abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether @entity1955 ( @entity2016 ) treatment has beneficial effects on IVF results and pregnancy outcome in @entity249 @entity1 with @entity1375 undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. SETTING: University-affiliated @entity249 clinic. @entity1 (S): A total of 64 @entity249 @entity1 with @entity1375 , defined as an elevated serum TSH level associated with a normal free T4 level and without frank symptoms of @entity1375 . INTERVENTION(S): @entity1 were randomized into an @entity2016 treatment group or control group. For the @entity2016 treatment group, 50  g @entity2016 was administered from the first day of controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF/ICSI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Results of IVF and pregnancy outcome. RESULT(S): There were no differences in @entity1 characteristics between the two groups. Total dose and days of recombinant @entity1 FSH used for controlled ovarian stimulation were also similar. The number of grade I or II embryos was significantly higher in the @entity2016 treatment group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate per cycle between the two groups. However, the miscarriage rate was significantly lower in the @entity2016 treatment group than in the control group. Embryo implantation rate and live birth rate were significantly higher in the @entity2016 treatment group. In the control group, both thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody levels were significantly higher in the miscarried subgroup than in the delivered subgroup. CONCLUSION(S): @entity2016 treatment can improve embryo quality and pregnancy outcome in @entity1375 @entity1 undergoing IVF/ICSI.

title: Effect of @entity1955 treatment on in vitro fertilization and pregnancy outcome in @entity249 @entity1 with XXXX undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

answer: @entity1375 :: (MESH:D007037,Disease) :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether @entity1955 ( @entity2016 ) treatment has beneficial effects on IVF results and pregnancy outcome in @entity249 @entity1 with @entity1375 undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. SETTING: University-affiliated @entity249 clinic. @entity1 (S): A total of 64 @entity249 @entity1 with @entity1375 , defined as an elevated serum TSH level associated with a normal free T4 level and without frank symptoms of @entity1375 . INTERVENTION(S): @entity1 were randomized into an @entity2016 treatment group or control group. For the @entity2016 treatment group, 50  g @entity2016 was administered from the first day of controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF/ICSI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Results of IVF and pregnancy outcome. RESULT(S): There were no differences in @entity1 characteristics between the two groups. Total dose and days of recombinant @entity1 FSH used for controlled ovarian stimulation were also similar. The number of grade I or II embryos was significantly higher in the @entity2016 treatment group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate per cycle between the two groups. However, the miscarriage rate was significantly lower in the @entity2016 treatment group than in the control group. Embryo implantation rate and live birth rate were significantly higher in the @entity2016 treatment group. In the control group, both thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody levels were significantly higher in the miscarried subgroup than in the delivered subgroup. CONCLUSION(S): @entity2016 treatment can improve embryo quality and pregnancy outcome in @entity1375 @entity1 undergoing IVF/ICSI.

title: Effect of XXXX treatment on in vitro fertilization and pregnancy outcome in @entity249 @entity1 with @entity1375 undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patients', 'human', 'patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroidism', 'subclinical hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility', 'infertile']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['levothyroxine']

answer: @entity1955 :: (MESH:D013974,Chemical) :: ['levothyroxine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether @entity1955 ( @entity2016 ) treatment has beneficial effects on IVF results and pregnancy outcome in @entity249 @entity1 with @entity1375 undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. SETTING: University-affiliated @entity249 clinic. @entity1 (S): A total of 64 @entity249 @entity1 with @entity1375 , defined as an elevated serum TSH level associated with a normal free T4 level and without frank symptoms of @entity1375 . INTERVENTION(S): @entity1 were randomized into an @entity2016 treatment group or control group. For the @entity2016 treatment group, 50  g @entity2016 was administered from the first day of controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF/ICSI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Results of IVF and pregnancy outcome. RESULT(S): There were no differences in @entity1 characteristics between the two groups. Total dose and days of recombinant @entity1 FSH used for controlled ovarian stimulation were also similar. The number of grade I or II embryos was significantly higher in the @entity2016 treatment group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate per cycle between the two groups. However, the miscarriage rate was significantly lower in the @entity2016 treatment group than in the control group. Embryo implantation rate and live birth rate were significantly higher in the @entity2016 treatment group. In the control group, both thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody levels were significantly higher in the miscarried subgroup than in the delivered subgroup. CONCLUSION(S): @entity2016 treatment can improve embryo quality and pregnancy outcome in @entity1375 @entity1 undergoing IVF/ICSI.

title: Effect of @entity1955 treatment on in vitro fertilization and pregnancy outcome in @entity249 XXXX with @entity1375 undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: PURPOSE: Many @entity263 survivors experience compromised health-related quality of life (HRQOL) as a result of @entity263 . We examined relationships between types and intensities of activity and @entity263 -related HRQOL, overall, and by @entity66 , and treatment characteristics. METHODS: Associations between post-diagnosis activity and sedentary behavior and HRQOL domains ( @entity322 , @entity1744 /hormonal) were prospectively examined in @entity1 diagnosed with non-metastatic @entity263 in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (n   =   1917) using generalized linear models. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders, higher duration of total, non-vigorous, and walking activity was associated with higher vitality/hormonal functioning scores (p-trends, <0.0001). Effects were small (d   =   0.16-0.20) but approached clinical significance for @entity1 in the highest vs. lowest activity categories. Survivors who walked >= 90  min/week at a normal pace, or faster, reported higher hormone/vitality scores (p   =   0.001) than @entity1 walking <90  min at an easy pace. Weightlifting was associated with increased @entity322 (p-trend, 0.02). Total activity was associated with higher hormone/vitality functioning in @entity1 who were >= 5  years post-treatment, had more @entity1442 (Gleason score >= 7), and had >= 1 comorbid condition. No relationships were observed between vigorous activity or sedentary behavior and HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS: Increased duration of non-vigorous activity and walking post-diagnosis was positively associated with better hormone/vitality functioning. Specifically, engaging in >= 5  h of non-vigorous activity or >= 3  h of walking per week may be beneficial. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Encouraging @entity1 to engage in non-vigorous activity and walking may be helpful for managing @entity263 .

title: Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and health-related quality of life in XXXX survivors in the health professionals follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer-related HRQOL', 'prostate cancer', 'sedentary behavior and prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['demographic, disease']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['urinary irritation/obstruction, bowel, sexual, and vitality']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: AIM: To determine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of @entity1 diagnosed with pediatric @entity1252 (pSLE) in the general pediatrics department of a tertiary level hospital in southern India and compare them to data of case series from other parts of the country. METHODS: Retrospective chart review by two independent reviewers. All @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1252 in the pediatrics department of the Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences hospital between 1 January 2004 and 31 September 2008, were included in the study. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were diagnosed with pSLE in the above-mentioned period (female : male ratio 2.3 : 1.0). @entity221 (75% of @entity1 ) and @entity4841 (65%) were the most common clinical presenting features. Many @entity1 who were referred as ' @entity221 of unknown origin' (37.5%) or ' @entity3039 ' (15%) fulfilled the diagnosis of @entity1252 on detailed evaluation. Renal manifestations were present in 11 @entity1 , seven of whom underwent a biopsy. Class IV @entity1988 was the most common finding (4/7). A very high percentage of our @entity1 had hypocomplementemia (85%). The statistical significance of the differences between our cohort and previously reported cohorts could not be determined. CONCLUSIONS: pSLE @entity1 in our series, compared to previous literature from India had a much higher incidence of @entity221 , @entity882 and hypocomplementemia at presentation and much lower incidence of @entity625 . It is unclear whether these differences represent unique characteristics of ethnically dissimilar subsets of the Indian population. A high index of suspicion should be maintained in order to make an early diagnosis of pSLE, since the most common presenting features in our cohort were @entity4841 and @entity221 .

title: Case series of pediatric XXXX : comparison with other Indian series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus from Kerala']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data regarding anatomic and clinical results of flow diversion treatment in complex bifurcation @entity439 of the anterior circulation are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To present our results of treatment of these lesions with special emphasis on the fate of 'jailed' cortical branches and perforating arteries. METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 were treated with flow diverters (FDs) for 18 @entity439 of the middle cerebral artery bifurcation (n=13) and the anterior communicating artery complex (n=5). Nineteen cortical branches were covered. A single FD was used in all @entity1 . RESULTS: At latest follow-up (mean 7.9 months; range 3-36; median 4.0) 2/19 (10.5%) of the covered branches were occluded, 9/19 (47.4%) showed a decreased caliber and the remaining branches were unchanged. All branch modifications were clinically asymptomatic. Mortality and permanent morbidity were 0%. Symptomatic @entity63 events in perforator territories occurred in three @entity1 (17.6%), which were reversible in all of them within 24   h. Follow-up MRI disclosed asymptomatic @entity8987 corresponding to covered perforating artery territories in five @entity1 (29.4%). Altogether, perforator lesions-symptomatic and asymptomatic-occurred in 7/17 @entity1 (41.2%). 33.3% of the @entity439 were occluded at latest follow-up; decreased diameters were seen in the other 66.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Flow diversion of bifurcation @entity439 is feasible with low rates of permanent morbidity and mortality. Caliber reduction and asymptomatic occlusion of covered cortical branches seems to be common, yet @entity63 complications are rather linked to perforator occlusions. Our results on @entity439 rates are preliminary and longer follow-up periods are warranted.

title: Flow diversion treatment of complex bifurcation XXXX beyond the circle of Willis: a single-center series with special emphasis on covered cortical branches and perforating arteries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8987 :: ('MESH:D059409', 'Disease') :: ['lacunar defects']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm occlusion']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of @entity9 produced by @entity1897 on mass, myofibrillar protein content, and cross-sectional areas of Type I and II fibers of @entity35 hindlimb muscles. METHOD: Adult male @entity35 were assigned to one of three groups: a @entity158 group (n = 10) that underwent ligation and cut of the left L5 spinal nerve, a sham group (n = 10) that underwent a sham cut procedure, or a control group (n = 10) that underwent no procedures. The withdrawal threshold test was done to assess @entity158 threshold on each of Days 1-7 and 14. Activity, body weight, and food intake were measured daily for 2 weeks. At 15 days, @entity35 were anesthetized and the bilateral soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles dissected. RESULTS: At 15 days post-ligation, the @entity158 group had significant decreases in total dietary intake, body weight, activity, and muscle weight as compared to sham and control animals. Muscle weight and cross-sectional area of Type II fiber of the ipsilateral soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles decreased as did myofibrillar protein content of the @entity121 . Muscle weight of the contralateral gastrocnemius muscle decreased, as did myofibrillar protein content and cross-sectional area of Type II fiber of the contralateral plantaris muscle. CONCLUSION: Hindlimb @entity2057 occurs in both ipsilateral and contralateral sides following induction of @entity9 by unilateral @entity1897 . Muscle changes of the ipsilateral side are more pronounced than those of the contralateral side.

title: Hindlimb XXXX occurs from @entity1897 in a @entity35 @entity9 model.

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity2057 :: (MESH:D009133,Disease) :: ['muscle atrophy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of @entity9 produced by @entity1897 on mass, myofibrillar protein content, and cross-sectional areas of Type I and II fibers of @entity35 hindlimb muscles. METHOD: Adult male @entity35 were assigned to one of three groups: a @entity158 group (n = 10) that underwent ligation and cut of the left L5 spinal nerve, a sham group (n = 10) that underwent a sham cut procedure, or a control group (n = 10) that underwent no procedures. The withdrawal threshold test was done to assess @entity158 threshold on each of Days 1-7 and 14. Activity, body weight, and food intake were measured daily for 2 weeks. At 15 days, @entity35 were anesthetized and the bilateral soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles dissected. RESULTS: At 15 days post-ligation, the @entity158 group had significant decreases in total dietary intake, body weight, activity, and muscle weight as compared to sham and control animals. Muscle weight and cross-sectional area of Type II fiber of the ipsilateral soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles decreased as did myofibrillar protein content of the @entity121 . Muscle weight of the contralateral gastrocnemius muscle decreased, as did myofibrillar protein content and cross-sectional area of Type II fiber of the contralateral plantaris muscle. CONCLUSION: Hindlimb @entity2057 occurs in both ipsilateral and contralateral sides following induction of @entity9 by unilateral @entity1897 . Muscle changes of the ipsilateral side are more pronounced than those of the contralateral side.

title: Hindlimb @entity2057 occurs from XXXX in a @entity35 @entity9 model.

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['peripheral nerve damage']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of @entity9 produced by @entity1897 on mass, myofibrillar protein content, and cross-sectional areas of Type I and II fibers of @entity35 hindlimb muscles. METHOD: Adult male @entity35 were assigned to one of three groups: a @entity158 group (n = 10) that underwent ligation and cut of the left L5 spinal nerve, a sham group (n = 10) that underwent a sham cut procedure, or a control group (n = 10) that underwent no procedures. The withdrawal threshold test was done to assess @entity158 threshold on each of Days 1-7 and 14. Activity, body weight, and food intake were measured daily for 2 weeks. At 15 days, @entity35 were anesthetized and the bilateral soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles dissected. RESULTS: At 15 days post-ligation, the @entity158 group had significant decreases in total dietary intake, body weight, activity, and muscle weight as compared to sham and control animals. Muscle weight and cross-sectional area of Type II fiber of the ipsilateral soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles decreased as did myofibrillar protein content of the @entity121 . Muscle weight of the contralateral gastrocnemius muscle decreased, as did myofibrillar protein content and cross-sectional area of Type II fiber of the contralateral plantaris muscle. CONCLUSION: Hindlimb @entity2057 occurs in both ipsilateral and contralateral sides following induction of @entity9 by unilateral @entity1897 . Muscle changes of the ipsilateral side are more pronounced than those of the contralateral side.

title: Hindlimb @entity2057 occurs from @entity1897 in a @entity35 XXXX model.

answer: @entity9 :: (MESH:D009437,Disease) :: ['neuropathic pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of @entity9 produced by @entity1897 on mass, myofibrillar protein content, and cross-sectional areas of Type I and II fibers of @entity35 hindlimb muscles. METHOD: Adult male @entity35 were assigned to one of three groups: a @entity158 group (n = 10) that underwent ligation and cut of the left L5 spinal nerve, a sham group (n = 10) that underwent a sham cut procedure, or a control group (n = 10) that underwent no procedures. The withdrawal threshold test was done to assess @entity158 threshold on each of Days 1-7 and 14. Activity, body weight, and food intake were measured daily for 2 weeks. At 15 days, @entity35 were anesthetized and the bilateral soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles dissected. RESULTS: At 15 days post-ligation, the @entity158 group had significant decreases in total dietary intake, body weight, activity, and muscle weight as compared to sham and control animals. Muscle weight and cross-sectional area of Type II fiber of the ipsilateral soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles decreased as did myofibrillar protein content of the @entity121 . Muscle weight of the contralateral gastrocnemius muscle decreased, as did myofibrillar protein content and cross-sectional area of Type II fiber of the contralateral plantaris muscle. CONCLUSION: Hindlimb @entity2057 occurs in both ipsilateral and contralateral sides following induction of @entity9 by unilateral @entity1897 . Muscle changes of the ipsilateral side are more pronounced than those of the contralateral side.

title: Hindlimb @entity2057 occurs from @entity1897 in a XXXX @entity9 model.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) is the most frequently performed operation for @entity354 ( @entity354 ). However, 12% of the @entity1 have persistent reflux symptoms and 19% develop gas-related symptoms after LNF. Weakly acidic reflux and inability to belch have been alleged to cause these symptoms, respectively. The effect of LNF on weakly acidic reflux and (supra) gastric @entity6505 was evaluated. METHODS: In 31 @entity1 upper @entity344 , stationary oesophageal manometry and 24-h impedance-pH monitoring off acid secretion inhibiting drugs was performed before and 6 months after primary LNF for @entity354 that was refractory to proton pump inhibitors. @entity1 filled out validated questionnaires on GERD-HRQoL before and 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: LNF reduced reflux symptoms (18.6 > 1.6; p = 0.015). The procedure drastically reduced the incidence (number per 24 h) of acid (76.0 > 1.6; p < 0.001) and weakly acidic (13.6 > 5.7; p = 0.001) as well as liquid (53.4 > 5.4; p<0.001) and mixed @entity2749 (36.3 > 1.9; p < 0.001). In contrast, gas reflux was reduced to lesser extent (35.6 > 25.7; p = 0.022). Proximal, mid-oesophageal and distal reflux were reduced to a similar extent. Persistent @entity354 symptoms were neither preceded by acid nor by weakly acidic reflux. The number of air swallows did not change, but the number of gastric belches (GBs) was greatly reduced (68.5 > 23.9; p < 0.001). Twenty-three @entity1 had supragastric belches (SGBs), both before and after surgery, whereas eight @entity1 had no SGBs at all. The majority of SGBs were not reflux associated and the frequency was greatly increased after LNF (20.8 > 46.0; p = 0.036). Reflux-associated SGBs were abolished after surgery (14.0 > 0.4; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: LNF similarly controls acid and weakly acidic reflux, but gas reflux is reduced to lesser extent. Persistent reflux symptoms are neither caused by acid nor by weakly acidic reflux. LNF alters the @entity6505 pattern by reducing GBs (air venting from stomach) and increasing SGBs (no air venting from stomach). This explains the increase in @entity6505 experienced by some @entity1 after LNF, despite the reduction in gastric @entity6505 . It can be hypothesised that the reduction in GBs after LNF incites @entity1 to increase SGBs in a futile attempt to vent air from the stomach.

title: Effects of anti-reflux surgery on weakly acidic reflux and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2749 :: ('MESH:C580065', 'Disease') :: ['reflux episodes']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal endoscopy']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastro-oesophageal reflux disease', 'GORD']

answer: @entity6505 :: (MESH:D004884,Disease) :: ['belching']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac involvement in @entity370 is often silent and may lead to @entity944 . This study was designed to assess the value of programmed electric stimulation of the ventricle (PES) for risk stratification in @entity1 with @entity370 and evidence of preclinical cardiac involvement on imaging studies. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity1 with biopsy-proven systemic @entity370 but without cardiac symptoms who had evidence of @entity299 on positron emission tomography (PET) or cardiac MRI (CMR) were included. All @entity1 underwent baseline evaluation, echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular function, and programmed electric stimulation of the ventricle. @entity1 were followed for survival and arrhythmic events. Seventy-six @entity1 underwent PES of the ventricle. Eight (11%) were inducible for sustained @entity943 and received an implantable defibrillator. None of the noninducible @entity1 received a defibrillator. Left ventricular ejection fraction was lower in @entity1 with inducible @entity943 (36.4  4.2% versus 55.8  1.5%, P<0.05). Over a median follow-up of 5 years, 6 of 8 @entity1 in the group with inducible @entity943 had @entity943 or died, compared with 1 death in the negative group (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity370 and evidence of cardiac involvement on PET or CMR alone, positive PES may help to identify @entity1 at risk for @entity943 . More importantly, @entity1 in this cohort with a negative PES appear to have a benign course within the first several years following diagnosis. PES may help to guide the use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators in this population.

title: Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in silent XXXX : role of programmed ventricular stimulation.

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac sarcoidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A low serum osteocalcin level, @entity1144 and postmenopausal status are recognized risk factors for @entity65 . OBJECTIVE: We investigated the relationship between the serum osteocalcin level and visceral fat content in a population of Chinese postmenopausal @entity1 . DESIGN AND @entity1 : In total, 1481 postmenopausal @entity1 (mean age      standard deviation, 57  1      4  8  years) were selected from the Shanghai Obesity Study. MEASUREMENTS: Abdominal fat accumulation was quantified using magnetic resonance imaging. Subjects with a @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) of >= 80  cm(2) were classified as abdominally obese. The total serum osteocalcin level was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULTS: The median serum osteocalcin level was 20  66   g/l (interquartile range, 16  88-25  42   g/l). The overall prevalence of @entity1144 was 49  1% (n  =  727). @entity1144 subjects had lower serum osteocalcin levels than did nonabdominally obese subjects [19  14 (16  02-23  82) vs 21  97 (18  14-26  77)  g/l, respectively; P  <  0  001]. Partial correlation analysis showed that the serum osteocalcin level was still negatively correlated with @entity1386 after adjusting for age, years since menopause and body mass index (P  <  0  01). Moreover, @entity1386 was independently associated with the serum osteocalcin level after adjustment for confounding factors (P  <  0  05). A low serum osteocalcin level was an independent risk factor for @entity1144 (odds ratio, 0  972; 95% confidence interval, 0  953-0  991; P  =  0  004). CONCLUSION: The serum osteocalcin level was inversely correlated with the visceral fat content in these Chinese postmenopausal @entity1 .

title: Association between serum osteocalcin level and XXXX in Chinese postmenopausal @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominally obese', 'visceral obesity', 'abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['VFA', 'visceral fat area']

answer: @entity1144 :: (MESH:D056128,Disease) :: ['visceral obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A low serum osteocalcin level, @entity1144 and postmenopausal status are recognized risk factors for @entity65 . OBJECTIVE: We investigated the relationship between the serum osteocalcin level and visceral fat content in a population of Chinese postmenopausal @entity1 . DESIGN AND @entity1 : In total, 1481 postmenopausal @entity1 (mean age      standard deviation, 57  1      4  8  years) were selected from the Shanghai Obesity Study. MEASUREMENTS: Abdominal fat accumulation was quantified using magnetic resonance imaging. Subjects with a @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) of >= 80  cm(2) were classified as abdominally obese. The total serum osteocalcin level was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULTS: The median serum osteocalcin level was 20  66   g/l (interquartile range, 16  88-25  42   g/l). The overall prevalence of @entity1144 was 49  1% (n  =  727). @entity1144 subjects had lower serum osteocalcin levels than did nonabdominally obese subjects [19  14 (16  02-23  82) vs 21  97 (18  14-26  77)  g/l, respectively; P  <  0  001]. Partial correlation analysis showed that the serum osteocalcin level was still negatively correlated with @entity1386 after adjusting for age, years since menopause and body mass index (P  <  0  01). Moreover, @entity1386 was independently associated with the serum osteocalcin level after adjustment for confounding factors (P  <  0  05). A low serum osteocalcin level was an independent risk factor for @entity1144 (odds ratio, 0  972; 95% confidence interval, 0  953-0  991; P  =  0  004). CONCLUSION: The serum osteocalcin level was inversely correlated with the visceral fat content in these Chinese postmenopausal @entity1 .

title: Association between serum osteocalcin level and @entity1144 in Chinese postmenopausal XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity740 ( @entity740 ), an independent risk factor for @entity65 , is associated with abnormal lipoprotein metabolism. We examined whether electronegative low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is mechanistically linked to @entity299 in @entity1 with early @entity740 . We compared echocardiographic parameters between @entity1 with stage 2 @entity740 (n = 88) and normal controls (n = 89) and found that impaired relaxation was more common in @entity740 @entity1 . Reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate was an independent predictor of @entity1002 . We then examined cardiac function in a @entity35 model of early @entity740 induced by unilateral nephrectomy (UNx) by analyzing pressure-volume loop data. The time constant of isovolumic pressure decay was longer and the maximal velocity of pressure fall was slower in UNx @entity35 than in controls. When we investigated the mechanisms underlying @entity409 , we found that LDL from @entity740 @entity1 and UNx @entity35 was more electronegative than LDL from their respective controls and that LDL from UNx @entity35 induced intracellular @entity460 overload in H9c2 cardiomyocytes in vitro. Furthermore, chronic administration of electronegative LDL, which signals through @entity27773 ( @entity27773 ), induced @entity409 in wild-type but not @entity27773 (-/-) @entity19 . In in vitro and in vivo experiments, @entity299 was associated with increased @entity460 transient resulting from @entity842 (NO)-dependent nitrosylation of SERCA2a due to increases in inducible NO synthase expression and endothelial NO synthase uncoupling. In conclusion, LDL becomes more electronegative in early @entity740 . This change disrupts SERCA2a-regulated @entity460 homeostasis, which may be the mechanism underlying @entity9136 .

title: Increased LDL electronegativity in chronic kidney disease disrupts XXXX homeostasis resulting in @entity299 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9136 :: ('MESH:D059347', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorenal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['relaxation dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic kidney disease', 'CKD']

entities_list: @entity27773 :: ('108078(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1', 'LOX-1']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction', 'impaired cardiac relaxation']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular relaxation dysfunction']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: @entity740 ( @entity740 ), an independent risk factor for @entity65 , is associated with abnormal lipoprotein metabolism. We examined whether electronegative low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is mechanistically linked to @entity299 in @entity1 with early @entity740 . We compared echocardiographic parameters between @entity1 with stage 2 @entity740 (n = 88) and normal controls (n = 89) and found that impaired relaxation was more common in @entity740 @entity1 . Reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate was an independent predictor of @entity1002 . We then examined cardiac function in a @entity35 model of early @entity740 induced by unilateral nephrectomy (UNx) by analyzing pressure-volume loop data. The time constant of isovolumic pressure decay was longer and the maximal velocity of pressure fall was slower in UNx @entity35 than in controls. When we investigated the mechanisms underlying @entity409 , we found that LDL from @entity740 @entity1 and UNx @entity35 was more electronegative than LDL from their respective controls and that LDL from UNx @entity35 induced intracellular @entity460 overload in H9c2 cardiomyocytes in vitro. Furthermore, chronic administration of electronegative LDL, which signals through @entity27773 ( @entity27773 ), induced @entity409 in wild-type but not @entity27773 (-/-) @entity19 . In in vitro and in vivo experiments, @entity299 was associated with increased @entity460 transient resulting from @entity842 (NO)-dependent nitrosylation of SERCA2a due to increases in inducible NO synthase expression and endothelial NO synthase uncoupling. In conclusion, LDL becomes more electronegative in early @entity740 . This change disrupts SERCA2a-regulated @entity460 homeostasis, which may be the mechanism underlying @entity9136 .

title: Increased LDL electronegativity in chronic kidney disease disrupts @entity460 homeostasis resulting in XXXX .

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of @entity1943 analogues (SAs) following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is controversial. METHOD: Literature databases were searched systematically for relevant articles. A meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating prophylactic SAs in PD was performed. RESULTS: Fifteen RCTs involving 1,352 @entity1 were included. There was a towards reduced incidences of @entity3472 (p = 0.26), clinically significant @entity3472 (p = 0.08), and @entity548 (p = 0.05) in prophylactic SAs group. In subgroup analyses, prophylactic @entity1943 significantly reduced the incidence of @entity3472 (p = 0.02), with a nonsignificant trend toward reduced incidence of clinically significantly @entity3472 (p = 0.06). @entity22798 significantly reduced the incidence of clinically significantly @entity3472 (p = 0.03). @entity2390 had no influence on the incidence of @entity3472 . CONCLUSION: The current best evidence suggests prophylactic treatment with @entity1943 or @entity22798 has a potential role in reducing the incidence of @entity3472 , while @entity2390 had no influence on the incidence of @entity3472 . High-quality RCTs assessing the role of @entity1943 and @entity22798 are required for further verification.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of XXXX Analogues in the Prevention of Postoperative Complication after Pancreaticoduodenectomy.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity22798 :: ('MESH:C517782', 'Chemical') :: ['Pasireotide', 'pasireotide']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistulas']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide', 'Octreotide']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity1943 :: (MESH:D013004,Chemical) :: ['Somatostatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In photosynthetic organisms exposure to high light induces the production of reactive @entity26 species (ROS), such as @entity273 ( @entity5568 ), which in part is prevented by non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). As one of the most stable and longest-lived ROS, @entity5568 is involved in key signalling pathways in development and stress responses, although in excess it can induce damage. A ubiquitous response to high light is the induction of the xanthophyll cycle, but its role in algae is unclear as it is not always associated with NPQ induction. The aim of this study was to reveal how diurnal changes in the level of @entity5568 are regulated in a freshwater algal community. METHODS: A natural freshwater community of algae in a temporary rainwater pool was studied, comprising photosynthetic Euglena species, benthic Navicula diatoms, Chlamydomonas and Chlorella species. Diurnal measurements were made of photosynthetic performance, concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and @entity5568 . The frequently studied model organisms Chlamydomonas and Chlorella species were isolated to study photosynthesis-related @entity5568 responses to high light. KEY RESULTS: NPQ was shown to prevent @entity5568 release in Chlamydomonas and Chlorella species under high light; in addition, dissolved organic @entity505 excited by UV-B radiation was probably responsible for a part of the @entity5568 produced in the water column. Concentrations of @entity5568 peaked at 2     m at midday and algae rapidly scavenged @entity5568 rather than releasing it. A vertical @entity5568 gradient was observed that was lowest next to diatom-rich benthic algal mats. The diurnal changes in photosynthetic pigments included the @entity7693 and @entity72131 cycles; the former was induced prior to the latter, but neither was strictly correlated with NPQ. CONCLUSIONS: The diurnal cycling of @entity5568 was apparently modulated by the organisms in this freshwater algal community. Although the community showed flexibility in its levels of NPQ, the diurnal changes in xanthophylls correlated with @entity5568 concentrations. Alternative NPQ mechanisms in algae involving proteins of the light-harvesting complex type and antioxidant protection of the thylakoid membrane by de-epoxidized carotenoids are discussed.

title: Diurnal changes in the xanthophyll cycle pigments of freshwater algae correlate with the environmental XXXX concentration rather than non-photochemical quenching.

entities_list: @entity7693 :: ('MESH:C005613', 'Chemical') :: ['violaxanthin']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity72131 :: ('MESH:C033808', 'Chemical') :: ['diadinoxanthin']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen peroxide']


abstract: The antinociceptive effect of @entity33885 (CPC) and @entity37655 were examined in adjuvant arthritic @entity35 . In the behavioral study, @entity4411 (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) but not @entity37655 (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) had a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect, determined using the flexion test. In the electrophysiological study, CPC (25-50 mg/kg, i.v.) but not @entity37655 (50 mg/kg, i.v.) @entity308 the evoked neuronal responses of nociceptive neurons in the ventrobasal thalamus (VB), while the evoked responses of non-nociceptive neurons were not @entity308 by either CPC (50 mg/kg, i.v.) or @entity37655 (50 mg/kg, i.v.). The spontaneous firings of the VB nociceptive neurons were @entity308 by both CPC (50 mg/kg, i.v.) and @entity37655 (50 mg/kg, i.v.). However, @entity37655 (50 mg/kg, i.v.) but not CPC (50 mg/kg, i.v.) also @entity308 the spontaneous firings of the mesencephalic reticular formation (RF), in these adjuvant arthritic @entity35 . These results indicate that CPC but not @entity37655 , has an antinociceptive action in adjuvant arthritic @entity35 .

title: Antinociceptive effect of XXXX in adjuvant arthritic @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity33885 :: ('MESH:C015071', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorphenesin carbamate']

entities_list: @entity37655 :: ('MESH:D008615', 'Chemical') :: ['mephenesin']

answer: @entity33885 :: (MESH:C015071,Chemical) :: ['chlorphenesin carbamate']


abstract: The antinociceptive effect of @entity33885 (CPC) and @entity37655 were examined in adjuvant arthritic @entity35 . In the behavioral study, @entity4411 (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) but not @entity37655 (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) had a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect, determined using the flexion test. In the electrophysiological study, CPC (25-50 mg/kg, i.v.) but not @entity37655 (50 mg/kg, i.v.) @entity308 the evoked neuronal responses of nociceptive neurons in the ventrobasal thalamus (VB), while the evoked responses of non-nociceptive neurons were not @entity308 by either CPC (50 mg/kg, i.v.) or @entity37655 (50 mg/kg, i.v.). The spontaneous firings of the VB nociceptive neurons were @entity308 by both CPC (50 mg/kg, i.v.) and @entity37655 (50 mg/kg, i.v.). However, @entity37655 (50 mg/kg, i.v.) but not CPC (50 mg/kg, i.v.) also @entity308 the spontaneous firings of the mesencephalic reticular formation (RF), in these adjuvant arthritic @entity35 . These results indicate that CPC but not @entity37655 , has an antinociceptive action in adjuvant arthritic @entity35 .

title: Antinociceptive effect of @entity33885 in adjuvant arthritic XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiostereometric analysis provides highly precise measurements of component micromotion relative to the bone that is otherwise undetectable by routine radiographs. This study compared, at a minimum of five years following surgery, the micromotion of @entity11608 and @entity702 acetabular cups and femoral head penetration in highly cross-linked @entity691 liners and conventional (ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 ) liners in active @entity1 who had undergone total hip replacement. METHODS: This institutional review board-approved prospective, randomized, blinded study involved forty-six @entity1 . @entity1 were randomized into one of four cohorts according to both acetabular cup and @entity691 liner. @entity1 received either a cementless cup with a @entity702 mesh surface or a @entity11608 trabecular surface and either a highly cross-linked @entity691 liner or an ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liner. Radiostereometric analysis examinations and Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity571 Index (WOMAC), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity, and Harris hip scores were obtained preoperatively, postoperatively, at six months, and annually thereafter. RESULTS: All @entity1 had significant improvement (p < 0.05) in Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary, WOMAC, UCLA activity, and Harris hip scores postoperatively. On radiostereometric analysis examination, highly cross-linked @entity691 liners showed significantly less median femoral head penetration at five years (p < 0.05). Steady-state wear rates from one year to five years were 0.04 mm per year for ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liners and 0.004 mm per year for highly cross-linked @entity691 liners. At the five-year follow-up, the median migration (and standard error) was 0.05    0.20 mm proximally for @entity702 cups and 0.21    0.05 mm for @entity11608 cups. CONCLUSIONS: In this young population who had undergone total hip replacement, radiostereometric analysis showed significantly less femoral head penetration in the highly cross-linked @entity691 liners compared with that in the conventional ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liners. Penetration rates were one order of magnitude less in highly cross-linked @entity691 liners compared with ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liners. There was no significant difference in proximal migration between the @entity11608 and @entity702 acetabular cups through the five-year follow-up (p > 0.19).

title: Radiostereometric analysis study of @entity11608 compared with XXXX acetabular cups and highly cross-linked compared with conventional liners in young @entity1 undergoing total hip replacement.

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['titanium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiostereometric analysis provides highly precise measurements of component micromotion relative to the bone that is otherwise undetectable by routine radiographs. This study compared, at a minimum of five years following surgery, the micromotion of @entity11608 and @entity702 acetabular cups and femoral head penetration in highly cross-linked @entity691 liners and conventional (ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 ) liners in active @entity1 who had undergone total hip replacement. METHODS: This institutional review board-approved prospective, randomized, blinded study involved forty-six @entity1 . @entity1 were randomized into one of four cohorts according to both acetabular cup and @entity691 liner. @entity1 received either a cementless cup with a @entity702 mesh surface or a @entity11608 trabecular surface and either a highly cross-linked @entity691 liner or an ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liner. Radiostereometric analysis examinations and Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity571 Index (WOMAC), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity, and Harris hip scores were obtained preoperatively, postoperatively, at six months, and annually thereafter. RESULTS: All @entity1 had significant improvement (p < 0.05) in Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary, WOMAC, UCLA activity, and Harris hip scores postoperatively. On radiostereometric analysis examination, highly cross-linked @entity691 liners showed significantly less median femoral head penetration at five years (p < 0.05). Steady-state wear rates from one year to five years were 0.04 mm per year for ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liners and 0.004 mm per year for highly cross-linked @entity691 liners. At the five-year follow-up, the median migration (and standard error) was 0.05    0.20 mm proximally for @entity702 cups and 0.21    0.05 mm for @entity11608 cups. CONCLUSIONS: In this young population who had undergone total hip replacement, radiostereometric analysis showed significantly less femoral head penetration in the highly cross-linked @entity691 liners compared with that in the conventional ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liners. Penetration rates were one order of magnitude less in highly cross-linked @entity691 liners compared with ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liners. There was no significant difference in proximal migration between the @entity11608 and @entity702 acetabular cups through the five-year follow-up (p > 0.19).

title: Radiostereometric analysis study of XXXX compared with @entity702 acetabular cups and highly cross-linked compared with conventional liners in young @entity1 undergoing total hip replacement.

answer: @entity11608 :: (MESH:D013635,Chemical) :: ['tantalum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiostereometric analysis provides highly precise measurements of component micromotion relative to the bone that is otherwise undetectable by routine radiographs. This study compared, at a minimum of five years following surgery, the micromotion of @entity11608 and @entity702 acetabular cups and femoral head penetration in highly cross-linked @entity691 liners and conventional (ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 ) liners in active @entity1 who had undergone total hip replacement. METHODS: This institutional review board-approved prospective, randomized, blinded study involved forty-six @entity1 . @entity1 were randomized into one of four cohorts according to both acetabular cup and @entity691 liner. @entity1 received either a cementless cup with a @entity702 mesh surface or a @entity11608 trabecular surface and either a highly cross-linked @entity691 liner or an ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liner. Radiostereometric analysis examinations and Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity571 Index (WOMAC), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity, and Harris hip scores were obtained preoperatively, postoperatively, at six months, and annually thereafter. RESULTS: All @entity1 had significant improvement (p < 0.05) in Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary, WOMAC, UCLA activity, and Harris hip scores postoperatively. On radiostereometric analysis examination, highly cross-linked @entity691 liners showed significantly less median femoral head penetration at five years (p < 0.05). Steady-state wear rates from one year to five years were 0.04 mm per year for ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liners and 0.004 mm per year for highly cross-linked @entity691 liners. At the five-year follow-up, the median migration (and standard error) was 0.05    0.20 mm proximally for @entity702 cups and 0.21    0.05 mm for @entity11608 cups. CONCLUSIONS: In this young population who had undergone total hip replacement, radiostereometric analysis showed significantly less femoral head penetration in the highly cross-linked @entity691 liners compared with that in the conventional ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liners. Penetration rates were one order of magnitude less in highly cross-linked @entity691 liners compared with ultra-high molecular weight @entity691 liners. There was no significant difference in proximal migration between the @entity11608 and @entity702 acetabular cups through the five-year follow-up (p > 0.19).

title: Radiostereometric analysis study of @entity11608 compared with @entity702 acetabular cups and highly cross-linked compared with conventional liners in young XXXX undergoing total hip replacement.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity121 ( @entity121 ) are rare inherited primary @entity121 that are mainly due to abnormalities of muscle energy metabolism resulting in skeletal @entity121 . These diseases include @entity66 , glyco(geno) @entity121 and mitochondrial @entity2383 . Clinically these disorders present with a range of symptoms including infantile @entity2421 , @entity925 /exercise tolerance, chronic or acute @entity425 , cramps/ @entity2473 /stiffness or @entity2749 acute @entity5925 . The precipitant may be fasting, @entity281 , general anaesthesia, heat/cold or most commonly, exercise. However, the differential diagnosis includes a wide range of both acquired and inherited conditions and these include exposure to drugs/toxins, @entity5442 , @entity3986 and @entity13192 . Streamlining of existing diagnostic protocols has now become a realistic prospect given the availability of second-generation sequencing. A diagnostic pathway using a ' @entity5925 ' gene panel at an early stage of the diagnostic process is proposed. Following detailed clinical evaluation and first-line investigations, some @entity1 will be identified as candidates for @entity9847 / @entity9847 or MRC disease and these will be referred directly to the specialised services. However, for the majority of @entity1 , second-line investigation is best undertaken through next-generation sequencing using a ' @entity5925 ' gene panel. Following molecular analysis and careful evaluation of the findings, some @entity1 will receive a clear diagnosis. Further functional or specific targeted testing may be required in other @entity1 to evaluate the significance of uncertain/equivocal findings. For @entity1 with no clear diagnosis, further investigations will be required through a specialist centre.

title: The investigation and management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['disorders of fatty acid oxidation']

entities_list: @entity5442 :: ('MESH:D009220', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory myopathies']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophies']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity5925 :: ('MESH:D012206', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyolysis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

entities_list: @entity9847 :: ('MESH:D006012', 'Disease') :: ['McArdle disease', 'glycogen storage disease type V']

entities_list: @entity13192 :: ('MESH:D053447', 'Disease') :: ['channelopathies']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['lytic muscle disorders', 'MM', 'muscle disorders', 'Metabolic myopathies', 'muscle dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory chain (MRC) disease']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['metabolic myopathies']


abstract: PURPOSE: In early clinical testing, most novel targeted anticancer therapies have limited @entity137 and limited efficacy, which complicates dose and schedule selection for these agents. Confirmation of target inhibition is critical for rational drug development; however, repeated @entity5 biopsies are often impractical and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and normal skin are often inadequate surrogates for @entity5 tissue. Based upon the similarities of @entity5 and wound stroma, we have developed a clinical dermal granulation tissue model to evaluate novel targeted therapies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A 4-mm skin punch biopsy was used to stimulate wound healing and a repeat 5-mm punch biopsy was used to harvest the resulting granulation tissue. This assay was performed at pretreatment and on-treatment evaluating four targeted therapies, bevacizumab, @entity2239 , @entity3866 , and panitumumab, in the context of three different clinical trials. Total and phosphorylated levels @entity319 , S6RP, and @entity470 were evaluated using ELISA-based methodologies. RESULTS: Significant and consistent inhibition of the @entity7 pathway (using @entity319 as the readout) was observed in granulation tissue biopsies from @entity1 treated with bevacizumab and @entity2239 . In addition, significant and consistent inhibition of the @entity3470 pathway (using S6RP as the readout) was observed in @entity1 treated with @entity2239 . Finally, significant inhibition of the @entity470 pathway (using @entity470 as the readout) was observed in @entity1 treated with panitumumab, but this was not observed in @entity1 treated with @entity3866 . CONCLUSION: Molecular analyses of dermal granulation tissue can be used as a convenient and quantitative pharmacodynamic biomarker platform for multiple classes of targeted therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 1-11.   2015 AACR.

title: Direct Evidence of Target Inhibition with Anti- XXXX , @entity470 , and @entity3470 Therapies in a Clinical Model of Wound Healing.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['VEGF']


abstract: PURPOSE: In early clinical testing, most novel targeted anticancer therapies have limited @entity137 and limited efficacy, which complicates dose and schedule selection for these agents. Confirmation of target inhibition is critical for rational drug development; however, repeated @entity5 biopsies are often impractical and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and normal skin are often inadequate surrogates for @entity5 tissue. Based upon the similarities of @entity5 and wound stroma, we have developed a clinical dermal granulation tissue model to evaluate novel targeted therapies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A 4-mm skin punch biopsy was used to stimulate wound healing and a repeat 5-mm punch biopsy was used to harvest the resulting granulation tissue. This assay was performed at pretreatment and on-treatment evaluating four targeted therapies, bevacizumab, @entity2239 , @entity3866 , and panitumumab, in the context of three different clinical trials. Total and phosphorylated levels @entity319 , S6RP, and @entity470 were evaluated using ELISA-based methodologies. RESULTS: Significant and consistent inhibition of the @entity7 pathway (using @entity319 as the readout) was observed in granulation tissue biopsies from @entity1 treated with bevacizumab and @entity2239 . In addition, significant and consistent inhibition of the @entity3470 pathway (using S6RP as the readout) was observed in @entity1 treated with @entity2239 . Finally, significant inhibition of the @entity470 pathway (using @entity470 as the readout) was observed in @entity1 treated with panitumumab, but this was not observed in @entity1 treated with @entity3866 . CONCLUSION: Molecular analyses of dermal granulation tissue can be used as a convenient and quantitative pharmacodynamic biomarker platform for multiple classes of targeted therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 1-11.   2015 AACR.

title: Direct Evidence of Target Inhibition with Anti- @entity7 , XXXX , and @entity3470 Therapies in a Clinical Model of Wound Healing.

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['EGFR']


abstract: PURPOSE: In early clinical testing, most novel targeted anticancer therapies have limited @entity137 and limited efficacy, which complicates dose and schedule selection for these agents. Confirmation of target inhibition is critical for rational drug development; however, repeated @entity5 biopsies are often impractical and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and normal skin are often inadequate surrogates for @entity5 tissue. Based upon the similarities of @entity5 and wound stroma, we have developed a clinical dermal granulation tissue model to evaluate novel targeted therapies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A 4-mm skin punch biopsy was used to stimulate wound healing and a repeat 5-mm punch biopsy was used to harvest the resulting granulation tissue. This assay was performed at pretreatment and on-treatment evaluating four targeted therapies, bevacizumab, @entity2239 , @entity3866 , and panitumumab, in the context of three different clinical trials. Total and phosphorylated levels @entity319 , S6RP, and @entity470 were evaluated using ELISA-based methodologies. RESULTS: Significant and consistent inhibition of the @entity7 pathway (using @entity319 as the readout) was observed in granulation tissue biopsies from @entity1 treated with bevacizumab and @entity2239 . In addition, significant and consistent inhibition of the @entity3470 pathway (using S6RP as the readout) was observed in @entity1 treated with @entity2239 . Finally, significant inhibition of the @entity470 pathway (using @entity470 as the readout) was observed in @entity1 treated with panitumumab, but this was not observed in @entity1 treated with @entity3866 . CONCLUSION: Molecular analyses of dermal granulation tissue can be used as a convenient and quantitative pharmacodynamic biomarker platform for multiple classes of targeted therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 1-11.   2015 AACR.

title: Direct Evidence of Target Inhibition with Anti- @entity7 , @entity470 , and XXXX Therapies in a Clinical Model of Wound Healing.

answer: @entity3470 :: (21977(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['mTOR']


abstract: The most important indications for passive immunotherapy in the field of @entity166 are reviewed. Intramuscular immunoglobulins are useful in prophylaxis and treatment of diseases due to bacterial exotoxins and in prophylaxis of some @entity1800 . However, their efficacy against @entity2348 has not been demonstrated. Intravenous immunoglobulins have theoretical advantages in these infections. The few clinical studies performed in neonates and in @entity1 of surgical intensive care units have suggested modest benefits. However, these studies did not allow to decide whether intravenous immunoglobulins have a role in these situations. Another approach still under investigation is to administer polyclonal antibodies directed against the central part of the endotoxin, the structure of which is well preserved among gram-negative bacteria. These antibodies have improved the survival of @entity1 with @entity2259 or @entity326 . When given prophylactically, they have reduced the incidence of @entity6281 and related mortality in @entity1 from surgical intensive care units. Further studies are in progress to determine the class and the precise specificity of these protective antibodies.

title: [Indications for passive immunotherapy in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infections']

entities_list: @entity6281 :: ('MESH:D016905', 'Disease') :: ['gram-negative shock']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['gram-negative bacteremia']

answer: @entity166 :: (MESH:D003141,Disease) :: ['infectious diseases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the relationship of smoking and @entity263 in @entity1 undergoing radical prostatectomy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 2290 @entity1 who underwent radical prostatectomy from the Shared Equal Access Regional @entity5 Hospital database from 2000 to 2013 was carried out. There were 1592 (70%) non-smokers and 698 (30%) smokers at radical prostatectomy. Logistic regression was used to examine whether smoking predicted Gleason score (>= 4   +   3), margin status, extracapsular extension or seminal vesicle invasion. Linear regression was used to test the relationship between smoking and @entity5 volume. RESULTS: Smokers were younger, more likely to be black, had lower body mass index, higher pathological Gleason score, more positive margins and extracapsular extension (all P   <   0.05) versus non-smokers. On crude analysis, smoking was associated with positive margins (odds ratio 1.32; P   =   0.003) and extracapsular extension (odds ratio 1.26; P   =   0.036). After adjusting for multiple clinical factors, smoking remained associated with a 19-35% increased risk of every adverse feature studied, though only the association with extracapsular extension reached significance. On multivariable analysis, a trend for smokers to have larger @entity5 volumes (geometric mean 5.8 vs 5.3   g; P   =   0.062) was found. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 undergoing radical prostatectomy, there seems to be a trend for smokers to have worse pathological features compared with non-/former smokers. If confirmed in future studies, smoking should be considered a modifiable risk factor for @entity263 .

title: Smoking is a predictor of adverse pathological features at radical prostatectomy: Results from the Shared Equal Access Regional XXXX Hospital database.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We investigated the nutritional and survival outcomes of medical nutrition therapy by a registered dietitian, along with support from a dedicated nutrition and metabolic support team in @entity788 @entity1 requiring enteral or parenteral nutrition. METHODS: Subjective global assessment (SGA) was used to assess nutritional status in 304 @entity788 @entity1 . Using baseline and last SGA, @entity1 were categorized into 3 groups: improved SGA, deteriorated SGA, and unchanged SGA. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used to calculate survival after controlling for relevant confounders. RESULTS: One-hundred twenty-five (41.1%) @entity1 had their SGA unchanged, 87 (28.6%) @entity1 had "improved SGA," whereas 92 (30.3%) @entity1 had "deteriorated SGA." On univariate survival analysis, the median survival was 7.8, 11.2, and 12.6 months for deteriorated, unchanged, and improved SGA groups, respectively. On multivariate analysis, change in SGA was independently predictive of survival. @entity1 with deteriorated SGA had 1.5 times (95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.1) greater risk of mortality compared to those with improved SGA. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity788 @entity1 (70%) in our study either maintained or improved their nutritional status during @entity5 treatment. Improvement in SGA correlated with a significantly decreased risk of mortality independent of sex, previous treatment history, and evidence of biological anticancer activity.

title: Outcomes of Systematic Nutritional Assessment and Medical Nutrition Therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Following metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty (THA), immunological reactions including changes in lymphocyte populations, @entity1349 , and @entity6437 occur. We hypothesized that changes in lymphocyte subpopulations would be associated with elevated metal ion concentrations. METHODS: A randomized trial involving 85 @entity1 matched for age and sex and randomized to receiving metal-on-metal (n = 41) or metal-on- @entity691 total hip arthroplasty (n = 44) was conducted. 36 @entity1 were eligible for follow-up after mean 7 (6-8) years. Concentrations of @entity3407 and @entity1953 were analyzed by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Leukocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulins in @entity1 blood were measured using standard laboratory methods. RESULTS: @entity1 with a metal-on-metal hip had higher serum concentrations of @entity3407 (1.05 vs. 0.36  g/L; p < 0.001) and @entity1953 (0.86 vs. 0.24  g/L; p < 0.001) than those with metal-on- @entity691 . The percentage of HLA DR(+) @entity405 (+) T-cells was higher in the metal-on-metal group (10.6 vs. 6.7%; p = 0.03) and correlated positively with @entity3407 and @entity1953 concentrations in @entity1 blood (Pearson's correlation coefficient: 0.39, p = 0.02; 0.36, p = 0.03, respectively). The percentage of B-cells was lower in the metal-on-metal group (p = 0.01). The two groups were similar with respect to immunoglobulin concentrations and Harris hip scores, and there were no radiographic signs of loosening. INTERPRETATION: We conclude that immunological alterations appear to be associated with increased @entity1953 and @entity3407 concentrations. It is tempting to speculate that HLA DR(+) @entity405 (+) T-cells are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity56 , implant loosening, and @entity6437 .

title: Elevation of circulating HLA DR(+) @entity405 (+) T-cells and correlation with @entity3407 and XXXX concentrations 6 years after metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity6437 :: ('MESH:D006104', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytic pseudotumors']

entities_list: @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic loosening']

answer: @entity1953 :: (MESH:D003035,Chemical) :: ['cobalt']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Following metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty (THA), immunological reactions including changes in lymphocyte populations, @entity1349 , and @entity6437 occur. We hypothesized that changes in lymphocyte subpopulations would be associated with elevated metal ion concentrations. METHODS: A randomized trial involving 85 @entity1 matched for age and sex and randomized to receiving metal-on-metal (n = 41) or metal-on- @entity691 total hip arthroplasty (n = 44) was conducted. 36 @entity1 were eligible for follow-up after mean 7 (6-8) years. Concentrations of @entity3407 and @entity1953 were analyzed by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Leukocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulins in @entity1 blood were measured using standard laboratory methods. RESULTS: @entity1 with a metal-on-metal hip had higher serum concentrations of @entity3407 (1.05 vs. 0.36  g/L; p < 0.001) and @entity1953 (0.86 vs. 0.24  g/L; p < 0.001) than those with metal-on- @entity691 . The percentage of HLA DR(+) @entity405 (+) T-cells was higher in the metal-on-metal group (10.6 vs. 6.7%; p = 0.03) and correlated positively with @entity3407 and @entity1953 concentrations in @entity1 blood (Pearson's correlation coefficient: 0.39, p = 0.02; 0.36, p = 0.03, respectively). The percentage of B-cells was lower in the metal-on-metal group (p = 0.01). The two groups were similar with respect to immunoglobulin concentrations and Harris hip scores, and there were no radiographic signs of loosening. INTERPRETATION: We conclude that immunological alterations appear to be associated with increased @entity1953 and @entity3407 concentrations. It is tempting to speculate that HLA DR(+) @entity405 (+) T-cells are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity56 , implant loosening, and @entity6437 .

title: Elevation of circulating HLA DR(+) XXXX (+) T-cells and correlation with @entity3407 and @entity1953 concentrations 6 years after metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty.

answer: @entity405 :: (925,Gene) :: ['CD8']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Following metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty (THA), immunological reactions including changes in lymphocyte populations, @entity1349 , and @entity6437 occur. We hypothesized that changes in lymphocyte subpopulations would be associated with elevated metal ion concentrations. METHODS: A randomized trial involving 85 @entity1 matched for age and sex and randomized to receiving metal-on-metal (n = 41) or metal-on- @entity691 total hip arthroplasty (n = 44) was conducted. 36 @entity1 were eligible for follow-up after mean 7 (6-8) years. Concentrations of @entity3407 and @entity1953 were analyzed by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Leukocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulins in @entity1 blood were measured using standard laboratory methods. RESULTS: @entity1 with a metal-on-metal hip had higher serum concentrations of @entity3407 (1.05 vs. 0.36  g/L; p < 0.001) and @entity1953 (0.86 vs. 0.24  g/L; p < 0.001) than those with metal-on- @entity691 . The percentage of HLA DR(+) @entity405 (+) T-cells was higher in the metal-on-metal group (10.6 vs. 6.7%; p = 0.03) and correlated positively with @entity3407 and @entity1953 concentrations in @entity1 blood (Pearson's correlation coefficient: 0.39, p = 0.02; 0.36, p = 0.03, respectively). The percentage of B-cells was lower in the metal-on-metal group (p = 0.01). The two groups were similar with respect to immunoglobulin concentrations and Harris hip scores, and there were no radiographic signs of loosening. INTERPRETATION: We conclude that immunological alterations appear to be associated with increased @entity1953 and @entity3407 concentrations. It is tempting to speculate that HLA DR(+) @entity405 (+) T-cells are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity56 , implant loosening, and @entity6437 .

title: Elevation of circulating HLA DR(+) @entity405 (+) T-cells and correlation with XXXX and @entity1953 concentrations 6 years after metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty.

answer: @entity3407 :: (MESH:D002857,Chemical) :: ['chromium']


abstract: Pregnancy is a state of hypercoagulobility that might be an evolutionary way of protecting parturients from exsanguination following @entity1 birth. Observational studies suggest an association between a low level of @entity2002 (coagulation factor I) at the start of postpartum @entity548 (PPH) and subsequent severity of @entity548 . @entity2002 concentrate may be prescribed to correct acquired hypofibrinogenaemia, but evidence is lacking regarding the treatment efficacy. This thesis assesses the current evidence for the use of @entity2002 concentrate and haemostatic assessment in @entity548 @entity1 with special attention to the obstetrical population. It includes five papers: In Paper I the benefits or harms of @entity2002 concentrate in @entity548 @entity1 in general was evaluated using a systematic Cochrane review methodology with metaanalysis of all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Six trials with high risk of bias were included (248 @entity1 ). @entity2002 appeared to reduce the need of allogenic transfusions by 53%. However, the included trials were conducted only in an elective surgical setting with a population of mainly cardiac surgical @entity1 . Paper II was also a systematic review based on Cochrane methodology evaluating the use of viscoelastic haemostatic assays to guide haemostatic transfusion in @entity548 @entity1 . Nine RCTs (776 @entity1 ) with high risk of bias were included primarily in elective cardiac surgical @entity1 and none were specific for the obstetric subpopulation. Viscoelastic haemostatic assay guided transfusion algorithm reduced @entity190 and the proportion of @entity1 exposed to fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or platelets. In both studies, we were unable to make firm conclusion on our primary outcome, "all cause mortality" due to lack of adequate data. Paper III was based on two national Danish registries evaluating the predictability of postpartum blood transfusion. Prediction was found difficult. However, retained placental parts seemed to be the strongest predictor. Since this diagnosis is made very late and often in association with the onset of @entity548 , tools to perform an early diagnosis is highly warranted. Paper IV includes recommendations of the European Society of Anaesthesiology regarding the use of @entity2002 concentrate in PPH, and is based on very weak (GRADE 2) evidence and low confidence in estimates of effect (GRADE C). Paper V describes the protocol for a RCT of early @entity2002 supplementation in @entity1 with severe postpartum @entity548 . Several practical, ethical and trial management challenges need to be addressed when conducting independent clinical research involving parturients with severe @entity548 , placebo-controlled and blinded administration of a drug in a multicenter set-up with enrolments during the entire day and with many personnel involved.

title: The role of @entity2002 and haemostatic assessment in postpartum XXXX : preparations for a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2002 :: ('2244', 'Gene') :: ['Fibrinogen', 'fibrinogen']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'haemorrhage']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['haemorrhage']


abstract: Pregnancy is a state of hypercoagulobility that might be an evolutionary way of protecting parturients from exsanguination following @entity1 birth. Observational studies suggest an association between a low level of @entity2002 (coagulation factor I) at the start of postpartum @entity548 (PPH) and subsequent severity of @entity548 . @entity2002 concentrate may be prescribed to correct acquired hypofibrinogenaemia, but evidence is lacking regarding the treatment efficacy. This thesis assesses the current evidence for the use of @entity2002 concentrate and haemostatic assessment in @entity548 @entity1 with special attention to the obstetrical population. It includes five papers: In Paper I the benefits or harms of @entity2002 concentrate in @entity548 @entity1 in general was evaluated using a systematic Cochrane review methodology with metaanalysis of all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Six trials with high risk of bias were included (248 @entity1 ). @entity2002 appeared to reduce the need of allogenic transfusions by 53%. However, the included trials were conducted only in an elective surgical setting with a population of mainly cardiac surgical @entity1 . Paper II was also a systematic review based on Cochrane methodology evaluating the use of viscoelastic haemostatic assays to guide haemostatic transfusion in @entity548 @entity1 . Nine RCTs (776 @entity1 ) with high risk of bias were included primarily in elective cardiac surgical @entity1 and none were specific for the obstetric subpopulation. Viscoelastic haemostatic assay guided transfusion algorithm reduced @entity190 and the proportion of @entity1 exposed to fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or platelets. In both studies, we were unable to make firm conclusion on our primary outcome, "all cause mortality" due to lack of adequate data. Paper III was based on two national Danish registries evaluating the predictability of postpartum blood transfusion. Prediction was found difficult. However, retained placental parts seemed to be the strongest predictor. Since this diagnosis is made very late and often in association with the onset of @entity548 , tools to perform an early diagnosis is highly warranted. Paper IV includes recommendations of the European Society of Anaesthesiology regarding the use of @entity2002 concentrate in PPH, and is based on very weak (GRADE 2) evidence and low confidence in estimates of effect (GRADE C). Paper V describes the protocol for a RCT of early @entity2002 supplementation in @entity1 with severe postpartum @entity548 . Several practical, ethical and trial management challenges need to be addressed when conducting independent clinical research involving parturients with severe @entity548 , placebo-controlled and blinded administration of a drug in a multicenter set-up with enrolments during the entire day and with many personnel involved.

title: The role of XXXX and haemostatic assessment in postpartum @entity548 : preparations for a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity2002 :: (2244,Gene) :: ['fibrinogen']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Oncological treatment of @entity2 has been available in Greenland since 2004. We evaluated @entity1 characteristics and survival rates for the first six years of @entity2 treatment. METHODS: From September 2004 to August 2010, a total of 173 @entity1 with @entity2 were referred to treatment at Queen Ingrid's Hospital. On 1 February 2014, treatment results, survival, and prognostic variables were analysed. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 63 years. @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) was diagnosed in 145 @entity1 (84%); 56% had @entity957 , 34% had @entity420 , 2% had large cell @entity189 and 8% had @entity1149 not otherwise specified (NOS). In all, 28 (16%) had @entity151 . A total of 142 @entity1 (82%) received treatment; 20 underwent surgery (ten stage Ib, one stage IIa, five stage IIb, four stage IIIa); palliative chemotherapy was given to 122 of the 142 treated @entity1 (86%). Of these, 36 @entity1 (30%) received second-line chemotherapy.The median survival of @entity1 undergoing primary lobectomy/pneumonectomy, palliative chemotherapy, and no treatment was 76.3 months, 11.8 months, and 2.0 months, respectively (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Evaluation of the first six years of @entity2 treatment in Greenland revealed a disease incidence and survival comparable to those found in the Nordic countries. To further decrease mortality from @entity2 , health-care resources should continue to be allocated to the prevention and treatment of @entity2 in Greenland. FUNDING: not relevant. TRIAL REGISTRATION: not relevant.

title: Incidence and survival from XXXX in Greenland is comparable to survival in the Nordic countries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'Non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['local lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The main treatment strategy of @entity5 @entity1 with brain meta- stasis is irradiation, while so far there is few research concerning chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for these @entity1 . The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect and @entity137 of chemotherapy with VPC regimen combined with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in @entity151 ( @entity151 ) with @entity75 . METHODS: A total of 60 @entity151 @entity1 with @entity75 received a cycle of VPC regimen ( @entity2663 60mg/m   iv on days 1-5, @entity900 35mg/m   iv on days 1-3, @entity16418 80mg/m   PO on day 1) every 3-4 weeks. WBRT was administered on day 6 of the first cycle of chemotherapy at a dose of 2Gy given in 5 fractions per week. @entity1 with less than 3 @entity75 received WBRT at a dose of 30Gy and then small field radiotherapy up to total dose of 50Gy, otherwise they received WBRT at a total dose of 40Gy. Response was evaluated by brain and chest CT or MRI after WBRT and at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy were completed. RESULTS: All the @entity1 completed WBRT combined with chemotherapy. Total response rate of primary @entity2 was 46.7%, with 4 cases of CR. The objective brain response rate was 60.0%, with 11 cases of CR and 25 cases of PR. Symptom relief was observed in all 48 @entity1 with @entity16 . Main adverse effects were myelotoxicity, @entity390 / @entity391 , @entity1142 and @entity1665 . The follow-up rate was 93.3% with a median survival duration of 11.3 months. The 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rate was 43.3%, 35.0% and 6.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy combined with WBRT can be safely performed for @entity151 with @entity75 and its short-term response is quite satisfactory. It may be worthy of further clinical investigation.

title: [VPC regimen combined with whole-brain radiotherapy in the treatment of XXXX with @entity75 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain metastasis', 'brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity2663 :: ('MESH:D013713', 'Chemical') :: ['teniposide']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tumor']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity16418 :: ('MESH:D012673', 'Chemical') :: ['semustine']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity151 :: (MESH:D055752,Disease) :: ['small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The main treatment strategy of @entity5 @entity1 with brain meta- stasis is irradiation, while so far there is few research concerning chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for these @entity1 . The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect and @entity137 of chemotherapy with VPC regimen combined with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in @entity151 ( @entity151 ) with @entity75 . METHODS: A total of 60 @entity151 @entity1 with @entity75 received a cycle of VPC regimen ( @entity2663 60mg/m   iv on days 1-5, @entity900 35mg/m   iv on days 1-3, @entity16418 80mg/m   PO on day 1) every 3-4 weeks. WBRT was administered on day 6 of the first cycle of chemotherapy at a dose of 2Gy given in 5 fractions per week. @entity1 with less than 3 @entity75 received WBRT at a dose of 30Gy and then small field radiotherapy up to total dose of 50Gy, otherwise they received WBRT at a total dose of 40Gy. Response was evaluated by brain and chest CT or MRI after WBRT and at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy were completed. RESULTS: All the @entity1 completed WBRT combined with chemotherapy. Total response rate of primary @entity2 was 46.7%, with 4 cases of CR. The objective brain response rate was 60.0%, with 11 cases of CR and 25 cases of PR. Symptom relief was observed in all 48 @entity1 with @entity16 . Main adverse effects were myelotoxicity, @entity390 / @entity391 , @entity1142 and @entity1665 . The follow-up rate was 93.3% with a median survival duration of 11.3 months. The 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rate was 43.3%, 35.0% and 6.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy combined with WBRT can be safely performed for @entity151 with @entity75 and its short-term response is quite satisfactory. It may be worthy of further clinical investigation.

title: [VPC regimen combined with whole-brain radiotherapy in the treatment of @entity151 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain metastasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the growing tendency toward tooth-colored restorations in dentistry, polymerization shrinkage and subsequent marginal microleakage remains a problem. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare microleakage between @entity16971 -based and @entity11379 -based composite resins at different time intervals and with different restorative techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro study, 108 sound extracted @entity1 molar teeth were used. Mesial and distal proximal class II boxes with dimensions of 1.5 mm depth and 4 mm width were prepared. The gingival margins of all cavities were 1 mm below the cement enamel junction. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups based on test materials. In the first group, the teeth were restored by a nanocomposite (Filtek Z350XT, 3MESPE) and SE Bond adhesive (Kuraray, Japan), in the second group, the teeth were restored with a @entity16971 -based (Filtek @entity12328 , 3MESPE) and Filtek @entity12328 Adhesive (3M ESPE, USA) and in the third group, the teeth were restored with a microhybrid posterior composite resin (Filtek @entity27761 , 3MESPE) and SE Bond adhesive (Kuraray, Japan). Half of the proximal cavities in each of these three groups were restored in two horizontal layers and the other half in four horizontal layers. After a period of aging (24-h, 3-month and 6-month) in water and then application of 500 thermal cycles, the teeth were immersed for 24-h in 0.5% @entity7661 and evaluated under a stereomicroscope at *36 magnification to evaluate leakage in @entity2522 . Data was statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests. P  <= 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: In Z350XT statistically significant differences were observed in microleakage in comparison of 24-h and 6-month intervals (P = 0.01) that was higher in 6-month. Comparison of microleakage in @entity12328 and @entity27761 composite resins was also statistically significant and was less in @entity12328 . Microleakage was not significantly different between @entity12328 and Z350XT at 24-h. However, this difference was significant at 3-month and 6-month intervals. Differences in microleakage of @entity27761 and Z-350XT composite resins were not statistically significant in all intervals (P = 0.38). @entity12328 showed the lowest microleakage during storage in water. Z350XT had microleakage similar to @entity12328 within 24-h, but after 6-month of storage in water, it showed the highest microleakage among all the groups. The number of layers (2 layers vs. 4 layers) did not result in any differences in microleakage scores of the composite resins (P = 0.42). CONCLUSION: Water storage times did not result in any significant effect on microleakage of @entity12328 and @entity27761 .

title: Comparison of microleakage in Class II cavities restored with @entity16971 -based and XXXX -based composite resins using different restorative techniques over time.

entities_list: @entity11379 :: ('CHEBI:25218', 'Chemical') :: ['methacrylate']

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingival margin']

answer: @entity11379 :: (CHEBI:25218,Chemical) :: ['methacrylate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the growing tendency toward tooth-colored restorations in dentistry, polymerization shrinkage and subsequent marginal microleakage remains a problem. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare microleakage between @entity16971 -based and @entity11379 -based composite resins at different time intervals and with different restorative techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro study, 108 sound extracted @entity1 molar teeth were used. Mesial and distal proximal class II boxes with dimensions of 1.5 mm depth and 4 mm width were prepared. The gingival margins of all cavities were 1 mm below the cement enamel junction. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups based on test materials. In the first group, the teeth were restored by a nanocomposite (Filtek Z350XT, 3MESPE) and SE Bond adhesive (Kuraray, Japan), in the second group, the teeth were restored with a @entity16971 -based (Filtek @entity12328 , 3MESPE) and Filtek @entity12328 Adhesive (3M ESPE, USA) and in the third group, the teeth were restored with a microhybrid posterior composite resin (Filtek @entity27761 , 3MESPE) and SE Bond adhesive (Kuraray, Japan). Half of the proximal cavities in each of these three groups were restored in two horizontal layers and the other half in four horizontal layers. After a period of aging (24-h, 3-month and 6-month) in water and then application of 500 thermal cycles, the teeth were immersed for 24-h in 0.5% @entity7661 and evaluated under a stereomicroscope at *36 magnification to evaluate leakage in @entity2522 . Data was statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests. P  <= 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: In Z350XT statistically significant differences were observed in microleakage in comparison of 24-h and 6-month intervals (P = 0.01) that was higher in 6-month. Comparison of microleakage in @entity12328 and @entity27761 composite resins was also statistically significant and was less in @entity12328 . Microleakage was not significantly different between @entity12328 and Z350XT at 24-h. However, this difference was significant at 3-month and 6-month intervals. Differences in microleakage of @entity27761 and Z-350XT composite resins were not statistically significant in all intervals (P = 0.38). @entity12328 showed the lowest microleakage during storage in water. Z350XT had microleakage similar to @entity12328 within 24-h, but after 6-month of storage in water, it showed the highest microleakage among all the groups. The number of layers (2 layers vs. 4 layers) did not result in any differences in microleakage scores of the composite resins (P = 0.42). CONCLUSION: Water storage times did not result in any significant effect on microleakage of @entity12328 and @entity27761 .

title: Comparison of microleakage in Class II cavities restored with XXXX -based and @entity11379 -based composite resins using different restorative techniques over time.

answer: @entity16971 :: (MESH:D062047,Chemical) :: ['silorane']


abstract: AIM: To study the varies and effects of ischemic preconditioning of myocardium on every part of adrenergic receptor-adenyl cyclase system in @entity35 in vivo. METHODS: SD @entity35 were randomly divided into three groups: CON group (n = 6), IP group (n = 12) and I/R group (n = 12). Surgical procedure included intermittent @entity1563 and reperfusion. After the procedure, the hearts were extracted. We analyzed the @entity1188 size by TTC staining, measured serum myocardial enzymes, studied the beta-AR Bmax and @entity573 by radioligand binding assay of receptors (RAB), and checked the activity of AC and the content of @entity268 by radioimmunoassay (RIA). RESULTS: @entity1188 area were much smaller in IP group than in I/R group (P < 0.05). CK, CK-MB, LDH were significantly higher in I/R group (P < 0.01). The Bmax of beta-AR in IP group were much higher than in I/R group (P < 0.01). No difference of @entity573 could be seen between IP and I/R group. In IP group, the activity of AC and the content of @entity268 were higher than I/R group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ischemic preconditioning can protect the heart from @entity39 and reduce endo-enzyme leakage. Ischemic preconditioning can increase the density of beta-AR, the activity of AC and the content of @entity268 , which shows that the system of adrenergic receptor-adenyl cyclase system probably takes part in the protection of IP.

title: [The change of adrenergic receptor-adenyl cyclase system on myocardial ischemic preconditioning in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['left coronary artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Infarct', 'infarct']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A 10- year-old @entity1 presented with a slow growing @entity89 . The initial general examination did not reveal any significant findings. METHODS: Conservative enucleation of the cyst confirmed it to be an odontogenic keratocyst. The @entity1 remained asymptomatic for the following 2 years and subsequently presented @entity5409 in jaws with displaced teeth. These cysts were enucleated and were confirmed to be odontogenic keratocysts . The @entity1 has been on regular follow up since then and subsequent scans have shown further occurrence of cysts in the jaws with displacement of the third molars. RESULTS: Clinical examination also revealed @entity4651 , fronto-parietal bossing, pitting on palmar and plantar surfaces, @entity730 and splayed ribs, confirming the diagnosis of @entity1491 . He also presented with a cafi au lait patch and skin pits on the neck. The family history was negative for features of @entity1491 . CONCLUSION: @entity1491 is a condition that can cause significant morbidity if not detected early. Over the years this syndrome has presented with many other non specific phenotype presentation, of which the current finding may be one of This calls for meticulous assessment and examination of @entity1 and a standardized protocol in screening and managing these @entity1 that may facilitate a more beneficial outcome for the @entity1 .

title: XXXX presenting with neck pits and caf   au lait patches.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesions']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification of falx cerebri']

entities_list: @entity89 :: ('MESH:D007571', 'Disease') :: ['jaw swelling']

entities_list: @entity4651 :: ('MESH:D058627', 'Disease') :: ['macrocephaly']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome', 'Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome']

answer: @entity1491 :: (MESH:D002280,Disease) :: ['Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome']