abstract: BACKGROUND: Influencing the general public response to pandemics is a public health priority. There is a prevailing view, however, that the general public is resistant to communications on pandemic @entity683 and that behavioural responses to the 2009/10 H1N1 pandemic were not sufficient. Using qualitative methods, this paper investigates how members of the general public respond to pandemic @entity683 and the hygiene, social isolation and other measures proposed by public health. Going beyond the commonly deployed notion that the general public is resistant to public health communications, this paper examines how health individualism, gender and real world constraints enable and limit individual action. METHODS: In-depth interviews (n = 57) and focus groups (ten focus groups; 59 individuals) were conducted with community samples in Melbourne, Sydney and Glasgow. @entity1 were selected according to maximum variation sampling using purposive criteria, including: 1) pregnancy in 2009/2010; 2) @entity102 ; 3) aged 70 years and over; 4) no disclosed health problems. Verbatim transcripts were subjected to inductive, thematic analysis. RESULTS: Respondents did not express resistance to public health communications, but gave insight into how they interpreted and implemented guidance. An individualistic approach to pandemic risk predominated. The uptake of hygiene, social isolation and vaccine strategies was constrained by seeing oneself 'at risk' but not 'a risk' to others. Gender norms shape how members of the general public enact hygiene and social isolation. Other challenges pertained to over-reliance on perceived remoteness from risk, expectation of recovery from infection and practical constraints on the uptake of vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, respondents were engaged with public health advice regarding pandemic @entity683 , indicating that the idea of public resistance has limited explanatory power. Public communications are endorsed, but challenges persist. Individualistic approaches to pandemic risk inhibit acting for the benefit of others and may deepen divisions in the community according to health status. Public communications on pandemics are mediated by gender norms that may overburden @entity1 and limit the action of @entity1 . Social research on the public response to pandemics needs to focus on the social structures and real world settings and relationships that shape the action of individuals.

title: Beyond resistance: social factors in the general public response to pandemic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with single sided @entity5513 may report about a taste dysfunction apart from the well known cardinal symptoms. Very few data are published so far on that topic. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of microsurgery for @entity5513 on taste perception prospectively using a well validated taste test. 25 @entity1 could be included in the study. No ageusia was claimed by the @entity1 . In average a decrease of the taste score postoperatively could be detected on the @entity5 as well as on the non treated side. The differences were not statistically significant. But a subgroup of    of the subjects revealed a new onset of side difference in the taste score that was not present before surgery. In all those cases the treated side showed a clinically significant reduced taste score of 6,2 in average. Within this subgroup the temporal access was overpresented in contrast to the whole group. This may indicate an influence of the choosen approach and that for the position of the @entity5 to the change of the taste score. The observations should be verified on a greater collective.

title: [Impact of Microsurgical Exstirpation of XXXX on the Sense of Taste].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular schwannomas', 'vestibular schwannoma']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['Vestibular Schwannomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Childhood-onset @entity1252 (cSLE) is a multisystem @entity792 characterized by @entity1200 affecting @entity1 less than 18 years old. One-fifth of @entity1252 cases are diagnosed during childhood. cSLE presents differently from adults and has a more severe and aggressive course. We describe the clinical and antibody profiles in our cSLE Singapore cohort. All cSLE @entity1 who satisfied the 1997 American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria were captured in our lupus registry from January 2009 to January 2014. Data including demographic, cumulative clinical, serologic data, and damage indices were collected. @entity2166 ( @entity2166 ) was used to summarize disease activity over multiple visits. Cluster analysis using non-hierarchical K-means procedure was performed on eight selected antibodies. The 64 @entity1 (female:male ratio 5:1; Chinese 45.3%, Malay 28.1%, Indian 9.4%, and other races 17.2%) had a mean onset age of 11.5 years (range 2.1-16.7) and mean age at diagnosis was 11.9 years (range 2.6-18.0). Our study demonstrated differences in clinical manifestations for which hematologic involvement was the most common manifestation with @entity8 and uncommon neurologic manifestation as compared to other cSLE cohorts reported in our region. Antibody clusters were identified in our cohort but their clinical association/discrimination and outcome prediction required further validation study. Outcomes of our cohort in regard to disease activity after therapy and organ damages were comparable if not better to other cSLE cohorts elsewhere. @entity479 -related damage, including symptomatic @entity2530 and @entity231 , were not uncommon locally. Infection remains the major cause of @entity204 for the continent. Nevertheless, the five year survival rate of our cohort (98.4%) was high.

title: Childhood-onset XXXX in Singapore: clinical phenotypes, disease activity, damage, and autoantibody profiles.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['multifocal avascular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['less renal disease']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immune dysregulation']

entities_list: @entity2166 :: ('MESH:D000275', 'Disease') :: ['Adjusted mean SLEDAI-2K', 'AMS']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: AIMS: To estimate efficacy and treatment satisfaction with @entity9940 0.2 mg in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity1494 obstruction secondary to benign prostatic enlargement and lower urinary tract symptoms in relation to personal satisfaction. METHODS: The study was conducted in 1,260 subjects who were asked to fill in detailed questionnaires designed to evaluate their satisfaction with the treatment and symptom improvement 8 weeks after receiving @entity9940 0.2 mg. RESULTS: After being treated with @entity9940 0.2 mg for 8 weeks, the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) score improved significantly. Among the 1,260 @entity1 , 813 (64.52%) were satisfied, while 447 (35.48%) were dissatisfied with @entity9940 0.2 mg. The reasons for @entity1 dissatisfaction were efficacy problems (79.87%) and side effects (4.25%). Treatment satisfaction was affected by age, underlying medical disease and baseline IPSS severity (p = 0.020, 0.0427 and <0.001, respectively), but only age and baseline IPSS were risk factors for dissatisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: @entity9940 0.2 mg was effective in symptomatic improvement, but a relatively high proportion of @entity1 were dissatisfied with the treatment. Efficacy problems were selected by @entity1 as the main reason for dissatisfaction. It is also significant to note that the degree of satisfaction was related to age and baseline IPSS severity.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Assessment of XXXX 0.2 mg for Symptomatic Bladder Outlet Obstruction Secondary to Benign Prostatic Enlargement: Data from a Korean Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9940 :: ('MESH:C088482', 'Chemical') :: ['Tamsulosin', 'tamsulosin']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder outlet']

answer: @entity9940 :: (MESH:C088482,Chemical) :: ['Tamsulosin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Syagrus coronata, a native palm tree of the Brazilian semi-arid region, exhibits low germinability due to seed dormancy. This study aimed to increase the germinability, analyze the morphology of seedlings and evaluate the performance of young plants under a water deficit. We used immersion in water and @entity9635 (GA3) as @entity9435 (seed with endocarp) pre-germination treatments, and we analyzed the water relations, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and @entity505 balance components of young plants under drought and rehydration conditions. The immersion of @entity71269 in 0.3  mM @entity15150 solution for 24  h enhanced the emergence and survival of plants and the emergence rate index. The germination of S.  coronata is of the remote tubular type, and seedling growth originates with the protrusion of the cotyledon petiole, followed by the subsequent emergence of the root, leaf sheaths and eophyll. The plants exhibited high tolerance to no irrigation for 37  days, which was attributed to strong stomatal control, a higher proportion of energy dissipation and a higher content of photoprotective pigments. Despite the reduced stomatal conductance (regardless of soil water availability), the photosynthetic rate remained high throughout the day, which indicated a low correlation between these two parameters. After rehydration, we observed that both the leaf water content and photosynthesis recovered, which showed an absence of irreversible damage of the photosynthetic apparatus. The use of 0.3  mM GA3 is recommended as a treatment for overcoming seed dormancy in this species. Young S.  coronata plants showed high tolerance during drought and resilience after rehydration by adjusting their leaf metabolism, which could explain the endemism of this species in semi-arid regions and its ability to remain evergreen throughout the year. Furthermore, with high photosynthetic rate in the most favorable time of day, even under drought stress.

title: Overcoming seed dormancy using XXXX and the performance of young Syagrus coronata plants under severe drought stress and recovery.

entities_list: @entity9635 :: ('MESH:C007842', 'Chemical') :: ['gibberellic acid']

answer: @entity9635 :: (MESH:C007842,Chemical) :: ['gibberellic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity726 is an important cause of irreversible @entity1939 . This study describes the characteristics of a large, diverse group of @entity726 @entity1 and evaluates associations between demographic and clinical characteristics and @entity1939 . METHODS: Data were gathered via retrospective chart review of @entity1 (N = 1,454) who were seen between July 2007 and July 2010 by @entity726 service providers at Duke Eye Center. Visual acuity and @entity227 were used to determine whether @entity1 met the criteria for @entity1939 . Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were performed on the @entity726 @entity1 who were not blind (n = 1,258) and those who were blind (n = 196). A subgroup analysis of only those @entity1 with primary @entity1538 was also performed. RESULTS: In this tertiary care population, 13% (n = 196) of @entity726 @entity1 met criteria for @entity1939 , nearly one-half of whom (n = 94) were blind from @entity726 , and another one-third of whom (n = 69) had @entity726 -related @entity1939 . The most common @entity726 diagnosis at all levels of vision was primary @entity1538 . A larger proportion of black @entity1 compared with white @entity1 demonstrated @entity1018 ; the odds ratio (OR) for @entity1939 was 2.25 (95% CI, 1.6-3.2) for black @entity1 compared with white @entity1 . The use of systemic antihypertensive medications was higher among @entity1 who were blind compared with @entity1 who were not blind (OR = 2.1; 95% CI, 1.4-3.1). A subgroup analysis including only @entity1 with primary @entity1538 showed similar results for both black race and use of systemic antihypertensive medications. The relationship between use of systemic antihypertensive medications and @entity1939 was not different between black @entity1 and white @entity1 (interaction P = .268). LIMITATIONS: Data were based on chart review, and associations may be confounded by unmeasured factors. CONCLUSIONS: Treated systemic @entity101 may be correlated with @entity1939 , and the cause cannot be explained solely by race. In addition, this study demonstrated that there is continued disparity between black @entity1 and white @entity1 with regards to @entity1939 from @entity726 .

title: XXXX at a Tertiary Eye Care Center.

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['vision loss']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field criteria']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Glaucoma', 'glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['legal blindness', 'blindness']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma Blindness']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 is one of the most common @entity5 in the world with a high mortality rate. We analyzed 45 surgical samples of the @entity420 , 13 with lymph node @entity3 . APC, @entity588 , @entity3507 , @entity72018 (LP34), @entity2225 , @entity5822 , @entity4910 , @entity470 , @entity11833 , @entity1722 , Ki67, @entity8993 , @entity11092 , @entity876 , RB and @entity10922 expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Higher Ki67, APC, @entity11833 expressions and lower @entity10922 expression were identified in advanced stages (IIA and IIIA) of @entity420 , which reflect a more @entity146 , less differentiated, possibly a non-TRU @entity420 . Acinar, micropapillary and BA/ @entity420 patterns were the most similar patterns and papillary was the most different pattern followed by solid pattern, according to expression of these markers. Different @entity420 patterns are engaged with different molecular pathways for @entity105 , based on the differences of expression. Acinar, BA/lepidic and micropapillary showed higher @entity10922 expression (type TRU), and papillary and solid patterns revealed less @entity10922 expression, exhibiting a non-TRU/bronchial phenotype. Solid pattern revealed lower @entity1722 and higher @entity470 and @entity11833 (this compared to papillary) expression; papillary higher @entity1722 and lower @entity11833 expressions; micropapillary higher RB expression; and acinar lower @entity11833 and higher @entity470 expressions. Ciclin D1 seems to have more importance in acinar and BA/lepidic patterns than in micropapillary. @entity11833 protein expression in micropapillary, solid and BA/lepidic patterns may indicate DNA repair activation. Inhibition of apoptosis could be explained by @entity588 overexpression, present in all @entity420 patterns. @entity13456 and @entity8993 were overexpressed in all patterns, which may have implications for drug resistance. Further studies are needed to interpret these data regarding to therapy response in advanced staged @entity2 .

title: XXXX subtyping relates with different molecular pathways.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial-pulmonary carcinomas', 'Lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['lepidic adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinomas', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['Bronchial-pulmonary adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammation-related enteric @entity4423 has been postulated as a cause for abdominal symptoms in @entity30 ( @entity30 ). We investigated the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging-quantified @entity29 ( @entity29 ) motility, inflammatory activity, and @entity1 symptom burden. METHODS: The Harvey-Bradshaw index (HBI) and fecal calprotectin were prospectively measured in 53 @entity1 with @entity30 (median age, 35; range, 18-78 years) the day before magnetic resonance enterography, which included a dynamic (cine), breath-hold motility sequence, repeated to encompass the whole @entity29 volume. A validated registration-based motility quantitation technique produced motility maps, and regions of interest were drawn to include all morphologically normal @entity29 (i.e., excluding diseased bowel). @entity1319 was correlated with calprotectin, HBI, and symptom components (well-being, @entity158 , and @entity294 ). Adjustment for age, sex, smoking, and surgical history was made using multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: Median calprotectin was 336 (range, 0-1280). Median HBI, motility mean, and motility variance were 3 (range, 0-16), 0.33 (0.18-0.51), and 0.01 (0.0014-0.034), respectively. Motility variance was significantly negatively correlated with @entity1190 (rho = -0.33, P = 0.015), total HBI (rho = -0.45, P < 0.001), well-being (rho = -0.4, P = 0.003), @entity158 (rho = -0.27, P = 0.05), and @entity294 (rho = -0.4, P = 0.0025). The associations remained highly significant after adjusting for covariates. There was no association between mean motility and calprotectin or HBI (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced motility variance in morphologically normal @entity29 is associated with @entity1 symptoms and fecal calprotectin levels, supporting the hypothesis that @entity32 -related enteric @entity4423 may explain refractory abdominal symptoms in @entity30 .

title: Aberrant Motility in Unaffected Small Bowel is Linked to Inflammatory Burden and @entity1 Symptoms in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1190 :: ('MESH:D039841', 'Chemical') :: ['calprotectin']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel', 'SB']

entities_list: @entity4423 :: ('MESH:D015154', 'Disease') :: ['dysmotility']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['Global SB motility']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammation-related enteric @entity4423 has been postulated as a cause for abdominal symptoms in @entity30 ( @entity30 ). We investigated the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging-quantified @entity29 ( @entity29 ) motility, inflammatory activity, and @entity1 symptom burden. METHODS: The Harvey-Bradshaw index (HBI) and fecal calprotectin were prospectively measured in 53 @entity1 with @entity30 (median age, 35; range, 18-78 years) the day before magnetic resonance enterography, which included a dynamic (cine), breath-hold motility sequence, repeated to encompass the whole @entity29 volume. A validated registration-based motility quantitation technique produced motility maps, and regions of interest were drawn to include all morphologically normal @entity29 (i.e., excluding diseased bowel). @entity1319 was correlated with calprotectin, HBI, and symptom components (well-being, @entity158 , and @entity294 ). Adjustment for age, sex, smoking, and surgical history was made using multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: Median calprotectin was 336 (range, 0-1280). Median HBI, motility mean, and motility variance were 3 (range, 0-16), 0.33 (0.18-0.51), and 0.01 (0.0014-0.034), respectively. Motility variance was significantly negatively correlated with @entity1190 (rho = -0.33, P = 0.015), total HBI (rho = -0.45, P < 0.001), well-being (rho = -0.4, P = 0.003), @entity158 (rho = -0.27, P = 0.05), and @entity294 (rho = -0.4, P = 0.0025). The associations remained highly significant after adjusting for covariates. There was no association between mean motility and calprotectin or HBI (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced motility variance in morphologically normal @entity29 is associated with @entity1 symptoms and fecal calprotectin levels, supporting the hypothesis that @entity32 -related enteric @entity4423 may explain refractory abdominal symptoms in @entity30 .

title: Aberrant Motility in Unaffected Small Bowel is Linked to Inflammatory Burden and XXXX Symptoms in @entity30 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neonates are at high risk of @entity693 and of resulting @entity16 . Early recognition of neonates at risk of poor prognosis would be helpful in providing timely management. From January 2008 to June 2014, we enrolled 232 term neonates with @entity4008 admitted to 3 neonatology departments in Shanghai, China. The clinical status on the day of discharge from these hospitals or at a postnatal age of 2.5 to 3 months was evaluated using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). @entity1 were classified into two outcome groups: good (167 cases, 72.0%, GOS = 5) or poor (65 cases, 28.0%, GOS = 1-4). Neonates with good outcome had less frequent @entity386 , drowsiness, poor feeding, bulging fontanelle, @entity146 and more severe @entity1087 compared to neonates with poor outcome. The good outcome group also had less @entity55 than the poor outcome group. Besides, there were statistically significant differences in hemoglobin, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, C-reaction protein, procalcitonin, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) @entity413 and CSF protein. Multivariate logistic regression analyses suggested that poor feeding, @entity55 and CSF protein were the predictors of poor outcome. CSF protein content was significantly higher in @entity1 with poor outcome. The best cut-offs for predicting poor outcome were 1,880 mg/L in CSF protein concentration (sensitivity 70.8%, specificity 86.2%). After 2 weeks of treatment, CSF protein remained higher in the poor outcome group. High CSF protein concentration may prognosticate poor outcome in neonates with @entity4008 .

title: Clinical Prognosis in Neonatal XXXX : The Role of Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic complications']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity4008 :: (MESH:D016920,Disease) :: ['Bacterial Meningitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a histone substitute protein that specifically binds to the CCAAT box of the target genes and thereby promotes their regulation. NF-Y transcription factor, with defined CCAAT element-binding activities, target a gene family that encodes a group of basic helix-loop-helix ID factors ( @entity13863 - @entity35282 ), with or without CCAAT box at their promoter region. In this study, the expressions of NF-Y in mRNA and protein level were evaluated in a @entity1 @entity189 cell line, named NTera2, before and after 7 days induction of differentiation. We also looked into expression levels of ID genes in NTera2 cells during differentiation because of their critical role in development. By using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with real-time polymerase chain reaction, NF-Y incorporation and acetylation/dimethylation of histone H3 at @entity376 9 (H3K9ac/me2) was quantitatively evaluated on the regulatory regions of considered genes to monitor the changes in epigenetic markers at ID gene promoters throughout differentiation. The results demonstrated a marked down-regulation of @entity13863 , @entity29096 , and @entity22236 genes, parallel to a loss of NF-Y binding to the promoters of these genes. The data show that although the genes encoding NF-Y complex remained expressed at mRNA level, NF-YC is lost at the protein level onset of differentiation. Additionally, the epigenetic marks of H3K9ac and H3K9me2 at the target gene promoters decreased and increased, respectively, after 1 day of differentiation. It is suggested that, in the absence of NF-Y binding, the corresponding regions adopt a heterochromatic nature, whereas when NF-Y comes back after 7 days of differentiation, the @entity13863 -3 promoters become again converted into active chromatin. The @entity35282 gene, lacking a CCAAT box, behaves differently and does not show any incorporation. This experiment implies for the first time that the presence of NF-Y transcription factor plays a pivotal role in transcriptional regulation of ID genes in development.    2015 IUBMB Life, 2015.

title: Epigenetic role of CCAAT box-binding transcription factor NF-Y on ID gene family in @entity1 XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['embryonic carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a histone substitute protein that specifically binds to the CCAAT box of the target genes and thereby promotes their regulation. NF-Y transcription factor, with defined CCAAT element-binding activities, target a gene family that encodes a group of basic helix-loop-helix ID factors ( @entity13863 - @entity35282 ), with or without CCAAT box at their promoter region. In this study, the expressions of NF-Y in mRNA and protein level were evaluated in a @entity1 @entity189 cell line, named NTera2, before and after 7 days induction of differentiation. We also looked into expression levels of ID genes in NTera2 cells during differentiation because of their critical role in development. By using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with real-time polymerase chain reaction, NF-Y incorporation and acetylation/dimethylation of histone H3 at @entity376 9 (H3K9ac/me2) was quantitatively evaluated on the regulatory regions of considered genes to monitor the changes in epigenetic markers at ID gene promoters throughout differentiation. The results demonstrated a marked down-regulation of @entity13863 , @entity29096 , and @entity22236 genes, parallel to a loss of NF-Y binding to the promoters of these genes. The data show that although the genes encoding NF-Y complex remained expressed at mRNA level, NF-YC is lost at the protein level onset of differentiation. Additionally, the epigenetic marks of H3K9ac and H3K9me2 at the target gene promoters decreased and increased, respectively, after 1 day of differentiation. It is suggested that, in the absence of NF-Y binding, the corresponding regions adopt a heterochromatic nature, whereas when NF-Y comes back after 7 days of differentiation, the @entity13863 -3 promoters become again converted into active chromatin. The @entity35282 gene, lacking a CCAAT box, behaves differently and does not show any incorporation. This experiment implies for the first time that the presence of NF-Y transcription factor plays a pivotal role in transcriptional regulation of ID genes in development.    2015 IUBMB Life, 2015.

title: Epigenetic role of CCAAT box-binding transcription factor NF-Y on ID gene family in XXXX @entity189 cells.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the clinical use of acute-stage susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in @entity1 with prolonged @entity410 . METHODS: Ten @entity1 with prolonged @entity410 who underwent SWI within 2 h after termination of @entity410 (acute-stage SWI group) and 15 control @entity1 who underwent SWI >   2 h after their @entity410 terminated or for other purposes were enrolled. The cerebral venous vasculature was compared between the groups. The acute-stage SWI group was further divided into three subgroups: normal group, those with regional low signals in the cerebral veins (regional group) and those with diffuse low signals in the cerebral veins (generalized group). Inter-ictal electroencephalography (EEG) and venous blood gas findings during @entity410 activity were compared between these subgroups. RESULTS: All @entity1 in the acute-stage SWI group had low cerebral vein signal. Four @entity1 were assigned to the regional group and six @entity1 to the generalized group. @entity1211 and the increase of venous pCO2 during @entity410 activity was more prominent in the regional group than in the generalized group. In the regional group, low-signal areas in the cerebral veins were consistent with abnormal areas on EEG; these low-signal areas resolved completely in all @entity1 on follow-up SWI. Ten @entity1 in the control group had normal SWI, and five had a generalized low signal. CONCLUSIONS: Acute-stage SWI may be a useful alternative for identifying lateralization of @entity410 in @entity1 with prolonged @entity410 .

title: Susceptibility-weighted imaging in acute-stage pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'convulsive disorder']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Decrease of venous pH']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['convulsive disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It has been proven that @entity3147 increases postoperative morbidity and mortality, and it may also negatively affect wound healing in the gastrointestinal tract. In the literature, there is only one study evaluating the effects of preoperative nutritional support on colonic anastomotic healing under malnourished conditions. In order to improve the data on this topic, an experimental study was planned to evaluate the effects of preoperative nutritional support on colonic anastomotic healing in malnourished @entity35 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 18 male @entity35 albino @entity35 divided into 3 groups. The control (C) group was fed ad libitum for 21 days. The @entity3147 ( @entity3147 ) group and preoperative nutrition (P) group were given 50% of the daily food consumed by the @entity35 in Group C for 21 days to induce @entity3147 . At the end of 21 days, Group P was fed ad libitum for 7 days (preoperative nutritional support). Colonic transection and end-to-end anastomosis was performed at 21 days in Group C and Group @entity3147 and at 28 days in Group P. The @entity35 were sacrificed at postoperative 4 days, anastomotic bursting pressure was measured, and samples were taken to analyze tissue @entity720 levels. RESULTS: Anastomotic bursting pressure was significantly higher in Group C than in Group @entity3147 and Group P (p<0.05), and it was significantly higher in Group P than in Group @entity3147 (p<0.05). Tissue @entity720 levels in Group P were found to be significantly higher than those in Group @entity3147 and Group C (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: One week of preoperative nutritional support increases collagen synthesis in the colon and positively affects anastomotic healing under malnourished conditions.

title: Effects of preoperative nutritional support on colonic anastomotic healing in malnourished XXXX .

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyproline']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition', 'M']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Pregnant @entity1 receive immunoglobulin preparations for the prevention of connatal viral @entity281 of the newborn in the case of impending or manifest maternal @entity281 . In the past, class G immunoglobulin preparations could only be given intramuscularly because of possible antigen independent complement activation by the Fc-part of the IgG molecule when administered intravenously. The I. M. application results in a delay in reaching maximum serum levels, and the levels are much lower compared to I. V. application. Today, I. V. tolerable IgG preparations exist because methods have been developed either to remove or to modify the IgG Fc-part. As the Fc-part is necessary for the placental transport of antibodies, the above mentioned manipulation can drastically impair the transport. In this study, an anti-HBs seronegative pregnant @entity1 received an anti-HBs IgG preparation (greater than or equal to 500 IU anti-HBs) intravenously. These IgG molecules are rendered I. V. tolerable by modification of the Fc-part with @entity17078 (beta-PL). At delivery, the newborn's serum anti-HBs concentration was 13 mIU per ml, the mother's 35 mIU per ml. This result clearly demonstrates that IgG molecules which have been modified by treatment with beta-PL are transported from the circulation of the mother across the placenta to the fetus. The role of intravenously tolerable hyperimmunoglobulins with special respect to beta-PL treated preparations for the prevention of connatal @entity281 is discussed.

title: Placental transfer of class G immunoglobulins treated with XXXX (beta-PL) for intravenous application--a case report.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity17078 :: ('MESH:D011420', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-propiolactone']

answer: @entity17078 :: (MESH:D011420,Chemical) :: ['beta-propiolactone']


abstract: Severe @entity299 in pregnancy may be complicated by reduced placental perfusion and subsequent fetal deprivation. In the present study we have evaluated one fetal parameter that may thus be affected, namely fetal activity. The study group included @entity1 with @entity6331 : 36 @entity1 with mild and 5 with severe disease. Each counted fetal movements 3 times a day and from this the daily fetal movement recording was calculated. One hundred and twenty @entity1 with normal pregnancies were the controls. The mild cases had fetal activity which was similar to that of the controls. The severe cases had reduced fetal activity, which was significant statistically at 29 to 32 weeks of gestation. Three in the severe disease group had marked decrease of fetal movements on admission to hospital. A return to normal fetal activity was observed following improvement of the maternal cardiac state. As was previously suggested for other high and low risk pregnancies, the maternal perception and counting of fetal movements may aid the fetal surveillance of @entity1 with @entity6331 .

title: Fetal activity in pregnancies complicated by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women']

entities_list: @entity6331 :: ('MESH:D012214', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

answer: @entity6331 :: (MESH:D012214,Disease) :: ['rheumatic heart disease']


abstract: Nephrotoxicity remains a major limitation in the use of @entity900 [ @entity900 ]. Although several strategies are in use to limit this serious side effect, none is fully satisfactory. Classical pharmacokinetic studies of @entity900 have been based on blood and urine samples. As nephrotoxicity plays a significant role in the design of the therapeutic strategy, the kidneys should be considered as a separate state in any model formulated for ultimate control purposes. Previous studies of organ pharmacokinetics have relied on population measurements. The authors have developed an organ compartmental model from individual animal data obtained noninvasively. The eight-compartment model used to represent the distribution of @entity900 considers free and bound @entity902 in plasma, @entity902 in the erythrocytes, mobile and bound @entity902 in the kidneys, mobile and bound @entity902 in the tissues, and @entity902 in the urine. Data were collected from experiments with anesthetized female @entity35 , after intravenous administration of [195mPt] @entity900 . Both arterial and bladder samples, and multiple images obtained with an Anger camera interfaced to a microcomputer were used. The model was estimated from individual data obtained after injection of a bolus of @entity900 (six animals). The model was validated by using it to predict data obtained from forcing the system with a different input function, a 0.5-h intravenous infusion (three animals). The results of this work show that it is possible to noninvasively study drug kinetics in organs that are not readily accessible to direct measurements in an individual, rather than relying on invasive measurements performed on a population.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Noninvasive estimation of bound and mobile XXXX compounds in the kidney using a radiopharmacokinetic model.

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['platinum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the most common @entity5 in @entity1 in the whole world. Despite significant developments in the early diagnosis of @entity0 , there is no effective method which would assure total recovery of the @entity1 . Currently available clinical data and laboratory tests indicate a possibility to introduce photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the supplementary treatment of @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of PDT with Photolon as a photosensibilizator on the expression of apoptosis associated genes ( @entity588 , @entity589 , @entity876 ) in @entity1 @entity0 cell lines, preceded by assessment of survivorship and proliferative activity in the tested cells after PDT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study @entity1 @entity0 cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D were used. Photolon (chlorin e6 complex: PVP 1:1) was used as a photosensitizer. Assessments of survivorship and proliferative activity of cells under the influence of PDT (WST-1 test) were conducted along with the expression of selected genes involved in the process of apoptosis: @entity588 , @entity589 , @entity876 (RT-QPCR). RESULTS: PDT limited both survivorship and proliferative activity of @entity0 cells in the two tested lines. In case of T-47D cell line was found increase of @entity589 and @entity588 genes expression after PDT and sustained activity of @entity876 gene. Conversely, in MCF-7 cell line a decrease in expression was found for both @entity589 and @entity876 genes, but also an increase of @entity588 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: A progressing decrease (24, 48 and 72 h after PDT) in the count of culture cells, which suggests the occurrence of apoptosis initiated by a photodynamic reaction with simultaneous increase of @entity588 / @entity589 index, indicates activation of a different endogenous apoptosis pathway than the one examined, namely pointing to suicidal death of cells after PDT.

title: Expression of proapoptotic @entity589 and @entity876 genes and antiapoptotic @entity588 gene in MCF-7 and T-47D XXXX cell cultures of the mammary gland after a photodynamic therapy with photolon.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumour']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the most common @entity5 in @entity1 in the whole world. Despite significant developments in the early diagnosis of @entity0 , there is no effective method which would assure total recovery of the @entity1 . Currently available clinical data and laboratory tests indicate a possibility to introduce photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the supplementary treatment of @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of PDT with Photolon as a photosensibilizator on the expression of apoptosis associated genes ( @entity588 , @entity589 , @entity876 ) in @entity1 @entity0 cell lines, preceded by assessment of survivorship and proliferative activity in the tested cells after PDT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study @entity1 @entity0 cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D were used. Photolon (chlorin e6 complex: PVP 1:1) was used as a photosensitizer. Assessments of survivorship and proliferative activity of cells under the influence of PDT (WST-1 test) were conducted along with the expression of selected genes involved in the process of apoptosis: @entity588 , @entity589 , @entity876 (RT-QPCR). RESULTS: PDT limited both survivorship and proliferative activity of @entity0 cells in the two tested lines. In case of T-47D cell line was found increase of @entity589 and @entity588 genes expression after PDT and sustained activity of @entity876 gene. Conversely, in MCF-7 cell line a decrease in expression was found for both @entity589 and @entity876 genes, but also an increase of @entity588 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: A progressing decrease (24, 48 and 72 h after PDT) in the count of culture cells, which suggests the occurrence of apoptosis initiated by a photodynamic reaction with simultaneous increase of @entity588 / @entity589 index, indicates activation of a different endogenous apoptosis pathway than the one examined, namely pointing to suicidal death of cells after PDT.

title: Expression of proapoptotic @entity589 and XXXX genes and antiapoptotic @entity588 gene in MCF-7 and T-47D @entity5 cell cultures of the mammary gland after a photodynamic therapy with photolon.

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['TP53']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the most common @entity5 in @entity1 in the whole world. Despite significant developments in the early diagnosis of @entity0 , there is no effective method which would assure total recovery of the @entity1 . Currently available clinical data and laboratory tests indicate a possibility to introduce photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the supplementary treatment of @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of PDT with Photolon as a photosensibilizator on the expression of apoptosis associated genes ( @entity588 , @entity589 , @entity876 ) in @entity1 @entity0 cell lines, preceded by assessment of survivorship and proliferative activity in the tested cells after PDT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study @entity1 @entity0 cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D were used. Photolon (chlorin e6 complex: PVP 1:1) was used as a photosensitizer. Assessments of survivorship and proliferative activity of cells under the influence of PDT (WST-1 test) were conducted along with the expression of selected genes involved in the process of apoptosis: @entity588 , @entity589 , @entity876 (RT-QPCR). RESULTS: PDT limited both survivorship and proliferative activity of @entity0 cells in the two tested lines. In case of T-47D cell line was found increase of @entity589 and @entity588 genes expression after PDT and sustained activity of @entity876 gene. Conversely, in MCF-7 cell line a decrease in expression was found for both @entity589 and @entity876 genes, but also an increase of @entity588 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: A progressing decrease (24, 48 and 72 h after PDT) in the count of culture cells, which suggests the occurrence of apoptosis initiated by a photodynamic reaction with simultaneous increase of @entity588 / @entity589 index, indicates activation of a different endogenous apoptosis pathway than the one examined, namely pointing to suicidal death of cells after PDT.

title: Expression of proapoptotic XXXX and @entity876 genes and antiapoptotic @entity588 gene in MCF-7 and T-47D @entity5 cell cultures of the mammary gland after a photodynamic therapy with photolon.

answer: @entity589 :: (581,Gene) :: ['BAX']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the most common @entity5 in @entity1 in the whole world. Despite significant developments in the early diagnosis of @entity0 , there is no effective method which would assure total recovery of the @entity1 . Currently available clinical data and laboratory tests indicate a possibility to introduce photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the supplementary treatment of @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of PDT with Photolon as a photosensibilizator on the expression of apoptosis associated genes ( @entity588 , @entity589 , @entity876 ) in @entity1 @entity0 cell lines, preceded by assessment of survivorship and proliferative activity in the tested cells after PDT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study @entity1 @entity0 cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D were used. Photolon (chlorin e6 complex: PVP 1:1) was used as a photosensitizer. Assessments of survivorship and proliferative activity of cells under the influence of PDT (WST-1 test) were conducted along with the expression of selected genes involved in the process of apoptosis: @entity588 , @entity589 , @entity876 (RT-QPCR). RESULTS: PDT limited both survivorship and proliferative activity of @entity0 cells in the two tested lines. In case of T-47D cell line was found increase of @entity589 and @entity588 genes expression after PDT and sustained activity of @entity876 gene. Conversely, in MCF-7 cell line a decrease in expression was found for both @entity589 and @entity876 genes, but also an increase of @entity588 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: A progressing decrease (24, 48 and 72 h after PDT) in the count of culture cells, which suggests the occurrence of apoptosis initiated by a photodynamic reaction with simultaneous increase of @entity588 / @entity589 index, indicates activation of a different endogenous apoptosis pathway than the one examined, namely pointing to suicidal death of cells after PDT.

title: Expression of proapoptotic @entity589 and @entity876 genes and antiapoptotic XXXX gene in MCF-7 and T-47D @entity5 cell cultures of the mammary gland after a photodynamic therapy with photolon.

answer: @entity588 :: (596,Gene) :: ['BCL-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complications of @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) lead to increased mortality and reduced quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Polish @entity1 with @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) and in a matched sample from the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on HRQoL came from two non-interventional studies: a prospective study of @entity1 with @entity2175 and an EQ-5D study of Polish general population norms. The HRQoL analysis was conducted in four separate age groups: 32-44, 45-54, 55-64 and over 65 years old. We analyzed both subjective and objective assessment of HRQoL (EQ VAS and EQ-5D index) and the presence of restrictions within five dimensions of the EQ-5D descriptive part. RESULTS: A total of 274 @entity1 with @entity2175 and 214 representatives from the study of population norms were included. EQ VAS was systematically lower in @entity6 @entity1 as compared to the general population and decreased with age (68.2 vs 83.9, 62.4 vs 79.2; 54.9 vs 78.1, 50.2 vs 69.8 in consecutive age groups). A similar relationship was observed with the EQ-5D index. The largest mean differences were observed among subjects aged 55-64 years (EQ VAS: 23.2, EQ-5D index: 0.085). In three domains, i.e. self-care, usual activities and @entity148 / @entity308 , @entity1 with @entity6 who were over 45 years of age reported significantly more problems than respondents from the general population. CONCLUSIONS: Both subjective and objective HRQoL in @entity1 with @entity2175 was lower than in respondents similar in age from the general population. Compared with @entity164 2 @entity6 populations from other countries, Polish @entity1 are characterized by relatively high HRQoL objective assessment and very low subjective assessment.

title: Quality of life in @entity1 with type 2 XXXX with the general population using the EQ-5D questionnaire.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes in Poland - comparison']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complications of @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) lead to increased mortality and reduced quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Polish @entity1 with @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) and in a matched sample from the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on HRQoL came from two non-interventional studies: a prospective study of @entity1 with @entity2175 and an EQ-5D study of Polish general population norms. The HRQoL analysis was conducted in four separate age groups: 32-44, 45-54, 55-64 and over 65 years old. We analyzed both subjective and objective assessment of HRQoL (EQ VAS and EQ-5D index) and the presence of restrictions within five dimensions of the EQ-5D descriptive part. RESULTS: A total of 274 @entity1 with @entity2175 and 214 representatives from the study of population norms were included. EQ VAS was systematically lower in @entity6 @entity1 as compared to the general population and decreased with age (68.2 vs 83.9, 62.4 vs 79.2; 54.9 vs 78.1, 50.2 vs 69.8 in consecutive age groups). A similar relationship was observed with the EQ-5D index. The largest mean differences were observed among subjects aged 55-64 years (EQ VAS: 23.2, EQ-5D index: 0.085). In three domains, i.e. self-care, usual activities and @entity148 / @entity308 , @entity1 with @entity6 who were over 45 years of age reported significantly more problems than respondents from the general population. CONCLUSIONS: Both subjective and objective HRQoL in @entity1 with @entity2175 was lower than in respondents similar in age from the general population. Compared with @entity164 2 @entity6 populations from other countries, Polish @entity1 are characterized by relatively high HRQoL objective assessment and very low subjective assessment.

title: Quality of life in XXXX with type 2 @entity6 with the general population using the EQ-5D questionnaire.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Given the paucity of literature on outpatient @entity4037 repair (VHR), and that assessment of the safety of outpatient surgical procedures is becoming an active area of investigation, we have performed a multi-institutional retrospective analysis benchmarking rates of 30-day complications and readmissions and identifying predictive factors for these outcomes. METHODS: National surgical quality improvement project data files from 2011 to 2012 were reviewed to collect data on all @entity1 undergoing outpatient VHR during that period. The incidence of 30-day peri-operative complication and unplanned readmission was surveyed. We created a multivariate regression model to identify predictive factors for overall, surgical, and medical complications and unplanned readmissions with proper risk adjustment. RESULTS: 30-day complication and readmission rates in outpatient VHR were acceptably low. 3  % of the queried outpatients experienced an overall complication, 2.1  % a surgical complication, and 1.1  % a medical complication. 3.3  % of all @entity1 were readmitted within 30  days. Upon multivariate analysis, predictors of overall complications included age, BMI, history of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ), and total operation time, predictors of surgical complications included age, BMI, total operation time, predictors of medical complications included total operation time, and predictors of unplanned readmissions included history of @entity1030 , @entity3459 , American Society of Anesthesiologists Class 3, 4, or 5, total operation time, and use of the laparoscopic technique. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that the risk of peri-operative morbidity in VHR as granularly defined in our study is low in the outpatient setting. Identification of predictive factors will be important to @entity1 risk stratification.

title: Assessing the safety of outpatient XXXX repair: a NSQIP analysis of 7666 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding disorder']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['COPD', 'Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['ventral hernia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Given the paucity of literature on outpatient @entity4037 repair (VHR), and that assessment of the safety of outpatient surgical procedures is becoming an active area of investigation, we have performed a multi-institutional retrospective analysis benchmarking rates of 30-day complications and readmissions and identifying predictive factors for these outcomes. METHODS: National surgical quality improvement project data files from 2011 to 2012 were reviewed to collect data on all @entity1 undergoing outpatient VHR during that period. The incidence of 30-day peri-operative complication and unplanned readmission was surveyed. We created a multivariate regression model to identify predictive factors for overall, surgical, and medical complications and unplanned readmissions with proper risk adjustment. RESULTS: 30-day complication and readmission rates in outpatient VHR were acceptably low. 3  % of the queried outpatients experienced an overall complication, 2.1  % a surgical complication, and 1.1  % a medical complication. 3.3  % of all @entity1 were readmitted within 30  days. Upon multivariate analysis, predictors of overall complications included age, BMI, history of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ), and total operation time, predictors of surgical complications included age, BMI, total operation time, predictors of medical complications included total operation time, and predictors of unplanned readmissions included history of @entity1030 , @entity3459 , American Society of Anesthesiologists Class 3, 4, or 5, total operation time, and use of the laparoscopic technique. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that the risk of peri-operative morbidity in VHR as granularly defined in our study is low in the outpatient setting. Identification of predictive factors will be important to @entity1 risk stratification.

title: Assessing the safety of outpatient @entity4037 repair: a NSQIP analysis of 7666 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of @entity1476 ( @entity1476 ), @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ), and @entity2843 ( @entity2843 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity480 . Our study group consisted of 24 @entity1 -21 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 , aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97    11.60)-with @entity1412 who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 @entity1 -6 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 , aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90    14.22)-without @entity480 who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, @entity655 , and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that @entity1476 , @entity1495 , and @entity2843 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as @entity1 ' ages and the duration of @entity1127 increased. We conclude that the most important role that @entity1476 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and @entity4 in the extracellular matrix. An increase in @entity1476 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in @entity82 of the @entity1127 . An increase of @entity1495 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth.

title: The role of @entity1476 , XXXX , and @entity2843 in the pathogenesis of @entity480 : Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1476 :: ('4313', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-2', 'MMP-2']

entities_list: @entity2843 :: ('7076', 'Gene') :: ['TIMP-1', 'tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-9', 'matrix metalloproteinase-9']

entities_list: @entity655 :: ('MESH:C535504', 'Disease') :: ['subepithelial layer of the lamina propria']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyposis']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyps']

answer: @entity1495 :: (4318,Gene) :: ['MMP-9']


abstract: We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of @entity1476 ( @entity1476 ), @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ), and @entity2843 ( @entity2843 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity480 . Our study group consisted of 24 @entity1 -21 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 , aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97    11.60)-with @entity1412 who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 @entity1 -6 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 , aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90    14.22)-without @entity480 who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, @entity655 , and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that @entity1476 , @entity1495 , and @entity2843 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as @entity1 ' ages and the duration of @entity1127 increased. We conclude that the most important role that @entity1476 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and @entity4 in the extracellular matrix. An increase in @entity1476 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in @entity82 of the @entity1127 . An increase of @entity1495 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth.

title: The role of XXXX , @entity1495 , and @entity2843 in the pathogenesis of @entity480 : Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa.

answer: @entity1476 :: (4313,Gene) :: ['MMP-2']


abstract: We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of @entity1476 ( @entity1476 ), @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ), and @entity2843 ( @entity2843 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity480 . Our study group consisted of 24 @entity1 -21 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 , aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97    11.60)-with @entity1412 who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 @entity1 -6 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 , aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90    14.22)-without @entity480 who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, @entity655 , and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that @entity1476 , @entity1495 , and @entity2843 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as @entity1 ' ages and the duration of @entity1127 increased. We conclude that the most important role that @entity1476 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and @entity4 in the extracellular matrix. An increase in @entity1476 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in @entity82 of the @entity1127 . An increase of @entity1495 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth.

title: The role of @entity1476 , @entity1495 , and XXXX in the pathogenesis of @entity480 : Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa.

answer: @entity2843 :: (7076,Gene) :: ['TIMP-1']


abstract: We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of @entity1476 ( @entity1476 ), @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ), and @entity2843 ( @entity2843 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity480 . Our study group consisted of 24 @entity1 -21 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 , aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97    11.60)-with @entity1412 who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 @entity1 -6 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 , aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90    14.22)-without @entity480 who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, @entity655 , and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that @entity1476 , @entity1495 , and @entity2843 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as @entity1 ' ages and the duration of @entity1127 increased. We conclude that the most important role that @entity1476 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and @entity4 in the extracellular matrix. An increase in @entity1476 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in @entity82 of the @entity1127 . An increase of @entity1495 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth.

title: The role of @entity1476 , @entity1495 , and @entity2843 in the pathogenesis of XXXX : Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa.

answer: @entity480 :: (MESH:D009298,Disease) :: ['nasal polyps']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Selection of the best oocyte for subsequent steps of fertilization and embryo transfer was shown to be the crucial step in @entity1 @entity249 treatment procedure. Oocyte selection using morphological criteria mainly Zona pellucida (ZP) has been the gold standard method in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) clinics, but this selection approach has limitations in terms of accuracy, objectivity and constancy. Recent studies using OMICs-based approaches have allowed the identification of key molecular markers that quantitatively and non-invasively predict the oocyte quality for higher pregnancy rates and efficient @entity249 treatment. These biomarkers are a valuable reinforcement of the morphological selection criteria widely used in @entity52 ( @entity52 ) clinics. In this context, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between transcriptomic predictors of oocyte quality found by our group and the conventional morphological parameters of oocyte quality mainly the ZP birefringence. RESULTS: Microarray data revealed that 48 and 27 differentially expressed candidate genes in cumulus cells (CCs) were respectively overexpressed and underexpressed in the ZGP (Zona Good Pregnant) versus ZBNP (Zona Bad Non Pregnant) groups. More than 70% of previously reported transcriptomic biomarkers of oocyte developmental competence were confirmed in this study. The analysis of possible association between ZP birefringence versus molecular markers approach showed an absence of correlation between them using the current set of markers. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested a new integrative approach that matches morphological and molecular approaches used to select developmentally competent oocytes able to lead to successful pregnancy and the delivery of healthy baby. For each ZP birefringence score, oocytes displayed a particular CCs' gene expression pattern. However, no correlations were found between the 7 gene biomarkers of oocyte developmental potential and the ZP birefringence score. Further studies using larger lists of candidate markers are required to identify suitable genes that are highly correlated with the morphological criteria, and therefore able to reinforce the accuracy of oocyte selection and the effectiveness of @entity249 treatment.

title: Use of both cumulus cells' transcriptomic markers and zona pellucida birefringence to select developmentally competent oocytes in XXXX assisted reproductive technologies.

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['in vitro fertilization', 'IVF']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Owing toGiven the high costs of drugs to treat @entity6371 ( @entity6371 ), the Green Light Committee (GLC) initiative enables @entity1906 programs to procure quality-assured drugs at reduced prices. Despite price reductions, internationally quality assured (IQA) drugs can be more expensive than locally procured drugs. There is little evidence to inform decision-makers about whether IQA drugs are more effective than local drugs. This is the first study to compare outcomes between @entity6371 @entity1 treated using IQA, and locally procured drugs in the same hospitals during the same time period. METHODS/FINDINGS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in three hospitals across Pakistan. Data on baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes during the first six months of treatment were extracted from hospital records of adult culture-positive pulmonary @entity6371 @entity1 starting treatment between January 2011 and June 2012. Two cohorts were defined: @entity1 receiving IQA drugs, and @entity1 receiving locally procured non-IQA drugs. Data were analysed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression. The primary outcome compared between cohorts was time to culture conversion. Of 231 @entity1 , 90 were in the IQA and 141 in the non-IQA cohorts. Baseline characteristics were similar except for higher frequency of @entity1536 resistance in the IQA cohort. Overall, 193 @entity1 (84%) culture converted. Culture conversion was not faster in the IQA cohort; the median time was 81 and 68 days in the IQA and non-IQA cohorts, respectively. Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for culture conversion in IQA verses non-IQA cohorts were 0.82 (95%-CI, 0.62-1.10) and 0.95 (95%-CI, 0.66-1.36) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Use of good quality, locally procured drugs can be effective in treating @entity6371 , may involve lower costs than using IQA drugs and could strengthen developing country drug quality assurance systems. This may be a suitable alternative in lieu of or whilst awaiting arrival of internationally procured medicines.

title: Good quality locally procured drugs can be as effective as internationally quality assured drugs in treating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6371 :: ('MESH:D018088', 'Disease') :: ['MDR-TB', 'multi-drug resistant tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1536 :: ('CHEBI:23765', 'Chemical') :: ['quinolone']

answer: @entity6371 :: (MESH:D018088,Disease) :: ['multi-drug resistant tuberculosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: MRI sensitively depicts @entity2681 , @entity236 ( @entity236 ) and @entity603 in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Recently developed European League Against @entity627 (EULAR) recommendations stated that MRI is valuable to improve the certainty of a considered diagnosis and to detect structural damage at an early time point. However, these recommendations were mainly based on the data of @entity1 with @entity309 ; prevalences of MRI features in the general population were not extensively explored. We reviewed the literature on MRI studies including symptom-free @entity1 to assess the occurrence of MRI features. METHODS: Medical literature databases up to September 2013 were systematically reviewed for symptom-free @entity1 with MRI data on metacarpophalangeal, wrist and @entity2720 . Data were extracted and summarised. When allowed because of comparable scanning and scoring protocols, a mean frequency of features was calculated. RESULTS: Of the 338 articles screened, 31 studies evaluated MRI findings in symptom-free @entity1 (n=516 in total). Both the imaging techniques (<1/>= 1   T, with/without contrast enhancement) and the scoring methods (non-validated or @entity309 MRI score (RAMRIS)) varied widely, prohibiting direct comparisons of the results of many studies. 15 studies scored data according to RAMRIS; combining data of similar joint regions showed that @entity2681 (RAMRIS >= 1) were present in 33-52% of symptom-free @entity1 . Similarly, @entity603 was present in 27% and @entity236 in 0-16% of symptom-free @entity1 . The prevalence of MRI-detected @entity2681 increased with age. CONCLUSIONS: MRI features, @entity2681 in particular, occur frequently in symptom-free @entity1 . Before MRI can be implemented in the diagnostic process, larger studies should be conducted determining the degree and combination of MRI features that are disease specific.

title: What is the prevalence of MRI-detected inflammation and XXXX in small joints in the general population? A collation and analysis of published data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatism']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['metatarsophalangeal joints']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow edema', 'BME']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity2681 :: (MESH:D014077,Disease) :: ['erosions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Central nervous system (CNS) involvement by @entity5 is well-recognized and typically presents with multifocal solid @entity5 within the brain @entity6831 . We describe herein a histologically very rare case of CNS @entity3 in a 52-year-old @entity1 who presented with mental status changes. Post mortem examination revealed extensive CNS involvement by metastatic @entity0 , characterized by the presence of @entity5 cells diffusely present within capillaries without parenchymal or perivascular invasion, and acute ischemic changes/ @entity1188 bilaterally involving multiple areas. The @entity5 cells were found predominantly in the cerebral cortices and deep gray matter structures. Pre-mortem magnetic resonance and CT imaging of the brain did not identify @entity5 ; however, widespread ischemic changes (i.e. @entity4798 ) were identified. Inflammatory @entity0 is well-known to have a predilection for spread through lymphovascular spaces. Post mortem examination revealed @entity5 involvement of bilateral lungs, heart and bladder, with sinusoidal spread in the liver and lymph nodes and prominent involvement of the splenic red pulp in addition to extensive vascular involvement of the brain and spinal cord without a discrete mass, despite the presence of widely metastatic disease. The @entity5 cells in the CNS were strongly immunoreactive for pancytokeratin, @entity5962 , @entity5822 , epithelial membrane antigen and CAM 5.2. This unique histologic pattern of @entity5 spread is considered to represent "intravascular @entity189 " in the CNS, and most likely the cause of the @entity1 's widespread ischemic injuries.

title: Intravascular @entity189 of central nervous system due to metastatic XXXX : A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['brain infarcts']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'inflammatory breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'single tumor', 'cancer', 'metastatic cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity6831 :: ('MESH:D004673', 'Disease') :: ['parenchyma or leptomeningeal dissemination']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['inflammatory breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Central nervous system (CNS) involvement by @entity5 is well-recognized and typically presents with multifocal solid @entity5 within the brain @entity6831 . We describe herein a histologically very rare case of CNS @entity3 in a 52-year-old @entity1 who presented with mental status changes. Post mortem examination revealed extensive CNS involvement by metastatic @entity0 , characterized by the presence of @entity5 cells diffusely present within capillaries without parenchymal or perivascular invasion, and acute ischemic changes/ @entity1188 bilaterally involving multiple areas. The @entity5 cells were found predominantly in the cerebral cortices and deep gray matter structures. Pre-mortem magnetic resonance and CT imaging of the brain did not identify @entity5 ; however, widespread ischemic changes (i.e. @entity4798 ) were identified. Inflammatory @entity0 is well-known to have a predilection for spread through lymphovascular spaces. Post mortem examination revealed @entity5 involvement of bilateral lungs, heart and bladder, with sinusoidal spread in the liver and lymph nodes and prominent involvement of the splenic red pulp in addition to extensive vascular involvement of the brain and spinal cord without a discrete mass, despite the presence of widely metastatic disease. The @entity5 cells in the CNS were strongly immunoreactive for pancytokeratin, @entity5962 , @entity5822 , epithelial membrane antigen and CAM 5.2. This unique histologic pattern of @entity5 spread is considered to represent "intravascular @entity189 " in the CNS, and most likely the cause of the @entity1 's widespread ischemic injuries.

title: Intravascular XXXX of central nervous system due to metastatic @entity0 : A case report.

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinomatosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Fatigue is prevalent and disabling in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Surprisingly, the long-term course of @entity1295 is studied seldom and it is unclear to what extent it is influenced by @entity32 . This study aimed to determine the course of @entity1295 during 8   years follow-up, its association with the severity of @entity32 and the effect of improved treatment strategies. METHODS: 626 @entity1 with @entity309 included in the Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic cohort were studied during 8   years. Fatigue severity, measured on a 0-100   mm scale, and other clinical variables were assessed yearly. @entity1 included in 1993-1995, 1996-1998 and 1999-2007 were treated with delayed treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), early treatment with mild DMARDs and early treatment with @entity1499 respectively. After multiple imputation, the serial measurements were analysed using linear quantile mixed models. RESULTS: Median @entity1295 severity at baseline was 45   mm and remained, despite treatment, rather stable thereafter. Female gender (effect size=4.4   mm), younger age (0.2   mm less @entity1295 /year), higher swollen and tender joint counts (0.3   mm and 1.0   mm more @entity1295 /swollen or tender joint) and @entity1851 -levels (0.1   mm more @entity1295 per mg/L) were independently and significantly (p<0.05) associated with @entity1295 severity over 8   years. Although improved treatment strategies associated with less severe radiographic progression, there was no effect on @entity1295 severity (p=0.96). CONCLUSIONS: This largest longitudinal study on @entity1295 so far demonstrated that the association between @entity32 and @entity1295 is statistically significant but effect sizes are small, suggesting that non-inflammatory pathways mediate @entity1295 as well. Improved treatment strategies did not result in less severe @entity1295 . Therefore, @entity1295 in @entity309 remains an 'unmet need'.

title: Fatigue in XXXX ; a persistent problem: a large longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C reactive protein']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of @entity7334 ( @entity7334 ) injection for knee @entity571 (KOA) is debated. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of @entity7334 for @entity1 with KOA by analysing data from trials of @entity7334 versus placebo with low risk of bias, to provide the highest level of evidence. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a low risk of bias (adequate randomisation and concealment and double-blind design) that investigated @entity7334 versus placebo (saline solution) injection were eligible. The primary efficacy measure was @entity158 intensity and secondary outcome function at 3   months. The treatment effect was summarised with the standardised mean difference (SMD) calculated from differences in means of @entity158 and function measures between treatment and control groups at 3   months. Trials were pooled by a random-effects model with DerSimonian and Laird weights. Statistical heterogeneity was explored by a visual exploration of forest plots and the I(2) statistic. RESULTS: A total of eight RCTs (2 199 randomised @entity1 ) met our inclusion criteria. @entity7334 significantly reduced the @entity158 intensity (SMD=-0.21, 95% CI (95% CI) -0.32 to -0.10) and improved function (SMD=-0.12, 95% CI -0.22 to -0.02). Trials showed no heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis of high-quality trials of @entity7334 versus placebo shows that @entity7334 provides a moderate but real benefit for @entity1 with KOA.

title: Hyaluronan for knee XXXX : an updated meta-analysis of trials with low risk of bias.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity7334 :: ('MESH:D057072', 'Disease') :: ['IAHA', 'intra-articular hyaluronic acid']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Terpenoids demonstrate pharmacologic activities that address important mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of several cutaneous diseases. This review evaluated clinical trials of dermatology-specific terpenoid-based treatments. METHODS: PubMed and EMBASE were reviewed on July 8, 2014. Two independent reviewers reviewed studies for inclusion and extracted data for studies meeting eligibility criteria. References were manually reviewed for potentially relevant studies. RESULTS: The search yielded 437 unique abstracts, of which 13 met inclusion and exclusion criteria. High-quality evidence suggests that @entity32990 may be effective in treating @entity2517 . Limited available evidence indicates that @entity6399 may benefit @entity1 with @entity1489 , @entity9281 , @entity2117 , photoaging, and wounds. CONCLUSIONS: Terpenoids appear to be effective in treating specific dermatologic conditions. However, additional rigorously conducted clinical trials are needed to better ascertain efficacy.

title: Novel Use of XXXX for Treatment of Dermatologic Diseases: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.

entities_list: @entity6399 :: ('MESH:D013729', 'Chemical') :: ['terpenoids']

entities_list: @entity2517 :: ('MESH:D055623', 'Disease') :: ['actinic keratosis']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['nonmelanoma skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity2117 :: ('MESH:D017495', 'Disease') :: ['hyperpigmentation']

entities_list: @entity32990 :: ('MESH:C486592', 'Chemical') :: ['ingenol mebutate']

entities_list: @entity9281 :: ('MESH:D002179', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous candidiasis']

answer: @entity6399 :: (MESH:D013729,Chemical) :: ['Terpenoids']


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity470 and @entity1722 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity788 @entity1 after first-line @entity136 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity1 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity1 ), @entity137 were evenly distributed except for @entity137 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity1 ), @entity137 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity1 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity137 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity137 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity137 are not considered dose-limiting @entity137 . The compliance issues caused by @entity137 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity137 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity470 / @entity470 and @entity1722 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity1 with metastatic XXXX after @entity136 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'skin toxicities', 'skin toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity470 and @entity1722 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity788 @entity1 after first-line @entity136 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity1 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity1 ), @entity137 were evenly distributed except for @entity137 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity1 ), @entity137 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity1 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity137 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity137 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity137 are not considered dose-limiting @entity137 . The compliance issues caused by @entity137 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity137 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity470 / @entity470 and XXXX with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 after @entity136 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity470 and @entity1722 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity788 @entity1 after first-line @entity136 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity1 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity1 ), @entity137 were evenly distributed except for @entity137 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity1 ), @entity137 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity1 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity137 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity137 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity137 are not considered dose-limiting @entity137 . The compliance issues caused by @entity137 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity137 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity470 / @entity470 and @entity1722 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 after XXXX failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity470 and @entity1722 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity788 @entity1 after first-line @entity136 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity1 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity1 ), @entity137 were evenly distributed except for @entity137 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity1 ), @entity137 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity1 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity137 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity137 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity137 are not considered dose-limiting @entity137 . The compliance issues caused by @entity137 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity137 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of XXXX / @entity470 and @entity1722 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 after @entity136 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['HER1']


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity470 and @entity1722 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity788 @entity1 after first-line @entity136 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity1 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity1 ), @entity137 were evenly distributed except for @entity137 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity1 ), @entity137 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity1 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity137 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity137 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity137 are not considered dose-limiting @entity137 . The compliance issues caused by @entity137 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity137 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity470 / XXXX and @entity1722 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 after @entity136 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['EGFR']


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity470 and @entity1722 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity788 @entity1 after first-line @entity136 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity1 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity1 ), @entity137 were evenly distributed except for @entity137 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity1 ), @entity137 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity1 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity137 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity137 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity137 are not considered dose-limiting @entity137 . The compliance issues caused by @entity137 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity137 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity470 / @entity470 and @entity1722 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in XXXX with metastatic @entity788 after @entity136 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Dramatic improvements in the outcomes of @entity1 with @entity5 have occurred over the past 30 years. Advances in surgical pathology, refinements in surgical techniques and instrumentation, new imaging modalities, and the widespread use of neoadjuvant therapy have all contributed to these improvements. Several questions emerge as we learn of the benefits or lack thereof for components of the current multimodality treatment in subgroups of @entity1 with nonmetastatic locally advanced @entity5 (LARC). What is the optimal surgical technique for @entity5 ? Do all @entity1 need postoperative chemotherapy? Do all @entity1 need radiation? Do all @entity1 need surgery, or is a nonoperative, organ-preserving approach warranted in selected @entity1 ? Answering these questions will lead to more precise treatment regimens, based on @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics, that will improve outcomes while preserving quality of life. However, the idea of shifting the treatment paradigm (chemoradiotherapy, total mesorectal excision, and adjuvant therapy) currently applied to all @entity1 with LARC to a more individually tailored approach is controversial. The paradigm shift toward organ preservation in highly selected @entity1 whose @entity5 demonstrate clinical complete response to neoadjuvant treatment is also controversial. Herein, we highlight many of the advances and resultant controversies that are likely to dominate the research agenda for LARC in the modern era.

title: Advances and challenges in treatment of locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'distal rectal cancers', 'rectal cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: @entity7062 ( @entity7062 ) is a vasopressin peptide analog with hemostatic properties that has been successfully used during surgery in @entity1 with @entity3459 . Recently published experimental and clinical data indicate that perioperative administration of @entity7062 can minimize spread and survival of residual mammary @entity5 cells. The central aim of this study was to explore the effect of perioperative @entity7062 and its relation to histologic grade in bitches with locally advanced @entity189 . Of the 32 @entity235 initially recruited, 28 intact bitches with @entity189 tumors stage III or IV were ultimately included. These @entity235 were randomized to receive @entity7062 at intravenous doses of 1  g/kg (n=18) or saline solution as placebo (n=10). En bloc mastectomy of the affected gland(s) was performed. @entity5 was graded by the method of Elston and Ellis into well-differentiated (grade 1), moderately differentiated (grade 2), or poorly differentiated (grade 3). @entity7062 therapy significantly prolonged the disease-free survival (P<0.001) and overall survival (P<0.01) in bitches with grade 2 or 3 @entity189 compared with bitches in the control group. No significant difference in disease-free period or overall survival was found between treatment groups in bitches with grade 1 @entity5 . The present data suggest that @entity7062 may be an excellent candidate as a surgical adjuvant in the management of @entity5 in small animals. More research in this field is warranted.

title: Effect of adjuvant perioperative desmopressin in locally advanced @entity235 XXXX and its relation to histologic grade.

entities_list: @entity7062 :: ('MESH:D003894', 'Chemical') :: ['DDAVP', 'Desmopressin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumor malignancy', 'cancer', 'aggressive cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'mammary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding disorders']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['mammary carcinoma']