abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1578 is the principal cause of @entity204 after hepatectomy. Its progression towards @entity204 and its relationship with @entity295 are unclear. This study analysed predictors of mortality in @entity1 with @entity409 and the role of @entity295 in the @entity204 of these @entity1 . METHODS: The study focused on @entity1 with @entity409 , excluding those with vascular @entity715 , after liver resection at one of two centres between 1998 and 2006. RESULTS: @entity409 occurred after 57 (4.5 per cent) of 1271 hepatectomies. Fifty-three @entity1 without vascular @entity715 were included in the analysis, with a mortality rate of 23 per cent. Independent predictors of @entity204 were age (odds ratio (OR) 1.18 per year increase; P = 0.017), @entity82 (OR 54.09; P = 0.004) and @entity86 (OR 37.58; P = 0.005). @entity295 occurred in 15 @entity1 (28 per cent), seven of whom died. Intestinal pathogens were isolated in 12 @entity1 with @entity295 . The risk of @entity295 was significantly increased in those with surgical complications (11 of 16 versus four of 37; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity295 plays a key role in the @entity204 of @entity1 with @entity409 after hepatectomy. Early recognition and aggressive treatment of @entity295 may reduce mortality.

title: @entity409 and XXXX determine operative mortality after liver resection.

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver dysfunction', 'liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['Liver failure']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative sepsis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1578 is the principal cause of @entity204 after hepatectomy. Its progression towards @entity204 and its relationship with @entity295 are unclear. This study analysed predictors of mortality in @entity1 with @entity409 and the role of @entity295 in the @entity204 of these @entity1 . METHODS: The study focused on @entity1 with @entity409 , excluding those with vascular @entity715 , after liver resection at one of two centres between 1998 and 2006. RESULTS: @entity409 occurred after 57 (4.5 per cent) of 1271 hepatectomies. Fifty-three @entity1 without vascular @entity715 were included in the analysis, with a mortality rate of 23 per cent. Independent predictors of @entity204 were age (odds ratio (OR) 1.18 per year increase; P = 0.017), @entity82 (OR 54.09; P = 0.004) and @entity86 (OR 37.58; P = 0.005). @entity295 occurred in 15 @entity1 (28 per cent), seven of whom died. Intestinal pathogens were isolated in 12 @entity1 with @entity295 . The risk of @entity295 was significantly increased in those with surgical complications (11 of 16 versus four of 37; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity295 plays a key role in the @entity204 of @entity1 with @entity409 after hepatectomy. Early recognition and aggressive treatment of @entity295 may reduce mortality.

title: XXXX and @entity295 determine operative mortality after liver resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['Liver dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: Reactive @entity8792 following chemotherapy for @entity5 is likely to be misdiagnosed as @entity5 residue or relapse, therefore, leads to unnecessary treatment. This study was to analyze the clinical features of reactive @entity8792 following chemotherapy for childhood @entity706 . METHODS: Clinical data of 13 @entity1 with reactive @entity8792 following chemotherapy for @entity706 , treated from Mar. 1999 to Mar. 2004, were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 13 cases, 5 were @entity978 ( @entity978 ), and 8 were @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). All @entity1 received computed tomography (CT) to evaluate the therapeutic effect. When a new thymic mass emerged, positive electron tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was performed to identify its quality. RESULTS: At diagnosis, 10 @entity1 had mediastinal involvement. Reactive @entity8792 occurred following the completion of chemotherapy in 9 cases, or during the maintenance of chemotherapy in 4 cases. CT showed that the longest diameters of the new mediastinal masses were 2.2-6.0 cm (mean 3.7 cm). The interval from last chemotherapy cycle to the occurrence of @entity8792 was 2-12 months (mean 4 months). PET/CT was performed to 5 cases, and showed no vital @entity5 in the mediastinum. Three cases were misdiagnosed as @entity5 residue or relapse, and received second-line therapy. All @entity1 were followed-up for 1-6 years (median 4 years), and none @entity5 relapse. CONCLUSIONS: Reactive @entity8792 may occur following intensive chemotherapy for childhood @entity706 . It should not be misdiagnosed as @entity5 and overtreated.

title: [Clinical analysis of reactive XXXX following chemotherapy for childhood @entity706 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'suffered tumor', 'tumors', 'malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity8792 :: ('MESH:D013952', 'Disease') :: ['thymic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity8792 :: (MESH:D013952,Disease) :: ['thymic hyperplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: Reactive @entity8792 following chemotherapy for @entity5 is likely to be misdiagnosed as @entity5 residue or relapse, therefore, leads to unnecessary treatment. This study was to analyze the clinical features of reactive @entity8792 following chemotherapy for childhood @entity706 . METHODS: Clinical data of 13 @entity1 with reactive @entity8792 following chemotherapy for @entity706 , treated from Mar. 1999 to Mar. 2004, were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 13 cases, 5 were @entity978 ( @entity978 ), and 8 were @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). All @entity1 received computed tomography (CT) to evaluate the therapeutic effect. When a new thymic mass emerged, positive electron tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was performed to identify its quality. RESULTS: At diagnosis, 10 @entity1 had mediastinal involvement. Reactive @entity8792 occurred following the completion of chemotherapy in 9 cases, or during the maintenance of chemotherapy in 4 cases. CT showed that the longest diameters of the new mediastinal masses were 2.2-6.0 cm (mean 3.7 cm). The interval from last chemotherapy cycle to the occurrence of @entity8792 was 2-12 months (mean 4 months). PET/CT was performed to 5 cases, and showed no vital @entity5 in the mediastinum. Three cases were misdiagnosed as @entity5 residue or relapse, and received second-line therapy. All @entity1 were followed-up for 1-6 years (median 4 years), and none @entity5 relapse. CONCLUSIONS: Reactive @entity8792 may occur following intensive chemotherapy for childhood @entity706 . It should not be misdiagnosed as @entity5 and overtreated.

title: [Clinical analysis of reactive @entity8792 following chemotherapy for childhood XXXX ].

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['malignant lymphoma']


abstract: Our objective was to estimate the effect of Mycobacterium @entity281 on milk, fat, and protein yield deviations, pregnancy rate, lactation somatic cell score, and projected total months in milk (productive life). A serum ELISA and fecal culture for M. @entity3068 were performed on 4375 Holsteins in 232 DHIA herds throughout the US. Primarily first through third lactation @entity291 (99% of total) were assayed for @entity281 . Trait information (except productive life) was obtained for the lactation concurrent with disease tests. Productive life was total months in milk through a @entity291 's life, which was projected if a @entity291 was still milking. For most analyses, case definition for M. @entity281 was defined as either an ELISA S/P ratio>or=0.25 or a positive fecal culture for M. @entity3068 or both. To determine if diagnostic test affected estimates, case definition was redefined to include only @entity291 with ELISA S/P ratios>or=0.25 or only fecal culture-positive @entity291 . Linear models were used to estimate effect of M. @entity281 on traits. M. @entity281 @entity291 (7.89% of @entity291 ) produced 303.9 kg less milk/lactation, 11.46 kg less fat/lactation, and 9.49 kg less protein/lactation (P<or=0.003). Infected @entity291 had higher pregnancy rates (1.39%) (P=0.0385) and lower productive life (2.85 months) (P<or=0.0001). M. @entity281 did not affect somatic cell score. Effect of @entity281 on milk and protein yields was larger in first lactation M. @entity3068 -positive @entity291 relative to @entity291 that tested positive in later lactations. Fecal culture-positive @entity291 had consistently larger effects on all traits than ELISA-positive @entity291 . M. @entity281 , and not just clinical @entity3068 , decreases milk, fat, and protein yields, thus increasing the estimated cost of @entity3068 to the US dairy industry.

title: Effect of Mycobacterium XXXX on production, reproduction, and health traits in US Holsteins.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['paratuberculosis infection', 'infection', 'paratuberculosis-infected']

entities_list: @entity3068 :: ('MESH:D010283', 'Disease') :: ['paratuberculosis', "Johne's disease"]

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['paratuberculosis infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Several studies have Shown the correlation of high numbers of @entity5 -infiltrating natural killer (NK) cells with a good prognosis for @entity5 @entity1 . This study was to investigate the impact of NK cell infiltration on the survival and prognosis of @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) after resection. METHODS: The proportion of infiltrating NK cells of @entity157 @entity1 was measured using flow cytometry, and the expression of @entity2940 + (NK) cells was investigated using immunohistochemistry. Prognostic values of intratumoral and peritumoral NK cell densities were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression. RESULTS: The level of NK cells was significantly lower in @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) of @entity157 @entity1 than in nontumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (NIL) [(11.8 +/- 8.1)% vs. (18.0+/-7.9)%, P=0.002]. The density of NK cells was also significantly lower in @entity5 nests than in peritumoral lesions (2.3 +/- 2.6 vs. 8.5 +/- 4.5 cells per field, P<0.001). @entity1 with low intratumoral NK cells had shorter disease-free survival (P=0.027) and overall survival (P=0.005) than @entity1 with high intratumoral NK cells. In contrast, NK cells in the peritumoral area showed no prognostic significance for either disease-free survival or overall survival. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that intratumoral NK cell density was an independent prognostic factor of prolonged overall survival (hazard ratio = 2.658, P=0.019). CONCLUSION: Low NK cells infiltration could predict poor prognosis in @entity1 with @entity157 .

title: [Prognostic significance of natural killer cell infiltration in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study tested whether @entity2055 , a continuity of care intervention for substance-use disorders, improved employment among @entity1 and @entity1 on public assistance compared with usual welfare management. METHOD: @entity1 were 421 welfare applicants identified via substance-use-disorder screening and assigned via a computerized allocation program to @entity2055 ( @entity2055 ; n = 232) or referral and monitoring practices in usual care (UC; n = 189). Substance use, treatment attendance, job training and search activities, and employment outcomes were assessed for 1 year after baseline. RESULTS: @entity1 were more likely to be working than @entity1 overall. Among @entity1 , @entity2055 clients increased their employment over time, whereas UC clients remained stable at very low employment levels. There were no treatment effects on employment for @entity1 . Also among @entity1 only, greater substance-use-disorder treatment attendance and abstinence in the first 6 months of @entity2055 predicted higher rates of later employment. Job training activities were low and did not differ by condition between either gender. CONCLUSIONS: Findings are consistent with previous research supporting the effectiveness of case management for improving abstinence, which leads to employment gains, among substance-using @entity1 on public assistance. In contrast, various mandated elements of welfare-to-work programs for substance users-treatment attendance, case management, job training-did not improve employment rates for @entity1 . Implications of study results for designing effective welfare-to-work interventions in a post-welfare-reform era are discussed.

title: Does XXXX improve employment for substance-using welfare recipients?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['CCM', 'coordinated care management']

answer: @entity2055 :: (MESH:D001259,Disease) :: ['coordinated care management']


abstract: The arterial baroreflex is a fundamental reflex that buffers rapid changes in arterial blood pressure (BP) via regulation of the heart rate and sympathetic nerve activity to the vasculature. In adults a sigmoidal relationship between BP and both heart rate and sympathetic nerve activity is well documented. Its role in blood pressure control before birth is unclear. Preterm babies have a high incidence of low BP, especially in the first few days of life, which could be related, in part, to immaturity of the baroreflex. In the present study, we investigated the baroreflex control of fetal heart rate and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in preterm fetal @entity742 in utero (102 +/- 1 days of gestation; term 140 days). @entity2647 was associated with a significant increase in BP from 38 +/- 2 to 58 +/- 3 mmHg and a decrease in heart rate (HR) from 177 +/- 4 to 116 +/- 8 beats per minute (bpm). @entity1854 was associated with a significant fall in BP from 38 +/- 2 to 26 +/- 1 mmHg and an increase in HR from 182 +/- 4 to 274 +/- 8 bpm. However, the time between the 50% changes in BP and HR was significantly greater after @entity551 than @entity101 (31 +/- 8 s vs. 14 +/- 5 s, P < 0.05). No significant changes in RSNA occurred with either stimulus. This suggests that there are different maturational tempos for the components of the central autonomic response to altered blood pressure.

title: Is baroreflex control of sympathetic activity and heart rate active in the preterm fetal XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['Phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare a laparoscopic (totally extraperitoneal patch (TEP)) and an open technique (Lichtenstein) for @entity169 regarding recurrence rate and possible risk factors for recurrence. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Laparoscopic hernia repair has been introduced as an alternative to open repair. Short-term follow-up suggests benefits for those @entity1 operated with a laparoscopic approach compared with open techniques; ie, less @entity282 and a shorter convalescence period. Long-term results, however, are less well known. METHODS: The study was conducted as a multicenter randomized trial with a 5-year follow-up. A total of 1512 @entity1 aged 30 to 70 years, with a primary @entity169 , were randomized to either TEP or Lichtenstein repair. RESULTS: Overall, 665 @entity1 in the TEP group and 705 @entity1 in the Lichtenstein group were evaluable. The cumulative recurrence rate was 3.5% in the TEP group and 1.2% in the Lichtenstein group (P = 0.008). Test for heterogeneity revealed significant differences between individual surgeons. The exclusion of 1 surgeon, who was responsible for 33% (7 of 21) of all recurrences in the TEP group, lowered the cumulative recurrence rate to 2.4% in this group, which was not statistically different from that of the Lichtenstein group. CONCLUSIONS: The recurrence rate for both @entity25288 and Lichtenstein repair was low. A higher cumulative recurrence rate in the TEP group was seen at 5 years. Further analysis revealed that this could be attributable to incorrect surgical technique.

title: Low recurrence rate after laparoscopic (TEP) and open (Lichtenstein) XXXX : a randomized, multicenter trial with 5-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral inguinal hernia', 'inguinal hernia repair']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity169 :: (MESH:D006552,Disease) :: ['inguinal hernia repair']


abstract: BACKGROUND: No randomized controlled trial has compared laparoscopic sigmoid resection (LSR) to open sigmoid resection (OSR) for symptomatic @entity4436 of the sigmoid colon. This study tested the hypothesis that LSR is associated with @entity260 rates as compared with OSR. METHODS: This was a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial. Eligible @entity1 were randomized to either LSR or OSR. Endpoints included postoperative mortality, and complications were classified as major and minor. The generator of the allocation sequence was separated from the executor. Blinding was ensured using an opaque wound dressing to cover the abdomen. Symptomatic @entity4436 of the sigmoid colon was defined as recurrent disease Hinchey I, IIa, IIb, symptomatic stricture, or severe @entity548 . The decision to discharge @entity1 was made by independent physicians blind to the allocation sequence. Data were analyzed according to the intention to treat principle. RESULTS: From 2002 to 2006, 104 @entity1 were randomized in 5 centers. All @entity1 underwent the allocated intervention. Fifty-two LSR @entity1 were comparable to 52 OSR @entity1 for gender, age, BMI, ASA grade, comorbid conditions, previous abdominal surgery, and indication for surgery. LSR took longer (P = 0.0001) but caused less @entity190 (P = 0.033). Conversion rate was 19.2%. Mortality rate was 1%. There were significantly more major complications in OSR @entity1 (9.6% vs. 25.0%; P = 0.038). Minor complication rates were similar (LSR 36.5% vs. OSR 38.5%; P = 0.839). LSR @entity1 had @entity158 (Visual Analog Scale 1.6; P = 0.0003), systemic analgesia requirement (P = 0.029), and returned home earlier (P = 0.046). The short form-36 questionnaire showed significantly better quality of life for LSR. CONCLUSIONS: LSR was associated with a 15.4% reduction in major complication rates, @entity158 , improved quality of life, and shorter hospitalization at the cost of a longer operating time.

title: Laparoscopic sigmoid resection for XXXX decreases major morbidity rates: a randomized control trial: short-term results of the Sigma Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['decreased postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['less pain']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['diverticulitis']

answer: @entity4436 :: (MESH:D004238,Disease) :: ['diverticulitis']


abstract: The safety and effectiveness of the minimum incision technique were assessed in 138 hands of 108 consecutive @entity1 with @entity923 treated from April 1, 1997 to March 31, 2006. Clinical and electrophysiological examinations were conducted before and after surgical decompression. All hands were divided into early, mild, moderate, and severe groups based on preoperative electrophysiological severity. We examined the surgical outcomes of the affected hands in each group. Nocturnal or @entity25 , which had been present in 132 (96%) of the 138 hands preoperatively, was completely relieved in 124 (94%) of the 132 hands. Complete relief was achieved in 7 (100%) of the 7 hands in the early group, 68 (99%) of the 69 hands in the mild group, and 45 (94%) of the 48 hands in the moderate group. Complete relief was achieved only in 4 (50%) of the 8 hands in the severe group, and 3 (38%) of the 8 hands did not show any improvement. No @entity158 or @entity2805 was observed in this series. Only 2 @entity1 complained of @entity86 after more than 12 months, which completely disappeared by 14 months after surgery. Minimum incision open carpal tunnel release is a safe and reliable procedure with a high rate of functional improvement and @entity1 satisfaction. Postoperative results were satisfactory regardless of the degree of preoperative electrophysiological severity if preoperative sensory nerve action potentials were detected.

title: XXXX : electrophysiological grading and surgical results by minimum incision open carpal tunnel release.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative scar discomfort']

entities_list: @entity2805 :: ('MESH:D017439', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic scar formation']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime dysesthesia']

answer: @entity923 :: (MESH:D002349,Disease) :: ['Carpal tunnel syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the intra-articular pathology associated with peroneal @entity924 and report the outcomes after tendon repair or tenodesis with arthroscopic treatment. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 were evaluated who underwent ankle arthroscopy followed by peroneal tendon repair. Intra-articular pathology was treated arthroscopically before peroneal tendon surgery was performed. All @entity1 were available for a minimum 2-year follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot _ Ankle Society and Karlsson scores were analyzed for all @entity1 . RESULTS: A total of 60 @entity75 were treated arthroscopically in 30 ankles. We diagnosed 13 lesions preoperatively (22%), and 47 lesions (78%) were discovered during arthroscopy. Of the @entity1 , 5 (17%) had associated anterolateral instability requiring an open reconstruction. Soft-tissue impingement was seen in 6 @entity1 (20%), anterior @entity5040 in 4 (13%), loose bodies in 4 (13%), @entity75 in 4 (13%), extensive scar tissue in 24 (80%), extensive @entity603 in 7 (23%), @entity130 in 2 (7%), and a torn posterior transverse tibiofibular ligament in 2 (5%). Postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot _ Ankle Society and Karlsson scores were significantly improved compared with preoperative scores. @entity1 with chronic complaints before surgery had better outcome scores than @entity1 with an isolated, acute twisting injury. It is unclear whether the incidental pathology discovered at the time of arthroscopic examination influenced outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS: All @entity1 with peroneal @entity924 had associated intra-articular pathology, with the majority of @entity1 having more than 1 intra-articular lesion. For @entity1 meeting surgical criteria, correction of the @entity924 and arthroscopic treatment of the @entity75 produced statistically significantly improved results and @entity1 satisfaction, paralleling historical controls. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic case series.

title: XXXX : associated arthroscopic findings and results after repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral lesions', 'intra-articular lesions']

entities_list: @entity5040 :: ('MESH:D054850', 'Disease') :: ['osteophytes']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendon tears']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['chondral injuries']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['Peroneal tendon tears']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Improvement 1-2 years after @entity542 is well established but the pattern thereafter is unclear. Past studies have not examined representative @entity542 populations and typically report findings in terms of functioning across social, @entity458 , or cognitive domains rather than global outcome. OBJECTIVE: To determine the late outcome of a representative cohort of @entity1 admitted to hospital after a @entity542 5-7 years previously and to identify early and late factors correlating with persisting disability and change between one and 5-7 years. METHODS: A representative cohort of head injured @entity1 whose outcome one year after @entity130 was reported previously, were followed up 5-7 years after @entity130 . @entity1 were assessed using structured and validated measures of global outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended), @entity73 , @entity458 , health status, and social factors. RESULTS: Of 475 survivors studied at one year, 115 (24%) had died by seven years. In survivors at 5-7 years, disability remained frequent (53%); and the rate, similar to that found at one year (57%). Sixty three @entity1 (29%) had improved but 55 (25%) deteriorated. The persistence of disability and its development after previous recovery each showed stronger associations with indices of @entity308 , @entity148 , and low self-esteem than with initial severity of @entity130 or persisting @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS: Admission to hospital after @entity542 is followed 5-7 years later by disability in a high proportion of survivors. Persistence of disability and development of new disability are strongly associated with psychosocial factors that may be open to remediation, even late after @entity130 .

title: Disability in young @entity1 and adults after XXXX : 5-7 year follow up of a prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological, neurobehavioural', 'psychological wellbeing']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Improvement 1-2 years after @entity542 is well established but the pattern thereafter is unclear. Past studies have not examined representative @entity542 populations and typically report findings in terms of functioning across social, @entity458 , or cognitive domains rather than global outcome. OBJECTIVE: To determine the late outcome of a representative cohort of @entity1 admitted to hospital after a @entity542 5-7 years previously and to identify early and late factors correlating with persisting disability and change between one and 5-7 years. METHODS: A representative cohort of head injured @entity1 whose outcome one year after @entity130 was reported previously, were followed up 5-7 years after @entity130 . @entity1 were assessed using structured and validated measures of global outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended), @entity73 , @entity458 , health status, and social factors. RESULTS: Of 475 survivors studied at one year, 115 (24%) had died by seven years. In survivors at 5-7 years, disability remained frequent (53%); and the rate, similar to that found at one year (57%). Sixty three @entity1 (29%) had improved but 55 (25%) deteriorated. The persistence of disability and its development after previous recovery each showed stronger associations with indices of @entity308 , @entity148 , and low self-esteem than with initial severity of @entity130 or persisting @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS: Admission to hospital after @entity542 is followed 5-7 years later by disability in a high proportion of survivors. Persistence of disability and development of new disability are strongly associated with psychosocial factors that may be open to remediation, even late after @entity130 .

title: Disability in young XXXX and adults after @entity542 : 5-7 year follow up of a prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: OBJECT: The authors conducted a study to evaluate and compare prospectively the implantation of either an empty @entity505 fiber composite frame cage (CFCFC) or an iliac crest autograft after @entity4048 ( @entity4048 ) for @entity890 with monoradiculopathy. METHODS: Thirty-six consecutive @entity1 with one-level @entity614 due to single-level @entity890 were treated by @entity4048 , and implantation of either an empty CFCFC (24 @entity1 ) or an iliac crest autograft (12 @entity1 ). Radiological and clinical assessments were performed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Fusion at the 12-month follow-up examination was demonstrated in 96% of the @entity1 in the cage group and in 100% of those in the autograft group. The mean anterior intervertebral body height was 3.7 mm preoperatively and 3.9 mm at 12 months in the CFCFC, @entity676 .8 mm, respectively, in the autograft group. In cage-treated @entity1 , @entity4048 , as measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) (Score 0 = minimum; 10 = maximum) decreased from 6.4 preoperatively to 2.0 at 12 months, and @entity158 decreased from 8.4 preoperatively to 1.5 at 12 months. In the autograft group, @entity4048 changed from a mean preoperative VAS score of 7.2 to 2.5 at 12 months, and @entity158 decreased from a preoperative mean of 7.8 to 1.4 at 12 months. Analysis of the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey domains and the @entity717 Index scores indicated a significant improvement in both the Physical and Mental Component Summary domains in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of an empty CFCFC or a tricortical iliac crest autograft after @entity4048 are safe and reliable options for the treatment of @entity890 causing one-sided @entity614 . Both procedures produced equally satisfying clinical and radiological results, leading to a high fusion rate and maintaining intervertebral height. Implantation of an empty CFCFC has the advantages of avoiding any donor site morbidity and requiring a significantly shorter operative time.

title: Implantation of an empty XXXX fiber cage or a tricortical iliac crest autograft after cervical discectomy for single-level @entity890 : a prospective comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['anterior cervical discectomy', 'neck pain', 'ACD']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['radicular pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['radiculopathy']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['cervical disc herniation']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: OBJECT: The authors conducted a study to evaluate and compare prospectively the implantation of either an empty @entity505 fiber composite frame cage (CFCFC) or an iliac crest autograft after @entity4048 ( @entity4048 ) for @entity890 with monoradiculopathy. METHODS: Thirty-six consecutive @entity1 with one-level @entity614 due to single-level @entity890 were treated by @entity4048 , and implantation of either an empty CFCFC (24 @entity1 ) or an iliac crest autograft (12 @entity1 ). Radiological and clinical assessments were performed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Fusion at the 12-month follow-up examination was demonstrated in 96% of the @entity1 in the cage group and in 100% of those in the autograft group. The mean anterior intervertebral body height was 3.7 mm preoperatively and 3.9 mm at 12 months in the CFCFC, @entity676 .8 mm, respectively, in the autograft group. In cage-treated @entity1 , @entity4048 , as measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) (Score 0 = minimum; 10 = maximum) decreased from 6.4 preoperatively to 2.0 at 12 months, and @entity158 decreased from 8.4 preoperatively to 1.5 at 12 months. In the autograft group, @entity4048 changed from a mean preoperative VAS score of 7.2 to 2.5 at 12 months, and @entity158 decreased from a preoperative mean of 7.8 to 1.4 at 12 months. Analysis of the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey domains and the @entity717 Index scores indicated a significant improvement in both the Physical and Mental Component Summary domains in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of an empty CFCFC or a tricortical iliac crest autograft after @entity4048 are safe and reliable options for the treatment of @entity890 causing one-sided @entity614 . Both procedures produced equally satisfying clinical and radiological results, leading to a high fusion rate and maintaining intervertebral height. Implantation of an empty CFCFC has the advantages of avoiding any donor site morbidity and requiring a significantly shorter operative time.

title: Implantation of an empty @entity505 fiber cage or a tricortical iliac crest autograft after cervical discectomy for single-level XXXX : a prospective comparative study.

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['disc herniation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased total @entity1255 (tHcy) is an independent risk factor for @entity65 . The measurement of tHcy in blood is therefore of potential great importance especially in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the total @entity1255 levels in ambulatory @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional, prospective study. SETTING: Outpatient @entity6 clinic of the Kenyatta National Hospital. SUBJECTS: Ambulatory @entity1 with @entity2316 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of tHcy, HbA1c, lipids and socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 115 @entity1 , 48% males, with @entity164 2 @entity6 were included in the study. The mean (sd) age of the males was 56.85 (8.96) years and of the females was 55.68 (8.93) years. The mean (sd) total serum @entity1255 for males of 12.97 (6.06) micromol/l was significantly higher than that of the females of 10.64 (4.41) micromol/l. The @entity165 , glycated haemoglobin, the body mass index and blood pressure of the study subjects did not show any statistically significant influence on their @entity1255 levels. However, increasing age and duration of @entity6 showed a significant linear relationship with rising level of total serum @entity1255 . Some study @entity1 reported smoking habit but unreliably. CONCLUSION: There was a significant proportion of the study @entity1 with high levels of serum @entity1255 , although most of them were of low to intermediate risk category. It may be prudent to assay @entity1255 levels in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 who are either older or have had @entity6 for long duration for potential intervention.

title: Patterns of @entity1255 in Kenyans with XXXX 2 @entity6 without overt @entity65 at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['Type 2 diabetes without overt cardiovascular, renal, liver or other chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased total @entity1255 (tHcy) is an independent risk factor for @entity65 . The measurement of tHcy in blood is therefore of potential great importance especially in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the total @entity1255 levels in ambulatory @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional, prospective study. SETTING: Outpatient @entity6 clinic of the Kenyatta National Hospital. SUBJECTS: Ambulatory @entity1 with @entity2316 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of tHcy, HbA1c, lipids and socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 115 @entity1 , 48% males, with @entity164 2 @entity6 were included in the study. The mean (sd) age of the males was 56.85 (8.96) years and of the females was 55.68 (8.93) years. The mean (sd) total serum @entity1255 for males of 12.97 (6.06) micromol/l was significantly higher than that of the females of 10.64 (4.41) micromol/l. The @entity165 , glycated haemoglobin, the body mass index and blood pressure of the study subjects did not show any statistically significant influence on their @entity1255 levels. However, increasing age and duration of @entity6 showed a significant linear relationship with rising level of total serum @entity1255 . Some study @entity1 reported smoking habit but unreliably. CONCLUSION: There was a significant proportion of the study @entity1 with high levels of serum @entity1255 , although most of them were of low to intermediate risk category. It may be prudent to assay @entity1255 levels in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 who are either older or have had @entity6 for long duration for potential intervention.

title: Patterns of XXXX in Kenyans with @entity164 2 @entity6 without overt @entity65 at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi.

answer: @entity1255 :: (MESH:D006710,Chemical) :: ['homocysteine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased total @entity1255 (tHcy) is an independent risk factor for @entity65 . The measurement of tHcy in blood is therefore of potential great importance especially in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the total @entity1255 levels in ambulatory @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional, prospective study. SETTING: Outpatient @entity6 clinic of the Kenyatta National Hospital. SUBJECTS: Ambulatory @entity1 with @entity2316 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of tHcy, HbA1c, lipids and socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 115 @entity1 , 48% males, with @entity164 2 @entity6 were included in the study. The mean (sd) age of the males was 56.85 (8.96) years and of the females was 55.68 (8.93) years. The mean (sd) total serum @entity1255 for males of 12.97 (6.06) micromol/l was significantly higher than that of the females of 10.64 (4.41) micromol/l. The @entity165 , glycated haemoglobin, the body mass index and blood pressure of the study subjects did not show any statistically significant influence on their @entity1255 levels. However, increasing age and duration of @entity6 showed a significant linear relationship with rising level of total serum @entity1255 . Some study @entity1 reported smoking habit but unreliably. CONCLUSION: There was a significant proportion of the study @entity1 with high levels of serum @entity1255 , although most of them were of low to intermediate risk category. It may be prudent to assay @entity1255 levels in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 who are either older or have had @entity6 for long duration for potential intervention.

title: Patterns of @entity1255 in Kenyans with @entity164 2 @entity6 without overt XXXX at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi.

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased total @entity1255 (tHcy) is an independent risk factor for @entity65 . The measurement of tHcy in blood is therefore of potential great importance especially in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the total @entity1255 levels in ambulatory @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional, prospective study. SETTING: Outpatient @entity6 clinic of the Kenyatta National Hospital. SUBJECTS: Ambulatory @entity1 with @entity2316 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of tHcy, HbA1c, lipids and socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 115 @entity1 , 48% males, with @entity164 2 @entity6 were included in the study. The mean (sd) age of the males was 56.85 (8.96) years and of the females was 55.68 (8.93) years. The mean (sd) total serum @entity1255 for males of 12.97 (6.06) micromol/l was significantly higher than that of the females of 10.64 (4.41) micromol/l. The @entity165 , glycated haemoglobin, the body mass index and blood pressure of the study subjects did not show any statistically significant influence on their @entity1255 levels. However, increasing age and duration of @entity6 showed a significant linear relationship with rising level of total serum @entity1255 . Some study @entity1 reported smoking habit but unreliably. CONCLUSION: There was a significant proportion of the study @entity1 with high levels of serum @entity1255 , although most of them were of low to intermediate risk category. It may be prudent to assay @entity1255 levels in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 who are either older or have had @entity6 for long duration for potential intervention.

title: Patterns of @entity1255 in Kenyans with @entity164 2 XXXX without overt @entity65 at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this trial of the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple @entity1582 , we compared a protocol that entailed a hematopoietic stem-cell autograft followed by an allograft from an HLA-identical sibling with a protocol of tandem autografts. METHODS: We enrolled 162 consecutive @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1582 who were 65 years of age or younger and who had at least one sibling. All @entity1 were initially treated with @entity1891 , @entity632 , and @entity619 , followed by melphalan and autologous stem-cell rescue. @entity1 with an HLA-identical sibling then received nonmyeloablative total-body irradiation and stem cells from the sibling. @entity1 without an HLA-identical sibling received two consecutive myeloablative doses of melphalan, each of which was followed by autologous stem-cell rescue. The primary end points were overall survival and event-free survival. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 45 months (range, 21 to 90), the median overall survival and event-free survival were longer in the 80 @entity1 with HLA-identical siblings than in the 82 @entity1 without HLA-identical siblings (80 months vs. 54 months, P=0.01; and 35 months vs. 29 months, P=0.02, respectively). Among @entity1 who completed their assigned treatment protocols, treatment-related mortality did not differ significantly between the double-autologous-transplant group (46 @entity1 ) and the autograft-allograft group (58 @entity1 , P=0.09), but disease-related mortality was significantly higher in the double-autologous-transplant group (43% vs. 7%, P<0.001). The cumulative incidence rates of grades II, III, and IV @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) combined and of grade IV @entity2132 in the autograft-allograft group were 43% and 4%, respectively. Overall, 21 of 58 @entity1 (36%) were in complete remission after a median follow-up of 38 months (range, 10 to 72) after allografting. Of the 46 @entity1 who received two autografts, 25 (54%) died. CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1582 , survival in recipients of a hematopoietic stem-cell autograft followed by a stem-cell allograft from an HLA-identical sibling is superior to that in recipients of tandem stem-cell autografts. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00415987 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).

title: A comparison of allografting with autografting for newly diagnosed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['myeloma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to examine the oncological safety of breast conserving surgery (BCS) for @entity1 with multifocal @entity0 . SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Few studies have reported about BCS for multifocal @entity0 . BCS for multifocal @entity5 has a risk of local failure in previous reports, whereas recent studies reported the feasibility of BCS. However, because all studies have dealt with a small number of @entity1 , multifocal @entity0 is still considered a relative contraindication for BCS. METHODS: This retrospective study includes 478 @entity1 with multifocal @entity0 who underwent BCS or mastectomy and 930 with unifocal @entity5 who underwent BCS for stage 0-II. @entity5 was defined as 2 or more distinct @entity5 in the same quadrant. Of 478 @entity1 , 147 underwent BCS and 331 underwent mastectomy. We compared the local recurrence rate (LRR), disease free survival, and overall survival for BCS with mastectomy for multifocal @entity5 . In addition, the LRR of BCS for multifocal @entity5 was compared for unifocal @entity5 . RESULTS: There is no significant difference in stage distribution and other clinical and pathologic characteristics except @entity1722 for stage IIA between BCS and mastectomy for multifocal @entity5 . The mean follow-up period was 59.33 months (range, 1.00-177.20) for breast conserving group and 64.98 months (range, 6.23-196.03) for mastectomy group. The 5-year overall survival was 93.38% for BCS and 94.53% for mastectomy (log rank P = 0.208). The 5-year disease-free survival was 89.08% for BCS and 91.88% for mastectomy (log rank P = 0.451). The local failure occurred in 3 (2.0%) of 147 @entity1 underwent BCS, 3 (0.9%) of 331 @entity1 underwent mastectomy (P = 0.378). Compared with BCS for unifocal @entity5 @entity1 , the LRR of @entity1 with multifocal @entity5 was not statistically different (2.0% for multifocal, 1.3% for unifocal; P = 0.445). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that BCS for multifocal @entity0 is oncologically safe in selected @entity1 .

title: Breast conserving surgery for multifocal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Multifocal cancer', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the significance of multifocality on @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 with @entity242 ( @entity242 ) and establish a data-derived, prognostically and therapeutically useful definition of sarcomatosis. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The incidence, clinical features, and prognostic significance of multifocality in @entity242 is unknown. No current standardized definition for sarcomatosis is available. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 393 @entity1 with primary or recurrent nonmetastatic @entity242 treated at a comprehensive @entity5 center between 1996 and 2006. Baseline and treatment variables were compared in @entity1 with @entity66 . A multivariate model was used to evaluate the association of multifocality and @entity1349 and identify additional prognostic factors in @entity1 with @entity66 . RESULTS: The median follow-up time for all @entity1 was 69 months; 79 @entity1 (20%) presented with @entity66 . The 5-year @entity1349 rate was less in the multifocal group compared with the unifocal group (31% vs. 60%, respectively; P < 0.0001). After multivariate analysis, multifocality remained an independent predictor of worse @entity1349 {hazard ratio (HR) 1.7 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-2.5); P = 0.004}. Additionally, @entity1 with more @entity5 had significantly worse prognosis (>7 @entity5 , HR 2.1 (95% CI, 1.1-3.9); P = 0.03), with a 5-year @entity1349 rate of 7%. CONCLUSIONS: Multifocal @entity242 is associated with worse @entity1349 in @entity1 with either primary or recurrent @entity242 ; @entity1 with >7 @entity5 had the worst prognosis. This criterion can be used to define sarcomatosis, thereby identifying @entity1 whose survival will ultimately depend on effective systemic therapy.

title: Multifocality in XXXX : a prognostic factor critical to surgical decision-making.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multifocal disease', 'unifocal and multifocal disease']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal sarcoma', 'RPS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['retroperitoneal sarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether imputed data can be used to produce unbiased hospital quality measures. BACKGROUND: Different methods for handling missing data may influence which hospitals are designated as quality outliers. METHODS: Monte-Carlo simulation study based on 63,020 @entity1 with no missing data in 68 hospitals using the National @entity130 Data Bank (NTDB, version 6.1). @entity1 were assigned missing data for the motor component of the Glasgow @entity772 scale (GCS) conditional on their observed clinical risk factors. Multiple imputation was then used to "fill in" the missing data. Hospital risk-adjusted quality measures (observed-to-expected mortality ratio) based either on (1) imputed data, (2) excluding @entity1 with missing data (complete case analysis), or (3) excluding the predictor with missing data were compared with hospital quality based on the true data (no missing data). Pair-wise comparisons of hospital quality were performed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the kappa statistic. RESULTS: With 10% of the data missing, the level of agreement between multiple imputation and the true data (ICC = 0.99 and kappa = 0.87) was better compared with the level of agreement between complete case analysis and the true data (ICC = 0.93 and kappa = 0.62). Excluding the predictor (motor GCS) with missing data from the risk adjustment model resulted in the least amount of agreement with quality assessment based on the true data (ICC = 0.88 and kappa = 0.46). CONCLUSION: Multiple imputation can be used to impute missing data and yields hospital quality measures that are nearly identical to those based on the true data. Simply excluding @entity1 with missing data or excluding risk factors with missing data from hospital quality assessment yields substantially inferior quality measures.

title: Impact of statistical approaches for handling missing data on XXXX center quality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Autoantibodies against antigens in oxidized low-density lipoprotein are common in @entity1 ; experimental studies suggest that these immune responses have a functional role in the disease process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the immune response against one defined oxidized low-density lipoprotein antigen, the @entity264 -modified peptide corresponding @entity1522 3136 and 3155 (MDA-p210) in apolipoprotein (apo) B-100, and progression of carotid @entity121 ( @entity121 ). METHODS: IgM and IgG against MDA-p210 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline and after 12 months of treatment with placebo, @entity1406 , @entity5470 , or @entity1406 / @entity5470 in 751 individuals participating in the BCAPS. Carotid @entity121 was assessed by ultrasonography at baseline and after 18 and 36 months of treatment. RESULTS: Antibody levels did not change in response to treatment, but high baseline MDA-p210 IgM levels were associated with a more rapid progression of @entity66 both at 18 (r=0.09, P<0.05) and 36 months (r=0.12, P<0.005). At 36 months, the difference in @entity121 progression rate per year between those with high MDA-p210 IgM levels and those with low was 0.011 mm (95% CI=0.005 to 0.018 mm, P<0.0001). Treatment with @entity5470 markedly decreased the progression of @entity121 among subjects with high but not with low MDA-p210 IgM levels. There was no association between MDA-p210 IgG and @entity1004 progression. CONCLUSIONS: IgM against the @entity264 -modified peptide corresponding @entity1522 3136 and 3155 in apo B-100 is common in subjects with asymptomatic @entity66 , and high levels are associated with a more rapid progression of @entity1004 . The observation that the effect of @entity5470 was restricted to subjects with high MDA-p210 IgM levels may reflect the increased rate of disease progression in this group.

title: Association between IgM against an @entity264 -modified peptide in apolipoprotein B-100 and progression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['carotid IMT']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['carotid disease']

entities_list: @entity5470 :: ('MESH:C065180', 'Chemical') :: ['fluvastatin']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['intima media thickness', 'IMT']

entities_list: @entity264 :: ('CHEBI:17478', 'Chemical') :: ['aldehyde']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['carotid disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Autoantibodies against antigens in oxidized low-density lipoprotein are common in @entity1 ; experimental studies suggest that these immune responses have a functional role in the disease process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the immune response against one defined oxidized low-density lipoprotein antigen, the @entity264 -modified peptide corresponding @entity1522 3136 and 3155 (MDA-p210) in apolipoprotein (apo) B-100, and progression of carotid @entity121 ( @entity121 ). METHODS: IgM and IgG against MDA-p210 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline and after 12 months of treatment with placebo, @entity1406 , @entity5470 , or @entity1406 / @entity5470 in 751 individuals participating in the BCAPS. Carotid @entity121 was assessed by ultrasonography at baseline and after 18 and 36 months of treatment. RESULTS: Antibody levels did not change in response to treatment, but high baseline MDA-p210 IgM levels were associated with a more rapid progression of @entity66 both at 18 (r=0.09, P<0.05) and 36 months (r=0.12, P<0.005). At 36 months, the difference in @entity121 progression rate per year between those with high MDA-p210 IgM levels and those with low was 0.011 mm (95% CI=0.005 to 0.018 mm, P<0.0001). Treatment with @entity5470 markedly decreased the progression of @entity121 among subjects with high but not with low MDA-p210 IgM levels. There was no association between MDA-p210 IgG and @entity1004 progression. CONCLUSIONS: IgM against the @entity264 -modified peptide corresponding @entity1522 3136 and 3155 in apo B-100 is common in subjects with asymptomatic @entity66 , and high levels are associated with a more rapid progression of @entity1004 . The observation that the effect of @entity5470 was restricted to subjects with high MDA-p210 IgM levels may reflect the increased rate of disease progression in this group.

title: Association between IgM against an XXXX -modified peptide in apolipoprotein B-100 and progression of @entity66 .

answer: @entity264 :: (CHEBI:17478,Chemical) :: ['aldehyde']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To estimate the percentage of @entity1 with @entity2182 ( @entity2182 ) attending urology or gynaecology outpatient clinics who show associated diseases which complicate their clinical state and quality of life. METHODS: This is an epidemiologic, cross-sectional and multicentre real world trial. 1,659 @entity1 with @entity2182 were studied in urology or gynaecology outpatient clinics. Demographic data, anthropometric data, presence of @entity102 ( @entity101 , @entity6 , @entity66 , @entity63 , @entity1030 , cognitive damaged, @entity231 , @entity717 and @entity1142 ), presence of associated diseases (falls, lower @entity293 , genital @entity272 , @entity308 , @entity250 and @entity25 ), presence of @entity322 and impact on quality of life according to ICIQ-UI SF score. RESULTS: Mean age (S.D) of studied sample was 59.2 (12.9) years and 73.6% were female. Most @entity1 lived in urban settings (67.3%), had primary studies or less (56.8%) and had active work or at home work (66.2%). Most frequent diseases associated to @entity2182 , lower @entity293 and @entity25 . @entity250 was more frequent in males than in females; lower @entity293 , genital @entity272 and @entity308 were more frequent in females than in males. @entity1 with these diseases showed higher ICIQ-UI SF scores than @entity1 without them, indicating higher impact. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of associated diseases in @entity1 with @entity2182 is frequent in males and females and it is associated to higher impact in @entity1 's life. It seems relevant to pay attention in detecting them through the medical history of @entity1 consulting about @entity2182 or @entity322 .

title: [Comorbidity associated to XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence symptoms']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic cardiopathy']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infections']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['OB', 'Overactive Bladder', 'OB were genital skin infections']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disability']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction', 'Sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity2182 :: (MESH:D053201,Disease) :: ['overactive bladder syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have identified an association between @entity2794 and vestibular symptoms, such as dizziness, vertigo, and motion sensitivity. Using bipolar, binaural @entity394 ( @entity394 ), our objectives were to (1) determine the degree of vestibular sensitivity in borderline @entity10 sufferers, and (2) characterize the postural response to vestibular perturbation in these individuals. METHODS: Fourteen volunteers participated in this study: 8 individuals with @entity2794 (6 with @entity2704 and 2 with @entity2701 ( @entity2701 )), and 6 healthy control subjects. Thirty trials of 15-second duration were conducted across 6 conditions ( @entity394 left (L) or right (R), or no stimulation (No @entity394 ) with either @entity735 closed (EC)). Peak medial-lateral (M-L) centre of pressure (CoP) was calculated during quiet stance. RESULTS: @entity10 subjects demonstrated significantly higher peak displacement of the M-L CoP than control subjects (p=0.0461). Although peak M-L CoP in both the EO (p = 0.0753) and EC (p=0.09623) visual conditions were not significantly different between @entity10 sufferers compared to healthy controls, there is some suggestion that @entity1 with @entity2794 may use vestibular information to a greater extent and that the presence of vision may not sufficiently compensate for vestibular induced instability. The initial push M-L CoP was not significantly different between groups, suggesting different sensory contributions for the initial and latter response to @entity394 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity2794 exhibit increased postural sway, which may reflect the re-weighting of sensory information with an increased vestibular and a reduced visual contribution to postural control. SIGNIFICANCE: These results support existing research on @entity394 in @entity2794 sufferers that may provide a basis for future treatment therapies.

title: Increased vestibular contribution to posture control in individuals with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['People', 'people']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['eyes open (EO) or eyes']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['headache disorders', 'chronic headache']

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['tension type headache', 'TTH']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'Headache']

entities_list: @entity394 :: ('MESH:D015837', 'Disease') :: ['GVS', 'vestibular abnormalities', 'galvanic vestibular stimulation']

answer: @entity2794 :: (MESH:D020773,Disease) :: ['chronic headache']


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the ability of VEMP to disclose spatial dissemination of @entity15 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six @entity15 @entity1 with auditory and/or vestibular symptoms were studied. @entity1 were divided in two groups. Group 1 included 24 @entity1 with brainstem MRI findings, and Group 2 included 22 @entity1 without MRI findings. VEMP and BAEP have been recorded and assessed. RESULTS: Abnormal p13n23 wave was observed in 50%, while unilateral absence or bilateral delay of the n34p44 in 43% of the @entity1 . The overall diagnostic value considering abnormal cases suggested by both first and second VEMP waves was increased to 71%. Statistically significant differences revealed between @entity1 and controls for @entity4668 latency (p=0.018). The p13n23 was abnormal in 7 @entity1 , although MRI scanning did not reveal @entity75 . In 9 out of 18 @entity15 @entity1 suffering from @entity393 , n34p44 was present in the unaffected ears and absent in the affected side, although p13n23 was normal. CONCLUSION: Abnormal VEMP imply the presence of lesions undetected by MRI neuroimaging, which verifies the diagnostic value of the method. Unilateral absence of n34p44 complex was related with @entity1274 , supporting the hypothesis that n34p44 is of cochlear origin.

title: The diagnostic value of earlier and later components of Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (VEMP) in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brainstem lesions']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'Multiple Sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neovascularization was shown to be critically involved in the progression of @entity5 , and treatment approaches targeting @entity5 -associated @entity2295 provide convincing results in recent years in some @entity5 entities. However, little is known about the @entity5 -associated @entity2295 in @entity201 . The present study was conducted to analyze @entity5 -associated @entity2295 in @entity201 and to determine its influence on @entity5 growth, @entity3 , recurrence, and prognosis. METHODS: We analyzed tissue specimens of @entity201 (n = 60) by immunohistochemistry using the endothelial-specific antibody @entity2279 and subsequently quantified the microvessel density (MVD). The MVD was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence pattern of the @entity5 as well as survival of @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity201 revealed a high degree of vascularization, with a calculated mean MVD of 28.1 +/- 14.5 vessels. @entity5 with a high MVD had a significant higher incidence of lymph node involvement (P = 0.009) and local recurrence (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a high MVD was identified to be a significant overall survival disadvantage (3-year, 28% vs. 93%; 5-year, 8% vs. 78%; P < 0.001) as well as disease-free survival disadvantage (3-year, 7% vs. 88%, 5-year, 7% vs. 72%; P < 0.001), with MVD representing an independent prognostic factor for survival. CONCLUSIONS: Neovascularization is associated with nodal spread as well as local recurrence and serves as an independent prognostic factor for survival after curative resection of @entity201 . Therefore, @entity5 -associated @entity2295 seems to be critically involved in the progression of this @entity5 entity. In addition, @entity2295 may represent a potential target in he development of new therapeutic approaches in @entity201 .

title: Microvessel density correlates with lymph node @entity3 and prognosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'multiple cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['hilar cholangiocarcinoma', 'Hilar cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['hilar cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neovascularization was shown to be critically involved in the progression of @entity5 , and treatment approaches targeting @entity5 -associated @entity2295 provide convincing results in recent years in some @entity5 entities. However, little is known about the @entity5 -associated @entity2295 in @entity201 . The present study was conducted to analyze @entity5 -associated @entity2295 in @entity201 and to determine its influence on @entity5 growth, @entity3 , recurrence, and prognosis. METHODS: We analyzed tissue specimens of @entity201 (n = 60) by immunohistochemistry using the endothelial-specific antibody @entity2279 and subsequently quantified the microvessel density (MVD). The MVD was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence pattern of the @entity5 as well as survival of @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity201 revealed a high degree of vascularization, with a calculated mean MVD of 28.1 +/- 14.5 vessels. @entity5 with a high MVD had a significant higher incidence of lymph node involvement (P = 0.009) and local recurrence (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a high MVD was identified to be a significant overall survival disadvantage (3-year, 28% vs. 93%; 5-year, 8% vs. 78%; P < 0.001) as well as disease-free survival disadvantage (3-year, 7% vs. 88%, 5-year, 7% vs. 72%; P < 0.001), with MVD representing an independent prognostic factor for survival. CONCLUSIONS: Neovascularization is associated with nodal spread as well as local recurrence and serves as an independent prognostic factor for survival after curative resection of @entity201 . Therefore, @entity5 -associated @entity2295 seems to be critically involved in the progression of this @entity5 entity. In addition, @entity2295 may represent a potential target in he development of new therapeutic approaches in @entity201 .

title: Microvessel density correlates with lymph node XXXX and prognosis in @entity201 .

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate inter- and intrafraction organ motion with an ultrasound-based prostate localization system (BAT) for @entity1 treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy for @entity263 . @entity1 AND METHODS: After set-up to external skin marks, 260/219 ultrasound-based alignments were performed before/after irradiation in 32 consecutive @entity1 . Image quality was classified as good, satisfactory or poor. @entity1 - and imaging-related parameters were analyzed to identify predictors for poor image quality. Shifts in relation to the treatment planning computed tomography (CT) were recorded before/after irradiation in the superior-inferior (SI), anterior-posterior (AP) and right-left (RL) directions to determine inter-/intrafraction prostate motion. RESULTS: The thickness of tissue anterior to the bladder and bladder volume during the ultrasound localization as well as an inferior prostate position relative to @entity10100 (determined in treatment planning CT) were found to be independent predictors of a poor image quality. Interfraction shifts (mean+/-standard deviation: -0.2+/-4.8 [SI], 2.4+/-6.6 [AP] and 1.9+/-4.6 [RL]) varied much stronger than intrafraction shifts (0.0+/-2.0 [SI], 0.6+/-2.2 [AP] and 0.2+/-1.9 [RL]). A larger pressure of the ultrasound probe (determined as a larger reduction of the distance abdominal skin to prostate between the planning CT and the ultrasound) was applied in case of poor image quality, associated with larger systematic posterior prostate displacements. CONCLUSION: Intrafraction prostate shifts are considerably smaller in comparison to interfraction shifts. Bladder filling and a small pressure on the ultrasound probe are crucial to achieve an adequate image quality without systematic prostate displacements.

title: Image-guided radiotherapy for XXXX . Implementation of ultrasound-based prostate localization for the analysis of inter- and intrafraction organ motion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity10100 :: ('MESH:D059388', 'Disease') :: ['public symphysis']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Presented in this study were three cases of @entity2 undergoing pulmonary venoplasty. In the 3 @entity1 with central type of @entity2 involving pulmonary vein, the main branch of right superior pulmonary vein and the distal end of the superior-lobe vein were occluded. The root part of the vein of right-middle lobe, plus part of vessel of of right superior vein was resected. The right superior vein was reconstructed by continuous 6-0 Prolene sutures. After the operation, the reconstructed was patent and the surgical margin was @entity5 -free. Postoperatively, clinical manifestations and @entity764 did not show any signs of venous blockade. The @entity1 were discharged healed 3 weeks after the operation. The technical details of the surgery were presented, the improvements on the basis of traditional methods were discussed and its clinical application was evaluated. It is concluded that pulmonary venoplasty is a safe and feasible operation. Further improvement of the surgery will help conserve more lung tissue and benefit more @entity1 because of expanded indications.

title: Application of pulmonary venoplasty in the surgical treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer', 'carcinoma of lung']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['plain chest films']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Between January 2001 and January 2005 we performed the exchange of infected total hip arthroplasties in 40 cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We applied a two-stage procedure when implant salvage was not possible. Our treatment algorithm included complete removal of the infected material, thorough d  bridement, and repeated revisions until cultures were negative. We then implanted a cemented acetabular @entity691 cup with specific antibiotic addition and a cementless modular stem (reverse modular hybrid endoprosthesis). Appropriate intravenous and oral antibiotic therapy was prescribed. RESULTS: A total of 18 @entity1 and 22 @entity1 (age 48-86 years) were followed up for 4-48 months (mean: 12 months). Up to now 38 have remained @entity281 free; in two cases the treatment failed and a resection arthroplasty had to be performed. There were eight complications intraoperatively (shaft fractures); four of them were treated conservatively and four needed additional stabilization. The mean hip score improved from 21 points initially to 81 points at the last examination. All details are listed in table form. Two-stage revision hip arthroplasty for @entity281 using the inverse modular hybrid technique seems to be a safe and reliable method. Further investigation and a larger number of @entity1 are necessary to confirm these preliminary results.

title: [Two-stage procedure to exchange XXXX . Early results after implantation of a reverse modular hybrid endoprosthesis].

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['septic total hip arthroplasties with late periprosthetic infection']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: An estimated one-fourth to one-third of @entity1 with @entity2704 will experience vertigo associated with their @entity2704 attacks. Vestibular @entity2704 frequently presents as a diagnostic challenge as objective neurological findings consistent with this entity have not been well described. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to characterize eye movements of @entity1 presenting with @entity346 during attacks of @entity2704 . DESIGN: A retrospective study of 26 @entity1 presenting with @entity346 during an acute vestibular @entity2704 was performed. All @entity1 were examined while symptomatic during a @entity2704 spell, and also while asymptomatic. All @entity1 underwent tests of vestibular function with either bithermal water caloric or rotary chair electronystagmography. RESULTS: The most common @entity1 was a female of perimenopausal age. Spontaneous @entity346 was seen in 19% of @entity1 and @entity346 provoked by horizontal headshaking was seen in 35%. @entity346 could be provoked with positional testing in 100% of symptomatic @entity1 with fixation blocked. The positional @entity346 most commonly was sustained, of low velocity, and could be horizontal, vertical or torsional. Bithermal water caloric or rotary chair tests obtained during symptom-free intervals were normal in all @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity346 characteristics are quite variable during vestibular @entity2704 , the finding on examination of low-velocity, sustained @entity346 with positional testing in a young to middle-aged adult @entity1 presenting with vertigo, @entity390 and @entity10 is highly suggestive of vestibular @entity2704 as long as the @entity346 dissipates when the @entity1 is free of symptoms.

title: XXXX during attacks of vestibular @entity2704 : an aid in diagnosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraine', 'migrainous vertigo']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['nystagmus', 'Nystagmus']

answer: @entity346 :: (MESH:D009759,Disease) :: ['Nystagmus']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: An estimated one-fourth to one-third of @entity1 with @entity2704 will experience vertigo associated with their @entity2704 attacks. Vestibular @entity2704 frequently presents as a diagnostic challenge as objective neurological findings consistent with this entity have not been well described. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to characterize eye movements of @entity1 presenting with @entity346 during attacks of @entity2704 . DESIGN: A retrospective study of 26 @entity1 presenting with @entity346 during an acute vestibular @entity2704 was performed. All @entity1 were examined while symptomatic during a @entity2704 spell, and also while asymptomatic. All @entity1 underwent tests of vestibular function with either bithermal water caloric or rotary chair electronystagmography. RESULTS: The most common @entity1 was a female of perimenopausal age. Spontaneous @entity346 was seen in 19% of @entity1 and @entity346 provoked by horizontal headshaking was seen in 35%. @entity346 could be provoked with positional testing in 100% of symptomatic @entity1 with fixation blocked. The positional @entity346 most commonly was sustained, of low velocity, and could be horizontal, vertical or torsional. Bithermal water caloric or rotary chair tests obtained during symptom-free intervals were normal in all @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity346 characteristics are quite variable during vestibular @entity2704 , the finding on examination of low-velocity, sustained @entity346 with positional testing in a young to middle-aged adult @entity1 presenting with vertigo, @entity390 and @entity10 is highly suggestive of vestibular @entity2704 as long as the @entity346 dissipates when the @entity1 is free of symptoms.

title: @entity346 during attacks of vestibular XXXX : an aid in diagnosis.

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migraine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe actual and preferred place of @entity204 of Italian @entity5 @entity1 and to analyse the preferences met regarding the place of @entity204 . DESIGN: Mortality follow back survey of 2000 @entity5 deaths, identified with a two stage probability sample representative of the whole country. Information on @entity1 ' experience was gathered from the non-professional caregiver with an interview. A section of the interview covered information on the actual and preferred place of @entity204 of the @entity1 . SETTING: 30 Italian local health districts randomly selected after stratification in four geographical areas. @entity1 : 1900 of 2000 (95.0%) caregivers of @entity5 deaths identified. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of actual and preferred places of @entity204 . RESULTS: Valid interviews were obtained for 66.9% (n = 1271) of the caregivers. Place of @entity204 was home for 57.9% of Italian @entity5 @entity1 , hospital for 34.6%, hospice for 0.7%, nursing home for 6.5%, and ambulance for 0.4%. Wide and significant differences within Italy were seen (home deaths ranged between 94.0% in the south and 28.2% in the north east). Home was the preferred place of @entity204 for 93.5% of @entity1 that expressed a preference, with minimal differences within the country (between 89.5% and 99.0%). Overall 67.1% of the sample died in the place where they preferred to die. CONCLUSIONS: Policymakers should encourage health services to focus on ways of meeting individual preferences on place of @entity204 . As home was the preferred place of @entity204 for most @entity5 @entity1 , effective programmes to enable the @entity1 to remain at home should be implemented.

title: Actual and preferred place of XXXX @entity1 . Results from the Italian survey of the dying of @entity5 (ISDOC).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['death of cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe actual and preferred place of @entity204 of Italian @entity5 @entity1 and to analyse the preferences met regarding the place of @entity204 . DESIGN: Mortality follow back survey of 2000 @entity5 deaths, identified with a two stage probability sample representative of the whole country. Information on @entity1 ' experience was gathered from the non-professional caregiver with an interview. A section of the interview covered information on the actual and preferred place of @entity204 of the @entity1 . SETTING: 30 Italian local health districts randomly selected after stratification in four geographical areas. @entity1 : 1900 of 2000 (95.0%) caregivers of @entity5 deaths identified. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of actual and preferred places of @entity204 . RESULTS: Valid interviews were obtained for 66.9% (n = 1271) of the caregivers. Place of @entity204 was home for 57.9% of Italian @entity5 @entity1 , hospital for 34.6%, hospice for 0.7%, nursing home for 6.5%, and ambulance for 0.4%. Wide and significant differences within Italy were seen (home deaths ranged between 94.0% in the south and 28.2% in the north east). Home was the preferred place of @entity204 for 93.5% of @entity1 that expressed a preference, with minimal differences within the country (between 89.5% and 99.0%). Overall 67.1% of the sample died in the place where they preferred to die. CONCLUSIONS: Policymakers should encourage health services to focus on ways of meeting individual preferences on place of @entity204 . As home was the preferred place of @entity204 for most @entity5 @entity1 , effective programmes to enable the @entity1 to remain at home should be implemented.

title: Actual and preferred place of @entity5 @entity1 . Results from the Italian survey of the dying of XXXX (ISDOC).

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe actual and preferred place of @entity204 of Italian @entity5 @entity1 and to analyse the preferences met regarding the place of @entity204 . DESIGN: Mortality follow back survey of 2000 @entity5 deaths, identified with a two stage probability sample representative of the whole country. Information on @entity1 ' experience was gathered from the non-professional caregiver with an interview. A section of the interview covered information on the actual and preferred place of @entity204 of the @entity1 . SETTING: 30 Italian local health districts randomly selected after stratification in four geographical areas. @entity1 : 1900 of 2000 (95.0%) caregivers of @entity5 deaths identified. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of actual and preferred places of @entity204 . RESULTS: Valid interviews were obtained for 66.9% (n = 1271) of the caregivers. Place of @entity204 was home for 57.9% of Italian @entity5 @entity1 , hospital for 34.6%, hospice for 0.7%, nursing home for 6.5%, and ambulance for 0.4%. Wide and significant differences within Italy were seen (home deaths ranged between 94.0% in the south and 28.2% in the north east). Home was the preferred place of @entity204 for 93.5% of @entity1 that expressed a preference, with minimal differences within the country (between 89.5% and 99.0%). Overall 67.1% of the sample died in the place where they preferred to die. CONCLUSIONS: Policymakers should encourage health services to focus on ways of meeting individual preferences on place of @entity204 . As home was the preferred place of @entity204 for most @entity5 @entity1 , effective programmes to enable the @entity1 to remain at home should be implemented.

title: Actual and preferred place of @entity5 XXXX . Results from the Italian survey of the dying of @entity5 (ISDOC).

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: An 11-year-old @entity1 manifested with @entity3917 , @entity1736 , external @entity4610 , @entity2421 , @entity425 , @entity427 , and generalized @entity410 (six months). Her elder sister had had uncontrolled @entity410 and @entity3917 and died at seven years of age. In the patient, serum @entity880 was high (55 mg/dl). Muscle biopsy revealed characteristic ragged red and ragged blue fibers, diagnostic of @entity12295 . Sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of the DNA obtained from the muscle biopsy of the @entity1 did not show any characteristic mutation. Four months later, the @entity1 was admitted with a one-week history of @entity10895 partialis @entity10895 (EPC). EEG revealed Periodic Lateralized Epileptiform Discharges (PLEDs), once in 2-4 seconds, over the right temporo-occipital leads. MRI revealed signal change of right motor cortex, which had restricted diffusion. MR spectroscopy (MRS) from this region revealed lactate peak. EPC remained refractory to multiple anti- @entity302 drugs, immuno-modulators, coenzyme-Q, and @entity6211 . This thought provoking report expands the spectrum of mitochondrial cytopathies.

title: @entity10895 XXXX in mitochondrial dysfunction: Interesting phenotypic and MRI observations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity6211 :: ('MESH:D002331', 'Chemical') :: ['carnitine']

entities_list: @entity10895 :: ('MESH:D017036', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsia', 'continua']

entities_list: @entity12295 :: ('MESH:D007625', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial cytopathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness of proximal limb muscles']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyporeflexia']

answer: @entity10895 :: (MESH:D017036,Disease) :: ['continua']


abstract: An 11-year-old @entity1 manifested with @entity3917 , @entity1736 , external @entity4610 , @entity2421 , @entity425 , @entity427 , and generalized @entity410 (six months). Her elder sister had had uncontrolled @entity410 and @entity3917 and died at seven years of age. In the patient, serum @entity880 was high (55 mg/dl). Muscle biopsy revealed characteristic ragged red and ragged blue fibers, diagnostic of @entity12295 . Sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of the DNA obtained from the muscle biopsy of the @entity1 did not show any characteristic mutation. Four months later, the @entity1 was admitted with a one-week history of @entity10895 partialis @entity10895 (EPC). EEG revealed Periodic Lateralized Epileptiform Discharges (PLEDs), once in 2-4 seconds, over the right temporo-occipital leads. MRI revealed signal change of right motor cortex, which had restricted diffusion. MR spectroscopy (MRS) from this region revealed lactate peak. EPC remained refractory to multiple anti- @entity302 drugs, immuno-modulators, coenzyme-Q, and @entity6211 . This thought provoking report expands the spectrum of mitochondrial cytopathies.

title: XXXX @entity10895 in mitochondrial dysfunction: Interesting phenotypic and MRI observations.

answer: @entity10895 :: (MESH:D017036,Disease) :: ['Epilepsia partialis']


abstract: RATIONALE: Airway remodeling is an important feature of chronic @entity565 that causes irreversible airflow obstruction. Although @entity565 is considered to be a @entity61 disease, the role of @entity19985 and @entity19986 , the key transcription factors for differentiation toward @entity630 and @entity61 cells, in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: We therefore examined the effects of @entity19986 or @entity19985 induction of @entity630 / @entity61 bias on the development of airway remodeling in @entity19 . METHODS: The development of airway remodeling after repeated allergen challenges was analyzed using @entity19 overexpressing either @entity19986 or @entity19985 . MAIN RESULTS: The degrees of subepithelial @entity82 and airway smooth @entity121 after repeated allergen exposure were significantly enhanced in @entity19 overexpressing @entity19986 , compared with wild-type @entity19 . Allergen-induced @entity1373 and mucus hypersecretion were significantly lower in @entity19 overexpressing @entity19985 than in wild-type @entity19 . Eosinophilic airway inflammation increased in @entity19 overexpressing @entity19986 , but decreased in @entity19 overexpressing @entity19985 after repeated allergen exposure. Cytokine analysis revealed that the @entity630 / @entity61 cytokine balance shifted to @entity61 in lung homogenates and lung T cells of @entity19 overexpressing @entity19986 , whereas this balance shifted to @entity630 in those of @entity19 overexpressing @entity19985 after allergen exposure. Lung transforming growth factor-beta and @entity639 levels were associated with the degree of subepithelial @entity82 and @entity32 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results indicate that development of airway remodeling is regulated by the lung @entity630 / @entity61 bias induced by @entity19986 and @entity19985 .

title: Transcription factors XXXX and @entity19986 regulate development of airway remodeling.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic airway inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['goblet cell hyperplasia']

answer: @entity19985 :: (57765(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['T-bet']


abstract: RATIONALE: Airway remodeling is an important feature of chronic @entity565 that causes irreversible airflow obstruction. Although @entity565 is considered to be a @entity61 disease, the role of @entity19985 and @entity19986 , the key transcription factors for differentiation toward @entity630 and @entity61 cells, in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: We therefore examined the effects of @entity19986 or @entity19985 induction of @entity630 / @entity61 bias on the development of airway remodeling in @entity19 . METHODS: The development of airway remodeling after repeated allergen challenges was analyzed using @entity19 overexpressing either @entity19986 or @entity19985 . MAIN RESULTS: The degrees of subepithelial @entity82 and airway smooth @entity121 after repeated allergen exposure were significantly enhanced in @entity19 overexpressing @entity19986 , compared with wild-type @entity19 . Allergen-induced @entity1373 and mucus hypersecretion were significantly lower in @entity19 overexpressing @entity19985 than in wild-type @entity19 . Eosinophilic airway inflammation increased in @entity19 overexpressing @entity19986 , but decreased in @entity19 overexpressing @entity19985 after repeated allergen exposure. Cytokine analysis revealed that the @entity630 / @entity61 cytokine balance shifted to @entity61 in lung homogenates and lung T cells of @entity19 overexpressing @entity19986 , whereas this balance shifted to @entity630 in those of @entity19 overexpressing @entity19985 after allergen exposure. Lung transforming growth factor-beta and @entity639 levels were associated with the degree of subepithelial @entity82 and @entity32 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results indicate that development of airway remodeling is regulated by the lung @entity630 / @entity61 bias induced by @entity19986 and @entity19985 .

title: Transcription factors @entity19985 and XXXX regulate development of airway remodeling.

answer: @entity19986 :: (14462(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['GATA-3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In this study, the authors assessed the ability of @entity35 bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMDMSCs), in the presence of a growth factor, @entity26684 ( @entity26684 ) and @entity692 , to act as a scaffold for posterolateral spinal fusion in a @entity35 model. METHODS: Using a @entity35 posterolateral spine fusion model, the experimental study comprised 3 groups. Group 1 was composed of 6 animals that were implanted with 0.08 gram @entity692 only. Group 2 was composed of 6 animals that were implanted with 0.08 gram @entity692 containing 1 x 10(6)/ 60 microL @entity35 of BMDMSCs. Group 3 was composed of 6 animals that were implanted with 0.08 gram @entity692 containing 1 x 10(6)/ 60 microL of @entity35 BMDMSCs and @entity26684 1 microG to induce the bony differentiation of the BMDMSCs. @entity35 were assessed using radiographs obtained at 4, 6, and 8 weeks postoperatively. After sacrifice, spines were explanted and assessed by manual palpation, high-resolution microcomputerized tomography, and histological analysis. RESULTS: Radiographic, high-resolution microcomputerized tomographic, and manual palpation revealed spinal fusion in five @entity35 (83%) in Group 2 at 8 weeks. However, in Group 1, three (60%) @entity35 developed fusion at L4-L5 by radiography and two (40%) by manual palpation in radiographic examination. In addition, in Group 3, bone fusion was observed in only 50% of @entity35 by manual palpation and radiographic examination at this time. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that 0.08 gram of @entity692 with 1 x 10(6)/ 60 microL @entity35 of BMDMSCs induced bone fusion. @entity26684 , added to differentiate primitive 1 x 10(6)/ 60 microL @entity35 of BMDMSCs did not induce fusion. Based on histologic data, @entity26684 appears to induce fibrotic change rather than differentiation to bone by 1 x 10(6)/ 60 microL @entity35 of BMDMSCs.

title: Evaluation of Spinal Fusion Using Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells with or without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

answer: @entity26684 :: (116499(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Fibroblast Growth Factor-4']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the short-term safety and efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for the treatment of @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ) secondary to @entity1596 . DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. @entity1 : Thirteen @entity1 undergoing treatment for recalcitrant uveitic macular @entity4 at one referral center. METHODS: Charts of @entity1 who received one 2.5-mg intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in one eye were reviewed for clinical information including best-corrected Snellen visual acuity (VA), examination findings, optical coherence tomography (OCT) results, and @entity941 angiography results. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate probability success rates. The statistical significance of change in mean retinal thickness and VA was assessed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Assessments of changes in best-corrected Snellen VA and OCT retinal thickness were made. RESULTS: Six (46.15%) @entity1 had a decrease in foveal thickness at the end of the follow-up, whereas 5 (38.4%) @entity1 had an improvement of VA by > or =2 lines 84 days or more after the injection. Mean retinal thickness showed a significant decrease over the follow-up (P<0.02). The change in mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution VA over the follow-up was not significant (P>0.05). Survival analysis showed that the probability of any improvement in VA increased progressively starting at 6 weeks and reached 81% at 14 weeks. No significant ocular or systemic adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab is well tolerated and is associated with short-term improvement in VA and decreased OCT retinal thickness in a considerable proportion of @entity1 with uveitic @entity1103 resistant to conventional therapy. Further evaluation of intravitreal bevacizumab for uveitic @entity1103 in controlled randomized studies is warranted.

title: Intravitreal bevacizumab for treatment of uveitic macular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['CME', 'cystoid macular edema']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['edema']


abstract: Previous research has shown that @entity1 with @entity1277 have a characteristic cognitive bias, making internal attributions when evaluating negative events. However, there is less clarity about their attributions for positive events. There are suggestions that this cognitive style might be influenced by depressed mood. This study examines attributional style in the @entity1277 for positive and negative events, independent of covariant effects of @entity308 . Twenty-five eating-disordered @entity1 and 26 nonclinical @entity1 each completed measures of attributional style, depressed mood, and eating pathology. They also completed a measure of verbal intelligence (to ensure comparability of groups). @entity1 with an @entity1277 had a greater tendency to attribute negative situations to the self when compared with nonclinical @entity1 , even when differences in depressed mood were controlled for. There were no comparable differences in positive attributional biases. @entity1 with an @entity1277 adopt a self-blaming style when evaluating negative events, and such self-blame is likely to contribute to the maintenance of an @entity1277 . This suggests that therapy for the @entity1277 should include an element that focuses on highlighting and re-evaluating such interpretations.

title: Attributional style in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders', 'eating disorder']

answer: @entity1277 :: (MESH:D001068,Disease) :: ['eating disorders']