abstract: BACKGROUND: Whether the incidence of @entity1277 in Western, industrialized countries has changed over time has been the subject of much debate. The purpose of this primary-care study was to examine changes in the incidence of @entity1277 in The Netherlands during the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. METHOD: A nationwide network of general practitioners (GPs), serving a representative sample (~1%) of the total Dutch population, recorded newly diagnosed @entity1 with @entity1278 ( @entity1279 ) in their practice during 1985-1989, 1995-1999, and 2005-2009. GPs are key players in the Dutch healthcare system, as their written referral is mandatory in order to get access to specialized (mental) healthcare, covered by health insurance. Health insurance is virtually universal in The Netherlands (99% of the population). A substantial number of GPs participated in all three study periods, during which the same case identification criteria were used and the same psychiatrist was responsible for making the final diagnoses. Incidence rates were calculated and for comparison between periods, incidence rate ratios. RESULTS: The overall incidence rate of @entity1279 decreased significantly in the past three decades (from 8.6 per 100 000 @entity1 -years in 1985-1989 to 6.1 in 1995-1999, and 3.2 in 2005-2009). The overall incidence of @entity1278 remained fairly stable during three decades, i.e. 7.4 per 1 00 000 @entity1 -years in 1985-1989, 7.8 in 1995-1999, and 6.0 in 2005-2009. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of @entity1279 decreased significantly over the past three decades, while the overall incidence rate of @entity1278 remained stable.

title: Three decades of XXXX in Dutch primary care: decreasing incidence of @entity1279 but not of @entity1278 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa', 'AN']

answer: @entity1277 :: (MESH:D001068,Disease) :: ['eating disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Whether the incidence of @entity1277 in Western, industrialized countries has changed over time has been the subject of much debate. The purpose of this primary-care study was to examine changes in the incidence of @entity1277 in The Netherlands during the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. METHOD: A nationwide network of general practitioners (GPs), serving a representative sample (~1%) of the total Dutch population, recorded newly diagnosed @entity1 with @entity1278 ( @entity1279 ) in their practice during 1985-1989, 1995-1999, and 2005-2009. GPs are key players in the Dutch healthcare system, as their written referral is mandatory in order to get access to specialized (mental) healthcare, covered by health insurance. Health insurance is virtually universal in The Netherlands (99% of the population). A substantial number of GPs participated in all three study periods, during which the same case identification criteria were used and the same psychiatrist was responsible for making the final diagnoses. Incidence rates were calculated and for comparison between periods, incidence rate ratios. RESULTS: The overall incidence rate of @entity1279 decreased significantly in the past three decades (from 8.6 per 100 000 @entity1 -years in 1985-1989 to 6.1 in 1995-1999, and 3.2 in 2005-2009). The overall incidence of @entity1278 remained fairly stable during three decades, i.e. 7.4 per 1 00 000 @entity1 -years in 1985-1989, 7.8 in 1995-1999, and 6.0 in 2005-2009. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of @entity1279 decreased significantly over the past three decades, while the overall incidence rate of @entity1278 remained stable.

title: Three decades of @entity1277 in Dutch primary care: decreasing incidence of @entity1279 but not of XXXX .

answer: @entity1278 :: (MESH:D000856,Disease) :: ['anorexia nervosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Whether the incidence of @entity1277 in Western, industrialized countries has changed over time has been the subject of much debate. The purpose of this primary-care study was to examine changes in the incidence of @entity1277 in The Netherlands during the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. METHOD: A nationwide network of general practitioners (GPs), serving a representative sample (~1%) of the total Dutch population, recorded newly diagnosed @entity1 with @entity1278 ( @entity1279 ) in their practice during 1985-1989, 1995-1999, and 2005-2009. GPs are key players in the Dutch healthcare system, as their written referral is mandatory in order to get access to specialized (mental) healthcare, covered by health insurance. Health insurance is virtually universal in The Netherlands (99% of the population). A substantial number of GPs participated in all three study periods, during which the same case identification criteria were used and the same psychiatrist was responsible for making the final diagnoses. Incidence rates were calculated and for comparison between periods, incidence rate ratios. RESULTS: The overall incidence rate of @entity1279 decreased significantly in the past three decades (from 8.6 per 100 000 @entity1 -years in 1985-1989 to 6.1 in 1995-1999, and 3.2 in 2005-2009). The overall incidence of @entity1278 remained fairly stable during three decades, i.e. 7.4 per 1 00 000 @entity1 -years in 1985-1989, 7.8 in 1995-1999, and 6.0 in 2005-2009. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of @entity1279 decreased significantly over the past three decades, while the overall incidence rate of @entity1278 remained stable.

title: Three decades of @entity1277 in Dutch primary care: decreasing incidence of XXXX but not of @entity1278 .

answer: @entity1279 :: (MESH:D052018,Disease) :: ['bulimia nervosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraoperative @entity927 ( @entity928 ) administration has been used to abate @entity190 in a variety of surgical procedures. Several recent studies have supported its efficacy in reducing transfusion requirements in pediatric cranial vault reconstruction (CVR). OBJECTIVE: To conduct a retrospective chart review to determine whether a significant reduction in packed red blood cell (PRBC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions exists when @entity928 is used. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 28 @entity1 who underwent CVR for @entity91 was performed. Transfusion requirements for 14 @entity1 who did not receive @entity928 were compared with 14 @entity1 who did. Predictors of increased blood product transfusion were also studied. RESULTS: Total volume of PRBC transfusion was reduced by 50% with the use of @entity928 (P=0.004) with a 34% reduction in intraoperative PRBC transfusion (P=0.017) and a 67% reduction in postoperative PRBC transfusion (P<0.001). Total volume of FFP transfusion was reduced by 46% (P=0.002) and postoperative FFP transfusion was reduced by 100% (P=0.001). The use of @entity928 was associated with a lower total volume of PRBC (P=0.003) and FFP (P=0.003) transfusions. Older @entity1 age was associated with lower total volume of PRBC transfused (P=0.046 and P=0.002), but not with FFP (P=0.183 and P=0.099) transfusion volumes. Increasing @entity1 weight was associated with lower PRBC (P=0.010 and P=0.020) and FFP (P=0.045 and P=0.016) transfusion volumes. CONCLUSION: @entity928 decreased blood product transfusion requirements in @entity1 undergoing CVR for @entity91 , and should be a routine part of the strategy to reduce @entity190 in these procedures.

title: Use of XXXX in @entity91 surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['tranexamic acid']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['sagittal craniosynostosis']

answer: @entity927 :: (MESH:D014148,Chemical) :: ['tranexamic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraoperative @entity927 ( @entity928 ) administration has been used to abate @entity190 in a variety of surgical procedures. Several recent studies have supported its efficacy in reducing transfusion requirements in pediatric cranial vault reconstruction (CVR). OBJECTIVE: To conduct a retrospective chart review to determine whether a significant reduction in packed red blood cell (PRBC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions exists when @entity928 is used. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 28 @entity1 who underwent CVR for @entity91 was performed. Transfusion requirements for 14 @entity1 who did not receive @entity928 were compared with 14 @entity1 who did. Predictors of increased blood product transfusion were also studied. RESULTS: Total volume of PRBC transfusion was reduced by 50% with the use of @entity928 (P=0.004) with a 34% reduction in intraoperative PRBC transfusion (P=0.017) and a 67% reduction in postoperative PRBC transfusion (P<0.001). Total volume of FFP transfusion was reduced by 46% (P=0.002) and postoperative FFP transfusion was reduced by 100% (P=0.001). The use of @entity928 was associated with a lower total volume of PRBC (P=0.003) and FFP (P=0.003) transfusions. Older @entity1 age was associated with lower total volume of PRBC transfused (P=0.046 and P=0.002), but not with FFP (P=0.183 and P=0.099) transfusion volumes. Increasing @entity1 weight was associated with lower PRBC (P=0.010 and P=0.020) and FFP (P=0.045 and P=0.016) transfusion volumes. CONCLUSION: @entity928 decreased blood product transfusion requirements in @entity1 undergoing CVR for @entity91 , and should be a routine part of the strategy to reduce @entity190 in these procedures.

title: Use of @entity927 in XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity91 :: (MESH:D003398,Disease) :: ['craniosynostosis']


abstract: @entity1712 ( @entity1712 ) is the most common and benign form of the spectrum of disorders referred to as @entity1222 ( @entity1222 ). @entity1222 is primarily regarded as a @entity66 , with few adult cases of multifocal @entity1712 of bone reported. We report a case of multifocal @entity1712 in a 48-year-old @entity1 , who presented with right knee @entity158 . Radiographs showed a small lytic lesion in the medial femoral condyle. Diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound-guided biopsy. She had had a previous @entity1712 lesion excised from her skull. Whole-body bone scan demonstrated a new skull lesion in the right diploic space, which was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. The @entity1 underwent curettage, bone grafting, and prophylactic internal fixation of the right distal femur lesion. The skull lesion was treated with repeat craniectomy. Two years later, she developed a new lesion in the right distal femoral metaphysis, which was treated with intralesional corticosteroid injections. Now, more than 1 year later, the @entity1 is @entity158 -free with no evidence of new or recurrent disease. Because multifocal @entity1712 is a rare diagnosis in adults, appropriate clinical suspicion, in combination with radiographic findings and histologic examination, is essential for correct diagnosis and treatment.

title: XXXX in an Adult.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['Eosinophilic granuloma', 'EG']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric disease']

entities_list: @entity1222 :: ('MESH:D006646', 'Disease') :: ['Langerhans cell histiocytosis', 'LCH']

answer: @entity1222 :: (MESH:D006646,Disease) :: ['Multifocal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis']


abstract: This study has examined the effect of postmortem autolysis, type, and duration of fixation on neurofilament, @entity5473 , and glial fibrillary acidic protein ( @entity538 ) antigen decay as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, using a streptavidin- @entity1885 peroxidase method. The system used consisted of 5 normal cerebellar cortices. Time intervals, temperature, mode of fixation and storage, and staining technique were well controlled. Anti-neurofilament antibodies comprised SMI-31, MNF, and BF-10 against @entity2383 , and SMI-32 against a non-phosphorylated epitope. Bouin's and B5 fixative, and Sensofix gave best results, whereas @entity406 and @entity1604 fixation gave much lower immunoreactivity. Phosphorylated neurofilament epitopes were less affected by @entity3125 than unphosphorylated epitopes. @entity538 staining was most consistent after Bouin fixation while the monoclonal antibody was much more sensitive to the fixative used than the polyclonal one. Aspecific background staining increased considerably after a postmortem interval of 24 hours. @entity5473 immunoreactivity, as demonstrated by SY-38, proved very sensitive to prolonged fixation and was of poor quality following @entity406 and @entity1604 fixation. Knowledge of antigen decay due to postmortem artifacts is essential for the correct evaluation of immunoperoxidase studies of autolyzed tissues that have been fixed and stored in different modes and for variable time interval.

title: Tissue fixation methods alter the immunohistochemical demonstrability of neurofilament proteins, XXXX , and glial fibrillary acidic protein in human cerebellum.

entities_list: @entity5473 :: ('6855', 'Gene') :: ['Synaptophysin', 'synaptophysin']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity3125 :: ('MESH:D000447', 'Chemical') :: ['aldehydes']

entities_list: @entity1604 :: ('MESH:C003043', 'Chemical') :: ['paraformaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['phosphorylated epitopes']

answer: @entity5473 :: (6855,Gene) :: ['synaptophysin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of race and surgical approach for @entity1 who underwent surgical treatment for uterine @entity5 . METHODS: The design was a retrospective cohort study of discharge data from nonfederal acute care hospitals in Maryland from 2000 to 2009. @entity1 aged 18 and older who underwent hysterectomy for uterine @entity5 were included in the study population. The main outcome measure was receipt of lymphadenectomy. Secondary outcomes included receipt of minimally-invasive surgical approach, in-hospital mortality and individual surgeon and individual hospital annual uterine @entity5 case volume. The independent variable was race. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios and confidence intervals for each outcome of interest. Caucasians were the reference group. RESULTS: Among 5470 @entity1 who underwent hysterectomy, 2727 (49.9%) underwent lymphadenectomy and 512 (9.4%) underwent surgery through a minimally-invasive approach. After adjusting for age, payer status and @entity1488 -DRG mortality risk score, African-Americans were more likely to be operated on by high-volume surgeons (adjusted OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.09-1.49) yet were less likely to undergo minimally-invasive surgery (adjusted OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.45-0.80). For the outcome of lymphadenectomy, there was no significant difference between Caucasians and African-Americans (OR=1.13, 95% CI: 0.98-1.30). There was no association between race and in-hospital mortality or between race and the odds of undergoing surgery at a high-volume hospital. CONCLUSION: In this retrospective analysis of uterine @entity5 @entity1 , race is associated with likelihood of undergoing surgery through a minimally-invasive approach. Further analysis using prospectively collected data with more detail regarding peri-operative parameters is needed to further clarify possible reasons for this disparity.

title: Racial disparities in surgical care for uterine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: During optic nerve regeneration in @entity2083 , the label from a small retinal spot injection of WGA-HRP has been previously reported to be initially widely dispersed in the tectum and subsequently to condense into a small patch in the retinotopically appropriate location of tectum. This refinement involves two separate processes: one is activity independent and generates gross retinotopy; the other is activity dependent and mediates the formation of fine retinotopy. Since the number of synapses remains constant during this refinement, one or both of these processes may involve some form of competition for a limited number of synaptic sites. To clarify the role of synaptic competition, we created a low-density retinotectal projection in @entity2083 by deflecting about 20% of the optic fibers from one tectum into the opposite tectum, which was denervated of all other optic fibers. Under this condition, it was previously shown that less than half the normal density of synapses is formed. If competition for synaptic sites is a requirement of refinement, refinement should be prevented or significantly hindered. To monitor refinement during regeneration, 2 nl spot injections of WGA-HRP were made into the retina at various times after deflection. To distinguish between activity-dependent and activity-independent refinement, retinal impulse activity was blocked in some fish with repeated injections of @entity4524 into the eye for the duration of the experiment. It was found that considerable activity-independent refinement occurred under continuous @entity4524 blockade although the fibers remained more dispersed than in previous @entity4524 studies when normal numbers of fibers were present. Surprisingly, in fish with normal impulse activity, the degree of activity-dependent refinement was almost normal. Labeled fibers condensed into a small area roughly comparable in size to that observed when the full complement of fibers was regenerating into tectum. These results suggest that competition for limited synaptic sites is not essential for activity-dependent refinement, which may, instead, be mediated by a cooperative process that actively promotes convergence. The findings further suggest that if synaptic competition plays a role in this system, it is in regulating activity-independent mechanisms that determine the large-scale distribution of fibers within tectum.

title: Activity-dependent retinotopic refinement in a low-density retinotectal projection in the XXXX : evidence favoring synaptic cooperation over competition.

answer: @entity2083 :: (7957,Species) :: ['goldfish']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: to extend up to year 2013 the follow-up for mortality of a cohort of workers in a @entity3407 and @entity3406 plating plant, where an @entity2 was already identified. DESIGN: 10 years after the first study about @entity5 mortality in a cohort of workers involved in the @entity3407 thin-layer plating, published in 2006, we updated the evaluation of themortality of a cohort ofworkers employed in the same chromiumthin-layer plating factory with at least 6 months of work between 1968 and 1994.The mortality rates are compared with those of the Italian and Veneto Region (Northern Italy) populations.The dose-response relationship between work duration and @entity2 is assessed by adjusted Poisson regression. SETTING AND @entity1 : 127 unskilled or skilled workers involved in the production process. RESULTS: in the updated follow-up, 35 @entity204 occurred among the subjects under study: 19 for @entity5 (of which 11 for @entity2 and 3 for @entity788 ). A marked @entity2 is observed. In addition, the newfollowup shows a significant excess of @entity788 mortality. @entity2 mortality is positively associated with work duration and the risk increases by 13%(95%CI 1-26) for each additional year of work. CONCLUSIONS: the extension of followup confirms that this cohort expresses an increased mortality from @entity5 , due to a marked @entity788 . The effect of smoking has only a secondary effect in the @entity5 onset expressed by this cohort. The risk of @entity2 increased with work duration and thus with occupational exposure to @entity3407 and @entity3406 .

title: [Confirmation of an excess of XXXX mortality in a cohort of workers of a @entity3407 thin-layer plating].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'excess of lung and pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancer deaths']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['excess of lung cancers', 'Lung cancer', 'excess ofmortality due to lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: to extend up to year 2013 the follow-up for mortality of a cohort of workers in a @entity3407 and @entity3406 plating plant, where an @entity2 was already identified. DESIGN: 10 years after the first study about @entity5 mortality in a cohort of workers involved in the @entity3407 thin-layer plating, published in 2006, we updated the evaluation of themortality of a cohort ofworkers employed in the same chromiumthin-layer plating factory with at least 6 months of work between 1968 and 1994.The mortality rates are compared with those of the Italian and Veneto Region (Northern Italy) populations.The dose-response relationship between work duration and @entity2 is assessed by adjusted Poisson regression. SETTING AND @entity1 : 127 unskilled or skilled workers involved in the production process. RESULTS: in the updated follow-up, 35 @entity204 occurred among the subjects under study: 19 for @entity5 (of which 11 for @entity2 and 3 for @entity788 ). A marked @entity2 is observed. In addition, the newfollowup shows a significant excess of @entity788 mortality. @entity2 mortality is positively associated with work duration and the risk increases by 13%(95%CI 1-26) for each additional year of work. CONCLUSIONS: the extension of followup confirms that this cohort expresses an increased mortality from @entity5 , due to a marked @entity788 . The effect of smoking has only a secondary effect in the @entity5 onset expressed by this cohort. The risk of @entity2 increased with work duration and thus with occupational exposure to @entity3407 and @entity3406 .

title: [Confirmation of an excess of @entity5 mortality in a cohort of workers of a XXXX thin-layer plating].

answer: @entity3407 :: (MESH:D002857,Chemical) :: ['chromium']


abstract: AIM: To determine the association between smoking status and leisure time physical activity (LTPA), @entity167 consumption, and socioeconomic status (SES) among Polish adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 466 randomly selected @entity1 and @entity1 (aged 18-66 years) responded to an anonymous questionnaire regarding smoking, @entity167 consumption, LTPA, and SES. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the association of smoking status with six socioeconomic measures, level of LTPA, and frequency and type of @entity167 consumed. Smokers were defined as individuals smoking occasionally or daily. RESULTS: The odds of being smoker were 9 times ( @entity1 ) and 27 times ( @entity1 ) higher among respondents who drink @entity167 several times/ week or everyday in comparison to non-drinkers (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001). Among @entity1 with the elementary/vocational level of education the frequency of smoking was four times higher compared to those with the high educational attainment (p = 0.007). Among @entity1 we observed that students were the most frequent smokers. Female students were almost three times more likely to smoke than non-professional @entity1 , and two times more likely than physical workers (p = 0.018). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated that among randomly selected Polish @entity1 and @entity1 aged 18-66 smoking and @entity167 consumption tended to cluster. These results imply that intervention strategies need to target multiple risk factors simultaneously. The highest risk of smoking was observed among low educated @entity1 , female students, and both @entity1 and @entity1 drinking @entity167 several times a week or every day. Information on subgroups with the high risk of smoking will help in planning future preventive strategies.

title: Correlates of smoking with socioeconomic status, leisure time physical activity and XXXX consumption among Polish adults from randomly selected regions.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The term @entity12000 -related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC) describes a group of rare @entity8 , characterised by broad genetic and clinical heterogeneity. NPHP-RC is frequently associated with extrarenal manifestations and accounts for the majority of genetically caused @entity740 ( @entity740 ) during childhood and adolescence. Generation of a molecular diagnosis has been impaired by this broad genetic heterogeneity. However, recently developed high-throughput exon sequencing techniques represent powerful and efficient tools to screen large cohorts for dozens of causative genes. METHODS: Therefore, we performed massively multiplexed targeted sequencing using the modified molecular inversion probe strategy (MIPs) in an international cohort of 384 @entity1 diagnosed with NPHP-RC. RESULTS: As a result, we established the molecular diagnoses in 81/384 unrelated individuals (21.1%). We detected 127 likely disease-causing mutations in 18 of 34 evaluated NPHP-RC genes, 22 of which were novel. We further compared a subgroup of current findings to the results of a previous study in which we used an array-based microfluidic PCR technology in the same cohort. While 78 likely disease-causing mutations were previously detected by the array-based microfluidic PCR, the MIPs approach identified 94 likely pathogenic mutations. Compared with the previous approach, MIPs redetected 66 out of 78 variants and 28 previously unidentified variants, for a total of 94 variants. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we demonstrate that the modified MIPs technology is a useful approach to screen large cohorts for a multitude of established NPHP genes in order to identify the underlying molecular cause. Combined application of two independent library preparation and sequencing techniques, however, may still be indicated for @entity74 with extensive genetic heterogeneity in order to further increase diagnostic sensitivity.

title: Large-scale targeted sequencing comparison highlights extreme genetic heterogeneity in XXXX -related ciliopathies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal-recessive cystic kidney diseases']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity12000 :: ('MESH:C537699', 'Disease') :: ['nephronophthisis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Mendelian diseases']

answer: @entity12000 :: (MESH:C537699,Disease) :: ['nephronophthisis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Measurement of sagittal abdominal diameter using a revalidated caliper is simple, inexpensive, non-invasive method. It strongly correlates with insulin resistance and can be used as a surrogate marker to predict risk for @entity6 . AIM: To assess visceral abdominal fat by measuring sagittal abdominal diameter using sliding calipers and to predict insulin resistance in @entity28 or overweight adolescent @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: Explorative study for Paediatric age group among over weight and @entity28 @entity1 aged 10-18 years in urban population in a Tertiary Care Centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Paediatric population satisfying ADA guidelines for diagnosis of @entity5710 were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements with @entity4696 were recorded. Blood was collected to investigate for @entity5710 and insulin resistance using HOMA-IR. RESULTS: Out of 924 subjects who gave assent to participate in study 108 fulfilled ADA criteria. 33 subjects who didn't come for the follow up were excluded. Out of 75 subjects 12 were detected to have insulin resistance (16%) and 63 were normal (84%). Pearson's partial correlation of HOMA-IR and OGTT with @entity4696 has demonstrated it to be better correlation with Insulin Resistance (IR) than other anthropometric measurements. Fasting @entity413 correlated better with Waist Hip Circumference. CONCLUSION: Insulin Resistance was diagnosed in 16% of the population and these had high levels of insulin resistance. @entity4696 in relation to @entity413 metabolism, had a better correlation with OGTT followed by HOMA-IR and fasting Insulin. @entity4696 with anthropometric measurements had better correlation all the parameters other than Waist Circumference, which had negative correlation. @entity4696 can be used in evaluation of @entity28 or overweight @entity1 for evaluation.

title: Sagittal Abdominal Diameter to Measure Visceral Adipose Tissue in Overweight or Obese Adolescent XXXX and Its Role as A Marker of Insulin Resistance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Type II Diabetes Mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: Immunolocalization of @entity5994 (a specific endothelial cell marker) and @entity21349 and @entity12270 , along with quantitative image analysis, were used to evaluate vascular development and distribution of HBGF in the @entity291 corpus luteum (CL) at three stages (early, middle, and late) of the estrous cycle. Luteal vascularity increased from the early to the middle stage and then declined to the late stage. During the early stage, most of the microvessels were present in the cores of the tissue infoldings (presumably thecal-derived areas), but numerous capillary sprouts could be seen invading the parenchymal areas. During the middle stage, capillary density was so great that most parenchymal cells were in contact with one or more capillaries. At the late stage, relatively few capillaries were present in the parenchymal areas, whereas larger microvessels were prominent throughout the CL. Throughout the estrous cycle, @entity21349 and @entity12270 were present primarily in the cytoplasm of large and small luteal cells. For each stage of the estrous cycle, @entity12270 staining was greater than that of @entity21349 . Relatively high levels of @entity12270 , but not @entity21349 , were also present in connective tissue tracts. In addition, @entity21349 and @entity12270 appeared to co-localize in some luteal cells. Although the distribution of @entity21349 was homogeneous throughout the CI, that of @entity12270 was heterogeneous. For @entity21349 , staining increased from the early to the middle stage but remained unchanged from the middle to the late stage. In contrast, @entity12270 staining was greatest in the middle stage and similar in the early and late stages. These data are the first report of @entity21349 and @entity12270 immunolocalization in @entity291 luteal tissues throughout the estrous cycle, and demonstrate that @entity12270 staining follows a pattern similar to that of luteal vascular development.

title: Vascular development and heparin-binding growth factors in the XXXX corpus luteum at several stages of the estrous cycle.

entities_list: @entity21349 :: ('281160(Tax:9913)', 'Gene') :: ['heparin-binding (fibroblast) growth factors (HBGF)-1', 'HBGF-1']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: The cerebellum is implicated in maintaining the saccadic subsystem efficient for vision by minimizing movement inaccuracy and by learning from endpoint errors. This ability is often disrupted in @entity76 , as demonstrated by saccade @entity854 . The study of saccades in these @entity1 may therefore provide insights into the neural substrate underlying saccadic motor control. We investigated the different extent of saccade @entity854 in @entity196 and @entity32889 @entity6447 , genetically undefined and with prevalent @entity76 . Reflexive and voluntary saccades of different amplitude (10  -18  ) were studied in seven @entity1 with @entity196 , eight @entity1 with @entity32889 @entity6447 and 25 healthy controls. Quantitative analysis of saccade parameters and measures of saccade accuracy were performed. Detailed neurological, neurophysiological and magnetic resonance imaging assessment was obtained for each @entity1 . Genetic and laboratory screening for @entity164 and other forms of @entity32889 @entity6447 were also performed. A lower peak saccade velocity and longer duration was observed in @entity1 with @entity196 with respect to those with @entity32889 @entity6447 and controls. Unlike subjects with @entity196 , @entity1 with @entity32889 @entity6447 showed main sequence relationships to similar saccades made by normal subjects. Saccades were significantly more inaccurate, namely hypometric, in @entity32889 @entity6447 than in @entity196 and inaccuracy increased with saccade amplitude. The percentage of hypometric primary saccades and of larger secondary corrective saccades were consistently higher in @entity32889 @entity6447 than in @entity196 and controls. No other significant differences were found between groups. Two different mechanisms were adopted to redirect the fovea as fast and/or accurately as possible to peripheral targets by the two groups of cerebellar @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity196 maintained accuracy using slow saccades with longer duration. This reflects prevalent degenerative processes affecting the pontine burst generator and leading to saccade velocity failure. On the other hand, @entity1 with @entity32889 @entity6447 reached the target with a number of fast inaccurate, mostly hypometric saccades. Different degrees of cerebellar oculomotor vermis involvement may account for differences in optimizing the trade-off between velocity and accuracy in the two groups. In addition, as suggested by spinocerebellar @entity1 having slow saccades that are no longer ballistic, visual feedback might be continuously available during the movement execution to guide the eye to its target.

title: Differences in saccade dynamics between @entity196 and @entity32889 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['spinocerebellar ataxia 2', 'spinocerebellar ataxia type 2']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['dynamic abnormalities', 'kinetic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar atrophy', 'degenerative cerebellar diseases']

entities_list: @entity6447 :: ('MESH:D002524', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar ataxias', 'cerebellar ataxia']

entities_list: @entity164 :: ('MESH:D017827', 'Disease') :: ['spinocerebellar ataxias']

answer: @entity6447 :: (MESH:D002524,Disease) :: ['cerebellar ataxias']


abstract: The cerebellum is implicated in maintaining the saccadic subsystem efficient for vision by minimizing movement inaccuracy and by learning from endpoint errors. This ability is often disrupted in @entity76 , as demonstrated by saccade @entity854 . The study of saccades in these @entity1 may therefore provide insights into the neural substrate underlying saccadic motor control. We investigated the different extent of saccade @entity854 in @entity196 and @entity32889 @entity6447 , genetically undefined and with prevalent @entity76 . Reflexive and voluntary saccades of different amplitude (10  -18  ) were studied in seven @entity1 with @entity196 , eight @entity1 with @entity32889 @entity6447 and 25 healthy controls. Quantitative analysis of saccade parameters and measures of saccade accuracy were performed. Detailed neurological, neurophysiological and magnetic resonance imaging assessment was obtained for each @entity1 . Genetic and laboratory screening for @entity164 and other forms of @entity32889 @entity6447 were also performed. A lower peak saccade velocity and longer duration was observed in @entity1 with @entity196 with respect to those with @entity32889 @entity6447 and controls. Unlike subjects with @entity196 , @entity1 with @entity32889 @entity6447 showed main sequence relationships to similar saccades made by normal subjects. Saccades were significantly more inaccurate, namely hypometric, in @entity32889 @entity6447 than in @entity196 and inaccuracy increased with saccade amplitude. The percentage of hypometric primary saccades and of larger secondary corrective saccades were consistently higher in @entity32889 @entity6447 than in @entity196 and controls. No other significant differences were found between groups. Two different mechanisms were adopted to redirect the fovea as fast and/or accurately as possible to peripheral targets by the two groups of cerebellar @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity196 maintained accuracy using slow saccades with longer duration. This reflects prevalent degenerative processes affecting the pontine burst generator and leading to saccade velocity failure. On the other hand, @entity1 with @entity32889 @entity6447 reached the target with a number of fast inaccurate, mostly hypometric saccades. Different degrees of cerebellar oculomotor vermis involvement may account for differences in optimizing the trade-off between velocity and accuracy in the two groups. In addition, as suggested by spinocerebellar @entity1 having slow saccades that are no longer ballistic, visual feedback might be continuously available during the movement execution to guide the eye to its target.

title: Differences in saccade dynamics between XXXX and @entity32889 @entity6447 .

answer: @entity196 :: (MESH:D020754,Disease) :: ['spinocerebellar ataxia 2']


abstract: The cerebellum is implicated in maintaining the saccadic subsystem efficient for vision by minimizing movement inaccuracy and by learning from endpoint errors. This ability is often disrupted in @entity76 , as demonstrated by saccade @entity854 . The study of saccades in these @entity1 may therefore provide insights into the neural substrate underlying saccadic motor control. We investigated the different extent of saccade @entity854 in @entity196 and @entity32889 @entity6447 , genetically undefined and with prevalent @entity76 . Reflexive and voluntary saccades of different amplitude (10  -18  ) were studied in seven @entity1 with @entity196 , eight @entity1 with @entity32889 @entity6447 and 25 healthy controls. Quantitative analysis of saccade parameters and measures of saccade accuracy were performed. Detailed neurological, neurophysiological and magnetic resonance imaging assessment was obtained for each @entity1 . Genetic and laboratory screening for @entity164 and other forms of @entity32889 @entity6447 were also performed. A lower peak saccade velocity and longer duration was observed in @entity1 with @entity196 with respect to those with @entity32889 @entity6447 and controls. Unlike subjects with @entity196 , @entity1 with @entity32889 @entity6447 showed main sequence relationships to similar saccades made by normal subjects. Saccades were significantly more inaccurate, namely hypometric, in @entity32889 @entity6447 than in @entity196 and inaccuracy increased with saccade amplitude. The percentage of hypometric primary saccades and of larger secondary corrective saccades were consistently higher in @entity32889 @entity6447 than in @entity196 and controls. No other significant differences were found between groups. Two different mechanisms were adopted to redirect the fovea as fast and/or accurately as possible to peripheral targets by the two groups of cerebellar @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity196 maintained accuracy using slow saccades with longer duration. This reflects prevalent degenerative processes affecting the pontine burst generator and leading to saccade velocity failure. On the other hand, @entity1 with @entity32889 @entity6447 reached the target with a number of fast inaccurate, mostly hypometric saccades. Different degrees of cerebellar oculomotor vermis involvement may account for differences in optimizing the trade-off between velocity and accuracy in the two groups. In addition, as suggested by spinocerebellar @entity1 having slow saccades that are no longer ballistic, visual feedback might be continuously available during the movement execution to guide the eye to its target.

title: Differences in saccade dynamics between @entity196 and XXXX @entity6447 .

answer: @entity32889 :: (MESH:C537877,Disease) :: ['late-onset']


abstract: PURPOSE: Several studies have described molecular differences between microsatellite stable @entity14 (MSS-HNPCC) and microsatellite unstable @entity5 (MSI-HNPCC). These differences highlight the possibility that other instability forms could explain @entity5 susceptibility in this group of families. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is the major DNA repair pathway for oxidative DNA damage. A defect in this pathway can result in DNA transversion mutations and a subsequent increased @entity5 risk. Mutations in @entity20701 have been associated with increased @entity14 ( @entity14 ) risk while no association has been described for @entity9552 or @entity32058 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed mutational screening of the three genes involved in defense against oxidative DNA damage in a set of 42 MSS-HNPCC families. RESULTS: Eight rare variants and 5 frequent variants were found in MSS-HNPCC @entity1 . All variants were previously described by other authors except variant @entity56535 in @entity9552 . Segregation studies were done and in silico programs were used to estimate the level of @entity535 conservation, protein damage prediction, and possible splicing alterations. Variants @entity9552 @entity72932 ; @entity20701 @entity72933 were detected in Amsterdam I families and cosegregate with @entity5 . Analysis of @entity9552 @entity72932 transcripts showed an inactivation of the splicing donor of exon 1. CONCLUSIONS: Two rare variants ( @entity9552 @entity72932 ; @entity20701 @entity72933 ) and one common polymorphism ( @entity32058 @entity72934 ) were associated with @entity14 risk. We show that the BER pathway can play a significant role in a number of MSS-HNPCC @entity14 . More studies could be of interest in order to gain further understanding of yet unexplained @entity14 susceptibility cases.

title: Analysis of the oxidative damage repair genes XXXX , @entity9552 , and @entity20701 in @entity1 from mismatch repair proficient HNPCC families (MSS-HNPCC).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Lynch syndrome tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer', 'CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity32058 :: (4521,Gene) :: ['NUDT1']


abstract: PURPOSE: Several studies have described molecular differences between microsatellite stable @entity14 (MSS-HNPCC) and microsatellite unstable @entity5 (MSI-HNPCC). These differences highlight the possibility that other instability forms could explain @entity5 susceptibility in this group of families. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is the major DNA repair pathway for oxidative DNA damage. A defect in this pathway can result in DNA transversion mutations and a subsequent increased @entity5 risk. Mutations in @entity20701 have been associated with increased @entity14 ( @entity14 ) risk while no association has been described for @entity9552 or @entity32058 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed mutational screening of the three genes involved in defense against oxidative DNA damage in a set of 42 MSS-HNPCC families. RESULTS: Eight rare variants and 5 frequent variants were found in MSS-HNPCC @entity1 . All variants were previously described by other authors except variant @entity56535 in @entity9552 . Segregation studies were done and in silico programs were used to estimate the level of @entity535 conservation, protein damage prediction, and possible splicing alterations. Variants @entity9552 @entity72932 ; @entity20701 @entity72933 were detected in Amsterdam I families and cosegregate with @entity5 . Analysis of @entity9552 @entity72932 transcripts showed an inactivation of the splicing donor of exon 1. CONCLUSIONS: Two rare variants ( @entity9552 @entity72932 ; @entity20701 @entity72933 ) and one common polymorphism ( @entity32058 @entity72934 ) were associated with @entity14 risk. We show that the BER pathway can play a significant role in a number of MSS-HNPCC @entity14 . More studies could be of interest in order to gain further understanding of yet unexplained @entity14 susceptibility cases.

title: Analysis of the oxidative damage repair genes @entity32058 , XXXX , and @entity20701 in @entity1 from mismatch repair proficient HNPCC families (MSS-HNPCC).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity9552 :: (4968,Gene) :: ['OGG1']


abstract: PURPOSE: Several studies have described molecular differences between microsatellite stable @entity14 (MSS-HNPCC) and microsatellite unstable @entity5 (MSI-HNPCC). These differences highlight the possibility that other instability forms could explain @entity5 susceptibility in this group of families. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is the major DNA repair pathway for oxidative DNA damage. A defect in this pathway can result in DNA transversion mutations and a subsequent increased @entity5 risk. Mutations in @entity20701 have been associated with increased @entity14 ( @entity14 ) risk while no association has been described for @entity9552 or @entity32058 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed mutational screening of the three genes involved in defense against oxidative DNA damage in a set of 42 MSS-HNPCC families. RESULTS: Eight rare variants and 5 frequent variants were found in MSS-HNPCC @entity1 . All variants were previously described by other authors except variant @entity56535 in @entity9552 . Segregation studies were done and in silico programs were used to estimate the level of @entity535 conservation, protein damage prediction, and possible splicing alterations. Variants @entity9552 @entity72932 ; @entity20701 @entity72933 were detected in Amsterdam I families and cosegregate with @entity5 . Analysis of @entity9552 @entity72932 transcripts showed an inactivation of the splicing donor of exon 1. CONCLUSIONS: Two rare variants ( @entity9552 @entity72932 ; @entity20701 @entity72933 ) and one common polymorphism ( @entity32058 @entity72934 ) were associated with @entity14 risk. We show that the BER pathway can play a significant role in a number of MSS-HNPCC @entity14 . More studies could be of interest in order to gain further understanding of yet unexplained @entity14 susceptibility cases.

title: Analysis of the oxidative damage repair genes @entity32058 , @entity9552 , and XXXX in @entity1 from mismatch repair proficient HNPCC families (MSS-HNPCC).

answer: @entity20701 :: (4595,Gene) :: ['MUTYH']


abstract: PURPOSE: Several studies have described molecular differences between microsatellite stable @entity14 (MSS-HNPCC) and microsatellite unstable @entity5 (MSI-HNPCC). These differences highlight the possibility that other instability forms could explain @entity5 susceptibility in this group of families. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is the major DNA repair pathway for oxidative DNA damage. A defect in this pathway can result in DNA transversion mutations and a subsequent increased @entity5 risk. Mutations in @entity20701 have been associated with increased @entity14 ( @entity14 ) risk while no association has been described for @entity9552 or @entity32058 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed mutational screening of the three genes involved in defense against oxidative DNA damage in a set of 42 MSS-HNPCC families. RESULTS: Eight rare variants and 5 frequent variants were found in MSS-HNPCC @entity1 . All variants were previously described by other authors except variant @entity56535 in @entity9552 . Segregation studies were done and in silico programs were used to estimate the level of @entity535 conservation, protein damage prediction, and possible splicing alterations. Variants @entity9552 @entity72932 ; @entity20701 @entity72933 were detected in Amsterdam I families and cosegregate with @entity5 . Analysis of @entity9552 @entity72932 transcripts showed an inactivation of the splicing donor of exon 1. CONCLUSIONS: Two rare variants ( @entity9552 @entity72932 ; @entity20701 @entity72933 ) and one common polymorphism ( @entity32058 @entity72934 ) were associated with @entity14 risk. We show that the BER pathway can play a significant role in a number of MSS-HNPCC @entity14 . More studies could be of interest in order to gain further understanding of yet unexplained @entity14 susceptibility cases.

title: Analysis of the oxidative damage repair genes @entity32058 , @entity9552 , and @entity20701 in XXXX from mismatch repair proficient HNPCC families (MSS-HNPCC).

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity320 is a malignancy with one of the highest mortality rates. However, with the introduction of new drugs during the last decade, the prognosis of @entity1 began to improve. Ipilimumab is one of the first socalled modern drugs in @entity320 treatment. The therapy is often complicated by adverse effects which are referred as immunerelated adverse events due to its mechanism of action. CASE: We present a case of 68yearold @entity1 with @entity320 who underwent treatment with ipilimumab. The @entity1 encountered several adverse events during the treatment. Some of them are quite common (e.g. skin affections), others (e.g. @entity2744 ) are less frequent. CONCLUSION: This case study highlights the need for close observation not only during the actual treatment with ipilimumab, but also several weeks or months after the last dose. This case study also demonstrates further need of education of doctors who do not usually come in to contact with such @entity1 .Key word: @entity320 - ipilimumab - hypohysitis - @entity4386 The work was realized with the support PRVOUK 37/06.The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or   services used in the study.The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers.Submitted: 30. 8. 2015Accepted: 20. 9. 2015.

title: [Possible Pitfalls of Ipilimumab Therapy in XXXX  - a  Case Report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2744 :: ('MESH:C567425', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinopathies']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'metastatic melanoma', 'Metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['Malignant Melanoma']


abstract: @entity537 ) is a lymphotropic herpesvirus that induces @entity784 and @entity1778 in New World primates other than its natural host, the squirrel monkey. @entity377 sequence analysis of the HVS genome revealed two open reading frames with significant homology to genes for @entity1 complement regulatory molecules. One of these genes encodes a predicted protein (designated HVSCD59) with 48% @entity535 sequence identity to the @entity1 terminal complement regulatory protein @entity1009 (HuCD59). The @entity1009 homolog from squirrel monkey (SMCD59) was cloned, and the corresponding @entity535 sequence showed 69% identity with HVSCD59. BALB/3T3 cells stably expressing HVSCD59, SMCD59, or HuCD59 were equally protected from complement-mediated lysis by human serum. However, only HVSCD59-expressing cells were effectively protected from complement-mediated lysis when challenged with rat serum, suggesting that HVSCD59 was less species restrictive. The complement regulatory activity of HVSCD59 and SMCD59 occurred after @entity4417 deposition, indicating terminal complement inhibition. Treatment of BALB/3T3 stable transfectants with @entity4357 -specific phospholipase C prior to complement attack decreased the complement regulatory function of HVSCD59, suggesting cell surface attachment via a @entity4495 anchor. Cells expressing HVSCD59 effectively inhibited complement-mediated lysis by squirrel monkey serum in comparison with SMCD59-expressing cells. Finally HVSCD59-specific transcripts were detected in owl monkey cells permissive for lytic HVS replication but not in T cells transformed by HVS, which failed to produce virions. These data are the first to demonstrate a functional, virally encoded terminal complement inhibitor and suggest that HVSCD59 represents a humoral immune evasion mechanism supporting the lytic life cycle of HVS.

title: Inhibition of complement-mediated cytolysis by the terminal complement inhibitor of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity537 :: ('10381', 'Species') :: ['Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell transformation in vitro and causes lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['Nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemias']

entities_list: @entity4495 :: ('MESH:D017261', 'Chemical') :: ['glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity537 :: (10381,Species) :: ['herpesvirus saimiri']


abstract: The @entity4523 ( @entity4523 ) assay in @entity1 exfoliated cells has been widely used to detect the genotoxic effects of environmental mutagens, infectious agents and @entity74 . Substantial variability characterizes the @entity4523 frequencies reported by different research groups. One reason for this may be the restricted resolution power of the Feulgen-Fast-Green staining that is routinely used. Here we describe a new version of the @entity4523 assay that employs fluorescent @entity2667 staining along with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a centromeric probe. Buccal and urothelial cells were collected from 5 healthy unexposed female volunteers and 55,000 cells analyzed for @entity4523 frequency and abnormal nuclear events. The Feulgen-Fast-Green and the new fluorescent staining produced very similar results. The frequency of @entity4523 in buccal cells was 0.145 +/- 0.118% and in urothelial cells 0.083 +/- 0.074%. No correlation was found between the frequencies of @entity4523 in the two types of exfoliated cells. FISH with a centromeric probe allowed @entity4523 containing whole chromosomes with a centromere to be differentiated from those containing only acentric fragments. The former appear as a result of chromosome lagging in mitosis, while those without a centromere are due to chromosome breakage. In urothelial cells 43% of @entity4523 were centromere-negative and in buccal cells -44%. Fluorescent staining provided more accurate scoring of degenerative cells than standard Feulgen-Fast-Green staining. The combined frequency of pycnotic cells, "broken eggs" and cells with fragmented nuclei did not exceed 2%, while that of karyorrhexis and karyolysis together was as high as 21%. Significant interindividual variability was found in the frequency of cells with karyolysis and karyorrhexis. Thus, the new version of @entity4523 assay allows for @entity4523 to be scored more precisely, the mechanism of @entity4523 formation to be determined and abnormal nuclear events to be readily identified in exfoliated @entity1 cells. It is therefore ideal for studying genotoxicity in @entity1 populations using exfoliated cells from the mouth, bladder and nose.

title: Measurement and characterization of micronuclei in exfoliated XXXX cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization with a centromeric probe.

entities_list: @entity4523 :: ('MESH:D048629', 'Disease') :: ['MN', 'micronucleus']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary diseases']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Back @entity158 represents one of the most common diseases across various populations of workers worldwide. This study analyzes the prevalence and severity of @entity615 , based on selected demographic variables, and the relationship with physical activity among school teachers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 998 professionally active teachers (840 females and 158 males) from the southern part of Poland. Validated psychometric tools, namely: 1) for evaluation of disability due to @entity615 - a Polish version of the @entity717 Index (ODI) and @entity717 ( @entity717 ), 2) for physical activity assessment - the Subjective Experience of Work Load (SEWL) as well as the authors' supplementary questionnaire, addressing demographic and anthropometric variables were used. RESULTS: There was no correlation between age and the @entity717 scores in females (r = 0.027), in contrast to males (r = 0.202; p  <= 0.05). Statistically significant correlations (p  <= 0.05) were reported between: age and the ODI, in both females (r = 0.219) and males (r = 0.180). No associations between the body mass index (BMI)-ODI, and BMI- @entity717 were found. In the case of @entity1 , disability related to @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) had a negative impact on the indicators of their activity during work, sports, and leisure time. In the case of @entity1 , the @entity717 and ODI scores did not differ, based on activity indicators. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that @entity615 represents a serious concern among teachers. Age appears to be a prognostic factor, while no association between the BMI and @entity1643 has been revealed. The limitation of physical activity leads to more frequent @entity615 . Med Pr 2015;66(6):771-778.

title: Back and neck XXXX among school teachers in Poland and its correlations with physical activity.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain', 'LBP']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Neck Disability Index', 'NDI', 'Oswestry Disability']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The relation between @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity308 and antidepressant consumption has been well explored in major @entity308 but not in @entity161 , which has a high rate of @entity308 comorbidity. The objectives of this study were: (i) to determine the prevalence of abnormal @entity1851 levels, @entity308 and antidepressant consumption in a multicenter community-dwelling sample of subjects with @entity161 (ii) to determine the association between abnormal @entity1851 levels, @entity308 and antidepressant consumption in @entity161 . METHOD: 219 stable @entity1 with @entity161 (mean age=31.6 years, 75.3% male gender) were systematically included in the multicentre network of FondaMental Expert Center for @entity161 (FACE-SZ) and assessed with a dedicated electronic medical record including the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV @entity74 and Calgary @entity308 Scale for @entity308 . High sensitivity @entity1851 (hs- @entity1851 ) was measured with an assay using nephelometry (Dade Behring). Abnormal @entity1851 level was defined by levels >3mg/L. Current medication was recorded. RESULTS: Overall, 63 subjects (28.8%) were found to have abnormal @entity1851 levels, 43 (20.1%) received a diagnosis of comorbid current @entity308 , and 51 (31.9%) had ongoing antidepressant treatment. In univariate analysis, abnormal @entity1851 levels were found to be significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (p<0.0001), @entity2298 (p=0.0015), high waist circumference (p<0.0001), @entity209 (p=0.0011), @entity1144 (p<0.0001) and with antidepressant consumption (p=0.01), while @entity308 , @entity716 symptomatology, age of onset, illness duration, sociodemographic characteristics, current @entity286 or @entity835 status, @entity101 or high fasting @entity413 were not (all p>0.05). In a multivariate model, abnormal @entity1851 was associated with antidepressant consumption independently of other confounding variables (adjusted Odds Ratio=2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.22-6.62). @entity209 was also independently associated with abnormal @entity1851 (adjusted Odds Ratio=2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.01-6.71). CONCLUSION: Abnormal @entity1851 levels in @entity161 were found to be associated with antidepressant consumption, but not with @entity308 . The potential mechanisms were discussed. Antidepressant consumption should be systematically recorded in future studies exploring @entity32 in @entity161 . Future clinical trials of interventions directed at lowering the level of  @entity1851  and other inflammatory markers are discussed.

title: Peripheral sub- @entity32 is associated with antidepressant consumption in XXXX . Results from the multi-center FACE-SZ data set.

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive disorders', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Axis I Disorders']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome', 'Metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['CRP', 'C-Reactive Protein']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The relation between @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity308 and antidepressant consumption has been well explored in major @entity308 but not in @entity161 , which has a high rate of @entity308 comorbidity. The objectives of this study were: (i) to determine the prevalence of abnormal @entity1851 levels, @entity308 and antidepressant consumption in a multicenter community-dwelling sample of subjects with @entity161 (ii) to determine the association between abnormal @entity1851 levels, @entity308 and antidepressant consumption in @entity161 . METHOD: 219 stable @entity1 with @entity161 (mean age=31.6 years, 75.3% male gender) were systematically included in the multicentre network of FondaMental Expert Center for @entity161 (FACE-SZ) and assessed with a dedicated electronic medical record including the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV @entity74 and Calgary @entity308 Scale for @entity308 . High sensitivity @entity1851 (hs- @entity1851 ) was measured with an assay using nephelometry (Dade Behring). Abnormal @entity1851 level was defined by levels >3mg/L. Current medication was recorded. RESULTS: Overall, 63 subjects (28.8%) were found to have abnormal @entity1851 levels, 43 (20.1%) received a diagnosis of comorbid current @entity308 , and 51 (31.9%) had ongoing antidepressant treatment. In univariate analysis, abnormal @entity1851 levels were found to be significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (p<0.0001), @entity2298 (p=0.0015), high waist circumference (p<0.0001), @entity209 (p=0.0011), @entity1144 (p<0.0001) and with antidepressant consumption (p=0.01), while @entity308 , @entity716 symptomatology, age of onset, illness duration, sociodemographic characteristics, current @entity286 or @entity835 status, @entity101 or high fasting @entity413 were not (all p>0.05). In a multivariate model, abnormal @entity1851 was associated with antidepressant consumption independently of other confounding variables (adjusted Odds Ratio=2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.22-6.62). @entity209 was also independently associated with abnormal @entity1851 (adjusted Odds Ratio=2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.01-6.71). CONCLUSION: Abnormal @entity1851 levels in @entity161 were found to be associated with antidepressant consumption, but not with @entity308 . The potential mechanisms were discussed. Antidepressant consumption should be systematically recorded in future studies exploring @entity32 in @entity161 . Future clinical trials of interventions directed at lowering the level of  @entity1851  and other inflammatory markers are discussed.

title: Peripheral sub- XXXX is associated with antidepressant consumption in @entity161 . Results from the multi-center FACE-SZ data set.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) who are in morphologic complete remission are typically considered separately from @entity1 with @entity66 (ie, >=  5% marrow blasts by morphology) in treatment algorithms for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), which implies distinct outcomes for these two groups. It is well recognized that the presence of @entity41 ( @entity41 ) at the time of transplantation is associated with adverse post-HCT outcome for those @entity1 in morphologic remission. This effect of pre-HCT @entity41 prompted us to compare outcomes in consecutive @entity1 in @entity41 -positive remission with @entity1 with active @entity3052 who underwent myeloablative allogeneic HCT at our institution. @entity1 AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied 359 consecutive adults with @entity3052 who underwent myeloablative allogeneic HCT from a peripheral blood or bone marrow donor between 2006 and 2014. Pre-HCT disease staging included 10-color multiparametric flow cytometry on bone marrow aspirates in all @entity1 . Any level of @entity66 was considered to be @entity41 positive. RESULTS: Three-year relapse estimates were 67% in 76 @entity1 in @entity41 and 65% in 48 @entity1 with active @entity3052 compared with 22% in 235 @entity1 in @entity41 -negative remission. Three-year overall survival estimates were 26%, 23%, and 73% in these three groups, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, @entity41 -negative remission status remained statistically significantly associated with longer overall and progression-free survival as well as lower risk of relapse compared with @entity41 status or having @entity66 , with similar outcomes between the latter two groups. CONCLUSION: The similarities in outcomes between @entity1 in @entity41 and those with @entity66 at the time of HCT support the use of treatment algorithms that use @entity41 - rather than morphology-based disease assessments.

title: Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for XXXX : Time to Move Toward a Minimal Residual Disease-Based Definition of Complete Remission?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease', 'active disease']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['MRD', 'MRD-positive morphologic remission', 'minimal residual disease']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['Acute Myeloid Leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine excess mortality in a cohort of @entity1 with @entity378 in Shanghai. METHODS: @entity1 were local residents in 4 (of 19) districts in Shanghai, registered in one of four @entity378 clinics between January  1, 2004 and December 31, 2008. Baseline data were collected at the most recent diagnosis of @entity378 and mortality was assessed between March and May of 2014. We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMR) and case-fatality rates for all @entity1 and for subgroups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to quantify associations between co-morbidities and mortality from all causes and from @entity378 . FINDINGS: We registered 4569 subjects in the cohort. Overall, the cohort had an SMR for deaths from all causes of 5.2 (95% confidence interval, CI: 4.8-5.6). Males had a higher SMR than females (6.1 versus 3.0). After adjustment for age and sex, hazard ratios (HR) for deaths from all causes were significantly greater in previously treated @entity1 (HR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.08-1.49) and sputum smear-test positive @entity1 (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.35-1.78). The risk of @entity204 from @entity378 was also significantly greater for previously treated @entity1 (HR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.24-2.86) and smear positive @entity1 (HR: 3.16; 95% CI: 2.06-4.87). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity378 in Shanghai have an increased risk of mortality. Earlier diagnosis and more vigilant follow-up may help to reduce mortality in this group.

title: XXXX -associated mortality in Shanghai, China: a longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['Tuberculosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Superficial @entity281 represent a significant amount of the dental problems that present to hospital. Determining whether an odontogenic swelling is a @entity2688 or abscess is difficult, but important as both may require different treatments. The use of an ultrasound may aid in differentiating @entity2688 and abscess. This study was done to compare the accuracy of clinical examination alone versus ultrasonography (USG) in the diagnosis of @entity2688 and abscess in symptomatic @entity1 with a diagnosis of superficial @entity281 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty @entity1 (1870 years) diagnosed as superficial @entity281 by clinical and radiographic examinations were included in the study and @entity1 with significant medical conditions were excluded. The provisional clinical diagnosis was made after a thorough history was taken and clinical examination was performed to determine if the swelling was a @entity2688 or abscess. @entity4 was then evaluated using the ultrasonic transducer which was placed over the swelling to aid the diagnosis which was again recorded. An incision and drainage procedure was performed after the administration of local anesthesia. The success of the ultrasound intervention versus clinical examination was based on whether frank exudation was detected during incision and drainage of such swellings. RESULTS: The statistical analysis found that USG is a valuable diagnostic aid for detection of abscess or @entity2688 in @entity135 . INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: The findings of this prospective analysis indicate that there was statistical difference between clinical examination alone and USG in making the correct diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, negative predictive, and accuracy were not similar for all methods tested. From the results of this study, ultrasound is recommended as an adjunct to clinical examination in differentiating between @entity2688 and abscess.

title: Evaluation of ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool in the management of XXXX : A clinical study.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck facial space infections']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['Swelling']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['facial space infection', 'facial space infections']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck facial space infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The behavior of salivary @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) during chronic irradiation exposure is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the response of @entity1358 to prolonged radiation exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 16 @entity95 and four controls were irradiated with either 10 Gy, 20 Gy, 30 Gy or 40 Gy (Gray units) of direct axial beam radiation. Parotid and submandibular glands were removed and examined using immunohistochemical double staining. Proliferating @entity1358 were semi-quantified using alpha smooth muscle actin antibodies and @entity12914 ( @entity12914 ) antibodies. RESULTS: @entity1358 proliferative activity increased after radiation in both submandibular (P = 0.037) and parotid groups (P = 0.006) compared to controls. @entity9236 was seen only in parotid glands which was almost dose-dependent. Mean percentage @entity1358 proliferation did not correlate with the clinical grading or recovery from oral @entity33 (P = 0.47). CONCLUSIONS: Parotid glands are more sensitive to radiation compared to submandibular glands. Further research is needed to determine the role of @entity1358 proliferative activity in response to radiation.

title: Proliferative Activity of Myoepithelial Cells in Irradiated XXXX Parotid and Submandibular Salivary Glands.

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['myoepithelial cells', 'MEC']

entities_list: @entity12914 :: ('100339381(Tax:9986)', 'Gene') :: ['PCNA', 'proliferating cell nuclear antigen']

entities_list: @entity9236 :: ('MESH:C565054', 'Disease') :: ['Hyper-proliferation']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['Rabbit']


abstract: Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is defined as a compression of the third portion of the duodenum by the abdominal aorta and the overlying SMA. @entity6029 associated with @entity1278 has been recognized, mainly among young female @entity1 . The excessive @entity353 owing to the @entity1277 sometimes results in a reduced aorto-mesenteric angle and causes @entity9727 . Conservative treatment, including @entity146 and nutritional management, is recommended as initial therapy. If conservative treatment fails, surgery is often required. Currently, traditional open bypass surgery has been replaced by laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy as a curative surgical approach. However, single incision laparoscopic approach is rarely performed. A 20-year-old female @entity1 with a @entity6029 was prepared for surgery after failed conservative management. As the @entity1 had body image concerns, a single incision laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy was performed to achieve minimal @entity2318 . As a result, good perioperative outcomes and cosmetic results were achieved. We show the first case of a young @entity1 with @entity6029 who was successfully treated by single incision laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy. This minimal invasive surgery would be beneficial for other @entity1 with @entity6029 associated with @entity1278 , in terms of both surgical and cosmetic outcomes.

title: Minimally invasive surgery for superior XXXX : A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity9727 :: ('MESH:D004380', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorder']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and SMA syndrome', 'SMA syndrome']

answer: @entity6029 :: (MESH:D013478,Disease) :: ['mesenteric artery syndrome']


abstract: Plasma concentrations of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), @entity8788 , glucagon, @entity413 , @entity1133 and free @entity1718 (FFA) were measured in Holstein @entity291 , yearlings, bred heifers and primiparous @entity291 , either sired by bulls with high predicted differences (PD) for milk (selection group) or by bulls from an unselected random bred control population (control group; n = 6). Serial blood samples were collected before and after feeding for an 8-h period from 0900 to 1700 h. All animals were fed a complete feed at 1100 h and administered @entity8788 (.6 IU/100 kg body weight) at 1400 h. Mean plasma PRL was greater in control animals after feeding and @entity8788 administration, while GH was greater overall in selection @entity291 . @entity8788 remained elevated longer in selection animals after exogenous administration, and plasma glucagon was increased in the control group. While plasma @entity413 and @entity1133 were unaffected by genetic group, plasma FFA were elevated in selection group @entity291 and primiparous @entity291 compared with the control group. All hormones and metabolites differed among the pre- and post-feeding and @entity8788 administration periods and also with age. Mean PRL and GH increased after feeding, while glucagon decreased after exogenous @entity8788 . Plasma FFA declined after feeding, while @entity1133 and @entity413 were similar before and after feeding. Mean PRL increased and glucagon decreased with advancing age and plasma GH and @entity8788 showed inverse relationships at different ages. Plasma FFA changes closely followed GH changes with age, while plasma @entity413 more closely followed @entity8788 changes with age. Results indicate that all hormones measured and FFA responded to genetic selection for milk, and increases in GH are uniformly associated with increased genetic potential for milk yield.

title: Influence of selection for milk yield on endogenous hormones and metabolites in Holstein heifers and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cows', 'cattle', 'calves']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The article deals with the results of combined treatment of @entity1 with @entity1151 by means of systemic thrombolytic therapy, anticoagulant therapy, and rheolytic thrombectomy during the period from 2012 to 2013. Thrombolytic therapy was used in 78 of 187 @entity1 with the confirmed diagnosis of @entity1151 (Group 1). The diagnosis was verified and therapeutic results were controlled by means of contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomography and perfusion scintigraphy. Thrombolysis was carried out using: tissue plasminogen activator - alteplase (61 cases) with administration of the full dose during 2 hours, streptokinase (14 cases) at a dose of 1.5 million IU in the mode of prolonged infusion during 24 hours and urokinase (3 cases) at a dose of 4400 IU/kg during 12 hours. 109 @entity1 were subjected to anticoagulant therapy (Group 2). Five @entity1 were subjected to rheolytic thrombectomy for desobstruction of the pulmonary artery. The method was used in @entity1 with previously performed ineffective or partially effective thrombolytic therapy, as well as in @entity1 with contraindications to thrombolysis. The lethality rate for TLT amounted to 5.4% and that for anticoagulant therapy 26.6%. Probability of a lethal outcome in Group 2 (anticoagulant therapy) turned out to be 6.71 times higher as compared with Group 1 (thrombolytic therapy). In all cases of using rheolytic thrombectomy we managed to achieve a decrease of the Miller index and systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery. @entity358 was complete in 3 cases. In two cases rheolytic thrombectomy was partially effective and the @entity1 underwent repeat thrombolysis with a good clinical outcome. Using systemic thrombolysis in @entity1 with @entity1151 demonstrated a positive effect on the prognosis of survival. Rheolytic thrombectomy contributed to improvement of the results of thrombolytic therapy and may be used as an alternative method of treatment.

title: [Use of thrombolytic therapy and rheolytic thrombectomy in treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Desobstruction of the pulmonary artery']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary artery thromboembolism', 'pulmonary thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary artery thromboembolism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Standard surgery alone was not able to decrease local recurrence (LR) rate below 20% in @entity5 treatment. Thus, many centers administered neoadjuvant radiotherapy (preopRTx) with or without concomitant chemotherapy for the prevention of LR. In this study, the results of 164 consecutive @entity1 with mid- and @entity5 who received surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (Group A) or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (Group NA) followed by surgery are presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The staging system used in this study is that of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), also known as the @entity2802 system. Eligible @entity1 were required to have radiologically assessed stage 1 (only T2N0M0) to stage 3C (T4bN1-2M0) @entity5 with pathologically confirmed R0 resection. The surgical method was @entity348 ( @entity348 ). Radiotherapy was applied with daily 180 cGy fractions for 28 consecutive days. Chemo-therapy comprised @entity1487 (450 mg/m(2)/d) and @entity4181 (20 mg/m(2)/d) bolus at days 1-5 and 29-33. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 (13%) in Group NA achieved pathologic complete response (pCR). In Group NA and Group A, locoregional recurrence (LRR) rates were 6.7% and 30.8%, (p<0.001), the mean LR-free survival was 190.0  7.3 months and 148.0  11.7 months (p=0.002) and the mean overall survival (OS) was 119.2  15.3 months and 103.0  9.4 months (p=0.23), respectively. A significant difference with regard to LR has been obtained with a statistical power of 0.92. Secondary outcome measures (DFS and OS) have not been met. CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with @entity348 is an efficient treatment protocol, particularly for the treatment of magnetic resonance imaging-staged 2A to 3C @entity1 with two or three @entity420 . Given that a considerable proportion of @entity1 with cT2N0M0 would develop pCR, this method of treatment can be considered for further studies.

title: Adjuvant versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in XXXX : Comparison of two decades in a single center.

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'distal rectal cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TME', 'total mesorectal excision']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['distal rectal adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['distal rectal cancer']


abstract: Most microbiome research related to @entity1030 has focused on the gut microbiome. This is despite advances in culture independent microbial identification techniques revealing that even healthy lungs possess a unique dynamic microbiome. This conceptual change raises the question; if @entity358 could be causally linked to local dysbiosis of the local lung microbiota. Here, we manipulate the @entity19 lung and gut microbiome, in order to show that the lung microbiota can be changed experimentally. We have used four different approaches: lung @entity32 by exposure to @entity505 nano-tube particles, oral probiotics and oral or intranasal exposure to the antibiotic @entity2176 . Bacterial DNA was extracted from broncho-alveolar and nasal lavage fluids, caecum samples and compared by DGGE. Our results show that: the lung microbiota is sex dependent and not just a reflection of the gut microbiota, and that induced @entity32 can change lung microbiota. This change is not transferred to offspring. Oral probiotics in adult @entity19 do not change lung microbiome detectible by DGGE. Nasal @entity2176 can change the lung microbiome preferentially, while oral exposure does not. These observations should be considered in future studies of the causal relationship between lung microbiota and @entity358 .

title: The @entity19 Lung Microbiome Changes During Lung Inflammation and Intranasal XXXX Treatment.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung diseases']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['airway diseases']

answer: @entity2176 :: (MESH:D014640,Chemical) :: ['Vancomycin']


abstract: Most microbiome research related to @entity1030 has focused on the gut microbiome. This is despite advances in culture independent microbial identification techniques revealing that even healthy lungs possess a unique dynamic microbiome. This conceptual change raises the question; if @entity358 could be causally linked to local dysbiosis of the local lung microbiota. Here, we manipulate the @entity19 lung and gut microbiome, in order to show that the lung microbiota can be changed experimentally. We have used four different approaches: lung @entity32 by exposure to @entity505 nano-tube particles, oral probiotics and oral or intranasal exposure to the antibiotic @entity2176 . Bacterial DNA was extracted from broncho-alveolar and nasal lavage fluids, caecum samples and compared by DGGE. Our results show that: the lung microbiota is sex dependent and not just a reflection of the gut microbiota, and that induced @entity32 can change lung microbiota. This change is not transferred to offspring. Oral probiotics in adult @entity19 do not change lung microbiome detectible by DGGE. Nasal @entity2176 can change the lung microbiome preferentially, while oral exposure does not. These observations should be considered in future studies of the causal relationship between lung microbiota and @entity358 .

title: The XXXX Lung Microbiome Changes During Lung Inflammation and Intranasal @entity2176 Treatment.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Murine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There are limited data regarding long-term outcomes of chronic @entity5327 (CMI) of the intestine. We sought to identify treatment outcomes of CMI. The NIS database was used to identify @entity1 admitted for the diagnosis of CMI between 2002 and 2012. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression was performed to quantify outcomes of CMI. A total of 160,889 @entity1 were admitted for @entity740 of intestine; of which 7,906 @entity1 underwent surgical/endovascular treatment for CMI. Among @entity1 who underwent surgery 62 per cent had endovascular treatment and 38 per cent had open vascular treatment. Need of open surgery (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 5.13, P < 0.01) and age >= 70 years (AOR: 3.41, P < 0.01) had strong associations with mortality of @entity1 . Open vascular treatment has higher mortality (AOR: 5.07, P < 0.01) and morbidity (AOR: 2.14, P < 0.01). However, endovascular treatment had higher risk of postoperative wound @entity1410 (AOR: 2.81, P < 0.01). Most @entity1 admitted for CMI are treated with endovascular treatment. Endovascular treatment has the advantage of lower mortality and morbidity. Need to open surgery and age >= 70 years have strong associations with mortality of @entity1 .

title: Early Outcome of Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric ischemia']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic vascular insufficiency']

answer: @entity5327 :: (MESH:D065666,Disease) :: ['Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a combined supplementation with @entity1760 , @entity4259 and @entity7447 on the morphology of the thyroid in @entity1 with benign diseases. The clinical examination and treatment approach aims additionally at treating @entity85 . METHODS: A group of 8 @entity1 (5 with @entity1378 , 3 with @entity1375 ) who initially attended a public institution received additional treatment at our private institution. The basic pharmacological treatment, i.e. substitution or thyreostatic, was kept unchanged. The inclusion of @entity1 required good quality ultrasound images to be available. RESULTS: Initially the changes of the musculoskeletal system were corrected. Following this, stress components were also treated. After a period of 2-4  years of supplementation we observed a normalization of thyroid morphology as evidenced on ultrasound while at the same time there was a reduction of perfusion intensity. Thyroid antibody titers decreased in the majority of cases. Failure of the treatment was seen in 2 cases of @entity10972 that was present for more than 10  years. The ultrasound images of these @entity1 suggest a possible @entity82 . CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the limitation due to the small number of cases, our observational study has delivered proof of concept for our examination and treatment model for @entity1374 . GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Our results challenge validity of the prevailing dogma of a destructive unstoppable "autoimmune" destructive process of the gland. At the same time it shows new therapeutic options for @entity1 with @entity1374 .

title: Proof of concept of the WOMED model of @entity1374 : Restitution of thyroid morphology after correction of physical and psychological stressors and XXXX supplementation.

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['benign thyroid disease', 'thyroid disease']

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium']

entities_list: @entity10972 :: ('MESH:C535842', 'Disease') :: ['chronic thyroiditis']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal and psychological stress']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1760 :: (MESH:D008274,Chemical) :: ['magnesium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a combined supplementation with @entity1760 , @entity4259 and @entity7447 on the morphology of the thyroid in @entity1 with benign diseases. The clinical examination and treatment approach aims additionally at treating @entity85 . METHODS: A group of 8 @entity1 (5 with @entity1378 , 3 with @entity1375 ) who initially attended a public institution received additional treatment at our private institution. The basic pharmacological treatment, i.e. substitution or thyreostatic, was kept unchanged. The inclusion of @entity1 required good quality ultrasound images to be available. RESULTS: Initially the changes of the musculoskeletal system were corrected. Following this, stress components were also treated. After a period of 2-4  years of supplementation we observed a normalization of thyroid morphology as evidenced on ultrasound while at the same time there was a reduction of perfusion intensity. Thyroid antibody titers decreased in the majority of cases. Failure of the treatment was seen in 2 cases of @entity10972 that was present for more than 10  years. The ultrasound images of these @entity1 suggest a possible @entity82 . CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the limitation due to the small number of cases, our observational study has delivered proof of concept for our examination and treatment model for @entity1374 . GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Our results challenge validity of the prevailing dogma of a destructive unstoppable "autoimmune" destructive process of the gland. At the same time it shows new therapeutic options for @entity1 with @entity1374 .

title: Proof of concept of the WOMED model of XXXX : Restitution of thyroid morphology after correction of physical and psychological stressors and @entity1760 supplementation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['benign thyroid disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity15835 ( @entity15835 ) is a life-threatening condition that can complicate @entity11533 ( @entity11533 ). Due to its rarity, there is no clear consensus concerning treatment recommendations and outcomes. We studied the clinical manifestations and outcomes of a relatively large cohort of @entity1 with @entity15835 and @entity11533 , and compared the data with the literature reports. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 7 adult @entity1 with @entity15835 complicating @entity11533 at the Cleveland Clinic (CCF) over 7 years. All @entity1 underwent bone marrow biopsies. Through MEDLINE and PubMed literature searches, we identified 48 cases of @entity15835 / @entity11533 . We compared the data of the CCF and literature cohorts. RESULTS: We identified 7 @entity1 with @entity15835 complicating @entity11533 (6 females and 1 males) for our CCF cohort, with 4 cases simultaneously presenting with @entity15835 and @entity11533 . The mean age at diagnosis of @entity15835 was 41.9    20.2 years and mean follow-up time was 18.6    16.0 months. All @entity1 had @entity221 , @entity4841 , and typical @entity1910 ; 6 had @entity491 , 4 had sore throat, and 3 had @entity3329 . These @entity1 with @entity11533 also had @entity15835 , with @entity177 and disseminated @entity5642 in 4, lung involvement in 3, and @entity11534 and shock in 2. There was significant @entity409 in all @entity1 and 6 had bi-cytopenias. At onset of @entity15835 , all 7 @entity1 had active @entity11533 . In addition to systemic glucocorticoids, 5 @entity1 received anakinra, with 3 @entity1 receiving combination therapy with @entity205 . We also identified 48 cases (35 females and 13 males) for the literature cohort with the mean age at diagnosis of @entity15835 of 40.2    16.0 years and mean follow-up time of 17.5    32.3 months. While the 2 cohorts were similar clinically, in the CCF cohort, more @entity1 had @entity177 (p < 0.001), higher soluble IL-2 receptor level (p = 0.01), and lower ESR (p = 0.02) as compared with the literature cohort. All of our @entity1 survived with a better outcome than the literature cohort. CONCLUSION: @entity15835 can be a serious complication of active @entity11533 . Our study of a relatively large cohort in conjunction with literature suggests that prompt recognition and treatment with early addition of anakinra, systemic glucocorticoids, and @entity205 as a triple regimen may improve clinical outcomes.

title: XXXX complicating @entity11533 : A single center case series and comparison with literature.

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity11533 :: ('MESH:D016706', 'Disease') :: ["adult onset Still's disease", 'AOSD']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity15835 :: ('MESH:D055501', 'Disease') :: ['Macrophage activation syndrome', 'MAS']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

answer: @entity15835 :: (MESH:D055501,Disease) :: ['Macrophage activation syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity15835 ( @entity15835 ) is a life-threatening condition that can complicate @entity11533 ( @entity11533 ). Due to its rarity, there is no clear consensus concerning treatment recommendations and outcomes. We studied the clinical manifestations and outcomes of a relatively large cohort of @entity1 with @entity15835 and @entity11533 , and compared the data with the literature reports. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 7 adult @entity1 with @entity15835 complicating @entity11533 at the Cleveland Clinic (CCF) over 7 years. All @entity1 underwent bone marrow biopsies. Through MEDLINE and PubMed literature searches, we identified 48 cases of @entity15835 / @entity11533 . We compared the data of the CCF and literature cohorts. RESULTS: We identified 7 @entity1 with @entity15835 complicating @entity11533 (6 females and 1 males) for our CCF cohort, with 4 cases simultaneously presenting with @entity15835 and @entity11533 . The mean age at diagnosis of @entity15835 was 41.9    20.2 years and mean follow-up time was 18.6    16.0 months. All @entity1 had @entity221 , @entity4841 , and typical @entity1910 ; 6 had @entity491 , 4 had sore throat, and 3 had @entity3329 . These @entity1 with @entity11533 also had @entity15835 , with @entity177 and disseminated @entity5642 in 4, lung involvement in 3, and @entity11534 and shock in 2. There was significant @entity409 in all @entity1 and 6 had bi-cytopenias. At onset of @entity15835 , all 7 @entity1 had active @entity11533 . In addition to systemic glucocorticoids, 5 @entity1 received anakinra, with 3 @entity1 receiving combination therapy with @entity205 . We also identified 48 cases (35 females and 13 males) for the literature cohort with the mean age at diagnosis of @entity15835 of 40.2    16.0 years and mean follow-up time of 17.5    32.3 months. While the 2 cohorts were similar clinically, in the CCF cohort, more @entity1 had @entity177 (p < 0.001), higher soluble IL-2 receptor level (p = 0.01), and lower ESR (p = 0.02) as compared with the literature cohort. All of our @entity1 survived with a better outcome than the literature cohort. CONCLUSION: @entity15835 can be a serious complication of active @entity11533 . Our study of a relatively large cohort in conjunction with literature suggests that prompt recognition and treatment with early addition of anakinra, systemic glucocorticoids, and @entity205 as a triple regimen may improve clinical outcomes.

title: @entity15835 complicating XXXX : A single center case series and comparison with literature.

answer: @entity11533 :: (MESH:D016706,Disease) :: ['adult onset Still's disease']