abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary phytoestrogens are ligands for the @entity172 receptor and may mimic estrogenic effects in vivo. OBJECTIVE: To assess the biological activity of @entity3093 phytoestrogens, we analyzed the effect of dietary soy @entity3093 supplementation on in vivo bioassays of estrogenicity. DESIGN: Fifty healthy postmenopausal @entity1 aged 50-75 y participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which they received either soy protein isolate (40 g soy protein, 118 mg @entity6400 ) or casein placebo. Measurements were made at baseline and at 3 mo. Urinary @entity3093 excretion was measured to reflect compliance. The bioassays of estrogenicity included measurement of hepatic proteins and gonadotropin concentrations. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the soy and placebo groups. Urinary @entity3093 excretion increased in the soy group and at the end of 3 mo was higher in the soy group than in the placebo group. In plasma samples from both groups, C-reactive protein increased significantly over the 3-mo treatment period, whereas sex hormone-binding globulin and thyroid-binding globulin decreased significantly. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in hepatic protein synthesis (change over 3 mo +/- SEM in the soy and placebo groups, respectively): C-reactive protein, 0.42 +/- 0.2 and 0.48 +/- 0.2 U/mL; sex hormone-binding globulin, -6.9 +/- 1.5 and -10.0 +/- 2.1 micro g/mL; thyroid-binding globulin, -16 +/- 8 and -26 +/- 7 nmol/L. Furthermore, gonadotropin and @entity9027 concentrations did not change significantly in either group. CONCLUSIONS: In healthy postmenopausal @entity1 , dietary soy @entity6400 do not affect in vivo biological indicators of estrogenicity, including hepatic protein synthesis and gonadotropin concentrations. This suggests that soy @entity6400 have little biologically relevant estrogenic effect in vivo in postmenopausal @entity1 .

title: Dietary soy containing phytoestrogens does not have detectable estrogenic effects on hepatic protein synthesis in postmenopausal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity3093 :: ('CHEBI:18220', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavone']

entities_list: @entity9027 :: ('MESH:D019314', 'Chemical') :: ['dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate']

entities_list: @entity6400 :: ('MESH:D007529', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavones']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Forty-eight @entity1 underwent electrical stimulation of the brain for treatment of @entity1118 between 1978 and 1983. Average @entity158 duration prior to treatment was 4.5 years. Before selection for this procedure @entity1 underwent @entity158 treatment in a multidisciplinary @entity158 center, intensive psychological and @entity146 evaluation, and assessment of @entity158 responsiveness to intravenous administration of placebo, @entity1286 , and @entity1510 . A total of 71 electrodes were placed in the 48 @entity1 at a variety of stimulating targets, including the periaqueductal gray matter, periventricular gray matter, thalamus, and internal capsule. Seventy-two percent of @entity1 experienced complete or partial @entity158 relief. In addition, 59% of @entity1 were able to discontinue narcotic usage. Twenty-five percent of @entity1 returned to normal physical activities and another 33% showed marked improvement in functional capacity. Follow-up periods ranged from 2 to 60 months; with a mean follow-up period of 20 months. A variety of relatively minor complications occurred, but no mortality or permanent sequelae were experienced. No @entity1 's @entity158 was made worse as a result of electrical stimulation. Electrical stimulation of the brain offers a safe and relatively effective method for the treatment of @entity1118 in appropriately selected @entity1 , who are unresponsive to other forms of therapy.

title: Electrical stimulation of the brain in treatment of XXXX . Experience over 5 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: There are three surgical methods utilized in treating glottic insufficiency: laryngeal framework surgery, reinnervation procedures and injection medialization. The trend towards the use of less invasive procedures led us to focus on injection medialization in this study. The advantages of vocal fold injection are that the procedure requires no external incisions, is easily applicable and can be applied in an office setting. Furthermore, injection medialization is applicable in cases of @entity3202 vocal fold and vocal fold scarring. In developing injection medialization, laryngologists are in search of an "ideal material" that should be biocompatible and resistant to resorption. In the initial applications of this method, synthetic materials were used. In the past 2 decades, however, researchers have become more and more interested in the advantages of biological materials. In our animal study, we investigated the behavior of AlloDerm and autologous skin injected in the quadriceps muscles of @entity35 . The materials were easily injected. Histopathological and volumetric analyses were done; the @entity35 were sacrificed the 1st day post-injection and subsequently in the 1st, 3rd and 6th months. AlloDerm's absorption levels were generally high, and its @entity32 and @entity82 levels were low and medium. In the 6th month, histiocytic foreign body reaction was observed. The mean graft yield was 4.5%. Autologous skin results for @entity32 and @entity82 levels were similar to those of AlloDerm. However, no foreign body reaction was observed in AS injected muscle. The graft yield was 74.6%. The growth of keratin cysts had an effect on the results of the graft yield.

title: Evaluation of alloderm and autologous skin in quadriceps muscles of XXXX for injection laryngoplasty.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: @entity1 @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) expression has been reported as a marker for @entity5 systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relative expression of @entity2215 (relhTERT) and its transcripts A+B+ (contained in the full-length product), Adel and Bdel in @entity816 (grades I-IV, n=38). relhTERT was assessed by duplex reverse transcription-PCR and the expression profile of Adel, Bdel and A+B+ transcripts by nested real time-PCR. relhTERT and A+B+ presence correlated well with each other ( P<0.001) and with histological grading [grades I-II (low) vs III-IV (high), P(relhTERT)=0.002 and P(A+B+)<0.001]. A+B+ was detected in one out of seven @entity2215 -positive low-grade @entity5 , while it was present in 96.3%, and predominantly expressed in 59.3% of high-grade @entity5 . Bdel predominance was observed only in three cases, irrespective of grading, while Bdel levels equal or close to those of A+B+ were found in 30.4% of grade IV @entity5 . In situ hybridization with specific Bplus and Bdel probes revealed positive signals for both mRNAs in association with relhTERT and respective variant profiles. In addition, this method was useful in assessing @entity2215 expression in cases where sampling errors for RT-PCR were unavoidable. Our findings show that except for differences in relhTERT, low- and high-grade @entity816 exhibit distinct @entity2215 variant profiles, most of which seem to be in line with the role attributed to @entity2215 regarding its contribution to the acquisition of malignant potential during astrocyte carcinogenesis. Low-grade @entity5 mainly express Adel and Bdel. High-grade @entity5 , especially grade IV, always express A+B+, mostly but not always in predominance over Adel and Bdel. In this same group, profiles with Bdel predominance or relatively equal A+B+/Bdel expression are also observed, and Adel is often missing. Whether these differences characterize @entity5 with different biological behavior remains to be elucidated.

title: Relative expression of @entity1 @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) transcripts in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2215 :: ('7015', 'Gene') :: ['telomerase catalytic subunit', 'hTERT']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytic gliomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy in various tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity816 :: (MESH:D001254,Disease) :: ['astrocytic gliomas']


abstract: @entity1 @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) expression has been reported as a marker for @entity5 systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relative expression of @entity2215 (relhTERT) and its transcripts A+B+ (contained in the full-length product), Adel and Bdel in @entity816 (grades I-IV, n=38). relhTERT was assessed by duplex reverse transcription-PCR and the expression profile of Adel, Bdel and A+B+ transcripts by nested real time-PCR. relhTERT and A+B+ presence correlated well with each other ( P<0.001) and with histological grading [grades I-II (low) vs III-IV (high), P(relhTERT)=0.002 and P(A+B+)<0.001]. A+B+ was detected in one out of seven @entity2215 -positive low-grade @entity5 , while it was present in 96.3%, and predominantly expressed in 59.3% of high-grade @entity5 . Bdel predominance was observed only in three cases, irrespective of grading, while Bdel levels equal or close to those of A+B+ were found in 30.4% of grade IV @entity5 . In situ hybridization with specific Bplus and Bdel probes revealed positive signals for both mRNAs in association with relhTERT and respective variant profiles. In addition, this method was useful in assessing @entity2215 expression in cases where sampling errors for RT-PCR were unavoidable. Our findings show that except for differences in relhTERT, low- and high-grade @entity816 exhibit distinct @entity2215 variant profiles, most of which seem to be in line with the role attributed to @entity2215 regarding its contribution to the acquisition of malignant potential during astrocyte carcinogenesis. Low-grade @entity5 mainly express Adel and Bdel. High-grade @entity5 , especially grade IV, always express A+B+, mostly but not always in predominance over Adel and Bdel. In this same group, profiles with Bdel predominance or relatively equal A+B+/Bdel expression are also observed, and Adel is often missing. Whether these differences characterize @entity5 with different biological behavior remains to be elucidated.

title: Relative expression of @entity1 XXXX ( @entity2215 ) transcripts in @entity816 .

answer: @entity2215 :: (7015,Gene) :: ['telomerase catalytic subunit']


abstract: @entity1 @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) expression has been reported as a marker for @entity5 systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relative expression of @entity2215 (relhTERT) and its transcripts A+B+ (contained in the full-length product), Adel and Bdel in @entity816 (grades I-IV, n=38). relhTERT was assessed by duplex reverse transcription-PCR and the expression profile of Adel, Bdel and A+B+ transcripts by nested real time-PCR. relhTERT and A+B+ presence correlated well with each other ( P<0.001) and with histological grading [grades I-II (low) vs III-IV (high), P(relhTERT)=0.002 and P(A+B+)<0.001]. A+B+ was detected in one out of seven @entity2215 -positive low-grade @entity5 , while it was present in 96.3%, and predominantly expressed in 59.3% of high-grade @entity5 . Bdel predominance was observed only in three cases, irrespective of grading, while Bdel levels equal or close to those of A+B+ were found in 30.4% of grade IV @entity5 . In situ hybridization with specific Bplus and Bdel probes revealed positive signals for both mRNAs in association with relhTERT and respective variant profiles. In addition, this method was useful in assessing @entity2215 expression in cases where sampling errors for RT-PCR were unavoidable. Our findings show that except for differences in relhTERT, low- and high-grade @entity816 exhibit distinct @entity2215 variant profiles, most of which seem to be in line with the role attributed to @entity2215 regarding its contribution to the acquisition of malignant potential during astrocyte carcinogenesis. Low-grade @entity5 mainly express Adel and Bdel. High-grade @entity5 , especially grade IV, always express A+B+, mostly but not always in predominance over Adel and Bdel. In this same group, profiles with Bdel predominance or relatively equal A+B+/Bdel expression are also observed, and Adel is often missing. Whether these differences characterize @entity5 with different biological behavior remains to be elucidated.

title: Relative expression of @entity1 @entity2215 ( XXXX ) transcripts in @entity816 .

answer: @entity2215 :: (7015,Gene) :: ['hTERT']


abstract: @entity1 @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) expression has been reported as a marker for @entity5 systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relative expression of @entity2215 (relhTERT) and its transcripts A+B+ (contained in the full-length product), Adel and Bdel in @entity816 (grades I-IV, n=38). relhTERT was assessed by duplex reverse transcription-PCR and the expression profile of Adel, Bdel and A+B+ transcripts by nested real time-PCR. relhTERT and A+B+ presence correlated well with each other ( P<0.001) and with histological grading [grades I-II (low) vs III-IV (high), P(relhTERT)=0.002 and P(A+B+)<0.001]. A+B+ was detected in one out of seven @entity2215 -positive low-grade @entity5 , while it was present in 96.3%, and predominantly expressed in 59.3% of high-grade @entity5 . Bdel predominance was observed only in three cases, irrespective of grading, while Bdel levels equal or close to those of A+B+ were found in 30.4% of grade IV @entity5 . In situ hybridization with specific Bplus and Bdel probes revealed positive signals for both mRNAs in association with relhTERT and respective variant profiles. In addition, this method was useful in assessing @entity2215 expression in cases where sampling errors for RT-PCR were unavoidable. Our findings show that except for differences in relhTERT, low- and high-grade @entity816 exhibit distinct @entity2215 variant profiles, most of which seem to be in line with the role attributed to @entity2215 regarding its contribution to the acquisition of malignant potential during astrocyte carcinogenesis. Low-grade @entity5 mainly express Adel and Bdel. High-grade @entity5 , especially grade IV, always express A+B+, mostly but not always in predominance over Adel and Bdel. In this same group, profiles with Bdel predominance or relatively equal A+B+/Bdel expression are also observed, and Adel is often missing. Whether these differences characterize @entity5 with different biological behavior remains to be elucidated.

title: Relative expression of XXXX @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) transcripts in @entity816 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIMS: To describe the drug utilisation patterns of @entity117 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins in a cohort of newly treated @entity164 2 @entity6 subjects previously unexposed to CVD agents. METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using a national pharmacy claims database of newly treated @entity164 2 @entity6 subjects aged 40 years or older. Data on the use of @entity117 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation were analysed. Poisson  regression with a robust error variance was used to estimate adjusted  relative  risk (RRadj) and 95% CIs between socio-demographic and treatment factors on CVD agent use. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period (2008-2009), 6093 subjects were identified. One year after antidiabetic agent initiation, 82% of the study population received at least one CVD agent, with 54% receiving @entity117 , 64% receiving antihypertensives, 6% vasodilators, and 62% receiving @entity6817 . Subjects aged 40-49 years were significantly less likely than those aged 60-69 years to receive CVD agents (RRadj 0.83, 95% CI 0.80-0.87). Over 40% of subjects received antihypertensives without @entity117 and statins, while 30% of subjects on statins did not receive @entity117 . CONCLUSIONS: Substantial CVD agent utilisation was noted 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation. Being aged younger than 60-69 years was associated with decreased utilisation of CVD agents.

title: Use of cardiovascular medicines in newly treated XXXX 2 @entity6 patients: A retrospective cohort study in general practice.

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: AIMS: To describe the drug utilisation patterns of @entity117 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins in a cohort of newly treated @entity164 2 @entity6 subjects previously unexposed to CVD agents. METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using a national pharmacy claims database of newly treated @entity164 2 @entity6 subjects aged 40 years or older. Data on the use of @entity117 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation were analysed. Poisson  regression with a robust error variance was used to estimate adjusted  relative  risk (RRadj) and 95% CIs between socio-demographic and treatment factors on CVD agent use. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period (2008-2009), 6093 subjects were identified. One year after antidiabetic agent initiation, 82% of the study population received at least one CVD agent, with 54% receiving @entity117 , 64% receiving antihypertensives, 6% vasodilators, and 62% receiving @entity6817 . Subjects aged 40-49 years were significantly less likely than those aged 60-69 years to receive CVD agents (RRadj 0.83, 95% CI 0.80-0.87). Over 40% of subjects received antihypertensives without @entity117 and statins, while 30% of subjects on statins did not receive @entity117 . CONCLUSIONS: Substantial CVD agent utilisation was noted 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation. Being aged younger than 60-69 years was associated with decreased utilisation of CVD agents.

title: Use of cardiovascular medicines in newly treated @entity164 2 XXXX patients: A retrospective cohort study in general practice.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: IL-12 has been reported to affect thymic T cell selection, but the role of IL-12 in thymic involution has not been studied. We found that in vivo, @entity12782 knockout ( @entity12782 (-/-)) @entity19 exhibited accelerated thymic involution compared with wild-type (WT) B6 @entity19 . This is characterized by an increase in thymocytes with the early development stage phenotype of @entity3783 (-) @entity3844 (+)CD4(-)CD8(-) in aged @entity12782 (-/-) @entity19 . Histologically, there were accelerated degeneration of thymic extracellular matrix and blood vessels, a significantly decreased thymic cortex/medulla ratio, and increased apoptotic cells in aged @entity12782 (-/-) @entity19 compared with WT @entity19 . There was, however, no apparent defect in thymic structure and thymocyte development in young IL-12(-/-) @entity19 . These results suggest the importance of IL-12 in maintaining thymic integrity and function during the aging process. Surprisingly, in WT B6 @entity19 , there was no age-related decrease in the levels of IL-12 produced from thymic dendritic cells. Stimulation of thymocytes with IL-12 alone also did not enhance the thymocyte proliferative response in vitro. IL-12, however, provided a strong synergistic effect to augment the @entity10191 or @entity2047 induced thymocyte proliferative response, especially in aged WT and @entity12782 (-/-) @entity19 . Our data strongly support the role of IL-12 as an enhancement cytokine, which acts through its interactions with other cytokines to maintain thymic T cell function and development during aging.

title: IL-12 inhibits thymic involution by enhancing @entity10191 - and XXXX -induced thymocyte proliferation.

answer: @entity2047 :: (16183(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-2']


abstract: IL-12 has been reported to affect thymic T cell selection, but the role of IL-12 in thymic involution has not been studied. We found that in vivo, @entity12782 knockout ( @entity12782 (-/-)) @entity19 exhibited accelerated thymic involution compared with wild-type (WT) B6 @entity19 . This is characterized by an increase in thymocytes with the early development stage phenotype of @entity3783 (-) @entity3844 (+)CD4(-)CD8(-) in aged @entity12782 (-/-) @entity19 . Histologically, there were accelerated degeneration of thymic extracellular matrix and blood vessels, a significantly decreased thymic cortex/medulla ratio, and increased apoptotic cells in aged @entity12782 (-/-) @entity19 compared with WT @entity19 . There was, however, no apparent defect in thymic structure and thymocyte development in young IL-12(-/-) @entity19 . These results suggest the importance of IL-12 in maintaining thymic integrity and function during the aging process. Surprisingly, in WT B6 @entity19 , there was no age-related decrease in the levels of IL-12 produced from thymic dendritic cells. Stimulation of thymocytes with IL-12 alone also did not enhance the thymocyte proliferative response in vitro. IL-12, however, provided a strong synergistic effect to augment the @entity10191 or @entity2047 induced thymocyte proliferative response, especially in aged WT and @entity12782 (-/-) @entity19 . Our data strongly support the role of IL-12 as an enhancement cytokine, which acts through its interactions with other cytokines to maintain thymic T cell function and development during aging.

title: IL-12 inhibits thymic involution by enhancing XXXX - and @entity2047 -induced thymocyte proliferation.

answer: @entity10191 :: (16196(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IL-7']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of the combined use of @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) and @entity1068 -wet bonding (EWB) on resin-dentin bonds. METHODS: Sixty molars were sectioned, polished, and randomly divided into six groups (n=10) according to the following pretreatments: group 1, water-wet bonding (WWB); group 2, WWB with 0.02% (w/v) @entity3090 ; group 3, WWB with 0.1% @entity3090 ; group 4, EWB; group 5, EWB with 0.02% @entity3090 ; and group 6, EWB with 0.1% @entity3090 . An etch-and-rinse adhesive was then used, followed by the resin composites building. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS), failure modes and interfacial nanoleakage were separately determined after 24h water storage or 10,000 runs of thermocycling. RESULTS: Both pretreatment method (P<0.05) and thermocycling (P<0.05) significantly influenced bond strength and nanoleakage. Irrespective of thermocycling, the 0.02% @entity3090 / @entity1068 (group 5) pretreated adhesive-dentin interfaces showed higher MTBS than the control group (P<0.05). Nanoleakage expression of all groups increased after thermocycling (P<0.05) except group 5. Adhesive failure was the main @entity174 pattern in all groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that pretreatment with 0.02% @entity3090 / @entity1068 solutions can effectively improve immediate bond strength and bond stability of etch-and-rinse adhesives on dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The adjunctive application of @entity3090 and EWB provides a new strategy for dentists to obtain the desired bond effectiveness during adhesive restoration in clinical practice.

title: Effect of adjunctive application of XXXX and @entity1068 -wet bonding on adhesive-dentin bonds.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['epigallocatechin-3-gallate']

answer: @entity3089 :: (MESH:C045651,Chemical) :: ['epigallocatechin-3-gallate']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of the combined use of @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) and @entity1068 -wet bonding (EWB) on resin-dentin bonds. METHODS: Sixty molars were sectioned, polished, and randomly divided into six groups (n=10) according to the following pretreatments: group 1, water-wet bonding (WWB); group 2, WWB with 0.02% (w/v) @entity3090 ; group 3, WWB with 0.1% @entity3090 ; group 4, EWB; group 5, EWB with 0.02% @entity3090 ; and group 6, EWB with 0.1% @entity3090 . An etch-and-rinse adhesive was then used, followed by the resin composites building. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS), failure modes and interfacial nanoleakage were separately determined after 24h water storage or 10,000 runs of thermocycling. RESULTS: Both pretreatment method (P<0.05) and thermocycling (P<0.05) significantly influenced bond strength and nanoleakage. Irrespective of thermocycling, the 0.02% @entity3090 / @entity1068 (group 5) pretreated adhesive-dentin interfaces showed higher MTBS than the control group (P<0.05). Nanoleakage expression of all groups increased after thermocycling (P<0.05) except group 5. Adhesive failure was the main @entity174 pattern in all groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that pretreatment with 0.02% @entity3090 / @entity1068 solutions can effectively improve immediate bond strength and bond stability of etch-and-rinse adhesives on dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The adjunctive application of @entity3090 and EWB provides a new strategy for dentists to obtain the desired bond effectiveness during adhesive restoration in clinical practice.

title: Effect of adjunctive application of @entity3089 and XXXX -wet bonding on adhesive-dentin bonds.

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: Eighty-two adult hospitalized @entity1 suffering from @entity1729 were treated with @entity35496 or @entity5503 in an open comparative study. The @entity1 were allocated randomly to one of the two treatments. The recommended dosage regimens (i.m. or i.v.) were used for both groups ( @entity35496 1 g b.i.d., @entity5503 1 g t.i.d.). The duration of treatment was 7 to 14 days according to the response of the disease condition. 80 @entity1 were analyzed. The tolerability of both drugs was good and comparable. The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of both drugs was equivalent. The radiological examinations showed a better improvement of the @entity1 treated with @entity35496 .

title: Clinical evaluation of @entity35496 and XXXX in @entity1729 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5503 :: ('MESH:D002435', 'Chemical') :: ['cefamandole']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

answer: @entity5503 :: (MESH:D002435,Chemical) :: ['cefamandole']


abstract: Eighty-two adult hospitalized @entity1 suffering from @entity1729 were treated with @entity35496 or @entity5503 in an open comparative study. The @entity1 were allocated randomly to one of the two treatments. The recommended dosage regimens (i.m. or i.v.) were used for both groups ( @entity35496 1 g b.i.d., @entity5503 1 g t.i.d.). The duration of treatment was 7 to 14 days according to the response of the disease condition. 80 @entity1 were analyzed. The tolerability of both drugs was good and comparable. The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of both drugs was equivalent. The radiological examinations showed a better improvement of the @entity1 treated with @entity35496 .

title: Clinical evaluation of XXXX and @entity5503 in @entity1729 .

answer: @entity35496 :: (MESH:D015310,Chemical) :: ['cefotiam']


abstract: Eighty-two adult hospitalized @entity1 suffering from @entity1729 were treated with @entity35496 or @entity5503 in an open comparative study. The @entity1 were allocated randomly to one of the two treatments. The recommended dosage regimens (i.m. or i.v.) were used for both groups ( @entity35496 1 g b.i.d., @entity5503 1 g t.i.d.). The duration of treatment was 7 to 14 days according to the response of the disease condition. 80 @entity1 were analyzed. The tolerability of both drugs was good and comparable. The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of both drugs was equivalent. The radiological examinations showed a better improvement of the @entity1 treated with @entity35496 .

title: Clinical evaluation of @entity35496 and @entity5503 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['respiratory tract infections']


abstract: An 8-21 fold multiplication of myeloid cells and macrophages was observed in tissue culture from @entity1 fetal bone marrow. Proliferation of the cells was triggered by medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemic cells exposed to @entity864 ( @entity865 ). The medium was designated as @entity865 -treated cell conditioned medium (TPACCM). The cycle of events in fetal bone marrow cell culture began with a sharp decrease in the total number of cells. At this juncture a predominance of primitive macrophage-like cells positive for macrophage markers was present in the culture. The process of multiplication began with rapid proliferation of promyelocytes. Simultaneous proliferation of granulocyte-macrophage (GM) @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) indicated that at least some of the promyelocytes might act like @entity1358 . The absolute number of committed @entity1358 then increased 5-11 fold, the number that approximated a total multiplication of FBM cells. The proliferation continued with the culture containing some blast cells and showing simultaneous differentiation of the cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. The cells with macrophage markers persisted throughout the culture period. To determine more precise definition of the role of primitive macrophages and promyelocytes in FBM cell multiplication, experiments with purified fractions of these cells have to be done. TPACCM purification and isolation of active substances is also suggested. These investigations might result in obtaining a pool of BM cells in vitro suitable for BM transplantation.

title: Multiplication of @entity1 fetal myelomonocytic precursors in medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemia cells treated by XXXX ( @entity865 ).

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['colony forming cells', 'CFC']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate']

answer: @entity864 :: (MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755,Chemical) :: ['12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate']


abstract: An 8-21 fold multiplication of myeloid cells and macrophages was observed in tissue culture from @entity1 fetal bone marrow. Proliferation of the cells was triggered by medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemic cells exposed to @entity864 ( @entity865 ). The medium was designated as @entity865 -treated cell conditioned medium (TPACCM). The cycle of events in fetal bone marrow cell culture began with a sharp decrease in the total number of cells. At this juncture a predominance of primitive macrophage-like cells positive for macrophage markers was present in the culture. The process of multiplication began with rapid proliferation of promyelocytes. Simultaneous proliferation of granulocyte-macrophage (GM) @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) indicated that at least some of the promyelocytes might act like @entity1358 . The absolute number of committed @entity1358 then increased 5-11 fold, the number that approximated a total multiplication of FBM cells. The proliferation continued with the culture containing some blast cells and showing simultaneous differentiation of the cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. The cells with macrophage markers persisted throughout the culture period. To determine more precise definition of the role of primitive macrophages and promyelocytes in FBM cell multiplication, experiments with purified fractions of these cells have to be done. TPACCM purification and isolation of active substances is also suggested. These investigations might result in obtaining a pool of BM cells in vitro suitable for BM transplantation.

title: Multiplication of @entity1 fetal myelomonocytic precursors in medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemia cells treated by @entity864 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity865 :: (CHEBI:61432,Chemical) :: ['TPA']


abstract: An 8-21 fold multiplication of myeloid cells and macrophages was observed in tissue culture from @entity1 fetal bone marrow. Proliferation of the cells was triggered by medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemic cells exposed to @entity864 ( @entity865 ). The medium was designated as @entity865 -treated cell conditioned medium (TPACCM). The cycle of events in fetal bone marrow cell culture began with a sharp decrease in the total number of cells. At this juncture a predominance of primitive macrophage-like cells positive for macrophage markers was present in the culture. The process of multiplication began with rapid proliferation of promyelocytes. Simultaneous proliferation of granulocyte-macrophage (GM) @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) indicated that at least some of the promyelocytes might act like @entity1358 . The absolute number of committed @entity1358 then increased 5-11 fold, the number that approximated a total multiplication of FBM cells. The proliferation continued with the culture containing some blast cells and showing simultaneous differentiation of the cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. The cells with macrophage markers persisted throughout the culture period. To determine more precise definition of the role of primitive macrophages and promyelocytes in FBM cell multiplication, experiments with purified fractions of these cells have to be done. TPACCM purification and isolation of active substances is also suggested. These investigations might result in obtaining a pool of BM cells in vitro suitable for BM transplantation.

title: Multiplication of XXXX fetal myelomonocytic precursors in medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemia cells treated by @entity864 ( @entity865 ).

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated that the absence of serum antibodies to @entity683 virus on day 4 after onset of symptoms predicted a fatal outcome in @entity1 critically ill with @entity683 . The underlying mechanism was suggested to be the trapping of anti- @entity683 antibodies in pulmonary immune complexes. OBJECTIVES: To study serum and mucosal antibodies as prognostic markers in @entity1 with severe @entity281 . STUDY DESIGN: Blood and respiratory samples (n=324) from 12 @entity1 with severe @entity683 were analysed for anti-H1N1 antibodies with and without immune complex dissociation from symptom onset until convalescence or death (follow up 14-169 days). Eleven healthy subjects were analysed for comparison. RESULTS: One of the 12 @entity1 died from @entity683 @entity55 and had no detectable anti-H1N1 serum antibodies. However, also 2 of the 11 surviving @entity1 remained negative for anti-H1N1 serum antibodies during follow-up (20 and 41 days, respectively). In six of the 11 survivors serum antibodies on day 4 were negative, but turned positive between day 7 and 23. In the remaining 3 patients antibodies were detected in the first 4 days of illness. Mucosal IgG or IgA was detected in all of the @entity1 regardless of their clinical outcome and in 4 of 11 healthy subjects. No mucosal immune complexes were found in the @entity1 who died but were detected in 3 of the 11 survivors. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that no prognostic conclusions can be drawn from anti-H1N1 serum and mucosal antibodies in @entity1 with severe @entity683 .

title: Serum and mucosal antibodies fail as prognostic markers during critical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza', 'influenza A H1N1']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A H1N1 infection']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['influenza A infection']


abstract: Preterm birth is an evolving challenge in neonatal health care. Despite declining mortality rates among extremely premature neonates, morbidity rates remain very high. Currently, perinatal diffuse @entity62 ( @entity62 ) is the most commonly observed type of @entity1545 in preterm @entity1 and has become an important research area. Diffuse @entity62 is associated with @entity73 and is increasingly being recognized as a risk factor for @entity72 , @entity71 , and other @entity132 . No treatment options are currently available for diffuse @entity62 and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are far from being completely understood. Preterm birth is associated with maternal @entity32 , perinatal infections and disrupted @entity26 supply which can affect the cerebral microenvironment by causing activation of microglia, astrogliosis, excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress. This intricate interplay of events negatively influences oligodendrocyte development, causing arrested oligodendrocyte maturation or oligodendrocyte cell death, which ultimately results in myelination failure in the developing white matter. This review discusses the current state in perinatal @entity62 research, ranging from a clinical perspective to basic molecular pathophysiology. The complex regulation of oligodendrocyte development in healthy and pathological conditions is described, with a specific focus on signaling cascades that may play a role in @entity62 . Furthermore, emerging concepts in the field of @entity62 and issues regarding currently available animal models are put forward. Novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying impeded oligodendrocyte maturation in diffuse @entity62 may aid the development of novel treatment options which are desperately needed to improve the quality-of-life of preterm neonates.

title: Impaired oligodendrocyte maturation in preterm XXXX : Potential therapeutic targets.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['psychological disturbances']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cognitive, sensory and psychological functioning']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['autism-spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['WMI', 'white matter injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognostic value of @entity1283 , @entity891 and cardiothoracic ratio as indicators of @entity204 and survival in @entity1 with @entity1000 . METHODS: We carried out a retrospective review of 152 @entity1 with @entity1000 diagnosed between September 1979 and March 2003. In the first 72 months, 722 exams were performed (100 in the first 15 days). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: chi-square, Student's t test, ANOVA and Kaplan-Meier curves. Alpha = 0.05; beta = 0.80. RESULTS: The mean age at presentation was 2.2+/-3.2 years. @entity1000 incidence was higher in @entity1 younger than 2 years (76.3% - 95% CI = 68.7% to 82.8%) (p < 0.0001). Sex (p = 0.07) and color (p = 0.11) were not significant and mortality was not influenced by age (p = 0.73), sex (p = 0.78) or color (p = 0.20). Most @entity1 were severely ill (84.2% - 95% CI = 77.4% to 89.6%; functional class III and IV; p < 0.0001). All 43 @entity204 occurred in this group (p = 0.0008). @entity1283 at presentation was observed in 94.1% (95% CI = 89.1% to 97.2%) (p < 0.0001), and @entity891 in 75.6% (95% CI = 68.0% to 82.2%) (p < 0.0001). @entity891 and @entity1283 were more frequent in functional class III/IV @entity1 (RC = 8.03 - 95% CI = 2.85% to 23.1%) (p < 0.0001). @entity891 was a marker of @entity204 (RC = 3.16 - 95% CI = 1.06% to 10.07) (p = 0.0222), but not @entity1283 (p = 0.1185). Survival was influenced by both @entity1283 (p = 0.0189) and @entity891 (p = 0.0050). Mean and maximum cardiothoracic ratio were higher in the @entity204 group (0.749+/-0.053 vs. 0.662+/-0.080) (p < 0.0001) and (0.716+/-0.059 vs. 0.620+/-0.085) (p < 0.0001). ANOVA revealed a progressive decrease in cardiothoracic ratio in the survival group (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity1000 , the presence of @entity891 at presentation and increased cardiothoracic ratio are associated with poor survival.

title: [Prognostic value of chest roentgenograms in @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomegaly', 'Cardiomegaly']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary congestion', 'pulmonary congestion']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy', 'Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity1000 :: (MESH:C536277,Disease) :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognostic value of @entity1283 , @entity891 and cardiothoracic ratio as indicators of @entity204 and survival in @entity1 with @entity1000 . METHODS: We carried out a retrospective review of 152 @entity1 with @entity1000 diagnosed between September 1979 and March 2003. In the first 72 months, 722 exams were performed (100 in the first 15 days). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: chi-square, Student's t test, ANOVA and Kaplan-Meier curves. Alpha = 0.05; beta = 0.80. RESULTS: The mean age at presentation was 2.2+/-3.2 years. @entity1000 incidence was higher in @entity1 younger than 2 years (76.3% - 95% CI = 68.7% to 82.8%) (p < 0.0001). Sex (p = 0.07) and color (p = 0.11) were not significant and mortality was not influenced by age (p = 0.73), sex (p = 0.78) or color (p = 0.20). Most @entity1 were severely ill (84.2% - 95% CI = 77.4% to 89.6%; functional class III and IV; p < 0.0001). All 43 @entity204 occurred in this group (p = 0.0008). @entity1283 at presentation was observed in 94.1% (95% CI = 89.1% to 97.2%) (p < 0.0001), and @entity891 in 75.6% (95% CI = 68.0% to 82.2%) (p < 0.0001). @entity891 and @entity1283 were more frequent in functional class III/IV @entity1 (RC = 8.03 - 95% CI = 2.85% to 23.1%) (p < 0.0001). @entity891 was a marker of @entity204 (RC = 3.16 - 95% CI = 1.06% to 10.07) (p = 0.0222), but not @entity1283 (p = 0.1185). Survival was influenced by both @entity1283 (p = 0.0189) and @entity891 (p = 0.0050). Mean and maximum cardiothoracic ratio were higher in the @entity204 group (0.749+/-0.053 vs. 0.662+/-0.080) (p < 0.0001) and (0.716+/-0.059 vs. 0.620+/-0.085) (p < 0.0001). ANOVA revealed a progressive decrease in cardiothoracic ratio in the survival group (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity1000 , the presence of @entity891 at presentation and increased cardiothoracic ratio are associated with poor survival.

title: [Prognostic value of chest roentgenograms in XXXX with @entity1000 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Behavioral treatments improve bladder control by changing the incontinent @entity1 's behavior, especially his or her voiding habits, and by teaching skills for preventing urine loss. These treatments are effective for most outpatient @entity1 and @entity1 with stress, urge, or mixed @entity322 . The average reduction in the frequency of @entity322 ranges from 57% to 86%. In long-term care settings, treatment is generally more challenging and yields more modest results. The advantages of behavioral interventions include the absence of side-effects, @entity1 comfort, and high levels of @entity1 satisfaction. Although most @entity1 who receive behavioral treatment achieve significant improvement, most are not completely dry. Thus, there is a need for research to explore ways to enhance the effectiveness of these conservative therapies. Combining behavioral treatment with other treatments may have additive effects. Research is also needed to understand better the mechanisms of therapeutic change, the best methods for teaching pelvic floor muscle control, the optimal exercise regimens, the predictors of outcome, and the efficacy of behavioral treatments in @entity1 . Although behavioral interventions are more accepted today than 20 years ago, they are still not widely available or integrated into most clinical practices, and we know little of how effective they will be in these settings. Thus, it will be important to develop and evaluate creative modes of delivery, such as group intervention (especially by nonphysician providers), in a variety of clinical settings.

title: Behavioral treatment options for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is characterized by a minimum of two of three features: @entity400 , @entity2003 , and @entity2845 . Asymmetry of these features is often considered to support a diagnosis of @entity191 in contrast to other @entity191 . All major manifestations of @entity191 are often more pronounced on the side first manifesting features of @entity191 . Significant dissociation of features on the contralateral side, along with other variants of presentation involving the contralateral side, are rarely observed. To determine the frequency and significance of unusual asymmetry in @entity304 , we retrospectively examined 613 @entity1 clinically diagnosed as idiopathic @entity191 for presence of unusual asymmetries of clinical features. Three groups of @entity1 with unusual asymmetrical clinical findings were identified. Group 1 comprised 10 @entity1 followed for an average of 6 years presenting with rest @entity400 most prominent in one lower limb and contralateral upper limb. Group 2 comprised 24 @entity1 followed for an average of 5.5 years with action @entity400 most prominent on the side contralateral to the side of most prominent rest @entity400 . Group 3 comprised 33 @entity1 followed for an average of 10 years who had @entity191 signs of greatest severity on one side but subsequently, over an average of 5.4 years, became gradually more prominent on the opposite side. In Group 3, 15 of 33 @entity1 (45%) demonstrated evolution to a rigid form of @entity304 with disappearance of rest @entity400 over an average of 7.1 years after presentation. A small percentage (11%) of @entity191 @entity1 in our clinic demonstrated anomalous asymmetrical clinical findings, which indicates that (1) the disease process may begin in different topographic sites on each side; (2) rest @entity400 and action @entity400 may have different anatomical bases; (3) the disease process may progress at different rates on different sides; and (4) @entity400 becomes less pronounced with progression of disease in some @entity1 with @entity304 .

title: Anomalies of asymmetry of clinical signs in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinsonism', 'parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian syndromes', "Parkinson's disease", 'parkinsonian', "Parkinson's", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['bradykinesia']

answer: @entity304 :: (MESH:D010302,Disease) :: ['parkinsonism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1771 ( @entity22717 ) is an antiepileptic drug that is also used for other indications (e.g., @entity2704 ). Adverse event (AE) data from @entity302 trials could be supplemented by data from trials in other indications. Combining data across trials and indications is a novel method for evaluating AEs. We conducted a multiple-indications review by systematically reviewing randomized placebo-controlled trials of @entity22717 , to compare the nervous system AEs of @entity22717 in @entity302 with those in other indications. METHODS: Randomized placebo-controlled trials of @entity22717 including @entity1 with any indication were included. We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Issue 2, 2012) and MEDLINE (1966-February 2012). Two authors assessed eligibility and risk of bias, and extracted data. For each reported nervous system AE, we extracted event rates, applied random-effects inverse-variance meta-analysis (pooling within-indications then across-indications), and assessed within- and across-indication heterogeneity. RESULTS: Ninety trials, including 16 @entity302 trials, were included. A difference was detected between @entity22717 and placebo for three events (i.e., drooling, @entity2342 , and @entity1183 ) that were not reported in @entity302 trials but were reported by other trials. A difference between @entity22717 and placebo was detected for @entity8408 using @entity302 trials but not when combining all trials. For two events (i.e., @entity73 and " @entity3180 "), no difference was detected between @entity22717 and placebo when using @entity302 trials alone, but a difference was identified using all trials. A difference was detected between @entity22717 and placebo for six events (i.e., @entity2055 , @entity132 in attention, @entity1296 , @entity2414 , paraesthesia, and @entity2147 ) when using @entity302 trials alone, and using all trials. SIGNIFICANCE: Including trials of any indication enabled detection of differences that would have been missed using @entity302 trials alone. Multiple-indications reviews can improve the synthesis of AEs for antiepileptic drugs.

title: A systematic review of placebo-controlled trials of XXXX : How useful is a multiple-indications review for evaluating the adverse events of an antiepileptic drug?

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['hypoesthesia']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['disturbance']

entities_list: @entity3180 :: ('MESH:D007806', 'Disease') :: ['language problems']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive disorder']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['somnolence']

entities_list: @entity1771 :: ('MESH:C052342', 'Chemical') :: ['Topiramate']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity8408 :: ('MESH:D013064', 'Disease') :: ['speech disorder']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['dysgeusia']

answer: @entity1771 :: (MESH:C052342,Chemical) :: ['topiramate']


abstract: @entity65 remain the major cause of @entity204 in the adult North American population. Most of these @entity204 are sudden, occurring secondary to @entity1165 /fibrillation (VT/VF). Based on the results of recent clinical trials, it seems likely that many of these @entity204 could be prevented if reliable means were available to select those @entity1 at highest risk. To date, however, no totally satisfactory means to establish risk has been identified. The purpose of this paper is to review the currently utilized techniques and to draw attention to some new and potentially useful technology involving computer processing of surface recorded electrocardiographic (ECG) signals. ECG monitoring during rest and activity is neither sensitive nor specific. Invasive studies, using programmed ventricular stimulation to reproduce clinical @entity943 , have proven extremely useful in the management of @entity1 with recurrent VT/VF; this technique allows the selection of effective therapy as documented by subsequent inability to induce the @entity943 . However, this technique does not have broad applicability given the complexity of these studies and the significant potential for morbidity. Recent efforts have focused on the detection of the abnormal electrical substrate giving rise to VT/VF by using body-surface electrocardiographic recording. Two approaches are being investigated. In one, high-gain, signal-averaged ECG signals are being utilized to detect (delayed) depolarization potentials occurring during the repolarization process - an electrophysiologic state known to give rise to re-entrant @entity943 . Initial results with this technique are encouraging. We have focused on another approach - that of body-surface potential mapping.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Sudden cardiac death: the search for a non-invasive means to detect the electrical substrate for the development of life-threatening XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrhythmias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Differentiating @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ) from @entity15 ( @entity15 ) is a real challenge in the clinical field. In the past, @entity1652 (not @entity15 ), was inferred when abnormality was not detected in the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recently, some studies have reported abnormalities in the brain MRIs of @entity1652 , but only few among the Asian population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of brain MRI among Korean @entity1652 @entity1 and characterize findings that might be helpful to distinguish @entity1652 from @entity15 . METHODS: Medical records, @entity1652 -IgG, and brain MRI of 17 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1652 by the revised diagnostic criteria of Wingerchuk et al. (2006) [6] from 2008 to 2010, were reviewed. RESULTS: 11 out of 17 @entity1 (64.7%) had abnormal MRI findings. More than two lesions were detected in most @entity1 . The majority of @entity1 with @entity75 showed nonspecific (5 @entity1 ) or atypical (6 @entity1 ) findings. Cerebral white matter was most frequently involved (58.8%). 3 @entity1 (17.6%) involved corpus callosum, 4 (23.5%) with internal capsule, 2 (11.8%) with cerebellum, and 3 (17.6%) with brainstem. There were 5 (29.4%) @entity1 who met the Paty et al. criteria (1988) [15] and 3 @entity1 (35.3%) who met the @entity15 ( @entity15 ) spatial distribution diagnostic criteria of Barkhof et al. (1997) [14] in their brain MRI. CONCLUSIONS: @entity75 have been frequently found among Korean @entity1652 @entity1 and the frequencies have been reported to be higher than that of Caucasians. Current @entity15 spatial distribution criteria, such as Paty et al. (1988) [15] or Barkhof et al. (1997) [14], are not sufficient to discriminate @entity1652 from @entity15 in brain MRI findings. Our results will provide valuable information that would be useful in establishing future revising criteria for @entity1652 .

title: @entity75 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['NMO', 'neuromyelitis optica']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain MRI abnormality', 'Brain abnormalities']

answer: @entity1652 :: (MESH:D009471,Disease) :: ['neuromyelitis optica']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Differentiating @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ) from @entity15 ( @entity15 ) is a real challenge in the clinical field. In the past, @entity1652 (not @entity15 ), was inferred when abnormality was not detected in the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recently, some studies have reported abnormalities in the brain MRIs of @entity1652 , but only few among the Asian population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of brain MRI among Korean @entity1652 @entity1 and characterize findings that might be helpful to distinguish @entity1652 from @entity15 . METHODS: Medical records, @entity1652 -IgG, and brain MRI of 17 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1652 by the revised diagnostic criteria of Wingerchuk et al. (2006) [6] from 2008 to 2010, were reviewed. RESULTS: 11 out of 17 @entity1 (64.7%) had abnormal MRI findings. More than two lesions were detected in most @entity1 . The majority of @entity1 with @entity75 showed nonspecific (5 @entity1 ) or atypical (6 @entity1 ) findings. Cerebral white matter was most frequently involved (58.8%). 3 @entity1 (17.6%) involved corpus callosum, 4 (23.5%) with internal capsule, 2 (11.8%) with cerebellum, and 3 (17.6%) with brainstem. There were 5 (29.4%) @entity1 who met the Paty et al. criteria (1988) [15] and 3 @entity1 (35.3%) who met the @entity15 ( @entity15 ) spatial distribution diagnostic criteria of Barkhof et al. (1997) [14] in their brain MRI. CONCLUSIONS: @entity75 have been frequently found among Korean @entity1652 @entity1 and the frequencies have been reported to be higher than that of Caucasians. Current @entity15 spatial distribution criteria, such as Paty et al. (1988) [15] or Barkhof et al. (1997) [14], are not sufficient to discriminate @entity1652 from @entity15 in brain MRI findings. Our results will provide valuable information that would be useful in establishing future revising criteria for @entity1652 .

title: XXXX in @entity1652 .

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['Brain abnormalities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rabies is a potential danger to the @entity1 health. Therefore, @entity1 who had contact with suspected or rabid animals should be vaccinated. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prophylactic anti- @entity12539 vaccination program in Bia  ystok. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In all, 2005 @entity1 exposed to @entity12539 after contact with suspected or rabid animals were examined at the Center for Rabies Prevention in Bia  ystok. Of this number, 719 (35.86%) @entity1 were eligible for vaccination. RESULTS: Rabies was confirmed in 45% of suspected animals. The largest number of @entity1 subjected to vaccination has been bitten or slobbered by @entity235 (42.28%), @entity291 (19.05%), red foxes (18.64%), @entity468 (6.95%), @entity35 (3.62%), bats (1.52%) and squirrels (0.56%). Hands (60%0 and shanks (12%) were the most frequently injured parts of the @entity1 body. The vaccinated group of @entity1 included 63% of males and 37% of females; 62.47% of rural and 36.63% of urban inhabitants. Vaccines were administered 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 days after exposure. Neither serious side effects, nor local @entity32 were reported. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Although prevention of @entity12539 among wild animals continues, the number of @entity1 vaccinated after @entity12539 exposure still remains at the same level in the city and the region of Bia  ystok. 2. The highest percentage of vaccinated @entity1 had been bitten or slobbered by rabid or suspected domestic animals. 3. It is believed that the continuation of the vaccination program among wild animals will diminish the range of prophylactic vaccination among @entity1 .

title: [Evaluation of the prophylactic anti- XXXX vaccination program for adults carried out by the Center for Rabies Prevention in Bia  ystok, 1992-2001].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'patients', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammations']

answer: @entity12539 :: (MESH:D011818,Disease) :: ['rabies']


abstract: The management of small pulmonary artery in @entity215 ( @entity215 ) with @entity1146 ( @entity1146 ) is complicated. Our strategy is palliative right ventricle outflow tract reconstruction (RVOTR). The aim of this study is to determine whether palliative RVOTR is useful as the first stage operation. Since 1994, 7 @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 and @entity2150 pulmonary arteries underwent palliative RVOTR. All @entity1 survived operation without complication except for 1. He had @entity2849 at right ventricular outflow patch requiring aneurysmectomy and re-RVOTR 1.5 months after the initial RVOTR. Nine months after RVOTR in the average, pulmonary artery index (PAI) increased from 139 +/- 87 to 306 +/- 156 (p < 0.05). No @entity1 had pulmonary high flow or @entity120 . Two of them had pulmonary coractation due to ductal tissue in the pulmonary artery, necessitating additional modified Blalock-Taussig shunts at 8 and 10 months old. One @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 , major @entity2009 (MAPCA) had corrective surgery after 2 additional operations and interventional catheterization. Five @entity1 of this series already have undergone corrective surgery, whereas 1 is waiting for it. RVOTR is a useful method for pulmonary artery growth in @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 and diminutive pulmonary artery.

title: [Palliative right ventricle outflow reconstruction in XXXX with @entity1146 and @entity2150 pulmonary artery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2009 :: ('MESH:C537782', 'Disease') :: ['aorto-pulmonary collateral artery']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['TOF', 'tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1146 :: ('MESH:D018633', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary atresia', 'PA']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity215 :: (MESH:D013771,Disease) :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']


abstract: The management of small pulmonary artery in @entity215 ( @entity215 ) with @entity1146 ( @entity1146 ) is complicated. Our strategy is palliative right ventricle outflow tract reconstruction (RVOTR). The aim of this study is to determine whether palliative RVOTR is useful as the first stage operation. Since 1994, 7 @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 and @entity2150 pulmonary arteries underwent palliative RVOTR. All @entity1 survived operation without complication except for 1. He had @entity2849 at right ventricular outflow patch requiring aneurysmectomy and re-RVOTR 1.5 months after the initial RVOTR. Nine months after RVOTR in the average, pulmonary artery index (PAI) increased from 139 +/- 87 to 306 +/- 156 (p < 0.05). No @entity1 had pulmonary high flow or @entity120 . Two of them had pulmonary coractation due to ductal tissue in the pulmonary artery, necessitating additional modified Blalock-Taussig shunts at 8 and 10 months old. One @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 , major @entity2009 (MAPCA) had corrective surgery after 2 additional operations and interventional catheterization. Five @entity1 of this series already have undergone corrective surgery, whereas 1 is waiting for it. RVOTR is a useful method for pulmonary artery growth in @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 and diminutive pulmonary artery.

title: [Palliative right ventricle outflow reconstruction in @entity215 with @entity1146 and XXXX pulmonary artery].

answer: @entity2150 :: (MESH:D000741,Disease) :: ['hypoplastic']


abstract: The management of small pulmonary artery in @entity215 ( @entity215 ) with @entity1146 ( @entity1146 ) is complicated. Our strategy is palliative right ventricle outflow tract reconstruction (RVOTR). The aim of this study is to determine whether palliative RVOTR is useful as the first stage operation. Since 1994, 7 @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 and @entity2150 pulmonary arteries underwent palliative RVOTR. All @entity1 survived operation without complication except for 1. He had @entity2849 at right ventricular outflow patch requiring aneurysmectomy and re-RVOTR 1.5 months after the initial RVOTR. Nine months after RVOTR in the average, pulmonary artery index (PAI) increased from 139 +/- 87 to 306 +/- 156 (p < 0.05). No @entity1 had pulmonary high flow or @entity120 . Two of them had pulmonary coractation due to ductal tissue in the pulmonary artery, necessitating additional modified Blalock-Taussig shunts at 8 and 10 months old. One @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 , major @entity2009 (MAPCA) had corrective surgery after 2 additional operations and interventional catheterization. Five @entity1 of this series already have undergone corrective surgery, whereas 1 is waiting for it. RVOTR is a useful method for pulmonary artery growth in @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 and diminutive pulmonary artery.

title: [Palliative right ventricle outflow reconstruction in @entity215 with XXXX and @entity2150 pulmonary artery].

answer: @entity1146 :: (MESH:D018633,Disease) :: ['pulmonary atresia']


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated daily needle applicator displacement during high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Ten @entity1 with previously untreated @entity5 received 30Gy in five fractions during 3 days of high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy combined with external beam radiotherapy using our unique ambulatory technique. To analyze displacement, we obtained daily computed tomography (CT) images for 147 flexible needle applicators at 21 and 45h after implantation. The distance was defined as the length between the center of gravity of @entity702 markers and the needle applicator tips along the daily CT @entity2270 . We adapted dwell positions of the treatment source to cover clinical target volume with a 15-mm cranial margin. RESULTS: The median displacement was 1mm (range, -6 to 12mm) at 21h and 2mm (range, -9 to 14mm) at 45h, respectively. Statistically significant @entity6466 was observed only between the displacement at 0 and 21h (p<0.0001), and not between the displacement at 21 and 45h (p=0.1). In cases with displacement of 3mm or more, we changed dwell positions to correct the treatment plan. We corrected 45 applicators (31%) at 21h and 67 (46%) at 45h. CONCLUSIONS: We investigated needle applicator displacement in our ambulatory technique using daily CT examination and considered that a 15-mm cranial margin was sufficient to cover clinical target volume.

title: Daily computed tomography measurement of needle applicator displacement during high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy for previously untreated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['uterine cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity6466 :: ('MESH:C535879', 'Disease') :: ['caudal displacement']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['uterine cervical cancer']


abstract: Hepatic @entity3 from @entity14 represent a serious complication, often at the origin of death. Very few studies allow to know their epidemiological characteristics. From available data the proportion of @entity14 with synchronous liver @entity3 is 15% and the 5 year cumulative risk of metachronous @entity3 is 16%. According to C  te-d'Or data, it was 4.6% for @entity2802 stage 1 @entity5 , 14.1% for stage 2 and 32.0% for stage 3. Taking into account incidence and prevalence of @entity14 it can be estimated that the number of synchronous hepatic @entity3 is 5,400 per year and the number of metachronous hepatic @entity3 9,000 per year. In the C  te-d'Or area 6.5% of synchronous hepatic @entity3 , were resected for cure and 21% of metachronous hepatic @entity3 . The survival rates for synchronous hepatic @entity3 were 31% at 1 year and 2% at 5 year. The corresponding rates for metachronous @entity3 were 31% and 4%. After surgery for cure the 5 year survival rate was 11% for synchronous @entity3 and 16% for metachronous @entity3 . Population based data indicates that liver @entity3 from @entity14 represent a frequent problem and are more frequent that suggested by hospital-based data.

title: [Epidemiology of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer liver metastases']


abstract: In the early 1990s gene therapy had the promise of a new therapeutic modality for many types of @entity5 including @entity14 . At the end of that decade the outlook was less encouraging following the @entity204 of a @entity1 receiving adenovirus in Pennsylvania. Today the prospect is very @entity22485 following the @entity1778 in @entity1 treated for @entity915 in France. Does this mean the start and fall of gene therapy? In this article the concept of gene therapy for @entity14 will be reviewed. Studies in this field will be cited. It is clear that there are several obstacles to surmount. It is difficult to foresee whether gene therapy will succeed in the clinics in @entity1 with @entity14 . In this article the author will describe the systematic approach which might lead to success of gene therapy in these @entity1 . In short, gene therapy so far has failed in @entity1 with @entity14 . However it might succeed in the future. The jury is still out!

title: [Gene therapy in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity915 :: ('MESH:D053632', 'Disease') :: ['SCiD syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['discovery of leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal liver metastases']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer liver metastases']


abstract: Between October 1981 and December 2000, 46 @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ) underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the Nagoya Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group. The median age was 28.5 years (range, 4-51 years). All but one @entity1 achieved engraftment. Grade II-to-IV @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) developed in 32.5% of @entity1 , and chronic @entity2132 developed in 40.5%. The incidences of relapse and treatment-related mortality (TRM) at 5 years were 65% and 26%, respectively. The estimated overall survival rate at 5 years was 23%. Univariate analysis showed that improved @entity66 ( @entity66 ) was independently associated with complete remission (CR) at transplantation (39%), compared with non-CR (8%) (P = .023). Non-CR at transplantation was associated with a higher risk of relapse. Donor type, acute @entity2132 , and time from diagnosis to HSCT all had a significant effect on TRM. In a multivariate analysis, 9 months or more from diagnosis to HSCT was the only variable statistically significant for @entity66 (relative risk, 3.22; P = .01). This study demonstrates that allogeneic HSCT cures a significant population of @entity1 with @entity981 . Relapse is the major obstacle limiting the success of HSCT. Early transplantation during CR from donors, including unrelated @entity1 or mismatched relatives, may offer improved long-term @entity66 .

title: Twenty years' experience in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for XXXX in the Nagoya Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['Ph+ ALL', 'Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DFS', 'disease-free survival']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'acute graft-versus-host disease']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study investigated the immediate effects of audible joint sounds following a supine T3-T4 spinal thrust manipulation on the autonomic nervous system activity using a fully automated pupillometry system in @entity1 with @entity4048 . An additional aim was to determine if audible sounds as perceived by the therapist were associated with the reduction of @entity158 following manipulation. METHODS: One hundred subjects with @entity4048 completed the study protocol. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the change scores of the 3 measuring points between the one-pop and multiple-pop groups. Subjects were randomized into either a manipulation or a mobilization group. A method of automated pupillometry was used in this study to capture pupil responsiveness. RESULTS: The analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > .05). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the median change scores between the mobilization, no-pop, and pop groups. The analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of change in pupil diameter between the 3 groups (P > .05).The Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated that the no-pop group (P = .031) and the multiple-pop group (P = .014) had a significant reduction of @entity158 ; however, it did not reach the minimal clinically significant level of 13 mm on the visual analog scale. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provided evidence that the presence of joint sounds does not influence the overall activity of the autonomic nervous system following a thrust manipulation or contribute to the reduction of @entity158 in @entity1 with @entity4048 .

title: Immediate effects of the audible pop from a thoracic spine thrust manipulation on the autonomic nervous system and XXXX : a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['chronic neck pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is still unknown whether or not the additional right precordial leads (RPL) during exercise testing contribute to detection of @entity453 ( @entity453 ). HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the RPL during exercise testing for the detection of @entity453 . METHODS: The study included 157 consecutive @entity1 (116 @entity1 and 41 @entity1 , mean age 66 years) suspected of having @entity453 , who underwent conclusive treadmill exercise testing (heart rate reached at least 85% of the predicted maximum or positive electrocardiogram [ECG] changes were exhibited) and coronary angiography. During exercise testing, the ECG was recorded with the standard 12 leads and 4 RPL ( @entity57913 , @entity17750 , @entity57584 , @entity72354 ). RESULTS: Of the 157 @entity1 , 67 had @entity453 (> 75% stenosis in at least one major coronary artery), and 64 had positive ST changes in the standard ECG leads during exercise testing. Using the conventional 12-lead method, sensitivity and specificity were 76 and 86%, respectively. Only three @entity1 exhibited positive changes in the RPL leads; all had > 0.1 mV ST elevation in one of the RPL leads with > 0.1 mV ST elevation in aVR. Two of these @entity1 had significant right coronary artery lesions and the other had a lesion of the left anterior descending artery which perfused the inferior as well as the anteroseptal area. In the standard 12 leads, one of the @entity1 with an abnormal RPL and a right coronary lesion was negative, while the other two @entity1 were positive. Combining RPL with the conventional 12-lead method, sensitivity and specificity were 78 and 86%, respectively. Therefore, RPL did not improve the accuracy of the exercise ECG. CONCLUSION: The use of RPL during exercise testing may contribute to the detection of @entity63 perfused by the right coronary artery; however, it does not improve the diagnostic accuracy of the exercise test.

title: Do the right precordial leads during exercise testing contribute to detection of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity57584 :: ('p|SUB|V|5|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V5R']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity57913 :: ('p|SUB|V|3|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V3R']

entities_list: @entity72354 :: ('p|SUB|V|6|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V6R']

entities_list: @entity17750 :: ('p|SUB|V|4|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V4R']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: Some members of the ribonuclease superfamily, such as Onconase, are cytotoxic to @entity5 cells. This is not the case for @entity1 @entity788 . This lack of @entity137 is probably a result of the inhibition exerted by the cytosolic ribonuclease inhibitor once the protein has reached the cytosol. Until now, all cytotoxic @entity1 @entity788 variants have been described as being resistant to the inhibitor. Here, we report on the characterization of a cytotoxic variant of @entity1 @entity788 which has an @entity534 triplet introduced onto one of its surface-exposed loops. Despite its sensitivity to the inhibitor, this variant, called PE5, was only 5-15 times less cytotoxic than Onconase. When it was taken up by cells, it was only observed within late compartments of the endocytic pathway, probably because the number of molecules transported to the cytosol was too small to allow their visualization. Nuclear import assays showed that the @entity534 triplet endows PE5 with a nuclear localization signal. In these experiments, PE5 was efficiently transported to the nucleus where it was initially localized in the nucleolus. Although the @entity534 introduction modified the net charge of the protein and somehow impaired recognition by the cytosolic inhibitor, control variants, which had the same number of charges or were not recognized by the inhibitor, were not toxic. We concluded that targeting a ribonuclease to the nucleus results in @entity137 . This effect is probably due to ribonuclease interference with rRNA processing and ribosome assembly within the nucleolus.

title: A nuclear localization sequence endows @entity1 XXXX with cytotoxic activity.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic ribonuclease']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic ribonuclease']


abstract: Some members of the ribonuclease superfamily, such as Onconase, are cytotoxic to @entity5 cells. This is not the case for @entity1 @entity788 . This lack of @entity137 is probably a result of the inhibition exerted by the cytosolic ribonuclease inhibitor once the protein has reached the cytosol. Until now, all cytotoxic @entity1 @entity788 variants have been described as being resistant to the inhibitor. Here, we report on the characterization of a cytotoxic variant of @entity1 @entity788 which has an @entity534 triplet introduced onto one of its surface-exposed loops. Despite its sensitivity to the inhibitor, this variant, called PE5, was only 5-15 times less cytotoxic than Onconase. When it was taken up by cells, it was only observed within late compartments of the endocytic pathway, probably because the number of molecules transported to the cytosol was too small to allow their visualization. Nuclear import assays showed that the @entity534 triplet endows PE5 with a nuclear localization signal. In these experiments, PE5 was efficiently transported to the nucleus where it was initially localized in the nucleolus. Although the @entity534 introduction modified the net charge of the protein and somehow impaired recognition by the cytosolic inhibitor, control variants, which had the same number of charges or were not recognized by the inhibitor, were not toxic. We concluded that targeting a ribonuclease to the nucleus results in @entity137 . This effect is probably due to ribonuclease interference with rRNA processing and ribosome assembly within the nucleolus.

title: A nuclear localization sequence endows XXXX @entity788 with cytotoxic activity.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Expressive emotional writing has demonstrated efficacy for improving health status in a wide variety of healthy @entity1 and recently in @entity1 with @entity102 . PURPOSE: This study was a randomized, controlled effectiveness trial with 4 arms: 2 active treatment writing groups, 1 inactive writing group, and 1 attention control group. It represents the first attempt to translate the expressive writing intervention into a low-cost, community-based intervention in the form of a videotaped program. METHODS: Feasibility of the approach and @entity1 adherence were examined in a community rheumatology practice with @entity309 @entity1 (N = 373). RESULTS: The videotape format was able to convey the intervention instructions accurately and produced the expected and differential ratings of stressfulness and emotional provocation across the 3 writing programs. Seventy-nine percent of eligible @entity1 agreed to take the program home; 49% of these @entity1 reported that they followed the protocol. Physician Disease Activity Rating and the Physical Component Summary of the SF36v2 Health Survey were assessed pre and post program. CONCLUSIONS: Intent-to-treat analyses found no effect of the treatment. Pretreatment differences among the protocol-adherent @entity1 complicated treatment outcome interpretation. The standard writing instructions did not yield an effect; a modified set of instructions to extract meaning from the traumatic event yielded equivocal results. Contrasts between efficacy and effectiveness trials and the challenge of achieving significant outcomes in effectiveness trials are discussed.

title: The feasibility and effectiveness of an expressive writing intervention for XXXX via home-based videotaped instructions.

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: OBJECT: With limited studies available, the correlation between the extent of resection and @entity5 recurrence in @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ) has not been definitively established. In this prospective study, the authors evaluated 772 @entity1 who underwent microsurgical resection of @entity5513 to analyze the association between total @entity5 resection and the @entity5 recurrence rate. METHODS: The authors selected all cases from a prospectively collected database of @entity1 who underwent microsurgical resection as their initial treatment for a histopathologically confirmed VS. Recurrence-free survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The authors studied the impact of possible confounders such as @entity1 age and @entity5 size using stepwise Cox regression to calculate the proportional hazard ratio of recurrence while controlling for other cofounding variables. RESULTS: The authors analyzed data obtained in 571, 89, and 112 @entity1 in whom gross-total, near-total, and subtotal resections, respectively, were performed. A gross-total resection was achieved in 74% of the @entity1 , and the overall recurrence rate in these @entity1 8.8%. There was no significant relation between the extent of resection and the rate of @entity5 recurrence (p = 0.58). As expected, the extent of resection was highly correlated with @entity1 age, @entity5 size, and surgical approach (p < 0.0001). Using Cox regression, the authors found that the approach used did not significantly affect @entity5 control when the extent of resection was controlled for. CONCLUSIONS: While complete @entity5 removal is ideal, the results presented here suggest that there is no significant relationship between the extent of resection and @entity5 recurrence.

title: Extent of resection and the long-term durability of XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['VSs', 'vestibular schwannomas']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannoma']


abstract: @entity309 ( @entity309 ) has a complex, poorly characterized pathophysiology. Modeling of transcriptosome behavior in pathologic specimens using microarrays allows molecular dissection of complex @entity792 . However, conventional analyses rely on identifying statistically significant differences in gene expression distributions between @entity1 and controls. Since the principal aspects of disease pathophysiology vary significantly among @entity1 , these analyses are biased. Genes with highly variable expression, those most likely to regulate and affect pathologic processes, are excluded from selection, as their distribution among healthy and affected individuals may overlap significantly. Here we describe a novel method for analyzing microarray data that assesses statistically significant changes in gene behavior at the population level. This method was applied to expression profiles of peripheral blood leukocytes from a group of @entity1 with polyarticular @entity309 and healthy control subjects. Results from this method are compared with those from a conventional analysis of differential gene expression and shown to identify discrete subsets of functionally related genes relevant to disease pathophysiology. These results reveal the complex action of the innate and adaptive immune responses in @entity1 and specifically underscore the role of @entity379 in disease pathophysiology. Discriminant function analysis of data from a cohort of @entity1 treated with conventional therapy identified additional subsets of functionally related genes; the results may predict treatment outcomes. While data from only 9 @entity1 and 12 healthy controls was used, this preliminary investigation of the inflammatory genomics of @entity309 illustrates the significant potential of utilizing complementary sets of bioinformatics tools to maximize the clinical relevance of microarray data from @entity1 with @entity792 , even in small cohorts.

title: Novel approaches to gene expression analysis of active XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease', 'autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['JRA', 'Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early recurrences (ERs) within 1 month after paroxysmal @entity955 ( @entity955 ) ablation are common and may subside in a considerable proportion of @entity1 . Although late reablation after 3 months is recommended, the proper timing for reablation remains undetermined. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and seventeen (31.2%) from the pool of 375 @entity1 experienced ERs at 7.5    5.5 days postablation. They were allocated into two groups randomly: early reablation group (ERe+) (n = 57) and nonearly reablation group (ERe-) (n = 60). Forty @entity1 (70.2%) in ERe+ group underwent early reablation at 28.1    2.7 days postablation. Forty @entity1 (66.7%) in ERe- group underwent late reablation at 98.2    5.2 days postablation. The proportion of reablation was comparable (P = 0.68). ERs subsided in 17 (29.8%) in ERe+ group and in 20 (33.3%) in ERe- group. In ERe+ group, PV reconnection in 36 (80.0%), non-PV foci in six (10.5%), and right or left @entity956 in five (8.8%) was abolished by ablation. In ERe- group, pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection in 29 (72.5%), non-PV foci in eight (13.3%), and right or left @entity956 in eight (13.3%) was ablated successfully. The proportion of PV reconnection, nonfoci, and @entity956 was comparable, P = 0.45, 0.64, and 0.56, respectively. At the end of 16.5    2.0 (ERe+ group) and 15.2    2.6 (ERe- group) months' follow-up, 47 (82.5%) in ERe+ group and 51 (85%) in ERe- group were free of @entity4710 , P = 0.70. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with reablation 2 months later after initial ablation, early reablation at    1 month had similar clinical effectiveness. The proper timing for reablation can be set at    1 month after initial @entity955 .

title: Early recurrences after paroxysmal XXXX ablation: when is the proper timing for reablation?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF', 'paroxysmal AF ablation']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: While internal medicine interns provide much of the care to @entity1 dying in the hospital, few report that they have received adequate training in end-of-life care. PURPOSE: To address this perceived lack of training, we undertook a study to evaluate Death Rounds as an educational tool in end-of-life care and to address the emotional needs of trainees providing care to dying @entity1 . DESIGN: We used a behavioral interventional study using a pre-post study design. @entity1 : The study included all internal medicine interns at the University of Washington (n = 62) during the academic year 2007-08. Interns from the 2006-07 academic year (n = 64) received the survey and served as the control group. INTERVENTION: Death Rounds, a one-hour session dedicated to discussion of emotional reactions to @entity1 @entity204 . MAIN MEASURES: We used a 14-item electronic measure with questions directed toward the impact of perceived insufficient end-of-life care and the role of Death Rounds in resident education. KEY RESULTS: Results are drawn from a total of 39 surveys completed by the intervention group, for a response rate of 63%. Seventy-four percent (29) felt that Death Rounds contributed to their education in end-of-life issues. Seventy-two percent (28) reported that Death Rounds was "somewhat" or "very" helpful in improving their comfort with discussing end-of-life issues. Ninety-seven percent (38) of @entity1 thought that having an opportunity to discuss the emotional aspects of @entity1 @entity204 should be included in their training. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that learning to deal with the strong emotions that arise in the care of dying @entity1 is an important part of physician training. Death Rounds provides an opportunity to explore these emotions with colleagues in a supportive environment and is a valuable addition to the resident curriculum.

title: Using XXXX rounds to improve end-of-life education for internal medicine residents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: The variation in tolerance to low oxyg @entity26 likely explained by divergent sets of molecular and metabolic responses between species.     We analysed the versatility of the response to low oxyg @entity26 primary metabolism by comparing nine previously published metabolome profiling studies. Data were juxtaposed with expression profiles of genes encoding enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways of rice @entity579 ab @entity958 poplar. Furthermore, full transcript profiles were compared to determine commonalities in the expression of orthologous genes and genes that serve similar functions.     Activation of fermentation and the accumulation of alan @entity493 s succ @entity4588 e observed in all species, but transcriptional regulation of these metabolic pathways varied. Global analysis of orthologue expression revealed that most differentially expressed genes either had no orthologues or were not affected in the other species. Expression analysis of nearly all gene clusters with common functions varied significantly between species.     The resemblance of the metabolic response to hypo @entity519 icates that this occurs independent of the level of tolerance. However, regulation of these processes at transcriptional level varied between species. An important role is suggested for signalling and post-transcriptional regulation to be involved in the mechanisms that lead to tolerance to hypo @entity519

title: Comparative analysis between plant species of transcriptional and metabolic responses to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity4588 :: ('MESH:D019802', 'Chemical') :: ['succinate']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess heart rate variability (HRV) in Boxers with @entity4128 ( @entity4128 ), assess the ability of HRV analysis to identify differences in Boxers on the basis of severity of their @entity943 , and evaluate the use of HRV to determine whether persistently high sympathetic tone is present in these @entity235 . DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 24 Boxers with @entity4128 and 10 clinically normal non-Boxer @entity235 . PROCEDURE: Boxers were categorized as @entity235 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ), @entity235 with < or = 2 ventricular premature complexes (VPCs)/24 h (designated unaffected), or @entity235 with > 1,000 VPCs/24 h (designated affected). Ambulatory electrocardiography (24 hours) was performed in each @entity235 . Recordings were analyzed for HRV variables at a commercial laboratory; differences in HRV variables among groups were compared with 1-way ANOVA. RESULTS: Compared with control non-Boxer @entity235 and Boxers without @entity712 (affected and unaffected Boxers), HRV was reduced in Boxers with @entity712 . No differences in HRV variables were detected between affected and unaffected Boxers. Inconsistent differences were identified between the control @entity235 and Boxers without @entity712 that had various degrees of @entity943 . CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that persistently high sympathetic tone is not a consistent feature of @entity4128 . Differences in some HRV variables between Boxers without @entity712 and control @entity235 suggest that Boxers may have different autonomic control of heart rate, compared with that of clinically normal non-Boxer @entity235 . The usefulness of HRV analysis appears limited to Boxers with @entity4128 that have @entity299 and @entity712 .

title: Assessment of heart rate variability in Boxers with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4128 :: ('MESH:D019571', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy', 'ARVC']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity4128 :: (MESH:D019571,Disease) :: ['arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy']


abstract: The acute effects of an intravenous infusion of @entity8633 ( @entity12962 ) (4 mg . kg-1) on left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics, coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF), and myocardial metabolism were studied in eight @entity1 with @entity453 . In contrast with data previously reported with @entity460 channel blockers, @entity12962 induced an elevation in LV end-diastolic pressure from 12.0 +/- 7.1 to 20.1 +/- 7.2 mm Hg (mean +/- SD, p less than 0.001) and a fall in LV dp/dt max from 1339 +/- 302 to 1177 +/- 251 mm Hg . @entity8639 (p less than 0.01). This significant alteration in LV function is likely to be explained by the lack of effect on heart rate and aortic pressure observed after an acute intravenous infusion of @entity12962 . Myocardial @entity26 consumption (MVO2) increased from 448 +/- 272 to 498 +/- 273 mumol . @entity1009 (p less than 0.05) as did CSBF from 79.5 +/- 42.7 to 92.1 +/- 45.1 ml X @entity1009 (p less than 0.01). Lactate extraction fell from 0.33 +/- 0.17 to 0.15 +/- 0.17 (p less than 0.05). A contrast medium-induced @entity301 ( @entity450 ) evidenced an increased hyperemic volume from 9.5 +/- 3.6 to 12.1 +/- 4.5 ml/100 g LV (p less than 0.01) and @entity450 duration from 23.3 +/- 6.9 to 32.3 +/- 15.4 sec (p less than 0.05) after @entity12962 . However, the peak/resting CSBF ratio was blunted after @entity12962 from 1.74 +/- 0.18 to 1.61 +/- 0.12 (p less than 0.05), evidencing a net effect of @entity12962 on @entity450 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Alterations in contrast medium-induced @entity301 after bepridil in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary reactive hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity8633 :: ('MESH:D015764', 'Chemical') :: ['bepridil']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']