abstract: The characteristics of @entity791 in Africa differ sharply from those in North America with respect to diagnosis and epidemiology, and in a clinical sense. The study of 78 @entity1 treated in Kinshasa, Zaire during the period of October 1983-July 1984 yielded the following results: 159 out of a total of 1051 hospitalized @entity1 were suspected of having @entity791 , and there were 78 proven cases (54 of them died). The average age of 40 @entity1 and 38 @entity1 was 27 and 31 years, respectively, and the ratio of married @entity1 was 35% and 74%, respectively, with a lot of @entity1 living in polygamous relationships. In the first stage of the disease weight loss appeared in 100%, recurrent @entity294 in 83.3%, significant loss of strength in 75.6%, febrile conditions in 68.3%, and @entity272 in 58.9%. The ratio of @entity1 to @entity1 was 5:5, since heterosexuality and polygamy prevailed. Cigarette smoking was the main addition, thus drug addition per se did not appear as a risk factor. Blood transfusions occurred frequently (for instance, in @entity311 ), but hemophilic @entity1 receiving lyophilized preparations were rare. Haitians visited in fairly large numbers after the 1960's propagating the risk of @entity791 . Black Africans accounted for 100% of cases. The number of concomitant, opportunistic diseases in @entity791 @entity1 in Zaire were: 34 cases of @entity378 , 32 cases of @entity7553 , 30 @entity364 , 21 @entity3305 and/or genitalis, 19 cases of dermal and @entity1330 , 12 cases of @entity11447 , 9 cases of @entity2826 , 5 cases of @entity4091 , 3 cases of @entity281 , 3 cases of @entity7843 , 2 cases of @entity3252 , and 1 case of @entity55 ( @entity19141 ). @entity378 , @entity1328 , @entity11447 , and @entity8956 were more frequent opportunistic diseases in Zaire than in the U.S.A., while @entity55 caused by @entity19141 and @entity2826 were relatively rare.

title: [Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( XXXX ) in the African environment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity11447 :: ('MESH:D003457', 'Disease') :: ['cryptosporidiosis']

entities_list: @entity1328 :: ('MESH:D003453', 'Disease') :: ['cryptococcosis']

entities_list: @entity8956 :: ('MESH:C565846', 'Disease') :: ['toxicosis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1330 :: ('MESH:D016919', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral cryptococcosis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity7843 :: ('MESH:D003048', 'Disease') :: ['coccidiosis']

entities_list: @entity4091 :: ('MESH:D006562', 'Disease') :: ['Herpes zoster']

entities_list: @entity7553 :: ('MESH:D002177', 'Disease') :: ['candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity3305 :: ('MESH:D006560', 'Disease') :: ['Herpes labialis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic cerebral infections']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity19141 :: ('MESH:D016720', 'Disease') :: ['Pneumocystis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity3252 :: ('MESH:D014123', 'Disease') :: ['toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis', 'tuberculosis']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity72044 ( @entity72044 ) are among major causes of mortality in @entity1 with @entity1583 . @entity325 develop either during the empirical antibiotic therapy or one week after cessation of therapy for a FNE. The aim of the study was to investigate the risk factors associated with secondary infections in febrile neutropenic @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 750 @entity72044 in 473 @entity1 between January 2000 and December 2006. RESULTS: @entity325 were diagnosed in 152 (20%) of 750 @entity72044 . The median time to develop secondary infection was 10 days (range 2-34 days). The duration of @entity1398 over 10 days significantly increased the risk of secondary infections (p<0.001). The proportion of @entity1 with microbiologically documented infections was found to be higher in primary infections (271/750, 36%) compared to secondary infections (43/152, 28%) (p=0.038). Age, sex, underlying disease, antibacterial, antifungal or antiviral prophylaxis, blood transfusion or bone marrow transplantation, central venous catheter or severity of @entity1398 did not differ significantly between primary and secondary infections (p>0.05) While fever of unknown origin (FUO) (p=0.005) and catheter-related @entity2259 (p<0.001) were less frequently observed in secondary infections, the frequency of microbiologically (p=0.003) and clinically (p<0.001) documented infections, @entity364 (p<0.001), infections related with gram positive bacteria (p=0.04) and fungi (p<0.001) and 30-day mortality rate (p<0.001) were significantly higher in secondary infections (p<0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: @entity325 should be regarded as life-threatening complications of @entity1398 . @entity325 represent a more severe and mortal complication and cannot be regarded just as another febrile neutropenic episode.

title: Secondary Infections in XXXX in @entity1583 : More Than Another Febrile Neutropenic Episode.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal pneumonias']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['Secondary infections']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematological malignancies']

entities_list: @entity72044 :: ('MESH:D064147', 'Disease') :: ['FNEs', 'Febrile neutropenic episodes']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity1398 :: (MESH:D009503,Disease) :: ['Febrile Neutropenia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity72044 ( @entity72044 ) are among major causes of mortality in @entity1 with @entity1583 . @entity325 develop either during the empirical antibiotic therapy or one week after cessation of therapy for a FNE. The aim of the study was to investigate the risk factors associated with secondary infections in febrile neutropenic @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 750 @entity72044 in 473 @entity1 between January 2000 and December 2006. RESULTS: @entity325 were diagnosed in 152 (20%) of 750 @entity72044 . The median time to develop secondary infection was 10 days (range 2-34 days). The duration of @entity1398 over 10 days significantly increased the risk of secondary infections (p<0.001). The proportion of @entity1 with microbiologically documented infections was found to be higher in primary infections (271/750, 36%) compared to secondary infections (43/152, 28%) (p=0.038). Age, sex, underlying disease, antibacterial, antifungal or antiviral prophylaxis, blood transfusion or bone marrow transplantation, central venous catheter or severity of @entity1398 did not differ significantly between primary and secondary infections (p>0.05) While fever of unknown origin (FUO) (p=0.005) and catheter-related @entity2259 (p<0.001) were less frequently observed in secondary infections, the frequency of microbiologically (p=0.003) and clinically (p<0.001) documented infections, @entity364 (p<0.001), infections related with gram positive bacteria (p=0.04) and fungi (p<0.001) and 30-day mortality rate (p<0.001) were significantly higher in secondary infections (p<0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: @entity325 should be regarded as life-threatening complications of @entity1398 . @entity325 represent a more severe and mortal complication and cannot be regarded just as another febrile neutropenic episode.

title: Secondary Infections in @entity1398 in XXXX : More Than Another Febrile Neutropenic Episode.

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['Hematological Malignancies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Investigate the impact of socioeconomic status and other demographic variables on adherence to the National @entity43 treatment guidelines among @entity1 with stage I/II disease. METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed with @entity43 between 1/1/96-12/31/06 were identified from the California @entity5 Registry. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate differences in surgical procedures, chemotherapy regimens, and overall adherence to the NCCN guidelines according to increasing SES quintiles ( @entity16420 to SES-5). RESULTS: A total of 5445 stage I and II @entity1 were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 54.0years (range=18-99years); 72.5% of @entity1 had stage I disease, while 27.5% had @entity34 . With a median follow-up time of 5years, the 5-year @entity43 -specific survival for all @entity1 was 82.7% (SE=0.6%). Overall, 23.7% of @entity1 received care that was adherent to the NCCN guidelines. Compared to @entity1 in the highest SES quintile (SES-5), @entity1 in the lowest SES quintile ( @entity16420 ) were significantly less likely to receive proper surgery (27.3% vs 47.9%, p<0.001) or chemotherapy (42.4% vs 53.6%, p<0.001). There were statistically significant trends between increasing SES and the likelihood of overall treatment plan adherence to the NCCN guidelines: @entity16420 =16.4%, @entity31985 =19.0%, @entity31986 =22.4%, SES-4=24.2% and SES-5=31.6% (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that compared to SES-5, decreasing SES was independently predictive of a higher risk of non-standard overall care. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1 with @entity43 , low SES is a significant and independent predictor of deviation from the NCCN guidelines for surgery, chemotherapy, and overall treatment.

title: Socioeconomic status as a predictor of adherence to treatment guidelines for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'stage I/II epithelial ovarian cancer', 'Comprehensive Cancer Network ovarian cancer', 'early-stage ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage II disease']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['early-stage ovarian cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 embryonic stem cells (hESCs) exhibiting skewed X chromosome inactivation (XCI) have been reported. The copy number variations (CNVs), loss of heterozygosity (LOH), or single- @entity4334 variant (SNV) events in those epigenetically distinct cells remain unknown, and whether such genetic abnormalities will influence the XCI status of hESCs is unclear. In this study, three hESCs with skewed XCI, three with random XCI, and two male hESC lines at different passages were analyzed for CNVs and LOH levels using a high-resolution genotyping microarray. Whole-exome sequencing was used to investigate the potentially damaging SNVs. On average, 17.6 CNVs and 5.3 cases of LOH were identified in the skewed hESCs, which were similar to the rates observed in random hESCs. Five recurrent @entity471 regions were uniquely identified in the skewed hESCs, but all of them were considered polymorphisms. With the exception of a nongenic @entity471 , no additional CNVs were detected on the X chromosome in the skewed hESCs. Although the XCI status in two hESC lines was observed to be changed from random to skewed, no significant @entity471 difference was identified before and after the XCI change. SNV analysis indicated that normal alleles are maintained for most genes within copy-neutral LOH regions. Three types of expression patterns were observed in heterozygous alleles, and the damaging SNVs in skewed hESCs favored the expression of the wild-type alleles. In conclusion, in the present study, we did not find genetic differences in the @entity471 and LOH levels between hESCs with and without skewed XCI. Wild-type allele expression in the presence of damaging SNVs on the X chromosome in skewed hESCs might alleviate adverse effects in those hESCs.

title: Genetic Evaluation of Copy Number Variations, Loss of Heterozygosity, and Single-Nucleotide Variant Levels in XXXX Embryonic Stem Cells With or Without Skewed X Chromosome Inactivation.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: Central @entity4681 have been reported on the hemiplegic side only. In a study on supratentorial @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ), we found @entity713 ( @entity713 ) prolongation on the non-hemiplegic side in 12 @entity1 . This study reports the prognostic significance of @entity713 prolongation on the non-hemiplegic side. CT scans were reviewed and @entity713 was measured at the 2nd, 4th and 12th week. Recovery was defined on the basis of the 3 months' Barthel index score. Their mean age was 52 (range 25-60) years, 6 were males. Eight had putaminal, 3 thalamic and 1 frontal hematomata. The size of the @entity1410 was large in 5 and moderate in 7. The clinical signs of @entity3976 were present in 5; radiological evidence of midline shift in 10 and tentorial @entity3976 in 6 @entity1 was also present. There was no other @entity854 to account for the prolongation of @entity713 on the non-hemiplegic side which returned to normal in all 5 @entity1 after a mean duration of 34 (range 11-120) days. Five of these @entity1 died and the remaining had a poor outcome. We conclude that @entity713 prolongation on the non-hemiplegic side in supratentorial @entity1410 suggests a poor prognosis.

title: Prognostic significance of central motor conduction on the non-hemiplegic side in supratentorial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3976 :: ('MESH:D004677', 'Disease') :: ['herniation']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['CMCT', 'central motor conduction time']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['motor conduction abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['CT abnormality']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematoma']


abstract: @entity2100 is the most common form of @entity1032 , and is caused by defects in the @entity10308 gene. @entity10308 is an RNA-binding protein and the syndrome results from lack of expression of @entity10308 or expression of a mutant protein that is impaired in RNA binding. The specific function of @entity10308 is not known. As a step towards understanding the function of @entity10308 we searched for proteins that interact with it in vivo. We have cloned and sequenced a protein that interacts tightly with @entity10308 in vivo and in vitro. This novel protein, @entity72045 , is very similar to @entity10308 (60% identity). @entity72045 encodes a 74 kDa protein which, like @entity10308 , contains two KH domains, has the capacity to bind RNA and is localized to the cytoplasm. The @entity72045 gene is located on @entity1 chromosome 17 at 17p13.1. In addition, @entity10308 and @entity72045 interact tightly with the recently described autosomal homolog @entity38038 . Each of these three proteins is capable of forming heteromers with the others, and each can also form homomers. @entity38038 and @entity72045 are thus likely to play important roles in the function of @entity10308 and in the pathogenesis of the @entity2100 .

title: The XXXX protein interacts with novel homologs @entity38038 and @entity72045 .

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['Fragile X Mental Retardation Syndrome']

answer: @entity2100 :: (MESH:D005600,Disease) :: ['fragile X mental retardation syndrome']


abstract: @entity2100 is the most common form of @entity1032 , and is caused by defects in the @entity10308 gene. @entity10308 is an RNA-binding protein and the syndrome results from lack of expression of @entity10308 or expression of a mutant protein that is impaired in RNA binding. The specific function of @entity10308 is not known. As a step towards understanding the function of @entity10308 we searched for proteins that interact with it in vivo. We have cloned and sequenced a protein that interacts tightly with @entity10308 in vivo and in vitro. This novel protein, @entity72045 , is very similar to @entity10308 (60% identity). @entity72045 encodes a 74 kDa protein which, like @entity10308 , contains two KH domains, has the capacity to bind RNA and is localized to the cytoplasm. The @entity72045 gene is located on @entity1 chromosome 17 at 17p13.1. In addition, @entity10308 and @entity72045 interact tightly with the recently described autosomal homolog @entity38038 . Each of these three proteins is capable of forming heteromers with the others, and each can also form homomers. @entity38038 and @entity72045 are thus likely to play important roles in the function of @entity10308 and in the pathogenesis of the @entity2100 .

title: The @entity2100 protein interacts with novel homologs XXXX and @entity72045 .

answer: @entity38038 :: (8087,Gene) :: ['FXR1']


abstract: @entity2100 is the most common form of @entity1032 , and is caused by defects in the @entity10308 gene. @entity10308 is an RNA-binding protein and the syndrome results from lack of expression of @entity10308 or expression of a mutant protein that is impaired in RNA binding. The specific function of @entity10308 is not known. As a step towards understanding the function of @entity10308 we searched for proteins that interact with it in vivo. We have cloned and sequenced a protein that interacts tightly with @entity10308 in vivo and in vitro. This novel protein, @entity72045 , is very similar to @entity10308 (60% identity). @entity72045 encodes a 74 kDa protein which, like @entity10308 , contains two KH domains, has the capacity to bind RNA and is localized to the cytoplasm. The @entity72045 gene is located on @entity1 chromosome 17 at 17p13.1. In addition, @entity10308 and @entity72045 interact tightly with the recently described autosomal homolog @entity38038 . Each of these three proteins is capable of forming heteromers with the others, and each can also form homomers. @entity38038 and @entity72045 are thus likely to play important roles in the function of @entity10308 and in the pathogenesis of the @entity2100 .

title: The @entity2100 protein interacts with novel homologs @entity38038 and XXXX .

answer: @entity72045 :: (9513,Gene) :: ['FXR2']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between @entity167 consumption and occurrence of @entity3657 in the general population. During 1988 in a cross sectional survey, the Edinburgh Artery Study, 1,592 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 55-74 years were selected at random from the age-sex registers of ten general practices distributed geographically and socio-economically across the city. @entity1 were asked to recall the number of units of wine, beer and spirits consumed in the previous week and whether or not this was typical. @entity3657 was measured using the ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI). @entity1 and @entity1 were analysed separately because of large differences in @entity167 consumption. There was no association between ABPI and @entity167 consumption in @entity1 but, in @entity1 , increasing @entity167 consumption was associated with a higher ABPI (test for trend, p = 0.03) indicating less severe disease. This relationship was linear rather than U-shaped. In multiple regression analysis, after age-adjustment the ABPI was related to wine consumption but not beer or spirits in @entity1 (p < or = 0.01). On adjusting for age and cumulative lifetime cigarette smoking, the association of wine consumption with the ABPI was diminished but remained statistically significant (p < 0.05). On adjusting for age and social class, the relationship of total @entity167 intake and wine consumption with the ABPI became non significant (p > 0.05). We conclude that in males, greater @entity167 consumption is related to a higher ABPI and that any protective 'effect' of @entity167 relates to wine consumption rather than beer or spirits.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX intake as a risk factor for @entity3657 in the general population in the Edinburgh Artery Study.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['Peripheral arterial disease', 'peripheral arterial disease']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['Alcohol']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between @entity167 consumption and occurrence of @entity3657 in the general population. During 1988 in a cross sectional survey, the Edinburgh Artery Study, 1,592 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 55-74 years were selected at random from the age-sex registers of ten general practices distributed geographically and socio-economically across the city. @entity1 were asked to recall the number of units of wine, beer and spirits consumed in the previous week and whether or not this was typical. @entity3657 was measured using the ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI). @entity1 and @entity1 were analysed separately because of large differences in @entity167 consumption. There was no association between ABPI and @entity167 consumption in @entity1 but, in @entity1 , increasing @entity167 consumption was associated with a higher ABPI (test for trend, p = 0.03) indicating less severe disease. This relationship was linear rather than U-shaped. In multiple regression analysis, after age-adjustment the ABPI was related to wine consumption but not beer or spirits in @entity1 (p < or = 0.01). On adjusting for age and cumulative lifetime cigarette smoking, the association of wine consumption with the ABPI was diminished but remained statistically significant (p < 0.05). On adjusting for age and social class, the relationship of total @entity167 intake and wine consumption with the ABPI became non significant (p > 0.05). We conclude that in males, greater @entity167 consumption is related to a higher ABPI and that any protective 'effect' of @entity167 relates to wine consumption rather than beer or spirits.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity167 intake as a risk factor for XXXX in the general population in the Edinburgh Artery Study.

answer: @entity3657 :: (MESH:D058729,Disease) :: ['peripheral arterial disease']


abstract: Fat @entity887 (FES) is a serious clinical disorder occurring in @entity130 @entity1 . The diagnosis of @entity7123 may be difficult to establish clinically. We therefore wanted to investigate the usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the diagnostic evaluation of @entity7123 . We analysed the presence of fat droplets in BAL cells in 32 @entity130 @entity1 (7 with full diagnostic criteria of @entity7123 , 17 with incomplete diagnostic criteria, and 8 with no diagnostic criteria at the time of bronchoscopy), 9 nontrauma @entity1 with @entity1576 and @entity358 , and a control group composed of 10 individuals. An increased percentage of oil red O positive alveolar macrophages (cut-off point > 3%) in BAL was found in 6 out of 7 @entity1 with definite clinical criteria of @entity7123 , and in 6 out of 20 @entity130 @entity1 without the clinical diagnosis of @entity7123 . In two @entity1 with @entity7123 , sequential BAL showed that the percentage of positive macrophages decreased when the clinical @entity10631 disappeared. An increased number of BAL macrophages with fat droplets was also observed in two @entity130 @entity1 without evidence of @entity7123 after long-bone surgical intervention. By contrast, all non- @entity130 @entity1 had a percentage of positive cells lower than 3%. Our findings suggest that BAL oil red O positive macrophages are frequently observed in @entity130 @entity1 irrespective of the presence of @entity7123 . Conceivably, a high number of oil red O positive macrophages could reflect clinically silent fat embolization.

title: Role of bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10631 :: ('MESH:D020879', 'Disease') :: ['manifestations']

entities_list: @entity7123 :: ('MESH:D004620', 'Disease') :: ['fat embolism syndrome']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism syndrome']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['radiographic pulmonary infiltrates']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['acute respiratory failure']

answer: @entity7123 :: (MESH:D004620,Disease) :: ['fat embolism syndrome']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) has the highest mortality rates of all subtypes. @entity5948 and @entity3907 regimens yield unsatisfactorily low rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) and are often not feasible in cardiac comorbidity. This study seeks to increase pCR and survival by introducing platin agents. @entity1 AND METHODS: In this multicentric, open-label study with six cycles of @entity1205 (75mg/m(2)) and @entity3003 AUC 6 q3w, @entity1 were unwilling or unsuitable for @entity5948 -based regimens. Primary endpoint was pCR (ypT0/ypTis ypN0) and survival. RESULTS: pCR rate was 50%. After 2 and 5years, overall survival (OS) was 96.7 and 89.7%, disease-free-survival (DFS) 96.7 and 85.7%, DDFS 96.7 and 89.6%. Grade 3/4 @entity137 were rare. Ninety-three per cent of @entity1 completed six cycles. No @entity137 -related treatment discontinuation or febrile neutropaenia was recorded. CONCLUSION: This regimen is highly effective and feasible in @entity0 and may be combined with @entity8253 .

title: Neoadjuvant, XXXX -free chemotherapy with @entity3003 and @entity1205 in triple-negative, @entity0 : a multicentric analysis of rates of pathologic complete response and survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['TNBC', 'Triple-negative breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['Anthracycline', 'anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity5948 :: (D018943,Chemical) :: ['anthracycline']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) has the highest mortality rates of all subtypes. @entity5948 and @entity3907 regimens yield unsatisfactorily low rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) and are often not feasible in cardiac comorbidity. This study seeks to increase pCR and survival by introducing platin agents. @entity1 AND METHODS: In this multicentric, open-label study with six cycles of @entity1205 (75mg/m(2)) and @entity3003 AUC 6 q3w, @entity1 were unwilling or unsuitable for @entity5948 -based regimens. Primary endpoint was pCR (ypT0/ypTis ypN0) and survival. RESULTS: pCR rate was 50%. After 2 and 5years, overall survival (OS) was 96.7 and 89.7%, disease-free-survival (DFS) 96.7 and 85.7%, DDFS 96.7 and 89.6%. Grade 3/4 @entity137 were rare. Ninety-three per cent of @entity1 completed six cycles. No @entity137 -related treatment discontinuation or febrile neutropaenia was recorded. CONCLUSION: This regimen is highly effective and feasible in @entity0 and may be combined with @entity8253 .

title: Neoadjuvant, @entity5948 -free chemotherapy with @entity3003 and @entity1205 in triple-negative, XXXX : a multicentric analysis of rates of pathologic complete response and survival.

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['early-stage breast cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) has the highest mortality rates of all subtypes. @entity5948 and @entity3907 regimens yield unsatisfactorily low rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) and are often not feasible in cardiac comorbidity. This study seeks to increase pCR and survival by introducing platin agents. @entity1 AND METHODS: In this multicentric, open-label study with six cycles of @entity1205 (75mg/m(2)) and @entity3003 AUC 6 q3w, @entity1 were unwilling or unsuitable for @entity5948 -based regimens. Primary endpoint was pCR (ypT0/ypTis ypN0) and survival. RESULTS: pCR rate was 50%. After 2 and 5years, overall survival (OS) was 96.7 and 89.7%, disease-free-survival (DFS) 96.7 and 85.7%, DDFS 96.7 and 89.6%. Grade 3/4 @entity137 were rare. Ninety-three per cent of @entity1 completed six cycles. No @entity137 -related treatment discontinuation or febrile neutropaenia was recorded. CONCLUSION: This regimen is highly effective and feasible in @entity0 and may be combined with @entity8253 .

title: Neoadjuvant, @entity5948 -free chemotherapy with XXXX and @entity1205 in triple-negative, @entity0 : a multicentric analysis of rates of pathologic complete response and survival.

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) has the highest mortality rates of all subtypes. @entity5948 and @entity3907 regimens yield unsatisfactorily low rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) and are often not feasible in cardiac comorbidity. This study seeks to increase pCR and survival by introducing platin agents. @entity1 AND METHODS: In this multicentric, open-label study with six cycles of @entity1205 (75mg/m(2)) and @entity3003 AUC 6 q3w, @entity1 were unwilling or unsuitable for @entity5948 -based regimens. Primary endpoint was pCR (ypT0/ypTis ypN0) and survival. RESULTS: pCR rate was 50%. After 2 and 5years, overall survival (OS) was 96.7 and 89.7%, disease-free-survival (DFS) 96.7 and 85.7%, DDFS 96.7 and 89.6%. Grade 3/4 @entity137 were rare. Ninety-three per cent of @entity1 completed six cycles. No @entity137 -related treatment discontinuation or febrile neutropaenia was recorded. CONCLUSION: This regimen is highly effective and feasible in @entity0 and may be combined with @entity8253 .

title: Neoadjuvant, @entity5948 -free chemotherapy with @entity3003 and XXXX in triple-negative, @entity0 : a multicentric analysis of rates of pathologic complete response and survival.

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Glandular lesions of the urinary bladder include a broad spectrum of entities ranging from completely benign to primary and secondary @entity5 . The accurate diagnosis of these lesions is both important and challenging. Recently, studies suggest that @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) promoter mutations could be a biomarker for @entity189 ( @entity189 ). We hypothesized that these mutations can distinguish @entity189 with glandular differentiation from @entity652 , primary @entity1494 (PAUB), or secondary @entity5 . Twenty-five cases of @entity75 (including @entity652 ); 29 cases of @entity189 with glandular differentiation; 10 cases of PAUB; and 10 cases each of metastatic @entity694 , @entity263 , and @entity189 from Mullerian origin were collected. Slides were reviewed and selected to make sure the lesion was at least 10% to 20% of all tissue. Macrodissection was performed in some of cases, and genomic DNA was extracted from the tissue. @entity2215 promoter mutations were determined by standard polymerase chain reaction sequencing. Twenty-one cases (72%) of @entity189 with glandular differentiation were positive for @entity2215 promoter mutations. However, none of the remaining cases (total 65 cases of benign lesions, PAUB, and @entity189 ) was positive for @entity2215 promoter mutation. @entity2215 promoter mutations were highly associated with @entity189 including @entity189 with glandular differentiation but not other glandular lesions of bladder. Therefore, in conjunction with morphologic features, Immunohistochemistry stain profile, and clinical information, @entity2215 promoter mutations could distinguish @entity189 with glandular differentiation from other @entity1494 . In addition, lack of @entity2215 promoter mutations in primary @entity1494 suggests that this entity may have different origin or carcinogenesis from those of @entity189 .

title: XXXX promoter mutations in glandular lesions of the urinary bladder.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of bladder', 'adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder', 'bladder glandular lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['benign glandular lesions']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma', 'carcinoma', 'UC', 'metastatic carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['nephrogenic adenoma']

entities_list: @entity2215 :: ('7015', 'Gene') :: ['TERT', 'telomerase reverse transcriptase', 'Telomerase reverse transcriptase']

answer: @entity2215 :: (7015,Gene) :: ['Telomerase reverse transcriptase']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Food @entity566 prevalence has increased during the last years, affecting 15-20% of @entity1 , in this case, egg @entity566 affects from 0.5-2.5%. Most of the egg allergic reactions are type I or IgE mediated antibodies against egg proteins. Five major proteins have been identified: ovomucoid (Gal d1), ovoalbumin (Gal d2), ovotransferrin (Gal d3), lysozyme ( @entity2313 ). Ovomucoid protein, which is found in the egg white, is heat resistant and enzyme resistant. This protein is the most allergenic and the most common in egg composition. Clinical diagnosis requires a detailed questionnaire. Skin prick test or Ige specific diagnosis are made as first choice. Skin prick tests are quick and useful to determine the presence of IgE specific antibodies to egg. Specific IgE for egg can be measured using standarized IgE studies in vitro, making a quantitative measure. Traditionally with the clinical history a diagnosis can be made. Standarized oral double blinded-placebo controlled challenge continues to be the gold standard for food @entity566 diagnosis. The identification and elimination of egg proteins from the diet is the primary treatment and the only one validated to this food, but there are more studies needed to stablish protocols for each specific egg allergen before the oral inmunotherapy becomes a routine practice.

title: [Allergy to egg proteins in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2313 :: ('213', 'Gene') :: ['Gal d4) and albumin (Gal d5']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity715 are a group of prevalent and life-threatening diseases. Selective inhibition of pathological @entity715 holds the key to treat variety of @entity715 . The pathological @entity715 can be induced by either tissue @entity39 and deregulated @entity32 . @entity518 , as an important proinflammatory cytokine and a late mediator, also involves on @entity715 disease. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. METHODS: Immunofluorescence, ELISA assay, Platelet Aggregation, Thromboelastogram (TEG) analyzes. Flow cytometric analysis and Western blot analysis were used to investigated the role of @entity518 in @entity1423 and obtained following observations. RESULTS: By doing so, we obtained the following observations: i) Highly purified @entity518 recombinant protein induces @entity1423 and secretion in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of serum. ii) Low concentration of extracellular @entity518 could synergistically promote subthreshold concentration of collagen or @entity556 induced @entity1423 . iii) Extracellular @entity518 promoted @entity1423 in a platelet-expressed @entity1427 /IIIa-dependent manner. iv) We proposed that extracellular @entity518 seems to promote the phosphorylation of @entity1427 /IIIa and subsequent @entity1423 via @entity2939 /NF-kB and @entity6708 pathway. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we provide evidence for the hypothesis that @entity518 interact with platelet might play an important role in the haemostasis and @entity715 . Our research might be provide an interesting avenue for the treatment of @entity715 in the future.

title: @entity518 : a novel protein that induced platelets active and aggregation via @entity2939 , NF-kB and XXXX dependent mechanisms.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombotic diseases', 'thrombotic diseases', 'thrombosis']

answer: @entity6708 :: (CHEBI:16356,Chemical) :: ['cGMP']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity715 are a group of prevalent and life-threatening diseases. Selective inhibition of pathological @entity715 holds the key to treat variety of @entity715 . The pathological @entity715 can be induced by either tissue @entity39 and deregulated @entity32 . @entity518 , as an important proinflammatory cytokine and a late mediator, also involves on @entity715 disease. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. METHODS: Immunofluorescence, ELISA assay, Platelet Aggregation, Thromboelastogram (TEG) analyzes. Flow cytometric analysis and Western blot analysis were used to investigated the role of @entity518 in @entity1423 and obtained following observations. RESULTS: By doing so, we obtained the following observations: i) Highly purified @entity518 recombinant protein induces @entity1423 and secretion in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of serum. ii) Low concentration of extracellular @entity518 could synergistically promote subthreshold concentration of collagen or @entity556 induced @entity1423 . iii) Extracellular @entity518 promoted @entity1423 in a platelet-expressed @entity1427 /IIIa-dependent manner. iv) We proposed that extracellular @entity518 seems to promote the phosphorylation of @entity1427 /IIIa and subsequent @entity1423 via @entity2939 /NF-kB and @entity6708 pathway. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we provide evidence for the hypothesis that @entity518 interact with platelet might play an important role in the haemostasis and @entity715 . Our research might be provide an interesting avenue for the treatment of @entity715 in the future.

title: @entity518 : a novel protein that induced platelets active and aggregation via XXXX , NF-kB and @entity6708 dependent mechanisms.

answer: @entity2939 :: (7099,Gene) :: ['Toll-like receptor-4']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity715 are a group of prevalent and life-threatening diseases. Selective inhibition of pathological @entity715 holds the key to treat variety of @entity715 . The pathological @entity715 can be induced by either tissue @entity39 and deregulated @entity32 . @entity518 , as an important proinflammatory cytokine and a late mediator, also involves on @entity715 disease. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. METHODS: Immunofluorescence, ELISA assay, Platelet Aggregation, Thromboelastogram (TEG) analyzes. Flow cytometric analysis and Western blot analysis were used to investigated the role of @entity518 in @entity1423 and obtained following observations. RESULTS: By doing so, we obtained the following observations: i) Highly purified @entity518 recombinant protein induces @entity1423 and secretion in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of serum. ii) Low concentration of extracellular @entity518 could synergistically promote subthreshold concentration of collagen or @entity556 induced @entity1423 . iii) Extracellular @entity518 promoted @entity1423 in a platelet-expressed @entity1427 /IIIa-dependent manner. iv) We proposed that extracellular @entity518 seems to promote the phosphorylation of @entity1427 /IIIa and subsequent @entity1423 via @entity2939 /NF-kB and @entity6708 pathway. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we provide evidence for the hypothesis that @entity518 interact with platelet might play an important role in the haemostasis and @entity715 . Our research might be provide an interesting avenue for the treatment of @entity715 in the future.

title: XXXX : a novel protein that induced platelets active and aggregation via @entity2939 , NF-kB and @entity6708 dependent mechanisms.

answer: @entity518 :: (3146,Gene) :: ['HMGB1']


abstract: The morphological consequences of @entity5995 @entity528 are well documented. Much less is known about changes in visual function during degeneration and whether central @entity227 directly reflect changes in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function. To address this, we compared changes in visual function of RGCs and cells in the superior colliculus (SC) in transgenic (Tg) @entity41812 -1 @entity35 , a model of @entity6391 ( @entity6391 ), and @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity35 at postnatal days 35-50 (P35-50) and P300. RGCs were classified on the basis of their responses to light: onset (ON), offset (OFF), or both (ON-OFF). The distribution of ON, OFF, and ON-OFF RGCs is similar between @entity164 and P35 Tg @entity41812 -1 @entity35 . By P300, many Tg @entity41812 -1 RGCs are nonresponsive (NR). At this age, there is a sharp decline in ON and ON-OFF RGCs, and the majority that remain are OFF RGCs. Spontaneous rhythmic activity was observed in many RGCs at P300, but only in OFF or NR RGCs. In the SC, @entity164 and P50 Tg @entity41812 -1 responses are similar. At P300, Tg @entity41812 -1 ON SC responses declined but OFF responses increased. We examined postsynaptic @entity3264 receptor expression located on the bipolar cells (BC), where the ON and OFF pathways arise. At @entity20256 , metabotropic @entity3264 receptor 6 ( @entity10880 ) expression is lower than in @entity164 , consistent with a decrease in ON RGC responses. @entity18857 expression, an ionotropic @entity3264 receptor associated with OFF BCs, appears similar to that in @entity164 . The loss of ON responses in Tg @entity41812 -1 RGCs and in the SC is conserved and related to reduced @entity10880 signaling.

title: Functional changes in Tg XXXX -1 @entity35 retinal responses: differences between ON and OFF pathway transmission to the superior colliculus.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual structures']

entities_list: @entity41812 :: ('p|SUB|P|23|H', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['P23H']

entities_list: @entity6391 :: ('MESH:D012174', 'Disease') :: ['retinitis pigmentosa', 'RP']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['photoreceptor degeneration']

answer: @entity41812 :: (p|SUB|P|23|H,ProteinMutation) :: ['P23H']


abstract: The morphological consequences of @entity5995 @entity528 are well documented. Much less is known about changes in visual function during degeneration and whether central @entity227 directly reflect changes in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function. To address this, we compared changes in visual function of RGCs and cells in the superior colliculus (SC) in transgenic (Tg) @entity41812 -1 @entity35 , a model of @entity6391 ( @entity6391 ), and @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity35 at postnatal days 35-50 (P35-50) and P300. RGCs were classified on the basis of their responses to light: onset (ON), offset (OFF), or both (ON-OFF). The distribution of ON, OFF, and ON-OFF RGCs is similar between @entity164 and P35 Tg @entity41812 -1 @entity35 . By P300, many Tg @entity41812 -1 RGCs are nonresponsive (NR). At this age, there is a sharp decline in ON and ON-OFF RGCs, and the majority that remain are OFF RGCs. Spontaneous rhythmic activity was observed in many RGCs at P300, but only in OFF or NR RGCs. In the SC, @entity164 and P50 Tg @entity41812 -1 responses are similar. At P300, Tg @entity41812 -1 ON SC responses declined but OFF responses increased. We examined postsynaptic @entity3264 receptor expression located on the bipolar cells (BC), where the ON and OFF pathways arise. At @entity20256 , metabotropic @entity3264 receptor 6 ( @entity10880 ) expression is lower than in @entity164 , consistent with a decrease in ON RGC responses. @entity18857 expression, an ionotropic @entity3264 receptor associated with OFF BCs, appears similar to that in @entity164 . The loss of ON responses in Tg @entity41812 -1 RGCs and in the SC is conserved and related to reduced @entity10880 signaling.

title: Functional changes in Tg @entity41812 -1 XXXX retinal responses: differences between ON and OFF pathway transmission to the superior colliculus.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIM: The present study aimed: (1) to evaluate the proportion of each @entity6 ( @entity6 ) risk category, according to the International Working Group on the @entity6 (IWGDF) consensus, in @entity1 attending the @entity6 clinic in Selebi Phikwe Government Hospital (SPGH) and (2) to examine some of the factors that may be associated with the progression to higher risk categories such as anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile. METHODS: A retrospective, cross sectional chart review of @entity1 who had attended the @entity6 clinic in SPGH from January 2013 to December 2013  was performed. @entity1 were included if they had undergone  a foot examination. @entity1 with amputation due to accident were excluded. The @entity6 risk category was assessed by determining the proportion of @entity1 in each of four risk categories,  as described  by the IWGDF consensus. RESULTS: The study encompassed 144 records from @entity1 reviewed for foot examination from January to December 2013. @entity1 ' ages were between 16 and 85 years, 46 (40%) were male and 98 (60%) were female. The majority (122, [85%]) of @entity1 were in @entity6 risk category 0, whilst a limited number of @entity1 were classified in risk category 1 (10, [6.9%]), risk category 2 (7, [4.9%]) and risk category 3 (5, [3.5%]). Most of the @entity1 had the @entity6 (139, [97%; 95% CI 92% - 99%]). @entity1 ' ages were associated with the progressively higher @entity6 risk categories. The adjusted odd ratio was 1.1 (95% CI 1.03-1.14;  p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that about 15% of @entity1 attending the SPGH @entity6 clinic were categorised in higher risk groups for @entity6 ; @entity1 ' ages were linked to the higher @entity6 risk categories.

title: The XXXX risks profile in Selebi Phikwe Government Hospital, Botswana.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'DF', 'Diabetic Foot', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic foot']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic foot']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) in @entity1 with @entity7172 ( @entity7172 ) is still controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the risk factors and the incidence of central lymph node metastases (CLNMs) in @entity1 with @entity7172 who underwent thyroidectomy and @entity1600 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 2002 and 2013, 613 @entity1 were enrolled who underwent thyroidectomy with routine @entity1600 for @entity7172 at the Korea University Medical Center, Ansan Hospital and risk factors and the incidence of CLNM were analyzed. In addition, we also evaluated the complications after thyroidectomy with @entity1600 . RESULTS: Out of 613 @entity1 , 239 (39.0%) were found to have CLNM. Male sex (p  =  0.012), @entity5 size >=  0.5  cm (p  =  0.001), capsular invasion or extrathyroidal extension (p  =  0.029), and multifocality (p  =  0.004) were independent risk factors for CLNM. Among the 69 @entity1 who had @entity7172 without these risk factors, CLNM was identified in 12 (17.4%). In this study group, two (0.3%) had permanent recurrent @entity13587 , two (0.3%) had persistent @entity3747 , and two (0.3%) developed @entity86 . CONCLUSION: CLNM in @entity7172 is highly prevalent in male sex, @entity5 size >=  0.5  cm, extrathyroidal extension, and multifocality. Even in @entity7172 @entity1 without these risk factors, the incidence of CLNM is rather higher than expected, and the complication rate of thyroidectomy with @entity1600 is acceptable. Thus, @entity1600 should be considered in all @entity1 with @entity7172 .

title: Should central lymph node dissection be considered for all XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity13587 :: ('MESH:D061224', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['CLND', 'Central lymph node dissection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity7172 :: ('MESH:C563277', 'Disease') :: ['PTMC', 'papillary thyroid microcarcinoma']

answer: @entity7172 :: (MESH:C563277,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid microcarcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We perform a systematic review of repeat radiosurgery for @entity7026 ( @entity2758 ) with an emphasis on lesion obliteration rates and complications. Radiosurgery is an accepted treatment modality for @entity2758 located in eloquent cortex or deep brain structures. For residual or persistent lesions, repeat radiosurgery can be considered if sufficient time has passed to allow for a full appreciation of treatment effects, usually at least 3years. A systematic review was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. References for this review were identified by searches of MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. A total of 14 studies comprising 733 @entity1 met the review criteria and were included. For series that reported target dose at both first and repeat treatments, the weighted means were 19.42Gy and 19.06Gy, respectively. The mean and median obliteration rate for the repeat radiosurgery treatments were 61% (95% confidence interval 51.9-71.7%) and 61.5%, respectively. The median follow up following radiosurgery ranged from 19.5 to 80months. Time to complete obliteration after the repeat treatment ranged from 21 to 40.8months. The most common complications of repeat radiosurgery for @entity2758 included @entity548 (7.6%) and radiation-induced changes (7.4%). Repeat radiosurgery can be used to treat incompletely obliterated @entity2758 with an obliteration rate of 61%. Complications are related to treatment effect latency ( @entity548 risk) as well as radiation-induced changes. Repeat radiosurgery can be performed at 3 years following the initial treatment, allowing for full realization of effects from the initial treatment prior to commencing therapy.

title: Repeat radiosurgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7026 :: ('MESH:D002538', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral arteriovenous malformations']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

answer: @entity7026 :: (MESH:D002538,Disease) :: ['cerebral arteriovenous malformations']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of @entity2753 in a nursing home population and to identify clinical factors that increase the risk for development of @entity2753 . DESIGN: Retrospective and prospective record review. SETTING: A Veterans Affairs nursing home care unit. @entity1 : One hundred nineteen residents, who ranged in age from 60 to 103 years. Sixty ambulatory @entity1 , 62 to 91 years of age, who attended a geriatric medicine outpatient clinic served as a reference population. MEASUREMENTS: Most recent serum @entity1372 , @entity1011 , BUN, and all serum @entity1372 determinations during the preceding 12 months; clinical diagnoses, diet, medications, and significant events at the time of recorded hyponatremic episodes; response to acute water loading in a subset of @entity1 ; number of deaths in the 12 months following entry into the study. RESULTS: In the 119 nursing home @entity1 , ages 60 years or older, the most recent serum @entity1372 identified 18% who were hyponatremic, compared with a prevalence of 8% in similarly aged ambulatory @entity1 . When all serum @entity1372 determinations for the previous 12 months were examined, 53% of the nursing home @entity1 had at least one episode of @entity2753 during this time period. There was a high incidence of central nervous system (CNS) and @entity602 in the total nursing home population. Episodes of @entity2753 were frequently associated with an increased intake of fluids, given either orally or intravenously, and with tube feeding. Water load testing revealed abnormal water handling consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate @entity3488 ( @entity3488 ) secretion in 18 of 23 @entity1 who had a history of @entity2753 . Seventeen percent of the @entity1 with @entity2753 died over the following 12 months, compared to a death rate of 21% in the normonatremic @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity2753 is a common occurrence in nursing home residents and may be a consequence of abnormal @entity3488 secretion resulting from @entity6220 . Exposure to increased fluid intake, or to a low @entity1372 tube-feeding diet, can lead to the onset of @entity2753 or to a worsening of an already present low-serum @entity1372 concentration.

title: XXXX in a nursing home population.

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['CNS disease']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia', 'Hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity3488 :: ('551', 'Gene') :: ['ADH', 'antidiuretic hormone']

answer: @entity2753 :: (MESH:D007010,Disease) :: ['Hyponatremia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Generation of DNA fragments is a hallmark of cell apoptosis and is executed within the dying cells (autonomous) or in the engulfing cells (non-autonomous). The TUNEL method is used as an in situ assay of apoptosis by labeling DNA fragments generated by caspase associated DNase (CAD), but not those by the downstream DNase II. Here, we report a method of ToLFP (topoisomerase ligation fluorescence probes) for directly visualizing DNA fragments generated by DNase II in @entity2199 embryos. ToLFP analysis provided the first demonstration of a cell autonomous mode of DNase II activity in dying cells in @entity70070 embryos, which are defective in engulfing apoptotic bodies. Compared with the number of ToLFP signals between @entity70070 and wild-type (N2) embryos, a 30% increase in N2 embryos was found, suggesting that the ratio of non-autonomous and autonomous modes of DNase II was about 3 to 7. Among three DNase II mutant embryos ( @entity70071 , @entity70072 , and @entity70073 ), @entity70071 embryos exhibited the least number of ToLFP. The ToLFP results confirmed the previous findings that @entity70071 is the major DNase II for degrading apoptotic DNA. To further elucidate @entity70071 's mode of action, @entity70071 -rescuing transgenic worms that ectopically express free or membrane-bound forms of @entity70071 fusion proteins were utilized. ToLFP analyses revealed that anteriorly expressed @entity70071 digests apoptotic DNA in posterior blastomeres in a non-autonomous and secretion-dependent manner. Collectively, we demonstrate that the ToLFP method can be used to differentiate the locations of blastomeres where DNase II acts autonomously or non-autonomously in degrading apoptotic DNA.

title: Autonomous and non-autonomous roles of DNase II during cell death in XXXX embryos.

entities_list: @entity2199 :: ('6239', 'Species') :: ['Caenorhabditis elegans']

answer: @entity2199 :: (6239,Species) :: ['C. elegans']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An increase in interstitial bony fluid occurs in bone- @entity236 (BME). The exact pathogenetic processes still remain unknown. BME is an unspecific finding that can occur on its own or accompany @entity66 and pathologies. GOAL: Literature review and presentation of new guidelines. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a narrative literature review followed by current advice for the therapy of atraumatic @entity2530 of the hip, based on the recently published S3-guidelines for this disease. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The differentiation of at least 3 different etiologies is proposed (mechanic, reactive and @entity63 ). Difficult, but important, is the distinction between the mostly painful, but benign entities ( @entity236 , @entity79 ) and the progressive pathologies ( @entity2530 , @entity625 , @entity6866 , @entity5 ). Treatment options are dependent on etiology and clinic and can often be symptomatic. Core decompression is the surgical gold standard, leading to immediate pressure relief and therefore reduction in @entity158 . Recently, it was shown that intravenous administration of Iloprost and @entity171 are also effective in achieving a reduction of BME and @entity158 , with considerable improvement in the accompanying symptoms. The combination of core decompression and infusion seems to be another possible optimization ofthe therapy, in particular in the treatment of @entity2530 .

title: [Bone XXXX and atraumatic necrosis of the femoral head : Therapy].

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multiple diseases']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone bruise']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['marrow edema', 'BME syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity236 :: (MESH:D001855,Disease) :: ['marrow edema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite improved operative techniques, open @entity4037 repair (VHR) surgery in high-risk, potentially contaminated @entity1 remains challenging. As previously reported by our group, the use of a modified negative-pressure wound therapy system (hybrid-VAC or HVAC) in @entity1 with grade 2 @entity547 is associated with lower surgical site occurrence (SSO) and @entity281 ( @entity281 ) rates. Accordingly, the authors aim to evaluate whether the HVAC would similarly improve surgical site outcomes following VHR in @entity1 with grade 3 @entity547 . METHODS: A 4-year retrospective review (2011-2014) was conducted of all consecutive, modified @entity4037 working group (VHWG) grade 3 @entity547 repairs with HVAC closure performed by a single surgeon (FEE) at a single institution. Operative data and 90-day outcomes were evaluated. Overall outcomes (e.g., recurrence, reoperation, mortality) were reviewed for the study group. RESULTS: A total of 117 @entity1 with an average age of 56.7        11.9  years were classified as grade 3 @entity547 and underwent open VHR with subsequent HVAC closure. Fifty @entity1 were male (42.7  %), the mean BMI was 35.2 (  9.5), and 60.7  % had a history of prior @entity547 repair. The average fascial defect size was 201.5 (  167.3)   cm(2) and the mean length of stay was 14.2 (  9.3)   days. Ninety-day outcomes showed an SSO rate of 20.7  % and an  @entity281 rate of  5.2  %. The overall @entity547 recurrence rate was 4.2 % (n=6) with a mean follow-up of 11        7.3  months. CONCLUSION: Modified VHWG grade 3 @entity4037 are associated with significant morbidity. In our series utilizing the HVAC system after VHR, the observed rate of SSO and @entity281 compared favorably to reported series. Further prospective cost-effective studies are warranted to validate these findings.

title: Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy in the Management of High-Grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['surgical site infection', 'SSI']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia', 'ventral hernias']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['hernia', 'hernias']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['Ventral Hernia Repairs']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In the present study, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), induced neural stem cells (iNSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and an immortalized cell line (RMNE6), representing different characteristics of stem cells, were transplanted into normal and/or injured brain areas of @entity64 models, and their effects were compared to select suitable stem cells for cell replacement @entity64 therapy. The @entity35 and @entity19 ischaemic models were constructed using the middle cerebral artery occlusion technique. Both electrocoagulation of the artery and the intraluminal filament technique were used. The behaviour changes and fates of grafted stem cells were determined mainly by behaviour testing and immunocytochemistry. Following iPSC transplantation into the corpora striata of normal @entity19 , a @entity5 developed in the brain. The iNSCs survived well and migrated towards the injured area without differentiation. Although there was no tumourigenesis in the brain of normal or ischaemic @entity19 after the iNSCs were transplanted in the cortices, the behaviour in ischaemic @entity19 was not improved. Upon transplanting MSC and RMNE6 cells into ischaemic @entity35 brains, results similar to iNSCs in @entity19 were seen. However, transplantation of RMNE6 caused a @entity1313 . Thus, tumourigenesis and indeterminate improvement of behaviour are challenging problems encountered in stem cell therapy for @entity64 , and the intrinsic characteristics of stem cells should be remodelled before transplantation. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Comparison of intracerebral transplantation effects of different stem cells on XXXX models.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'rodent stroke']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumour']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['rodent stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between @entity2671 , total and bioavailable @entity251 , @entity7042 , and total and bioavailable @entity53 concentrations and the risk of @entity204 from cardiovascular and @entity299 . DESIGN: 19 year old population based prospective study with 99.9% follow up. SETTING: Rancho Bernardo, California. SUBJECTS: 651 postmenopausal @entity1 , none taking @entity2931 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concentrations of plasma sex hormones measured by radioimmunoassay in an endocrinology research laboratory. Cardiovascular and @entity299 deaths assessed by @entity204 certificate; 85% of 30% sample validated by record review. RESULTS: Age adjusted concentrations of sex hormones did not differ significantly in @entity1 with and without a history of @entity299 at baseline and did not predict @entity65 or @entity204 from @entity299 . Most 95% confidence intervals for the age adjusted relative risk of @entity65 or @entity204 from @entity299 were narrow, and all included one. Endogenous @entity2931 concentrations were not associated with significantly more favourable risk factors for @entity299 , and @entity251 was not associated with less favourable risk factors. CONCLUSION: These prospective data do not support a causal or preventive role for endogenous @entity2931 or @entity3800 and cardiovascular mortality in older @entity1 .

title: Prospective study of endogenous sex hormones and fatal XXXX in postmenopausal @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen', 'oestrogens']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

entities_list: @entity7042 :: ('CHEBI:17263', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrone']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease', 'heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between @entity2671 , total and bioavailable @entity251 , @entity7042 , and total and bioavailable @entity53 concentrations and the risk of @entity204 from cardiovascular and @entity299 . DESIGN: 19 year old population based prospective study with 99.9% follow up. SETTING: Rancho Bernardo, California. SUBJECTS: 651 postmenopausal @entity1 , none taking @entity2931 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concentrations of plasma sex hormones measured by radioimmunoassay in an endocrinology research laboratory. Cardiovascular and @entity299 deaths assessed by @entity204 certificate; 85% of 30% sample validated by record review. RESULTS: Age adjusted concentrations of sex hormones did not differ significantly in @entity1 with and without a history of @entity299 at baseline and did not predict @entity65 or @entity204 from @entity299 . Most 95% confidence intervals for the age adjusted relative risk of @entity65 or @entity204 from @entity299 were narrow, and all included one. Endogenous @entity2931 concentrations were not associated with significantly more favourable risk factors for @entity299 , and @entity251 was not associated with less favourable risk factors. CONCLUSION: These prospective data do not support a causal or preventive role for endogenous @entity2931 or @entity3800 and cardiovascular mortality in older @entity1 .

title: Prospective study of endogenous sex hormones and fatal @entity65 in postmenopausal XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: AIM: To compare the outcomes of @entity99 (TACE) for @entity157 ( @entity157 ) according to the Barcelona Clinic @entity96 (BCLC) staging system. METHODS: A consecutive sample of 540 @entity1 with solitary @entity157 who underwent liver resection (n = 312) or TACE (n = 128) were included in the present study. Baseline characteristics, @entity5 characteristics, and post-operative complications were compared between the two groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for long-term survival analysis. Independent prognostic predictors were identified using the Cox proportional hazards model (univariate and multivariate analyses). RESULTS: The TACE and liver resection groups had similar baseline demographic and clinicopathological characteristics. The TACE group showed a significantly lower rate of major complications than the liver resection group (3.9% vs 17.4%, P < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that TACE did not contribute to poor overall survival compared with liver resection; however, a solitary @entity5 diameter of greater than 6 cm should be considered a risk factor for poor overall survival (HR = 1.328, 95%CI: 1.002-1.783, P = 0.048). The liver resection and TACE groups had comparable overall survival rates at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years (86.2%, 62.8%, and 44.0% vs 88.3%, 59.8%, and 40.6%, respectively, P = 0.419). In cases with @entity5 diameters equal to or less than 6 cm, the liver resection group showed a survival benefit compared with the TACE group at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years (P = 0.030). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates of @entity157 cases with @entity5 diameters of more than 6 cm were similar among the liver resection and TACE groups (P = 0.467). CONCLUSION: A @entity5 diameter of 6 cm should be the cutoff for deciding between liver resection and TACE.

title: XXXX for @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['Liver Cancer']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'solitary hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic resection and transarterial chemoembolization']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['Comparison of hepatic resection and transarterial chemoembolization']


abstract: AIM: To compare the outcomes of @entity99 (TACE) for @entity157 ( @entity157 ) according to the Barcelona Clinic @entity96 (BCLC) staging system. METHODS: A consecutive sample of 540 @entity1 with solitary @entity157 who underwent liver resection (n = 312) or TACE (n = 128) were included in the present study. Baseline characteristics, @entity5 characteristics, and post-operative complications were compared between the two groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for long-term survival analysis. Independent prognostic predictors were identified using the Cox proportional hazards model (univariate and multivariate analyses). RESULTS: The TACE and liver resection groups had similar baseline demographic and clinicopathological characteristics. The TACE group showed a significantly lower rate of major complications than the liver resection group (3.9% vs 17.4%, P < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that TACE did not contribute to poor overall survival compared with liver resection; however, a solitary @entity5 diameter of greater than 6 cm should be considered a risk factor for poor overall survival (HR = 1.328, 95%CI: 1.002-1.783, P = 0.048). The liver resection and TACE groups had comparable overall survival rates at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years (86.2%, 62.8%, and 44.0% vs 88.3%, 59.8%, and 40.6%, respectively, P = 0.419). In cases with @entity5 diameters equal to or less than 6 cm, the liver resection group showed a survival benefit compared with the TACE group at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years (P = 0.030). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates of @entity157 cases with @entity5 diameters of more than 6 cm were similar among the liver resection and TACE groups (P = 0.467). CONCLUSION: A @entity5 diameter of 6 cm should be the cutoff for deciding between liver resection and TACE.

title: @entity99 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['solitary hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: @entity15250 strains are being developed as microbial production hosts for production of a range of amphiphilic and hydrophobic biochemicals. @entity15250 's obligate aerobic growth thereby can be an economical and technical challenge because it requires constant rigorous aeration and often causes reactor foaming. Here, we engineered a strain of @entity26731 that can produce @entity72046 redox-mediators from @entity796 to allow partial redox balancing with an electrode under @entity26 -limited conditions. @entity796 is known to employ its @entity72046 -type redox mediators for electron exchange with an anode in bioelectrochemical systems (BES). We transferred the seven core @entity72046 biosynthesis genes phzA-G and the two specific genes phzM and phzS required for @entity24206 synthesis from @entity796 on two inducible plasmids into @entity26731 . The best clone, @entity15250 pPhz, produced 45 mg/L @entity24206 over 25 h of growth, which was visible as blue color formation and is comparable to the @entity24206 production of @entity796 . This new strain was then characterized under different @entity26 -limited conditions with electrochemical redox control and changes in central energy metabolism were evaluated in comparison to the unmodified @entity26731 . In the new strain, @entity72046 synthesis with supernatant concentrations up to 33  g/mL correlated linearly with the ability to discharge electrons to an anode, whereby @entity11097 served as the dominating redox mediator. @entity15250 pPhz sustained strongly @entity26 -limited metabolism for up to 2 weeks at up to 12  A/cm(2) anodic current density. Together, this work lays a foundation for future @entity26 -limited biocatalysis with @entity15250 strains.

title: Engineering mediator-based electroactivity in the obligate aerobic bacterium XXXX .

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity24206 :: ('MESH:D011710', 'Chemical') :: ['pyocyanin']

entities_list: @entity11097 :: ('MESH:C037165', 'Chemical') :: ['phenazine-1-carboxylic acid']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity15250 :: ('303', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas putida', 'P. putida']

answer: @entity26731 :: (160488,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas putida KT2440']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute @entity11034 is a rare, but potentially life-threatening, cause of upper @entity344 . CLINICAL CASE: Male of 60  years old with severe @entity158 and @entity1661 with haematemesis on two occasions. The @entity1 was haemodynamically stable, with @entity1661 and palpable @entity19138 . Hematic cytology showed: haemoglobin 8.2g/dl and haematocrit 27%. Abdominal X-ray showed an elevation of left diaphragm with a hugely dilated @entity1819 . A nasogastric tube was inserted. Endoscopy was performed. There was no active @entity548 , but it was impossible to reach the duodenum due to the @entity1819 distortion. The upper gastrointestinal X-ray study showed the appearance of an inverted @entity1819 in the chest and an organoaxial gastric torsion. The CT scans of thorax and abdomen showed a gastric ascent into the thoracic cavity. Laparoscopic surgery was performed, finding the left hemi-diaphragm elevated, and the @entity1819 , splenic angle of the colon, the spleen and tail of the pancreas were also raised. A linear gastrectomy ( @entity356 ) was performed. The postoperative progress was satisfactory. Oral feeding was started 72hours after surgery, and the @entity1 was discharged, and has remained asymptomatic during the following by 8  years. CONCLUSIONS: Emergency physicians must maintain a high level of suspicion in @entity1 that present with signs and symptoms suggesting upper digestive tract occlusion. The @entity356 is an excellent alternative to avoid recurrence of @entity11034 .

title: [Laparoscopic XXXX in @entity11034 secondary to diaphragmatic eventration in an adult @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distension']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity11034 :: ('MESH:D013277', 'Disease') :: ['gastric volvulus']

entities_list: @entity19138 :: ('MESH:C537170', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric fullness']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric sleeve']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric sleeve']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute @entity11034 is a rare, but potentially life-threatening, cause of upper @entity344 . CLINICAL CASE: Male of 60  years old with severe @entity158 and @entity1661 with haematemesis on two occasions. The @entity1 was haemodynamically stable, with @entity1661 and palpable @entity19138 . Hematic cytology showed: haemoglobin 8.2g/dl and haematocrit 27%. Abdominal X-ray showed an elevation of left diaphragm with a hugely dilated @entity1819 . A nasogastric tube was inserted. Endoscopy was performed. There was no active @entity548 , but it was impossible to reach the duodenum due to the @entity1819 distortion. The upper gastrointestinal X-ray study showed the appearance of an inverted @entity1819 in the chest and an organoaxial gastric torsion. The CT scans of thorax and abdomen showed a gastric ascent into the thoracic cavity. Laparoscopic surgery was performed, finding the left hemi-diaphragm elevated, and the @entity1819 , splenic angle of the colon, the spleen and tail of the pancreas were also raised. A linear gastrectomy ( @entity356 ) was performed. The postoperative progress was satisfactory. Oral feeding was started 72hours after surgery, and the @entity1 was discharged, and has remained asymptomatic during the following by 8  years. CONCLUSIONS: Emergency physicians must maintain a high level of suspicion in @entity1 that present with signs and symptoms suggesting upper digestive tract occlusion. The @entity356 is an excellent alternative to avoid recurrence of @entity11034 .

title: [Laparoscopic @entity356 in XXXX secondary to diaphragmatic eventration in an adult @entity1 ].

answer: @entity11034 :: (MESH:D013277,Disease) :: ['gastric volvulus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute @entity11034 is a rare, but potentially life-threatening, cause of upper @entity344 . CLINICAL CASE: Male of 60  years old with severe @entity158 and @entity1661 with haematemesis on two occasions. The @entity1 was haemodynamically stable, with @entity1661 and palpable @entity19138 . Hematic cytology showed: haemoglobin 8.2g/dl and haematocrit 27%. Abdominal X-ray showed an elevation of left diaphragm with a hugely dilated @entity1819 . A nasogastric tube was inserted. Endoscopy was performed. There was no active @entity548 , but it was impossible to reach the duodenum due to the @entity1819 distortion. The upper gastrointestinal X-ray study showed the appearance of an inverted @entity1819 in the chest and an organoaxial gastric torsion. The CT scans of thorax and abdomen showed a gastric ascent into the thoracic cavity. Laparoscopic surgery was performed, finding the left hemi-diaphragm elevated, and the @entity1819 , splenic angle of the colon, the spleen and tail of the pancreas were also raised. A linear gastrectomy ( @entity356 ) was performed. The postoperative progress was satisfactory. Oral feeding was started 72hours after surgery, and the @entity1 was discharged, and has remained asymptomatic during the following by 8  years. CONCLUSIONS: Emergency physicians must maintain a high level of suspicion in @entity1 that present with signs and symptoms suggesting upper digestive tract occlusion. The @entity356 is an excellent alternative to avoid recurrence of @entity11034 .

title: [Laparoscopic @entity356 in @entity11034 secondary to diaphragmatic eventration in an adult XXXX ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: The upper digestive @entity548 is one of the main causes of mortality from @entity1575 ( @entity82 ). The measurement of the @entity99 ( @entity99 ) by angiographic way can be used for the determination of the risk of @entity548 . The aim of this study is to verify the influence of the @entity99 measurement upon the survival in @entity1 with @entity82 and upper digestive @entity548 . A retrospective pilot study on 33 @entity1 with upper digestive @entity548 divided into two groups according to the therapeutic attitude followed, was carried out. One group was classically treated, with variceal band ligation, non-elective beta-blockers and in emergency Octreotide. The other group was treated depending on the value of @entity99 . From the moment of the first episode of digestive @entity548 , the survival period was in average of 8.1 months for the @entity1 with viral etiology and for those with alcoholic etiology it was of 19.7 months. In @entity1 treated after @entity99 measurement, the average survival period was of 34.2 months and in @entity1 "classically" treated, the average survival period was of 15.5 months (significant difference). In conclusion, the measurement of @entity99 allowed the selection of a high-risk group of @entity1 . This permitted the making of a therapeutical decision with a significant prolongation of life in these @entity1 .

title: Measuring the XXXX in the upper digestive hemorrhages.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['HVPG', 'hepatic venous pressure gradient']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic venous pressure gradient']


abstract: AIM: To outline the feasibility, safety, adverse events and early results of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in @entity788 using a novel probe. METHODS: This is a multi-center, pilot safety feasibility study. The intervention described was radiofrequency ablation (RF) which was applied with an innovative monopolar RF probe (1.2 mm Habib EUS-RFA catheter) placed through a 19 or 22 gauge fine needle aspiration (FNA) needle once FNA was performed in @entity1 with a @entity5 in the head of the pancreas. The Habib    EUS-RFA is a 1 Fr wire (0.33 mm, 0.013") with a working length of 190 cm, which can be inserted through the biopsy channel of an echoendoscope. RF power is applied to the electrode at the end of the wire to coagulate tissue in the liver and pancreas. RESULTS: Eight @entity1 [median age of 65 (range 27-82) years; 7 female and 1 male] were recruited in a prospective multicenter trial. Six had a @entity788 (four a @entity45 , one had @entity4929 and one a @entity652 ) and two had a @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in the head of pancreas. The mean size of the @entity5 and @entity5 were 36.5 mm (SD    17.9 mm) and 27.5 mm (SD    17.7 mm) respectively. The EUS-RFA was successfully completed in all cases. Among the 6 @entity1 with a @entity5 , post procedure imaging in 3-6 mo showed complete resolution of the cysts in 2 cases, whilst in three more there was a 48.4% reduction [mean pre RF 38.8 mm (SD    21.7 mm) vs mean post RF 20 mm (SD    17.1 mm)] in size. In regards to the @entity5 @entity1 , there was a change in vascularity and central @entity39 after EUS-RFA. No major complications were observed within 48 h of the procedure. Two @entity1 had mild @entity490 that resolved within 3 d. CONCLUSION: EUS-RFA of @entity788 with a novel monopolar RF probe was well tolerated in all cases. Our preliminary data suggest that the procedure is straightforward and safe. The response ranged from complete resolution to a 50% reduction in size.

title: Endoscopic ultrasound guided radiofrequency ablation, for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cystic neoplasm', 'pancreatic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity4929 :: ('MESH:C565310', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'NET', 'cystic neoplasm', 'neuroendocrine tumors']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous cyst']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['microcystic adenoma']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cystic neoplasms and neuroendocrine tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The role of circulating @entity5 cells (CTCs) as a marker for disease progression in @entity5 is controversial. The current review will serve to summarize the evidence on CTCs as a marker of disease progression in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 . The immunohistochemistry(IHC)-based CellSearch(  ) is the only FDA-approved isolation technique for quantifying CTCs in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 . We searched PubMed and Web of Knowledge for clinical studies that assessed the prognostic and predictive value of CTCs using IHC-based isolation. The @entity1 outcomes reported include median and Cox-proportional hazard ratios for overall-survival (OS) and progression-free-survival (PFS). All studies reported shorter OS for CTC-positive @entity1 versus CTC-negative. A subset of the selected trials reported significant lower median PFS for CTC-positive @entity1 . The reported trials support the utility of CTC enumeration for @entity1 prognosis. But further studies are required to determine the utility of CTC enumeration for guiding @entity1 therapy. There are three clinical trials ongoing to test this hypothesis. These studies, and others, will further establish the role of CTCs in clinical practice.

title: Circulating @entity5 Cells in Metastatic XXXX : A Prognostic and Predictive Marker.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'metastatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The role of circulating @entity5 cells (CTCs) as a marker for disease progression in @entity5 is controversial. The current review will serve to summarize the evidence on CTCs as a marker of disease progression in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 . The immunohistochemistry(IHC)-based CellSearch(  ) is the only FDA-approved isolation technique for quantifying CTCs in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 . We searched PubMed and Web of Knowledge for clinical studies that assessed the prognostic and predictive value of CTCs using IHC-based isolation. The @entity1 outcomes reported include median and Cox-proportional hazard ratios for overall-survival (OS) and progression-free-survival (PFS). All studies reported shorter OS for CTC-positive @entity1 versus CTC-negative. A subset of the selected trials reported significant lower median PFS for CTC-positive @entity1 . The reported trials support the utility of CTC enumeration for @entity1 prognosis. But further studies are required to determine the utility of CTC enumeration for guiding @entity1 therapy. There are three clinical trials ongoing to test this hypothesis. These studies, and others, will further establish the role of CTCs in clinical practice.

title: Circulating XXXX Cells in Metastatic @entity0 : A Prognostic and Predictive Marker.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with the @entity3 and poor prognosis of @entity5 . However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly defined. In the present study, we investigated whether Twist  plays a direct role in @entity1 @entity5 using immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that Twist  is highly expressed in @entity5 , which correlates with poor @entity5 pathological differentiation or lymph node @entity3 (P<0.05). Depletion of Twist  by stable shRNA-mediated knockdown decreased the migratory ability of @entity5 cell lines in  vitro. Suppression or overexpression of Twist  also resulted in an altered expression of the molecular mediators of EMT. Furthermore, exogenous @entity2533 promoted EMT by upregulating the expression of Twist  through the @entity2533 / @entity7379 pathway, and this effect was eliminated by Twist  depletion in @entity5 cells as demonstrated in the in  vitro study. The use of in  vivo models revealed a decreased @entity5 proliferation potential in Twist-depleted @entity5 cells. The results suggested a novel function for Twist  in the promotion of EMT via @entity2533 / @entity7379 signaling pathway. Thus, Twist  constitutes a potential therapeutic target in @entity1 @entity5 .

title: Twist  induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cervical carcinogenesis by regulating the @entity2533 / XXXX signaling pathway.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity7379 :: (4088,Gene) :: ['Smad3']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with the @entity3 and poor prognosis of @entity5 . However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly defined. In the present study, we investigated whether Twist  plays a direct role in @entity1 @entity5 using immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that Twist  is highly expressed in @entity5 , which correlates with poor @entity5 pathological differentiation or lymph node @entity3 (P<0.05). Depletion of Twist  by stable shRNA-mediated knockdown decreased the migratory ability of @entity5 cell lines in  vitro. Suppression or overexpression of Twist  also resulted in an altered expression of the molecular mediators of EMT. Furthermore, exogenous @entity2533 promoted EMT by upregulating the expression of Twist  through the @entity2533 / @entity7379 pathway, and this effect was eliminated by Twist  depletion in @entity5 cells as demonstrated in the in  vitro study. The use of in  vivo models revealed a decreased @entity5 proliferation potential in Twist-depleted @entity5 cells. The results suggested a novel function for Twist  in the promotion of EMT via @entity2533 / @entity7379 signaling pathway. Thus, Twist  constitutes a potential therapeutic target in @entity1 @entity5 .

title: Twist  induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cervical carcinogenesis by regulating the XXXX / @entity7379 signaling pathway.

answer: @entity2533 :: (7040,Gene) :: ['TGF-b']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity28 and unintended pregnancy, did not want to be pregnant then or any time in the future, are current epidemics that differentially affect @entity1 based on sociodemographic factors. We aim to explore unintended pregnancy and contraceptive use among @entity28 and nonobese @entity1 in Los Angeles County. METHODS: We analyzed the 2012 Los Angeles Mommy and Baby data. Los Angeles Mommy and Baby is a population-based surveillance system designed to monitor self-reported experiences occurring before, during, and after pregnancy.    tests and logistic regression assessed differences between @entity28 and nonobese mothers. Analyses were conducted using sampling weights to account for the complex sampling scheme. RESULTS: There were 6,843 respondents to the 2012 Los Angeles Mommy and Baby survey. Overall, 48% of births in Los Angeles County were unintended. Mothers who were @entity28 were 1.1 times (P<.001) more likely to have an unintended pregnancy compared with mothers who were not @entity28 . Overweight @entity1 (body mass index [BMI, calculated as weight (kg)/[height (m)]] between 25.0 and 29.9) were 1.3 times more likely to not use any method of birth control than normal-weight @entity1 (BMI less than 25). Obese @entity1 (BMI greater than 30) were 1.1 times more likely to not use contraception than normal-weight @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity28 in mothers was associated with an increased chance of unintended pregnancy. Both overweight and @entity28 @entity1 were more likely to report not having used birth control before pregnancy than normal-weight @entity1 . To reduce the number of unintended pregnancies in Los Angeles County, it is important to educate overweight and @entity28 mothers about the significance of contraceptive methods.

title: Maternal XXXX and Its Association With Unintended Pregnancies and Contraceptive Use [273].

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obese']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Obesity']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A variety of treatment approaches are available for @entity6068 . Many specialties are involved in their management, but criteria for early recognition of high-risk @entity1 and prompt referral guidelines do not exist. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of @entity6068 cases treated at a single, urban tertiary care center from 2011 to 2013 was identified. Analyses were completed on two groups: pediatric (younger than 18 years old) and adults (older than 18 years old). Univariate analyses examined @entity1 factors associated with length of stay. RESULTS: A total of 250 @entity1 with @entity6068 were identified. Of those, 54 (25%) were pediatric @entity1 with a mean age of 5 years (standard deviation [SD] 5.6), and 196 (75%) were adults with a mean age 43 years (SD 17.8, range 18-95 years). The prevalence of length of stay of 1 or more days was 57% (n=31) in the pediatric group, and the majority were managed with a surgical procedure (97.8% [53/54]) by nongynecologic surgeons (95.4%). In the adult population, the prevalence of length of stay of 1 or more days was 27% (n=53), and 74.4% (133/180) of adult @entity1 had operative procedures performed by a gynecologist. Characteristics that predicted length of stay of 1 or more days were two preoperative comorbidities for @entity1 (odds ratio [OR] 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59-3.37) and seven comorbidities for adult @entity1 (OR 4.9, 95% CI 6.64-8.00). An increasing trend between comorbidities and number of procedures performed was demonstrated (r=0.497, P=.01). CONCLUSION: This study identified a subset of high-risk @entity1 with @entity6068 who would benefit from earlier treatment and more specialized services and interventions.

title: When Should Gynecology Be Consulted to Manage a XXXX ? [301].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6068 :: ('MESH:D014845', 'Disease') :: ['vulvar abscess']

answer: @entity6068 :: (MESH:D014845,Disease) :: ['Vulvar Abscess']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The shift towards earlier stages of disease advancement at diagnosis when introducing mammography screening is expected to affect the treatment costs of @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected data on hospital resource use in Norway following a @entity0 diagnosis for the period 1 January, 2008 through 31 December, 2009 for @entity1 aged 50-69  years, diagnosed with @entity0 during the period 1 January, 1999 through 31 December, 2009. We estimated treatment costs using a function that included the probability of being at risk for receiving treatment, estimated by means of the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: In total, 16,045 @entity1 were included for the analyses among which 10.5  % died during the study period. The mean 10-year per- @entity1 treatment cost was < @entity7634 >31,940 (95  % CI < @entity7634 >31,030-32,880), and lower for @entity5 detected within the public screening program (< @entity7634 >30,730) than for those detected elsewhere (< @entity7634 >36,230). For @entity513 in situ (DCIS) and @entity5 in stages I thru IV, treatment costs were < @entity7634 >15,740, < @entity7634 >23,570, < @entity7634 >46,550, < @entity7634 >55,230 and < @entity7634 >60,430, respectively. @entity5 occurring within the screening program were generally more resource demanding than both @entity5 detected at screening or elsewhere. CONCLUSIONS: Ten-year treatment costs increased by increasing stage at diagnosis. @entity1 whose @entity5 was detected within the public screening program had lower treatment costs than those detected elsewhere. @entity5 had higher costs than others.

title: Expected 10-year treatment cost of XXXX detected within and outside a public screening program in Norway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Interval cancers', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']