abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity11438 is an uncommon @entity16 of unknown etiology involving the brachial plexus, which is manifest by shoulder and arm @entity158 , @entity425 , and sensory loss. Because of the diversity and variability of the initial features and similarity to other neurologic and @entity16 , @entity1 may initially present to internists, orthopedic surgeons, or pulmonologists, and may be initially diagnosed with an alternative disorder. REVIEW SUMMARY: @entity11438 occurs at an annual incidence rate of 1 to 2 cases per 100,000 population. The disorder is most common in adulthood, but @entity1 of any age may be affected. @entity158 is the most common initial symptom and is followed by @entity425 in the distribution of a single nerve or diffuse regions of the brachial plexus. Although the exact etiology is unknown, many associated factors, such as immunizations, minor @entity130 , @entity166 , pregnancy, and surgical procedures have been associated with the development of the disorder. Evaluation with electrodiagnostic and radiographic studies is useful in confirming the diagnosis and excluding alternative disorders. No treatment has been definitively proven to improve the course of the disorder; however, the overall prognosis is good, with approximately 90% of @entity1 demonstrating significant improvement. CONCLUSIONS: @entity11438 is an important, potentially debilitating disorder, which may present to physicians in multiple specialties. Awareness of this disorder may preclude unnecessary testing or surgical procedures and can guide toward appropriate treatment with physical therapy. Counseling @entity1 about the overall good prognosis can help appease @entity1 ' @entity148 about a more sinister diagnosis or course.

title: XXXX : clinical features and diagnostic evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity11438 :: ('MESH:D020968', 'Disease') :: ['Neuralgic amyotrophy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['non-neurologic disorders', 'neurologic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness', 'weakness and sensory loss']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity11438 :: (MESH:D020968,Disease) :: ['Neuralgic amyotrophy']


abstract: In each of three components of a multiple schedule, monkeys were required to emit a different sequence of four responses in a predetermined order on four levers. Sequence completions produced food under a fixed-ratio schedule. Errors produced a brief timeout. One component of the multiple schedule was a repeated-acquisition task where the four-response sequence changed each session (learning). The second component of the multiple schedule was also a repeated-acquisition task, but acquisition was supported through the use of a stimulus fading procedure (faded learning). In a third component of the multiple schedule, the sequence of responses remained the same from session to session (performance). @entity4521 , @entity284 , @entity72273 and @entity12781 each produced dose-related decreases in overall response rate. At high doses which produced equivalent rate-decreasing effects, @entity72273 and @entity12781 generally produced greater disruption of accuracy in the learning component than did @entity4521 or @entity284 . @entity836 5.6 microgram/kg shifted to the right by approximately 1/2-log unit the @entity4521 and @entity284 dose-effect curves, but produced little or no change in the @entity72273 dose-effect curves. At 56 micrograms/kg @entity836 completely antagonized both the rate-decreasing and error-increasing effects of @entity4521 and @entity284 . The same dose of @entity836 tended to produce greater antagonism of the effects of @entity72273 on accuracy than on rate, which was shifted by only 1/4-log unit. In contrast, @entity836 failed to antagonize the effects of @entity12781 on either rate or accuracy. Thus it would appear that while @entity72273 and @entity12781 produce similar disruptions in the accuracy of a discrimination, the effects of each are differentially sensitive to antagonism by @entity836 .

title: Effects of opioids and @entity12781 in combination with XXXX on the acquisition and performance of response sequences in monkeys.

entities_list: @entity4521 :: ('MESH:D003932', 'Chemical') :: ['Heroin', 'heroin']

entities_list: @entity836 :: ('MESH:D009271', 'Chemical') :: ['naltrexone', 'Naltrexone']

entities_list: @entity12781 :: ('MESH:D010622', 'Chemical') :: ['phencyclidine']

entities_list: @entity72273 :: ('MESH:D003496', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclazocine']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

answer: @entity836 :: (MESH:D009271,Chemical) :: ['naltrexone']


abstract: In each of three components of a multiple schedule, monkeys were required to emit a different sequence of four responses in a predetermined order on four levers. Sequence completions produced food under a fixed-ratio schedule. Errors produced a brief timeout. One component of the multiple schedule was a repeated-acquisition task where the four-response sequence changed each session (learning). The second component of the multiple schedule was also a repeated-acquisition task, but acquisition was supported through the use of a stimulus fading procedure (faded learning). In a third component of the multiple schedule, the sequence of responses remained the same from session to session (performance). @entity4521 , @entity284 , @entity72273 and @entity12781 each produced dose-related decreases in overall response rate. At high doses which produced equivalent rate-decreasing effects, @entity72273 and @entity12781 generally produced greater disruption of accuracy in the learning component than did @entity4521 or @entity284 . @entity836 5.6 microgram/kg shifted to the right by approximately 1/2-log unit the @entity4521 and @entity284 dose-effect curves, but produced little or no change in the @entity72273 dose-effect curves. At 56 micrograms/kg @entity836 completely antagonized both the rate-decreasing and error-increasing effects of @entity4521 and @entity284 . The same dose of @entity836 tended to produce greater antagonism of the effects of @entity72273 on accuracy than on rate, which was shifted by only 1/4-log unit. In contrast, @entity836 failed to antagonize the effects of @entity12781 on either rate or accuracy. Thus it would appear that while @entity72273 and @entity12781 produce similar disruptions in the accuracy of a discrimination, the effects of each are differentially sensitive to antagonism by @entity836 .

title: Effects of opioids and XXXX in combination with @entity836 on the acquisition and performance of response sequences in monkeys.

answer: @entity12781 :: (MESH:D010622,Chemical) :: ['phencyclidine']


abstract: The authors evaluate the quality of thoraco-mammary reconstructions in @entity13746 . There was 34 @entity1 in our serie, and 27 were operating between 1982 and 2001. There was 19 @entity1 and 8 @entity1 ; the mean age was 19 years (9-40 years). Because of the clinical variability, the authors propose a classification of the @entity600 's importance in 3 degrees. In our serie, there @entity3482 % of degree I, 53% of degree II and 12% of degree III. Each @entity1 had an average of 2 general anaesthesias (1-6). For the first operation time, @entity1 had translation of the homolateral latissimus dorsi muscle flap in 25%, and a thoracic prosthese in 75%. @entity1 had mammary prosthese in 50%, expansion prosthese in 20%, mammary prosthese and thoracic prosthese in 20%, muscle flap in 10%. The same @entity1 analysed the results in terms: good, middle or bad. The results are good in 67%, middle in 22%, poor in 11%. In degree 1, the results are always good; in degree II, they are good in 59%, middle in 29% and poor in 12%; in degree III, the results are good, middle and poor in 33%.

title: [ XXXX : clinic series and thoraco-mammary reconstruction. Report of 27 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity13746 :: ('MESH:D011045', 'Disease') :: ["Poland's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

answer: @entity13746 :: (MESH:D011045,Disease) :: ['Poland's syndrome']


abstract: @entity4188 is known to be induced by @entity2555 including @entity1300 ( @entity1300 ). The constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcriptional expression of @entity1 @entity4188 is known to be cell-specific. In order to identify the cis-elements that cell-specifically regulate the constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcription of @entity4188 , we constructed luciferase reporter plasmids containing a series of deletions of the XRE core sequence in the 5'-flanking region of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene. Luciferase assays were performed with MCF-7 ( @entity0 ), HepG2 ( @entity157 ), LS-180 ( @entity694 ), and OMC-3 ( @entity43 ) cells. Although there were large differences in the relative luciferase activity and inducibility between these four cell lines, the contribution of each reporter construct was similar. Constitutive expression increased with the regulatory elements that are present at -910 to -852 and -1652 to -1243. Potential enhancer elements for @entity1300 -induction were located from -1022 to -852 including three XREs, XRE3 at -853, XRE4 at -940, and XRE5 at -989. Gel shift analyses revealed binding of the @entity5874 / @entity32299 heterodimer to XRE2 at -834, XRE3 at -853, XRE6 at -1024, and XRE7 at -1490. In addition, the binding of a nuclear transcriptional factor, @entity3419 , near XRE2 and XRE8 was observed. It was suggested that mutual interaction of XRE2 and XRE3 is important for transcriptional regulation, and that the @entity3419 binding to the @entity3419 -like motif (-824) enhances both the constitutive and inducible transcriptional activities of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene.

title: Critical enhancer region to which XXXX / @entity32299 and @entity3419 bind in the @entity1 @entity4188 gene.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2555 :: ('MESH:D011084', 'Chemical') :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1300 :: ('MESH:D013749', 'Chemical') :: ['TCDD', '2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity5874 :: (196,Gene) :: ['AhR']


abstract: @entity4188 is known to be induced by @entity2555 including @entity1300 ( @entity1300 ). The constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcriptional expression of @entity1 @entity4188 is known to be cell-specific. In order to identify the cis-elements that cell-specifically regulate the constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcription of @entity4188 , we constructed luciferase reporter plasmids containing a series of deletions of the XRE core sequence in the 5'-flanking region of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene. Luciferase assays were performed with MCF-7 ( @entity0 ), HepG2 ( @entity157 ), LS-180 ( @entity694 ), and OMC-3 ( @entity43 ) cells. Although there were large differences in the relative luciferase activity and inducibility between these four cell lines, the contribution of each reporter construct was similar. Constitutive expression increased with the regulatory elements that are present at -910 to -852 and -1652 to -1243. Potential enhancer elements for @entity1300 -induction were located from -1022 to -852 including three XREs, XRE3 at -853, XRE4 at -940, and XRE5 at -989. Gel shift analyses revealed binding of the @entity5874 / @entity32299 heterodimer to XRE2 at -834, XRE3 at -853, XRE6 at -1024, and XRE7 at -1490. In addition, the binding of a nuclear transcriptional factor, @entity3419 , near XRE2 and XRE8 was observed. It was suggested that mutual interaction of XRE2 and XRE3 is important for transcriptional regulation, and that the @entity3419 binding to the @entity3419 -like motif (-824) enhances both the constitutive and inducible transcriptional activities of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene.

title: Critical enhancer region to which @entity5874 / @entity32299 and XXXX bind in the @entity1 @entity4188 gene.

answer: @entity3419 :: (6667,Gene) :: ['Sp1']


abstract: @entity4188 is known to be induced by @entity2555 including @entity1300 ( @entity1300 ). The constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcriptional expression of @entity1 @entity4188 is known to be cell-specific. In order to identify the cis-elements that cell-specifically regulate the constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcription of @entity4188 , we constructed luciferase reporter plasmids containing a series of deletions of the XRE core sequence in the 5'-flanking region of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene. Luciferase assays were performed with MCF-7 ( @entity0 ), HepG2 ( @entity157 ), LS-180 ( @entity694 ), and OMC-3 ( @entity43 ) cells. Although there were large differences in the relative luciferase activity and inducibility between these four cell lines, the contribution of each reporter construct was similar. Constitutive expression increased with the regulatory elements that are present at -910 to -852 and -1652 to -1243. Potential enhancer elements for @entity1300 -induction were located from -1022 to -852 including three XREs, XRE3 at -853, XRE4 at -940, and XRE5 at -989. Gel shift analyses revealed binding of the @entity5874 / @entity32299 heterodimer to XRE2 at -834, XRE3 at -853, XRE6 at -1024, and XRE7 at -1490. In addition, the binding of a nuclear transcriptional factor, @entity3419 , near XRE2 and XRE8 was observed. It was suggested that mutual interaction of XRE2 and XRE3 is important for transcriptional regulation, and that the @entity3419 binding to the @entity3419 -like motif (-824) enhances both the constitutive and inducible transcriptional activities of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene.

title: Critical enhancer region to which @entity5874 / @entity32299 and @entity3419 bind in the @entity1 XXXX gene.

answer: @entity4188 :: (1545,Gene) :: ['CYP1B1']


abstract: @entity4188 is known to be induced by @entity2555 including @entity1300 ( @entity1300 ). The constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcriptional expression of @entity1 @entity4188 is known to be cell-specific. In order to identify the cis-elements that cell-specifically regulate the constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcription of @entity4188 , we constructed luciferase reporter plasmids containing a series of deletions of the XRE core sequence in the 5'-flanking region of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene. Luciferase assays were performed with MCF-7 ( @entity0 ), HepG2 ( @entity157 ), LS-180 ( @entity694 ), and OMC-3 ( @entity43 ) cells. Although there were large differences in the relative luciferase activity and inducibility between these four cell lines, the contribution of each reporter construct was similar. Constitutive expression increased with the regulatory elements that are present at -910 to -852 and -1652 to -1243. Potential enhancer elements for @entity1300 -induction were located from -1022 to -852 including three XREs, XRE3 at -853, XRE4 at -940, and XRE5 at -989. Gel shift analyses revealed binding of the @entity5874 / @entity32299 heterodimer to XRE2 at -834, XRE3 at -853, XRE6 at -1024, and XRE7 at -1490. In addition, the binding of a nuclear transcriptional factor, @entity3419 , near XRE2 and XRE8 was observed. It was suggested that mutual interaction of XRE2 and XRE3 is important for transcriptional regulation, and that the @entity3419 binding to the @entity3419 -like motif (-824) enhances both the constitutive and inducible transcriptional activities of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene.

title: Critical enhancer region to which @entity5874 / XXXX and @entity3419 bind in the @entity1 @entity4188 gene.

answer: @entity32299 :: (405,Gene) :: ['ARNT']


abstract: @entity4188 is known to be induced by @entity2555 including @entity1300 ( @entity1300 ). The constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcriptional expression of @entity1 @entity4188 is known to be cell-specific. In order to identify the cis-elements that cell-specifically regulate the constitutive and @entity1300 -inducible transcription of @entity4188 , we constructed luciferase reporter plasmids containing a series of deletions of the XRE core sequence in the 5'-flanking region of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene. Luciferase assays were performed with MCF-7 ( @entity0 ), HepG2 ( @entity157 ), LS-180 ( @entity694 ), and OMC-3 ( @entity43 ) cells. Although there were large differences in the relative luciferase activity and inducibility between these four cell lines, the contribution of each reporter construct was similar. Constitutive expression increased with the regulatory elements that are present at -910 to -852 and -1652 to -1243. Potential enhancer elements for @entity1300 -induction were located from -1022 to -852 including three XREs, XRE3 at -853, XRE4 at -940, and XRE5 at -989. Gel shift analyses revealed binding of the @entity5874 / @entity32299 heterodimer to XRE2 at -834, XRE3 at -853, XRE6 at -1024, and XRE7 at -1490. In addition, the binding of a nuclear transcriptional factor, @entity3419 , near XRE2 and XRE8 was observed. It was suggested that mutual interaction of XRE2 and XRE3 is important for transcriptional regulation, and that the @entity3419 binding to the @entity3419 -like motif (-824) enhances both the constitutive and inducible transcriptional activities of the @entity1 @entity4188 gene.

title: Critical enhancer region to which @entity5874 / @entity32299 and @entity3419 bind in the XXXX @entity4188 gene.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: New guidelines have recommended that @entity801 in combination with @entity869 be used for prophylaxis of @entity3555 in @entity1 with prosthetic heart valves. This article reviews some of the important and practical considerations for its use by the dentist. @entity801 is an @entity4028 antibiotic most exclusively reserved for treatment of serious @entity281 caused by gram-negative bacteria in which less toxic antibacterials are ineffective. It has also been shown to be impressive in combination with @entity114 in treating high-risk @entity884 @entity1 . All strains of enterococci that are resistant to @entity114 plus @entity3639 are almost always sensitive to @entity114 plus @entity801 . There is minimal absorption into the bloodstream from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration but rapid absorption after intramuscular injection. Peak serum concentrations appear 30 to 90 minutes after intramuscular injection. The T1/2 is 2 hours, and in normal kidneys 85% to 95% of the drug is excreted within 24 hours by glomerular filtration. @entity2167 and nephrotoxicity are the most serious toxic effects resulting from @entity801 therapy. The incidence of @entity2167 is about 2%, with affected @entity1 experiencing vestibular effects rather than @entity393 . Nephrotoxicity is usually not seen before the @entity1 has had 5 to 7 days of frequent dosing for treatment of @entity281 ; the incidence is 2% to 4%. There are no data to suggest that @entity2167 or nephrotoxicity will occur in the @entity1 given a single intramuscular injection of @entity801 for the prophylaxis of @entity3555 . A single intramuscular or intravenous injection each of @entity869 and @entity801 should provide adequate blood levels for protection in the @entity884 @entity1 for at least 4 to 5 hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX for prophylaxis of @entity3555 : a review for the dentist.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin', 'Gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['Ototoxicity', 'ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['systemic infections', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity3555 :: ('MESH:D004697', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity801 :: (MESH:D005839,Chemical) :: ['Gentamycin']


abstract: New guidelines have recommended that @entity801 in combination with @entity869 be used for prophylaxis of @entity3555 in @entity1 with prosthetic heart valves. This article reviews some of the important and practical considerations for its use by the dentist. @entity801 is an @entity4028 antibiotic most exclusively reserved for treatment of serious @entity281 caused by gram-negative bacteria in which less toxic antibacterials are ineffective. It has also been shown to be impressive in combination with @entity114 in treating high-risk @entity884 @entity1 . All strains of enterococci that are resistant to @entity114 plus @entity3639 are almost always sensitive to @entity114 plus @entity801 . There is minimal absorption into the bloodstream from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration but rapid absorption after intramuscular injection. Peak serum concentrations appear 30 to 90 minutes after intramuscular injection. The T1/2 is 2 hours, and in normal kidneys 85% to 95% of the drug is excreted within 24 hours by glomerular filtration. @entity2167 and nephrotoxicity are the most serious toxic effects resulting from @entity801 therapy. The incidence of @entity2167 is about 2%, with affected @entity1 experiencing vestibular effects rather than @entity393 . Nephrotoxicity is usually not seen before the @entity1 has had 5 to 7 days of frequent dosing for treatment of @entity281 ; the incidence is 2% to 4%. There are no data to suggest that @entity2167 or nephrotoxicity will occur in the @entity1 given a single intramuscular injection of @entity801 for the prophylaxis of @entity3555 . A single intramuscular or intravenous injection each of @entity869 and @entity801 should provide adequate blood levels for protection in the @entity884 @entity1 for at least 4 to 5 hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity801 for prophylaxis of XXXX : a review for the dentist.

answer: @entity3555 :: (MESH:D004697,Disease) :: ['bacterial endocarditis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the seroprevalence, correlates, and characteristics of undetected @entity66 in a large adult population sample in Cambridge, UK. METHODS: The Cambridge General Practice Health Study invited individuals from 12 general practices, aged 45-76 years, to attend for a health survey that included a bone density measurement, between 1990 and 1995. A total of 7550 participants' serum samples were tested for antiendomysial antibody ( @entity10208 ). Seroprevalence of undetected @entity66 was based on @entity10208 positivity. Differences between @entity10208 positive and negative @entity1 of various physiological correlates and reported characteristics were estimated by multivariate logistic and linear regression and adjusted for age, sex, social class, and smoking behaviour. RESULTS: The seroprevalence of undetected @entity66 in this general population sample aged 45-76 was 1.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9-1.4). @entity10208 positive @entity1 (n=87) were on average slightly lighter by 2.2 kg (p=0.08), were more likely to have reported their general health as being "good or excellent" ( @entity68826 (95% CI 0.90-3.46)), and were less likely to report being a current smoker (OR for current versus never 0.36 (95% CI 0.14-0.90)) than @entity10208 negative @entity1 . @entity10208 positivity was associated with an 8% reduction in mean serum @entity165 (0.5 mmol/l; p<0.01) and reductions in mean haemoglobin (0.3 g/dl; p<0.01), total protein (1.0 g/l; p<0.05), and corrected serum @entity460 (0.02 mmol/l; p<0.05). There was an increased risk of @entity170 in @entity10208 positive @entity1 (OR 3.1 (95% CI 1.3-7.2)) and of mild @entity417 (OR 4.6 (95% CI 2.5-8.2)) compared with @entity10208 negative @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Undetected @entity66 is likely to affect approximately 1% of the population of England aged 45-76 years, a value similar to several other countries. Those affected report "better health" but they do have an increased risk of @entity170 and mild @entity417 . In contrast, they have a favourable cardiovascular risk profile that may afford protection from @entity299 and @entity64 .

title: Seroprevalence, correlates, and characteristics of undetected XXXX in England.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac disease']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['coeliac disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tumour @entity39 factor production is increased in the mucosa of @entity1 with active @entity31 . The benefits of infliximab in @entity30 are established. We investigated its efficacy in @entity31 . METHODS: We conducted a randomised placebo controlled trial of infliximab (5 mg/kg) in the treatment of @entity31 . Infusions were given at weeks 0 and 2. Disease activity and quality of life were recorded over eight weeks of follow up. Remission was defined as an @entity31 symptom score (UCSS) of < or =2 and/or Baron score of 0 at week 6. @entity1 not in remission were offered open label infliximab 10 mg/kg and reviewed two weeks later. RESULTS: After two weeks, there was no statistically significant difference between the infliximab and placebo groups in the proportion of @entity1 with a Baron score of 0 (13% (3/23) v 5% (1/19) (95% confidence interval (CI) -9% to 24%); p=0.74). After six weeks, remission (UCSS < or =2) rates were 39% (9/23) versus 30% (6/20) (95% CI -19 to 34%; p=0.76). The median improvement in UCSS was 3 for the infliximab group and 2.5 for the placebo group (p=0.82, Mann-Whitney U test). A Baron score of 0 was likely in either group (26% (6/23) v 30% (6/20) (95% CI -30% to 23%); p=0.96). Improvement in the IBDQ and EuroQol was not significantly different between the groups (p=0.22 and 0.3, respectively, Mann-Whitney U test). Twenty eligible @entity1 were given open labelled infusions. Remission was achieved in 3/11 (27%) @entity1 initially treated with infliximab and in 1/9 (11%) @entity1 treated with placebo. CONCLUSION: These data do not support the use of infliximab in the management of moderately active @entity31 .

title: Infliximab in moderately severe XXXX : a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'glucocorticoid resistant ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['glucocorticoid resistant ulcerative colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cytokines produced in mesenteric lymph nodes of cirrhotic @entity35 with bacterial translocation may participate in circulatory alterations of @entity82 . AIM: To investigate whether cirrhotic @entity1 present an increased local generation of cytokines in mesenteric lymph nodes. METHODS: Mesenteric lymph nodes from 26 cirrhotic and 10 control @entity1 were assessed for @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha ( @entity310 ) and @entity650 mRNA and protein expression by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and by enzyme immunoassay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS: @entity650 levels were not different between cirrhotics and controls. Protein and mRNA @entity310 levels in mesenteric lymph nodes from cirrhotics were higher than in controls (p<0.05). Tissue expression of @entity310 by immunohistochemistry was more abundant in cirrhotics. @entity843 @entity1 showed higher @entity310 levels (47 (34-54) pg/mg protein) than @entity1 without @entity843 (18 (17-25) pg/mg protein) (p<0.001). Elevated @entity310 levels (>28 pg/mg protein) in cirrhotics were associated with a higher @entity1 -Pugh score, the antecedent of @entity843 , a lower prothrombin rate, and higher @entity648 and blood @entity310 levels. The strongest association, confirmed by multivariate analysis, was with the presence of @entity843 (p<0.001). @entity2348 after transplantation, mainly by enteric bacteria, were only detected in @entity1 with high @entity310 levels in mesenteric lymph nodes (33% of @entity1 ; p=0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with advanced @entity1575 , and especially with @entity843 , have increased local production of @entity310 in mesenteric lymph nodes that, in common with experimental @entity82 , may also be induced by bacterial translocation.

title: Increased @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha production in mesenteric lymph nodes of cirrhotic @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['Interleukin 6', 'interleukin 6']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity843 :: ('MESH:D001201', 'Disease') :: ['ascites', 'Ascitic']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['Bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

answer: @entity843 :: (MESH:D001201,Disease) :: ['ascites']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cytokines produced in mesenteric lymph nodes of cirrhotic @entity35 with bacterial translocation may participate in circulatory alterations of @entity82 . AIM: To investigate whether cirrhotic @entity1 present an increased local generation of cytokines in mesenteric lymph nodes. METHODS: Mesenteric lymph nodes from 26 cirrhotic and 10 control @entity1 were assessed for @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha ( @entity310 ) and @entity650 mRNA and protein expression by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and by enzyme immunoassay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS: @entity650 levels were not different between cirrhotics and controls. Protein and mRNA @entity310 levels in mesenteric lymph nodes from cirrhotics were higher than in controls (p<0.05). Tissue expression of @entity310 by immunohistochemistry was more abundant in cirrhotics. @entity843 @entity1 showed higher @entity310 levels (47 (34-54) pg/mg protein) than @entity1 without @entity843 (18 (17-25) pg/mg protein) (p<0.001). Elevated @entity310 levels (>28 pg/mg protein) in cirrhotics were associated with a higher @entity1 -Pugh score, the antecedent of @entity843 , a lower prothrombin rate, and higher @entity648 and blood @entity310 levels. The strongest association, confirmed by multivariate analysis, was with the presence of @entity843 (p<0.001). @entity2348 after transplantation, mainly by enteric bacteria, were only detected in @entity1 with high @entity310 levels in mesenteric lymph nodes (33% of @entity1 ; p=0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with advanced @entity1575 , and especially with @entity843 , have increased local production of @entity310 in mesenteric lymph nodes that, in common with experimental @entity82 , may also be induced by bacterial translocation.

title: Increased @entity5 XXXX factor alpha production in mesenteric lymph nodes of cirrhotic @entity1 with @entity843 .

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cytokines produced in mesenteric lymph nodes of cirrhotic @entity35 with bacterial translocation may participate in circulatory alterations of @entity82 . AIM: To investigate whether cirrhotic @entity1 present an increased local generation of cytokines in mesenteric lymph nodes. METHODS: Mesenteric lymph nodes from 26 cirrhotic and 10 control @entity1 were assessed for @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha ( @entity310 ) and @entity650 mRNA and protein expression by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and by enzyme immunoassay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS: @entity650 levels were not different between cirrhotics and controls. Protein and mRNA @entity310 levels in mesenteric lymph nodes from cirrhotics were higher than in controls (p<0.05). Tissue expression of @entity310 by immunohistochemistry was more abundant in cirrhotics. @entity843 @entity1 showed higher @entity310 levels (47 (34-54) pg/mg protein) than @entity1 without @entity843 (18 (17-25) pg/mg protein) (p<0.001). Elevated @entity310 levels (>28 pg/mg protein) in cirrhotics were associated with a higher @entity1 -Pugh score, the antecedent of @entity843 , a lower prothrombin rate, and higher @entity648 and blood @entity310 levels. The strongest association, confirmed by multivariate analysis, was with the presence of @entity843 (p<0.001). @entity2348 after transplantation, mainly by enteric bacteria, were only detected in @entity1 with high @entity310 levels in mesenteric lymph nodes (33% of @entity1 ; p=0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with advanced @entity1575 , and especially with @entity843 , have increased local production of @entity310 in mesenteric lymph nodes that, in common with experimental @entity82 , may also be induced by bacterial translocation.

title: Increased XXXX @entity39 factor alpha production in mesenteric lymph nodes of cirrhotic @entity1 with @entity843 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cytokines produced in mesenteric lymph nodes of cirrhotic @entity35 with bacterial translocation may participate in circulatory alterations of @entity82 . AIM: To investigate whether cirrhotic @entity1 present an increased local generation of cytokines in mesenteric lymph nodes. METHODS: Mesenteric lymph nodes from 26 cirrhotic and 10 control @entity1 were assessed for @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha ( @entity310 ) and @entity650 mRNA and protein expression by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and by enzyme immunoassay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS: @entity650 levels were not different between cirrhotics and controls. Protein and mRNA @entity310 levels in mesenteric lymph nodes from cirrhotics were higher than in controls (p<0.05). Tissue expression of @entity310 by immunohistochemistry was more abundant in cirrhotics. @entity843 @entity1 showed higher @entity310 levels (47 (34-54) pg/mg protein) than @entity1 without @entity843 (18 (17-25) pg/mg protein) (p<0.001). Elevated @entity310 levels (>28 pg/mg protein) in cirrhotics were associated with a higher @entity1 -Pugh score, the antecedent of @entity843 , a lower prothrombin rate, and higher @entity648 and blood @entity310 levels. The strongest association, confirmed by multivariate analysis, was with the presence of @entity843 (p<0.001). @entity2348 after transplantation, mainly by enteric bacteria, were only detected in @entity1 with high @entity310 levels in mesenteric lymph nodes (33% of @entity1 ; p=0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with advanced @entity1575 , and especially with @entity843 , have increased local production of @entity310 in mesenteric lymph nodes that, in common with experimental @entity82 , may also be induced by bacterial translocation.

title: Increased @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha production in mesenteric lymph nodes of cirrhotic XXXX with @entity843 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity409 after severe @entity409 depends in part on proliferation and differentiation of hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs). Under these conditions they must be able to withstand the toxic milieu of the damaged liver. @entity855 binding cassette (ABC) transporters are cytoprotective efflux pumps that may contribute to the preservation of these cells. The aim of this study was to determine the ABC transporter phenotype of HPCs. METHODS: HPC activation was studied in @entity35 treated with @entity5997 ( @entity5997 ) followed by partial hepatectomy (PHx). ABC transporter gene expression was determined by real time detection reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in isolated HPCs, hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, and cultured progenitor cell-like RLF phi 13 cells and by immunohistochemistry of total liver samples. ABC transporter efflux activity was studied in RLF phi 13 cells by flow cytometry. RESULTS: 2-AAF/PHx treated animals showed increased hepatic mRNA levels of the genes encoding multidrug resistance proteins Mdr1b, @entity24071 , and @entity24072 . Immunohistochemistry demonstrated expression of @entity24071 and @entity24072 proteins in periportal progenitor cells and of the Mdr1b protein in periportal hepatocytes. Freshly isolated @entity18715 positive cells and cultured RLF phi 13 progenitor cells highly expressed @entity24071 and @entity24072 mRNA while the hepatocyte specific transporters @entity32224 , @entity30167 , @entity21998 , and @entity72274 were only minimally expressed. Blocking @entity24071 activity by @entity7359 resulted in accumulation of the @entity24071 specific substrate @entity12311 in RLF phi 13 cells. CONCLUSION: HPCs express high levels of active @entity24071 and @entity24072 . These may have a cytoprotective role in conditions of severe hepatotoxicity.

title: XXXX binding cassette transporter gene expression in @entity35 liver progenitor cells.

entities_list: @entity12311 :: ('MESH:C024098', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxyfluorescein']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver regeneration', 'liver damage']

entities_list: @entity5997 :: ('MESH:D015073', 'Chemical') :: ['2-AAF', '2- acetylaminofluorene']

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['ATP']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity409 after severe @entity409 depends in part on proliferation and differentiation of hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs). Under these conditions they must be able to withstand the toxic milieu of the damaged liver. @entity855 binding cassette (ABC) transporters are cytoprotective efflux pumps that may contribute to the preservation of these cells. The aim of this study was to determine the ABC transporter phenotype of HPCs. METHODS: HPC activation was studied in @entity35 treated with @entity5997 ( @entity5997 ) followed by partial hepatectomy (PHx). ABC transporter gene expression was determined by real time detection reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in isolated HPCs, hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, and cultured progenitor cell-like RLF phi 13 cells and by immunohistochemistry of total liver samples. ABC transporter efflux activity was studied in RLF phi 13 cells by flow cytometry. RESULTS: 2-AAF/PHx treated animals showed increased hepatic mRNA levels of the genes encoding multidrug resistance proteins Mdr1b, @entity24071 , and @entity24072 . Immunohistochemistry demonstrated expression of @entity24071 and @entity24072 proteins in periportal progenitor cells and of the Mdr1b protein in periportal hepatocytes. Freshly isolated @entity18715 positive cells and cultured RLF phi 13 progenitor cells highly expressed @entity24071 and @entity24072 mRNA while the hepatocyte specific transporters @entity32224 , @entity30167 , @entity21998 , and @entity72274 were only minimally expressed. Blocking @entity24071 activity by @entity7359 resulted in accumulation of the @entity24071 specific substrate @entity12311 in RLF phi 13 cells. CONCLUSION: HPCs express high levels of active @entity24071 and @entity24072 . These may have a cytoprotective role in conditions of severe hepatotoxicity.

title: @entity855 binding cassette transporter gene expression in XXXX liver progenitor cells.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine job stability moderating variables and develop a postinjury work stability prediction model. DESIGN: Multicenter analysis of individuals with @entity131 ( @entity131 ) who returned for follow-up at 1, 2, and 3, or 4 years postinjury, were of working age (between 18 and 62 years of age at injury), and were working preinjury. SETTING: Six National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation @entity131 Model System centers for coordinated acute and rehabilitation care. @entity1 : A total of 186 adults with @entity131 were included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Job stability was categorized as stably employed (employed at all 3 follow-up intervals); unstably employed (employed at one or two of all three follow-up intervals); and unemployed (unemployed at all three follow-up intervals). RESULTS: After injury, 34% were stably employed, 27% were unstably employed, and 39% were unemployed at all three follow-up intervals. Minority group members, @entity1 who did not complete high school, and unmarried @entity1 were more likely to be unemployed. Driving independence was highly influential and significantly related to employment stability. A discriminant function analysis, which included age, length of unconsciousness and Disability Rating Scale scores at 1 year postinjury, accurately predicted job stability groupings. CONCLUSION: Data analysis provided evidence that employment stability is predictable with a combination of functional, demographic, and injury severity variables. Identification of @entity1 at risk for poor employment outcomes early on can facilitate rehabilitation planning and intervention.

title: Moderating factors in return to work and job stability after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['Research TBI', 'TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of a portable voice organizer in helping @entity1 with @entity131 ( @entity131 ) to recall therapy goals and plans discussed with their clinical case managers. DESIGN: Prospective within-subjects trial, in which individualized therapy goals were randomly assigned to intervention or no intervention. SETTING: Comprehensive postacute @entity131 rehabilitation program. @entity1 : Ten @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity131 enrolled from 3 months to 18 years after injury. OUTCOME MEASURE: Memory for therapy goals. Clinicians generated statements describing six current therapy goals, half of which were randomly assigned to be recorded on a voice organizer during the next case management session. @entity1 selected three times per day to listen to the recorded goals, prompted by an alarm. One-week recall was tested using both free- and cued-recall formats. RESULTS: Recorded goals were recalled better than unrecorded goals and appeared to be associated with better awareness or follow-through with therapy objectives. CONCLUSION: Portable electronic devices have the potential to assist with treatment areas beyond tasks involving prospective memory.

title: Use of a portable voice organizer to remember therapy goals in XXXX rehabilitation: a within-subjects trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: Optimal out-of-hospital @entity1167 (OHCA) airway management strategies are still controversial. Recent studies reported survival was higher among @entity1 who received bag-valve-mask (BVM) than those receiving endotracheal intubation (ETI) or supraglottic airway (SGA). The aim of this study was to compare neurologically favorable survival outcomes among adult nontraumatic OHCA @entity1 by prehospital airway. METHODS: We used the Korean nationwide OHCA cohort database from 2010 to 2013. The inclusion criteria were all OHCA adults with presumed cardiac etiology, resuscitated by level-1 emergency medical technician. @entity1 were excluded if their information about the method of prehospital airway or clinical outcomes at hospital discharge could not be captured. The primary outcome was neurologically favorable survival to discharge. We compared the outcomes among 3 groups (ETI, SGA, or BVM) by prehospital airway using multivariable logistic regression with interaction model. RESULTS: Of 98896 @entity1 with OHCA, 32513 were included in analysis. @entity1 receiving BVM were 29684 and 2829 underwent advanced airway management including 1634 with SGA and 1195 with ETI. The odds of neurologically favorable survival to discharge was significantly higher in the ETI group compared to the BVM group (adjusted OR, 1.405; 95% CI, 1.1001-1.971). In the interaction model by witnessed status, the effect of ETI on good clinical outcomes was shown only in the @entity1 whose arrest was unwitnessed. CONCLUSION: In this Korean nationwide, population-based OHCA cohort, neurologically favorable survival to hospital discharge rates was significantly higher among @entity1 who received ETI than those receiving BVM or SGA.

title: Prehospital endotracheal intubation and survival after out-of-hospital XXXX : results from the Korean nationwide registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of @entity15461 gene and b-glucuronidase activity on stone formation in @entity1 with @entity28739 ( @entity28739 ). METHODS: A total of 103 @entity1 with @entity28739 and 102 controls with no specific @entity1791 history were enrolled into the study. @entity28392 and @entity53389 polymorphisms of @entity15461 gene were analyzed with PCR method. Serum levels of @entity460 and @entity3151 and 24-h urine levels of b-glucuronidase activity, @entity460 and @entity3151 levels were measured biochemically. RESULTS: A total of 103 of @entity1 were male (50.2  %) and 102 were female (49.8  %) (p 0.945). Twenty-four-hour urine levels of @entity460 were significantly higher in @entity28739 group, whereas no difference was observed in @entity3151 levels (p  <  0.001, p 0.074, respectively). As for the @entity28392 polymorphism, type of GG was significantly higher in the @entity1 group compared to the controls (p  =  0.02), while GA genotype was significantly higher in the controls (p  =  0.001). There was no significant difference in @entity72275 and @entity53389 polymorphism between the @entity1 and control groups. b-glucuronidase activity was slightly lower in the @entity1 group without significance (p 0.932).When @entity1 with GG genotype and the rest were compared, there were no significant difference in all parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Any polymorphism altering the function of @entity15461 gene may result with stone formation. We found that there are more GG sequences of @entity28392 gene in @entity1 with @entity28739 . That may be a polymorphism of @entity15461 gene which results with stone formation. Further studies with more @entity1 should be accomplished which are combining the genetic and epigenetic factors associated with @entity1791 and @entity15461 gene to enlighten the etiology of this disease.

title: The impact of XXXX gene polymorphisms on @entity28739 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity28739 :: ('MESH:D014545', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract stone disease', 'UTSD']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urolithiasis']

answer: @entity15461 :: (9365,Gene) :: ['klotho']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of @entity15461 gene and b-glucuronidase activity on stone formation in @entity1 with @entity28739 ( @entity28739 ). METHODS: A total of 103 @entity1 with @entity28739 and 102 controls with no specific @entity1791 history were enrolled into the study. @entity28392 and @entity53389 polymorphisms of @entity15461 gene were analyzed with PCR method. Serum levels of @entity460 and @entity3151 and 24-h urine levels of b-glucuronidase activity, @entity460 and @entity3151 levels were measured biochemically. RESULTS: A total of 103 of @entity1 were male (50.2  %) and 102 were female (49.8  %) (p 0.945). Twenty-four-hour urine levels of @entity460 were significantly higher in @entity28739 group, whereas no difference was observed in @entity3151 levels (p  <  0.001, p 0.074, respectively). As for the @entity28392 polymorphism, type of GG was significantly higher in the @entity1 group compared to the controls (p  =  0.02), while GA genotype was significantly higher in the controls (p  =  0.001). There was no significant difference in @entity72275 and @entity53389 polymorphism between the @entity1 and control groups. b-glucuronidase activity was slightly lower in the @entity1 group without significance (p 0.932).When @entity1 with GG genotype and the rest were compared, there were no significant difference in all parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Any polymorphism altering the function of @entity15461 gene may result with stone formation. We found that there are more GG sequences of @entity28392 gene in @entity1 with @entity28739 . That may be a polymorphism of @entity15461 gene which results with stone formation. Further studies with more @entity1 should be accomplished which are combining the genetic and epigenetic factors associated with @entity1791 and @entity15461 gene to enlighten the etiology of this disease.

title: The impact of @entity15461 gene polymorphisms on XXXX .

answer: @entity28739 :: (MESH:D014545,Disease) :: ['urinary tract stone disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: Increased levels of reactive @entity26 species lead to oxidative stress and @entity3145 . @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) is one of many low-molecular-weight endproducts of lipid peroxidation that increases with oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine oxidative stress in dental follicles (DFs) of radiologically asymptomatic impacted third molars (ITMs) using @entity1865 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved 40 DFs of 40 @entity1 referred for clinically and radiographically asymptomatic ITMs. Forty healthy gingival tissues in the same @entity1 were obtained during surgical @entity4500 as a control group. DF widths on periapical radiographs narrower than 2.5 mm were included in the study. All tissues samples were analyzed for @entity1865 as an indicator of oxidative stress. RESULTS: Levels of @entity1865 were significantly higher in DFs from ITMs than those from healthy gingival tissues of the same @entity1 (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that significant oxidative stress may occur in DFs of asymptomatic ITMs. The findings suggest that increased @entity1865 may play an important role in oxidative stress in DFs. In light of these preliminary findings of the present study, further investigations and comprehensive studies are required to determine the role of antioxidants that scavenge free radicals in DFs.

title: XXXX levels in dental follicles of asymptomatic impacted third molars.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['tissue damage']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['Malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity4500 :: ('MESH:D014071', 'Disease') :: ['removal of teeth']

answer: @entity1234 :: (MESH:D008315,Chemical) :: ['Malondialdehyde']


abstract: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To investigate the haemodynamic properties of a direct endovascular aortic shunt to maintain distal aortic perfusion as an alternative of a distal shunt (left-left-, Gott shunt) in @entity2334 repair. METHODS: A shunt was developed and tested in an in vitro model which should be capable of transporting a flow of 3-4 L/min with a decrease in blood pressure < 20 mmHg. Thereupon the shunt was tested in an in vivo experiment in six @entity1707 to assess the possibility of its use with normal distal blood pressure. The shunt was inserted in the thoracic aorta and stayed in place for 1.5 h. Parameters were measured at six time intervals to assess organ perfusion, -function, cardiac output, proximal- and distal blood pressure and aortic- and shunt flow. PRINCIPLE FINDINGS: The mean blood flow through the shunt was 2.5 L/min. The difference of the mean blood pressure over the shunt was on average 14.20 mmHg. Parameters for coagulation disturbance and organ ischaemia were tested. The decrease in mean thrombocyte count was 299-158 (p<0.02). The venous @entity880 and the venous mesenteric @entity880 as parameters for @entity63 did not increase significantly. No significant changes occurred in angiotensin II levels. Pulsatile flow was maintained but significantly suppressed (60%) distal from the shunt. The clamp time needed to insert the shunt and the venous mesenteric @entity880 , as well as the venous @entity880 , showed high correlation, r(s) = 0.9 (p<0.05) and r(s) = 0.94 (p<0.01). This also accounted for the 2nd clamp time, both r(s) = 0.95 (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The shunt is capable of transporting a blood flow of 2-4 L/min with an acceptable decrease in distal blood pressure. However, the time, needed to insert the shunt, was significantly associated with parameters of organ ischaemia.

title: Endoluminal aortic shunting for distal perfusion during thoracic aortal cross-clamping in a XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal ischemia']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: Calsequestrin is a moderate-affinity, high-capacity @entity141 binding protein in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal and cardiac muscle that seems to act as an intralumenal @entity141 buffer. Two different isoforms have been described in mammals, the skeletal and cardiac isoforms, encoded by CASQ1 and CASQ2 genes, respectively. In this study, we present molecular phylogenetic evidence of a gene duplication event of both calsequestrin genes in teleosts, referred to as casq1a/casq1b and casq2a/casq2b. We obtained the entire cDNAs encoding the four genes in the @entity16988 ( @entity16988 Kaup). Main features and sequence identities with other fish and @entity1 calsequestrins are described. Expression profiles during larval development and in juvenile tissues were analyzed using a real-time PCR approach. In juvenile fish, casq1a and casq1b were highly expressed in skeletal muscle, whereas the highest casq2a and casq2b transcript levels were detected in heart and brain, respectively. During metamorphosis, casq2a and casq1b expression remained unchanged. In contrast, casq1a and casq2b mRNAs exhibited a continuous increase from the beginning of metamorphosis until post-metamorphosis. Transcriptional regulation of casq1 and casq2 genes by thyroid hormones (THs) was also evaluated. Larvae exposed to the goitrogen @entity8542 (TU) exhibited higher casq1a mRNA levels than untreated control, whereas expression of the remaining genes did not vary significantly. Moreover, addition of exogenous T4 hormone to TU-treated larvae increased the casq1a steady-state levels with respect to the untreated control at metamorphosis climax. Comprehensively, these results demonstrate the existence of four calsequestrin genes in teleosts differentially regulated by THs.

title: Duplication of calsequestrin genes in teleosts: molecular characterization in the XXXX ( @entity16988 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity16988 :: ('28829', 'Species') :: ['Senegalese sole', 'Solea senegalensis']

entities_list: @entity8542 :: ('MESH:D013890', 'Chemical') :: ['thiourea']

answer: @entity16988 :: (28829,Species) :: ['Senegalese sole']


abstract: Calsequestrin is a moderate-affinity, high-capacity @entity141 binding protein in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal and cardiac muscle that seems to act as an intralumenal @entity141 buffer. Two different isoforms have been described in mammals, the skeletal and cardiac isoforms, encoded by CASQ1 and CASQ2 genes, respectively. In this study, we present molecular phylogenetic evidence of a gene duplication event of both calsequestrin genes in teleosts, referred to as casq1a/casq1b and casq2a/casq2b. We obtained the entire cDNAs encoding the four genes in the @entity16988 ( @entity16988 Kaup). Main features and sequence identities with other fish and @entity1 calsequestrins are described. Expression profiles during larval development and in juvenile tissues were analyzed using a real-time PCR approach. In juvenile fish, casq1a and casq1b were highly expressed in skeletal muscle, whereas the highest casq2a and casq2b transcript levels were detected in heart and brain, respectively. During metamorphosis, casq2a and casq1b expression remained unchanged. In contrast, casq1a and casq2b mRNAs exhibited a continuous increase from the beginning of metamorphosis until post-metamorphosis. Transcriptional regulation of casq1 and casq2 genes by thyroid hormones (THs) was also evaluated. Larvae exposed to the goitrogen @entity8542 (TU) exhibited higher casq1a mRNA levels than untreated control, whereas expression of the remaining genes did not vary significantly. Moreover, addition of exogenous T4 hormone to TU-treated larvae increased the casq1a steady-state levels with respect to the untreated control at metamorphosis climax. Comprehensively, these results demonstrate the existence of four calsequestrin genes in teleosts differentially regulated by THs.

title: Duplication of calsequestrin genes in teleosts: molecular characterization in the @entity16988 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity16988 :: (28829,Species) :: ['Solea senegalensis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity912 is the most frequent complication associated with cryoballoon ablation for @entity955 . To date, no preventive strategy has proved effective. OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess the feasibility of diaphragmatic electromyography during cryoballoon ablation, explore the relationship between altered signals and @entity129 , and define characteristic changes that herald @entity912 . METHODS: Cryoballoon ablation was performed in the right superior pulmonary vein or superior vena cava in 16 mongrel @entity235 weighing 37.7    2.4 kg, at sites determined by phrenic nerve capture. During ablation, the phrenic nerve was paced at 60 bpm from the superior vena cava while recording diaphragmatic compound motor action potentials (CMAPs) by esophageal decapolar catheters. Diaphragmatic excursion was monitored by fluoroscopy and abdominal palpation. RESULTS: Before ablation, the CMAP amplitude was 592 (interquartile range 504, 566)  V, initial latency 21.5    4.2 ms, peak latency 64.7    21.1 ms, and duration 101.7    13.3 ms. @entity912 was obtained in all @entity235 62    34 seconds into the cryoapplication. The CMAP amplitude decreased exponentially, with no patterned changes in latencies and duration. Discriminatory analyses by receiver-operating curve characteristics identified a 30% reduction in CMAP amplitude as the most predictive cutoff value for @entity912 (c-statistic 0.965; P<.0001). This criterion presaged @entity4589 , as detected by abdominal palpation, by 31    23 seconds. CONCLUSION: Diaphragmatic electromyographic signals could be reliably recorded during cryoballoon ablation. An exponential decrease in CMAP amplitude precedes @entity4589 , with a 30% reduction yielding the best discriminatory potential. A promising safety margin was detected, which merits prospective validation.

title: Diaphragmatic electromyography during cryoballoon ablation: a novel concept in the prevention of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['phrenic nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity4589 :: ('MESH:D012133', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragmatic paralysis']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['hemidiaphragmatic paralysis', 'Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis']

answer: @entity129 :: (MESH:D003389,Disease) :: ['phrenic nerve palsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the development and progression of @entity1635 in @entity1 and adolescents with nonambulatory spastic @entity306 . DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal review. SETTING: Pediatric nursing home. @entity1 : A total of 110 @entity1 and adolescents <18 years of age, with @entity1635 . INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cobb angle, age, weight, height, history of @entity572 , tracheostomy. RESULTS: The Cobb angle increased with age, weight, and height in a nonlinear fashion. A square root transformation of the Cobb angle was chosen to model the nonlinear relationship between the Cobb angle and predictors. Age, height, and weight were significant univariate predictors of the square root of the Cobb angle (slopes = 0.377, 0.067, and 0.06, respectively). In the multivariate mixed model, age remained a significant predictor of the Cobb angle (slope = 0.456), but height and weight did not. If the Cobb angle was > 40   by age 12 years, @entity1635 was more likely to progress than if the Cobb angle was  <= 40  . The effect of age was stronger for those with history of tracheostomy (age slope = 0.631 vs 0.281) than those without. The relationship of age and Cobb angle did not differ significantly between hip dislocated and non-hip-dislocated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Age was found to be the most significant predictor of Cobb angle, and the effect of age was greater in the tracheostomy group than in the nontracheostomy group. After adjustment for age, the weight and height were not significant predictors of Cobb angle. Cobb angles of > 40   by the age of 12 years were associated with greater increases in Cobb angle with age.

title: Natural history of XXXX in nonambulatory spastic @entity306 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip dislocation']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['tetraplegic cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['scoliosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the development and progression of @entity1635 in @entity1 and adolescents with nonambulatory spastic @entity306 . DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal review. SETTING: Pediatric nursing home. @entity1 : A total of 110 @entity1 and adolescents <18 years of age, with @entity1635 . INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cobb angle, age, weight, height, history of @entity572 , tracheostomy. RESULTS: The Cobb angle increased with age, weight, and height in a nonlinear fashion. A square root transformation of the Cobb angle was chosen to model the nonlinear relationship between the Cobb angle and predictors. Age, height, and weight were significant univariate predictors of the square root of the Cobb angle (slopes = 0.377, 0.067, and 0.06, respectively). In the multivariate mixed model, age remained a significant predictor of the Cobb angle (slope = 0.456), but height and weight did not. If the Cobb angle was > 40   by age 12 years, @entity1635 was more likely to progress than if the Cobb angle was  <= 40  . The effect of age was stronger for those with history of tracheostomy (age slope = 0.631 vs 0.281) than those without. The relationship of age and Cobb angle did not differ significantly between hip dislocated and non-hip-dislocated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Age was found to be the most significant predictor of Cobb angle, and the effect of age was greater in the tracheostomy group than in the nontracheostomy group. After adjustment for age, the weight and height were not significant predictors of Cobb angle. Cobb angles of > 40   by the age of 12 years were associated with greater increases in Cobb angle with age.

title: Natural history of @entity1635 in nonambulatory spastic XXXX .

answer: @entity306 :: (MESH:D002547,Disease) :: ['tetraplegic cerebral palsy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the multilayer Gore-Tex patch as temporary coverage of deep, noninfectious @entity2687 . DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional case series. METHODS:                 <AbstractText Label="SETTING" NlmCategory="METHODS">University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. @entity1 POPULATION: Thirty-nine eyes of 38 @entity1 with noninfectious, deep @entity2687 . Underlying disorders included @entity1200 in 37 eyes (94.9%) and @entity735 (5.1%). Intervention procedures: Corneal defects were covered with multiple Gore-Tex layers, of which the uppermost was sutured to the @entity267 . The Gore-Tex patch was kept in place until an appropriate corneal transplant was obtained and effective systemic immunosuppression was initiated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Long-term preservation of the eye, frequency of resuturing of the Gore-Tex patch, and best-corrected visual acuity. RESULTS: In 38 cases, the eye could be preserved. In 10 eyes, additional sutures were required. Before surgery, the mean best-corrected visual acuity (logMAR) was 1.14    0.45 (20/250), and that at final follow-up was 1.13    0.41 (20/250). The Gore-Tex patch remained in place 4 days to 32 months (mean, 6.4    8.3 months) until corneal transplantation (27 eyes) or until an alternative way of defect coverage could be performed. Three eyes did not require further coverage after explantation of the Gore-Tex patch. In 6 eyes, either the Gore-Tex patch was kept in place or the @entity1 died. CONCLUSIONS: Temporary coverage of deep @entity2687 with multilayer Gore-Tex patches allows time until an appropriate corneal transplant is obtained. The technique is particularly useful in @entity1 with underlying @entity792 , because an effective systemic immunosuppression can be initiated before corneal transplantation.

title: Multilayered Gore-Tex patch for temporary coverage of deep noninfectious XXXX : surgical procedure and clinical experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic defects in 2 eyes']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['neurotrophic or immunologic ulcers']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal defects']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorders']

answer: @entity2687 :: (MESH:D003316,Disease) :: ['corneal defects']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of de novo urgency after tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) compared with the transobturator tape (TOT) procedure in @entity1 with @entity3142 ( @entity3142 ). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study of all consecutive @entity1 with urodynamically confirmed @entity3142 undergoing anti- @entity322 surgery between January 2000 and January 2008. All procedures were performed by experienced urogynaecologists well trained in TVT and TOT surgery. Assessments were carried out at 1, 6, 12 and, 36 months after surgery. RESULTS: The study population included 366 @entity1 (mean age 59.5 years), 243 in the TVT group and 123 in the TOT group. The groups were similar in terms of demographics, preoperative data, and cure rates. De novo urgency occurred in 13.4% of @entity1 at 6 months after surgery, in 19.3% at 12 months, and in 22.1% at 36 months. De novo urgency was significantly more frequent in the TVT group than in the TOT group at 12 (22.2% vs 11.2%, P=0.025), 24 (24.8% vs 12.3%, P=0.033), and 36 (0% vs 24.7%, P=0.034) months. Cure rates were similar in both groups. The final adjusted cure rate was 87.3% (319/366). CONCLUSION: Treatment of @entity3142 using the TOT procedure was associated with a lower rate of de novo urgency.

title: De novo urgency after tension-free vaginal tape versus transobturator tape procedure for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress urinary incontinence', 'SUI']

answer: @entity3142 :: (MESH:D014550,Disease) :: ['stress urinary incontinence']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been approved for therapeutic applications. Despite the advances in this field, in vitro approaches are still required to improve the essential indices that would pave the way to a bright horizon for an efficient transplantation in the future. Nanotechnology could help to improve these approaches. Studies signified the important role of @entity68 in stem cell metabolism and efficiency of @entity920 chelation application for stem cell expansion   METHODS: For the first time, based on novel Nanochelating technology, we design an @entity68 containing @entity920 chelator nano complex, GFc7 and examined on hMSCs during in vitro expansion. In this study, the hMSCs were isolated, characterized and expanded in vitro in two media (with or without GFc7). Then proliferation, cell viability, cell cycle analysis, surface markers, HLADR, pluripotency genes expression, homing and antioxidative defense at genes and protein expression were investigated. Also we analyzed the spontaneous differentiation and examined osteogenic and lipogenic differentiation.   RESULTS: GFc7 affected the expression of key genes, improving both the @entity3308 and fitness of the cells in a precise and balanced manner. We observed significant increases in cell proliferation, enhanced expression of pluripotency genes and homing markers, improved antioxidative defense, repression of genes involved in spontaneous differentiation and exposing the hMSCs to differentiation medium indicated that pretreatment with GFc7 increased the quality and rate of differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, GFc7 appears to be a potential new supplement for cell culture medium for increasing the efficiency of transplantation.

title: Nanochelating based nanocomplex, GFc7, improves quality and quantity of XXXX mesenchymal stem cells during in vitro expansion.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In this work, chemiluminescence (CL) method was combined with microfluidic paper-based analytical device ( PAD) to establish a novel CL  PAD biosensor for the first time. This novel CL  PAD biosensor was based on enzyme reaction which produced @entity274 while decomposing the substrate and the CL reaction between @entity60028 derivative and generated @entity274 in acid medium. Microchannels in  PAD were fabricated by cutting method. And the possible CL assay principle of this CL  PAD biosensor was explained. @entity60028 derivative system was used to reach the purpose of high sensitivity and well-defined signal for this CL  PAD biosensor. And the optimum reaction conditions were investigated. The quantitative determination of @entity414 could be achieved by this CL  PAD biosensor with accurate and satisfactory result. And this biosensor could provide good reproducible results upon storage at 4  C for at least 10 weeks. The successful integration of  PAD and CL reaction made the final biosensor inexpensive, easy-to-use, low-volume, and portable for @entity414 determination, which also greatly reduces the cost and increases the efficiency required for an analysis. We believe this simple, practical CL  PAD biosensor will be of interest for use in areas such as disease diagnosis.

title: A novel chemiluminescence paper microfluidic biosensor based on enzymatic reaction for XXXX determination.

entities_list: @entity60028 :: ('MESH:D012236', 'Chemical') :: ['rhodanine', 'Rhodanine']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity414 :: (MESH:D014527,Chemical) :: ['uric acid']


abstract: Prior studies of observer agreement of the clinical exam of @entity1 with @entity565 have focused on small numbers of specially trained observers, often in the setting of clinical trials. Our objective was to evaluate interobserver reliability in the physical exam of acute pediatric wheezing and @entity565 among a large group of diverse examiners, in a setting of routine clinical practice, and without prior special training. The setting was a large urban @entity1 's hospital. Observers were attending pediatric emergency physicians and fellows; hospital respiratory therapists; and @entity341 ( @entity341 ) nurses. @entity1 were @entity1 receiving nebulized medications for wheezing in the @entity341 or inpatient @entity565 unit. Pairs of observers simultaneously but independently rated work of breathing, wheeze, decreased air entry, prolonged expiration, @entity1353 , respiratory rate, mental status, and global (or overall) severity using a structured exam template. A total score for each exam was also evaluated. A total of 230 pairs of observations were performed; mean @entity1 age was 5.3 years. For all pairs, the weighted kappa statistics for the exam components ranged from 0.61 to 0.74 (moderate or substantial agreement). The global severity category and total score had weighted kappas of 0.80 and 0.82, respectively (excellent agreement). Agreement was generally somewhat lower for unlike (different profession) observer pairs than for like observer pairs, but remained acceptable. Agreement in two age groups (< or = 3 years old and > or = 4) was at least moderate for all exam components analyzed. Spearman rank correlations between individual exam components and the global assessments of @entity1 severity were all greater than 0.5, indicating at least moderate to good correlations. We found substantial interobserver agreement among a broad range of examiners in the components of the clinical examination of acute wheezing in both younger and older @entity1 . This is contrary to the commonly held observation that the poor interobserver reliability of physical exam findings in @entity565 may limit their usefulness as @entity565 outcome measures. Support for use of a structured respiratory exam format or template in @entity565 guidelines was also shown.

title: Interrater agreement in the clinical evaluation of acute pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathlessness']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: In asthmatics, the score of bronchoconstriction-associated @entity1353 at 20% fall in forced expiratory volume at first second (FEV1) evaluated on a Borg scale ( @entity33362 ) is a tool successfully used to measure the perception of symptoms. This prospective laboratory study evaluated the applicability of @entity33362 to assess the @entity1353 induced by ultrasonically nebulized distilled water (UNDW) and @entity2710 (M) and its reproducibility. Twenty-two mild and clinically stable asthmatic @entity1 performed UNDW and M challenge tests. The @entity33362 was calculated by linear interpolation of the last two points of the perception/fall in FEV1 curve of the UNDW and M tests. The reproducibility of @entity33362 M was assessed by repeating measurements on 2 separate days by 3 weeks. @entity33362 UNDW and @entity33362 M did not differ and were respectively 1.82 +/- 1.85 and 2.03 +/- 1.86. They were significantly related (rs=0.63; p<0.01) and the bias between @entity33362 UNDW and @entity33362 M was -0.21 with the limits of agreement ranging from -3.2 to 3.6. The intraclass correlation coefficient for repeated measurement of @entity33362 M was 0.82; the bias between the two measurements was 0.2 with the limits of agreement ranging from -2.8 to 3.2. All @entity1 had a measurable @entity1353 perception degree on a Borg scale during both distilled water challenges and @entity2710 . @entity748 @entity1 with normal, exaggerated or poor @entity1353 perception were also similar for both stimuli. In addition, @entity33362 showed a good reproducibility and this allows the serial evaluation of @entity1 's @entity1353 perception by this technique in clinical settings and in the physiology laboratory.

title: Assessment of XXXX perception by Borg scale in asthmatic @entity1 : reproducibility and applicability to different stimuli.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['Asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

answer: @entity1353 :: (MESH:D004417,Disease) :: ['breathlessness']


abstract: In asthmatics, the score of bronchoconstriction-associated @entity1353 at 20% fall in forced expiratory volume at first second (FEV1) evaluated on a Borg scale ( @entity33362 ) is a tool successfully used to measure the perception of symptoms. This prospective laboratory study evaluated the applicability of @entity33362 to assess the @entity1353 induced by ultrasonically nebulized distilled water (UNDW) and @entity2710 (M) and its reproducibility. Twenty-two mild and clinically stable asthmatic @entity1 performed UNDW and M challenge tests. The @entity33362 was calculated by linear interpolation of the last two points of the perception/fall in FEV1 curve of the UNDW and M tests. The reproducibility of @entity33362 M was assessed by repeating measurements on 2 separate days by 3 weeks. @entity33362 UNDW and @entity33362 M did not differ and were respectively 1.82 +/- 1.85 and 2.03 +/- 1.86. They were significantly related (rs=0.63; p<0.01) and the bias between @entity33362 UNDW and @entity33362 M was -0.21 with the limits of agreement ranging from -3.2 to 3.6. The intraclass correlation coefficient for repeated measurement of @entity33362 M was 0.82; the bias between the two measurements was 0.2 with the limits of agreement ranging from -2.8 to 3.2. All @entity1 had a measurable @entity1353 perception degree on a Borg scale during both distilled water challenges and @entity2710 . @entity748 @entity1 with normal, exaggerated or poor @entity1353 perception were also similar for both stimuli. In addition, @entity33362 showed a good reproducibility and this allows the serial evaluation of @entity1 's @entity1353 perception by this technique in clinical settings and in the physiology laboratory.

title: Assessment of @entity1353 perception by Borg scale in asthmatic XXXX : reproducibility and applicability to different stimuli.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The rate of @entity43 diagnosis in reproductive age @entity1 has increased parallel to the improvements in diagnostic methods and regular gynaecological visits. Because of this organ saving surgical procedures for the preservation of reproductive and endocrine functions have gained more interest. Conservative surgical approaches for @entity43 after surgical staging include cystectomy, unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy plus contralateral cystectomy. @entity43 diagnosed in young ages tend to be low-stage low-grade @entity5 . This not only enables but also necessitates preserving the fertility of @entity1 who have not completed their family. In invasive @entity43 , fertility saving surgery is confined to early-stage and low-grade disease. But, it also had been reported in advanced stages (up to Stage IIIc). Candidates for those procedures were selected according to the FIGO stage, grade, ploidy state, histological subtypes and @entity1 ' desire. Adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary for high-risk @entity1 . The rate of recurrence following conservative and radical surgical procedures in low-stage and low-grade @entity5 are 9% and 11.6%, respectively; and disease-free and overall survival rates do not differ significantly. Prognosis of borderline @entity43 is excellent. Five and 20-year survival rates are 95% and 80%, respectively. Management of borderline @entity5 has evolved significantly in the last few decades. In contrast to invasive @entity43 , borderline @entity5 can be operated on conservatively at all stages. Chemotherapy is rarely prescribed even in advanced stages. Eighty percent of malignant germ cell @entity5 are diagnosed less than 30 years of age, and 70-75% of @entity1 have Stage I disease. Conservative surgery is generally used in malignant germ cell @entity5 even in advanced stages. The relation between ovulation induction and @entity5 recurrence is not consistent in the literature. Spontaneous pregnancy rates following fertility saving surgery has been reported as 60-88%. Because of this over-treatment of these @entity1 for fertility should be avoided. Briefly, fertility saving surgery can be performed safely in germ cell, borderline and early @entity43 in selected cases. Any increment in the rate of @entity5 recurrence following ovulation induction has not yet been demonstrated. @entity1866 caused by chemotherapy are transient. The @entity600 rate of @entity43 @entity1 is slightly higher than that of the normal population, but no significant difference has been observed between @entity1 who received or did not receive chemotherapy.

title: Oncologic and reproductive outcome after fertility-saving surgery in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumour', 'Ovarian tumours', 'stage epithelial ovarian tumours', 'ovarian cancer', 'ovarian tumours']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'malignancies', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformation']

entities_list: @entity1866 :: ('MESH:D008599', 'Disease') :: ['Menstrual irregularities']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the appropriateness of the structure and the process of care for gynaecological @entity5 against national guidelines. SETTING _ SAMPLE: Incident cases of @entity43 managed between 1 January, 1999 and 31 December, 2000 in the South East of England. METHODS: Completion of an audit form, by a researcher, using the clinical record. Qualitative interviews with gynaecologists at each hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Whether hospitals meet the requirements for being a 'centre' or a 'unit' for gynaecological @entity5 and whether gynaecologists manage @entity43 according to the guidelines. RESULTS: Stage was recorded in the notes of 53% (262/492) of @entity1 with @entity43 but information to assist in determining stage was recorded in 86%. Of @entity1 who had a stage recorded by the consultant, who should have had a laparotomy and be referred for chemotherapy, 81% (169/209) were managed according to the guidelines, ignoring whether there was removal of disease to nodules of less than 1 cm. Stage was recorded in the notes of 60% (188/315) of @entity1 with @entity5 , although information relevant to staging the @entity1 was recorded in 66%. Overall 76% (142/188) of @entity1 with stage recorded in the notes were managed according to the guidelines but 40% (127/315) of @entity1 audited were not assessable. Only one site met the criteria for being a @entity5 centre. Of the remaining sites, most striking was the inability to assemble a team of professionals, including a radiologist, a pathologist and an oncology nurse to discuss individual @entity1 care. CONCLUSIONS: Retrospective note audits will be hampered by missing data in the clinical record until systems are developed to improve the quality of notes. This research suggests that guidelines based on FIGO staging for the @entity43 are not followed and that this may be associated with incomplete @entity5 management teams.

title: National guidance on gynaecological @entity5 management: an audit of gynaecological XXXX services and management in the South East of England.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian and cervical cancer', 'ovarian cancer', 'ovarian or cervical cancer', 'management of ovarian and cervical cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the appropriateness of the structure and the process of care for gynaecological @entity5 against national guidelines. SETTING _ SAMPLE: Incident cases of @entity43 managed between 1 January, 1999 and 31 December, 2000 in the South East of England. METHODS: Completion of an audit form, by a researcher, using the clinical record. Qualitative interviews with gynaecologists at each hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Whether hospitals meet the requirements for being a 'centre' or a 'unit' for gynaecological @entity5 and whether gynaecologists manage @entity43 according to the guidelines. RESULTS: Stage was recorded in the notes of 53% (262/492) of @entity1 with @entity43 but information to assist in determining stage was recorded in 86%. Of @entity1 who had a stage recorded by the consultant, who should have had a laparotomy and be referred for chemotherapy, 81% (169/209) were managed according to the guidelines, ignoring whether there was removal of disease to nodules of less than 1 cm. Stage was recorded in the notes of 60% (188/315) of @entity1 with @entity5 , although information relevant to staging the @entity1 was recorded in 66%. Overall 76% (142/188) of @entity1 with stage recorded in the notes were managed according to the guidelines but 40% (127/315) of @entity1 audited were not assessable. Only one site met the criteria for being a @entity5 centre. Of the remaining sites, most striking was the inability to assemble a team of professionals, including a radiologist, a pathologist and an oncology nurse to discuss individual @entity1 care. CONCLUSIONS: Retrospective note audits will be hampered by missing data in the clinical record until systems are developed to improve the quality of notes. This research suggests that guidelines based on FIGO staging for the @entity43 are not followed and that this may be associated with incomplete @entity5 management teams.

title: National guidance on gynaecological XXXX management: an audit of gynaecological @entity5 services and management in the South East of England.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: The efficacy of a combination of @entity786 and @entity900 in @entity1 with metastatic and recurrent @entity189 , was tested. Thirty @entity1 were included in the study. Initially, 27 @entity1 (90%) had received pelvic radiation and intracavitary boost and one @entity1 was additionally given paraaortic radiation. @entity900 was given at 75 mg/m2 followed by @entity786 at 750 mg/m2 on day 1 with three weekly intervals for a maximum of six cycles. All @entity1 received a median of four cycles of chemotherapy. The overall response rate for all eligible @entity1 was 20% (continuous @entity3432 , PR: 4 @entity1 ). Overall response rate and progressive response in @entity1 with relapse within the previous radiation field were 9.5% and 66.7%, respectively; while for @entity1 who had recurrent disease outside any irradiated area both were 44.4%. Eighteen @entity1 (60%) had early withdrawal from the planned schedule, which was due to @entity1 incompliance in seven @entity1 (23.3%), disease progression in ten (33.3%) and @entity204 after the first cycle in one @entity1 (3.3%). @entity417 was the most frequent @entity137 , necessiating 24 transfusions in nine @entity1 (30%). WHO grade 3 and 4 @entity137 were @entity417 : 13 (43.3%), @entity1210 : one (3.3%), @entity882 : two (6.6%), renal: one, emesis: nine (30.0%) @entity1 . The median survival duration for all eligible @entity1 was 11 months. Univariate analysis revealed that progressive response to chemotherapy was the only prognostic factor for survival (7.1 vs 16.8 months, p = 0.003). The combination of @entity900 and @entity786 did not appear to be more active than single agent @entity900 in this @entity1 group with a relatively poor prognosis. Further studies are required to determine a better therapeutic approach for @entity1 with relapsed @entity189 .

title: Efficacy of XXXX and @entity786 combination for recurrent and metastatic carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin', 'Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the cervix']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The efficacy of a combination of @entity786 and @entity900 in @entity1 with metastatic and recurrent @entity189 , was tested. Thirty @entity1 were included in the study. Initially, 27 @entity1 (90%) had received pelvic radiation and intracavitary boost and one @entity1 was additionally given paraaortic radiation. @entity900 was given at 75 mg/m2 followed by @entity786 at 750 mg/m2 on day 1 with three weekly intervals for a maximum of six cycles. All @entity1 received a median of four cycles of chemotherapy. The overall response rate for all eligible @entity1 was 20% (continuous @entity3432 , PR: 4 @entity1 ). Overall response rate and progressive response in @entity1 with relapse within the previous radiation field were 9.5% and 66.7%, respectively; while for @entity1 who had recurrent disease outside any irradiated area both were 44.4%. Eighteen @entity1 (60%) had early withdrawal from the planned schedule, which was due to @entity1 incompliance in seven @entity1 (23.3%), disease progression in ten (33.3%) and @entity204 after the first cycle in one @entity1 (3.3%). @entity417 was the most frequent @entity137 , necessiating 24 transfusions in nine @entity1 (30%). WHO grade 3 and 4 @entity137 were @entity417 : 13 (43.3%), @entity1210 : one (3.3%), @entity882 : two (6.6%), renal: one, emesis: nine (30.0%) @entity1 . The median survival duration for all eligible @entity1 was 11 months. Univariate analysis revealed that progressive response to chemotherapy was the only prognostic factor for survival (7.1 vs 16.8 months, p = 0.003). The combination of @entity900 and @entity786 did not appear to be more active than single agent @entity900 in this @entity1 group with a relatively poor prognosis. Further studies are required to determine a better therapeutic approach for @entity1 with relapsed @entity189 .

title: Efficacy of @entity900 and XXXX combination for recurrent and metastatic carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are important @entity1 of @entity2295 and are mobilized through signaling with stromal-derived factor (SDF-1a), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity62202 . The association between EPC levels and these growth factors (GF) in @entity64 has not been previously established. We aimed to determine the association between EPC and these GF, and to elucidate a relationship between these GF and @entity64 severity in @entity64 @entity1 . METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 were selected from 175 @entity1 with imaging-confirmed acute @entity385 . EPC were quantified using @entity2280 , @entity5439 , and @entity319 markers. Plasma @entity7 , SDF-1a, @entity62202 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on days 1 and 3, and brain MRI was performed at baseline and on days 1 and 5 after the @entity64 onset. RESULTS: Levels of SDF-1a strongly (r=0.6) correlated with the numbers of EPC subsets @entity5439 (+)VEFG-R2(+) (P<0.004), @entity2280 (+) @entity7 -R2(+) (P<0.01), and @entity2280 (+) @entity5439 (+) @entity7 -R2(+) (P<0.01) on day 1. @entity6826 strongly (r=0.5) correlated with @entity5439 (+) @entity7 -R2(+) (P<0.05). SDF-1a moderately inversely (r=-0.49) correlated with baseline diffusion-weighted imaging lesion volumes (P<0.04). Median levels of SDF-1a (1561 pg/mL) increased (P<0.04) on day 3 compared to day 1 (1379 pg/mL). Similarly, @entity7 at day 3 (95 pg/mL) increased (P<0.03) compared to day 1 (64 pg/mL). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that SDF-1a and @entity6826 correlate with an increase in EPC early in @entity385 @entity1 .

title: Stromal-derived factor-1[alpha] correlates with circulating endothelial progenitor cells and with acute lesion volume in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity6826 :: ('4254', 'Gene') :: ['Stem cell factor', 'stem cell factor']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity62202 :: ('1440;4254', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and stem cell factor']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are important @entity1 of @entity2295 and are mobilized through signaling with stromal-derived factor (SDF-1a), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity62202 . The association between EPC levels and these growth factors (GF) in @entity64 has not been previously established. We aimed to determine the association between EPC and these GF, and to elucidate a relationship between these GF and @entity64 severity in @entity64 @entity1 . METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 were selected from 175 @entity1 with imaging-confirmed acute @entity385 . EPC were quantified using @entity2280 , @entity5439 , and @entity319 markers. Plasma @entity7 , SDF-1a, @entity62202 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on days 1 and 3, and brain MRI was performed at baseline and on days 1 and 5 after the @entity64 onset. RESULTS: Levels of SDF-1a strongly (r=0.6) correlated with the numbers of EPC subsets @entity5439 (+)VEFG-R2(+) (P<0.004), @entity2280 (+) @entity7 -R2(+) (P<0.01), and @entity2280 (+) @entity5439 (+) @entity7 -R2(+) (P<0.01) on day 1. @entity6826 strongly (r=0.5) correlated with @entity5439 (+) @entity7 -R2(+) (P<0.05). SDF-1a moderately inversely (r=-0.49) correlated with baseline diffusion-weighted imaging lesion volumes (P<0.04). Median levels of SDF-1a (1561 pg/mL) increased (P<0.04) on day 3 compared to day 1 (1379 pg/mL). Similarly, @entity7 at day 3 (95 pg/mL) increased (P<0.03) compared to day 1 (64 pg/mL). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that SDF-1a and @entity6826 correlate with an increase in EPC early in @entity385 @entity1 .

title: Stromal-derived factor-1[alpha] correlates with circulating endothelial progenitor cells and with acute lesion volume in @entity64 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on force-displacement value ( @entity15022 ) of muscle state and the temperature index of infrared thermogram in @entity1 with @entity121 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity121 were randomly divided into a medication group and an EA group. The medication group (n = 60) were treated with @entity3522 dual release enteric-coated capsules, 75 mg per day for 7 days. The EA group (n = 60) received EA at bilateral Houxi (SI 3), Jiaji (EX-B2), and Ashi points, at 20-30 mm depth and 10-25 Hz frequency for 20 min daily for 7 days. Muscle states were determined by measuring FDVs of the bilateral lumbar muscle with a Myotonometer fast muscle state detector. The temperature index of the lumbar skin was measured before and after treatment with a Fluke Ti30 non-refrigerated focal plane infrared thermal imaging detector. RESULTS: There were no significant pre-treatment differences between the medication group and the EA group in mean @entity15022 (P = 0.052) or temperature index of the lumbar skin (P = 0.25). The cure rate was 63.3% in the EA group and 53.3% in the medication group. The total efficacy in the EA group (93.3 %) was not significantly different from that in the medication group (86.6 %, P = 0.204). After treatment, the mean @entity15022 of the lumbar muscle significantly increased in both groups (P < 0.05 for both groups); the @entity15022 increase in the EA group was significantly higher than in the medication group (P = 0.015). The temperature index was also significantly increased in both groups (P < 0.05 for both groups); the infrared thermogram in the EA group indicated significantly greater recovery compared to the medication group (P = 0.026). CONCLUSION: Both EA and @entity3522 markedly improved @entity697 , but EA better improved the rehabilitation and regeneration of FDVs and temperature index of infrared thermogram of the muscle.

title: Effect of electroacupuncture on muscle state and infrared thermogram changes in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute lumbar sprain']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac sodium']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['acute lumbar muscle sprain']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['acute lumbar muscle sprain']