abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2783 is a very rare condition, generally unilateral, and presents mostly as an @entity558 without systemic compromise. Our purpose is to present a new case of @entity1582 with a bilateral conjunctival involvement. CASE PRESENTATION: A 66-years-old caucasian female complaining of @entity548 and chemosis in both eyes for the last five years had been discontinuously treated with topical antibiotics and corticosteroids without any evident improvement. She presented with a pink-yellow infiltration in the inferior conjunctiva of both eyes. Conjunctival biopsy under optical microscopy revealed @entity527 , confirmed by Congo red staining. Mucosal biopsy from esophagus and rectus confirmed @entity2783 by Congo red stain. Immunohistochemistry of bone marrow biopsy showed an increased number of plasma cells and an over-expression of light chain kappa subunit. She was treated with @entity288 and lubrication with an improvement of symptoms. @entity3217 remained stable after a follow-up of 3  years. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2783 is a rare entity that may be overlooked, and should be differentiated from chronic @entity2024 and @entity5 . Although it presents most frequently as a local process, a systemic involvement should always be ruled out.

title: XXXX with bilateral conjunctival involvement: a case report.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['isolated condition']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid deposit']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['Conjunctival amyloidosis', 'amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity3217 :: ('MESH:D015821', 'Disease') :: ['Ocular lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['systemic amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['Systemic amyloidosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim was to verify the potential association between @entity4819 genetic polymorphisms and clinical outcome of hormone therapy in @entity5282 (HR)-positive early @entity0 . METHODS: Genotyping for @entity4819 @entity73159 ( @entity11414 ) polymorphism was performed on 287 @entity1 with @entity0 . Associations were evaluated between @entity4819 @entity73159 genotypes and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: Totally, @entity1 with the minor allele ( @entity5066 or AC) had an improved DFS when compared with those carrying the homozygous common allele (CC) ( @entity5066 or AC vs. CC: 62.7 months versus 55.6 months; Hazard ratio (HR), 0.745; 95% CI, 0.562-0.988; P = 0.04). The difference was further demonstrated by multivariate analyses (HR, 0.681; 95% CI, 0.506-0.917; P = 0.011). In premenopausal @entity1 , @entity5066 genotype was associated with a prolonged DFS ( @entity5066 versus CC or AC: 98.2 months versus 56.2 months; HR, 0.425; 95% CI, 0.198-0.914; P = 0.024). In addition, @entity1 with the A allele had an improved DFS when compared with those carrying the homozygous C allele ( @entity5066 or AC vs. CC: 62.7 months versus 55.6 months; HR, 0.709; 95% CI, 0.516-0.975; P = 0.033). These findings were further confirmed by the Cox regression model (HR, 0.336, 0.670; 95% CI, 0.160-0.836, 0.479-0.938; P = 0.017, 0.019). In postmenopausal @entity1 , @entity73159 genotypes were significantly associated with DFS ( @entity5066 versus AC versus CC: 32.7 months versus not reached versus 56.3 months; P = 0.011). @entity1 carrying @entity5066 variant had a poorer DFS than those with CC or AC genotypes (32.7 months versus 70.6 months; HR, 3.613; 95% CI, 1.380-9.457; P = 0.005). Furthermore, being adjusted by the @entity1 features in multivariate analyses, @entity5066 genotype remained an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR, 3.614; 95% CI, 1.308-9.991; P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: The homozygous minor allele ( @entity5066 ) of @entity4819 @entity73159 is significantly associated with improved clinical outcome of hormone therapy in premenopausal @entity0 @entity1 , but with a worse impact on postmenopausal @entity1 . The findings are novel, if confirmed, genotyping for @entity4819 @entity73159 polymorphism may provide predictive information for better selection of endocrine treatment.

title: S4646 polymorphism in XXXX gene is associated with the efficacy of hormone therapy in early @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'HR-positive early breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5282 :: ('3164', 'Gene') :: ['hormone receptor']

answer: @entity4819 :: (1588,Gene) :: ['CYP19A1']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim was to verify the potential association between @entity4819 genetic polymorphisms and clinical outcome of hormone therapy in @entity5282 (HR)-positive early @entity0 . METHODS: Genotyping for @entity4819 @entity73159 ( @entity11414 ) polymorphism was performed on 287 @entity1 with @entity0 . Associations were evaluated between @entity4819 @entity73159 genotypes and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: Totally, @entity1 with the minor allele ( @entity5066 or AC) had an improved DFS when compared with those carrying the homozygous common allele (CC) ( @entity5066 or AC vs. CC: 62.7 months versus 55.6 months; Hazard ratio (HR), 0.745; 95% CI, 0.562-0.988; P = 0.04). The difference was further demonstrated by multivariate analyses (HR, 0.681; 95% CI, 0.506-0.917; P = 0.011). In premenopausal @entity1 , @entity5066 genotype was associated with a prolonged DFS ( @entity5066 versus CC or AC: 98.2 months versus 56.2 months; HR, 0.425; 95% CI, 0.198-0.914; P = 0.024). In addition, @entity1 with the A allele had an improved DFS when compared with those carrying the homozygous C allele ( @entity5066 or AC vs. CC: 62.7 months versus 55.6 months; HR, 0.709; 95% CI, 0.516-0.975; P = 0.033). These findings were further confirmed by the Cox regression model (HR, 0.336, 0.670; 95% CI, 0.160-0.836, 0.479-0.938; P = 0.017, 0.019). In postmenopausal @entity1 , @entity73159 genotypes were significantly associated with DFS ( @entity5066 versus AC versus CC: 32.7 months versus not reached versus 56.3 months; P = 0.011). @entity1 carrying @entity5066 variant had a poorer DFS than those with CC or AC genotypes (32.7 months versus 70.6 months; HR, 3.613; 95% CI, 1.380-9.457; P = 0.005). Furthermore, being adjusted by the @entity1 features in multivariate analyses, @entity5066 genotype remained an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR, 3.614; 95% CI, 1.308-9.991; P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: The homozygous minor allele ( @entity5066 ) of @entity4819 @entity73159 is significantly associated with improved clinical outcome of hormone therapy in premenopausal @entity0 @entity1 , but with a worse impact on postmenopausal @entity1 . The findings are novel, if confirmed, genotyping for @entity4819 @entity73159 polymorphism may provide predictive information for better selection of endocrine treatment.

title: S4646 polymorphism in @entity4819 gene is associated with the efficacy of hormone therapy in early XXXX .

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: @entity1311 is a plant product isolated from the bark of the Western yew (Taxus brevifolia) that promotes the formation and stabilization of microtubules. This leads to growth arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. @entity1311 has demonstrated significant antineoplastic activity in different @entity5 types, most notably in @entity5344 . In two Phase II trials (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG]/M.D. Anderson) in @entity1 with previously untreated Stage IIIB-IV @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), response rates of 21% and 24% were reported. We are performing a Phase II trial investigating the efficacy of @entity1311 in @entity1 with inoperable Stage IIIB-IV @entity1149 . Forty-three @entity1 were treated, 31 males and 12 females, with a median age of 59 years (range, 29-75), ECOG performance status 0-2, Stage IIIB 30%, Stage IV 70%. @entity1 were treated every 3 weeks with 225 mg/m2 as a 3-h infusion with standard premedication. Preliminary efficacy results from 37 @entity1 include partial remissions in eight (21.6%) @entity1 , no change in 22 (59.5%) and disease progression in seven (19%) @entity1 . Eight @entity1 are still receiving therapy. The hematologic @entity137 (n = 43) were mild, and no World Health Organization (WHO) Grade 4 @entity1398 was observed. Nonhematologic @entity137 were Grade 1/2 @entity305 in 97.6%, Grade 1-3 @entity925 / @entity4841 in 76%, and Grade 1-3 @entity390 / @entity391 in 18.6% of the @entity1 . In conclusion, @entity1311 is an active single agent in this @entity1 population. Mild hematologic @entity137 were observed in the 3-h infusion setting (compared with 24-h infusion) and therapy was well tolerated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Phase II study with @entity1311 for the treatment of advanced inoperable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian and breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: @entity1311 is a plant product isolated from the bark of the Western yew (Taxus brevifolia) that promotes the formation and stabilization of microtubules. This leads to growth arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. @entity1311 has demonstrated significant antineoplastic activity in different @entity5 types, most notably in @entity5344 . In two Phase II trials (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG]/M.D. Anderson) in @entity1 with previously untreated Stage IIIB-IV @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), response rates of 21% and 24% were reported. We are performing a Phase II trial investigating the efficacy of @entity1311 in @entity1 with inoperable Stage IIIB-IV @entity1149 . Forty-three @entity1 were treated, 31 males and 12 females, with a median age of 59 years (range, 29-75), ECOG performance status 0-2, Stage IIIB 30%, Stage IV 70%. @entity1 were treated every 3 weeks with 225 mg/m2 as a 3-h infusion with standard premedication. Preliminary efficacy results from 37 @entity1 include partial remissions in eight (21.6%) @entity1 , no change in 22 (59.5%) and disease progression in seven (19%) @entity1 . Eight @entity1 are still receiving therapy. The hematologic @entity137 (n = 43) were mild, and no World Health Organization (WHO) Grade 4 @entity1398 was observed. Nonhematologic @entity137 were Grade 1/2 @entity305 in 97.6%, Grade 1-3 @entity925 / @entity4841 in 76%, and Grade 1-3 @entity390 / @entity391 in 18.6% of the @entity1 . In conclusion, @entity1311 is an active single agent in this @entity1 population. Mild hematologic @entity137 were observed in the 3-h infusion setting (compared with 24-h infusion) and therapy was well tolerated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Phase II study with XXXX for the treatment of advanced inoperable @entity1149 .

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: It is not easy to evaluate the prognosis of @entity3454 . First of all, a positive diagnosis is difficult: the clinical insufficiencies are ill-compensated by sonocardiography as it is less reliable than expected; the very existence of the " @entity3454 " described by Barlow is being challenged. Secondly, the most severe complications of mitral prolapse are rare, with respect to its frequency. Some complications are currently well defined. Thus, severe @entity339 , leading to valve replacement, affects elderly @entity1 more than young @entity1 , although the pathological lesions correspond to the same disease. @entity884 is rare and only occurs when there is an audible murmur. @entity74 are varied, with however, frequent junction @entity591 and a marked influence of @entity2661 , which may explain the clinical effectiveness of beta-blockers. Unfortunately, severe complications are not as well known. Thus, the risk of @entity944 and cerebral vascular accident cannot be figured out from large statistical studies. Only studies of some so called "risk" sub-groups, should allow a better knowledge of these two complications and a more effective prevention.

title: [Evaluation of the prognosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity3454 :: ('MESH:D008945', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve prolapse']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Rhythm disorders']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['Endocarditis']

answer: @entity3454 :: (MESH:D008945,Disease) :: ['mitral valve prolapse']


abstract: During 4 weeks, 40 @entity28 subjects (body mass index 30-45 W/H2) were treated with a 300-kcal mixed diet alone or in combination with exercise training on a bicycle ergometer in a metabolic ward. Exercise had a minor effect on body weight, reflected by an additional fat loss of 1.7 kg (expected loss: 4.0 kg). @entity3190 was improved by diet and normalized by diet combined with exercise; a similar effect was observed regarding C-peptide levels. Plasma concentrations of @entity1425 and @entity1063 decreased in both groups. At maximal work, @entity1063 levels were higher in the group with exercise. Free @entity1718 and free @entity653 increased at rest as well as during exercise in subjects on both regimens, the difference being more pronounced in the exercise group. Enhanced oxidation of fat was substantiated by lower respiratory quotients during endurance exercise. Working capacity increased and blood pressure decreased considerably as a consequence of physical training. It is concluded that exercise training in addition to a hypocaloric diet lowers body weight and body fat, although to a lower degree than expected. During and following bouts of exercise, fat mobilization and oxidation is enhanced, but these effects are probably counteracted at rest. On the other hand, the diet-induced deterioration of physical performance is overcompensated.

title: Metabolic effects and body fat mass changes in XXXX subjects on a very-low-calorie diet with and without intensive physical training.

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: BACKGROUND: About 30-50% of @entity74 are organically not sufficiently explained or related to a @entity146 . Of @entity1 with @entity74 , 80% are severely impaired by @entity1296 in their daily and working lives; nevertheless, they are often not diagnosed or treated adequately. OBJECTIVES: This review aims to give a systematic overview of psychotherapeutic approaches and their efficacy regarding the treatment of @entity1296 that is medically not sufficiently explained or related to a @entity146 . METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline, PSYNDEX and PsycINFO. Included in this systematic review were (randomised) controlled trials ((R)CTs) concerning psychotherapy in @entity1 with @entity1296 , medically not sufficiently explained or associated with a @entity146 . If possible, Hedges' g was used to express the @entity5562 ( @entity5562 ) of the treatment. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q statistic. In addition, the quality of the studies was rated. RESULTS: Three (R)CTs were included. All studies used cognitive-behavioural treatment methods in combination with relaxation techniques or vestibular rehabilitation. All studies suggested that psychotherapy may provide improvement. The mean @entity5562 in the treatment groups was 0.46 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.88) for @entity1296 related outcome, 0.10 (-0.44 to 0.64) for @entity148 and 0.17 (-0.24 to 0.58) for @entity308 whereas in the control groups the mean @entity1296 related @entity5562 was -0.04 (-0.44 to 0.37), @entity148 related @entity5562 was -0.03 (-0.43 to 0.38) and @entity308 related @entity5562 was -0.02 (-0.42 to 0.38). The quality of the studies was average. Sample sizes were small, however, and there was a lack of long term studies. CONCLUSION: This systematic review provides some preliminary evidence that psychotherapy may be effective in @entity1 with @entity1296 that is medically not sufficiently explained or due to a @entity146 . The results should be replicated in larger samples and follow-up RCTs.

title: Psychotherapy in XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity5562 :: ('MESH:D015875', 'Disease') :: ['effect sizes', 'ES']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['complex dizziness disorders', 'such dizziness disorders']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

answer: @entity1296 :: (MESH:D004244,Disease) :: ['dizziness']


abstract: We have analyzed the essentiality or contribution to growth of each of four genes in the @entity526 trmD operon (rpsP, 21K, trmD, and rplS) and of the flanking genes ffh and 16K by a reverse genetic method. Mutant alleles were constructed in vitro on plasmids and transferred by recombination to the corresponding @entity5999 clone (lambda 439) and from the phage clone to the @entity526 chromosome. An ability to obtain recombinants only in cells carrying a complementing plasmid indicated that the mutated gene was essential, while an ability to obtain recombinants in plasmid-free cells indicated nonessentiality. In this way, Ffh, the @entity526 homolog to the 54-kDa protein of the signal recognition particle of @entity1 cells, and ribosomal proteins S16 and @entity73160 were shown to be essential for viability. A deletion of the second gene, 21K, of the trmD operon reduced the growth rate of the cells fivefold, indicating that the wild-type 21-kDa protein is important for viability. A deletion-insertion in the same gene resulted in the accumulation of an assembly intermediate of the 50S ribosomal subunit, as a result of polar effects on the expression of a downstream gene, rplS, which encodes ribosomal protein @entity73160 . This finding suggests that @entity73160 , previously not considered to be an assembly protein, contributes to the assembly of the 50S ribosomal subunits. Strains deleted for the trmD gene, the third gene of the operon, encoding the tRNA (m1G37)methyltransferase (or TrmD) showed a severalfold reduced growth rate. Since such a strain grew much slower than a strain lacking the tRNA(m(1)G37) methyltransferase activity because of a point mutation, the TrmD protein might have a second function in the cell. Finally, a 16-kDa protein encoded by the gene located downstream of, and convergently transcribed to, the trmD operon was found to be nonessential and not to contribute to growth.

title: Functional analysis of the ffh-trmD region of the XXXX chromosome by using reverse genetics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: A case of @entity48532 with cutaneous @entity3 in a 74 year old @entity1 is reported. The @entity1 presented with a six months history of two @entity1127 of the lowest portion of the anal canal. Physical examination of the inguino-scrotal area revealed a 5 X 7 cm. hard infiltrative plaque with three @entity2318 . Histologic examination of both @entity1127 revealed two of the four cytologic patterns described in this @entity5 . One polyp showed undifferentiated cells, type IV and second one, type II differentiated. The biopsy of the cutaneous @entity3 showed dermal infiltrative clusters of the cytologic type II differentiated epidermal cells. Treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy was ineffective. @entity48532 of the canal anal is a transitional cells @entity5 believed to arise from vestigial remnants of cloacal origin. @entity3 occurred in 19% of cases but cutaneous colonization develops exceptionally.

title: [Cutaneous metastasis of a cloacogenic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity48532 :: ('MESH:C562739', 'Disease') :: ['cloacogenic carcinoma', 'Cloacogenic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['ulcero-vegetative scars']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'Metastases']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: There is controversy over whether therapy to prevent @entity1165 should be selected noninvasively (by trying drugs and monitoring the @entity1 electrocardiographically) or invasively (by selecting a drug that prevents induction of the @entity943 by programmed stimulation). We randomly assigned 57 @entity1 with symptomatic and demonstrable @entity1165 to therapy selected either noninvasively or invasively. The @entity591 involved were sustained @entity1165 (35 @entity1 ), nonsustained @entity1165 with @entity551 (15 @entity1 ), and @entity2224 (7 @entity1 ). The noninvasive approach sought reduction of ventricular premature beats by more than 80 percent and of couplets by more than 90 percent, with elimination of three or more successive ventricular beats on ambulatory monitoring and exercise testing. The invasive approach sought to prevent the induction of five or more repetitive beats by programmed stimulation. The noninvasive approach required fewer drug trials (3.2 +/- 1.8 [mean +/- SD] vs. 5.5 +/- 2.8, P less than 0.001) and fewer hospital days (20 +/- 15 vs. 33 +/- 24, P = 0.01) and identified a therapy predicted to be effective for more @entity1 than did the invasive approach (29 of 29 vs. 15 of 28, P less than 0.001). When a predicted effective therapy was not found, @entity2643 was prescribed despite persisting inducibility of @entity1165 . @entity1 randomly assigned to the noninvasive approach had more symptomatic recurrences of @entity591 than those treated by the invasive approach (two-year actuarial probabilities of 0.50 +/- 0.10 vs. 0.20 +/- 0.08, P = 0.02). Similar differences were observed when @entity2643 recipients were excluded. There were only three deaths from recurrent @entity1165 --two in the group whose treatment was selected noninvasively and one in the group whose treatment was selected invasively (not significant). We conclude that therapy selected by the invasive approach prevents recurrences of @entity1165 better than that selected by the noninvasive approach.

title: A randomized clinical trial of the noninvasive and invasive approaches to drug therapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachyarrhythmia', 'tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: The molecular signals that determine the position and timing of the cleavage furrow during @entity1 cell cytokinesis are presently unknown. We have studied in detail the effect of @entity12086 ( @entity5242 ), a drug that interferes with actin assembly, on specific late mitotic events in synchronous HeLa cells. When cleavage furrow formation is blocked at 10 microM @entity5242 , cells return to interphase by the criteria of reformation of nuclei with lamin borders, degradation of the cyclin B component of @entity10610 kinase, and loss of mitosis specific MPM-2 antigens. However, the machinery for cell cleavage is retained for up to one hour into G1 when cleavage cannot proceed. The components retained consist prominently of a "postmitotic" spindle and a telophase disc, a structure templated by the mitotic spindle in anaphase that may determine the position and timing of the cleavage furrow. Upon release from @entity5242 block, G1 cells proceed through a rapid and synchronous cleavage. We conclude that the mitotic spindle is not inevitably destroyed at the end of mitosis, but persists as an integral structure with the telophase disc in the absence of cleavage. We also conclude that cell cleavage can occur in G1, and is therefore an event metabolically independent of mitosis. The retained telophase disc may indeed signal the position of furrow formation, as G1 cleavage occurs only in the position where the retained disc underlies the cell cortex. The protocol we describe should now enable development of a model system for the study of @entity1 cell cleavage as a synchronous event independent of mitosis.

title: Delay of HeLa cell cleavage into interphase using XXXX : retention of a postmitotic spindle and telophase disc correlates with synchronous cleavage recovery.

entities_list: @entity12086 :: ('MESH:C024794', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrocytochalasin B']

answer: @entity12086 :: (MESH:C024794,Chemical) :: ['dihydrocytochalasin B']


abstract: This study investigated the antioxidant effects of pecan nut (Carya illinoensis) shell aqueous extract (AE) on @entity137 induced by @entity786 (CP) in the heart, kidney, liver, bladder, plasma and erythrocytes of @entity35 . @entity35 were treated with water or pecan shell AE (5%) ad libitum, replacing drinking water for 37 days up to the end of the experiment. On day 30, half of each group received a single administration of vehicle or CP 200 mg/kg-ip. After 7 days, the organs were removed. @entity35 treated with CP showed an increase in lipid peroxidation (LP) and decrease in @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ) levels in all structures. @entity12609 ( @entity12609 ) activity was increased in the heart and @entity8 . Besides, CP treatment decreased plasmatic @entity620 (VIT C) levels and induced bladder macroscopical and microscopical damages. In contrast, co-treatment with pecan shell AE prevented the LP development and the @entity2197 depletion in all structures, except in the heart and plasma, respectively. @entity12609 activity in the heart and liver as well as the plasmatic VIT C levels remained unchanged. Finally, AE prevented CP-induced @entity1494 . These findings revealed the protective role of pecan shell AE in CP-induced multiple organ @entity137 .

title: Protective effects of a by-product of the pecan nut industry (Carya illinoensis) on the @entity137 induced by @entity786 in @entity35 Carya illinoensis protects against @entity786 -induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['decreased in liver and kidney']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder injury']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['reduced glutathione']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: This study investigated the antioxidant effects of pecan nut (Carya illinoensis) shell aqueous extract (AE) on @entity137 induced by @entity786 (CP) in the heart, kidney, liver, bladder, plasma and erythrocytes of @entity35 . @entity35 were treated with water or pecan shell AE (5%) ad libitum, replacing drinking water for 37 days up to the end of the experiment. On day 30, half of each group received a single administration of vehicle or CP 200 mg/kg-ip. After 7 days, the organs were removed. @entity35 treated with CP showed an increase in lipid peroxidation (LP) and decrease in @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ) levels in all structures. @entity12609 ( @entity12609 ) activity was increased in the heart and @entity8 . Besides, CP treatment decreased plasmatic @entity620 (VIT C) levels and induced bladder macroscopical and microscopical damages. In contrast, co-treatment with pecan shell AE prevented the LP development and the @entity2197 depletion in all structures, except in the heart and plasma, respectively. @entity12609 activity in the heart and liver as well as the plasmatic VIT C levels remained unchanged. Finally, AE prevented CP-induced @entity1494 . These findings revealed the protective role of pecan shell AE in CP-induced multiple organ @entity137 .

title: Protective effects of a by-product of the pecan nut industry (Carya illinoensis) on the XXXX induced by @entity786 in @entity35 Carya illinoensis protects against @entity786 -induced @entity137 .

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: This study investigated the antioxidant effects of pecan nut (Carya illinoensis) shell aqueous extract (AE) on @entity137 induced by @entity786 (CP) in the heart, kidney, liver, bladder, plasma and erythrocytes of @entity35 . @entity35 were treated with water or pecan shell AE (5%) ad libitum, replacing drinking water for 37 days up to the end of the experiment. On day 30, half of each group received a single administration of vehicle or CP 200 mg/kg-ip. After 7 days, the organs were removed. @entity35 treated with CP showed an increase in lipid peroxidation (LP) and decrease in @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ) levels in all structures. @entity12609 ( @entity12609 ) activity was increased in the heart and @entity8 . Besides, CP treatment decreased plasmatic @entity620 (VIT C) levels and induced bladder macroscopical and microscopical damages. In contrast, co-treatment with pecan shell AE prevented the LP development and the @entity2197 depletion in all structures, except in the heart and plasma, respectively. @entity12609 activity in the heart and liver as well as the plasmatic VIT C levels remained unchanged. Finally, AE prevented CP-induced @entity1494 . These findings revealed the protective role of pecan shell AE in CP-induced multiple organ @entity137 .

title: Protective effects of a by-product of the pecan nut industry (Carya illinoensis) on the @entity137 induced by XXXX in @entity35 Carya illinoensis protects against @entity786 -induced @entity137 .

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: This study investigated the antioxidant effects of pecan nut (Carya illinoensis) shell aqueous extract (AE) on @entity137 induced by @entity786 (CP) in the heart, kidney, liver, bladder, plasma and erythrocytes of @entity35 . @entity35 were treated with water or pecan shell AE (5%) ad libitum, replacing drinking water for 37 days up to the end of the experiment. On day 30, half of each group received a single administration of vehicle or CP 200 mg/kg-ip. After 7 days, the organs were removed. @entity35 treated with CP showed an increase in lipid peroxidation (LP) and decrease in @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ) levels in all structures. @entity12609 ( @entity12609 ) activity was increased in the heart and @entity8 . Besides, CP treatment decreased plasmatic @entity620 (VIT C) levels and induced bladder macroscopical and microscopical damages. In contrast, co-treatment with pecan shell AE prevented the LP development and the @entity2197 depletion in all structures, except in the heart and plasma, respectively. @entity12609 activity in the heart and liver as well as the plasmatic VIT C levels remained unchanged. Finally, AE prevented CP-induced @entity1494 . These findings revealed the protective role of pecan shell AE in CP-induced multiple organ @entity137 .

title: Protective effects of a by-product of the pecan nut industry (Carya illinoensis) on the @entity137 induced by @entity786 in @entity35 Carya illinoensis protects against XXXX -induced @entity137 .

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: This study investigated the antioxidant effects of pecan nut (Carya illinoensis) shell aqueous extract (AE) on @entity137 induced by @entity786 (CP) in the heart, kidney, liver, bladder, plasma and erythrocytes of @entity35 . @entity35 were treated with water or pecan shell AE (5%) ad libitum, replacing drinking water for 37 days up to the end of the experiment. On day 30, half of each group received a single administration of vehicle or CP 200 mg/kg-ip. After 7 days, the organs were removed. @entity35 treated with CP showed an increase in lipid peroxidation (LP) and decrease in @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ) levels in all structures. @entity12609 ( @entity12609 ) activity was increased in the heart and @entity8 . Besides, CP treatment decreased plasmatic @entity620 (VIT C) levels and induced bladder macroscopical and microscopical damages. In contrast, co-treatment with pecan shell AE prevented the LP development and the @entity2197 depletion in all structures, except in the heart and plasma, respectively. @entity12609 activity in the heart and liver as well as the plasmatic VIT C levels remained unchanged. Finally, AE prevented CP-induced @entity1494 . These findings revealed the protective role of pecan shell AE in CP-induced multiple organ @entity137 .

title: Protective effects of a by-product of the pecan nut industry (Carya illinoensis) on the @entity137 induced by @entity786 in XXXX Carya illinoensis protects against @entity786 -induced @entity137 .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: ToliicIV distinguish normal cervical lymphocyte populations from phenotypes recruited to the cervix in response to cervical @entity5 , lymphocytes were isolated from normal and neoplastic cervix. A portion of the cervical transformation zone was obtained from 19 @entity1 with pathologically confirmed @entity3146 and from 20 @entity1 with normal cervices undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications. Mononuclear cells were harvested from cervical tissue using a serial, multienzymatic digestion procedure and enriched by density gradient centrifugation. Isolated cell populations were stained with surface marker-specific monoclonal antibodies and analyzed by fluorescent activated cell sorter to determine the percentage of B cells, total T cells, @entity404 + T cells, @entity405 + T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. The distribution of circulating peripheral blood lymphocyte phenotypes was similar for both @entity1 with @entity5 and normal controls. A marked disparity in the proportions of NK cells and T cells was demonstrated among lymphocyte phenotypes infiltrating the cervix. The percentage of @entity404 + T cells and NK cells was significantly depressed (P = 0.04, P = 0.03, respectively) in @entity6349 tissue as compared to normal cervical tissue. In contrast, the proportion of @entity405 + T cells was significantly increased in the @entity6349 tissue (P = 0.0001). Analysis of immunocompetent cells in the circulation appears to have little correlation with immunocytes present in the @entity6349 epithelium. The @entity308 in the proportion of @entity404 + T lymphocytes and NK cells at the cervical squamocolumnar junction reflects a local recruitment of @entity405 + T cells to the site of @entity5 in the cervix.

title: XXXX + T lymphocytes are recruited to neoplastic cervix.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia']

answer: @entity405 :: (925,Gene) :: ['CD8']


abstract: Traditionally, group C streptococci include four species: @entity30180 , @entity11674 , @entity29599 , and @entity22193 , the first three of which are group C beta-hemolytic streptococci (GCBHS). However, many of the beta-hemolytic streptococci carrying Lancefield group C antigen isolated from clinical specimens are S. milleri. These organisms can be differentiated by colony size. We retrospectively collected data concerning large-colony-forming GCBHS @entity2259 that occurred during a period of 8 years at the Massachusetts General Hospital. A total of 222 cases of @entity883 were identified; data on the Lancefield grouping were available in 192 cases: 45 cases (23.6%) were group A, 96 cases (50%) were group B, 7 cases (3.6%) were group C (large colony forming), and 44 cases (22.9%) were group G. The medical records for cases of large-colony-forming GCBHS @entity2259 were reviewed. In one case, the isolate was thought to be a contaminant; the other six cases are reported (five males and one female; mean age, 55 years). All @entity1 had severe underlying conditions, and none had a history of exposure to animals. The clinical syndromes included two cases of @entity2688 and one case each of @entity884 , @entity583 complicated by @entity281 , and @entity13705 . The diagnoses for two @entity1 with @entity281 were delayed. Three of the six @entity1 had fatal outcomes, and other two, after prolonged hospitalization, were transferred to a long-term rehabilitation center. We concluded that the severe outcomes reflect delay in diagnosis and treatment as well as the severity of the underlying diseases. The taxonomy of GCBHS is discussed. More reports differentiating large- and small-colony-forming GCBHS are needed.

title: Report of cases of and taxonomic considerations for large-colony-forming Lancefield group C XXXX .

entities_list: @entity13705 :: ('MESH:D009209', 'Disease') :: ['myofasciitis']

entities_list: @entity883 :: ('MESH:D013290', 'Disease') :: ['beta-hemolytic streptococcal bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity30180 :: ('119602', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus equisimilis']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular infections', 'infection, pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity11674 :: ('40041', 'Species') :: ['S. zooepidemicus']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity22193 :: ('1334', 'Species') :: ['S. dysgalactiae']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity883 :: (MESH:D013290,Disease) :: ['streptococcal bacteremia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Increasingly, robotic surgery is being used for total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and lymph node dissection for uterine @entity5 . The purpose of this study was to compare the costs and complications among @entity1 undergoing robotic and laparoscopic hysterectomy for uterine @entity5 . STUDY DESIGN: We carried out a cohort study using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database between 2008 and 2012 on all @entity1 diagnosed with uterine @entity5 , classifying @entity1 as either laparoscopically or robotically treated, excluding laparotomies or vaginal approaches. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the adjusted effect of surgical approach on complication rates. RESULTS: There were 10,347 @entity1 who underwent hysterectomies for uterine @entity5 either laparoscopically (39%) or robotically (61%). The rate of robotic surgery consistently increased over the 5 year period. @entity1 undergoing robotic surgery had more comorbid conditions ( @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity65 , @entity8 , @entity28 or morbid @entity28 , and @entity358 ). In adjusted analyses, @entity1 undergoing robotic surgery were more likely to have a lymph node dissection (73.01% vs 66.04%; P < .0001) and an admission lasting <3 days (86.01% vs 82.5%; P < .0001) compared with those undergoing laparoscopic surgery. The composite endpoint of any complication was similar between both cohorts (20.56% robotic vs 21.00% laparoscopy). In overall and subset analyses, robotic surgery was more costly, with median charges of  38,161.00 compared with  31,476.00 in those undergoing laparoscopic surgery (P < .0001). CONCLUSION: Despite the considerably greater burden of comorbidities in those undergoing robotic surgery compared with laparoscopy, the former have shorter hospital admissions, a greater rate of lymph node dissection, and similar postoperative morbidity and mortality, albeit at greater total cost.

title: Laparoscopic and robot-assisted hysterectomy for uterine XXXX : a comparison of costs and complications.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical trial units are integral to the functioning of a medical oncology department with @entity1 access to clinical trials an important component in @entity1 care. There has been a paucity of potential key performance indicators in medical oncology and clinical trial information may be utilised for this purpose. The aim of this study was to record retrospectively and collate prospectively collected information regarding basic demographics, response rate, progression and survival plus grade 3 or 4 @entity137 in @entity1 enrolled in clinical trials for metastatic @entity14 at the Sydney @entity5 Centre between 1999 and 2007. METHODS: Baseline @entity1 demographics, clinical response, progression dates, grade 3 or 4 @entity137 plus treatment-related fatalities were collected from individual clinical trials. Outcome measures were clinical response, progression-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS: There was a total of 14 trials undertaken during the defined period for @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 . There was available information for 243 @entity1 trials with sufficient information regarding response rates, @entity137 , progression and survival. @entity5 response rates ranged from 27% to 66% for first line chemotherapy trials and 0% to 20% for non-first line chemotherapy trials. The overall progression-free survival was 6.4 months and overall survival 14.0 months for all trials. There was one treatment-related fatality on clinical trial during this period. CONCLUSIONS: Results of our clinical database have been used here to illustrate the concept and value of reporting clinical trial information in medical oncology. Public reporting of such information may allow for comparisons between units and for quality improvement.

title: Reporting clinical trial information: XXXX trials at Sydney @entity5 Centre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical trial units are integral to the functioning of a medical oncology department with @entity1 access to clinical trials an important component in @entity1 care. There has been a paucity of potential key performance indicators in medical oncology and clinical trial information may be utilised for this purpose. The aim of this study was to record retrospectively and collate prospectively collected information regarding basic demographics, response rate, progression and survival plus grade 3 or 4 @entity137 in @entity1 enrolled in clinical trials for metastatic @entity14 at the Sydney @entity5 Centre between 1999 and 2007. METHODS: Baseline @entity1 demographics, clinical response, progression dates, grade 3 or 4 @entity137 plus treatment-related fatalities were collected from individual clinical trials. Outcome measures were clinical response, progression-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS: There was a total of 14 trials undertaken during the defined period for @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 . There was available information for 243 @entity1 trials with sufficient information regarding response rates, @entity137 , progression and survival. @entity5 response rates ranged from 27% to 66% for first line chemotherapy trials and 0% to 20% for non-first line chemotherapy trials. The overall progression-free survival was 6.4 months and overall survival 14.0 months for all trials. There was one treatment-related fatality on clinical trial during this period. CONCLUSIONS: Results of our clinical database have been used here to illustrate the concept and value of reporting clinical trial information in medical oncology. Public reporting of such information may allow for comparisons between units and for quality improvement.

title: Reporting clinical trial information: @entity14 trials at Sydney XXXX Centre.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: In the cochlear nucleus of mammals, the relatively homogeneous responses of auditory nerve fibers are transformed into a variety of different response patterns by the different classes of resident neurons. The spectrum of these responses is hypothesized to depend on the types and distribution of receptors, ion channels, G proteins, and second messengers that form the signaling capabilities in each cell class. In the present study, we examined the immunocytochemical distribution of the @entity671 ( @entity9197 in the dorsal cochlear nucleus to better understand how this second messenger might be involved in shaping the neural signals evoked by sound. Affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies directed against the @entity9423 labeled a homogeneous population of neurons in the dorsal cochlear nucleus of @entity35 , @entity840 , mustache bats, @entity468 , New World owl monkeys, @entity2608 , and @entity1 . These cells were all darkly immunostained except in the @entity1 where the labeling was less intense. Immunoblots of dorsal cochlear nucleus tissue from the @entity35 revealed a single band of protein of molecular weight approximately 260 kD, which is the same size as the purified receptor, indicating that our antibodies reacted specifically with the @entity9423 . These immunolabeled neurons were identified as cartwheel cells on the basis of shared characteristics across species, including cell body size and distribution, the presence of a highly invaginated nucleus, and a well-developed system of cisternae. Reaction product was localized along the membranes of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, subsurface cisternae, and the nuclear envelope. This label was distributed throughout the cartwheel cell body and dendritic shafts but not within dendritic spines, axons, or axons terminals. The regular pattern of immunolabeling across mammals suggests that IP3 and cartwheel cells are conserved in evolution and that both play an important but as yet unknown role in hearing.

title: XXXX receptors: immunocytochemical localization in the dorsal cochlear nucleus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity671 :: ('MESH:D015544', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkeys']

answer: @entity671 :: (MESH:D015544,Chemical) :: ['Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate']


abstract: 12 cases of @entity305 with @entity1581 are reported. An analysis of the clinical, electrophysiological, histological and immunological features of these cases and of those reported in the literature allows to distinguish 2 groups. In the first group (8./12 cases), the @entity16 showed clinical and electrophysiological features of a mainly demyelinating mechanism involving large fibers. Electromicroscopy disclosed a widening of the spaces between the lamellae of the myelin in half of these cases. A monoclonal deposit of IgM was demonstrated by direct immunofluorescence, on the remaining myelinated fibers in most cases. In this first group, the M-component always reacted with the myelin sheaths of a monkey's peripheral nerve. The results of indirect immunofluorescence were closely correlated with those of immunoblotting, which revealed an anti-M.A.G. ( @entity10838 ) activity. The second group is more heterogeneous: there was an @entity1897 (1 case), an asymmetrical and painful @entity16 with an endoneural deposit of IgM (1 case). In 2 other cases which in no other ways differed from those of the first group, the M-component seemed devoid of antimyelinic activity. Nevertheless, the presence of IgM on the myelin sheaths of these 2 cases suggested a relationship between the @entity16 and the gammapathy. In both groups, results from the association of apheresis and @entity5805 were difficult to assess and vary greatly. Therapy appeared beneficent in half of the cases, but only one @entity1 was markedly improved.

title: [ XXXX with @entity1581 . 12 cases].

entities_list: @entity1581 :: ('MESH:D010265', 'Disease') :: ['IgM monoclonal gammapathy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity5805 :: ('MESH:D002699', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorambucil']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['predominantly motor neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity10838 :: ('4099', 'Gene') :: ['Myelin Associated Glycoprotein']

answer: @entity305 :: (MESH:D011115,Disease) :: ['Polyneuropathies']


abstract: 12 cases of @entity305 with @entity1581 are reported. An analysis of the clinical, electrophysiological, histological and immunological features of these cases and of those reported in the literature allows to distinguish 2 groups. In the first group (8./12 cases), the @entity16 showed clinical and electrophysiological features of a mainly demyelinating mechanism involving large fibers. Electromicroscopy disclosed a widening of the spaces between the lamellae of the myelin in half of these cases. A monoclonal deposit of IgM was demonstrated by direct immunofluorescence, on the remaining myelinated fibers in most cases. In this first group, the M-component always reacted with the myelin sheaths of a monkey's peripheral nerve. The results of indirect immunofluorescence were closely correlated with those of immunoblotting, which revealed an anti-M.A.G. ( @entity10838 ) activity. The second group is more heterogeneous: there was an @entity1897 (1 case), an asymmetrical and painful @entity16 with an endoneural deposit of IgM (1 case). In 2 other cases which in no other ways differed from those of the first group, the M-component seemed devoid of antimyelinic activity. Nevertheless, the presence of IgM on the myelin sheaths of these 2 cases suggested a relationship between the @entity16 and the gammapathy. In both groups, results from the association of apheresis and @entity5805 were difficult to assess and vary greatly. Therapy appeared beneficent in half of the cases, but only one @entity1 was markedly improved.

title: [ @entity305 with XXXX . 12 cases].

answer: @entity1581 :: (MESH:D010265,Disease) :: ['IgM monoclonal gammopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We describe the CT appearance of @entity358 ( @entity2583 ), an @entity1292 typically occurring in immunocompromised @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight @entity1 with @entity358 imaged with CT were reviewed, seven at initial diagnosis and one with a subsequent complication. The appearance, number, and location of @entity358 and the presence of @entity1143 and extrapulmonary involvement were assessed. Rim enhancement, air bronchograms, the halo sign, air crescent sign, cavitation, and central low attenuation suggesting @entity39 were recorded. RESULTS: There were 14 nodules and 5 areas of mass-like or wedge-shaped consolidation. @entity1143 was present in five @entity1 , halo sign in three, central low attenuation in two, and cavitation in one. In the affected lobe 13 of 14 nodules and all consolidations were posterior. Of 19 lesions 16 (84%) were confined to the upper lobes, with 3 in the superior segment of a lower lobe. @entity66 with @entity891 was the only manifestation in one @entity1 . Major complications were direct spinal invasion in one @entity1 and @entity358 in another @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In the appropriate clinical circumstance, nodules or mass-like or wedge-shaped consolidation, especially posteriorly in the upper lobes of the lung, should suggest @entity13296 . Endobronchial @entity13296 is less common.

title: XXXX : CT appearance.

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['Pleural effusion', 'pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity2583 :: ('MESH:D009091', 'Disease') :: ['mucormycosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Endobronchial disease']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity13296 :: ('MESH:D020096', 'Disease') :: ['zygomycosis']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['lobar collapse']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['multiple pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms', 'pulmonary zygomycosis', 'pulmonary lesions']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infection']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary zygomycosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The role of @entity10015 in immune responses of PBMCs of @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) @entity1 has not been studied. DESIGN AND METHODS: 20 Healthy and 20 @entity2175 subjects were participated in the study. @entity10015 expression in PBMCs of the subjects was measured using real-time PCR. The levels of secreted @entity650 and @entity310 cytokines were quantified using ELISA. RESULTS: A downregulation of @entity10015 expression was observed in untreated and @entity558 treated PBMCs of @entity6 @entity1 compared to controls. There was a significant upregulation of @entity10015 after @entity558 treatment in PBMCs of both control and @entity6 groups. In healthy subjects and in both untreated and @entity558 -treated conditions, @entity10015 expression was negatively correlated with weight, waist circumference and body mass index. In @entity6 group, there was a negative correlation between @entity10015 expression and @entity413 levels only in @entity558 treated cells. Furthermore, systolic blood pressure was found to negatively correlate with @entity10015 expression in untreated PBMCs of both healthy and @entity6 subjects. The results also showed a significant correlation between @entity10015 expression and @entity310 and @entity650 levels in @entity558 treated cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that @entity10015 expression is reduced in PBMCs of @entity6 @entity1 and this reduced expression does not seem to be involved in increased cytokine production from PBMCs of these @entity1 .

title: Downregulated microRNA-155 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of XXXX @entity1 is not correlated with increased inflammatory cytokine production.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetic', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2175 :: (MESH:D003924,Disease) :: ['type 2 diabetic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The role of @entity10015 in immune responses of PBMCs of @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) @entity1 has not been studied. DESIGN AND METHODS: 20 Healthy and 20 @entity2175 subjects were participated in the study. @entity10015 expression in PBMCs of the subjects was measured using real-time PCR. The levels of secreted @entity650 and @entity310 cytokines were quantified using ELISA. RESULTS: A downregulation of @entity10015 expression was observed in untreated and @entity558 treated PBMCs of @entity6 @entity1 compared to controls. There was a significant upregulation of @entity10015 after @entity558 treatment in PBMCs of both control and @entity6 groups. In healthy subjects and in both untreated and @entity558 -treated conditions, @entity10015 expression was negatively correlated with weight, waist circumference and body mass index. In @entity6 group, there was a negative correlation between @entity10015 expression and @entity413 levels only in @entity558 treated cells. Furthermore, systolic blood pressure was found to negatively correlate with @entity10015 expression in untreated PBMCs of both healthy and @entity6 subjects. The results also showed a significant correlation between @entity10015 expression and @entity310 and @entity650 levels in @entity558 treated cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that @entity10015 expression is reduced in PBMCs of @entity6 @entity1 and this reduced expression does not seem to be involved in increased cytokine production from PBMCs of these @entity1 .

title: Downregulated microRNA-155 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of @entity2175 XXXX is not correlated with increased inflammatory cytokine production.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the rate of @entity281 at which it is cost-effective to treat @entity235 bite wounds with antibiotics. METHODS: Our study was composed of two parts. First we performed a randomized, double-blind controlled trial (RCT) to compare the @entity281 rates of @entity235 bite wounds in @entity1 given @entity10188 versus placebo. Subjects were immunocompetent @entity1 presenting to the emergency department (ED) with @entity235 bite wounds less than 12 hours old without suspected @entity79 , and who had structured follow-up after two weeks. Second, we developed a cost model with sensitivity analysis to determine thresholds for treatment. RESULTS: In the RCT, primary outcomes were obtained in 94 @entity1 with @entity235 bites. The overall wound @entity281 rate at two weeks was 2% [95% CI 0 to 7%]. Two of 46 @entity1 (4%) receiving no antibiotics developed @entity281 , while none of the 48 @entity1 (0%) receiving prophylactic antibiotics developed an @entity281 (absolute reduction 4% [95% CI -1.0 to 4.5%]). Using a sensitivity analysis across a rate of @entity281 from 0-10%, our cost model determined that prophylactic antibiotics were cost effective if the risk of wound @entity281 was greater than 5% and antibiotics could decrease that risk by greater than 3%. CONCLUSION: Our wound @entity281 rate was lower than older studies and more in line with current estimates. Assuming that prophylactic antibiotics could provide an absolute risk reduction (ARR) of 3%, it would not be cost effective to treat wounds with an @entity281 rate of less than 3% and unlikely that the ARR would be achievable unless the baseline rate was greater than 5%, suggesting that only wounds with greater than 5% risk of @entity281 should be treated. Future work should focus on identifying wounds at high-risk of @entity281 that would benefit from antibiotic prophylaxis.

title: Randomized controlled trial of prophylactic antibiotics for XXXX bites with refined cost model.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular, tendon, joint or bone injury']

entities_list: @entity10188 :: ('MESH:D019980', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin-clavulanic acid']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate, in @entity1 with severe @entity326 , the adrenocortical function assessed by daily plasma @entity701 determinations during the first 72 h and by the short synthetic ACTH stimulation test performed within 24 h of the onset of shock. DESIGN: Prospective clinical investigation. SETTING: Medical intensive care unit in a university teaching hospital. @entity1 : 40 consecutive @entity1 with documented @entity326 requiring at least hemodynamic resuscitation and respiratory support. INTERVENTIONS: There were no interventions. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Basal @entity701 concentrations were increased with a mean value of 36.8 micrograms/dl (range 7.9-113). Of the overall @entity701 determinations 92% were above 15 micrograms/dl. No statistically significant differences in basal @entity701 concentrations were found when survival, type of @entity1503 were considered. @entity1 with @entity99 had significantly higher @entity701 (50.1 (+/- 6.2) micrograms/dl versus 35.9(+/- 3.3) micrograms/dl, p = 0.035) levels compared to other @entity1 . No correlations were found between basal plasma @entity701 concentrations and factors such as SAPS, @entity25188 , hemodynamic measurements, duration of shock, and amount of vasopressor and/or inotropic agents. @entity701 concentrations had significant but weak correlation with ACTH levels in survivors (r = 0.4; p = 0.03; n = 28) but not in non-survivors (r = 0.03; p = 0.85; n = 52). @entity701 levels in non-survivors increased significantly from enrollment time to the 72nd hour of the survey (day 1: 38.9(+/- 3.8) micrograms/dl versus day 3: 66.7(+/- 17.1) micrograms/dl; p = 0.046) and were significantly higher than those recorded in survivors. Responses to the short ACTH stimulation test were not significantly different between survivors and non-survivors. According to the different criteria used to interpret the response to the ACTH stimulation test, incidence of @entity5343 was highly variable ranging from 6.25-75% in @entity1 with @entity326 . Only one @entity1 had absolute @entity5343 (basal @entity701 level below 10 micrograms/dl; response to the ACTH stimulation test below 18 micrograms/dl). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that in a selected population of @entity1 with severe @entity326 single plasma @entity701 determination has no predictive value. The short ACTH stimulation test performed within the first 24 h of onset shock can neither predict outcome nor estimate impairment in adrenocortical function in @entity1 with high basal @entity701 level. @entity1887 is rare in @entity326 and should be suspected when @entity701 level is below 15 micrograms/dl and then confirmed by a peak @entity701 level lower than 18 micrograms/dl during the short ACTH stimulation test.

title: Adrenocortical function during XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['Adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['infection, and positive blood cultures']

entities_list: @entity5343 :: ('MESH:D000224', 'Disease') :: ['adrenocortical insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic disease']

answer: @entity326 :: (MESH:D012772,Disease) :: ['septic shock']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although it has been recognised as a @entity65 factor, data on @entity25 screening before coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are scarce. This study sought to determine the prevalence, predictors and effects of @entity25 on re-admission in @entity1 undergoing CABG. METHOD: We prospectively recruited 152 @entity1 to undergo an overnight sleep study before CABG. Sleep apnoea was defined as an apnoea-hypopnoea index of >= 15 events per hour. Data on unscheduled re-admission due to cardiovascular events were collected. RESULTS: Among the 138 @entity1 who completed the sleep study, @entity25 was diagnosed in 69 (50%). The @entity1 who had @entity25 had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (p  =  0.029), a larger left atrial diameter (p  =  0.014) and a larger left ventricular end-systolic dimension (p  =  0.019) than those who did not. Angiographic SYNTAX and Gensini scores were similar in @entity1 with and without @entity25 . The generalised structural equation model revealed that @entity101 , a high body mass index and @entity177 were independent predictors of @entity25 (p  <  0.05). After an average follow-up of 6      3 months, 12 @entity1 with @entity25 (17.3%) and three @entity1 without @entity25 (4.3%) were involved in unscheduled re-admission. @entity1 with @entity25 were almost five times more likely to have an unscheduled re-admission due to cardiovascular events (adjusted odds ratio: 4.63, 95% CI: 1.24-17.31, p  =  0.023) than those without @entity25 . CONCLUSIONS: Sleep apnoea was prevalent and predictive of unscheduled re-admissions in @entity1 scheduled for CABG.

title: Sleep apnoea and unscheduled re-admission in XXXX undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnoea']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to define the predictors and prognosis of @entity86 in @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. BACKGROUND: Angina recurs in the first postoperative year in 20% to 30% of @entity1 after coronary artery bypass surgery. The Coronary Artery Surgery Study Registry provides an opportunity to study the predictors and prognosis of @entity86 in a large sample. METHODS: All @entity1 with isolated coronary artery bypass surgery in the registry were identified, and anginal status was determined on a yearly basis. The influence of @entity951 on mortality, recurrent @entity583 and need for reoperation was determined. RESULTS: Angina recurred in the first year in 24% of @entity1 and by the sixth year in 40%. The significant predictors in a multivariate analysis were minimal @entity453 , @entity951 , use of vein grafts only, previous @entity583 , incomplete revascularization, female gender, smoking and younger age. In subsequent years important predictors were @entity951 in the first postoperative year, female gender, younger age and incomplete revascularization. The presence of @entity951 in the first postoperative year was associated with more frequent @entity583 (p = 0.04) and greater need for reoperation (p = 0.003) but did not affect survival during the 6-year follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that the predictors of @entity86 are features that are or could be predicted before bypass surgery. Thus, @entity1 with these features before bypass surgery could be advised that they would be more likely to experience @entity86 than those without these features. @entity86 is associated with an increased risk of late @entity583 and reoperation.

title: Recurrence of XXXX after coronary artery bypass surgery: predictors and prognosis (CASS Registry). Coronary Artery Surgery Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative angina', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative angina', 'Postoperative angina']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['angina']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, diminished @entity379 ( @entity379 ) and increased interleukin ( @entity3646 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from @entity1097 @entity1 have been described by several groups, measured as total cytokine content in culture supernatants. These studies suggested a predominance of TH2-like cells producing large amounts of @entity3646 in @entity1097 @entity1 . It is not clear whether the reported cytokine imbalances are the result of an alteration in the distribution of specific T-cell subsets or whether @entity4329 in cytokine production is a characteristic of @entity1097 individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the production of @entity379 , and @entity1199 in PBMCs from @entity1097 @entity1 at the single cell level with the use of freshly isolated lymphocytes. METHODS: We recently described a flow cytometric assay in which three-color analysis was used to study the production of a cytokine of interest in a T-cell subpopulation defined by two cell surface markers. PBMCs from 23 @entity1097 @entity1 and 14 control subjects were stimulated with @entity4621 and @entity1360 for 5 hours. PBMCs from seven @entity1 and seven control subjects were also cultured with immobilized anti-CD3 antibodies for 24 hours. Cells were fixed, made permeable, and stained for intracellular cytokines in combination with cell surface markers CD3, @entity405 , and CD45RO. Cytokine-producing cells were analyzed by gating on T-cell subsets. RESULTS: @entity379 -producing cells were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in CD4+ T cells but not in @entity405 + T cells of @entity1097 @entity1 . CD45R0+ and CD45R0-T cells showed a decreased proportion of @entity379 -producing cells (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). @entity1199 production was diminished in all T-cell subsets (p < 0.01). The number of @entity3646 -producing cells was not elevated, and such cells were exclusively found in the CD45RO+ T cells. Analysis of culture supernatants of sorted CD45RO+ T cells for @entity3646 and @entity379 production confirmed these results. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that a reduced @entity379 production in @entity1097 @entity1 is due to an intrinsic defect selectively found in the CD4+ T cells. Because @entity1199 production was markedly decreased but @entity3646 production was unchanged, our data demonstrate a deficiency in the ability of @entity1619 cells to produce @entity1198 -like cytokines on stimulation with @entity4621 , @entity1360 , or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies.

title: Decreased frequency of @entity379 - and XXXX -producing cells in @entity1 with atopic diseases measured at the single cell level.

entities_list: @entity4329 :: ('MESH:C563242', 'Disease') :: ['intrinsic dysregulation']

entities_list: @entity4621 :: ('CHEBI:37532', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol ester']

entities_list: @entity1360 :: ('MESH:D015759', 'Chemical') :: ['ionomycin']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma', 'interferon-gamma']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, diminished @entity379 ( @entity379 ) and increased interleukin ( @entity3646 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from @entity1097 @entity1 have been described by several groups, measured as total cytokine content in culture supernatants. These studies suggested a predominance of TH2-like cells producing large amounts of @entity3646 in @entity1097 @entity1 . It is not clear whether the reported cytokine imbalances are the result of an alteration in the distribution of specific T-cell subsets or whether @entity4329 in cytokine production is a characteristic of @entity1097 individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the production of @entity379 , and @entity1199 in PBMCs from @entity1097 @entity1 at the single cell level with the use of freshly isolated lymphocytes. METHODS: We recently described a flow cytometric assay in which three-color analysis was used to study the production of a cytokine of interest in a T-cell subpopulation defined by two cell surface markers. PBMCs from 23 @entity1097 @entity1 and 14 control subjects were stimulated with @entity4621 and @entity1360 for 5 hours. PBMCs from seven @entity1 and seven control subjects were also cultured with immobilized anti-CD3 antibodies for 24 hours. Cells were fixed, made permeable, and stained for intracellular cytokines in combination with cell surface markers CD3, @entity405 , and CD45RO. Cytokine-producing cells were analyzed by gating on T-cell subsets. RESULTS: @entity379 -producing cells were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in CD4+ T cells but not in @entity405 + T cells of @entity1097 @entity1 . CD45R0+ and CD45R0-T cells showed a decreased proportion of @entity379 -producing cells (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). @entity1199 production was diminished in all T-cell subsets (p < 0.01). The number of @entity3646 -producing cells was not elevated, and such cells were exclusively found in the CD45RO+ T cells. Analysis of culture supernatants of sorted CD45RO+ T cells for @entity3646 and @entity379 production confirmed these results. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that a reduced @entity379 production in @entity1097 @entity1 is due to an intrinsic defect selectively found in the CD4+ T cells. Because @entity1199 production was markedly decreased but @entity3646 production was unchanged, our data demonstrate a deficiency in the ability of @entity1619 cells to produce @entity1198 -like cytokines on stimulation with @entity4621 , @entity1360 , or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies.

title: Decreased frequency of XXXX - and @entity1199 -producing cells in @entity1 with atopic diseases measured at the single cell level.

answer: @entity379 :: (3458,Gene) :: ['interferon-gamma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, diminished @entity379 ( @entity379 ) and increased interleukin ( @entity3646 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from @entity1097 @entity1 have been described by several groups, measured as total cytokine content in culture supernatants. These studies suggested a predominance of TH2-like cells producing large amounts of @entity3646 in @entity1097 @entity1 . It is not clear whether the reported cytokine imbalances are the result of an alteration in the distribution of specific T-cell subsets or whether @entity4329 in cytokine production is a characteristic of @entity1097 individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the production of @entity379 , and @entity1199 in PBMCs from @entity1097 @entity1 at the single cell level with the use of freshly isolated lymphocytes. METHODS: We recently described a flow cytometric assay in which three-color analysis was used to study the production of a cytokine of interest in a T-cell subpopulation defined by two cell surface markers. PBMCs from 23 @entity1097 @entity1 and 14 control subjects were stimulated with @entity4621 and @entity1360 for 5 hours. PBMCs from seven @entity1 and seven control subjects were also cultured with immobilized anti-CD3 antibodies for 24 hours. Cells were fixed, made permeable, and stained for intracellular cytokines in combination with cell surface markers CD3, @entity405 , and CD45RO. Cytokine-producing cells were analyzed by gating on T-cell subsets. RESULTS: @entity379 -producing cells were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in CD4+ T cells but not in @entity405 + T cells of @entity1097 @entity1 . CD45R0+ and CD45R0-T cells showed a decreased proportion of @entity379 -producing cells (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). @entity1199 production was diminished in all T-cell subsets (p < 0.01). The number of @entity3646 -producing cells was not elevated, and such cells were exclusively found in the CD45RO+ T cells. Analysis of culture supernatants of sorted CD45RO+ T cells for @entity3646 and @entity379 production confirmed these results. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that a reduced @entity379 production in @entity1097 @entity1 is due to an intrinsic defect selectively found in the CD4+ T cells. Because @entity1199 production was markedly decreased but @entity3646 production was unchanged, our data demonstrate a deficiency in the ability of @entity1619 cells to produce @entity1198 -like cytokines on stimulation with @entity4621 , @entity1360 , or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies.

title: Decreased frequency of @entity379 - and @entity1199 -producing cells in XXXX with atopic diseases measured at the single cell level.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between tissue cytokine expression and the cellular infiltrate present in chronic @entity1244 with @entity1412 ( @entity13277 /NP) and to compare the immunopathology and cytokine profile of @entity1 with @entity566 versus @entity1 without @entity566 . METHODS: Nasal polyp tissue samples from 12 @entity1 with @entity13277 /NP and nasal turbinate biopsy specimens from 10 normal control @entity1 were examined for the expression of @entity3646 , @entity1199 , and @entity379 cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) species by in situ hybridization. These data were analyzed in conjunction with data previously reported for the cytokine mRNA species @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ), @entity2772 , and @entity225 and the immunocytochemical profile of the inflammatory cell infiltrate. @entity1 with @entity566 were distinguished from those without @entity566 on the basis of @entity566 skin tests. RESULTS: Tissue @entity1712 was a prominent feature of both @entity56 and nonallergic @entity13277 /NP and correlated in both subgroups with the density of @entity2841 and @entity2772 mRNA+ cells. In comparison with normal controls, @entity1 with @entity56 @entity13277 /NP had significantly higher @entity13277 /NP had significantly higher tissue densities of @entity2841 , @entity2772 , @entity3646 , and @entity225 (p < or = 0.025). In contrast, @entity1 with nonallergic @entity13277 /NP had significantly higher tissue densities of @entity2841 , @entity2772 , and @entity379 (p < or = 0.001). The @entity56 and nonallergic subgroups showed distinct cytokine profiles with the most distinguishing cytokines of the @entity56 subgroup being @entity3646 (p = 0.001) and @entity225 (p = 0.017) and of the nonallergic subgroup being @entity379 (p = 0.004). Furthermore, @entity1 with @entity56 @entity13277 /NP showed an increased density of CD3+ T lymphocytes compared with either controls or @entity1 with nonallergic @entity13277 /NP (p = 0.03). The density of CD3+ T lymphocytes was the only significant difference between @entity1 with @entity56 and nonallergic @entity13277 /NP. A clinical history of @entity117 sensitivity was strongly correlated with nonallergic @entity13277 /NP, as well as the nonallergic @entity13277 /NP profile of cytokines, including @entity379 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that distinct mechanisms of @entity1712 exist in @entity1 with @entity56 versus nonallergic @entity13277 /NP. The @entity56 mechanism involves production of TH2-type cytokines, including @entity2841 , @entity2772 , @entity3646 , and @entity225 , by infiltrating T lymphocytes. The nonallergic mechanism remains unknown but does involve production of @entity2841 , @entity2772 , and @entity379 . However, nonallergic @entity1712 is independent of @entity3646 and @entity225 , cytokines that contribute to tissue @entity1712 in @entity32 . Aspirin sensitivity is strongly correlated with nonallergic @entity13277 /NP and production of the nonallergic @entity13277 /NP profile of cytokines, including @entity379 .

title: Evidence for distinct cytokine expression in XXXX versus nonallergic chronic @entity1244 .

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['allergic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma', 'interferon (IFN)-gamma']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyposis']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor', 'GM-CSF']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between tissue cytokine expression and the cellular infiltrate present in chronic @entity1244 with @entity1412 ( @entity13277 /NP) and to compare the immunopathology and cytokine profile of @entity1 with @entity566 versus @entity1 without @entity566 . METHODS: Nasal polyp tissue samples from 12 @entity1 with @entity13277 /NP and nasal turbinate biopsy specimens from 10 normal control @entity1 were examined for the expression of @entity3646 , @entity1199 , and @entity379 cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) species by in situ hybridization. These data were analyzed in conjunction with data previously reported for the cytokine mRNA species @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ), @entity2772 , and @entity225 and the immunocytochemical profile of the inflammatory cell infiltrate. @entity1 with @entity566 were distinguished from those without @entity566 on the basis of @entity566 skin tests. RESULTS: Tissue @entity1712 was a prominent feature of both @entity56 and nonallergic @entity13277 /NP and correlated in both subgroups with the density of @entity2841 and @entity2772 mRNA+ cells. In comparison with normal controls, @entity1 with @entity56 @entity13277 /NP had significantly higher @entity13277 /NP had significantly higher tissue densities of @entity2841 , @entity2772 , @entity3646 , and @entity225 (p < or = 0.025). In contrast, @entity1 with nonallergic @entity13277 /NP had significantly higher tissue densities of @entity2841 , @entity2772 , and @entity379 (p < or = 0.001). The @entity56 and nonallergic subgroups showed distinct cytokine profiles with the most distinguishing cytokines of the @entity56 subgroup being @entity3646 (p = 0.001) and @entity225 (p = 0.017) and of the nonallergic subgroup being @entity379 (p = 0.004). Furthermore, @entity1 with @entity56 @entity13277 /NP showed an increased density of CD3+ T lymphocytes compared with either controls or @entity1 with nonallergic @entity13277 /NP (p = 0.03). The density of CD3+ T lymphocytes was the only significant difference between @entity1 with @entity56 and nonallergic @entity13277 /NP. A clinical history of @entity117 sensitivity was strongly correlated with nonallergic @entity13277 /NP, as well as the nonallergic @entity13277 /NP profile of cytokines, including @entity379 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that distinct mechanisms of @entity1712 exist in @entity1 with @entity56 versus nonallergic @entity13277 /NP. The @entity56 mechanism involves production of TH2-type cytokines, including @entity2841 , @entity2772 , @entity3646 , and @entity225 , by infiltrating T lymphocytes. The nonallergic mechanism remains unknown but does involve production of @entity2841 , @entity2772 , and @entity379 . However, nonallergic @entity1712 is independent of @entity3646 and @entity225 , cytokines that contribute to tissue @entity1712 in @entity32 . Aspirin sensitivity is strongly correlated with nonallergic @entity13277 /NP and production of the nonallergic @entity13277 /NP profile of cytokines, including @entity379 .

title: Evidence for distinct cytokine expression in @entity56 versus nonallergic chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity1244 :: (MESH:D012852,Disease) :: ['sinusitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the reliability of instruments used in clinical trials involving @entity73 older adults when the instruments are administered in-home rather than in-clinic and to compare withdrawal rates is these two groups. DESIGN: This study was part of a larger n-of-1 clinical trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of a @entity11926 inhibitor ( @entity51265 ) in @entity1 with @entity195 . @entity1 were initially assessed at the clinic (baseline) and then randomly allocated to in-home or in-clinic assessments for the remainder of the trial. The baseline and second assessment (performed before initiation of the treatment) were used for the reliability analysis. Withdrawal rates were examined over the course of the 6-month trial. SETTING: Assessments took place at a geriatric clinic in an urban university teaching hospital and at residences of some of the @entity1 . @entity1 : Forty-six @entity195 @entity1 participated in the study, of which, 22 were randomized to in-home assessments and 24 to in-clinic assessments. MEASUREMENTS: Test-retest reliability was measured for all five instruments used in the study and was based on the first two assessments. Sample size requirements, based on within-group variance, were calculated. Withdrawal rates were obtained for the total duration of the trial. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability of the instruments, as determined by intraclass correlations, was good in both groups but favored in-clinic for all but one instrument (range: 0.47-0.90 for in-home vs 0.57-0.92 for in-clinic). Sample size requirements based on reliability assessment data were found to be larger for some instruments when administered in-home. Only four in-home @entity1 withdrew before completion of the study, compared with eight in-clinic @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The results suggest the in-home assessments in @entity73 older adults may result in lower withdrawal rates but may necessitate larger sample sizes to offset larger test-retest variability.

title: Clinical trials in XXXX older adults: home versus clinic assessments.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitively impaired']

entities_list: @entity51265 :: ('MESH:C038213', 'Chemical') :: ['Brofaromine']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitively impaired']


abstract: @entity29986 of the posterior arch of the atlas (C1), a developmental failure of chondrogenesis, is a rare @entity154 and may range from partial clefts to total agenesis of the posterior arch. Ossification of the posterior arch usually occurs between the 3rd and 5th years of life. The incidence of @entity6127 of the atlas is between 0.69% and 2.95%. For the evaluation of the @entity1 , cervical lateral plain radiography, 2D or 3D reconstructed CT and MRI are very useful and important tools in initial diagnosis. Surgery is the treatment of choice in symptomatic compression. Excision of the posterior arch is performed. during surgery. After the surgery, @entity1 may be followed up for instability and treated as necessary. A @entity1 , admitted to the emergency department with @entity135 after a traffic accident is presented in this article. @entity24966 was determined after detailed imagining studies and the radiology department consulted. When @entity3799 are found in a young @entity1 , the @entity1 should be evaluated in detail with advanced radiological studies to avoid misinterpretation as fractures, @entity155 , @entity3061 or instability. Consulting a radiologist could help making an accurate diagnosis and deciding on current therapeutic interventions.

title: XXXX of the posterior arch of the atlas: case report and extensive review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck trauma']

entities_list: @entity24966 :: ('MESH:C565170', 'Disease') :: ['C1 hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['upper cervical anomalies']

entities_list: @entity3061 :: ('MESH:D010014', 'Disease') :: ['osteolysis']

entities_list: @entity29986 :: ('OMIM:300200', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['luxation']

entities_list: @entity6127 :: ('MESH:D007569', 'Disease') :: ['posterior arch anomalies']

answer: @entity29986 :: (OMIM:300200,Disease) :: ['Congenital hypoplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The purpose of this study was to clarify changes in the graft hemodynamics induced by @entity455 in living related liver transplantation. METHODS: This study included 46 pediatric recipients who underwent partial liver transplantation from living related donors. The blood flow was evaluated in the portal system, the hepatic artery and the hepatic vein with serial intra- and post-operative Doppler ultrasound (US). RESULTS: In 12 @entity1 , intraoperative Doppler US showed a decrease in portal venous inflow (< 9 ml.min-1.kg-1) toward the liver graft and could act as a guide for ligation of collaterals in seven @entity1 , portal re-construction in two, thrombectomy in one and relief of @entity3181 in two for increasing the portal venous inflow. In five @entity1 , intraoperative Doppler US showed poor arterial inflow, i.e. dampened arterial waveforms which involved both low pulsatility index (< 0.90) and low peak-systolic velocity (< 31 cm/s). In three of them, the waveform was more pulsatile after re- @entity254 or relief from stretching of the hepatic artery. The remaining two @entity1 developed @entity715 . Most of the @entity3181 (four of five @entity1 ) had flat waveforms, low flow velocity (< 10 cm/s) of the hepatic vein, and poor portal inflow (flow velocity < 14 cm/s). Postoperative Doppler US showed @entity3181 in three @entity1 , @entity715 in three (twice in one @entity1 ), @entity6315 in two and portal vein @entity715 in one. These complications were successfully managed with surgical procedures in three @entity1 , transhepatic angioplasty in three and conservative treatments in four. Six @entity1 died of @entity455 . CONCLUSIONS: Serial intra- and post-operative Doppler US was a useful technique for making an early diagnosis of abnormal hemodynamics of the graft circulation. Furthermore, intraoperative Doppler US could assess reconstructed vessels objectively and would reduce the incidence of @entity455 following transplantation.

title: XXXX in living related liver transplantation detected with intraoperative and postoperative Doppler US.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications', 'non-vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic venous outflow obstruction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'hepatic artery thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity6315 :: ('MESH:C563407', 'Disease') :: ['portal vein stenosis']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['Vascular complications']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1167 is often fatal and can be extremely stressful to @entity1 , even if spontaneous rhythm is returned. The purpose of this study was to analyze the hormonal response after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). METHODS: This is a retrospective review of the chart and laboratory findings in a single medical facility. The @entity1 admitted to the intensive care unit after successful resuscitation after out-of-hospital @entity1167 were retrospectively identified and evaluated. @entity1 with @entity66 , @entity1 who received @entity701 treatment, those experiencing @entity130 , and pregnant @entity1 were excluded. Serum @entity701 , @entity4545 (ACTH), and anti-diuretic hormone ( @entity6085 (vasopressin)) were analyzed and a corticotropin-stimulation test was performed. Mortality at one week and one month after admission, and neurologic outcome (cerebral performance category (CPC)) one month after admission were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 117 @entity1 , including 84 males (71.8%), were evaluated in this study. One week and one month after admission, 87 (74.4%) and 65 @entity1 (55.6%) survived, respectively. Relative @entity1887 , and higher plasma ACTH and @entity6085 levels were associated with shock-related mortality (P = 0.046, 0.005, and 0.037, respectively), and ACTH and @entity6085 levels were also associated with late mortality (P = 0.002 and 0.004, respectively). @entity1 with relative @entity1887 , ACTH    5 pg/mL, and @entity6085    30 pg/mL, had a two-fold increased risk of a poor outcome (shock-related mortality): (odds ratio (OR), 2.601 and 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.015 to 6.664; OR, 2.759 and 95% CI, 1.060 to 7.185; OR, 2.576 and 95% CI, 1.051 to 6.313, respectively). Thirty-five @entity1 (29.9%) had a good CPC (1 to 2), and 82 @entity1 (70.1%) had a bad CPC (3 to 5). Age    50 years and an @entity6085    30 pg/mL were associated with a bad CPC (OR, 4.564 and 95% CI, 1.794 to 11.612; OR, 6.568 and 95% CI, 1.918 to 22.483, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 with relative @entity1887 and higher blood levels of ACTH and @entity6085 upon ROSC after @entity1167 had a poor outcome. The effectiveness of administration of @entity701 and @entity6085 to @entity1 upon ROSC after @entity1167 is uncertain and additional studies are needed.

title: Hormonal responses upon return of spontaneous circulation after XXXX : a retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['hormonal diseases']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'Cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: The nationwide Danish @entity547 Database, recording more than 10,000 inguinal and 400 @entity18659 repairs annually, provides a unique opportunity to present valid recommendations in the management of Danish @entity1 with groin @entity547 . The cumulated data have been discussed at biannual meetings and guidelines have been approved by the Danish Surgical Society. Diagnosis of groin @entity547 is based on clinical examination. Ultrasonography, CT or MRI are rarely needed, while herniography is not recommended. In @entity1 with indicative symptoms of @entity547 , but no detectable @entity547 , diagnostic laparoscopy may be an option. Once diagnosed, @entity547 repair is recommended in the presence of symptoms affecting daily life. In male @entity1 with minimal or absent symptoms watchful waiting is recommended. In females, however, repair is recommended also in asymptomatic @entity1 . In male @entity1 with primary unilateral or bilateral groin @entity547 the preferred method is mesh repair, either at open surgery (Lichtenstein) or laparoscopically, irrespective of age. Conventional tension-producing methods like Bassini, McVay or Shouldice are no longer recommended in a routine elective setting. Whether repair should be done by open or laparoscopic technique, depends on local expertise, economical considerations and @entity1 preference. Compared to the Lichtenstein operation laparoscopic repair is associated with less acute @entity158 and faster recovery. Furthermore, available data suggest less chronic long-term @entity158 after laparoscopic repair. In female @entity1 laparoscopic repair is the recommended method. In @entity1 with recurrent @entity547 repair is preferred in @entity1 with a previous open repair, while @entity1 with recurrence after laparoscopic repair should undergo open mesh repair. In open repair it is recommended to use a mesh secured with a nonabsorbable monofilament suture. In laparoscopic repair a mesh without a slit and with a minimum size of 15 by 10 cm is used. For mesh fixation absorbable or nonabsorbable tacks or glue can be used. Elective surgery for groin @entity547 should be performed in an outpatient setting, using cost-effective local anaesthesia in open mesh repair and general anaesthesia for laparoscopic repair. Spinal anaesthesia is not recommended. Routine prophylactic antibiotics are not indicated. In the early convalescence period there are no physical restrictions. These guidelines will also be available at the website for the Danish @entity547 Database (www.herniedatabasen.dk). The guidelines will be updated when new substantial evidence becomes available.

title: Danish @entity547 Database recommendations for the management of XXXX in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity18659 :: ('MESH:D006550', 'Disease') :: ['femoral hernia']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['Hernia', 'hernia', 'hernia laparoscopic']

answer: @entity18659 :: (MESH:D006550,Disease) :: ['inguinal and femoral hernia']