abstract: One of the laccase isoforms in the brown rot fungus @entity71445 is thought to contribute to the production of @entity3787 radicals, which play an important role in lignocellulose degradation. However, the presence of at least two laccase isoforms in this fungus makes it difficult to understand the details of this mechanism. In this study, we systematically investigated the transcriptional patterns of two laccase genes, Pplcc1 and Pplcc2, by quantitative PCR (qPCR) to better understand the mechanism. The qPCR results showed that neither of the two genes was expressed constitutively throughout growth in liquid culture or during the degradation of a woody substrate. Transcription of Pplcc1 was upregulated under @entity1568 depletion and in response to a high concentration of @entity920 in liquid culture, and during the initial colonization of intact aspen wafer. However, it was subject to catabolite repression by a high concentration of @entity413 . Transcription of Pplcc2 was upregulated by stresses caused by @entity28233 , @entity71446 , and @entity1068 , and under osmotic stress in liquid culture. However, the transcription of Pplcc2 was downregulated upon contact with the woody substrate in solid culture. These results indicate that Pplcc1 and Pplcc2 are differentially regulated in liquid and solid cultures. Pplcc1 seems to play the major role in producing @entity3787 radicals and Pplcc2 in the stress response during the degradation of a woody substrate.

title: Transcriptional profiles of laccase genes in the brown rot fungus XXXX MAD-R-698.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity28233 :: ('MESH:C004999', 'Chemical') :: ['ferulic acid']

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

entities_list: @entity71445 :: ('104341', 'Species') :: ['Postia placenta']

entities_list: @entity71446 :: ('CHEBI:64827', 'Chemical') :: ['2, 6-dimethylbenzoic acid']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity71445 :: (104341,Species) :: ['Postia placenta']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neutrophil-mediated @entity32 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity15 ( @entity15 ) and @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ). Concentrations of @entity1494 ( @entity1494 ) have attracted attention as a useful index of the status of inflammatory response. Evidence suggests serum @entity1494 levels are increased in some inflammatory diseases, but little attention has been paid to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of @entity1494 . OBJECTIVE: To measure CSF concentration of @entity1494 and determine its relationship with disease activity in @entity15 and @entity1652 . METHODS: CSF @entity1494 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 18 @entity15 @entity1 , 28 @entity1652 @entity1 and eight controls. RESULTS: CSF @entity1494 concentrations in @entity15 and @entity1652 groups were both significantly lower than those in controls. Expanded disability status scale scores of @entity15 and @entity1652 revealed a trend of @entity717 with decreased CSF @entity1494 level. The CSF @entity1494 concentrations were not significantly associated with CSF white blood cell counts, total protein, @entity413 and @entity3878 concentrations in @entity15 and @entity1652 subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a reduced @entity1494 level in CSF of @entity15 and @entity1652 @entity1 . The levels were associated with the severity of the two @entity17 during relapse.

title: Urinary trypsin inhibitor levels are reduced in cerebrospinal fluid of XXXX and @entity1652 @entity1 during relapse.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelinating diseases']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['UTI', 'urinary trypsin inhibitor']

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['NMO', 'neuromyelitis optica']

entities_list: @entity3878 :: ('MESH:D002713', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorine']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['increased disease disability']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neutrophil-mediated @entity32 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity15 ( @entity15 ) and @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ). Concentrations of @entity1494 ( @entity1494 ) have attracted attention as a useful index of the status of inflammatory response. Evidence suggests serum @entity1494 levels are increased in some inflammatory diseases, but little attention has been paid to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of @entity1494 . OBJECTIVE: To measure CSF concentration of @entity1494 and determine its relationship with disease activity in @entity15 and @entity1652 . METHODS: CSF @entity1494 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 18 @entity15 @entity1 , 28 @entity1652 @entity1 and eight controls. RESULTS: CSF @entity1494 concentrations in @entity15 and @entity1652 groups were both significantly lower than those in controls. Expanded disability status scale scores of @entity15 and @entity1652 revealed a trend of @entity717 with decreased CSF @entity1494 level. The CSF @entity1494 concentrations were not significantly associated with CSF white blood cell counts, total protein, @entity413 and @entity3878 concentrations in @entity15 and @entity1652 subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a reduced @entity1494 level in CSF of @entity15 and @entity1652 @entity1 . The levels were associated with the severity of the two @entity17 during relapse.

title: Urinary trypsin inhibitor levels are reduced in cerebrospinal fluid of @entity15 and XXXX @entity1 during relapse.

answer: @entity1652 :: (MESH:D009471,Disease) :: ['neuromyelitis optica']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neutrophil-mediated @entity32 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity15 ( @entity15 ) and @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ). Concentrations of @entity1494 ( @entity1494 ) have attracted attention as a useful index of the status of inflammatory response. Evidence suggests serum @entity1494 levels are increased in some inflammatory diseases, but little attention has been paid to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of @entity1494 . OBJECTIVE: To measure CSF concentration of @entity1494 and determine its relationship with disease activity in @entity15 and @entity1652 . METHODS: CSF @entity1494 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 18 @entity15 @entity1 , 28 @entity1652 @entity1 and eight controls. RESULTS: CSF @entity1494 concentrations in @entity15 and @entity1652 groups were both significantly lower than those in controls. Expanded disability status scale scores of @entity15 and @entity1652 revealed a trend of @entity717 with decreased CSF @entity1494 level. The CSF @entity1494 concentrations were not significantly associated with CSF white blood cell counts, total protein, @entity413 and @entity3878 concentrations in @entity15 and @entity1652 subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a reduced @entity1494 level in CSF of @entity15 and @entity1652 @entity1 . The levels were associated with the severity of the two @entity17 during relapse.

title: Urinary trypsin inhibitor levels are reduced in cerebrospinal fluid of @entity15 and @entity1652 XXXX during relapse.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the analgesic effect of music and audiobooks in @entity1 undergoing major surgical procedures when compared to a control (silence) group. METHODS: The study was a prospective and randomized trial. @entity1 undergoing major surgeries were randomized to one of the three groups: music, audiobook or control (silence). The primary outcome was the @entity158 burden reduction by two treatments within 48  h postoperatively. @entity158 burden was measured using the area under the @entity158 scale versus the 30  min interval for each treatment. RESULTS: 60 @entity1 were recruited and 56 completed the study. @entity158 burden was @entity146 compared to control, median (IQR) of -60 (-90 to 0), -45 (-90 to 0) and 0 (-30 to 90) (min  *  @entity158 score), respectively, P  =  0.04. A linear regression analysis demonstrated an independent group effect on @entity158 reduction even after adjusting for the mean @entity158 scores recorded at the beginning of the treatment, slope of regression line -56.8      24 goodness of fit r (2)  =  0.25 and slope significantly different from 0 (P  =  0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Audio therapy is an efficacious adjunct method to decrease post-surgical @entity158 in @entity1 undergoing major surgeries. Audio therapy should be considered as an important strategy to minimize @entity158 in @entity1 undergoing major surgery.

title: The effect of audio therapy to treat postoperative pain in XXXX undergoing major surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['reduced in the music and audiobook groups']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: The present study was carried out to evaluate the usefulness of mini retromandibular approach on accessibility, @entity2318 and stability in open @entity174 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 underwent open @entity2003 , with mini-retro mandibular approach. RESULTS: No signs of @entity281 were observed in any @entity1 postoperatively. Surgical scar was imperceptible and esthetically acceptable in all the cases. Out of 15 @entity1 , only one @entity1 had discrepancy in occlusion and after 2  months satisfactory centric occlusion was achieved. @entity71447 (parotid fistula) was observed in 3 cases within 1  week postoperatively, which was treated spontaneously with the use of hypertonic saline. Transient @entity425 was observed in 2 @entity1 , in one @entity1 it resolved in 4  weeks postoperatively and in second @entity1 3  months postoperatively. Mouth opening increased in all the @entity1 with time. @entity2133 at 1  week interval was 19.6  mm, at 2  months interval 28.2  mm, and after 6  months 38.33  mm suggesting that mouth opening gradually increased with time. At the end of 2  months postoperatively none of the @entity1 had any restriction in lateral movements. At 2  months postoperatively 4 @entity1 had deviation but none of the @entity1 had any deviation 6  months postoperatively. CONCLUSION: It is evident from the results of our study that open reduction and internal fixation using mini-retromandibular approach is good treatment option in management of mandibular condylar fractures.

title: Evaluation of Retro Mandibular Approach to Open XXXX : A Cross-sectional Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['reduction and rigid fixation of middle and low subcondylar fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['reduction and internal fixation of sub condylar fractures']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['Average mouth opening']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve weakness']

entities_list: @entity71447 :: ('MESH:D012467', 'Disease') :: ['Salivary fistula']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Reduction and Internal Fixation of Condylar Fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and comparison between 2.0  mm locking plate system and 2.0  mm Champy's @entity702 mini plating system in mandible @entity174 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 @entity1 with mandibular @entity174 were selected and divided into two groups A and B on randomized basis. Group A was treated with open reduction internal fixation using 2.0  mm locking plates and group B with 2.0  mm Champy's @entity702 miniplates. All @entity1 were followed up for 12  weeks postoperatively. RESULTS: Results of the study show less @entity1349 , less precision in plate adaptation and less alteration of the osseous or occlusal relationship upon screw tightening in group A. Chi square test was applied to compare the results between the two groups. Statistical analysis did not show significant difference of incidence of malocclusion between the two groups (p value  =  0.606). Statistical analysis using un-paired t test showed significant difference of working time between the two groups (p value  =  0.00296). When comparing the overall complication rates according to plates used, the   (2) test showed no statistically significant difference between the locking and nonlocking plates (p  >  0.05). CONCLUSION: It is observed in our study that the locking plate/screw system offers significant advantages over the conventional plating system. The precise adaptation required for using conventional plates is not needed when this locking plate/screw system is used. Locking plate/screw system provides better stability than the conventional plate/screw system.

title: Study of Efficacy and the Comparison Between 2.0  mm Locking Plating System and 2.0  mm Standard Plating System in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['screw loosening']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Mandibular Fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hospital acquired infections worsen the outcome of @entity1 treated in intensive care units and are costly. Coatings with @entity575 or metal alloys may reduce or alter the formation of biofilm on invasive medical devices. An endotracheal tube (ETT) is used to connect the @entity1 to a ventilator and coated tubes have been tested in relation to bacterial colonization and @entity1729 . In the present study, we aimed to evaluate and compare a coated and uncoated ETT for @entity1 symptoms and local tracheal tolerability during short term clinical use. Degree of bacterial colonization was also described. METHODS: A @entity575 - @entity11720 -gold alloy coating ('Bactiguard  'Infection Protection, @entity1477 ) has been extensively used on urinary tract catheters and lately also on central venous catheters. We performed a randomised, single-blinded, controlled, first in @entity1 , post Conformit   Europ  enne (EC) certification and CE marking study, focused on Bactiguard   coated ETTs ( @entity1477 ETT). Thirty @entity1 at a tertiary university hospital scheduled for upper abdominal elective surgery with an expected duration of anaesthesia of at least 3  h were randomised; @entity1477 ETT (n   =   20) or standard ETT (n   =   10). The tolerability was assessed with a modified version of Quality of Life Head and Neck Module, QLQ-H_N35 and by inspection of the tracheal mucosa with a fibre-optic bronchoscope before intubation and at extubation. Adverse Events (AE) and bacterial adherence were also studied. Statistical evaluations were carried out with the Fisher's Exact Test, the Clopper-Pearson method, as well as a Proportional Odds Model. RESULTS: Differences between groups were identified in 2 of 8 @entity1 related symptoms with regard to tolerability by QLQ-H_N35 (cough, p   =   0.022 and @entity2133 , p   =   0.014 in the treatment group.). No @entity16 was identified with bronchoscopy. A low level of bacterial colonization with normal flora, equal between groups, was seen after short-term of intubation (median 5  h). No serious Adverse Events related to the use of an ETT were observed. The results should be treated with caution due to statistical confounders, a small study size and large inter-individual variability in bacterial adhesion. CONCLUSIONS: The new device @entity1477 ETT is well tolerated and has good clinical performance during short-term intubation. Studies with larger sample sizes and longer intubation periods (>24  h) in the ICU-setting are needed and can now be planned in order to identify possible differences in clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01682486 , Date of Registration: August, 30, 2012.

title: Tolerability and performance of XXXX endotracheal tubes with noble metal alloy coating - a randomized clinical evaluation study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal damage']

entities_list: @entity11720 :: ('MESH:D010165', 'Chemical') :: ['palladium']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

answer: @entity1477 :: (3309,Gene) :: ['BIP']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bariatric procedures provide an effective means of short term weight loss and sustained weight control for the morbidly @entity28 . The effect of bariatric procedures on smoking habit in @entity28 subjects is not well known. Therefore, we examined the short term effect of bariatric surgery on smoking habit of severe @entity28 @entity1 up to 12  months from the intervention. @entity1 AND METHODS: Smoking habit was assessed in a cohort of 78 morbid smoking @entity28 @entity1 followed at our clinic for bariatric procedures. They underwent non surgical intra-gastric balloon (IB) or surgical procedures such as lap-band laparoscopic surgery (LAGB) or sleeve gastrectomy/gastric by-pass (SPG). Subjects were administered a written questionnaire about their smoking habit before and 3, 6 and 12  months after the procedures. RESULTS: No differences were found among the three groups at 6 and 12  months after the procedures (IB 21  %, LAGB 6  %, SPG 5  %; and IB 14  %, LAGB 3  %, SPG 5  %). Only after 3  months, the rate of quitting of the IB group was higher than LAGB and SPG groups (36  %, 6  % and 5  %, respectively; p   =   0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric procedures have no effects on smoking habit of moderate-to-heavy smoker severe @entity28 @entity1 . The use of other traditional smoking cessation methods in @entity1 undergone to bariatric procedures should be implemented.

title: Smoking Habit in Severe XXXX after bariatric procedures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Obese']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1426 ( @entity12335 ) is a precursor of various lipid mediators. @entity12335 metabolites such as @entity2404 cause @entity1423 and vasoconstriction, thus may lead to @entity731 . It is unclear whether dietary @entity12335 influences the @entity12335 -derived lipid mediator balance and the risk for @entity731 , such as @entity2806 . Considering the function of @entity12335 in @entity731 , it is reasonable to focus on the atherothrombotic type of @entity2806 risk. However, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses have been conducted to evaluate the effect of habitual @entity12335 exposure on @entity2806 risk. We aimed to systematically evaluate observational studies available on the relationship between @entity12335 exposure and the atherothrombotic type of @entity2806 risk in free-living populations. SUMMARY: The PubMed database was searched for articles registered up to June 24, 2014. We designed a PubMed search formula as follows: key words for @entity1 AND @entity2806 AND study designs AND @entity12335 exposure. Thirty-three articles were reviewed against predefined criteria. There were 695 bibliographies assessed from the articles that included both @entity12335 and @entity2806 descriptions. Finally, we identified 11 eligible articles and categorized them according to their reporting and methodological quality. We used the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Statement (STROBE) checklist to score the reporting quality. The methodological quality was qualitatively assessed based on the following aspects: subject selection, @entity12335 exposure assessment, outcome diagnosis, methods for controlling confounders, and statistical analysis. We did not conduct a meta-analysis due to the heterogeneity among the studies. All eligible studies measured blood @entity12335 levels as an indicator of exposure. Our literature search did not identify any articles that evaluated dietary @entity12335 intake and tissue @entity12335 as assessments of exposure. Seven of the 11 eligible articles were considered to be of low quality. No articles reported a dose-dependent positive association between an increased @entity2806 risk and @entity12335 exposure. However, most studies did not assess the risk in each subtype of @entity2806 , thus various etiological types of @entity2806 risk were involved in their results. KEY MESSAGES: We did not find a positive association between @entity12335 exposure and @entity2806 risk. Eligible studies reported inconsistent findings: @entity2806 risk did not change or significantly decreased. We could not draw any conclusions due to the limited number of eligible high-quality studies. Further evidence from well-designed observational studies is required. Simultaneously, in order to develop effective preventive measures against @entity2806 , it is imperative to establish standardized definitions, nomenclatures, classifications, and diagnostic procedures.

title: @entity1426 and XXXX Risk: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia', 'brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity2404 :: ('MESH:D013928', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane A2']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['Arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic disease', 'atherosclerotic diseases']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['Cerebral Ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1426 ( @entity12335 ) is a precursor of various lipid mediators. @entity12335 metabolites such as @entity2404 cause @entity1423 and vasoconstriction, thus may lead to @entity731 . It is unclear whether dietary @entity12335 influences the @entity12335 -derived lipid mediator balance and the risk for @entity731 , such as @entity2806 . Considering the function of @entity12335 in @entity731 , it is reasonable to focus on the atherothrombotic type of @entity2806 risk. However, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses have been conducted to evaluate the effect of habitual @entity12335 exposure on @entity2806 risk. We aimed to systematically evaluate observational studies available on the relationship between @entity12335 exposure and the atherothrombotic type of @entity2806 risk in free-living populations. SUMMARY: The PubMed database was searched for articles registered up to June 24, 2014. We designed a PubMed search formula as follows: key words for @entity1 AND @entity2806 AND study designs AND @entity12335 exposure. Thirty-three articles were reviewed against predefined criteria. There were 695 bibliographies assessed from the articles that included both @entity12335 and @entity2806 descriptions. Finally, we identified 11 eligible articles and categorized them according to their reporting and methodological quality. We used the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Statement (STROBE) checklist to score the reporting quality. The methodological quality was qualitatively assessed based on the following aspects: subject selection, @entity12335 exposure assessment, outcome diagnosis, methods for controlling confounders, and statistical analysis. We did not conduct a meta-analysis due to the heterogeneity among the studies. All eligible studies measured blood @entity12335 levels as an indicator of exposure. Our literature search did not identify any articles that evaluated dietary @entity12335 intake and tissue @entity12335 as assessments of exposure. Seven of the 11 eligible articles were considered to be of low quality. No articles reported a dose-dependent positive association between an increased @entity2806 risk and @entity12335 exposure. However, most studies did not assess the risk in each subtype of @entity2806 , thus various etiological types of @entity2806 risk were involved in their results. KEY MESSAGES: We did not find a positive association between @entity12335 exposure and @entity2806 risk. Eligible studies reported inconsistent findings: @entity2806 risk did not change or significantly decreased. We could not draw any conclusions due to the limited number of eligible high-quality studies. Further evidence from well-designed observational studies is required. Simultaneously, in order to develop effective preventive measures against @entity2806 , it is imperative to establish standardized definitions, nomenclatures, classifications, and diagnostic procedures.

title: XXXX and @entity2806 Risk: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.

answer: @entity1426 :: (MESH:D016718,Chemical) :: ['Arachidonic Acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute exacerbation of @entity1030 (AECOPD) is a common cause of hospitalization and mortality. Recent studies have shown the usefulness of eosinopenia in predicting the outcomes of @entity1 admitted to the intensive care unit. This study examined the association of eosinopenia with the outcomes of @entity1 with AECOPD. METHODS: This is a prospective study. @entity1 with AECOPD were divided into two cohorts: @entity1 with eosinopenia and those without eosinopenia. Duration of hospitalization, need of mechanical ventilation, in-hospital mortality, rehospitalization, or @entity204 within 30 days after discharge were compared between the two cohorts. Eosinopenia was defined as eosinophil count of >40 cells/mm(3). RESULTS: Among 100 @entity1 with AECOPD, 44 were eosinopenic and 56 were non-eosinopenic. Duration of hospitalization of @entity1 with eosinopenia was 12.38    9.85 days and that of @entity1 without eosinopenia was 7.35    5.68 days (p = 0.001). In all, 16 (36%) @entity1 with eosinopenia and seven (12%) @entity1 without eosinopenia needed mechanical ventilation (p = 0.005). In-hospital mortality rate among eosinopenic and noneosinopenic @entity1 was 37.5% (12/44) and 7.6% (4/56), respectively (p = 0.006). Among 100 @entity1 with AECOPD, 16 died in the hospital. Of these, 12 (27.27%) were eosinopenic and 4 (7.6%) were noneosinopenic (p = 0.006). The mean eosinophil count of @entity1 who died in the hospital (n = 16) was 44.00 cells/ml whereas that of survivors (n = 84) was 107.41 cells/ml (p = 0.022). CONCLUSION: We conclude that a significant relationship exists between eosinopenia and outcomes of @entity1 with AECOPD. Thus, eosinopenia can be a useful, easy-to-measure, and inexpensive biomarker for predicting the prognosis of @entity1 with AECOPD.

title: Eosinopenia as a Marker of Outcome in Acute Exacerbations of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease']


abstract: 139 limbs from embalmed specimens were dissected to reveal the attachments of extensor muscles in the vicinity of the lateral epicondyle. M. extensor carpi radialis brevis was found to consist of a keel-shaped tendon with attachments to m. extensor carpi radialis longus, m. extensor digitorum communis, m. supinator; and to the radial collateral ligament, the orbicular ligament, the capsule of the @entity2720 . On 29 limbs, a prolongation of the muscle was identified attaching proximal to the lateral epicondyle. On nine specimens a bursa was evident between the capsule over the head of the radius and the overlying soft tissues. There was no evidence of variation in vascular or nerve supply to the region. Examination of m. extensor carpi radialis brevis while under tension across the elbow, forearm and wrist revealed the greatest muscle lengthening in pronation of the forearm with @entity5494 . The results of this study support the hypothesis that @entity2633 is primarily a mechanically-induced condition. When performing movements at the wrist, with the forearm in pronation, the muscle is at its maximum length. As its origin lies proximal to the @entity717 for flexion and extension at the elbow, it is subject to shearing stress in all movements of the forearm, especially those involving power at the wrist. This is further compounded by the head of the radius rotating anteriorly against m. extensor carpi radialis brevis during pronation of the forearm. Additionally, a number of individuals may experience @entity158 at the head of the radius during pronation, due to irritation of an underlying bursa.

title: XXXX . A review of structures associated with @entity2633 .

entities_list: @entity5494 :: ('MESH:D010262', 'Disease') :: ['palmar flexion and ulnar deviation']

entities_list: @entity2633 :: ('MESH:D013716', 'Disease') :: ['tennis elbow']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['elbow joint and the deep fascia']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['axis of rotation']

answer: @entity2633 :: (MESH:D013716,Disease) :: ['Lateral epicondylitis']


abstract: 139 limbs from embalmed specimens were dissected to reveal the attachments of extensor muscles in the vicinity of the lateral epicondyle. M. extensor carpi radialis brevis was found to consist of a keel-shaped tendon with attachments to m. extensor carpi radialis longus, m. extensor digitorum communis, m. supinator; and to the radial collateral ligament, the orbicular ligament, the capsule of the @entity2720 . On 29 limbs, a prolongation of the muscle was identified attaching proximal to the lateral epicondyle. On nine specimens a bursa was evident between the capsule over the head of the radius and the overlying soft tissues. There was no evidence of variation in vascular or nerve supply to the region. Examination of m. extensor carpi radialis brevis while under tension across the elbow, forearm and wrist revealed the greatest muscle lengthening in pronation of the forearm with @entity5494 . The results of this study support the hypothesis that @entity2633 is primarily a mechanically-induced condition. When performing movements at the wrist, with the forearm in pronation, the muscle is at its maximum length. As its origin lies proximal to the @entity717 for flexion and extension at the elbow, it is subject to shearing stress in all movements of the forearm, especially those involving power at the wrist. This is further compounded by the head of the radius rotating anteriorly against m. extensor carpi radialis brevis during pronation of the forearm. Additionally, a number of individuals may experience @entity158 at the head of the radius during pronation, due to irritation of an underlying bursa.

title: @entity2633 . A review of structures associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity2633 :: (MESH:D013716,Disease) :: ['tennis elbow']


abstract: Study Design   Retrospective case series. Objective   To determine the effect of @entity28 on the resource utilization and cost in 3270 consecutive @entity1 undergoing elective noninstrumented decompressive surgeries for @entity179 at Mayo Clinic Rochester between 2005 and 2012. Methods   Groups were assessed for baseline differences (age, gender, and American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] classification, procedure type, and number of operative levels). Outcome variables included the transfusion requirements during surgery, the total anesthesia and surgical times, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, standardized costs, as well as the ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS). Regression analysis was used to evaluate for strength of association between @entity28 and outcome variables. Results   Baseline differences between the groups (nonobese: n   =   1,853; @entity28 : n   =   1,417) were found with respect to age, ASA class, gender, procedure type, and number of operative levels. After correcting for differences, we found significant associations between @entity28 and surgical (p   <   0.0001) and anesthesia times (p   <   0.0001) and hospital LOS (p   <   0.0001). Additionally, ICU admission rates (p   =   0.02) and requirement for postoperative ventilation (p   =   0.048) were significantly higher in @entity28 @entity1 . Finally, mean difference in total cost ( 1,632, p   <   0.0001) was significantly higher for the @entity28 cohort. Conclusion   Obesity is associated with increased resource utilization and cost in @entity1 undergoing a noninstrumented decompressive surgery for @entity179 .

title: The Impact of Obesity on Perioperative Resource Utilization after Elective Spine Surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative spine disease']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['Degenerative Disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: An internal abdominal herniation is the protrusion of a viscus through a normal or abnormal mesenteric or peritoneal aperture. It is a rare cause of @entity1744 with a reported incidence of 0.2-0.9%. It can either be acquired through a @entity130 or surgical procedure or can be related to @entity6378 . Herniation through transverse mesocolon is very rare. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A case of @entity1321 due to internal herniation through a congenital rent in transverse mesocolon with rotation of gut approximately 180   around axis of the band. @entity1 also had bilateral hypoplastic thenar muscles with rudimentary 1st metacarpals and high arched feet. Reduction along with derotation of gut, with closure of the rent in transverse mesocolon and fixation of the caecum to lateral peritoneum was performed. DISCUSSION: The preoperative diagnosis of @entity154 is difficult because of wide range of acute abdominal symptoms, and there are no specific radiographic findings. CT is the most important diagnostic tool is, with 77% accuracy in such cases. Due to the risk of strangulation of the hernial contents, even small internal hernias are dangerous and may be lethal. CONCLUSION: Internal @entity547 should be suspected in @entity1 with signs and symptoms of @entity1321 , particularly in the absence of inflammatory @entity1944 , external @entity547 or previous laparotomy. Surgical decision-making is on the basis of clinical findings of @entity1944 or @entity63 , and emergency laparotomy should be performed without preoperative diagnosis of such a @entity395 .

title: An unusual case of transverse mesocolic internal XXXX with abnormality of both hands and high arched feet.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric defect']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal diseases', 'intestinal strangulation']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity6378 :: ('MESH:D010532', 'Disease') :: ['congenital peritoneal defects']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction', 'acute intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['hernia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity808 is the term given to @entity5 arising from Schwann cells of any nerve @entity4847 . It may arise in the retroperitoneum, where it can attain enormous sizes and cause considerable diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. A variety of incapacitating symptoms may arise, depending on its size alone and the related contagious organs. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 71-year-old female, who was incapacitated by a giant abdominal mass, associated with @entity353 , immobility, general @entity425 and @entity1142 . Radiologically, the presence of a huge @entity5 was confirmed. A preoperative tissue diagnosis was entertained but omitted, and we resorted to direct surgical excision instead. During surgery, significant @entity548 from the surrounding lumbar vessels was encountered, but it was controlled and the @entity5 was excised intact. Histopathologically, it showed the histologic features of @entity808 . DISCUSSION: In the @entity1 presented here, who was rendered immobile by the @entity5 , total excision or at least debulking seemed appropriate, regardless of any biopsy result. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of @entity808 and its variant " @entity808 " should be considered when a huge @entity5 is encountered. Although CT guided biopsy may be helpful in reaching a preoperative diagnosis, this might not change the decision for the need of total @entity5 excision or at least debulking, in the presence of incapacitating symptoms. With large @entity5 , the possibility of perioperative exanginating @entity548 should be remembered and the necessary precautions activated.

title: XXXX : Is preoperative biopsy always mandatory?

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal schwannoma', 'Schwannoma', 'ancient schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pelviabdominal tumour', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['Giant retroperitoneal ancient schwannoma']


abstract: Objective   To report our results and the technical details of fully endoscopic resection of @entity5513 . Design   Prospective observational study. Setting   A single academic institution involving neurosurgery and neurotology. @entity1   Twelve consecutive @entity1 who underwent fully endoscopic resection of a @entity5513 . Main Outcome Measures   Hearing preservation, based on the American Association of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgeons (AAO-HNS) score as well as the Gardener and Robertson Modified Hearing Classification (GR). Facial nerve preservation based on the House-Brackmann (HB) score. Results   All @entity1 successfully underwent gross total resection. Facial nerve preservation rate was 92% with 11 of 12 @entity1 retaining an HB score of 1/6 postoperatively. Hearing preservation rate was 67% with 8 of 12 @entity1 maintaining a stable AAO-HNS grade and GR score at follow-up. Mean @entity5 size was 1.5 cm (range: 1-2 cm). No @entity1 experienced postoperative @entity5173 , @entity281 , or @entity129 for a complication rate of 0%. Mean operative time was 261.6 minutes with an estimated @entity190 of 56.3 mL and average length of hospital stay of 3.6 days. Conclusion   A purely endoscopic approach is a safe and effective option for hearing preservation surgery for @entity5513 in appropriately selected @entity1 .

title: Endoscopic Resection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular schwannomas', 'vestibular schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leak']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['Vestibular Schwannomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: Deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) is used to decrease cardiac irradiation during @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) for @entity0 . The @entity1 most likely to benefit and the impact on treatment time remain largely unknown. We sought to identify predictors for the use of DIBH and to quantify differences in dosimetry and treatment time using a prospective registry. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 150 @entity1 with @entity0 were enrolled. All @entity1 were simulated with both free breathing (FB) and DIBH. @entity1161 was delivered by either modality. Alternate scans were planned with use of deformable registration to include identical @entity1161 volumes. DIBH @entity1 were monitored by a real-time surface tracking system, AlignRT (Vision @entity1161 , Ltd, London, United Kingdom). Baseline characteristics and treatment times were compared by Fisher exact test and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Dosimetric endpoints were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test, and linear regression identified predictors for change in @entity299 (   @entity299 ). RESULTS: We treated 38 @entity1 with FB and 110 with DIBH. FB @entity1 were older, more likely to have @entity299 , and less likely to receive chemotherapy or immediate reconstruction (all P < .05). Treatment times were not significantly different, but DIBH @entity1 had greater variability in times (P = .0002). Of 146 evaluable @entity1 , DIBH resulted in >20 cGy improvement in @entity299 in 107 @entity1 but a >20 cGy increase in @entity299 in 14. Both @entity299 and lung V20 were significantly lower in DIBH than in paired FB plans. On multivariate analysis, younger age (4.18 cGy per year; P < .0001), higher body mass index (6.06 cGy/kg/m(2); P = .0018), and greater change in lung volumes (130 cGy/L; P = .003) were associated with greater    @entity299 . CONCLUSIONS: DIBH improves cardiac dosimetry without significantly impacting treatment time in most @entity1 . Greater inspiratory lung volumes augment this benefit. Because the improvement with DIBH was not uniform, @entity1 should be scanned with both FB and DIBH.

title: Prospective assessment of deep inspiration breath-hold using 3-dimensional surface tracking for irradiation of left-sided XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['left breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart and lung disease', 'MHD', 'mean heart dose']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Long-chain @entity1474 (LCPUFA) are important for prenatal brain development. Previous studies of others assessed outcome until 7years. The associations between neonatal LCPUFA status and long-term developmental outcome are debated. AIM: To investigate the relationship between @entity844 status at birth and neurodevelopment at 9years. Age 9 is a unique age after a significant neurodevelopmental transition. STUDY DESIGN: Correlation study. Multivariable analyses were carried out to adjust for potential confounders. SUBJECTS: 317 @entity1 who participated in a trial on effects of postnatal LCPUFA supplementation were eligible. 235 @entity1 (74%) were reassessed at age 9. OUTCOME MEASURES: At birth, @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) and @entity1426 (AA) were determined in the wall of the umbilical vein. We primarily studied the correlation between @entity4601 and AA with the complex form of minor @entity51 (cMND). Secondary correlations that were studied were @entity4601 and AA levels with cognitive development in terms of full IQ, and with behavioural development in terms of a total problem score. RESULTS: @entity1 with cMND showed lower @entity4601 values in the umbilical vein than @entity1 with better neurological condition (p=0.033). A similar association was absent in @entity1 . Neonatal AA values were not associated with neurological outcome. Neither neonatal @entity4601 nor AA values were associated with cognition and behaviour at 9. CONCLUSIONS: Higher umbilical @entity4601 levels in @entity1 are associated with better neurological development at 9years. AA status at birth was not associated with neurodevelopment at 9years.

title: Neonatal XXXX status and neurodevelopmental outcome at 9years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Boys', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological dysfunction']

answer: @entity844 :: (CHEBI:35366,Chemical) :: ['fatty acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Considering the proximity to cranial nerves from II to VI and the internal carotid artery microsurgery for @entity15265 ( @entity15265 ) has its limits of complete resection, with high potential @entity5 recurrences, cranial nerve and vascular morbidity. Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) is an advanced modality as primary treatment for @entity1 harboring symptomatic benign confined @entity15265 as well as adjuvant therapy to postoperative @entity41 giving a high rate of @entity5 control, stabilizing or even improving clinical condition with low morbidity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of GKS used in the management of 62 @entity1 with symptomatic benign confined @entity15265   <   3  cm in maximum diameters treated at the International Medical Centre (IMC), Cairo, Egypt, from 2005 to end of 2012, with mean follow-up period of 36  months (range, 24-96  months) by reviewing their clinical and radiological data. For 51 @entity1 GKS was performed as a primary treatment. The diagnosis was based on typical clinical and imaging findings and in 11 @entity1 GKS was used as adjuvant to post-operative @entity5 residual with histological confirmation. RESULTS: There were 43 females and 19 males. The median age at the time of treatment was 48  years. The mean @entity5 volume was 5.7  cc, the mean @entity5 marginal radiation dose was 14.4  Gy, the mean isodose line was 38  %, and the mean @entity5 coverage was 94.4  %. The optic pathway received    <   8  Gy and the brain stem    <   10  Gy. At most recent follow-up, 57 @entity1 (92  %) had stable or improved @entity129 . @entity129 were detected in five @entity1 (8  %). @entity5 volume was controlled in 60 @entity1 (96  %) at most recent follow-up MRI; 12 @entity1 had a reduction in @entity5 size and 42 had stable @entity5 size, while @entity5 size progression was detected in two @entity1 . The @entity5 progression-free survival at 3 and 5  years in 40 @entity1 who completed at least 5  years of follow-up was 95  %. CONCLUSIONS: Gamma Knife surgery is a safe and effective option for the treatment of @entity15265 not only as an adjuvant to surgery but also as an alternative to surgical @entity5 confined mainly to the cavernous sinus.

title: Stereotactic Gamma Knife surgery safety and efficacy in the management of symptomatic benign confined XXXX .

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve deficits', 'Post-GKS cranial nerve complications']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'removal in tumors']

entities_list: @entity15265 :: ('MESH:D020226', 'Disease') :: ['CSM', 'cavernous sinus meningioma']

answer: @entity15265 :: (MESH:D020226,Disease) :: ['cavernous sinus meningioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 @entity22547 ( @entity22547 ), a @entity563 protease, plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and @entity5 growth. In this work, we investigated @entity22547 immunoexpression in various types of surgically removed @entity1 @entity977 . DESIGN: Specimens were fixed in @entity406 and embedded in paraffin. Immunostaining was performed by the streptavidin- @entity1885 -peroxidase complex protocol using the LSAB+ Kit and a @entity22547 -specific rabbit polyclonal antibody. RESULTS: Results showed that both treated and untreated prolactin-producing @entity977 as well as TSH-producing @entity977 were conclusively immunopositive for @entity22547 . Immunostaining was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and was clearly visible in many @entity652 cells. In various other @entity5 types ( @entity1637 , gonadotroph, somatotroph @entity652 , and @entity189 ), cytoplasmic immunopositivity was mild to moderate and seen only in a few unevenly distributed @entity652 cells. Immunopositivity in the nuclei of various @entity5 types, as well as dual cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of @entity22547 in some of the @entity5 types, was an intriguing finding. Immunoexpression in GH-producing @entity652 exposed to @entity2390 , a long-acting @entity1943 analog, was significantly increased when compared to unexposed GH-producing @entity5 . CONCLUSION: More studies are needed to ascertain the role of @entity22547 in @entity977 development, prognosis, and progression. The question of whether @entity74 and the microenvironment can affect @entity22547 immunoexpression should also be investigated.

title: @entity1 kallikrein 10 in surgically removed @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity22547 :: ('5655', 'Gene') :: ['KLK10', 'kallikrein-like peptidase 10']

entities_list: @entity1637 :: ('MESH:D018249', 'Disease') :: ['oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas and carcinomas', 'pituitary tumor', 'pituitary tumors']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary adenomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 @entity22547 ( @entity22547 ), a @entity563 protease, plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and @entity5 growth. In this work, we investigated @entity22547 immunoexpression in various types of surgically removed @entity1 @entity977 . DESIGN: Specimens were fixed in @entity406 and embedded in paraffin. Immunostaining was performed by the streptavidin- @entity1885 -peroxidase complex protocol using the LSAB+ Kit and a @entity22547 -specific rabbit polyclonal antibody. RESULTS: Results showed that both treated and untreated prolactin-producing @entity977 as well as TSH-producing @entity977 were conclusively immunopositive for @entity22547 . Immunostaining was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and was clearly visible in many @entity652 cells. In various other @entity5 types ( @entity1637 , gonadotroph, somatotroph @entity652 , and @entity189 ), cytoplasmic immunopositivity was mild to moderate and seen only in a few unevenly distributed @entity652 cells. Immunopositivity in the nuclei of various @entity5 types, as well as dual cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of @entity22547 in some of the @entity5 types, was an intriguing finding. Immunoexpression in GH-producing @entity652 exposed to @entity2390 , a long-acting @entity1943 analog, was significantly increased when compared to unexposed GH-producing @entity5 . CONCLUSION: More studies are needed to ascertain the role of @entity22547 in @entity977 development, prognosis, and progression. The question of whether @entity74 and the microenvironment can affect @entity22547 immunoexpression should also be investigated.

title: XXXX kallikrein 10 in surgically removed @entity1 @entity977 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 @entity22547 ( @entity22547 ), a @entity563 protease, plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and @entity5 growth. In this work, we investigated @entity22547 immunoexpression in various types of surgically removed @entity1 @entity977 . DESIGN: Specimens were fixed in @entity406 and embedded in paraffin. Immunostaining was performed by the streptavidin- @entity1885 -peroxidase complex protocol using the LSAB+ Kit and a @entity22547 -specific rabbit polyclonal antibody. RESULTS: Results showed that both treated and untreated prolactin-producing @entity977 as well as TSH-producing @entity977 were conclusively immunopositive for @entity22547 . Immunostaining was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and was clearly visible in many @entity652 cells. In various other @entity5 types ( @entity1637 , gonadotroph, somatotroph @entity652 , and @entity189 ), cytoplasmic immunopositivity was mild to moderate and seen only in a few unevenly distributed @entity652 cells. Immunopositivity in the nuclei of various @entity5 types, as well as dual cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of @entity22547 in some of the @entity5 types, was an intriguing finding. Immunoexpression in GH-producing @entity652 exposed to @entity2390 , a long-acting @entity1943 analog, was significantly increased when compared to unexposed GH-producing @entity5 . CONCLUSION: More studies are needed to ascertain the role of @entity22547 in @entity977 development, prognosis, and progression. The question of whether @entity74 and the microenvironment can affect @entity22547 immunoexpression should also be investigated.

title: @entity1 kallikrein 10 in surgically removed XXXX @entity977 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study @entity1503 ( @entity1503 ) in @entity1 suffering from @entity3610 and compare these results with age and BMI-matched healthy @entity1 . The specific aim of this study was to assess the possible correlations of @entity1503 with the major components of @entity3610 , @entity28 , @entity2690 resistance and @entity3428 . DESIGN: Anthropometrical, metabolic and hormonal data were analyzed from 203 @entity1 with @entity3610 (NIH criteria) and 76 age-matched controls. RESULTS: In the total population studied (N=279), @entity1503 was significantly higher (P=0.003) in the @entity3610 group compared with age-matched healthy @entity1 and was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.461, p<0.001), total @entity251 (r= 0.210, p<0.001), @entity2690 (r=0.271, p<0.001), @entity1674 (r=0.285, p<0.001), HOMA score (r=0.206, p=0.001), FAI (r=0.329, p<0.001) and negatively correlated with @entity443 (r=-0.300, p<0.001) and HDL (r=-0.222, p<0.001). Due to the fact that WHR was only available in the group of @entity3610 @entity1 , the role of central adiposity is assessed only in this group. Multiple regression analysis in the @entity3610 group, including WHR, revealed BMI, @entity443 and TGL as the main predicting factors of @entity1503 . Multinomial logistic regression analysis was also conducted and overweight/ @entity28 was the sole independent risk factor for elevated @entity1503 (higher tertile) (OR:0.907 CI:0.85-0.96, p=0.002). After dividing the sample based on BMI in the lean subgroups, @entity1503 did not differ significantly between @entity3610 and controls, while multiple regression analysis indicated @entity443 as the main predicting factor of @entity1503 . Finally, we picked out the group of overweight/ @entity28 (BMI >= 25 kg/m2) @entity1 with @entity3610 and conducted another classification based on HOMA score (HOMA-IR <=2: @entity2690 -sensitive @entity1 , HOMA-IR>2: @entity2690 -resistant @entity1 ) in the group of overweight and @entity28 @entity1 with @entity3610 separately. In overweight @entity1 with @entity3610 , @entity1503 , although higher in the group of @entity2690 -resistant, did not differ significantly between the two groups, while in the subcategory of overweight @entity1 @entity1503 was significantly (p=0.02) higher in the group of @entity2690 -resistant @entity1 (HOMA-IR >2). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic low-grade @entity32 and increased white cell count do occur in @entity3610 . @entity28 and @entity2690 resistance are the two leading parameters that act accumulatively in the development of leucocytosis, whereas @entity3428 does not seem to affect it.

title: White blood cells levels and XXXX : direct and indirect relationship with @entity28 and @entity2690 resistance, but not with hyperandogenemia.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity3428 :: ('MESH:D017588', 'Disease') :: ['hyperandrogenism']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['white blood cells count', 'WBC']

answer: @entity3610 :: (MESH:D011085,Disease) :: ['PCOS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study @entity1503 ( @entity1503 ) in @entity1 suffering from @entity3610 and compare these results with age and BMI-matched healthy @entity1 . The specific aim of this study was to assess the possible correlations of @entity1503 with the major components of @entity3610 , @entity28 , @entity2690 resistance and @entity3428 . DESIGN: Anthropometrical, metabolic and hormonal data were analyzed from 203 @entity1 with @entity3610 (NIH criteria) and 76 age-matched controls. RESULTS: In the total population studied (N=279), @entity1503 was significantly higher (P=0.003) in the @entity3610 group compared with age-matched healthy @entity1 and was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.461, p<0.001), total @entity251 (r= 0.210, p<0.001), @entity2690 (r=0.271, p<0.001), @entity1674 (r=0.285, p<0.001), HOMA score (r=0.206, p=0.001), FAI (r=0.329, p<0.001) and negatively correlated with @entity443 (r=-0.300, p<0.001) and HDL (r=-0.222, p<0.001). Due to the fact that WHR was only available in the group of @entity3610 @entity1 , the role of central adiposity is assessed only in this group. Multiple regression analysis in the @entity3610 group, including WHR, revealed BMI, @entity443 and TGL as the main predicting factors of @entity1503 . Multinomial logistic regression analysis was also conducted and overweight/ @entity28 was the sole independent risk factor for elevated @entity1503 (higher tertile) (OR:0.907 CI:0.85-0.96, p=0.002). After dividing the sample based on BMI in the lean subgroups, @entity1503 did not differ significantly between @entity3610 and controls, while multiple regression analysis indicated @entity443 as the main predicting factor of @entity1503 . Finally, we picked out the group of overweight/ @entity28 (BMI >= 25 kg/m2) @entity1 with @entity3610 and conducted another classification based on HOMA score (HOMA-IR <=2: @entity2690 -sensitive @entity1 , HOMA-IR>2: @entity2690 -resistant @entity1 ) in the group of overweight and @entity28 @entity1 with @entity3610 separately. In overweight @entity1 with @entity3610 , @entity1503 , although higher in the group of @entity2690 -resistant, did not differ significantly between the two groups, while in the subcategory of overweight @entity1 @entity1503 was significantly (p=0.02) higher in the group of @entity2690 -resistant @entity1 (HOMA-IR >2). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic low-grade @entity32 and increased white cell count do occur in @entity3610 . @entity28 and @entity2690 resistance are the two leading parameters that act accumulatively in the development of leucocytosis, whereas @entity3428 does not seem to affect it.

title: White blood cells levels and @entity3610 : direct and indirect relationship with XXXX and @entity2690 resistance, but not with hyperandogenemia.

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study @entity1503 ( @entity1503 ) in @entity1 suffering from @entity3610 and compare these results with age and BMI-matched healthy @entity1 . The specific aim of this study was to assess the possible correlations of @entity1503 with the major components of @entity3610 , @entity28 , @entity2690 resistance and @entity3428 . DESIGN: Anthropometrical, metabolic and hormonal data were analyzed from 203 @entity1 with @entity3610 (NIH criteria) and 76 age-matched controls. RESULTS: In the total population studied (N=279), @entity1503 was significantly higher (P=0.003) in the @entity3610 group compared with age-matched healthy @entity1 and was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.461, p<0.001), total @entity251 (r= 0.210, p<0.001), @entity2690 (r=0.271, p<0.001), @entity1674 (r=0.285, p<0.001), HOMA score (r=0.206, p=0.001), FAI (r=0.329, p<0.001) and negatively correlated with @entity443 (r=-0.300, p<0.001) and HDL (r=-0.222, p<0.001). Due to the fact that WHR was only available in the group of @entity3610 @entity1 , the role of central adiposity is assessed only in this group. Multiple regression analysis in the @entity3610 group, including WHR, revealed BMI, @entity443 and TGL as the main predicting factors of @entity1503 . Multinomial logistic regression analysis was also conducted and overweight/ @entity28 was the sole independent risk factor for elevated @entity1503 (higher tertile) (OR:0.907 CI:0.85-0.96, p=0.002). After dividing the sample based on BMI in the lean subgroups, @entity1503 did not differ significantly between @entity3610 and controls, while multiple regression analysis indicated @entity443 as the main predicting factor of @entity1503 . Finally, we picked out the group of overweight/ @entity28 (BMI >= 25 kg/m2) @entity1 with @entity3610 and conducted another classification based on HOMA score (HOMA-IR <=2: @entity2690 -sensitive @entity1 , HOMA-IR>2: @entity2690 -resistant @entity1 ) in the group of overweight and @entity28 @entity1 with @entity3610 separately. In overweight @entity1 with @entity3610 , @entity1503 , although higher in the group of @entity2690 -resistant, did not differ significantly between the two groups, while in the subcategory of overweight @entity1 @entity1503 was significantly (p=0.02) higher in the group of @entity2690 -resistant @entity1 (HOMA-IR >2). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic low-grade @entity32 and increased white cell count do occur in @entity3610 . @entity28 and @entity2690 resistance are the two leading parameters that act accumulatively in the development of leucocytosis, whereas @entity3428 does not seem to affect it.

title: White blood cells levels and @entity3610 : direct and indirect relationship with @entity28 and XXXX resistance, but not with hyperandogenemia.

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: Purpose. To study radiological response to stereotactic radiotherapy for focal @entity96 . Materials and Methods. In this IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant study CTs of 68 consecutive @entity1 who underwent stereotactic radiotherapy for @entity96 between 01/2006 and 01/2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Two independent reviewers evaluated lesion volume and enhancement pattern of the lesion and of juxtaposed liver parenchyma. Results. 36 subjects with @entity157 ( @entity157 ), 25 with liver @entity3 , and seven with @entity201 ( @entity201 ) were included in study. Mean follow-up time was 5.6    7.1 months for @entity157 , 6.4    5.1 months for @entity3 , and 10.1    4.8 months for the @entity201 . Complete response was seen in 4/36 (11.1%) HCCs and 1/25 (4%) @entity3 . Partial response (>30% decrease in long diameter) was seen in 25/36 (69%) HCCs, 14/25 (58%) @entity3 , and 7/7 (100%) of CCCs. Partial response followed by local recurrence (>20% increase in long diameter from nadir) occurred in 2/36 (6%) HCCs and 4/25 (17%) @entity3 . Liver parenchyma adjacent to the lesion demonstrated a prominent halo of delayed enhancement in 27/36 (78%) of HCCs, 19/21 (91%) of @entity3 , and 7/7 (100%) of CCCs. Conclusion. Sustainable radiological partial response to stereotactic radiotherapy is most frequent outcome seen in @entity409 . Prominent halo of delayed enhancement of the adjacent liver is frequent finding.

title: CT Imaging Findings after Stereotactic Radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver lesions']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma', 'CCC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['Liver Tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It remains unknown whether sequestrectomy provides better outcomes than microdiscectomy for @entity890 ( @entity890 ). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to compare the effects of sequestrectomy and microdiscectomy in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity890 . METHODS: Clinical trials published in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically reviewed to compare the effects of sequestrectomy and microdiscectomy for @entity890 . Outcomes included reherniation rate, duration of surgery, length of hospital stay, and postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scales for @entity615 . A fixed-effects or random-effects were used to pool the estimates, depending on the heterogeneity among the studies. RESULTS: Five cohorts and two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 929 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. All @entity1 underwent sequestrectomy or microdiscectomy. Pooled estimates showed that @entity1 treated with sequestrectomy had comparable effects in reherniation rate (RR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.81, 2.27; P = 0.240), length of hospital stay (WMD = -0.22 days, 95% CI: -0.45, 0.01; P = 0.060), and postoperative VAS scales for leg @entity158 (WMD = 0.53, 95% CI: -1.54, 2.60; P = 0.617) or back @entity158 (WMD = 0.18, 95% CI: -1.64, 2.00; P = 0.846), but had a shorter duration of surgery (WMD = -6.97 minutes, 95% CI: -12.15, -1.78; P = 0.008), when compared with those treated with microdiscectomy. CONCLUSION: Based on the current evidence, sequestrectomy significantly reduced the operational time, but had similar effects on reherniation rate, length of hospital stay, and postoperative VAS scales for @entity615 , when compared with microdiscectomy. Further well-designed randomized controlled studies are needed to identify our findings.

title: Sequestrectomy versus microdiscectomy in the treatment of XXXX : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['leg and back pains']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['LHD', 'lumbar herniated discs']

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['lumbar disc herniation']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the surgical outcomes of 47 @entity1 who underwent hemorrhoidal arterial ligation under vision (LUV) for symptomatic Grade II and @entity6713 . METHODS: A total of 47 @entity1 who underwent LUV between May 2005 and February 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. The @entity1 were evaluated with regard to demographic data, grade of the disease, symptoms, medical and/or surgical treatment previously received, operation time, @entity158 scores, analgesic requirement, length of hospital stay, and complications related to the procedure. RESULTS: The study population (n  =  47) included 31 (65.9%) @entity1 and 16 (34.1%) @entity1 with a median age of 37.4      11.7 (range, 19-63) years. Of these 47 @entity1 , 18 (38.3%) @entity1 had Grade II @entity6713 ( @entity6713 ) and 29 (61.7%) @entity1 had @entity6713 . On average, six ligatures (range, 3-8) were used. The mean operation time was 27      4.8 (range, 15-35) minutes. No major complication that required surgical intervention occurred in the early postoperative period for any of the @entity1 except for two @entity1 with @entity1410 . The mean hospital stay was 1.2      0.65 (range, 1-4) days. The median follow-up period was 21.5      7.7 (range, 12-44) months. At the last follow-up, 38 (80.8%) @entity1 remained asymptomatic; two (4.2%) @entity1 with Grade II @entity6713 and four (8.5%) @entity1 with @entity6713 were still suffering from @entity548 but with a reduction in the frequency; @entity6713 were detected only in three (6.3%) @entity1 . CONCLUSION: LUV is a safe and easily applied alternative technique with @entity260 for the surgical treatment of symptomatic @entity6713 .

title: Ligation under vision in the management of symptomatic XXXX : A preliminary experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['low postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['rectal submucosal hematoma']

entities_list: @entity6713 :: ('MESH:D006484', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhoidal disease', 'prolapsed hemorrhoids', 'Grade III hemorrhoids', 'Grade II and III HD', 'HD', 'Grade III HD']

answer: @entity6713 :: (MESH:D006484,Disease) :: ['hemorrhoids']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluated pregnancy outcomes, maternal and fetal/neonatal, during the Treatment Options for type 2 @entity6 in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The TODAY study was a randomized controlled trial comparing three treatment options for youth with type 2 @entity6 . Informed consent included the requirement for contraception, including abstinence; this was reinforced at each visit. Following informed consent, self-reported data related to the mother's prenatal care and delivery and the @entity1 's health were retrospectively collected. When permitted, maternal medical records and @entity1 birth records were reviewed. RESULTS: Of the 452 enrolled female @entity1 , 46 (10.2%) had 63 pregnancies. Despite continued emphasis on adequate contraception, only 4.8% of the pregnant @entity1 reported using contraception prior to pregnancy. The mean age at first pregnancy was 18.4 years; the mean @entity6 duration was 3.17 years. Seven pregnancies were electively terminated; three pregnancies had no data reported. Of the remaining 53 pregnancies, 5 (9.4%) resulted in early @entity393 , and 7 (13%) resulted in loss with inadequate pregnancy duration data. Two pregnancies ended in stillbirth, at 27 and 37 weeks, and 39 ended with a live-born @entity1 . Of the live-born @entity1 , six (15.4%) were preterm and eight (20.5%) had a major @entity154 . CONCLUSIONS: Despite @entity6 -specific information recommending birth control and the avoidance of pregnancy, 10% of the study @entity1 became pregnant. Pregnancies in youth with type 2 @entity6 may be especially prone to result in @entity154 . Reasons for the high rate of @entity154 are uncertain, but may include poor metabolic control and extreme @entity28 .

title: Pregnancy Outcomes in Youth With Type 2 XXXX : The TODAY Study Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly', 'congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concern for @entity260 causing airway compromise has limited widespread acceptance of ambulatory thyroid surgery. We evaluated differences in outcomes and hospital costs in those monitored for a short stay of 6  h (SS), inpatient observation of 6-23  h (IO), or inpatient admission of >23  h (IA). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all @entity1 undergoing thyroidectomy from 2006 to 2012. The incidence of @entity86 , @entity129 , and @entity3747 were evaluated, as well as cost data comparing the SS and IO groups. RESULTS: Of 1447 thyroidectomies, 880 (60.8  %) were performed as SS, 401 (27.7  %) as IO, and 166 (11.5  %) as IA. Fewer @entity1 in the SS group (59  %) underwent total thyroidectomy than IO (73  %) and IA (71  %; p  <  0.01), and SS @entity1 had smaller thyroid weights (27.9  g) compared with IO and IA (47.2 and 98.9  g, respectively; p  <  0.01). Ten (0.69  %) @entity1 developed @entity1410 requiring reoperation, five of the ten patients received antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy perioperatively. Only one @entity1 in the IA group bled within the 6- to 23-h period, and no @entity1 with @entity548 who were discharged at 6  h would have benefitted from 23-h observation. Twenty-four (1.66  %) recurrent @entity13587 were identified, 16 with @entity346 . In addition, 24 (1.66  %) @entity1 had symptomatic @entity3747 , which was transient in 17 individuals. Financial data showed higher payments and lower costs associated with SS compared with IO. CONCLUSIONS: Selective SS thyroidectomy can be safe and cost effective, with few overall complications in @entity1 undergoing more complex operations involving larger thyroids who were admitted to hospital.

title: An XXXX and Cost After Short-Stay Thyroid Operations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['nerve dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity13587 :: ('MESH:D061224', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal nerve injuries']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['temporary neuropraxias']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['Evaluation of Postoperative Complications']


abstract: One hundred ninety-six head and neck @entity1 were studied to determine the effects of radiation therapy and surgery on thyroid function. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were obtained as a screening test for @entity1375 . Elevated TSH levels were found in 57 of the 196 @entity1 (29.1%). The highest incidence of abnormal TSH values (66%) occurred in the group treated with combination radiation therapy and surgery, including partial thyroidectomy. TSH levels rose early in the posttreatment period with 60% of the abnormal values occurring within the first three posttreatment years. Posttreatment @entity1374 was twice as common in @entity1 (48.6%) as in @entity1 (25.4%). When serum @entity1955 levels by radioimmunoassay (T4RIA) were correlated with the elevated serum TSH levels, a similar pattern was seen with 65% of the @entity1 in Group 3 having a decreased T4RIA level indicating @entity1375 . Pretreatment levels of thyroid function including thyroid antibody studies should be established for all @entity1 . Serial TSH levels should be done every three months during the first three posttreatment years and semiannually thereafter as long as the @entity1 will return for follow-up care. All @entity1 treated with combination radiation therapy and surgery who develop elevated TSH levels should be treated with thyroid replacement therapy. @entity1 receiving radiation therapy alone should receive replacement thyroid therapy if they develop a depressed T4RIA value or a pattern of gradually increasing TSH levels.

title: XXXX following treatment for head and neck cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['overt hypothyroidism', 'primary hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid dysfunction']

answer: @entity1375 :: (MESH:D007037,Disease) :: ['Hypothyroidism']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are very few surveys devoted to the prevalence of @entity565 and @entity1030 in the general population. The Motorola Health System has been developed to make such surveys easier. OBJECTIVES: The main objective was to assess the acceptability and efficacy of the Motorola Health system in collecting health data at home in the context of an epidemiological study of respiratory health. The secondary objective was to determine whether a home-based survey would lead to a higher participation rate than a hospital-based survey. METHODS: Four hundred and eighty-three individuals were selected from the electoral rolls of the 15th district of Marseille and randomly divided into two groups: home-based and hospital-based. The protocol included a questionnaire, several measurements: height, weight, blood pressure, spirometry and pulse oxymetry, and blood sampling. All data were transferred to a portable computer. RESULTS: Data acquisition and transfer worked well. Among the 232  subjects from the home-based survey, 62 (26.7%) participated, whereas only 36 (14.3%) of the 251  subjects from the hospital-based group did so (P<0.001). In an additional telephone survey, @entity1 (13.6%) and non- @entity1 (11.0%) had the same (P<0.9) prevalence of @entity565 . CONCLUSION: The Motorola Health System allowed accurate data acquisition and transfer in the context of an epidemiological survey of respiratory health. A home-based survey gave a higher participation rate than a hospital-based one.

title: [The feasibility of screening for XXXX and @entity565 in the general population].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are very few surveys devoted to the prevalence of @entity565 and @entity1030 in the general population. The Motorola Health System has been developed to make such surveys easier. OBJECTIVES: The main objective was to assess the acceptability and efficacy of the Motorola Health system in collecting health data at home in the context of an epidemiological study of respiratory health. The secondary objective was to determine whether a home-based survey would lead to a higher participation rate than a hospital-based survey. METHODS: Four hundred and eighty-three individuals were selected from the electoral rolls of the 15th district of Marseille and randomly divided into two groups: home-based and hospital-based. The protocol included a questionnaire, several measurements: height, weight, blood pressure, spirometry and pulse oxymetry, and blood sampling. All data were transferred to a portable computer. RESULTS: Data acquisition and transfer worked well. Among the 232  subjects from the home-based survey, 62 (26.7%) participated, whereas only 36 (14.3%) of the 251  subjects from the hospital-based group did so (P<0.001). In an additional telephone survey, @entity1 (13.6%) and non- @entity1 (11.0%) had the same (P<0.9) prevalence of @entity565 . CONCLUSION: The Motorola Health System allowed accurate data acquisition and transfer in the context of an epidemiological survey of respiratory health. A home-based survey gave a higher participation rate than a hospital-based one.

title: [The feasibility of screening for @entity1030 and XXXX in the general population].

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 is the most advanced stage of @entity2 for which radical (potentially curative) treatment is often discussed. Understanding the reasons for mortality and subsequent treatments in @entity1 with stage iii @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is important. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study extracted demographic, clinical, treatment, and outcomes data for @entity1 with newly diagnosed stage iii @entity1149 diagnosed between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2012 at a single institution. RESULTS: The study included 237 @entity1 with stage iii @entity1149 , 130 of whom were not treated with radical or curative intent (55%). Median survival in the entire cohort was 14 months from diagnosis. For @entity1 treated with radical-intent therapy, causes of @entity204 varied with the time period. The hazard rate for @entity204 was approximately 2.8 per 100 @entity1 -months of follow-up over the entire disease course and was highest between 6 months and 24 months. Over the entire time period, local causes accounted for 29% of @entity204 ; systemic @entity6220 , for 25%; and brain metastases, for 14%. For @entity1 treated with palliative intent, the overwhelming cause of @entity204 was @entity66 or progression (56% of @entity204 ). Only 12% of @entity1 in the palliative treatment group who progressed received subsequent chemotherapy; 23% of @entity1 in the radical group who progressed received palliative chemotherapy. The most frequent subsequent treatment in both groups was radiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The eventual life-ending event in stage iii @entity1149 varied for the @entity1 who qualified for, and were treated with, radical or curative intent and for the @entity1 who received palliative-intent therapy. Utilization of systemic chemotherapy in @entity1 not fit for radical therapy is low.

title: Causes of XXXX and subsequent treatment after initial radical or palliative therapy of stage III @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['non-central nervous system metastases']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease complications']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Stage iii lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer', 'nsclc']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 is the most advanced stage of @entity2 for which radical (potentially curative) treatment is often discussed. Understanding the reasons for mortality and subsequent treatments in @entity1 with stage iii @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is important. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study extracted demographic, clinical, treatment, and outcomes data for @entity1 with newly diagnosed stage iii @entity1149 diagnosed between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2012 at a single institution. RESULTS: The study included 237 @entity1 with stage iii @entity1149 , 130 of whom were not treated with radical or curative intent (55%). Median survival in the entire cohort was 14 months from diagnosis. For @entity1 treated with radical-intent therapy, causes of @entity204 varied with the time period. The hazard rate for @entity204 was approximately 2.8 per 100 @entity1 -months of follow-up over the entire disease course and was highest between 6 months and 24 months. Over the entire time period, local causes accounted for 29% of @entity204 ; systemic @entity6220 , for 25%; and brain metastases, for 14%. For @entity1 treated with palliative intent, the overwhelming cause of @entity204 was @entity66 or progression (56% of @entity204 ). Only 12% of @entity1 in the palliative treatment group who progressed received subsequent chemotherapy; 23% of @entity1 in the radical group who progressed received palliative chemotherapy. The most frequent subsequent treatment in both groups was radiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The eventual life-ending event in stage iii @entity1149 varied for the @entity1 who qualified for, and were treated with, radical or curative intent and for the @entity1 who received palliative-intent therapy. Utilization of systemic chemotherapy in @entity1 not fit for radical therapy is low.

title: Causes of @entity204 and subsequent treatment after initial radical or palliative therapy of stage III XXXX .

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: The presence of a family history of @entity726 is a known risk factor for @entity725 ( @entity725 ) in middle-aged and older individuals. In this study, our aim was to demonstrate possible early @entity2342 in young first- and second-degree relatives of @entity725 @entity1 by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. A total of 104 @entity1 (52 relatives of @entity725 @entity1 and 52 healthy individuals) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. All the @entity1 were between 17 years and 45 years of age. All eyes underwent testing with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, hemifield macular thickness, @entity1020 cell complex thickness, posterior pole asymmetry analysis, and retinal arteriolar caliber measurements were taken for comparison between the study and control groups. The mean peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was 104.9    8.8  m in the study group and 105.6    7.4  m in the control group (p = 0.68). Although whole macular thickness measurements were higher in the control group when compared with the study group (p = 0.008), the @entity1020 cell complex thickness was similar in both groups (p = 0.87). The posterior pole asymmetry analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups in the aspect of consecutive black squares (p = 0.79). The mean retinal arteriolar caliber was 85.9    4.8  m in the study group and 86.0    5.0  m in the control group (p = 0.90). In conclusion, young relatives of @entity725 @entity1 do not show characteristic @entity16 when compared with the controls.

title: Posterior pole asymmetry analysis and retinal thickness measurements in young relatives of XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['primary open-angle glaucoma', 'POAG']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous damage']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular ganglion']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous alterations']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: The presence of a family history of @entity726 is a known risk factor for @entity725 ( @entity725 ) in middle-aged and older individuals. In this study, our aim was to demonstrate possible early @entity2342 in young first- and second-degree relatives of @entity725 @entity1 by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. A total of 104 @entity1 (52 relatives of @entity725 @entity1 and 52 healthy individuals) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. All the @entity1 were between 17 years and 45 years of age. All eyes underwent testing with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, hemifield macular thickness, @entity1020 cell complex thickness, posterior pole asymmetry analysis, and retinal arteriolar caliber measurements were taken for comparison between the study and control groups. The mean peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was 104.9    8.8  m in the study group and 105.6    7.4  m in the control group (p = 0.68). Although whole macular thickness measurements were higher in the control group when compared with the study group (p = 0.008), the @entity1020 cell complex thickness was similar in both groups (p = 0.87). The posterior pole asymmetry analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups in the aspect of consecutive black squares (p = 0.79). The mean retinal arteriolar caliber was 85.9    4.8  m in the study group and 86.0    5.0  m in the control group (p = 0.90). In conclusion, young relatives of @entity725 @entity1 do not show characteristic @entity16 when compared with the controls.

title: Posterior pole asymmetry analysis and retinal thickness measurements in young relatives of @entity726 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1341 , an @entity6346 type long-acting local anaesthetic is commonly employed for epidural anesthesia and as well for nerve blockades. However, studies have shown @entity2359 following local administration of @entity1341 raising concerns over the use of the drug. Compounds that could minimize or inhibit toxic effects of @entity1341 are of high value in operative settings and in @entity158 management. The present study aims to investigate if @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) could inhibit or prevent @entity1341 @entity137 in @entity521 cells (N2a and SH-SY5Y). The viability of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells following exposure to @entity3090 (10-50   M) were assessed by @entity98 assay and @entity4404 /PI staining. The influence of @entity3090 on ROS generation was determined. The expression of apoptotic cascade proteins ( @entity15418 , @entity1836 , @entity1835 , @entity589 , @entity588 ) and @entity584 ( @entity584 , p- @entity584 , @entity9459 , p- @entity9459 , @entity983 ) were analyzed by western blotting. @entity3090 improved the viability of the cells and inhibited apoptosis by potentially decreasing the expression of caspases and pro-apoptotic proteins. @entity1341 induced ROS generations were reduced on @entity3090 exposure. @entity3090 significantly promoted the phosphorylation of @entity584 and @entity9459 and down-regulated @entity983 , thus activating @entity13959 / @entity584 signalling. @entity3090 effectively improved the cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells via suppression of ROS generation and modulation of PI3K/ @entity584 signalling cascade.

title: Neuroprotection by @entity3089 against @entity1341 anesthesia induced @entity137 involves modulation of @entity13959 / @entity584 / XXXX signalling in N2a and SH-SY5Y cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['epigallo catechin gallate']

entities_list: @entity584 :: ('207', 'Gene') :: ['PI3/Akt pathway proteins', 'Akt']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['Bupivacaine', 'bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity983 :: (5728,Gene) :: ['PTEN']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1341 , an @entity6346 type long-acting local anaesthetic is commonly employed for epidural anesthesia and as well for nerve blockades. However, studies have shown @entity2359 following local administration of @entity1341 raising concerns over the use of the drug. Compounds that could minimize or inhibit toxic effects of @entity1341 are of high value in operative settings and in @entity158 management. The present study aims to investigate if @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) could inhibit or prevent @entity1341 @entity137 in @entity521 cells (N2a and SH-SY5Y). The viability of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells following exposure to @entity3090 (10-50   M) were assessed by @entity98 assay and @entity4404 /PI staining. The influence of @entity3090 on ROS generation was determined. The expression of apoptotic cascade proteins ( @entity15418 , @entity1836 , @entity1835 , @entity589 , @entity588 ) and @entity584 ( @entity584 , p- @entity584 , @entity9459 , p- @entity9459 , @entity983 ) were analyzed by western blotting. @entity3090 improved the viability of the cells and inhibited apoptosis by potentially decreasing the expression of caspases and pro-apoptotic proteins. @entity1341 induced ROS generations were reduced on @entity3090 exposure. @entity3090 significantly promoted the phosphorylation of @entity584 and @entity9459 and down-regulated @entity983 , thus activating @entity13959 / @entity584 signalling. @entity3090 effectively improved the cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells via suppression of ROS generation and modulation of PI3K/ @entity584 signalling cascade.

title: Neuroprotection by @entity3089 against @entity1341 anesthesia induced XXXX involves modulation of @entity13959 / @entity584 / @entity983 signalling in N2a and SH-SY5Y cells.

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1341 , an @entity6346 type long-acting local anaesthetic is commonly employed for epidural anesthesia and as well for nerve blockades. However, studies have shown @entity2359 following local administration of @entity1341 raising concerns over the use of the drug. Compounds that could minimize or inhibit toxic effects of @entity1341 are of high value in operative settings and in @entity158 management. The present study aims to investigate if @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) could inhibit or prevent @entity1341 @entity137 in @entity521 cells (N2a and SH-SY5Y). The viability of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells following exposure to @entity3090 (10-50   M) were assessed by @entity98 assay and @entity4404 /PI staining. The influence of @entity3090 on ROS generation was determined. The expression of apoptotic cascade proteins ( @entity15418 , @entity1836 , @entity1835 , @entity589 , @entity588 ) and @entity584 ( @entity584 , p- @entity584 , @entity9459 , p- @entity9459 , @entity983 ) were analyzed by western blotting. @entity3090 improved the viability of the cells and inhibited apoptosis by potentially decreasing the expression of caspases and pro-apoptotic proteins. @entity1341 induced ROS generations were reduced on @entity3090 exposure. @entity3090 significantly promoted the phosphorylation of @entity584 and @entity9459 and down-regulated @entity983 , thus activating @entity13959 / @entity584 signalling. @entity3090 effectively improved the cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells via suppression of ROS generation and modulation of PI3K/ @entity584 signalling cascade.

title: Neuroprotection by @entity3089 against XXXX anesthesia induced @entity137 involves modulation of @entity13959 / @entity584 / @entity983 signalling in N2a and SH-SY5Y cells.

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['bupivacaine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1341 , an @entity6346 type long-acting local anaesthetic is commonly employed for epidural anesthesia and as well for nerve blockades. However, studies have shown @entity2359 following local administration of @entity1341 raising concerns over the use of the drug. Compounds that could minimize or inhibit toxic effects of @entity1341 are of high value in operative settings and in @entity158 management. The present study aims to investigate if @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) could inhibit or prevent @entity1341 @entity137 in @entity521 cells (N2a and SH-SY5Y). The viability of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells following exposure to @entity3090 (10-50   M) were assessed by @entity98 assay and @entity4404 /PI staining. The influence of @entity3090 on ROS generation was determined. The expression of apoptotic cascade proteins ( @entity15418 , @entity1836 , @entity1835 , @entity589 , @entity588 ) and @entity584 ( @entity584 , p- @entity584 , @entity9459 , p- @entity9459 , @entity983 ) were analyzed by western blotting. @entity3090 improved the viability of the cells and inhibited apoptosis by potentially decreasing the expression of caspases and pro-apoptotic proteins. @entity1341 induced ROS generations were reduced on @entity3090 exposure. @entity3090 significantly promoted the phosphorylation of @entity584 and @entity9459 and down-regulated @entity983 , thus activating @entity13959 / @entity584 signalling. @entity3090 effectively improved the cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells via suppression of ROS generation and modulation of PI3K/ @entity584 signalling cascade.

title: Neuroprotection by XXXX against @entity1341 anesthesia induced @entity137 involves modulation of @entity13959 / @entity584 / @entity983 signalling in N2a and SH-SY5Y cells.

answer: @entity3089 :: (MESH:C045651,Chemical) :: ['epigallo catechin gallate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1341 , an @entity6346 type long-acting local anaesthetic is commonly employed for epidural anesthesia and as well for nerve blockades. However, studies have shown @entity2359 following local administration of @entity1341 raising concerns over the use of the drug. Compounds that could minimize or inhibit toxic effects of @entity1341 are of high value in operative settings and in @entity158 management. The present study aims to investigate if @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) could inhibit or prevent @entity1341 @entity137 in @entity521 cells (N2a and SH-SY5Y). The viability of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells following exposure to @entity3090 (10-50   M) were assessed by @entity98 assay and @entity4404 /PI staining. The influence of @entity3090 on ROS generation was determined. The expression of apoptotic cascade proteins ( @entity15418 , @entity1836 , @entity1835 , @entity589 , @entity588 ) and @entity584 ( @entity584 , p- @entity584 , @entity9459 , p- @entity9459 , @entity983 ) were analyzed by western blotting. @entity3090 improved the viability of the cells and inhibited apoptosis by potentially decreasing the expression of caspases and pro-apoptotic proteins. @entity1341 induced ROS generations were reduced on @entity3090 exposure. @entity3090 significantly promoted the phosphorylation of @entity584 and @entity9459 and down-regulated @entity983 , thus activating @entity13959 / @entity584 signalling. @entity3090 effectively improved the cell viability and inhibited apoptosis of N2a and SH-SY5Y cells via suppression of ROS generation and modulation of PI3K/ @entity584 signalling cascade.

title: Neuroprotection by @entity3089 against @entity1341 anesthesia induced @entity137 involves modulation of XXXX / @entity584 / @entity983 signalling in N2a and SH-SY5Y cells.

answer: @entity13959 :: (5266,Gene) :: ['PI3']