abstract: BACKGROUND: The term poorly differentiated (PD) carcinoma was proposed 20 years ago to define @entity146 , follicular-derived @entity259 with behavior intermediate between follicular/papillary and @entity189 . Among the variable histologic patterns recognized in such @entity5 , trabecular-insular-solid (TIS) areas usually are predominant. Conversely, some authors pointed out that @entity189 are characterized by unequivocal, high-grade histology with atypias, high mitotic counts, and @entity39 rather than by a specific growth pattern. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features of a series of 183 @entity259 with predominant (n = 165 @entity5 ) or focal (n = 18 @entity5 ) TIS growth patterns were studied by univariate and multivariate overall survival analyses and were compared with clinical outcomes. Subgroups included @entity5 with predominant oxyphilic features (n = 66 @entity5 ) and (residual) @entity1377 features (n = 24 @entity5 ). Control groups of papillary (n = 68 @entity5 ), follicular (n = 71 @entity5 ), and anaplastic (n = 35 @entity5 ) @entity189 also were included for overall survival analysis. RESULTS: TIS @entity189 had an intermediate behavior between papillary/follicular and @entity189 (P < 0.0001). Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses demonstrated that age > 45 years (P = 0.007), the presence of @entity39 (P < 0.0001), and a mitotic count > 3 per 10 high-power fields (P = 0.01) were associated with poor outcome. A simplified scoring system based on statistically significant parameters allowed the identification of three prognostic subgroups (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: PD TIS @entity189 overall followed a more @entity146 course compared with differentiated @entity259 , irrespective of the extent of the TIS component. However, a numeric scoring system applied to specific clinicopathologic parameters further may identify three prognostic categories of @entity1 who have significantly different survival rates at 5 years and 10 years.

title: Poorly differentiated @entity189 of the thyroid with trabecular, insular, and solid patterns: a clinicopathologic study of 183 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 who are at high risk of recurrence after undergoing curative (R0) resection for @entity694 may benefit most from adjuvant treatment and from intensive follow-up for early detection and treatment of recurrence. However, in light of new clinical evidence, there is a need for continuous improvement in the calculation of the risk of recurrence. METHODS: Six hundred forty-one @entity1 with R0-resected @entity694 who underwent surgery between January 1, 1984 and December 31, 1996 were recruited from the Erlangen Registry of @entity14 . The study end point was time until first locoregional or distant recurrence. The factors analyzed were: age, gender, site in colon, International Union Against @entity5 (UICC) pathologic @entity5 classification (pT), UICC pathologic lymph node classification, histologic @entity5 type, malignancy grade, lymphatic invasion, @entity3 , number of examined lymph nodes, number of lymph node @entity3 , emergency presentation, intraoperative @entity5 cell spillage, surgeon, and time period. The resulting prognostic tree was evaluated by means of an independent sample using a measure of predictive accuracy based on the Brier score for censored data. Predictive accuracy was compared with several proposed stage groupings. RESULTS: The prognostic tree contained the following variables: pT, the number of lymph node @entity3 , @entity3 , and emergency presentation. Predictive accuracy based on the validation sample was 0.230 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.227-0.233) for the prognostic tree and 0.212 (95% CI, 0.209-0.215) for the UICC TNM sixth edition stage grouping. CONCLUSIONS: The prognostic tree showed superior predictive accuracy when it was validated using an independent sample. It is interpreted easily and may be applied under clinical circumstances. Provided that their classification system can be validated successfully in other centers, the authors propose using the prognostic tree as a starting point for studies of adjuvant treatment and follow-up strategies.

title: Improved prediction of recurrence after curative resection of XXXX using tree-based risk stratification.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'venous invasion']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal Carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Addition of bevacizumab/targeted therapy to cores consisting of four to five previously failed cytotoxic drugs employed at low/moderate dosages has produced third- and fourth-line regression of @entity43 . Targeted therapy added to cores of previously failed drugs has similarly produced responses of refractory @entity788 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the addition of targeted therapy to failed cores for @entity1 with @entity454 . @entity1 all had end-stage measurable @entity201 and active progression during treatment with cores. Targeted therapy, bevacizumab or cetuximab, at standard dosages and schedule was added to the failed cores, which consisted of: @entity136 , @entity1487 , @entity4181 and @entity2600 on day 1, and a platin with/without @entity1205 on day 2, each at its prior dose and schedule. Electronic medical records facilitated identification of @entity1 for intent-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: All 13 @entity1 had measurable disease; all standard cytotoxins had been used and failed before the start of treatment with targeted therapy added to the cores. The response rates according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors and response duration range were: bevacizumab cores: 3/6, 6 to 19 months, and cetuximab cores: 5/7, 10 to 28 months. Responses produced clinical benefit and one late neoadjuvant R0 resection. There were no limiting hematological adverse events due to the cores. Limiting adverse events were @entity101 in two @entity1 and an easily controlled duodenal ulcer in one. CONCLUSION: Bevacizumab cores and cetuximab cores both produced response rates which satisfy phase II criteria for further investigation. As cores, failed cytotoxic drugs, many at one-quarter to half of their standard doses have been found to produce synergistic benefit in combination with targeted therapy for end-stage @entity1 in four diseases. Co-treatment with no longer active cytotoxic core drugs can demonstrate efficacy attributable to the targeted therapy. This approach is a worthy, cost-effective fast-track registration strategy and distinctly different from trials testing primary treatment.

title: Targeted Therapy for XXXX with Bevacizumab or Cetuximab Added to Failed Cytotoxic Drug Cores.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['refractory gastric and ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage disease']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['Resistant Cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to clarify the outcome of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) within Milan criteria. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study comprised of 197 adult @entity1 . One hundred twenty-nine @entity1 were within Milan criteria. The overall and recurrence-free survival rates after the LDLT were calculated. RESULTS: The 1-, 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 94.5%, 89.9% and 88.6%, respectively. The 1-, 5- and 10-year recurrence-free survival rates were 100%, 97.0% and 94.0%, respectively. Four @entity1 had @entity157 recurrence. The mean neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (6.75 vs. 2.75, p=0.002) or @entity160 ( @entity160 ) (3,239 vs. 197, p<0.001) of these four recipients was significantly higher compared to that of 125 recipients without @entity157 recurrence. CONCLUSION: The outcome of LDLT for @entity1 with @entity157 within Milan criteria was outstanding. Careful follow-up after LDLT is necessary for @entity1 with high NLR or @entity160 .

title: Living Donor Liver Transplantation for XXXX within Milan Criteria in the Present Era.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein', 'AFP']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['Hepatocellular Carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study aimed to evaluate the use of the 27K methylation array to investigate abnormal methylation of two genes and their associations with clinical characteristics in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). Six differentially-methylated genes identified using the 27K methylation array were screened in the @entity1 @entity1358 786-0 cell line and normal kidney tissues by @entity9736 sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differentially-methylated regions (DMRs) that were abnormally hypermethylated in the cell line were further validated in @entity703 and paired normal tissues by pyrosequencing. The correlations between DMRs and differences (methylation rate of @entity5 minus that of paired normal tissue) according to gender, age, @entity5 size, Fuhrman grade and disease stage were assessed. Gene expression prior to and following @entity11508 treatment was examined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Two DMRs located in the @entity72657 and @entity28673 genes were found to be hypermethylated in the 786-0 cells, but not in the normal kidney tissues. Pyrosequencing results showed that the average methylation rate of @entity72657 in the @entity5 tissues was significantly higher compared to that in the paired normal tissues (48.78 vs. 34.62%; P<0.001). The methylation rate of @entity28673 was also higher in the @entity5 tissues compared with the paired normal tissues (58.98 vs. 38.66%; P<0.001). In stage T1 @entity1358 , the methylation rate of the @entity5 tissue was positively correlated with the Fuhrman grade (P=0.02). The difference in methylation between the @entity5 and normal tissues was significantly higher in the group with high Fuhrman grade for the two genes. Furthermore, the linear correlation between methylation difference and @entity5 size was also confirmed (P=0.01). The RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that @entity28673 and @entity72657 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated following @entity11508 treatment. The results identified two novel DMRs located in @entity28673 and @entity72657 that were hypermethylated in the @entity1358 tissue samples. The methylation profile in @entity1358 could potentially provide predictive information for clinical decisions.

title: Abnormal methylation status of @entity72657 and @entity28673 , and associations with clinical characteristics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity9736 :: ('MESH:C042345', 'Chemical') :: ['bisulfite']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC', 'ccRCC']

entities_list: @entity11508 :: ('MESH:C014347', 'Chemical') :: ["5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine"]

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumor']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['clear cell renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study aimed to evaluate the use of the 27K methylation array to investigate abnormal methylation of two genes and their associations with clinical characteristics in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). Six differentially-methylated genes identified using the 27K methylation array were screened in the @entity1 @entity1358 786-0 cell line and normal kidney tissues by @entity9736 sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differentially-methylated regions (DMRs) that were abnormally hypermethylated in the cell line were further validated in @entity703 and paired normal tissues by pyrosequencing. The correlations between DMRs and differences (methylation rate of @entity5 minus that of paired normal tissue) according to gender, age, @entity5 size, Fuhrman grade and disease stage were assessed. Gene expression prior to and following @entity11508 treatment was examined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Two DMRs located in the @entity72657 and @entity28673 genes were found to be hypermethylated in the 786-0 cells, but not in the normal kidney tissues. Pyrosequencing results showed that the average methylation rate of @entity72657 in the @entity5 tissues was significantly higher compared to that in the paired normal tissues (48.78 vs. 34.62%; P<0.001). The methylation rate of @entity28673 was also higher in the @entity5 tissues compared with the paired normal tissues (58.98 vs. 38.66%; P<0.001). In stage T1 @entity1358 , the methylation rate of the @entity5 tissue was positively correlated with the Fuhrman grade (P=0.02). The difference in methylation between the @entity5 and normal tissues was significantly higher in the group with high Fuhrman grade for the two genes. Furthermore, the linear correlation between methylation difference and @entity5 size was also confirmed (P=0.01). The RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that @entity28673 and @entity72657 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated following @entity11508 treatment. The results identified two novel DMRs located in @entity28673 and @entity72657 that were hypermethylated in the @entity1358 tissue samples. The methylation profile in @entity1358 could potentially provide predictive information for clinical decisions.

title: Abnormal methylation status of XXXX and @entity28673 , and associations with clinical characteristics in @entity1358 .

answer: @entity72657 :: (10517,Gene) :: ['FBXW10']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study aimed to evaluate the use of the 27K methylation array to investigate abnormal methylation of two genes and their associations with clinical characteristics in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). Six differentially-methylated genes identified using the 27K methylation array were screened in the @entity1 @entity1358 786-0 cell line and normal kidney tissues by @entity9736 sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differentially-methylated regions (DMRs) that were abnormally hypermethylated in the cell line were further validated in @entity703 and paired normal tissues by pyrosequencing. The correlations between DMRs and differences (methylation rate of @entity5 minus that of paired normal tissue) according to gender, age, @entity5 size, Fuhrman grade and disease stage were assessed. Gene expression prior to and following @entity11508 treatment was examined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Two DMRs located in the @entity72657 and @entity28673 genes were found to be hypermethylated in the 786-0 cells, but not in the normal kidney tissues. Pyrosequencing results showed that the average methylation rate of @entity72657 in the @entity5 tissues was significantly higher compared to that in the paired normal tissues (48.78 vs. 34.62%; P<0.001). The methylation rate of @entity28673 was also higher in the @entity5 tissues compared with the paired normal tissues (58.98 vs. 38.66%; P<0.001). In stage T1 @entity1358 , the methylation rate of the @entity5 tissue was positively correlated with the Fuhrman grade (P=0.02). The difference in methylation between the @entity5 and normal tissues was significantly higher in the group with high Fuhrman grade for the two genes. Furthermore, the linear correlation between methylation difference and @entity5 size was also confirmed (P=0.01). The RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that @entity28673 and @entity72657 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated following @entity11508 treatment. The results identified two novel DMRs located in @entity28673 and @entity72657 that were hypermethylated in the @entity1358 tissue samples. The methylation profile in @entity1358 could potentially provide predictive information for clinical decisions.

title: Abnormal methylation status of @entity72657 and XXXX , and associations with clinical characteristics in @entity1358 .

answer: @entity28673 :: (55512,Gene) :: ['SMPD3']


abstract: Our hypothesis was to determine if insulin resistance and @entity4854 , rather than @entity28 , are predictive of mortality in the surgically critically ill. An observational study of an automated protocol in surgical and @entity130 intensive care units was performed. Two groups were created based on body mass index (BMI): Obese (OB) defined as BMI > or = 30 (n = 338) and nonobese defined as BMI < 30 (n = 885). Euglycemia was maintained using an automated protocol using an adapting multiplier, which we used as our marker of stress insulin resistance. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. One thousand, two hundred and twenty-three @entity1 met criteria with 73,225 @entity413 values. The OB group required more insulin (4.5 U/hr vs 3.2 U/hr, P < or = 0.01) and had a higher mean multiplier (0.07 vs 0.06, P < 0.01) reflecting insulin resistance. There was no difference in mortality between OB and nonobese (11.6% vs 11.5%, P = 0.96). Logistic regression showed that insulin dose (odds ratio 0.864; 95% confidence interval 0.772-0.967, P = 0.01), and not BMI, was an independent predictor of survival in this population. Obesity is not an independent risk factor for mortality in the surgical critical care population. Insulin resistance and subsequent @entity4854 are increased in @entity28 and are independent predictors of mortality.

title: @entity413 metabolism, not XXXX , predicts mortality in critically ill surgical @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Our hypothesis was to determine if insulin resistance and @entity4854 , rather than @entity28 , are predictive of mortality in the surgically critically ill. An observational study of an automated protocol in surgical and @entity130 intensive care units was performed. Two groups were created based on body mass index (BMI): Obese (OB) defined as BMI > or = 30 (n = 338) and nonobese defined as BMI < 30 (n = 885). Euglycemia was maintained using an automated protocol using an adapting multiplier, which we used as our marker of stress insulin resistance. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. One thousand, two hundred and twenty-three @entity1 met criteria with 73,225 @entity413 values. The OB group required more insulin (4.5 U/hr vs 3.2 U/hr, P < or = 0.01) and had a higher mean multiplier (0.07 vs 0.06, P < 0.01) reflecting insulin resistance. There was no difference in mortality between OB and nonobese (11.6% vs 11.5%, P = 0.96). Logistic regression showed that insulin dose (odds ratio 0.864; 95% confidence interval 0.772-0.967, P = 0.01), and not BMI, was an independent predictor of survival in this population. Obesity is not an independent risk factor for mortality in the surgical critical care population. Insulin resistance and subsequent @entity4854 are increased in @entity28 and are independent predictors of mortality.

title: XXXX metabolism, not @entity28 , predicts mortality in critically ill surgical @entity1 .

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: Our hypothesis was to determine if insulin resistance and @entity4854 , rather than @entity28 , are predictive of mortality in the surgically critically ill. An observational study of an automated protocol in surgical and @entity130 intensive care units was performed. Two groups were created based on body mass index (BMI): Obese (OB) defined as BMI > or = 30 (n = 338) and nonobese defined as BMI < 30 (n = 885). Euglycemia was maintained using an automated protocol using an adapting multiplier, which we used as our marker of stress insulin resistance. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. One thousand, two hundred and twenty-three @entity1 met criteria with 73,225 @entity413 values. The OB group required more insulin (4.5 U/hr vs 3.2 U/hr, P < or = 0.01) and had a higher mean multiplier (0.07 vs 0.06, P < 0.01) reflecting insulin resistance. There was no difference in mortality between OB and nonobese (11.6% vs 11.5%, P = 0.96). Logistic regression showed that insulin dose (odds ratio 0.864; 95% confidence interval 0.772-0.967, P = 0.01), and not BMI, was an independent predictor of survival in this population. Obesity is not an independent risk factor for mortality in the surgical critical care population. Insulin resistance and subsequent @entity4854 are increased in @entity28 and are independent predictors of mortality.

title: @entity413 metabolism, not @entity28 , predicts mortality in critically ill surgical XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Primary @entity259 or spindle cell component in the @entity259 are very rare. The @entity5 cells were positive for @entity3557 markers. So these @entity5 were diagnosed as spindle cell variant of @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ). To further delineate clinico-pathological features of primary @entity259 and discuss differential diagnosis, we reported a 67-year-old @entity1 with a mass in the right thyroid without clinical symptom. Microscopy revealed that an encapsulated @entity5 with lot criss spindle cells arranged in bundles. Nuclear grooves were easy to see and rare displayed pseudoinclusions. Immunohistochemical studied showed that the spindle cells were all strong positive for @entity10922 , @entity15529 , @entity3745 . Rare follicular were seen in the periphery of the @entity5 near the thyroid tissue. The cells formed follicular but the @entity5 cells were positive for pan-keratins. The pathological diagnosis was primary @entity259 , suspected spindle cell variant of @entity3557 . Primary @entity259 were presence and without the unified name. The further reports and more discussion were need about these @entity5 .

title: Primary XXXX : spindle cell variant of @entity3557 ?

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC', 'thyroid papillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'spindle tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid tumors', 'thyroid spindle cell tumors']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['thyroid spindle cell tumors']


abstract: Primary @entity259 or spindle cell component in the @entity259 are very rare. The @entity5 cells were positive for @entity3557 markers. So these @entity5 were diagnosed as spindle cell variant of @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ). To further delineate clinico-pathological features of primary @entity259 and discuss differential diagnosis, we reported a 67-year-old @entity1 with a mass in the right thyroid without clinical symptom. Microscopy revealed that an encapsulated @entity5 with lot criss spindle cells arranged in bundles. Nuclear grooves were easy to see and rare displayed pseudoinclusions. Immunohistochemical studied showed that the spindle cells were all strong positive for @entity10922 , @entity15529 , @entity3745 . Rare follicular were seen in the periphery of the @entity5 near the thyroid tissue. The cells formed follicular but the @entity5 cells were positive for pan-keratins. The pathological diagnosis was primary @entity259 , suspected spindle cell variant of @entity3557 . Primary @entity259 were presence and without the unified name. The further reports and more discussion were need about these @entity5 .

title: Primary @entity259 : spindle cell variant of XXXX ?

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the methodology, feasibility, safety and efficacy of a novel method called cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy (CAES) for internal @entity6713 . METHODS: A pilot study on CAES for grade   I   to III internal @entity6713 was performed. Colon and terminal ileum examination by colonoscopy was performed for all @entity1 before starting CAES. Polypectomy and excision of anal papilla @entity81 were performed if @entity1127 or anal papilla @entity81 were found and assessed to be suitable for resection under endoscopy. CAES was performed based on the requirement of the cap, endoscope, disposable endoscopic long injection needle, enough insufflated air and sclerosing agent. RESULTS: A total of 30 @entity1 with grade   I   to III internal @entity6713 was included. The follow-up was more than four weeks. No bleeding was observed after CAES. One (3.33%) @entity1 claimed mild tenesmus within four days after CAES in that an endoscopist performed this procedure for the first time. One hundred percent of @entity1 were satisfied with this novel procedure, especially for those @entity1 who underwent CAES in conjunction with polypectomy or excision of anal papilla @entity81 . CONCLUSION: CAES as a novel endoscopic sclerotherapy should be a convenient, safe and effective flexible endoscopic therapy for internal @entity6713 .

title: Cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy for XXXX : Methods, feasibility and efficacy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['fibroma']

entities_list: @entity6713 :: ('MESH:D006484', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhoids']

answer: @entity6713 :: (MESH:D006484,Disease) :: ['hemorrhoids']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the immunization efficacy of antigen and DNA vaccines after delivery to the lung, to assess the integrity of the pulmonary tissue after vaccination, and to elucidate mechanisms involved in the induction of immunity. METHODS: @entity10328 , the plasmid encoding @entity10328 , the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), or plasmid encoding HBsAg were intratracheally instilled or injected in quadriceps in @entity19 . The immune response and its Th polarization were analyzed over time. Markers of @entity32 were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung histology was performed. The fate of @entity10328 following intratracheal instillation was studied. RESULTS: According to the vaccine, the pulmonary route produced stronger or equivalent humoral and cellular responses systemically and locally in the lung as compared to injection. The IgG subclasses and cytokine pattern indicate that the immunity was preferentially polarized toward the @entity61 and @entity630 type for antigen and DNA immunization, respectively. @entity10328 penetrated the respiratory tissue and blood poorly after intratracheal instillation, suggesting that the immune response was triggered at airway surfaces. Overall, vaccines delivered to the lung did not induce any local sign of @entity32 . CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary administration of vaccines might be a promising alternative to conventional vaccination by injection.

title: Local and systemic immune responses to intratracheal instillation of antigen and DNA vaccines in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assist in selecting treatment for @entity1 with brain metastases, the current study assessed the risk of adverse outcomes after contemporary resection of metastatic @entity1313 in relation to @entity1 , surgeon, and hospital characteristics, with particular attention to the volume of care and trends in outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 13,685 admissions from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample between 1988-2000 was performed. Multivariate logistic, ordinal, and loglinear regression were used with endpoints of mortality, discharge disposition, length of stay, and total hospital charges. RESULTS: The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 3.1% and an additional 16.7% of @entity1 were not discharged directly home. In multivariate analyses, larger-volume centers were found to have lower mortality rates for intracranial @entity3 resection (odds ratio [OR], 0.79; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.59-1.03 [P = 0.09]). An adverse discharge disposition also was less likely at higher-volume hospitals (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.65-0.86 [P < 0.001]). For surgeon caseload, mortality was lower with higher-caseload providers (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.30-0.80 [P = 0.004]) and an adverse discharge disposition occurred significantly less frequently (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.40-0.64 [P < 0.001]). The annual number of resections increased by 79% during the study period, from 3900 (1988) to 7000 (2000). In-hospital mortality rates decreased from 4.6% (1988-1990) to 2.3% (1997-2000), a 49% relative decrease. Length of stay was reported to be significantly shorter with higher-volume providers. Hospital charges were not found to be associated significantly with hospital caseload and were found to be significantly lower after surgery that was performed by higher-caseload surgeons. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study found that higher-volume hospitals and surgeons provided superior short-term outcomes after resection of intracranial @entity3 was performed, with shorter lengths of stay and a trend toward lower charges.

title: Craniotomy for the resection of metastatic XXXX in the U.S., 1988-2000: decreasing mortality and the effect of provider caseload.

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: The addition of @entity171 to adjuvant therapy improves survival in postmenopausal @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 . We report a meta-analysis of four randomised trials of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) +/- @entity4381 (ZA) in stage II/III @entity0 to investigate the potential for enhancing the pathological response. METHODS: Individual @entity1 data from four prospective randomised clinical trials reporting the effect of the addition of ZA on the pathological response after neoadjuvant CT were pooled. Primary outcomes were pathological complete response in the breast (pCRb) and in the breast and lymph nodes (pCR). Trial-level and individual @entity1 data meta-analyses were done. Predefined subgroup-analyses were performed for postmenopausal @entity1 and @entity1 with triple-negative  @entity0 . RESULTS: pCRb and pCR data were available in 735 and 552 @entity1 respectively. In the total study population ZA addition to neoadjuvant CT did not increase pCRb or pCR rates. However, in postmenopausal @entity1 , the addition of ZA resulted in a significant, near doubling of the pCRb rate (10.8% for CT only versus 17.7% with CT+ZA; odds ratio [OR] 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-4.55) and a non-significant benefit of the pCR rate (7.8% for CT only versus 14.6% with CT+ZA; OR 2.62, 95% CI  0.90-7.62). In @entity1 with triple-negative @entity0 a trend was observed favouring CT+ZA. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis shows no impact from the addition of ZA to neoadjuvant CT on pCR. However, as has been seen in the adjuvant setting, the addition of ZA to neoadjuvant CT may augment the effects of CT in postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: Effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without XXXX on pathological response: A meta-analysis of randomised trials.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4381 :: ('MESH:C088658', 'Chemical') :: ['zoledronic acid']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates']

answer: @entity4381 :: (MESH:C088658,Chemical) :: ['zoledronic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lipid clinic models that combine diet and drug therapy have shown significantly better @entity407 management than usual care. The objective is to demonstrate that such a model can be established and utilized in a primary care practice, replicating the results obtained in specialty clinic settings. DESIGN: This study evaluated a "lipid clinic" model for @entity165 management in a primary care setting. SETTING/ @entity1 : @entity1 and @entity1 for both the study and control groups were selected from those with abnormal lipid profiles determined during the course of routine healthcare in community internal medicine group practices. INTERVENTION: Control subjects are those selected by chart review from the practices of four general internists. These physicians treated their @entity1 according to "usual practice". Study subjects are those from another general internal medicine practice who volunteered to enroll in that practice-based "lipid clinic". MEASUREMENT _ RESULTS: This program demonstrated significant reductions in total and low density lipoprotein @entity165 in @entity1 with @entity301 , @entity6 , and @entity1 without @entity301 defined as high and low risk. It used a specialty clinic-based intervention that included diet, medication, and follow-up by nurses and physicians. Almost 90% of all @entity1 were on appropriate drug therapy and achieved therapeutic goals. CONCLUSION: We believe that a primary care practice-based, lipid clinic model employing physician involvement, diet, maximal drug therapy and @entity1 tracking can result in superior achievement of treatment goals.

title: Results from a practice-based lipid clinic model in achieving low density lipoprotein XXXX goals.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Men', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: The @entity1 brain is functionally altered through experience, a phenomenon known as plasticity. Relevant experiences may be negative, as in @entity1545 . Adult @entity1545 results in @entity73 . However, it has been assumed that @entity130 leads to substantial functional recovery. Animal studies suggest several predictions regarding whether this principle generally holds true. These studies indicate that the timing of @entity1545 , relative to the expected course of neurodevelopment, impacts the extent of recovery. Injuries occurring during the period of cell migration are particularly detrimental. However, outcome must be assessed longitudinally because apparent recovery in childhood may reverse as the brain matures. Moreover, recovery of one function may come at the expense of others. Whether these findings characterize outcome following preterm birth is the focus of this review. Preterm birth is associated with high rates of @entity245 , primarily due to @entity63 events. Periventricular brain structures and white matter tracts are particularly vulnerable to damage. Through school age, preterm @entity1 exhibit diminished levels of global intellectual function, attention, memory, and reasoning skills relative to full-term peers. It is questionable whether these deficits persist. Because few studies have followed recent cohorts into young adulthood, it is argued that outcome cannot be reliably described based on the available literature. Moreover, important contributors to later development have been neglected, including both genetic and experiential factors. With improved assessment, it may be possible to develop interventions based on the individual @entity1 's constellation of genetic, biological, and sociodemographic risks.

title: Cognitive development in @entity1 born preterm: implications for theories of brain plasticity following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['permanent impairment']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental disability']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['early injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['early injury']


abstract: The @entity1 brain is functionally altered through experience, a phenomenon known as plasticity. Relevant experiences may be negative, as in @entity1545 . Adult @entity1545 results in @entity73 . However, it has been assumed that @entity130 leads to substantial functional recovery. Animal studies suggest several predictions regarding whether this principle generally holds true. These studies indicate that the timing of @entity1545 , relative to the expected course of neurodevelopment, impacts the extent of recovery. Injuries occurring during the period of cell migration are particularly detrimental. However, outcome must be assessed longitudinally because apparent recovery in childhood may reverse as the brain matures. Moreover, recovery of one function may come at the expense of others. Whether these findings characterize outcome following preterm birth is the focus of this review. Preterm birth is associated with high rates of @entity245 , primarily due to @entity63 events. Periventricular brain structures and white matter tracts are particularly vulnerable to damage. Through school age, preterm @entity1 exhibit diminished levels of global intellectual function, attention, memory, and reasoning skills relative to full-term peers. It is questionable whether these deficits persist. Because few studies have followed recent cohorts into young adulthood, it is argued that outcome cannot be reliably described based on the available literature. Moreover, important contributors to later development have been neglected, including both genetic and experiential factors. With improved assessment, it may be possible to develop interventions based on the individual @entity1 's constellation of genetic, biological, and sociodemographic risks.

title: Cognitive development in XXXX born preterm: implications for theories of brain plasticity following @entity130 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The supradiaphragmatic vena cava of the @entity35 was transplanted to the abdominal aorta in syngeneic recipients. The cells and the connective tissue matrix of these grafts were studied 3 days to 12 weeks after transplantation by immunofluorescence staining of the cytoskeletal proteins @entity10944 , @entity7229 , and myosin. The matrix proteins, collagen Types I and III, laminin, fibronectin, and fibrin(ogen) were similarly demonstrated. @entity1003 Factor VIII was used as a marker for endothelial cells. Inflammatory cells invaded the graft during Week 1, but later on the grafts were crowded with cells containing @entity7229 . Intimal thickenings developed already after 1 week. Smooth muscle cells containing @entity10944 proliferated in these thickenings. After transplantation collagen Type I increased in the graft, but collagen Type III rather decreased. During the phase of intense proliferation of smooth muscle cells the media contained a rich matrix of diffusely distributed laminin. The laminin of older grafts was confined mostly to the subintimal zone and to the intimal plaques.

title: Collagens, laminin, fibronectin, and cytoskeletal composition of cells in syngeneic aortal vein grafts in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['Blood coagulation']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity7244 ( @entity7244 ) in @entity1 with recent @entity385 is associated with a high risk of recurrent @entity64 . More insight into the pathophysiology of @entity7244 could help identify @entity1 at high risk requiring more aggressive secondary prevention. We evaluated the prevalence, distribution, @entity730 , and the risk factors predisposing @entity7244 in a @entity64 population. METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with a transient @entity63 attack or @entity385 (n=786) were evaluated for the presence and distribution of @entity7244 (>= 30% luminal narrowing) by CT angiography. @entity7244 were categorized as symptomatic or asymptomatic, and the presence of @entity730 was assessed. The association of traditional cerebrovascular risk factors and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate with @entity7244 was analyzed. RESULTS: In 178 of 786 @entity1 (23%), 288 @entity7244 were observed. Most stenoses (n=194/288; 67%) were located in the posterior circulation arteries. In 59 of 786 @entity1 (8%), @entity7244 were considered symptomatic. @entity7244 in the basilar artery and arteries beyond the circle of Willis were mainly noncalcified. In addition to age, gender, and several traditional cerebrovascular risk factors, erythrocyte sedimentation rate was independently associated with the presence of @entity7244 (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.06-1.36) and with the presence of noncalcified @entity7244 in particular (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05-1.37). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7244 was observed in a noteworthy number of @entity64 @entity1 . Particularly, the majority of @entity7244 was observed in the posterior circulation, possibly conferring worse prognosis. @entity7244 in distal arteries were mainly noncalcified. Association of noncalcified @entity7244 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate may indicate a prominent role for inflammatory factors in @entity4522 .

title: Prevalence and XXXX of intracranial arterial stenotic lesions as assessed with multidetector computed tomography angiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'European stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity7244 :: ('MESH:D020765', 'Disease') :: ['ICAS', 'Intracranial arterial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity4522 :: ('MESH:D002537', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity730 :: (MESH:D002114,Disease) :: ['calcification']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In utero exposure to @entity4854 is becoming increasingly prevalent as the number of @entity1 entering pregnancy with @entity2175 , or developing gestational @entity6 , increases. Both animal studies and epidemiologic investigations have found @entity65 in adult offspring of @entity1602 mothers (OHM). OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that adult OHM would have abnormal cardiac function in vivo and increased susceptibility to @entity63 . METHODS: Pregnant @entity35 were made @entity6 on day 12 of gestation. Serum @entity413 was monitored twice daily and insulin provided to maintain serum @entity413 at 200-400 mg/dl. Offspring were fostered to normal mothers after birth. Adult OHM were studied at 8-10 months of age with echocardiography to assess in vivo cardiac function and isolated hearts to determine the response to @entity63 . RESULTS: Echocardiography found significant @entity67 in male OHM compared to male controls. In isolated hearts, baseline cardiac function and left ventricular compliance was significantly diminished in male OHM compared to controls. @entity63 caused a significant decline in heart function in controls and female OHM, while function in male OHM remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Adult male OHM demonstrate programmed @entity299 . Given the growing number of pregnancies complicated by @entity4854 , additional assessment of cardiac function of adults born to @entity6 mothers may be warranted.

title: Programming of adult @entity65 following exposure to late-gestation XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type II diabetes']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular abnormalities']

answer: @entity4854 :: (MESH:D006943,Disease) :: ['hyperglycemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In utero exposure to @entity4854 is becoming increasingly prevalent as the number of @entity1 entering pregnancy with @entity2175 , or developing gestational @entity6 , increases. Both animal studies and epidemiologic investigations have found @entity65 in adult offspring of @entity1602 mothers (OHM). OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that adult OHM would have abnormal cardiac function in vivo and increased susceptibility to @entity63 . METHODS: Pregnant @entity35 were made @entity6 on day 12 of gestation. Serum @entity413 was monitored twice daily and insulin provided to maintain serum @entity413 at 200-400 mg/dl. Offspring were fostered to normal mothers after birth. Adult OHM were studied at 8-10 months of age with echocardiography to assess in vivo cardiac function and isolated hearts to determine the response to @entity63 . RESULTS: Echocardiography found significant @entity67 in male OHM compared to male controls. In isolated hearts, baseline cardiac function and left ventricular compliance was significantly diminished in male OHM compared to controls. @entity63 caused a significant decline in heart function in controls and female OHM, while function in male OHM remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Adult male OHM demonstrate programmed @entity299 . Given the growing number of pregnancies complicated by @entity4854 , additional assessment of cardiac function of adults born to @entity6 mothers may be warranted.

title: Programming of adult XXXX following exposure to late-gestation @entity4854 .

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: Semen of @entity233 between 31 and 52 weeks of age was analyzed to investigate the cause of reduction in @entity233 fertility at the end of the reproductive period. Sperm motility and viability, lipid concentration, @entity844 composition and lipid @entity2627 were evaluated on fresh spermatozoa or spermatozoa stored for 48h at 4 degrees C. Fertility of fresh semen was also evaluated. Fertility obtained with fresh semen decreased at 44-47 weeks of age. Ageing was also accompanied by a decrease in sperm viability (at 47 weeks) and later by a decrease in motility of spermatozoa (at 52 weeks). @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) were the first lipids of fresh spermatozoa affected by age, especially n-3 and n-9 @entity5204 . Changes in these @entity5204 were followed by a 30% increase in lipid peroxidation at 47 and 52 weeks of age and a reduction in phospholipid content at 52 weeks. In vitro storage did not cause lipid peroxidation in sperm obtained during the first half of the reproductive period but @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) levels significantly increased in sperm obtained during the second half of this period. In vitro storage also decreased phospholipid content of spermatozoa from 41 weeks of age, and viability and motility regardless of age. In conclusion, lipid alteration mainly originating from @entity5204 peroxidation could partly explain the decrease in semen quality and fertility observed with ageing. In addition, lipid peroxidation was increased during in vitro storage of spermatozoa from older @entity233 .

title: Reproductive period affects lipid composition and quality of fresh and stored spermatozoa in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity2627 :: ('MESH:D010545', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxides']

entities_list: @entity233 :: ('9103', 'Species') :: ['Turkey', 'Turkeys']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkeys']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accurate pathology reporting is important for treatment of @entity0 . The @entity7593 ( @entity7593 ) distributed guidelines for reporting @entity5 specimens in 1998. The aim of this study was to determine community-wide concordance with @entity7593 @entity0 reporting guidelines. STUDY DESIGN: Pathology reporting of stage I and II @entity0 was examined for adherence to @entity7593 guidelines. Pathology reports were reviewed from 100 consecutive cases of invasive @entity0 referred to Roswell Park Cancer Institute in 1998 to 1999 from community hospitals after excisional breast biopsy and 20 consecutive cases with excisional biopsy at RPCI. Adherence to @entity7593 guidelines for clinically relevant items was determined from the original pathology report in each case. RESULTS: One hundred one cases met the inclusion criteria. Most reports did not include at least one of the guideline required elements. Surgical margins were inked in only 77%, and the margins oriented in only 25% of @entity1 . Many specimens were not oriented by the surgeon. Grade was reported in most cases, but the Bloom Scarf Richardson grade was reported in only 6%. The presence or absence of @entity3 , and of coexisting in situ disease, was reported in 57% and 71%, respectively. The extent and type of in situ disease was reported in 47% and 49%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 pathology reporting varies widely. Key elements that affect treatment are often omitted. These include gross description and size, orientation and involvement of surgical margins, and description of histologic features, including Bloom Scarf Richardson reporting of grade and the extent of an in situ component. Passive distribution of @entity7593 practice guidelines might be insufficient to accomplish community-wide quality improvement in breast pathology reporting.

title: Concordance with XXXX pathology reporting practice guidelines.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity7593 :: ('MESH:D006478', 'Disease') :: ['College of American Pathologists', 'CAP']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['lymphovascular invasion']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although @entity3181 in Japanese is usually chronic, and of unknown etiology and idiopathic, @entity2403 is rare as an underlying disorder of @entity3181 in Japanese. To clarify the Behcet-induced @entity3181 , the clinical course and pathologic findings of @entity1 with Behcet-induced @entity3181 were compared with those of @entity1 with idiopathic @entity3181 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We treated 45 @entity1 (15 @entity1 and 30 @entity1 ) with our devised surgical procedure. With normothermic partial bypass, the occluded vena cava and hepatic veins were reopened. The age of the @entity1 ranged from 24 to 76 years (mean, 48.9 13.0 years). In two @entity1 , @entity3181 was induced by @entity2403 (Behcet group). The other 43 @entity1 (control group) had no distinct underlying disorder. The Behcet group was compared to the control group with regards to (1) onset of symptoms and duration of illness prior to medical treatment, (2) preoperative laboratory data including liver function, (3) intraoperative findings, (4) microscopic findings of liver tissue, and (5) postoperative course. RESULTS: (1) In the Behcet group, duration of illness from diagnosis to surgical treatment was markedly shorter (P=0.027, 8.5 months vs. 10.1 10.6 years). (2) The preoperative laboratory data of liver function were similar in both groups with moderately @entity409 . (3) The Behcet group had no patent hepatic vein (P=0.025 vs. 1.22 0.57). (4) Microscopic examination of the liver tissue showed @entity1575 or @entity1575 in the control group, and centrilobular marked congestion only in the Behcet group. (5) During hospitalization, one @entity1 of the control group died due to preoperative severe @entity1578 . One @entity1 with @entity2403 underwent reoperation due to reocclusion by Behcet-induced @entity1333 , and the other died of @entity298 by intestinal @entity2403 . CONCLUSION: In @entity3181 in Japanese, the Behcet-induced @entity3181 had an acute clinical course, and its postoperative prognosis depends on the prognosis of the @entity2403 .

title: Surgical treatment of @entity3181 induced by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['impaired hepatic function']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['Budd-Chiari syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis', 'liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity2403 :: ('MESH:D001528', 'Disease') :: ["Behcet's disease"]

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity2403 :: (MESH:D001528,Disease) :: ['Behcet's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although @entity3181 in Japanese is usually chronic, and of unknown etiology and idiopathic, @entity2403 is rare as an underlying disorder of @entity3181 in Japanese. To clarify the Behcet-induced @entity3181 , the clinical course and pathologic findings of @entity1 with Behcet-induced @entity3181 were compared with those of @entity1 with idiopathic @entity3181 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We treated 45 @entity1 (15 @entity1 and 30 @entity1 ) with our devised surgical procedure. With normothermic partial bypass, the occluded vena cava and hepatic veins were reopened. The age of the @entity1 ranged from 24 to 76 years (mean, 48.9 13.0 years). In two @entity1 , @entity3181 was induced by @entity2403 (Behcet group). The other 43 @entity1 (control group) had no distinct underlying disorder. The Behcet group was compared to the control group with regards to (1) onset of symptoms and duration of illness prior to medical treatment, (2) preoperative laboratory data including liver function, (3) intraoperative findings, (4) microscopic findings of liver tissue, and (5) postoperative course. RESULTS: (1) In the Behcet group, duration of illness from diagnosis to surgical treatment was markedly shorter (P=0.027, 8.5 months vs. 10.1 10.6 years). (2) The preoperative laboratory data of liver function were similar in both groups with moderately @entity409 . (3) The Behcet group had no patent hepatic vein (P=0.025 vs. 1.22 0.57). (4) Microscopic examination of the liver tissue showed @entity1575 or @entity1575 in the control group, and centrilobular marked congestion only in the Behcet group. (5) During hospitalization, one @entity1 of the control group died due to preoperative severe @entity1578 . One @entity1 with @entity2403 underwent reoperation due to reocclusion by Behcet-induced @entity1333 , and the other died of @entity298 by intestinal @entity2403 . CONCLUSION: In @entity3181 in Japanese, the Behcet-induced @entity3181 had an acute clinical course, and its postoperative prognosis depends on the prognosis of the @entity2403 .

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX induced by @entity2403 .

answer: @entity3181 :: (MESH:D006502,Disease) :: ['Budd-Chiari syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: Laparoscopic hernia repair has emerged as an effective alternative method for treating @entity169 . It has several significant advantages over the tension-free open repair now in use. In this report we summarize our laparoscopic hernia repair results and recommendations. METHODS: The transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) procedures for groin @entity547 performed between January 2003 and January 2008 at a single center were analyzed retrospectively. Individual surgeon performances were compared to determine whether the rates of complications were related to the level of surgeon experience. RESULTS: A total of 312 TAPP procedures were reviewed, and 284 (91%) of the @entity1 were followed retrospectively. There were 266 (85.25%) males and 46 (14.75%) females. The average age was 57.4 years. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.1 days. The mean duration of surgery was 35 min. Six (1.92%) intraoperative and seven (2.24%) postoperative complications were noted. Two recurrences occurred (0.70%). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic TAPP hernia repair has proven to be an efficient method for the treatment of groin @entity547 at our institution. Most @entity1 can be treated as day-cases, namely they are hospitalized for 1 day, and they demonstrate a low recurrence rate (0.70%). Such low morbidity makes TAPP an attractive method for the routine treatment of groin @entity547 .

title: Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal approach for XXXX repair: a five-year experience at a single center.

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['inguinal hernias']

answer: @entity169 :: (MESH:D006552,Disease) :: ['inguinal hernia']


abstract: @entity8019 is a neurodegenerative @entity1112 . It is characterized by abnormal function of peroxisomes, which leads to an accumulation of very long-chain @entity1718 in plasma and tissues, especially in the cortex of @entity149 , causing @entity17 and @entity5343 ( @entity5343 ). It is caused by a mutation in the @entity24382 gene ( @entity855 -binding cassette, subfamily D, member 1), which encodes the protein @entity8019 that is involved in the transport of @entity1718 into the peroxisome for degradation. Variable expression has been recognized in families of @entity1 who have this disease. A Brazilian family from Minas Gerais State, Brazil, was studied. The proband is an adult living in Minas Gerais State, Brazil; he had @entity8019 , @entity5343 and a stable cerebral form. DNA was extracted from a blood sample and was sequenced to identify the mutation. The @entity1 's exons were cloned for confirmation. A new mutation was found in exon 5 of the @entity24382 gene ( @entity72658 ), as well as a single-nucleotide polymorphism in exon 6. The mutation causes a frame shift, resulting in a truncated protein with almost total absence of the @entity855 binding domain.

title: Novel exon nucleotide deletion causes XXXX in a Brazilian family.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelinating disease']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked recessive disorder']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal glands and white matter of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity5343 :: ('MESH:D000224', 'Disease') :: ['adrenocortical insufficiency', "Addison's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity8019 :: ('MESH:D000326', 'Disease') :: ['adrenoleukodystrophy', 'adrenomyeloneuropathy', 'Adrenoleukodystrophy']

answer: @entity8019 :: (MESH:D000326,Disease) :: ['adrenoleukodystrophy']


abstract: To study the protective effects of the antioxidant @entity224 dismutase (SOD) against platelet-activating factor ( @entity5567 )-induced endothelial permeability. Endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated from @entity1 umbilical veins from normal pregnancies. The first passage (P1) ECs were grown in polycarbonate transwell filters. Confluent ECs were incubated with @entity5567 at concentrations of 2, 5, and 10 microgram/mL for 2 hours or pretreated with @entity224 dismutase. Endothelial monolayer permeability was then measured by EC electrical resistance or by the leakage of horseradish @entity2625 (HRP) passing through filters. Endothelial junctional protein distribution and expression of @entity3545 and @entity11177 were determined by fluorescent staining of endothelial monolayer and by Western blot analysis. mRNA expressions for @entity3545 and @entity11177 were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Data are expressed as Omega. cm(2) for electrical resistance and DeltaOD 470 nm for HRP assay and presented as mean +/- standard error of the mean. Analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. A P value less than.05 was considered statistically significant. Endothelial cell electrical resistance was decreased and HRP leakage was increased in ECs treated with @entity5567 . Intercellular gaps were formed at cell contact regions in ECs treated with @entity5567 , as evaluated by staining of junctional protein @entity3545 and @entity11177 . The functional changes of the EC barrier and the formation of intercellular gaps induced by @entity5567 were concentration dependent, which could be partially attenuated by pretreatment of ECs with SOD. Total cellular junctional protein expression and mRNA expression of @entity3545 and @entity11177 were not affected by @entity5567 . Increased EC monolayer permeability induced by platelet-activating factor is associated with disorganization of EC junctional protein distribution of @entity3545 and @entity11177 . @entity224 dismutase partially attenuated the @entity5567 -induced increased endothelial monolayer permeability, which suggests that oxidative stress might be involved in the process of @entity5567 -induced disturbances of endothelial barrier function.

title: Antioxidant XXXX dismutase attenuates increased endothelial permeability induced by platelet-activating factor.

entities_list: @entity2625 :: ('CHEBI:44785', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxide']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide', 'Superoxide']

answer: @entity224 :: (MESH:D013481,Chemical) :: ['superoxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate survivals from cervical @entity5 , with special reference to effects of glandular histology and its influence on prognostic characteristics and management decisions. METHODS: Data on cervical @entity5 , diagnosed in 1984-2000, were obtained from the gynecologic oncology registry of hospitals of the University of Adelaide. Comparisons were made of disease-specific survival, age at diagnosis, diagnostic period, stage, grade, and primary course of treatment. RESULTS: The study included 544 @entity957 , 43 @entity1962 , @entity5 , 136 other @entity420 , and 19 @entity5 of "other" histological type. Overall survival was 72.2% at 5 years from diagnosis, decreasing to 67.5% at 15 years. Survival was lower for older ages, higher grades, and higher International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages, although equivalent for stages IIA and IIB. Unadjusted survivals varied by histological type (P =.001), with lower survivals suggested for adenosquamous and clear cell lesions and "other" histological types than for @entity957 and other @entity420 . After adjusting for age, stage, grade, and diagnostic period, @entity420 had a higher case fatality than squamous cell lesions (relative risk 2.08, 95% confidence limit 1.35, 3.21), whereas the elevation in relative risk was lower and not statistically significant for a combined adenosquamous and clear cell category at 1.25 (0.69, 2.24). For stage II, both @entity420 and the adenosquamous and clear cell group had lower survivals than @entity1544 . CONCLUSION: Relative to @entity957 , @entity420 and potentially @entity5 are becoming more common. This has implications for screening, treatment, and prognosis.

title: XXXX : effect of glandular cell type on prognosis, treatment, and survival.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['five clear cell cancers', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'adenosquamous cancers']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancers']

entities_list: @entity1962 :: ('MESH:D018196', 'Disease') :: ['adenosquamous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cervical cancer']


abstract: AIMS: (i) To compare the ratio of right ventricular systolic to diastolic duration ( @entity168 / @entity336 ) in @entity1 with @entity2914 ( @entity2914 ) and normal controls and (ii) to examine its association, if any, with outcomes in @entity2914 . METHODS:     Retrospective chart and echocardiographic review of consecutive neonates (<1 month old) with @entity2914 and term controls without structural @entity299 . Right ventricular @entity168 / @entity336 was calculated by a single reader. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity2914 (n = 29) were comparable to controls (n = 27) in their mean ( @entity168 ) age [2.2 (3.3) vs. 2 (4.0) days], birthweight [3 (0.67) vs. 3 (0.69) kg] and proportion of males (48.2% vs. 72.4%). The @entity336 and @entity168 / @entity336 were significantly abnormal in the @entity2914 group, compared to controls. Among @entity1 with @entity2914 , those who died (n = 15) and those who died or required ECMO (n = 17) had significantly shorter @entity336 and higher @entity168 / @entity336 ratio. At a cut-off of 1.3, @entity168 / @entity336 ratio had a sensitivity of 92.8 (95% CI 64-99%) and specificity of 61.5 (32-85%) for prediction of mortality. Significant independent associations with mortality were observed with antenatal diagnosis (p = 0.003) and higher @entity168 / @entity336 ratio (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The right ventricular @entity168 / @entity336 ratio is a sensitive objective prognostic marker in @entity1 with @entity2914 . Further studies incorporating @entity168 / @entity336 ratio as a guide to intervention are warranted.

title: The right ventricular systolic to diastolic duration ratio: a simple prognostic marker in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['CDH', 'congenital diaphragmatic hernia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart defects']

answer: @entity2914 :: (MESH:D065630,Disease) :: ['congenital diaphragmatic hernia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of @entity21243 (UA) on the invasion and @entity3 of @entity43 cell HO-8910PM and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: @entity98 assay was performed to examine the effects of UA on the proliferation of @entity43 cells HO-8910PM in vitro. The effects of UA on the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM were evaluated using Transwell chambers attached with @entity6027 filters and reconstituted basement membrane. Gelatin zymography was performed to detect the activity of gelatinase in the HO-8910PM cells. The expressions of @entity1476 and @entity1495 in the HO-8910PM cells were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: UA inhibited the proliferation of HO-8910PM cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. There was a statistically significant difference in the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM cells between the UA treated cells and the controls (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). UA inhibited the activity of gelatinase of the treated cells. CONCLUSION: UA downregulated the expressions of @entity1476 and @entity1495 . UA inhibits the invasion and @entity3 of HO-8910PM cells, probably through inhibiting the activity of gelatinase and the expressions of @entity1476 and @entity1495 .

title: [Inhibitive effect of @entity21243 on the invasion and XXXX of @entity43 cells HO-8910PM].

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6027 :: ('CHEBI:61433', 'Chemical') :: ['polycarbonate']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity21243 :: ('MESH:C005466', 'Chemical') :: ['ursolic acid']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of @entity21243 (UA) on the invasion and @entity3 of @entity43 cell HO-8910PM and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: @entity98 assay was performed to examine the effects of UA on the proliferation of @entity43 cells HO-8910PM in vitro. The effects of UA on the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM were evaluated using Transwell chambers attached with @entity6027 filters and reconstituted basement membrane. Gelatin zymography was performed to detect the activity of gelatinase in the HO-8910PM cells. The expressions of @entity1476 and @entity1495 in the HO-8910PM cells were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: UA inhibited the proliferation of HO-8910PM cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. There was a statistically significant difference in the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM cells between the UA treated cells and the controls (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). UA inhibited the activity of gelatinase of the treated cells. CONCLUSION: UA downregulated the expressions of @entity1476 and @entity1495 . UA inhibits the invasion and @entity3 of HO-8910PM cells, probably through inhibiting the activity of gelatinase and the expressions of @entity1476 and @entity1495 .

title: [Inhibitive effect of @entity21243 on the invasion and @entity3 of XXXX cells HO-8910PM].

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of @entity21243 (UA) on the invasion and @entity3 of @entity43 cell HO-8910PM and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: @entity98 assay was performed to examine the effects of UA on the proliferation of @entity43 cells HO-8910PM in vitro. The effects of UA on the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM were evaluated using Transwell chambers attached with @entity6027 filters and reconstituted basement membrane. Gelatin zymography was performed to detect the activity of gelatinase in the HO-8910PM cells. The expressions of @entity1476 and @entity1495 in the HO-8910PM cells were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: UA inhibited the proliferation of HO-8910PM cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. There was a statistically significant difference in the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM cells between the UA treated cells and the controls (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). UA inhibited the activity of gelatinase of the treated cells. CONCLUSION: UA downregulated the expressions of @entity1476 and @entity1495 . UA inhibits the invasion and @entity3 of HO-8910PM cells, probably through inhibiting the activity of gelatinase and the expressions of @entity1476 and @entity1495 .

title: [Inhibitive effect of XXXX on the invasion and @entity3 of @entity43 cells HO-8910PM].

answer: @entity21243 :: (MESH:C005466,Chemical) :: ['ursolic acid']


abstract: We determined the in vitro susceptibilities of 314 strains of Candida spp., representing 13 species rarely isolated from blood, to @entity7143 and @entity5074 as well as four licensed systemic antifungal agents ( @entity2379 , @entity4895 , @entity2380 , and @entity2059 ). The organisms included 153 isolates of C. krusei, 67 isolates of @entity19323 , 48 isolates of @entity18203 , 10 isolates of C. famata, 10 isolates of C. kefyr, 6 isolates of C. pelliculosa, 5 isolates of @entity24135 , 4 isolates of @entity10057 , 3 isolates of @entity18873 , 3 isolates of C. inconspicua, 2 isolates of C. sake, and 1 isolate each of C. lambica, C. norvegensis, and C. zeylanoides. MIC determinations were made by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards reference broth microdilution method and Etest ( @entity2379 ). Resistance to both @entity2379 and @entity2380 was observed in strains of C. krusei, @entity19323 , @entity18203 , C. inconspicua, and C. sake. Resistance to @entity2379 , but not to @entity2380 , was also observed among isolates of C. kefyr and @entity24135 . @entity7143 and @entity5074 were active (MIC, < or = 1 micro g/ml) against 94 to 100% of these isolates. In contrast to the more common species of Candida causing bloodstream infection, these rare species appear to be less susceptible to the currently licensed systemic antifungal agents, with the exception of @entity5074 . Continued surveillance will be necessary to detect the emergence of these species as more prevalent, resistant pathogens. The new @entity5627 appear to offer acceptable coverage of uncommon Candida sp. bloodstream infections.

title: In vitro activities of @entity5074 , XXXX , and four licensed systemic antifungal agents against Candida species infrequently isolated from blood.

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity18203 :: ('4929', 'Species') :: ['C. guilliermondii']

entities_list: @entity5627 :: ('MESH:D014230', 'Chemical') :: ['triazoles']

entities_list: @entity4895 :: ('MESH:D005437', 'Chemical') :: ['flucytosine']

entities_list: @entity5074 :: ('MESH:C102790', 'Chemical') :: ['voriconazole']

entities_list: @entity7143 :: ('MESH:C101425', 'Chemical') :: ['Posaconazole', 'posaconazole']

entities_list: @entity2059 :: ('MESH:D017964', 'Chemical') :: ['itraconazole']

answer: @entity7143 :: (MESH:C101425,Chemical) :: ['posaconazole']


abstract: We determined the in vitro susceptibilities of 314 strains of Candida spp., representing 13 species rarely isolated from blood, to @entity7143 and @entity5074 as well as four licensed systemic antifungal agents ( @entity2379 , @entity4895 , @entity2380 , and @entity2059 ). The organisms included 153 isolates of C. krusei, 67 isolates of @entity19323 , 48 isolates of @entity18203 , 10 isolates of C. famata, 10 isolates of C. kefyr, 6 isolates of C. pelliculosa, 5 isolates of @entity24135 , 4 isolates of @entity10057 , 3 isolates of @entity18873 , 3 isolates of C. inconspicua, 2 isolates of C. sake, and 1 isolate each of C. lambica, C. norvegensis, and C. zeylanoides. MIC determinations were made by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards reference broth microdilution method and Etest ( @entity2379 ). Resistance to both @entity2379 and @entity2380 was observed in strains of C. krusei, @entity19323 , @entity18203 , C. inconspicua, and C. sake. Resistance to @entity2379 , but not to @entity2380 , was also observed among isolates of C. kefyr and @entity24135 . @entity7143 and @entity5074 were active (MIC, < or = 1 micro g/ml) against 94 to 100% of these isolates. In contrast to the more common species of Candida causing bloodstream infection, these rare species appear to be less susceptible to the currently licensed systemic antifungal agents, with the exception of @entity5074 . Continued surveillance will be necessary to detect the emergence of these species as more prevalent, resistant pathogens. The new @entity5627 appear to offer acceptable coverage of uncommon Candida sp. bloodstream infections.

title: In vitro activities of XXXX , @entity7143 , and four licensed systemic antifungal agents against Candida species infrequently isolated from blood.

answer: @entity5074 :: (MESH:C102790,Chemical) :: ['voriconazole']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between cytokine levels and the pathological changes under arthroscopy in @entity626 of Blood Stasis type. METHODS: From 2009.2 to 2010.3, 90 @entity1 with @entity626 were reviewed. Among the @entity1 , 17 @entity1 were male and 73 @entity1 were female, ranging in age from 40 to 70 years, averaged 57.2 years, the duration of the disease ranged from 1 month to 10 years, with a mean of 3.4 years. Thirty-one @entity1 had @entity571 in left knee, and 59 @entity1 in right knee. The @entity1 had the syndrome of @entity1503 . All the @entity1 had @entity158 ; most @entity1 had joint interlocking; and all the @entity1 didn't have joint @entity4 . The synovial fluid was collected before surgery, and ELISA was used to detect the contents of interleukin-1beta and transforming growth factor-beta1. At the same time, the pathological changes of the joint were observed under the arthroscopy. Based on the above datum analysis, the severity of @entity626 of @entity1503 type was studied, and the correlation between different types of pathological changes under arthroscopy and cytokine levels was analyzed. RESULTS: The contents of @entity1356 and @entity2533 in synovial fluid were (28.18 +/- 5.57) pg/ml and (51.69 +/- 6.56) pg/ml respectively. The level of @entity1356 of grade III-IV @entity528 was (30.65 +/- 3.48) pg/ml, which was significantly higher than (20.55 +/- 3.50) pg/ml of grade I-II @entity528 group; the level of @entity2533 of grade I-II @entity528 was (58.18 +/- 3.98) pg/ml,which was significantly higher than (49.59 +/- 5.83) pg/ml of grade II-IV @entity528 group. @entity1356 and @entity528 was positively correlated, the correlation coefficient was 0.744; @entity2533 and @entity528 was negatively correlated, the correlation coefficient was -0.563. The level of @entity1356 of grade II-III @entity1373 was (33.48 +/- 2.95) pg/ml, which was significantly higher than (25.40 +/- 4.50) pg/ml of grade I @entity1373 group; IL-beta was positively correlated with @entity1373 , the cor- relation coefficient was 0.801. The levels of @entity1356 of grade I @entity5040 formation was (34.18 +/- 2.69) pg/ml, which was significantly higher than (25.74 +/- 4.48) pg/ml of grade 0 @entity5040 formation group; the level of @entity2533 of grade 0 @entity5040 formation was (53.11 +/- 6.78) pg/ml, which was higher than (48.21 +/- 4.47) pg/ml of grade I @entity5040 formation group. @entity1356 was positively correlated with @entity5040 formation, the correlation coefficient was 0.762; @entity2533 was negatively correlated with @entity5040 formation, the correlation coefficient was - 0.340. CONCLUSION: All the @entity1 with @entity626 identified as @entity1503 have pathological changes such as articular cartilage @entity528 . The level of @entity1356 has important reference value to estimate the severity of @entity528 , @entity1373 and @entity5040 proliferation.

title: [Study on correlation between the pathological changes under arthroscopy and the cytokine levels in the XXXX of the Blood Stasis type].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['synovial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity5040 :: ('MESH:D054850', 'Disease') :: ['osteophyte']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood stasis', 'blood stasis syndrome']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain and morning stiffness']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration and synovial hyperplasia', 'cartilage degeneration']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Prospective data on the association between @entity13490 levels and @entity65 ( @entity65 ) events are sparse with conflicting results. METHODS: We studied 3044 aged 70-79 years from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. @entity65 events were defined as @entity301 ( @entity301 ) or @entity64 events.   Hard      @entity301 events were defined as @entity301 death or @entity583 . We estimated hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) according to the quartiles of serum @entity13490 concentrations and adjusted for clinical variables, and then further adjusted for @entity209 (body mass index, fasting plasma @entity413 , abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, leptin, @entity1254 , @entity2690 ) and @entity32 ( @entity1851 , @entity650 , @entity5 @entity39 factors-a). RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 10.1 years, 559 @entity1 had      hard      @entity301 events, 884 @entity301 events and 1106 @entity65 Events. Unadjusted incidence rate for @entity65 events was 36.6 (95% CI 32.1-41.1) per 1000 @entity1 -year in the lowest quartile and 54.0 per 1000 @entity1 -year in the highest quartile (95% CI 48.2-59.8, P for trend  <  0.001). In the multivariate models adjusted for clinical variables, HRs for the highest vs. lowest quartile of @entity13490 was 1.52 (95% CI 1.20-1.93, P  <  0.001) for      Hard      @entity301 events, 1.41 (95% CI 1.16-1.70, P  =  0.001) for @entity301 events and 1.35 (95% CI 1.14-1.59, P  =  0.002) for @entity65 events. Further adjustment for @entity209 slightly reduced the associations while adjustment for @entity32 markedly reduced the associations. CONCLUSIONS: In older adults, higher @entity13490 levels are associated with @entity65 events independently of clinical risk factors and @entity209 markers, but markedly @entity32 .

title: Association between @entity13490 levels and XXXX events in older adults: the Health, Aging and Body composition study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'attenuated by inflammation']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Prospective data on the association between @entity13490 levels and @entity65 ( @entity65 ) events are sparse with conflicting results. METHODS: We studied 3044 aged 70-79 years from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. @entity65 events were defined as @entity301 ( @entity301 ) or @entity64 events.   Hard      @entity301 events were defined as @entity301 death or @entity583 . We estimated hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) according to the quartiles of serum @entity13490 concentrations and adjusted for clinical variables, and then further adjusted for @entity209 (body mass index, fasting plasma @entity413 , abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, leptin, @entity1254 , @entity2690 ) and @entity32 ( @entity1851 , @entity650 , @entity5 @entity39 factors-a). RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 10.1 years, 559 @entity1 had      hard      @entity301 events, 884 @entity301 events and 1106 @entity65 Events. Unadjusted incidence rate for @entity65 events was 36.6 (95% CI 32.1-41.1) per 1000 @entity1 -year in the lowest quartile and 54.0 per 1000 @entity1 -year in the highest quartile (95% CI 48.2-59.8, P for trend  <  0.001). In the multivariate models adjusted for clinical variables, HRs for the highest vs. lowest quartile of @entity13490 was 1.52 (95% CI 1.20-1.93, P  <  0.001) for      Hard      @entity301 events, 1.41 (95% CI 1.16-1.70, P  =  0.001) for @entity301 events and 1.35 (95% CI 1.14-1.59, P  =  0.002) for @entity65 events. Further adjustment for @entity209 slightly reduced the associations while adjustment for @entity32 markedly reduced the associations. CONCLUSIONS: In older adults, higher @entity13490 levels are associated with @entity65 events independently of clinical risk factors and @entity209 markers, but markedly @entity32 .

title: Association between XXXX levels and @entity65 events in older adults: the Health, Aging and Body composition study.

answer: @entity13490 :: (56729,Gene) :: ['resistin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate early improvement associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment as a predictor of later response or remission among @entity1 experiencing an acute @entity162 or mixed episode without @entity716 features. METHOD: A post hoc analysis was performed on data from a 3-week, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of @entity1037 (N = 147) or @entity1090 (N = 127) to treat inpatients aged 18-70 years meeting DSM-IV criteria for @entity162 . Early improvement, measured as percent change (>=  25% and >=  50% cut points) in the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) total score, was assessed after 2 days and 1 week of treatment. Receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity and specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated to determine whether early improvement predicted endpoint (week 3) response or remission. The study was conducted from July 2001 through June 2002. RESULTS: Among 234 @entity1 with >=  25% reduction in YMRS total score at week one, 167 (71.4%) responded and 121 (51.7%) remitted at endpoint. Of the 40 @entity1 with < 25% improvement, 25% (n = 10) responded and 5% (n = 2) remitted at endpoint. A total of 157 @entity1 had a >=  50% reduction in week 1 YMRS total score, of whom 132 (84.1%) responded and 101 (64.3%) remitted at endpoint. Of the 117 @entity1 with < 50% improvement, 45 (38.5%) responded and 22 (18.8%) remitted at endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in @entity162 or mixed symptoms at week 1 appears to be a good predictor of treatment outcome. @entity1 not having sufficient improvement (< 25% reduction in YMRS score) were less likely to reach response or remission by week 3. @entity1 who achieved response by week 1 (>=  50% reduction in YMRS score) were likely to remain responders at endpoint. These data suggest the potential to assess benefit in the treatment of @entity162 or mixed symptoms within 1 week of initiating @entity1037 or @entity1090 .

title: Clinical utility of early improvement to predict response or remission in acute @entity162 : focus on XXXX and @entity1090 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['manic', 'bipolar I disorder']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity1037 :: (MESH:C076029,Chemical) :: ['olanzapine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate early improvement associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment as a predictor of later response or remission among @entity1 experiencing an acute @entity162 or mixed episode without @entity716 features. METHOD: A post hoc analysis was performed on data from a 3-week, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of @entity1037 (N = 147) or @entity1090 (N = 127) to treat inpatients aged 18-70 years meeting DSM-IV criteria for @entity162 . Early improvement, measured as percent change (>=  25% and >=  50% cut points) in the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) total score, was assessed after 2 days and 1 week of treatment. Receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity and specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated to determine whether early improvement predicted endpoint (week 3) response or remission. The study was conducted from July 2001 through June 2002. RESULTS: Among 234 @entity1 with >=  25% reduction in YMRS total score at week one, 167 (71.4%) responded and 121 (51.7%) remitted at endpoint. Of the 40 @entity1 with < 25% improvement, 25% (n = 10) responded and 5% (n = 2) remitted at endpoint. A total of 157 @entity1 had a >=  50% reduction in week 1 YMRS total score, of whom 132 (84.1%) responded and 101 (64.3%) remitted at endpoint. Of the 117 @entity1 with < 50% improvement, 45 (38.5%) responded and 22 (18.8%) remitted at endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in @entity162 or mixed symptoms at week 1 appears to be a good predictor of treatment outcome. @entity1 not having sufficient improvement (< 25% reduction in YMRS score) were less likely to reach response or remission by week 3. @entity1 who achieved response by week 1 (>=  50% reduction in YMRS score) were likely to remain responders at endpoint. These data suggest the potential to assess benefit in the treatment of @entity162 or mixed symptoms within 1 week of initiating @entity1037 or @entity1090 .

title: Clinical utility of early improvement to predict response or remission in acute @entity162 : focus on @entity1037 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1090 :: (MESH:D018967,Chemical) :: ['risperidone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate early improvement associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment as a predictor of later response or remission among @entity1 experiencing an acute @entity162 or mixed episode without @entity716 features. METHOD: A post hoc analysis was performed on data from a 3-week, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of @entity1037 (N = 147) or @entity1090 (N = 127) to treat inpatients aged 18-70 years meeting DSM-IV criteria for @entity162 . Early improvement, measured as percent change (>=  25% and >=  50% cut points) in the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) total score, was assessed after 2 days and 1 week of treatment. Receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity and specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated to determine whether early improvement predicted endpoint (week 3) response or remission. The study was conducted from July 2001 through June 2002. RESULTS: Among 234 @entity1 with >=  25% reduction in YMRS total score at week one, 167 (71.4%) responded and 121 (51.7%) remitted at endpoint. Of the 40 @entity1 with < 25% improvement, 25% (n = 10) responded and 5% (n = 2) remitted at endpoint. A total of 157 @entity1 had a >=  50% reduction in week 1 YMRS total score, of whom 132 (84.1%) responded and 101 (64.3%) remitted at endpoint. Of the 117 @entity1 with < 50% improvement, 45 (38.5%) responded and 22 (18.8%) remitted at endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in @entity162 or mixed symptoms at week 1 appears to be a good predictor of treatment outcome. @entity1 not having sufficient improvement (< 25% reduction in YMRS score) were less likely to reach response or remission by week 3. @entity1 who achieved response by week 1 (>=  50% reduction in YMRS score) were likely to remain responders at endpoint. These data suggest the potential to assess benefit in the treatment of @entity162 or mixed symptoms within 1 week of initiating @entity1037 or @entity1090 .

title: Clinical utility of early improvement to predict response or remission in acute XXXX : focus on @entity1037 and @entity1090 .

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['mania']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and long-term clinical benefits of @entity734 for dialysis @entity1 . BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with @entity734 ( @entity734 ) implantation is associated with lower rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) or mortality compared to bare-metal stents (BMS). METHODS: From a nationwide cohort selected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we enrolled 2,835 dialysis @entity1 who were hospitalized for PCI treatment with stent implantation from Dec 1, 2006. Follow-up was from the date of index hospitalization for PCI until the first MACE, date of @entity204 , or December 31, 2011, whichever came first. RESULTS: A total of 738 @entity1 (26.0%) had @entity734 implanted, and 2,097 (74%) had BMS implanted. The medium time to the first MACE was 0.53 years (interquartile range: 0.89 years; range: 0-4.62 years). At 1-year follow-up, @entity1 treated with BMS had significantly, non-fatal @entity583 ( @entity583 ), all-cause mortality, and composite MACE compared to those treated with @entity734 . The overall repeat revascularization with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), non-fatal @entity583 , all-cause mortality, and composite MACE were significantly lower in @entity1 treated with @entity734 than those treated with BMS. Multivariate cox regression analysis showed that older age, history of @entity6 , history of @entity712 , history of @entity64 , and @entity734 vs. BMS were independent significant predictors of MACE. CONCLUSIONS: @entity734 implantation conferred survival benefits in dialysis @entity1 compared with BMS implantation.

title: Dialysis XXXX with Implanted Drug-Eluting Stents Have Lower Major Cardiac Events and Mortality than Those with Implanted Bare-Metal Stents: A Taiwanese Nationwide Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug-eluting stent', 'DES']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: @entity18711 is a @entity16 characterized by involuntary contraction of masticatory and/or tongue muscles. Cortical negative shifts preceding @entity717 called "movement-related cortical potentials" (MRCPs) reflect a central motor control process. Reduced amplitude of MRCPs has been reported in other types of @entity3519 . To elucidate whether the abnormality is observed also in @entity18711 , we compared MRCPs associated with mandibular movements in 6 @entity1 with this condition and in 8 normal subjects. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded from 11 electrodes, and electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded from the masseter muscle and the suprahyoid muscles. The subjects were asked to repeat mouth @entity1538 , closing, and left and right lateral mandibular excursions. MRCPs were obtained by averaging the EEG using the EMG onset as the trigger signal. In the @entity1 group, MRCP amplitudes over central and parietal areas for mouth @entity1538 and lateral movements were significantly reduced compared to normal subjects. In normal controls, the MRCPs at mouth @entity1538 and closing were symmetrically distributed, whereas those at lateral movements showed predominance over the hemisphere ipsilateral to the direction of the movement. This laterality was lost in the @entity1 group. These results suggest impaired cortical preparatory process for jaw movements in @entity18711 .

title: Movement-related cortical potentials before jaw excursions in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary movements']

entities_list: @entity18711 :: ('MESH:D008538', 'Disease') :: ['oromandibular dystonia', 'Oromandibular dystonia']

answer: @entity18711 :: (MESH:D008538,Disease) :: ['oromandibular dystonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of serum @entity414 (SUA) on @entity810 ( @entity810 ) in @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: Prospectively collected data from a previous study were analyzed to investigate the relationship between SUA and @entity810 as assessed by @entity15901 ( @entity15901 ), serum @entity1011 (SCr) and kinetic estimated glomerular filtration rate (KeGFR). RESULTS: @entity1 undergoing cardiovascular surgery (n = 37) were included. SUA was measured at postoperative 1 h. Statistically significant correlations were present between SUA and @entity15901 measured at postoperative 1 h (r = 0.39, p = 0.008), 6 h (r = 0.31, p = 0.029) and 24 h (r = 0.31, p < 0.001), respectively. Significant correlations were also noted between SUA and SCr measured on postoperative day 1 (r = 0.41, p = 0.006), day 2 (r = 0.29, p = 0.042) and day 3 (r = 0.42, p = 0.009). Negative correlations were demonstrated between SUA and day 1 (r = -0.44, p = 0.007), day 2 (r = -0.43, p = 0.007), day 3 (r = -0.44, p = 0.006 and day 4 KeGFR (r = -0.35, p = 0.035). The inverse relationship of SUA and KeGFR was also demonstrated with a different method (Jelliffe) of measurement. CONCLUSIONS: A reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can lead to a rise in SUA. However, in this study, we are able to show that SUA at 1 h (maximal dilution time) effectively predicts subsequent changes in urinary @entity15901 , SCr, KeGFR, and the development of @entity810 . Thus, these findings suggest that @entity414 precedes and predicts acute changes in renal function and cannot be ascribed to a simple relationship in which a reduced GFR raises SUA.

title: Effects of Serum XXXX on Estimated GFR in Cardiac Surgery @entity1 : A Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity15901 :: ('3934', 'Gene') :: ['neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin', 'NGAL']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity414 :: (MESH:D014527,Chemical) :: ['Uric Acid']