abstract: BACKGROUND: Post-operative @entity3747 is a common and most often transient event afterextensive thyroid surgery. It may be due to iatrogenic @entity8611 . AIMS: We carried out a study aimed to evaluate the incidence of @entity3747 and @entity261 following extracapsular total thyroidectomy. METHODS: The study was carried out in 312 @entity1 (273 females and 39 males, whose age was between 23 and 76 years, median age 48.61 +/- 14.1) who had undergone total thyroidectomy (TT) in our department from 1995 to 1998 and in 100 @entity1 (72 females and 28 males, whose age was between 24 and 75 years, median age 51.66 +/- 13.4) who had undergone other (non-thyroid) surgery. RESULTS: Post-operative @entity3747 was observed in 62 @entity1 of the control group (62%) and the decrease of the serum @entity460 level lasted about 3 days, and went back to normal within the 5th day. In 2 @entity1 undergoing total thyroidectomy, @entity3747 was considered severe (confirmed for more than 7 days, symptomatic), these had been operated for large @entity1376 with mediastinal extension. In these @entity1 the symptoms arose acutely about 5 h after the operation. In both cases the clinical and biological aspects went back to normal within 10 days, after a treatment with @entity460 and @entity560 . Transient asymptomatic @entity3747 was observed in 234 thyroidectomized @entity1 (75%) and thus did not need any treatment for it. CONCLUSION: The results obtained confirm that transient @entity3747 can be observed after any operation; and particularly responsible is the decrease of the @entity460 concerning the proteins. We found that post-operative @entity261 is due to @entity8611 (parathyroid ischaemia or surgical ablation of one or more glands). Here we see the delayed serum @entity460 level < or = 7.5 mg/dl or the delayed serum phosphorous level > 7.4 mg/dl. The results of our study, with 2 @entity1 presenting transient post-operative @entity261 , contribute in confirming that the extracapsular total thyroidectomy aimed to reduce any @entity8611 and to the recurrent nerves, represent the better operation also for the extended benignant thyroidopathies.

title: XXXX and @entity261 after total thyroidectomy: a clinical biological study and surgical considerations.

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1376 :: ('MESH:C564546', 'Disease') :: ['multinodular goitre']

entities_list: @entity8611 :: ('MESH:D010279', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the parathyroid glands', 'injury to the parathyroid']

entities_list: @entity261 :: ('MESH:D007011', 'Disease') :: ['hypoparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity3747 :: (MESH:D006996,Disease) :: ['Hypocalcemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Post-operative @entity3747 is a common and most often transient event afterextensive thyroid surgery. It may be due to iatrogenic @entity8611 . AIMS: We carried out a study aimed to evaluate the incidence of @entity3747 and @entity261 following extracapsular total thyroidectomy. METHODS: The study was carried out in 312 @entity1 (273 females and 39 males, whose age was between 23 and 76 years, median age 48.61 +/- 14.1) who had undergone total thyroidectomy (TT) in our department from 1995 to 1998 and in 100 @entity1 (72 females and 28 males, whose age was between 24 and 75 years, median age 51.66 +/- 13.4) who had undergone other (non-thyroid) surgery. RESULTS: Post-operative @entity3747 was observed in 62 @entity1 of the control group (62%) and the decrease of the serum @entity460 level lasted about 3 days, and went back to normal within the 5th day. In 2 @entity1 undergoing total thyroidectomy, @entity3747 was considered severe (confirmed for more than 7 days, symptomatic), these had been operated for large @entity1376 with mediastinal extension. In these @entity1 the symptoms arose acutely about 5 h after the operation. In both cases the clinical and biological aspects went back to normal within 10 days, after a treatment with @entity460 and @entity560 . Transient asymptomatic @entity3747 was observed in 234 thyroidectomized @entity1 (75%) and thus did not need any treatment for it. CONCLUSION: The results obtained confirm that transient @entity3747 can be observed after any operation; and particularly responsible is the decrease of the @entity460 concerning the proteins. We found that post-operative @entity261 is due to @entity8611 (parathyroid ischaemia or surgical ablation of one or more glands). Here we see the delayed serum @entity460 level < or = 7.5 mg/dl or the delayed serum phosphorous level > 7.4 mg/dl. The results of our study, with 2 @entity1 presenting transient post-operative @entity261 , contribute in confirming that the extracapsular total thyroidectomy aimed to reduce any @entity8611 and to the recurrent nerves, represent the better operation also for the extended benignant thyroidopathies.

title: @entity3747 and XXXX after total thyroidectomy: a clinical biological study and surgical considerations.

answer: @entity261 :: (MESH:D007011,Disease) :: ['hypoparathyroidism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity282 remains the most dreaded part of haemorrhoidectomy in the minds of both @entity1 and doctors. It may delay @entity1 discharge, recovery, and return to work. @entity1242 has been used successfully in the treatment of anal fissures. We investigated its topical use in the management of @entity158 after haemorrhoidectomy. METHOD: Twenty @entity1 were entered into a double-blind trial and randomised into two groups. Group A (n = 10) applied @entity1242 ointment (0.2% twice daily) to the perianal area following surgery, and Group B applied a placebo ointment. They applied the ointment for up to 42 days after surgery, or until they felt it necessary to stop the treatment. @entity1 scored their daily anal @entity158 using a visual analogue scale. Six weeks after surgery, @entity1 were reviewed by an independent observer. RESULTS: The total @entity158 score was calculated for each @entity1 . The median score for Group A was 50.65; the median score for Group B was 73.50. There was no significant difference in @entity158 scores between both groups, even when aberrant results were ignored. 20% of @entity1 in each group complained that the ointment caused @entity10 . CONCLUSION: The results suggest that topical @entity1242 ointment may not significantly reduce @entity282 following haemorrhoidectomy. Meta-analysis would provide a more definitive answer.

title: Initial study to assess the effects of topical @entity1242 for XXXX after haemorrhoidectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['glyceryl trinitrate', 'Glyceryl trinitrate']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain', 'Postoperative pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity282 remains the most dreaded part of haemorrhoidectomy in the minds of both @entity1 and doctors. It may delay @entity1 discharge, recovery, and return to work. @entity1242 has been used successfully in the treatment of anal fissures. We investigated its topical use in the management of @entity158 after haemorrhoidectomy. METHOD: Twenty @entity1 were entered into a double-blind trial and randomised into two groups. Group A (n = 10) applied @entity1242 ointment (0.2% twice daily) to the perianal area following surgery, and Group B applied a placebo ointment. They applied the ointment for up to 42 days after surgery, or until they felt it necessary to stop the treatment. @entity1 scored their daily anal @entity158 using a visual analogue scale. Six weeks after surgery, @entity1 were reviewed by an independent observer. RESULTS: The total @entity158 score was calculated for each @entity1 . The median score for Group A was 50.65; the median score for Group B was 73.50. There was no significant difference in @entity158 scores between both groups, even when aberrant results were ignored. 20% of @entity1 in each group complained that the ointment caused @entity10 . CONCLUSION: The results suggest that topical @entity1242 ointment may not significantly reduce @entity282 following haemorrhoidectomy. Meta-analysis would provide a more definitive answer.

title: Initial study to assess the effects of topical XXXX for @entity158 after haemorrhoidectomy.

answer: @entity1242 :: (MESH:D005996,Chemical) :: ['glyceryl trinitrate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity453 ( @entity453 ) is highly prevalent in @entity1 with @entity454 ( @entity454 ), owing to clustering of traditional and uremic-specific risk factors. However, in this population asymptomatic course of @entity453 is common and it has been reported that myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single-photon emission tomography (SPET) has lower sensitivity. In the current study, we assessed the value of MPI gated-SPET and its combination with coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) score measurements in risk stratification of @entity454 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: MPI gated-SPET was performed with dual-headed SPET camera and CAC score measured by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) system.There were tested 77 @entity454 individuals. During the follow-up study, @entity299 ( @entity299 ) defined as @entity204 or nonfatal @entity583 ( @entity583 ) or the necessity for coronary revascularization were recorded. Univariate and stepwise multivariable Cox proportional hazards-models were used to identify the predictors of @entity299 . RESULTS: Eighteen @entity299 were recorded during the follow-up. They were significantly associated with higher summed stress scores on MPI, higher percentage of @entity1562 , higher occurrence of defects in multiple territories and higher CAC score (all with P<0.05). Univariate Cox proportional hazard-models showed that severe perfusion abnormalities as well as CAC score >= 1000 were significantly associated with @entity299 (P<0.0001, P=0.0056). In stepwise Cox proportional hazards-models considering age, gender, history of @entity6 , post-stress left ventricular stunning, the degree of perfusion abnormality and CAC score, only severe perfusion abnormalities and CAC score >= 1000 were independent predictors of @entity299 . There was no @entity299 in @entity1 with normal perfusion, normal function and zero CAC score. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that combined evaluation of MPI and CAC can predict the outcome in @entity454 individuals, while severe perfusion abnormality on gated-SPET and high CAC score >= 1000 are predictors of future @entity299 .

title: Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging and coronary artery XXXX measurements in @entity1 with @entity454 .

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic myocardium']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CE', 'cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery disease', 'CAD']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity453 ( @entity453 ) is highly prevalent in @entity1 with @entity454 ( @entity454 ), owing to clustering of traditional and uremic-specific risk factors. However, in this population asymptomatic course of @entity453 is common and it has been reported that myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single-photon emission tomography (SPET) has lower sensitivity. In the current study, we assessed the value of MPI gated-SPET and its combination with coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) score measurements in risk stratification of @entity454 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: MPI gated-SPET was performed with dual-headed SPET camera and CAC score measured by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) system.There were tested 77 @entity454 individuals. During the follow-up study, @entity299 ( @entity299 ) defined as @entity204 or nonfatal @entity583 ( @entity583 ) or the necessity for coronary revascularization were recorded. Univariate and stepwise multivariable Cox proportional hazards-models were used to identify the predictors of @entity299 . RESULTS: Eighteen @entity299 were recorded during the follow-up. They were significantly associated with higher summed stress scores on MPI, higher percentage of @entity1562 , higher occurrence of defects in multiple territories and higher CAC score (all with P<0.05). Univariate Cox proportional hazard-models showed that severe perfusion abnormalities as well as CAC score >= 1000 were significantly associated with @entity299 (P<0.0001, P=0.0056). In stepwise Cox proportional hazards-models considering age, gender, history of @entity6 , post-stress left ventricular stunning, the degree of perfusion abnormality and CAC score, only severe perfusion abnormalities and CAC score >= 1000 were independent predictors of @entity299 . There was no @entity299 in @entity1 with normal perfusion, normal function and zero CAC score. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that combined evaluation of MPI and CAC can predict the outcome in @entity454 individuals, while severe perfusion abnormality on gated-SPET and high CAC score >= 1000 are predictors of future @entity299 .

title: Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging and coronary artery @entity460 measurements in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['end-stage renal disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity453 ( @entity453 ) is highly prevalent in @entity1 with @entity454 ( @entity454 ), owing to clustering of traditional and uremic-specific risk factors. However, in this population asymptomatic course of @entity453 is common and it has been reported that myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single-photon emission tomography (SPET) has lower sensitivity. In the current study, we assessed the value of MPI gated-SPET and its combination with coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) score measurements in risk stratification of @entity454 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: MPI gated-SPET was performed with dual-headed SPET camera and CAC score measured by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) system.There were tested 77 @entity454 individuals. During the follow-up study, @entity299 ( @entity299 ) defined as @entity204 or nonfatal @entity583 ( @entity583 ) or the necessity for coronary revascularization were recorded. Univariate and stepwise multivariable Cox proportional hazards-models were used to identify the predictors of @entity299 . RESULTS: Eighteen @entity299 were recorded during the follow-up. They were significantly associated with higher summed stress scores on MPI, higher percentage of @entity1562 , higher occurrence of defects in multiple territories and higher CAC score (all with P<0.05). Univariate Cox proportional hazard-models showed that severe perfusion abnormalities as well as CAC score >= 1000 were significantly associated with @entity299 (P<0.0001, P=0.0056). In stepwise Cox proportional hazards-models considering age, gender, history of @entity6 , post-stress left ventricular stunning, the degree of perfusion abnormality and CAC score, only severe perfusion abnormalities and CAC score >= 1000 were independent predictors of @entity299 . There was no @entity299 in @entity1 with normal perfusion, normal function and zero CAC score. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that combined evaluation of MPI and CAC can predict the outcome in @entity454 individuals, while severe perfusion abnormality on gated-SPET and high CAC score >= 1000 are predictors of future @entity299 .

title: Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging and coronary artery @entity460 measurements in XXXX with @entity454 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: This report summarizes the outcome of 56 @entity1 with @entity76 of vascular origin, 40 @entity1 with @entity1188 , and 16 with @entity548 . All @entity1 had computerized tomography: occlusive @entity1276 was diagnosed in 75% of @entity1 with @entity548 and in 23% with @entity1188 . Nine out of 10 @entity1 survived after early surgical evacuation of the haematoma and 4 of them recovered completely. Two @entity1 underwent only external ventricular drainage (EVD), one died after 2 days, and the other recovered with a moderate deficit. Three of 4 medically treated @entity1 died within one week; all had developed occlusive @entity1276 . The fourth medically treated @entity1 recovered completely; consciousness had never deteriorated nor had occlusive @entity1276 developed. Among 40 @entity1 with @entity1188 , 13 developed progressive @entity1662 ; 7 of them underwent decompressive craniectomy of the posterior fossa and survived. One @entity1 had only external ventricular drainage and died. Four out of the 5 medically treated @entity1 died during the acute phase. From these observations and several reports in the literature, it is concluded that both @entity548 and @entity1188 should be operated on as soon as progressive @entity1662 develops. This occurs more frequently in @entity1 with @entity548 than with @entity1188 . Individual decision-making in each case necessitates intensive neurosurgical observation.

title: Indications for surgical treatment of @entity548 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar haemorrhage', 'spontaneous cerebellar haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar infarction', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar lesions']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['deterioration of consciousness']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['infarction']


abstract: This report summarizes the outcome of 56 @entity1 with @entity76 of vascular origin, 40 @entity1 with @entity1188 , and 16 with @entity548 . All @entity1 had computerized tomography: occlusive @entity1276 was diagnosed in 75% of @entity1 with @entity548 and in 23% with @entity1188 . Nine out of 10 @entity1 survived after early surgical evacuation of the haematoma and 4 of them recovered completely. Two @entity1 underwent only external ventricular drainage (EVD), one died after 2 days, and the other recovered with a moderate deficit. Three of 4 medically treated @entity1 died within one week; all had developed occlusive @entity1276 . The fourth medically treated @entity1 recovered completely; consciousness had never deteriorated nor had occlusive @entity1276 developed. Among 40 @entity1 with @entity1188 , 13 developed progressive @entity1662 ; 7 of them underwent decompressive craniectomy of the posterior fossa and survived. One @entity1 had only external ventricular drainage and died. Four out of the 5 medically treated @entity1 died during the acute phase. From these observations and several reports in the literature, it is concluded that both @entity548 and @entity1188 should be operated on as soon as progressive @entity1662 develops. This occurs more frequently in @entity1 with @entity548 than with @entity1188 . Individual decision-making in each case necessitates intensive neurosurgical observation.

title: Indications for surgical treatment of XXXX and @entity1188 .

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['cerebellar haemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Stereotactic radiosurgery is well established for the treatment of @entity1313 but its use for @entity2 is novel. METHODS: Twenty-three @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity2 were recruited into a two-institution, dose-escalation, phase I clinical trial using a frameless stereotactic radiosurgery system (CyberKnife). Fifteen @entity1 had primary @entity2 and 8 had @entity3 . The age range was 23 to 87 years (mean, 63 years). After undergoing computed tomography-guided percutaneous placement of two to four small metal fiducials directly into the @entity5 , @entity1 received 1,500 cGY of radiation in a single fraction using a linear accelerator mounted on a computer-controlled robotic arm. Safety, feasibility, and efficacy were studied. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 were treated with a breath-holding technique, and 14 with a respiratory-gating, automated, robotic technique. @entity5 size ranged from 1 to 5 cm in maximal diameter. There were four complications related to fiducial placement: three pneumothoraces requiring chest tube insertion and one @entity2415 exacerbation. There were no grade 3 to 5 radiation-related complications. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 26 months (mean, 7.0 months). Radiographic response was scored as complete in 2 @entity1 , partial in 15, stable in 4, and progressive in 2. Four @entity1 died of non-treatment-related causes at 1, 5, 9, and 11 months after radiation. CONCLUSIONS: Single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery is safe and feasible for the treatment of selected @entity2 . Additional studies are planned to investigate the optimal radiation dose, best motion-suppression technique, and overall treatment efficacy.

title: Stereotactic radiosurgery for XXXX : preliminary report of a phase I trial.

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The endoventricular circular patch plasty (Dor procedure) applies to @entity1 with a left @entity67 due to an ischemic dilated ventricle. In the present study, we analyzed left ventricular energetics in @entity1 who underwent the Dor procedure. METHODS: We measured left ventricular contractility (end-systolic elastance; Ees), afterload (effective arterial elastance; Ea), and efficiency (ventriculoarterial coupling; Ea/Ees, and the ratio of @entity64 work and pressure-volume area; SW/ @entity939 ) based on the cardiac catheterization data before and after the Dor procedure in 8 @entity1 with a postinfarction dyskinetic @entity1002 . Concomitant procedures included coronary artery bypass grafting in all @entity1 , mitral valve repair in one @entity1 , and cryoablation in one @entity1 . End-systolic elastance (Ees) and Ea were approximated as follows: Ees = mean arterial pressure/minimal left ventricular volume, and Ea = maximal left ventricular pressure/(maximal left ventricular volume-minimal left ventricular volume), and thereafter Ea/Ees and SW/ @entity939 were calculated. The left ventricular volume was normalized with the body surface area. RESULTS: End-systolic elastance (Ees) increased after the Dor procedure (from 1.15 +/- 0.60 to 1.86 +/- 0.84 mm Hg x m2 x mL(-1), p < 0.01), thus resulting in an improvement in Ea/Ees and SW/ @entity939 (from 2.94 +/- 1.11 to 1.64 +/- 0.49, p < 0.01, and from 0.426 +/- 0.110 to 0.559 +/- 0.082, p < 0.01, respectively), even though Ea did not substantially change (from 2.96 +/- 0.78 to 2.74 +/- 0.55 mm Hg x m2 x mL(-1), p = 0.4). CONCLUSIONS: Left ventricular contractility and efficiency improves after the Dor procedure in @entity1 with a dyskinetic @entity1002 . However, afterload does not change. The use of appropriate afterload-reducing therapy thus plays an especially important role in the management of @entity1 who undergo the Dor procedure.

title: Ventricular energetics in endoventricular circular patch plasty for dyskinetic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['anterior left ventricular aneurysm']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['anterior left ventricular aneurysm']


abstract: PURPOSE: Recent trials with low-dose total skin electron beam (TSEB) therapy demonstrated encouraging results for treating primary @entity784 (PCTCL). In this study, we assessed the feasibility of different radiation doses and estimated survival rates of different pathologic entities and stages. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively identified 45 @entity1 with PCTCL undergoing TSEB therapy between 2000 and 2015. Clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and @entity137 were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 49 courses of TSEB therapy were administered to the 45 @entity1 . There were 26 pathologically confirmed cases of @entity4888 ( @entity4888 ) @entity706 , 10 cases of @entity4889 ( @entity4889 ), and 9 non- @entity4888 / @entity4889 PCTCL @entity1 . In the @entity4888 @entity1 , the overall response rate (ORR) was 92% (50% complete remission [CR]), 70% ORR in @entity4889 @entity1 (50% CR), and 89% ORR in non- @entity4888 / @entity4889 @entity1 (78% CR). The ORR for @entity4888 / @entity4889 @entity1 treated with conventional dose (30-36  Gy) regimens was 92% (63% CR) and 75% (25% CR) for low-dose (<30-Gy) regimens (P=.09). In @entity4888 @entity1 , the overall survival (OS) was 77  months with conventional dose regimens versus 14  months with low-dose regimens (P=.553). In @entity4889 @entity1 , the median OS was 48 versus 16  months (P=.219), respectively. Median event-free survival (EFS) for @entity4888 in conventional dose @entity1 versus low-dose @entity1 was 15 versus 8  months, respectively (P=.264) and 19 versus 3  months for @entity4889 @entity1 (P=.457). Low-dose regimens had shorter treatment time (P=.009) and lower grade 2 adverse events (P=.043). A second TSEB course was administered in 4  @entity4888 @entity1 with 100% ORR. There is a possible prognostic impact of supplemental/boost radiation (P<.001); adjuvant treatment (P<.001) and radiation tolerability (P=.021) were detected. CONCLUSIONS: TSEB therapy is an efficacious treatment modality in the treatment of several forms of @entity784 . There is a nonsignificant trend to higher and longer clinical benefit for @entity4888 and @entity4889 @entity1 receiving conventional dose. Low-dose TSEB regimens are well tolerated and achieve short-term palliation.

title: Total Skin Electron Beam for Primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4888 :: ('MESH:D009182', 'Disease') :: ['mycosis fungoides', 'MF']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity4889 :: ('MESH:D018455', 'Disease') :: ['SS', 'S  zary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous T-cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity784 :: (MESH:D016399,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma']


abstract: Purpose: : Increasing evidence has shown that @entity5 initiation and growth are nourished by a small subpopulation of @entity5 stem cells (CSCs) within the @entity5 mass. CSCs are posited to be responsible for @entity5 maintenance, growth, distant @entity3 , and relapse after curative operation. We examined the expression of CSC markers in paraffin-embedded tissue sections of @entity157 ( @entity157 ) and correlated the results with clinicopathologic characteristics. Materials and Methods: : Immunohistochemical staining for the markers believed to be expressed in the CSCs, including @entity5960 ( @entity5960 ), @entity4166 ( @entity4166 ), @entity5439 , and @entity2940 , was performed in 82 @entity157 specimens. Results: : @entity5960 expression was observed in 56% of the HCCs (46/82) and @entity4166 in 6% (5/82). @entity5960 expression in @entity157 significantly correlated with elevated a-fetoprotein level, microvessel invasion of @entity5 cells, and high histologic grade. In addition, @entity5960 expression significantly correlated with @entity4166 expression. The overall survival and relapse-free survival rates in @entity1 with @entity5960 -expressing @entity157 were relatively lower than those in @entity1 with @entity5960 -negative @entity157 . All but two of the 82 HCCs were negative for @entity5439 and @entity2940 , respectively. Conclusion: : Our results suggest that HCCs expressing @entity5960 are associated with unfavorable prognostic factors and have a more aggressive clinical course than those not expressing @entity5960 . Further, the expression of both @entity5439 and @entity2940 in paraffin-embedded @entity157 tissues appears to be rare.

title: Immunohistochemical Expression and Clinical Significance of Suggested Stem Cell Markers in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5960 :: ('4072', 'Gene') :: ['epithelial cell adhesion molecule', 'EpCAM']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['Hepatocellular Carcinoma']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity341 ( @entity341 ) overcrowding has reached crisis proportions in the United States. Many hospitals are seeking to identify process reengineering efforts to reduce crowding and @entity341 @entity1 length of stay (LOS). OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of a point-of-care testing (POCT) satellite laboratory in the @entity341 of a large academic medical center. SETTING: The @entity341 of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. DESIGN AND OUTCOME MEASURES: Evaluation of physician satisfaction, @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ), and @entity341 LOS before and after implementation of a POCT laboratory. @entity341 LOS was measured by @entity1 chart audits. @entity1054 was assessed by manual and computer audits. Clinician satisfaction surveys measured satisfaction with test @entity1054 and test accuracy. RESULTS: Blood @entity413 , urine @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin, urine dipstick, @entity908 kinase-MB, and troponin tests were performed in the @entity341 POCT laboratory. Test @entity1054 declined an average of 87% after the institution of POCT. The @entity341 LOS decreased for @entity1 who received pregnancy testing, urine dipstick, and cardiac markers. Although these differences were not significant for individual tests, when the tests were combined, the decreased LOS was, on average, 41.3 minutes (P =.006). Clinician satisfaction surveys documented equivalent satisfaction with test accuracy between the central laboratory and the POCT laboratory. These surveys also documented dissatisfaction with central laboratory @entity1054 and increased satisfaction with @entity1054 of the POCT program (P <.001). CONCLUSIONS: The POCT satellite laboratory decreased test @entity1054 and decreased @entity341 LOS. There was excellent satisfaction with test accuracy and @entity1054 .

title: Implementation of a point-of-care satellite laboratory in the emergency department of an academic medical center. Impact on test XXXX and @entity1 emergency department length of stay.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'Emergency department']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['turnaround time', 'TAT']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1054 :: (MESH:D000377,Disease) :: ['turnaround time']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity341 ( @entity341 ) overcrowding has reached crisis proportions in the United States. Many hospitals are seeking to identify process reengineering efforts to reduce crowding and @entity341 @entity1 length of stay (LOS). OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of a point-of-care testing (POCT) satellite laboratory in the @entity341 of a large academic medical center. SETTING: The @entity341 of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. DESIGN AND OUTCOME MEASURES: Evaluation of physician satisfaction, @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ), and @entity341 LOS before and after implementation of a POCT laboratory. @entity341 LOS was measured by @entity1 chart audits. @entity1054 was assessed by manual and computer audits. Clinician satisfaction surveys measured satisfaction with test @entity1054 and test accuracy. RESULTS: Blood @entity413 , urine @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin, urine dipstick, @entity908 kinase-MB, and troponin tests were performed in the @entity341 POCT laboratory. Test @entity1054 declined an average of 87% after the institution of POCT. The @entity341 LOS decreased for @entity1 who received pregnancy testing, urine dipstick, and cardiac markers. Although these differences were not significant for individual tests, when the tests were combined, the decreased LOS was, on average, 41.3 minutes (P =.006). Clinician satisfaction surveys documented equivalent satisfaction with test accuracy between the central laboratory and the POCT laboratory. These surveys also documented dissatisfaction with central laboratory @entity1054 and increased satisfaction with @entity1054 of the POCT program (P <.001). CONCLUSIONS: The POCT satellite laboratory decreased test @entity1054 and decreased @entity341 LOS. There was excellent satisfaction with test accuracy and @entity1054 .

title: Implementation of a point-of-care satellite laboratory in the emergency department of an academic medical center. Impact on test @entity1054 and XXXX emergency department length of stay.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: @entity2 mimicking the salivary gland-type @entity5 are extremely rare. These types of @entity5 originate from submucosal bronchial glands. @entity189 is an uncommon @entity5 in this group, and only 7 cases have been reported. It is considered to be a low-grade malignant @entity5 . We report a case of @entity189 of bronchial gland origin in a 73-year-old @entity1 who presented with coughing and @entity1353 . The bronchus of the left lower lobe contained a @entity5 mass that had a polypoid growth pattern. The @entity5 also extended into the pulmonary parenchyma, forming a well-circumscribed mass with a pushing margin. The @entity5 consisted of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. The epithelial cells were positive for cytokeratins and epithelial membrane antigen, while the myoepithelial cells were positive for @entity4483 protein and muscle-specific actin. According to these findings, we diagnosed @entity189 . After undergoing pneumonectomy, the @entity1 has been disease free for 34 months.

title: XXXX of the lung. A case report and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasms', 'neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Primary lung tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma', 'Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We recently reported that a majority of opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 therapy are @entity158 sensitive. It is postulated that common @entity6253 polymorphisms may be responsible. This study investigated the association between @entity17014 (dbSNP @entity39999 ) and @entity72446 (dbSNP @entity40000 ) variants on @entity158 responses among opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 maintenance therapy. METHODS: @entity158 responses including @entity158 threshold, @entity158 tolerance, and @entity158 intensity were measured using the cold pressor test. DNA was extracted from the venous blood before polymerase chain reaction genotyping. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the @entity158 responses and @entity6253 polymorphisms ( @entity17014 and @entity72446 ) using models including genotype dominant and recessive models, allelic additive models, and analysis of haplotypes and diplotypes. RESULTS: A total of 148 @entity1 were recruited. With the recessive model, those with IVS2+691 homozygous CC genotype had a shorter @entity158 tolerance time than those without CC genotype (i.e., GG/GC genotype; 29.81 vs. 43.08  s, respectively, P  =  0.048). On the other hand, with diplotype analysis, @entity1 with combined homozygous 118 AA genotype and heterozygous IVS2+691 GC genotype (i.e., AC/AG diplotype) had a longer @entity158 tolerance time than those without this diplotype (49.34 vs. 31.48  s, respectively, P  =  0.043). @entity158 threshold was not associated with any of the @entity17014 and @entity72446 variations despite being analyzed using various models (all P  >  0.05). CONCLUSION: The IVS2+691 CC genotype and AC/AG diplotype of @entity17014 and @entity72446 seem to have opposing roles in @entity158 tolerance among opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 therapy. Haplotypes of @entity6253 may be associated with altered binding affinity.

title: The Opposing Roles of IVS2+691 CC Genotype and AC/AG Diplotype of @entity17014 and XXXX of @entity6253 Polymorphisms in Cold Pain Tolerance Among Opioid-Dependent Malay Males on @entity284 Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'Cold pain', 'cold pain']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

answer: @entity72446 :: (c|SUB|G|IVS2+691|C,DNAMutation) :: ['IVS2+691G>C']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We recently reported that a majority of opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 therapy are @entity158 sensitive. It is postulated that common @entity6253 polymorphisms may be responsible. This study investigated the association between @entity17014 (dbSNP @entity39999 ) and @entity72446 (dbSNP @entity40000 ) variants on @entity158 responses among opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 maintenance therapy. METHODS: @entity158 responses including @entity158 threshold, @entity158 tolerance, and @entity158 intensity were measured using the cold pressor test. DNA was extracted from the venous blood before polymerase chain reaction genotyping. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the @entity158 responses and @entity6253 polymorphisms ( @entity17014 and @entity72446 ) using models including genotype dominant and recessive models, allelic additive models, and analysis of haplotypes and diplotypes. RESULTS: A total of 148 @entity1 were recruited. With the recessive model, those with IVS2+691 homozygous CC genotype had a shorter @entity158 tolerance time than those without CC genotype (i.e., GG/GC genotype; 29.81 vs. 43.08  s, respectively, P  =  0.048). On the other hand, with diplotype analysis, @entity1 with combined homozygous 118 AA genotype and heterozygous IVS2+691 GC genotype (i.e., AC/AG diplotype) had a longer @entity158 tolerance time than those without this diplotype (49.34 vs. 31.48  s, respectively, P  =  0.043). @entity158 threshold was not associated with any of the @entity17014 and @entity72446 variations despite being analyzed using various models (all P  >  0.05). CONCLUSION: The IVS2+691 CC genotype and AC/AG diplotype of @entity17014 and @entity72446 seem to have opposing roles in @entity158 tolerance among opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 therapy. Haplotypes of @entity6253 may be associated with altered binding affinity.

title: The Opposing Roles of IVS2+691 CC Genotype and AC/AG Diplotype of @entity17014 and @entity72446 of XXXX Polymorphisms in Cold Pain Tolerance Among Opioid-Dependent Malay Males on @entity284 Therapy.

answer: @entity6253 :: (4988,Gene) :: ['OPRM1']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We recently reported that a majority of opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 therapy are @entity158 sensitive. It is postulated that common @entity6253 polymorphisms may be responsible. This study investigated the association between @entity17014 (dbSNP @entity39999 ) and @entity72446 (dbSNP @entity40000 ) variants on @entity158 responses among opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 maintenance therapy. METHODS: @entity158 responses including @entity158 threshold, @entity158 tolerance, and @entity158 intensity were measured using the cold pressor test. DNA was extracted from the venous blood before polymerase chain reaction genotyping. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the @entity158 responses and @entity6253 polymorphisms ( @entity17014 and @entity72446 ) using models including genotype dominant and recessive models, allelic additive models, and analysis of haplotypes and diplotypes. RESULTS: A total of 148 @entity1 were recruited. With the recessive model, those with IVS2+691 homozygous CC genotype had a shorter @entity158 tolerance time than those without CC genotype (i.e., GG/GC genotype; 29.81 vs. 43.08  s, respectively, P  =  0.048). On the other hand, with diplotype analysis, @entity1 with combined homozygous 118 AA genotype and heterozygous IVS2+691 GC genotype (i.e., AC/AG diplotype) had a longer @entity158 tolerance time than those without this diplotype (49.34 vs. 31.48  s, respectively, P  =  0.043). @entity158 threshold was not associated with any of the @entity17014 and @entity72446 variations despite being analyzed using various models (all P  >  0.05). CONCLUSION: The IVS2+691 CC genotype and AC/AG diplotype of @entity17014 and @entity72446 seem to have opposing roles in @entity158 tolerance among opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 therapy. Haplotypes of @entity6253 may be associated with altered binding affinity.

title: The Opposing Roles of IVS2+691 CC Genotype and AC/AG Diplotype of @entity17014 and @entity72446 of @entity6253 Polymorphisms in Cold Pain Tolerance Among Opioid-Dependent Malay Males on XXXX Therapy.

answer: @entity284 :: (MESH:D008691,Chemical) :: ['Methadone']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We recently reported that a majority of opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 therapy are @entity158 sensitive. It is postulated that common @entity6253 polymorphisms may be responsible. This study investigated the association between @entity17014 (dbSNP @entity39999 ) and @entity72446 (dbSNP @entity40000 ) variants on @entity158 responses among opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 maintenance therapy. METHODS: @entity158 responses including @entity158 threshold, @entity158 tolerance, and @entity158 intensity were measured using the cold pressor test. DNA was extracted from the venous blood before polymerase chain reaction genotyping. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the @entity158 responses and @entity6253 polymorphisms ( @entity17014 and @entity72446 ) using models including genotype dominant and recessive models, allelic additive models, and analysis of haplotypes and diplotypes. RESULTS: A total of 148 @entity1 were recruited. With the recessive model, those with IVS2+691 homozygous CC genotype had a shorter @entity158 tolerance time than those without CC genotype (i.e., GG/GC genotype; 29.81 vs. 43.08  s, respectively, P  =  0.048). On the other hand, with diplotype analysis, @entity1 with combined homozygous 118 AA genotype and heterozygous IVS2+691 GC genotype (i.e., AC/AG diplotype) had a longer @entity158 tolerance time than those without this diplotype (49.34 vs. 31.48  s, respectively, P  =  0.043). @entity158 threshold was not associated with any of the @entity17014 and @entity72446 variations despite being analyzed using various models (all P  >  0.05). CONCLUSION: The IVS2+691 CC genotype and AC/AG diplotype of @entity17014 and @entity72446 seem to have opposing roles in @entity158 tolerance among opioid-dependent Malay males on @entity284 therapy. Haplotypes of @entity6253 may be associated with altered binding affinity.

title: The Opposing Roles of IVS2+691 CC Genotype and AC/AG Diplotype of XXXX and @entity72446 of @entity6253 Polymorphisms in Cold Pain Tolerance Among Opioid-Dependent Malay Males on @entity284 Therapy.

answer: @entity17014 :: (c|SUB|A|118|G,DNAMutation) :: ['118A>G']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Plant pathogens face different environmental clues depending on the stage of the @entity281 cycle they are in. @entity12069 infects small grain cereals producing @entity14472 @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) that act as virulence factor in the interaction with the plant and have important food safety implications. This study addresses at the proteomic level the effect of an environmental stimulus (such as the presence of a @entity4664 like @entity5261 ) possibly encountered by the fungus when it is already within the plant. Because biological diversity affects the proteome significantly, a multistrain (n=3) comparative approach was used to identify consistent effects caused on the fungus by the @entity1568 source ( @entity5261 or @entity367 ). Proteomics analyses were performed by the use of 2D-DIGE. Results showed that @entity5261 augmented @entity1892 production but not equally in all strains. The @entity4664 reshaped drastically the proteome of the fungus activating specific pathways linked to the translational control within the cell. Chromatin restructuring, ribosomal regulations, protein and mRNA processing enzymes were modulated by the @entity5261 stimulus as well as metabolic, structural and virulence-related proteins, suggesting the need to reshape specifically the fungal cell for @entity1892 production, a key step for the pathogen spread within the spike. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Induction of toxin synthesis by plant compounds plays a crucial role in toxin contamination of food and feed, in particular @entity14472 @entity1892 produced mainly by @entity12069 on @entity3505 . This work describes the level of diversity of 3 strains facing 2 toxin inducing plant derived compounds. This knowledge is of use for the research community on toxigenic Fusarium strains in cereals for understanding the role of fungal diversity in toxin inducibility. This work also suggests that environmental clues that can be found within the plant during @entity281 (like different @entity1568 compounds) are crucial stimuli for reshaping the proteome profile and consequently the specialization profiling of the fungus, ultimately leading to very different toxin contamination levels in the plant.

title: A XXXX -comparative proteomic approach identifies regulatory changes triggered by @entity5261 .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity14472 :: ('MESH:D014255', 'Chemical') :: ['trichothecenes']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity12069 :: ('5518', 'Species') :: ['Fusarium graminearum', 'F. graminearum']

entities_list: @entity5261 :: ('MESH:D000376', 'Chemical') :: ['agmatine']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

entities_list: @entity4664 :: ('CHEBI:60143', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamine']

answer: @entity12069 :: (5518,Species) :: ['Fusarium graminearum strain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Plant pathogens face different environmental clues depending on the stage of the @entity281 cycle they are in. @entity12069 infects small grain cereals producing @entity14472 @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) that act as virulence factor in the interaction with the plant and have important food safety implications. This study addresses at the proteomic level the effect of an environmental stimulus (such as the presence of a @entity4664 like @entity5261 ) possibly encountered by the fungus when it is already within the plant. Because biological diversity affects the proteome significantly, a multistrain (n=3) comparative approach was used to identify consistent effects caused on the fungus by the @entity1568 source ( @entity5261 or @entity367 ). Proteomics analyses were performed by the use of 2D-DIGE. Results showed that @entity5261 augmented @entity1892 production but not equally in all strains. The @entity4664 reshaped drastically the proteome of the fungus activating specific pathways linked to the translational control within the cell. Chromatin restructuring, ribosomal regulations, protein and mRNA processing enzymes were modulated by the @entity5261 stimulus as well as metabolic, structural and virulence-related proteins, suggesting the need to reshape specifically the fungal cell for @entity1892 production, a key step for the pathogen spread within the spike. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Induction of toxin synthesis by plant compounds plays a crucial role in toxin contamination of food and feed, in particular @entity14472 @entity1892 produced mainly by @entity12069 on @entity3505 . This work describes the level of diversity of 3 strains facing 2 toxin inducing plant derived compounds. This knowledge is of use for the research community on toxigenic Fusarium strains in cereals for understanding the role of fungal diversity in toxin inducibility. This work also suggests that environmental clues that can be found within the plant during @entity281 (like different @entity1568 compounds) are crucial stimuli for reshaping the proteome profile and consequently the specialization profiling of the fungus, ultimately leading to very different toxin contamination levels in the plant.

title: A @entity12069 -comparative proteomic approach identifies regulatory changes triggered by XXXX .

answer: @entity5261 :: (MESH:D000376,Chemical) :: ['agmatine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the specific antitumor immunity induced by antigen peptide mixture prepared from different @entity1619 cells and the cross-reaction among the mixtures of different cell lines. METHODS: Antigen peptide mixtures were prepared from different @entity1778 cell lines and then bound with @entity2285 in vitro. The activation and proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) were observed after the stimulation by different @entity2285 -peptide complexes. The @entity137 of such activated PBMCs to different target cells was assayed. RESULTS: The antigen peptides from different @entity1778 cell lines were mixed ones, which could activate PBMC effectively with @entity2285 and stimulate the activated PBMC to proliferate. The proliferative PBMC had specific @entity137 to the corresponding @entity1778 cells. To Hut-78 cell, Molt-4 cell and Jurkat cell, the @entity137 of PBMC activated by either Hut78-peptides or Molt-4-peptides was significantly stronger than that of PBMC activated by HL-60-peptides (P < 0.05). The @entity137 to Jurkat cell of PBMC activated by Hut78/Molt-4-peptides was significantly stronger than that of PBMC activated by Hut78-peptides or Molt-4-peptides alone (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Antigen peptide mixture from @entity1619 cells is able to induce specific antitumor immunity. There is a cross-reactivity among antigen peptide mixtures from different @entity1619 cell lines, with the more crossed antigen peptides obtained from the mixtures of different antigen peptides from different @entity1619 cell lines, which suggests that the antigen peptide mixture with broad antigenic spectrum could possibly be prepared by using multiple @entity1778 cell lines.

title: [Specific anti-tumor immunity and its cross-reaction induced by antigen peptide mixture prepared from different XXXX cell lines].

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['T lymphocytic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity1619 :: (MESH:D015458,Disease) :: ['T lymphocytic leukaemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity712 with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is prevalent and often accompanied by the @entity209 . Current treatment options are limited. Here we test the hypothesis that combined A1/A2B @entity859 receptor blockade is beneficial in obese ZSF1 @entity35 , an animal model of HFpEF with the @entity209 . @entity72447 , a combined A1/A2B receptor antagonist, was administered orally (10 mg/kg/day) to obese ZSF1 @entity35 (n=10) for 24 weeks (from 20 to 44 weeks-of-age). Untreated ZSF1 @entity35 (n=9) served as controls. After 24 weeks of administration, @entity72447 significantly lowered plasma @entity1674 (mg/dL: Control Group, 4351    550; @entity72447 Group, 2900    551) without adversely affecting plasma @entity165 or activating renin release. @entity72447 significantly decreased 24-hour urinary @entity413 excretion (mg/kg/day: Control Group, 823    179; @entity72447 Group, 196    80) and improved oral @entity413 tolerance, @entity4683 , and @entity2011 . @entity72447 significantly augmented left ventricular diastolic function in association with a @entity299 and @entity299 . @entity72447 significantly reduced 24-hour urinary protein excretion (mg/kg/day: Control Group, 1702    263; @entity72447 Group, 1076    238), and this was associated with a reduction in @entity628 , @entity194 , @entity384 , and deposition of proteinaceous material in the tubules. These findings show that in a model of HFpEF with the @entity209 , A1/A2B receptor inhibition improves @entity407 , exerts antidiabetic actions, reduces HFpEF, improves cardiac histopathology, and affords renal protection. We conclude that chronic administration of combined A1/A2B receptor antagonists could be beneficial in @entity1 with HFpEF, particularly those with comorbidities such as @entity28 , @entity6 , and @entity2299 .

title: Dual A1/A2B Receptor Blockade Improves Cardiac and Renal Outcomes in a @entity35 Model of XXXX with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['tubular dilation']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity628 :: ('MESH:D005923', 'Disease') :: ['focal segmental glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemias']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['tubular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in cardiac vasculitis', 'cardiac necrosis']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity712 with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is prevalent and often accompanied by the @entity209 . Current treatment options are limited. Here we test the hypothesis that combined A1/A2B @entity859 receptor blockade is beneficial in obese ZSF1 @entity35 , an animal model of HFpEF with the @entity209 . @entity72447 , a combined A1/A2B receptor antagonist, was administered orally (10 mg/kg/day) to obese ZSF1 @entity35 (n=10) for 24 weeks (from 20 to 44 weeks-of-age). Untreated ZSF1 @entity35 (n=9) served as controls. After 24 weeks of administration, @entity72447 significantly lowered plasma @entity1674 (mg/dL: Control Group, 4351    550; @entity72447 Group, 2900    551) without adversely affecting plasma @entity165 or activating renin release. @entity72447 significantly decreased 24-hour urinary @entity413 excretion (mg/kg/day: Control Group, 823    179; @entity72447 Group, 196    80) and improved oral @entity413 tolerance, @entity4683 , and @entity2011 . @entity72447 significantly augmented left ventricular diastolic function in association with a @entity299 and @entity299 . @entity72447 significantly reduced 24-hour urinary protein excretion (mg/kg/day: Control Group, 1702    263; @entity72447 Group, 1076    238), and this was associated with a reduction in @entity628 , @entity194 , @entity384 , and deposition of proteinaceous material in the tubules. These findings show that in a model of HFpEF with the @entity209 , A1/A2B receptor inhibition improves @entity407 , exerts antidiabetic actions, reduces HFpEF, improves cardiac histopathology, and affords renal protection. We conclude that chronic administration of combined A1/A2B receptor antagonists could be beneficial in @entity1 with HFpEF, particularly those with comorbidities such as @entity28 , @entity6 , and @entity2299 .

title: Dual A1/A2B Receptor Blockade Improves Cardiac and Renal Outcomes in a XXXX Model of @entity712 with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']


abstract: Male Fischer @entity35 received daily intraperitoneal injections of @entity205 (IV preparation containing CsA + @entity67203 ) diluted in @entity1219 or in @entity1219 + @entity67203 . At the dose of 100 mg and 50 mg/kg/day the animals developed @entity410 , @entity425 and died at 4-7 days. Light microscopy at 7 days in these @entity35 showed diffuse vacuolization of all segments of the proximal tubules which was very extensive in the outer stripe. At the dose of 25 mg and 15 mg/kg/day animals were free of symptoms and were sacrificed at day 15 for functional and histological studies. Light and electron microscopy showed cytoplasmic vacuolization in all segments of the proximal tubules. Crystal structures were observed in the experimental animals as well as in the control group that received @entity67203 + @entity1219 . The CsA blood levels were at the range of 134-236 ng/ml. Reduction of the glomerular filtration rate was observed in experimental animals as compared with the controls. We concluded that CsA is not the cause of an @entity1986 in the Fischer @entity35 and that CsA is nephrotoxic to all segments of the proximal tubules. The @entity67203 is the cause of the crystal structures seen in the proximal tubules.

title: XXXX nephrotoxicity in the Fischer @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity67203 :: ('MESH:C022131', 'Chemical') :: ['cremophor']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['motor weakness']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial nephritis']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['Cyclosporine']


abstract: Male Fischer @entity35 received daily intraperitoneal injections of @entity205 (IV preparation containing CsA + @entity67203 ) diluted in @entity1219 or in @entity1219 + @entity67203 . At the dose of 100 mg and 50 mg/kg/day the animals developed @entity410 , @entity425 and died at 4-7 days. Light microscopy at 7 days in these @entity35 showed diffuse vacuolization of all segments of the proximal tubules which was very extensive in the outer stripe. At the dose of 25 mg and 15 mg/kg/day animals were free of symptoms and were sacrificed at day 15 for functional and histological studies. Light and electron microscopy showed cytoplasmic vacuolization in all segments of the proximal tubules. Crystal structures were observed in the experimental animals as well as in the control group that received @entity67203 + @entity1219 . The CsA blood levels were at the range of 134-236 ng/ml. Reduction of the glomerular filtration rate was observed in experimental animals as compared with the controls. We concluded that CsA is not the cause of an @entity1986 in the Fischer @entity35 and that CsA is nephrotoxic to all segments of the proximal tubules. The @entity67203 is the cause of the crystal structures seen in the proximal tubules.

title: @entity205 nephrotoxicity in the Fischer XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psychogenic @entity717 pose formidable challenges to diagnosis and treatment reflecting our limited understanding of the basic brain mechanisms that cause them. Recently, functional brain imaging has been utilized to study @entity717 . OBJECTIVES: To identify characteristic patterns of cerebral perfusion distinguishing psychogenic @entity400 (PT) from essential @entity400 (ET). METHODS: We studied five @entity1 each with PT, ET and normal controls. SPECT imaging was performed at rest and during a @entity400 -inducing motor task. RESULTS: In ET, rest imaging revealed increased @entity13279 (relative cerebral blood flow) in cerebellar hemispheres and @entity75 . During the motor task, ET @entity1 demonstrated increased @entity13279 in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and contralateral motor cortex and reduced @entity13279 in the cerebellum and visual cortex. In contrast, PT images at rest revealed increased @entity13279 in @entity1002 . Motor task imaging revealed increased @entity13279 in the cerebellum and reduced @entity13279 in anterior regions of the default mode network. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed distinct patterns of cerebral perfusion during rest and motor task that distinguish PT from ET. Deactivation of the default mode network may serve as a marker for @entity717 .

title: SPECT perfusion patterns distinguish psychogenic from essential XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['left inferior frontal gyrus']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left inferior frontal gyrus and left insula']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders', 'psychogenic movement disorders']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['tremor']


abstract: Over a period of 30 months, 64 @entity1 with concurrently positive @entity1956 surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody (anti-HBs) were identified at two institutions. When all assays were considered, 23.9% of HBsAg-positive individuals exhibited anti-HBs. Both persistent HBsAg/anti-HBs positivity and variable changes in antigen or antibody status were observed among the 36 @entity1 with follow-up beyond six months. When compared to a control group, these @entity1 did not exhibit differences in risk factors for acquiring @entity1956 or in clinical and histological diagnoses. Concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs was present at detection in 25 patients, while antibody appeared in the remaining 11 subjects. Subsequently, it was undetectable in seven of these 36 @entity1 ; no clinical changes occurred at the time of acquisition or loss of the antibody. The titer of the antibody was below 10 mIU/ml in 75% of these individuals. In 10 @entity1 , the subtype of HBsAg was ad, while the anti-HBs was anti-y. Concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs is a pattern frequently observed throughout the spectrum of @entity1956 -related events. The heterotypic antibody in these @entity1 is of a low titer, and its appearance or disappearance is not associated with changes in the clinical course; simultaneous HBsAg/anti-HBs positivity does not appear to reflect a distinct clinical entity.

title: Clinical significance of concurrent XXXX surface antigen and antibody positivity.

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['hepatitis B']


abstract: Fondaparinux (Arixtra) is the first of a new class of selective indirect @entity5582 -dependent factor Xa inhibitors, which inhibits thrombin generation. Fondaparinux is a completely synthetic @entity23868 . It is a single molecular entity with a well-defined pharmacological target. Fondaparinux has nearly complete bioavailability after subcutaneous injection. The pharmacokinetics of fondaparinux appears predictable and consistent. The peak plasma level is obtained about 2 h after the subcutaneous injection, indicating that a rapid onset of antithrombotic activity is obtained on initiation of treatment. The elimination half-life is about 17 h and it is dose-independent, which allows a convenient once-daily dosing regimen. Fondaparinux is eliminated exclusively by the kidneys. Thus, the estimation of the renal function especially in elderly @entity1 is important for the treatment with @entity27408 , whereas it is contraindicated in @entity1 with severe @entity177 . Phase II clinical studies have identified a subcutaneous dose of 2.5 mg once daily for prophylaxis of @entity1211 in @entity1 undergoing major orthopaedic surgery. Four phase-III clinical trials using bilateral phlebography for the diagnosis of @entity11942 , demonstrated a combined 50% relative risk reduction of asymptomatic venous @entity1031 in orthopaedic surgery @entity1 in comparison to the low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin. @entity548 for fondaparinux were either comparable or higher than those for LMWH but the authors did not judge that the increased bleeding was clinically relevant. A dose ranging study led to the selection of the dose of 7.5 mg at a single daily subcutaneous injection as optimal for the treatment of VTE. In two phase III clinical trials, the dose of 7.5 mg/day is expected to be as efficacious and safe as heparin for the treatment of @entity11942 or PE, respectively. Phase II studies show that the efficacy-to-safety ratio of fondaparinux in the treatment of @entity1459 or as an adjunct to thrombolysis in acute @entity583 is promising. These results demonstrated that a single anti-Xa agent devoid of @entity5582 activity is a potent antithrombotic drug. Fondaparinux has obtained FDA and European health authorities approval. Its use on a large scale will allow the evaluation of its efficacy and tolerance in the daily clinical practice. Chemical modifications of the original synthetic @entity23868 increase the affinity to @entity1129 resulting in a more potent inhibition of @entity6236 and longer half-life. Idraparinux is the first of these new oligosaccharides that we named "meta-pentasaccharides." After subcutaneous injection the half-life of idraparinux is about 80 h allowing a single injection per week. A dose-finding study has established the optimal dose given once a week to be compared with @entity1229 for the treatment of @entity11942 .

title: Evaluation of the pharmacological properties and clinical results of the synthetic XXXX (fondaparinux).

entities_list: @entity23868 :: ('CHEBI:35369', 'Chemical') :: ['pentasaccharide']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Hemorrhagic complications']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

entities_list: @entity27408 :: ('MESH:C438268', 'Chemical') :: ['fondaparinux']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic events']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity23868 :: (CHEBI:35369,Chemical) :: ['pentasaccharide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lower socioeconomic position (SEP) is associated with an increased risk of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) incidence and mortality, but the relative importance of different socioeconomic resources at different stages of the disease remains unclear. METHODS: A nationally representative register-based sample of 40- to 60-year-old Finnish @entity1 and @entity1 in 1995 (n = 302 885) were followed up for @entity583 incidence and mortality in 1996-2007. We compared the effects of education, occupation, income and wealth on first @entity583 incidence, first-day and long-term fatality. Cox's proportional hazards regression and logistic regression models were estimated adjusting for SEP covariates simultaneously to assess independent effects. RESULTS: Fully adjusted models showed greatest relative inequalities of @entity583 incidence by wealth in both sexes, with an increased risk also associated with manual occupations. Education was a significant predictor of incidence in @entity1 . Low income was associated with a greater risk of @entity204 on the day of @entity583 incidence [odds ratio (OR) = 1.40 in @entity1 and 1.95 in @entity1 when comparing lowest and highest income quintiles], and in @entity1 , with long-term fatality [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.74]. Wealth contributed to inequalities in first-day fatality in @entity1 and in long-term fatality in both sexes. CONCLUSION: The results show that different socioeconomic resources have diverse effects on the disease process and add new evidence on the significant association of wealth with @entity299 onset and fatality. Targeting those with the least resources could improve survival in @entity583 @entity1 and help reduce social inequalities in @entity301 mortality.

title: Disentangling the relative importance of different socioeconomic resources for XXXX incidence and survival: a longitudinal study of over 300 000 Finnish adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Self-report bias in surveys of @entity285 consumption is widely documented; however, less is known about the distribution of such bias by socioeconomic status (SES) and about the possible impact on social disparities. This study aims to assess social disparities in @entity457 ( @entity457 ) and to analyze how correcting @entity285 consumption data for self-report bias may affect estimates of disparities. METHODS: National survey data from 13 countries, Canada, England, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Spain, Switzerland and USA, are used to examine social disparities in @entity457 by SES and education level. Defining @entity457 as drinking above 3 drinks/day for @entity1 and 2 for @entity1 , social disparities were assessed by calculating country-level concentration indexes. Aggregate consumption data were used to correct survey-based estimates for self-report bias. RESULTS: Survey data show that more-educated @entity1 are more likely than less-educated @entity1 to engage in @entity457 , while the opposite is observed in @entity1 in most countries. Large discrepancies in @entity285 consumption between survey-based and aggregate estimates were found. Correcting for self-report bias increased estimates of social disparities in @entity1 , and decreased them in @entity1 , to the point that gradients were reversed in several countries (from higher rates in low education/SES @entity1 to an opposite pattern). CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence of a likely misestimation of social disparities in @entity457 , in both @entity1 and @entity1 , due to self-report bias in @entity285 consumption surveys. This study contributes to a better knowledge of the social dimensions of @entity457 and to the targeting of @entity285 policies.

title: Social disparities in hazardous XXXX use: self-report bias may lead to incorrect estimates.

entities_list: @entity457 :: ('MESH:D063425', 'Disease') :: ['hazardous drinking', 'HD']

answer: @entity285 :: (D000431,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: In this article we give an overview of the transmissible spongiform @entity75 , with emphasis on the evidence for the distribution of abnormal prions in tissues. The normal @entity3669 is distributed ubiquitously throughout @entity1 body tissues. Endogenous expression of the normal @entity3669 , as well as auxiliary proteins, plays a part in accumulation of the abnormal @entity3669 . As exemplified by @entity3605 ( @entity3605 ) the abnormal @entity3669 can accumulate in the host lymphoid system, in particular the follicular dendritic cells. The route for the disease-related prion neuroinvasion is likely to involve the peripheral nervous system. An alternative route may involve blood constituents. Both animal studies and studies on @entity3605 @entity1 suggest a potential for abnormal prion distribution in several peripheral tissues other than the lymphoreticular system. In @entity1 beings the abnormal prion has been reported in the brain, tonsils, spleen, lymph node, retina, and proximal optic nerve. Infectivity, although present in peripheral tissues, is at lower levels than in the central nervous system (CNS). Animal models suggest that the growth of infectivity in the CNS is likely to be gradual with maximum values during the clinical phase of disease. That tissues may harbour the abnormal prion, at different levels of infectivity, during the incubation period of the disease raises concerns of iatrogenic transmission of the disease either after surgery, blood transfusion, or accidental organ transplantation from donors in the preclinical phase of the disease.

title: Organ distribution of prion proteins in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathies']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3605 :: ('MESH:D007562', 'Disease') :: ['vCJD', 'variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease']

answer: @entity3605 :: (MESH:D007562,Disease) :: ['variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease']


abstract: @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) is a nodal B lymphoid malignancy that originates from the germinal center of a lymph node. @entity1893 is the second most frequent @entity706 subtype. The course of the disease is usually characterised by a typically indolent clinical course, with a median survival rate of 8-10 years, although most @entity1 relapse after treatment. Diagnosis should always be based on a surgical specimen like an excisional node lymph biopsy. The first-line treatment of @entity1893 will depend of extension disease, @entity5 burden, @entity1 symptoms, performance status and also @entity1 decision. The addition of rituximab to conventional chemotherapy has improved ORR, PFS and @entity3012 . As first line in @entity1 that need treatment, a combination of chemotherapy with rituximab induction followed by 2 years of rituximab maintenance is the best option. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation in first line has not shown improvement and is not recommended as first-line therapy. Before any treatment decision in relapsed @entity1 , a repeat biopsy is mandatory to rule out a transformation into large cell @entity146 . Standard treatment is controversial, depends on the efficacy of prior treatment, duration of the time-to-relapse, @entity1 's age and histological findings at relapse.

title: SEOM clinical guidelines for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['FL', "Follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: @entity260 ( @entity260 ) after esophagectomy have been reported to occur in 15-30% of @entity1 and are the most common causes of major morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for the development of @entity260 include @entity73 , cardiac reserve, aerobic capacity, and body composition. Physical activity is associated with these factors but has not been examined in relation to the risk of developing a PPC. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate if there was a difference in physical activity levels, lung function, and body composition in @entity1 who developed a PPC post-esphagectomy compared with those who did not. Consecutive @entity1 were studied preoperatively: (i) lung function with a portable micro-medical spirometer; (ii) body composition analysis using a Tanita BC 418 machine (Tanita Corp., Tokyo, Japan); and (iii) physical activity with an accelerometer (RT3, (StayHealthy, Monrovia, CA, USA)). Thirty-seven @entity1 were studied, mean age 61    9 years. @entity260 developed in 10 @entity1 (27%). Smoking status, lung function, and body composition were similar in both groups. For physical activity, there were significant differences in the time spent sedentary (20.0    1.5 h/day [PPC], 18.4    2.1 h/day [non-PPC]; P < 0.05) and in moderate activity (20    13.7 min/day [PPC], 36    20.7 min/day [non PPC]; P < 0.01). @entity1 who developed a PPC engaged in less physical activity than those who did not; hence, targeting physical activity preoperatively may result in less @entity260 .

title: Preoperative physical activity levels and XXXX post-esophagectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment in lung function']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pulmonary complications', 'PPCs']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['postoperative pulmonary complications']


abstract: Subgroup J avian leucosis virus ( @entity3322 -J) causes great economic losses in the poultry industry. One in 3 grandparent farms was closed due to @entity3322 -J infection in 1998 in Taiwan. The remaining 2 farms were forced to import breeding chicks from different breeding companies afterwards. We report on the @entity3322 -J infection status among these breeders, their progeny and Taiwan native @entity1573 during 2000-2002. The weekly mortality for the male line among the infected breeders was higher than that for the female line. Sixty-three percent (5/8) of the broiler flocks were infected with @entity3322 -J. The surface (SU) portion of the @entity72448 gene from the @entity3322 -J field isolates was cloned and sequenced. The phylogenetic results show that all of the isolates fell into 2 clusters. Unexpectedly, the isolates from the same breeds fell into different clusters, with a cluster including isolates from different breeding companies. @entity3322 -Js from native @entity1573 crossbred with imported @entity1573 were placed into the same clusters as those from the imported breeds. The high similarities observed in different @entity3322 -J isolates suggest that different @entity3322 -Js were mixed in the pedigree generations in different breeding lines.

title: Phylogenetic analysis of subgroup J avian leucosis virus from broiler and native XXXX in Taiwan during 2000-2002.

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chickens']


abstract: @entity4750 (or @entity24602 ), also known as folie    deux, is a fairly uncommon disturbance characterized by the presence of similar @entity716 in two or more individuals. Most often the symptoms are delusional. Usually the 'primary' case, i.e. the individual who first develops @entity716 , can be distinguished from one or more 'secondary' cases, in whom the symptoms are induced. We discuss the concept of @entity24602 and consider various aetiological, clinical and diagnostic issues related to the disturbance. We also describe a case of folie    famille, this condition being a type of @entity24602 . The case involves a couple and their 12-year-old son. The @entity1 's father is the 'primary' case, whilst the @entity1 and his mother are both 'secondary' cases. The @entity1 was admitted to our @entity1 and adolescent psychiatric unit for in- @entity1 treatment. Treatment success was moderate in terms of improving the features of folie    famille in the three individuals involved.

title: XXXX . a review of the concept and an unusual case of folie    famille.

entities_list: @entity24602 :: ('MESH:D012753', 'Disease') :: ['shared paranoid disorder']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'boy', 'child']

entities_list: @entity4750 :: ('MESH:D012563', 'Disease') :: ['Induced delusional disorder']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptoms']

answer: @entity4750 :: (MESH:D012563,Disease) :: ['Induced delusional disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Malnutrition represents a serious health care threat, as it increases morbidity, mortality and health care cost. The effective screening and treatment with enteral (EN) or @entity5275 ( @entity5275 ) nutrition are the key elements of the policy called Optimal Nutrition Care for All (ONCA). The study tried to analyze the impact of the state's economy on the implementation of EN and @entity5275 to define its role in ONCA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: an international survey in twenty two European countries was performed between January and December 2014. An electronic questionnaire was distributed to 22 representatives of clinical nutrition ( @entity8907 ) societies. The questionnaire comprised questions regarding country economy, reimbursement, education and the use EN and @entity5275 . Return rate was 90.1% (n  =  20). RESULTS: EN and @entity5275 were used in all countries surveyed (100%), but to different extent. The country's income significantly influenced the reimbursement for EN and @entity5275 (p  <  0.05). It was also associated with the overall use of tube feeding and @entity5275 (p  =  0.05), but not with the use of oral nutritional supplements (p  =  0.165). The use of both, EN and @entity5275 at hospitals was not depended on the economy (p  >  0.05). Education was actively carried out in all countries, however the teaching at the pre-graduate level was the least widespread, and also correlated with the country income (p  =  0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Results indicated that economic situation influences all aspects of ONCA, including education and treatment. The reimbursement for EN and @entity5275 seemed to be the key factor of effective campaign against @entity3147 .

title: Economy matters to fight against XXXX : Results from a multicenter survey.

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity5275 :: ('MESH:D015819', 'Disease') :: ['parenteral', 'PN']

answer: @entity3147 :: (MESH:D044342,Disease) :: ['malnutrition']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although the prevalence of @entity2023 ( @entity2023 ) is increasing, relatively little is known about @entity1 characteristics in Spain. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical profile and therapeutic strategies in @entity1 attending Spanish specialists for @entity2023 caused by grass pollen or house-dust mites (HDMs). METHODS: This was a multicenter cross-sectional epidemiological study of consecutive @entity1 aged >= 5 years with confirmed diagnosis of @entity2023 caused by grass pollen or HDMs attending @entity566 specialists throughout Spain. Demographic and clinical data and information on treatment were collected. RESULTS: Data from 1043 @entity1 were analyzed (524 with grass pollen @entity566 and 519 with @entity566 ; mean age, 27.1 years). Three-quarters had persistent @entity2023 as per the @entity2023 and Its Impact on Asthma ( @entity6048 ) definition, with disease duration of >2 years in 94.3% of those with pollen @entity566 and 85.5% of those with @entity566 . Approximately 38% had concurrent @entity565 . Over one-half of the @entity1 were considered to have gotten worse since the first onset of symptoms. In total, 51.5% did not achieve @entity66 control with pharmacotherapy and 47.7% were treated with immunotherapy (52.2% of HDM allergic @entity1 and 43.2% of grass pollen-allergic @entity1 ). CONCLUSION: The duration of @entity2023 in @entity1 attended for the first time by specialists is long and, in general, the disease does not improve over time and is often not well controlled with pharmacologic interventions. Less than one-half of @entity1 receive allergen-specific immunotherapy that is more often prescribed in @entity566 .

title: Epidemiology of XXXX caused by grass pollen or house-dust mites in Spain.

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['AR', 'Allergic Rhinitis', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['good disease']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy', 'HDM allergy']

answer: @entity2023 :: (MESH:D006255,Disease) :: ['allergic rhinitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of tear osmolarity in the diagnosis of @entity2194 . DESIGN: A prospective, observational case series to determine the clinical usefulness of tear osmolarity and commonly used objective tests to diagnose @entity2194 . METHODS: A multicenter, 10-site study consisting of 314 consecutive subjects between 18 and 82 years of age. Bilateral tear osmolarity, @entity6724 ( @entity6724 ), corneal staining, conjunctival staining, Schirmer test, and meibomian gland grading were performed. Diagnostic performance was measured against a composite index of objective measurements that classified subjects as having normal, mild or moderate, or severe @entity936 . The main outcome measures were sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and intereye variability. RESULTS: Of the 6 tests, tear osmolarity was found to have superior diagnostic performance. The most sensitive threshold between normal and mild or moderate subjects was found to be 308 mOsms/L, whereas the most specific was found at 315 mOsms/L. At a cutoff of 312 mOsms/L, tear hyperosmolarity exhibited 73% sensitivity and 92% specificity. By contrast, the other common tests exhibited either poor sensitivity (corneal staining, 54%; conjunctival staining, 60%; meibomian gland grading, 61%) or poor specificity ( @entity6724 , 45%; Schirmer test, 51%). Tear osmolarity also had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.89). Intereye differences in osmolarity were found to correlate with increasing disease severity (r(2) = 0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Tear osmolarity is the best single metric both to diagnose and classify @entity2194 . Intereye variability is a characteristic of @entity936 not seen in normal subjects.

title: Tear osmolarity in the diagnosis and management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye disease']

entities_list: @entity6724 :: ('MESH:D019457', 'Disease') :: ['tear film break-up time', 'TBUT']

answer: @entity2194 :: (MESH:D005128,Disease) :: ['dry eye disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity11669 is a competitive inhibitor of intestinal alpha-glycosidases that slows the breakdown of @entity969 and starch, thereby reducing @entity413 and @entity948 absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of @entity11669 treatment on antioxidant parameters and deposition of type I collagen in the parotid glands of @entity6 @entity35 . METHODS: @entity6 was induced by intravenous injection of @entity3839 , and @entity35 were divided into four groups: non- @entity6 (NDM), @entity6 ( @entity3918 ), @entity6 treated with 25mg/kg @entity11669 ( @entity3496 ) and non- @entity6 treated with @entity11669 (NDMA). Changes in enzymatic antioxidant systems, such as the activity of SOD and GPx enzymes, were evaluated, and the specific staining pattern of the type I collagen fibres was investigated in the @entity35 parotid glands. RESULTS: The @entity3918 group presented high levels of SOD and GPx enzymes, which were reduced by @entity11669 treatment. Tissue damage, which was indicated by an increased @entity1865 concentration in the parotid glands of @entity35 in the @entity3918 group, was also reversed in the @entity3496 group. Moreover, type I collagen fibres from @entity3918 @entity35 were more intensely stained than those of NDM @entity35 . @entity11669 treatment was effective in decreasing collagen deposition, which was shown by a decrease in staining intensity of approximately 25%. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the @entity6 state influences the type I collagen concentration in the parotid glands of @entity35 . In addition, @entity11669 treatment was helpful in preventing the deposition of such fibres, as well the increase in oxidative stress induced by @entity4854 .

title: Alterations of antioxidant biomarkers and type I collagen deposition in the parotid gland of XXXX -induced @entity6 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'Diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity11669 :: ('MESH:D020909', 'Chemical') :: ['acarbose', 'Acarbose']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity3839 :: (MESH:D013311,Chemical) :: ['streptozotocin']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity11669 is a competitive inhibitor of intestinal alpha-glycosidases that slows the breakdown of @entity969 and starch, thereby reducing @entity413 and @entity948 absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of @entity11669 treatment on antioxidant parameters and deposition of type I collagen in the parotid glands of @entity6 @entity35 . METHODS: @entity6 was induced by intravenous injection of @entity3839 , and @entity35 were divided into four groups: non- @entity6 (NDM), @entity6 ( @entity3918 ), @entity6 treated with 25mg/kg @entity11669 ( @entity3496 ) and non- @entity6 treated with @entity11669 (NDMA). Changes in enzymatic antioxidant systems, such as the activity of SOD and GPx enzymes, were evaluated, and the specific staining pattern of the type I collagen fibres was investigated in the @entity35 parotid glands. RESULTS: The @entity3918 group presented high levels of SOD and GPx enzymes, which were reduced by @entity11669 treatment. Tissue damage, which was indicated by an increased @entity1865 concentration in the parotid glands of @entity35 in the @entity3918 group, was also reversed in the @entity3496 group. Moreover, type I collagen fibres from @entity3918 @entity35 were more intensely stained than those of NDM @entity35 . @entity11669 treatment was effective in decreasing collagen deposition, which was shown by a decrease in staining intensity of approximately 25%. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the @entity6 state influences the type I collagen concentration in the parotid glands of @entity35 . In addition, @entity11669 treatment was helpful in preventing the deposition of such fibres, as well the increase in oxidative stress induced by @entity4854 .

title: Alterations of antioxidant biomarkers and type I collagen deposition in the parotid gland of @entity3839 -induced XXXX @entity35 .

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity11669 is a competitive inhibitor of intestinal alpha-glycosidases that slows the breakdown of @entity969 and starch, thereby reducing @entity413 and @entity948 absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of @entity11669 treatment on antioxidant parameters and deposition of type I collagen in the parotid glands of @entity6 @entity35 . METHODS: @entity6 was induced by intravenous injection of @entity3839 , and @entity35 were divided into four groups: non- @entity6 (NDM), @entity6 ( @entity3918 ), @entity6 treated with 25mg/kg @entity11669 ( @entity3496 ) and non- @entity6 treated with @entity11669 (NDMA). Changes in enzymatic antioxidant systems, such as the activity of SOD and GPx enzymes, were evaluated, and the specific staining pattern of the type I collagen fibres was investigated in the @entity35 parotid glands. RESULTS: The @entity3918 group presented high levels of SOD and GPx enzymes, which were reduced by @entity11669 treatment. Tissue damage, which was indicated by an increased @entity1865 concentration in the parotid glands of @entity35 in the @entity3918 group, was also reversed in the @entity3496 group. Moreover, type I collagen fibres from @entity3918 @entity35 were more intensely stained than those of NDM @entity35 . @entity11669 treatment was effective in decreasing collagen deposition, which was shown by a decrease in staining intensity of approximately 25%. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the @entity6 state influences the type I collagen concentration in the parotid glands of @entity35 . In addition, @entity11669 treatment was helpful in preventing the deposition of such fibres, as well the increase in oxidative stress induced by @entity4854 .

title: Alterations of antioxidant biomarkers and type I collagen deposition in the parotid gland of @entity3839 -induced @entity6 XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: @entity1398 is a rare disease. A family with four affected newborns is described in which the course of the disease aggravated from the first to the third @entity1 . The third @entity1 died from generalized infection. In the mother's serum specific antibodies against neutrophils (anti-NA 1) were detected which reacted with cell suspensions from the father and the other @entity1 . In the fourth @entity1 no neutrophils were present even immediately after birth. In this @entity1 the diaplacental transferred antibodies were detectable in falling concentrations over 8 weeks. The number of neutrophils normalized when the antibodies disappeared. Infection in the newborn was prevented by care in an environment poor in bacteria and by antimicrobial prophylaxis. Repeated exchange transfusions with NA 1-free blood only lowered the antibody titer. Transfusions of white blood cell concentrates had only shortlived effects on the @entity1398 .

title: [ XXXX : clinical observations and therapeutic results].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Alloimmune neonatal neutropenia', 'neutropenia']

answer: @entity1398 :: (MESH:D009503,Disease) :: ['Alloimmune neonatal neutropenia']


abstract: The @entity262 ( @entity262 ), used mainly for commercial and recreational navigation and for urban drainage, is a 122.8 km branching network of navigable waterways controlled by hydraulic structures. The @entity262 receives pollutant loads from 3 of the largest wastewater treatment plants in the world, nearly 240 gravity Combined Sewer Overflows (CSO), 3 CSO pumping stations, direct diversions from Lake Michigan, and eleven tributary streams or drainage areas. Even though treatment plant effluent concentrations meet the applicable standards and most reaches of the @entity262 meet the applicable water quality standards, Dissolved @entity26 (DO) standards are not met in the @entity262 during some periods. A Use Attainability Analysis was initiated to evaluate what water quality standards can be achieved in the @entity262 . The UAA team identified several DO improvement alternatives including new supplementary aeration stations. Because of the dynamic nature of the @entity262 , the DUFLOW model that is capable of simulating hydraulics and water quality processes under unsteady-flow conditions was used to evaluate the effectiveness of new supplementary aeration stations. This paper details the use of the DUFLOW model to size and locate supplementary aeration stations. In order to determine the size and location of supplemental aeration stations, 90% compliance with a 5 mg/l DO standard was used as a planning target. The simulations showed that a total of four new supplementary aeration stations with @entity26 supply capacities ranging from 30 to 80 g/s would be sufficient to meet the proposed target DO concentration for the North Branch and South Branch of the Chicago River. There are several aeration technologies, two of which are already being used in the @entity262 , available and the UAA team determined that the total capital costs of the alternatives range from  35.5 to  89.9 million with annual operations and maintenance costs ranging from  554,000 to  2.14 million. Supplemental aeration stations have been shown to be a potentially effective means to improve DO concentrations in the @entity262 and will be included in developing an integrated strategy for improving water quality in the @entity262 .

title: Allocation of supplementary aeration stations in the Chicago waterway system for dissolved XXXX improvement.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['CWS', 'Chicago Waterway System']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']