abstract: BACKGROUND: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) are often used in the treatment of painful @entity305 . @entity906 is a @entity750 and weak @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor antidepressant with a different profile of other pharmacologic actions from those of @entity2974 . OBJECTIVE: To test if @entity906 would relieve painful @entity305 and compare its possible efficacy with that of the TCA @entity2645 . METHODS: The study design was randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled, with a three-way crossover. Forty @entity1 were assigned to one of the treatment sequences, and 29 completed all three study periods. The daily doses were @entity906 225 mg and @entity2645 150 mg. During the three treatment periods, each of 4 weeks' duration, @entity1 rated @entity158 paroxysms, constant @entity158 , and touch- and pressure-evoked @entity158 by use of 0- to 10-point numeric rating scales. RESULTS: The sum of the individual @entity158 scores during treatment week 4 was lower on @entity906 (80% of baseline score; p = 0.006) and @entity2645 (77%; p = 0.001) than on placebo (100%) and did not show any statistical difference between @entity906 and @entity2645 (p = 0.44). The individual @entity158 scores for @entity158 paroxysms, constant @entity158 , and pressure-evoked @entity158 showed a similar pattern, whereas touch-evoked @entity158 was uncommon and was not altered by any of the drugs. Numbers needed to treat to obtain one @entity1 with moderate or @entity158 relief were 5.2 for @entity906 and 2.7 for @entity2645 . CONCLUSION: @entity906 relieves @entity158 in @entity305 and may be as effective as @entity2645 .

title: @entity906 versus @entity2645 in painful XXXX : a randomized, controlled trial.

answer: @entity305 :: (MESH:D011115,Disease) :: ['polyneuropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) are often used in the treatment of painful @entity305 . @entity906 is a @entity750 and weak @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor antidepressant with a different profile of other pharmacologic actions from those of @entity2974 . OBJECTIVE: To test if @entity906 would relieve painful @entity305 and compare its possible efficacy with that of the TCA @entity2645 . METHODS: The study design was randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled, with a three-way crossover. Forty @entity1 were assigned to one of the treatment sequences, and 29 completed all three study periods. The daily doses were @entity906 225 mg and @entity2645 150 mg. During the three treatment periods, each of 4 weeks' duration, @entity1 rated @entity158 paroxysms, constant @entity158 , and touch- and pressure-evoked @entity158 by use of 0- to 10-point numeric rating scales. RESULTS: The sum of the individual @entity158 scores during treatment week 4 was lower on @entity906 (80% of baseline score; p = 0.006) and @entity2645 (77%; p = 0.001) than on placebo (100%) and did not show any statistical difference between @entity906 and @entity2645 (p = 0.44). The individual @entity158 scores for @entity158 paroxysms, constant @entity158 , and pressure-evoked @entity158 showed a similar pattern, whereas touch-evoked @entity158 was uncommon and was not altered by any of the drugs. Numbers needed to treat to obtain one @entity1 with moderate or @entity158 relief were 5.2 for @entity906 and 2.7 for @entity2645 . CONCLUSION: @entity906 relieves @entity158 in @entity305 and may be as effective as @entity2645 .

title: @entity906 versus XXXX in painful @entity305 : a randomized, controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['better pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity906 :: ('MESH:C047426', 'Chemical') :: ['Venlafaxine', 'venlafaxine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity2645 :: (MESH:D007099,Chemical) :: ['imipramine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective. @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ) may both present with @entity101 and @entity644 in pregnancy. Our objective is to test the possibility of distinguishing @entity740 from @entity1468 by means of uteroplacental flows and maternal circulating sFlt-1/ @entity7309 ratio. Design. Prospective analysis. Population. Seventy-six @entity1 (35 @entity740 , 24 @entity1468 , and 17 other @entity101 ), with at least one sFlt-1/ @entity7309 and Doppler evaluation after the 20th gestational week. Methods. Maternal sFlt-1- @entity7309 were determined by immunoassays. Abnormal uterine artery Doppler was defined as resistance index >=  0.58. Umbilical Doppler was defined with gestational-age-adjusted Pulsatility Index. Clinical diagnosis was considered as reference. Performance of Doppler study was assessed by sensitivity analysis; sFlt-1/ @entity7309 cut-off values were determined by ROC curves. Results. The lowest sFlt-1/ @entity7309 ratio (8.29) was detected in @entity740 , the highest in @entity1468 (317.32) (P < 0.001). Uteroplacental flows were mostly preserved in @entity740 @entity1 in contrast to @entity1468 (P < 0.001). ROC analysis suggested two cut-points: sFlt-1/ @entity7309 >=  32.81 (sensitivity 82.93%; specificity 91.43%) and sFlt-1/ @entity7309 >=  78.75 (sensitivity 62.89%, specificity 97.14%). Specificity reached 100% at sFlt-1/ @entity7309 >=  142.21 (sensitivity: 48.8%). Early- @entity3152 was associated with higher sFlt-1/ @entity7309 ratio and abnormal uteroplacental flows relative to late-preterm and term deliveries. Conclusions. sFlt-1/ @entity7309 ratio and uteroplacental flows significantly correlated with @entity1468 or @entity740 and @entity3152 .

title: Is It Possible to Differentiate @entity740 and XXXX by means of New and Old Biomarkers? A Prospective Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive disorders']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic kidney disease', 'CKD']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia', 'PE']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['Preeclampsia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective. @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ) may both present with @entity101 and @entity644 in pregnancy. Our objective is to test the possibility of distinguishing @entity740 from @entity1468 by means of uteroplacental flows and maternal circulating sFlt-1/ @entity7309 ratio. Design. Prospective analysis. Population. Seventy-six @entity1 (35 @entity740 , 24 @entity1468 , and 17 other @entity101 ), with at least one sFlt-1/ @entity7309 and Doppler evaluation after the 20th gestational week. Methods. Maternal sFlt-1- @entity7309 were determined by immunoassays. Abnormal uterine artery Doppler was defined as resistance index >=  0.58. Umbilical Doppler was defined with gestational-age-adjusted Pulsatility Index. Clinical diagnosis was considered as reference. Performance of Doppler study was assessed by sensitivity analysis; sFlt-1/ @entity7309 cut-off values were determined by ROC curves. Results. The lowest sFlt-1/ @entity7309 ratio (8.29) was detected in @entity740 , the highest in @entity1468 (317.32) (P < 0.001). Uteroplacental flows were mostly preserved in @entity740 @entity1 in contrast to @entity1468 (P < 0.001). ROC analysis suggested two cut-points: sFlt-1/ @entity7309 >=  32.81 (sensitivity 82.93%; specificity 91.43%) and sFlt-1/ @entity7309 >=  78.75 (sensitivity 62.89%, specificity 97.14%). Specificity reached 100% at sFlt-1/ @entity7309 >=  142.21 (sensitivity: 48.8%). Early- @entity3152 was associated with higher sFlt-1/ @entity7309 ratio and abnormal uteroplacental flows relative to late-preterm and term deliveries. Conclusions. sFlt-1/ @entity7309 ratio and uteroplacental flows significantly correlated with @entity1468 or @entity740 and @entity3152 .

title: Is It Possible to Differentiate XXXX and @entity1468 by means of New and Old Biomarkers? A Prospective Study.

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['Chronic Kidney Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression on response to @entity900 and/or @entity136 chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity43 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity43 , who used @entity900 and/or @entity136 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity5 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity1 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity43 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity1 with lung and @entity43 having low @entity11833 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity11833 expression and response to therapy in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity1 with lung and @entity788 with low @entity4736 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity1 with @entity2 in which @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity1 with @entity43 showing low @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity1 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity11833 and the survival in @entity43 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity4736 expression and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity11833 in lung and @entity43 , and also @entity4736 in lung and @entity788 .

title: @entity11833 and @entity4736 as a predictive parameter for @entity43 treated with XXXX and/or @entity136 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['lung, ovarian or pancreatic cancer', 'ovarian cancers', 'ovarian cancer', 'lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancers', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression on response to @entity900 and/or @entity136 chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity43 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity43 , who used @entity900 and/or @entity136 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity5 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity1 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity43 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity1 with lung and @entity43 having low @entity11833 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity11833 expression and response to therapy in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity1 with lung and @entity788 with low @entity4736 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity1 with @entity2 in which @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity1 with @entity43 showing low @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity1 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity11833 and the survival in @entity43 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity4736 expression and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity11833 in lung and @entity43 , and also @entity4736 in lung and @entity788 .

title: XXXX and @entity4736 as a predictive parameter for @entity43 treated with @entity900 and/or @entity136 .

answer: @entity11833 :: (2067,Gene) :: ['ERCC1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression on response to @entity900 and/or @entity136 chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity43 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity43 , who used @entity900 and/or @entity136 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity5 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity1 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity43 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity1 with lung and @entity43 having low @entity11833 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity11833 expression and response to therapy in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity1 with lung and @entity788 with low @entity4736 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity1 with @entity2 in which @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity1 with @entity43 showing low @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity1 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity11833 and the survival in @entity43 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity4736 expression and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity11833 in lung and @entity43 , and also @entity4736 in lung and @entity788 .

title: @entity11833 and XXXX as a predictive parameter for @entity43 treated with @entity900 and/or @entity136 .

answer: @entity4736 :: (6240,Gene) :: ['RRM1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression on response to @entity900 and/or @entity136 chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity43 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity43 , who used @entity900 and/or @entity136 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity5 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity1 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity43 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity1 with lung and @entity43 having low @entity11833 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity11833 expression and response to therapy in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity1 with lung and @entity788 with low @entity4736 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity1 with @entity2 in which @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity1 with @entity43 showing low @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity1 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity11833 and the survival in @entity43 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity4736 expression and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity11833 in lung and @entity43 , and also @entity4736 in lung and @entity788 .

title: @entity11833 and @entity4736 as a predictive parameter for @entity43 treated with @entity900 and/or XXXX .

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression on response to @entity900 and/or @entity136 chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity43 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity43 , who used @entity900 and/or @entity136 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity4736 and @entity11833 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity5 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity1 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity43 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity1 with lung and @entity43 having low @entity11833 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity11833 expression and response to therapy in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity1 with lung and @entity788 with low @entity4736 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity1 with @entity2 in which @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity1 with @entity43 showing low @entity11833 and @entity4736 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity1 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity11833 and the survival in @entity43 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity4736 expression and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity11833 in lung and @entity43 , and also @entity4736 in lung and @entity788 .

title: @entity11833 and @entity4736 as a predictive parameter for XXXX treated with @entity900 and/or @entity136 .

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung, ovarian or pancreas cancer']


abstract: Objective. The objective is to observe whether the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Nao-Xue-Shu oral liquid improves @entity2026 of mixed @entity64 . Methods. A total of 102 @entity1 with @entity2026 of mixed @entity64 were divided into two groups by a single blind random method. The @entity1 treated by standard Western medicine plus Nao-Xue-Shu oral liquid (n = 58) were assigned to the treatment group while the remaining @entity1 treated only by standard Western medicine (n = 58) constituted the control group. Changes in the @entity2026 ( @entity2026 ), Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS), and hemorheology parameters were assessed to evaluate the effects of the treatments. Results. Excluding the @entity1 who dropped out, 54 @entity1 in the treatment group and 51 @entity1 in the control group were used to evaluate the effects. Significant and persistent improvements in the @entity2026 score, specifically comprehension, repetition, naming, and calculating, were found in the treatment group when the effects were evaluated at the end of week 2 and week 4, respectively, compared with baseline. The naming and writing scores were also improved at the end of week 4 in this group. The comprehension and reading scores were improved at the end of week 4 in the control group compared with the baseline, but the improvements were smaller than those in the treatment group. The percentages of @entity1 at the 0-1 range of mRS were increased at the end of week 2 and week 4 in both groups, but the improvements in the treatment group were much larger than those in the control group. Greater improvements in the NIHSS scores and the hemorheology parameters in the treatment group were also observed compared with the control group at the end of week 2 and week 4. Conclusion. Nao-Xue-Shu oral liquid formulation improved @entity2026 in mixed @entity64 @entity1 and thus might be a potentially effective drug for treating @entity64 .

title: Nao-Xue-Shu Oral Liquid Improves Aphasia of Mixed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2026 :: ('MESH:D001037', 'Disease') :: ['WAB', 'aphasia', 'Western Aphasia Battery']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke aphasia', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The clinical effect of oral serum-derived @entity291 immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) on symptom and disease management in @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) is reported in this retrospective case series. METHODS: A single-center, retrospective chart review of @entity29 @entity1 [N = 45; @entity30 ( @entity30 ), n = 38 and @entity31 ( @entity31 ), n = 7] with limited to no response to traditional pharmaceutical therapies in controlling symptoms was performed after providing SBI (5 g/day) for nutritional support. @entity1 were contacted at least monthly to assess response to SBI for symptom management measured by a Likert scale (0 = none; 1 = minimal; 2 = moderate; 3 = significant; 4 = complete). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on response to therapy based on @entity1 characteristics (age, gender, race) and @entity29 diagnosis. A multivariate ordered logistical regression model was performed to determine the odds ratio in overall disease management between week 1 and week 12. Finally, the overall group response and percent improvement to SBI was determined over 12 weeks. RESULTS: The odds ratio from the regression model demonstrated that @entity29 @entity1 were 2.8 times more likely to report clinical improvement in symptom scores with the addition of SBI to their therapeutic regimens [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.266-6.016, p = 0.011]. Disease management was not significantly associated with age, gender, race or disease state. The percentage of @entity1 reporting a response to SBI therapy at week 1 was 49% which increased to 76% after 12 weeks with the fraction of responders gaining significant symptom improvement doubling during the same time period (9% versus 20%). Overall, this group of @entity29 @entity1 showed increased, steady response to SBI therapy between week 1 and 12 with no reported side effects. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SBI improves clinical management of @entity29 @entity1 who are not fully managed on traditional therapies. SBI should be considered for the nutritional support of @entity29 regardless of disease activity, location, phenotype, duration, or complexity.

title: @entity29 with oral serum-derived XXXX immunoglobulin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The clinical effect of oral serum-derived @entity291 immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) on symptom and disease management in @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) is reported in this retrospective case series. METHODS: A single-center, retrospective chart review of @entity29 @entity1 [N = 45; @entity30 ( @entity30 ), n = 38 and @entity31 ( @entity31 ), n = 7] with limited to no response to traditional pharmaceutical therapies in controlling symptoms was performed after providing SBI (5 g/day) for nutritional support. @entity1 were contacted at least monthly to assess response to SBI for symptom management measured by a Likert scale (0 = none; 1 = minimal; 2 = moderate; 3 = significant; 4 = complete). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on response to therapy based on @entity1 characteristics (age, gender, race) and @entity29 diagnosis. A multivariate ordered logistical regression model was performed to determine the odds ratio in overall disease management between week 1 and week 12. Finally, the overall group response and percent improvement to SBI was determined over 12 weeks. RESULTS: The odds ratio from the regression model demonstrated that @entity29 @entity1 were 2.8 times more likely to report clinical improvement in symptom scores with the addition of SBI to their therapeutic regimens [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.266-6.016, p = 0.011]. Disease management was not significantly associated with age, gender, race or disease state. The percentage of @entity1 reporting a response to SBI therapy at week 1 was 49% which increased to 76% after 12 weeks with the fraction of responders gaining significant symptom improvement doubling during the same time period (9% versus 20%). Overall, this group of @entity29 @entity1 showed increased, steady response to SBI therapy between week 1 and 12 with no reported side effects. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SBI improves clinical management of @entity29 @entity1 who are not fully managed on traditional therapies. SBI should be considered for the nutritional support of @entity29 regardless of disease activity, location, phenotype, duration, or complexity.

title: XXXX with oral serum-derived @entity291 immunoglobulin.

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['Management of inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the @entity460 sensing receptor ( @entity1631 ), a widely expressed G protein-coupled receptor, can stimulate cell differentiation and proliferation. However, in @entity5 , loss of @entity1631 expression has been associated with tumorigenesis, @entity3 , and progression. Recent studies have indicated that the @entity1631 could promote the expression of @entity5962 , which was considered a @entity5 suppressor. However, in @entity1 @entity2220 , the importance of the @entity1631 and @entity5962 has not been sufficiently investigated. METHODS: Expression levels of @entity1631 and @entity5962 in paraffin sections from 117 resected @entity2220 @entity1 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the correlation between our target proteins and clinical variables. Clinical significance was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier curve, and log-rank test. RESULTS: Expression of the @entity1631 in @entity2220 tissue was significantly lower than in the normal sample (P = 0.003). Kendall tau-b analysis showed that, in a @entity2220 sample, the expression of @entity1631 positively correlated with a high level of @entity5962 (P < 0.001). @entity2220 @entity1 with a strong expression of @entity1631 (P = 0.034) or @entity5962 (P = 0.001) had longer overall survival. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that the combined marker was an independent prognostic indicator of overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.440, confidence interval = 0.249-0.779, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: We identified the @entity1631 as a new prognostic biomarker in @entity2220 . These results also suggested that the @entity1631 may become a new therapeutic @entity2220 .

title: Expression of XXXX sensing receptor and @entity5962 correlated with @entity2220 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['target of lung adenocarcinoma', 'lung adenocarcinoma', 'Lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the @entity460 sensing receptor ( @entity1631 ), a widely expressed G protein-coupled receptor, can stimulate cell differentiation and proliferation. However, in @entity5 , loss of @entity1631 expression has been associated with tumorigenesis, @entity3 , and progression. Recent studies have indicated that the @entity1631 could promote the expression of @entity5962 , which was considered a @entity5 suppressor. However, in @entity1 @entity2220 , the importance of the @entity1631 and @entity5962 has not been sufficiently investigated. METHODS: Expression levels of @entity1631 and @entity5962 in paraffin sections from 117 resected @entity2220 @entity1 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the correlation between our target proteins and clinical variables. Clinical significance was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier curve, and log-rank test. RESULTS: Expression of the @entity1631 in @entity2220 tissue was significantly lower than in the normal sample (P = 0.003). Kendall tau-b analysis showed that, in a @entity2220 sample, the expression of @entity1631 positively correlated with a high level of @entity5962 (P < 0.001). @entity2220 @entity1 with a strong expression of @entity1631 (P = 0.034) or @entity5962 (P = 0.001) had longer overall survival. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that the combined marker was an independent prognostic indicator of overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.440, confidence interval = 0.249-0.779, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: We identified the @entity1631 as a new prognostic biomarker in @entity2220 . These results also suggested that the @entity1631 may become a new therapeutic @entity2220 .

title: Expression of @entity460 sensing receptor and @entity5962 correlated with XXXX .

answer: @entity2220 :: (MESH:C538231,Disease) :: ['survival of lung adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the @entity460 sensing receptor ( @entity1631 ), a widely expressed G protein-coupled receptor, can stimulate cell differentiation and proliferation. However, in @entity5 , loss of @entity1631 expression has been associated with tumorigenesis, @entity3 , and progression. Recent studies have indicated that the @entity1631 could promote the expression of @entity5962 , which was considered a @entity5 suppressor. However, in @entity1 @entity2220 , the importance of the @entity1631 and @entity5962 has not been sufficiently investigated. METHODS: Expression levels of @entity1631 and @entity5962 in paraffin sections from 117 resected @entity2220 @entity1 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the correlation between our target proteins and clinical variables. Clinical significance was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier curve, and log-rank test. RESULTS: Expression of the @entity1631 in @entity2220 tissue was significantly lower than in the normal sample (P = 0.003). Kendall tau-b analysis showed that, in a @entity2220 sample, the expression of @entity1631 positively correlated with a high level of @entity5962 (P < 0.001). @entity2220 @entity1 with a strong expression of @entity1631 (P = 0.034) or @entity5962 (P = 0.001) had longer overall survival. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that the combined marker was an independent prognostic indicator of overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.440, confidence interval = 0.249-0.779, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: We identified the @entity1631 as a new prognostic biomarker in @entity2220 . These results also suggested that the @entity1631 may become a new therapeutic @entity2220 .

title: Expression of @entity460 sensing receptor and XXXX correlated with @entity2220 .

answer: @entity5962 :: (999,Gene) :: ['E-cadherin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Prolapse of the rectum is the herniation of the rectum through the anus, which may be categorised as mucosal or complete. AIM: To evaluate the clinical manifestation, treatment, and surgical complications of @entity1 with @entity3577 over a 6-year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was carried out on @entity1 aged < 14 years who were admitted or referred for @entity3577 that failed to respond after medical treatment in Imam Khomeini and Abouzar @entity1 's Hospital. Duration of the study was 6 years starting in March 2002. These cases were referred after failure of medical and conservative treatment. Age, sex, clinical manifestation, and type of procedure were recorded. Analysis was done using SPSS version 11.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). The   (2) test was used for comparison. RESULTS: Seventy-one cases were included in this study. Of these cases, 50 (70.4%) were male and 21 (29.6%) were female (p < 0.0001). Mean age of cases was 4.97   3.42 years (range: 2 days to 13 years). Of the male cases, 38% were in the age range of 3-6 years. In female cases, 57.1% were in the range of 1.5-3 years. Of all 71 cases, injection sclerotherapy was done for 50 (70.43%) for the first time. Twenty-one cases had history of injection sclerotherapy and 16 (22.53%) were treated by perineal surgery, and 5 (7.04%) had abdominal surgery. One case experienced recurrent @entity3577 (1.40%) following injection sclerotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 , more than half of the cases were in the age range 1.5-3 years. Among male cases, 38% were in the age range of 1.5-3 years. The results of treatment of @entity3577 in our hospitals was similar to that seen in developed countries.

title: Rectal prolapse in XXXX : a study of 71 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girls', 'children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity3577 :: ('MESH:D056887', 'Disease') :: ['rectal prolapse']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The intercellular homotypic adhesive properties of 14 clones derived from a nontumorigenic @entity35 liver epithelial cell line (LEC), derived from neonatal Fischer @entity35 , were examined and compared to those of the @entity157 H4-II-E cell line. Each clone was assayed also for the degree of chromosomal @entity2007 and the ability to grow in soft agar. Over 100-fold differences in adhesive properties were observed among the clones, but no correlation was observed between the degree of @entity2007 in the clones and intercellular adhesive properties. The parent LEC cell line and the clones derived from it were unable to grow in soft agar. The H4-II-E cells showed negligible capacity to reaggregate after dissociation into single cells and these cells readily formed colonies in soft agar. Many of the LEC clones were similar to the H4-II-E cells in their adhesive properties, which suggests that reduced cell-to-cell adhesiveness per se is not a necessary prerequisite of epithelial cells to be able to grow independent of anchorage. Two-dimensional @entity2975 gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) of concanavalin A (Con A)-binding glycoproteins in the "most adhesive" clone 67 and the "least adhesive" clone 201 showed markedly elevated amounts of acidic 105 and 67-kDa glycoproteins in clone 67. Proteins with similar migration patterns in 2D-PAGE have previously been reported to participate in specific homotypic intercellular adhesion of liver cells. The Con A-binding glycoprotein pattern in H4-II-E cells was markedly different from that of LEC cells with a set of six proteins missing and nine proteins appearing new in the H4-II-E cells. It is suggested that, in addition to identifying known epithelial cell polypeptides, systematic screening of cell surface-associated glycoproteins in normal and transformed epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo may lead to identification of novel polypeptides intimately associated with the transformed phenotype.

title: Heterogeneity of intercellular adhesion in XXXX liver cells in culture.

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the growing numbers of @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity4784 in Canada, sex-specific issues in treatment have not been re-examined in the current population of @entity1 with @entity4784 . We aimed to evaluate sex differences in substance use, health, and social functioning among @entity1 and @entity1 currently receiving @entity284 treatment for @entity4784 in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: We recruited 503 @entity1 with @entity4784 receiving @entity284 maintenance treatment. We collected data on demographics, treatment characteristics, @entity146 history, addiction severity, and drug use patterns through urinalysis. We performed adjusted univariate analyses and logistic regression to identify distinct factors affecting @entity1 and @entity1 . RESULTS: Among our sample of 54  % (n   =   266) @entity1 and 46  % @entity1 (n   =   226) with mean age 38.3  years, less than half of @entity1 were employed (35.6  %) and married (31.8  %) and had completed a high school education (27.9  %). Compared to @entity1 , @entity1 had frequent physical and psychological health problems, family history of @entity146 , and childcare responsibilities and began using opioids through a physician prescription. @entity1 had higher rates of employment, cigarette smoking, and @entity61130 use compared to @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results have revealed different patterns of substance use, health, and social functioning among @entity1 and @entity1 currently receiving @entity284 treatment for @entity4784 in Ontario, Canada. This information can be used to develop an integrative treatment regimen that caters to the individual needs of @entity1 and @entity1 , as well as to inform @entity284 treatment protocols to include specialized services (including vocational counseling, childcare and parenting assistance, medical assistance, relationship or domestic violence counseling, etc.) and increase their availability and accessibility on a larger scale.

title: Sex differences in substance use, health, and social functioning among opioid users receiving XXXX treatment: a multicenter cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric illness']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opioid addiction', 'opioid use disorder', 'opioid dependence disorder']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

answer: @entity284 :: (MESH:D008691,Chemical) :: ['methadone']


abstract: Junctional @entity591 (JET) is a life-threatening @entity943 frequently seen after surgical correction of @entity4297 . This study evaluates the use of a modified, commercially available temporary dual chamber pacemaker used to reestablish AV synchrony by R wave synchronized atrial pacing, a technique not routinely applied because of a lack of appropriate equipment. Ten consecutive @entity1 with postoperative JET (median maximum heart rate 185, range 130-240 beats/min) age 0.3-45 (median 5.2) months were studied. R wave synchronized atrial pacing was performed using the VAT mode with inverse connection of the pacing wires (effectively AVT mode), short postventricular atrial refractory period (100 ms), and long AV (effectively VA) delay. AV delay was adjusted to achieve maximum increase in arterial pressure by optimal AV resynchronization. Pacing was successfully applied in all @entity1 for a median period of 29 (range 10-96) hours until @entity591 cessation and led to an immediate increase in systolic, mean, and pulse pressure by 8.9 +/- 3.2 (P < 0.001), 8.1 +/- 4.0 (P < 0.001), and 11.9 +/- 7.8% (P < 0.005), respectively. Two @entity1 developed pacemaker-mediated @entity591 , which could be easily stopped by AV (effectively VA) delay prolongation. @entity956 was induced in one @entity1 by asynchronous atrial pacing during the VAT (effectively AVT) mode and managed by overdrive pacing. In conclusion, R wave synchronized atrial pacing could be easily performed using a modified, commercially available temporary dual chamber pacemaker. Significant hemodynamic benefit was achieved due to optimal AV resynchronization at intrinsic heart rate and spontaneous ventricular activation sequence. R wave synchronized atrial pacing should be included in the standard management protocol of postoperative JET.

title: Use of a modified, commercially available temporary pacemaker for R wave synchronized atrial pacing in postoperative junctional XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'ectopic tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart defects']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['ectopic tachycardia']


abstract: AIM: To look at the relationship between @entity1712 ( @entity1712 ) and food @entity3355 in adults. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed medical records of 100 consecutive @entity1 who presented to our hospital with oesophageal food @entity3885 (FBO) between 2012 and 2014. In this cohort, 96 were adults (64% male), and 4 paediatric @entity1 were excluded from the analysis as our centre did not have paediatric gastroenterologists. Eighty-five adult @entity1 underwent emergency gastroscopy. The food bolus was either advanced into the stomach using the push technique or retrieved using a standard retrieval net. Biopsies were obtained in 51 @entity1 from the proximal and distal parts of the oesophagus at initial gastroscopy. All biopsy specimens were assessed and reviewed by dedicated gastrointestinal pathologists at the Department of Pathology, University Hospital Geelong. The diagnosis of @entity1712 was defined and established by the presence of the following histological features: (1) peak eosinophil counts > 20/hpf; (2) eosinophil microabscess; (3) superficial layering of eosinophils; (4) extracellular eosinophil granules; (5) @entity1491 ; (6) dilated intercellular spaces; and (7) subepithelial or lamina propria @entity82 . The histology results of the biopsy specimens were accessed from the pathology database of the hospital and recorded for analysis. RESULTS: Our cohort had a median age of 60. Seventeen/51 (33%) @entity1 had evidence of @entity1712 on biopsy findings. The majority of @entity1 with @entity1712 were male (71%). Classical endoscopic features of oesophageal rings, furrows or white plaques and exudates were found in 59% of @entity1 with @entity1712 . Previous episodes of FBO were present in 12/17 @entity1 and 41% had a history of @entity484 , hay @entity221 or @entity565 . @entity354 and benign strictures were found in 20/34 @entity1 who did not have biopsies. CONCLUSION: @entity1712 is present in approximately one third of @entity1 who are admitted with FBO. Biopsies should be performed routinely at index endoscopy in order to pursue this treatable cause of long term morbidity.

title: Prevalence of @entity1712 in adults presenting with oesophageal food XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['EO', 'eosinophilic oesophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity3355 :: ('MESH:D014095', 'Disease') :: ['bolus impaction']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['bolus obstruction']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['Reflux oesophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell hyperplasia']

answer: @entity3885 :: (MESH:D008173,Disease) :: ['bolus obstruction']


abstract: AIM: To look at the relationship between @entity1712 ( @entity1712 ) and food @entity3355 in adults. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed medical records of 100 consecutive @entity1 who presented to our hospital with oesophageal food @entity3885 (FBO) between 2012 and 2014. In this cohort, 96 were adults (64% male), and 4 paediatric @entity1 were excluded from the analysis as our centre did not have paediatric gastroenterologists. Eighty-five adult @entity1 underwent emergency gastroscopy. The food bolus was either advanced into the stomach using the push technique or retrieved using a standard retrieval net. Biopsies were obtained in 51 @entity1 from the proximal and distal parts of the oesophagus at initial gastroscopy. All biopsy specimens were assessed and reviewed by dedicated gastrointestinal pathologists at the Department of Pathology, University Hospital Geelong. The diagnosis of @entity1712 was defined and established by the presence of the following histological features: (1) peak eosinophil counts > 20/hpf; (2) eosinophil microabscess; (3) superficial layering of eosinophils; (4) extracellular eosinophil granules; (5) @entity1491 ; (6) dilated intercellular spaces; and (7) subepithelial or lamina propria @entity82 . The histology results of the biopsy specimens were accessed from the pathology database of the hospital and recorded for analysis. RESULTS: Our cohort had a median age of 60. Seventeen/51 (33%) @entity1 had evidence of @entity1712 on biopsy findings. The majority of @entity1 with @entity1712 were male (71%). Classical endoscopic features of oesophageal rings, furrows or white plaques and exudates were found in 59% of @entity1 with @entity1712 . Previous episodes of FBO were present in 12/17 @entity1 and 41% had a history of @entity484 , hay @entity221 or @entity565 . @entity354 and benign strictures were found in 20/34 @entity1 who did not have biopsies. CONCLUSION: @entity1712 is present in approximately one third of @entity1 who are admitted with FBO. Biopsies should be performed routinely at index endoscopy in order to pursue this treatable cause of long term morbidity.

title: Prevalence of XXXX in adults presenting with oesophageal food @entity3885 .

answer: @entity1712 :: (MESH:D004802,Disease) :: ['eosinophilic oesophagitis']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate outcomes of combined pars plana vitrectomy and @entity726 implant ( @entity2286 -BGI) placement for @entity726 . METHODS: The medical records of 92 eyes (89 @entity1 ) that underwent @entity2286 -BGI were retrospectively reviewed, including 43 eyes with @entity2297 ( @entity2297 ) and 49 eyes with other types of @entity726 (non- @entity2297 ). RESULTS: Outcome measures were visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), @entity726 medical therapy, complications, and success [VA>hand motions (HM), IOP>= 6 mm Hg and  <=21 mm Hg, no subsequent @entity726 surgery]. Cumulative success rates for the non- @entity2297 group and @entity2297 group were 79% and 40% at 1y, respectively (P=0.038). No difference in the rates of surgical success were found between pars plana and anterior chamber tube placement. Preoperative IOP (mean  SD) was 30.3  11.7 mm Hg in the Non- @entity2297 group and 40.0  10.6 mm Hg in the @entity2297 group, and IOP was reduced to 15  9.5 mm Hg in the non- @entity2297 group and 15  10.5 mm Hg in the @entity2297 at 1y. Number of @entity726 medications (mean  SD) decreased from 2.7  1.3 in the non- @entity2297 group and 2.8  1.3 in the @entity2297 group preoperatively to 0.76  1.18 in the non- @entity2297 group and 0.51  1.00 in the @entity2297 group at 1y. Improvement in VA of >= 2 Snellen lines was observed in 25 (27%) eyes, although only 33% of non- @entity2297 eyes and 2.3% of @entity2297 eyes maintained VA better than 20/200 at 1y. Nonclearing @entity548 was the most common @entity260 occurring in 16 (17%) eyes, and postoperative @entity548 developed in 5 (5.4%) eyes. CONCLUSION: @entity2286 -BGI is a viable surgical option for eyes with @entity726 , but visual outcomes are frequently poor because of ocular comorbidities, especially in eyes with @entity2297 . The location of tube placement does not influence surgical outcome and should be left to the discretion of the surgeon.

title: Combined pars plana vitrectomy and XXXX implant placement for @entity726 .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['suprachoroidal hemorrhages', 'vitreous hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Baerveldt glaucoma', 'glaucoma', 'refractory glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity2297 :: ('MESH:D015355', 'Disease') :: ['NVG', 'neovascular glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Baerveldt glaucoma']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate outcomes of combined pars plana vitrectomy and @entity726 implant ( @entity2286 -BGI) placement for @entity726 . METHODS: The medical records of 92 eyes (89 @entity1 ) that underwent @entity2286 -BGI were retrospectively reviewed, including 43 eyes with @entity2297 ( @entity2297 ) and 49 eyes with other types of @entity726 (non- @entity2297 ). RESULTS: Outcome measures were visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), @entity726 medical therapy, complications, and success [VA>hand motions (HM), IOP>= 6 mm Hg and  <=21 mm Hg, no subsequent @entity726 surgery]. Cumulative success rates for the non- @entity2297 group and @entity2297 group were 79% and 40% at 1y, respectively (P=0.038). No difference in the rates of surgical success were found between pars plana and anterior chamber tube placement. Preoperative IOP (mean  SD) was 30.3  11.7 mm Hg in the Non- @entity2297 group and 40.0  10.6 mm Hg in the @entity2297 group, and IOP was reduced to 15  9.5 mm Hg in the non- @entity2297 group and 15  10.5 mm Hg in the @entity2297 at 1y. Number of @entity726 medications (mean  SD) decreased from 2.7  1.3 in the non- @entity2297 group and 2.8  1.3 in the @entity2297 group preoperatively to 0.76  1.18 in the non- @entity2297 group and 0.51  1.00 in the @entity2297 group at 1y. Improvement in VA of >= 2 Snellen lines was observed in 25 (27%) eyes, although only 33% of non- @entity2297 eyes and 2.3% of @entity2297 eyes maintained VA better than 20/200 at 1y. Nonclearing @entity548 was the most common @entity260 occurring in 16 (17%) eyes, and postoperative @entity548 developed in 5 (5.4%) eyes. CONCLUSION: @entity2286 -BGI is a viable surgical option for eyes with @entity726 , but visual outcomes are frequently poor because of ocular comorbidities, especially in eyes with @entity2297 . The location of tube placement does not influence surgical outcome and should be left to the discretion of the surgeon.

title: Combined pars plana vitrectomy and @entity726 implant placement for XXXX .

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['refractory glaucoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Epidemiological typing of @entity328 is necessary to study genetic relatedness among @entity6475 . The Box A PCR assay, a good epidemiological tool for high resolution typing of pneumococcal isolates, was used for comparison of @entity6475 of @entity2260 from Korea, an area of high @entity114 resistance and India with low resistance to @entity114 . METHODS: The pneumococcal @entity6475 from Indian and Korean sources included in the study belonged to serotypes 19F, 23F, 6A _ 6B. The @entity114 susceptibility of the @entity6475 was confirmed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentration values. The @entity6475 were then fingerprinted using the Box A PCR protocol and the results were further analysed by Molecular Analyst Software. RESULTS: The Box fingerprinting technique produced sharp, clear and reproducible banding patterns for @entity6475 of @entity2260 included in the study. There was no similarity between Indian and Korean @entity6475 at the genetic level. Among the Korean @entity6475 with similar serotypes, the level of similarity varied. Except for one pair (serotype 23F), that showed a level of homology of about 90 per cent, almost all the others showed less than 80 per cent homology. It was also seen that there was a high percentage of homology (> 90% in nasopharyngeal isolates from India belonging to serotype 19F) between isolates from similar source. Comparison of the Indian and Korean isolates of similar serotype showed low homology, except for one cluster of two @entity6475 with serotype 6B which showed 84 per cent homology (blood isolates from India and Korea). INTERPRETATION _ CONCLUSION: Box A PCR is a highly discriminatory and useful method for typing @entity2260 . The results of the study have shown low levels of homology between @entity6475 from within India and also between two geographically distinct areas.

title: Epidemiological typing of XXXX from various sources in India _ Korea using Box A PCR fingerprinting.

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

answer: @entity328 :: (1313,Species) :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']


abstract: Due to the potential ethical and psychological implications of screening, and especially in regard of screening on @entity1 without available and acceptable therapeutic measures, there is a common view that such procedures are not advisable. As part of an independent research- and bioethical case study, our aim was therefore to explore and describe bioethical issues among a representative sample of @entity1 families (n = 17,055 @entity1 ) in the ABIS (All Babies In South-east Sweden) research screening for @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ). The primary aim is the identification of risk factors important for the development of @entity6 and other multifactorial immune-mediated diseases. Four hundred, randomly chosen, @entity1 mothers were asked to complete a questionnaire exploring issues of information, informed consent, bio-material, confidentiality and autonomy, and of prevention/intervention. 293 completed the questionnaire, resulting in a response rate of 73.3%. The majority of questions had the form of 6-point Likert-type response scales (1-6). We found that the majority of respondents felt calm in in regard of samples and written material, and also concerning the possibility of their @entity1 in the future being identified as having high risk of developing @entity1723 . An important finding concerning access and control of mainly biological data was indicated, with the respondents expressing concern for potential future use. We believe our findings indicate that this kind of empirical studies can substantially contribute to our understanding of bioethical issues of medical research involving genetics. Issues, such as safeguards ensuring the ethical criteria of autonomy and respect, were emphasised by our respondents. We believe the issues brought up may promote further discussion, and do suggest issues for consideration by, among others, researchers, bioethicists and Institutional Review Boards.

title: Bioethical theory and practice in genetic screening for type 1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'participant', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['Type 1 diabetes', 'IDDM']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: The study was conducted to assess the possible impact of @entity85 in @entity1 with @entity2112 ( @entity2112 ) on tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (t-SSEPs) and the influence of spine correction upon postoperative SSEP recordings. In 61 consecutive @entity1 undergoing 64 spinal instrumentations, 129 pre- and postoperative SSEPs were analyzed. The degree of @entity85 was assessed by the pre-operative Cobb angle of the major scoliotic curve. In a control group, reference values of t-SSEP latencies were established with respect to body height. In a cohort study, @entity2112 @entity1 were compared with healthy controls with respect to t-SSEP latency, amplitude, configuration and interside difference. The results of the analysis showed that preoperative-body-height-corrected t-SSEP latencies were prolonged in 61% of @entity1 , with a pathological interside difference in 23.4% of them. The impairment of t-SSEPs was not related to the extent of @entity85 as assessed by the Cobb angle. Even without occurrence of postoperative @entity51 , postoperative t-SSEPs showed significantly increased latencies without changes in t-SSEP configuration. The prolongation of t-SSEP latencies was related to the surgical procedure (combined ventro-dorsal approach), but not to the extent of spine correction, level of instrumentation, or number of fused segments. The analysis of preoperative t-SSEPs was of no predictive @entity16 . t-SSEPs are significantly affected in @entity2112 @entity1 , although these @entity1 show no obvious clinical @entity51 . The extent of t-SSEP impairment is not related to the severity of @entity1635 . Even in clinically uneventful surgery, the postoperative t-SSEPs can be deteriorated depending on the surgical approach. This indicates a subclinical impact of spine surgery upon spinal cord function.

title: SSEP analysis in surgery of @entity2112 : the influence of XXXX and surgical approach.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['value for intra- or postoperative neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scoliosis', 'IS']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spine deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['spine deformity']


abstract: The study was conducted to assess the possible impact of @entity85 in @entity1 with @entity2112 ( @entity2112 ) on tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (t-SSEPs) and the influence of spine correction upon postoperative SSEP recordings. In 61 consecutive @entity1 undergoing 64 spinal instrumentations, 129 pre- and postoperative SSEPs were analyzed. The degree of @entity85 was assessed by the pre-operative Cobb angle of the major scoliotic curve. In a control group, reference values of t-SSEP latencies were established with respect to body height. In a cohort study, @entity2112 @entity1 were compared with healthy controls with respect to t-SSEP latency, amplitude, configuration and interside difference. The results of the analysis showed that preoperative-body-height-corrected t-SSEP latencies were prolonged in 61% of @entity1 , with a pathological interside difference in 23.4% of them. The impairment of t-SSEPs was not related to the extent of @entity85 as assessed by the Cobb angle. Even without occurrence of postoperative @entity51 , postoperative t-SSEPs showed significantly increased latencies without changes in t-SSEP configuration. The prolongation of t-SSEP latencies was related to the surgical procedure (combined ventro-dorsal approach), but not to the extent of spine correction, level of instrumentation, or number of fused segments. The analysis of preoperative t-SSEPs was of no predictive @entity16 . t-SSEPs are significantly affected in @entity2112 @entity1 , although these @entity1 show no obvious clinical @entity51 . The extent of t-SSEP impairment is not related to the severity of @entity1635 . Even in clinically uneventful surgery, the postoperative t-SSEPs can be deteriorated depending on the surgical approach. This indicates a subclinical impact of spine surgery upon spinal cord function.

title: SSEP analysis in surgery of XXXX : the influence of @entity85 and surgical approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity2112 :: (MESH:C564593,Disease) :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: @entity120 in @entity472 ( @entity472 ) is considered uncommon, and the possible mechanisms involved in its insorgence are only speculative. We analyzed a group of 95 @entity1 with severe @entity472 (mean systolic gradient greater than or equal to 50 mmHg and/or aortic valve area less than or equal to 0.7 cm2) studied by standard hemodynamic techniques. In the study group the incidence of @entity120 was 50.5%. We divided the overall population in: Group I (47 @entity1 ), with @entity551 (PAP) less than or equal to 30 mmHg; Group II (33 @entity1 ), with moderate @entity101 (PAP 31-50 mmHg); Group III (15 @entity1 ), with severe @entity101 (PAP greater than 50 mmHg). Subjects with @entity120 were slightly older, and had more severe obstruction to left ventricular (LV) outflow. Impairment of LV diastolic function in the presence of @entity120 was expressed by a highly significant increase of LV end-diastolic pressure (p less than .001); reduced ejection performance was represented by a significant decrease of ejection fraction (p less than .01). Pulmonary vascular resistances also appeared to be increased. The correlation between variables showed PAP to be strongly correlated in a positive way to the LV end-diastolic pressure, and in an inverse way to the LV systolic performance (p less than .001 for both). Less striking was the correlation of pulmonary vascular resistances to LV diastolic and systolic function: a reactive and reversible vasoconstriction seemed likely. Surgery was not performed in 8 of the 95 @entity1 : 5 of them died shortly after diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity120 in severe XXXX . Incidence, mechanisms, clinical and surgical implications.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'Pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systolic pulmonary artery pressure']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']


abstract: @entity120 in @entity472 ( @entity472 ) is considered uncommon, and the possible mechanisms involved in its insorgence are only speculative. We analyzed a group of 95 @entity1 with severe @entity472 (mean systolic gradient greater than or equal to 50 mmHg and/or aortic valve area less than or equal to 0.7 cm2) studied by standard hemodynamic techniques. In the study group the incidence of @entity120 was 50.5%. We divided the overall population in: Group I (47 @entity1 ), with @entity551 (PAP) less than or equal to 30 mmHg; Group II (33 @entity1 ), with moderate @entity101 (PAP 31-50 mmHg); Group III (15 @entity1 ), with severe @entity101 (PAP greater than 50 mmHg). Subjects with @entity120 were slightly older, and had more severe obstruction to left ventricular (LV) outflow. Impairment of LV diastolic function in the presence of @entity120 was expressed by a highly significant increase of LV end-diastolic pressure (p less than .001); reduced ejection performance was represented by a significant decrease of ejection fraction (p less than .01). Pulmonary vascular resistances also appeared to be increased. The correlation between variables showed PAP to be strongly correlated in a positive way to the LV end-diastolic pressure, and in an inverse way to the LV systolic performance (p less than .001 for both). Less striking was the correlation of pulmonary vascular resistances to LV diastolic and systolic function: a reactive and reversible vasoconstriction seemed likely. Surgery was not performed in 8 of the 95 @entity1 : 5 of them died shortly after diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX in severe @entity472 . Incidence, mechanisms, clinical and surgical implications.

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: The authors report a case of spontaneous bilateral diaphyseal femoral fractures believed to be caused by oversuppression of bone remodeling as a result of long-term, high-dose treatment with @entity5520 . The @entity1 reported @entity158 in both thighs before the fractures. Typical pathologic changes appeared on both femoral radiograph and bone scan before the fractures. Several hours after admission to the emergency department of the authors' institution, the @entity1 underwent closed reduction and internal fixation with intramedullary nails for the bilateral femoral diaphyseal fractures. Treatment with @entity4381 was immediately discontinued. In recent years, @entity3330 in @entity1 undergoing long-term @entity5520 treatment have been reported. It is believed that the prolonged treatment causes long-term suppression of bone remodeling and accumulation of microdamage. It is important to observe @entity1 who are undergoing @entity5520 treatment carefully. In this case study, the authors report the @entity1 's unique medical history. [Orthopedics. 2015; 38(11):e1051-e1054.].

title: Spontaneous Bilateral Femoral Fractures After High-Dose XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5520 :: ('D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonate']

entities_list: @entity4381 :: ('MESH:C088658', 'Chemical') :: ['zoledronic acid']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['low-energy femoral diaphyseal fractures']

answer: @entity4381 :: (MESH:C088658,Chemical) :: ['Zoledronic Acid']


abstract: Pediatric @entity2249 are rare injuries that are associated with a high risk of @entity2530 of the femoral head. This study compared pediatric @entity1 with fully displaced @entity2249 treated with either open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or @entity6044 ( @entity6044 ). After institutional review board approval was obtained, the authors identified 53 @entity1 who were treated for @entity2249 between 2003 and 2012. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) diagnosis of a fully displaced @entity2249 with no anatomic cortical contact; (2) age of at least 4 years; and (3) clinical/radiographic follow-up of at least 1 year. Medical records and radiographs were retrospectively reviewed. Excluded from the study were 16 @entity1 who had @entity174 that were not fully displaced, 4 who were outside of the eligible age range, 1 who had insufficient radiographs, and 10 who had insufficient follow-up. Of the 22 @entity1 included, 6 were treated with ORIF and 16 were treated with @entity6044 . Treatment groups were compared with Fisher's exact test for categorical outcome data and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables. There was a significantly (P=.051) greater occurrence of @entity2530 after @entity6044 (50%) than after ORIF (0%). Further, @entity1 who underwent ORIF had a higher (P=.009) quality of reduction, a higher (P=.046) rate of anatomic union, and fewer (P=.009) complications than those who underwent @entity6044 . Major complications occurred in significantly fewer (P=.015) hips after ORIF than after @entity6044 . No significant difference (P=.477) was seen between groups, according to the Ratliff assessment of final results. Fully displaced pediatric @entity2249 treated with ORIF had a significantly higher quality of reduction, with fewer complications, including @entity2530 , than those treated with @entity6044 . [Orthopedics. 2015; 38(11):e983-e990.].

title: Open Reduction of Pediatric XXXX Reduces @entity2530 Risk.

entities_list: @entity2249 :: ('MESH:D005265', 'Disease') :: ['femoral neck fracture', 'femoral neck fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity6044 :: ('MESH:D005596', 'Disease') :: ['CRIF', 'closed reduction and internal fixation']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity2249 :: (MESH:D005265,Disease) :: ['Femoral Neck Fractures']


abstract: Pediatric @entity2249 are rare injuries that are associated with a high risk of @entity2530 of the femoral head. This study compared pediatric @entity1 with fully displaced @entity2249 treated with either open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or @entity6044 ( @entity6044 ). After institutional review board approval was obtained, the authors identified 53 @entity1 who were treated for @entity2249 between 2003 and 2012. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) diagnosis of a fully displaced @entity2249 with no anatomic cortical contact; (2) age of at least 4 years; and (3) clinical/radiographic follow-up of at least 1 year. Medical records and radiographs were retrospectively reviewed. Excluded from the study were 16 @entity1 who had @entity174 that were not fully displaced, 4 who were outside of the eligible age range, 1 who had insufficient radiographs, and 10 who had insufficient follow-up. Of the 22 @entity1 included, 6 were treated with ORIF and 16 were treated with @entity6044 . Treatment groups were compared with Fisher's exact test for categorical outcome data and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables. There was a significantly (P=.051) greater occurrence of @entity2530 after @entity6044 (50%) than after ORIF (0%). Further, @entity1 who underwent ORIF had a higher (P=.009) quality of reduction, a higher (P=.046) rate of anatomic union, and fewer (P=.009) complications than those who underwent @entity6044 . Major complications occurred in significantly fewer (P=.015) hips after ORIF than after @entity6044 . No significant difference (P=.477) was seen between groups, according to the Ratliff assessment of final results. Fully displaced pediatric @entity2249 treated with ORIF had a significantly higher quality of reduction, with fewer complications, including @entity2530 , than those treated with @entity6044 . [Orthopedics. 2015; 38(11):e983-e990.].

title: Open Reduction of Pediatric @entity2249 Reduces XXXX Risk.

answer: @entity2530 :: (MESH:D010020,Disease) :: ['Osteonecrosis']


abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) help to understand the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on @entity0 ( @entity0 ) progression and survival. We performed multiple analyses on data from a previously conducted GWAS for the influence of individual SNPs, @entity5516 ( @entity5516 ) and inbreeding on @entity0 survival. (I.) The association of individual SNPs indicated no differences in the proportions of homozygous individuals among short-time survivors (STSs) and long-time survivors (LTSs). (II.) The analysis revealed differences among the populations for the number of @entity5516 per @entity1 and the total and average length of @entity5516 per @entity1 and among LTSs and STSs for the number of @entity5516 per @entity1 . (III.) Common @entity5516 at particular genomic positions were nominally more frequent among LTSs than in STSs. Common @entity5516 showed significant evidence for natural selection (iHS, Tajima's D, Fay-Wu's H). Most regions could be linked to genes related to @entity0 progression or treatment. (IV.) Results were supported by a higher level of inbreeding among LTSs. Our results showed that an increased level of homozygosity may result in a preference of individuals during @entity0 treatment. Although common @entity5516 were short, variants within @entity5516 might favor survival of @entity0 and may function in a recessive manner.

title: Inbreeding and homozygosity in XXXX survival.

entities_list: @entity5516 :: ('MESH:D020195', 'Disease') :: ['runs of homozygosity', 'ROHs']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: A multicenter randomized controlled study was conducted to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of @entity205 therapy for @entity1569 using either a continuous or an intermittent regimen. Initially, both regimens consisted of 3-5 mg/kg/day administration of CyA. Once remission was obtained, CyA dose was maintained between 0.5 and 3 mg/kg/day under the continuous regimen, while under the intermittent regimen, CyA dose was tapered off and, when necessary, topical corticosteroids were used until relapse occurred. Thirty-one @entity1 were followed for at least 48 months (mean follow-up period: 55.9+/-4.6 months): 15 received continuous therapy, and 16 received intermittent therapy. With both regimens, the PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) score was maintained at 5-12 points throughout the follow-up period. The score was decreased by more than 70% from baseline with both regimens: the responses between them were not significantly different. However, overall control of @entity1569 , as assessed from the averaged PASI score, was better in the @entity1 receiving continuous therapy. Although the overall frequency of adverse reactions was similar for the two regimens, @entity5 occurred in two @entity1 on continuous therapy ( @entity356 and @entity157 in one @entity1 each). We could not, however, @entity5 in the two @entity1 to continuous therapy itself. There was a significantly higher incidence of @entity8 in elderly @entity1 receiving either regimen when compared with younger @entity1 . In conclusion, CyA administered to @entity1569 @entity1 under both regimens exhibited long-term efficacy and tolerability. Despite a lower overall efficacy, it seems proper to conclude that intermittent therapy is more useful than continuous therapy due to the occurrence of @entity5 with continuous therapy. Further investigation is required to determine whether intermittent therapy is really safer than continuous therapy, and, if so, how it should be designed to minimize long-term adverse reactions and achieve overall control comparable to that of continuous CyA therapy.

title: Long-term continuous versus intermittent XXXX : therapy for @entity1569 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'definitely attribute the cancers', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporin']


abstract: A multicenter randomized controlled study was conducted to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of @entity205 therapy for @entity1569 using either a continuous or an intermittent regimen. Initially, both regimens consisted of 3-5 mg/kg/day administration of CyA. Once remission was obtained, CyA dose was maintained between 0.5 and 3 mg/kg/day under the continuous regimen, while under the intermittent regimen, CyA dose was tapered off and, when necessary, topical corticosteroids were used until relapse occurred. Thirty-one @entity1 were followed for at least 48 months (mean follow-up period: 55.9+/-4.6 months): 15 received continuous therapy, and 16 received intermittent therapy. With both regimens, the PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) score was maintained at 5-12 points throughout the follow-up period. The score was decreased by more than 70% from baseline with both regimens: the responses between them were not significantly different. However, overall control of @entity1569 , as assessed from the averaged PASI score, was better in the @entity1 receiving continuous therapy. Although the overall frequency of adverse reactions was similar for the two regimens, @entity5 occurred in two @entity1 on continuous therapy ( @entity356 and @entity157 in one @entity1 each). We could not, however, @entity5 in the two @entity1 to continuous therapy itself. There was a significantly higher incidence of @entity8 in elderly @entity1 receiving either regimen when compared with younger @entity1 . In conclusion, CyA administered to @entity1569 @entity1 under both regimens exhibited long-term efficacy and tolerability. Despite a lower overall efficacy, it seems proper to conclude that intermittent therapy is more useful than continuous therapy due to the occurrence of @entity5 with continuous therapy. Further investigation is required to determine whether intermittent therapy is really safer than continuous therapy, and, if so, how it should be designed to minimize long-term adverse reactions and achieve overall control comparable to that of continuous CyA therapy.

title: Long-term continuous versus intermittent @entity205 : therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification of risks for development of @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ), which might be identified early after injury, would allow for prognostic estimates and targeting of high-risk cohorts for clinical trials of preventive strategies. This study was performed to develop an equation that can be applied to estimate the probability of @entity55 based on parameters collected in the early postinjury interval. METHODS: Over a 28-month period, @entity1 admissions were reviewed for mechanism and severity of injury, patterns of injury, shock, and need for emergent intubation. Early deaths (<48 hours) were excluded. @entity2489 diagnosis required > or = 10(5) colony-forming units/mL organisms in the bronchoalveolar lavage effluent. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to develop the prediction equation and estimate odds ratios. The equation was then tested on consecutive @entity1 admitted over a 2-month period. RESULTS: We reviewed 9,721 admissions (77% blunt, 23% penetrating). @entity2489 incidence was 5.6%. Overall mortality was 2% (21% for @entity1 with @entity2489 vs. 1% for no @entity2489 ; p < 0.0001). Multiple logistic regression analysis for all @entity1 produced the following equation: f(x) = -3.08 - 1.56 (MOI) - 0.12 (GCS) + 1.37 (SCI) + 0.30 (chest AIS) + 1.87 ( @entity3813 ) + 0.67 (tx) + 0.05 (ISS) + 0.66 (int), where MOI is mechanism of injury (penetrating = 1, blunt = 0), GCS is Glasgow @entity772 Scale score, SCI is @entity1566 (yes = 1, no = 0), @entity3813 is emergent laparotomy (yes = 1, no = 0), ISS is Injury Severity Score, tx is units of blood transfused in the resuscitation room, and int is intubation in either the field or the resuscitation room (yes = 1, no = 0). The probability of @entity2489 was calculated as follows: P( @entity2489 ) = e(f)(x)/1 + e(f)(x). This formula was concordant in 95% and discordant in 5%. CONCLUSION: It is possible to accurately predict risk for @entity2489 in @entity130 @entity1 based on data available early after injury. This calculation could be useful for counseling families relative to prognosis and research protocols, and addressing hospitalization issues with third-party payors.

title: A formula for prediction of posttraumatic XXXX based on early anatomic and physiologic parameters.

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['ventilator-associated pneumonia', 'VAP']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Appropriate surgical management of type A dissection is a critical factor for achieving satisfactory outcome, but the choice of optimal procedure is controversial. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with aortic arch replacement for type A dissection involving the arch. METHODS AND RESULTS: Excluding 14 cases of subtotal or total aortic replacement, 411 of 544 @entity1 with type A dissection (stented @entity7105 trunk=291, conventional surgical repair=120) underwent aortic arch replacement between January 2003 and September 2008. In-hospital mortality was 3.09% (9 of 291) for stented (acute=4.73%, 7 of 148; chronic=1.40%, 2 of 143) and 5.00% (6 of 120) for conventional repairs (acute=6.06%, 4 of 66; chronic=3.70%, 2 of 54). @entity1566 was 2.41% (7 of 291) in the stented and 0.83% (1 of 120) in the conventional group. The overall prevalence of @entity64 was 1.95% (8 of 411) (stented=2.41%, 7 of 291; conventional=0.83, 1 of 120). Secondary intervention was 2.34% (5 of 214) for acute dissection (stented=1 and conventional=4; P=0.031) and 3.05% (6 of 197) for chronic dissection (stented=4 and conventional=2; P=0.661) during follow-up. Obliteration of the false lumen around the stented @entity7105 trunk occurred in 94.2% (130 of 138) of @entity1 with acute dissection and in 92.0% (126 of 137) of @entity1 with chronic dissection. CONCLUSIONS: Total arch replacement combined with stented @entity7105 trunk implantation demonstrated the superiority of the combination of the surgical and interventional approaches while avoiding the weaknesses associated with the individual methods. The encouraging surgical results could enable this procedure to become the new "standard" therapy for type A dissection involving repair of the aortic arch.

title: Total arch replacement combined with stented XXXX trunk implantation: a new "standard" therapy for type a dissection involving repair of the aortic arch?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord injury']

answer: @entity7105 :: (9783,Species) :: ['elephant']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although episcleral buckles are frequently placed as an additional procedure to vitreoretinal surgery, little is known about their independent effect after @entity2194 . The authors created a posterior penetrating @entity4858 model to evaluate the isolated role of primary episcleral buckle placement. METHODS: Twenty eyes underwent surgery. The @entity2982 consisted of two 5-mm circumferential incisions placed five clock hours apart and 8 mm behind the limbus. A segmental episcleral buckle was placed over a randomly chosen injury site after wound closure. The degrees of fibrous proliferation, traction, and the presence of @entity1713 were evaluated on follow-up examinations. After enucleation and initial fixation, tissue sectioning was performed, and the greatest dimension of the fibrous proliferation at both wound sites was measured with a caliper. RESULTS: Two eyes were excluded from the study. Three eyes developed a @entity1713 ; the remaining 15 eyes showed varying degrees of proliferation and traction on the retina. The greatest dimension of the fibrous proliferation at the buckle site (1.22 +/- 1 mm) was significantly different from that at the nonbuckle site (2 +/- 1.45 mm, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Primary episcleral buckle placement at the time of surgical repair reduces vitreous traction from the buckle site and decreases the degree of fibrovascular proliferation.

title: The role of scleral buckle in experimental posterior penetrating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular trauma']

entities_list: @entity2982 :: ('MESH:D020197', 'Disease') :: ['penetrating injury']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['ocular injury']

answer: @entity4858 :: (MESH:D005131,Disease) :: ['eye injury']


abstract: The data of 825 consecutive @entity1 with @entity385 or TIA were retrospectively reviewed for ultrasound findings of stenoses or occlusions of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Using survival statistics,we studied the influence of various factors on the prognosis of MCA findings. We identified 90 subjects with MCA @entity850 or @entity432 . Microembolic signals were demonstrated in 33% and spontaneous flow variations in 7%. Symptomatic MCA findings normalized more quickly than asymptomatic findings. Microembolic signals occurred only in symptomatic stenoses. Spontaneous flow variations strongly predicted the disappearance of a @entity850 . Atherogenic risk factors were associated with stable ultrasound findings. These data suggest that different types of MCA findings exist: (1) dynamic, emboligenic stenoses or occlusions with early normalization and a high risk for @entity63 events and (2) static, nonemboligenic stenoses with rare normalization and a low risk of @entity63 events. A high percentage of the former may be of embolic origin, and the latter may be @entity731 .

title: [Determinants for the prognosis of median cerebral artery processes--a retrospective analysis of 90 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic plaques']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: From 1965 to 1985, 64 @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) @entity1 were treated with streptokinase (SK). In 26 cases 'high-dose SK' (IV 100,000 units/h for 4 days) was used and in 38 @entity1 a 'low-dose SK' regime (IV 250,000 units every 12 h for 4 days) was employed. The clinical signs of @entity1150 subsided in 78 per cent of treated @entity1 within 30 days of completing SK treatment. A repeat phlebography was performed immediately after SK therapy in 29 @entity1 (45 per cent) and a total recanalization or partial thrombolysis was achieved in 80 per cent of the studied cases. In 15 @entity1 minor and major @entity548 occurred. There were five fatalities, all in the high-dose SK group (three intracranial @entity548 and two major @entity548 ). Three @entity1 developed @entity1151 and none of them died. The post-treatment clinical and phlebographic evaluation did not reveal any significant difference between the two methods of SK administration, but more @entity548 (P less than 0.02, chi=5.50825) occurred in the high-dose SK @entity1 . This report emphasizes the risk of @entity548 complications during thrombolytic therapy. If SK is to be used, therefore, careful selection of @entity1 and meticulous monitoring are mandatory.

title: Hazards of thrombolytic therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic complications', 'bleeding', 'bleeds', 'haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['deep vein thrombosis']


abstract: Corticosteroid (CS)-related @entity281 risk in @entity3039 ( @entity3039 ) is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the adjusted CS risk function of severe @entity281 in persistent or chronic primary @entity3039 adults. We designed a nested case-control study in the FAITH cohort. This cohort is built through the French national health insurance database named SNIIRAM and includes all treated incident persistent or chronic primary @entity3039 adults in France (ENCePP n  4574). @entity1 who entered the FAITH cohort between 2009 and 2012 were eligible (n = 1805). Cases were @entity1 with @entity281 as primary diagnosis code during hospitalization. Index date was the date of first hospitalization for @entity281 . A 2:1 matching was performed on age and entry date in the cohort. Various CS exposure time-windows were defined: current user, exposure during the 1/3/6 months preceding index date and from the entry date. CS doses were converted in @entity229 equivalent (PEQ). The cumulative CS doses were averaged in each time-window to obtain daily PEQ dosages. Each CS exposure definition was assessed using multivariate conditional regression models. During the study period, 161 cases (9 opportunistic) occurred. The model with the best goodness of fit was CS exposure during the month before the index date (OR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.61-3.83). The dose-effect relation showed that the risk existed from averaged daily doses >= 5 mg PEQ (vs. <5 mg: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.17-3.71). The risk of @entity281 was mainly supported by current or recent exposure to CS, even with low doses.

title: Corticosteroid Risk Function of Severe Infection in Primary XXXX Adults. A Nationwide Nested Case-Control Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['ITP', 'immune thrombocytopenia']

answer: @entity3039 :: (MESH:D016553,Disease) :: ['Immune Thrombocytopenia']


abstract: Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in immune surveillance against a variety of infectious microorganisms and @entity5 . Limited availability of NK cells and ability to expand in vitro has restricted development of NK cell immunotherapy. Here we describe a method to efficiently expand vast quantities of functional NK cells ex vivo using K562 cells expressing membrane-bound @entity15787 , as an artificial antigen-presenting cell (aAPC). NK cell adoptive therapies to date have utilized a cell product obtained by steady-state leukapheresis of the donor followed by depletion of T cells or positive selection of NK cells. The product is usually activated in @entity1199 overnight and then administered the following day. Because of the low frequency of NK cells in peripheral blood, relatively small numbers of NK cells have been delivered in clinical trials. The inability to propagate NK cells in vitro has been the limiting factor for generating sufficient cell numbers for optimal clinical outcome. Some expansion of NK cells (5-10 fold over 1-2 weeks) has be achieved through high-dose @entity1199 alone. Activation of autologous T cells can mediate NK cell expansion, presumably also through release of local cytokine. Support with mesenchymal stroma or artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) can support the expansion of NK cells from both peripheral blood and cord blood. Combined @entity3222 and @entity3138 activation by antibody-coated beads is currently marketed for NK cell expansion (Miltenyi Biotec, Auburn CA), resulting in approximately 100-fold expansion in 21 days. Clinical trials using aAPC-expanded or -activated NK cells are underway, one using leukemic cell line @entity1 to prime and activate NK cells without significant expansion. A second trial utilizes EBV-LCL for NK cell expansion, achieving a mean 490-fold expansion in 21 days. The third utilizes a K562-based aAPC transduced with @entity44085 ( @entity44085 ) and membrane-bound IL-15 (mIL-15), which achieved a mean NK expansion 277-fold in 21 days. Although, the NK cells expanded using K562-41BBL-mIL15 aAPC are highly cytotoxic in vitro and in vivo compared to unexpanded NK cells, and participate in @entity14114 , their proliferation is limited by senescence attributed to telomere @entity3207 . More recently a 350-fold expansion of NK cells was reported using K562 expressing @entity1531 , @entity44085 and @entity8252 . Our method of NK cell expansion described herein produces rapid proliferation of NK cells without senescence achieving a median 21,000-fold expansion in 21 days.

title: Expansion, purification, and functional assessment of XXXX peripheral blood NK cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Adult male @entity35 were administered 75 mg/kg of the neurotoxin @entity8250 to produce lesions of the inferior olive-climbing fiber projection to the cerebellum. At selected times ranging from 6 h to 43 days postlesion, @entity35 were evaluated for @entity66 , and @entity367 decarboxylase (GAD) activity was determined in the deep cerebellar nuclei and cerebellar vermis. In the deep nuclei non-monotonic changes in GAD activity were found following climbing fiber destruction. Initially, there was a steady increase in GAD activity which peaked at 38% above control values 14 days postlesion. GAD activity then slowly declined, although it remained significantly above control levels at 43 days postlesion, the latest time point examined. In the vermis, GAD activity was significantly increased at 4 days postlesion (+8%) and remained at approximately this level throughout the experiment. The initial behavioral effects of climbing fiber loss included @entity2421 and @entity2055 with severely reduced mobility. With time, the @entity2055 and @entity2421 decreased and movements such as mud-walking and pivoting developed. As these behaviors diminished, other novel conditions such as movement-associated @entity400 and hopping appeared. These results are discussed in the context of the previously reported effects of climbing fiber lesions on the firing rates of Purkinje cells and deep nuclei cells.

title: Temporal sequence of motor disturbances and increased cerebellar @entity367 decarboxylase activity following XXXX lesions in adult @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['motor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity8250 :: ('MESH:C010835', 'Chemical') :: ['3-acetylpyridine']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

answer: @entity8250 :: (MESH:C010835,Chemical) :: ['3-acetylpyridine']


abstract: Adult male @entity35 were administered 75 mg/kg of the neurotoxin @entity8250 to produce lesions of the inferior olive-climbing fiber projection to the cerebellum. At selected times ranging from 6 h to 43 days postlesion, @entity35 were evaluated for @entity66 , and @entity367 decarboxylase (GAD) activity was determined in the deep cerebellar nuclei and cerebellar vermis. In the deep nuclei non-monotonic changes in GAD activity were found following climbing fiber destruction. Initially, there was a steady increase in GAD activity which peaked at 38% above control values 14 days postlesion. GAD activity then slowly declined, although it remained significantly above control levels at 43 days postlesion, the latest time point examined. In the vermis, GAD activity was significantly increased at 4 days postlesion (+8%) and remained at approximately this level throughout the experiment. The initial behavioral effects of climbing fiber loss included @entity2421 and @entity2055 with severely reduced mobility. With time, the @entity2055 and @entity2421 decreased and movements such as mud-walking and pivoting developed. As these behaviors diminished, other novel conditions such as movement-associated @entity400 and hopping appeared. These results are discussed in the context of the previously reported effects of climbing fiber lesions on the firing rates of Purkinje cells and deep nuclei cells.

title: Temporal sequence of motor disturbances and increased cerebellar XXXX decarboxylase activity following @entity8250 lesions in adult @entity35 .

answer: @entity367 :: (CHEBI:18237,Chemical) :: ['glutamic acid']


abstract: Adult male @entity35 were administered 75 mg/kg of the neurotoxin @entity8250 to produce lesions of the inferior olive-climbing fiber projection to the cerebellum. At selected times ranging from 6 h to 43 days postlesion, @entity35 were evaluated for @entity66 , and @entity367 decarboxylase (GAD) activity was determined in the deep cerebellar nuclei and cerebellar vermis. In the deep nuclei non-monotonic changes in GAD activity were found following climbing fiber destruction. Initially, there was a steady increase in GAD activity which peaked at 38% above control values 14 days postlesion. GAD activity then slowly declined, although it remained significantly above control levels at 43 days postlesion, the latest time point examined. In the vermis, GAD activity was significantly increased at 4 days postlesion (+8%) and remained at approximately this level throughout the experiment. The initial behavioral effects of climbing fiber loss included @entity2421 and @entity2055 with severely reduced mobility. With time, the @entity2055 and @entity2421 decreased and movements such as mud-walking and pivoting developed. As these behaviors diminished, other novel conditions such as movement-associated @entity400 and hopping appeared. These results are discussed in the context of the previously reported effects of climbing fiber lesions on the firing rates of Purkinje cells and deep nuclei cells.

title: Temporal sequence of motor disturbances and increased cerebellar @entity367 decarboxylase activity following @entity8250 lesions in adult XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Short-term results are presented from our first year of experience with transcatheter @entity886 [corrected] (TAVI) at the University Hospital of North Norway. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TAVI was used to treat 25 @entity1 with @entity472 [corrected] from September 2008 to August 2009. 25 @entity1 operated with conventional aortic valve replacement (AVR) served as controls. RESULTS: The TAVI group had a significantly higher EuroSCORE (p < 0.001) than the AVR group. No @entity1 in the TAVI group were treated in the intensive care unit while those in the AVR group received 38 days of intensive care in total. The TAVI group had shorter operating times (p < 0.001), larger mean valve sizes (p < 0.001) and significantly fewer postoperative transfusions (p < 0.001) than the ACR group. Peri-operative @entity64 and @entity583 did not occur in the TAVI group while there was one incidence of @entity64 and one @entity583 in the AVR group. The postoperative transvalvular mean gradient decreased in both groups (p < 0.001) and was significantly lower in the TAVI group (p = 0.001). The NYHA class improved significantly in the TAVI group (p < 0.001). No @entity1 needed implantation of a permanent pacemaker. 30-day mortality was four @entity1 in the AVR group and one @entity1 in the TAVI group. After discharge one @entity1 died in each group. INTERPRETATION: TAVI is safe and effective for selected @entity1 with @entity472 [corrected] who are assessed as high risk for AVR. Long-term results are needed and will be decisive for use of this approach in the future.

title: Transcatheter @entity886 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic-valve implantation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']