abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7159 Background: Previous serological analysis of @entity151 cell lines identified members of the SOX Group B ( @entity15468 ) and @entity20442 proteins as highly immunogenic @entity5 antigens. @entity72208 are expressed in normal adult brain, testis and prostate as well as in many @entity151 cell lines. @entity20442 is expressed in normal brain and testis and is detected in @entity5 cell lines (9/11 @entity151 , 10/12 @entity320 , 7/7 NSCLC) as well as in colon, breast, head and neck, lung, bladder, @entity242 and @entity320 tissues. We assessed the prevalence and titers of the antibody response to these proteins and their correlation with survival in a group of @entity151 patients. METHODS: Serum samples from 70 @entity151 @entity1 were tested for SOX and @entity20442 immunoreactivity using a plaque assay. Titers of immunoreactive samples were determined by 10-fold serial dilutions. Clinical characteristics and survival were analyzed with respect to immunoreactivity and statistical analysis performed. RESULTS: Of 70 @entity151 @entity1 sera tested, 25.7% were seropositive for @entity15468 , 21.4% for @entity4731 , 10.0% for @entity41011 , and 15.7% for @entity20442 with titers as high as10(6). Antibody response was seen in 14/30 limited stage @entity1 and 10/25 extensive stage @entity1 . Analysis of 40 @entity1 with complete clinical data showed a statistically significant survival advantage in @entity1 with immunoreactivity to @entity41011 and/or @entity20442 (p=0.0175). A trend towards longer survival in @entity1 seropositive for any of the four proteins was also observed although it did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: In this group of @entity151 @entity1 , there is a high incidence of immunoreactivity to @entity15468 and @entity20442 . @entity41011 immunoreactivity was associated with high titer @entity15468 and @entity4731 immunoreactivity. Seroreactivity to SOX Group B and @entity20442 is associated with prolonged survival in these @entity1 without clinically evident @entity16 . The presence of these antibodies may be a marker of a more indolent course of this disease and may be of interest as a vaccine target. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Immunoreactivity to @entity15468 and @entity20442 antigens and correlation to survival in @entity151 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanoma tumor']

answer: @entity151 :: (MESH:D055752,Disease) :: ['SCLC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7159 Background: Previous serological analysis of @entity151 cell lines identified members of the SOX Group B ( @entity15468 ) and @entity20442 proteins as highly immunogenic @entity5 antigens. @entity72208 are expressed in normal adult brain, testis and prostate as well as in many @entity151 cell lines. @entity20442 is expressed in normal brain and testis and is detected in @entity5 cell lines (9/11 @entity151 , 10/12 @entity320 , 7/7 NSCLC) as well as in colon, breast, head and neck, lung, bladder, @entity242 and @entity320 tissues. We assessed the prevalence and titers of the antibody response to these proteins and their correlation with survival in a group of @entity151 patients. METHODS: Serum samples from 70 @entity151 @entity1 were tested for SOX and @entity20442 immunoreactivity using a plaque assay. Titers of immunoreactive samples were determined by 10-fold serial dilutions. Clinical characteristics and survival were analyzed with respect to immunoreactivity and statistical analysis performed. RESULTS: Of 70 @entity151 @entity1 sera tested, 25.7% were seropositive for @entity15468 , 21.4% for @entity4731 , 10.0% for @entity41011 , and 15.7% for @entity20442 with titers as high as10(6). Antibody response was seen in 14/30 limited stage @entity1 and 10/25 extensive stage @entity1 . Analysis of 40 @entity1 with complete clinical data showed a statistically significant survival advantage in @entity1 with immunoreactivity to @entity41011 and/or @entity20442 (p=0.0175). A trend towards longer survival in @entity1 seropositive for any of the four proteins was also observed although it did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: In this group of @entity151 @entity1 , there is a high incidence of immunoreactivity to @entity15468 and @entity20442 . @entity41011 immunoreactivity was associated with high titer @entity15468 and @entity4731 immunoreactivity. Seroreactivity to SOX Group B and @entity20442 is associated with prolonged survival in these @entity1 without clinically evident @entity16 . The presence of these antibodies may be a marker of a more indolent course of this disease and may be of interest as a vaccine target. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Immunoreactivity to @entity15468 and @entity20442 antigens and correlation to survival in XXXX ( @entity151 ).

answer: @entity151 :: (MESH:D055752,Disease) :: ['small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7159 Background: Previous serological analysis of @entity151 cell lines identified members of the SOX Group B ( @entity15468 ) and @entity20442 proteins as highly immunogenic @entity5 antigens. @entity72208 are expressed in normal adult brain, testis and prostate as well as in many @entity151 cell lines. @entity20442 is expressed in normal brain and testis and is detected in @entity5 cell lines (9/11 @entity151 , 10/12 @entity320 , 7/7 NSCLC) as well as in colon, breast, head and neck, lung, bladder, @entity242 and @entity320 tissues. We assessed the prevalence and titers of the antibody response to these proteins and their correlation with survival in a group of @entity151 patients. METHODS: Serum samples from 70 @entity151 @entity1 were tested for SOX and @entity20442 immunoreactivity using a plaque assay. Titers of immunoreactive samples were determined by 10-fold serial dilutions. Clinical characteristics and survival were analyzed with respect to immunoreactivity and statistical analysis performed. RESULTS: Of 70 @entity151 @entity1 sera tested, 25.7% were seropositive for @entity15468 , 21.4% for @entity4731 , 10.0% for @entity41011 , and 15.7% for @entity20442 with titers as high as10(6). Antibody response was seen in 14/30 limited stage @entity1 and 10/25 extensive stage @entity1 . Analysis of 40 @entity1 with complete clinical data showed a statistically significant survival advantage in @entity1 with immunoreactivity to @entity41011 and/or @entity20442 (p=0.0175). A trend towards longer survival in @entity1 seropositive for any of the four proteins was also observed although it did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: In this group of @entity151 @entity1 , there is a high incidence of immunoreactivity to @entity15468 and @entity20442 . @entity41011 immunoreactivity was associated with high titer @entity15468 and @entity4731 immunoreactivity. Seroreactivity to SOX Group B and @entity20442 is associated with prolonged survival in these @entity1 without clinically evident @entity16 . The presence of these antibodies may be a marker of a more indolent course of this disease and may be of interest as a vaccine target. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Immunoreactivity to @entity15468 and XXXX antigens and correlation to survival in @entity151 ( @entity151 ).

answer: @entity20442 :: (7546,Gene) :: ['ZIC2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7159 Background: Previous serological analysis of @entity151 cell lines identified members of the SOX Group B ( @entity15468 ) and @entity20442 proteins as highly immunogenic @entity5 antigens. @entity72208 are expressed in normal adult brain, testis and prostate as well as in many @entity151 cell lines. @entity20442 is expressed in normal brain and testis and is detected in @entity5 cell lines (9/11 @entity151 , 10/12 @entity320 , 7/7 NSCLC) as well as in colon, breast, head and neck, lung, bladder, @entity242 and @entity320 tissues. We assessed the prevalence and titers of the antibody response to these proteins and their correlation with survival in a group of @entity151 patients. METHODS: Serum samples from 70 @entity151 @entity1 were tested for SOX and @entity20442 immunoreactivity using a plaque assay. Titers of immunoreactive samples were determined by 10-fold serial dilutions. Clinical characteristics and survival were analyzed with respect to immunoreactivity and statistical analysis performed. RESULTS: Of 70 @entity151 @entity1 sera tested, 25.7% were seropositive for @entity15468 , 21.4% for @entity4731 , 10.0% for @entity41011 , and 15.7% for @entity20442 with titers as high as10(6). Antibody response was seen in 14/30 limited stage @entity1 and 10/25 extensive stage @entity1 . Analysis of 40 @entity1 with complete clinical data showed a statistically significant survival advantage in @entity1 with immunoreactivity to @entity41011 and/or @entity20442 (p=0.0175). A trend towards longer survival in @entity1 seropositive for any of the four proteins was also observed although it did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: In this group of @entity151 @entity1 , there is a high incidence of immunoreactivity to @entity15468 and @entity20442 . @entity41011 immunoreactivity was associated with high titer @entity15468 and @entity4731 immunoreactivity. Seroreactivity to SOX Group B and @entity20442 is associated with prolonged survival in these @entity1 without clinically evident @entity16 . The presence of these antibodies may be a marker of a more indolent course of this disease and may be of interest as a vaccine target. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Immunoreactivity to XXXX and @entity20442 antigens and correlation to survival in @entity151 ( @entity151 ).

answer: @entity15468 :: (6656,Gene) :: ['SOX-1, -2, -3']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 801 Background: @entity440 has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of @entity5 recurrence in @entity1 with @entity0 and has been used for chemoprevention in @entity1 with @entity3 and @entity1 at high risk of developing @entity0 . One established and accepted risk with this treatment is the increased risk of uterine @entity5 . Originally this was felt to be limited to @entity1204 , but recent evidence suggests an increased risk of @entity242 as well. METHODS: A 42-year retrospective review was performed at a rural tertiary care center. The charts of all @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity242 were reviewed. 136 @entity1 with @entity242 were identifed. Any @entity1 with a primary diagnosis of @entity0 or use of @entity440 for adjuvant or preventive therapy were substratified. RESULTS: Of the 136 @entity1 with @entity242 , ten @entity1 had primary @entity0 . Six of these ten @entity1 had received a five-year course of @entity440 prior to the development of uterine sarsoma; four did not receive adjuvant hormonal therapy. Additionally, one of our @entity1 enrolled in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) @entity0 Prevention Trial developed a @entity3905 ( @entity3905 ) 27 months after completing a five-year course of @entity440 . CONCLUSIONS: We therefore report seven cases of @entity242 occurring subsequent to 60 months of @entity440 treatment. This is compared to the report of 12 cases identifed from the NSABP treatment and prevention trials secondary @entity5 data. We suggest that there may be a higher incidence of @entity242 in @entity440 -treated @entity1 than that based on the NSABP data. Given the increased risk of uterine @entity5 (both @entity420 and @entity242 ), as well as other potential complications of @entity440 use, consideration needs to be taken before beginning hormonal therapy, especially in a prevention setting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: @entity440 related XXXX - A retrospective review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast Cancer', 'breast cancer', 'breast malignancies', 'receptor-positive breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen', 'Tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['uterine sarcoma', 'sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3905 :: ('MESH:D018198', 'Disease') :: ['malignant mixed mullerian tumor', 'MMMT']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['non-invasive cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['uterine sarcoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 801 Background: @entity440 has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of @entity5 recurrence in @entity1 with @entity0 and has been used for chemoprevention in @entity1 with @entity3 and @entity1 at high risk of developing @entity0 . One established and accepted risk with this treatment is the increased risk of uterine @entity5 . Originally this was felt to be limited to @entity1204 , but recent evidence suggests an increased risk of @entity242 as well. METHODS: A 42-year retrospective review was performed at a rural tertiary care center. The charts of all @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity242 were reviewed. 136 @entity1 with @entity242 were identifed. Any @entity1 with a primary diagnosis of @entity0 or use of @entity440 for adjuvant or preventive therapy were substratified. RESULTS: Of the 136 @entity1 with @entity242 , ten @entity1 had primary @entity0 . Six of these ten @entity1 had received a five-year course of @entity440 prior to the development of uterine sarsoma; four did not receive adjuvant hormonal therapy. Additionally, one of our @entity1 enrolled in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) @entity0 Prevention Trial developed a @entity3905 ( @entity3905 ) 27 months after completing a five-year course of @entity440 . CONCLUSIONS: We therefore report seven cases of @entity242 occurring subsequent to 60 months of @entity440 treatment. This is compared to the report of 12 cases identifed from the NSABP treatment and prevention trials secondary @entity5 data. We suggest that there may be a higher incidence of @entity242 in @entity440 -treated @entity1 than that based on the NSABP data. Given the increased risk of uterine @entity5 (both @entity420 and @entity242 ), as well as other potential complications of @entity440 use, consideration needs to be taken before beginning hormonal therapy, especially in a prevention setting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: XXXX related @entity242 - A retrospective review.

answer: @entity440 :: (MESH:D013629,Chemical) :: ['Tamoxifen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1201 is a public health problem and a neglected condition of morbidity and mortality in several countries of the world. We analysed time trends and spatiotemporal patterns of @entity1201 -related mortality in Brazil. METHODS: We performed a nationwide population-based study using secondary mortality data. We included all @entity204 that occurred in Brazil between 2000 and 2011, in which @entity1201 was mentioned in any field of @entity204 certificates. RESULTS: @entity1201 was identified in 7732/12 491 280 @entity204 (0.1%). Average annual age-adjusted mortality rate was 0.43 @entity204 /100 000 inhabitants (95% CI 0.40-0.46). The burden of @entity204 was higher among males, elderly, black race/colour and in @entity1201 regions. @entity1203 was the most common clinical form mentioned. Mortality rates showed a significant nationwide decrease over the period (annual percent change [APC]: -2.8%; 95% CI -4.2 to -2.4). We observed decreasing mortality rates in the South, Southeast and Central-West regions, while the rates remained stable in North and Northeast regions. Spatial and spatiotemporal high-risk clusters for @entity204 were distributed mainly in highly endemic and socio-economically deprived regions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1201 is a neglected cause of @entity204 in Brazil since the disease is preventable, and a cost-effective treatment is available. Sustainable control measures should include appropriate management and systematic monitoring of @entity532 , such as severe @entity1201 reactions and adverse effects to multidrug therapy.

title: XXXX -related mortality in Brazil: a neglected condition of a neglected disease.

entities_list: @entity1203 :: ('MESH:D015440', 'Disease') :: ['Lepromatous leprosy']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['leprosy-related deaths', 'leprosy deaths', 'death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['leprosy-related complications']

entities_list: @entity1201 :: ('MESH:D007918', 'Disease') :: ['Leprosy', 'leprosy', 'leprosy-endemic']

answer: @entity1201 :: (MESH:D007918,Disease) :: ['Leprosy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9736 Background: Evaluation of @entity1486 ( @entity1486 ) is the current screening method for early detection of @entity263 . @entity1486 is more prostate specific than @entity5 specific, and elevated @entity1486 can also be found in benign conditions of the prostate. Thus, in spite of the overall success of @entity1486 screening, there is a continued need for more sensitive and specific methods for early detection of @entity263 . METHODS: We have developed an antibody-based approach to biomarker discovery in @entity5 , focusing on differential protein expression, using: i) a large collection of high affinity polyclonal antibodies raised against individual @entity1 proteins and their isoforms; ii) a proprietary multiplex protein array immunoassay, namely the matrix protein array technology (MPAT), coupled to a readout and data analysis system, and iii) clinical samples (tissue and serum) from normal, @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ), early and @entity263 @entity1 . Protein extracts from specimens were printed onto a membrane, then allowed to interact with 20,000 individual antibodies from our collection. Antibody-sample reaction was detected by chemiluminescence, and quantified by computer analysis of a CCD-acquired image, followed by statistical analysis. RESULTS: In the screening of tissue specimens we have identified three distinct panels of antibodies, specific for @entity5 , @entity263 , respectively. In addition, screening of 150 serum samples revealed antibody panels discriminating @entity5 . We have further characterized these biomarkers by western blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These biomarkers offer potential applications in the early diagnosis of @entity263 , and discrimination from benign conditions of the prostate. [Table: see text].

title: Candidate secreted biomarkers for XXXX detection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'BPH and prostate tumor', 'advanced prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'early versus late stage prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostate hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['PSA', 'prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['early prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7119 Background: @entity1206 (V) and @entity136 (G) are active, well tolerated agents in @entity1149 . They have different mechanisms of action and are easily administered on an outpatient basis. METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 (pts), 42 evaluable, were entered between August 2001 and May 2003. They received V 30 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 ( @entity66 ) or one (1) cycle after best response (BR) followed by G 1000 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 or one cycle after BR. Then stable pts continued until @entity74 ( @entity74 ) on V or G according to pts' preference. Thirty seven pts had stage IV and five pts stage IIIB disease, 32 males, 10 females, median age 75, 21 pts with ECOG @entity13770 , 17 pts with ECOG @entity13769 , and 4 pts with ECOG PS 0. Pts' comorbidities were cardiovascular, pulmonary, or neurological. RESULTS: A total of 124 cycles of V were administered, median of 3 cycles per pt and 69 cycles of G, median of 1 cycle per pt. Sixteen pts (38 %) achieved partial response (PR), 11 pts on V and 5 pts on G, eleven pts (26.7 %) had @entity66 , 7 pts on V and 4 pts on G. Of 24 pts with @entity74 on V, three pts (12.5 %) responded to G. Median time to first @entity74 was 3.5 months. Median survival has surpassed six months and eight pts (19 %) already survived over one year. Thirteen pts are still alive after six months of minimal follow-up. @entity137 was minimal, six pts had grade 2 @entity1431 , two pts received red cell transfusions, no grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were reported. Three pts had grade 2 @entity1295 and @entity448 and one pt had grade 2 @entity16 . CONCLUSION: Our regimen offers an excellent palliative treatment with minimal @entity137 for elderly pts with comorbidities or pts with poor PS. Sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline. [Table: see text].

title: Sequential therapy with @entity1206 followed by @entity136 in @entity1 with metastatic XXXX ( @entity1149 ), @entity13770 or elderly with comorbidities: A multicenter phase II trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['Vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7119 Background: @entity1206 (V) and @entity136 (G) are active, well tolerated agents in @entity1149 . They have different mechanisms of action and are easily administered on an outpatient basis. METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 (pts), 42 evaluable, were entered between August 2001 and May 2003. They received V 30 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 ( @entity66 ) or one (1) cycle after best response (BR) followed by G 1000 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 or one cycle after BR. Then stable pts continued until @entity74 ( @entity74 ) on V or G according to pts' preference. Thirty seven pts had stage IV and five pts stage IIIB disease, 32 males, 10 females, median age 75, 21 pts with ECOG @entity13770 , 17 pts with ECOG @entity13769 , and 4 pts with ECOG PS 0. Pts' comorbidities were cardiovascular, pulmonary, or neurological. RESULTS: A total of 124 cycles of V were administered, median of 3 cycles per pt and 69 cycles of G, median of 1 cycle per pt. Sixteen pts (38 %) achieved partial response (PR), 11 pts on V and 5 pts on G, eleven pts (26.7 %) had @entity66 , 7 pts on V and 4 pts on G. Of 24 pts with @entity74 on V, three pts (12.5 %) responded to G. Median time to first @entity74 was 3.5 months. Median survival has surpassed six months and eight pts (19 %) already survived over one year. Thirteen pts are still alive after six months of minimal follow-up. @entity137 was minimal, six pts had grade 2 @entity1431 , two pts received red cell transfusions, no grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were reported. Three pts had grade 2 @entity1295 and @entity448 and one pt had grade 2 @entity16 . CONCLUSION: Our regimen offers an excellent palliative treatment with minimal @entity137 for elderly pts with comorbidities or pts with poor PS. Sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline. [Table: see text].

title: Sequential therapy with @entity1206 followed by @entity136 in @entity1 with metastatic @entity1149 ( XXXX ), @entity13770 or elderly with comorbidities: A multicenter phase II trial.

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7119 Background: @entity1206 (V) and @entity136 (G) are active, well tolerated agents in @entity1149 . They have different mechanisms of action and are easily administered on an outpatient basis. METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 (pts), 42 evaluable, were entered between August 2001 and May 2003. They received V 30 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 ( @entity66 ) or one (1) cycle after best response (BR) followed by G 1000 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 or one cycle after BR. Then stable pts continued until @entity74 ( @entity74 ) on V or G according to pts' preference. Thirty seven pts had stage IV and five pts stage IIIB disease, 32 males, 10 females, median age 75, 21 pts with ECOG @entity13770 , 17 pts with ECOG @entity13769 , and 4 pts with ECOG PS 0. Pts' comorbidities were cardiovascular, pulmonary, or neurological. RESULTS: A total of 124 cycles of V were administered, median of 3 cycles per pt and 69 cycles of G, median of 1 cycle per pt. Sixteen pts (38 %) achieved partial response (PR), 11 pts on V and 5 pts on G, eleven pts (26.7 %) had @entity66 , 7 pts on V and 4 pts on G. Of 24 pts with @entity74 on V, three pts (12.5 %) responded to G. Median time to first @entity74 was 3.5 months. Median survival has surpassed six months and eight pts (19 %) already survived over one year. Thirteen pts are still alive after six months of minimal follow-up. @entity137 was minimal, six pts had grade 2 @entity1431 , two pts received red cell transfusions, no grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were reported. Three pts had grade 2 @entity1295 and @entity448 and one pt had grade 2 @entity16 . CONCLUSION: Our regimen offers an excellent palliative treatment with minimal @entity137 for elderly pts with comorbidities or pts with poor PS. Sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline. [Table: see text].

title: Sequential therapy with XXXX followed by @entity136 in @entity1 with metastatic @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), @entity13770 or elderly with comorbidities: A multicenter phase II trial.

answer: @entity1206 :: (MESH:C030852,Chemical) :: ['vinorelbine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7119 Background: @entity1206 (V) and @entity136 (G) are active, well tolerated agents in @entity1149 . They have different mechanisms of action and are easily administered on an outpatient basis. METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 (pts), 42 evaluable, were entered between August 2001 and May 2003. They received V 30 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 ( @entity66 ) or one (1) cycle after best response (BR) followed by G 1000 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 or one cycle after BR. Then stable pts continued until @entity74 ( @entity74 ) on V or G according to pts' preference. Thirty seven pts had stage IV and five pts stage IIIB disease, 32 males, 10 females, median age 75, 21 pts with ECOG @entity13770 , 17 pts with ECOG @entity13769 , and 4 pts with ECOG PS 0. Pts' comorbidities were cardiovascular, pulmonary, or neurological. RESULTS: A total of 124 cycles of V were administered, median of 3 cycles per pt and 69 cycles of G, median of 1 cycle per pt. Sixteen pts (38 %) achieved partial response (PR), 11 pts on V and 5 pts on G, eleven pts (26.7 %) had @entity66 , 7 pts on V and 4 pts on G. Of 24 pts with @entity74 on V, three pts (12.5 %) responded to G. Median time to first @entity74 was 3.5 months. Median survival has surpassed six months and eight pts (19 %) already survived over one year. Thirteen pts are still alive after six months of minimal follow-up. @entity137 was minimal, six pts had grade 2 @entity1431 , two pts received red cell transfusions, no grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were reported. Three pts had grade 2 @entity1295 and @entity448 and one pt had grade 2 @entity16 . CONCLUSION: Our regimen offers an excellent palliative treatment with minimal @entity137 for elderly pts with comorbidities or pts with poor PS. Sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline. [Table: see text].

title: Sequential therapy with @entity1206 followed by @entity136 in @entity1 with metastatic @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), XXXX or elderly with comorbidities: A multicenter phase II trial.

answer: @entity13770 :: (338412,Gene) :: ['performance status (PS) 2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7119 Background: @entity1206 (V) and @entity136 (G) are active, well tolerated agents in @entity1149 . They have different mechanisms of action and are easily administered on an outpatient basis. METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 (pts), 42 evaluable, were entered between August 2001 and May 2003. They received V 30 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 ( @entity66 ) or one (1) cycle after best response (BR) followed by G 1000 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 or one cycle after BR. Then stable pts continued until @entity74 ( @entity74 ) on V or G according to pts' preference. Thirty seven pts had stage IV and five pts stage IIIB disease, 32 males, 10 females, median age 75, 21 pts with ECOG @entity13770 , 17 pts with ECOG @entity13769 , and 4 pts with ECOG PS 0. Pts' comorbidities were cardiovascular, pulmonary, or neurological. RESULTS: A total of 124 cycles of V were administered, median of 3 cycles per pt and 69 cycles of G, median of 1 cycle per pt. Sixteen pts (38 %) achieved partial response (PR), 11 pts on V and 5 pts on G, eleven pts (26.7 %) had @entity66 , 7 pts on V and 4 pts on G. Of 24 pts with @entity74 on V, three pts (12.5 %) responded to G. Median time to first @entity74 was 3.5 months. Median survival has surpassed six months and eight pts (19 %) already survived over one year. Thirteen pts are still alive after six months of minimal follow-up. @entity137 was minimal, six pts had grade 2 @entity1431 , two pts received red cell transfusions, no grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were reported. Three pts had grade 2 @entity1295 and @entity448 and one pt had grade 2 @entity16 . CONCLUSION: Our regimen offers an excellent palliative treatment with minimal @entity137 for elderly pts with comorbidities or pts with poor PS. Sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline. [Table: see text].

title: Sequential therapy with @entity1206 followed by XXXX in @entity1 with metastatic @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), @entity13770 or elderly with comorbidities: A multicenter phase II trial.

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7119 Background: @entity1206 (V) and @entity136 (G) are active, well tolerated agents in @entity1149 . They have different mechanisms of action and are easily administered on an outpatient basis. METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 (pts), 42 evaluable, were entered between August 2001 and May 2003. They received V 30 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 ( @entity66 ) or one (1) cycle after best response (BR) followed by G 1000 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 and 8 every three weeks, two cycles for @entity66 or one cycle after BR. Then stable pts continued until @entity74 ( @entity74 ) on V or G according to pts' preference. Thirty seven pts had stage IV and five pts stage IIIB disease, 32 males, 10 females, median age 75, 21 pts with ECOG @entity13770 , 17 pts with ECOG @entity13769 , and 4 pts with ECOG PS 0. Pts' comorbidities were cardiovascular, pulmonary, or neurological. RESULTS: A total of 124 cycles of V were administered, median of 3 cycles per pt and 69 cycles of G, median of 1 cycle per pt. Sixteen pts (38 %) achieved partial response (PR), 11 pts on V and 5 pts on G, eleven pts (26.7 %) had @entity66 , 7 pts on V and 4 pts on G. Of 24 pts with @entity74 on V, three pts (12.5 %) responded to G. Median time to first @entity74 was 3.5 months. Median survival has surpassed six months and eight pts (19 %) already survived over one year. Thirteen pts are still alive after six months of minimal follow-up. @entity137 was minimal, six pts had grade 2 @entity1431 , two pts received red cell transfusions, no grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were reported. Three pts had grade 2 @entity1295 and @entity448 and one pt had grade 2 @entity16 . CONCLUSION: Our regimen offers an excellent palliative treatment with minimal @entity137 for elderly pts with comorbidities or pts with poor PS. Sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline. [Table: see text].

title: Sequential therapy with @entity1206 followed by @entity136 in XXXX with metastatic @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), @entity13770 or elderly with comorbidities: A multicenter phase II trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7122 Background: Primary goals of therapy for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) are an increased survival time, palliation of symptoms, and prolonged @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ). This study was designed to explore if @entity1149 @entity1 (pts) with ECOG @entity13770 and age <= 65 years could benefit from systemic chemotherapy with acceptable @entity137 . METHODS: Fifty-nine eligible pts with stage IIIB (effusion) or stage IV NSCLC were registered on study. @entity1 received @entity1205 ( @entity1205  ) 35 mg/m(2) and @entity3003 AUC=2 on Days 1, 8, 15 every 28-day cycle (maximum 8 cycles). Endpoints were 1-year survival, @entity5 response, @entity1054 , and safety. RESULTS: Among the 59 eligible pts, 1 never received study drug, 58 pts were evaluable for safety, and 49 for response; 9 pts were non-evaluable due to: palliative XRT (1), withdrawal of consent (2), @entity137 (1 each; @entity1353 , weakness, @entity566 to study drug) and other illness (3). Responses were: 1 CR (2%), 5 PR (10%), 22 @entity168 (45%), and 21 @entity1726 (43%). The 1-year survival was 28%; median survival was 6.0 months (range, <1-24.3). The 1-year progression-free survival was 14% with a median @entity1054 of 3.7 months (range, <1-22.8) and median duration of response for CR+PR was 5.4 months (range, 2.3-9.7). @entity1 received a median of 3 cycles (range, 1-9); 14 pts (24%) had dose reductions, mainly due to @entity137 . The primary Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were @entity1398 and fatigue (10.2% each), @entity390 (8.5%), @entity2700 (6.8%), and @entity391 (5.1%). All 43 @entity204 were due to @entity1726 . @entity137 of this regimen are comparable to other chemotherapy regimens used in this population, thus it may be an alternative treatment choice for @entity1 with @entity1149 who are <= 65 years and @entity13770 . CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the relatively poor outcome of @entity13770 pts with @entity1149 . The overall benefit of chemotherapy doublets, compared to monotherapy, in this @entity1 population remains to be proven. Supported by Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II study of weekly XXXX and @entity3003 in stage IIIB (with effusion) or stage IV @entity1149 @entity1 age < 65 and performance status 2.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities', 'Toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['advanced non-small cell lung cancer', 'ANSCLC']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel', 'Taxotere']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['time to progression', 'TTP']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7122 Background: Primary goals of therapy for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) are an increased survival time, palliation of symptoms, and prolonged @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ). This study was designed to explore if @entity1149 @entity1 (pts) with ECOG @entity13770 and age <= 65 years could benefit from systemic chemotherapy with acceptable @entity137 . METHODS: Fifty-nine eligible pts with stage IIIB (effusion) or stage IV NSCLC were registered on study. @entity1 received @entity1205 ( @entity1205  ) 35 mg/m(2) and @entity3003 AUC=2 on Days 1, 8, 15 every 28-day cycle (maximum 8 cycles). Endpoints were 1-year survival, @entity5 response, @entity1054 , and safety. RESULTS: Among the 59 eligible pts, 1 never received study drug, 58 pts were evaluable for safety, and 49 for response; 9 pts were non-evaluable due to: palliative XRT (1), withdrawal of consent (2), @entity137 (1 each; @entity1353 , weakness, @entity566 to study drug) and other illness (3). Responses were: 1 CR (2%), 5 PR (10%), 22 @entity168 (45%), and 21 @entity1726 (43%). The 1-year survival was 28%; median survival was 6.0 months (range, <1-24.3). The 1-year progression-free survival was 14% with a median @entity1054 of 3.7 months (range, <1-22.8) and median duration of response for CR+PR was 5.4 months (range, 2.3-9.7). @entity1 received a median of 3 cycles (range, 1-9); 14 pts (24%) had dose reductions, mainly due to @entity137 . The primary Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were @entity1398 and fatigue (10.2% each), @entity390 (8.5%), @entity2700 (6.8%), and @entity391 (5.1%). All 43 @entity204 were due to @entity1726 . @entity137 of this regimen are comparable to other chemotherapy regimens used in this population, thus it may be an alternative treatment choice for @entity1 with @entity1149 who are <= 65 years and @entity13770 . CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the relatively poor outcome of @entity13770 pts with @entity1149 . The overall benefit of chemotherapy doublets, compared to monotherapy, in this @entity1 population remains to be proven. Supported by Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II study of weekly @entity1205 and @entity3003 in stage IIIB (with effusion) or stage IV XXXX @entity1 age < 65 and performance status 2.

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7122 Background: Primary goals of therapy for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) are an increased survival time, palliation of symptoms, and prolonged @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ). This study was designed to explore if @entity1149 @entity1 (pts) with ECOG @entity13770 and age <= 65 years could benefit from systemic chemotherapy with acceptable @entity137 . METHODS: Fifty-nine eligible pts with stage IIIB (effusion) or stage IV NSCLC were registered on study. @entity1 received @entity1205 ( @entity1205  ) 35 mg/m(2) and @entity3003 AUC=2 on Days 1, 8, 15 every 28-day cycle (maximum 8 cycles). Endpoints were 1-year survival, @entity5 response, @entity1054 , and safety. RESULTS: Among the 59 eligible pts, 1 never received study drug, 58 pts were evaluable for safety, and 49 for response; 9 pts were non-evaluable due to: palliative XRT (1), withdrawal of consent (2), @entity137 (1 each; @entity1353 , weakness, @entity566 to study drug) and other illness (3). Responses were: 1 CR (2%), 5 PR (10%), 22 @entity168 (45%), and 21 @entity1726 (43%). The 1-year survival was 28%; median survival was 6.0 months (range, <1-24.3). The 1-year progression-free survival was 14% with a median @entity1054 of 3.7 months (range, <1-22.8) and median duration of response for CR+PR was 5.4 months (range, 2.3-9.7). @entity1 received a median of 3 cycles (range, 1-9); 14 pts (24%) had dose reductions, mainly due to @entity137 . The primary Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were @entity1398 and fatigue (10.2% each), @entity390 (8.5%), @entity2700 (6.8%), and @entity391 (5.1%). All 43 @entity204 were due to @entity1726 . @entity137 of this regimen are comparable to other chemotherapy regimens used in this population, thus it may be an alternative treatment choice for @entity1 with @entity1149 who are <= 65 years and @entity13770 . CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the relatively poor outcome of @entity13770 pts with @entity1149 . The overall benefit of chemotherapy doublets, compared to monotherapy, in this @entity1 population remains to be proven. Supported by Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II study of weekly @entity1205 and XXXX in stage IIIB (with effusion) or stage IV @entity1149 @entity1 age < 65 and performance status 2.

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7122 Background: Primary goals of therapy for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) are an increased survival time, palliation of symptoms, and prolonged @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ). This study was designed to explore if @entity1149 @entity1 (pts) with ECOG @entity13770 and age <= 65 years could benefit from systemic chemotherapy with acceptable @entity137 . METHODS: Fifty-nine eligible pts with stage IIIB (effusion) or stage IV NSCLC were registered on study. @entity1 received @entity1205 ( @entity1205  ) 35 mg/m(2) and @entity3003 AUC=2 on Days 1, 8, 15 every 28-day cycle (maximum 8 cycles). Endpoints were 1-year survival, @entity5 response, @entity1054 , and safety. RESULTS: Among the 59 eligible pts, 1 never received study drug, 58 pts were evaluable for safety, and 49 for response; 9 pts were non-evaluable due to: palliative XRT (1), withdrawal of consent (2), @entity137 (1 each; @entity1353 , weakness, @entity566 to study drug) and other illness (3). Responses were: 1 CR (2%), 5 PR (10%), 22 @entity168 (45%), and 21 @entity1726 (43%). The 1-year survival was 28%; median survival was 6.0 months (range, <1-24.3). The 1-year progression-free survival was 14% with a median @entity1054 of 3.7 months (range, <1-22.8) and median duration of response for CR+PR was 5.4 months (range, 2.3-9.7). @entity1 received a median of 3 cycles (range, 1-9); 14 pts (24%) had dose reductions, mainly due to @entity137 . The primary Grade 3 or 4 @entity137 were @entity1398 and fatigue (10.2% each), @entity390 (8.5%), @entity2700 (6.8%), and @entity391 (5.1%). All 43 @entity204 were due to @entity1726 . @entity137 of this regimen are comparable to other chemotherapy regimens used in this population, thus it may be an alternative treatment choice for @entity1 with @entity1149 who are <= 65 years and @entity13770 . CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the relatively poor outcome of @entity13770 pts with @entity1149 . The overall benefit of chemotherapy doublets, compared to monotherapy, in this @entity1 population remains to be proven. Supported by Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II study of weekly @entity1205 and @entity3003 in stage IIIB (with effusion) or stage IV @entity1149 XXXX age < 65 and performance status 2.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To develop and independently validate prognostic imaging biomarkers for predicting survival in @entity1 with @entity463 on the basis of multiregion quantitative image analysis. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the local institutional review board, and informed consent was waived. A total of 79 @entity1 from two independent cohorts were included. The discovery and validation cohorts consisted of 46 and 33 @entity1 with @entity463 from the Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) and the local institution, respectively. Preoperative T1-weighted contrast material-enhanced and T2-weighted fluid-attenuation inversion recovery magnetic resonance (MR) images were analyzed. For each @entity1 , we semiautomatically delineated the @entity5 and performed automated intratumor segmentation, dividing the @entity5 into spatially distinct subregions that demonstrate coherent intensity patterns across multiparametric MR imaging. Within each subregion and for the entire @entity5 , we extracted quantitative imaging features, including those that fully capture the differential contrast of multimodality MR imaging. A multivariate sparse Cox regression model was trained by using TCIA data and tested on the validation cohort. Results The optimal prognostic model identified five imaging biomarkers that quantified @entity5 surface area and intensity distributions of the @entity5 and its subregions. In the validation cohort, our prognostic model achieved a concordance index of 0.67 and significant stratification of overall survival by using the log-rank test (P = .018), which outperformed conventional prognostic factors, such as age (concordance index, 0.57; P = .389) and @entity5 volume (concordance index, 0.59; P = .409). Conclusion The multiregion analysis presented here establishes a general strategy to effectively characterize intratumor heterogeneity manifested at multimodality imaging and has the potential to reveal useful prognostic imaging biomarkers in @entity463 . (  ) RSNA, 2015 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Prognostic Imaging Biomarkers in XXXX : Development and Independent Validation on the Basis of Multiregion and Quantitative Analysis of MR Images.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['Glioblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4120 Background: The @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) enzyme is overexpressed in 45-72% of @entity788 . Inhibition of the @entity3840 sensitises @entity1 @entity788 cells to the apoptotic effects of cytotoxic. @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion may improve response rate and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 . This phase II study was undertaken to determine the effects of adding @entity12698 to a regimen of @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion and @entity900 . METHODS: The primary endpoint was survival at 6 months in @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 treated with the @entity136 , @entity900 , and @entity12698 regimen. Previously untreated @entity1 with a performance status of 0-2 were eligible for this study. @entity1 received @entity136 1,000 mg/m(2) by fixed dose rate (10 mg/m(2)/min) I.V. infusion, and @entity900 35 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. @entity12698 was administered at a dose 400 mg twice-daily continuously starting day -7 until termination from study. RESULTS: A total of 22 @entity1 (median age 59 years; males 13%) were enrolled on the study. Median performance status was 1. The median number of cycles administered was 2 (range 0-11). Seventeen @entity1 were response evaluable. In intent to treat analysis, objective response and stable disease were seen in 9% (90% CI; 0.02-0.24) and 27%, respectively. Nine @entity1 were alive at 6-months. Median overall survival time was 5.7 months (90% CI; 3.7-7.5 months). No treatment related @entity204 were observed. The most commonly reported grade 3/4 @entity137 were @entity1398 (65%), @entity882 (55%), and @entity417 (35%). The majority of the @entity1 required dose reductions of @entity136 and @entity900 . CONCLUSION: @entity12698 can be safely administered in combination with @entity136 and @entity900 . The regimen of @entity136 by the fixed dose rate infusion and @entity900 was associated with significant myelosuppression. The addition of @entity12698 to a regimen utilizing @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion did not appear to have a significant impact on the 6-month survival rate and overall survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II study of @entity136 by fixed-dose rate infusion, XXXX , and @entity12698 in metastatic @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreas cancer', 'pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib', 'Celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4120 Background: The @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) enzyme is overexpressed in 45-72% of @entity788 . Inhibition of the @entity3840 sensitises @entity1 @entity788 cells to the apoptotic effects of cytotoxic. @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion may improve response rate and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 . This phase II study was undertaken to determine the effects of adding @entity12698 to a regimen of @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion and @entity900 . METHODS: The primary endpoint was survival at 6 months in @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 treated with the @entity136 , @entity900 , and @entity12698 regimen. Previously untreated @entity1 with a performance status of 0-2 were eligible for this study. @entity1 received @entity136 1,000 mg/m(2) by fixed dose rate (10 mg/m(2)/min) I.V. infusion, and @entity900 35 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. @entity12698 was administered at a dose 400 mg twice-daily continuously starting day -7 until termination from study. RESULTS: A total of 22 @entity1 (median age 59 years; males 13%) were enrolled on the study. Median performance status was 1. The median number of cycles administered was 2 (range 0-11). Seventeen @entity1 were response evaluable. In intent to treat analysis, objective response and stable disease were seen in 9% (90% CI; 0.02-0.24) and 27%, respectively. Nine @entity1 were alive at 6-months. Median overall survival time was 5.7 months (90% CI; 3.7-7.5 months). No treatment related @entity204 were observed. The most commonly reported grade 3/4 @entity137 were @entity1398 (65%), @entity882 (55%), and @entity417 (35%). The majority of the @entity1 required dose reductions of @entity136 and @entity900 . CONCLUSION: @entity12698 can be safely administered in combination with @entity136 and @entity900 . The regimen of @entity136 by the fixed dose rate infusion and @entity900 was associated with significant myelosuppression. The addition of @entity12698 to a regimen utilizing @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion did not appear to have a significant impact on the 6-month survival rate and overall survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II study of @entity136 by fixed-dose rate infusion, @entity900 , and XXXX in metastatic @entity788 .

answer: @entity12698 :: (MESH:C105934,Chemical) :: ['celecoxib']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4120 Background: The @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) enzyme is overexpressed in 45-72% of @entity788 . Inhibition of the @entity3840 sensitises @entity1 @entity788 cells to the apoptotic effects of cytotoxic. @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion may improve response rate and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 . This phase II study was undertaken to determine the effects of adding @entity12698 to a regimen of @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion and @entity900 . METHODS: The primary endpoint was survival at 6 months in @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 treated with the @entity136 , @entity900 , and @entity12698 regimen. Previously untreated @entity1 with a performance status of 0-2 were eligible for this study. @entity1 received @entity136 1,000 mg/m(2) by fixed dose rate (10 mg/m(2)/min) I.V. infusion, and @entity900 35 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. @entity12698 was administered at a dose 400 mg twice-daily continuously starting day -7 until termination from study. RESULTS: A total of 22 @entity1 (median age 59 years; males 13%) were enrolled on the study. Median performance status was 1. The median number of cycles administered was 2 (range 0-11). Seventeen @entity1 were response evaluable. In intent to treat analysis, objective response and stable disease were seen in 9% (90% CI; 0.02-0.24) and 27%, respectively. Nine @entity1 were alive at 6-months. Median overall survival time was 5.7 months (90% CI; 3.7-7.5 months). No treatment related @entity204 were observed. The most commonly reported grade 3/4 @entity137 were @entity1398 (65%), @entity882 (55%), and @entity417 (35%). The majority of the @entity1 required dose reductions of @entity136 and @entity900 . CONCLUSION: @entity12698 can be safely administered in combination with @entity136 and @entity900 . The regimen of @entity136 by the fixed dose rate infusion and @entity900 was associated with significant myelosuppression. The addition of @entity12698 to a regimen utilizing @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion did not appear to have a significant impact on the 6-month survival rate and overall survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II study of @entity136 by fixed-dose rate infusion, @entity900 , and @entity12698 in metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4120 Background: The @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) enzyme is overexpressed in 45-72% of @entity788 . Inhibition of the @entity3840 sensitises @entity1 @entity788 cells to the apoptotic effects of cytotoxic. @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion may improve response rate and survival in @entity1 with @entity788 . This phase II study was undertaken to determine the effects of adding @entity12698 to a regimen of @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion and @entity900 . METHODS: The primary endpoint was survival at 6 months in @entity1 with metastatic @entity788 treated with the @entity136 , @entity900 , and @entity12698 regimen. Previously untreated @entity1 with a performance status of 0-2 were eligible for this study. @entity1 received @entity136 1,000 mg/m(2) by fixed dose rate (10 mg/m(2)/min) I.V. infusion, and @entity900 35 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. @entity12698 was administered at a dose 400 mg twice-daily continuously starting day -7 until termination from study. RESULTS: A total of 22 @entity1 (median age 59 years; males 13%) were enrolled on the study. Median performance status was 1. The median number of cycles administered was 2 (range 0-11). Seventeen @entity1 were response evaluable. In intent to treat analysis, objective response and stable disease were seen in 9% (90% CI; 0.02-0.24) and 27%, respectively. Nine @entity1 were alive at 6-months. Median overall survival time was 5.7 months (90% CI; 3.7-7.5 months). No treatment related @entity204 were observed. The most commonly reported grade 3/4 @entity137 were @entity1398 (65%), @entity882 (55%), and @entity417 (35%). The majority of the @entity1 required dose reductions of @entity136 and @entity900 . CONCLUSION: @entity12698 can be safely administered in combination with @entity136 and @entity900 . The regimen of @entity136 by the fixed dose rate infusion and @entity900 was associated with significant myelosuppression. The addition of @entity12698 to a regimen utilizing @entity136 by fixed dose rate infusion did not appear to have a significant impact on the 6-month survival rate and overall survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II study of XXXX by fixed-dose rate infusion, @entity900 , and @entity12698 in metastatic @entity788 .

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8508 Background: Long-term outcomes of @entity1 with @entity981 treated on cooperative group trials need to be defined. METHODS: We assessed late mortality [death occurring 5+ years (yrs) after diagnosis (dx)] in a retrospective cohort of 8,444 @entity1 (pts), with @entity981 , treated on @entity1 's Oncology Group (COG) therapeutic protocols between 1979 and 1990. Vital status was determined using medical records, National Death Index, and Social Security Death Index. Age- and sex-standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated using US population mortality data. RESULTS: A total of 6,424 pts (56% males, 80% Caucasians) survived 5+ yrs. Median age at dx was 4.6 yrs, and 15.6 yrs at follow-up. 549 @entity204 occurred 5+ yrs from dx with @entity66 , @entity281 and @entity548 accounting for 65%. Multivariate analysis revealed risk of relapse-related mortality to be lower in females (Relative Risk (RR)=0.8, p=0.03), dx at age 1 to 10 yrs (RR=0.5, p=0.02) and dx after 1985 (RR=0.6, p=0.01). Non-relapse-related mortality was lower among females (RR=0.7, p=0.02). The cohort was at a 7.5-fold increased risk of late death when compared with the general population (Table). Overall survival at 20 years was 91%, 99%, and 99.4% for 5+, 10+ and 15+ yr survivors, respectively. Therapeutic summaries were available for a subcohort of 2,929 5-yr survivors treated between 1983-1989. The overall survival was 91.5% at 15 yrs, and the subcohort was at a 7.8-fold risk of late death. @entity8253 (>200 mg/m(2): RR=0.6, p=0.07) and @entity786 (>2000 mg/m(2): RR=0.7, p=0.06) offered protection against 5+ yr relapse-related mortality. @entity8253 did not increase the risk of @entity204 due to cardiac causes. CONCLUSIONS: At 15 yrs from dx, risk of late death is no longer elevated among @entity981 survivors. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Late mortality after childhood @entity981 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['childhood ALL', 'ALL']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['Anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['ALL']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8508 Background: Long-term outcomes of @entity1 with @entity981 treated on cooperative group trials need to be defined. METHODS: We assessed late mortality [death occurring 5+ years (yrs) after diagnosis (dx)] in a retrospective cohort of 8,444 @entity1 (pts), with @entity981 , treated on @entity1 's Oncology Group (COG) therapeutic protocols between 1979 and 1990. Vital status was determined using medical records, National Death Index, and Social Security Death Index. Age- and sex-standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated using US population mortality data. RESULTS: A total of 6,424 pts (56% males, 80% Caucasians) survived 5+ yrs. Median age at dx was 4.6 yrs, and 15.6 yrs at follow-up. 549 @entity204 occurred 5+ yrs from dx with @entity66 , @entity281 and @entity548 accounting for 65%. Multivariate analysis revealed risk of relapse-related mortality to be lower in females (Relative Risk (RR)=0.8, p=0.03), dx at age 1 to 10 yrs (RR=0.5, p=0.02) and dx after 1985 (RR=0.6, p=0.01). Non-relapse-related mortality was lower among females (RR=0.7, p=0.02). The cohort was at a 7.5-fold increased risk of late death when compared with the general population (Table). Overall survival at 20 years was 91%, 99%, and 99.4% for 5+, 10+ and 15+ yr survivors, respectively. Therapeutic summaries were available for a subcohort of 2,929 5-yr survivors treated between 1983-1989. The overall survival was 91.5% at 15 yrs, and the subcohort was at a 7.8-fold risk of late death. @entity8253 (>200 mg/m(2): RR=0.6, p=0.07) and @entity786 (>2000 mg/m(2): RR=0.7, p=0.06) offered protection against 5+ yr relapse-related mortality. @entity8253 did not increase the risk of @entity204 due to cardiac causes. CONCLUSIONS: At 15 yrs from dx, risk of late death is no longer elevated among @entity981 survivors. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Late mortality after childhood XXXX ( @entity981 ).

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4135 Background: Both surgical resection and local ablation therapy such as PEI have been widely used for @entity1 (pts) with small @entity157 . Each treatment is selected mainly according to the technical feasibility of treatment because retrospective data suggest that the two treatments are comparable in terms of survival. To assess longitudinal changes in treatment strategy for small @entity157 , two retrospective comparative studies were conducted in the 4 major center hospitals where pretreatment conferences are well organized by surgeons and nonsurgical specialists for PEI. METHODS: Clinical information on the @entity1 characteristics was compared between @entity1 with newly diagnosed small @entity157 (smaller than 3 cm and 3 or less in number) in 1990-1994 and 1998-1999 who underwent surgery or PEI before introduction of radiofrequency ablation therapy in each hospital. Long-term results with reference to their survival significance were also analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 97 pts in 1990-1994, 58 (60%) underwent surgery and 39 (40%) were treated with PEI. In the 151 pts in 1998-1999, 95 (63%) were surgically treated and 56 (37%) received PEI. No significant differences in @entity1 characteristics between the 1990-1994 pts and the 1998-1999 pts were observed except for a better @entity648 level in the 1998-1999 pts. In the surgical pts, the 1998-1999 pts included more pts with solitary @entity5 and showed better hepatic reserve according to the ICG test, and better albumin and @entity648 levels compared to the 1990-1994 pts. In the PEI pts, the 1998-1999 pts were older and included more pts with @entity82 than the 1990-1994 pts. Although the overall survival rates were identical between the 1990-1994 pts and the 1998-1999 pts, the 1998-1999 surgical pts survived significantly longer (p=0.03), and the PEI pts tended to survive shorter (p=0.09) compared to the 1990-1994 pts. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that either surgery or PEI is being selected according to risk of surgical morbidity is being promoted, resulting in longitudinal changes in outcome of pts treated with each approach. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Longitudinal comparisons of results in surgical resection and percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEI): Change in treatment strategy for @entity157 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['HCC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4135 Background: Both surgical resection and local ablation therapy such as PEI have been widely used for @entity1 (pts) with small @entity157 . Each treatment is selected mainly according to the technical feasibility of treatment because retrospective data suggest that the two treatments are comparable in terms of survival. To assess longitudinal changes in treatment strategy for small @entity157 , two retrospective comparative studies were conducted in the 4 major center hospitals where pretreatment conferences are well organized by surgeons and nonsurgical specialists for PEI. METHODS: Clinical information on the @entity1 characteristics was compared between @entity1 with newly diagnosed small @entity157 (smaller than 3 cm and 3 or less in number) in 1990-1994 and 1998-1999 who underwent surgery or PEI before introduction of radiofrequency ablation therapy in each hospital. Long-term results with reference to their survival significance were also analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 97 pts in 1990-1994, 58 (60%) underwent surgery and 39 (40%) were treated with PEI. In the 151 pts in 1998-1999, 95 (63%) were surgically treated and 56 (37%) received PEI. No significant differences in @entity1 characteristics between the 1990-1994 pts and the 1998-1999 pts were observed except for a better @entity648 level in the 1998-1999 pts. In the surgical pts, the 1998-1999 pts included more pts with solitary @entity5 and showed better hepatic reserve according to the ICG test, and better albumin and @entity648 levels compared to the 1990-1994 pts. In the PEI pts, the 1998-1999 pts were older and included more pts with @entity82 than the 1990-1994 pts. Although the overall survival rates were identical between the 1990-1994 pts and the 1998-1999 pts, the 1998-1999 surgical pts survived significantly longer (p=0.03), and the PEI pts tended to survive shorter (p=0.09) compared to the 1990-1994 pts. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that either surgery or PEI is being selected according to risk of surgical morbidity is being promoted, resulting in longitudinal changes in outcome of pts treated with each approach. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Longitudinal comparisons of results in surgical resection and percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEI): Change in treatment strategy for XXXX ( @entity157 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['small hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: @entity4310 is caused by @entity74 in the cellular metabolism of @entity165 (C) and is characterized by high levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and premature @entity731 . The C is carried in the plasma mainly as an LDL-C complex, and removal of the latter from plasma is highly desirable. This task can be achieved by selective haemoperfusion (HP), thereby eliminating the need for plasmapheresis. Agarose beads (2 per cent agarose, 0.85 to 1.4 mm in diameter) were prepared, and crosslinked with @entity20031 . Heparin and/or @entity8398 were subsequently attached. The beads thus obtained were found to be suitable for the removal of LDL-C from the whole blood of hypercholesterolaemic @entity95 , using a simple HP technique. A single two-hour HP treatment with a 40 ml column packed with active agarose beads resulted in a 30 per cent decrease in the C plasma level in the experimental animals. Our previous, in vitro, studies with the plasma of hypercholesterolaemic @entity1 showed a high selectivity of the beads for LDL. Yet when used with hypercholesterolaemic @entity95 , a relatively high amount of HDL was also removed from the blood. This can be attributed to a significant difference between the structure of @entity1 @entity2101 and that of @entity95 . Upon treatment of blood using the active agarose beads, no @entity1503 were detected, except for some prolongation of PT. It is to be hoped that this new system will replace the presently used and highly expensive plasmapheresis.

title: XXXX removal by haemoperfusion of whole blood in vivo.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8398 :: ('MESH:D019856', 'Chemical') :: ['ethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity20031 :: ('MESH:D004811', 'Chemical') :: ['epichlorohydrin']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities in plasma and blood composition']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic defects']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolaemic lipoproteins']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['Familial hypercholesterolaemia']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['Cholesterol']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine differences in tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance between @entity1 with a history of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and an uninjured control group. METHODS: MRI studies of 60 @entity1 (age range, 14 to 25 years) with @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) knees were compared with 60 intact-ACL controls. All @entity1 underwent MRI after a noncontact @entity2587 . TT-TG distances were measured on proton density-weighted axial images. Independent t-tests were used to determine differences in TT-TG distance between the @entity1347 and control groups. RESULTS: The mean TT-TG distance in the @entity1347 group was 12.07 mm (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.11 to  13.02), compared with 10.44 mm (95% CI, 9.64 to 11.24) in the control group. The mean TT-TG distance in the male @entity1347 group was 12.95 mm (95% CI, 11.39 to 14.51), compared with 10.87 mm (95% CI, 9.52 to 12.21) in the male control group. The mean TT-TG distance in the female @entity1347 group was 11.48 mm (95% CI, 10.24 to 12.71), compared with 10.04 mm (95% CI, 9.06 to 11.02) in the female control group. There were statistically significant differences in TT-TG distance between the @entity1347 and control groups (P  = .011) and between the male @entity1347 and control groups (P  =  .041). CONCLUSIONS: In adolescents and young adults, the TT-TG distance was statistically larger in knees with noncontact ACL tears than in intact-ACL control knees. When the groups were stratified on the basis of sex, only the male @entity1 showed a statistical difference, with a 2.08 mm increase in TT-TG distance between the @entity1347 and intact-ACL @entity1 . No difference in TT-TG distance was found between the @entity1347 and control groups for female @entity1 . Despite the findings of this study, the clinical significance of an increased TT-TG distance as an isolated risk factor for noncontact @entity130 remains unanswered. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, case-control study.

title: The Relationship Between Tibial Tubercle-Trochlear Groove Distance and Noncontact Anterior Cruciate XXXX in Adolescents and Young Adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['ACLD', 'ACL-deficient']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ACL injury']

entities_list: @entity2587 :: ('MESH:D001265', 'Disease') :: ['sports injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Ligament Injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about the metastatic potential of low-grade @entity511 . This study was designed to evaluate the rate of @entity3 to identify possible risk factors. METHODS: The files of 225 @entity1 with newly diagnosed, grade I @entity79 treated between 1975 and 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Median follow-up was 80  months for survivors (range 24-445  months). Nonparametric analyses were performed with the Mann-Whitney U test. Survival curves were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity1 developed @entity3 after a median of 49  months. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was 95  % at 5  years and 92  % at 10  years. Post- @entity3 survival probability amounted to 27  % after 5  years. @entity5 size at diagnosis (P  =  0.698) and surgical margin width (P  =  0.514) had no influence on @entity3 . @entity1 who developed local recurrences had a significantly lower 10-year @entity3 than @entity1 without recurrences (69  % vs. 99  %, P  <  0.001). @entity1 with grade I recurrences had a significantly poorer @entity3 than @entity1 without recurrences (P  =  0.013) but a significantly higher @entity3 than @entity1 with grade II recurrences (P  =  0.006). @entity1 with @entity5 had a significantly lower 10-year @entity3 of 66  % compared with @entity1 with @entity5 of the upper (100  %, P  <  0.001) and lower extremity (93  %, P  =  0.033). CONCLUSIONS: The biological behavior of low-grade @entity511 appears to be more consistent with the WHO definition of rarely metastasizing @entity3478 , rather than the one of locally aggressive @entity5 . @entity5 and the development of local recurrences were associated with a higher @entity3 rate in this study.

title: Metastatic Potential of Grade I XXXX : Results of a Multi-institutional Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic wall tumors', 'thoracic wall tumors', 'Tumor', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma of bone']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases', 'MFS', 'Metastasis-free survival probability']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['Chondrosarcoma of Bone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of ultrasound-guided charcoal tattooing in locating metastatic lymph nodes in robotic selective neck dissection (SND) for @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ). METHODS: The overall study group comprised 21 @entity1 with @entity3557 who underwent robotic SND via a unilateral transaxillary approach for treatment of suspicious lymph node @entity3 in the lateral compartment. Charcoal suspension was injected into 10 of the @entity1 (total of 23 lesions) 1 day before robotic SND. The authors evaluated the location of the tattoos, the success rate of localization, the intraoperative detection rate, and the complications associated with the procedure. The perioperative results were compared with those in the control group of 11 @entity1 who did not receive charcoal tattooing. RESULTS: Charcoal suspension was successfully injected into 22 of the 23 suspicious lymph nodes (95.7 %). The remaining lesion was located posterior to the internal jugular vein. Therefore, the @entity36592 was injected into the soft tissue around the lymph node. Ultrasound-guided injections were well tolerated in all the @entity1 , and no major complications occurred. All the charcoal-tattooed lesions were identified intraoperatively by the surgeon. The number of harvested and metastatic lymph nodes in the lateral compartment was greater in the @entity1 with charcoal tattoo localization than in the control group. The two groups did not differ in terms of perioperative complications, operation time, or volume of drainage. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound-guided charcoal tattooing for localization of metastatic lymph nodes is feasible and effective in robotic SND for the treatment of @entity3557 with lateral compartment lymph node @entity3 .

title: Feasibility of Charcoal Tattooing for Localization of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Robotic Selective Neck Dissection for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ) remains the most common cause of poor visual outcome following @entity231 surgery. Whereas acute @entity1103 may resolve itself spontaneously, some @entity1 will suffer from @entity227 and will be difficult to treat. Although @entity1103 has already been described approximately 50 years ago, its pathophysiology remains uncertain and a multitude of mechanisms have been suggested. As broad as the mechanisms, as many are the treatment options. Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) and @entity288 either as mono- or combined therapy are a commonly used first line approach. When ineffective, systemic treatment with these agents may be an option. Alternatively, intravitreal application of corticosteroids and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti- @entity7 ) may offer an effective option, if first-line treatment fails. A critical evaluation of the current literature revealed that the optimal treatment of @entity1103 remains unclear and requires further investigation. In addition, prevention should be of foremost importance and remains an open issue. Identification of risk factors, application of NSAIDs and consequent follow-up are potential essential steps in the avoidance of this complication.

title: Controversies in NSAIDs use in XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['vision impairment']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['PCME', 'Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) shows a propensity for extending into the tributaries of the renal veins, which poses a notable surgical challenge. In this study we addressed the question as to whether @entity1 with @entity1358 and vein involvement can be identified as having a significant risk of immediate @entity204 associated with surgery preoperatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 118 @entity1 with @entity1358 and vein involvement from February 1999 until November 2012 were evaluated. The association of early mortality within 60  days after the intervention was tested with various covariates including: age, body mass index (BMI), preoperative serum @entity1851 , preoperative serum @entity1011 , preoperative hemoglobin level, @entity5 diameter, suspicion of @entity3 on prior computed tomography, documented @entity299 , extent of vein invasion, prior @entity583 , @entity2802 stage, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, New York Heart Association classification and Karnofsky index. A multiple logistic regression model was used to test all risk factors including the combination of an elevated BMI with an impaired Karnofsky index with all covariates. RESULTS: A total of 17 @entity1 died within 60  days after the operation with most @entity1 dying from @entity887 during the first two quartiles of the observation, while later deaths were mostly attributable to sequelae of surgical complications. None of the tested risk factors were significantly associated with early mortality in the logistic regression model. The presence of an elevated BMI (>= 30  kg/m(2)) in combination with a Karnofsky index  <=70% predicted @entity204 in univariate (p  =  0.006) and multivariate analysis (p  =  0.023). @entity204 rates for @entity1 with BMI  <30  kg/m(2) and Karnofsky index  >70%, BMI  >=   30  kg/m(2) or Karnofsky index   <=70%, BMI  >= 30  kg/m(2) and Karnofsky index   <=70% were 5%, 14.8% and 37.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The risk of @entity204 is dramatically elevated to more than one-third of cases with elevated BMI and unfavorable Karnofsky index in @entity1 with @entity1358 and vein involvement. @entity1 need to be counseled in this regard especially when planning cytoreductive treatment without curative intent.

title: Prediction of Perioperative @entity204 Following Surgery for XXXX with Vein Involvement: A Retrospective Study.

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['Advanced renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['cardio-embolic complications']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Death', 'early death', 'death']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Renal Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) shows a propensity for extending into the tributaries of the renal veins, which poses a notable surgical challenge. In this study we addressed the question as to whether @entity1 with @entity1358 and vein involvement can be identified as having a significant risk of immediate @entity204 associated with surgery preoperatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 118 @entity1 with @entity1358 and vein involvement from February 1999 until November 2012 were evaluated. The association of early mortality within 60  days after the intervention was tested with various covariates including: age, body mass index (BMI), preoperative serum @entity1851 , preoperative serum @entity1011 , preoperative hemoglobin level, @entity5 diameter, suspicion of @entity3 on prior computed tomography, documented @entity299 , extent of vein invasion, prior @entity583 , @entity2802 stage, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, New York Heart Association classification and Karnofsky index. A multiple logistic regression model was used to test all risk factors including the combination of an elevated BMI with an impaired Karnofsky index with all covariates. RESULTS: A total of 17 @entity1 died within 60  days after the operation with most @entity1 dying from @entity887 during the first two quartiles of the observation, while later deaths were mostly attributable to sequelae of surgical complications. None of the tested risk factors were significantly associated with early mortality in the logistic regression model. The presence of an elevated BMI (>= 30  kg/m(2)) in combination with a Karnofsky index  <=70% predicted @entity204 in univariate (p  =  0.006) and multivariate analysis (p  =  0.023). @entity204 rates for @entity1 with BMI  <30  kg/m(2) and Karnofsky index  >70%, BMI  >=   30  kg/m(2) or Karnofsky index   <=70%, BMI  >= 30  kg/m(2) and Karnofsky index   <=70% were 5%, 14.8% and 37.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The risk of @entity204 is dramatically elevated to more than one-third of cases with elevated BMI and unfavorable Karnofsky index in @entity1 with @entity1358 and vein involvement. @entity1 need to be counseled in this regard especially when planning cytoreductive treatment without curative intent.

title: Prediction of Perioperative XXXX Following Surgery for @entity1358 with Vein Involvement: A Retrospective Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['Death']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Our study aimed at the investigation of in vivo anticancer effect of the combination use of @entity619 ( @entity9170 ) and @entity136 ( @entity38383 ) as well as the development of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/ @entity1726 ) models in MCF-7 xenograft model. Further, simulations were conducted to optimize doses and administration schedules. The inhibitory effect of different doses and administration schedules were investigated in MCF-7 xenograft model. Semi-mechanism-based PK/ @entity1726 models were established based on the preclinical data to characterize the relationship between plasma concentration and the time course of the drug response quantitatively. The PK/ @entity1726 models were further applied to predict and optimize doses and administration schedules, which would lead to @entity5 stasis by the end of the treatment. Synergistic effect was observed in the @entity1726 study in vivo and further confirmed by the estimated combination index    obtained from PK/ @entity1726 models. The optimum dose regimen was selected as @entity9170 2 mg/kg, qd and @entity38383 10 mg/kg, q2d based on the simulation results. In summary, the @entity1726 interaction between @entity9170 and @entity38383 was demonstrated as synergism by both experimental results and modeling approach. Dosage regimens were optimized as predicted by modeling and simulations, which would provide reference for preclinical study and translational research as well.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 104:4399-4408, 2015.

title: Semi-Mechanism-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model for the Combination Use of XXXX and @entity136 in Breast Cancer.

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['Dexamethasone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Our study aimed at the investigation of in vivo anticancer effect of the combination use of @entity619 ( @entity9170 ) and @entity136 ( @entity38383 ) as well as the development of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/ @entity1726 ) models in MCF-7 xenograft model. Further, simulations were conducted to optimize doses and administration schedules. The inhibitory effect of different doses and administration schedules were investigated in MCF-7 xenograft model. Semi-mechanism-based PK/ @entity1726 models were established based on the preclinical data to characterize the relationship between plasma concentration and the time course of the drug response quantitatively. The PK/ @entity1726 models were further applied to predict and optimize doses and administration schedules, which would lead to @entity5 stasis by the end of the treatment. Synergistic effect was observed in the @entity1726 study in vivo and further confirmed by the estimated combination index    obtained from PK/ @entity1726 models. The optimum dose regimen was selected as @entity9170 2 mg/kg, qd and @entity38383 10 mg/kg, q2d based on the simulation results. In summary, the @entity1726 interaction between @entity9170 and @entity38383 was demonstrated as synergism by both experimental results and modeling approach. Dosage regimens were optimized as predicted by modeling and simulations, which would provide reference for preclinical study and translational research as well.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 104:4399-4408, 2015.

title: Semi-Mechanism-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model for the Combination Use of @entity619 and XXXX in Breast Cancer.

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['Gemcitabine']


abstract: In an approach to understanding the origin of @entity3256 resistance in clinical isolates of staphylococci, a series of @entity794 mutants resistant to various @entity3405 antibiotics were isolated in the laboratory by antibiotic selection. Mutants with low- and intermediate-level resistance showed considerable specificity for the particular antibiotic used in the selection process ( @entity3256 , @entity3524 , @entity7265 , and @entity11215 ), and resistance in such mutants also showed alterations in the antibiotic binding capacities of @entity114 -binding proteins (PBPs). In each case the isolation of mutants resistant to high concentrations of antibiotics required sequential passage in gradually increasing concentrations of the drug. The acquisition of increasing levels of @entity3256 resistance was paralleled by a gradual decrease in the binding capacities of PBPs 2, 3, and, possibly, 1. In a highly @entity3256 -resistant mutant (MIC, 150 micrograms/ml), PBPs 2 and 3 were no longer detectable by the @entity114 binding assay. Instead, a new PBP of poor binding capacity and anomalous molecular size (about 78 kilodaltons [kDa]) appeared in these cells. This corresponds to the molecular size of PBP 2a, the unique PBP that appears to be the biochemical correlate of resistance in clinical isolates of @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 . Also, similar to the case of resistant clinical isolates, high-level @entity3405 resistance was highly pH dependent in the laboratory mutants. We compared the patterns of radioactive peptides generated by partial proteolysis from the @entity114 -labeled PBP 2 of antibiotic-susceptible staphylococci and from the 78-kDa PBP 2a of a resistant clinical strain. Although the patterns were clearly different, seven of the eight characteristic peptides generated from PBP 2 of the susceptible strain were also detectable among the peptides released from PBP 2a. The results suggest that the 78-kDa PBP 2a of the resistant clinical strain evolved from PBP 2 of antibiotic-susceptible staphylococci and that in PBP 2a of the clinical isolate mutational changes have resulted in extensive alterations near the @entity3405 binding site.

title: @entity3405 -specific resistant mutants of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity11215 :: ('MESH:D000560', 'Chemical') :: ['amdinocillin']

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity7265 :: ('MESH:D002506', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalexin']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: In an approach to understanding the origin of @entity3256 resistance in clinical isolates of staphylococci, a series of @entity794 mutants resistant to various @entity3405 antibiotics were isolated in the laboratory by antibiotic selection. Mutants with low- and intermediate-level resistance showed considerable specificity for the particular antibiotic used in the selection process ( @entity3256 , @entity3524 , @entity7265 , and @entity11215 ), and resistance in such mutants also showed alterations in the antibiotic binding capacities of @entity114 -binding proteins (PBPs). In each case the isolation of mutants resistant to high concentrations of antibiotics required sequential passage in gradually increasing concentrations of the drug. The acquisition of increasing levels of @entity3256 resistance was paralleled by a gradual decrease in the binding capacities of PBPs 2, 3, and, possibly, 1. In a highly @entity3256 -resistant mutant (MIC, 150 micrograms/ml), PBPs 2 and 3 were no longer detectable by the @entity114 binding assay. Instead, a new PBP of poor binding capacity and anomalous molecular size (about 78 kilodaltons [kDa]) appeared in these cells. This corresponds to the molecular size of PBP 2a, the unique PBP that appears to be the biochemical correlate of resistance in clinical isolates of @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 . Also, similar to the case of resistant clinical isolates, high-level @entity3405 resistance was highly pH dependent in the laboratory mutants. We compared the patterns of radioactive peptides generated by partial proteolysis from the @entity114 -labeled PBP 2 of antibiotic-susceptible staphylococci and from the 78-kDa PBP 2a of a resistant clinical strain. Although the patterns were clearly different, seven of the eight characteristic peptides generated from PBP 2 of the susceptible strain were also detectable among the peptides released from PBP 2a. The results suggest that the 78-kDa PBP 2a of the resistant clinical strain evolved from PBP 2 of antibiotic-susceptible staphylococci and that in PBP 2a of the clinical isolate mutational changes have resulted in extensive alterations near the @entity3405 binding site.

title: XXXX -specific resistant mutants of @entity794 .

answer: @entity3405 :: (CHEBI:35627,Chemical) :: ['Beta-lactam']


abstract: Analysis of biopsy specimen obtained at autopsies performed in hospitals for @entity1 from 1981 to 1984 are presented, as well as the results of goal-directed studies of some @entity166 . It is noted that at adequate morphological and laboratory examinations the frequency of the diagnosed @entity166 is rather high revealing mainly combined @entity281 . The frequency of acute @entity1729 is especially high, as it is found in 3/4 of the nonsurvivors. There are viral, bacterial, Mycoplasma-induced and other diseases among them. The data on frequency and specific morphological features of different etiologic groups of infection, as well as separate diseases are given. Acute @entity281 were less frequently diagnosed (in 9.8% of cases), @entity2623 being predominant and appearing as a complication of different severe @entity66 . @entity295 occurred rather frequently, though its rate was gradually decreasing (from 11.1% to 5.3%). Infections with predominant intracanal generalization were rare. Meningococcemia, developing, as a rule, in the presence of generalized @entity1800 , occurred in 2.2% of cases. @entity693 and @entity5422 , more often bacterial ones, complicating @entity600 , were found in 4.5% of cases. Intrauterine @entity281 , in particular caused by Mycoplasmas and viruses (cytomegalic, herpetic and respiratory ones) were very often diagnosed. They were associated with the same type of placental damage. Chlamydiosis, evidently frequent, was almost unidentified. Bacterial intrauterine @entity281 including listeriosis were rare.

title: [Current aspects of infectious pathology in XXXX and fetuses].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['somatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity5422 :: ('MESH:D008590', 'Disease') :: ['meningoencephalitis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['Meningitis']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal infections', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity2623 :: ('MESH:C531629', 'Disease') :: ['coli-infection']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infections']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: Flowcytometer has been flourishing since the passed decade in our nation. Many general hospitals use it for routine tests. One of the main usage is immunophenotyping for @entity1583 . Flowcytometric immunophenotyping (FCM-IM) facilitates accurate diagnosis in both @entity1778 and @entity706 ( @entity706 ). It becomes an indispensable criteria in the diagnosis of @entity1583 . It may also offer additional therapeutically relevant information. Typical patterns of immunophenotype in @entity1778 and certain types of @entity706 are illustrated in figure 1 and figure 2. But variation or overlapping appears often. In order to reach a definitive diagnosis and to have a common interpretation between laboratory to laboratory the following items need not to be ignored: 1. Direct staining and multi-color or multi-parameter flow cytometric analysis is necessary. 2. The phenotype of abnormal cells should be determined on as pure a population as possible therefore @entity1195 /SSC gating is critical for isolating the blast population (abnormal cells). @entity1195 /SSC gating is much better than FSC/SSC gating especially when percentage of blast is low in the sample. Else, each @entity1778 has its special @entity1195 /SSC pattern. 3. The phenotype of this certain population should be described clearly but it is not necessary to count the percentage of each marker. 4. > 20% for positive threshold used in indirect staining method may be confused in multi-color direct staining method. 5. @entity8625 diagnosed by FCM only should be in caution since the divergence of antigen/antibody, the lineage infidelity of antigen expression and the biological characteristics of the leukemic cells. Flowcytometer is not a cell counter. "It provides a pattern of information that must be interpreted by a knowledgeable professional in the context of the clinical situation".

title: [Flowcytometric-immunophenotyping for XXXX needs to be standardized].

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['LPDs', 'lymphoid proliferative disorders']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['subtype of leukemia', 'leukemias']

entities_list: @entity8625 :: ('MESH:D015456', 'Disease') :: ['Hybrid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematological malignancies']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Internet is increasingly used for the recruitment of sex partners, potentially leading to increased risks for @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ). Less is known about the use of the Internet as a resource for STI education and prevention. GOAL: To evaluate the use of the Internet for sex-seeking and STI information purposes by clients of a large STI clinic. STUDY DESIGN: A 10-item survey was conducted among clients of the Denver Metro Health (STI) Clinic who visited the clinic for a new problem between September 2000 and May 2001. RESULTS: Among 4,741 clients surveyed, 2,159 (45.5%) had Internet access. Of these, 138 (6.4%) reported to have gone on-line with the specific purpose of finding a sex partner and 146 (6.8%) reported having sex with a partner they found over the Internet. Internet sex-seeking was more common among @entity1 who have sex with @entity1 (MSM; 77/269, or 28.6%) than among @entity1 who have sex with @entity1 (MSW; 52/1,176, or 4.4%; P < 0.0001) and higher among MSW than among @entity1 (9/714, or 1.3%; P < 0.001). The Internet was accessed by 604 @entity1 (28.0%) to find information on @entity2953 . Of these, 65.1% did so for general STI information, 36.3% for information on @entity645 , 25.7% for @entity12881 , 22.4% for information on chlamydia, 21.7% for information on HPV, 19.9% for information on @entity2954 , 16.1% for information on syphilis, and 9.3% for other information. Of @entity1 seeking sex, 54.4% accessed the Internet for STI information, compared to 26.2% of @entity1 not seeking sex (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Among STI clinic clients in Denver, nearly half have access to the Internet. Sex-seeking appears to be most prevalent among MSM. Internet use for STI information is common among those with Internet access and even more widespread among those who access the Internet to seek sex. Research is needed to develop and evaluate Internet-based STI-prevention interventions.

title: Risks and benefits of the internet for populations at risk for @entity2953 ( XXXX ): results of an STI clinic survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2954 :: ('MESH:D006069', 'Disease') :: ['gonorrhea']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted infections', 'STIs']

entities_list: @entity12881 :: ('MESH:D006558', 'Disease') :: ['information on genital herpes']

answer: @entity2953 :: (MESH:D012749,Disease) :: ['STIs']