abstract: BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate associations of 3 common polymorphisms in the @entity7 gene, @entity24279 , @entity31561 , and @entity66945 , with risk of @entity215 ( @entity215 ) in Chinese Han @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS From January 2010 to June 2013, a total of 400 pediatric subjects were recruited, including 160 cases with @entity215 ( @entity215 group) and 240 healthy controls (control group). The genotypes of 3 common @entity7 polymorphisms, @entity24279 , @entity31561 , and @entity66945 , were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism. All data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0 software. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in body mass index or sex between @entity215 @entity1 and controls (both P>0.05), but significant differences in age and family history of @entity215 were observed between the 2 groups (both P<0.05). The AA genotype in @entity24279 of @entity7 was correlated with a significantly increased risk of @entity215 , and @entity215 risk in A allele carrier was 1.54-fold higher than that of C allele carrier (OR=1.54, 95%CI=1.14-2.09, P=0.005); the statistical significance was still present after Bonferroni correction (Pc=0.045). GG genotype in @entity31561 of @entity7 gene was also associated with an increased risk of @entity215 , and @entity215 risk in @entity1 with G allele was 1.62-fold higher compared to @entity1 with C allele (OR=1.62, 95%CI=1.19-2.21, P=0.002); the statistical significance was still present after Bonferroni correction (Pc=0.018). Interestingly, T allele in @entity7 @entity66945 polymorphism is associated with a decreased @entity215 risk (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.49-0.87, P=0.003, the statistical significance was still present after Bonferroni correction (Pc=0.027). The result of logistic regression analysis revealed that @entity24279 , @entity31561 , and @entity66945 genotypes are independently related to the prevalence of @entity215 (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirmed that @entity7 genetic polymorphisms, @entity24279 and @entity31561 , may be associated with an increased @entity215 risk, while @entity66945 polymorphism may be associated with decreased @entity215 risk.

title: XXXX Gene Polymorphisms are Associated with Risk of Tetralogy of Fallot.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['TOF', 'tetralogy of Fallot']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['VEGF']


abstract: Importance: @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) conditions are undertreated in late life. It is important to identify treatment strategies that address variability in treatment content and delivery and take individual-specific symptoms into account, particularly among @entity258 , community-dwelling older adults. Objective: To evaluate program feasibility and @entity1032 outcomes among community-dwelling older adults randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms of varying intensity of evidence-based, collaborative @entity1032 care management services (ie, the Supporting Seniors Receiving Treatment and Intervention [SUSTAIN] program) that provide standardized, measurement-based, software-aided @entity1032 assessment and symptom monitoring and connection to community resources via telephone. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Trial @entity1 were 1018 older, community-dwelling, @entity258 adults prescribed an antidepressant or anxiolytic by a primary care or non- @entity1032 professional and experiencing clinically significant @entity1032 symptoms at intake. The @entity1 subsample was drawn from a larger parent sample of older adults enrolled in the SUSTAIN program. Individuals were randomized to receive @entity1032 symptom monitoring alone (hereafter monitoring alone) or @entity1032 symptom monitoring plus care management (hereafter care management) provided by an @entity1032 professional. Baseline characteristics were examined, and changes in clinical @entity1032 outcomes were evaluated at 3-month and 6-month follow-up. The study dates were August 5, 2010, to May 5, 2014. Interventions: Monitoring alone or care management delivered by an @entity1032 professional. Main Outcomes and Measures: Overall @entity1032 functioning (primary) and @entity308 . Results: A total of 509 @entity1 were randomized to the monitoring alone group and 509 to the care management group; 377 and 401 completed >= 2 research assessments in the monitoring alone and case management groups, respectively. Compared with those randomized to monitoring alone, individuals randomized to care management showed greater improvements in the 3 domains of @entity1032 functioning (b [SE], 0.36 [0.12]; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.60; P   =   .004), @entity308 (b [SE], -0.20 [0.06]; 95% CI, -0.32 to -0.09; P   <   .001), and @entity148 (b [SE], -0.23 [0.05]; 95% CI, -0.33 to -0.14; P   <   .001) over time. Conclusions and Relevance: The SUSTAIN program, which provides assessment, monitoring, care management, and brief therapies for @entity1032 symptoms and needs in primary care settings, is feasible and scalable. A more intense level of care (ie, symptom monitoring plus care management) is associated with more favorable individual outcomes for @entity258 , community-dwelling older adults experiencing clinically significant @entity1032 symptoms. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02440594.

title: A Telephone-Based Program to Provide Symptom Monitoring Alone vs Symptom Monitoring Plus Care Management for Late-Life XXXX : A Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['Mental health', 'MH']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depressive and anxiety symptoms']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety symptoms']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low-income']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression and Anxiety']


abstract: @entity571 ( @entity571 ) is a significant socio-economic concern, affecting millions of individuals each year. Degeneration of the meniscus of the knee is often associated with @entity571 , yet the relationship between the two is not well understood. As a nearly avascular tissue, the meniscus must rely on diffusive transport for nutritional supply to cells. Therefore, quantifying structure-function relations for transport properties in meniscus fibrocartilage is an important task. The purpose of the present study was to determine how mechanical loading, tissue anisotropy, and tissue region affect @entity413 diffusion in meniscus fibrocartilage. A one-dimensional (1D) diffusion experiment was used to measure the diffusion coefficient of @entity413 in porcine meniscus tissues. Results show that @entity413 diffusion is strain-dependent, decreasing significantly with increased levels of compression. It was also determined that @entity413 diffusion in meniscus tissues is anisotropic, with the diffusion coefficient in the circumferential direction being significantly higher than that in the axial direction. Finally, the effect of tissue region was not statistically significant, comparing axial diffusion in the central and horn regions of the tissue. This study is important for better understanding the transport and nutrition-related mechanisms of @entity528 and related @entity571 in the knee.

title: Effect of Static Compressive Strain, Anisotropy, and Tissue Region on the Diffusion of XXXX in Meniscus Fibrocartilage.

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: Eleven cases of @entity174 or @entity174 /dislocation of the thoracolumbar or lumbar spine were studied to determine the effectiveness of three methods of management of the @entity130 . Ten of the @entity1 had a @entity51 as well as a @entity3510 . All cases were studied by computed tomographic (CT) scanning of the injury site before and after treatment. CT scanning was found to be superior to linear tomography in determining the degree of canal compromise by bone at the injury site. Eight @entity1 underwent operation, with the aims of achieving spinal stability in unstable @entity130 and of decompressing @entity1274 . These 8 @entity1 had received Harrington distraction instrumentation (HDI) as an initial procedure. In those @entity1 with @entity174 /dislocations from @entity717 and canal compromise resulting from @entity893 , reduction of the @entity174 /dislocation by HDI resulted in stabilization of the spine and increase of the open canal area at the injury site. However, in those @entity1 with canal compromise resulting from bursting @entity174 with retropulsed bone fragments, HDI did not reduce in bone fragments. Removal of the anterior vertebral body and the bone fragments, however, did result in significant improvement of the canal dimensions. A poor correlation was found between the degree of canal compromise as measured by the CT scanner and the resulting @entity51 . Reasons for this are presented. Six of the 10 neurologically compromised @entity1 , including 2 @entity1 with stable bursting @entity130 and retropulsed bone fragments treated conservatively, had improved one grade on Frankel's classification by 3 months after injury. The rate and degree of recovery were not related to the degree of canal decompression achieved at operation.

title: Management of XXXX of the thoracolumbar and lumbar spite.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['spinal injury']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['neural structures']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['flexion-rotation injuries']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['bony malalignment']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis is one of the preventive measures for surgical site infections (SSIs). Very little data about the cost effectiveness of the appropriate duration of antibiotic prophylaxis in low- and middle-income countries are available. We aim to assess the cost effectiveness of the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for <24  hours to prevent @entity281 in a middle-income country, @entity233 . METHODS: A 1-year prospective study was performed between June 2012 and June 2013. During this study period @entity1 were followed-up on for the development of SSI by means of hospital and postdischarge surveillance. @entity1 included in the study group received appropriate duration of antibiotic prophylaxis (<24  hours), and the duration of prophylaxis was longer in the control group. The antibiotic costs per @entity1 , including prophylaxis and treatment, were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 822 operations consisting of craniotomy (n  =  558), spinal fusion (n  =  220), and ventricular shunt (n  =  44) were included in the study. The study group included 488 (59.4%) @entity1 who underwent operations with appropriate duration (<24 hours) of antibiotic prophylaxis. Prophylactic antibiotic cost per @entity1 was significantly lower in the study group ( 3.35 and  20.41, respectively). The SSI rates did not differ between the 2 groups: 3.5% (17/488) in the study group and 3.6 (12/822) in the control group (P  >  .05). CONCLUSION: This cost-analysis study demonstrates that prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis correlates with increased burden of cost, but it is not preventive for SSI.

title: Economic evaluation of appropriate duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of XXXX in a middle-income country.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['neurosurgical infections']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['neurosurgical infections']


abstract: PURPOSE: To identify and characterize novel, activating mutations in Notch receptors in @entity0 and to determine response to the gamma secretase inhibitor (GSI) @entity61117 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used several computational approaches, including novel algorithms, to analyze next-generation sequencing data and related omic datasets from The @entity5 (TCGA) @entity0 cohort. @entity1 -derived xenograft (PDX) models were sequenced, and Notch-mutant models were treated with @entity61117 . Gene-expression and functional analyses were performed to study the mechanism of activation through mutation and inhibition by @entity61117 . RESULTS: We identified mutations within and upstream of the PEST domains of @entity125 , @entity126 , and @entity7363 in the TCGA dataset. Mutations occurred via several genetic mechanisms and compromised the function of the PEST domain, a negative regulatory domain commonly mutated in other @entity5 . Focal amplifications of @entity126 and @entity7363 were also observed, as were heterodimerization or extracellular domain mutations at lower incidence. Mutations and amplifications often activated the Notch pathway as evidenced by increased expression of canonical Notch target genes, and functional mutations were significantly enriched in the triple-negative @entity0 subtype (TNBC). PDX models were also identified that harbored PEST domain mutations, and these models were highly sensitive to @entity61117 . CONCLUSIONS: This work suggests that Notch-altered @entity0 constitutes a bona fide oncogenic driver segment with the most common alteration being PEST domain mutations present in multiple Notch receptors. Importantly, functional studies suggest that this newly identified class can be targeted with Notch inhibitors, including GSIs. Clin Cancer Res; 21(6); 1487-96.   2015 AACR.

title: PEST Domain Mutations in Notch Receptors Comprise an Oncogenic Driver Segment in Triple-Negative XXXX Sensitive to a y-Secretase Inhibitor.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer Genome Atlas', 'cancers']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: The case of a 24-year-old @entity1 with @entity12908 is reported. No similar disease occurred in his family. Inverted and bullous tips of fingers were noted at age 9 and protruded occipital bone at age 10. He complained on left facial @entity2473 and facial tics for 1 year. Examination revealed a @entity1 of short stature, with a brachycephalic skull and @entity5766 . Radiologically there was an extreme @entity2420 with the basal angle of 180 degrees, demineralized spinal vertebrae, and @entity690 . Both bone and CT scans demonstrated the abnormalities of the skull clearly. The basilar artery ran almost horizontally on angiography. He gradually deteriorated neurologically with bulbar, pyramidal and cerebellar signs and symptoms. Review of the literature revealed at least ten non-familial and nine familial cases of this disorder. It is considered that this syndrome is a genetically determined generalized @entity79 .

title: XXXX . Report of a non-familial case.

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic bone disorder']

entities_list: @entity690 :: ('MESH:D030981', 'Disease') :: ['acro-osteolysis']

entities_list: @entity2420 :: ('MESH:D010985', 'Disease') :: ['degree of basilar impression']

entities_list: @entity12908 :: ('MESH:D031845', 'Disease') :: ['Hadju-Cheney syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5766 :: ('MESH:D006972', 'Disease') :: ['hypertelorism']

answer: @entity12908 :: (MESH:D031845,Disease) :: ['Hadju-Cheney syndrome']


abstract: This experiment was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and @entity535 (AA) digestibility of sunflower seed meal (SFSM) and to use this data to develop prediction equations for estimating AA digestibility for growing @entity1707 . Ten SFSM were collected from five provinces in China. Twelve barrows (38.8  4.6 kg), fitted with ileal T-cannula were allotted into two 6*6 Latin square designs. Each of six experimental periods comprised a 5-d adaption period followed by a 2-d collection of ileal digesta. The ten test diets contained 50% SFSM as the sole source of AA. Another @entity1568 -free diet was used to measure the basal endogenous losses of crude protein (CP) and AA. @entity6213 (0.3%) was used as an inert marker in each diet. There was considerable variation (CV>10%) among the ten SFSM in chemical composition ( @entity62 [ @entity62 ]). The concentration of CP and ether extract (EE) ranged from 29.33% to 39.09% and 0.88% to 11.33%, respectively. @entity2537 ( @entity2537 ), neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre ranged from 21.46% to 36.42%, 38.15% to 55.40%, and 24.59% to 37.34%, respectively. There was variation among the ten SFSM in @entity4628 ( @entity4628 ) and @entity4628 ( @entity4628 ) for @entity376 and @entity1889 , which ranged from 63.16 to 79.21 and 55.19% to 72.04% for @entity4628 and 67.03% to 82.07% and 61.97% to 77.01% for @entity4628 , respectively. The variation in CP and @entity1853 ranged from 60.13% to 74.72% and 74.79% to 88.60% for @entity4628 and 66.70% to 79.31% and 77.16% to 90.27% for @entity4628 , respectively. @entity1853 was a good indicator to predict AA digestibility. These results indicate that conventional chemical composition of SFSM was variable (CV>10%) among the ten SFSM ( @entity62 ). The results of @entity4628 , @entity4628 and prediction equations could be used to evaluate the digestibility of SFSM in growing @entity1707 .

title: Determination and prediction of the XXXX digestibility of sunflower seed meals in growing @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity6213 :: ('MESH:C023600', 'Chemical') :: ['Chromic oxide']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity4628 :: ('MESH:D007077', 'Disease') :: ['AID', 'SID', 'apparent ileal digestibility', 'standardized ileal digestibility']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity2537 :: ('MESH:D020966', 'Disease') :: ['Crude fibre', 'CF']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['Methionine', 'methionine']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino Acid']


abstract: This experiment was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and @entity535 (AA) digestibility of sunflower seed meal (SFSM) and to use this data to develop prediction equations for estimating AA digestibility for growing @entity1707 . Ten SFSM were collected from five provinces in China. Twelve barrows (38.8  4.6 kg), fitted with ileal T-cannula were allotted into two 6*6 Latin square designs. Each of six experimental periods comprised a 5-d adaption period followed by a 2-d collection of ileal digesta. The ten test diets contained 50% SFSM as the sole source of AA. Another @entity1568 -free diet was used to measure the basal endogenous losses of crude protein (CP) and AA. @entity6213 (0.3%) was used as an inert marker in each diet. There was considerable variation (CV>10%) among the ten SFSM in chemical composition ( @entity62 [ @entity62 ]). The concentration of CP and ether extract (EE) ranged from 29.33% to 39.09% and 0.88% to 11.33%, respectively. @entity2537 ( @entity2537 ), neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre ranged from 21.46% to 36.42%, 38.15% to 55.40%, and 24.59% to 37.34%, respectively. There was variation among the ten SFSM in @entity4628 ( @entity4628 ) and @entity4628 ( @entity4628 ) for @entity376 and @entity1889 , which ranged from 63.16 to 79.21 and 55.19% to 72.04% for @entity4628 and 67.03% to 82.07% and 61.97% to 77.01% for @entity4628 , respectively. The variation in CP and @entity1853 ranged from 60.13% to 74.72% and 74.79% to 88.60% for @entity4628 and 66.70% to 79.31% and 77.16% to 90.27% for @entity4628 , respectively. @entity1853 was a good indicator to predict AA digestibility. These results indicate that conventional chemical composition of SFSM was variable (CV>10%) among the ten SFSM ( @entity62 ). The results of @entity4628 , @entity4628 and prediction equations could be used to evaluate the digestibility of SFSM in growing @entity1707 .

title: Determination and prediction of the @entity535 digestibility of sunflower seed meals in growing XXXX .

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different litter mixture compositions on bedding system temperature, pH and volatile @entity844 and ammonia-N (NH3-N) content, and the serum physico-chemical parameters and growth indices of @entity291 . Thirty-two Limousin @entity291 (280  20 kg) were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 8 for each group) according to the bedding system used: i) control with soil only (CTR); ii) mixture with 50% paddy hulls (PH), 30% saw dusts (SD), 10% peat moss (PM) and 10% @entity4336 cobs (CC) (TRT1); iii) mixture with 15% PH, 15% SD, 10% PM, 40% CC, and 20% @entity4336 stover (CS) (TRT2); iv) mixture with 30% PH, 10% PM, 40% CC, and 20% CS (TRT3). The litter material combinations of different treatments were based on the cost of bedding system materials in China. The cost of four treatments from low to high: Control<TRT1<TRT2<TRT3. The control was no-cost treatment. The diet consisted of 60.8% silage and 39.2% concentrate (dry matter [DM] basis). The NH3-N level (271.83 to 894.72 mg/kg) was lowest for TRT1 (p<0.0001) and highest for TRT2 (p<0.0001). The @entity598 , @entity4919 and @entity4876 levels were highest for the control group (p<0.0001). In all the groups, the pH value (6.90 to 9.09) increased at the beginning and later remained stable at below 9.09. The temperature of deep litter increased at the first week and reached the maximum (42.1  C) on day 38. @entity6143 (T3) levels in the TRT1 group animals (p<0.0001) were lower than those in the control and TRT2 animals. @entity1955 (T4) in the TRT1 group (p = 0.006) was lower than that in the other treatment groups. @entity701 (COR) in the control and TRT1 group was lower (p<0.0001) than that in the TRT2 and TRT3 groups. @entity2819 (CORt) in the control group was higher (p<0.0001) than that in the treatment groups. The findings indicate that the deep litter bedding systems provided better conditions for @entity4409 and growth performance compared with the control system. Furthermore, the litter composition of TRT1 was found to be optimal among the three treatment groups.

title: Effects of bedding material composition in deep litter systems on bedding characteristics and growth performance of limousin XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity4876 :: ('MESH:D002087', 'Chemical') :: ['butyrate']

entities_list: @entity4919 :: ('CHEBI:17272', 'Chemical') :: ['propionate']

entities_list: @entity4409 :: ('MESH:D000820', 'Disease') :: ['animal health']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ["3,5,3',5'-Tetraiodothyronine"]

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol']

entities_list: @entity6143 :: ('CHEBI:18258', 'Chemical') :: ["3,5,3'-Triiodothyronine"]

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['calves']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preliminary research has indicated that general facets of metacognition are associated with problem gambling. In the present study we aimed to investigate whether specific facets of metacognition play a role in explaining gambling initiation and perseveration in individuals presenting with @entity74 . AIM: To investigate: (1) the presence of metacognitive beliefs about gambling; (2) the goal of gambling, and its start and stop signals; and (3) the perceived impact of gambling on self-consciousness. METHOD: Ten individuals with a diagnosis of @entity74 were assessed using metacognitive profiling, a semi-structured interview. RESULTS: Findings indicated that all @entity1 endorsed both positive and negative metacognitive beliefs about gambling. The primary goal of gambling was to relieve economic hardship and improve cognitive-emotional state. All @entity1 reported that they did not know when this goal was achieved. Start signals for gambling included the ideas and feelings that gambling could solve problems and sensations that it might be the right time to win. The stop signal for gambling, for all @entity1 , was running out of money. All @entity1 also reported a perceived reduction in self-consciousness during a gambling episode. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide preliminary evidence that specific facets of metacognition play a role in @entity74 .

title: Profiling Metacognition in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['gambling disorder']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Gambling Disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity has become one of the greatest public health concerns worldwide and is known to be the most important risk factor for @entity27 ( @entity27 ). Prevalence of @entity27 has increased over the last two decades, but it is estimated that the majority of cases still remain undiagnosed. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of @entity27 in Finnish bariatric surgery candidates. METHODS: In this prospective multicentre study, standard overnight cardiorespiratory recording was conducted in 197 consecutive @entity1 from three different hospitals. A sleep questionnaire was also administered. Anthropometric and demographic measurements included age, weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist and neck circumference. RESULTS: Altogether, 71  % of the @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity27 . The prevalence was higher in males (90  %) than in females (60  %) (p   <   0.001). In @entity27 @entity1 ' group, the mean neck and waist circumference was larger (p   <   0.001) and the body weight higher (p   <   0.01) than in non- @entity27 group. When separating @entity1 by gender, a significant difference remained only concerning neck circumference in female @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity27 is very common among bariatric surgery @entity1 , especially in @entity1 . Considering this and the increased long-term morbidity and mortality generally related to @entity27 , a routine screening for @entity27 seems indicated in bariatric @entity1 , particularly @entity1 .

title: Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Among XXXX Admitted for Bariatric Surgery. A Prospective Multicentre Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnoea', 'OSA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A suboptimal @entity67 ( @entity67 ) interaction may have a prolonged @entity308 effect on the failing heart after functional reserves forced to their limits under stress conditions such as exercise. The continuation of excessive load in the postexercise period may be more important than the load during exercise, because the sum of postexercise periods generally exceeds exercise time itself. We sought that exercise-induced changes in postexercise @entity67 coupling and pulsatile efficiency in @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). METHODS: Thirty consecutive @entity712 with reduced ejection fraction (EF) and thirty age-, sex- and peak VO2 -matched subjects with preserved EF were enrolled. Pre- and postexercise echocardiographic and tonometric measurements were taken to calculate left ventricular and arterial elastances, arterial compliance and wave reflections, and steady and pulsatile power. RESULTS: @entity67 coupling significantly deteriorated in @entity712 group (from 1  50      0  47 to 2  00      0  75  mmHg/mL, P  <  0  01), but control group maintained basal favourable coupling status after exercise (from 1  04      0  29 to 1  03      0  24  mmHg/mL, P  =  0  77). Pulsatile percentage of total power significantly increased with exercise in @entity712 group, whereas it showed a significant decrease in control group. The change in pulsatile power fraction was correlated with the change in augmentation pressure (r  =  0  41,     =  3  00, P  <  0  01) and inversely correlated with the change in total arterial compliance (r  =  -0  29,     =  -8  52, P  =  0  02). CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that exercise-induced @entity67 decoupling and @entity392 extend into postexercise phase in @entity1 with @entity299 . The exact duration of these derangements requires further studies.

title: Effects of exercise on postexercise XXXX coupling and pulsatile efficiency in @entity1 with @entity299 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressing']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['pulsatile inefficiency']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['VA', 'ventricular-arterial']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['ventricular-arterial']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A suboptimal @entity67 ( @entity67 ) interaction may have a prolonged @entity308 effect on the failing heart after functional reserves forced to their limits under stress conditions such as exercise. The continuation of excessive load in the postexercise period may be more important than the load during exercise, because the sum of postexercise periods generally exceeds exercise time itself. We sought that exercise-induced changes in postexercise @entity67 coupling and pulsatile efficiency in @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). METHODS: Thirty consecutive @entity712 with reduced ejection fraction (EF) and thirty age-, sex- and peak VO2 -matched subjects with preserved EF were enrolled. Pre- and postexercise echocardiographic and tonometric measurements were taken to calculate left ventricular and arterial elastances, arterial compliance and wave reflections, and steady and pulsatile power. RESULTS: @entity67 coupling significantly deteriorated in @entity712 group (from 1  50      0  47 to 2  00      0  75  mmHg/mL, P  <  0  01), but control group maintained basal favourable coupling status after exercise (from 1  04      0  29 to 1  03      0  24  mmHg/mL, P  =  0  77). Pulsatile percentage of total power significantly increased with exercise in @entity712 group, whereas it showed a significant decrease in control group. The change in pulsatile power fraction was correlated with the change in augmentation pressure (r  =  0  41,     =  3  00, P  <  0  01) and inversely correlated with the change in total arterial compliance (r  =  -0  29,     =  -8  52, P  =  0  02). CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that exercise-induced @entity67 decoupling and @entity392 extend into postexercise phase in @entity1 with @entity299 . The exact duration of these derangements requires further studies.

title: Effects of exercise on postexercise @entity67 coupling and pulsatile efficiency in @entity1 with XXXX .

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['systolic dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A suboptimal @entity67 ( @entity67 ) interaction may have a prolonged @entity308 effect on the failing heart after functional reserves forced to their limits under stress conditions such as exercise. The continuation of excessive load in the postexercise period may be more important than the load during exercise, because the sum of postexercise periods generally exceeds exercise time itself. We sought that exercise-induced changes in postexercise @entity67 coupling and pulsatile efficiency in @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). METHODS: Thirty consecutive @entity712 with reduced ejection fraction (EF) and thirty age-, sex- and peak VO2 -matched subjects with preserved EF were enrolled. Pre- and postexercise echocardiographic and tonometric measurements were taken to calculate left ventricular and arterial elastances, arterial compliance and wave reflections, and steady and pulsatile power. RESULTS: @entity67 coupling significantly deteriorated in @entity712 group (from 1  50      0  47 to 2  00      0  75  mmHg/mL, P  <  0  01), but control group maintained basal favourable coupling status after exercise (from 1  04      0  29 to 1  03      0  24  mmHg/mL, P  =  0  77). Pulsatile percentage of total power significantly increased with exercise in @entity712 group, whereas it showed a significant decrease in control group. The change in pulsatile power fraction was correlated with the change in augmentation pressure (r  =  0  41,     =  3  00, P  <  0  01) and inversely correlated with the change in total arterial compliance (r  =  -0  29,     =  -8  52, P  =  0  02). CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that exercise-induced @entity67 decoupling and @entity392 extend into postexercise phase in @entity1 with @entity299 . The exact duration of these derangements requires further studies.

title: Effects of exercise on postexercise @entity67 coupling and pulsatile efficiency in XXXX with @entity299 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical trials confirmed the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial therapy (IAT) in the management of @entity385 . At a community hospital, we compared outcomes in @entity1 aged >= 80 and @entity1 in the age range 55-79 years receiving IAT following @entity385 . METHODS: Data were retrospectively abstracted for @entity385 @entity1 >= 55 years treated with IAT at an urban comprehensive @entity64 center between 2010 and 2013. Baseline demographics, incidence of symptomatic @entity932 (sICH), in-hospital mortality, discharge modified @entity2653 (mRS) score (favorable  <=2) and improvement in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS; decreased score at discharge) were compared between @entity1 in the age range 55-79 and @entity1 >= 80 years. Data were analyzed using univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: IAT was performed in 239 @entity1 with @entity385 ; 63 (26.4%) were >= 80 years. When compared to @entity1 aged 55-79, the elderly @entity1 were more often female and non-smokers, with a history of @entity955 . No differences were observed in those >= 80 years compared to @entity1 in the age range 55-79 years for sICH (10 vs. 5%, p = 0.23), mortality (24 vs. 18%, p = 0.28), favorable discharge mRS score (13 vs. 19%, p = 0.27), or improvement in NIHSS (83 vs. 92%, p = 0.10). The nonsignificant association of age with the outcomes persisted after adjusting for covariates and when analyzing the subset of @entity1 who received IAT only. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that in a cohort not subject to the criteria of a clinical trial, age >= 80 years should not be a contraindication to IAT.

title: Age >= 80 Years Is Not a Contraindication for Intra-Arterial Therapy after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2653 :: ('MESH:C538175', 'Disease') :: ['Rankin scale']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity17539 ( @entity17539 ) are relatively rare, but devastating @entity5 , more frequent among @entity1 of underprivileged socioeconomic status. There is mounting evidence that immune cells may trigger various mechanisms that enhance @entity5 growth and @entity3 , but no data on the peritumoral @entity32 is available for @entity17539 . The objectives of the present study are to evaluate the immunohistomorphology of @entity5 in @entity17539 , and to correlate it with clinicopathological parameters, which could contribute to the prognostic evaluation. One hundred and twenty-two @entity1 with the diagnosis of usual-type squamous cell @entity17539 were included. @entity982 -embedded tissue was submitted to immunohistochemical evaluation of @entity986 protein, CD3, @entity404 , @entity405 , @entity2225 , @entity469 , @entity13221 , @entity10807 , and @entity403 . The Fisher's exact test was employed for comparison between histological variables and parameters, and the Kaplan-Meier method for the analysis of survival. Improved 5-year overall survival was significantly associated to age  <=60  years, stage I   +   II, @entity5 size T1   +   T2, lymph node status N0, and absent perineural invasion. In a multivariate analysis age >= 60  years, presence of lymph node @entity3 , urethral invasion, and high histologic grade retained a significantly more unfavorable outcome. Improved 5-year failure free survival was associated to stage of the disease I   +   II, lymph node status N0, absence of perineural, vascular, and urethral invasion, and @entity403 expression. In a multivariate analysis, presence of lymph node @entity3 , perineural and vascular invasion, and of @entity403 -positive lymphocytes together with low inflammatory infiltrate retained a significantly more unfavorable outcome. These results support the prognostic value of determining the levels of @entity403 -positive lymphocytes by immunohistochemistry in @entity17539 , as this parameter adds value to the traditional clinicopathological features.

title: Pathologic and imunohistochemical characterization of tumoral inflammatory cell infiltrate in invasive penile squamous cell carcinomas: XXXX expression is an independent predictor of recurrence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumoral inflammation', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity17539 :: ('MESH:D010412', 'Disease') :: ['penile carcinoma', 'PeCa', 'Penile carcinomas']

answer: @entity403 :: (50943,Gene) :: ['Fox-P3']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We report a case of progressive multiple @entity2477 . @entity1 AND METHOD: A 16-year-old @entity1 presented with a 2-month history of @entity10 and @entity1296 . Six years earlier, he underwent surgery for @entity76 and subsequent chemoradiotherapy according to the M-051 protocol of the Korean Society of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology. Follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a tiny @entity548 on the cerebellum 3 months after 23.4-Gy craniospinal and 32.4-Gy boost radiotherapy. RESULT: The multiple @entity548 had progressively developed on the whole brain without any symptoms for 6 years. On admission, MRI revealed a 1.5-cm enlarged mass with subacute @entity548 on the right frontal area. The mass was totally removed and diagnosed as @entity2477 . However, 5 months later, the @entity1 complained of a @entity10 . MRI revealed 1.4- and 0.7-cm enlarged masses on the left frontal and right temporal areas with internal @entity548 , respectively. The left frontal mass was totally removed, and the histopathological finding was suggestive of @entity2477 . CONCLUSION: This case showed early-developed multiple @entity548 after radiotherapy, which had been progressive and were associated with some symptomatic @entity2477 . Pediatric @entity1 with brain radiotherapy should undergo radiological check-up to identify @entity455 , especially symptomatic @entity1 .

title: Progressive XXXX after Radiotherapy in a Pediatric @entity1 with Medulloblastoma: A Case Report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boy', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'hemorrhagic lesions']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar medulloblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity2477 :: ('MESH:D006392', 'Disease') :: ['cavernous angiomas', 'cavernous angioma']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2477 :: (MESH:D006392,Disease) :: ['Multiple Cavernous Angiomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We report a case of progressive multiple @entity2477 . @entity1 AND METHOD: A 16-year-old @entity1 presented with a 2-month history of @entity10 and @entity1296 . Six years earlier, he underwent surgery for @entity76 and subsequent chemoradiotherapy according to the M-051 protocol of the Korean Society of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology. Follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a tiny @entity548 on the cerebellum 3 months after 23.4-Gy craniospinal and 32.4-Gy boost radiotherapy. RESULT: The multiple @entity548 had progressively developed on the whole brain without any symptoms for 6 years. On admission, MRI revealed a 1.5-cm enlarged mass with subacute @entity548 on the right frontal area. The mass was totally removed and diagnosed as @entity2477 . However, 5 months later, the @entity1 complained of a @entity10 . MRI revealed 1.4- and 0.7-cm enlarged masses on the left frontal and right temporal areas with internal @entity548 , respectively. The left frontal mass was totally removed, and the histopathological finding was suggestive of @entity2477 . CONCLUSION: This case showed early-developed multiple @entity548 after radiotherapy, which had been progressive and were associated with some symptomatic @entity2477 . Pediatric @entity1 with brain radiotherapy should undergo radiological check-up to identify @entity455 , especially symptomatic @entity1 .

title: Progressive @entity2477 after Radiotherapy in a Pediatric XXXX with Medulloblastoma: A Case Report.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: Abstract Background: Circular excision by secondary-intention healing is useful for small skin defects (diameter <10 mm). But the injection @entity158 as the local anesthesia is administered one of the @entity1 ' biggest concerns. Buffered @entity3303 can effectively relieve the injection @entity158 , but it might increase the potential complications. This study examined the effect of buffered @entity3303 on wound healing. METHODS: @entity1 undergoing circular excision by secondary-intention healing were divided into 2 groups and were administered buffered or unbuffered @entity3303 as the local anesthesia. Comparative parameters included injection @entity158 , @entity282 , complication rate, @entity2318 at 6 months. Statistical differences between the 2 agents were assessed. RESULTS: The @entity1 in the buffered group experienced 0.9 fewer scaled injection @entity158 units than did the @entity1 in the unbuffered group (p = 0.009). Complication rates and scar appearance did not show any statistical difference between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Buffered @entity3303 is useful to relieve the injection @entity158 during the secondary-intention healing, and it is safe to use if it is applied properly.

title: Prospective evaluation of complications of the usage of buffering XXXX for secondary intention healing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['scar width, and scar quality']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data on @entity1 with localized Ewing @entity5 (ESFT) who have received a uniform chemotherapy protocol are minimal. METHODS: This is a single institutional review of @entity1 with ESFT treated between June 2003 and November 2011. RESULTS: 224/374 (60%) @entity1 with ESFT presented with localized disease; median age was 15 years (range: 0.1-55). Ninety-nine @entity1 underwent surgery of which 50 received adjuvant radiotherapy; 80 @entity1 received radical radiotherapy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. At median follow-up of 40.2 months (range: 1.3-129), 5-year EFS, @entity3012 , and local-control-rate, were 36.8        3.6%, 52.4        4.3%, and 63        4.3%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, @entity5 diameter >8   cm (P   =   0.03), symptom duration >4 months (P   =   0.04), and WBC >11   *   10(9) /L (P   =   0.003) predicted inferior EFS; spine/abdomino-pelvic primary (P   =   0.009) and WBC >11   *   10(9) /L (P   =   0.003) predicted inferior @entity3012 . @entity5 size >8   cm (P   =   0.03) and radical radiotherapy as local treatment (P   =   0.01) predicted inferior local-control-rate. CONCLUSION: Prognostic hazard models for EFS and @entity3012 based on significant prognostic factors suggested that @entity1 with combination of ESFT of spine/abdomino-pelvic region and baseline WBC >11   *   10(9) /L had inferior @entity3012 (hazard ratio 4.44, P   <   0.001) while @entity1 with combination of ESFT with symptom duration >4 months, @entity5 diameter >8   m and baseline WBC >11   *   10(9) /L had inferior EFS (hazard ratio 3.89, P   =   0.002). J. Surg. Oncol.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Developing a prognostic model for localized Ewing XXXX : A single institutional experience of 224 cases treated with uniform chemotherapy protocol.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'sarcoma family of tumors', 'Tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['sarcoma family of tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2332 ( @entity2332 ) is an acknowledged strategy for neuroprotection for @entity1 suffering from @entity1545 ( @entity1545 ). Albeit similar pathomechanisms of @entity1545 for both brain and heart, moderate @entity2332 (32-34  C) has not been established as a heart-protective measure. Therefore, we investigated the cardioprotective effects of moderate @entity2332 on oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation ( @entity23258 /R)-induced @entity130 . METHODS: @entity519 was induced by exposing HL-1 cardiomyocytes to 0.2% oxygen in serum/glucose-free medium for 6h. @entity23258 injured cells were subsequently re-oxygenated with 21% oxygen in complete medium. Two hypothermic protocols were investigated: Post- @entity23258 cooling to 33.5  C for 24h initiated at the start of re-oxygenation and intra- @entity23258 cooling to 33.5  C for 24h initiated after 3h of @entity23258 and maintained throughout the re-oxygenation phase. Cell viability was determined by LDH and cTnT releases. Mitochondria dysfunction was evaluated by intracellular ATP content and cellular metabolic activity was accessed by MTT reduction. Activation of @entity522 was analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: @entity23258 /R-induced injury resulted in increased cell death (higher LDH and cTnT releases), @entity2383 (decreased ATP content), and decreased cellular metabolic activity ( @entity353 ). Only intra- @entity23258 cooling attenuated both @entity23258 and @entity23258 -R-induced @entity130 (significantly decreased LDH and cTnT releases and increased ATP contents and MTT reduction). Furthermore, @entity522 activation was abated by intra- @entity23258 cooling. No protective effects were observed by post- @entity23258 cooling. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate @entity2332 initiated during @entity23258 is a promising intervention for the protection of cardiomyocytes from @entity23258 /R-induced injury. The attenuation of @entity2383 and apoptosis by intra- @entity23258 cooling are beneficial effects of @entity2332 -induced cardioprotection, resulting in minimized myocardial cell death after @entity23258 and @entity23258 -R-induced @entity130 .

title: Moderate XXXX initiated during oxygen-glucose deprivation preserves HL-1 cardiomyocytes.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-anoxic brain injury', 'HAI']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['decreased MTT reduction']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'injury in HL-1 cardiomyocytes']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac OGD/R injury']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['Therapeutic hypothermia', 'hypothermia', 'TH']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial dysfunction', 'mitochondrial impairment']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: @entity460 ( @entity141 ) released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is crucial for excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. Mitochondria, the major source of energy, in the form of @entity855 , required for cardiac contractility, are closely interconnected with the SR, and @entity141 is essential for optimal function of these organelles. However, @entity141 accumulation can impair mitochondrial function, leading to reduced @entity855 production and increased release of reactive @entity26 species (ROS). @entity66 contributes to @entity712 ( @entity712 ), but whether mitochondrial @entity141 plays a mechanistic role in @entity712 remains unresolved. Here, we show for the first time, to our knowledge, that diastolic SR @entity141 leak causes mitochondrial @entity141 overload and dysfunction in a @entity19 model of @entity1188 @entity712 . There are two forms of @entity141 release channels on cardiac SR: type 2 @entity8452 receptors ( @entity23395 s) and type 2 @entity671 receptors (IP3R2s). Using @entity19 models harboring @entity23395 mutations that either cause or inhibit SR @entity141 leak, we found that leaky @entity23395 channels result in mitochondrial @entity141 overload, dysmorphology, and malfunction. In contrast, cardiac-specific deletion of @entity63120 had no major effect on mitochondrial fitness in @entity712 . Moreover, genetic enhancement of mitochondrial antioxidant activity improved mitochondrial function and reduced posttranslational modifications of @entity23395 macromolecular complex. Our data demonstrate that leaky @entity23395 , but not @entity63120 , channels cause mitochondrial @entity141 overload and dysfunction in @entity712 .

title: Mitochondrial @entity460 overload is a key determinant in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity671 :: ('MESH:D015544', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Oxidative stress']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['postmyocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['Calcium']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: @entity460 ( @entity141 ) released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is crucial for excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. Mitochondria, the major source of energy, in the form of @entity855 , required for cardiac contractility, are closely interconnected with the SR, and @entity141 is essential for optimal function of these organelles. However, @entity141 accumulation can impair mitochondrial function, leading to reduced @entity855 production and increased release of reactive @entity26 species (ROS). @entity66 contributes to @entity712 ( @entity712 ), but whether mitochondrial @entity141 plays a mechanistic role in @entity712 remains unresolved. Here, we show for the first time, to our knowledge, that diastolic SR @entity141 leak causes mitochondrial @entity141 overload and dysfunction in a @entity19 model of @entity1188 @entity712 . There are two forms of @entity141 release channels on cardiac SR: type 2 @entity8452 receptors ( @entity23395 s) and type 2 @entity671 receptors (IP3R2s). Using @entity19 models harboring @entity23395 mutations that either cause or inhibit SR @entity141 leak, we found that leaky @entity23395 channels result in mitochondrial @entity141 overload, dysmorphology, and malfunction. In contrast, cardiac-specific deletion of @entity63120 had no major effect on mitochondrial fitness in @entity712 . Moreover, genetic enhancement of mitochondrial antioxidant activity improved mitochondrial function and reduced posttranslational modifications of @entity23395 macromolecular complex. Our data demonstrate that leaky @entity23395 , but not @entity63120 , channels cause mitochondrial @entity141 overload and dysfunction in @entity712 .

title: Mitochondrial XXXX overload is a key determinant in @entity712 .

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: AIM: To analyse the clinical features, laboratory data, foetal-maternal outcomes, and follow-up in a cohort of 247 @entity1 with @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ). METHODS: The European Registry on @entity12009 became a Registry within the framework of the European Forum on Antiphospholipid Antibody projects and placed on a website in June 2010. Cases with obstetric complaints related to aPL who tested positive for aPL prospectively and retrospectively were included. The three-year survey results are reported. RESULTS: 338 @entity1 with 1253 pregnancy episodes were included; 915 were historical and 338 were latest episodes. All these @entity1 tested positive for aPL. 247 of the 338 fulfilled the Sydney criteria. According to the laboratory categories, 84/247 were in category I, 42 in IIa, 66 in IIb and 55 in IIc. @entity532 other than foetal losses, appeared in 129 cases (52.2%). 192 (77.7%) had a live birth and 55 (22.3%) did not. The latter group of only 38 cases (69%) received adequate treatment and 17 (31%) did not. 177/247 (72%) @entity1 were put on heparin plus LDA. @entity715 appeared in two during pregnancy and in 14 during the puerperium. 7 (3%) @entity1 evolved to complete @entity1252 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1701 shows differential characteristics than classical @entity12009 . All laboratory test categories are needed to avoid false-negative diagnoses. In some cases, complement levels could act as a serological marker. @entity1701 has very good foetal-maternal outcomes when treated. @entity715 and progression to @entity1252 in mothers with @entity1701 are scarce compared with "classical @entity12009 ", suggesting that they have different aPL-mediated pathogenic mechanisms.

title: The European Registry on XXXX (EUROAPS): A survey of 247 consecutive cases.

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Obstetric complications']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome', 'OAPS']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombosis']

answer: @entity1701 :: (MESH:D016736,Disease) :: ['Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the impact of @entity2983 administration on inflammatory response in acute uncomplicated @entity4436 . METHODS: We conducted a single centre retrospective cohort study on @entity1 admitted to our surgical department between January 2012 and May 2014 with a computed tomography -confirmed diagnosis of acute uncomplicated @entity4436 . A total of 50 @entity1 were included in the analysis, 20 (study group) had received 3.2 g/d of @entity2983 starting from the day of admission in addition to the usual standard treatment, 30 (control group) had received standard therapy alone. Data was retrieved from a prospective database. Our primary study endpoints were: @entity1851 mean levels over time and their variation from baseline (  CRP) over the first three days of treatment. Secondary end points included: mean white blood cell and neutrophile count over time, time before regaining of regular bowel movements (passing of stools), time before reintroduction of food intake, intensity of lower @entity490 over time, analgesic consumption and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: @entity1 characteristics and inflammatory parameters were similar at baseline in the two groups. The evaluation of CRP levels over time showed, in treated @entity1 , a distinct trend towards a faster decrease compared to controls. This difference approached statistical significance on day 2 (mean CRP 6.0 +/- 4.2 mg/dL and 10.0 +/- 6.7 mg/dL respectively in study group vs controls, P = 0.055).   CRP evaluation evidenced a significantly greater increment of this inflammatory marker in the control group on day 1 (P = 0.03). A similar trend towards a faster @entity32 was observed evaluating the total white blood cell count. Neutrophile levels were significantly lower in treated @entity1 on day 2 and on day 3 (P < 0.05 for both comparisons). @entity2983 administration was also associated with an earlier reintroduction of food intake (median 1.5 d and 3 d, study group vs controls respectively, P < 0.001) and with a shorter hospital stay (median 5 d and 5.5 d, study group vs controls respectively, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Despite its limitations, this study suggests that @entity2983 may allow for a faster recovery and for a reduction of inflammatory response in acute uncomplicated @entity4436 .

title: Effect of oral @entity2983 on inflammatory response in acute uncomplicated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['resolution of inflammation']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['diverticulitis']

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['mesalamine', 'Mesalamine']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C reactive protein']

answer: @entity4436 :: (MESH:D004238,Disease) :: ['diverticulitis']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the impact of @entity2983 administration on inflammatory response in acute uncomplicated @entity4436 . METHODS: We conducted a single centre retrospective cohort study on @entity1 admitted to our surgical department between January 2012 and May 2014 with a computed tomography -confirmed diagnosis of acute uncomplicated @entity4436 . A total of 50 @entity1 were included in the analysis, 20 (study group) had received 3.2 g/d of @entity2983 starting from the day of admission in addition to the usual standard treatment, 30 (control group) had received standard therapy alone. Data was retrieved from a prospective database. Our primary study endpoints were: @entity1851 mean levels over time and their variation from baseline (  CRP) over the first three days of treatment. Secondary end points included: mean white blood cell and neutrophile count over time, time before regaining of regular bowel movements (passing of stools), time before reintroduction of food intake, intensity of lower @entity490 over time, analgesic consumption and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: @entity1 characteristics and inflammatory parameters were similar at baseline in the two groups. The evaluation of CRP levels over time showed, in treated @entity1 , a distinct trend towards a faster decrease compared to controls. This difference approached statistical significance on day 2 (mean CRP 6.0 +/- 4.2 mg/dL and 10.0 +/- 6.7 mg/dL respectively in study group vs controls, P = 0.055).   CRP evaluation evidenced a significantly greater increment of this inflammatory marker in the control group on day 1 (P = 0.03). A similar trend towards a faster @entity32 was observed evaluating the total white blood cell count. Neutrophile levels were significantly lower in treated @entity1 on day 2 and on day 3 (P < 0.05 for both comparisons). @entity2983 administration was also associated with an earlier reintroduction of food intake (median 1.5 d and 3 d, study group vs controls respectively, P < 0.001) and with a shorter hospital stay (median 5 d and 5.5 d, study group vs controls respectively, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Despite its limitations, this study suggests that @entity2983 may allow for a faster recovery and for a reduction of inflammatory response in acute uncomplicated @entity4436 .

title: Effect of oral XXXX on inflammatory response in acute uncomplicated @entity4436 .

answer: @entity2983 :: (MESH:D019804,Chemical) :: ['mesalamine']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the prevalence and the clinical characteristics of Asian @entity1 with @entity5202 . METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases for original studies, case series, and individual case reports of @entity5202 in Asian countries published from January 1980 to January 2015. We found 66 and 80 articles in the PubMed and Web of Science databases, respectively; 24 duplicate articles were removed. After excluding animal studies, articles not written in English, and meeting abstracts, 25 articles containing 217 @entity1 were selected for analysis. RESULTS: Sample size-weighted mean values were determined for all pooled prevalence data and clinical characteristics. The mean age of the adult @entity1 with @entity5202 was approximately 50 years, and 73% of these @entity1 were male. They frequently presented with @entity56 including @entity565 , @entity2023 , @entity5419 , and @entity483 . @entity565 was the most frequent comorbid @entity56 , occurring in 24% of @entity1 with @entity5202 . @entity1282 was the primary symptom reported; 44% of the @entity1 complained of @entity1282 . Although laboratory blood tests are not adequately sensitive for an accurate diagnosis of @entity5202 , endoscopic examinations revealed abnormal findings typical of this disease, including longitudinal furrows and concentric rings, in 82% of the cases. One-third of the cases responded to proton pump inhibitor administration. CONCLUSION: The characteristics of @entity5202 in Asian @entity1 were similar to those reported in Western @entity1 , indicating that this disease displays a similar pathogenesis between Western and Asian @entity1 .

title: Systematic review: XXXX in Asian countries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity5202 :: ('MESH:D057765', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchial asthma', 'bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'allergic disease']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia', 'dysphagia']

answer: @entity5202 :: (MESH:D057765,Disease) :: ['Eosinophilic esophagitis']


abstract: Preventing relapse to @entity734 is one of the struggles faced by clinicians in order to treat @entity1 with substance use disorders ( @entity4987 ). There is a large body of clinical evidence suggesting differential characteristics of the disorder in @entity1 and @entity1 , which is in line with preclinical findings as well. The aim of this study was to assess differences in relapse-like behavior in @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) seeking after a period of forced abstinence, which simulates the real clinical situation very well. Findings from such study might add new insights in gender differences in relapse mechanisms to previous studies, which employ a classical drug or cue-induced reinstatement procedure following the extinction training. Adult male and female @entity35 were used in IV self-administration procedure conducted in operant boxes using nose-poke operandi (Coulborn Instruments, USA). Active nose-poke resulted in activation of the infusion pump to deliver one intravenous infusion of @entity7865 (0.08   mg/kg). After baseline drug intake was established (maintenance phase), a period of forced abstinence was initiated and @entity35 were kept singly in their home cages for 14   days. Finally, one reinstatement session in operant boxes was conducted. Females were found to self-administer significantly lower dose of @entity7865 . The relapse rate was assessed as a number of active nose-pokes during the reinstatement session, expressed as a percentage of active nose-poking during the maintenance phase. Females displayed approximately 300% of active nose-pokes compared to 50% in males. This indicates higher vulnerability to relapse of @entity7865 seeking behavior in female @entity35 . This effect was detected in all females, independently of current phase of their estrous cycle. Therefore, this paradigm using operant drug self-administration and reinstatement of drug-seeking after forced abstinence model can be used for preclinical screening for potential new anti-relapse medications specific for @entity1 .

title: Sex Differences in the Reinstatement of XXXX Seeking after Forced Abstinence in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['methamphetamine']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

answer: @entity888 :: (MESH:D008694,Chemical) :: ['Methamphetamine']


abstract: Preventing relapse to @entity734 is one of the struggles faced by clinicians in order to treat @entity1 with substance use disorders ( @entity4987 ). There is a large body of clinical evidence suggesting differential characteristics of the disorder in @entity1 and @entity1 , which is in line with preclinical findings as well. The aim of this study was to assess differences in relapse-like behavior in @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) seeking after a period of forced abstinence, which simulates the real clinical situation very well. Findings from such study might add new insights in gender differences in relapse mechanisms to previous studies, which employ a classical drug or cue-induced reinstatement procedure following the extinction training. Adult male and female @entity35 were used in IV self-administration procedure conducted in operant boxes using nose-poke operandi (Coulborn Instruments, USA). Active nose-poke resulted in activation of the infusion pump to deliver one intravenous infusion of @entity7865 (0.08   mg/kg). After baseline drug intake was established (maintenance phase), a period of forced abstinence was initiated and @entity35 were kept singly in their home cages for 14   days. Finally, one reinstatement session in operant boxes was conducted. Females were found to self-administer significantly lower dose of @entity7865 . The relapse rate was assessed as a number of active nose-pokes during the reinstatement session, expressed as a percentage of active nose-poking during the maintenance phase. Females displayed approximately 300% of active nose-pokes compared to 50% in males. This indicates higher vulnerability to relapse of @entity7865 seeking behavior in female @entity35 . This effect was detected in all females, independently of current phase of their estrous cycle. Therefore, this paradigm using operant drug self-administration and reinstatement of drug-seeking after forced abstinence model can be used for preclinical screening for potential new anti-relapse medications specific for @entity1 .

title: Sex Differences in the Reinstatement of @entity888 Seeking after Forced Abstinence in XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Sprague-Dawley Rats']


abstract: Almond kernels are a rich source of @entity9541 , which are important compounds for @entity1 nutrition. The genetic control of @entity37161 content has not yet been documented in almond. Association mapping (AM), also known as linkage disequilibrium (LD), was applied to an almond germplasm collection in order to provide new insight into the genetic control of total and individual @entity5068 contents in kernels. Population structure analysis grouped the accessions into two principal groups, the Mediterranean and the non-Mediterranean. There was a strong subpopulation structure with LD decaying with increasing genetic distance, resulting in lower levels of LD between more distant markers. A significant impact of population structure on LD in the almond cultivar groups was observed. The mean r(2) -value for all intra-chromosomal loci pairs was 0.040, whereas, the r(2) for the inter-chromosomal loci pairs was 0.036. For analysis of association between the markers and phenotypic traits five models were tested. The @entity3628 ( @entity3628 ) approach using co-ancestry values from population structure and kinship estimates (K model) as covariates identified a maximum of 13 significant associations. Most of the associations found appeared to map within the interval where many candidate genes involved in the @entity5068 biosynthesis pathway are predicted in the @entity2486 genome. These findings provide a valuable foundation for quality gene identification and molecular marker assisted breeding in almond.

title: Association mapping for kernel XXXX content in almond.

entities_list: @entity3628 :: ('MESH:D004195', 'Disease') :: ['MLM', 'mixed linear model']

entities_list: @entity37161 :: ('CHEBI:28824', 'Chemical') :: ['phytosterol']

entities_list: @entity9541 :: ('MESH:D010840', 'Chemical') :: ['phytosterols']

answer: @entity37161 :: (CHEBI:28824,Chemical) :: ['phytosterol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Postoperative @entity1053 ( @entity1053 ) of bariatric surgery candidates remain relatively unexplored, and may have important implications for weight loss outcomes, treatment satisfaction, and education. METHODS: The 'Silhouette Figure Rating Scale' was administered to 69 consecutive female candidates. Self-perceived current and goal body shape and postoperative @entity1053 in four categories; "dream, "happy", "acceptable", and "disappointed" were examined. RESULTS: The mean age and BMI of the sample was 43.4        8.9  years and 48.8        7.0  kg/m(2). Self-ideal body shape discrepancy of 4.1        1.3 silhouettes was reported, indicating body image dissatisfaction. 53% incorrectly identified the silhouette associated with their actual BMI. Goal body shape (4.3        0.8 silhouettes) corresponded to a BMI figure 23.1  kg/m(2)- 26.2  kg/m(2). The postoperative "dream" (4.1        1.0 silhouettes), "happy" (5.0        0.8 silhouettes), "acceptable" (5.3        1.0 silhouettes), and "disappointed" (6.9        1.0 silhouettes) @entity1053 corresponded to silhouettes that were thinner than the thinnest silhouette clinically expected based on a 56.1% excess weight loss 1-year after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) or a 22.3% to 47.2% total body weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 seeking bariatric surgery experience body image dissatisfaction and misperceive their actual body size. @entity1053 do not correspond with evidence-based LSG weight loss outcomes.

title: Body shape expectations and self-ideal body shape discrepancy in XXXX seeking bariatric surgery: a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity1053 :: ('MESH:D001835', 'Disease') :: ['body shape expectations', 'BSE']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract @entity3935 periodic @entity912 is characterized by acute attacks of @entity4589 , @entity1371 , and @entity2743 . It is a medical emergency, as fatal and life-threatening @entity943 associated with @entity1371 has been reported. A 24-year-old @entity1 presented with severe lower @entity425 , which progressed to his trunk and arms. He denied any associated symptoms and had no history of a similar episode or predisposing condition. The physical examination was significant for bilateral @entity425 , more severe in the lower as compared to the upper extremities. The rest of the neurologic exam was normal. A small, smooth, nontender @entity5651 was palpated. Laboratory data was significant for a @entity972 level of 2.0 mEq/L. Final lab data revealed a thyroid panel consistent with @entity1378 . Once the @entity1 's @entity972 level normalized after repletion, he recovered his strength and was able to walk again. He was diagnosed with @entity3935 periodic @entity912 , a potentially lethal complication of @entity1378 . Because it is reversible with treatment of @entity1378 , it is imperative that this condition be considered, recognized and managed appropriately.

title: A case report of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4589 :: ('MESH:D012133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle paralysis']

entities_list: @entity3935 :: ('MESH:D013958', 'Disease') :: ['Thyrotoxic hypokalemic', 'thyrotoxic hypokalemic']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['thyrotoxicosis']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['extremity weakness']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemia']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity425 :: (MESH:D018908,Disease) :: ['sudden-onset upper and lower extremity weakness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and outcome of @entity2883 with @entity2883 (GPA) in pediatric @entity1 living in two regions (Southern and Central) of Poland. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of @entity1 hospital records from four large hospitals during a period from 1995 to 2013. @entity1 with confirmed diagnosis of GPA according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and EULAR/PRINTO/PRES criteria for GPA were analyzed. All @entity1 were subjected to clinical, laboratory, radiological and immunological assessment. RESULTS: During this 18-year period only 9 @entity1 with confirmed diagnosis of GPA (6 @entity1 , 3 @entity1 ) were identified. The average age of the disease onset was 12 years (range: 8-16 years). Average delay between first symptoms and diagnosis was approx. 20 months (range: 0-84 months). Organ system involvement at presentation included: kidneys 88.8% (8/9), lungs 77.7% (7/9), ear/nose/ throat 55.5% (5/9), gastrointestinal tract 55.5% (5/9), skin 44.4% (4/9), joints 22.2% (2/9), eyes 11.1% (1/9) and nervous system 11.1% (1/9). In 5 @entity1 disease course was progressive (constant progression of @entity1244 in one case, @entity454 in two, @entity740 stage IV in one and one @entity1 died due to @entity548 ). CONCLUSION: The majority of our @entity1 were females. Clinical features of pediatric GPA were similar to those described in adults. None of our @entity1 developed @entity5142 and in only 2 @entity1 saddle-nose deformity was observed. Although GPA was treated according to contemporary standards care, disease progression was observed in more than a half of @entity1 .

title: Clinical manifestation of pediatric XXXX with @entity2883 - the experience of two regions in Poland.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['polyangiitis', 'granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity5142 :: ('MESH:D007829', 'Disease') :: ['subglottic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['granulomatosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and outcome of @entity2883 with @entity2883 (GPA) in pediatric @entity1 living in two regions (Southern and Central) of Poland. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of @entity1 hospital records from four large hospitals during a period from 1995 to 2013. @entity1 with confirmed diagnosis of GPA according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and EULAR/PRINTO/PRES criteria for GPA were analyzed. All @entity1 were subjected to clinical, laboratory, radiological and immunological assessment. RESULTS: During this 18-year period only 9 @entity1 with confirmed diagnosis of GPA (6 @entity1 , 3 @entity1 ) were identified. The average age of the disease onset was 12 years (range: 8-16 years). Average delay between first symptoms and diagnosis was approx. 20 months (range: 0-84 months). Organ system involvement at presentation included: kidneys 88.8% (8/9), lungs 77.7% (7/9), ear/nose/ throat 55.5% (5/9), gastrointestinal tract 55.5% (5/9), skin 44.4% (4/9), joints 22.2% (2/9), eyes 11.1% (1/9) and nervous system 11.1% (1/9). In 5 @entity1 disease course was progressive (constant progression of @entity1244 in one case, @entity454 in two, @entity740 stage IV in one and one @entity1 died due to @entity548 ). CONCLUSION: The majority of our @entity1 were females. Clinical features of pediatric GPA were similar to those described in adults. None of our @entity1 developed @entity5142 and in only 2 @entity1 saddle-nose deformity was observed. Although GPA was treated according to contemporary standards care, disease progression was observed in more than a half of @entity1 .

title: Clinical manifestation of pediatric @entity2883 with XXXX - the experience of two regions in Poland.

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['polyangiitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The anterior communicating artery (ACoA) is the most frequent site of @entity438 location. Despite many studies the frequency of @entity439 occurrence with @entity154 is still poorly described. Moreover the significance of the A2 segment of anterior cerebral @entity432 has been neglected. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and types of variations of the anterior cerebral circulation in @entity1 with ACoA @entity439 and to analyze their relation to @entity439 occurrence in the Polish population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 50 @entity1 with an established radiological diagnosis of ACoA @entity439 and 100 healthy age- and sex-matched controls using Computed Tomgraphy Angio- graphy. Maximum Intensity and Volume Rendering Projections were used to examine the cerebral arterial circulation. Univariate logistic regression was used to determine the statistical association between ACoA complex anomalies and @entity439 occurrence. RESULTS: @entity1 in the study group had a significantly higher incidence of hypoplastic A1 seg- ment of the anterior cerebral artery (24% vs. 7%; p <0.01) and aplastic A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery (12% vs. 3%; p = 0.03). The frequency of @entity1347 or @entity3894 in the study group was 36%. There was a statistical trend regarding A2 segment @entity3894 / @entity509 as a potential predictor of ACoA @entity439 (6% vs. 1%; p = 0.07). CONCLUSION: Occurrence of an ACoA @entity439 is associated with @entity509 or @entity3894 of the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery. @entity1347 may potentially be associated with @entity439 formation.

title: Variations of the anterior communicating artery complex and occurrence of anterior communicating XXXX : A2 segment consideration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['anatomical anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['A1 segment hypoplasia', 'A2 segment anomalies']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery anomalies']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['artery aneurysm']


abstract: Metabolic efficiency of the liver of 16 @entity235 , mixed breed, sexually mature, of both sexes was studied in a lasting experiment. The animals were kept in cages without a run, divided into 3 groups - k, A6 and A12. They were fed an atherogenic diet for 6 and 12 months. Beside @entity165 pork fat and @entity6742 , the diet contained @entity3937 . Hepatic lipids were analysed by the method of thin-layer chromatography and densitometric measurements. The numerical results statistically verified have been given in mg/g of wet liver tissue taken from the right lobe, homogenized and extracted after the method of Folch et al. Pathomorphological changes in the abdominal aorta were evaluated macro- and microscopically. The magnitude of aortosclerotic changes was compared with mean values of hepatic lipids. The numerical values and the image of chromatographic distribution are shown in Table 1 and Figs 1, 2 and 3. After 6 month feeding, in group A6 the authors observed a considerable increase of hepatic lipids, preserved capability of @entity165 esterification and the occurrence of early atherosclerotic changes in the aorta. After 12 months, the level of lipids such as phospholipids, free @entity1718 , @entity1674 and free @entity165 increased. However, a turning point in the capability of @entity165 esterification was observed, which was expressed by a decrease of @entity8557 . In the abdominal aorta developed @entity731 marked with 2 and 3 pluses was found. It is concluded that beside @entity3937 and overloading highcaloric diet, lack of movement contributed to metabolic disturbances expressed by hepatopathy, @entity407 and aortosclerosis, which has a great influence in @entity235 on preservation of homeostasis of the organism.

title: [Effect of atherogenic diet on the liver lipid level and development of aortic sclerosis in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipemia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity6742 :: ('MESH:D019826', 'Chemical') :: ['cholic acid']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity8557 :: ('MESH:D002788', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol esters']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of the article was to analyze the years of potential life lost (YPLL) of @entity1 who died from @entity0 in the State of Parana, Southern Brazil. This was a temporal trend study (2000 to 2010) about the coefficients of mortality and the years of potential life lost in @entity1 aged 20 to 70 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were obtained through the database of the Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) and the National Mortality Information System. RESULTS: There was a loss of 125.075 YPLL due to @entity0 , with an average of 11.370 YPLL. Regarding @entity5 , the figure obtained was 91.625 YPLL from 2000 to 2010, with an average of 8.329 YPLL. Increased risk of @entity204 from @entity0 was observed for @entity1 aged 50 to 59 years, with a significant increase among those in the age group from 40 to 49 years. There was an increased rate of @entity5 among @entity1 40 to 69 years. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of @entity204 grows with increasing age, being higher from 40 years. Prevention is paramount for both @entity5 . Thus, preventive measures are required and a reassessment of political strategies should be adopted.

title: Years of potential life lost due to XXXX : a challenge for brazilian public policy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast and cervical cancer', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast and cervical cancer']


abstract: the etiology of @entity5990 is considered to be multifactorial, including biliary cholesterol hypersecretion, supersaturation and crystallization, stone formation, @entity1157 and mucus hypersecretion and gel formation. @entity1085 seems to be a key process that triggers the precipitation of cholesterol microcrystals from supersaturated lithogenic bile. the purpose of the current study was to determine whether ICLCs in the gallbladder were influenced by lithogenic bile. Gallbladder specimens were collected from 30 @entity1 (8 males and 22 females) who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic @entity5990 . The control group consisted of 25 consecutive @entity1 (11 males and 14 females) who received elective treatment for @entity788 . ICLCs were visualized in paraffin sections of gallbladders using double immunofluorescence protocol with monoclonal @entity2467 antibodies and mast cell tryptase. Cholesterol, phospholipid and bile acid concentrations were measured in bile samples obtained by needle aspiration from the gallbladder at the time of surgery. The number of ICLCs in the gallbladder wall was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (3. @entity19 .23 vs. 7.06    1.82 cell/FOV in the muscularis propria, P < 0.001) and correlated with a significant increase in the cholesterol saturation index. The glycocholic and taurocholic acid levels were significantly elevated in the control subjects compared with the study group. The results suggest that bile composition may play an important role in the reduction of ICLC density in the gallbladder.

title: Does bile protect or damage interstitial Cajal-like cells in the XXXX gallbladder?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['Gallbladder hypomotility']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic head tumors']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile stasis']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstone disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Opioid-induced cough during induction of general anesthesia is a common phenomenon. @entity34312 , a partial  -receptors agonist and k-receptors antagonist, has been documented effectively suppressing @entity3575 -induced cough in general anesthesia induction. However, the effect of @entity34312 on @entity681 -induced cough is still unknown. METHODS: A total of 370 @entity1 (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II), aged 18-70 years, undergoing elective surgery, were randomly divided into a control group (group C) and a @entity34312 group (group D) (n=185 in each group). @entity1 received @entity34312 0.1mg/kg or an equal volume of 0.9% normal saline 2min prior to intravenous @entity681 (0.5 g/kg). The incidence and reflex degree of cough in @entity1 were evaluated within 2min after the injection of @entity681 in anesthesia induction period. RESULTS: No @entity1 in group D had cough and 59 @entity1 in group C had cough (severity of cough: mild, 7%; moderate, 11.4%; severe, 13.5%). The occurrence and reflex degree of cough in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (P=0.000). The highest heart rate (HR) and invasive blood pressure (IBP) values were higher in group C than those in group D (P<0.01) within 2min after @entity681 administration, althought these values remained within safe limits. CONCLUSION: The results of current study suggest that administration of @entity34312 0.1mg/kg may effectively prevent the occurrence and reflex degree of @entity681 -induced irritating cough in general anesthesia induction in @entity1 .

title: XXXX prevents @entity681 -induced cough during general anesthesia induction: A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity681 :: ('MESH:D017409', 'Chemical') :: ['sufentanil']

entities_list: @entity34312 :: ('MESH:C010827', 'Chemical') :: ['dezocine', 'Dezocine']

answer: @entity34312 :: (MESH:C010827,Chemical) :: ['Dezocine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Opioid-induced cough during induction of general anesthesia is a common phenomenon. @entity34312 , a partial  -receptors agonist and k-receptors antagonist, has been documented effectively suppressing @entity3575 -induced cough in general anesthesia induction. However, the effect of @entity34312 on @entity681 -induced cough is still unknown. METHODS: A total of 370 @entity1 (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II), aged 18-70 years, undergoing elective surgery, were randomly divided into a control group (group C) and a @entity34312 group (group D) (n=185 in each group). @entity1 received @entity34312 0.1mg/kg or an equal volume of 0.9% normal saline 2min prior to intravenous @entity681 (0.5 g/kg). The incidence and reflex degree of cough in @entity1 were evaluated within 2min after the injection of @entity681 in anesthesia induction period. RESULTS: No @entity1 in group D had cough and 59 @entity1 in group C had cough (severity of cough: mild, 7%; moderate, 11.4%; severe, 13.5%). The occurrence and reflex degree of cough in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (P=0.000). The highest heart rate (HR) and invasive blood pressure (IBP) values were higher in group C than those in group D (P<0.01) within 2min after @entity681 administration, althought these values remained within safe limits. CONCLUSION: The results of current study suggest that administration of @entity34312 0.1mg/kg may effectively prevent the occurrence and reflex degree of @entity681 -induced irritating cough in general anesthesia induction in @entity1 .

title: @entity34312 prevents XXXX -induced cough during general anesthesia induction: A randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity681 :: (MESH:D017409,Chemical) :: ['sufentanil']


abstract: @entity14 is the third most common @entity5 in the United States. Proper and standardized pathologic staging is vital for prognostic assessment and impacts therapeutic decisions. The @entity5 Node @entity3 (TNM) staging system was developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) to be a data-driven, evidence-based staging system providing an accurate prediction of outcome. The AJCC 7th edition (2010) included several changes clarifying some issues and leading to new controversies. We aim to address selected challenging issues in @entity5 T staging, neoadjuvant treatment effects in @entity5 , and definition of lymph node vs @entity5 deposit. Serosal involvement in @entity14 is staged as T4, which is associated with decreased survival and may impact additional therapy decisions. Although careful sampling and sectioning are helpful, challenges remain in interpretation of @entity5 within 1   mm of serosal surface with a reaction. Elastic stain as a surrogate marker for serosal invasion has been studied, but its usefulness remains unclear. Some unique issues in @entity5 include the presence of serosa in proximal but not in distal @entity5 and post-neoadjuvant effects. @entity5 should be staged based on @entity5 cells rather than acellular @entity3558 pools. Additionally, @entity5 response should be graded only in primary @entity5 but not in lymph nodes or metastatic sites. The distinction between @entity5 deposits and lymph nodes has been modified in AJCC TNM from using size in the 5th edition, to the round contour in the 6th edition, to only features of residual lymph node architecture in the 7th edition. Interobserver variability remains but @entity5 deposits should be documented when present. The number of deposits should not be added to the total number of positive lymph nodes, and the N1c designation should only be used in cases without any positive lymph nodes. Future clarification will likely evolve as more data become available.

title: Serosal surfaces, @entity3558 pools, and deposits, Oh my: challenges in staging XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Tumor', 'rectal cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Metastasis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal carcinoma']


abstract: @entity14 is the third most common @entity5 in the United States. Proper and standardized pathologic staging is vital for prognostic assessment and impacts therapeutic decisions. The @entity5 Node @entity3 (TNM) staging system was developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) to be a data-driven, evidence-based staging system providing an accurate prediction of outcome. The AJCC 7th edition (2010) included several changes clarifying some issues and leading to new controversies. We aim to address selected challenging issues in @entity5 T staging, neoadjuvant treatment effects in @entity5 , and definition of lymph node vs @entity5 deposit. Serosal involvement in @entity14 is staged as T4, which is associated with decreased survival and may impact additional therapy decisions. Although careful sampling and sectioning are helpful, challenges remain in interpretation of @entity5 within 1   mm of serosal surface with a reaction. Elastic stain as a surrogate marker for serosal invasion has been studied, but its usefulness remains unclear. Some unique issues in @entity5 include the presence of serosa in proximal but not in distal @entity5 and post-neoadjuvant effects. @entity5 should be staged based on @entity5 cells rather than acellular @entity3558 pools. Additionally, @entity5 response should be graded only in primary @entity5 but not in lymph nodes or metastatic sites. The distinction between @entity5 deposits and lymph nodes has been modified in AJCC TNM from using size in the 5th edition, to the round contour in the 6th edition, to only features of residual lymph node architecture in the 7th edition. Interobserver variability remains but @entity5 deposits should be documented when present. The number of deposits should not be added to the total number of positive lymph nodes, and the N1c designation should only be used in cases without any positive lymph nodes. Future clarification will likely evolve as more data become available.

title: Serosal surfaces, XXXX pools, and deposits, Oh my: challenges in staging @entity14 .

answer: @entity3558 :: (100508689,Gene) :: ['mucin']


abstract: This paper reports a retrospective study of 477 @entity1 with @entity320 presenting in the south-east of Scotland (lat. 55 degrees-56 degrees N) between 1961 and 1976. The mean annual incidence during the period 1971 to 1976 was 4.6/100 000 with females affected almost twice as often as males. The incidence has probably increased in the last 10 years. The median age at presentation was in the sixth decade in both sexes and 88 per cent of @entity1 had clinical Stage 1 disease when first seen. Primary lesions on the female lower leg accounted for a third of all @entity5 . @entity320 was the most common growth pattern. The overall five year survival rate was significantly less for males (48 per cent) compared with females (67 per cent). Other factors which had an independent effect on prognosis were the age of the @entity1 , the site of the @entity5 , its thickness and mitotic rate. The thickness of the @entity75 was the best index of prognosis, with the five year survival rate ranging from 97 per cent for @entity1 with @entity5 less than 0.5 mm deep to 38 per cent for those with @entity5 thicker than 3.5 mm. Although the relationship between @entity5 depth and duration of signs before treatment was not investigated, it seems likely that better survival figures will be achieved more by earlier diagnosis and treatment than by any change in management.

title: XXXX in south-east Scotland.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous malignant melanoma', 'Superficial spreading melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous malignant melanoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity33 is a complex inflammatory reaction of the mucous membranes of the alimentary tract upon chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment in oncology @entity1 . @entity33 can be subdivided in oral and @entity344 ( @entity33 ). The damage to the gastrointestinal tract compromises the intestinal function and thereby the nutritional status and the quality of life, and eventually affects survival. The literature on @entity33 focuses mainly on adults. This review focuses on data available on @entity33 in @entity5 @entity1 . An evaluation of the clinical presentation and consequences of @entity33 in @entity1 is outlined. The review summarizes key issues for clinicians with respect to risk analysis for developing @entity33 and the diagnosis of this condition in @entity1 . Information on these issues is obtained from clinical trials in @entity1 and adults, and from animal models. Diagnostic tools and assessment of severity of @entity33 in @entity1 is elaborated on. Furthermore, the clinical management of the symptoms and consequences of @entity33 in @entity1 , with specific focus on nutritional support, are discussed.

title: Risk analysis, diagnosis and management of XXXX in @entity5 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['GI mucositis', 'mucositis', 'Mucositis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal mucositis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric cancer']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal mucositis']