abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated the effectiveness of diaphragm biofeedback training (DBT) for @entity1 with @entity354 ( @entity354 ). A total of 40 @entity1 with @entity354 treated at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between September 2004 and July 2006 were randomized to receive DBT and @entity34070 proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or @entity34070 alone. The DBT + @entity34070 group received DBT during the 8-week initial treatment; the @entity34070 group did not. During the 6-month follow up, all @entity1 took acid suppression according to their @entity304 , and the @entity1 in the DBT + @entity34070 group were required to continue DBT. The primary outcome (used for power analysis) was the amount of acid suppression used at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were @entity304 , health-related quality of life (HRQL), and esophageal motility differences after the 8-week treatment compared with baseline. Acid suppression usage significantly decreased in the DBT + @entity34070 group compared with the @entity34070 group at 6 months (P < 0.05). At 8 weeks, @entity304 and @entity354 -HRQL were significantly improved in both groups (P < 0.05), without difference between them. @entity1269 ( @entity1269 ) and gastroesophageal junction pressure (GEJP) significantly increased in the DBT + @entity34070 group (P < 0.05), but without change in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure. There was no significant change in @entity1269 , GEJP, and LES pressure compared with baseline in the @entity34070 group. In conclusion, long-term DBT could reduce acid suppression usage by enhancing the anti-reflux barrier, providing a non-pharmacological maintenance therapy and reducing medical costs for @entity1 with @entity354 .

title: Short-term and long-term effect of diaphragm biofeedback training in XXXX : an open-label, pilot, randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity34070 :: ('MESH:D064750', 'Chemical') :: ['rabeprazole']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['reflux symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['CDT', 'Crural diaphragm tension']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease']


abstract: The aim of this study was to develop a less invasive trans-septal approach for the endoscopic management of @entity75 . We performed a septal-assisted surgical procedure for endoscopic sphenoidectomy in 38 @entity1 with isolated or combined @entity75 , including fungal balls, mucoceles, @entity18184 , etc. The posterior portion of the nasal septum became flexible after @entity18184 . The superior portion of the common meatus was expanded to accommodate the endoscope after the septum was repositioned contra-laterally. The lesions were individually managed through the enlarged ostiums while damage to the mucosa of the front sphenoidal wall was avoided. All the procedures were completed successfully without intraoperative complications, and the bony ostiums were identified easily and enlarged accurately. During the follow-up period of 16 weeks to 2 years, no re- @entity1146 or restenosis was observed. The recurrence rate was 0. No @entity260 were recorded. All the responses from the @entity1 were satisfactory. It was concluded that endoscopic sphenoidectomy assisted by trans-septal approach is a feasible, safe, effective and minimally invasive approach for selected cases with unilateral or bilateral lesions in the sphenoid sinuses.

title: Management of XXXX by septal-assisted approach: Surgical skills and advantages.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['sphenoidal sinus lesions', 'sphenoid sinus lesions']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity18184 :: ('MESH:D015524', 'Disease') :: ['purulent cystic sphenoidal sinusitis', 'removal of the vomer and the sphenoidal rostrum']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['sphenoidal sinus lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recognizing the diverse presentation of neurological conditions that emergency physicians encounter can be challenging, and management of these @entity1 often requires consultation with a neurologist. Accurate diagnosis is critical in @entity16 because @entity1 outcomes are often dependent on timely treatment. Our primary objective was to ascertain whether consultant neurologists understood the reason for consultation in the @entity341 . METHODS: The authors conducted a prospective study of a non-consecutive sample of 94 @entity1 seen in an academic tertiary care @entity341 ( @entity341 ) who underwent consultation by neurologist over 4 consecutive months. At the time a consult was requested, we independently surveyed the treating @entity341 physician for their differential diagnosis. Neurologists were also queried as to whether there was a clear indication for consultation. We then followed the @entity1 to determine their final diagnosis and outcome. RESULTS: The median age was 57 years (interquartile range 45-78). 45.7 % were male. The clinical reasons for all the consults were 61 % focal symptom, 12 % concern about a specific diagnosis, 9 % radiological finding, 9 % diagnostic ambiguity, and 11 % other. There was no significant difference in the rate of a final neurological diagnosis based on the clinical reason for consult (p = 0.13). In the 17 % of @entity1 for whom the treating neurologist reported a lack of a clear indication for the consultation, 25 % were later admitted to a neurological service, and 69 % ultimately had a neurological diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity1 with @entity16 can have diverse presentations, emergency physicians appear to utilize neurologic consultation appropriately. Additionally, nearly 70 % of @entity1 for whom the consultant did not precisely understand the need for the consultation had neurological diagnoses. Time and resource constraints in the @entity341 create challenges in making correct diagnosis.

title: A prospective evaluation of indications for neurological consultation in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological emergencies']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Low-grade chronic @entity32 is a salient feature of @entity28 and many associated disorders. This condition frequently occurs in @entity1144 and is connected to alterations of the visceral @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) microenvironment. Understanding how @entity28 is related to @entity32 may allow the development of therapeutics aimed at improving metabolic parameters in @entity28 @entity1 . To achieve this aim, we compared the features of 2 subpopulations of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) isolated from both @entity1386 of @entity28 @entity1 with the features of 2 subpopulations of ASC from the same isolation sites of @entity28 individuals. In particular, the behavior of ASC of @entity28 subjects during @entity519 , which occurs in @entity28 and is an inducer of the inflammatory response, was evaluated. @entity28 deeply influenced ASC from visceral @entity1386 (obV-ASC); these cells appeared to exhibit clearly distinguishable morphology and ultrastructure as well as reduced proliferation, clonogenicity and expression of stemness, differentiation and @entity32 -related genes. These cells also exhibited a deregulated response to @entity519 , which induced strong tissue-specific NF-kB activation and an NF-kB-mediated increase in inflammatory and fibrogenic responses. Moreover, obV-ASC, which showed a less stem-like phenotype, recovered stemness features after @entity519 . Our findings demonstrated the peculiar behavior of obV-ASC, their influence on the @entity1144 microenvironment and the therapeutic potential of NF-kB inhibitors. These novel findings suggest that the deregulated hyper-responsiveness to @entity519 stimulus of ASC from visceral @entity1386 of @entity28 subjects may contribute via paracrine mechanisms to low-grade chronic @entity32 , which has been implicated in @entity28 -related morbidity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX Promotes the Inflammatory Response and Stemness Features in Visceral Fat Stem Cells from Obese Subjects.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obese vs non-obese', 'non-obese', 'obese AT', 'obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['central obesity', 'obese visceral AT']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adipose tissue', 'subcutaneous and visceral AT', 'AT']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['Hypoxia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mechanisms involved in fertilization are the centre of attention in order to determine the conditions required to reproduce in  vitro the events that take place in  vivo, with special interest in endangered species. Previous data from @entity19 sperm, where @entity137 ( @entity137 ) occurs more often in the interstitium of the cumulus oophorus, contribute to strengthen the use of @entity1420 as a physiological inducer of this process. We studied the participation of protein kinase A (PKA), phospholipases A2 and C ( @entity23834 , @entity1609 ) in the @entity137 induced by @entity1420 from Chinchilla epididymal spermatozoa. The addition of db- @entity268 to the incubation medium caused an increase of 58% in the @entity137 , while the use of H89 (30   m), a PKA inhibitor, reflected a decrease of 40% in the percentage of reacted gametes. The assays conducted with @entity1426 showed a maximum increase of 23% in the @entity137 . When gametes were pre-incubated with @entity23834 inhibitors, a dose-dependent inhibitory effect was observed. The addition of @entity1359 (10   m) revealed higher percentages of @entity137 induction (60%). When @entity1609 was inhibited with @entity5154 and @entity4385 , a dose-dependent decrease in @entity137 percentages was observed. Combined inhibition of PKA, @entity23834 and @entity1609 , @entity137 values similar to control were obtained. This work shows evidence, for the first time in Chinchilla, that @entity1420 activates the AC/ @entity268 /PKA system as well as sperm phospholipases and that these signalling pathways participate jointly and cooperatively in @entity137 . These results contribute to the understanding of the complex regulation that is triggered in sperm after the effect of @entity1420 .

title: Involvement of Protein XXXX -dependent Kinase, Phospholipase A2 and Phospholipase C in Sperm Acrosome Reaction of Chinchilla lanigera.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['acrosome reaction', 'AR']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1359 :: ('CHEBI:37537', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol12-myristate13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity5154 :: ('MESH:D009355', 'Chemical') :: ['neomycin']

answer: @entity268 :: (CHEBI:17489,Chemical) :: ['cAMP']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Colon interposition is an alternative solution for esophageal reconstruction if the stomach cannot be used. The study reviews current indications and results of coloplasty for @entity5 . METHODS: @entity1 who underwent colon interposition for gastro-esophageal malignancy were included. Primary coloplasty was defined as upfront colon interposition. Salvage coloplasty was defined as colon interposition after primary reconstruction failure. Mortality, morbidity, function, and survival were evaluated. RESULTS: We included 28 @entity1 (24 @entity1 , median age 61   years). Ten (36%) @entity1 underwent primary coloplasty due to previous gastrectomy (n   =   5), conduit @entity356 (n   =   2), extensive @entity354 (n   =   2), and @entity356 recurrence (n   =   1). Salvage coloplasty was performed in 18 (64%) @entity1 for postoperative graft @entity39 (n   =   5) and intractable strictures (n   =   3). Operative mortality, morbidity, and graft @entity39 rates were 14% (4/28), 86% (24/28), and 14% (4/28), respectively; there were no significant differences between primary and salvage coloplasty. Survival rates at 1-, 3-, and 5 years were 81%, 51%, and 38%, respectively. Survival was decreased after primary coloplasty when compared to salvage coloplasty (P   =   0.03). Nine @entity1 experienced @entity5 recurrence (primary: n   =   6, salvage: n   =   3) after coloplasty and eight of them died. CONCLUSION: Colon interposition after esophagectomy is a useful but morbid endeavor. Colon interposition as salvage therapy is associated with improved survival compared to its use as primary esophageal replacement, and colon interposition in the latter cohort should be used with caution due to poor @entity5 -specific survival in this @entity1 population. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:159-164.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Esophageal reconstruction by colon interposition after esophagectomy for XXXX analysis of current indications, operative outcomes, and long-term survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal involvement']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To present our initial experience with the use of EndoAnchors for @entity439 repair (EVAR) of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) with little to no infrarenal landing zone. BACKGROUND: EndoAnchors have been reported to assist in the prevention and treatment of type 1a endoleaks in @entity1 with hostile aortic necks who undergo EVAR. METHODS: Between July 2013 and July 2014, nine @entity1 with @entity1028 and short proximal aortic necks (i.e., 0-10 mm in length) underwent EVAR. In five @entity1 , utilization of the chimney graft technique was necessary. A mean of 2.5 (range 1-4) visceral vessels underwent chimney graft. The prophylactic use of EndoAnchors was utilized in all 9 @entity1 . The decision to use the EndoAnchors was made in the preoperative planning phase. RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in 100% of cases. In two cases, type 1a endoleaks were noted before the deployment of any EndoAnchors. In both cases, a final angiogram depicted resolution of the type 1a endoleak after insertion of the EndoAnchors. Mean follow-up time was 8 months. At 30 days, 3 months, and 6 months, 100% of the endografts remained patent and free from type 1a endoleaks. No adverse renal complications or mortality was reported. CONCLUSIONS: EndoAnchors are an applicable adjunct to EVAR as treatment for short infrarenal neck and pararenal @entity1028 . Further investigations are needed to determine the durability of this novel application.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Preliminary results of adjunctive use of endoanchors in the treatment of short neck and pararenal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['endovascular aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['AAAs', 'abdominal aortic aneurysms']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many modifiable risk factors in early infancy have been shown to be associated with childhood overweight and @entity28 . These risk factors have not been studied within @entity1 of South Asian origin in the UK. The aims of this paper are to describe differences in the prevalence of modifiable risk factors for @entity28 between @entity1 of White British and Pakistani origin and investigate the association between these risk factors and childhood BMI measured at age 3  years. We used data from a sub-study of the Born in Bradford birth cohort with detailed follow-up visits throughout early childhood. 987 @entity1 with a BMI measurement at age 3 were included; 39% were White British, 48% were of Pakistani origin and 13% were of other ethnicities. Linear and Poisson regression models were used to assess the association between risk factors and two outcomes at age 3; BMI z-scores and @entity1 overweight. RESULTS: Compared to Pakistani mothers, White British mothers were more likely to smoke during pregnancy, have higher BMI, breastfeed for a shorter duration and wean earlier, while Pakistani mothers had higher rates of @entity6677 and were less active. There was no strong evidence that the relationship between risk factors and BMI z-score differed by ethnicity. There were associations between BMI z-score and maternal smoking (mean difference in BMI z-score 0.33 (95% CI 0.13, 0.53)), maternal @entity28 (0.37 (0.19, 0.55)), indulgent feeding style (0.15 (-0.06, 0.36)), lower parental warmth scores (0.21 (0.05, 0.36)) and higher parental hostility scores (0.17 (0.01, 0.33)). Consistent associations between these risk factors and @entity1 overweight were found. Mean BMI and the relative risk of being overweight were lower in @entity1 of mothers with lower parental self-efficacy scores and who watched more hours of TV. Other risk factors ( @entity6677 , @entity1 diet, @entity1 sleep, @entity1 TV viewing and maternal physical activity) were not associated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS: Whilst the prevalence of risk factors that have been associated with childhood greater BMI differ between White British and Pakistani the magnitude of their associations with BMI are similar in the two groups.

title: The relationship between early life modifiable risk factors for XXXX , ethnicity and body mass index at age 3  years: findings from the Born in Bradford birth cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity6677 :: ('MESH:D016640', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['childhood obesity', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['childhood obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: SWITCH   is an evidence-based childhood @entity28 prevention program that works through schools to impact parenting practices. The present study was designed as a formative evaluation to test whether an online version of SWITCH   would work equivalently as the established print version. METHODS: Ten elementary schools were matched by socio-economic status and randomly assigned to receive either the print (n   =   5) or online (n   =   5) version. A total of 211 @entity1 from 22, 3(rd) grade classrooms were guided through the 4  month program by a team of program leaders working in cooperation with the classroom teachers. @entity1 were tasked with completing weekly SWITCH   Trackers with their parents to monitor goal setting efforts in showing positive Do (>= 60  minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), View ( <=2  hours of screen time), and Chew (>= 5 servings of fruits and vegetables) behaviors on each day. A total of 91 parents completed a brief survey to assess project-specific interactions with their @entity1 and the impact on their behaviors. RESULTS: The majority of parents (93.2%) reported satisfactory experiences with either the online or print SWITCH   program. The return rate for the SWITCH   Trackers was higher (42.5%        11%) from the print schools compared to the online schools (27.4%        10.9%). District program managers rated the level of teacher engagement in regards to program facilitation and the results showed a higher Trackers return rate in the highly engaged schools (38.5%        13.3%) than the lowly engaged schools (28.6        11.9%). No significant differences were observed in parent/ @entity1 interactions or reported behavior change (ps   >   .05) suggesting the equivalence in intervention effect for print and online versions of the SWITCH   program. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the utility of the online SWITCH   platform but school-based modules are needed to facilitate broader school engagement by classroom teachers and PE teachers.

title: A formative evaluation of the SWITCH   XXXX prevention program: print versus online programming.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) is a common life-threatening illness with significant morbidity and mortality rates. In recent years, the incidence of @entity1211 has gradually increased in Korea. In this study, we evaluated the current trends in the management of acute @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 20-item questionnaire was prepared and sent to 48 members of the Korean Society for Vascular Surgery. Each member worked in a different hospital. Twenty-two members participated in this study. RESULTS: The vascular surgery departments were primarily responsible for managing @entity1150 . Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) venography were chosen as the most common initial diagnostic tools. Eighty-two percent of @entity1 routinely used the coagulation factor assay. Thrombolysis and inferior vena cava (IVC) filter insertion were performed mainly in the radiology departments. Seventy-seven percent of @entity1 performed thrombolysis only if the @entity715 age was less than 21 days. During thrombolysis, IVC filter was routinely inserted by 50% of respondents and removed within 14 days by 64% of respondents. Nearly all @entity1 followed the 2012 American College of Chest Physicians guidelines for anticoagulation therapy. CONCLUSION: The majority of Korean vascular surgeons followed the guidelines. However, CT was frequently used. Thrombolysis and IVC filter insertion were more frequently performed than recommended by the guidelines.

title: Current Trends in the Management of Acute XXXX among Korean Vascular Surgeons.

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thromboembolism', 'VTE']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['Deep Vein Thrombosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The present study analyzed @entity1125 @entity1 registered from 2008 to 2013 in Japan and evaluated the outcomes of @entity1125 . METHODS: A total of 18,606 @entity1 were registered from 2008 to 2013. Cases were analyzed with regard to @entity1 survival according to contiguous extent of the @entity5 ( @entity5 ), node @entity3 , and @entity5 stage using the 3rd English edition of the Japanese General Rules for @entity1125 . RESULTS: Five-year survival rates were 39.8% for @entity1086 , 24.2% for perihilar @entity1126 , 39.1% for @entity1126 , and 61.3% for ampullary region @entity5 . Significant differences were observed between newly introduced subdivisions in the new Japanese classification for all tumoral sites except @entity1086 . The survival rate in @entity1 with #13a @entity3 was significantly higher than in @entity1 with distant lymph node @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The new Japanese classification adopted the 7th edition of staging system developed by the Union for International @entity5 Control staging system. However, numerous aspects of these classification systems remain unvalidated. The present analysis demonstrated the significance of a proportion of @entity5 factor subdivisions and classifications of regional lymph nodes in cases of @entity1086 in the new Japanese classification. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX registry in Japan from 2008 to 2013.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'T', 'cancer', 'primary tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1126 :: ('MESH:D001650', 'Disease') :: ['distal bile duct cancer', 'bile duct cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract cancer', 'Biliary Tract Cancer']

answer: @entity1125 :: (MESH:D001661,Disease) :: ['Biliary tract cancer']


abstract: @entity617 and @entity4545 ( @entity4545 ) are "hormone" therapies for @entity739 . There is limited data on the occurrence of decreased adrenal reserve or signs of clinical @entity1887 after hormone therapy. This is a retrospective medical record review of @entity1 referred to our @entity739 Program. Our standardized @entity739 management guideline began in September 2012 and initially included a post-hormone laboratory assessment of adrenal function. Medical records were assessed for hormone treatments, adrenal function testing, and signs of @entity1887 . Forty-two @entity1 who received one or both hormone therapies met inclusion criteria. A post-hormone laboratory assessment of adrenal function was done in 14 @entity1 . Of these 14 @entity1 , 2 had an abnormal laboratory assessment of adrenal function, both by adrenal stimulation testing   -   one after @entity4545 and one after @entity617 . One @entity1 received @entity701 replacement and the other received stress dose @entity701 as needed; neither @entity1 developed signs of @entity1887 . Another @entity1 treated with both types of hormone therapy in tandem, who did not have a post-hormone laboratory assessment, developed signs of mild @entity1887 and required replacement @entity701 . Our study suggests that adrenal suppression can occur after modern hormone therapy regimens. We found two @entity1 with abnormal adrenal function testing after hormone therapy and another @entity1 with signs @entity1887 . Given the seriousness of @entity774 , caregiver education on the signs of @entity1887 is critical. Greater vigilance may be indicated in @entity1 receiving both types of hormone therapy in tandem. Although a routine post-hormone laboratory assessment of adrenal function may not be feasible in all @entity1 , replacement or stress dose @entity701 is necessary for all @entity1 with suspected @entity1887 .

title: Adrenal Function Testing Following Hormone Therapy for XXXX : Case Series and Review of Literature.

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['ACTH', 'adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity739 :: ('MESH:D013036', 'Disease') :: ['Infantile Spasms', 'infantile spasms']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['Prednisolone', 'prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal crisis']

answer: @entity739 :: (MESH:D013036,Disease) :: ['Infantile Spasms']


abstract: Flagellate green algae possess a visual system, the eyespot. In @entity2060 it is situated at the edge of the chloroplast and consists of two carotenoid rich lipid globule layers subtended by thylakoid membranes (TM) that are attached to both chloroplast envelope membranes and a specialized area of the plasma membrane (PM). A former analysis of an eyespot fraction identified 203 proteins. To increase the understanding of eyespot related processes, knowledge of the protein composition of the membranes in its close vicinity is desirable. Here, we present a purification procedure that allows isolation of intact eyespots. This gain in intactness goes, however, hand in hand with an increase of contaminants from other organelles. Proteomic analysis identified 742 proteins. Novel candidates include proteins for eyespot development, retina-related proteins, ion pumps, and membrane-associated proteins, @entity460 sensing proteins as well as kinases, phosphatases and 14-3-3 proteins. Methylation of proteins at Arg or Lys is known as an important posttranslational modification involved in, e.g., signal transduction. Here, we identify several proteins from eyespot fractions that are methylated at @entity534 and/or Lys. Among them is the eyespot specific @entity71516 protein that influences the size and position of the eyespot and @entity71517 , a protein important for its development.

title: Proteomic Analysis of a Fraction with Intact Eyespots of XXXX and Assignment of Protein Methylation.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2060 :: ('3055', 'Species') :: ['Chlamydomonas reinhardtii']

answer: @entity2060 :: (3055,Species) :: ['Chlamydomonas reinhardtii']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Postoperative @entity16 , including @entity73 , @entity25 , @entity933 , and @entity148 , are the important consequences of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Evidence has shown that postoperative @entity25 is partly due to disturbed @entity2493 secretion in the perioperative period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of @entity2493 on postoperative @entity25 in @entity1 undergoing CABG. METHOD: One hundred forty-five elective CABG @entity1 participated in a randomized double-blind study during the preoperative period. The @entity1 were randomized to receive either 3 mg of @entity2493 or 10 mg of @entity6720 one hour before sleep time. Each group received the medication from 3 days before surgery until the time of discharge. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Groningen Sleep Quality Score (GSQS), and the incidence of @entity933 was evaluated by nursing records. Sleep quality and @entity148 scores were compared before and after surgery through the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and independent t-test were used to compare the sleep and @entity148 scores between the groups. P values  <= 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Totally, 137 @entity1 at a mean age of 60 years completed the study (76% male). The analysis of the data showed that sleep was significantly disturbed after surgery in both groups. The @entity1 in the @entity6720 group demonstrated significantly higher disturbance in their mean postoperative GSQS score than did their counterparts in the @entity2493 group (p value < 0.001). A smaller proportion of the @entity1 experienced @entity933 in the @entity2493 group (0.06%) than in the @entity6720 group (0.12%); however, this difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The result of the present study revealed that @entity2493 improved sleep in post-cardiac surgery @entity1 more than what was observed with @entity6720 . Therefore, @entity2493 may be considered an effective alternative for @entity1245 in the management of postoperative @entity25 .

title: Evaluating the Potential Effect of XXXX on the post-Cardiac Surgery Sleep Disorder.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological injuries']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

entities_list: @entity6720 :: ('MESH:D010076', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxazepam']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['Benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorder', 'sleep disturbance']

answer: @entity2493 :: (MESH:D008550,Chemical) :: ['Melatonin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic use of @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may lead to previously unrecognized adverse events. This study evaluated the incidence of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) and @entity740 ( @entity740 ) in chronic-phase (CP) @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) @entity1 treated with @entity2213 , @entity8947 , and @entity10542 . METHODS: Four hundred sixty-eight newly diagnosed @entity2212 @entity1 treated with TKIs were analyzed. The molecular and cytogenetic response data, @entity1011 , and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were followed from the start of therapy to the last follow-up (median, 52 months). GFR was estimated with the Modification of Diet in @entity8 equation. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 (4%) had TKI-associated @entity810 . @entity2213 was associated with a higher incidence of @entity810 in comparison with @entity8947 and @entity10542 (P   =   .014). Fifty-eight @entity1 (14%) developed @entity740 while they were receiving a TKI; 49 of these @entity1 (84%) did so while they were being treated with @entity2213 (P   <   .001). Besides @entity2213 , age, a history of @entity101 , and @entity6 were also associated with the development of @entity740 . In @entity1 with no @entity740 at the baseline, @entity2213 was shown to reduce GFR over time. Interestingly, @entity2213 did not cause a significant decline in the GFRs of @entity1 with a history of @entity740 . @entity2213 , @entity8947 , and @entity10542 increased the mean GFR after 3 months of treatment, and @entity10542 led with the most significant increase (P   <   .001). @entity810 or @entity740 had no significant impact on overall cytogenetic and molecular response rates or survival. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of TKIs may be safe in the setting of @entity740 in @entity2212 @entity1 , but close monitoring is still warranted. @entity5 2015;121:3894-3904.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

title: Estimated glomerular filtration rate changes in @entity1 with @entity1860 treated with XXXX kinase inhibitors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8947 :: ('MESH:C488369', 'Chemical') :: ['dasatinib']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal Disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity10542 :: ('MESH:C498826', 'Chemical') :: ['nilotinib']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib', 'Imatinib']

answer: @entity4149 :: (D014443,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic use of @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may lead to previously unrecognized adverse events. This study evaluated the incidence of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) and @entity740 ( @entity740 ) in chronic-phase (CP) @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) @entity1 treated with @entity2213 , @entity8947 , and @entity10542 . METHODS: Four hundred sixty-eight newly diagnosed @entity2212 @entity1 treated with TKIs were analyzed. The molecular and cytogenetic response data, @entity1011 , and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were followed from the start of therapy to the last follow-up (median, 52 months). GFR was estimated with the Modification of Diet in @entity8 equation. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 (4%) had TKI-associated @entity810 . @entity2213 was associated with a higher incidence of @entity810 in comparison with @entity8947 and @entity10542 (P   =   .014). Fifty-eight @entity1 (14%) developed @entity740 while they were receiving a TKI; 49 of these @entity1 (84%) did so while they were being treated with @entity2213 (P   <   .001). Besides @entity2213 , age, a history of @entity101 , and @entity6 were also associated with the development of @entity740 . In @entity1 with no @entity740 at the baseline, @entity2213 was shown to reduce GFR over time. Interestingly, @entity2213 did not cause a significant decline in the GFRs of @entity1 with a history of @entity740 . @entity2213 , @entity8947 , and @entity10542 increased the mean GFR after 3 months of treatment, and @entity10542 led with the most significant increase (P   <   .001). @entity810 or @entity740 had no significant impact on overall cytogenetic and molecular response rates or survival. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of TKIs may be safe in the setting of @entity740 in @entity2212 @entity1 , but close monitoring is still warranted. @entity5 2015;121:3894-3904.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

title: Estimated glomerular filtration rate changes in @entity1 with XXXX treated with @entity4149 kinase inhibitors.

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['chronic myeloid leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic use of @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may lead to previously unrecognized adverse events. This study evaluated the incidence of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) and @entity740 ( @entity740 ) in chronic-phase (CP) @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) @entity1 treated with @entity2213 , @entity8947 , and @entity10542 . METHODS: Four hundred sixty-eight newly diagnosed @entity2212 @entity1 treated with TKIs were analyzed. The molecular and cytogenetic response data, @entity1011 , and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were followed from the start of therapy to the last follow-up (median, 52 months). GFR was estimated with the Modification of Diet in @entity8 equation. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 (4%) had TKI-associated @entity810 . @entity2213 was associated with a higher incidence of @entity810 in comparison with @entity8947 and @entity10542 (P   =   .014). Fifty-eight @entity1 (14%) developed @entity740 while they were receiving a TKI; 49 of these @entity1 (84%) did so while they were being treated with @entity2213 (P   <   .001). Besides @entity2213 , age, a history of @entity101 , and @entity6 were also associated with the development of @entity740 . In @entity1 with no @entity740 at the baseline, @entity2213 was shown to reduce GFR over time. Interestingly, @entity2213 did not cause a significant decline in the GFRs of @entity1 with a history of @entity740 . @entity2213 , @entity8947 , and @entity10542 increased the mean GFR after 3 months of treatment, and @entity10542 led with the most significant increase (P   <   .001). @entity810 or @entity740 had no significant impact on overall cytogenetic and molecular response rates or survival. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of TKIs may be safe in the setting of @entity740 in @entity2212 @entity1 , but close monitoring is still warranted. @entity5 2015;121:3894-3904.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

title: Estimated glomerular filtration rate changes in XXXX with @entity1860 treated with @entity4149 kinase inhibitors.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Between 1972 and 1979, forty-six @entity1 underwent endocrine ablative surgery, having failed combinations of chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery (including oophorectomy). All had clinically measurable disease; nearly half were afflicted with @entity158 . Each was judged to be a candidate for the procedure by @entity172 receptor studies (52%), response to L-dopa (39%), or response to prior oophorectomy (8%). All were followed to their death or to the present, with a minimum of 12 months for those alive. Thirty-one (67%) were improved, and disease was arrested in five (11%) for a median time of 13.5 months. There was no difference in response rates or intervals between @entity172 receptor-positive and L-dopa-positive groups. Response was not correlated with disease-free interval or menopausal status. Best results were achieved in those with metastases confined to an organ system, particularly the skeletal complex. The procedure is withheld in those with brain metastases. Postablative chemotherapy appeared to prolong the control interval, though numbers are small. The low morbidity and mortality (one death) of midline adrenaloophorectomy combined with the high incidence of recapture of disease leads us to recommend this procedure in appropriately selected @entity1 who have previously failed other therapeutic modalities.

title: Endocrine ablation in breast cancer XXXX who have failed cytotoxic therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity7051 activation of @entity35 liver plasma membrane @entity1920 cyclase has been examined and compared with the effect of glucagon, Gpp(NH)p and @entity1388 . Glucagon does not stimulate the detergent solubilized enzyme though @entity7051 , @entity1388 , and @entity12831 are effective in this regard. The stimulatory effects of either @entity1388 or @entity7051 are additive with those of @entity3007 and do not require @entity6370 to evoke their activation. Neither @entity1388 nor @entity7051 can substitute for @entity3007 when glucagon is the activator of @entity35 liver adenyl cyclase. The stimulatory effects of either ion on @entity1920 cyclase are additive with that produced by glucagon. Activation of @entity1920 cyclase by either @entity7051 or @entity1388 occurs by a mechanism distinct from that of glucagon or @entity6370 . The data presented her suggest that @entity1388 and @entity7051 may act via in a similar mechanism of action. Neither ion displays a lag in activation of @entity1920 cyclase. The pH profiles of @entity1388 and @entity7051 -stimulated @entity1920 cyclase activity are similar, and distinct from @entity6370 -stimulated activity. Cholera toxin treatment of @entity1920 cyclase blocks @entity1388 and @entity7051 stimulation of the enzyme to the same extent, while enhancing the activation obtained with @entity3007 and hormones.

title: Mechanism of @entity7051 activation of XXXX cyclase.

entities_list: @entity6370 :: ('CHEBI:61292', 'Chemical') :: ['guanyl nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity1920 :: ('CHEBI:16027', 'Chemical') :: ['adenylate']

entities_list: @entity7051 :: ('MESH:C044659', 'Chemical') :: ['Molybdate', 'molybdate']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity1920 :: (CHEBI:16027,Chemical) :: ['adenylate']


abstract: @entity7051 activation of @entity35 liver plasma membrane @entity1920 cyclase has been examined and compared with the effect of glucagon, Gpp(NH)p and @entity1388 . Glucagon does not stimulate the detergent solubilized enzyme though @entity7051 , @entity1388 , and @entity12831 are effective in this regard. The stimulatory effects of either @entity1388 or @entity7051 are additive with those of @entity3007 and do not require @entity6370 to evoke their activation. Neither @entity1388 nor @entity7051 can substitute for @entity3007 when glucagon is the activator of @entity35 liver adenyl cyclase. The stimulatory effects of either ion on @entity1920 cyclase are additive with that produced by glucagon. Activation of @entity1920 cyclase by either @entity7051 or @entity1388 occurs by a mechanism distinct from that of glucagon or @entity6370 . The data presented her suggest that @entity1388 and @entity7051 may act via in a similar mechanism of action. Neither ion displays a lag in activation of @entity1920 cyclase. The pH profiles of @entity1388 and @entity7051 -stimulated @entity1920 cyclase activity are similar, and distinct from @entity6370 -stimulated activity. Cholera toxin treatment of @entity1920 cyclase blocks @entity1388 and @entity7051 stimulation of the enzyme to the same extent, while enhancing the activation obtained with @entity3007 and hormones.

title: Mechanism of XXXX activation of @entity1920 cyclase.

answer: @entity7051 :: (MESH:C044659,Chemical) :: ['molybdate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated the association between the R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score (RNS) and the postoperative recurrence of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a database comprising 91 @entity1 with non-small localized @entity1358 (pT1b-T2b) treated by radical nephrectomy at our hospital from January 2002 to March 2010. RNS was scored based on imaging findings at diagnosis. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to predict @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and to calculate hazard ratio (HR). RESULTS: The median age at operation was 63  years (range, 30-85 years). Postoperative recurrence occurred in 19 @entity1 (21  %). Median RNS sum was 9 (range, 5-11). High RNS sum (10-12) was significantly associated with @entity1349 (P  =  0.0012). Multivariate analysis revealed that high RNS sum [HR, 9.05; 95  % confidence interval (CI), 2.11-63.9; P  =  0.0019] were significantly associated with @entity1349 . Regarding each component of RNS, only the L component, which referred to @entity5 location relative to the polar line, was associated with @entity1349 (HR, 15.0; 95  % CI, 2.68-396; P  =  0.0006). CONCLUSIONS: RNS was associated with @entity1349 in cases of non-small localized @entity1358 (pT1b-2b), thus supporting its utility as a prognostic factor.

title: R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score predicts postoperative recurrence of XXXX treated by radical nephrectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['localized renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'recurrence-free survival']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['localized renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity130 and @entity548 are frequently associated with disruptions of coagulation function (such as @entity130 -induced @entity1003 TIC) and activation of inflammatory cascades. These pathologies may be exacerbated by current standard of care resuscitation protocols. Observational studies suggest early administration of plasma to severely-injured @entity548 @entity1 may correct TIC, minimise @entity32 , and improve survival. The proposed randomised clinical trial will evaluate the clinical effectiveness of pre-hospital plasma administration compared with standard- of-care crystalloid resuscitation in severely-injured @entity1 with major traumatic @entity548 . METHODS/DESIGN: This is a prospective, randomized, open-label, non-blinded trial to determine the effect of pre-hospital administration of thawed plasma (TP) on mortality, morbidity, transfusion requirements, coagulation, and inflammatory response in severely-injured bleeding @entity130 @entity1 . Two hundred and ten eligible adult @entity130 @entity1 will be randomised to receive either two units of plasma, to be administered in-field, vs standard of care normal saline (NS). Main analyses will compare subjects allocated to TP to those allocated to NS, on an intention-to-treat basis. Primary outcome measure is all-cause 30-day mortality. Secondary outcome measures @entity3459 and lipidomic/pro-inflammatory marker responses, volume of resuscitation fluids (crystalloid, colloid) and blood products administered, and major hospital outcomes (e.g. incidence of MSOF, length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay). DISCUSSION: This study is part of a US Department of Defense (DoD)-funded multi-institutional investigation, conducted independently of, but in parallel with, the University of Pittsburgh and University of Denver. Demonstration of significant reductions in mortality and coagulopathic/inflammatory-related morbidities as a result of pre-hospital plasma administration would be of considerable clinical importance for the management of @entity548 in both civilian and military populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02303964 on 28 November 2014.

title: Prehospital use of plasma in XXXX (The PUPTH Trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhaging', 'haemorrhagic shock', 'haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['include coagulation']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['traumatic hemorrhage']


abstract: AIM: @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) require parents to make significant lifestyle changes to accommodate their @entity1 's treatments. We examined the impact of @entity1577 -related caregiving on parents' occupational adjustment and labor supply in terms of organizational changes, presenteeism, and absenteeism. METHODS: Nineteen Italian @entity1577 referral centers joined the LINFA group. We enrolled 168 adolescents with the disease and their parents (n   =   225) in a cross-sectional survey research. @entity1 and their parents answered a self-administered questionnaire ( @entity1 : SF-12, satisfaction with life, MRC @entity1353 scale; parent: caregiver burden scale, short @entity308 -happiness scale, self-rated health, socio-demographic factors). A pediatrician recorded clinical information (pulmonary exacerbations, @entity1577 , treatment, BMI percentile, Fev1 %). RESULTS: @entity1 mean age was 16        2.6 and mean BMI percentile was 42.1        29.1; 92 @entity1 (55%) had FEV1 %   >   80. Mean parents' age was 45.9        5.9 years, and 59% were @entity1 ; 75% of @entity1 and 24% of @entity1 reported to be the primary caregiver. Only 12% had a graduate or post-graduate degree and 56.4% were employed. Approximately 34% of parents reported short @entity308 -happiness scale scores suggestive of clinical @entity308 . Higher caregiving strain was associated with increased likelihood of changing job, work shift schedule, or giving up career opportunities in order to fulfill their caregiving role and increased productivity losses due to family leaves and presenteeism. CONCLUSION: Caregiving burden is a relevant and frequent issue among parents of adolescent @entity1 with @entity1577 . We showed that the humanistic and vocational impact of caring for young @entity1 with the disease is striking and demands health-care and welfare supportive actions. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:243-252.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Caregiver burden and vocational participation among parents of adolescents with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'child', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['Cystic fibrosis', 'CF-related complications', 'CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['CF']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Older @entity71518 with a @entity16098 substitution have been demonstrated to cause deleterious effects on lipid metabolism profile, as well as frequent @entity2753 . The aim of our study is to assess the effects of @entity13953 , a novel AED, on lipid metabolism profile, @entity1372 values and liver function tests, as well as to compare them with previous effects of @entity2049 and @entity2051 . METHODS: This report describes a retrospective cohort study of 108 @entity1 who were treated with @entity23100 . Of these @entity1 , 52% had switched to @entity23100 from prior treatment with @entity2049 or @entity2051 . Laboratory values concerning lipid metabolism profile, liver function tests and @entity1372 were assessed before and after beginning/switching treatment. @entity1 who began treatment or whose treatment for @entity2299 was modified during the study period were excluded from the analysis. Co-medications that could impact lipid metabolism profile, @entity1372 or hepatic function were kept stable during the study period. RESULTS: The mean total @entity165 of the entire group decreased significantly from prior pathological to normal values after beginning/switching treatment. The percentage of @entity1 with pathological values decreased. @entity1 switching from prior @entity16098 also showed significant reductions in mean LDL and @entity1674 . @entity1 beginning treatment without prior @entity16098 did not develop @entity2299 after titration. A tendency for an increased percentage of @entity1 with @entity2753 was detected in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with older @entity16098 , @entity13953 exhibits a safer profile related to lipid metabolism. No relevant changes were detected in liver function tests. Consequently, a vascular risk factor could be avoided in @entity1 with @entity302 , while @entity2753 still needs to be ruled out. Prospective studies are still needed.

title: Assessing long-term effects of XXXX on lipid metabolism profile, @entity1372 values and liver function tests.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2051 :: ('MESH:C036006', 'Chemical') :: ['oxcarbazepine']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity16098 :: ('CHEBI:37622', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxamides', 'carboxamide']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity71518 :: ('MESH:D003984', 'Chemical') :: ['dibenzazepines']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['chronic epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity13953 :: ('MESH:C416835', 'Chemical') :: ['eslicarbazepine acetate']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity23100 :: ('MESH:C571001', 'Chemical') :: ['eslicarbazepine']

answer: @entity13953 :: (MESH:C416835,Chemical) :: ['eslicarbazepine acetate']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Older @entity71518 with a @entity16098 substitution have been demonstrated to cause deleterious effects on lipid metabolism profile, as well as frequent @entity2753 . The aim of our study is to assess the effects of @entity13953 , a novel AED, on lipid metabolism profile, @entity1372 values and liver function tests, as well as to compare them with previous effects of @entity2049 and @entity2051 . METHODS: This report describes a retrospective cohort study of 108 @entity1 who were treated with @entity23100 . Of these @entity1 , 52% had switched to @entity23100 from prior treatment with @entity2049 or @entity2051 . Laboratory values concerning lipid metabolism profile, liver function tests and @entity1372 were assessed before and after beginning/switching treatment. @entity1 who began treatment or whose treatment for @entity2299 was modified during the study period were excluded from the analysis. Co-medications that could impact lipid metabolism profile, @entity1372 or hepatic function were kept stable during the study period. RESULTS: The mean total @entity165 of the entire group decreased significantly from prior pathological to normal values after beginning/switching treatment. The percentage of @entity1 with pathological values decreased. @entity1 switching from prior @entity16098 also showed significant reductions in mean LDL and @entity1674 . @entity1 beginning treatment without prior @entity16098 did not develop @entity2299 after titration. A tendency for an increased percentage of @entity1 with @entity2753 was detected in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with older @entity16098 , @entity13953 exhibits a safer profile related to lipid metabolism. No relevant changes were detected in liver function tests. Consequently, a vascular risk factor could be avoided in @entity1 with @entity302 , while @entity2753 still needs to be ruled out. Prospective studies are still needed.

title: Assessing long-term effects of @entity13953 on lipid metabolism profile, XXXX values and liver function tests.

answer: @entity1372 :: (MESH:D012964,Chemical) :: ['sodium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the association between @entity3087 ( @entity3087 ) and mode of delivery and to calculate the risks of @entity3087 comparing caesarean delivery and operative vaginal delivery to normal vaginal delivery 15-23 years after childbirth. A subgroup analysis comparing forceps and vacuum delivery was planned. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Postal questionnaire. POPULATION: 1641 (53%) of 3115 @entity1 who delivered their first @entity1 in Trondheim, Norway, between January 1990 and December 1997. METHODS: A questionnaire including questions on symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse, @entity322 and surgery for these conditions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of @entity3087 measured by symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse or surgery (sPOP), @entity322 or surgery (UI) and @entity1241 or surgery (FI). RESULTS: When caesarean delivery was compared to normal vaginal delivery the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for sPOP was 0.42 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.21-0.86) and the aOR for UI was 0.65 (95% CI 0.46-0.92). Operative vaginal delivery was associated with increased risk of sPOP (aOR 1.73, 95% CI 1.21-2.48) and FI (aOR 1.96, 95% CI 1.26-3.06) when compared with normal vaginal delivery. There were no differences in sPOP, UI or FI in a subgroup analysis comparing forceps and vacuum delivery. CONCLUSIONS: Caesarean delivery was associated with decreased risk and operative vaginal delivery with increased risk of @entity3087 15-23 years after first delivery, but there were no differences between forceps and vacuum delivery.

title: Pelvic organ prolapse and XXXX 15-23 years after first delivery: a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary and fecal incontinence', 'urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3087 :: ('MESH:D059952', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic floor dysfunction', 'PFD']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2857 , an oral multikinase inhibitor, is the proved therapy method for @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ). Based on heat delivery, Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been found to achieve @entity39 . It is the most widely performed percutaneous therapy for @entity157 . However, Study associated combined @entity2857 with RFA therapy for @entity1 with advanced @entity157 has never been reported. The aim of present study is to explore the efficacy and safety of @entity2857 combined with RFA therapy for the @entity1 with medium-sized @entity157 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 62 @entity1 diagnosed as @entity157 were involved in this study. All @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity2857 and RFA (n=30) or RFA-alone (n=32) treatment groups. Treatment outcomes, including recurrence rates, @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) and adverse reactions induced by @entity2857 were observed and recorded to assess the efficacy and safety of the combination method. RESULTS: During the overall follow-up period, the recurrence rate of the combination subgroup was 56.7% (17/30), and that of the RFA-alone subgroup was 87.5% (28/32) (p < 0.01). The median @entity1054 was 17.0 months in the combination therapy vs. 6.1 months in the RFA-alone (p < 0.05). Hand-foot skin reactions were reported by 83.3% (25/30) of @entity1 and 46.7% (14/30) reported @entity294 while the most adverse events (AEs) were mild to moderate in the combination subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2857 combined with RFA significantly decreased recurrence rates and prolonged the survival time of medium-sized @entity157 @entity1 . The combination therapy is safer and more effective than the control without unexpected side effects. Furthermore, the earlier application, the better results were.

title: XXXX combined with percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of medium-sized @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['complete neoplasm necrosis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib', 'Sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'advanced hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

answer: @entity2857 :: (MESH:C471405,Chemical) :: ['Sorafenib']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2857 , an oral multikinase inhibitor, is the proved therapy method for @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ). Based on heat delivery, Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been found to achieve @entity39 . It is the most widely performed percutaneous therapy for @entity157 . However, Study associated combined @entity2857 with RFA therapy for @entity1 with advanced @entity157 has never been reported. The aim of present study is to explore the efficacy and safety of @entity2857 combined with RFA therapy for the @entity1 with medium-sized @entity157 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 62 @entity1 diagnosed as @entity157 were involved in this study. All @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity2857 and RFA (n=30) or RFA-alone (n=32) treatment groups. Treatment outcomes, including recurrence rates, @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) and adverse reactions induced by @entity2857 were observed and recorded to assess the efficacy and safety of the combination method. RESULTS: During the overall follow-up period, the recurrence rate of the combination subgroup was 56.7% (17/30), and that of the RFA-alone subgroup was 87.5% (28/32) (p < 0.01). The median @entity1054 was 17.0 months in the combination therapy vs. 6.1 months in the RFA-alone (p < 0.05). Hand-foot skin reactions were reported by 83.3% (25/30) of @entity1 and 46.7% (14/30) reported @entity294 while the most adverse events (AEs) were mild to moderate in the combination subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2857 combined with RFA significantly decreased recurrence rates and prolonged the survival time of medium-sized @entity157 @entity1 . The combination therapy is safer and more effective than the control without unexpected side effects. Furthermore, the earlier application, the better results were.

title: @entity2857 combined with percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of medium-sized XXXX .

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate oncological outcomes based on bladder cuff excision (BCE) during radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract @entity189 (UTUC) and to provide clinical evidence of @entity5 recurrence in @entity1 without BCE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively collected data of 372 consecutive @entity1 who underwent RNU at our institution from May 1989 through October 2010. After excluding some data, we reviewed 336 @entity1 for the analysis. RESULTS: Of the @entity1 who underwent RNU with BCE (n=279, 83.0%) and without BCE (n=57, 17.0%), @entity1 without BCE had poorer @entity5 -specific and overall survival rates. Among 57 @entity1 without BCE, 35 (61.4%) experienced @entity5 recurrence. Recurrence at the remnant ureter resulted in poor oncological outcomes compared to those in @entity1 with @entity1494 , but better outcomes were observed compared to recurrence at other sites. No significant predictors for @entity5 recurrence at the remnant ureter were identified. In @entity1 without BCE, pathological T stage [hazard ratio (HR), 5.73] and @entity3 (HR, 3.65) were independent predictors of @entity5 -specific survival, whereas age (HR, 1.04), pathological T stage (HR, 5.11), and positive @entity5 margin (HR, 6.50) were independent predictors of overall survival. CONCLUSION: @entity1 without BCE had poorer overall and @entity5 -specific survival after RNU than those with BCE. Most of these @entity1 experienced @entity5 recurrence at the remnant ureter and other sites. @entity1 with non-organ confined UTUC after RNU without BCE may be considered for adjuvant chemotherapy with careful follow-up.

title: The Characteristics of Recurrent Upper Tract XXXX after Radical Nephroureterectomy without Bladder Cuff Excision.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder recurrence']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['lymphovascular invasion']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Urothelial Carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prenatal @entity285 exposure (PAE) is associated with alterations in numerous physiological systems, including the stress and immune systems. We have previously shown that PAE increases the course and severity of @entity625 in an @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) model. While the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully known, changes in neural gene expression are emerging as important factors in the etiology of PAE effects. As the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC) play key roles in neuroimmune function, PAE-induced alterations to their transcriptome may underlie abnormal steady-state functions and responses to immune challenge. This study examined brains from adult PAE and control females from our recent @entity1753 study to determine whether PAE causes long-term alterations in gene expression and whether these mediate the altered severity and course of @entity625 in PAE females. METHODS: Adult females from PAE, pair-fed (PF), and ad libitum-fed control (C) groups were injected with either saline or complete Freund's adjuvant. Animals were terminated at the peak of @entity32 or during resolution (Days 16 and 39 postinjection, respectively); cohorts of saline-injected PAE, PF, and C females were terminated in parallel. Gene expression was analyzed in the PFC and HPC using whole-genome mRNA expression microarrays. RESULTS: Significant changes in gene expression in both the PFC and HPC were found in PAE compared to controls in response to @entity1068 exposure alone (saline-injected females), including genes involved in neurodevelopment, apoptosis, and energy metabolism. Moreover, in response to @entity32 (adjuvant-injected females), PAE animals showed unique expression patterns, while failing to exhibit the activation of genes and regulators involved in the immune response observed in control and pair-fed animals. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that PAE affects neuroimmune function at the level of gene expression, demonstrating long-term effects of PAE on the central nervous system response under steady-state conditions and following an inflammatory insult.

title: Prenatal XXXX exposure alters steady-state and activated gene expression in the adult rat brain.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['adjuvant-induced arthritis', 'AA']

answer: @entity285 :: (D000431,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extracranial @entity4066 is an important cause of @entity64 , especially in young @entity1 . In some observational studies it has been associated with a high risk of recurrent @entity64 . Both antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulant drugs are used to reduce risk of @entity64 but whether one treatment strategy is more effective than the other is unknown. We compared their efficacy in the Cervical @entity4066 in @entity64 Study (CADISS), with the additional aim of establishing the true risk of recurrent @entity64 . METHODS: We did this randomised trial at hospitals with specialised @entity64 or neurology services (39 in the UK and seven in Australia). We included @entity1 with extracranial carotid and vertebral dissection with onset of symptoms within the past 7 days. @entity1 were randomly assigned (1:1) by an automated telephone randomisation service to receive antiplatelet drugs or anticoagulant drugs (specific treatment decided by the local clinician) for 3 months. @entity1 and clinicians were not masked to allocation, but investigators assessing endpoints were. The primary endpoint was @entity64 or @entity204 in the intention-to-treat population. The trial was registered with EUDract (2006-002827-18) and ISRN (CTN44555237). FINDINGS: We enrolled 250 @entity1 (118 carotid, 132 vertebral). Mean time to randomisation was 3  65 days (SD 1  91). The major presenting symptoms were @entity64 or transient ischaemic attack (n=224) and local symptoms ( @entity10 , @entity4048 , or @entity4820 ; n=26). 126 @entity1 were assigned to antiplatelet treatment versus 124 to anticoagulant treatment. Overall, four (2%) of 250 @entity1 had @entity64 recurrence (all ipsilateral). @entity64 or @entity204 occurred in three (2%) of 126 @entity1 versus one (1%) of 124 (odds ratio [OR] 0  335, 95% CI 0  006-4  233; p=0  63). There were no deaths, but one major @entity548 ( @entity510 ) in the anticoagulant group. Central review of imaging failed to confirm dissection in 52 @entity1 . Preplanned per-protocol analysis excluding these @entity1 showed @entity64 or @entity204 in three (3%) of 101 @entity1 in the antiplatelet group versus one (1%) of 96 @entity1 in the anticoagulant group (OR 0  346, 95% CI 0  006-4  390; p=0  66). INTERPRETATION: We found no difference in efficacy of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs at preventing @entity64 and @entity204 in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity4066 but @entity64 was rare in both groups, and much rarer than reported in some observational studies. Diagnosis of dissection was not confirmed after review in many cases, suggesting that radiographic criteria are not always correctly applied in routine clinical practice. FUNDING: @entity64 Association.

title: Antiplatelet treatment compared with anticoagulation treatment for cervical XXXX (CADISS): a randomised trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral stroke', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity4820 :: ('MESH:D006732', 'Disease') :: ["Horner's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity4066 :: ('MESH:D020217', 'Disease') :: ['carotid and vertebral artery dissection', 'Artery Dissection']

answer: @entity4066 :: (MESH:D020217,Disease) :: ['artery dissection']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Long-term magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) follow-up studies regarding cryptogenic nonperimesencephalic @entity510 (nSAH) are scarce. This single-centre study identified all @entity1 with angiographically verified cryptogenic nSAH from 1998 to 2007: The two main objectives were to prospectively assess the incidence of de novo @entity439 with 3.0-MRI years after cryptogenic nSAH in @entity1 without evidence for further @entity548 , and retrospectively assess @entity1 demographics and outcome. METHODS: From prospectively maintained report databases all @entity1 with angiographically verified cryptogenic nSAH were identified. 21 of 29 @entity1 received high-resolution 3T-MRI including time-of-flight and contrast-enhanced angiography, 10.2    2.8 years after cryptogenic nSAH. MRA follow-up imaging was compared with initial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and CT/MRA. Post- @entity548 images were related to current MRI with reference to persistent lesions resulting from delayed @entity2806 (DCI) and post-hemorrhagic @entity27791 . @entity1 -based objectives were retrospectively abstracted from clinical databases. RESULTS: 29 @entity1 were identified with cryptogenic nSAH, 17 (59%) were male. Mean age at time of @entity548 was 52.9    14.4 years (range 4 - 74 years). 21 @entity1 were available for long-term follow-up. In these, there were 213.5 @entity1 years of MRI-follow-up. No de novo @entity439 was detected. Mean modified Rankin Scale (mRS) during discharge was 1.28. Post- @entity548 radiographic @entity2553 was found in three @entity1 (10.3%); DCI-related lesions occurred in one @entity1 (3.4%). Five @entity1 (17.2%) needed temporary external ventricular drainage; long-term CSF shunt dependency was necessary only in one @entity1 (3.4%). Initial DSA retrospectively showed a 2 x 2 mm @entity439 of the right distal ICA in one @entity1 , which remained stable. Post- @entity548 @entity27791 was detected 8.1 years after the initial @entity548 in one @entity1 (4.8%). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with cryptogenic nSAH have favourable outcomes and do not exhibit higher risks for de novo @entity439 . Therefore the need for long-term follow up after cryptogenic nSAH is questionable.

title: MR Angiography Follow-Up 10 Years after Cryptogenic Nonperimesencephalic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'person', 'Patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1786 is perceived following binding to endoplasmic reticulum-localized receptors, which in @entity958 , include @entity58381 , @entity71519 , @entity63190 , @entity71520 , and @entity71521 . These receptors fall into two subfamilies based on conservation of features within their @entity3793 kinase domain. Subfamily 1 contains @entity58381 and @entity71519 whereas subfamily 2 contains @entity63190 , @entity71520 , and @entity71521 . Because @entity1786 receptors are found only in plants, this raises questions of when each receptor evolved. Here it is shown that subfamily 1 receptors encoded by a multigene family are present in all charophytes examined, these being most homologous to @entity58381 based on their evolutionary relationship as well as containing @entity3793 kinase and receiver domains. In charophytes and @entity17573 , one or more gene family members contain the intron characteristic of subfamily 2 genes, indicating the first step in subfamily 2 receptor evolution. @entity71519 homologs appear in basal angiosperm species after @entity69021 and, in some early and basal angiosperm species and monocots in general, it is the only subfamily 1 receptor present. Distinct @entity63190 and @entity71520 homologs appear only in core eudicots and @entity71521 homologs appear only in the Brassicaceae, suggesting it is the most recent receptor to evolve. These findings show that a subfamily 1 receptor had evolved and a subfamily 2 receptor had begun to evolve in plants prior to the colonization of land and only these two existed up to the appearance of the first basal angiosperm. The appearance of @entity71521 in the Brassicaceae suggests ongoing evolution of the @entity1786 receptor family.

title: Appearance and elaboration of the XXXX receptor family during land plant evolution.

entities_list: @entity69021 :: ('13333', 'Species') :: ['Amborella trichopoda']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity17573 :: ('3218', 'Species') :: ['Physcomitrella patens']

entities_list: @entity1786 :: ('MESH:C036216', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylene', 'Ethylene']

answer: @entity1786 :: (MESH:C036216,Chemical) :: ['ethylene']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The goal of this study is to validate a new, continuous, noninvasive @entity64 volume (SV) method, known as transbrachial electrical bioimpedance velocimetry ( @entity27921 ). @entity27921 SV was compared to SV obtained by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) in normal @entity1 devoid of clinically apparent @entity299 . Thirty-two (32) volunteers were enrolled in the study. Each subject was evaluated by echocardiography to assure that no aortic or @entity339 was present. Subsequently, each subject underwent electrical interrogation of the brachial artery by means of a high frequency, low amplitude alternating current. A first @entity27921 SV estimate was obtained. Immediately after the initial @entity27921 study, subjects underwent cMRI, using steady-state precession imaging to obtain a volumetric estimate of SV. Following cMRI, the @entity27921 SV study was repeated. Comparing the cMRI-derived SV to that of @entity27921 , the two @entity27921 estimates were averaged and compared to the cMRI standard. CO was computed as the product of SV and heart rate. Statistical methods consisted of Bland-Altman and linear regression analysis. @entity27921 SV and CO estimates were obtained in 30 of the 32 subjects enrolled. Bland-Altman analysis of pre- and post-cMRI @entity27921 SV showed a mean bias of 2.87 % (2.05  mL), precision of 13.59  % (11.99  mL) and 95  % limits of agreement (LOA) of +29.51  % (25.55  mL) and -23.77  % (-21.45  mL). Regression analysis for pre- and post-cMRI @entity27921 SV values yielded y  =  0.76x  +  25.1 and r(2)  =  0.71 (r  =  0.84). Bland-Altman analysis comparing cMRI SV with averaged @entity27921 SV showed a mean bias of -1.56  % (-1.53  mL), precision of 13.47  % (12.84  mL), 95  % LOA of +24.85  % (+23.64  mL) and -27.97  % (-26.7  mL) and percent error  =  26.2  %. For correlation analysis, the regression equation was y  =  0.82x  +  19.1 and correlation coefficient r(2)  =  0.61 (r  =  0.78). Bland-Altman analysis of averaged pre- and post-cMRI @entity27921 CO versus cMRI CO yielded a mean bias of 5.01  % (0.32  L  min(-1)), precision of 12.85  % (0.77  L  min(-1)), 95  % LOA of +30.20  % (+0.1.83  L  min(-1)) and -20.7  % (-1.19  L  min(-1)) and percent error  =  24.8  %. Regression analysis yielded y  =  0.92x  +  0.78, correlation coefficient r(2)  =  0.74 (r  =  0.86). @entity27921 is a novel, noninvasive method, which provides satisfactory estimates of SV and CO in normal @entity1 .

title: Validation of XXXX volume and cardiac output by electrical interrogation of the brachial artery in normals: assessment of strengths, limitations, and sources of error.

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity25 @entity1353 is associated with major morbidity and mortality. However, its prevalence has mainly been selectively studied in populations at risk for @entity65 . Taking into account improvements in recording techniques and new criteria used to define respiratory events, we aimed to assess the prevalence of @entity25 @entity1353 and associated clinical features in a large population-based sample. METHODS: Between Sept 1, 2009, and June 30, 2013, we did a population-based study (HypnoLaus) in Lausanne, Switzerland. We invited a cohort of 3043 consecutive @entity1 of the CoLaus/PsyCoLaus study to take part. Polysomnography data from 2121 @entity1 were included in the final analysis. 1024 (48%) @entity1 were @entity1 , with a median age of 57 years (IQR 49-68, range 40-85) and mean body-mass index (BMI) of 25  6 kg/m(2) (SD 4  1). @entity1 underwent complete polysomnographic recordings at home and had extensive phenotyping for @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity209 , and @entity308 . The primary outcome was prevalence of @entity25 @entity1353 , assessed by the apnoea-hypopnoea index. FINDINGS: The median apnoea-hypopnoea index was 6  9 events per h (IQR 2  7-14  1) in @entity1 and 14  9 per h (7  2-27  1) in @entity1 . The prevalence of moderate-to-severe @entity25 @entity1353 (>= 15 events per h) was 23  4% (95% CI 20  9-26  0) in @entity1 and 49  7% (46  6-52  8) in @entity1 . After multivariable adjustment, the upper quartile for the apnoea-hypopnoea index (>20  6 events per h) was associated independently with the presence of @entity101 (odds ratio 1  60, 95% CI 1  14-2  26; p=0  0292 for trend across severity quartiles), @entity6 (2  00, 1  05-3  99; p=0  0467), @entity209 (2  80, 1  86-4  29; p<0  0001), and @entity308 (1  92, 1  01-3  64; p=0  0292). INTERPRETATION: The high prevalence of @entity25 @entity1353 recorded in our population-based sample might be attributable to the increased sensitivity of current recording techniques and scoring criteria. These results suggest that @entity25 @entity1353 is highly prevalent, with important public health outcomes, and that the @entity74 should be revised. FUNDING: Faculty of Biology and Medicine of Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital, Swiss National Science Foundation, Leenaards Foundation, GlaxoSmithKline, Ligue Pulmonaire Vaudoise.

title: Prevalence of XXXX @entity1353 in the general population: the HypnoLaus study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['definition of the disorder']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['sleep-disordered breathing or cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep-disordered', 'Sleep-disordered']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['sleep-disordered']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity25 @entity1353 is associated with major morbidity and mortality. However, its prevalence has mainly been selectively studied in populations at risk for @entity65 . Taking into account improvements in recording techniques and new criteria used to define respiratory events, we aimed to assess the prevalence of @entity25 @entity1353 and associated clinical features in a large population-based sample. METHODS: Between Sept 1, 2009, and June 30, 2013, we did a population-based study (HypnoLaus) in Lausanne, Switzerland. We invited a cohort of 3043 consecutive @entity1 of the CoLaus/PsyCoLaus study to take part. Polysomnography data from 2121 @entity1 were included in the final analysis. 1024 (48%) @entity1 were @entity1 , with a median age of 57 years (IQR 49-68, range 40-85) and mean body-mass index (BMI) of 25  6 kg/m(2) (SD 4  1). @entity1 underwent complete polysomnographic recordings at home and had extensive phenotyping for @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity209 , and @entity308 . The primary outcome was prevalence of @entity25 @entity1353 , assessed by the apnoea-hypopnoea index. FINDINGS: The median apnoea-hypopnoea index was 6  9 events per h (IQR 2  7-14  1) in @entity1 and 14  9 per h (7  2-27  1) in @entity1 . The prevalence of moderate-to-severe @entity25 @entity1353 (>= 15 events per h) was 23  4% (95% CI 20  9-26  0) in @entity1 and 49  7% (46  6-52  8) in @entity1 . After multivariable adjustment, the upper quartile for the apnoea-hypopnoea index (>20  6 events per h) was associated independently with the presence of @entity101 (odds ratio 1  60, 95% CI 1  14-2  26; p=0  0292 for trend across severity quartiles), @entity6 (2  00, 1  05-3  99; p=0  0467), @entity209 (2  80, 1  86-4  29; p<0  0001), and @entity308 (1  92, 1  01-3  64; p=0  0292). INTERPRETATION: The high prevalence of @entity25 @entity1353 recorded in our population-based sample might be attributable to the increased sensitivity of current recording techniques and scoring criteria. These results suggest that @entity25 @entity1353 is highly prevalent, with important public health outcomes, and that the @entity74 should be revised. FUNDING: Faculty of Biology and Medicine of Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital, Swiss National Science Foundation, Leenaards Foundation, GlaxoSmithKline, Ligue Pulmonaire Vaudoise.

title: Prevalence of @entity25 XXXX in the general population: the HypnoLaus study.

answer: @entity1353 :: (MESH:D004417,Disease) :: ['breathing']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent years have seen a significant increase in the reports of atypical antipsychotic diversion, misuse and even dependency syndrome. These reports have arisen amidst a marked increase in prescribing of these agents. Much of this increase in prescribing is because of a preferential use of these medications over typical antipsychotic agents to treat @entity161 and @entity162 due to perceptions of fewer extrapyramidal side effects. However, there has also been a significant increase in the off-label prescribing of these medicines to treat less well evidence-based conditions. Misuse and abuse are perhaps surprising given the putative central role of @entity935 in addiction and that these agents are @entity935 antagonists. However, there may be other factors such as other pharmacological effects and increasing availability driving this misuse. It is also apparent that certain @entity1 groups appear to be more at risk. Here, we explore the evidence behind the misuse of atypical antipsychotics with a focus of @entity1089 . We consider the factors that may be driving this misuse, and then, we also detail some of the adverse effects that may ensue. We end by suggesting interventions at a prescriber and systems level that may be implemented to reduce the risk of atypical antipsychotic misuse.

title: Misuse and Associated Harms of XXXX and Other Atypical Antipsychotics.

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine']

answer: @entity1089 :: (MESH:C069541,Chemical) :: ['Quetiapine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with huge @entity157 >10  cm in diameter represent a special subgroup for treatment. To date, there are few data and little consensus on treatment strategies for huge @entity157 . In this study, we summarized the effects and safety of transarterial chemoembolization for huge @entity157 . A retrospective study was performed based on a large cohort of @entity1 (n  =  511) with huge @entity157 who underwent serial transarterial chemoembolization between January 2008 to December 2011 and were followed up until March 2013. We found median survival time was 6.5  months. On multivariate analysis, @entity1 -Pugh class (A versus B) (p  <  0.0001), @entity160 ( <=400    g/L) (p  =  0.002), Barcelona Clinic @entity96 stage (B versus C) (p  =  0.013), and other treatments after transarterial chemoembolization such as surgical resection (p  =  0.008), radiation (p  =  0.018), and local radiofrequency ablation (p  =  0.002) were factors significantly associated with better  overall @entity1 survival after chemoembolization. Twenty-nine percent of these @entity1 showed a @entity5 response after serial transarterial chemoembolization. Severe complications were few (4.9  %), including @entity751 (n  =  3), @entity5 rupture (n  =  3), @entity360 (n  =  4), @entity1150 (n  =  3), acute @entity2679 (n  =  4), femoral @entity2849 (n  =  1), acute @entity788 (n  =  1), and @entity879 (n  =  6). In conclusion, transarterial chemoembolization is a safe and effective treatment for selected @entity1 with huge @entity157 and is recommended as a component of combination therapy. In addition, @entity1 with good liver function and low @entity160 levels may acquire greater survival benefits from transarterial chemoembolization.

title: Transarterial chemoembolization for huge XXXX with diameter over ten centimeters: a large cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['Liver Cancer']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['oncolytic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['artery pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: The effect of a new psychostimulant, mesocarb was determined on the in vitro uptake of biogenic @entity4478 into synaptosomes prepared from whole @entity35 brain and various cerebral regions. @entity4944 was also examined as reference compound. On the other hand, the effects of mesocarb and @entity4944 were compared in vivo on the uptake of @entity2661 (CA) using an indirect method based on the inhibiton of cerebral CA depletion caused by intraventricularly injected @entity2955 ( @entity2955 ). Mesocarb was found to block the synaptosomal uptake of @entity935 (DA) in the striatum and whole brain more effectively than @entity4944 , but inhibited the @entity1063 (NA) uptake into hypothalamus much less than @entity4944 . The effect of mesocarb on @entity750 ( @entity750 ) uptake was not significant, similarly as that of @entity4944 . On the other hand, mesocarb inhibited the decrease of brain DA levels but had no protecting effect against NA depletion caused by @entity2955 , in vivo. @entity4944 dose-dependently inhibited NA depletion caused by @entity2955 but did not inhibit DA depletion. These findings indicate that mesocarb is a specific inhibitor of in vitro synaptosomal CA uptake, with an activity for striatal and whole brain DA uptake blockade much higher than that of @entity4944 . The results also show that mesocarb is a selective inhibitor of DA uptake in vivo, in contrast to @entity4944 , which preferentially blocks the uptake of NA in the brain. This difference may presumably be responsible for the different psychostimulatory action of the two compounds.

title: Inhibition of XXXX uptake by a new psychostimulant mesocarb (Sydnocarb).

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5HT', '5-hydroxytryptamine']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine', 'Amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine', '6-OHDA']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The long-term morbidity associated with treating @entity1442 can be significant. @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) has established oncologic efficacy in treating @entity2971 with minimal long-term @entity137 . We describe our experience with @entity1600 as a front-line treatment of lymph node-positive @entity4797 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed our institutional review board-approved @entity5 database to find the @entity1 with pure @entity4797 and isolated @entity1600 who had undergone primary @entity1600 . The clinical and pathologic variables were obtained. The follow-up data were used to determine recurrence and @entity204 . RESULTS: Four @entity1 with a mean age of 37 years were identified. All @entity1 had normal @entity5 markers and @entity3329 measuring 1.1, 1.5, 1.8, and 5.5 cm before @entity1600 . Of the 4 @entity1 , 3 had had @entity4797 diagnosed at orchiectomy and 1 (with a 5.5-cm @entity3329 and a burned out primary testicular mass) had had @entity4797 diagnosed at @entity1600 after 2 nondiagnostic retroperitoneal biopsies. All @entity1 had undergone nerve-sparing, template, extraperitoneal @entity1600 and were discharged home after 3 days. An average of 3 positive lymph nodes were found. Of the 4 @entity1 , 3 had pathologic stage IIA and 1 stage IIB disease, with no @entity1 undergoing adjuvant therapy. At a mean follow-up period of 25 months, no @entity1 had experienced disease recurrence, and none had died. All @entity1 maintained antegrade ejaculation, and no long-term complications had developed. CONCLUSION: Our small series has demonstrated encouraging oncologic efficacy for @entity1600 as a primary treatment of retroperitoneal lymph node-positive @entity4797 . A multi-institutional phase II trial of @entity1600 for stage @entity4797 is being developed.

title: Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection as First-Line Treatment of Node-Positive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'testicular cancer']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['RPLND', 'Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection', 'retroperitoneal lymph node disease']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced seminoma']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['IIA seminoma', 'seminoma']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['Seminoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: According to epidemiological and experimental studies, inhalation of nanoparticles is commonly believed as a main trigger for several @entity358 and @entity358 . Concerning the transport and deposition of such nano-scale particles in the different structures of the @entity1 lungs, some essential questions are still in need of a clarification. Therefore, main objective of the study was the simulation of nanoparticle deposition in the alveolar region of the @entity1 respiratory tract (HRT). METHODS: Respective factors describing the aerodynamic behavior of spherical and non-spherical particles in the inhaled air stream (i.e., Cunningham slip correction factors, dynamic shape factors, equivalent-volume diameters, aerodynamic diameters) were computed. Alveolar deposition of diverse nanomaterials according to several known mechanisms, among which Brownian diffusion and sedimentation play a superior role, was approximated by the use of empirical and analytical formulae. Deposition calculations were conducted with a currently developed program, termed NANODEP, which allows the variation of numerous input parameters with regard to particle geometry, lung morphometry, and aerosol inhalation. RESULTS: Generally, alveolar deposition of nanoparticles concerned for this study varies between 0.1% and 12.4% during sitting @entity1353 and between 2.0% and 20.1% during heavy-exercise @entity1353 . @entity31627 particles (e.g., nanotubes) exhibit a significant increase in deposition, when their aspect ratio is enhanced. In contrast, deposition of oblate particles (e.g., nanoplatelets) is remarkably declined with any reduction of the aspect ratio. CONCLUSIONS: The study clearly demonstrates that alveolar deposition of nanoparticles represents a topic certainly being of superior interest for physicists and respiratory physicians in future.

title: A computer model for the simulation of nanoparticle deposition in the alveolar structures of the XXXX lungs.

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary dysfunctions', 'lung diseases']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']