to total knee arthroplasty and to evaluate the effects of postoperative @entity26 supplementation by means of a nasal catheter. METHOD: A total of 109 @entity1 who underwent total knee arthroplasty were randomized into two groups, namely, groups that did and did not receive postoperative @entity26 supplementation via a nasal catheter. The surgical wound was monitored every day during the hospital stay and on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 30th and 42nd postoperative days. Characteristics related to healing were observed, including @entity450 , dehiscence, @entity39 , phlyctenules and deep and superficial infection. RESULTS: There were no cases of @entity281 . @entity450 was statistically correlated with the total number of complications in the groups, with @entity26 demonstrated to be a protective factor against @entity450 . Approximately 30% of the @entity1 who exhibited @entity450 had other complications, independent of @entity26 supplementation. CONCLUSION: @entity26 supplementation following total knee arthroplasty was shown to be effective in diminishing @entity450 around the operative wound. The development of @entity450 was a precursor to other complications, irrespective of whether @entity26 supplementation was used.

title: Effect of postoperative use of nasal XXXX catheter supplementation in wound healing following total knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia', 'Hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['deep infection']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background and aims As @entity33 is the goal of treatment in @entity29 , defining a faecal (f-) calprotectin cut-off level for @entity33 is crucial. Previous studies have presented different cut-off levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of two f-calprotectin assays to differentiate @entity33 from @entity32 in @entity31 . Methods Sixty-two @entity1 with @entity31 underwent colonoscopy for classification of @entity32 (Mayo endoscopic subscore). The @entity1 also submitted a faecal sample for f-calprotectin analysis using two different ELISA assays, Calpro ELISA and B  hlmann ELISA. Results The two assays correlated significantly, with a Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 0.86. Both assays showed significantly different f-calprotectin levels in @entity1 with a Mayo endoscopic subscore of 0 ( @entity33 ) and 1-3 (inflamed mucosa) (p < 0.001). Using ROC curve analyses we selected the best cut-off levels for both assays with responding sensitivity and specificity (presented with 95% confidence intervals); Calpro ELISA cut-off 61  g/g, sensitivity 84.1 % (75.0-93.2%), specificity 83.3 % (74.0-92.6%), and B  hlmann ELISA cut-off 96  g/g, sensitivity 90.9 % (83.7-98.1%), specificity 83.3 % (74.0-92.6%). Defining @entity33 as a Mayo endoscopic subscore  <= 1, cut-off levels increased; Calpro ELISA cut-off 110  g/g, sensitivity 80.0 % (70-90%), specificity 66.6 % (54.9-78.3%), and B  hlmann ELISA cut-off 259   g/g, sensitivity 83.3 % (74-92.6%), specificity 71.9 % (60.7-83.1%). Conclusions The study demonstrates the need for assay specific cut-off levels in clinical practice, as the f-calprotectin cut-off level for endoscopic disease activity differed in these two assays.

title: Prediction of endoscopic disease activity in XXXX by two different assays for faecal calprotectin.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'mucosal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal healing']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: The potencies of four @entity460 antagonists ( @entity594 , @entity4473 , @entity1855 and @entity3988 ) at inhibiting uterine contractions in vivo have been assessed in the conscious ovariectomized, post-partum @entity35 . Their selectivities for this action, relative to their effects on blood pressure and heart rate, have been compared with @entity3045 . All compounds produced a dose-dependent inhibition of intra-uterine pressure cycles. The rank order of potency was @entity3045 greater than @entity594 greater than @entity3988 = @entity4473 greater than @entity1855 . All compounds produced a dose-dependent fall of mean blood pressure. The rank order of potency was @entity3045 greater than @entity594 greater than @entity4473 greater than @entity1855 greater than @entity3988 . @entity3045 and @entity594 produced a @entity591 , which was very marked with @entity3045 . @entity4473 , @entity1855 and @entity3988 induced a moderate @entity591 at low doses but temporary cessation of heart beat occurred at high doses. @entity594 and @entity3988 , like @entity3045 , exhibited some selectivity for inhibition of uterine contractions relative to their cardiovascular actions. @entity4473 and @entity1855 showed no selectivity for the uterus.

title: The potencies and selectivities of four XXXX antagonists as inhibitors of uterine contractions in the @entity35 in vivo.

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity4473 :: ('MESH:D005711', 'Chemical') :: ['gallopamil', 'Gallopamil']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol', 'Salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine', 'Nifedipine']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: The potencies of four @entity460 antagonists ( @entity594 , @entity4473 , @entity1855 and @entity3988 ) at inhibiting uterine contractions in vivo have been assessed in the conscious ovariectomized, post-partum @entity35 . Their selectivities for this action, relative to their effects on blood pressure and heart rate, have been compared with @entity3045 . All compounds produced a dose-dependent inhibition of intra-uterine pressure cycles. The rank order of potency was @entity3045 greater than @entity594 greater than @entity3988 = @entity4473 greater than @entity1855 . All compounds produced a dose-dependent fall of mean blood pressure. The rank order of potency was @entity3045 greater than @entity594 greater than @entity4473 greater than @entity1855 greater than @entity3988 . @entity3045 and @entity594 produced a @entity591 , which was very marked with @entity3045 . @entity4473 , @entity1855 and @entity3988 induced a moderate @entity591 at low doses but temporary cessation of heart beat occurred at high doses. @entity594 and @entity3988 , like @entity3045 , exhibited some selectivity for inhibition of uterine contractions relative to their cardiovascular actions. @entity4473 and @entity1855 showed no selectivity for the uterus.

title: The potencies and selectivities of four @entity460 antagonists as inhibitors of uterine contractions in the XXXX in vivo.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The cardiovascular effects of @entity19642 and @entity935 were compared in the anaesthetized and conscious @entity235 by the use of intravenous infusions over the dose range 3 X 10(-9) - 10(-7)mol kg-1 min-1. In the anaesthetized @entity235 , @entity19642 produced a dose-related @entity551 due to @entity1897 and a small rise in heart rate and contractility. By contrast, @entity935 did not significantly reduce blood pressure but produced a larger dose-related increase in contractility. At the highest infusion rate (10(-7)mol kg-1 min-1) blood pressure and heart rate were increased by @entity935 . @entity19642 dilated the renal and mesenteric vascular beds with a potency similar to that of @entity935 . Femoral vascular responses produced by both agents were inconsistent but the highest infusion rate of @entity935 did produce vasoconstriction. With the aid of selective receptor antagonists ( @entity1767 , @entity1169 and @entity16917 ) the vasodepressor activity of @entity19642 was shown to be mediated by stimulation of DA2-, beta- and DA1-receptors. The cardiac stimulation and renal vasodilatation produced by both compounds were due to stimulation of beta-adrenoceptors and DA1-receptors respectively. In the conscious @entity235 , intravenous infusion of @entity19642 caused a dose-related @entity551 , renal vasodilatation and an increase in cardiac contractility and heart rate. @entity935 also increased cardiac contractility, and renal blood flow due to renal vasodilatation but without affecting heart rate. At the highest infusion rate, blood pressure was increased. @entity19642 and @entity935 produced a similar incidence of panting and repetitive licking at 3 X 10(-8)mol kg-1 min-1 and emesis at 10(-7)mol kg-1 min-1, due to stimulation of @entity935 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. @entity19642 produces a different cardiovascular profile from @entity935 in the anaesthetized and conscious @entity235 . Both compounds reduce renal vascular resistance, but in contrast to @entity935 , @entity19642 reduces afterload and produces only mild inotropic stimulation. These differences reflect contrasting activity at adrenoceptors.

title: The effects of XXXX on the cardiovascular system of the @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity19642 :: ('MESH:C046318', 'Chemical') :: ['dopexamine', 'Dopexamine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['Dopamine', 'dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vasodilatation']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity16917 :: ('MESH:C083807', 'Chemical') :: ['bulbocapnine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['fall in blood pressure']

answer: @entity19642 :: (MESH:C046318,Chemical) :: ['dopexamine']


abstract: The cardiovascular effects of @entity19642 and @entity935 were compared in the anaesthetized and conscious @entity235 by the use of intravenous infusions over the dose range 3 X 10(-9) - 10(-7)mol kg-1 min-1. In the anaesthetized @entity235 , @entity19642 produced a dose-related @entity551 due to @entity1897 and a small rise in heart rate and contractility. By contrast, @entity935 did not significantly reduce blood pressure but produced a larger dose-related increase in contractility. At the highest infusion rate (10(-7)mol kg-1 min-1) blood pressure and heart rate were increased by @entity935 . @entity19642 dilated the renal and mesenteric vascular beds with a potency similar to that of @entity935 . Femoral vascular responses produced by both agents were inconsistent but the highest infusion rate of @entity935 did produce vasoconstriction. With the aid of selective receptor antagonists ( @entity1767 , @entity1169 and @entity16917 ) the vasodepressor activity of @entity19642 was shown to be mediated by stimulation of DA2-, beta- and DA1-receptors. The cardiac stimulation and renal vasodilatation produced by both compounds were due to stimulation of beta-adrenoceptors and DA1-receptors respectively. In the conscious @entity235 , intravenous infusion of @entity19642 caused a dose-related @entity551 , renal vasodilatation and an increase in cardiac contractility and heart rate. @entity935 also increased cardiac contractility, and renal blood flow due to renal vasodilatation but without affecting heart rate. At the highest infusion rate, blood pressure was increased. @entity19642 and @entity935 produced a similar incidence of panting and repetitive licking at 3 X 10(-8)mol kg-1 min-1 and emesis at 10(-7)mol kg-1 min-1, due to stimulation of @entity935 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. @entity19642 produces a different cardiovascular profile from @entity935 in the anaesthetized and conscious @entity235 . Both compounds reduce renal vascular resistance, but in contrast to @entity935 , @entity19642 reduces afterload and produces only mild inotropic stimulation. These differences reflect contrasting activity at adrenoceptors.

title: The effects of @entity19642 on the cardiovascular system of the XXXX .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2967 ( @entity2967 ) is a benign intraventricular @entity5 , usually located near the foramen of Monro. It is almost always associated with @entity2916 ( @entity2916 ). SGCTs may obstruct cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways. Rarely, they may secrete a protein-rich exudate, causing communicating @entity1276 . Surgery is indicated for symptomatic lesions or growing asymptomatic lesions. The operative approach to @entity2967 has shifted from simple shunt placement to a more aggressive approach, leading to early attempts at gross total resection. Recently, the @entity3470 inhibitor @entity2239 has been approved for treating @entity2967 . In this article, we present two cases of recurrent shunt malfunctions in adult @entity2916 @entity1 with protein-secreting SGCTs. We describe the complexity of treating such @entity1 with an emphasis on the role @entity3470 inhibitors may have in their management. We also review the literature on surgical management of @entity2967 -related @entity1276 .

title: Persistent communicating @entity1276 in adult XXXX @entity1 : a possible therapeutic role for @entity2239 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['Subependymal giant cell tumor', 'SGCT']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis complex', 'TSC']

answer: @entity2916 :: (MESH:D014402,Disease) :: ['tuberous sclerosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2967 ( @entity2967 ) is a benign intraventricular @entity5 , usually located near the foramen of Monro. It is almost always associated with @entity2916 ( @entity2916 ). SGCTs may obstruct cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways. Rarely, they may secrete a protein-rich exudate, causing communicating @entity1276 . Surgery is indicated for symptomatic lesions or growing asymptomatic lesions. The operative approach to @entity2967 has shifted from simple shunt placement to a more aggressive approach, leading to early attempts at gross total resection. Recently, the @entity3470 inhibitor @entity2239 has been approved for treating @entity2967 . In this article, we present two cases of recurrent shunt malfunctions in adult @entity2916 @entity1 with protein-secreting SGCTs. We describe the complexity of treating such @entity1 with an emphasis on the role @entity3470 inhibitors may have in their management. We also review the literature on surgical management of @entity2967 -related @entity1276 .

title: Persistent communicating @entity1276 in adult @entity2916 @entity1 : a possible therapeutic role for XXXX .

answer: @entity2239 :: (MESH:C107135,Chemical) :: ['everolimus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2967 ( @entity2967 ) is a benign intraventricular @entity5 , usually located near the foramen of Monro. It is almost always associated with @entity2916 ( @entity2916 ). SGCTs may obstruct cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways. Rarely, they may secrete a protein-rich exudate, causing communicating @entity1276 . Surgery is indicated for symptomatic lesions or growing asymptomatic lesions. The operative approach to @entity2967 has shifted from simple shunt placement to a more aggressive approach, leading to early attempts at gross total resection. Recently, the @entity3470 inhibitor @entity2239 has been approved for treating @entity2967 . In this article, we present two cases of recurrent shunt malfunctions in adult @entity2916 @entity1 with protein-secreting SGCTs. We describe the complexity of treating such @entity1 with an emphasis on the role @entity3470 inhibitors may have in their management. We also review the literature on surgical management of @entity2967 -related @entity1276 .

title: Persistent communicating XXXX in adult @entity2916 @entity1 : a possible therapeutic role for @entity2239 .

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['hydrocephalus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2967 ( @entity2967 ) is a benign intraventricular @entity5 , usually located near the foramen of Monro. It is almost always associated with @entity2916 ( @entity2916 ). SGCTs may obstruct cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways. Rarely, they may secrete a protein-rich exudate, causing communicating @entity1276 . Surgery is indicated for symptomatic lesions or growing asymptomatic lesions. The operative approach to @entity2967 has shifted from simple shunt placement to a more aggressive approach, leading to early attempts at gross total resection. Recently, the @entity3470 inhibitor @entity2239 has been approved for treating @entity2967 . In this article, we present two cases of recurrent shunt malfunctions in adult @entity2916 @entity1 with protein-secreting SGCTs. We describe the complexity of treating such @entity1 with an emphasis on the role @entity3470 inhibitors may have in their management. We also review the literature on surgical management of @entity2967 -related @entity1276 .

title: Persistent communicating @entity1276 in adult @entity2916 XXXX : a possible therapeutic role for @entity2239 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The use of saline water in urban areas for non-potable purposes to cope with fresh water scarcity, intrusion of saline water, and disposal of industrial saline wastewater into the sewerage lead to elevated salinity levels in wastewaters. Consequently, saline wastewater is generated, which needs to be treated before its discharge into surface water bodies. The objective of this research was to study the effects of salinity on the aerobic metabolism of @entity1391 -accumulating organisms (PAO), which belong to the microbial populations responsible for enhanced biological @entity3151 removal (EBPR) in activated sludge systems. In this study, the short-term impact (hours) of salinity (as @entity1219 ) was assessed on the aerobic metabolism of a PAO culture, enriched in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). All aerobic PAO metabolic processes were drastically affected by elevated salinity concentrations. The aerobic maintenance energy requirement increased, when the salinity concentration rose up to a threshold concentration of 2  % salinity (on a W/V basis as @entity1219 ), while above this concentration, the maintenance energy requirements seemed to decrease. All initial rates were affected by salinity, with the @entity17114 - and PO4-uptake rates being the most sensitive. A salinity increase from 0 to 0.18  % caused a 25, 46, and 63  % inhibition of the O2, PO4, and @entity17114 -uptake rates. The stoichiometric ratios of the aerobic conversions confirmed that growth was the process with the highest inhibition, followed by poly-P and glycogen formation. The study indicates that shock loads of 0.18  % salt, which corresponds to the use or intrusion of about 5  % seawater may severely affect the EBPR process already in wastewater treatment plants not exposed regularly to high salinity concentrations.

title: Impact of salinity on the aerobic metabolism of XXXX -accumulating organisms.

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

answer: @entity1391 :: (CHEBI:26020,Chemical) :: ['phosphate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To facilitate assimilation of glutamine, different Na-dependent glutamine absorptive pathways are present in the @entity95 small intestine, specifically B0AT1 in villus and @entity71792 in crypt cell brush border membrane. Further, both are uniquely regulated in the chronically inflamed intestine. B0AT1 is inhibited secondary to reduced number of brush border membrane (BBM) co-transporters while @entity71792 is stimulated secondary to an increased affinity for glutamine. These unique changes are reversible by treatment with a broad spectrum immune modulator such as glucocorticoids. However, whether inducible nitric oxide (iNO), known to be elevated in the mucosa of the chronically inflamed intestine, may be responsible for these co-transporter alterations is not known. In the present study, treatment of chronically inflamed @entity95 with L-NIL, a selective inhibitor of iNO synthase, reversed the inhibition of B0AT1 in villus and the stimulation of @entity71792 in crypt cells. At the level of the co-transporter in the brush border membrane, inhibition of iNO production reversed the inhibition of villus B0AT1 by restoring the co-transporter numbers while the stimulation of crypt @entity71792 was reversed back to normal by restoring its affinity for glutamine. Western blot analyses of BBM proteins also confirmed the kinetic studies. Thus, L-NIL treatment restores the uniquely altered Na-glutamine co-transporters in the enterocytes of chronically inflamed intestine. All these data indicate that iNO functions as an upstream immune modulator directly regulating glutamine assimilation during chronic @entity32 .

title: Inducible nitric oxide regulates intestinal glutamine assimilation during chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal inflammation']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbit', 'rabbits']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['intestinal inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes the presentation of first @entity5816 and compares outcomes of first @entity2419 with other @entity5816 with attention to otologic findings. STUDY DESIGN: Case series with chart review. SETTING: Pediatric tertiary care facility. METHODS: Surgical databases were queried to identify @entity1 with @entity5816 . Descriptive analysis defined sample characteristics. Risk estimates were calculated using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Queries identified 126 subjects: 27 (21.4%) had first @entity5816 , 80 (63.4%) had second, and 19 (15.1%) had third or fourth. @entity1 with first anomalies often presented with otologic complications, including @entity2972 (22.2%), @entity2346 media (25.9%), and @entity3540 (14.8%). Of 80 @entity1 with second @entity5816 , only 3 (3.8%) had @entity2346 . Compared with @entity1 with second anomalies, @entity1 with first anomalies had a greater risk of requiring primary incision and drainage: 16 (59.3%) vs 2 (2.5%) (relative risk [RR], 3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4-5; P < .0001). They were more likely to have persistent disease after primary excision: 7 (25.9%) vs 2 (2.5%) (RR, 3; 95% CI, 1.9-5; P = .0025). They were more likely to undergo additional surgery: 8 (29.6%) vs 3 (11.1%) (RR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.8-4.7; P = .0025). Of 7 persistent first anomalies, 6 (85.7%) were medial to the facial nerve, and 4 (57.1%) required ear-specific surgery for management. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with first @entity5816 often present with otologic complaints. They are at increased risk of persistent disease, @entity154 lie medial to the facial nerve. They may require ear-specific surgery such as tympanoplasty.

title: First XXXX : Otologic Manifestations and Treatment Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['particularly if anomalies']

entities_list: @entity3540 :: ('MESH:D002781', 'Disease') :: ['cholesteatoma']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['branchial cleft']

entities_list: @entity5816 :: ('MESH:C562384', 'Disease') :: ['branchial cleft anomalies']

answer: @entity5816 :: (MESH:C562384,Disease) :: ['Branchial Cleft Anomalies']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to relieve @entity158 and decrease @entity32 . Several clinical studies have reported that NSAIDs inhibit @entity6900 ( @entity6900 ) enzymes. Therefore, we evaluated the inhibitory potential of 15 NSAIDs on the activities of six @entity6900 isoforms (i.e., @entity6912 , 1A3, 1A4, 1A6, 1A9, and 2B7) in @entity1 liver microsomes (HLMs). Among the 15 NSAIDs tested here, @entity7154 and @entity3522 inhibited all UGTs tested in this study. @entity5230 and @entity7987 inhibited @entity52084 activity (IC50    =   73.8    M and 0.38    M, respectively) and @entity1623 selectively inhibited @entity22642 activity (IC50    =   53.1    M), whereas it did not inhibit the other UGTs tested (IC50    >   200    M). Diflunisal inhibited the @entity6912 (IC50    =   33.0    M) and @entity52084 (IC50    =   19.4    M). @entity1443 , @entity43923 , @entity5018 , @entity7988 , @entity9213 , @entity11464 , @entity3785 , and sulindac showed negligible inhibitory effects on the six UGTs (IC50    >   100    M). These results suggest that some NSAIDs have the potential to inhibit UGTs in vitro. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Screening of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for inhibitory effects on the activities of six UDP-glucuronosyltransferases ( XXXX , 1A3, 1A4, 1A6, 1A9, and 2B7) using LC-MS/MS.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5230 :: ('MESH:D010894', 'Chemical') :: ['Piroxicam']

entities_list: @entity43923 :: ('MESH:D005279', 'Chemical') :: ['fenoprofen']

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetaminophen']

entities_list: @entity7987 :: ('MESH:D009544', 'Chemical') :: ['niflumic acid']

entities_list: @entity1623 :: ('MESH:D009288', 'Chemical') :: ['naproxen']

entities_list: @entity7154 :: ('MESH:D008528', 'Chemical') :: ['mefenamic acid']

entities_list: @entity6900 :: ('7361', 'Gene') :: ['UGT', "uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase"]

entities_list: @entity11464 :: ('MESH:D010653', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylbutazone']

entities_list: @entity9213 :: ('MESH:C065757', 'Chemical') :: ['meloxicam']

answer: @entity6912 :: (54658,Gene) :: ['UGT1A1']


abstract: From a study of 69 @entity1 with @entity1165 using digitised vectorcardiograms, it is suggested that the following features are evidence of a ventricular origin. 1. Anterior QRS predominantly in the left anterior quadrant. 2. Slow initial tangential QRS velocity greater than or equal to 20 ms in the presence of an anterior QRS monophasic loop. 3. QRS totally in the right posterior quadrant. 4. In the presence of a QRS in the left posterior quadrant slow anterior QRS initial forces lasting greater than or equal 20 ms in the horizontal plane. The following features are suggestive of a ventricular origin. 1. Slow initial tangential QRS velocity greater than or equal to 20 ms in the presence of an anterior QRS loop resembling @entity714 ( @entity714 ). 2. Anterior monophasic QRS loop with counterclockwise rotation. 3. Slow initial QRS forces posteriorly (TV of first 40 ms less than 10 mV . s-1) in the presence of a QRS loop in the left posterior quadrant. 4. A vertical right QRS @entity2270 greater than or equal to +60 degrees in the presence of a @entity714 ( @entity714 ) loop in the horizontal plane and any @entity2270 greater than or equal to +90 degrees less than or equal to -160 degrees. The importance of three simultaneous perpendicular leads for recording or @entity943 is stressed. In addition vectorcardiograms have clearly separated multifocal @entity1165 from multiformity, fusion beats with and without aberration, and bundle branch @entity1165 . It is suggested that further study of the QRS waveform at the initiation and termination of @entity1165 will elucidate the mechanisms and types of @entity591 .

title: Vectorcardiographic analysis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['RBBB', 'right bundle branch block', 'left bundle branch block', 'LBBB']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: @entity4774 -induced @entity3731 ( @entity3731 ) was evaluated at 20 min and 1, 3, 4.5, 5.5, 7, and 9 h postexposure (acute dose, @entity4774 , 3.3 mmol/kg) in concanavalin A (Con A)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated @entity19 peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). In both Con A- and LPS-stimulated PBL, @entity3731 responses peaked between 4.5 and 5.5 h postinjection, a time which corresponds to complete biotransformation of @entity4774 . Peak induced SCEs for Con A- and LPS-stimulated PBL were 6.43 and 7.44, respectively. @entity3731 responses were also evaluated in Con A- and LPS-stimulated PBL at 3 and 24 h following the last of a series of two, four, or six i.p. injections of @entity4774 (3.3 mmol/kg) given every other day. Dose-related increases (presumably reflecting the accumulation of unrepaired @entity3731 -inducing damage) in SCEs were observed at both times following two and four injections of @entity4774 . However, following six injections a decrease in @entity3731 response and increased @entity137 were observed. Persistence of @entity3731 -inducing DNA lesions was observed in blood, spleen, and parathymic node lymphocytes following the last of a series of 12 i.p. injections (three times weekly) of @entity4774 (2.2 mmol/kg). With the exception of LPS-stimulated blood lymphocytes, exposed blood and spleen Con A- and LPS-stimulated lymphocyte populations contained a significantly higher number of high-frequency cells than did their respective controls at 16 weeks postexposure. The gradual return of @entity3731 levels to base-line values appears to be primarily a consequence of slow population turnover. Parathymic node lymphocytes exhibited elevated @entity3731 responses (2 times base-line levels) for up to 4 weeks postexposure.

title: Long-term persistence of XXXX -induced sister chromatid exchanges in @entity19 lymphocytes.

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethyl carbamate', 'ethyl carbamate']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity3731 :: ('MESH:D058288', 'Disease') :: ['SCE', 'sister chromatid exchange']

answer: @entity4774 :: (MESH:D014520,Chemical) :: ['ethyl carbamate']


abstract: @entity4774 -induced @entity3731 ( @entity3731 ) was evaluated at 20 min and 1, 3, 4.5, 5.5, 7, and 9 h postexposure (acute dose, @entity4774 , 3.3 mmol/kg) in concanavalin A (Con A)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated @entity19 peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). In both Con A- and LPS-stimulated PBL, @entity3731 responses peaked between 4.5 and 5.5 h postinjection, a time which corresponds to complete biotransformation of @entity4774 . Peak induced SCEs for Con A- and LPS-stimulated PBL were 6.43 and 7.44, respectively. @entity3731 responses were also evaluated in Con A- and LPS-stimulated PBL at 3 and 24 h following the last of a series of two, four, or six i.p. injections of @entity4774 (3.3 mmol/kg) given every other day. Dose-related increases (presumably reflecting the accumulation of unrepaired @entity3731 -inducing damage) in SCEs were observed at both times following two and four injections of @entity4774 . However, following six injections a decrease in @entity3731 response and increased @entity137 were observed. Persistence of @entity3731 -inducing DNA lesions was observed in blood, spleen, and parathymic node lymphocytes following the last of a series of 12 i.p. injections (three times weekly) of @entity4774 (2.2 mmol/kg). With the exception of LPS-stimulated blood lymphocytes, exposed blood and spleen Con A- and LPS-stimulated lymphocyte populations contained a significantly higher number of high-frequency cells than did their respective controls at 16 weeks postexposure. The gradual return of @entity3731 levels to base-line values appears to be primarily a consequence of slow population turnover. Parathymic node lymphocytes exhibited elevated @entity3731 responses (2 times base-line levels) for up to 4 weeks postexposure.

title: Long-term persistence of @entity4774 -induced sister chromatid exchanges in XXXX lymphocytes.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: The @entity3978 composition and antioxidant properties of three Lysimachia species (L. nummularia L., L. vulgaris L. and @entity71793 L.) and their column chromatographic fractions were investigated. The antioxidant activity of herb extracts and 54 different column chromatographic fractions was evaluated using in vitro DPPH and @entity16376 decolorization tests. The total @entity3978 content was determined by spectrophotometric methods. The phenolic compounds of extracts of different Lysimachia species and their bioactive fractions were characterized by online chromatographic methods. For identification of the compounds, UV spectral data, accurate molecular mass and formula, as well as @entity15 and fragmentation patterns given by LC-DAD-ESI/ @entity15 / @entity15 and LC-ESI- TOF analyses were used. Quantification of the compounds was performed by LC-DAD using an external standard method. In the extracts, @entity14627 derivatives, @entity13259 , free flavonoid aglycones, and 11 various flavonoid glycosides were identified. @entity3096 composition of Lysimachia extracts showed significant differences. @entity71793 extracts had the strongest DPPH and @entity16376 + radical scavenger activity (IC50=43.3  g/mL and 21.3  g/mL), due to their high @entity41461 and @entity3092 - @entity71794 content. Correlation between @entity3978 content and radical scavenging activity of each column chromatographic fractions is also included.

title: XXXX composition and antioxidant capacity of three Lysimachia species.

entities_list: @entity3978 :: ('CHEBI:26195', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenol']

entities_list: @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['Flavonoid']

entities_list: @entity14627 :: ('MESH:C040048', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeic acid']

entities_list: @entity71794 :: ('CHEBI:35313', 'Chemical') :: ['hexoside']

entities_list: @entity41461 :: ('MESH:C008577', 'Chemical') :: ['myricitrin']

entities_list: @entity3092 :: ('MESH:D011794', 'Chemical') :: ['quercetin']

entities_list: @entity13259 :: ('MESH:D002726', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorogenic acid']

answer: @entity3978 :: (CHEBI:26195,Chemical) :: ['Polyphenol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical relationship between @entity2023 and @entity56 with chronic rhinosinusitis with or without @entity480 . METHOD: Two hundred @entity1 were divided into A and B two groups. Group A of 110 @entity1 was diagnosed @entity2023 . Group B of 90 @entity1 was diagnosed @entity102 with or without @entity480 . Serums sIgE was detected with EUROIMMUN, and observe the recurrence rate of @entity102 with or without @entity480 @entity1 who accept operation treatment and observe the incidence of @entity2023 superinduced @entity102 with or without @entity480 . RESULT: The total positive rate of group A sIgE was 89.09%. The total positive rate of group B sIgE was 74.44%. The postoperative recurrence rate of sIgE positive group was 58.21% and the postoperative recurrence rate of sIgE negative group was 8.70% in the group B. In the group A, the positive rate of serums sIgE in @entity2023 with @entity102 with or without @entity480 (37.27%) was 97.56%, while the positive rate of serums sIgE in @entity2023 without @entity102 (62.73%) was 79.71%, there is a significant difference in @entity2023 with or without @entity102 (  2 = 6.96, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: There is a certain correlation between @entity2023 and @entity56 with @entity102 with or without @entity480 . Therefore, through avoiding allergen exposure, the treatment of @entity2023 can effectively control recurrence rate of @entity102 and @entity480 .

title: [The clinical relationship between @entity56 with or without XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic factors']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyp', 'nasal polyps']

answer: @entity480 :: (MESH:D009298,Disease) :: ['nasal polyps']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical relationship between @entity2023 and @entity56 with chronic rhinosinusitis with or without @entity480 . METHOD: Two hundred @entity1 were divided into A and B two groups. Group A of 110 @entity1 was diagnosed @entity2023 . Group B of 90 @entity1 was diagnosed @entity102 with or without @entity480 . Serums sIgE was detected with EUROIMMUN, and observe the recurrence rate of @entity102 with or without @entity480 @entity1 who accept operation treatment and observe the incidence of @entity2023 superinduced @entity102 with or without @entity480 . RESULT: The total positive rate of group A sIgE was 89.09%. The total positive rate of group B sIgE was 74.44%. The postoperative recurrence rate of sIgE positive group was 58.21% and the postoperative recurrence rate of sIgE negative group was 8.70% in the group B. In the group A, the positive rate of serums sIgE in @entity2023 with @entity102 with or without @entity480 (37.27%) was 97.56%, while the positive rate of serums sIgE in @entity2023 without @entity102 (62.73%) was 79.71%, there is a significant difference in @entity2023 with or without @entity102 (  2 = 6.96, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: There is a certain correlation between @entity2023 and @entity56 with @entity102 with or without @entity480 . Therefore, through avoiding allergen exposure, the treatment of @entity2023 can effectively control recurrence rate of @entity102 and @entity480 .

title: [The clinical relationship between XXXX with or without @entity480 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic rhinitis and allergic factors and chronic rhinosinusitis']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of muscle afferents and central command in regulating sympathetic nerve activity during static exercise in @entity1 . In 20 healthy subjects, we recorded heart rate, arterial pressure, and efferent sympathetic nerve activity in the leg during arm exercise. Microelectrodes were inserted percutaneously into a fascicle of the peroneal nerve to measure sympathetic discharge to muscle. Measurements were obtained in nine subjects during sustained handgrip (30% maximal @entity2472 ) followed by relaxation or by arrested circulation of the forearm. Heart rate and arterial pressure increased during the first and second minutes of handgrip. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity increased from 261 +/- 46 to 504 +/- 97 units (mean +/- SE; units = burst frequency X amplitude; P less than 0.05) during the second minute of handgrip. During @entity63 following handgrip, heart rate returned promptly to control, whereas arterial pressure and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (631 +/- 115 units) remained elevated. In contrast, muscle sympathetic nerve activity returned toward control during relaxation without arrested circulation. These data indicate that muscle sympathetic nerve activity is increased by stimulation of chemically sensitive muscle afferents. To determine the influence of central command on muscle sympathetic nerve activity, we compared responses during an involuntary and a @entity2472 , each at 20% maximal @entity2472 . Both maneuvers raised arterial pressure, but heart rate increased only during @entity2472 . More importantly, muscle sympathetic nerve activity rose during involuntary contraction, but fell during voluntary effort.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Microneurographic studies of the mechanisms of sympathetic nerve responses to static exercise in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['forearm ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary contraction', 'voluntary biceps contraction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: Thirty consecutive @entity1 with far-advanced @entity5 affecting the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction underwent palliative endoscopic neodymium-YAG laser therapy. No @entity1 were excluded from treatment, regardless of age, extent of disease, or performance status. Sessions were performed every other day and concluded when an endoscope could be easily passed beyond the previously obstructed area. Treatment was completed in 3.3 sessions (seven days). Luminal patency was achieved in 97%, but did not always equate with functional success. Seventy percent (21 @entity1 ) were able to ingest all necessary calories and leave hospital for home (functional success). Reasons for discrepancy between technical success and functional success included radiation-induced @entity1282 , @entity448 , @entity158 load and debility, and treatment complications. Endoscopic laser therapy of far-advanced esophageal or gastroesophageal junction @entity189 was almost always technically feasible, with relatively low morbidity. While technical success could not always be equated with functional success, therapy was "completely" functionally successful in 70% of @entity1 with @entity1442 . Poor performance status at accession correlated best with poor functional outcome.

title: Endoscopic laser therapy for XXXX affecting the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Analysis of technical and functional efficacy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['far-advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful tumor']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['pharyngeal dysphagia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: AIM: @entity67 ( @entity67 ) are used to manage acute @entity1276 and facilitate brain relaxation after @entity510 ( @entity510 ). We conducted a retrospective study on the relationship between @entity2841 drainage volume and requirement and timing (early vs. late) for ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement after EVD removal. We also sought to examine what factors were associated with volume of @entity2841 drainage. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of @entity510 @entity1 who had an EVD placed between January 2008 and June 2012 at Massachusetts General Hospital. Clinical and laboratory variables were abstracted from the medical record. RESULTS: Of 97 @entity1 , 19 failed an EVD clamp trial and had an early VPS placed and 10 had their EVD removed but subsequently required late VPS placement. Average @entity2841 drainage volume per day was highest in @entity1 who required early VPS (median of 201cc, interquartile range (IQR) 186---236) compared to those who did not require a VPS (median of 162cc, IQR 131---202) and those who required late VPS (median of 151cc, IQR 121---171) (p=0.002). There was a significant relationship between average @entity2841 drainage volume per day and age (p=0.005) and sonographic @entity2553 (p=0.006). After multivariate analysis, there was a significant relationship between VPS placement/timing and age (p=0.03) and average @entity2841 output/day (p=<0.0001), and a trend towards significance with sonographic @entity2553 (p=0.06). CONCLUSION: High @entity2841 output is associated with early VPS placement. Prospective research on targeted @entity2841 drainage volume is warranted.

title: A retrospective analysis of cerebrospinal fluid drainage volume in XXXX and the need for early or late ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement.

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['EVDs', 'External ventricular drains']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was the evaluation of @entity2689 inside the Albanian population, its clinical, cytological and genetic characteristics, the accompanying pathologies, and the efficacy of the treatment with the @entity2124 . We performed a retrospective analysis of 59 @entity1 suffering from this syndrome (aging from 5 to 23 years old). The diagnosis of female @entity1 suffering from @entity2689 is delayed, with a mean age at the moment of diagnosis of 13.74 years (5-23 years). The main reason for seeking medical advice was the @entity851 or a delayed puberty. Available data for 52 @entity1 showed that the most frequent accompanying pathologies were the following: @entity1669 (59%), @entity854 (43%), renal pathologies (41%), @entity393 (4.3%) and @entity101 (3.3%). Follow-up for the growth rate was possible for 52 @entity1 out of the total of 59 @entity1 . Twenty-five of the female @entity1 suffering @entity2689 and forming part of our study sample were treated with @entity2124 for a period averaging 3 years and 4 months. A variety of reasons was identified as responsible for the missed treatment in 27 @entity1 . We saw an enhanced growth (in terms of body height) within the treated subgroup, when compared with the untreated subgroup (27 @entity1 ), especially during the first 3 years of the follow-up. No side effects of this treatment were reported. Both groups of @entity1 initiated as well a sexual hormone therapy ( @entity172 and @entity1420 ) for inducing puberty at the age of 12 years. Further work is needed for an early diagnosis of this syndrome, the prompt treatment with @entity2124 and the monitoring of accompanying disorders. This will ensure a better quality of life and an improvement of the longevity of @entity1 suffering from the @entity2689 .

title: XXXX in Albania and the efficacy of its treatment with @entity2124 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogens']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid autoimmune disorders']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2689 :: ('MESH:D014424', 'Disease') :: ['Turner syndrome']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing impairment']

answer: @entity2689 :: (MESH:D014424,Disease) :: ['Turner syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was the evaluation of @entity2689 inside the Albanian population, its clinical, cytological and genetic characteristics, the accompanying pathologies, and the efficacy of the treatment with the @entity2124 . We performed a retrospective analysis of 59 @entity1 suffering from this syndrome (aging from 5 to 23 years old). The diagnosis of female @entity1 suffering from @entity2689 is delayed, with a mean age at the moment of diagnosis of 13.74 years (5-23 years). The main reason for seeking medical advice was the @entity851 or a delayed puberty. Available data for 52 @entity1 showed that the most frequent accompanying pathologies were the following: @entity1669 (59%), @entity854 (43%), renal pathologies (41%), @entity393 (4.3%) and @entity101 (3.3%). Follow-up for the growth rate was possible for 52 @entity1 out of the total of 59 @entity1 . Twenty-five of the female @entity1 suffering @entity2689 and forming part of our study sample were treated with @entity2124 for a period averaging 3 years and 4 months. A variety of reasons was identified as responsible for the missed treatment in 27 @entity1 . We saw an enhanced growth (in terms of body height) within the treated subgroup, when compared with the untreated subgroup (27 @entity1 ), especially during the first 3 years of the follow-up. No side effects of this treatment were reported. Both groups of @entity1 initiated as well a sexual hormone therapy ( @entity172 and @entity1420 ) for inducing puberty at the age of 12 years. Further work is needed for an early diagnosis of this syndrome, the prompt treatment with @entity2124 and the monitoring of accompanying disorders. This will ensure a better quality of life and an improvement of the longevity of @entity1 suffering from the @entity2689 .

title: @entity2689 in Albania and the efficacy of its treatment with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity2124 :: (2688,Gene) :: ['growth hormone']