abstract: BACKGROUND: The coronary venous system (CVS) is linked to the origin of @entity943 (VAs). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and effective mapping/ablation strategies for idiopathic VAs mapped to the CVS. METHODS: Detailed activation and pace-mapping of the right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV), CVS, and aortic cusps was performed, followed by attempted catheter ablation. RESULTS: Forty-seven of 511 @entity1 with non-scar-related VAs (21 males, age 55    15) had earliest activation in the CVS, 39    18 ms before QRS. Twenty-five (53%) were in the great cardiac vein, 19 (40%) in the anterior interventricular vein, and 3 (7%) in the middle cardiac vein. We ablated inside CVS in 32 @entity1 (68%) at the earliest activation site, in 18 @entity1 at an adjacent CVS site, and in 14 @entity1 because of an inability to advance the catheter in 4, inadequate power delivery in 2, and for safer distance from the coronary artery in 8. Proximity to coronaries precluded ablation inside the CVS in the remaining 15 @entity1 (32%), who underwent ablation from adjacent left sinus of Valsalva, RV or LV endocardium, or LV epicardium. Success was achieved in 17 of 18 (94%) ablated at the earliest CVS site and in 16 of 29 (55%) ablated at adjacent CVS or non-CVS sites. CONCLUSION: Idiopathic VAs are occasionally (9%) linked to CVS. Although ablation at the earliest CVS site is effective, it is often (62%) precluded, mainly because of proximity to coronary arteries. Ablation at adjacent CVS and non-CVS sites can be successful in 55% of these anatomically challenging cases, for an overall ablation success rate of 70%.

title: XXXX from the coronary venous system: Prevalence, mapping, and ablation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic epicardial ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['Ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The circular nMARQ ablation catheter is a useful tool for @entity358 ( @entity358 ). Some studies reported a high incidence of esophageal lesions by using this catheter. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to compare the effects on the esophageal wall of bipolar and unipolar energy applied by the nMARQ ablation catheter during AF ablation. METHODS: Forty @entity1 (mean age 53    8 years; 26 [65%] @entity1 ) were enrolled to perform @entity358 for symptomatic @entity955 . Thirty @entity1 underwent @entity358 with the nMARQ catheter (group 1) and 10 @entity1 with the ThermoCool Surround Flow catheter (group 2). The procedures were performed with the CARTO3 system. All @entity1 received an esophageal temperature probe. In group 1, we delivered unipolar energy on the left posterior wall with power between 15 and 18 W or @entity162 with power at 15 W. In group 2, unipolar energy was delivered on the posterior atrial wall at 20-25 W power. All @entity1 underwent esophagoscopy the day after the procedure. RESULTS: No @entity1 had procedural complications. In group 1, @entity162 was associated with a lower esophageal temperature increase as compared with unipolar energy (0.6  C [range 0-2.2  C] vs 2.1  C [range 0.8-2.9  C]; P < .001). Unipolar energy was associated with a similar temperature increase in the 2 groups (1.9  C [range 0.8-2.9  C] in group 1 vs 1.7  C [range 0.7-2.9  C] in group 2; P = .49). No @entity1 had @entity1208 . CONCLUSION: The use of the nMARQ catheter for @entity358 is feasible and safe. The use of 15 W for @entity162 or 15-18 W for unipolar energy is an optimal strategy to avoid @entity1208 with this new catheter.

title: Ablation of @entity955 and XXXX : Role of bipolar and unipolar energy using a novel multipolar irrigated ablation catheter.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar energy']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal injury']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vein isolation', 'PVI']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity1208 :: (MESH:D004935,Disease) :: ['esophageal injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The circular nMARQ ablation catheter is a useful tool for @entity358 ( @entity358 ). Some studies reported a high incidence of esophageal lesions by using this catheter. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to compare the effects on the esophageal wall of bipolar and unipolar energy applied by the nMARQ ablation catheter during AF ablation. METHODS: Forty @entity1 (mean age 53    8 years; 26 [65%] @entity1 ) were enrolled to perform @entity358 for symptomatic @entity955 . Thirty @entity1 underwent @entity358 with the nMARQ catheter (group 1) and 10 @entity1 with the ThermoCool Surround Flow catheter (group 2). The procedures were performed with the CARTO3 system. All @entity1 received an esophageal temperature probe. In group 1, we delivered unipolar energy on the left posterior wall with power between 15 and 18 W or @entity162 with power at 15 W. In group 2, unipolar energy was delivered on the posterior atrial wall at 20-25 W power. All @entity1 underwent esophagoscopy the day after the procedure. RESULTS: No @entity1 had procedural complications. In group 1, @entity162 was associated with a lower esophageal temperature increase as compared with unipolar energy (0.6  C [range 0-2.2  C] vs 2.1  C [range 0.8-2.9  C]; P < .001). Unipolar energy was associated with a similar temperature increase in the 2 groups (1.9  C [range 0.8-2.9  C] in group 1 vs 1.7  C [range 0.7-2.9  C] in group 2; P = .49). No @entity1 had @entity1208 . CONCLUSION: The use of the nMARQ catheter for @entity358 is feasible and safe. The use of 15 W for @entity162 or 15-18 W for unipolar energy is an optimal strategy to avoid @entity1208 with this new catheter.

title: Ablation of XXXX and @entity1208 : Role of bipolar and unipolar energy using a novel multipolar irrigated ablation catheter.

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of a @entity7207 in the absence of an obvious extrauterine embryo. METHODS: This was a systematic review conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement and registered with PROSPERO. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library for relevant citations from database inception to July 2014. Studies were selected in a two-stage process and their data extracted by two reviewers. Accuracy measures were calculated for each ultrasound sign, i.e. empty uterus, @entity4134 and free fluid in the pouch of Douglas, alone and in various combinations. Individual study estimates were plotted in summary receiver-operating characteristics curves and forest plots for examination of heterogeneity. The quality of included studies was assessed. RESULTS: Thirty-one studies including 5858 @entity1 were selected from 19,959 citations. Following meta-analysis, an empty uterus on ultrasound was found to predict an ectopic pregnancy with a sensitivity of 81.1% (95%   CI, 42.1-96.2%) and specificity of 79.5% (95%   CI, 68.9-87.1%). The corresponding performance of the @entity4134 and free fluid were: 5.5% (95%   CI, 3.3-9.0%) and 94.2% (95%   CI, 75.9-98.8%); 63.5% (95%   CI, 48.5-76.3%) and 91.4% (95%   CI, 83.6-95.7%); and 47.2% (95%   CI, 33.2-61.7%) and 92.3% (95%   CI, 85.6-96.0%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Visualization of an empty uterus, @entity4134 , free fluid or a pseudosac has poor sensitivity for the diagnosis of a tubal pregnancy when an obvious extrauterine embryo is absent, but it has good specificity. We can therefore infer that ultrasound is more useful for 'ruling in' a tubal pregnancy than 'ruling out' one. However, the findings were limited by the poor quality of some included studies and heterogeneity in the index test and reference standard.

title: Accuracy of first-trimester ultrasound in diagnosis of XXXX in the absence of an obvious extrauterine embryo: systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity7207 :: ('MESH:D011274', 'Disease') :: ['tubal ectopic pregnancy']

entities_list: @entity4134 :: ('MESH:D000292', 'Disease') :: ['adnexal mass', 'pseudosac, adnexal mass']

answer: @entity7207 :: (MESH:D011274,Disease) :: ['tubal ectopic pregnancy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Protease inhibitors (PI) including boceprevir, telaprevir and simeprevir have revolutionised @entity3531 genotype 1 treatment since their introduction. A number of pre-treatment resistance associated amino acid variants (RAVs) and polymorphisms have been associated with reduced response to treatment. OBJECTIVES: We measured the prevalence of RAVs/polymorphisms in a PI treatment-na  ve @entity3531 genotype 1 Scottish cohort using Sanger sequencing. STUDY DESIGN: Chronically infected, treatment-na  ve, @entity3531 genotype 1 @entity1 (n=146) attending NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde clinics were investigated for RAVs/polymorphisms to the PIs boceprevir, telaprevir and simeprevir. The @entity984 /4A region was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction. The 1.4kb amplified product was sequenced using an ABI 3710XL DNA sequencer. Sequence analysis was performed using web-based ReCall ( @entity2263 .10). Amino acid positions 36, 41, 43, 54, 55, 80, 109, 122, 155, 156, 168 and 170 were analysed for RAVs/polymorphisms. RESULTS: Overall, 23.29% (34/146) of @entity1 had an RAV or polymorphism detected. Overall, 13.69% (20/146) of @entity1 had @entity3531 virus that contained the Q8 K polymorphism. Other RAVs detected were: @entity71629 0.70% (1/146), @entity71630 0.70% (1/146), @entity71631 6.85% (10/146), @entity71632 3.42% (5/146) and V/ @entity71633 0.68% (1/146). Four @entity1 had dual combinations of mutations ( @entity71631 + @entity71630 ; @entity71631 + @entity71632 and 2 @entity1 with @entity71631 + @entity71634 ). CONCLUSIONS: @entity71634 was the most prevalent baseline polymorphism detected in the Scottish cohort. Simeprevir treatment is not recommended in @entity1 infected with the @entity71634 genotype 1a variant. This highlights the need for baseline sequencing prior to administration of this drug in this population.

title: Prevalence of XXXX @entity984 pre-treatment resistance associated amino acid variants within a Scottish cohort.

entities_list: @entity71630 :: ('p|SUB|V|36|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V36L']

entities_list: @entity71632 :: ('p|SUB|V|55|A', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V55A']

entities_list: @entity71634 :: ('p|SUB|Q|80|K', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Q80K']

entities_list: @entity71629 :: ('p|SUB|V|36|M', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V36 M']

entities_list: @entity71631 :: ('p|SUB|T|54|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['T54S']

answer: @entity3531 :: (11096,Species) :: ['HCV']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Protease inhibitors (PI) including boceprevir, telaprevir and simeprevir have revolutionised @entity3531 genotype 1 treatment since their introduction. A number of pre-treatment resistance associated amino acid variants (RAVs) and polymorphisms have been associated with reduced response to treatment. OBJECTIVES: We measured the prevalence of RAVs/polymorphisms in a PI treatment-na  ve @entity3531 genotype 1 Scottish cohort using Sanger sequencing. STUDY DESIGN: Chronically infected, treatment-na  ve, @entity3531 genotype 1 @entity1 (n=146) attending NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde clinics were investigated for RAVs/polymorphisms to the PIs boceprevir, telaprevir and simeprevir. The @entity984 /4A region was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction. The 1.4kb amplified product was sequenced using an ABI 3710XL DNA sequencer. Sequence analysis was performed using web-based ReCall ( @entity2263 .10). Amino acid positions 36, 41, 43, 54, 55, 80, 109, 122, 155, 156, 168 and 170 were analysed for RAVs/polymorphisms. RESULTS: Overall, 23.29% (34/146) of @entity1 had an RAV or polymorphism detected. Overall, 13.69% (20/146) of @entity1 had @entity3531 virus that contained the Q8 K polymorphism. Other RAVs detected were: @entity71629 0.70% (1/146), @entity71630 0.70% (1/146), @entity71631 6.85% (10/146), @entity71632 3.42% (5/146) and V/ @entity71633 0.68% (1/146). Four @entity1 had dual combinations of mutations ( @entity71631 + @entity71630 ; @entity71631 + @entity71632 and 2 @entity1 with @entity71631 + @entity71634 ). CONCLUSIONS: @entity71634 was the most prevalent baseline polymorphism detected in the Scottish cohort. Simeprevir treatment is not recommended in @entity1 infected with the @entity71634 genotype 1a variant. This highlights the need for baseline sequencing prior to administration of this drug in this population.

title: Prevalence of @entity3531 XXXX pre-treatment resistance associated amino acid variants within a Scottish cohort.

answer: @entity984 :: (3845,Gene) :: ['NS3']


abstract: AIMS: Analysis of pre-operative spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) characteristics of full-thickness macular holes (FTMH) and effect on optimum management. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed SD-OCT characteristics of a consecutive cohort of @entity1 waitlisted for FTMH surgery and categorized them by current evidence-based treatments. RESULTS: Out of the 106 holes analysed, 36 were small, 40 medium and 30 large. Initially, 33 holes had @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ). 41 holes were analysed for change in characteristics with a median duration of 8 weeks between the scans. The number of small or medium holes decreased from 20 to 6 and that of large holes doubled. The number of holes with @entity1104 halved. Smaller hole size (p = 0.014) and being phakic (p = 0.048) were associated with a larger increase in size. The strongest predictor of hole progression into a different surgical management category was the presence of @entity1104 . CONCLUSION: FTMH characteristics can change significantly pre-operatively and affect optimal treatment choice.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: The Case Mix of XXXX Presenting with Full-Thickness Macular Holes and Progression before Surgery: Implications for Optimum Management.

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['VMA', 'vitreomacular adhesion']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Histopathological variation has been demonstrated in grade 3 @entity4348 . We attempted to evaluate the clinicopathological features of grade 3 @entity5 by endometrial cytological features using a scoring system. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-one endometrial cytological samples were evaluated using 5 cytological features: rates of cluster formation in @entity5 cells; nuclear pleomorphism; nuclear dimension; size of nucleoli, and chromatin structure and distribution. The relationships between cytological scores and clinicopathological factors or prognosis were investigated. RESULTS: The median cytological score was 6 (range 4-14); therefore, samples with scores of 4-5 were defined as having low scores, while those with scores of 6-14 were defined as high scores. The accuracy of the cytological diagnosis for grade 3 @entity5 in the high score group (8/10 @entity1 , 80.0%) was significantly higher than that of the low score group (2/11 @entity1 , 18.2%; p = 0.009). Significant relationships between cytological scores and lymph node @entity3 or positive peritoneal cytology were observed (p = 0.03 and 0.035, respectively). The overall survival rate was significantly worse in the high score group (30.0%) than the low score group (88.9%; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Grade 3 @entity4348 varied in cytological features; according to the scoring system used, high scores were associated with worse clinicopathological factors and poorer prognosis than low scores.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Cytological Scoring and Prognosis of Poorly Differentiated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity4348 :: (MESH:D018269,Disease) :: ['Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This retrospective cohort study evaluated whether @entity3329 ( @entity3329 ) therapy increases the risk of recurrence of @entity0 . METHODS: We analyzed 1,106 @entity1 who were diagnosed with stage 0-3 @entity0 between 2007 and 2011 and experienced remission after surgery and adjuvant therapy. The @entity1 were divided into two groups: group A (n=996), in which @entity1 did not participate in any @entity3329 therapy, regardless of whether they developed @entity0 ( @entity0 ) after @entity5 treatment; and group B (n=110), in which @entity1 participated in @entity3329 therapy for @entity0 . All @entity1 were monitored until October 2013 to determine whether @entity0 recurrence developed, including local or regional recurrence and distant @entity3 . @entity1 who developed @entity5 recurrence prior to @entity3329 therapy were excluded from analysis. Risk factors associated with @entity5 recurrence were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: During the monitoring period, 166 @entity1 (15.0%) developed @entity5 recurrence, including 154 (15.5%) in group A and 12 (10.9%) in group B. The median period from surgery to @entity5 recurrence was 1.85 (interquartile range 1.18-2.93) years. Independent risk factors for @entity5 recurrence were @entity5 histological grading of grade 3, high number (>= 3) of axillary lymph node invasion, and a large @entity5 size (>5 cm). Factors protecting against recurrence were positive @entity7273 status and receiving radiation therapy. Receiving @entity3329 therapy was not an outcome factor in multivariate analyses (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.39-1.29, P=0.259). CONCLUSION: @entity3329 is a gentle procedure that does not increase the risk of @entity0 recurrence in @entity1 who develop @entity0 .

title: Risk of @entity0 recurrence in @entity1 receiving XXXX : a hospital-based cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['MLD', 'manual lymphatic drainage']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast cancer-related lymphedema', 'BCRL']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity7273 :: ('5241', 'Gene') :: ['progesterone receptor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3329 :: (MESH:D008206,Disease) :: ['manual lymphatic drainage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This retrospective cohort study evaluated whether @entity3329 ( @entity3329 ) therapy increases the risk of recurrence of @entity0 . METHODS: We analyzed 1,106 @entity1 who were diagnosed with stage 0-3 @entity0 between 2007 and 2011 and experienced remission after surgery and adjuvant therapy. The @entity1 were divided into two groups: group A (n=996), in which @entity1 did not participate in any @entity3329 therapy, regardless of whether they developed @entity0 ( @entity0 ) after @entity5 treatment; and group B (n=110), in which @entity1 participated in @entity3329 therapy for @entity0 . All @entity1 were monitored until October 2013 to determine whether @entity0 recurrence developed, including local or regional recurrence and distant @entity3 . @entity1 who developed @entity5 recurrence prior to @entity3329 therapy were excluded from analysis. Risk factors associated with @entity5 recurrence were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: During the monitoring period, 166 @entity1 (15.0%) developed @entity5 recurrence, including 154 (15.5%) in group A and 12 (10.9%) in group B. The median period from surgery to @entity5 recurrence was 1.85 (interquartile range 1.18-2.93) years. Independent risk factors for @entity5 recurrence were @entity5 histological grading of grade 3, high number (>= 3) of axillary lymph node invasion, and a large @entity5 size (>5 cm). Factors protecting against recurrence were positive @entity7273 status and receiving radiation therapy. Receiving @entity3329 therapy was not an outcome factor in multivariate analyses (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.39-1.29, P=0.259). CONCLUSION: @entity3329 is a gentle procedure that does not increase the risk of @entity0 recurrence in @entity1 who develop @entity0 .

title: Risk of XXXX recurrence in @entity1 receiving @entity3329 : a hospital-based cohort study.

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This retrospective cohort study evaluated whether @entity3329 ( @entity3329 ) therapy increases the risk of recurrence of @entity0 . METHODS: We analyzed 1,106 @entity1 who were diagnosed with stage 0-3 @entity0 between 2007 and 2011 and experienced remission after surgery and adjuvant therapy. The @entity1 were divided into two groups: group A (n=996), in which @entity1 did not participate in any @entity3329 therapy, regardless of whether they developed @entity0 ( @entity0 ) after @entity5 treatment; and group B (n=110), in which @entity1 participated in @entity3329 therapy for @entity0 . All @entity1 were monitored until October 2013 to determine whether @entity0 recurrence developed, including local or regional recurrence and distant @entity3 . @entity1 who developed @entity5 recurrence prior to @entity3329 therapy were excluded from analysis. Risk factors associated with @entity5 recurrence were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: During the monitoring period, 166 @entity1 (15.0%) developed @entity5 recurrence, including 154 (15.5%) in group A and 12 (10.9%) in group B. The median period from surgery to @entity5 recurrence was 1.85 (interquartile range 1.18-2.93) years. Independent risk factors for @entity5 recurrence were @entity5 histological grading of grade 3, high number (>= 3) of axillary lymph node invasion, and a large @entity5 size (>5 cm). Factors protecting against recurrence were positive @entity7273 status and receiving radiation therapy. Receiving @entity3329 therapy was not an outcome factor in multivariate analyses (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.39-1.29, P=0.259). CONCLUSION: @entity3329 is a gentle procedure that does not increase the risk of @entity0 recurrence in @entity1 who develop @entity0 .

title: Risk of @entity0 recurrence in XXXX receiving @entity3329 : a hospital-based cohort study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this study we used cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) labeled with a @entity2862 -19 (19F) agent. 19F-MRI offers unambiguous detection and in vivo quantification of labeled cells. METHODS: We investigated two common stem cell transplant @entity19 models: an immune competent, syngeneic transplant model and an immune compromised, xenograft transplant model. 19F labelled stem cells were implanted intramuscularly into the hindlimb of healthy @entity19 . The transplant was then monitored for up to 17 days using 19F-MRI, after which the tissue was excised for fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemisty. RESULTS: Immediately following transplantation, 19F-MRI quantification correlated very well with the expected cell number in both models. The 19F signal decreased over time in both models, with a more rapid decrease in the syngeneic model. By endpoint, only 2/7 syngeneic @entity19 had any detectable 19F signal. In the xenograft model, all @entity19 had detectable signal at endpoint. Fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry were used to show that the 19F signal was related to the presence of bystander labeled macrophages, and not original MSC. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that 19F-MRI is an excellent tool for verifying the delivery of therapeutic cells early after transplantation. However, in certain circumstances the transfer of cellular label to other bystander cells may confuse interpretation of the long-term fate of the transplanted cells.

title: Tracking the Fate of Stem Cell Implants with XXXX -19 MRI.

entities_list: @entity2862 :: ('MESH:D005461', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorine']

answer: @entity2862 :: (MESH:D005461,Chemical) :: ['Fluorine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) is associated with an increased risk for medical comorbidities that may prevent participation in psychotherapy. The present study investigated whether medical comorbidities were associated with lower initiation rates and fewer psychotherapy visits for @entity1005 . Because @entity1 are more likely to initiate psychotherapy after traumatic events, we also assessed whether relationships were weaker among @entity1 . METHODS: Veterans (N=482, 47% @entity1 ) recently diagnosed with @entity1005 completed a survey assessing demographics, mood, functional status, and interest in treatment. Data on medical comorbidities, psychotherapy visits, antidepressant prescriptions, and service connection were assessed longitudinally through administrative files. Logistic and negative binomial regressions assessed associations between number of medical comorbidities in the 2 years before the survey and the initiation and number of psychotherapy visits for @entity1005 in the year after the survey. All analyses were stratified by sex and controlled for survey and administrative variables. RESULTS: The relationship between medical comorbidities and number of psychotherapy visits was stronger among @entity1 than among @entity1 . A greater number of medical comorbidities was associated with significantly fewer psychotherapy visits in the total sample [incidence rate ratio: 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83, 1.00] and among @entity1 (incidence rate ratio: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.99), but not among @entity1 (95% CI: 0.75, 1.01). Medical comorbidities were not associated with the initiation of psychotherapy among @entity1 or @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Addressing medical comorbidities may help individuals remain in psychotherapy for @entity1005 . Medical comorbidities may play a larger role in the number of psychotherapy visits among @entity1 than @entity1 .

title: The Effect of Medical Comorbidities on Male and Female Veterans' Use of Psychotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['PTSD', 'Posttraumatic stress disorder']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['PTSD']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ultrasound (US) is widely used in rheumatology to study and guide injection of peripheral joints. It can also provide useful information about the anatomy of the lumbar spine. Studies have shown that US examination of the spine was a useful tool to help perform epidural anaesthesia. The purpose of the study was to determine if the selection of the optimum puncture level by US may facilitate epidural @entity134 injection in case of presumed difficult puncture (BMI>30kg/m(2), age>60years or @entity1635 ). METHODS: We performed a prospective randomized controlled study. Eighty @entity1 were randomized in two groups: US group (n=40) which underwent a pre-procedure spinal US to determine the optimal lumbar level for injection or control group (n=40) for which the level of injection was determined by palpation. Primary endpoint was the @entity158 during the procedure assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). RESULTS: We found a positive correlation between depth of the epidural space and BMI (P<0.001) and a negative correlation between size of the interspinous spaces and age (P<0.01). Visibility of the epidural space was not altered by @entity28 or age. We observed a trend toward a reduction in @entity158 intensity during the procedure in the US group compared to the control group with a mean difference at -0.94 [-1.90; 0.02] but the difference was not significant (P=0.054). CONCLUSION: US of the lumbar spine was feasible in @entity1 with lumbar conditions even in @entity28 and old ones and allowed the visualization of the epidural space. However, pre-procedure US examination did not reduce @entity158 during the procedure.

title: Usefulness of a pre-procedure ultrasound scanning of the lumbar spine before epidural injection in XXXX with a presumed difficult puncture: A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical diagnosis and preoperative management of @entity10470 . METHODS: A total of 24 cases with @entity10470 underwent surgery from 2003 to 2013 were reviewed. The clinical and imaging features, treatment and prognosis were retrospectively evaluated. Five of the 24 @entity1 were males and 19 were females. Twenty-three cases were benign and one case was malignant. Seven of the 24 @entity1 had @entity5 . RESULTS: Nineteen of twenty-four @entity1 underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and @entity432 ( @entity432 ) test, and one case of them was positive in the test. Twenty-three benign case were treated with operation. The malignant one treat with biopsy. Three cases underwent resection of @entity5 with both the internal and external carotid arteries without carotid reconstruction, and none of the three @entity1 died or presented with @entity1158 after operation. Twenty-three benign cases were followed up for 6-122 months, the median was 75 months. The malignant @entity1 died 6 months after operation. CONCLUSION: @entity432 and DSA are reliable and practical methods to determine the safety of carotid ligation and can be used as routine preoperative examinations.

title: [Clinical analysis of 24 cases of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['temporary balloon occlusion', 'TBO']

entities_list: @entity10470 :: ('MESH:D002345', 'Disease') :: ['carotid body tumors', 'carotid body tumor']

answer: @entity10470 :: (MESH:D002345,Disease) :: ['carotid body tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Heat is a sign and symptom of @entity6081 in wound assessment criteria but there is currently no diagnostic tool being used in clinical practice to assess the skin temperature of surgical wounds. Using thermal imaging, the objective of this study was to map the temperature of the healing surgical wound and to provide confirmatory data of: a) optimum IR imaging distance from skin temperature target field of view (FOV) b) body composition effects on abdominal skin surface temperature readings c) thermal mapping characteristics of @entity281 wounds post stoma-closure. METHOD: The abdominal skin surface temperature of healthy, afebrile subjects was measured under controlled, ambient conditions in a small (240cm x 320cm) clinical room. Subject standing positions were 30cm, 60cm and 100cm from the IR camera. Abdominal skin surface temperature and thermal imaging maps were acquired in a population of surgical @entity1 before and after closure of enterostoma. RESULTS: Subjects (30) aged 19-52 (median=29) years were recruited. At a distance of 100cm, each of nine anatomical regions showed a decrease in mean temperature as BMI increased. Subjects with BMI >25 had lower mean abdominal temperatures. Statistically significant differences were observed for right hypochondrium (p=0.022), left lumbar region (p=0.009), right lumbar region (p=0.010) and the umbilical region (p=0.021). Half of @entity1 (5/10) developed @entity6081 . CONCLUSION: Within the operating distances investigated, no significant effect on abdominal temperature readings was observed. With increasing BMI, lower abdominal temperatures were noted. The thermal pattern of abdominal surgical wounds reveals some differences between the healing and infected wound. Healing wounds showed changes in the thermal 'map'; an increase in temperature on the first post-operative day, and 'warming' over the subsequent five days. 'Cold spots' emerged on the thermogram of the surgical wounds which subsequently were shown to be infected. Within the setting of a clinical environment, distances up to 100cm did not significantly alter skin temperature readings within the FOV. There is a suggestion that body composition influences skin temperature. @entity6081 appear 'colder' than healing wounds. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: The authors have no conflict or interest. The work was supported by a grant from the SingHealth Foundation.

title: Thermographic mapping of the abdomen in healthy subjects and XXXX after enterostoma.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infected versus non-infected']

entities_list: @entity6081 :: ('MESH:D013530', 'Disease') :: ['Infected surgical wounds', 'surgical wound infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the efficacy of greater occipital nerve (GON) blockade at @entity2704 ( @entity2704 ) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity2704 were randomly divided into two groups of 42. GON blockade was administered four times (once per week) with saline in group A or bupivacaine in group B. After 4  weeks of treatment, blinding was removed; in group A, GON blockade was achieved using bupivacaine, while group B continued to receive bupivacaine, and blockade was administered once per month, then followed for 2  months. Primary endpoint was the difference in number of @entity10 days, duration of @entity10 , and @entity158 scores. RESULTS: Seventy-two of 84 @entity1 completed the study. After 1  month of treatment, number of @entity10 days had decreased from 16.9      5.7 to 13.2      6.7 in group A (P  =  0.035) and from 18.1      5.3 to 8.8      4.8 in group B (P  <  0.001), (P  =  0.004, between groups); duration of @entity10 (hour) had decreased from 24.2      13.7 to 21.2      13.4 in group A (P  =  0.223) and from 25.9      16.3 to 19.3      11.5 in group B (P  <  0.001), (P  =  0.767, between groups). VAS score decreased from 8.1      0.9 to 6.7      1.6 in group A (P  =  0.002) and from 8.4      1.5 to 5.3      2.1 in group B (P  <  0.001), (P  =  0.004, between groups). After blinding was removed (in 2nd and 3rd month), group A exhibited similar results like group B in 3rd month. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that GON blockade with bupivacaine was superior to placebo and was found to be effective, safe, and cost-effective for the treatment of @entity2704 . According to our knowledge, this is the first randomized, multicentre, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study in the literature in this field of work.

title: Greater occipital nerve blockade for the treatment of XXXX : a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['CM', 'chronic migraine']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['chronic migraine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ) is associated with a reduction in the numbers of nephrons in neonates, which increases the risk of @entity101 . Our previous study showed that @entity7832 protects the development of the embryonic kidney during @entity1592 . To explore this molecular mechanism, @entity1592 @entity35 were induced by protein and calorie restriction throughout pregnancy, and @entity7832 was delivered using a mini osmotic pump. RNA sequencing technology was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the @entity8 . DEGs were submitted to the Database for Annotation and Visualization and Integrated Discovery, and gene ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted. @entity3147 significantly reduced fetal weight, but @entity7832 treatment had no significant effect on body weight. A total of 322 (177 upregulated and 145 downregulated) DEGs were detected between control and the @entity1592 group. Meanwhile, 318 DEGs were found to be differentially expressed (180 increased and 138 decreased) between the @entity1592 group and the @entity7832 -treated group. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that maternal undernutrition mainly disrupts the complement and coagulation cascades and the @entity460 signaling pathway, which could be protected by @entity7832 treatment. Taken together, these two biological pathways may play an important role in nephrogenesis, indicating potential novel therapeutic targets against the unfavorable effects of @entity1592 .

title: XXXX rescues @entity35 nephrogenesis during intrauterine growth restriction by regulating the complement and coagulation cascades and @entity460 signaling pathway.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic kidneys']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['IUGR', 'Intrauterine growth restriction']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['Maternal malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity7832 :: (MESH:D010042,Chemical) :: ['Ouabain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ) is associated with a reduction in the numbers of nephrons in neonates, which increases the risk of @entity101 . Our previous study showed that @entity7832 protects the development of the embryonic kidney during @entity1592 . To explore this molecular mechanism, @entity1592 @entity35 were induced by protein and calorie restriction throughout pregnancy, and @entity7832 was delivered using a mini osmotic pump. RNA sequencing technology was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the @entity8 . DEGs were submitted to the Database for Annotation and Visualization and Integrated Discovery, and gene ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted. @entity3147 significantly reduced fetal weight, but @entity7832 treatment had no significant effect on body weight. A total of 322 (177 upregulated and 145 downregulated) DEGs were detected between control and the @entity1592 group. Meanwhile, 318 DEGs were found to be differentially expressed (180 increased and 138 decreased) between the @entity1592 group and the @entity7832 -treated group. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that maternal undernutrition mainly disrupts the complement and coagulation cascades and the @entity460 signaling pathway, which could be protected by @entity7832 treatment. Taken together, these two biological pathways may play an important role in nephrogenesis, indicating potential novel therapeutic targets against the unfavorable effects of @entity1592 .

title: @entity7832 rescues @entity35 nephrogenesis during intrauterine growth restriction by regulating the complement and coagulation cascades and XXXX signaling pathway.

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ) is associated with a reduction in the numbers of nephrons in neonates, which increases the risk of @entity101 . Our previous study showed that @entity7832 protects the development of the embryonic kidney during @entity1592 . To explore this molecular mechanism, @entity1592 @entity35 were induced by protein and calorie restriction throughout pregnancy, and @entity7832 was delivered using a mini osmotic pump. RNA sequencing technology was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the @entity8 . DEGs were submitted to the Database for Annotation and Visualization and Integrated Discovery, and gene ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted. @entity3147 significantly reduced fetal weight, but @entity7832 treatment had no significant effect on body weight. A total of 322 (177 upregulated and 145 downregulated) DEGs were detected between control and the @entity1592 group. Meanwhile, 318 DEGs were found to be differentially expressed (180 increased and 138 decreased) between the @entity1592 group and the @entity7832 -treated group. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that maternal undernutrition mainly disrupts the complement and coagulation cascades and the @entity460 signaling pathway, which could be protected by @entity7832 treatment. Taken together, these two biological pathways may play an important role in nephrogenesis, indicating potential novel therapeutic targets against the unfavorable effects of @entity1592 .

title: @entity7832 rescues XXXX nephrogenesis during intrauterine growth restriction by regulating the complement and coagulation cascades and @entity460 signaling pathway.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Basal cell @entity652 and @entity420 show marked histomorphologic similarity and are separated microscopically primarily by the invasive characteristics of the @entity420 . We wished to explore potential differences in the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition associated proteins in these two @entity5 types. A tissue microarray was constructed utilizing 29 basal cell @entity652 and 16 @entity420 . Immunohistochemical expression of @entity5962 , @entity3546 , @entity8945 and @entity2277 were investigated. Both @entity5 expressed all proteins in a relatively similar manner. Nuclear @entity3546 was essentially limited to the abluminal cell populations in both @entity5 types. @entity5962 was limited largely to luminal locations but was more prevalent in the @entity420 as compared to the @entity652 . Primarily abluminal expression for @entity2277 was seen, sometimes present in an apical dot-like pattern. Distinct populations of cellular expression of these four markers of epithelial mesenchymal transition were present but were similar in locations in both @entity5 with no patterns discerned to separate basal cell adenoma from @entity420 . Given these findings, the mechanisms by which @entity420 is able to invade while its counterpart, basal cell adenoma can not, may be more complex than in other @entity5 types.

title: Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Protein Expression in Basal Cell XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'basal cell adenocarcinomas', 'basal cell adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity652 :: (MESH:D000236,Disease) :: ['Adenomas and Basal Cell Adenocarcinomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in @entity14 mortality in 34 European countries between 1970 and 2011. DESIGN: Retrospective trend analysis. DATA SOURCE: World Health Organization mortality database. POPULATION: Deaths from @entity14 between 1970 and 2011. Profound changes in screening and treatment efficiency took place after 1988; therefore, particular attention was paid to the evolution of @entity14 mortality in the subsequent period. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Time trends in rates of @entity14 mortality, using joinpoint regression analysis. Rates were age adjusted using the standard European population. RESULTS: From 1989 to 2011, @entity14 mortality increased by a median of 6.0% for @entity1 and decreased by a median of 14.7% for @entity1 in the 34 European countries. Reductions in @entity14 mortality of more than 25% in @entity1 and 30% in @entity1 occurred in Austria, Switzerland, Germany, the United Kingdom, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Luxembourg, and Ireland. By contrast, mortality rates fell by less than 17% in the Netherlands and Sweden for both sexes. Over the same period, smaller or no declines occurred in most central European countries. Substantial mortality increases occurred in Croatia, the former Yugoslav republic of Macedonia, and Romania for both sexes and in most eastern European countries for @entity1 . In countries with decreasing mortality, reductions were more important for @entity1 of all ages and @entity1 younger than 65 years. In the 27 European Union member states, @entity14 mortality fell by 13.0% in @entity1 and 27.0% in @entity1 , compared with corresponding reductions of 39.8% and 38.8% in the United States. CONCLUSION: Over the past 40 years, there has been considerable disparity in the level of @entity14 mortality between European countries, as well as between @entity1 and @entity1 and age categories. Countries with the largest reductions in @entity14 mortality are characterised by better accessibility to screening services, especially endoscopic screening, and specialised care.

title: Trends in XXXX mortality in Europe: retrospective analysis of the WHO mortality database.

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: We present the results of the Spanish Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillator Registry for 2014, as compiled by the Electrophysiology and @entity943 Section of the Spanish Society of Cardiology. METHODS: Data collection sheets were voluntarily completed by each implantation team and prospectively sent to the Spanish Society of Cardiology. RESULTS: The number of reported implantations was 4911 (82% of the estimated total number of implantations). The implantation rate was 106 per million population while the estimated rate was 128. First implantations comprised 72.2%. Data were obtained from 162 hospitals (8 more than in 2013). Most implantations (82%) were performed in @entity1 . The mean @entity1 age was 61.8  13.7 years. Most @entity1 showed severe or moderate-to-severe @entity67 and were in New York Heart Association functional class II. The most frequent @entity299 was @entity741 , followed by @entity384 . Implantations for primary prevention indications comprised 58.5%. Electrophysiologists performed 85.6% of the implantations. CONCLUSIONS: The 2014 Spanish Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillator Registry received information on 82% of the implantations performed in Spain. The number of implantations has increased from previous years and the percentage of implantations for primary prevention indications has increased from the previous year.

title: Spanish Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillator Registry. Eleventh Official Report of the Spanish Society of Cardiology Electrophysiology and XXXX Section (2014).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac condition']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['Arrhythmia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['Arrhythmias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The FAST (food @entity566 -specific immunotherapy) project aims at developing safe and effective subcutaneous immunotherapy for @entity9963 , using recombinant hypoallergenic @entity7136 @entity15537 , @entity13323 @entity6746 . OBJECTIVES: Preclinical characterization and good manufacturing practice (GMP) production of mutant @entity13323 (mCyp) @entity6746 . METHODS: @entity526 -produced mCyp @entity6746 was purified using standard chromatographic techniques. Physicochemical properties were investigated by gel electrophoresis, size exclusion chromatography, circular dichroism spectroscopy, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Allergenicity was assessed by ImmunoCAP inhibition and basophil @entity112 release assay, immunogenicity by immunization of laboratory animals and stimulation of @entity1 ' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Reference molecules were purified wild-type @entity13323 @entity6746 (natural and/or recombinant). GMP-compliant alum-adsorbed mCyp @entity6746 was tested for acute @entity137 in @entity19 and @entity95 and for repeated-dose @entity137 in @entity19 . Accelerated and real-time protocols were used to evaluate stability of mCyp @entity6746 as drug substance and drug product. RESULTS: Purified mCyp @entity6746 behaves as a folded and stable molecule. Using sera of 26 double-blind placebo-controlled food-challenge-proven fish-allergic @entity1 , reduction in allergenic activity ranged from 10- to 5,000-fold (1,000-fold on average), but with retained immunogenicity (immunization in @entity19 / @entity95 ) and potency to stimulate @entity1 PBMCs. @entity137 studies revealed no toxic effects and real-time stability studies on the @entity12525 -adsorbed drug product demonstrated at least 20 months of stability. CONCLUSION: The GMP drug product developed for treatment of @entity9963 has the characteristics targeted for in FAST: i.e. hypoallergenicity with retained immunogenicity. These results have warranted first-in- @entity1 immunotherapy studies to evaluate the safety of this innovative vaccine.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Development of a Hypoallergenic Recombinant XXXX for First-in- @entity1 Subcutaneous Immunotherapy of Fish Allergy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human', 'man']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity9963 :: ('MESH:D005393', 'Disease') :: ['fish allergy']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity15537 :: (5816,Gene) :: ['Parvalbumin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The FAST (food @entity566 -specific immunotherapy) project aims at developing safe and effective subcutaneous immunotherapy for @entity9963 , using recombinant hypoallergenic @entity7136 @entity15537 , @entity13323 @entity6746 . OBJECTIVES: Preclinical characterization and good manufacturing practice (GMP) production of mutant @entity13323 (mCyp) @entity6746 . METHODS: @entity526 -produced mCyp @entity6746 was purified using standard chromatographic techniques. Physicochemical properties were investigated by gel electrophoresis, size exclusion chromatography, circular dichroism spectroscopy, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Allergenicity was assessed by ImmunoCAP inhibition and basophil @entity112 release assay, immunogenicity by immunization of laboratory animals and stimulation of @entity1 ' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Reference molecules were purified wild-type @entity13323 @entity6746 (natural and/or recombinant). GMP-compliant alum-adsorbed mCyp @entity6746 was tested for acute @entity137 in @entity19 and @entity95 and for repeated-dose @entity137 in @entity19 . Accelerated and real-time protocols were used to evaluate stability of mCyp @entity6746 as drug substance and drug product. RESULTS: Purified mCyp @entity6746 behaves as a folded and stable molecule. Using sera of 26 double-blind placebo-controlled food-challenge-proven fish-allergic @entity1 , reduction in allergenic activity ranged from 10- to 5,000-fold (1,000-fold on average), but with retained immunogenicity (immunization in @entity19 / @entity95 ) and potency to stimulate @entity1 PBMCs. @entity137 studies revealed no toxic effects and real-time stability studies on the @entity12525 -adsorbed drug product demonstrated at least 20 months of stability. CONCLUSION: The GMP drug product developed for treatment of @entity9963 has the characteristics targeted for in FAST: i.e. hypoallergenicity with retained immunogenicity. These results have warranted first-in- @entity1 immunotherapy studies to evaluate the safety of this innovative vaccine.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Development of a Hypoallergenic Recombinant @entity15537 for First-in- XXXX Subcutaneous Immunotherapy of Fish Allergy.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Man']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative stability following bimaxillary surgery performed either with or without preoperative orthodontic treatment, in @entity3233 @entity1 . These @entity1 were enrolled using standardized inclusion criteria. Forty @entity1 with a @entity3233 were included in this retrospective study. Inclusion criteria were @entity3233 with and without premolar extraction, <3mm midline deviation, and <5mm arch width discordance. @entity1 were assigned to the conventional bimaxillary surgery group (n=20) or the surgery-first bimaxillary surgery group (n=20). Serial cephalometric radiographs obtained before surgery (T0), at 2 months after surgery (T1), and at 6 months after surgery (T2) were used to assess the variation in surgical change (T0 to T1) and postsurgical change (T1 to T2). Eight linear and three angular parameters were used to evaluate postoperative stability. With respect to postsurgical changes, significant differences were observed in the changes for the vertical reference plane to the posterior nasal spine, horizontal reference plane to B-point, and occlusal plane angle in both groups. No statistically significant differences in the relapse rates were observed between the two groups. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the postoperative stability.

title: Skeletal stability of surgery-first bimaxillary orthognathic surgery for skeletal XXXX , using standardized criteria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity3233 :: ('MESH:D008313', 'Disease') :: ['class III malocclusion']

answer: @entity3233 :: (MESH:D008313,Disease) :: ['class III malocclusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Approximately 6000 @entity1 are born with CHD in Germany each year. It is increasingly rare that these @entity1 die from their @entity102 . In the present study, data recorded in the National Register for @entity4297 with respect to the prevalence of specific lesions and sex distribution are compared with that recorded in a published German prevalence study (Prevalence Study) and with the meta-analysis by van der Linde et al. METHODS: A descriptive data analysis was performed using a minimal data set. The demographic data included sex and birth year; the medical data comprised the cardiovascular diagnosis according to the short list of the International Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code. RESULTS: As the data analysis shows, the National Register is a clinical register including primarily clinical cases/cases relevant to healthcare. The prevalence values and sex ratios recorded in the register are closer to the values given in the literature than those determined by the Prevalence Study. Severe CHD was slightly over-represented in the National Register compared with the van der Linde et al meta-analysis. The deviations with respect to prevalence values are within an acceptable range. CONCLUSION: With its 48,000 @entity1 , the National Register plays a unique and important role for research in the field of CHD. Samples from the National Register can be used as a gold standard for future studies, as the @entity1 population registered in it can be considered representative of CHD in Germany and Europe.

title: Representativeness of the German National Register for XXXX : a clinically oriented analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital Heart Defects']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness']

answer: @entity4297 :: (MESH:D006330,Disease) :: ['Congenital Heart Defects']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background and purpose - The discrepancy between symptoms and radiographic severity of @entity626 ( @entity571 ) is well described. However, little is known about whether radiographic severity is predictive of the clinical result of nonoperative treatment. We investigated whether radiographic severity and treatment type were associated with improvements in @entity158 after nonoperative treatment of @entity1 with knee @entity571 . @entity1 and methods - A 5-year consecutive series of @entity1 deemed not eligible for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) by an experienced orthopedic surgeon was contacted 1-5 years later. Radiographic severity, age, sex, and BMI were registered at the consultation. At follow-up, @entity1 were asked to answer a questionnaire on type of treatment and improvements in @entity158 after treatment. Results - Of 1,848 @entity1 who were not eligible for @entity71635 ,414 (77%) completed the follow-up questionnaire (mean age 66 (24-96) years; 55% @entity1 ). Radiographic severity was not associated with improvements in @entity158 even after adjusting for treatment type, age, sex, and BMI (p > 0.1). The odds ratio of improvement was higher by a factor of 2 in @entity1 who received physiotherapy or multimodal treatment than in @entity1 who did not. Interpretation - Radiographic severity was not associated with improvements in @entity158 after nonoperative treatment. @entity1 who are not eligible for TKA can confidently be referred to nonoperative treatment even if they have severe radiographic @entity571 . The treatment should preferably be multimodal, including physiotherapy, as recommended in Danish and international clinical guidelines.

title: Nonoperative treatment improves XXXX irrespective of radiographic severity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES:     The study was carried out to learn if the columellar-frenulum angle could be used as one of the most important anthropometric measurements to predict the clinical severity in @entity3384 @entity1 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN:     This is a prospective case series conducted at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. METHODS AND MATERIAL:     The study was based on the Thomson and Reinders criteria (1995), and various anthropometric measurements, including the columellar-frenulum angle, were measured. A total of 30 @entity1 (21 @entity1 and 9 @entity1 ) were included in the study. The ages of the @entity1 varied from 4 months to 15 years. The left side was affected in 18 @entity1 , and 2 gave a significant positive family history. All the @entity1 were subjected uniformly to @entity3384 repair. @entity1 with strictly @entity3384 were included in the study. @entity2419 , incomplete @entity3384 , and bilateral clefts were excluded from the study. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:     The data was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS:     The CF angle correlated negatively with the soft tissue defect of the cleft, cutaneous lip length, and vermilion lip length discrepancies from normal and soft tissue width just behind the alveolus. CONCLUSIONS:     CF angle promises to offer a method by which prognosis of clefts can be predicted in terms of its severity in @entity1 with @entity3384 .

title: Columellar-Frenulum Angle - A Significant Clinical Parameter in Assessing the Degree of Severity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['Microform clefts']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral complete cleft lip and palate', 'unilateral cleft lip', 'cleft lips', "Tennison's cleft lip"]

answer: @entity3384 :: (MESH:D002971,Disease) :: ['Unilateral Cleft Lip']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study is among the first to examine the @entity146 and attendant factors of young @entity1 who have sex with @entity1 (YMSM) in Hong Kong using location-aware gay social networking mobile applications ("gay apps"). Among the 213 YMSM (Mage   =   21.52, SD   =   2.29 years, range 17-25) who reported their recent (past six months) sexual history with male partners and gay apps use, inconsistent condom use (ICU) during anal sex was fairly common (60.2% regular partners, 45.8% non-regular partners). One-fifth of the sample reported @entity2754 ( @entity2754 ) during anal sex (19.3% insertive, 19.8% receptive). Frequent "Grindr" and "Jack'd" users were less likely to report anal sex, and hence ICU, with regular [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)   =   0.72] and non-regular (AOR   =   0.62) partners, respectively. Sexual partnering via apps doubled the odds of ICU with both regular (AOR   =   1.99) and non-regular (AOR   =   2.17) partners. The odds of ICU with regular partners also increased with relationship status (AOR   =   2.86 exclusive, AOR   =   3.23 non-exclusive) but reduced for those who never had STI/ @entity645 testing (AOR   =   0.27). With non-regular partners, YMSM's likelihood of ICU increased with more recent partners (AOR   =   3.25) and drug use (AOR   =   3.79), but reduced with group sex (AOR   =   0.15). The odds of receptive @entity2754 increased with @entity285 consumption (AOR   =   4.04), non-exclusive relationship (AOR   =   4.10), and more recent partners (AOR   =   2.47), but reduced with group sex (AOR   =   0.15) and older age (AOR   =   0.84). For insertive @entity2754 , the odds increased with bisexual YMSM (AOR   =   2.89), exclusive relationship (AOR   =   3.97), and longtime apps-use (AOR   =   1.81). The findings identify meaningful differences among YMSM app-users that inform sexual health intervention and suggest attention on @entity285 or drug use during sex and condomless sex with non-exclusive regular partners.

title: Sexual risk behaviors among apps-using young XXXX who have sex with @entity1 in Hong Kong.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sexual risk behaviors']

entities_list: @entity2754 :: ('MESH:D061686', 'Disease') :: ['CIE', 'condomless internal ejaculation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study is among the first to examine the @entity146 and attendant factors of young @entity1 who have sex with @entity1 (YMSM) in Hong Kong using location-aware gay social networking mobile applications ("gay apps"). Among the 213 YMSM (Mage   =   21.52, SD   =   2.29 years, range 17-25) who reported their recent (past six months) sexual history with male partners and gay apps use, inconsistent condom use (ICU) during anal sex was fairly common (60.2% regular partners, 45.8% non-regular partners). One-fifth of the sample reported @entity2754 ( @entity2754 ) during anal sex (19.3% insertive, 19.8% receptive). Frequent "Grindr" and "Jack'd" users were less likely to report anal sex, and hence ICU, with regular [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)   =   0.72] and non-regular (AOR   =   0.62) partners, respectively. Sexual partnering via apps doubled the odds of ICU with both regular (AOR   =   1.99) and non-regular (AOR   =   2.17) partners. The odds of ICU with regular partners also increased with relationship status (AOR   =   2.86 exclusive, AOR   =   3.23 non-exclusive) but reduced for those who never had STI/ @entity645 testing (AOR   =   0.27). With non-regular partners, YMSM's likelihood of ICU increased with more recent partners (AOR   =   3.25) and drug use (AOR   =   3.79), but reduced with group sex (AOR   =   0.15). The odds of receptive @entity2754 increased with @entity285 consumption (AOR   =   4.04), non-exclusive relationship (AOR   =   4.10), and more recent partners (AOR   =   2.47), but reduced with group sex (AOR   =   0.15) and older age (AOR   =   0.84). For insertive @entity2754 , the odds increased with bisexual YMSM (AOR   =   2.89), exclusive relationship (AOR   =   3.97), and longtime apps-use (AOR   =   1.81). The findings identify meaningful differences among YMSM app-users that inform sexual health intervention and suggest attention on @entity285 or drug use during sex and condomless sex with non-exclusive regular partners.

title: Sexual risk behaviors among apps-using young @entity1 who have sex with XXXX in Hong Kong.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity356 is the fourth most frequent @entity5 and the second cause of @entity5 -related @entity204 worldwide. China has a high incidence of @entity356 . @entity32 is a critical component of @entity5 progression. It has been widely accepted that @entity356 is an inflammation-driven @entity5 . In this study, we investigated the application value of systemic inflammatory response (SIR) markers, platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), in early diagnosis and prognostic prediction in @entity1 with resectable @entity356 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty-two @entity1 with resectable @entity356 were included and separated into groups according to median pre-operative PLR or NLR values (PLR low: < 208 or PLR high: >=  208, and NLR low: < 4.02 or NLR high: >=  4.02, respectively). To evaluate the changes in PLR or NLR values after operation, we introduced the concept of post-/pre-operative PLR or NLR ratios (< 1 indicated PLR or NLR values were decreased after operation, while >=  1 suggested not decreased PLR or NLR values). RESULTS: Pre-operative PLR and NLR levels were significantly higher in @entity356 @entity1 compared with the healthy subjects. Low pre-operative PLR and NLR levels correlated with better clinicopathological features, including decreased depth of invasion, less @entity1600 and early @entity5 stage. Kaplan-Meier plots illustrated that higher pre-operative NLR and PLR had decreased overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). @entity5 resection resulted in a significant\linebreak.

title: Application of platelet/lymphocyte and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios in early diagnosis and prognostic prediction in @entity1 with resectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Surgical tumor']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity356 is the fourth most frequent @entity5 and the second cause of @entity5 -related @entity204 worldwide. China has a high incidence of @entity356 . @entity32 is a critical component of @entity5 progression. It has been widely accepted that @entity356 is an inflammation-driven @entity5 . In this study, we investigated the application value of systemic inflammatory response (SIR) markers, platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), in early diagnosis and prognostic prediction in @entity1 with resectable @entity356 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty-two @entity1 with resectable @entity356 were included and separated into groups according to median pre-operative PLR or NLR values (PLR low: < 208 or PLR high: >=  208, and NLR low: < 4.02 or NLR high: >=  4.02, respectively). To evaluate the changes in PLR or NLR values after operation, we introduced the concept of post-/pre-operative PLR or NLR ratios (< 1 indicated PLR or NLR values were decreased after operation, while >=  1 suggested not decreased PLR or NLR values). RESULTS: Pre-operative PLR and NLR levels were significantly higher in @entity356 @entity1 compared with the healthy subjects. Low pre-operative PLR and NLR levels correlated with better clinicopathological features, including decreased depth of invasion, less @entity1600 and early @entity5 stage. Kaplan-Meier plots illustrated that higher pre-operative NLR and PLR had decreased overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). @entity5 resection resulted in a significant\linebreak.

title: Application of platelet/lymphocyte and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios in early diagnosis and prognostic prediction in XXXX with resectable @entity356 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: Aim of this pilot-study was to quantify perfusion changes of @entity1462 before and after the first interventional treatment using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 29 @entity1 (10 male, 19 female) between 6 and 63 years (mean 25.8 years) with 12 arterio-venous ( @entity7026 ) and 17 @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) were examined before and after their first percutaneous interventional treatment. CEUS was performed with a 2.4ml bolus injection of @entity599 -hexafluorid microbubbles, and a 6-9MHz mulitfrequency transducer. A 60sec cine sequence was recorded and regions of interest (10mm * 30mm) were defined in the centre, and the margins of the @entity1462 as well as in the surrounding healthy tissue. Time Intensity Curves (TIC) were analysed, and Time to Peak (TTP) as well as Area under the Curve (AUC) were calculated. RESULTS: For VMs there was a significant perfusion difference (p< 0.05) in AUC between centre and the surrounding tissue before (332.1 vs. 130.4 rU) and after treatment (331.0 vs. 106.9 rU). There was no significant difference for TTP in ROIs of @entity1211 (19.1 vs. 26.5sec). After the treatment there was a significant decrease in AUC for all three regions in AVMs, and an increase in TTP for AVMs. However TTP for AVMs in the centre ROI still remained shorter than in the surrounding tissue even after therapy (20.9 vs. 25.4sec). CONCLUSION: CEUS with TIC analysis is a promising imaging method for the evaluation of perfusion before and after percutaneous treatment of @entity1462 . AUC decrease indicates therapy-induced changes in perfusion of @entity1211 whereas an increase in TTP shows therapy-related changes in @entity7026 .

title: Perfusion quantification of XXXX using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with time intensity curve analysis before and after treatment: First  results.

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VM', 'venous malformations']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformations', 'vascular malformation']

answer: @entity1462 :: (MESH:D054079,Disease) :: ['vascular malformations']


abstract: BACKGROUND: NdgR is an IclR-type transcription factor that regulates @entity368 biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways in @entity25068 . Recent study revealed that NdgR is one of the regulatory targets of SigR, an oxidative stress response sigma factor, suggesting that the NdgR plays an important physiological role in response to environmental stresses. Although the regulatory functions of NdgR were partly characterized, determination of its regulon is required for better understanding of the transcriptional regulatory network related with the oxidative stress response. RESULTS: We determined genome-wide binding loci of NdgR by using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing (ChIP-seq) and explored its physiological roles. The ChIP-seq profiles revealed 19 direct binding loci with a 15-bp imperfect palindromic motif, including 34 genes in their transcription units. Most genes in branched-chain @entity3689 and @entity462 biosynthesis pathways were involved in the NdgR regulon. We proved that ndgR is induced by SigR under the @entity1432 oxidation, and that an ndgR mutant strain is sensitive to the @entity1432 oxidizing agent, @entity13131 . Through the expression test of NdgR and the target genes for NdgR under @entity13131 treatment, regulatory motifs were suggested. Interestingly, NdgR constitutes two regulatory motifs, coherent and incoherent feed-forward loops (FFL), in order to control its regulon under the @entity13131 treatment. Using the regulatory motifs, NdgR regulates @entity462 biosynthesis in response to @entity1432 oxidative stress, enabling cells to maintain @entity599 assimilation with homeostasis under stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis revealed that NdgR is a global transcriptional regulator involved in the regulation of branched-chain @entity3534 biosynthesis and sulphur assimilation. The identification of the NdgR regulon broadens our knowledge regarding complex regulatory networks governing @entity3689 biosynthesis in the context of stress responses in @entity25068 .

title: Genome-scale analysis reveals a role for NdgR in the XXXX oxidative stress response in @entity25068 .

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity25068 :: ('1902', 'Species') :: ['Streptomyces coelicolor', 'S. coelicolor']

answer: @entity1432 :: (CHEBI:29256,Chemical) :: ['thiol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: NdgR is an IclR-type transcription factor that regulates @entity368 biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways in @entity25068 . Recent study revealed that NdgR is one of the regulatory targets of SigR, an oxidative stress response sigma factor, suggesting that the NdgR plays an important physiological role in response to environmental stresses. Although the regulatory functions of NdgR were partly characterized, determination of its regulon is required for better understanding of the transcriptional regulatory network related with the oxidative stress response. RESULTS: We determined genome-wide binding loci of NdgR by using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing (ChIP-seq) and explored its physiological roles. The ChIP-seq profiles revealed 19 direct binding loci with a 15-bp imperfect palindromic motif, including 34 genes in their transcription units. Most genes in branched-chain @entity3689 and @entity462 biosynthesis pathways were involved in the NdgR regulon. We proved that ndgR is induced by SigR under the @entity1432 oxidation, and that an ndgR mutant strain is sensitive to the @entity1432 oxidizing agent, @entity13131 . Through the expression test of NdgR and the target genes for NdgR under @entity13131 treatment, regulatory motifs were suggested. Interestingly, NdgR constitutes two regulatory motifs, coherent and incoherent feed-forward loops (FFL), in order to control its regulon under the @entity13131 treatment. Using the regulatory motifs, NdgR regulates @entity462 biosynthesis in response to @entity1432 oxidative stress, enabling cells to maintain @entity599 assimilation with homeostasis under stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis revealed that NdgR is a global transcriptional regulator involved in the regulation of branched-chain @entity3534 biosynthesis and sulphur assimilation. The identification of the NdgR regulon broadens our knowledge regarding complex regulatory networks governing @entity3689 biosynthesis in the context of stress responses in @entity25068 .

title: Genome-scale analysis reveals a role for NdgR in the @entity1432 oxidative stress response in XXXX .

answer: @entity25068 :: (1902,Species) :: ['Streptomyces coelicolor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and etiology of @entity972 abnormalities ( @entity1371 and @entity4144 ) and management approaches for hospitalized @entity1 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Over a 4-month period, all hospitalized @entity1 at Hacettepe University Medical Faculty Hospitals who underwent at least one measurement of serum @entity972 during hospitalization were included. Data on serum levels of electrolytes, demographic characteristics, cause(s) of hospitalization, medications, etiology of @entity972 abnormality and treatment approaches were obtained from the hospital records. RESULTS: Of the 9,045 hospitalized @entity1 , 1,265 (14.0%) had a serum @entity972 abnormality; 604 (6.7%) @entity1 had @entity1371 and 661 (7.30%) had @entity4144 . In the @entity8598 @entity1 , the most important reasons were gastrointestinal losses in 555 (91.8%) @entity1 and renal losses in 252 (41.7%) @entity1 . The most frequent treatment strategies were correcting the underlying cause and replacing the @entity972 deficit. Of the 604 @entity8598 @entity1 , 319 (52.8%) were normokalemic at hospital discharge. The most common reason for @entity4144 was treatment with @entity916 -angiotensin- @entity1369 system blockers in 228 (34.4%) @entity1 , followed by @entity177 in 191 (28.8%). Two hundred and ninety-eight (45.0%) @entity1 were followed without any specific treatment. Of the 661 @entity6564 @entity1 , 324 (49.0%) were normokalemic at hospital discharge. CONCLUSION: This study showed a high prevalence of @entity972 imbalance among hospitalized @entity1 . Although most of the @entity972 abnormalities were mild/moderate, approximately half of the @entity1 treated for @entity1371 or @entity4144 were discharged from the hospital with ongoing dyskalemia.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: XXXX Abnormalities in Current Clinical Practice: Frequency, Causes, Severity and Management.

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity8598 :: ('MESH:D020514', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemic']

entities_list: @entity6564 :: ('MESH:D020513', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemic']

entities_list: @entity1371 :: ('MESH:D007008', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemia']

entities_list: @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia']

answer: @entity972 :: (MESH:D011188,Chemical) :: ['Potassium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2198 ( @entity2198 ) has recently gained attention as an alternative to parameters used in traditional @entity602 ( @entity602 ). Because @entity2198 is paresthesia free, the gate theory of @entity158 control as a basis of @entity602 has been called into question. The mechanism of action of @entity2198 remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We compare the effects of @entity2198 and traditional @entity602 on quantitative sensory testing parameters to provide insight into how @entity2198 modulates the nervous system. METHODS: Using quantitative sensory testing, we measured thermal detection and @entity158 thresholds and mechanical detection and pressure @entity158 thresholds, as well as vibratory detection, in 20 @entity602 @entity1 off stimulation (OFF), on traditional stimulation (ON) and on @entity2198 in a randomized order. RESULTS: @entity2198 significantly increased the mechanical detection threshold compared to OFF stimulation (p < 0.001) and traditional @entity602 (p = 0.01). Pressure @entity158 detection and vibratory detection thresholds also significantly increased with @entity2198 compared to ON states (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). In addition, @entity2198 significantly decreased 10- and 40-gram pinprick detection compared to OFF states (both p = 0.01). No significant differences between OFF, ON and @entity2198 states were seen in thermal and thermal @entity158 detection. CONCLUSION: @entity2198 is a new means of modulating @entity1118 . The mechanism by which @entity2198 works seems to differ from that of traditional @entity602 , offering a new platform for innovative advancements in treatment and a greater potential to treat @entity1 by customizing waveforms.

title: The Effect of High-Frequency Stimulation on Sensory Thresholds in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['HFS', 'High-frequency stimulation']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord stimulation', 'SCS']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['Chronic Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2198 ( @entity2198 ) has recently gained attention as an alternative to parameters used in traditional @entity602 ( @entity602 ). Because @entity2198 is paresthesia free, the gate theory of @entity158 control as a basis of @entity602 has been called into question. The mechanism of action of @entity2198 remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We compare the effects of @entity2198 and traditional @entity602 on quantitative sensory testing parameters to provide insight into how @entity2198 modulates the nervous system. METHODS: Using quantitative sensory testing, we measured thermal detection and @entity158 thresholds and mechanical detection and pressure @entity158 thresholds, as well as vibratory detection, in 20 @entity602 @entity1 off stimulation (OFF), on traditional stimulation (ON) and on @entity2198 in a randomized order. RESULTS: @entity2198 significantly increased the mechanical detection threshold compared to OFF stimulation (p < 0.001) and traditional @entity602 (p = 0.01). Pressure @entity158 detection and vibratory detection thresholds also significantly increased with @entity2198 compared to ON states (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). In addition, @entity2198 significantly decreased 10- and 40-gram pinprick detection compared to OFF states (both p = 0.01). No significant differences between OFF, ON and @entity2198 states were seen in thermal and thermal @entity158 detection. CONCLUSION: @entity2198 is a new means of modulating @entity1118 . The mechanism by which @entity2198 works seems to differ from that of traditional @entity602 , offering a new platform for innovative advancements in treatment and a greater potential to treat @entity1 by customizing waveforms.

title: The Effect of High-Frequency Stimulation on Sensory Thresholds in @entity1118 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In severe @entity4144 , @entity16 are described more rarely than cardiac manifestations. We report a clinical case; present a systematic review of available literature on secondary hyperkalemic @entity912 (SHP); and also discuss pathogenesis, clinical effects, and therapeutic options. CASE REPORT: A 75-year-old @entity1 presented to the emergency department complaining of @entity10492 . Her serum @entity972 level was 11.4 mEq/L. Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a pacemaker (PMK)-induced rhythm, with loss of atrial capture and wide QRS complexes. After emergency treatment to restore cell membrane potential threshold and lower serum @entity972 , neurologic and ECG signs completely disappeared. An acute @entity583 subsequently occurred, possibly linked to @entity591 induced by @entity3045 therapy. We reviewed 99 articles (119 patients). Mean serum @entity972 was 8.8 mEq/L. In most cases, ECG showed the presence of tall T waves; loss of PMK atrial capture was documented in 5 @entity1 . In 94 @entity1 , flaccid @entity912 was described and in 25, severe @entity425 ; in 65 @entity1 , these findings were associated with other symptoms. Concurrent @entity177 was often documented. The most frequent treatments were dialysis and infusion of insulin and @entity413 . Eighty-seven percent of @entity1 had complete resolution of symptoms. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Severe @entity4144 is always a life-threatening medical emergency, as it can precipitate fatal @entity943 and @entity912 . SHP should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neurologic signs and symptoms of uncertain etiology, especially in a subject with @entity177 or who is taking medications that may worsen renal function. The presence of a PMK does not necessarily impede hyperkalemic @entity1370 .

title: Tetraparesis and Failure of Pacemaker Capture Induced by Severe XXXX : Case Report and Systematic Review of Available Literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscular weakness']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'kidney failure']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['dysrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac toxicity']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

entities_list: @entity10492 :: ('MESH:C565722', 'Disease') :: ['tetraparesis']

answer: @entity4144 :: (MESH:D006947,Disease) :: ['Hyperkalemia']


abstract: Sixty-two @entity1 with @entity7255 and histological evidence of @entity3144 were examined to determine whether clinical features, such as course and degree of systemic involvement, could be related to the class of the immunoglobulins in immune complexes (IC) in both the circulation and the vessel wall. Circulating IC were detected with the 125I-C1q-binding assay (C1q-BA), an anti-IgA inhibition binding assay (a-IgA-Inh BA) and the conglutinin-binding assay (Con-BA). Stabilized heat-aggregated IgG, IgA and IgM were used to determine the immunoglobulin class specificity of these assays. With the C1q-BA only aggregated IgG were detected, with the a-IgA-Inh Ba only aggregates containing IgA. With the Con-BA IgG, IgA or IgM in reactive aggregates were identified with class-specific antibodies. For @entity1 with @entity1333 all assays were negative. The a-IgA-Inh BA was frequently positive in sera of @entity1 with chronic cutaneous and acute @entity13571 ; in the latter group conglutinin-binding IC of the IgG, IgA and IgM class were also detected. Levels in the C1q-BA were high for @entity1 with chronic @entity13571 . Comparison of the results of the IC assays with the immunofluorescence studies of the cutaneous vessel walls of the same @entity1 showed agreement between the results of the C1q-BA and deposition of IgG and the results of the a-IgA-Inh BA and IgA deposition. The class of immunoglobulin in conglutinin-binding IC did not correspond as well with the immunoglobulins in vessel walls. This study shows that certain clinical features of @entity7255 are related to the composition of the IC in the circulation and in the vessel wall.

title: Circulating and tissue-bound immune complexes in XXXX : relationship between immunoglobulin class and clinical features.

entities_list: @entity13571 :: ('MESH:D056647', 'Disease') :: ['systemic vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['acute cutaneous vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity7255 :: ('MESH:D018366', 'Disease') :: ['allergic vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity3144 :: ('MESH:C535509', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytoclastic vasculitis']

answer: @entity7255 :: (MESH:D018366,Disease) :: ['allergic vasculitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In-situ real-time monitoring of volatile organic compound (VOC) exposure and heart rate variability (HRV) were conducted for eight @entity18212 ( @entity18212 ) @entity1 using a VOC monitor, a Holter monitor, and a time-activity questionnaire for 24 h to identify the relationship between VOC exposure, biological effects, and subjective symptoms in actual life. The results revealed no significantly different parameters for averaged values such as VOC concentration, @entity2198 ( @entity2198 ), and @entity4365 ( @entity4365 ) to @entity2198 ratio compared with previous data from healthy subjects (Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7, 4127-4138). Significant negative correlations for four subjects were observed between @entity2198 and amounts of VOC change. These results suggest that some @entity1 show inhibition of parasympathetic activities along with VOC exposure as observed in healthy subjects. Comparing the parameters during subjective symptoms and normal condition, VOC concentration and/or VOC change were high except for one subject. @entity2198 values were low for five subjects during subjective symptoms. Examining the time-series data for VOC exposure and @entity2198 of each subject showed that the subjective symptoms, VOC exposure, and @entity2198 seemed well related in some symptoms. Based on these characteristics, prevention measures of symptoms for each subject may be proposed.

title: In-situ Real-Time Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compound Exposure and Heart Rate Variability for @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity18212 :: ('MESH:D018777', 'Disease') :: ['MCS', 'multiple chemical sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['low frequency', 'LF']

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'high frequency']

answer: @entity18212 :: (MESH:D018777,Disease) :: ['Multiple Chemical Sensitivity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In-situ real-time monitoring of volatile organic compound (VOC) exposure and heart rate variability (HRV) were conducted for eight @entity18212 ( @entity18212 ) @entity1 using a VOC monitor, a Holter monitor, and a time-activity questionnaire for 24 h to identify the relationship between VOC exposure, biological effects, and subjective symptoms in actual life. The results revealed no significantly different parameters for averaged values such as VOC concentration, @entity2198 ( @entity2198 ), and @entity4365 ( @entity4365 ) to @entity2198 ratio compared with previous data from healthy subjects (Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7, 4127-4138). Significant negative correlations for four subjects were observed between @entity2198 and amounts of VOC change. These results suggest that some @entity1 show inhibition of parasympathetic activities along with VOC exposure as observed in healthy subjects. Comparing the parameters during subjective symptoms and normal condition, VOC concentration and/or VOC change were high except for one subject. @entity2198 values were low for five subjects during subjective symptoms. Examining the time-series data for VOC exposure and @entity2198 of each subject showed that the subjective symptoms, VOC exposure, and @entity2198 seemed well related in some symptoms. Based on these characteristics, prevention measures of symptoms for each subject may be proposed.

title: In-situ Real-Time Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compound Exposure and Heart Rate Variability for XXXX with @entity18212 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The gonadotropin-induced resumption of oocyte meiosis in preovulatory follicles is preceded by expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like peptides, @entity71636 ( @entity71636 ) and epiregulin ( @entity71637 ), in mural granulosa and cumulus cells. Both the gonadotropins and the EGF-like peptides possess the capacity to stimulate resumption of oocyte meiosis in vitro via activation of a broad signaling network in cumulus cells. To better understand the rapid genomic actions of gonadotropins (FSH) and EGF-like peptides, we analyzed transcriptomes of cumulus cells at 3  h after their stimulation. METHODS: We hybridized aRNA from cumulus cells to a @entity1707 oligonucleotide microarray and compared the transcriptomes of FSH- and @entity71636 / @entity71637 -stimulated cumulus cells with untreated control cells and vice versa. The identified over- and underexpressed genes were subjected to functional genomic analysis according to their molecular and cellular functions. The expression pattern of 50 selected genes with a known or potential function in ovarian development was verified by real-time qRT-PCR. RESULTS: Both FSH and @entity71636 / @entity71637 increased the expression of genes associated with regulation of cell proliferation, cell migration, @entity1003 and extracellular matrix remodeling. FSH alone induced the expression of genes involved in inflammatory response and in the response to reactive @entity26 species. Moreover, FSH stimulated the expression of genes closely related to some ovulatory events either exclusively or significantly more than @entity71636 / @entity71637 ( @entity71636 , @entity65999 , @entity18054 , @entity18055 , @entity30788 , @entity35373 , and @entity71638 ). In contrast to @entity71636 / @entity71637 , FSH also increased the expression of genes coding for key transcription factors ( @entity34580 , @entity51876 , @entity71639 , and @entity71640 ), which may contribute to the differing expression profiles of FSH- and @entity71636 / @entity71637 -treated cumulus cells. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of FSH on cumulus cell gene transcription was higher than the impact of EGF-like factors in terms of the number of cell functions affected as well as the number of over- and underexpressed genes. Both FSH and EGF-like factors overexpressed genes involved in the post-ovulatory switch in steroidogenesis and tissue remodelling. However, FSH was remarkably more efficient in the up-regulation of several specific genes essential for ovulation of matured oocytes and also genes that been reported to play an important role in maturation of cumulus-enclosed oocytes in vitro.

title: Gene expression analysis of XXXX cumulus-oocyte complexes stimulated in vitro with follicle stimulating hormone or epidermal growth factor-like peptides.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity459 ( @entity459 ) has been associated with increased @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) in many studies. Most studies have been inadequately powered to assess the effect of parathyroidectomy ( @entity4045 ) on @entity1002 . OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate whether @entity4045 has a benefit on @entity1002 in @entity1 with @entity459 . DATA SOURCES: Sources included PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.gov , review articles, and abstracts from meetings. STUDY SELECTION: Eligible studies included prospective studies of @entity4045 vs observation or @entity4045 alone in @entity1 with @entity459 who had @entity1002 measured by echocardiography. DATA EXTRACTION: Two investigators independently identified eligible studies and extracted data. Random-effects models were used to obtain final pooled estimates. DATA SYNTHESIS: Fifteen studies (four randomized controlled trials and 11 observational) of 457 @entity1 undergoing @entity4045 were included. @entity4045 was associated with a reduction in @entity1002 (crude Hedges gu -0.290    0.070, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.423 to -0.157) of 11.6 g/m(2) (12.5%) on average. Effect size estimates differed by study duration (P < .001), with improvements seen in shorter ( <=6 mo) but not longer studies. There was a trend toward greater improvement in observational studies vs randomized controlled trials (P = .07), and both serum @entity460 and @entity461 were higher in the former. Using random-effects models, the estimated effect size remained significant (Hedges gu -0.250, 95% CI -0.450 to -0.050). Higher preoperative @entity461 but not @entity460 was associated with a greater decline in @entity1002 (b = -.039, 95% CI -0.075 to -0.004). CONCLUSION: @entity4045 reduced @entity1002 in @entity459 , and higher preoperative @entity461 levels were associated with greater improvements. Because the benefit was limited to short-term studies and @entity459 disease severity was not independent of study design, further work is needed to clarify the factors that influence the change in @entity1002 and whether the benefit persists beyond 6 months after @entity4045 . Although the clinical significance of the @entity1002 improvement is unclear, these data indicate that @entity461 may underlie increased @entity1002 in @entity459 .

title: Effect of Parathyroidectomy Upon Left Ventricular Mass in XXXX : A Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['Primary hyperparathyroidism', 'PHPT']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVM', 'left ventricular mass']

answer: @entity459 :: (MESH:D049950,Disease) :: ['Primary Hyperparathyroidism']


abstract: PURPOSE: Insula involvement in @entity2806 more likely causes @entity393 and poor clinical outcome than @entity1188 . Our objective was to prove the hypothesis that abundant collateral circulation represented by distal hyperintense vessels (HV) on MRI alleviates insula @entity1188 and facilitates prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and fourteen @entity64 cases with M1 totally occlusion on MR angiography were documented consecutively from 2012 to 2014. The degree of HV was graded as absent, subtle or prominent. Clinical data were recorded retrospectively by reviewing the medical records. The @entity1188 volume on diffusion-weighted image, along with National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS), was used to evaluate the clinical severity and prognosis. RESULTS: The degree of HV was more abundant in insula-uninvolved @entity64 compared with @entity64 involving insula @entity1188 (p  = 0.026). Insula-involved @entity64 @entity1 were older (p  = 0.039) with a higher percentage of @entity955 history (p  = 0.042). Univariate analysis revealed that insula @entity1188 , age, @entity1188 volume and NIHSS predicted unfavorable prognosis of @entity64 , whereas HV had a favorable effect. The protective effect of HV was confirmed by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: HV is a protective barrier between insula @entity1188 and severity of clinical symptoms among @entity64 @entity1 .

title: XXXX in proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['acute cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-sparing insula', 'infarct', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['penumbral loss']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['Distal hyperintense vessels alleviate insula infarction']