abstract: BACKGROUND: Short-term results are presented from our first year of experience with transcatheter @entity886 [corrected] (TAVI) at the University Hospital of North Norway. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TAVI was used to treat 25 @entity1 with @entity472 [corrected] from September 2008 to August 2009. 25 @entity1 operated with conventional aortic valve replacement (AVR) served as controls. RESULTS: The TAVI group had a significantly higher EuroSCORE (p < 0.001) than the AVR group. No @entity1 in the TAVI group were treated in the intensive care unit while those in the AVR group received 38 days of intensive care in total. The TAVI group had shorter operating times (p < 0.001), larger mean valve sizes (p < 0.001) and significantly fewer postoperative transfusions (p < 0.001) than the ACR group. Peri-operative @entity64 and @entity583 did not occur in the TAVI group while there was one incidence of @entity64 and one @entity583 in the AVR group. The postoperative transvalvular mean gradient decreased in both groups (p < 0.001) and was significantly lower in the TAVI group (p = 0.001). The NYHA class improved significantly in the TAVI group (p < 0.001). No @entity1 needed implantation of a permanent pacemaker. 30-day mortality was four @entity1 in the AVR group and one @entity1 in the TAVI group. After discharge one @entity1 died in each group. INTERPRETATION: TAVI is safe and effective for selected @entity1 with @entity472 [corrected] who are assessed as high risk for AVR. Long-term results are needed and will be decisive for use of this approach in the future.

title: Transcatheter XXXX for @entity472 .

answer: @entity886 :: (MESH:C563178,Disease) :: ['aortic-valve implantation']


abstract: Previous results following subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery were reported to be worse in post-thrombotic syndrome than in limbs with primary @entity340 . This report comprises a larger @entity1 cohort with longer follow-up. The goal of this study was to determine if subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery is justified in @entity1 with post-thrombotic @entity4096 . The clinical data of 91 consecutive @entity1 who underwent subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery with or without superficial reflux ablation over a 7-year period from May 1993 to June 2000 were retrospectively analyzed. Fifty-four females and 37 males (median age, 53 years; range, 20-77) underwent 103 subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery procedures. Forty-two limbs were classified as C6 (active @entity1066 ), 34 as C5 (healed @entity1066 ), and 24 as C4 ( @entity4165 ). Thirty procedures were performed in post-thrombotic limbs. Concomitant superficial reflux ablation was performed in 74 limbs (72%); saphenous vein stripping had been previously performed in 29 (28%). Deep @entity1211 was present in 89% of limbs; 13% had venous outflow obstruction on plethysmography. Cumulative @entity1066 in post-thrombotic limbs was not significantly different from limbs with primary @entity340 ; 30-, 60-, and 90-day healing rates were 44%, 72%, and 72% vs 39%, 70%, and 87%, respectively (p = 0.35). On univariate analysis, the presence of @entity1066 greater than 2 cm in diameter was associated with delayed @entity1066 (p = 0.02). Cumulative @entity1066 in all limbs was 4%, 20%, and 27% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Ulcer recurrence in post-thrombotic limbs was higher than in limbs with primary @entity340 at 1, 3, and 5 years; 16%, 47%, and 56% vs 0%, 8%, and 15%, respectively (p = 0.001). Recurrent @entity1066 were small, superficial, and easier to heal. Clinical improvement was significant even in post-thrombotic limbs; median clinical score decreased from 9.5 to 3 (p = 0.001), and median outcome score was +2 (mean 1.9; range, -1 to 3). Median clinical score in @entity1 with primary @entity340 improved from 6 to 1.5 (p = 0.0001). Subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery with superficial reflux ablation promoted @entity1066 , improved clinical outcome, and resulted in a low long-term @entity1066 rate in limbs with primary @entity340 . Despite good clinical outcome in post-thrombotic limbs, @entity1066 was high. These results imply that the role of subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery with superficial reflux ablation in @entity1 with post-thrombotic limbs continues to be controversial.

title: Subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery in @entity1 with post-thrombotic XXXX --is it justified?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer healing', 'ulcer recurrence', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity4165 :: ('MESH:C537026', 'Disease') :: ['lipodermatosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['venous insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular incompetence']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous incompetence']

answer: @entity4096 :: (MESH:D014689,Disease) :: ['venous insufficiency']


abstract: Previous results following subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery were reported to be worse in post-thrombotic syndrome than in limbs with primary @entity340 . This report comprises a larger @entity1 cohort with longer follow-up. The goal of this study was to determine if subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery is justified in @entity1 with post-thrombotic @entity4096 . The clinical data of 91 consecutive @entity1 who underwent subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery with or without superficial reflux ablation over a 7-year period from May 1993 to June 2000 were retrospectively analyzed. Fifty-four females and 37 males (median age, 53 years; range, 20-77) underwent 103 subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery procedures. Forty-two limbs were classified as C6 (active @entity1066 ), 34 as C5 (healed @entity1066 ), and 24 as C4 ( @entity4165 ). Thirty procedures were performed in post-thrombotic limbs. Concomitant superficial reflux ablation was performed in 74 limbs (72%); saphenous vein stripping had been previously performed in 29 (28%). Deep @entity1211 was present in 89% of limbs; 13% had venous outflow obstruction on plethysmography. Cumulative @entity1066 in post-thrombotic limbs was not significantly different from limbs with primary @entity340 ; 30-, 60-, and 90-day healing rates were 44%, 72%, and 72% vs 39%, 70%, and 87%, respectively (p = 0.35). On univariate analysis, the presence of @entity1066 greater than 2 cm in diameter was associated with delayed @entity1066 (p = 0.02). Cumulative @entity1066 in all limbs was 4%, 20%, and 27% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Ulcer recurrence in post-thrombotic limbs was higher than in limbs with primary @entity340 at 1, 3, and 5 years; 16%, 47%, and 56% vs 0%, 8%, and 15%, respectively (p = 0.001). Recurrent @entity1066 were small, superficial, and easier to heal. Clinical improvement was significant even in post-thrombotic limbs; median clinical score decreased from 9.5 to 3 (p = 0.001), and median outcome score was +2 (mean 1.9; range, -1 to 3). Median clinical score in @entity1 with primary @entity340 improved from 6 to 1.5 (p = 0.0001). Subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery with superficial reflux ablation promoted @entity1066 , improved clinical outcome, and resulted in a low long-term @entity1066 rate in limbs with primary @entity340 . Despite good clinical outcome in post-thrombotic limbs, @entity1066 was high. These results imply that the role of subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery with superficial reflux ablation in @entity1 with post-thrombotic limbs continues to be controversial.

title: Subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery in XXXX with post-thrombotic @entity4096 --is it justified?

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Study Design Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Background The use of external supports has been questioned because they may lead to weakness in the surrounding muscles. To our knowledge, there is no investigation into the effect of knee supports or braces on quadriceps muscle strength and quadriceps inhibition in individuals with @entity4518 . Objective To investigate the effects of a flexible knee support on quadriceps maximum @entity2472 (MVC) and @entity121 ( @entity121 ) in @entity1 with @entity4518 ( @entity4518 ). Methods 108 @entity1 were included with at least 3 months of @entity158 and a K-L score 2 or 3 for @entity4518 . Each was randomized to wear a flexible knee support ('brace') or no support ('no brace') in a 6 weeks RCT, after which followed an open label trial with all @entity1 wearing the brace for a total of 12 weeks. At the 6 and 12 weeks' time points quadriceps MVC was measured isometrically and quadriceps @entity121 was measured by twitch interpolation. Results After 6 weeks, MVC did not differ between the 'brace' and 'no brace' group (9.09Nm; 95% CI -4.89Nm to 23.07Nm, p = 0.20). @entity121 significantly decreased in the brace group (-8.62%; 95% CI -13.90 to -3.33%, p = 0.002). After 12 weeks of all @entity1 wearing a flexible knee support, MVC increased by 7.98Nm (95% CI 2.52Nm to 13.45Nm, p = 0.004). @entity121 decreased by -8.42% (95% CI -11.48% to -5.36%; p<0.001).). Although statistically significant, these results have doubtful clinical significance. Conclusion A patellofemoral flexible knee support in @entity1 with @entity4518 does not have an @entity2472 or @entity121 . Using a knee support should not be discouraged because of concerns about deleterious effects on quadriceps strength and inhibition. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 10 Nov 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.5093.

title: The Effect of Knee Braces on Quadriceps Strength and Inhibition in Subjects With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4518 :: ('MESH:D046788', 'Disease') :: ['PFJOA', 'patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['patellofemoral pain']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'arthrogenous muscle inhibition']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary contraction', 'adverse effect on quadriceps MVC']

answer: @entity4518 :: (MESH:D046788,Disease) :: ['Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis']


abstract: Dissociated single cells from @entity1573 retina or tectum kept in rotation-mediated cell culture aggregate, proliferate and establish a certain degree of histotypical cell-to-cell relationships ("sorting out"), but these systems never form highly laminated aggregates ("nonstratified" R- and T-aggregates). In contrast, a mixture of retinal plus pigment epithelial cells forms highly "stratified" aggregates ("RPE-aggregates", see Vollmer et al. 1984). The present comparative study of "stratified" and "nonstratified" aggregates enables us to investigate the process of cell proliferation uncoupled from that of tissue stratification. Here we try to relate these two basic neurogenetic processes with patterns of expression of cholinesterases ( @entity13522 , @entity33589 ) during formation of both types of aggregates. During early aggregate formation, in both "stratified" and "nonstratified" aggregates an increased butyrylcholinesterase activity is observed close to mitotically active cells. Quantitatively both phenomena show their maxima after 2-3 days in culture. In contrast, @entity13522 -expression in all systems increases with incubation time. In nonproliferative areas, in the center of RPE-aggregates, the formation of plexiform layers is characterized initially by weak @entity33589 - and then strong @entity13522 -activity. These areas correspond with the inner (IPL) and outer (OPL) plexiform layers of the retina in vivo. Although by @entity969 gradient centrifugation we find that the 6S- and the fiber-associated 11S-molecules of @entity13522 are present in all types of aggregates, during the culture period the ratio of 11S/6S-forms increases only in RPE-aggregates, which again indicates the advanced degree of differentiation within these aggregates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cholinesterases and cell proliferation in "nonstratified" and "stratified" cell aggregates from XXXX retina and tectum.

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Environmental @entity286 smoke (ETS) exposure levels in different restaurant types in Finland were assessed before the National @entity286 Act restricting smoking in restaurants was activated. METHODS: Exposure to ETS was determined by measuring @entity1239 in the breathing zone of non-smoking restaurant workers and by quantification of the @entity1239 metabolites @entity4874 and @entity5943 in the urine of these workers during one whole work week. Altogether 23 workers from 15 restaurants were included in the study. RESULTS: The geometric mean (GM) breathing-zone @entity1239 level was 3.9 microg/m(3) (3.7 microg/m(3) in pubs, 1.4 microg/m(3) in dining restaurants, and 10.2 microg/m(3) in nightclubs). The GM @entity4874 and @entity5943 level in urine were 3.3 ng/mg(( @entity1011 )) and 15.3 ng/mg(( @entity1011 )), respectively. The exposure to ETS of restaurant workers in dining restaurants was clearly lower than that of workers in pubs and nightclubs as indicated by all ETS-markers used in the present study. During the work week, the @entity4874 and @entity5943 levels in urine of the study subjects increased. The correlation between breathing zone @entity1239 and urine @entity4874 and @entity5943 was 0.66 for both compounds. Post-shift @entity4874 and @entity5943 levels were not significantly higher than the pre-shift levels. CONCLUSIONS: If 9 ng @entity4874 /mg(( @entity1011 )) is considered as the level above which heavy exposure has occurred, then this level was exceeded by 14 (approximately 60%) subjects at least once during the work week. @entity1239 metabolite concentrations in the urine increased during the work week in 80% of the subjects, and the increase was especially noticeable for subjects working in both pubs and nightclubs. The study indicates that measures to restrict ETS exposure in restaurants are needed.

title: Occupational exposure of non-smoking restaurant personnel to environmental XXXX smoke in Finland.

entities_list: @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['tobacco', 'Tobacco']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['Nicotine', 'nicotine']

entities_list: @entity4874 :: ('MESH:D003367', 'Chemical') :: ['cotinine']

entities_list: @entity5943 :: ('MESH:C001381', 'Chemical') :: ["3'-hydroxycotinine", '3-hydroxycotinine', "trans-3'-hydroxycotinine", 'hydroxycotinine']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: Testicular development was studied in @entity13190 (tree-shrew) from birth to sexual maturity. At birth the seminiferous cords contained peripheral supporting cells and centrally located gonocytes. Large foetal Leydig cells were prominent in the interstitium. The mitotic index of the gonocytes was low at birth and rose to peak levels at Day 20, following the regression of the foetal generation of Leydig cells, and during the nadir in circulating @entity251 concentrations. Mitotic activity returned to low levels at Day 30 in association with the reappearance of differentiated Leydig cells and the first signs of increased androgenesis. The negative temporal relationship between mitogenesis and androgenic function suggests that the proliferation of the gonocytes does not require, and may be inhibited by, high titres of @entity3800 . Post-mitotic development of the gonocytes occurred during a period of rising @entity251 levels, and the first appearance of spermatogonia coincided with peak @entity251 levels. This indicates that @entity3800 may be specifically involved in the initiation of spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis progressed to completion during a phase of declining @entity251 levels. The precise temporal correlations established during post-natal development suggest that the tree-shrew is a suitable animal model for studies on the endocrine control of the initiation of spermatogenesis in primates.

title: Postnatal differentiation of the gametogenic and endocrine functions of the testis in the tree-shrew ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity13190 :: ('37347', 'Species') :: ['Tupaia belangeri']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

answer: @entity13190 :: (37347,Species) :: ['Tupaia belangeri']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity472 ( @entity10090 ) is an established predictor of perioperative @entity532 following both cardiac and non-cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of mortality and perioperative @entity532 among surgically treated @entity173 in elderly @entity1 with moderate or severe @entity10090 compared to those without @entity10090 (negative controls). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective case-controlled review (1:2) of elderly (>= 65 years) surgically treated @entity173 from 2011 to 2015 with moderate/severe @entity10090 (according to American Heart @entity10090 ) was conducted. @entity260 rates, 30 days and 1 year mortality were reviewed. RESULTS: Moderate/severe @entity10090 was identified in 65 @entity173 cases and compared to 129 negative controls. @entity10090 cases were significantly older with higher rates of @entity453 and @entity955 (p<0.05). Rates of any 30-day perioperative complication (74% vs. 37%, p<0.001) and severe non-cardiac 30-day perioperative complication (52% vs. 26%, p=0.002) were significantly higher among @entity10090 cases compared to controls. Kaplan Meier estimates of 30-day mortality (14.7% vs. 4.2%, p<0.001) and 1-year mortality (46.8% vs. 14.1%, p<0.001) were significantly higher in @entity10090 cases compared to controls. Multivariate analysis of severe 30-day postoperative @entity532 identified moderate/severe @entity10090 (OR 4.02, p=0.001), @entity358 (OR 7.36, p=0.002) and @entity8 (OR 3.27, p=0.04) as independent predictors. Moderate/severe @entity10090 (OR 3.38, p=0.03), @entity955 (OR 3.73, p=0.03) and @entity8 (OR 4.44, p=0.02) were independent predictors of 30-day mortality. Moderate/severe @entity10090 (OR 5.79, p<0.001) and @entity8 (OR 3.39, p=0.02) were independent predictors of 1-year mortality. CONCLUSION: @entity472 is associated with a significantly increased risk of perioperative @entity532 , 30-day mortality and 1-year mortality in elderly @entity1 undergoing surgical treatment of @entity173 .

title: The effect of XXXX on elderly @entity173 outcomes: A case control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity10090 :: ('MESH:D018886', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'Association criteria']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['complications']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures', 'hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity472 ( @entity10090 ) is an established predictor of perioperative @entity532 following both cardiac and non-cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of mortality and perioperative @entity532 among surgically treated @entity173 in elderly @entity1 with moderate or severe @entity10090 compared to those without @entity10090 (negative controls). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective case-controlled review (1:2) of elderly (>= 65 years) surgically treated @entity173 from 2011 to 2015 with moderate/severe @entity10090 (according to American Heart @entity10090 ) was conducted. @entity260 rates, 30 days and 1 year mortality were reviewed. RESULTS: Moderate/severe @entity10090 was identified in 65 @entity173 cases and compared to 129 negative controls. @entity10090 cases were significantly older with higher rates of @entity453 and @entity955 (p<0.05). Rates of any 30-day perioperative complication (74% vs. 37%, p<0.001) and severe non-cardiac 30-day perioperative complication (52% vs. 26%, p=0.002) were significantly higher among @entity10090 cases compared to controls. Kaplan Meier estimates of 30-day mortality (14.7% vs. 4.2%, p<0.001) and 1-year mortality (46.8% vs. 14.1%, p<0.001) were significantly higher in @entity10090 cases compared to controls. Multivariate analysis of severe 30-day postoperative @entity532 identified moderate/severe @entity10090 (OR 4.02, p=0.001), @entity358 (OR 7.36, p=0.002) and @entity8 (OR 3.27, p=0.04) as independent predictors. Moderate/severe @entity10090 (OR 3.38, p=0.03), @entity955 (OR 3.73, p=0.03) and @entity8 (OR 4.44, p=0.02) were independent predictors of 30-day mortality. Moderate/severe @entity10090 (OR 5.79, p<0.001) and @entity8 (OR 3.39, p=0.02) were independent predictors of 1-year mortality. CONCLUSION: @entity472 is associated with a significantly increased risk of perioperative @entity532 , 30-day mortality and 1-year mortality in elderly @entity1 undergoing surgical treatment of @entity173 .

title: The effect of @entity472 on elderly XXXX outcomes: A case control study.

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip fracture']


abstract: Fluorescently labeled heavy meromyosin, @entity8859 , and @entity10274 were used to localize actin, @entity8859 , and @entity10274 , respectively, in permeabilized and living cells during the process of stress fiber reassembly, which occurred when cells were removed from @entity855 -depleting medium (20 mM @entity4627 and 10 mM @entity897 ). In 80% of the cells recovering from @entity855 depletion, small, scattered plaques containing actin, @entity8859 , and @entity10274 were replaced by long, thin, periodic fibers within 5 minutes of removal of the inhibitors. These nascent stress fibers grew broader as recovery progressed, until they attained the thickness of stress fibers in control cells. In the other 20% of the cells, the scattered plaques aggregated within 5 minutes of reversal, and almost all the actin, @entity8859 , and @entity10274 in the cells became localized in one perinuclear aggregate, with a diameter of approximately 15-25 micron. As recovery progressed, all aggregates resembled rings, with diameters that increased at about 0.5 micron/minute and grew to as large as 70 micron in some giant cells. As the size of the rings increased, fibers radiated outward from them and sometimes spanned the diameter of the rings. The shape of the cells did not change during this time. By 1 hour after reversal, the rings were no longer present and all cells had networks of stress fibers. Indirect immunofluorescence techniques used to localize tubulin and @entity2277 indicated that microtubules and intermediate filaments were not constituents of the rings, and the rings were not closely apposed to the substrate, judging from reflection contrast optics. The rapid rearrangement of attachment plaques into a perinuclear aggregate that spreads radially in the cytoplasm occurs at the same speed as fibroblast and chromosomal movement, but is unlike other types of intracytoplasmic motility.

title: Stress fiber reformation after XXXX depletion.

entities_list: @entity4627 :: ('MESH:D019810', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium azide']

entities_list: @entity897 :: ('MESH:D003847', 'Chemical') :: ['2-deoxyglucose']

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['ATP']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Bethesda System of cervical cytologic findings introduced the term @entity10479 ( @entity10479 ) to cover the broad zone separating normal cytomorphology from definitive @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ). The management of @entity1 with @entity10479 is particularly problematic as approximately 10% of @entity10479 @entity1 develop SIL and 1 per 1000 develop @entity2622 . METHODS: Our aim was to demonstrate the combined use of polymerase chain reaction for @entity1082 ) typing and laser scanning cytometry for DNA content measurements in the subcategorization of @entity10479 cases according to the risk for progression toward @entity5 . Liquid- based monolayer preparation (ThinPrep, Cytyc, Boston, MA) of the cytologic material was used for cytomorphologic analysis. DNA content measurements using laser scanning cytometry and direct sequencing of HPV using the consensus primers GP5+/GP6+ and MY09/MY11 were performed from the same material. RESULTS: Twelve of the 44 cases (27.2%) with @entity10479 carried a high-risk HPV genome whereas only 3 of the 195 normal control cases (1.5%) showed positivity for a high-risk HPV genome. Six of 12 (50%) of the high-risk HPV-positive @entity10479 cases presented isolated cells with a DNA content above 5c, whereas cells with a DNA content above 9c were found in 3 of 12 cases (25%) and were exclusively found in combination with high-risk HPV @entity281 . In these three cases, the histologic follow-up resulted in @entity3146 (one case) and @entity3146 (two cases). None of the other @entity10479 or normal cases displayed DNA aneuploidy above 9c. They returned to normal cytology (within normal limits/benign cellular changes) in the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1082 typing and DNA content measurements may delineate a distinct group of @entity10479 . Our preliminary data suggest that @entity10479 cases with high-risk HPV positivity and with rare cells with abnormally high DNA content represent similar biologic features as high-grade SIL and are at elevated risk to develop @entity5 .

title: Determination of features indicating progression in atypical squamous cells with undetermined significance: XXXX typing and DNA ploidy analysis from liquid-based cytologic samples.

entities_list: @entity10479 :: ('MESH:D065309', 'Disease') :: ['ASCUS', 'atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human papillomavirus', 'human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity2784 :: ('MESH:D065310', 'Disease') :: ['SILs', 'squamous intraepithelial lesions']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I', 'CIN III']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2783 is a term used to describe a group of diseases in which there is an extracellular deposition of amorphous fibrillar proteins known as amyloid. The aim of this study was to present clinicopathological data from eight oral @entity2783 @entity1 and a deep review of the literature about the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted based on the records of oral @entity2783 @entity1 diagnosed in our institution between 1978 and 2012. The clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with anti-kappa and anti-lambda light chain antibodies were carried out and analyzed. RESULTS: Eight @entity1 were diagnosed with the disease; the tongue and @entity1 in their sixth decade of life were mostly affected. All lesions demonstrated apple-green birefringence and immunoreactivity for kappa-light chain, and four cases also showed lambda positivity. According to our series, four cases were diagnosed with @entity2783 and four with @entity1582 . Prognosis for the systemic ones was gloomy, but good for the localized ones, which was characterized by a slow pattern of deposition without evolution to systemic involvement. CONCLUSIONS: This study reinforces our knowledge about predilections, outcomes, and the importance of making a correct and quick diagnosis of @entity2783 and shows the necessity of more studies detailing @entity2783 predilection on a global scale. The importance and utility of IHC in the typing of the biochemical nature of @entity527 are becoming increasingly necessary for proper management of the @entity1 . Correct classification of the type of amyloid is important for treatment consequences. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This article highlights the clinicopathological data of @entity1 with @entity2783 affecting oral tissues and compare these new findings with other worldwide descriptions. Because of its rarity, such data are often unfamiliar to most clinicians and pathologists.

title: Involvement of oral tissues by XXXX : a literature review and report of eight new cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['systemic amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposits']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis-affected', 'Amyloidosis', 'oral amyloidosis', 'localized amyloidosis', 'amyloidosis']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['AL amyloidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1252 is an autoimmune disease of multifactorial etiology with genetic predisposition. Its pathogenesis involved more than 100 genes. @entity11707 gene can mediate various functions such as their costimulatory activity in the clonal expansion of T cells. The single nucleotide polymorphism, resulting in a non-conservative replacement of @entity3929 to @entity4857 (CD24v) precedes immediately GPI anchorage site (position   -1), determines @entity11707 loss activity. CD24v has been associated with @entity15 and @entity1252 in other populations. OBJECTIVE: To find the presence of CD24v in Mexican @entity1 with @entity1252 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: A study of fenotyping of @entity11707 v included 65 subjects, 32 cases ( @entity1252 ): 28 @entity1 and 4 @entity1 ; and 32 controls: 9 @entity1 and 23 @entity1 ; cases and controls from @entity1 with @entity1252 in National Medical Center 20 de Noviembre ISSSTE, Mexico City, services of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology. RESULTS: In cases, 19 @entity1 had a wild homozygous genotype, 12 were heterozygous and only one @entity1 showed homozygous polymorphism. In controls, 17 showed wild heterozygous genotypes; 14 were heterozygous and 1 was found to be polymorphic homozygote. With odds ratio: 0.84 and chi-squared of 0.17; therefore there was no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Study population showed that there is no statistically significant difference between @entity1252 cases and controls with respect to the presence of CD24v.

title: [ XXXX and CD24v].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematous', 'Systemic lupus erythematous']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['Systemic lupus erythematous']


abstract: Current developments in tissue engineering and microtechnology fields allow the use of microfluidic biochip as microtools for in vitro investigations. In the present study, we describe the behavior of HepG2/ @entity4417 cells cultivated in a @entity13768 ( @entity16549 ) microfluidic biochip coupled to a perfusion system. Cell culture in the microfluidic biochip for 96 h including 72 h of perfusion provoked a 24 h delay in cell growth compared to plate cultures. Inside the microfluidic biochip, few apoptosis, and @entity39 were detected along the culture and 3D cell organization was observed. Regarding the hepatic metabolism, @entity413 and @entity1160 consumptions as well as albumin synthesis were maintained. A transcriptomic analysis performed at 96 h of culture using Affymetrix GeneChip demonstrated that 1,025 genes with a fold change above 1.8 were statistically differentially expressed in the microfluidic biochip cultures compared to plate cultures. Among those genes, phase I enzymes involved in the xenobiotic's metabolism such as the cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A1/2, 2B6, 3A4, 3A5, and 3A7 were up-regulated. The @entity4187 /2 up-regulation was associated with the appearance of @entity4187 /2's activity evidenced by using EROD biotransformation assay. Several phase II enzymes such as sulfotransferases ( @entity4913 and @entity36963 ), @entity858 -glucuronyltransferase ( @entity6912 , @entity22642 ) and phase III transporters (such as @entity1262 , @entity7737 ) were also up-regulated. In conclusion, microfluidic biochip could and provide an important insight to exploring the xenobiotic's metabolism. Altogether, these results suggest that this kind of biochip could be considered as a new pertinent tool for predicting cell @entity137 and clearance of xenobiotics in vitro.

title: Improvement of HepG2/ XXXX cell functions in a microfluidic biochip.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity13768 :: ('MESH:C013830', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(dimethylsiloxane)']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity4417 :: (718,Gene) :: ['C3a']


abstract: PURPOSE: We examined whether bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) could induce antitumor immunity when a chemotherapeutic drug was added. METHODS: CT26 (a @entity19 @entity694 cell line syngeneic with BALB/c) and CT26-bearing @entity19 were treated with @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) intraperitoneally (i.p.). Next, @entity19 immunized with a coinjection of DCs and @entity1139 -treated CT26 (i.p.) were given an intradermal inoculation of CT26. Finally, CT26-bearing @entity19 were treated with @entity1139 (i.p.) with or without DCs, given peritumorally. RESULTS: Although the inoculated @entity5 was not rejected in the control @entity19 , CT26 was rejected in 50% of the @entity19 injected with @entity1139 alone. Apoptosis was observed in the @entity1139 -treated CT26 cells in vitro and in vivo. Immunization with DCs and apoptotic CT26 cells, but not with apoptotic CT26 alone, gave protection against @entity5 challenge in 7 of 13 @entity19 . A significantly higher level of cytotoxic T-cell activity and @entity60 production was seen in the protected @entity19 . When @entity1139 (i.p.) treatment was followed by peritumoral DC injection in the CT26-bearing @entity19 , remarkable therapeutic effects were observed. CONCLUSION: DCs can collaborate with chemotherapy-induced @entity5 cells and elicit improved antitumor immunity, probably through the acquisition of @entity5 -associated antigens from @entity5 cells.

title: Dendritic cells coinjected with XXXX cells treated with an anticancer drug to induce @entity5 rejection.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['apoptotic tumor', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: We examined whether bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) could induce antitumor immunity when a chemotherapeutic drug was added. METHODS: CT26 (a @entity19 @entity694 cell line syngeneic with BALB/c) and CT26-bearing @entity19 were treated with @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) intraperitoneally (i.p.). Next, @entity19 immunized with a coinjection of DCs and @entity1139 -treated CT26 (i.p.) were given an intradermal inoculation of CT26. Finally, CT26-bearing @entity19 were treated with @entity1139 (i.p.) with or without DCs, given peritumorally. RESULTS: Although the inoculated @entity5 was not rejected in the control @entity19 , CT26 was rejected in 50% of the @entity19 injected with @entity1139 alone. Apoptosis was observed in the @entity1139 -treated CT26 cells in vitro and in vivo. Immunization with DCs and apoptotic CT26 cells, but not with apoptotic CT26 alone, gave protection against @entity5 challenge in 7 of 13 @entity19 . A significantly higher level of cytotoxic T-cell activity and @entity60 production was seen in the protected @entity19 . When @entity1139 (i.p.) treatment was followed by peritumoral DC injection in the CT26-bearing @entity19 , remarkable therapeutic effects were observed. CONCLUSION: DCs can collaborate with chemotherapy-induced @entity5 cells and elicit improved antitumor immunity, probably through the acquisition of @entity5 -associated antigens from @entity5 cells.

title: Dendritic cells coinjected with @entity5 cells treated with an anticancer drug to induce XXXX rejection.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the prevalence and species representation of pathogenic @entity375 in @entity1 with @entity363 . Determination of in vitro susceptibility of @entity375 isolates to clinically used antimycotic agents. DESIGN: A retrospective clinical study of @entity1 with positive vaginal cultures for the presence of pathogenic @entity375 species. SETTING: I. gynekologicko-p  rodn  cka klinika LF UK a FN, Zochova 7,811 03 Bratislava, Slovensk   republika. METHODS: Identification of @entity375 pathogens on the chromogenic medium CHROMagar CANDIDA and with API-CANDIDA identification system. In vitro susceptibility assays of clinical @entity375 isolates to antifungal agents using the plate dilution method, NCCLS method and ATB-FUNGUS test system. RESULTS: The highest prevalence of @entity15231 was found in @entity1 aged between 20-30 years. @entity5132 was the most commonly identified species of pathogenic @entity375 (87.4%). Of the non-albicans species, @entity7408 (6.3%) was the most prevalent species. @entity7408 and C. krusei clinical isolates were found to be generally less susceptible to several antifungals in vitro as compared to @entity5132 strains. A minimal number of resistant @entity375 isolates was observed for @entity5213 , @entity1449 and @entity8701 . A relatively high number of resistant strains was observed for some other @entity5638 antifungals ( @entity5897 , @entity3102 , @entity2059 , @entity2380 ). CONCLUSION: A successful treatment of @entity281 requires the results of the microbiological analyses. They will bring evidence to a physician of the presence and fate of the pathogen, of its sensitivity to antifungals, both of which are essential for the rational and successful therapy of @entity6923 .

title: [ XXXX and sensitivity of pathogens to antimycotics].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity363 :: ('MESH:D002181', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginal candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity1449 :: ('MESH:D003022', 'Chemical') :: ['clotrimazole']

entities_list: @entity5213 :: ('MESH:D004464', 'Chemical') :: ['econazole']

entities_list: @entity5897 :: ('MESH:D008825', 'Chemical') :: ['miconazole']

entities_list: @entity6923 :: ('MESH:C536777', 'Disease') :: ['Candida vaginitis']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity2059 :: ('MESH:D017964', 'Chemical') :: ['itraconazole']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans', 'C. albicans']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal mycotic infections']

entities_list: @entity15231 :: ('MESH:D014848', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginal candidasis']

entities_list: @entity8701 :: ('MESH:D009761', 'Chemical') :: ['nystatin']

answer: @entity363 :: (MESH:D002181,Disease) :: ['Vulvovaginal candidiasis']


abstract: The separate and combined effects of @entity37656 (25 mg) and @entity1443 (1 gm) on sleep were studied by interview procedures and information from medical records of 2,931 postoperative @entity1 . The sample contained 1,617 @entity1 with mild or moderate @entity158 and 1,314 who were free of @entity158 . Each received either @entity28999 alone (S), @entity1443 alone (A), a combination of both drugs (C), or placebo (P). Drug treatment was double blind and randomized separately for the @entity158 and @entity158 -free subsamples. Twelve measures of sleep were determined. C was more beneficial than S or A, and S and A were each superior to P. For all 12 sleep measures, the effect of the combination (C - P) approximated or exceeded the sum of the two separate effects ( @entity30061 ). The presence of either drug tended to enhance the sleep benefit of the other. The sedative and analgesic benefits to sleep were at least additive, and some outcome measures suggested synergism. In the total sample, the contributions of sedative and analgesic similar. Among @entity1 with @entity158 , contributions of the analgesic surpassed those of the sedative. For @entity1 free of @entity158 , the sedative was better, but even @entity158 -free @entity1 had enhanced sleep after the analgesic. The analgesic, but not the sedative, reduced @entity158 ; the analgesic induced the feeling of being well rested and not tired; the sedative induced a feeling of being drugged. Nondrug variables (e.g., @entity158 , sex, age, and sleep expectations) influenced sleep outcome at least as much as drugs, but randomization and the large sample prevented those extraneous variables from biasing drug comparisons.

title: Effects of XXXX and @entity1443 on postoperative sleep.

entities_list: @entity37656 :: ('MESH:C035385', 'Chemical') :: ['doxylamine succinate']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity28999 :: ('MESH:D004319', 'Chemical') :: ['doxylamine']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaminophen']

answer: @entity28999 :: (MESH:D004319,Chemical) :: ['doxylamine']


abstract: The separate and combined effects of @entity37656 (25 mg) and @entity1443 (1 gm) on sleep were studied by interview procedures and information from medical records of 2,931 postoperative @entity1 . The sample contained 1,617 @entity1 with mild or moderate @entity158 and 1,314 who were free of @entity158 . Each received either @entity28999 alone (S), @entity1443 alone (A), a combination of both drugs (C), or placebo (P). Drug treatment was double blind and randomized separately for the @entity158 and @entity158 -free subsamples. Twelve measures of sleep were determined. C was more beneficial than S or A, and S and A were each superior to P. For all 12 sleep measures, the effect of the combination (C - P) approximated or exceeded the sum of the two separate effects ( @entity30061 ). The presence of either drug tended to enhance the sleep benefit of the other. The sedative and analgesic benefits to sleep were at least additive, and some outcome measures suggested synergism. In the total sample, the contributions of sedative and analgesic similar. Among @entity1 with @entity158 , contributions of the analgesic surpassed those of the sedative. For @entity1 free of @entity158 , the sedative was better, but even @entity158 -free @entity1 had enhanced sleep after the analgesic. The analgesic, but not the sedative, reduced @entity158 ; the analgesic induced the feeling of being well rested and not tired; the sedative induced a feeling of being drugged. Nondrug variables (e.g., @entity158 , sex, age, and sleep expectations) influenced sleep outcome at least as much as drugs, but randomization and the large sample prevented those extraneous variables from biasing drug comparisons.

title: Effects of @entity28999 and XXXX on postoperative sleep.

answer: @entity1443 :: (MESH:D000082,Chemical) :: ['acetaminophen']


abstract: The effect of long-term @entity3174 therapy on the immune response to inactivated @entity683 vaccine was evaluated. The @entity1 were 31 white @entity1 who were receiving long-term @entity3174 therapy for @entity410 disorders and 31 age-matched controls. Prevaccination blood samples were collected, and the @entity1 were vaccinated subcutaneously with 0.5-mL inactivated whole-virion trivalent @entity683 vaccine. Venous blood samples were collected at 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, and 24 weeks after vaccination and stored at -20 degrees C until analysis. Total serum @entity3174 concentrations were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Immune response was measured by assaying the sera for hemagglutinin-inhibiting antibody to each of the three antigenic strains. Seroconversion was defined as a fourfold or greater increase in serum antibody titer following vaccination. In the @entity3174 -treated @entity1 , the mean (+/- S.D.) serum @entity3174 concentration before vaccination was 9.9 +/- 6.1 micrograms/mL. Prevaccination geometric mean titers were high enough in both groups to indicate that these @entity1 had been exposed to these or related antigens, and medical records confirmed that some of the @entity1 had been vaccinated the year before. The percent of @entity1 demonstrating seroconversion to each antigen at week 4 was low in both groups, and there were no significant differences between the two groups. The cumulative seroconversion responses observed up to week 24 were also not significantly different. Long-term @entity3174 therapy should not affect the efficacy of @entity683 vaccine in @entity1 who have been previously exposed to @entity281 or vaccination with identical or related strains.

title: XXXX therapy and immune response to @entity683 vaccine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

answer: @entity3174 :: (MESH:D010672,Chemical) :: ['Phenytoin']


abstract: The effect of long-term @entity3174 therapy on the immune response to inactivated @entity683 vaccine was evaluated. The @entity1 were 31 white @entity1 who were receiving long-term @entity3174 therapy for @entity410 disorders and 31 age-matched controls. Prevaccination blood samples were collected, and the @entity1 were vaccinated subcutaneously with 0.5-mL inactivated whole-virion trivalent @entity683 vaccine. Venous blood samples were collected at 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, and 24 weeks after vaccination and stored at -20 degrees C until analysis. Total serum @entity3174 concentrations were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Immune response was measured by assaying the sera for hemagglutinin-inhibiting antibody to each of the three antigenic strains. Seroconversion was defined as a fourfold or greater increase in serum antibody titer following vaccination. In the @entity3174 -treated @entity1 , the mean (+/- S.D.) serum @entity3174 concentration before vaccination was 9.9 +/- 6.1 micrograms/mL. Prevaccination geometric mean titers were high enough in both groups to indicate that these @entity1 had been exposed to these or related antigens, and medical records confirmed that some of the @entity1 had been vaccinated the year before. The percent of @entity1 demonstrating seroconversion to each antigen at week 4 was low in both groups, and there were no significant differences between the two groups. The cumulative seroconversion responses observed up to week 24 were also not significantly different. Long-term @entity3174 therapy should not affect the efficacy of @entity683 vaccine in @entity1 who have been previously exposed to @entity281 or vaccination with identical or related strains.

title: @entity3174 therapy and immune response to XXXX vaccine.

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']


abstract: It has been proposed that interstitial @entity82 is causally related to a progressive decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), in @entity1 with various @entity8 . We examined the relationship between morphological and functional parameters in 200 samples from 74 @entity1 with @entity631 . The @entity8 was semiquantitatively analyzed using the Glomerular Index (GI). Interstitial volume (IV) was determined by the point-counting method. Both GI and IV showed a significant negative correlation with Ccr and a positive correlation with serum @entity1011 . The serial change in IV from the first to the last biopsy (delta IV) showed a weak but significant negative correlation with those in Ccr, over the same period (delta Ccr). The serial change in GI (delta GI) did not correlate with delta Ccr. There was a significant positive correlation between GI and IV and between delta GI and delta IV. These data confirmed a cause-and-effect relationship between @entity16 and GFR and also showed that the @entity8 as well as the interstitial change play an important role in the deterioration of renal function. Thus, the @entity75 alone should not be emphasized as a determinant of renal function, as we noted a close correlation between the @entity8 . @entity16 is apparently secondary to the @entity8 in @entity1 with @entity631 .

title: Structural-functional correlations in serial biopsies from @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal diseases', 'glomerular lesion', 'interstitial and glomerular lesion']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lesion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial damage', 'Interstitial damage']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity631 :: (MESH:D005921,Disease) :: ['glomerulonephritis']


abstract: It has been proposed that interstitial @entity82 is causally related to a progressive decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), in @entity1 with various @entity8 . We examined the relationship between morphological and functional parameters in 200 samples from 74 @entity1 with @entity631 . The @entity8 was semiquantitatively analyzed using the Glomerular Index (GI). Interstitial volume (IV) was determined by the point-counting method. Both GI and IV showed a significant negative correlation with Ccr and a positive correlation with serum @entity1011 . The serial change in IV from the first to the last biopsy (delta IV) showed a weak but significant negative correlation with those in Ccr, over the same period (delta Ccr). The serial change in GI (delta GI) did not correlate with delta Ccr. There was a significant positive correlation between GI and IV and between delta GI and delta IV. These data confirmed a cause-and-effect relationship between @entity16 and GFR and also showed that the @entity8 as well as the interstitial change play an important role in the deterioration of renal function. Thus, the @entity75 alone should not be emphasized as a determinant of renal function, as we noted a close correlation between the @entity8 . @entity16 is apparently secondary to the @entity8 in @entity1 with @entity631 .

title: Structural-functional correlations in serial biopsies from XXXX with @entity631 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to evaluate the parameter of light dose rate as it relates to the efficiency of @entity3838 derivative (HPD)-induced @entity9335 . Exponentially growing @entity3569 ovary cells were incubated with HPD (25 micrograms/ml) and were then exposed to red light (630 nm) delivered at different dose rates. A total of five dose rates (0.5, 5.0, 15, 23, and 60 milliwatts/sq cm) were examined following a 1-hr HPD incubation, two dose rates (1 and 20 milliwatts/sq cm) were examined after a 12-hr HPD incubation, and three dose rates (0.4, 4, and 40 milliwatts/sq cm) were examined following a 16-hr incubation and a 30-min serum wash protocol. The effect of light dose rate was determined from cell survival curves obtained by standard clonogenic colony formation assays. Similar levels of cellular @entity137 were obtained when cells from each HPD incubation group were treated with equal doses of red light delivered at different dose rates. For in vivo experiments, albino @entity19 were given injections of HPD (7.5 mg/kg) and 24 h later the right hind leg of each @entity19 was treated with localized red light (630 nm). A total dose of 270 J/sq cm was delivered to the right hind leg at dose rates of 5, 25, or 125 milliwatts/sq cm. The resulting acute @entity272 induced by @entity11371 @entity9335 was scored over a 30-day period, and skin response curves for the three dose rates were obtained. Comparable levels of damage were induced in each of the three experimental groups. The results obtained from both in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that the photosensitizing efficiency of HPD photodynamic therapy is not affected by nonthermal variations in clinically relevant dose rates of delivered light.

title: In vitro and in vivo light dose rate effects related to XXXX derivative photodynamic therapy.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3838 :: ('MESH:D006415', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoporphyrin']

entities_list: @entity9335 :: ('MESH:D010787', 'Disease') :: ['photosensitization']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin damage']

entities_list: @entity3569 :: ('10029', 'Species') :: ['Chinese hamster']

answer: @entity3838 :: (MESH:D006415,Chemical) :: ['hematoporphyrin']


abstract: The epidermal and dermal effects of protracted @entity864 ( @entity865 ) treatment (2 micrograms @entity865 twice weekly) of Sencar @entity19 skin were studied using cell kinetics and morphometric techniques. In addition, regression of @entity865 -induced changes was evaluated after cessation of 56 topical applications. During the first week of treatment a reactional @entity1373 , characterized by cell damage, @entity4 , and acute @entity32 in both epidermis and dermis, occurred. This picture changed gradually during the following 3 weeks: an @entity1373 devoid of involutional or inflammatory features was accompanied by a moderate to mild @entity32 of the dermis and a @entity1373 of the hair follicles. This remained throughout the experimental period until the topical @entity865 treatment ceased. Although @entity865 induced @entity1185 in only 5% of the animals (maximum = 2 @entity1185 /animal and no @entity189 ), all sustained marked @entity1373 of approximately 4 to 5 times the normal thickness, and increased the number and volume of hair follicles. The @entity665 pulse-labeling index of the basal layer was approximately 32% (normal congruent to 6%). The level of dark keratinocytes remained constant; i.e., 8% of the basal cells were identified as dark cells during the entire experiment. At the subepidermal level the dermal thickness and total cellularity increased, although the proportion of the different cell types changed during the treatment. The mast cell population increased remarkably. After @entity865 treatment ceased, most of these parameters regressed abruptly during the first 2 weeks. Two to 4 months later, the epidermis was slightly thinner, and the labeling index was 50% lower than normal (2.8%). This study shows that prolonged repetitive @entity865 applications induced a @entity1373 without tachyphylaxis, and that this alteration regressed rapidly after treatment ceased. In addition, labeling-index values lower than normal were reached soon after normalization, suggesting that a possible selection of keratinocytes, dependent on @entity865 for proliferation, took place during the chronic administration of topical @entity865 . The number of hair follicle, capillary vessels, mast cells, and the dermal thickness never reached normal values after treatment. These important changes in the dermis and hair follicles indicate that the target cells for @entity5 promoters are not confined to the epidermis alone, and that these tissues could participate actively in @entity105 directly, either as @entity5 -originating tissues (hair follicles), or as inducers or helpers of @entity5 (connective tissue cells).

title: Cutaneous changes during prolonged application of XXXX on @entity19 skin and residual effects after cessation of treatment.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['epidermal hyperplasia', 'steady-state hyperplasia', 'hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papillomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplastic growth']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['[3H]thymidine']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']

answer: @entity864 :: (MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755,Chemical) :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']


abstract: The epidermal and dermal effects of protracted @entity864 ( @entity865 ) treatment (2 micrograms @entity865 twice weekly) of Sencar @entity19 skin were studied using cell kinetics and morphometric techniques. In addition, regression of @entity865 -induced changes was evaluated after cessation of 56 topical applications. During the first week of treatment a reactional @entity1373 , characterized by cell damage, @entity4 , and acute @entity32 in both epidermis and dermis, occurred. This picture changed gradually during the following 3 weeks: an @entity1373 devoid of involutional or inflammatory features was accompanied by a moderate to mild @entity32 of the dermis and a @entity1373 of the hair follicles. This remained throughout the experimental period until the topical @entity865 treatment ceased. Although @entity865 induced @entity1185 in only 5% of the animals (maximum = 2 @entity1185 /animal and no @entity189 ), all sustained marked @entity1373 of approximately 4 to 5 times the normal thickness, and increased the number and volume of hair follicles. The @entity665 pulse-labeling index of the basal layer was approximately 32% (normal congruent to 6%). The level of dark keratinocytes remained constant; i.e., 8% of the basal cells were identified as dark cells during the entire experiment. At the subepidermal level the dermal thickness and total cellularity increased, although the proportion of the different cell types changed during the treatment. The mast cell population increased remarkably. After @entity865 treatment ceased, most of these parameters regressed abruptly during the first 2 weeks. Two to 4 months later, the epidermis was slightly thinner, and the labeling index was 50% lower than normal (2.8%). This study shows that prolonged repetitive @entity865 applications induced a @entity1373 without tachyphylaxis, and that this alteration regressed rapidly after treatment ceased. In addition, labeling-index values lower than normal were reached soon after normalization, suggesting that a possible selection of keratinocytes, dependent on @entity865 for proliferation, took place during the chronic administration of topical @entity865 . The number of hair follicle, capillary vessels, mast cells, and the dermal thickness never reached normal values after treatment. These important changes in the dermis and hair follicles indicate that the target cells for @entity5 promoters are not confined to the epidermis alone, and that these tissues could participate actively in @entity105 directly, either as @entity5 -originating tissues (hair follicles), or as inducers or helpers of @entity5 (connective tissue cells).

title: Cutaneous changes during prolonged application of @entity864 on XXXX skin and residual effects after cessation of treatment.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of pancreatic @entity82 and @entity32 . Accumulation of PSCs is a fundamental feature of pancreatic @entity82 , and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB is the most potent mitogen for PSCs. But, the molecular mechanisms responsible for PDGF's actions in PSCs are largely unknown. In hepatic stellate cells, it has been established that activation of both @entity4357 (PI) 3-kinase and @entity2509 ( @entity2509 ) pathways is required for PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration. The aim of this study was to elucidate the signaling pathways mediating PDGF-BB's actions in PSCs. PSCs were isolated from @entity35 pancreas tissue and used in their culture-activated, myofibroblast-like phenotype. Culture-activated PSCs expressed PDGF alpha- and beta-receptors. PDGF-BB induced autophosphorylation of its receptor, followed by the activation of PI 3-kinase, @entity2308 , and @entity2509 pathways. Activation of PI 3-kinase was not required for PDGF-BB-induced @entity2509 activation. PDGF-BB induced approximately five-fold increase in proliferation and chemotaxis of PSCs. Inhibition of @entity2509 pathway with @entity4286 completely blocked proliferation, whereas @entity4286 had a modest inhibitory effect on cell migration (approximately 50%). On the other hand, inhibition of PI 3-kinase pathway with @entity2307 or @entity2306 almost completely inhibited migration, but did not affect proliferation of PSCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that @entity2509 pathway regulates proliferation and migration in response to PDGF-BB, whereas PI 3-kinase mediates cellular migration, but not proliferation of PSCs.

title: Differential roles of signaling pathways for proliferation and migration of XXXX pancreatic stellate cells.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2509 :: ('24338(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['ERK', 'extracellular-signal regulated kinase']

entities_list: @entity2307 :: ('MESH:C009687', 'Chemical') :: ['wortmannin']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIMS AND METHODS: The aim of this health technology assessment was to analyse the current scientific and genetic counselling on predictive genetic testing for @entity0 . Predictive genetic testing will be available for several common diseases in the future and questions related to financial issues and quality standards will be raised. This report is based on a systematic/nonsystematic literature search in several databases (e.g. EmBase, Medline, Cochrane Library) and on a specific health technology assessment report (CCOHTA) and review (American Gastroenterological Ass.), respectively. Laboratory test methods, early detection methods and the benefit from prophylactic interventions were analysed and social consequences interpreted. BACKGROUND: Breast and @entity14 are counted among the most frequently @entity5 . Most of them are based on random accumulation of risk factors, 5-10% show a familial determination. A hereditary modified gene is responsible for the increased @entity5 risk. In these families, high @entity5 frequency, young age at diagnosis and multiple primary @entity5 are remarkable. RESULTS AND REFLECTION: GENETIC DIAGNOSIS: Sequence analysis is the gold standard. Denaturing high performance liquid chromatography is a quick alternative method. The identification of the responsible gene defect in an affected family member is important. If the test result is positive there is an uncertainty whether the disease will develop or not, when and in which degree, which is founded in the geno-/phenotype correlation. The individual risk estimation is based upon empirical evidence. The test results affect the whole family. PREVENTION/EARLY DETECTION: Currently, primary prevention is possible for @entity1412 ( @entity12698 , prophylactic colectomy) and for @entity4310 (prophylactic mastectomy). The so-called preventive medical check-ups are early detection examinations. The evidence about early detection methods for @entity14 is better than for @entity0 . PROPHYLACTIC SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS: Prophylactic mastectomy (PM) reduces the relative @entity0 risk by approximately 90%. The question is if PM has an impact on mortality. The acceptance of PM is culture-dependent. Colectomy can be used as a prophylactic ( @entity1941 ) and therapeutic method. After surgery, the @entity5 risk remains high and so early detection examinations are still necessary. EVIDENCE-BASED STATEMENTS: The evidence is often fragmentary and of limited quality. For objective test result presentation information about sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and number needed to screen and treat, respectively, are necessary. REFLECTIONS: New identification of mutations and demand will lead to an increase of predictive genetic counselling and testing. There is a gap between predictive genetic diagnosis and prediction, prevention, early detection and surgical interventions. These circumstances require a basic strategy. Since predictive genetic diagnosis is a very sensitive issue it is important to deal with it carefully in order to avoid inappropriate hopes. Thus, media, experts and politicians need to consider opportunities and limitations in their daily decision-making processes.

title: ["Screening" in special situations. Assessing predictive genetic screening for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary breast and colorectal cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer diseases', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary mamma carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['hereditary breast and colorectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is a significant risk factor for development of @entity302 in @entity1 . It is unclear, however, why some @entity1 are at an increased risk of becoming @entity302 , while others recover from the @entity131 @entity410 -free. We previously showed that the presence of a proepileptic pathology increases the risk of @entity302 in an animal model of @entity6795 ( @entity6795 ) after a secondary insult, which we described as the "second hit". Here we sought to evaluate the prevalence of @entity302 activity and @entity410 in @entity6795 after a moderate @entity131 to determine the influence of @entity6349 pathology on @entity131 -induced epileptogenesis. @entity6795 was generated in @entity35 through in utero irradiation (the "first hit"). Nondysplastic and @entity6795 @entity35 were surgically implanted with EEG electrodes. Craniotomies were performed over the pre-central cortex, and @entity35 were given a moderate @entity131 using the lateral fluid percussion injury device. @entity35 were monitored with chronic EEG and video. EEG data were analyzed for the occurrence of interictal spikes and @entity302 EEG @entity410 patterns. Brains were harvested and evaluated histologically. Spontaneous @entity410 are more prominent and occur earlier in @entity35 with @entity6795 after a moderate @entity131 compared with nondysplastic control @entity35 . All of the @entity6795 animals exhibited interictal spiking after @entity131 , while only a portion of nondysplastic animals produced spikes. These results suggest that the presence of a proepileptic pathology may increase the risk for the development of @entity302 after @entity131 . Diagnosis and treatment of @entity131 may depend on underlying pathologies contributing to @entity302 after a @entity1545 .

title: Underlying @entity6795 as Risk Factor for XXXX : An Animal Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['cortical dysplasia', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is a significant risk factor for development of @entity302 in @entity1 . It is unclear, however, why some @entity1 are at an increased risk of becoming @entity302 , while others recover from the @entity131 @entity410 -free. We previously showed that the presence of a proepileptic pathology increases the risk of @entity302 in an animal model of @entity6795 ( @entity6795 ) after a secondary insult, which we described as the "second hit". Here we sought to evaluate the prevalence of @entity302 activity and @entity410 in @entity6795 after a moderate @entity131 to determine the influence of @entity6349 pathology on @entity131 -induced epileptogenesis. @entity6795 was generated in @entity35 through in utero irradiation (the "first hit"). Nondysplastic and @entity6795 @entity35 were surgically implanted with EEG electrodes. Craniotomies were performed over the pre-central cortex, and @entity35 were given a moderate @entity131 using the lateral fluid percussion injury device. @entity35 were monitored with chronic EEG and video. EEG data were analyzed for the occurrence of interictal spikes and @entity302 EEG @entity410 patterns. Brains were harvested and evaluated histologically. Spontaneous @entity410 are more prominent and occur earlier in @entity35 with @entity6795 after a moderate @entity131 compared with nondysplastic control @entity35 . All of the @entity6795 animals exhibited interictal spiking after @entity131 , while only a portion of nondysplastic animals produced spikes. These results suggest that the presence of a proepileptic pathology may increase the risk for the development of @entity302 after @entity131 . Diagnosis and treatment of @entity131 may depend on underlying pathologies contributing to @entity302 after a @entity1545 .

title: Underlying XXXX as Risk Factor for @entity302 : An Animal Study.

answer: @entity6795 :: (MESH:D054220,Disease) :: ['Cortical Dysplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Normal colonic epithelial cells do not express HLA-DR antigens unless they become inflamed. It is possible that colonic epithelial cells may function as antigen-presenting cells once HLA-DR is induced by @entity32 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether @entity291 's milk protein (CMP) is capable of inducing changes in HLA-DR expression on colonic epithelial cells, providing indirect evidence that CMP may activate cell-mediated immune mechanisms within intestinal mucosa. METHODS: HLA-DR expression was evaluated by flow cytometry on cultured @entity1 colonic epithelial cell line (HT-29) before and after treatment with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or recombinant @entity379 ). Untreated and LPS- or @entity379 -treated HT-29 cells were then cultured in the presence of CMP. The changes in epithelial HLA-DR expression induced by CMP on untreated and LPS- or @entity379 -treated HT-29 cells were examined. RESULTS: Untreated HT-29 cells expressed very little HLA-DR molecule. Bacterial LPS or @entity379 induced a significant HLA-DR expression on HT-29 cells. When untreated HT-29 cells were cultured in the presence of CMP, there was little induction of HLA-DR expression. Culture of LPS- or @entity379 -treated HT-29 cells in the presence of CMP induced a significant increase in HLA-DR expression, which was much greater than on HT-29 cells treated with bacterial LPS or @entity379 only. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that CMP initiates an immune response in the intestinal mucosa and may be responsible for the activation of cell-mediated immunity after enteric @entity32 .

title: XXXX 's milk protein induced changes in the expression of HLA-DR antigens on colonic epithelial cells.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['infection or inflammation']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma', 'gamma interferon (IFN-gamma']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['Cow']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity308 and @entity148 in @entity1118 are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, and appear highly related to @entity1 's @entity221 perceptions as well as with marital adjustment. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of @entity158 variables, marital adjustment and @entity221 perceptions on @entity308 and @entity148 in @entity1 with @entity1118 . Two hundred @entity1 were recruited from a @entity158 unit in a public hospital in the north of Portugal. @entity1 completed a questionnaire that assessed @entity221 perceptions (IPQ-Brief), marital adjustment (revised dyadic adjustment scale), @entity308 and @entity148 ( @entity308 scale) and @entity158 variables ( @entity158 intensity and @entity158 disability index). @entity308 and @entity148 were associated with @entity158 intensity, @entity158 , marital adjustment and @entity221 perceptions. Results from hierarchical regression showed that @entity221 perceptions contributed significantly to @entity308 and @entity148 over and above the effects of @entity158 intensity, @entity158 and marital adjustment, after controlling for gender. In multivariate analyses, @entity158 intensity, @entity158 and marital adjustment were uniquely related to @entity308 and @entity148 , whereas specific @entity221 perceptions were uniquely related to @entity308 symptoms (identity, treatment control, emotional response and coherence) and to @entity148 (identity, emotional response and concern). Perceptions of greater symptomatology (identity) and of emotional impact, and lesser perceptions of treatment control and understanding of @entity1118 ( @entity221 comprehensibility) were significantly associated with increased @entity308 symptoms. Perceptions of greater symptomatology (identity), emotional impact and greater concern were associated with @entity148 . These findings indicate that the contribution of @entity221 perceptions was greater than that made by traditional covariates, and may therefore be a useful basis for future psychological interventions.

title: Illness perceptions are the main predictors of XXXX and @entity148 in @entity1 with @entity1118 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'hospital anxiety depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety symptoms', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain-related disability', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity308 and @entity148 in @entity1118 are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, and appear highly related to @entity1 's @entity221 perceptions as well as with marital adjustment. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of @entity158 variables, marital adjustment and @entity221 perceptions on @entity308 and @entity148 in @entity1 with @entity1118 . Two hundred @entity1 were recruited from a @entity158 unit in a public hospital in the north of Portugal. @entity1 completed a questionnaire that assessed @entity221 perceptions (IPQ-Brief), marital adjustment (revised dyadic adjustment scale), @entity308 and @entity148 ( @entity308 scale) and @entity158 variables ( @entity158 intensity and @entity158 disability index). @entity308 and @entity148 were associated with @entity158 intensity, @entity158 , marital adjustment and @entity221 perceptions. Results from hierarchical regression showed that @entity221 perceptions contributed significantly to @entity308 and @entity148 over and above the effects of @entity158 intensity, @entity158 and marital adjustment, after controlling for gender. In multivariate analyses, @entity158 intensity, @entity158 and marital adjustment were uniquely related to @entity308 and @entity148 , whereas specific @entity221 perceptions were uniquely related to @entity308 symptoms (identity, treatment control, emotional response and coherence) and to @entity148 (identity, emotional response and concern). Perceptions of greater symptomatology (identity) and of emotional impact, and lesser perceptions of treatment control and understanding of @entity1118 ( @entity221 comprehensibility) were significantly associated with increased @entity308 symptoms. Perceptions of greater symptomatology (identity), emotional impact and greater concern were associated with @entity148 . These findings indicate that the contribution of @entity221 perceptions was greater than that made by traditional covariates, and may therefore be a useful basis for future psychological interventions.

title: Illness perceptions are the main predictors of @entity308 and @entity148 in @entity1 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity308 and @entity148 in @entity1118 are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, and appear highly related to @entity1 's @entity221 perceptions as well as with marital adjustment. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of @entity158 variables, marital adjustment and @entity221 perceptions on @entity308 and @entity148 in @entity1 with @entity1118 . Two hundred @entity1 were recruited from a @entity158 unit in a public hospital in the north of Portugal. @entity1 completed a questionnaire that assessed @entity221 perceptions (IPQ-Brief), marital adjustment (revised dyadic adjustment scale), @entity308 and @entity148 ( @entity308 scale) and @entity158 variables ( @entity158 intensity and @entity158 disability index). @entity308 and @entity148 were associated with @entity158 intensity, @entity158 , marital adjustment and @entity221 perceptions. Results from hierarchical regression showed that @entity221 perceptions contributed significantly to @entity308 and @entity148 over and above the effects of @entity158 intensity, @entity158 and marital adjustment, after controlling for gender. In multivariate analyses, @entity158 intensity, @entity158 and marital adjustment were uniquely related to @entity308 and @entity148 , whereas specific @entity221 perceptions were uniquely related to @entity308 symptoms (identity, treatment control, emotional response and coherence) and to @entity148 (identity, emotional response and concern). Perceptions of greater symptomatology (identity) and of emotional impact, and lesser perceptions of treatment control and understanding of @entity1118 ( @entity221 comprehensibility) were significantly associated with increased @entity308 symptoms. Perceptions of greater symptomatology (identity), emotional impact and greater concern were associated with @entity148 . These findings indicate that the contribution of @entity221 perceptions was greater than that made by traditional covariates, and may therefore be a useful basis for future psychological interventions.

title: Illness perceptions are the main predictors of @entity308 and XXXX in @entity1 with @entity1118 .

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety symptoms']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity308 and @entity148 in @entity1118 are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, and appear highly related to @entity1 's @entity221 perceptions as well as with marital adjustment. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of @entity158 variables, marital adjustment and @entity221 perceptions on @entity308 and @entity148 in @entity1 with @entity1118 . Two hundred @entity1 were recruited from a @entity158 unit in a public hospital in the north of Portugal. @entity1 completed a questionnaire that assessed @entity221 perceptions (IPQ-Brief), marital adjustment (revised dyadic adjustment scale), @entity308 and @entity148 ( @entity308 scale) and @entity158 variables ( @entity158 intensity and @entity158 disability index). @entity308 and @entity148 were associated with @entity158 intensity, @entity158 , marital adjustment and @entity221 perceptions. Results from hierarchical regression showed that @entity221 perceptions contributed significantly to @entity308 and @entity148 over and above the effects of @entity158 intensity, @entity158 and marital adjustment, after controlling for gender. In multivariate analyses, @entity158 intensity, @entity158 and marital adjustment were uniquely related to @entity308 and @entity148 , whereas specific @entity221 perceptions were uniquely related to @entity308 symptoms (identity, treatment control, emotional response and coherence) and to @entity148 (identity, emotional response and concern). Perceptions of greater symptomatology (identity) and of emotional impact, and lesser perceptions of treatment control and understanding of @entity1118 ( @entity221 comprehensibility) were significantly associated with increased @entity308 symptoms. Perceptions of greater symptomatology (identity), emotional impact and greater concern were associated with @entity148 . These findings indicate that the contribution of @entity221 perceptions was greater than that made by traditional covariates, and may therefore be a useful basis for future psychological interventions.

title: Illness perceptions are the main predictors of @entity308 and @entity148 in XXXX with @entity1118 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: From 2007 to 2010, The Netherlands experienced a major @entity4002 with more than 4000 notifications. Previous studies suggested that @entity4002 @entity1 could suffer long-term post-infection @entity73 , especially @entity1295 . Our objective was to assess the Coxiella burnetii antibody prevalence and health status including @entity1295 , and assess their interrelationship in Herpen, a high-incidence village, 7 years after the outbreak began. In 2014, we invited all 2161 adult inhabitants for a questionnaire and a @entity4003 indirect fluorescence antibody assay (IFA). The health status was measured with the Nijmegen Clinical Screening Instrument (NCSI), consisting of eight subdomains including @entity1295 . Of the 70  1% (1517/2161) @entity1 , 33  8% (513/1517) were IFA positive. Of 147 @entity1 who were IFA positive in 2007, 25 (17%) seroreverted and were now IFA negative. Not positive IFA status, but age <50 years, smoking and co-morbidity, were independent risk factors for @entity1295 . Notified @entity1 reported significantly more often @entity1295 (31/49, 63%) than non-notified IFA-positive @entity1 (150/451, 33%). Although @entity1295 is a common sequel after @entity4002 , in this community-based survey we found no difference in @entity1295 levels between @entity1 with and without C. burnetii antibodies.

title: The health status of a village population, 7 years after a major XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4002 :: ('MESH:D011778', 'Disease') :: ['Q fever outbreak', 'Q fever', 'acute Q fever']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['health impairments']

answer: @entity4002 :: (MESH:D011778,Disease) :: ['Q fever outbreak']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Information on functional outcomes after laparoscopic-assisted transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is limited. This study analyzed the functional results in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: Ten consecutive @entity1 (nine males) undergoing electrophysiologically controlled nerve-sparing taTME were investigated prospectively and asked to complete functional questionnaires [the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Index of Erectile Function, Female Sexual Function Index, Wexner score, and @entity258 ( @entity258 ) score]. Bladder function was also assessed according to residual urine volume. Preoperative function was compared to the functional outcome 3 and 6 months, and 9 months if eligible, after stoma closure or surgery in the absence of a diverting stoma. RESULTS: Prior to therapy, urinary and sexual function was impaired in 40 and 60% of @entity1 , respectively. None of the @entity1 developed pathological residual urine volumes after at least unilateral functional pelvic nerve-sparing. Median IPSS was lower than preoperative scores (p > 0.05). Two males with @entity129 were considered impotent during a median follow-up of 15 months (range 6-20 months). The female was judged to be sexually inactive. The median Wexner score was 1 (range 0-7) prior to any therapy and increased to 7 (range 0-15) at 6 months (p = 0.029), with 40% of @entity1 categorized as having no @entity258 and 50% minor @entity258 . The median @entity258 score was 28 (range 9-38) at 3 months and 26 (range 9-32) at 6 months (p = 0.165). CONCLUSIONS: Despite a small sample size and confounding factors, data indicate that taTME has the potential to preserve continence, sufficient bowel function, and urogenital function.

title: Midterm functional results of taTME with neuromapping for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['LARS', 'low anterior resection syndrome']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete nerve preservation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['low rectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['low rectal cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The optimum mode of delivery in a known carrier of a @entity447 is still an issue of debate. AIM: This study was conducted to report a multicentre experience in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) on the incidence of @entity932 ( @entity932 ) in newborns with severe @entity447 delivered by different modalities. METHODS: We have conducted a retrospective/prospective multicentre cohort study including a total of seven hospitals distributed in four GCC countries between 1998 and Jan 2015. A total of 163 @entity1 with severe @entity447 (factor VIII <1%) were enrolled in this study, age ranged between 2 weeks to 18 years. RESULTS: Most of the @entity1 were born by @entity365 ( @entity365 ) (131, 80.4%), whereas 26 @entity1 (16%) were born by @entity1050 and only six @entity1 were born by instrumental delivery (3.7%), five of them by vacuum and one was delivered using forceps. Five out of 163 @entity1 developed @entity932 during the first 2 weeks of life (3.1%). Two of them were born by @entity365 (2/131; 1.5%) and two were born by instrumental delivery (2/6; 33.3%). Only one @entity1 among those who were born by caesarean section developed @entity932 (1/26; 3.8%). Assisted vaginal delivery was associated with a significant risk of @entity932 , in comparison to @entity365 and @entity1050 (P = 0.0093). CONCLUSION: Normal vaginal delivery is still considered a safe journey through the birth canal for haemophilic newborns particularly in this area of the world. Larger prospective studies might be needed to define an evidence-based optimal mode of delivery for the @entity447 carrier expecting an affected @entity1 .

title: Mode of delivery and risk of XXXX in newborns with severe @entity447 : a multicentre study in Gulf region.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracranial haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['haemophilia', 'haemophilia A']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous vaginal delivery', 'SVD']

answer: @entity932 :: (MESH:D020300,Disease) :: ['intracranial haemorrhage']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The optimum mode of delivery in a known carrier of a @entity447 is still an issue of debate. AIM: This study was conducted to report a multicentre experience in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) on the incidence of @entity932 ( @entity932 ) in newborns with severe @entity447 delivered by different modalities. METHODS: We have conducted a retrospective/prospective multicentre cohort study including a total of seven hospitals distributed in four GCC countries between 1998 and Jan 2015. A total of 163 @entity1 with severe @entity447 (factor VIII <1%) were enrolled in this study, age ranged between 2 weeks to 18 years. RESULTS: Most of the @entity1 were born by @entity365 ( @entity365 ) (131, 80.4%), whereas 26 @entity1 (16%) were born by @entity1050 and only six @entity1 were born by instrumental delivery (3.7%), five of them by vacuum and one was delivered using forceps. Five out of 163 @entity1 developed @entity932 during the first 2 weeks of life (3.1%). Two of them were born by @entity365 (2/131; 1.5%) and two were born by instrumental delivery (2/6; 33.3%). Only one @entity1 among those who were born by caesarean section developed @entity932 (1/26; 3.8%). Assisted vaginal delivery was associated with a significant risk of @entity932 , in comparison to @entity365 and @entity1050 (P = 0.0093). CONCLUSION: Normal vaginal delivery is still considered a safe journey through the birth canal for haemophilic newborns particularly in this area of the world. Larger prospective studies might be needed to define an evidence-based optimal mode of delivery for the @entity447 carrier expecting an affected @entity1 .

title: Mode of delivery and risk of @entity932 in newborns with severe XXXX : a multicentre study in Gulf region.

answer: @entity447 :: (MESH:D006467,Disease) :: ['haemophilia A']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: When a partially obstructed kidney becomes infected, more rapid and extreme renal parenchymal damage appears to occur than might result from either @entity281 alone. Previously, we showed that either @entity793 or @entity3885 in congenital unilateral @entity3041 causes @entity8 in a @entity35 model. In this same model, we examined the combined effects of partial upper tract obstruction and @entity1494 . METHODS: Female @entity35 from an inbred colony in which more than one half are born with unilateral obstructive @entity3041 were studied. Type 1 piliated @entity526 was instilled into the bladder. Two to 6 days later, the @entity1494 were measured during varying urinary flows (less than 2 to more than 30 mL/kg/hr). All animals were killed and the kidneys and bladder grossly and histologically assessed. @entity3041 was determined at pathologic examination. RESULTS: Eight @entity35 had congenital unilateral @entity3041 ; five were normal. Acute @entity32 was found in all bladder and renal specimens. In @entity8 exceeded those in nonhydronephrotic, infected kidneys at all urinary flow rates. Bladder capacity and pressures did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: This model demonstrates that the combination of @entity281 and obstructive @entity3041 in this model causes renal pelvic pressure elevation that is higher than that associated with either @entity281 or obstructive @entity3041 alone. These data demonstrate the compound effect that @entity281 may have on the kidney and offers an explanation for why this clinical situation is more likely to be associated with greater renal parenchymal injury than either alone.

title: Effect of urinary tract XXXX on ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a @entity35 model.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrotic, infected kidneys, the renal pelvic pressures', 'elevated renal pelvic pressures']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bacteriuria on renal pelvic and bladder pressures', 'bladder and renal pelvic pressures']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['partial obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['Hydronephrosis', 'hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity793 :: ('MESH:D001437', 'Disease') :: ['bacteriuria']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infection and obstruction', 'infection or obstruction']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: When a partially obstructed kidney becomes infected, more rapid and extreme renal parenchymal damage appears to occur than might result from either @entity281 alone. Previously, we showed that either @entity793 or @entity3885 in congenital unilateral @entity3041 causes @entity8 in a @entity35 model. In this same model, we examined the combined effects of partial upper tract obstruction and @entity1494 . METHODS: Female @entity35 from an inbred colony in which more than one half are born with unilateral obstructive @entity3041 were studied. Type 1 piliated @entity526 was instilled into the bladder. Two to 6 days later, the @entity1494 were measured during varying urinary flows (less than 2 to more than 30 mL/kg/hr). All animals were killed and the kidneys and bladder grossly and histologically assessed. @entity3041 was determined at pathologic examination. RESULTS: Eight @entity35 had congenital unilateral @entity3041 ; five were normal. Acute @entity32 was found in all bladder and renal specimens. In @entity8 exceeded those in nonhydronephrotic, infected kidneys at all urinary flow rates. Bladder capacity and pressures did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: This model demonstrates that the combination of @entity281 and obstructive @entity3041 in this model causes renal pelvic pressure elevation that is higher than that associated with either @entity281 or obstructive @entity3041 alone. These data demonstrate the compound effect that @entity281 may have on the kidney and offers an explanation for why this clinical situation is more likely to be associated with greater renal parenchymal injury than either alone.

title: Effect of urinary tract @entity281 on ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a XXXX model.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Antidepressant drug treatment is the clinical standard of care for all types of @entity148 . Broad efficacy of selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors suggests the importance of enhanced serotonergic function of the anxiolytic properties of current antidepressants. However, analysis of the preclinical evidence indicates that most conventional "anxiolytic" drug tests are not sensitive to antidepressants. Such dissociation is not surprising because of the traditional approach to validation of preclinical tests that is to a large extent based on @entity22788 as well as sensitivity to @entity1245 anxiolytics. The present review argues for extending the cognitive model of antidepressant drug action to cover their anxiolytic properties as well. Such an approach is based on ambiguity or uncertainty in a broad sense as the hallmark of @entity1 stress that has different expressions ready for experimental modeling. These possibilities include schedule-induced behaviors that are directly based on intermittent reinforcement, conditioning to ambiguous stimuli, social stress where agonistic confrontations are possible but not predictable or controlled by the subject, and an even larger class of behaviors that are critically dependent on the inhibition of the prepotent responses in exchange for the ambiguous possibility of a later gain in reinforcement. Interestingly, in all these cases, antidepressant drug treatment is clearly effective in preclinical laboratory settings. One of the cognitive functions that appears to be affected by antidepressant drugs is inhibitory control. Inhibition of prepotent responding has beneficial effects in the "uncertainty" stress situations discussed above and therefore it is this cognitive function that may be critical for anxiolytic effects of antidepressants and novel anxiolytic drug development.

title: Antidepressant treatment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity22788 :: ('MESH:C536384', 'Disease') :: ['establishing face validity']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorders']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety disorders']