abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of @entity14 . METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted based on a cohort of 64,693 subjects in Jiashan county, Zhejiang, China. One hundred and ninety-six cases of @entity14 were detected during a follow-up program for 10 years. Nine hundred and eighty non- @entity14 subjects were randomly selected from the cohort as controls. Univariate analysis and mutivariate non-conditional logistic regression were used to analyse associations between the exposure factors and @entity14 . RESULTS: The age of case group was significantly older than that of the control group. Moreover, the age at diagnose of @entity694 was significantly older than that of the @entity5 . Other than age, the final regression model showed that mucous blood stool history and @entity1586 history were significantly associated with @entity694 (OR = 2.961, 95% CI:1.202-7.298 and 8.941, 95% CI:1.820-43.926, respectively) while mixed sources of drinking water was found to be associated with @entity5 with a OR value of 1.823 (95% CI:1.024-3.247). CONCLUSION: The risk factors of @entity694 were different from that of the @entity5 . Age was an important factor influencing the incidence of both @entity694 and @entity5 . Mucous blood stool history and @entity1586 history were associated with @entity694 , while drinking mixed water was closely associated with @entity5 .

title: [Nested case-control study on the risk factors of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colon polyp']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical evaluation is a multifactorial process producing as many clinical scores as there are clinical dimensions. For a medicoeconomical analysis however, a single global score would be most useful. The aim of this work was to examine methods allowing relative quantification of items on multidimensional clinical scores in order to determine an appropriate solution for weighted @entity1423 . METHOD: Several techniques for item weighting, developed as part of a multi-criteria decision-making tool (AMCD Aide Multi-Crit  re    la D  cision), were examined. Two methods were applied to multidimensional assessment of disability in order to estimate the weight that should be assigned to each of its six items before aggregation in a unique score. The AHP method was used with an interview of 20 functional rehabilitation specialists. The Diakoulaki method was based on the observation of thirty @entity1 with @entity615 and in thirty @entity1 with vascular @entity1158 . RESULTS: The three weighting schemes were very different from the uniform weighting and were not correlated with each other. The items best weighted by the AHP method were "physical independence" and "mobility". For the Diakoulaki method, they were "social integration" and "economic independence" for the @entity615 @entity1 , and "awareness of the outside world" and "economic independence" for the vascular @entity1158 @entity1 . Application of these three weighting schemes to theoretical @entity1 produced very different assessments of global disability. CONCLUSIONS: Weighting schemes are useful to quantify the relative importance of individual clinical items. The choice of the weighting method is determinant and depends on the objective of the investigator. If the objective is a global score, the first step is to estimate the weight of the individual items, either when applying a validation process for a new multidimensional clinical score, or secondarily to adapt a validated score to a particular protocol.

title: [Management of multidimensional clinical scores: which solutions for XXXX ?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['chronic back pain']

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['items aggregation']

answer: @entity1423 :: (MESH:D001791,Disease) :: ['items aggregation']


abstract: Our aims were to itemize the clinical features and the outcome of @entity116 in the elderly, as well as any age and sex differences in its acquisition. Therefore, we compared the demographic and clinical data of 12 elderly (group 1) cases of @entity116 with 69 middle-aged @entity1 (group 2) and 12 @entity1 (group 3) suffering from the same disease. There was no significant difference between the site of entry and incubation period or in the clinical and paraclinical findings among the three groups of @entity1 . @entity1576 was found more commonly in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.0167 and p = 0.0006, respectively). It was also more common in group 2 than in group 3 (p = 0.0140). A mild form of @entity116 was more often detected in @entity1 than in middle-aged and elderly cases (p = 0.0213 and p = 0.0013, respectively). Severe @entity116 was seen more often in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.0167 and p = 0.0006, respectively). Despite this, the mortality rate was not statistically different among the three groups of @entity1 . Females were affected much less frequently than males with a female:male ratio of 1:3 in all three age groups. Our results suggest that elderly @entity1 are at higher risk of acquiring a more severe form of @entity116 and the subsequent development of @entity1576 . In addition, the disease is more common in males of all age groups, and age and sex have no apparent effect on the outcome of @entity1 with @entity116 .

title: XXXX in the elderly: is it different from that in younger age groups?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['Acute respiratory failure', 'acute respiratory failure']

answer: @entity116 :: (MESH:D013746,Disease) :: ['Tetanus']


abstract: The vascular endothelium plays a central role in the regulation of the arterial tone and in the control of the local hemostasis. It is also involved in the regulation of proliferation processes of the vascular wall. The presence of risk factors for @entity453 and/or manifest @entity731 are associated with an impairment of endothelium-dependent vasoregulation. Since the assessment of coronary vascular reactivity requires an invasive approach, it would be desirable to non- or semi-invasively evaluate blood flow regulation and its impairment by @entity731 processes. Indeed, @entity409 of the coronary arteries parallels endothelium-related impairment of vasoreactivity of the brachial artery. Analysis of flow-dependent dilatation of the brachial artery by means of ultrasound represents a non-invasive diagnostic tool to assess endothelium-mediated vasomotion. By means of venous strain gauge forearm occlusion plethysmography, it is possible to measure the blood flow in a semi-invasive way. The endothelium-mediated forearm blood flow response is obtained by the infusion of @entity934 into the brachial artery, whereas infusion of @entity1372 - @entity1854 provides information about the endothelium-independent vasodilator capacity of the forearm resistance vasculature. Assuming that the @entity731 process is a generalized disease, the assessment of the forearm blood flow by venous strain gauge occlusion plethysmography may provide some information applicable to the coronary circulation. However, the proof of a positive correlation between the degree of the impaired forearm blood flow responses measured by occlusion plethysmography and the extent of @entity453 and its disturbed vasoregulation remains to be established.

title: [Analysis of forearm circulation--a substitute for diagnosis of XXXX ?].

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease', 'coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']


abstract: We report a case complete @entity474 with severe @entity120 . The @entity1 was a @entity1 aged 2 years and 6 months with @entity1467 who had undergone pulmonary artery banding (PAB) 2 years previously. Postoperative catheterization after PAB showed severe @entity120 . Pulmonary resistance values were 9.3 and 7.3 units at 1 year and 5 months and 1 year and 9 months respectively. We performed re-PAB and lung biopsy when the @entity1 was 2 years and 6 months old. The biopsy specimen at re-PAB classified as Heath-Edwards grade 3 and had an IPVD score of 1.7, indicating tolerance to radical operation. Six months after re-PAB, pulmonary vascular resistance decreased a level at which radical operation could be performed safely. Radical operation was performed 1 year and 4 months after re-PAB. The post operative course was uneventful, and @entity120 did not occur. The lung biopsy at the final operation was classified as Heath-Edwards grade 3, had an IPVD score of 1.1, and showed improvement when compared with the pathological findings at re-PAB.

title: [Repair of complete @entity474 with severe XXXX --effect of re-pulmonary artery banding and analysis of lung biopsy: a case report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ["Down's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'pulmonary hypertensive crisis']

entities_list: @entity474 :: ('MESH:C562831', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular defect']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: We report a case complete @entity474 with severe @entity120 . The @entity1 was a @entity1 aged 2 years and 6 months with @entity1467 who had undergone pulmonary artery banding (PAB) 2 years previously. Postoperative catheterization after PAB showed severe @entity120 . Pulmonary resistance values were 9.3 and 7.3 units at 1 year and 5 months and 1 year and 9 months respectively. We performed re-PAB and lung biopsy when the @entity1 was 2 years and 6 months old. The biopsy specimen at re-PAB classified as Heath-Edwards grade 3 and had an IPVD score of 1.7, indicating tolerance to radical operation. Six months after re-PAB, pulmonary vascular resistance decreased a level at which radical operation could be performed safely. Radical operation was performed 1 year and 4 months after re-PAB. The post operative course was uneventful, and @entity120 did not occur. The lung biopsy at the final operation was classified as Heath-Edwards grade 3, had an IPVD score of 1.1, and showed improvement when compared with the pathological findings at re-PAB.

title: [Repair of complete XXXX with severe @entity120 --effect of re-pulmonary artery banding and analysis of lung biopsy: a case report].

answer: @entity474 :: (MESH:C562831,Disease) :: ['atrioventricular septal defect']


abstract: GOALS: This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of prolonged adjuvant @entity416 chemotherapy on survival of @entity356 after D2 gastrectomy. BACKGROUND: Inadequate evidence is available on optimal duration of chemotherapy and the number of administered cycles is generally based on @entity1 responsiveness and individual tolerability as well as physician preferences. STUDY: We randomly assigned 307 @entity356 @entity1 after D2 gastrectomy between January 2006 and December 2010 to XELOX group and Prolonged group. XELOX consisted of a 2-h intravenous infusion of @entity901 130mg/mg on day 1 and oral @entity416 1000mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1-14 of a 3-week cycle for eight cycles in half a year. In Prolonged group, @entity1 underwent extra oral @entity416 1000mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1-14 of a 3-week cycle for eight cycles after eight cycles of XELOX. The disease-free survival and overall survival were compared. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in 3-year disease-free survival (Prolonged group 56.6%, XELOX group 48.4%, P=0.0357). Subgroup analysis by TNM staging showed that @entity1 with @entity5 in the Prolonged group had significantly higher DFS (50.00% vs 40.96, P=0.0178) and @entity3012 (71.95% vs 57.83, P=0.0230) than that of @entity1 in the XELOX group. No grade 4 adverse effects or treatment-related @entity204 were reported. More @entity1 in the Prolonged group experienced @entity8566 than in the XELOX group. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged @entity416 chemotherapy prevents improves the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity5 after D2 gastrectomy.

title: Prolonged adjuvant XXXX chemotherapy improved survival of @entity5 after D2 gastrectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage IIIA gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity8566 :: ('MESH:D060831', 'Disease') :: ['hand-foot syndrome']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity416 :: (MESH:C110904,Chemical) :: ['capecitabine']


abstract: GOALS: This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of prolonged adjuvant @entity416 chemotherapy on survival of @entity356 after D2 gastrectomy. BACKGROUND: Inadequate evidence is available on optimal duration of chemotherapy and the number of administered cycles is generally based on @entity1 responsiveness and individual tolerability as well as physician preferences. STUDY: We randomly assigned 307 @entity356 @entity1 after D2 gastrectomy between January 2006 and December 2010 to XELOX group and Prolonged group. XELOX consisted of a 2-h intravenous infusion of @entity901 130mg/mg on day 1 and oral @entity416 1000mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1-14 of a 3-week cycle for eight cycles in half a year. In Prolonged group, @entity1 underwent extra oral @entity416 1000mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1-14 of a 3-week cycle for eight cycles after eight cycles of XELOX. The disease-free survival and overall survival were compared. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in 3-year disease-free survival (Prolonged group 56.6%, XELOX group 48.4%, P=0.0357). Subgroup analysis by TNM staging showed that @entity1 with @entity5 in the Prolonged group had significantly higher DFS (50.00% vs 40.96, P=0.0178) and @entity3012 (71.95% vs 57.83, P=0.0230) than that of @entity1 in the XELOX group. No grade 4 adverse effects or treatment-related @entity204 were reported. More @entity1 in the Prolonged group experienced @entity8566 than in the XELOX group. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged @entity416 chemotherapy prevents improves the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity5 after D2 gastrectomy.

title: Prolonged adjuvant @entity416 chemotherapy improved survival of XXXX after D2 gastrectomy.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage IIIA gastric cancer']


abstract: A psychrotolerant bacterial strain of @entity5134 , originally isolated from a glacial site in Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), has been investigated for laccase production under different culture conditions. The bacterial strain was found to grow between 4 to 45  C (opt. 25  C) and 3 to 14 pH (opt. 5 pH) on prescribed growth medium, coinciding with production of laccase in laccase producing medium. However, the production of laccase was more consistent toward alkaline pH. Laccase enzyme was partially purified using gel filtration chromatography. The molecular mass of laccase was determined ~53  kDa on native PAGE. The Km and Vmax values were determined to be 0.10  mM and 50.00   M  min(-1), respectively, with @entity16376 . Inoculum size (4.0% v/v at 1.5 O.D.) resulted in significantly higher production of laccase. @entity505 and @entity1568 sources also affected the laccase production significantly. All the @entity505 sources enhanced laccase production, xylose being the best enhancer (P   <   0.01). Among @entity1568 sources, organic sources were found to act as inhibitors (P   <   0.01), and among the in-organic sources only @entity35599 enhanced the laccase production. Low molecular weight organic solvents significantly (P   <   0.01) enhanced laccase production up to 24  h of incubation with a decline in later incubation period. Production of laccase by the psychrotolerant bacterium in wide range of temperature and pH is likely to have inference in biotechnological processes.

title: A psychrotolerant strain of XXXX (MTCC 4822) produces laccase at wide temperature and pH range.

entities_list: @entity5134 :: ('615', 'Species') :: ['Serratia marcescens']

entities_list: @entity35599 :: ('MESH:C031618', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitrate']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity505 :: ('MESH:D002244', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon', 'Carbon']

answer: @entity5134 :: (615,Species) :: ['Serratia marcescens']


abstract: The present study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of @entity1374 in the elderly, aged 65 years or older, in a community of southern Taiwan. By using the records of the local household registry, a sampling frame for the elderly population was constructed, and a sample of 1,400 subjects was drawn by simple random sampling. After the exclusion of nonresponse subjects, 917 subjects aged between 65 and 88 years (mean 71.9) were included in our survey. The serum thyrotropin levels of these @entity1 were measured by monoclonal antibodies TSH immunoradiometric assays. A normal range, 0.45-4.65 microU/ml, was determined from the middle 95% of the TSH distribution of 140 'disease-free' subjects. By reference to the normal range, 23 (2.51%) @entity1 had high (> 4.65 microU/ml), and 41 (4.47%) had low (< 0.46 microU/ml) TSH levels. The overall prevalence of @entity1374 in the sample was 6.98%. Of the 23 @entity1 with high TSH levels, 8 (34.8%) had low free T4 values (< 1.21 ng/dl), so-called @entity1375 , and of the 41 @entity1 with low TSH levels, only 1 (2.4%) had high T3 values, so-called T3 @entity2743 . Antithyroid antibodies were found in 56.5% of those with high TSH levels but only 12.2% of those with low TSH levels (odds ratio = 8.53, 95% confidence limits = 2.55-28.50, p < 0.001). This result indicates that @entity792 is still the major cause of @entity1375 in aged @entity1 . However, the prevalence of subclinical @entity1378 is higher than that of @entity1375 and it might relate to nonautoimmune factors.

title: Prevalence study of XXXX in the elderly of Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism', 'overt hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['thyrotoxicosis']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid dysfunction']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid dysfunction']


abstract: @entity9933 is an uncommon but life-threatening condition whose management is still debated. The rarity of this disease explains the lack of a standard management. Between 1986 and 1996, eight @entity1 younger than 1 year were referred to our Institution with a @entity6184 . The median age at operation was 3.15 months and the median weight was 4.5 kg. The diagnosis was made after an episode of @entity649 in all but one and was confirmed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The median length of @entity6184 was 24.5 mm (Ranges: 4-30 mm). Only one @entity1 was free from associated @entity65 . Tracheal repair was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass in all. In three it was achieved by pericardial augmentation of the stenosed area, in four by resection and end to end @entity254 and in one by sliding tracheoplasty. Concomitant cardiac repair was performed in six. Two @entity1 died after pericardial patch augmentation. In both, @entity204 was related to profound @entity519 due to patch collapse. Two @entity1 developed @entity256 after resection and end to end @entity254 . They both had stent placement and one required reoperation and underwent a sliding tracheoplasty. At a median follow-up of 21 months (Ranges: 6-120) all the survivors are doing well and are free from respiratory symptoms. Bronchoscopic evaluation revealed in all a widely patent @entity254 without @entity256 . In conclusion, @entity6184 in @entity1 remains a @entity75 . Surgical technique, whether resection and end to end @entity254 or sliding tracheoplasty offer better results and should be discussed according to the length of the @entity850 . Pericardial plasty should be used with caution.

title: Tracheoplasty in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['challenging lesion']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity6184 :: ('MESH:D014135', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity9933 :: ('MESH:C536975', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular defect']

answer: @entity9933 :: (MESH:C536975,Disease) :: ['congenital tracheal stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Differentiation between acute cortical and subcortical @entity385 may be problematic when cortical @entity64 presents without obvious @entity51 such as @entity2026 , neglect or @entity1805 . This study explores @entity64 risk factors and clinical variables that may assist in this differentiation. METHODS: Records of consecutive @entity1 with acute @entity385 , examined within 72 h of symptom onset, were reviewed. @entity64 type was verified by clinical course and follow-up imaging. @entity64 risk factors and acute examination findings were compared by odds ratios and positive predictive values for cortical and subcortical @entity64 . RESULTS: For 355 @entity1 studied, 237 had cortical @entity64 and 118 had subcortical @entity64 . Odds ratios for cortical @entity64 were highest for @entity955 by EKG (OR = 4.77, CI = 2.08-10.94), recent hospitalization (OR = 4.51, CI = 2.39-8.53) and nonalert mental status (OR = 4.50, CI = 2.29-8.87). Possible @entity558 , @entity741 and @entity1095 were also significant, but @entity101 , age and @entity6 were not significantly different for the @entity64 subtypes. @entity51 were absent in 19.4% of cortical @entity64 @entity1 on initial examination. Predictive models were generated based on the presence or absence of @entity51 and the interaction of significant risk factors with degree of @entity51 . CONCLUSIONS: There are clinical features that, in addition to initial examination, may help differentiate cortical from subcortical @entity385 . These features may be relevant to both diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to @entity64 .

title: Differentiation of acute cortical and subcortical XXXX by risk factors and clinical examination findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['cardioembolic condition']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['Cortical deficits', 'motor deficit', 'cortical deficits']

entities_list: @entity1805 :: ('MESH:D006423', 'Disease') :: ['hemianopia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4037 repair (LVHR) is a common procedure in abdominal surgery. Use of mesh has become the gold standard in the last decade because of significantly fewer recurrences. Subsequently, the attention shifted to reduce mesh related complications in the short- and long-term as well as to facilitate its handling and positioning. In continuation of our previous study, we conducted a final analysis about the use of the Ventralight    ST @entity547 patch (Davol Inc, Subsidary of C. R. Bard, Inc. Warwick, RI). METHODS: Prospectively collected data of 61 consecutive @entity1 ( @entity1 / @entity1 : 44/17) from July 2011 to October 2013 were analysed in this final study. @entity1 were evaluated clinically at four time points in total. At the final clinical check- up, 97% of the total study population was reassessed. The primary outcome parameter was recurrence. Secondary outcome parameters were described in terms of mesh related complications, @entity158 scores, and quality of life. RESULTS: Mean follow-up time was 23 months (range 16-44). Mean length of hospital stay was four days (range 2-17). There were no operative complications. Two @entity1 (both > 80 years old) died more than one year after the procedure because of a cardiovascular event. One morbidly @entity28 @entity1 (2%) treated for a recurrent incisional @entity547 showed a second recurrence at the last follow-up visit. A clinical significant seroma was observed in two @entity1 (3%) one month postoperatively. At last follow-up, two @entity1 (3%) reported persistent mild discomfort at one specific spot. There was a significant reduction in the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at the last follow-up visit compared to preoperative scores (3.01 vs. 0.27; P < 0.01). Quality of life measurements using the SF-36 questionnaire showed good results. CONCLUSION: This final analysis of long-term follow-up results on the use of the Ventralight    ST @entity547 patch in laparoscopic @entity4037 repair confirms our preliminary findings of the previous two reports. Use of the Ventralight    ST @entity547 patch is associated with good short- and long-term outcomes and can be considered as safe and feasible in LVHR.

title: Long-term Outcome on the use of the Ventralight    ST Hernia Patch in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['Laparoscopic ventral hernia', 'ventral hernia']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair']


abstract: Hemostasis is extremely important in neurosurgical procedures to prevent major postoperative bleedings and their catastrophic consequences. Emoxicel @entity18025 Retilight (Bioster, a.s., Czech Republic) is a sterile, resorbable, hemostatic reticulum, mainly used to stop capillary and @entity548 . The textile form of the hemostatic material allows, in several cases, perfect adjustment to the varied shape of the surgical cavities and of the epidural space to which it adheres when wet. @entity4461 effect is rapid, and complete hemostasis can be achieved in several minutes after application. This topical hemostatic agent is biocompatible, biodegradable, and highly resorbable. It has a hemostatic and antimicrobic effect. The main aim of this study was to verify the efficacy, broadness of use, and safety of this topical hemostatic in neurosurgical procedures. A total of 43 cases were included, 18 cranial and 25 spinal, and in only one case a postoperative epidural @entity548 was reported. A histopathologic study of the hemostatic was performed. No @entity56 were reported. Emoxicel was useful not only in stopping minor @entity548 , but also for @entity548 prevention in the postoperative period.

title: A Clinico-pathologic Study of Oxidized Cellulose as Topical XXXX Agent in Neurosurgery.

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['Hemostatic']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'venous bleeding']

answer: @entity4461 :: (MESH:D020141,Disease) :: ['Hemostatic']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3702 is one of the most common causes of disability and @entity204 in @entity1 younger than one year of age. The syndrome is the result of major mechanical forces affecting the head and central nervous system. The outcome for surviving @entity1 is often poor, with both physical and mental disabilities. @entity9872 has been reported as a finding after such shaking. The present case involves a one-month-old @entity1 who was brought to hospital by his father because of somnolence and feeding aversion. Radiological imaging revealed subdural haematomas, and fundoscopy found @entity5861 . During police interrogation, the father confessed to having shaken the @entity1 . Cranial ultrasonography subsequently showed increasing damage of the brain; the @entity1 's general condition worsened. Eight weeks after admission, he died due to @entity177 . Upon autopsy, the brain was @entity3202 , with massive @entity9007 . The case presented impressively shows the possible serious outcome of an admitted incident of shaking and emphasises the importance of an accurate education of parents about its severe and possible lethal consequences.

title: Long-term outcome in a case of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants', 'boy', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity3702 :: ('MESH:D038642', 'Disease') :: ['Shaken baby syndrome']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity5861 :: ('MESH:D012166', 'Disease') :: ['retinal haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pseudocystic changes of the parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity9872 :: ('MESH:D004678', 'Disease') :: ['Multicystic encephalomalacia']

answer: @entity3702 :: (MESH:D038642,Disease) :: ['shaken baby syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the repeatability of brain perfusion using dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI) with a variety of post-processing methods. METHODS: Thirty-two @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity463 were recruited. On a 3-T MRI using a dual-echo, gradient-echo spin-echo DSC-MRI protocol, the @entity1 were scanned twice 1 to 5 days apart. Perfusion maps including cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were generated using two contrast agent leakage correction methods, along with testing normalization to reference tissue, and application of arterial input function (AIF). Repeatability of CBV and CBF within @entity5 regions and healthy tissues, identified by structural images, was assessed with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and repeatability coefficients (RCs). Coefficients of variation (CVs) were reported for selected methods. RESULTS: CBV and CBF were highly repeatable within @entity5 with ICC values up to 0.97. However, both CBV and CBF showed lower ICCs for healthy cortical tissues (up to 0.83), healthy gray matter (up to 0.95), and healthy white matter (WM; up to 0.93). The values of CV ranged from 6% to 10% in @entity5 and 3% to 11% in healthy tissues. The values of RC relative to the mean value of measurement within healthy WM ranged from 22% to 42% in @entity5 and 7% to 43% in healthy tissues. These percentages show how much variation in perfusion parameter, relative to that in healthy WM, we expect to observe to consider it statistically significant. We also found that normalization improved repeatability, but AIF deconvolution did not. CONCLUSIONS: DSC-MRI is highly repeatable in high-grade @entity11 @entity1 .

title: Repeatability of Cerebral Perfusion Using Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast MRI in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['Glioblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the repeatability of brain perfusion using dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI) with a variety of post-processing methods. METHODS: Thirty-two @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity463 were recruited. On a 3-T MRI using a dual-echo, gradient-echo spin-echo DSC-MRI protocol, the @entity1 were scanned twice 1 to 5 days apart. Perfusion maps including cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were generated using two contrast agent leakage correction methods, along with testing normalization to reference tissue, and application of arterial input function (AIF). Repeatability of CBV and CBF within @entity5 regions and healthy tissues, identified by structural images, was assessed with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and repeatability coefficients (RCs). Coefficients of variation (CVs) were reported for selected methods. RESULTS: CBV and CBF were highly repeatable within @entity5 with ICC values up to 0.97. However, both CBV and CBF showed lower ICCs for healthy cortical tissues (up to 0.83), healthy gray matter (up to 0.95), and healthy white matter (WM; up to 0.93). The values of CV ranged from 6% to 10% in @entity5 and 3% to 11% in healthy tissues. The values of RC relative to the mean value of measurement within healthy WM ranged from 22% to 42% in @entity5 and 7% to 43% in healthy tissues. These percentages show how much variation in perfusion parameter, relative to that in healthy WM, we expect to observe to consider it statistically significant. We also found that normalization improved repeatability, but AIF deconvolution did not. CONCLUSIONS: DSC-MRI is highly repeatable in high-grade @entity11 @entity1 .

title: Repeatability of Cerebral Perfusion Using Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast MRI in @entity463 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: New insulin glargine 300 U  mL(-1) ( @entity9984 -300) is a basal insulin that shows more stable and prolonged pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles than insulin glargine 100  U  mL(-1) ( @entity9984 -100). This study used continuous @entity413 monitoring (CGM) to compare 24-h @entity413 profiles in a Japanese population using @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100. METHODS: This was an exploratory 8.4-week, single-center, 2-sequence, 2-period, open-label crossover study. Japanese adults with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) treated with basal-bolus insulin, with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.5-10.0% and median fasting self-monitored plasma @entity413 concentration  <=13  mmol  L(-1), were randomized to @entity9984 -300 followed by @entity9984 -100 (subgroup 1) or vice versa (subgroup 2), with no washout period. CGM was performed on the last 3  days of the screening period and each treatment period. Primary endpoint was comparison of 24-h @entity413 variability (area under the curve [AUC]mean_24  h) on the second day of each CGM measurement with @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100. Baseline and end of treatment period values for HbA1c, fasting plasma @entity413 (FPG) and daily basal/mealtime insulin doses were recorded. @entity4053 and adverse events (AEs) were recorded. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were randomized (10 to subgroup 1 and 10 to subgroup 2). @entity1 showed comparable @entity413 variability over 24  h (AUCmean_24  h during treatment with @entity9984 -300 or @entity9984 -100 (treatment ratio 0.96; 90% confidence interval 0.79, 1.16). HbA1c and FPG were generally stable across both treatment periods. There was a trend towards fewer @entity1 experiencing >= 1 @entity4053 event at any time (24  h) and at night (00:00-05:59  h) with @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100. Treatment-emergent AEs, reported by 9/20 (45%) and 4/20 (20%) @entity1 during @entity9984 -300 and @entity9984 -100 treatment, respectively, were unrelated to study medication. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of Japanese @entity1 with @entity6 , no between-treatment difference was observed in @entity413 variability with @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100, as measured by CGM. There was a trend for less @entity4053 with @entity9984 -300, particularly at night, versus @entity9984 -100. Both treatments were well tolerated. FUNDING: Sanofi, Tokyo, Japan. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01676233, ClinicalTrials.gov.

title: Continuous @entity413 Monitoring During Basal-Bolus Therapy Using Insulin Glargine 300  U  mL(-1) and Glargine 100  U  mL (-1) in Japanese @entity1 with XXXX : A Crossover Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus', 'T1DM']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoglycemia', 'hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: New insulin glargine 300 U  mL(-1) ( @entity9984 -300) is a basal insulin that shows more stable and prolonged pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles than insulin glargine 100  U  mL(-1) ( @entity9984 -100). This study used continuous @entity413 monitoring (CGM) to compare 24-h @entity413 profiles in a Japanese population using @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100. METHODS: This was an exploratory 8.4-week, single-center, 2-sequence, 2-period, open-label crossover study. Japanese adults with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) treated with basal-bolus insulin, with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.5-10.0% and median fasting self-monitored plasma @entity413 concentration  <=13  mmol  L(-1), were randomized to @entity9984 -300 followed by @entity9984 -100 (subgroup 1) or vice versa (subgroup 2), with no washout period. CGM was performed on the last 3  days of the screening period and each treatment period. Primary endpoint was comparison of 24-h @entity413 variability (area under the curve [AUC]mean_24  h) on the second day of each CGM measurement with @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100. Baseline and end of treatment period values for HbA1c, fasting plasma @entity413 (FPG) and daily basal/mealtime insulin doses were recorded. @entity4053 and adverse events (AEs) were recorded. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were randomized (10 to subgroup 1 and 10 to subgroup 2). @entity1 showed comparable @entity413 variability over 24  h (AUCmean_24  h during treatment with @entity9984 -300 or @entity9984 -100 (treatment ratio 0.96; 90% confidence interval 0.79, 1.16). HbA1c and FPG were generally stable across both treatment periods. There was a trend towards fewer @entity1 experiencing >= 1 @entity4053 event at any time (24  h) and at night (00:00-05:59  h) with @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100. Treatment-emergent AEs, reported by 9/20 (45%) and 4/20 (20%) @entity1 during @entity9984 -300 and @entity9984 -100 treatment, respectively, were unrelated to study medication. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of Japanese @entity1 with @entity6 , no between-treatment difference was observed in @entity413 variability with @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100, as measured by CGM. There was a trend for less @entity4053 with @entity9984 -300, particularly at night, versus @entity9984 -100. Both treatments were well tolerated. FUNDING: Sanofi, Tokyo, Japan. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01676233, ClinicalTrials.gov.

title: Continuous XXXX Monitoring During Basal-Bolus Therapy Using Insulin Glargine 300  U  mL(-1) and Glargine 100  U  mL (-1) in Japanese @entity1 with @entity6 : A Crossover Pilot Study.

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: New insulin glargine 300 U  mL(-1) ( @entity9984 -300) is a basal insulin that shows more stable and prolonged pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles than insulin glargine 100  U  mL(-1) ( @entity9984 -100). This study used continuous @entity413 monitoring (CGM) to compare 24-h @entity413 profiles in a Japanese population using @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100. METHODS: This was an exploratory 8.4-week, single-center, 2-sequence, 2-period, open-label crossover study. Japanese adults with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) treated with basal-bolus insulin, with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.5-10.0% and median fasting self-monitored plasma @entity413 concentration  <=13  mmol  L(-1), were randomized to @entity9984 -300 followed by @entity9984 -100 (subgroup 1) or vice versa (subgroup 2), with no washout period. CGM was performed on the last 3  days of the screening period and each treatment period. Primary endpoint was comparison of 24-h @entity413 variability (area under the curve [AUC]mean_24  h) on the second day of each CGM measurement with @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100. Baseline and end of treatment period values for HbA1c, fasting plasma @entity413 (FPG) and daily basal/mealtime insulin doses were recorded. @entity4053 and adverse events (AEs) were recorded. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were randomized (10 to subgroup 1 and 10 to subgroup 2). @entity1 showed comparable @entity413 variability over 24  h (AUCmean_24  h during treatment with @entity9984 -300 or @entity9984 -100 (treatment ratio 0.96; 90% confidence interval 0.79, 1.16). HbA1c and FPG were generally stable across both treatment periods. There was a trend towards fewer @entity1 experiencing >= 1 @entity4053 event at any time (24  h) and at night (00:00-05:59  h) with @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100. Treatment-emergent AEs, reported by 9/20 (45%) and 4/20 (20%) @entity1 during @entity9984 -300 and @entity9984 -100 treatment, respectively, were unrelated to study medication. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of Japanese @entity1 with @entity6 , no between-treatment difference was observed in @entity413 variability with @entity9984 -300 versus @entity9984 -100, as measured by CGM. There was a trend for less @entity4053 with @entity9984 -300, particularly at night, versus @entity9984 -100. Both treatments were well tolerated. FUNDING: Sanofi, Tokyo, Japan. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01676233, ClinicalTrials.gov.

title: Continuous @entity413 Monitoring During Basal-Bolus Therapy Using Insulin Glargine 300  U  mL(-1) and Glargine 100  U  mL (-1) in Japanese XXXX with @entity6 : A Crossover Pilot Study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['People']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence supports high prevalence of @entity2521 in @entity1 with @entity740 . Several renal factors have been proposed as possible modifiers of @entity2521 pathogenesis in this population. In this cross sectional study, we investigated whether distinct microbial profiles in renal @entity1 could explain high @entity2521 prevalence. METHODS: We characterized the subgingival microbiome in 14 @entity454 ( @entity454 ) and 13 control individuals with @entity7278 with similar demographic and clinical parameters. Medical, demographic and periodontal parameters were recorded. Subgingival biofilm samples were collected from the deepest pocket in two different quadrants and characterized via 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. RESULTS: We found 874 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTU) across samples. Renal and control groups did not differ in the individual proportions of @entity2521 -associated taxa. However, in principal coordinate plots of distance among samples based on OTU prevalence, some renal @entity1 clustered apart from controls, with the microbial communities of these outlier subjects showing less diversity. Univariate correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between dialysis vintage and community diversity. CONCLUSIONS: Within the study limitations, dialysis vintage was associated with a less diverse periodontal microbial community in @entity454 suggesting the need for further research.

title: XXXX as a modifier of the periodontal microbiome.

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['ESRD', 'End Stage Renal Disease']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['End stage renal disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify central loci that activate in response to visceral stimuli (stool and @entity158 ). We had a particular interest in observing the anterior cingulate gyrus and frontal cortex in normals and in @entity1 with @entity1944 , including @entity29 ( @entity29 ) and @entity1744 ( @entity1744 ). METHODS: Subjects underwent @entity661 to a sensation of stool and to a sensation of @entity158 while undergoing blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Experiments were conducted in a Magnex 3.0-T whole body magnet with a Bruker Biospec console and a quadrature head coil. Four contiguous 5.0-mm oblique axial slices designed to optimize coverage of areas believed to be responsive to noxious stimulation were acquired. Activations were detected by using cross-correlation maps (p < 0.001) for individual subjects. The experimental groups were compared using both an analysis of variance and profile analysis. RESULTS: A significantly higher percentage of pixels activated in the anterior cingulate gyrus over both @entity158 and stool conditions for the control group than for the @entity1744 group and for the @entity1744 group than for the @entity29 group (p < 0.035). Deactivation of left somatosensory cortex was greater for the @entity1744 group than for the @entity29 group and greater for the @entity29 group than for the controls (p < 0.0065) in the @entity558 . Frontal deactivation in controls compared with disease groups bordered on statistical significance. Profile analysis of the three groups across six regions of interest revealed that the control and @entity29 groups were distinguished by different profiles of response (p < 0.005). Nonparametric evaluation of the data suggests that, among the pixels in the anterior cingulate activating to @entity158 , there are two patterns of response to @entity158 -on/off and graded. This was true for both controls and disease groups. CONCLUSIONS: Normal controls and subjects with @entity29 and @entity1744 share similar loci of activations to visceral sensations of stool and @entity158 . Both activation and deactivation of particular regions of interest differentiate the three groups, as do profiles of patterned response across six of the regions of interest for the control and @entity29 groups.

title: Cortical mapping of visceral pain in XXXX with GI disorders using functional magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal disease']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['boxcar condition']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['rectal balloon distention']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['irritable bowel syndrome', 'IBS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to characterize the evolution, during maturational growth and early ageing, of the messenger abundance of four genes involved in cardiac @entity82 regulation (procollagens alpha2(I) and alpha1(III), transforming growth factors beta1, and beta3) and corroborate it with the alterations in collagen deposition in cardiac interstitium and around coronary arteries. METHODS: Messenger RNA was quantified in LV and RV of 2-, 6-, 12- and 19-month-old male @entity35 (n = 5 per group) with Northern blot analysis. Collagen deposition was quantified with a semi-automated image analyser on Sirius red-stained sections of LV tissue. RESULTS: There was an age-related monotonous decrease of procollagen type I (COL-I) transcript abundance in LV (p < 0.001) but not in RV. Procollagen type III (COL-III) expression decreased rapidly during maturational growth, both in LV and RV. On the other hand, collagen deposition in myocardial interstitium and around coronary arteries was slightly augmented during the maturational period of life (2-12 months), but with a higher rate during early ageing (up to 19 months). This was not accompanied by a significant thickening of the wall of coronary arteries. @entity1810 , ( @entity1810 ) and @entity19255 ( @entity19255 ) transcript abundance showed no major variations during ageing. CONCLUSIONS: These results reflect a striking ventricular difference regarding the age-dependent expression of COL-I. The expression of @entity1810 (s), pleiotropic factors known to influence collagen pathway at different levels, does not seem to be profoundly altered during ageing. The discrepancy between protein and COL-I and COL-III mRNA levels indicates differences in age-related mRNA stability and/or regulation of collagen translation.

title: Age-dependent expression of XXXX -related genes and collagen deposition in the @entity35 myocardium.

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1810 :: ('59086(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['Transforming growth factor beta1', 'TGF-beta1', 'TGF-beta']

entities_list: @entity19255 :: ('25717(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-beta3', 'transforming growth factor beta3']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to characterize the evolution, during maturational growth and early ageing, of the messenger abundance of four genes involved in cardiac @entity82 regulation (procollagens alpha2(I) and alpha1(III), transforming growth factors beta1, and beta3) and corroborate it with the alterations in collagen deposition in cardiac interstitium and around coronary arteries. METHODS: Messenger RNA was quantified in LV and RV of 2-, 6-, 12- and 19-month-old male @entity35 (n = 5 per group) with Northern blot analysis. Collagen deposition was quantified with a semi-automated image analyser on Sirius red-stained sections of LV tissue. RESULTS: There was an age-related monotonous decrease of procollagen type I (COL-I) transcript abundance in LV (p < 0.001) but not in RV. Procollagen type III (COL-III) expression decreased rapidly during maturational growth, both in LV and RV. On the other hand, collagen deposition in myocardial interstitium and around coronary arteries was slightly augmented during the maturational period of life (2-12 months), but with a higher rate during early ageing (up to 19 months). This was not accompanied by a significant thickening of the wall of coronary arteries. @entity1810 , ( @entity1810 ) and @entity19255 ( @entity19255 ) transcript abundance showed no major variations during ageing. CONCLUSIONS: These results reflect a striking ventricular difference regarding the age-dependent expression of COL-I. The expression of @entity1810 (s), pleiotropic factors known to influence collagen pathway at different levels, does not seem to be profoundly altered during ageing. The discrepancy between protein and COL-I and COL-III mRNA levels indicates differences in age-related mRNA stability and/or regulation of collagen translation.

title: Age-dependent expression of @entity82 -related genes and collagen deposition in the XXXX myocardium.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Bare-metal stents are used to treat arterial stenotic lesions. Morbidity and mortality are less important compared with other techniques. @entity661 are often used to treat stent @entity850 . We reported the case of a bare-metal stent infection after drug-eluting balloon and a review on the subject. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Two weeks after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with @entity1311 -eluting balloon and a bare-metal stent, our @entity1 presented an infection of the stent. Diagnosis was based on the clinical presentation, positron emission tomography findings and isolation of @entity31048 in repeated blood cultures. Adapted antibiotic therapy was given for three months with removal of the surgical bare-stent. Antibiotic therapy was interrupted after a second positron emission tomography. A literature search (PubMed and Cochrane) was performed on the subject. RESULTS: We found 49  cases of peripheral bare-metal stent infection including our @entity1 . This is a rare but serious complication with a high morbidity (25% amputation rate) and mortality (30%). It seems to be underestimated. Treatment is based on surgical ablation of the bare-metal stent and intravenous antibiotics. The role of the @entity1311 -eluting balloon is not clearly established but some authors believe that it can produce a local immunosuppression. CONCLUSION: We report the first case of bare-metal stent infection after @entity1311 -eluting balloon. This complication is rare and difficult to diagnose. Manifestations are often limited to skin signs. Functional and vital prognosis is poor.

title: [ XXXX bare-metal stent infection after drug-eluting balloon].

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['Drug-eluting balloons']

entities_list: @entity31048 :: ('33011', 'Species') :: ['Propionibacterium granulosum']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity31048 :: (33011,Species) :: ['Propionibacterium granulosum']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study used image processing techniques to quantify the @entity3066 of @entity1 with Graves upper eyelid retraction and @entity1736 . DESIGN: The study design was a cross-sectional study. @entity1 : A total of 29 @entity1 with @entity2743 , 22 @entity1 with @entity1736 , and 50 @entity1 with no history of @entity2194 participated. INTERVENTION: The images of the palpebral fissure of all @entity1 were transferred to a personal computer and processed with NIH Image 1.55 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following parameters were analyzed: the curvature of the @entity3066 , the position of the contour peak relative to the midline, and the ratio between the temporal and nasal upper quadrant areas of the palpebral fissure. RESULTS: All @entity3066 could be fitted with second-degree polynomial functions. The mean temporal/nasal area ratio was 1.33 mm in @entity1 with @entity2743 , 0.92 mm in @entity1 with @entity1736 , and 1.04 mm in control subjects. The peak of the @entity3066 was found to be lateral to the midline in control subjects (1.05 mm) and in @entity1 with @entity2743 (2.09 mm). In @entity1 with @entity1736 , the peak was 0.69 mm medial to the midline. Overall, the distance between the midpupil and the upper eyelid margin was correlated with several factors: the degree of curvature, the position of the peak of the eyelid contour, and the temporal/nasal area ratio. CONCLUSIONS: In Graves eyelid retraction, the curvature of the upper eyelid is enhanced, the peak of the contour is displaced laterally, and the temporal upper quadrant area is increased. Conversely, in @entity1736 , the eyelid is almost flat, the peak of the contour is displaced medially, and the upper quadrant area is diminished. The lateral segment of the upper eyelid is more involved than the nasal segment in both Graves upper eyelid retraction and @entity1736 .

title: Digital image processing measurement of the XXXX in @entity2743 and @entity1736 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye disease']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['Graves disease']

entities_list: @entity3066 :: ('MESH:D005141', 'Disease') :: ['upper eyelid contour', 'upper eyelid contours']

entities_list: @entity1736 :: ('MESH:D001763', 'Disease') :: ['congenital blepharoptosis', 'blepharoptosis']

answer: @entity3066 :: (MESH:D005141,Disease) :: ['upper eyelid contour']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study used image processing techniques to quantify the @entity3066 of @entity1 with Graves upper eyelid retraction and @entity1736 . DESIGN: The study design was a cross-sectional study. @entity1 : A total of 29 @entity1 with @entity2743 , 22 @entity1 with @entity1736 , and 50 @entity1 with no history of @entity2194 participated. INTERVENTION: The images of the palpebral fissure of all @entity1 were transferred to a personal computer and processed with NIH Image 1.55 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following parameters were analyzed: the curvature of the @entity3066 , the position of the contour peak relative to the midline, and the ratio between the temporal and nasal upper quadrant areas of the palpebral fissure. RESULTS: All @entity3066 could be fitted with second-degree polynomial functions. The mean temporal/nasal area ratio was 1.33 mm in @entity1 with @entity2743 , 0.92 mm in @entity1 with @entity1736 , and 1.04 mm in control subjects. The peak of the @entity3066 was found to be lateral to the midline in control subjects (1.05 mm) and in @entity1 with @entity2743 (2.09 mm). In @entity1 with @entity1736 , the peak was 0.69 mm medial to the midline. Overall, the distance between the midpupil and the upper eyelid margin was correlated with several factors: the degree of curvature, the position of the peak of the eyelid contour, and the temporal/nasal area ratio. CONCLUSIONS: In Graves eyelid retraction, the curvature of the upper eyelid is enhanced, the peak of the contour is displaced laterally, and the temporal upper quadrant area is increased. Conversely, in @entity1736 , the eyelid is almost flat, the peak of the contour is displaced medially, and the upper quadrant area is diminished. The lateral segment of the upper eyelid is more involved than the nasal segment in both Graves upper eyelid retraction and @entity1736 .

title: Digital image processing measurement of the @entity3066 in XXXX and @entity1736 .

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study used image processing techniques to quantify the @entity3066 of @entity1 with Graves upper eyelid retraction and @entity1736 . DESIGN: The study design was a cross-sectional study. @entity1 : A total of 29 @entity1 with @entity2743 , 22 @entity1 with @entity1736 , and 50 @entity1 with no history of @entity2194 participated. INTERVENTION: The images of the palpebral fissure of all @entity1 were transferred to a personal computer and processed with NIH Image 1.55 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following parameters were analyzed: the curvature of the @entity3066 , the position of the contour peak relative to the midline, and the ratio between the temporal and nasal upper quadrant areas of the palpebral fissure. RESULTS: All @entity3066 could be fitted with second-degree polynomial functions. The mean temporal/nasal area ratio was 1.33 mm in @entity1 with @entity2743 , 0.92 mm in @entity1 with @entity1736 , and 1.04 mm in control subjects. The peak of the @entity3066 was found to be lateral to the midline in control subjects (1.05 mm) and in @entity1 with @entity2743 (2.09 mm). In @entity1 with @entity1736 , the peak was 0.69 mm medial to the midline. Overall, the distance between the midpupil and the upper eyelid margin was correlated with several factors: the degree of curvature, the position of the peak of the eyelid contour, and the temporal/nasal area ratio. CONCLUSIONS: In Graves eyelid retraction, the curvature of the upper eyelid is enhanced, the peak of the contour is displaced laterally, and the temporal upper quadrant area is increased. Conversely, in @entity1736 , the eyelid is almost flat, the peak of the contour is displaced medially, and the upper quadrant area is diminished. The lateral segment of the upper eyelid is more involved than the nasal segment in both Graves upper eyelid retraction and @entity1736 .

title: Digital image processing measurement of the @entity3066 in @entity2743 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1736 :: (MESH:D001763,Disease) :: ['congenital blepharoptosis']


abstract: @entity1 @entity7247 or @entity25 is resurgent [1,2]. The disease is caused by subspecies of the parasitic haemoflagellate, @entity3177 . Infection starts with the bite of an infected tsetse @entity238 (Glossina spp.). Parasites move from the site of @entity281 to the draining lymphatic vessels and blood stream. The parasites proliferate within the bloodstream and later invade other tissues including the central nervous system. Once they have established themselves within the CNS, a progressive @entity16 . @entity772 precedes @entity204 during this late phase. Two forms of the disease are recognised, one caused by @entity3177 rhodesiense, endemic in Eastern and Southern Africa, in which parasites rapidly invade the CNS causing @entity204 within weeks if untreated. T. b. gambiense, originally described in West Africa, but also widespread in Central Africa, proliferates more slowly and can take several years before establishing a CNS-involved @entity281 . Many countries are in the midst of epidemics caused by gambiense-type parasites. Four drugs have been licensed to treat the disease [3]; two of them, @entity7341 and @entity5747 , are used prior to CNS involvement. The @entity3494 -based drug, @entity26922 is used once parasites are established in the CNS. The fourth, @entity11747 , is effective against late stage disease caused by T. b. gambiense, but is ineffective against T. b. rhodesiense. Another drug, @entity16580 is licensed for South American @entity7246 but also been used in trials against @entity26922 -refractory late sage disease. This review focuses on what is known about modes of action of current drugs and discusses targets for future drug development.

title: Chemotherapy of @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7246 :: ('MESH:D014352', 'Disease') :: ['trypanosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleeping sickness']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['breakdown of neurological function accompanies the disease']

entities_list: @entity3177 :: ('5691', 'Species') :: ['Trypanosoma brucei']

entities_list: @entity16580 :: ('MESH:D009547', 'Chemical') :: ['nifurtimox']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity7341 :: ('MESH:D010419', 'Chemical') :: ['pentamidine']

entities_list: @entity26922 :: ('MESH:D008549', 'Chemical') :: ['melarsoprol']

entities_list: @entity7247 :: ('MESH:D014353', 'Disease') :: ['African trypanosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity11747 :: ('CHEBI:41948', 'Chemical') :: ['eflornithine']

answer: @entity7247 :: (MESH:D014353,Disease) :: ['African trypanosomiasis']


abstract: @entity1 @entity7247 or @entity25 is resurgent [1,2]. The disease is caused by subspecies of the parasitic haemoflagellate, @entity3177 . Infection starts with the bite of an infected tsetse @entity238 (Glossina spp.). Parasites move from the site of @entity281 to the draining lymphatic vessels and blood stream. The parasites proliferate within the bloodstream and later invade other tissues including the central nervous system. Once they have established themselves within the CNS, a progressive @entity16 . @entity772 precedes @entity204 during this late phase. Two forms of the disease are recognised, one caused by @entity3177 rhodesiense, endemic in Eastern and Southern Africa, in which parasites rapidly invade the CNS causing @entity204 within weeks if untreated. T. b. gambiense, originally described in West Africa, but also widespread in Central Africa, proliferates more slowly and can take several years before establishing a CNS-involved @entity281 . Many countries are in the midst of epidemics caused by gambiense-type parasites. Four drugs have been licensed to treat the disease [3]; two of them, @entity7341 and @entity5747 , are used prior to CNS involvement. The @entity3494 -based drug, @entity26922 is used once parasites are established in the CNS. The fourth, @entity11747 , is effective against late stage disease caused by T. b. gambiense, but is ineffective against T. b. rhodesiense. Another drug, @entity16580 is licensed for South American @entity7246 but also been used in trials against @entity26922 -refractory late sage disease. This review focuses on what is known about modes of action of current drugs and discusses targets for future drug development.

title: Chemotherapy of XXXX @entity7247 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus requires activity-dependent gene expression. We have therefore profiled gene expression in area @entity4778 following the induction of an electroshock-evoked maximal @entity410 . Using cDNA microarrays, the differential expression of approximately 9000 cDNAs was examined. In situ hybridization on 14 transcripts that showed strongest modulation in the microarray screen (1.8-2-fold) confirmed the differential expression of a single gene that encodes for the nuclear hormone receptor @entity39769 ( @entity39769 , @entity39769 ). Although this gene is only modestly up-regulated (approximately 2-fold) in area @entity4778 , in situ hybridization revealed that maximal @entity410 induce a marked (approximately 12-fold) up-regulation of @entity39769 in the dentate gyrus. These data support the notion [French et al. (2001) Eur. J. Neurosci., 13, 968-976] that @entity4778 pyramidal neurons are more refractory than granule cells of the dentate gyrus with respect to activity-dependent gene transcription. Furthermore, our results argue against a large cohort of activity-dependent genes in area @entity4778 .

title: XXXX -induced gene expression in area @entity4778 of the mouse hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['Seizure']


abstract: Synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus requires activity-dependent gene expression. We have therefore profiled gene expression in area @entity4778 following the induction of an electroshock-evoked maximal @entity410 . Using cDNA microarrays, the differential expression of approximately 9000 cDNAs was examined. In situ hybridization on 14 transcripts that showed strongest modulation in the microarray screen (1.8-2-fold) confirmed the differential expression of a single gene that encodes for the nuclear hormone receptor @entity39769 ( @entity39769 , @entity39769 ). Although this gene is only modestly up-regulated (approximately 2-fold) in area @entity4778 , in situ hybridization revealed that maximal @entity410 induce a marked (approximately 12-fold) up-regulation of @entity39769 in the dentate gyrus. These data support the notion [French et al. (2001) Eur. J. Neurosci., 13, 968-976] that @entity4778 pyramidal neurons are more refractory than granule cells of the dentate gyrus with respect to activity-dependent gene transcription. Furthermore, our results argue against a large cohort of activity-dependent genes in area @entity4778 .

title: @entity410 -induced gene expression in area XXXX of the mouse hippocampus.

answer: @entity4778 :: (12346(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['CA1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Individuals with @entity1467 (DS) have great difficulty in learning mathematics. In recent years, research has focused on investigating whether precursors of later mathematical competence, such as estimating and comparing numerosities, are preserved in DS. Although studies have suggested a strong relationship between the ability to compare continuous quantities (e.g., area of an object) and that of comparing numerosities, it is still unknown whether this ability is preserved in DS. This study investigated the abilities of individuals with DS to compare area and number and contrasted them with those of two control groups of typically developing individuals. @entity1 were 16 individuals with DS, 16 typically developing individuals matched by mental age ( @entity2704 group), and 16 typically developing individuals matched by chronological age (CA group). All @entity1 performed two eye-tracking tasks: an Area Comparison Task (ACT) and a Number Comparison Task (NCT). Stimuli in the two tasks differed in the same ratio to enable comparison of individual performance across both tasks. The results showed that in general, the performance of the three groups was better in the ACT than in the NCT. Critically, performance of individuals with DS in both tasks was consistent with that of individuals with the same @entity2704 . The study shows that the abilities to compare area and numerosity are both preserved in DS, and that individuals with this syndrome, like typically developing individuals, show better performance in comparing area than number.

title: Numerical and area comparison abilities in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ['Down syndrome']

answer: @entity1467 :: (MESH:D004314,Disease) :: ['Down syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of @entity778 (HSV) @entity1014 kinase (TK)/ @entity4540 (GCV)-mediated suicide effect obtained in three different cell lines and the ways in which this system-mediated cell killing occurs. METHODS: Recombinant retroviral vector expressing HSV-TK was transduced into three cell lines known with different growth rate ( @entity70726 and LLC- @entity24525 ). The doubling time of the transduced and parental cells was calculated. @entity98 method was used to detect the concentration of GCV at which cell growth was inhibited by 50% (IC(50) value). Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. @entity39 or apoptosis of cultured cells and/or xenografts was observed under light and electron microscope, and by in situ apoptosis detection. RESULTS: The doubling time of the three parental cell lines was (31.2 +/- 0.1) h, (48.3 +/- 0.1) h, and (53.9 +/- 0.1) h, separately. The IC(50) values of their HSV-TK-transduced cell lines to GCV were (0.73 +/- 0.12) micromol/L, (0.93 +/- 0.16) micromol/L and (1.22 +/- 0.06) micromol/L, respectively and the IC(50) value was correlated with the cell doubling time. Flow cytometry revealed S arrest. The majority of cells under treatment of GCV displayed @entity4 , but very few cells showed apoptosis. Large areas of @entity39 were observed in the xenografts. CONCLUSIONS: The cells with high growth rate are more susceptible to HSV-TK/GCV-mediated killing effect. @entity39 is the main way in which cells of the three HSV-TK-transduced cells lines die.

title: [Different susceptibility of cell lines to @entity1014 kinase/ XXXX -mediated killing effect and the way of cell death].

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['variability of herpes simplex virus']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'Necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling and collapse']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity4540 :: ('MESH:D015774', 'Chemical') :: ['ganciclovir']

answer: @entity4540 :: (MESH:D015774,Chemical) :: ['ganciclovir']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of @entity778 (HSV) @entity1014 kinase (TK)/ @entity4540 (GCV)-mediated suicide effect obtained in three different cell lines and the ways in which this system-mediated cell killing occurs. METHODS: Recombinant retroviral vector expressing HSV-TK was transduced into three cell lines known with different growth rate ( @entity70726 and LLC- @entity24525 ). The doubling time of the transduced and parental cells was calculated. @entity98 method was used to detect the concentration of GCV at which cell growth was inhibited by 50% (IC(50) value). Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. @entity39 or apoptosis of cultured cells and/or xenografts was observed under light and electron microscope, and by in situ apoptosis detection. RESULTS: The doubling time of the three parental cell lines was (31.2 +/- 0.1) h, (48.3 +/- 0.1) h, and (53.9 +/- 0.1) h, separately. The IC(50) values of their HSV-TK-transduced cell lines to GCV were (0.73 +/- 0.12) micromol/L, (0.93 +/- 0.16) micromol/L and (1.22 +/- 0.06) micromol/L, respectively and the IC(50) value was correlated with the cell doubling time. Flow cytometry revealed S arrest. The majority of cells under treatment of GCV displayed @entity4 , but very few cells showed apoptosis. Large areas of @entity39 were observed in the xenografts. CONCLUSIONS: The cells with high growth rate are more susceptible to HSV-TK/GCV-mediated killing effect. @entity39 is the main way in which cells of the three HSV-TK-transduced cells lines die.

title: [Different susceptibility of cell lines to XXXX kinase/ @entity4540 -mediated killing effect and the way of cell death].

answer: @entity1014 :: (MESH:D013936,Chemical) :: ['thymidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and mechanism of tissue injury caused by @entity4005 ( @entity4005 ) infection. METHODS: Thirty-three cases of @entity30558 in the nasal and pharyngeal region seen in this hospital from Jan. 1980 to Mar. 2000 were studied retrospectively. Warthin-Starry (W-S) stain was used to study all cases. Five cases were studied further with transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: W-S stain revealed a great number of @entity4005 in Mikulicz cells within the @entity738 . Electron microscopy demonstrated a number of phagosomes in the cytoplasm of Mikulicz cells where many @entity4005 were found. A small number of other organelles such as endoplasmic reticulums and lysozymes were squeezed to the side of cells. There were many granular substances on the surface of intracellular bacteria, which were not found on the extracellular @entity4005 . CONCLUSION: @entity4005 is a facultative intracellular bacteria that is able to resist the digestion of macrophages and to proliferate in them. Formation of @entity738 and @entity82 in @entity4005 infiltrated regions is the major cause of tissue injury.

title: [An etiological and pathologic study of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity30558 :: ('MESH:D012226', 'Disease') :: ['rhinoscleromas']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas', 'granuloma']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis', 'KR']

answer: @entity30558 :: (MESH:D012226,Disease) :: ['Rhinoscleroma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathological features of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) in @entity1 and its relationship to the DNA content of @entity5 cells and DNA ploidy. METHODS: The pathologic morphology of 4 cases of @entity1358 in @entity1 were observed. Using image analysis instruments the quantity of @entity5 cell DNA was measured. RESULTS: The cytoplasm of the @entity5 cells were clear in all four cases. @entity1377 were present in these @entity5 , of which the papillary structure in two cases was over 50%, three cases had small calcified bodies with prominent @entity548 and @entity39 . Around @entity5 the glomerular and tubular of kidney always is normal the average DNA index was 1.31. They presented diploidy, high diploidy or subtetraploidy. CONCLUSIONS: The specific features of most @entity1358 in @entity1 are clear cytoplasm, most contain papillary structures, calcified bodies, often with @entity548 and @entity39 . Around @entity5 the glomerular and tubular of kidney is always normal. The DNA contents of @entity5 cells present diploidy, high diploidy or subtetraploidy.

title: [The pathology and DNA quantitative study of XXXX in @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['Papillary structures']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['RCCC', 'renal clear cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal clear cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathological features of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) in @entity1 and its relationship to the DNA content of @entity5 cells and DNA ploidy. METHODS: The pathologic morphology of 4 cases of @entity1358 in @entity1 were observed. Using image analysis instruments the quantity of @entity5 cell DNA was measured. RESULTS: The cytoplasm of the @entity5 cells were clear in all four cases. @entity1377 were present in these @entity5 , of which the papillary structure in two cases was over 50%, three cases had small calcified bodies with prominent @entity548 and @entity39 . Around @entity5 the glomerular and tubular of kidney always is normal the average DNA index was 1.31. They presented diploidy, high diploidy or subtetraploidy. CONCLUSIONS: The specific features of most @entity1358 in @entity1 are clear cytoplasm, most contain papillary structures, calcified bodies, often with @entity548 and @entity39 . Around @entity5 the glomerular and tubular of kidney is always normal. The DNA contents of @entity5 cells present diploidy, high diploidy or subtetraploidy.

title: [The pathology and DNA quantitative study of @entity1358 in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: In a previous study we reported that clonally expanded T cell receptor beta-chain rearrangements characterized the T cell receptor usage in @entity272 of @entity1569 and indicated antigen-specific T cell selection. To assess the relevance of clonal T cell expansion for disease progression, we now determined if select clonal T cell receptor rearrangements persisted over time and were present in nonlesional skin. Sequential biopsies were taken from @entity272 of two @entity1 . V-D-J junctional regions of T cell receptor beta-chain variable region gene families 2, 3, 6, 13S1, and BV17 were cloned and sequenced, as these particular BV gene families are preferentially selected in @entity272 . The lesional T cell receptor rearrangements were compared with the T cell receptor usage in nonlesional skin and in blood. Several T cell receptor beta-chain rearrangements with high transcript frequency in the first lesional biopsy were again found in sequential lesional biopsies taken as much as 3 y later from @entity1569 relapses. Only T cell receptor beta-chain rearrangements with low transcript abundance showed variability in that several clones appeared for the first time or disappeared. Although nonlesional skin also exhibited a restricted T cell receptor usage with clonal T cell receptor rearrangements, the T cell receptor usage in lesional and nonlesional skin differed nearly completely. The select lesional recurrence of identical T cell receptor rearrangements reveals that @entity32 in @entity1569 involves the same clonally expanded T cell populations and the same antigens over prolonged periods of time. It hereby suggests that specifically recruited and locally expanded T cell clones are permanently involved in psoriatic @entity32 and may play a crucial part in disease perpetuation.

title: Dominant lesional T cell receptor rearrangements persist in relapsing XXXX but are absent from nonlesional skin: evidence for a stable antigen-specific pathogenic T cell response in @entity1569 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis', 'psoriasis vulgaris']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions', 'psoriatic skin lesions']

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis']


abstract: In a previous study we reported that clonally expanded T cell receptor beta-chain rearrangements characterized the T cell receptor usage in @entity272 of @entity1569 and indicated antigen-specific T cell selection. To assess the relevance of clonal T cell expansion for disease progression, we now determined if select clonal T cell receptor rearrangements persisted over time and were present in nonlesional skin. Sequential biopsies were taken from @entity272 of two @entity1 . V-D-J junctional regions of T cell receptor beta-chain variable region gene families 2, 3, 6, 13S1, and BV17 were cloned and sequenced, as these particular BV gene families are preferentially selected in @entity272 . The lesional T cell receptor rearrangements were compared with the T cell receptor usage in nonlesional skin and in blood. Several T cell receptor beta-chain rearrangements with high transcript frequency in the first lesional biopsy were again found in sequential lesional biopsies taken as much as 3 y later from @entity1569 relapses. Only T cell receptor beta-chain rearrangements with low transcript abundance showed variability in that several clones appeared for the first time or disappeared. Although nonlesional skin also exhibited a restricted T cell receptor usage with clonal T cell receptor rearrangements, the T cell receptor usage in lesional and nonlesional skin differed nearly completely. The select lesional recurrence of identical T cell receptor rearrangements reveals that @entity32 in @entity1569 involves the same clonally expanded T cell populations and the same antigens over prolonged periods of time. It hereby suggests that specifically recruited and locally expanded T cell clones are permanently involved in psoriatic @entity32 and may play a crucial part in disease perpetuation.

title: Dominant lesional T cell receptor rearrangements persist in relapsing @entity1569 but are absent from nonlesional skin: evidence for a stable antigen-specific pathogenic T cell response in XXXX .

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis vulgaris']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cranioplasty is considered as a routine procedure in everyday neurosurgical practice for the @entity1 with @entity129 , however, there is no established consensus on optimal surgical timing. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of early cranioplasty (1-3 months after DC) and late cranioplasty (3-6 months after DC) on the complications and recovery of neurological function in the management of @entity1 who received decompressive craniotomy. METHODS: In this paper, the authors report a systematic review and meta-analysis of operative time, complications and neurological function outcomes on different timing of cranioplasty. Randomized or non-randomized controlled trials of early cranioplasty and late cranioplasty surgery were considered for inclusion. RESULTS: Nine published reports of eligible studies involving 1209 @entity1 meet the inclusion criteria. Compared with late cranioplasty, early cranioplasty had no significant difference in overall complications [RR=1.14, 95%CI (0.83, 1.55), p>0.05], infection rates [RR=0.87, 95%CI (0.47, 1.61), p>0.05], @entity2075 [RR=1.09, 95%CI (0.53, 2.25), p>0.05]; subdural fluid collection [RR=0.47, 95%CI (0.15, 1.41), p>0.05]. However, early CP significantly reduced the duration of cranioplasty [mean difference=-13.46, 95%CI (-21.26, 5.67), p<0.05]. The postoperative @entity1276 rates were significant higher in the early cranioplasty group [RR=2.67, 95%CI (1.24, 5.73), p<0.05]. CONCLUSION: Early CP can only reduce the duration of operation, but cannot reduce the complications of @entity1 and even increase the risk of @entity1276 . More evidence from advanced multi-center studies is needed to provide illumination for the timing selection of CP surgery.

title: Early cranioplasty vs. late cranioplasty for the treatment of XXXX : A systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial defect']

entities_list: @entity2075 :: ('MESH:D020198', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hematoma']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

answer: @entity129 :: (MESH:D003389,Disease) :: ['cranial defect']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Some complications of childbirth (for example, @entity322 ) are a source of social embarrassment for @entity1 , and are often under reported. Therefore, it was felt important to determine levels of complications (against established standards) and to consider obstetric measures aimed at reducing them. METHODS: Clinical information was collected on 1036 primiparous @entity1 delivering at North and South Staffordshire Acute and Community Trusts over a 5-month period in 1997. A questionnaire was sent to 970 @entity1 which included self-assessment of levels of @entity322 and @entity546 prior to pregnancy, at 6 weeks post delivery and 9 to 14 months post delivery. RESULTS: The response rate was 48%(470/970). Relatively high levels of obstetric interventions were found. In addition, the rates of instrumental deliveries differed between the two hospitals. The highest rates of postnatal symptoms had occurred at 6 weeks, but for many @entity1 problems were still present at the time of the survey. At 9-14 months high rates of @entity546 (29%(102/347)) and @entity322 (35%(133/382)) were reported. Seventeen @entity1 (4%) complained of @entity322 at this time. Similar rates of @entity322 and @entity546 were seen regardless of mode of delivery. CONCLUSION: Further work should be undertaken to reduce the obstetric interventions, especially instrumental deliveries. Improvements in a number of areas of care should be undertaken, including improved @entity1 information, improved professional communication and improved professional recognition and management of third degree tears. It is likely that these measures would lead to a reduction in @entity322 and @entity546 after childbirth.

title: Achieving sustainable quality in maternity services - using audit of @entity322 and XXXX to identify shortfalls in meeting standards.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['dyspareunia']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['faecal incontinence', 'urinary incontinence', 'incontinence']

answer: @entity546 :: (MESH:D004414,Disease) :: ['dyspareunia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Some complications of childbirth (for example, @entity322 ) are a source of social embarrassment for @entity1 , and are often under reported. Therefore, it was felt important to determine levels of complications (against established standards) and to consider obstetric measures aimed at reducing them. METHODS: Clinical information was collected on 1036 primiparous @entity1 delivering at North and South Staffordshire Acute and Community Trusts over a 5-month period in 1997. A questionnaire was sent to 970 @entity1 which included self-assessment of levels of @entity322 and @entity546 prior to pregnancy, at 6 weeks post delivery and 9 to 14 months post delivery. RESULTS: The response rate was 48%(470/970). Relatively high levels of obstetric interventions were found. In addition, the rates of instrumental deliveries differed between the two hospitals. The highest rates of postnatal symptoms had occurred at 6 weeks, but for many @entity1 problems were still present at the time of the survey. At 9-14 months high rates of @entity546 (29%(102/347)) and @entity322 (35%(133/382)) were reported. Seventeen @entity1 (4%) complained of @entity322 at this time. Similar rates of @entity322 and @entity546 were seen regardless of mode of delivery. CONCLUSION: Further work should be undertaken to reduce the obstetric interventions, especially instrumental deliveries. Improvements in a number of areas of care should be undertaken, including improved @entity1 information, improved professional communication and improved professional recognition and management of third degree tears. It is likely that these measures would lead to a reduction in @entity322 and @entity546 after childbirth.

title: Achieving sustainable quality in maternity services - using audit of XXXX and @entity546 to identify shortfalls in meeting standards.

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: High-speed magnetic resonance imaging was used to perform simultaneous measurements of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and water diffusion changes during @entity308 ( @entity308 ) induced by cortical @entity4337 application. @entity35 were fitted epidurally with a rubber chamber. @entity4337 was perfused through the chamber until @entity308 was indicated by a negative direct current (DC) potential shift. Magnetic resonance imaging scans used echo planar diffusion and @entity18906 -weighted images. Iron dextran was injected as a blood pool contrast agent to make subsequent changes in @entity18906 (or @entity18906 ) directly proportional to changes in CBV. Multislice maps of @entity1541 ( @entity1541 ) and rCBV were generated with 6- to 16-second time resolution, which revealed transient @entity1541 and rCBV changes propagating over the cortex after @entity4337 application. Transient @entity1541 declines appeared simultaneously with the DC shift, whereas rCBV increase followed with a delay of 16.4+/-14.9 seconds. Prolonged rCBV decrease was observed after the initial increase during the @entity308 in half of the animals. The delayed rCBV response after the @entity1541 change supports the observation of increased energy demand because of repolarization. Simultaneous DC potential recording and @entity1541 measurements in corresponding sites of the cortex indicate that transient @entity1541 decreases during @entity308 reflect water shifts associated with cell depolarization.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of cerebral hemodynamics during XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'spreading depression']

entities_list: @entity1541 :: ('MESH:C536023', 'Disease') :: ['apparent diffusion coefficient', 'ADC']

entities_list: @entity4337 :: ('MESH:D011189', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium chloride', 'Potassium chloride']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['spreading depression']


abstract: High-speed magnetic resonance imaging was used to perform simultaneous measurements of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and water diffusion changes during @entity308 ( @entity308 ) induced by cortical @entity4337 application. @entity35 were fitted epidurally with a rubber chamber. @entity4337 was perfused through the chamber until @entity308 was indicated by a negative direct current (DC) potential shift. Magnetic resonance imaging scans used echo planar diffusion and @entity18906 -weighted images. Iron dextran was injected as a blood pool contrast agent to make subsequent changes in @entity18906 (or @entity18906 ) directly proportional to changes in CBV. Multislice maps of @entity1541 ( @entity1541 ) and rCBV were generated with 6- to 16-second time resolution, which revealed transient @entity1541 and rCBV changes propagating over the cortex after @entity4337 application. Transient @entity1541 declines appeared simultaneously with the DC shift, whereas rCBV increase followed with a delay of 16.4+/-14.9 seconds. Prolonged rCBV decrease was observed after the initial increase during the @entity308 in half of the animals. The delayed rCBV response after the @entity1541 change supports the observation of increased energy demand because of repolarization. Simultaneous DC potential recording and @entity1541 measurements in corresponding sites of the cortex indicate that transient @entity1541 decreases during @entity308 reflect water shifts associated with cell depolarization.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of cerebral hemodynamics during @entity308 in XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Transmission of forest-related @entity311 was observed entomologically and epidemiologically for 2 transmission seasons in 1990 and 1991 in 5 villages of Mae Sariang district, Mae Hong @entity5461 Province, north-west Thailand. The entomological study included collections of mosquitos and determination of infection rate by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the residential villages and the farm huts. The epidemiological study included fortnightly visits to 30% of the households to interview and record movement activities and illness of villagers. Circumsporozoite proteins, in most cases of @entity3964 , were detected in Anopheles minimus species A, An. dirus s.l., An. maculatus s.s. and An. sawadwongporni in residential villages and/or farm huts, suggesting transmission could occur there. Movement of @entity1 away from their residences occurred throughout the year for several reasons with a sharp peak in July for agricultural activity, mainly ploughing and planting for @entity579 cultivation. The relative risk of infection for @entity1 engaged in agricultural activity was 3 times that of @entity1 living in the residential villages. Although a higher biting density of vectors was generally evident at the farm huts, the estimated inoculation rates in the 2 settings were similar. Movement for forest activity increased after harvesting @entity579 in the cool dry season and carried the highest @entity311 risk, suggesting different epidemiological and probably entomological conditions which need further investigation. The significance is discussed of discrepancies between the case classification system used by this study and that used by @entity311 sector staff.

title: Entomological and epidemiological investigations of XXXX transmission in relation to population movements in forest areas of north-west Thailand.

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: The comparison of serological responses in a sample of adult, vaccinated and held-infected @entity291 with @entity6469 is reported. Indirect enzyme immunoassav (EIA) titration curves and Western blotting tests for smooth-type lipopolysaccharide (S- @entity558 ), rough-type @entity558 (R- @entity558 ) and lipid A were performed. In the initial screening of sera, an overall prevalence of 20.5% was found, which corresponds to a country with a high incidence of @entity3377 . End-point EIA titres against @entity558 antigens from vaccinated and field-infected @entity291 were not significantly different. However, the absorbance values in the titration curves were significantly higher for S- @entity558 as compared with the other antigens. A high correlation coefficient (r = 0.933) was obtained when the titres to R- @entity558 versus lipid A were compared. Western blotting reactions of vaccinated and held-infected animals were indistinguishable. S- @entity558 , R- @entity558 and lipid A epitopes were recognized in a heterogeneous manner. In general, the number of @entity291 that reacted against @entity558 was higher in the field-infected group, with a stronger binding to S- @entity558 . Based on our observations, the vaccinated and field-infected @entity291 are capable of producing similar antibody responses to the Brucella main outer surface antigen, @entity558 . It should be emphasized that the humoral response of @entity291 to Brucella @entity558 contains significant amounts of antibodies to other antigenic moieties of this important surface molecule, which may contribute to the immunity to @entity3377 .

title: Comparison of the antibody response in adult XXXX against different epitopes of @entity6469 lipopolysaccharide.

entities_list: @entity6469 :: ('235', 'Species') :: ['Brucella abortus']

entities_list: @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cows', 'cattle', 'bovines']

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: The comparison of serological responses in a sample of adult, vaccinated and held-infected @entity291 with @entity6469 is reported. Indirect enzyme immunoassav (EIA) titration curves and Western blotting tests for smooth-type lipopolysaccharide (S- @entity558 ), rough-type @entity558 (R- @entity558 ) and lipid A were performed. In the initial screening of sera, an overall prevalence of 20.5% was found, which corresponds to a country with a high incidence of @entity3377 . End-point EIA titres against @entity558 antigens from vaccinated and field-infected @entity291 were not significantly different. However, the absorbance values in the titration curves were significantly higher for S- @entity558 as compared with the other antigens. A high correlation coefficient (r = 0.933) was obtained when the titres to R- @entity558 versus lipid A were compared. Western blotting reactions of vaccinated and held-infected animals were indistinguishable. S- @entity558 , R- @entity558 and lipid A epitopes were recognized in a heterogeneous manner. In general, the number of @entity291 that reacted against @entity558 was higher in the field-infected group, with a stronger binding to S- @entity558 . Based on our observations, the vaccinated and field-infected @entity291 are capable of producing similar antibody responses to the Brucella main outer surface antigen, @entity558 . It should be emphasized that the humoral response of @entity291 to Brucella @entity558 contains significant amounts of antibodies to other antigenic moieties of this important surface molecule, which may contribute to the immunity to @entity3377 .

title: Comparison of the antibody response in adult @entity291 against different epitopes of XXXX lipopolysaccharide.

answer: @entity6469 :: (235,Species) :: ['Brucella abortus']