abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma is characterized pathologically by structural changes in the airway, termed airway remodeling. These changes are associated with worse long-term clinical outcomes and have been attributed to @entity32 . In vitro studies indicate, however, that the compressive mechanical forces that arise during bronchoconstriction may induce remodeling independently of @entity32 . We evaluated the influence of repeated experimentally induced bronchoconstriction on airway structural changes in @entity1 with @entity565 . METHODS: We randomly assigned 48 subjects with @entity565 to one of four inhalation challenge protocols involving a series of three challenges with one type of inhaled agent presented at 48-hour intervals. The two active challenges were with either a dust-mite allergen (which causes bronchoconstriction and @entity32 ) or @entity2710 (which causes bronchoconstriction without @entity32 ); the two control challenges (neither of which causes bronchoconstriction) were either saline alone or @entity3045 followed by @entity2710 (to control for nonbronchoconstrictor effects of @entity2710 ). Bronchial-biopsy specimens were obtained before and 4 days after completion of the challenges. RESULTS: Allergen and @entity2710 immediately induced similar levels of bronchoconstriction. Eosinophilic @entity32 of the airways increased only in the allergen group, whereas both the allergen and the @entity2710 groups had significant airway remodeling not seen in the two control groups. Subepithelial collagen-band thickness increased by a median of 2.17  m in the allergen group (interquartile range [IQR], 0.70 to 3.67) and 1.94  m in the @entity2710 group (IQR, 0.37 to 3.24) (P<0.001 for the comparison of the two challenge groups with the two control groups); periodic acid-Schiff staining of epithelium (mucus glands) also increased, by a median of 2.17 percentage points in the allergen group (IQR, 1.03 to 4.77) and 2.13 percentage points in the @entity2710 group (IQR, 1.14 to 7.96) (P=0.003 for the comparison with controls). There were no significant differences between the allergen and @entity2710 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Bronchoconstriction without additional @entity32 induces airway remodeling in @entity1 with @entity565 . These findings have potential implications for management.

title: Effect of bronchoconstriction on airway remodeling in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'eosinophilic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['albuterol']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: We have evaluated the possible underlying mechanisms of immobilization @entity1337 ( @entity1337 ) by behavioral cross-tolerance studies and molecular studies. In the behavioral studies, the cross-tolerance between single or repeated immobilization @entity1337 and the antinociceptive effects of b-endorphin, @entity1286 , @entity750 ( @entity750 ), or @entity10024 were assessed. Both single and repeated ( 7) immobilization stress significantly attenuated the b-endorphin and @entity750 -induced antinociception in the 2nd phase of @entity406 response, respectively. However, these cross-tolerances disappeared in prolonged repetition of the stress ( 14). Neither single nor repeated ( 7 and  14) immobilization stress affected the antinociceptive effect of @entity1286 or @entity10024 at all. We also found that immobilization stress activated hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin ( @entity11982 ) gene and b-endorphin expression. Since, it has potent inhibitory activity on the noxious stimuli-induced @entity11982 expression, immobilization stress seemed to dissipate the @entity11982 gene expression process. Meanwhile, we did not find any changes in the opioid receptors' (mu-, delta- and kappa-receptor) and the cannabinoid receptors' ( @entity14650 and @entity14651 ) expressions in the midbrain regions elicited by single or repeated stress. These results suggested that a single immobilization stress activates the descending @entity158 modulatory system, which is mainly mediated through endorphinergic and serotonergic activation. Moreover, the tolerance of @entity1337 induced by repeated stresses may be due to the prolonged activation of these systems induced by repeated immobilization.

title: Differential cross-tolerance development between single and repeated immobilization stress on the antinociceptive effect induced by b-endorphin, XXXX , @entity1286 , and @entity10024 in the inflammatory mouse @entity158 mode.

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['SIA', 'stress-induced analgesia']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine', '5-HT']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']


abstract: We have evaluated the possible underlying mechanisms of immobilization @entity1337 ( @entity1337 ) by behavioral cross-tolerance studies and molecular studies. In the behavioral studies, the cross-tolerance between single or repeated immobilization @entity1337 and the antinociceptive effects of b-endorphin, @entity1286 , @entity750 ( @entity750 ), or @entity10024 were assessed. Both single and repeated ( 7) immobilization stress significantly attenuated the b-endorphin and @entity750 -induced antinociception in the 2nd phase of @entity406 response, respectively. However, these cross-tolerances disappeared in prolonged repetition of the stress ( 14). Neither single nor repeated ( 7 and  14) immobilization stress affected the antinociceptive effect of @entity1286 or @entity10024 at all. We also found that immobilization stress activated hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin ( @entity11982 ) gene and b-endorphin expression. Since, it has potent inhibitory activity on the noxious stimuli-induced @entity11982 expression, immobilization stress seemed to dissipate the @entity11982 gene expression process. Meanwhile, we did not find any changes in the opioid receptors' (mu-, delta- and kappa-receptor) and the cannabinoid receptors' ( @entity14650 and @entity14651 ) expressions in the midbrain regions elicited by single or repeated stress. These results suggested that a single immobilization stress activates the descending @entity158 modulatory system, which is mainly mediated through endorphinergic and serotonergic activation. Moreover, the tolerance of @entity1337 induced by repeated stresses may be due to the prolonged activation of these systems induced by repeated immobilization.

title: Differential cross-tolerance development between single and repeated immobilization stress on the antinociceptive effect induced by b-endorphin, @entity750 , @entity1286 , and @entity10024 in the inflammatory mouse XXXX mode.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: We have evaluated the possible underlying mechanisms of immobilization @entity1337 ( @entity1337 ) by behavioral cross-tolerance studies and molecular studies. In the behavioral studies, the cross-tolerance between single or repeated immobilization @entity1337 and the antinociceptive effects of b-endorphin, @entity1286 , @entity750 ( @entity750 ), or @entity10024 were assessed. Both single and repeated ( 7) immobilization stress significantly attenuated the b-endorphin and @entity750 -induced antinociception in the 2nd phase of @entity406 response, respectively. However, these cross-tolerances disappeared in prolonged repetition of the stress ( 14). Neither single nor repeated ( 7 and  14) immobilization stress affected the antinociceptive effect of @entity1286 or @entity10024 at all. We also found that immobilization stress activated hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin ( @entity11982 ) gene and b-endorphin expression. Since, it has potent inhibitory activity on the noxious stimuli-induced @entity11982 expression, immobilization stress seemed to dissipate the @entity11982 gene expression process. Meanwhile, we did not find any changes in the opioid receptors' (mu-, delta- and kappa-receptor) and the cannabinoid receptors' ( @entity14650 and @entity14651 ) expressions in the midbrain regions elicited by single or repeated stress. These results suggested that a single immobilization stress activates the descending @entity158 modulatory system, which is mainly mediated through endorphinergic and serotonergic activation. Moreover, the tolerance of @entity1337 induced by repeated stresses may be due to the prolonged activation of these systems induced by repeated immobilization.

title: Differential cross-tolerance development between single and repeated immobilization stress on the antinociceptive effect induced by b-endorphin, @entity750 , XXXX , and @entity10024 in the inflammatory mouse @entity158 mode.

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: We have evaluated the possible underlying mechanisms of immobilization @entity1337 ( @entity1337 ) by behavioral cross-tolerance studies and molecular studies. In the behavioral studies, the cross-tolerance between single or repeated immobilization @entity1337 and the antinociceptive effects of b-endorphin, @entity1286 , @entity750 ( @entity750 ), or @entity10024 were assessed. Both single and repeated ( 7) immobilization stress significantly attenuated the b-endorphin and @entity750 -induced antinociception in the 2nd phase of @entity406 response, respectively. However, these cross-tolerances disappeared in prolonged repetition of the stress ( 14). Neither single nor repeated ( 7 and  14) immobilization stress affected the antinociceptive effect of @entity1286 or @entity10024 at all. We also found that immobilization stress activated hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin ( @entity11982 ) gene and b-endorphin expression. Since, it has potent inhibitory activity on the noxious stimuli-induced @entity11982 expression, immobilization stress seemed to dissipate the @entity11982 gene expression process. Meanwhile, we did not find any changes in the opioid receptors' (mu-, delta- and kappa-receptor) and the cannabinoid receptors' ( @entity14650 and @entity14651 ) expressions in the midbrain regions elicited by single or repeated stress. These results suggested that a single immobilization stress activates the descending @entity158 modulatory system, which is mainly mediated through endorphinergic and serotonergic activation. Moreover, the tolerance of @entity1337 induced by repeated stresses may be due to the prolonged activation of these systems induced by repeated immobilization.

title: Differential cross-tolerance development between single and repeated immobilization stress on the antinociceptive effect induced by b-endorphin, @entity750 , @entity1286 , and XXXX in the inflammatory mouse @entity158 mode.

answer: @entity10024 :: (MESH:C070417,Chemical) :: ['WIN55,212-2']


abstract: @entity2074 ( @entity2074 ) is a @entity74 characterized by aberrant proliferation of myofibroblasts, the source of which remains unknown. Recent studies indicate that circulating and tissue-resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into myofibroblasts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to profile MSCs from phenotypically distinct @entity2074 sites including cord, nodule, skin overlying nodule (SON), and perinodular fat (PNF) compared with unaffected internal controls, that is, distant palmar fat (DPF) and transverse palmar fascia (Skoog's fibers) as well as external control @entity923 ( @entity923 ) tissue including skin, fat, and fascia. Freshly isolated primary fibroblasts as well as cells grown up to passage 5 (P5) from @entity2074 (n=27) and @entity923 (n=14) samples were analyzed for the presence of established MSC markers @entity12359 , @entity5399 , and CD105 and absence of hematopoietic marker @entity2280 using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, in-cell quantitative western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunocytochemistry. Freshly isolated cells from SON, PNF, and cord biopsies had a higher number of @entity2280 (-)73(+)90(+)105(+) cells compared with Skoog's fibers and @entity923 controls. P3 cells obtained from all @entity2074 biopsies compared with @entity923 samples differentiated into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. P3 cord and nodule cells expressed intense a-smooth muscle actin staining compared with skin and fat cells. Stem cell markers including stem cell factor, MSC-homing marker @entity436 , and Wnt/b-catenin downregulator @entity5741 were all upregulated in SON and PNF compared with @entity923 skin and @entity923 fat, respectively, as shown by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. However, osteogenic marker @entity18190 had a significantly higher expression in the PNF (P=0.002) and cord (P=0.01) compared with the nodule. In conclusion, we have shown the presence of MSCs in specific @entity2074 tissue phenotypes compared with internal and external control tissue. These findings provide preliminary support for a potential alternative source of disease myofibroblasts originating from sites such as SON and PNF as opposed to palmar fascia alone.

title: Identification of mesenchymal stem cells in perinodular fat and skin in XXXX : a potential source of myofibroblasts with implications for pathogenesis and therapy.

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['fibroproliferative disorder']

entities_list: @entity2074 :: ('MESH:D004387', 'Disease') :: ["Dupuytren's disease", 'DD']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel', 'CT']

answer: @entity2074 :: (MESH:D004387,Disease) :: ['Dupuytren's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Grade II and III @entity1653 have higher rates of @entity5 recurrence than grade I @entity1653 after surgery and/or external irradiation. As the utility of noninvasive treatments for @entity1313 increases, it is becoming increasingly important to assess the likelihood that a @entity5 is not benign before treatment initiation. Hence, the authors have reviewed a large series of their @entity1 to determine risk factors for higher-grade pathology, with particular interest paid to @entity5 location. METHODS: The authors reviewed 378 @entity1 presenting at their institution from 2000 to 2007 with histologically confirmed @entity1653 , central pathology grading according to the World Health Organization 2000 guidelines, and @entity5 location confirmed with preoperative imaging. They performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression on potential risk factors for high-grade pathology. RESULTS: Risk factors for grade II/III pathology included nonskull base location (2-fold) and male sex (2-fold). @entity1 with prior surgery had a 3-fold increased incidence of higher-grade @entity1653 at presentation at the authors' center. The authors controlled for this referral bias by performing a multivariate regression, and analysis without @entity1 receiving prior treatment. Ninety-seven percent of operations were performed for @entity5 size and clinical symptoms, whereas <3% were performed for interval growth or features concerning higher-grade pathology. CONCLUSIONS: Nonskull-base @entity1653 , male sex, and prior surgery impart increased risk for grade II or III pathology. This increased risk translates to probable poorer prognosis and increased likelihood of recurrence after treatment. Thus, it is prudent to take these specific variables into consideration in conjunction with the complete clinical presentation when advising @entity1 regarding their prognosis.

title: Anatomic location is a risk factor for atypical and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant meningiomas']


abstract: An ectopic origin of the coronary artery from the aorta beyond the sinotubular junction, a condition commonly referred to as 'coronary artery high take-off', has been described in @entity1 and C57BL/6 @entity19 . The present paper reports this congenital @entity453 in the @entity329 ( @entity329 ). Hearts from 14 individuals, aged 53-350 days, were examined by means of a corrosion-cast technique, scanning electron microscopy or histological and immunohistochemical techniques. In 11 hamsters, the right coronary artery was the ectopic vessel. In the other three animals there was a solitary coronary ostium in the aorta. In all cases, the ectopic coronary artery originated at an acute angle and a valve-like ridge was in front of the coronary artery ostium. The ectopic arteries examined microscopically showed an intramural trajectory within the aortic wall. In the hearts with a solitary ostium in the aorta, the left main coronary artery coursed between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. In @entity1 , all of these anomalous conditions place the individual at risk of @entity296 and @entity944 . However, none of the affected hamsters had clinical signs of disease. Intimal thickenings of increasing size with age were present in the intramural coronary artery segment of eight hamsters aged 106 days or older, examined histologically. The present findings fit with the notion that coronary arteries with acute angle take-off and an intramural course are subjected to unusual wear and tear, leading to tissue changes in the vessel wall.

title: Ectopic origin of coronary arteries from the aorta in XXXX ( @entity329 ).

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian hamster', 'Mesocricetus auratus']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery anomaly']

answer: @entity329 :: (10036,Species) :: ['Syrian hamsters']


abstract: An ectopic origin of the coronary artery from the aorta beyond the sinotubular junction, a condition commonly referred to as 'coronary artery high take-off', has been described in @entity1 and C57BL/6 @entity19 . The present paper reports this congenital @entity453 in the @entity329 ( @entity329 ). Hearts from 14 individuals, aged 53-350 days, were examined by means of a corrosion-cast technique, scanning electron microscopy or histological and immunohistochemical techniques. In 11 hamsters, the right coronary artery was the ectopic vessel. In the other three animals there was a solitary coronary ostium in the aorta. In all cases, the ectopic coronary artery originated at an acute angle and a valve-like ridge was in front of the coronary artery ostium. The ectopic arteries examined microscopically showed an intramural trajectory within the aortic wall. In the hearts with a solitary ostium in the aorta, the left main coronary artery coursed between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. In @entity1 , all of these anomalous conditions place the individual at risk of @entity296 and @entity944 . However, none of the affected hamsters had clinical signs of disease. Intimal thickenings of increasing size with age were present in the intramural coronary artery segment of eight hamsters aged 106 days or older, examined histologically. The present findings fit with the notion that coronary arteries with acute angle take-off and an intramural course are subjected to unusual wear and tear, leading to tissue changes in the vessel wall.

title: Ectopic origin of coronary arteries from the aorta in @entity329 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity329 :: (10036,Species) :: ['Mesocricetus auratus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exposure and response prevention (ERP) for @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ) is underutilized, in part because of costs and time requirements. This study extends pilot work investigating the use of a stepped care ERP administration, in which @entity1 are first given a low-intensity, low-cost treatment and the more costly intervention is reserved for those who do not respond to the first intervention. METHODS: Thirty adults with @entity3119 were randomized to receive stepped care ERP or standard ERP. Those receiving stepped care started with three sessions over 6 weeks of low-intensity counseling with ERP bibliotherapy; @entity1 failing to meet strict responder criteria after 6 weeks were given the more traditional treatment of therapist-administered ERP (17 sessions twice weekly). Those receiving standard ERP received the therapist-administered ERP with no lower-intensity lead-in. RESULTS: The two treatments were equally efficacious, with 67% of stepped care completers and 50% of standard treatment completers meeting criteria for clinically significant change at posttreatment. Similarly, no differences in client satisfaction ratings were obtained between the two groups. Examination of treatment costs, however, revealed that stepped care resulted in significantly lower costs to @entity1 and third-party payers than did standard ERP, with large effect sizes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that stepped care ERP can significantly reduce treatment costs, without evidence of diminished treatment efficacy or @entity1 satisfaction. Additional research is needed to determine the long-term efficacy and costs of stepped care for @entity3119 , and to examine the financial and therapeutic impact of implementing stepped care in community settings.

title: Stepped care versus standard cognitive-behavioral therapy for XXXX : a preliminary study of efficacy and costs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['OCD', 'obsessive-compulsive disorder']

answer: @entity3119 :: (MESH:D009771,Disease) :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder']


abstract: In 1998 to 2008, the Republic of Bashkortostan officially notified 174 cases of @entity8434 , including 43 cases in @entity1 less than 14 years of age. The @entity1 ' age varied from 6 to 75 years. Among the @entity1 , the proportion of @entity1 was 25%; out of them schoolchildren accounted for 95%. Able-bodied @entity1 aged 20 to 55 years suffered from @entity8434 in 55% of cases. 63.3% of the @entity1 were males while 36.7% were females. The disease cases were recorded in 46 of 63 municipal areas of the republic. Morbidity rates in the rural areas were 2.8 times greater than those in the urban ones. In the past 5 years, the morbidity rate in the Republic of Bashkortostan increased by 16 times (from 0.1 cases per 100,000 population in 2004 to 1.6 in 2008). It exceeded the average federal rate by 2.3 times in 2006 (0.9 in Bashkorstan and 0.4 in the Russian Federation) and by 4 times in 2008 (1.6 and 0.4, respectively). By using the morphological characteristics, genome typing by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay, and electrophoretic analysis of selected samples, the authors established that @entity45047 genotype (total, @entity742 ) causing @entity66 ( @entity8434 ) in the republic's population. The @entity8434 affliction rate for agricultural animals in the republic was as follows: 3.1-3.5% in @entity291 , 4.4-6.1% in small @entity291 , and 0.5-1.3% in @entity1707 .

title: [ XXXX in the Republic of Bashkortostan].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity742 :: ('9940', 'Species') :: ['sheep strain']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cystic hydatid disease']

entities_list: @entity8434 :: ('MESH:D004443', 'Disease') :: ['echinococcosis']

entities_list: @entity45047 :: ('446560', 'Species') :: ['E. granulosus strain G1']

answer: @entity8434 :: (MESH:D004443,Disease) :: ['Echinococcosis']


abstract: A quick confirmative method was developed for determining the residues of 17 glucocorticoids, 11 progesterones, 3 @entity3800 and 8 @entity172 in @entity1 formula by liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC- @entity15 / @entity15 ). The sample was extracted with @entity1626 at first. Then the lipid substances were removed by centrifugation under freezing condition and liquid-liquid extraction with @entity4315 of the extract. The purification was carried out on hydrophilic-lipophilic solid-phase extraction columns and @entity1042 was used as the eluted solvent. The detection of 39 analytes was carried out in the positive or negative multi-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, separately. Acetonitrile-0.1% @entity5189 was used as the mobile phase and an ordinary @entity3440 gel @entity6173 column was selected to separate the analytes in the positive mode. @entity1626 -0.1% aqueous @entity3265 as mobile phase and the separation was carried out on an ultra-performance @entity6173 column with a wide pH range in the negative mode. The limits of quantification (LOQ, S/N > or = 10) were 0.02-5 microg/kg. The overall recoveries varied from 59.5% to 117.9%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were between 6.4% and 16.3%. The real sample tests showed that the simple and accurate method can be used for determining the residues of multi-endogenous and chemically synthesized hormones in milk powders.

title: [Quick determination of 39 hormones residues in XXXX formula by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogens']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetonitrile', 'acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

entities_list: @entity5189 :: ('MESH:C030544', 'Chemical') :: ['formic acid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: In this study, @entity1068 extracts of stems and leaves of Costus cf. arabicus L. were evaluated for antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant strains of @entity526 and @entity794 aureus. The antibacterial and modulatory activities of the extracts were assayed by microdilution. The light-enhanced antibacterial activity was assayed by a light regimen. The growth of the bacteria tested was not inhibited by the extracts. The minimum inhibitory concentration values were >= 1,024  g/mL. However, the antibiotic activity of @entity581 was synergistically enhanced when these extracts at subinhibitory concentrations were combined with the antibiotics. Also, both extracts showed activity against the wild-type bacterial strains, but the leaf extract was the more active extract, being active against both @entity794 and @entity526 . Therefore, we conclude that the @entity1068 extracts of stems and leaves of C. cf. arabicus L. have potential light-induced antibacterial activity and synergistic antibiotic activity. This study showed that these extracts may be a promising source of antibacterial and modulatory agents.

title: In vitro antibacterial, phototoxic, and synergistic activity of XXXX extracts from Costus cf. arabicus L.

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus', 'S. aureus']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) consumption is strictly related to a high gastrointestinal and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity rate. @entity571 Research Society International (OARSI) recommendations in @entity1 with symptomatic hip or knee @entity571 stated that NSAIDs should be used at the lowest effective dose but their long-term use should be avoided if possible. OARSI guidelines for the treatment of the hip @entity571 include the use of viscosupplementation, which aims to restore physiological and rheological features of the synovial fluid. OBJECTIVE: Aim of this multicentric, open and retrospective study is to investigate if NSAID consumption may be reduced by the use of ultrasound-guided intra-articular injection of several hyaluronic acid (HA) products in hip joint administered in @entity1 affected by symptomatic hip @entity571 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 affected by mono or bilateral symptomatic hip @entity571 according to American Rheumatology Association (ARA) criteria, radiological @entity571 graded II-IV (Kellgren and Lawrence) entered the study and were administered with ultrasound-guided intra-articular injection of @entity4023 products. As a primary endpoint, consumption of NSAIDs was evaluated by recording the number of days a month (range 0-30) the @entity1 had used NSAID during the previous month, reported at each visit during the 24 months follow-up period. Secondary endpoints included further analysis for subgroups of @entity1 categorized for Lequesne index score, Kellgren-Lawrence score, pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score, ultrasound pattern, age, hyaluronic acid used. RESULTS: 2343 @entity1 entered the study. Regarding primary endpoint, the consumption of NSAIDs was reduced of 48.2% at the third month when compared with baseline values. This sparing effect increased at 12th and 24th month with a reduction respectively of 50% and 61% in comparison to baseline values. These differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: These data point out that intraarticular hyaluronan preparations provide @entity158 relief and reduce NSAIDs consumption in a large cohort of @entity1 for a long period of follow-up. Multiple courses of viscosupplementation (vs) are required to maintain low dose of NSAID consumption over time. NSAIDs consumption is strictly related to an high gastrointestinal and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity rate, instead HA intra-articular treatment is well tolerated and is associated with a low incidence of adverse effects. For these reasons further studies evaluating cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of VS in the management of hip @entity571 are required.

title: Hip viscosupplementation under ultra-sound guidance riduces NSAID consumption in symptomatic hip osteoarthritis XXXX in a long follow-up. Data from Italian registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity4023 :: ('MESH:D006820', 'Chemical') :: ['hyaluronic acid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A 69-year-old female was receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) for @entity810 ( @entity810 ) in an intensive care unit (ICU). Consultation was requested from the palliative medicine service to facilitate a shared decision-making process regarding goals of care. Clinician responsibility in shared decision making includes the formulation and expression of a prognostic assessment providing the necessary perspective for a spokesperson to match @entity1 values with treatment options. For this @entity1 , @entity810 requiring RRT in the ICU was used as a focal point for preparing a prognostic assessment. A prognostic assessment should include the outcomes of most importance to a discussion of goals of care: mortality risk and survivor functional status, in this case including renal recovery. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to document published data regarding these outcomes for adult @entity1 receiving RRT for @entity810 in the ICU. Forty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. The combined mean values for short-term mortality, long-term mortality, renal-function recovery of short-term survivors, and renal-function recovery of long-term survivors were 51.7%, 68.6%, 82.0%, and 88.4%, respectively. This case example illustrates a process for formulating and expressing a prognostic assessment for an ICU @entity1 requiring RRT for @entity810 . Data from the literature review provide baseline information that requires adjustment to reflect specific @entity1 circumstances. The nature of the acute primary process, comorbidities, and severity of @entity221 are key modifiers. Finally, the prognostic assessment is expressed during a family meeting using recommended principles of communication.

title: XXXX requiring renal replacement therapy in the intensive care unit: impact on prognostic assessment for shared decision making.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['ARF', 'acute renal failure']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['Acute renal failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Bodily self-recognition is one aspect of our ability to distinguish between self and others and is central to effective socialization. Here we explored the influence of emotional body postures on bodily self-processing in @entity245 ( @entity245 ) as well as in high-functioning @entity2438 @entity1 . METHOD: Subjects' bodies were photographed while expressing endogenously- (self-generated, Experiment 1) or exogenously-driven body emotions (imitated upon request, Experiment 2). Postures conveying positive (happiness), negative (fearful) and neutral valences were used. These pictures served as stimuli in a visual matching-to-sample task with self and others' body-images. RESULTS: A similar self-versus-others advantage was found in @entity245 and in @entity2438 @entity1 , since @entity1 were faster with stimuli representing their own than others' body. This "self-advantage" was modulated by self-expressed emotional body postures being present with pictures of happy and neutral, but not fearful body images. This modulation was stronger when emotional postures were endogenously rather than exogenously driven. Moreover, faster responses were observed for others' fearful rather than happy or neutral body images in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The bodily self-advantage is a low-level function present in @entity245 ( @entity245 ) and in high-functioning @entity2438 @entity1 . Body postures, especially when they are endogenously generated, modulate the self and others' body processing. The advantage for processing others' fearful, comparing to others' happy and neutral, body postures may have played a crucial evolutionary role for species survival.

title: Scared by you: modulation of bodily-self by emotional body-postures in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['TD', 'typically developing']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['autism']


abstract: PURPOSE: Dendritic cells (DC) may be the most effective way of delivering oncolytic viruses to @entity1 . Reovirus, a naturally occurring oncolytic virus, is currently undergoing early clinical trials; however, intravenous delivery of the virus is hampered by pre-existing antiviral immunity. Systemic delivery via cell carriage is a novel approach currently under investigation and initial studies have indicated its feasibility by using a variety of cell types and viruses. This study addressed the efficacy of @entity1 DC to transport virus in the presence of human neutralizing serum. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Following reovirus-loading, DC or T cells were cocultured with @entity320 cells with or without neutralizing serum; the @entity320 cells were then analyzed for cell death. Following reovirus loading, cells were examined by electron microscopy to identify mechanisms of delivery. The phagocytic function of reovirus-loaded DC was investigated by using labeled @entity5 cells and the ability of reovirus-loaded DC to prime T cells was also investigated. RESULTS: In the presence of human neutralizing serum DC, but not T cells, were able to deliver reovirus for @entity320 cell killing in vitro. Electron microscopy suggested that DC protected the virus by internalization, whereas with T cells it remained bound to the surface and hence accessible to neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore, DC loaded with reovirus were fully functional with regard to phagocytosis and priming of specific antitumor immune responses. CONCLUSIONS: The delivery of reovirus via DC could be a promising new approach offering the possibility of combining systemic viral therapy for @entity3 with induction of an antitumor immune response.

title: Internalization of oncolytic reovirus by XXXX dendritic cell carriers protects the virus from neutralization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Gene expression can be regulated by chromatin modifiers, transcription factors and proteins that modulate DNA architecture. Among the latter, AT-hook transcription factors have emerged as multifaceted regulators that can activate or repress broad A/T-rich gene networks. Thus, alterations of AT-hook genes could affect the transcription of multiple genes causing global cell dysfunction. Here we report that targeted deletions of @entity19 @entity72968 , a hypothetical @entity1129 factor, sensitize @entity19 to pathogen-induced @entity32 and cause @entity944 . Compared with wild-type littermates, @entity72968 KO @entity19 appeared weak, failed to thrive and most died by postnatal day 10. Systemic @entity32 , predominantly in the lungs, was accompanied by enhanced leukocyte infiltration and @entity133 . Cytologic, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses revealed @entity3804 (+)Gr1(+) neutrophils as major tissue infiltrators, neutrophilic granule protein, cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide and @entity12100 as neutrophil-specific chemoattracting factors, @entity635 and interferon-y as proinflammatory mediators, and matrix metalloprotease 9 as a plausible proteolytic trigger of @entity16 . @entity72968 KO bone marrow transplants in wild-type recipients reproduced the severe pathogen-induced reactions and confirmed the involvement of neutrophils in acute @entity32 . Moreover, promoter/reporter experiments showed that @entity72968 could act as a gene repressor. Our results support the concept of coordinated pathway-specific gene regulation functions modulating the intensity of inflammatory responses, reveal neutrophils as prominent mediators of acute @entity32 and suggest mechanisms underlying the triggering of acute and potentially fatal immune reactions.

title: Coordinate activation of inflammatory gene networks, @entity133 and neonatal death in XXXX deficient @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden neonatal death']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar damage']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar destruction']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['AT-hook-like transcription']

answer: @entity72968 :: (100182(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['AKNA']


abstract: Gene expression can be regulated by chromatin modifiers, transcription factors and proteins that modulate DNA architecture. Among the latter, AT-hook transcription factors have emerged as multifaceted regulators that can activate or repress broad A/T-rich gene networks. Thus, alterations of AT-hook genes could affect the transcription of multiple genes causing global cell dysfunction. Here we report that targeted deletions of @entity19 @entity72968 , a hypothetical @entity1129 factor, sensitize @entity19 to pathogen-induced @entity32 and cause @entity944 . Compared with wild-type littermates, @entity72968 KO @entity19 appeared weak, failed to thrive and most died by postnatal day 10. Systemic @entity32 , predominantly in the lungs, was accompanied by enhanced leukocyte infiltration and @entity133 . Cytologic, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses revealed @entity3804 (+)Gr1(+) neutrophils as major tissue infiltrators, neutrophilic granule protein, cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide and @entity12100 as neutrophil-specific chemoattracting factors, @entity635 and interferon-y as proinflammatory mediators, and matrix metalloprotease 9 as a plausible proteolytic trigger of @entity16 . @entity72968 KO bone marrow transplants in wild-type recipients reproduced the severe pathogen-induced reactions and confirmed the involvement of neutrophils in acute @entity32 . Moreover, promoter/reporter experiments showed that @entity72968 could act as a gene repressor. Our results support the concept of coordinated pathway-specific gene regulation functions modulating the intensity of inflammatory responses, reveal neutrophils as prominent mediators of acute @entity32 and suggest mechanisms underlying the triggering of acute and potentially fatal immune reactions.

title: Coordinate activation of inflammatory gene networks, XXXX and neonatal death in @entity72968 deficient @entity19 .

answer: @entity133 :: (MESH:D002282,Disease) :: ['alveolar destruction']


abstract: Gene expression can be regulated by chromatin modifiers, transcription factors and proteins that modulate DNA architecture. Among the latter, AT-hook transcription factors have emerged as multifaceted regulators that can activate or repress broad A/T-rich gene networks. Thus, alterations of AT-hook genes could affect the transcription of multiple genes causing global cell dysfunction. Here we report that targeted deletions of @entity19 @entity72968 , a hypothetical @entity1129 factor, sensitize @entity19 to pathogen-induced @entity32 and cause @entity944 . Compared with wild-type littermates, @entity72968 KO @entity19 appeared weak, failed to thrive and most died by postnatal day 10. Systemic @entity32 , predominantly in the lungs, was accompanied by enhanced leukocyte infiltration and @entity133 . Cytologic, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses revealed @entity3804 (+)Gr1(+) neutrophils as major tissue infiltrators, neutrophilic granule protein, cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide and @entity12100 as neutrophil-specific chemoattracting factors, @entity635 and interferon-y as proinflammatory mediators, and matrix metalloprotease 9 as a plausible proteolytic trigger of @entity16 . @entity72968 KO bone marrow transplants in wild-type recipients reproduced the severe pathogen-induced reactions and confirmed the involvement of neutrophils in acute @entity32 . Moreover, promoter/reporter experiments showed that @entity72968 could act as a gene repressor. Our results support the concept of coordinated pathway-specific gene regulation functions modulating the intensity of inflammatory responses, reveal neutrophils as prominent mediators of acute @entity32 and suggest mechanisms underlying the triggering of acute and potentially fatal immune reactions.

title: Coordinate activation of inflammatory gene networks, @entity133 and neonatal death in @entity72968 deficient XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: PURPOSE: Acute severe @entity2905 (ASL) frequently develops during @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) and concurrent @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) for high-grade @entity11 (HGG) and is associated with decreased survival. The current study was designed to identify potential predictors of ASL, with a focus on actionable @entity1161 -specific dosimetric parameters. METHODS AND MATERIALS: From January 2007 to December 2012, 183 @entity1 with HGG were treated with @entity1161 + @entity2904 and had available data including @entity348 ( @entity348 ) and radiation dose-volume histogram parameters. ASL was defined as @entity348 of <500/ L within the first 3  months from the start of @entity1161 . Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine the most important predictors of ASL. RESULTS: Fifty-three @entity1 (29%) developed ASL. @entity1 with ASL had significantly worse overall survival than those without (median: 12.5 vs 20.2  months, respectively, P<.001). Stepwise logistic regression analysis identified female sex (odds ratio [OR]: 5.30; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.46-11.41), older age (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.09), lower baseline @entity348 (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87-0.98), and higher brain volume receiving 25 Gy (V25Gy) (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.003-1.05) as the most significant predictors for ASL. Brain V25Gy <56% appeared to be the optimal threshold (OR:  2.36; 95% CI: 1.11-5.01), with an ASL rate of 38% versus 20% above and below this threshold, respectively (P=.006). CONCLUSIONS: Female sex, older age, lower baseline @entity348 , and higher brain V25Gy are significant predictors of ASL during @entity1161 + @entity2904 therapy for HGG. Maintaining the V25Gy of brain below 56% may reduce the risk of ASL.

title: Clinical and Dosimetric Predictors of Acute @entity2905 During Radiation Therapy and Concurrent XXXX for High-Grade @entity11 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['total lymphocyte count', 'TLC']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

answer: @entity2903 :: (MESH:C047246,Chemical) :: ['Temozolomide']


abstract: PURPOSE: Acute severe @entity2905 (ASL) frequently develops during @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) and concurrent @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) for high-grade @entity11 (HGG) and is associated with decreased survival. The current study was designed to identify potential predictors of ASL, with a focus on actionable @entity1161 -specific dosimetric parameters. METHODS AND MATERIALS: From January 2007 to December 2012, 183 @entity1 with HGG were treated with @entity1161 + @entity2904 and had available data including @entity348 ( @entity348 ) and radiation dose-volume histogram parameters. ASL was defined as @entity348 of <500/ L within the first 3  months from the start of @entity1161 . Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine the most important predictors of ASL. RESULTS: Fifty-three @entity1 (29%) developed ASL. @entity1 with ASL had significantly worse overall survival than those without (median: 12.5 vs 20.2  months, respectively, P<.001). Stepwise logistic regression analysis identified female sex (odds ratio [OR]: 5.30; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.46-11.41), older age (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.09), lower baseline @entity348 (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87-0.98), and higher brain volume receiving 25 Gy (V25Gy) (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.003-1.05) as the most significant predictors for ASL. Brain V25Gy <56% appeared to be the optimal threshold (OR:  2.36; 95% CI: 1.11-5.01), with an ASL rate of 38% versus 20% above and below this threshold, respectively (P=.006). CONCLUSIONS: Female sex, older age, lower baseline @entity348 , and higher brain V25Gy are significant predictors of ASL during @entity1161 + @entity2904 therapy for HGG. Maintaining the V25Gy of brain below 56% may reduce the risk of ASL.

title: Clinical and Dosimetric Predictors of Acute @entity2905 During Radiation Therapy and Concurrent @entity2903 for High-Grade XXXX .

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['Glioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Acute severe @entity2905 (ASL) frequently develops during @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) and concurrent @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) for high-grade @entity11 (HGG) and is associated with decreased survival. The current study was designed to identify potential predictors of ASL, with a focus on actionable @entity1161 -specific dosimetric parameters. METHODS AND MATERIALS: From January 2007 to December 2012, 183 @entity1 with HGG were treated with @entity1161 + @entity2904 and had available data including @entity348 ( @entity348 ) and radiation dose-volume histogram parameters. ASL was defined as @entity348 of <500/ L within the first 3  months from the start of @entity1161 . Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine the most important predictors of ASL. RESULTS: Fifty-three @entity1 (29%) developed ASL. @entity1 with ASL had significantly worse overall survival than those without (median: 12.5 vs 20.2  months, respectively, P<.001). Stepwise logistic regression analysis identified female sex (odds ratio [OR]: 5.30; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.46-11.41), older age (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.09), lower baseline @entity348 (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87-0.98), and higher brain volume receiving 25 Gy (V25Gy) (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.003-1.05) as the most significant predictors for ASL. Brain V25Gy <56% appeared to be the optimal threshold (OR:  2.36; 95% CI: 1.11-5.01), with an ASL rate of 38% versus 20% above and below this threshold, respectively (P=.006). CONCLUSIONS: Female sex, older age, lower baseline @entity348 , and higher brain V25Gy are significant predictors of ASL during @entity1161 + @entity2904 therapy for HGG. Maintaining the V25Gy of brain below 56% may reduce the risk of ASL.

title: Clinical and Dosimetric Predictors of Acute XXXX During Radiation Therapy and Concurrent @entity2903 for High-Grade @entity11 .

answer: @entity2905 :: (MESH:D008231,Disease) :: ['Severe Lymphopenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The main drawbacks of radioimmunotherapy have been severe hematological @entity137 and potential development of @entity2590 and @entity1778 . Activation of @entity899 follows a major pathway by which normal tissues respond to DNA-damaging agents, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, that result in injuries and pathological consequences. This pathway is separate from the @entity5 suppressor pathway of @entity899 . We have previously reported that use of low-dose @entity3494 (LDA) temporarily and reversibly suppresses @entity899 activation, thereby ameliorating normal tissue @entity137 from exposure to @entity1487 and X rays. We have also demonstrated that LDA-mediated protection requires functional @entity899 and thus is selective to normal tissues, as essentially every @entity5 cell has dysfunctional @entity899 . Here we tested the protective efficacy of LDA for bone marrow tissue against radioimmunotherapy through animal experiments. METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity19 were subjected to LDA pretreatment for 3  days, followed by treatment with Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan. Both dose course (10, 25, 50, 100, and 200   Ci) and time course (6, 24, and 72  hours and 1 and 2  weeks) experiments were performed. The response of bone marrow cells to LDA was determined by examining the expression of NFkB, @entity29408 , and @entity24031 . Staining with @entity1710 and @entity1711 , y-H2AX, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase @entity1977 nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to examine morphology, DNA damage response, and apoptotic cell populations. RESULTS: Elevated levels of NFkB, @entity29408 , and @entity24031 were observed in bone marrow cells after LDA treatment. Bone @entity236 levels induced by Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan were greatly reduced by LDA pretreatment. Consistent with this observation, significantly less DNA damage and fewer apoptotic cells were accumulated after Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan treatment in LDA-pretreated @entity19 . Furthermore, in the @entity19 xenograft model implanted with @entity1 @entity1 @entity706 cells, LDA pretreatment did not have any detectable effect on either @entity5 growth or Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (200   Ci)-induced @entity5 suppression. CONCLUSIONS: LDA pretreatment protected bone marrow without compromising @entity5 control caused by Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan.

title: XXXX -Based Strategy for Protection of Bone Marrow From Y-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['marrow damage']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['secondary leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity899 :: (22060(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies investigating the prevention of @entity1017 differ considerably in design and quality, which impedes pooling them in conventional meta-analyses, the basis for evidence-based policy making. This study is aimed at quantifying the prospective association between measured physical activity and fat mass in @entity1 , using a meta-analysis method that allows inclusion of heterogeneous studies by adjusting for differences through eliciting and incorporating expert opinion. METHODS: Studies on prevention of @entity1017 using objectively measured exposure and outcome were eligible; they were adopted from a recently published systematic review. Differences in study quality and design were considered as internal and external biases and captured in checklists. Study results were converted to correlation coefficients and biases were considered either additive or proportional on this scale. The extent and uncertainty of biases in each study were elicited in a formal process by six quantitatively-trained assessors and five subject-matter specialists. Biases for each study were combined across assessors using median pooling. Results were combined across studies by random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: The combined correlation of the unadjusted results from the six studies was -0.04 (95%CI: -0.22, 0.14) with considerable heterogeneity (I  =78%), which makes it difficult to interpret the result. After bias-adjustment the pooled correlation was -0.01 (95%CI: -0.18, 0.16) with apparent study compatibility (I  =0%). CONCLUSION: By using this method the prospective association between physical activity and fat mass could be quantitatively synthesized; the result suggests no association. Objectively measured physical activity may not be the key determinant of unhealthy @entity1017 in @entity1 .

title: Objectively measured physical activity and fat mass in XXXX : a bias-adjusted meta-analysis of prospective studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9190 , as a primary colonizer of the tooth surface, interacts with salivary a-amylase via amylase-binding protein A (AbpA). This enzyme hydrolyzes starch to @entity413 , @entity7969 , and maltodextrins that can be utilized by various oral bacteria for nutrition. Microarray studies demonstrated that AbpA modulates gene expression in response to amylase, suggesting that the amylase-streptococcal interaction may function in ways other than nutrition. The goal of this study was to explore the role of AbpA in gene regulation through comparative transcriptional profiling of wild-type KS1 and AbpA(-) mutant KS1  abpA under various environmental conditions. A portion of total RNA isolated from mid-log phase cells grown in 5% @entity3158 in (1) complex medium with/without amylase, (2) defined medium (DM) containing 0.8% @entity413 with/without amylase, and (3) DM containing 0.2% @entity413 and amylase with/without starch was reverse transcribed to cDNA and the rest used for RNA-Sequencing. Changes in expression of selected genes were validated by qRT-PCR. Maltodextrin-associated genes, @entity844 synthesis genes and competence genes were differentially expressed in a medium-dependent manner. Genes in another cluster containing a putative @entity3793 kinase/response regulator, peptide @entity18440 reductase, thioredoxin protein, lipoprotein, and cytochrome c-type protein were downregulated in KS1  abpA under all environmental conditions tested. Thus, AbpA appears to modulate genes associated with maltodextrin utilization/transport and @entity844 synthesis. Importantly, in all growth conditions AbpA is associated with increased expression of a potential two component signaling system associated with genes involved in reducing oxidative stress suggesting a role in signal transduction and stress tolerance.

title: Dynamics of the XXXX transcriptome in response to media composition, salivary a-amylase and starch.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity9190 :: ('1302', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus gordonii']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity18440 :: ('MESH:C013111', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine sulfoxide']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity9190 :: (1302,Species) :: ['Streptococcus gordonii']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lateral pelvic lymph node @entity3 is generally present in 17% of @entity1 with T3 lower @entity5 . However, such lymph node metastases cannot be accurately detected before surgery. Since 2001, we have performed sentinel node navigation surgery for @entity1 with T3 lower @entity5 considering the lymph nodes located between the @entity530 as the lateral sentinel lymph node (LSN). @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 2001 and 2010, 101 @entity1 with T3 lower @entity5 without distant @entity3 or peritoneal dissemination were prospectively enrolled in the study. @entity1 with negative lymph nodes in the mesorectum underwent only LSN dissection in the lateral pelvic space. @entity1 with metastatic lymph nodes detected in the mesorectum underwent lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLD). RESULTS: Fifty-three out of the 101 @entity1 with pathologically-negative lymph nodes in the mesorectum and a negative LSN were clinically judged as having @entity34 because no recurrence was detected in the lateral pelvic space during the three years following surgery. The other 48 @entity1 underwent LPLD because of a positive lymph node in the mesorectum, and were further divided into two sub-groups, 40 with a negative and 8 with a positive LSN. Only the eight @entity1 with a positive LSN also had positive lymph nodes in the lateral pelvic space. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with T3 lower @entity5 in stage III may not require LPLD. LSN may be very useful to determine @entity34 during surgery.

title: Sentinel node navigation surgery for lower XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['vesicohypogastric fascia and the pelvic nerve plexus']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage II disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Context     Many @entity1 with musculoskeletal issues seek traditional Korean medicine or complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to treat or help deal with their health conditions. Practitioners and @entity1 should be aware of diseases that can exhibit similar symptoms, consequently complicating diagnosis and treatment. Objective     The study intended to examine a case of @entity5011 ( @entity5011 ), in which the @entity1 presented with @entity615 , @entity158 , and weakness that gave cause for diagnostic error at onset. Design     The research team has reported a case study. Setting     The study was conducted at Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine in Seoul, Korea. @entity1     After initially being prescribed back surgery for lumbar disc herniation, as confirmed by lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at a previous hospital, a 54-y-old female with @entity1643 as her chief complaint chose to transfer to a Korean medicine hospital for nonsurgical treatment. Intervention     The @entity1 became nonambulatory owing to a sudden decrease in muscle strength during admission and underwent a cervical MRI to assess for cervical @entity602 because she developed @entity4048 and @entity3140 . She then was diagnosed with @entity5011 and received a regime of symptomatic treatment with CAM, including acupuncture, electroacupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine. Results     The cervical MRI results showed that the symptoms were not due to @entity602 or @entity614 , and @entity5011 was suspected because of the progressive ascending weakness, absence of myotatic reflexes in the lower limbs, and preceding flu-like symptoms. The @entity1 showed @entity514 recuperation after the CAM treatments, recovering motor strength and ambulation. Conclusions     A seemingly typical @entity1 with musculoskeletal symptoms may turn out to have a completely different pathology, and clinicians should keep such potential confounders and comorbidities in mind when diagnosing @entity1 .

title: XXXX mistaken for a common spinal disorder: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Participant']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back and leg pain']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity3140 :: ('MESH:D038062', 'Disease') :: ['upper-limb symptoms']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['additional neck pain']

entities_list: @entity5011 :: ('MESH:D020275', 'Disease') :: ['GBS', 'Guillain-Barr   syndrome']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['radiculopathy']

answer: @entity5011 :: (MESH:D020275,Disease) :: ['Guillain-barr   syndrome']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Telehealth has been widely promoted as a technology to make healthcare more effective and affordable. However, current telehealth systems suffer from vendor lock-in and high cost, and are designed for managing @entity102 rather than preventing them. METHODS: We address shortcomings of existing consumer-level health informatics applications in supporting senior health consumers, and provide designers of such systems with a design framework. We assess the feasibility of @entity1 -centred health management systems (HMSs) that are designed based on the proposed framework. In contrast to traditional telehealth, HMSs are @entity1 centred and aim at enabling health consumers to take control of their own health by providing functionality for health self-management. Quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted in evaluating a @entity37007 . RESULTS: Senior healthcare consumers viewed our @entity37007 prototype positively, and experienced a positive change in their attitude towards their health. We identified requirements and challenges for HMSs. In particular, @entity1 indicated that social networking features must have a clear purpose beyond simple broadcasting of emotions and opinions. DISCUSSION: Our study indicates that seniors are able and motivated to leverage a web-based @entity1 -centred @entity37007 , provided that there are suitable health support applications tailored to their needs. This could be achieved by making it attractive for third party application developers to contribute @entity37007 content.

title: Designing and evaluating a XXXX -centred health management system for seniors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity37007 :: ('MESH:C537627', 'Disease') :: ['HMS', 'prototype HMS']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: 'Store and forward' teledermoscopy is a technology with potential advantages for @entity320 screening. Any large-scale implementation of this technology is dependent on consumer acceptance. AIM: To investigate preferences for @entity320 screening options compared with skin self-examination in adults considered to be at increased risk of developing @entity1489 . METHODS: A discrete choice experiment was completed by 35 consumers, all of whom had prior experience with the use of teledermoscopy, in Queensland, Australia. @entity1 made 12 choices between screening alternatives described by seven attributes including monetary cost. A mixed logit model was used to estimate the relative weights that consumers place on different aspects of screening, along with the marginal willingness to pay for teledermoscopy as opposed to screening at a clinic. RESULTS: Overall, @entity1 preferred screening/diagnosis by a health professional rather than skin self-examination. Key drivers of screening choice were for results to be reviewed by a dermatologist; a higher detection rate; fewer non-cancerous moles being removed in relation to every @entity1489 detected; and less time spent away from usual activities. On average, @entity1 were willing to pay AUD110 to have teledermoscopy with dermatologist review available to them as a screening option. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Consumers preferentially value aspects of care that are more feasible with a teledermoscopy screening model, as compared with other @entity1489 screening and diagnosis options. This study adds to previous literature in the area which has relied on the use of consumer satisfaction scales to assess the acceptability of teledermoscopy.

title: Consumer preferences for teledermoscopy screening to detect XXXX early.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: This multicenter, randomized trial compared @entity416 plus @entity901 (XELOX) with bolus @entity1487 (FU) and @entity4181 (FA) as adjuvant therapy for @entity1 with @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 who had undergone curative resection were randomly assigned to XELOX ( @entity901 130 mg/m(2) on day 1 plus @entity416 1,000 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 to 14 every 3 weeks for 24 weeks) or a standard bolus FU/FA adjuvant regimen (Mayo Clinic for 24 weeks or Roswell Park for 32 weeks). The primary study end point was disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: The intention-to-treat population comprised 1,886 @entity1 ; 944 @entity1 were randomly assigned to XELOX and 942 to FU/FA (Mayo Clinic, n = 664; Roswell Park, n = 278). After 57 months of follow-up for the primary analysis, 295 @entity1 (31.3%) in the XELOX group had relapsed, developed a new primary @entity694 , or died compared with 353 @entity1 (37.5%) in the FU/FA group (hazard ratio [HR] for DFS, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.93; P = .0045). The 3-year DFS rate was 70.9% with XELOX and 66.5% with FU/FA. The HR for overall survival (OS) for XELOX compared to FU/FA was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.72 to 1.05; P = .1486). The 5-year OS for XELOX and FU/FA were 77.6% and 74.2%, respectively. Follow-up is ongoing. Preplanned multivariate and subgroup analyses supported the robustness of these findings. CONCLUSION: The addition of @entity901 to @entity416 improves DFS in @entity1 with @entity5 . XELOX is an additional adjuvant treatment option for these @entity1 .

title: @entity416 plus XXXX compared with @entity1487 and @entity4181 as adjuvant therapy for @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['oxaliplatin']


abstract: PURPOSE: This multicenter, randomized trial compared @entity416 plus @entity901 (XELOX) with bolus @entity1487 (FU) and @entity4181 (FA) as adjuvant therapy for @entity1 with @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 who had undergone curative resection were randomly assigned to XELOX ( @entity901 130 mg/m(2) on day 1 plus @entity416 1,000 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 to 14 every 3 weeks for 24 weeks) or a standard bolus FU/FA adjuvant regimen (Mayo Clinic for 24 weeks or Roswell Park for 32 weeks). The primary study end point was disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: The intention-to-treat population comprised 1,886 @entity1 ; 944 @entity1 were randomly assigned to XELOX and 942 to FU/FA (Mayo Clinic, n = 664; Roswell Park, n = 278). After 57 months of follow-up for the primary analysis, 295 @entity1 (31.3%) in the XELOX group had relapsed, developed a new primary @entity694 , or died compared with 353 @entity1 (37.5%) in the FU/FA group (hazard ratio [HR] for DFS, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.93; P = .0045). The 3-year DFS rate was 70.9% with XELOX and 66.5% with FU/FA. The HR for overall survival (OS) for XELOX compared to FU/FA was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.72 to 1.05; P = .1486). The 5-year OS for XELOX and FU/FA were 77.6% and 74.2%, respectively. Follow-up is ongoing. Preplanned multivariate and subgroup analyses supported the robustness of these findings. CONCLUSION: The addition of @entity901 to @entity416 improves DFS in @entity1 with @entity5 . XELOX is an additional adjuvant treatment option for these @entity1 .

title: @entity416 plus @entity901 compared with @entity1487 and XXXX as adjuvant therapy for @entity5 .

answer: @entity4181 :: (MESH:D002955,Chemical) :: ['folinic acid']


abstract: PURPOSE: This multicenter, randomized trial compared @entity416 plus @entity901 (XELOX) with bolus @entity1487 (FU) and @entity4181 (FA) as adjuvant therapy for @entity1 with @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 who had undergone curative resection were randomly assigned to XELOX ( @entity901 130 mg/m(2) on day 1 plus @entity416 1,000 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 to 14 every 3 weeks for 24 weeks) or a standard bolus FU/FA adjuvant regimen (Mayo Clinic for 24 weeks or Roswell Park for 32 weeks). The primary study end point was disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: The intention-to-treat population comprised 1,886 @entity1 ; 944 @entity1 were randomly assigned to XELOX and 942 to FU/FA (Mayo Clinic, n = 664; Roswell Park, n = 278). After 57 months of follow-up for the primary analysis, 295 @entity1 (31.3%) in the XELOX group had relapsed, developed a new primary @entity694 , or died compared with 353 @entity1 (37.5%) in the FU/FA group (hazard ratio [HR] for DFS, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.93; P = .0045). The 3-year DFS rate was 70.9% with XELOX and 66.5% with FU/FA. The HR for overall survival (OS) for XELOX compared to FU/FA was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.72 to 1.05; P = .1486). The 5-year OS for XELOX and FU/FA were 77.6% and 74.2%, respectively. Follow-up is ongoing. Preplanned multivariate and subgroup analyses supported the robustness of these findings. CONCLUSION: The addition of @entity901 to @entity416 improves DFS in @entity1 with @entity5 . XELOX is an additional adjuvant treatment option for these @entity1 .

title: @entity416 plus @entity901 compared with XXXX and @entity4181 as adjuvant therapy for @entity5 .

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['fluorouracil']


abstract: PURPOSE: This multicenter, randomized trial compared @entity416 plus @entity901 (XELOX) with bolus @entity1487 (FU) and @entity4181 (FA) as adjuvant therapy for @entity1 with @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 who had undergone curative resection were randomly assigned to XELOX ( @entity901 130 mg/m(2) on day 1 plus @entity416 1,000 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 to 14 every 3 weeks for 24 weeks) or a standard bolus FU/FA adjuvant regimen (Mayo Clinic for 24 weeks or Roswell Park for 32 weeks). The primary study end point was disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: The intention-to-treat population comprised 1,886 @entity1 ; 944 @entity1 were randomly assigned to XELOX and 942 to FU/FA (Mayo Clinic, n = 664; Roswell Park, n = 278). After 57 months of follow-up for the primary analysis, 295 @entity1 (31.3%) in the XELOX group had relapsed, developed a new primary @entity694 , or died compared with 353 @entity1 (37.5%) in the FU/FA group (hazard ratio [HR] for DFS, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.93; P = .0045). The 3-year DFS rate was 70.9% with XELOX and 66.5% with FU/FA. The HR for overall survival (OS) for XELOX compared to FU/FA was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.72 to 1.05; P = .1486). The 5-year OS for XELOX and FU/FA were 77.6% and 74.2%, respectively. Follow-up is ongoing. Preplanned multivariate and subgroup analyses supported the robustness of these findings. CONCLUSION: The addition of @entity901 to @entity416 improves DFS in @entity1 with @entity5 . XELOX is an additional adjuvant treatment option for these @entity1 .

title: XXXX plus @entity901 compared with @entity1487 and @entity4181 as adjuvant therapy for @entity5 .

answer: @entity416 :: (MESH:C110904,Chemical) :: ['Capecitabine']


abstract: PURPOSE: This multicenter, randomized trial compared @entity416 plus @entity901 (XELOX) with bolus @entity1487 (FU) and @entity4181 (FA) as adjuvant therapy for @entity1 with @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 who had undergone curative resection were randomly assigned to XELOX ( @entity901 130 mg/m(2) on day 1 plus @entity416 1,000 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 to 14 every 3 weeks for 24 weeks) or a standard bolus FU/FA adjuvant regimen (Mayo Clinic for 24 weeks or Roswell Park for 32 weeks). The primary study end point was disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: The intention-to-treat population comprised 1,886 @entity1 ; 944 @entity1 were randomly assigned to XELOX and 942 to FU/FA (Mayo Clinic, n = 664; Roswell Park, n = 278). After 57 months of follow-up for the primary analysis, 295 @entity1 (31.3%) in the XELOX group had relapsed, developed a new primary @entity694 , or died compared with 353 @entity1 (37.5%) in the FU/FA group (hazard ratio [HR] for DFS, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.93; P = .0045). The 3-year DFS rate was 70.9% with XELOX and 66.5% with FU/FA. The HR for overall survival (OS) for XELOX compared to FU/FA was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.72 to 1.05; P = .1486). The 5-year OS for XELOX and FU/FA were 77.6% and 74.2%, respectively. Follow-up is ongoing. Preplanned multivariate and subgroup analyses supported the robustness of these findings. CONCLUSION: The addition of @entity901 to @entity416 improves DFS in @entity1 with @entity5 . XELOX is an additional adjuvant treatment option for these @entity1 .

title: @entity416 plus @entity901 compared with @entity1487 and @entity4181 as adjuvant therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage III colon cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility of genotyping @entity788 via fine needle aspirates (FNAs). BACKGROUND: FNA is a common method of diagnosis for @entity788 , yet it has traditionally been considered inadequate for molecular studies due to the limited quantity of DNA derived from FNA specimens and @entity5 heterogeneity. METHODS: In vitro mixing studies were performed to deduce the minimum cellularity needed for genetic analysis. DNA from both simulated FNAs and clinical FNAs was sequenced. Mutational concordance was determined between simulated FNAs and that of the resected specimen. RESULTS: Limiting dilution studies indicated that mutations present at allele frequencies as low as 0.12% are detectable. Comparison of simulated FNAs and matched @entity5 tissue exhibited a concordance frequency of 100% for all driver genes present. In FNAs obtained from 17 @entity1 with unresectable disease, we identified at least 1 driver gene mutation in all @entity1 including actionable somatic mutations in @entity14050 and @entity19213 . The constellation of mutations identified in these @entity1 was different than that reported for resectable @entity788 , implying a biologic basis for presentation with locally advanced @entity788 . CONCLUSIONS: FNA sequencing is feasible and subsets of @entity1 may harbor actionable mutations that could potentially impact therapy. Moreover, preoperative FNA sequencing has the potential to influence the timing of surgery relative to systemic therapy. FNA sequencing opens the door to clinical trials in which @entity1 undergo neoadjuvant or a surgery-first approach based on their @entity5 genetics with the goal of utilizing @entity5 genomics in the clinical management of @entity788 .

title: Reliable Detection of Somatic Mutations in Fine Needle Aspirates of XXXX With Next-generation Sequencing: Implications for Surgical Management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic tumors', 'pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Cancer']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the blood pressure (BP) reaction to public speaking performed according to different emotionally distressing scenarios in stage 1 @entity101 . METHODS. We assessed 64 @entity101 and 30 normotensive subjects. They performed three speech tasks with neutral, anger and @entity148 scenarios. BP was assessed with the Finometer beat-to-beat non-invasive recording system throughout the test procedure. RESULTS: For all types of speech, the systolic BP response was greater in the @entity101 than the normotensive subjects (all p < 0.001). At repeated-measures analysis of covariate (R-M ANCOVA), a significant group-by-time interaction was found for all scenarios (p  <= 0.001). For the diastolic BP response, the between-group difference was significant for the task with @entity148 scenario (p < 0.05). At R-M ANCOVA, a group-by-time interaction of borderline statistical significance was found for the speech with @entity148 content (p = 0.053) but not for the speeches with neutral or anger content. Within the @entity101 group, the diastolic BP increments during the speeches with @entity148 and anger scenarios were greater than those during the speech with neutral scenario (both p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that reactivity to public speaking is increased in stage 1 @entity101 . A speech with @entity148 or anger scenario elicits a greater diastolic BP reaction than tasks with neutral content.

title: BP reactivity to public speaking in stage 1 XXXX : influence of different task scenarios.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive', 'hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: The Beef Improvement Federation recommends residual feed intake (RFI) be calculated from 70-d tests preceded by a 21-d adjustment period. Individual animal feed intake and gain measurements are expensive and time consuming, which limits the number of animals available for national genetic evaluation of feed intake. If a shorter test period of comparable accuracy could be used, the cost would decrease and more animals could be tested annually. The objective of this study was to determine if data from shortened tests is equally as predictive of average daily @entity9956 (ADMI) and RFI values from 70-d tests. Feed intake and weight measures were collected after weaning from @entity291 bulls, steers, and heifers (n = 612) during four 70-d performance tests. For each individual, ADMI and RFI were calculated. Residual feed intake was calculated by regressing ADMI on @entity209 ( @entity209 ) and ADG with the effect of breed included where appropriate. Based on four 70-d intake tests, ADMI, RFI, ADG, and @entity209 were evaluated using shortened test lengths in a post hoc analysis where shortened test lengths were imposed on the full-period tests. The ADMI, RFI, ADG, and @entity209 values from the full 70-d test were regressed on ADMI, RFI, ADG, and @entity209 values resulting from the constructed shorter data subsets. The 8 subsets ranged from 14 to 56 d in length. The fixed effects of test, breed, animal's origin, and sex were included in each comparison for ADMI, ADG, and @entity209 . Estimates for regression coefficients of ADMI values from a full test on various subsets ranged from 0.63 to 1.02. Likewise, estimated coefficients obtained from the regression of full test RFI, ADG, and @entity209 values on subsets ranged from 0.50 to 1.00, 0.09 to 0.85, and 0.48 to 1.02, respectively. We conclude that ADMI values from a 42-d test ( < 0.0001) and RFI values from a 56-d test (P < 0.0001) adequately predict ADMI and RFI when compared to a 70-d test. These results suggest that testing periods of 42 d for determining ADMI and 56 d for RFI could ultimately reduce testing costs and result in collection of data on a larger number of animals per year, in turn resulting in more data for genetic evaluation.

title: Optimum measurement period for evaluating feed intake traits in beef XXXX .

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MMWT', 'metabolic midweight']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: Emerging evidence indicates that @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) is associated with a wide variety of extrahepatic complications. However, the potential association between @entity73 and @entity1561 has been less investigated. This study examined the relationship between pulmonary function and @entity1560 in 9976 adults participating in a cross-sectional analysis of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). @entity1561 was defined as @entity1560 presented on ultrasound examinations in the absence of other known @entity409 . The associations between predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)% or predicted forced vital capacity (FVC)% and @entity1561 were examined using multivariable linear regression while controlling for confounders. The association between obstructive or restrictive spirometry patterns and @entity1561 was also evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. After adjustment for multiple covariates, predicted FEV1% and FVC% were significantly and inversely associated with the degree of @entity1560 (P for trend <0.001 for both). The restrictive lung pattern was significantly related to @entity1 with moderate and severe @entity1560 as compared with those without @entity1560 (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.14-2.39 and OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.13-2.82), whereas the obstructive lung pattern was not associated with the presence of @entity1560 . Individuals with a greater degree of @entity1560 were at greater risk for poor pulmonary function, especially in restrictive pattern. These novel findings demonstrate that @entity73 is also an extrahepatic complication of @entity1561 .

title: Association Between Pulmonary Function and Nonalcoholic Fatty XXXX in the NHANES III Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic steatosis', 'steatosis']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired pulmonary function']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['Liver Disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To assess the sensitivity and specificity for ratios of adrenal vein @entity701 level ( @entity9495 ) to peripheral vein @entity701 level (Cp), adrenal vein @entity1369 level (Aa) to peripheral vein @entity1369 level (Ap), and combined @entity701 and @entity1369 levels ("combined ratio") for the detection of successful adrenal vein catheterization ("selectivity") in adrenal vein sampling (AVS) without @entity4545 (ACTH) injection at different cutoff values. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was waived. AVS was performed in 160 consecutive @entity1 (49 @entity1 and 111 @entity1 ; mean age, 53.6 years) between December 1989 and January 2014. @entity701 and @entity1369 levels were measured in samples from the adrenal veins and left iliac vein every 5 minutes, two times before (basal) and three times after intravenous cosyntropin (ACTH 1-24) injection. Selectivity was defined by @entity9495 /Cp or Aa/Ap ratio of at least 5 in at least one sampling after ACTH administration. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of selective adrenal vein catheterization were calculated for basal @entity9495 /Cp ratio, Aa/Ap ratio, and combined ratios for three cutoff values reported in the literature. The McNemar test was used to assess differences in sensitivity and specificity to detect selective adrenal vein catheterization. Results The sensitivity and specificity for the cutoff values of at least 3, at least 2, and at least 1.1 for the detection of AVS selectivity were respectively 50.4% and 100%, 70.8% and 100%, and 98.5% and 76.9% for @entity9495 /Cp ratio; 61.3% and 100%, 70.8% and 100%, and 94.2% and 53.8% for Aa/Ap ratio; and 75.2% and 100%, 88.3% and 100%, and 99.3% and 46.2% for combined ratios (sensitivity at the >= 2 cutoff value: P < .0001 for combined ratio vs @entity9495 /Cp ratio and for combined ratio vs Aa/Ap ratio). Conclusion Basal combined ratio has the best sensitivity for the detection of AVS selectivity at all cutoff values, and for all ratios, the cutoff value of at least 2 has the best sensitivity for 100% specificity. (  ) RSNA, 2015.

title: Adrenal Vein Sampling in Primary Aldosteronism: Sensitivity and Specificity of Basal Adrenal Vein to Peripheral Vein XXXX and @entity1369 Ratios to Confirm Catheterization of the Adrenal Vein.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['Cortisol']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To assess the sensitivity and specificity for ratios of adrenal vein @entity701 level ( @entity9495 ) to peripheral vein @entity701 level (Cp), adrenal vein @entity1369 level (Aa) to peripheral vein @entity1369 level (Ap), and combined @entity701 and @entity1369 levels ("combined ratio") for the detection of successful adrenal vein catheterization ("selectivity") in adrenal vein sampling (AVS) without @entity4545 (ACTH) injection at different cutoff values. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was waived. AVS was performed in 160 consecutive @entity1 (49 @entity1 and 111 @entity1 ; mean age, 53.6 years) between December 1989 and January 2014. @entity701 and @entity1369 levels were measured in samples from the adrenal veins and left iliac vein every 5 minutes, two times before (basal) and three times after intravenous cosyntropin (ACTH 1-24) injection. Selectivity was defined by @entity9495 /Cp or Aa/Ap ratio of at least 5 in at least one sampling after ACTH administration. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of selective adrenal vein catheterization were calculated for basal @entity9495 /Cp ratio, Aa/Ap ratio, and combined ratios for three cutoff values reported in the literature. The McNemar test was used to assess differences in sensitivity and specificity to detect selective adrenal vein catheterization. Results The sensitivity and specificity for the cutoff values of at least 3, at least 2, and at least 1.1 for the detection of AVS selectivity were respectively 50.4% and 100%, 70.8% and 100%, and 98.5% and 76.9% for @entity9495 /Cp ratio; 61.3% and 100%, 70.8% and 100%, and 94.2% and 53.8% for Aa/Ap ratio; and 75.2% and 100%, 88.3% and 100%, and 99.3% and 46.2% for combined ratios (sensitivity at the >= 2 cutoff value: P < .0001 for combined ratio vs @entity9495 /Cp ratio and for combined ratio vs Aa/Ap ratio). Conclusion Basal combined ratio has the best sensitivity for the detection of AVS selectivity at all cutoff values, and for all ratios, the cutoff value of at least 2 has the best sensitivity for 100% specificity. (  ) RSNA, 2015.

title: Adrenal Vein Sampling in Primary Aldosteronism: Sensitivity and Specificity of Basal Adrenal Vein to Peripheral Vein @entity701 and XXXX Ratios to Confirm Catheterization of the Adrenal Vein.

answer: @entity1369 :: (MESH:D000450,Chemical) :: ['Aldosterone']


abstract: We analyzed the changes of post-movement beta synchronization (PMBS) of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in @entity2360 with @entity16 . Our aim was to determine if PMBS in @entity2360 is altered in a different way than in @entity191 or in essential @entity400 . Our purpose was to find out whether the analysis of PMBS could help the diagnosis in ambiguous cases. Ten @entity1 with @entity16 of @entity2360 and ten controls performed self-paced movements with the dominant hand during EEG acquisition. Five electrodes above the sensorimotor cortex were selected for evaluation (C3, C1, Cz, C2, C4) as contralateral (C); contralateral medial (CM); medial (M); ipsilateral medial (IM); ipsilateral (I) relative to the dominant hand. Power and latency of PMBS were calculated by time resolved power spectral analysis with multitaper method. PMBS power in the C electrode position was significantly lower in @entity1 than in controls, its contralateral preponderance disappeared in the @entity1 group. In every location, latency of PMBS was significantly longer in the Wilson group compared to controls. More altered PMBS could be measured in @entity1 with both basal ganglia and cerebellar involvements. Since decreased power of PMBS was observed in @entity191 and increased latency in essential @entity400 , the combined change of PMBS can indicate pathology of different neural circuits and may help the diagnosis in challenging cases.

title: Disturbed post-movement beta synchronization in @entity2360 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological manifestation']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2360 :: ('MESH:D006527', 'Disease') :: ["Wilson's disease"]

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['neurological manifestation']


abstract: We analyzed the changes of post-movement beta synchronization (PMBS) of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in @entity2360 with @entity16 . Our aim was to determine if PMBS in @entity2360 is altered in a different way than in @entity191 or in essential @entity400 . Our purpose was to find out whether the analysis of PMBS could help the diagnosis in ambiguous cases. Ten @entity1 with @entity16 of @entity2360 and ten controls performed self-paced movements with the dominant hand during EEG acquisition. Five electrodes above the sensorimotor cortex were selected for evaluation (C3, C1, Cz, C2, C4) as contralateral (C); contralateral medial (CM); medial (M); ipsilateral medial (IM); ipsilateral (I) relative to the dominant hand. Power and latency of PMBS were calculated by time resolved power spectral analysis with multitaper method. PMBS power in the C electrode position was significantly lower in @entity1 than in controls, its contralateral preponderance disappeared in the @entity1 group. In every location, latency of PMBS was significantly longer in the Wilson group compared to controls. More altered PMBS could be measured in @entity1 with both basal ganglia and cerebellar involvements. Since decreased power of PMBS was observed in @entity191 and increased latency in essential @entity400 , the combined change of PMBS can indicate pathology of different neural circuits and may help the diagnosis in challenging cases.

title: Disturbed post-movement beta synchronization in XXXX with @entity16 .

answer: @entity2360 :: (MESH:D006527,Disease) :: ['Wilson's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the acute effects of @entity1771 on the anterior chamber angle (ACA) and @entity3193 in @entity1 with @entity2704 . METHODS: This prospective study included 15 eyes of 15 @entity1 with @entity2704 who have been scheduled to start @entity1771 therapy. All @entity1 underwent complete ophthalmic examination including measurement of the ACA and @entity3193 using a spectral domain optical coherence tomography device (Optovue Inc.) and refractive status evaluation with an autorefractokeratometer (KR-8100; Topcon) at the baseline and 1 week after starting therapy. The @entity1 were asked to report any @entity158 or discomfort in their eyes during therapy at the follow-up visit. RESULTS: None of the @entity1 experienced @entity158 or discomfort in their eyes. The mean ACA significantly decreased at the first week of the therapy compared with the baseline levels (40.34  7.06   and 36.89  6.87  , respectively) (P=0.001). However, the mean @entity3193 increased from 277.33  95.60  m at the baseline to 323.40  84.50  m at the first week (P=0.01). There was a nonsignificant increase in the mean refractive error (from -0.25  0.54 diopter [D] at the baseline to -0.38  0.49 D after 1 week) (P=0.06). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1771 can acutely decrease the ACA and increase the @entity3193 . Because these effects may be asymptomatic, @entity1 with @entity2704 who start this therapy should be warned to be closely followed up by an ophthalmologist.

title: @entity1771 -Induced Changes in Anterior Chamber Angle and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1771 :: ('MESH:C052342', 'Chemical') :: ['topiramate', 'Topiramate']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal thickness']

answer: @entity3193 :: (MESH:D015862,Disease) :: ['Choroidal Thickness']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the acute effects of @entity1771 on the anterior chamber angle (ACA) and @entity3193 in @entity1 with @entity2704 . METHODS: This prospective study included 15 eyes of 15 @entity1 with @entity2704 who have been scheduled to start @entity1771 therapy. All @entity1 underwent complete ophthalmic examination including measurement of the ACA and @entity3193 using a spectral domain optical coherence tomography device (Optovue Inc.) and refractive status evaluation with an autorefractokeratometer (KR-8100; Topcon) at the baseline and 1 week after starting therapy. The @entity1 were asked to report any @entity158 or discomfort in their eyes during therapy at the follow-up visit. RESULTS: None of the @entity1 experienced @entity158 or discomfort in their eyes. The mean ACA significantly decreased at the first week of the therapy compared with the baseline levels (40.34  7.06   and 36.89  6.87  , respectively) (P=0.001). However, the mean @entity3193 increased from 277.33  95.60  m at the baseline to 323.40  84.50  m at the first week (P=0.01). There was a nonsignificant increase in the mean refractive error (from -0.25  0.54 diopter [D] at the baseline to -0.38  0.49 D after 1 week) (P=0.06). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1771 can acutely decrease the ACA and increase the @entity3193 . Because these effects may be asymptomatic, @entity1 with @entity2704 who start this therapy should be warned to be closely followed up by an ophthalmologist.

title: XXXX -Induced Changes in Anterior Chamber Angle and @entity3193 .

answer: @entity1771 :: (MESH:C052342,Chemical) :: ['Topiramate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Growth factor technologies are increasingly used to enhance healing in @entity85 , particularly in sports medicine. Two such products; platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and autologous blood, have a growing body of supporting evidence. No previous trial has directly compared the efficacy of these two methods. HYPOTHESIS: Growth factor administration improves tissue regeneration in @entity1 who have failed to respond to conservative therapy. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, double-blind, randomised trial. METHODS: Elbow @entity924 @entity1 who had failed conservative physical therapy were divided into two @entity1 groups: PRP injection (N=80) and autologous blood injection (ABI) (N=70). Each @entity1 received two injections at 0 and 1 month. @entity1 -related @entity2633 (PRTEE) was recorded by a blinded investigator at 0, 1, 3 and 6 months. The main outcome measure was PRTEE, a validated composite outcome for @entity158 , activities of daily living and physical function, utilising a 0-100 scale. RESULTS: At 6 months the authors observed a 66% success rate in the PRP group versus 72% in the ABI group, p=NS. There was a higher rate of conversion to surgery in the ABI group (20%) versus the PRP group (10%). CONCLUSION: In @entity1 who are resistant to first-line physical therapy such as eccentric loading, ABI or PRP injections are useful second-line therapies to improve clinical outcomes. In this study, up to seven out of 10 additional @entity1 in this difficult to treat cohort benefit from a surgery-sparing intervention.

title: Growth factor-based therapies provide additional benefit beyond physical therapy in resistant elbow XXXX : a prospective, single-blind, randomised trial of autologous blood injections versus platelet-rich plasma injections.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2633 :: ('MESH:D013716', 'Disease') :: ['tennis elbow evaluation']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal injuries']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['tendinopathy']