abstract: This report compares the DNA content distribution of normal @entity1 brain tissue and of @entity5 of the brain. The cells were obtained from seven normal specimens and from fourteen types of @entity1313 of 79 @entity1 . The DNA content was determined by flow cytometry on single cell suspensions. @entity2667 was used as DNA-intercalating fluorochrome. Normal, non-stimulated lymphocytes served as diploid controls. The proportions of diploid cells in G1 ranged from 78% to 93% and from 80% to 95% in the normal cortex and normal white matter, respectively. In the specimens of @entity1313 the range was from 70% to 98%. Histograms with a single, diploid peak was obtained with the specimens from cases of @entity362 , @entity6872 , most @entity1653 and around one-half of the cases of @entity808 and @entity816 . Two peaks were seen with a few cases of @entity1653 and the remaining cases of @entity808 and @entity816 . With the @entity977 and @entity976 , in addition to the diploid peak, cells in the 4C and 8C ranges were also observed.

title: [Flow cytometric studies of @entity1 @entity1313 . Part 2: XXXX @entity1313 (author's transl)].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND:    Recent population-based cohort studies have questioned the role of pneumococci as the most frequent pathogen causing severe @entity281 in @entity1 after splenectomy. The aim of the study was to define the causative pathogens and clinical presentation of @entity1 with @entity281 ( @entity281 ). METHODS:    In a prospective cohort study in 173 German intensive care units, we searched for @entity1 with and without @entity4032 and community-acquired severe @entity295 / @entity326 . Clinical and laboratory variables and survival of @entity1 were assessed. RESULTS:    Fifty-two @entity1 with severe @entity295 or @entity326 with @entity4032 and 52 without @entity4032 were included. @entity281 @entity1 more often had a history of @entity5 (38% vs 17%; P = .016) and had a lower body mass index (24 kg/m(2) vs 28 kg/m(2); P = .004). @entity328 was detected more frequently in @entity281 @entity1 (42% vs 12% without @entity4032 ; P < .001) and more frequently manifested as @entity281 (31% vs 6%; P = .002). Gram-negative @entity281 was similar in both groups (12% vs 19%; P = .157). Pneumococcal vaccine coverage of @entity281 @entity1 was low overall (42% vs 8% among @entity1 without @entity4032 ; P < .001). Purpura fulminans was a frequent complication, developing in 19% of @entity281 @entity1 vs 5% of @entity1 without @entity4032 (P = .038). The interval between splenectomy and @entity281 was 6 years (range, 1 month-50 years). On multivariable Poisson regression, @entity4032 was the only predictive variable independently associated with @entity295 (adjusted relative risk, 2.53 [95% confidence interval, 1.06-6.08]). CONCLUSIONS:    @entity7706 remain the most important cause of severe @entity295 and @entity326 following splenectomy.

title: Overwhelming XXXX : A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'pneumococcal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity7706 :: ('MESH:D011008', 'Disease') :: ['Pneumococcal infections']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'bloodstream infection', 'OPSI', 'overwhelming postsplenectomy infection']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['Postsplenectomy Infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Prophylactic aortic root replacement improves survival in @entity1 with @entity1614 with @entity449 , but the optimal procedure remains undefined. METHODS: Adult @entity1 with @entity1614 who had Bentall or aortic valve-sparing root replacement (VSRR) procedures between 1997 and 2013 were identified. Comprehensive follow-up information was obtained from hospital charts and telephone contact. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-five adult @entity1 with @entity1614 (aged  >  20  years) had either VSRR (n  =  98; 69 reimplantation, 29 remodeling) or Bentall (n  =  67) procedures. @entity1 undergoing Bentall procedure were older (median, 37 vs 36  years; P  =  .03), had larger median preoperative sinus diameter (5.5  cm vs 5.0  cm; P  =  .003), more @entity1580 (25.4% vs 4.1%; P  <  .001), higher incidence of moderate or severe @entity337 (49.3% vs 14.4%; P  <  .001) and more urgent or emergent operations (24.6% vs 3.3%; P  <  .001). There were no hospital deaths and 9 late deaths in more than 17  years of follow-up (median, 7.8 deaths). Ten-year survival was 90.5% in @entity1 undergoing Bentall procedure and 96.3% in @entity1 undergoing VSRR (P  =  .10). Multivariable analysis revealed that VSRR was associated with fewer @entity1031 or hemorrhagic events (hazard ratio, 0.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.85; P  =  .03). There was no independent difference in long-term survival, freedom from reoperation, or freedom from @entity884 between the 2 procedures. CONCLUSIONS: After prophylactic root replacement in @entity1 with @entity1614 , @entity1 undergoing Bentall and valve-sparing procedures have similar late survival, freedom from root reoperation, and freedom from @entity884 . However, valve-sparing procedures result in significantly fewer @entity1031 and hemorrhagic events.

title: Long-term outcomes of aortic root operations for XXXX : A comparison of Bentall versus aortic valve-sparing procedures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic root aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ['Marfan syndrome']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissections']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity1614 :: (MESH:D008382,Disease) :: ['Marfan syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective: This study evaluated the outcome of @entity1 exposed to @entity3812 during lactation. Subjects and Methods: A prospective observational cohort study design was used. Mothers who contacted Beilinson Teratology Information Service (BELTIS) regarding use of @entity3812 while breastfeeding were followed up by phone interview. Data on lactation, neonatal symptoms, and outcome 1-3 years after initial consultation were obtained. Mothers breastfeeding while taking @entity3812 (n=37) and their @entity1 (n=38) were compared with a matched control group of mothers using a drug known to be safe during lactation (n=75) and their @entity1 (n=76). Results: Follow-up was obtained for 59 of 76 (78%) @entity1 who contacted BELTIS regarding use of @entity3812 . Of the 59 @entity1 , 37 breastfed while taking @entity3812 , five did not take @entity3812 , 16 did not breastfeed, and one declined to participate. The mean duration of breastfeeding was similar in both groups. @entity304 were seen in three of 38 @entity3812 -exposed @entity1 versus four of 76 of control group @entity1 (p=0.68). @entity245 or @entity16 were seen in two @entity1 in both study groups (p=0.60). None of the @entity3812 -exposed @entity1 showed abnormal growth. Conclusions: No increase in adverse long-term outcomes was found in @entity3812 -exposed breastfed @entity1 . Our data support continuation of breastfeeding in @entity1 treated with @entity3812 .

title: XXXX Use During Breastfeeding.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['Adverse neonatal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['Delayed development']

entities_list: @entity3812 :: ('MESH:D003078', 'Chemical') :: ['colchicine']

answer: @entity3812 :: (MESH:D003078,Chemical) :: ['Colchicine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Survivors of severe @entity131 have a great variety of impairments and participation restrictions. Detailed descriptions of their long-term outcome are critical. We aimed to assess @entity1545 outcome for subjects with @entity131 in terms of the International classification of functioning, disability and health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four-year follow-up of an inception cohort of adults with severe @entity131 by using face-to-face interviews with @entity1 and proxies. RESULTS: Among 245  survivors at 4  years, 147 were evaluated (80% male, mean age: 32.5  14.2  years at injury); 46 (32%) presented severe disability, 58 (40%) moderate disability, and 40 (28%) good recovery. Most frequent somatic problems were fatigue, @entity10 , other @entity158 , and balance. One quarter of subjects had @entity73 . Rates of cognitive complaints ranged from 25 to 68%, the most frequent being memory, @entity146 , @entity73 and concentration. With the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale, 43% had @entity148 and 25% @entity308 . Overall, 79% were independent in daily living activities and 40 to 50% needed help for outdoor or organizational activities on the BICRO-39. Most had regular contacts with relatives or close friends but few contacts with colleagues or new acquaintances. Subjects spent little time in productive activities such as working, studying, looking after @entity1 or voluntary work. Quality of life on the QOLIBRI scale was associated with disability level (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Management of late @entity1545 needs to focus on cognitive difficulties, particularly social skills, to enhance @entity1 participation in life.

title: A comprehensive picture of 4-year outcome of severe XXXX . Results from the PariS-TBI study.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['motor impairments', 'slowness']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injuries']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a case of transient @entity393 after laser photocoagulation for peripheral retinal tear. @entity393 is one of the lesser known and less common complications of peripheral retinal laser photocoagulation. In fact, only a few works concerning this issue have been published so far. @entity51 has been described only after extensive laser treatment of the peripheral retina. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case that reports this complication after treatment limited to a small retinal area. We discuss the possible pathogenetic mechanism of this phenomenon. CASE REPORT: A 25-year-old healthy myopic @entity1 came to the eye clinic for flashes and floaters in her right eye. Fundus evaluation revealed a small horseshoe retinal tear at the 6 o'clock position. She was treated with prophylactic retinal laser barrage in the right eye. Twelve days later, she returned to our Retinal Clinic because of @entity227 . The problem started soon after the laser procedure. On examination, her distance visual acuity was 20/20 wearing her glasses. The @entity1 could read J1+ at 33 cm with the left eye and required a +3.00D addition over her corrective lens to read J1+ with the right eye. The accommodative disturbance resolved itself spontaneously and gradually within 3 months of laser treatment. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that transient @entity393 , although rare, should be included during pretreatment discussion with young @entity1 regarding the possible side effects of laser photocoagulation, even if this is limited to a small area of the peripheral retina.

title: Transient XXXX After Laser Barrage for Retinal Tear.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['Deficit of accommodation']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of accommodation', 'Loss of accommodation']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['difficulty with near vision']

answer: @entity51 :: (MESH:D009461,Disease) :: ['Deficit of Accommodation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has recently been suggested that non-reflex behavioral readouts, such as burrowing, may be used to evaluate the efficacy of analgesics in rodent models of @entity158 . OBJECTIVE: To confirm whether intraplantar Complete Freund's Adjuvant ( @entity3795 )-induced @entity158 reliably results in @entity51 which can be ameliorated by clinically efficacious analgesics as previously suggested. METHODS: Uni- or bilateral intraplantar @entity3795 injections were performed in male @entity35 Han @entity35 . The time- and concentration-response of @entity51 and the ability of various analgesics to reinstate burrowing performance were studied. An anxiolytic was also tested to evaluate the motivational cue that drives this behavior. RESULTS: @entity51 were dependent on the concentration of @entity3795 injected, most pronounced 24h after @entity3795 injections and even more pronounced after bilateral compared with unilateral injections. @entity12698 and @entity5018 reversed @entity3795 -induced @entity51 whereas @entity3352 failed to significantly reinstate burrowing performance. @entity1286 and @entity1340 failed to reinstate burrowing performance, but sedation was observed in control @entity35 at doses thought to be efficacious. An antibody directed against the nerve growth factor significantly improved @entity3795 -induced @entity51 . Neither @entity2682 nor the anxiolytic @entity3175 reinstated burrowing performance and the opportunity to find shelter did not modify burrowing performance. CONCLUSION: Burrowing is an innate behavior reliably exhibited by @entity35 . It is suppressed in a model of @entity158 and differently reinstated by clinically efficacious analgesics that lack motor impairing side effects, but not an anxiolytic, suggesting that this assay is suitable for the assessment of analgesic efficacy of novel drugs.

title: Pharmacological characterization of intraplantar Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['Celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity2682 :: ('MESH:C040029', 'Chemical') :: ['gabapentin']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['burrowing deficits', 'Burrowing deficits']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['Morphine']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity51 :: (MESH:D009461,Disease) :: ['burrowing deficits']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of @entity7135 ( @entity7135 ) in Qu  bec, Canada, has been dominated in the past decade by a clone of serogroup B (MenB) @entity3631 defined by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) as sequence type (ST)-269. With the licensure of a new MenB vaccine Bexsero (4CMenB) in Canada, this study characterized invasive @entity3631 recovered in Qu  bec from 2009 to 2013, with an objective to examine the diversity of the 4CMenB vaccine antigens. Isolates were serogrouped by antisera and genogrouped by PCR, and further typed by whole cell ELISA for serotype and serosubtype antigens. Clonal analysis was done by MLST. Isolates were genotyped by analysis of their 4CMenB vaccine antigen genes of PorA, factor H binding protein (fHbp), Neisserial Heparin Binding Antigen (NHBA), and Neisseria Adhesin A (NadA). RESULTS: Of the 263 @entity7135 isolates analysed, 229, 16, 10, 7, and 1 belonged to MenB, MenY, MenW, MenC, and MenX, respectively. Of the 229 MenB, 159 (69.4 %) were typed as ST-269 clonal complex (CC); and they possessed a restricted number of three fHbp and five nhba gene alleles. Nine @entity3631 isolates (eight MenB and one MenY) were found to possess at least one gene that encoded for an antigen that matched exactly with protein variants in the 4CMenB vaccine. Two MenB expressed PorA antigen P1.4 and possessed the nhba gene for peptide 2; four other MenB were predicted to have NHBA peptide 2; another two MenB were predicted to encode fHbp peptide 1.1; and a single MenY was found to have nadA gene for NadA peptide 8. In addition, another 172 isolates were found to possess genes for variant 1 fHbp peptides other than peptide 1.1 or NadA variant 1-2/3 peptides other than peptide 8; and therefore, may potentially be covered by 4CMenB. CONCLUSION: The most prevalent clone of @entity3631 in Quebec was ST-269 CC; and 96 % of the isolates in this CC were predicted to be covered by 4CMenB vaccine. Extensive genetic diversity was found in the other @entity7135 isolates in Qu  bec which might suggest a lower coverage by the vaccine when compared to the ST-269 MenB.

title: Characterization of invasive XXXX strains from Qu  bec, Canada, during a period of increased serogroup B disease, 2009-2013: phenotyping and genotyping with special emphasis on the non-carbohydrate protein vaccine targets.

entities_list: @entity3631 :: ('487', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria meningitidis', 'N. meningitidis']

entities_list: @entity7135 :: ('MESH:D008589', 'Disease') :: ['IMD', 'invasive meningococcal disease']

answer: @entity3631 :: (487,Species) :: ['Neisseria meningitidis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Compared with other platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, pemetrexed plus platinum is more effective and tolerable as the first-line treatment for nonsquamous @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). Thus, we examined the feasibility of using thoracic radiotherapy combined with concurrent full-dose pemetrexed as the first-line treatment for advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 @entity1 . From January 2009 to July 2012, 41 @entity1 with stage IIIB or IV nonsquamous @entity1149 were treated with full-dose pemetrexed plus cisplatin as the first-line chemotherapy combined with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy, with or without radiotherapy for @entity3 . The status of mutations in the @entity470 was unknown before the treatment, and no tyrosine-kinase inhibitor and cytotoxic drug maintenance therapy were administered to the @entity1 after the chemotherapy. The median follow-up duration was 26.3 months (range, 5.8-57.5 months). Twenty-one @entity1 had stage IIIB disease (19 with stage N3-IIIB). Of the 20 @entity1 with stage IV disease, 16 had oligometastases ( <=5) and four had polymetastases. The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 4. The median radiation dose was 60   Gy. Thirty-six @entity1 received radical doses of radiotherapy. @entity137 were highly tolerated. The median progression-free survival was 12 months and the median overall survival was 32 months. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates were 87.5, 67.1, and 43.4%, respectively. As the first-line treatment for selected @entity1 with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 , thoracic radiotherapy combined with concurrent full-dose pemetrexed plus cisplatin was safe and highly tolerable. In addition, the survival rate was encouraging. Prospective clinical trials are needed to verify the results.

title: Full-dose pemetrexed plus cisplatin combined with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy for previously untreated advanced nonsquamous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicities']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity602 ( @entity602 ) is a technique used worldwide to treat several types of chronic @entity9 refractory to any conservative treatment. The aim of this data collection is to enforce evidence of @entity602 effectiveness on neuropathic @entity1118 reported in the literature and to speculate on the usefulness of the trial period in determining the long-term efficacy. Moreover, the very low percentage of undesired side effects and complications reported in our case series suggests that all implants should be performed by similarly well-trained and experienced professionals. METHOD: A multicentric data collection on a common database from 11 Italian neurosurgical departments started 3   years ago. Two different types of electrodes (paddle or percutaneous leads) were used. Of 122 @entity1 , 73  % (N   =   89) were submitted to a trial period, while the remaining @entity1 underwent the immediate permanent implant (N   =   33). Statistical comparisons of continuous variables between groups were performed. RESULTS: Most of the @entity1 (80  %) had predominant @entity158 to their lower limbs, while only 17  % of @entity1 had prevalent @entity158 . Significant reduction in @entity158 , as measured by variation in visual analogue scale (VAS) score, was observed at least 1  year after implantation in 63.8  % of the cases, 59.5  % of @entity1 who underwent a test trial and 71.4  % of @entity1 who underwent permanent implant at once. No statistical differences were found between the lower-limb @entity158 group and the @entity158 group. CONCLUSIONS: No relevant differences in long-term outcomes were observed in previously tested @entity1 compared with @entity1 implanted at once. Through this analysis we hope to recruit new centres, to give more scientific value to our results.

title: Epidural spinal cord stimulation for XXXX : a neurosurgical multicentric Italian data collection and analysis.

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord stimulation', 'SCS']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'axial pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity9 :: (MESH:D009437,Disease) :: ['neuropathic pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous studies suggest @entity935 (DA) D2-like receptor involvement in the reinforcing effects of food. To determine contributions of the three D2-like receptor subtypes, knockout (KO) @entity19 completely lacking DA D2, D3, or D4 receptors (D2R, @entity53612 , or D4R KO @entity19 ) and their wild-type (WT) littermates were exposed to a series of fixed-ratio (FR) food-reinforcement schedules in two contexts: an open economy with additional food provided outside the experimental setting and a closed economy with all food earned within the experimental setting. A behavioral economic model was used to quantify reinforcer effectiveness with food pellets obtained as a function of price (FR schedule value) plotted to assess elasticity of demand. Under both economies, as price increased, food pellets obtained decreased more rapidly (ie, food demand was more elastic) in DA D2R KO @entity19 compared with WT littermates. Extinction of responding was studied in two contexts: by eliminating food deliveries and by delivering food independently of responding. A hyperbolic model quantified rates of extinction. Extinction in DA D2R KO @entity19 occurred less rapidly compared with WT @entity19 in both contexts. Elasticity of food demand was higher in DA D4R KO than WT @entity19 in the open, but not closed, economy. Extinction of responding in DA D4R KO @entity19 was not different from that in WT littermates in either context. No differences in elasticity of food demand or extinction rate were obtained in D3R KO @entity19 and WT littermates. These results indicate that the D2R is the primary DA D2-like receptor subtype mediating the reinforcing effectiveness of food.Neuropsychopharmacology advance online publication, 19 August 2015; doi:10.1038/npp.2015.223.

title: XXXX D2-Like Receptors and Behavioral Economics of Food Reinforcement.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity53612 :: ('p|SUB|D|3|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['D3R']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['Dopamine']


abstract: PURPOSE: Interpersonal relationships are viewed as important contexts within which psychopathology emerges and persists or desists. Attachment theory describes the dynamics of long-term relationships between @entity1 especially in families and lifelong friendships. The present study was aimed at investigating attachment styles in adult @entity1 with @entity302 as compared to subjects with @entity2704 and their potential correlates with a history of @entity1316 . METHODS: A consecutive sample of 219 adult outpatients with @entity302 (117) or @entity2704 (102) was assessed with the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity302 and a lifetime history of @entity1316 presented elevated scores for Need for approval (p<0.001) and Preoccupation with relationships (p<0.001). Age correlated with the Relationships as secondary (r=0.322; p<0.001) and Need for approval (r=0.217; p=0.019) subscales while age at onset correlated only with Relationships as secondary (r=0.225; p=0.015). @entity410 -free @entity1 presented lower scores for Need for approval (p=0.003). @entity1 with @entity2704 and a lifetime history of @entity1316 presented lower scores in Confidence (p=0.002) and higher scores in Discomfort with closeness (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: An anxious-preoccupied attachment correlated with @entity1316 in @entity302 while it was an avoidant pattern in @entity2704 . Our results bring further data on the role of psychological variables in @entity1316 in @entity302 . Further studies will allow early identification of @entity1 at risk and the development of preventive strategies.

title: Different attachment styles correlate with @entity1316 in adults with XXXX or @entity2704 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: PURPOSE: Interpersonal relationships are viewed as important contexts within which psychopathology emerges and persists or desists. Attachment theory describes the dynamics of long-term relationships between @entity1 especially in families and lifelong friendships. The present study was aimed at investigating attachment styles in adult @entity1 with @entity302 as compared to subjects with @entity2704 and their potential correlates with a history of @entity1316 . METHODS: A consecutive sample of 219 adult outpatients with @entity302 (117) or @entity2704 (102) was assessed with the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity302 and a lifetime history of @entity1316 presented elevated scores for Need for approval (p<0.001) and Preoccupation with relationships (p<0.001). Age correlated with the Relationships as secondary (r=0.322; p<0.001) and Need for approval (r=0.217; p=0.019) subscales while age at onset correlated only with Relationships as secondary (r=0.225; p=0.015). @entity410 -free @entity1 presented lower scores for Need for approval (p=0.003). @entity1 with @entity2704 and a lifetime history of @entity1316 presented lower scores in Confidence (p=0.002) and higher scores in Discomfort with closeness (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: An anxious-preoccupied attachment correlated with @entity1316 in @entity302 while it was an avoidant pattern in @entity2704 . Our results bring further data on the role of psychological variables in @entity1316 in @entity302 . Further studies will allow early identification of @entity1 at risk and the development of preventive strategies.

title: Different attachment styles correlate with XXXX in adults with @entity302 or @entity2704 .

answer: @entity1316 :: (MESH:D019964,Disease) :: ['mood disorders']


abstract: PURPOSE: Interpersonal relationships are viewed as important contexts within which psychopathology emerges and persists or desists. Attachment theory describes the dynamics of long-term relationships between @entity1 especially in families and lifelong friendships. The present study was aimed at investigating attachment styles in adult @entity1 with @entity302 as compared to subjects with @entity2704 and their potential correlates with a history of @entity1316 . METHODS: A consecutive sample of 219 adult outpatients with @entity302 (117) or @entity2704 (102) was assessed with the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity302 and a lifetime history of @entity1316 presented elevated scores for Need for approval (p<0.001) and Preoccupation with relationships (p<0.001). Age correlated with the Relationships as secondary (r=0.322; p<0.001) and Need for approval (r=0.217; p=0.019) subscales while age at onset correlated only with Relationships as secondary (r=0.225; p=0.015). @entity410 -free @entity1 presented lower scores for Need for approval (p=0.003). @entity1 with @entity2704 and a lifetime history of @entity1316 presented lower scores in Confidence (p=0.002) and higher scores in Discomfort with closeness (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: An anxious-preoccupied attachment correlated with @entity1316 in @entity302 while it was an avoidant pattern in @entity2704 . Our results bring further data on the role of psychological variables in @entity1316 in @entity302 . Further studies will allow early identification of @entity1 at risk and the development of preventive strategies.

title: Different attachment styles correlate with @entity1316 in adults with @entity302 or XXXX .

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migraine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We present two rare cases of @entity979 . These @entity5 are the first reported cases of dura-unrelated @entity1653 originating from the arachnoid membrane over the vein of Galen (AMG). CASE DESCRIPTION: In Case 1, a 37-year-old @entity1 presented with a progressing @entity10 . Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large @entity5 in the pineal region, displacing the vein of Galen upward. Angiography disclosed occlusion of the vein of Galen, with deep venous flow draining through the veins on the right medial surface of the occipital lobe to the superior sagittal sinus. In Case 2, a 67-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity1296 . MRI demonstrated a large mass in the pineal region, displacing the vein of Galen inferiorly. Angiography disclosed occlusion of the vein of Galen, with deep venous flow draining through the collateral venous channel into the transverse sinus. Both @entity5 were totally excised (Simpson Grade III for Case 1, Grade I for Case 2) via a left occipital transtentorial approach. No dural attachment was recognized in either case, but the @entity5 in Case 1 was firmly adherent to the inferior portion of the AMG, while that in Case 2 was attached to the superior portion of the AMG, but remained dissectible. CONCLUSIONS: We reported two cases of @entity979 originating from the arachnoid membrane over the vein of Galen, resulting in @entity1653 without dural attachment. These @entity5 can be totally resected by careful dissection of the @entity5 from the arachnoid membrane surrounding the vein of Galen.

title: Two cases of XXXX derived from arachnoid membrane over the vein of Galen without dural attachment.

entities_list: @entity979 :: ('MESH:D010871', 'Disease') :: ['pineal-region meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity979 :: (MESH:D010871,Disease) :: ['pineal-region meningiomas']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential diagnostic and prognostic role of @entity1570 ( @entity1570 ) in Chinese @entity1 with @entity64 ( @entity64 ). All consecutive @entity1 with first-ever @entity64 from January 2014 to August 2014 were recruited to participate in the study. @entity1570 and NIH @entity64 Scale were measured at the time of admission. Short-term functional outcome was measured by modified Rankin scale 3 months after admission. Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the accuracy of serum @entity1570 in diagnosing @entity64 and prognosing functional outcome. From 375 screened @entity1 , a total of 288 @entity1 with first-ever @entity64 were included in this study. Based on the ROC curve, the optimal cutoff value of serum @entity1570 levels as an indicator for auxiliary diagnosis of @entity64 was projected to be 3.5 ng/mL, which yielded a sensitivity of 88.1 % and a specificity of 73.5 %, with the area under the curve at 0.907 (95 % CI 0.882-0.932). In multivariate analysis, there was an increased risk of unfavorable outcome associated with serum @entity1570 levels >= 7.6 ng/mL (OR 4.356, 95 % CI 2.993-7.132, P < 0.0001) after adjusting for possible confounders. Our study demonstrated that elevated serum @entity1570 level at admission was an independent diagnostic and prognostic marker in @entity1 with @entity64 .

title: The diagnostic and prognostic value of serum XXXX levels in @entity1 with ischemic stroke.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['acute ischemic stroke', 'AIS', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity1570 :: ('6387', 'Gene') :: ['CXCL12', 'CXC chemokine ligand-12']

answer: @entity1570 :: (6387,Gene) :: ['CXCL12']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential diagnostic and prognostic role of @entity1570 ( @entity1570 ) in Chinese @entity1 with @entity64 ( @entity64 ). All consecutive @entity1 with first-ever @entity64 from January 2014 to August 2014 were recruited to participate in the study. @entity1570 and NIH @entity64 Scale were measured at the time of admission. Short-term functional outcome was measured by modified Rankin scale 3 months after admission. Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the accuracy of serum @entity1570 in diagnosing @entity64 and prognosing functional outcome. From 375 screened @entity1 , a total of 288 @entity1 with first-ever @entity64 were included in this study. Based on the ROC curve, the optimal cutoff value of serum @entity1570 levels as an indicator for auxiliary diagnosis of @entity64 was projected to be 3.5 ng/mL, which yielded a sensitivity of 88.1 % and a specificity of 73.5 %, with the area under the curve at 0.907 (95 % CI 0.882-0.932). In multivariate analysis, there was an increased risk of unfavorable outcome associated with serum @entity1570 levels >= 7.6 ng/mL (OR 4.356, 95 % CI 2.993-7.132, P < 0.0001) after adjusting for possible confounders. Our study demonstrated that elevated serum @entity1570 level at admission was an independent diagnostic and prognostic marker in @entity1 with @entity64 .

title: The diagnostic and prognostic value of serum @entity1570 levels in XXXX with ischemic stroke.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) in treating @entity356 (EGC) and @entity1613 in the remnant stomach of @entity1 after gastrectomy. METHODS: Clinical data of 36 @entity1 with EGC and @entity1613 in remnant stomach undergoing ESD in Endoscopy Center of Zhongshan Hospital from January 2008 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Operative, postoperative conditions and long-term follow-up of these @entity1 were evaluated. RESULTS: Both the success rate and the complete resection rate were 100%. The average maximum diameter of the @entity5 was 1.5(range 0.6-4.5) cm. During the ESD process, two @entity548 cases were treated successfully by endoscopic hemostasis. The average operation time was 40(10-80) min. The delayed @entity548 developed in 2 cases within 1-3 days after operation, and were also treated successfully by endoscopic hemostasis. There was no perforation or delayed perforation. No emergency surgery was required for the complication. Twelve cases were diagnosed as mild-moderate @entity1141 , 7 cases as high grade intraepithelial @entity5 , 16 cases as @entity1127 , and 1 case as @entity2580 with T1 stage, who underwent operation for resecting gastric stump and lymph node dissection 7 days after ESD without subsequent follow-up. The curative resection rate was 92.7%(35/36). The median follow-up of the remaining 35 @entity1 was 36(6-78) months without discomfort and recurrence under gastroscopy. CONCLUSION: ESD is safe and effective for EGC and @entity1613 in the remnant stomach.

title: [Efficacy analysis of @entity5 and XXXX in the remnant stomach].

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic polyps']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity2580 :: ('MESH:D018279', 'Disease') :: ['signet ring cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['early gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1613 :: (MESH:D011230,Disease) :: ['precancerous lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) in treating @entity356 (EGC) and @entity1613 in the remnant stomach of @entity1 after gastrectomy. METHODS: Clinical data of 36 @entity1 with EGC and @entity1613 in remnant stomach undergoing ESD in Endoscopy Center of Zhongshan Hospital from January 2008 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Operative, postoperative conditions and long-term follow-up of these @entity1 were evaluated. RESULTS: Both the success rate and the complete resection rate were 100%. The average maximum diameter of the @entity5 was 1.5(range 0.6-4.5) cm. During the ESD process, two @entity548 cases were treated successfully by endoscopic hemostasis. The average operation time was 40(10-80) min. The delayed @entity548 developed in 2 cases within 1-3 days after operation, and were also treated successfully by endoscopic hemostasis. There was no perforation or delayed perforation. No emergency surgery was required for the complication. Twelve cases were diagnosed as mild-moderate @entity1141 , 7 cases as high grade intraepithelial @entity5 , 16 cases as @entity1127 , and 1 case as @entity2580 with T1 stage, who underwent operation for resecting gastric stump and lymph node dissection 7 days after ESD without subsequent follow-up. The curative resection rate was 92.7%(35/36). The median follow-up of the remaining 35 @entity1 was 36(6-78) months without discomfort and recurrence under gastroscopy. CONCLUSION: ESD is safe and effective for EGC and @entity1613 in the remnant stomach.

title: [Efficacy analysis of XXXX and @entity1613 in the remnant stomach].

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['endoscopic submucosal dissection for the early cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1486 (PSA) screening is controversial, and little is known regarding a physician's effect on a @entity1 's decision to undergo screening. This study's objective was to evaluate the effect of a @entity1 's understanding of the risks and benefits of screening compared to the final recommendation of the provider on the @entity1 's decision to undergo PSA screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, @entity1 older than 55 years who did not have a history of @entity263 /prostate "problem" and who reported a PSA test within the preceding year were considered to have undergone screening. The percentages of @entity1 informed and not informed of the risks and benefits of screening and the percentage @entity1 receiving recommendations for PSA screening from their provider were reported. Multivariable complex-sample logistic regression calculated the odds of undergoing screening. RESULTS: In all, 75% of @entity1 were informed of screening benefits; however, 32% were informed of screening risks. After being informed of both, 56% of @entity1 opted for PSA screening if the provider recommended it, compared with only 21% when not recommended. @entity1 receiving a recommendation to undergo PSA testing had higher odds of undergoing screening (odds ratio [OR] = 4.98, 95% CI: 4.53-5.48) compared with those who were only informed about screening benefits (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 2.18-2.65) or risks (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98). Significant limitations include recall and nonresponse bias. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 ' decision to undergo or forgo PSA screening is heavily influenced by the recommendation of their physician; it is imperative that physicians are cognizant of their biases and facilitate a shared decision-making process.

title: The influence of physician recommendation on XXXX screening.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['Prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity1486 :: (354,Gene) :: ['prostate-specific antigen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To further elucidate the clinical and pathologic features of @entity8146 ( @entity8146 ) and its clinical spectrum. METHODS: Eight cases of @entity8146 were reviewed. The clinicopathologic profiles, immunophenotypes and outcome data were investigated. RESULTS: All 8 cases occurred in females with a mean age at presentation of 40 years (range, 13-69 years). Five @entity5 arose in the skin of the head and neck region and lower extremities, two in the long bones and one in the spleen. Clinically, the @entity1 presented with a slowly growing cutaneous plaque or subcutaneous nodule, @entity158 of the upper arm, and dull @entity158 and discomfort in the left hypochondrium respectively. Grossly, the @entity5 appeared as a non-encapsulated gray-yellowish to tan-brown mass with a mean diameter of 2.6 cm (range, 0.8-5.0 cm). On histology, it was composed of delicate branches of elongated vessels lined by a layer of hobnail or matchstick endothelium, exhibiting a retiform pattern with close resemblance of the normal rete testis. Cords or solid nests of epithelioid cells were noted adjacent to the well-formed vessels. In three cases, dilated vascular spaces with formation of intravascular papillary tufts were observed, features overlapping with @entity5 . There was usually marked lymphocytic infiltration in the stroma which was also hyalinized in some cases. One case had regional lymph node @entity3 . By immunohistochemistry, all cases consistently expressed endothelial markers, including @entity2279 (8/8), @entity1 @entity2801 (5/8), @entity2280 (5/7) and D2-40 (1/2). Two of six cases with follow-up information (18-67 months) developed local recurrences, but distant @entity3 was not identified. CONCLUSIONS: @entity8146 is a distinctive @entity5 of adulthood characterized by retiform growth of vessels with striking hobnail endothelium. Although the @entity5 occurs predominantly in the skin, the long bones and the spleen can be occasionally affected. The presence of @entity5 in @entity8146 may suggest a morphologic continuum between these two entities, comprising the family of @entity8146 . Familiarity with the characteristic features of this @entity5 of intermediate malignancy will help in the differential diagnosis of @entity1350 with hobnail endothelium.

title: [ XXXX : a clinicopathologic analysis of 8 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2801 :: ('2157', 'Gene') :: ['coagulation factor VIII']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Dabska tumor-like areas', 'vascular tumor', 'Dabska tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1350 :: ('MESH:D019043', 'Disease') :: ['vascular neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity8146 :: ('MESH:D006390', 'Disease') :: ['RH', 'retiform hemangioendothelioma', 'hobnail hemangioendothelioma']

answer: @entity8146 :: (MESH:D006390,Disease) :: ['Retiform hemangioendothelioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of traditional counseling and @entity1 -centered counseling, either alone or with recorded audio counseling reinforcement, on @entity726 knowledge and clinical follow-up. DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Newly diagnosed @entity726 @entity1 were randomized to 1 of 3 categories of @entity726 counseling: traditional counseling, @entity1 -centered counseling, or @entity1 -centered counseling with audio counseling reinforcement. Demographic and clinical information from each subject was ascertained, and all subjects completed the @entity726 Knowledge Assessment before and after counseling sessions at the time of diagnosis and at 1-month follow-up. @entity1 were instructed to return to clinic for routine follow-up at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12  months after enrollment. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with appropriate clinical follow-up. RESULTS: Overall, only 13.5% of subjects had appropriate clinical follow-up at 1 year, defined as attending at least 3 follow-up visits during that interval, and there was no significant difference between counseling groups. The mean @entity726 knowledge assessment score (GKAS) improved by 77.6% with the initial counseling intervention (P < .0001), decreased by 17.4% within a 1-month period following initial counseling, and improved by 22.8% (P < .001) after the second counseling intervention. Monthly household income over 2500 rupees, GKAS greater than 5 after initial counseling, and undergoing any ocular surgical procedure were all independent predictors of appropriate follow-up. CONCLUSION: While all 3 counseling methods resulted in transient improvement of @entity1 knowledge regarding @entity66 , follow-up rates were poor for all groups. Poor retention of @entity726 knowledge may impact the likelihood of @entity1 follow-up, and reinforcement with repeated counseling may be beneficial with regard to both disease knowledge and follow-up.

title: Effectiveness of XXXX Counseling on Rates of Follow-up and @entity726 Knowledge in  a  South Indian Population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['adult glaucoma', 'Glaucoma', 'glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous disease']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of traditional counseling and @entity1 -centered counseling, either alone or with recorded audio counseling reinforcement, on @entity726 knowledge and clinical follow-up. DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Newly diagnosed @entity726 @entity1 were randomized to 1 of 3 categories of @entity726 counseling: traditional counseling, @entity1 -centered counseling, or @entity1 -centered counseling with audio counseling reinforcement. Demographic and clinical information from each subject was ascertained, and all subjects completed the @entity726 Knowledge Assessment before and after counseling sessions at the time of diagnosis and at 1-month follow-up. @entity1 were instructed to return to clinic for routine follow-up at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12  months after enrollment. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with appropriate clinical follow-up. RESULTS: Overall, only 13.5% of subjects had appropriate clinical follow-up at 1 year, defined as attending at least 3 follow-up visits during that interval, and there was no significant difference between counseling groups. The mean @entity726 knowledge assessment score (GKAS) improved by 77.6% with the initial counseling intervention (P < .0001), decreased by 17.4% within a 1-month period following initial counseling, and improved by 22.8% (P < .001) after the second counseling intervention. Monthly household income over 2500 rupees, GKAS greater than 5 after initial counseling, and undergoing any ocular surgical procedure were all independent predictors of appropriate follow-up. CONCLUSION: While all 3 counseling methods resulted in transient improvement of @entity1 knowledge regarding @entity66 , follow-up rates were poor for all groups. Poor retention of @entity726 knowledge may impact the likelihood of @entity1 follow-up, and reinforcement with repeated counseling may be beneficial with regard to both disease knowledge and follow-up.

title: Effectiveness of @entity726 Counseling on Rates of Follow-up and XXXX Knowledge in  a  South Indian Population.

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of the present study was to develop a discriminatory and reproducible accelerated in vitro release method for long-acting @entity7050 microspheres with inner structure/porosity differences. @entity1090 was chosen as a model drug. Qualitatively and quantitatively equivalent @entity7050 microspheres with different inner structure/porosity were obtained using different manufacturing processes. Physicochemical properties as well as degradation profiles of the prepared microspheres were investigated. Furthermore, in vitro release testing of the prepared @entity1090 microspheres was performed using the most common in vitro release methods (i.e., sample-and-separate and flow through) for this type of product. The obtained compositionally equivalent @entity1090 microspheres had similar drug loading but different inner structure/porosity. When microsphere particle size appeared similar, porous @entity1090 microspheres showed faster microsphere degradation and drug release compared with less porous microspheres. Both in vitro release methods investigated were able to differentiate @entity1090 microsphere formulations with differences in porosity under real-time (37  C) and accelerated (45  C) testing conditions. Notably, only the accelerated USP apparatus 4 method showed good reproducibility for highly porous @entity1090 microspheres. These results indicated that the accelerated USP apparatus 4 method is an appropriate fast quality control tool for long-acting @entity7050 microspheres (even with porous structures).

title: A reproducible accelerated in vitro release testing method for XXXX microspheres.

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone', 'Risperidone']

answer: @entity7050 :: (MESH:C043435,Chemical) :: ['PLGA']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are limited nationally representative estimates of the annual economic burden among survivors of the three most prevalent @entity5 (colorectal, female breast, and prostate) in both nonelderly and elderly populations in the United States. METHODS: The 2008 to 2012 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data were used to identify colorectal (n = 540), female breast (n = 1568), and prostate (n = 1170) @entity5 survivors and individuals without a @entity5 history (n = 109 423). Excess economic burden attributable to @entity5 included per- @entity1 excess annual medical expenditures and productivity losses (employment disability, missed work days, and days stayed in bed). All analyses were stratified by @entity5 site and age (nonelderly: 18-64 years vs elderly: >= 65 years). Multivariable analyses controlled for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, number of comorbidities, and geographic region. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: Compared with individuals without a @entity5 history, @entity5 survivors experienced annual excess medical expenditures (for the nonelderly population, colorectal:  8647, 95% confidence interval [CI] =  4932 to  13 974, P < .001; breast:  5119, 95% CI =  3439 to  7158, P < .001; prostate:  3586, 95% CI =  1792 to  6076, P < .001; for the elderly population, colorectal:  4913, 95% CI =  2768 to  7470, P < .001; breast:  2288, 95% CI =  814 to  3995, P = .002; prostate:  3524, 95% CI =  1539 to  5909, P < .001). Nonelderly @entity0 survivors experienced statistically significant @entity717 (13.6%, P < .001, and 4.8%, P = .001) and productivity loss at work (7.2 days, P < .001, and 3.3 days, P = .002) and at home (4.5 days, P < .001, and 3.3 days, P = .003). In contrast, elderly survivors of all three @entity5 sites had comparable productivity losses as those without a @entity5 history. CONCLUSIONS: Colorectal, breast, and @entity263 survivors experienced statistically significantly higher economic burden compared with individuals without a @entity5 history; however, excess economic burden varies by @entity5 site and age. Targeted efforts will be important in reducing the economic burden of @entity0 .

title: Annual Medical Expenditure and Productivity Loss Among Colorectal, Female Breast, and XXXX Survivors in the United States.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal and breast cancer', 'colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['annual excess employment disability']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The small intestine plays an important role in all aspects of pharmacokinetics, but there is no system for the comprehensive evaluation of small-intestinal pharmacokinetics, including drug metabolism and absorption. In this study, we aimed to construct an intestinal pharmacokinetics evaluation system and to generate pharmacokinetically functional enterocytes from @entity1 induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. These cells were differentiated into intestinal stem cell-like cells using activin A and @entity540 . The resulting cells were differentiated into enterocytes in a medium containing epidermal growth factor and small-molecule compounds. The differentiated cells expressed intestinal marker genes and drug transporters. The expression of sucrase-isomaltase, an intestine-specific marker, was markedly increased by small-molecule compounds. The cells exhibited activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes expressed in enterocytes, including @entity4187 /2, @entity5060 , @entity4433 , @entity5320 , @entity5322 /5, @entity6900 , and SULT. Fluorescence-labeled dipeptide uptake into the cells was observed and was inhibited by ibuprofen, an inhibitor of the intestinal oligopeptide transporter @entity37537 / @entity37537 . @entity5322 mRNA expression level was increased by these compounds and induced by the addition of 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. @entity5322 /5 activity was also induced by 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in cells differentiated in the presence of the compounds. All these results show that we have generated enterocyte-like cells having pharmacokinetic functions and identified small-molecule compounds that are effective for promoting intestinal differentiation and the gain of pharmacokinetic functions. Our enterocyte-like cells would be useful material for developing a novel evaluation system to predict @entity1 intestinal pharmacokinetics.

title: Generation of Enterocyte-Like Cells with Pharmacokinetic Functions from XXXX Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Small-Molecule Compounds.

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['fibroblast growth factor 2']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the methods to delineate the inner bladder (IB) surface using a uniform contraction from the outer bladder (OB) surface, assuming the bladder wall (BW) is either of constant thickness, constant volume or variable volume. METHODS: 14 prostate intensity-modulated radiotherapy @entity1 with 2 planning CTs were identified. For both CTs, OB was delineated using model-based segmentation. IB was delineated manually. Then, using uniform contractions from OB, the position of IB was approximated using a: 2.5-mm contraction, @entity1 -specific contraction, @entity1 -specific constant wall volume method and variable wall volume method. The structures created using those strategies were compared against the manual IB contours using geometric and dosimetric indices. RESULTS: In the presence of variable @entity1494 , use of a generic or @entity1 -specific constant contraction resulted in a significant overestimation of IB volume (+12 and +13   cm(3), respectively; p   <   0.001) that was inversely correlated with the difference in urine volume between the scans (R(2)   >   0.86). Mean differences across 95% of IB surfaces were  <=2   mm for methods using either constant or variable wall volume. Mean dose-volume histogram (DVH) differences were <1   cm(3) across the whole BW DVH when using the method that assumed a variable wall volume. CONCLUSION: The variable volume BW model provided the best approximation of the IB surface position under varying filling conditions, based on geometric and dosimetric indices. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Use of the equation derived in this research provides a quick and accurate method to delineate the hollow BW on serial imaging for the purposes of dose reconstruction.

title: Delineating the inner bladder surface using uniform contractions from the outer surface under variable XXXX conditions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder filling']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder filling']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A @entity547 ( @entity547 ) is an acquired @entity4037 that most commonly occurs in the Spigelian belt. @entity1 may experience @entity158 or a bulge in the abdominal area, but in most cases there are no symptoms. If left untreated the @entity547 may become strangulated, which could lead to @entity1744 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 28 surgical @entity1 with @entity547 between January 2002 and December 2013. We evaluated the incidence of complications, recurrences, and the length of hospital stay with comorbidities, body mass index, clinical presentation, and operative techniques. RESULTS: The 28 @entity1 included 10 males and 18 females, with a mean age of 67  years. Seven @entity1 (26.9%) received emergency operations, and the remaining @entity1 received elective operations. An "open-direct" operative approach was used in 16 cases and a laparoscopic approach in 12. The overall complication rate was 7.6% and the recurrence rate was 3.8% with a median follow-up of 3  years. The median hospital stay was 1  day (range, 1-7). Only the presence of local complications at diagnosis showed a significant impact on length of hospital stay. None of the considered variables had a significant impact on @entity547 recurrence. CONCLUSION: No differences were noted among the operative techniques, wound @entity281 , complications rate, and length of hospital stay. Laparoscopy seems to cause more early postoperative @entity158 that reverses in about 2  weeks.

title: Twelve years of experience treating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['hernia', 'SH', 'Spigelian hernia']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia']

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['Spigelian hernia']


abstract: A case of accidental exposure of a @entity1 undergoing hemodialysis to a @entity8830 solution is reported. A 61-year-old @entity1 was completing a hemodialysis treatment when routine cleaning of the hemodialysis machine was started. Approximately two liters of undiluted @entity8830 cleaning solution (Chlorox) was added to the dialysis bath, soaking the membrane fibers. For less than two minutes the Chlorox-soaked membrane was in contact with the blood returning to the @entity1 . This accident led to massive @entity2142 , @entity4144 , @entity848 , and @entity1167 . @entity2142 may have been caused by the hypertonic solution, rapid exothermic protein degradation, alkaline degradation, or another mechanism. The sudden rise and fall in the concentrations of serum electrolytes and subsequent @entity4144 was the most probable cause for the @entity1167 . Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was started, the @entity1 was intubated, given @entity26 , @entity4388 , @entity3897 , @entity935 , and @entity3044 . @entity15451 5 g was administered by a nasogastric tube approximately 25 minutes after the @entity1167 as a neutralizing reducing agent. The @entity1 's condition stabilized, and she recovered after a week of hospitalization. Cleaning solutions used in the routine cleaning of hemodialysis machinery represent potentially toxic agents. Hemodialysis procedures should ensure that cleaning and sterilizing solutions cannot accidentally come into contact with a dialysis machine that is still connected to the @entity1 .

title: Accidental systemic exposure to XXXX (Chlorox) during hemodialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4388 :: ('MESH:D017693', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity8830 :: ('MESH:D012973', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hypochlorite']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity15451 :: ('MESH:C017717', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium thiosulfate']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'cardiopulmonary arrest']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis', 'Hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity848 :: ('MESH:D003490', 'Disease') :: ['cyanosis']

answer: @entity8830 :: (MESH:D012973,Chemical) :: ['sodium hypochlorite']


abstract: A prospective randomized study involving @entity1 with premature rupture of the membranes between the twenty-eighth week and the thirty-fourth week of pregnancy was conducted. @entity1 with @entity5870 , @entity1442 , and fetal distress, as well as those with mature lecithin/ @entity4291 ratios and/or Gram stains positive for bacteria, were delivered immediately. The remaining @entity1 were randomized. One group received @entity5935 . Tocolytic agents were used in this group when necessary. After 48 hours all @entity1 given @entity288 (CS group) were delivered). The second group was managed expectantly (EM group) and were delivered only when spontaneous labor or @entity281 occurred. A total of 160 @entity1 were randomized, 80 in each group. Maternal outcome, including @entity5870 and cesarean section rates, was not different; however, the @entity7288 rate was significantly higher in the CS group (p less than 0.05). Neonatal outcome did not differ in mean birth weights, perinatal @entity204 rates, @entity281 , or incidences of @entity649 . The frequency of prolonged hospital stay (greater than 4 weeks) was higher in the neonates in the CS group (p less than 0.01). The conclusion is that @entity288 and active management in @entity1 with premature rupture of the membranes and premature gestations do not decrease the incidence of @entity649 or perinatal mortality and may aggravate certain infectious complications.

title: Prospective randomized study of XXXX in the management of premature rupture of the membranes and the premature gestation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7288 :: ('MESH:D004716', 'Disease') :: ['endometritis']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome', 'respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity5870 :: ('MESH:D002821', 'Disease') :: ['chorioamnionitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal infections', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced labor']

entities_list: @entity4291 :: ('CHEBI:17636', 'Chemical') :: ['sphingomyelin']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity288 :: (MESH:D000305,Chemical) :: ['corticosteroids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1 with ST elevation @entity583 (STEMIs) are known to have worse outcomes than @entity1 with non-ST elevation @entity583 (NSTEMIs), such differences are not well described in the subset of @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. The purpose of this study is to compare postoperative outcomes of @entity1 undergoing nonemergent coronary artery bypass grafting within 1 week after an STEMI versus NSTEMI. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on @entity1 undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting between 1 and 7 days from an MI from 2008 to 2012. Postoperative outcomes, including mortality and composite postoperative morbidity for @entity1 with STEMI versus NSTEMI, were compared within each group. RESULTS: Of the 446 @entity1 undergoing nonemergent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting between 1 and 7 days after an MI, 122 @entity1 (27.3%) had an STEMI. The STEMI cohort was younger with less incidence of @entity101 than the NSTEMI cohort. However, aside from having a lower incidence of @entity712 , STEMI @entity1 had an overall poorer cardiac status than NSTEMI @entity1 . No differences were found in mortality, rates of major complication, length of intensive care unit stay, and length of hospital stay between STEMI and NSTEMI @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Despite differences in preoperative characteristics and pathophysiology of @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between 1 and 7 days after NSTEMI versus STEMI, no difference was found in early surgical outcome. The classification of MI should therefore not influence surgical decision making in such @entity1 .

title: XXXX Classification on Outcomes in Nonemergent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perception of an @entity85 resultant from arthroscopic long head biceps (LHB) tenotomy according to the degree of experience of the assisting professional. METHODS: 120 @entity1 submitted to shoulder surgery were photographed and photos were mounted in a PowerPoint presentation. Three shoulder specialist surgeons, three generalist orthopedic surgeons and three graduated residents analyzed the presentation. RESULTS: On all @entity1 we observed most agreement among the shoulder specialists. When just the @entity1 with LHB tenotomy were analyzed, the specialists agreed moderately, the generalists had small agreement and the residents, a poor one. Analyzing @entity1 with BMI < 30, there was major agreement between the specialists, while the generalists and residents had poor agreement. Analyzing @entity1 with BMI >=  30, the generalists had small kappa agreement, while the specialists and residents had no agreement. CONCLUSIONS: The perception of an @entity85 regarding a LHB tenotomy did not have significant agreement between different level of professionals, even though the specialists showed similar perception on tenotomy @entity1 . The evaluation of @entity28 @entity1 lowered the agreement on the three groups of professionals. Level of Evidence III. Case Control Study.

title: Interprofessional analysis of XXXX from long head biceps tenotomy.

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['esthetical deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['esthetical deformity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two botanical varieties of cabbage, namely Savoy ( @entity5598 . Sabauda L.) and White ( @entity5598 . Capitata L.) were used in order to understand the morphological, physiological and biochemical elements of functional salt stress response. Thirteen salt concentrations (range, 0 to 300   mmol   L(-1) @entity1219 ) were considered in Experiment 1 and, of these 13, three (0, 100 and 200   mmol   L(-1) @entity1219 ) were used in Experiment 2. RESULTS: Experiment 1 enabled the definition of two salinity thresholds (100 and 200   mmol   L(-1) @entity1219 ), associated with morphological and physiological adaptations. In Experiment 2, moderate salinity (100   mmol   L(-1) @entity1219 ) had lower effects on Savoy than in White cabbage yield (respectively, -16% and -62% from control). Concurrently, 100   mmol   L(-1) @entity1219 resulted in a significant increase of antioxidant enzymes from control conditions, that was greater in Savoy (+289, +423 and +88%, respectively) as compared to White (+114, +356 and +28%, respectively) cabbage. Ion accumulation was found to be a key determinant in tissue osmotic adjustment (mainly in Savoy) whereas the contribution of organic osmolites was negligible. CONCLUSIONS: Higher antioxidative enzymatic activities in Savoy versus White cabbage after treatment with 100   mmol   L(-1) @entity1219 were associated with improved water relations, thus suggesting a possible physiological pathway for alleviating perceived salt stress.    2015 Society of Chemical Industry.

title: Salinity thresholds and genotypic variability of cabbage ( XXXX .) grown under saline stress.

entities_list: @entity5598 :: ('3712', 'Species') :: ['Brassica oleracea var']

answer: @entity5598 :: (3712,Species) :: ['Brassica oleracea L']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Intervertebral cage settling during bone remodeling after lumbar @entity11375 ( @entity11375 ) is a common occurrence during the normal healing process. Progression of this settling with endplate collapse is defined as subsidence. The purposes of this study were to 1) assess the rate of subsidence after minimally invasive (MIS) @entity11375 by CT, 2) distinguish between early cage subsidence (ECS) and delayed cage subsidence (DCS), 3) propose a descriptive method for classifying the types of subsidence, and 4) discuss techniques for mitigating the risk of subsidence after MIS @entity11375 . METHODS A total of 128 consecutive @entity1 (with 178 treated levels in total) underwent MIS @entity11375 performed by a single surgeon. The subsidence was deemed to be ECS if it was evident on postoperative Day 2 CT images and was therefore the result of an intraoperative @entity130 and deemed DCS if it was detected on subsequent CT scans (>=  6 months postoperatively). Endplate breaches were categorized as caudal (superior endplate) and/or cranial (inferior endplate), and as ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral with respect to the side of cage insertion. Subsidence seen in CT images (radiographic subsidence) was measured from the vertebral endplate to the caudal or cranial margin of the cage (in millimeters). @entity1 -reported outcome measures included visual analog scale, @entity717 Index, and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey physical and mental component summary scores. RESULTS Four @entity1 had ECS in a total of 4 levels. The radiographic subsidence (DCS) rates were 10% (13 of 128 @entity1 ) and 8% (14 of 178 levels), with 3% of @entity1 (4 of 128) exhibiting clinical subsidence. In the DCS levels, 3 types of subsidence were evident on coronal and sagittal CT scans: Type 1, caudal contralateral, in 14% (2 of 14), Type 2, caudal bilateral with anterior cage tilt, in 64% (9 of 14), and Type 3, both endplates bilaterally, in 21% (3 of 14). The mean subsidence in the DCS levels was 3.2 mm. There was no significant difference between the numbers of @entity1 in the subsidence (DCS) and no-subsidence groups who received clinical benefit from the surgical procedure, based on the minimum clinically important difference (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference between the fusion rates at 6 months (p = 0.0195); however, by 12 months, the difference was not significant (p = 0.2049). CONCLUSIONS The authors distinguished between ECS and DCS. Radiographic subsidence (DCS) was categorized using descriptors for the location and severity of the subsidence. Neither interbody fusion rates nor clinical outcomes were affected by radiographic subsidence. To protect @entity1 from subsidence after MIS @entity11375 , the surgeon needs to take care with the caudal endplate during cage insertion. If a caudal bilateral (Type 2) endplate breach is detected, supplemental posterior fixation to arrest progression and facilitate fusion is recommended.

title: Assessment and classification of subsidence after XXXX using serial computed tomography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

entities_list: @entity11375 :: ('MESH:D007714', 'Disease') :: ['LIF', 'lateral interbody fusion']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral endplate injury']

answer: @entity11375 :: (MESH:D007714,Disease) :: ['lateral interbody fusion']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Insomnia is a prevalent @entity25 that can profoundly impact a @entity1 's health and wellbeing. Herbal medicine represents one of the most frequently used complementary and alternative treatments of @entity22 . However, the safety and efficacy of herbal medicine for the treatment of this disorder is currently uncertain. In order to ascertain the evidence base for herbal medicine for @entity22 , we systematically searched seventeen electronic databases and the reference lists of included studies for relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Fourteen RCTs, involving a total of 1602 @entity1 with @entity22 , met the inclusion criteria. Four distinct orally administered herbal monopreparations were identified (i.e., valerian, chamomile, kava and wuling). There was no statistically significant difference between any herbal medicine and placebo, or any herbal medicine and active control, for any of the thirteen measures of clinical efficacy. As for safety, a similar or smaller number of adverse events per @entity1 were reported with kava, chamomile and wuling when compared with placebo. By contrast, a greater number of events per @entity1 were reported with valerian. While there is insufficient evidence to support the use of herbal medicine for @entity22 , there is a clear need for further research in this area.

title: Herbal medicine for XXXX : A systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'person']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorder']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity22 :: (MESH:D007319,Disease) :: ['insomnia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Accurate biometry is an obligatory preoperative measurement for refractive surgery as well as @entity231 surgery. A new device based on partial coherence interferometry was compared with 2 currently used biometry devices. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany. DESIGN: Prospective case series. METHODS: Eyes of @entity231 @entity1 were examined with a functional prototype of the new optical low-coherence reflectometry (OLCR) biometer OA-2000, the standard OLCR biometer Lenstar, and the partial coherence interferometry (PCI) biometer IOLMaster. The results were compared using a Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation calculations. RESULTS: A total of 138 eyes of 74 @entity231 @entity1 were examined. Pearson correlation showed excellent correlation for axial length, @entity8707 and keratometry among the 3 devices tested. The highest correlation was found between standard OLCR biometer and PCI biometer for @entity1582 , R1, and R2 (r = 1.0, r = 0.936, r = 0.952, respectively; all P  <= .001). For @entity8707 ( @entity8707 ), the highest correlation was found between the standard OLCR biometer and the new OLCR biometer (r = 0.943; P  <= .001). The mean values of @entity1582 / @entity8707 /R1/R2 differed very little, but the differences were significant (all P  <= .05) (new OLCR biometer 23.31/3.21/7.74/7.64 mm; standard OLCR biometer 23.30/3.13/7.80/7.60 mm; PCI biometer 23.37/3.00/7.78/7.6 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with other clinical instruments, the new OLCR biometer generated the most accurate results. Differences especially in measurement of axial length were statistically but not clinically significant. The new OLCR biometer yielded results that correlated very well with the values of the PCI biometer and standard OLCR biometer. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None of the authors has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

title: Comparison of 3 biometry devices in  XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity8707 :: ('MESH:C535679', 'Disease') :: ['ACD', 'anterior chamber depth']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: PURPOSE: Accurate biometry is an obligatory preoperative measurement for refractive surgery as well as @entity231 surgery. A new device based on partial coherence interferometry was compared with 2 currently used biometry devices. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany. DESIGN: Prospective case series. METHODS: Eyes of @entity231 @entity1 were examined with a functional prototype of the new optical low-coherence reflectometry (OLCR) biometer OA-2000, the standard OLCR biometer Lenstar, and the partial coherence interferometry (PCI) biometer IOLMaster. The results were compared using a Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation calculations. RESULTS: A total of 138 eyes of 74 @entity231 @entity1 were examined. Pearson correlation showed excellent correlation for axial length, @entity8707 and keratometry among the 3 devices tested. The highest correlation was found between standard OLCR biometer and PCI biometer for @entity1582 , R1, and R2 (r = 1.0, r = 0.936, r = 0.952, respectively; all P  <= .001). For @entity8707 ( @entity8707 ), the highest correlation was found between the standard OLCR biometer and the new OLCR biometer (r = 0.943; P  <= .001). The mean values of @entity1582 / @entity8707 /R1/R2 differed very little, but the differences were significant (all P  <= .05) (new OLCR biometer 23.31/3.21/7.74/7.64 mm; standard OLCR biometer 23.30/3.13/7.80/7.60 mm; PCI biometer 23.37/3.00/7.78/7.6 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with other clinical instruments, the new OLCR biometer generated the most accurate results. Differences especially in measurement of axial length were statistically but not clinically significant. The new OLCR biometer yielded results that correlated very well with the values of the PCI biometer and standard OLCR biometer. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None of the authors has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

title: Comparison of 3 biometry devices in  @entity231 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report our retrospective analysis of 40 @entity1 who received high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation for systemic immunoglobulin light-chain ( @entity1582 ) @entity2783 . Between 2006 and 2013, 40 @entity1 with @entity1582 were transplanted at our medical center. Their median age was 54  years (range 32-70  years): 18 were male. The dominant organs involved were the heart in 13 @entity1 , and kidney in 22: and other organs were involved in five. The median @entity3601 dose administered was 129 (range 50-200)  mg/m(2), and the median infused @entity2280 (+) cells was 2.69 (range 1.17-11.26)  *  10(6)/kg. Of the 40 @entity1 , 30 are alive after a median follow-up of 42 (range 12-94) months, and the 4-year estimated overall survival rate was 74  % (95  % CI 56-86  %). Four @entity1 died  <=100  days post-ASCT ( @entity712 in three @entity1 , @entity2259 in one). The 4-year estimated survival of the @entity1 with @entity299 was 54  %, significantly lower than that of the other @entity1 (91  %). Hematological and organ responses were 52 and 50  %, respectively. Careful @entity1 selection and experienced management are important, especially for @entity1 with @entity299 . It is also important to develop additional treatment for @entity1 who do not achieve a hematological and/or organ response.

title: High-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation for systemic light-chain XXXX : a single institution retrospective analysis of 40 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity3601 :: ('MESH:D008558', 'Chemical') :: ['melphalan']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['AL amyloidosis', 'AL']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac involvement']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity2783 :: (MESH:D000686,Disease) :: ['amyloidosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: There is limited consensus on the optimal surgical strategy for double thoracic @entity1615 ( @entity1615 ). Recent studies have reported that pedicle screw constructs to maximize scoliosis correction cause further thoracic spine @entity1515 . The objective of this study was to apply a new surgical technique for double thoracic @entity1615 with @entity2003 and assess its clinical outcomes. METHODS: Twenty one consecutive @entity1 with Lenke 2 @entity1615 and a rigid PT curve (Cobb angle >= 30   on side-bending radiographs, flexibility  <=30 %) treated with the simultaneous double-rod rotation technique (SDRRT) were included. In this technique, a temporary rod is placed at the concave side of the PT curve. Then, distraction force is applied to correct the PT curve, which reforms a sigmoid double thoracic curve into an approximate single thoracic curve. As a result, the PT curve is typically converted from an apex left to an apex right curve before applying the correction rod for PT and main thoracic curve. RESULTS: All @entity1 were followed for at least 2 years (average 2.7 years). The average main thoracic and PT Cobb angle correction rate at the final follow-up was 74.7 and 58.0 %, respectively. The average preoperative T5-T12 thoracic kyphosis was 9.3  , which improved significantly to 19.0   (p < 0.0001) at the final follow-up. Although 71 % @entity1 had preoperative level shoulders or a positive radiographic shoulder height, all @entity1 had mildly imbalanced or balanced shoulders at the final follow-up. The average preoperative main thoracic apical @entity717 angle of 20.7   improved significantly after surgery to 16.4   (p = 0.0046), while the average preoperative total SRS questionnaire score of 3.7 improved significantly to 4.4 (p = 0.0012) at the final follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Radiographic findings and @entity1 outcomes were satisfactory. @entity1513 can be maintained or improved, while coronal and @entity85 can be corrected using SDRRT for Lenke 2 @entity1615 with a rigid PT curve.

title: Surgical treatment of double thoracic XXXX with a rigid proximal thoracic curve.

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid proximal thoracic (PT) curves']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['AIS', 'adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral rotation']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['axial deformities']

answer: @entity1615 :: (OMIM:181800,Disease) :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The burden of disease and mortality associated with @entity169 in Africa, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, is very high. The purpose of this study is to show that International Cooperation work in the field of @entity547 repair is effective; it minimizes the delay in @entity547 repairs in the targeted population, and can prevent a large number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: As a part of an International Cooperation program, a total of 990 black @entity1 with @entity169 were studied, in whom hernioplasty was performed using @entity7502 mesh. The type of @entity547 and surgical technique were studied. Indicators of scientific and technical quality, indicators of efficiency and of effectiveness were analyzed. The results on the usefulness of interventions were calculated as avoided DALYs. RESULTS: Surgery was performed on 926 @entity1 with a total of 1033 @entity547 repairs. 87.2 % of the repairs were made with mesh. There was no mortality in the series, complications were minor, and 85.7 % of @entity1 remained less than 24 h in the center. There was a 2.8 % of recurrence, with a follow-up 58.7 % of the @entity1 in the first year. 5014 DALYs were avoided, and the average of the avoided DALYs per @entity1 was of 5.41. CONCLUSIONS: Hernia repair with mesh in low development countries is a procedure with low morbidity and high effectiveness that can prevent a large number of DALYs.

title: The Usefulness of International Cooperation in the Repair of XXXX in Sub-Saharan Africa.

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['inguinal hernias', 'inguinal hernia']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

answer: @entity169 :: (MESH:D006552,Disease) :: ['Inguinal Hernias']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose: To discuss the possible reasons for the @entity393 and the acquisition of new phenotypic features (among them, sensitivity to X and UVC radiations) as a result of in vitro cultivation of @entity706 cells. Results: Ten years ago the phenotypic differences between LY-R (original L5178Y maintained in vivo and examined in vitro) and LY-S lines were reviewed in detail by the author. The @entity393 of LY-R cells upon in vitro cultivation accompanying the acquirement of the LY-S phenotype had been described earlier by Beer et al. (1983). In spite of their common origin, the sublines were shown to differ in their relative sensitivity to a number of DNA damaging agents and in numerous other features. Here, selected differences between LY-R and LY-S lines are briefly reviewed. It is proposed that Wallace's concept (2010a) that mitochondria are the interface between environmental conditions and the genome may explain the LY-R-LY-S conversion under prolonged in vitro cultivation. Conclusion: The differences between the LY lines were probably of epigenetic rather than genetic character. The properties of LY-R cells changed as a result of exposure to an oxic in vitro milieu. The changes could be preconditioned by heteroplasmy and the selection of cells endowed with mitochondria best fitted to a high @entity26 -low @entity544 environment.

title: From radioresistance to radiosensitivity: In vitro evolution of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of tumourigenicity']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['L5178Y lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between cardiopulmonary bypass-related systemic @entity32 and resting energy expenditure in pediatric subjects following cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Single-center, prospective cohort study. SETTING: Pediatric cardiac critical care unit in Toronto, Canada. @entity1 : @entity1 with @entity299 undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Resting energy expenditure was determined by indirect calorimetry and the modified Weir equation, using VO2 and VCO2 measured by in-line respiratory mass spectrometry. Measurements were taken at baseline and 6-hour intervals from separation from cardiopulmonary bypass for a maximum of 72 hours. Plasma @entity650 , @entity413 delivery, feeding status, and cardiac output (calculated by Fick equation) were monitored at each resting energy expenditure measurement. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We studied 111 subjects at a median (interquartile range) age of 5.3 months (0.8-10.5 mo), weighing 5.7 kg (3.9-8.1 kg), of whom 88% underwent biventricular repair. Resting energy expenditure decreased from 51 kcal/kg/d to 45 kcal/kg/d during the study period. Resting energy expenditure was positively associated with increased plasma @entity650 (estimate variable, 1.76; p = 0.001) and inversely associated with preoperative @entity1667 use (estimate variable, -6.7; p = 0.003) even after accounting for other predictors. Increase in cardiac output was also associated (estimate variable, 13.7; p < 0.0001) with higher resting energy expenditure. CONCLUSIONS: Resting energy expenditure ranges between 40 and 60 kcal/kg/d and decreases progressively in @entity1 following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. It is directly associated with increased @entity32 and higher cardiac output and inversely associated with anti-inflammatory strategies. Further studies are required to predict the appropriate caloric delivery in this cohort.

title: Systemic XXXX increases energy expenditure following pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Psychiatric diagnoses are currently distinguished based on sets of specific symptoms. However, genetic and clinical analyses find similarities across a wide variety of diagnoses, suggesting that a common neurobiological substrate may exist across @entity1032 . OBJECTIVE: To conduct a meta-analysis of structural neuroimaging studies across multiple @entity146 diagnoses, followed by parallel analyses of 3 large-scale healthy @entity1 data sets to help interpret structural findings in the meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: PubMed was searched to identify voxel-based morphometry studies through July 2012 comparing @entity146 @entity1 to healthy control individuals for the meta-analysis. The 3 parallel healthy @entity1 data sets included resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, a database of activation foci across thousands of neuroimaging experiments, and a data set with structural imaging and cognitive task performance data. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Studies were included in the meta-analysis if they reported voxel-based morphometry differences between @entity1 with an @entity146 and control individuals in stereotactic coordinates across the whole brain, did not present predominantly in childhood, and had at least 10 studies contributing to that diagnosis (or across closely related diagnoses). The meta-analysis was conducted on peak voxel coordinates using an activation likelihood estimation approach. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: We tested for areas of common gray matter volume increase or decrease across Axis I diagnoses, as well as areas differing between diagnoses. Follow-up analyses on other healthy @entity1 data sets tested connectivity related to regions arising from the meta-analysis and the relationship of gray matter volume to cognition. RESULTS: Based on the voxel-based morphometry meta-analysis of 193 studies comprising 15   892 individuals across 6 diverse diagnostic groups ( @entity161 , @entity162 , @entity308 , addiction, @entity3119 , and @entity148 ), we found that gray matter loss converged across diagnoses in 3 regions: the dorsal anterior cingulate, right insula, and left insula. By contrast, there were few diagnosis-specific effects, distinguishing only @entity161 and @entity308 from other diagnoses. In the parallel follow-up analyses of the 3 independent healthy @entity1 data sets, we found that the common gray matter loss regions formed a tightly interconnected network during tasks and at resting and that lower gray matter in this network was associated with poor executive functioning. CONCLUSIONS AND REVELANCE: We identified a concordance across @entity146 diagnoses in terms of integrity of an anterior insula/dorsal anterior cingulate-based network, which may relate to executive function deficits observed across diagnoses. This concordance provides an organizing model that emphasizes the importance of shared neural substrates across psychopathology, despite likely diverse etiologies, which is currently not an explicit component of @entity146 nosology.

title: Identification of a common neurobiological substrate for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'Axis I diagnosis']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder']

answer: @entity1032 :: (MESH:D008607,Disease) :: ['mental illness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity1 with @entity453 who are not candidates for revascularization have @entity951 despite standard medical therapy. The balloon-expandable, stainless steel, hourglass-shaped, coronary-sinus reducing device creates a focal narrowing and increases pressure in the coronary sinus, thus redistributing blood into ischemic myocardium. METHODS: We randomly assigned 104 @entity1 with @entity65 ( @entity65 ) class III or IV @entity951 (on a scale from I to IV, with higher classes indicating greater limitations on physical activity owing to @entity951 ) and @entity741 , who were not candidates for revascularization, to implantation of the device (treatment group) or to a sham procedure (control group). The primary end point was the proportion of @entity1 with an improvement of at least two @entity65 @entity951 classes at 6 months. RESULTS: A total of 35% of the @entity1 in the treatment group (18 of 52 @entity1 ), as compared with 15% of those in the control group (8 of 52), had an improvement of at least two @entity65 @entity951 classes at 6 months (P=0.02). The device was also associated with improvement of at least one @entity65 @entity951 class in 71% of the @entity1 in the treatment group (37 of 52 @entity1 ), as compared with 42% of those in the control group (22 of 52) (P=0.003). Quality of life as assessed with the use of the Seattle Angina Questionnaire was significantly improved in the treatment group, as compared with the control group (improvement on a 100-point scale, 17.6 vs. 7.6 points; P=0.03). There were no significant between-group differences in improvement in exercise time or in the mean change in the wall-motion index as assessed by means of @entity452 echocardiography. At 6 months, 1 @entity1 in the treatment group had had a @entity583 ; in the control group, 1 @entity1 had died and 3 had had a @entity583 . CONCLUSIONS: In this small clinical trial, implantation of the coronary-sinus reducing device was associated with significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life in @entity1 with @entity951 who were not candidates for revascularization. (Funded by Neovasc; COSIRA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01205893.).

title: Efficacy of a device to narrow the coronary sinus in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['refractory angina', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CCS', 'Canadian Cardiovascular Society']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['refractory angina']