abstract: The nationwide Danish @entity547 Database, recording more than 10,000 inguinal and 400 @entity18659 repairs annually, provides a unique opportunity to present valid recommendations in the management of Danish @entity1 with groin @entity547 . The cumulated data have been discussed at biannual meetings and guidelines have been approved by the Danish Surgical Society. Diagnosis of groin @entity547 is based on clinical examination. Ultrasonography, CT or MRI are rarely needed, while herniography is not recommended. In @entity1 with indicative symptoms of @entity547 , but no detectable @entity547 , diagnostic laparoscopy may be an option. Once diagnosed, @entity547 repair is recommended in the presence of symptoms affecting daily life. In male @entity1 with minimal or absent symptoms watchful waiting is recommended. In females, however, repair is recommended also in asymptomatic @entity1 . In male @entity1 with primary unilateral or bilateral groin @entity547 the preferred method is mesh repair, either at open surgery (Lichtenstein) or laparoscopically, irrespective of age. Conventional tension-producing methods like Bassini, McVay or Shouldice are no longer recommended in a routine elective setting. Whether repair should be done by open or laparoscopic technique, depends on local expertise, economical considerations and @entity1 preference. Compared to the Lichtenstein operation laparoscopic repair is associated with less acute @entity158 and faster recovery. Furthermore, available data suggest less chronic long-term @entity158 after laparoscopic repair. In female @entity1 laparoscopic repair is the recommended method. In @entity1 with recurrent @entity547 repair is preferred in @entity1 with a previous open repair, while @entity1 with recurrence after laparoscopic repair should undergo open mesh repair. In open repair it is recommended to use a mesh secured with a nonabsorbable monofilament suture. In laparoscopic repair a mesh without a slit and with a minimum size of 15 by 10 cm is used. For mesh fixation absorbable or nonabsorbable tacks or glue can be used. Elective surgery for groin @entity547 should be performed in an outpatient setting, using cost-effective local anaesthesia in open mesh repair and general anaesthesia for laparoscopic repair. Spinal anaesthesia is not recommended. Routine prophylactic antibiotics are not indicated. In the early convalescence period there are no physical restrictions. These guidelines will also be available at the website for the Danish @entity547 Database (www.herniedatabasen.dk). The guidelines will be updated when new substantial evidence becomes available.

title: Danish XXXX Database recommendations for the management of @entity18659 in adults.

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['Hernia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are scarce data regarding the significance of the @entity5 size, hormonal activity and size of the @entity977 of the young; therefore, the study was designed to define the relation of the hormonal status of the large @entity977 . OBJECTIVE: We compared those features with @entity5 of the elderly (>40) with the young @entity1 , and analyzed the clinicopathologic and proliferative features of @entity4611 in young adulthood ( <=40). METHODS: 20-year archives of @entity977 in our clinics were reviewed and macroadenomas with diameter >= 3cm were included in the study. We identified 46 @entity977 and immunohistochemically stained them with pituitary hormones, @entity876 and Ki-67. Twenty-four cases were  <=40-year with an age range of 11-40 years (mean 28.0). Twenty-two cases were >40 with an age range of 44-78 years (mean 58.8). RESULTS: In the young @entity1 group, 15 (62.5%) were functional @entity652 (6 @entity2013 , six @entity2124 [ @entity2124 ], one adrenocorticotrophic hormone [ACTH] @entity652 , two multihormonal [ @entity2124 +ACTH]) and nine (37.5%) were either gonadotrophic or null cell @entity652 . In the elderly group, five (22.7%) were functional @entity652 (two adrenocorticotrophic hormone [ACTH] @entity652 , one @entity2013 , one @entity2124 [ @entity2124 ], one multihormonal [ @entity2124 +ACTH]) and 17 (77.3%) were either gonadotrophic or null cell @entity652 . Ki-67 proliferation index in @entity652 of the young was approximately two-folds higher than the elderly (2.7% vs. 1.2%). CONCLUSION: In both groups, rare @entity876 positivity was identified. In conclusion, @entity4611 of the young show hormonal expression frequently with relatively high Ki-67 proliferation indices.

title: XXXX (>3cm) in young adulthood: Pathologic and proliferative characteristics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['prolactinoma', 'prolactinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary macroadenomas']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumor', 'pituitary adenomas', 'pituitary tumors']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

answer: @entity4611 :: (MESH:D010900,Disease) :: ['Pituitary macroadenomas']


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity558 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity693 and @entity326 . EC do not express membrane @entity5750 , but respond to @entity558 in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity558 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity291 and @entity1 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation. @entity558 rapidly induced the @entity669 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity669 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity558 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity669 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity558 as well as @entity3275 , but not by the inactive @entity3275 analogue, @entity11704 @entity73161 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity11615 , inhibited @entity558 -stimulated protein @entity669 phosphorylation and @entity558 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity650 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity12206 , @entity3963 , and @entity3963 , respectively. @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity5750 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity5750 mAb inhibited the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 . Additionally, @entity558 induced a mobility shift in @entity10368 and @entity3903 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity11615 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity669 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity558 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity5750 . Our data also suggest that a @entity11615 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity669 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity558 -induced @entity1 EC activation and @entity650 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity669 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble XXXX -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity669 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['endotoxic shock']

entities_list: @entity11704 :: ('1063', 'Species') :: ['Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity11615 :: ('MESH:C020754', 'Chemical') :: ['herbimycin', 'herbimycin A']

entities_list: @entity73161 :: ('MESH:C049596', 'Chemical') :: ['diphosphoryl lipid A']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity5750 :: (929,Gene) :: ['CD14']


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity558 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity693 and @entity326 . EC do not express membrane @entity5750 , but respond to @entity558 in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity558 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity291 and @entity1 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation. @entity558 rapidly induced the @entity669 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity669 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity558 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity669 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity558 as well as @entity3275 , but not by the inactive @entity3275 analogue, @entity11704 @entity73161 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity11615 , inhibited @entity558 -stimulated protein @entity669 phosphorylation and @entity558 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity650 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity12206 , @entity3963 , and @entity3963 , respectively. @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity5750 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity5750 mAb inhibited the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 . Additionally, @entity558 induced a mobility shift in @entity10368 and @entity3903 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity11615 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity669 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity558 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity5750 . Our data also suggest that a @entity11615 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity669 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity558 -induced @entity1 EC activation and @entity650 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity669 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity10368 , XXXX , and @entity3963 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity669 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity3903 :: (23552,Gene) :: ['p42']


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity558 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity693 and @entity326 . EC do not express membrane @entity5750 , but respond to @entity558 in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity558 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity291 and @entity1 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation. @entity558 rapidly induced the @entity669 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity669 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity558 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity669 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity558 as well as @entity3275 , but not by the inactive @entity3275 analogue, @entity11704 @entity73161 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity11615 , inhibited @entity558 -stimulated protein @entity669 phosphorylation and @entity558 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity650 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity12206 , @entity3963 , and @entity3963 , respectively. @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity5750 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity5750 mAb inhibited the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 . Additionally, @entity558 induced a mobility shift in @entity10368 and @entity3903 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity11615 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity669 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity558 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity5750 . Our data also suggest that a @entity11615 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity669 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity558 -induced @entity1 EC activation and @entity650 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity669 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases XXXX , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity669 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity10368 :: (10561,Gene) :: ['p44']


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity558 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity693 and @entity326 . EC do not express membrane @entity5750 , but respond to @entity558 in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity558 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity291 and @entity1 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation. @entity558 rapidly induced the @entity669 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity669 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity558 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity669 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity558 as well as @entity3275 , but not by the inactive @entity3275 analogue, @entity11704 @entity73161 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity11615 , inhibited @entity558 -stimulated protein @entity669 phosphorylation and @entity558 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity650 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity12206 , @entity3963 , and @entity3963 , respectively. @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity5750 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity5750 mAb inhibited the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 . Additionally, @entity558 induced a mobility shift in @entity10368 and @entity3903 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity11615 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity669 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity558 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity5750 . Our data also suggest that a @entity11615 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity669 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity558 -induced @entity1 EC activation and @entity650 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the XXXX phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity669 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity558 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity693 and @entity326 . EC do not express membrane @entity5750 , but respond to @entity558 in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity558 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity291 and @entity1 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation. @entity558 rapidly induced the @entity669 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity669 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity558 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity669 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity558 as well as @entity3275 , but not by the inactive @entity3275 analogue, @entity11704 @entity73161 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity11615 , inhibited @entity558 -stimulated protein @entity669 phosphorylation and @entity558 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity650 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity12206 , @entity3963 , and @entity3963 , respectively. @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity5750 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity5750 mAb inhibited the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 . Additionally, @entity558 induced a mobility shift in @entity10368 and @entity3903 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity11615 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity669 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity558 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity5750 . Our data also suggest that a @entity11615 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity669 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity558 -induced @entity1 EC activation and @entity650 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity669 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. Role of protein XXXX phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity558 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity693 and @entity326 . EC do not express membrane @entity5750 , but respond to @entity558 in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity558 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity291 and @entity1 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation. @entity558 rapidly induced the @entity669 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity669 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity558 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity669 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity558 as well as @entity3275 , but not by the inactive @entity3275 analogue, @entity11704 @entity73161 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity11615 , inhibited @entity558 -stimulated protein @entity669 phosphorylation and @entity558 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity650 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity12206 , @entity3963 , and @entity3963 , respectively. @entity558 -induced protein @entity669 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity5750 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity5750 mAb inhibited the @entity558 -induced @entity669 phosphorylation of @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and @entity3963 . Additionally, @entity558 induced a mobility shift in @entity10368 and @entity3903 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity11615 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity669 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity558 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity5750 . Our data also suggest that a @entity11615 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity669 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity558 -induced @entity1 EC activation and @entity650 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity669 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity10368 , @entity3903 , and XXXX in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity5750 -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity669 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity3963 :: (5594,Gene) :: ['p41']


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compositions of @entity796 isolated from from clinical sources such as blood, urine, pus, sputum, and feces were analyzed by @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis ( @entity214 -PAGE), and @entity4028 -susceptibility and serotype of these isolates were investigated in this study. Fifty-nine isolates tested were divided into three groups according to the difference in their LPS compositions; 35 strains with the long-LPS chain (B-band LPS), 14 strains with the short chain (A-band LPS) and 10 @entity942 strains. The relationship between the LPS compositions and their sources of 59 strains were investigated. The majority of clinical isolates (12 of the 13 strains) from the blood samples possessed the long-LPS chain (B-band LPS) and the remaining possessed the short-LPS chain (A-band LPS). About 67% each of the isolates from urine and feces possessed the long-LPS chain, and the minor part of both groups possessed the short-LPS chain. In isolates from both sputum and pus samples, the long- and short-LPS chains were found at almost the same rate, and the @entity942 isolates were found in the sputum samples at a considerably high rate of 42%. The 19 of the 35 isolates with the long-LPS chain were susceptible to @entity801 (54%) and 12 isolates were resistant (34%). On the other hand, the 14 isolates with the short chain were divided roughly into three groups, @entity801 -resistant, and -susceptible groups and intermediate groups. It was also notable that 7 of the 10 @entity942 isolates were resistant to @entity801 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Heterogeneity of lipopolysaccharide chain size of @entity796 isolated from different clinical sources--with reference to XXXX -susceptibility and serotype].

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['LPS-deficient']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity801 :: (MESH:D005839,Chemical) :: ['gentamicin']


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compositions of @entity796 isolated from from clinical sources such as blood, urine, pus, sputum, and feces were analyzed by @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis ( @entity214 -PAGE), and @entity4028 -susceptibility and serotype of these isolates were investigated in this study. Fifty-nine isolates tested were divided into three groups according to the difference in their LPS compositions; 35 strains with the long-LPS chain (B-band LPS), 14 strains with the short chain (A-band LPS) and 10 @entity942 strains. The relationship between the LPS compositions and their sources of 59 strains were investigated. The majority of clinical isolates (12 of the 13 strains) from the blood samples possessed the long-LPS chain (B-band LPS) and the remaining possessed the short-LPS chain (A-band LPS). About 67% each of the isolates from urine and feces possessed the long-LPS chain, and the minor part of both groups possessed the short-LPS chain. In isolates from both sputum and pus samples, the long- and short-LPS chains were found at almost the same rate, and the @entity942 isolates were found in the sputum samples at a considerably high rate of 42%. The 19 of the 35 isolates with the long-LPS chain were susceptible to @entity801 (54%) and 12 isolates were resistant (34%). On the other hand, the 14 isolates with the short chain were divided roughly into three groups, @entity801 -resistant, and -susceptible groups and intermediate groups. It was also notable that 7 of the 10 @entity942 isolates were resistant to @entity801 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Heterogeneity of lipopolysaccharide chain size of XXXX isolated from different clinical sources--with reference to @entity801 -susceptibility and serotype].

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: In 17 @entity1 with @entity1757 and @entity120 ( @entity1757 , PH) weighing 5.2 kg to 9.5 kg, open heart surgery was conducted with bloodless priming (total priming volume: 370-470 ml). None of the @entity1 required blood transfusion during their hospital stay. The post-operative respiratory status was excellent in all cases with duration of intubation being 6 +/- 3 hours. While 12 @entity1 weighing over 6.6 kg maintained individual constant hematocrit (Hct) values during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), all 5 @entity1 weighing under 6.1 kg showed significant decrease during rewarming (17 +/- 2% after initiation of CPB to 14 +/- 2% during rewarming). The lowest Hct value was 12% during rewarming in 6.0 kg @entity1 . The pre-operative circulating blood volume (CBV) was calculated retrospectively from the priming volume, the Hct value after anesthetic induction and the Hct value after initiation of CPB. The relationship, @entity2541 (ml) = body weight (kg) x 72-13 (r = 0.85, p < 0.01) was derived. Using this equation, we calculated the predicted Hct level after initiation of CPB using the 370 ml bypass circuit in 43 @entity1757 PH @entity1 weighing 3.4 kg-5.9 kg. The Hct values were 17 +/- 2% in 13 @entity1 weighing over 5 kg with 12 (91 percent) above 15%, and 13 +/- 2% in 30 @entity1 weighing under 4 kg with 3 (11 percent) above 15%. Hct levels of 34%-36% before CPB were essential in @entity1 weighing 4.0 kg-4.9 kg for the Hct level after initiation of CPB to exceed 15%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Open heart surgery with bloodless priming for XXXX and @entity120 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['ventricular septal defect']


abstract: In 17 @entity1 with @entity1757 and @entity120 ( @entity1757 , PH) weighing 5.2 kg to 9.5 kg, open heart surgery was conducted with bloodless priming (total priming volume: 370-470 ml). None of the @entity1 required blood transfusion during their hospital stay. The post-operative respiratory status was excellent in all cases with duration of intubation being 6 +/- 3 hours. While 12 @entity1 weighing over 6.6 kg maintained individual constant hematocrit (Hct) values during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), all 5 @entity1 weighing under 6.1 kg showed significant decrease during rewarming (17 +/- 2% after initiation of CPB to 14 +/- 2% during rewarming). The lowest Hct value was 12% during rewarming in 6.0 kg @entity1 . The pre-operative circulating blood volume (CBV) was calculated retrospectively from the priming volume, the Hct value after anesthetic induction and the Hct value after initiation of CPB. The relationship, @entity2541 (ml) = body weight (kg) x 72-13 (r = 0.85, p < 0.01) was derived. Using this equation, we calculated the predicted Hct level after initiation of CPB using the 370 ml bypass circuit in 43 @entity1757 PH @entity1 weighing 3.4 kg-5.9 kg. The Hct values were 17 +/- 2% in 13 @entity1 weighing over 5 kg with 12 (91 percent) above 15%, and 13 +/- 2% in 30 @entity1 weighing under 4 kg with 3 (11 percent) above 15%. Hct levels of 34%-36% before CPB were essential in @entity1 weighing 4.0 kg-4.9 kg for the Hct level after initiation of CPB to exceed 15%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Open heart surgery with bloodless priming for @entity1757 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: CONTEXT: Late-night salivary @entity701 (LNSC) is well-validated in the diagnosis of @entity699 ( @entity699 ). The accuracy of LNSC during follow-up of @entity1 undergoing @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) has not been fully characterized. OBJECTIVES: We examined the accuracy of LNSC in establishing remission and identifying recurrence in postoperative @entity1 with @entity699 . DESIGN: This is a retrospective study. @entity1 : Records of @entity1 with @entity699 who underwent @entity1104 by a single neurosurgeon in our tertiary center (2005-2014) were analyzed (N = 224). @entity1 were selected for further investigation (n = 165) if there was at least one available LNSC test obtained after @entity1104 (either within 3 months or during long-term follow-up). Extracted data included demographic and clinical characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory data (morning serum @entity701 , 24-hour urine free @entity701 [UFC], LNSC) . MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Remission was defined as nadir morning serum @entity701 less than 5 mcg/dl and nadir 24-hour UFC less than 23 mcg. Recurrence was considered definite if confirmed surgically or prompted radiotherapy. RESULTS: Surgical remission occurred in 89% of 89 @entity1 with available LNSC data. LNSC, obtained within 3 months of @entity1104 , established remission with 94% sensitivity and 80% specificity at a cutpoint of 1.9 nmol/l (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.90). At a median follow-up of 53.5 months, LNSC established recurrence (75% sensitivity and 95% specificity) at a cutpoint of 7.4 nmol/l (AUC = 0.87), and 24-hour UFC established recurrence (68% sensitivity and 100% specificity) at a cutpoint of 1.6-fold above normal (AUC = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS: LNSC may accurately establish remission after @entity1104 and identify recurrence more accurately than 24-hour UFC during long-term follow-up.

title: Accuracy of Late-Night Salivary @entity701 in Evaluating Postoperative Remission and Recurrence in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['transsphenoidal surgery', 'TSS']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Cushing's disease"]

answer: @entity699 :: (MESH:D003480,Disease) :: ['Cushing's Disease']


abstract: CONTEXT: Late-night salivary @entity701 (LNSC) is well-validated in the diagnosis of @entity699 ( @entity699 ). The accuracy of LNSC during follow-up of @entity1 undergoing @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) has not been fully characterized. OBJECTIVES: We examined the accuracy of LNSC in establishing remission and identifying recurrence in postoperative @entity1 with @entity699 . DESIGN: This is a retrospective study. @entity1 : Records of @entity1 with @entity699 who underwent @entity1104 by a single neurosurgeon in our tertiary center (2005-2014) were analyzed (N = 224). @entity1 were selected for further investigation (n = 165) if there was at least one available LNSC test obtained after @entity1104 (either within 3 months or during long-term follow-up). Extracted data included demographic and clinical characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory data (morning serum @entity701 , 24-hour urine free @entity701 [UFC], LNSC) . MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Remission was defined as nadir morning serum @entity701 less than 5 mcg/dl and nadir 24-hour UFC less than 23 mcg. Recurrence was considered definite if confirmed surgically or prompted radiotherapy. RESULTS: Surgical remission occurred in 89% of 89 @entity1 with available LNSC data. LNSC, obtained within 3 months of @entity1104 , established remission with 94% sensitivity and 80% specificity at a cutpoint of 1.9 nmol/l (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.90). At a median follow-up of 53.5 months, LNSC established recurrence (75% sensitivity and 95% specificity) at a cutpoint of 7.4 nmol/l (AUC = 0.87), and 24-hour UFC established recurrence (68% sensitivity and 100% specificity) at a cutpoint of 1.6-fold above normal (AUC = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS: LNSC may accurately establish remission after @entity1104 and identify recurrence more accurately than 24-hour UFC during long-term follow-up.

title: Accuracy of Late-Night Salivary XXXX in Evaluating Postoperative Remission and Recurrence in @entity699 .

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['Cortisol']


abstract: Antituberculosis (anti- @entity1906 ) chemotherapy with concomitant administration of @entity1215 and @entity3109 may cause a higher incidence of hepatotoxicity than @entity3109 alone. We carried out a prospective study of the adverse reactions to anti- @entity1906 drugs and the clinical outcome in elderly patients on anti- @entity1906 chemotherapy, to find out whether the omission of @entity1215 from standard anti- @entity1906 regime would result in a reduction of adverse reactions and/or mortality during anti- @entity1906 treatment. Eighty elderly @entity1 (age > 65 years) with @entity1906 were recruited into the study. They were randomised to receive anti- @entity1906 chemotherapy consisting of @entity3109 , @entity5585 and @entity3110 with or without @entity1215 for six months. Adverse reactions and mortality occurring during treatment were noted. A significantly higher number of @entity1 on @entity1215 had elevated liver enzymes compared with those not receiving @entity1215 . All of these reactions responded favorably to adjustment of anti- @entity1906 drugs. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of symptomatic adverse reactions or mortality during treatment. However, five @entity1 not given @entity1215 had unsatisfactory resolution radiographically and required additional therapy. We conclude that the inclusion of @entity1215 in the anti- @entity1906 regime offers a better therapeutic response but without significantly affecting the incidence of adverse reactions or mortality during treatment in elderly @entity1 with @entity1906 .

title: Adverse drug reactions and outcome of elderly patients on antituberculosis chemotherapy with and without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3110 :: ('MESH:D004977', 'Chemical') :: ['ethambutol']

entities_list: @entity5585 :: ('MESH:D011718', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrazinamide']

entities_list: @entity3109 :: ('MESH:D007538', 'Chemical') :: ['isoniazid']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

answer: @entity1215 :: (MESH:D012293,Chemical) :: ['rifampicin']


abstract: We studied 30 @entity1 with @entity3100 and @entity66 and to compare the efficacy of intralesional @entity134 injection and @entity3101 to @entity3101 alone for treatment of this disorder. @entity1 ranged in age from 1 year to 12 years, 1 month (mean, 5 years, 7 months). All @entity1 were black and 23 (77%) were female. (The racial composition of our clinic population is 45% black, 18% Latin American, 34% Caucasian and 3% Asian.) Fungus cultures were positive in all but one @entity1 and Trichophyton tonsurans was isolated from 26 of 30 (87%) of the pretreatment hair cultures. Direct microscopic examinations of @entity3071 -treated hair samples were negative in 13 of 29 (43%) culture-positive @entity1 . @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive intralesional steroid injection (2.5 mg) and @entity3101 (14 @entity1 ) or @entity3101 only (16 @entity1 ). The treatment groups were comparable with regard to age, sex, duration of lesions before treatment and type of lesions. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in the time to negative culture, time of onset of new hair growth, complete regrowth of hair and time to scalp clearing. We conclude that intralesional injection of corticosteroid is an unnecessary adjunct to therapy for @entity1 with @entity3100 with kerion.

title: Randomized controlled trial of intralesional corticosteroid and XXXX vs. @entity3101 alone for treatment of kerion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['kerion to define the epidemiology of the disease']

entities_list: @entity3101 :: ('MESH:D006118', 'Chemical') :: ['griseofulvin']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity3100 :: ('MESH:D014006', 'Disease') :: ['tinea capitis']

answer: @entity3101 :: (MESH:D006118,Chemical) :: ['griseofulvin']


abstract: We studied 30 @entity1 with @entity3100 and @entity66 and to compare the efficacy of intralesional @entity134 injection and @entity3101 to @entity3101 alone for treatment of this disorder. @entity1 ranged in age from 1 year to 12 years, 1 month (mean, 5 years, 7 months). All @entity1 were black and 23 (77%) were female. (The racial composition of our clinic population is 45% black, 18% Latin American, 34% Caucasian and 3% Asian.) Fungus cultures were positive in all but one @entity1 and Trichophyton tonsurans was isolated from 26 of 30 (87%) of the pretreatment hair cultures. Direct microscopic examinations of @entity3071 -treated hair samples were negative in 13 of 29 (43%) culture-positive @entity1 . @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive intralesional steroid injection (2.5 mg) and @entity3101 (14 @entity1 ) or @entity3101 only (16 @entity1 ). The treatment groups were comparable with regard to age, sex, duration of lesions before treatment and type of lesions. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in the time to negative culture, time of onset of new hair growth, complete regrowth of hair and time to scalp clearing. We conclude that intralesional injection of corticosteroid is an unnecessary adjunct to therapy for @entity1 with @entity3100 with kerion.

title: Randomized controlled trial of intralesional corticosteroid and @entity3101 vs. XXXX alone for treatment of kerion.

answer: @entity3101 :: (MESH:D006118,Chemical) :: ['griseofulvin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Rare @entity1962 have no defined standard approach given their low incidence. They present with nonspecific imaging characteristics and are described as having worse prognosis than other @entity358 , with greater likelihood of local invasion and early @entity3 . PRESENTATION OF CASE: Male caucasian @entity1 , 43 years, 26 pack-year smoking history, presented with watery @entity294 , @entity391 and loss of 25% body weight (20kg) in four weeks. Colonoscopy identified a left @entity694 . Abdominal CT/ultrasound showed a large fistulous lesion between the 4th portion of the duodenum and left colon. CT showed a solid mass in the @entity358 . Endoscopy and transthoracic biopsy were inconclusive. En bloc D3 and D4 duodenectomy, proximal enterectomy and left hemicolectomy were performed, with inconclusive histology of the specimen. Three months later, a right upper lung lobectomy with lymphadenectomy was performed, revealing an @entity1962 of lung origin, R0, staged as pT2pN0pM1b. Six months later, a single dural @entity3 in the left cerebellopontine angle was detected and resected, with subsequent holocranial radiotherapy and systemic adjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 is currently with 18 months follow-up, in good general health and with no evidence of recurrent disease. DISCUSSION: There are no specific guidelines to treat oligometastatic @entity2 . Our approach was abdominal surgery as a life-saving procedure and, months later, oncological resection of primary @entity2 and metachronous @entity3 to the brain. CONCLUSION: A systematic, @entity1 -oriented, @entity1 -shared, multidisciplinary approach is particularly relevant when dealing with atypical presentations of @entity395 in young @entity1 .

title: Duodeno-colic fistula as a rare presentation of @entity2 - surgical treatment of a stage IV oligometastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['early emesis']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['adenosquamous lung carcinoma', 'lung tumor']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['right upper lung lobe', 'lung malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare diseases']

entities_list: @entity1962 :: ('MESH:D018196', 'Disease') :: ['adenosquamous carcinoma', 'adenosquamous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic mass']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['lung disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Rare @entity1962 have no defined standard approach given their low incidence. They present with nonspecific imaging characteristics and are described as having worse prognosis than other @entity358 , with greater likelihood of local invasion and early @entity3 . PRESENTATION OF CASE: Male caucasian @entity1 , 43 years, 26 pack-year smoking history, presented with watery @entity294 , @entity391 and loss of 25% body weight (20kg) in four weeks. Colonoscopy identified a left @entity694 . Abdominal CT/ultrasound showed a large fistulous lesion between the 4th portion of the duodenum and left colon. CT showed a solid mass in the @entity358 . Endoscopy and transthoracic biopsy were inconclusive. En bloc D3 and D4 duodenectomy, proximal enterectomy and left hemicolectomy were performed, with inconclusive histology of the specimen. Three months later, a right upper lung lobectomy with lymphadenectomy was performed, revealing an @entity1962 of lung origin, R0, staged as pT2pN0pM1b. Six months later, a single dural @entity3 in the left cerebellopontine angle was detected and resected, with subsequent holocranial radiotherapy and systemic adjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 is currently with 18 months follow-up, in good general health and with no evidence of recurrent disease. DISCUSSION: There are no specific guidelines to treat oligometastatic @entity2 . Our approach was abdominal surgery as a life-saving procedure and, months later, oncological resection of primary @entity2 and metachronous @entity3 to the brain. CONCLUSION: A systematic, @entity1 -oriented, @entity1 -shared, multidisciplinary approach is particularly relevant when dealing with atypical presentations of @entity395 in young @entity1 .

title: Duodeno-colic fistula as a rare presentation of XXXX - surgical treatment of a stage IV oligometastatic @entity358 .

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: The new triphasic @entity172 - @entity1871 compound provides good contraception with a hormonal dosage that is sensibly lower than in the older compounds. Many of the risks connected with oral contraception are thus reduced. The study aims to show whether the triphasic compound has any side effects on the @entity7138 and on the gingival margin. Such effects have been noticed by several authors to be related to higher blood levels of @entity172 and @entity7828 , as in the treatment with monophasic compounds and in pregnancies. 30 @entity1 had an oral exam at the beginning of the study and were tested again after 3 cycles of treatment. The tests regarded the condition of the oral mucosa, the gingiva and the gingival margin. Besides, the coagulation factors were tested in relationship with the antithrombin III. In the majority of cases only moderate @entity450 was seen. 6 @entity1 showed @entity2521 with @entity548 while eating. All lesions were reversible. The blood tests did not show any significant change. These results need to be compared with those of a larger study and after several cycles of treatment.

title: [Effect of a new triphasic @entity172 - XXXX compound on the mouth mucosa, gingiva and gingival margin].

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'estrogens']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity7828 :: ('MESH:D011372', 'Chemical') :: ['progestins']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity1871 :: ('CHEBI:59826', 'Chemical') :: ['progestin']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['marginal periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity7138 :: ('MESH:D005885', 'Disease') :: ['mouth and gingival mucosa']

answer: @entity1871 :: (CHEBI:59826,Chemical) :: ['progestin']


abstract: The new triphasic @entity172 - @entity1871 compound provides good contraception with a hormonal dosage that is sensibly lower than in the older compounds. Many of the risks connected with oral contraception are thus reduced. The study aims to show whether the triphasic compound has any side effects on the @entity7138 and on the gingival margin. Such effects have been noticed by several authors to be related to higher blood levels of @entity172 and @entity7828 , as in the treatment with monophasic compounds and in pregnancies. 30 @entity1 had an oral exam at the beginning of the study and were tested again after 3 cycles of treatment. The tests regarded the condition of the oral mucosa, the gingiva and the gingival margin. Besides, the coagulation factors were tested in relationship with the antithrombin III. In the majority of cases only moderate @entity450 was seen. 6 @entity1 showed @entity2521 with @entity548 while eating. All lesions were reversible. The blood tests did not show any significant change. These results need to be compared with those of a larger study and after several cycles of treatment.

title: [Effect of a new triphasic XXXX - @entity1871 compound on the mouth mucosa, gingiva and gingival margin].

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Since 1986, the national sentinel network in Switzerland (Sentinella) has collected reports of measles, mumps, and @entity2462 cases in order to evaluate the impact of the Swiss MMR vaccination campaign (started in 1987) on disease frequency. DESIGN: Passive surveillance of clinical measles, mumps, and @entity2462 cases through a voluntary physician based sentinel network in Switzerland. SETTING: Each year between June 1986 and May 1994, 150 to 200 general practitioners, specialists in internal medicine, and paediatricians in private practice covering the whole country have reported weekly numbers of consultations. @entity1 : Every @entity1 who fulfilled the case definition and consulted a physician participating in the Sentinella network was reported. MAIN RESULTS: Since 1986, the annual number of reported measles cases per physician has fallen--from 1.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11, 1.50) in 1986-87 to 0.4 (95% CI 0.30, 0.50) in 1993-94. A decreasing trend, although less pronounced, was also observed for @entity2462 . An initial decrease in mumps cases was reported--from 1.8 (95% CI 1.57, 2.03) annually reported cases per physician in 1986-87 to 0.7 (95% CI 0.55, 0.83) in 1989-90. This was followed, however, by a net and sustained increase. In 1993-94, the mean annual number of reported mumps cases per practitioner reached 4.7 (95% CI 4.34, 5.01) which was the highest level since surveillance had started. Over the whole eight year period, reported mumps cases, in terms of the percentage of consultations, were four times more frequent in the French speaking part of Switzerland than in the rest of the country. The proportion of mumps cases in @entity1 reported to have been vaccinated also increased--from 10% in 1986-87 to 60% in 1993-94. CONCLUSIONS: Reductions in cases of measles and @entity2462 but an appreciable increase in mumps cases have been observed in the past three years in Switzerland. This findings, combined with increasing vaccination coverage and the fact that 60% of mumps cases are reported in vaccinated @entity1 , suggests that the overall efficacy of the mumps vaccines used in Switzerland is probably below 80%. Under these conditions the goal of eliminating mumps will probably not be reached. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of the different mumps vaccines used.

title: Measles, mumps, and XXXX : monitoring in Switzerland through a sentinel network, 1986-94. Sentinella Arbeitsgemeinschaft.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'people', 'patient']

answer: @entity2462 :: (MESH:D012409,Disease) :: ['rubella']


abstract: The 52-kD @entity6540 protein is one of the antigenic targets strongly associated with the autoimmune response in mothers whose @entity1 have manifestations of @entity8314 . In addition to the cDNA clone we previously reported for the full-length 52-kD @entity6540 protein, an interesting MOLT-4 cDNA clone, p52-2, was found to have an internal deletion of 231 nucleotides including the domain encoding the @entity368 zipper motif. To further investigate the nature of this deletion, genomic DNA clones were isolated from a lambda FIXII library. The complete gene for the full-length 52-kD protein (alpha form, 52 alpha) spans 10 kb of DNA and is composed of seven exons. Exon 1 contains only the 5' untranslated sequence, while the translation initiation codon is located 3 kb downstream in exon 2, which also encodes the three @entity219 finger motifs. Exon 4 encodes @entity1522 168-245, including the coiled coil/ @entity368 zipper domain. Exon 7 is the longest and encodes the rfp-like domain and the 3' untranslated region. The cDNA p52-2 can now be accounted for as a product of alternative messenger RNA (mRNA) derived from the splicing of exon 3 to exon 5, skipping exon 4, which results in a smaller protein (52 beta) with a predicted molecular weight of 45,000. An initial approach to identifying this alternatively spliced form in the @entity1 heart used a ribonuclease protection assay. Using an RNA probe corresponding to bases 674-964 of the full-length cDNA, two protected mRNA fragments were identified, a 290-bp fragment corresponding to expression of 52 alpha and a smaller fragment of 144 bp, the predicted size of 52 beta. Using reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction, cDNAs from a 16-wk fetal heart, 24-wk heart, and adult heart were amplified with primers flanking exon 4. Two polymerase chain reaction products were observed in each tissue, one 1.0 kb likely representing 52 alpha and a second 0.78 kb, consistent with 52 beta. The 0.78-kb fragment identified in the 16-wk heart was cloned, and DNA sequencing confirmed the 52 beta type. Immunoprecipitation of in vitro-translated 35S-labeled 52 beta form was performed to evaluate the antigenicity of this novel form of 52-kD @entity6540 . 26 (87%) of 30 sera tested from mothers whose @entity1 were known to have @entity8314 immunoprecipitated the 52 beta form.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: 52-kD XXXX : genomic structure and identification of an alternatively spliced transcript encoding a novel @entity368 zipper-minus autoantigen expressed in fetal and adult heart.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity8314 :: ('MESH:C536397', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal lupus']

answer: @entity6540 :: (6737,Gene) :: ['SS-A/Ro']


abstract: The 52-kD @entity6540 protein is one of the antigenic targets strongly associated with the autoimmune response in mothers whose @entity1 have manifestations of @entity8314 . In addition to the cDNA clone we previously reported for the full-length 52-kD @entity6540 protein, an interesting MOLT-4 cDNA clone, p52-2, was found to have an internal deletion of 231 nucleotides including the domain encoding the @entity368 zipper motif. To further investigate the nature of this deletion, genomic DNA clones were isolated from a lambda FIXII library. The complete gene for the full-length 52-kD protein (alpha form, 52 alpha) spans 10 kb of DNA and is composed of seven exons. Exon 1 contains only the 5' untranslated sequence, while the translation initiation codon is located 3 kb downstream in exon 2, which also encodes the three @entity219 finger motifs. Exon 4 encodes @entity1522 168-245, including the coiled coil/ @entity368 zipper domain. Exon 7 is the longest and encodes the rfp-like domain and the 3' untranslated region. The cDNA p52-2 can now be accounted for as a product of alternative messenger RNA (mRNA) derived from the splicing of exon 3 to exon 5, skipping exon 4, which results in a smaller protein (52 beta) with a predicted molecular weight of 45,000. An initial approach to identifying this alternatively spliced form in the @entity1 heart used a ribonuclease protection assay. Using an RNA probe corresponding to bases 674-964 of the full-length cDNA, two protected mRNA fragments were identified, a 290-bp fragment corresponding to expression of 52 alpha and a smaller fragment of 144 bp, the predicted size of 52 beta. Using reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction, cDNAs from a 16-wk fetal heart, 24-wk heart, and adult heart were amplified with primers flanking exon 4. Two polymerase chain reaction products were observed in each tissue, one 1.0 kb likely representing 52 alpha and a second 0.78 kb, consistent with 52 beta. The 0.78-kb fragment identified in the 16-wk heart was cloned, and DNA sequencing confirmed the 52 beta type. Immunoprecipitation of in vitro-translated 35S-labeled 52 beta form was performed to evaluate the antigenicity of this novel form of 52-kD @entity6540 . 26 (87%) of 30 sera tested from mothers whose @entity1 were known to have @entity8314 immunoprecipitated the 52 beta form.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: 52-kD @entity6540 : genomic structure and identification of an alternatively spliced transcript encoding a novel XXXX zipper-minus autoantigen expressed in fetal and adult heart.

answer: @entity368 :: (CHEBI:25017,Chemical) :: ['leucine']


abstract: The antiarrhythmic properties of @entity8633 on @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) termination and prevention were studied in 16 @entity1 using programmed electrical stimulation techniques. All @entity1 were admitted for documented sustained @entity1165 resistant to 3.5 +/- 2.4 antiarrhythmic agents. Intravenous @entity8633 (2 mg/kg) successfully terminated 4 out of 8 and prevented 3 out of 8 @entity1 with hemodynamically well tolerated sustained @entity1165 . Oral @entity8633 (800 mg day 500-600 mg the following days) prevented successfully pacing-induced @entity1165 in 7 @entity1 (43.7 p. cent) and a partial result was obtained in additional 3 (18.7 p. cent). In 6 @entity1 @entity8633 failed to prevent pacing-induced @entity1165 including 2 @entity1 with a shorter cycle length on @entity8633 (classified as aggravation). @entity591 cycle length lengthened in the remaining 4 a mean of 11 +/- 12 p. cent. One of the 7 @entity1 with a good result presented on @entity8633 evidence of @entity1817 . The remaining 6 underwent long-term therapy (600 mg/24 h). During a mean follow up of 19 +/- 4 months, 4 @entity1 are well controlled, 1 presented a side-effect ( @entity8442 ) and 1 a recurrence. This study emphasizes the antiarrhythmic properties of @entity8633 at the ventricular level and provides evidence of its usefulness in @entity1 with recurrent sustained @entity1165 .

title: [Oral and intravenous XXXX in the treatment of recurrent sustained @entity1165 . Electropharmacological study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity8442 :: ('MESH:D007418', 'Disease') :: ['paralytic ileus']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['Tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1817 :: ('MESH:D012804', 'Disease') :: ['sinus node dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity8633 :: ('MESH:D015764', 'Chemical') :: ['bepridil']

answer: @entity8633 :: (MESH:D015764,Chemical) :: ['bepridil']


abstract: The antiarrhythmic properties of @entity8633 on @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) termination and prevention were studied in 16 @entity1 using programmed electrical stimulation techniques. All @entity1 were admitted for documented sustained @entity1165 resistant to 3.5 +/- 2.4 antiarrhythmic agents. Intravenous @entity8633 (2 mg/kg) successfully terminated 4 out of 8 and prevented 3 out of 8 @entity1 with hemodynamically well tolerated sustained @entity1165 . Oral @entity8633 (800 mg day 500-600 mg the following days) prevented successfully pacing-induced @entity1165 in 7 @entity1 (43.7 p. cent) and a partial result was obtained in additional 3 (18.7 p. cent). In 6 @entity1 @entity8633 failed to prevent pacing-induced @entity1165 including 2 @entity1 with a shorter cycle length on @entity8633 (classified as aggravation). @entity591 cycle length lengthened in the remaining 4 a mean of 11 +/- 12 p. cent. One of the 7 @entity1 with a good result presented on @entity8633 evidence of @entity1817 . The remaining 6 underwent long-term therapy (600 mg/24 h). During a mean follow up of 19 +/- 4 months, 4 @entity1 are well controlled, 1 presented a side-effect ( @entity8442 ) and 1 a recurrence. This study emphasizes the antiarrhythmic properties of @entity8633 at the ventricular level and provides evidence of its usefulness in @entity1 with recurrent sustained @entity1165 .

title: [Oral and intravenous @entity8633 in the treatment of recurrent sustained XXXX . Electropharmacological study].

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardias']


abstract: This study presents follow-up data on 95 @entity1 with transposition of the great arteries who underwent a Mustard intraatrial baffle operation. The @entity1 were followed up serially by means of scalar electrocardiograms and 24 hour Holter monitoring studies. The latter study was effective in documenting abnormal rhythm patterns when the standard electrocardiogram was within normal limits. Twenty percent of the @entity1 had @entity943 at the time of hospital discharge. new rhythm disturbances were recognized during each year of follow-up; 75% of the @entity1 had @entity74 by the sixth year. Slow junctional rhythm was the most common rhythm disturbance found. @entity616 did not occur. @entity4710 occurred within the context of the @entity591 / @entity1168 syndrome in 8 of 10 @entity1 , and in all it was documented after hospital discharge. The incidence of @entity944 in this series was 3%. Six of the @entity1 have had pacemaker insertions and there have been no deaths among these individuals. It was observed that the slow @entity955 that appeared after intraatrial correction of transposition of the great arteries rarely progressed to life-threatening @entity74 in childhood or adolescence, but the prognosis in adult life remains unknown. The three deaths in the series occurred in @entity1 with a history of supraventricular @entity591 . Elimination of @entity943 caused by extensive intraatrial surgery is one of the potential advantages of the arterial switch operation for correction of transposition of the great arteries.

title: XXXX after the Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries: a long-term study.

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['rhythm disorders', 'atrial rhythm disorders']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial or junctional rhythms']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['Supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['Complete heart block']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['Arrhythmias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between total dose intensity (TDI) of @entity900 / @entity3003 , total dose intensity of all chemotherapy drugs (GDI) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity43 @entity1 . METHODS: Over 700 studies from the English literature were reviewed. Prospective clinical trials that had at least one arm treating @entity1 with @entity900 / @entity3003 and provided data on both @entity1349 and dose and schedule of chemotherapy were included. Dose intensity (DI), TDI, and GDI were calculated for each study arm. To explore possible relationships, several linear regression models were fitted with @entity1349 as the dependent variable and DI, TDI, GDI, and other known prognostic factors as the independent variables. RESULTS: Sixty-one study arms were analyzed including 4118 @entity1 . No significant correlation was found between DI and TDI of @entity900 and @entity1349 (P = 0.90 and P = 0.11 respectively). Of the 10 variables tested, proportion of @entity1 optimally debulked (%OD), proportion of @entity5 , and GDI were found to have a significant correlation to @entity1349 . All studies with a GDI less than 20 and %OD < 20 had a @entity1349 less than 20 months. On the other hand 77% of studies have a @entity1349 greater than 20 months when GDI is > 20 and %OD > 20%. We found single-agent chemotherapy had the worst outcome and there was very little difference between two or more drugs for percentage of studies with > 20 months @entity1349 , (56.5% vs 63.3% respectively). CONCLUSIONS: From this meta-analysis we believe that both GDI and %OD are important factors that determine outcome in terms of @entity1349 .

title: Meta-analysis comparing XXXX total dose intensity and survival.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['stage III-IV ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous tumor']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['median survival', 'MS']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The present article describes an @entity14890 oxidase from Bothrops atrox snake venom as with antiprotozoal activities in @entity1527 and in different species of @entity3667 ( @entity3667 braziliensis, @entity3911 and @entity3667 ). Leishmanicidal effects were inhibited by catalase, suggesting that they are mediated by @entity274 production. @entity3667 spp. cause a spectrum of diseases, ranging from self-healing @entity1066 to disseminated and often fatal infections, depending on the species involved and the host's immune response. BatroxLAAO also displays bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The apoptosis induced by BatroxLAAO on HL-60 cell lines and PBMC cells was determined by morphological cell evaluation using a mix of fluorescent dyes. As revealed by flow cytometry analysis, suppression of cell proliferation with BatroxLAAO was accompanied by the significant accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase boundary in HL-60 cells. BatroxLAAO at 25   g/mL and 50   g/mL blocked G0-G1 transition, resulting in G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, thereby delaying the progression of cells through S and G2/M phase in HL-60 cells. This was shown by an accentuated decrease in the proportion of cells in S phase, and the almost absence of G2/M phase cell population. BatroxLAAO is an interesting enzyme that provides a better understanding of the ophidian envenomation mechanism, and has biotechnological potential as a model for therapeutic agents.

title: Cell cycle arrest evidence, parasiticidal and bactericidal properties induced by XXXX oxidase from Bothrops atrox snake venom.

entities_list: @entity1527 :: ('5693', 'Species') :: ['Trypanosoma cruzi']

entities_list: @entity3667 :: ('5664', 'Species') :: ['Leishmania', 'Leishmania major']

entities_list: @entity14890 :: ('CHEBI:15705', 'Chemical') :: ['l-amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3911 :: ('5661', 'Species') :: ['Leishmania donovani']

answer: @entity14890 :: (CHEBI:15705,Chemical) :: ['L-amino acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine sporadic cases of @entity120 of coancestry. DESIGN: An epidemiologic study of families of @entity1 with @entity120 . SETTING: A university-affiliated referral population. @entity1 : Family members of 13 @entity1 with @entity120 . MEASUREMENTS: Family pedigrees involving grandparents, parents, siblings, and @entity1 were supplemented by genealogic records. Coefficients of kinship (Ck) were calculated for the @entity1 with @entity120 who demonstrated coancestry and compared with 500 sets of controls drawn at random from genealogic records. RESULTS: Two @entity1 with @entity120 demonstrated coancestry. The great-great grandfather and great-great grandmother of one @entity1 were the great-grandfather and great-grandmother of the other @entity1 . No other cases of @entity120 were identified in these two families. The CK of the affected individuals (CK = 10.02 x 10(-5)) suggests strongly that the observed relationship did not occur by chance alone. Among 500 random sets of matched controls, only two sets yielded CK of 10.02 x 10(-5) or greater (p = 0.004). Coancestry could not be identified for the other five families of @entity1 with @entity120 for whom genealogic records were available. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of coancestry in @entity1 with @entity120 suggests that a genetic basis exists for some @entity1 with apparently @entity120 . @entity120 may be more common than previously recognized.

title: Coancestry in apparently XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic primary pulmonary hypertension', 'primary pulmonary hypertension', 'Familial primary pulmonary hypertension']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['sporadic primary pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate a standardized data set for measuring pregnancy outcomes in @entity1 with @entity164 1 and @entity164 2 @entity6 and to compare recent outcomes with those of the 2002-2003 Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and @entity1 Health. METHODS: Existing regional, national and international data sets were compared for content, consistency and validity to develop a standardized data set for @entity6 in pregnancy of 46 key clinical items. The data set was tested retrospectively using data from 2007-2008 pregnancies included in three regional audits (Northern, North West and East Anglia). Obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies resulting in a @entity2209 or live birth were compared with those from the same regions during 2002-2003. RESULTS: Details of 1381 pregnancies, 812 (58.9%) in @entity1 with @entity164 1 @entity6 and 556 (40.3%) in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 , were available to test the proposed standardized data set. Of the 46 data items proposed, only 16 (34.8%), predominantly the delivery and neonatal items, achieved >=  85% completeness. Ethnic group data were available for 746 (54.0%) pregnancies and BMI for 627 (46.5%) pregnancies. Glycaemic control data were most complete-available for 1217 pregnancies (88.1%), during the first trimester. Only 239 @entity1 (19.9%) had adequate pregnancy preparation, defined as pre-conception @entity1501 and first trimester HbA(1c)  <= 7% ( <= 53 mmol/mol). Serious adverse outcome rates (major @entity600 and perinatal mortality) were 55/1000 and had not improved since 2002-2003. CONCLUSIONS: A standardized data set for @entity6 in pregnancy may improve consistency of data collection and allow for more meaningful evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in @entity1 with pregestational @entity6 .

title: Development and evaluation of a standardized registry for XXXX in pregnancy using data from the Northern, North West and East Anglia regional audits.

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2209 :: ('MESH:D050497', 'Disease') :: ['stillbirth']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: It is clear that @entity19181 is a major hormonal regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis both in vitro and in vivo, and, thus, blood platelet production. Existing data show that the action, chemical nature, and immunologic properties of @entity19181 from HEK cell culture medium and either endogenously produced or exogenously administered @entity19181 from animal sources are similar, if not identical. Absolute identity, however, will require comparisons of @entity535 sequences of the two preparations. Recent studies have shown that not only does TSF potentiate the action of meg-CSF, but it also has a direct effect on precursor cells to increase the number of megakaryocytic colonies. Other in vitro work showed that TSF stimulates directly the SAChE+ precursor cells to become mature megakaryocytes and causes FMLC to differentiate into megakaryocytic colonies. In vivo, @entity73162 increases megakaryocyte size and number, it causes an elevation in the number of the SAChE+ precursor cells in @entity19 marrow and increases the maturation of megakaryocytes. Moreover, TSF increases the endomitosis of megakaryocytes in the marrow of @entity19 , along with elevating the number of megakaryocytic colonies in spleens of lethally irradiated bone marrow reconstituted @entity19 . Platelet production is also stimulated in @entity19 by TSF as evidenced by elevated isotopic incorporation into platelets; it increases platelet sizes, and when administered in high doses TSF elevates platelet counts. Full development of colonies of megakaryocytes may depend on two growth factors. It has been hypothesized that one factor, meg-CSF, is effective in clonal expansion whereas a second factor is predominately involved in the endomitotic phase of megakaryocyte development. Multifactoral regulation has been observed for the other cell lineages, and a general proposal for hematopoietic development has been outlined by Iscove. In this scheme, specificity of @entity14190 to erythroid cell lineage is indicated. Previous work, however, shows that recombinant @entity14190 can act as a meg-CSF stimulus, indicating that much is yet to be learned about the action of hematopoietic regulatory factors. Although the present study showed that TSF may in some circumstances stimulate an early cell in the megakaryocytic series, its major effect is probably on the more differentiated population, leading to maturation of megakaryocytes and platelet production.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity19181 :: (21832(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['thrombopoietin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Prolonged prehospital delay in @entity1 experiencing @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) remains a problem. Understanding which @entity1 respond best to particular interventions designed to decrease delay time would provide mechanistic insights into the process by which interventions work. METHODS: In the PROMOTION trial, 3522 at-risk @entity1 were enrolled from 5 sites in the United States (56.4%), Australia and New Zealand; 490 (N=272 intervention, N=218 control) had an acute event within 2 years. Focusing on these 490, we (1) identified predictors of a rapid response to symptoms, (2) identified intervention group subjects with a change in these predictors over 3 months of follow-up, and (3) compared intervention group @entity1 with and without the favorable response pattern. Hypothesized predictors of rapid response were increased perceived control and decreased @entity148 . Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs were hypothesized to differ between responders and non-responders. RESULTS: Contrary to hypothesis, responders had low @entity148 and low perceived control. Only 73 (26.8%) subjects showed this pattern 3 months following the intervention. No differences in @entity1187 knowledge, attitudes, or beliefs were found. CONCLUSION: The results of this study challenge existing beliefs. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: New intervention approaches that focus on a realistic decrease in @entity148 and perceived control are needed.

title: Who listens to our advice? A secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial testing an intervention designed to decrease delay in seeking treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate @entity1212 survival and identify mechanisms involved in @entity1212 @entity3885 during a 109.8 @entity1 -year experience with implanted pumps for peritoneal @entity2690 delivery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Fifty-one type I @entity6 @entity1 were recruited in feasibility studies of two models of implanted systems for peritoneal @entity2690 delivery. Both systems had a @entity1346 -coated @entity691 @entity1212 and infused Hoechst 21 PH neutral @entity2690 (U400 or U100). Catheter obstruction was suspected each time the increase of @entity2690 flow rate over 50% of usual need was insufficient to correct an impairment of glycemic control in the absence of of intercurrent factors. A laparoscopic examination was then systematically performed under general anesthesia. The disclosed material occluding the @entity1212 was submitted to a pathological analysis. By actuarial analysis, we examined the estimated effects of the potential determinants of the catheters' duration of proper operation on @entity1212 survival. RESULTS: Over an implantation duration of 25.8 +/- 14.0 months (mean +/- SD), 34 @entity1212 @entity3885 were diagnosed in 24 @entity1 , resulting in an incidence of 31 events per 100 @entity1 -years. Fifty percent survival rate of the first implanted @entity1212 was 27 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 19-32) on actuarial analysis. Six catheters were cleared under laparoscopy and 24 were replaced, while 2 systems were definitively explanted and 2 combined replacements of pump and @entity1212 were performed because of an associated pump slowdown. In five cases, an alkaline rinse procedure of the pump was necessary after @entity1212 replacement to restore usual @entity2690 needs, suggesting an associated @entity2690 aggregation in the pump. Twenty @entity3885 were due to a fibrin clot at the @entity1212 tip, and 14 @entity3885 were created by a tissue encapsulation around the @entity1212 . A previous experience of peritoneal @entity2690 infusion from portable pumps or a longer duration of @entity6 ( > 21 years) both appeared as conditions significantly reducing the time of a @entity1212 's proper operation (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) either by @entity3885 or by encapsulations. Pathological analysis of @entity1212 encapsulations showed a collagen fibrosis in all studied @entity1 (n = 11), which was associated with a lymphocytic infiltrate in five @entity1 and also with anti- @entity2690 immunoreactive @entity527 in four @entity1 . Catheter tip clots were composed of fibrinlike material, nonreactive to anti- @entity2690 antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: Catheter obstruction is a frequent adverse technical event occurring with implanted @entity2690 pumps. Progress is expected in the biocompatibility of @entity1212 material and more specifically in the stability of @entity2690 preparations to prevent immuno-inflammatory reactions and @entity2690 @entity527 that appear to be involved in @entity1212 failures.

title: Catheter complications associated with implantable systems for peritoneal XXXX delivery. An analysis of frequency, predisposing factors, and obstructing materials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposits']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstructions', 'tip obstructions']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: Proliferating cells express genes active in cell cycle control. The modulation of control genes and factors are required to maintain critical cell cycle activities. We used a set of monoclonal antibodies prepared against DNA-binding proteins from @entity8270 cells in immunofluorescent microscopy to screen for proteins showing cell cycle-specific staining patterns. Here, we report cloning and characterizing of a novel mitogen-inducible gene from @entity19 macrophages that predicts a cell cycle-specifically modulated nuclear protein of 38 kDa, designated p38-2G4. p38-2G4 displayed a speckled pattern of varying fluorescence intensity confined to the nucleus, but sparing the nucleoli. Strongly stained granules were observed between G1 and mid S phase, followed by a less abundant punctated arrangement toward the end of S phase, and negative fluorescence at the S/G2 transition. Thereafter, the nuclear staining reappeared. Additionally, p38-2G4 expression vanished in G0-arrested cells and was restored after release from growth arrest. p38-2G4 conserved in vertebrates by means of immunofluorescence data contains a number of putative phosphorylation sites, a cryptic nuclear localization signal, and an amphipathic helical domain. Our cDNA and its deduced @entity535 sequence is related to a @entity6739 gene encoding a 42-kDa protein that associates with curved DNA, suggesting that we have cloned the @entity19 homologue of the @entity6739 gene which defines a novel cell cycle-specifically modified and proliferation-associated nuclear protein in mammals.

title: Molecular cloning of a XXXX cDNA encoding a novel protein, p @entity19 G4, which varies with the cell cycle.

entities_list: @entity6739 :: ('4896', 'Species') :: ['S. pombe', 'Schizosaccharomyces pombe']

entities_list: @entity8270 :: ('MESH:D002286', 'Disease') :: ['Ehrlich ascites tumor']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: Proliferating cells express genes active in cell cycle control. The modulation of control genes and factors are required to maintain critical cell cycle activities. We used a set of monoclonal antibodies prepared against DNA-binding proteins from @entity8270 cells in immunofluorescent microscopy to screen for proteins showing cell cycle-specific staining patterns. Here, we report cloning and characterizing of a novel mitogen-inducible gene from @entity19 macrophages that predicts a cell cycle-specifically modulated nuclear protein of 38 kDa, designated p38-2G4. p38-2G4 displayed a speckled pattern of varying fluorescence intensity confined to the nucleus, but sparing the nucleoli. Strongly stained granules were observed between G1 and mid S phase, followed by a less abundant punctated arrangement toward the end of S phase, and negative fluorescence at the S/G2 transition. Thereafter, the nuclear staining reappeared. Additionally, p38-2G4 expression vanished in G0-arrested cells and was restored after release from growth arrest. p38-2G4 conserved in vertebrates by means of immunofluorescence data contains a number of putative phosphorylation sites, a cryptic nuclear localization signal, and an amphipathic helical domain. Our cDNA and its deduced @entity535 sequence is related to a @entity6739 gene encoding a 42-kDa protein that associates with curved DNA, suggesting that we have cloned the @entity19 homologue of the @entity6739 gene which defines a novel cell cycle-specifically modified and proliferation-associated nuclear protein in mammals.

title: Molecular cloning of a @entity19 cDNA encoding a novel protein, p XXXX G4, which varies with the cell cycle.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['38-2']


abstract: @entity19562 ( @entity19562 ) belongs to the neurotrophin family, which also includes nerve growth factor, @entity2252 , and @entity19563 /5. @entity19562 mRNA is widely expressed in the rodent nervous system, but the physiological function of the native protein is still unclear. Genetically modified cell lines that produce physiological amounts of @entity19562 can provide a useful tool in the elucidation of the @entity19562 effects in the adult central nervous system (CNS). Genetically modified @entity35 primary skin fibroblasts expressing and secreting @entity1 @entity19562 ( @entity14840 ) were prepared and characterized. In vitro, cell lines derived from different retroviral constructs expressed @entity14840 mRNA, as determined by PCR and RNA blot analysis. Secretion of biologically active @entity14840 was confirmed by specific elicitation of neurite outgrowth from cultured @entity1573 primary sympathetic and sensory neurons and from @entity35 fetal locus coeruleus neurons in the presence of @entity14840 -producing cell conditioned media. In vivo, implanted fibroblasts survived well up to the maximal experimental time points of 6 weeks (brain) and 4 weeks (spinal cord) and continued to express @entity14840 mRNA in vivo. As early as 2 weeks postgrafting, specific sprouting of host sensory neurites in response to @entity14840 -producing grafts was observed in the spinal cord. In contrast, @entity14840 -producing cerebral grafts did not induce a sprouting response different from that observed with control grafts. These findings establish the existence of a regionally different responsiveness of the CNS axons to local @entity14840 overexpression.

title: Regional differences in responsiveness of adult CNS axons to grafts of cells expressing @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['brain-derived neurotrophic factor']

answer: @entity19562 :: (4908,Gene) :: ['neurotrophin 3']


abstract: @entity19562 ( @entity19562 ) belongs to the neurotrophin family, which also includes nerve growth factor, @entity2252 , and @entity19563 /5. @entity19562 mRNA is widely expressed in the rodent nervous system, but the physiological function of the native protein is still unclear. Genetically modified cell lines that produce physiological amounts of @entity19562 can provide a useful tool in the elucidation of the @entity19562 effects in the adult central nervous system (CNS). Genetically modified @entity35 primary skin fibroblasts expressing and secreting @entity1 @entity19562 ( @entity14840 ) were prepared and characterized. In vitro, cell lines derived from different retroviral constructs expressed @entity14840 mRNA, as determined by PCR and RNA blot analysis. Secretion of biologically active @entity14840 was confirmed by specific elicitation of neurite outgrowth from cultured @entity1573 primary sympathetic and sensory neurons and from @entity35 fetal locus coeruleus neurons in the presence of @entity14840 -producing cell conditioned media. In vivo, implanted fibroblasts survived well up to the maximal experimental time points of 6 weeks (brain) and 4 weeks (spinal cord) and continued to express @entity14840 mRNA in vivo. As early as 2 weeks postgrafting, specific sprouting of host sensory neurites in response to @entity14840 -producing grafts was observed in the spinal cord. In contrast, @entity14840 -producing cerebral grafts did not induce a sprouting response different from that observed with control grafts. These findings establish the existence of a regionally different responsiveness of the CNS axons to local @entity14840 overexpression.

title: Regional differences in responsiveness of adult CNS axons to grafts of cells expressing XXXX @entity19562 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the benefit of percutaneous interventional management of @entity1 with postoperative @entity1157 on clinical outcome. Primary study endpoints were closure of the @entity1157 and duration of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) treatment. Secondary study endpoints were necessity of additional CT-guided drainage catheter placement, course of serum CRP level as parameter for @entity32 , and @entity1 ' survival. METHODS: Between January 2004 and April 2008, all @entity1 who underwent PTBD placement after upper gastrointestinal surgery were analyzed regarding site of @entity1157 and previous attempt of operative @entity1157 repair, interval between initial surgery and PTBD placement, procedural interventional management, course of @entity32 parameters, duration of PTBD therapy, PTBD-related complications, and @entity1 ' survival. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 underwent PTBD placement for treatment of @entity86 . In 12 @entity1 (40%), PTBD was performed secondary to a surgical attempt of @entity1157 repair. Additional percutaneous @entity5173 was performed in 14 @entity1 (47%). CRP serum level decreased from 138.1    73.4 mg/l before PTBD placement to 43.5    33.4 mg/l 30 days after PTBD placement. The mean duration of @entity14063 treatment was 55.2    32.5 days in the surviving @entity1 . In one @entity1 , a delayed @entity850 of the bile duct required @entity384 . Two PTBD-related complications ( @entity292 , @entity99 ) occurred, which were successfully treated by embolization. Overall survival was 73% (22 @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: PTBD treatment is an effective therapy. PTBD treatment and additional CT-guided @entity5173 helped to reduce intraabdominal @entity32 , as shown by @entity32 parameters.

title: Percutaneous management of XXXX after upper gastrointestinal surgery.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'reduction of inflammation']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['drainage of bilomas']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['portobiliary fistula']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative bile leaks']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic artery aneurysm']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative bile leaks']


abstract: We report the case of a 45-year-old Colombian female with a 3-month history of @entity10 , @entity448 , @entity1295 , and @entity892 in addition to left @entity2103 2  weeks prior to presentation. On examination, visual fields and fundi were normal, but left abducens and @entity2103 were noted. An MRI scan disclosed a sellar mass with suprasellar but neither parasellar nor retrosellar extension. The mass was interpreted as a @entity977 and resected via the transsphenoidal approach. Histologic examination revealed @entity39 in a background of normal pituitary gland tissue. The differential diagnosis includes @entity378 , @entity370 , @entity364 , syphilis, granulomatous @entity792 , @entity1222 , and @entity10630 . Staining for tubercle bacilli (acid fast and fite) as well as for fungi (GMS) was negative and PCR for mycobacteria showed the same result. Postoperative empiric treatment with antituberculous medication resulted in resolution of the @entity129 within a 1  month. The diagnosis of inflammatory/infectious @entity738 can be difficult to diagnose preoperatively and occasionally even postoperatively. A high index of suspicion should be maintained especially in those @entity1 with a history of a @entity262 or in regions endemic in granulomatous @entity166 .

title: Necrotizing XXXX presenting as a sellar mass.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve palsies']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous hypophysitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing granulomas']

entities_list: @entity1222 :: ('MESH:D006646', 'Disease') :: ['Langerhans cell histiocytosis']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve palsies', 'facial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity10630 :: ('MESH:D031249', 'Disease') :: ['Erdheim-Chester disease']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic granulomatous disease']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumor']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune hypophysitis']

answer: @entity738 :: (MESH:D006099,Disease) :: ['granulomatous hypophysitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Sulcus-deepening trochleoplasty restores the trochlear groove in @entity1 with patellofemoral instability and underlying @entity6125 . There are types of @entity1141 both with (B and D) and without (A and C) a supratrochlear spur. The aim of this study was to identify influencing factors for the clinical outcome following trochleoplasty. METHODS: Forty-four knees in 38 @entity1 who underwent trochleoplasty for instability (type A in 9, B in 15, C in 9 and D in 11 knees) were assessed clinically with the Kujala score and radiologically with radiographs and MRI. The median follow-up was 4 (2-7.8) years. RESULTS: At follow-up, the median Kujala score had improved from 68 (29-84) to 90 (42-100) points (P  <  0.001). Instability (P  <  0.001) and @entity158 (P  =  0.027) decreased significantly, but in 3 knees, @entity158 was worse postoperatively. Twenty-seven knees were ranked as excellent, 10 as good, 2 as fair and 5 as poor. Overall, @entity1141 types B and D benefited more from surgery than types A and C. The postoperative MRI revealed no @entity39 , but deterioration of cartilage on the lateral trochlear facet was identified. CONCLUSION: Trochleoplasty is a useful and reliable surgical technique to improve patellofemoral instability in @entity1 with a @entity10460 . While improved stability is predictable, @entity158 is less predictable and may even increase following surgery. The overall results were directly dependent on the type of the @entity1141 , with a significantly better clinical outcome in type B and D. The clinical relevance of this study is that severe @entity1141 can successfully be treated with trochleoplasty. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

title: Classification of XXXX as predictor of clinical outcome after trochleoplasty.

entities_list: @entity10460 :: ('MESH:C566022', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic trochlea']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['chondrolysis or subchondral necrosis']

entities_list: @entity6125 :: ('MESH:D020432', 'Disease') :: ['trochlear dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity6125 :: (MESH:D020432,Disease) :: ['trochlear dysplasia']


abstract: CASE: A 41-year-old @entity1 survived @entity99 by treatment with fluid resuscitation, blood transfusion, thoracotomy, and transcatheter hepatic artery embolization. The @entity1 was transferred to our hospital 46 minutes after his motorbike struck a station wagon from behind. @entity548 with systolic blood pressure of 68 mmHg was observed. He showed nonresponse to 20-minute intravenous infusion of 1,500 mL of lactated Ringer's solution. The initial plain chest radiograph showed mediastinal deviation to the left, radio-opacity of the right lower lobe, and decreased radiolucency of the right thorax. Rapid drainage of 800 mL of blood through a right chest tube led to a diagnosis of a @entity358 of the right lower lobe. Abdominal computed tomography revealed another deep laceration affecting 40% of the liver. A right lower lobectomy of the lung was performed at 169 minutes after arrival. After the thoracotomy,transcatheter arterial embolization of the right hepatic artery was performed. The @entity1 was discharged on hospital day 57. CONCLUSION: Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are necessary to save @entity1 with multiple, severe @entity1913 . Advanced @entity130 Life Support (ATLS) guidelines should be adhered to for appropriate early treatment of @entity1 with severe @entity130 .

title: Life-saving treatment by fluid resuscitation and a thoracotomy in a case of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['deep pulmonary laceration']

entities_list: @entity1913 :: ('MESH:D014949', 'Disease') :: ['blunt injuries']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['deep pulmonary and hepatic lacerations']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['deep pulmonary laceration']


abstract: @entity244 is characterized by three major disorders of spatial analysis: fixed gaze or psychic @entity912 , simultagnosia, and @entity2055 or misreaching. Most @entity1 with @entity244 generally do not show all three of these signs. The authors herein reported the more than four-year clinical course of a case (a 43-year-old @entity1 ) with @entity244 presenting these three disorders. The @entity1 also had a mild type of conduction @entity2026 , but his attentional, intellectual and memory functions were well preserved. SPECT showed @entity1779 in the bilateral parieto-occipital areas. Whereas rehabilitative intervention with process specific approach for the @entity73 seemed to be significantly ineffective, a functional adaptation approach successfully promoted the @entity1 's social participation. However, the present @entity1 could not help having to resign from his job. Additionally, double impairment of visual (including @entity2055 ) and language functions made it impossible for him to obtain a new work. Like the present case, those who have a higher @entity75 , but retain good physical ability can hardly receive the benefit of the social welfare system in Japan. Legislation addressing this problem is a matter of great urgency.

title: Rehabilitative intervention and social participation of a case with @entity244 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired visual cognition']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Balint's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoperfusion']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['optic ataxia']

answer: @entity2026 :: (MESH:D001037,Disease) :: ['aphasia']