abstract: OBJECTIVES: In paediatric cardiac surgery, reoperations remain challenging since the injury and the formation of dense adhesions before reoperations can be life-threatening to the heart, bypass conduits or great vessels. To prevent the formation of dense adhesions, a variety of different types of pericardial membrane substitute have been employed. However, due to peel formation, @entity730 and infection, the routine application of these pericardial membrane substitute has not been achieved clinically. A novel bioabsorbable membrane has been developed from @entity7049 ( @entity1989 ) to overcome these drawbacks. The purpose of this study was to assess the biosafety and the effectiveness of @entity1989 membrane as a new bioabsorbable pericardial membrane substitute after pericardium replacement in a @entity95 model. METHODS: A total of 33 @entity95 underwent abrasion on the surface of the heart through right thoracotomy and were divided into a @entity1989 membrane group (n = 17) and a control group (n = 16). Biosafety was assessed by comparing pre- and postoperative @entity8 and C-reactive protein levels. Subsequently, at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively, the degree of reabsorption of the membrane and the intensity of adhesions were macroscopically assessed, followed by a microscopic evaluation for histological changes. Samples of the regenerated fibrous membranes that were harvested 12 weeks after implantation were used to perform immunostaining for cytokeratin and @entity1 bone marrow endothelial cell-1 (HBME-1). RESULTS: The @entity1989 membrane group exhibited a little inflammatory response (P > 0.05) and @entity8 (P > 0.05). The @entity1989 membrane was mostly absorbed by 12 weeks with the replacement of loosely adherent tissue. Moderate adhesions were found between the pericardial membrane substitute and the epicardium at the 4-week postoperative inspection. After 12 weeks postoperatively, the adhesions were found to have resolved completely. The composite score, which combined the histological findings of @entity32 and the tightness of adhesions, was graded on a scale of 0 to 3. Significant differences between the @entity1989 and control groups were detected at 4 weeks (1.2    0.4, 2.1    0.6; P = 0.007, respectively) and 12 weeks (0.5    0.5, 2.5    0.7; P = 0.001, respectively). Twelve weeks after the replacement of the pericardium with the @entity1989 membrane, as shown by the cells positively immunostained for cytokeratin and HBME-1, the regenerated membrane consisted of a bilayer structure mimicking the native pericardium. CONCLUSIONS: To prevent the formation of adhesions after cardiac surgery, the bioabsorbable @entity1989 membrane might serve as a promising substitute for the pericardium, which proved to be safe and efficacious in our study.

title: A novel bioabsorbable pericardial membrane substitute to reduce postoperative pericardial adhesions in a XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['liver/kidney dysfunction', 'liver/kidney function']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity7049 :: ('MESH:C010506', 'Chemical') :: ['polylactic acid']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: BACKGROUND: New targeted @entity320 therapies such as @entity817 inhibitors have shown high and promising clinical benefit but have cutaneous side-effects, including photosensitivity, which is triggered in the UVA radiation spectrum. However, visible spectrum implication has not yet been investigated. We conducted a study to determine whether visible light also contributes to the @entity6337 action spectrum of @entity5457 . The secondary end points were to determine the time to complete regression of the @entity6337 post- @entity5457 discontinuation and whether there was a significant difference between the UVA radiation immediate reactivity cut-offs, in @entity1 treated with @entity5457 vs. those treated with @entity5458 . METHOD: This prospective, observational study included @entity1 with @entity817 mutant metastatic @entity320 : 34 @entity1 treated with @entity5457 and 9 with @entity5458 . RESULTS: The visible-light phototest results in @entity1 treated with @entity5457 were all negative before and after 2 months of treatment. The UVA radiation phototests conducted 1 or 2 weeks post- @entity5457 discontinuation in 4 @entity1 showed a normalised UVA-radiation reactivity cut-off. UVA radiation phototests after 2 months of treatment were conducted for all @entity1 . The UVA radiation reactivity cut-off had been lowered for 30 @entity1 (88%) on @entity5457 and 3 @entity1 (33%) on @entity5458 . The median UVA radiation reactivity cut-off was 12  J/cm(2) for the @entity1 on @entity5457 and 20  J/cm(2) for the @entity1 on @entity5458 . CONCLUSION: @entity817 inhibitor @entity6337 is exclusively triggered by UVA radiation and resolves rapidly post-treatment discontinuation. A significant difference between the UVA immediate reactivity cut-offs, @entity5457 vs. @entity5458 , explains the difference in the clinical photosensitivity rates reported in the clinical trials.

title: XXXX of @entity817 inhibitors: Exclusively due to UVA radiation and rapidly regressive.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6337 :: ('MESH:D017484', 'Disease') :: ['phototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5458 :: ('MESH:C561627', 'Chemical') :: ['dabrafenib']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity5457 :: ('MESH:C551177', 'Chemical') :: ['vemurafenib']

answer: @entity6337 :: (MESH:D017484,Disease) :: ['Phototoxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: New targeted @entity320 therapies such as @entity817 inhibitors have shown high and promising clinical benefit but have cutaneous side-effects, including photosensitivity, which is triggered in the UVA radiation spectrum. However, visible spectrum implication has not yet been investigated. We conducted a study to determine whether visible light also contributes to the @entity6337 action spectrum of @entity5457 . The secondary end points were to determine the time to complete regression of the @entity6337 post- @entity5457 discontinuation and whether there was a significant difference between the UVA radiation immediate reactivity cut-offs, in @entity1 treated with @entity5457 vs. those treated with @entity5458 . METHOD: This prospective, observational study included @entity1 with @entity817 mutant metastatic @entity320 : 34 @entity1 treated with @entity5457 and 9 with @entity5458 . RESULTS: The visible-light phototest results in @entity1 treated with @entity5457 were all negative before and after 2 months of treatment. The UVA radiation phototests conducted 1 or 2 weeks post- @entity5457 discontinuation in 4 @entity1 showed a normalised UVA-radiation reactivity cut-off. UVA radiation phototests after 2 months of treatment were conducted for all @entity1 . The UVA radiation reactivity cut-off had been lowered for 30 @entity1 (88%) on @entity5457 and 3 @entity1 (33%) on @entity5458 . The median UVA radiation reactivity cut-off was 12  J/cm(2) for the @entity1 on @entity5457 and 20  J/cm(2) for the @entity1 on @entity5458 . CONCLUSION: @entity817 inhibitor @entity6337 is exclusively triggered by UVA radiation and resolves rapidly post-treatment discontinuation. A significant difference between the UVA immediate reactivity cut-offs, @entity5457 vs. @entity5458 , explains the difference in the clinical photosensitivity rates reported in the clinical trials.

title: @entity6337 of XXXX inhibitors: Exclusively due to UVA radiation and rapidly regressive.

answer: @entity817 :: (673,Gene) :: ['B-RAF']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While cooled radiofrequency ablation (C-RFA) appears to be a promising technology for joint denervation, outcomes of this technique for the treatment of @entity2649 have not been described. We report clinical outcomes in a case series of @entity1 treated with C-RFA for @entity2649 . METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 aged 18-60 years diagnosed with @entity2649 , confirmed by >= 75% symptom relief with at least one set of diagnostic medial branch nerve blocks, who underwent C-RFA between January 2007 and December 2013 in an urban @entity158 center were included. The respective proportions of @entity1 who reported >= 50% improvement in @entity158 and in function were calculated. Change in median NRS score, daily @entity1286 equivalent consumption (DME), and medication quantification scale III (MQS III) score were measured. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 underwent C-RFA; three were lost to follow-up. The median and 25%-75% interquartile range (IQR) for age was 44 years (35, 54). The median duration of follow-up was 34 months, IQR (21, 55). The percentage and 95% confidence interval (CI) of @entity1 who reported >= 50% improvement in @entity158 was 33% CI (12%, 64%) and in function was 78%, CI (41%, 96%). There was no significant change in DME or MSQ III score. Approximately 50% of @entity1 sought additional healthcare by long-term follow-up. No complications were reported. CONCLUSIONS: This case series suggests that C-RFA may improve function and to a @entity158 at long-term follow-up. A randomized, controlled trial is warranted.

title: A Novel Modality for Facet Joint Denervation: Cooled Radiofrequency Ablation for XXXX . A Case Series.

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar facet syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['academic pain', 'pain', 'lesser degree pain']

answer: @entity2649 :: (MESH:C563613,Disease) :: ['Lumbar Facet Syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammation-related parameters based on blood cells, including white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet count, and red cell distribution width (RDW), have been shown to be associated with prognosis in many @entity5 . However, no previous study evaluated these inflammation-associated markers simultaneously in upper tract @entity189 (UTUC). METHODS: A total of 195 @entity1 with UTUC who received radical nephroureterectomy between 2005 and 2010 were included retrospectively as the derivation cohort to investigate the impact of inflammation markers on @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity5 -specific survival (CSS). In turn, another independent set of 225 @entity1 were used for validation. Finally, we performed survival analysis in the combined cohort consisting of 420 UTUC @entity1 . RESULTS: The predictive value of RDW and WBC count on outcome was replicable in different cohorts. Multivariate analysis showed high RDW was independently associated with poor @entity1349 (P < 0.001), and WBC count was a significant prognosticator for both @entity1349 and CSS (both P < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, we found the prognostic significance of RDW for @entity1349 was limited in organ-confined disease ( <=pT2 without pN+). More importantly, a clear survival difference can be demonstrated by combining RDW and WBC count with other known prognostic factors in the risk stratification model. CONCLUSIONS: RDW and WBC count have the advantage of their common accessibility and are useful markers to predict outcome of UTUC in the preoperative setting. RDW and WBC count could provide additional prognostic value and help physicians identify @entity1 at high risk for mortality and formulate individualized treatment strategy.

title: The Prognostic Significance of Inflammation-Associated Blood Cell Markers in @entity1 with Upper Tract XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Urothelial Carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammation-related parameters based on blood cells, including white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet count, and red cell distribution width (RDW), have been shown to be associated with prognosis in many @entity5 . However, no previous study evaluated these inflammation-associated markers simultaneously in upper tract @entity189 (UTUC). METHODS: A total of 195 @entity1 with UTUC who received radical nephroureterectomy between 2005 and 2010 were included retrospectively as the derivation cohort to investigate the impact of inflammation markers on @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity5 -specific survival (CSS). In turn, another independent set of 225 @entity1 were used for validation. Finally, we performed survival analysis in the combined cohort consisting of 420 UTUC @entity1 . RESULTS: The predictive value of RDW and WBC count on outcome was replicable in different cohorts. Multivariate analysis showed high RDW was independently associated with poor @entity1349 (P < 0.001), and WBC count was a significant prognosticator for both @entity1349 and CSS (both P < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, we found the prognostic significance of RDW for @entity1349 was limited in organ-confined disease ( <=pT2 without pN+). More importantly, a clear survival difference can be demonstrated by combining RDW and WBC count with other known prognostic factors in the risk stratification model. CONCLUSIONS: RDW and WBC count have the advantage of their common accessibility and are useful markers to predict outcome of UTUC in the preoperative setting. RDW and WBC count could provide additional prognostic value and help physicians identify @entity1 at high risk for mortality and formulate individualized treatment strategy.

title: The Prognostic Significance of Inflammation-Associated Blood Cell Markers in XXXX with Upper Tract @entity189 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Elderly with several pathologies are usually treated with many drugs, and are exposed to a majored risk of drug-induced adverse effects. A network of local nursing homes (EHPAD) in the south Seine-Saint-Denis area (France) created a geriatric drug guidelines to improve the quality of the drugs prescriptions. This study assesses the conformity of prescriptions in elderly @entity1 prior and after the distribution of the booklet. METHODS: This before and after design study focused on the drug prescriptions for @entity1 in eight EHPAD followed for two randomly given days in 2012 (n = 503) and 2013 (n = 334). The geriatric drug guidelines included a list of medicines suitable for the elderly (conformity list) and recommendations for prescription and monitoring. Data collection was conducted from medical records and interviews with coordinators doctors and nursing staff in nursing homes. A 6 items-quality score was calculated, ranging from 0 (lowest quality) to 6 (highest quality). RESULTS: Median age, weight and @entity1011 level were respectively 88 years, 61.0 kg, and 74.9  mol/L (prior) and 88 years, 59.6 kg, and 77.0  mol/L (after). Median times of latest serum @entity1011 dosage were 112 days (prior) and 108 days (after). The median number of prescribed drugs was 8 per resident during the two period of study. The conformity rate of prescription was better prior the distribution of the guidelines, respectively 87.5% and 80.0% ( @entity6585     ). The average formal quality score was better after the distribution of the booklet increasing form 4.23 to 4.40 points ( @entity6585      ). For high risk inducing drugs, monitoring was prescribed in 34.2% (prior) and 32.4% (after). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the drug geriatric guidelines does not improve prescription conformity and monitoring for high risk drugs, but it does significantly improve the median formal quality score.

title: [Impact of Geriatric Drug Guidelines on the Quality Requirement of Elderly XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Electrical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve evokes a ;short latency depolarization' ( @entity851 ) in the first order sensory neurones of the mesencephalic nucleus (MSN) of the Vth nerve in the @entity35 . A series of experiments suggesting ;electrotonic coupling' as the mechanism for this @entity851 is provided.1. Electrical activity of MSN neurones was recorded intracellularly as action potentials were conducted from the periphery (somatopetally) to the masticatory nucleus. Typical sequential invasion of the initial segment and somatic region (IS-S) of the neurones was seen. The somatopetal activation of MSN neurones was characterized by the brevity, short refractoriness, high safety factor (IS-S), and short after-hyperpolarization of the spike potential.2. In twenty-three (10.5%) of the penetrated neurones, stimulation at levels subthreshold for somatopetal activation uncovered a @entity851 with a mean latency of 180 musec.3. The SLDs were found to be all-or-none in nature, and to have constant amplitude and latency for a given cell, plus a short half decay time.4. Hyperpolarization of a MSN neurone through the recording electrode produced a blockage of the IS-S spike and revealed M-spikes and SLDs which could be clearly separated, in every instance, as distinct all-or-none components. The amplitude of the @entity851 was found to be insensitive to the level of membrane potential within the ranges tested.5. In fifteen neurones the @entity851 generated action potentials which were conducted somatofugally as shown by their collision with somatopetally conducted action potentials in the same cell. The lack of collision between the @entity851 and somatopetal spikes demonstrated the independent origin of these two potentials.6. The independence of the @entity851 from the somatopetal invasion of the cell was also demonstrated by collision of a somatofugal action potential following direct stimulation through the recording micro-electrode and a somatopetal spike following trigeminal stimulation.7. Two possible mechanisms are considered for the genesis of the @entity851 : chemical synaptic transmission and electrotonic coupling between neighbouring cells. The conclusion is drawn that SLDs must be generated by the latter mechanism.

title: Electrotonic coupling between neurones in the XXXX mesencephalic nucleus.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The interferon (IFN) signature ( @entity2717 ) in @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) includes over 100 genes induced by type I IFN pathway activation. We developed a method to quantify the @entity2717 using three genes-the @entity2717 ( @entity2717 )-and characterised the clinical characteristics of @entity1 with @entity1252 with different @entity2717 status from multiple clinical trials. METHODS: Blood microarray expression data from a training cohort of @entity1 with @entity1252 confirmed the presence of the @entity2717 and identified surrogate genes. We assayed these genes in a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay, yielding an @entity2717 from the @entity2717 . The association of @entity2717 status with clinical disease characteristics was assessed in @entity1 with extrarenal lupus and @entity1988 from four clinical trials. RESULTS: Three genes, @entity69008 , EPSTI and @entity46544 , correlated well with the @entity2717 (p>0.96), and composed the @entity2717 qPCR assay. Using the 95th centile for healthy control data, @entity1 with @entity1252 from different studies were classified into two @entity2717 subsets- @entity2717 -Low and @entity2717 -High-that are longitudinally stable over 36   weeks. Significant associations were identified between @entity2717 -High status and higher titres of anti-dsDNA antibodies, presence of anti extractable nuclear antigen autoantibodies, elevated serum @entity8410 of the @entity5 necrosis factor family ( @entity8410 ) levels, and hypocomplementaemia. However, measures of overall clinical disease activity were similar for @entity2717 -High and @entity2717 -Low groups. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity2717 is an @entity2717 biomarker that divides @entity1 with @entity1252 into two subpopulations- @entity2717 -High and @entity2717 -Low-with differing serological manifestations. The @entity2717 does not distinguish between high and low disease activity, but may have utility in identifying @entity1 more likely to respond to treatment(s) targeting @entity686 . CLINICALTRIALSGOV REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00962832.

title: Association of the interferon signature metric with serological disease manifestations but not global activity scores in multiple cohorts of @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8410 :: ('10673', 'Gene') :: ['B cell activating factor', 'BAFF']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['SLE']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The interferon (IFN) signature ( @entity2717 ) in @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) includes over 100 genes induced by type I IFN pathway activation. We developed a method to quantify the @entity2717 using three genes-the @entity2717 ( @entity2717 )-and characterised the clinical characteristics of @entity1 with @entity1252 with different @entity2717 status from multiple clinical trials. METHODS: Blood microarray expression data from a training cohort of @entity1 with @entity1252 confirmed the presence of the @entity2717 and identified surrogate genes. We assayed these genes in a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay, yielding an @entity2717 from the @entity2717 . The association of @entity2717 status with clinical disease characteristics was assessed in @entity1 with extrarenal lupus and @entity1988 from four clinical trials. RESULTS: Three genes, @entity69008 , EPSTI and @entity46544 , correlated well with the @entity2717 (p>0.96), and composed the @entity2717 qPCR assay. Using the 95th centile for healthy control data, @entity1 with @entity1252 from different studies were classified into two @entity2717 subsets- @entity2717 -Low and @entity2717 -High-that are longitudinally stable over 36   weeks. Significant associations were identified between @entity2717 -High status and higher titres of anti-dsDNA antibodies, presence of anti extractable nuclear antigen autoantibodies, elevated serum @entity8410 of the @entity5 necrosis factor family ( @entity8410 ) levels, and hypocomplementaemia. However, measures of overall clinical disease activity were similar for @entity2717 -High and @entity2717 -Low groups. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity2717 is an @entity2717 biomarker that divides @entity1 with @entity1252 into two subpopulations- @entity2717 -High and @entity2717 -Low-with differing serological manifestations. The @entity2717 does not distinguish between high and low disease activity, but may have utility in identifying @entity1 more likely to respond to treatment(s) targeting @entity686 . CLINICALTRIALSGOV REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00962832.

title: Association of the interferon signature metric with serological disease manifestations but not global activity scores in multiple cohorts of XXXX with @entity1252 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: During the past years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been established as a reliable method for examination of the kidneys. Modern MRI systems enable to visualize renal masses with a high spatial resolution. This enables not only to differentiate between @entity703 but also to define the @entity5 stage with high accuracy. The impact of a precise preoperative staging has increased significantly due to stage adapted therapy approaches such as nephron sparing surgery or local ablative techniques (e.g. radiofrequency ablation). Tumor-related infiltration of the renal pelvis, infiltration of the perinephric fat or a @entity5 thrombus within the inferior caval vein has to be diagnosed with high accuracy to enable these stage adapted treatment regimens. This article introduces into clinically established "morphologic" MRI techniques for diagnosis and staging of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). Besides detection and staging of @entity703 , the recent development of molecularly targeted therapies in @entity1 with metastatic or non-operable @entity5 has led to novel diagnostic demands. To evaluate treatment efficiency, more information than just @entity5 morphology should be provided. Functional imaging techniques including dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), arterial spin labeling (ASL) and MR-spectroscopy are being investigated in preclinical and clinical trials. While some new techniques have shown promising results for a broad clinical application, others seem to be suited for dedicated questions only.

title: Current role and future perspective of MRI for diagnosis and characterization of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['kidney cancer', 'benign lesions and renal cancer']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine external and @entity85 , and satisfaction with nasal functioning and appearance, in @entity8222 . STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted. METHODS: Eleven adult @entity1 with @entity8222 were compared with 151 controls in terms of satisfaction with nasal functioning and appearance by means of the Nasal Appearance and Function Evaluation Questionnaire. In all @entity1 with @entity8222 , external @entity85 were scored on standardized digital photographs of the nose as rated independently by three experienced physicians. @entity85 was determined by standardized nasal endoscopy. RESULTS: The @entity1 were relatively satisfied with the various esthetic nasal subunits. The most significant functional problems were snoring (P  =  0.001) and quality of phonation (P  =  0.003). The main external @entity85 were the dorsal hump (73%), external deviation ( <=55%), the bifid or bulbous nasal tip (55%), and @entity9009 (55%). In 82% of the @entity1 , a septal deviation was found, often associated with spurs. CONCLUSION: Satisfaction with esthetics of the nose was fair, but these @entity1 suffer from the functional problems of snoring and impaired quality of phonation. A structured nasal ENT physical examination with nasal endoscopy might determine aspects requiring more attention during treatment. Septorhinoplasty can be performed at an adult age if there is a considerable esthetic wish of the @entity1 and/or nasal obstruction combined with septal deviation. Attention should be paid to dorsal hump reduction, correction of the deviated external osseous framework, septoplasty, and correction of the nasal tip shape. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2b.

title: Nasal sequelae of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Endonasal deformity', 'nasal deformities', 'endonasal deformity']

entities_list: @entity8222 :: ('MESH:D008342', 'Disease') :: ['Treacher Collins syndrome']

entities_list: @entity9009 :: ('MESH:D018658', 'Disease') :: ['columellar septal luxation']

answer: @entity8222 :: (MESH:D008342,Disease) :: ['Treacher Collins syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to determine how frequently the conventionally defined "idiopathic" @entity4822 are associated with subradiological cam deformities of the head-neck junction and whether a protective femoral osteochondroplasty may improve the outcome of their arthroscopic treatment. METHODS: All the non-arthritic or pre-arthritic @entity158 hips diagnosed as having a primary @entity130 were retrospectively evaluated. Coxometric data, clinical history and physical findings were reviewed to rule out any possible secondary lesion. The medical records of the selected cases were analyzed as for imaging features, surgical findings and post-arthroscopy outcome. RESULTS: Three cases out of 79 @entity130 were identified as "primary" on the basis of the preoperative assessment. All the three @entity1 were female in their fourth decade and showed a @entity16 consistent with undetected cam FAI (cartilage delamination in the anterolateral acetabular quadrant, minor pathology of the adjacent labrum with or without @entity1172 , abrasion signs and @entity558 along the anterolateral head-neck junction). The first @entity1 received a simple chondrolabral treatment whose benefits deteriorated few months after surgery; the second @entity1 underwent @entity2096 and is still pain-free; and the third @entity1 had a beneficial revision arthroscopy for femoral osteochondroplasty after prior unsuccessful chondrolabral surgery. CONCLUSIONS: If a @entity130 of the hip is associated with MR arthrographic and arthroscopic indirect signs of cam FAI, a subradiological @entity135 should be considered despite normal alpha angles. In such cases, a protective femoral osteochondroplasty may increase the success rate of the chondrolabral repair. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: Subradiological cam deformity of the head-neck junction: an occult cause of @entity158 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head-neck deformity']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['herniation pits']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['joint damage']

entities_list: @entity4822 :: ('MESH:D025981', 'Disease') :: ['chondrolabral hip injuries']

entities_list: @entity1172 :: ('MESH:D001010', 'Disease') :: ['chondrolabral separation']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['chondrolabral repair and femoral osteochondroplasty']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['chondrolabral injury', 'chondrolabral injuries']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['chondrolabral damage']


abstract: PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to determine how frequently the conventionally defined "idiopathic" @entity4822 are associated with subradiological cam deformities of the head-neck junction and whether a protective femoral osteochondroplasty may improve the outcome of their arthroscopic treatment. METHODS: All the non-arthritic or pre-arthritic @entity158 hips diagnosed as having a primary @entity130 were retrospectively evaluated. Coxometric data, clinical history and physical findings were reviewed to rule out any possible secondary lesion. The medical records of the selected cases were analyzed as for imaging features, surgical findings and post-arthroscopy outcome. RESULTS: Three cases out of 79 @entity130 were identified as "primary" on the basis of the preoperative assessment. All the three @entity1 were female in their fourth decade and showed a @entity16 consistent with undetected cam FAI (cartilage delamination in the anterolateral acetabular quadrant, minor pathology of the adjacent labrum with or without @entity1172 , abrasion signs and @entity558 along the anterolateral head-neck junction). The first @entity1 received a simple chondrolabral treatment whose benefits deteriorated few months after surgery; the second @entity1 underwent @entity2096 and is still pain-free; and the third @entity1 had a beneficial revision arthroscopy for femoral osteochondroplasty after prior unsuccessful chondrolabral surgery. CONCLUSIONS: If a @entity130 of the hip is associated with MR arthrographic and arthroscopic indirect signs of cam FAI, a subradiological @entity135 should be considered despite normal alpha angles. In such cases, a protective femoral osteochondroplasty may increase the success rate of the chondrolabral repair. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: Subradiological cam deformity of the head-neck junction: an occult cause of XXXX and @entity16 .

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['hip pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pressure Ulcers   (PUs) often is an indication of quality of nursing care as it remains as severe manifestation of the integrity of impaired skin. Our study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrocolloid dressings and @entity2367 dressings in healing of PU. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study was done at Chinese hospital between Feb 2014-November 2014. 72 study group @entity1 and 25 control group @entity1 were included in the study. The study group @entity1 were divided into Group A with 24 @entity1 received only ordinary hydrocolloid dressings, Group B with 24 @entity1 who @entity2367 containing hydrocolloid dressings and Group C with 24 @entity1 received both @entity15850 and @entity2367 dressings. Dressings were applied for 4 weeks. The dressings were changed every 10 days and @entity272 such as pH of the skin, hydration are measured by capacitive method. RESULTS: Among 72 study population 48 (66.7%) were male and 24 (33.3%) were females. Group A with 18 (75%) males and 6 (25%) females, group B with 20 (83.3%) males and 4 (16.7%) females, and group C with 10 (41.7%) males and 14 (58.3%) females. 25 Control group @entity1 with 8 (32%) males and 16 (68%) females. Erythema seen in 4/24 (16.67%) group A @entity1 , group B and C @entity1 had 1/24 (4.17%) @entity5105 . In control group @entity1 6/25(24%) developed @entity5105 . CONCLUSIONS: In our study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the hydrocolloid dressings and @entity2367 containing dressings in which @entity2367 containing dressings showed effective prevention and water holding capacity. Our study highlights that @entity2367 containing dressings found to be more effective in reducing @entity5105 and improving the healing of PU.

title: Evaluation of effectiveness of hydrocolloid dressing vs XXXX containing dressing against pressure ulcers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity15850 :: ('MESH:D003102', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocolloid']

entities_list: @entity2367 :: ('CHEBI:17761', 'Chemical') :: ['ceramide']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin conditions']

answer: @entity2367 :: (CHEBI:17761,Chemical) :: ['ceramide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5336 -dependent haloperoxidases (VHPOs) perform two-electron oxidation of @entity48453 using @entity273 . Their mechanism, including the factors determining the substrate specificity and the pH- @entity734 of the catalytic rates, is poorly understood. The @entity8870 cofactor in the active site of VHPOs contains "spectroscopically silent" V(V), which does not change oxidation state during the reaction. We employed an NMR crystallography approach based on @entity72148 magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory, to gain insights into the structure and coordination environment of the cofactor in the resting state of @entity5336 -dependent chloroperoxidases (VCPO). The cofactor environments in the wild type VCPO and its @entity72149 / @entity72150 / @entity72151 mutant exhibiting 5-100 fold improved catalytic activity are examined at various pH values. Optimal sensitivity attained owing to the fast MAS probe technologies enabled the assignment of the location and number of protons on the @entity8870 as a function of pH. The @entity8870 cofactor changes its protonation from quadruply protonated at pH 6.3 to triply protonated at pH 7.3 to doubly protonated at pH 8.3. In contrast, in the mutant, the @entity8870 protonation is the same at pH 5.0 and 8.3, and the cofactor is doubly protonated. This methodology to identify the distinct protonation environments of the cofactor, which are also pH dependent, could help explain the different reactivities of the wild type and mutant VCPO and their pH- @entity734 . This study demonstrates that (51)V-based NMR crystallography can be used to derive the detailed coordination environments of @entity5336 centers in large biological molecules.

title: @entity72148 NMR Crystallography of @entity5336 Chloroperoxidase and its Directed Evolution @entity72149 / @entity72150 / XXXX Mutant: Protonation Environments of the Active Site.

entities_list: @entity5336 :: ('MESH:D014639', 'Chemical') :: ['vanadium', 'Vanadium']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity8870 :: ('MESH:D014638', 'Chemical') :: ['vanadate']

answer: @entity72151 :: (c|SUB|T|343|A,DNAMutation) :: ['T343A']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5336 -dependent haloperoxidases (VHPOs) perform two-electron oxidation of @entity48453 using @entity273 . Their mechanism, including the factors determining the substrate specificity and the pH- @entity734 of the catalytic rates, is poorly understood. The @entity8870 cofactor in the active site of VHPOs contains "spectroscopically silent" V(V), which does not change oxidation state during the reaction. We employed an NMR crystallography approach based on @entity72148 magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory, to gain insights into the structure and coordination environment of the cofactor in the resting state of @entity5336 -dependent chloroperoxidases (VCPO). The cofactor environments in the wild type VCPO and its @entity72149 / @entity72150 / @entity72151 mutant exhibiting 5-100 fold improved catalytic activity are examined at various pH values. Optimal sensitivity attained owing to the fast MAS probe technologies enabled the assignment of the location and number of protons on the @entity8870 as a function of pH. The @entity8870 cofactor changes its protonation from quadruply protonated at pH 6.3 to triply protonated at pH 7.3 to doubly protonated at pH 8.3. In contrast, in the mutant, the @entity8870 protonation is the same at pH 5.0 and 8.3, and the cofactor is doubly protonated. This methodology to identify the distinct protonation environments of the cofactor, which are also pH dependent, could help explain the different reactivities of the wild type and mutant VCPO and their pH- @entity734 . This study demonstrates that (51)V-based NMR crystallography can be used to derive the detailed coordination environments of @entity5336 centers in large biological molecules.

title: XXXX NMR Crystallography of @entity5336 Chloroperoxidase and its Directed Evolution @entity72149 / @entity72150 / @entity72151 Mutant: Protonation Environments of the Active Site.

answer: @entity72148 :: (CHEBI:52456,Chemical) :: ['(51)V']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5336 -dependent haloperoxidases (VHPOs) perform two-electron oxidation of @entity48453 using @entity273 . Their mechanism, including the factors determining the substrate specificity and the pH- @entity734 of the catalytic rates, is poorly understood. The @entity8870 cofactor in the active site of VHPOs contains "spectroscopically silent" V(V), which does not change oxidation state during the reaction. We employed an NMR crystallography approach based on @entity72148 magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory, to gain insights into the structure and coordination environment of the cofactor in the resting state of @entity5336 -dependent chloroperoxidases (VCPO). The cofactor environments in the wild type VCPO and its @entity72149 / @entity72150 / @entity72151 mutant exhibiting 5-100 fold improved catalytic activity are examined at various pH values. Optimal sensitivity attained owing to the fast MAS probe technologies enabled the assignment of the location and number of protons on the @entity8870 as a function of pH. The @entity8870 cofactor changes its protonation from quadruply protonated at pH 6.3 to triply protonated at pH 7.3 to doubly protonated at pH 8.3. In contrast, in the mutant, the @entity8870 protonation is the same at pH 5.0 and 8.3, and the cofactor is doubly protonated. This methodology to identify the distinct protonation environments of the cofactor, which are also pH dependent, could help explain the different reactivities of the wild type and mutant VCPO and their pH- @entity734 . This study demonstrates that (51)V-based NMR crystallography can be used to derive the detailed coordination environments of @entity5336 centers in large biological molecules.

title: @entity72148 NMR Crystallography of XXXX Chloroperoxidase and its Directed Evolution @entity72149 / @entity72150 / @entity72151 Mutant: Protonation Environments of the Active Site.

answer: @entity5336 :: (MESH:D014639,Chemical) :: ['Vanadium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5336 -dependent haloperoxidases (VHPOs) perform two-electron oxidation of @entity48453 using @entity273 . Their mechanism, including the factors determining the substrate specificity and the pH- @entity734 of the catalytic rates, is poorly understood. The @entity8870 cofactor in the active site of VHPOs contains "spectroscopically silent" V(V), which does not change oxidation state during the reaction. We employed an NMR crystallography approach based on @entity72148 magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory, to gain insights into the structure and coordination environment of the cofactor in the resting state of @entity5336 -dependent chloroperoxidases (VCPO). The cofactor environments in the wild type VCPO and its @entity72149 / @entity72150 / @entity72151 mutant exhibiting 5-100 fold improved catalytic activity are examined at various pH values. Optimal sensitivity attained owing to the fast MAS probe technologies enabled the assignment of the location and number of protons on the @entity8870 as a function of pH. The @entity8870 cofactor changes its protonation from quadruply protonated at pH 6.3 to triply protonated at pH 7.3 to doubly protonated at pH 8.3. In contrast, in the mutant, the @entity8870 protonation is the same at pH 5.0 and 8.3, and the cofactor is doubly protonated. This methodology to identify the distinct protonation environments of the cofactor, which are also pH dependent, could help explain the different reactivities of the wild type and mutant VCPO and their pH- @entity734 . This study demonstrates that (51)V-based NMR crystallography can be used to derive the detailed coordination environments of @entity5336 centers in large biological molecules.

title: @entity72148 NMR Crystallography of @entity5336 Chloroperoxidase and its Directed Evolution XXXX / @entity72150 / @entity72151 Mutant: Protonation Environments of the Active Site.

answer: @entity72149 :: (p|SUB|P|395|D,ProteinMutation) :: ['P395D']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5336 -dependent haloperoxidases (VHPOs) perform two-electron oxidation of @entity48453 using @entity273 . Their mechanism, including the factors determining the substrate specificity and the pH- @entity734 of the catalytic rates, is poorly understood. The @entity8870 cofactor in the active site of VHPOs contains "spectroscopically silent" V(V), which does not change oxidation state during the reaction. We employed an NMR crystallography approach based on @entity72148 magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory, to gain insights into the structure and coordination environment of the cofactor in the resting state of @entity5336 -dependent chloroperoxidases (VCPO). The cofactor environments in the wild type VCPO and its @entity72149 / @entity72150 / @entity72151 mutant exhibiting 5-100 fold improved catalytic activity are examined at various pH values. Optimal sensitivity attained owing to the fast MAS probe technologies enabled the assignment of the location and number of protons on the @entity8870 as a function of pH. The @entity8870 cofactor changes its protonation from quadruply protonated at pH 6.3 to triply protonated at pH 7.3 to doubly protonated at pH 8.3. In contrast, in the mutant, the @entity8870 protonation is the same at pH 5.0 and 8.3, and the cofactor is doubly protonated. This methodology to identify the distinct protonation environments of the cofactor, which are also pH dependent, could help explain the different reactivities of the wild type and mutant VCPO and their pH- @entity734 . This study demonstrates that (51)V-based NMR crystallography can be used to derive the detailed coordination environments of @entity5336 centers in large biological molecules.

title: @entity72148 NMR Crystallography of @entity5336 Chloroperoxidase and its Directed Evolution @entity72149 / XXXX / @entity72151 Mutant: Protonation Environments of the Active Site.

answer: @entity72150 :: (p|SUB|L|241|V,ProteinMutation) :: ['L241V']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5456 (formerly known as @entity5456 ) gene encodes for a transcription factor that regulates gene expression involved in normal mesodermal and endodermal developments. A close association between @entity72152 polymorphism of @entity5456 gene and decreased @entity1204 ( @entity1204 ) risk has been demonstrated. The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that @entity72152 polymorphism can influence the prognosis of @entity1204 @entity1 . METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Clinical and pathological data were extrapolated and genotypes were assessed on @entity406 -fixed and @entity982 -embedded @entity5 tissues. The influence of @entity1 ' genotype on overall survival and progression free survival were our main outcome measures. RESULTS: A total of 191 @entity1204 @entity1 were included in the final analysis. Overall survival differed significantly (P   =   0.003) among genotypes. At multivariate analysis, a significant (P   <   0.05) effect on overall survival was detected for FIGO stage, and @entity72152 polymorphism of @entity5456 gene. After grouping @entity1204 @entity1 according to adjuvant treatment, @entity72152 polymorphism resulted significantly (P   <   0.001) related to overall survival only in subjects who received radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. A significant (P   =   0.014) interaction between @entity72152 polymorphism and chemo-radiotherapy was also detected. Finally, only a trend (P   =   0.090) towards significance was observed for @entity72152 polymorphism effect on progression free survival. CONCLUSIONS: @entity72152 polymorphism of @entity5456 gene influences independently the prognosis of @entity1204 @entity1 with a potential effect on @entity5 chemo-sensitivity.

title: XXXX polymorphism influences the prognosis of @entity1204 @entity1 : a cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'EC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'non-tumour']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

answer: @entity5456 :: (6928,Gene) :: ['HNF1B']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5456 (formerly known as @entity5456 ) gene encodes for a transcription factor that regulates gene expression involved in normal mesodermal and endodermal developments. A close association between @entity72152 polymorphism of @entity5456 gene and decreased @entity1204 ( @entity1204 ) risk has been demonstrated. The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that @entity72152 polymorphism can influence the prognosis of @entity1204 @entity1 . METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Clinical and pathological data were extrapolated and genotypes were assessed on @entity406 -fixed and @entity982 -embedded @entity5 tissues. The influence of @entity1 ' genotype on overall survival and progression free survival were our main outcome measures. RESULTS: A total of 191 @entity1204 @entity1 were included in the final analysis. Overall survival differed significantly (P   =   0.003) among genotypes. At multivariate analysis, a significant (P   <   0.05) effect on overall survival was detected for FIGO stage, and @entity72152 polymorphism of @entity5456 gene. After grouping @entity1204 @entity1 according to adjuvant treatment, @entity72152 polymorphism resulted significantly (P   <   0.001) related to overall survival only in subjects who received radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. A significant (P   =   0.014) interaction between @entity72152 polymorphism and chemo-radiotherapy was also detected. Finally, only a trend (P   =   0.090) towards significance was observed for @entity72152 polymorphism effect on progression free survival. CONCLUSIONS: @entity72152 polymorphism of @entity5456 gene influences independently the prognosis of @entity1204 @entity1 with a potential effect on @entity5 chemo-sensitivity.

title: @entity5456 polymorphism influences the prognosis of XXXX @entity1 : a cohort study.

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5456 (formerly known as @entity5456 ) gene encodes for a transcription factor that regulates gene expression involved in normal mesodermal and endodermal developments. A close association between @entity72152 polymorphism of @entity5456 gene and decreased @entity1204 ( @entity1204 ) risk has been demonstrated. The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that @entity72152 polymorphism can influence the prognosis of @entity1204 @entity1 . METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Clinical and pathological data were extrapolated and genotypes were assessed on @entity406 -fixed and @entity982 -embedded @entity5 tissues. The influence of @entity1 ' genotype on overall survival and progression free survival were our main outcome measures. RESULTS: A total of 191 @entity1204 @entity1 were included in the final analysis. Overall survival differed significantly (P   =   0.003) among genotypes. At multivariate analysis, a significant (P   <   0.05) effect on overall survival was detected for FIGO stage, and @entity72152 polymorphism of @entity5456 gene. After grouping @entity1204 @entity1 according to adjuvant treatment, @entity72152 polymorphism resulted significantly (P   <   0.001) related to overall survival only in subjects who received radiotherapy plus chemotherapy. A significant (P   =   0.014) interaction between @entity72152 polymorphism and chemo-radiotherapy was also detected. Finally, only a trend (P   =   0.090) towards significance was observed for @entity72152 polymorphism effect on progression free survival. CONCLUSIONS: @entity72152 polymorphism of @entity5456 gene influences independently the prognosis of @entity1204 @entity1 with a potential effect on @entity5 chemo-sensitivity.

title: @entity5456 polymorphism influences the prognosis of @entity1204 XXXX : a cohort study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In a randomized controlled trial comparing tight @entity413 control with a computerized decision support system and conventional protocols (post hoc analysis), we tested the hypothesis that @entity4053 is associated with a poor outcome, even when controlling for initial severity. METHODS: We looked for moderate (2.2 to 3.3 mmol/L) and severe (<2.2 mmol/L) @entity4053 , multiple hypoglycemic events (n >= 3) and the other main components of glycemic control (mean blood @entity413 level and blood @entity413 coefficient of variation (CV)). The primary endpoint was 90-day mortality. We used both a multivariable analysis taking into account only variables observed at admission and a multivariable matching process (greedy matching algorithm; caliper width of 10(-5) digit with no replacement). RESULTS: A total of 2,601 @entity1 were analyzed and divided into three groups: no @entity4053 (n =1,474), moderate @entity4053 (n =874, 34%) and severe @entity4053 (n =253, 10%). @entity1 with moderate or severe @entity4053 had a poorer prognosis, as shown by a higher mortality rate (36% and 54%, respectively, vs. 28%) and decreased number of treatment-free days. In the multivariable analysis, severe (odds ratio (OR), 1.50; 95% CI, 1.36 to 1.56; P =0.043) and multiple hypoglycemic events (OR, 1.76, 95% CI, 1.31 to 3.37; P <0.001) were significantly associated with mortality, whereas blood @entity413 CV was not. Using multivariable matching, @entity1 with severe (53% vs. 35%; P <0.001), moderate (33% vs. 27%; P =0.029) and multiple hypoglycemic events (46% vs. 32%, P <0.001) had a higher 90-day mortality. CONCLUSION: In a large cohort of ICU @entity1 , severe @entity4053 and multiple hypoglycemic events were associated with increased 90-day mortality. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01002482 . Registered 26 October 2009.

title: Severe and multiple hypoglycemic episodes are associated with increased risk of death in ICU XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Large registries are important data sources in epidemiological studies of @entity1457 , if these registries are valid. Therefore, we examined the positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of diagnosis codes for @entity1457 , the procedure codes for inotropic/vasopressor therapy among @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity1457 , and the combination of a @entity1457 diagnosis and a code for inotropic/vasopressor therapy in the Danish National @entity1 Registry (DNPR). METHODS: We randomly selected 190 inpatients with an International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) diagnosis of @entity1457 at Aarhus University Hospital from 2005-2012 using the DNPR; 50 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity1455 , 40 @entity1 with @entity1457 , and 100 @entity1 with @entity326 . We used medical charts as the reference standard and calculated the @entity2286 with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall @entity1457 and for each type of @entity1457 separately. We also examined the @entity2286 for inotropic/vasopressor therapy and the @entity2286 for @entity1457 when a concurrent code for inotropic/vasopressor therapy was also registered. RESULTS: The @entity2286 was 86.1% (95% CI: 79.7-91.1) for @entity1457 overall, 93.5% (95% CI: 82.1-98.6) for @entity1455 , 70.6% (95% CI: 52.5-84.9) for @entity1457 , and 69.2% (95% CI: 57.7-79.2) for @entity326 . The @entity2286 of use of inotropes/vasopressors among @entity1457 @entity1 was 88.9% (95% CI: 79.3-95.1). When both a @entity1457 code and a procedure code for inotropic/vasopressor therapy were used, the @entity2286 for @entity1457 overall was 93.1% (95% CI: 84.5-97.7). ICD-10 codes for subtypes of @entity1457 and simultaneously registered use of inotropes/vasopressors provided PPVs of 96.0% (95% CI: 79.6-99.9) for @entity1455 , 69.2% (95% CI: 38.6-90.9) for @entity1457 , and 82.4% (95% CI: 65.5-93.2) for @entity326 . CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we found a moderately high @entity2286 for @entity1457 in the DNPR. The @entity2286 was highest for @entity1455 but lower for @entity3485 and @entity326 . Combination diagnoses of @entity1457 with codes for inotropic/vasopressor therapy further increased the @entity2286 of @entity1457 overall, and for cardiogenic and @entity326 diagnoses.

title: Positive predictive value of International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, diagnosis codes for cardiogenic, XXXX , and @entity326 in the Danish National @entity1 Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['shock', 'hypovolemic shock']

entities_list: @entity3485 :: ('MESH:D020896', 'Disease') :: ['hypovolemic']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity3485 :: (MESH:D020896,Disease) :: ['hypovolemic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Large registries are important data sources in epidemiological studies of @entity1457 , if these registries are valid. Therefore, we examined the positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of diagnosis codes for @entity1457 , the procedure codes for inotropic/vasopressor therapy among @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity1457 , and the combination of a @entity1457 diagnosis and a code for inotropic/vasopressor therapy in the Danish National @entity1 Registry (DNPR). METHODS: We randomly selected 190 inpatients with an International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) diagnosis of @entity1457 at Aarhus University Hospital from 2005-2012 using the DNPR; 50 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity1455 , 40 @entity1 with @entity1457 , and 100 @entity1 with @entity326 . We used medical charts as the reference standard and calculated the @entity2286 with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall @entity1457 and for each type of @entity1457 separately. We also examined the @entity2286 for inotropic/vasopressor therapy and the @entity2286 for @entity1457 when a concurrent code for inotropic/vasopressor therapy was also registered. RESULTS: The @entity2286 was 86.1% (95% CI: 79.7-91.1) for @entity1457 overall, 93.5% (95% CI: 82.1-98.6) for @entity1455 , 70.6% (95% CI: 52.5-84.9) for @entity1457 , and 69.2% (95% CI: 57.7-79.2) for @entity326 . The @entity2286 of use of inotropes/vasopressors among @entity1457 @entity1 was 88.9% (95% CI: 79.3-95.1). When both a @entity1457 code and a procedure code for inotropic/vasopressor therapy were used, the @entity2286 for @entity1457 overall was 93.1% (95% CI: 84.5-97.7). ICD-10 codes for subtypes of @entity1457 and simultaneously registered use of inotropes/vasopressors provided PPVs of 96.0% (95% CI: 79.6-99.9) for @entity1455 , 69.2% (95% CI: 38.6-90.9) for @entity1457 , and 82.4% (95% CI: 65.5-93.2) for @entity326 . CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we found a moderately high @entity2286 for @entity1457 in the DNPR. The @entity2286 was highest for @entity1455 but lower for @entity3485 and @entity326 . Combination diagnoses of @entity1457 with codes for inotropic/vasopressor therapy further increased the @entity2286 of @entity1457 overall, and for cardiogenic and @entity326 diagnoses.

title: Positive predictive value of International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, diagnosis codes for cardiogenic, @entity3485 , and XXXX in the Danish National @entity1 Registry.

answer: @entity326 :: (MESH:D012772,Disease) :: ['septic shock']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Large registries are important data sources in epidemiological studies of @entity1457 , if these registries are valid. Therefore, we examined the positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of diagnosis codes for @entity1457 , the procedure codes for inotropic/vasopressor therapy among @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity1457 , and the combination of a @entity1457 diagnosis and a code for inotropic/vasopressor therapy in the Danish National @entity1 Registry (DNPR). METHODS: We randomly selected 190 inpatients with an International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) diagnosis of @entity1457 at Aarhus University Hospital from 2005-2012 using the DNPR; 50 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity1455 , 40 @entity1 with @entity1457 , and 100 @entity1 with @entity326 . We used medical charts as the reference standard and calculated the @entity2286 with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall @entity1457 and for each type of @entity1457 separately. We also examined the @entity2286 for inotropic/vasopressor therapy and the @entity2286 for @entity1457 when a concurrent code for inotropic/vasopressor therapy was also registered. RESULTS: The @entity2286 was 86.1% (95% CI: 79.7-91.1) for @entity1457 overall, 93.5% (95% CI: 82.1-98.6) for @entity1455 , 70.6% (95% CI: 52.5-84.9) for @entity1457 , and 69.2% (95% CI: 57.7-79.2) for @entity326 . The @entity2286 of use of inotropes/vasopressors among @entity1457 @entity1 was 88.9% (95% CI: 79.3-95.1). When both a @entity1457 code and a procedure code for inotropic/vasopressor therapy were used, the @entity2286 for @entity1457 overall was 93.1% (95% CI: 84.5-97.7). ICD-10 codes for subtypes of @entity1457 and simultaneously registered use of inotropes/vasopressors provided PPVs of 96.0% (95% CI: 79.6-99.9) for @entity1455 , 69.2% (95% CI: 38.6-90.9) for @entity1457 , and 82.4% (95% CI: 65.5-93.2) for @entity326 . CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we found a moderately high @entity2286 for @entity1457 in the DNPR. The @entity2286 was highest for @entity1455 but lower for @entity3485 and @entity326 . Combination diagnoses of @entity1457 with codes for inotropic/vasopressor therapy further increased the @entity2286 of @entity1457 overall, and for cardiogenic and @entity326 diagnoses.

title: Positive predictive value of International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, diagnosis codes for cardiogenic, @entity3485 , and @entity326 in the Danish National XXXX Registry.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5938 and @entity794 have been identified as the most common bacteria responsible for sub-clinical and overt @entity0 and their ability to form biofilm on the implant as been reported as the essential factor in the development of this type of @entity281 . Biofilm formation is a complex process with the participation of several distinct molecules, whose relative importance in different clinical settings has not yet been fully elucidated. To our knowledge this is the first study aimed at characterizing isolates causing @entity0 . RESULTS: Thirteen @entity794 and seven @entity5938 causing @entity0 were studied. Using the broth microdilution method and the E-test, the majority of the strains were susceptible to all antibiotics tested. @entity3256 resistance was detected in two @entity5938 . All strains had different RAPD profiles and were able to produce biofilms in microtitre plate assays but, while all @entity794 carried and were able to express icaA and icaD genes, this was only true for one @entity5938 . Biofilm development was @entity413 - and @entity4202 -induced (5   @entity794 and 1   @entity5938 ) or @entity413 -induced (the remaining strains). Proteinase K and @entity10283 treatment had different effects on biofilms dispersion revealing that the strains studied were able to produce chemically different types of extracellular matrix mediating biofilm formation. All @entity794 strains harboured and expressed the atlA, clfA, FnA, eno and cna genes and the majority also carried and expressed the sasG (10/13), ebpS (10/13) genes. All @entity5938 strains harboured and expressed the atlE, aae, embp genes, and the majority (six strains) also carried and expressed the fbe, aap genes. Genes for @entity794 capsular types 5 and 8 were almost equally distributed. The only leukotoxin genes detected were lukE/lukD (6/13). CONCLUSIONS: @entity794 and @entity5938 @entity0 are caused by heterogeneous strains with different biofilm development mechanisms. Since the collagen adhesin (cna) gene is not ubiquitously distributed among @entity794 , this protein could have an important role in the cause of @entity0 .

title: Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Staphylococci causing XXXX in oncologic patients.

entities_list: @entity10283 :: ('MESH:C009288', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium metaperiodate']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['Methicillin']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast implant infections', 'breast peri-implant infections']

entities_list: @entity5938 :: ('1282', 'Species') :: ['S. epidermidis', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast peri-implant infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Columnaris causes severe mortalities among many different wild and cultured freshwater fish species, but understanding of host resistance is lacking. Catfish, the primary aquaculture species in the United States, serves as a great model for the analysis of host resistance against @entity66 . @entity4576 in general is highly resistant to the disease while blue catfish is highly susceptible. F2 generation of hybrids can be produced where phenotypes and genotypes are segregating, providing a useful system for QTL analysis. To identify genes associated with columnaris resistance, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the catfish 250  K SNP array with 340 backcross progenies derived from crossing female @entity4576 ( @entity4576 ) with male F1 hybrid catfish (female @entity4576 @entity4576 * male blue catfish I. furcatus). RESULTS: A genomic region on linkage group 7 was found to be significantly associated with columnaris resistance. Within this region, five have known functions in immunity, including pik3r3b, cyld-like, adcyap1r1, adcyap1r1-like, and mast2. In addition, 3 additional suggestively associated QTL regions were identified on linkage groups 7, 12, and 14. The resistant genotypes on the QTLs of linkage groups 7 and 12 were found to be homozygous with both alleles being derived from @entity4576 . The paralogs of the candidate genes in the suggestively associated QTL of linkage group 12 were found on the QTLs of linkage group 7. Many candidate genes on the four associated regions are involved in PI3K pathway that is known to be required by many bacteria for efficient entry into the host. CONCLUSION: The GWAS revealed four QTLs associated with columnaris resistance in catfish. Strikingly, the candidate genes may be arranged as functional hubs; the candidate genes within the associated QTLs on linkage groups 7 and 12 are not only co-localized, but also functionally related, with many of them being involved in the PI3K signal transduction pathway, suggesting its importance for columnaris resistance.

title: A genome-wide association study in catfish reveals the presence of functional hubs of related genes within QTLs for XXXX resistance.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['columnaris disease']

entities_list: @entity4576 :: ('7998', 'Species') :: ['Ictalurus punctatus', 'Channel catfish', 'I. punctatus', 'channel catfish']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['columnaris disease']


abstract: This study was performed to determine if differences in regional myocardial @entity4214 clearance rates could differentiate salvaged from nonsalvaged myocardium after reperfusion. Twenty-one @entity235 underwent 2 hours of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation followed by reperfusion. @entity4214 was administered 5 minutes later and serial images were acquired over 3 hours. Of the 21 @entity235 , 15 had @entity1188 of which nine had initially reduced anterior wall @entity4214 activity (group 1) and six had normal or increased activity (group 2). Six @entity235 did not have an @entity1188 (group 3). All group 1 @entity235 demonstrated reduced clearance rates in the anterior wall (T1/2 = 15.0 +/- 4.7 hours, @entity168 ) compared to the posterior wall (T1/2 = 9.0 +/- 4.4 hours; p less than 0.001). Group 2 @entity235 demonstrated increased clearance rates in the anterior wall (T1/2 = 5.7 +/- 2.0 hours) compared to the posterior wall (T1/2 = 10.5 +/- 4.6 hours; p less than 0.001). Group 3 @entity235 demonstrated no difference in clearance rates. In conclusion, although @entity4214 uptake is frequently reduced in nonsalvaged myocardium, tracer uptake can be normal or increased if perfusion has been completely restored. However, an increased clearance rate from the reperfused zone compared to the normal zone is a reliable indicator of nonsalvaged myocardium, despite normal initial @entity4214 uptake.

title: Differentiation of viable and nonviable myocardium after acute reperfusion using serial XXXX -201 imaging.

entities_list: @entity4214 :: ('MESH:D013793', 'Chemical') :: ['thallium', 'Thallium']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarction']

answer: @entity4214 :: (MESH:D013793,Chemical) :: ['thallium']


abstract: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is a progressive @entity179 that affects 36 million @entity1 worldwide, but currently has no effective treatment options. One of the original hallmarks of @entity195 are plaques comprised of beta amyloid (Ab) and neurofibrillary tangles comprised of phosphorylated Tau protein. However, it is soluble oligomeric Ab which is more closely correlated with @entity73 and is therefore considered to be the @entity2359 species. Oligomeric Ab has recently been shown to form complexes with the @entity4495 ( @entity10611 )-anchored membrane protein, cellular @entity3669 ( @entity3669 ), and these complexes are believed to play an important role in the progression of @entity195 pathogenesis. @entity3264 , the major excitatory neurotransmitter is responsible for mediating learning and memory under normal physiological conditions. However, the dysregulation of glutamatergic signaling has also been implicated in a number of @entity179 including @entity195 . @entity3264 acts via both ionotropic @entity3264 receptors (iGluR) and metabotropic @entity3264 receptors (mGluR), each of which have been implicated in @entity195 . There is now growing evidence to suggest that @entity10092 may contribute the @entity195 pathogenesis by acting as scaffolds for the @entity3669 /Ab oligomer complex, enabling the propagation of @entity2359 signaling in @entity195 . In addition, @entity3669 and Ab oligomer signaling via NMDARs may also contribute to @entity195 pathology. The current review overviews our current understanding of the role of @entity3669 and Ab oligomers in regulating @entity3264 receptor signaling, as well as highlights the importance of understanding these signaling complexes to develop more effective therapeutic strategies to treat @entity195 .

title: @entity3264 receptors function as scaffolds for the regulation of b-amyloid and cellular XXXX signaling complexes.

entities_list: @entity3264 :: ('D018698', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate', 'Glutamate']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorder', 'neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity4495 :: ('MESH:D017261', 'Chemical') :: ['glycosylphosphatidylinositol']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxic']

answer: @entity3669 :: (5621,Gene) :: ['prion protein']


abstract: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is a progressive @entity179 that affects 36 million @entity1 worldwide, but currently has no effective treatment options. One of the original hallmarks of @entity195 are plaques comprised of beta amyloid (Ab) and neurofibrillary tangles comprised of phosphorylated Tau protein. However, it is soluble oligomeric Ab which is more closely correlated with @entity73 and is therefore considered to be the @entity2359 species. Oligomeric Ab has recently been shown to form complexes with the @entity4495 ( @entity10611 )-anchored membrane protein, cellular @entity3669 ( @entity3669 ), and these complexes are believed to play an important role in the progression of @entity195 pathogenesis. @entity3264 , the major excitatory neurotransmitter is responsible for mediating learning and memory under normal physiological conditions. However, the dysregulation of glutamatergic signaling has also been implicated in a number of @entity179 including @entity195 . @entity3264 acts via both ionotropic @entity3264 receptors (iGluR) and metabotropic @entity3264 receptors (mGluR), each of which have been implicated in @entity195 . There is now growing evidence to suggest that @entity10092 may contribute the @entity195 pathogenesis by acting as scaffolds for the @entity3669 /Ab oligomer complex, enabling the propagation of @entity2359 signaling in @entity195 . In addition, @entity3669 and Ab oligomer signaling via NMDARs may also contribute to @entity195 pathology. The current review overviews our current understanding of the role of @entity3669 and Ab oligomers in regulating @entity3264 receptor signaling, as well as highlights the importance of understanding these signaling complexes to develop more effective therapeutic strategies to treat @entity195 .

title: XXXX receptors function as scaffolds for the regulation of b-amyloid and cellular @entity3669 signaling complexes.

answer: @entity3264 :: (D018698,Chemical) :: ['Glutamate']


abstract: The significance of elevated levels of the MB isomer of @entity908 kinase (CK-MB) when @entity908 kinase (CK) level is normal was studied in 400 @entity1 with suspected @entity583 ( @entity583 ). In 350 @entity1 both CK and CK-MB were elevated (group 1), in 21 only CK-MB was elevated (group 2), in 24 neither enzyme was elevated (group 3) and in 5 only CK was elevated (group 4). In 57% of @entity1 in group 2 the CK level was doubled, with a characteristic enzyme curve, within the normal range, suggesting that an increase in CK had been missed because arbitrary definitions of "normal" were used. The median CK increase (60 IU/liter) in group 2 was greater than that in group 3 (23 IU/liter) (p less than 0.001). @entity1 in group 1 with small AMIs had a relative increase in CK similar to that in group 2. However, @entity1 in group 2 had a lower baseline CK level so that peak CK did not become abnormally high despite a 5-fold increase in some @entity1 . In @entity1 in group 1 with small AMIs, CK was elevated in fewer samples than CK-MB. If only 2 samples were obtained in all @entity1 , elevation of CK levels would have been missed in 63 group 1 @entity1 , erroneously increasing the number of @entity1 in group 2 fourfold (to 84 of 400, or 21%, instead of 21 of 400, or only 5%). Conversely, if @entity1 in group 2 with a doubling of CK are excluded, the prevalence of elevated CK-MB with normal CK would be only 9 of 400 (2%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Significance of elevated MB isoenzyme with normal XXXX kinase in @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity908 :: (MESH:D003401,Chemical) :: ['creatine']


abstract: The significance of elevated levels of the MB isomer of @entity908 kinase (CK-MB) when @entity908 kinase (CK) level is normal was studied in 400 @entity1 with suspected @entity583 ( @entity583 ). In 350 @entity1 both CK and CK-MB were elevated (group 1), in 21 only CK-MB was elevated (group 2), in 24 neither enzyme was elevated (group 3) and in 5 only CK was elevated (group 4). In 57% of @entity1 in group 2 the CK level was doubled, with a characteristic enzyme curve, within the normal range, suggesting that an increase in CK had been missed because arbitrary definitions of "normal" were used. The median CK increase (60 IU/liter) in group 2 was greater than that in group 3 (23 IU/liter) (p less than 0.001). @entity1 in group 1 with small AMIs had a relative increase in CK similar to that in group 2. However, @entity1 in group 2 had a lower baseline CK level so that peak CK did not become abnormally high despite a 5-fold increase in some @entity1 . In @entity1 in group 1 with small AMIs, CK was elevated in fewer samples than CK-MB. If only 2 samples were obtained in all @entity1 , elevation of CK levels would have been missed in 63 group 1 @entity1 , erroneously increasing the number of @entity1 in group 2 fourfold (to 84 of 400, or 21%, instead of 21 of 400, or only 5%). Conversely, if @entity1 in group 2 with a doubling of CK are excluded, the prevalence of elevated CK-MB with normal CK would be only 9 of 400 (2%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Significance of elevated MB isoenzyme with normal @entity908 kinase in XXXX .

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous qualitative research has revealed that @entity1 with @entity239 use daytime napping as a coping strategy for managing symptoms against clinical advice. Yet there is no evidence to suggest whether daytime napping is beneficial or detrimental for @entity1 with @entity239 . The purpose of this study was to explore how @entity1 use daytime naps and to determine the links between daytime napping and symptom severity in @entity239 . METHODS: A community based sample of 1044 adults who had been diagnosed with @entity239 by a clinician completed an online questionnaire. Associations between napping behavior, sleep quality and @entity239 symptoms were explored using Spearman correlations, with possible predictors of napping behaviour entered into a logistic regression model. Differences between @entity1 who napped on a daily basis and those who napped less regularly, as well as nap duration were explored. RESULTS: Daytime napping was significantly associated with @entity158 , @entity308 , @entity148 , @entity25 . Sleep problems and fatigue explained the greatest amount of variance in napping behaviour, p < 0.010. Those who engaged in daytime naps for >30 minutes had higher memory difficulties (t = -3.45) and levels of @entity308 (t = -2.50) than those who napped for shorter periods (<30 mins) (p < 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Frequent use and longer duration of daytime napping was linked with greater symptom severity in @entity1 with @entity239 . Given the common use of daytime napping in @entity1 with @entity239 evidence based guidelines on the use of daytime napping in @entity1 with @entity1118 are urgently needed.

title: Daytime napping associated with increased symptom severity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia syndrome', 'fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['increased pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue, memory difficulties and sleep problems']

answer: @entity239 :: (MESH:D005356,Disease) :: ['fibromyalgia syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although numerous epidemiological studies on @entity698 have been conducted worldwide, only a few studies have paid attention to the effect of socioeconomic status on @entity698 , particularly studies focusing on the @entity258 ( @entity258 ). METHODS: We analyzed the epidemiological features of @entity698 in Taiwan using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database from 2003 to 2011. All cases diagnosed as @entity698 were enrolled. RESULTS: Between 2003 and 2011, 2,916 @entity1 from the @entity258 and 209,206 @entity1 from the normal population (NP) were diagnosed with @entity698 . Our finding revealed that the ratios of comorbidities, @entity532 , and readmissions in @entity258 @entity1 were slightly higher than those of NP @entity1 . @entity258 @entity1 were more likely to live in suburban and rural areas, and hence a higher proportion of them were hospitalized in a district or regional hospital compared with NP @entity1 . The crucially finding was that the overall incidence ratios of @entity698 , @entity697 , and @entity698 in the @entity258 were substantially higher than those in the NP (36.25%, 35.33%, and 37.28%, respectively). The mean LOS in @entity258 @entity1 was longer than that of NP @entity1 . The overall case-fatality ratio of appendectomy in the @entity258 was higher when compared with the NP (0.41% versus 0.12%, p < 0.05). We also observed that @entity698 was occurred frequently in male @entity1 , with a higher incidence for those aged 15-29 years in both the @entity258 and NP. The incidences of incidental appendectomy showed a decreasing trend in both the @entity258 and NP. Finally, a valuable discovery was that the total hospital cost was comparable between the laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) and @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ) (1,178    13 USD versus 1,191    19 USD, p < 0.05) in @entity258 @entity1 because they saved more hospitalization costs than NP @entity1 when the previous one chose the LA. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that a lower socioeconomic status has significantly negative impact on the occurrence and treatment of @entity698 and appendectomy. In terms of hospital costs and LOS, @entity258 @entity1 benefit more from the LA approach than they do from the @entity1538 approach in the treatment of @entity698 .

title: Epidemiology of @entity698 and appendectomy for the XXXX in Taiwan, 2003-2011.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open appendectomy', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['perforated appendicitis', 'appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['complicated appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low-income population', 'LIP']

answer: @entity258 :: (MESH:D009800,Disease) :: ['low-income population']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although numerous epidemiological studies on @entity698 have been conducted worldwide, only a few studies have paid attention to the effect of socioeconomic status on @entity698 , particularly studies focusing on the @entity258 ( @entity258 ). METHODS: We analyzed the epidemiological features of @entity698 in Taiwan using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database from 2003 to 2011. All cases diagnosed as @entity698 were enrolled. RESULTS: Between 2003 and 2011, 2,916 @entity1 from the @entity258 and 209,206 @entity1 from the normal population (NP) were diagnosed with @entity698 . Our finding revealed that the ratios of comorbidities, @entity532 , and readmissions in @entity258 @entity1 were slightly higher than those of NP @entity1 . @entity258 @entity1 were more likely to live in suburban and rural areas, and hence a higher proportion of them were hospitalized in a district or regional hospital compared with NP @entity1 . The crucially finding was that the overall incidence ratios of @entity698 , @entity697 , and @entity698 in the @entity258 were substantially higher than those in the NP (36.25%, 35.33%, and 37.28%, respectively). The mean LOS in @entity258 @entity1 was longer than that of NP @entity1 . The overall case-fatality ratio of appendectomy in the @entity258 was higher when compared with the NP (0.41% versus 0.12%, p < 0.05). We also observed that @entity698 was occurred frequently in male @entity1 , with a higher incidence for those aged 15-29 years in both the @entity258 and NP. The incidences of incidental appendectomy showed a decreasing trend in both the @entity258 and NP. Finally, a valuable discovery was that the total hospital cost was comparable between the laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) and @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ) (1,178    13 USD versus 1,191    19 USD, p < 0.05) in @entity258 @entity1 because they saved more hospitalization costs than NP @entity1 when the previous one chose the LA. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that a lower socioeconomic status has significantly negative impact on the occurrence and treatment of @entity698 and appendectomy. In terms of hospital costs and LOS, @entity258 @entity1 benefit more from the LA approach than they do from the @entity1538 approach in the treatment of @entity698 .

title: Epidemiology of XXXX and appendectomy for the @entity258 in Taiwan, 2003-2011.

answer: @entity698 :: (MESH:D001064,Disease) :: ['appendicitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is conflicting evidence about the accuracy of estimates of @entity28 based on parent-reported data. We assessed accuracy of @entity1 height, weight, and overweight/ @entity28 classification in a pediatric clinic population based on parent data to learn whether accuracy differs by @entity1 age and race/ethnicity. METHODS: Parents of @entity1 ages 3-12 (n   =   1,119) completed a waiting room questionnaire that asked about their @entity1 's height and weight. @entity1 's height and weight was then measured and entered into the electronic health record (EHR) by clinic staff. The @entity1 's EHR and questionnaire data were subsequently linked. Accuracy of parent-reported height, weight, overweight/ @entity28 classification, and parent perception of @entity1 's weight status were assessed using EHR data as the gold standard. Statistics were calculated for the full sample, two age groups (3-5, 6-12), and four racial/ethnic groups (nonHispanic White, Black, Latino, Asian). RESULTS: A parent-reported height was available for 59.1% of the @entity1 , weight for 75.6%, and weight classification for 53.0%. Data availability differed by race/ethnicity but not age group. Parent-reported height was accurate for 49.2% of @entity1 and weight for 58.2%. Latino @entity1 were less likely than nonHispanic Whites to have accurate height and weight data, and weight data were less accurate for 6-12 year than 3-5 year olds. Concordance of parent- and EHR-based classifications of the @entity1 as overweight/ @entity28 and @entity28 was approximately 80% for all subgroups, with kappa statistics indicating moderate agreement. Parent-reported data significantly overestimated prevalence of overweight/ @entity28 (50.2% vs. 35.2%) and @entity28 (32.1% vs. 19.4%) in the full sample and across all age and racial/ethnic subgroups. However, the percentages of parents who perceived their @entity1 to be overweight or very overweight greatly underestimated actual prevalence of overweight/ @entity28 and @entity28 . Missing data did not bias parent-based overweight/ @entity28 estimates and was not associated with @entity1 's EHR weight classification or parental perception of @entity1 's weight. CONCLUSIONS: While the majority of parents of overweight or @entity28 @entity1 tend to be unaware that their @entity1 is overweight, use of parent-reported height and weight data for young @entity1 and pre-teens will likely result in overestimates of prevalence of youth overweight and @entity28 .

title: Accuracy of parent-reported information for estimating prevalence of overweight and XXXX in a race-ethnically diverse pediatric clinic population aged 3 to 12.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['childhood obesity', 'obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systematic analysis of @entity5 gene-expression patterns using high-throughput transcriptional profiling technologies has led to the discovery and publication of hundreds of gene-expression signatures. However, few public signature values have been cross-validated over multiple studies for the prediction of @entity5 prognosis and chemosensitivity in the neoadjuvant setting. METHODS: To analyze the prognostic and predictive values of publicly available signatures, we have implemented a systematic method for high-throughput and efficient validation of a large number of datasets and gene-expression signatures. Using this method, we performed a meta-analysis including 351 publicly available signatures, 37,000 random signatures, and 31 @entity0 datasets. Survival analyses and pathologic responses were used to assess prediction of prognosis, chemoresponsiveness, and chemo-drug sensitivity. RESULTS: Among 31 @entity0 datasets and 351 public signatures, we identified 22 validation datasets, two robust prognostic signatures (BRmet50 and PMID18271932Sig33) in @entity0 and one signature (PMID20813035Sig137) specific for prognosis prediction in @entity1 with @entity5 . The 22 validation datasets demonstrated enhanced ability to distinguish @entity5 gene profiles from random gene profiles. Both prognostic signatures are composed of genes associated with @entity876 mutations and were able to stratify the good and poor prognostic groups successfully in 82%and 68% of the 22 validation datasets, respectively. We then assessed the abilities of the two signatures to predict treatment responses of @entity0 @entity1 treated with commonly used chemotherapeutic regimens. Both BRmet50 and PMID18271932Sig33 retrospectively identified those @entity1 with an insensitive response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (mean positive predictive values 85%-88%). Among those @entity1 predicted to be treatment sensitive, distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) was improved (negative predictive values 87%-88%). BRmet50 was further shown to prospectively predict @entity3907 - @entity5948 sensitivity in @entity1 with @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: We have developed and applied a high-throughput screening method for public @entity5 signature validation. Using this method, we identified appropriate datasets for cross-validation and two robust signatures that differentiate @entity876 mutation status and have prognostic and predictive value for @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of public @entity5 datasets and signatures identifies XXXX mutant signatures with robust prognostic and predictive value.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['ER-negative tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['TP53']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systematic analysis of @entity5 gene-expression patterns using high-throughput transcriptional profiling technologies has led to the discovery and publication of hundreds of gene-expression signatures. However, few public signature values have been cross-validated over multiple studies for the prediction of @entity5 prognosis and chemosensitivity in the neoadjuvant setting. METHODS: To analyze the prognostic and predictive values of publicly available signatures, we have implemented a systematic method for high-throughput and efficient validation of a large number of datasets and gene-expression signatures. Using this method, we performed a meta-analysis including 351 publicly available signatures, 37,000 random signatures, and 31 @entity0 datasets. Survival analyses and pathologic responses were used to assess prediction of prognosis, chemoresponsiveness, and chemo-drug sensitivity. RESULTS: Among 31 @entity0 datasets and 351 public signatures, we identified 22 validation datasets, two robust prognostic signatures (BRmet50 and PMID18271932Sig33) in @entity0 and one signature (PMID20813035Sig137) specific for prognosis prediction in @entity1 with @entity5 . The 22 validation datasets demonstrated enhanced ability to distinguish @entity5 gene profiles from random gene profiles. Both prognostic signatures are composed of genes associated with @entity876 mutations and were able to stratify the good and poor prognostic groups successfully in 82%and 68% of the 22 validation datasets, respectively. We then assessed the abilities of the two signatures to predict treatment responses of @entity0 @entity1 treated with commonly used chemotherapeutic regimens. Both BRmet50 and PMID18271932Sig33 retrospectively identified those @entity1 with an insensitive response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (mean positive predictive values 85%-88%). Among those @entity1 predicted to be treatment sensitive, distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) was improved (negative predictive values 87%-88%). BRmet50 was further shown to prospectively predict @entity3907 - @entity5948 sensitivity in @entity1 with @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: We have developed and applied a high-throughput screening method for public @entity5 signature validation. Using this method, we identified appropriate datasets for cross-validation and two robust signatures that differentiate @entity876 mutation status and have prognostic and predictive value for @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of public XXXX datasets and signatures identifies @entity876 mutant signatures with robust prognostic and predictive value.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A literature review to evaluate quality of life and participation outcomes of individuals with earthquake-related @entity130 . DATA SOURCES: A systematic review was performed using National Health Service (NHS) @entity6831 ( @entity6831 ) guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL and AMED electronic databases were searched from 1966 to January 2014. STUDY SELECTION: Studies that measured quality of life or participation outcomes among individuals who acquired a @entity717 as a result of an @entity130 were included, with no limits on research design. DATA EXTRACTION: The search yielded 961 potentially relevant articles after removal of duplicates. Of these, only 8 articles met the inclusion criteria. Studies were rated for quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) guidelines. DATA SYNTHESIS: A narrative synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the included studies. RESULTS: Injured earthquake survivors in developing countries experience diminished participation and reduced quality of life. Small sample sizes and lack of uniformity in outcome measurement limit generalizability. No studies from developed countries were identified. CONCLUSION: To maximize our understanding of quality of life and participation in injured earthquake survivors, future research should consider both the functional consequences of the @entity130 . The research should be based on representative samples of the injured earthquake survivors and use validated condition-specific outcome measures that are clearly defined within the publications. In addition, research should include all countries that are affected by earthquakes.

title: Participation and quality of life outcomes among individuals with earthquake-related XXXX : A systematic review.

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['physical disability']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury and the environmental impact of the earthquake', 'physical injury', 'earthquake injury']

entities_list: @entity6831 :: ('MESH:D004673', 'Disease') :: ['Centre for Reviews and Dissemination', 'CRD']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['physical disability']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence-based, guideline-recommended practices improve multiple outcomes in @entity1 admitted with acute exacerbation of @entity1030 (AECOPD), but are incompletely implemented in actual practice. Admission order sets with evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic guidance have enabled quality improvement and guideline implementation in other conditions. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the magnitude of care gaps and the effect of order sets on quality of care in @entity1 with AECOPD. METHODS: The authors prospectively designed a standardized chart review protocol to document process of care and health care utilization before and after implementation of AECOPD order sets at an academic hospital in Toronto, Ontario. RESULTS: A total of 243 total AECOPD admissions and multiple important care gaps were identified. There were 74 admissions in the pre-order set period (January to June 2009) and 169 in the order set period (October 2009 to September 2010). The order set was used in 78 of 169 (46.2%) admissions. In the order set period, we observed improvements in respiratory therapy educational referrals (five of 74 [6.8%] versus 48 of 169 [28.4%]; P<0.01); @entity1211 prophylaxis prescriptions (when indicated) (15 of 68 [22.1%] versus 100 of 134 [74.6%]; P<0.01); systemic @entity479 prescriptions (55 of 74 (74.3%) versus 151 of 169 [89.4%]; P<0.01]); and appropriate antibiotic prescriptions (nine of 24 [37.5%] versus 61 of 88 [69.3%]; P<0.01). The mean (   SD) length of stay also decreased from 6.5  7.7 days before order sets to 4.1  5.0 days with order sets (P=0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Care gaps in inpatient AECOPD management were large and evidence-based order sets may improve guideline adherence at the point of care. Randomized trials including @entity1 outcomes are required to further evaluate this knowledge translation intervention.

title: Gaps in the inpatient management of XXXX and impact of an evidence-based order set.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation']


abstract: Autophagy is an important component of the immune response. However, the functions of autophagy in @entity1 diseases are much less understood. We studied biological consequences of @entity29181 in @entity19 lacking the essential autophagy gene @entity30527 or @entity15254 in myeloid cells. Surprisingly, these @entity19 presented with spontaneous @entity55 , characterized by marked recruitment of inflammatory cells, submucosal thickening, goblet cell metaplasia, and increased collagen content. @entity55 was associated with increase in several proinflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage and in serum. This @entity32 was largely driven by @entity6026 as a result of constitutive inflammasome activation. Following i.p. LPS injection, autophagy-deficient @entity19 had higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines in lungs and in serum, as well as increased mortality, than control @entity19 . Intranasal bleomycin challenge exacerbated @entity55 in autophagy-deficient @entity19 and produced more severe fibrotic changes than in control @entity19 . These results uncover a new and important role for autophagy as negative regulator of @entity55 .

title: Critical role for XXXX in @entity55 caused by @entity29181 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['sterile lung inflammation', 'Lung inflammation', 'lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity29181 :: ('MESH:C564093', 'Disease') :: ['autophagy deficiency']

answer: @entity6026 :: (16173(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-18']