abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the validity of individual and combined prognostic effects of severe @entity2107 ( @entity2107 ), @entity1545 , @entity989 ( @entity989 ), and parenteral nutrition associated @entity1448 (PNAC). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 80 extremely low birthweight (ELBW) @entity1 admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the Severance @entity1 's Hospital, and who survived to a postmenstrual age of 36 weeks. We analyzed the relationship between 4 neonatal morbidities (severe @entity2107 , severe @entity1545 , severe @entity989 , and severe PNAC) and poor outcome. Poor outcome indicated @entity204 after a postmenstrual age of 36 weeks or survival with @entity73 ( @entity306 , @entity245 , @entity393 , or @entity1939 ) between 18 and 24 months of corrected age. RESULTS: Each neonatal morbidity correlated with poor outcome on univariate analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratios (OR) were 4.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-22.6; P=0.044) for severe @entity2107 , 13.2 (3.0-57.3; P<.001) for severe @entity1545 , 5.3 (1.6-18.1; P=0.007) for severe @entity989 , and 3.4 (0.5-22.7; P=0.215) for severe PNAC. Severe @entity2107 , @entity1545 , and @entity989 were significantly correlated with poor outcome, but not severe PNAC. By increasing the morbidity count, the rate of poor outcome was significantly increased (OR 5.2; 95% CI, 2.2-11.9; P<.001). In @entity1 free of the above-mentioned morbidities, the rate of poor outcome was 9%, while the corresponding rates in @entity1 with 1, 2, and more than 3 neonatal morbidities were 46%, 69%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In ELBW @entity1 3 common neonatal mornidifies, severe @entity2107 , @entity1545 and @entity989 , strongly predicts the risk of poor outcome.

title: Effect of severe neonatal morbidities on long term outcome in extremely low birthweight XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['neurosensory impairment']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['delayed development']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary dysplasia', 'BPD']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy of prematurity', 'ROP']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: PURPOSE: Peri-radicular injection is a widely used procedure for treating @entity158 , but it remains unclear what types of lumbar pathologies respond well to this treatment. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of peri-radicular injection for @entity179 and to determine what types of pathologies respond well to this treatment. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 641 consecutive @entity1 who underwent peri-radicular injection for @entity179 with mean follow-up of 23.4 months. The pathologies included @entity890 in 286 @entity1 , @entity612 in 141, degenerative spondylolisthesis in 136, failed back surgery in 24, isthmic spondylolisthesis in 22, @entity179 in 18, and foraminal @entity850 in 14. Outcome measure was whether or not surgery is avoided by using peri-radicular injection. The rate of obviating surgery was determined in each pathology. RESULTS: Peri-radicular injection obviated surgeries in 331 @entity1 (51.7%). There were no complications related to the procedure, including @entity16 , infection, and haematoma. The rate of obviating surgery was 42.0% in disc herniation, 52.9% in degenerative spondylolisthesis, 67.4% in @entity612 , 54.5% in isthmic spondylolisthesis, 57.1% in foraminal @entity850 , 61.1% in @entity179 and 54.1% in failed back surgery. Poor outcomes were observed in @entity890 with @entity612 (17.9% success), @entity890 (33.3%), recurrent disc herniation (18.2%) and failed back surgery with instability (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that 51.7% of @entity1 with @entity179 were successfully treated by peri-radicular injection. Efficacy was limited in cases of @entity890 with @entity612 , @entity890 , recurrent disc herniation and failed back surgery with instability.

title: What types of XXXX respond to nerve root injection? A retrospective review of six hundred and forty one cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity612 :: ('MESH:D013130', 'Disease') :: ['spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative scoliosis', 'degenerative lumbar disorders', 'degenerative lumbar pathologies']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar radicular pain']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['herniated disc', 'foraminal disc herniation']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['degenerative lumbar pathologies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity73 in @entity15 ( @entity15 ) is well recognized, being documented even in the earliest stages of the disease. @entity46057 ( @entity46057 ) are frequently used to address bladdder symptoms in this population. @entity46057 are known for their deleterious cognitive effects in older individuals; however their potential impact on cognition has received less attention in the context of @entity15 . OBJECTIVE: To explore possible detrimental effects of bladder-directed @entity46057 on cognitive functioning in @entity15 . METHODS: 42 @entity15 @entity1 who had been on classical, bladder-directed @entity46057 for >= 6 months were compared to 46 @entity1 not receiving @entity46057 , in terms of their scores on Symbol Digit Modality Test (SDMT) and Selective Reminding Test (SRT). @entity1 also completed questionnaires for fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale - MFIS) and @entity308 (Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen - BDIFS). RESULTS: @entity1 using @entity46057 showed significantly lower SDMT and SRT scores compared to those not using @entity46057 (p<0.001; t-test). The association of lower cognitive test performance with @entity46057 usage was robust, even when other variables (like age, gender, EDSS, etc.) were considered. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that chronic use of classical @entity46057 for @entity1494 may have a negative impact on cognitive functioning in @entity15 @entity1 . These potential cognitive side effects need to be considered both in clinical practice and research settings.

title: Cognitive impact of anticholinergic medication in XXXX : Adding insult to injury?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder symptoms']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity46057 :: ('MESH:D064807', 'Disease') :: ['Anticholinergic drugs', 'ACD']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'Multiple Sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Assessing prescription patterns of @entity565 medication for @entity1 is helpful to optimize prescribing by general practitioners (GPs). The aim was to explore prescription patterns in @entity1 with physician-diagnosed @entity565 and its determinants in general practice. METHODS: We used the Second Dutch National Survey of General Practice (DNSGP-2) with @entity1 aged 0-17 years registered in 87 general practices. All @entity1 with at least one @entity565 prescription were included (n = 2993). Prescription rates and prescription of continuous (>= 3 prescriptions/year) versus intermittent @entity565 medication were calculated. Data, including several GP characteristics, were analysed using multivariate logistic regression accounting for clustering within practices. RESULTS: During one year, 16% of the @entity1 with physician-diagnosed @entity565 (n = 3562) received no @entity565 medication. Of the 2993 @entity1 with @entity565 receiving @entity565 medication (on average 2.9 prescriptions/year), 61% received one or two prescriptions, 39% received three or more. Continuous medication with a bronchodilator and/or a corticosteroid was prescribed in 22% of these @entity1 . One out of 5 @entity1 receiving continuous medication was prescribed a bronchodilator only. In 7.5% of the prescriptions, @entity565 medications other than bronchodilators or @entity288 were prescribed. Prescribing @entity565 medication varied widely between practices, but none of the @entity1 and GP determinants had an independent effect on prescribing continuous versus intermittent medication. CONCLUSION: In general practice, the annual number of @entity565 prescriptions per @entity1 with @entity565 is relatively low. One in 20 @entity1 is prescribed bronchodilators only continuously, indicating room for improvement. @entity1 and GP characteristics cannot be used for targeting educational efforts.

title: Asthma prescription patterns for XXXX : can GPs do better?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: CONCLUSION: Electroporation therapy appears to be a safe treatment achieving excellent @entity5 control and very good functional results in our study and it should be further clinically evaluated. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess @entity5 control, survival, and effects on speech and eating after treatment of @entity5 with electroporation therapy, a new local therapeutic modality. In this approach intracellular accumulation of a chemotherapeutic agent is achieved by using a locally applied electrical field. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 with primary T1 and T2 @entity5 were treated with electroporation therapy with intratumorally administered @entity1732 . Postoperative radiotherapy was performed when the @entity5 infiltration was 5 mm or more. The follow-up time was 24 months for the surviving @entity1 and 20.4 months overall. The effects on eating and speech were assessed using the PSS-HN scale and voice recordings. RESULTS: No local recurrence was recorded in any @entity1 during the follow-up. Three @entity1 died, two from progressive regional disease. Of the 12 surviving @entity1 , 2 @entity1 had regional recurrence and 10 @entity1 including the 5 @entity1 treated with EPT alone were @entity5 -free both locally and regionally at the last follow-up. The functional outcome for speech and eating were very good.

title: Electroporation therapy for T1 and T2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'oral tongue cancer', 'tongue cancer', 'local tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['oral tongue cancer']


abstract: Background Improving nutritional care and support for @entity1 living with @entity645 (PLHIV) is an integral part of comprehensive @entity645 treatment according to the National Nutritional Strategy of Ethiopia. However, there is no adequate published study that assesses the nutritional care and support services for adult @entity1 living with @entity645 / @entity791 (PLHIV) in this setting. Objective The objective of the study was to identify the existing nutritional care and support services and determine the challenges facing adults living with @entity645 at Hawassa Referral Hospital in southern Ethiopia. Methods A qualitative study was carried out using @entity1585 ( @entity1585 ), in-depth interviews and @entity1 observation. Four FDGs were held and five in-depth interviews were conducted. A two-week @entity1 observation was also conducted by trained nurses. All interviews and FDGs were tape-recorded and transcribed; those conducted in Amharic were translated back to English. Finally thematic analysis of the transcripts was performed. Results Most of the FDG @entity1 were unsatisfied with their nutritional care and support services and expressed difficulty with disclosing their @entity645 status for fear of stigma and discrimination. The in-depth interviews and @entity1 observation showed results similar to those of the FDG. Some key informants expressed a fear that such poor nutritional care and support may threaten the quality of life of @entity1 living with @entity645 and suggested that all stakeholders work on improving the services. Conclusion Current nutritional care and support services for @entity1 living with @entity645 are not well coordinated. They focus mainly on monthly supplementation of antiretroviral drugs and occasional handouts of food. The need to provide health education on antiretroviral drugs and nutrition, and to emphasise strategies aimed at improving the nutritional status of @entity1 living with @entity645 is critical. Furthermore, the study recommended strengthening the initiatives of some organisations regarding sustainable income-generating activities.

title: Nutritional care and support among adults living with XXXX at Hawassa Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia: A qualitative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'people', 'peoples']

entities_list: @entity1585 :: ('MESH:D065703', 'Disease') :: ['FGDs', 'focus group discussions']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently a number of preclinical studies have sparked interest in the concept of exploiting conventional chemotherapeutic drugs as antiangiogenics. Such antiangiogenic activity is achieved by metronomic-dosing (low-dose) protocols. This new target may have some advantages in avoiding @entity137 and resistance caused by chemotherapeutic drugs. This study is to test the efficacy of continuous low-dose @entity786 ( @entity3525 ) for antiangiogenic effect on @entity2 , and investigate its antitumor effect and @entity137 . METHODS: C57/BL6 @entity19 bearing @entity2 were randomly divided into three groups, receiving low-dose metronomic (LDM) @entity3525 , maximum tolerated dose (MTD) @entity3525 therapy and saline respectively. @entity5 , @entity353 , peripheral white blood cell counts and survival of @entity19 were monitored in each group. At the end of experiment, @entity5 were resected for immunohistochemical staining. Tumor microvascular density (MVD) and @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) level were detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: MVD and @entity1611 expression of @entity5 were much lower in the @entity19 received LDM @entity3525 therapy than those in control group and MTD @entity3525 group (P < 0.05). During the experiment, growth delays of @entity5 were found in the @entity19 received LDM @entity3525 therapy, without apparent body @entity353 or @entity1431 , and the survival of @entity19 was remarkably prolonged, compared with @entity19 received MTD @entity3525 therapy (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The continuous low-dose regimen of @entity3525 can significantly increase the therapeutic activity with decreased @entity137 and @entity2 . It may act as an antiangiogenic and lead to less drug resistance.

title: [Antiangiogenic effect of continuous low-dose chemotherapy on XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor growth', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['prolonged animal survival for lung cancer', 'Lewis lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lewis lung carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether the width of the @entity989 ( @entity989 ) trajectory was associated with the presence of a @entity937 ( @entity937 ). METHODS: A retrospective cross sectional case-control study was performed. The fundus photographs were rotated 90 degrees, and the coordinates of the best fit curve of the @entity989 trajectory were determined automatically based on these plots using the ImageJ program. The converted coordinates were fit to a second degree polynomial (ax2/100 + bx + c) equation. The width and steepness of the @entity989 trajectory, "a", of the eyes with a @entity937 eye were compared to that of the fellow eyes. RESULTS: One hundred and ten eyes of 55 consecutive @entity1 (30 @entity1 ) with a unilateral @entity937 and healthy fellow eyes were analyzed. The mean age was 64.9 years (range 47-81 years). The constant 'a' was significantly smaller in eyes with a @entity937 than that of the fellow eyes (0.379    0.094 vs 0.416    0.121, P = 0.001, paired t test), indicating that the @entity989 trajectory was wider in the @entity735 . There was a significant correlation between the axial length and 'a' of the @entity989 trajectory in the @entity937 eyes (R = 0.273, P = 0.044) and in the fellow eyes (R = 0.356, P = 0.008; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient). CONCLUSIONS: Because eyes with a @entity937 have a significantly wider and flatter @entity989 trajectory, there may be greater traction on the fovea which is located between the @entity989 arches. The causative role of this finding is still unclear.

title: Wider Retinal Artery Trajectories in Eyes with Macular Hole Than in Fellow Eyes of @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['MH eyes than in the fellow eyes']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['macular hole', 'MH']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal artery', 'RA']

answer: @entity937 :: (MESH:D012167,Disease) :: ['Unilateral Idiopathic Macular Hole']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether the width of the @entity989 ( @entity989 ) trajectory was associated with the presence of a @entity937 ( @entity937 ). METHODS: A retrospective cross sectional case-control study was performed. The fundus photographs were rotated 90 degrees, and the coordinates of the best fit curve of the @entity989 trajectory were determined automatically based on these plots using the ImageJ program. The converted coordinates were fit to a second degree polynomial (ax2/100 + bx + c) equation. The width and steepness of the @entity989 trajectory, "a", of the eyes with a @entity937 eye were compared to that of the fellow eyes. RESULTS: One hundred and ten eyes of 55 consecutive @entity1 (30 @entity1 ) with a unilateral @entity937 and healthy fellow eyes were analyzed. The mean age was 64.9 years (range 47-81 years). The constant 'a' was significantly smaller in eyes with a @entity937 than that of the fellow eyes (0.379    0.094 vs 0.416    0.121, P = 0.001, paired t test), indicating that the @entity989 trajectory was wider in the @entity735 . There was a significant correlation between the axial length and 'a' of the @entity989 trajectory in the @entity937 eyes (R = 0.273, P = 0.044) and in the fellow eyes (R = 0.356, P = 0.008; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient). CONCLUSIONS: Because eyes with a @entity937 have a significantly wider and flatter @entity989 trajectory, there may be greater traction on the fovea which is located between the @entity989 arches. The causative role of this finding is still unclear.

title: Wider Retinal Artery Trajectories in Eyes with Macular Hole Than in Fellow Eyes of XXXX with @entity937 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since 1981 Princess Margaret Hospital has used initial @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) with delayed treatment at relapse as the preferred management for all @entity1 with clinical stage I nonseminomatous @entity2971 (NSGCT). OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to report our overall @entity3457 experience and compare outcomes over different periods using this non-risk-adapted approach. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Three hundred and seventy-one @entity1 with stage I NSGCT were managed by @entity3457 from 1981 to 2005. For analysis by time period, @entity1 were divided into two cohorts by diagnosis date: initial cohort, 1981-1992 (n=157), and recent cohort, 1993-2005 (n=214). INTERVENTION: @entity1 were followed at regular intervals, and treatment was only given for relapse. MEASUREMENTS: Recurrence rates, time to relapse, risk factors for recurrence, disease-specific survival, and overall survival were determined. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: With a median follow-up of 6.3 yr, 104 @entity1 (28%) relapsed: 53 of 157 (33.8%) in the initial group and 51 of 214 (23.8%) in the recent group. Median time to relapse was 7 mo. Lymphovascular invasion (p<0.0001) and pure @entity189 (p=0.02) were independent predictors of recurrence; 125 @entity1 (33.7%) were designated as high risk based on the presence of one or both factors. In the initial cohort, 66 of 157 @entity1 (42.0%) were high risk and 36 of 66 @entity1 (54.5%) relapsed versus 17 of 91 low-risk @entity1 (18.7%) (p<0.0001). In the recent cohort, 59 of 214 @entity1 (27.6%) were high risk and 29 of 59 had a recurrence (49.2%) versus 22 of 155 low-risk @entity1 (14.2%) (p<0.0001). Three @entity1 (0.8%) died from @entity5 . The estimated 5-yr disease-specific survival was 99.3% in the initial group and 98.9% in the recent one. CONCLUSIONS: Non-risk-adapted surveillance is an effective, simple strategy for the management of all stage I NSGCT.

title: Non-risk-adapted surveillance in clinical stage I nonseminomatous XXXX : the Princess Margaret Hospital's experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['testis cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['active surveillance', 'AS']

answer: @entity2971 :: (MESH:D009373,Disease) :: ['germ cell tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to evaluate the results and complications of image-guided percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) using computed tomography (CT) and C-arm fluoroscopy, with finger-touch guidance to determine the needle entry point. Of the 86 @entity1 (106 PKP) examined, 56 were treated for @entity3814 and 30 for @entity5 . All @entity1 underwent image-guided treatment using CT and conventional fluoroscopy, with finger-touch identification of a puncture point within a small incision (1.5 to 2 cm). Partial or complete @entity158 relief was achieved in 98% of @entity1 within 24 h of treatment. Moreover, a significant improvement in functional mobility and reduction in analgesic use was observed. CT allowed the detection of cement leakage in 20.7% of the interventions. No bone cement leakages with neurologic symptoms were noted. All work channels were made only once, and bone cement was distributed near the center of the vertebral body. Our study confirms the efficacy of PKP treatment in @entity3604 and oncological @entity1 . The combination of CT and C-arm fluoroscopy with finger-touch guidance reduces the risk of complications compared with conventional fluoroscopy alone, facilitates the detection of minor cement leakage, improves the operative procedure, and results in a favorable bone cement distribution.

title: XXXX using percutaneous kyphoplasty guided by a combination of computed tomography and C-arm fluoroscopy with finger-touch guidance to determine the needle entry point.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral tumors']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures']

answer: @entity3814 :: (MESH:D050815,Disease) :: ['Treatment of vertebral body compression fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is recognized as a major cause of @entity65 and mortality. Thus, a profound understanding of the pathophysiologic changes in HFpEF is needed to identify risk factors and potential treatment targets in this specific @entity1 population. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively assess the impact of left- and right-ventricular function and hemodynamics on long-term mortality and morbidity in order to improve risk prediction in @entity1 with HFpEF. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively included 142 consecutive @entity1 with HFpEF into our observational, non-interventional registry. Echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and invasive hemodynamic assessments including myocardial biopsy were performed at baseline. We detected significant correlations between left ventricular extracellular matrix and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (r = -0.64;p = 0.03) and @entity64 volume (r = -0.53;p = 0.04). Hospitalization for @entity712 and/or @entity204 was observed over a median follow up of 10 months. The strongest risk factors were reduced right ventricular function (adj. HR 6.62;95%CI 3.12- 14.02;p<0.001), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (adj. HR per 1-SD 1.55;95%CI 1.15- 2.09;p = 0.004) and the pulmonary artery wedge pressure (adj. HR per 1-SD 1.51;95%CI 1.09-2.08; p = 0.012). The area under the ROC curve for right ventricular function was 0.63, for systolic pulmonary arterial pressure 0.75, and for pulmonary artery wedge pressure 0.68. CONCLUSION: The current study emphasizes the importance of right ventricular function and pulmonary pressures on outcome in @entity1 with HFpEF providing pathophysiological insights into the hemodynamic changes in HFpEF.

title: Outcome in XXXX with Preserved Ejection Fraction: The Role of Myocardial Structure and Right Ventricular Performance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular morbidity']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Few studies have reported the relationship between @entity6288 and the estimated amount of @entity1372 excreted in 24 h, as measured by the spot urine test (E24UNA), in a community-dwelling cohort. We investigated the gender specific association between E24UNA values and body composition indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from a total of 7162 @entity1 (3545 @entity1 and 3617 postmenopausal @entity1 ) aged 45 years or older were obtained from multiple Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2008-2010) and analyzed. The total amount of @entity1372 excreted in the urine in a 24-h period was estimated with spot urine specimens. @entity6288 was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by body weight ( @entity9037 /Wt) that was less than 1 standard deviation below the sex-specific mean for young adults. RESULTS: E24UNA values were positively correlated with body mass index, waist circumference, total fat mass, and blood pressure; in contrast, E24UNA values were negatively correlated with @entity9037 /Wt in both sexes. Compared with those in the lowest E24UNA tertile, @entity1 in the highest E24UNA tertile were at higher risk for @entity6288 ( @entity1 : odds ratio (OR)=1.3 [95% confidence interval (CI)=1.07-1.59]; @entity1 : OR=1.41 [95% CI=1.16-1.73]). Further classification of subjects with @entity6288 into @entity28 and sarcopenic nonobese groups revealed that the highest E24UNA values were found in the @entity28 group; this difference was statistically significant. The next highest levels were found in the sarcopenic nonobese group, followed by the nonsarcopenic group. This trend was observed in both sexes. CONCLUSION: High E24UNA values were independently associated with both @entity6288 and @entity28 in Korean individuals older than 45 years. These results suggest that high salt intake may have a deleterious effect on body composition.

title: Gender-specific association between urinary XXXX excretion and body composition: Analysis of the 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['sarcopenic obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['Sarcopenia', 'sarcopenia']

answer: @entity1372 :: (MESH:D012964,Chemical) :: ['sodium']


abstract: AIM: To review inpatient management of @entity697 in a New Zealand hospital. METHODS: A retrospective file review of all acute episodes of @entity210 at Hutt Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand over a 1  year period. RESULTS: In the course of a year, there were 90 admissions for, or complicated by, @entity697 . In 31 cases, @entity210 was the primary diagnosis. Median length of stay was 5  days and readmissions were common. The majority of @entity1 (87%) were known to have @entity210 before admission, yet only 50% of these @entity1 were on @entity414 lowering treatment. Serum urate was measured in only 60% of @entity1 with a mean level of 0.471  mmol/L. Treatment for the acute attack was evenly split between monotherapy (49%) and polytherapy (49%). Treatment modalities used were: @entity229 (61%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (40%), @entity3812 (40%), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) (15%) and intrarticular @entity230 (7%). @entity1 were generally treated in a timely manner with few @entity1 experiencing delays. @entity1 seen by the Rheumatology Department were more likely to receive polytherapy, be treated with intra-articular @entity230 or ACTH and to start @entity208 . The 'treat-to-target' approach to the management of elevated serum urate was mentioned in only 9% of cases. CONCLUSION: There was considerable variability in the investigation and management of @entity697 , with significant deviation from published protocols. The 'treat-to-target' approach to the management of elevated urate has not yet been widely adopted by the physicians in this New Zealand hospital.

title: Inpatient management of XXXX in a New Zealand hospital: a retrospective audit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gout']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity3812 :: ('MESH:D003078', 'Chemical') :: ['colchicine']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity208 :: ('MESH:D000493', 'Chemical') :: ['allopurinol']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity210 :: (MESH:D006073,Disease) :: ['gout']


abstract: @entity61586 (RhCMV), the homolog of @entity4538 ), serves as a model for understanding the pathogenesis of HCMV and for developing candidate vaccines. In order to develop a replication-defective virus as a vaccine candidate, we constructed RhCMV with glycoprotein L (gL) deleted. RhCMV gL was essential for viral replication, and virus with gL deleted could only replicate in cells expressing RhCMV gL. Noncomplementing cells infected with RhCMV with gL deleted released intact, noninfectious RhCMV particles that were indistinguishable from wild-type RhCMV by electron microscopy and could be rescued by treatment of cells with @entity968 . In addition, noncomplementing cells infected with RhCMV with gL deleted produced levels of gB, the major target of neutralizing antibodies, at levels similar to those observed in cells infected with wild-type RhCMV. Since RhCMV and HCMV gL share 53% @entity3689 identity, we determined whether the two proteins could complement the heterologous virus. Cells transfected with an HCMV bacterial artificial chromosome with gL deleted yielded virus that could replicate in @entity1 cells expressing HCMV gL. This is the second HCMV mutant with an essential glycoprotein deleted that has been complemented in cell culture. Finally, we found that HCMV gL could not complement the replication of RhCMV with gL deleted and that RhCMV gL could not complement the replication of HCMV with gL deleted. These data indicate that RhCMV and HCMV gL are both essential for replication of their corresponding viruses and, although the two gLs are highly homologous, they are unable to complement each another.

title: Rhesus and XXXX glycoprotein L are required for infection and cell-to-cell spread of virus but cannot complement each other.

entities_list: @entity61586 :: ('47929', 'Species') :: ['Rhesus cytomegalovirus']

entities_list: @entity4538 :: ('10359', 'Species') :: ['human cytomegalovirus (HCMV']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity4538 :: (10359,Species) :: ['human cytomegalovirus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Serous effusions are a common manifestation of @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ). However, their prognostic significance is controversial. METHODS: We searched for consecutive @entity1 who had @entity1892 with effusions from 1999 through 2007. Primary @entity30807 was excluded. The presence of @entity5 cells in effusions (malignant effusions) was determined by cytology supplemented by flow cytometry, cell blocks with special studies, polymerase chain reaction for clonality, or conventional cytogenetics. RESULTS: Forty-one (18.4%) @entity1 had effusions, with 24 (58.5%) developing at diagnosis and 17 (41.5%) during @entity5 course. Nineteen @entity1 (46.0%) had malignant effusions, with six (31.6%) from local extension and 13 (68.4%) through wide dissemination. Interestingly, malignant effusion correlated with a high International Prognostic Index (IPI) score (r = 0.490, P = .002) and high @entity5 stage (r = 0.342, P = .031) and was a poor prognosticator (P < .001, log-rank test), even worse than stage IV disease (P = .036). In the multivariate analysis, malignant effusion (P = .056) and supportive care (P = .014) retained significance and were more powerful than IPI score and stage. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who have @entity1892 with @entity1143 have a poor prognosis and should be treated as having stage IV disease. The analysis of effusions for @entity5 cells would be a useful addition to the routine workup.

title: Malignant effusions correlate with poorer prognosis in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomatous effusions']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity30807 :: ('MESH:D054685', 'Disease') :: ['effusion lymphoma']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Serous effusions are a common manifestation of @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ). However, their prognostic significance is controversial. METHODS: We searched for consecutive @entity1 who had @entity1892 with effusions from 1999 through 2007. Primary @entity30807 was excluded. The presence of @entity5 cells in effusions (malignant effusions) was determined by cytology supplemented by flow cytometry, cell blocks with special studies, polymerase chain reaction for clonality, or conventional cytogenetics. RESULTS: Forty-one (18.4%) @entity1 had effusions, with 24 (58.5%) developing at diagnosis and 17 (41.5%) during @entity5 course. Nineteen @entity1 (46.0%) had malignant effusions, with six (31.6%) from local extension and 13 (68.4%) through wide dissemination. Interestingly, malignant effusion correlated with a high International Prognostic Index (IPI) score (r = 0.490, P = .002) and high @entity5 stage (r = 0.342, P = .031) and was a poor prognosticator (P < .001, log-rank test), even worse than stage IV disease (P = .036). In the multivariate analysis, malignant effusion (P = .056) and supportive care (P = .014) retained significance and were more powerful than IPI score and stage. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who have @entity1892 with @entity1143 have a poor prognosis and should be treated as having stage IV disease. The analysis of effusions for @entity5 cells would be a useful addition to the routine workup.

title: Malignant effusions correlate with poorer prognosis in XXXX with @entity1892 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the impact of variant pancreatic arterial anatomy and overlap in regional perfusion on the interpretation of selective arterial @entity460 stimulation (SACST) with hepatic venous sampling for preoperative localization of @entity9608 . METHODS: An institutional review board-approved retrospective review was undertaken of 42 @entity1 with surgically confirmed, @entity9608 who underwent SACST from January 1996 to March 2014. @entity9608 was predicted initially based on the biochemical results of SACST alone according to Doppman's criteria. Pancreatic arteriograms were reviewed blinded to the biochemical results and the regional perfusion of each artery assessed. The anatomic and perfusion data were combined with the biochemical results to make a second prediction and compared with the surgical findings. RESULTS: The biochemical results were positive in 1, 2, and 3 arterial distributions in 73.8%, 21.4%, and 4.8% of @entity1 , respectively. The celiac trunk and @entity6029 ( @entity6029 ) anatomy were aberrant in 38.1% and 35.7% of @entity1 , respectively. Clinically significant variations included dorsal pancreatic artery replaced to @entity6029 (21.4%) and celiac stenosis (4.8%). Significant variation and overlap in regional pancreatic perfusion was observed, particularly for the @entity6029 . Sensitivity for insulinoma localization was 54.8% (diagnostic arteriography), 73.8% (biochemical data), 88.1% (biochemical, anatomic, perfusion data), and 92.8% (arteriographic, biochemical, anatomic, perfusion data). CONCLUSION: Careful review of the pancreatic arterial anatomy and regional perfusion is critical for correct interpretation of the biochemical results of SACST and improves the sensitivity of localization for @entity9608 , particularly in the presence of pancreatic arterial variants or overlap in regional perfusion.

title: Impact of variant pancreatic arterial  anatomy and overlap in regional perfusion on the interpretation of selective arterial XXXX stimulation with hepatic venous sampling for preoperative localization of @entity9608 .

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['occult insulinoma', 'Location of the insulinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['superior mesenteric artery', 'SMA']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the impact of variant pancreatic arterial anatomy and overlap in regional perfusion on the interpretation of selective arterial @entity460 stimulation (SACST) with hepatic venous sampling for preoperative localization of @entity9608 . METHODS: An institutional review board-approved retrospective review was undertaken of 42 @entity1 with surgically confirmed, @entity9608 who underwent SACST from January 1996 to March 2014. @entity9608 was predicted initially based on the biochemical results of SACST alone according to Doppman's criteria. Pancreatic arteriograms were reviewed blinded to the biochemical results and the regional perfusion of each artery assessed. The anatomic and perfusion data were combined with the biochemical results to make a second prediction and compared with the surgical findings. RESULTS: The biochemical results were positive in 1, 2, and 3 arterial distributions in 73.8%, 21.4%, and 4.8% of @entity1 , respectively. The celiac trunk and @entity6029 ( @entity6029 ) anatomy were aberrant in 38.1% and 35.7% of @entity1 , respectively. Clinically significant variations included dorsal pancreatic artery replaced to @entity6029 (21.4%) and celiac stenosis (4.8%). Significant variation and overlap in regional pancreatic perfusion was observed, particularly for the @entity6029 . Sensitivity for insulinoma localization was 54.8% (diagnostic arteriography), 73.8% (biochemical data), 88.1% (biochemical, anatomic, perfusion data), and 92.8% (arteriographic, biochemical, anatomic, perfusion data). CONCLUSION: Careful review of the pancreatic arterial anatomy and regional perfusion is critical for correct interpretation of the biochemical results of SACST and improves the sensitivity of localization for @entity9608 , particularly in the presence of pancreatic arterial variants or overlap in regional perfusion.

title: Impact of variant pancreatic arterial  anatomy and overlap in regional perfusion on the interpretation of selective arterial @entity460 stimulation with hepatic venous sampling for preoperative localization of XXXX .

answer: @entity9608 :: (MESH:D007340,Disease) :: ['occult insulinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity302 is the second most common symptom in @entity7026 ( @entity2758 ) @entity1 . The consecutive reduction of life quality is a clinically underrated problem because treatment usually focuses on the prevention of @entity1779 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate postoperative @entity410 outcome with the aim of more accurate counseling for postoperative @entity410 outcome. METHODS: From 1985 to 2012, 294 @entity1 with an @entity2758 were surgically treated by J.S. One hundred twenty-six @entity1 with preoperative @entity410 or @entity302 could be identified; 103 of 126 had a follow-up of at least 12 months and were included in the analysis. The different @entity302 subtypes were categorized ( @entity410 , @entity302 , @entity302 [ @entity302 ]). Preoperative workup and surgical technique were evaluated. @entity410 outcome was analyzed by using International League Against @entity302 . RESULTS: Sporadic @entity410 were identified in 41% of @entity1 ( @entity302 and @entity302 were identified in 36% and 23%, respectively). Detailed preoperative epileptological workup was done in 13%. @entity410 freedom was achieved in 77% (79% at 5 years, 84% at 10 years). Outcome was significantly poorer in @entity302 cases. More extensive resection was performed in 11 cases with longstanding symptoms (>24 months) and resulted in better @entity410 outcome as well as the short duration of preoperative @entity410 history. CONCLUSION: @entity1 presenting with @entity2758 -associated @entity302 have a favorable @entity410 outcome after surgical treatment. Long-standing @entity302 and the progress into @entity302 markedly deteriorate the chances to obtain @entity410 freedom and should be considered an early factor in establishing the indication for @entity2758 removal. ABBREVIATIONS: @entity2758 , @entity2758 , chronic epilepsyDRE, @entity6371 , International League Against EpilepsySM, Spetzler-Martin scaleSPS, @entity410 .

title: XXXX Outcomes in @entity1 With Surgically Treated @entity7026 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7026 :: ('MESH:D002538', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral arteriovenous malformation']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'sporadic seizures', 'Seizure']

entities_list: @entity6371 :: ('MESH:D018088', 'Disease') :: ['drug-resistant epilepsyILAE']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformationCE', 'AVM']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['chronic epilepsy', 'epilepsy', 'drug-resistant epilepsy', 'Epilepsy classification', 'Epilepsy', 'DRE']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['Seizure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity302 is the second most common symptom in @entity7026 ( @entity2758 ) @entity1 . The consecutive reduction of life quality is a clinically underrated problem because treatment usually focuses on the prevention of @entity1779 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate postoperative @entity410 outcome with the aim of more accurate counseling for postoperative @entity410 outcome. METHODS: From 1985 to 2012, 294 @entity1 with an @entity2758 were surgically treated by J.S. One hundred twenty-six @entity1 with preoperative @entity410 or @entity302 could be identified; 103 of 126 had a follow-up of at least 12 months and were included in the analysis. The different @entity302 subtypes were categorized ( @entity410 , @entity302 , @entity302 [ @entity302 ]). Preoperative workup and surgical technique were evaluated. @entity410 outcome was analyzed by using International League Against @entity302 . RESULTS: Sporadic @entity410 were identified in 41% of @entity1 ( @entity302 and @entity302 were identified in 36% and 23%, respectively). Detailed preoperative epileptological workup was done in 13%. @entity410 freedom was achieved in 77% (79% at 5 years, 84% at 10 years). Outcome was significantly poorer in @entity302 cases. More extensive resection was performed in 11 cases with longstanding symptoms (>24 months) and resulted in better @entity410 outcome as well as the short duration of preoperative @entity410 history. CONCLUSION: @entity1 presenting with @entity2758 -associated @entity302 have a favorable @entity410 outcome after surgical treatment. Long-standing @entity302 and the progress into @entity302 markedly deteriorate the chances to obtain @entity410 freedom and should be considered an early factor in establishing the indication for @entity2758 removal. ABBREVIATIONS: @entity2758 , @entity2758 , chronic epilepsyDRE, @entity6371 , International League Against EpilepsySM, Spetzler-Martin scaleSPS, @entity410 .

title: @entity410 Outcomes in @entity1 With Surgically Treated XXXX .

answer: @entity7026 :: (MESH:D002538,Disease) :: ['Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity302 is the second most common symptom in @entity7026 ( @entity2758 ) @entity1 . The consecutive reduction of life quality is a clinically underrated problem because treatment usually focuses on the prevention of @entity1779 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate postoperative @entity410 outcome with the aim of more accurate counseling for postoperative @entity410 outcome. METHODS: From 1985 to 2012, 294 @entity1 with an @entity2758 were surgically treated by J.S. One hundred twenty-six @entity1 with preoperative @entity410 or @entity302 could be identified; 103 of 126 had a follow-up of at least 12 months and were included in the analysis. The different @entity302 subtypes were categorized ( @entity410 , @entity302 , @entity302 [ @entity302 ]). Preoperative workup and surgical technique were evaluated. @entity410 outcome was analyzed by using International League Against @entity302 . RESULTS: Sporadic @entity410 were identified in 41% of @entity1 ( @entity302 and @entity302 were identified in 36% and 23%, respectively). Detailed preoperative epileptological workup was done in 13%. @entity410 freedom was achieved in 77% (79% at 5 years, 84% at 10 years). Outcome was significantly poorer in @entity302 cases. More extensive resection was performed in 11 cases with longstanding symptoms (>24 months) and resulted in better @entity410 outcome as well as the short duration of preoperative @entity410 history. CONCLUSION: @entity1 presenting with @entity2758 -associated @entity302 have a favorable @entity410 outcome after surgical treatment. Long-standing @entity302 and the progress into @entity302 markedly deteriorate the chances to obtain @entity410 freedom and should be considered an early factor in establishing the indication for @entity2758 removal. ABBREVIATIONS: @entity2758 , @entity2758 , chronic epilepsyDRE, @entity6371 , International League Against EpilepsySM, Spetzler-Martin scaleSPS, @entity410 .

title: @entity410 Outcomes in XXXX With Surgically Treated @entity7026 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: AIMS: To compare high-risk histopathology of eyes with primary versus secondary enucleation from @entity1 with @entity995 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A retrospective histopathology review identified 207 eyes enucleated from 202 @entity1 between March 1997 and August 2013. Our review considered high-risk histopathological features to include @entity66 or invasion of the anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, @entity1781 . RESULTS: Most eyes (144, 70%) were primarily enucleated; 63 (30%) were secondarily enucleated after neoadjuvant therapy. The primary enucleation group had more advanced disease (Reese-Ellsworth group V: 95% vs 59%; International Classification Group D/E: 97% vs 59%; p<0.001). The incidence of high-risk histopathology features was similar between groups (32% vs 21%, n=59; p=0.132). The type of prior therapy was not associated with high-risk histopathology features. Time to enucleation was longer for secondarily enucleated eyes with high-risk features. Choroid and postlaminar optic nerve invasion were more frequent in eyes primarily enucleated (p<0.001). Forty-six of the 59 (78%) @entity1 with high-risk features received adjuvant chemotherapy and/or external beam radiation therapy. Three @entity1 who received primary enucleation and adjuvant therapy died of metastatic recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the more favourable classification of eyes treated with neoadjuvant therapy, the risk of high-risk histopathology features at enucleation was comparable with eyes undergoing primary enucleation. Delayed enucleation was associated with these features, and the majority of @entity1 required further adjuvant therapy. Caution must be exercised in treating @entity995 to promptly pursue definitive enucleation in an effort to minimise further treatment exposures and @entity3 .

title: Comparison of high-risk histopathological features in eyes with primary or secondary enucleation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['extraocular disease']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['choroid (massive), postlaminar optic nerve or sclera']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['recalcitrant intraocular retinoblastoma', 'retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['retinoblastoma']


abstract: A detailed study of the diurnal compositional changes was performed in @entity523 ( @entity523 cv. Moneymaker) leaves and fruits. Plants were cultivated in a commercial greenhouse under two growth conditions: control and shaded. Expanding fruits and the closest mature leaves were harvested during two different day/night cycles (cloudy or sunny day). High-throughput robotized biochemical phenotyping of major compounds, as well as proton nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry metabolomic profiling, were used to measure the contents of about 70 metabolites in the leaves and 60 metabolites in the fruits, in parallel with ecophysiological measurements. Metabolite data were processed using multivariate, univariate, or clustering analyses and correlation networks. The shaded @entity505 -limited plants adjusted their leaf area, decreased their sink @entity505 demand and showed subtle compositional modifications. For source leaves, several metabolites varied along a diel cycle, including those directly linked to photosynthesis and photorespiration. These metabolites peaked at midday in both conditions and diel cycles as expected. However, transitory @entity505 storage was limited in @entity523 leaves. In fruits, fewer metabolites showed diel fluctuations, which were also of lower amplitude. Several organic acids were among the fluctuating metabolites. Diel patterns observed in leaves and especially in fruits differed between the cloudy and sunny days, and between the two conditions. Relationships between compositional changes in leaves and fruits are in agreement with the fact that several metabolic processes of the fruit appeared linked to its momentary supply of @entity969 .

title: Metabolomic profiling in XXXX reveals diel compositional changes in fruit affected by source-sink relationships.

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity523 :: ('4081', 'Species') :: ['tomato', 'Solanum lycopersicum']

answer: @entity523 :: (4081,Species) :: ['tomato']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of a drug defined from animal studies is important for inferring a maximal safe dose in @entity1 . However, several issues are associated with its concept, determination and application. It is confined to the actual doses used in the study; becomes lower with increasing sample size or dose levels; and reflects the risk level seen in the experiment rather than what may be relevant for @entity1 . We explored a pharmacometric approach in an attempt to address these issues. We first used simulation to examine the behaviour of the NOAEL values as determined by current common practice; and then fitted the probability of @entity137 as a function of treatment duration and dose to data collected from all applicable toxicology studies of a test compound. Our investigation was in the context of an irreversible @entity137 that is detected at the end of the study. Simulations illustrated NOAEL's dependency on experimental factors such as dose and sample size, as well as the underlying uncertainty. Modelling the probability as a continuous function of treatment duration and dose simultaneously to data from multiple studies allowed the estimation of the dose, along with its confidence interval, for a maximal risk level that might be deemed as acceptable for @entity1 . The model-based data integration also reconciled between-study inconsistency and explicitly provided maximised estimation confidence. Such alternative NOAEL determination method should be explored for its more efficient data use, more quantifiable insight to toxic doses, and the potential for more relevant animal-to- @entity1 translation.

title: Comparing probabilistic and descriptive analyses of time-dose- XXXX relationship for determining no-observed-adverse-effect level in drug development.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: Acute @entity1151 is a substantial cause of morbidity and @entity204 . Although the American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines recommend @entity358 in @entity1 with @entity1151 associated with @entity551 , there are few reports of 30-day mortality rates. We performed a retrospective review of @entity358 performed in 96 consecutive @entity1 who had severe, globally @entity5048 right @entity67 as determined by transthoracic echocardiography. Data on @entity1 who were treated from January 2003 through December 2011 were derived from health system databases of the New York State Cardiac Surgery Reporting System and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. The data represent procedures performed at 3 tertiary care facilities within a large health system operating in the New York City metropolitan area. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 4.2%. Most @entity1 (68 [73.9%]) were discharged home or to rehabilitation facilities (23 [25%]). Hemodynamically stable @entity1 with severe, globally @entity5048 right @entity67 had a 30-day mortality rate of 1.4%, with a postoperative mean length of stay of 9.1 days. Comparable findings for hemodynamically unstable @entity1 were 12.5% and 13.4 days, respectively. Acute @entity358 can be a viable procedure for @entity1 with severe, globally @entity5048 right @entity67 , with or without hemodynamic compromise; however, caution is warranted. Our outcomes might be dependent upon institutional capability, experience, surgical ability, and careful @entity1 selection.

title: Acute XXXX : a 9-year retrospective analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism', 'acute pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity5048 :: ('MESH:C536231', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinetic']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['acute pulmonary embolectomy procedures', 'pulmonary embolectomy', 'surgical pulmonary embolectomy']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['surgical pulmonary embolectomy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Centralisation of vascular surgery services has coincided with a move towards endovascular repair of @entity1755 with the goal to improve @entity1 outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of rural presentation and transfer times on survival from @entity1755 . DESIGN: A retrospective review. MATERIALS: All @entity1 presenting with @entity1755 to public hospitals in Tasmania between July 2006 and April 2013. METHODS: Demographic data, Glasgow @entity439 score, Hardman index, transfer times, operative technique and 30-day mortality were collected from medical records. RESULTS: Over the study period 127 @entity1 presented to public hospitals in Tasmania with @entity1755 . A total of 27 presented to north west hospitals where no vascular surgery service is provided (NWRH), 23 to a northern hospital where an intermittent vascular surgery service is provided (LGH) and 77 to the state tertiary vascular surgery service (RHH). Of these, 4 (14.8%) died at NWRH, 6 (26.1%) died at LGH and 43 (55.8%) died at RHH without operation. Of the 35 @entity1 transferred from NWRH and LGH to RHH, 5 died without operation. Median time from presentation to theatre at RHH if transferred from NWRH was 6.25 hours, from the LGH 4.75 hours, compared to 2.75 hours when presenting directly to RHH. Open repair was performed in 41 @entity1 and endovascular repair in 23 @entity1 . Overall 30-day mortality in those treated at RHH was 26.6% (39.0% for open repair, 4.3% for endovascular repair). Mortality for intended operative @entity1 initially presenting to non-RHH hospitals was 33.3% vs. 32.3% for those initially presenting to RHH. p Value 0.93. CONCLUSION: There was no clinical or statistical disadvantage to rural presentation and transfer for @entity1 presenting with @entity1755 in Tasmania. Endovascular repair has a role despite long transfer times.

title: Mortality outcomes of XXXX and rural presentation.

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms']

answer: @entity1755 :: (MESH:D001019,Disease) :: ['ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: @entity189 is rare and mostly originates from the major salivary glands. Sometimes, it is difficult to differentiate the benign from the malignant histologically, and its clinical behavior and histological features may vary. Here, we describe the case of a 55-year-old @entity1 who presented with a massive @entity189 , which hung like a temple bell from her right side of the jaw, and she refused to go to the hospital for 3 years. Based on its size and location, we initially thought that, before surgical resection, neoadjuvant therapy would be necessary to reduce the @entity5 volume. However, after careful evaluation of the @entity5 characteristics (low-grade histology with outward expansion and little invasion of the adjacent tissues) and imaging findings, we decided that excision was possible. The @entity5 was encapsulated and had a clear border; it weighed 10.5 kg. By setting the incision line posterior to the equatorial plane and using the lengthened skin posterior to the @entity5 as a large local flap for the skin defect, we successfully reconstructed the skin defect without harvesting additional flap from other areas. No additional treatment was administered because a sufficient surgical margin was maintained, pathologically. She regained her daily life without recurrence or distant metastasis for 2 years. When treating a massive @entity5 , careful consideration of its characteristics and location is important, and in this case, we were able to use a simpler and less invasive treatment than we initially envisioned.

title: Massive XXXX originating from the submandibular gland that was successfully treated with surgical excision, using a part of the lengthened skin as a local flap.

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Myoepithelial carcinoma', 'myoepithelial carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['myoepithelial carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity25025 is a member of the gamma proteobacteria. It is fastidious, insect-vectored and xylem-limited and causes a variety of diseases, some severe, on a wide range of economically important perennial crops, including grape and citrus. Antibody based detection assays are commercially available for @entity25025 , and are effective at the species, but not at the subspecies level. We have made a library of scFv antibody fragments directed against @entity25025 . pauca strain 9a5c (citrus) by using phage display technology. Antibody gene repertoires were PCR-amplified using 23 primers for the heavy chain @entity13974 (VH) and 21 primers for the light chain @entity13974 ( @entity13974 ). The VH and @entity13974 were joined by overlap extension PCR, and then the genes of the scFv library were ligated into the phage vector pKM19. The library contained 1.2*10(7) independent clones with full-length scFv inserts. In each of 3cycles of affinity-selection with 9a5c, about 1.0*10(12) phage were used for panning with 4.1*10(6), 7.1*10(6), 2.1*10(7) phage recovered after the first, second and third cycles, respectively. Sixty-six percent of clones from the final library bound @entity72132 in an ELISA. Some of these scFv antibodies recognized strain 9a5c and did not recognize @entity25025 strains that cause Pierce's disease of grapevine.

title: Development of single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies against XXXX . pauca by phage display.

entities_list: @entity13974 :: ('MESH:C537362', 'Disease') :: ['variable region', 'VL']

entities_list: @entity25025 :: ('2371', 'Species') :: ['X. fastidiosa', 'X. fastidiosa subsp', 'Xylella fastidiosa']

answer: @entity25025 :: (2371,Species) :: ['Xylella fastidiosa subsp']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2045 ( @entity2045 ) criteria for funding of gynaecomastia surgery are: the @entity1 should be post-pubertal, have a BMI   <=  25  kg/m(2), endocrine and drug causes and @entity0 should be excluded and the @entity1 should demonstrate @entity458 . We evaluated how @entity9462 funding for gynaecomastia surgery varies between Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) in England and whether there is a "postcode lottery". METHODS: The gynaecomastia surgery policies for 211 CCGs in @entity9462 England were reviewed against the @entity2045 criteria and grouped according to their funding policies: group 1 (if criteria met, funding approved); group 2, (if criteria met, prior approval required); group 3 (no criteria, individual funding request only) and group 4 (no funding). RESULTS: Policies were available for all CCGs. Fifty-nine (28.0%) CCGs were in group 1, 87 (41.2%) in group 2, 44 (20.9%) in group 3 and 21 (10.0%) in group 4. Of those in groups 1 and 2, five (3.4%) CCGs used all six @entity2045 criteria. Approximately 70% CCGs with criteria (in groups 1 and 2) stipulated that the @entity1 should be post-pubertal, have a BMI   <=  25  kg/m(2) and endocrine and drug causes should be excluded. @entity0 should be excluded in 51.4% and the @entity1 should show @entity458 in 13.7% CCGs. Of those in groups 1 and 2, 118 (80.8%) CCGs specified additional criteria. CONCLUSIONS: CCGs do not use the @entity2045 criteria uniformly and restrict surgery according to their own criteria. Overall, there is a "postcode lottery" for gynaecomastia surgery within @entity9462 England.

title: The "postcode lottery" for the surgical correction of gynaecomastia in  XXXX England.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['Action On Plastic Surgery', 'AOPS']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

answer: @entity9462 :: (MESH:C538336,Disease) :: ['NHS']


abstract: PURPOSE: Allografts have been shown useful in the reconstruction of @entity79 after @entity5 resection. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using massive allografts to reconstruct @entity79 after resection of extremity @entity421 . METHODS: The clinical data of 15 @entity1 treated with massive allograft reconstruction after resection of extremity @entity421 from January 2005 to January 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Neoadjuvant and postoperative chemotherapy was used in all @entity1 . The postoperative functions of the salvaged limbs were evaluated using the scoring system proposed by the @entity85 Society (MSTS). RESULTS: All @entity1 were followed up for a mean of 61 months (range, 14-99 months). No nonunion occurred during follow-up. The mean time to union was 9 months (range, 3-21 months). No immune rejection, allograft infection, allograft @entity174 , and limb length disparity occurred. However, 2 @entity1 had broken implants. The mean MSTS score at the last follow-up was 26 points. Four @entity1 died and 2 @entity1 had @entity5 recurrence. The 5-year disease free survival rate was 73.3%. CONCLUSION: Massive allograft reconstruction is safe and effective for @entity79 caused by resection of extremity @entity421 .

title: Reconstruction using massive allografts after resection of extremity XXXX the study design: A retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone defects']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Musculoskeletal Tumor']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Multiple chronic conditions and low skeletal muscle mass are common features of aging that are detrimental to physical performance. This study evaluates the simultaneous impact of these conditions on physical performance in older adults. METHODS: Five studies from 2003 to 2012 were pooled to include 2,398 adults aged >= 65  years with diagnosed @entity102 measured by self-administered questionnaire. Low muscle mass was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass index less than that of the sex-specific lowest quintile in the population of older adults. Poor physical performances were defined as the lowest quintile of grip strength and gait speed in the population of older adults and the slowest sex-specific 20% of Timed Up and Go (TUG) test at each study site. Chi-squared and logistic regression tests were applied for data analysis. RESULTS: Mean age of the study @entity1 , of whom approximately 50% were @entity1 , was 74.3  years. Slow gait speed was nearly three times more likely to occur in the presence of low muscle mass coupled with @entity102 than in the absence of both factors after adjustment for study site, age, sex, education, marital status, body mass index, @entity286 and @entity285 use, and comorbidities. The independent effect of low muscle mass was generally stronger than that of each disease. @entity1 with more than two @entity102 and low muscle mass were significantly more likely to perform poorly than those with no risk factors (odds ratio [OR]   =   2.51 in @entity1 with low grip strength, OR   =   3.89 in @entity1 with low gait speed, and OR   = 3.67 in @entity1 with poor TUG test scores, all P   <   0   .05) after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: The combined association of @entity102 and low skeletal mass with physical performance was stronger than the effect of either factor alone.

title: Combined association of XXXX and low skeletal muscle mass with physical performance in older adults in the Sarcopenia and Translational Aging Research in Taiwan (START) study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease', 'chronic diseases']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The UK's Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) initiative provides evidence-based psychological interventions for mild to moderate common mental health problems in a primary care setting. Predictors of treatment response are unclear. This study examined the impact of @entity1314 status on outcome in a large IAPT service. We hypothesised that the presence of probable @entity1314 would adversely affect treatment response. METHOD: We used a prospective cohort design to study a consecutive sample of individuals (n  =  1249). RESULTS: Higher scores on a screening measure for @entity1314 were associated with poorer outcome on measures of @entity308 , @entity148 and social functioning, and reduced recovery rates at the end of treatment. These associations were not confounded by demographic status, initial symptom severity nor number of treatment sessions. The presence of personality difficulties independently predicted reduced absolute change on all outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of co-morbid personality difficulties adversely affects treatment outcome among individuals attending for treatment in an IAPT service. There is a need to routinely assess for the presence of personality difficulties on all individuals referred to IAPT services. This information will provide important prognostic data and could lead to the provision of more effective, personalised treatment in IAPT.

title: The impact of comorbid personality difficulties on response to IAPT treatment for XXXX and @entity148 .

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['personality disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The UK's Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) initiative provides evidence-based psychological interventions for mild to moderate common mental health problems in a primary care setting. Predictors of treatment response are unclear. This study examined the impact of @entity1314 status on outcome in a large IAPT service. We hypothesised that the presence of probable @entity1314 would adversely affect treatment response. METHOD: We used a prospective cohort design to study a consecutive sample of individuals (n  =  1249). RESULTS: Higher scores on a screening measure for @entity1314 were associated with poorer outcome on measures of @entity308 , @entity148 and social functioning, and reduced recovery rates at the end of treatment. These associations were not confounded by demographic status, initial symptom severity nor number of treatment sessions. The presence of personality difficulties independently predicted reduced absolute change on all outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of co-morbid personality difficulties adversely affects treatment outcome among individuals attending for treatment in an IAPT service. There is a need to routinely assess for the presence of personality difficulties on all individuals referred to IAPT services. This information will provide important prognostic data and could lead to the provision of more effective, personalised treatment in IAPT.

title: The impact of comorbid personality difficulties on response to IAPT treatment for @entity308 and XXXX .

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anterior C2/3 discectomy and interbody fusion (ACDF) with plating is increasingly performed as the primary treatment of unstable @entity174 ; however, plate-related complications, such as screw back-out, plate @entity174 and soft-tissue injury, is not uncommon. @entity12316 ( @entity12316 ) cage has now been developed to provide initial stability before fusion; however, whether and how ACDF with @entity12316 cage offer better clinical results compared with ACDF with plating in management of @entity174 remains unknown. This study compares the efficacy of ACDF with plating to that of ACDF with @entity12316 cage in management of @entity174 (according to Levine and Edwards classification) retrospectively. METHODS: From February 2006 to March 2012, a total of 21 @entity1 with @entity174 combined with @entity1798 underwent ACDF with @entity12316 cage, and 28 @entity1 underwent ACDF with plating. Perioperative parameters were compared. The average follow-up period was 50.3  months (range 27-76 months). The clinical outcome (visual analog scale (VAS), American @entity3510 Association (ASIA) scale, and clinical post-traumatic neck score (PTNC)) and radiological outcome (translation of C2, local kyphotic angle (LKA), and fusion status of C2/3) was compared retrospectively. RESULTS: The operative time and @entity190 were significantly less in the ACDF with cage group compared with that in the ACDF with plating group (P   <   0.05). All @entity1 showed neurological recovery and achieved solid fusion. There were no significant differences in the clinical and radiological outcomes at final follow-up between groups, except in the LKA and the correction loss rate of LKA which were higher in the ACDF with plating group (P   <   0.05). Donor-site @entity158 occurred in two @entity1 (10.1%) within 6  months after operation in the ACDF with plating group and none in the ACDF with cage group. All @entity1 recovered without any adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: ACDF with @entity12316 cage is effective and reliable in management of @entity174 and is more cost-effective due to shorter operative time and less @entity190 requirements.

title: Anterior-only stabilization using cage versus plating with bone autograft for the treatment of @entity174 combined with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ["Hangman's fracture", 'fracture', "type II/IIA Hangman's fractures"]

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity12316 :: ('MESH:C063834', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyetheretherketone', 'PEEK']

entities_list: @entity1798 :: ('MESH:C535531', 'Disease') :: ['intervertebral disc injury']

answer: @entity1798 :: (MESH:C535531,Disease) :: ['intervertebral disc injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anterior C2/3 discectomy and interbody fusion (ACDF) with plating is increasingly performed as the primary treatment of unstable @entity174 ; however, plate-related complications, such as screw back-out, plate @entity174 and soft-tissue injury, is not uncommon. @entity12316 ( @entity12316 ) cage has now been developed to provide initial stability before fusion; however, whether and how ACDF with @entity12316 cage offer better clinical results compared with ACDF with plating in management of @entity174 remains unknown. This study compares the efficacy of ACDF with plating to that of ACDF with @entity12316 cage in management of @entity174 (according to Levine and Edwards classification) retrospectively. METHODS: From February 2006 to March 2012, a total of 21 @entity1 with @entity174 combined with @entity1798 underwent ACDF with @entity12316 cage, and 28 @entity1 underwent ACDF with plating. Perioperative parameters were compared. The average follow-up period was 50.3  months (range 27-76 months). The clinical outcome (visual analog scale (VAS), American @entity3510 Association (ASIA) scale, and clinical post-traumatic neck score (PTNC)) and radiological outcome (translation of C2, local kyphotic angle (LKA), and fusion status of C2/3) was compared retrospectively. RESULTS: The operative time and @entity190 were significantly less in the ACDF with cage group compared with that in the ACDF with plating group (P   <   0.05). All @entity1 showed neurological recovery and achieved solid fusion. There were no significant differences in the clinical and radiological outcomes at final follow-up between groups, except in the LKA and the correction loss rate of LKA which were higher in the ACDF with plating group (P   <   0.05). Donor-site @entity158 occurred in two @entity1 (10.1%) within 6  months after operation in the ACDF with plating group and none in the ACDF with cage group. All @entity1 recovered without any adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: ACDF with @entity12316 cage is effective and reliable in management of @entity174 and is more cost-effective due to shorter operative time and less @entity190 requirements.

title: Anterior-only stabilization using cage versus plating with bone autograft for the treatment of XXXX combined with @entity1798 .

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['type II/IIA Hangman's fracture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neurodevelopmental and @entity146 in young @entity1 predict educational, health and social problems. Early identification may significantly reduce this burden but relevant tools largely lack validation. We aimed to develop and evaluate the predictive validity of a simple screening tool for @entity245 in a community sample of 30 month old @entity1 . A sample of @entity1 was selected from a community cohort screened at 30 months by health visitors using the Sure Start Language Measure (SSLM) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in 2011. Predictive validity was assessed by comparing screening results with detailed psychometric data from the same sample 1-2 years later. Screening performance using different thresholds was explored using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) with ROC area under the curve (AUC) and bootstrapping techniques. The SSLM predicted both @entity3180 identified by the New Reynell Developmental Language Scales (NRDLS) at follow-up (AUC 0.905) and @entity245 assessed by the Griffiths Mental Development Scales (AUC 0.983). The SDQ administered at 30 months predicted @entity146 identified by the Development and Wellbeing Assessment (DAWBA) at follow-up (AUC 0.821). Using optimal cut-offs for the SDQ and SSLM at 30 months, both tools together had sensitivity 87%; specificity 64%; positive predictive value 31%; and negative predictive value 97% in the prediction of any kind of neurodevelopmental problem 1-2 years later. The combined measure reported here is not yet sufficient as a stand-alone population screening tool for @entity245 . The SSLM and SDQ did however show promise in identifying preschool @entity1 at risk of ongoing language, @entity146 and @entity245 but with fairly high false positive rates. Given that current developmental risk prediction in resource-poor settings is little better than random assignment, the SDQ and SSLM may aid clinical judgement when used as interim triage tools for practitioners with no specialist knowledge, in the context of longitudinal follow-up arrangements.

title: Development of a triage tool for neurodevelopmental risk in XXXX aged 30 months.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity3180 :: ('MESH:D007806', 'Disease') :: ['language disorder']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental problems', 'neurodevelopmental disorders', 'global developmental delay 1-2 years later', 'global developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders', 'psychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Ven @entity3179 present a medical challenge. Whenever possible, therapy should be causal and include compression therapy and surgery. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been successfully used in several phases of venous leg ulc @entity1066 eatment. Positive effects of NPWT, such as reduction of ede @entity4 ra @entity5173 wound exudate, and ac- celeration of granulation tissue formation, are reasons for recommending NPWT in order to improve healing rates. AIM: The main goal of this study was to evaluate, using immunohistochemical markers, the efficacy of NPWT in terms of neoangiogenesis and granulation tissue promotion in the treatment of hard-to-heal ven @entity3179 ETHODS: Thirty pat @entity1 th hard-to-heal ven @entity3179 re included. The pat @entity1 re divided into two groups: one group treated with NPWT, pol @entity2636 am, and four-layer bandaging system, and the second group with moist wound dressings and four-layer bandaging system. Pat @entity1 re moni- tored before and after 1 week of treatment with multiple biopsies taken from the wound bed and wound edge. Immunohistochemical evaluation included markers for angiogenesis (CD3 @entity2279 lymphatic vessels (D240), macrophages (CD6 @entity469 and lymphocytes (CD3). RESULTS: All pat @entity1 - cluded in the NPWT group, after 1 week, showed a significant improve- ment in terms of angiogenesis, lymphatic vessels, and macrophage and lymphocyte proliferation, compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: This study objectively demonstrated the efficacy of NPWT in hard-to- heal ven @entity3179 a immunohistochemical findings. In particular, the results showed rapid granulation and neoangiogenesis promotion. In the authors' opinion, NPWT must be included as an adjuvant to standard venous leg ulc @entity1066 erapy.

title: Immunohistochemical evaluation of venous leg ulcers before and after negative pres XXXX y.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3179 :: ('MESH:D014647', 'Disease') :: ['venous leg ulcers', 'Venous leg ulcers']

entities_list: @entity2636 :: ('MESH:D011140', 'Chemical') :: ['polyurethane']

answer: @entity3179 :: (MESH:D014647,Disease) :: ['venous leg ulcers']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper was to describe the operative details for en bloc removal of the @entity5 , uterus, pelvic peritoneum, and rectosigmoid colon with colorectal anastomosis in @entity43 @entity1 with widespread pelvic involvement. METHODS: The @entity1 presented with good performance status and huge @entity530 extensively infiltrating into adjacent pelvic organs and obliterating the cul-de-sac. The @entity1 underwent en bloc pelvic resection as primary cytoreductive surgery. En bloc pelvic resection procedure is initiated by carrying a circumscribing peritoneal incision to include all pan-pelvic disease within this incision. After retroperitoneal pelvic dissection, the round ligaments and infundibulopelvic ligaments are divided. The ureters are dissected and mobilized from the peritoneum. After dissecting off the anterior pelvic peritoneum overlying the bladder with its @entity5 nodules, the bladder is mobilized caudally and the vesicovaginal space is developed. The uterine vessels are divided at the level of the ureters, and the paracervical tissues (or parametria) are divided. The proximal sigmoid colon is divided above the most proximal extent of gross @entity5 using a ligating and dividing stapling device. The sigmoid mesentery is ligated and divided including the superior rectal vessels. The pararectal and retrorectal spaces are further developed and dissected down to the level of the pelvic floor. The posterior dissection is progressed and moves to the right and then to the left of the rectum. The rectal pillars including the middle rectal vessels are ligated and divided. Hysterectomy is completed in a retrograde fashion. The distal rectum is divided using a linear stapler. The specimen is removed en bloc with the uterus, adnexa, pelvic peritoneum, rectosigmoid colon, and @entity5 masses leaving a macroscopically @entity5 -free pelvis. Colorectal anastomosis was completed using stapling device. RESULTS: En bloc pelvic resection was performed by total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic peritonectomy, and rectosigmoid colectomy with colorectal anastomosis using a stapling device. Complete clearance of pelvic disease leaving no gross @entity66 was possible using en bloc pelvic resection. CONCLUSION: En bloc pelvic resection is effective for achieving maximal cytoreduction with the elimination of the pelvic disease in advanced primary @entity43 @entity1 with extensive pelvic organ involvement.

title: Surgical technique of en bloc pelvic resection for advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['advanced epithelial ovarian cancer', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'adnexal tumor']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic tumor']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: The nonsurgical treatment of @entity213 ( @entity213 ) usually consists of radiation and chemotherapy. In general, the treatment efficacy of chemotherapy in @entity135 is limited. Apart from the placenta, testis and fetal keratinocytes, @entity320 -associated antigens-A (MAGE-A) are only found in @entity5 . Even though their molecular role remains unclear, several subgroups have been found to contribute to resistance to different chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, established @entity1 @entity957 cell lines were incubated with various concentrations of @entity900 , @entity1487 , @entity1311 , @entity1205 , cetuximab and panitumumab for 5, 10, 20 and 40 h. The treatment efficacy was measured dynamically by real-time cell analysis (RTCA). In addition, we determined the expression of all known MAGE-A subgroups ( @entity6472 to MAGE-A12, excluding pseudogene @entity72133 ) by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Of note, one cell line showed only a marginal expression of MAGE-A antigens, whereas another cell line showed a distinct expression of almost all the MAGE-A subgroups. The expression pattern varied in the other cell lines. @entity20522 was the most highly expressed of all the subgroups, and @entity39046 could not be detected. With the exception of @entity43894 , -A8, -A9 and -A10, the expression levels differed significantly between the cell lines. Factor analysis suggested simplifying the MAGE-A expression level into two groups. Spearman's rank correlation revealed a significant association between MAGE-A expression and treatment efficacy for 20.8% (25/120) of the experiments. In 100% of these cases (25/25), Spearman's Rho revealed a positive correlation between clustered MAGE-A expression and poor treatment efficacy. Our data highlight the fact that higher a MAGE-A expression correlates with a poorer outcome of antineoplastic treatment. Clustered MAGE-A expression analysis may help to identify @entity1 who are at a higher risk of antineoplastic treatment failure.

title: MAGE-A expression clusters and antineoplastic treatment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', 'HNSCC']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity984 mutations have been extensively investigated as predictive biomarkers for treatment of advanced @entity14 with the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab. PURPOSE: To summarize whether @entity984 mutation status modifies effects of anti- @entity470 -based treatments for @entity1 with advanced @entity14 and whether @entity984 status predicts clinical outcomes among such @entity1 . DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and 2 curated genetics databases (through 24 March 2010) were searched for observational studies. MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (through 1 September 2010) were searched for randomized, controlled trials. No search was restricted by language. STUDY SELECTION: Three reviewers screened titles and abstracts to identify published studies assessing @entity984 mutations as predictors of overall and progression-free survival or treatment failure for @entity1 who received anti- @entity470 -based therapy for metastatic @entity14 . DATA EXTRACTION: Three investigators extracted data on population and study-design characteristics, including quality items, and on outcomes of interest. Random-effects meta-analyses were done on nonoverlapping studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: In 4 reanalyses of randomized trials of anti- @entity470 -based therapy versus best supportive care or cytotoxic chemotherapy, no significant benefit was found for overall or progression-free survival from anti- @entity470 -based treatment among @entity984 -positive @entity1 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.0). However, evidence favors anti- @entity470 therapy among @entity984 wild-type @entity1 ; the relative HR across @entity984 -positive and wild-type @entity1 was 1.30 (95% CI, 0.95 to 1.78) for overall survival and 2.22 (CI, 1.74 to 2.84) for progression-free survival by random-effects meta-analysis. In 13 cohorts of @entity1 who received anti- @entity470 antibodies, the summary HR for overall survival was 1.79 (CI, 1.48 to 2.17), with better survival in wild-type @entity1 . The corresponding HR for progression-free survival was 2.11 (CI, 1.74 to 2.55 [16 cohorts]). In random-effects bivariate meta-analysis of 22 studies, the summary sensitivity of @entity984 mutations for predicting lack of response was 0.49 (CI, 0.43 to 0.55), and summary specificity was 0.93 (CI, 0.87 to 0.97). LIMITATIONS: Limited evidence from randomized studies exists. @entity1 -level data are needed to assess modifiers of the mutation-by-treatment interaction. Publication bias could be a concern. CONCLUSION: @entity984 mutations are consistently associated with reduced overall and progression-free survival and increased treatment failure rates among @entity1 with advanced @entity14 treated with anti- @entity470 antibodies. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

title: Systematic review: Anti- XXXX treatment effect modification by @entity984 mutations in advanced @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'anti-epidermal growth factor receptor']

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity984 mutations have been extensively investigated as predictive biomarkers for treatment of advanced @entity14 with the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab. PURPOSE: To summarize whether @entity984 mutation status modifies effects of anti- @entity470 -based treatments for @entity1 with advanced @entity14 and whether @entity984 status predicts clinical outcomes among such @entity1 . DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and 2 curated genetics databases (through 24 March 2010) were searched for observational studies. MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (through 1 September 2010) were searched for randomized, controlled trials. No search was restricted by language. STUDY SELECTION: Three reviewers screened titles and abstracts to identify published studies assessing @entity984 mutations as predictors of overall and progression-free survival or treatment failure for @entity1 who received anti- @entity470 -based therapy for metastatic @entity14 . DATA EXTRACTION: Three investigators extracted data on population and study-design characteristics, including quality items, and on outcomes of interest. Random-effects meta-analyses were done on nonoverlapping studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: In 4 reanalyses of randomized trials of anti- @entity470 -based therapy versus best supportive care or cytotoxic chemotherapy, no significant benefit was found for overall or progression-free survival from anti- @entity470 -based treatment among @entity984 -positive @entity1 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.0). However, evidence favors anti- @entity470 therapy among @entity984 wild-type @entity1 ; the relative HR across @entity984 -positive and wild-type @entity1 was 1.30 (95% CI, 0.95 to 1.78) for overall survival and 2.22 (CI, 1.74 to 2.84) for progression-free survival by random-effects meta-analysis. In 13 cohorts of @entity1 who received anti- @entity470 antibodies, the summary HR for overall survival was 1.79 (CI, 1.48 to 2.17), with better survival in wild-type @entity1 . The corresponding HR for progression-free survival was 2.11 (CI, 1.74 to 2.55 [16 cohorts]). In random-effects bivariate meta-analysis of 22 studies, the summary sensitivity of @entity984 mutations for predicting lack of response was 0.49 (CI, 0.43 to 0.55), and summary specificity was 0.93 (CI, 0.87 to 0.97). LIMITATIONS: Limited evidence from randomized studies exists. @entity1 -level data are needed to assess modifiers of the mutation-by-treatment interaction. Publication bias could be a concern. CONCLUSION: @entity984 mutations are consistently associated with reduced overall and progression-free survival and increased treatment failure rates among @entity1 with advanced @entity14 treated with anti- @entity470 antibodies. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

title: Systematic review: Anti- @entity470 treatment effect modification by @entity984 mutations in advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity984 mutations have been extensively investigated as predictive biomarkers for treatment of advanced @entity14 with the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab. PURPOSE: To summarize whether @entity984 mutation status modifies effects of anti- @entity470 -based treatments for @entity1 with advanced @entity14 and whether @entity984 status predicts clinical outcomes among such @entity1 . DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and 2 curated genetics databases (through 24 March 2010) were searched for observational studies. MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (through 1 September 2010) were searched for randomized, controlled trials. No search was restricted by language. STUDY SELECTION: Three reviewers screened titles and abstracts to identify published studies assessing @entity984 mutations as predictors of overall and progression-free survival or treatment failure for @entity1 who received anti- @entity470 -based therapy for metastatic @entity14 . DATA EXTRACTION: Three investigators extracted data on population and study-design characteristics, including quality items, and on outcomes of interest. Random-effects meta-analyses were done on nonoverlapping studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: In 4 reanalyses of randomized trials of anti- @entity470 -based therapy versus best supportive care or cytotoxic chemotherapy, no significant benefit was found for overall or progression-free survival from anti- @entity470 -based treatment among @entity984 -positive @entity1 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.0). However, evidence favors anti- @entity470 therapy among @entity984 wild-type @entity1 ; the relative HR across @entity984 -positive and wild-type @entity1 was 1.30 (95% CI, 0.95 to 1.78) for overall survival and 2.22 (CI, 1.74 to 2.84) for progression-free survival by random-effects meta-analysis. In 13 cohorts of @entity1 who received anti- @entity470 antibodies, the summary HR for overall survival was 1.79 (CI, 1.48 to 2.17), with better survival in wild-type @entity1 . The corresponding HR for progression-free survival was 2.11 (CI, 1.74 to 2.55 [16 cohorts]). In random-effects bivariate meta-analysis of 22 studies, the summary sensitivity of @entity984 mutations for predicting lack of response was 0.49 (CI, 0.43 to 0.55), and summary specificity was 0.93 (CI, 0.87 to 0.97). LIMITATIONS: Limited evidence from randomized studies exists. @entity1 -level data are needed to assess modifiers of the mutation-by-treatment interaction. Publication bias could be a concern. CONCLUSION: @entity984 mutations are consistently associated with reduced overall and progression-free survival and increased treatment failure rates among @entity1 with advanced @entity14 treated with anti- @entity470 antibodies. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

title: Systematic review: Anti- @entity470 treatment effect modification by XXXX mutations in advanced @entity14 .

answer: @entity984 :: (3845,Gene) :: ['KRAS']