abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of pleural lavage cytology (PLC) in resection for primary @entity2 . SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The prognostic significance of PLC before manipulation is still controversial. METHODS: Cytology of pleural lavage immediately after thoracotomy but before any manipulation of the lung was examined in 500 consecutive @entity1 with @entity2 with no @entity1143 who underwent pulmonary resections. Eighteen @entity1 who already had pleural dissemination were excluded from this study. RESULTS: Eighteen of 482 @entity1 (3.7%) had positive cytologic findings. The positivity of PLC was significantly correlated with histology, extension of @entity5 to pleura, and presence of lymphatic permeation or vascular involvement by @entity5 . Positive lavage findings were seen only in @entity420 . Because 6.3% of the @entity1 with @entity420 had positive cytologic findings, it is vital to perform PLC before curative resections for @entity2 , especially @entity420 . The 5-year survival rates of the @entity1 having negative and positive lavage findings were 52.9% and 14.6%, respectively. The prognosis of the @entity1 with positive lavage findings was as poor as that of the @entity1 with @entity5 and that of the @entity1 with @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Positive findings on PLC indicate exfoliation of @entity5 cells into the @entity1143 , which is an essential prognostic factor. In addition, we should regard positive cytologic findings as a subclinical @entity3483 that is pathologic stage T4.

title: Role of pleural lavage cytology before resection for primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion', 'pleural cavity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'stage IIIB disease', 'malignant effusion']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer', 'lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3483 :: ('MESH:D016066', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung carcinoma']


abstract: RATIONALE: The influence of @entity28 on the perception of respiratory discomfort during acute bronchoconstriction in @entity565 is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that the @entity1576 associated with an increased body mass index (BMI) would predispose to greater perceived symptom intensity during acute airway narrowing. We therefore compared relationships between induced changes in @entity1353 intensity and lung function during @entity2710 (MCh) bronchoprovocation in @entity28 (OBA) and normal-weight (NWA) individuals with @entity565 of mild to moderate severity. METHODS: High-dose MCh challenge tests to a maximum 50% decrease in FEV(1) were conducted in 51 NWA (BMI, 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2); 29% male) and 45 OBA (BMI, 30.1-51.4 kg/m(2); 33% male) between 20 and 60 years of age. Serial spirometry, inspiratory capacity (IC), plethysmographic end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) and @entity1353 intensity using the Borg scale were measured throughout bronchoprovocation. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Spirometry and airway sensitivity were similar in both groups; baseline EELV was lower (P < 0.0005) and IC was higher (P = 0.007) in OBA compared with NWA. From baseline to PC(20), EELV increased more in OBA (20% predicted) than NWA (13% predicted) (P = 0.008) with concomitant greater reductions in IC (P < 0.0005). Dyspnea ratings were not different for a given FEV(1) or IC across groups. By mixed effects regression analysis, relationships between induced @entity1353 and changes in lung function parameters were not influenced by BMI, sex, or their interaction. CONCLUSIONS: Perceptual responses to MCh-induced @entity358 were similar in @entity28 and normal-weight individuals with @entity565 despite significant group differences in baseline lung volumes.

title: Effects of XXXX on perceptual and mechanical responses to bronchoconstriction in @entity565 .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['bronchoconstriction and lung hyperinflation']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory impairment']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: RATIONALE: The influence of @entity28 on the perception of respiratory discomfort during acute bronchoconstriction in @entity565 is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that the @entity1576 associated with an increased body mass index (BMI) would predispose to greater perceived symptom intensity during acute airway narrowing. We therefore compared relationships between induced changes in @entity1353 intensity and lung function during @entity2710 (MCh) bronchoprovocation in @entity28 (OBA) and normal-weight (NWA) individuals with @entity565 of mild to moderate severity. METHODS: High-dose MCh challenge tests to a maximum 50% decrease in FEV(1) were conducted in 51 NWA (BMI, 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2); 29% male) and 45 OBA (BMI, 30.1-51.4 kg/m(2); 33% male) between 20 and 60 years of age. Serial spirometry, inspiratory capacity (IC), plethysmographic end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) and @entity1353 intensity using the Borg scale were measured throughout bronchoprovocation. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Spirometry and airway sensitivity were similar in both groups; baseline EELV was lower (P < 0.0005) and IC was higher (P = 0.007) in OBA compared with NWA. From baseline to PC(20), EELV increased more in OBA (20% predicted) than NWA (13% predicted) (P = 0.008) with concomitant greater reductions in IC (P < 0.0005). Dyspnea ratings were not different for a given FEV(1) or IC across groups. By mixed effects regression analysis, relationships between induced @entity1353 and changes in lung function parameters were not influenced by BMI, sex, or their interaction. CONCLUSIONS: Perceptual responses to MCh-induced @entity358 were similar in @entity28 and normal-weight individuals with @entity565 despite significant group differences in baseline lung volumes.

title: Effects of @entity28 on perceptual and mechanical responses to bronchoconstriction in XXXX .

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate characteristic clinical features and outcome for @entity1 with @entity2347 ( @entity2347 ) of the maxillary antrum. @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 with @entity2347 of the maxillary antrum were initially treated with surgery alone (3 @entity1 ), radiation alone (9 @entity1 ), or a combination of surgery and radiation (10 @entity1 ). Salvage treatment for initial failure was individualized. Patterns of failure, survival, and prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The most frequent site of failure was local recurrence at the primary site (72.7%). All @entity1 treated with either surgery alone or radiation alone experienced one or more local recurrences, whereas @entity1 who received planned combined surgery and radiation had a much lower local recurrence rate (40%). Neck node failure (4.6%) was an uncommon event, whereas distant metastases were clinically documented in seven @entity1 (32%). Most of the treatment failures appeared within 5 years, but treatment failures after 5 years were not uncommon. The overall survival and disease-free survival rates at 10 years were 37.6% and 13.6%, respectively. Clinicopathological factors, such as location of @entity5 , @entity5 stage, and histological grade were of no value in predicting a favorable survival. The significant prognostic factors influencing 10-year survival were the pathological finding of perineural invasion and the initial mode of treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity2347 of the maxillary antrum represented a unique natural history characterized by a more @entity146 behavior and an unfavorable prognosis. Combined surgery and radiotherapy is recommended for optimal local control and survival.

title: XXXX of the maxillary antrum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma', 'ACC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive tumor']

answer: @entity2347 :: (MESH:D003528,Disease) :: ['Adenoid cystic carcinoma']


abstract: Bacterial fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes synthesize fructan polymers from @entity969 . FTFs catalyse two different reactions, depending on the nature of the acceptor, resulting in: (i) transglycosylation, when the growing fructan chain (polymerization), or mono- and oligosaccharides (oligosaccharide synthesis), are used as the acceptor substrate; (ii) hydrolysis, when water is used as the acceptor. @entity6374 121 levansucrase (Lev) and inulosucrase (Inu) enzymes are closely related at the @entity535 sequence level (86 % similarity). Also, the eight @entity535 residues known to be involved in catalysis and/or @entity969 binding are completely conserved. Nevertheless, these enzymes differ markedly in their reaction and product specificities, i.e. in beta(2-->6)- versus beta(2-->1)-glycosidic-bond specificity (resulting in levan and inulin synthesis, respectively), and in the ratio of hydrolysis versus transglycosylation activities [resulting in @entity413 and fructooligosaccharides (FOSs)/polymer synthesis, respectively]. The authors report a detailed characterization of the transglycosylation reaction products synthesized by the Lb. @entity6374 121 Lev and Inu enzymes from @entity969 and related oligosaccharide substrates. Lev mainly converted @entity969 into a large levan polymer (processive reaction), whereas Inu synthesized mainly a broad range of FOSs of the inulin type (non-processive reaction). Interestingly, the two FTF enzymes were also able to utilize various inulin-type FOSs ( @entity44627 , 1,1-nystose and @entity71502 ) as substrates, catalysing a disproportionation reaction; to the best of our knowledge, this has not been reported for bacterial FTF enzymes. Based on these data, a model is proposed for the organization of the sugar-binding subsites in the two Lb. @entity6374 121 FTF enzymes. This model also explains the catalytic mechanism of the enzymes, and differences in their product specificities.

title: The levansucrase and inulosucrase enzymes of XXXX 121 catalyse processive and non-processive transglycosylation reactions.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity6374 :: ('1598', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus reuteri', 'reuteri']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6374 :: (1598,Species) :: ['Lactobacillus reuteri']


abstract: HYPOTHESIS: Central pancreatectomy has been used sparingly because the spectrum of indications is quite narrow. Although historically used for traumatic pancreatic transection and chronic @entity788 , it currently is reserved for selective management of @entity660 that are benign or have low malignant potential. Varying morbidity rates have been published in the literature. Our objectives were to describe the technique and determine the safety and effectiveness of central pancreatectomy in the excision of benign or low-malignant potential lesions of the @entity9451 . DESIGN: Retrospective clinicopathologic data review. SETTING: The Mayo Clinic surgical index was used to identify procedures matched for central, median, middle, or middle segment pancreatectomy. @entity1 : Eight @entity1 (4 @entity1 , 4 @entity1 ) underwent central pancreatectomy between 1998 and 2004. INTERVENTION: @entity1 with @entity9451 or proximal body masses underwent central pancreatectomy at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity1 were followed up closely for @entity260 during the initial hospital admission. On follow-up, long-term endocrine and exocrine function were determined based on laboratory values and @entity1 history. RESULTS: Abnormalities included 3 islet cell @entity5 , 2 @entity12679 , a @entity8940 , a @entity45 , and a @entity1821 . Mean @entity5 size was 2.8 cm and mean operative time was 4.8 hours with a mean @entity190 of 381 mL. The most common complication was @entity788 (5 @entity1 [63%]). Reoperation was necessary in 2 @entity1 (25%), both secondary to @entity548 . There was no mortality or new-onset @entity6 . One @entity1 transiently required oral pancreatic enzyme supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: Central pancreatectomy may preserve endocrine and exocrine function. While mortality is low, in our experience, central pancreatectomy is associated with a high complication rate. The most common complication is @entity788 . Caution is necessary when using central pancreatectomy in the treatment of @entity660 . Surgeon experience is of utmost importance in this decision-making process as well as the technical aspects of central pancreatectomy. The precise role of central pancreatectomy in the management of benign or low-malignant potential lesions of the neck of the pancreas remains in evolution.

title: Central pancreatectomy: a technique for the resection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic leak', 'pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic neck lesions']

entities_list: @entity9451 :: ('MESH:D010195', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic neck']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity8940 :: ('MESH:D018291', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoepithelial cyst']

entities_list: @entity1821 :: ('MESH:D008080', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent liposarcoma']

entities_list: @entity12679 :: ('MESH:D018293', 'Disease') :: ['serous cystadenomas']

answer: @entity660 :: (MESH:D010182,Disease) :: ['pancreatic neck lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND METHODS: There is accumulating data on the clinical benefit of aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant treatment of @entity0 in postmenopausal @entity1 . The @entity29906 -98 study is a randomized, phase 3, double-blind trial comparing four adjuvant endocrine treatments of 5 years duration in postmenopausal @entity1 with hormone-receptor-positive @entity0 : @entity4672 or @entity440 monotherapy, sequential treatment with @entity440 followed by @entity4672 , or vice versa. This article summarizes data presented at the 2009 St. Gallen early @entity0 conference: an update on the monotherapy arms of the @entity29906 -98 study, and results from the sequential treatment arms. Implications for daily practice from @entity29906 -98 and from other adjuvant trials will be discussed. RESULTS: Despite cross-over from @entity440 to @entity4672 by 25% of the @entity1 after unblinding of the @entity440 monotherapy arm, the improvement of disease-free survival (HR 0.88, 0.78-0.99, p = 0.03) and time to distant recurrence (HR 0.85, 0.72-1.00, p = 0.05) for @entity4672 monotherapy as compared to @entity440 monotherapy remained significant in the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. A trend for an overall survival advantage for @entity4672 was seen in the ITT analysis (HR 0.87, 0.75-1.02, p = 0.08). No statistically significant differences were found for the sequential treatment arms versus @entity4672 monotherapy, with respect to disease-free survival, time to distant recurrence or overall survival. Cumulative incidence analysis of @entity0 recurrence favors the initiation of adjuvant endocrine treatment with @entity4672 instead of @entity440 , especially in @entity1 at higher risk for early recurrence. Similarly, data suggest that @entity1 commenced on @entity4672 can be switched to @entity440 after 2 years, if required. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity29906 -98 study update with median follow up of 76 months confirms a significant reduction in the risk of @entity0 recurrence and a trend towards improved overall survival with @entity4672 as compared to @entity440 , and no unexpected safety concerns with @entity4672 . Adjuvant endocrine treatment should preferentially be initiated with @entity4672 . For @entity1 unable to continue @entity4672 , switching to @entity440 appears to be an acceptable alternative.

title: Update of the XXXX -98 Trial: where do we stand?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4672 :: ('MESH:C067431', 'Chemical') :: ['letrozole']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'early-stage breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity29906 :: ('5067', 'Gene') :: ['Breast International Group (BIG) 1', 'BIG 1']

answer: @entity29906 :: (5067,Gene) :: ['BIG 1']


abstract: Yan-dong-gua (fermented wax gourd; a traditional fermented food in Taiwan) samples were collected at five time intervals from a fixed fermenting bucket. Eighty-five cultures of @entity880 bacteria (LAB) were isolated from Yan-dong-gua samples, and the isolates were divided into classes by phenotype and then groups by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of 16S ribosomal DNA. Phenotypic and biochemical characteristics identified two bacterial groups (A and B) and showed that the majority of the isolates were heterofermentative LAB. @entity26043 was the major LAB found during the initial fermentation of yan-dong-gua. However, it was mostly replaced by W. paramesenteroides after 5 days of fermentation. All isolated LAB were able to grow in @entity7748 broth containing 6% @entity1219 . Furthermore, the antibacterial activities of the isolates were determined, and five of the isolates showed inhibitory activities against the indicator strain @entity5210 . sakei @entity5210 (T). These results suggest that @entity26043 and W. paramesenteroides are the main LAB present during the fermentation of yan-dong-gua. This is the first report describing the distribution and varieties of LAB that exist in the yan-dong-gua fermentation process.

title: Isolation and characterization of XXXX bacteria from Yan-dong-gua (fermented wax gourd), a traditional fermented food in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity5210 :: ('1599', 'Species') :: ['JCM 1157', 'Lactobacillus sakei subsp']

entities_list: @entity26043 :: ('137591', 'Species') :: ['Weissella cibaria', 'W. cibaria']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between @entity1184 and body mass index (BMI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which was conducted in three primary schools located in Duzce. A total of 1,282 @entity1 between 7 and 12 years of age were evaluated and the size of their tonsils was investigated with regard to height and weight. This study was performed in the course of school screening, and the correlation between estimated tonsil size and BMIs of the @entity1 was investigated. RESULTS: Sixteen of 1,282 students were excluded from the study, leaving 1,266 @entity1 in the study. The mean (+/-SD) age of the @entity1 was 9.13 +/- 1.45 (range 7-12) years. The mean height of the 1,266 @entity1 was 129.07 +/- 9.95 (range 105-163) cm, the mean weight was 28.81 +/- 6.96 (range 15-68) kg, and the mean BMI was 17.09 +/- 2.33 (range 12.07-30.0) kg/m(2). There was no statistically significant effect of tonsil size on BMI. We could not find a significant relation of isolated @entity1184 with BMI. CONCLUSIONS: No relation could be found between @entity1184 and BMI.

title: Relation of isolated XXXX with body mass index.

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['tonsillar hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['tonsillar hypertrophy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) @entity1 , the changes in body appearance (mainly @entity28 and @entity3427 ) may influence the feminine identity of the @entity1 with consequent @entity308 and @entity458 . AIM: To evaluate if lean @entity3610 @entity1 present an increased incidence of @entity308 and @entity250 in comparison with controls and if clitoral volume and vascularization are influenced by circulating @entity3800 levels. METHODS: 25 lean @entity3610 @entity1 (Group I) and 18 healthy nonhirsute volunteers (Group II) were submitted, on day 3-5 of the cycle, to ultrasonographic and Doppler analyses, and to hormonal and biochemical evaluations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Utero-ovarian and clitoral ultrasonographic analysis, and color Doppler evaluation of the uterine, stromal ovarian, and dorsal clitoral arteries. Hormonal and @entity2648 / @entity3362 plasma concentrations were analyzed. Each @entity1 filled in the 2-factor Italian McCoy female questionnaire (MFSQ) and the Beck's @entity308 Inventory questionnaire (BDI). RESULTS: Androgens resulted, as expected, more elevated in @entity3610 @entity1 than in controls. However, the ultrasonographic (US) assessment of the clitoral body volume evidenced no significant differences between @entity3610 (0.72+/-0.41 mL) and control (0.62+/-0.20 mL) @entity1 . The resistances registered at the level of the dorsal clitoral artery did not show any difference between Group I (PI=1.55+/-0.40) and Group II (PI=1.79+/-0.38). The 2-factor Italian MFSQ and the BDI did not show any difference between @entity3610 @entity1 and controls. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity3610 @entity1 , probably, the moderate @entity3427 and @entity3428 do not induce the sense of loss of feminine identity and have no impact on @entity458 .

title: XXXX , @entity458 : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovarian syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity3362 :: ('MESH:D009566', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrates']

entities_list: @entity3428 :: ('MESH:D017588', 'Disease') :: ['hyperandrogenism']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual disturbances', 'sexual self-worth and sexual satisfaction']

entities_list: @entity2648 :: ('MESH:D009573', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrites']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

entities_list: @entity3427 :: ('MESH:D006628', 'Disease') :: ['hirsutism']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity3610 :: (MESH:D011085,Disease) :: ['PCOS']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) @entity1 , the changes in body appearance (mainly @entity28 and @entity3427 ) may influence the feminine identity of the @entity1 with consequent @entity308 and @entity458 . AIM: To evaluate if lean @entity3610 @entity1 present an increased incidence of @entity308 and @entity250 in comparison with controls and if clitoral volume and vascularization are influenced by circulating @entity3800 levels. METHODS: 25 lean @entity3610 @entity1 (Group I) and 18 healthy nonhirsute volunteers (Group II) were submitted, on day 3-5 of the cycle, to ultrasonographic and Doppler analyses, and to hormonal and biochemical evaluations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Utero-ovarian and clitoral ultrasonographic analysis, and color Doppler evaluation of the uterine, stromal ovarian, and dorsal clitoral arteries. Hormonal and @entity2648 / @entity3362 plasma concentrations were analyzed. Each @entity1 filled in the 2-factor Italian McCoy female questionnaire (MFSQ) and the Beck's @entity308 Inventory questionnaire (BDI). RESULTS: Androgens resulted, as expected, more elevated in @entity3610 @entity1 than in controls. However, the ultrasonographic (US) assessment of the clitoral body volume evidenced no significant differences between @entity3610 (0.72+/-0.41 mL) and control (0.62+/-0.20 mL) @entity1 . The resistances registered at the level of the dorsal clitoral artery did not show any difference between Group I (PI=1.55+/-0.40) and Group II (PI=1.79+/-0.38). The 2-factor Italian MFSQ and the BDI did not show any difference between @entity3610 @entity1 and controls. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity3610 @entity1 , probably, the moderate @entity3427 and @entity3428 do not induce the sense of loss of feminine identity and have no impact on @entity458 .

title: @entity3610 , XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexuality, and clitoral vascularisation']


abstract: @entity19149 is the main regulating factor for trafficking/homing of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) to the bone marrow (BM). It is possible that this chemokine may also play a fundamental role in regulating the migration of HSC to several organs during extramedullary hematopoiesis. Because liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) constitute an extramedullary niche for HSC, it is possible that these cells represent one of the main cellular sources of @entity19149 at the liver. Here, we show that LSEC express @entity19149 at the mRNA and protein level. Biological assays showed that conditioned medium from LSEC (LSEC-CM) stimulated the migration of BM progenitor lineage-negative (BM/Lin   ) cells. This effect was significantly reduced by @entity9019 , indicating that the @entity19149 / @entity9843 axis is involved in the stimulatory migrating effect induced by LSEC-CM. Early localization of HSC in @entity19149 -expressing LSEC microenvironment together with increased levels of this chemokine in hepatic homogenates was found in an experimental model of liver extramedullary hematopoiesis. Flow cytometry studies showed that LSEC express the @entity9843 receptor. Functional assays showed that activation of this receptor by @entity19149 stimulated the migration of LSEC and increased the expression of @entity5231 . Our findings suggest that LSEC through the production of @entity19149 may constitute a fundamental niche for regulation of HSC migration to the liver. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that LSEC not only express and secrete @entity19149 , but also its receptor @entity9843 .

title: Stromal-derived factor-1 and its receptor, XXXX , are constitutively expressed by mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells: implications for the regulation of hematopoietic cell migration to the liver during extramedullary hematopoiesis.

answer: @entity9843 :: (12767(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['CXCR4']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the clinical features of a series of @entity1 with lacrimal drainage @entity5 and present guidelines for management based on histopathology. METHODS: A non-comparative retrospective chart review of the clinical, imaging, and pathologic findings of 37 @entity1 presenting to four regional orbital surgery departments with @entity5 affecting the lacrimal drainage apparatus between 1990 and 2004. RESULTS: There were 37 @entity1 , of whom 62% were male. The mean age at referral was 54 years. @entity9467 , a palpable mass, and @entity4578 were the most common presentations. Two thirds of the @entity5 were epithelial, with @entity189 being the most frequent (38%), followed by @entity1185 (27%). @entity706 were the most common nonepithelial malignancy (30%). @entity5 were more common in @entity1 (87%), whereas @entity706 were more common in @entity1 (57%). Treatment modalities included surgery, in addition to radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Mean follow-up was 38 months. Thirty-three @entity1 (89%) remain alive without evidence of disease and 4 @entity1 died of recurrence and/or @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Lacrimal drainage @entity5 require careful initial management to ensure adequate local and @entity262 control. @entity5932 encountered during dacryocystorhinostomy should be biopsied and small @entity1185 or pedunculated @entity5 excised and analyzed with frozen sections. If a diffuse or infiltrative mass is encountered, it should be biopsied and managed on the basis of histopathology and extent of disease. @entity706 should be treated according to protocols, whereas noninvasive @entity189 and @entity1185 require complete excision of the system. @entity3 requires en bloc excision. Long-term follow-up is essential for early detection of recurrence.

title: Clinical features and management of XXXX affecting the lacrimal drainage apparatus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas', 'Lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['apparatus tumors', 'Epithelial tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papillomas', 'extensive papillomas']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5932 :: ('MESH:C565008', 'Disease') :: ['Atypical mucosa']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'Invasive disease']

entities_list: @entity4578 :: ('MESH:D003607', 'Disease') :: ['dacryocystitis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity661 is an increasingly recognised phenomenon characterised by @entity662 , ECG abnormalities, cardiac biomarker elevation and transient @entity1002 without significant @entity453 . AIMS: To report the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics from a large single-centre Australian series of @entity1 with @entity661 . METHODS: We prospectively collected data on 23 consecutive @entity1 presenting between November 2005 and November 2007. Baseline demographics, ECG, echocardiography and coronary angiography were performed on nearly all @entity1 . RESULTS: All @entity1 presented with @entity662 ; 87% were female. Various stressors were noted and cardiac Troponin-T was elevated in 91% of @entity1 . All @entity1 had @entity301 at angiography. 19/23 @entity1 had initial and subsequent echocardiography. Mean ejection fraction was 50% at baseline and 64% at follow-up (p<0.0001). Right @entity67 was present in eight, dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in two, @entity67 in seven and two @entity1 had the mid-cavity variant. CONCLUSIONS: This large prospective single-centre Australian series of @entity661 is in concert with previous published series. Complete recovery of left ventricular function on echocardiographic follow-up was typical. Although its pathogenesis remains unclear, early distinction from acute coronary syndromes is important and the prognosis is reassuringly good.

title: A single-centre report on the characteristics of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['non-obstructive coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy', 'Tako-tsubo syndrome']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery obstruction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction', 'ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity661 :: (MESH:D054549,Disease) :: ['Tako-tsubo syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive early-onset @entity191 (EOPD). The @entity38798 variant in the @entity56780 gene ( @entity56780 ) is common in essential @entity400 (ET). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of mutations in the parkin gene and the @entity38798 variant in the @entity56780 gene in a Mexican family with EOPD, ET, and @entity4401 . DESIGN: Direct sequencing, semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were performed in the 14 members of this family. SETTING: Mexican family. @entity1 Two @entity1 with EOPD were analyzed. RESULTS: Compound heterozygous mutations ( @entity71505 ) in the parkin gene were identified in 2 @entity1 with EOPD, characterized by beneficial response to levodopa, relatively slow progression, and motor complications. Although heterozygous EX 3_6 del and homozygous EX 5 del mutations in the parkin gene have been previously described, to our knowledge, this is the first report of these mutations in compound heterozygotes. Seven heterozygous @entity38798 variants in the @entity56780 gene were found in this pedigree, but they did not cosegregate with ET, @entity191 , or @entity4401 , supporting the conclusion that this variant is not associated with ET. CONCLUSIONS: Compound heterozygous parkin mutations ( @entity71505 ) caused EOPD in this family, but the @entity38798 variant in the @entity56780 gene, previously considered to be responsible for ET, was probably not pathogenically related to the ET in this family.

title: A family with @entity191 , XXXX , and parkin mutations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4401 :: ('MESH:D020330', 'Disease') :: ['Bell palsy']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease']

entities_list: @entity71505 :: ('|DEL,DEL|EX3_6|EX', 'DNAMutation') :: ['EX 3_6 del and EX 5 del']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['essential tremor, bell palsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive early-onset @entity191 (EOPD). The @entity38798 variant in the @entity56780 gene ( @entity56780 ) is common in essential @entity400 (ET). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of mutations in the parkin gene and the @entity38798 variant in the @entity56780 gene in a Mexican family with EOPD, ET, and @entity4401 . DESIGN: Direct sequencing, semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were performed in the 14 members of this family. SETTING: Mexican family. @entity1 Two @entity1 with EOPD were analyzed. RESULTS: Compound heterozygous mutations ( @entity71505 ) in the parkin gene were identified in 2 @entity1 with EOPD, characterized by beneficial response to levodopa, relatively slow progression, and motor complications. Although heterozygous EX 3_6 del and homozygous EX 5 del mutations in the parkin gene have been previously described, to our knowledge, this is the first report of these mutations in compound heterozygotes. Seven heterozygous @entity38798 variants in the @entity56780 gene were found in this pedigree, but they did not cosegregate with ET, @entity191 , or @entity4401 , supporting the conclusion that this variant is not associated with ET. CONCLUSIONS: Compound heterozygous parkin mutations ( @entity71505 ) caused EOPD in this family, but the @entity38798 variant in the @entity56780 gene, previously considered to be responsible for ET, was probably not pathogenically related to the ET in this family.

title: A family with XXXX , @entity400 , and parkin mutations.

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson disease']


abstract: The total surface area is known to be an effective exposure metric for predicting the lung @entity137 of low solubility nanoparticles (NPs). However, if NPs are dissolved quickly enough in the lungs, the mass may be correlated with the @entity137 . Recent studies have found that the @entity137 of @entity1947 ( @entity1948 ) NPs was caused by the release of @entity219 ions. Thus, we hypothesized that mass could be used as an exposure metric for the @entity137 of @entity1948 NPs. Healthy @entity35 were exposed to a low, moderate, or high dose of 35 and 250   nm @entity1948 particles or filtered air. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected to determine @entity55 , injury and oxidative stress. The @entity55 induced by @entity1948 particles according to different concentration metrics, including number, mass and surface area, was compared. The mass concentration was significantly correlated with the percentage of neutrophils (R(2)   =   0.84), number of neutrophils (R(2)   =   0.84) and total cells (R(2)   =   0.73). Similarly, surface area concentration was significantly correlated with the percentage of neutrophils (R(2)   =   0.94), number of neutrophils (R(2)   =   0.81) and total cells (R(2)   =   0.76). There was no correlation between the number and @entity55 . We found that both mass and surface area were effective as metrics for the @entity137 of @entity1948 NPs, although only surface area was previously indicated to be an effective metric. Our results are also consistent with recent study results that @entity1948 NPs and released @entity219 ions may play a role mediating the @entity137 of NPs.

title: Pulmonary toxicity of inhaled nanoscale and fine XXXX particles: mass and surface area as an exposure metric.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1947 :: ('MESH:D015034', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc oxide']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity1947 :: (MESH:D015034,Chemical) :: ['zinc oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare surgical and endovascular stent graft (ESG) treatment of blunt @entity764 (BAI) in the emergency setting. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective case control study in two surgical intensive care units of a university hospital. @entity1 : 30 @entity1 who presented with BAI between 1995 and 2005: 17 treated surgically and 13 by ESG. The two groups were comparable for the severity of @entity130 and mean delay before treatment; the mean age was higher in the ESG group (46+/-18 vs. 35+/-15 years). RESULTS: In the surgical group time spent in the operating theater was longer (310+/-130 vs. 140+/-48 min) and blood losses higher (2000+/-1300 vs. no significant @entity548 ); aortic clamping time was 48+/-20 min. The mortality rate was 15% with ESG (n=2) and 23% with surgery (n=4). Complications of the procedure were more frequent in the surgical group (1 vs. 7). In the ESG group there was one @entity1151 . In the surgical group there were three @entity16 , one @entity697 , one perioperative @entity397 , one periprosthetic leak, and one @entity326 . Two complications ( @entity86 and @entity451 ) appeared in the same @entity1 in the surgical group. Intensive care unit length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and @entity2922 support were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Stent graft for emergency treatment of BAI is efficient and is associated with fewer complications than surgical treatment.

title: Emergency endovascular stent graft repair for acute blunt XXXX : a retrospective case control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic aortic injury']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

answer: @entity764 :: (MESH:D013898,Disease) :: ['thoracic aortic injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of a home-based exercise intervention program to improve the functional performance of @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ). METHODS: Twenty-seven home-dwelling @entity1 with @entity195 were randomized to either an exercise intervention program delivered by their caregivers or a home safety assessment control. Measures of functional performance (primary), cognition, @entity146 , quality of life and caregiver burden (secondary) were obtained at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks following randomization. For each outcome measure, intent-to-treat analyses using linear random effects models were performed. Feasibility and adverse events were also assessed. RESULTS: Adherence to the exercise program was good. On the primary outcomes (functional performance) @entity1 in the exercise group demonstrated a trend for improved performance on measures of hand function and lower extremity strength. On secondary outcome measures, trends toward worse @entity308 and lower quality of life ratings were noted. CONCLUSIONS: The physical exercise intervention developed for the study, delivered by caregivers to home-dwelling @entity1 with @entity195 , was feasible and was associated with a trend for improved functional performance in this group of frail @entity1 . Given the limited efficacy to date of pharmacotherapies for @entity195 , further study of exercise intervention, in a variety of care setting, is warranted.

title: Evaluation of a home-based exercise program in the treatment of XXXX : the Maximizing Independence in Dementia (MIND) study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric symptoms']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's Disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (TDLC) has been used successfully in the treatment of refractive @entity726 . However, little is known about TDLC as a primary or secondary surgical procedure in primary open-angle and @entity9998 . METHODS: In a retrospective chart review we analyzed 90 eyes (48 @entity5771 /42 OS) in 90 @entity1 (mean age 75 years, range 60-92 years; 51 @entity1 /39 @entity1 ) with primary @entity1538 (n=66) and @entity9998 (n=24) who consecutively underwent TDLC with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. In 24 eyes (26.7%) TDLC was the primary surgical treatment. Mean energy was 80 J (60-92 J). Success was defined as a final intraocular pressure (IOP) between 4 and 18 mmHg, a minimum IOP reduction of 20% and the absence of major complications. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 36.7% after 24 months. A mean of 1.3 procedures was performed per @entity1 . No correlation between age and success rate (p=0.887) or gender and success rate (p=0.895) was seen. There was no significant reduction in antiglaucomatous medication (p=0.208), no significant loss of visual acuity (p=0.324) nor a significant relationship between loss of visual acuity and failure of treatment (p=0.201). In @entity1 with primary @entity1538 the success rate was 40.9% after 24 months; in @entity1 with @entity9998 it was 25.0% after 24 months. There was no significant difference between primary @entity1538 and @entity9998 (p=0.684). Previous ocular surgery decreased the success probability from 45.8 to 33.3% (p=0.001). Prolonged @entity2421 occurred in 1 @entity1 . No phthisis bulbi developed. CONCLUSIONS: Transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation is an effective and safe method not only in the treatment of refractive @entity726 , but also as a primary surgical procedure in primary open-angle and @entity9998 . TDLC may be used more widely in @entity726 therapy, although further long-term studies have to confirm these findings.

title: Transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation as primary and secondary surgical treatment in primary open-angle and XXXX . Long-term clinical outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'woman', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity9998 :: ('MESH:D017889', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoexfoliative glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['pseudoexfoliatve glaucoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate @entity1 ' demographics, patterns of presentation and outcomes of admissions with severe @entity2753 and other electrolyte disturbances that are related to @entity7486 . METHODS: @entity1 with severe @entity7486 -related @entity2753 (defined as serum sodium <125 mmol/L) admitted to the Department of General Medicine of a tertiary teaching hospital between 1 July 2006 and 30 June 2009 were evaluated in this study. @entity1 ' characteristics, clinical features of their presentation and other electrolyte disturbances were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Eleven @entity1 were admitted with severe @entity2753 and other electrolyte disturbances associated with @entity7486 use. All @entity1 were female and elderly (age: 81.7    5.8 years). Their mean weight was 59.0    8.8 kg. @entity7486 sustained release (SR) 1.5 mg daily was taken by eight of eleven @entity1 and the others took @entity7486 2.5 mg in combination with @entity4687 . The mean serum @entity1372 concentration on presentation was 110.9    5.9 mmol/L and was associated with findings of @entity1371 in ten @entity1 and @entity1272 in eight @entity1 . All @entity1 presented predominantly with neurological manifestations, @entity933 (six @entity1 ) being the most common. Electrocardiographic changes were common (nine @entity1 ) including prolonged QT interval in six @entity1 . All the @entity1 ' electrolyte abnormalities were corrected without any life-threatening complications. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights that the use of @entity7486 is associated with severe @entity2753 and other electrolyte disturbances. Therefore clinicians should be aware of severe electrolyte disturbances arising from @entity7486 . New onset of @entity16 such as @entity933 and unsteady gait in the elderly taking @entity7486 should prompt evaluation of their electrolyte profile.

title: Severe XXXX and other electrolyte disturbances associated with @entity7486 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7486 :: ('MESH:D007190', 'Chemical') :: ['indapamide', 'Indapamide']

entities_list: @entity1272 :: ('MESH:C537153', 'Disease') :: ['hypomagnesemia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemia']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity4687 :: ('MESH:D020913', 'Chemical') :: ['perindopril']

answer: @entity2753 :: (MESH:D007010,Disease) :: ['hyponatremia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate @entity1 ' demographics, patterns of presentation and outcomes of admissions with severe @entity2753 and other electrolyte disturbances that are related to @entity7486 . METHODS: @entity1 with severe @entity7486 -related @entity2753 (defined as serum sodium <125 mmol/L) admitted to the Department of General Medicine of a tertiary teaching hospital between 1 July 2006 and 30 June 2009 were evaluated in this study. @entity1 ' characteristics, clinical features of their presentation and other electrolyte disturbances were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Eleven @entity1 were admitted with severe @entity2753 and other electrolyte disturbances associated with @entity7486 use. All @entity1 were female and elderly (age: 81.7    5.8 years). Their mean weight was 59.0    8.8 kg. @entity7486 sustained release (SR) 1.5 mg daily was taken by eight of eleven @entity1 and the others took @entity7486 2.5 mg in combination with @entity4687 . The mean serum @entity1372 concentration on presentation was 110.9    5.9 mmol/L and was associated with findings of @entity1371 in ten @entity1 and @entity1272 in eight @entity1 . All @entity1 presented predominantly with neurological manifestations, @entity933 (six @entity1 ) being the most common. Electrocardiographic changes were common (nine @entity1 ) including prolonged QT interval in six @entity1 . All the @entity1 ' electrolyte abnormalities were corrected without any life-threatening complications. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights that the use of @entity7486 is associated with severe @entity2753 and other electrolyte disturbances. Therefore clinicians should be aware of severe electrolyte disturbances arising from @entity7486 . New onset of @entity16 such as @entity933 and unsteady gait in the elderly taking @entity7486 should prompt evaluation of their electrolyte profile.

title: Severe @entity2753 and other electrolyte disturbances associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity7486 :: (MESH:D007190,Chemical) :: ['indapamide']


abstract: @entity4742 ( @entity4743 ) is a @entity1 carcinogen, based on sufficient epidemiological evidence. @entity4743 is mainly metabolized to its @entity6153 , 3'-hydroxyDES (3'-OH-DES), which can further oxidize to DES-3',4'-quinone (DES-3',4'-Q). Similarly to @entity71506 , the reaction of DES-3',4'-Q with DNA would form the depurinating 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N3Ade and 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N7Gua adducts. To prove this hypothesis, synthesis of DES-3',4'-Q by oxidation of 3'-OH-DES with @entity19851 was tried; this failed due to instantaneous formation of a spiro-quinone. Oxidation of 3'-OH-DES by lactoperoxidase or @entity11442 in the presence of DNA led to the formation of 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N3Ade and 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N7Gua adducts. These adducts were tentatively identified by LC- @entity15 / @entity15 as 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N3Ade, m/z = 418 [M+H](+), and 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N7Gua, m/z = 434 [M+H](+). Demonstration of their structures derived from their oxidation by MnO(2) to the @entity4743 @entity3276 adducts and subsequent tautomerization to the @entity68513 (DIES) @entity6153 adducts, which are identical to the standard 3'-OH-DIES-6'-N3Ade, m/z = 416 [M+H](+), and 3'-OH-DIES-6'-N7Gua, m/z = 432 [M+H](+), adducts. The reaction of DIES-3',4'-Q or lactoperoxidase-activated 3'-OH-DIES with DNA did not produce any depurinating adducts, due to the dienic chain being perpendicular to the @entity15060 planes, which impedes the intercalation of DIES into the DNA. Enzymic oxidation of 3'-OH-DES suggests that the @entity6153 of @entity4743 intercalates into DNA and is then oxidized to its @entity3276 to yield N3Ade and N7Gua adducts. These results suggest that the common denominator of @entity5 initiation by the synthetic estrogen DES and the natural estrogen estradiol is formation of their catechol quinones, which react with DNA to afford the depurinating N3Ade and N7Gua adducts.

title: Mechanism of metabolic activation and DNA adduct formation by the @entity1 carcinogen XXXX : the defining link to natural estrogens.

entities_list: @entity68513 :: ('MESH:D004028', 'Chemical') :: ['dienestrol']

entities_list: @entity71506 :: ('MESH:C500988', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol-3,4-quinone']

entities_list: @entity4742 :: ('MESH:D004054', 'Chemical') :: ['Diethylstilbestrol']

entities_list: @entity6153 :: ('MESH:C034221', 'Chemical') :: ['catechol']

answer: @entity4742 :: (MESH:D004054,Chemical) :: ['diethylstilbestrol']


abstract: @entity4742 ( @entity4743 ) is a @entity1 carcinogen, based on sufficient epidemiological evidence. @entity4743 is mainly metabolized to its @entity6153 , 3'-hydroxyDES (3'-OH-DES), which can further oxidize to DES-3',4'-quinone (DES-3',4'-Q). Similarly to @entity71506 , the reaction of DES-3',4'-Q with DNA would form the depurinating 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N3Ade and 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N7Gua adducts. To prove this hypothesis, synthesis of DES-3',4'-Q by oxidation of 3'-OH-DES with @entity19851 was tried; this failed due to instantaneous formation of a spiro-quinone. Oxidation of 3'-OH-DES by lactoperoxidase or @entity11442 in the presence of DNA led to the formation of 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N3Ade and 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N7Gua adducts. These adducts were tentatively identified by LC- @entity15 / @entity15 as 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N3Ade, m/z = 418 [M+H](+), and 3'-OH- @entity12592 '-N7Gua, m/z = 434 [M+H](+). Demonstration of their structures derived from their oxidation by MnO(2) to the @entity4743 @entity3276 adducts and subsequent tautomerization to the @entity68513 (DIES) @entity6153 adducts, which are identical to the standard 3'-OH-DIES-6'-N3Ade, m/z = 416 [M+H](+), and 3'-OH-DIES-6'-N7Gua, m/z = 432 [M+H](+), adducts. The reaction of DIES-3',4'-Q or lactoperoxidase-activated 3'-OH-DIES with DNA did not produce any depurinating adducts, due to the dienic chain being perpendicular to the @entity15060 planes, which impedes the intercalation of DIES into the DNA. Enzymic oxidation of 3'-OH-DES suggests that the @entity6153 of @entity4743 intercalates into DNA and is then oxidized to its @entity3276 to yield N3Ade and N7Gua adducts. These results suggest that the common denominator of @entity5 initiation by the synthetic estrogen DES and the natural estrogen estradiol is formation of their catechol quinones, which react with DNA to afford the depurinating N3Ade and N7Gua adducts.

title: Mechanism of metabolic activation and DNA adduct formation by the XXXX carcinogen @entity4742 : the defining link to natural estrogens.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess, by means of a self administered structured questionnaire, the level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of physical education teachers in Bangalore city with regards to emergency management of @entity8495 . The questionnaire surveyed the physical education teacher's background, knowledge of management of tooth @entity174 , @entity155 , @entity130 , it also investigated physical education teacher's attitude and the way they handle the injuries. The sample consisted 580 teachers from 700 selected schools in Bangalore city. Chi-square test was applied to test the significance between trained and untrained teachers. Among the population 70% were males physical education teachers 30% were females. 95% of the teachers had physical education training and 5% did not have the training. 95% of the population had first aid component and 5% did not have. Only 25% of trained physical education teachers had correct knowledge about tooth identification and 17% among untrained teachers. 81% of trained teachers answered correctly regarding management of @entity174 against 27.5% of untrained teachers (P< 0.0002). The present report indicates that there is lack of knowledge and practice among physical education teachers in Bangalore city regarding emergency management of dental @entity130 . Educational programs to improve the knowledge and awareness among the teachers have to be implemented.

title: Knowledge, attitude and practice in emergency management of XXXX among physical education teachers: a survey in Bangalore urban schools.

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['luxation injuries', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

entities_list: @entity8495 :: ('MESH:D018677', 'Disease') :: ['dental injuries']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture', 'fractured anterior teeth']

answer: @entity8495 :: (MESH:D018677,Disease) :: ['dental injury']


abstract: A @entity66 in the subependymal region of the lateral ventricle in a 13-year-old neutered male mongrel cat with a complaint of @entity2147 , right circling movement and posture abnormality was examined. The magnetic resonance image examination revealed a relatively large T1-hypointense and T2-hyperintense @entity66 in the left interventricular foramen region, and there were no abnormalities in the chest and abdominal x-ray radiographic, funduscopic, and electric retinogram findings. The cat was died 43 days after the initial referral, and the post-mortem examinations revealed a poorly demarcated subependymal mass. Histologically, the @entity75 consisted of complex proliferation of highly pleomorphic cells resembling histiocytes with atypia and abundant mitotic figures. Moderate infiltrates of small reactive lymphocytes were admixed with the pleomorphic cell population. Gemistcytic astrocytes were also intermingled with the periphery of neoplastic foci. Immunohistochemically, most of the pleomorphic cells were positive for HLA-DR alpha-chain and ionized @entity460 binding adaptor molecule 1, and few were positive for lysozyme and @entity8698 . The atypical pleomorphic cells were negative for CD3, IgG (H and L), glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament, suggesting monocytic/histiocytic-origin of the cells. The number of Ki-67-positive cell nuclei was extremely large, reflecting the high growth activity of these cells. Based on the findings, the lesion was considered as @entity2058 .

title: XXXX in the brain of a cat.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesion']

entities_list: @entity2058 :: ('MESH:D054747', 'Disease') :: ['histiocytic sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['somnolence']

entities_list: @entity8698 :: ('12', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-1 antichymotrypsin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity2058 :: (MESH:D054747,Disease) :: ['Histiocytic sarcoma']


abstract: Two experiments were conducted to determine dietary factors affecting digesta viscosity. In experiment 1, six ileal-cannulated @entity235 were either full (607.1 kJ/BW0.67) or restricted (303.5 kJ/BW0.67) fed. In experiment 2, four @entity235 foods were surveyed for effects on digesta viscosity based on protein source [animal protein (AP) or plant protein (PP)] or dietary fibre source [soluble dietary fibre (SDF) or insoluble dietary fibre (IDF)]. @entity62 ( @entity62 ) intake was higher (p<0.05) when @entity235 were full (11.4 g/kg) compared with restricted fed (5.98 g/kg). Ileal digesta viscosity tended to be higher (p=0.07) for full fed [10,251 centipoise (cP)] compared with restricted-fed @entity235 (6677 cP). Ileal digesta viscosities were 6561, 11,074, 13,830 and 15,967 cP for @entity235 consuming IDF, SDF, AP and PP treatments respectively. Ileal @entity62 concentrations were 11.4%, 13.6%, 14.8% and 14.8% for SDF, IDF, AP and PP treatments respectively. @entity62 digestibility coefficients were lowest (71.2%) for the PP treatment and highest (88.7%) for the IDF treatment. Organic matter digestibilities followed a similar pattern. Ileal digesta viscosity of @entity235 appears to increase with increased diet intake, and increased ileal @entity62 concentration. More digestible diets result in less ileal @entity62 and lower viscosity constants.

title: Food intake and ingredient profile affect viscosity of ileal digesta of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['Dry matter', 'DM']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: Among primary @entity1892 , @entity706 represent, according to the World Health Organization-European Organisation For Research and Treatment of Cancer classification, a subgroup with a favorable prognosis. We describe the case of a 45-year-old @entity1 who presented with large infiltrated @entity5 and nodules coalescing into a wide ulcerated plaque of the scalp, extending from the frontal to the occipital region. At the vertex, 2 large @entity1066 were present, reaching the subcutaneous tissues and the underlying bone structures with osseus infiltration and erosion and consequent meningeal exposure. A @entity3329 was also present. Histology and immunohystochemistry diagnosed a relapse of primary @entity706 with multilobated histomorphology and lymph node involvement. The histological picture was unchanged from the first sample of 1989. Due to a refusal to treatment, the lesion progressively grew until now. After 6 courses of chemotherapy ( @entity786 , @entity1891 , liposomal @entity632 , @entity229 -Rituximab), the @entity5 displayed an impressive complete regression with the persistence of a 4-cm occipital ulceration and underlying @entity79 . The @entity3018 disappeared as well. This case gave us the opportunity to observe the natural development of the disease, leading to local mutilating and destroying lesions but with low tendency to systemic spread and an impressive response to chemotherapy.

title: Long-term evolution of an untreated primary XXXX of the scalp.

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['left retroauricular lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity3018 :: ('MESH:D009377', 'Disease') :: ['adenopathy']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous follicle center lymphoma', 'follicle center lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerations']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone erosion']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous B-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['cutaneous follicle center lymphoma']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate interlaboratory variation in isolation and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas spp. as reported to veterinarians for cases of @entity235 chronic @entity12088 . Twenty-six @entity235 with unilateral or bilateral @entity12088 from multiple referral practices were included in this prospective study. Triplicate samples collected simultaneously from the same location in the external ear canal were randomly submitted to three laboratories for culture and susceptibility testing. Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from 18 of 34 (53%) ears. All three laboratories agreed on the presence of Pseudomonas spp. in 15 (83.3%) ears sampled. However, two laboratories agreed on two (11.1%) occasions, and on one occasion (5.5%) Pseudomonas spp. were identified in only one laboratory. @entity6251 ( @entity6251 ) susceptibilities to 11 antibiotics were compared between laboratories B and C. Using laboratory-defined susceptibility of sensitive (S), intermediate (I) and resistant (R), none of the 16 Pseudomonas spp. with @entity6251 data reported had identical patterns of antibiotic susceptibility. Agreement in susceptibility to individual antibiotics was observed in 13 of 16 (81%) occasions for @entity4509 and @entity801 , 10 of 16 (63%) occasions for @entity4967 , and nine of 16 (56%) for @entity14116 . These results indicate that Pseudomonas spp. were identified by all three laboratories chosen for this study in 83% of the time. Moreover, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and @entity6251 values reported to veterinarians may not agree between laboratories. Veterinarians should interpret bacterial culture and susceptibility results with multiple caveats including variability between laboratories.

title: Variability of laboratory identification and antibiotic susceptibility reporting of Pseudomonas spp. isolates from @entity235 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity14116 :: ('MESH:C052904', 'Chemical') :: ['enrofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity4967 :: ('MESH:D013982', 'Chemical') :: ['ticarcillin']

entities_list: @entity12088 :: ('MESH:D010032', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial otitis externa']

entities_list: @entity6251 :: ('MESH:C567712', 'Disease') :: ['MIC', 'Minimum inhibitory concentration']

answer: @entity12088 :: (MESH:D010032,Disease) :: ['chronic otitis externa']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate interlaboratory variation in isolation and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas spp. as reported to veterinarians for cases of @entity235 chronic @entity12088 . Twenty-six @entity235 with unilateral or bilateral @entity12088 from multiple referral practices were included in this prospective study. Triplicate samples collected simultaneously from the same location in the external ear canal were randomly submitted to three laboratories for culture and susceptibility testing. Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from 18 of 34 (53%) ears. All three laboratories agreed on the presence of Pseudomonas spp. in 15 (83.3%) ears sampled. However, two laboratories agreed on two (11.1%) occasions, and on one occasion (5.5%) Pseudomonas spp. were identified in only one laboratory. @entity6251 ( @entity6251 ) susceptibilities to 11 antibiotics were compared between laboratories B and C. Using laboratory-defined susceptibility of sensitive (S), intermediate (I) and resistant (R), none of the 16 Pseudomonas spp. with @entity6251 data reported had identical patterns of antibiotic susceptibility. Agreement in susceptibility to individual antibiotics was observed in 13 of 16 (81%) occasions for @entity4509 and @entity801 , 10 of 16 (63%) occasions for @entity4967 , and nine of 16 (56%) for @entity14116 . These results indicate that Pseudomonas spp. were identified by all three laboratories chosen for this study in 83% of the time. Moreover, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and @entity6251 values reported to veterinarians may not agree between laboratories. Veterinarians should interpret bacterial culture and susceptibility results with multiple caveats including variability between laboratories.

title: Variability of laboratory identification and antibiotic susceptibility reporting of Pseudomonas spp. isolates from XXXX with @entity12088 .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intergroup 0139 Trial suggests an increase in mortality after pneumonectomy in @entity1 receiving preoperative chemotherapy and radiation. We evaluate our outcomes with pneumonectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation. METHODS: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation consisted of @entity900 50 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, 29, and 36 and @entity2879 50 mg/m2 on days 1-5 and 29-33 given concurrently with 5,040 cGy radiation. From a prospective database, results after pneumonectomy were compared between @entity1 receiving and not receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation during the same time period. RESULTS: Over 7 years, 50 pneumonectomies were performed for non-small-cell @entity189 ; 18 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation (group A) and 32 did not (group B). Comparing group A with group B, there was no significant difference in @entity1 demographics, @entity190 , transfusion requirements or pneumonectomy side. Group A had more @entity1 with stage III disease [17/ 18 (94%) versus 15/32 (47%), P = 0.001] and also more often had vascularized flap for bronchial stump coverage [17/18 (94%) versus 4/32 (13%), P < 0.001]. There was no significant difference in operative morbidity or mortality. Mortality for group A was 0/18 and for group B was 2/32 (6.3%) (P = 0.530). Group A @entity1 with IIIA(N2) disease (n = 13) had median recurrence-free survival of 12.4 months, median overall survival of 25 months, and 3- year overall survival of 22.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Using a multidisciplinary team approach at a tertiary care center, pneumonectomy can be performed successfully after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation for @entity5 . Vascularized flap for bronchial stump coverage may be important in this regard.

title: Pneumonectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['advanced-stage lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['advanced-stage lung cancer']


abstract: Damage to the hippocampus (HPC) using the excitotoxin @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) can cause @entity5186 for contextual fear memory. This @entity2730 is typically attributed to loss of cells in the HPC. However, @entity143 is also known to cause intense neuronal discharge ( @entity410 activity) during the hours that follow its injection. These @entity410 may have detrimental effects on retrieval of memories. Here we evaluate the possibility that @entity5186 is due to @entity143 -induced @entity410 activity or cell damage per se. To assess the effects of @entity143 induced activity on contextual memory, we developed a lesion technique that utilizes the @entity2359 effects of @entity143 while at the same time suppressing possible associated @entity410 activity. @entity143 and @entity1022 ( @entity4524 ), a @entity1372 channel blocker, are simultaneously infused into the @entity35 HPC, resulting in extensive bilateral damage to the HPC. @entity4524 , co-infused with @entity143 , suppresses propagation of @entity410 activity. @entity35 received pairings of a novel context with foot shock, after which they received @entity143 -induced, @entity4524 + @entity143 -induced, or no damage to the HPC at a recent (24 hours) or remote (5 weeks) time point. After recovery, the @entity35 were placed into the shock context and freezing was scored as an index of fear memory. @entity35 with an intact HPC exhibited robust memory for the aversive context at both time points, whereas @entity35 that received @entity143 or @entity143 + @entity4524 lesions showed a significant reduction in learned fear of equal magnitude at both the recent and remote time points. Therefore, it is unlikely that observed @entity5186 in contextual fear conditioning are due to disruption of non-HPC networks by propagated @entity410 activity. Moreover, the memory deficit observed at both time points offers additional evidence supporting the proposition that the HPC has a continuing role in maintaining contextual memories.

title: Suppression of @entity2359 -induced XXXX activity: evidence for a permanent role for the hippocampus in contextual memory.

entities_list: @entity5186 :: ('MESH:D000648', 'Disease') :: ['retrograde amnesia']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity1022 :: ('MESH:D013779', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrodotoxin']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxic']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizure']


abstract: Damage to the hippocampus (HPC) using the excitotoxin @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) can cause @entity5186 for contextual fear memory. This @entity2730 is typically attributed to loss of cells in the HPC. However, @entity143 is also known to cause intense neuronal discharge ( @entity410 activity) during the hours that follow its injection. These @entity410 may have detrimental effects on retrieval of memories. Here we evaluate the possibility that @entity5186 is due to @entity143 -induced @entity410 activity or cell damage per se. To assess the effects of @entity143 induced activity on contextual memory, we developed a lesion technique that utilizes the @entity2359 effects of @entity143 while at the same time suppressing possible associated @entity410 activity. @entity143 and @entity1022 ( @entity4524 ), a @entity1372 channel blocker, are simultaneously infused into the @entity35 HPC, resulting in extensive bilateral damage to the HPC. @entity4524 , co-infused with @entity143 , suppresses propagation of @entity410 activity. @entity35 received pairings of a novel context with foot shock, after which they received @entity143 -induced, @entity4524 + @entity143 -induced, or no damage to the HPC at a recent (24 hours) or remote (5 weeks) time point. After recovery, the @entity35 were placed into the shock context and freezing was scored as an index of fear memory. @entity35 with an intact HPC exhibited robust memory for the aversive context at both time points, whereas @entity35 that received @entity143 or @entity143 + @entity4524 lesions showed a significant reduction in learned fear of equal magnitude at both the recent and remote time points. Therefore, it is unlikely that observed @entity5186 in contextual fear conditioning are due to disruption of non-HPC networks by propagated @entity410 activity. Moreover, the memory deficit observed at both time points offers additional evidence supporting the proposition that the HPC has a continuing role in maintaining contextual memories.

title: Suppression of XXXX -induced @entity410 activity: evidence for a permanent role for the hippocampus in contextual memory.

answer: @entity2359 :: (MESH:D020258,Disease) :: ['neurotoxic lesion']


abstract: Regulation of pre-mRNA splicing is achieved through the interaction of RNA sequence elements and a variety of RNA-splicing related proteins (splicing factors). The splicing machinery in @entity1 is not yet fully elucidated, partly because splicing factors in @entity1 have not been exhaustively identified. Furthermore, experimental methods for splicing factor identification are time-consuming and lab-intensive. Although many computational methods have been proposed for the identification of RNA-binding proteins, there exists no development that focuses on the identification of RNA-splicing related proteins so far. Therefore, we are motivated to design a method that focuses on the identification of @entity1 splicing factors using experimentally verified splicing factors. The investigation of @entity535 composition reveals that there are remarkable differences between splicing factors and non-splicing proteins. A support vector machine (SVM) is utilized to construct a predictive model, and the five-fold cross-validation evaluation indicates that the SVM model trained with @entity535 composition could provide a promising accuracy (80.22%). Another basic feature, @entity535 dipeptide composition, is also examined to yield a similar predictive performance to @entity535 composition. In addition, this work presents that the incorporation of evolutionary information and domain information could improve the predictive performance. The constructed models have been demonstrated to effectively classify (73.65% accuracy) an independent data set of @entity1 splicing factors. The result of independent testing indicates that in silico identification could be a feasible means of conducting preliminary analyses of splicing factors and significantly reducing the number of potential targets that require further in vivo or in vitro confirmation.

title: Incorporating evolutionary information and functional domains for identifying RNA splicing factors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: Objective. The aim of the study is to define predictors of relapse/recurrence after electroconvulsive therapy, ECT, for @entity1 with @entity308 . Methods. A study of all @entity1 (n = 486) treated by means of ECT for @entity308 was performed. The data were derived from a regional quality register in Sweden. Psychiatric hospitalisation or suicide was used as a marker for relapse/recurrence. Results. The relapse/recurrence rate within one year after ECT was 34%. Factors associated with increased risk of relapse/recurrence included comorbid @entity734 and treatment with @entity1245 or antipsychotics during the follow-up period. Conclusions. Within the first years after ECT, relapses/recurrences leading to hospitalisation or suicide are common. Treatment with @entity1091 might be beneficial, while @entity1245 , antipsychotics, or continuation ECT does not seem to significantly reduce the risk of relapse/recurrence.

title: Predictors of time to relapse/recurrence after electroconvulsive therapy in @entity1 with XXXX : a population-based cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance dependence']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['major depressive disorder']


abstract: Objective. The aim of the study is to define predictors of relapse/recurrence after electroconvulsive therapy, ECT, for @entity1 with @entity308 . Methods. A study of all @entity1 (n = 486) treated by means of ECT for @entity308 was performed. The data were derived from a regional quality register in Sweden. Psychiatric hospitalisation or suicide was used as a marker for relapse/recurrence. Results. The relapse/recurrence rate within one year after ECT was 34%. Factors associated with increased risk of relapse/recurrence included comorbid @entity734 and treatment with @entity1245 or antipsychotics during the follow-up period. Conclusions. Within the first years after ECT, relapses/recurrences leading to hospitalisation or suicide are common. Treatment with @entity1091 might be beneficial, while @entity1245 , antipsychotics, or continuation ECT does not seem to significantly reduce the risk of relapse/recurrence.

title: Predictors of time to relapse/recurrence after electroconvulsive therapy in XXXX with @entity308 : a population-based cohort study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: Many studies have been performed to analyse the influence of surgical techniques and the postoperative aftercare after Achilles @entity397 on the outcome. However, there is no study investigating the influence of physiotherapy on outcome after surgical repair and standardised early functional rehabilitation of Achilles @entity397 , so that this was the objective of the present study. @entity1 AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 104 @entity1 with Achilles @entity397 , all treated by open repair followed by a standardised early rehabilitation, were evaluated by the Thermann score. The average age was 42 years. We could identify 3 @entity1 groups. Group I (n=23) did not receive any physiotherapy. Group II (n=41) received physiotherapy for 3-6 weeks, and group III (n=40) received more than 6 weeks of physiotherapy. Physiotherapy consisted of 3 units per week. Each unit lasted for 30 min. All groups were compared statistically via variance analysis. RESULTS: Group I scored on average 88.8 points, group II 88.6 and group III 87.0 points. There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups (p=0.50). The age of @entity1 had also no relevant influence on the outcome (p=0.48). CONCLUSIONS: Physiotherapy and age of the @entity1 involved were not found to influence the outcome after @entity397 followed by a standardised early rehabilitation. These results should be confirmed by a prospective randomised trial. Also elderly @entity1 participating in demanding sport activities should receive a surgical repair.

title: [No influence of physiotherapy on outcome after open repair of achilles XXXX ?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['tendon rupture', 'tendon ruptures', 'open augmented repair of Achilles tendon ruptures']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['tendon ruptures']


abstract: Objective. To assess the relevance of sentinel lymph nodes (SNs) outside the extended pelvic lymph node dissection area (e-PLND). @entity1 and Methods. Evaluation of our laparoscopic SN procedures for @entity263 @entity1 of intermediate prognosis. Retrospective data collection on the exact location of the excised SNs and the pathology results were analyzed. Results and Limitations. Of the 121 @entity1 , 49 had positive lymph nodes. 37 @entity1 (31%) had SNs outside the e-PLND template. Five of these nodes were @entity5 bearing but only twice exclusively so. Of the 14 @entity1 considered for salvage treatment, 6 were node positive. 7 of these 14 @entity1 (50%) had SNs outside the extended dissection area, yet none of these nodes were @entity5 positive. Limitations are those of a retrospective study. Conclusions. Laparoscopic SN biopsy may show SNs outside the e-PLND template in 31% of the @entity1 . However, nodes that are exclusively positive in one of these areas are rare. For the dichotomy positive or negative nodes, the locations outside the e-PLND area are not often relevant. Nevertheless, when all positive nodes are to be treated by resection or radiotherapy, these locations are relevant. When considering salvage treatment for @entity263 , the method is feasible.

title: Laparoscopic sentinel lymph node biopsy for XXXX : the relevance of locations outside the extended dissection area.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Intermolecular interaction energy data for the @entity577 dimer have been calculated at a spectroscopic accuracy and employed to construct an ab initio potential energy surface (PES) for @entity74 ( @entity74 ) simulations of fluid @entity577 properties. The full potential curves of the @entity577 dimer at 12 symmetric conformations were calculated by the supermolecule counterpoise-corrected second-order M  ller-Plesset ( @entity4885 ) perturbation theory. Single-point coupled cluster with single and double and perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)] calculations were also carried out to calibrate the @entity4885 potentials. We employed Pople's medium size basis sets [up to 6-311++G(3df, 3pd)] and Dunning's correlation consistent basis sets (cc-pVXZ and aug-cc-pVXZ, X = D, T, Q). For each conformer, the intermolecular @entity505 - @entity505 separation was sampled in a step 0.1 A for a range of 3-9 A, resulting in a total of 732 configuration points calculated. The @entity4885 binding curves display significant anisotropy with respect to the relative orientations of the dimer. The potential curves at the complete basis set (CBS) limit were estimated using well-established analytical extrapolation schemes. A 4-site potential model with sites located at the @entity3884 atoms was used to fit the ab initio potential data. This model stems from a @entity3884 - @entity3884 repulsion mechanism to explain the stability of the dimer structure. @entity74 simulations using the ab initio PES show quantitative agreements on both the atom-wise radial distribution functions and the self-diffusion coefficients over a wide range of experimental conditions.

title: Molecular dynamics simulations of fluid XXXX properties using ab initio intermolecular interaction potentials.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular dynamics', 'MD']

answer: @entity577 :: (MESH:D008697,Chemical) :: ['methane']


abstract: PURPOSE: The economics of acute post-operative @entity158 management are discussed. Studies identifying cost drivers in post-operative @entity158 treatment and the economic sequelae of undertreated @entity158 are reviewed. The relative costs of intermittent intramuscular @entity1337 , intravenous @entity1 -controlled @entity1337 , and epidural @entity1337 are described. Medication errors and their consequences are addressed. The importance of @entity1 satisfaction and data on its correlation with acute post-operative @entity158 are reviewed. SUMMARY: Although the economics of acute post-operative @entity158 treatment are difficult to accurately assess, studies have demonstrated that pharmacy acquisition costs represent as little as 1% of the total hospital cost of surgical treatment. Costs of @entity1337 are driven largely by staff time. Inadequate treatment of post-operative @entity158 can have important economic ramifications associated with increased @entity1 morbidity, extended hospital stays, and readmissions. Inadequate treatment of post-operative @entity158 is also associated with reduced @entity1 satisfaction, a measure of increasing importance to health systems and pharmacists who practice within them. CONCLUSION: Undertreatment of acute post-operative @entity158 has important implications for health systems from the standpoints of economics and @entity1 satisfaction.

title: Addressing stakeholders' needs: economics and XXXX satisfaction.

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to develop and validate a method for the integrated analysis of systolic and diastolic ventricular function. BACKGROUND: An integrated approach to assess ventricular pump function, myocontractility (end-systolic pressure-volume relationship [ESPVR]), and diastolic compliance (end-diastolic pressure-volume relation [EDPVR]) is of high clinical value. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is well established for measuring global pump function, and catheterization-combined CMR was previously shown to accurately measure ESPVR, but not yet the EDPVR. METHODS: In 8 @entity1707 , the CMR technique was compared with conductance catheter methods (gold standard) for measuring the EDPVR in the left and right ventricle. Measurements were performed at rest and during @entity452 administration. For CMR, the ESPVR was estimated with a single-beat approach by synchronizing invasive ventricular pressures with cine CMR-derived ventricular volumes. The EDPVR was determined during pre-load reduction from additional volume data that were obtained from real-time velocity-encoded CMR pulmonary/aortic blood flow measurements. Pre-load reduction was achieved by @entity432 . The @entity2693 coefficient beta was calculated by an exponential fit from the EDPVR. After validation in the animal experiments, the EDPVR was assessed in a pilot study of 3 @entity1 with a single ventricle using identical CMR and conductance catheter techniques. RESULTS: Bland-Altman tests showed good agreement between conductance catheter-derived and CMR-derived EDPVR. In both ventricles of the @entity1707 , @entity452 enhanced myocontractility (p < 0.01), increased @entity64 volume (p < 0.01), and improved diastolic function. The latter was evidenced by shorter early relaxation (p < 0.05), a downward shift of the EDPVR, and a decreased @entity2693 coefficient beta (p < 0.05). In contrast, in the @entity1 , early relaxation was inconspicuous but the EDPVR shifted left-upward and the @entity2693 constant remained unchanged. The observed changes in diastolic function were not significantly different when measured with conductance catheter and CMR. CONCLUSIONS: This novel CMR method provides differential information about diastolic function in conjunction with parameters of systolic contractility and global pump function.

title: Integrated assessment of diastolic and systolic ventricular function using diagnostic cardiac magnetic resonance catheterization: validation in XXXX and application in a clinical pilot study.

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['transient balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this report is to elucidate the feasibility of the frozen @entity7105 trunk technique as a one-stage operation for extensive @entity439 and to investigate the long-term durability and efficacy of this procedure from our 11 years of experience. METHODS: The subjects were 58 consecutive @entity1 who electively received the frozen @entity7105 trunk technique for @entity439 involving the aortic arch and the descending aorta between September 1997 and September 2008. Concomitant procedures included 15 coronary artery bypass grafts, 2 aortic valve replacements, 1 aortic root replacement, and 3 maze procedures. The stent graft was delivered to the seventh thoracic vertebra level (Th7) in 22, Th8 in 26, Th9 in 8, and Th10 in 2 @entity1 . Cerebrospinal fluid drainage was administered preoperatively in 10 (17.2%) @entity1 . RESULTS: Operative mortality within 30 days was 0 of 58. There was 1 in-hospital death. Perioperative morbidity included @entity64 and @entity1566 in 2 (3.4%) @entity1 each. During the mean follow-up period of 54.2 +/- 36.9 months, there were 9 (15.5%) late deaths, and 7 (12.1%) @entity1 required additional intervention. The 8-year survival was 65.5%, the overall 8-year aortic event free survival was 72.8%, and the 8-year event free survival on the site of the stent graft was 94.8%. A follow-up computed tomographic image was available for 86.2% (50/58) of @entity1 who survived longer than 6 months. The size of the @entity439 increased in 1 (2.0%) @entity1 , was not changed in 6 (12.0%) @entity1 , shrank in 34 (68.0%) @entity1 , and was obliterated in 9 (18.0%) @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The frozen @entity7105 trunk for extensive @entity449 had long-term durability and efficacy and might become the alternative treatment for extended aortic replacement.

title: Long-term results of the frozen @entity7105 trunk technique for the extensive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerotic aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['arteriosclerotic aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this report is to elucidate the feasibility of the frozen @entity7105 trunk technique as a one-stage operation for extensive @entity439 and to investigate the long-term durability and efficacy of this procedure from our 11 years of experience. METHODS: The subjects were 58 consecutive @entity1 who electively received the frozen @entity7105 trunk technique for @entity439 involving the aortic arch and the descending aorta between September 1997 and September 2008. Concomitant procedures included 15 coronary artery bypass grafts, 2 aortic valve replacements, 1 aortic root replacement, and 3 maze procedures. The stent graft was delivered to the seventh thoracic vertebra level (Th7) in 22, Th8 in 26, Th9 in 8, and Th10 in 2 @entity1 . Cerebrospinal fluid drainage was administered preoperatively in 10 (17.2%) @entity1 . RESULTS: Operative mortality within 30 days was 0 of 58. There was 1 in-hospital death. Perioperative morbidity included @entity64 and @entity1566 in 2 (3.4%) @entity1 each. During the mean follow-up period of 54.2 +/- 36.9 months, there were 9 (15.5%) late deaths, and 7 (12.1%) @entity1 required additional intervention. The 8-year survival was 65.5%, the overall 8-year aortic event free survival was 72.8%, and the 8-year event free survival on the site of the stent graft was 94.8%. A follow-up computed tomographic image was available for 86.2% (50/58) of @entity1 who survived longer than 6 months. The size of the @entity439 increased in 1 (2.0%) @entity1 , was not changed in 6 (12.0%) @entity1 , shrank in 34 (68.0%) @entity1 , and was obliterated in 9 (18.0%) @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The frozen @entity7105 trunk for extensive @entity449 had long-term durability and efficacy and might become the alternative treatment for extended aortic replacement.

title: Long-term results of the frozen XXXX trunk technique for the extensive @entity439 .

answer: @entity7105 :: (9783,Species) :: ['elephant']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We report on a @entity1 who presented with complete @entity4610 as a first symptom of fatal @entity3 . CASE REPORT: We present the clinical course of an immunocompromised 68-year-old @entity1 with unclear painless @entity1018 , @entity1736 and @entity4610 of the right eye lasting for 10 days which was referred from an ophthalmological outpatient clinic. He had a history of kidney transplantation after @entity177 , @entity6 II, and @entity301 . He was on immunosuppressive therapy with @entity1140 , @entity6051 and @entity617 since renal transplantation. The initial cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was unremarkable. The additional thin section computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses was suspicious for @entity79 of the superior wall of the right sphenoidal sinus. Initial laboratory testing and cerebrospinal fluid were without pathological findings. When the @entity1 showed signs of generalised @entity295 he was transferred to the intensive care unit. Due to fulminant @entity295 it was not possible to perform the planned biopsy. The @entity1 died a few days later of @entity1576 . The consecutive autopsy revealed @entity3 of paranasal sinuses with infiltration into the orbita and intracranial spreading into sinus cavernous. Autopsy also showed @entity55 . DISCUSSION: @entity3 of the paranasal sinuses and the skull base is most often a lethal condition in immunocompromised @entity1 . Therefore, rapid diagnostics applying radiological (CT and MRI) and surgical procedures (biopsy) and immediate ignition of antimycotic treatment can be life-saving.

title: XXXX presenting with a painless complete @entity4610 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['loss of vision']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['aspergillus pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone erosion']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['cardio-respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive aspergillosis', 'Invasive aspergillosis']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity6051 :: ('CHEBI:168396', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Invasive aspergillosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We report on a @entity1 who presented with complete @entity4610 as a first symptom of fatal @entity3 . CASE REPORT: We present the clinical course of an immunocompromised 68-year-old @entity1 with unclear painless @entity1018 , @entity1736 and @entity4610 of the right eye lasting for 10 days which was referred from an ophthalmological outpatient clinic. He had a history of kidney transplantation after @entity177 , @entity6 II, and @entity301 . He was on immunosuppressive therapy with @entity1140 , @entity6051 and @entity617 since renal transplantation. The initial cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was unremarkable. The additional thin section computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses was suspicious for @entity79 of the superior wall of the right sphenoidal sinus. Initial laboratory testing and cerebrospinal fluid were without pathological findings. When the @entity1 showed signs of generalised @entity295 he was transferred to the intensive care unit. Due to fulminant @entity295 it was not possible to perform the planned biopsy. The @entity1 died a few days later of @entity1576 . The consecutive autopsy revealed @entity3 of paranasal sinuses with infiltration into the orbita and intracranial spreading into sinus cavernous. Autopsy also showed @entity55 . DISCUSSION: @entity3 of the paranasal sinuses and the skull base is most often a lethal condition in immunocompromised @entity1 . Therefore, rapid diagnostics applying radiological (CT and MRI) and surgical procedures (biopsy) and immediate ignition of antimycotic treatment can be life-saving.

title: @entity3 presenting with a painless complete XXXX .

answer: @entity4610 :: (MESH:D009886,Disease) :: ['ophthalmoplegia']