abstract: BACKGROUND: Worldwide, most @entity1 with incurable @entity5 experience @entity353 and @entity448 . These symptoms can @entity147 @entity1 and their family caregivers. Interventions that take account of the relationship between @entity1 and family caregiver may improve outcomes for both members of this dyad. AIM: To report an example of process for the development of a complex intervention, the Family Approach to Weight and Eating. DESIGN: A mixed-methods process informed by the Medical Research Council's guidelines for developing a complex intervention was used to develop a psychosocial intervention for @entity1 with incurable @entity5 and @entity353 or poor appetite and their family caregivers and then to test for its feasibility, acceptability and perceived benefit. SETTING: South of England in 2010/2011. @entity1 : A purposive sample of @entity1 -family caregiver dyads under the care of a specialist community palliative care team. @entity1 @entity1 had incurable @entity5 and were cachectic or at risk of @entity3085 . RESULTS: The @entity1 -family caregiver dyads comprised seven female and nine male @entity1 (age range 41-84   years) and their carers. The emergent form of the Family Approach to Weight and Eating was found to aid family talk about food, feelings and reciprocity, without adverse consequences. Of the dyads, 15 reported benefits of the Family Approach to Weight and Eating. Three @entity1 @entity1 spoke of the approach evoking sadness and three carers of guilt. CONCLUSION: The Family Approach to Weight and Eating should now be tested in a pilot trial and the effect on emotional health outcomes in @entity1 and their family caregivers evaluated.

title: A mixed-methods qualitative research study to develop a complex intervention for @entity353 and @entity448 in XXXX : The Family Approach to Weight and Eating.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['advanced cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Antithyroid drug treatment (ATDT) effectively achieves @entity3214 in @entity1 with @entity2743 ( @entity2743 ). However, apparently successful treatment may be followed by relapse. We investigated the outcome of ATDT in Chinese @entity1 with @entity2743 to identify predictive features of relapse. METHODS: In total, 133  @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity5651 were included in this analysis. All @entity1 received @entity3937 for 12 to 40months and were subsequently followed up for at least 1year. Lasting remission was defined as the presence of clinical and laboratory features of @entity3214 for>= 1year after stopping @entity3937 . RESULTS: Most @entity1 (118 of 133, 88.7%) remained in remission after the follow-up period; 15  @entity1 (11.3%) developed relapse. A history of @entity2743 , larger @entity5651 at the time of drug withdrawal, a positive thyroid-stimulating antibody titer and restauration of low thyroid-stimulating hormone levels during the maintenance period were related to a subsequent risk of relapse according to stepwise logistic regression analysis results. However, other clinical and biological features (age, sex, initial @entity5651 , @entity6875 , @entity1955 and @entity1954 levels and thyroglobulin antibody and thyroid microsomal antibody titers) did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Regular, individualized ATDT achieved an 88.7% remission rate in Chinese @entity1 with @entity2743 . The features associated with probable relapse were a history of @entity2743 , larger @entity5651 at the time of drug withdrawal, a positive thyroid-stimulating antibody titer at the time of drug withdrawal and redevelopment of low thyroid-stimulating hormone levels during the maintenance period.

title: Valuable predictive features of relapse of XXXX after antithyroid drug treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3937 :: ('MESH:D008713', 'Chemical') :: ['methimazole']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease", 'GD']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity3214 :: ('MESH:D005067', 'Disease') :: ['euthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity6875 :: ('MESH:D049970', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmopathy']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Analysis of the immunoglobulin k light chain ( @entity1016 ) gene is an alternative method for B-cell clonality assessment in the diagnosis of mature B-cell proliferations in which the detection of clonal @entity7639 ( @entity7639 ) gene rearrangements fails. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the added value of standardized BIOMED-2 assay for the detection of clonal @entity1016 gene rearrangements in the diagnostic setting of suspected @entity1892 . With this purpose, 92 specimens from 80 @entity1 with the final diagnosis of @entity1892 (37 specimens), @entity784 (26 specimens) and reactive lymphoid proliferation (29 specimens) were analyzed for B-cell clonality. B-cell clonality analysis was performed using the BIOMED-2 @entity7639 and @entity1016 gene clonality assays. The determined sensitivity of the @entity1016 assay was 67.6%, while the determined sensitivity of the @entity7639 assay was 75.7%. The sensitivity of combined @entity7639 + @entity1016 assay was 81.1%. The determined specificity of the @entity1016 assay was 96.2% in the group of @entity784 and 96.6% in the group of reactive lesions. The determined specificity of the @entity7639 assay was 84.6% in the group of @entity706 and 86.2% in the group of reactive lesions. The comparison of GeneScan (GS) and heteroduplex pretreatment- @entity2975 gel electrophoresis (HD-PAGE) methods for the analysis of @entity1016 gene rearrangements showed a higher efficacy of GS analysis in a series of 27 @entity1892 analyzed by both methods. In the present study, we demonstrated that by applying the combined @entity7639 + @entity1016 clonality assay the overall detection rate of B-cell clonality was increased by 5.4%. Thus, we confirmed the added value of the standardized BIOMED-2 @entity1016 assay for assessment of B-cell clonality in suspected @entity1892 with inconclusive clinical and cyto/histological diagnosis.

title: Diagnostic value of immunoglobulin k light chain gene rearrangement analysis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphomas', 'mature T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas', 'mature B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity7639 :: ('3495', 'Gene') :: ['immunoglobulin heavy chain', 'IGH']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell lymphomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The cellular basis of @entity3 is poorly understood. An important step to understanding this process is to be able to visualize the routes by which @entity5 cells migrate from the @entity5 to various distant sites to eventually form @entity3 . Our laboratory previously developed single-cell in vivo imaging using fluorescent proteins to label @entity5 cells. In the present study, using @entity5049 @entity1 @entity263 cells labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and @entity5 transplantation, we have imaged in live @entity19 various highly diverse routes by which @entity5049 cells metastasize superiorly and inferiorly to distant sites, including in the portal area, stomach area, and urogenital system. Imaging began at day 9, at which time distant @entity3 had already occurred, and increased at each imaging point at days 10, 13, 14, and 16. Metastatic cells were observed migrating superiorly and inferiorly from the @entity5 as well as in lymphatic channels and trafficking in various organ systems demonstrating that @entity5049 has multiple metastatic routes similar to hormone-independent @entity263 in the clinic. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1027-1032, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Real Time Metastatic Route Tracking of Orthotopic XXXX -GFP @entity1 Prostate Cancer Using Intravital Imaging.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'advanced-stage prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'primary tumor', 'orthotopic tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5049 :: (57332,Gene) :: ['PC-3']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The cellular basis of @entity3 is poorly understood. An important step to understanding this process is to be able to visualize the routes by which @entity5 cells migrate from the @entity5 to various distant sites to eventually form @entity3 . Our laboratory previously developed single-cell in vivo imaging using fluorescent proteins to label @entity5 cells. In the present study, using @entity5049 @entity1 @entity263 cells labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and @entity5 transplantation, we have imaged in live @entity19 various highly diverse routes by which @entity5049 cells metastasize superiorly and inferiorly to distant sites, including in the portal area, stomach area, and urogenital system. Imaging began at day 9, at which time distant @entity3 had already occurred, and increased at each imaging point at days 10, 13, 14, and 16. Metastatic cells were observed migrating superiorly and inferiorly from the @entity5 as well as in lymphatic channels and trafficking in various organ systems demonstrating that @entity5049 has multiple metastatic routes similar to hormone-independent @entity263 in the clinic. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1027-1032, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Real Time Metastatic Route Tracking of Orthotopic @entity5049 -GFP XXXX Prostate Cancer Using Intravital Imaging.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is common for @entity1 who die from @entity510 to have a focus on comfort measures at the end of life. The potential role of ethnicity in end-of-life decisions after @entity1545 has not been extensively studied. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity510 were prospectively followed in an observational database. Demographic information including ethnicity was collected from medical records and self-reported by @entity1 or their family. Significant in-hospital events including do-not-resuscitate orders, @entity3453 ( @entity3453 ; care withheld or withdrawn), and mortality were recorded prospectively. RESULTS: 1255 @entity1 were included in our analysis: 650 (52  %) were White, 387 (31  %) Hispanic, and 218 (17  %) Black. Mortality was similar between the groups. @entity3453 was more commonly observed in Whites (14  %) compared to either Blacks (10  %) or Hispanics (9  %) (p  =  0.04). In a multivariate analysis controlling for age and Hunt-Hess grade, Hispanics were less likely to have @entity3453 than Whites (OR, 0.6; 95  %CI, 0.4-0.9; p  =  0.02). Of the 229 @entity1 who died, 77  % of Whites had @entity3453 compared to 54  % of Blacks and 49  % of Hispanics (p  <  0.01). In a multivariate analysis, Blacks (OR, 0.3; 95  %CI, 0.2-0.7; p  <  0.01) and Hispanics (OR, 0.3; 95  %CI, 0.2-0.6; p  <  0.01) were less likely to die with @entity3453 orders than Whites. CONCLUSION: After @entity510 , Blacks and Hispanics are less likely to die with @entity3453 orders than Whites. Further research to confirm and investigate the causes of these ethnic differences should be performed.

title: Ethnic Disparities in End-of-Life Care After XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3453 :: ('MESH:D054331', 'Disease') :: ['CMO', 'comfort measures only orders']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Plateau waves in @entity428 ( @entity428 ) are frequently recorded in neuro intensive care and are not yet fully understood. To further investigate this phenomenon, we analyzed partial pressure of cerebral @entity26 (pbtO2) and a moving correlation coefficient between @entity428 and mean arterial blood pressure (ABP), called @entity10166 , along with the cerebral @entity26 reactivity index (ORx), which is a moving correlation coefficient between cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and pbtO2 in an observational study. METHODS: We analyzed 55 plateau waves in 20 @entity1 after severe @entity131 . We calculated ABP, ABP pulse amplitude (ampABP), @entity428 , CPP, pbtO2, heart rate (HR), @entity428 pulse amplitude (ampICP), @entity10166 , and ORx, before, during, and after each plateau wave. The analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc test was used to compare the differences in the variables before, during, and after the plateau wave. We considered all plateau waves, even in the same @entity1 , independent because they are separated by long intervals. RESULTS: We found increases for @entity428 and ampICP according to our operational definitions for plateau waves. @entity10166 increased significantly (p  =  0.00026), CPP (p  <  0.00001) and pbtO2 (p  =  0.00007) decreased significantly during the plateau waves. ABP, ampABP, and HR remained unchanged. @entity10166 during the plateau was higher than before the onset of wave in 40 cases (73  %) with no differences in baseline parameters for those with negative and positive   @entity10166 (difference during and after). ORx showed an increase during and a decrease after the plateau waves, however, not statistically significant. PbtO2 overshoot after the wave occurred in 35 times (64  %), the mean difference was 4.9      4.6  Hg (mean      SD), and we found no difference in baseline parameters between those who overshoot and those who did not overshoot. CONCLUSIONS: Arterial blood pressure remains stable in @entity428 plateau waves, while cerebral autoregulatory indices show distinct changes, which indicate cerebrovascular reactivity impairment at the top of the wave. PbtO2 decreases during the waves and may show a slight overshoot after normalization. We assume that this might be due to different latencies of the cerebral blood flow and @entity26 level control mechanisms. Other factors may include baseline conditions, such as pre-plateau wave cerebrovascular reactivity or pbtO2 levels, which differ between studies.

title: Changes in Cerebral Partial XXXX Pressure and Cerebrovascular Reactivity During Intracranial Pressure Plateau Waves.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['Oxygen']


abstract: BACKGROUND:: The effect of urinary alkalinization in cardiac surgery @entity1 at risk of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) is controversial and trial findings conflicting. Accordingly, the authors performed a prospectively planned individual @entity1 data meta-analysis of the double-blind randomized trials in this field. METHODS:: The authors studied 877 @entity1 from three double-blind, randomized controlled trials enrolled to receive either 24 h of intravenous infusion of @entity4388 or @entity2827 . The primary outcome measure was a postoperative increase in serum @entity1011 concentration of greater than 25% or 0.5 mg/dl (> 44  M/L) within the first five postoperative days. Secondary outcomes included the raw change in serum @entity1011 , greater than 50% and greater than 100% rises in serum @entity1011 , developing @entity810 ( @entity810 ), initiation of renal replacement therapy, morbidity, and mortality. RESULTS:: @entity1 were similar in demographics, comorbidities, and cardiac procedures. @entity4388 increased plasma @entity3157 (P < 0.001) and urine pH (P < 0.001). There were no differences in the development of the primary outcome ( @entity3157 45% [39-51%] vs. Saline 42% [36-48%], P = 0.29). This result remained unchanged when controlling for study and covariates (odds ratio [OR], 99% confidence interval [CI]: @entity3157 vs. Control, 1.11 [0.77-1.60], P = 0.45). There was, however, a significant study-adjusted benefit in elective coronary artery bypass surgery @entity1 in terms of renal replacement therapy ( @entity3157 vs. Control, OR: 0.38 [99% CI: 0.25-0.58], P < 0.0001) and the development of an @entity810 Network grade = 3 ( @entity3157 vs. Control, OR: 0.45 [99% CI: 0.43-0.48], P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS:: Urinary alkalinization using @entity4388 infusion is not associated with an overall lower incidence of @entity810 ; however, it reduces severe @entity810 and need for renal replacement therapy in elective coronary artery bypass @entity1 .

title: XXXX and Renal Function after Cardiac Surgery: A Prospectively Planned Individual @entity1 Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4388 :: ('MESH:D017693', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium bicarbonate', 'Sodium bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate', 'Bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['Acute Kidney Injury', 'AKI', 'acute kidney injury', 'Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

answer: @entity4388 :: (MESH:D017693,Chemical) :: ['Sodium Bicarbonate']


abstract: BACKGROUND:: The effect of urinary alkalinization in cardiac surgery @entity1 at risk of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) is controversial and trial findings conflicting. Accordingly, the authors performed a prospectively planned individual @entity1 data meta-analysis of the double-blind randomized trials in this field. METHODS:: The authors studied 877 @entity1 from three double-blind, randomized controlled trials enrolled to receive either 24 h of intravenous infusion of @entity4388 or @entity2827 . The primary outcome measure was a postoperative increase in serum @entity1011 concentration of greater than 25% or 0.5 mg/dl (> 44  M/L) within the first five postoperative days. Secondary outcomes included the raw change in serum @entity1011 , greater than 50% and greater than 100% rises in serum @entity1011 , developing @entity810 ( @entity810 ), initiation of renal replacement therapy, morbidity, and mortality. RESULTS:: @entity1 were similar in demographics, comorbidities, and cardiac procedures. @entity4388 increased plasma @entity3157 (P < 0.001) and urine pH (P < 0.001). There were no differences in the development of the primary outcome ( @entity3157 45% [39-51%] vs. Saline 42% [36-48%], P = 0.29). This result remained unchanged when controlling for study and covariates (odds ratio [OR], 99% confidence interval [CI]: @entity3157 vs. Control, 1.11 [0.77-1.60], P = 0.45). There was, however, a significant study-adjusted benefit in elective coronary artery bypass surgery @entity1 in terms of renal replacement therapy ( @entity3157 vs. Control, OR: 0.38 [99% CI: 0.25-0.58], P < 0.0001) and the development of an @entity810 Network grade = 3 ( @entity3157 vs. Control, OR: 0.45 [99% CI: 0.43-0.48], P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS:: Urinary alkalinization using @entity4388 infusion is not associated with an overall lower incidence of @entity810 ; however, it reduces severe @entity810 and need for renal replacement therapy in elective coronary artery bypass @entity1 .

title: @entity4388 and Renal Function after Cardiac Surgery: A Prospectively Planned Individual XXXX Meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: The optimal management of @entity282 using multimodal @entity1337 is a key component of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS). @entity158 has adverse clinical implications on postoperative recovery, including prolonging the time to recovery milestones and length of hospital stay. Moreover, the ubiquity of opioids in postoperative analgesic regimens results in adverse effects, such as sedation, @entity1209 , urinary retention, ileus, and @entity1576 , which can delay discharge. Thus, multimodal @entity1337 , i.e., the use of more than one analgesic modality to achieve @entity158 control while reducing opioid-related side effects, has become the cornerstone of enhanced recovery. The purpose of this review is to address the analgesic techniques used as part of multimodal analgesic regimens to optimize @entity282 control and to summarize the evidence for their use in reducing opioid requirements and side effects. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: There is a wide variety of analgesic techniques available for multimodal postoperative @entity1337 . These modalities are divided into pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques. Systemic pharmacological modalities involve opioids and non-opioids such as @entity1443 , non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, @entity1024 receptor antagonists, anticonvulsants (e.g., @entity1246 analogues), beta-blockers, alpha-2 agonists, transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor agonists ( @entity2951 ), and glucocorticoids. Other pharmacological modalities include central neuraxial techniques, surgical-site infiltration, and regional anesthesia. Evidence supports the use of these pharmacological techniques as part of multimodal @entity1337 , but each has its own advantages and specific safety profile, which highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate analgesics for each @entity1 . Adjunctive non-pharmacological techniques include acupuncture, music therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and hypnosis. There is mixed evidence regarding such techniques, although a lack of harm is associated with their use. CONCLUSION: There are continuing advancements in multimodal analgesic techniques; however, @entity282 in general continues to be undermanaged. Furthermore, a continuing challenge in multimodal @entity158 research related to ERAS is the difficulty in carrying out randomized trials to determine the relative importance of any one component, including @entity1337 .

title: Optimizing XXXX management to facilitate Enhanced Recovery After Surgery pathways.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-aminobutyric acid']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'effective pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: A number of a priori @entity1229 dosing algorithms, derived using linear regression methods, have been proposed. Although these dosing algorithms may have been validated using @entity1 derived from the same centre, rarely have they been validated using a @entity1 cohort recruited from another centre. In order to undertake external validation, two cohorts were utilised. One cohort formed by @entity1 from a prospective trial and the second formed by @entity1 in the control arm of the EU- @entity15649 trial. Of these, 641 @entity1 were identified as having attained stable dosing and formed the dataset used for validation. Predicted maintenance doses from six criterion fulfilling regression models were then compared to individual @entity1 stable @entity1229 dose. Predictive ability was assessed with reference to several statistics including the R-square and mean absolute error. The six regression models explained different amounts of variability in the stable maintenance @entity1229 dose requirements of the @entity1 in the two validation cohorts; adjusted R-squared values ranged from 24.2% to 68.6%. An overview of the summary statistics demonstrated that no one dosing algorithm could be considered optimal. The larger validation cohort from the prospective trial produced more consistent statistics across the six dosing algorithms. The study found that all the regression models performed worse in the validation cohort when compared to the derivation cohort. Further, there was little difference between regression models that contained pharmacogenetic coefficients and algorithms containing just non-pharmacogenetic coefficients. The inconsistency of results between the validation cohorts suggests that unaccounted population specific factors cause variability in dosing algorithm performance. Better methods for dosing that take into account inter- and intra-individual variability, at the initiation and maintenance phases of @entity1229 treatment, are needed.

title: A review of a priori regression models for XXXX maintenance dose prediction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['warfarin']


abstract: Three labile @entity6 @entity1 had recurring episodes of altered sensorium. Each had severe @entity66 with superimposed metabolic derangements, including @entity1270 , @entity4854 without @entity1270 , mild @entity5507 , and possibly @entity2657 . Two of the @entity1 were examined postmortem. Severe @entity2318 , basal ganglial calcification and destruction of small intracerebral vessels without evidence of large vessel @entity731 were found unexpectedly in one @entity1 , a rare occurrence in this country although recently reported from Europe. The other @entity1 had large vessel @entity731 only. The clinical expression of the @entity455 was modified by concurrent abnormalities and reflected the sum total of the complexities which coexisted. The pathophysiology of the unconscious state necessarily depends on the inciting factors. @entity772 is associated with @entity308 cerebral @entity26 consumption. Spinal fluid pH is usually maintained during @entity1270 but is sometimes lowered inadvertently during @entity3157 therapy, with resultant @entity772 . Other variables influencing the clinical expression, with or without @entity1270 , would include, among others, blood viscosity alterations, rapid decrements in blood sugar, and existing degrees of @entity8193 . The increasing life-span of the juvenile diabetics, favorably influenced by improved management and recently by hemodialysis, may uncover @entity455 heretofore rarely seen and create additional diagnostic and therapeutic enigmas.

title: Cerebral syndromes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease', 'vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal scarring']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['coma', 'Ketoacidotic coma']

entities_list: @entity8193 :: ('MESH:D000140', 'Disease') :: ['lactic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1270 :: ('MESH:D007662', 'Disease') :: ['ketosis', 'ketoacidosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: Cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM), generated from the process of decellularization, has been widely considered as an ideal source of biological scaffolds. However, current ECM preparations are generally difficult to be applied to generate cardiac tissue. Our research was aimed to improve decellularization protocols to prepare cardiac ECM slices. Adult @entity19 ventricular tissues were embedded in low melting agarose and cut into 300  m slices, and then were divided randomly into three groups: normal cardiac tissue, @entity214 treated group (0.1% @entity214 ) and @entity214 +Triton X-100 treated group (0.1% @entity214 +0.5% Triton X-100). Total RNA content and protein content quantification, HE staining and immunostaining were used to evaluate the removal of cell components and preservation of vital ECM components. Furthermore, @entity19 embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (mES-CMs) and @entity19 embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were co-cultured with ECM slices to evaluate biocompatibility. The relative residual RNA and protein contents of ECM slices significantly decreased after decellularization. HE staining showed that @entity214 +Triton X-100 treatment better destroyed cellular structure and removed nuclei of ECM slices, compared with @entity214 treatment. Immunostaining showed that collagen IV and laminin were better preserved and presented better similarity to original cardiac tissue in ECM slices acquired by @entity214 +Triton X-100 treatment. However, collagen IV and laminin were significantly decreased and arranged disorderly in @entity214 treated group. We observed effective survival (>=  12 days) of MEFs and mES-CMs on ECM slices acquired by @entity214 +Triton X-100 treatment, and signs of integration, whereas those signs were not found in @entity214 treated group. We concluded that, compared with traditional @entity214 method, new combined protocol ( @entity214 +Triton X-100) generated ECM slices with better component and structural preservation, as well as better biocompatibility.

title: [Acquirement and evaluation of XXXX ventricular extracellular matrix].

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: AIM: To analyze prognostic factors for survival after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with microwave ablation (MWA) for @entity157 ( @entity157 ). METHODS: Clinical data of 86 @entity1 who underwent TACE combined with MWA between January 2006 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Survival curves were detected using log-rank test. Univariate analysis was performed using log-rank test with respect to 13 prognostic factors affecting survival. All statistically significant prognostic factors identified by univariate analysis were entered into a Cox proportion hazards regression model to identify independent predictors of survival. P values were two-sided and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 47.6 mo, and median survival time of enrolled @entity1 was 21.5 mo. The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 72.1%, 44.1%, 31.4% and 13.9%, respectively. @entity5 size(  (2) = 14.999, P = 0.000), @entity96 ( @entity96 ) stage (  (2) = 29.765, P = 0.000), @entity1 -Pugh class (  (2) = 51.820, P = 0.000), portal vein @entity5 thrombus (PVTT) (  (2) = 43.086, P = 0.000), @entity7838 (  (2) = 29.791, P = 0.000), MWA therapy times (  (2) = 12.920, P = 0.002), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score (  (2) = 28.660, P = 0.000) and targeted drug usage (  (2) = 10.901, P = 0.001) were found to be significantly associated with overall survival by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis identified that @entity5 size (95%CI: 1.608-4.962, P = 0.000), @entity96 stage (95%CI: 1.016-2.208, P = 0.020), PVTT (95%CI: 2.062-9.068, P = 0.000), MWA therapy times (95%CI: 0.402-0.745, P = 0.000), ECOG score (95%CI: 1.012-3.053, P = 0.045) and targeted drug usage (95%CI: 1.335-3.143, P = 0.001) were independent prognostic factors associated with overall survival. CONCLUSION: Superior performance status, MWA treatment and targeted drug were favorable factors, and large @entity157 , PVTT and advanced @entity96 stage were risk factors for survival after TACE-MWA for @entity157 .

title: Prognostic factors for survival after transarterial chemoembolization combined with microwave ablation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer', 'BCLC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity7838 :: ('MESH:D001159', 'Disease') :: ['arterio-venous fistula']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Most ionic liquids (ILs) are either water soluble or present a non-negligible miscibility with water that may cause some harmful effects upon their release into the environment. Among other methods, adsorption of ILs onto activated @entity505 (AC) has shown to be an effective technique to remove these compounds from aqueous solutions. However, this method has proved to be viable only for hydrophobic ILs rather than for the hydrophilic that, being water soluble, have a larger tendency for contamination. In this context, an alternative approach using the salting-out ability of inorganic salts is here proposed to enhance the adsorption of hydrophilic ILs onto activated @entity505 . The effect of the concentrations of @entity2398 on the adsorption of five ILs onto AC was investigated. A wide range of ILs that allow the inspection of the IL cation family ( @entity15218 - and pyridinium-based) and the anion nature (accounting for its hydrophilicity and fluorination) through the adsorption onto AC was studied. In general, it is shown that the use of @entity2398 enhances the adsorption of ILs onto AC. In particular, this effect is highly relevant when dealing with hydrophilic ILs that are those that are actually poorly removed by AC. In addition, the COnductor like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) was used aiming at complementing the experimental data obtained. This work contributes with the development of novel methods to remove ILs from water streams aiming at creating "greener" processes.

title: Enhancing the adsorption of ionic liquids onto activated XXXX by the addition of inorganic salts.

entities_list: @entity15218 :: ('CHEBI:50059', 'Chemical') :: ['imidazolium']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) prevalence is increasing in the United States. Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) therapy is an option for Advanced @entity712 (AdHF) @entity1 . Perioperatively, @entity409 ( @entity409 ) is linked to the effects of device implantation, augmented by preexisting @entity712 . Early recognition of @entity409 allows for better diagnosis, treatment, and risk prediction. Gene expression profiling (GEP) was used to evaluate clinical phenotypes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) transcriptomes obtained from @entity1 ' blood samples. Whole blood (WB) samples are clinically more feasible, but their performance in comparison to PBMC samples has not been determined. METHODS: We collected blood samples from 31 @entity712 @entity1 (57  15 years old) undergoing cardiothoracic surgery and 7 healthy age-matched controls, between 2010 and 2011, at a single institution. WB and PBMC samples were collected at a single timepoint postoperatively (median day 8 postoperatively) (25-75% IQR 7-14 days) and subjected to Illumina single color @entity1 BeadChip HT12 v4 whole genome expression array analysis. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was used to characterize the severity of @entity409 into low ( <= 4 points), intermediate (5-11), and high (>=  12) risk categories correlating with GEP. RESULTS: Results indicate that the direction of change in GEP of individuals with @entity409 as compared to controls is similar when determined from PBMC versus WB. The main enriched terms by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis included those involved in the inflammatory response, apoptosis, and other stress response related pathways. The data revealed 35 significant GO categories and 26 pathways overlapping between PBMC and WB. Additionally, class prediction using machine learning tools demonstrated that the subset of significant genes shared by PBMC and WB are sufficient to train as a predictor separating the SOFA groups. CONCLUSION: GEP analysis of WB has the potential to become a clinical tool for immune-monitoring in @entity1 with @entity409 .

title: Comparison of whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression for evaluation of the perioperative inflammatory response in @entity1 with advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'Heart failure']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan dysfunction', 'MOD']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) prevalence is increasing in the United States. Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) therapy is an option for Advanced @entity712 (AdHF) @entity1 . Perioperatively, @entity409 ( @entity409 ) is linked to the effects of device implantation, augmented by preexisting @entity712 . Early recognition of @entity409 allows for better diagnosis, treatment, and risk prediction. Gene expression profiling (GEP) was used to evaluate clinical phenotypes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) transcriptomes obtained from @entity1 ' blood samples. Whole blood (WB) samples are clinically more feasible, but their performance in comparison to PBMC samples has not been determined. METHODS: We collected blood samples from 31 @entity712 @entity1 (57  15 years old) undergoing cardiothoracic surgery and 7 healthy age-matched controls, between 2010 and 2011, at a single institution. WB and PBMC samples were collected at a single timepoint postoperatively (median day 8 postoperatively) (25-75% IQR 7-14 days) and subjected to Illumina single color @entity1 BeadChip HT12 v4 whole genome expression array analysis. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was used to characterize the severity of @entity409 into low ( <= 4 points), intermediate (5-11), and high (>=  12) risk categories correlating with GEP. RESULTS: Results indicate that the direction of change in GEP of individuals with @entity409 as compared to controls is similar when determined from PBMC versus WB. The main enriched terms by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis included those involved in the inflammatory response, apoptosis, and other stress response related pathways. The data revealed 35 significant GO categories and 26 pathways overlapping between PBMC and WB. Additionally, class prediction using machine learning tools demonstrated that the subset of significant genes shared by PBMC and WB are sufficient to train as a predictor separating the SOFA groups. CONCLUSION: GEP analysis of WB has the potential to become a clinical tool for immune-monitoring in @entity1 with @entity409 .

title: Comparison of whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression for evaluation of the perioperative inflammatory response in XXXX with advanced @entity712 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: RATIONALE: Impulsive actions entail (1) capture of the motor system by an action impulse, which is an urge to act and (2) failed suppression of that impulse in order to prevent a response error. Several studies indicate that dopaminergic treatment can induce action impulsivity in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Whether this effect is due to increased impulse expression or to decreased impulse suppression remains to be deciphered. METHOD: We used a novel approach based on electromyographic (EMG) analyses to decipher the effects of the @entity1 's usual dopaminergic therapy on the expression and suppression of subliminal erroneous impulses. To this end, we used a within-subject design and took advantage of the Simon task, that elicits prepotent response tendencies. The @entity1 (N   =   15) performed the task on their usual dopaminergic medication and after complete medication withdrawal (for at least 12  h). RESULTS: The correction rate that measures the ability to suppress subthreshold @entity121 was lower when the @entity1 were on medication as compared to their off medication state (p   <   0.05). The incorrect activation rate that measures the capture of the motor system by action impulses was unaffected by medication. CONCLUSIONS: Dopa therapy affected action impulsivity. Although medication did not influence the incidence of fast action impulses, it significantly reduced @entity1 ' ability to abort and suppress muscle activation related to the incorrect response alternative.

title: Dopa therapy and action impulsivity: subthreshold error activation and suppression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['impulsive muscle activity']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['PD', "Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to analyse outcomes with adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in radically resected @entity1086 ( @entity1086 ) in Indian @entity1 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of @entity1086 @entity1 who received adjuvant cCRT after extended cholecystectomy (EC) between January 2007 and December 2011. Patterns of recurrence, disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse prognostic factors were evaluated. RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity1 were analysed. At a median follow-up of 53  months, 40  % of @entity1 had recurrence either locoregionally (12  %) or had distant metastases (28  %). The 5-year OS and DFS was 25 % and 53  %, respectively. When prognostic factors were evaluated, the median OS was 51 versus 23  months for node-negative (n   =   8) versus node-positive disease (n   =   24), not reached versus 34  months for stage 2 (n   =   4) versus for stage 3 (n   =   28), 46 versus 23  months for R0 (n   =   11) versus R1 resection (n   =   21), 51 versus 12  months (p   =   0.15) for well-differentiated (n   =   16) versus poorly differentiated @entity5 (n   =   8), and 10 versus 51  months for lymphovascular invasion presence (n   =   4) versus absence (n   =   28) (p   =   0.01). CONCLUSION: Outcome in Indian @entity1 with cCRT followed by AC is similar to that reported in the literature. Adjuvant cCRT followed by AC improves outcomes in @entity1 with R1 and node-positive disease. @entity5 , nodal positivity, poor differentiation, presence of perineural invasion and lymphovascular invasion are adverse prognostic features. Further research is required with treatment intensification in @entity1 with adverse prognostic factors to improve outcome.

title: Outcomes of Adjuvant Chemoradiation and Predictors of Survival After Extended Cholecystectomy in XXXX : a Single Institution Experience from an Endemic Region.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Advanced stage', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['GBC', 'gall bladder carcinoma']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['Gall Bladder Carcinoma']


abstract: Tumor @entity39 factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is a key signaling adaptor molecule for @entity5 @entity39 factor receptor superfamily and Toll-like receptor/interleukin-1 receptor family members. It signals the upstream receptors and is involved in a wide range of biological functions, such as immunity and bone metabolism. In this report, the TRAF6 gene from the pearl oyster Pinctada martensii (designated as PmTRAF6) was identified and characterized. The obtained full-length PmTRAF6 cDNA was 2273 bp, containing a 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of 297 bp, a 3'-UTR of 128 bp with a 42-bp poly (A) tail, and an open reading frame of 1848 bp that encoded 616- @entity535 residues. The deduced protein sequence of PmTRAF6 contained a conserved TRAF family motif including a RING-type @entity219 finger, two TRAF-type @entity219 fingers, and a coiled-coil region followed by one meprin and TRAF homology domain. Multiple-sequence alignment indicated that TRAF6 was highly conserved among species, and PmTRAF6 showed 53% sequence identity to Azumapecten farreri and @entity7177 . Furthermore, an @entity535 sequence containing a low-complexity region was inserted in the TRAF6s from mollusk. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that PmTRAF6 was constitutively expressed in all tissues studied, with the most abundant mRNA expression in hepatopancreas and gill in @entity71722 . After lipopolysaccharide stimulation, the expression of PmTRAF6 mRNA was dramatically upregulated. These results suggested that the obtained PmTRAF6 was a member of the TRAF6 family and perhaps involved in the @entity1200 .

title: Molecular characterization of @entity5 XXXX factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) in pearl oyster Pinctada martensii.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity7177 :: ('6573', 'Species') :: ['Mizuhopecten yessoensis']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['innate immune response of pearl oyster']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: Tumor @entity39 factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is a key signaling adaptor molecule for @entity5 @entity39 factor receptor superfamily and Toll-like receptor/interleukin-1 receptor family members. It signals the upstream receptors and is involved in a wide range of biological functions, such as immunity and bone metabolism. In this report, the TRAF6 gene from the pearl oyster Pinctada martensii (designated as PmTRAF6) was identified and characterized. The obtained full-length PmTRAF6 cDNA was 2273 bp, containing a 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of 297 bp, a 3'-UTR of 128 bp with a 42-bp poly (A) tail, and an open reading frame of 1848 bp that encoded 616- @entity535 residues. The deduced protein sequence of PmTRAF6 contained a conserved TRAF family motif including a RING-type @entity219 finger, two TRAF-type @entity219 fingers, and a coiled-coil region followed by one meprin and TRAF homology domain. Multiple-sequence alignment indicated that TRAF6 was highly conserved among species, and PmTRAF6 showed 53% sequence identity to Azumapecten farreri and @entity7177 . Furthermore, an @entity535 sequence containing a low-complexity region was inserted in the TRAF6s from mollusk. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that PmTRAF6 was constitutively expressed in all tissues studied, with the most abundant mRNA expression in hepatopancreas and gill in @entity71722 . After lipopolysaccharide stimulation, the expression of PmTRAF6 mRNA was dramatically upregulated. These results suggested that the obtained PmTRAF6 was a member of the TRAF6 family and perhaps involved in the @entity1200 .

title: Molecular characterization of XXXX @entity39 factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) in pearl oyster Pinctada martensii.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Late-onset @entity295 (LOS) is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in preterm newborns, and currently available diagnostic tools are inadequate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of presepsin (P-SEP) as novel biomarker of @entity2348 for the diagnosis of LOS in preterm newborns. METHODS: We prospectively studied newborns  <=32 weeks' gestational age with LOS (n = 19) and noninfected controls (n = 21) at 4 to 60 days' postnatal age. At enrollment, and 1, 3, and 5 days later, we ascertained the @entity1851 , @entity1904 , and P-SEP in the LOS group, whereas P-SEP alone was ascertained in the control group. RESULTS: P-SEP at enrollment was higher in the LOS than the control group (median 1295 vs 562 ng/L, P = .00001) and remained higher throughout the study period. In the LOS group, P-SEP had a borderline reduction at day 1 versus values at enrollment (median 1011 vs 1295 ng/L, P = .05), whereas @entity1851 and procalcitonin at day 1 did not differ from baseline values. The receiver operating characteristic curve of P-SEP at enrollment shows an area under the curve of 0.972. The best calculated cutoff value was 885 ng/L, with 94% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Negative likelihood ratio was 0.05, and positive likelihood ratio was infinity. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated for the first time in a cohort of preterm newborns that P-SEP is an accurate biomarker for the diagnosis of possible LOS and may also provide useful information for monitoring the response to therapeutic interventions.

title: Presepsin for the detection of late-onset XXXX in preterm newborns.

entities_list: @entity1904 :: ('MESH:C029100', 'Chemical') :: ['procalcitonin']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Test the ability of acidic fluoridated solutions to enhance @entity1388 (F) bound on bacteria (1) and the effect of dentifrice consistency on plaque fluid F uptake (2). METHODS: (1) @entity6586 isolates were grown in BHI medium (37  C/18h). Bacteria were washed either with @entity1098 or @entity3282 both at 1mM to remove or add @entity460 , respectively. Pellets were incubated with 12mM @entity7034 at pH 4.5 or 7 for 1min and F was quantified in the lysates and supernatants with the electrode, after HMDS-facilitated diffusion. (2) A randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial was performed in three phases with nineteen adults (20-35 years) that used one of the dentifrices: commercial toothpaste (1100ppm F, pH7.0 and conventional viscosity (Sorriso Fresh(  ))); experimental liquid dentifrice (ELD) (1100ppm F, pH7.0 and low viscosity [1.1% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)]) and ELD (1100ppm F and high viscosity pH7.0 (2.2% CMC)). F concentration in plaque fluid was analyzed using an inverted F electrode. RESULTS: (1) Significantly higher F amounts were detected in the lysates of bacteria incubated with @entity7034 solution at pH4.5 compared to the supernatant, which was not seen at pH7.0, being this effect @entity460 -dependent. (2) Significantly higher F concentrations in plaque fluid were found 1h after toothbrushing compared to 12h, but no significant differences were seen among the toothpastes. CONCLUSIONS: F at low pH binds more efficiently to @entity6586 than at neutral pH and dentifrice viscosity does not interfere in plaque fluid @entity1388 incorporation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: pH of the dentifrice but not consistency may be important to F uptake in plaque.

title: Dentifrice pH but not consistency may affect XXXX uptake in plaque.

entities_list: @entity6586 :: ('1309', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus mutans', 'S. mutans']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['fluoride']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Biases in cognition such as Jumping to Conclusions (JTC) and Verbal Self-Monitoring (VSM) are thought to underlie the formation of @entity716 . This prospective study in @entity1 with an @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) for @entity716 examined how these cognitive biases changed over time, and predicted clinical and functional outcomes. Twenty-three @entity1 were assessed at clinical presentation and a mean of 31 months later. Performance on a JTC and VSM tasks were measured at both time points. Relationships to symptom severity, level of function and the incidence of @entity914 were then examined. The levels of symptoms, function and VSM all improved over time, while JTC was stable. Five @entity1 (22%) developed a @entity914 during the follow-up period, but the risk of transition was not related to performance on either task at baseline, or to longitudinal changes in task performance. JTC performance correlated with symptom severity at baseline and follow-up. Similarly, performance on the two tasks was not related to the level of functioning at follow-up. Thus, while the @entity1032 is associated with both VSM and JTC biases, neither predict the onset of @entity716 or the overall functional outcome.

title: Misattributing speech and jumping to conclusions: A longitudinal study in @entity1 at high risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['ARMS', 'At Risk Mental State']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis', 'psychotic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorder']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Biases in cognition such as Jumping to Conclusions (JTC) and Verbal Self-Monitoring (VSM) are thought to underlie the formation of @entity716 . This prospective study in @entity1 with an @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) for @entity716 examined how these cognitive biases changed over time, and predicted clinical and functional outcomes. Twenty-three @entity1 were assessed at clinical presentation and a mean of 31 months later. Performance on a JTC and VSM tasks were measured at both time points. Relationships to symptom severity, level of function and the incidence of @entity914 were then examined. The levels of symptoms, function and VSM all improved over time, while JTC was stable. Five @entity1 (22%) developed a @entity914 during the follow-up period, but the risk of transition was not related to performance on either task at baseline, or to longitudinal changes in task performance. JTC performance correlated with symptom severity at baseline and follow-up. Similarly, performance on the two tasks was not related to the level of functioning at follow-up. Thus, while the @entity1032 is associated with both VSM and JTC biases, neither predict the onset of @entity716 or the overall functional outcome.

title: Misattributing speech and jumping to conclusions: A longitudinal study in XXXX at high risk of @entity716 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1833 are an important non-motor complication of @entity191 ( @entity191 ) and carry a negative prognosis. Their biological basis is uncertain, but may relate to the activity of resting state networks in brain. We therefore aimed to investigate functional activity of brain in @entity1 with @entity1833 (PDVH) in resting state compared to @entity1 without @entity1833 (PDnonVH) and a healthy control group (HC). METHODS: Resting state functional MRI was acquired and the primary analysis compared the @entity4365 ( @entity4365 ) across groups. This informed a secondary analysis, in the @entity191 groups only, comparing functional connectivity between a 'seed' region in the occipital lobe and the rest of the brain. RESULTS: Individuals with PDVH showed lower @entity4365 in bilateral lingual gyrus and cuneus and greater @entity4365 in temporo-parietal regions, medial temporal gyrus and cerebellum than PDnonVH and HC. PDnonVH also had lower @entity4365 in occipitoparietal region and greater @entity4365 in medial temporal gyrus, temporo-parietal and cerebellum regions than HC. Functional connectivity analysis revealed that, although both @entity191 groups had lower occipital functional connectivity relative to the HC group, occipital - corticostriatal connectivity was significantly higher in those with PDVH compared with PDnonVH. CONCLUSION: Our study reveals widespread hemodynamic alterations in @entity191 . However, within a functionally abnormal occipital lobe, those with PDVH have even lower @entity4365 than non-hallucinators, but have higher occipital functional connectivity with cortical-striatal regions. These findings suggest disruption of pathways underpinning both primary @entity227 may contribute to @entity1833 in @entity191 .

title: Resting activity in visual and corticostriatal pathways in XXXX with @entity1833 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual perceptual and intrinsic visual integration']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['Visual hallucinations', 'visual hallucinations', 'hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations', 'ALFF']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1833 are an important non-motor complication of @entity191 ( @entity191 ) and carry a negative prognosis. Their biological basis is uncertain, but may relate to the activity of resting state networks in brain. We therefore aimed to investigate functional activity of brain in @entity1 with @entity1833 (PDVH) in resting state compared to @entity1 without @entity1833 (PDnonVH) and a healthy control group (HC). METHODS: Resting state functional MRI was acquired and the primary analysis compared the @entity4365 ( @entity4365 ) across groups. This informed a secondary analysis, in the @entity191 groups only, comparing functional connectivity between a 'seed' region in the occipital lobe and the rest of the brain. RESULTS: Individuals with PDVH showed lower @entity4365 in bilateral lingual gyrus and cuneus and greater @entity4365 in temporo-parietal regions, medial temporal gyrus and cerebellum than PDnonVH and HC. PDnonVH also had lower @entity4365 in occipitoparietal region and greater @entity4365 in medial temporal gyrus, temporo-parietal and cerebellum regions than HC. Functional connectivity analysis revealed that, although both @entity191 groups had lower occipital functional connectivity relative to the HC group, occipital - corticostriatal connectivity was significantly higher in those with PDVH compared with PDnonVH. CONCLUSION: Our study reveals widespread hemodynamic alterations in @entity191 . However, within a functionally abnormal occipital lobe, those with PDVH have even lower @entity4365 than non-hallucinators, but have higher occipital functional connectivity with cortical-striatal regions. These findings suggest disruption of pathways underpinning both primary @entity227 may contribute to @entity1833 in @entity191 .

title: Resting activity in visual and corticostriatal pathways in @entity191 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1833 :: (MESH:D006212,Disease) :: ['hallucinations']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with @entity1455 have a very high mortality. Here we report the first use of a percutaneous pulsatile cardiac assist device, based on a diagonal pump synchronized with the heart cycle by means of an electrocardiographic signal in adult @entity1707 . Eight @entity12526 underwent mandatory ventilation. During sinus rhythm, there were no differences between pulsatile and nonpulsatile perfusion with regard to pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary wedge pressure, central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), mean pulse pressure, and mean coronary artery flow (CAF). After 2   min of complete @entity1167 ( @entity2224 ), circulatory support with the i-cor in venoarterial nonpulsatile extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) mode (3   L/min) restored systemic circulation, with an increase of MAP to 78.3   mm   Hg and CAF to 5.27   mL/min. After changing from ECMO settings to pulsatile mode (3   L/min, 75   bpm, pulse amplitude range 3500   rpm), MAP did not change significantly (75.6   mm   Hg); however, CAF increased to 8.45   mL/min. After changing back to nonpulsatile mode, MAP remained stable (83.6   mm   Hg), but CAF decreased to 4.85   mL/min. Thereafter, pulsatile cardiac assist was established with a reduced blood flow of 2.5   L/min, and the pulse amplitude range was extended to 4500 rpm. Under these conditions, MAP remained stable (71.0   mm   Hg), but CAF significantly increased to 15.2   mL/min (P   <   0.05). Percutaneous cardiac support using a venoarterial cardiac assist device equipped with a novel diagonal pump is able to restore and increase systemic and coronary circulation during @entity2224 . Electrocardiographically triggered synchronized cardiac assist provides an additional increase of coronary artery flow. These promising results are to be confirmed in @entity1 .

title: Pulsatile Venoarterial Perfusion Using a Novel Synchronized Cardiac Assist Device Augments Coronary Artery Blood Flow During XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'humans']

entities_list: @entity12526 :: ('9825', 'Species') :: ['domestic pigs']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity2224 :: (MESH:D014693,Disease) :: ['Ventricular Fibrillation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aim: This study aimed to characterize the cellular basis of the @entity902 @entity137 of two novel @entity902 complexes, 3Pt and 1Pt, in comparison with that of @entity900 . 3Pt comprises anionic @entity1391 moieties, while 1Pt comprises neutral aromatic ligands. Methods: We compared the cytotoxic potency of 3Pt and 1Pt with that of @entity900 in @entity421 cell lines and an orthotopic @entity19 model. Results: The cytotoxic potency of 3Pt was markedly higher than that of @entity900 in all cell lines. Both novel @entity902 complexes showed a complete lack of cross resistance in @entity900 -resistant cells. @entity5834 enhanced the cytotoxic potency of these novel @entity902 complexes, as observed for @entity900 . Apoptosis after drug administration was observed by DNA ladder formation and an @entity10440 /PI assay. DNA double-strand breaks were confirmed by phosphorylation of histone H2AX. In vivo, the antitumor activity of 3Pt and 1Pt was superior and similar, respectively, to that of @entity900 . Both novel @entity902 complexes exerted strong antitumor effects on @entity421 in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: 3Pt may be an effective drug for the treatment of @entity3478 because the @entity59385 moiety has a high affinity to bone, as exhibited by @entity171 , and is expected to decrease the incidence of side effects at extraskeletal sites and overcome drug resistance. Cationic 1Pt may also be an effective antitumor drug because of its unique chemical structure and properties. Further investigations to detail the antitumor effects of these ionic Pt complexes on @entity421 are warranted.

title: Effectiveness of Two Novel Anionic and Cationic @entity902 Complexes in the Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['Caffeine']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['Osteosarcoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aim: This study aimed to characterize the cellular basis of the @entity902 @entity137 of two novel @entity902 complexes, 3Pt and 1Pt, in comparison with that of @entity900 . 3Pt comprises anionic @entity1391 moieties, while 1Pt comprises neutral aromatic ligands. Methods: We compared the cytotoxic potency of 3Pt and 1Pt with that of @entity900 in @entity421 cell lines and an orthotopic @entity19 model. Results: The cytotoxic potency of 3Pt was markedly higher than that of @entity900 in all cell lines. Both novel @entity902 complexes showed a complete lack of cross resistance in @entity900 -resistant cells. @entity5834 enhanced the cytotoxic potency of these novel @entity902 complexes, as observed for @entity900 . Apoptosis after drug administration was observed by DNA ladder formation and an @entity10440 /PI assay. DNA double-strand breaks were confirmed by phosphorylation of histone H2AX. In vivo, the antitumor activity of 3Pt and 1Pt was superior and similar, respectively, to that of @entity900 . Both novel @entity902 complexes exerted strong antitumor effects on @entity421 in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: 3Pt may be an effective drug for the treatment of @entity3478 because the @entity59385 moiety has a high affinity to bone, as exhibited by @entity171 , and is expected to decrease the incidence of side effects at extraskeletal sites and overcome drug resistance. Cationic 1Pt may also be an effective antitumor drug because of its unique chemical structure and properties. Further investigations to detail the antitumor effects of these ionic Pt complexes on @entity421 are warranted.

title: Effectiveness of Two Novel Anionic and Cationic XXXX Complexes in the Treatment of @entity421 .

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['Platinum']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent studies with inorganic nanoparticles modified with functional groups have demonstrated improvement in drug delivery into @entity5 cells. In the present study, we prepared, characterized, and evaluated mesoporous @entity3440 nanoparticles (MSNs) as carriers for @entity1259 (EPI) in order to improve the antitumor efficacy of this drug. MSNs were prepared and functionalized with @entity14872 , @entity968 ( @entity970 ) and @entity12279 - @entity968 ( @entity8681 - @entity970 ) groups. Different nanoparticulate formulations were loaded with EPI. The in vitro @entity137 and the in vivo antitumor efficacy of MSNs containing EPI were evaluated versus free EPI. The EPI release from nanoparticles was shown to be pH-dependent. The size of MSNs functionalized with @entity10849 - @entity968 (MSN- @entity8681 - @entity970 ) was 123.8  4.8nm. This formulation showed the best antitumor effects at an EPI dose of 9mg/kg in C-26 @entity694 model. The biodistribution results proved that MSN- @entity8681 - @entity970 -EPI had a higher @entity5 accumulation compared to free EPI, 3h after drug administration. The results indicated that this formulation could be effective nanocarriers for anti- @entity5 therapies.

title: Surface functionalized mesoporous @entity3440 nanoparticles as an effective carrier for XXXX delivery to @entity5 cells.

entities_list: @entity10849 :: ('MESH:D011094|MESH:C505405', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethyleneimine']

entities_list: @entity12279 :: ('MESH:D011094', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylenimine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14872 :: ('CHEBI:26066', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphonate']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity1259 :: (MESH:D015251,Chemical) :: ['epirubicin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent studies with inorganic nanoparticles modified with functional groups have demonstrated improvement in drug delivery into @entity5 cells. In the present study, we prepared, characterized, and evaluated mesoporous @entity3440 nanoparticles (MSNs) as carriers for @entity1259 (EPI) in order to improve the antitumor efficacy of this drug. MSNs were prepared and functionalized with @entity14872 , @entity968 ( @entity970 ) and @entity12279 - @entity968 ( @entity8681 - @entity970 ) groups. Different nanoparticulate formulations were loaded with EPI. The in vitro @entity137 and the in vivo antitumor efficacy of MSNs containing EPI were evaluated versus free EPI. The EPI release from nanoparticles was shown to be pH-dependent. The size of MSNs functionalized with @entity10849 - @entity968 (MSN- @entity8681 - @entity970 ) was 123.8  4.8nm. This formulation showed the best antitumor effects at an EPI dose of 9mg/kg in C-26 @entity694 model. The biodistribution results proved that MSN- @entity8681 - @entity970 -EPI had a higher @entity5 accumulation compared to free EPI, 3h after drug administration. The results indicated that this formulation could be effective nanocarriers for anti- @entity5 therapies.

title: Surface functionalized mesoporous XXXX nanoparticles as an effective carrier for @entity1259 delivery to @entity5 cells.

answer: @entity3440 :: (MESH:D012822,Chemical) :: ['silica']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent studies with inorganic nanoparticles modified with functional groups have demonstrated improvement in drug delivery into @entity5 cells. In the present study, we prepared, characterized, and evaluated mesoporous @entity3440 nanoparticles (MSNs) as carriers for @entity1259 (EPI) in order to improve the antitumor efficacy of this drug. MSNs were prepared and functionalized with @entity14872 , @entity968 ( @entity970 ) and @entity12279 - @entity968 ( @entity8681 - @entity970 ) groups. Different nanoparticulate formulations were loaded with EPI. The in vitro @entity137 and the in vivo antitumor efficacy of MSNs containing EPI were evaluated versus free EPI. The EPI release from nanoparticles was shown to be pH-dependent. The size of MSNs functionalized with @entity10849 - @entity968 (MSN- @entity8681 - @entity970 ) was 123.8  4.8nm. This formulation showed the best antitumor effects at an EPI dose of 9mg/kg in C-26 @entity694 model. The biodistribution results proved that MSN- @entity8681 - @entity970 -EPI had a higher @entity5 accumulation compared to free EPI, 3h after drug administration. The results indicated that this formulation could be effective nanocarriers for anti- @entity5 therapies.

title: Surface functionalized mesoporous @entity3440 nanoparticles as an effective carrier for @entity1259 delivery to XXXX cells.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To (1) identify demographic and clinical factors associated with @entity1159 ( @entity1159 ) in the setting of @entity571 ( @entity571 ) and (2) histologically compare the posterior knee capsule of @entity1 with @entity571 with and without @entity1159 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Primary care, including private and institutional practice. @entity1 : Thirteen @entity1 with primary @entity571 and @entity1159 and 8 @entity1 with primary @entity571 without @entity1159 . METHODS: We compared the @entity1159 and non- @entity1159 groups to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with @entity1159 . We examined the histology of the posterior knee capsules of 9 @entity1 with @entity1159 and 6 without. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: @entity1 demographic and clinical factors. For histology we measured the proportional composition of collagenous, adipose, and synovial tissues; fibroblast and adipocyte cellularity; and synovial thickness. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity1159 had longer duration of @entity571 , reduced flexion of the surgical knee, and reduced extension of the contralateral knee (P = .04, <.01, and <.01 respectively). Histologically, there was a greater proportion of collagenous tissue and a lower proportion of adipose and synovial tissues in the @entity1159 group than in the noncontracture group; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Cellularity was similar between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Longer duration of knee @entity571 , reduced surgical knee flexion, and reduced contralateral, nonsurgical knee extension were associated with @entity1159 in the @entity571 knee undergoing total arthroplasty. Monitoring bilateral knee range of motion in @entity1 with longer-duration @entity571 could allow earlier intervention, reducing functional loss. Capsular tissue composition analysis may indicate a @entity66 process. Further research in which a larger sample size is used will help clarify these novel findings.

title: Knee Flexion Contractures in @entity1 with XXXX : Clinical Features and Histologic Characterization of the Posterior Capsule.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contracture', 'KFlC', 'knee flexion contracture']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic disease']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['Osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To (1) identify demographic and clinical factors associated with @entity1159 ( @entity1159 ) in the setting of @entity571 ( @entity571 ) and (2) histologically compare the posterior knee capsule of @entity1 with @entity571 with and without @entity1159 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Primary care, including private and institutional practice. @entity1 : Thirteen @entity1 with primary @entity571 and @entity1159 and 8 @entity1 with primary @entity571 without @entity1159 . METHODS: We compared the @entity1159 and non- @entity1159 groups to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with @entity1159 . We examined the histology of the posterior knee capsules of 9 @entity1 with @entity1159 and 6 without. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: @entity1 demographic and clinical factors. For histology we measured the proportional composition of collagenous, adipose, and synovial tissues; fibroblast and adipocyte cellularity; and synovial thickness. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity1159 had longer duration of @entity571 , reduced flexion of the surgical knee, and reduced extension of the contralateral knee (P = .04, <.01, and <.01 respectively). Histologically, there was a greater proportion of collagenous tissue and a lower proportion of adipose and synovial tissues in the @entity1159 group than in the noncontracture group; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Cellularity was similar between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Longer duration of knee @entity571 , reduced surgical knee flexion, and reduced contralateral, nonsurgical knee extension were associated with @entity1159 in the @entity571 knee undergoing total arthroplasty. Monitoring bilateral knee range of motion in @entity1 with longer-duration @entity571 could allow earlier intervention, reducing functional loss. Capsular tissue composition analysis may indicate a @entity66 process. Further research in which a larger sample size is used will help clarify these novel findings.

title: Knee Flexion Contractures in XXXX with @entity571 : Clinical Features and Histologic Characterization of the Posterior Capsule.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is a recently developed, short-term treatment for @entity1 with a @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) as a result of @entity1230 . NET can be applied very successfully in @entity1 with @entity130 (Jongedijk, 2014; Schauer, Neuner, _ Elbert, 2011). An important feature of NET is that @entity130 processing is never an isolated event but is always embedded in the context of a traumatic event and in the life history as a whole. At the start, the lifeline is laid. The lifeline is made up of a rope, with flowers (happy events), stones (traumatic events), sometimes candles (grief), or recently also sticks for aggressive acts (NET for offenders; see Stenmark, Cuneyt Guzey, Elbert, _ Holen, 2014). These symbols are laid down along the rope, in chronological order. Subsequently, in the subsequent therapy sessions the lifeline is processed in chronological order, giving attention to all the important events a @entity1 has experienced in his or her life, both the adverse as well as the pleasurable ones. The narration ends with a written testimony. To date, there is good evidence NET is effective in the treatment of @entity1005 @entity1 , with support from 18 RCTs (N=950). For culturally diverse populations, NET is recommended as the most evidence-based @entity130 treatment, besides culturally adapted CBT. NET has been investigated in different populations in Africa, Europe, and Asia. In Asia, research has been carried out in @entity3595 Lanka as well as in China. In China, NET was conducted and investigated with survivors of the Sichuan earthquake (Zang, Hunt, _ Cox, 2013, 2014). NET is understandable, even appealing and also supportive for @entity1 with @entity1230 . In this presentation, the treatment principles and the practice of NET will be explained.

title: Narrative exposure therapy: an evidence-based treatment for multiple and complex XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple trauma']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['complex trauma complaints', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: THE AIM: to analyze the effectiveness and possible complications of @entity253 ( @entity253 ) using @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) in @entity1 with @entity1087 ( @entity1087 ). METHODS: From January 2010 to January 2014 in endoscopy department of Pirogov National medical and surgical Center were operated 64 @entity1 with @entity1087 , 38 of them with @entity1702 . The average @entity1 's age was 65.4    14.5 years. The mean duration of @entity1087 was 13    5.4 days before drainage. The remaining 6 @entity1 (15.8%) were operated with preliminary PTBD. In all 38 @entity1 were diagnosed unresectable @entity5 . RESULTS: successful endoscopic @entity253 were achieved in all 38 @entity1 . 35 @entity1 were drained with transpapillary @entity1702 and 3 @entity1 with EUS-guided choledochoduodenoanastomoses (EUS- @entity4737 ). Early postoperative complications were observed in 3 (7.8%) @entity1 with no lethality. CONCLUSION: endoscopic @entity253 with @entity1702 is an effective method of internal drainage for inoperable @entity5 , providing adequate @entity253 for the entire duration of life expectancy. In case of failed transpapillary drainage EUS-guided biliodigestive anastomoses were performed. The complication rate of endoscopic @entity253 in @entity1 with @entity5 in our study was 7.8% and comparable with complication level due to ERCP/EST for benign pathology.

title: [The experience of biliary self-expendable nitinol stents for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1087 :: ('MESH:D007565', 'Disease') :: ['jaundice', 'malignant jaundice', 'MJ']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatobiliary tumors', 'malignant pancreatobiliary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['self-expanding metal stent', 'SEMS']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['BD', 'endoscopic biliary drainage']

answer: @entity1087 :: (MESH:D007565,Disease) :: ['malignant jaundice']


abstract: We hereby present the case of a 75 years old female who was complaining of right upper quadrant @entity490 . She had a history of cystectomy, cholecystectomy and choledochotomy operations for liver hydatid cyst 5 years ago. In addition, multiple endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography sessions had been performed for recurrent biliary duct stones in the last 4 years. Radiological investigations revealed the presence of @entity82 and the @entity99 . @entity991 as a result of the previous operations was suggested to be the probable etiology for @entity82 . The cirrhotic @entity1 with an advanced age was found to be high risk for surgery. In addition, her symptoms were minimal. Thus, she was managed conservatively. @entity409 is very rare. It is quite difficult to speculate any predisposing risk factors for liver herniation because of the rarity of this condition.

title: XXXX : an extremely rare entity.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity991 :: ('MESH:D015209', 'Disease') :: ['Secondary sclerosing cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Herniation of the liver']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['herniation of the left liver lobe through the abdominal incisional hernia defect']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['Herniation of the liver']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to evaluate 4D computerized tomography (CT) as a means of localizing abnormal @entity3243 in @entity459 ( @entity2742 ). STUDY DESIGN: Case series with expertized image review. SETTING: Tertiary care hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 38 @entity1 were recruited for study, all of whom had undergone focused parathyroidectomy for single-lesion primary @entity2742 between June 2011 and September 2013. In each @entity1 , 3 imaging procedures were performed: cervical ultrasonography (US), (99m)Tc-sestamibi SPECT/CT (SeS), and 4D CT. Collective imaging data were blindly reviewed and compared. RESULTS: 4D CT outperformed US and SeS in terms of sensitivity (P = .27), specificity (P = .01), positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) (P < .01), negative predictive value (NPV) (P = .19), and accuracy (P < .01). In 7.9% (3/38) of @entity1 , 4D CT provided specific anatomic information that was unaffordable by US and SeS. Localization by 4D CT correlated with tissue parathyroid hormone level (P = .02), maximum diameter (P = .01), and volume (P < .01) of abnormal @entity3243 . CONCLUSION: 4D CT proved helpful in localizing target @entity3243 of primary @entity2742 that were missed by traditional imaging.

title: Comparison of 4D CT, Ultrasonography, and 99mTc Sestamibi SPECT/CT in Localizing Single-Gland XXXX .

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid glands']

answer: @entity459 :: (MESH:D049950,Disease) :: ['Primary Hyperparathyroidism']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Summary INTRODUCTION: Despite the importance of @entity3406 and @entity3407 release from orthodontic brackets, there are no in vivo or in vitro studies on this issue in the case of metal-injection molding (MIM) brackets. METHODS: Saliva samples were collected from 30 orthodontic @entity1 divided randomly into two groups of conventional and MIM brackets, before treatment and 2 months later. Approved attendees with odd and even numbers were, respectively, assigned to the control and treatment groups. For blinding, the @entity1 were not informed of their bracket types, and the saliva samples were coded. @entity3406 and @entity3407 levels were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data were analysed using repeated-measures two-way analysis of covariance, independent-samples t-test, chi-squared, Spearman and point-biserial correlation coefficients, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests (a = 0.05). RESULTS: Mean @entity3406 level increased from 7.87  8.14 (pre-treatment) to 12.57  9.96 (2nd month) in the control group, and from 8.62  9.85 (pre-treatment) to 8.86  6.42   g/l in the MIM group. Both of these increases were significant (Wilcoxon P < 0.03). Average @entity3407 level changed from 0.25  0.56 (pre-treatment) to 0.35  0.62 and from 0.42  0.48 to 0.26  0.57   g/l in the MIM group. Only the reduction observed in the MIM group was significant (Wilcoxon P = 0.0438). Age and gender had no significant influence on ion levels (P > 0.1). The differences between both ions' levels measured in the 60th day in both bracket groups were not significant (Mann-Whitney P > 0.05). The extents of changes over time were not significantly different between the bracket types (Mann-Whitney P > 0.05). LIMITATIONS: The sample size was not predetermined based on power calculations. The spectrophotometer was limited to detecting @entity3407 concentrations above 0.25   g/l. Ion discharge from brackets might continuously change. The current in vivo methods are unable to take such fluctuations into account. CONCLUSION: @entity3406 might increase in @entity1 undergoing treatment with both bracket types, although the rate of increase might be greater in @entity1 under treatment with conventional brackets. Using MIM brackets might reduce salivary @entity3407 for a trivial but generalizable amount. Still, ion levels leached from conventional versus MIM brackets might not show a difference after 2 months. Age and gender might not affect the ion levels in normal @entity1 or orthodontic @entity1 . REGISTRATION: The protocol is registered offline at the university library.Protocol: The protocol was not published before the trail commencement.Funding: Self-funded (S. H.). Conflict of interest: None to declare.

title: Effects of fixed orthodontic treatment using conventional versus metal-injection molding brackets on salivary XXXX and @entity3407 levels: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity3406 :: ('MESH:D009532', 'Chemical') :: ['nickel', 'Nickel']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium']

answer: @entity3406 :: (MESH:D009532,Chemical) :: ['nickel']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Summary INTRODUCTION: Despite the importance of @entity3406 and @entity3407 release from orthodontic brackets, there are no in vivo or in vitro studies on this issue in the case of metal-injection molding (MIM) brackets. METHODS: Saliva samples were collected from 30 orthodontic @entity1 divided randomly into two groups of conventional and MIM brackets, before treatment and 2 months later. Approved attendees with odd and even numbers were, respectively, assigned to the control and treatment groups. For blinding, the @entity1 were not informed of their bracket types, and the saliva samples were coded. @entity3406 and @entity3407 levels were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data were analysed using repeated-measures two-way analysis of covariance, independent-samples t-test, chi-squared, Spearman and point-biserial correlation coefficients, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests (a = 0.05). RESULTS: Mean @entity3406 level increased from 7.87  8.14 (pre-treatment) to 12.57  9.96 (2nd month) in the control group, and from 8.62  9.85 (pre-treatment) to 8.86  6.42   g/l in the MIM group. Both of these increases were significant (Wilcoxon P < 0.03). Average @entity3407 level changed from 0.25  0.56 (pre-treatment) to 0.35  0.62 and from 0.42  0.48 to 0.26  0.57   g/l in the MIM group. Only the reduction observed in the MIM group was significant (Wilcoxon P = 0.0438). Age and gender had no significant influence on ion levels (P > 0.1). The differences between both ions' levels measured in the 60th day in both bracket groups were not significant (Mann-Whitney P > 0.05). The extents of changes over time were not significantly different between the bracket types (Mann-Whitney P > 0.05). LIMITATIONS: The sample size was not predetermined based on power calculations. The spectrophotometer was limited to detecting @entity3407 concentrations above 0.25   g/l. Ion discharge from brackets might continuously change. The current in vivo methods are unable to take such fluctuations into account. CONCLUSION: @entity3406 might increase in @entity1 undergoing treatment with both bracket types, although the rate of increase might be greater in @entity1 under treatment with conventional brackets. Using MIM brackets might reduce salivary @entity3407 for a trivial but generalizable amount. Still, ion levels leached from conventional versus MIM brackets might not show a difference after 2 months. Age and gender might not affect the ion levels in normal @entity1 or orthodontic @entity1 . REGISTRATION: The protocol is registered offline at the university library.Protocol: The protocol was not published before the trail commencement.Funding: Self-funded (S. H.). Conflict of interest: None to declare.

title: Effects of fixed orthodontic treatment using conventional versus metal-injection molding brackets on salivary @entity3406 and XXXX levels: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity3407 :: (MESH:D002857,Chemical) :: ['chromium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the technique of all-posterior vertebral body replacement using an expandable cage and angled instruments. This method facilitates implant seating with limited posterior decompression useful in the setting of @entity3 . INDICATIONS: @entity1 with @entity3 of the thoracic spine with or without @entity1745 . CONTRAINDICATIONS: @entity1 with a limited life expectancy of less than 6  months. Multiple foci of @entity3 in the spine. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: A hemilaminectomy was performed followed by nerve root sacrifice. The pleura was mobilized away from the vertebral body, after which decompression and @entity5 resection was performed from an all-posterior approach. An expandable vertebral body cage was inserted with a rotational manoeuvre and expanded in situ. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: The @entity1 was mobilized on postoperative day  1. A chest X-ray is also recommended to exclude incidental @entity5229 . RESULTS: Four @entity1 were operated by an all-posterior vertebral body replacement during a 6-month period. The average length of surgical procedure was 187  min (range 165-220  min). No @entity1 required a transthoracic approach. There were no intra- or @entity260 and all @entity1 could be discharged to home self-ambulating.

title: Vertebral body replacement by posterior approach for XXXX in the thoracic spine-modified technique using an expandable cage.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5229 :: ('MESH:D011030', 'Disease') :: ['pneumothorax']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastatic disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The laparoscopic approach to repairing ventral and incisional @entity547 has gained increasing popularity worldwide. We reviewed the experience of @entity4037 repair at a district general hospital in the UK with particular reference to @entity1 with massive defects (diameter >= 15cm) and the morbidly @entity28 . METHODS: A total of 144 @entity1 underwent laparoscopic ventral (incisional or umbilical/paraumbilical) @entity547 repair between April 2007 and September 2012. RESULTS: The prevalence of conversion to open surgery was 2.8%. The prevalence of @entity260 was 3.5%. Median postoperative follow-up was 30.2 months. A total of 5.6% cases suffered late complications and 2.8% developed recurrence. Thirty-four @entity1 underwent repair of defects >= 10cm in diameter with a prevalence of recurrence of 5.6%. Sixteen @entity1 underwent repair of 'massive' incisional @entity547 (diameter >= 15cm) with a prevalence of recurrence of 12.5%. Sixteen @entity1 with a body mass index (BMI) >= 40kg/m(2) (range, 40-61kg/m(2)) underwent laparoscopic repair with a prevalence of recurrence of 6.3% (p>0.05 vs BMI <40kg/m(2)). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4037 repair can be carried out safely with a low prevalence of recurrence. It may have advantages in morbidly @entity28 @entity1 in whom open repair would represent a significant undertaking. @entity4037 repair may be used in cases of large and massive @entity547 , in which the risk of recurrence increases but is comparable with open repair and associated with low morbidity.

title: Laparoscopic incisional and XXXX repair in a district general hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['hernia', 'hernias']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['Laparoscopic ventral hernia', 'laparoscopic ventral hernia']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['ventral hernia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and patterns of cervical @entity130 (CSI) associated with maxillofacial @entity174 at a UK @entity130 centre. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 714 maxillofacial @entity174 @entity1 presenting to a single @entity130 centre between 2006 and 2012. RESULTS: Of the 714 maxillofacial @entity174 @entity1 , 2.2% had associated CSI including a @entity174 , @entity1566 or disc herniation. In comparison, 1.0% of @entity1 without maxillofacial @entity130 sustained a CSI (odds ratio: 2.2, p=0.01). The majority (88%) of CSI cases of were caused by a road traffic accident (RTA) with the remainder due to falls. While 8.8% of RTA related maxillofacial @entity130 @entity1 sustained a CSI, only 2.0% of fall related @entity1 did (p=0.03, not significant). Most (70%) of the CSIs occurred at @entity6350 or C6/C7 levels. Overall, 455, 220 and 39 @entity1 suffered non-mandibular, isolated mandibular and mixed mandibular/non-mandibular @entity174 respectively. Their respective incidences of CSI were 1.5%, 1.8% and 12.8% (p=0.005, significant). Twelve @entity1 with concomitant CSI had their maxillofacial @entity174 treated within twenty-four hours and all were treated within four days. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of maxillofacial @entity130 mandates exclusion and prompt management of cervical @entity130 , particularly in RTA and @entity130 cases involving combined facial @entity174 patterns. This approach will facilitate management of maxillofacial @entity174 within an optimum time period.

title: A review of cervical XXXX associated with maxillofacial @entity130 at a UK tertiary referral centre.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['cord contusion']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['spine injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['spine injury']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and patterns of cervical @entity130 (CSI) associated with maxillofacial @entity174 at a UK @entity130 centre. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 714 maxillofacial @entity174 @entity1 presenting to a single @entity130 centre between 2006 and 2012. RESULTS: Of the 714 maxillofacial @entity174 @entity1 , 2.2% had associated CSI including a @entity174 , @entity1566 or disc herniation. In comparison, 1.0% of @entity1 without maxillofacial @entity130 sustained a CSI (odds ratio: 2.2, p=0.01). The majority (88%) of CSI cases of were caused by a road traffic accident (RTA) with the remainder due to falls. While 8.8% of RTA related maxillofacial @entity130 @entity1 sustained a CSI, only 2.0% of fall related @entity1 did (p=0.03, not significant). Most (70%) of the CSIs occurred at @entity6350 or C6/C7 levels. Overall, 455, 220 and 39 @entity1 suffered non-mandibular, isolated mandibular and mixed mandibular/non-mandibular @entity174 respectively. Their respective incidences of CSI were 1.5%, 1.8% and 12.8% (p=0.005, significant). Twelve @entity1 with concomitant CSI had their maxillofacial @entity174 treated within twenty-four hours and all were treated within four days. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of maxillofacial @entity130 mandates exclusion and prompt management of cervical @entity130 , particularly in RTA and @entity130 cases involving combined facial @entity174 patterns. This approach will facilitate management of maxillofacial @entity174 within an optimum time period.

title: A review of cervical @entity130 associated with maxillofacial XXXX at a UK tertiary referral centre.

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']