abstract: INTRODUCTION: It was aimed to investigate the frequency of @entity6923 ( @entity6923 ) in the intensive care units (ICU), to determine typing of candida to evaluate risk factors associated with @entity6923 and mortality, and to evaluate influence of @entity6923 on mortality. METHODS: The prospective cohort study was carried out between Jan 1, 2009 and Dec 31, 2010 in ICUs, and the @entity1 were observed with active surveillance. VITEK 2 Compact System (BioMerieux, France) kits were used for the identification of isolates from various clinical samples. RESULTS: A total of 2362 @entity1 had enrolled for 16135 @entity1 -days into the study. During the study, 63 (27,5%) of @entity1 developed 77 episodes of @entity6923 were observed. Of the @entity1 ; 54% were male, 46% were female. Duration of hospitalization (OR = 1,03, p = 0,007), @entity4854 (OR = 17,93, p = 0,009), and @entity325 (OR = 3,98, p = 0,001) were identified as independent risk factors for @entity6923 . The most common @entity281 were bloodstream (53%). 77 of 135 candida strains was isolated as causative pathogens. @entity5132 (63,6%) was the most frequent species. Overall mortality rate was 78%. The rates of mortality attributable to @entity6923 and @entity4963 were 27%, and 18,3% respectively. Species- specific mortality rates of @entity5132 and @entity9841 were determined as 12%. High APACHE II scores (OR = 1,37; p = 0,002), and the use of central venous catheter (OR = 9,01; p = 0,049) were assigned as independent risk factors for mortality. CONCLUSION: @entity6923 is an important problem in our hospital. @entity6923 and associated mortality can be prevented by controlling of risk factors. Updating of epidemiological data is required for successful antifungal treatment.

title: A surveillance of nosocomial candida XXXX : epidemiology and influences on mortalty in intensive care units.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6923 :: ('MESH:C536777', 'Disease') :: ['Candida infections', 'CI']

entities_list: @entity4963 :: ('MESH:D058387', 'Disease') :: ['candidemia']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['C.albicans', 'C. albicans']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['co-infections']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: Anterior displacement of the tibial tuberosity combined with shaving of the diseased cartilage was used as treatment for @entity1844 patellae in 32 knees in 28 consecutive @entity1 and in one @entity1 with @entity1844 femoris. The @entity1 were aged 17 to 57 years. One @entity1 had earlier sustained a serious injury to the ligaments of the knee, resulting in instability. All @entity1 except one were unfit for work before the operation. @entity6081 was noted in two knees and @entity49 occurred in three legs. The postoperative observation period varied from 8 months to 2 years and 10 months. In one knee the anterior displacement of the tibial tuberosity was not maintained. In lateral radiographs the anterior displacement of the tibial tuberosity in the other knees varied from 10 to 23 mm. The relief from @entity158 obtained by the operative treatment was estimated as good in all knees except three, which were unchanged. All @entity1 became fit for work and/or sport.

title: Anterior displacement of the tibial tuberosity in the treatment of XXXX patellae.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1844 :: ('MESH:D002357', 'Disease') :: ['chondromalacia']

entities_list: @entity6081 :: ('MESH:D013530', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative extra-articular wound infection']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

answer: @entity1844 :: (MESH:D002357,Disease) :: ['chondromalacia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To find the frequency of deformity correction, functional outcome and complications of single-stage vertebral column resection in @entity1 with @entity85 . METHODS: The prospective case series was conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, and Aman Hospital, Peshawar, from January 2012 to December 2013, and comprised all @entity1 who underwent single-stage posterior vertebral column resection. Only @entity1 with severe @entity2003 of different aetiology that required more than 40 degree correction and who had at least 3-month follow-up were included. Data was processed using SPSS 16. RESULTS: Of the total 18 @entity1 , 11(61.1%) were male and 7(38.9%) were female, with an overall mean age of 28.7  13.6 years (range: 12-60 years). Among them, 8(44.4%) @entity1 had @entity1513 , 5(27.8%) had posttraumatic origin, 4(22.2%) had post- @entity85 , while 1(5.6%) had @entity4499 . The apex of the deformity was in thoracic spine in 12(66.7%) @entity1 , while in 6(33.3%) @entity1 it was in the lumbar spine. The average pre- and post-operative Cobb's angle was 66.2  18.9 degrees and 18.8  12.8 degrees respectively. Mean correction of deformities was 47.3  13.3 degrees. The mean correction achieved in percentage terms was 73.5  8.6 per cent (range: 56-87%). There were no @entity1 with post-operative deterioration of neurological status. Two (11%) @entity1 underwent re-exploration of the wounds with wash and cultures due to wound discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior vertebral column resection was found to be a very effective method of correction of severe @entity85 in expert hands with acceptable morbidity.

title: Outcome of single stage vertebral column resection in treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4499 :: ('MESH:D007049', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid sharp deformity']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['congenital kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformity', 'kyphotic deformities', 'tuberculous deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['kyphotic deformity']


abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of @entity10008 ( @entity10008 ) polymorphism in @entity418 after chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood samples from 244 @entity1 treated with CRT for @entity1721 were assessed for the role of @entity10008 genotype on treatment response and survival. Results: A total of 94 @entity1 were homozygous for the @entity4022 388 allele, and 110 were heterozygous and 40 homozygous for the @entity534 388 allele. No significant association was found between the @entity10008 genotype and clinicopathological parameters. However, @entity1 carrying the @entity4022 388 allele showed a better overall response rate than @entity534 388 carriers (p = 0.038). In addition, @entity4022 388 allele @entity1 at an earlier stage showed better @entity3012 and PFS than @entity534 388 carriers. Among these, the @entity4022 388 allele showed significantly improved @entity3012 compared to @entity534 388 carriers in the lymph node (LN) @entity3 group (p = 0.042) compared to the no LN @entity3 group (p = 0.125). However, similar survival outcomes were observed for advanced-stage disease regardless of genotype. Conclusion: This result suggests that the role of @entity10008 Gly388 in treatment outcomes differs according to @entity418 stage. It showed a predictive role in the response of @entity418 @entity1 to CRT with a better trend for @entity3012 in @entity4022 388 than @entity534 388 carriers in the early stages. In particular, LN-positive early-stage @entity1 carrying the @entity4022 388 allele showed improved @entity3012 compared to those carrying @entity534 388.

title: The Prognostic Significance of XXXX Gly388 Polymorphism in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity10008 :: ('2249', 'Gene') :: ['fibroblast growth factor 4', 'FGFR4']

answer: @entity10008 :: (2249,Gene) :: ['FGFR4']


abstract: BACKGROUND: As the comprehensive genomic analysis of @entity151 ( @entity151 ) progresses, novel treatments for this disease need to be explored. With attention to the direct connection between the receptor @entity4149 kinases (RTKs) of @entity5 cells and the pharmacological effects of specific inhibitors, we systematically assessed the RTK expressions of high-grade @entity3270 of the lung [HGNECs, including @entity151 and @entity152 ( @entity152 )]. @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty-one @entity152 and 61 @entity151 @entity1 who underwent surgical resection were enrolled in this research. As a control group, 202 @entity1 with @entity420 ( @entity420 ) and 122 @entity1 with @entity957 ( @entity957 ) were also analyzed. All the @entity5 were stained with antibodies for 10 RTKs: @entity2467 , @entity470 , @entity2856 , @entity319 , @entity1722 , @entity7167 , @entity1916 , @entity7041 , @entity8958 , and @entity31082 . RESULTS: The @entity152 and @entity151 @entity1 exhibited similar clinicopathological characteristics. The IHC scores for each RTK were almost equivalent between the @entity152 and @entity151 groups, but they were significantly different from those of the ADC or SQCC groups. In particular, @entity2467 was the only RTK that was remarkably expressed in both LCNECs and SCLCs. On the other hand, about 20  % of the HGNEC @entity5 exhibited strongly positive RTK expression, and this rate was similar to those for the ADC and SQCC @entity5 . Intriguingly, strongly positive RTKs were almost mutually exclusive in individual @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Compared with ADC or SQCC, @entity152 and @entity151 had similar expression profiles for the major RTKs. The exclusive @entity2467 positivity observed among HGNECs suggests that @entity2467 might be a distinctive RTK in HGNEC.

title: Expression profiling of receptor XXXX kinases in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung: a comparative analysis with @entity420 and @entity957 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['SQCCs', 'squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity152 :: ('MESH:D018287', 'Disease') :: ['LCNEC', 'large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['ADCs', 'adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine carcinomas']

answer: @entity4149 :: (D014443,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: As the comprehensive genomic analysis of @entity151 ( @entity151 ) progresses, novel treatments for this disease need to be explored. With attention to the direct connection between the receptor @entity4149 kinases (RTKs) of @entity5 cells and the pharmacological effects of specific inhibitors, we systematically assessed the RTK expressions of high-grade @entity3270 of the lung [HGNECs, including @entity151 and @entity152 ( @entity152 )]. @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty-one @entity152 and 61 @entity151 @entity1 who underwent surgical resection were enrolled in this research. As a control group, 202 @entity1 with @entity420 ( @entity420 ) and 122 @entity1 with @entity957 ( @entity957 ) were also analyzed. All the @entity5 were stained with antibodies for 10 RTKs: @entity2467 , @entity470 , @entity2856 , @entity319 , @entity1722 , @entity7167 , @entity1916 , @entity7041 , @entity8958 , and @entity31082 . RESULTS: The @entity152 and @entity151 @entity1 exhibited similar clinicopathological characteristics. The IHC scores for each RTK were almost equivalent between the @entity152 and @entity151 groups, but they were significantly different from those of the ADC or SQCC groups. In particular, @entity2467 was the only RTK that was remarkably expressed in both LCNECs and SCLCs. On the other hand, about 20  % of the HGNEC @entity5 exhibited strongly positive RTK expression, and this rate was similar to those for the ADC and SQCC @entity5 . Intriguingly, strongly positive RTKs were almost mutually exclusive in individual @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Compared with ADC or SQCC, @entity152 and @entity151 had similar expression profiles for the major RTKs. The exclusive @entity2467 positivity observed among HGNECs suggests that @entity2467 might be a distinctive RTK in HGNEC.

title: Expression profiling of receptor @entity4149 kinases in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung: a comparative analysis with XXXX and @entity957 .

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: As the comprehensive genomic analysis of @entity151 ( @entity151 ) progresses, novel treatments for this disease need to be explored. With attention to the direct connection between the receptor @entity4149 kinases (RTKs) of @entity5 cells and the pharmacological effects of specific inhibitors, we systematically assessed the RTK expressions of high-grade @entity3270 of the lung [HGNECs, including @entity151 and @entity152 ( @entity152 )]. @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty-one @entity152 and 61 @entity151 @entity1 who underwent surgical resection were enrolled in this research. As a control group, 202 @entity1 with @entity420 ( @entity420 ) and 122 @entity1 with @entity957 ( @entity957 ) were also analyzed. All the @entity5 were stained with antibodies for 10 RTKs: @entity2467 , @entity470 , @entity2856 , @entity319 , @entity1722 , @entity7167 , @entity1916 , @entity7041 , @entity8958 , and @entity31082 . RESULTS: The @entity152 and @entity151 @entity1 exhibited similar clinicopathological characteristics. The IHC scores for each RTK were almost equivalent between the @entity152 and @entity151 groups, but they were significantly different from those of the ADC or SQCC groups. In particular, @entity2467 was the only RTK that was remarkably expressed in both LCNECs and SCLCs. On the other hand, about 20  % of the HGNEC @entity5 exhibited strongly positive RTK expression, and this rate was similar to those for the ADC and SQCC @entity5 . Intriguingly, strongly positive RTKs were almost mutually exclusive in individual @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Compared with ADC or SQCC, @entity152 and @entity151 had similar expression profiles for the major RTKs. The exclusive @entity2467 positivity observed among HGNECs suggests that @entity2467 might be a distinctive RTK in HGNEC.

title: Expression profiling of receptor @entity4149 kinases in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung: a comparative analysis with @entity420 and XXXX .

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity5626 are recommended as first-line therapy for @entity6923 , but drug resistance, especially among @entity7408 , is becoming more frequent. We investigated the antifungal susceptibility of @entity25928 , @entity11794 , and @entity1331 against 584 isolates of Candida spp. (bloodstream, other sterile sites) collected from @entity1 admitted to an Italian university hospital between 2000 and 2013. The susceptibility was evaluated using the broth microdilution method according to both the European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST EDef 7.2) and the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI M27-A3). The echinocandin susceptibilities were assessed on the basis of the species-specific clinical breakpoints proposed by the EUCAST version 6.1 and CLSI M27-S4 documents. The two methods were comparable by assessing essential agreement (EA), categorical agreement (CA), and Spearman's correlation analysis (rho, r). RESULTS: The modal minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs;  g     mL   (-1)) values by both methods (EUCAST/CLSI) for @entity25928 , @entity11794 , and @entity1331 for each species were, respectively, as follows: @entity5132 , 0.03/0.12, 0.016/0.5, and 0.016/0.008; @entity7409 complex, 2/1, 2/2, and 2/1; @entity9841 , 0.06/0.12, 0.06/0.12, and 0.06/0.12; @entity7408 complex, 0.03/0.25, 0.06/0.12, and 0.03/0.06; @entity18203 , 2/1, 2/2, and 2/2; and C. krusei, 0.06/0.12, 0.12/0.5, and 0.06/0.12. The overall resistance rates for EUCAST/CLSI were as follows: @entity25928 , 2.5/0.9  %; @entity11794 , breakpoint not available/3.8  %; @entity1331 , 2.7/1.5  %. @entity7408 complex was the least susceptible to all three @entity5626 , and the percentages of resistant isolates by EUCAST/CLSI were as follows: @entity25928 , 13.5/2.7 %; @entity11794 , breakpoint not available/16.2  %; @entity1331 , 18.9/13.5 %. The overall EA was 93  % for @entity1331 , 92  % for @entity25928 , and 90  % for @entity11794 . The CA was >90  % for all organism-drug combinations with the exception of @entity7408 and @entity25928 (89  %). Spearman's rho for EUCAST/CLSI was 0.89 (p   <   0.001) for @entity11794 , 0.85 (p   <   0.001) for @entity25928 , and 0.83 for @entity1331 (p   <   0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Independent of the procedure applied, no alarming resistance to the tested agents was found, although a reduced susceptibility was detected for @entity7408 complex. The EUCAST and CLSI methods produce similar MICs, indicating that using one method or the other should not result in susceptibilities different enough to affect treatment decisions.

title: Susceptibility to XXXX of Candida spp. strains isolated in Italy assessed by European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods.

entities_list: @entity1331 :: ('MESH:C121905', 'Chemical') :: ['micafungin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity25928 :: ('MESH:C102786', 'Chemical') :: ['anidulafungin']

entities_list: @entity6923 :: ('MESH:C536777', 'Disease') :: ['Candida species infections']

entities_list: @entity7408 :: ('5478', 'Species') :: ['C. glabrata', 'Candida glabrata']

entities_list: @entity18203 :: ('4929', 'Species') :: ['C. guilliermondii']

entities_list: @entity7409 :: ('5480', 'Species') :: ['C. parapsilosis']

entities_list: @entity5626 :: ('MESH:D054714', 'Chemical') :: ['echinocandins']

entities_list: @entity11794 :: ('MESH:C105417', 'Chemical') :: ['caspofungin']

answer: @entity5626 :: (MESH:D054714,Chemical) :: ['echinocandins']


abstract: PURPOSE: There is a strong medical demand to search for novel, more efficacious and safer than available, analgesics for the treatment of @entity9 . This study investigated antinociceptive activity of intraperitoneally administered 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one ( @entity7215 ) and pregabalin in the @entity8638 ( @entity8638 ) model of @entity9 in @entity19 and evaluated these drugs' influence on motor coordination. In addition, microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve were performed to assess, if a surgical method or drug treatment caused changes in the structure of this nerve. Moreover, the alterations of nerve growth factor (NGF) content after drug treatment were assessed. METHODS: Antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activities of @entity7215 and pregabalin were assessed in the von Frey and hot plate tests. Motor-impairing properties were evaluated in the rotarod test. Microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve were performed using electron microscope. In immunohistochemical assays the content of NGF in the sciatic nerve after single or repeated administration of test drugs was assessed. RESULTS: Microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve revealed ultrastructural changes in nerve fibers indicating for neurodegenerative processes induced by @entity8638 . Seven days after @entity8638 surgery @entity7215 and pregabalin reduced tactile @entity1931 in von Frey test (ED50 values were 1.5 and 15.4   mg/kg, respectively). None of the test drugs at dose range 0.5-100   mg/kg induced @entity51 in the rotarod test. In immunohistochemical assays repeated doses of pregabalin and @entity7215 elevated NGF content. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7215 has antiallodynic properties and is an interesting lead structure in the search for novel analgesics used in @entity9 .

title: 3-[4-(3-Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one and pregabalin attenuate tactile @entity1931 in the @entity19 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficits']

entities_list: @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['chronic constriction injury', 'CCI']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity8638 :: (MESH:D020208,Disease) :: ['chronic constriction injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: There is a strong medical demand to search for novel, more efficacious and safer than available, analgesics for the treatment of @entity9 . This study investigated antinociceptive activity of intraperitoneally administered 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one ( @entity7215 ) and pregabalin in the @entity8638 ( @entity8638 ) model of @entity9 in @entity19 and evaluated these drugs' influence on motor coordination. In addition, microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve were performed to assess, if a surgical method or drug treatment caused changes in the structure of this nerve. Moreover, the alterations of nerve growth factor (NGF) content after drug treatment were assessed. METHODS: Antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activities of @entity7215 and pregabalin were assessed in the von Frey and hot plate tests. Motor-impairing properties were evaluated in the rotarod test. Microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve were performed using electron microscope. In immunohistochemical assays the content of NGF in the sciatic nerve after single or repeated administration of test drugs was assessed. RESULTS: Microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve revealed ultrastructural changes in nerve fibers indicating for neurodegenerative processes induced by @entity8638 . Seven days after @entity8638 surgery @entity7215 and pregabalin reduced tactile @entity1931 in von Frey test (ED50 values were 1.5 and 15.4   mg/kg, respectively). None of the test drugs at dose range 0.5-100   mg/kg induced @entity51 in the rotarod test. In immunohistochemical assays repeated doses of pregabalin and @entity7215 elevated NGF content. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7215 has antiallodynic properties and is an interesting lead structure in the search for novel analgesics used in @entity9 .

title: 3-[4-(3-Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one and pregabalin attenuate tactile XXXX in the @entity19 model of @entity8638 .

answer: @entity1931 :: (MESH:D006930,Disease) :: ['allodynia']


abstract: PURPOSE: There is a strong medical demand to search for novel, more efficacious and safer than available, analgesics for the treatment of @entity9 . This study investigated antinociceptive activity of intraperitoneally administered 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one ( @entity7215 ) and pregabalin in the @entity8638 ( @entity8638 ) model of @entity9 in @entity19 and evaluated these drugs' influence on motor coordination. In addition, microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve were performed to assess, if a surgical method or drug treatment caused changes in the structure of this nerve. Moreover, the alterations of nerve growth factor (NGF) content after drug treatment were assessed. METHODS: Antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activities of @entity7215 and pregabalin were assessed in the von Frey and hot plate tests. Motor-impairing properties were evaluated in the rotarod test. Microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve were performed using electron microscope. In immunohistochemical assays the content of NGF in the sciatic nerve after single or repeated administration of test drugs was assessed. RESULTS: Microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve revealed ultrastructural changes in nerve fibers indicating for neurodegenerative processes induced by @entity8638 . Seven days after @entity8638 surgery @entity7215 and pregabalin reduced tactile @entity1931 in von Frey test (ED50 values were 1.5 and 15.4   mg/kg, respectively). None of the test drugs at dose range 0.5-100   mg/kg induced @entity51 in the rotarod test. In immunohistochemical assays repeated doses of pregabalin and @entity7215 elevated NGF content. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7215 has antiallodynic properties and is an interesting lead structure in the search for novel analgesics used in @entity9 .

title: 3-[4-(3-Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one and pregabalin attenuate tactile @entity1931 in the XXXX model of @entity8638 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Quinocetone (QCT), a new quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides, has been used as antimicrobial feed additive in China. Potential genotoxicity of QCT was concerned as a public health problem. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of curcumin on QCT-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in @entity1 hepatocyte L02 cells. Cell viability and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), biomarkers of oxidative stress including @entity1367 ( @entity1367 ) activity and glutathione (GSH) level were measured. Meanwhile, comet assay and micronucleus assay were carried out to evaluate genotoxicity. The results showed that, compared to the control group, QCT at the concentration ranges of 2-16    g/mL significantly decreased L02 cell viability, which was significantly attenuated with curcumin pretreatment (2.5 and 5    M). In addition, QCT significantly increased cell oxidative stress, characterized by increases of intracellular ROS level, while decreased endogenous antioxidant biomarkers GSH level and @entity1367 activity (all p   <   0.05 or 0.01). Curcumin pretreatment significantly attenuated ROS formation, inhibited the decreases of @entity1367 activity and GSH level. Furthermore, curcumin significantly reduced QCT-induced DNA fragments and micronuclei formation. These data suggest that curcumin could attenuate QCT-induced @entity137 and genotoxicity in L02 cells, which may be attributed to ROS scavenging and anti-oxidative ability of curcumin. Importantly, consumption of curcumin may be a plausible way to prevent quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides-mediated oxidative stress and genotoxicity in @entity1 or animals.

title: Curcumin attenuates quinocetone-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in XXXX hepatocyte L02 cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1367 :: ('6647', 'Gene') :: ['SOD', 'superoxide dismutase']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Hairsamples of domestic and laboratory animals suspected of @entity4013 were examined for the presence of dermatophytes. A nutritionally poor base-medium developed by the author was successfully used in the isolation and identification of dermatophytes. Casein-medium supplemented with vitamins and Sabouraud-liquid medium were used in special cases. Dermatophytes were isolated in 36 of 331 samples (10.9%). The dermatophytes recovered were @entity14476 : 13 isolates from cat. 4 from @entity235 . 1 from @entity1641 ; @entity12736 . granulare: 3 isolates from @entity235 , 3 from @entity1641 , 2 from @entity840 and 1 from @entity95 ; @entity12736 terrestre 1 isolate from @entity235 . Eleven of the 13 feline isolates originated from house @entity468 and the relative frequency was higher among the purebred @entity468 . Two of the cat isolates were connected with @entity1 @entity4013 .

title: Studies on fungal flora in hair from domestic and laboratory animals suspected of XXXX . I. Dematophytes.

entities_list: @entity4013 :: ('MESH:D014005', 'Disease') :: ['dermatophytosis']

entities_list: @entity12736 :: ('523103', 'Species') :: ['Trichophyton', 'Trichophyton mentagrophytes var']

entities_list: @entity14476 :: ('63405', 'Species') :: ['Microsporum canis']

answer: @entity4013 :: (MESH:D014005,Disease) :: ['dermatophytosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity3125 are emitted by electronic cigarettes due to thermal decomposition of liquid components. Although elevated levels have been reported with new-generation high-power devices, it is unclear whether they are relevant to true exposure of users (vapers) because overheating produces an unpleasant taste, called a dry puff, which vapers learn to avoid. The aim was to evaluate @entity4975 emissions at different power levels associated with normal and dry puff conditions. DESIGN: Two customizable atomizers were prepared so that one (A1) had a double wick, resulting in high liquid supply and lower chance of overheating at high power levels, while the other (A2) was a conventional setup (single wick). Experienced vapers took 4-s puffs at 6.5 watts (W), 7.5   W, 9   W and 10   W power levels with both atomizers and were asked to report whether dry puffs were generated. The atomizers were then attached to a smoking machine and aerosol was trapped. SETTING: Clinic office and analytical chemistry laboratory in Greece. @entity1 : Seven experienced vapers. MEASUREMENTS: @entity4975 levels were measured in the aerosol. FINDINGS: All vapers identified dry puff conditions at 9   W and 10   W with A2. A1 did not lead to dry puffs at any power level. Minimal amounts of @entity3125 per 10 puffs were found at all power levels with A1 (up to 11.3     g for @entity406 , 4.5     g for @entity3094 and 1.0     g for @entity8697 ) and at 6.5   W and 7.5   W with A2 (up to 3.7     g for @entity406 , 0.8     g for @entity3094 and 1.3     g for @entity8697 ). The levels were increased by 30 to 250 times in dry puff conditions (up to 344.6     g for @entity406 , 206.3     g for @entity3094 and 210.4     g for @entity8697 , P   <   0.001), while @entity1324 was detected only in dry puff conditions (up to 22.5     g). CONCLUSIONS: Electronic cigarettes produce high levels of @entity4975 only in dry puff conditions, in which the liquid overheats, causing a strong unpleasant taste that e-cigarette users detect and avoid. Under normal vaping conditions @entity4975 emissions are minimal, even in new-generation high-power e-cigarettes.

title: E-cigarettes generate high levels of XXXX only in 'dry puff' conditions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity3125 :: ('MESH:D000447', 'Chemical') :: ['Aldehydes', 'aldehydes']

entities_list: @entity8697 :: ('MESH:D000171', 'Chemical') :: ['acrolein']

entities_list: @entity4975 :: ('D000079', 'Chemical') :: ['Aldehyde', 'aldehyde']

entities_list: @entity3094 :: ('MESH:D000079', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaldehyde']

answer: @entity3125 :: (MESH:D000447,Chemical) :: ['aldehydes']


abstract: Introduction: In @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ), a decreased inspiratory/total lung capacity ratio ( @entity2337 /TLC), is associated with dynamic hyperinflation (DH) and poor exercise capacity. The association to upper extremity force measured by handgrip strength (HGS) and 6 minute walk distance has not been described. We hypothesized that @entity2337 /TLC affects muscle strength of upper and lower extremities affecting HGS and the six minute walk test (6MWD) performance. Methods: We prospectively measured lung function, HGS and 6MWD in 27 @entity1 with @entity1030 and 12 healthy nonsmoking individuals twice, 1 year apart. The @entity1 were classified according to level of hyperinflation in 2 groups, @entity2337 /TLC > or  <= 25%. Results: @entity1 with @entity1030 had reduced lung function, static hyperinflation, reduced HGS and 6MWD compared to the controls on both evaluations (p < 0.01). There was a statistically significant deterioration in HGS, @entity2337 /TLC and 6MWD after 1 year follow up in the @entity1030 compared to the control group (p < 0.001). More hyperinflation ( @entity2337 /TLC < .25) was associated with lower HGS and 6MWD (p < 0.001). Changes in @entity2337 /TLC correlated with changes in HGS (r = 0.429, p < 0.05). A multivariate analysis determined that @entity2337 /TLC was an independent factor associated to HSG and to 6MWD. Conclusion: Handgrip strength and 6MWD are reduced in @entity1 with @entity1030 , particularly in @entity1 with hyperinflation with evidence of @entity5122 not seen in controls. This suggests that resting hyperinflation may exert a detrimental effect on cardiac function and play a role in the reduced exercise performance in @entity1030 @entity1 .

title: Longitudinal changes in hand grip strength, hyperinflation and 6-minute walk distance in XXXX @entity1 and a control group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5122 :: ('MESH:C565430', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal deterioration']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']


abstract: Introduction: In @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ), a decreased inspiratory/total lung capacity ratio ( @entity2337 /TLC), is associated with dynamic hyperinflation (DH) and poor exercise capacity. The association to upper extremity force measured by handgrip strength (HGS) and 6 minute walk distance has not been described. We hypothesized that @entity2337 /TLC affects muscle strength of upper and lower extremities affecting HGS and the six minute walk test (6MWD) performance. Methods: We prospectively measured lung function, HGS and 6MWD in 27 @entity1 with @entity1030 and 12 healthy nonsmoking individuals twice, 1 year apart. The @entity1 were classified according to level of hyperinflation in 2 groups, @entity2337 /TLC > or  <= 25%. Results: @entity1 with @entity1030 had reduced lung function, static hyperinflation, reduced HGS and 6MWD compared to the controls on both evaluations (p < 0.01). There was a statistically significant deterioration in HGS, @entity2337 /TLC and 6MWD after 1 year follow up in the @entity1030 compared to the control group (p < 0.001). More hyperinflation ( @entity2337 /TLC < .25) was associated with lower HGS and 6MWD (p < 0.001). Changes in @entity2337 /TLC correlated with changes in HGS (r = 0.429, p < 0.05). A multivariate analysis determined that @entity2337 /TLC was an independent factor associated to HSG and to 6MWD. Conclusion: Handgrip strength and 6MWD are reduced in @entity1 with @entity1030 , particularly in @entity1 with hyperinflation with evidence of @entity5122 not seen in controls. This suggests that resting hyperinflation may exert a detrimental effect on cardiac function and play a role in the reduced exercise performance in @entity1030 @entity1 .

title: Longitudinal changes in hand grip strength, hyperinflation and 6-minute walk distance in @entity1030 XXXX and a control group.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In species with a high degree of fission-fusion social dynamics, fusions may trigger social conflict and thus provide an opportunity to identify sources of social tension and mechanisms related to its alleviation. We characterized behavioral and endocrine responses of captive female @entity4839 ( @entity4839 ) to fusions within a zoo facility designed to simulate naturalistic fission-fusion social dynamics. We compared urinary cortisol levels and frequencies of @entity146 , grooming and socio-sexual interactions between female @entity4839 while in stable sub-groups and when one "joiner" was reunited with the "residents" of another sub-group. We hypothesized that fusions would trigger increases in @entity146 and cortisol levels among reunited joiners and resident females. We further predicted that females who face more uncertainty in their social interactions following fusions may use grooming and/or socio-sexual behavior to reduce social tension and @entity146 . The only @entity146 on reunion days occurred between reunited females, but frequencies of @entity146 remained low across non-reunion and reunion days, and there was no effect of fusions on cortisol levels. Fusions did not influence patterns of grooming, but there were increases in socio-sexual solicitations and socio-sexual interactions between joiners and resident females. Joiners who had been separated from residents for longer received the most solicitations, but were also more selective in their acceptance of solicitations and preferred to have socio-sexual interactions with higher-ranking residents. Our results suggest that socio-sexual interactions play a role in reintegrating female @entity4839 into social groups following fusions. In addition, females who receive a high number of solicitations are able to gain more control over their socio-sexual interactions and may use socio-sexual interactions for other purposes, such as to enhance their social standing.

title: Welcome Back: Responses of Female XXXX ( @entity4839 ) to Fusions.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

entities_list: @entity4839 :: ('9597', 'Species') :: ['Pan paniscus', 'bonobos']

answer: @entity4839 :: (9597,Species) :: ['Bonobos']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In species with a high degree of fission-fusion social dynamics, fusions may trigger social conflict and thus provide an opportunity to identify sources of social tension and mechanisms related to its alleviation. We characterized behavioral and endocrine responses of captive female @entity4839 ( @entity4839 ) to fusions within a zoo facility designed to simulate naturalistic fission-fusion social dynamics. We compared urinary cortisol levels and frequencies of @entity146 , grooming and socio-sexual interactions between female @entity4839 while in stable sub-groups and when one "joiner" was reunited with the "residents" of another sub-group. We hypothesized that fusions would trigger increases in @entity146 and cortisol levels among reunited joiners and resident females. We further predicted that females who face more uncertainty in their social interactions following fusions may use grooming and/or socio-sexual behavior to reduce social tension and @entity146 . The only @entity146 on reunion days occurred between reunited females, but frequencies of @entity146 remained low across non-reunion and reunion days, and there was no effect of fusions on cortisol levels. Fusions did not influence patterns of grooming, but there were increases in socio-sexual solicitations and socio-sexual interactions between joiners and resident females. Joiners who had been separated from residents for longer received the most solicitations, but were also more selective in their acceptance of solicitations and preferred to have socio-sexual interactions with higher-ranking residents. Our results suggest that socio-sexual interactions play a role in reintegrating female @entity4839 into social groups following fusions. In addition, females who receive a high number of solicitations are able to gain more control over their socio-sexual interactions and may use socio-sexual interactions for other purposes, such as to enhance their social standing.

title: Welcome Back: Responses of Female @entity4839 ( XXXX ) to Fusions.

answer: @entity4839 :: (9597,Species) :: ['Pan paniscus']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort. OBJECTIVE: To determine the cost per quality-adjusted life-year for lumbar epidural @entity479 injections (LESI). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Despite being a widely performed procedure, there are few studies evaluating the cost-effectiveness of LESIs. METHODS: @entity1 who had received LESI between June 2012 and July 2013 with EQ-5D scores available before and after LESIs but before any surgical intervention were identified. Costs were calculated on the basis of the Medicare Fee Schedule multiplied by the number of LESIs received between the 2 clinic visits. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were calculated using the EQ-5D. RESULTS: Of 421 @entity1 who had pre-LESI EQ-5D data, 323 (77%) had post-LESI data available; 200 females, 123 males, mean age: 59.2  14.2 years. Cost per LESI was  608, with most @entity1 receiving 3 LESIs for more than 1 year (range: 1-6 yr). Mean QALY gained was 0.005. One hundred forty-five @entity1 (45%) had a QALY gain (mean=0.117) at a cost of  62,175 per QALY gained; 127 @entity1 (40%) had a loss in QALY (mean=-0.120) and 51 @entity1 (15%) had no change in QALY. Fourteen of the 145 @entity1 who improved, and 29 of the 178 @entity1 who did not, have medical comorbidities that precluded surgery. Thirty-two (22%) of 131 @entity1 without medical comorbidities who improved and 57 (32%) of 149 @entity1 without medical comorbidities who did not improve subsequently had undergone surgery (P=0.015). CONCLUSION: LESI may not be cost-effective in @entity1 with @entity179 . For the 145 @entity1 who improved, cost per QALY gained was acceptable at  62,175. However, for the 178 @entity1 with no gain or a loss in QALY, the economics are not reportable with a cost per QALY gained being theoretically infinite. Further studies are needed to identify specific @entity1 populations who will benefit from LESI because the economic viability of LESI requires improved @entity1 selection. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2.

title: Cost-effectiveness of Lumbar Epidural XXXX Injections.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar degenerative disorders']

answer: @entity479 :: (D013256,Chemical) :: ['Steroid']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Phytoestrogens have structures similar to endogenous steroids and may induce or inhibit the response of hormone receptors. The objectives of the present study were to compare the effects of long-term vs. short-term grassland management in organic and conventional dairy production systems, compare organic and conventional production systems and assess seasonal variation on phytoestrogen concentrations in bulk- @entity3368 milk. The concentrations of phytoestrogens were analyzed in bulk- @entity3368 milk sampled three times in two subsequent years from 28 dairy farms: Fourteen organic (ORG) dairy farms with either short-term or long-term grassland management were paired with 14 conventional (CON) farms with respect to grassland management. Grassland management varied in terms of time since establishment. Short-term grassland management (SG) was defined as establishment or reseeding every fourth year or more often, and long-term grassland management (LG) was defined as less frequent establishment or reseeding. The proportion of red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) in the herbage was positively correlated with milk concentrations of the @entity1 isoflavone equol. Therefore, organically produced bulk- @entity3368 milk contained more equol than conventionally produced milk, and milk from ORG-SG farms had more equol than milk from ORG-LG farms. Milk produced during the indoor-feeding periods had more equol than milk produced during the outdoor feeding period, because pastures contained less red clover than fields intended for silage production. Organically produced milk had also higher concentrations of the @entity1 lignan enterolactone, but in contrast to equol, concentrations increased in the outdoor-feeding periods compared to the indoor-feeding periods. There were no indications of fertility problems on ORG-SG farms who had the highest red clover proportions in the herbage. This study shows that production system, grassland management, and season affect milk concentrations of phytoestrogens. However, compared to soy products, milk concentrations of phytoestrogens are low and future studies are required to investigate if the intake of phytoestrogens from dairy products has physiological effects in @entity1 .

title: Phytoestrogens and Their Metabolites in Bulk- XXXX Milk: Effects of Farm Management and Season.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans']

answer: @entity3368 :: (10010,Gene) :: ['Tank']


abstract: Coronary flow and transmembrane potentials of Purkinje and muscle fibers in reperfused @entity1188 and @entity1188 caused by permanent @entity1563 were compared. Purkinje fibers in @entity1188 at 24 h had markedly reduced resting potentials. Action potential amplitudes, and Vmax were reduced and duration markedly prolonged. In reperfused @entity1188 , changes in Purkinje fiber transmembrane potentials were not as marked. Action potential duration in 3-day-old @entity1188 were longer than at 24 h, but in reperfused @entity1188 durations had returned to normal. Premature impulses conducted more rapidly in the reperfused infarct Purkinje system than in the permanently occluded. Other transmembrane potential parameters of Purkinje fibers in 3-day-old and 9- to 10-day-old reperfused and @entity1188 were not significantly different from each other. The ventricular muscle cells that survived in reperfused @entity1188 at all times also had reduced resting potentials and action potentials with decreased amplitudes, reduced Vmax, and prolonged durations. Almost no muscle cells survived in @entity1188 . Therefore, reperfusion salvages subendocardial fibers and prevents some but not all of the electrophysiological abnormalities.

title: XXXX and reperfusion: effects on subendocardial cardiac fibers.

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'permanently occluded infarcts']

answer: @entity1563 :: (MESH:D054059,Disease) :: ['Coronary occlusion']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We used insertional mutagenesis by @entity3261 mediated transformation (ATMT) to isolate pathogenicity mutants of Colletotrichum higginsianum. From a collection of 7200 insertion mutants we isolated 75 mutants with reduced symptoms. 19 of these were affected in host penetration, while 17 were affected in later stages of @entity281 , like switching to @entity851 . For 16 mutants the location of T-DNA insertions could be identified by PCR. A potential plasma membrane H+-ATPase @entity71836 was targeted in five independent insertion mutants. We genetically inactivated the Ku80 component of the non-homologous end-joining pathway in C. higginsianum to establish an efficient gene knockout protocol. Chpma2 deletion mutants generated by homologous recombination in the   Chku80 background form fully melanized appressoria but entirely fail to penetrate the host tissue and are non-pathogenic. The ChPMA2 gene is induced upon appressoria formation and @entity281 of A. thaliana. @entity71836 activity is not important for vegetative growth of saprophytically growing mycelium, since the mutant shows no growth penalty under these conditions. Colletotrichum higginsianum codes for a closely related gene (ChPMA1), which is highly expressed under most growth conditions. ChPMA1 is more similar to the homologous @entity375 genes for plasma membrane pumps. We propose that expression of a specific proton pump early during @entity281 may be common to many appressoria forming fungal pathogens as we found ChPMA2 orthologs in several plant pathogenic fungi.

title: A Genetic Screen for Pathogenicity Genes in the Hemibiotrophic Fungus Colletotrichum higginsianum Identifies the Plasma Membrane Proton Pump XXXX Required for Host Penetration.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['necrotrophic growth']

entities_list: @entity3261 :: ('358', 'Species') :: ['Agrobacterium tumefaciens']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity71836 :: (856071(Tax:4932),Gene) :: ['Pma2']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the prognostic significance of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), maximum @entity5 diameter (MTD), high-grade @entity5436 , perineural invasion, and length of positive surgical margins after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). METHODS: A single-institution prospective analysis of all @entity1 who underwent RARP for @entity263 was performed between January 2005 and June 2013. The primary end point was biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS). BRFS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared to that from the log-rank test. Cox* s proportional hazards regression univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to define the prognostic factors. RESULTS: Overall, 742 @entity1 were included. After a median follow-up of 31.4 months, biochemical recurrence occurred in 80 @entity1 (10.8%). BRFS was 93%, 87%, and 80.7% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Progression to local recurrence occurred in 49 @entity1 (6.6%). During the follow-up period, 3 @entity1 experienced progression to @entity3 and were treated with hormonotherapy. No @entity1 died of disease during the study period. In multivariate analyses, Gleason score was the strongest predictor of BRFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.4; P<0.001). There were 3 other predictive factors of BRFS were @entity3 (HR = 7.64; P = 0.005), MTD (HR = 4.04; P =0.009), and margin length>= 3mm (HR = 1.25; P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: In the era of serum prostate-specific antigen testing maturity in conjunction with a single approach to extirpation of the prostate gland by RARP, @entity3 , MTD, and positive surgical margins>= 3mm are prognostic factors associated with BRFS after RARP. Consideration could be given to incorporate them in the pathology report of the radical prostatectomy specimens and they could assist physicians in clinical decision making.

title: Influence of pathological factors on oncological outcomes after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy for XXXX : Results of a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['lymphovascular invasion', 'LVI', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['localized prostate cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare procedures for @entity5 tracking (DTT) using a gimbal-mounted linac between centres in Japan (KU-IBRI) and Belgium (UZB), to quantify @entity2246 ( @entity2246 ), and to estimate @entity5 -fiducial uncertainties and @entity343 margins. METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 were evaluated. @entity2246 was divided into components originating from the @entity1 , fraction, segment, and residuals. RESULTS: KU-IBRI applied DTT to @entity2 , while UZB treated both the lung and liver. @entity1 from UZB were younger and had a higher body mass index. DTT procedures differed in the use of body fixation, correction for set-up error, type of fiducial markers, and goodness of fit of correlation model. @entity2246 was larger at UZB in the intra-fraction components, whereas the @entity5 -fiducial uncertainties were estimated to be larger at KU-IBRI. These results ultimately led to similar @entity343 margins at both centres (2.1, 4.2, and 2.6mm for KU-IBRI; 2.4, 3.6, and 2.0mm for UZB in LR, AP, and SI, respectively, for 99% coverage of @entity1 ). CONCLUSION: Several differences in procedures and @entity1 characteristics were observed that affected @entity2246 and @entity5 -fiducial uncertainties. This analysis confirmed similar accuracy in DTT delivery and adequate @entity343 margins in the different centres based on their local specific workflows.

title: A multi-centre analysis of treatment procedures and error components in XXXX tracking radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['dynamic tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['tracking error', 'TE']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['dynamic tumour']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Antioxidants have not reduced the burden of @entity65 , and current evidence suggests a beneficial role of oxidative stress, via NADPH oxidase (Nox) upregulation, in endothelial function. Homocysteine thiolactone (HcyT) induces @entity1503 and this correlates with increased vascular oxidative stress. AIMS: To determine if pharmacological inhibition of Nox could impair @entity1503 . METHODS: Abdominal aorta were excised from New Zealand White @entity95 (n=6), cut into rings and sequentially mounted in organ baths. Rings were preincubated with 0.55 M homocysteine thiolactone for 1hr, or combinations of putative Nox inhibitors (plumbagin for @entity52881 , gp91ds-tat for @entity71837 , and ML090 for @entity52880 ), 30 minutes prior to the addition of HcyT, followed by a dose response curve to acetylcholine on phenylephrine preconstricted rings. RESULTS: Plumbagin, ML090 + gp91ds-tat and HcyT reduced responses to acetylcholine, and Plumbagin + Hcyt caused constriction to acetylcholine, which was normalised to plumbagin by ML090. Plumbagin + ML090 or plumbagin + gp91ds-tat completely impaired the effect of acetylcholine. ML090 inhibited the effect of HcyT on reduced response to acetylcholine, whereas gp91ds-tat had no effect. CONCLUSION: Inhibition of @entity52880 prevents, whereas inhibition of @entity52881 worsens acetylcholine induced blood vessel relaxation caused by HcyT, while @entity71837 inhibition has no effect. However combinations of Nox inhibitors worsen acetylcholine induced blood vessel relaxation. These results suggest that there is cross-talk between Nox isoforms during physiological and pathophysiological processes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Role of Nox inhibitors plumbagin, ML090 and gp91ds-tat peptide on homocysteine thiolactone induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['HcyT induced blood vessel dysfunction', 'blood vessel dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1503 :: (MESH:D006402,Disease) :: ['blood vessel dysfunction']


abstract: Determinants of glomerular ultrafiltration were studied by micropuncture in clamped (n = 11) and unclamped (n = 7) kidneys of two-kidney @entity101 @entity35 and compared to 15 controls. Infusion of the @entity1808 antagonist and @entity11605 lowered the blood pressure significantly. Glomerular capillary pressure ( @entity2481 ) in clamped kidneys was decreased to 56 +/- (SD) 3 vs. 61 +/- 3 mm Hg in controls. Early proximal flow rate (EPFR) was decreased to 20 +/- 1 vs. 26 +/- 2 nl/min in controls, at an unchanged single nephron filtration fraction (SNFF), indicating a reduced glomerular plasma flow (SNGPF). Preglomerular resistance (RA) was increased by 21%. In unclamped kidneys @entity2481 was increased to 65 +/- 2 mm Hg. EPFR was increased to 32 +/- 2 nl/min, indicating, at an unchanged SNFF, an increased SNGPF. RA increased by 51%, whereas postglomerular resistance declined by 25%. The ultrafiltration coefficient was reduced by 24% in unclamped kidneys. Our results indicate that in clamped kidneys an increase of RA causes a reduction of @entity2481 and hence a reduction of pressure at the baroreceptor site which may act as a trigger mechanism for renin release.

title: XXXX in @entity35 : a model for unilateral renal artery stenosis in man.

entities_list: @entity11605 :: ('MESH:D012504', 'Chemical') :: ['saralasin']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Goldblatt hypertension']


abstract: Determinants of glomerular ultrafiltration were studied by micropuncture in clamped (n = 11) and unclamped (n = 7) kidneys of two-kidney @entity101 @entity35 and compared to 15 controls. Infusion of the @entity1808 antagonist and @entity11605 lowered the blood pressure significantly. Glomerular capillary pressure ( @entity2481 ) in clamped kidneys was decreased to 56 +/- (SD) 3 vs. 61 +/- 3 mm Hg in controls. Early proximal flow rate (EPFR) was decreased to 20 +/- 1 vs. 26 +/- 2 nl/min in controls, at an unchanged single nephron filtration fraction (SNFF), indicating a reduced glomerular plasma flow (SNGPF). Preglomerular resistance (RA) was increased by 21%. In unclamped kidneys @entity2481 was increased to 65 +/- 2 mm Hg. EPFR was increased to 32 +/- 2 nl/min, indicating, at an unchanged SNFF, an increased SNGPF. RA increased by 51%, whereas postglomerular resistance declined by 25%. The ultrafiltration coefficient was reduced by 24% in unclamped kidneys. Our results indicate that in clamped kidneys an increase of RA causes a reduction of @entity2481 and hence a reduction of pressure at the baroreceptor site which may act as a trigger mechanism for renin release.

title: @entity101 in XXXX : a model for unilateral renal artery stenosis in man.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lipid emulsion (LE) has been successfully used for resuscitation of local anesthetic @entity1370 caused by @entity1341 @entity1445 . Opioid receptors have been shown to play a key role in cardio protection. We explored whether this rescue action of LE is mediated through opioid receptors. METHODS: Asystole was induced by @entity1341 (10 mg/kg over 20 seconds, IV) in young male @entity35 , and resuscitation with LE (intralipid 20%; 5 mL/kg bolus and 0.5 mL/kg/min maintenance) was started immediately. The @entity35 were pretreated 2 minutes before inducing asystole with nonselective opioid receptor antagonists such as @entity1510 and @entity19244 , as well as highly selective opioid receptor antagonists for subtype k,   , and    or @entity4613 buffer solution as a control. Heart rates and ejection fractions were measured using echocardiography. RESULTS: LE rescue of @entity1341 @entity1370 was prevented by high-dose (1 mg/kg) @entity1510 but not by lower doses of @entity1510 (1, 5, and 10   g/kg), by @entity19244 (which does not cross the blood-brain barrier), and by a selective   - and k-opioid receptor antagonists at a higher (10 mg/kg) dose. Successful LE rescue was not affected by highly selective   -opioid receptor antagonists.   -Opioid receptor antagonist (10 mg/kg) pretreatment also resulted in reduced phosphorylation level of cardiac glycogen synthase kinase-3b in @entity35 that were not resuscitated by LE compared with control. CONCLUSIONS: Our data highlight the involvement of peripheral   - and k-opioid receptors in the rescue action of LE.

title: Involvement of Opioid Receptors in the Lipid Rescue of @entity1341 -Induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity19244 :: ('MESH:C041269', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone methiodide']

answer: @entity1370 :: (MESH:D066126,Disease) :: ['Cardiotoxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lipid emulsion (LE) has been successfully used for resuscitation of local anesthetic @entity1370 caused by @entity1341 @entity1445 . Opioid receptors have been shown to play a key role in cardio protection. We explored whether this rescue action of LE is mediated through opioid receptors. METHODS: Asystole was induced by @entity1341 (10 mg/kg over 20 seconds, IV) in young male @entity35 , and resuscitation with LE (intralipid 20%; 5 mL/kg bolus and 0.5 mL/kg/min maintenance) was started immediately. The @entity35 were pretreated 2 minutes before inducing asystole with nonselective opioid receptor antagonists such as @entity1510 and @entity19244 , as well as highly selective opioid receptor antagonists for subtype k,   , and    or @entity4613 buffer solution as a control. Heart rates and ejection fractions were measured using echocardiography. RESULTS: LE rescue of @entity1341 @entity1370 was prevented by high-dose (1 mg/kg) @entity1510 but not by lower doses of @entity1510 (1, 5, and 10   g/kg), by @entity19244 (which does not cross the blood-brain barrier), and by a selective   - and k-opioid receptor antagonists at a higher (10 mg/kg) dose. Successful LE rescue was not affected by highly selective   -opioid receptor antagonists.   -Opioid receptor antagonist (10 mg/kg) pretreatment also resulted in reduced phosphorylation level of cardiac glycogen synthase kinase-3b in @entity35 that were not resuscitated by LE compared with control. CONCLUSIONS: Our data highlight the involvement of peripheral   - and k-opioid receptors in the rescue action of LE.

title: Involvement of Opioid Receptors in the Lipid Rescue of XXXX -Induced @entity1370 .

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['Bupivacaine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nail clipping microscopy is a valuable diagnostic tool in @entity6313 but has not been explored for the diagnosis of @entity47540 caused by @entity1569 . The objective of this study was to try to establish criteria for the diagnosis of @entity1569 by this method. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of adult @entity1 with clear-cut @entity1569 is divided into 2 groups: (1) with @entity47540 and (2) with clinically normal nails. The @entity1 were evaluated regarding gender and age, among other clinical variables. The samples were coded to allow blinded microscopic interpretation for nail plate and subungual region thickness and for the presence or absence of corneocytes, neutrophils, serous lakes, blood, bacteria, onychokaryosis, @entity5441 nuclear shadows, and fungi. RESULTS: Ninety-six @entity1 with @entity1569 were enrolled in this study. There were 40 male and 56 female subjects; ages varied from 16 to 87 years (mean, 51 years). @entity47540 was detected in 51 @entity1 (53%). On average, nail plate thickness and subungual region thickness measured 0.44 and 0.19 mm in the @entity47540 group and 0.41 and 0.14 mm in the clinically normal group (P > 0.05). @entity7064 presented 4.5 layers of corneocytes, on average, in contrast to the average of 2.4 in the clinically normal-looking nails (P = 0.0004). Neutrophils (12%), serous lakes (46%), blood collections (11%), bacteria (74%), fungi (20%), onychokaryosis, and @entity5441 nuclear shadows were all more common in the @entity47540 group but not in a statistically significant standard when compared with the other group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Nail clippings from @entity1 with @entity1569 present abnormally thickened subungual region with prominent hypercorneocytosis, serous lakes, bacteria, neutrophils, and blood collections. If fungi are present, usually there are spores. Clinically, normal-looking nails in @entity1 with @entity1569 can present @entity854 .

title: Microscopic Nail Clipping Findings in XXXX With Psoriasis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity47540 :: ('OMIM:614149', 'Disease') :: ['Onychodystrophy', 'onychodystrophy']

entities_list: @entity6313 :: ('MESH:D014009', 'Disease') :: ['onychomycosis']

entities_list: @entity5441 :: ('MESH:D017681', 'Disease') :: ['hypereosinophilic']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['microscopic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity7064 :: ('MESH:C536378', 'Disease') :: ['Dystrophic nails']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity712 is increasing at an alarming rate, making it a worldwide epidemic. As the population ages and life expectancy increases, this trend is not likely to change. @entity583 ( @entity583 )-induced adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling is responsible for nearly 70% of @entity712 cases. The adverse remodeling process involves an extension of the border zone (BZ) adjacent to an @entity583 , which is normally perfused but shows myofiber @entity409 . To improve @entity1 -specific modeling of cardiac mechanics, we sought to create a finite element model of the @entity1 LV with BZ and @entity583 morphologies integrated directly from delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance (DE-MR) images. Instead of separating the LV into discrete regions (e.g., the @entity583 , BZ, and remote regions) with each having a homogeneous myocardial material property, we assumed a functional relation between the DE-MR image pixel intensity and myocardial stiffness and contractility-we considered a linear variation of material properties as a function of DE-MR image pixel intensity, which is known to improve the accuracy of the model's response. The finite element model was then calibrated using measurements obtained from the same @entity1 -namely, 3D strain measurements-using complementary spatial modulation of magnetization magnetic resonance (CSPAMM-MR) images. This led to an average circumferential strain error of 8.9% across all American Heart Association (AHA) segments. We demonstrate the utility of our method for quantifying smooth regional variations in myocardial contractility using cardiac DE-MR and CSPAMM-MR images acquired from a 78-yr-old @entity1 who experienced an @entity583 approximately 1   yr prior. We found a remote myocardial diastolic stiffness of C0  =0.102   kPa, and a remote myocardial contractility of Tmax  =146.9   kPa, which are both in the range of previously published normal @entity1 values. Moreover, we found a normalized pixel intensity range of 30% for the BZ, which is consistent with the literature. Based on these regional myocardial material properties, we used our finite element model to compute @entity1 -specific diastolic and systolic LV myofiber stress distributions, which cannot be measured directly. One of the main driving forces for adverse LV remodeling is assumed to be an abnormally high level of ventricular wall stress, and many existing and new treatments for @entity712 fundamentally attempt to normalize LV wall stress. Thus, our noninvasive method for estimating smooth regional variations in myocardial contractility should be valuable for optimizing new surgical or medical strategies to limit the chronic evolution from infarction to @entity712 .

title: A Novel Method for Quantifying Smooth Regional Variations in Myocardial Contractility Within an Infarcted XXXX Left Ventricle Based on Delay-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'Myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['contractile dysfunction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the utility of the number of positive lymph nodes with the lymph node ratio (LNR) in predicting survival after resection of @entity201 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 142 consecutive @entity1 who underwent radical resection of @entity201 was performed. A total of 3066 regional lymph nodes were resected. The median number of nodes per @entity1 was 21. The optimal cutoff values for the number of positive nodes and the LNR were determined using the Chi square scores calculated by the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: Nodal disease was found in 59 @entity1 (42  %). In the subsequent analysis of the impact that nodal status has on survival, 18 @entity1 with R1/2 resection and 6 @entity1 with @entity66 who did not survive for more than 5  years after resection were excluded. The optimal cutoff value for the number of positive nodes was 1, and the optimal cutoff value for the LNR was 5  %. Univariate analysis identified both the number of positive nodes (0, 1, or >= 2; P  =  0.005) and the LNR (0, 0-5, or >5  %; P  =  0.007) as significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis identified the number of positive nodes but not the LNR as an independent prognostic factor (P  =  0.012). The 5-year survival rates were 64  % for the @entity1 with no positive nodes, 46  % for the @entity1 with one positive node, and 28  % for the @entity1 with two or more positive nodes. CONCLUSIONS: The number of positive lymph nodes predicts survival better than the LNR after resection of @entity201 , provided that nodal evaluation is sufficient.

title: Comparison of Number Versus Ratio of Positive Lymph Nodes in the Assessment of Lymph Node Status in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['paraaortic nodal disease']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, on digital ulcer (DU) healing in @entity785 ( @entity785 ). METHODS: Randomised, placebo-controlled study in @entity1 with @entity785 to assess the effect of sildenafil 20   mg or placebo, three times daily for 12   weeks, on ischaemic DU healing. The primary end point was the time to healing for each DU. Time to healing was compared between groups using Cox models for clustered data (two-sided tests, p=0.05). RESULTS: Intention-to-treat analysis involved 83 @entity1 with a total of 192 DUs (89 in the sildenafil group and 103 in the placebo group). The HR for DU healing was 1.33 (0.88 to 2.00) (p=0.18) and 1.27 (0.85 to 1.89) (p=0.25) when adjusted for the number of DUs at entry, in favour of sildenafil. In the per protocol population, the HRs were 1.49 (0.98 to 2.28) (p=0.06) and 1.43 (0.93 to 2.19) p=0.10. The mean number of DUs per @entity1 was lower in the sildenafil group compared with the placebo group at week (W) 8 (1.23  1.61 vs 1.79  2.40 p=0.04) and W12 (0.86  1.62 vs 1.51  2.68, p=0.01) resulting from a greater healing rate (p=0.01 at W8 and p=0.03 at W12). CONCLUSIONS: The primary end point was not reached in intention-to-treat, partly because of an unexpectedly high healing rate in the placebo group. We found a significant decrease in the number of DUs in favour of sildenafil compared with placebo at W8 and W12, confirming a sildenafil benefit. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01295736.

title: Efficacy of sildenafil on ischaemic digital ulcer healing in XXXX : the placebo-controlled SEDUCE study.

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['SSc', 'systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the long-term sustainability of continuing professional development (CPD) training in pharmacy practice and @entity146 . METHODS: This was a 3-year posttrial survey of pharmacists who had participated in an unblinded randomized controlled trial of CPD. The online survey assessed @entity1 ' perceptions of pharmacy practice, @entity146 , and sustainability of CPD. Differences between groups on the posttrial survey responses and changes from the trial's follow-up survey to the posttrial survey responses within the intervention group were compared. RESULTS: Of the 91 pharmacists who completed the original trial, 72 (79%) participated in the sustainability survey. Compared to control @entity1 , a higher percentage of intervention @entity1 reported in the sustainability survey that they had utilized the CPD concept (45.7% vs 8.1%) and identified personal learning objectives (68.6% vs 43.2%) during the previous year. Compared to their follow-up survey responses, lower percentages of intervention @entity1 reported identifying personal learning objectives (94.3% vs 68.6%), documenting their learning plan (82.9% vs 22.9%) and participating in learning by doing (42.9% vs 14.3%) in the sustainability survey. In the intervention group, many of the improvements to pharmacy practice items were sustained over the 3-year period but were not significantly different from the control group. CONCLUSION: Sustainability of a CPD intervention over a 3-year varied. While CPD-trained pharmacists reported utilizing CPD concepts at a higher rate than control pharmacists, their CPD @entity146 diminished over time.

title: The sustainability of improvements from continuing professional development in pharmacy practice and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['learning behaviors']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['learning behaviors']


abstract: Anticitrullinated peptide/protein antibodies ( @entity7134 ), which are highly specific for @entity309 ( @entity309 ), may be found in some @entity1 with other systemic @entity792 . The clinical significance of @entity7134 in patients with @entity50098 ( @entity50098 ), a @entity262 characterized by the association of @entity5442 , @entity401 , @entity4841 , and/or @entity625 , has not yet been evaluated with regard to phenotype, prognosis, and response to treatment. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 were first identified among a French multicenter registry of @entity1 with @entity50098 . Additionally, all French rheumatology and internal medicine practitioners registered on the Club Rhumatismes et Inflammation web site were asked to report their observations of @entity50098 @entity1 with @entity7134 . The 17 collected @entity1 were retrospectively studied using a standardized questionnaire and compared with 34 unselected @entity7134 -negative @entity50098 @entity1 in a case-control study. All @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 suffered from @entity625 versus 41% in the control group (P<0.0001). The number of swollen joints was significantly higher (7.0  5.0 vs 2.9  3.9, P<0.005), with a distribution resembling that of @entity309 . Radiographic damages were also more frequent in @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 (87% vs 11%, P<0.0001). Aside from a significantly higher transfer factor for @entity1223 in @entity7134 - @entity50098 @entity1 , lung, muscle, and skin involvements had similar incidences, patterns, and severity in both groups. Although Nonbiologic treatments were similarly used in both groups, @entity7134 -positive @entity1 received biologics more frequently (59% vs 12%, P<0.0008), mostly due to refractory @entity625 (n=9). Eight patients received anti-Cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with good efficacy and tolerance, whereas 2 of the 5 @entity1 treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs had worsened @entity5442 and/or @entity401 . After a >7-year mean follow-up, extra-articular outcomes and survival were not different. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 showed an overlapping @entity309 - @entity50098 syndrome, were at high risk of @entity625 , and might experience @entity50098 flare when treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs. In contrast, other biologics such as anti-CD20 mAb were effective in this context, without worsening systemic involvements.

title: In @entity50098 , XXXX are associated with severe and erosive @entity625 : an overlapping @entity309 and @entity50098 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['refractory erosive arthritis', 'arthritis', 'polyarthritis']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['polyarthralgia']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity50098 :: ('MESH:C537778', 'Disease') :: ['ASS', 'antisynthetase syndrome']

answer: @entity7134 :: (5657,Gene) :: ['ACPA']


abstract: Anticitrullinated peptide/protein antibodies ( @entity7134 ), which are highly specific for @entity309 ( @entity309 ), may be found in some @entity1 with other systemic @entity792 . The clinical significance of @entity7134 in patients with @entity50098 ( @entity50098 ), a @entity262 characterized by the association of @entity5442 , @entity401 , @entity4841 , and/or @entity625 , has not yet been evaluated with regard to phenotype, prognosis, and response to treatment. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 were first identified among a French multicenter registry of @entity1 with @entity50098 . Additionally, all French rheumatology and internal medicine practitioners registered on the Club Rhumatismes et Inflammation web site were asked to report their observations of @entity50098 @entity1 with @entity7134 . The 17 collected @entity1 were retrospectively studied using a standardized questionnaire and compared with 34 unselected @entity7134 -negative @entity50098 @entity1 in a case-control study. All @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 suffered from @entity625 versus 41% in the control group (P<0.0001). The number of swollen joints was significantly higher (7.0  5.0 vs 2.9  3.9, P<0.005), with a distribution resembling that of @entity309 . Radiographic damages were also more frequent in @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 (87% vs 11%, P<0.0001). Aside from a significantly higher transfer factor for @entity1223 in @entity7134 - @entity50098 @entity1 , lung, muscle, and skin involvements had similar incidences, patterns, and severity in both groups. Although Nonbiologic treatments were similarly used in both groups, @entity7134 -positive @entity1 received biologics more frequently (59% vs 12%, P<0.0008), mostly due to refractory @entity625 (n=9). Eight patients received anti-Cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with good efficacy and tolerance, whereas 2 of the 5 @entity1 treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs had worsened @entity5442 and/or @entity401 . After a >7-year mean follow-up, extra-articular outcomes and survival were not different. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 showed an overlapping @entity309 - @entity50098 syndrome, were at high risk of @entity625 , and might experience @entity50098 flare when treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs. In contrast, other biologics such as anti-CD20 mAb were effective in this context, without worsening systemic involvements.

title: In @entity50098 , @entity7134 are associated with severe and erosive XXXX : an overlapping @entity309 and @entity50098 .

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: Anticitrullinated peptide/protein antibodies ( @entity7134 ), which are highly specific for @entity309 ( @entity309 ), may be found in some @entity1 with other systemic @entity792 . The clinical significance of @entity7134 in patients with @entity50098 ( @entity50098 ), a @entity262 characterized by the association of @entity5442 , @entity401 , @entity4841 , and/or @entity625 , has not yet been evaluated with regard to phenotype, prognosis, and response to treatment. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 were first identified among a French multicenter registry of @entity1 with @entity50098 . Additionally, all French rheumatology and internal medicine practitioners registered on the Club Rhumatismes et Inflammation web site were asked to report their observations of @entity50098 @entity1 with @entity7134 . The 17 collected @entity1 were retrospectively studied using a standardized questionnaire and compared with 34 unselected @entity7134 -negative @entity50098 @entity1 in a case-control study. All @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 suffered from @entity625 versus 41% in the control group (P<0.0001). The number of swollen joints was significantly higher (7.0  5.0 vs 2.9  3.9, P<0.005), with a distribution resembling that of @entity309 . Radiographic damages were also more frequent in @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 (87% vs 11%, P<0.0001). Aside from a significantly higher transfer factor for @entity1223 in @entity7134 - @entity50098 @entity1 , lung, muscle, and skin involvements had similar incidences, patterns, and severity in both groups. Although Nonbiologic treatments were similarly used in both groups, @entity7134 -positive @entity1 received biologics more frequently (59% vs 12%, P<0.0008), mostly due to refractory @entity625 (n=9). Eight patients received anti-Cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with good efficacy and tolerance, whereas 2 of the 5 @entity1 treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs had worsened @entity5442 and/or @entity401 . After a >7-year mean follow-up, extra-articular outcomes and survival were not different. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 showed an overlapping @entity309 - @entity50098 syndrome, were at high risk of @entity625 , and might experience @entity50098 flare when treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs. In contrast, other biologics such as anti-CD20 mAb were effective in this context, without worsening systemic involvements.

title: In XXXX , @entity7134 are associated with severe and erosive @entity625 : an overlapping @entity309 and @entity50098 .

answer: @entity50098 :: (MESH:C537778,Disease) :: ['antisynthetase syndrome']


abstract: Anticitrullinated peptide/protein antibodies ( @entity7134 ), which are highly specific for @entity309 ( @entity309 ), may be found in some @entity1 with other systemic @entity792 . The clinical significance of @entity7134 in patients with @entity50098 ( @entity50098 ), a @entity262 characterized by the association of @entity5442 , @entity401 , @entity4841 , and/or @entity625 , has not yet been evaluated with regard to phenotype, prognosis, and response to treatment. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 were first identified among a French multicenter registry of @entity1 with @entity50098 . Additionally, all French rheumatology and internal medicine practitioners registered on the Club Rhumatismes et Inflammation web site were asked to report their observations of @entity50098 @entity1 with @entity7134 . The 17 collected @entity1 were retrospectively studied using a standardized questionnaire and compared with 34 unselected @entity7134 -negative @entity50098 @entity1 in a case-control study. All @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 suffered from @entity625 versus 41% in the control group (P<0.0001). The number of swollen joints was significantly higher (7.0  5.0 vs 2.9  3.9, P<0.005), with a distribution resembling that of @entity309 . Radiographic damages were also more frequent in @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 (87% vs 11%, P<0.0001). Aside from a significantly higher transfer factor for @entity1223 in @entity7134 - @entity50098 @entity1 , lung, muscle, and skin involvements had similar incidences, patterns, and severity in both groups. Although Nonbiologic treatments were similarly used in both groups, @entity7134 -positive @entity1 received biologics more frequently (59% vs 12%, P<0.0008), mostly due to refractory @entity625 (n=9). Eight patients received anti-Cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with good efficacy and tolerance, whereas 2 of the 5 @entity1 treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs had worsened @entity5442 and/or @entity401 . After a >7-year mean follow-up, extra-articular outcomes and survival were not different. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 showed an overlapping @entity309 - @entity50098 syndrome, were at high risk of @entity625 , and might experience @entity50098 flare when treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs. In contrast, other biologics such as anti-CD20 mAb were effective in this context, without worsening systemic involvements.

title: In @entity50098 , @entity7134 are associated with severe and erosive @entity625 : an overlapping @entity309 and XXXX .

answer: @entity50098 :: (MESH:C537778,Disease) :: ['antisynthetase syndrome']


abstract: Anticitrullinated peptide/protein antibodies ( @entity7134 ), which are highly specific for @entity309 ( @entity309 ), may be found in some @entity1 with other systemic @entity792 . The clinical significance of @entity7134 in patients with @entity50098 ( @entity50098 ), a @entity262 characterized by the association of @entity5442 , @entity401 , @entity4841 , and/or @entity625 , has not yet been evaluated with regard to phenotype, prognosis, and response to treatment. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 were first identified among a French multicenter registry of @entity1 with @entity50098 . Additionally, all French rheumatology and internal medicine practitioners registered on the Club Rhumatismes et Inflammation web site were asked to report their observations of @entity50098 @entity1 with @entity7134 . The 17 collected @entity1 were retrospectively studied using a standardized questionnaire and compared with 34 unselected @entity7134 -negative @entity50098 @entity1 in a case-control study. All @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 suffered from @entity625 versus 41% in the control group (P<0.0001). The number of swollen joints was significantly higher (7.0  5.0 vs 2.9  3.9, P<0.005), with a distribution resembling that of @entity309 . Radiographic damages were also more frequent in @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 (87% vs 11%, P<0.0001). Aside from a significantly higher transfer factor for @entity1223 in @entity7134 - @entity50098 @entity1 , lung, muscle, and skin involvements had similar incidences, patterns, and severity in both groups. Although Nonbiologic treatments were similarly used in both groups, @entity7134 -positive @entity1 received biologics more frequently (59% vs 12%, P<0.0008), mostly due to refractory @entity625 (n=9). Eight patients received anti-Cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with good efficacy and tolerance, whereas 2 of the 5 @entity1 treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs had worsened @entity5442 and/or @entity401 . After a >7-year mean follow-up, extra-articular outcomes and survival were not different. @entity7134 -positive @entity50098 @entity1 showed an overlapping @entity309 - @entity50098 syndrome, were at high risk of @entity625 , and might experience @entity50098 flare when treated with antitumor @entity39 factor drugs. In contrast, other biologics such as anti-CD20 mAb were effective in this context, without worsening systemic involvements.

title: In @entity50098 , @entity7134 are associated with severe and erosive @entity625 : an overlapping XXXX and @entity50098 .

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between different level of surplus energy and @entity9528 health among middle-aged and elder females. METHODS: Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used and 650 residents aged 40 - 60 years in Xi' an City were selected for measurement of body shape, function, blood biochemistry and psychology indicators and questionnaire survey of nutritional and physical activity status. The subjects were divided into the following four groups according to surplus energy (SE) classification by using of quartile method, When SE < @entity4667 for the low surplus energy group, @entity4667  <= SE < @entity2451 for the moderate surplus energy group, @entity2451  <= SE < @entity2251 for the high surplus energy group, @entity2251 < SE for higher surplus energy group. RESULTS: Body mass, waist circumference, hip circumference, arm skinfold thickness, abdominal skinfold thickness, leg skinfold thickness, body mass index, waist-hip ratio and body fat rate among surplus energy groups was statistically significant (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). Cardiopulmonary function and mental health level of the high energy group and the moderate surplus energy group were better than the low surplus energy group and higher surplus energy group, it was statistically significant (P <0. 05), and the level of @entity413 , TG, TC, LDL declined significantly and the level of HDL increased remarkably (P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The energy intake of dietary and the energy consumption of physical activity are factors influencing the level of @entity9528 health.

title: [Level of different energy metabolism on XXXX of women in Xi' an City].

entities_list: @entity9528 :: ('MESH:D005878', 'Disease') :: ['constitution']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity9528 :: (MESH:D005878,Disease) :: ['constitution']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current hypotheses postulate a relationship between @entity409 and freezing of gait ( @entity6556 ) in @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Hitherto, most evidence comes from entirely clinical approaches, while knowledge about this relationship on the morphological level is sparse. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the overlap of gray matter @entity194 associated with @entity6556 and @entity409 in @entity191 . We included 18 @entity191 @entity1 with @entity6556 and 20 without @entity6556 in our analysis. A voxel-based morphometry approach was used to reveal voxel clusters in the gray matter which were associated with @entity6556 and @entity409 as measured by the Frontal Assessment Battery, respectively. Conjunction analysis was applied to detect overlaps of the associated patterns. @entity6556 correlated with different cortical clusters in the frontal and parietal lobes, whereas those associated with the @entity1334 scores were, although widespread, widely confined to the frontal lobe. Conjunction analysis revealed a significant cluster of gray matter loss in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We could show that the patterns of @entity179 associated with @entity6556 and @entity409 (as measured by the @entity1334 ) share atrophic changes in the same cortical areas. However, there is also a considerable number of cortical areas where neurodegenerative changes are only unique for either sign. Particularly, the involvement of parietal lobe areas seems to be more specific for @entity6556 .

title: Do XXXX and freezing of gait in @entity191 share the same neuroanatomical correlates?

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['executive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['executive dysfunction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current hypotheses postulate a relationship between @entity409 and freezing of gait ( @entity6556 ) in @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Hitherto, most evidence comes from entirely clinical approaches, while knowledge about this relationship on the morphological level is sparse. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the overlap of gray matter @entity194 associated with @entity6556 and @entity409 in @entity191 . We included 18 @entity191 @entity1 with @entity6556 and 20 without @entity6556 in our analysis. A voxel-based morphometry approach was used to reveal voxel clusters in the gray matter which were associated with @entity6556 and @entity409 as measured by the Frontal Assessment Battery, respectively. Conjunction analysis was applied to detect overlaps of the associated patterns. @entity6556 correlated with different cortical clusters in the frontal and parietal lobes, whereas those associated with the @entity1334 scores were, although widespread, widely confined to the frontal lobe. Conjunction analysis revealed a significant cluster of gray matter loss in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We could show that the patterns of @entity179 associated with @entity6556 and @entity409 (as measured by the @entity1334 ) share atrophic changes in the same cortical areas. However, there is also a considerable number of cortical areas where neurodegenerative changes are only unique for either sign. Particularly, the involvement of parietal lobe areas seems to be more specific for @entity6556 .

title: Do @entity409 and freezing of gait in XXXX share the same neuroanatomical correlates?

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intracranial @entity511 is rare, and most cases occur in the skull base. Intradural @entity511 is even rarer. CASE: Here, we describe a case of @entity511 with a radiation history for @entity189 and a radical prostatectomy for @entity263 15 and 8 years earlier, respectively. A 67-year-old @entity1 presented with a 3-week @entity2414 and @entity4653 . Computed tomography and magnetic resonance images of the brain revealed a dural-based mass in the left temporal area. Under the impression of a @entity463 , a resection and an intraoperative squash cytology were done. A necrotic dirty background as well as bluish-to-pinkish myxoid stroma were characteristic; the nuclei of highly @entity5 cells were hyperchromatic to vesicular with an occasional ground-glass appearance. The cytoplasm was of an eosinophilic hyalinized condensed morphology with an occasional granular appearance. Histologically, the lobulated mass was composed of hypercellular lobules of well-differentiated chondrocytes intermixed with anaplastic pleomorphic cells and diagnosed as a conventional grade III @entity511 . These cells were immunoreactive for D2-40, @entity4483 protein and @entity2277 . Brain invasion was also found. CONCLUSION: Albeit rare, dural-based @entity511 should be considered in the differential diagnosis for @entity3554 , especially in the case of previous radiation therapy.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Squash Cytology of a Dural-Based High-Grade Chondrosarcoma May Mimic That of XXXX in the Central Nervous System.

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma', 'chondrosarcomas', 'dural chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pleomorphic tumor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory disturbance']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity3554 :: ('MESH:D008577', 'Disease') :: ['meningeal tumors']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['Glioblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hereditary protein S (PS) deficiency is an independent risk factor for @entity1211 . However, the correlation between PS and arterial @entity715 , such as @entity5892 , is not clear. The present study focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying @entity385 caused by a PS gene mutation in one family. The activity of @entity5582 , protein  C and PS in the plasma of the proband was measured, and the genes encoding PS were amplified and sequenced. The cellular localization and expression of PS were analyzed in HEK  -293 cells. The proband was a 50  -year  -old male. Plasma PS activity of the proband was 38.9%, which was significantly decreased compared with normal levels. Sequencing analysis revealed a @entity7989 @entity71838 mutation on exon  12. This frameshift mutation converts Asp496 in the precursor PS into the termination codon. In addition, the @entity7989 mutation was correlated with low PS activity in the family. Functional tests revealed that the mutant protein aggregated in the cytoplasm and its secretion and expression decreased. In conclusion, protein S mutation appeared to be the primary cause of @entity715 in the family of the present study. However, the correlation between @entity4889 and @entity385 requires further investigation.

title: XXXX leads to @entity385 .

entities_list: @entity5892 :: ('MESH:D020767', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity4889 :: ('MESH:D018455', 'Disease') :: ['PS deficiency']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic disease']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity4889 :: (MESH:D018455,Disease) :: ['Hereditary protein S deficiency']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hereditary protein S (PS) deficiency is an independent risk factor for @entity1211 . However, the correlation between PS and arterial @entity715 , such as @entity5892 , is not clear. The present study focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying @entity385 caused by a PS gene mutation in one family. The activity of @entity5582 , protein  C and PS in the plasma of the proband was measured, and the genes encoding PS were amplified and sequenced. The cellular localization and expression of PS were analyzed in HEK  -293 cells. The proband was a 50  -year  -old male. Plasma PS activity of the proband was 38.9%, which was significantly decreased compared with normal levels. Sequencing analysis revealed a @entity7989 @entity71838 mutation on exon  12. This frameshift mutation converts Asp496 in the precursor PS into the termination codon. In addition, the @entity7989 mutation was correlated with low PS activity in the family. Functional tests revealed that the mutant protein aggregated in the cytoplasm and its secretion and expression decreased. In conclusion, protein S mutation appeared to be the primary cause of @entity715 in the family of the present study. However, the correlation between @entity4889 and @entity385 requires further investigation.

title: @entity4889 leads to XXXX .

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']