abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity43 is characterized by nonspecific signs and clinical symptoms arising at late stages. Early detection is therefore important and may significantly improve the survival rate. Cancer antigen 125 ( @entity10224 ) has been the most extensively studied serum biomarker in @entity43 , but low specificity limits its usefulness. A relatively novel biomarker, @entity1 epididymis protein 4 ( @entity3422 ), has shown promise in early detection of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate how early the @entity5 marker increases before diagnosis. METHODS/MATERIALS: A nested case-control design was used to evaluate the performance of @entity3422 and @entity10224 in prediagnostic serum samples from the Janus Serumbank. Serial specimens from 120 @entity1 with @entity43 were compared with healthy controls. Serum level of @entity10224 , @entity3422 , and @entity4874 was measured. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to investigate impact of smoking, age, storage time, and lag time (time from sampling until date of diagnosis). RESULTS: Spearman correlation showed a strong positive correlation between @entity3422 and smoking in both cases and controls. Multiple linear regression analyses for pairwise differences between case and control showed that serum level of @entity3422 and @entity10224 was significantly increased (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively) 2 years before diagnosis and that @entity10224 also was significantly increased up to 4 years before diagnosis (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that a difference between cases and controls in serum concentration of @entity3422 seemed to be increased 2 years before diagnosis and that @entity10224 was increased until 4 years before diagnosis.

title: XXXX as an Early Detection Biomarker of @entity43 : Investigations in Prediagnostic Specimens From the Janus Serumbank.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['invasive epithelial ovarian cancer', 'epithelial ovarian cancer', 'Epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity4874 :: ('MESH:D003367', 'Chemical') :: ['cotinine']

answer: @entity3422 :: (10406,Gene) :: ['HE4']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity43 is characterized by nonspecific signs and clinical symptoms arising at late stages. Early detection is therefore important and may significantly improve the survival rate. Cancer antigen 125 ( @entity10224 ) has been the most extensively studied serum biomarker in @entity43 , but low specificity limits its usefulness. A relatively novel biomarker, @entity1 epididymis protein 4 ( @entity3422 ), has shown promise in early detection of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate how early the @entity5 marker increases before diagnosis. METHODS/MATERIALS: A nested case-control design was used to evaluate the performance of @entity3422 and @entity10224 in prediagnostic serum samples from the Janus Serumbank. Serial specimens from 120 @entity1 with @entity43 were compared with healthy controls. Serum level of @entity10224 , @entity3422 , and @entity4874 was measured. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to investigate impact of smoking, age, storage time, and lag time (time from sampling until date of diagnosis). RESULTS: Spearman correlation showed a strong positive correlation between @entity3422 and smoking in both cases and controls. Multiple linear regression analyses for pairwise differences between case and control showed that serum level of @entity3422 and @entity10224 was significantly increased (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively) 2 years before diagnosis and that @entity10224 also was significantly increased up to 4 years before diagnosis (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that a difference between cases and controls in serum concentration of @entity3422 seemed to be increased 2 years before diagnosis and that @entity10224 was increased until 4 years before diagnosis.

title: @entity3422 as an Early Detection Biomarker of XXXX : Investigations in Prediagnostic Specimens From the Janus Serumbank.

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Epithelial Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of displaced middle-third @entity174 resulted in shorter complete return to work periods with earlier consolidation documented on computed tomography (CT) scans in this prospective, randomized controlled trial. METHODS: The study randomized 76 consecutive @entity1 with displaced @entity174 (2B1-2B2 according to Robinson) to conservative (C, n =  42) and surgical (S, n  =  34) treatment with plates and screws. Bone union was documented with CT scans at 6 and 12 weeks. RESULTS: Risk factors known to increase the risk of nonunion were similar between groups. Time until discharge for complete return to work was 3.7      1.1 months for C and 2.9      0.8  months for S (P  =  .003). On the CT scan at 6 weeks, 24.1% of the @entity1 presented advanced bone union in S vs 5.3% in C (P  =  .05). At 12 weeks, 81% of the @entity1 presented advanced bone union in S vs 16.7% in C (P  =  .005). At final follow-up, 4 nonunions were present in the C group that required surgery; in the S group, 4 @entity1 underwent revision surgery for plate removal. At 6 and 12 months of follow-up, Constant scores were higher for the S group. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment with ORIF of displaced middle-third @entity174 achieved good and excellent functional results, shorter time to complete return to work, earlier bone union, and fewer cases of nonunions in a working population under @entity130 .

title: Surgical treatment of displaced middle-third XXXX : a prospective, randomized trial in a working compensation population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury compensation']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'clavicular fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['clavicular fractures']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sacral stress @entity174 and @entity6592 are two conditions that present with @entity158 . @entity1642 are a rare cause of lumbar and @entity158 . @entity1642 are a type of @entity1642 . @entity6592 represents @entity32 of the @entity2720 . Coexistence of @entity6592 and @entity1642  ( @entity1642 ) has not been reported before. Case 1: A 39-year-old @entity1 reporting @entity615 . Imaging revealed bilateral chronic @entity6592 and bilateral @entity1642 . Case 2: A 31-year-old @entity1 presenting with left hip and @entity158 . Imaging revealed left @entity6592 and ipsilateral @entity1642 . @entity460 and @entity560 supplementation together with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment were given. @entity3378 was added to the treatment of the second @entity1 who developed peripheral @entity625 during follow-ups. Early diagnosis is best made with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) since roentgenograms may be negative initially. Furthermore, MRI findings of both entities share common features leading to a diagnostic dilemma. Interpretation of radiological findings assisted by detailed history and clinical findings is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

title: XXXX or insufficiency @entity174 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6592 :: ('MESH:D058566', 'Disease') :: ['sacroiliitis', 'Sacroiliitis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory back pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['hip pain', 'pain', 'inguinal pain']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['Calcium']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['sacroiliac joints']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['Sacral insufficiency fractures', 'sacral stress fractures', 'sacral insufficiency fracture', 'Sacral stress fractures', 'SIF']

entities_list: @entity3378 :: ('MESH:D012460', 'Chemical') :: ['Sulfasalazine']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity6592 :: (MESH:D058566,Disease) :: ['Sacroiliitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sacral stress @entity174 and @entity6592 are two conditions that present with @entity158 . @entity1642 are a rare cause of lumbar and @entity158 . @entity1642 are a type of @entity1642 . @entity6592 represents @entity32 of the @entity2720 . Coexistence of @entity6592 and @entity1642  ( @entity1642 ) has not been reported before. Case 1: A 39-year-old @entity1 reporting @entity615 . Imaging revealed bilateral chronic @entity6592 and bilateral @entity1642 . Case 2: A 31-year-old @entity1 presenting with left hip and @entity158 . Imaging revealed left @entity6592 and ipsilateral @entity1642 . @entity460 and @entity560 supplementation together with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment were given. @entity3378 was added to the treatment of the second @entity1 who developed peripheral @entity625 during follow-ups. Early diagnosis is best made with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) since roentgenograms may be negative initially. Furthermore, MRI findings of both entities share common features leading to a diagnostic dilemma. Interpretation of radiological findings assisted by detailed history and clinical findings is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

title: @entity6592 or insufficiency XXXX ?

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High levels of @entity1255 (Hcy) are related to an increased risk of the occurrence of @entity154 , including @entity4218 . However, few evaluations about how toxic levels of Hcy affect limb development have been reported. We investigated whether Hcy can affect the cell cycle proteins and proteins involved in mesenchymal cell differentiation during limb development, in a @entity1573 embryo model. Embryos were treated with 20   mol d-l Hcy/50   l saline at embryonic day 2 and analyzed at embryonic day 6. Untreated control embryos received exclusively 50   l saline solution. To identify cells in proliferation and cell cycle proteins, as well as @entity46935 and @entity8377 proteins, we performed immunolocalization and flow cytometry analyses using the antibodies anti-phosphohistone H3, anti-p53, anti-p21, anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen, anti- @entity45873 , anti- @entity71938 and anti- @entity8377 . No significant differences in cell proliferation were observed between @entity5784 -treated and untreated embryos. We observed a decrease of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen and p21 proteins, both involved in the G1 phase of cell cycle progression. On the other hand, in mesenchymal cells of the limbs, Hcy induces an increase of p53 protein, which can be activated by DNA damage. In cell differentiation, Hcy induced an increase mainly of @entity71938 and @entity8377 proteins. Our data indicate that the treatment with Hcy changes the mesenchymal cell dynamics during limb development, but does not change the morphology of the cartilage molds. These findings provide information to understand better the cellular basis of the @entity137 of Hcy on chondrogenesis during limb development. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Effects of XXXX on mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation during chondrogenesis on limb development.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['limb defects']

answer: @entity1255 :: (MESH:D006710,Chemical) :: ['homocysteine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The NIDA Clinical Trials Network trial of rapid @entity645 testing/counseling in 1281 @entity1 was a unique opportunity to examine relationships among substance use, @entity308 , and sex risk behavior. METHODS: Past 6-month substance use; substance use severity (Drug Abuse Screening Test - 10); @entity308 (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology); and three types of sex risk behavior ( @entity250 [ @entity250 ] with primary partners; @entity250 with nonprimary partners; and @entity250 while high/drunk) were assessed. Zero-inflated negative binomial analyses provided: probability and rate of sex risk behavior (in risk behavior subsample). RESULTS: Levels of sexual risk behavior were high, while variable across the three types of sex risk behaviors. Among the @entity1 , 50.4% had engaged in @entity250 with primary partners, 42% in sex while drunk or high, and 23.8% in @entity250 with nonprimary partners. Similar factors were significantly associated with all three types of sex risk behaviors. For all types, problem drinking, @entity2072 use, and substance use severity had an exacerbating effect. Older age was associated with lower risk behavior; other relationship categories (eg, married, separated/divorced, cohabitating) were associated with greater risk behavior than was single status. @entity308 were associated with decreased likelihood of @entity250 with a primary partner. CONCLUSIONS: Sexual risk behavior is common among individuals in outpatient substance abuse treatment. Results highlight problem drinking (eg, up to three-fold) and @entity2072 (eg, up to twice) in increasing sex risk behavior. They demonstrate the utility of distinguishing between partner types and presence/absence of @entity285 /drugs during sex. Findings argue for the need to integrate sex risk reduction into drug treatment.

title: Substance Use, XXXX and Sociodemographic Determinants of @entity645 Sexual Risk Behavior in Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['unprotected sex occasions', 'USOs']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The NIDA Clinical Trials Network trial of rapid @entity645 testing/counseling in 1281 @entity1 was a unique opportunity to examine relationships among substance use, @entity308 , and sex risk behavior. METHODS: Past 6-month substance use; substance use severity (Drug Abuse Screening Test - 10); @entity308 (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology); and three types of sex risk behavior ( @entity250 [ @entity250 ] with primary partners; @entity250 with nonprimary partners; and @entity250 while high/drunk) were assessed. Zero-inflated negative binomial analyses provided: probability and rate of sex risk behavior (in risk behavior subsample). RESULTS: Levels of sexual risk behavior were high, while variable across the three types of sex risk behaviors. Among the @entity1 , 50.4% had engaged in @entity250 with primary partners, 42% in sex while drunk or high, and 23.8% in @entity250 with nonprimary partners. Similar factors were significantly associated with all three types of sex risk behaviors. For all types, problem drinking, @entity2072 use, and substance use severity had an exacerbating effect. Older age was associated with lower risk behavior; other relationship categories (eg, married, separated/divorced, cohabitating) were associated with greater risk behavior than was single status. @entity308 were associated with decreased likelihood of @entity250 with a primary partner. CONCLUSIONS: Sexual risk behavior is common among individuals in outpatient substance abuse treatment. Results highlight problem drinking (eg, up to three-fold) and @entity2072 (eg, up to twice) in increasing sex risk behavior. They demonstrate the utility of distinguishing between partner types and presence/absence of @entity285 /drugs during sex. Findings argue for the need to integrate sex risk reduction into drug treatment.

title: Substance Use, @entity308 and Sociodemographic Determinants of XXXX Sexual Risk Behavior in Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment @entity1 .

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The NIDA Clinical Trials Network trial of rapid @entity645 testing/counseling in 1281 @entity1 was a unique opportunity to examine relationships among substance use, @entity308 , and sex risk behavior. METHODS: Past 6-month substance use; substance use severity (Drug Abuse Screening Test - 10); @entity308 (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology); and three types of sex risk behavior ( @entity250 [ @entity250 ] with primary partners; @entity250 with nonprimary partners; and @entity250 while high/drunk) were assessed. Zero-inflated negative binomial analyses provided: probability and rate of sex risk behavior (in risk behavior subsample). RESULTS: Levels of sexual risk behavior were high, while variable across the three types of sex risk behaviors. Among the @entity1 , 50.4% had engaged in @entity250 with primary partners, 42% in sex while drunk or high, and 23.8% in @entity250 with nonprimary partners. Similar factors were significantly associated with all three types of sex risk behaviors. For all types, problem drinking, @entity2072 use, and substance use severity had an exacerbating effect. Older age was associated with lower risk behavior; other relationship categories (eg, married, separated/divorced, cohabitating) were associated with greater risk behavior than was single status. @entity308 were associated with decreased likelihood of @entity250 with a primary partner. CONCLUSIONS: Sexual risk behavior is common among individuals in outpatient substance abuse treatment. Results highlight problem drinking (eg, up to three-fold) and @entity2072 (eg, up to twice) in increasing sex risk behavior. They demonstrate the utility of distinguishing between partner types and presence/absence of @entity285 /drugs during sex. Findings argue for the need to integrate sex risk reduction into drug treatment.

title: Substance Use, @entity308 and Sociodemographic Determinants of @entity645 Sexual Risk Behavior in Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess differences between four different @entity1297 ( @entity1297 ) for @entity5 , liver, and lung absorbed doses following (90)Y microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) based on (90)Y bremsstrahlung SPECT/CT, a secondary objective was to estimate the sensitivity of liver and lung absorbed doses due to differences in organ segmentation near the liver-lung interface. METHODS: Investigated @entity1297 were Monte Carlo (MC), soft-tissue kernel with density correction (SKD), soft-tissue kernel (SK), and local deposition (LD). Seventeen SIRT cases were analyzed. Mean absorbed doses ([Formula: see text]) were calculated for @entity5 , @entity96 ( @entity96 ), and right lung (RL). Simulations with various SPECT spatial resolutions (FHWMs) and multiple lung shunt fractions (LSs) estimated the accuracy of @entity1297 at the liver-lung interface. Sensitivity of @entity1 RL and @entity96 [Formula: see text] on segmentation near the interface was assessed by excluding portions near the interface. RESULTS: SKD, SK, and LD were within 5  % of MC for @entity5 and @entity96 [Formula: see text]. LD and SKD overestimated RL [Formula: see text] compared to MC on average by 17 and 20  %, respectively; SK underestimated RL [Formula: see text] on average by -60  %. Simulations (20  mm FWHM, 20  % LS) showed that SKD, LD, and MC were within 10  % of the truth deep (>39  mm) in the lung; SK significantly underestimated the absorbed dose deep in the lung by approximately -70  %. All @entity1297 were within 10  % of truth deep (>12  mm) in the liver. Excluding 1, 2, and 3  cm of RL near the interface changed the resulting RL [Formula: see text] by -22, -38, and -48  %, respectively, for all @entity1297 . An average change of -7  % in the @entity96 [Formula: see text] was realized when excluding 3  cm of @entity96 from the interface. [Formula: see text] was realized when excluding 3 cm of @entity96 from the interface. CONCLUSIONS: SKD, SK, and LD are equivalent to MC for @entity5 and @entity96 [Formula: see text]. SK underestimates RL [Formula: see text] relative to MC whereas LD and SKD overestimate. RL [Formula: see text] is strongly influenced by the liver-lung interface.

title: Comparing voxel-based absorbed dosimetry methods in XXXX , liver, lung, and at the liver-lung interface for (90)Y microsphere selective internal radiation therapy.

entities_list: @entity1297 :: ('MESH:D019292', 'Disease') :: ['VBDM', 'voxel-based dosimetry methods']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['non-tumoral liver', 'NL']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction. @entity1653 are rare and preoperative diagnosis is difficult. The present study was performed to assess the clinical and radiological outcome of @entity1653 . Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 13 @entity1 (mean age: 49.9 years) who underwent surgical resection of @entity1653 from January 2006 to February 2014. There were 5 male and 8 female @entity1 . The Glasgow Outcome Scale was used to assess the clinical outcome at 6 months. Results. @entity10 was the main presenting clinical feature. Most of the @entity5 were located on the right side. The frontal convexity was the most common site. Gross total resection was performed in 10 @entity1 . The most common histopathological type was meningothelial variety. Conclusion. @entity1653 are usually benign that occur in relatively young @entity1 . Resection of cysts that show contrast enhancement is essential to reduce recurrence.

title: XXXX : A rare type of @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Headache']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial cystic meningiomas', 'Intracranial cystic meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['Intracranial cystic meningiomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction. @entity1653 are rare and preoperative diagnosis is difficult. The present study was performed to assess the clinical and radiological outcome of @entity1653 . Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 13 @entity1 (mean age: 49.9 years) who underwent surgical resection of @entity1653 from January 2006 to February 2014. There were 5 male and 8 female @entity1 . The Glasgow Outcome Scale was used to assess the clinical outcome at 6 months. Results. @entity10 was the main presenting clinical feature. Most of the @entity5 were located on the right side. The frontal convexity was the most common site. Gross total resection was performed in 10 @entity1 . The most common histopathological type was meningothelial variety. Conclusion. @entity1653 are usually benign that occur in relatively young @entity1 . Resection of cysts that show contrast enhancement is essential to reduce recurrence.

title: @entity1653 : A rare type of XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumours']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate @entity393 in @entity3124 @entity1 with @entity810 during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) and analysis the major factor impacting protein clearance. METHODS: A analysis was carried out in eighteen (twelve male and six female) @entity295 or severe acute @entity788 @entity1 with @entity810 from September 2008 to September 2009. The average age was 45 years (39 - 62 years). CVVH was conducted for 24 h in all @entity1 . Effluent volume, blood speed, ultrafiltration rate and transmembrane pressure ( @entity1597 ) were 4000 ml/h, (277    89) ml/h, (179    4) ml/min and (173    48) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) respectively. Blood samples were collected before and after filtration in order to detect protein concentration. Ultrafiltrate was obtained hourly to measure protein concentration and calculate @entity393 during session. RESULTS: Mean protein concentration was (231    67) mg/L and @entity393 was (22    6) g/d in ultrafiltrate samples. The difference in serum protein level during hemofiltration was not significant [(56    6) g/L vs. (55    10) g/L, P > 0.05], while there was a weak, but statistically significant correlation between the ultrafiltrate protein concentration and the corresponding value for serum protein (r = 0.481, P < 0.05). However, there was a strong and statistically significant correlation between the ultrafiltrate protein concentration and the @entity1597 (r = 0.564, P < 0.01). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that @entity1597 and serum protein concentration played a pivotal role in ultrafiltrate @entity393 . CONCLUSIONS: In addition to renal replacement therapy, serum protein would be cleared through hemofilter during CVVH. @entity1597 and serum protein concentration are the main factors that affect @entity393 in ultrafiltrate. As a result, it is necessary to take account of the @entity393 in ultrafiltrate when setting nutritional schedule.

title: [Protein loss in XXXX @entity1 during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration].

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['protein loss']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['critically ill']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate @entity393 in @entity3124 @entity1 with @entity810 during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) and analysis the major factor impacting protein clearance. METHODS: A analysis was carried out in eighteen (twelve male and six female) @entity295 or severe acute @entity788 @entity1 with @entity810 from September 2008 to September 2009. The average age was 45 years (39 - 62 years). CVVH was conducted for 24 h in all @entity1 . Effluent volume, blood speed, ultrafiltration rate and transmembrane pressure ( @entity1597 ) were 4000 ml/h, (277    89) ml/h, (179    4) ml/min and (173    48) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) respectively. Blood samples were collected before and after filtration in order to detect protein concentration. Ultrafiltrate was obtained hourly to measure protein concentration and calculate @entity393 during session. RESULTS: Mean protein concentration was (231    67) mg/L and @entity393 was (22    6) g/d in ultrafiltrate samples. The difference in serum protein level during hemofiltration was not significant [(56    6) g/L vs. (55    10) g/L, P > 0.05], while there was a weak, but statistically significant correlation between the ultrafiltrate protein concentration and the corresponding value for serum protein (r = 0.481, P < 0.05). However, there was a strong and statistically significant correlation between the ultrafiltrate protein concentration and the @entity1597 (r = 0.564, P < 0.01). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that @entity1597 and serum protein concentration played a pivotal role in ultrafiltrate @entity393 . CONCLUSIONS: In addition to renal replacement therapy, serum protein would be cleared through hemofilter during CVVH. @entity1597 and serum protein concentration are the main factors that affect @entity393 in ultrafiltrate. As a result, it is necessary to take account of the @entity393 in ultrafiltrate when setting nutritional schedule.

title: [Protein loss in @entity3124 XXXX during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3745 (Tg), a biomarker of @entity1496 nutrition, can be measured on dried blood spots (DBS), which simplifies collection and transport in surveys. The World Health Organization recommends DBS-Tg for monitoring @entity1496 status in @entity1 . It could also be a useful @entity1496 biomarker during pregnancy. However, the Tg antibody (Ab) used in earlier DBS-Tg assays is no longer commercially available. The aims of the present study were: (i) to develop a new low-cost serum and DBS-Tg sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for assessment of Tg in population studies; (ii) to check the stability of DBS-Tg during long-term storage; and (iii) to assess within-subject variability in DBS-Tg. METHODS: Serum and DBS samples were measured from healthy pregnant @entity1 (n   =   424) with the new assays, as well as the Immulite 2000 ( @entity5377 ), including TgAb positive (n   =   150) and TgAb negative (n   =   274) @entity1 . DBS-Tg stability was tested over 15 weeks of storage at -20  C. Within-subject variability was evaluated over four weeks in four healthy adults. RESULTS: Intra-assay and interassay variability was 4.4-7.3% and 10.1-12.9% for the new serum Tg assay, and 7.6-12.3% and 7.6-16.5% for the DBS-Tg assay. Correlation between the two serum methods was high (r   =   0.68, p   <   0.01). Assay performance in all @entity1 and those TgAb negative was comparable. Correlation between the new serum Tg assay and the DBS-Tg assay was high (r   =   0.78, p   <   0.01), and agreement expressed as a function of the average Tg concentration for the two methods (X) was 0.59X   -4.59    g/L. DBS-Tg was stable for 15 weeks stored at -20  C. Within-subject variability in DBS-Tg was 21.1%. Reagents and antibodies costs for the new serum and DBS assays are    US 1. CONCLUSIONS: These new low-cost serum and DBS-Tg assays perform well over a wide range of Tg concentrations, and the field-friendly DBS assay may be particularly useful in population studies of @entity1496 nutrition.

title: Development and Validation of a New Low-Cost Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay for Serum and Dried Blood Spot XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children']

answer: @entity3745 :: (7038,Gene) :: ['Thyroglobulin']


abstract: PURPOSE: Pharmacologic conversion of @entity955 and flutter (AF/AFl) is common with dofetilide. We determined whether pharmacologic conversion with dofetilide predicts long-term @entity943 -free survival. METHODS: We retrospectively studied a cohort of 264 consecutive @entity1 who initiated dofetilide during persistent AF/AFl between 2008 and 2013. @entity1 were excluded if dofetilide was discontinued prior to five doses or electrical cardioversion was performed prior to four doses. Incidence of and characteristics associated with pharmacologic conversion were determined. @entity1 were followed for long-term AF/AFl recurrence. Predictors of recurrence were identified using multivariate Cox modeling. RESULTS: Of 205 @entity1 meeting study criteria, 92 (44.9  %) converted to sinus rhythm during dofetilide loading. Female gender, history of AFl, greater number of prior catheter ablations, shorter duration of current AF/AFl, and presentation in AFl were all associated with acute pharmacologic conversion (p   =   0.001, 0.05, 0.001, 0.003, and 0.003, respectively). In multivariate modeling, longer time since first AF/AFl diagnosis (hazard ratio (HR)   =   1.07 per 1-year increase, 95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.10, p   <   0.001), longer duration of current AF/AFl episode (HR   =   1.01 per 1-month increase, 95  % CI 1.00-1.01, p   =   0.003) and greater number of failed antiarrhythmic drugs (HR   =   1.43 per one drug increase, 95  % CI 1.20-1.70, p   <   0.001) were independently associated with shorter time to AF/AFl recurrence. Pharmacologic conversion was not significantly associated with time to AF/AFl recurrence (HR   =   0.79, 95  % CI 0.57-1.10, p   =   0.2). CONCLUSIONS: Acute pharmacologic conversion of persistent AF/AFl to sinus rhythm frequently occurs during dofetilide loading. Nevertheless, acute pharmacologic conversion does not predict long-term @entity943 control, which was moderate at best.

title: Acute conversion of persistent XXXX during dofetilide loading does not predict long-term @entity955 -free survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: PURPOSE: Pharmacologic conversion of @entity955 and flutter (AF/AFl) is common with dofetilide. We determined whether pharmacologic conversion with dofetilide predicts long-term @entity943 -free survival. METHODS: We retrospectively studied a cohort of 264 consecutive @entity1 who initiated dofetilide during persistent AF/AFl between 2008 and 2013. @entity1 were excluded if dofetilide was discontinued prior to five doses or electrical cardioversion was performed prior to four doses. Incidence of and characteristics associated with pharmacologic conversion were determined. @entity1 were followed for long-term AF/AFl recurrence. Predictors of recurrence were identified using multivariate Cox modeling. RESULTS: Of 205 @entity1 meeting study criteria, 92 (44.9  %) converted to sinus rhythm during dofetilide loading. Female gender, history of AFl, greater number of prior catheter ablations, shorter duration of current AF/AFl, and presentation in AFl were all associated with acute pharmacologic conversion (p   =   0.001, 0.05, 0.001, 0.003, and 0.003, respectively). In multivariate modeling, longer time since first AF/AFl diagnosis (hazard ratio (HR)   =   1.07 per 1-year increase, 95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.10, p   <   0.001), longer duration of current AF/AFl episode (HR   =   1.01 per 1-month increase, 95  % CI 1.00-1.01, p   =   0.003) and greater number of failed antiarrhythmic drugs (HR   =   1.43 per one drug increase, 95  % CI 1.20-1.70, p   <   0.001) were independently associated with shorter time to AF/AFl recurrence. Pharmacologic conversion was not significantly associated with time to AF/AFl recurrence (HR   =   0.79, 95  % CI 0.57-1.10, p   =   0.2). CONCLUSIONS: Acute pharmacologic conversion of persistent AF/AFl to sinus rhythm frequently occurs during dofetilide loading. Nevertheless, acute pharmacologic conversion does not predict long-term @entity943 control, which was moderate at best.

title: Acute conversion of persistent @entity955 during dofetilide loading does not predict long-term XXXX -free survival.

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate both functional and morphologic alteration of the retina acutely induced by @entity7044 ( @entity7045 ) in monkeys. METHODS: The @entity7045 was administered intravenously at a single dose of 40 mg/kg to six @entity5434 , and standard full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded 1, 3, and 7 days after dosing. In addition, the rod and cone a-waves in response to high-intensity flashes were analyzed by the a-wave fitting model (a-wave analysis). The photopic negative response (PhNR) was also recorded at the same time points. Furthermore, the retinas of two animals each were examined histopathologically 1, 3, or 7 days after dosing. RESULTS: The @entity7045 attenuated all the standard full-field ERGs including the rod-driven and cone-driven responses; in the combined rod-cone response, the b-wave was more affected than the a-wave. In the a-wave analysis, the sensitivity parameters (S) of the rod and cone a-waves had decreased on the day after dosing and remained unchanged thereafter. The maximum response parameter (Rmax) of the rod a-wave gradually decreased. On the other hand, the Rmax in the cone a-wave transiently increased on the day after dosing and decreased thereafter; the PhNR amplitude showed a similar time course change. Histopathologically, the @entity989 on the day after dosing mainly consisted of pyknosis and karyorrhexis in the photoreceptor nucleus. Depletion of some photoreceptor nuclei, and shortening and disorientation of the photoreceptor segments became prominent at 3 and 7 days after dosing. Localization of degenerated photoreceptors was consistent with that of rhodopsin-positive photoreceptors, resulting in a well-preserved central fovea. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that @entity7045 acutely induced rod-dominant photoreceptor degeneration in monkey retinas, but the photoreceptor function was impaired in both the rods and cones. Functional involvement of the postreceptoral components was also indicated.

title: XXXX -Induced Acute Alteration of Retinal Function and Morphology in Monkeys.

entities_list: @entity7044 :: ('MESH:D008770', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-N-nitrosourea']

entities_list: @entity5434 :: ('9541', 'Species') :: ['cynomolgus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal lesion']

answer: @entity7044 :: (MESH:D008770,Chemical) :: ['N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A financial estimate has been made of the costs of @entity302 in adults. METHODS: A prospective, observational study, over a period of 6 months, on @entity302 @entity1 over 14 years-old. @entity1 with concomitant diseases that could influence the outcome of the @entity302 were excluded. The direct costs included: treatment received, number of visits to neurology, primary care, and @entity341 , number of days admitted to hospital, number and type of diagnostic tests, use of transport to and from hospital, and psychopedagogic and social support due to the @entity302 . The indirect costs were analysed according to, loss of work productivity of the @entity1 , taking into account families where the @entity1 needed supervision due to @entity302 . The total costs were derived from the sum of the direct and indirect costs. The intangible costs were calculated according to QOLIE-10 questionnaire. RESULTS: The mean direct cost per @entity1 was 1,055.2    . The mean indirect financial costs came to 1,528.8     per @entity1 . The total cost associated to @entity302 was a mean of 2,584     for each @entity1 , mainly arising from loss of work days (p<.05). For intangible costs according to the QOLIE-10 scale a mean of 77.8 was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: The greatest percentage of costs associated to @entity302 is due to the work productivity loss by the @entity1 . The costs of @entity6100 in @entity302 lead to a deterioration in the quality of life.

title: Analysis of direct, indirect, and intangible costs of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6100 :: ('OMIM:300082', 'Disease') :: ['psychological and social suffering']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergencies']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity734 has been associated with age of menarche in some studies, but not all, and few have assessed the independent associations of @entity458 with early menarche. We examined the association between childhood abuse and early menarche among pregnant @entity1 in Lima, Peru. METHODS: Multinomial logistic regression procedures were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for early menarche ( <=11  years) in relation to any physical or sexual childhood abuse, physical abuse only, @entity458 , and both physical and @entity458 in a cohort of 1,499 pregnant (first trimester) @entity1 . RESULTS: Approximately 69% of @entity1 reported experiencing physical or @entity458 in childhood. The frequencies of physical abuse only, @entity458 , and both physical and @entity458 were 37.4%, 7.7%, and 24.5%, respectively. Compared with @entity1 who reported no childhood abuse, those who reported any childhood abuse had a 1.38-fold increased odds of early menarche (95% CI, 1.01-1.87). Compared with no abuse, the odds of early menarche was 1.60-fold among @entity1 with childhood @entity458 (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, .93-2.74) and 1.56-fold for those with both physical and @entity458 (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.07-2.25) during childhood. Isolated physical abuse was weakly associated with early menarche (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, .87-1.74). There was no clear evidence of association of childhood abuse with late menarche (>= 15  years). CONCLUSIONS: @entity734 , particularly joint physical and @entity458 , is associated with early menarche. Our findings add to an expanding body of studies documenting the enduring adverse health consequences of childhood abuse.

title: XXXX and early menarche among peruvian @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['Childhood abuse']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse', 'sexual abuse only', 'sexual and physical abuse']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['Childhood abuse']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity734 has been associated with age of menarche in some studies, but not all, and few have assessed the independent associations of @entity458 with early menarche. We examined the association between childhood abuse and early menarche among pregnant @entity1 in Lima, Peru. METHODS: Multinomial logistic regression procedures were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for early menarche ( <=11  years) in relation to any physical or sexual childhood abuse, physical abuse only, @entity458 , and both physical and @entity458 in a cohort of 1,499 pregnant (first trimester) @entity1 . RESULTS: Approximately 69% of @entity1 reported experiencing physical or @entity458 in childhood. The frequencies of physical abuse only, @entity458 , and both physical and @entity458 were 37.4%, 7.7%, and 24.5%, respectively. Compared with @entity1 who reported no childhood abuse, those who reported any childhood abuse had a 1.38-fold increased odds of early menarche (95% CI, 1.01-1.87). Compared with no abuse, the odds of early menarche was 1.60-fold among @entity1 with childhood @entity458 (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, .93-2.74) and 1.56-fold for those with both physical and @entity458 (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.07-2.25) during childhood. Isolated physical abuse was weakly associated with early menarche (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, .87-1.74). There was no clear evidence of association of childhood abuse with late menarche (>= 15  years). CONCLUSIONS: @entity734 , particularly joint physical and @entity458 , is associated with early menarche. Our findings add to an expanding body of studies documenting the enduring adverse health consequences of childhood abuse.

title: @entity734 and early menarche among peruvian XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The treatment of @entity320 in situ (MIS) is controversial with current standard of care being surgical excision with clear margins. Alternative topical therapy with imiquimod has been proposed in recent studies as a possible treatment for MIS. This study aimed to evaluate the use of topical 5% imiquimod as an alternative approach for the treatment of @entity320 in situ after surgical resection of the @entity75 . A retrospective chart review of all @entity1 treated with topical 5% imiquimod for residual MIS following standard resection with 5-10  mm margins at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 2008 through 2013 was performed. The pre- and posttreatment results were confirmed by diagnostic tissue biopsy. Twenty-two @entity1 were included in the study. One of these 22 @entity1 was lost to follow up. Twenty @entity1 (95%) had complete resolution of their residual MIS and 1 @entity1 did not respond to imiquimod (5%). No reports of recurrences were noted at the treatment sites. For @entity1 with @entity320 in situ after the initial excision, topical 5% imiquimod appears to be a reasonable alternative treatment with good clinical and histopathologic success rates.

title: Using topical imiquimod for the management of positive in situ margins after XXXX resection.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'residual melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the frequency, pattern and management of acute abdomen in @entity1 with @entity779 . METHODS: This descriptive case series is a prospective analysis of acute abdomen in @entity779 that was performed at three secondary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan from June 1, 2005 to December 31, 2008. The inclusion criterion was all @entity1 with confirmed diagnosis of @entity779 . @entity1 with incomplete laboratory, ultrasound or histopathology data were excluded. RESULTS: Among 357 @entity1 with @entity779 , 43 (12.04%) had acute abdomen. There were 15 @entity1 and 28 @entity1 , with a median age of 29 years. These included 26 cases of acute @entity2679 , 7 cases of @entity697 , 7 cases of nonspecific @entity298 , and 3 cases of acute @entity788 . @entity7643 was found in acute @entity788 , and two of these @entity1 died. Emergency surgery was required in eight @entity1 (5 appendectomy and 3 open cholecystectomy). Substantial transfusion of blood and its components was required in eight @entity1 who underwent emergency surgery. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis and prompt conservative management of dengue acute abdomen is necessary to avoid mortality and emergency surgery-related morbidity. However, if needed, surgery can be performed with acceptable morbidity.

title: Frequency, pattern and management of acute abdomen in XXXX in Karachi, Pakistan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity7643 :: ('MESH:D019595', 'Disease') :: ['Dengue hemorrhagic fever/shock syndrome']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['dengue fever']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity779 :: (MESH:D003715,Disease) :: ['dengue fever']


abstract: PURPOSE: Black @entity1 with @entity6 are at greater risk of underuse of antidepressants even when they have equal access to health insurance. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of removing a significant financial barrier to prescription medications (drug caps) on existing black-white disparities in antidepressant treatment rates among @entity1 with @entity308 . METHODS: We used an interrupted time series with comparison series design and a 5% representative sample of all fee-for-service Medicare and Medicaid dual enrollees to evaluate the removal of drug caps on monthly antidepressant treatment rates. We evaluated the impact of drug cap removal on racial gaps in treatment by modeling the month-to-month white-black difference in use within age strata (younger than 65 years of age or 65 years of age or older). We compared adult dual enrollees with @entity308 living in states with strict drug caps (n = 221) and those without drug caps (n = 1133) before the policy change. Our primary outcome measures were the proportion of @entity1 with any antidepressant use per month and the mean standardized monthly doses (SMDs) of antidepressants per month. FINDINGS: The removal of drug caps in strict drug cap states was associated with a sudden increase in the proportion of @entity1 treated for @entity308 (4 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.03-0.05, P < 0.0001) and in the intensity of antidepressant use (SMD: 0.05; 95% CI, 0.03-0.07, P < 0.001). Although antidepressant treatment rates increased for both @entity62 @entity1 , the white-black treatment gap increased immediately after Part D (0.04 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.01-0.08) and grew over time (0.04 percentage points per month; 95% CI, 0.002-0.01; P < 0.001). IMPLICATIONS: Policies that remove financial barriers to medications may increase @entity308 treatment rates among @entity1 with @entity6 overall while exacerbating treatment disparities. Tailored outreach may be needed to address nonfinancial barriers to mental health services use among black @entity1 with @entity6 .

title: Effects of Eliminating Drug Caps on Racial Differences in Antidepressant Use Among Dual Enrollees With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white and black']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes and comorbid depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Diabetes and Depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The incidence of @entity957 ( @entity6461 ) is rapidly increasing in white populations, causing high morbidity and health-care costs. Few studies, however, have described the trends for @entity6461 , as population-based data with a long follow-up are limited. In Norway we have this opportunity and we aimed to describe @entity6461 incidence, mortality and survival rates, according to sex, age, stage, primary anatomical location, and geographical region, for the period 1963-2011, for estimation of future health-care needs. Data were retrieved from the Cancer Registry of Norway. Age-adjusted @entity6461 incidence and mortality rates and 5-year relative survival (in percent) were calculated for 5-year calendar periods. A joinpoint regression model identified the annual percentage change (APC) in rates over the 50-year period. The age-adjusted incidence rate increased ninefold in females and sixfold in males from 1963 to 2011, with @entity11527 of 5.6% (95% confidence interval, CI 4.5, 7.3) and 3.3% (95% CI 1.3, 5.3) in females and males, respectively. @entity6461 incidence rose in all age groups, anatomical locations (except ears in females), and geographical regions, though restricted to localized @entity5 . Most striking increase was seen in the age group 70-79, in face and head locations and among residents in southern Norway. @entity6461 mortality and survival rates remained relatively stable. Our findings underline an increasing need for @entity6461 treatment in Norway, especially considering the aging population. The findings also call for the creation of particular guidelines for primary prevention of @entity6461 .

title: XXXX in norway 1963-2011: increasing incidence and stable mortality.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of reducing sitting time in @entity64 survivors. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial with attention-matched controls and blinded assessments. SETTING: Community. @entity1 : @entity64 survivors (N=35; 22 @entity1 ; mean age, 66.9  12.7y). INTERVENTIONS: Four counseling sessions over 7 weeks with a message of sit less and move more (intervention group) or @entity460 for bone health (attention-matched control group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Measures included safety (adverse events, increases in @entity158 , @entity508 , or fatigue) and feasibility (adherence to trial protocol). Secondary measures included time spent sitting (including in prolonged bouts >= 30min), standing, and stepping as measured by the thigh-worn inclinometer (7d, 24h/d protocol) and time spent in physical activity of at least moderate intensity as measured by a triaxial accelerometer. The Multimedia Activity Recall for @entity1 and Adults was used to describe changes in use of time. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 completed the full protocol. Four @entity1 reported falls during the intervention period with no other adverse events. From a baseline average of 640.7  99.6min/d, daily sitting time reduced on average by 30  50.6min/d (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.8-54.6) in the intervention group and 40.4  92.5min/d in the control group (95% CI, 13.0-93.8). @entity1 in both groups also reduced their time spent in prolonged sitting bouts (>= 30min) and increased time spent standing and stepping. CONCLUSIONS: Our protocol was both safe and feasible. @entity1 in both groups spent less time sitting and more time standing and stepping postintervention, but outcomes were not superior for intervention @entity1 . Attention matching is desirable in clinical trials and may have contributed to the positive outcomes for control @entity1 .

title: Reducing Sitting Time After XXXX : A Phase II Safety and Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Children', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Despite the obvious progress in modern neurosurgery, surgery for @entity1313 is often associated with a high risk of postoperative @entity51 , which is primarily caused by damage to perforating arteries of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery. AIM: The work is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of high resolution time-of-flight (3D- @entity215 ) MR angiography in imaging of medial and lateral lenticulostriate arteries and determining their relationship to @entity5 edge in @entity1 with @entity11 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: 3D- @entity215 MR angiography data were analyzed in 20 @entity1 with primarily diagnosed @entity13 involving the insula. All @entity1 underwent non-contrast enhanced 3D- @entity215 MR angiography. In 6 cases, 3D- @entity215 MRA was performed before and after contrast enhancement. RESULTS: 3D- @entity215 angiography before intravenous contrast injection was capable of visualizing the medial lenticulostriate arteries in 19 @entity1 (95% of all cases) and lateral lenticulostriate arteries in 18 @entity1 (90% of all cases). Contrast-enhanced 3D- @entity215 angiography allows for better visualization of both the proximal and distal segments of lenticulostriate arteries. Three variants of relationship between the @entity5 and lenticulostriate arteries were identified. Variant I: the @entity5 grew over the arteries without their displacement in 2 cases (10% of the total number of observations); variant II: the @entity5 caused medial displacement of arteries without growing over them in 11 cases (55% of the total number of observations); variant III: the @entity5 partially grew over and displaced arteries in 2 cases (10%). In 25% of cases (5 @entity1 ), @entity5 was poorly visualized on 3D- @entity215 MR angiograms because their signal characteristics did not differ from those of the medulla ( @entity5 tissue was T1 isointense). As a result, it was impossible to determine the relationship between the @entity5 and lenticulostriate arteries. CONCLUSION: High spatial resolution time-of-flight MR angiography can be recommended for preoperative imaging of lenticulostriate arteries to plan the extent of neurosurgical resection in @entity1 with @entity1313 .

title: [3D- XXXX MR-angiography with high spatial resolution for surgical @entity13 ].

entities_list: @entity13 :: ('MESH:C564230', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['glial tumors of the insular lobe']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas of the insula']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

answer: @entity215 :: (MESH:D013771,Disease) :: ['TOF']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Despite the obvious progress in modern neurosurgery, surgery for @entity1313 is often associated with a high risk of postoperative @entity51 , which is primarily caused by damage to perforating arteries of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery. AIM: The work is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of high resolution time-of-flight (3D- @entity215 ) MR angiography in imaging of medial and lateral lenticulostriate arteries and determining their relationship to @entity5 edge in @entity1 with @entity11 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: 3D- @entity215 MR angiography data were analyzed in 20 @entity1 with primarily diagnosed @entity13 involving the insula. All @entity1 underwent non-contrast enhanced 3D- @entity215 MR angiography. In 6 cases, 3D- @entity215 MRA was performed before and after contrast enhancement. RESULTS: 3D- @entity215 angiography before intravenous contrast injection was capable of visualizing the medial lenticulostriate arteries in 19 @entity1 (95% of all cases) and lateral lenticulostriate arteries in 18 @entity1 (90% of all cases). Contrast-enhanced 3D- @entity215 angiography allows for better visualization of both the proximal and distal segments of lenticulostriate arteries. Three variants of relationship between the @entity5 and lenticulostriate arteries were identified. Variant I: the @entity5 grew over the arteries without their displacement in 2 cases (10% of the total number of observations); variant II: the @entity5 caused medial displacement of arteries without growing over them in 11 cases (55% of the total number of observations); variant III: the @entity5 partially grew over and displaced arteries in 2 cases (10%). In 25% of cases (5 @entity1 ), @entity5 was poorly visualized on 3D- @entity215 MR angiograms because their signal characteristics did not differ from those of the medulla ( @entity5 tissue was T1 isointense). As a result, it was impossible to determine the relationship between the @entity5 and lenticulostriate arteries. CONCLUSION: High spatial resolution time-of-flight MR angiography can be recommended for preoperative imaging of lenticulostriate arteries to plan the extent of neurosurgical resection in @entity1 with @entity1313 .

title: [3D- @entity215 MR-angiography with high spatial resolution for surgical XXXX ].

answer: @entity13 :: (MESH:C564230,Disease) :: ['planning in insular lobe gliomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: Artifacts impacting the imaged @entity5 volume can be seen in conventional three-dimensional CT (3DCT) scans for planning of @entity2 radiotherapy but can be reduced with the use of respiration-correlated imaging, i.e., 4DCT or breathhold CT (BHCT) scans. The aim of this study was to compare delineated gross @entity5 volume (GTV) sizes in 3DCT, 4DCT, and BHCT scans of @entity1 with @entity2 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 36 @entity1 with 46 @entity5 referred for stereotactic radiotherapy of @entity2 were included. All @entity1 underwent positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, 4DCT, and BHCT scans. GTVs in all CT scans of individual @entity1 were delineated during one session by a single physician to minimize systematic delineation uncertainty. The GTV size from the BHCT was considered the closest to true @entity5 volume and was chosen as the reference. The reference GTV size was compared to GTV sizes in 3DCT, at midventilation (MidV), at end-inspiration (Insp), and at end-expiration (Exp) bins from the 4DCT scan. RESULTS: The median BHCT GTV size was 4.9 cm(3) (0.1-53.3 cm(3)). Median deviation between 3DCT and BHCT GTV size was 0.3 cm(3) (-3.3 to 30.0 cm(3)), between MidV and BHCT size was 0.2 cm(3) (-5.7 to 19.7 cm(3)), between Insp and BHCT size was 0.3 cm(3) (-4.7 to 24.8 cm(3)), and between Exp and BHCT size was 0.3 cm(3) (-4.8 to 25.5 cm(3)). The 3DCT, MidV, Insp, and Exp median GTV sizes were all significantly larger than the BHCT median GTV size. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the choice of CT method significantly influenced the delineated GTV size, on average, leading to an increase in GTV size compared to the reference BHCT. The uncertainty caused by artifacts is estimated to be in the same magnitude as delineation uncertainty and should be considered in the design of margins for radiotherapy.

title: Artifacts in conventional computed tomography (CT) and free breathing four-dimensional CT induce uncertainty in gross XXXX volume determination.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors', 'lung cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: This is a retrospective study comparing our experience with @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy boost for @entity263 , using two different fractionation schemes, 600 cGy   3 fractions ( @entity1 group 1) and 950 cGy   2 fractions ( @entity1 group 2). METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 165 @entity1 were treated for @entity263 using external beam radiation therapy up to a dose of 45 Gy, followed by an @entity1168 brachytherapy prostate radiation boost. Between July 1997 and Nov 1999, 64 @entity1 were treated with an @entity1168 boost of 600 cGy   3 fractions; and between June 2000 and Nov 2005, 101 @entity1 were treated with an @entity1168 boost of 950 cGy   2 fractions. All but 9 @entity1 had at least one of the following risk features: pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level >10, a Gleason score >= 7, and/or clinical stage T3 disease. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 105 months for group 1 and 43 months for group 2. @entity1 in group 2 had a greater number of high-risk features than group 1 (p = 0.02). Adjusted for comparable follow-up, there was no difference in biochemical no-evidence-of-disease (bNED) rate between the two fractionation scheme approaches, with 5-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of 93.5% in group 1 and 87.3% in group 2 (p = 0.19). The 5-year estimates of progression-free survival were 86% for group 1 and 83% for group 2 (p = 0.53). Among high-risk @entity1 , there were no differences in bNED or PFS rate due to fractionation. CONCLUSIONS: Results were excellent for both groups. Adjusted for comparable follow-up, no differences were found between groups.

title: High-dose-rate brachytherapy boost for XXXX : comparison of two different fractionation schemes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['HDR', 'high-dose-rate']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors review the literature on two dramatic @entity5539 of reproduction and offer a potential classification of pregnancy denial. METHOD: Information on false and denied pregnancies is summarized by comparing the descriptions, differential diagnoses, epidemiology, @entity1 characteristics, psychological factors, abdominal tone, and neuroendocrinology. Pregnancy denial's association with neonaticide is reviewed. RESULTS: False and denied pregnancies have fooled @entity1 , families, and doctors for centuries as the body obscures her true condition. Improvements in pregnancy testing have decreased reports of false pregnancy. However, recent data suggests 1/475 pregnancies are denied to 20 weeks, and 1/2455 may go undiagnosed to delivery. Factors that may contribute to the unconscious deception include @entity15342 , persistent corpus luteum function, and reduced availability of biogenic @entity4478 in false pregnancy, and posture, fetal position, and corpus luteum insufficiency in denied pregnancy. For each condition, there are multiple reports in which the body reveals her true pregnancy status as soon as the @entity1 is convinced of her diagnosis. Forensic literature on denied pregnancy focused on the @entity1 's rejection of motherhood, while psychiatric studies have revealed that @entity130 and dissociation drive her denial. CONCLUSIONS: False pregnancy has firm grounding as a classic @entity5539 . Pregnancy denial's association with neonaticide has led to misleading forensic data, which obscures the central role of @entity130 and dissociation. A reappraisal of pregnancy denial confirms it as the somatic inverse of false pregnancy. With that perspective, clinicians can help @entity1 understand their pregnancy status to avoid unexpected deliveries with tragic outcomes.

title: XXXX of Gravida Status: False and Denied Pregnancies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity15342 :: ('MESH:D011535', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal muscle tone']

entities_list: @entity5539 :: ('MESH:D011602', 'Disease') :: ['psychosomatic disorders', 'psychosomatic disorder']

answer: @entity5539 :: (MESH:D011602,Disease) :: ['Psychosomatic Disorders']


abstract: AIM: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of treatment of @entity1 with large and @entity438 using flow-diverting stents (FDSs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The treatment outcomes of 210 @entity1 with large and @entity438 were analyzed. The study included @entity1 with both asymptomatic and symptomatic @entity439 (manifested by SAH or pseudotumorous course). The rate of @entity439 was 62.3%. RESULTS: The technical success rate was 96%. In the perioperative period, the rate of clinically significant complications was 2.8%; the postoperative mortality was 3.3%. In the long-term period, total @entity715 of the @entity439 was observed in the majority of cases (80%) in the period from 4 to 12 months. Complete regression of clinical symptoms was observed in 26% of the cases, partial regression in 35%, and deterioration in 6% (of them, 4.9% of the cases were clinically significant). The long-term mortality was 2.5%. CONCLUSION: FDS is a highly efficient device for remodeling of the arterial lumen at the level of large, giant and fusiform @entity438 that significantly reduces the number of deconstructive operations and decreases the risk of @entity63 complications of endovascular treatment for this complex vascular pathology.

title: [Endovascular treatment of large and XXXX using flow-diverting stents].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'giant aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms', 'giant cerebral arterial aneurysms', 'giant intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['giant intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: As newer MR imaging techniques are used to assist with @entity5 grading, biopsy planning, and therapeutic response assessment, there is a need to relate the imaging characteristics to underlying pathologic processes. The aim of this study was to see how rCBV, a known marker of @entity5 vascularity, relates to cellular packing attenuation and cellular proliferation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine @entity1 with histologically proved high-grade @entity11 and 1 with a supratentorial PNET requiring an image-guided biopsy were recruited. @entity1 underwent a DSC study. The rCBV at the intended biopsy sites was determined by using a histogram measure to derive the mean, maximum, and 75th centile and 90th centile values. This measure was correlated with histologic markers of the @entity1758 labeling index (as a marker of @entity11 cell proliferation) and the total number of neoplastic cells in a high-power field (cellular packing attenuation). RESULTS: There was a good correlation between rCBV and @entity1758 by using all the measures of rCBV. The mean rCBV provided the best results (r = 0.66, P < .001). The only correlation with cellular packing attenuation was with the 90% centile (rCBV(90%), r = 0.36, P = .03). The increase in rCBV could be seen over 1 cm from the edge of enhancement in 4/10 cases, and at 2 cm in 1/10. CONCLUSIONS: rCBV correlated with cellular proliferation in high-grade @entity11 but not with cellular packing attenuation. The increase in rCBV extended beyond the contrast-enhancing region in 50% of our @entity1 .

title: Correlation of MR relative cerebral blood volume measurements with cellular density and proliferation in high-grade XXXX : an image-guided biopsy study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to analyze the retrospective experience related to the indication, complication and outcome of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) in @entity1737 ( @entity1737 ). It is a well known @entity792 characterized by antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor (anti-ACHR) on the post synaptic surface of the motor end plate. Plasma exchange is the therapeutic modality well established in @entity1737 with a positive recommendation based on strong consensus of class III evidence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 35 @entity1 of @entity1737 were submitted to a total of 41 cycles and 171 session of TPE. It was performed using a single volume plasma exchange with intermittent cell separator (Hemonetics) by Femoral or central line access and schedule preferably on alternate day interval. Immediate outcome was assessed shortly after each session and overall outcome at discharge. RESULTS: Total of 110 @entity1 of @entity1737 who were admitted to our hospital during the study period of two years. 35 (31.8%) @entity1 had TPE performed with mean age of 32 years (M:F = 2:1). The mean number of TPE session was 4.2 (SD  1.2), volume exchange was 2215 ml (SD  435); overall incidence of adverse reaction was 21.7%. All @entity1 had immediate benefits of each TPE cycle. Good acceptance of procedure was observed in 78.3% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: TPE may be considered as one of the treatment options especially in developing countries like ours as it is relatively less costly but as effective for @entity3935 as other modalities.

title: Therapeutic plasma exchange in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1737 :: ('MESH:D009157', 'Disease') :: ['MG', 'Myasthenia gravis']

entities_list: @entity3935 :: ('MESH:D013958', 'Disease') :: ['myasthenic crisis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity1737 :: (MESH:D009157,Disease) :: ['myasthenia gravis']


abstract: AIM: To determine the laryngeal H+ @entity3529 -ATPase and pharyngeal pH in @entity1 with @entity8823 ( @entity8823 )-symptoms as well as to assess the symptom scores during PPI therapy. METHODS: Endoscopy was performed to exclude @entity5 and to collect biopsies from the posterior cricoid area (immunohistochemistry and PCR analysis). Immunohistochemical staining was performed with monoclonal mouse antibodies against @entity1 H+ @entity3529 -ATPase. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR for each of the H+ @entity3529 -ATPase subunits was performed. The pH values were assessed in the aerosolized environment of the oropharynx (DxpH Catheter) and compared to a subsequently applied combined pH/MII measurement. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 with @entity8823 symptoms were included. In only one @entity1 , the laryngeal H+ @entity3529 -ATPase was verified by immunohistochemical staining. In another @entity1 , real-time RT-PCR for each H+ @entity3529 -ATPase subunit was positive. Fourteen out of twenty @entity1 had pathological results in DxpH, and 6/20 @entity1 had pathological results in pH/MII. Four @entity1 had pathological results in both functional tests. Nine out of twenty @entity1 responded to PPIs. CONCLUSION: The laryngeal H+ @entity3529 -ATPase can only be sporadically detected in @entity1 with @entity8823 symptoms and is unlikely to cause the @entity8823 symptoms. Alternative hypotheses for the pathomechanism are needed. The role of pharyngeal pH-metry remains unclear and its use can only be recommended for @entity1 in a research study setting.

title: New aspects in the pathomechanism and diagnosis of the XXXX -clinical impact of laryngeal proton pumps and pharyngeal pH metry in extraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8823 :: ('MESH:D057045', 'Disease') :: ['LPR', 'laryngopharyngeal reflux']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

answer: @entity8823 :: (MESH:D057045,Disease) :: ['laryngopharyngeal reflux']


abstract: @entity3909 occurs very rarely in @entity1 with @entity788 . @entity3909 is characterized by multifocal seeding of the leptomeninges by malignant cells that originate from a solid @entity5 . To the best of our knowledge, brain @entity3 from @entity788 is extremely rare. @entity3909 is estimated to occur in 3% to 8% of cases of solid @entity5 . The clinical manifestation usually involves @entity16 , including @entity1296 , @entity10 , @entity391 , @entity390 , and @entity1269 , symptoms similar to those of @entity693 or @entity1313 . Diagnostic methods for @entity3909 include brain magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid examination. Here, we describe a case of @entity3909 in which the @entity5 was later determined to be @entity788 . Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings showed mild enhancement of the leptomeninges, and cerebrospinal fluid cytology was negative at first. However, after repeated spinal taps, atypical cells were observed on cerebrospinal fluid analysis and levels of @entity5 markers such as @entity1735 antigen 19-9 in cerebrospinal fluid were elevated. Abdominal computed tomography, performed to determine the presence of @entity5 , revealed @entity788 . @entity788 was confirmed histopathologically on examination of an endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration specimen.

title: Rare case of XXXX with @entity3909 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'extracerebral tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity3909 :: ('MESH:D055756', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal carcinomatosis', 'Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: @entity3909 occurs very rarely in @entity1 with @entity788 . @entity3909 is characterized by multifocal seeding of the leptomeninges by malignant cells that originate from a solid @entity5 . To the best of our knowledge, brain @entity3 from @entity788 is extremely rare. @entity3909 is estimated to occur in 3% to 8% of cases of solid @entity5 . The clinical manifestation usually involves @entity16 , including @entity1296 , @entity10 , @entity391 , @entity390 , and @entity1269 , symptoms similar to those of @entity693 or @entity1313 . Diagnostic methods for @entity3909 include brain magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid examination. Here, we describe a case of @entity3909 in which the @entity5 was later determined to be @entity788 . Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings showed mild enhancement of the leptomeninges, and cerebrospinal fluid cytology was negative at first. However, after repeated spinal taps, atypical cells were observed on cerebrospinal fluid analysis and levels of @entity5 markers such as @entity1735 antigen 19-9 in cerebrospinal fluid were elevated. Abdominal computed tomography, performed to determine the presence of @entity5 , revealed @entity788 . @entity788 was confirmed histopathologically on examination of an endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration specimen.

title: Rare case of @entity788 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity3909 :: (MESH:D055756,Disease) :: ['leptomeningeal carcinomatosis']


abstract: Pomegranate @entity6398 are potent antioxidants and chemopreventive agents but have low bioavailability and a short half-life. For example, @entity14956 (PU), the major @entity3978 in pomegranates, is not absorbed in its intact form but is hydrolyzed to @entity13983 (EA) moieties and rapidly metabolized into short-lived metabolites of EA. We hypothesized that encapsulation of pomegranate @entity6398 into biodegradable sustained release nanoparticles (NPs) may circumvent these limitations. We describe here the development, characterization, and bioactivity assessment of novel formulations of @entity7050 - @entity968 ( @entity7050 - @entity970 ) NPs loaded with pomegranate extract (PE) or individual @entity6398 such as PU or EA. Monodispersed, spherical 150-200 nm average diameter NPs were prepared by the double emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Uptake of @entity21112 -labeled NPs was evaluated in MCF-7 @entity0 cells over a 24-hour time course. Confocal fluorescent microscopy revealed that @entity7050 - @entity970 NPs were efficiently taken up, and the uptake reached the maximum at 24 hours. In addition, we examined the antiproliferative effects of PE-, PU-, and/or EA-loaded NPs in MCF-7 and Hs578T @entity0 cells. We found that PE, PU, and EA nanoprototypes had a 2- to 12-fold enhanced effect on cell growth inhibition compared to their free counterparts, while void NPs did not affect cell growth. PU-NPs were the most potent nanoprototype of pomegranates. Thus, PU may be the @entity3978 of choice for further chemoprevention studies with pomegranate nanoprototypes. These data demonstrate that nanotechnology-enabled delivery of pomegranate @entity6398 enhances their anticancer effects in @entity0 cells. Thus, pomegranate @entity6398 are promising agents for nanochemoprevention of @entity0 .

title: Nanoencapsulation of pomegranate bioactive compounds for XXXX chemoprevention.

entities_list: @entity3978 :: ('CHEBI:26195', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenol']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity14956 :: ('MESH:C115642', 'Chemical') :: ['punicalagin']

entities_list: @entity7050 :: ('MESH:C043435', 'Chemical') :: ['PLGA', 'poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)']

entities_list: @entity6398 :: ('MESH:D059808', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenols']

entities_list: @entity13983 :: ('MESH:D004610', 'Chemical') :: ['ellagic acid']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(ethylene glycol)']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increased survival after a severe Acquired @entity1545 (sABI) raise the problem of making most effective the treatments in @entity1213 ( @entity1213 )/NeuroIntensive Care Unit (NICU), also integrating rehabilitation care. Despite previous studies reported that early mobilization in @entity1213 was effective in preventing complications and reducing hospital stay, few studies addressed the rehabilitative management of sABI @entity1 in @entity1213 /NICU. AIM: To collect clinical and functional data about the early rehabilitative management of sABI @entity1 during @entity1213 /NICU stay. DESIGN: Prospective, observational, multi-centre study. SETTING: Fourteen facilities supplied by intensive neurorehabilitation units and @entity1213 /NICUs. POPULATION: consecutive sABI @entity1 admitted to @entity1213 /NICU. METHODS: @entity1 were evaluated at admission and then every 3-5 days. Clinical, functional and rehabilitative data, including Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS), Disability Rating Scale (DRS), The Rancho Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning Scale (LCF), Early Rehabilitation Barthel Index (ERBI), Glasgow Outcome scale (GOS) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) were collected. RESULTS: 102 @entity1 (44F/58M) were enrolled. The mean duration of @entity1213 stay was 24.7    13.9 days and the first rehabilitative evaluation occurred after 8.7    8.8 days. Regular postural changes and multijoint mobilization were prescribed in 63.7% and 64.7%. cases respectively. The mean session duration was 38    11.5 minutes. Swallowing evaluation was performed in 14.7% @entity1 , psychological support was provided to 12.7% of @entity1 ' caregivers, while 17.6% received a psycho- educational intervention, and 28.4% were involved in interdisciplinary team meetings. The main discharge destinations were Severe Acquired @entity1545 rehabilitation units for 43.7%, intensive neurorehabilitation units for 20.7%. CONCLUSION: Data showed that early rehabilitation was not diffusely performed in sABI subjects in @entity1213 /NICU and rehabilitative interventions were variable; one third of subjects was not referred to dedicated rehabilitation unit at discharge. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: The study stresses the need to spread and implement a rehabilitative culture also for critical ill @entity1 due to @entity16 .

title: Early rehabilitation for severe acquired XXXX in intensive care unit: multicenter observational study.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['Brain Injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological diseases']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['Intensive Care Unit', 'ICU']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) accounts for ~80% of all cases of @entity2 , and is the leading cause of @entity5 -related mortality worldwide. The majority of @entity1149 cases of are diagnosed at an advanced stage. The outcome of @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 is poor with a median survival time of ~12 months in European and American populations. @entity1071 ( @entity1071 ) represent a heterogeneous group of expanding lymphoid cells, which occurs as a result of @entity1200 . @entity1071 are often associated with primary solid @entity5 . We report two cases of LPD diagnosed concurrently and successively to @entity1149 . The first case presents a 65-year-old female @entity1 with @entity5 , according to the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer TNM staging system. The @entity1 developed a concurrent @entity706 and was treated with first-line therapy including six cycles of @entity136 and @entity900 , however, the @entity1 experienced an adverse drug reaction to bevacizumab, which was administered after @entity136 and prior to @entity900 . The second case presented a 74-year-old male @entity1 diagnosed with large @entity1892 . The @entity1 acheived remission of the illness, however, after one year the @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity1544 . After three years, the @entity1 underwent surgery, however disease recurrence was identified. Subsequently, the @entity1 was treated with sterotactic radiotherapy and oral chemotherapy. A review of the associated literature was also conducted.

title: XXXX and concurrent or sequential @entity706 : Two case reports with hypersensitivity to bevacizumab and a review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphoproliferative disorders', 'LPDs']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['advanced IV stage lung cancer', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'Non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immune dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) accounts for ~80% of all cases of @entity2 , and is the leading cause of @entity5 -related mortality worldwide. The majority of @entity1149 cases of are diagnosed at an advanced stage. The outcome of @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 is poor with a median survival time of ~12 months in European and American populations. @entity1071 ( @entity1071 ) represent a heterogeneous group of expanding lymphoid cells, which occurs as a result of @entity1200 . @entity1071 are often associated with primary solid @entity5 . We report two cases of LPD diagnosed concurrently and successively to @entity1149 . The first case presents a 65-year-old female @entity1 with @entity5 , according to the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer TNM staging system. The @entity1 developed a concurrent @entity706 and was treated with first-line therapy including six cycles of @entity136 and @entity900 , however, the @entity1 experienced an adverse drug reaction to bevacizumab, which was administered after @entity136 and prior to @entity900 . The second case presented a 74-year-old male @entity1 diagnosed with large @entity1892 . The @entity1 acheived remission of the illness, however, after one year the @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity1544 . After three years, the @entity1 underwent surgery, however disease recurrence was identified. Subsequently, the @entity1 was treated with sterotactic radiotherapy and oral chemotherapy. A review of the associated literature was also conducted.

title: @entity2 and concurrent or sequential XXXX : Two case reports with hypersensitivity to bevacizumab and a review of the literature.

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6-Deoxy-6-[(18)F]fluoro-D-fructose (6-[(18)F]FDF) is a promising PET radiotracer for imaging @entity42436 in @entity0 . The present work describes GMP synthesis of 6-[(18)F]FDF in an automated synthesis unit (ASU) and dosimetry calculations to determine radiation doses in @entity1 . GMP synthesis and dosimetry calculations are important prerequisites for first-in- @entity1 clinical studies of 6-[(18)F]FDF. The radiochemical synthesis of 6-[(18)F]FDF was optimized and adapted to an automated synthesis process using a Tracerlab FXFN ASU (GE Healthcare). Starting from 30 GBq of cyclotron-produced n.c.a. [(18)F]fluoride, 2.9    0.1 GBq of 6-[(18)F]FDF could be prepared within 50 min including HPLC purification resulting in an overall decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 14    3% (n = 11). Radiochemical purity exceeded 95%, and the specific activity was greater than 5.1 GBq/ mol. @entity35 were used for biodistribution experiments, and dynamic and static small animal PET experiments. Biodistribution studies served as basis for allometric extrapolation to the standard @entity1 anatomic model and normal organ-absorbed dose calculations using OLINDA/EXM software. The calculated @entity1 effective dose for 6-[(18)F]FDF was 0.0089 @entity2073 /MBq. Highest organ doses with a dose equivalent of 0.0315 @entity2073 /MBq in a @entity1 were found in bone. Injection of 370 MBq (10 mCi) of 6-[(18)F]FDF results in an effective whole body radiation dose of 3.3 @entity2073 in @entity1 , a value comparable to that of other (18)F-labeled PET radiopharmaceuticals. The optimized automated synthesis under GMP conditions, the good radiochemical yield and the favorable @entity1 radiation dosimetry estimates support application of 6-[(18)F]FDF in clinical trials for molecular imaging of @entity42436 in @entity0 @entity1 .[This corrects the article on p. 248 in vol. 4.].

title: Erratum: Automated synthesis and dosimetry of 6-deoxy-6-[(18)F]fluoro-D-fructose (6-[(18)F]FDF): a radiotracer for imaging of @entity42436 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6-Deoxy-6-[(18)F]fluoro-D-fructose (6-[(18)F]FDF) is a promising PET radiotracer for imaging @entity42436 in @entity0 . The present work describes GMP synthesis of 6-[(18)F]FDF in an automated synthesis unit (ASU) and dosimetry calculations to determine radiation doses in @entity1 . GMP synthesis and dosimetry calculations are important prerequisites for first-in- @entity1 clinical studies of 6-[(18)F]FDF. The radiochemical synthesis of 6-[(18)F]FDF was optimized and adapted to an automated synthesis process using a Tracerlab FXFN ASU (GE Healthcare). Starting from 30 GBq of cyclotron-produced n.c.a. [(18)F]fluoride, 2.9    0.1 GBq of 6-[(18)F]FDF could be prepared within 50 min including HPLC purification resulting in an overall decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 14    3% (n = 11). Radiochemical purity exceeded 95%, and the specific activity was greater than 5.1 GBq/ mol. @entity35 were used for biodistribution experiments, and dynamic and static small animal PET experiments. Biodistribution studies served as basis for allometric extrapolation to the standard @entity1 anatomic model and normal organ-absorbed dose calculations using OLINDA/EXM software. The calculated @entity1 effective dose for 6-[(18)F]FDF was 0.0089 @entity2073 /MBq. Highest organ doses with a dose equivalent of 0.0315 @entity2073 /MBq in a @entity1 were found in bone. Injection of 370 MBq (10 mCi) of 6-[(18)F]FDF results in an effective whole body radiation dose of 3.3 @entity2073 in @entity1 , a value comparable to that of other (18)F-labeled PET radiopharmaceuticals. The optimized automated synthesis under GMP conditions, the good radiochemical yield and the favorable @entity1 radiation dosimetry estimates support application of 6-[(18)F]FDF in clinical trials for molecular imaging of @entity42436 in @entity0 @entity1 .[This corrects the article on p. 248 in vol. 4.].

title: Erratum: Automated synthesis and dosimetry of 6-deoxy-6-[(18)F]fluoro-D-fructose (6-[(18)F]FDF): a radiotracer for imaging of XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity42436 :: (6518,Gene) :: ['GLUT5']


abstract: A body plethysmograph was used to measure pulmonary mechanics in six subjects with @entity1030 during steady states at rest and during exercise at 200 and 400 kpm . @entity1009 . The mean forced expired volume in 1 s was 1.32 liters (39.2% predicted). The flow rates during tidal breathing reached the maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curve in all but one subject, and on exercise they all reached the MEFV curve. Total lung capacity did not change significantly, but functional residual capacity increased to 104% of the control value (P less than 0.05) and residual volume increased to 113.3% of the control value (P less than 0.02). The MEFV curves did not change and tidal flow rates in excess of th MEFV curve were not seen. Dynamic compliance fell with increasing exercise to 52.8% (P less than 0.01) and static expiratory pulmonary compliance to 90.2% of the control value. Transpulmonary pressures during tidal breathing when expiratory flow reached the MEFV curve increased to progressively higher values as the work load increased. At low work loads there were several subjects with negative transpulmonary pressure when maximum flow rates were present. In @entity1 with @entity1030 , little change occurs during exercise in pulmonary mechanics; the tidal flow patterns are dominated by the expired flow-volume curve, which is not changed by exercise; maximum flow occurs in some @entity1 when transpulmonary pressure is still negative.

title: Pulmonary mechanics during exercise in subjects with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic airflow obstruction']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic airflow obstruction']


abstract: The International Association for the Study of @entity158 (IASP 2011) defines @entity9 as "the @entity158 caused by an @entity16 ". The central @entity9 is defined as "the @entity158 caused by an @entity6220 ", whereas the peripheral @entity9 is defined as "the @entity158 caused by an @entity1897 " [1]. The @entity1897 describes any affection of the peripheral nervous system. The etiology is vast, there being a number of over 100 possible causes, which causes the global morbidity rate to reach approximately 2.4%. The chronic nature of the @entity158 superposes the everyday routine and leads to the high intake of medication for @entity158 alleviation. The number of cases of neuroplasia has always increased today. This disturbing diagnosis which can potentiate the signs and symptoms of @entity1897 as well as reduce and limit the treatment options associated with @entity16 . The treatment presupposes a multidisciplinary approach, while the solution to prevent complications involves the control of risk factors and pathophysiological treatment. @entity1897 ( @entity1897 ) is a significant disabling symptom that is tightly connected to the administration of neurotoxic cytostatic agents used for the treatment of @entity5 . @entity1897 compromises the quality of life and produces @entity158 or discomfort [2]. I have sought to produce a presentation of the medicated and physical-kinetic treatment options that have proved their effectiveness during clinical studies or random trials and can be applied to @entity5 @entity1 presenting with symptoms associated with @entity1897 , namely with @entity9 , and support it with arguments.

title: The Rehabilitation of Oncological @entity1 Presenting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['injury or disease of the central somatosensory central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['injury or disease of the somatosensory portion of the nervous system', 'neuropathies']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['injury or disease of the peripheral somatosensory nervous system', 'Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy', 'CPIN', 'peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Neuropathies']


abstract: The International Association for the Study of @entity158 (IASP 2011) defines @entity9 as "the @entity158 caused by an @entity16 ". The central @entity9 is defined as "the @entity158 caused by an @entity6220 ", whereas the peripheral @entity9 is defined as "the @entity158 caused by an @entity1897 " [1]. The @entity1897 describes any affection of the peripheral nervous system. The etiology is vast, there being a number of over 100 possible causes, which causes the global morbidity rate to reach approximately 2.4%. The chronic nature of the @entity158 superposes the everyday routine and leads to the high intake of medication for @entity158 alleviation. The number of cases of neuroplasia has always increased today. This disturbing diagnosis which can potentiate the signs and symptoms of @entity1897 as well as reduce and limit the treatment options associated with @entity16 . The treatment presupposes a multidisciplinary approach, while the solution to prevent complications involves the control of risk factors and pathophysiological treatment. @entity1897 ( @entity1897 ) is a significant disabling symptom that is tightly connected to the administration of neurotoxic cytostatic agents used for the treatment of @entity5 . @entity1897 compromises the quality of life and produces @entity158 or discomfort [2]. I have sought to produce a presentation of the medicated and physical-kinetic treatment options that have proved their effectiveness during clinical studies or random trials and can be applied to @entity5 @entity1 presenting with symptoms associated with @entity1897 , namely with @entity9 , and support it with arguments.

title: The Rehabilitation of Oncological XXXX Presenting @entity16 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7995 ( @entity7995 ) is often the first symptom of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). However, a broad range of conditions can give rise to or mimic @entity7995 . The objective of this study was to investigate the social and health related consequences of @entity7995 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the period 2003-2011, 436 @entity1 were examined for @entity7995 . The primary endpoints were time to disability pension and immunomodulatory treatment against @entity15 . @entity1 were followed-up through the Danish the Registry of Deaths and Migration until July 2012. Statistics Denmark provided information on disability pension. Furthermore, data was merged with the Danish @entity15 Treatment Register. RESULTS: After 9 years, 24.9% were disabled and 47.7% had initiated treatment against @entity15 . The risk of disability was five times higher than in the background population. The risk of becoming a disability pensioner was highest among @entity1 with paraclinical findings compatible with @entity15 . CONCLUSION: As expected, @entity15 is the leading cause of disability after @entity7995 . This study revealed an association between the paraclinical findings at symptom onset and social outcome. These results may influence insurance underwriting.

title: The prognosis for @entity1 suspected of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['ON', 'Optic neuritis']

answer: @entity7995 :: (MESH:D009902,Disease) :: ['optic neuritis']