abstract: UNASSIGNED: Primary oral mucosal @entity320 (POMM) is uncommon. Its biological behavior is more aggressive than that of @entity320 . Its site-specific prognostic factors and optimal management have not been determined yet. Retrospective POMM case analysis from peer-reviewed publications in the PubMed and Embase electronic database from January 1984 to December 2013, in which therapy and outcome data were available, was performed. A total of 151 primary cases were extracted from 39 peer-reviewed English literatures. The study population includes 63 males and 88 females with a medium age of 61 years. The treatment protocols include surgery alone (18%), radiotherapy alone (14%), surgery plus radiotherapy (14%), surgery plus chemotherapy (31%), as well as surgery plus chemoradiotherapy (15%) and chemoradiotherapy (8%). The male @entity1 have a higher risk for @entity3 than the female @entity1 do (odds ratio [OR]; 3.41, P = 0.021). The POMM originating from specialized mucosa was associated with increased risk for @entity5 recurrence and mortality (OR, 4.03, P = 0.001; OR, 2.03, P = 0.031, respectively). The @entity1 who had surgery-based multiple therapy have a significantly longer survival compared with those who had surgery alone and those who had no surgical treatment (P = 0.000). The age of 60 years or younger (hazard ratio [HR], 4.69; P = 0.000), nonsurgical treatment (HR, 12.838; P = 0.000), and surgery alone (HR, 1.517; P = 0.001) were independent adverse prognostic factors for overall survival. Taken together, the study results suggest that surgery-based multiple therapy is the most effective treatment protocol. The age of 60 years, nonsurgical treatment, and surgery alone were independent adverse prognostic factors for overall survival.

title: The Management and Site-Specific Prognostic Factors of Primary Oral Mucosal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous malignant melanoma', 'malignant melanoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['Malignant Melanoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity5 diagnosed during pregnancy is rare, @entity43 (EOCs) comprise approximately one quarter to one half of cases of @entity43 diagnosed during pregnancy. The behavior of EOC during pregnancy and its implications for maternal and fetal outcomes is not well understood. In order to better define these outcomes, a systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE using @entity43 " for the period from 1955 to 2013. The literature search identified 105 cases eligible for analysis. Clinical characteristics, pregnancy outcome, @entity5 characteristics, clinical management, and survival outcomes were all evaluated. Serious adverse events were defined as complications related to EOC that resulted in severe morbidity or mortality for the mother and/or fetus. The mean age of cases was 31.6 years. The most common histology was serous (47.6%), followed by mucinous (27.6%) and endometrioid types (10.5%). The most common presenting symptom was abdominal or pelvic @entity158 (26.7%) while incidentally detected @entity5 accounted for one third of cases. The majority of cases were stage I at diagnosis (63.8%) followed by @entity5 (24.8%), and the median @entity5 size was 12cm. Live births occurred in 81.3% of cases, and of the remainder 72.2% were due to elective termination. Intrapartum surgery primarily took place in the second trimester (43%) with fetal conservation in 61.9% of operations. Over half of cases received chemotherapy (55.2%), approximately one third of which received it during the pregnancy (36.2%). Among the 21 cases treated with chemotherapy during pregnancy, there was no association with small for gestational age or fetal malformations. Serious adverse events occurred in 21.9% of cases, of which the most common was @entity5 rupture during pregnancy (10.5%). Three (2.9%) maternal @entity204 following surgery during pregnancy and five (6.4%) neonatal @entity204 were reported. Gestational age at @entity5 diagnosis (2-year overall survival rate, 1st trimester 94.6%, 2nd trimester 88.8%, and 3rd trimester 72.9%, p=0.041) type of histology (serous 88.1%, mucinous 84.6%, endometrioid 89.5%, clear cell 100%, mixed type 75.0%, and undifferentiated 30.0%, p<0.01), stage (stage I 96.9%, stage II 85.7%, stage III 56.3%, and stage IV 25.0%, p<0.01), and serious adverse events (yes versus no, 68.1% versus 92.2%, p=0.041) were significantly related to maternal overall survival in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, stage III/IV disease remained the independent prognostic factor associated with decreased maternal overall survival (stage III, hazard ratio 44.6, p<0.01; and stage IV, hazard ratio 399, p<0.01). In conclusion, although the majority of EOC cases during pregnancy resulted in live birth, maternal and neonatal mortality needs to be considered in the counseling and management of these pregnancies.

title: Feto-maternal outcomes of pregnancy complicated by XXXX : a systematic review of literature.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage III disease', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['entry keywords "pregnancy" and "ovarian cancer', 'ovarian malignancy', 'epithelial cell type ovarian cancers']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['deaths', 'death']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. @entity250 , common in general medical practice, is under-recognized and inadequately managed resulting in significant morbidity and reduction in quality of life. We examined the nature, prevalence, clinical features and explanatory models of @entity221 among @entity1 with @entity250 in a general healthcare setting. Methods. We recruited 270 consecutive @entity1 attending a general health clinic. @entity1 were evaluated using a structured interview. The International Index of Erectile Function-5, the Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation-5, Short Explanatory Model Interview and the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule were used to assess @entity250 , explanatory models and @entity146 morbidity. Results. @entity2754 and @entity323 were reported by 43.0% and 47.8% of @entity1 , respectively. The most common perceived causes were loss of semen due to masturbation and nocturnal emission. Popular treatments were herbal remedies and resources used were traditional healers. The factors associated with @entity323 were @entity6 , financial stress, past history of @entity146 treatment and @entity146 such as @entity308 and @entity148 ; those associated with @entity2754 were @entity146 , older age and financial debt. @entity250 and concerns were under-diagnosed by physicians when compared to the research interview. Conclusion. There is a need to recognize sexual problems and effectively manage them in general medical settings. The need for sex education in schools and through the mass media, to remove sexual misconceptions, cannot be under-emphasized.

title: XXXX among @entity1 in secondary care in southern India: Nature, prevalence, clinical features and explanatory models.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'common mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity2754 :: ('MESH:D061686', 'Disease') :: ['Premature ejaculation', 'premature ejaculation']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction', 'Sexual dysfunctions', 'Sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity250 :: (MESH:D012735,Disease) :: ['Sexual dysfunction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. @entity250 , common in general medical practice, is under-recognized and inadequately managed resulting in significant morbidity and reduction in quality of life. We examined the nature, prevalence, clinical features and explanatory models of @entity221 among @entity1 with @entity250 in a general healthcare setting. Methods. We recruited 270 consecutive @entity1 attending a general health clinic. @entity1 were evaluated using a structured interview. The International Index of Erectile Function-5, the Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation-5, Short Explanatory Model Interview and the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule were used to assess @entity250 , explanatory models and @entity146 morbidity. Results. @entity2754 and @entity323 were reported by 43.0% and 47.8% of @entity1 , respectively. The most common perceived causes were loss of semen due to masturbation and nocturnal emission. Popular treatments were herbal remedies and resources used were traditional healers. The factors associated with @entity323 were @entity6 , financial stress, past history of @entity146 treatment and @entity146 such as @entity308 and @entity148 ; those associated with @entity2754 were @entity146 , older age and financial debt. @entity250 and concerns were under-diagnosed by physicians when compared to the research interview. Conclusion. There is a need to recognize sexual problems and effectively manage them in general medical settings. The need for sex education in schools and through the mass media, to remove sexual misconceptions, cannot be under-emphasized.

title: @entity250 among XXXX in secondary care in southern India: Nature, prevalence, clinical features and explanatory models.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between hospital teaching status and mortality after pancreatic resection is not well explored. Although hospital volume is related to short-term mortality, the effect on long-term survival needs investigation, taking into account hospital teaching status and selective referral patterns. METHODS: This was a nationwide retrospective register-based cohort study of @entity1 undergoing pancreatic resection between 1990 and 2010. Follow-up for survival was carried out until 31 December 2011. The associations between hospital teaching status and annual hospital volume and short-, intermediate- and long-term mortality were determined by use of multivariable Cox regression models, which provided hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 per cent c.i. The analyses were mutually adjusted for hospital teaching status and volume, as well as for @entity1 ' sex, age, education, co-morbidity, type of resection, @entity5 site and histology, time interval, referral and hospital clustering. RESULTS: A total of 3298 @entity1 were identified during the study interval. Hospital teaching status was associated with a decrease in overall mortality during the latest interval (years 2005-2010) (university versus non-university hospitals: HR 0  72, 95 per cent c.i. 0  56 to 0  91; P   =   0  007). During all time periods, hospital teaching status was associated with decreased mortality more than 2   years after surgery (university versus non-university hospitals: HR 0  86, 0  75 to 0  98; P   =   0  026). Lower annual hospital volume increased the risk of short-term mortality (HR for 3 or fewer compared with 4-6 @entity788 resections annually: 1  60, 1  04 to 2  48; P   =   0  034), but not long-term mortality. Sensitivity analyses with adjustment for @entity5 stage did not change the results. CONCLUSION: Hospital teaching status was strongly related to decreased mortality in both the short and long term. This may relate to processes of care rather than volume per se. Very low-volume hospitals had the highest short-term mortality risk.

title: Hospital teaching status and volume related to mortality after XXXX surgery in a national cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objectives of the study were  to determine the relative importance of barriers related to the provision of intensive combination treatment strategies with glucocorticoids (ICTS-GCs) in early @entity309 (ERA) from the rheumatologists' perspective and to explore the relation between rheumatologists' characteristics and importance scores. A @entity2653 ( @entity2653 ) survey was administered to 66 rheumatologists in Flanders and the Brussels-Capital Region. The survey included 25 barriers, previously being discovered in a qualitative study. The survey included 25 choice sets, each of which contained a different set of four barriers. In each choice situation, respondents were asked to choose the most important barrier. The mean relative importance score (RIS) for each barrier was calculated using hierarchical Bayes modeling. The potential relation between rheumatologists' characteristics and the RIS was examined using Spearman's correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test. The three highest ranked barriers included "contraindicated for some @entity1 (e.g., @entity1 with comorbidities, older @entity1 )," "an increased risk of side effects and related complications," and " @entity1 ' resistance" with a mean        SD RIS of 9.76        0.82, 8.50        1.17, and 7.45        1.22, respectively. Comparing the RISs based on rheumatologists' characteristics, a different ranking was found for three barriers depending on the age, university location, and/or frequency of prescribing ICTS-GCs. The dominant barriers hindering ICTS-GCs prescription from a rheumatologists' perspective are @entity1 -related barriers and barriers related to the complexity of prescribing a combination therapy including GCs. A tailored improvement intervention is needed to overcome these barriers and should focus on the familiarity of rheumatologists with ICTS-GC and @entity1 education.

title: A XXXX survey of barriers to intensive combination treatment strategies with glucocorticoids in early @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2653 :: ('MESH:C538175', 'Disease') :: ['MDS', 'maximum difference scaling']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity2653 :: (MESH:C538175,Disease) :: ['maximum difference scaling']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objectives of the study were  to determine the relative importance of barriers related to the provision of intensive combination treatment strategies with glucocorticoids (ICTS-GCs) in early @entity309 (ERA) from the rheumatologists' perspective and to explore the relation between rheumatologists' characteristics and importance scores. A @entity2653 ( @entity2653 ) survey was administered to 66 rheumatologists in Flanders and the Brussels-Capital Region. The survey included 25 barriers, previously being discovered in a qualitative study. The survey included 25 choice sets, each of which contained a different set of four barriers. In each choice situation, respondents were asked to choose the most important barrier. The mean relative importance score (RIS) for each barrier was calculated using hierarchical Bayes modeling. The potential relation between rheumatologists' characteristics and the RIS was examined using Spearman's correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test. The three highest ranked barriers included "contraindicated for some @entity1 (e.g., @entity1 with comorbidities, older @entity1 )," "an increased risk of side effects and related complications," and " @entity1 ' resistance" with a mean        SD RIS of 9.76        0.82, 8.50        1.17, and 7.45        1.22, respectively. Comparing the RISs based on rheumatologists' characteristics, a different ranking was found for three barriers depending on the age, university location, and/or frequency of prescribing ICTS-GCs. The dominant barriers hindering ICTS-GCs prescription from a rheumatologists' perspective are @entity1 -related barriers and barriers related to the complexity of prescribing a combination therapy including GCs. A tailored improvement intervention is needed to overcome these barriers and should focus on the familiarity of rheumatologists with ICTS-GC and @entity1 education.

title: A @entity2653 survey of barriers to intensive combination treatment strategies with glucocorticoids in early XXXX .

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: @entity409 mediated by activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) leads to liver @entity82 . Here, we postulated that the immune regulatory properties of HSCs might promote the profibrogenic activity of B cells. @entity82 is completely attenuated in @entity4314 -treated, B cell-deficient   MT @entity19 , showing that B cells are required. The @entity1968 produced by HSCs augmented B-cell survival, plasma cell marker @entity10828 expression, and immunoglobulin G production. These activities were reversed following addition of the @entity1968 inhibitor @entity71542 . Transcriptional profiling of fibrotic liver B cells revealed increased expression of genes related to activation of nuclear factor k light chain enhancer of activated B cells, proinflammatory cytokine production, and @entity14636 signaling, suggesting that these B cells are activated and may be acting as inflammatory cells. Biological validation experiments also revealed increased activation ( @entity3844 and @entity11787 expression), constitutive immunoglobulin G production, and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, @entity1750 , and macrophage inflammatory protein-1a. Likewise, targeted deletion of B-cell-intrinsic myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 signaling, an innate adaptor with involvement in @entity1968 signaling, resulted in reduced infiltration of migratory @entity11805 (+) dendritic cells and @entity19347 (++) monocytes and, hence, reduced liver pathology. CONCLUSION: Liver @entity82 occurs through a mechanism of HSC-mediated augmentation of innate B-cell activity. These findings highlight B cells as important "first responders" of the intrahepatic immune environment.

title: Liver XXXX occurs through dysregulation of MyD88-dependent innate B-cell activity.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'Fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4314 :: ('MESH:D002251', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon tetrachloride']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1750 :: ('20296(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this systematic review was to identify and describe brief dietary assessment tools suitable for use in clinical practice in the management of @entity28 , @entity65 and @entity164 2 @entity6 . Papers describing development of brief (<35 items) dietary assessment questionnaires, that were accessible, simple to score and assessed aspects of the diet of relevance to the conditions of interest were identified from electronic databases. The development of 35 tools was described in 47 papers. Ten tools assessed healthy eating or healthy dietary patterns, 2 assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 18 assessed dietary fat intake, and 5 assessed vegetable and/or fruit intake. Twenty tools were developed in North America. Test-retest reliability was conducted on 18 tools; correlation coefficients for total scores ranged from 0.59 to 0.95. Relative validation was conducted on 34 tools. The most common reference variable was percentage energy from fat (15 tools) and correlation coefficients ranged from 0.24, P<0.001 to 0.79, P<0.002. Tools that have been evaluated for reliability and/or relative validity are suitable for guiding clinicians when providing dietary advice. Variation in study design, settings and populations makes it difficult to recommend one tool over another, although future developers can enhance the understanding and use of tools by giving clear guidance as to the strengths and limitations of the study design. When selecting a tool, clinicians should consider whether their @entity1 population is similar in characteristics to the evaluation sample.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 25 February 2015; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.6.

title: A systematic review of brief dietary questionnaires suitable for clinical use in the prevention and management of @entity28 , @entity65 and XXXX 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this systematic review was to identify and describe brief dietary assessment tools suitable for use in clinical practice in the management of @entity28 , @entity65 and @entity164 2 @entity6 . Papers describing development of brief (<35 items) dietary assessment questionnaires, that were accessible, simple to score and assessed aspects of the diet of relevance to the conditions of interest were identified from electronic databases. The development of 35 tools was described in 47 papers. Ten tools assessed healthy eating or healthy dietary patterns, 2 assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 18 assessed dietary fat intake, and 5 assessed vegetable and/or fruit intake. Twenty tools were developed in North America. Test-retest reliability was conducted on 18 tools; correlation coefficients for total scores ranged from 0.59 to 0.95. Relative validation was conducted on 34 tools. The most common reference variable was percentage energy from fat (15 tools) and correlation coefficients ranged from 0.24, P<0.001 to 0.79, P<0.002. Tools that have been evaluated for reliability and/or relative validity are suitable for guiding clinicians when providing dietary advice. Variation in study design, settings and populations makes it difficult to recommend one tool over another, although future developers can enhance the understanding and use of tools by giving clear guidance as to the strengths and limitations of the study design. When selecting a tool, clinicians should consider whether their @entity1 population is similar in characteristics to the evaluation sample.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 25 February 2015; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.6.

title: A systematic review of brief dietary questionnaires suitable for clinical use in the prevention and management of XXXX , @entity65 and @entity164 2 @entity6 .

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this systematic review was to identify and describe brief dietary assessment tools suitable for use in clinical practice in the management of @entity28 , @entity65 and @entity164 2 @entity6 . Papers describing development of brief (<35 items) dietary assessment questionnaires, that were accessible, simple to score and assessed aspects of the diet of relevance to the conditions of interest were identified from electronic databases. The development of 35 tools was described in 47 papers. Ten tools assessed healthy eating or healthy dietary patterns, 2 assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 18 assessed dietary fat intake, and 5 assessed vegetable and/or fruit intake. Twenty tools were developed in North America. Test-retest reliability was conducted on 18 tools; correlation coefficients for total scores ranged from 0.59 to 0.95. Relative validation was conducted on 34 tools. The most common reference variable was percentage energy from fat (15 tools) and correlation coefficients ranged from 0.24, P<0.001 to 0.79, P<0.002. Tools that have been evaluated for reliability and/or relative validity are suitable for guiding clinicians when providing dietary advice. Variation in study design, settings and populations makes it difficult to recommend one tool over another, although future developers can enhance the understanding and use of tools by giving clear guidance as to the strengths and limitations of the study design. When selecting a tool, clinicians should consider whether their @entity1 population is similar in characteristics to the evaluation sample.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 25 February 2015; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.6.

title: A systematic review of brief dietary questionnaires suitable for clinical use in the prevention and management of @entity28 , XXXX and @entity164 2 @entity6 .

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this systematic review was to identify and describe brief dietary assessment tools suitable for use in clinical practice in the management of @entity28 , @entity65 and @entity164 2 @entity6 . Papers describing development of brief (<35 items) dietary assessment questionnaires, that were accessible, simple to score and assessed aspects of the diet of relevance to the conditions of interest were identified from electronic databases. The development of 35 tools was described in 47 papers. Ten tools assessed healthy eating or healthy dietary patterns, 2 assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 18 assessed dietary fat intake, and 5 assessed vegetable and/or fruit intake. Twenty tools were developed in North America. Test-retest reliability was conducted on 18 tools; correlation coefficients for total scores ranged from 0.59 to 0.95. Relative validation was conducted on 34 tools. The most common reference variable was percentage energy from fat (15 tools) and correlation coefficients ranged from 0.24, P<0.001 to 0.79, P<0.002. Tools that have been evaluated for reliability and/or relative validity are suitable for guiding clinicians when providing dietary advice. Variation in study design, settings and populations makes it difficult to recommend one tool over another, although future developers can enhance the understanding and use of tools by giving clear guidance as to the strengths and limitations of the study design. When selecting a tool, clinicians should consider whether their @entity1 population is similar in characteristics to the evaluation sample.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 25 February 2015; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.6.

title: A systematic review of brief dietary questionnaires suitable for clinical use in the prevention and management of @entity28 , @entity65 and @entity164 2 XXXX .

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Racial disparity is often identified as a factor in survival from @entity0 in the United States. Current data regarding survival in @entity1 treated in the Department of Defense Military Healthcare System is lacking. METHODS: The Department of Defense Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) was queried for all @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 from January 1, 1996 through December 31, 2008. Statistical analyses evaluated demographics, surgical treatment, @entity5 stage, and survival rates. RESULTS: There were 8,890 @entity1 meeting inclusion criteria. @entity1 who were younger, Asian American (versus white or black), lower T and/or N stage had significantly improved survival rates. Interestingly, white and black @entity1 demonstrated similar survival in this study. @entity1 with a longer period of time between diagnosis and treatment had no decrement in survival. As would be expected, @entity1 with a longer recurrence free period enjoyed longer survival. CONCLUSIONS: Survival from early stage @entity0 is equivalent between white and black @entity1 in the Department of Defense Healthcare System. This finding is contrary to reports from our civilian counterparts and may be indicative of improved access to care and overall improved @entity5 surveillance. J. Surg. Oncol.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Racial disparity in survival from early XXXX in the department of defense healthcare system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Stage I or II breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Purpose. Our aim is to evaluate the results of treatment with computed tomography (CT) guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for @entity10545 which were localized in a difficult area for operation. Materials and Methods. Glenoid, distal tibia, humerus shaft, proximal humerus, and in third finger of the hand proximal phalanx were involved in one @entity1 . Proximal femur was involved in three @entity1 , distal femur was involved in three @entity1 , and proximal tibia was involved in two @entity1 . 9 males and 4 females were aged 4 to 34 years (mean age: 18.5 years). All @entity1 had @entity158 and were evaluated with X-rays, CT, bone scintigraphy, and MRI. In all @entity1 , @entity6470 ablation was performed with local anesthesia. The lesion heated to 90  C for 6 minutes. Results. All of the @entity1 achieved complete @entity158 relief after ablation and were fully weight bearing without any support. In all @entity1 , there was soft tissue @entity4 after the procedure. During follow-up, all @entity1 were free from the @entity158 and there was no sign about the @entity5 . There was no other complication after the process. Conclusion. CT guided RFA is a minimally invasive, safe, and cost-effective treatment for @entity10545 placed in difficult area for surgery.

title: XXXX treated with radiofrequency ablation.

entities_list: @entity10545 :: ('MESH:D010017', 'Disease') :: ['osteoid osteoma', 'osteoid osteomas']

answer: @entity10545 :: (MESH:D010017,Disease) :: ['Osteoid osteoma']


abstract: A severe, @entity2335 that resulted in macroscopic @entity811 occurred in 8 of 20 healthy @entity235 undergoing a series of diagnostic tests. Four of the remaining 12 @entity235 had mild @entity1494 consisting of @entity4 and @entity548 . Nine of the 20 @entity235 developed @entity293 after the procedures. These complications seemed associated with the radiographic technique of retrograde urethrography performed when the urinary bladder was distended. To test this hypothesis, retrograde urethrography was performed on 5 additional @entity235 . With the bladder undistended, no complications occurred. However, distention of these same @entity235 ' bladders for 1 minute or less with sterile lactated Ringer's solution administered through a Foley catheter in the penile urethra resulted in a macroscopic @entity811 in all 5 @entity235 which persisted for 24 hours. A microscopic @entity811 continued for 5 days. One @entity235 developed a @entity293 . A severe fibrinopurulent @entity2335 was present at necropsy of 2 @entity235 2 days after distention. The morphologic changes in the bladder gradually diminished over 7 days, but mild @entity4 and @entity548 were still present when 2 @entity235 were necropsied, 7 days after distention. These studies indicated that retrograde urethrography in @entity235 may be complicated by @entity2335 and @entity293 if performed with @entity1494 .

title: Complications of XXXX during retrograde urethrography.

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder lesions', 'urinary bladder distention']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal edema']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['cystitis', 'hemorrhagic cystitis', 'ulcerative cystitis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'bacterial urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder distension']


abstract: Case A @entity1 of Greek descent, employed as a furniture installer, aged 38 years and generally well, presented with gradual-onset, progressive, excruciating @entity662 with severe limitation of left shoulder movements. He first noticed a @entity158 around the left upper chest region, which was exacerbated by shoulder movements. Within a few hours, the @entity158 worsened and was accompanied by left shoulder stiffness. He presented twice to the emergency department within 2 days, but his condition was diagnosed as @entity158 following normal shoulder X-ray and electrocardiogram (ECG), and he was discharged with oral opioid @entity1337 . He presented a third time to the emergency department with extreme upper anterior @entity662 , refractory to oral @entity1337 . He was otherwise systemically well and had no fever, @entity281 . He denied @entity130 , new tattoos, intravenous drug use or @entity272 on the chest. He had not been sexually active for the @entity26645 year and had been in a monogamous heterosexual relationship for 4 years prior. Examination revealed mild erythema in the left sternoclavicular region with no overt swelling or @entity272 . The upper anterior chest wall was tender to palpation, especially in the left medial clavicular region, and range of movement of the left shoulder was very limited. The initial diagnosis was pectoralis muscle tear and treatment included @entity1337 and a shoulder immobiliser sling for 2 days. However, his severe @entity158 continued to worsen, despite non-opioid and opioid @entity1337 , and was disproportionate to the working diagnosis. He remained afebrile throughout his hospital stay. Results of laboratory tests performed on day 3 of admission showed a white cell count (WCC) of 11.6 x 10/L (normal range 4.5-13.5 x 10/L) and @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) of 119 mg/L (normal range <5 mg/L). Weight-bearing X-rays of his left shoulder and acromioclavicular joint were unremarkable. Computerised tomography (CT) chest angiography revealed no cause for @entity662 , particularly no @entity1580 . Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, Figure 1) showed severe @entity4 involving the upper chest wall, predominantly centred around the left sternoclavicular joint, and surrounding @entity4 within the pectoralis major muscle superficial to the joint, as well as deep to the joint and the sternum. No frank bony destruction was noted. Figure 1. T2 weighted images (transverse and coronal) show severe @entity4 involving the upper left chest wall, predominantly around the left sternoclavicular joint. @entity4 is present within the pectoralis major muscle superficial to the joint as well as the mediastinum deep to the joint and the sternum.

title: An uncommon cause of severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['left upper anterior chest pain', 'chest pain']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['Oedema', 'oedema']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['rigor or other symptoms of infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['subtle aching pain', 'pain', 'muscular pain']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion', 'skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['recent trauma']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['chest pain']


abstract: Although a single electrophoretically uniform antibody component with specificity for the group @entity1735 may comprise the bulk of the gamma-globulin in @entity95 immunized with streptococcal vaccines, this is not always the case. Not infrequently, electrophoresis may reveal multiple antibody components. Nevertheless, it has been feasible by various preparative procedures to isolate from a single antiserum at least two antibody components with similar reactivity for the @entity1735 both of which are electrophoretically monodisperse. Light chains from such antibodies reveal a restricted pattern when examined by disc electrophoresis. Antibodies to streptococcal @entity3363 have been examined for their individual antigenic specificity. @entity1237 were immunized with isolated Group C and Group A-variant antibodies raised in rabbits. Individual antigenic specificity of these antibodies was brought out by absorption of the goat anti-antiserum with Fr II of pooled normal @entity95 sera. Additional absorption of the goat anti-antisera with Fr II diminished but did not eliminate the reactivity for the homologous antibody. Immunoelectrophoretic studies with papain fragments of purified streptococcal antibodies localized the specificity to the Fab fragment. Specificity was not confined to the isolated light chains of the antibody.

title: The individual antigenic specificity of antibodies to streptococcal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity3363 :: (MESH:D002241,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrates']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review, full-body radiographical analysis of adult @entity1 with @entity893 ( @entity893 ). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the compensatory mechanisms involved in the sagittal plane of the body after progressive @entity893 and to study the impact of age on compensatory mechanism recruitment. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity1 with @entity893 recruit compensatory mechanisms to maintain erect posture and horizontal gaze. Mechanisms such as pelvic retroversion, knee flexion, and pelvic shift have been proposed, but how they contribute and how age affects their recruitment are poorly understood. METHODS: Retrospective review of adult @entity1 with @entity893 who underwent full-standing axis stereoradiography (EOS imaging). Radiographical measurements were performed with Surgimap. @entity1 were categorized on the basis of the mismatch between pelvic incidence (PI) and @entity1515 (PI-LL). Compensatory mechanisms were normalized to each @entity1 's PI-LL and compared by mismatch groups. In addition, @entity1 were subcategorized into 2 age groups (>= 65 and <65 yr) and compared within the same groups of mismatch. RESULTS: A total of 161 @entity1 with a mean age of 62.93    12.8 years. Mean sagittal vertical axis = 62.3    61.5 mm; pelvic tilt (PT) = 29.2      8.4  ; and PI-LL = 21.0      14.9  . Mismatch groups were as follows: group 1: PI-LL 0  -10  ; group 2: 10  -20  ; group 3: 20  -30  ; and group 4: >30  . There were significant differences between all groups with regard to @entity1513 ( @entity1513 ), PT, knee flexion angle, and pelvic shift by analysis of variance (P < 0.001). As PI-LL increased, @entity1513 and PT contribution to the compensation cascade decreased and knee flexion angle and pelvic shift contribution increased. @entity1 with PI-LL of more than 30   who were older had significantly less PT and more @entity1513 than @entity1 with similar PI-LL who were younger. CONCLUSION: Spinopelvic mismatch is an important driver in @entity893 . Pelvic retroversion and flattening of @entity1513 (reduction) become exhausted with increasing mismatch, at which point there seems to be a steady transfer of compensation toward significant participation of the lower limbs. Further analysis suggests differential recruitment of these compensatory mechanisms based upon age. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: Recruitment of compensatory mechanisms in XXXX is age and regional deformity dependent: a full-standing axis analysis of key radiographical parameters.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['TK', 'thoracic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['sagittal spinal malalignment', 'SSM', 'spinal sagittal malalignment']

answer: @entity893 :: (MESH:D017760,Disease) :: ['sagittal spinal malalignment']


abstract: The key enzyme in @entity4352 (LT) biosynthesis is @entity1437 (5-LO), which is expressed in myeloid cells and in B lymphocytes. There are three phosphorylation sites on 5-LO (Ser271, Ser523 and Ser663). Protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylates 5-LO on Ser523. In this report, we demonstrate by immunoblotting that native 5-LO in @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) cells (Granta519, JEKO1, and @entity48943 ) and in primary chronic @entity8624 cells (B-CLL) is phosphorylated on Ser523. In contrast, we could not detect phosphorylation of 5-LO on Ser523 in @entity1 granulocytes or monocytes. Phosphorylated 5-LO was purified from @entity48943 cells, using an @entity855 -agarose column, and the partially purified enzyme could be dephosphorylated with alkaline phosphatase. Incubation of @entity48943 cells with @entity7410 or @entity1421 stimulated phosphorylation at Ser523. Furthermore, FLAG-5LO was expressed in @entity48943 cells, and the cells were cultivated in the presence of @entity7410 . The 5-LO protein from these cells was immunoprecipitated, first with anti-FLAG, followed by anti-pSer523-5-LO. The presence of 5-LO protein in the final precipitate further supported the finding that the protein recognized by the pSer523 antibody was 5-LO. Taken together, this study shows that 5-LO in B cells is phosphorylated on Ser523 and demonstrates for the first time a chemical difference between 5-LO in myeloid cells and B cells.

title: Phosphorylation of serine 523 on XXXX in @entity1 B lymphocytes.

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity4352 :: ('CHEBI:25029', 'Chemical') :: ['leukotriene']

entities_list: @entity8624 :: ('MESH:D015448', 'Disease') :: ['B lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['MCL', 'mantle B cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity1437 :: (240,Gene) :: ['5-lipoxygenase']


abstract: The key enzyme in @entity4352 (LT) biosynthesis is @entity1437 (5-LO), which is expressed in myeloid cells and in B lymphocytes. There are three phosphorylation sites on 5-LO (Ser271, Ser523 and Ser663). Protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylates 5-LO on Ser523. In this report, we demonstrate by immunoblotting that native 5-LO in @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) cells (Granta519, JEKO1, and @entity48943 ) and in primary chronic @entity8624 cells (B-CLL) is phosphorylated on Ser523. In contrast, we could not detect phosphorylation of 5-LO on Ser523 in @entity1 granulocytes or monocytes. Phosphorylated 5-LO was purified from @entity48943 cells, using an @entity855 -agarose column, and the partially purified enzyme could be dephosphorylated with alkaline phosphatase. Incubation of @entity48943 cells with @entity7410 or @entity1421 stimulated phosphorylation at Ser523. Furthermore, FLAG-5LO was expressed in @entity48943 cells, and the cells were cultivated in the presence of @entity7410 . The 5-LO protein from these cells was immunoprecipitated, first with anti-FLAG, followed by anti-pSer523-5-LO. The presence of 5-LO protein in the final precipitate further supported the finding that the protein recognized by the pSer523 antibody was 5-LO. Taken together, this study shows that 5-LO in B cells is phosphorylated on Ser523 and demonstrates for the first time a chemical difference between 5-LO in myeloid cells and B cells.

title: Phosphorylation of serine 523 on @entity1437 in XXXX B lymphocytes.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3652 is a dissociative agent often used in pediatric emergency departments for procedural sedation. Institutions commonly use either 1.5 mg/kg ( @entity8844 ) or 1 mg/kg ( @entity7434 ) as intravenous dosing. We sought to determine whether @entity1 receiving @entity7434 require more administered doses during sedation than @entity1 receiving @entity8844 . Furthermore, we examined whether differences existed between @entity7434 and @entity8844 in the total dosage, total mg/kg, and time to recovery. @entity1 AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review examining procedural sedations from July 2010 through December 2011 was performed for sedations using @entity7434 or @entity8844 . Cohorts were compared on the basis of the number of doses, mg/kg administered, total dosage (mg), and adverse events. RESULTS: A total of 346 @entity1 were included, with 159 @entity1 in @entity7434 and 187 @entity1 in @entity8844 . No significant differences in demographics were observed between @entity7434 and @entity8844 . @entity1 in @entity8844 required fewer median doses of @entity3652 compared with @entity7434 (1.0 vs. 2.0, P=0.02). @entity7434 had a higher median overall mg/kg dosage (1.71 mg/kg) than @entity8844 (1.60 mg/kg) (P<0.01). @entity8844 showed a decrease in the number of sedations requiring a third dose of @entity3652 to complete sedation as compared with @entity7434 (7.57 vs. 18.47%, P=0.002). No significant difference in adverse events was found between @entity7434 and @entity8844 . CONCLUSION: Sedations using @entity8844 require fewer doses, lower mg/kg administered, but a higher total dose than @entity7434 . No difference was found in the rate of adverse events between the groups. Our findings suggest that @entity3652 sedations can be completed safely with one dose when @entity1 are initially dosed at 1.5 mg/kg.

title: A retrospective comparison of XXXX dosing regimens for pediatric procedural sedation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine', 'Ketamine']

answer: @entity3652 :: (MESH:D007649,Chemical) :: ['ketamine']


abstract: AIM: @entity6926 ( @entity6926 ) is an @entity74 in which fragile bones readily cause @entity174 . @entity384 , @entity337 and @entity3454 are uncommon cardiovascular manifestations of @entity6926 . Cardiac surgery in these @entity1 carries a high risk of complications due to increased tissue and @entity2100 . We describe an open heart surgery in a @entity1 with isolated @entity337 secondary to @entity6926 . MATERIAL OF STUDY: A 58-year-old @entity1 was referred to our hospital for surgical correction of @entity337 . She had a past history of recurrent @entity174 , and @entity6926 was diagnosed in the childhood. A standard median sternotomy was performed; the sternum was found to be thin and brittle. The native aortic valve was replaced with a size 23 mm stented aortic bioprosthesis. The sternum was closed with stainless steel wires. RESULTS: The postoperative course was uneventful, and the @entity1 was discharged home on the eighth postoperative day. We used thoracic band to avoid sternal diastasis. One year postoperatively, the echocardiogram showed a normal aortic bioprosthesis function without @entity2680 . The sternum was stable without dehiscence. DISCUSSION: The mortality rate in cardiac surgery @entity1 with heritable generalized connective tissue disorders, such as @entity6926 , is high. Although tissue friability had no impact on surgical outcome, it should be kept in mind when operating on @entity1 with @entity6926 . CONCLUSIONS: We highlight the importance of a meticulous surgical technique, together with a strategy for management of anticipated perioperative complications to ensure a successful outcome. KEY WORDS: Aortic valve, Endocardirtis, Mitral valve, Replacement.

title: Aortic valve replacement in a XXXX with ostegenesis imperfecta A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2680 :: ('MESH:D003763', 'Disease') :: ['paravalvular leakage']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'long bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic root dilatation']

entities_list: @entity3454 :: ('MESH:D008945', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve prolapse']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['capillary fragility']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited connective tissue disorder']

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['OI', 'osteogenesis imperfecta', 'Osteogenesis imperfecta']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the 6-month effects of the recommended drug and light dosage in focal vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) using TOOKAD(  ) Soluble in @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ). METHODS: We performed a pooled analysis of 117 @entity1 with @entity263 , PSA <10  ng/mL, and Gleason score  <=7 (3  +  4), from 3 studies who received a 10-min intravenous infusion of a single dose of 4  mg/kg TOOKAD(  ) Soluble, activated by a 753-nm light at 200  J/cm delivered in the prostate by transperineal fibres under transrectal ultrasound guidance. Primary endpoint was 6-month negative biopsies in the treated lobe(s). PSA was measured at month 1, 3, and 6. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at day 7, month 3, and 6. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) and adverse events were reported at day 7, month 1, 3, and 6. RESULTS: Month 6 negative biopsy rate was 68.4  % in the overall evaluable population (N  =  114) and 80.6  % for @entity1 treated by hemiablation with light density index (LDI)  >=   1 (N  =  67). Mean prostate necroses at week-1 were 76.5 and 86.3  %, respectively. In both groups, PSA levels at month 6 decreased by 2.0  ng/mL. Small changes from baseline for IPSS and IIEF-5 indicated a slight improvement in urinary function and a slight deterioration in sexual function. CONCLUSIONS: Focal VTP treatment with TOOKAD(  ) Soluble at 4  mg/kg and 200  J/cm resulted in a negative 6-month biopsy rate of 68.4  % for the whole population and 80.6  % for @entity1 treated by hemiablation with LDI  >=   1. The treatment was well tolerated. Two phase III studies will reach completion in early 2015.

title: TOOKAD(  ) Soluble focal therapy: pooled analysis of three phase II studies assessing the minimally invasive ablation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'LPCa']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['localized prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Bacterial biofilms developing in the bronchial tree of @entity1 experiencing acute exacerbations of chronic @entity3617 (AECBs) are suggested to cause relapses and recurrences of the disease because the matrix barrier impairs antibiotic access to the offending organisms. We examined whether bronchodilators could modulate pneumococcal biofilm development and antibiotic action using an in vitro model. METHODS: @entity328 strains from @entity1 hospitalized for AECBs and two reference strains (ATCC 49619 and R6) were screened for biofilm formation (multi-well plates; 2-11 days of growth). @entity13265 and @entity3045 (alone or in combination) were added at concentrations of 1.45 and 7.25 mg/L, respectively (mimicking those in the bronchial tree), and their effects were measured on biofilm formation and modulation of the activity of antibiotics [full antibiotic concentration-dependent effects (pharmacodynamic model)] with a focus on @entity3477 and @entity71543 . Bacterial viability and biomass were measured by the reduction of @entity30367 and crystal violet staining, respectively. Release of @entity3167 (from biofilm) and @entity689 activity were measured using enzymatic and HPLC-MS detection of @entity3167 . RESULTS: All clinical isolates produced biofilms, but with fast disassembly if from @entity1 who had received muscarinic antagonists. @entity13265 caused: (i) reduced biomass formation and faster biofilm disassembly with free @entity3167 release; and (ii) a marked improvement of antibiotic activity (bacterial killing and biomass reduction). @entity3045 stimulated @entity689 activity associated with improved antibiotic killing activity (reversed by @entity685 ) but modest biomass reduction. CONCLUSIONS: @entity13265 and, to a lesser extent, @entity3045 may cooperate with antibiotics for bacterial clearance and disassembly of pneumococcal biofilms.

title: Modulation of the activity of @entity3477 and XXXX in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model of @entity328 naive and induced biofilms.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity689 :: ('4758', 'Gene') :: ['neuraminidase']

entities_list: @entity3167 :: ('MESH:D019158', 'Chemical') :: ['sialic acid']

entities_list: @entity3477 :: ('MESH:C104727', 'Chemical') :: ['moxifloxacin']

entities_list: @entity685 :: ('MESH:D053243', 'Chemical') :: ['zanamivir']

entities_list: @entity13265 :: ('MESH:D009241', 'Chemical') :: ['Ipratropium']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol', 'Salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity30367 :: ('MESH:C005843', 'Chemical') :: ['resazurin']

entities_list: @entity71543 :: ('MESH:C547755', 'Chemical') :: ['solithromycin']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity71543 :: (MESH:C547755,Chemical) :: ['solithromycin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Bacterial biofilms developing in the bronchial tree of @entity1 experiencing acute exacerbations of chronic @entity3617 (AECBs) are suggested to cause relapses and recurrences of the disease because the matrix barrier impairs antibiotic access to the offending organisms. We examined whether bronchodilators could modulate pneumococcal biofilm development and antibiotic action using an in vitro model. METHODS: @entity328 strains from @entity1 hospitalized for AECBs and two reference strains (ATCC 49619 and R6) were screened for biofilm formation (multi-well plates; 2-11 days of growth). @entity13265 and @entity3045 (alone or in combination) were added at concentrations of 1.45 and 7.25 mg/L, respectively (mimicking those in the bronchial tree), and their effects were measured on biofilm formation and modulation of the activity of antibiotics [full antibiotic concentration-dependent effects (pharmacodynamic model)] with a focus on @entity3477 and @entity71543 . Bacterial viability and biomass were measured by the reduction of @entity30367 and crystal violet staining, respectively. Release of @entity3167 (from biofilm) and @entity689 activity were measured using enzymatic and HPLC-MS detection of @entity3167 . RESULTS: All clinical isolates produced biofilms, but with fast disassembly if from @entity1 who had received muscarinic antagonists. @entity13265 caused: (i) reduced biomass formation and faster biofilm disassembly with free @entity3167 release; and (ii) a marked improvement of antibiotic activity (bacterial killing and biomass reduction). @entity3045 stimulated @entity689 activity associated with improved antibiotic killing activity (reversed by @entity685 ) but modest biomass reduction. CONCLUSIONS: @entity13265 and, to a lesser extent, @entity3045 may cooperate with antibiotics for bacterial clearance and disassembly of pneumococcal biofilms.

title: Modulation of the activity of XXXX and @entity71543 in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model of @entity328 naive and induced biofilms.

answer: @entity3477 :: (MESH:C104727,Chemical) :: ['moxifloxacin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Bacterial biofilms developing in the bronchial tree of @entity1 experiencing acute exacerbations of chronic @entity3617 (AECBs) are suggested to cause relapses and recurrences of the disease because the matrix barrier impairs antibiotic access to the offending organisms. We examined whether bronchodilators could modulate pneumococcal biofilm development and antibiotic action using an in vitro model. METHODS: @entity328 strains from @entity1 hospitalized for AECBs and two reference strains (ATCC 49619 and R6) were screened for biofilm formation (multi-well plates; 2-11 days of growth). @entity13265 and @entity3045 (alone or in combination) were added at concentrations of 1.45 and 7.25 mg/L, respectively (mimicking those in the bronchial tree), and their effects were measured on biofilm formation and modulation of the activity of antibiotics [full antibiotic concentration-dependent effects (pharmacodynamic model)] with a focus on @entity3477 and @entity71543 . Bacterial viability and biomass were measured by the reduction of @entity30367 and crystal violet staining, respectively. Release of @entity3167 (from biofilm) and @entity689 activity were measured using enzymatic and HPLC-MS detection of @entity3167 . RESULTS: All clinical isolates produced biofilms, but with fast disassembly if from @entity1 who had received muscarinic antagonists. @entity13265 caused: (i) reduced biomass formation and faster biofilm disassembly with free @entity3167 release; and (ii) a marked improvement of antibiotic activity (bacterial killing and biomass reduction). @entity3045 stimulated @entity689 activity associated with improved antibiotic killing activity (reversed by @entity685 ) but modest biomass reduction. CONCLUSIONS: @entity13265 and, to a lesser extent, @entity3045 may cooperate with antibiotics for bacterial clearance and disassembly of pneumococcal biofilms.

title: Modulation of the activity of @entity3477 and @entity71543 in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model of XXXX naive and induced biofilms.

answer: @entity328 :: (1313,Species) :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early @entity5 shrinkage (ETS) and depth of response (DoR) predict @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in first-line trials of chemotherapy    anti- @entity470 monoclonal antibodies in metastatic @entity14 (mCRC). These associations and the predictive accuracy of response measurements for survival parameters were investigated in the phase III TRIBE trial of FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab ( @entity1493 ) versus FOLFIRI plus @entity1493 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A landmark approach was adopted to define the assessable population. The distribution of RECIST response rate, ETS and DoR was compared in the two arms. Associations between response measurements and progression-free survival (PFS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity1349 were tested by univariate and multivariate Cox models. Prediction performance of each factor was estimated by C-index. RESULTS: A significantly higher percentage of @entity1 in the FOLFOXIRI plus @entity1493 arm achieved ETS >= 20%, when compared with the control arm (62.7% versus 51.9%, P = 0.025). Also the DoR was significantly higher in the triplet plus @entity1493 arm (43.4% versus 37.8%, P = 0.003). Both ETS and DoR were associated with PFS, @entity1349 and @entity1349 at the univariate analyses and in the multivariate models stratified for other prognostic variables. Both ETS and DoR were able to predict survival as accurately as RECIST response. CONCLUSION: FOLFOXIRI plus @entity1493 improves ETS and DoR when compared with FOLFIRI plus @entity1493 . Achieving rapid and deep @entity5 shrinkage consistently delays @entity5 progression and prolongs survival in @entity1 treated with first-line chemotherapy plus @entity1493 . ETS is a promising and valuable end point for clinical trials' design deserving further investigation.

title: Early @entity5 shrinkage and depth of response predict long-term outcome in metastatic XXXX @entity1 treated with first-line chemotherapy plus bevacizumab: results from phase III TRIBE trial by the Gruppo Oncologico del Nord Ovest.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'PPS', 'post-progression survival', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early @entity5 shrinkage (ETS) and depth of response (DoR) predict @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in first-line trials of chemotherapy    anti- @entity470 monoclonal antibodies in metastatic @entity14 (mCRC). These associations and the predictive accuracy of response measurements for survival parameters were investigated in the phase III TRIBE trial of FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab ( @entity1493 ) versus FOLFIRI plus @entity1493 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A landmark approach was adopted to define the assessable population. The distribution of RECIST response rate, ETS and DoR was compared in the two arms. Associations between response measurements and progression-free survival (PFS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity1349 were tested by univariate and multivariate Cox models. Prediction performance of each factor was estimated by C-index. RESULTS: A significantly higher percentage of @entity1 in the FOLFOXIRI plus @entity1493 arm achieved ETS >= 20%, when compared with the control arm (62.7% versus 51.9%, P = 0.025). Also the DoR was significantly higher in the triplet plus @entity1493 arm (43.4% versus 37.8%, P = 0.003). Both ETS and DoR were associated with PFS, @entity1349 and @entity1349 at the univariate analyses and in the multivariate models stratified for other prognostic variables. Both ETS and DoR were able to predict survival as accurately as RECIST response. CONCLUSION: FOLFOXIRI plus @entity1493 improves ETS and DoR when compared with FOLFIRI plus @entity1493 . Achieving rapid and deep @entity5 shrinkage consistently delays @entity5 progression and prolongs survival in @entity1 treated with first-line chemotherapy plus @entity1493 . ETS is a promising and valuable end point for clinical trials' design deserving further investigation.

title: Early XXXX shrinkage and depth of response predict long-term outcome in metastatic @entity14 @entity1 treated with first-line chemotherapy plus bevacizumab: results from phase III TRIBE trial by the Gruppo Oncologico del Nord Ovest.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early @entity5 shrinkage (ETS) and depth of response (DoR) predict @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in first-line trials of chemotherapy    anti- @entity470 monoclonal antibodies in metastatic @entity14 (mCRC). These associations and the predictive accuracy of response measurements for survival parameters were investigated in the phase III TRIBE trial of FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab ( @entity1493 ) versus FOLFIRI plus @entity1493 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A landmark approach was adopted to define the assessable population. The distribution of RECIST response rate, ETS and DoR was compared in the two arms. Associations between response measurements and progression-free survival (PFS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity1349 were tested by univariate and multivariate Cox models. Prediction performance of each factor was estimated by C-index. RESULTS: A significantly higher percentage of @entity1 in the FOLFOXIRI plus @entity1493 arm achieved ETS >= 20%, when compared with the control arm (62.7% versus 51.9%, P = 0.025). Also the DoR was significantly higher in the triplet plus @entity1493 arm (43.4% versus 37.8%, P = 0.003). Both ETS and DoR were associated with PFS, @entity1349 and @entity1349 at the univariate analyses and in the multivariate models stratified for other prognostic variables. Both ETS and DoR were able to predict survival as accurately as RECIST response. CONCLUSION: FOLFOXIRI plus @entity1493 improves ETS and DoR when compared with FOLFIRI plus @entity1493 . Achieving rapid and deep @entity5 shrinkage consistently delays @entity5 progression and prolongs survival in @entity1 treated with first-line chemotherapy plus @entity1493 . ETS is a promising and valuable end point for clinical trials' design deserving further investigation.

title: Early @entity5 shrinkage and depth of response predict long-term outcome in metastatic @entity14 XXXX treated with first-line chemotherapy plus bevacizumab: results from phase III TRIBE trial by the Gruppo Oncologico del Nord Ovest.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3918 type 1 is the most common form of adult @entity3986 and has the world's highest prevalence in the Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean region, due to a founder effect. This @entity74 results from an unstable CTG repeat expansion in @entity6045 . This region of Canada has had a family screening and predictive testing program for this disorder since 1988. Heterozygotes for small expansions (50-100 CTG repeats) can be asymptomatic or minimally affected. The aim of this study was to assess anticipation for these individuals. At the time of this study, the molecular data of 40 individuals and their 76 affected @entity1 were available. We compared 76 parent- @entity1 pairs. Most offspring (92.1%) had a larger number of repeats than their parent and the median number of repeats in the offspring was 325 (range, 57-2000). The number of CTG repeats was significantly greater when the mutation was transmitted by a father (median, 425 repeats; range, 70-2000), than when it was transmitted by a mother (median, 200 repeats; range, 57-1400). The majority (65.8%) of @entity1 also had a more severe phenotype than their parent but the sex of the parent had no significant influence on the severity of the @entity1 's phenotype. No congenital phenotype was observed. These results confirm that anticipation is present even when the parent is heterozygous for a small CTG expansion. The parental sex has an impact on the size of the repeat in the next generation, larger increases being transmitted by males with a small expansion.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Anticipation in XXXX type 1 parents with small CTG expansions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['muscular dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disorder']

entities_list: @entity3918 :: ('MESH:D009223', 'Disease') :: ['Myotonic dystrophy']

answer: @entity3918 :: (MESH:D009223,Disease) :: ['myotonic dystrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1545 ( @entity1545 ) is a major cause of amputation. A clear understanding of prognostic factors for amputation is important to inform surgical decision-making, @entity1 counselling and risk stratification. The aim was to develop an understanding of prognostic factors for amputation following surgical repair of @entity1545 . METHODS: A systematic review was conducted to identify potential prognostic factors. Bayesian meta-analysis was used to calculate an absolute (pooled proportion) and relative (pooled odds ratio, OR) measure of the amputation risk for each factor. RESULTS: Forty-five studies, totalling 3187 discrete @entity1545 repairs, were included. The overall amputation rate was 10  0 (95 per cent credible interval 7  4 to 13  1) per cent. Significant prognostic factors for secondary amputation included: associated major soft tissue injury (26 versus 8 per cent for no soft tissue injury; OR 5  80), @entity2054 (28 versus 6 per cent; OR 5  11), multiple @entity1317 (18 versus 9 per cent; OR 4  85), duration of ischaemia exceeding 6   h (24 versus 5 per cent; OR 4  40), associated @entity174 (14 versus 2 per cent; OR 4  30), mechanism of injury (blast 19 per cent, blunt 16 per cent, penetrating 5 per cent), anatomical site of injury (iliac 18 per cent, popliteal 14 per cent, tibial 10 per cent, femoral 4 per cent), age over 55   years (16 versus 9 per cent; OR 3  03) and sex ( @entity1 7 per cent versus @entity1 8 per cent; OR 0  64). Shock and nerve or @entity1317 were not significant prognostic factors for secondary amputation. CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of @entity1 who undergo lower extremity vascular @entity130 repair will require secondary amputation. This meta-analysis describes significant prognostic factors needed to inform surgical judgement, risk assessment and @entity1 counselling.

title: Meta-analysis of prognostic factors for amputation following surgical repair of lower extremity vascular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['Lower extremity vascular trauma', 'LEVT']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity2054 :: ('MESH:D003161', 'Disease') :: ['compartment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['venous injuries', 'arterial injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and brain volumetry allow for the quantification of changes in brain volume using automatic algorithms which are widely used in both, clinical and scientific studies. However, studies comparing the reliability of these programmes are scarce and mainly involved MRI derived from younger healthy controls. This study evaluates the reliability of frequently used @entity1347 ( @entity1347 , FreeSurfer, FSL) using a realistic digital brain phantom and MRI brain acquisitions from @entity1 with manifest @entity195 ( @entity195 , n=34), @entity73 ( @entity73 , n=60), and healthy subjects (n=32) matched for age and sex. Analysis of the brain phantom dataset demonstrated that @entity1347 , FSL and FreeSurfer underestimate grey matter and overestimate white matter volumes with increasing noise. FreeSurfer calculated overall smaller brain volumes with increasing noise. Image inhomogeneity had only minor, non- significant effects on the results obtained with @entity1347 and FreeSurfer 5.1, but had effects on the FSL results (increased white matter volumes with decreased grey matter volumes). The analysis of the @entity1 data yielded decreasing volumes of grey and white matter with progression of @entity1010 independent of the method used. FreeSurfer calculated the largest grey matter and the smallest white matter volumes. FSL calculated the smallest grey matter volumes; @entity1347 the largest white matter volumes. Best results are obtained with good image quality. With poor image quality, especially noise, @entity1347 provides the best segmentation results. An optimised template for segmentation had no significant effect on segmentation results. While our findings underline the applicability of the programmes investigated, @entity1347 may be the programme of choice when MRIs with limited image quality or brain images of elderly should be analysed.

title: Comparison of automated brain segmentation using a brain phantom and @entity1 with early @entity195 or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['segmentation programmes', 'SPM']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['MCI', 'mild cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['mild cognitive impairment']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and brain volumetry allow for the quantification of changes in brain volume using automatic algorithms which are widely used in both, clinical and scientific studies. However, studies comparing the reliability of these programmes are scarce and mainly involved MRI derived from younger healthy controls. This study evaluates the reliability of frequently used @entity1347 ( @entity1347 , FreeSurfer, FSL) using a realistic digital brain phantom and MRI brain acquisitions from @entity1 with manifest @entity195 ( @entity195 , n=34), @entity73 ( @entity73 , n=60), and healthy subjects (n=32) matched for age and sex. Analysis of the brain phantom dataset demonstrated that @entity1347 , FSL and FreeSurfer underestimate grey matter and overestimate white matter volumes with increasing noise. FreeSurfer calculated overall smaller brain volumes with increasing noise. Image inhomogeneity had only minor, non- significant effects on the results obtained with @entity1347 and FreeSurfer 5.1, but had effects on the FSL results (increased white matter volumes with decreased grey matter volumes). The analysis of the @entity1 data yielded decreasing volumes of grey and white matter with progression of @entity1010 independent of the method used. FreeSurfer calculated the largest grey matter and the smallest white matter volumes. FSL calculated the smallest grey matter volumes; @entity1347 the largest white matter volumes. Best results are obtained with good image quality. With poor image quality, especially noise, @entity1347 provides the best segmentation results. An optimised template for segmentation had no significant effect on segmentation results. While our findings underline the applicability of the programmes investigated, @entity1347 may be the programme of choice when MRIs with limited image quality or brain images of elderly should be analysed.

title: Comparison of automated brain segmentation using a brain phantom and @entity1 with early XXXX or @entity73 .

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's dementia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and brain volumetry allow for the quantification of changes in brain volume using automatic algorithms which are widely used in both, clinical and scientific studies. However, studies comparing the reliability of these programmes are scarce and mainly involved MRI derived from younger healthy controls. This study evaluates the reliability of frequently used @entity1347 ( @entity1347 , FreeSurfer, FSL) using a realistic digital brain phantom and MRI brain acquisitions from @entity1 with manifest @entity195 ( @entity195 , n=34), @entity73 ( @entity73 , n=60), and healthy subjects (n=32) matched for age and sex. Analysis of the brain phantom dataset demonstrated that @entity1347 , FSL and FreeSurfer underestimate grey matter and overestimate white matter volumes with increasing noise. FreeSurfer calculated overall smaller brain volumes with increasing noise. Image inhomogeneity had only minor, non- significant effects on the results obtained with @entity1347 and FreeSurfer 5.1, but had effects on the FSL results (increased white matter volumes with decreased grey matter volumes). The analysis of the @entity1 data yielded decreasing volumes of grey and white matter with progression of @entity1010 independent of the method used. FreeSurfer calculated the largest grey matter and the smallest white matter volumes. FSL calculated the smallest grey matter volumes; @entity1347 the largest white matter volumes. Best results are obtained with good image quality. With poor image quality, especially noise, @entity1347 provides the best segmentation results. An optimised template for segmentation had no significant effect on segmentation results. While our findings underline the applicability of the programmes investigated, @entity1347 may be the programme of choice when MRIs with limited image quality or brain images of elderly should be analysed.

title: Comparison of automated brain segmentation using a brain phantom and XXXX with early @entity195 or @entity73 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors on initial surgery in @entity30 . METHODS: The clinical data of 173 @entity1 with @entity30 who were treated during 2010 and 2014 years in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, were analyzed retrospectively. The @entity1 who had received intestinal resection or whose initial symptoms occurred at least 5 years at the end of the follow-up were recruited. Montreal classification was used to evaluate lesion location and disease behavior. The risk factors of the initial surgery were analyzed by using Logistic regression model. RESULTS: Eighty-five @entity1 (49.1%) received intestinal resection in 5 years after the onset of symptoms. The result of univariate analysis showed that the probability of surgical treatment is high in @entity1 who were male and those older than 40 years at diagnosis(P<0.05). Lesions involving upper digestive tract, @entity850 and penetrating lesions were also the risk factors on initial surgery in @entity30 (P<0.05). The result of multivariate analysis showed the relative risk of initial surgery was increased in male gender(OR=2.02, 95%CI:1.04-3.92) and in those who were older than 40 years at diagnosis(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.05-5.22). However, in @entity1 with @entity30 involving colon alone, the relative risk of initial surgery was decreased(OR=0.35, 95%CI:0.13-0.97). CONCLUSION: @entity490 is the most common clinical presentation in @entity30 . Disease behavior and operation is closely related. Older than 40 years at diagnosis and male gender is high risk factor for surgery while colonic lesion alone is protective factor.

title: [Clinical presentation and risk factors for surgery in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal pain']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased risk of @entity1892 in @entity1 with @entity792 is well known. Medical literature also links various autoimmune conditions with @entity784 ( @entity784 ), a rarer but very heterogeneous group of generally aggressive @entity5 . METHODS: Herein, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the available peer-reviewed literature on epidemiology, clinico-laboratory features and management of @entity792 in @entity1 with @entity41025 . Most relevant publications were identified through searching the PubMed/Medline database for articles published from inception to June 2014. FINDINGS: Prevalence of various hematologic and non-hematologic autoimmune conditions in @entity1 with @entity41025 appears to be increased. Due to the rarity of @entity41025 , scientific literature on autoimmune conditions in these @entity1 consists mainly of case series and isolated reports. CONCLUSIONS: @entity792 can develop prior to, during or after the onset of @entity41025 . The diagnosis of @entity41025 should prompt early recognition of certain @entity792 if clinical suspicion exists. A dysfunctional immune response in these @entity1 may be responsible for the occurrence of @entity792 . Conversely, autoimmune conditions might create a favorable milieu for @entity784 pathogenesis. Therefore, their presence should increase the suspicion of @entity41025 in an appropriate clinico-laboratory context. There is need for larger studies to assess further the @entity41025 - @entity792 relationship as prognosis and management of these @entity1 can be considerably affected.

title: @entity792 in @entity1 with XXXX : a comprehensive review.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphomas', 'TCLs', 'T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity', 'autoimmune disorders', 'Autoimmune disorders', 'autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity784 :: (MESH:D016399,Disease) :: ['T-cell lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased risk of @entity1892 in @entity1 with @entity792 is well known. Medical literature also links various autoimmune conditions with @entity784 ( @entity784 ), a rarer but very heterogeneous group of generally aggressive @entity5 . METHODS: Herein, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the available peer-reviewed literature on epidemiology, clinico-laboratory features and management of @entity792 in @entity1 with @entity41025 . Most relevant publications were identified through searching the PubMed/Medline database for articles published from inception to June 2014. FINDINGS: Prevalence of various hematologic and non-hematologic autoimmune conditions in @entity1 with @entity41025 appears to be increased. Due to the rarity of @entity41025 , scientific literature on autoimmune conditions in these @entity1 consists mainly of case series and isolated reports. CONCLUSIONS: @entity792 can develop prior to, during or after the onset of @entity41025 . The diagnosis of @entity41025 should prompt early recognition of certain @entity792 if clinical suspicion exists. A dysfunctional immune response in these @entity1 may be responsible for the occurrence of @entity792 . Conversely, autoimmune conditions might create a favorable milieu for @entity784 pathogenesis. Therefore, their presence should increase the suspicion of @entity41025 in an appropriate clinico-laboratory context. There is need for larger studies to assess further the @entity41025 - @entity792 relationship as prognosis and management of these @entity1 can be considerably affected.

title: XXXX in @entity1 with @entity784 : a comprehensive review.

answer: @entity792 :: (MESH:D001327,Disease) :: ['Autoimmune disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased risk of @entity1892 in @entity1 with @entity792 is well known. Medical literature also links various autoimmune conditions with @entity784 ( @entity784 ), a rarer but very heterogeneous group of generally aggressive @entity5 . METHODS: Herein, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the available peer-reviewed literature on epidemiology, clinico-laboratory features and management of @entity792 in @entity1 with @entity41025 . Most relevant publications were identified through searching the PubMed/Medline database for articles published from inception to June 2014. FINDINGS: Prevalence of various hematologic and non-hematologic autoimmune conditions in @entity1 with @entity41025 appears to be increased. Due to the rarity of @entity41025 , scientific literature on autoimmune conditions in these @entity1 consists mainly of case series and isolated reports. CONCLUSIONS: @entity792 can develop prior to, during or after the onset of @entity41025 . The diagnosis of @entity41025 should prompt early recognition of certain @entity792 if clinical suspicion exists. A dysfunctional immune response in these @entity1 may be responsible for the occurrence of @entity792 . Conversely, autoimmune conditions might create a favorable milieu for @entity784 pathogenesis. Therefore, their presence should increase the suspicion of @entity41025 in an appropriate clinico-laboratory context. There is need for larger studies to assess further the @entity41025 - @entity792 relationship as prognosis and management of these @entity1 can be considerably affected.

title: @entity792 in XXXX with @entity784 : a comprehensive review.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study was conducted to calculate the peripheral dose to critical structures and assess the radiation risks from modern radiotherapy for stage IIA/IIB @entity4797 . A Monte Carlo code was used for treatment simulation on a computational phantom representing an average adult. The initial treatment phase involved anteroposterior and posteroanaterior modified @entity235 -leg fields exposing para-aortic and ipsilateral iliac lymph nodes followed by a cone-down phase for nodal mass irradiation. Peripheral doses were calculated using different modified @entity235 -leg field dimensions and an extended conventional @entity235 -leg portal. The risk models of the BEIR-VII report and ICRP-103 were combined with dosimetric calculations to estimate the probability of developing stochastic effects. Radiotherapy for @entity5 with a target dose of 30   Gy resulted in a range of 23.0-603.7   mGy to non-targeted peripheral tissues and organs. The corresponding range for treatment of stage IIB disease to a cumulative dose of 36   Gy was 24.2-633.9   mGy. A dose variation of less than 13% was found by altering the field dimensions. Radiotherapy with the conventional instead of the modern modified @entity235 -leg field increased the peripheral dose up to 8.2 times. The calculated heart doses of 589.0-632.9   mGy may increase the risk for developing @entity65 whereas the testicular dose of more than 231.9   mGy may lead to a temporary @entity249 . The probability of @entity600 in the offspring of @entity5 survivors was below 0.13% which is much lower than the spontaneous mutation rate. Abdominoplevic irradiation may increase the lifetime intrinsic risk for the induction of secondary @entity5 by 0.6-3.9% depending upon the site of interest, @entity1 's age and @entity5 dose. Radiotherapy for @entity5 with restricted fields and low doses is associated with an increased morbidity. These data may allow the definition of a risk-adapted follow-up scheme for long-term testicular @entity5 survivors.

title: Radiation therapy for stage IIA and IIB XXXX : peripheral dose calculations and risk assessments.

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage IIA/IIB seminoma', 'cancer', 'stage IIA seminoma', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['birth abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['testicular seminoma']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['testicular seminoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The risk of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) in @entity1 with @entity5 is several-fold higher than that in individuals without @entity5 . Recent studies demonstrated a high incidence of @entity1211 in @entity1 with @entity1583 as well as in @entity1 with solid @entity5 . The reported incidence of @entity1211 in @entity706 is variable, ranging from less than 5% to 59.5%. The incidence of @entity1211 is higher in @entity1893 than it is in @entity978 . The incidence of @entity1211 also varies according to the disease grade, the disease stage, the performance status of the @entity1 , and the site of disease. Most @entity1211 cases occur at the diagnosis of @entity5 or early in the course of @entity5 treatment. An elevated incidence of @entity1211 is also reported in cases of @entity1582 . @entity1211 occurs in approximately 5% of @entity1582 @entity1 treated with conventional chemotherapy, and treatment of @entity1582 @entity1 with immunomodulatory drugs (IMid)-based therapy increases the risk of @entity1211 . Prophylactic @entity117 or anticoagulant is used in @entity1582 @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy. Several reports have indicated that the incidence of @entity1211 is relatively low in Asian @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy, and concomitant use of @entity1749 reduces the risk of @entity1211 . The incidence of @entity715 is also increased in @entity1 with @entity1582 and @entity1581 of undetermined significance. Further studies are needed to develop a predictive model for identifying @entity1 with @entity706 and @entity1582 who are at high risk for developing @entity715 .

title: XXXX in @entity706 @entity1 and in @entity1582 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1581 :: ('MESH:D010265', 'Disease') :: ['monoclonal gammopathy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1749 :: ('MESH:C400082', 'Chemical') :: ['bortezomib']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['arterial thrombosis', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Thrombosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The risk of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) in @entity1 with @entity5 is several-fold higher than that in individuals without @entity5 . Recent studies demonstrated a high incidence of @entity1211 in @entity1 with @entity1583 as well as in @entity1 with solid @entity5 . The reported incidence of @entity1211 in @entity706 is variable, ranging from less than 5% to 59.5%. The incidence of @entity1211 is higher in @entity1893 than it is in @entity978 . The incidence of @entity1211 also varies according to the disease grade, the disease stage, the performance status of the @entity1 , and the site of disease. Most @entity1211 cases occur at the diagnosis of @entity5 or early in the course of @entity5 treatment. An elevated incidence of @entity1211 is also reported in cases of @entity1582 . @entity1211 occurs in approximately 5% of @entity1582 @entity1 treated with conventional chemotherapy, and treatment of @entity1582 @entity1 with immunomodulatory drugs (IMid)-based therapy increases the risk of @entity1211 . Prophylactic @entity117 or anticoagulant is used in @entity1582 @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy. Several reports have indicated that the incidence of @entity1211 is relatively low in Asian @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy, and concomitant use of @entity1749 reduces the risk of @entity1211 . The incidence of @entity715 is also increased in @entity1 with @entity1582 and @entity1581 of undetermined significance. Further studies are needed to develop a predictive model for identifying @entity1 with @entity706 and @entity1582 who are at high risk for developing @entity715 .

title: @entity715 in XXXX @entity1 and in @entity1582 @entity1 .

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['Lymphoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The risk of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) in @entity1 with @entity5 is several-fold higher than that in individuals without @entity5 . Recent studies demonstrated a high incidence of @entity1211 in @entity1 with @entity1583 as well as in @entity1 with solid @entity5 . The reported incidence of @entity1211 in @entity706 is variable, ranging from less than 5% to 59.5%. The incidence of @entity1211 is higher in @entity1893 than it is in @entity978 . The incidence of @entity1211 also varies according to the disease grade, the disease stage, the performance status of the @entity1 , and the site of disease. Most @entity1211 cases occur at the diagnosis of @entity5 or early in the course of @entity5 treatment. An elevated incidence of @entity1211 is also reported in cases of @entity1582 . @entity1211 occurs in approximately 5% of @entity1582 @entity1 treated with conventional chemotherapy, and treatment of @entity1582 @entity1 with immunomodulatory drugs (IMid)-based therapy increases the risk of @entity1211 . Prophylactic @entity117 or anticoagulant is used in @entity1582 @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy. Several reports have indicated that the incidence of @entity1211 is relatively low in Asian @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy, and concomitant use of @entity1749 reduces the risk of @entity1211 . The incidence of @entity715 is also increased in @entity1 with @entity1582 and @entity1581 of undetermined significance. Further studies are needed to develop a predictive model for identifying @entity1 with @entity706 and @entity1582 who are at high risk for developing @entity715 .

title: @entity715 in @entity706 @entity1 and in XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['Myeloma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The risk of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) in @entity1 with @entity5 is several-fold higher than that in individuals without @entity5 . Recent studies demonstrated a high incidence of @entity1211 in @entity1 with @entity1583 as well as in @entity1 with solid @entity5 . The reported incidence of @entity1211 in @entity706 is variable, ranging from less than 5% to 59.5%. The incidence of @entity1211 is higher in @entity1893 than it is in @entity978 . The incidence of @entity1211 also varies according to the disease grade, the disease stage, the performance status of the @entity1 , and the site of disease. Most @entity1211 cases occur at the diagnosis of @entity5 or early in the course of @entity5 treatment. An elevated incidence of @entity1211 is also reported in cases of @entity1582 . @entity1211 occurs in approximately 5% of @entity1582 @entity1 treated with conventional chemotherapy, and treatment of @entity1582 @entity1 with immunomodulatory drugs (IMid)-based therapy increases the risk of @entity1211 . Prophylactic @entity117 or anticoagulant is used in @entity1582 @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy. Several reports have indicated that the incidence of @entity1211 is relatively low in Asian @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy, and concomitant use of @entity1749 reduces the risk of @entity1211 . The incidence of @entity715 is also increased in @entity1 with @entity1582 and @entity1581 of undetermined significance. Further studies are needed to develop a predictive model for identifying @entity1 with @entity706 and @entity1582 who are at high risk for developing @entity715 .

title: @entity715 in @entity706 XXXX and in @entity1582 @entity1 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The risk of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) in @entity1 with @entity5 is several-fold higher than that in individuals without @entity5 . Recent studies demonstrated a high incidence of @entity1211 in @entity1 with @entity1583 as well as in @entity1 with solid @entity5 . The reported incidence of @entity1211 in @entity706 is variable, ranging from less than 5% to 59.5%. The incidence of @entity1211 is higher in @entity1893 than it is in @entity978 . The incidence of @entity1211 also varies according to the disease grade, the disease stage, the performance status of the @entity1 , and the site of disease. Most @entity1211 cases occur at the diagnosis of @entity5 or early in the course of @entity5 treatment. An elevated incidence of @entity1211 is also reported in cases of @entity1582 . @entity1211 occurs in approximately 5% of @entity1582 @entity1 treated with conventional chemotherapy, and treatment of @entity1582 @entity1 with immunomodulatory drugs (IMid)-based therapy increases the risk of @entity1211 . Prophylactic @entity117 or anticoagulant is used in @entity1582 @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy. Several reports have indicated that the incidence of @entity1211 is relatively low in Asian @entity1 treated with IMid-based therapy, and concomitant use of @entity1749 reduces the risk of @entity1211 . The incidence of @entity715 is also increased in @entity1 with @entity1582 and @entity1581 of undetermined significance. Further studies are needed to develop a predictive model for identifying @entity1 with @entity706 and @entity1582 who are at high risk for developing @entity715 .

title: @entity715 in @entity706 @entity1 and in @entity1582 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hyphae of ascomycetes are compartmentalized by septa. The central pore in these septa allows for cytoplasmic streaming. However, many of these pores are closed by Woronin bodies in @entity11150 , which prevents cytoplasmic mixing and thus maintains hyphal heterogeneity. Here, @entity413 uptake and transport was studied in @entity11150 . @entity413 uptake was higher in the hyphal population with high transcriptional activity when compared to the population with low transcriptional activity. @entity413 was transported from the colony center to the periphery, but not vice versa. This unidirectional flow was similar in the wild-type and the   hexA strain that does not form Woronin bodies. This indicated that septal plugging by Woronin bodies does not impact long distance @entity413 transport. Indeed, the @entity413 analogue @entity25803 ( @entity25803 ) translocated to neighboring hyphal compartments despite Woronin body mediated plugging of the septum that separated these compartments. Notably, @entity25803 accumulated in septal cross walls, indicating that intercompartmental @entity413 transport is mediated by transporters that reside in the plasma membrane lining the septal cross-wall. The presence of such transporters would thus enable selective transport between heterogeneous compartments.

title: Selective transport between heterogeneous hyphal compartments via the plasma membrane lining septal walls of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity11150 :: ('5061', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus niger', 'Aspergillus']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

entities_list: @entity25803 :: ('MESH:C098340', 'Chemical') :: ['2-NBDG', '2-(N-[7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl]amino)-2-deoxyglucose']

answer: @entity11150 :: (5061,Species) :: ['Aspergillus niger']