abstract: BACKGROUND: Decreased sexual interest and function both occur as a consequence of antidepressant medication use, and are especially associated with @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SRIs). However, few investigators have reported the base rate for disturbances in sexual desire, arousal and orgasm or ejaculation in @entity1 with @entity308 ( @entity308 ) prior to antidepressant treatment. The purpose of this report is to define the frequency of @entity250 ( @entity250 ) in 134 @entity1 with @entity308 and examine the relationship between @entity250 and demographic, clinical and personality variables. METHOD: A consecutive series of 55 male and 79 female @entity308 @entity1 diagnosed by @entity915 -DSM IV assessment completed a series of psychometric measures including a Sexual Function Questionnaire, which asked about change in sexual interest and function as well as sexual activity during the preceding month. RESULTS: Only 50% of @entity1 and 75% of @entity1 reported sexual activity during the preceding month. Over 40% of @entity1 and 50% of @entity1 reported decreased sexual interest. Reduced levels of arousal were more common in both @entity1 and @entity1 (40-50%) than ejaculatory or orgasm difficulties (15-20%). In @entity1 , problems with arousal and orgasm correlated with higher @entity663 and lower extraversion. There was no relationship between @entity250 and personality measures in @entity1 . While age at onset of @entity308 and number of prior episodes showed a modest correlation with @entity250 measures, there were no correlations with severity of @entity308 or specific symptoms clusters. LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS: Although limited by a relatively small sample of drug free @entity1 with @entity308 , and by the absence of a non-depressed comparison sample, these results emphasize the importance of factors beyond specific drug effects in the assessment of antidepressant related @entity250 .

title: @entity250 before antidepressant therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'major depression', 'MD']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity663 :: ('MESH:C564323', 'Disease') :: ['neuroticism']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction', 'SD']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['major depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Decreased sexual interest and function both occur as a consequence of antidepressant medication use, and are especially associated with @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SRIs). However, few investigators have reported the base rate for disturbances in sexual desire, arousal and orgasm or ejaculation in @entity1 with @entity308 ( @entity308 ) prior to antidepressant treatment. The purpose of this report is to define the frequency of @entity250 ( @entity250 ) in 134 @entity1 with @entity308 and examine the relationship between @entity250 and demographic, clinical and personality variables. METHOD: A consecutive series of 55 male and 79 female @entity308 @entity1 diagnosed by @entity915 -DSM IV assessment completed a series of psychometric measures including a Sexual Function Questionnaire, which asked about change in sexual interest and function as well as sexual activity during the preceding month. RESULTS: Only 50% of @entity1 and 75% of @entity1 reported sexual activity during the preceding month. Over 40% of @entity1 and 50% of @entity1 reported decreased sexual interest. Reduced levels of arousal were more common in both @entity1 and @entity1 (40-50%) than ejaculatory or orgasm difficulties (15-20%). In @entity1 , problems with arousal and orgasm correlated with higher @entity663 and lower extraversion. There was no relationship between @entity250 and personality measures in @entity1 . While age at onset of @entity308 and number of prior episodes showed a modest correlation with @entity250 measures, there were no correlations with severity of @entity308 or specific symptoms clusters. LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS: Although limited by a relatively small sample of drug free @entity1 with @entity308 , and by the absence of a non-depressed comparison sample, these results emphasize the importance of factors beyond specific drug effects in the assessment of antidepressant related @entity250 .

title: XXXX before antidepressant therapy in @entity308 .

answer: @entity250 :: (MESH:D012735,Disease) :: ['Sexual dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of the clinical evolution and surgical complications comparing @entity8 . METHODS: This review of 48 consecutive pancreas transplantation includes 39 simultaneous kidney and @entity8 (PAK) grafts as well as 2 retransplantations. @entity1211 was systemic (n = 29) or portal (n = 19). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in @entity1 , kidney, or pancreas allograft survival rates. There were no significant differences in levels of @entity1011 , fasting @entity413 , C-peptide, @entity165 , and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) of beta cells, namely HOMA-s and HOMA-IR index. HbA1c was lower at 6 months and 1 year in the PE group (P < .05). Twenty-two @entity1 displayed @entity260 at a mean time of presentation of 12.8 days. All of these @entity1 but 2 needed relaparotomy. The other two were treated either conservatively (1 enteric @entity292 ) or by interventional radiology ( @entity2548 ). There were 10 graft losses, 5 in each group, due to @entity715 , @entity788 , and enteric fistulae. CONCLUSION: Early graft losses were related to @entity788 and @entity715 . Intermediate-term endocrine function was similar in both groups.

title: XXXX and outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas (SKP) and 9 pancreas after kidney', 'pancreas transplantation with systemic-enteric (SE) drainage versus portal-enteric (PE) drainage']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['early postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous fistula']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous drainage']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Portal and systemic venous drainage in pancreas and kidney-pancreas transplantation: early surgical complications']


abstract: Subtotal gastrectomy is considered the preferred treatment for @entity356 with antral location. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of @entity260 and late functional results in @entity1 who underwent subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction for primary @entity356 . The results of 310 @entity1 were analyzed with regard to @entity260 and @entity204 rates. Functional results as they relate to the gastric resection were evaluated in 195 disease-free @entity1 . Of the 310 @entity1 , 77 developed @entity260 (24.8%) and 13 consequently died (in-hospital mortality: 4.2%). Although infrequent (6 cases, 1.9%), @entity834 was the most serious complication (4 cases died during the postoperative phase). Considering functional results, @entity353 continued for the first trimester after surgery, after which it stabilized. @entity1277 was rarely observed; early after the operation the majority of @entity1 were consuming a normal diet and regularly consumed less than five meals per day (83.6%). @entity11315 was uncommon and usually resolved within one year (12.3% at three months, 9.5% after one year, 5.2% after two years). On the other hand, postprandial abdominal fullness was frequently observed (43.1% at three months, 36.1% after one year, 21.3% after three years, and 16.5% after five years). Billroth II reconstruction after subtotal gastrectomy is associated with a limited risk of anastomotic complications. @entity834 , although infrequent, is a life-threatening complaint and requires prompt recognition and aggressive surgical treatment. The incidence of late complications was low and the majority of @entity1 recovered from them within one year after surgery, although the occurrence of postprandial abdominal fullness was not completely irrelevant.

title: @entity260 and functional results after subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction for primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['Anastomotic leak', 'anastomotic leak']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications', 'postoperative general and surgical complications', 'early postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['Loss of appetite']

entities_list: @entity11315 :: ('MESH:D004377', 'Disease') :: ['Dumping syndrome']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: Subtotal gastrectomy is considered the preferred treatment for @entity356 with antral location. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of @entity260 and late functional results in @entity1 who underwent subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction for primary @entity356 . The results of 310 @entity1 were analyzed with regard to @entity260 and @entity204 rates. Functional results as they relate to the gastric resection were evaluated in 195 disease-free @entity1 . Of the 310 @entity1 , 77 developed @entity260 (24.8%) and 13 consequently died (in-hospital mortality: 4.2%). Although infrequent (6 cases, 1.9%), @entity834 was the most serious complication (4 cases died during the postoperative phase). Considering functional results, @entity353 continued for the first trimester after surgery, after which it stabilized. @entity1277 was rarely observed; early after the operation the majority of @entity1 were consuming a normal diet and regularly consumed less than five meals per day (83.6%). @entity11315 was uncommon and usually resolved within one year (12.3% at three months, 9.5% after one year, 5.2% after two years). On the other hand, postprandial abdominal fullness was frequently observed (43.1% at three months, 36.1% after one year, 21.3% after three years, and 16.5% after five years). Billroth II reconstruction after subtotal gastrectomy is associated with a limited risk of anastomotic complications. @entity834 , although infrequent, is a life-threatening complaint and requires prompt recognition and aggressive surgical treatment. The incidence of late complications was low and the majority of @entity1 recovered from them within one year after surgery, although the occurrence of postprandial abdominal fullness was not completely irrelevant.

title: XXXX and functional results after subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction for primary @entity356 .

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['Postoperative complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma exacerbations can be provoked by many triggers such as allergens, @entity1729 . The relative importance of these has not been prospectively documented in a case-control study. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relative importance of colds and other nonclimatic historical triggers of @entity565 exacerbations. METHODS: One hundred and nineteen adults and @entity1 with @entity565 in two Canadian cities participated in a one-year study of the role of exacerbating factors in @entity565 . Among these, 36 pairs (21 adult, 15 @entity1 ) completed the case-control study. @entity1 were considered cases if they developed an acute @entity565 exacerbation and notified the centre within 24 h to allow the completion of a questionnaire and viral studies (cultures of nasopharyngeal swabs and serology). Control @entity1 with @entity565 were matched for sex, age and area of residence, had no exacerbation during the preceding four weeks and participated within 48 h of the case @entity1 . RESULTS: Case @entity1 versus control @entity1 had a mean age of 22 years versus 20 years, 50% versus 55% were male, and 92% versus 86% had at least one positive aeroallergen skin test. Cases were more likely to have taken regular inhaled @entity230 (63% versus 33%, P<0.002). Cases were more likely to report the following within the previous week: fever (P<0.001), sore throat (P<0.001), increase in nasal symptoms (P<0.01), increased dust exposure (P<0. 05), exposure to others with a cold (P<0.001) and, over the previous year, increased passive smoke exposure (P<0.05). Viral cultures and paired serology were negative. CONCLUSIONS: Symptomatic colds were the most common trigger of @entity565 exacerbations in the winter and spring, while a transient increase in dust exposure was also identified as a significant trigger. The association with chronic, passive smoke exposure and the use of inhaled costicosteroid medications likely reflected less stable pre-study @entity565 in those with exacerbations.

title: A case-control study of the role of cold symptoms and other historical triggering factors in XXXX exacerbations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory irritants and viral infections']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We determined the prognostic value of @entity419 (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for @entity1 with treated @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined @entity1 who underwent FDG PET after first-line treatment for @entity1149 . FDG PET results were correlated with survival rates to determine whether FDG PET findings were predictive of outcomes. RESULTS: After initial therapy, 113 @entity1 with @entity1149 underwent FDG PET. One hundred @entity1 had positive FDG PET results and a median survival of 12 months (95% confidence interval, 9.2-15.4). Thirteen @entity1 had negative FDG PET results, and 11 (85%) of these @entity1 are still living at a median follow-up of 34 months. The difference in survival for @entity1 with positive and negative FDG PET results was statistically significant (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: FDG PET has prognostic value and strongly correlates with survival rates of @entity1 with treated @entity2 . @entity1 with positive FDG PET results have a significantly worse prognosis than @entity1 with negative results. Additionally, FDG PET may be helpful in guiding therapeutic treatments.

title: Prognostic value of thoracic FDG PET imaging after treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['18F-fluorodeoxyglucose']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: Characterization of endogenous synthesis of prolactin ( @entity4090 ) proteins and their cellular localization in labial salivary glands of @entity1 with @entity10632 ( @entity10632 ) were achieved. @entity4090 , @entity12595 ( @entity12595 ), and @entity11746 protein were detected by immunohistochemistry. In situ prolactin synthesis was investigated in controls and @entity10632 @entity1 by ex vivo incubation of minor salivary glands biopsies and immunoprecipitation assay. Increased @entity4090 -immunoreactivity was found in cytoplasmic acinar epithelial cells in @entity10632 @entity1 compared with normal subjects. @entity12595 was distributed only in ductal epithelial cells in which @entity11746 protein (a @entity12595 -associated protein) was also present. @entity4090 , @entity12595 , or @entity11746 -immunoreactivity was not detected in infiltrating mononuclear cells. Immunoprecipitation demonstrated that @entity4090 synthesis occurred in minor salivary glands with increased synthesis of two distinct @entity4090 -like proteins (one major band at 60 kDa and a minor at 16 kDa) in @entity10632 glands compared with normal glands. Expression of @entity4090 gene was demonstrated in @entity10632 salivary glands using RT-PCR. A positive correlation was found between the presence of @entity4090 -like proteins in acinar epithelial cells of @entity10632 @entity1 and clinical extraglandular manifestations. The presence of anti-Ro and anti-La antibodies also positively correlated with a higher percentage of @entity4090 in acinar epithelial cells. In conclusion, @entity4090 -like proteins are synthetized and overexpressed in glandular epithelial cells of labial salivary glands from @entity10632 @entity1 and correlate with the @entity146 .

title: Big prolactin 60 kDa is overexpressed in salivary glandular epithelial cells from XXXX with Sj  gren's syndrome.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness of the disease']

entities_list: @entity10632 :: ('MESH:D012859', 'Disease') :: ["Sjogren's syndrome", 'SS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We aimed at describing the epidemiology of femur @entity174 in elderly hospitalized for femur @entity174 in Lazio (Italy), and evaluating the association between @entity1 's and hospital characteristics on in-hospital mortality. We conducted a population- and hospital-based study (Lazio region: 5.233.233 inhabitants) among @entity1 65+ years aged. SOURCE OF DATA: regional hospital register 2002-2003; ICD-9-CM codes for @entity1 ' selection 820 e 821. Direct standardization (rate x 1000) and logistic regression analysis (OR, 95% CI) were performed. Overall hospitalization rate in elderly was 7.5%o (10.l%o females vs. 3.9%0 males). 12.033 @entity1 with femur @entity174 were enrolled in the study period; 21,6% were not treated surgically: in comparison with those who underwent surgery, they were males, residents out of Rome, older and with worst health status. In-hospital mortality rate was 7,97%. In-hospital mortality determinants were: male gender (OR=0.56), older age (85+, OR=3.30), living out of Rome (OR=0.50), comorbidities (Charlson 'index 3: OR=4.44), "others and unspecified parts of femur" as site of @entity174 (OR=1.84), admission to a private hospital (OR=O. 79) and a surgical treatment (OR=0.20). In conclusion, this study showed the effect of selected individual characteristics on in hospital mortality and suggested a role of early surgical treatment and access to private sector. Regional hospital information systems represent useful tools to address epidemiological impact of @entity173 and its health care resources utilization.

title: [Epidemiology of femur XXXX and characteristics of hospital care in Lazio].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: The development of @entity35 peripheral hindlimb and lumbar dorsal horn innervation by different subpopulations of dorsal root ganglion cells was investigated from embryonic day (E)13 to birth by using immunostaining. Antibodies to @entity4119 , @entity9270 , and @entity43337 were used as pan-neuronal markers, RT97 for A fibres; @entity4655 ( @entity4655 ), @entity3249 , and the lectin IB4 for small A and C fibres. Size frequency analysis showed that RT97 is a selective marker for large A cells at E18. Although both A and C fibres enter the hindlimb at E13-14, A fibres are the first to innervate the skin and dominate over small fibre innervation until later fetal life. @entity4655 expression in sensory axons appears at E19 and in all regions simultaneously, suggesting expression in existing fibres. All sensory terminals grow transiently to the skin surface before retracting subepidermally at late embryonic stages. The development of peripheral and central innervation by the same subpopulations of sensory neurons was compared. The entry of A fibre terminals into the lumbar dorsal horn at E14 coincided with hindlimb skin innervation. In contrast, C fibres were not detected in the dorsal horn until E18, 4 days after peripheral innervation. @entity4655 expression appears in both spinal cord and hindlimb targets at E19. IB4 binding in the central terminals began at E18 but was never observed in embryonic peripheral axons. These results demonstrate that in fetal skin, A fibre innervation dominates over C fibres. In addition, alathough peripheral and central innervation by A fibres coincide, this is not true for C fibres, suggesting that central target factors may control C fibre terminal growth within the dorsal horn.

title: Development of peripheral hindlimb and central spinal cord innervation by subpopulations of dorsal root ganglion cells in the embryonic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity9270 :: ('29423(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['growth associated protein (GAP) 43']

entities_list: @entity4655 :: ('24241(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CGRP', 'calcitonin gene-related peptide']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The improvement of pre-existing @entity29 after orthotopic liver transplant might be anticipated. However, both the exacerbation of @entity29 and de novo @entity29 after orthotopic liver transplant (despite sufficient allograft immunosuppressive therapy) have been described. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present a case of @entity31 in a pediatric liver transplant recipient. RESULTS: A 13-year-old @entity1 with cryptogenic liver @entity82 received an orthotopic liver transplant from a deceased donor. Five months later, he presented with watery @entity294 and @entity1661 . He was treated with the immunosuppressive agents @entity1140 (0.15 mg/kg/d) and @entity618 (20 mg/kg/d). A general physical examination revealed a @entity1 with stable vital signs and without @entity221 . The only positive finding was enlargement of the abdomen without tenderness. Many pus cells and a few red blood cells were detected in the @entity1 's stool, but the results of a stool culture for bacteria were negative. Because of his chronic @entity294 , this @entity1 underwent colonoscopy, which revealed @entity5932 , multiple @entity1066 , exudate, and pseudopolyps with a diffuse loss of vascularity. Those findings are indicators of @entity1960 . The results of histopathologic examination of the colonic mucosa suggested @entity31 . The @entity1 was treated with @entity2983 and @entity617 , and a repeat colonoscopy revealed an improvement in his @entity29 . CONCLUSIONS: De novo @entity29 should be considered in @entity1 in whom chronic @entity294 develops after an orthotopic liver transplant. We suggest that colonoscopy and biopsy should always be performed if other causes of @entity294 have been excluded.

title: De novo XXXX after pediatric orthotopic liver transplant: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distention']

entities_list: @entity5932 :: ('MESH:C565008', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse erythematous mucosa']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['bowel disease', 'inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['mesalamine']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: A school environmental study of about 20,000 @entity1 from the French department of MAINE and LOIRE (1/100 of French territory and 1/100 of the total population) was made during the summer of 1987 in all the schools of the region. The replies allowed evaluation of: -- The elements of the environment; . urban or rural . type of building . soils . domestic animals (types, lifestyle, large or small, relationship with the @entity1 ). -- The proportion of allergic @entity1 per classroom, types of sickness, suggestions made by parents, eventual @entity56 during class hours. In addition, school teachers were asked to comment on the subject. Their answers showed extreme variety of attitude towards @entity566 , there were those who refuted it, some fully accepted and others who asked for more information so that they could be more help to their students. A prime interest of the study lies in the dialogue between parents, teachers and physicians as the @entity1 spent most of the daytime at school and therefore the quality of the environment is a major factor in infantile @entity566 .

title: [Epidemiologic study of XXXX in the school environment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic accidents']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: A simple reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection was developed and validated for the quantitation of @entity72743 , a novel @entity10998 antifungal agent and its analogs in @entity35 plasma. The method involved a simple precipitation of plasma protein with @entity1626 (1:10 ratio). The reconstituted sample after evaporation to dryness was injected onto a HPLC column. @entity72743 and its analogs were separated from the matrix components on a symmetry C18 column using an aqueous mobile phase of @entity1626 and water with a flow rate of 1 ml min(-1). A step gradient of 40-80% @entity1626 eluted all four compounds. The run time was 30 min. The linear range was 0.5 10 microg ml(-1)(r2 > 0.999). The limit of quantitation was 0.5 microg ml(-1). The inter-day precision and accuracy for @entity72743 standard concentration were from 1.9 to 8.5% and from 1.4 to +/- 4.40%, respectively. The precision and accuracy of intra-day quality control samples were from 4.6 to 5.2% and from 4.6 to 12%, respectively.

title: High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of new @entity10998 antifungal agent XXXX and its derivatives in plasma.

entities_list: @entity10998 :: ('CHEBI:38597', 'Chemical') :: ['triazole']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

answer: @entity72743 :: (MESH:C118964,Chemical) :: ['SYN-2869']


abstract: A simple reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection was developed and validated for the quantitation of @entity72743 , a novel @entity10998 antifungal agent and its analogs in @entity35 plasma. The method involved a simple precipitation of plasma protein with @entity1626 (1:10 ratio). The reconstituted sample after evaporation to dryness was injected onto a HPLC column. @entity72743 and its analogs were separated from the matrix components on a symmetry C18 column using an aqueous mobile phase of @entity1626 and water with a flow rate of 1 ml min(-1). A step gradient of 40-80% @entity1626 eluted all four compounds. The run time was 30 min. The linear range was 0.5 10 microg ml(-1)(r2 > 0.999). The limit of quantitation was 0.5 microg ml(-1). The inter-day precision and accuracy for @entity72743 standard concentration were from 1.9 to 8.5% and from 1.4 to +/- 4.40%, respectively. The precision and accuracy of intra-day quality control samples were from 4.6 to 5.2% and from 4.6 to 12%, respectively.

title: High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of new XXXX antifungal agent @entity72743 and its derivatives in plasma.

answer: @entity10998 :: (CHEBI:38597,Chemical) :: ['triazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity633 (>30 mg/day) based on 24 h urine albumin excretion is one of the criteria for @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and a predictor of @entity65 ( @entity65 ). Differences in urine albumin concentration and @entity1011 excretion rates between Indo-Asians and other populations may require different threshold values for detection of @entity633 . We compared the use of spot urine albumin concentration and urine albumin to @entity1011 excretion ratio for detection of @entity633 in this population. METHODS: A total of 577 subjects aged >or=40 years, 54% of whom were @entity1 , were recruited from the general population in Karachi, Pakistan. Albumin concentration (mg/l) and albumin to @entity1011 ratio (mg/g of @entity1011 ) were determined in a spot morning urine sample, and @entity633 (30 mg/day or greater) measured in a 24 h urine collected on the subsequent day. RESULTS: The median (25-75 percentile) of urine albumin excretion was 4.8 (3.6-10.3) mg/day: 5.4 (3.7-12.5) mg/day in @entity1 and 4.5 (3.8-8.9) mg/day in @entity1 . The overall prevalence (95% CI) of @entity633 was 11.8% (7.2-12.0%): 14.8% in @entity1 and 9.2% in @entity1 (P = 0.04). The areas under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves for urine albumin concentration were 0.86 (0.82-0.90) and 0.88 (0.84-0.92), respectively, in @entity1 and @entity1 . The areas under the ROC curves for albumin to @entity1011 ratio were 0.86 (0.82-0.89) and 0.90 (0.86-0.93), respectively, in @entity1 and @entity1 . For urine albumin concentration, the sensitivity and specificity were 37 and 97%, respectively, in @entity1 and 69 and 94%, respectively, in @entity1 at the conventionally recommended value of 2 mg/dl. The discriminator value of urine albumin concentration identified in the analysis was 0.5 mg/dl in @entity1 (sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 75%) and 1.7 mg/dl in @entity1 (sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 93%). For the albumin to @entity1011 ratio, the sensitivity and specificity were 46 and 95%, respectively, in @entity1 and 60 and 97%, respectively, in @entity1 at cut-off value of 30 mg/g. CONCLUSION: Both urine albumin concentration and albumin to @entity1011 ratio are acceptable tests for population screening for @entity633 in Indo-Asians. While sensitivities may be suboptimal, particularly in @entity1 , lowering the existing thresholds would compromise specificity. Those who screen positive need evaluation and management of @entity740 and prevention of @entity65 .

title: Use of albumin XXXX ratio and urine albumin concentration as a screening test for @entity633 in an Indo-Asian population.

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria', 'Albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1011 :: (MESH:D003404,Chemical) :: ['creatinine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity633 (>30 mg/day) based on 24 h urine albumin excretion is one of the criteria for @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and a predictor of @entity65 ( @entity65 ). Differences in urine albumin concentration and @entity1011 excretion rates between Indo-Asians and other populations may require different threshold values for detection of @entity633 . We compared the use of spot urine albumin concentration and urine albumin to @entity1011 excretion ratio for detection of @entity633 in this population. METHODS: A total of 577 subjects aged >or=40 years, 54% of whom were @entity1 , were recruited from the general population in Karachi, Pakistan. Albumin concentration (mg/l) and albumin to @entity1011 ratio (mg/g of @entity1011 ) were determined in a spot morning urine sample, and @entity633 (30 mg/day or greater) measured in a 24 h urine collected on the subsequent day. RESULTS: The median (25-75 percentile) of urine albumin excretion was 4.8 (3.6-10.3) mg/day: 5.4 (3.7-12.5) mg/day in @entity1 and 4.5 (3.8-8.9) mg/day in @entity1 . The overall prevalence (95% CI) of @entity633 was 11.8% (7.2-12.0%): 14.8% in @entity1 and 9.2% in @entity1 (P = 0.04). The areas under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves for urine albumin concentration were 0.86 (0.82-0.90) and 0.88 (0.84-0.92), respectively, in @entity1 and @entity1 . The areas under the ROC curves for albumin to @entity1011 ratio were 0.86 (0.82-0.89) and 0.90 (0.86-0.93), respectively, in @entity1 and @entity1 . For urine albumin concentration, the sensitivity and specificity were 37 and 97%, respectively, in @entity1 and 69 and 94%, respectively, in @entity1 at the conventionally recommended value of 2 mg/dl. The discriminator value of urine albumin concentration identified in the analysis was 0.5 mg/dl in @entity1 (sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 75%) and 1.7 mg/dl in @entity1 (sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 93%). For the albumin to @entity1011 ratio, the sensitivity and specificity were 46 and 95%, respectively, in @entity1 and 60 and 97%, respectively, in @entity1 at cut-off value of 30 mg/g. CONCLUSION: Both urine albumin concentration and albumin to @entity1011 ratio are acceptable tests for population screening for @entity633 in Indo-Asians. While sensitivities may be suboptimal, particularly in @entity1 , lowering the existing thresholds would compromise specificity. Those who screen positive need evaluation and management of @entity740 and prevention of @entity65 .

title: Use of albumin @entity1011 ratio and urine albumin concentration as a screening test for XXXX in an Indo-Asian population.

answer: @entity633 :: (MESH:D000419,Disease) :: ['albuminuria']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Outcome data on the surgical treatment of @entity27 are, in general, based on short-term follow-up (<6-9 months). This examination was undertaken to assess long-term results. METHODS: Forty @entity1 who underwent soft tissue and skeletal surgery were the subjects of this review. Methods of evaluation included polysomnographic variables (respiratory disturbance index [RDI], low oxyhemoglobin desaturation [LSAT]), body mass index, quality-of-life assessments, roentgenographic analysis, and complications. Statistical analysis used the @entity53588 .12 system. RESULTS: Thirty-six of 40 @entity1 (90%) showed long-term clinical success. The mean preoperative RDI, nasal continuous positive airway pressure RDI, and long-term RDI were 71.2 +/- 27.0, 7.6 +/- 5.2 and 7.6 +/- 5.1, respectively. The mean preoperative LSAT, nasal continuous positive airway pressure LSAT, and long-term LSAT were 67. 5% +/- 14.8%, 87.1% +/- 3.2%, and 86.3% +/- 3.9%, respectively. The mean follow-up was 50.7 +/- 31.9 months. The @entity1 showed a statistically significant long-term weight gain (P = 0.0002) compared with their 6-month postoperative level (body mass index 31. 4 +/- 6.7 vs 32.2 +/- 6.3). There was a positive correlation with the amount of skeletal advancement and clinical outcome. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive evaluation and surgical treatment can result in successful long-term clinical outcome.

title: XXXX : long-term clinical outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['Surgery and obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: The aim of this study was to perform a prospective evaluation of the effectiveness of computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic fine needle aspiration (TFNA) in the diagnosis of @entity358 and to determine the complication rate of this procedure. A prospective review was conducted of 134 @entity1 who underwent CT-guided TFNA at our center between December 2003 and August 2005. All fine needle aspirations were performed with a 22-gauge single-pass Chiba needle under CT guidance. The biopsies were performed by one pulmonologist. Two hundred twenty two (91%) malignant lesions and 12 (9%) benign lesions were reviewed in the present study. An accurate diagnosis was made in 107 (88%) of the 122 @entity358 and a specific diagnosis was obtained in 42% of the benign lesions. The sensitivity of TFNAs for the detection of @entity5 was 83%, and the overall accuracy of TFNA for diagnosing @entity5 was 84%. Pneumothorax occurred in 22 of the 134 @entity1 (16%). Pneumothorax was more frequently observed in centrally located lesions (p= 0.001). Our results suggest that CT-guided TFNA has a high diagnostic accuracy and an acceptable rate of complications. Moreover, we suggest that the most important factor increasing the risk of pneumothorax is an increase in the depth of aerated lung traversed for sampling.

title: CT-guided transthoracic fine needle aspiration of XXXX : accuracy and complications in 134 cases.

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary lesions', 'malignant lung lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed to enlarge the Italian @entity2655 sample analysed for @entity529 gene mutations. METHODS: Genomic DNA from 47 @entity1 , 70 @entity4943 @entity1 and 158 controls was extracted from peripheral blood samples according to a standard protocol. The five coding exons (2-6) of the @entity529 gene and the flanking exon-intron boundaries were analysed by direct sequencing. Using ClustalW2 @entity1 @entity529 , protein sequence was aligned with @entity529 protein sequence of different species. RESULTS: A heterozygous @entity72744 transition that leads to a change @entity72745 was observed in a 75-years-old male @entity1 and in his two affected siblings. A @entity1 's brother had died at 69 years of age after a two-year history of @entity2655 . In @entity4943 @entity1 no mutations were found. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a further Italian family with @entity7104 , in which a variant ( @entity72745 ) of the @entity529 gene was identified. Clinical course and phenotypic variability in three affected siblings is presented and relevance for genetic counselling of @entity1 and their families is underlined. At the present state of knowledge, we suggest that the same guidelines established for @entity1367 molecular testing could be proposed also for @entity529 analysis in @entity7104 .

title: Enlarging clinical spectrum of @entity7104 with @entity529 gene mutations: XXXX variant in an Italian family showing phenotypic variability and relevance for genetic counselling.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity72745 :: (p|SUB|S|393|L,ProteinMutation) :: ['S393L']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed to enlarge the Italian @entity2655 sample analysed for @entity529 gene mutations. METHODS: Genomic DNA from 47 @entity1 , 70 @entity4943 @entity1 and 158 controls was extracted from peripheral blood samples according to a standard protocol. The five coding exons (2-6) of the @entity529 gene and the flanking exon-intron boundaries were analysed by direct sequencing. Using ClustalW2 @entity1 @entity529 , protein sequence was aligned with @entity529 protein sequence of different species. RESULTS: A heterozygous @entity72744 transition that leads to a change @entity72745 was observed in a 75-years-old male @entity1 and in his two affected siblings. A @entity1 's brother had died at 69 years of age after a two-year history of @entity2655 . In @entity4943 @entity1 no mutations were found. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a further Italian family with @entity7104 , in which a variant ( @entity72745 ) of the @entity529 gene was identified. Clinical course and phenotypic variability in three affected siblings is presented and relevance for genetic counselling of @entity1 and their families is underlined. At the present state of knowledge, we suggest that the same guidelines established for @entity1367 molecular testing could be proposed also for @entity529 analysis in @entity7104 .

title: Enlarging clinical spectrum of @entity7104 with XXXX gene mutations: @entity72745 variant in an Italian family showing phenotypic variability and relevance for genetic counselling.

answer: @entity529 :: (23435,Gene) :: ['TARDBP']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed to enlarge the Italian @entity2655 sample analysed for @entity529 gene mutations. METHODS: Genomic DNA from 47 @entity1 , 70 @entity4943 @entity1 and 158 controls was extracted from peripheral blood samples according to a standard protocol. The five coding exons (2-6) of the @entity529 gene and the flanking exon-intron boundaries were analysed by direct sequencing. Using ClustalW2 @entity1 @entity529 , protein sequence was aligned with @entity529 protein sequence of different species. RESULTS: A heterozygous @entity72744 transition that leads to a change @entity72745 was observed in a 75-years-old male @entity1 and in his two affected siblings. A @entity1 's brother had died at 69 years of age after a two-year history of @entity2655 . In @entity4943 @entity1 no mutations were found. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a further Italian family with @entity7104 , in which a variant ( @entity72745 ) of the @entity529 gene was identified. Clinical course and phenotypic variability in three affected siblings is presented and relevance for genetic counselling of @entity1 and their families is underlined. At the present state of knowledge, we suggest that the same guidelines established for @entity1367 molecular testing could be proposed also for @entity529 analysis in @entity7104 .

title: Enlarging clinical spectrum of XXXX with @entity529 gene mutations: @entity72745 variant in an Italian family showing phenotypic variability and relevance for genetic counselling.

answer: @entity7104 :: (MESH:C531617,Disease) :: ['FALS']


abstract: The 17-kDa antigen of @entity2711 has previously been shown to elicit a strong humoral immune response in @entity1 with @entity11102 ( @entity11102 ) and to be useful in screening human serum samples for @entity11102 . In this study, PCR amplification of genes homologous to the 17-kDa antigen gene of @entity2711 was performed using genomic DNAs from several species of @entity30867 , including the currently recognized @entity1 pathogens. Amplicons of similar size were demonstrated using the following chromosomal DNA templates: @entity2711 (two strains), @entity30867 (two strains), B. elizabethae, @entity50034 , @entity1892 . berkhoffii. No evidence of a @entity12357 homolog of the 17-kDa antigen gene was obtained using multiple primer pairs. DNA sequencing revealed open reading frames capable of coding for proteins with sizes similar to that of the 17-kDa antigen of @entity2711 in all of the amplicons; however, extensive sequence divergence across the genus was noted. Cloning of the amplified products into pUC19 resulted in recombinants that directed synthesis of homologs of the 17-kDa protein. Immunoblot analysis using @entity1 sera from @entity11102 cases demonstrated very little cross-reactivity among different species for this protein. In contrast, immunoblots using rabbit serum raised to the recombinant B. henselae antigen showed extensive cross-reactivity with the proteins of other @entity30867 species. The data suggest that the use of the 17-kDa antigen as a serologic reagent may allow the development of more specific diagnostic assays. Furthermore, the @entity377 sequences from the various versions of the 17-kDa antigen gene should be useful for rapid identification of @entity30867 at the species level.

title: Conservation of the 17-kilodalton antigen gene within the genus XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity12357 :: ('774', 'Species') :: ['B. bacilliformis']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity2711 :: ('38323', 'Species') :: ['Bartonella henselae', 'B. henselae']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B. vinsonii subsp. vinsonii, and B. vinsonii subsp']

entities_list: @entity11102 :: ('MESH:D002372', 'Disease') :: ['cat scratch disease', 'CSD']

entities_list: @entity30867 :: ('803', 'Species') :: ['Bartonella', 'B. quintana']

answer: @entity30867 :: (803,Species) :: ['Bartonella']


abstract: We report 22 examples of an unusual and distinctive benign @entity361 arising exclusively from lymph nodes of the groin. The @entity5 , which presents clinically as a swelling, is composed of spindled cells arranged in solid sheets or short, vaguely palisaded fascicles similar to a @entity808 . The spindled cells blend gradually with large mats of eosinophilic material that appear as thick bands, @entity7085 , or circular profiles, depending on the plane of section. These eosinophilic structures, which represent a highly characteristic feature of the @entity5 , contain deeply eosinophilic, collagen-rich cores surrounded by a weakly eosinophilic, actin-rich cuff. The actin within these eosinophilic structures is derived by coalescence of intracellular actin globules extruded from neighboring cells. In all cases, a thin, compressed rim of normal lymph node was identified. Immunohistochemical analysis indicates that the cells express actin but lack S-100 protein, @entity5473 , @entity2283 , keratin, and epithelial membrane antigen. Delicate, linear striations were identified in only two cases by conventional histochemical techniques. The foregoing features suggest that the @entity5 is related to a myofibroblast or a specialized smooth-muscle cell. These @entity5 , therefore, probably arise from smooth-muscle-like cells, which are normally present in some lymph node capsules or stroma. Follow-up information on 17 @entity1 indicated that all are alive and well without any evidence of recurrence or @entity3 .

title: Palisaded myofibroblastoma. A benign XXXX of lymph node.

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['neurilemoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal tumor']

answer: @entity361 :: (MESH:C535700,Disease) :: ['mesenchymal tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the healing response at the flap interface in corneas with @entity4122 that required penetrating keratoplasty (PK). METHODS: Corneas of five @entity1 who developed @entity2687 after LASIK (range: 2.5 to 5 years postoperative) were collected after corneal transplant surgery. The corneas were bisected and processed for conventional histologic analysis and immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Light microscopy showed a hypocellular @entity2318 at the wound margin compared with the adjacent @entity2687 in all eyes. All corneas had positive staining for @entity3960 ( @entity3960 ), a myofibroblast marker. In one eye, alpha- @entity3960 cells were located in the @entity2318 region in the area of the semicircular ring of haze along the margin of the LASIK flap corresponding to an area of @entity2543 . In all other eyes, alpha- @entity3960 positive cells were fewer and mainly located in the superficial stroma under the epithelial wound margin surface. Type III collagen was minimal or absent in the central zone and wound margin of all corneas except for the @entity267 with @entity2543 present in the hypercellular @entity2318 region. Chondroitin @entity597 was stronger in the periphery of the flap wound coinciding with a higher presence of alpha- @entity3960 -positive cells in that region. Positive staining for @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) in the paracentral wound margin scar was seen. CONCLUSIONS: A wound-healing process characterized by absence of significant @entity82 and myofibroblasts at the wound edge in the flap interface was noted in all keratectatic eyes. However, changes in the composition of collagen and the presence of @entity1495 at the wound edge several years after LASIK indicates active wound remodeling that may explain the ongoing loss of tissue and tendency of the @entity267 to bulge.

title: Immunohistological evaluation of the healing response at the flap interface in @entity1 with XXXX requiring penetrating keratoplasty.

entities_list: @entity4122 :: ('MESH:D004108', 'Disease') :: ['LASIK ectasia']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic scar']

entities_list: @entity3960 :: ('MESH:D018235', 'Disease') :: ['SMA', 'alpha-smooth muscle actin']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal ectasia', 'corneal stroma']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial ingrowth']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-9', 'matrix metalloproteinase 9']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity4122 :: (MESH:D004108,Disease) :: ['LASIK ectasia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the healing response at the flap interface in corneas with @entity4122 that required penetrating keratoplasty (PK). METHODS: Corneas of five @entity1 who developed @entity2687 after LASIK (range: 2.5 to 5 years postoperative) were collected after corneal transplant surgery. The corneas were bisected and processed for conventional histologic analysis and immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Light microscopy showed a hypocellular @entity2318 at the wound margin compared with the adjacent @entity2687 in all eyes. All corneas had positive staining for @entity3960 ( @entity3960 ), a myofibroblast marker. In one eye, alpha- @entity3960 cells were located in the @entity2318 region in the area of the semicircular ring of haze along the margin of the LASIK flap corresponding to an area of @entity2543 . In all other eyes, alpha- @entity3960 positive cells were fewer and mainly located in the superficial stroma under the epithelial wound margin surface. Type III collagen was minimal or absent in the central zone and wound margin of all corneas except for the @entity267 with @entity2543 present in the hypercellular @entity2318 region. Chondroitin @entity597 was stronger in the periphery of the flap wound coinciding with a higher presence of alpha- @entity3960 -positive cells in that region. Positive staining for @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) in the paracentral wound margin scar was seen. CONCLUSIONS: A wound-healing process characterized by absence of significant @entity82 and myofibroblasts at the wound edge in the flap interface was noted in all keratectatic eyes. However, changes in the composition of collagen and the presence of @entity1495 at the wound edge several years after LASIK indicates active wound remodeling that may explain the ongoing loss of tissue and tendency of the @entity267 to bulge.

title: Immunohistological evaluation of the healing response at the flap interface in XXXX with @entity4122 requiring penetrating keratoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: 1. Characterization of P2X receptors on neurons of @entity840 superior cervical ganglion (SCG) has been carried out using a whole-cell voltage-clamp technique. 2. Application of @entity855 and @entity861 ( @entity861 ) produced fast activating inward currents, which desensitized slowly. The maximum response to @entity861 was 36 +/- 23 % (range 0.1-100 %) of that evoked by @entity855 in the same cell. 3. Co-application of @entity861 (300 microM) with @entity855 (300 microM) produced a response that was 97 +/- 1 % of that given by @entity855 alone. Following desensitization with @entity861 , the decrease in response to @entity855 was equal to the absolute reduction in response to @entity861 in the same cell. 4. The concentration-response curve for @entity861 had an EC50 of 42 microM and a Hill coefficient of 1.17. For cells where the ratio of @entity861 / @entity855 currents at 100 microM was < 0.1, the @entity855 concentration-response curve had an EC50 of 56 microM and a Hill coefficient of 1.95. However, in cells where the ratio was > 0.7, the curve had an EC50 of 60 microM and a Hill coefficient of 0.97. 5. The response to 100 microM @entity861 was inhibited by 2' (or 3')-O-trinitrophenyl- @entity855 ( @entity7430 - @entity855 ) with an IC50 of 70 nM. However, on cells where the ratio of @entity861 / @entity855 currents was < 0.1, @entity855 was inhibited by TNP- @entity855 with an IC50 of 522 nM. 6. Immunohistochemical staining with antibodies raised against @entity35 @entity22751 and @entity22752 epitopes suggested that both subunits were expressed by @entity840 SCG neurons. 7. We conclude that varying proportions of two distinct P2X receptors coexist on the cell bodies of individual @entity840 SCG neurons, which may correspond to homomeric @entity22751 and heteromeric @entity22751 /3 receptors.

title: XXXX sympathetic neurons express varying proportions of two distinct P2X receptors.

entities_list: @entity861 :: ('MESH:C002630', 'Chemical') :: ['alphabeta-MeATP', 'alpha,beta-methylene ATP']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['Guinea-pig']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of 16 weeks of resistive training alone (RT) and with @entity353 (RT+WL) on insulin action, plasma leptin concentrations and leptin's relationship to beta-cell sensitivity to @entity413 , resting metabolic rate (RMR), and plasma @entity2661 in older @entity1 . SUBJECTS: Fifteen obese postmenopausal @entity1 aged 50-69 y. MEASUREMENTS: Body composition (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), RMR (by indirect calorimetry), insulin action (by 2 h @entity1602 clamps; 7.9 mmol/l above basal plasma @entity413 levels), plasma leptin and insulin (by RIA), and plasma @entity2661 (by enzymatic methods). RESULTS: RT and RT+WL resulted in significant improvements in muscular strength (P<0.01) with no changes in maximal @entity26 consumption. Body weight, fat mass and percent body fat did not change with RT, but decreased with RT+WL (P<0.001). Fat-free mass and RMR increased after training when both groups were combined (P<0.05). The insulin response during the last 20 min of the 2 h @entity1602 clamps decreased 16% after RT (P=0.05), 43% after RT+WL (P<0.05), and 29% in the entire group (P<0. 01) without any changes in @entity413 utilization. Plasma leptin levels did not change after RT, but decreased by 36% after RT+WL (P<0.05). Baseline leptin levels correlated with body weight (r=0.68, P<0.01), body fat mass (r=0.77, P<0.001), and RMR (kcal/d; (r=0.69, P<0.005), but not with baseline @entity1063 or @entity1425 levels. Plasma leptin levels correlated with basal insulin (r=0.73, P<0.005), and approached significance with the 0-10 min and 100-120 min insulin response to @entity4854 before training (both r=0.51, P=0.07). In the entire group, the change in insulin response from 100-120 min during the clamp correlated with the change in leptin levels (r=0.60, P<0.05), but this was not independent of changes in fat mass. CONCLUSIONS: Although changes in leptin levels were not related to changes in RMR or plasma @entity2661 after RT with and without @entity353 , the increase in insulin action after training and @entity353 may be related to the decrease in leptin levels that were mediated by the loss of body fat in the obese, postmenopausal @entity1 . International Journal of Obesity (2000)24, 27-32

title: Changes in plasma leptin and insulin action with resistive training in postmenopausal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine the morbidity, mortality, and hospital course of an elderly @entity1 sample (mean age, 86 years; 95% CI, 84 to 87) having percutaneous @entity2333 . DESIGN: Retrospective consecutive case series before and after balloon valvuloplasty. SETTING: Tertiary care referral hospital. @entity1 : Consecutive sample of 26 @entity1 aged 80 years or older with symptomatic @entity472 referred for balloon valvuloplasty from July 1987 to July 1988. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Percutaneous @entity2333 reduced the transvalvular gradient from 59 (95% CI, 51 to 67) to 31 mm Hg (95% CI, 26 to 35; P less than 0.0001) and increased aortic valve area from 0.45 (95% CI, 0.38 to 0.51) to 0.67 cm2 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.76; P less than 0.0001). The mean length of hospital stay for the entire study population was 11.2 days (95% CI, 7.3 to 15.2) at a total hospital charge per @entity1 of  29,600 (95% CI, 21,050 to 38,150). For @entity1 having procedural complications (11 complications in 8 @entity1 ), surgical procedures, or @entity1455 , the mean hospital stay increased to 16.2 days (95% CI, 6.2 to 26.2; P less than 0.05) and the hospital charge increased to  44,400 (95% CI, 24,280 to 64,520; P less than 0.01). Two @entity1 who presented with @entity1455 died, and 1 @entity1 had an aortic valve replacement before discharge. Four @entity1 were recently discharged (less than 1 month) and follow-up was obtained in the remaining 19 @entity1 at 6.1 months (95% CI, 4.1 to 8.1). Five more @entity1 , including the remaining @entity1 who presented with @entity1455 , died after discharge for an overall mortality of 32%. Twelve of the remaining fourteen @entity1 had fewer symptoms and improved an average of 1.1 New York Heart Association classes (95% CI, 0.7 to 1.4; P less than 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous @entity2333 in @entity1 80 years and older improves hemodynamics and symptoms of @entity712 during short-term follow-up in most @entity1 , but overall mortality is high in this elderly @entity1 population. Hospital charges and length of stay were much higher in @entity1 with complications or coexisting medical illnesses. Valvuloplasty is a reasonable alternative treatment for @entity1 with @entity472 who require palliative treatment of symptoms and have high surgical risk.

title: Percutaneous XXXX in octogenarians: morbidity and mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic balloon valvuloplasty']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity2333 :: (MESH:D001018,Disease) :: ['aortic balloon valvuloplasty']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Positive selection of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) has been investigated in @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) with the aims of reducing plasma cell (PC) contamination of the leukaphereses and improving clinical outcome of autografted @entity1 . DESIGN AND METHODS: In our center 39 untreated @entity1 with stage II and III @entity1582 , younger than 65 years, started high-dose therapy consisting of 4 VAD cycles, collection of PBSC mobilized by 7 g/m(2) @entity786 + @entity1261 , and myeloablative treatment with 12 mg/kg @entity1863 plus 120 mg/m(2) melphalan. The leukaphereses from 23/39 @entity1 (59%) were processed for positive selection of @entity2280 (+) cells using an avidin- @entity1885 immunoaffinity device. RESULTS: A reduction of PC contamination of as much as 2 log was found in the post-selection products by a flow-cytometric technique using the monoclonal antibody CD 138 alternatively coupled with @entity3053 and cytoplasmatic k or l light chains in separate samples. Hematologic reconstitution and clinical outcome of the 23 @entity1 reinfused with selected @entity2280 (+) cells (SEL group) were compared with those of the 16 @entity1 reinfused with unselected cells (UNSEL group). No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups with regards to the median duration of @entity1398 and @entity882 , the hematologic support required, the incidence of febrile episodes and @entity2259 . At a median follow-up of 18 months (range 5-34) after ASCT, there were 7/23 (32%) continuous complete remissions (CR) in the SEL group and 4/16 (25%) in the UNSEL group; there were 10/23 (44%) continuous partial remissions (PR) and 5/16 (31%) in the SEL and UNSEL groups, respectively. Two @entity1 in the UNSEL group and one @entity1 in the SEL group died of progressive disease. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that positive selection allows rapid engraftment of hematopoiesis and low morbidity. Although no significant difference was detected between the two groups in the frequency of CR and PR 3 and 18 months after ASCT, a longer follow-up is needed to evaluate definitively the effect of @entity2280 (+) selection on the clinical outcome after ASCT.

title: High-dose therapy in @entity1582 : effect of positive selection of XXXX + peripheral blood stem cells on hematologic engraftment and clinical outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['busulfan']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremias']

answer: @entity2280 :: (947,Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Positive selection of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) has been investigated in @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) with the aims of reducing plasma cell (PC) contamination of the leukaphereses and improving clinical outcome of autografted @entity1 . DESIGN AND METHODS: In our center 39 untreated @entity1 with stage II and III @entity1582 , younger than 65 years, started high-dose therapy consisting of 4 VAD cycles, collection of PBSC mobilized by 7 g/m(2) @entity786 + @entity1261 , and myeloablative treatment with 12 mg/kg @entity1863 plus 120 mg/m(2) melphalan. The leukaphereses from 23/39 @entity1 (59%) were processed for positive selection of @entity2280 (+) cells using an avidin- @entity1885 immunoaffinity device. RESULTS: A reduction of PC contamination of as much as 2 log was found in the post-selection products by a flow-cytometric technique using the monoclonal antibody CD 138 alternatively coupled with @entity3053 and cytoplasmatic k or l light chains in separate samples. Hematologic reconstitution and clinical outcome of the 23 @entity1 reinfused with selected @entity2280 (+) cells (SEL group) were compared with those of the 16 @entity1 reinfused with unselected cells (UNSEL group). No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups with regards to the median duration of @entity1398 and @entity882 , the hematologic support required, the incidence of febrile episodes and @entity2259 . At a median follow-up of 18 months (range 5-34) after ASCT, there were 7/23 (32%) continuous complete remissions (CR) in the SEL group and 4/16 (25%) in the UNSEL group; there were 10/23 (44%) continuous partial remissions (PR) and 5/16 (31%) in the SEL and UNSEL groups, respectively. Two @entity1 in the UNSEL group and one @entity1 in the SEL group died of progressive disease. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that positive selection allows rapid engraftment of hematopoiesis and low morbidity. Although no significant difference was detected between the two groups in the frequency of CR and PR 3 and 18 months after ASCT, a longer follow-up is needed to evaluate definitively the effect of @entity2280 (+) selection on the clinical outcome after ASCT.

title: High-dose therapy in XXXX : effect of positive selection of @entity2280 + peripheral blood stem cells on hematologic engraftment and clinical outcome.

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: Sixty-four @entity2 were observed among 1,039 @entity1 operated for @entity153 between 1975 and 1984. (Statement: July 1987). The second @entity5 tended to develop at a distance from the first resection performed for a lesion with good prognostic factors. Their site and histology present no unusual features. 64% appeared in the contralateral lung; 78% had the same histological type as the first @entity5 . Among 28 @entity1 treated by surgery, 26 had a second resection: there were two peri-operative deaths and 4 major complications. Among the 36 @entity1 rejected for surgery, 21 had excessively altered lung function tests. 30 @entity1 were treated with radiotherapy, 7 with chemotherapy first; one had no treatment. The survival rate for the whole group was quite good: 26% at three years; it was significantly better after a second resection: 41% at three years. Overall survival seems comparable with that of the @entity1 operated upon for a single @entity189 .

title: [Analysis of 64 second XXXX of the bronchi].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['primary lung carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity153 :: ('MESH:D002283', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['primary cancers']


abstract: @entity6212 has been found to activate the gluconeogenic pathway in perfused isolated @entity35 liver. Whether a net increase in the production of @entity413 is observed is a function of the relative concentrations of the @entity413 precursor and the @entity844 . The kinetics of @entity6212 interaction with the gluconeogenic pathway are influenced by the rate changes induced by decreases in @entity2388 concentration as a result of the increased @entity2125 redox potential produced by the oxidation of @entity844 . Taking this into account, two distinct effects of @entity6212 were identified. The first is an increase in the Vmax even at the lowest (25 microM) concentration of the @entity844 tested. The second is a progressive decrease in [ @entity2388 ]0.5 as a function of @entity6212 concentration. The latter occurs at low (less than 0.1 mM), presumably physiological, @entity2388 concentrations, when its mitochondrial transport is limiting, indicating that this process must have been activated. The former is observable even at high (greater than 0.5 mM), supraphysiological, concentrations of @entity2388 , when its mitochondrial transport is not limiting, indicating that a distal step, presumably @entity2388 carboxylation, is activated. The action of @entity6212 in increasing gluconeogenesis has been found not to be related to a decreased flux through @entity2388 dehydrogenase, neither to changes in the @entity2125 redox potential nor to its ability to increase energy production. Actually, the @entity26 uptake induced by @entity6212 was largely accounted for by the production of @entity6178 body and the latter process was found to be independent of variations in energy demand.

title: Control of hepatic gluconeogenesis: role of XXXX oxidation.

entities_list: @entity6212 :: ('MESH:C031492', 'Chemical') :: ['Octanoate', 'octanoate']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity844 :: (CHEBI:35366,Chemical) :: ['fatty acid']


abstract: There is a strong demand to identify new strategies for disinfection and treatment of @entity1 , animal, and plant pathogens. The presented work shows the potential of clay minerals to contribute to the development of novel disinfection materials. Enhanced antimicrobial effect of a photoactive organic dye, @entity6693 (MB), in the colloids of clay mineral was observed. Singlet @entity26 (1O2) formed upon visible light irradiation was detected directly using luminescence measurements atthe near-infrared region and by spin-trapping method. While MB adsorbed on clay colloid particles lost the ability to produce 1O2 due to @entity74 , surprisingly, the antimicrobial activity was significantly enhanced. Under visible light irradiation, MB/clay minerals dispersions prevented the sporulation of A. @entity3456 and Penicillium sp. and inhibited the growth of @entity5132 by an additional 6-15% when compared with MB solution. In the experiments with @entity526 , the efficiency of MB was increased by the reduction of surviving cells by 27 and 33%. @entity794 proved to be the most susceptible to MB/clay dispersions. Only less than 20% cells survived with respect to the control experiment at the low MB concentration (1.1 x 10(-6) mol dm(-3)). The contradiction between the significant antimicrobial properties of MB in clay colloidal systems and low 1O2 formation can be explained in terms of the photosensitization mechanism. The role of clay particles is most likely to promote the contact between microorganism cells and photoactive MB. Although the dye directly bound to the clay surface exhibits significantly reduced photoactivity, the presence of clay mediates the delivery of dye molecules on the surface or inside cells. The results indicate new perspectives of potential implementations of clay minerals as parts of complex disinfection materials for industrial applications or in understanding similar processes in nature.

title: Clay mineral particles as effficient carriers of XXXX used for antimicrobial treatment.

entities_list: @entity6693 :: ('MESH:D008751', 'Chemical') :: ['methylene blue']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular aggregation']

answer: @entity6693 :: (MESH:D008751,Chemical) :: ['methylene blue']


abstract: In Germany, the incidence of @entity7135 is approximately 1/100,000 and has not risen during recent years. Transmission occurs by direct contact with respiratory droplets, mostly from asymptomatic carriers and less frequently from @entity1 with @entity66 . The incubation period can vary from 2-10 days but usually is 3-4 days. Incidence is highest in @entity1 and decreases with age. The mortality from @entity7135 is approximately 10%. In case @entity10217 is clinically suspected antibiotic treatment (in Germany with @entity3397 or a cephalosporin) should not be delayed. @entity1 must be isolated for at least 24 hours after the institution of antibiotic therapy. For early detection of local outbreaks, public health authorities should be quickly informed of suspected cases. @entity1 in close contact should be treated with antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis. In addition to @entity1215 , @entity2177 or @entity2756 can be used for chemoprophylaxis. For control of local outbreaks of serogroup C @entity7135 , the meningococcal vaccine can be used.

title: [Prevention of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Persons', 'children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['meningococal disease']

entities_list: @entity10217 :: ('MESH:D008585', 'Disease') :: ['meningococcal meningitis']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

entities_list: @entity7135 :: ('MESH:D008589', 'Disease') :: ['meningococcal disease']

answer: @entity10217 :: (MESH:D008585,Disease) :: ['meningococcal meningitis']


abstract: Data from the population-based Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program (MADDSP) were used to describe the underlying causes of @entity227 ( @entity19355 ; corrected @entity227 in the better eye of 20/70 or worse) in young @entity1 (n = 228) in metropolitan Atlanta in 1991-93. @entity1 with @entity19355 were identified through record review at multiple educational and medical sources. @entity1 were categorised as having isolated @entity19355 or @entity717 (i.e. @entity19355 plus one or more of four additional @entity717 ) and as having @entity4064 ( @entity227 20/70-20/400) or @entity1939 ( @entity227 worse than 20/400). Medical conditions abstracted from MADDSP sources were reviewed to determine the probable aetiology of a @entity1 's @entity19355 . Aetiologies were assigned to one of three developmental time periods: prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal. Prenatal aetiologies were identified in 43% of the @entity1 ; 38% of the prenatal aetiologies were genetic. Perinatal aetiologies were found in 27% of the @entity1 . Postnatal aetiologies were rare. Prenatal aetiologies were more common in @entity1 with isolated @entity19355 ; perinatal and postnatal aetiologies were more common in @entity1 with @entity717 . @entity1 with prenatal aetiologies tended to have less severe @entity1018 than did @entity1 with perinatal or postnatal aetiologies. The distribution varied by birthweight, but did not differ significantly by sex or race.

title: Aetiology of childhood XXXX , metropolitan Atlanta, 1991-93.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['vision loss']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual acuity', 'vision impairment']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity4064 :: ('MESH:D015354', 'Disease') :: ['low vision']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['developmental disabilities', 'multiple disabilities']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['vision impairment']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the safety and efficacy of an intraocular @entity619 drug delivery system (Surodex) in the treatment of @entity32 following @entity231 surgery. METHODS: Surodex is a biodegradable polymer that releases @entity619 for 7 to 10 days after placement in the anterior segment. Study 1 was a prospective, randomized, double-masked Phase II clinical trial of 90 @entity231 surgical @entity1 that compared treatment with Surodex to treatment with a placebo drug delivery system and to no anti-inflammatory drug treatment at all. Study 2 was a separate prospective, randomized, double-masked study of 60 @entity231 surgical @entity1 that compared treatment with Surodex to topical @entity619 (eye drop) therapy. RESULTS: In the first study, Surodex was superior to placebo in suppressing postsurgical @entity32 throughout the 60-day postoperative period, as judged by masked-evaluator, slit-lamp grading of cell and flare. The differences were statistically significant from postoperative day 3 through postoperative week 3. The majority of Surodex @entity1 did not require topical @entity134 by 2 weeks after surgery (93%) or by 2 months after surgery (88%). In the second study, Kowa laser flare meter readings were lower in Surodex @entity1 throughout the 90-day postoperative period. The results were statistically significant at 4, 8, and 15 days following surgery. There were no significant adverse complications of Surodex in either study. CONCLUSION: Surodex was safe and effective in suppressing postcataract surgery @entity32 and appears to be a promising alternative to topical @entity230 .

title: Two clinical trials of an intraocular XXXX delivery system for @entity231 surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the safety and efficacy of an intraocular @entity619 drug delivery system (Surodex) in the treatment of @entity32 following @entity231 surgery. METHODS: Surodex is a biodegradable polymer that releases @entity619 for 7 to 10 days after placement in the anterior segment. Study 1 was a prospective, randomized, double-masked Phase II clinical trial of 90 @entity231 surgical @entity1 that compared treatment with Surodex to treatment with a placebo drug delivery system and to no anti-inflammatory drug treatment at all. Study 2 was a separate prospective, randomized, double-masked study of 60 @entity231 surgical @entity1 that compared treatment with Surodex to topical @entity619 (eye drop) therapy. RESULTS: In the first study, Surodex was superior to placebo in suppressing postsurgical @entity32 throughout the 60-day postoperative period, as judged by masked-evaluator, slit-lamp grading of cell and flare. The differences were statistically significant from postoperative day 3 through postoperative week 3. The majority of Surodex @entity1 did not require topical @entity134 by 2 weeks after surgery (93%) or by 2 months after surgery (88%). In the second study, Kowa laser flare meter readings were lower in Surodex @entity1 throughout the 90-day postoperative period. The results were statistically significant at 4, 8, and 15 days following surgery. There were no significant adverse complications of Surodex in either study. CONCLUSION: Surodex was safe and effective in suppressing postcataract surgery @entity32 and appears to be a promising alternative to topical @entity230 .

title: Two clinical trials of an intraocular @entity134 delivery system for XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: Sixty-six cases of @entity9814 due to @entity5274 from December 1984 to June 1988 were analysed. A discrepancy of 28.8% existed between hysterosalpingography and operative findings, e. g. X-ray revealed blocked tubes, but during operation the tubes were found to be patent. The abnormal and marked tortuosity giving rise to resistance to the passage of oil at the ampullar portion of tubes in the majority of cases may be the explanation. Pathological examination of 48 specimens revealed the chief cause of obstruction was nonspecific infection (50.0%). The next @entity281 (31.3%). The third isthmic @entity9414 (6.25%) and the fourth @entity46 (4.2%). Operative procedures were done for the purpose of ovum pick-up and to treat the diseased tubes. Three cases of clinical pregnancy as the result of intra-operative ovum pick-up in a program of IVF/ET occurred after 1987 when our IVF technology gradually improved. This result suggests that operation on the tubes did not jeopardize the process of implantation. Among the 14 cases followed up for more than one year 3 cases became pregnant. Operations to relax and straighten up the tortuous part of the tubes or instillation of fluid into the tubes and transplantation of the healthy tube into the single horn uterus were effective. To do an @entity254 on the chronically inflamed and thickened tubes was not helpful.

title: [ XXXX due to @entity5274 and clinicopathologic study of 66 cases].

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['obstruction of fallopian tubes']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous infection']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity9814 :: ('MESH:D007247', 'Disease') :: ['female infertility']

entities_list: @entity9414 :: ('MESH:D012488', 'Disease') :: ['nodular salpingitis']

answer: @entity9814 :: (MESH:D007247,Disease) :: ['Female infertility']


abstract: Sixty-six cases of @entity9814 due to @entity5274 from December 1984 to June 1988 were analysed. A discrepancy of 28.8% existed between hysterosalpingography and operative findings, e. g. X-ray revealed blocked tubes, but during operation the tubes were found to be patent. The abnormal and marked tortuosity giving rise to resistance to the passage of oil at the ampullar portion of tubes in the majority of cases may be the explanation. Pathological examination of 48 specimens revealed the chief cause of obstruction was nonspecific infection (50.0%). The next @entity281 (31.3%). The third isthmic @entity9414 (6.25%) and the fourth @entity46 (4.2%). Operative procedures were done for the purpose of ovum pick-up and to treat the diseased tubes. Three cases of clinical pregnancy as the result of intra-operative ovum pick-up in a program of IVF/ET occurred after 1987 when our IVF technology gradually improved. This result suggests that operation on the tubes did not jeopardize the process of implantation. Among the 14 cases followed up for more than one year 3 cases became pregnant. Operations to relax and straighten up the tortuous part of the tubes or instillation of fluid into the tubes and transplantation of the healthy tube into the single horn uterus were effective. To do an @entity254 on the chronically inflamed and thickened tubes was not helpful.

title: [ @entity9814 due to XXXX and clinicopathologic study of 66 cases].

answer: @entity5274 :: (MESH:D005184,Disease) :: ['tubal obstruction--management']


abstract: @entity438 are extremely rare and most commonly caused by @entity4288 , @entity130 or @entity531 . Less frequently seen causes also include syphilis, cystic media @entity39 or @entity378 or @entity154 . The presence of a subclavian @entity439 can give rise to various symptoms such as a pulsating supraclavicular mass, @entity1897 or @entity2850 . Generally, surgical intervention is undertaken involving ligation and extirpation of the @entity439 followed by interposition of either a saphenous vein- or synthetic vascular graft. Recent diversifications in potential therapeutic strategies include the clinical application of transluminally positioned stents for the treatment of @entity455 . In the literature review we found more than 260 published cases of surgically treated subclavian @entity439 and additional 17 subclavian @entity439 treated by endoluminal stent application. From 1992-1997 5 subclavian @entity439 were resected in our hospital. In four cases a vein graft of the vena saphena magna and in one case a PTFE graft were used. The sensory ischaemic deficit regressed in the further follow up in four of the five cases. Patency was checked postoperatively by ultrasound sonography, angiography or MR-angiography.

title: [Surgical and interventional therapeutic possibilities in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus compression']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral embolism']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic outlet syndrome']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['Aneurysms of the subclavian artery']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['aneurysms of the subclavian artery']


abstract: Meta-analysis has demonstrated survival benefit for @entity1 with stage IIIB @entity1149 treated with sequential chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone. The introduction of chemotherapy as part of a multimodality approach has improved the outcome in this poor prognostic subset of @entity5 @entity1 . In the present phase II study we evaluated the safety and activity of a new @entity900 -based three-drug regimen consisting of @entity1206 / @entity1260 / @entity900 (VIP) followed by curative @entity1514 irradiation in 28 @entity1 with stage IIIB @entity1149 . @entity1 received @entity1206 25 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, @entity1260 3 g/m2 on day 1 (with mesna), and @entity900 80 mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks. After three courses of induction chemotherapy, @entity1 with objective response or stable disease were eligible for @entity1514 radiotherapy. Twenty-six of the 28 @entity1 received at least three courses of chemotherapy and were evaluable for response. The response rate to induction VIP was 58% (15 of 26 @entity1 ; one complete response and 14 partial responses). Seven @entity1 had disease stabilization and four progressed during chemotherapy. Radiation treatment started from 4 to 6 weeks after the end of chemotherapy with standard fractionation (200 cGy/day, 5 fractions/wk/6 wk). Eighteen of 22 @entity1 started @entity1514 irradiation; 14 completed the treatment plan, reaching the total dose of 60 Gy. The most relevant acute and late @entity137 of radiotherapy were grade 3 @entity1282 and @entity55 in two @entity1 and grade 3 lung @entity82 in six @entity1 . By comparing the @entity5 volumes before and after radiation treatment we observed six clinical remissions, three stable diseases, and five local progressions. The first site of recurrence was local in 10 of 18 @entity1 (56%), distant in seven @entity1 (38.8%), and both local and distant in one @entity1 . Median progression-free survival and overall survival for the @entity1 treated with radiotherapy (18 @entity1 ) were 14 months (range, 4 to 36 months) and 26 months (range, 7 to 54+ months), respectively; the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 61% and 52%. Curative @entity1514 radiotherapy was well tolerated after VIP induction chemotherapy; it reduced residual @entity5 volume in six @entity1 .

title: Sequential chemoradiation therapy with @entity1206 , @entity1260 , and XXXX in stage IIIB @entity1149 : a phase II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: Meta-analysis has demonstrated survival benefit for @entity1 with stage IIIB @entity1149 treated with sequential chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone. The introduction of chemotherapy as part of a multimodality approach has improved the outcome in this poor prognostic subset of @entity5 @entity1 . In the present phase II study we evaluated the safety and activity of a new @entity900 -based three-drug regimen consisting of @entity1206 / @entity1260 / @entity900 (VIP) followed by curative @entity1514 irradiation in 28 @entity1 with stage IIIB @entity1149 . @entity1 received @entity1206 25 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, @entity1260 3 g/m2 on day 1 (with mesna), and @entity900 80 mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks. After three courses of induction chemotherapy, @entity1 with objective response or stable disease were eligible for @entity1514 radiotherapy. Twenty-six of the 28 @entity1 received at least three courses of chemotherapy and were evaluable for response. The response rate to induction VIP was 58% (15 of 26 @entity1 ; one complete response and 14 partial responses). Seven @entity1 had disease stabilization and four progressed during chemotherapy. Radiation treatment started from 4 to 6 weeks after the end of chemotherapy with standard fractionation (200 cGy/day, 5 fractions/wk/6 wk). Eighteen of 22 @entity1 started @entity1514 irradiation; 14 completed the treatment plan, reaching the total dose of 60 Gy. The most relevant acute and late @entity137 of radiotherapy were grade 3 @entity1282 and @entity55 in two @entity1 and grade 3 lung @entity82 in six @entity1 . By comparing the @entity5 volumes before and after radiation treatment we observed six clinical remissions, three stable diseases, and five local progressions. The first site of recurrence was local in 10 of 18 @entity1 (56%), distant in seven @entity1 (38.8%), and both local and distant in one @entity1 . Median progression-free survival and overall survival for the @entity1 treated with radiotherapy (18 @entity1 ) were 14 months (range, 4 to 36 months) and 26 months (range, 7 to 54+ months), respectively; the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 61% and 52%. Curative @entity1514 radiotherapy was well tolerated after VIP induction chemotherapy; it reduced residual @entity5 volume in six @entity1 .

title: Sequential chemoradiation therapy with @entity1206 , @entity1260 , and @entity900 in stage IIIB XXXX : a phase II study.

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: Meta-analysis has demonstrated survival benefit for @entity1 with stage IIIB @entity1149 treated with sequential chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone. The introduction of chemotherapy as part of a multimodality approach has improved the outcome in this poor prognostic subset of @entity5 @entity1 . In the present phase II study we evaluated the safety and activity of a new @entity900 -based three-drug regimen consisting of @entity1206 / @entity1260 / @entity900 (VIP) followed by curative @entity1514 irradiation in 28 @entity1 with stage IIIB @entity1149 . @entity1 received @entity1206 25 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, @entity1260 3 g/m2 on day 1 (with mesna), and @entity900 80 mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks. After three courses of induction chemotherapy, @entity1 with objective response or stable disease were eligible for @entity1514 radiotherapy. Twenty-six of the 28 @entity1 received at least three courses of chemotherapy and were evaluable for response. The response rate to induction VIP was 58% (15 of 26 @entity1 ; one complete response and 14 partial responses). Seven @entity1 had disease stabilization and four progressed during chemotherapy. Radiation treatment started from 4 to 6 weeks after the end of chemotherapy with standard fractionation (200 cGy/day, 5 fractions/wk/6 wk). Eighteen of 22 @entity1 started @entity1514 irradiation; 14 completed the treatment plan, reaching the total dose of 60 Gy. The most relevant acute and late @entity137 of radiotherapy were grade 3 @entity1282 and @entity55 in two @entity1 and grade 3 lung @entity82 in six @entity1 . By comparing the @entity5 volumes before and after radiation treatment we observed six clinical remissions, three stable diseases, and five local progressions. The first site of recurrence was local in 10 of 18 @entity1 (56%), distant in seven @entity1 (38.8%), and both local and distant in one @entity1 . Median progression-free survival and overall survival for the @entity1 treated with radiotherapy (18 @entity1 ) were 14 months (range, 4 to 36 months) and 26 months (range, 7 to 54+ months), respectively; the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 61% and 52%. Curative @entity1514 radiotherapy was well tolerated after VIP induction chemotherapy; it reduced residual @entity5 volume in six @entity1 .

title: Sequential chemoradiation therapy with @entity1206 , XXXX , and @entity900 in stage IIIB @entity1149 : a phase II study.

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['ifosfamide']


abstract: Meta-analysis has demonstrated survival benefit for @entity1 with stage IIIB @entity1149 treated with sequential chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone. The introduction of chemotherapy as part of a multimodality approach has improved the outcome in this poor prognostic subset of @entity5 @entity1 . In the present phase II study we evaluated the safety and activity of a new @entity900 -based three-drug regimen consisting of @entity1206 / @entity1260 / @entity900 (VIP) followed by curative @entity1514 irradiation in 28 @entity1 with stage IIIB @entity1149 . @entity1 received @entity1206 25 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, @entity1260 3 g/m2 on day 1 (with mesna), and @entity900 80 mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks. After three courses of induction chemotherapy, @entity1 with objective response or stable disease were eligible for @entity1514 radiotherapy. Twenty-six of the 28 @entity1 received at least three courses of chemotherapy and were evaluable for response. The response rate to induction VIP was 58% (15 of 26 @entity1 ; one complete response and 14 partial responses). Seven @entity1 had disease stabilization and four progressed during chemotherapy. Radiation treatment started from 4 to 6 weeks after the end of chemotherapy with standard fractionation (200 cGy/day, 5 fractions/wk/6 wk). Eighteen of 22 @entity1 started @entity1514 irradiation; 14 completed the treatment plan, reaching the total dose of 60 Gy. The most relevant acute and late @entity137 of radiotherapy were grade 3 @entity1282 and @entity55 in two @entity1 and grade 3 lung @entity82 in six @entity1 . By comparing the @entity5 volumes before and after radiation treatment we observed six clinical remissions, three stable diseases, and five local progressions. The first site of recurrence was local in 10 of 18 @entity1 (56%), distant in seven @entity1 (38.8%), and both local and distant in one @entity1 . Median progression-free survival and overall survival for the @entity1 treated with radiotherapy (18 @entity1 ) were 14 months (range, 4 to 36 months) and 26 months (range, 7 to 54+ months), respectively; the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 61% and 52%. Curative @entity1514 radiotherapy was well tolerated after VIP induction chemotherapy; it reduced residual @entity5 volume in six @entity1 .

title: Sequential chemoradiation therapy with XXXX , @entity1260 , and @entity900 in stage IIIB @entity1149 : a phase II study.

answer: @entity1206 :: (MESH:C030852,Chemical) :: ['vinorelbine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1278 are considered to be the most serious @entity1277 in female adolescents, with a multifactorial etiology and severe medical complications. It is interesting to investigate the specific relationships of these @entity66 , coping mechanisms and biofeedback mitigation. METHODS: The study comprised 76 @entity28 and 27 anorectic @entity1 , as well as 35 healthy @entity1 as a control group. Psychological assessment was performed using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Emotional Profile Index, General Anxiety Scale, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and Cornell Medical Index. The therapy was multimodal, including a biofeedback relaxation system based on electrodermal response (EDR). RESULTS: Scores obtained from psychometric instruments, in particular concerning basic @entity148 , intrafamily conflicts, self-defense and @entity308 , showed that @entity1278 and @entity7298 are specifically stress related. Personality characteristics and the environment, as models for habits, modified the manner of coping with stress differently for @entity448 and @entity7298 . The EDR biofeedback was shown to be an effective support for mitigation of @entity1277 in preadolescents, with better results for anorectic @entity1 . The correlated difference in personality profiles suggested the use of specific animated sequences. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirmed the hypothesis that @entity28 could be related to different @entity1642 and coping mechanisms, and accordingly be differently mediated by biofeedback technique.

title: Psychological characteristics and biofeedback mitigation in preadolescents with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diseases to emotional stress']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity and anorexia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity7298 :: ('MESH:D006963', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphagia']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa', 'Anorexia and bulimia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['types of emotional stress']

answer: @entity1277 :: (MESH:D001068,Disease) :: ['eating disorders']