abstract: OBJECTIVE: Negative symptoms are a significant barrier to successful functional outcome and recovery in individuals with @entity161 and their management is not unproblematic. @entity18891 is a @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor (NRI). Previous studies regarding the useful effects of @entity18891 on deficit symptoms of @entity161 have resulted in inconsistent results. The present study therefore evaluated the effectiveness of @entity18891 as an adjunctive treatment in a group of @entity161 @entity1 with prominent negative symptoms. METHOD: A total of 50 male inpatients meeting diagnosis of @entity161 entered into a 12-week parallel group, double-blind study for random assignment to @entity18891 (n = 25 @entity1 ) or placebo (n = 25 @entity1 ). The inclusion criterion, in addition to the diagnosis of @entity161 , was the existence of obvious negative symptoms for a duration of at least 2 years. The Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) was used as the primary outcome measure. The @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ), Simpson Angus Scale (SAS), Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity308 (HAM-D) and Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) were used for comparison of the intervening parameters in this study. RESULTS: According to the findings, 76% of @entity1 in the target group showed some positive response to @entity18891 compared with 24% in the control group (p < 0.01). The mean total score of SANS in the @entity18891 group decreased significantly from 79.94    1.20 to 74.23    4.07 (p < 0.0001) at the end of the study; such an improvement was not significant in the placebo group with a decrease from 80.42    2.46 to 79.08    5.83 (p < 0.29). Changes of @entity1109 were insignificant in both groups. Effect size analysis for changes of SANS at the end of assessment indicated a large improvement with @entity18891 (Cohen's d = 2.91). CONCLUSION: @entity18891 , as an adjuvant to @entity1767 , may have a helpful effect on the @entity51 of @entity161 .

title: Amelioration of @entity51 of XXXX by @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Negative symptoms are a significant barrier to successful functional outcome and recovery in individuals with @entity161 and their management is not unproblematic. @entity18891 is a @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor (NRI). Previous studies regarding the useful effects of @entity18891 on deficit symptoms of @entity161 have resulted in inconsistent results. The present study therefore evaluated the effectiveness of @entity18891 as an adjunctive treatment in a group of @entity161 @entity1 with prominent negative symptoms. METHOD: A total of 50 male inpatients meeting diagnosis of @entity161 entered into a 12-week parallel group, double-blind study for random assignment to @entity18891 (n = 25 @entity1 ) or placebo (n = 25 @entity1 ). The inclusion criterion, in addition to the diagnosis of @entity161 , was the existence of obvious negative symptoms for a duration of at least 2 years. The Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) was used as the primary outcome measure. The @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ), Simpson Angus Scale (SAS), Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity308 (HAM-D) and Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) were used for comparison of the intervening parameters in this study. RESULTS: According to the findings, 76% of @entity1 in the target group showed some positive response to @entity18891 compared with 24% in the control group (p < 0.01). The mean total score of SANS in the @entity18891 group decreased significantly from 79.94    1.20 to 74.23    4.07 (p < 0.0001) at the end of the study; such an improvement was not significant in the placebo group with a decrease from 80.42    2.46 to 79.08    5.83 (p < 0.29). Changes of @entity1109 were insignificant in both groups. Effect size analysis for changes of SANS at the end of assessment indicated a large improvement with @entity18891 (Cohen's d = 2.91). CONCLUSION: @entity18891 , as an adjuvant to @entity1767 , may have a helpful effect on the @entity51 of @entity161 .

title: Amelioration of XXXX of @entity161 by @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms', 'SAPS']

entities_list: @entity18891 :: ('MESH:C074679', 'Chemical') :: ['reboxetine', 'Reboxetine']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['deficit syndrome']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity51 :: (MESH:D009461,Disease) :: ['deficit syndrome']


abstract: The passive @entity17220 ( @entity91 ) was measured by the occlusion technique in 34 preterm newborn @entity1 with @entity649 . Gestational age ranged from 27 to 33 weeks. Preterm newborn @entity1 were divided into four groups on the basis of clinical criteria. Group 1 consisted of 10 @entity1 tested during the first postnatal days (1 to 3 days) while acutely ill and requiring ventilation and @entity26 therapy. After the acute phase of @entity649 , two groups were tested: group 2 consisted of nine @entity1 (5 to 22 days of age) who no longer required ventilation, and group 3 consisted of six @entity1 (7 to 28 days of age) who subsequently had @entity2107 . Group 4 consisted of nine @entity1 older than 1 month of age with confirmed @entity2107 . Group 1 had significantly lower @entity91 and @entity91 normalized for body weight ( @entity91 /BW) than group 2 had (P less than 0.001). In groups 3 and 4 @entity91 was significantly lower than in group 2 (P less than 0.001), as was @entity91 /BW (P less than 0.001). There was no significant difference in @entity91 and @entity91 /BW values between groups 3 and 4. This cross-sectional study in preterm @entity1 with @entity649 suggests that @entity91 may have predictive value in regard to development of @entity2107 after the acute phase of @entity649 .

title: Passive compliance of total respiratory system in preterm newborn @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity17220 :: ('MESH:D015619', 'Disease') :: ['compliance of the total respiratory system']

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']


abstract: The passive @entity17220 ( @entity91 ) was measured by the occlusion technique in 34 preterm newborn @entity1 with @entity649 . Gestational age ranged from 27 to 33 weeks. Preterm newborn @entity1 were divided into four groups on the basis of clinical criteria. Group 1 consisted of 10 @entity1 tested during the first postnatal days (1 to 3 days) while acutely ill and requiring ventilation and @entity26 therapy. After the acute phase of @entity649 , two groups were tested: group 2 consisted of nine @entity1 (5 to 22 days of age) who no longer required ventilation, and group 3 consisted of six @entity1 (7 to 28 days of age) who subsequently had @entity2107 . Group 4 consisted of nine @entity1 older than 1 month of age with confirmed @entity2107 . Group 1 had significantly lower @entity91 and @entity91 normalized for body weight ( @entity91 /BW) than group 2 had (P less than 0.001). In groups 3 and 4 @entity91 was significantly lower than in group 2 (P less than 0.001), as was @entity91 /BW (P less than 0.001). There was no significant difference in @entity91 and @entity91 /BW values between groups 3 and 4. This cross-sectional study in preterm @entity1 with @entity649 suggests that @entity91 may have predictive value in regard to development of @entity2107 after the acute phase of @entity649 .

title: Passive compliance of total respiratory system in preterm newborn XXXX with @entity649 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of an abnormal @entity1486 (PSA) level and abnormal findings on a digital rectal examination (DRE) in the detection of @entity263 in @entity1 in Qatar. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between June 2008 and September 2012, 651 @entity1 had a transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUSBP) at our centre. The indications for a biopsy were a high PSA level (>4  ng/mL), or an abnormal DRE result. @entity1 were assessed by a thorough history, clinical examination and routine laboratory investigations. Data, including age, DRE findings, TRUS findings, total PSA level, prostate volume and the pathology results, were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of the 651 @entity1 was 64.1 (7.4) years. @entity263 was detected in 181 @entity1 (27.8%), @entity1067 in 275 (42.2%) and @entity1069 in 236 (36.4%). The sensitivity and specificity for detecting @entity263 were 93.9% and 8.5% for an abnormal PSA level (>4  ng/mL), 46.1% and 84.7% for abnormal DRE findings, and 95% and 30.2% for the two combined. Using a receiver operating characteristics curve, a PSA threshold of 7.9  ng/mL had a sensitivity of 56.6% and specificity of 52.8%. When a PSA threshold of 7.9  ng/mL was used in combination with abnormal DRE findings, the overall accuracy was 76.9%. CONCLUSION: The PSA threshold level of 7.9  ng/mL, determined by this analysis, has a higher likelihood of detecting @entity263 in @entity1 in Qatar. However, it failed to detect @entity5 in substantially many @entity1 with statistically significant disease.

title: The role of an abnormal XXXX level and an abnormal digital rectal examination in the diagnosis of @entity263 : A cross-sectional study in Qatar.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'Prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity1486 :: (354,Gene) :: ['prostate-specific antigen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of an abnormal @entity1486 (PSA) level and abnormal findings on a digital rectal examination (DRE) in the detection of @entity263 in @entity1 in Qatar. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between June 2008 and September 2012, 651 @entity1 had a transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUSBP) at our centre. The indications for a biopsy were a high PSA level (>4  ng/mL), or an abnormal DRE result. @entity1 were assessed by a thorough history, clinical examination and routine laboratory investigations. Data, including age, DRE findings, TRUS findings, total PSA level, prostate volume and the pathology results, were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of the 651 @entity1 was 64.1 (7.4) years. @entity263 was detected in 181 @entity1 (27.8%), @entity1067 in 275 (42.2%) and @entity1069 in 236 (36.4%). The sensitivity and specificity for detecting @entity263 were 93.9% and 8.5% for an abnormal PSA level (>4  ng/mL), 46.1% and 84.7% for abnormal DRE findings, and 95% and 30.2% for the two combined. Using a receiver operating characteristics curve, a PSA threshold of 7.9  ng/mL had a sensitivity of 56.6% and specificity of 52.8%. When a PSA threshold of 7.9  ng/mL was used in combination with abnormal DRE findings, the overall accuracy was 76.9%. CONCLUSION: The PSA threshold level of 7.9  ng/mL, determined by this analysis, has a higher likelihood of detecting @entity263 in @entity1 in Qatar. However, it failed to detect @entity5 in substantially many @entity1 with statistically significant disease.

title: The role of an abnormal @entity1486 level and an abnormal digital rectal examination in the diagnosis of XXXX : A cross-sectional study in Qatar.

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess and compare, in a randomised clinical trial, the efficacy of @entity9940 and @entity594 as medical expulsive therapy for @entity13364 . @entity1 AND METHODS: In all, 128 symptomatic @entity1 with stones in the juxtavesical tract of the ureter were randomly divided into group 1 (64 @entity1 ) receiving oral @entity594 sustained-release 30  mg/day, and group 2 (64 @entity1 ) receiving @entity9940 0.4  mg/day. Both groups received oral @entity617 30  mg/day for 10  days and @entity3522 75  mg intramuscularly on demand. @entity1 were assessed by weekly ultrasonography with or with no abdominal computed tomography, during a follow-up of 4  weeks. The stone passage rate and time, analgesic use, hospitalisation and endoscopic interventions were evaluated. The results were analysed statistically using appropriate tests. RESULTS: The stone expulsion rate was 55% for group 1 and 80% for group 2 (P  =  0.004). The mean stone size was 8.59 and 8.85  mm in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The mean expulsion time was 23  days for group 1 and 9  days for group 2 (P  <  0.001). The mean number of @entity3522 injections was 1.19 for group 1 and 0.42 for group 2 (P  <  0.001). Eleven @entity1 in group 1 vs. two in group 2 were hospitalised (P  =  0.001). Twenty-six @entity1 in group 1 and 13 in group 2 underwent ureteroscopy (P  <  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Medical expulsive therapy with @entity9940 should be considered as a first-line treatment for index cases of @entity13364 with no complications. The use of @entity9940 provides better stone expulsion than does @entity594 .

title: The efficacy of @entity9940 vs. XXXX for the medical expulsive therapy of distal ureteric stones: A randomised clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity13364 :: ('MESH:D053039', 'Disease') :: ['distal ureterolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity9940 :: ('MESH:C088482', 'Chemical') :: ['tamsulosin']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity594 :: (MESH:D009543,Chemical) :: ['nifedipine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess and compare, in a randomised clinical trial, the efficacy of @entity9940 and @entity594 as medical expulsive therapy for @entity13364 . @entity1 AND METHODS: In all, 128 symptomatic @entity1 with stones in the juxtavesical tract of the ureter were randomly divided into group 1 (64 @entity1 ) receiving oral @entity594 sustained-release 30  mg/day, and group 2 (64 @entity1 ) receiving @entity9940 0.4  mg/day. Both groups received oral @entity617 30  mg/day for 10  days and @entity3522 75  mg intramuscularly on demand. @entity1 were assessed by weekly ultrasonography with or with no abdominal computed tomography, during a follow-up of 4  weeks. The stone passage rate and time, analgesic use, hospitalisation and endoscopic interventions were evaluated. The results were analysed statistically using appropriate tests. RESULTS: The stone expulsion rate was 55% for group 1 and 80% for group 2 (P  =  0.004). The mean stone size was 8.59 and 8.85  mm in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The mean expulsion time was 23  days for group 1 and 9  days for group 2 (P  <  0.001). The mean number of @entity3522 injections was 1.19 for group 1 and 0.42 for group 2 (P  <  0.001). Eleven @entity1 in group 1 vs. two in group 2 were hospitalised (P  =  0.001). Twenty-six @entity1 in group 1 and 13 in group 2 underwent ureteroscopy (P  <  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Medical expulsive therapy with @entity9940 should be considered as a first-line treatment for index cases of @entity13364 with no complications. The use of @entity9940 provides better stone expulsion than does @entity594 .

title: The efficacy of XXXX vs. @entity594 for the medical expulsive therapy of distal ureteric stones: A randomised clinical trial.

answer: @entity9940 :: (MESH:C088482,Chemical) :: ['tamsulosin']


abstract: Renal involvement in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) is usually immune complex mediated and may have multiple different presentations. Pauci-immune @entity39 and crescentic @entity631 (NCGN) refers to extensive @entity8 with few or no immune deposits that may result in rapid decline in renal function. We report a case of a 79-year-old Hispanic male with a history of secondary @entity8 (diagnosed by renal biopsy 15 years previously) who was admitted with @entity810 and active urinary sediment. P-ANCA titers and anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies were positive. The renal biopsy was diagnostic for NCGN superimposed on a secondary @entity8 . A previous diagnosis of @entity1252 based on American College of Rheumatology criteria was discovered via Veteran's Administration records review after the completion of treatment for pauci-immune NCGN. ANCAs are detected in 20-31% of @entity1 with @entity1252 . There may be an association between @entity1252 and ANCA seropositivity. In @entity1 with @entity1988 and biopsy findings of @entity39 and crescentic @entity631 , without significant immune complex deposition, ANCA testing should be performed. In @entity1 with secondary @entity8 @entity1252 should be excluded.

title: @entity39 and @entity631 with @entity1988 , Fifteen Years after Initial Diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['membranous nephropathy', 'glomerular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Secondary Membranous Nephropathy']


abstract: Renal involvement in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) is usually immune complex mediated and may have multiple different presentations. Pauci-immune @entity39 and crescentic @entity631 (NCGN) refers to extensive @entity8 with few or no immune deposits that may result in rapid decline in renal function. We report a case of a 79-year-old Hispanic male with a history of secondary @entity8 (diagnosed by renal biopsy 15 years previously) who was admitted with @entity810 and active urinary sediment. P-ANCA titers and anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies were positive. The renal biopsy was diagnostic for NCGN superimposed on a secondary @entity8 . A previous diagnosis of @entity1252 based on American College of Rheumatology criteria was discovered via Veteran's Administration records review after the completion of treatment for pauci-immune NCGN. ANCAs are detected in 20-31% of @entity1 with @entity1252 . There may be an association between @entity1252 and ANCA seropositivity. In @entity1 with @entity1988 and biopsy findings of @entity39 and crescentic @entity631 , without significant immune complex deposition, ANCA testing should be performed. In @entity1 with secondary @entity8 @entity1252 should be excluded.

title: @entity39 and XXXX with @entity1988 , Fifteen Years after Initial Diagnosis of @entity8 .

answer: @entity631 :: (MESH:D005921,Disease) :: ['Crescentic Glomerulonephritis']


abstract: Renal involvement in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) is usually immune complex mediated and may have multiple different presentations. Pauci-immune @entity39 and crescentic @entity631 (NCGN) refers to extensive @entity8 with few or no immune deposits that may result in rapid decline in renal function. We report a case of a 79-year-old Hispanic male with a history of secondary @entity8 (diagnosed by renal biopsy 15 years previously) who was admitted with @entity810 and active urinary sediment. P-ANCA titers and anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies were positive. The renal biopsy was diagnostic for NCGN superimposed on a secondary @entity8 . A previous diagnosis of @entity1252 based on American College of Rheumatology criteria was discovered via Veteran's Administration records review after the completion of treatment for pauci-immune NCGN. ANCAs are detected in 20-31% of @entity1 with @entity1252 . There may be an association between @entity1252 and ANCA seropositivity. In @entity1 with @entity1988 and biopsy findings of @entity39 and crescentic @entity631 , without significant immune complex deposition, ANCA testing should be performed. In @entity1 with secondary @entity8 @entity1252 should be excluded.

title: XXXX and @entity631 with @entity1988 , Fifteen Years after Initial Diagnosis of @entity8 .

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['Pauci-Immune Necrotizing']


abstract: Renal involvement in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) is usually immune complex mediated and may have multiple different presentations. Pauci-immune @entity39 and crescentic @entity631 (NCGN) refers to extensive @entity8 with few or no immune deposits that may result in rapid decline in renal function. We report a case of a 79-year-old Hispanic male with a history of secondary @entity8 (diagnosed by renal biopsy 15 years previously) who was admitted with @entity810 and active urinary sediment. P-ANCA titers and anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies were positive. The renal biopsy was diagnostic for NCGN superimposed on a secondary @entity8 . A previous diagnosis of @entity1252 based on American College of Rheumatology criteria was discovered via Veteran's Administration records review after the completion of treatment for pauci-immune NCGN. ANCAs are detected in 20-31% of @entity1 with @entity1252 . There may be an association between @entity1252 and ANCA seropositivity. In @entity1 with @entity1988 and biopsy findings of @entity39 and crescentic @entity631 , without significant immune complex deposition, ANCA testing should be performed. In @entity1 with secondary @entity8 @entity1252 should be excluded.

title: @entity39 and @entity631 with XXXX , Fifteen Years after Initial Diagnosis of @entity8 .

answer: @entity1988 :: (MESH:D008181,Disease) :: ['Membranous Lupus Nephritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mobilization with movement (MWM) has been shown to reduce @entity158 , increase @entity11535 ( @entity11535 ) and physical function in a range of different @entity85 . Despite this evidence, there is a lack of studies evaluating the effects of MWM for @entity570 ( @entity571 ). OBJECTIVES: To determine the immediate effects of MWM on @entity158 , @entity11535 and functional performance in @entity1 with @entity570 . DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial with immediate follow-up. METHOD: Forty consenting @entity1 (mean age 78      6 years; 54% female) satisfied the eligibility criteria. All @entity1 completed the study. Two forms of MWM techniques (n  =  20) or a simulated MWM (sham) (n  =  20) were applied. PRIMARY OUTCOMES: @entity158 recorded by numerical rating scale (NRS). SECONDARY OUTCOMES: hip flexion and internal rotation @entity11535 , and physical performance (timed up and go, sit to stand, and 40  m self placed walk test) were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: For the MWM group, @entity158 decreased by 2 points on the NRS, hip flexion increased by 12.2  , internal rotation by 4.4  , and functional tests were also improved with clinically relevant effects following the MWM. There were no significant changes in the sham group for any outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS: @entity158 , hip flexion @entity11535 and physical performance immediately improved after the application of MWM in elderly @entity1 suffering @entity570 . The observed immediate changes were of clinical relevance. Future studies are required to determine the long-term effects of this intervention.

title: Immediate effects of hip mobilization with movement in @entity1 with XXXX : A randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity11535 :: ('MESH:D009041', 'Disease') :: ['ROM', 'range of motion']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal disorders']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['hip osteoarthritis', 'hip OA']

answer: @entity570 :: (MESH:D015207,Disease) :: ['hip osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mobilization with movement (MWM) has been shown to reduce @entity158 , increase @entity11535 ( @entity11535 ) and physical function in a range of different @entity85 . Despite this evidence, there is a lack of studies evaluating the effects of MWM for @entity570 ( @entity571 ). OBJECTIVES: To determine the immediate effects of MWM on @entity158 , @entity11535 and functional performance in @entity1 with @entity570 . DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial with immediate follow-up. METHOD: Forty consenting @entity1 (mean age 78      6 years; 54% female) satisfied the eligibility criteria. All @entity1 completed the study. Two forms of MWM techniques (n  =  20) or a simulated MWM (sham) (n  =  20) were applied. PRIMARY OUTCOMES: @entity158 recorded by numerical rating scale (NRS). SECONDARY OUTCOMES: hip flexion and internal rotation @entity11535 , and physical performance (timed up and go, sit to stand, and 40  m self placed walk test) were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: For the MWM group, @entity158 decreased by 2 points on the NRS, hip flexion increased by 12.2  , internal rotation by 4.4  , and functional tests were also improved with clinically relevant effects following the MWM. There were no significant changes in the sham group for any outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS: @entity158 , hip flexion @entity11535 and physical performance immediately improved after the application of MWM in elderly @entity1 suffering @entity570 . The observed immediate changes were of clinical relevance. Future studies are required to determine the long-term effects of this intervention.

title: Immediate effects of hip mobilization with movement in XXXX with @entity570 : A randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Results after radiotherapy, alone or combined with surgery, applied prior to 1982 in 1700 @entity1 with localized ENT @entity5 showed 669 (39%) of @entity177 and isolated second ENT localizations. Therapeutic recovery operation was performed in 263 of these 669 cases (39%). For the 324 cases of @entity1619 failures, 31% had recovery treatment, with a level varying between 15% for base of tongue and 55% for @entity5 . Frequency of treatments varied with initial TNM (18% for T3-T4 and 47% for T1-T2) and initial treatment (26% after combined radiotherapy-surgery and 32% after radiotherapy alone). Surgery had been the main treatment (74%) followed by curietherapy (19%). Overall control rate was 55.5%. The 3 year survival rate for all @entity1619 failures treated was 31%, with survival medians of between 8 and 44 months as a function of initial localization. For the 156 cases of @entity177 , 62% had recovery treatment, results varying according to whether it was a case of immediate N failure or a lymph node recurrence. The local control rate was 62.5% globally, the 3 year survival for @entity177 treated 17.5%. For the 115 T + N failures, recovery treatment was attempted in only 9 cases (7%) but all @entity1 died within 2 years of evolution of the local and regional disease. For the 74 second ENT localizations, 80% had recovery treatment with a global local control of 73% and a 3 years survival of 35%. Recovery treatment for therapeutic ends is therefore a frequently practised procedure (39% of cases).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Salvage treatment with a view to recovery in a group of 1700 XXXX treated by radiotherapy].

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['isolated N failures', 'T and/or N failures']

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['isolated T']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['otorhinolaryngologic cancers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity808 ( @entity808 ) rarely occur intraocularly. When present, they pose a diagnostic dilemma for the physician and often are mistaken as a @entity5 , resulting in enucleation. METHODS: The authors report the clinical findings of a 46-year-old @entity1 with a slowly progressive growing mass of the anterior chamber, associated with @entity726 and the development of @entity231 . To further delineate the @entity5 's features, ancillary techniques, including ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, were conducted. A definitive anterior chamber biopsy of the @entity5 was performed with histologic examination and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Ultrasonography, high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-delineated mass of the inferior ciliary body involving nearly 5 clock hours of the angle. Two clinical features that suggested a longstanding @entity5 were brilliant transillumination of the mass (leading to the impression of a " @entity3928 ," not corroborated by ultrasonography) and retrodisplacement of the involved iris root. The histology, and particularly the electron microscopic features, confirmed the diagnosis of a @entity808 , a @entity5 of the anterior segment. CONCLUSION: Intraocular @entity808 are extremely rare @entity5 . Few are well documented with modern ancillary techniques. Clinical findings in conjunction with radiographic and ultrasonic features may support the diagnosis of a @entity5 . For this @entity1 , confirmation via biopsy permitted combined @entity231 and @entity726 surgery to rehabilitate the eye, which retains 20/20 visual acuity 3 years after the procedure.

title: XXXX . Unusual clinical findings intimating the diagnosis.

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['neurilemomas', 'Neurilemomas', 'neurilemoma', 'schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lesion', 'tumor', 'benign tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['cystic mass']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['Ciliary body neurilemoma']


abstract: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the efficacy, technique, and follow-up results of @entity384 angioplasty for @entity849 . Percutaneous dilation was performed on 63 @entity1 with @entity849 (ages 3 months to 76 years, mean = 4.3 years). In 43 @entity1 , a single balloon was used; in 20 @entity1 two balloons were used simultaneously. The pressure gradient across the pulmonary valve was determined with right ventricular and main pulmonary artery catheters. Pressure gradients simultaneously were estimated by continuous wave Doppler (CWD) during catheterization. The peak systolic ejection gradient was obtained by both techniques both pre- and postangioplasty. There was excellent linear correlation between the simultaneous catheter pressure gradient and the pressure gradient estimated by Doppler (r = 0.99). Follow-up pressure gradient estimations by Doppler echocardiogram were obtained in 30 @entity1 between 6 months and 30 months postcatheterization (mean = 13 months). The mean preangioplasty gradient of 64 mm Hg (range 30-160 mm Hg) was reduced to 22 mm Hg (range 2-31 mm Hg). A significant @entity34004 (52-95%, mean 68%) occurred in each @entity1 . A linear correlation was found between the predilation gradient and the pressure gradient drop (r = 0.92). Mean follow-up gradient by Doppler was 20 mm Hg (range 0-31 mm Hg), and there was no significant difference between these gradients and the postdilation gradient. No important complications were noted. These data confirm that @entity384 angioplasty for @entity849 is safe and effective, and suggest that @entity850 does not recur.

title: Balloon valvuloplasty for XXXX --two-year follow-up: hemodynamic and Doppler evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity34004 :: ('MESH:D000141', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of transvalvular gradient']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary stenosis', 'valvular pulmonary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity849 :: (MESH:D011666,Disease) :: ['pulmonic valve stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with idiopathic @entity85 and lateral ankle ligament instability often present with varying degrees of @entity625 . The purpose of this study was to determine whether the severity of @entity179 would impact the clinical outcome in @entity1 treated operatively for both @entity85 and lateral ankle ligament instability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 were treated with lateral ankle ligament reconstruction and realignment foot osteotomy. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, Karlsson and Peterson (KP) scoring scale, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for @entity158 , and level of satisfaction were obtained. Preoperative and postoperative ankle radiographs were reviewed and graded using the van Dijk score. @entity1 with Grade 0 and I @entity625 preoperatively were grouped together as   no to minimal @entity625 '' (Group 1) and those with Grade II and III @entity625 preoperatively as   moderate to severe @entity625 '' (Group 2). There were 14 ankles in Group 1 and eight ankles in Group 2. Mean followup was 60.4 months. RESULTS: Mean AOFAS and KP scores were significantly improved in Group 1 compared to Group 2 at latest followup, while VAS @entity158 scale trended lower in Group 1. There were 12 excellent/good results, one fair result, and one poor result in Group 1. @entity1 in Group 2 had three excellent/good results, two fair results, and three poor results. One of 14 @entity1 in Group 1 had progression of @entity625 , while five of eight @entity1 in Group 2 either had progression of @entity625 or required an ankle fusion. CONCLUSION: @entity1 treated with lateral ankle ligament reconstruction and cavovarus realignment osteotomy with no to minimal preoperative @entity625 have higher clinical scores and increased satisfaction compared to @entity1 with more advanced preoperative @entity625 . A cautious and realistic approach should be followed when recommending surgical treatment for this @entity1 population.

title: Effect of XXXX on clinical outcome of lateral ankle ligament reconstruction in cavovarus feet.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['tibiotalar arthritis', 'arthritis', 'ankle arthritis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative change']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['cavovarus deformity']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['ankle arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone @entity236 (BMES) of the foot and ankle is an uncommon and often undiagnosed disorder that, to our knowledge, has not previously been reported in the orthopaedic literature. The current study reviews a consecutive series of @entity1 who were seen with this @entity85 in order to highlight the clinical presentation and diagnostic imaging characteristics specific to this disorder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart study was performed involving 601 @entity1 who underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the foot and ankle at our institution from April 2005 to April 2006. We identified 14 @entity1 whose MR imaging demonstrated findings consistent with BMES. RESULTS: All 14 @entity1 demonstrated characteristic diffuse, irregularly increased signal intensity on T2-weighted MR imaging and variable areas of decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images in an average of three bones within the foot and ankle. Average @entity1 age was 16.4 (range, 10 to 27) years, and no @entity1 reported a history of prior @entity130 . Eight @entity1 received treatment for an incorrect initial diagnosis with two of those @entity1 undergoing surgical procedures. Twelve @entity1 were successfully treated with supportive nonoperative therapy for an average length of 19.4 months. Four @entity1 had followup MR imaging demonstrating signal changes consistent with their clinical improvement/changes. CONCLUSION: BMES of the foot and ankle is a clinical disorder seen in younger @entity1 with a clinical history of prolonged foot and @entity158 of unknown etiology and without prior @entity130 . MR findings from this series are consistent with previous descriptions in the radiology literature. Furthermore, MR imaging can be utilized to monitor the progression or resolution of this disorder. Proper diagnosis and treatment may prevent further unnecessary diagnostic testing or surgical procedures.

title: Painful XXXX of the foot and ankle.

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['ankle pain']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['marrow edema syndrome']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal disorder']

answer: @entity236 :: (MESH:D001855,Disease) :: ['bone marrow edema syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) is a type of natural source of autologous growth factors, and has been used successfully in various fields. However the use ofPRP in @entity1 is not well documented. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of adding PRP to a bone graft in the bone regeneration of @entity154 following cystectomy. STUDY DESIGN: Study sample included 20 @entity1 who were randomly divided into two groups with 10 @entity1 in each group; all underwent cystectomy In the first group (test group), after cystectomy the @entity154 was filled with PRP and bone graft. In the second group (control group) bone graft alone (without PRP) was used. Radiographs were recorded at 1 month, 2 months, 4 months and 6 months intervals after surgery to evaluate the defect bone fill in both groups. RESULTS: The post-operative successive radiographs in the test group showed a significantly greater regeneration of bone in the height of @entity154 with application of PRP to bone graft as compared to the control group. In the test group, by the first post operative month, about 58% of the defect was filled, which gradually increased in each month and showed about 94% of defect-fill by 6 months. In the control group, similar observation revealed only 31% of defect-fill by the first post-operative month and a 47% defect-fill at 6 months. CONCLUSION: The addition of PRP to bone graft appeared to enhance bone regeneration considerably. The combination of PRP and bone graft might have a potential for routine clinical use for regeneration of @entity154 in @entity1 .

title: Efficacy of platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) in bone regeneration after cyst enucleation in pediatric XXXX --a clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['cystic defect', 'cystic bony defects', 'bony defects']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Primary spinal cord @entity5 is very rare, and in only one @entity1 with @entity602 has a deletion of chromosome 1p/19q been reported. We present the case of an 18-year-old @entity1 , who had one-year lower back @entity158 and one-month lower limb @entity425 . Magnetic resonance images of the spinal cord showed an intramedullary mass from level T8 to T10, which was then radically removed. Histology revealed an @entity3271 . The @entity1 was treated with radiotherapy postoperatively. Eight months after the treatment, follow-up magnetic resonance images disclosed an enhancing intramedullary mass at level T4-T8; recurrence of the @entity5 was therefore diagnosed. Maximum surgical @entity5 was performed, diagnosis of @entity3271 was made, and a chromosome 1p deletion was determined by FISH. After treatment with @entity2903 for six months, the @entity1 had a remarkable improvement of her lower limb symptoms, and complete imaging regression of the @entity41 showed no evidence of recurrence at any other sites. The most recent MRI of brain and spinal cord showed postoperative changes without evidence of @entity5 recurrence of the spine and oligodendrogliomatosis along the cerebral-spinal axis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a recurrent @entity3271 with 1p deletion occurring in the spinal cord. It is also the first case of the @entity1 with recurrent intramedullary @entity3271 who had a significant clinical improvement and complete imaging remission after subtotal resection then treatment with @entity2903 chemotherapy.

title: Spinal cord @entity3271 with 1p deletion: report of a relapsing case treated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'removal of the recurrent tumor', 'oligodendroglial tumor']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord oligodendroglioma']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity2903 :: (MESH:C047246,Chemical) :: ['temozolomide']


abstract: Primary spinal cord @entity5 is very rare, and in only one @entity1 with @entity602 has a deletion of chromosome 1p/19q been reported. We present the case of an 18-year-old @entity1 , who had one-year lower back @entity158 and one-month lower limb @entity425 . Magnetic resonance images of the spinal cord showed an intramedullary mass from level T8 to T10, which was then radically removed. Histology revealed an @entity3271 . The @entity1 was treated with radiotherapy postoperatively. Eight months after the treatment, follow-up magnetic resonance images disclosed an enhancing intramedullary mass at level T4-T8; recurrence of the @entity5 was therefore diagnosed. Maximum surgical @entity5 was performed, diagnosis of @entity3271 was made, and a chromosome 1p deletion was determined by FISH. After treatment with @entity2903 for six months, the @entity1 had a remarkable improvement of her lower limb symptoms, and complete imaging regression of the @entity41 showed no evidence of recurrence at any other sites. The most recent MRI of brain and spinal cord showed postoperative changes without evidence of @entity5 recurrence of the spine and oligodendrogliomatosis along the cerebral-spinal axis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a recurrent @entity3271 with 1p deletion occurring in the spinal cord. It is also the first case of the @entity1 with recurrent intramedullary @entity3271 who had a significant clinical improvement and complete imaging remission after subtotal resection then treatment with @entity2903 chemotherapy.

title: Spinal cord XXXX with 1p deletion: report of a relapsing case treated with @entity2903 .

answer: @entity3271 :: (MESH:D009837,Disease) :: ['anaplastic oligodendroglioma']


abstract: The association of high-risk @entity1 @entity5 (TC) has been documented. Because @entity1 with @entity5 show better survival rates, modification of their treatment regimen is being considered. It is therefore crucial to find markers for the identification of @entity1 whose @entity5 are linked to @entity1800 . A cohort of 109 @entity1 with primary TC was screened for HPV DNA presence in the @entity5 tissues and HPV-specific antibodies in sera. Data regarding risk factors and clinical parameters were collected. Forty-five specimens were analyzed for the expression of viral E6 and E2-region mRNA, and the @entity986 and @entity876 protein expression status was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The overall prevalence of HPV DNA in TC tissues was 65.1%. Ninety-three percent of HR HPV DNA-positive samples expressed E6*I mRNA. E2-region mRNA expression was detected in 36% of positive samples, which implies that the virus is integrated in 64% of HPV DNA/RNA-positive @entity5 . @entity986 overexpression and the presence of antibodies specific to @entity1799 @entity7906 oncoproteins correlated well with HPV DNA and RNA presence. The disease-specific survival rate of @entity1 with @entity5 was significantly higher than that of HPV DNA-negative @entity1 . In addition to providing further evidence of the involvement of @entity281 in the etiopathogenesis of a proportion of TC cases, our study demonstrates that @entity986 immunostaining and anti- @entity7906 antibodies as surrogate markers of @entity14361 represent specific, sensitive and clinically accessible assays for the identification of TC @entity1 who have a considerably better prognosis.

title: XXXX : prognostic significance and clinically relevant markers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'HPV-associated tumors', 'HPV DNA-positive tumors', 'tumors', 'papillomaviruses (HR HPVs) with tonsillar cancer']

entities_list: @entity14361 :: ('MESH:C566895', 'Disease') :: ['HPV involvement']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['HPV involvement in tonsillar cancer']


abstract: Specific cDNA probes for transforming growth factor beta s ( @entity73323 and @entity641 types I, II, and III receptors were used to study expression of the mRNAs of the different @entity641 ligand and @entity641 receptor isoforms in cultured @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) cells and @entity151 ( @entity151 ) cells. Expression of @entity641 mRNA was detected in both cell types using Northern blot hybridization, with the level of expression of this mRNA being higher in several @entity1149 cell lines. In addition, expression of @entity11579 and @entity11580 mRNAs was also detected in @entity1149 and @entity151 cells but at levels that were lower than that of @entity641 mRNA. Besides expression of a 3.4-kilobase (kb) @entity11580 transcript, a smaller 2.8-kb @entity11580 transcript was detected in some @entity1149 and @entity151 cells. @entity641 and @entity11579 proteins were detected in the conditioned media of @entity1149 and @entity151 cells, with the levels being higher in several @entity1149 cells than in @entity151 cells. Expression of @entity15136 mRNAs was also detected in most @entity1149 and @entity151 cells, with expression of a 5.5-kb type I receptor mRNA being higher than that of @entity19 -kb type II receptor mRNA in both cell types. In contrast, a 6-kb @entity641 type III receptor mRNA was detected in only some @entity1149 cells and could not be detected in the @entity151 cells examined. Also, there was an inverse relationship between the level of expression of the 5.5-kb @entity641 type I receptor mRNA and that of the 6-kb @entity641 type III receptor mRNA. Addition of @entity641 and @entity11579 proteins resulted in an increase in the mRNAs for @entity641 s 1 and 2 and an increase in the amount of @entity641 protein in some @entity1149 cells, indicating that these cells are responsive to @entity641 and its effects. At the same time, a differential change in expression of the 2.8- and 3.4-kb @entity11580 transcripts was detected in some @entity2 cells following the addition of @entity641 and @entity11579 . Also, addition of @entity641 to @entity1149 cells inhibited colony formation of some of these cells in soft agarose in a dose-dependent manner.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Expression of transforming growth factor beta ligand and receptor messenger RNAs in XXXX cell lines.

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity15136 :: ('21813(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-beta types I and II receptor']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: AIMS: The aim of this paper is to report clinical characteristics, consequences, echocardiographic features, and pathological findings encountered in @entity1 suffering from @entity340 associated with benfluorex exposure in a multicentre French registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty @entity1 suffering from unexplained restrictive @entity340 with a previous exposition to @entity19879 , a @entity4899 derivative, were identified from eight French university hospitals. @entity1 were mostly @entity1 (87.5%) with a mean age of 57    9 years and high body mass index of 30    7 kg/m  ; 37.5% of them presented with severe @entity712 (NYHA class III and IV). Benfluorex mean daily dose was 415    131 mg with total therapy duration of 72    53 months. Resulting cumulative dose was 910    675 g. Common echocardiographic findings were leaflets and sub-valvular apparatus thickening and retraction. Aortic and mitral @entity338 resulting from leaflets loss of coaptation were the most frequent findings (87.5 and 82.5%) and were severe in 29 @entity1 (72.5%). Multiple valve involvements were present in 31 cases (77.5%). Pulmonary arterial @entity101 was identified in 20 cases (50%). Histopathological examination demonstrated abundant extra cellular matrix encasing the leaflets without modification of valve architecture. Fifteen @entity1 (37.5%) underwent valvular surgery. CONCLUSION: Benfluorex-related valvulopathy shares numerous characteristics with other drug-induced @entity340 . Clinical consequences may be serious with severe @entity712 that may lead to surgical treatment.

title: XXXX associated with benfluorex therapy: results from the French multicentre registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4899 :: ('MESH:D005277', 'Chemical') :: ['fenfluramine']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure symptoms']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['valve regurgitations']

entities_list: @entity19879 :: ('MESH:C001584', 'Chemical') :: ['benfluorex']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular disease']

answer: @entity340 :: (MESH:D006349,Disease) :: ['Valvular heart disease']


abstract: From 1987 to 1993, 21 @entity1 who had undergone complicated @entity231 extraction that was associated with @entity393 and transscleral suture fixation of the posterior-chamber lens (PC-IOL) in one eye (group A) and uncomplicated in-the-bag implantation of the PC-IOL in the fellow eye (group B) were followed prospectively. The follow-up period was 29.5 months (SD, +/- 17.0 months) in group A and 36.6 months (+/- 24.0 months) in group B. Visual acuity did not differ significantly between the two groups (P = 0.60, Wilcoxon test). In all, 17/21 @entity1 in group A and 16/21 @entity1 in group B achieved a visual acuity of > or = 20/40. @entity86 measured in group A were +0.68 D more hyperopic than those measured in group B (P < 0.04). This result was consistent with the postoperative finding of a significantly deeper anterior chamber in group A (mean, 0.44 mm; P < 0.03). The accuracy of the desired postoperative refraction was poorer in group A. The risk for @entity1713 , @entity1103 , and intraocular pressure elevation was increased in @entity1 who had had capsular defects and @entity393 during @entity231 extraction. Nevertheless, transscleral suture fixation of PC-IOLs in @entity1 with complicated @entity231 extractions associated with @entity393 can give acceptable visual results. We recommend that +0.5 D be added to the calculated IOL power when severe complications require transscleral suture fixation of the PC-IOL during @entity231 extraction.

title: Transscleral suture fixation of posterior-chamber lenses after @entity231 extraction associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['cystoid macular edema']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative refractions']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous loss']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['vitreous loss']


abstract: From 1987 to 1993, 21 @entity1 who had undergone complicated @entity231 extraction that was associated with @entity393 and transscleral suture fixation of the posterior-chamber lens (PC-IOL) in one eye (group A) and uncomplicated in-the-bag implantation of the PC-IOL in the fellow eye (group B) were followed prospectively. The follow-up period was 29.5 months (SD, +/- 17.0 months) in group A and 36.6 months (+/- 24.0 months) in group B. Visual acuity did not differ significantly between the two groups (P = 0.60, Wilcoxon test). In all, 17/21 @entity1 in group A and 16/21 @entity1 in group B achieved a visual acuity of > or = 20/40. @entity86 measured in group A were +0.68 D more hyperopic than those measured in group B (P < 0.04). This result was consistent with the postoperative finding of a significantly deeper anterior chamber in group A (mean, 0.44 mm; P < 0.03). The accuracy of the desired postoperative refraction was poorer in group A. The risk for @entity1713 , @entity1103 , and intraocular pressure elevation was increased in @entity1 who had had capsular defects and @entity393 during @entity231 extraction. Nevertheless, transscleral suture fixation of PC-IOLs in @entity1 with complicated @entity231 extractions associated with @entity393 can give acceptable visual results. We recommend that +0.5 D be added to the calculated IOL power when severe complications require transscleral suture fixation of the PC-IOL during @entity231 extraction.

title: Transscleral suture fixation of posterior-chamber lenses after XXXX extraction associated with @entity393 .

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: Over a 6-month period 124 @entity1 submitted to aortic or infra-inguinal arterial reconstruction were alternately allocated to receive @entity5152 plus @entity801 (CX/GM) for 48 hours or @entity3524 ( @entity3525 ) for 24 hours perioperatively. Evaluations during during the first month were performed by a blinded independent observer and @entity1 were followed for between 6 and 20 months. 63 @entity1 received CX/GM and 61 @entity3525 ; the groups were matched for @entity295 risk factors. @entity295 rates were: groin and abdominal wounds, CX/GM 5.4% (7 of 129), @entity3525 6.2% (8 of 127); graft, CX/GM 1.5% (1 of 63), @entity3525 3.3% (2 of 61). The differences were not statistically significant (p greater than 0.05). Virtually all wound @entity281 were superficial (class I) and no late @entity281 have emerged. 56 @entity1 had @entity66 and 68 had no lesion. There was no significant difference in wound or graft @entity295 rates between the 2 groups. Positive cultures of groin lymph nodes and/or aortic clot or @entity1856 did not predispose @entity1 to @entity86 . The organisms cultured from the extremity lesions were not found in infected wounds of abdominal surgery @entity1 . However, species type and antibiotic susceptibility patterns suggest that the same pathogens were present in wound @entity281 as were isolated from the extremity lesions of @entity1 who underwent infra-inguinal surgery. Thus direct, rather than lymphatic, contamination may be the major aetiological factor. Most infecting organisms were susceptible to the antibiotic used.

title: Antibiotic prophylaxis in aortic and peripheral arterial surgery in the presence of XXXX . Results of a prospective evaluation.

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['infected extremity lesions']

entities_list: @entity5152 :: ('MESH:D003023', 'Chemical') :: ['cloxacillin']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative sepsis']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['infected extremity lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between exposure to pot emissions ( @entity1388 , @entity12546 ) and mortality from @entity1030 , @entity7864 volatiles and mortality from diseases related to @entity731 , and @entity1223 and mortality from @entity299 . METHODS: Mortality between 1962 to 1991 was investigated in a cohort of 1085 @entity1 hired by a Norwegian @entity5715 smelter between 1922 and 1975. Associations between cumulative exposure and mortality were investigated through @entity5047 analysis based on national mortality rates; temporal relations were explored by considering exposures only within specific time windows. Circulatory mortality was also investigated by Poisson regression analysis. RESULTS: There were 501 deaths v 471.3 expected in the cohort. The excess was confined to short term workers and did not seem to be associated with exposures in the smelter. Analysis of mortality among the 661 @entity1 with at least three years employment showed associations between cumulative exposure to tar 40 years before observation and @entity731 mortality (P = 0.03), and between exposure to pot emissions 20-39 years before observation and mortality from @entity1030 (P = 0.06). No association was found between exposure to @entity1223 and mortality from @entity299 , but cerebrovascular mortality was associated with exposure to pot emissions (P = 0.02). Results for @entity731 and @entity66 were confirmed through Poisson regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The data support previous findings of increased mortality from @entity299 in workers exposed to tar, and some support is also provided for earlier reports of increased respiratory mortality in potroom workers.

title: Mortality and cancer morbidity in workers from an XXXX smelter with prebaked carbon anodes--Part III: Mortality from circulatory and respiratory diseases.

entities_list: @entity7864 :: ('MESH:D055008', 'Disease') :: ['coal tar pitch']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity12546 :: ('CHEBI:18422', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphur dioxide']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive lung disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorides']

entities_list: @entity5715 :: ('CHEBI:28984', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium']

answer: @entity5715 :: (CHEBI:28984,Chemical) :: ['aluminium']


abstract: Epidemiologic studies have found that dietary patterns characterized by high intakes of certain minerals and fiber are associated with low blood pressure. Dietary Approaches to Stop @entity101 (DASH) is a multicenter, randomized, controlled-feeding trial designed to test the effects on blood pressure of two such dietary patterns consumed for 8 weeks. The two experimental diets will be compared with each other and with a control dietary pattern that is relatively low in @entity972 , @entity1760 , @entity460 , and fiber, and has a fat and protein profile mirroring current consumption. The first experimental diet, arguably termed "ideal," is high in fruits, vegetables, whole cereal products, low-fat dairy products, fish, @entity1573 , and lean meats designed to be low in saturated fat and @entity165 ; moderately high in protein; and high in minerals and fiber. The second experimental diet tests the effect of fruits and vegetables alone. Its @entity972 , @entity1760 , and dietary fiber content will be at the same high levels as the ideal dietary pattern, while its fat, protein, and @entity460 content will resemble that of the control dietary pattern. The study population will consist of 456 healthy @entity1 and @entity1 , aged 22 years or older, with systolic blood pressure less than 160 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure 80 to 95 mm Hg. African-American and other minority groups will comprise 67% of the population. @entity1 will eat one of the three dietary patterns. The DASH trial has unique features. First, dietary patterns rather than single nutrients are being tested. Second, all food for the experimental diets is provided to the @entity1 using a standardized multicenter protocol. Because the dietary patterns are constructed with commonly consumed food items, the results, if positive, may be conveniently implemented in dietary recommendations to the general public.

title: Rationale and design of the Dietary Approaches to Stop XXXX trial (DASH). A multicenter controlled-feeding study of dietary patterns to lower blood pressure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'participants', 'women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: The latent form of transforming growth factor-beta ( @entity1810 ) is a component of the extracellular matrix of bone. The active form, when locally injected in vivo, stimulates both @entity32 and ectopic bone formation. The present study was undertaken to determine if @entity1810 also stimulated mineralization by isolated @entity35 calvarial osteoblasts cultured in collagen gels. Gels were used because they should mimic in vivo conditions better than classical monolayer culture. Compared to cells in monolayers, osteoblasts cultured in collagen gels exhibited slower growth, but higher alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition. Cultured cells also synthesized the osteoblast-specific marker, @entity9356 . The increase in @entity9356 in cell layers was parallel to the increase in mineral deposition. In the presence of @entity1810 , neither cell growth nor alkaline phosphatase activity increased. Instead, a small decrease occurred in both parameters when compared to untreated cultures. Accumulation of collagen, the major component of the extracellular matrix where mineralization occurs, was similar in untreated and @entity1810 -treated cultures. However, 8 pM @entity1810 dramatically suppressed mineral deposition in both types of cultures. Despite @entity1810 stimulating a fourfold increase in @entity880 , the consequent increase in culture medium acidity did not account for the inhibitory effects of @entity1810 on mineralization. These results demonstrate that collagen gel culture is an improved technique over conventional monolayer culture for demonstrating @entity177 and sensitivity to @entity1810 . @entity1810 , at a concentration that has little effect on cell growth, alkaline phosphatase activity, or collagen accumulation, is a potent inhibitor of mineralization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Transforming growth factor-beta inhibition of mineralization by neonatal XXXX osteoblasts in monolayer and collagen gel culture.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['differentiated osteoblast function']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary mediastinal @entity1893 [ @entity1893 ] predominates in young adult with diffuse large B-cell histologic characteristics, and favorable prognosis. Six @entity1 with this disease were diagnosed and treated at the Tri-Service General hospital during the period of 1986 to 1991. METHODS: Pathology data were reviewed. All cases were classified according to the International Working Formulation. All specimens were studied immunohistologic for immunoglobulin kappa and lambda light chains, @entity4619 ( @entity4619 ), B cell marker (L26) and T cell marker ( @entity4911 _ @entity5855 ). All @entity1 were treated with @entity786 , @entity632 , @entity1891 and @entity617 ( @entity3726 ) and adjuvant radiotherapy. RESULTS: Most of the @entity1 were young adults with bulky disease in the anterior mediastinum. All presented with symptoms attributed to a rapidly growing mass. Four @entity1 had superior vena cava syndromes. The histologic types were @entity1892 , including immunoblastic cell in two, and diffuse large cleaved cells in four @entity1 . Three were in stage II and the others were in stage IV. Complete response was achieved in four @entity1 and partial response in two, with an overall response rate of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that primary @entity1893 commonly occurs in young adults and had an associated aggressive clinical course. In view of these results, observation have also suggested that intensive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation are needed for @entity1 who relapse or fail to get complete remission.

title: Primary XXXX of the mediastinum: a clinicopathological report of six cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity4619 :: ('6404', 'Gene') :: ['common leukocyte antigen', 'CLA']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell type lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL', "non-Hodgkin's non-lymphoblastic lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: 1. U937 cells are a continuous line of @entity1 cells of committed monocytic origin which serve as a useful model for studying @entity1 monocytic function. The present study investigated the effect of platelet-activating factor (Paf) on intracellular free @entity460 ion concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) in U937 cells using the @entity460 fluorescent probe @entity593 . 2. The naturally-occurring stereoisomer (R)- @entity5567 (0.01-300 nM) and the stable, less hydrolysable racemic Paf analogue PR1501 (10 nM-3 microM) produced dose-related and rapid elevations of 100-1200 nM [ @entity141 ]i above a basal value of 135 +/- 9 nM (n = 22). 3. The unnatural stereoisomer (S)-Paf and the natural stereoisomer lyso-(R)-Paf had no effect on basal [ @entity141 ]i at 30 microM, approximately 100,000 times the concentration found to be the threshold concentration to elicit a response to (R)-Paf. 4. @entity8285 (LTB4) also induced increases in [ @entity141 ]i in the concentration range 28.5 nM-2.85 microM but the responses were smaller and of shorter duration than those induced by Paf. 5. Five compounds, @entity6849 , Ro 19-3704, L-652,731, @entity3766 , and @entity6848 , inhibited suboptimal Paf (10 nM)-induced increase in [ @entity141 ]i with IC50s of 48 +/- 2, 118 +/- 33, 318 +/- 131, 340 +/- 205 and 2320 +/- 183 nM respectively. All five compounds have previously been reported as specific Paf receptor antagonists, at least with respect to platelets. 6. The above compounds at 10 microM had no effect upon the increased [ @entity141 ]i induced by either LTB4 or the @entity460 ionophore, @entity1360 . 7. These results suggest that U937 cells respond to Paf at least with respect to elevated [ @entity141 ]i as measured by @entity593 and that these cells may well possess a Paf receptor as suggested by the action of specific antagonists and the stereoselectivity observed with Paf.

title: Antagonism of the platelet activating factor-induced rise of the intracellular XXXX ion concentration of U937 cells.

entities_list: @entity8285 :: ('MESH:D007975', 'Chemical') :: ['Leukotriene B4']

entities_list: @entity1360 :: ('MESH:D015759', 'Chemical') :: ['ionomycin']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: 1. Morphological changes characterizing delayed @entity528 (DND) of selectively vulnerable @entity1399 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil brain occurred 72 h after transient (5 min) bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries. 2. Different groups of animals were treated 15 min before carotid artery occlusion and twice daily during the 72 h post-ischaemia period with either saline alone, @entity3360 , @entity4271 , @entity38763 or @entity3931 at doses of 500 micrograms kg-1 intraperitoneally. 3. At 72 h the animals were killed and their brains examined histologically. Absolute cell counts were made from 5 sites distributed linearly throughout the hippocampal @entity1399 subfield in each hemisphere to determine the percentage DND in each group. Normal brains and those of sham-operated animals were included in the study for comparison. 4. Features of DND were distributed evenly throughout the @entity1399 subfield in both hemispheres in all groups of gerbils. @entity3360 , @entity38763 and @entity4271 , but not @entity3931 , were protective. This protection extended linearly throughout the hippocampus without altering the pattern of @entity528 . 5. Compared to saline-treated (78.3 +/- 2.9% DND) and @entity3931 -treated (76.5 +/- 3.4% DND) gerbils, the overall protection afforded by @entity3360 (41.8 +/- 3.8% DND) was statistically significant. The effects of @entity38763 (53.6 +/- 7.1%) and @entity4271 (55.8 +/- 3.9% DND) were of borderline significance. 6. Abnormal neurones appeared in normal and sham-operated brains to the extent of 4.5 +/- 1.0% and 4.6 +/- 0.4%, respectively. Such changes can be attributed to fixation artefacts. 7. The results demonstrate that overall protection is conferred on ischaemic hippocampal @entity1399 neurones by @entity3360 and to a lesser extent by @entity4271 and @entity38763 , but not by @entity3931 .

title: Comparative protective effects of @entity3360 , @entity4271 , XXXX and @entity3931 against ischaemic injury in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil.

entities_list: @entity3931 :: ('MESH:D009553', 'Chemical') :: ['nimodipine']

entities_list: @entity3360 :: ('MESH:D009529', 'Chemical') :: ['nicardipine', 'Nicardipine']

entities_list: @entity38763 :: ('MESH:D008013', 'Chemical') :: ['lidoflazine']

entities_list: @entity4271 :: ('MESH:D005444', 'Chemical') :: ['flunarizine']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal damage', 'neuronal death']

answer: @entity38763 :: (MESH:D008013,Chemical) :: ['lidoflazine']


abstract: 1. Morphological changes characterizing delayed @entity528 (DND) of selectively vulnerable @entity1399 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil brain occurred 72 h after transient (5 min) bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries. 2. Different groups of animals were treated 15 min before carotid artery occlusion and twice daily during the 72 h post-ischaemia period with either saline alone, @entity3360 , @entity4271 , @entity38763 or @entity3931 at doses of 500 micrograms kg-1 intraperitoneally. 3. At 72 h the animals were killed and their brains examined histologically. Absolute cell counts were made from 5 sites distributed linearly throughout the hippocampal @entity1399 subfield in each hemisphere to determine the percentage DND in each group. Normal brains and those of sham-operated animals were included in the study for comparison. 4. Features of DND were distributed evenly throughout the @entity1399 subfield in both hemispheres in all groups of gerbils. @entity3360 , @entity38763 and @entity4271 , but not @entity3931 , were protective. This protection extended linearly throughout the hippocampus without altering the pattern of @entity528 . 5. Compared to saline-treated (78.3 +/- 2.9% DND) and @entity3931 -treated (76.5 +/- 3.4% DND) gerbils, the overall protection afforded by @entity3360 (41.8 +/- 3.8% DND) was statistically significant. The effects of @entity38763 (53.6 +/- 7.1%) and @entity4271 (55.8 +/- 3.9% DND) were of borderline significance. 6. Abnormal neurones appeared in normal and sham-operated brains to the extent of 4.5 +/- 1.0% and 4.6 +/- 0.4%, respectively. Such changes can be attributed to fixation artefacts. 7. The results demonstrate that overall protection is conferred on ischaemic hippocampal @entity1399 neurones by @entity3360 and to a lesser extent by @entity4271 and @entity38763 , but not by @entity3931 .

title: Comparative protective effects of @entity3360 , XXXX , @entity38763 and @entity3931 against ischaemic injury in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil.

answer: @entity4271 :: (MESH:D005444,Chemical) :: ['flunarizine']


abstract: 1. Morphological changes characterizing delayed @entity528 (DND) of selectively vulnerable @entity1399 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil brain occurred 72 h after transient (5 min) bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries. 2. Different groups of animals were treated 15 min before carotid artery occlusion and twice daily during the 72 h post-ischaemia period with either saline alone, @entity3360 , @entity4271 , @entity38763 or @entity3931 at doses of 500 micrograms kg-1 intraperitoneally. 3. At 72 h the animals were killed and their brains examined histologically. Absolute cell counts were made from 5 sites distributed linearly throughout the hippocampal @entity1399 subfield in each hemisphere to determine the percentage DND in each group. Normal brains and those of sham-operated animals were included in the study for comparison. 4. Features of DND were distributed evenly throughout the @entity1399 subfield in both hemispheres in all groups of gerbils. @entity3360 , @entity38763 and @entity4271 , but not @entity3931 , were protective. This protection extended linearly throughout the hippocampus without altering the pattern of @entity528 . 5. Compared to saline-treated (78.3 +/- 2.9% DND) and @entity3931 -treated (76.5 +/- 3.4% DND) gerbils, the overall protection afforded by @entity3360 (41.8 +/- 3.8% DND) was statistically significant. The effects of @entity38763 (53.6 +/- 7.1%) and @entity4271 (55.8 +/- 3.9% DND) were of borderline significance. 6. Abnormal neurones appeared in normal and sham-operated brains to the extent of 4.5 +/- 1.0% and 4.6 +/- 0.4%, respectively. Such changes can be attributed to fixation artefacts. 7. The results demonstrate that overall protection is conferred on ischaemic hippocampal @entity1399 neurones by @entity3360 and to a lesser extent by @entity4271 and @entity38763 , but not by @entity3931 .

title: Comparative protective effects of XXXX , @entity4271 , @entity38763 and @entity3931 against ischaemic injury in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil.

answer: @entity3360 :: (MESH:D009529,Chemical) :: ['nicardipine']


abstract: 1. Morphological changes characterizing delayed @entity528 (DND) of selectively vulnerable @entity1399 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil brain occurred 72 h after transient (5 min) bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries. 2. Different groups of animals were treated 15 min before carotid artery occlusion and twice daily during the 72 h post-ischaemia period with either saline alone, @entity3360 , @entity4271 , @entity38763 or @entity3931 at doses of 500 micrograms kg-1 intraperitoneally. 3. At 72 h the animals were killed and their brains examined histologically. Absolute cell counts were made from 5 sites distributed linearly throughout the hippocampal @entity1399 subfield in each hemisphere to determine the percentage DND in each group. Normal brains and those of sham-operated animals were included in the study for comparison. 4. Features of DND were distributed evenly throughout the @entity1399 subfield in both hemispheres in all groups of gerbils. @entity3360 , @entity38763 and @entity4271 , but not @entity3931 , were protective. This protection extended linearly throughout the hippocampus without altering the pattern of @entity528 . 5. Compared to saline-treated (78.3 +/- 2.9% DND) and @entity3931 -treated (76.5 +/- 3.4% DND) gerbils, the overall protection afforded by @entity3360 (41.8 +/- 3.8% DND) was statistically significant. The effects of @entity38763 (53.6 +/- 7.1%) and @entity4271 (55.8 +/- 3.9% DND) were of borderline significance. 6. Abnormal neurones appeared in normal and sham-operated brains to the extent of 4.5 +/- 1.0% and 4.6 +/- 0.4%, respectively. Such changes can be attributed to fixation artefacts. 7. The results demonstrate that overall protection is conferred on ischaemic hippocampal @entity1399 neurones by @entity3360 and to a lesser extent by @entity4271 and @entity38763 , but not by @entity3931 .

title: Comparative protective effects of @entity3360 , @entity4271 , @entity38763 and XXXX against ischaemic injury in the hippocampus of the Mongolian gerbil.

answer: @entity3931 :: (MESH:D009553,Chemical) :: ['nimodipine']


abstract: The validity of a @entity1 -based scale, presumably measuring adverse effects of drugs on cognitive function, was examined in a normal volunteer study. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to placebo or one of two doses of a @entity1245 , @entity6719 (10 mg and 20 mg), in a double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group design. Plasma samples were taken before the scale was completed and up to 8 hours post-dose. After administration of the medication the subjects were asked to maintain their normal daily routine as much as possible (reading, studying, conversations). The inventory was administered twice, at 50 minutes and 2 hours post-dose (peak level). The overall score was different between the three groups, only for the second assessment, 2 h post-dose (ANOVA, P < 0.02). Multiple t-testing between the three groups revealed statistically significant differences between placebo and the 10 mg @entity6719 group (P = 0.02) and between placebo and the 20 mg @entity6719 group (P = 0.006). No significant difference was found between the two @entity6719 groups. Analysis of the separate questions showed least sensitivity for questions related to the domain of 'hyperexcitability' and most sensitivity for 'fatigue' and 'slowing.' The overall score appeared to be sensitive already for the lower @entity137 range suggesting an 'all or nothing effect'. The subjective reports, collected by using this scale, may therefore be used for the detection of gross overall changes in cognitive functioning.

title: The Neurotoxicity Scale: the validity of a XXXX -based scale, assessing neurotoxicity.

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity6719 :: ('MESH:D013693', 'Chemical') :: ['temazepam']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examines the effect of variations in @entity341 ( @entity341 ) volume on physician work efficiency (new @entity1 per hour) and work profile ( @entity1 -related activities, including both direct and indirect @entity1 care) and whether these differ between first- (Postgraduate Year [ @entity1262 ) and third- ( @entity3970 ) year residents. The authors also determine if changes in volume are associated with changes in teaching interactions between attending and resident physicians. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study of resident and attending physicians in the @entity341 . Research assistants (RAs) followed @entity341 residents during clinical shifts and recorded a multitude of data including the amount of time spent in specific activities, the number of new @entity1 seen, and the frequency of attending physician teaching interactions. RESULTS: Third-year residents see more new @entity1 per hour (1.79 vs. 1.16, p < 0.001) than do their first-year counterparts. In addition, third-year residents spend almost 50% less time with each @entity1 (10.7 minutes vs. 19.4 minutes, p < 0.001), and first-year residents spend three times as much time per shift discussing @entity1 with attending physicians (59.4 minutes vs. 27.3 minutes, p = 0.002). More of the @entity1262 /attending interactions resulted in educational exchanges (54.9% vs. 34.6%, p = 0.003). @entity1262 residents also spend more time on dictations per @entity1 (9.6 minutes vs. 5.4 minutes, p = 0.01) and more time on paperwork per @entity1 (18.5 minutes vs. 6.5 minutes, p = 0.007). As @entity341 volume tripled, @entity1262 residents were able to increase their @entity1 load to a greater extent than were @entity3970 residents by decreasing the length of each @entity1 encounter as volume increased. Overall, @entity341 volume had no effect on the number of teaching interactions, although the length of exchange decreased as volume increased. CONCLUSIONS: Third-year residents see and carry more @entity1 than do their first-year counterparts. They do so primarily by decreasing the amount of time spent with @entity1 and attendings and working more efficiently overall. However, they are not as capable of altering their work profiles in the face of increased volume as their first-year counterparts. While the length of teaching interactions is decreased as volume increases, the number of those interactions resulting in teaching remains constant regardless of volume.

title: An evaluation of resident work profiles, attending-resident teaching interactions, and the effect of variations in XXXX volume on each.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The traditional model of community pharmacy has changed, with @entity1 , caregivers and consumers having access to many cognitive services other than the traditional dispensing and supply of medicines. In December 2009, a population-based @entity14 screening program started in Barcelona, introducing the community pharmacist and the professional expertise of the pharmacist into the organisational model. AIM: To evaluate the program implementation process in the pharmacies, identify barriers and facilitators, and know the opinion of the professionals involved in the @entity14 screening program in Catalonia (Spain). METHODS: Cross-sectional study of the pharmacies that participated in the first round of the program during the first and second trimester of 2010 in Barcelona. A validated questionnaire was used to analyse several functional aspects in the implementation process. Qualitative aspects about the opinion of the pharmacist were studied. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed. RESULTS: All the pharmacies involved in the program (n   =   74) participated in the study. The majority of the sample population was composed of @entity1 (70.3%), mean age 44.9 years, and most of them (74%) had attended a specific training session. Pharmacists considered their participation in the program to be an added value to their professional role and a way to increase consumer's confidence on this kind of services. The average time to provide the service was estimated to be less than 10 minutes per consumer. Only three (4.1%) pharmacists considered that the program involved a lot of extra work in the daily activities of the pharmacy. The level of satisfaction of the pharmacists was very high. CONCLUSIONS: Community pharmacies can be a successful alternative and great resource to implement a population @entity5 screening program. This functional model can improve the accessibility and participation rates on target population. The level of motivation of the community pharmacist, the specific training program and the perception to give a better care for their @entity1 can be an enabler.

title: Evaluating the appropriateness of a community pharmacy model for a XXXX screening program in Catalonia (Spain).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hippocampal sulcal cavities (HSC) have been speculated to contribute to a higher vulnerability of memory pathways and might be a possible etiological factor in @entity10931 ( @entity10931 ). Therefore, we evaluated the influence of HSC on cognitive long-term outcome in @entity10931 - @entity1 . METHODS: Fourteen otherwise healthy @entity1 with the clinical syndrome of @entity10931 in their history underwent a high-resolution magnetic resolution imaging and a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. The neuropsychological control group consisted of 15 healthy subjects and was balanced for age, sex and other risk factors as well as intellectual and social status. RESULTS: Magnetic resolution imaging and neuropsychological testing have been performed 1128 days (median) after the @entity10931 . HSC have been detected in nine of the 14 @entity1 and have been bilateral in eight of them. There were no differences in cognitive performance in @entity1 with and without HSC as well as compared to healthy subjects. Even in @entity1 with greater lesion load, only a slight visuospatial deficit was found. CONCLUSIONS: Although an increased incidence of HSCs is detected in @entity10931 @entity1 , cavities are not obligatorily in @entity10931 . Moreover, even @entity1 with hippocampal cavities achieve a full neuropsychological recovery independent of the frequency and size of the hippocampal lesions.

title: Hippocampal cavities are not associated with cognitive impairment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10931 :: ('MESH:D020236', 'Disease') :: ['TGA', 'transient global amnesia']

answer: @entity10931 :: (MESH:D020236,Disease) :: ['transient global amnesia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Some @entity1 within the spectrum of @entity2646 ( @entity2646 ) have distal acquired demyelinating symmetric (DADS) @entity16 , usually associated with anti-myelin-associated-glycoprotein (MAG) IgM @entity1581 . The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate @entity1 with @entity17 without anti-MAG antibodies, and study their response to immunotherapy. METHODS: @entity1 were selected on the basis of (i) 'Definite @entity2646 ' according to the EFNS/PNS Guideline criteria, (ii) The presence of disproportionately prolonged motor latencies resulting in a @entity465 ( @entity465 )  <= 0.25 in at least two motor nerves and (iii) The absence of anti-MAG antibodies on ELISA. Response to immunotherapy was defined as persistent improvement by at least one point on the INCAT disability score. RESULTS: Data from 146 @entity2646 @entity1 were analysed, and 10 @entity1 were included. Six had clinically pure @entity16 , and four had @entity16 . Ataxia was present in nine @entity1 , generalized areflexia in seven and postural @entity400 in two. Five of the 10 @entity1 had abnormal sensory potentials only in the upper limbs. An associated condition was found in nine @entity1 : two chronic @entity1778 , four IgG @entity1581 (one associated with @entity1893 ) and two IgM @entity1581 of unknown significance. @entity1 were mostly improved with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), corticosteroids, plasma exchanges, or a combination thereof. CONCLUSION: @entity17 without anti-MAG antibodies is more likely to be considered a variant of @entity2646 . In addition, such @entity1 should be systematically investigated for an associated @entity1200 .

title: XXXX as a variant of @entity2646 : clinical, electrophysiological, laboratory features and response to treatment in 10 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['DADS neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1581 :: ('MESH:D010265', 'Disease') :: ['monoclonal gammopathies', 'monoclonal gammopathy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['sensorimotor neuropathy', 'sensory neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['terminal latency index', 'TLI']

entities_list: @entity2646 :: ('MESH:D020277', 'Disease') :: ['CIDP', 'chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathies']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytic leukaemias']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['haematological or immunological condition']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity17 :: (MESH:D003711,Disease) :: ['Non-anti-MAG DADS neuropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Some @entity1 within the spectrum of @entity2646 ( @entity2646 ) have distal acquired demyelinating symmetric (DADS) @entity16 , usually associated with anti-myelin-associated-glycoprotein (MAG) IgM @entity1581 . The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate @entity1 with @entity17 without anti-MAG antibodies, and study their response to immunotherapy. METHODS: @entity1 were selected on the basis of (i) 'Definite @entity2646 ' according to the EFNS/PNS Guideline criteria, (ii) The presence of disproportionately prolonged motor latencies resulting in a @entity465 ( @entity465 )  <= 0.25 in at least two motor nerves and (iii) The absence of anti-MAG antibodies on ELISA. Response to immunotherapy was defined as persistent improvement by at least one point on the INCAT disability score. RESULTS: Data from 146 @entity2646 @entity1 were analysed, and 10 @entity1 were included. Six had clinically pure @entity16 , and four had @entity16 . Ataxia was present in nine @entity1 , generalized areflexia in seven and postural @entity400 in two. Five of the 10 @entity1 had abnormal sensory potentials only in the upper limbs. An associated condition was found in nine @entity1 : two chronic @entity1778 , four IgG @entity1581 (one associated with @entity1893 ) and two IgM @entity1581 of unknown significance. @entity1 were mostly improved with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), corticosteroids, plasma exchanges, or a combination thereof. CONCLUSION: @entity17 without anti-MAG antibodies is more likely to be considered a variant of @entity2646 . In addition, such @entity1 should be systematically investigated for an associated @entity1200 .

title: @entity17 as a variant of XXXX : clinical, electrophysiological, laboratory features and response to treatment in 10 cases.

answer: @entity2646 :: (MESH:D020277,Disease) :: ['CIDP']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity323 ( @entity323 ) in a young @entity1 is an important health problem that significantly impacts the @entity1 's quality of life and can have a detrimental effect on his well-being and relationship with his partner. @entity323 or @entity323 is one of the few disorders that will bring a young @entity1 into the doctor's office. This review article focuses on the epidemiology, etiology, presentation, work-up, and treatment of young @entity1 (age ~20-40  years old) presenting with complaints of @entity323 . It is important to identify the precise etiology of the @entity323 before proceeding with further evaluation and treatment because the work-up can be invasive and costly. @entity323 is estimated to affect 20  % of @entity1 above 40  years of age, with the incidence increasing with increasing age. @entity323 has traditionally been seen as an age-dependent problem; however, approximately 2  % of @entity1 are affected at 40  years of age but this may be a gross underestimation secondary to reporting bias. Because @entity323 is traditionally seen in the aging male population, studies regarding @entity323 tend to be more frequently carried out among middle-aged and elderly @entity1 rather than in young @entity1 . These studies underline how comorbidities such as @entity6 , @entity65 , and medication use are strongly linked with @entity323 . In addition, @entity323 has been described to be associated with @entity28 or physical inactivity. This review article summarizes the important information that all sexual medicine providers should be familiar with when diagnosing, counseling, and treating young @entity1 with @entity323 .

title: The Challenge of Erectile Dysfunction Management in the Young XXXX .

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['impotence', 'erectile dysfunction', 'Erectile dysfunction', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular or neurological pathologies']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Man']


abstract: AIM: This study evaluated the prevalence of developmental sequelae to permanent teeth (DSP) after traumatic @entity8495 to primary teeth (TDI-1) and their association with age, gender, @entity130 , recurrence of injury and post-traumatic damage to primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dental records of 2725 @entity1 treated from February 1993 to December 2008 in a private pediatric dental clinic were examined. A total of 308 records had 412 primary teeth that sustained @entity130 . Age at the time of injury ranged from 4 months to 7 years. A chi-squared test and logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: One hundred forty-eight @entity1 (241 teeth) were followed up until the eruption of the permanent successor. The prevalence of DSP was 22.4%. Discoloration and @entity509 were the most frequent abnormalities (74.1%), followed by @entity74 (25.9%). Age at the time of TDI-1 was the only variable significantly associated with DSP. Sequelae were most prevalent among @entity1 who suffered an injury between 1 and 3 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who sustain traumatic @entity8495 should be followed up regularly for an early diagnosis and treatment of possible DSP.

title: Effects of traumatic XXXX to primary teeth on permanent teeth--a clinical follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity8495 :: ('MESH:D018677', 'Disease') :: ['dental injuries']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['eruption disorders']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injuries', 'type of injury']

answer: @entity8495 :: (MESH:D018677,Disease) :: ['dental injuries']


abstract: We report 54 @entity1 with @entity5 in upper urinary tract admitted to our hospital between July, 1962 and December, 1985. The @entity1 consisted of 38 males and 16 females; side their ages ranged from 47 to 88 years with a mean of 63.4 years. The affected side was the right side in 21 cases, and the left side in 33 cases. Macro-or microhematuria was observed in 87% of the @entity1 . Pathologically, 53 of the @entity1 had @entity1606 and 1 had @entity1185 . Six @entity1 had a past history of @entity150 . Simultaneous @entity150 was identified in 10 cases. Vesical recurrence was observed in 5 cases. Total nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff resection was employed as the surgical method in 21 cases, and total nephrectomy without bladder cuff resection in 11 @entity1 . The actual five-year survival rate was 53% for all the @entity1 ; 52% for @entity1 with @entity703 , 75% for those with @entity5 and 15% for those with @entity703 . The @entity1 who received nephroureterectomy had a postoperative survival rate similar to that of those who received nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff resection. A simultaneous @entity150 lowered the survival rate.

title: [A clinical study of XXXX and ureter].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral tumors', 'urothelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papilloma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal pelvic and ureteral tumors', 'renal pelvic tumors']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['tumor of the renal pelvis']