abstract: PURPOSE: This study evaluates chemoembolization (CE) of the liver with minimal vasoconstriction followed by selective intraarterial delivery of an emulsion of @entity3990 , @entity632 , and ethiodized oil and temporary occlusion of hepatic artery with gelatin sponge powder in @entity1 with @entity157 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Since 1988, 30 @entity1 with nonresectable @entity157 underwent CE with the above protocol. Intraarterial @entity1425 (0.5-1 microgram diluted in 10 mL of saline) was rapidly injected directly into the proper hepatic artery or selectively into the right or left hepatic arteries and was followed by 40-60 mg of @entity632 dissolved in 10 mL of @entity3990 and emulsified in 20 mL of ethiodized oil. The chemoembolic mixture was injected at the rate of arterial flow. Liver function and clotting parameters were monitored three times a day until there was a downward trend toward preembolic levels. Computed tomography (CT) was performed immediately after embolization and at 1-3-month intervals. Embolization was repeated when CT demonstrated recurrent or progressive disease. RESULTS: Disease recurred or progressed in 11 @entity1 at 2-17 months after embolization. CE was repeated in four @entity1 ; one individual underwent three embolizations. Re-embolization was performed up to 14 months after initial embolization (median, 10 months). Five @entity1 (16.7%) died within 1 month of embolization. Ten @entity1 died at 3-33 months after CE. Two of these @entity1 died of @entity82 at 6 and 14 months, without evidence of recurrent @entity5 . Fifteen @entity1 remain alive 5-28 months after CE. Kaplan-Meier estimation of probability of survival curves demonstrates a median survival of 14 months. Sixty-one percent of @entity1 were alive at 1 year and 36% at 2 years after the procedure. CONCLUSION: CE with use of the above technique is effective for palliating inoperable @entity157 . It causes a significant prolongation of survival over the expected 18-24 weeks in untreated @entity1 ; this may occur because high doses of chemotherapeutic agents are delivered and come in contact with the @entity5 for a longer period, followed by @entity63 brought about by temporary arterial occlusion.

title: @entity157 : @entity1425 followed by a XXXX -ethiodized oil emulsion and gelatin sponge powder.

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study evaluates chemoembolization (CE) of the liver with minimal vasoconstriction followed by selective intraarterial delivery of an emulsion of @entity3990 , @entity632 , and ethiodized oil and temporary occlusion of hepatic artery with gelatin sponge powder in @entity1 with @entity157 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Since 1988, 30 @entity1 with nonresectable @entity157 underwent CE with the above protocol. Intraarterial @entity1425 (0.5-1 microgram diluted in 10 mL of saline) was rapidly injected directly into the proper hepatic artery or selectively into the right or left hepatic arteries and was followed by 40-60 mg of @entity632 dissolved in 10 mL of @entity3990 and emulsified in 20 mL of ethiodized oil. The chemoembolic mixture was injected at the rate of arterial flow. Liver function and clotting parameters were monitored three times a day until there was a downward trend toward preembolic levels. Computed tomography (CT) was performed immediately after embolization and at 1-3-month intervals. Embolization was repeated when CT demonstrated recurrent or progressive disease. RESULTS: Disease recurred or progressed in 11 @entity1 at 2-17 months after embolization. CE was repeated in four @entity1 ; one individual underwent three embolizations. Re-embolization was performed up to 14 months after initial embolization (median, 10 months). Five @entity1 (16.7%) died within 1 month of embolization. Ten @entity1 died at 3-33 months after CE. Two of these @entity1 died of @entity82 at 6 and 14 months, without evidence of recurrent @entity5 . Fifteen @entity1 remain alive 5-28 months after CE. Kaplan-Meier estimation of probability of survival curves demonstrates a median survival of 14 months. Sixty-one percent of @entity1 were alive at 1 year and 36% at 2 years after the procedure. CONCLUSION: CE with use of the above technique is effective for palliating inoperable @entity157 . It causes a significant prolongation of survival over the expected 18-24 weeks in untreated @entity1 ; this may occur because high doses of chemotherapeutic agents are delivered and come in contact with the @entity5 for a longer period, followed by @entity63 brought about by temporary arterial occlusion.

title: XXXX : @entity1425 followed by a @entity632 -ethiodized oil emulsion and gelatin sponge powder.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3990 :: ('MESH:D007479', 'Chemical') :: ['iopamidol']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['Chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We previously established three logistic regression models for discriminating @entity1756 status based on morphological and hemodynamic analysis of 119 @entity439 . In this study, we tested if these models would remain stable with increasing sample size, and investigated sample sizes required for various confidence levels (CIs). METHODS: We augmented our previous dataset of 119 @entity439 into a new dataset of 204 samples by collecting an additional 85 consecutive @entity439 , on which we performed flow simulation and calculated morphological and hemodynamic parameters, as done previously. We performed univariate significance tests on these parameters, and multivariate logistic regression on significant parameters. The new regression models were compared against the original models. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was applied to compare the performance of regression models. Furthermore, we performed regression analysis based on bootstrapping resampling statistical simulations to explore how many @entity439 cases were required to generate stable models. RESULTS: Univariate tests of the 204 @entity439 generated an identical list of significant morphological and hemodynamic parameters as previously (from the analysis of 119 cases). Furthermore, multivariate regression analysis produced three parsimonious predictive models that were almost identical to the previous ones, with model coefficients that had narrower CIs than the original ones. Bootstrapping showed that 10%, 5%, 2%, and 1% convergence levels of CI required 120, 200, 500, and 900 @entity439 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our original hemodynamic-morphological @entity397 models are stable and improve with increasing sample size. Results from resampling statistical simulations provide guidance for designing future large multi-population studies.

title: Hemodynamic-morphological discriminant models for XXXX remain stable with increasing sample size.

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['rupture prediction']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm', 'aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysm rupture']


abstract: A @entity291 genomic DNA library was surveyed with respect to the template activity for RNA-primed DNA synthesis by @entity291 thymus DNA polymerase alpha-primase complex. About 7% of the single-stranded DNA clones contained distinct initiation sites consisting of @entity7391 clusters of @entity7391 -rich sequences. The initiation sites were located at or near the 3'-end of the @entity7391 clusters. One of these sequences, containing a 10-mer @entity7391 cluster with major initiation sites, was analyzed in detail. By the successive substitutions of @entity6245 in the cluster with oligodeoxydenylate @entity21443 in the 5' to 3' direction, the minimum length of the initiation sequence was estimated to be as long as the 7-mer. In contrast, when one or three @entity6245 at the 3'-end of the cluster were replaced with (dA)n, the priming activity was largely lost, indicating that these @entity7391 residues were indispensable for priming. Furthermore, base substitutions of upstream or downstream sequences outside the @entity7391 cluster also decreased the total priming frequencies. Interestingly, the base substitutions inside or outside of the @entity7391 cluster sometimes caused a shift in the major priming sites. These results indicate that the minimum priming unit of the CTPPS1 template for RNA-primed DNA synthesis consists of a @entity7391 cluster (6-mer) with one @entity10043 at its 3'-border and that both the 3'-downstream 6-bases and the 5'-upstream 17-bases modulate the priming by enhancing the priming frequency and/or slightly shifting the sites of initiation of primer synthesis. It was also revealed that the lengths of the product RNA primers became shorter as the length of @entity7391 cluster was shortened by substitution with (dA)n. The gel retardation assay further showed that the complex formation between DNA polymerase alpha-primase and the DNA templates was strongly in competition with @entity70093 , @entity71365 , and poly(dT) but not with poly(dA). Furthermore, template activities as well as the @entity7391 contents of a series of base-substituted DNA correlated well with their affinities to the enzyme, as measured by both gel retardation assay and their Km values for the priming reaction. Apparently, DNA polymerase alpha-primase primarily recognizes the minimum priming unit consisting of a @entity7391 cluster with a @entity10043 at the 3'-boundary of @entity10043 , but the initiation of primer RNA synthesis can be modified by @entity7391 residues outside of the minimum priming unit.

title: RNA priming coupled with DNA synthesis on natural template by XXXX thymus DNA polymerase alpha-primase.

entities_list: @entity6245 :: ('MESH:D011743', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimidines']

entities_list: @entity7391 :: ('MESH:C030986', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimidine']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['calf']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Various stent models have been developed for the treatment of inoperable stenoses of the central airways caused by external compression. Increasing use is made of the silicone stents designed by Dumon. We tested their technical feasibility, tolerance, and long-term efficacy in relieving respiratory symptoms in @entity1 referred for endoscopic palliation of @entity5 . METHODS: All procedures were performed under general anesthesia with the use of the rigid bronchoscope. We inserted 38 stents in 31 @entity1 (median age, 67 years; 25 @entity1 and 6 @entity1 ) whose airways showed residual obstruction of > 50 percent of the lumen after laser resection of @entity5 and/or mechanical dilatation of extrinsic compressions. RESULTS: Stent placement and removal--where necessary--were easy in all @entity1 , but five stents inserted in three @entity1 with short (< or = 2.5 cm) and conical stenoses migrated, necessitating emergency removal. In 27 of the remaining 28 @entity1 , stent tolerance was excellent; 1 proximal tracheal stent (< 1 cm below the vocal cords) had to be removed because of @entity7867 and @entity1282 . One lethal hemoptysis occurred within hours after a repeated laser therapy and removal of an indwelling stent. No other serious complications occurred. Immediate and lasting relief of @entity1353 and improvement in performance status (Karnofsky scale, activity index) was achieved in 90 percent (28/31) of @entity1 (p < 0.01). The influence of adjuvant radiotherapy on @entity5 recurrence and survival was analyzed in a subgroup of ten @entity1 with @entity1544 with comparable performance status. Five did not undergo adjuvant radiotherapy (group A) and five did (group B). In group A, four of five stents were occluded by @entity5 recurrence above or below the stent after a median follow-up of 2 months; in group B, zero of five were occluded (p < 0.05) after 4 months. Median survival was 4 months in group A and 6 months in group B; the difference did not reach significance. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1346 stents designed by Dumon are easily inserted and removed; they are also well tolerated and very efficacious in relieving respiratory symptoms caused by extrinsic airway compression. Short and conical stenoses present limitations for their use due to increased risk of migration. Combined treatment with laser resection, stent insertion, and subsequent radiotherapy is necessary to prevent @entity5 recurrence and may improve survival.

title: XXXX stents in the management of inoperable tracheobronchial stenoses. Indications and limitations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant disease', 'endobronchial tumor', 'local tumor']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['stage IIIB squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['Silicone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of treating @entity1 with a recent onset, biopsy-proven keratoacanthoma with short-contact topical 5% @entity1487 cream twice daily until resolution. DESIGN: Chart review of 10 @entity1 who applied 5% @entity1487 for the treatment of biopsy-proven keratoacanthoma. SETTING: Outpatient clinic of a board-certified dermatologist. @entity1 : The study population was 90-percent @entity1 (9/10), 10-percent @entity1 (1/10) and ranged in ages from 52 to 92 years old with a mean age of 74.4. MEASUREMENTS: @entity1 were followed for weekly visits for the duration of their treatment and at varying, less-frequent intervals after resolution of the lesion clinically. Photographs were taken at each visit. RESULTS: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 10 @entity1 with biopsy-confirmed @entity7390 treated with topical @entity1487 . One @entity1 elected to have Mohs surgery after one week of topical @entity1487 due to personal concern and cosmetic appearance and did not complain of any side effects due to the drug. Of the nine @entity1 that remained on topical @entity1487 , all @entity1 had complete resolution of the lesion within six weeks. The range in the number of weeks to resolution was four to six weeks. Two @entity1 required a one- to two-week drug holiday secondary to erythema, which resolved without any further complication or @entity1 discomfort. All nine @entity1 who continued therapy reported satisfaction with the results and showed excellent compliance with treatment. CONCLUSION: Short-contact topical 5% @entity1487 appears to provide excellent cosmetic results and is well-tolerated by @entity1 . This should be an initial consideration for the treatment of @entity7390 and does not preclude future surgical intervention if deemed necessary.

title: Clinical efficacy of short contact topical @entity1487 in the treatment of XXXX : a retrospective analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity7390 :: ('MESH:D007636', 'Disease') :: ['keratoacanthomas']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity7390 :: (MESH:D007636,Disease) :: ['keratoacanthomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of treating @entity1 with a recent onset, biopsy-proven keratoacanthoma with short-contact topical 5% @entity1487 cream twice daily until resolution. DESIGN: Chart review of 10 @entity1 who applied 5% @entity1487 for the treatment of biopsy-proven keratoacanthoma. SETTING: Outpatient clinic of a board-certified dermatologist. @entity1 : The study population was 90-percent @entity1 (9/10), 10-percent @entity1 (1/10) and ranged in ages from 52 to 92 years old with a mean age of 74.4. MEASUREMENTS: @entity1 were followed for weekly visits for the duration of their treatment and at varying, less-frequent intervals after resolution of the lesion clinically. Photographs were taken at each visit. RESULTS: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 10 @entity1 with biopsy-confirmed @entity7390 treated with topical @entity1487 . One @entity1 elected to have Mohs surgery after one week of topical @entity1487 due to personal concern and cosmetic appearance and did not complain of any side effects due to the drug. Of the nine @entity1 that remained on topical @entity1487 , all @entity1 had complete resolution of the lesion within six weeks. The range in the number of weeks to resolution was four to six weeks. Two @entity1 required a one- to two-week drug holiday secondary to erythema, which resolved without any further complication or @entity1 discomfort. All nine @entity1 who continued therapy reported satisfaction with the results and showed excellent compliance with treatment. CONCLUSION: Short-contact topical 5% @entity1487 appears to provide excellent cosmetic results and is well-tolerated by @entity1 . This should be an initial consideration for the treatment of @entity7390 and does not preclude future surgical intervention if deemed necessary.

title: Clinical efficacy of short contact topical XXXX in the treatment of @entity7390 : a retrospective analysis.

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-Fluorouracil']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors are a diverse group of cytokines now commercially available through recombinant technology. The colony-stimulating factors have proven utility in a wide spectrum of cytopenic states, and their use is now common-place. Unlike many cytokines, the colony-stimulating factors are usually well tolerated. We present a dramatic case of @entity6794 arising during granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy. Additionally, the relevant literature regarding cutaneous complications of colony-stimulating factor therapy is summarized. OBSERVATIONS: Including our case, two reported @entity1 developed @entity6794 while under colony-stimulating factor therapy. @entity7250 presented in an additional three @entity1 , and @entity1333 was precipitated in three others. The @entity203 consistently developed after 1 to 2 weeks of colony-stimulating factor therapy and were apparently unrelated to the underlying @entity262 . Although most reactions developed de novo, three were superimposed on a preexisting inflammatory process. CONCLUSIONS: Serious cutaneous adverse effects of colony-stimulating factors are distinctly rare but include @entity272 and @entity1333 . Upregulation of neutrophilic function and secondary release of cytokines may induce these complications. Early recognition and cessation of colony-stimulating factor therapy will limit the morbidity of these adverse events.

title: Leukocyte colony-stimulating factors. A review of associated XXXX and vasculitides.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6794 :: ('MESH:D017511', 'Disease') :: ['pyoderma gangrenosum']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['eruptions']

entities_list: @entity7250 :: ('MESH:D016463', 'Disease') :: ["Sweet's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic illness']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilic dermatoses']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['neutrophilic dermatoses']


abstract: Low/medium- @entity548 -risk populations undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) show significantly less @entity548 with bivalirudin ( @entity3032 ) than with unfractionated heparin (UFH), but this has not been established for high-risk @entity1 . We performed a randomized double-blind prospective trial comparing efficacy and safety of @entity3032 versus UFH combined with dual antiplatelet therapy during PCI among 100 high-risk @entity1 with non-ST elevation @entity583 (NSTEMI) or @entity951 . The baseline characteristics were similar in both treatment arms. A radial approach was used in 84% of @entity1 with a higher rate in the @entity3032 group (90 vs. 78%, p   <   0.05). Study end points were: major and @entity548 , port-of-entry complications, major adverse @entity299 (MACE) in-hospital, and at long-term follow-up. There was one case of major @entity360 in the @entity3032 group and 7% @entity548 complications in both categories. Rate of periprocedural @entity583 (PPMI) in the @entity3032 group was twice that in the UFH group (20 vs. 10%, p   <   0.16). In-hospital MACE rate was higher in @entity3032 @entity1 as well (12 vs. 2%, p   =   0.1). By univariate analysis, the femoral approach was the predictor of PPMI and in-hospital MACE. In a multivariate model, the independent predictor of PPMI was previous MI (odds ratio, 7.7; p   <   0.0158). PPMI was 49.7 times more likely with the femoral approach plus @entity3032 than the nonfemoral approach plus UFH (p   <   0.0021). At 41.5        14 months' follow-up, end points did not significantly differ between the groups. In @entity1 at high risk for @entity548 undergoing PCI, @entity3032 was not superior to UFH for @entity548 complications, and early and late clinical outcomes.

title: Bivalirudin versus Unfractionated Heparin during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in XXXX at High Risk for Bleeding.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'minor bleeding']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the context of @entity281 , progressive illness resulting in acute organ dysfunction is thought to be secondary to inflammatory response. Our aims were to determine risk factors for progressive @entity281 in a low-risk hospitalised cohort, including the impact of prior stain therapy. METHODS: We performed a prospective observational cohort study on two adult acute medical wards of a single tertiary academic hospital. We screened drug prescription charts of all adult acute medical admissions for inclusion criteria of inpatient administration of antibiotics for more than 24 hours for a microbiologically confirmed or clinically suspected @entity281 . @entity1 were followed until admission to a high dependency unit (HDU) or intensive care unit (ICU), discharge from hospital, or to a maximum of 10 days. Outcomes were evolution of @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ) criteria, white cell count and @entity1851 measurements, and adverse clinical outcomes. We constructed multivariable models accounting for repeated within- @entity1 measurements to determine associations between a priori selected predictors (days since admission, age, gender, Charlson score, prior statin exposure) and selected outcomes. RESULTS: We enrolled 209 @entity1 ; 27.8% were statin users and the commonest @entity281 was @entity55 (51.0%). Most (88.0%) had at least 1 @entity1850 criterion on admission, and 76 (37.3%) manifested additional @entity1850 criteria over time. Risks of admission to HDU/ICU (3.3%) and of 30-day mortality (5.7%) were low. The proportion of @entity1 with at least 1 @entity1850 criterion, mean CRP, and mean WBC all decreased over time. Multivariable regression models identified days since hospital admission as the only variable associated with daily presence of @entity1850 criteria, WCC, or @entity1851 and p < 0.0001 in all analyses). Statin exposure was not a significant predictor. CONCLUSIONS: This cohort of ward @entity1 treated for @entity281 had a low risk of clinical deterioration, inflammatory markers improved over time, and statin exposure was not associated with any outcome. Future larger studies may identify risk factors for progression of illness in this population and plausible surrogate endpoints for evaluation in clinical trials.

title: The influence of statin exposure on inflammatory markers in XXXX with early bacterial infection: pilot prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'illness following infection']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome', 'SIRS']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP (adjusted OR <1']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1003 after living donor hepatectomy (LDH) may endanger donor safety during removal of thoracic epidural catheter (TEC). The present study was conducted to evaluate the extent and duration of immediate @entity86 after LDH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of perioperative record of LDH over three years was conducted after IRB approval. Variables such as age, gender, BMI, ASA classification, liver volume on CT scan, preoperative and postoperative INR, platelet count (PC) and ALT of each donor for five days was noted. In addition, duration of surgery, remnant as percentage total liver volume (Remnant%), @entity190 , day of peak in PC and INR were also noted. @entity1003 was defined as being present if INR exceeded 1.5 or platelet count fell below 1 * 10 5 /mm 3 on any day. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 for Windows. Between group comparison was made using the Student 't' test for continuous variables and chi square test for categorical variables. Univariate analysis was done. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to find independent factor associated with @entity1003 . RESULTS: Eighty four (84) donors had @entity1003 on second day (mean INR 1.9    0.42). Low BMI, % of remnant liver and duration of surgery were independent predictors of @entity1003 . Right lobe hepatectomy had more @entity1003 than left lobe and low BMI was the only independent predictor. There was no correlation of @entity1003 with age, gender, @entity190 , presence of epidural catheter, postoperative ALT or duration of hospital stay. High INR was the main contributor for @entity1003 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1003 is seen after donor hepatectomy. We recommend removal of the epidural catheter after the fifth postoperative day when INR falls below 1.5.

title: XXXX after live related donor hepatectomy: Incidence, predictors and implications for safety of thoracic epidural catheter.

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy', 'Coagulopathy']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['Postoperative coagulopathy']


abstract: @entity10679 SQR9 exhibited predominantly antagonistic activities against a broad range of soilborne pathogens. The fungi-induced SQR9 extracts possess stronger antifungal activities compared with SQR9 monoculture extracts. To investigate how SQR9 fine-tunes lipopeptides (LPs) and a siderophore bacillibactin production to control different fungal pathogens, LPs and bacillibactin production and transcription of the respective encoding genes in SQR9 were measured and compared with six different soilborne fungal pathogens. SQR9 altered its spectrum of antifungal compounds production responding to different fungal pathogen. @entity71366 was the major LP produced when SQR9 was confronted with @entity4278 . Fengycin contributed to the antagonistic activity against @entity23696 kleb, @entity4278 , @entity10437 , and Phytophthora parasitica. Surfactin participated in the antagonistic process against @entity19868 , Rhizoctonia solani, and @entity10437 . Bacillibactin was up-regulated when SQR9 was confronted with all tested fungi. The reduction in antagonistic activities of three LP and bacillibactin deficient mutants of SQR9 when confronted with the six soilborne fungal pathogens provided further evidence of the contribution of LPs and bacillibactin in controlling fungal pathogens. These results provide a new understanding of specific cues in bacteria-fungi interactions and provide insights for agricultural applications.

title: Responses of beneficial XXXX SQR9 to different soilborne fungal pathogens through the alteration of antifungal compounds production.

entities_list: @entity10679 :: ('1390', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus amyloliquefaciens']

entities_list: @entity10437 :: ('169388', 'Species') :: ['Fusarium solani']

entities_list: @entity19868 :: ('5180', 'Species') :: ['Sclerotinia sclerotiorum']

entities_list: @entity4278 :: ('5507', 'Species') :: ['Fusarium oxysporum']

entities_list: @entity71366 :: ('MESH:C027845', 'Chemical') :: ['Bacillomycin D']

entities_list: @entity23696 :: ('27337', 'Species') :: ['Verticillium dahliae']

answer: @entity10679 :: (1390,Species) :: ['Bacillus amyloliquefaciens']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We investigated the expression of @entity23797 ( @entity23797 ) and @entity34650 ( @entity34650 ) in @entity5 . To analyze @entity23797 and @entity34650 expression, an endocervical cytobrush sample was taken for total RNA isolation. @entity34650 and @entity23797 mRNA was quantified from total RNA using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A total of 71 samples were collected and classified according to the Bethesda Classification of squamous @entity75 . @entity23797 expression was observed in 9 (12.7%) samples; of these, 5.3, 5.9, 14.8, and 37.5% in the groups that were cytology negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ), @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ), and @entity189 , respectively. The expression level of @entity23797 was significantly higher in the group with @entity189 as compared with the groups negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, @entity2784 , and @entity2784 (P < 0.0005). @entity34650 mRNA was expressed in all samples. @entity34650 expression was significantly higher in @entity189 groups compared with @entity2784 , @entity2784 , and negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy groups. We found that @entity23797 and @entity34650 expressions in the @entity2784 and @entity189 groups were higher than expression in cytological normal samples. Additional studies should be conducted to examine the function of transcription factors during different stages of the transformation of cervical @entity5 cells.

title: XXXX and @entity34650 are overexpressed in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['intraepithelial lesions']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cervical carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity34650 :: ('10664', 'Gene') :: ['CCCTC-binding factor', 'CTCF']

entities_list: @entity23797 :: ('140690', 'Gene') :: ['Brother of Regulator of Imprinted Sites', 'BORIS']

entities_list: @entity2784 :: ('MESH:D065310', 'Disease') :: ['high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions', 'LSIL', 'HSIL', 'low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions']

answer: @entity23797 :: (140690,Gene) :: ['BORIS']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We investigated the expression of @entity23797 ( @entity23797 ) and @entity34650 ( @entity34650 ) in @entity5 . To analyze @entity23797 and @entity34650 expression, an endocervical cytobrush sample was taken for total RNA isolation. @entity34650 and @entity23797 mRNA was quantified from total RNA using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A total of 71 samples were collected and classified according to the Bethesda Classification of squamous @entity75 . @entity23797 expression was observed in 9 (12.7%) samples; of these, 5.3, 5.9, 14.8, and 37.5% in the groups that were cytology negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ), @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ), and @entity189 , respectively. The expression level of @entity23797 was significantly higher in the group with @entity189 as compared with the groups negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, @entity2784 , and @entity2784 (P < 0.0005). @entity34650 mRNA was expressed in all samples. @entity34650 expression was significantly higher in @entity189 groups compared with @entity2784 , @entity2784 , and negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy groups. We found that @entity23797 and @entity34650 expressions in the @entity2784 and @entity189 groups were higher than expression in cytological normal samples. Additional studies should be conducted to examine the function of transcription factors during different stages of the transformation of cervical @entity5 cells.

title: @entity23797 and @entity34650 are overexpressed in XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We investigated the expression of @entity23797 ( @entity23797 ) and @entity34650 ( @entity34650 ) in @entity5 . To analyze @entity23797 and @entity34650 expression, an endocervical cytobrush sample was taken for total RNA isolation. @entity34650 and @entity23797 mRNA was quantified from total RNA using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A total of 71 samples were collected and classified according to the Bethesda Classification of squamous @entity75 . @entity23797 expression was observed in 9 (12.7%) samples; of these, 5.3, 5.9, 14.8, and 37.5% in the groups that were cytology negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ), @entity2784 ( @entity2784 ), and @entity189 , respectively. The expression level of @entity23797 was significantly higher in the group with @entity189 as compared with the groups negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, @entity2784 , and @entity2784 (P < 0.0005). @entity34650 mRNA was expressed in all samples. @entity34650 expression was significantly higher in @entity189 groups compared with @entity2784 , @entity2784 , and negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy groups. We found that @entity23797 and @entity34650 expressions in the @entity2784 and @entity189 groups were higher than expression in cytological normal samples. Additional studies should be conducted to examine the function of transcription factors during different stages of the transformation of cervical @entity5 cells.

title: @entity23797 and XXXX are overexpressed in @entity5 .

answer: @entity34650 :: (10664,Gene) :: ['CTCF']


abstract: External ventricular drainage (EVD) is frequently used in neurosurgery to drain cerebrospinal fluid in @entity1 with @entity428 . We performed a retrospective single center study in order to evaluate the incidence of @entity67 and to identify underlying risk factors. 246 EVDs were placed in 218 @entity1 over a 30-month period. EVD was continued in median for 7 days (range 1-44). The cumulative incidence of @entity67 was 8.3% (95% CI, 5.3-12.7) with a device-associated @entity281 rate of 10.4 per 1000 drainage days (95% CI, 6.2-16.5). The pathogens most commonly identified were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (62%) followed by Enterococcus spp. (19%). @entity1 with an EVD-related @entity281 had a significantly longer ICU (11 versus 21 days, P < 0.01) and hospital stay (20 versus 28.5 days, P < 0.01) than @entity1 without. Median total duration of external drainage was twice as long in @entity1 with EVD-related @entity281 (6 versus 12 days, P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the duration between first EVD placement and the occurrence of EVD-related @entity281 and EVD removal in @entity1 without EVD-related @entity281 (6 versus 7 days, P = 0.87), respectively. Interestingly no risk factor for EVD-related @entity281 could be identified in our cohort of @entity1 .

title: XXXX : risk factors and outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['EVD-related infections']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['raised intracranial pressure']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['External ventricular drain infections']


abstract: The treatment of @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ) usually involves surgical excision or stereotactic radiosurgery. However, for large @entity5513 (mean diameter  >  3  cm), stereotactic radiosurgery is rarely used, leaving @entity1 with limited noninvasive treatment options. Recently, the use of fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) has been effective in treating small to medium-sized @entity5513 . We present a @entity1 with a large @entity5513 treated with FSRT. The @entity1 was a 43-year-old @entity1 presenting with imbalance, @entity392 , vertigo, and right-sided hearing decline associated with @entity391 and @entity1276 . Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a large, 3.8-cm, @entity5513 compressing the fourth ventricle. Following right frontal ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, the @entity1 underwent FSRT for treatment of the @entity5 . Using the Radionics X-Knife 4.0 3D treatment planning system, a total of 54  Gy was delivered in 1.8-Gy daily fractions with the prescription isodose line of 90%. Treatments were delivered using a dedicated Varian 6/100 linear accelerator, and head immobilization was achieved with the Gill-Thomas-Cosman relocatable stereotactic frame. The @entity1 was subsequently evaluated with serial contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Following FSRT, local control (defined as the absence of @entity5 progression) was achieved, and treatment was well tolerated. There was no hearing-related, trigeminal, or facial-nerve morbidity following FSRT at 63-month follow-up. Treating a @entity1 with a large @entity5513 with FSRT resulted in @entity5 control, with no trigeminal nerve, facial nerve, or hearing-related morbidity. These results support FSRT as a potential noninvasive treatment modality for @entity5513 some would consider too large for single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

title: The treatment of a large XXXX with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['acoustic neuromas', 'right cerebellopontine-angle tumor', 'AN']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'local tumor']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['acoustic tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) using Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values in discriminating between @entity1 with @entity5 and normal prostate tissue before the initial systematic core biopsy. The relationship between histological grade of @entity263 and ADC values in the peripheral zone was also investigated. MATERIAL/METHODS: Our study included 62 @entity1 who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis. The examinations were performed in T1-, T2-weighted, DWI and T1 after dynamic contrast administration sequences. In all @entity1 there were abnormal foci within the peripheral zone determined in DWI/ADC. ADC values were compared with the Gleason score (GS) after core needle biopsy (CNB) in @entity1 with low, medium and high stage @entity5 . RESULTS: Within the examined group of @entity1 , ADC was statistically higher for normal tissue than for cancerous tissue (p=0.00). Mean ADC values for @entity1 with low, intermediate and high GS were 0.85  0.03, 0.72  0.03, and 0.61  0.04, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: DWI/ADC is useful in differentiating high-risk @entity1 from those at low and intermediate risk, since there is a significant correlation between ADC values determined in @entity1 included in three different groups according to their Gleason score. This information may be helpful in the assessment of @entity263 @entity146 .

title: The Utility of Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) Using Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Values in Discriminating Between XXXX and Normal Tissue.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNA-143 serves as a @entity5 suppressor in many @entity1 @entity5 . However, its involvement in @entity957 ( @entity957 ) is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of @entity6957 in @entity957 tumorigenesis and development. Using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we detected @entity6957 expression in 109 pairs of @entity1 @entity957 and adjacent noncancerous tissues. The associations between @entity6957 expression and clinicopathological factors and prognosis of @entity957 @entity1 were also statistically analyzed. Further, the effects of @entity6957 on the biological behavior of @entity957 cells were investigated. @entity6957 expression was significantly downregulated in @entity957 tissue samples and cell lines. Decreased @entity6957 expression was significantly associated with advanced T classifications, positive N classification, advanced TNM stage, and shorter overall survival. In addition, upregulation of @entity6957 in Tca8113 cells reduced cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. These findings validate the clinical significance of @entity6957 in @entity957 and reveal that it may be an intrinsic regulator of @entity5 progression and a potential prognostic factor for this disease.

title: Decreased microRNA-143 expression and its @entity5 suppressive function in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OSCC', 'oral squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['oral squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNA-143 serves as a @entity5 suppressor in many @entity1 @entity5 . However, its involvement in @entity957 ( @entity957 ) is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of @entity6957 in @entity957 tumorigenesis and development. Using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we detected @entity6957 expression in 109 pairs of @entity1 @entity957 and adjacent noncancerous tissues. The associations between @entity6957 expression and clinicopathological factors and prognosis of @entity957 @entity1 were also statistically analyzed. Further, the effects of @entity6957 on the biological behavior of @entity957 cells were investigated. @entity6957 expression was significantly downregulated in @entity957 tissue samples and cell lines. Decreased @entity6957 expression was significantly associated with advanced T classifications, positive N classification, advanced TNM stage, and shorter overall survival. In addition, upregulation of @entity6957 in Tca8113 cells reduced cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. These findings validate the clinical significance of @entity6957 in @entity957 and reveal that it may be an intrinsic regulator of @entity5 progression and a potential prognostic factor for this disease.

title: Decreased microRNA-143 expression and its XXXX suppressive function in @entity1 @entity957 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNA-143 serves as a @entity5 suppressor in many @entity1 @entity5 . However, its involvement in @entity957 ( @entity957 ) is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of @entity6957 in @entity957 tumorigenesis and development. Using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we detected @entity6957 expression in 109 pairs of @entity1 @entity957 and adjacent noncancerous tissues. The associations between @entity6957 expression and clinicopathological factors and prognosis of @entity957 @entity1 were also statistically analyzed. Further, the effects of @entity6957 on the biological behavior of @entity957 cells were investigated. @entity6957 expression was significantly downregulated in @entity957 tissue samples and cell lines. Decreased @entity6957 expression was significantly associated with advanced T classifications, positive N classification, advanced TNM stage, and shorter overall survival. In addition, upregulation of @entity6957 in Tca8113 cells reduced cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. These findings validate the clinical significance of @entity6957 in @entity957 and reveal that it may be an intrinsic regulator of @entity5 progression and a potential prognostic factor for this disease.

title: Decreased microRNA-143 expression and its @entity5 suppressive function in XXXX @entity957 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: INTRODUCTON: Treatment of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) requires a multidisciplinary approach that may involve medical oncologists, geneticists, genetic counsellors, and urologists. The objective of our survey was to obtain current and representative information about the use and perceived importance of genetic testing for @entity1358 in Canada. METHODS: A self-administered web-based survey was provided to Canadian medical oncologists, geneticists, genetic counsellors, and urologists in collaboration with their respective associations. The survey was created through an iterative process in consultation with the @entity703 Research Network of Canada and contained both quantitative and qualitative components. The survey was designed to be exploratory and results were compared across regions. RESULTS: The overall response was low (6.6%). Of the respondents, 42%, 33%, 19%, 5% were genetic counsellors, urologists, medical oncologists and medical geneticists, respectively. Of the respondents, 62.7% described their practice as academic, and 37.3% described it as non-academic. Non-academic respondents tended to refer for genetic counselling less frequently than academic (48.6% vs. 67.2%). Most respondents believed that genetic testing for @entity1358 was available (82.8%), although 47.7% did not know which tests were available. This observation was consistent across provinces. Testing for @entity280 was given the highest priority among respondents. Limited provider knowledge, clinical guidelines, institutional funding, access, and poor coordination between disciplines were cited as barriers to testing. INTERPRETATION: There is a need to increase provider knowledge of genetic testing for @entity1358 . These findings support the development of practice guidelines and national strategies to improve coordination of specialists and access to genetics services. Limitations of the present study include low survey response which did not allow for inferential analysis by geographic region or respondent specialty.

title: Knowledge of genetic testing for XXXX in Canada is lacking: The results of the Canadian @entity703 needs assessment survey.

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['HRCC', 'hereditary renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity280 :: ('MESH:D006623', 'Disease') :: ['Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['Kidney Cancer']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['hereditary kidney cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTON: Treatment of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) requires a multidisciplinary approach that may involve medical oncologists, geneticists, genetic counsellors, and urologists. The objective of our survey was to obtain current and representative information about the use and perceived importance of genetic testing for @entity1358 in Canada. METHODS: A self-administered web-based survey was provided to Canadian medical oncologists, geneticists, genetic counsellors, and urologists in collaboration with their respective associations. The survey was created through an iterative process in consultation with the @entity703 Research Network of Canada and contained both quantitative and qualitative components. The survey was designed to be exploratory and results were compared across regions. RESULTS: The overall response was low (6.6%). Of the respondents, 42%, 33%, 19%, 5% were genetic counsellors, urologists, medical oncologists and medical geneticists, respectively. Of the respondents, 62.7% described their practice as academic, and 37.3% described it as non-academic. Non-academic respondents tended to refer for genetic counselling less frequently than academic (48.6% vs. 67.2%). Most respondents believed that genetic testing for @entity1358 was available (82.8%), although 47.7% did not know which tests were available. This observation was consistent across provinces. Testing for @entity280 was given the highest priority among respondents. Limited provider knowledge, clinical guidelines, institutional funding, access, and poor coordination between disciplines were cited as barriers to testing. INTERPRETATION: There is a need to increase provider knowledge of genetic testing for @entity1358 . These findings support the development of practice guidelines and national strategies to improve coordination of specialists and access to genetics services. Limitations of the present study include low survey response which did not allow for inferential analysis by geographic region or respondent specialty.

title: Knowledge of genetic testing for @entity703 in Canada is lacking: The results of the Canadian XXXX needs assessment survey.

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['national hereditary kidney cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in @entity14 ( @entity14 ) development and associated with prognostic indicators such as disease stage and survival. Prognostic associations are often based on few individuals and imprecise. In this study, we utilize population-based data from 1,141 @entity14 cases to replicate previously reported associations between 121 miRNAs and disease stage and survival. The Agilent @entity1 miRNA Microarray V19.0 was used to generate miRNA data following a stringent quality control protocol. Assessment of survival was done using Cox Proportional Hazard models adjusting for age, disease stage and @entity5 molecular phenotype. Five miRNAs were associated with more @entity1442 stage; @entity3373 -5p and hsa-miR-31-5p showed increased expression with more advanced @entity5 stage, while hsa-miR-200b-3p, @entity29087 and hsa-miR-451a had decreased expression with more @entity5 . Thirteen miRNAs were associated with @entity14 mortality among individuals diagnosed with @entity694 while 14 were associated with @entity14 mortality after a diagnosis with @entity5 . Strongest associations were observed for those miRNAs that were expressed in a small subset of @entity5 . Most notable associations were for @entity3373 -3p [hazard ratio (HR) 2.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54, 5.61], and @entity6956 (HR 10.28, 95% CI 1.31, 80.84) with @entity694 and @entity16105 -5p (HR 0.17, 95% CI 0.05, 0.54) for @entity5 . hsa-miR-374a-5p, @entity71367 and hsa-miR-18a-5p significantly reduced the hazard of dying for all cases, regardless of @entity5 site. Our findings illustrate the need for a large sample to evaluate the association of miRNAs with survival and disease stage in order to determine associations by @entity5 site.

title: An evaluation and replication of miRNAs with disease stage and XXXX -specific mortality.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'rectal cancer', 'advanced tumors']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary @entity2 showing features of salivary gland-type @entity5 are extremely rare. METHODS: Eight @entity1 with primary @entity2 showing light microscopic and immunohistochemical features of salivary gland-type mixed @entity5 were studied. RESULTS: The @entity1 were six @entity1 and two @entity1 , ages 35-69 years (mean, 52.5 years). The @entity5 ranged from 2 to 16 cm in greatest diameter. In two @entity1 the lesions presented as polypoid endobronchial lesions obstructing the lumen; in another two @entity1 the lesions were found in close proximity or in continuity with a bronchus; in three @entity1 , the lesions presented as peripheral parenchymatous nodules unrelated to a bronchus; and in one @entity1 , the relationship to the bronchus could not be determined. Histologically, the lesions were biphasic, showing admixtures in varying proportions of epithelial elements containing a predominant myoepithelial cell population with a stromal component containing an abundant myxoid or focally chondroid matrix. Immunohistochemical studies showed strong positivity of the cells in the epithelial component with low molecular weight keratins (CAM 5.2), and to a lesser extent with broad spectrum keratin, actin, and @entity2277 antibodies. The cells also showed variable reactivity in the epithelial and nonepithelial elements with S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Six @entity5 were grossly and histologically benign; in two @entity1 , the @entity5 were larger, locally invasive, and showed more atypical histologic features. All @entity1 were treated with surgical excision. On follow-up, of the six @entity1 with histologically benign-appearing @entity5 , one was alive and well 6 years after surgery; another died 4 years after surgery of a second unrelated @entity5 ; one died during the immediate postoperative period of @entity583 ; and three have been lost to follow-up. In the two @entity1 with histologically atypical lesions, the @entity5 recurred and metastasized after 2 and 3 years, respectively, with one of them leading to death caused by widespread metastases and superior @entity4264 . CONCLUSIONS: Review of the literature and the findings in the current series indicate that salivary gland-type mixed @entity5 of the lung may present with a spectrum of histologic features and clinical behavior, ranging from benign to frankly malignant, similar to that observed for their salivary gland counterparts. Size of the lesion at the time of presentation, extent of local infiltration, and degree of mitotic activity appear to be the most reliable prognostic features of these @entity5 .

title: Benign and malignant salivary gland-type mixed XXXX of the lung. Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of eight cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4264 :: ('MESH:D013479', 'Disease') :: ['vena cava syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors', 'lung neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: Six @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) expressing @entity4587 antigen ( @entity4587 + @entity3052 ) were studied. They consisted of five @entity1 with M1 and one with an M2 morphology. Two cases expressed other lymphoid-associated antigens, in addition to @entity4587 . The complete remission rate was 50%. One @entity1 had central nervous system recurrence. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated normal karyotypes in all the cases. All but one had germline configurations of the T-cell receptor (TCR) genes and @entity7639 gene. However, all did not have detectable recombinase activating gene-1 activity by the RT-PCR technique. We performed colony formation assay in two @entity1 , and no enhancement of colony formation by @entity1261 was noted. The results presented here, together with those reported previously, suggest that @entity4587 + @entity3052 may demonstrate lineage infidelity.

title: Clinical and biologic characteristics of @entity4587 + XXXX . Our experience and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity7639 :: ('3495', 'Gene') :: ['immunoglobulin heavy chain']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: Six @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) expressing @entity4587 antigen ( @entity4587 + @entity3052 ) were studied. They consisted of five @entity1 with M1 and one with an M2 morphology. Two cases expressed other lymphoid-associated antigens, in addition to @entity4587 . The complete remission rate was 50%. One @entity1 had central nervous system recurrence. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated normal karyotypes in all the cases. All but one had germline configurations of the T-cell receptor (TCR) genes and @entity7639 gene. However, all did not have detectable recombinase activating gene-1 activity by the RT-PCR technique. We performed colony formation assay in two @entity1 , and no enhancement of colony formation by @entity1261 was noted. The results presented here, together with those reported previously, suggest that @entity4587 + @entity3052 may demonstrate lineage infidelity.

title: Clinical and biologic characteristics of XXXX + @entity3052 . Our experience and literature review.

answer: @entity4587 :: (924,Gene) :: ['CD7']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors are more potent and have faster onset of action than @entity1397 . However, the efficacy and safety in @entity1 with non-ST-elevation @entity1187 (NSTE-ACS) are not well studied. A systemic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed to identify randomized clinical trials comparing newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors ( @entity3076 or @entity3077 ) to @entity1397 in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS. The primary outcome was a composite of @entity65 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ), and @entity64 (major cardiovascular events [MACE]). Secondary outcomes were individual components of the primary outcome, all-cause mortality, and Thrombolysis In @entity583 (TIMI) major and @entity548 . A total of 31,470 @entity1 with NSTE-ACS from 4 randomized clinical trials were included (newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors: 15,951; @entity1397 : 15,519). Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors significantly decreased MACE (relative risk [RR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80 to 0.95) and @entity583 (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.96) and showed a trend toward reduction of @entity65 (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.01). There was a significant increase in TIMI major @entity548 (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.50) and TIMI major or @entity548 (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.42). Results were largely similar when stratified by @entity3077 versus @entity3076 (pinteraction >0.05) except for increased TIMI major/ @entity548 with @entity3076 than @entity3077 (pinteraction  = 0.01). In conclusion, in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS, newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors decrease MACE and @entity583 at the expense of a significant increase in the risk of @entity548 . Treatment of 1,000 @entity1 with newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors will prevent 16 MACE and 13 MIs at the expense of increase in 6 major @entity548 events.

title: Meta-Analysis of Comparison of the Newer Oral @entity3075 Inhibitors ( XXXX or @entity3077 ) to @entity1397 in @entity1 With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3076 :: ('MESH:C408153', 'Chemical') :: ['prasugrel']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'minor bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity3077 :: ('MESH:C503700', 'Chemical') :: ['ticagrelor']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'Myocardial Infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular death']

answer: @entity3076 :: (MESH:C408153,Chemical) :: ['Prasugrel']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors are more potent and have faster onset of action than @entity1397 . However, the efficacy and safety in @entity1 with non-ST-elevation @entity1187 (NSTE-ACS) are not well studied. A systemic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed to identify randomized clinical trials comparing newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors ( @entity3076 or @entity3077 ) to @entity1397 in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS. The primary outcome was a composite of @entity65 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ), and @entity64 (major cardiovascular events [MACE]). Secondary outcomes were individual components of the primary outcome, all-cause mortality, and Thrombolysis In @entity583 (TIMI) major and @entity548 . A total of 31,470 @entity1 with NSTE-ACS from 4 randomized clinical trials were included (newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors: 15,951; @entity1397 : 15,519). Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors significantly decreased MACE (relative risk [RR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80 to 0.95) and @entity583 (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.96) and showed a trend toward reduction of @entity65 (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.01). There was a significant increase in TIMI major @entity548 (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.50) and TIMI major or @entity548 (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.42). Results were largely similar when stratified by @entity3077 versus @entity3076 (pinteraction >0.05) except for increased TIMI major/ @entity548 with @entity3076 than @entity3077 (pinteraction  = 0.01). In conclusion, in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS, newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors decrease MACE and @entity583 at the expense of a significant increase in the risk of @entity548 . Treatment of 1,000 @entity1 with newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors will prevent 16 MACE and 13 MIs at the expense of increase in 6 major @entity548 events.

title: Meta-Analysis of Comparison of the Newer Oral XXXX Inhibitors ( @entity3076 or @entity3077 ) to @entity1397 in @entity1 With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.

answer: @entity3075 :: (64805,Gene) :: ['P2Y12']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors are more potent and have faster onset of action than @entity1397 . However, the efficacy and safety in @entity1 with non-ST-elevation @entity1187 (NSTE-ACS) are not well studied. A systemic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed to identify randomized clinical trials comparing newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors ( @entity3076 or @entity3077 ) to @entity1397 in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS. The primary outcome was a composite of @entity65 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ), and @entity64 (major cardiovascular events [MACE]). Secondary outcomes were individual components of the primary outcome, all-cause mortality, and Thrombolysis In @entity583 (TIMI) major and @entity548 . A total of 31,470 @entity1 with NSTE-ACS from 4 randomized clinical trials were included (newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors: 15,951; @entity1397 : 15,519). Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors significantly decreased MACE (relative risk [RR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80 to 0.95) and @entity583 (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.96) and showed a trend toward reduction of @entity65 (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.01). There was a significant increase in TIMI major @entity548 (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.50) and TIMI major or @entity548 (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.42). Results were largely similar when stratified by @entity3077 versus @entity3076 (pinteraction >0.05) except for increased TIMI major/ @entity548 with @entity3076 than @entity3077 (pinteraction  = 0.01). In conclusion, in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS, newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors decrease MACE and @entity583 at the expense of a significant increase in the risk of @entity548 . Treatment of 1,000 @entity1 with newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors will prevent 16 MACE and 13 MIs at the expense of increase in 6 major @entity548 events.

title: Meta-Analysis of Comparison of the Newer Oral @entity3075 Inhibitors ( @entity3076 or XXXX ) to @entity1397 in @entity1 With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.

answer: @entity3077 :: (MESH:C503700,Chemical) :: ['Ticagrelor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors are more potent and have faster onset of action than @entity1397 . However, the efficacy and safety in @entity1 with non-ST-elevation @entity1187 (NSTE-ACS) are not well studied. A systemic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed to identify randomized clinical trials comparing newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors ( @entity3076 or @entity3077 ) to @entity1397 in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS. The primary outcome was a composite of @entity65 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ), and @entity64 (major cardiovascular events [MACE]). Secondary outcomes were individual components of the primary outcome, all-cause mortality, and Thrombolysis In @entity583 (TIMI) major and @entity548 . A total of 31,470 @entity1 with NSTE-ACS from 4 randomized clinical trials were included (newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors: 15,951; @entity1397 : 15,519). Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors significantly decreased MACE (relative risk [RR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80 to 0.95) and @entity583 (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.96) and showed a trend toward reduction of @entity65 (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.01). There was a significant increase in TIMI major @entity548 (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.50) and TIMI major or @entity548 (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.42). Results were largely similar when stratified by @entity3077 versus @entity3076 (pinteraction >0.05) except for increased TIMI major/ @entity548 with @entity3076 than @entity3077 (pinteraction  = 0.01). In conclusion, in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS, newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors decrease MACE and @entity583 at the expense of a significant increase in the risk of @entity548 . Treatment of 1,000 @entity1 with newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors will prevent 16 MACE and 13 MIs at the expense of increase in 6 major @entity548 events.

title: Meta-Analysis of Comparison of the Newer Oral @entity3075 Inhibitors ( @entity3076 or @entity3077 ) to XXXX in @entity1 With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.

answer: @entity1397 :: (MESH:C055162,Chemical) :: ['Clopidogrel']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors are more potent and have faster onset of action than @entity1397 . However, the efficacy and safety in @entity1 with non-ST-elevation @entity1187 (NSTE-ACS) are not well studied. A systemic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed to identify randomized clinical trials comparing newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors ( @entity3076 or @entity3077 ) to @entity1397 in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS. The primary outcome was a composite of @entity65 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ), and @entity64 (major cardiovascular events [MACE]). Secondary outcomes were individual components of the primary outcome, all-cause mortality, and Thrombolysis In @entity583 (TIMI) major and @entity548 . A total of 31,470 @entity1 with NSTE-ACS from 4 randomized clinical trials were included (newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors: 15,951; @entity1397 : 15,519). Newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors significantly decreased MACE (relative risk [RR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80 to 0.95) and @entity583 (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.96) and showed a trend toward reduction of @entity65 (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.01). There was a significant increase in TIMI major @entity548 (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.50) and TIMI major or @entity548 (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.42). Results were largely similar when stratified by @entity3077 versus @entity3076 (pinteraction >0.05) except for increased TIMI major/ @entity548 with @entity3076 than @entity3077 (pinteraction  = 0.01). In conclusion, in @entity1 with NSTE-ACS, newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors decrease MACE and @entity583 at the expense of a significant increase in the risk of @entity548 . Treatment of 1,000 @entity1 with newer oral @entity3075 inhibitors will prevent 16 MACE and 13 MIs at the expense of increase in 6 major @entity548 events.

title: Meta-Analysis of Comparison of the Newer Oral @entity3075 Inhibitors ( @entity3076 or @entity3077 ) to @entity1397 in XXXX With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Purpose. Tailgut cysts with malignant transformation are rare entities. We discuss the diagnostic strategy and treatment of a @entity5 within a tailgut cyst. Methods. In this study we report on the case of a 61-year-old @entity1 with a @entity5 arising within a tailgut cyst and an overview of the literature emphasising the histopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis. Results. Our @entity1 presented with @entity615 , @entity158 , and increased urgency of defecation. MRI scan and CT-guided biopsy on histological analysis revealed a diagnosis of @entity5 of the presacral space. The @entity1 subsequently underwent an abdominoperineal excision of the rectum. Conclusions. This case highlights the importance of tailgut cysts as a differential diagnosis of presacral masses. It is a rare congenital lesion developing from remnants of the embryonic postanal gut and is predominantly benign in nature. Approximately half of cases remain asymptomatic; therefore, diagnosis is often delayed. Magnetic resonance imaging is the investigation of choice and an awareness of the possibility of malignant potential is critical to avoiding missed diagnosis and subsequent morbidity. Complete surgical excision allows accurate diagnosis, confirmation of oncological clearance, and prevention of mortality.

title: XXXX within a Tail Gut Cyst: A Case of @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoid tumour', 'malignant neuroendocrine tumour', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['rectal pain']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['lower back pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Malignancy']


abstract: Purpose. Tailgut cysts with malignant transformation are rare entities. We discuss the diagnostic strategy and treatment of a @entity5 within a tailgut cyst. Methods. In this study we report on the case of a 61-year-old @entity1 with a @entity5 arising within a tailgut cyst and an overview of the literature emphasising the histopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis. Results. Our @entity1 presented with @entity615 , @entity158 , and increased urgency of defecation. MRI scan and CT-guided biopsy on histological analysis revealed a diagnosis of @entity5 of the presacral space. The @entity1 subsequently underwent an abdominoperineal excision of the rectum. Conclusions. This case highlights the importance of tailgut cysts as a differential diagnosis of presacral masses. It is a rare congenital lesion developing from remnants of the embryonic postanal gut and is predominantly benign in nature. Approximately half of cases remain asymptomatic; therefore, diagnosis is often delayed. Magnetic resonance imaging is the investigation of choice and an awareness of the possibility of malignant potential is critical to avoiding missed diagnosis and subsequent morbidity. Complete surgical excision allows accurate diagnosis, confirmation of oncological clearance, and prevention of mortality.

title: @entity5 within a Tail Gut Cyst: A Case of XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Retrorectal Carcinoid Tumour']


abstract: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study (placebo and @entity585 1 or 5 mg/die) was carried out in 34 @entity1 with @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ). After 12 months of treatment all @entity1 received @entity585 5 mg/die. Follow-up ranges from 18 to 36 months. One year after treatment, @entity1 receiving @entity585 1 or 5 mg/die, showed significant decrease (one-way ANOVA) of serum @entity586 (-70.1% and -69.6%, respectively), serum @entity1486 (-50% and -50.8%, respectively) and prostate volume (-36.3% and -31.8%, respectively). Comparable modifications of such parameters were observed in the placebo group only during the second year of the study when they were shifted to @entity585 treatment (5 mg/die). No increase of serum @entity251 was observed in any group. Maximum urinary flow rate increased on the average, after one year, by 2.6 and 3.6 ml/s in @entity1 receiving @entity585 1 and 5 mg/die, respectively; a 1.3 ml/s increase occurred in the placebo group. The total urinary symptom score (Boyarsky) decreased in all three @entity1 groups. Results of this study show that a few months are necessary to exert a significant therapeutic effect. The drug is well tolerated and does not decrease the @entity1 's sexual activity. @entity585 certainly opens new perspectives in the treatment of @entity1067 .

title: [New prospective therapy for @entity1067 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity585 :: ('MESH:D018120', 'Chemical') :: ['Finasteride']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity585 :: (MESH:D018120,Chemical) :: ['finasteride']


abstract: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study (placebo and @entity585 1 or 5 mg/die) was carried out in 34 @entity1 with @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ). After 12 months of treatment all @entity1 received @entity585 5 mg/die. Follow-up ranges from 18 to 36 months. One year after treatment, @entity1 receiving @entity585 1 or 5 mg/die, showed significant decrease (one-way ANOVA) of serum @entity586 (-70.1% and -69.6%, respectively), serum @entity1486 (-50% and -50.8%, respectively) and prostate volume (-36.3% and -31.8%, respectively). Comparable modifications of such parameters were observed in the placebo group only during the second year of the study when they were shifted to @entity585 treatment (5 mg/die). No increase of serum @entity251 was observed in any group. Maximum urinary flow rate increased on the average, after one year, by 2.6 and 3.6 ml/s in @entity1 receiving @entity585 1 and 5 mg/die, respectively; a 1.3 ml/s increase occurred in the placebo group. The total urinary symptom score (Boyarsky) decreased in all three @entity1 groups. Results of this study show that a few months are necessary to exert a significant therapeutic effect. The drug is well tolerated and does not decrease the @entity1 's sexual activity. @entity585 certainly opens new perspectives in the treatment of @entity1067 .

title: [New prospective therapy for XXXX with @entity585 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity302 is one common @entity16 requiring newer targets and newer drugs for its efficient management. In the recent days brain renin angiotensin system has gained immense importance because of its involvement in @entity410 regulation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare antiepileptic activity of different doses @entity9885 and @entity9887 on @entity32973 and PTZ induced @entity410 models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Swiss albino @entity19 weighing around 25-30g of either sex were divided into 6 groups: Control ( Distilled Water- 10ml/kg), Standard - @entity1092 (40mg/kg), O1 - @entity9885 (2.5mg/kg), O2 - @entity9885 (5mg/kg), T1 - @entity9887 (5mg/kg), T2 - @entity9887 (10mg/kg). After 1hour of administration of control , test and standard drugs (orally), @entity410 were induced by administering PTZ (70mg/kg - i.p.) in PTZ model. @entity410 latency was the parameter recorded. In @entity32973 model, suppression of tonic hind limb extension was taken as measure of efficacy. RESULT: The results were analysed by one-way-ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. In @entity32973 test, dose dependently @entity9885 and @entity9887 significantly reduced the duration of @entity6191 in comparison to control (p<0.05). T2 - 9 + 0.89secs significantly reduced the tonic hind limb extension compared to other test groups (p<0.05). The percentage inhibition of @entity410 was T2-44.3%, O2-28.2%, T1-17.5%, O1- 12.3% respectively. In PTZ test, dose dependently @entity9885 and @entity9887 produced significant increase in @entity410 latency (p<0.05). T2 - 206.6+9.83secs significantly increased @entity410 latency compared to other test groups (p<0.05). Percentage protection from @entity410 is T2-52.6%, O2- 45.13%, T1- 37.5%, O1- 38.4% respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity14207 antagonist, @entity9887 and @entity9885 in a dose dependent manner showed increase in antiepileptic activity. Temisartan at higher dose produced significant antiepileptic activity in comparison to @entity9885 .

title: Evaluation and comparison of anticonvulsant activity of XXXX and @entity9885 in experimentally induced animal models of @entity302 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'Seizure', 'convulsions']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium valproate']

entities_list: @entity9885 :: ('MESH:C437965', 'Chemical') :: ['olmesartan', 'Olmesartan']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['Epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity6191 :: ('MESH:D004829', 'Disease') :: ['tonic hindlimb extension']

entities_list: @entity9887 :: ('MESH:C084178', 'Chemical') :: ['Telmisartan', 'telmisartan']

answer: @entity9887 :: (MESH:C084178,Chemical) :: ['telmisartan']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity302 is one common @entity16 requiring newer targets and newer drugs for its efficient management. In the recent days brain renin angiotensin system has gained immense importance because of its involvement in @entity410 regulation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare antiepileptic activity of different doses @entity9885 and @entity9887 on @entity32973 and PTZ induced @entity410 models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Swiss albino @entity19 weighing around 25-30g of either sex were divided into 6 groups: Control ( Distilled Water- 10ml/kg), Standard - @entity1092 (40mg/kg), O1 - @entity9885 (2.5mg/kg), O2 - @entity9885 (5mg/kg), T1 - @entity9887 (5mg/kg), T2 - @entity9887 (10mg/kg). After 1hour of administration of control , test and standard drugs (orally), @entity410 were induced by administering PTZ (70mg/kg - i.p.) in PTZ model. @entity410 latency was the parameter recorded. In @entity32973 model, suppression of tonic hind limb extension was taken as measure of efficacy. RESULT: The results were analysed by one-way-ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. In @entity32973 test, dose dependently @entity9885 and @entity9887 significantly reduced the duration of @entity6191 in comparison to control (p<0.05). T2 - 9 + 0.89secs significantly reduced the tonic hind limb extension compared to other test groups (p<0.05). The percentage inhibition of @entity410 was T2-44.3%, O2-28.2%, T1-17.5%, O1- 12.3% respectively. In PTZ test, dose dependently @entity9885 and @entity9887 produced significant increase in @entity410 latency (p<0.05). T2 - 206.6+9.83secs significantly increased @entity410 latency compared to other test groups (p<0.05). Percentage protection from @entity410 is T2-52.6%, O2- 45.13%, T1- 37.5%, O1- 38.4% respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity14207 antagonist, @entity9887 and @entity9885 in a dose dependent manner showed increase in antiepileptic activity. Temisartan at higher dose produced significant antiepileptic activity in comparison to @entity9885 .

title: Evaluation and comparison of anticonvulsant activity of @entity9887 and XXXX in experimentally induced animal models of @entity302 .

answer: @entity9885 :: (MESH:C437965,Chemical) :: ['olmesartan']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity302 is one common @entity16 requiring newer targets and newer drugs for its efficient management. In the recent days brain renin angiotensin system has gained immense importance because of its involvement in @entity410 regulation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare antiepileptic activity of different doses @entity9885 and @entity9887 on @entity32973 and PTZ induced @entity410 models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Swiss albino @entity19 weighing around 25-30g of either sex were divided into 6 groups: Control ( Distilled Water- 10ml/kg), Standard - @entity1092 (40mg/kg), O1 - @entity9885 (2.5mg/kg), O2 - @entity9885 (5mg/kg), T1 - @entity9887 (5mg/kg), T2 - @entity9887 (10mg/kg). After 1hour of administration of control , test and standard drugs (orally), @entity410 were induced by administering PTZ (70mg/kg - i.p.) in PTZ model. @entity410 latency was the parameter recorded. In @entity32973 model, suppression of tonic hind limb extension was taken as measure of efficacy. RESULT: The results were analysed by one-way-ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. In @entity32973 test, dose dependently @entity9885 and @entity9887 significantly reduced the duration of @entity6191 in comparison to control (p<0.05). T2 - 9 + 0.89secs significantly reduced the tonic hind limb extension compared to other test groups (p<0.05). The percentage inhibition of @entity410 was T2-44.3%, O2-28.2%, T1-17.5%, O1- 12.3% respectively. In PTZ test, dose dependently @entity9885 and @entity9887 produced significant increase in @entity410 latency (p<0.05). T2 - 206.6+9.83secs significantly increased @entity410 latency compared to other test groups (p<0.05). Percentage protection from @entity410 is T2-52.6%, O2- 45.13%, T1- 37.5%, O1- 38.4% respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity14207 antagonist, @entity9887 and @entity9885 in a dose dependent manner showed increase in antiepileptic activity. Temisartan at higher dose produced significant antiepileptic activity in comparison to @entity9885 .

title: Evaluation and comparison of anticonvulsant activity of @entity9887 and @entity9885 in experimentally induced animal models of XXXX .

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Morbidity related to @entity2805 and @entity1159 which are well known sequel after burns remains high and in fact has increased as more severely burned @entity1 are surviving. This study was undertaken in order to assess the varied clinical presentation, precipitating factors, preventive measures, treatment modalities of neck @entity1159 and evaluate the results after surgical procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This hospital based study was conducted on @entity1 admitted in our institution with proven cases of Post @entity1159 from 1st August 2009 to 31st July 2011. Twenty two @entity1 of post @entity1159 who underwent operative treatment were included. OBSERVATION: 10 of 22 cases were in the middle age group i.e. between 21-30 years. There were 5 males and 17 females. @entity4808 was the commonest aetiology. Fourteen @entity1 were treated within 1 year of burns for functional disability. Excisional release was performed in 13 and incisional release in 9 of our @entity1 . Resurfacing with STSG (split thickness skin graft) was carried out in 19 cases and a local or regional flap with or without a graft in 3 @entity1 . @entity1184 and recontracture were the commonest late complications and occurred in 3 cases. Good to fair results were obtained in 19 @entity1 CONCLUSION: Local flaps have many advantages and are to be used whenever possible. It is preferable to place the grafts if used in the area surrounding the neck (donor site of flap) or at least in the non-visible area of the neck (submental area). When a combination of flap _ graft is used, it's preferable to place the flap in a horizontal intersecting fashion in between the two patches of the graft. A follow up program for reasonable period is highly desired.

title: Post burn XXXX neck: clinical profile and management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity4808 :: ('MESH:D002056', 'Disease') :: ['Accidental flame burn']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contractures', 'burn neck contracture']

entities_list: @entity2805 :: ('MESH:D017439', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic scars']

answer: @entity1159 :: (MESH:D003286,Disease) :: ['contracture']


abstract: The treatment of locally advanced @entity263 is controversial, as there are several possible treatment options. The aims of temporary @entity342 deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy are to achieve downgrading and downstaging of the @entity5 , an increase in local control, a decrease in morbidity and operative sequelae, a decrease in the time to progression, and an improvement in survival. A retrospective study has been carried out on 100 @entity1 who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1988 and 1992. Forty @entity1 received @entity342 deprivation therapy followed by prostatectomy, while the remaining 60 acted as controls, undergoing prostatectomy alone. Treated @entity1 had a 40-50% reduction in prostate volume after 3 months, facilitating dissection of the prostate, reducing intraoperative @entity190 , and reducing operation time. Of these 40 treated @entity1 , one third showed clinical downstaging; one @entity1 staged initially as T2/B was downstaged to PT0. The proportion of @entity1 with positive surgical margins was 32% in the group treated preoperatively, compared with 57% in untreated @entity1 . Treated @entity1 also recovered full continence more rapidly after the operation than @entity1 who underwent prostatectomy alone. After @entity342 blockade, serum @entity11179 levels returned to normal (< 4 ng/ml) in 37 of the 40 @entity1 . Of these @entity1 , 22 had undetectable serum @entity11179 levels (< 0.25 ng/ml), showing a definite reduction in @entity5 activity. @entity11179 levels after 3 months of neoadjuvant hormonal treatment might play a useful predictive role in selecting @entity1 before radical prostatectomy, since 86% with undetectable @entity11179 had @entity5 confined to the gland (T2/B2), while @entity1 who still had @entity11179 > 4 ng/ml all had stage T3-T4 @entity5 . Although downstaging was confirmed pathologically in only 13% of @entity1 , this is of significance when the total number of @entity1 with locally advanced @entity263 is considered and, therefore, may have implications for survival in the future. Prospective randomized studies should provide conclusive information on the potential benefit of this approach.

title: Neoadjuvant XXXX blockade prior to prostatectomy: a retrospective study and critical review.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']


abstract: Although recurrent @entity2008 have been identified in several histologic subtypes of @entity242 , no consistent rearrangement has yet been found in @entity421 . Cytogenetic analyses of nine cases of @entity421 are reported, including seven newly diagnosed @entity5 and two recurrent @entity5 . There were seven high-grade @entity421 , one @entity1048 , and one well-differentiated @entity242 . All @entity5 were studied in short-term primary culture. Modal number ranged from near diploid to near triploid. Seven @entity5 had complex karyotypes with multiple structural abnormalities; two had only normal karyotypes. The @entity995 gene on chromosome 13 and the @entity876 gene on chromosome 17 have been involved in @entity421 . @entity5 had loss of a whole copy of chromosome 13, and three of these also had a loss of a whole copy of chromosome 17. However, these losses were observed in the setting of numerous other chromosome losses. @entity2526 were observed, many involving additions of unidentified material, unbalanced translocations, or deletions. @entity2526 with similar breakpoints involving 6q, 8q, 9q, and 14p were seen in two or three @entity5 each. When the @entity5 in this series were added to the 18 published cases, the pericentromeric regions of chromosomes 1, 3, and 14, and segments 6q15-21, 8q24, 9q34, 12p13, 17p13, and 19q13, were found to be involved in five or more structural rearrangements. Molecular analyses of these chromosome regions may yield genes important in the pathogenesis of @entity421 .

title: Chromosome analysis of nine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Five tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['Numerous structural abnormalities', 'Structural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcomas', 'osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosome abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1048 :: ('MESH:D010522', 'Disease') :: ['periosteal osteosarcoma']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcomas']


abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) have been implicated in the development and progression of many @entity5 , but data for primary @entity3270 (PNC) of the skin are lacking. The aim of the study was to assess the expression of MMPs and TIMPs in PNC and to evaluate their prognostic significance. Expression of @entity3334 , @entity1476 , @entity1549 , @entity1495 , @entity15976 , @entity1550 , and @entity1551 and @entity2843 , @entity1552 , and @entity8111 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on 23 samples of PNC of the skin. The results were matched with clinical features and @entity1 survival. In the 23 specimens of PNC, high (>20% of positive neoplastic cells) @entity3334 expression was found in 13 (56.5%) cases. @entity1476 was evidenced in 12 (52.1%) cases, 8 (34.7%) of which showed high expression in neoplastic cells. @entity1549 was detected in 11 cases (47.8%), with high expression in 9 (39.1%) of them. High @entity1495 expression was observed in 3 (13%) cases, whereas high @entity1551 expression was detected in 11 (47.8%) specimens. Expression of @entity2843 by neoplastic cells was found in 8 (34.7%) cases, with high expression in 3 cases, whereas high @entity8111 expression was detected in 21 (91.3%) cases. No immunoreactivity for @entity15976 , @entity1550 , or @entity1552 was found. Statistical analysis failed to identify a significant correlation between MMP/ @entity2843 expression and clinical parameters. By univariate analysis, stage >I (P = 0.01), high expression of @entity3334 (P = 0.04) and @entity1549 (P = 0.01) resulted significant negative prognostic factors, whereas by multivariate analysis, stage was the only factor that affected survival (P = 0.02). Our results suggest that @entity3334 and @entity1549 may influence the invasive and metastatic potential of PNCs. It is conceivable that future attempts to specifically block @entity3334 and @entity1549 activity may provide a novel means to inhibit invasiveness and distant spread in selected @entity1 with PNC.

title: Expression and prognostic significance of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in primary XXXX of the skin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine carcinoma']

answer: @entity3270 :: (MESH:D018278,Disease) :: ['neuroendocrine carcinoma']


abstract: The interaction of several basic peptides with @entity375 mitochondria has been analyzed. The peptides were selected for their ability to block a cationic channel of the outer membrane, the peptide-sensitive channel. These peptides possess common characteristics, such as a net positive charge superior to 2 and the capacity to form amphiphilic structures. They can be divided into two classes as follows: peptides of class I derived from mitochondrial signal peptides, such as the presequence of @entity45811 , e.g. pCyt OX IV (1-12) Y; and peptides of class II unrelated to the mitochondria, such as @entity71369 (1-13). Class I peptides inhibited the translocation of a chimeric protein, cytochrome b2-DHFR, into the mitochondrial matrix, whereas peptides of class II failed to inhibit this import. Experiments with iodinated pCyt OX IV (1-12) Y and @entity71369 (1-13) showed, however, that both types of peptides were imported into @entity375 mitochondria in vitro and subsequently degraded. At 30 degrees C, two import mechanisms could be distinguished; the mitochondrial presequences (class I) were translocated into the matrix in a temperature- and potential-sensitive manner, probably along the general import pathway, while class II @entity71369 (1-13) was imported into the intermembrane space by a process that was neither temperature- nor potential-sensitive. At 0 degree C, both peptides were imported in a class II manner. The class II characteristics suggested the existence of a direct pathway into the intermembrane space, which may be associated with the peptide-sensitive channel. This hypothesis is substantiated by the competition for the import into the mitochondria between peptides of the two classes. The import of pCyt OX (1-12) Y was inhibited at 30 degrees C only by peptides of class I, IV whereas, at 0 degree C, this import was also inhibited by peptides of class II. Import of peptides of the latter class was inhibited by peptides of the two classes both at 0 degree C and 30 degrees C.

title: Basic peptides can be imported into XXXX mitochondria by two distinct targeting pathways. Involvement of the peptide-sensitive channel of the outer membrane.

entities_list: @entity71369 :: ('MESH:C036200', 'Chemical') :: ['dynorphin B']

entities_list: @entity45811 :: ('852688(Tax:4932)', 'Gene') :: ['cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The maternal autonomic nervous system (ANS) has received little attention in the investigation of biological mechanisms linking prenatal stress to fetal @entity701 (F) excess. In vitro, @entity1063 and @entity1425 inhibit placental 11b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11b- @entity27476 ), which protects the fetus from F overexposure by inactivating it to @entity821 (E). Here, we investigated the acute ANS stress response to an amniocentesis and its association with amniotic fluid F, E, and E/(E + F) as a marker of fetoplacental 11b- @entity27476 activity. METHODS: An aliquot of amniotic fluid was obtained from 34 healthy, second-trimester pregnant @entity1 undergoing amniocentesis. Repeated assessment of mood states served to examine the psychological stress response to amniocentesis. Saliva samples were collected to measure stress-induced changes in salivary a-amylase concentrations in response to amniocentesis. Cardiac parameters were measured continuously. RESULTS: Undergoing amniocentesis induced significant @entity2342 . Low-frequency (LF)/high-frequency (HF) baseline, suggested to reflect sympathovagal balance, was negatively correlated with amniotic E/(E + F) (r=-0.53, p = .002) and positively with F (r = 0.62, p < .001). In contrast, a stronger acute LF/HF response was positively associated with E/(E + F) (r = 0.44, p = .012) and negatively with F (r=-0.40, p = .025). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the maternal ANS is involved in the regulation of the fetoplacental barrier to stress. Allostatic processes may have been initiated to counterbalance acute stress effects. In contrast, higher LF/HF baseline values, possibly indicative of chronic stress exposure, may have inhibited 11b- @entity27476 activity in the fetoplacental unit. These results parallel animal findings of up-regulated placental 11b- @entity27476 in response to acute stress but impairment under chronic stress.

title: The Acute Autonomic Stress Response and Amniotic Fluid Glucocorticoids in Second-Trimester Pregnant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity821 :: ('MESH:D003348', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisone']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['psychological and autonomic alterations']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']