abstract: Twenty normal piglets were radiographed and necropsied. Bronchography was performed in seven of the animals. In dorso-ventral radiographs the borders of the heart are clearly outlined by the adjacent lung lobes. In lateral films the lung fields may be divided into a cranial portion extending from the thoracic inlet to the third pair of ribs and a triangular shaped caudal portion with its base the caudal border of the heart and its apex the phrenico-vertebral angle. Nine field cases of @entity55 and nine experimentally induced cases were examined radiologically. They were then necropsied and the radiological and pathological findings related to each other. @entity358 was identified radiologically as areas of unaerated lung which caused loss of the borders of the heart and diaphragm (silhouette sign) and enhancement of the image of the segmental and smaller bronchi (air bronchogram sign). The silhouette sign correctly predicted @entity358 of lobes in 77 per cent of field cases and in 54 per cent of lobes of experimental cases. The air bronchogram sign correctly predicted consolidation in 73 per cent of lobes of field cases and 76 per cent of lobes of experimental cases. A radiological examination has limitations for determining whether @entity1707 are free of @entity55 because foci of consolidation less than 2 cm3 may not be detected.

title: A radiological investigation of XXXX in the @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary consolidation', 'pulmonary consolidation']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['enzootic pneumonia']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['enzootic pneumonia']


abstract: Twenty normal piglets were radiographed and necropsied. Bronchography was performed in seven of the animals. In dorso-ventral radiographs the borders of the heart are clearly outlined by the adjacent lung lobes. In lateral films the lung fields may be divided into a cranial portion extending from the thoracic inlet to the third pair of ribs and a triangular shaped caudal portion with its base the caudal border of the heart and its apex the phrenico-vertebral angle. Nine field cases of @entity55 and nine experimentally induced cases were examined radiologically. They were then necropsied and the radiological and pathological findings related to each other. @entity358 was identified radiologically as areas of unaerated lung which caused loss of the borders of the heart and diaphragm (silhouette sign) and enhancement of the image of the segmental and smaller bronchi (air bronchogram sign). The silhouette sign correctly predicted @entity358 of lobes in 77 per cent of field cases and in 54 per cent of lobes of experimental cases. The air bronchogram sign correctly predicted consolidation in 73 per cent of lobes of field cases and 76 per cent of lobes of experimental cases. A radiological examination has limitations for determining whether @entity1707 are free of @entity55 because foci of consolidation less than 2 cm3 may not be detected.

title: A radiological investigation of @entity55 in the XXXX .

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: A retinal prosthesis is being developed for the restoration of vision in @entity1 with @entity6391 ( @entity6391 ) and @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). Determining optimal electrical stimulation parameters for the prosthesis is one of the most important elements for the development of a viable retinal prosthesis. Here, we investigated the effects of different charge-balanced biphasic pulses with regard to their effectiveness in evoking @entity2479 cell (RGC) responses. @entity2000 ( @entity27763 ) @entity19 were used (n=17). From the ex-vivo retinal preparation, retinal patches were placed ganglion cell layer down onto an 8*8 multielectrode array (MEA) and RGC responses were recorded while applying electrical stimuli. For asymmetric pulses, 1st phase of the pulse is the same with symmetric pulse but the amplitude of 2nd phase of the pulse is less than 10   A and charge @entity558 is satisfied by lengthening the duration of the pulse. For intensities (or duration) modulation, duration (or amplitude) of the pulse was fixed to 500   s (30   A), changing the intensities (or duration) from 2 to 60   A (60 to 1000   s). RGCs were classified as response-positive when PSTH showed multiple (3~4) peaks within 400 ms post stimulus and the number of spikes was at least 30% more than that for the immediate pre-stimulus 400 ms period. RGC responses were well modulated both with anodic and cathodic phase-1st biphasic pulses. Cathodic phase-1st pulses produced significantly better modulation of RGC activity than anodic phase-1st pulses regardless of symmetry of the pulse.

title: Effect of Stimulus Waveform of Biphasic Current Pulse on Retinal Ganglion Cell Responses in Retinal Degeneration ( XXXX ) @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2000 :: ('MESH:D012162', 'Disease') :: ['Retinal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['balanced condition']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ganglion']

entities_list: @entity6391 :: ('MESH:D012174', 'Disease') :: ['retinitis pigmentosa', 'RP']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['age-related macular degeneration', 'AMD']

answer: @entity27763 :: (18587(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['rd1']


abstract: A retinal prosthesis is being developed for the restoration of vision in @entity1 with @entity6391 ( @entity6391 ) and @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). Determining optimal electrical stimulation parameters for the prosthesis is one of the most important elements for the development of a viable retinal prosthesis. Here, we investigated the effects of different charge-balanced biphasic pulses with regard to their effectiveness in evoking @entity2479 cell (RGC) responses. @entity2000 ( @entity27763 ) @entity19 were used (n=17). From the ex-vivo retinal preparation, retinal patches were placed ganglion cell layer down onto an 8*8 multielectrode array (MEA) and RGC responses were recorded while applying electrical stimuli. For asymmetric pulses, 1st phase of the pulse is the same with symmetric pulse but the amplitude of 2nd phase of the pulse is less than 10   A and charge @entity558 is satisfied by lengthening the duration of the pulse. For intensities (or duration) modulation, duration (or amplitude) of the pulse was fixed to 500   s (30   A), changing the intensities (or duration) from 2 to 60   A (60 to 1000   s). RGCs were classified as response-positive when PSTH showed multiple (3~4) peaks within 400 ms post stimulus and the number of spikes was at least 30% more than that for the immediate pre-stimulus 400 ms period. RGC responses were well modulated both with anodic and cathodic phase-1st biphasic pulses. Cathodic phase-1st pulses produced significantly better modulation of RGC activity than anodic phase-1st pulses regardless of symmetry of the pulse.

title: Effect of Stimulus Waveform of Biphasic Current Pulse on Retinal Ganglion Cell Responses in Retinal Degeneration ( @entity27763 ) XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor I ( @entity442 ) measurements are used in veterinary medicine for diagnosing growth hormone disorders. @entity442 assays are subject to interference by IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP) which may not be efficiently removed by standard extraction methods. Adding excess @entity5100 during analysis may improve accuracy. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to validate a commercial @entity1 @entity442 ELISA which uses excess @entity5100 for feline samples and to evaluate biologic variation. METHODS: Precision was determined by calculating the coefficient of variation (CV). Accuracy was determined by recovery after removal of IGFBP, addition of @entity442 , and linear dilution after the addition of IGFBP. Biologic variation was determined by repeated sampling in 7 @entity468 . RESULTS: There was interference by IGFBP in the high measuring range, resulting in falsely low @entity442 concentrations. This was overcome by the addition of high concentrations of @entity5100 . Untreated serum had a measured/expected ratio of 98-115% compared to serum where IGFBP had been removed. Recovery after the addition of @entity442 was 83-112%. Inter- and intra-assay CVs ranged from 2.4% to 5.0% which is within the minimum acceptance criteria based on biologic variation. The reference interval of @entity442 was wide (90-1207  ng/mL) and there was a significant association between body weight and ln  @entity442 (P  <  .000001). CONCLUSIONS: This @entity1 ELISA is suitable for feline samples, but interfering IGFBP can cause falsely low concentrations. It is recommended to dilute samples such that @entity442 is <  28  ng/mL on the standard curve to grant for sufficient @entity5100 for binding of interferent IGFBP.

title: Insulin-like growth factor I in XXXX : validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and determination of biologic variation.

answer: @entity468 :: (9685,Species) :: ['cats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Central @entity28 has been recognized as a main risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events. Three popular central @entity28 indices are waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio; abdominal volume index and conicity index are 2 recent novel @entity28 indices. The main aim of this study is to determine the performance of these indices to best predict 10-year CV events. HYPOTHESIS: Some @entity28 indices can be used to predict cardiovascular risk. METHODS: In total, 3199 subjects (age range, 40-79 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and Framingham risk score tools were used to estimate the 10-year CV events. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal discriminator(s) among the central @entity28 measures in the estimation of a 10-year risk of CV events >= 7.5%, >= 10%, and >= 20% separately. RESULTS: Among the 5 central @entity28 indices, conicity index showed the most discriminatory power in estimation of a 10-year CV risk. In @entity1 , based on the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association tool, the areas under the curve (AUCs) were from 0.671 to 0.682 based on the 3 above thresholds, whereas with the Framingham tool, AUCs were from 0.651 to 0.659. In @entity1 , all AUCs were >0.7. Our results also showed WHR to be an almost comparable discriminator of CV disease risk in the Iranian study population. CONCLUSION: Conicity index and WHR had a more discriminatory accuracy for 10-year CV events compared with the other @entity28 indices.

title: Conicity Index and Waist-to-Hip Ratio Are Superior Obesity Indices in Predicting 10-Year Cardiovascular Risk Among XXXX and @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Central @entity28 has been recognized as a main risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events. Three popular central @entity28 indices are waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio; abdominal volume index and conicity index are 2 recent novel @entity28 indices. The main aim of this study is to determine the performance of these indices to best predict 10-year CV events. HYPOTHESIS: Some @entity28 indices can be used to predict cardiovascular risk. METHODS: In total, 3199 subjects (age range, 40-79 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and Framingham risk score tools were used to estimate the 10-year CV events. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal discriminator(s) among the central @entity28 measures in the estimation of a 10-year risk of CV events >= 7.5%, >= 10%, and >= 20% separately. RESULTS: Among the 5 central @entity28 indices, conicity index showed the most discriminatory power in estimation of a 10-year CV risk. In @entity1 , based on the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association tool, the areas under the curve (AUCs) were from 0.671 to 0.682 based on the 3 above thresholds, whereas with the Framingham tool, AUCs were from 0.651 to 0.659. In @entity1 , all AUCs were >0.7. Our results also showed WHR to be an almost comparable discriminator of CV disease risk in the Iranian study population. CONCLUSION: Conicity index and WHR had a more discriminatory accuracy for 10-year CV events compared with the other @entity28 indices.

title: Conicity Index and Waist-to-Hip Ratio Are Superior Obesity Indices in Predicting 10-Year Cardiovascular Risk Among @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present an objective method to evaluate gait improvements after a tap test in idiopathic normal pressure @entity1276 (INPH). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of gait data. SETTING: Public tertiary care center, day hospital. The gait analysis was performed before and 2 to 4 hours after the tap test. @entity1 : @entity1 included @entity1 with INPH (n=60) and age- and sex-matched controls (n=50; used to obtain reference intervals). From an initial referred sample of 79 @entity1 (N=79), we excluded those unable to walk without walking aids (n=9) and those with incomplete (pre-/posttap test) gait data (n=10). Thirteen out of 60 @entity1 were shunted and then reappraised after 6 months. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mahalanobis distance from controls, before and after the tap test. Eleven gait parameters were combined in a single quantitative score. Walking velocity was also evaluated because it is frequently used in tap test assessment. RESULTS: @entity1 were classified into 2 groups: tap test responders (n=22, 9 of them were shunted) and not suitable for shunt (n=38, 4 of them were shunted). In the tap test responders group, 9 out of 9 @entity1 improved after shunt. In the not suitable for shunt group, 3 out of 4 @entity1 did not improve. Gait velocity increased after the tap test in 53% of responders and in 37% of @entity1 not suitable for shunt. CONCLUSIONS: The new method is applicable to clinical practice and allows for selecting tap test responders in an objective way, quantifying the improvements. Our results suggest that gait velocity alone is not sufficient to reliably assess tap test effects.

title: Instrumented Gait Analysis for an Objective Pre-/Postassessment of Tap Test in Normal Pressure XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['Hydrocephalus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Autologous fat grafting (AFG) has been widely used to treat @entity5043 ( @entity5043 ). However, objective and quantitative analyses in @entity1 with @entity5043 are complicated because of multidimensional @entity194 and fat absorption. This study aimed to introduce a new method to predict @entity942 of soft tissues and objectively evaluate the survival of grafted fat with 3-dimensional (3D) and mirror-image analysis (MIA). METHODS: Thirty-one @entity1 with @entity5043 were classified into 2 groups based on the location of the facial midsagittal plane (FMP), which was established through our proposed method using nasion (point a), anterior nasal spine (point b), and pogonion (point c). The included cases with centered FMP were treated using serial AFG and followed up for 12 to 15 months. Images were obtained preoperatively (pre-OP) and postoperatively at 2 time points (3 months and 12 months). Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) was performed before the first surgery to locate the FMP and predict the @entity942 of soft tissues with MIA. Three months after the first surgery, 3D laser scanning was conducted to evaluate the volume of surviving fat. @entity1 characteristics, satisfaction, and soft tissue augmentation results were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-seven cases (9 @entity1 and 18 @entity1 ) with @entity5043 were included and treated using serial AFG (mean number of operation, 3.1 times). The mean age was 22.1 years. With 3D CT or 3D laser-scanning camera and MIA, we obtained the mean deficient volume of the affected area (30.48 mm) and the mean volume of the total fat injection (133.61 mm). The mean fat absorption ratio was 47.92%. The mean satisfaction score immediately obtained at first postoperative (score = 4.3) was higher than that at 3 months postoperatively (score = 4.1) and 12 months postoperatively (score = 4.0). No complications and donor-site morbidity were noted. CONCLUSION: The facial symmetry of @entity1 with centered FMP can be successfully restored using serial AFG alone. The combined 3D and MIA can be used to predict the @entity942 of soft tissues and objectively evaluate the survival of grafted fat.

title: Autologous Fat Grafting With Combined 3-Dimensional and Mirror-Image Analyses for Progressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['volumetric deficiency']

entities_list: @entity5043 :: ('MESH:D005150', 'Disease') :: ['PHA', 'progressive hemifacial atrophy']

answer: @entity5043 :: (MESH:D005150,Disease) :: ['Hemifacial Atrophy']


abstract: Despite angiographically successful opening of an @entity1188 -related vessel within a 6-hour time frame, some @entity1 do not recover left ventricular regional wall function in the @entity1188 zone after an @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Recent evidence suggests that this finding is due to the no-reflow phenomenon, or failure to recover tissue perfusion despite @entity1 epicardial arteries. We performed myocardial contrast echocardiography to assess tissue perfusion before and after opening of an @entity1188 . Coronary angiograms, regional wall motion scoring, and myocardial contrast enhancement were graded by 3 observers. Of 24 @entity1 with @entity583 , 7 (29%) failed to recover tissue perfusion in > or = 1 region of myocardium. Of 106 regions subtended by the @entity1188 , 16 (15%), 43 (41%), and 47 (44%) regions had no-reflow, partial, or normal flow, respectively, after arterial patency was established. There was a spectrum of reperfusion patterns ranging from no-reflow to normal perfusion. One-month follow-up angiographic and myocardial contrast echocardiographic studies were performed in 12 of the 24 @entity1 . At 1 month, all segments of myocardium that had immediate normal perfusion had regained normal wall motion. In contrast, 17 segments that had partial or no-reflow were identified. Of these 17, 3 regained normal function, 10 segments were @entity5048 , and 4 segments were @entity2845 . We conclude that myocardial contrast echocardiography can be used to identify the no-reflow phenomenon in up to 29% of @entity1 with @entity583 . Additionally, we found that the immediate-reflow pattern can predict degree of @entity1002 at 1-month follow-up.

title: Ability of the no-reflow phenomenon during an @entity583 to predict XXXX at one-month follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5048 :: ('MESH:C536231', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinetic']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: Despite angiographically successful opening of an @entity1188 -related vessel within a 6-hour time frame, some @entity1 do not recover left ventricular regional wall function in the @entity1188 zone after an @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Recent evidence suggests that this finding is due to the no-reflow phenomenon, or failure to recover tissue perfusion despite @entity1 epicardial arteries. We performed myocardial contrast echocardiography to assess tissue perfusion before and after opening of an @entity1188 . Coronary angiograms, regional wall motion scoring, and myocardial contrast enhancement were graded by 3 observers. Of 24 @entity1 with @entity583 , 7 (29%) failed to recover tissue perfusion in > or = 1 region of myocardium. Of 106 regions subtended by the @entity1188 , 16 (15%), 43 (41%), and 47 (44%) regions had no-reflow, partial, or normal flow, respectively, after arterial patency was established. There was a spectrum of reperfusion patterns ranging from no-reflow to normal perfusion. One-month follow-up angiographic and myocardial contrast echocardiographic studies were performed in 12 of the 24 @entity1 . At 1 month, all segments of myocardium that had immediate normal perfusion had regained normal wall motion. In contrast, 17 segments that had partial or no-reflow were identified. Of these 17, 3 regained normal function, 10 segments were @entity5048 , and 4 segments were @entity2845 . We conclude that myocardial contrast echocardiography can be used to identify the no-reflow phenomenon in up to 29% of @entity1 with @entity583 . Additionally, we found that the immediate-reflow pattern can predict degree of @entity1002 at 1-month follow-up.

title: Ability of the no-reflow phenomenon during an XXXX to predict @entity1002 at one-month follow-up.

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunts (TIPSS) have been shown to reduce portal @entity101 consistently and have recently been reported to @entity548 . This retrospective and nonrandomized study compares the results of TIPSS with esophageal transection (ET) and devascularization in @entity1 with uncontrolled @entity548 admitted to a single center with an interest in variceal @entity548 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Two hundred and sixty cirrhotic @entity1 have been referred with variceal @entity548 over the past 7 yr. In 41 @entity1 (15.8%), @entity548 was uncontrolled despite two treatments with sclerotherapy. Thirty-eight @entity1 were eligible for analysis. Nineteen were considered for ET and 19 for TIPSS. @entity1 in the two groups were well matched for age, sex, etiology of @entity409 , and its severity and complications. They have been followed for 13 @entity1 years (TIPSS-7, longest 20 months; ET-6, longest 23 months). Data for survival and rebleeding were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Seven of the 19 were considered unfit for surgery, and 12 underwent esophageal transection and devascularization. TIPSS was undertaken successfully in 17 @entity1 , the Palmaz stent being used in 4 and the Wallstent in 13. Successful TIPSS reduced the mean portal pressure gradient from 22.2 (SE 1.2) to 9.7 (SE 0.7) mm Hg (p < 0.001). Mortality within 30 days of the initial bleed was 42% in the TIPSS group compared with 79% in the ET group (p < 0.05). Rebleeding occurred in 15.6% @entity1 with TIPSS, compared with 26.2% in the ET group. @entity75 in the two groups of @entity1 was not significantly different (TIPSS 25% and ET 22%). TIPSS was followed by active infection in 20% compared with 36% after ET. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the overall mortality in this group of @entity1 is high whatever the type of treatment used. TIPSS can be performed successfully on these @entity1 who are often not suitable for surgery. Mortality rates were significantly lower in @entity1 treated by TIPSS. Compared with ET, TIPSS should be regarded as the preferred mode of treatment for uncontrolled @entity548 in @entity1 with @entity82 .

title: A comparative study of emergency transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt and esophageal transection in the management of uncontrolled XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['variceal hemorrhage', 'arrest active variceal hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['variceal hemorrhage']


abstract: A 53-year-old @entity1 presented with a right breast lump identified approximately 6 months previously on palpation. Because the lump gradually increased in size, she initially visited a general practitioner who referred her to our hospital. Mammography and breast ultrasonography revealed a lesion in the right breast. Biopsy indicated a case ofstromal @entity242 . Three months later, another lesion was detected, and simple mastectomy was performed. A recurrent lesion was detected after 1 month, and lumpectomy was performed. Another mass developed 1 month later, and extirpation was performed. After 1 month, another mass was detected, and extirpation was performed again. The stump was negative for lesions and recurrences. A thorough examination did not reveal @entity3 to remote organs. There are no established therapies for @entity674 . Surgical excision is undoubtedly indicated, as observed in this @entity1 who showed multiple recurrent lesions despite the surgeries performed.

title: [A case of XXXX with multiple local recurrences].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['stromal sarcoma']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['stromal sarcoma']


abstract: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of 192 consecutive @entity1 with local recurrence after complete resection of @entity1149 (NSCLC). The initial local recurrent site was the resection stump in 5 @entity1 (the chest wall in 3 @entity1 , mediastinum in 1 @entity1 , and diaphragm in 1 @entity1 ), and the hilar and/or mediastinal lymph node (HMLN)in 17 @entity1 . The sites of distant @entity3 were the lungs in 10 @entity1 , pleura in 4 @entity1 , brain in 7 @entity1 , liver in 5 @entity1 , bone in 4 @entity1 , and other sites in 4 @entity1 . Treatments after initial recurrence included surgery in 2 @entity1 , radiotherapy in 5 @entity1 , chemotherapy in 9 @entity1 , and chemo-radiotherapy in 5 @entity1 . Only 1 @entity1 received supportive care. The response to radiotherapy was a complete response(CR)in 1 @entity1 , partial response(PR)in 5 @entity1 , stable disease( @entity168 )in 3 @entity1 , and progressive disease( @entity1726 )in 1 @entity1 . The best response of all lines of chemotherapy was CR in 3 @entity1 , PR in 4 @entity1 , @entity168 in 3 @entity1 , and @entity1726 in 4 @entity1 . The median post-recurrence survival(PRS)time with local recurrence was better than that with distant @entity3 (23 vs 14 months); however, the best PRS was obtained in @entity1 with recurrence in the lungs(29 months). A CR for more than 2 years was obtained in 1 @entity1 after surgery, in 1 @entity1 after radiotherapy, and in 2 @entity1 after chemotherapy. Although local recurrence of resected NSCLC can be potentially controlled by using local treatments - such as surgery and radiotherapy - or systemic chemotherapy, curative aggressive treatment should be considered when required.

title: [Post-recurrence survival after surgical resection of XXXX with local recurrence].

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: Epithelial tight junctions form a regulated barrier that seals the paracellular space and prevents mixing of luminal contents with the interstitium. This barrier is composed of a group of proteins including the putative "sealing" protein @entity659 that appears to bind directly to a cytoplasmic junction protein, @entity10261 . To study the interaction and regulation of these two components when paracellular integrity is altered, we assessed protein expression and immunofluorescent (IF) localization of @entity10261 and @entity659 in a @entity35 model of hepatocyte tight junction damage induced by common bile duct ligation (CBDL). Protein levels were detected in liver by immunoblotting and IF localization by 3-dimensional reconstruction of serial 0.5-micron confocal microscopic optical sections. As previously described, @entity10261 protein levels progressively increased to threefold control levels 9 days after CBDL. In contrast, @entity659 protein levels decreased by 50% within 2 days after CBDL and returned to control values by 9 days. In control IF sections, @entity23818 colocalized, forming thin continuous staining outlining canaliculi. After CBDL, @entity10261 staining appeared discontinuous, and a punctate pericanalicular accumulation of signal developed around junctional areas. @entity659 staining was also discontinuous after CBDL, but, in contrast to @entity10261 , was not punctate and remained localized either in a linear fashion along canalicular margins or in a homogeneous fashion in immediately surrounding areas. CBDL results in changes in the expression and localization of the putative tight junction sealing protein @entity659 in hepatocytes that are distinct from those observed for the peripheral membrane tight junction protein @entity10261 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Altered hepatic localization and expression of XXXX after common bile duct ligation.

answer: @entity659 :: (83497(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['occludin']


abstract: A @entity1 in his 60s was diagnosed with @entity356 and underwent distal gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection. The histological diagnosis was @entity420 (T3, N1, StageIIB). He was treated with @entity11730 as adjuvant chemotherapy for 1 year. One year and 2 months after gastrectomy, a computed tomography(CT)scan revealed liver @entity3 (S8, 38mm). The @entity1 was diagnosed with liver @entity3 (refractory to @entity11730 ), and administered combination chemotherapy with irinotecan and cisplatin. After 4 courses of treatment, a CT scan detected a progressive @entity96 (55mm). Combination chemotherapy with docetaxel and @entity11730 was selected as second-line chemotherapy. After 6 courses of treatment, the @entity5 size reduced to 40mm in diameter, and no other @entity3 was detected. Nine months after the diagnosis of liver @entity3 , partial resection of the liver(S8)was performed. A pathological diagnosis of @entity420 was determined, and the pathological therapeutic effect was rated as Grade 1b. Combination chemotherapy with docetaxel and @entity11730 was found to be effective, and was thus administrated after the operation. There have been no signs of recurrence for 6 months after the operation. Surgery with perioperative chemotherapy can be an effective treatment for liver @entity3 from @entity356 .

title: [A case of metastatic @entity96 arising from XXXX resected after second-line chemotherapy].

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumor']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: A @entity1 in his 60s was diagnosed with @entity356 and underwent distal gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection. The histological diagnosis was @entity420 (T3, N1, StageIIB). He was treated with @entity11730 as adjuvant chemotherapy for 1 year. One year and 2 months after gastrectomy, a computed tomography(CT)scan revealed liver @entity3 (S8, 38mm). The @entity1 was diagnosed with liver @entity3 (refractory to @entity11730 ), and administered combination chemotherapy with irinotecan and cisplatin. After 4 courses of treatment, a CT scan detected a progressive @entity96 (55mm). Combination chemotherapy with docetaxel and @entity11730 was selected as second-line chemotherapy. After 6 courses of treatment, the @entity5 size reduced to 40mm in diameter, and no other @entity3 was detected. Nine months after the diagnosis of liver @entity3 , partial resection of the liver(S8)was performed. A pathological diagnosis of @entity420 was determined, and the pathological therapeutic effect was rated as Grade 1b. Combination chemotherapy with docetaxel and @entity11730 was found to be effective, and was thus administrated after the operation. There have been no signs of recurrence for 6 months after the operation. Surgery with perioperative chemotherapy can be an effective treatment for liver @entity3 from @entity356 .

title: [A case of metastatic XXXX arising from @entity356 resected after second-line chemotherapy].

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['liver tumor']


abstract: Abstract Objective: To evaluate wideband amplification and non-linear frequency compression (NLFC) as a means to improve speech recognition for @entity1 with mild/moderate @entity393 . DESIGN: Randomized within-subject design with repeated measures across test conditions. STUDY SAMPLE: Eleven @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity393 were evaluated with: (1) Phonak BTE without NLFC, (2) Phonak BTE with NLFC, and (3) Oticon BTE with wideband response extending to 8000 Hz. RESULTS: Use of NLFC provided better detection and recognition of high-frequency stimuli (e.g. /sh/ and /s/). No difference in performance between conditions was observed for speech recognition when measured with the University of Western Ontario (UWO) plurals test and the UWO distinctive features difference test. Finally, there were no differences between conditions on the BKB-SIN test. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity393 have good access to high-frequency phonemes presented at fixed levels (e.g. 50 to 60 dBA) with both wideband and NLFC technology. Similarly, sentence recognition in noise was similar with wideband and NLFC. Adaptive test procedures that probe performance at lower input levels showed small but significant improvements in the detection and recognition of the phonemes /s/ and /sh/ with NLFC condition when compared to the NLFC Off and wideband conditions.

title: Evaluation of wideband frequency responses and non-linear frequency compression for XXXX with mild to moderate high-frequency hearing loss.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Galvanization is the process of coating steel or cast iron pieces with a thin layer of @entity219 allowing protection against corrosion. One of the important hazards in this industry is exposure to @entity219 compounds specially @entity1947 fumes and dusts. In this study we evaluated chronic effects of @entity1947 on the respiratory tract of galvanizers. METHODS: 188 workers were selected from a galvanization plant, 71 galvanizers as exposed group and 117 workers from other departments of plants as control group. Information was collected using American @entity1514 Society (ATS) standard questionnaire, physical examination and demographic data sheet. Pulmonary function tests were measured for all subjects. Exposure assessment was done with NIOSH 7030 method. RESULTS: The Personal Breathing Zone (PBZ) air sampling results for @entity219 ranged from 6.61 to 8.25 mg/m   above the permissible levels (Time weighted average; @entity71595 mg/m  ). Results showed that the prevalence of the respiratory symptoms such as @entity1353 , throat and nose irritation in the exposed group was significantly more than the control group. Decreasing in average percent in all spirometric parameters were seen in the galvanizers who exposed to @entity1947 fumes and dusts. The prevalence of obstructive @entity1576 was significantly higher in the exposed group. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that high workplace @entity219 levels are associated with an increase in @entity1576 in galvanizers.

title: Respiratory Symptoms and Pulmonary Function Tests among Galvanized Workers Exposed To XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1947 :: ('MESH:D015034', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc oxide']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory morbidity', 'respiratory disease']

answer: @entity1947 :: (MESH:D015034,Chemical) :: ['Zinc Oxide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Depression remains a great societal burden and a major treatment challenge. Most antidepressant medications target serotonergic raph   nuclei. Acute @entity6635 depletion (ATD) modulates @entity750 function. To better understand the raph  's role in mood networks, we studied raph   functional connectivity in @entity308 . Fifteen @entity308 @entity1 were treated with @entity3756 for 12 weeks and scanned during ATD and sham conditions. Based on our previous findings in a separate cohort, resting state MRI functional connectivity between raph   and other @entity308 -related regions (ROIs) was analyzed in narrow frequency bands. ATD decreased raph   functional connectivity with the bilateral thalamus within 0.025-0.05Hz, and also decreased raph   functional connectivity with the right pregenual anterior cingulate cortex within 0.05-0.1Hz. Using the control broadband filter 0.01-0.1Hz, no significant differences in raph  -ROI functional connectivity were observed. Post-hoc analysis by remission status suggested increased raph   functional connectivity with left pregenual anterior cingulate cortex in remitters (n=10) and decreased raph   functional connectivity with left thalamus in non-remitters (n=5), both within 0.025-0.05Hz. Reducing @entity750 function appears to alter coordination of these mood-related networks in specific, low frequency ranges. For examination of effects of reduced @entity750 function on mood-related networks, specific low frequency BOLD fMRI signals can identify regions implicated in neural circuitry and may enable clinically-relevant interpretation of functional connectivity measures. The biological significance of these low frequency signals detected in the raph   merits further study.

title: Effects of acute @entity6635 depletion on raph   functional connectivity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['sertraline']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Depression remains a great societal burden and a major treatment challenge. Most antidepressant medications target serotonergic raph   nuclei. Acute @entity6635 depletion (ATD) modulates @entity750 function. To better understand the raph  's role in mood networks, we studied raph   functional connectivity in @entity308 . Fifteen @entity308 @entity1 were treated with @entity3756 for 12 weeks and scanned during ATD and sham conditions. Based on our previous findings in a separate cohort, resting state MRI functional connectivity between raph   and other @entity308 -related regions (ROIs) was analyzed in narrow frequency bands. ATD decreased raph   functional connectivity with the bilateral thalamus within 0.025-0.05Hz, and also decreased raph   functional connectivity with the right pregenual anterior cingulate cortex within 0.05-0.1Hz. Using the control broadband filter 0.01-0.1Hz, no significant differences in raph  -ROI functional connectivity were observed. Post-hoc analysis by remission status suggested increased raph   functional connectivity with left pregenual anterior cingulate cortex in remitters (n=10) and decreased raph   functional connectivity with left thalamus in non-remitters (n=5), both within 0.025-0.05Hz. Reducing @entity750 function appears to alter coordination of these mood-related networks in specific, low frequency ranges. For examination of effects of reduced @entity750 function on mood-related networks, specific low frequency BOLD fMRI signals can identify regions implicated in neural circuitry and may enable clinically-relevant interpretation of functional connectivity measures. The biological significance of these low frequency signals detected in the raph   merits further study.

title: Effects of acute XXXX depletion on raph   functional connectivity in @entity308 .

answer: @entity6635 :: (D014364,Chemical) :: ['tryptophan']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the current standard treatment for inoperable @entity5 ( @entity1149 ). In this study we aimed to investigate the efficacy and @entity137 of CCRT with split dose of @entity900 (30 mg/m2) and @entity1206 (20 mg/m2) in @entity1 with inoperable @entity5 followed in our oncology clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Medical records of 97 @entity1 with inoperable @entity5 treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy with @entity900 - @entity1206 were retrospectively analyzed. @entity900 (30 mg/m2) and @entity1206 (20 mg/m2) were administered on days 1, 8, 22, and 29 during radiotherapy. Two cycles of consolidation chemotherapy were given. All @entity1 data, including pathological, clinical, radiological, biochemical, and hematological data, were assessed retrospectively using our database system. RESULTS: Our study included 97 unresectable @entity5 @entity1 who were treated with CCRT. Median age was 58 years old (range 39-75) and 87 (89.7%) of the @entity1 were @entity1 . ECOG performance score was 0-1 in 93 @entity1 (95.9%). Squamous histology, the most common histology, was diagnosed in 46 @entity1 (47.4%). Median follow-up time was 23.8 months. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival time (OS) were 10.3 months and 17.8 months, respectively. Objective response rate and clinical benefit rate were 75.3% and 83.5%, respectively. Distant and local relapse rate were 57.1% and 42.9%, respectively. Hematological and non-hematological grade 3-4 @entity137 were seen in 13 (13.4%) and 16 (16.5%) @entity1 , respectively. Six (6.1%) @entity1 died due to @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that split-dose @entity900 may offer fewer grade III-IV @entity137 without sacrificing efficacy and could be an option in @entity1 with inoperable @entity5 during CCRT. Similar to past studies, despite high response rate during CCRT, distant relapse is the major parameter that influences @entity1 survival in long-term in @entity1149 .

title: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with @entity1206 plus split-dose XXXX may be an option in inoperable @entity5 : a single-center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III non-small cell lung cancer', 'stage III NSCLC']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the current standard treatment for inoperable @entity5 ( @entity1149 ). In this study we aimed to investigate the efficacy and @entity137 of CCRT with split dose of @entity900 (30 mg/m2) and @entity1206 (20 mg/m2) in @entity1 with inoperable @entity5 followed in our oncology clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Medical records of 97 @entity1 with inoperable @entity5 treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy with @entity900 - @entity1206 were retrospectively analyzed. @entity900 (30 mg/m2) and @entity1206 (20 mg/m2) were administered on days 1, 8, 22, and 29 during radiotherapy. Two cycles of consolidation chemotherapy were given. All @entity1 data, including pathological, clinical, radiological, biochemical, and hematological data, were assessed retrospectively using our database system. RESULTS: Our study included 97 unresectable @entity5 @entity1 who were treated with CCRT. Median age was 58 years old (range 39-75) and 87 (89.7%) of the @entity1 were @entity1 . ECOG performance score was 0-1 in 93 @entity1 (95.9%). Squamous histology, the most common histology, was diagnosed in 46 @entity1 (47.4%). Median follow-up time was 23.8 months. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival time (OS) were 10.3 months and 17.8 months, respectively. Objective response rate and clinical benefit rate were 75.3% and 83.5%, respectively. Distant and local relapse rate were 57.1% and 42.9%, respectively. Hematological and non-hematological grade 3-4 @entity137 were seen in 13 (13.4%) and 16 (16.5%) @entity1 , respectively. Six (6.1%) @entity1 died due to @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that split-dose @entity900 may offer fewer grade III-IV @entity137 without sacrificing efficacy and could be an option in @entity1 with inoperable @entity5 during CCRT. Similar to past studies, despite high response rate during CCRT, distant relapse is the major parameter that influences @entity1 survival in long-term in @entity1149 .

title: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with XXXX plus split-dose @entity900 may be an option in inoperable @entity5 : a single-center experience.

answer: @entity1206 :: (MESH:C030852,Chemical) :: ['vinorelbine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the current standard treatment for inoperable @entity5 ( @entity1149 ). In this study we aimed to investigate the efficacy and @entity137 of CCRT with split dose of @entity900 (30 mg/m2) and @entity1206 (20 mg/m2) in @entity1 with inoperable @entity5 followed in our oncology clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Medical records of 97 @entity1 with inoperable @entity5 treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy with @entity900 - @entity1206 were retrospectively analyzed. @entity900 (30 mg/m2) and @entity1206 (20 mg/m2) were administered on days 1, 8, 22, and 29 during radiotherapy. Two cycles of consolidation chemotherapy were given. All @entity1 data, including pathological, clinical, radiological, biochemical, and hematological data, were assessed retrospectively using our database system. RESULTS: Our study included 97 unresectable @entity5 @entity1 who were treated with CCRT. Median age was 58 years old (range 39-75) and 87 (89.7%) of the @entity1 were @entity1 . ECOG performance score was 0-1 in 93 @entity1 (95.9%). Squamous histology, the most common histology, was diagnosed in 46 @entity1 (47.4%). Median follow-up time was 23.8 months. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival time (OS) were 10.3 months and 17.8 months, respectively. Objective response rate and clinical benefit rate were 75.3% and 83.5%, respectively. Distant and local relapse rate were 57.1% and 42.9%, respectively. Hematological and non-hematological grade 3-4 @entity137 were seen in 13 (13.4%) and 16 (16.5%) @entity1 , respectively. Six (6.1%) @entity1 died due to @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that split-dose @entity900 may offer fewer grade III-IV @entity137 without sacrificing efficacy and could be an option in @entity1 with inoperable @entity5 during CCRT. Similar to past studies, despite high response rate during CCRT, distant relapse is the major parameter that influences @entity1 survival in long-term in @entity1149 .

title: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with @entity1206 plus split-dose @entity900 may be an option in inoperable XXXX : a single-center experience.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage III non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Operative complications occur more frequently, often are more preventable, and their consequences can be more severe than other types of complications. Controversy exists regarding how best to identify and predict @entity532 . Several studies on predictive factors for @entity532 focused on a specific predictor for a specific outcome. To develop a reliable tool to identify @entity1 with @entity532 , insight in predictive factors for @entity532 is required. @entity1 AND METHODS: We searched all publications addressing predictive factors for the development of @entity532 in adult @entity1 admitted to the gastrointestinal, vascular, or general surgery departments. Data were extracted regarding study design, @entity1 characteristics, operative specialty, types of operative procedures, types of complications, possible predictors, and associated complication risk increase (expressed as an odds ratio; OR). RESULTS: The final set of 30 articles yielded a total of 53 predictive factors studied in various settings, operative specialties, and disorders. To focus our analysis we selected the 25 most robust and clinically applicable factors (ie, appearing in 3 or more studies). These factors were then categorized into 4 different groups: @entity1 -related factors, Co-morbidities, Laboratory values, and Surgery-related factors. The most predictive factors for morbidity in these groups were body mass index (ORs from 1.80 to 6.30), age (1.02-4.62  years), American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (1.77-7.10), @entity1353 (1.23-1.30), serum @entity1011 (1.39-2.14), emergency surgery (1.50-2.54), and functional status (1.36-4.07). CONCLUSION: This review presents a set of factors predictive of @entity532 for general surgery departments. These easily retrievable factors can and should be validated in the specific @entity1 populations of each hospital.

title: XXXX : A  systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['operative complications']

answer: @entity532 :: (MESH:D003925,Disease) :: ['Predictors of surgical complications']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in long-term periods the destruction of periodontal tissues and bacterial colonization induced by oral gavage with periodontopathogens or ligature @entity2520 models. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-eight C57BL/6  J @entity19 were divided into four groups: group C: negative control; group L: ligature; group G-Pg: oral gavage with @entity2523 ; and group G-PgFn: oral gavage with @entity2523 associated with @entity8209 . @entity19 were infected by oral gavage five times in 2-day intervals. After 45 and 60  days, animals were sacrificed and the immune-inflammatory response in the periodontal tissue was assessed by stereometric analysis. The @entity604 was evaluated by live microcomputed tomography and histometric analysis. qPCR was used to confirm the bacterial colonization in all the groups. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon, and ANOVA tests, at 5  % of significance level. RESULTS: Ligature model induced @entity32 and bone resorption characterized by increased number of inflammatory cells and decreased number of fibroblasts, followed by @entity604 at 45 and 60  days (p   <   0.05). Bacterial colonization in groups G-Pg and G-PgFn was confirmed by qPCR but @entity32 and bone resorption were not observed (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The ligature model but not the oral gavage models were effective to induce @entity32 and @entity604 in long-term periods. @entity22517 colonization was observed in all models of @entity2520 induction, independent of tissue alterations. These @entity19 models of @entity2521 validates, compliments, and enhances published @entity1726 models that utilize ligature or oral gavage and supports the importance of a successful colonization of a susceptible host, a bacterial invasion into vulnerable tissue, and host-bacterial interactions that lead to tissue destruction. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ligature model was an effective approach to induce @entity32 and @entity604 similar to @entity1 @entity2521 , but the oral gavage models were not efficient in inducing periodontal @entity32 and tissue destruction in the conditions studied. Ligature models can provide a basis for future interventional studies that contribute to the understanding of the disease pathogenesis and the complex host response to microbial challenge.

title: Long-term evaluation of oral gavage with periodontopathogens or ligature induction of XXXX in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8209 :: ('851', 'Species') :: ['Fusobacterium nucleatum']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['experimental periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar bone loss', 'advanced alveolar bone loss', 'bone loss']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['Porphyromonas gingivalis']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['experimental periodontal disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in long-term periods the destruction of periodontal tissues and bacterial colonization induced by oral gavage with periodontopathogens or ligature @entity2520 models. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-eight C57BL/6  J @entity19 were divided into four groups: group C: negative control; group L: ligature; group G-Pg: oral gavage with @entity2523 ; and group G-PgFn: oral gavage with @entity2523 associated with @entity8209 . @entity19 were infected by oral gavage five times in 2-day intervals. After 45 and 60  days, animals were sacrificed and the immune-inflammatory response in the periodontal tissue was assessed by stereometric analysis. The @entity604 was evaluated by live microcomputed tomography and histometric analysis. qPCR was used to confirm the bacterial colonization in all the groups. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon, and ANOVA tests, at 5  % of significance level. RESULTS: Ligature model induced @entity32 and bone resorption characterized by increased number of inflammatory cells and decreased number of fibroblasts, followed by @entity604 at 45 and 60  days (p   <   0.05). Bacterial colonization in groups G-Pg and G-PgFn was confirmed by qPCR but @entity32 and bone resorption were not observed (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The ligature model but not the oral gavage models were effective to induce @entity32 and @entity604 in long-term periods. @entity22517 colonization was observed in all models of @entity2520 induction, independent of tissue alterations. These @entity19 models of @entity2521 validates, compliments, and enhances published @entity1726 models that utilize ligature or oral gavage and supports the importance of a successful colonization of a susceptible host, a bacterial invasion into vulnerable tissue, and host-bacterial interactions that lead to tissue destruction. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ligature model was an effective approach to induce @entity32 and @entity604 similar to @entity1 @entity2521 , but the oral gavage models were not efficient in inducing periodontal @entity32 and tissue destruction in the conditions studied. Ligature models can provide a basis for future interventional studies that contribute to the understanding of the disease pathogenesis and the complex host response to microbial challenge.

title: Long-term evaluation of oral gavage with periodontopathogens or ligature induction of @entity2520 in XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Lag screw osteosynthesis is a well proven technique. Its application is limited by the fact that the spherical head of the screw act as wedge. Combining this screw with a bioconcave washer has broadened the range of applications for lag screw osteosynthesis in the maxillofacial region. PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of anchor lag screw with conventional lag screw in @entity174 . @entity1 AND METHOD: Thirty @entity1 with anterior mandible @entity174 with no concomitant @entity174 , @entity281 or extraoral communication, who visited our outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, were included in the study after obtaining their informed consent. @entity1 were randomly divided into two groups; where Group A underwent fixation using conventional lag screw and Group B anchor lag screw. The fixation system used included 2  mm @entity702 lag screws of sizes 25  mm, 27  mm and 30  mm and 3  mm @entity702 bioconcave washer. At each follow up visit, clinical data was collected detailing clinical presentation of healing and radiographic findings. RESULTS: Radiographic features at post surgery evaluation indicated loss of bone contact around the screw head and bone resorption in five @entity1 of Group A, thus causing loosening of lag screw whereas none of the @entity1 in Group B, was found to have any such complication. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the hypothesis that bioconcave washer aids in holding up the farthest fragment at the interface of the @entity174 fragment. Application of bioconcave washer provides easy loading of lag screw.

title: Anchor lag screw vs conventional lag screw in mandibular XXXX : A series of 30 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'anterior mandibular fractures']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Auricular swellings significantly affect the facial aesthetics. Swelling affecting the pinna can lead to overt disfigurement and change the entire appeal of the face. @entity85 can occur because of a delay in diagnosis and mismanagement. In our clinical trial fabrication of a simple, effective innovative pressure appliance for @entity2080 is presented to prevent such changes. METHOD: Our case report comprises of a new clinical trial on a @entity1 with @entity2080 referred from the department of ENT, M.S. Ramaiah medical hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka. A 19-gauge stainless steel wire (Leo wire, Leone, Italy) and chemically cure resin was used to fabricate the pressure appliance to prevent the recurrence of @entity2080 . RESULT: @entity1 was successfully treated with the help of pressure appliance after 8 weeks of follow up. CONCLUSION: This appliance is a masked alternative to conventional pressure dressing after @entity2080 which does not pose embarrassment for @entity1 to apply. The use of such an appliance will ensure @entity1 compliance, thereby preventing long term @entity85 .

title: Pressure appliance to prevent the recurrence of XXXX : A  new clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Gross deformity', 'auricular deformity']

entities_list: @entity2080 :: ('MESH:D049291', 'Disease') :: ['drainage of auricular seroma', 'auricular seroma']

answer: @entity2080 :: (MESH:D049291,Disease) :: ['auricular seroma']


abstract: @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is the leading cause of @entity204 and disability in @entity1 and can lead to a wide range of impairments. Brain imaging methods such as DTI (diffusion tensor imaging) are uniquely sensitive to the white matter (WM) damage that is common in @entity131 . However, higher-level analyses using tractography are complicated by the damage and decreased FA (fractional anisotropy) characteristic of @entity131 , which can result in premature tract endings. We used the newly developed autoMATE (automated multi-atlas tract extraction) method to identify differences in WM integrity. 63 pediatric @entity1 aged 8-19  years with moderate/severe @entity131 were examined with cross sectional scanning at one or two time points after injury: a post-acute assessment 1-5  months @entity130 and a chronic assessment 13-19  months @entity130 . A battery of cognitive function tests was performed in the same time periods. 56 @entity1 were examined in the first phase, 28 @entity131 @entity1 and 28 healthy controls. In the second phase 34 @entity1 were studied, 17 @entity131 @entity1 and 17 controls (27 @entity1 completed both post-acute and chronic phases). We did not find any significant group differences in the post-acute phase. Chronically, we found extensive group differences, mainly for mean and radial diffusivity ( @entity601 and RD). In the chronic phase, we found higher @entity601 and RD across a wide range of WM. Additionally, we found correlations between these WM integrity measures and @entity73 . This suggests a distributed pattern of WM disruption that continues over the first year following a @entity131 in @entity1 .

title: White matter disruption in moderate/severe pediatric XXXX : advanced tract-based analyses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['post-injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: Type II pneumocytes are the stem cells for the alveolar epithelium, proliferating and differentiating into type I cells during lung growth or after injury. The pattern of cytokeratin expression by type II cells in vitro has been linked to the state of differentiation of these cells. In particular, @entity29973 expression has been associated with the type II cell phenotype. We now examine the roles of cell shape and cell-cell interactions in the regulation of cytokeratin expression by @entity35 type II cells in vitro. Type II cell spreading and intercellular contacts were modulated by seeding cultures at high or low density (3.5 or 0.5 x 10(5) cells/cm2). When cultured at high density, cells demonstrated increased @entity29973 protein synthesis and diminished @entity12073 protein synthesis compared with highly spread cells at low density. This effect was a reflection of changes in the abundance of mRNAs for the individual cytokeratins. Alveolar epithelial cells at high density also formed extensive desmosomes between the cells. Desmosome formation was significantly decreased when cells were seeded at low density or in reduced (0.05 mM) @entity460 medium. @entity29973 mRNA and protein expression were also significantly decreased when desmosome formation was inhibited in reduced @entity460 medium, while @entity460 content of the medium had little effect on @entity12073 . These studies suggest that type II cell expression of @entity29973 , a differentiation-related cytokeratin, is regulated by factors influencing cell shape and intercellular contacts between epithelial cells. They further suggest that cell-cell interactions between epithelial cells may play a role in the modulation of epithelial cell phenotype.

title: Regulation of cytokeratin expression in XXXX lung alveolar epithelial cells in vitro.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of the vagal blocker @entity3897 on the fractal nature of @entity1 heart rate variability (HRV) at rest. Approximately 10-min segments of beat-to-beat heartbeat intervals, i.e., HRV, of 10 normal subjects and 11 @entity299 @entity1 were measured before and after intravenous injection of 0.5-0.75 mg @entity3897 . HRV data were analyzed by coarse graining spectral analysis (Y. Yamamoto and R. L. Hughson, Physica 68D: 250-264, 1993) to break down their total power into harmonic and nonharmonic (fractal) components. The harmonic component was used to calculate the contribution of high (> 0.15 Hz)-frequency components to total HRV power (%HF). From the fractal component, the contribution of the @entity299 (%fractal), the spectral exponent beta, and Hurst scaling exponent (H) were calculated. For both normal subjects and cardiac @entity1 , @entity3897 resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) less mean HRV and significantly (P < 0.05) greater beta compared with control, whereas mean values for %fractal were as high as 70% and were not significantly (P > 0.05) different between @entity3897 and control. The mean value of H with @entity3897 was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than that for control. Directional changes in %HF and beta were consistent with only one exception for a @entity1 who had the smallest change in log %HF by @entity3897 . The normally irregular fractal pattern of resting HRV was decreased by @entity3897 as shown by the decrease in %HF and the increase in beta.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: On the fractal nature of heart rate variability in XXXX : effects of vagal blockade.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine', 'atropine sulfate']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease', 'fractal component to total HRV power']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In older adults, @entity146 has been positively associated with @entity28 and impaired metabolic health, additional to low moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Further to the total time spent in @entity146 , the manner in which it is accumulated - number of continuous sedentary bouts of different extends - may also be relevant. The association for objectively measured uninterrupted sedentary bouts and respective patterns with @entity1144 in older adults was examined. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Community-based older @entity1 were recruited in each region of Portugal. Data collection was performed between September, 2007 and May, 2009. @entity1 : 351 older adults (230 @entity1 ) mean age of 75-years. MEASUREMENTS: Sedentary time was measured by an accelerometer (counts/minute <100), worn during waking hours for four consecutive days. Continuous sedentary bouts of 5<min<10, 10< min<20, 20< min<30, 30< min<60, >60 length were treated (counts/minute <100). @entity1144 was defined by waist circumference ( @entity1 >102 cm; @entity1 >88 cm). RESULTS: There were positive and escalating linear associations for the continuum of sedentary bouts' lengths with waist circumference. Logistic regression showed that for each additional sedentary bout of 10< min<20 the odds of being abdominally obese increased by 6.8% (OR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.13) up to 48% (OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.07 - 2.03) for each 1-hour sedentary bout increment, after controlling for age, gender, total sedentary time, MVPA time, total wear time, movement counts within the sedentary bouts, socio-demographic and other behavioral attributes, and medical history. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate positive graded associations for continuous sedentary bouts with @entity1144 . Public health recommendations regarding breaking up sedentary time more often, potentially avoiding very prolonged bouts of sedentary time, are expected to be relevant for older adults.

title: Sedentary Bout Durations Are Associated with XXXX in Older Adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity', 'Abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sedentary behavior']

answer: @entity1144 :: (MESH:D056128,Disease) :: ['Abdominal Obesity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We describe a case of effective use of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided drainage of an infected @entity4937 ( @entity4937 ) of the liver. The @entity1 was an 84-year-old @entity1 who was admitted with complaints of continuous @entity158 and a slight fever. Laboratory data revealed severe @entity32 . Computed tomography scanning showed a 110-mm @entity5409 with enhanced @entity5 in the medial segment of the liver associated with a cyst in the right lobe and subcapsular @entity96 . Streptococcus species were detected in the culture of cystic fluid, and a diagnosis of infected @entity4937 was suspected. Although the @entity1 was medicated by antibiotics, the fever did not resolve. EUS-guided transgastric drainage was performed for the abscess of the medial segment of the liver. Fourteen days after the endoscopic procedure, the plastic drainage tube was replaced with a metal stent. Inserting an endoscope into the liver cyst through the metal stent permitted observation and biopsy of an @entity5 , and the diagnosis of @entity4937 was confirmed. The @entity1 was discharged with the internal metal stent still in place.

title: Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided drainage of infected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesion']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['cyst of the liver']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intracystic tumor', 'papillary tumors']

entities_list: @entity4937 :: ('MESH:D000231', 'Disease') :: ['ICPA', 'intracystic papillary adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain']

answer: @entity4937 :: (MESH:D000231,Disease) :: ['intracystic papillary adenocarcinoma of the liver']


abstract: The authors aim to investigate the incidence and severity of @entity1468 in adolescent pregnancies (age under 17 years) and to evaluate the outcome of pregnancy and birth in this @entity1 . With this purpose we compare obstetric and neonatal results in 528 adolescents aged between 13 and 17 years with the results of a control group of mothers aged between 20 and 24 years. We used clinical observation, laboratory findings, instrumental diagnostics and scoring systems. Data were computer-processed. @entity1468 and @entity3036 was diagnosed in 17 cases (3.22%), with mild forms prevailing (2.46%). Eclampsia developed in 4 pregnant (0.76%)-an incidence differing from that cited in the literature. We are impressed by the outmost severity of @entity3036 in the adolescents, with 1 case of fatal outcome. Seven of the newborns were retarded. The most frequent indications to caesarean section were placental ablation and @entity649 . Operative delivery was performed in 41.18%. One case of foetal antenatal death and one death in the early neonatal period were observed, both in mothers with @entity3036 . The authors conclude that the incidence of @entity1468 and @entity3036 in adolescents is lower than in general obstetric population, but if @entity3036 develops, it is fulminant and in some cases is fatal for the mother or the foetus. This grave prognosis may be related to inappropriate antenatal care in this @entity1 group.

title: [Adolescent pregnancy and the development of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['foetal distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['Pre-eclampsia', 'pre-eclampsia', 'pre-eclampsia--eclampsia']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['pre-eclampsia--eclampsia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cells respond to mechanical cues from the substrate to which they are attached. These mechanical cues drive cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Previous studies have highlighted three specific mechanisms through which substrate stiffness directly alters cell function: increasing stiffness drives (1) larger contractile forces; (2) increased cell spreading and size; and (3) altered nuclear deformation. While studies have shown that substrate mechanics are an important cue, the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) has largely been ignored. The ECM is a crucial component of the mechanosensing system for two reasons: (1) many ECM fibrils are assembled by application of cell-generated forces, and (2) ECM proteins have unique mechanical properties that will undoubtedly alter the local stiffness sensed by a cell. We specifically focused on the role of the ECM protein @entity11504 ( @entity11504 ), which plays a critical role in de novo tissue production. In this study, we first measured the effects of substrate stiffness on @entity1 embryonic fibroblasts by plating cells onto microfabricated pillar arrays (MPAs) of varying stiffness. Cells responded to increasing substrate stiffness by generating larger forces, spreading to larger sizes, and altering nuclear geometry. These cells also assembled @entity11504 fibrils across all stiffnesses, with optimal assembly occurring at approximately 6 kPa. We then inhibited @entity11504 assembly, which resulted in dramatic reductions in contractile force generation, cell spreading, and nuclear geometry across all stiffnesses. These findings suggest that @entity11504 fibrils play a critical role in facilitating cellular responses to substrate stiffness.

title: Fibronectin fibrillogenesis facilitates mechano-dependent cell spreading, force generation, and nuclear size in XXXX embryonic fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity11504 :: ('MESH:C536826', 'Disease') :: ['FN', 'fibronectin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Multiple European studies report increased prevalence of selective @entity2015 (SIgAD) and partial @entity2015 (PIgAD) in @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) @entity1 . However; prospective data representing North American adults are lacking. While SIgAD precludes the use of IgA-tissue-transglutaminase antibody (IgA-tTG), the effect of PIgAD on IgA-tTG sensitivity is not well documented. We aim to determine the prevalence and impact of @entity7491 on @entity1593 presentation and diagnosis in North American adult @entity1 . METHODS: We reviewed 1000 consecutive @entity1 undergoing IgA-tTG testing and 243 healthy controls. Eligible sera were tested for IgA-tTG, serum immunoglobulins and IgA/IgG-Deamidated Gliadin Peptide (IgA/IgG-DGP). RESULTS: Prevalence of SIgAD was marginally higher in @entity1593 @entity1 (1.9%) compared with healthy controls (0.4%, p   =   0.24) and non- @entity1593 @entity1 (0.7% p   =   0.173). Prevalence of PIGAD was similar in @entity1593 @entity1 (4.8%) compared with healthy controls (5.9% p   =   0.57) and non- @entity1593 @entity1 (7.2% p   =   0.22). 1 (16.7%) of 6 @entity1593 @entity1 with SIgAD and all 15 (100%) with PIGAD tested IgA-tTG positive prior to GFD initiation. @entity1593 @entity1 with SIGAD showed lower frequency of @entity1109 (33% vs 82% p   =   0.01) and more co-morbid @entity792 (67% vs 23% p   =   0.03) when compared to @entity1593 @entity1 with normal IgA. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of SIgAD in North American @entity1593 @entity1 is comparable with European data but not significantly different than control populations. @entity1593 @entity1 with SIgAD exhibit decreased IgA-tTG sensitivity and lack of @entity344 . PIgAD is common in @entity1 with @entity74 but does not alter @entity1593 presentation or IgA-tTG sensitivity.

title: @entity2015 in XXXX in the United States.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['GI symptoms']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity7491 :: ('MESH:D017098', 'Disease') :: ['IgA deficiency']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['GI disorders']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

entities_list: @entity2015 :: ('MESH:D004406', 'Disease') :: ['Immunoglobulin A deficiency']

answer: @entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['Celiac Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Multiple European studies report increased prevalence of selective @entity2015 (SIgAD) and partial @entity2015 (PIgAD) in @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) @entity1 . However; prospective data representing North American adults are lacking. While SIgAD precludes the use of IgA-tissue-transglutaminase antibody (IgA-tTG), the effect of PIgAD on IgA-tTG sensitivity is not well documented. We aim to determine the prevalence and impact of @entity7491 on @entity1593 presentation and diagnosis in North American adult @entity1 . METHODS: We reviewed 1000 consecutive @entity1 undergoing IgA-tTG testing and 243 healthy controls. Eligible sera were tested for IgA-tTG, serum immunoglobulins and IgA/IgG-Deamidated Gliadin Peptide (IgA/IgG-DGP). RESULTS: Prevalence of SIgAD was marginally higher in @entity1593 @entity1 (1.9%) compared with healthy controls (0.4%, p   =   0.24) and non- @entity1593 @entity1 (0.7% p   =   0.173). Prevalence of PIGAD was similar in @entity1593 @entity1 (4.8%) compared with healthy controls (5.9% p   =   0.57) and non- @entity1593 @entity1 (7.2% p   =   0.22). 1 (16.7%) of 6 @entity1593 @entity1 with SIgAD and all 15 (100%) with PIGAD tested IgA-tTG positive prior to GFD initiation. @entity1593 @entity1 with SIGAD showed lower frequency of @entity1109 (33% vs 82% p   =   0.01) and more co-morbid @entity792 (67% vs 23% p   =   0.03) when compared to @entity1593 @entity1 with normal IgA. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of SIgAD in North American @entity1593 @entity1 is comparable with European data but not significantly different than control populations. @entity1593 @entity1 with SIgAD exhibit decreased IgA-tTG sensitivity and lack of @entity344 . PIgAD is common in @entity1 with @entity74 but does not alter @entity1593 presentation or IgA-tTG sensitivity.

title: XXXX in @entity1593 in the United States.

answer: @entity2015 :: (MESH:D004406,Disease) :: ['Immunoglobulin A deficiency']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1086 ( @entity1086 ) is an @entity146 with dismal results of surgical treatment mainly because of advanced stage at presentation. The objective of this study was to investigate whether aggressive surgical treatment can be associated with reasonable survival for @entity1 with @entity1086 at acceptable morbidity and mortality. METHODS: A total of 113 @entity1 with proven or presumptive diagnosis of @entity1086 were recruited prospectively over a period of 2  years and evaluated for diagnosis and @entity5 by appropriate investigations. Seven out of 113 @entity1 were found to have benign pathology either intraoperatively or on histopathological examination hence excluded from follow-up and survival analysis. Out of 32 potentially resectable @entity1 , only 21 @entity1 could finally be resected with curative intent. @entity1 found unresectable/metastatic disease intraoperatively (n   =   11) were treated with palliative chemotherapy if eligible for the same. Short-term morbidity, perioperative mortality, disease-free survival (DFS), and median overall survival (OS) of surgically resected @entity1 were analyzed. Median OS of resected @entity1 was compared with that of unresectable @entity1 . RESULTS: Overall resectability rate in this study cohort was 19.8  % (21/106). Overall mortality was 4.7  % and morbidity was 42.8  %. Stage distribution of resected @entity1 was as follows: stage II (3), stage IIIA (9), stage IIIB (8), and stage IVA (1). DFS at 12 and 18  months was found to be 82.5 and 73.3  %, respectively. Mean DFS was 19.9  months (SE 1.42, 95  % CI). Mean OS for resected @entity1 was 21  months and that for unresectable @entity1 was 11.3  months only. Both groups were compared using log rank (Mantel-cox) test and statistically significant difference in OS was observed (p value <0.0001). CONCLUSION: Since curative resection is the only chance of cure, aggressive surgical approach adopted by us is justified with acceptable mortality and morbidity and encouraging overall survival.

title: Aggressive Surgical Approach for XXXX : a Single-Center Experience from Northern India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['staging']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['Gallbladder cancer', 'GBC']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['Gallbladder Cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: @entity4172 ( @entity4172 ) is a chronic idiopathic @entity738 considered to occur in association with @entity6 . Data on the frequency of this association, however, are inconsistent. Our aim was to retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity4172 at our hospital and to investigate the association with @entity6 and other diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a chart review of all @entity1 with a clinical and histologic diagnosis of @entity4172 treated and followed in the dermatology department of Hospital de Bellvitge in Barcelona, Spain between 1987 and 2013. RESULTS: Thirty-five @entity1 (6 @entity1 and 29 @entity1 with a mean age of 47.20 years) were diagnosed with @entity4172 in the study period. At the time of diagnosis, 31 @entity1 had pretibial lesions. Thirteen @entity1 (37%) had a single lesion at diagnosis, and the mean number of lesions was 3.37. Twenty-three @entity1 (65.71%) had @entity6 (type 1 in 10 cases and type 2 in 13). In 20 @entity1 , onset of @entity6 preceded that of @entity4172 by a mean of 135.70 months. The 2 conditions were diagnosed simultaneously in 3 @entity1 . None of the 35 @entity1 developed @entity6 during follow-up. Six @entity1 had @entity1375 , and 4 of these also had type 1 @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4172 is frequently associated with type 1 and 2 @entity6 . Although @entity6 tends to develop before @entity4172 , it can occur simultaneously.

title: XXXX : A Descriptive Study of 35 Cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous disease']

entities_list: @entity4172 :: ('MESH:D009335', 'Disease') :: ['NL', 'Necrobiosis lipoidica']

answer: @entity4172 :: (MESH:D009335,Disease) :: ['Necrobiosis Lipoidica']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is a major public health problem affecting predominantly older adults. Nonadherence to diet remains a significant contributor to @entity712 ( @entity697 ). The @entity1372 -restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 (DASH/SRD) eating @entity65 that can lead to @entity697 and is consistent with current @entity712 guidelines. We propose that an intervention that promotes adherence to the DASH/SRD by home-delivering meals will be safe and improve health-related quality of life (QOL) in older adults after hospitalization for @entity697 . METHODS/DESIGN: This is a 3-center, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial of 12-week duration designed to determine the safety and efficacy of home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals in older adults after discharge from @entity697 hospitalization. Sixty-six subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 stratified fashion by gender and left ventricular ejection fraction (<50% vs >= 50%). Study subjects will receive either preprepared, home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals or usual dietary advice for 4weeks after hospital discharge. Investigators will be blinded to group assignment, food diaries, and urinary electrolyte measurements until study completion. The primary efficacy end point is the change in the Kansas @entity296 Questionnaire summary scores for health-related QOL from study enrollment to 4weeks postdischarge. Safety evaluation will focus on @entity551 , @entity177 , and @entity4144 . Exploratory end points include echocardiography, noninvasive vascular testing, markers of oxidative stress, and salt taste sensitivity. CONCLUSION: This randomized controlled trial will test the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of 4weeks of DASH/SRD after @entity697 hospitalization. By testing a novel dietary intervention supported by multiple levels of evidence including preliminary data in outpatients with stable @entity712 , we will address a critical evidence gap in the care of older @entity1 with @entity697 . If effective and safe, this intervention could be scaled to assess effects on readmission and healthcare costs in older adults after @entity697 .

title: Evaluating the safety and efficacy of @entity1372 -restricted/Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 diet after acute decompensated XXXX hospitalization: design and rationale for the Geriatric OUt of hospital Randomized MEal Trial in @entity712 (GOURMET- @entity712 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'acute decompensated HF', 'Heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['City Cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['plan reduces cardiovascular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is a major public health problem affecting predominantly older adults. Nonadherence to diet remains a significant contributor to @entity712 ( @entity697 ). The @entity1372 -restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 (DASH/SRD) eating @entity65 that can lead to @entity697 and is consistent with current @entity712 guidelines. We propose that an intervention that promotes adherence to the DASH/SRD by home-delivering meals will be safe and improve health-related quality of life (QOL) in older adults after hospitalization for @entity697 . METHODS/DESIGN: This is a 3-center, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial of 12-week duration designed to determine the safety and efficacy of home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals in older adults after discharge from @entity697 hospitalization. Sixty-six subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 stratified fashion by gender and left ventricular ejection fraction (<50% vs >= 50%). Study subjects will receive either preprepared, home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals or usual dietary advice for 4weeks after hospital discharge. Investigators will be blinded to group assignment, food diaries, and urinary electrolyte measurements until study completion. The primary efficacy end point is the change in the Kansas @entity296 Questionnaire summary scores for health-related QOL from study enrollment to 4weeks postdischarge. Safety evaluation will focus on @entity551 , @entity177 , and @entity4144 . Exploratory end points include echocardiography, noninvasive vascular testing, markers of oxidative stress, and salt taste sensitivity. CONCLUSION: This randomized controlled trial will test the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of 4weeks of DASH/SRD after @entity697 hospitalization. By testing a novel dietary intervention supported by multiple levels of evidence including preliminary data in outpatients with stable @entity712 , we will address a critical evidence gap in the care of older @entity1 with @entity697 . If effective and safe, this intervention could be scaled to assess effects on readmission and healthcare costs in older adults after @entity697 .

title: Evaluating the safety and efficacy of @entity1372 -restricted/Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 diet after acute decompensated @entity712 hospitalization: design and rationale for the Geriatric OUt of hospital Randomized MEal Trial in XXXX (GOURMET- @entity712 ).

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is a major public health problem affecting predominantly older adults. Nonadherence to diet remains a significant contributor to @entity712 ( @entity697 ). The @entity1372 -restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 (DASH/SRD) eating @entity65 that can lead to @entity697 and is consistent with current @entity712 guidelines. We propose that an intervention that promotes adherence to the DASH/SRD by home-delivering meals will be safe and improve health-related quality of life (QOL) in older adults after hospitalization for @entity697 . METHODS/DESIGN: This is a 3-center, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial of 12-week duration designed to determine the safety and efficacy of home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals in older adults after discharge from @entity697 hospitalization. Sixty-six subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 stratified fashion by gender and left ventricular ejection fraction (<50% vs >= 50%). Study subjects will receive either preprepared, home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals or usual dietary advice for 4weeks after hospital discharge. Investigators will be blinded to group assignment, food diaries, and urinary electrolyte measurements until study completion. The primary efficacy end point is the change in the Kansas @entity296 Questionnaire summary scores for health-related QOL from study enrollment to 4weeks postdischarge. Safety evaluation will focus on @entity551 , @entity177 , and @entity4144 . Exploratory end points include echocardiography, noninvasive vascular testing, markers of oxidative stress, and salt taste sensitivity. CONCLUSION: This randomized controlled trial will test the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of 4weeks of DASH/SRD after @entity697 hospitalization. By testing a novel dietary intervention supported by multiple levels of evidence including preliminary data in outpatients with stable @entity712 , we will address a critical evidence gap in the care of older @entity1 with @entity697 . If effective and safe, this intervention could be scaled to assess effects on readmission and healthcare costs in older adults after @entity697 .

title: Evaluating the safety and efficacy of @entity1372 -restricted/Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 diet after acute decompensated @entity712 hospitalization: design and rationale for the Geriatric OUt of hospital Randomized MEal Trial in @entity712 (GOURMET- XXXX ).

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['HF']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is a major public health problem affecting predominantly older adults. Nonadherence to diet remains a significant contributor to @entity712 ( @entity697 ). The @entity1372 -restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 (DASH/SRD) eating @entity65 that can lead to @entity697 and is consistent with current @entity712 guidelines. We propose that an intervention that promotes adherence to the DASH/SRD by home-delivering meals will be safe and improve health-related quality of life (QOL) in older adults after hospitalization for @entity697 . METHODS/DESIGN: This is a 3-center, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial of 12-week duration designed to determine the safety and efficacy of home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals in older adults after discharge from @entity697 hospitalization. Sixty-six subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 stratified fashion by gender and left ventricular ejection fraction (<50% vs >= 50%). Study subjects will receive either preprepared, home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals or usual dietary advice for 4weeks after hospital discharge. Investigators will be blinded to group assignment, food diaries, and urinary electrolyte measurements until study completion. The primary efficacy end point is the change in the Kansas @entity296 Questionnaire summary scores for health-related QOL from study enrollment to 4weeks postdischarge. Safety evaluation will focus on @entity551 , @entity177 , and @entity4144 . Exploratory end points include echocardiography, noninvasive vascular testing, markers of oxidative stress, and salt taste sensitivity. CONCLUSION: This randomized controlled trial will test the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of 4weeks of DASH/SRD after @entity697 hospitalization. By testing a novel dietary intervention supported by multiple levels of evidence including preliminary data in outpatients with stable @entity712 , we will address a critical evidence gap in the care of older @entity1 with @entity697 . If effective and safe, this intervention could be scaled to assess effects on readmission and healthcare costs in older adults after @entity697 .

title: Evaluating the safety and efficacy of @entity1372 -restricted/Dietary Approaches to Stop XXXX diet after acute decompensated @entity712 hospitalization: design and rationale for the Geriatric OUt of hospital Randomized MEal Trial in @entity712 (GOURMET- @entity712 ).

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is a major public health problem affecting predominantly older adults. Nonadherence to diet remains a significant contributor to @entity712 ( @entity697 ). The @entity1372 -restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 (DASH/SRD) eating @entity65 that can lead to @entity697 and is consistent with current @entity712 guidelines. We propose that an intervention that promotes adherence to the DASH/SRD by home-delivering meals will be safe and improve health-related quality of life (QOL) in older adults after hospitalization for @entity697 . METHODS/DESIGN: This is a 3-center, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial of 12-week duration designed to determine the safety and efficacy of home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals in older adults after discharge from @entity697 hospitalization. Sixty-six subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 stratified fashion by gender and left ventricular ejection fraction (<50% vs >= 50%). Study subjects will receive either preprepared, home-delivered DASH/SRD-compliant meals or usual dietary advice for 4weeks after hospital discharge. Investigators will be blinded to group assignment, food diaries, and urinary electrolyte measurements until study completion. The primary efficacy end point is the change in the Kansas @entity296 Questionnaire summary scores for health-related QOL from study enrollment to 4weeks postdischarge. Safety evaluation will focus on @entity551 , @entity177 , and @entity4144 . Exploratory end points include echocardiography, noninvasive vascular testing, markers of oxidative stress, and salt taste sensitivity. CONCLUSION: This randomized controlled trial will test the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of 4weeks of DASH/SRD after @entity697 hospitalization. By testing a novel dietary intervention supported by multiple levels of evidence including preliminary data in outpatients with stable @entity712 , we will address a critical evidence gap in the care of older @entity1 with @entity697 . If effective and safe, this intervention could be scaled to assess effects on readmission and healthcare costs in older adults after @entity697 .

title: Evaluating the safety and efficacy of XXXX -restricted/Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 diet after acute decompensated @entity712 hospitalization: design and rationale for the Geriatric OUt of hospital Randomized MEal Trial in @entity712 (GOURMET- @entity712 ).

answer: @entity1372 :: (MESH:D012964,Chemical) :: ['sodium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The thoracic surgery scoring system (Thoracoscore) is a multivariate scoring system with nine parameters used for predicting @entity12463 after thoracic surgery. In clinical practice, the value of the thoracoscore in evaluating the fitness of individual @entity1 for surgery is not clear. OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to evaluate the performance of thoracoscore in evaluating fitness for @entity2 and compare it with cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPEX). METHODS: We retrospectively analysed data over a 2-year period from the CPEX database of @entity1 referred for preoperative assessment prior to @entity2 . RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity1 who had borderline lung function impairment had CPEX to assess fitness for surgery. Fifteen (68%) were deemed fit and went on to have thoracic surgery while 7 (32%) were considered high risk and were turned down. The predicted @entity204 rate based on thoracoscore for @entity1 who had surgery was 3.5    2.8 as compared to 3.4    2.0 for @entity1 who did not have surgery (p > 0.05). The mean peak VO2 (peak @entity26 uptake during CPEX) among those who had surgery was significantly higher than those who did not have surgery (14.2 mL/kg/min versus 10.1 mL/kg/min). There was no correlation of thoracoscore with lung function parameters, duration of hospital stay and peak VO2. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that CPEX remains a standard and useful tool for functional assessment prior to @entity2 resection. There is no correlation between thoracoscore and either CPEX or pulmonary function parameters. Thoracoscore should not be used to assess fitness for surgery.

title: Lack of Utility of Thoracoscore in Evaluating Fitness for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity12463 :: ('MESH:D031261', 'Disease') :: ['inpatient mortality']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['surgery for lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Surgery in Lung Cancer']