abstract: A formal inquiry on the health state of 1206 legally adopted @entity1 from Indonesia revealed @entity306 in 9 (0.9% of 1029 responses obtained), including two who had died. CT examination performed in 7 cases was abnormal in all. Four types of lesions were seen: 1. Bilateral full thickness porencephalies ( @entity75 ) in 4 cases, amounting to 0.4% of the total population on which response was obtained. 2. Full thickness @entity9670 of the area of one internal carotid artery in 1 case. 3. @entity15260 -like lesion in 1 case, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. 4. Supratentorial midline cyst resulting in @entity1276 . The frequency of the @entity75 found in 4 out of 7 cerebral palsied investigated by CT is remarkable in view of its rarity in radiological studies on @entity306 and because of its relationship to prenatal rather than perinatal damage according to previous pathological studies. This is the first systematic study on the neurodevelopmental outcome of a group of adopted babies which indicates an increased risk to specific prenatal @entity75 .

title: @entity9670 and XXXX in adopted @entity1 . Frequency ascertainment in a risk group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity15260 :: ('MESH:C538514', 'Disease') :: ['Schizencephaly']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity9670 :: ('MESH:D065708', 'Disease') :: ['porencephaly']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage', 'BFTP lesion']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity15260 :: (MESH:C538514,Disease) :: ['schizencephaly']


abstract: A formal inquiry on the health state of 1206 legally adopted @entity1 from Indonesia revealed @entity306 in 9 (0.9% of 1029 responses obtained), including two who had died. CT examination performed in 7 cases was abnormal in all. Four types of lesions were seen: 1. Bilateral full thickness porencephalies ( @entity75 ) in 4 cases, amounting to 0.4% of the total population on which response was obtained. 2. Full thickness @entity9670 of the area of one internal carotid artery in 1 case. 3. @entity15260 -like lesion in 1 case, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. 4. Supratentorial midline cyst resulting in @entity1276 . The frequency of the @entity75 found in 4 out of 7 cerebral palsied investigated by CT is remarkable in view of its rarity in radiological studies on @entity306 and because of its relationship to prenatal rather than perinatal damage according to previous pathological studies. This is the first systematic study on the neurodevelopmental outcome of a group of adopted babies which indicates an increased risk to specific prenatal @entity75 .

title: XXXX and @entity15260 in adopted @entity1 . Frequency ascertainment in a risk group.

answer: @entity9670 :: (MESH:D065708,Disease) :: ['Porencephaly']


abstract: A formal inquiry on the health state of 1206 legally adopted @entity1 from Indonesia revealed @entity306 in 9 (0.9% of 1029 responses obtained), including two who had died. CT examination performed in 7 cases was abnormal in all. Four types of lesions were seen: 1. Bilateral full thickness porencephalies ( @entity75 ) in 4 cases, amounting to 0.4% of the total population on which response was obtained. 2. Full thickness @entity9670 of the area of one internal carotid artery in 1 case. 3. @entity15260 -like lesion in 1 case, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. 4. Supratentorial midline cyst resulting in @entity1276 . The frequency of the @entity75 found in 4 out of 7 cerebral palsied investigated by CT is remarkable in view of its rarity in radiological studies on @entity306 and because of its relationship to prenatal rather than perinatal damage according to previous pathological studies. This is the first systematic study on the neurodevelopmental outcome of a group of adopted babies which indicates an increased risk to specific prenatal @entity75 .

title: @entity9670 and @entity15260 in adopted XXXX . Frequency ascertainment in a risk group.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: This study examines the influence of @entity620 pretreatment on @entity1068 clearance, @entity137 , and @entity146 after an acute dose of @entity1068 in @entity1 . @entity620 or a placebo was given to 20 healthy male subjects for 2 weeks before @entity1068 consumption. The dose of @entity1068 was 0.95 gm/kg body weight and was consumed during a 2 1/2-hour period. Thirty minutes after @entity1068 consumption, motor coordination and intellectual function were assessed by Goldberg's "Finger-Finger" and "Serial Sevens" tests. In addition, color discrimination was measured with the use of the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Color Test. Hourly blood samples were taken for 10 hours after @entity1068 consumption to measure serum @entity412 levels, blood @entity880 / @entity2388 ratios, and serum enzymes. Blood @entity1068 clearance was also determined. @entity1068 consumption elevated serum @entity412 levels and blood @entity880 / @entity2388 ratios and impaired performance of the behavioral tests but did not alter serum enzyme levels. @entity620 pretreatment resulted in significant enhancement in blood @entity1068 clearance and an increase in serum @entity412 levels after @entity1068 consumption in half of the subjects. @entity620 pretreatment also resulted in improved motor coordination and color discrimination after @entity1068 consumption in half of the subjects. @entity620 pretreatment did not influence elevated blood @entity880 / @entity2388 ratios or impaired intellectual function.

title: Effect of XXXX on the consequences of acute alcohol consumption in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral impairment']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['Ascorbic acid', 'ascorbic acid']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethanol', 'ethanol']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity620 :: (MESH:D001205,Chemical) :: ['ascorbic acid']


abstract: This study examines the influence of @entity620 pretreatment on @entity1068 clearance, @entity137 , and @entity146 after an acute dose of @entity1068 in @entity1 . @entity620 or a placebo was given to 20 healthy male subjects for 2 weeks before @entity1068 consumption. The dose of @entity1068 was 0.95 gm/kg body weight and was consumed during a 2 1/2-hour period. Thirty minutes after @entity1068 consumption, motor coordination and intellectual function were assessed by Goldberg's "Finger-Finger" and "Serial Sevens" tests. In addition, color discrimination was measured with the use of the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Color Test. Hourly blood samples were taken for 10 hours after @entity1068 consumption to measure serum @entity412 levels, blood @entity880 / @entity2388 ratios, and serum enzymes. Blood @entity1068 clearance was also determined. @entity1068 consumption elevated serum @entity412 levels and blood @entity880 / @entity2388 ratios and impaired performance of the behavioral tests but did not alter serum enzyme levels. @entity620 pretreatment resulted in significant enhancement in blood @entity1068 clearance and an increase in serum @entity412 levels after @entity1068 consumption in half of the subjects. @entity620 pretreatment also resulted in improved motor coordination and color discrimination after @entity1068 consumption in half of the subjects. @entity620 pretreatment did not influence elevated blood @entity880 / @entity2388 ratios or impaired intellectual function.

title: Effect of @entity620 on the consequences of acute alcohol consumption in XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: A nationwide survey of the clinical presentation, pathology, and management of soft tissue @entity242 in adults was carried out under the auspices of the Commission on @entity5 of the American College of Surgeons. Two separate 2-year periods were used to allow assessment of changes in patterns of care. Data were obtained from 504 hospitals in 1977-1978 (2355 @entity1 ) and 645 institutions in 1983-1984 (3457 @entity1 ). Pretreatment findings of interest included some evidence of physician delay in diagnosis, overuse of excisional biopsy as opposed to the generally preferred approach of incisional biopsy, a low rate of usage of the American Joint Committee for @entity5 Staging (AJCSS) system, and major reliance on CT for pretreatment @entity1 evaluation. Operation was the primary treatment, with or without adjuvant therapies, in approximately three fourths of the @entity1 . The other one fourth were primarily @entity1 with distant @entity3 at the time of diagnosis. Some increase in multimodal therapy did occur in the second period but the rate of amputation was low (approximately 10%) in both periods studied. Survival curves support the prognostic validity of the AJCCS system and the value of complete resection of soft tissue @entity242 . Adverse prognostic factors included positive surgical margins, @entity5 , retroperitoneal or mediastinal primary sites, some histologic types, and the perceived need for adjuvant therapy. @entity1 receiving adjuvant radiation or chemotherapy had less favorable survival data than those treated by operation alone due to criteria used for selecting @entity1 for these therapies. Approximately one half of the treatment failures in the 1977-1978 series were locoregional, whereas 18% were limited to lung @entity3 . Salvage therapy for these two forms of treatment failure yielded 61% and 21% 5-year survival rates.

title: XXXX . A pattern of care survey of the American College of Surgeons.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['large tumors', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['Adult soft tissue sarcomas']


abstract: @entity86 enhances experimental intestinal @entity105 , but the effects of nonsurgical adaptation are uncertain. The tropic and @entity5 -promoting potentials of moderate @entity2332 were tested in two groups of male @entity35 housed at 10 degrees C for 30 weeks. One group (n = 10) received a 6-week course of @entity2985 (total dose 90 mg kg-1). The second group (n = 7) acted as hypothermic controls. Another 2 groups maintained at 22 degrees C received @entity2985 (n = 15) or served as normothermic controls (n = 15). Overall food intake was 42% higher in the hypothermic groups, yet at sacrifice mean body weight was 13% lower (P less than 0.01). @entity2332 and @entity2985 combined to produce the following increases in crypt cell production rate (CCPR), as determined stathmokinetically: duodenum 170%, jejunum 172%, ileum 74%, proximal colon 227% (P = 0.05-0.01). Independently @entity2332 had no effect, but @entity2985 produced 76-156% increases in CCPR throughout the large intestine. Although @entity2332 did not affect overall @entity5 yield, the mean diameter of proximal @entity5 was increased by 65% (P less than 0.05). In @entity35 receiving @entity2985 , @entity2332 stimulates cell proliferation in the small bowel as well as in the proximal colon, where it has a correspondingly mild cocarcinogenic effect.

title: Effect of @entity2332 on intestinal adaptation and XXXX in the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['colonic tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2985 :: ('MESH:D001397', 'Chemical') :: ['azoxymethane']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia', 'Hypothermia']

answer: @entity105 :: (MESH:D063646,Disease) :: ['carcinogenesis']


abstract: @entity86 enhances experimental intestinal @entity105 , but the effects of nonsurgical adaptation are uncertain. The tropic and @entity5 -promoting potentials of moderate @entity2332 were tested in two groups of male @entity35 housed at 10 degrees C for 30 weeks. One group (n = 10) received a 6-week course of @entity2985 (total dose 90 mg kg-1). The second group (n = 7) acted as hypothermic controls. Another 2 groups maintained at 22 degrees C received @entity2985 (n = 15) or served as normothermic controls (n = 15). Overall food intake was 42% higher in the hypothermic groups, yet at sacrifice mean body weight was 13% lower (P less than 0.01). @entity2332 and @entity2985 combined to produce the following increases in crypt cell production rate (CCPR), as determined stathmokinetically: duodenum 170%, jejunum 172%, ileum 74%, proximal colon 227% (P = 0.05-0.01). Independently @entity2332 had no effect, but @entity2985 produced 76-156% increases in CCPR throughout the large intestine. Although @entity2332 did not affect overall @entity5 yield, the mean diameter of proximal @entity5 was increased by 65% (P less than 0.05). In @entity35 receiving @entity2985 , @entity2332 stimulates cell proliferation in the small bowel as well as in the proximal colon, where it has a correspondingly mild cocarcinogenic effect.

title: Effect of XXXX on intestinal adaptation and @entity105 in the @entity35 .

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: @entity86 enhances experimental intestinal @entity105 , but the effects of nonsurgical adaptation are uncertain. The tropic and @entity5 -promoting potentials of moderate @entity2332 were tested in two groups of male @entity35 housed at 10 degrees C for 30 weeks. One group (n = 10) received a 6-week course of @entity2985 (total dose 90 mg kg-1). The second group (n = 7) acted as hypothermic controls. Another 2 groups maintained at 22 degrees C received @entity2985 (n = 15) or served as normothermic controls (n = 15). Overall food intake was 42% higher in the hypothermic groups, yet at sacrifice mean body weight was 13% lower (P less than 0.01). @entity2332 and @entity2985 combined to produce the following increases in crypt cell production rate (CCPR), as determined stathmokinetically: duodenum 170%, jejunum 172%, ileum 74%, proximal colon 227% (P = 0.05-0.01). Independently @entity2332 had no effect, but @entity2985 produced 76-156% increases in CCPR throughout the large intestine. Although @entity2332 did not affect overall @entity5 yield, the mean diameter of proximal @entity5 was increased by 65% (P less than 0.05). In @entity35 receiving @entity2985 , @entity2332 stimulates cell proliferation in the small bowel as well as in the proximal colon, where it has a correspondingly mild cocarcinogenic effect.

title: Effect of @entity2332 on intestinal adaptation and @entity105 in the XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in the use of lymphadenectomy for @entity4348 of the endometrium between 1998 and 2012. METHODS: A time-trend analysis was conducted using a population-based @entity5 registry covering 28% of the population of the United States. To quantify differences over the study period time, the frequency of lymphadenectomy and nodal @entity3 among @entity1 who underwent surgical treatment of @entity1204 was compared among consecutive 3- to 4-year periods. Biannual frequency of lymphadenectomy was modeled with Joinpoint regression to identify when potential changes in trends occurred and calculate annual percentage change. RESULTS: A total of 74,365 @entity1 who underwent surgery between 1998 and 2012 were analyzed. Frequency of lymphadenectomy increased by 4.2% annually (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.7-4.6) from 1998 to 2007, after which the frequency declined by 1.6% per year (95% CI 0.9-2.2). Between 1998-2000 and 2007-2009, the frequency of lymphadenectomy rose from 48.7% to 65.5% (risk difference 16.8%, 95% CI 15.4-18.1), the proportion of @entity1 found to have nodal @entity3 increased by 1.1% (95% CI 0.4-1.7), and the frequency of negative lymphadenectomy increased by 15.7% (95% CI 14.3-17.1). The decline in frequency of lymphadenectomy after 2007 was associated a 3.1% (95% CI 2.1-4.1) decline in the rate of negative lymphadenectomy, but no change in the proportion of @entity1 found to have nodal @entity3 (P=.17). CONCLUSION: The frequency of lymphadenectomy in the surgical treatment of @entity1204 increased by 4.2% annually from 1998 to 2007 and decreased by 1.6% annually from 2007 to 2012. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.

title: Changing Trends in Lymphadenectomy for XXXX of the Endometrium.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid endometrial cancer', 'endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity4348 :: (MESH:D018269,Disease) :: ['Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To investigate the patterns of regional gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) @entity194 , WM microstructural tissue damage, and changes in @entity1 with a @entity922 ( @entity922 ) suggestive of @entity15 at 2 years from clinical onset. Materials and Methods Institutional review board approval and written informed consent from all @entity1 were obtained. Neurologic assessment and conventional, diffusion-tensor, and volumetric brain MR imaging sequences were performed in 37 @entity1 with @entity922 within 2 months of clinical onset, and after 3, 12, and 24 months. Fourteen healthy control subjects also were studied. Longitudinal GM and WM volume changes and WM microstructural abnormalities were assessed by using voxel-based morphometry (P < .001, uncorrected) and tract-based spatial statistics (P < .05, corrected). Results At 24 months, 33 of 37 (89%) @entity1 had developed @entity15 . At month 3, @entity1 with @entity922 showed a transient volume increase in frontal, parietal, temporal, and cerebellar GM regions. At 12 months, @entity1 with @entity922 developed @entity194 of the thalami, caudate nuclei, cerebellum, and frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. At 24 months GM volume of the frontal, temporal, and parietal cortical areas further decreased from that at 12 months. WM @entity194 involved only a few WM regions at 2 months from clinical onset, with progressive involvement of additional WM tracts with time. A diffuse pattern of WM microstructural abnormalities was detected within 2 months of onset and had worsened at 24 months. Conclusion After an acute inflammatory event, dynamic modifications of regional GM and @entity62 occur in @entity1 with @entity922 , with a progressive evolution of @entity62 from disease onset and a transient, early increase in GM volume, followed by @entity194 . Neurodegenerative processes start early in @entity1 with @entity15 . (  ) RSNA, 2015 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Clinically Isolated Syndrome Suggestive of XXXX : Dynamic Patterns of Gray and White Matter Changes-A 2-year MR Imaging Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy', 'GM atrophy']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['WM damage']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['clinically isolated syndrome', 'CIS']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: This work was carried out with the intent of developing a method capable of routinely evaluating @entity291 thymus nuclear preparations with the electron microscope. Examination of small random samples, pre-embedded in agar after fixation with @entity14324 , were found to give results comparable to those obtained with much larger samples withdrawn randomly from pellets and embedded and sectioned conventionally. Results obtained by this pre-embedding technique with @entity8697 , @entity3734 , or @entity14324 fixations were equivalent. @entity291 thymus nuclear preparations isolated in @entity969 by the method prevalently used (see 1) are contaminated only slightly with intact cells, to a degree which varies with each preparation. However, intact cells, damaged cells, or nuclei with some cytoplasm constitute together about 30 per cent of the preparation. Particles other than intact cells are not readily distinguishable from one another by light or phase microscope techniques. These preparations can be purified further by centrifuging through a dense sucrose layer. In our hands, however, contamination with some cytoplasm still remains in approximately 10 per cent of the particles. Incubation of the particles prepared without purification procedures, under conditions frequently used, results in the extensive breakdown of particles. Under at least one set of conditions, nuclei are selectively disrupted, leaving primarily damaged cells in the preparation.

title: AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF XXXX THYMUS NUCLEAR PREPARATIONS ISOLATED IN SUCROSE SOLUTIONS.

entities_list: @entity3734 :: ('MESH:D009993', 'Chemical') :: ['osmium tetroxide']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity14324 :: ('MESH:C048856', 'Chemical') :: ['permanganate']

entities_list: @entity8697 :: ('MESH:D000171', 'Chemical') :: ['acrolein']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['CALF']


abstract: The aim of this study was to unveil the mechanism by which aligned nanofibers influence neuronal differentiation. PC12 cells were seeded on three different @entity7049 ( @entity15274 ) substrates ( @entity15274 films (control), electrospun @entity15274 random nanofibers (RF) and electrospun @entity15274 aligned nanofibers (AF)). Subsequently, cellular experiments, cDNA microarrays and molecular biological approaches were employed to investigate the impacts of the different @entity15274 substrates on PC12 cell differentiation. Scanning electron microscope observation revealed that neurite outgrowth in the AF group was parallel to the direction of nanofiber alignment and that the filopodias at the neurite tips spread along the aligned nanofiber @entity2270 . Meanwhile, both neurite length and the expression of @entity9270 (a neuronal differentiation marker gene) were higher in the AF group than those in the control and RF groups. These results suggested that the @entity15274 aligned nanofibers enhanced PC12 cell differentiation. cDNA microarray experiment revealed that 876 and 1937 genes had significantly changed expression in the RF and AF groups, respectively. Based on gene ontology analysis, 493 and 1193 differentially expressed genes involved in neuronal differentiation were found in the RF and AF groups, respectively. Pathway analysis showed that the @entity15274 aligned nanofibers mainly mediated their effects via integrin-mediated pathways. qRT-PCR and western blotting assays further confirmed that gene and protein expression levels in the integrin-mediated FAK-MEK-ERK pathway (e.g., @entity72195 , @entity72196 , phosphorylated- @entity2508 ) were enhanced by the @entity15274 aligned nanofibers. Both PC12 cell differentiation and the expressions of genes and proteins in the integrin-mediated FAK-MEK-ERK pathway were inhibited when integrins were blocked by the @entity12704 GRGDS. In addition, the @entity72197 gene was found to be involved in @entity15274 aligned nanofibers' promotion of PC12 cell differentiation. Taken together, the results suggested that @entity15274 aligned nanofibers might cooperate with nerve growth factor (NGF) to induce PC12 cell differentiation by activating the integrin-mediated FAK-MEK-ERK pathway and the @entity72197 gene.

title: Influence of XXXX Aligned Nanofibers on PC12 Differentiation.

entities_list: @entity7049 :: ('MESH:C010506', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(L-lactic acid)']

entities_list: @entity12704 :: ('CHEBI:48545', 'Chemical') :: ['pentapeptide']

answer: @entity7049 :: (MESH:C010506,Chemical) :: ['Poly(L-Lactic Acid)']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of primary stenting with @entity1311 eluting stents for TASC C and D femoropopliteal lesions. METHODS: @entity1 with TASC C/D de novo femoropopliteal lesions were treated by implanting @entity1311 eluting stents. @entity1 were included in a single center registry and prospectively followed by clinical and ultrasound evaluation. X-ray of the stented zone was systematically performed 12 months after implantation. The primary endpoint was primary sustained clinical improvement after 12 months. RESULTS: A total of 45 @entity1 (48 limbs) suffering from @entity613 (25 limbs) or CLI (23 limbs) were enrolled. Lesions were either TASC C (28 limbs) or TASC D (20 limbs). The mean length of the treated segment was 252      90  mm. The mean number of stents was 2.9      1 (2-5). Mean follow up was 12.7 months. No @entity1 was lost to follow up. At 1 year post procedure, primary and secondary sustained clinical improvements were 56.3      7.4% and 80.1      5.9% respectively. Freedom from @entity75 and target extremity revascularization were 63.6% and 90.1%, respectively. Primary and secondary patency rates were 52.5% and 79.6%. One year primary sustained clinical improvement rates for TASC C/D were 63.3      9.2% and 45.6      11.7%, respectively (p  =  .34). One year primary sustained clinical improvement rates for @entity613 /CLI @entity1 were 68      9.3% and 41.6      11.1%, respectively (p  =  .13). The incidence of in stent re-stenosis and in stent @entity715 were 25% and 14%, respectively. The incidence of stent @entity174 was 12.5% on a limb basis and 9% on a per stent basis. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1311 eluting stent did not achieve its goal in terms of prevention of in stent re-stenosis for TASC C/D femoropopliteal lesions. It requires frequent re-interventions during the first year to maintain satisfactory clinical results.

title: Treatment of TASC C and D Femoropoliteal Lesions with XXXX eluting Stents: 12 month Results of the STELLA-PTX Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['claudication']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['Paclitaxel']


abstract: BACKGROUND AIMS: Stem cell-based tissue regeneration offers potential for treatment of @entity2122 . The dental follicle, a loose connective tissue surrounding the unerupted tooth, has been shown to contain progenitor/stem cells. Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) have strong osteogenesis capability, which makes them suitable for repairing skeletal defects. The objective of this study was to evaluate bone regeneration capability of DFSCs loaded into @entity4351 ( @entity4351 ) scaffold for treatment of @entity2122 . METHODS: DFSCs were isolated from the first mandibular molars of postnatal @entity35 and seeded into the @entity4351 scaffold. Cell attachment and cell viability on the scaffold were examined with the use of scanning electron microscopy and alamar blue reduction assay. For in  vivo transplantation, critical-size defects were created on the skulls of 5-month-old immunocompetent @entity35 , and the cell-scaffold constructs were transplanted into the defects. RESULTS: Skulls were collected at 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation, and bone regeneration in the defects was evaluated with the use of micro-computed tomography and histological analysis. Scanning electron microscopy and Alamar blue assay demonstrated attachment and proliferation of DFSCs in the @entity4351 scaffold. Bone regeneration was observed in the defects treated with DFSC transplantation but not in the controls without DFSC transplant. Transplanting DFSC- @entity4351 with or without osteogenic induction before transplantation achieved approximately 50% bone regeneration at 8 weeks. Formation of woven bone was observed in the DFSC- @entity4351 treatment group. Similar results were seen when osteogenic-induced DFSC- @entity4351 was transplanted to the critical-size defects. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that transplantation of DFSCs seeded into @entity4351 scaffolds can be used to repair @entity2122 .

title: Evaluation of bone regeneration potential of dental follicle stem cells for  treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2122 :: ('MESH:D019465', 'Disease') :: ['craniofacial defects', 'craniofacial bone defects']

entities_list: @entity4351 :: ('CHEBI:60736', 'Chemical') :: ['polycaprolactone', 'PCL']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity2122 :: (MESH:D019465,Disease) :: ['craniofacial defects']


abstract: The distinction between primary @entity5 and @entity3 of other @entity5 in salivary glands is of special importance for therapy and prognosis. In the files of the Salivary Gland Register, 10,944 cases were collected during 1965 and 1985. Among these cases, there were 108 cases of @entity3 to the parotid and submandibular gland. The pathohistological analysis of these @entity5 revealed the following data: 47 cases (43%) of @entity3 were localized in the parenchyma of the parotid gland (37 cases) or of the submandibular gland (10 cases). 61 cases (57%) displayed @entity3 in the lymph nodes of the parotid gland (38 cases) or of the submandibular gland (23 cases). The sublingual gland was free of @entity3 . 65 @entity3 originated from @entity5 in the neighborhood (head and neck). 32 @entity5 were @entity189 of the skin, 17 @entity5 were @entity320 , and 13 @entity5 were @entity5 . Metastases of @entity259 were found in 3 cases. The relative frequency of @entity3 in the lymph nodes of the salivary glands is due to the intense drainage with lymph vessels and the presence of many lymph nodes which are localized especially in the gland parenchyma or around the parotid gland. 21 @entity3 originated from @entity5 distant from the head and neck region. There were @entity2 (7 cases), @entity703 (6 cases), mammary @entity5 (6 cases), @entity694 (1 case) and @entity5 (1 case). @entity1358 in salivary gland tissue should always be checked for a @entity3 of a primary @entity703 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX to the parotid and submandibular glands--analysis and differential diagnosis of 108 cases.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors', 'nasopharyngeal cancers', 'cancers', 'salivary gland tumors', 'uterus cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['metastases of lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['Clear cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastatic tumors', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancers']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanomas']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal cancer', 'renal cancers']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Metastatic tumors']


abstract: A @entity35 mammary @entity420 cell clone, MTC, and a @entity35 lung endothelial cell clone, RLE cl.4, both syngeneic to the Fisher 344 @entity35 , were compared for proteins synthesized at 37 degrees C and after a 1-h, 42 degrees C heat dose. The heat stress-induced or -enhanced synthesis of a series of molecular mass groups and isoelectric point species (isomers) was observed in both equilibrium and nonequilibrium two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. @entity5 and endothelial cell heat-stress proteins (hsp) were strikingly similar with most hsp in 11 or 13 molecular mass groups having from 1 to 12 major isomers. In comparing the two cell types, 6 of about 23 major hsp isomers appeared different in equilibrium pH gels, with @entity5 cells seemingly exhibiting less synthesis of these 6 isomers. Four additional endothelial cell hsp isomers were apparent in nonequilibrium pH gels. Since two of these later hsp can be found at higher heat doses in @entity5 cells, some of these apparent differences between @entity5 and endothelial cells may be attributable to different dose ranges for induction of hsp. Fluorograms and @entity575 -stained gels showed that several hsp were being synthesized at appreciable levels in unheated cells. However, there were hsp whose synthesis appeared to be de novo rather than representing enhanced synthesis of existing proteins. These last two observations were made in both @entity5 and normal cells. The constitutive levels of hsp synthesis appeared to be generally similar in unheated @entity5 and normal cells in vitro with few exceptions. These results indicate the presence of few unique hsp in @entity5 and normal cells in vitro. However, focusing subsequent studies on the few differences may lead to insights concerning hyperthermic biology of @entity5 and normal cells, phenotypic differences between these cells, and roles of some hsp.

title: Heat-stress proteins of @entity35 lung endothelial and mammary XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'syngeneic tumor', 'Tumor']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: A @entity35 mammary @entity420 cell clone, MTC, and a @entity35 lung endothelial cell clone, RLE cl.4, both syngeneic to the Fisher 344 @entity35 , were compared for proteins synthesized at 37 degrees C and after a 1-h, 42 degrees C heat dose. The heat stress-induced or -enhanced synthesis of a series of molecular mass groups and isoelectric point species (isomers) was observed in both equilibrium and nonequilibrium two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. @entity5 and endothelial cell heat-stress proteins (hsp) were strikingly similar with most hsp in 11 or 13 molecular mass groups having from 1 to 12 major isomers. In comparing the two cell types, 6 of about 23 major hsp isomers appeared different in equilibrium pH gels, with @entity5 cells seemingly exhibiting less synthesis of these 6 isomers. Four additional endothelial cell hsp isomers were apparent in nonequilibrium pH gels. Since two of these later hsp can be found at higher heat doses in @entity5 cells, some of these apparent differences between @entity5 and endothelial cells may be attributable to different dose ranges for induction of hsp. Fluorograms and @entity575 -stained gels showed that several hsp were being synthesized at appreciable levels in unheated cells. However, there were hsp whose synthesis appeared to be de novo rather than representing enhanced synthesis of existing proteins. These last two observations were made in both @entity5 and normal cells. The constitutive levels of hsp synthesis appeared to be generally similar in unheated @entity5 and normal cells in vitro with few exceptions. These results indicate the presence of few unique hsp in @entity5 and normal cells in vitro. However, focusing subsequent studies on the few differences may lead to insights concerning hyperthermic biology of @entity5 and normal cells, phenotypic differences between these cells, and roles of some hsp.

title: Heat-stress proteins of XXXX lung endothelial and mammary @entity420 cells.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Twenty-three @entity1 with @entity2742 were evaluated preoperatively with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Twenty @entity1 also underwent thallium-201/ @entity1136 scintigraphy. Of 22 @entity1 with @entity459 , 12 had persistent or recurrent disease. One had @entity3528 due to @entity454 . MR imaging allowed accurate localization of abnormal parathyroid glands in 64% evaluated prospectively and 82% evaluated retrospectively. Scintigraphy allowed localization of 60% evaluated prospectively and 70% retrospectively. The two imaging modalities together allowed detection of 68% evaluated prospectively and 91% retrospectively. MR imaging allowed detection of two of five mediastinal adenomas evaluated prospectively and four of five retrospectively. In @entity1 who underwent both imaging studies, MR was more successful in those with previous neck surgery (73% evaluated prospectively and 91% retrospectively) than in those with no prior surgery (57% prospectively and 71% retrospectively). Scintigraphy allowed accurate localization in 64% evaluated prospectively and 64% retrospectively in @entity1 with previous surgery versus 57% prospectively and 86% retrospectively in @entity1 with no prior neck surgery. Four false-positive results were obtained with MR imaging and three with scintigraphy. MR imaging was useful for parathyroid localization in @entity1 with @entity2742 , particularly in @entity1 requiring additional surgery.

title: XXXX : comparison of MR imaging with radionuclide scanning.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1136 :: ('MESH:D013667', 'Chemical') :: ['technetium-99m']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity2742 :: (MESH:D006961,Disease) :: ['Hyperparathyroidism']


abstract: In 8 anesthetized mongrel @entity235 , we studied the effects of @entity5402 -induced bronchoconstriction (BC) on the cardiovascular system. Inhalation of @entity5402 in an amount sufficient to produce at least a 50% decrease in lung conductance (GL) did not lead to significant changes in cardiac output, mean transmural left atrial ( @entity1989 ) or right atrial pressure, end-diastolic left ventricular septal-lateral dimension, left ventricular apex to base dimension, or in end-diastolic right ventricular septal to lateral dimension during expiration. Mean transmural pulmonary arterial pressure rose and mean transmural aortic pressure (Pao) fell during BC. During inspiration, there were significant increases in transmural left atrial pressure, @entity1989 , associated with decreases in end-diastolic left ventricular septal-lateral and apex-base dimensions. End-diastolic right ventricular septal-lateral dimension increased during inspiration. Beat-to-beat aortic flow (Qao) decreased during inspiration, while pulmonary arterial flow increased. There were no changes in transmural Pao during inspiration measured at the nadir of aortic flow. During BC, these changes were exaggerated, but remained qualitatively the same. The magnitude of the inspiratory decrease in pleural pressure (Ppl) was shown to be linearly related to the magnitude of the change in GL, and the magnitude of the inspiratory decrease in Pao and Qao (pulsus paradoxus) was shown to be linearly related to the magnitude of the inspiratory swing in Ppl. Although vagotomy significantly altered the pattern of respiration such that tidal volume increased and respiratory rate decreased, it did not substantially alter the responses of the cardiovascular system to breathing during BC. We conclude: the inspiratory decrease in Pao and Qao (pulsus paradoxus) is associated with a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic filling, and a stiffening of the left ventricle; these changes are exaggerated during BC as a result of the exaggerated inspiratory swings in Ppl; the effects on left ventricular dynamics are mediated only in part through increases in right ventricular end-diastolic filling operating through the mechanism of ventricular interdependence; changes in left ventricular afterload appear to play little role in determining the responses seen.

title: Cardiovascular performance during bronchospasm in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: Onchocerca cervicalis microfilariae (mf) were injected s.c. into the scalp between the eyes of CBA/H @entity19 . Invasion was followed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and H _ E stained serial sections at varying times post infection. The first mf observed were found 24 hr p.i. on the corneal surface in tear fluid. At 48 hr mf were observed actively swimming in the anterior chamber and by 3 d in the @entity2687 . Histologically mf appeared in orbital muscle connective tissue, subcutaneously in the eyebrows at the eyelid/conjunctiva junction from 6 hr p.i. By 12 hr some mf had moved into the suprascleral muscle junctions, the sclera and into the superior @entity2687 . By 24 hr mf were present in larger numbers in all these sites. Mf were found in all eyes up to 42 d p.i. No mf were seen in any sections of the retina or optic nerve. Rabbit antiserum raised to mf, used in an avidin- @entity1885 immunostain to check whether mf might have been hidden within the retinal nuclear layers, revealed no mf although they were plainly seen in other ocular tissues. Retinal invasion was induced by injection of mf into the lateral tail vein: serial sections revealed mf associated with blood vessels in the sclera, suprascleral @entity121 and inner plexiform layer of the retina from 5 min p.i.

title: Invasion of the XXXX eye by Onchocerca microfilariae.

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle blocks']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal stroma']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The current @entity5 -node- @entity3 staging system for the pancreas does not incorporate the number of lymph nodes (LNs) with @entity3 . METHODS: Among 1649 pancreaticoduodenectomies, 227 stringently defined @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ) that had undergone a specific approach of LN harvesting were analyzed for the prognostic value of LN substaging protocols used for other gastrointestinal (GI) organs. RESULTS: The median number of LNs harvested was 18, and the median number of LNs with @entity3 was 3. Lymph node @entity3 was detected in 175 cases (77  %). The number of LNs involved correlated significantly with clinical outcome. When cases were substaged with the protocol already in use for the upper GI organs (N0: no @entity3 , N1: @entity3 to 1-2 LNs; N2: @entity3 to >= 3 LNs), the median overall survival times were 35, 21, and 18  months, and the respective 3-year survival rates were 46, 34, and 20  % (p  =  0.004). Analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database also confirmed the survival differences between these substages (median overall survival times of 23, 15, and 14  months and respective 3-year survival rates of 37, 22, and 18  %; p  <  0.0001). The substaging protocol for the lower GI organs (N0: no @entity3 ; N1: @entity3 to 1-3 LNs; N2: @entity3 to >= 4 LNs) also was significant, with median overall survival times of 35, 21, 18  months and respective 3-year survival rates of 46, 26, and 23  %; p  =  0.009). The association between higher N stage and shorter survival persisted with multivariate modeling for both protocols, although the prognostic value of the upper GI protocol appeared to be slightly stronger according to the Akaike Information Criterion method. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, with proper LN harvesting, the LN @entity3 rate in @entity1124 is very high (77  %). Substaging of LN @entity3 has significant prognostic value and needs to be considered in the N staging of @entity1124 . The protocol already in use for other upper GI tract organs, which currently also is proven significant for ampulla, would be preferable, although the lower GI tract protocol also is applicable.

title: Substaging of Lymph Node Status in Resected XXXX Has Strong Prognostic Correlations: Proposal for a Revised N Classification for TNM Staging.

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['PDACs', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1124 :: (MESH:D021441,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the number of nodes harvested and the rate of node positivity, and to evaluate the effect of @entity505 nanoparticles (CNPs) in improving lymph node detection and staging accuracy in @entity1 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by curative resection. STUDY DESIGN: Between September 2008 and June 2014, 152 consecutive @entity5 @entity1 treated with NCRT and curative resection were included. Forty-five @entity1 underwent preoperative submucosal injection of CNPs ( @entity11363 group); the other @entity1 underwent surgery only (control group). The relationship between the number of lymph nodes harvested and the rate of node positivity was investigated. A comparison of the number of harvested lymph nodes and the node positivity rate between the 2 groups was also performed. The lymph nodes in the @entity11363 group were analyzed in detail. RESULTS: The rate of node positivity increased gradually from 8.6% in @entity1 with 1 to 5 nodes assessed to 37.8% in @entity1 with 17 to 44 nodes assessed. The number of lymph nodes harvested was an independent risk factor for node positivity (p  = 0.036). The mean number of lymph nodes retrieved in the @entity11363 group was more than in the control group (21.1 vs 8.0, p  = 0.000). The percentage of @entity1 with positive lymph nodes was lower than in the control group (19.6% vs 35.6%, p  = 0.037). In the @entity11363 group, of 58 metastatic lymph nodes, 45 (77.6%) were dyed. Of 37 metastatic lymph nodes smaller than 5 mm, 33 (89.2%) were dyed. CONCLUSIONS: More precise oncologic prognosis assessment was provided for @entity1 with @entity5 after NCRT by increasing the number of lymph nodes counted using a dye-tracing method, indicating that the use of CNPs is beneficial.

title: Preoperative Submucosal Injection of XXXX Nanoparticles Improves Lymph Node Staging Accuracy in @entity5 after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['Carbon']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the number of nodes harvested and the rate of node positivity, and to evaluate the effect of @entity505 nanoparticles (CNPs) in improving lymph node detection and staging accuracy in @entity1 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by curative resection. STUDY DESIGN: Between September 2008 and June 2014, 152 consecutive @entity5 @entity1 treated with NCRT and curative resection were included. Forty-five @entity1 underwent preoperative submucosal injection of CNPs ( @entity11363 group); the other @entity1 underwent surgery only (control group). The relationship between the number of lymph nodes harvested and the rate of node positivity was investigated. A comparison of the number of harvested lymph nodes and the node positivity rate between the 2 groups was also performed. The lymph nodes in the @entity11363 group were analyzed in detail. RESULTS: The rate of node positivity increased gradually from 8.6% in @entity1 with 1 to 5 nodes assessed to 37.8% in @entity1 with 17 to 44 nodes assessed. The number of lymph nodes harvested was an independent risk factor for node positivity (p  = 0.036). The mean number of lymph nodes retrieved in the @entity11363 group was more than in the control group (21.1 vs 8.0, p  = 0.000). The percentage of @entity1 with positive lymph nodes was lower than in the control group (19.6% vs 35.6%, p  = 0.037). In the @entity11363 group, of 58 metastatic lymph nodes, 45 (77.6%) were dyed. Of 37 metastatic lymph nodes smaller than 5 mm, 33 (89.2%) were dyed. CONCLUSIONS: More precise oncologic prognosis assessment was provided for @entity1 with @entity5 after NCRT by increasing the number of lymph nodes counted using a dye-tracing method, indicating that the use of CNPs is beneficial.

title: Preoperative Submucosal Injection of @entity505 Nanoparticles Improves Lymph Node Staging Accuracy in XXXX after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Rectal Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Low bioavailability of @entity25007 (LD), an @entity460 channel blocker pose many challenges in the treatment of @entity101 . The objective of this study was to formulate and characterize LD self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) to improve oral bioavailability of the drug. Formulations were evaluated for globule size, surface morphology, emulsification time, cloud point, drug content, in vitro dissolution, ex vivo permeation, stability and oral bioavailability studies. Captex 810D, @entity15219 , @entity9266 , @entity35018 and @entity968 was selected based on the solubility study results. The optimized SNEDDS readily gets nanoemulsified at 37    C with droplet size of 41  nm when mixed with 200 times of its water. Transmission electron microscope photographs confirmed the spherical shape of the globules. In vitro dissolution of SNEDDS showed more than 80  % of drug release within 15  min. The ex vivo permeation of LD from SNEDDS is 4.8- and 9-fold higher compared to pure drug in the absence and presence of @entity1855 respectively. The stability study of the SNEDDS confirmed no environmental effect on the physical nature and drug content. Oral bioavailability of SNEDDS is 2.5 times higher than marketed tablet. The results suggest that, the SNEDDS formulation can be used as a possible alternative for the traditional oral formulations of LD to improve its oral bioavailability.

title: XXXX self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for the enhancement of oral bioavailability.

entities_list: @entity25007 :: ('MESH:C060285', 'Chemical') :: ['Lacidipine']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity35018 :: ('MESH:C010111', 'Chemical') :: ['Transcutol P']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity25007 :: (MESH:C060285,Chemical) :: ['Lacidipine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Collagen VI (COLVI), a protein ubiquitously expressed in connective tissues, is crucial for structural integrity, cellular adhesion, migration and survival. Six different genes are recognized in @entity1 , encoding six COLVI-chains that assemble as two 'short' (a1, a2) and one 'long' chain (theoretically any one of a3-6). In @entity1 , defects in the most widely expressed heterotrimer (a123), due to mutations in the @entity16583 -3 genes, cause a heterogeneous group of @entity4094 , collectively termed COLVI-related @entity121 . Little is known about the function(s) of the recently described a4-6 chains and no mutations have been detected yet. In this study, we characterized two novel COLVI long chains in @entity3392 that are most homologous to the @entity1 a4 chain; therefore, we named the corresponding genes col6a4a and col6a4b. These orthologues represent ancestors of the @entity1 Col6a4-6 genes. By in situ hybridization and RT-qPCR, we unveiled a distinctive expression kinetics for col6a4b, compared with the other col6a genes. Using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides targeting col6a4a, col6a4b and @entity15029 , we modelled @entity1413 , respectively. All morphant embryos presented altered muscle structure and impaired motility. While apoptosis was not drastically increased, autophagy induction was defective in all morphants. Furthermore, motoneuron axon growth was abnormal in these morphants. Importantly, some phenotypical differences emerged between col6a4a and col6a4b morphants, suggesting only partial functional redundancy. Overall, our results further confirm the importance of COLVI in @entity3392 muscle development and may provide important clues for potential @entity1 phenotypes associated with deficiency of the recently described COLVI-chains.

title: Two novel COLVI long chains in XXXX that are essential for muscle development.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans', 'human', 'mammalians']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular disorders']

entities_list: @entity1413 :: ('MESH:D003095', 'Disease') :: ['partial and complete COLVI deficiency']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle disorders']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim was to describe and analyze the management of hemothorax (HTX) and the occurrence of @entity1576 after endovascular repair of thoracic @entity1755 (TEVAR). METHODS: This was a multicenter study with retrospective analysis. Between November 2000 and December 2012, all @entity1 with confirmed HTX due to rupture of the descending thoracic aorta treated with TEVAR were included. Respiratory function (acid base status, Pao2, Paco2, @entity880 , and respiratory index) was monitored throughout hospitalization. Primary endpoints were survival and post-operative @entity1576 . RESULTS: Fifty-six @entity1 were treated. The mean age was 62      21 years (range 18-92 years). Etiology included @entity397 (n  =  23, 41%), @entity731 (n  =  20, 36%), Debakey type IIIa dissection (n  =  8, 14%), and penetrating aortic @entity1066 (n  =  5, 9%). The primary technical success of TEVAR was 100%. The in hospital mortality rate was 12.5% (n  =  7). Hemothorax was drained in 21 (37.5%) cases. In hospital @entity1576 occurred in 23 (41%) @entity1 who required a longer intensive care unit stay (days 2.3      0.7 vs. 1.9      0.8, p  =  .017), and hospitalization (26      17 vs. 19      17, p  =  .021). Those who developed post-operative @entity1576 had lower pre-operative @entity4095 values (mmHg, 80      24 vs. 91      21, p  =  .012). @entity1576 and in hospital mortality did not differ among aortic pathologies (p  =  .269 and p  =  1.0, respectively), nor did in hospital mortality differ between @entity1 with and without @entity1576 (13% vs. 12%; p  =  .990). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1755 still has a high mortality rate. @entity1576 have not been eliminated by endovascular repair. HTX evacuation may have had a positive influence on the survival in these @entity1 . Although traumatic and degenerative @entity397 are two significantly different scenarios, survival and respiratory outcomes were similar and were not affected by the underlying @entity2333 .

title: Hemothorax Management After Endovascular Treatment For XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['aortic rupture', 'Thoracic aortic rupture']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptures', 'traumatic rupture']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['Respiratory complications', 'respiratory complications']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1755 :: (MESH:D001019,Disease) :: ['Thoracic Aortic Rupture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study is to prospectively identify factors that predict the chance of @entity130 (detected clinically or on postoperative X-ray chest) during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). All @entity1 with renal/upper ureteric stones, undergoing PCNL between January 2013 and June 2014, were evaluated for @entity130 . An erect chest X-ray on inspiration was done within 6 h of PCNL. The @entity1 were divided into Groups A and B depending on whether they developed or did not develop @entity130 . @entity1 -, stone-, renal-, and procedure-related factors were compared between the two groups. 332 @entity1 with mean age 36.76      15.01  years (range 4-80) and M:F of 172:160 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. @entity456 occurred in 10 @entity1 (3  %). Of 141 @entity1 with supracostal punctures (59 had additional infracostal punctures), 4.2  % (n  =  6) had @entity130 . Of 191 @entity1 with only infracostal punctures, 4 developed @entity130 (2  %). @entity1 in group A had significantly lower age (27.00      11.18 vs. 37.06      15.03, p  =  0.03) and lower BMI (18.0      1.90 vs. 21.12      2.24 p  =  0.002). Incidence of @entity130 was significantly higher (p  =  0.001) on right side [4.0  % (7/172) vs. 1.8  %, 3/160)]. Incidence of @entity130 had no association with staghorn calculi, stone surface area (590.51      313.88 for Group A vs. 593.02      387.10 for Group B; p  =  0.11), degree of @entity3041 , and operative time (65.13      19.45 for Group A vs. 72.21      19.56 for Group B; p  =  0.06). On multivariate analysis, only low BMI and mean age  <27  years were associated with higher risk of @entity130 . Higher incidence of @entity130 was noted in @entity1 with low BMI and younger age.

title: Evaluation of factors predicting clinical XXXX during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['pleural injuries', 'pleural injury']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['Pleural complications']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['pleural injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the current era, where @entity712 ( @entity712 ) has become an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified subspecialty, new data are needed to benchmark and value levels of clinical effort performed by @entity712 specialists (AHFMDs). METHODS AND RESULTS: A 36-question survey was sent to 728 AHFMDs members of the @entity712 Society of America, and 224 (31% responded). Overall, 56% worked in academic medical centers (AMCs) and were younger (48    9 years vs. 52    10 years, p < 0.01) and had a higher proportion of @entity1 (34% vs. 21%, p < 0.01) compared to non-AMCs. The percentage of time in clinical care was lower in @entity17261 (64    19% vs. 78    18 %, p = 0.002), with similar concentration on E_M services (79    18 % in @entity17261 vs. 72    18 % in non- @entity17261 , p = NS). The majority of non-clinical time was spent in program administration (10% in both AMCs and non-AMCs) and education/ research (15% in @entity17261 vs. 5% in non-AMCs). Although 69% of respondents were compensated by work relative value units (wRVUs), only a small percentage knew their target or the amount of RVU generated. The mean annual wRVUs generated were lower in @entity17261 compared to non- @entity17261 (5452   1961 vs. 9071    3484), p < 0.001). The annual compensation in @entity17261 was lower than non- @entity17261 (45% vs. 10% below  250,000 and 17% vs. 61% over  350,000, p < 0.001) and the satisfaction with compensation was higher in non-AMCs. CONCLUSIONS: AHFMDs compensation is largely dependent by practice type ( @entity17261 vs. non- @entity17261 ) and clinical productivity, as measured by wRVUs. These data provide an opportunity for benchmarking work effort and compensation for AHFMDs, allowing distinction from segments of cardiologists with greater opportunity to accrue procedural wRVUs. They also show several differences between @entity17261 and non- @entity17261 that should be considered when formulating work assignment and compensation for AHFMDs.

title: Activities and Compensation of Advanced XXXX Specialists: Results of the @entity712 Society of America (HFSA) Survey.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['AHF', 'advanced heart failure', 'Heart Failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the current era, where @entity712 ( @entity712 ) has become an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified subspecialty, new data are needed to benchmark and value levels of clinical effort performed by @entity712 specialists (AHFMDs). METHODS AND RESULTS: A 36-question survey was sent to 728 AHFMDs members of the @entity712 Society of America, and 224 (31% responded). Overall, 56% worked in academic medical centers (AMCs) and were younger (48    9 years vs. 52    10 years, p < 0.01) and had a higher proportion of @entity1 (34% vs. 21%, p < 0.01) compared to non-AMCs. The percentage of time in clinical care was lower in @entity17261 (64    19% vs. 78    18 %, p = 0.002), with similar concentration on E_M services (79    18 % in @entity17261 vs. 72    18 % in non- @entity17261 , p = NS). The majority of non-clinical time was spent in program administration (10% in both AMCs and non-AMCs) and education/ research (15% in @entity17261 vs. 5% in non-AMCs). Although 69% of respondents were compensated by work relative value units (wRVUs), only a small percentage knew their target or the amount of RVU generated. The mean annual wRVUs generated were lower in @entity17261 compared to non- @entity17261 (5452   1961 vs. 9071    3484), p < 0.001). The annual compensation in @entity17261 was lower than non- @entity17261 (45% vs. 10% below  250,000 and 17% vs. 61% over  350,000, p < 0.001) and the satisfaction with compensation was higher in non-AMCs. CONCLUSIONS: AHFMDs compensation is largely dependent by practice type ( @entity17261 vs. non- @entity17261 ) and clinical productivity, as measured by wRVUs. These data provide an opportunity for benchmarking work effort and compensation for AHFMDs, allowing distinction from segments of cardiologists with greater opportunity to accrue procedural wRVUs. They also show several differences between @entity17261 and non- @entity17261 that should be considered when formulating work assignment and compensation for AHFMDs.

title: Activities and Compensation of Advanced @entity712 Specialists: Results of the XXXX Society of America (HFSA) Survey.

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1317 from war require an emergency treatment whose objective is to quickly obtain hemostasis and the restoration of arterial flow. In this context of heavy @entity130 and limited means, damage control surgery is recommended and is based on the use of temporary vascular shunts. We report the management of the simultaneous arrival of two @entity1317 of war in a field hospital. @entity1 1 presented a ballistic @entity130 of the elbow with a section of the humeral artery (Gustillo IIIC). A temporary vascular shunt was set up during the external fixation of the elbow. Final revascularization was carried out and aponevrotomies of the forearm were performed. @entity1 n  2 had a riddled knee with an open @entity174 of the femur, an @entity155 of the popliteal artery and a @entity548 . A strategy of damage control surgery was carried out with placing an arterial and venous shunt. Aponevrotomies of the leg were carried out before casting. For the traumatisms of the arteries of the members, the use of shunts is reserved for the lesions of the proximal vessels. The many vascular shunts available have the same performances to restore the arterial flow and prevent secondary @entity715 . The time before the final revascularization depends on the clinical condition of the @entity1 . The value of anticoagulation in these cases was not shown.

title: Concomitant vascular war XXXX saturating a French Forward surgical team deployed to support the victims of the Syrian war (2013). Interest of the vascular damage control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injuries', 'Vascular injuries']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: AIM: Local excision (LE) is emerging as a treatment option for @entity5 responding well to chemoradiation. However, it does not address the mesorectal nodal burden. We aimed to identify the factors influencing nodal positivity and subsequently defined a low-risk group by including only @entity1 at low risk. METHOD: A single-centre, retrospective database analysis was carried out of @entity1 with radically resected @entity5 after neoadjuvant chemoradiation. RESULTS: This study included 524 @entity1 with @entity5 . Nodal positivity among ypT0, T1 and T2 groups was 14.7%, 28% and 30%, respectively. Multivariate analysis with stepwise logistic regression identified the following low-risk features: age >=   40  years, nonsignet @entity1358 (SRCC) histology and pathological complete response (pCR). Sixty-nine @entity1 fulfilling all three criteria were analysed and the nodal positivity was found to be 10.1%, which implies that, if these @entity1 had been selected for LE, one in 10 would have had positive mesorectal nodes. CONCLUSION: Even in @entity1 with low-risk criteria (pCR, non-SRCC histology and age >=   40  years), the residual positive @entity66 burden is 10%. Whether this high incidence of residual @entity66 translates into a similar risk of locoregional recurrence if an organ-preservation strategy is adopted is unclear.

title: High nodal positivity rates even in good clinical responders after XXXX : is organ preservation feasible?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['predominantly low rectal tumours', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['ring cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['chemoradiation of rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In order to achieve an oncological margin during limb salvage surgery for @entity5 of the distal femur, part or the entire knee joint is frequently sacrificed. Endoprosthetics make limb salvage possible through restoration of a functional extremity. Currently there remains a paucity of data concerning their long-term outcomes and associated risk factors for failure. METHODS: We identified 152 @entity1 who underwent an endoprosthetic reconstruction for an oncological process of the distal femur between 1972 and 2013. The mean follow-up was 10years. Mean age and body mass index (BMI) were 39years and 25.8 respectively. The most common pathology was @entity421 (n=78, 48%). Outcomes were compared to a control group of 20,643 @entity1 undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for @entity179 ( @entity179 ) during the same time period. RESULTS: The mean five-, 10-, 15-, 20-, and 25-year revision-free survival for an endoprosthesis was 76%, 63%, 51%, 36%, and 28%. Compared to the five-, 10-, 15-, 20-, and 25-year survival of 95%, 90%, 82%, 74%, and 67% for control TKAs (p<0.0001 at all-time points). Overall limb survival was 93%, with 11 @entity1 undergoing amputation. There was no difference in implant survival comparing modular and custom endoprostheses. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that given the complexity of these operations, the rate of revision surgery following endoprosthetic replacement is high. Nevertheless, the use of these modular reconstructions leads to a high rate of limb salvage (93%) over a 25-year period at our institution. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.

title: Long term outcomes of cemented endoprosthetic reconstruction for periarticular XXXX of the distal femur.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative joint disease', 'DJD']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: Retinal extracts of @entity27914 were found to contain two @entity5995 (1) photopigments, one with maximum absorption at about 521 mmicro, the second with a maximum in the region of 478 mmicro. These pigments were assayed by the method of partial bleaching and their spectral characteristics studied by examining their difference spectra. The 478 mmicro pigment was present in the extracts as 8 per cent of the total photopigment concentration. The two pigment systems were shown to be biochemically independent and to have different properties. Unlike the 521 mmicro pigment, for example, the 478 mmicro pigment was found to resist the action of @entity14786 and, within the cells, to be unaffected by @entity969 solutions. These solutions destroyed or altered the 521 system so that extracts of @entity969 -treated retinae were found to contain significantly less 521 photopigment. In @entity11040 solution the 521 pigment was unaffected by @entity969 treatment. Both pigments were extracted from separated, washed outer segments and so are considered to be @entity227 . This dual system accounts for the spectral sensitivity of this gecko as determined by Denton. A search was made, but no evidence was secured for the presence of a photopigment absorbing at longer wavelengths. Electoretinographic data suggest, however, that an elevated sensitivity at longer wavelengths occurs in some geckos so that a continued search is justified for a third photopigment.

title: THE PHOTOSENSITIVE RETINAL PIGMENT SYSTEM OF XXXX .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual pigments']

entities_list: @entity11040 :: ('MESH:D004072', 'Chemical') :: ['digitonin']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity5995 :: ('MESH:D012172', 'Chemical') :: ['retinene']

answer: @entity27914 :: (36310,Species) :: ['GEKKO GEKKO']


abstract: The kidneys of winter flounders transferred to @entity2421 medium were investigated for glomerular and tubular handling of fluid and electrolytes and for the urinary excretion of proteins. Media were sea water (925 mosm X kg-1) and brackish water (70 mosm X kg-1). In sea water, the urine was hypertonic to the plasma in 7 fish of this study. Urine flow rate was correlated with the GFR. After adaptation to brackish water a delay of 1 to 3 days was observed until the kidneys switched from fluid retention to the excretion of large amounts of dilute urine. GFR and urine flow rate were increased from 0.61 +/- 0.08 to 1.58 +/- 0.29 ml X h-1 X kg-1 and from 0.14 +/- 0.02 to 0.68 +/- 0.08 ml X h-1 X kg-1, respectively (mean +/- SEM). With increased filtered load the tubular reabsorption of fluid decreased from 74 +/- 2.4% to 45 +/- 11.2%. The excretion rates of @entity1372 and @entity972 were increased due to decreased fractional @entity1372 and @entity972 reabsorption. The urinary excretion of divalent cations, however, was reduced because the net tubular reabsorption of @entity460 was increased and the net secretion of @entity1760 was diminished. Both the urinary total protein concentration and the protein pattern showed no significant change, but the rate of protein excretion was increased from 0.21 +/- 0.04 to 0.60 +/- 0.05 mg X h-1 X kg-1. The comparison of protein patterns obtained from urine and serum samples revealed that high molecular weight (HMW) proteins prevail in the serum whereas low molecular weight (LMW) proteins dominate in the urine. The diminished quantity of the HMW-protein fraction in the urine thus may reflect size selectivity of the glomerular filtration barrier for serum proteins also in the winter flounder.

title: Adaptation of renal function to XXXX medium in the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus).

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonic']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity2421 :: (MESH:D009123,Disease) :: ['hypotonic']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT The aim of this study was to examine the results of microbiological cultures from local bone autografts used in posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and to identify their association with postoperative spinal @entity281 . METHODS The authors retrospectively evaluated cases involving 328 @entity1 who had no previous spinal surgeries and underwent PLIF for @entity179 with a minimum 1-year follow-up. Local bone was obtained during laminectomy, and microbiological culture was performed immediately prior to bone grafting. The associations between culture results from local bone autografts and postoperative spinal infections were evaluated. RESULTS The contamination rate of local bone was 4.3% (14 of 328 cases). Coagulase-negative @entity794 (29%) was the most common contaminant isolated, followed by Streptococcus species and @entity3256 -sensitive @entity794 . Of 14 @entity1 with positive culture results, 5 (35.7%) had postoperative spinal infections and were treated with intravenous antibiotics for a minimum of 4 weeks. One of these 5 @entity1 also underwent reoperation for debridement during this 4-week period. Regardless of the microbiological culture results, the @entity281 rate after PLIF with local bone autograft was 2.4% (8 of 328 cases), with 5 (62.5%) of 8 @entity1 showing positive results on autograft culture. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of contamination of local bone autograft during PLIF was considerable, and positive culture results were significantly associated with postoperative spinal @entity281 . Special attention focused on the preparation of local bone for autograft and its microbiological culture will be helpful for the control of postoperative spinal @entity281 .

title: Incidence of microbiological contamination of local bone autograft used in posterior lumbar interbody fusion and its association with postoperative spinal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'Staphylococcus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative diseases']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Adverse reactions to food in childhood are very frequent. Often they involve the skin, airways and gastrointestinal tract, and in severe cases circulation can also be affected, with a drop in blood pressure. These reactions can be either @entity9416 -dependent or not. In IgE-dependent reactions, IgE antibodies to the food are detected in blood tests or skin prick tests. The pathomechanism behind non-IgE involvement reactions is, however, still not known. A defined type of non-IgE reaction to food is food protein-induced @entity1964 (FPIES). This entity was first evaluated in 1967 when Gryboski identified several @entity1 with chronic @entity344 to milk which manifested as @entity294 , @entity391 and colic. The symptoms disappeared when proteins causing the symptoms were eliminated from the diet, and recurred when they were reintroduced (1). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Recovery from food protein-induced XXXX caused by fish.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal allergy']

entities_list: @entity9416 :: ('3497', 'Gene') :: ['immunoglobulin E (IgE)']

entities_list: @entity1964 :: ('MESH:D004760', 'Disease') :: ['enterocolitis syndrome']

answer: @entity1964 :: (MESH:D004760,Disease) :: ['enterocolitis syndrome']


abstract: In a prospective, randomised study, 50 non-pregnant @entity1 were treated intracervically with 3 ml 5% tylose, 50 micrograms @entity6002 , 100 micrograms @entity6002 gel, 3 ml 2.5 mM or 9.0 mM @entity12374 gel in order to soften the cervix 12-14 hours before diagnostic curettage. The gel was not used in a further 20 @entity1 . To objectively demonstrate the priming effect, the force required for dilatation of the cervical canal was measured in Newtons, using a mechanical tonometer both before gel application and before the operation. In comparison with the administration of @entity72198 only, the intracervical application of either @entity6002 gel or @entity12374 gel led to a significant improvement in cervical dilatability. Tylose alone had a slight but measurable effect on the cervix. An increase in @entity6002 from 50 micrograms to 100 micrograms or @entity460 molarity from 2.5 mM to 9.0 mM brought no further improvement in the dilatory effect. Dilatation-induced @entity75 could be avoided by preoperative cervical ripening. After application of @entity6002 , 3 out of 20 @entity1 experienced doses-dependent uterine cramps, while all @entity1 treated with @entity12374 gel were free of side effects. The intracervical administration of @entity6002 and @entity12374 gel allowed gentle dilatation of the non-pregnant cervix, thus lowering the risk of uterine lesions. Under clinical aspects, cervical priming facilitates diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, which, in exceptional cases, can be performed without anaesthesia.

title: [Facilitating cervix dilatation of the non-pregnant uterus by intracervical administration of gels containing prostaglandin and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cervical lesions']

entities_list: @entity6002 :: ('MESH:C016767', 'Chemical') :: ['sulprostone']

entities_list: @entity12374 :: ('MESH:D002122', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium chloride']

answer: @entity12374 :: (MESH:D002122,Chemical) :: ['calcium chloride']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: An @entity155 is one of the few true emergencies in dentistry. @entity1 who suffer this injury require urgent dental care and prompt follow-up care. There is very limited evidence available regarding the provision of treatment for @entity130 in primary dental care. OBJECTIVES: To explore the experience of UK dentists in relation to the management of @entity13913 . METHOD: A self-completion questionnaire was designed and piloted. Questionnaires were sent to a random selection of one thousand GDPs with a stamped addressed return envelope. A second mailshot was sent to non-responders after eight weeks. Simple descriptive analysis was undertaken using Microsoft Excel. The results were compared with those from an earlier, similar study in Wales. RESULTS: A total response rate of 61% was achieved. Just over 40% of responding dentists recalled replanting an @entity155 in a @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Many dentists have limited or no experience of treating @entity1 with @entity13913 . Thirty-four percent of dentists have @entity1 with @entity130 under their care. @entity1 with these @entity130 may benefit from shared care involving an interdisciplinary specialist team, in line with recommendations from the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry National Clinical Guidelines for Management of Avulsed Permanent Teeth in @entity1 .

title: Primary care dentists' experience of treating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injuries', 'avulsion injuries']

entities_list: @entity13913 :: ('MESH:C563203', 'Disease') :: ['avulsed permanent teeth']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsed permanent tooth']

answer: @entity13913 :: (MESH:C563203,Disease) :: ['avulsed permanent teeth']


abstract: The course of adjuvant-induced @entity625 was followed, over an 11-week postinoculation period, in @entity35 , using both clinical and behavioural methods of study. Clinical observations included body weight, diameters of radiocarpal and tibiotarsal joints and radiological analysis of forepaws, hindpaws and vertebrae. Behavioural observations included those of spontaneous behaviour-mobility, exploring, rearing, penis licking and scratching-and of @entity158 -related tests-the foot-bend procedure and Randall-Selitto test. In general, the time course of the disease could be divided into 4 stages, viz. a preclinical, an acute, a postacute and a recovery stage. The preclinical stage (first week) was characterized by discrete radiological lesions of the forepaws and a slight increase in the threshold for struggle triggered by foot pressure, but, above all, by no change in the other parameters. The acute stage (weeks 2-4) was clearly defined by a pause in body @entity1017 and by dramatic behavioural changes: a lack of mobility and exploring behaviour, a profound increase in scratching behaviour and signs of @entity1931 . During this period, hindpaw and forepaw joint diameters increased dramatically. The behavioural modifications peaked at the same time (week 4) as there was an acceleration in the @entity854 (soft tissue swelling, @entity3760 and @entity79 ) which had begun during week 3. During the postacute stage (weeks 5-8), body weight and behavioural reactions began to return towards control values, but joint diameters and radiological scores either continued to increase or remained constant. During the recovery stage (weeks 9-11), behavioural scores and body weight returned to control values while the mean joint diameters remained constant and there was a slight decrease in the radiological scores. In spite of the complexity of the model used in these studies, it appeared quite clear that the acute phase of the disease was characterized by the onset of clinical symptoms and dramatic changes in behaviour, all of which could be related to the occurrence of @entity158 ; signs of @entity158 were still present, albeit weaker, in the postacute phase. Such observations, taken together, help to @entity1753 as an experimental model of @entity1118 in @entity35 .

title: Parallel clinical and behavioural studies of adjuvant-induced @entity625 in the @entity35 : possible relationship with ' XXXX '.

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['validate adjuvant arthritis']

entities_list: @entity3760 :: ('MESH:D017001', 'Disease') :: ['demineralization']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['erosion of bone extremities and joint space narrowing']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['radiological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: The course of adjuvant-induced @entity625 was followed, over an 11-week postinoculation period, in @entity35 , using both clinical and behavioural methods of study. Clinical observations included body weight, diameters of radiocarpal and tibiotarsal joints and radiological analysis of forepaws, hindpaws and vertebrae. Behavioural observations included those of spontaneous behaviour-mobility, exploring, rearing, penis licking and scratching-and of @entity158 -related tests-the foot-bend procedure and Randall-Selitto test. In general, the time course of the disease could be divided into 4 stages, viz. a preclinical, an acute, a postacute and a recovery stage. The preclinical stage (first week) was characterized by discrete radiological lesions of the forepaws and a slight increase in the threshold for struggle triggered by foot pressure, but, above all, by no change in the other parameters. The acute stage (weeks 2-4) was clearly defined by a pause in body @entity1017 and by dramatic behavioural changes: a lack of mobility and exploring behaviour, a profound increase in scratching behaviour and signs of @entity1931 . During this period, hindpaw and forepaw joint diameters increased dramatically. The behavioural modifications peaked at the same time (week 4) as there was an acceleration in the @entity854 (soft tissue swelling, @entity3760 and @entity79 ) which had begun during week 3. During the postacute stage (weeks 5-8), body weight and behavioural reactions began to return towards control values, but joint diameters and radiological scores either continued to increase or remained constant. During the recovery stage (weeks 9-11), behavioural scores and body weight returned to control values while the mean joint diameters remained constant and there was a slight decrease in the radiological scores. In spite of the complexity of the model used in these studies, it appeared quite clear that the acute phase of the disease was characterized by the onset of clinical symptoms and dramatic changes in behaviour, all of which could be related to the occurrence of @entity158 ; signs of @entity158 were still present, albeit weaker, in the postacute phase. Such observations, taken together, help to @entity1753 as an experimental model of @entity1118 in @entity35 .

title: Parallel clinical and behavioural studies of adjuvant-induced XXXX in the @entity35 : possible relationship with ' @entity1118 '.

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: The course of adjuvant-induced @entity625 was followed, over an 11-week postinoculation period, in @entity35 , using both clinical and behavioural methods of study. Clinical observations included body weight, diameters of radiocarpal and tibiotarsal joints and radiological analysis of forepaws, hindpaws and vertebrae. Behavioural observations included those of spontaneous behaviour-mobility, exploring, rearing, penis licking and scratching-and of @entity158 -related tests-the foot-bend procedure and Randall-Selitto test. In general, the time course of the disease could be divided into 4 stages, viz. a preclinical, an acute, a postacute and a recovery stage. The preclinical stage (first week) was characterized by discrete radiological lesions of the forepaws and a slight increase in the threshold for struggle triggered by foot pressure, but, above all, by no change in the other parameters. The acute stage (weeks 2-4) was clearly defined by a pause in body @entity1017 and by dramatic behavioural changes: a lack of mobility and exploring behaviour, a profound increase in scratching behaviour and signs of @entity1931 . During this period, hindpaw and forepaw joint diameters increased dramatically. The behavioural modifications peaked at the same time (week 4) as there was an acceleration in the @entity854 (soft tissue swelling, @entity3760 and @entity79 ) which had begun during week 3. During the postacute stage (weeks 5-8), body weight and behavioural reactions began to return towards control values, but joint diameters and radiological scores either continued to increase or remained constant. During the recovery stage (weeks 9-11), behavioural scores and body weight returned to control values while the mean joint diameters remained constant and there was a slight decrease in the radiological scores. In spite of the complexity of the model used in these studies, it appeared quite clear that the acute phase of the disease was characterized by the onset of clinical symptoms and dramatic changes in behaviour, all of which could be related to the occurrence of @entity158 ; signs of @entity158 were still present, albeit weaker, in the postacute phase. Such observations, taken together, help to @entity1753 as an experimental model of @entity1118 in @entity35 .

title: Parallel clinical and behavioural studies of adjuvant-induced @entity625 in the XXXX : possible relationship with ' @entity1118 '.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare survival between radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgical resection (SR) in @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) within Milan criteria. METHODS: From January 2004 to December 2013 we consecutively and retrospectively included all @entity1 with first occurrence of @entity157 within Milan criteria receiving SR or RFA as first-line treatment. The cumulative overall survival (OS) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) were compared after inverse probability weighting (including confounding factor). RESULTS: A total of 281 @entity1 (RFA 178, @entity72199 ) were enrolled. In multivariate Cox regression RFA and SR were not independent predictors of survival or recurrence. The respective weighted 5 years OS and @entity66 for @entity1 with propensity scores between 0.1-0.9 in the SR and RFA groups were 54-33% and 60-16.9%, P   =   0.695 and P   =   0.426, respectively. Local @entity5 progression rate did not differ according to treatment (P   =   0.523). Major complication rate was higher in the SR group, P   =   0.001. Hospitalisation duration was lower in the RFA group (mean 2.19 days, range 2-7) than in the SR group (mean 10.2 days, range 3-30), P   <   0.001. CONCLUSION: This large Western study has shown that OS and @entity66 did not differ after RFA (using mainly multipolar devices) and SR, for @entity157 within the Milan criteria in a European population, with a shorter hospitalisation time and a lower complication rate for RFA.

title: Radiofrequency ablation versus surgical resection for XXXX within the Milan criteria: A study of 281 Western @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DFS', 'disease-free survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare survival between radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgical resection (SR) in @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) within Milan criteria. METHODS: From January 2004 to December 2013 we consecutively and retrospectively included all @entity1 with first occurrence of @entity157 within Milan criteria receiving SR or RFA as first-line treatment. The cumulative overall survival (OS) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) were compared after inverse probability weighting (including confounding factor). RESULTS: A total of 281 @entity1 (RFA 178, @entity72199 ) were enrolled. In multivariate Cox regression RFA and SR were not independent predictors of survival or recurrence. The respective weighted 5 years OS and @entity66 for @entity1 with propensity scores between 0.1-0.9 in the SR and RFA groups were 54-33% and 60-16.9%, P   =   0.695 and P   =   0.426, respectively. Local @entity5 progression rate did not differ according to treatment (P   =   0.523). Major complication rate was higher in the SR group, P   =   0.001. Hospitalisation duration was lower in the RFA group (mean 2.19 days, range 2-7) than in the SR group (mean 10.2 days, range 3-30), P   <   0.001. CONCLUSION: This large Western study has shown that OS and @entity66 did not differ after RFA (using mainly multipolar devices) and SR, for @entity157 within the Milan criteria in a European population, with a shorter hospitalisation time and a lower complication rate for RFA.

title: Radiofrequency ablation versus surgical resection for @entity157 within the Milan criteria: A study of 281 Western XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: There is limited data for predicting the risk of exacerbations following the cessation of inhaled @entity230 ( @entity16179 ) in well controlled childhood @entity565 . In current study, clinical, functional and inflammatory parameters at the time of @entity16179 withdrawal were investigated in that respect. METHODS: Forty @entity1 asymptomatic for at least 3 months on low dose @entity16179 's were enrolled and @entity16179 were discontinued in summer. At enrolment symptom/medication diary, pulmonary function parameters, @entity2710 provocation testing, peripheral @entity1503 , serum total and allergen-specific IgE levels and skin prick testing were performed. In a subgroup of @entity1 , phytohemaglutinin induced secretion of @entity225 , @entity4047 , @entity379 and @entity688 from blood mononuclear cells were measured. @entity1 were assessed with symptom/medication diary and pulmonary function test every 2 months for 6 months. RESULTS: Eighteen of 37 @entity1 experienced recurrence of @entity697 . In @entity1 with acute attack(Group I), changes in @entity2490 symptom scores at 2nd month vs baseline were statistically higher. In addition, group I had significantly higher @entity2490 symptom scores compared to group II at 4th month visit. @entity1 with acute exacerbation revealed a significant decrease in FEV1% at 2nd month compared to baseline. Moreover, group I showed significantly lower FEF 25-75% compared to group II at 2nd month. Baseline bronchial hyper-responsiveness with @entity2710 was found to be an independent risk factor for @entity565 exacerbation. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study identified baseline @entity6587 , higher @entity2490 symptom scores and gradual decrease in pulmonary function parameters during follow up as risk factors for subsequent exacerbation of @entity565 .

title: Predictive risk factors for relapse after cessation of inhaled corticosteroids in well-controlled childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute asthma symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity6587 :: ('MESH:D016535', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial hyperreactivity']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Functional or psychogenic @entity717 are common and disabling, and sometime difficult to diagnose. The history and physical exam can give positive features that will support the diagnosis, which should not be based solely on exclusion. Some clues in the history are sudden onset, intermittent time course, variability of manifestation over time, childhood @entity130 , history of other somatic symptom and secondary gain. @entity148 and @entity308 are common, but not necessarily more than the general population. On examination, distraction and suggestibility may be present. There are specific signs that should be looked for with different types of movements. For example, with @entity400 , change in frequency over time and entrainment are common features. With @entity2045 , the movements might be complex in type with long latencies to stimulus induced jerks. @entity426 show good balance despite claims to the contrary. Functional @entity3519 still remains a challenging diagnosis in many circumstances, although fixed @entity3519 is one sign more likely to be functional.

title: Functional (psychogenic) XXXX - Clinical presentations.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity426 :: ('MESH:D020233', 'Disease') :: ['Gait disorders']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['movement disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The interleukin (IL)-17 cytokine family participates in the regulation of many cellular functions. In the present study, we analyzed the genomic structure, expression, and promoter activity of four IL-17 members from the teleost fish @entity32453 ( @entity32453 ), i.e. @entity72200 @entity72201 , CsIL-17F, and IL-17F like (IL-17Fl). We found that @entity72200 , @entity72201 , CsIL-17F, and CsIL-17Fl share 21.2%-28.6% overall sequence identities among themselves and 31.5%-71.2% overall sequence identities with their counterparts in other teleost. All four CsIL-17 members possess an IL-17 domain and four conserved @entity462 residues. Phylogenetic analysis classified the four CsIL-17 members into three clusters. Under normal physiological conditions, the four CsIL-17 expressed in multiple tissues, especially non-immune tissues. @entity2348 upregulated the expression of all four CsIL-17, while viral infection upregulated the expression of @entity72201 and CsIL-17Fl but downregulated the expression of @entity72200 and CsIL-17F. The 1.2  kb 5'-flanking regions of the four CsIL-17 exhibited apparent promoter activity and contain a number of putative transcription factor-binding sites. Furthermore, the promoter activities of @entity72200 , @entity72201 , and CsIL-17F, but not CsIL-17Fl, were modulated to significant extents by lipopolysaccharide, PolyI:C, and @entity4515 . This study provides the first evidence that in teleost, different IL-17 members differ in expression pattern and promoter activity.

title: Comparative study of four interleukin 17 cytokines of XXXX @entity32453 : Genomic structure, expression pattern, and promoter activity.

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity32453 :: ('244447', 'Species') :: ['Cynoglossus semilaevis', 'tongue sole']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['Bacterial infection']

answer: @entity32453 :: (244447,Species) :: ['tongue sole']