abstract: KEY MESSAGE: Promising genome regions for improving cold tolerance of @entity1101 were identified on chromosomes SBI-01, SBI-03, SBI-07, and SBI-10. @entity38 fluorescence had no major effect on growth rates at low temperatures. Developing fast growing @entity1101 seedlings is an important breeding goal for temperate climates since low springtime temperatures are resulting in a prolonged juvenile development. The adaptation of @entity1101 to tropical and subtropical highlands gives hint for certain genetic variation. The goals of the present study were to detect marker-trait associations for leaf and dry matter growth rate and for @entity38 fluorescence and content (SPAD) in relation to temperature. A diversity set comprising 194 genotypes was tested in eight controlled environments with temperatures ranging from 9.4 to 20.8   C. Significant marker-trait associations (p < 0.05) were identified for each individual temperature regime and on the parameters of regression analyses describing the responses of growth or @entity38 related traits to temperatures. The diversity set was fingerprinted with 171 diversity array technology (DArT) and 31 simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers. SSRs were used to analyze the population structure while association studies were performed on DArT markers. Promising marker-trait associations for growth rates in relation to temperature were detected on chromosomes SBI-01, SBI-03, SBI-07, and SBI-10. Many promising loci were also significantly associated to the results obtained in individual low-temperature environments. Marker-trait associations for @entity38 content and fluorescence did occasionally co-locate to those for growth during juvenile development but there was no evidence supporting our hypothesis that seedling growth at low temperatures is largely influenced by SPAD or fluorescence.

title: Genetic dissection of temperature-dependent XXXX growth during juvenile development.

entities_list: @entity38 :: ('MESH:D002734', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorophyll', 'Chlorophyll']

answer: @entity1101 :: (4558,Species) :: ['sorghum']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the baseline nutritional characteristics of a cohort of @entity454 ( @entity454 ) @entity1 attending a pre-dialysis clinic. SETTING: Outpatient clinic of a metropolitan tertiary teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia. SUBJECTS: All @entity454 @entity1 attending the multidisciplinary pre-dialysis assessment clinic between April 2002 and March  2008. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of data extracted from the routine initial nutrition assessment records. These included anthropometric and biochemical measures, Subjective Global Assessment, appetite score, presence of symptoms, dietary energy, protein, and other macro- and micronutrient intakes. RESULTS: Of the 210 @entity1 assessed, 60.5% were male; mean age was 65.7      13.6  years with a mean glomerular filtration rate of 17.3      6.5  mL/ @entity1009 .73  m(2); 17.1% and 62.4% were underweight (body mass index <23  kg/m(2)) and overweight or @entity28 (BMI >= 26  kg/m(2)), respectively; 40.5% were rated as malnourished (Subjective Global Assessment scores B and C) with 19.0% overweight/ @entity28 and malnourished. Energy and protein intakes correlated positively with glomerular filtration rate, with r  =  0.17, P = .01, and r  =  0.29, P  <  .0001 respectively. Mean energy and protein intakes were 23.7      6.7  kcal/kg IBW/day and 1.18      0.42  g/kg IBW/day, with 62.6% and 13.1% not meeting the recommended intake, respectively. The positive predictive values (95%CI) of self-rated appetite score for energy and protein were 0.41 (0.36-0.45) and 0.92 (0.88-0.95), respectively, indicating subjective rating of a good appetite was associated with adequate protein but not energy intake. Fifty-one percent of the @entity1 experienced the symptoms, whereas 17.5% of the @entity1 self-imposed a dietary regimen inappropriately due to beliefs on dietary needs in @entity454 . Suboptimal nutrient intakes were observed, including @entity8728 (41.2%), @entity270 (61.8%), @entity1501 (67.6.2%), @entity560 (100.0%), and @entity219 (64.2%). CONCLUSION: @entity1 presented to the pre-dialysis assessment clinic with abnormal nutrition parameters associated with decreased renal function, symptoms burden, and poor dietary intake. This clinic may provide an opportunity to optimize the nutritional status of @entity454 @entity1 in the pre-dialysis period.

title: A high prevalence of abnormal nutrition parameters found in predialysis XXXX : is it a result of uremia or poor eating habits?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['ESKD', 'end-stage kidney disease']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['end-stage kidney disease']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Up-front treatment of older @entity1 with @entity263 can cause morbidity without clear survival benefit; however, most such @entity1 receive treatment instead of observation. The impact of physicians on the management approach is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of physicians on the management of @entity263 with up-front treatment vs observation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Retrospective cohort of @entity1 66 years and older with @entity263 diagnosed from 2006 through 2009. @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results @entity5 registries. The diagnosing urologist, consulting radiation oncologist, @entity5 -directed therapy, and comorbid medical conditions were determined from linked Medicare claims. Physician characteristics were obtained from the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate management variation and factors associated with observation. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: No @entity5 -directed therapy within 12 months of diagnosis (observation). RESULTS: A total of 2145 urologists diagnosed @entity263 in 12,068 @entity1 , of whom 80.1% received treatment and 19.9% were observed. The case-adjusted rate of observation varied widely across urologists, ranging from 4.5% to 64.2% of @entity1 . The diagnosing urologist accounted for 16.1% of the variation in up-front treatment vs observation, whereas @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics accounted for 7.9% of this variation. After adjustment for @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics, urologists who treat non- @entity263 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.71 [95% CI, 0.55-0.92]; P =   .01) and graduated in earlier decades (P =   .004) were less likely to manage low-risk disease with observation. Treated @entity1 were more likely to undergo prostatectomy (aOR, 1.71 [95% CI, 1.45-2.01]; P <   .001), cryotherapy (aOR, 28.2 [95% CI, 19.5-40.9]; P <   .001), brachytherapy (aOR, 3.41 [95% CI, 2.96-3.93]; P <   .001), or external-beam radiotherapy (aOR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.08-1.58]; P =   .005) if their urologist billed for that treatment. Case-adjusted rates of observation also varied across consulting radiation oncologists, ranging from 2.2% to 46.8% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Rates of management of @entity263 with observation varied widely across urologists and radiation oncologists. @entity1 whose diagnosis was made by urologists who treated @entity263 were more likely to receive up-front treatment and, when treated, more likely to receive a treatment that their urologist performed. Public reporting of physicians' @entity5 management profiles would enable informed selection of physicians to diagnose and manage @entity263 .

title: Physician variation in management of XXXX : a population-based cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'low-risk prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['low-risk prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has not been shown whether accelerated rehabilitation following periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is effective for early recovery. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare complication rates in @entity1 with standard and accelerated rehabilitation protocols who underwent PAO. METHODS: Between January 2002 and August 2011, @entity1 with a lateral center-edge (CE) angle of   <   20  , showing good joint congruency with the hip in abduction, pre- or early stage of @entity571 , and age younger than 60 years were included in this study. We evaluated 156 hips in 138 @entity1 , with a mean age at the time of surgery of 30 years. Full weight-bearing with two crutches started 2 months postoperatively in 73 @entity1 (80 hips) with the standard rehabilitation protocol. In 65 @entity1 (76 hips) with the accelerated rehabilitation protocol, postoperative strengthening of the hip, thigh and core musculature was begun on the day of surgery as tolerated. The exercise program included active hip range of motion, and gentle isometric hamstring and quadriceps muscle sets; these exercises were performed for 30 minutes in the morning and 30 minutes in the afternoon with a physical therapist every weekday for 6 weeks. Full weight-bearing with two axillary crutches started on the day of surgery as tolerated. Complications were evaluated for 2 years. RESULTS: The clinical results at the time of follow-up were similar in the two groups. The average periods between the osteotomy and full-weight-bearing walking without support were 4.2 months and 6.9 months in @entity1 with the accelerated and standard rehabilitation protocols (P   <   0.001), indicating that the accelerated rehabilitation protocol could achieve earlier recovery of @entity1 . However, postoperative fractures of the ischial ramus and posterior column of the pelvis were more frequently found in @entity1 with the accelerated rehabilitation protocol (8/76) than in those with the standard rehabilitation protocol (1/80) (P   =   0.013). CONCLUSION: The accelerated rehabilitation protocol seems to have advantages for early muscle recovery in @entity1 undergoing PAO; however, @entity86 rates were unacceptably high in @entity1 with this protocol.

title: Early weight-bearing after periacetabular osteotomy leads to a high incidence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pelvic fracture']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative pelvic fractures']


abstract: INRODUCTION: @entity5381 results from irregular development of the nasomaxillary complex and @entity130 . Treatment of @entity5381 in pediatric @entity1 is one of the biggest challenges in rhinology. Surgery may alter craniofacial growth patterns, and so it may be indicated only in the selected cases. The use of external nasal dilators is a relatively new treatment modality in nasal obstruction. OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to assess the efficacy of external nasal dilator in pediatric @entity5381 @entity1 . METHODS: Seventy-six @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity5381 at our outpatient clinic were included in the study. The @entity1 were divided into 2 groups: the external nasal dilator group was composed of 48 @entity1 that had used an external nasal dilator for at least 1 month and still been using, while the control group was comprised of 28 @entity1 that had not received any treatment and had not used an external nasal dilator. The parents of the @entity1 were asked to complete the @entity27 18 questionnaire. In addition, the external nasal dilator group was asked to complete the questionnaire after stopping external nasal dilator use for 2 weeks and the control group also repeated the @entity27 18 questionnaire. RESULTS: The @entity27 18 questionnaire results were significantly different between the external nasal dilator group and the control group at the beginning of the study (i.e., when @entity1 in the external nasal dilator group were still using their dilators, P = 0.000). On the other hand, there was no difference between the 2 groups after the @entity1 in the external nasal dilator group had stopped using their external nasal dilator (P = 0.670). CONCLUSION: External nasal dilator use relieved @entity5381 , which narrows the nasal valve. The results of this study suggest that external nasal dilator could be used in @entity1 that are not candidates for septoplasty.

title: Efficiency of external nasal dilators in pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity5381 :: ('MESH:D061270', 'Disease') :: ['nasal septal deviation', 'Nasal septal deviation']

answer: @entity5381 :: (MESH:D061270,Disease) :: ['nasal septal deviation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the use of sonication and microcalorimetry in diagnosing @entity39 in a 27-year-old @entity1 with bilateral breast implants. METHODS: The removed breast implants were subjected to sonication and microcalorimetry. The microcalorimetry findings were correlated with conventional microbiologic methods. The time to detection of @entity281 was noted. RESULTS: The @entity1 had @entity158 of the right breast that enlarged within hours. Her @entity1851 level was increased. Chest radiograph showed gas formation in the soft tissue lateral of the right breast. Surgery was performed: 300 mL (right breast) and 100 mL (left breast) of serous-purulent fluid were evacuated. @entity4195 was cultured from the fluid 1 day after clinical presentation. Infection was diagnosed by microcalorimetry of sonication fluid in 1 hour and 21 minutes. The microcalorimetry curve from the right implant reached the peak earlier than did the left implant. CONCLUSION: Microcalorimetry will have a benefit in conditions in which rapid diagnosis of @entity281 is important.

title: XXXX after breast augmentation: rapid microbiologic detection by using sonication of removed implants and microcalorimetry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing fasciitis']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['Necrotizing fasciitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for @entity150 . The prognostic effect of cigarette smoking on disease recurrence and progression in @entity1 with non-muscle-invasive @entity150 (NMIBC), however, is still unclear. We evaluated the effect of smoking status and intensity, and timing of smoking cessation, on NMIBC prognosis. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A population-based series of @entity1 diagnosed with NMIBC from 1995 until 2010 was identified through the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Self-reported smoking history was obtained by a postal lifestyle questionnaire at study inclusion. Detailed clinical data concerning diagnosis, treatment, and disease course were collected retrospectively through a medical file survey. The association of smoking variables with recurrence- and progression-free survival of 963 @entity1 with primary NMIBC was studied using cumulative incidence curves and competing risk regression analyses. RESULTS: The study population comprised 181 never smokers (18.8%), 490 former smokers (50.9%), and 292 current smokers (30.3%) at the time of diagnosis. No statistically significant difference or trend in risk of recurrence (Ptrend = 0.47) or progression (Ptrend = 0.23) across the 3 smoking status categories was found. Moreover, no dose-response association was observed across categories of smoking quantity, duration, or cumulative exposure in relation to NMIBC prognosis. The timing of smoking cessation (i.e., ceased smoking>= 10y before diagnosis,<10y before diagnosis, vs. current smoker at diagnosis) did not significantly affect the risk of recurrence (Ptrend = 0.31) and progression (Ptrend = 0.19). CONCLUSIONS: Based on our study, smoking status, smoking intensity, or cessation at any time before diagnosis does not seem to alter the risks of recurrence and progression among @entity1 with NMIBC. @entity1 ' smoking history is not useful for the guidance of clinical management decisions. @entity1 should nevertheless be advised to quit considering the known beneficial effects on other non-NMIBC-related end points such as @entity65 and second @entity5 .

title: The effect of smoking and timing of smoking cessation on clinical outcome in non-muscle-invasive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'urinary bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary cancers']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are few prospective studies on the natural course of chronic @entity110 (CU) in @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine the natural history of CU in @entity1 and to identify predictors for remission. METHODS: @entity1 4 to 15 years of age with CU were investigated with a complete blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, antinuclear antibody titer, complement CH50 level, thyroid studies, autologous serum skin test, skin-prick tests, food challenges, and stool examination for parasites. They were considered to be in remission if symptoms did not recur for at least 12 months without medication. RESULTS: In all, 92 @entity1 (53.3% female) with CU were recruited and followed up for a median duration of 4.3 years (range 2.5-5.8 years). @entity775 ( @entity775 ) was identified in 40% of the @entity1 . @entity5419 was found in 8.7% and parasitic @entity277 in 5.4%. Remission rates at 1, 3, and 5  years after the onset of CU symptoms were 18.5%, 54%, and 67.7%, respectively. The remission rate did not differ in @entity775 compared with non- @entity775 . No predictor of CU remission was identified. LIMITATIONS: The basophil @entity112 release assay was not performed. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with CU have a favorable outcome. @entity775 did not have an intractable course.

title: The natural history of chronic XXXX in childhood: a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['Food allergy']

entities_list: @entity277 :: ('MESH:D013984', 'Disease') :: ['infestations']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

entities_list: @entity775 :: ('MESH:D019693', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic autoimmune urticaria', 'CAU']

answer: @entity110 :: (MESH:D014581,Disease) :: ['urticaria']


abstract: PURPOSE: A number of @entity1 operated on for @entity1963 continue to have @entity1142 and abdominal distension for years after surgery. Some authors have proposed that @entity63 during surgery may induce @entity1963 . The aim of the present study was to study the effects of @entity63 on the enteric nervous system of sigmoid colon in an animal model. METHODS: A surgical model of @entity63 was created. 34 adult @entity35 underwent a laparotomy where the marginal arterioles of the sigmoid colon were ligated. After that, a section in the middle segment of the sigmoid colon was performed followed by an @entity254 . The presence of @entity63 was assessed by measurement of visible light spectroscopy tissue oximetry and histological examination. Colonic function was assessed by evaluation of stool weight. @entity35 were killed at 1, 8 and 12 weeks after the operation. 12 @entity35 were sham-operated. Enteric nervous system was evaluated by means of immunohistochemistry with @entity11451 p75. Quantitative analysis of the number of @entity21 and ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus was performed. RESULTS: The surgical model of @entity63 significantly decreased tissue oxygenation (pre-surgical = 54.69    7.32 %; post-surgical = 27.37    9.2 %; p < 0.001). There was no disturbance in body-weight gaining in experimental groups and daily stool output did not vary after surgery (pre-surgical = 4.24    0.94 g; post-surgical = 3.82    1 g; p = 0.09). All experimental groups showed persistent @entity21 . However, there was a significant decrease in the number of @entity21 in all the experimental groups compared to control (1w: 45.91    7.66; 8w: 44.17    10.56; 12w: 36.17    15.06 vs control: 56.88    8.66; p < 0.01). The number of total ganglion cells was significantly reduced only in the experimental group killed at week 12 compared to control (1w: 539    167.58; 8w: 488.58    154.41; 12w: 343.94    161.91 vs control: 513.96    126.97; p < 0.01). The rate of ganglion cells per @entity21 was significantly higher in the groups killed at week 1 and 8 versus control group (1w: 11.63    2.53; 8w: 11.11    2.56; 12w: 9.34    1.16 vs control: 9.02    1.81; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Long-term follow-up after surgically induced @entity63 in the @entity35 showed a decreased number of ganglion cells and @entity21 . Nevertheless, it did not produce @entity1963 .

title: Surgical acquired XXXX : myth or reality?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['colonic ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1963 :: ('MESH:D006627', 'Disease') :: ['aganglionosis', 'Hirschsprung disease', 'secondary aganglionosis']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'Rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['ganglia']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity1963 :: (MESH:D006627,Disease) :: ['aganglionosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity308 is one of the most common mental illnesses. The reliability and the validity of the @entity1 Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, a @entity308 screening tool, have not been examined in the general population in China. Thus, this study evaluated the reliability and the validity of the Chinese version of the PHQ-9 in detecting major @entity308 in residents of a Chinese community. METHODS: A total of 1045 @entity1 from a Shanghai community were enrolled in our study. @entity1 completed the Chinese versions of the PHQ-9, the Self-Rating @entity308 Scale ( @entity214 ), the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. One hundred @entity1 were randomly selected to complete the PHQ-9 again 2 weeks after the initial assessment. The reliability, the validity and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the PHQ-9 were analyzed. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha for the internal consistency reliability of the Chinese version of the PHQ-9 was 0.86 for the entire scale. The correlation coefficient for the 2-week test-retest of the total score was 0.86. The PHQ-9 scale correlated positively with the @entity214 (r=0.29, p<0.001) and correlated negatively with all subscale scores of the SF-36 (correlation coefficients ranged from -0.11 to -0.47, p<0.001). The area under the curve of the ROC was 0.92 (95% confidence interval: 0.86-0.97). A cutoff score of 7 or higher on the PHQ-9 had a sensitivity of 0.86 and a specificity of 0.86. CONCLUSIONS: In the general Chinese population, the Chinese version of the PHQ-9 is a valid and efficient tool for screening @entity308 , with a recommended cutoff score of 7 or more.

title: Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the XXXX Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in the general population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent descriptions of the clinical and laboratory features of subjects with @entity6052 in the US are lacking. Our aim was to describe clinical, biochemical and genetic features of 108 subjects. METHODS: Between Sep 2010-Dec 2012, 108 subjects with @entity6052 [90 acute intermittent @entity6050 , 9 @entity10154 , 9 variegate @entity6050 ] were enrolled into an observational study. Genetic testing was performed at a central genetic testing laboratory and clinical information entered into a central data base. Selected features were compared to data for adults in the USA. RESULTS: Most subjects [88/108, 81%] were female with self-reported onset of symptoms in 2(nd)-4(th) decades of life. The most common symptom was @entity490 . Appendectomies and cholecystectomies were common prior to a diagnosis of @entity6050 . The diagnosis was delayed by a mean of 15 years. @entity148 and @entity308 were common, and 18% complained of chronic symptoms, especially @entity9 . The incidences of and @entity262 arterial @entity101 , @entity740 , @entity302 , and @entity146 conditions were markedly increased. Mutations of the known causative genes were found in 102/105 of those tested, with novel mutations being found in 37 including in 7/8 subjects with @entity10154 . Therapy with intravenous @entity8868 was the most effective therapy both for treatment of acute attacks and for prevention of recurrent attacks. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6052 often remain undiagnosed for more than a decade after first symptoms develop. Intravenous hematin is the treatment of choice, both for treatment of acute attacks and for prevention of recurrent attacks. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01561157.

title: XXXX in the USA: Features of 108 Subjects from Porphyria Consortium.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic']

entities_list: @entity6050 :: ('MESH:D011164', 'Disease') :: ['porphyria']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity6052 :: ('MESH:D017118', 'Disease') :: ['acute porphyrias', 'Acute porphyrias']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['seizure disorders']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic and other pains']

entities_list: @entity10154 :: ('MESH:D046349', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary coproporphyria']

answer: @entity6052 :: (MESH:D017118,Disease) :: ['Acute Porphyrias']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity2299 , which is characterized by increased @entity412 levels and reduced HDL @entity165 levels, is underestimated and undertreated in clinical practice. We assessed its prevalence and the achievement of therapeutic objectives for HDL @entity165 and @entity412 levels in @entity1 treated at lipid and vascular risk units in Spain. @entity1 AND METHOD: This was an observational, longitudinal, retrospective, multicenter study performed in 14 autonomous Spanish communities that consecutively included 1828 @entity1 aged >= 18 years who were referred for @entity2299 and vascular risk to 43 lipid clinics accredited by the Spanish Society of @entity4288 . We collected information from the medical records corresponding to 2 visits conducted during 2010 and 2011-12, respectively. RESULTS: Of the 1649 @entity1 who had a lipid profile in the first visit (90.2%), 295 (17.9%) had @entity2299 . The factors associated with @entity2299 were excess weight/ @entity28 , not taking hypolipidemic drugs (statins and/or fibrates), @entity6 , @entity583 and previous @entity712 . Of the 273 (92.5%) @entity1 with @entity2299 that had a lipid profile in the last visit, 44 (16.1%) achieved the therapeutic objectives for HDL @entity165 and @entity412 levels. The predictors of therapeutic success were normal weight and normoglycemia. CONCLUSION: One of every 6 @entity1 treated in lipid and vascular risk units had @entity2299 . The degree to which the therapeutic goals for HDL @entity165 and @entity412 levels were achieved in these @entity1 was very low.

title: XXXX : prevalence and management in lipid clinics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia', 'atherogenic dyslipidemia', 'Atherogenic dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['Arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity2299 :: (MESH:D050171,Disease) :: ['Atherogenic dyslipidemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) associated @entity1333 with @entity8 requires treatment with potentially toxic drugs to reduce morbidity and mortality, and there is a major challenge to determine clinical and histological features predictive of renal prognosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of the 2010 international histological classification for ANCA-associated @entity631 (AAGN) as a predictor of renal outcome when used in conjunction with other prognostic factors. METHODS: One hundred and four @entity1 with AAGN treated at our centre were included: 23 were classified as focal, 26 as crescentic, 48 as mixed and 7 as @entity3808 . Renal outcomes were based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at 1 and 5 years, and on renal survival. RESULTS: By univariate analysis, @entity1 in the focal class had the best renal outcome, those in the @entity3808 class the worst outcome, and those in the mixed and crescentic classes had intermediate renal survival. There was no significant difference in outcome between the mixed and crescentic classes. In multivariate models, histological class did not improve model fit or associate with renal outcome after adjusting for established prognostic factors. Lower percentage of normal glomeruli, greater degree of @entity194 ( @entity194 ), @entity3335 -ANCA positivity, increasing age and lower starting eGFR, all correlated with poorer renal outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that, in our cohort of @entity1 , the international histological classification is predictive of renal outcome in AAGN, but did not appear to be additionally informative over other established prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. However, it may be of value to combine the current histological classification with other established parameters, such as @entity194 and percentage normal glomeruli.

title: Long-term outcome of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated XXXX : evaluation of the international histological classification and other prognostic factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal involvement']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity3808 :: ('MESH:C538213', 'Disease') :: ['sclerotic']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['TA', 'tubular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity631 :: (MESH:D005921,Disease) :: ['glomerulonephritis']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of the study was to study the clinical profile of the @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ) and @entity716 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a prospective, cross sectional, hospital-based study done at the Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India from September 2009 to January 2011. All @entity1 with @entity191 , diagnosed by United Kingdom @entity191 Society Brain Bank criteria, having with features of @entity716 as diagnosed by the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) were included. @entity1 without a caregiver who could validate the @entity1 's symptoms were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 40 @entity1 (5 @entity1 , 35 @entity1 ) with @entity191 with @entity716 (mean age: 54.2    11.5 years, mean duration of illness: 6.5    4.5 years, and mean duration of @entity716 : 4.3    4.3 years) were included in the study. The Global NPI score was 19.1    11.5. Majority of the @entity1 had pure @entity1833 (85%), while the rest had either pure delusions (7.5%) or a combination of delusions and @entity1833 (7.5%). In those with @entity1833 , @entity1833 were the commonest (60%) (pure only in 22.5%), followed by auditory (45%), minor @entity1833 (45%), and tactile (20%). Only one @entity1 reported having @entity1833 (2.5%). Loss of insight was most often observed during the @entity1833 (52%), followed by tactile (44.4%), auditory (38.9 %), and minor @entity1833 (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity191 and @entity716 , pure @entity1833 are common and @entity1833 are the commonest among the @entity1833 . A large proportion of @entity1 have minor @entity1833 , which need to be recognized early for effective and early management. The limitations of the study were small sample size, use of a single scale to assess @entity716 and subjective assessment of insight.

title: A clinical profile of @entity1 with @entity191 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['olfactory hallucinations', 'hallucinations', 'visual hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of the study was to study the clinical profile of the @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ) and @entity716 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a prospective, cross sectional, hospital-based study done at the Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India from September 2009 to January 2011. All @entity1 with @entity191 , diagnosed by United Kingdom @entity191 Society Brain Bank criteria, having with features of @entity716 as diagnosed by the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) were included. @entity1 without a caregiver who could validate the @entity1 's symptoms were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 40 @entity1 (5 @entity1 , 35 @entity1 ) with @entity191 with @entity716 (mean age: 54.2    11.5 years, mean duration of illness: 6.5    4.5 years, and mean duration of @entity716 : 4.3    4.3 years) were included in the study. The Global NPI score was 19.1    11.5. Majority of the @entity1 had pure @entity1833 (85%), while the rest had either pure delusions (7.5%) or a combination of delusions and @entity1833 (7.5%). In those with @entity1833 , @entity1833 were the commonest (60%) (pure only in 22.5%), followed by auditory (45%), minor @entity1833 (45%), and tactile (20%). Only one @entity1 reported having @entity1833 (2.5%). Loss of insight was most often observed during the @entity1833 (52%), followed by tactile (44.4%), auditory (38.9 %), and minor @entity1833 (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity191 and @entity716 , pure @entity1833 are common and @entity1833 are the commonest among the @entity1833 . A large proportion of @entity1 have minor @entity1833 , which need to be recognized early for effective and early management. The limitations of the study were small sample size, use of a single scale to assess @entity716 and subjective assessment of insight.

title: A clinical profile of @entity1 with XXXX and @entity716 .

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of the study was to study the clinical profile of the @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ) and @entity716 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a prospective, cross sectional, hospital-based study done at the Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India from September 2009 to January 2011. All @entity1 with @entity191 , diagnosed by United Kingdom @entity191 Society Brain Bank criteria, having with features of @entity716 as diagnosed by the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) were included. @entity1 without a caregiver who could validate the @entity1 's symptoms were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 40 @entity1 (5 @entity1 , 35 @entity1 ) with @entity191 with @entity716 (mean age: 54.2    11.5 years, mean duration of illness: 6.5    4.5 years, and mean duration of @entity716 : 4.3    4.3 years) were included in the study. The Global NPI score was 19.1    11.5. Majority of the @entity1 had pure @entity1833 (85%), while the rest had either pure delusions (7.5%) or a combination of delusions and @entity1833 (7.5%). In those with @entity1833 , @entity1833 were the commonest (60%) (pure only in 22.5%), followed by auditory (45%), minor @entity1833 (45%), and tactile (20%). Only one @entity1 reported having @entity1833 (2.5%). Loss of insight was most often observed during the @entity1833 (52%), followed by tactile (44.4%), auditory (38.9 %), and minor @entity1833 (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity191 and @entity716 , pure @entity1833 are common and @entity1833 are the commonest among the @entity1833 . A large proportion of @entity1 have minor @entity1833 , which need to be recognized early for effective and early management. The limitations of the study were small sample size, use of a single scale to assess @entity716 and subjective assessment of insight.

title: A clinical profile of XXXX with @entity191 and @entity716 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Two adult @entity1 presented with the rare @entity241 ( @entity241 ). Case 1: A 35-year-old male @entity1 had progressive stiffness of lower limbs of 13 years and generalized @entity2086 and @entity925 of 3 years duration. Had periorbital @entity4 , dry skin, generalized @entity2086 and @entity4653 with hoarseness. Muscle power was normal. Jaw jerk and deep tendon reflexes were exaggerated. Case 2: A 24-year-old male @entity1 presented with @entity2086 from childhood, slowness in motor activities and @entity393 . For 6 months, he had severe @entity925 , cramps and further increase in @entity1184 . He had yellow tinged, dry skin, hoarseness of voice, gross @entity2086 and minimal weakness. Both had markedly elevated serum @entity908 kinase (CK) levels and high thyroid stimulating hormone, low free @entity1954 and free @entity1955 levels. @entity1955 treatment demonstrated remarkable reduction in muscle bulk at 2 months in both and no symptoms at 6 months. Magnetic resonance imaging of lower limbs in both cases revealed almost identical features with involvement of the muscles of posterior and adductor compartment of thighs and posterior and lateral compartments of the legs. Differential diagnosis of long duration muscle pseudohypertrophy and elevated CK levels should include @entity241 .

title: XXXX with unusually long duration: Report on clinical, laboratory and muscle imaging findings in two cases.

entities_list: @entity2086 :: ('MESH:C536106', 'Disease') :: ['muscle hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity241 :: ('MESH:D018223', 'Disease') :: ["Hoffmann's syndrome", 'HS']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine', 'Levothyroxine']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing impairment']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pains', 'myalgia']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['spastic dysarthria']

answer: @entity241 :: (MESH:D018223,Disease) :: ['Hoffmann's syndrome']


abstract: Background. Staging and treatment of @entity521 has yet to be formalized. We sought to determine the utility of the pediatric classification system in adults and determine the efficacy of different treatment modalities. Methods. Medical records of 118 adults ( @entity1 >17 years old) and 112 pediatric @entity1 (ages 2-17), who were treated for @entity521 at M.D. Anderson @entity5 Center from January 1994 to September 2012, were reviewed. International @entity521 risk group (INRG) variables were abstracted. The primary outcome of interest was actuarial progression-free survival. Results. Median age of pediatric @entity1 was 5 years (range 3-16) and 47 years (range 18-82) for adult @entity1 . There were no differences in PFS or OS between stage-matched risk categories between pediatric and adult @entity1 (L1-P = 0.40, L2-P = 0.54, and M-P = 0.73). In the treatment of L1 disease, median PFS for adults treated with surgery and radiation was 11.1 months compared with single modality local treatment    chemotherapy (6.4 and 5.1 months, resp.; P = 0.07). Median PFS in L2 adult @entity1 was 5.2 months with local therapy and 4 months with the addition of chemotherapy (P = 0.23). Conclusions. Adult and pediatric @entity1 with @entity521 achieve similar survival outcomes. INRG classification should be employed to stratify @entity521 @entity1 and help select treatment.

title: Adult versus Pediatric XXXX : The M.D. Anderson @entity5 Center Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma', 'adult neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['Neuroblastoma']


abstract: Background. Staging and treatment of @entity521 has yet to be formalized. We sought to determine the utility of the pediatric classification system in adults and determine the efficacy of different treatment modalities. Methods. Medical records of 118 adults ( @entity1 >17 years old) and 112 pediatric @entity1 (ages 2-17), who were treated for @entity521 at M.D. Anderson @entity5 Center from January 1994 to September 2012, were reviewed. International @entity521 risk group (INRG) variables were abstracted. The primary outcome of interest was actuarial progression-free survival. Results. Median age of pediatric @entity1 was 5 years (range 3-16) and 47 years (range 18-82) for adult @entity1 . There were no differences in PFS or OS between stage-matched risk categories between pediatric and adult @entity1 (L1-P = 0.40, L2-P = 0.54, and M-P = 0.73). In the treatment of L1 disease, median PFS for adults treated with surgery and radiation was 11.1 months compared with single modality local treatment    chemotherapy (6.4 and 5.1 months, resp.; P = 0.07). Median PFS in L2 adult @entity1 was 5.2 months with local therapy and 4 months with the addition of chemotherapy (P = 0.23). Conclusions. Adult and pediatric @entity1 with @entity521 achieve similar survival outcomes. INRG classification should be employed to stratify @entity521 @entity1 and help select treatment.

title: Adult versus Pediatric @entity521 : The M.D. Anderson XXXX Center Experience.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: The effect of low intensity laser radiation in the treatment of acute and @entity1118 is now established in many studies. Tri-geminal @entity9 is a @entity158 passes through nerve's branches and its trigger is located in skin or mucosa that could lead to @entity158 with a trigger stimulus. The @entity158 involved branches of trigeminal nerve that sometimes has @entity1 to seek the treatment for several years. Nowadays different treatments are used for relief of @entity158 that most of them cause tolerance and various side effects. This paper reviews and summarizes scientific papers available in English literature publishedin PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Inter science, and Iran Medex from 1986 until July 2011 about the effect of these types of lasers on @entity4254 which is one of the most @entity158 afflictions known. In different studies, the effect of laser therapy has been compared with placebo irradiation or medicinal and surgical treatment modalities. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a treatment strategy which uses a single wavelength light source. Laser radiation and monochromatic light may alter cell and tissue function. However, in most studies laser therapy was associated with significant reduction in the intensity and frequency of @entity158 compared with other treatment strategies, a few studies revealed that between laser and placebo group there was not any significant difference according to the analgesic effect. Low-level laser therapy could be considered in treatment of @entity4254 without any side effects.

title: The Effect of Low-level Laser Therapy on Trigeminal XXXX : A Review of Literature.

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuralgia']

answer: @entity9 :: (MESH:D009437,Disease) :: ['Neuralgia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aim of our study was to determine the predictive impact of certain serum immunological markers on @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 with @entity463 ( @entity463 ). METHODS: We assayed prospectively values of @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ), immunoglobulin G (IgG), C4, CD3+, @entity404 + and @entity405 + cells via flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radial immunodiffusion in preoperative sera of adult @entity1 with de novo histologically confirmed supratentorial @entity463 . Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess clinical, laboratory, and treatment prognostic factors for @entity1349 . RESULTS: Twenty-six consecutive @entity1 were identified with a mean age of 59.6 years. Median follow up was 12 months. Lower @entity1199 values (<7.97 pg/ml vs. >= 7.97 pg/ml, P = 0.029) und @entity404 + counts (<200 cells/ l vs. >= 200 cells/ l, P < 0.001) correlated significantly with a shorter @entity1349 . The independent prognostic relevance of @entity404 + counts was confirmed by the multivariate analysis (HR = 0.010, 95% CI 0.001-0.226, P = 0.011). Further independent prognostic factors for @entity1349 were type of resection (resection vs. biopsy) and administration of radiotherapy (yes/no). CONCLUSION: Preoperative values @entity1199 and @entity404 + cells in sera may carry a prognostic impact. Novel diagnostic models prior to histopathological confirmation may be used to predict prognosis of @entity1 with @entity463 . Future studies should investigate whether targeting immune factors, such as @entity404 + and @entity1199 , may improve the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity463 .

title: Prognostic value of the preoperative immunological profile in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma multiforme', 'GBM']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aim of our study was to determine the predictive impact of certain serum immunological markers on @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 with @entity463 ( @entity463 ). METHODS: We assayed prospectively values of @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ), immunoglobulin G (IgG), C4, CD3+, @entity404 + and @entity405 + cells via flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radial immunodiffusion in preoperative sera of adult @entity1 with de novo histologically confirmed supratentorial @entity463 . Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess clinical, laboratory, and treatment prognostic factors for @entity1349 . RESULTS: Twenty-six consecutive @entity1 were identified with a mean age of 59.6 years. Median follow up was 12 months. Lower @entity1199 values (<7.97 pg/ml vs. >= 7.97 pg/ml, P = 0.029) und @entity404 + counts (<200 cells/ l vs. >= 200 cells/ l, P < 0.001) correlated significantly with a shorter @entity1349 . The independent prognostic relevance of @entity404 + counts was confirmed by the multivariate analysis (HR = 0.010, 95% CI 0.001-0.226, P = 0.011). Further independent prognostic factors for @entity1349 were type of resection (resection vs. biopsy) and administration of radiotherapy (yes/no). CONCLUSION: Preoperative values @entity1199 and @entity404 + cells in sera may carry a prognostic impact. Novel diagnostic models prior to histopathological confirmation may be used to predict prognosis of @entity1 with @entity463 . Future studies should investigate whether targeting immune factors, such as @entity404 + and @entity1199 , may improve the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity463 .

title: Prognostic value of the preoperative immunological profile in XXXX with @entity463 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity5606 ( @entity5606 ), a rare and highly @entity1221 that presents in early childhood, has a poor prognosis. @entity1129 /RTs are characterized by biallelic inactivating mutations of the gene @entity6195 in 98% of @entity1 ; these mutations may serve as molecular markers for @entity41 cell detection in liquid biopsies. We developed a marker-specific method to detect residual @entity5606 cells. Seven of 150 @entity1 samples were selected, each with a histological and genetically ascertained diagnosis of @entity5606 . @entity5 tissue was either formalin fixed or fresh frozen. DNA was extracted from the @entity1 ' peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, DNA sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to characterize the @entity5 ' mutations. @entity41 cell detection used mutation-specific primers and real-time PCR. The detection limit for the @entity41 cell search was 1-18%, depending on the quality of the template provided. The @entity41 cell search in PBL and CSF was negative for all seven @entity1 . The @entity6195 region of chromosome 22 is prone to DNA double-strand breaks. The individual breakpoints and breakpoint-specific PCR offer the option to detect minimal @entity41 cells in CSF or blood. Even if we did not detect minimal @entity41 cells in the investigated material, proof of principle for this method was confirmed.

title: Identifying molecular markers for the sensitive detection of residual atypical XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor', 'Residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1221 :: ('MESH:D016543', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumor entity of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity5606 :: ('MESH:D018335', 'Disease') :: ['Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor', 'AT/RT']

answer: @entity5606 :: (MESH:D018335,Disease) :: ['teratoid rhabdoid tumor']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the results of two different mesh fixation methods in laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal hernioplasty (TAPP): tacker vs. synthetic cyanoacrylate glue. METHODS: The study group includes 70 @entity1 with bilateral and monolateral recurrent inguinal @entity547 undergoing transabdominal preperitoneal repair (TAPP) in the period 2011-2013. A @entity7502 mesh was fixed in group A (N.=35) with @entity702 tacks (EndoUniversal stapler, Covidien) or in group B (N.=35) with synthetic @entity3080 glue (Glubran-2, GEM). @entity1 outcome was assessed by the following variables: sex, mean age, ASA score, intra- and postoperative morbidity, hospitalization, postoperative acute and @entity1118 , recurrence rate. The observation period was 24 months, with a mean follow-up of 10.5 months (range, 1-23) for Group A and 11 months (range, 2-24) for Group B. RESULTS: No difference between the two groups was observed with respect to mean operative time and hospitalization. In all cases, surgery was successfully concluded laparoscopically. @entity3816 occurred in 1 @entity1 of the group A and consisted of a urinary @entity1494 , which was immediately sutured. @entity260 rate was 5.7% (4 @entity1 , of whom 3 in group A and 1 in group B). In each group we detected one recurrence within 6 (group A) and 18 months (group B) postsurgery; both @entity1 were treated with a re-TAPP. @entity282 at 6 months from surgery, measured by visual analogue score (VAS), was reported by 4 @entity1 in the group A and in no case of the group B (P=0.04). CONCLUSION: Data from this study demonstrate the advantages of synthetic cyanoacrylate glue for mesh fixation in laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal @entity169 , compared to @entity702 tacks. The use of this surgical glue was associated with a significantly reduced risk for developing chronic @entity158 and a shortened hospital stay. Nevertheless, further studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm our encouraging results.

title: [Comparison between two different mesh fixation methods in laparoscopic XXXX : tacker vs. Synthetic cyanoacrylate glue.]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder injury']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity3080 :: ('MESH:D003487', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanoacrylate']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['groin pain']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['inguinal hernia repair']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity3816 :: ('MESH:D007431', 'Disease') :: ['Intraoperative complications']

answer: @entity169 :: (MESH:D006552,Disease) :: ['inguinal hernia repair']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine gender and racial disparities in @entity299 mortality related to metalworking fluid exposures and in the healthy worker survivor effect. METHOD: We examined @entity299 ( @entity299 ) mortality from 1941 to 1995 in a cohort of autoworkers with quantitative exposure to cumulative respirable particulate matter from water-based metalworking fluids. Cox models were used to estimate the exposure-response to soluble and synthetic fluids separately in white @entity1 , black @entity1 , and white @entity1 . In separate analyses, we used g-estimation to adjust for the healthy worker survivor effect. RESULTS: The risk of @entity299 was increased among black @entity1 (295 deaths) exposed to synthetic fluid with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.47 (95% CI: 1.52, 7.92) in the highest cumulative exposure category. White @entity1 (119 deaths) had increased risk of @entity299 with increased soluble fluid (HR: 2.44 (0.93, 6.38)) in the second to highest category. However, Cox models show no increased risk in white @entity1 (2246 deaths). In contrast, g-estimation results indicate that if white @entity1 had been always unexposed to soluble and synthetic fluid, then on average for each case, 2.99 and 2.77 years of life would have been saved, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found increased risk of @entity299 for black @entity1 and white @entity1 exposed to metalworking fluids using Cox regression. After adjusting for the healthy worker survivor effect, increased risk was observed for white @entity1 . The ability to leave work for health related reasons may be an option more available to white male workers.

title: 0103   Racial and Gender Differences in the Risk of XXXX and the Healthy Worker Survivor Effect among Autoworkers.

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease', 'heart disease', 'IHD']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Ischaemic Heart Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Selection of appropriate outcome measures in studies of work-related @entity85 ( @entity85 ) directly affects the observed exposure-response relationship. Considering that many different factors might affect different stages of disease severity, we examined disability outcomes that represent a spectrum of disease in a newly hired working population and described the transitions between various states of symptoms and disability. METHOD: From July 2004 to October 2006, 1107 newly hired workers were recruited to participate in the study. Subjects completed self-reported questionnaires including demographics, medical and work history, and current symptom and work status, nerve conduction studies, and a physical exam. Surveys were repeated at 6, 18, and 36 month follow-up; 827 subjects (75%) completed all follow-ups and were included in the analysis. The outcomes of interest were presence of @entity1109 and limitations in work abilities, productivity, job restrictions, lost time, and job changes due to these symptoms. RESULTS: A majority of workers (72%) reported symptoms at least once during the study, yet less than half (44-46%) reported symptoms within any single follow-up period. Similarly, 31% of workers reported work limitations due to their symptoms at least once during the study, but only 15-16% within any single follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence for the dynamic nature of both @entity11159 symptoms and work abilities over time, which has been theorised but with few explicit studies. If the risk factors for these outcomes differ, this may explain some of the lack of clarity in the current literature on work-related risk factors and @entity11159 .

title: 0356   Transitions between upper XXXX and work limitation outcomes: a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal disorders', 'MSDs']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity symptoms']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['extremity musculoskeletal symptoms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity158 control is an integral part of minor oral surgery and maxillary/mandibular nerve blocks have proved promising in achieving the same. Although intra oral techniques of @entity616 are common and are widely used, there are certain inherent disadvantages and potential complications. Less commonly described in the literature, the extra oral techniques have a wide spectrum of indications as well as can be more advantageous than the intra oral approach. This prospective clinical trial is an attempt to evaluate the feasibility and the efficacy of the extra oral frontozygomatic approach to the foramen rotundum to block the maxillary nerve. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sample size was 100 @entity1 and the inclusion criteria were @entity1 of ASA I or II category who needed extraction of a minimum of 4 maxillary teeth in the same quadrant in a single sitting while exclusion criteria were @entity1 with a history of @entity566 to local anesthesia, medically compromised @entity1 in whom dental extraction was contraindicated. Mean age was 71.9  years and 56 @entity1 were males while 44 were females. Only a single quadrant (first or second) was chosen as the operative site in each @entity1 and local anaesthesia was secured using a 21 gauge 89  mm long spinal needle with frontozygomatic angle approach and the parameters used were @entity158 experienced during the injection, onset of subjective symptoms, time required for the peak effect (objective symptoms), @entity158 during extraction and the duration of anesthesia. All the parameters were expressed as mean values with standard deviations. RESULTS: A successful anesthesia was secured in first attempt in 98 @entity1 while in 2 @entity1 , the procedure had to be repeated owing to the difficulty in reaching the target site. A majority of the @entity1 i.e., 71  % scored 0-2 (no @entity158 ) on visual analogue scale (VAS) while only 2 @entity1 experienced a moderate degree of @entity158 . Subjective symptoms were reported in 27.24  s (mean value) and 12.93  s (mean value) in the palate and the infraorbital fossa respectively. Peak effect of anesthesia was noted in 66.7, 37.38 and 31.71  s (all values expressed as mean) in palate, infraorbital fossa and posterior superior alveolar areas respectively. CONCLUSION: Although with only dental extraction as the procedure of choice, the present study has favoured the frontozygomatic angle approach for the @entity616 as simple, safe, efficacious and associated with minimum and clinically mild complications.

title: Efficacy and feasibility of frontozygomatic angle approach for extra XXXX in oral surgery: a descriptive clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['maxillary nerve block']

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['oral maxillary nerve block']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Poor oral health, @entity102 , functional decline, and low cognitive ability can increase the risk of falls in the elderly. OBJECTIVES: The current study aimed to show the effects of oral health, @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity101 ( @entity101 ), @entity299 , functional status, and sociodemographic factors on the risk of falls in elderly with @entity303 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 1,210 Malaysian elderly who were demented and noninstitutionalized. This study was a national cross-sectional survey entitled "Determinants of Health Status among Older Malaysians". The effects of age, ethnicity, sex differences, marital status, educational level, oral health, @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity299 , and functional status on the risk of falls were evaluated. The multiple logistic regression model was used to estimate the effects of contributing variables on the risk of falls in samples. RESULTS: The prevalence of falls was approximately 17% in subjects. It was found that age (odds ratio [OR] 1.02), non-Malay ethnicity (OR 1.66), @entity299 (OR 1.92), and functional decline (OR 1.58) significantly increased the risk of falls in respondents (P<0.05). Furthermore, having teeth (OR 0.59) and dentures (OR 0.66) significantly decreased the rate of falls (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that age, non-Malay ethnicity, functional decline, @entity299 , and oral health significantly affected falls in @entity303 .

title: Association between dentures and the rate of falls in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2358 , @entity146 , and @entity73 are all part of the symptom triad in @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ). Despite the fact that @entity146 and @entity73 may be early manifestations of @entity2033 , the clinical diagnosis is conventionally based on the presence of @entity2358 and a positive genetic test for the @entity2033 CAG repeat expansion. After investigating the frequencies of the triad manifestations in a large outpatient clinical cohort of @entity2033 gene-expansion carriers, we propose a new clinical classification. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 107 gene-expansion carriers from a Danish outpatient clinic were recruited. All @entity1 underwent neurological examination, @entity146 evaluation and neuropsychological testing. @entity1 were categorised according to motor symptoms, @entity146 , the use of psychotropic medication, and @entity73 . RESULTS: Among the motor manifest @entity2033 gene-expansion carriers, 51.8% presented with the full symptom triad, 25.0% were defined as @entity73 in addition to motor symptoms, and 14.3% had @entity146 along with motor symptoms. Only 8.9% had isolated motor symptoms. Among gene-expansion carriers without motor symptoms, 39.2% had @entity146 , were @entity73 , or had a combination of the two. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to report the frequencies of both motor symptoms, @entity73 , and @entity146 in @entity2033 gene-expansion carriers in a national outpatient @entity2033 clinical cohort. We found that almost 40% of the gene-expansion carriers without motor symptoms had either @entity146 , @entity73 or both, emphasising that these @entity1 are not premanifest in @entity146 and cognitive terms, suggesting that the current clinical classification is neither necessarily suitable nor helpful for this @entity1 group. Some premanifest gene-expansion carriers may have @entity146 and/or cognitive symptoms caused by reactive stress or other pathology than @entity2033 . Acknowledging this fact we, however, suggest classifying all @entity2033 gene-expansion carriers into three clinical categories: premanifest, non-motor manifest, and motor manifest.

title: A clinical classification acknowledging @entity73 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'neuropsychiatric symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2358 :: ('MESH:D020820', 'Disease') :: ['involuntary movements', 'Involuntary movements']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitively impaired', 'cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity2033 :: ('MESH:D006816', 'Disease') :: ["Huntington's disease", 'HD']

answer: @entity2033 :: (MESH:D006816,Disease) :: ['Huntington's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2358 , @entity146 , and @entity73 are all part of the symptom triad in @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ). Despite the fact that @entity146 and @entity73 may be early manifestations of @entity2033 , the clinical diagnosis is conventionally based on the presence of @entity2358 and a positive genetic test for the @entity2033 CAG repeat expansion. After investigating the frequencies of the triad manifestations in a large outpatient clinical cohort of @entity2033 gene-expansion carriers, we propose a new clinical classification. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 107 gene-expansion carriers from a Danish outpatient clinic were recruited. All @entity1 underwent neurological examination, @entity146 evaluation and neuropsychological testing. @entity1 were categorised according to motor symptoms, @entity146 , the use of psychotropic medication, and @entity73 . RESULTS: Among the motor manifest @entity2033 gene-expansion carriers, 51.8% presented with the full symptom triad, 25.0% were defined as @entity73 in addition to motor symptoms, and 14.3% had @entity146 along with motor symptoms. Only 8.9% had isolated motor symptoms. Among gene-expansion carriers without motor symptoms, 39.2% had @entity146 , were @entity73 , or had a combination of the two. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to report the frequencies of both motor symptoms, @entity73 , and @entity146 in @entity2033 gene-expansion carriers in a national outpatient @entity2033 clinical cohort. We found that almost 40% of the gene-expansion carriers without motor symptoms had either @entity146 , @entity73 or both, emphasising that these @entity1 are not premanifest in @entity146 and cognitive terms, suggesting that the current clinical classification is neither necessarily suitable nor helpful for this @entity1 group. Some premanifest gene-expansion carriers may have @entity146 and/or cognitive symptoms caused by reactive stress or other pathology than @entity2033 . Acknowledging this fact we, however, suggest classifying all @entity2033 gene-expansion carriers into three clinical categories: premanifest, non-motor manifest, and motor manifest.

title: A clinical classification acknowledging XXXX in @entity2033 .

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['neuropsychiatric and cognitive impairment']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nanoparticles have become one of the leading technologies over the past two years. The extensive use of nanoparticles has raised great concern about their occupational fate and biological effects. With an increase in the production and use of nanomaterial, it is more likely to get exposed to them occupationally and environmentally. OBJECTIVE: To assess the @entity137 of @entity575 nanoparticles on @entity1 mononuclear cells. METHODS: In this in vitro experimental study, suspensions of blood mononuclear cells from 10 young healthy @entity1 were incubated with 10-nm @entity575 nanoparticles in different concentrations (range: 1-500  g/mL) for 6 and 24 hours by @entity98 assay. Positive and negative controls were used for comparison. RESULTS: After 6 hours of exposure, 10.9% to 48.4% of the cells died. After 24 hours of exposure, the rate ranged from 56.8% to 86.3%. Regardless of the exposure time, the maximum @entity137 was observed at the concentration of 500  g/mL of @entity575 nanoparticles. By increasing the exposure time to 24 hours, the @entity137 of nanoparticles substantially increased at all concentrations. Cell death was significantly higher when compared to the controls (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity575 nanoparticles possess both time- and dose-dependent @entity137 and can thus be considered as very toxic for mononuclear cells.

title: The toxic effects of XXXX nanoparticles on blood mononuclear cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity575 :: ('MESH:D012834', 'Chemical') :: ['Silver', 'silver']

answer: @entity575 :: (MESH:D012834,Chemical) :: ['silver']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Staging of @entity2622 is done clinically using International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) guidelines. It is based on physical examination findings and also includes results of biopsy, endoscopy and conventional radiological tests like chest radiograph, intravenous urography and barium enema. These conventional radiological investigations have largely been replaced by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at present. FIGO staging system does not consider CT and MRI mandatory; however, use of these modalities are encouraged. This prospective study was conducted to determine the role of CT in staging work up in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity2622 . METHODS: Fifty three @entity1 diagnosed with @entity2622 were evaluated with contrast enhanced CT scan of abdomen and pelvis. CT scan images were especially evaluated to determine @entity5 size, invasion of parmetrium, pelvic walls, rectum, urinary bladder and ureters, pelvic or @entity3329 and distant metastases. CT findings were associated with clinical findings and staging, including findings from cystoscopy and sigmoidoscopy. RESULTS: There was a poor agreement between clinical and @entity5 . Primary @entity5 was demonstrated on CT in 36 (70%) of 53 @entity1 . CT underestimated the parametrial, vaginal and pelvic wall invasion when compared with physical examination. CT overestimated the urinary bladder and rectal invasion when compared with cysto-sigmoidoscopy, however, CT had 100 per cent negative predictive value (NPV) to exclude @entity1494 . CT detection of lymph node enlargement and lung metastases influenced the management. INTERPRETATION _ CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that CT scan does not reliably correlate with clinical FIGO staging of cervical @entity5 . However, it can detect urinary obstruction as well as nodal or distant metastases and thus improves the clinical FIGO staging.

title: Role of computed tomography (CT) scan in staging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder and rectal involvement']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['CT staging of cervical carcinoma', 'cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

answer: @entity2622 :: (MESH:D002583,Disease) :: ['cervical carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Little is known about the clinicopathological features of early @entity356 ( @entity356 ). The purpose of this study was to compare the clinicopathological features and prognosis between @entity1 with early @entity356 and those with early nonmucinous @entity356 (NMGC). METHODS: We reviewed the records of 2,732 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity356 who were treated surgically. There were 14 @entity1 (0.5%) with early @entity356 and 958 with early NMGC. RESULTS: Early @entity356 @entity1 had a higher prevalence of elevated type (71.4%) compared with early NMGC @entity1 (29.5%). More early @entity356 @entity1 had @entity189 , compared with early NMGC @entity1 (78.6% vs. 64.1%). The overall 5-year survival of the @entity1 with early @entity356 was 97.2% as compared with 92.7% for the @entity1 with early NMGC (P < 0.01). The statistically significant prognostic parameters influencing the 5-year survival rate according to Cox's proportional hazard regression model were: age (risk ratio, 2.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.62-3.04; P < 0.01); sex (risk ratio, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.42-2.73; P < 0.01); and lymph node @entity3 (risk ratio, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.28-2.77; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with early @entity356 had a better prognosis than those with early NMGC. Mucinous histology itself appears not to be an independent prognostic factor. Therefore, early detection is important for improving the prognosis for @entity1 with @entity356 regardless of @entity5 histology.

title: Prognosis of early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous gastric carcinoma', 'gastric carcinoma', 'MGC']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['mucinous gastric carcinoma']


abstract: Mucosal alterations of the fallopian tube are generally thought to represent alterations of the native tubal mucosal epithelium, whether benign or malignant. The current paradigm implicating the fallopian tube fimbriae as the origin of most pelvic high-grade serous @entity189 (HGSCs) is based on the premise that HGSC growing within the tubal mucosa originated there. This has fueled proposals to redefine classification rules for assigning the primary site of origin on the basis of the presence or absence of HGSC in the tubal mucosa. The corollary is that it is unlikely for @entity189 to @entity5274 . Evidence to support or refute this corollary is minimal, in part because the fallopian tubes historically have been ignored. This study reports the pattern and topography of 100 nongynecologic @entity5 that metastasized to the fallopian tubes. Most @entity5 were @entity420 (87%), and the remainder included @entity706 , and @entity2615 . The most common primary origins of @entity5 were the colon (35%) and breast (15%). Gross evidence of a tubal nodule or mass was only seen in 35% of cases. Ovarian @entity3 were present in 95% of cases, although 23% did not exhibit gross evidence of @entity3 . @entity5 involved the fimbriae in 49% of cases, including 10% of cases in which the @entity5 was restricted to the fimbriae without involving the nonfimbriated portion of the tube. The anatomic distribution of @entity3 included the tubal mucosa (29%), submucosa (43%), muscularis (54%), serosa (76%), lymphovascular spaces (38%), intraluminal space (16%), and mesonephric remnants (39%). The most common architectural pattern of @entity851 was a flat layer (22/29 cases), followed by varying degrees of stratification, tufting, and papillary growth. High-grade atypia was present in 18/29 cases of @entity851 , resulting in patterns that resembled primary tubal HGSC. Accompanying growth in the tubal submucosa frequently produced a pseudoinvasive pattern mimicking invasive tubal HGSC. Immunohistochemical expression of @entity876 by 8/18 high-grade mucosal @entity3 further contributed to the resemblance to primary tubal HGSC. Bland cytology was present in 11/29 cases of @entity851 , some of which also exhibited mucinous features, resulting in patterns that resembled either @entity4648 or nonmucinous @entity1373 . Although uncommon, it is possible for @entity3 of nongynecologic @entity5 to @entity5274 and create a potential diagnostic pitfall. Intramucosal growth of a @entity5 in the fallopian tube is not pathognomonic of a primary tubal origin of the @entity5 . These findings may carry implications for proposed criteria using the status of the fallopian tube mucosa to assign primary origin of a @entity5 .

title: Nongynecologic @entity5274 : a potential mimic of tubal high-grade serous @entity189 or nonmucinous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal growth']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas, neuroendocrine tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'gynecologic cancer', 'cancers', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['tubal hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'metastatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesotheliomas']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['grow within the mucosa of the fallopian tube', 'grow within fallopian tube mucosa']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['tubal mucinous metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1373 :: (MESH:D006965,Disease) :: ['hyperplasia']


abstract: Mucosal alterations of the fallopian tube are generally thought to represent alterations of the native tubal mucosal epithelium, whether benign or malignant. The current paradigm implicating the fallopian tube fimbriae as the origin of most pelvic high-grade serous @entity189 (HGSCs) is based on the premise that HGSC growing within the tubal mucosa originated there. This has fueled proposals to redefine classification rules for assigning the primary site of origin on the basis of the presence or absence of HGSC in the tubal mucosa. The corollary is that it is unlikely for @entity189 to @entity5274 . Evidence to support or refute this corollary is minimal, in part because the fallopian tubes historically have been ignored. This study reports the pattern and topography of 100 nongynecologic @entity5 that metastasized to the fallopian tubes. Most @entity5 were @entity420 (87%), and the remainder included @entity706 , and @entity2615 . The most common primary origins of @entity5 were the colon (35%) and breast (15%). Gross evidence of a tubal nodule or mass was only seen in 35% of cases. Ovarian @entity3 were present in 95% of cases, although 23% did not exhibit gross evidence of @entity3 . @entity5 involved the fimbriae in 49% of cases, including 10% of cases in which the @entity5 was restricted to the fimbriae without involving the nonfimbriated portion of the tube. The anatomic distribution of @entity3 included the tubal mucosa (29%), submucosa (43%), muscularis (54%), serosa (76%), lymphovascular spaces (38%), intraluminal space (16%), and mesonephric remnants (39%). The most common architectural pattern of @entity851 was a flat layer (22/29 cases), followed by varying degrees of stratification, tufting, and papillary growth. High-grade atypia was present in 18/29 cases of @entity851 , resulting in patterns that resembled primary tubal HGSC. Accompanying growth in the tubal submucosa frequently produced a pseudoinvasive pattern mimicking invasive tubal HGSC. Immunohistochemical expression of @entity876 by 8/18 high-grade mucosal @entity3 further contributed to the resemblance to primary tubal HGSC. Bland cytology was present in 11/29 cases of @entity851 , some of which also exhibited mucinous features, resulting in patterns that resembled either @entity4648 or nonmucinous @entity1373 . Although uncommon, it is possible for @entity3 of nongynecologic @entity5 to @entity5274 and create a potential diagnostic pitfall. Intramucosal growth of a @entity5 in the fallopian tube is not pathognomonic of a primary tubal origin of the @entity5 . These findings may carry implications for proposed criteria using the status of the fallopian tube mucosa to assign primary origin of a @entity5 .

title: Nongynecologic @entity5274 : a potential mimic of tubal high-grade serous XXXX or nonmucinous @entity1373 .

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma and benign tubal mucinous metaplasia']


abstract: Mucosal alterations of the fallopian tube are generally thought to represent alterations of the native tubal mucosal epithelium, whether benign or malignant. The current paradigm implicating the fallopian tube fimbriae as the origin of most pelvic high-grade serous @entity189 (HGSCs) is based on the premise that HGSC growing within the tubal mucosa originated there. This has fueled proposals to redefine classification rules for assigning the primary site of origin on the basis of the presence or absence of HGSC in the tubal mucosa. The corollary is that it is unlikely for @entity189 to @entity5274 . Evidence to support or refute this corollary is minimal, in part because the fallopian tubes historically have been ignored. This study reports the pattern and topography of 100 nongynecologic @entity5 that metastasized to the fallopian tubes. Most @entity5 were @entity420 (87%), and the remainder included @entity706 , and @entity2615 . The most common primary origins of @entity5 were the colon (35%) and breast (15%). Gross evidence of a tubal nodule or mass was only seen in 35% of cases. Ovarian @entity3 were present in 95% of cases, although 23% did not exhibit gross evidence of @entity3 . @entity5 involved the fimbriae in 49% of cases, including 10% of cases in which the @entity5 was restricted to the fimbriae without involving the nonfimbriated portion of the tube. The anatomic distribution of @entity3 included the tubal mucosa (29%), submucosa (43%), muscularis (54%), serosa (76%), lymphovascular spaces (38%), intraluminal space (16%), and mesonephric remnants (39%). The most common architectural pattern of @entity851 was a flat layer (22/29 cases), followed by varying degrees of stratification, tufting, and papillary growth. High-grade atypia was present in 18/29 cases of @entity851 , resulting in patterns that resembled primary tubal HGSC. Accompanying growth in the tubal submucosa frequently produced a pseudoinvasive pattern mimicking invasive tubal HGSC. Immunohistochemical expression of @entity876 by 8/18 high-grade mucosal @entity3 further contributed to the resemblance to primary tubal HGSC. Bland cytology was present in 11/29 cases of @entity851 , some of which also exhibited mucinous features, resulting in patterns that resembled either @entity4648 or nonmucinous @entity1373 . Although uncommon, it is possible for @entity3 of nongynecologic @entity5 to @entity5274 and create a potential diagnostic pitfall. Intramucosal growth of a @entity5 in the fallopian tube is not pathognomonic of a primary tubal origin of the @entity5 . These findings may carry implications for proposed criteria using the status of the fallopian tube mucosa to assign primary origin of a @entity5 .

title: Nongynecologic XXXX : a potential mimic of tubal high-grade serous @entity189 or nonmucinous @entity1373 .

answer: @entity5274 :: (MESH:D005184,Disease) :: ['metastases to fallopian tube mucosa']


abstract: @entity750 and @entity8586 ( @entity6140 ) play a role in the short-term inhibition of food intake. It is known that peripheral injection of @entity6140 increases @entity5019 -immunoreactivity (Fos-IR) in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in @entity35 , and injection of the @entity750 antagonist @entity3974 decreases the number of @entity5019 -IR cells in the NTS. This supports the idea of @entity750 contributing to the effects of @entity6140 . The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether peripherally injected @entity6140 -8S modulates the concentration of @entity750 in brain feeding-regulatory nuclei. Ad libitum fed male @entity35 received 5.2 and 8.7 nmol/kg @entity6140 -8S (n=3/group) or 0.15M NaCl (n=3-5/group) injected intraperitoneally (ip). The number of @entity5019 -IR neurons, and the fluorescence intensity of @entity750 in nerve fibers were assessed in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), @entity1019 ( @entity1019 ), NTS and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus ( @entity18296 ). @entity6140 -8S increased the number of @entity5019 -ir neurons in the NTS (mean  SEM: 72  4, and 112  5 neurons/section, respectively) compared to vehicle-treated @entity35 (7  2 neurons/section, P<0.05), but did not modulate @entity5019 expression in the @entity18296 or @entity1019 . Additionally, @entity6140 -8S dose-dependently increased the number of @entity5019 -positive neurons in the PVN (218  15 and 128  14, respectively vs. 19  5, P<0.05). In the NTS and @entity18296 we observed a decrease of @entity750 -immunoreactivity 90 min after injection of @entity6140 -8S (46  2 and 49  8 pixel/section, respectively) compared to vehicle (81  8 pixel/section, P<0.05). No changes of @entity750 -immunoreactivity were observed in the PVN and @entity1019 . Our results suggest that @entity750 is involved in the mediation of @entity6140 -8's effects in the brainstem.

title: Peripheral injected XXXX -8S modulates the concentration of @entity750 in nerve fibers of the @entity35 brainstem.

entities_list: @entity3974 :: ('MESH:D017294', 'Chemical') :: ['ondansetron']

entities_list: @entity8586 :: ('MESH:D002766', 'Chemical') :: ['cholecystokinin']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin', 'Serotonin']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity1019 :: ('MESH:D012607', 'Disease') :: ['ARC', 'arcuate nucleus']

answer: @entity8586 :: (MESH:D002766,Chemical) :: ['cholecystokinin']


abstract: @entity750 and @entity8586 ( @entity6140 ) play a role in the short-term inhibition of food intake. It is known that peripheral injection of @entity6140 increases @entity5019 -immunoreactivity (Fos-IR) in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in @entity35 , and injection of the @entity750 antagonist @entity3974 decreases the number of @entity5019 -IR cells in the NTS. This supports the idea of @entity750 contributing to the effects of @entity6140 . The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether peripherally injected @entity6140 -8S modulates the concentration of @entity750 in brain feeding-regulatory nuclei. Ad libitum fed male @entity35 received 5.2 and 8.7 nmol/kg @entity6140 -8S (n=3/group) or 0.15M NaCl (n=3-5/group) injected intraperitoneally (ip). The number of @entity5019 -IR neurons, and the fluorescence intensity of @entity750 in nerve fibers were assessed in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), @entity1019 ( @entity1019 ), NTS and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus ( @entity18296 ). @entity6140 -8S increased the number of @entity5019 -ir neurons in the NTS (mean  SEM: 72  4, and 112  5 neurons/section, respectively) compared to vehicle-treated @entity35 (7  2 neurons/section, P<0.05), but did not modulate @entity5019 expression in the @entity18296 or @entity1019 . Additionally, @entity6140 -8S dose-dependently increased the number of @entity5019 -positive neurons in the PVN (218  15 and 128  14, respectively vs. 19  5, P<0.05). In the NTS and @entity18296 we observed a decrease of @entity750 -immunoreactivity 90 min after injection of @entity6140 -8S (46  2 and 49  8 pixel/section, respectively) compared to vehicle (81  8 pixel/section, P<0.05). No changes of @entity750 -immunoreactivity were observed in the PVN and @entity1019 . Our results suggest that @entity750 is involved in the mediation of @entity6140 -8's effects in the brainstem.

title: Peripheral injected @entity8586 -8S modulates the concentration of XXXX in nerve fibers of the @entity35 brainstem.

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: @entity750 and @entity8586 ( @entity6140 ) play a role in the short-term inhibition of food intake. It is known that peripheral injection of @entity6140 increases @entity5019 -immunoreactivity (Fos-IR) in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in @entity35 , and injection of the @entity750 antagonist @entity3974 decreases the number of @entity5019 -IR cells in the NTS. This supports the idea of @entity750 contributing to the effects of @entity6140 . The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether peripherally injected @entity6140 -8S modulates the concentration of @entity750 in brain feeding-regulatory nuclei. Ad libitum fed male @entity35 received 5.2 and 8.7 nmol/kg @entity6140 -8S (n=3/group) or 0.15M NaCl (n=3-5/group) injected intraperitoneally (ip). The number of @entity5019 -IR neurons, and the fluorescence intensity of @entity750 in nerve fibers were assessed in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), @entity1019 ( @entity1019 ), NTS and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus ( @entity18296 ). @entity6140 -8S increased the number of @entity5019 -ir neurons in the NTS (mean  SEM: 72  4, and 112  5 neurons/section, respectively) compared to vehicle-treated @entity35 (7  2 neurons/section, P<0.05), but did not modulate @entity5019 expression in the @entity18296 or @entity1019 . Additionally, @entity6140 -8S dose-dependently increased the number of @entity5019 -positive neurons in the PVN (218  15 and 128  14, respectively vs. 19  5, P<0.05). In the NTS and @entity18296 we observed a decrease of @entity750 -immunoreactivity 90 min after injection of @entity6140 -8S (46  2 and 49  8 pixel/section, respectively) compared to vehicle (81  8 pixel/section, P<0.05). No changes of @entity750 -immunoreactivity were observed in the PVN and @entity1019 . Our results suggest that @entity750 is involved in the mediation of @entity6140 -8's effects in the brainstem.

title: Peripheral injected @entity8586 -8S modulates the concentration of @entity750 in nerve fibers of the XXXX brainstem.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) of natural or synthetic origin can interfere with the balance of the hormonal system, either by altering hormone production, secretion, transport, or their binding and consequently lead to an adverse outcome in intact animals. An important aspect is the prediction of effects of combined exposure to two or more EDCs at the same time. The @entity375 @entity172 assay (YES) is a broadly used method to assess estrogenic potential of chemicals. Besides exhibiting good predictivity to identify compounds which interfere with the @entity172 receptor, it is easy to handle, rapid and therefore allows screening of a large number of single compounds and varying mixtures. Herein, we applied the YES assay to determine the potential combination effects of binary mixtures of two estrogenic compounds, @entity8241 and @entity670 , as well as one classical @entity342 that in vitro also exhibits estrogenic activity, @entity28189 . In addition to generating data from combined exposure, we fitted these to a four-parametric logistic dose-response model. As all compounds tested share the same mode of action dose additivity was expected. To assess this, the Loewe model was utilized. Deviations between the Loewe additivity model and the observed responses were always small and global tests based on the whole dose-response data set indicated in general a good fit of the Loewe additivity model. At low concentrations concentration additivity was observed, while at high concentrations, the observed effect was lower than additivity, most likely reflecting receptor saturation. In conclusion, our results suggest that binary combinations of @entity670 , @entity8241 and @entity28189 in the YES assay do not deviate from expected additivity.

title: Effect of estrogenic binary mixtures in the @entity375 XXXX screen (YES).

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['genistein']

entities_list: @entity28189 :: ('MESH:D014204', 'Chemical') :: ['trenbolone']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity8241 :: ('MESH:C006780', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphenol A']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) of natural or synthetic origin can interfere with the balance of the hormonal system, either by altering hormone production, secretion, transport, or their binding and consequently lead to an adverse outcome in intact animals. An important aspect is the prediction of effects of combined exposure to two or more EDCs at the same time. The @entity375 @entity172 assay (YES) is a broadly used method to assess estrogenic potential of chemicals. Besides exhibiting good predictivity to identify compounds which interfere with the @entity172 receptor, it is easy to handle, rapid and therefore allows screening of a large number of single compounds and varying mixtures. Herein, we applied the YES assay to determine the potential combination effects of binary mixtures of two estrogenic compounds, @entity8241 and @entity670 , as well as one classical @entity342 that in vitro also exhibits estrogenic activity, @entity28189 . In addition to generating data from combined exposure, we fitted these to a four-parametric logistic dose-response model. As all compounds tested share the same mode of action dose additivity was expected. To assess this, the Loewe model was utilized. Deviations between the Loewe additivity model and the observed responses were always small and global tests based on the whole dose-response data set indicated in general a good fit of the Loewe additivity model. At low concentrations concentration additivity was observed, while at high concentrations, the observed effect was lower than additivity, most likely reflecting receptor saturation. In conclusion, our results suggest that binary combinations of @entity670 , @entity8241 and @entity28189 in the YES assay do not deviate from expected additivity.

title: Effect of estrogenic binary mixtures in the XXXX @entity172 screen (YES).

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: Abstract @entity1423 ( @entity1423 ) to @entity1397 has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs) may be prothrombotic and contribute to the risk of recurrent events observed in @entity1 with @entity1423 . However, PMVs may also serve as biomarkers and be used to assess platelet function. We investigated the association between platelet responses to @entity1397 (measured by whole blood impedance aggregometry) and circulating PMVs in @entity1 with @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). Blood samples were obtained at discharge from 200 @entity1 with @entity1187 who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). All @entity1 were loaded with @entity117 and @entity1397 before PCI. @entity857 -induced whole blood impedance aggregometry and measurement of PMVs were performed. Cut-off values for @entity1423 and other reactivity (i.e. normal on-treatment reactivity, NPR and low on-treatment reactivity, LPR) to @entity1397 were set according to data from large prospective studies. We measured PMVs as phosphatidylserine and @entity17432 positive vesicles, together with @entity8729 or @entity11603 , using flow cytometry. @entity857 -induced platelet aggregation revealed that approximately 20% of @entity1 had @entity1423 . Levels of PMVs were almost two-fold higher in the @entity1423 group compared with @entity1 without @entity1423 (for both @entity17432 - and @entity8729 -positive PMVs, p   <   0.01). Furthermore, @entity1 with LPR to @entity1397 had significantly fewer PMVs exposing @entity8729 than @entity1 with @entity1423 or those with NPR to @entity1397 . @entity1 with @entity1423 during @entity1397 treatment have elevated levels of circulating PMVs, indicating ongoing platelet activation despite @entity1397 treatment. Moreover, in @entity1 with LPR to @entity1397 , circulating @entity22844 numbers are decreased. Taken together, our data suggest that PMVs are potential biomarkers of antiplatelet responses to @entity1397 . If PMVs also have prognostic value after, @entity1187 should be tested in future studies.

title: Association between platelet reactivity and circulating platelet-derived microvesicles in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['High on-treatment platelet reactivity', 'HPR']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']