abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the causes and factors influencing maternal mortality. All maternal deaths occurring between January 2007 and November 2013 in the Elazig Province of @entity233 were retrospectively investigated. The maternal age, obstetric history, cause of @entity204 , encountered delay model of each case, as well as the overall number of annual live births in the Province were determined. The information of cases was obtained from Directorate of Public Health and hospital records.   Families or family doctors were also interviewed to obtain details about the circumstances surrounding each @entity204 . There were a total of 64,423 live births in the Province of Elazig between 2007- 2013. The number and ratio of maternal deaths due to direct and indirect causes were 12 and 18.6, respectively. The direct causes of maternal @entity204 were @entity101 diseases of pregnancy (n=5, 41.7%), @entity548 (n=3, 25%) and @entity1151 (n=1, 8.3%). The indirect causes of @entity204 were @entity299 (n=2, 16.7%) and @entity5 (n=1, 8.3%). When classified according to the "Three Delays Model", 2 cases were in the first delay model and 3 cases in the third delay model; the second delay model led to no maternal deaths. @entity101 diseases of pregnancy are the leading cause of maternal mortality in our province. The preventable causes of maternal mortality and factors contributing to @entity204 must be identified to reduce the incidence.

title: Evaluation of maternal mortality cases in the province of Elazig, XXXX , 2007-2013: a retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertensive', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac diseases']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: Part I of this paper has documented the evolution of dark neurons into acidophilic neurons in the superficial laminae as well as the reversion of dark neurons to normal neurons in the deep laminae of the cerebral cortex in @entity75 . The present study describes the temporal evolution of @entity75 in the hippocampus. The evolution of dark neurons to acidophilic neurons was confirmed in this brain region. Four additional problems were addressed: Firstly, delayed @entity528 was looked for, and was found to occur in areas of @entity1249 undergoing mild damage. However, it was not preceded by a morphological free interval, had ultrastructural characteristics distinct from delayed @entity528 in @entity63 , and hence should be considered a distinct phenomenon. Secondly, the gradient in the density of @entity528 in the @entity35 hippocampal pyramidal cell band was exploited to test the hypothesis that a more severe insult causes a more rapid evolution of neuronal changes. This was found to be the case, with a temporal spectrum in the timing of @entity528 : Necrosis occurred already after 2 h medially in the subiculum, and was delayed by up to several weeks laterally in @entity1249 . Thirdly, the almost universal sparing of @entity1251 pyramidal neurons after 30 min hypoglycemic isoelectricity was exploited to address the question of whether reactive changes, which could with certainty be deemed reversible, occur in @entity1251 . @entity2383 was seen in these cells, and was found to be recoverable. No reactive changes of the type previously described following ischemic insults were observed. Fourthly, the astrocytic and vascular response of the tissue was studied. A sequence of astrocytic changes representing structural and probably metabolic activation of astrocytes was seen, consisting of morphological indices of increased turnover of cellular components. Capillaries demonstrated endothelial pits, vesicles, and prominent microvilli hours to days after recovery. The results demonstrate that, in the hippocampal gyrus as in other brain regions, @entity75 is distinct from @entity75 and likely has a different pathogenesis.

title: The temporal evolution of XXXX . II. Light- and electron-microscopic findings in the hippocampal gyrus and subiculum of the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic brain damage', 'hypoglycemic brain damage']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal necrosis', 'neuronal death']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['Mitochondrial injury']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['hypoglycemic brain damage']


abstract: Part I of this paper has documented the evolution of dark neurons into acidophilic neurons in the superficial laminae as well as the reversion of dark neurons to normal neurons in the deep laminae of the cerebral cortex in @entity75 . The present study describes the temporal evolution of @entity75 in the hippocampus. The evolution of dark neurons to acidophilic neurons was confirmed in this brain region. Four additional problems were addressed: Firstly, delayed @entity528 was looked for, and was found to occur in areas of @entity1249 undergoing mild damage. However, it was not preceded by a morphological free interval, had ultrastructural characteristics distinct from delayed @entity528 in @entity63 , and hence should be considered a distinct phenomenon. Secondly, the gradient in the density of @entity528 in the @entity35 hippocampal pyramidal cell band was exploited to test the hypothesis that a more severe insult causes a more rapid evolution of neuronal changes. This was found to be the case, with a temporal spectrum in the timing of @entity528 : Necrosis occurred already after 2 h medially in the subiculum, and was delayed by up to several weeks laterally in @entity1249 . Thirdly, the almost universal sparing of @entity1251 pyramidal neurons after 30 min hypoglycemic isoelectricity was exploited to address the question of whether reactive changes, which could with certainty be deemed reversible, occur in @entity1251 . @entity2383 was seen in these cells, and was found to be recoverable. No reactive changes of the type previously described following ischemic insults were observed. Fourthly, the astrocytic and vascular response of the tissue was studied. A sequence of astrocytic changes representing structural and probably metabolic activation of astrocytes was seen, consisting of morphological indices of increased turnover of cellular components. Capillaries demonstrated endothelial pits, vesicles, and prominent microvilli hours to days after recovery. The results demonstrate that, in the hippocampal gyrus as in other brain regions, @entity75 is distinct from @entity75 and likely has a different pathogenesis.

title: The temporal evolution of @entity75 . II. Light- and electron-microscopic findings in the hippocampal gyrus and subiculum of the XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity2316 occurs in     25-40% of @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Given the high risk of @entity177 and @entity454 , early identification of @entity1 with a renal risk is important. Novel biomarkers may aid in improving renal risk stratification. In this review, we first focus on the classical panel of @entity633 and estimated glomerular filtration rate as the primary clinical predictors of @entity8 and then move our attention to novel biomarkers, primarily concentrating on assay-based multiple/panel biomarkers, proteomics biomarkers and metabolomics biomarkers. We focus on multiple biomarker panels since the molecular processes of @entity8 progression in @entity164 2 @entity6 are heterogeneous, rendering it unlikely that a single biomarker significantly adds to clinical risk prediction. A limited number of prospective studies of multiple biomarkers address the predictive performance of novel biomarker panels in addition to the classical panel in @entity164 2 @entity6 . However, the prospective studies conducted so far have small sample sizes, are insufficiently powered and lack external validation. Adequately sized validation studies of multiple biomarker panels are thus required. There is also a paucity of studies that assess the effect of treatments on novel biomarker panels and determine whether initial treatment-induced changes in novel biomarkers predict changes in long-term renal outcomes. Such studies can not only improve our healthcare but also our understanding of the mechanisms of actions of existing and novel drugs and may yield biomarkers that can be used to monitor drug response. We conclude that this will be an area to focus research on in the future.

title: Prognostic clinical and molecular biomarkers of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['progressive renal function loss']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['renal disease in type 2 diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined @entity131 in track and field in both elite and subelite athletes. PURPOSE: To observe the absolute number and relative rates of @entity4858 across a wide range of competition levels and ages during 3 years of the Penn Relays Carnival to assist with future medical coverage planning and injury prevention strategies. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: Over a 3-year period, all injuries treated by the medical staff were recorded on a standardized injury report form. Absolute number of @entity130 rates (number of injuries per 1000 competing athletes) were determined and odds ratios (ORs) of injury rates were calculated between sexes, competition levels, and events. @entity130 were also broken down into major or minor medical or orthopaedic injuries. RESULTS: Throughout the study period, 48,473 competing athletes participated in the Penn Relays Carnival, and 436 injuries were sustained. For medical coverage purposes, the relative rate of injury subtypes was greatest for @entity130 (5.71 injuries per 1000 @entity1 ), followed by minor medical injuries (3.42 injuries per 1000 @entity1 ), major medical injuries (0.69 injuries per 1000 @entity1 ), and major orthopaedic injuries (0.18 injuries per 1000 @entity1 ). College/elite athletes displayed the @entity130 rate (7.99 injuries per 1000 @entity1 ), which was significantly less than that of high school (9.87 injuries per 1000 @entity1 ) and masters athletes (16.33 injuries per 1000 @entity1 ). Male athletes displayed a greater likelihood of having a minor @entity130 compared with female athletes (OR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.06-1.75];   (2) = 5.73; P = .017) but were less likely to sustain a major @entity130 (OR, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.15-0.75];   (2) = 7.75; P = .005). Of the 3 most heavily participated in events, the 4 * 400-m relay displayed the greatest relative injury rate (13.6 injuries per 1000 @entity1 ) compared with the 4 * 100-m and 4 * 200-m relays. CONCLUSION: Medical coverage teams for future large-scale track and field events need to plan for at least 2 major orthopaedic and 7 major medical injuries per 10,000 @entity1 . Male track and field athletes, particularly masters male athletes, are at greater risk of injury compared with other sexes and competition levels.

title: Acute XXXX in Track and Field Athletes: A 3-Year Observational Study at the Penn Relays Carnival With Epidemiology and Medical Coverage Implications.

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['lowest relative injury', 'minor orthopaedic injuries', 'orthopaedic injury', 'injuries and relative injury', 'medical injury', 'Injuries']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['acute injuries']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['injury in track and field athletes']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Injuries']


abstract: The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity191 in order to arrive at qualitative and quantitative conclusions about the efficacy of rTMS. We included randomized controlled trials examining the effects of rTMS compared with sham-rTMS or selective @entity750 re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The quality of included studies was strictly evaluated. Data analyses were performed using the RevMan5.1 software. Eight studies including 312 @entity1 met all inclusion criteria. The results showed that rTMS could evidently improve the HRSD score compared with sham-rTMS (p < 0.00001). However, we found similar antidepressant efficacy between rTMS and SSRIs groups in terms of HRSD and BDI score (p = 0.65; p = 0.75, respectively). Furthermore, @entity1 who received rTMS could evidently show improvement on the unified @entity191 rating scale (UPDRS), ADL score, and UPDRS motor score compared with sham-rTMS or SSRIs (p < 0.05, p = 0.05, respectively). The subgroup analysis by frequency of rTMS evidenced that the efficacy of low-frequency rTMS was superior to sham-rTMS (p < 0.0001) in terms of the outcome measure according to HAMD scale. Meanwhile, the high-frequency rTMS has the same antidepressant efficacy as SSRIs (p = 0.94). The current meta-analysis provided evidence that rTMS was superior to sham-rTMS and had similar antidepressant efficacy as SSRIs, and may have the additional advantage of some improvement in motor function.

title: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of XXXX in @entity191 : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease', "Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity191 in order to arrive at qualitative and quantitative conclusions about the efficacy of rTMS. We included randomized controlled trials examining the effects of rTMS compared with sham-rTMS or selective @entity750 re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The quality of included studies was strictly evaluated. Data analyses were performed using the RevMan5.1 software. Eight studies including 312 @entity1 met all inclusion criteria. The results showed that rTMS could evidently improve the HRSD score compared with sham-rTMS (p < 0.00001). However, we found similar antidepressant efficacy between rTMS and SSRIs groups in terms of HRSD and BDI score (p = 0.65; p = 0.75, respectively). Furthermore, @entity1 who received rTMS could evidently show improvement on the unified @entity191 rating scale (UPDRS), ADL score, and UPDRS motor score compared with sham-rTMS or SSRIs (p < 0.05, p = 0.05, respectively). The subgroup analysis by frequency of rTMS evidenced that the efficacy of low-frequency rTMS was superior to sham-rTMS (p < 0.0001) in terms of the outcome measure according to HAMD scale. Meanwhile, the high-frequency rTMS has the same antidepressant efficacy as SSRIs (p = 0.94). The current meta-analysis provided evidence that rTMS was superior to sham-rTMS and had similar antidepressant efficacy as SSRIs, and may have the additional advantage of some improvement in motor function.

title: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of @entity308 in XXXX : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Geographic patterns in total mortality and in mortality by cause of @entity204 are widely known to exist in many countries. However, the geographic pattern of inequalities in mortality within these countries is unknown. This study shows mathematically and graphically the geographic pattern of mortality inequalities by education in Spain. METHODS: Data are from a nation-wide prospective study covering all @entity1 living in Spain's 50 provinces in 2001. Individuals were classified in a cohort of subjects with low education and in another cohort of subjects with high education. Age- and sex-adjusted mortality rate from all causes and from leading causes of @entity204 in each cohort and mortality rate ratios in the low versus high education cohort were estimated by geographic coordinates and province. RESULTS: Latitude but not longitude was related to mortality. In subjects with low education, latitude had a U-shaped relation to mortality. In those with high education, mortality from all causes, and from cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive diseases decreased with increasing latitude, whereas @entity5 mortality increased. The mortality-rate ratio for all-cause @entity204 was 1.27 in the southern latitudes, 1.14 in the intermediate latitudes, and 1.20 in the northern latitudes. The mortality rate ratios for the leading causes of @entity204 were also higher in the lower and upper latitudes than in the intermediate latitudes. The geographic pattern of the mortality rate ratios is similar to that of the mortality rate in the low-education cohort: the highest magnitude is observed in the southern provinces, intermediate magnitudes in the provinces of the north and those of the Mediterranean east coast, and the lowest magnitude in the central provinces and those in the south of the Western Pyrenees. CONCLUSION: Mortality inequalities by education in Spain are higher in the south and north of the country and lower in the large region making up the central plateau. This geographic pattern is similar to that observed in mortality in the low-education cohort.

title: The Association of Geographic Coordinates with Mortality in XXXX with Lower and Higher Education and with Mortality Inequalities in Spain.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['People']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Age is a known susceptibility factor for the @entity1370 of several anticancer drugs, including @entity2664 ( @entity1500 ). The impact of anticancer drugs in young @entity1 is underestimated, thus we aimed to evaluate the @entity1370 of @entity1500 in juvenile and adult animals. Juvenile (3 week-old) and adult (8-10 week-old) male CD-1 @entity19 were used. Each group was treated with a 9.0mg/kg cumulative dose of @entity1500 or saline; they were maintained in a drug-free period for 3-weeks after the last administration to allow the development of late @entity137 (protocol 1), or sacrificed 24h after the last @entity1500 administration to evaluate early @entity1370 (protocol 2). In protocol 1, no adult @entity19 survived, while 2 of the juveniles reached the end of the protocol. High plasma @entity492 aminotransferase/ @entity493 aminotransferase ratio and a high cardiac reduced/oxidized @entity2041 ratio were found in the surviving @entity1500 -treated juvenile @entity19 . In protocol 2, a significant decrease in plasma @entity908 -kinase MB in juveniles was found 24h after the last @entity1500 -administration. Cardiac histology showed that both @entity1500 -treated populations had significant damage, although higher in adults. However, @entity1500 -treated juveniles had a significant increase in fibrotic tissue. The @entity1500 -treated adults had higher values of cardiac GSSG and protein carbonylation, but lower cardiac noradrenaline levels. For the first time, mature adult animals were shown to be more susceptible to @entity1500 as evidenced by several biomarkers, while young animals appear to better adjust to the @entity1500 -induced @entity299 . Even so, the higher level of fibrotic tissue and the histological damage showed that @entity1500 also causes @entity299 in the juvenile population.

title: The age factor for XXXX 's @entity1370 : Multiple doses render the adult @entity19 heart more susceptible to injury.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac injury', 'cardiac damage']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity2664 :: (MESH:D008942,Chemical) :: ['mitoxantrone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Age is a known susceptibility factor for the @entity1370 of several anticancer drugs, including @entity2664 ( @entity1500 ). The impact of anticancer drugs in young @entity1 is underestimated, thus we aimed to evaluate the @entity1370 of @entity1500 in juvenile and adult animals. Juvenile (3 week-old) and adult (8-10 week-old) male CD-1 @entity19 were used. Each group was treated with a 9.0mg/kg cumulative dose of @entity1500 or saline; they were maintained in a drug-free period for 3-weeks after the last administration to allow the development of late @entity137 (protocol 1), or sacrificed 24h after the last @entity1500 administration to evaluate early @entity1370 (protocol 2). In protocol 1, no adult @entity19 survived, while 2 of the juveniles reached the end of the protocol. High plasma @entity492 aminotransferase/ @entity493 aminotransferase ratio and a high cardiac reduced/oxidized @entity2041 ratio were found in the surviving @entity1500 -treated juvenile @entity19 . In protocol 2, a significant decrease in plasma @entity908 -kinase MB in juveniles was found 24h after the last @entity1500 -administration. Cardiac histology showed that both @entity1500 -treated populations had significant damage, although higher in adults. However, @entity1500 -treated juveniles had a significant increase in fibrotic tissue. The @entity1500 -treated adults had higher values of cardiac GSSG and protein carbonylation, but lower cardiac noradrenaline levels. For the first time, mature adult animals were shown to be more susceptible to @entity1500 as evidenced by several biomarkers, while young animals appear to better adjust to the @entity1500 -induced @entity299 . Even so, the higher level of fibrotic tissue and the histological damage showed that @entity1500 also causes @entity299 in the juvenile population.

title: The age factor for @entity2664 's XXXX : Multiple doses render the adult @entity19 heart more susceptible to injury.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1370 :: (MESH:D066126,Disease) :: ['cardiotoxicity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Age is a known susceptibility factor for the @entity1370 of several anticancer drugs, including @entity2664 ( @entity1500 ). The impact of anticancer drugs in young @entity1 is underestimated, thus we aimed to evaluate the @entity1370 of @entity1500 in juvenile and adult animals. Juvenile (3 week-old) and adult (8-10 week-old) male CD-1 @entity19 were used. Each group was treated with a 9.0mg/kg cumulative dose of @entity1500 or saline; they were maintained in a drug-free period for 3-weeks after the last administration to allow the development of late @entity137 (protocol 1), or sacrificed 24h after the last @entity1500 administration to evaluate early @entity1370 (protocol 2). In protocol 1, no adult @entity19 survived, while 2 of the juveniles reached the end of the protocol. High plasma @entity492 aminotransferase/ @entity493 aminotransferase ratio and a high cardiac reduced/oxidized @entity2041 ratio were found in the surviving @entity1500 -treated juvenile @entity19 . In protocol 2, a significant decrease in plasma @entity908 -kinase MB in juveniles was found 24h after the last @entity1500 -administration. Cardiac histology showed that both @entity1500 -treated populations had significant damage, although higher in adults. However, @entity1500 -treated juveniles had a significant increase in fibrotic tissue. The @entity1500 -treated adults had higher values of cardiac GSSG and protein carbonylation, but lower cardiac noradrenaline levels. For the first time, mature adult animals were shown to be more susceptible to @entity1500 as evidenced by several biomarkers, while young animals appear to better adjust to the @entity1500 -induced @entity299 . Even so, the higher level of fibrotic tissue and the histological damage showed that @entity1500 also causes @entity299 in the juvenile population.

title: The age factor for @entity2664 's @entity1370 : Multiple doses render the adult XXXX heart more susceptible to injury.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: For several decades an association between MGUS, IgM-MGUS in particular, and @entity1897 has been suspected. Several histopathology studies have shown binding of IgM to myelin and a secondary widening of myelin lamellae in cutaneous nerves and in the sural nerve of @entity1 with IgM-MGUS, or Waldenstr  m's @entity8057 (WM), and @entity1897 . In this retrospective study we investigated the value of skin biopsy examination in the diagnosis of MGUS- and WM-associated @entity1897 . METHODS: A total of 117 @entity1 , who were examined for an M-component in serum with associated nerve symptoms, had a skin biopsy taken and examined for immunoglobulin deposition in cutaneous nerves. Thirty-five @entity1 were diagnosed with MGUS or WM and @entity1897 with no other cause of @entity16 . Nineteen @entity1 had MGUS but no @entity1897 . RESULTS: Of the 35 @entity1 with MGUS or WM and @entity1897 , four had immunoglobulin deposition in the skin biopsy, all of whom had an @entity1581 . In the control group of 19 without @entity1897 , three had immunoglobulin deposition in the skin biopsy, all of whom had IgM-MGUS. In both groups, there was a trend towards higher IgM blood levels in @entity1 with immunoglobulin deposition. Half of the @entity1 with @entity1581 in the @entity16 group had anti-MAG reactivity, whereas only one in the control group had weak anti-MAG reactivity. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that examination of skin biopsies for immunoglobulin deposition does not add significant diagnostic value in the evaluation of @entity16 suspected to be caused by MGUS or WM. IgM immunoglobulin deposition in skin biopsy might merely be an epiphenomenon secondary to high IgM blood levels.

title: Immunostaining of skin biopsy adds no diagnostic value in MGUS-associated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1581 :: ('MESH:D010265', 'Disease') :: ['IgM gammopathy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathies', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity8057 :: ('MESH:D008258', 'Disease') :: ['Macroglobulinaemia']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['peripheral neuropathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of a daily home-based facial exercise therapy with a supervised rehabilitation technique for the treatment of postoperative @entity409 in @entity1 undergoing conventional superficial parotidectomy. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial, controlled. SETTING: Surgery and Rehabilitation Units, university hospital. SUBJECTS: Consecutive @entity1 (n=79, mean age 48 years) who underwent superficial parotidectomy with @entity2103 were randomly divided into two groups. INTERVENTION: Control group (CG) were given a daily homework manual to perform ordinary postoperative facial mimic exercises autonomously in front of the mirror at home. Experimental group (EG) @entity1 with moderate-severe paresis received supervised rehabilitation therapy that consisted in weekly sessions with facial exercises and massages and performed daily facial exercises at home. EG @entity1 with slight paresis were instructed to undertake self-massage and mirror exercises. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity86 of facial nerve and branches was quantified measuring the prevalence, magnitude and duration of paresis by the House-Brackmann Facial Nerve Grading System up to 12(th) months. RESULTS: Facial paresis incidence at 1(st) week was 77.2%, being the marginal-mandibular nerve the most affected (64.5%). No statistically significant differences were found at any time of the study when comparing the frequency, magnitude and duration of paresis between EG and CG and among @entity1 who had presented moderate-severe paresis. In the absence of @entity3816 , complete recovery of facial mobility was observed within 12 months, regardless of treatment group. CONCLUSION: Rehabilitation therapy and mirror facial exercises performed autonomously at home were equally effective for postoperative functional recovery.

title: Effectiveness of XXXX after superficial parotidectomy: A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['facial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve dissection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3816 :: ('MESH:D007431', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative nerve injury']

answer: @entity2103 :: (MESH:D005155,Disease) :: ['facial exercise therapy for facial nerve dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The incidence of @entity259 is rising. Few studies have examined @entity1 characteristics that influence survival when adjusting for treatment and @entity5 stage/extent. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis was performed using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results registry data among @entity1 diagnosed with well-differentiated @entity259 during 1988-2009. METHODS: Kaplan-Meir survival curves were used to estimate 5- and 10-year cause-specific and overall survival differences by sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: A total of 83,985 @entity1 were identified with @entity259 . Blacks had higher hazard of @entity204 at 5 years (HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.42-1.96) and 10 years (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.37-1.80) when compared to Caucasians, but there were no significant differences in cause-specific deaths. Hispanics had higher overall and cause-specific 5-year and 10-year hazard of @entity204 (5-year cause-specific: HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.23-1.99). Age was the most significant predictor of cause-specific and overall survival, with risk increasing in a nonlinear fashion. After age 45 years, the HR for 5- and 10-year cause-specific survival rose drastically, reaching an HR of 153 for individuals aged 85 years and older (HR, 153.45; 95% CI, 97.84-240.67). CONCLUSIONS: Age was the strongest factor associated with WDT @entity5 in our study. African Americans had worse overall survival, although only Hispanics had a significantly worse cause-specific survival. These factors should be taken into account in counseling @entity1 and treatment planning. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2c. Laryngoscope, 2014.

title: Prognostic indicators in well-differentiated XXXX when controlling for stage and treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid (WDT) carcinoma', 'WDT carcinoma', 'thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity11648 ( @entity11648 ) is a phosphaturic agent involved in calcium-phosphate homeostasis. Recent findings show that @entity58343 and @entity32 regulate @entity11648 release and/or biodegradation. @entity58343 is frequently observed in the elderly, therefore the aim of this study was to find out if @entity58343 is independent from low grade inflammatory factors affecting both forms of @entity11648 that are detectable in circulation in a large population-based study of elderly subjects. DESIGN AND METHODS: The analysis included 3780 elderly (1798 females) PolSenior study @entity1 and assessed levels of phosphorus, calcium, iron, ferritin, @entity650 , @entity1851 (hs-CRP), intact (iFGF23), and c-terminal FGF (cFGF23). The analysis was performed for all subjects and terciles of serum iron levels in relation to hs-CRP were calculated. RESULTS: The highest plasma cFGF23 and iFGF23 concentrations were found in subjects with the lowest serum iron levels (p<0.001). The effect of low grade @entity32 was markedly weaker and affected only iFGF23 levels. The adjusted serum levels of hs-CRP, iPTH, phosphorus, and 25-(OH)-D3 analysis revealed that plasma iFGF23 and cFGF23 levels were almost unchanged up to a serum iron level of 59.3ng/mL and 57.3ng/mL respectively and then were nearly linearly increasing by 0.285pg/mL and 3.742RU/mL for each unit of serum iron increase. CONCLUSIONS: Low iron levels are associated with increased levels of both cFGF23 and iFGF23, independent of low grade @entity32 . A similar analysis of cFGF23 and iFGF23 does not suggest enhanced biodegradation of iFGF23 induced by @entity58343 .

title: Plasma XXXX concentration and iron status. Does the relationship exist in the elderly population?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity58343 :: ('MESH:D018798', 'Disease') :: ['iron deficiency', 'Iron deficiency']

entities_list: @entity11648 :: ('8074', 'Gene') :: ['Fibroblast growth factor 23', 'FGF23']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity11648 :: (8074,Gene) :: ['fibroblast growth factor 23']


abstract: An isolated, blood-perfused phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation of the @entity235 was developed for pharmacological investigation. A hemi-diaphragm with the ipsi-lateral phrenic nerve intact was excised from a @entity235 anesthetized with @entity4485 and was perfused with arterial blood from a donor @entity235 through the phrenic artery. This preparation maintained its tone and response in good condition for 10 hr without any deterioration of twitch tension. Effects of @entity2900 , @entity2899 , @entity8427 , and @entity9563 on twitch tension and blood flow of this preparation were studied. Drugs were injected into the phrenic artery. All four compounds produced a dose-dependent @entity308 of twitch tension elicited by indirect stimulation applied to the phrenic nerve without any @entity308 in the tension elicited by direct stimulation applied to the muscle. The ratios of the potency to produce a 50% @entity308 in twitch tension elicited by indirect stimulation among @entity2900 , @entity8427 , @entity2899 , and @entity9563 were roughly 1:1/3:1/3:1/30 on a weight (mg) basis. @entity2899 produced a dose-dependent increase in blood flow. Other compounds did not cause significant changes in blood flow. The increase in blood flow produced by @entity2899 was markedly inhibited by @entity3933 , which suggested @entity112 release by @entity2899 .

title: Isolated, blood-perfused phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation of the XXXX : description of a new method and effects of neuromuscular blocking agents on twitch tension and blood flow.

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital sodium']

entities_list: @entity8427 :: ('MESH:C033019', 'Chemical') :: ['decamethonium']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity3933 :: ('MESH:D004155', 'Chemical') :: ['diphenhydramine']

entities_list: @entity9563 :: ('MESH:D005703', 'Chemical') :: ['gallamine']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity2899 :: ('MESH:D014403', 'Chemical') :: ['d-tubocurarine', 'd-Tubocurarine']

entities_list: @entity2900 :: ('MESH:D013390', 'Chemical') :: ['succinylcholine']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The adjuvant activity of @entity1573 interleukin-12 (chIL-12) protein has been described as similar to that of @entity1 IL-12. Recombinant chIL-12 can be produced using several methods, but chIL-12 production in eukaryotic cells is lower than that in prokaryotic cells. Stimulating compounds, such as @entity3733 ( @entity3733 ), can be added to animal cell cultures to overcome this drawback. In this study, we constructed a cell line, DF1/chIL-12 which stably expressed a fusion protein, chIL-12 and enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) connected by a ( @entity7507 )3 linker sequence. Fusion protein production was increased when cells were cultured in the presence of @entity3733 . When 1 * 10(6) DF1/chIL-12 cells were inoculated in a T-175 flask containing 30 mL of media, incubated for 15 h, and further cultivated in the presence of 4% @entity3733 for 48 h, the production of total fusion protein was mostly enhanced compared with the production of total fusion protein by using cell lysates induced with @entity3733 at other concentrations. The concentrations of the unpurified and purified total fusion proteins in cell lysates were 2,781    2.72 ng mL(-1) and 2,207    3.28 ng mL(-1) , respectively. The recovery rate was 79%. The fusion protein stimulated @entity1573 splenocytes to produce IFN-y, which was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in the culture supernatant, indicating that treating DF1/chIL-12 cells with @entity3733 or producing chIL-12 in a fusion protein form does not have adverse effects on the bioactivity of chIL-12.    2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:641-649, 2015.

title: Production and characterization of active recombinant interleukin-12/eGFP fusion protein in stably-transfected DF1 XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity7507 :: ('p|SUB|G|4|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['G4 S']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethyl sulfoxide', 'DMSO']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To limit the spread of Middle East @entity1576 coronavirus ( @entity7822 -CoV) in Saudi Arabia, the Ministry of Health tried to raise public awareness using different public campaigns. We aimed to measure public awareness of @entity7822 in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and June 2014 using a newly designed Arabic questionnaire that was distributed and completed online. We analyzed the response of 1149 respondents across Saudi Arabia. We found that 97% of the @entity1 were aware of @entity7822 . In addition, 72% realized that coughing and sneezing could spread the infection. Furthermore, 83% thought that some @entity1 with @entity7822 could be cured. Moreover, 62% knew that no vaccine can prevent the disease. However, only 36% realized that taking antibiotics will not stop the infection, and only 41% recognized that no medication has yet been manufactured to treat it. Regarding protection measures, 74% used hand sanitizers, 43% avoided crowded places, and 11% wore masks in public places. Moreover, only 47% knew that bats and @entity20770 are the primary source of the virus. As anticipated, this level of awareness varied between the different categories of the studied population. Female, married, older, and more educated @entity1 were significantly more knowledgeable about the disease. Public awareness of @entity7822 is generally sufficient. However, some false beliefs about treatment were fairly common. In addition, almost half of the population remains unaware that bats and @entity20770 are the most likely sources of the virus.

title: Is the Saudi public aware of Middle East XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory syndrome']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Progressive loss of cortical gray matter (GM) and increase of @entity2841 have been reported in early-onset @entity716 (EOP). EOP typically begins during adolescence, a time when developmental brain trajectories differ by gender. This study aimed to determine gender differences in progression of brain changes in this population. A sample of 61 (21 females) adolescents with a first @entity716 and a matched sample of 70 (23 females) controls underwent both baseline and 2-year follow-up anatomical brain imaging assessments. Regional GM and @entity2841 volumes were obtained using automated methods based on the Talairach's proportional grid system. At baseline, only male @entity1 showed a clear pattern of alterations in the frontal lobe relative to controls (smaller GM and larger @entity2841 volumes). However, parallel longitudinal changes for male and female @entity1 relative to controls were observed, resulting in a common pattern of brain changes across both genders: rate of @entity75 was larger in male (-3.8  %) and female @entity1 (-4.2  %) than in controls (-0.7  % males; -0.4  % females). The reverse was found for the @entity2841 volume in the @entity75 . While the GM and @entity2841 volumes of females with EOP appear to be within the normal range at initial illness onset, our results point to a similar trajectory of increased/accelerated brain changes in both male and female @entity1 with EOP. The pattern of progression of brain changes in @entity716 appears to be independent of gender or structural alterations on appearance of @entity716 .

title: Gender effects on brain changes in early-onset XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['CSF', 'cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic episode', 'psychosis', 'psychotic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['left frontal lobe', 'left frontal lobe GM volume loss']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Biodosimetry, the measurement of radiation damage in a biologic sample, is a reliable tool for increasing the accuracy of dose estimation. Although established chromosome analyses are suitable for estimating the absorbed dose after high-dose irradiation, biodosimetric methodology to measure damage following low-dose exposure is underdeveloped. RNA analysis of circulating blood containing radiation-sensitive cells is a candidate biodosimetry method. Here we quantified RNA from a small amount of blood isolated from @entity19 following low-dose body irradiation (<0.5 Gy) aimed at developing biodosimetric tools for situations that are difficult to study in @entity1 . By focusing on radiation-sensitive undifferentiated cells in the blood based on @entity18122 RNA expression, we quantified the relative levels of RNA for DNA damage-induced (DDI) genes, such as @entity1380 , @entity35186 and @entity5207 . The RNA ratios of DDI genes/ @entity18122 in the blood increased in a dose-dependent manner 4 h after whole-body irradiation at doses ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 Gy (air-kerma) of X-rays, regardless of whether the @entity19 were in an active or resting state. The RNA ratios were significantly increased after 0.014 Gy (air-kerma) of single X-ray irradiation. The RNA ratios were directly proportional to the absorbed doses in water ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 Gy, based on gamma-irradiation from (137)Cs. Four hours after continuous irradiation with gamma-rays or by internal contamination with a beta-emitter, the increased RNA ratios resembled those following single irradiation. These findings indicate that the RNA status can be utilized as a biodosimetric tool to estimate low-dose radiation when focusing on undifferentiated cells in blood.

title: Quantification of damage due to low-dose radiation exposure in XXXX : construction and application of a biodosimetric model using mRNA indicators in circulating white blood cells.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Threat induces a state of sustained @entity148 that can disrupt cognitive processing, and, reciprocally, cognitive processing can modulate an @entity148 response to threat. These effects depend on the level of cognitive engagement, which itself varies as a function of task difficulty. In adults, we recently showed that induced @entity148 working memory accuracy at low and medium but not high load. Conversely, increasing the task load reduced the physiological correlates of @entity148 ( @entity148 -potentiated @entity427 ). The present work examines such threat-cognition interactions as a function of age. We expected threat to more strongly impact working memory in younger individuals by virtue of putatively restricted cognitive resources and weaker emotion regulation. This was tested by examining the influence of age on the interaction of @entity2414 in 25 adolescents (10 to 17 years) and 25 adults (22 to 46 years). Working memory load was manipulated using a verbal n-back task. @entity148 was induced using the threat of an aversive loud scream and measured via eyeblink @entity427 . Findings revealed that, in both age groups, accuracy was lower during threat than safe conditions at low and medium but not high load, and reaction times were faster during threat than safe conditions at high load but did not differ at other loads. Additionally, @entity148 -potentiated @entity427 was greater during low and medium than high load. Thus, the interactions of @entity2414 appear similar in adolescents and adults. Whether these similarities reflect common neural mechanisms would need to be assessed using functional neuroimaging.

title: Interaction of threat and XXXX in adolescents.

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety with working memory', 'anxiety and working memory']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety', 'anxiety impaired']

answer: @entity2414 :: (MESH:D008569,Disease) :: ['verbal working memory']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Efficacy of guideline @entity65 prevention regimens may differ between @entity1 with or without @entity6 . We therefore compared change in carotid artery wall dimensions in @entity6 and @entity6 @entity1 with a history of a major @entity65 event, using magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: Thirty @entity6 @entity1 and 29 age- and sex-matched @entity6 @entity1 with a history of @entity64 or @entity583 and a @entity543 (15%-70%) were included. In all @entity1 , treatment was according to cardiovascular risk management guidelines. At baseline and follow-up, carotid artery vessel wall dimensions were measured using 1.5   T magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: After 2   years of follow-up, total wall volume of the carotid artery in @entity6 @entity1 decreased by 9.6% (p   =   0.016). In contrast, stabilization rather than regression of carotid artery wall dimensions was observed in @entity6 @entity1 over a 2-year period. Body mass index was identified as a predictor of total wall volume decrease. CONCLUSIONS: Guideline treatment arrests atherogenesis in @entity6 @entity1 and even decreases vessel wall dimensions in @entity6 @entity1 . Baseline body mass index predicts @entity65 prevention efficacy expressed as decrease in total wall volume. These data emphasize the importance of optimal cardiovascular-prevention, particularly in @entity6 @entity1 with a high body mass index.

title: Guideline treatment results in regression of atherosclerosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type II diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes', 'non-type II diabetes mellitus', 'non-diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Earlier attempts at percutaneous closure of perimembranous @entity1757 (Pm  VSDs) were abandoned because of incidence of @entity616 likely as a result of @entity2003 and/or oversizing. This is retrospective review and data reporting of @entity1 who underwent percutaneous closure using the softer second-generation Amplatzer vascular occluders; namely the Amplatzer vascular plug, second generation, (AVP II) and the Amplatzer duct occluder, second generation (ADO II) in our institution. A total of 20 @entity1 were identified; AVP II was used in 9 @entity1 and ADO II in 11 @entity1 . Median weight was 13.45  kg (range 6.5 to 76); age 28.5  months (range 11 to 352). After procedure, 4 were noted to have @entity337 ; trivial in 3 and mild in 1  (unrelated  to the device). Mild @entity997 possibly device or procedure related was seen in 4. Residual flow through the device was common after procedure and disappeared in all but 3, graded as trivial in 1, small in 2. Average follow-up period was 7.54 months    7.5 (1  day to 25  months). There was no incidence of @entity616 , @entity3555 , @entity2142 , device embolization, or @entity174 . The @entity337 resolved in 1 @entity1 and was estimated to be trivial in the remaining 3 @entity1 . In conclusion, percutaneous closure of Pm VSDs using the softer new generation devices as the AVP II and the ADO II is feasible and safe. Longer follow-up and larger series are needed.

title: Percutaneous Closure of Perimembranous XXXX Using the Second-Generation Amplatzer Vascular Occluders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['device rigidity']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defects']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity3555 :: ('MESH:D004697', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['Ventricular Septal Defects']


abstract: PURPOSE: This phase I study aimed to establish the biologic effects and MTD of the agonistic IgG1 chimeric anti- @entity2936 antibody ChiLob7/4 in @entity1 (pts) with a range of @entity2936 -expressing solid @entity5 and diffuse large @entity1892 , resistant to conventional therapy. Potential mechanisms of action for agonistic anti- @entity2936 include direct cytotoxic effects on @entity5 cells and conditioning of antigen-presenting cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: ChiLob7/4 was given by IV infusion weekly for 4 doses at a range from 0.5 to 240 mg/dose. Validated ELISAs were used to quantify ChiLob7/4 in serum and test for anti-chimeric MAb (HACA) responses. Pharmacodynamic assessments included quantitation of T-cell, natural killer-cell, and B-cell numbers and activation in blood by flow cytometry and a panel of cytokines in plasma by Luminex technology. Planned dose escalation was in cohorts of 3 @entity1 until MTD or biologic effect, defined as reduction of peripheral blood @entity1075 (+) B cells to 10% or less of baseline. RESULTS: Twenty-nine courses of treatment were given to 28 subjects. The MTD was 200 mg * 4, with dose-limiting @entity137 of liver transaminase elevations at 240 mg. At 200 mg (range between 2.1 mg/kg and 3.3 mg/kg based on @entity1 body weight), the trough level pretreatment was above 25  g/mL. Grade 1-2 infusion reactions were seen above the dose of 16 mg, but could be prevented with single-dose corticosteroid premedication. HACA responses were seen after doses between 1.6 mg and 50 mg, but not above this. There were dose-dependent falls in blood B-cell numbers accompanied by reduced expression of @entity10911 , and transient reductions in NK cell numbers with increased @entity2071 expression from 50 mg upward. @entity12868 and IL12 plasma concentrations rose after doses above 16 mg. Fifteen of 29 treatments were accompanied by disease stabilization for a median 6 months, the longest for 37 months. CONCLUSIONS: ChiLob7/4 can activate B and NK cells at doses that can be administered safely, and should be tested in combination with other antibodies and chemotherapy agents. Clin Cancer Res; 21(6); 1321-8.   2015 AACR.

title: Clinical and Biological Effects of an Agonist Anti- XXXX Antibody: A Cancer Research UK Phase I Study.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity2936 :: (958,Gene) :: ['CD40']


abstract: Invasive diagnosis of @entity453 utilizes either anatomical or functional measurements. In this study, we tested a futuristic parameter, lesion flow coefficient (LFC, defined as the ratio of percent @entity3979 (%AS) to the square root of the ratio of the pressure drop across the @entity850 to the dynamic pressure in the throat region), that combines both the anatomical (%AS) and functional measurements (pressure and flow) for application in a clinical setting. In 51 vessels, simultaneous pressure and flow readings were obtained using a 0.014" Combowire (Volcano Corporation). Anatomical details were assessed using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). Fractional flow reserve (FFR), coronary flow reserve (CFR), @entity850 ( @entity850 ), and hyperemic microvascular index (HMR) were obtained at baseline and @entity859 -induced @entity450 . QCA data were corrected for the presence of guidewire and then the LFC values were calculated. LFC was correlated with FFR, CFR, @entity850 , and HMR, individually and in combination with %AS, under both baseline and hyperemic conditions. Further, in 5 vessels, LFC group mean values were compared between pre-PCI and post-PCI groups. P<.05 was considered statistically significant. LFC measured at @entity450 correlated significantly when the pressure-based FFR, flow-based CFR, and anatomically measured %AS were combined (r = 0.64; P<.05). Similarly, LFC correlated significantly when @entity850 , HMR, and %AS were combined (r = 0.72; P<.05). LFC was able to significantly distinguish between pre-PCI and post-PCI groups (0.42    0.05 and 0.05    0.004, respectively; P<.05). Similar results were obtained for the LFC at baseline conditions. LFC, a futuristic parameter that combines both the anatomical and functional endpoints, has potential for application in a clinical setting for @entity850 evaluation, under both @entity558 .

title: Lesion flow coefficient: a combined anatomical and functional parameter for detection of XXXX - a clinical study.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemic and baseline conditions']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary area stenosis']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['HSR', 'hyperemic stenosis resistance index', 'stenosis']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Few studies have examined collateral formation in @entity1 with @entity49 ( @entity49 ). The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of baseline intracranial venous collaterals on the clinical outcome and imaging features of @entity1 with acute @entity49 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: MRIs from consecutive @entity1 with acute @entity49 were retrospectively analysed. The category system described by Qureshi was used to assess the pattern of venous collaterals. Clinical and imaging features and outcomes were analysed using bivariate and multivariate models to assess the association of collateral patterns with the type of parenchymal lesions and clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale) at 30 and 90   days. RESULTS: One hundred @entity1 were included (77 @entity1 ; median age 32   years; and median of 18   months of follow-up). @entity1211 were present in 88% of the @entity1 ; type I collaterals in 3 @entity1 , type II collaterals in 27 @entity1 , and @entity164 in 58 @entity1 . Twelve @entity1 did not exhibit any collaterals. Cohen's k coefficient between evaluators was 0.86. In the bivariate analysis, @entity164 were associated with isolated intracranial @entity101 and complete recovery, whereas type I collaterals were associated with @entity75 . However, in the multivariate regression analysis, the collateral pattern was not associated with clinical presentation, type of @entity75 or outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Intracranial venous collaterals are frequently found in @entity1 with @entity49 during the acute phase. However, they do not have an independent effect on the type of @entity75 , clinical manifestations or prognosis.

title: Intracranial venous collaterals in XXXX : clinical and imaging impact.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesion', 'encephalopathy', 'brain damage']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['CVT', 'cerebral venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity164 :: ('MESH:D017827', 'Disease') :: ['type III collaterals']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous collaterals']

answer: @entity49 :: (MESH:D019851,Disease) :: ['cerebral venous thrombosis']


abstract: The aim of this work was to evaluate the perfomance of agar-gelatin (AG) composites and AG-containing 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) microparticles (AGBG) in relation to their water uptake capacity, sustained release of a drug over time, and antibacterial effects. The composites were fabricated by the gel-casting method. To impart the local drug release capacity, @entity2176 (VC) was loaded in the composites in concentrations of 0.5 and 1   mg   ml(-1). VC release was assessed in distilled water at 37     C up to 72   h and quantified spectrophotometrically. The antibacterial activity of composites was evaluated by the inhibition zone test and the plate count method. The experiments were performed in vitro up to 48   h on three @entity794 strains: @entity794 ATCC29213, @entity794 ATCC6538 and @entity71474 . The results showed that the addition of BG to AG composites did not affect the degree of water uptake. The release of VC was significantly affected by the presence of BG. VC release was higher from AGBGVC films than from AGVC ones over prolonged incubation times. Bacterial inhibition zones were found around the composites. The halos were larger when the cells were put in contact with AGVC composites than when they were put in contact with AGBGVC ones. Nevertheless, the viable count method demonstrated that the composites inhibited @entity794 cell growth with no statistical differences. In conclusion, the addition of BG did not reflect an improvement in the parameters studied. On the other hand, composites loaded with VC would have a role in prophylaxis against @entity2348 .

title: Evaluation of the antibacterial effects of XXXX released from agar-gelatin-bioactive glass composites.

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'Staphylococcus', 'staphylococcus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity71474 :: ('176280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

answer: @entity2176 :: (MESH:D014640,Chemical) :: ['vancomycin hydrochloride']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral instability and dysfunction are frequent symptoms in @entity11989 ( @entity11989 ). In this article, the first large series of @entity11989 @entity1 is presented in which these knee symptoms were assessed using validated outcome scores. Additionally, the need for surgical interventions, percentage of @entity1 who received surgical treatment and @entity1 reported outcomes are reported. METHODS: A questionnaire based survey was conducted in 139 Dutch @entity11989 @entity1 . Symptoms of the knees were assessed by the @entity3331 and @entity571 Outcome Score (KOOS) and Kujala knee score. The questionnaire addressed whether surgical intervention was currently considered, history of past surgeries, type of surgical procedures performed and results of these procedures. RESULTS: Response rate was 74%. Mean KOOS (73.04) and Kujala (74.01) scores showed a wide range and variability between @entity1 . Patellofemoral instability was present in 48.5% of @entity1 . Surgical intervention was currently considered by 12% of @entity1 . Their KOOS and Kujala scores were significantly lower compared to those not considering surgery and they experienced more patellar instability. Surgery was performed on 31 knees in 23 @entity1 . KOOS and Kujala scores were lower in surgically treated versus nonoperated @entity1 but no difference in patellar instability was present. An improvement in @entity158 in 87% and in function in 30% of knees was reported after surgery. @entity1 satisfaction with the surgical results was 61% and 10% was dissatisfied. Patellar realignment procedures showed similar results, although persistent patellar instability was reported in 40% of @entity1 , not different from nonoperated @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Knee symptoms in @entity11989 @entity1 vary widely, with patellar instability present in nearly half of the @entity1 . Although surgical treatment appears unfavourable as surgically treated @entity1 have lower KOOS and Kujala scores, the @entity1 reported surgical results are generally good with a high @entity1 satisfaction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.

title: XXXX : Knee symptoms and surgical outcomes. A questionnaire-based survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['Knee injury']

entities_list: @entity11989 :: ('MESH:D009261', 'Disease') :: ['Nail patella syndrome', 'NPS']

answer: @entity11989 :: (MESH:D009261,Disease) :: ['Nail patella syndrome']


abstract: For an increasing number of @entity28 @entity1 , bariatric surgery is considered as the treatment of choice after the failure of conventional strategies. While numerous studies on bariatric surgery have shown substantial health benefits, there is a broad inter-individual variation in the long-term outcome, which is insufficiently understood. Here we show a favourable long-term outcome following multidisciplinary care in a @entity6629 @entity1 . The @entity1 suffered from numerous typically @entity28 -associated comorbidities and limitations. He underwent multidisciplinary care including two-step bariatric intervention. Endoscopic intragastric balloon positioning was followed by @entity356 without Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. His body weight dropped from 260   kg (body mass index [BMI] 79.4   kg   m(-2) ) to 85   kg (BMI 25.9   kg   m(-2) ) within 16 months and continued to be stable at 90   kg (BMI 27.8   kg   m(-2) ) at the end of the follow-up period of 48 months. The loss of excess body weight was associated with the remission of numerous @entity28 -related comorbidities and with a concomitant pronounced increase in the quality of life and in the socioeconomic status. Eventually, the @entity1 was able to lead a normal life with a decreased risk of long-term complications. We attribute the positive long-term outcome to the following potential determinants: individualized bariatric surgery, multidisciplinary care, the @entity1 's long-term compliance, adequate adherence to the aftercare, physical exercise after surgery, family support, the cooperation of the primary care physician and the financial coverage by the health insurance. Some of these factors remain to be evaluated as predictors of a favourable long-term outcome in prospective trials.

title: A model case of a positive outcome in super-super XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6629 :: ('MESH:C535318', 'Disease') :: ['super-super-obese']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric sleeve surgery']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationships between executive functioning, coping, @entity308 , and quality of life in individuals with @entity146 after acquired @entity1545 (ABI). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Individuals (n  =  93) in the post-acute and chronic phase (>3  months) after ABI and their significant others (N  =  58) were recruited from outpatient clinics of four mental health centres in the Netherlands. Outcome measures were the @entity2205 Making Test, Stroop Colour Word Test, Frontal Systems Behavioural Scale, Utrecht Coping List, @entity1 Health Questionnaire, and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire. Data were analysed with multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: Self-reported @entity409 was associated with greater use of passive coping styles (b  =  .37, p  <  .01), and passive coping, in turn, was associated with lower quality of life (b  =  -.57, p  <  .001) and more @entity308 (b  =  .65, p  <  .001). Problem-focused coping was associated with higher quality of life among individuals who reported better executive functioning (b  =  -.94, p  <  .05). Performances on executive functioning tests were not associated with coping, @entity308 , or quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: For clinicians, these data indicate that individuals who report greater difficulties with executive functioning after ABI are inclined to use maladaptive passive coping styles, which should be targeted in treatment. In comparison, individuals who report greater difficulties with executive functioning should not be prompted to use problem-focused coping styles. These individuals may benefit from other coping styles, such as the use of seeking social support or acceptance of problems. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Coping influences the association between executive functioning and quality of life. Individuals who report difficulties with executive functioning after ABI may be inclined to use passive coping styles, which are maladaptive. Problem-focused coping strategies may be more useful for individuals who have strong executive abilities. This study was a cross-sectional study; thus, a cause-and-effect relationship could not be established between executive functioning, coping, and psychosocial functioning. As this research was part of standard clinical care, non-traditional tests for executive functioning were not administered.

title: Associations between executive functioning, coping, and psychosocial functioning after acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric symptoms']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['executive dysfunction']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injury']


abstract: Background/Aims. Studies on 46,XY @entity444 ( @entity444 ) have focused on molecular, gonadal, genital, and hormone features; little is known about follow-up. Our aim was to analyze long-term outcomes of @entity444 . Methods. Retrospective longitudinal study conducted at a reference service in Brazil. Ten @entity1 were first evaluated in the 1990s and followed up until the 2010s; follow-up ranged from 13.5 to 19.7 years. All were reared as males and had at least one scrotal testis; two bore @entity20043 mutations. Main outcomes were: associated conditions, pubertal development, and growth. Results. All @entity1 had normal motor development but three presented @entity73 ; five had various associated conditions. At the end of the prepubertal period, FSH was high or high-normal in 3/6 @entity1 ; LH was normal in all. At the last evaluation, FSH was high or high-normal in 8/10; LH was high or high-normal in 5/10; @entity251 was decreased in one. Final height in nine cases ranged from -1.57 to 0.80   SDS. All had spontaneous puberty; only one needed @entity342 therapy. Conclusions. There is good prognosis for growth and spontaneous pubertal development but not for fertility. Though additional studies are required, screening for @entity4207 is advisable.

title: Long-Term Follow-Up of XXXX with 46,XY Partial Gonadal Dysgenesis Reared as Males.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['learning disabilities']

entities_list: @entity444 :: ('MESH:D006059', 'Disease') :: ['partial gonadal dysgenesis', 'PGD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity470 variant III deletion mutation, EGFRvIII, is expressed in    30% of @entity463 and linked to poor long-term survival. Rindopepimut consists of the unique EGFRvIII peptide sequence conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. In previous phase II trials (ACTIVATE/ACT II), rindopepimut was well tolerated with robust EGFRvIII-specific immune responses and promising progression-free and overall survival. This multicenter, single-arm phase II clinical trial (ACT III) was performed to confirm these results. METHODS: Rindopepimut and standard adjuvant @entity2903 chemotherapy were administered to 65 @entity1 with newly diagnosed EGFRvIII-expressing (EGFRvIII+) @entity463 after gross total resection and chemoradiation. RESULTS: Progression-free survival at 5.5 months (   8.5 mo from diagnosis) was 66%. Relative to study entry, median overall survival was 21.8 months, and 36-month overall survival was 26%. Extended rindopepimut vaccination (up to 3.5+ years) was well tolerated. Grades 1-2 injection site reactions were frequent. Anti-EGFRvIII antibody titers increased >= 4-fold in 85% of @entity1 , and increased with duration of treatment. EGFRvIII was eliminated in 4/6 (67%) @entity5 samples obtained after >3 months of therapy. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms, in a multicenter setting, the preliminary results seen in previous phase II trials of rindopepimut. A pivotal, double-blind, randomized, phase III trial ("ACT IV") is under way.

title: A phase II, multicenter trial of rindopepimut (CDX-110) in newly diagnosed XXXX : the ACT III study.

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma', 'primary glioblastoma']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Natriuretic peptides and @entity8389 ( @entity8389 ) represent two different physiopathological pathways. We evaluated the prognostic accuracy and complementarity of @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) and soluble @entity8389 (sST2) plasma levels at discharge from a hospital admission for @entity712 , both in @entity1 with preserved (HFpEF) and @entity308 (HFrEF) systolic function. METHODS AND RESULTS: We enrolled 195 consecutive @entity1 discharged alive and followed them prospectively for 6  months. The endpoint was all-cause @entity204 or hospital readmission for @entity712 . Seventy-six @entity1 had HFpEF and 119 had HFrEF, of whom 23 (30.3  %) and 43 (36.1  %) reached the combined endpoint, respectively. In both HFpEF and HFrEF, having the two biomarkers into account added prognostic information, with the highest risk in @entity1 with both biomarkers above the median in their group (approximately 40  % hospitalization-free survival in both groups at 6  months). These associations translated into a significant fourfold increase in risk of the endpoint for one elevated biomarker and sevenfold for both biomarkers elevated in HFrEF, and no association for one elevated biomarker and fivefold increase in risk for both biomarkers elevated in HFpEF. Considering the reclassification of risk added to @entity3876 by measurement of sST2, net reclassification index was 0.31 (p  =  0.21) among @entity1 with HFpEF and 0.70 (p  <  0.001) among @entity1 with HFrEF. CONCLUSIONS: sST2 provides robust prognostic information in @entity712 with HFrEF, while this pattern was less clear in HFpEF. When sST2 was measured together with @entity3876 , it improved prognostic accuracy in both groups, more clearly in HFrEF.

title: Prognostic value of sST2 added to @entity3876 in XXXX with preserved or reduced ejection fraction.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['acute heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'B-type natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity8389 :: ('6761', 'Gene') :: ['suppression of tumorigenicity 2', 'ST2']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['acute heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Natriuretic peptides and @entity8389 ( @entity8389 ) represent two different physiopathological pathways. We evaluated the prognostic accuracy and complementarity of @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) and soluble @entity8389 (sST2) plasma levels at discharge from a hospital admission for @entity712 , both in @entity1 with preserved (HFpEF) and @entity308 (HFrEF) systolic function. METHODS AND RESULTS: We enrolled 195 consecutive @entity1 discharged alive and followed them prospectively for 6  months. The endpoint was all-cause @entity204 or hospital readmission for @entity712 . Seventy-six @entity1 had HFpEF and 119 had HFrEF, of whom 23 (30.3  %) and 43 (36.1  %) reached the combined endpoint, respectively. In both HFpEF and HFrEF, having the two biomarkers into account added prognostic information, with the highest risk in @entity1 with both biomarkers above the median in their group (approximately 40  % hospitalization-free survival in both groups at 6  months). These associations translated into a significant fourfold increase in risk of the endpoint for one elevated biomarker and sevenfold for both biomarkers elevated in HFrEF, and no association for one elevated biomarker and fivefold increase in risk for both biomarkers elevated in HFpEF. Considering the reclassification of risk added to @entity3876 by measurement of sST2, net reclassification index was 0.31 (p  =  0.21) among @entity1 with HFpEF and 0.70 (p  <  0.001) among @entity1 with HFrEF. CONCLUSIONS: sST2 provides robust prognostic information in @entity712 with HFrEF, while this pattern was less clear in HFpEF. When sST2 was measured together with @entity3876 , it improved prognostic accuracy in both groups, more clearly in HFrEF.

title: Prognostic value of sST2 added to XXXX in @entity712 with preserved or reduced ejection fraction.

answer: @entity3876 :: (4879,Gene) :: ['BNP']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity99 ( @entity99 ), previously known as Minimal @entity99 , is a subtle @entity73 found in 30-70  % of @entity82 @entity1 . It has been linked to poor quality of life, @entity410 to drive, and increased mortality: treatment is possible. Despite its clinical significance, diagnosis relies on psychometric tests that have proved unsuitable for use in a clinical setting. We investigated whether measurement of saccadic latency distributions might be a viable alternative. We collected data on 35 @entity82 @entity1 at Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, with no evidence of clinically overt @entity75 , and 36 age-matched healthy controls. Performance on standard psychometric tests was evaluated to determine those @entity1 with @entity99 as defined by the World Congress of Gastroenterology. We then compared visually-evoked saccades between those with @entity99 and those without, as well as reviewing blood test results and correlating saccadic latencies with biochemical parameters and prognostic scores. @entity82 @entity1 have significantly longer median saccadic latencies than healthy controls. Those with @entity99 had significantly prolonged saccadic latencies when compared with those without @entity99 . Analysis of a @entity82 @entity1 's saccades can diagnose @entity99 with a sensitivity of 75  % and a specificity of 75  %. We concluded that analysis of a @entity82 @entity1 's saccadic latency distributions is a fast and objective measure that can be used as a diagnostic tool for @entity99 . This improved early diagnosis could direct avoidance of high-risk activities such as driving, and better inform treatment strategies.

title: Using saccades to diagnose covert hepatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['impaired fitness']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis', 'Cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive defect']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['CHE', 'Hepatic Encephalopathy', 'Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['encephalopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is an acute, @entity9576 that results from the sudden release of mast cell- and basophil-derived mediators. Although @entity2021 can cause @entity299 , the incidence of @entity296 using troponin I (TnI) has not been characterized. In addition, patterns of @entity296 have not been evaluated in @entity1 with elevated TnI. Therefore, we studied the occurrence and patterns of @entity296 with TnI and echocardiography in @entity2021 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 300 consecutive @entity2021 cases that were diagnosed in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) over 53 months (2011-2015). @entity296 was defined as elevation of TnI within 24hrs after arrival at the @entity341 . We investigated systolic function and regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA) through echocardiography within 5 hours after arrival at the @entity341 in @entity1 with @entity296 . RESULTS: Among 300 @entity1 (median age, 55 years), 22 @entity1 demonstrated @entity296 (7.3%). The median TnI was 0.222 ng/mL with a range from 0.057 ng/mL to 19.4 ng/mL. Three @entity1 presented reduced systolic function and 4 @entity1 showed RWMA. One @entity1 showed reverse @entity661 and other 2 @entity1 had RWMA discordant to the distribution of coronary arteries. Another @entity1 showed RWMA (inferior wall) with ST elevation of II, III, and aVF. All 4 @entity1 were discharge after recovery of @entity296 without any specific intervention for @entity296 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity296 developed in 7.3% of @entity1 with @entity2021 . Various @entity296 , including @entity751 and @entity661 , has been observed in @entity1 with @entity296 .

title: Evaluation of XXXX through serum troponin I and echocardiography in @entity2021 .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy', 'myocardial injury', 'Myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity9576 :: ('MESH:D019578', 'Disease') :: ['lethal, multisystem syndrome']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['Takotsubo cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['Kounis syndrome']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac complications']

entities_list: @entity2021 :: ('MESH:D000707', 'Disease') :: ['anaphylaxis']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is an acute, @entity9576 that results from the sudden release of mast cell- and basophil-derived mediators. Although @entity2021 can cause @entity299 , the incidence of @entity296 using troponin I (TnI) has not been characterized. In addition, patterns of @entity296 have not been evaluated in @entity1 with elevated TnI. Therefore, we studied the occurrence and patterns of @entity296 with TnI and echocardiography in @entity2021 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 300 consecutive @entity2021 cases that were diagnosed in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) over 53 months (2011-2015). @entity296 was defined as elevation of TnI within 24hrs after arrival at the @entity341 . We investigated systolic function and regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA) through echocardiography within 5 hours after arrival at the @entity341 in @entity1 with @entity296 . RESULTS: Among 300 @entity1 (median age, 55 years), 22 @entity1 demonstrated @entity296 (7.3%). The median TnI was 0.222 ng/mL with a range from 0.057 ng/mL to 19.4 ng/mL. Three @entity1 presented reduced systolic function and 4 @entity1 showed RWMA. One @entity1 showed reverse @entity661 and other 2 @entity1 had RWMA discordant to the distribution of coronary arteries. Another @entity1 showed RWMA (inferior wall) with ST elevation of II, III, and aVF. All 4 @entity1 were discharge after recovery of @entity296 without any specific intervention for @entity296 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity296 developed in 7.3% of @entity1 with @entity2021 . Various @entity296 , including @entity751 and @entity661 , has been observed in @entity1 with @entity296 .

title: Evaluation of @entity296 through serum troponin I and echocardiography in XXXX .

answer: @entity2021 :: (MESH:D000707,Disease) :: ['anaphylaxis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The techniques of intracorporeal anastomosis and specimen extraction after laparoscopic colectomy via a natural orifice have gained interest increasingly. We evaluated the feasibility of our unique techniques for colorectal reconstruction and report immediate postoperative outcomes in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: @entity1 with sigmoid or @entity5 were selected depending on the size of the @entity5 and its distance from the anal verge. Demographic data, operative parameters, and postoperative outcomes were assessed. After complete resection of the @entity5 , all @entity1 underwent an intracorporeal side-to-end colorectal anastomosis following transrectal specimen extraction. RESULTS: Laparoscopic resection with our technique of intracorporeal anastomosis was successful in 32 @entity1 . The average operative time was 192      29  min, and mean @entity190 was 51      18  ml. All @entity1 experienced mild @entity282 , and bowel function returned before postoperative day 3 in most @entity1 . They had an uneventful postoperative course with a median hospital stay of 6  days. Major perioperative complications or @entity834 were not encountered in this study. The mean size of the lesion was 3.3      1.8  cm, and the mean number of harvested nodes was 14      6. During the follow-up period, there were no functional disorders associated with the intracorporeal anastomosis or transrectal specimen extraction. CONCLUSIONS: Intracorporeal side-to-end colorectal anastomosis with transrectal specimen extraction in laparoscopic colorectal surgery is a safe and effective procedure for @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Totally Laparoscopic Colectomy with Intracorporeal Side-to-End Colorectal Anastomosis and Transrectal Specimen Extraction for Sigmoid and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leak']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectosigmoid cancer', 'rectosigmoid malignancy', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Rectal Cancers']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Case report and review of literature. OBJECTIVE: To present an exceedingly rare occurrence of obstructive @entity1276 ( @entity1276 ) secondary to @entity548 ( @entity548 ) after incidental durotomy during lumbar spine surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Incidental durotomies are uncommon but well recognized complications associated with spine surgery. While mostly considered benign with no untoward clinical sequele, it can be symptomatic and present with spinal headaches, pseudomeningoceles, @entity2737 , @entity693 and @entity1779 . METHODS: A 76-year-old @entity1 underwent L3-S1 laminectomies and fusion for @entity4720 and @entity850 . Intraoperatively, a small incidental durotomy was encountered and primarily repaired. RESULTS: The @entity1 developed altered mental status on post-operative day 2. Computed tomography of the brain revealed obstructive @entity1276 and @entity548 . The @entity1 was immediately transferred to the neurosurgery intensive care unit and an external ventricular drain (EVD) was placed emergently with high opening pressure. Her mental status improved immediately after cerebral spinal fluid diversion. The EVD was successfully removal after 8 days. The @entity1 made a full recovery and was discharged in stable condition. CONCLUSIONS: Obstructive @entity1276 following @entity548 is an exceptionally rare but potentially life-threatening complication of incidental durotomies. Spine surgeons should be aware of this rare but serious complication.

title: @entity1276 Due to Intraventricular XXXX Following Incidental Durotomy during Lumbar Spine Surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus', 'HCP']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage', 'IVH']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['wound infection']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity4720 :: ('MESH:D055009', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar spondylosis']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['rarely intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['Hemorrhage']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Case report and review of literature. OBJECTIVE: To present an exceedingly rare occurrence of obstructive @entity1276 ( @entity1276 ) secondary to @entity548 ( @entity548 ) after incidental durotomy during lumbar spine surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Incidental durotomies are uncommon but well recognized complications associated with spine surgery. While mostly considered benign with no untoward clinical sequele, it can be symptomatic and present with spinal headaches, pseudomeningoceles, @entity2737 , @entity693 and @entity1779 . METHODS: A 76-year-old @entity1 underwent L3-S1 laminectomies and fusion for @entity4720 and @entity850 . Intraoperatively, a small incidental durotomy was encountered and primarily repaired. RESULTS: The @entity1 developed altered mental status on post-operative day 2. Computed tomography of the brain revealed obstructive @entity1276 and @entity548 . The @entity1 was immediately transferred to the neurosurgery intensive care unit and an external ventricular drain (EVD) was placed emergently with high opening pressure. Her mental status improved immediately after cerebral spinal fluid diversion. The EVD was successfully removal after 8 days. The @entity1 made a full recovery and was discharged in stable condition. CONCLUSIONS: Obstructive @entity1276 following @entity548 is an exceptionally rare but potentially life-threatening complication of incidental durotomies. Spine surgeons should be aware of this rare but serious complication.

title: XXXX Due to Intraventricular @entity548 Following Incidental Durotomy during Lumbar Spine Surgery.

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['Obstructive Hydrocephalus']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Improvements in agricultural practices in Croatia have reduced exposure to consumption of @entity42845 -contaminated flour and development of endemic (Balkan) @entity8 . Therefore, it was hypothesized that Bosnian immigrants who settled in an endemic area in Croatia 15-30 years ago would be at lower risk of developing endemic @entity8 because of reduced exposure to @entity42845 . To test this hypothesis, past and present exposure to @entity42845 , proximal tubule damage as a hallmark of endemic @entity8 , and prevalence of CKD in Bosnian immigrants were analyzed. DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: In this cross-sectional observational study from 2005 to 2010, 2161 farmers were divided into groups: indigenous inhabitants from endemic @entity8 and nonendemic @entity8 villages and Bosnian immigrants; a-1 microglobulin-to- @entity1011 ratio >31.5 mg/g and eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) were considered to be abnormal. RESULTS: CKD and proximal tubule damage prevalence was significantly lower in Bosnian immigrants than inhabitants of @entity8 (6.9% versus 16.6%; P<0.001; 1.3% versus 7.3%; P=0.003, respectively); 20 years ago, Bosnian immigrants observed fewer Aristolochia clematitis in cultivated fields (41.9% versus 67.8%) and fewer seeds among @entity3505 seeds (6.1% versus 35.6%) and ate more purchased than homemade bread compared with Croatian farmers from @entity8 (38.5% versus 14.8%, P<0.001). Both Croatian farmers and Bosnian immigrants observe significantly fewer Aristolochia plants growing in their fields compared with 15-30 years ago. Prior @entity42845 exposure was associated with proximal tubule damage (odds ratio, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 2.58; P=0.02), whereas present exposure was not (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 0.75 to 2.30; P=0.33). Furthermore, immigrant status was an independent negative predictor of proximal tubule damage (odds ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.19 to 0.86; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Bosnian immigrants and autochthonous Croats residing in endemic areas are exposed significantly less to ingestion of @entity42845 than in the past. The prevalence of endemic @entity8 and its associated @entity5 is predicted to decrease over time.

title: Chronic dietary exposure to XXXX and kidney function in native farmers from a croatian endemic area and bosnian immigrants.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'endemic nephropathy villages']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial cancers']

entities_list: @entity42845 :: ('MESH:C000228', 'Chemical') :: ['aristolochic acid']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity42845 :: (MESH:C000228,Chemical) :: ['aristolochic Acid']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: PKA plays a critical role in water excretion through regulation of the production and action of the antidiuretic hormone, arginine vasopressin (AVP). The AVP prohormone is produced in the hypothalamus where its transcription is regulated by cAMP. Once released into circulation, AVP stimulates antidiuresis through activation of vasopressin 2 receptors ( @entity59721 ) in renal principal cells. V2R activation increases cAMP and activates PKA, which in turn phosphorylates @entity21515 , triggering apical membrane accumulation, increased collecting duct permeability and water reabsorption. We used @entity61376 -Cre-mediated expression of a dominant-negative PKA regulatory subunit (RIaB) to disrupt kinase activity in vivo and assess the role of PKA in fluid homeostasis. RIaB expression gave rise to marked @entity4683 and @entity2011 ; however, neither hypothalamic Avp mRNA expression nor urinary AVP levels were attenuated, indicating a primary physiological effect on the kidney. RIaB @entity19 displayed a marked deficit in urinary concentrating ability and greatly reduced levels of @entity21515 and phospho- @entity21515 . @entity2700 induced @entity21515 mRNA in the kidney of both control and RIaB-expressing @entity19 , but @entity21515 protein levels were still reduced in RIaB-expressing mutants and the @entity19 are unable to fully concentrate their urine and conserve water. We conclude that partial PKA inhibition in kidney leads to post-translational effects that reduce @entity21515 protein levels, and interfere with apical membrane localization. These findings demonstrate a distinct physiological role for PKA signaling in both short- and long-term regulation of @entity21515 and characterize a novel @entity19 model of @entity2010 .

title: Expression of a dominant negative Protein Kinase A (PKA) mutation in kidney elicits a XXXX phenotype.

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['Dehydration']

entities_list: @entity4683 :: ('MESH:D059606', 'Disease') :: ['polydipsia']

entities_list: @entity59721 :: ('p|SUB|V|2|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V2R']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity2010 :: (MESH:D003919,Disease) :: ['diabetes insipidus']


abstract: @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) frequently leads to generalized @entity717 and gait disturbances which cause serious discomfort among @entity1 . @entity1 gait is a complex process in the central nervous system that results from the integration of various mechanisms which remain unclear. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to investigate the cortical activity patterns during gait movement in @entity1566 . In this study, brain activity was recorded by electroencephalogram (EEG) during two kinds of gait-like movements. Phase synchronization between motor cortices was investigated through source analysis and phase locking. Results revealed that diverse neural networks with different resonance-like frequencies exist in the brain. Further, we found that the premotor cortex played an important role in the control of @entity717 . In attempted/active movement, spatial function and multimodal integration with somatosensory information are crucial aspects of posterior parietal cortex function which need to be considered separately in different EEG bands. Our results further confirmed that neural system control patterns in @entity717 differ from those in attempted or active gait-like movement. Novel insights into @entity1 gait will provide a basis for improvements in future neurorehabilitation applications.

title: Phase Synchronization Between Motor Cortices During Gait Movement in @entity1 With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['locomotor disability', 'passive gait-like movement']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human', 'Human']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']


abstract: @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) frequently leads to generalized @entity717 and gait disturbances which cause serious discomfort among @entity1 . @entity1 gait is a complex process in the central nervous system that results from the integration of various mechanisms which remain unclear. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to investigate the cortical activity patterns during gait movement in @entity1566 . In this study, brain activity was recorded by electroencephalogram (EEG) during two kinds of gait-like movements. Phase synchronization between motor cortices was investigated through source analysis and phase locking. Results revealed that diverse neural networks with different resonance-like frequencies exist in the brain. Further, we found that the premotor cortex played an important role in the control of @entity717 . In attempted/active movement, spatial function and multimodal integration with somatosensory information are crucial aspects of posterior parietal cortex function which need to be considered separately in different EEG bands. Our results further confirmed that neural system control patterns in @entity717 differ from those in attempted or active gait-like movement. Novel insights into @entity1 gait will provide a basis for improvements in future neurorehabilitation applications.

title: Phase Synchronization Between Motor Cortices During Gait Movement in XXXX With @entity1566 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']