abstract: Satellite cells were isolated from skeletal muscles of adult normal and dystrophic @entity19 (C57/6J/dy strain) by sequential digestion of tissue fragments with collagenase, hyaluronidase and trypsin. These cells exhibit in culture similar behaviour to that of @entity2085 , undergoing an initial duplicative period lasting about 2--3 days, followed by a shorter phase (1--2 days) of rapid cell fusion. During the duplicative phase most of the satellite cells appear round-shaped, whereas @entity2085 appear typically spindle-shaped: both cell types actively incorporate @entity665 . During the subsequent days of culture an increasing number of satellite cells becomes spindle-shaped; afterwards the cells contact each other and fuse into multinucleated myotubes. The majority of spindle-shaped satellite cells is unable to incorporate @entity665 , thus behaving as post-mitotic cells. Concomitantly with satellite cell fusion, an increase of about 80-fold of @entity908 phosphokinase (CPK) specific activity is observed. Satellite cells are able to recognize co-cultured @entity2085 ( @entity665 -labelled): hybrid myotubes containing labelled and unlabelled nuclei are formed in these experimental conditions. Satellite cells from dystrophic animals are able to differentiate in culture and do not show appreciable differences as compared to their normal counterparts. In @entity3986 , however, CPK specific activity is almost twice that observed in normal myotubes. @entity1 dystrophic satellite cells from biopsies of adult muscle cultured in similar conditions grow and fuse into multinucleated myotubes showing a behaviour identical to normal controls.

title: In vitro differentiation of satellite cells isolated from normal and dystrophic XXXX muscles. A comparison with embryonic myogenic cells.

entities_list: @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic myoblasts']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic myotubes']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['[3H]thymidine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neurochemical pathways involved in pathological @entity7298 and @entity28 are poorly understood. Although previous studies have shown increased  -opioid receptor ( @entity6253 ) and decreased @entity1633 (D2R) availability in addictive disorders, the role that these systems play in @entity1 @entity28 still remains unclear. We studied 13 morbidly @entity28 @entity1 [mean body mass index (BMI), 42 kg/m(2)] and 14 nonobese age-matched @entity1 , and measured brain @entity6253 and D2R availability using PET with selective radioligands [(11)C]carfentanil and [(11)C]raclopride, respectively. We also used quantitative meta-analytic techniques to pool previous evidence on the effects of @entity28 on altered D2R availability. Morbidly @entity28 subjects had significantly lower @entity6253 availability than control subjects in brain regions relevant for reward processing, including ventral striatum, insula, and thalamus. Moreover, in these areas, BMI correlated negatively with @entity6253 availability. Striatal @entity6253 availability was also negatively associated with self-reported food addiction and restrained eating patterns. There were no significant differences in D2R availability between @entity28 and nonobese subjects in any brain region. Meta-analysis confirmed that current evidence for altered D2R availability in @entity28 is only modest. Obesity appears to have unique neurobiological underpinnings in the reward circuit, whereby it is more similar to opioid addiction than to other addictive disorders. The opioid system modulates motivation and reward processing, and low  -opioid availability may promote @entity7298 to compensate decreased hedonic responses in this system. Behavioral and pharmacological strategies for recovering opioidergic function might thus be critical to curb the @entity28 epidemic.

title: Obesity Is Associated with Decreased  -Opioid But Unaltered XXXX Availability in the Brain.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity7298 :: ('MESH:D006963', 'Disease') :: ['overeating']

entities_list: @entity1633 :: ('1813', 'Gene') :: ['dopamine D2 receptor']

answer: @entity1633 :: (1813,Gene) :: ['Dopamine D2 Receptor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Autoimmune haemorrhaphilia XIII/13 (AH13) is an acquired life-threatening @entity3459 due to anti-factor XIII (FXIII) autoantibodies (auto-Abs). AH13 @entity1 may die of @entity548 without correct diagnosis and proper treatment because of lack of awareness and the absence of rapid easy-to-use tests specific for this disease. Currently, the definitive diagnosis is established by cumbersome and time-consuming laboratory tests such as dot-blot assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and therefore these tests are generally not carried out. To save AH13 @entity1 ' lives, there is an urgent necessity for developing a rapid test for FXIII auto-Abs. We first generated and characterised mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against @entity1 FXIII A subunit (FXIII-A), and then developed a rapid @entity1062 ( @entity1062 ) for detection of anti-FXIII-A auto-Abs using one mAb with a dissociation constant of 9.3 * 10        M. The auto-Ab-FXIII-A complex was captured by the mAb on a nitrocellulose membrane and visualised by Au-conjugated anti-human IgG Ab. Mixing with healthy control plasma improved the detection of auto-Abs in @entity1 having extremely low levels of FXIII-A. The specificity and sensitivity of the @entity1062 were 87   % and 94   %, respectively. We also detected auto-Abs against activated FXIII (FXIIIa) in three @entity1 by pre-converting FXIII to FXIIIa by thrombin treatment. @entity1062 values were significantly inversely correlated with FXIII activity levels, indicating an association between the quantity of anti-FXIII autoantibodies and AH13. This reliable rapid @entity1062 assay can be applied to a point-of-care test to detect anti-FXIII-A auto-Abs, and will contribute to early diagnosis and treatment of AH13.

title: Rapid XXXX for detection of anti-factor XIII A subunit antibodies can diagnose 90   % of cases with autoimmune haemorrhaphilia XIII/13.

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding disorder']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['immunochromatographic test', 'ICT']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

answer: @entity1062 :: (MESH:D013736,Disease) :: ['immunochromatographic test']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Imaging of the brachial plexus has come a long way and has progressed from plain radiography to CT and CT myelography to MRI. Evolution of MR imaging sequences has enabled good visualization of the small components of the plexus. The purpose of our study was to correlate the results of MR neurography (MRN) in @entity1 with traumatic @entity5300 with their operative findings. We wanted to determine the usefulness of MRN and how it influenced surgical planning and outcome. METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with features of traumatic @entity5300 who were referred to the MRI section of the Department of Radiology between September 2012 and January 2014 and subsequently underwent exploration were included in the study. MR neurography and operative findings were recorded at three levels of the brachial plexus-roots, trunks and cords. RESULTS: Findings at the level of roots and trunks were noted in 14 @entity1 each and at the level of the cords in 16 @entity1 . 10 @entity1 had involvement at all levels. Axillary nerve involvement as a solitary finding was noted in two @entity1 . These @entity1 were subsequently operated and their studies were assigned a score based on the feedback from the operating surgeons. The MRN study was scored as three (good), two (average) or one (poor) depending on whether the MR findings correlated with operative findings at all three levels, any two levels or at any one level, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: MR neurography is an extremely useful modality to image the traumatized brachial plexus. It influences both surgical planning and outcome/prognosis.

title: MR neurography in traumatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5300 :: ('MESH:D020516', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexopathy']

answer: @entity5300 :: (MESH:D020516,Disease) :: ['brachial plexopathy']


abstract: Most eye problems referred to vascular surgeons for workup of @entity66 are either transient ( @entity1939 fugax) or partial (retinal branch @entity432 ) @entity227 . @entity1 with more severe total infarcts of the retina (central retinal @entity432 ) or of the head of the optic nerve (" @entity1781 ") are seldom suspected of @entity66 and, in the latter case, are generally labeled idiopathic. An explanation for the difference in attitude towards these conditions is suggested. A prescribed carotid etiology for these various @entity6810 was explored in a study of 20 consecutive @entity1 who had @entity6810 . Special visualization of the neck, orbital, and retinal vasculature was obtained. Sixty percent had ipsilateral and 50% had contralateral @entity2998 . The ophthalmic artery and the posterior ciliary arteries showed intrinsic lesions each in 25% of cases. Our pilot study concludes that there is strong evidence that most of these @entity63 are related to @entity2998 , which is found in the majority of @entity1 . In a minority of them ischemic problems may be due to @entity3468 or to intrinsic disease of the ophthalmic artery. A more cohesive approach to the study and treatment of these different entities is supported by the suggestion of a common etiology for most of them. Close collaboration with ophthalmologists will be needed to improve the present management of these eye conditions.

title: XXXX and their carotid origin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['carotid disease']

entities_list: @entity6810 :: ('MESH:D018917', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic syndromes of the eye and optic nerve', 'acute ischemic eye/optic nerve problems']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic eye syndromes']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery disease']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['arteritis']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['amaurosis']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

answer: @entity6810 :: (MESH:D018917,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic ischemic syndromes of the retina and optic nerve']


abstract: PURPOSE: Selection of @entity1 for resection of synchronous liver metastases (LM) and @entity298 ( @entity298 ) of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) remains a debated issue since morbidity of this surgery is not negligible. We aimed to define @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) prognostic criteria in @entity1 undergoing @entity298 surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and LM resection. METHODS: This monocentric and comparative study included all consecutive @entity1 operated for LM (LM group, n  =  77), @entity298 (HIPEC group, n  =  18) and @entity298  +  LM (LM  +  HIPEC group, n  =  9) from January 2007 to May 2011. Characteristics of the 3 groups were prospectively collected and retrospectively compared. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 56,5 months. Major morbidity and mortality were respectively 14% and 3%. Two-year disease free and @entity1349 rates were respectively 23% and 76%. There were significantly more Dindo grade III-IV complications in LM  +  HIPEC group. In multivariate analysis, grade II and III preoperative chemotherapy-induced @entity137 and size of LM were identified as poor @entity1349 prognostic factors whereas response to preoperative chemotherapy significantly increases @entity1349 . @entity1349 was not different (p  =  0.235) between the 3 groups. CONCLUSION: @entity137 to preoperative chemotherapy and size of LM were identified as poor prognostic factors in @entity1 undergoing simultaneous @entity298 and LM surgery. These criteria could help in better selecting @entity1 for such extensive surgery.

title: XXXX with synchronous liver metastases from @entity14 : Who will benefit from complete cytoreductive surgery?

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal carcinomatosis', 'PC']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['Peritoneal carcinomatosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Selection of @entity1 for resection of synchronous liver metastases (LM) and @entity298 ( @entity298 ) of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) remains a debated issue since morbidity of this surgery is not negligible. We aimed to define @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) prognostic criteria in @entity1 undergoing @entity298 surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and LM resection. METHODS: This monocentric and comparative study included all consecutive @entity1 operated for LM (LM group, n  =  77), @entity298 (HIPEC group, n  =  18) and @entity298  +  LM (LM  +  HIPEC group, n  =  9) from January 2007 to May 2011. Characteristics of the 3 groups were prospectively collected and retrospectively compared. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 56,5 months. Major morbidity and mortality were respectively 14% and 3%. Two-year disease free and @entity1349 rates were respectively 23% and 76%. There were significantly more Dindo grade III-IV complications in LM  +  HIPEC group. In multivariate analysis, grade II and III preoperative chemotherapy-induced @entity137 and size of LM were identified as poor @entity1349 prognostic factors whereas response to preoperative chemotherapy significantly increases @entity1349 . @entity1349 was not different (p  =  0.235) between the 3 groups. CONCLUSION: @entity137 to preoperative chemotherapy and size of LM were identified as poor prognostic factors in @entity1 undergoing simultaneous @entity298 and LM surgery. These criteria could help in better selecting @entity1 for such extensive surgery.

title: @entity298 with synchronous liver metastases from XXXX : Who will benefit from complete cytoreductive surgery?

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ), also referred to as @entity189 , is the most common form of @entity150 in @entity235 , affecting tens of thousands of @entity235 worldwide each year. @entity235 @entity1606 is usually a high grade invasive @entity5 . Problems associated with @entity1606 include @entity5450 , distant metastases in >50% of affected @entity235 , and clinical signs that are troubling both to the @entity235 and to their owners. Risk factors for @entity1606 include exposure to older types of flea control products and lawn chemicals, @entity28 , female sex, and a very strong breed-associated risk. This knowledge is allowing pet owners to take steps to reduce the risk of @entity1606 in their @entity235 . The diagnosis of @entity1606 is made by histopathology of tissue biopsies obtained by cystoscopy, surgery, or catheter. Percutaneous aspirates and biopsies should be avoided due to the risk of @entity5 seeding. @entity1606 is most commonly located in the trigone region of the bladder precluding complete surgical resection. Medical treatment is the mainstay for @entity1606 therapy in @entity235 . Although @entity1606 is not usually curable in @entity235 , multiple drugs have activity against it. Approximately 75% of @entity235 respond favorably to @entity1606 treatment and can enjoy several months to a year or more of good quality life. Many promising new therapies for @entity1606 are emerging and with the close similarity between @entity1606 in @entity235 and high grade invasive @entity150 in @entity1 , new treatment strategies found to be successful in @entity235 studies are expected to help @entity235 and to be subsequently translated to @entity1 .

title: Management of transitional cell XXXX in @entity235 : a review.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['canine', 'Canine', 'dog', 'dogs']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract obstruction']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'urinary bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['Transitional cell carcinoma', 'TCC']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the urinary bladder']


abstract: @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ), also referred to as @entity189 , is the most common form of @entity150 in @entity235 , affecting tens of thousands of @entity235 worldwide each year. @entity235 @entity1606 is usually a high grade invasive @entity5 . Problems associated with @entity1606 include @entity5450 , distant metastases in >50% of affected @entity235 , and clinical signs that are troubling both to the @entity235 and to their owners. Risk factors for @entity1606 include exposure to older types of flea control products and lawn chemicals, @entity28 , female sex, and a very strong breed-associated risk. This knowledge is allowing pet owners to take steps to reduce the risk of @entity1606 in their @entity235 . The diagnosis of @entity1606 is made by histopathology of tissue biopsies obtained by cystoscopy, surgery, or catheter. Percutaneous aspirates and biopsies should be avoided due to the risk of @entity5 seeding. @entity1606 is most commonly located in the trigone region of the bladder precluding complete surgical resection. Medical treatment is the mainstay for @entity1606 therapy in @entity235 . Although @entity1606 is not usually curable in @entity235 , multiple drugs have activity against it. Approximately 75% of @entity235 respond favorably to @entity1606 treatment and can enjoy several months to a year or more of good quality life. Many promising new therapies for @entity1606 are emerging and with the close similarity between @entity1606 in @entity235 and high grade invasive @entity150 in @entity1 , new treatment strategies found to be successful in @entity235 studies are expected to help @entity235 and to be subsequently translated to @entity1 .

title: Management of transitional cell @entity150 in XXXX : a review.

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: AIM: To detect @entity1082 ) in the esophageal mucosa and the possible relationship with @entity418 in Greece. METHODS: Forty-nine @entity1 underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and esophageal biopsy at a university hospital that acts as a referral center for Northern Greece. Nineteen of these @entity1 (14 male and 5 female) had @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ) and 30 (15 male and 15 female) did not have any reported @entity5 . Histopathological assessment was followed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of all the samples. @entity1 demographic data (age, sex, and place of birth) and information regarding smoking habits, @entity285 consumption or sexual habits were collected. A method of statistical interference, verification of hypotheses based on homogeneity and independent   (2) test, was used. RESULTS: From the 49 @entity1 that underwent EGD and biopsy, 19 had @entity1721 and 30 had normal esophageal mucosa, with a mean age of 65.2 years. Regarding the prevalence of oncogenic risk factors for @entity418 , an interesting conclusion was that 78% of the @entity1 used @entity286 and almost one-third had multiple sexual partners, whereas only 20% of the @entity1 consumed @entity285 , which was not statistically significant, when compared to the control group. In the @entity1721 group, the only two positive samples were among the male @entity1 (2/14 male @entity1 with @entity1721 , 14.5%). No HPV was identified in the control group. The predominant HPV types identified were 11 and 31, which have a low malignancy potential. The presence of HPV DNA in the @entity1721 group was not statistically significant, 95% confidence interval (  2=3.292, P=0.07). CONCLUSION: This is the first relevant study in Greece, and despite the lack of statistical significance, the issue of @entity1083 and @entity1721 does merit further investigation.

title: Detection of XXXX DNA in @entity418 in Greece.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['ESCC', 'esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal carcinoma']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: AIM: To detect @entity1082 ) in the esophageal mucosa and the possible relationship with @entity418 in Greece. METHODS: Forty-nine @entity1 underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and esophageal biopsy at a university hospital that acts as a referral center for Northern Greece. Nineteen of these @entity1 (14 male and 5 female) had @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ) and 30 (15 male and 15 female) did not have any reported @entity5 . Histopathological assessment was followed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of all the samples. @entity1 demographic data (age, sex, and place of birth) and information regarding smoking habits, @entity285 consumption or sexual habits were collected. A method of statistical interference, verification of hypotheses based on homogeneity and independent   (2) test, was used. RESULTS: From the 49 @entity1 that underwent EGD and biopsy, 19 had @entity1721 and 30 had normal esophageal mucosa, with a mean age of 65.2 years. Regarding the prevalence of oncogenic risk factors for @entity418 , an interesting conclusion was that 78% of the @entity1 used @entity286 and almost one-third had multiple sexual partners, whereas only 20% of the @entity1 consumed @entity285 , which was not statistically significant, when compared to the control group. In the @entity1721 group, the only two positive samples were among the male @entity1 (2/14 male @entity1 with @entity1721 , 14.5%). No HPV was identified in the control group. The predominant HPV types identified were 11 and 31, which have a low malignancy potential. The presence of HPV DNA in the @entity1721 group was not statistically significant, 95% confidence interval (  2=3.292, P=0.07). CONCLUSION: This is the first relevant study in Greece, and despite the lack of statistical significance, the issue of @entity1083 and @entity1721 does merit further investigation.

title: Detection of @entity1082 DNA in XXXX in Greece.

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The symmetrical Lyon brace is a brace, usually used to maintain correction after a plaster cast reduction in the Cotrel's EDF (Elongation-Derotation-Flexion) frame. The new Lyon brace or ARTbrace is an immediate corrective brace based on some of the principles of the plaster cast which are improved due to advances in CAD/ @entity5380 technology. The aim of this paper is to describe concepts of this new brace to be not only a replacement of the plaster cast, but also a definitive brace. METHODS: Instead of a plaster cast, three segmental CAD/ @entity5380 moulds are made with the instantaneous full 3D raster stereography digitizer (Orten):In self axial elongationIn shift and lumbar lordosisIn shift and thoracic kyphosis A specific software (OrtenShape) makes up the overlay of the three moulds. Mould 1 is used for the pelvis and the shoulders mould 2 for the lumbar segment and mould 3 for the thoracic segment. The mathematical basis of the ARTbrace is the torso column which is a circled helicoid with horizontal circle generator. A torso column is reproduced in the opposite direction of the @entity1635 . Like the plaster cast, the ARTbrace is worn for a "total time" of 24  hours 7  days a week without modifying the standard protocol of the Lyon brace reduction. The prospective controlled cohort observational study of the 225 first @entity1 treated since May 2013 is reported below. RESULTS: The in-brace immediate reduction is: 0.7, i.e. 40% better with the ARTbrace than with a plaster cast. The correction of flat back is 9   (from 18  .4 to 28  .5 kyphosis Cobb angle). The improved aesthetic appearance is equal for rib hump and @entity15126 . CONCLUSION: This first paper is an introduction with very short results and does not prejudge the final outcome. The ARTbrace can be used not only to replace the plaster cast, but also as a definitive brace. The new segmental moulding with final detorsion is even more efficient and to this day the ARTbrace is the most effective to reduce the Cobb angle of @entity1635 .

title: Prospective study and new concepts based on XXXX detorsion of the first 225 early in-brace radiological results with the new Lyon brace: ARTbrace.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['scoliosis']


abstract: The BCR-ABL1-negative @entity5 ( @entity5 ) share an increased risk of @entity548 . Risk factors for @entity548 are less well defined than those for @entity715 . Because @entity1 with @entity4015 mutations have higher platelet counts compared to @entity4016 @entity4017 -mutated @entity1 , @entity548 rates may be increased in this group. Our aim was to retrospectively evaluate whether @entity2880 ( @entity2880 ), @entity1148 , mutational status, or treatment history are associated with @entity548 in a cohort of @entity5 @entity1 . Using an electronic database, @entity5 @entity1 seen between 2005 and 2013 were retrospectively identified using ICD-9 codes and billing records. A @entity548 event was defined as one that was identified in the medical record and graded based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event (CTCAE) version 4.0. Among 351 @entity5 @entity1 , 15.6 % experienced 64 @entity548 event types. There was no association of @entity548 with mutational status, gender, @entity5 subtype, @entity117 use, prior @entity715 , or platelet count at presentation. There was an association between @entity548 and older age at diagnosis. aVWD was identified in six @entity1 . In this single-center retrospective study, @entity548 events were identified in 15 % of @entity1 , and associated with older age at diagnosis. aVWD was rarely tested for in this cohort.

title: Bleeding complications in BCR-ABL negative XXXX : prevalence, type, and risk factors in a single-center cohort.

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications', 'hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative neoplasms', 'MPN']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['acquired von Willebrand disease', 'AvWD']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['myeloproliferative neoplasms']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of the @entity3036 in the obstetrics and gynecology department at the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo of Ouagadougou. It has been a descriptive crosssectional study over a period of 12 months from 1 April 2013 to 31 March 2014. The main criterion for inclusion in our sample was the occurrence of @entity410 in a pregnant more than 20 weeks of gestation or recently delivered with elevation of blood pressure and the presence of albumin in the urine. The @entity1 were followed from the onset of the crisis until hospital discharge. Data were collected and analyzed using Epi Info 3.5.1. The significance level of 5% was used for data comparison. We identified 203 cases of @entity3036 for 6063 deliveries that to say a frequency of 3.3%. The average age of @entity1 was 27.5 years [14-46]. In socio-demographic terms, @entity1 were housewives in 62.5% of cases, the average rate of the past-deliver number was 4.2 [0-11] and 47.7% of @entity1 were living as married. Clinically, they were referred in 72.4% of cases and were initially admitted into the service for elevation of blood pressure in 40.3% of cases. The mean gestational age was 31.5 weeks [23-41]; diastolic blood pressure exceeded 110 mmHg in 63.1% of cases. Therapeutically, all the @entity1 benefited from a treatment based in anticonvulsant by @entity2399 and antihypertensive therapy by @entity3360 , @entity1338 or @entity12833 . Maternal prognosis was marked by significant morbidity in 46 cases (22.6%) and mortality in 13 @entity1 that to say a fatality rate of 6.4%. The fetal one was dominated by a perinatal lethality in 31.5% of the cases. @entity3036 is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality in the University Teaching Hospital of Ouagadougou. The adoption of strategies for screening during antenatal consultations and early management should contribute to the reduction of the mortality in the mother and @entity1 couple in Burkina Faso.

title: [ XXXX at the University hospital Yalgado of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) from 1 April 2013 to 31 March 2014].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity2399 :: ('MESH:D008278', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity3360 :: ('MESH:D009529', 'Chemical') :: ['nicardipine']

entities_list: @entity12833 :: ('MESH:D008750', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-methyl-dopa']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia', 'Eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

answer: @entity3036 :: (MESH:D004461,Disease) :: ['Eclampsia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Between 20 and 30 bacteriologically confirmed cases of @entity1201 are diagnosed each year at the French National Reference Center for mycobacteria. @entity1 are mainly immigrants from various endemic countries or living in French overseas territories. We aimed at expanding data regarding the geographical distribution of the SNP genotypes of the @entity4430 isolates from these @entity1 . METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Skin biopsies were obtained from 71 @entity1201 @entity1 diagnosed between January 2009 and December 2013. Data regarding age, sex and place of birth and residence were also collected. Diagnosis of @entity1201 was confirmed by microscopic detection of acid-fast bacilli and/or amplification by PCR of the @entity4430 -specific RLEP region. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), present in the @entity4430 genome at positions 14 676, 1 642 875 and 2 935 685, were determined with an efficiency of 94% (67/71). Almost all @entity1 were from countries other than France where @entity1201 is still prevalent (n = 31) or from French overseas territories (n = 36) where @entity1201 is not totally eradicated, while only a minority (n = 4) was born in metropolitan France but have lived in other countries. SNP type 1 was predominant (n = 33), followed by type 3 (n = 17), type 4 (n = 11) and type 2 (n = 6). SNP types were concordant with those previously reported as prevalent in the @entity1 ' countries of birth. SNP types found in @entity1 born in countries other than France (Comoros, Haiti, Benin, Congo, @entity3595 Lanka) and French overseas territories (French Polynesia, Mayotte and La R  union) not covered by previous work correlated well with geographical location and history of @entity1 settlements. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The phylogenic analysis of @entity4430 strains isolated in France strongly suggests that French @entity1201 cases are caused by SNP types that are (a) concordant with the geographic origin or residence of the @entity1 (non-French countries, French overseas territories, metropolitan France) or (b) more likely random in regions where diverse migration flows occurred.

title: New Insights into the Geographic Distribution of XXXX SNP Genotypes Determined for Isolates from Leprosy Cases Diagnosed in Metropolitan France and French Territories.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

answer: @entity4430 :: (1769,Species) :: ['Mycobacterium leprae']


abstract: Objective @entity298 ( @entity298 ) @entity1 have an increased cardiovascular burden. In this study, we aimed to compare certain @entity298 solutions (Physioneal(  ) and Dianeal(  )) in terms of the ambulatory blood pressure, echocardiographic parameters (ECHO), @entity2998 , endothelial function and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level. Methods A total of 45 @entity298 @entity1 were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled study: 23 @entity1 in the Dianeal(  ) group and 22 @entity1 in the Physioneal(  ) group. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements, echocardiography, carotid artery intima-media thickness measurements and @entity384 ( @entity384 ) and ADMA values were obtained at baseline and 12 months. Results The baseline parameters were similar between the groups with respect to the echocardiographic parameters, 24-hour ambulatory blood monitoring measurements and ADMA and @entity384 levels. All 24-hour blood pressure monitoring measurements, except for the average daytime systolic blood pressure, were significantly decreased in both groups at the first year. In the Physioneal(  ) group, a significant decrease was observed with regard to the ADMA levels. Considering the @entity384 values, significant augmentation was seen at the end of the first year in both groups. Improvements in the @entity384 measurements were prominent in the Physioneal(  ) group; however, this finding was not statistically significant. Conclusion The use of solutions with a neutral pH in @entity298 @entity1 results in decreased ADMA levels, which may be an important contributor to reductions in the incidence of @entity65 and @entity204 in this population.

title: Effects of dialysis solution on the cardiovascular function in peritoneal dialysis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['flow mediated dilatation', 'FMD']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['Peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nuclear polarity is characterized by intracytoplasmic nuclear positioning and alignment in the tissue. The mechanisms responsible for maintaining nuclear polarity in normal cells and its disturbance in neoplastic cells are not understood. We studied microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) positioning-mediated nuclear polarity in various normal and neoplastic @entity1 tissues, as well as in cultured cells. To visualize the MTOC in cells, gamma-tubulin and @entity16144 were immunohistochemically stained by fluorescence and non-fluorescence methods. Position of MTOC in normal and neoplastic tissue was assessed by spatial relationship with nucleus and apico-basal axis. We found MTOC positioning to be related to morphogenesis in various normal and neoplastic @entity1 tissues, as well as in cultured cells. MTOC positions were different between two-dimensional cultured isolated cells and three-dimensional cultured gland-formed cells. The MTOC position was specific depending on the cell type in the tissue structure. In particular, glandular and urothelial epithelium had a strong relationship with preservation of nuclear polarity and MTOC positioning. @entity189 cells showed an irregular position or absence of the MTOC depending on poorer differentiation and higher grade of @entity189 . In conclusion, the position of the MTOC affects regulation of nuclear polarity and morphogenesis of normal and pathological tissue structure.

title: Microtubule-organizing center-mediated nuclear polarity in various normal and neoplastic XXXX tissues.

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'Carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: We investigated whether glomerular hemodynamic parameters in nondiabetic subjects, including healthy subjects, are associated with glycemic status indices, by simultaneous measurement of inulin ( @entity8046 ) and para-aminohippuric acid (CPHA) clearance. Twenty-six subjects (age 49.5      13.3  years; 13 @entity1 and 13 @entity1 ; 14 healthy subjects and 12 subjects with mild @entity644 ) were enrolled. @entity8046 and @entity8045 were measured simultaneously. All 26 subjects were nondiabetics. Estimated preglomerular resistance, estimated postglomerular resistance, and estimated glomerular hydrostatic pressure (Pglo) were calculated according to Gomez' formula. Pglo correlated significantly and positively with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in both healthy subjects (r  =  0.532, P  =  0.0498) and subjects with mild @entity644 (r  =  0.681, P  =  0.015). While there was no significant correlation between estimated preglomerular resistance and HbA1c, estimated postglomerular resistance correlated significantly and positively with HbA1c both in healthy subjects (r  =  0.643, P  =  0.013) and subjects with mild @entity644 (r  =  0.589, P  =  0.044). Glomerular filtration fraction, estimated Pglo and estimated postglomerular resistance in total subjects were associated significantly with HbA1c after adjustment for age, gender, and body mass index. These results demonstrate that, even in nondiabetic subjects, glycemic status is associated with estimated postglomerular resistance, but not estimated preglomerular resistance. It is suggested that increased estimated postglomerular resistance associated with higher HbA1c levels, even within the normal range, causes increased estimated Pglo, leading to increased FF. Thus, hemodynamic abnormalities associated with higher HbA1c levels may be related to glomerular @entity101 , even in nondiabetic subjects.

title: Significant association between glycemic status and increased estimated postglomerular resistance in nondiabetic subjects - study of inulin and para-aminohippuric acid clearance in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: The objective of the present study was to isolate, identify and characterize new LAB strains with high probiotic potentials from Iranian (Isfahan) indigenous @entity1573 . From 90 isolated LABs, 11 isolates had high growth rate under different stress conditions, including acid (pH 2.5), bile (0.5% oxgall), salt (6-15%) and temperatures 15 and 45  C, and their aggregation time was less than 120 min. Based on the molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, the isolates belonged to two @entity14897 and @entity6374 species. The isolates showed different tolerance to 16 clinically and veterinary relevant antibiotics, and most of them were resistant to or semi-tolerant of 7-15 different studied antibiotics. The Es11, Es12, Es3 and Es13 strains with resistance to or semi-tolerance of 15, 14 and 13 different antibiotics, respectively, were the most tolerant strains. The selected isolates showed a wide range of antimicrobial activity against 7 different pathogenic strains. All the isolates exhibited antagonistic activity against @entity526 , @entity26045 , @entity11621 and @entity794 . The isolates Es6 and Es11 with high antagonistic activity and resistance against 6 of the studied pathogens were the most powerful antagonistic isolates. The values and types of adhesion to the Caco-2 cell cultures were significantly different (0-40 bacteria/Caco-2 cell), and the maximum adhesion was observed for the isolates Es6 and Es13 with 35 and 40 bacteria adhesion/cell, respectively. Finally, based on all the experiments, 7 strains, including Es1, Es6, Es7, Es11, Es12 and Es13, were selected for the further in vivo assays and possible use in the poultry industry.

title: Characterization of some potentially probiotic XXXX strains isolated from Iranian native @entity1573 .

entities_list: @entity26045 :: ('1354', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus hirae']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity11621 :: ('28901', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella enterica']

entities_list: @entity14897 :: ('1624', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus salivarius']

answer: @entity6374 :: (1598,Species) :: ['Lactobacillus']


abstract: The objective of the present study was to isolate, identify and characterize new LAB strains with high probiotic potentials from Iranian (Isfahan) indigenous @entity1573 . From 90 isolated LABs, 11 isolates had high growth rate under different stress conditions, including acid (pH 2.5), bile (0.5% oxgall), salt (6-15%) and temperatures 15 and 45  C, and their aggregation time was less than 120 min. Based on the molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, the isolates belonged to two @entity14897 and @entity6374 species. The isolates showed different tolerance to 16 clinically and veterinary relevant antibiotics, and most of them were resistant to or semi-tolerant of 7-15 different studied antibiotics. The Es11, Es12, Es3 and Es13 strains with resistance to or semi-tolerance of 15, 14 and 13 different antibiotics, respectively, were the most tolerant strains. The selected isolates showed a wide range of antimicrobial activity against 7 different pathogenic strains. All the isolates exhibited antagonistic activity against @entity526 , @entity26045 , @entity11621 and @entity794 . The isolates Es6 and Es11 with high antagonistic activity and resistance against 6 of the studied pathogens were the most powerful antagonistic isolates. The values and types of adhesion to the Caco-2 cell cultures were significantly different (0-40 bacteria/Caco-2 cell), and the maximum adhesion was observed for the isolates Es6 and Es13 with 35 and 40 bacteria adhesion/cell, respectively. Finally, based on all the experiments, 7 strains, including Es1, Es6, Es7, Es11, Es12 and Es13, were selected for the further in vivo assays and possible use in the poultry industry.

title: Characterization of some potentially probiotic @entity6374 strains isolated from Iranian native XXXX .

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chickens']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although menstrual cycle length is one of the main concerns of @entity1 and may have important health consequences, little is known about its predictors. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of menstrual cycle length variability in healthy @entity1 . DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. @entity1 : 200 healthy @entity1 aged 21-45. MEASUREMENTS: A questionnaire was administered to determine lifestyle factors. Ovarian parameters, metabolic parameters, pituitary hormones, sex @entity230 , and anti- m  llerian hormone ( @entity248 ) were measured. RESULTS: @entity1 with long (>= 35 days) and normal (25-34 days) menstrual cycles had >5-fold and >2-fold higher serum @entity248 levels, respectively, compared to those with short cycles (<25 days). Menstrual cycle length was associated with age but not lifestyle factors. Only one factor group (- @entity248 , antral follicle count [AFC], ovarian volume, testosterone and LH) was significantly associated with menstrual cycle length. Within this factor group, only the ovarian parameters ( @entity248 , AFC, ovarian volume) predicted menstrual cycle length. Each SD increase in @entity248 (32.9 pmol/L) and ovarian volume (2.29 cm(3) ) was associated with 2.80-fold (95% CI: 1.67-4.69) and 1.62-fold (95% CI: 1.08-2.43) increased risks, respectively, for longer menstrual cycles. CONCLUSIONS: @entity248 , AFC, and ovarian volume are positively associated with menstrual cycle length in healthy @entity1 . Our identification of @entity248 as an independent predictor of menstrual cycle length puts forth a new notion of utilizing menstrual cycle length to predict possible @entity248 -dependent/associated outcomes. In addition, this novel relationship may facilitate the interpretation of @entity248 levels and its clinico-pathological significance across different centres. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Anti-m  llerian hormone, antral follicle count and ovarian volume predict menstrual cycle length in healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity3981 is a rare @entity5 with a poor prognosis. Compared to @entity1124 , its molecular features are poorly known. We studied a total of 11 @entity3981 , including 3 by exome and 4 by target sequencing. Exome sequencing revealed 65 nonsynonymous mutations and 22 indels with a mutation rate of 3.4 mutations/Mb per @entity5 , on average. By accounting for not only somatic but also germline mutations with loss of the wild-type allele, we identified recurrent mutations of @entity2674 and FAT genes. @entity2674 showed somatic or germline premature termination mutations, with loss of the wild-type allele in 3 of 7 @entity5 . @entity23138 , @entity68493 , and @entity70215 showed somatic or germline missense mutations in 4 of 7 @entity5 . The germline FAT mutations were with loss of the wild-type allele. Loss of @entity2674 expression was observed in 5 of 11 @entity5 . One @entity1 with a @entity2674 -mutated @entity5 experienced complete remission of liver @entity3 following @entity900 chemotherapy. In conclusion, @entity3981 show a distinct mutation pattern and often harbor somatic or germline mutations of @entity2674 and FAT genes. This result may warrant assessment of @entity2674 abrogation in @entity1 with the @entity189 to determine their sensitivity to chemotherapy.

title: Whole exome sequencing reveals recurrent mutations in @entity2674 and FAT genes in XXXX of the pancreas.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatinum']

entities_list: @entity3981 :: ('MESH:D018267', 'Disease') :: ['Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas', 'acinar cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3981 :: (MESH:D018267,Disease) :: ['acinar cell carcinomas']


abstract: @entity3981 is a rare @entity5 with a poor prognosis. Compared to @entity1124 , its molecular features are poorly known. We studied a total of 11 @entity3981 , including 3 by exome and 4 by target sequencing. Exome sequencing revealed 65 nonsynonymous mutations and 22 indels with a mutation rate of 3.4 mutations/Mb per @entity5 , on average. By accounting for not only somatic but also germline mutations with loss of the wild-type allele, we identified recurrent mutations of @entity2674 and FAT genes. @entity2674 showed somatic or germline premature termination mutations, with loss of the wild-type allele in 3 of 7 @entity5 . @entity23138 , @entity68493 , and @entity70215 showed somatic or germline missense mutations in 4 of 7 @entity5 . The germline FAT mutations were with loss of the wild-type allele. Loss of @entity2674 expression was observed in 5 of 11 @entity5 . One @entity1 with a @entity2674 -mutated @entity5 experienced complete remission of liver @entity3 following @entity900 chemotherapy. In conclusion, @entity3981 show a distinct mutation pattern and often harbor somatic or germline mutations of @entity2674 and FAT genes. This result may warrant assessment of @entity2674 abrogation in @entity1 with the @entity189 to determine their sensitivity to chemotherapy.

title: Whole exome sequencing reveals recurrent mutations in XXXX and FAT genes in @entity3981 of the pancreas.

answer: @entity2674 :: (675,Gene) :: ['BRCA2']


abstract: PURPOSE: Standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) rarely identifies the cause of @entity548 in @entity1 with an angiogram-negative, non-perimesencephalic @entity510 ( @entity510 ). Yet up to 10   % of these @entity1 have recurrent @entity548 . The aim of the study was to explore the potential role of high-resolution contrast-enhanced 3-Tesla vessel wall-MRI in @entity1 with angiogram-negative @entity510 . METHODS: We performed intracranial vessel wall-MRI of the circle of Willis using a 3-Tesla scanner in consecutive @entity1 presenting with a spontaneous, angiogram-negative, non-perimesencephalic @entity510 . Vessel wall-MRI included T1-, T2-, and @entity2287 -enhanced T1-weighted two-dimensional black-blood sequences in multiple planes (voxel size 0.4   *   0.4   *   2.0  mm). Two neuroradiologists independently scored abnormalities of the arterial wall. RESULTS: In all, 11 @entity1 (mean age 59 years) underwent vessel wall-MRI. A total of seven @entity1 had vessel wall abnormalities despite normal catheter angiography. Two @entity1 had focal abnormalities contiguous with the outer margin of the basilar artery wall for which we considered a differential of ruptured @entity439 , @entity439 , and loculated extramural blood from elsewhere. Two @entity1 had arterial wall enhancement involving multiple arteries, possibly secondary to @entity510 . Three @entity1 had arterial wall enhancement at sites of dural penetration, remote from the @entity510 , likely related to age and @entity731 risk factors. Vessel wall-MRI did not alter @entity1 management in this cohort. CONCLUSION: Vessel wall-MRI showed abnormalities in seven @entity1 with angiogram-negative @entity510 . These findings did not alter @entity1 management, but the findings may be useful for other physicians who choose to perform vessel wall-MRI in this @entity1 population.

title: High-Resolution Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Angiogram-Negative Non-Perimesencephalic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['blood blister aneurysm', 'thrombosed aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Doctors who are diagnosed with @entity0 form a small subset of @entity1 with unique insight into their disease. The aim of this study was to compare key treatment decisions in medically-qualified doctors with equivalent degree-educated, matched controls diagnosed with early @entity0 . METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 between 01/01/2006 and 31/12/2011 were included and screened for occupation by 2 independent investigators. Allied health professionals with a medical background (e.g. nurses, physiotherapists) were excluded. @entity1 controls were matched by age, nodal status and grade. If there were more than 5 possible matches then those @entity1 with the closest @entity5 size were selected. RESULTS: 5259 of 8623 @entity1 had signed the generic research consent form. 619 of these were either doctors, or had received tertiary level education and could form appropriate controls. After exclusions, 46 medically-qualified doctors and 230 matched control @entity1 were included in the analysis. No statistical differences in age or @entity5 characteristics were identified between doctors with @entity0 and matched controls. No differences were identified between the two groups in the uptake of mastectomy, chemotherapy, immediate breast reconstruction or post-mastectomy radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: Medically-qualified @entity1 diagnosed with early @entity0 are no more likely to opt for mastectomy, chemotherapy, immediate breast reconstruction or post-mastectomy radiotherapy than non-medically-qualified controls. The level of information generally provided to @entity1 with @entity0 is adequate for a similar decision to be made by control @entity1 with equivalent levels of education, independent of any knowledge of pathology or understanding of the medical system that medically-qualified @entity1 may possess.

title: A case-control study of treatment choices made by doctors diagnosed with early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nanoshell-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) is currently being investigated as a standalone therapy for the treatment of @entity5 . The cellular effects of PTT include loss of membrane integrity, so we hypothesized that nanoshell-mediated PTT could potentiate the @entity137 of chemotherapy by improving drug accumulation in @entity5 cells. In this work, we validated our hypothesis using @entity632 as a model drug and SUM149 @entity0 cells as a model @entity5 subtype. In initial studies, SUM149 cells were exposed to nano-shells and near-infrared light and then stained with @entity5611 homodimer-1, which is excluded from cells with an intact plasma membrane. The results confirmed that nanoshell-mediated PTT could increase membrane permeability in SUM149 cells. In complementary experiments, SUM149 cells treated with nanoshells, near-infrared light, or a combination of the two to yield low-dose PTT were exposed to fluorescent @entity3514 . Analyzing @entity3514 fluorescence in cells via flow cytometry confirmed that increased membrane permeability caused by PTT could enhance drug accumulation in cells. This was validated using fluorescence microscopy to assess intracellular distribution of @entity632 . In succeeding experiments, SUM149 cells were exposed to subtherapeutic levels of @entity632 , low-dose PTT, or a combination of the two treatments to determine whether the additional drug uptake induced by PTT is sufficient to enhance cell death. Analysis revealed minimal loss of viability relative to controls in cells exposed to subtherapeutic levels of @entity632 , 15% loss of viability in cells exposed to low-dose PTT, and 35% loss of viability in cells exposed to combination therapy. These data indicate that nanoshell-mediated PTT is a viable strategy to potentiate the effects of chemotherapy and warrant further investigation of this approach using other drugs and @entity5 subtypes.

title: Nanoshell-mediated photothermal therapy can enhance chemotherapy in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity5611 :: ('MESH:D004996', 'Chemical') :: ['ethidium']

entities_list: @entity3514 :: ('CHEBI:8828', 'Chemical') :: ['rhodamine 123']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['inflammatory breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Soy supplements are often recommended in the management of menopause symptoms. The declared content of soy supplements is commonly expressed as total @entity6400 per dosage form. Given that soy @entity6400 have different estrogenic potencies, pharmacokinetics and metabolism, the aim of this study was to evaluate the total @entity3093 content and the aglycone profile of seven soy supplements and one soy seed extract. Label accuracy was assessed, in relation to the precise content and the recommended posology for estimating whether the optimal dose is achieved for alleviating menopause symptoms. METHODS: A high performance liquid chromatography method was developed for evaluating the aglycone content ( @entity670 , @entity8139 , @entity8136 ). After extraction and acidic hydrolysis, the aglycones were separated on a C18 column, using 0.1% @entity1543 and @entity1626 as mobile phases. The flow rate was 1.5mL @entity1009 ) and the UV detector wavelength was set at 260nm. A linear relationship was found in the range 5-80 g mL(-1). The method was validated using the accuracy profile methodology. RESULTS: The total @entity3093 content ranged from 6.07 to 41.68mg dosage form(-1). Various aglycone profiles were obtained for each supplement which can result in a different estrogenic activity, bioavailability and finally, in a different efficiency in alleviating menopause symptoms. In most clinical trials where soy @entity6400 were evaluated, little attention was paid to determining the exact aglycone profile of the employed soy extracts. CONCLUSIONS: As clinical outcomes continue to be controversial, this study highlights the need of standardization in @entity670 , rather than total @entity6400 and labeling accuracy for soy supplements.

title: Assessment of XXXX aglycones variability in soy food supplements using a validated HPLC-UV method.

entities_list: @entity8139 :: ('MESH:C004742', 'Chemical') :: ['daidzein']

entities_list: @entity6400 :: ('MESH:D007529', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavones']

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['genistein']

entities_list: @entity3093 :: ('CHEBI:18220', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavone']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity8136 :: ('MESH:C086566', 'Chemical') :: ['glycitein']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity3093 :: (CHEBI:18220,Chemical) :: ['isoflavone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Weight loss during chemotherapy is a significant prognostic factor for poor survival in @entity1 with advanced @entity356 (AGC). However, in most studies, @entity353 was measured at the end of chemotherapy, limiting its clinical use. In this study, we evaluated whether @entity353 during the first month of chemotherapy could predict survival outcomes in @entity1 with AGC. METHODS: We analyzed 719 @entity1 with metastatic or recurrent AGC who were receiving palliative chemotherapy. We calculated the initial body mass index (BMIi), percent @entity353 after 1  month of chemotherapy (  W 1m), percent @entity353 after last administration of chemotherapy (  W end), and average @entity353 per month during chemotherapy (  W/m). We correlated these data with overall survival (OS) by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier curves, and performed a subgroup analysis using Cox regression. RESULTS: The probabilities of longer OS had stronger correlations with   W/m and   W 1m than with   W end or BMIi. A significant positive correlation between   W 1m and   W/m (r (2)  =  0.591, p  <  0.001) was observed. Median OS of @entity1 with   W 1m more than 3  % was significantly shorter than in @entity1 with less @entity353 (OS: 9.7 vs. 16.3  months, p  <  0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that   W 1m accompanied poor survival irrespective of other clinical characteristics. CONCLUSION: Weight loss at the very first month of palliative chemotherapy could predict unfavorable survival outcomes in AGC.

title: Weight loss at the first month of palliative chemotherapy predicts survival outcomes in @entity1 with advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Weight loss during chemotherapy is a significant prognostic factor for poor survival in @entity1 with advanced @entity356 (AGC). However, in most studies, @entity353 was measured at the end of chemotherapy, limiting its clinical use. In this study, we evaluated whether @entity353 during the first month of chemotherapy could predict survival outcomes in @entity1 with AGC. METHODS: We analyzed 719 @entity1 with metastatic or recurrent AGC who were receiving palliative chemotherapy. We calculated the initial body mass index (BMIi), percent @entity353 after 1  month of chemotherapy (  W 1m), percent @entity353 after last administration of chemotherapy (  W end), and average @entity353 per month during chemotherapy (  W/m). We correlated these data with overall survival (OS) by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier curves, and performed a subgroup analysis using Cox regression. RESULTS: The probabilities of longer OS had stronger correlations with   W/m and   W 1m than with   W end or BMIi. A significant positive correlation between   W 1m and   W/m (r (2)  =  0.591, p  <  0.001) was observed. Median OS of @entity1 with   W 1m more than 3  % was significantly shorter than in @entity1 with less @entity353 (OS: 9.7 vs. 16.3  months, p  <  0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that   W 1m accompanied poor survival irrespective of other clinical characteristics. CONCLUSION: Weight loss at the very first month of palliative chemotherapy could predict unfavorable survival outcomes in AGC.

title: Weight loss at the first month of palliative chemotherapy predicts survival outcomes in XXXX with advanced @entity356 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical improvement of a total posterior arthroplasty system in the surgical management of lumbar @entity179 and or @entity612 . METHODS: During a 1-year period (June 2006 to July 2007), ten @entity1 were enrolled in a non-randomized prospective clinical study. The primary indication was @entity613 due to @entity612 with single-level @entity179 . @entity1 were evaluated with X-rays and MRI scans, visual analog scale (VAS) for back and leg @entity158 , the @entity717 questionnaire, and the SF-36 health survey preoperatively, at 6  weeks, 3  months and 6  months and at 1, 2, 3 and 7  years postoperatively. RESULTS: The VAS score for back @entity158 dropped from 56.2 preoperatively to 12.5 at 6  weeks and 19 at 7  years follow-up. The VAS score for worse leg @entity158 dropped from 83.5 before surgery to 13 at 6  weeks and 8.8 at 7  years follow-up. The ODI dropped from 49.1 preoperatively to 13.5 at 6  weeks and 7.8 at 7  years follow-up. MRI examination at 7  years after surgery did not demonstrate stenosis adjacent to the stabilized segment. Spondylolisthesis did not progress in any of the cases. One @entity1 had a symptomatic L3-L4 far lateral disc herniation 5  years after surgery whose symptoms resolved with non-operative treatment. In one @entity1 , conversion to posterolateral fusion was performed due to an early device malfunction. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity612 and @entity179 , decompression and posterior arthroplasty with the TOPS System can maintain clinical improvement and radiologic stability over time.

title: Seven years follow-up for total lumbar facet joint replacement (TOPS) in the management of lumbar spinal stenosis and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity612 :: ('MESH:D013130', 'Disease') :: ['spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic claudication']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative spondylolisthesis']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry disability']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['degenerative spondylolisthesis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The goal of this study was to assess the incidence of soft tissue injury in the @entity174 by magnetic resonance image (MRI) and reveal the relationship between the articular widening/ @entity308 and the risk of meniscus and @entity74 . A total of 54 @entity1 with @entity174 were indicated for operative intervention. Soft tissue injuries were assessed by MRI. Meniscus, anterior/posterior cruciate ligaments and medial/lateral collateral ligaments injuries on MRI were evaluated. The articular widening/ @entity308 was measured in picture archiving and communication systems. Schatzker classification of fracture types was not significantly associated with soft tissue injuries. The rates of soft tissue injury in types IV and II (respectively, 85.7 and 74.1  %) were higher than those in other types. The @entity130 was the most common soft tissue damage, and the incidence of @entity130 was 55.6  %. When LPDCT and LPWCT were, respectively, about 7.6  mm and 10.1  mm and LPDX-ray and LPWX-ray, respectively, 5.6 and 7.4  mm, more attention should be paid on the collateral and cruciate @entity130 in types I, II and III. Furthermore, when LPWCT and LPWX-ray were, respectively, about 10.3 and 8.6  mm, the collateral and cruciate ligaments were susceptible to injury in types IV and V. In conclusion, @entity174 can occur high morbidity of soft tissue injury, including meniscus and @entity74 . X-ray and CT scan had different predicting standards for soft tissue injury, and the articular widening/ @entity308 in the tibial plateau was associated with meniscus and @entity130 .

title: The distinct prediction standards for radiological assessments associated with soft tissue injuries in the acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['tibial plateau fracture']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['ligament disorder']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ligament injuries', 'meniscus injury']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['tibial plateau fracture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Postprandial metabolic response depends on the meals' components and can be different in normal weight and @entity28 @entity1 . However, there are some discrepancies between various reports. The aim of this study was to determine the metabolic response after intake of standardised meals with various fat and @entity1735 contents and to determine the differences among normal weight and overweight/ @entity28 individuals. The study group comprised 46 healthy @entity1 . The @entity1 were divided into two groups and study was carried out using a crossover method. Group I received high- and normal- @entity1735 meals, whereas group II received high- @entity1735 and high-fat meals. @entity413 , insulin, @entity412 , and @entity3691 levels were measured at fasting state and at 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after meal intake. Despite the lack of differences in @entity413 levels, insulin levels were higher among overweight/ @entity28 individuals after each meal. TG and FFA levels were higher after normal- @entity1735 and high-fat meals. Moreover, in overweight/ @entity28 young @entity1 after high-fat meal intake postprandial @entity2298 was observed, even if meals contained predominantly @entity1474 , and fasting @entity1674 levels were in normal range. The conducted study showed that postprandial metabolic response depends not only on the meal macronutrient content but also on the current body mass index (BMI).

title: Intake of Meals Containing High Levels of Carbohydrates or High Levels of XXXX Induces Postprandial Dysmetabolism in Young Overweight/Obese @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['unsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity3691 :: ('MESH:D005230', 'Chemical') :: ['free fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity1474 :: (MESH:D005231,Chemical) :: ['Unsaturated Fatty Acids']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Postprandial metabolic response depends on the meals' components and can be different in normal weight and @entity28 @entity1 . However, there are some discrepancies between various reports. The aim of this study was to determine the metabolic response after intake of standardised meals with various fat and @entity1735 contents and to determine the differences among normal weight and overweight/ @entity28 individuals. The study group comprised 46 healthy @entity1 . The @entity1 were divided into two groups and study was carried out using a crossover method. Group I received high- and normal- @entity1735 meals, whereas group II received high- @entity1735 and high-fat meals. @entity413 , insulin, @entity412 , and @entity3691 levels were measured at fasting state and at 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after meal intake. Despite the lack of differences in @entity413 levels, insulin levels were higher among overweight/ @entity28 individuals after each meal. TG and FFA levels were higher after normal- @entity1735 and high-fat meals. Moreover, in overweight/ @entity28 young @entity1 after high-fat meal intake postprandial @entity2298 was observed, even if meals contained predominantly @entity1474 , and fasting @entity1674 levels were in normal range. The conducted study showed that postprandial metabolic response depends not only on the meal macronutrient content but also on the current body mass index (BMI).

title: Intake of Meals Containing High Levels of Carbohydrates or High Levels of @entity1474 Induces Postprandial Dysmetabolism in Young Overweight/Obese XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: Having three or more persisting (i.e. > 3 months) @entity6413 ( @entity6413 ) affects a significant number of @entity1 after a mild @entity131 (mTBI). A common complaint is @entity73 . However, several meta-analyses have found no evidence of long-term @entity73 in mTBI @entity1 . The study sought to answer two questions: first, is there a difference in cognitive performance between @entity6413 and recovered mTBI @entity1 ? Second, is lower cognitive reserve a risk factor for developing @entity6413 ? RESEARCH DESIGN: Prospective inception cohort study. METHODS AND PROCEDURE: One hundred and twenty-two adult @entity1 were recruited from emergency departments within 24 hours of an mTBI. Three months @entity130 , @entity1 completed the Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire and a neuropsychological assessment. A healthy control group (n = 35) were recruited. The estimate of cognitive reserve was based upon sub-test Information from Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and international classifications of educational level and occupational skill level. MAIN OUTCOME AND RESULTS: mTBI @entity1 showed reduced memory performance. @entity1 with lower cognitive reserve were 4.14-times more likely to suffer from @entity6413 . CONCLUSIONS: mTBI may be linked to @entity2414 . Lower cognitive reserve appears to be a risk factor for @entity6413 and indicates individual vulnerabilities.

title: Cognitive reserve and persistent @entity6413 -A prospective mild XXXX (mTBI) cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['subtle executive memory deficits']

entities_list: @entity6413 :: ('MESH:D038223', 'Disease') :: ['PCS', 'post-concussion symptoms']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['post-injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: Having three or more persisting (i.e. > 3 months) @entity6413 ( @entity6413 ) affects a significant number of @entity1 after a mild @entity131 (mTBI). A common complaint is @entity73 . However, several meta-analyses have found no evidence of long-term @entity73 in mTBI @entity1 . The study sought to answer two questions: first, is there a difference in cognitive performance between @entity6413 and recovered mTBI @entity1 ? Second, is lower cognitive reserve a risk factor for developing @entity6413 ? RESEARCH DESIGN: Prospective inception cohort study. METHODS AND PROCEDURE: One hundred and twenty-two adult @entity1 were recruited from emergency departments within 24 hours of an mTBI. Three months @entity130 , @entity1 completed the Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire and a neuropsychological assessment. A healthy control group (n = 35) were recruited. The estimate of cognitive reserve was based upon sub-test Information from Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and international classifications of educational level and occupational skill level. MAIN OUTCOME AND RESULTS: mTBI @entity1 showed reduced memory performance. @entity1 with lower cognitive reserve were 4.14-times more likely to suffer from @entity6413 . CONCLUSIONS: mTBI may be linked to @entity2414 . Lower cognitive reserve appears to be a risk factor for @entity6413 and indicates individual vulnerabilities.

title: Cognitive reserve and persistent XXXX -A prospective mild @entity131 (mTBI) cohort study.

answer: @entity6413 :: (MESH:D038223,Disease) :: ['post-concussion symptoms']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity354 ( @entity354 ) and @entity355 ( @entity355 ) have been considered to be the most important known risk factors for @entity420 ( @entity420 ). It has been the fastest growing @entity5 in the Western World and has occurred against a backdrop of progressive reduction in the risk estimate of @entity5 associated with @entity355 and no reduction in mortality from @entity420 using the prevailing screening and surveillance guidelines. The recently published link between high risk HPV and Barrett's @entity1141 / @entity5 may be the 'missing' strong risk factor responsible for the significant rise of @entity420 since the 1970's, as has been the case with @entity135 , another viral associated @entity5 . @entity876 immunohistochemistry has been proposed as a good molecular marker for predicting disease progression in @entity2403 . Nevertheless, significant negative staining for this mutation in @entity2403 remains a major hurdle to widespread routine clinical use as a sole molecular marker. Recent data raises the distinct possibility of at least 2 (probably more) carcinogenic pathways operating in @entity420 . One is HPV mediated devoid largely of @entity876 mutations and the other @entity876 dependent. The joint use of both these markers as part of a molecular panel may represent the best bet yet of detecting the high risk group of progressors to @entity420 . @entity1 who are positive for either or both biomarkers i.e @entity876 or/and transcriptional markers of HPV may warrant more intensive screening. In future, genome wide technology may provide molecular signatures to aid diagnosis and risk stratification in @entity355 .

title: XXXX : Can meaningful screening and surveillance guidelines be formulated based on new data and rejigging the old paradigm?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck tumours']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's oesophagus", 'BO']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease', 'GORD']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal adenocarcinoma', 'OAC']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity355 :: (MESH:D001471,Disease) :: ['Barrett's oesophagus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity354 is a neonatal emergency surgery whose prognosis has improved significantly in industrialised countries in recent decades. In sub-Saharan Africa, this @entity600 is still responsible for a high morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to analyse the diagnostic difficulties and its impact on the prognosis of this @entity600 in our work environment. @entity1 AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study over 4 years on 49 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1152 in the 2 Paediatric Surgery Departments in Dakar. RESULTS: The average age was 4 days (0-10 days), 50% of them had a severe pneumonopathy. The average time of surgical management was 27 h (6-96 h). In the series, we noted 10 preoperative @entity204 . The average age at surgery was 5.7 days with a range of 1-18 days. The surgery mortality rate is 28 @entity1 (72%) including 4 late @entity204 . CONCLUSION: The causes of death were mainly sepsis, @entity299 and @entity834 .

title: XXXX : Diagnosis and prognosis in Dakar, Senegal.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leaks']

entities_list: @entity1152 :: ('MESH:D004933', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal atresia']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['Oesophageal atresia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac decompensation']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['Oesophageal atresia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the results and complications after partial parotidectomy vs superficial parotidectomy, as primary treatment of @entity5 . Study design: Case-control study. Setting: University hospital. Subjects and methods: A case-control study is presented on parotidectomy, comparing a group of 25 @entity1 treated by partial parotidectomy vs a similar group of 25 @entity1 treated by superficial parotidectomy. All @entity1 had primary @entity5 , were matched by sex and age, and had a minimum follow-up of 4 years. Independent variables included sex, age, medical history, intra-operative variables (surgical time, estimated @entity190 , type of drainage, use of collagen), fine-needle aspiration cytology, computed tomography findings, and final histopathological diagnosis. Outcome measures were early and late complications, such as @entity3541 , @entity2080 , sialocele, @entity8810 , and recurrence. Results: Partial parotidectomy resulted in less early and late complications than superficial parotidectomy, with similar recurrence rates. Temporal facial paresis was found in 4% of partial surgeries, vs 12% of superficial parotidectomies, a significant difference. Three months after surgery, only one @entity1 has a persistent marginal nerve paresis. In contrast, sialocele was more common after partial parotidectomy (28% vs 16%), a significant difference. Conclusions: Partial parotidectomy achieves less early and late complications than superficial parotidectomy, with similar recurrence rates.

title: The role of partial parotidectomy for XXXX : A case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign parotid tumors']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity8810 :: ('MESH:D013547', 'Disease') :: ['Frey syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve paralysis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['benign parotid tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal surgical strategy for the treatment of synchronous resectable @entity96 remains controversial. The aims of this study were to analyze the outcome and overall survival of @entity1 presenting with @entity356 and liver @entity3 treated by simultaneous resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 1990 and June 2009, 35 @entity1 diagnosed with synchronous hepatic @entity3 from @entity356 received simultaneous resection of both primary @entity356 and synchronous hepatic @entity3 . The clinicopathologic features and the surgical results of the 35 @entity1 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The 5-year overall survival rate after surgery was 14.3%. Five @entity1 survived for more than 5 years after surgery. No mortality has occurred within 30 days after resection, although two @entity1 (5.7%) developed complications during the peri-operative course. Univariate analysis revealed that @entity1 with the presence of lymphovascular invasion of the @entity5 , bilateral liver @entity3 and multiple liver @entity3 suffered poor survival. Lymphovascular invasion by the @entity75 and multiple liver @entity3 were significant prognostic factors that influenced survival in the multivariate analysis (p=0.02, p=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of lymphovascular invasion of the @entity5 and multiple liver @entity3 are significant prognostic determinants of survival. @entity356 @entity1 without lymphovascular invasion and with a solitary synchronous liver @entity3 may be good candidates for hepatic resection. Simultaneous resection of both primary @entity356 and synchronous hepatic @entity3 may effectively prolong survival in strictly selected @entity1 .

title: Outcome after Simultaneous Resection of XXXX and Synchronous Liver Metastases: Survival Analysis of a Single-center Experience in China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer liver metastases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric carcinoma', 'Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Gastric Primary Tumour']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is one of the most common @entity5 among @entity1 worldwide and the @entity1722 receptor plays an important role in its development and progression. This systematic review aimed to summarize the role of @entity1722 in brain @entity3 in @entity1 with @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a literature search by advanced search in title field using the Scopus, Pubmed, and Google scholar databases until the end of June 2014. With @entity3 , metastatic, @entity1722 , brain, and @entity0 , as terms of search we selected 31 articles, which were reviewed by two independent and blinded expert reviewers. The studies were first selected according to their titles and abstracts. Quality of the studies were then assessed using the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) protocol for observational studies and CONSORT(Consolidation of Standards for Reporting Trials) protocol for clinical trials. For statistical analyses, we used STATA, version 11.0 software. Forest and funnel diagrams were drawn and for heterogeneity, index was also considered. Also we used meta regression analysis. RESULTS: Finally, we reviewed 10 studies. The prevalence of brain @entity3 in @entity1722 - positive @entity0 @entity1 was 24.9%. There was publication bias in the reviewed studies. Meta regression analysis showed that follow up time had no significant effect (p=0.396) on the prevalence of brain @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The results showed a high prevalence of brain @entity3 in @entity1722 positive @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Role of XXXX in Brain Metastasis of @entity0 : a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is one of the most common @entity5 among @entity1 worldwide and the @entity1722 receptor plays an important role in its development and progression. This systematic review aimed to summarize the role of @entity1722 in brain @entity3 in @entity1 with @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a literature search by advanced search in title field using the Scopus, Pubmed, and Google scholar databases until the end of June 2014. With @entity3 , metastatic, @entity1722 , brain, and @entity0 , as terms of search we selected 31 articles, which were reviewed by two independent and blinded expert reviewers. The studies were first selected according to their titles and abstracts. Quality of the studies were then assessed using the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) protocol for observational studies and CONSORT(Consolidation of Standards for Reporting Trials) protocol for clinical trials. For statistical analyses, we used STATA, version 11.0 software. Forest and funnel diagrams were drawn and for heterogeneity, index was also considered. Also we used meta regression analysis. RESULTS: Finally, we reviewed 10 studies. The prevalence of brain @entity3 in @entity1722 - positive @entity0 @entity1 was 24.9%. There was publication bias in the reviewed studies. Meta regression analysis showed that follow up time had no significant effect (p=0.396) on the prevalence of brain @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The results showed a high prevalence of brain @entity3 in @entity1722 positive @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Role of @entity1722 in Brain Metastasis of XXXX : a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: We studied the motility of filamentous mat-forming cyanobacteria consisting primarily of Oscillatoria-like cells growing under low-light, low- @entity26 , and high- @entity599 conditions in Lake Huron's submerged sinkholes using in situ observations, in vitro measurements and time-lapse microscopy. Gliding movement of the cyanobacterial trichomes (100-10,000  m long filaments, composed of cells    10  m wide and    3  m tall) revealed individual as well as group-coordinated motility. When placed in a petri dish and dispersed in ground water from the sinkhole, filaments re-aggregated into defined colonies within minutes, then dispersed again. Speed of individual filaments increased with temperature from    50  m @entity1009 ) or    15 body lengths @entity1009 ) at 10  C to    215  m @entity1009 ) or    70 body lengths @entity1009 ) at 35  C - rates that are rapid relative to non-flagellated/ciliated microbes. Filaments exhibited precise and coordinated positive phototaxis toward pinpoints of light and congregated under the light of foil cutouts. Such light-responsive clusters showed an increase in photosynthetic yield - suggesting phototactic motility aids in light acquisition as well as photosynthesis. Once light source was removed, filaments slowly spread out evenly and re-aggregated, demonstrating coordinated movement through inter-filament communication regardless of light. Pebbles and pieces of broken shells placed upon intact mat were quickly covered by vertically motile filaments within hours and became fully buried in the anoxic sediments over 3-4 diurnal cycles - likely facilitating the preservation of falling debris. Coordinated horizontal and vertical filament motility optimize mat cohesion and dynamics, photosynthetic efficiency and sedimentary @entity505 burial in modern-day sinkhole habitats that resemble the shallow seas in Earth's early history. Analogous cyanobacterial motility may have played a key role in the oxygenation of the planet by optimizing photosynthesis while favoring @entity505 burial.

title: Seeking sunlight: rapid phototactic motility of filamentous mat-forming cyanobacteria optimize photosynthesis and enhance XXXX burial in Lake Huron's submerged sinkholes.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 with high microsatellite-instable have clinical and pathological features that differentiate them from microsatellite-stable or @entity189 , which was studied rarely in @entity5 , promoting the present investigation of the usefulness of @entity124 status as a predictor of the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil in @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Data of 460 @entity1 who underwent primary anterior resection with a double stapling technique for @entity189 at a single institution from 2008 to 2012 were retrospectively collected. All @entity1 experienced a total mesorectal excision (TME) operation. Survival analysis were analyzed using the Cox regression method. RESULTS: Five-year rate of disease-free survival (DFS) was noted in 390 (84.8%) of 460 @entity1 with @entity5 . Of 460 tissue specimens, 97 (21.1%) exhibited @entity2198 . Median age of the @entity1 was 65 (50-71) and 185 (40.2%) were male. After univariate and multivariate analysis, microsatellite instability (p= 0.001), female sex (p< 0.05) and fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy (p< 0.001), the 3 factors were attributed to a favorable survival status independently. Among 201 @entity1 who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy, those @entity5 displaying @entity2198 had a better 5-year rate of DFS than @entity5 exhibiting microsatellite stability or low-frequency instability (HR, 13.61 [95% CI, 1.88 to 99.28]; p= 0.010), while in 259 @entity1 who received adjuvant chemotherapy, there was no DFS difference between the two groups (p= 0.145). Furthermore, @entity1 exhibiting microsatellite stability or low-frequency instability who received adjuvant chemotherapy had a better 5-year rate of DFS than @entity1 did not (HR, 5.16 [95% CI, 2.90 to 9.18]; p< 0.001), while @entity1 exhibiting @entity2198 were not connected with increased DFS (p= 0.696). It was implied that female @entity1 had better survival than male. CONCLUSION: Survival status after anterior resection of @entity189 is related to the microsatellite instability status, adjuvant chemotherapy and gender. Fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy benefits @entity1 of @entity5 with microsatellite-stable or low microsatellite-instable, but not those with high microsatellite- instable. Additionally, free of adjuvant chemotherapy, @entity189 with high microsatellite-instable have a better 5-year rate of DFS than those with microsatellite-stable or low microsatellite-instable, and female @entity1 have a better survival as well.

title: XXXX Instability Status as a Predictor of Benefit from Fluorouracil-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy for @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['high-frequency microsatellite instability']

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['microsatellite-instability']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Rectal cancers', 'stage II rectal cancer', 'cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['low- frequency carcinomas', 'carcinomas', 'rectal carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Carcinoma Microsatellite']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 with high microsatellite-instable have clinical and pathological features that differentiate them from microsatellite-stable or @entity189 , which was studied rarely in @entity5 , promoting the present investigation of the usefulness of @entity124 status as a predictor of the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil in @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Data of 460 @entity1 who underwent primary anterior resection with a double stapling technique for @entity189 at a single institution from 2008 to 2012 were retrospectively collected. All @entity1 experienced a total mesorectal excision (TME) operation. Survival analysis were analyzed using the Cox regression method. RESULTS: Five-year rate of disease-free survival (DFS) was noted in 390 (84.8%) of 460 @entity1 with @entity5 . Of 460 tissue specimens, 97 (21.1%) exhibited @entity2198 . Median age of the @entity1 was 65 (50-71) and 185 (40.2%) were male. After univariate and multivariate analysis, microsatellite instability (p= 0.001), female sex (p< 0.05) and fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy (p< 0.001), the 3 factors were attributed to a favorable survival status independently. Among 201 @entity1 who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy, those @entity5 displaying @entity2198 had a better 5-year rate of DFS than @entity5 exhibiting microsatellite stability or low-frequency instability (HR, 13.61 [95% CI, 1.88 to 99.28]; p= 0.010), while in 259 @entity1 who received adjuvant chemotherapy, there was no DFS difference between the two groups (p= 0.145). Furthermore, @entity1 exhibiting microsatellite stability or low-frequency instability who received adjuvant chemotherapy had a better 5-year rate of DFS than @entity1 did not (HR, 5.16 [95% CI, 2.90 to 9.18]; p< 0.001), while @entity1 exhibiting @entity2198 were not connected with increased DFS (p= 0.696). It was implied that female @entity1 had better survival than male. CONCLUSION: Survival status after anterior resection of @entity189 is related to the microsatellite instability status, adjuvant chemotherapy and gender. Fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy benefits @entity1 of @entity5 with microsatellite-stable or low microsatellite-instable, but not those with high microsatellite- instable. Additionally, free of adjuvant chemotherapy, @entity189 with high microsatellite-instable have a better 5-year rate of DFS than those with microsatellite-stable or low microsatellite-instable, and female @entity1 have a better survival as well.

title: @entity189 Instability Status as a Predictor of Benefit from Fluorouracil-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Stage II Rectal Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity328 is the leading cause of @entity697 , @entity55 , @entity693 , and @entity295 . The heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was incorporated into the national immunization program in Mexico in 2008. The aim of the study was to analyze the frequency of @entity2260 serotypes isolated from @entity1  <=5  years of age with @entity3 before and after the introduction of PCV7. METHODS: Isolates from sterile fluids, tissues and other body fluids were obtained from 1993 to 2012. Isolates collected in hospitals for the surveillance network were sent to the Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica. Serotyping was done using the Quellung reaction. The pre-vaccination period was considered from 1993-2007. RESULTS: A total of 1346 isolates were collected during 1993-2012. In the pre-vaccination era, serotypes included in PCV7 accounted for 59.7% of the strains, whereas in 2012 they represented only 21% of cases. There was a significant decrease in all PCV7-included serotypes. A gradual increase of the @entity5686 serotype was detected during the vaccination period from 7% in 2008 to 39% of the isolates in 2012. In this year, 29% of the serotypes causing invasive disease were not included in any of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. CONCLUSION: The emergence of PCV7 non-included serotypes after vaccination demands increased surveillance. Currently in Mexico, the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) offers better coverage than the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10).

title: XXXX Serotypes Identified in Mexican @entity1 with Invasive Disease before and After the Introduction of PCV7 (1993-2012).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute otitis media']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive diseases']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity328 :: (1313,Species) :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']