abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of abnormal gravity on @entity1 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Strong magnetic field and magnetic field gradient generate a magnetic force that can add to or subtract from the gravitational force. In this study, this is defined as a high-magneto-gravitational environment (HMGE). The HMGE provides three apparent gravity levels, i.e. hypogravity ( g), hypergravity (2g) and normal gravity with strong magnetic field (1g) conditions. After hMSCs were subject to HMGE for 12 h, the proliferation, morphology, structure and apoptosis were investigated. Results showed that the proliferation of hMSCs was inhibited under  g condition. The abnormal gravity induced morphologic characteristics of apoptosis cells, such as cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, nuclear chromatin condensation and margination, decreased cell viability, and increased @entity522 /7 activity. The rate of apoptosis under  g condition is up to 56.95%. The F-actin stress fibers and microtubules were disrupted under abnormal gravity condition. Under  g-condition, the expression of @entity876 at mRNA and protein levels was up-regulated more than 9- and 6 folds, respectively. The @entity12559 -a, an specific inhibitor of @entity876 , inhibited the apoptosis and prevented the disruption of cytoskeleton induced by abnormal gravity. These results implied that hMSCs were sensitive to abnormal gravity and exhibited classic apoptotic features, which might be associated with @entity876 signaling.

title: XXXX mesenchymal stem cells are sensitive to abnormal gravity and exhibit classic apoptotic features.

entities_list: @entity12559 :: ('MESH:C121565', 'Chemical') :: ['Pifithrin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: @entity5363 cause @entity1902 in @entity1 . The main transmission vector is the consumption or handling of contaminated @entity1573 meat, since @entity1573 can be colonized asymptomatically by @entity5363 . However, water has been implicated as the transmission vector in a few outbreaks. One possibility is the contamination of water effluent by @entity5363 originating from @entity1573 farm. The ability of @entity5363 to be transmitted by water would be closely associated to its ability to survive in water. Therefore, in this study, we have evaluated the ability of reference strains and @entity1573 -isolated strains to survive in water. Defined water media were used, since the composition of tap water is variable. We showed that some isolates survive better than others in defined freshwater (Fraquil) and that the survival was affected by temperature and the concentration of @entity4202 . By comparing the ability of @entity5363 to survive in water with other phenotypic properties previously tested, we showed that the ability to survive in water was negatively correlated with autoagglutination. Our data showed that not all @entity1573 isolates have the same ability to survive in water, which is probably due to difference in genetic content.

title: Survival in water of XXXX strains isolated from the slaughterhouse.

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity5363 :: ('197', 'Species') :: ['Campylobacter jejuni', 'C. jejuni']

answer: @entity5363 :: (197,Species) :: ['Campylobacter jejuni']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: We compared the sizes of the dural sac among conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), axial loaded MRI, and upright myelography in @entity1 with lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether axial loaded MRI can demonstrate similar positional changes of the dural sac size as were detected by upright myelography in LSCS. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: In @entity1 with LSCS, @entity15496 of the dural sac is worsened and symptoms are aggravated during standing or walking. To disclose such positional changes, upright myelography has been widely used. Recently, axial loaded MRI, which can simulate a standing position, has been developed. However, there has been no study to compare the dural sac size between axial loaded MRI and upright myelography. METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 underwent conventional MRI, axial loaded MRI, and myelography. Transverse and anteroposterior diameters and the cross-sectional areas of the dural sac from L2-L3 to L5-S1 were compared. Pearson correlations of the diameters between the MRIs and the myelograms were analyzed. On the basis of the myelograms, all disc levels were divided into severe and nonsevere @entity15496 groups. In each group, the diameters and the cross-sectional areas were compared. Sensitivity and specificity to detect severe @entity15496 were calculated for the conventional and axial loaded MRI. RESULTS: Transverse and anteroposterior diameters at L4-L5 in the axial loaded MRI and myelogram were significantly smaller than those observed in the conventional MRI (P < 0.001). Cross-sectional areas in the axial loaded MRI were significantly smaller than those in the conventional MRI at L2-L3, L3-L4, and L4-L5 (P < 0.001). Between the axial loaded MRI and the myelography, Pearson correlation coefficients of the transverse and anteroposterior diameters were 0.85 and 0.87, respectively (P < 0.001), which were higher than those for conventional MRI. Reductions of the dural sac sizes in the axial loaded MRI were more evident in the severe @entity15496 group. The axial loaded MRI detected severe @entity15496 with a higher sensitivity (96.4%) and specificity (98.2%) than the conventional MRI. CONCLUSION: The axial loaded MRI demonstrated a significant reduction in the dural sac size and significant correlations of the dural sac diameters with the upright myelogram. Furthermore, the axial loaded MRI had higher sensitivity and specificity than the conventional MRI for detecting the severe @entity15496 observed in the myelogram. Therefore, the axial loaded MRI can be used to represent positional changes of the dural sac size detected by the upright myelography in @entity1 with LSCS.

title: Axial loading during magnetic resonance imaging in XXXX with lumbar spinal canal stenosis: does it reproduce the positional change of the dural sac detected by upright myelography?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity15496 :: ('MESH:D015877', 'Disease') :: ['constriction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: (Full text is available at http://www.manu.edu.mk/prilozi). @entity71 [ @entity71 ] is a @entity146 characterized by inattention, @entity2915 and impulsivity that affects from 3-5% of school-aged @entity1 . In some cases it may persist into adulthood. Prominent theories about @entity71 suggest that inattention, @entity2915 and impulsivity may be due to underlying @entity71 , including alerting, orienting and executive control. The aim of this study was to investigate neuropsychological characteristics of @entity71 @entity1 , especially their executive functions [EFs]. The sample is comprised of 30 @entity71 @entity1 from 6 to 14 years old [10, 45    22, 2], only @entity1 , diagnosed at the department of psychophysiology, University @entity1 's Hospital. The diagnosis was established according to ICD-10 criteria. All @entity1 had an IQ over 90 and were medication free. Psychological assessment of the @entity1 was performed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for @entity1 [WISC-IV] and @entity21168 Comprehensive Parent Rating Scale [ASTeRS]. Neuropsychological assessment was performed with the Stroop test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test [WCST]. Results showed an average IQ, manifested symptoms of @entity2915 and @entity409 , confirmed by the Stroop test and WCST. Key words: @entity71 , executive functions, @entity1 .

title: XXXX as an @entity409 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'deficits of the components of attention', 'Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['executive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['ADHD']


abstract: (Full text is available at http://www.manu.edu.mk/prilozi). @entity71 [ @entity71 ] is a @entity146 characterized by inattention, @entity2915 and impulsivity that affects from 3-5% of school-aged @entity1 . In some cases it may persist into adulthood. Prominent theories about @entity71 suggest that inattention, @entity2915 and impulsivity may be due to underlying @entity71 , including alerting, orienting and executive control. The aim of this study was to investigate neuropsychological characteristics of @entity71 @entity1 , especially their executive functions [EFs]. The sample is comprised of 30 @entity71 @entity1 from 6 to 14 years old [10, 45    22, 2], only @entity1 , diagnosed at the department of psychophysiology, University @entity1 's Hospital. The diagnosis was established according to ICD-10 criteria. All @entity1 had an IQ over 90 and were medication free. Psychological assessment of the @entity1 was performed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for @entity1 [WISC-IV] and @entity21168 Comprehensive Parent Rating Scale [ASTeRS]. Neuropsychological assessment was performed with the Stroop test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test [WCST]. Results showed an average IQ, manifested symptoms of @entity2915 and @entity409 , confirmed by the Stroop test and WCST. Key words: @entity71 , executive functions, @entity1 .

title: @entity71 as an XXXX .

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['executive dysfunction']


abstract: Different clinical studies have demonstrated @entity45341 's efficacy in the treatment of superficial dermatomycoses when administered either @entity2794 or @entity2794 for four weeks. The aim of the present study was to compare both dosing schedules for the treatment of superficial dermatomycoses. In this randomized, controlled, double blind study, we included 84 @entity1 suffering superficial @entity4013 (confirmed by microscopic examination (KOH) and culture) susceptible for topical monotherapy. Forty-one @entity1 received @entity45341 1% @entity2794 ( @entity2794 ) and forty-three @entity2794 ( @entity2794 ) for four weeks. The efficacy of treatment was evaluated by clinical and mycological criteria at the end of treatment (D28) and after four weeks without treatment (D58). Clinical and mycological cure rates on D28 were 50% with @entity2794 and 65% with @entity2794 treatment. Only considering clinical evaluation, clinical cure rates on D28 were 63% ( @entity2794 ) and 70% ( @entity2794 ). Also, clinical and mycological cure rates on D56 were 65% with @entity2794 and 72% with @entity2794 treatment. Only considering clinical evaluation, clinical cure rates on D56 were of 68% ( @entity2794 ) and 72% ( @entity2794 ). The overall tolerability was similar in both treatment groups. The efficacy assessment at the end of treatment (D28) and four weeks after treatment discontinuation (D56) showed that the @entity2794 treatment is not inferior to the @entity2794 treatment, with similar clinical and mycological cure rates and clinical cure rates in both cases. The @entity2794 administration of @entity45341 @entity12285 % is the most appropriate dosing schedule as it provides the same efficacy, it improves @entity1 's compliance and the cost per day of treatment.

title: [Comparison of the efficacy of 1% XXXX cream twice a day with 1% @entity45341 cream once a day for the treatment of superficial dermatophytoses].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4013 :: ('MESH:D014005', 'Disease') :: ['dermatophytosis']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['twice daily', 'OD', 'once daily', 'TD']

entities_list: @entity45341 :: ('MESH:C076986', 'Chemical') :: ['flutrimazole']

answer: @entity45341 :: (MESH:C076986,Chemical) :: ['flutrimazole']


abstract: Different clinical studies have demonstrated @entity45341 's efficacy in the treatment of superficial dermatomycoses when administered either @entity2794 or @entity2794 for four weeks. The aim of the present study was to compare both dosing schedules for the treatment of superficial dermatomycoses. In this randomized, controlled, double blind study, we included 84 @entity1 suffering superficial @entity4013 (confirmed by microscopic examination (KOH) and culture) susceptible for topical monotherapy. Forty-one @entity1 received @entity45341 1% @entity2794 ( @entity2794 ) and forty-three @entity2794 ( @entity2794 ) for four weeks. The efficacy of treatment was evaluated by clinical and mycological criteria at the end of treatment (D28) and after four weeks without treatment (D58). Clinical and mycological cure rates on D28 were 50% with @entity2794 and 65% with @entity2794 treatment. Only considering clinical evaluation, clinical cure rates on D28 were 63% ( @entity2794 ) and 70% ( @entity2794 ). Also, clinical and mycological cure rates on D56 were 65% with @entity2794 and 72% with @entity2794 treatment. Only considering clinical evaluation, clinical cure rates on D56 were of 68% ( @entity2794 ) and 72% ( @entity2794 ). The overall tolerability was similar in both treatment groups. The efficacy assessment at the end of treatment (D28) and four weeks after treatment discontinuation (D56) showed that the @entity2794 treatment is not inferior to the @entity2794 treatment, with similar clinical and mycological cure rates and clinical cure rates in both cases. The @entity2794 administration of @entity45341 @entity12285 % is the most appropriate dosing schedule as it provides the same efficacy, it improves @entity1 's compliance and the cost per day of treatment.

title: [Comparison of the efficacy of 1% @entity45341 cream twice a day with 1% XXXX cream once a day for the treatment of superficial dermatophytoses].

answer: @entity45341 :: (MESH:C076986,Chemical) :: ['flutrimazole']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate how laymen assess the need for sickness certification and how they use the concepts "disease" and "illness" in relation to @entity85 . DESIGN: Mail questionnaire with simulated case histories. SUBJECTS: A stratified, random sample of 600 Norwegians, aged 16-69 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scores that measured the respondents' use of the concept "illness", and their view on need for sickness certification were constructed and analysed. RESULTS: Response rate was 54%. The respondents perceived seven case histories describing musculoskeletal health problems more often as "illness" (61%) than as "disease" (46%). There was a close correlation between the use of "illness" and assessed need for sickness certification. However, sickness certification could be suggested for cases with @entity4048 , even if the @entity1 was not perceived as ill. @entity1 suggested sickness certification significantly more often than @entity1 . Age, length of education, and personal experience with serious musculoskeletal health problems influenced suggestions on certification among @entity1 . However, these variables could not explain any difference in use of the concept "illness".

title: Assessment of sickness certification and concepts of XXXX and illness in the general population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Women', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal disorders']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['musculoskeletal disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether ICU readmission is associated with higher severity of @entity221 scores in adult @entity1 . BACKGROUND: Readmissions to the intensive care unit (ICU) are associated with increased costs, morbidity, and mortality. METHODS: We performed searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and grey literature databases. We selected studies reporting data from adults who were hospitalized in an ICU, received severity of @entity221 scores, and were discharged from the ICU. Characteristics of readmitted and non-readmitted @entity1 were examined. RESULTS: We screened 4766 publications and included 31 studies in our analysis. In most studies, severity of @entity221 scores were higher in @entity1 readmitted to the ICU. Readmission was also associated with higher mortality and longer ICU and hospital stays. Excessive heterogeneity precluded the reporting of results in the form of a meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: ICU readmission is associated with higher severity of @entity221 scores during the same hospitalization in adult @entity1 .

title: Association of severity of XXXX and intensive care unit readmission: A systematic review.

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['illness']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic characteristics, immunophenotypes, pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of @entity72891 ( @entity1127 ). METHODS: The clinical data, histologic features and immunohistochemical results of 6 cases of @entity72891 were analyzed, with review of literature. RESULTS: There were altogether 5 @entity1 and a @entity1 . The age of @entity1 ranged from 44 to 87 years (median age = 61 years and mean age = 62 years). The sites of involvement included stomach (number = 2), jejunum (number = 2), distal ileum (number = 1) and rectum (number = 1). The @entity1 often presented with @entity490 or discomfort and tarry stool. All the cases studied showed similar morphology, were submucosa-based and composed of bland spindle cells associated with loose collagenous stroma and perivascular @entity4 . Prominent concentric fibroblastic proliferation ("onion-skin" appearance) and eosinophilic infiltrate were characteristics. Three of the @entity1 underwent surgical resection. The remaining @entity1 had the lesions removed with endoscopy. Follow-up data were available in 5 @entity1 and none of them had disease recurrence or @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1127 is a rare @entity1820 . Correct diagnosis primarily relies on pathologic examination. It needs to be distinguished from @entity674 or @entity5 .

title: [Clinicopathologic features of XXXX in gastrointestinal tract].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['benign tumor of gastrointestinal tract']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity72891 :: ('MESH:C566774', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal inflammatory fibroid polyp']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['inflammatory fibroid polyp']


abstract: BACKGROUND: During an epidemic of @entity1065 , social networks were used for an intervention campaign. GOAL OF THIS STUDY: To characterize the epidemic and describe the yield of new cases from index-case interviews. METHODS: Analyses of morbidity data collected by the Montgomery County, Alabama, sexually transmitted disease program determined the course of the epidemic and characterized the new case yields from social networks identified via index-case interviews (partner notification investigations) and interviews with sex partners and their associates (cluster investigations). Results and costs were compared to a noncampaign period. RESULTS: The number of reported syphilis cases nearly doubled from 1990 to 1991 (201 to 348 per 100,000 residents). During the 21-week campaign, 373 case- @entity1 had partner notification/cluster investigations; 113 (11%) of 984 sex partners and 41 (3%) of 1,146 high-risk associates ( @entity1 identified during cluster investigations) had syphilis. No subgroup of case- @entity1 for which the partner notification/cluster investigation yielded more infected @entity1 than other subgroups was identified. The cost per case detected was more than twice that during a noncampaign period ( 1,627 vs.  771). CONCLUSION: Partner notification investigations yielded more infected @entity1 than cluster investigations. Further evaluation is needed to determine the role of intense partner notification/cluster investigators' efforts in the control of @entity1065 .

title: Control of XXXX : the results of an intervention campaign using social networks.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1065 :: ('MESH:D013587', 'Disease') :: ['early syphilis', 'epidemic syphilis']

answer: @entity1065 :: (MESH:D013587,Disease) :: ['epidemic early syphilis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Suicide has been rarely studied among @entity454 ( @entity454 ) @entity1 . The purpose of this study is to assess the frequency of suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts among @entity454 @entity1 including the interactions among suicidal behavior, the level of social support, and satisfaction with life. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study group, of medically stable kidney recipients, including 20 @entity1 and 20 @entity1 had a mean 121.81 +/- 72.72-months follow-up for @entity454 . All @entity1 were administered a questionnaire including demographic and clinical characteristics; specific questions about psychiatry consultations, as well as questions about suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts before and after transplantation. @entity1 responses were confirmed by chart reviews; inconsistencies were clarified with the @entity1 . Additionally, all @entity1 completed a validated Turkish version of two self-report scales, @entity2653 ( @entity2653 ) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). RESULTS: In total, psychiatrists assessed 19 @entity454 @entity1 , including all suicidal @entity1 . Eight @entity1 reported "suicidal thoughts-plans," including two attempts. MSPSS results revealed that a history of @entity146 consultation (P <.05) and "suicidal thoughts-plans," (P <.05) significantly correlated with lower MSPSS scores. MSPSS scores were correlated with @entity2653 (P <.05). Of all @entity1 , six reported "suicidal thoughts-plans," including one suicide attempt prior to transplantation. Of six @entity1 , one was married and five were not (P <.05). Among the three @entity1 who reported suicidal thoughts-plans in the posttransplantation period, two, including one attempter, were new cases. CONCLUSIONS: High rates of suicidal thoughts-plans and attempts were found among our @entity454 @entity1 . The probability of suicidal behavior significantly increased among recipients that were single or divorced; whose satisfaction with life was decreased; and who perceived their family, friends, and significant others to be less supportive. More detailed prospective studies on suicide are needed for better care of @entity454 @entity1 .

title: Suicidal behavior, satisfaction with life, and perceived social support in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2653 :: ('MESH:C538175', 'Disease') :: ['Satisfaction with Life Scale', 'SLS']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['end-stage renal disease']


abstract: Among 725 renal transplantations, the most common @entity455 was @entity2791 , which was observed in 23 @entity1 (3.17%). The majority of 20 (6.49%) arterial stenoses appeared in our initial experiences when we routinely used end-to-end renal graft to internal iliac artery anastomoses. A significant reduction in this incidence (0.72%) was achieved by introducing end-to-side anastomoses of the renal graft artery to the external or common iliac arteries. Intractable @entity101 or @entity8 in 14 @entity1 (60.87%) with @entity2791 demanded treatment. Patch angioplasty was more successful than other methods. The limited possibilities of conservative treatment of arterial @entity101 at that time were the main reason for this frequent surgical repair. Among other @entity455 , the most serious were 12 episodes of @entity548 in 10 @entity1 . Five kidneys were lost because of ruptured arterial anastomoses. In 6 @entity1 , the common or external iliac artery was ligated as to achieve hemostasis with acute @entity9085 of the lower extremity in 4 @entity1 . One @entity1 required leg amputation, whereas 2 underwent extra-anatomic bypass procedures and 1 died because of @entity1578 . The majority of @entity455 occurred in the initial period of our transplantation practice. However, in spite of progress in diagnostic and treatment options, @entity455 may cause considerable clinical problems.

title: XXXX after 725 kidney transplantations during 3 decades.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications', 'vascular complication']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['arterial bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['arterial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity9085 :: ('MESH:D014715', 'Disease') :: ['arterial insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['Vascular complications']


abstract: The incidence of @entity5 was estimated in 1055 renal transplant recipients, engrafted between 1983 and 2001 including 611 grafts from living and 444 from cadaveric donors. The meoplasms were 22 @entity1489 , 18 @entity2826 , 10 @entity706 nine non-Hodgkin's and one Hodgkin's lymphoma) and 24 visceral carcinomas. @entity1489 were completely excised. @entity1 with @entity2826 were treated by tapering the immunosuppression with cessation of @entity205 . In addition, four @entity1 received chemotherapy, and one of them received local radiotherapy. All @entity1 with @entity706 were treated by cessation of calcineurin inhibitors with modulation of the immunosuppression to levels that were safe for the graft. Furthermore, five @entity1 underwent first line chemotherapy, two @entity1 radiotherapy and two @entity1 , surgical @entity5 . The @entity1 with @entity5 were treated surgically with excision of the lesions when possible, without severe modification of the immunosuppressive regimen. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy was added accordingly. Disease-related mortality rate in @entity1 with @entity1489 was 4.5%; in @entity2826 cases 11.11%; in @entity706 50%; and in all the other instances, 45.8%. This study shows the increased incidence of certain @entity5 in transplant recipients, illustrating the importance of @entity5 surveillance following kidney transplantation. A substantial reduction or even cessation of immunosuppressive therapy may be necessary to achieve @entity1 survival.

title: Study of "de novo" XXXX among greek renal transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcomas", "Kaposi's Sarcoma", 'Kaposi sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['visceral tumors', 'removal of the tumor', 'cancer', 'malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['Skin cancers', 'skin cancer', 'skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies on kidney transplantation have thus far mainly dealt with surgical techniques, immunology, and transplant tolerance. Disturbed mineral metabolism after renal denervation has not received much attention. Basic physiological research in short-term experiments has shown that experimental renal denervation in @entity35 leads to parathormone ( @entity4727 )-independent @entity14104 ( @entity14104 ). @entity14104 and other metabolic complications also have been described after clinical kidney transplantation. Furthermore, there is an unexpected increase in the risk of @entity174 . However, these studies have examined an organism pre-damaged with regard to the parathyroid and immunosuppression. Experimental investigations in syngeneic @entity35 were performed to see whether @entity14104 also occurs after transplantation and thus after denervation and which target organs are involved. METHODS: Thirty-six male Lewis @entity35 subjected to laparotomy (n = 12), unilateral nephrectomy (n = 12), or unilateral transplantation and bilateral nephrectomy (n = 12) were observed for 18 weeks. RESULTS: Animals that underwent transplantation had a significant loss of @entity1391 in the urine not associated with decreased @entity460 , @entity1391 , or @entity1760 in bone. Stability test showed no deterioration, despite a slight increase in the bone parameters of alkaline phosphatase, @entity1919 , and @entity720 with unchanged calciotropic hormones. @entity11604 was not observed. Parallel to @entity14104 , there was a compensatory reduction in fecal @entity1391 excretion. CONCLUSIONS: The loss of @entity1391 after clinical kidney transplantation in the predamaged parathyroid hormone control system as well as immunosuppression and a surprising increase in the incidence of @entity174 may be explained by the denervation-related loss of @entity1391 . The lack of intestinal counter-regulation could be an important pathomechanism.

title: XXXX after kidney transplantation in syngeneic @entity35 : effects on @entity11604 and bone metabolism?

entities_list: @entity14104 :: ('MESH:D007015', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphosphaturia', 'HPU']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['bone fractures', 'bone fracture']

entities_list: @entity11604 :: ('MESH:D009397', 'Disease') :: ['Nephrocalcinosis']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity720 :: ('CHEBI:18095', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyproline']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity14104 :: (MESH:D007015,Disease) :: ['Hyperphosphaturia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies on kidney transplantation have thus far mainly dealt with surgical techniques, immunology, and transplant tolerance. Disturbed mineral metabolism after renal denervation has not received much attention. Basic physiological research in short-term experiments has shown that experimental renal denervation in @entity35 leads to parathormone ( @entity4727 )-independent @entity14104 ( @entity14104 ). @entity14104 and other metabolic complications also have been described after clinical kidney transplantation. Furthermore, there is an unexpected increase in the risk of @entity174 . However, these studies have examined an organism pre-damaged with regard to the parathyroid and immunosuppression. Experimental investigations in syngeneic @entity35 were performed to see whether @entity14104 also occurs after transplantation and thus after denervation and which target organs are involved. METHODS: Thirty-six male Lewis @entity35 subjected to laparotomy (n = 12), unilateral nephrectomy (n = 12), or unilateral transplantation and bilateral nephrectomy (n = 12) were observed for 18 weeks. RESULTS: Animals that underwent transplantation had a significant loss of @entity1391 in the urine not associated with decreased @entity460 , @entity1391 , or @entity1760 in bone. Stability test showed no deterioration, despite a slight increase in the bone parameters of alkaline phosphatase, @entity1919 , and @entity720 with unchanged calciotropic hormones. @entity11604 was not observed. Parallel to @entity14104 , there was a compensatory reduction in fecal @entity1391 excretion. CONCLUSIONS: The loss of @entity1391 after clinical kidney transplantation in the predamaged parathyroid hormone control system as well as immunosuppression and a surprising increase in the incidence of @entity174 may be explained by the denervation-related loss of @entity1391 . The lack of intestinal counter-regulation could be an important pathomechanism.

title: @entity14104 after kidney transplantation in syngeneic @entity35 : effects on XXXX and bone metabolism?

answer: @entity11604 :: (MESH:D009397,Disease) :: ['nephrocalcinosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies on kidney transplantation have thus far mainly dealt with surgical techniques, immunology, and transplant tolerance. Disturbed mineral metabolism after renal denervation has not received much attention. Basic physiological research in short-term experiments has shown that experimental renal denervation in @entity35 leads to parathormone ( @entity4727 )-independent @entity14104 ( @entity14104 ). @entity14104 and other metabolic complications also have been described after clinical kidney transplantation. Furthermore, there is an unexpected increase in the risk of @entity174 . However, these studies have examined an organism pre-damaged with regard to the parathyroid and immunosuppression. Experimental investigations in syngeneic @entity35 were performed to see whether @entity14104 also occurs after transplantation and thus after denervation and which target organs are involved. METHODS: Thirty-six male Lewis @entity35 subjected to laparotomy (n = 12), unilateral nephrectomy (n = 12), or unilateral transplantation and bilateral nephrectomy (n = 12) were observed for 18 weeks. RESULTS: Animals that underwent transplantation had a significant loss of @entity1391 in the urine not associated with decreased @entity460 , @entity1391 , or @entity1760 in bone. Stability test showed no deterioration, despite a slight increase in the bone parameters of alkaline phosphatase, @entity1919 , and @entity720 with unchanged calciotropic hormones. @entity11604 was not observed. Parallel to @entity14104 , there was a compensatory reduction in fecal @entity1391 excretion. CONCLUSIONS: The loss of @entity1391 after clinical kidney transplantation in the predamaged parathyroid hormone control system as well as immunosuppression and a surprising increase in the incidence of @entity174 may be explained by the denervation-related loss of @entity1391 . The lack of intestinal counter-regulation could be an important pathomechanism.

title: @entity14104 after kidney transplantation in syngeneic XXXX : effects on @entity11604 and bone metabolism?

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Korea has industrialized since the 1970s. @entity3673 in coal miners was the most common @entity3675 in the 1970s to 1980s. With the industrialization, the use of many chemicals have increased since the 1970s. As a consequence, there were outbreaks of @entity3675 caused by poisonous chemicals, such as @entity72892 , solvent poisoning and @entity7446 in the late 1980s and early 1990s with civil movement for democracy. Many actions have been taken for prevention by the government, employers and employees or unions. In the 1990s most chemical related diseases and @entity3673 have rapidly decreased due to improving work environment. In the late 1990s, @entity65 related to job stress or work overloads have abruptly increased especially after the economic crisis in 1998. After the year 2000, @entity85 became a major problem especially in assembly lines in the manufacturing industry and they were expanded to the service industry. @entity1032 related to job stress have increased. @entity166 increased in health care workers and afforestation workers. Occupational @entity5 are increasing because of their long latency, although the use of carcinogenic substances are reduced, limited, and even banned.

title: XXXX in Korea.

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['Mental diseases']

entities_list: @entity3675 :: ('MESH:D009784', 'Disease') :: ['occupational diseases', 'occupational disease']

entities_list: @entity3673 :: ('MESH:D011009', 'Disease') :: ['Pneumoconiosis', 'pneumoconiosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal disorders']

entities_list: @entity7446 :: ('MESH:D059366', 'Disease') :: ['occupational asthma']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cerebro-cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity72892 :: ('MESH:C535854', 'Disease') :: ['heavy metal poisoning']

answer: @entity3675 :: (MESH:D009784,Disease) :: ['Occupational diseases']


abstract: @entity4162 (ALCAR) plays an integral role in the transport of long chain @entity1718 across the inner mitochondrial membrane for oxidative phosphorylation. In non- @entity1 primates, administration of ALCAR was reported to prevent @entity5212 ( @entity5212 )-induced @entity16 to the substantia nigra. The present study investigates the effects of ALCAR against the @entity137 of @entity9013 ( @entity9016 ), the neurotoxic metabolite of @entity5212 , in @entity19 brain @entity521 cells. @entity9016 , a potent mitochondrial toxin, induced a dose-dependent reduction in mitochondrial @entity26 consumption and cell viability, corresponding to an accelerated rate of cellular @entity413 utilization. Treatment with ALCAR, but not @entity6211 , prevented @entity9016 @entity137 and partially restored intracellular @entity855 concentrations, but did not reverse the @entity9016 -induced loss of mitochondrial @entity26 consumption. These data indicate that protective effects are independent of oxidative phosphorylation. ALCAR had a substantial @entity413 sparing effect in both controls and @entity9016 -treated groups, demonstrating a potential role in enhancing @entity413 utilization through glycolysis. Antagonizing the entry of @entity1718 into the mitochondria, with either insulin or @entity1285 , did not interfere with ALCAR protection against @entity9016 . On the contrary, insulin potentiated the protective effects of ALCAR. In conclusion, these data indicate that ALCAR protects against @entity9016 @entity137 , independent of mitochondrial oxidative capacity or beta-oxidation of @entity1718 . In contrast, the protective effects of ALCAR appear to involve potentiation of energy derived from @entity413 through anaerobic glycolysis.

title: @entity4162 cytoprotection against @entity9013 XXXX in @entity521 cells.

entities_list: @entity5212 :: ('MESH:D015632', 'Chemical') :: ['MPTP', '1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity6211 :: ('MESH:D002331', 'Chemical') :: ['L-carnitine']

entities_list: @entity1285 :: ('MESH:D008316', 'Chemical') :: ['malonyl CoA']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological injury']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4162 :: ('MESH:D000108', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetyl-L-carnitine']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity9013 :: ('MESH:D015655', 'Chemical') :: ['1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: @entity4162 (ALCAR) plays an integral role in the transport of long chain @entity1718 across the inner mitochondrial membrane for oxidative phosphorylation. In non- @entity1 primates, administration of ALCAR was reported to prevent @entity5212 ( @entity5212 )-induced @entity16 to the substantia nigra. The present study investigates the effects of ALCAR against the @entity137 of @entity9013 ( @entity9016 ), the neurotoxic metabolite of @entity5212 , in @entity19 brain @entity521 cells. @entity9016 , a potent mitochondrial toxin, induced a dose-dependent reduction in mitochondrial @entity26 consumption and cell viability, corresponding to an accelerated rate of cellular @entity413 utilization. Treatment with ALCAR, but not @entity6211 , prevented @entity9016 @entity137 and partially restored intracellular @entity855 concentrations, but did not reverse the @entity9016 -induced loss of mitochondrial @entity26 consumption. These data indicate that protective effects are independent of oxidative phosphorylation. ALCAR had a substantial @entity413 sparing effect in both controls and @entity9016 -treated groups, demonstrating a potential role in enhancing @entity413 utilization through glycolysis. Antagonizing the entry of @entity1718 into the mitochondria, with either insulin or @entity1285 , did not interfere with ALCAR protection against @entity9016 . On the contrary, insulin potentiated the protective effects of ALCAR. In conclusion, these data indicate that ALCAR protects against @entity9016 @entity137 , independent of mitochondrial oxidative capacity or beta-oxidation of @entity1718 . In contrast, the protective effects of ALCAR appear to involve potentiation of energy derived from @entity413 through anaerobic glycolysis.

title: @entity4162 cytoprotection against @entity9013 @entity137 in XXXX cells.

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: @entity4162 (ALCAR) plays an integral role in the transport of long chain @entity1718 across the inner mitochondrial membrane for oxidative phosphorylation. In non- @entity1 primates, administration of ALCAR was reported to prevent @entity5212 ( @entity5212 )-induced @entity16 to the substantia nigra. The present study investigates the effects of ALCAR against the @entity137 of @entity9013 ( @entity9016 ), the neurotoxic metabolite of @entity5212 , in @entity19 brain @entity521 cells. @entity9016 , a potent mitochondrial toxin, induced a dose-dependent reduction in mitochondrial @entity26 consumption and cell viability, corresponding to an accelerated rate of cellular @entity413 utilization. Treatment with ALCAR, but not @entity6211 , prevented @entity9016 @entity137 and partially restored intracellular @entity855 concentrations, but did not reverse the @entity9016 -induced loss of mitochondrial @entity26 consumption. These data indicate that protective effects are independent of oxidative phosphorylation. ALCAR had a substantial @entity413 sparing effect in both controls and @entity9016 -treated groups, demonstrating a potential role in enhancing @entity413 utilization through glycolysis. Antagonizing the entry of @entity1718 into the mitochondria, with either insulin or @entity1285 , did not interfere with ALCAR protection against @entity9016 . On the contrary, insulin potentiated the protective effects of ALCAR. In conclusion, these data indicate that ALCAR protects against @entity9016 @entity137 , independent of mitochondrial oxidative capacity or beta-oxidation of @entity1718 . In contrast, the protective effects of ALCAR appear to involve potentiation of energy derived from @entity413 through anaerobic glycolysis.

title: XXXX cytoprotection against @entity9013 @entity137 in @entity521 cells.

answer: @entity4162 :: (MESH:D000108,Chemical) :: ['Acetyl-L-carnitine']


abstract: @entity4162 (ALCAR) plays an integral role in the transport of long chain @entity1718 across the inner mitochondrial membrane for oxidative phosphorylation. In non- @entity1 primates, administration of ALCAR was reported to prevent @entity5212 ( @entity5212 )-induced @entity16 to the substantia nigra. The present study investigates the effects of ALCAR against the @entity137 of @entity9013 ( @entity9016 ), the neurotoxic metabolite of @entity5212 , in @entity19 brain @entity521 cells. @entity9016 , a potent mitochondrial toxin, induced a dose-dependent reduction in mitochondrial @entity26 consumption and cell viability, corresponding to an accelerated rate of cellular @entity413 utilization. Treatment with ALCAR, but not @entity6211 , prevented @entity9016 @entity137 and partially restored intracellular @entity855 concentrations, but did not reverse the @entity9016 -induced loss of mitochondrial @entity26 consumption. These data indicate that protective effects are independent of oxidative phosphorylation. ALCAR had a substantial @entity413 sparing effect in both controls and @entity9016 -treated groups, demonstrating a potential role in enhancing @entity413 utilization through glycolysis. Antagonizing the entry of @entity1718 into the mitochondria, with either insulin or @entity1285 , did not interfere with ALCAR protection against @entity9016 . On the contrary, insulin potentiated the protective effects of ALCAR. In conclusion, these data indicate that ALCAR protects against @entity9016 @entity137 , independent of mitochondrial oxidative capacity or beta-oxidation of @entity1718 . In contrast, the protective effects of ALCAR appear to involve potentiation of energy derived from @entity413 through anaerobic glycolysis.

title: @entity4162 cytoprotection against XXXX @entity137 in @entity521 cells.

answer: @entity9013 :: (MESH:D015655,Chemical) :: ['1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to review the existing studies on @entity5 in Korea, estimate the prevalence of workers exposed to carcinogens, and determine the population attributable fraction (PAF) of @entity1778 . Two case series and 4 case reports were reviewed. Using official statistics, the prevalence of @entity7935 exposure and ionizing radiation exposure was estimated. Based on the prevalence of exposure and the relative risk, The PAF of @entity1778 was calculated. Between 1996 and 2005, 51 cases of LHP @entity5 were reported from the compensation system. Greater than 50% of occupational LHP @entity5 was @entity1778 , and the most important cause was @entity7935 . In a cohort study, the standardized incidence ratio was 2.71 (95% CI, 0.56-7.91). The prevalence of exposure was 2.5% and 2.2% in 1995 and 2000, respectively. Using the 1995 prevalence, 3.6-4.8% and 0.1% of cases with @entity1778 were attributable to @entity7935 and ionizing radiation exposure, respectively, which resulted in 39.7-51.4 cases per year. @entity7935 is the most important cause of @entity1778 in Korea. Considering the estimated PAF in this study, the annual number of occupational LHP @entity5 (51 cases during 10-yr period), might be underreported within the compensation system.

title: Occupational XXXX in Korea.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['lymphohematopoietic (LHP) cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity7935 :: ('MESH:D001554', 'Chemical') :: ['benzene', 'Benzene']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['occupational leukemia', 'leukemia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['lymphohematopoietic cancer']


abstract: @entity1084 is commonly associated with @entity5 and @entity10189 . However, when no @entity5 is seen and the @entity1 is non-responsive to conventional peptic ulcer treatment, other etiologies need to be explored. We report a case of @entity1084 due to duodenal @entity378 . The @entity1 is a 31 year old male who presented with 1 year history of recurrent @entity158 and an @entity391 . Endoscopy revealed @entity850 . Computed tomography scan showed pyloroantral thickening. The @entity1 was referred to the surgery service and underwent an exploratory laparotomy and gastrojejunostomy. A duodenal mass and @entity1600 were noted on exploration and biopsy revealed a tuberculous origin. The @entity1 was started on anti- @entity378 medications and had improved on discharge. @entity378 is rare and pyloric stenosis resulting from @entity378 is even rarer. This, however, should be considered in @entity1 who come from areas where the disease is endemic.

title: @entity378 presenting as XXXX : A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal stricture']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['acute episode of vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['calcified lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity1084 :: ('MESH:D017219', 'Disease') :: ['Gastric outlet obstruction', 'gastric outlet obstruction']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Gastroduodenal tuberculosis', 'tuberculosis']

answer: @entity1084 :: (MESH:D017219,Disease) :: ['gastric outlet obstruction']


abstract: @entity1084 is commonly associated with @entity5 and @entity10189 . However, when no @entity5 is seen and the @entity1 is non-responsive to conventional peptic ulcer treatment, other etiologies need to be explored. We report a case of @entity1084 due to duodenal @entity378 . The @entity1 is a 31 year old male who presented with 1 year history of recurrent @entity158 and an @entity391 . Endoscopy revealed @entity850 . Computed tomography scan showed pyloroantral thickening. The @entity1 was referred to the surgery service and underwent an exploratory laparotomy and gastrojejunostomy. A duodenal mass and @entity1600 were noted on exploration and biopsy revealed a tuberculous origin. The @entity1 was started on anti- @entity378 medications and had improved on discharge. @entity378 is rare and pyloric stenosis resulting from @entity378 is even rarer. This, however, should be considered in @entity1 who come from areas where the disease is endemic.

title: XXXX presenting as @entity1084 : A case report.

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['Duodenal tuberculosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results between early and delayed operative treatment in @entity1 with @entity130 @entity717 ( @entity717 ). METHODS: Thirty-five @entity1 with a @entity130 @entity717 who have been treated surgically during a 4-year period were included in the study. The results of early versus delayed repair of @entity130 rotator @entity717 were assessed using the Constant and UCLA scores. In addition, all @entity1 underwent a postoperative MRI to evaluate repair integrity. Early repair (within 3  weeks) was performed in 15 @entity1 (group I) and delayed repair (after 3  weeks) in the rest 20 @entity1 (group II). The time interval between injury and operation was 12 and 131  days on average for group I and II, respectively. RESULTS: Follow-up time was 34 and 38  months for group I and II, respectively. Postoperatively, the UCLA score was 31 and 26 (P  <  0.05) for group I and II, respectively. The Constant score was 82 and 70 (P  <  0.05) for group I and II, respectively. Range of motion was significantly better in group I. According to MRI, 5 @entity1 (33%) in the group I and 7 @entity1 (35%) in the group II had a retear. CONCLUSIONS: Early repair of a @entity130 @entity717 provides better results in terms of shoulder function in comparison with a delayed repair. A delayed diagnosis of a @entity130 @entity717 leads to difficulties in surgery and less good results. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic, retrospective, comparative study.

title: A comparison of early versus delayed repair of XXXX @entity717 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['rotator cuff tears', 'RCT']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['traumatic']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results between early and delayed operative treatment in @entity1 with @entity130 @entity717 ( @entity717 ). METHODS: Thirty-five @entity1 with a @entity130 @entity717 who have been treated surgically during a 4-year period were included in the study. The results of early versus delayed repair of @entity130 rotator @entity717 were assessed using the Constant and UCLA scores. In addition, all @entity1 underwent a postoperative MRI to evaluate repair integrity. Early repair (within 3  weeks) was performed in 15 @entity1 (group I) and delayed repair (after 3  weeks) in the rest 20 @entity1 (group II). The time interval between injury and operation was 12 and 131  days on average for group I and II, respectively. RESULTS: Follow-up time was 34 and 38  months for group I and II, respectively. Postoperatively, the UCLA score was 31 and 26 (P  <  0.05) for group I and II, respectively. The Constant score was 82 and 70 (P  <  0.05) for group I and II, respectively. Range of motion was significantly better in group I. According to MRI, 5 @entity1 (33%) in the group I and 7 @entity1 (35%) in the group II had a retear. CONCLUSIONS: Early repair of a @entity130 @entity717 provides better results in terms of shoulder function in comparison with a delayed repair. A delayed diagnosis of a @entity130 @entity717 leads to difficulties in surgery and less good results. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic, retrospective, comparative study.

title: A comparison of early versus delayed repair of @entity130 XXXX .

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['rotator cuff tears']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The angiogenic factors @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity7309 ( @entity7500 ) play a central role in the process of angiogenesis. We evaluated the association of free @entity7500 and free @entity7 levels and the risk of @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ) among Tunisian Arab @entity1 , and established the range of @entity7 and @entity7500 in normal healthy pregnancies, between 24 and 42weeks of gestation. This retrospective case-control study included 345 @entity1 with @entity1468 , and 289 @entity1 with uncomplicated pregnancies. @entity7500 and @entity7 plasma levels were quantitated by commercially-available ELISA. Compared to control @entity1 , plasma @entity7500 concentrations were lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 at all gestation age intervals (P<0.0001), compared to @entity7 levels which were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 but only during early gestation age intervals ([29-32[ and [32-35[). High odds for developing @entity1468 , and correspondingly higher associations, were associated with low @entity7500 values (less than the 5(th) percentile), at all gestation age intervals. The only exception was recorded for the [29-32 [interval, which was not statistically significant. @entity7500 testing, recorded at 29-37weeks of gestation, had a higher specificity (93-100%) than sensitivity, and the positive predictive values ranged from 90% to 100% for 24-37weeks of gestation. This indicates that it mainly detects non- @entity1468 healthy @entity1 as well, and thus may be useful as a screening test, though currently unreliable for diagnostic purposes. Reduced @entity7500 levels during different gestation age intervals, and reduced @entity7 levels during early gestation age intervals are also associated with subsequent development of @entity1468 in our population; the gestational age interval adjusted-5(th) percentiles of @entity7500 provide reference ranges for this marker in normal pregnancy.

title: @entity7309 and XXXX serum levels in Tunisian Arab @entity1 with suspected @entity1468 .

entities_list: @entity7309 :: ('5228', 'Gene') :: ['placental growth factor']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia', 'PE']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The angiogenic factors @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity7309 ( @entity7500 ) play a central role in the process of angiogenesis. We evaluated the association of free @entity7500 and free @entity7 levels and the risk of @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ) among Tunisian Arab @entity1 , and established the range of @entity7 and @entity7500 in normal healthy pregnancies, between 24 and 42weeks of gestation. This retrospective case-control study included 345 @entity1 with @entity1468 , and 289 @entity1 with uncomplicated pregnancies. @entity7500 and @entity7 plasma levels were quantitated by commercially-available ELISA. Compared to control @entity1 , plasma @entity7500 concentrations were lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 at all gestation age intervals (P<0.0001), compared to @entity7 levels which were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 but only during early gestation age intervals ([29-32[ and [32-35[). High odds for developing @entity1468 , and correspondingly higher associations, were associated with low @entity7500 values (less than the 5(th) percentile), at all gestation age intervals. The only exception was recorded for the [29-32 [interval, which was not statistically significant. @entity7500 testing, recorded at 29-37weeks of gestation, had a higher specificity (93-100%) than sensitivity, and the positive predictive values ranged from 90% to 100% for 24-37weeks of gestation. This indicates that it mainly detects non- @entity1468 healthy @entity1 as well, and thus may be useful as a screening test, though currently unreliable for diagnostic purposes. Reduced @entity7500 levels during different gestation age intervals, and reduced @entity7 levels during early gestation age intervals are also associated with subsequent development of @entity1468 in our population; the gestational age interval adjusted-5(th) percentiles of @entity7500 provide reference ranges for this marker in normal pregnancy.

title: @entity7309 and @entity7 serum levels in Tunisian Arab @entity1 with suspected XXXX .

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The angiogenic factors @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity7309 ( @entity7500 ) play a central role in the process of angiogenesis. We evaluated the association of free @entity7500 and free @entity7 levels and the risk of @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ) among Tunisian Arab @entity1 , and established the range of @entity7 and @entity7500 in normal healthy pregnancies, between 24 and 42weeks of gestation. This retrospective case-control study included 345 @entity1 with @entity1468 , and 289 @entity1 with uncomplicated pregnancies. @entity7500 and @entity7 plasma levels were quantitated by commercially-available ELISA. Compared to control @entity1 , plasma @entity7500 concentrations were lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 at all gestation age intervals (P<0.0001), compared to @entity7 levels which were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 but only during early gestation age intervals ([29-32[ and [32-35[). High odds for developing @entity1468 , and correspondingly higher associations, were associated with low @entity7500 values (less than the 5(th) percentile), at all gestation age intervals. The only exception was recorded for the [29-32 [interval, which was not statistically significant. @entity7500 testing, recorded at 29-37weeks of gestation, had a higher specificity (93-100%) than sensitivity, and the positive predictive values ranged from 90% to 100% for 24-37weeks of gestation. This indicates that it mainly detects non- @entity1468 healthy @entity1 as well, and thus may be useful as a screening test, though currently unreliable for diagnostic purposes. Reduced @entity7500 levels during different gestation age intervals, and reduced @entity7 levels during early gestation age intervals are also associated with subsequent development of @entity1468 in our population; the gestational age interval adjusted-5(th) percentiles of @entity7500 provide reference ranges for this marker in normal pregnancy.

title: XXXX and @entity7 serum levels in Tunisian Arab @entity1 with suspected @entity1468 .

answer: @entity7309 :: (5228,Gene) :: ['Placental growth factor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The angiogenic factors @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity7309 ( @entity7500 ) play a central role in the process of angiogenesis. We evaluated the association of free @entity7500 and free @entity7 levels and the risk of @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ) among Tunisian Arab @entity1 , and established the range of @entity7 and @entity7500 in normal healthy pregnancies, between 24 and 42weeks of gestation. This retrospective case-control study included 345 @entity1 with @entity1468 , and 289 @entity1 with uncomplicated pregnancies. @entity7500 and @entity7 plasma levels were quantitated by commercially-available ELISA. Compared to control @entity1 , plasma @entity7500 concentrations were lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 at all gestation age intervals (P<0.0001), compared to @entity7 levels which were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 but only during early gestation age intervals ([29-32[ and [32-35[). High odds for developing @entity1468 , and correspondingly higher associations, were associated with low @entity7500 values (less than the 5(th) percentile), at all gestation age intervals. The only exception was recorded for the [29-32 [interval, which was not statistically significant. @entity7500 testing, recorded at 29-37weeks of gestation, had a higher specificity (93-100%) than sensitivity, and the positive predictive values ranged from 90% to 100% for 24-37weeks of gestation. This indicates that it mainly detects non- @entity1468 healthy @entity1 as well, and thus may be useful as a screening test, though currently unreliable for diagnostic purposes. Reduced @entity7500 levels during different gestation age intervals, and reduced @entity7 levels during early gestation age intervals are also associated with subsequent development of @entity1468 in our population; the gestational age interval adjusted-5(th) percentiles of @entity7500 provide reference ranges for this marker in normal pregnancy.

title: @entity7309 and @entity7 serum levels in Tunisian Arab XXXX with suspected @entity1468 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity177 are still a common occurrence, especially in areas of poor bone quality. The purpose of this study was to observe whether the application of a growth factor, recombinant @entity1 @entity2533 (rhTGF-beta1), would improve the healing of bone adjacent to @entity702 dental implants. Four adult male Yucatan minipigs had four @entity702 dental implants placed into the inferior border of each hemimandible. On the control side, the implants were placed in standard fashion. On the experimental side, rhTGF-beta1 within a carrier gel was placed into the recipient site before implant placement. After a 6-week healing period, two implants from each side were evaluated by pull-out testing and histomorphometric analysis. The mean pull-out force for experimental implants was 1,124.01 N and 818.12 N (P = 0.5015) for controls. The mean percentage of bone between adjacent threads on the implant surface was 49.74% for the experimental group and 36.50% for controls (P = 0.0783). The mean percentage of bone-implant surface contact was 41.86% for the experimental implant sites and 24.60% for the control implant sites (P = 0.0452). The application of rhTGF-beta1 to implant sites appears to increase the amount of bone healing adjacent to a @entity702 dental implants in minipig mandibles at the 6-week period. Further studies are required to quantify better the amount of growth factor required and to study its effects over a broader period of time to see whether these differences are maintained.

title: Recombinant @entity1 XXXX and its effects on osseointegration.

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Dental implant failures']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor beta-1']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity2533 :: (7040,Gene) :: ['transforming growth factor beta-1']


abstract: @entity177 are still a common occurrence, especially in areas of poor bone quality. The purpose of this study was to observe whether the application of a growth factor, recombinant @entity1 @entity2533 (rhTGF-beta1), would improve the healing of bone adjacent to @entity702 dental implants. Four adult male Yucatan minipigs had four @entity702 dental implants placed into the inferior border of each hemimandible. On the control side, the implants were placed in standard fashion. On the experimental side, rhTGF-beta1 within a carrier gel was placed into the recipient site before implant placement. After a 6-week healing period, two implants from each side were evaluated by pull-out testing and histomorphometric analysis. The mean pull-out force for experimental implants was 1,124.01 N and 818.12 N (P = 0.5015) for controls. The mean percentage of bone between adjacent threads on the implant surface was 49.74% for the experimental group and 36.50% for controls (P = 0.0783). The mean percentage of bone-implant surface contact was 41.86% for the experimental implant sites and 24.60% for the control implant sites (P = 0.0452). The application of rhTGF-beta1 to implant sites appears to increase the amount of bone healing adjacent to a @entity702 dental implants in minipig mandibles at the 6-week period. Further studies are required to quantify better the amount of growth factor required and to study its effects over a broader period of time to see whether these differences are maintained.

title: Recombinant XXXX @entity2533 and its effects on osseointegration.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity453 is described by its extreme presentations. At one end we see the slowly growing @entity82 gradually occluding the artery. Collaterals develop and confine the loss of myocardium to the inner layer of the left ventricle. At the other end of the spectrum we see the rupture of a soft plaque. Blood breaking in an @entity1856 occludes a coronary artery suddenly. There is no time to develop collaterals. The @entity583 corresponds in its size to the perfusion-area of the occluded artery. Transmural @entity1188 lead to rupture of the free wall, ventricular septum or papillary muscle. The coronary morphology of our @entity1 suffering from @entity301 lies between these two extremes. However, many @entity1 die suddenly due to @entity943 a long time before the loss of myocardium disturbs left ventricular pump function so severely that lethal @entity712 may develop.

title: [Anatomic-pathological bases of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous plaque']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: We report our experience of managing eight babies who presented with neonatal @entity1321 and whose rectal biopsies showed severely immature ganglion cells. METHODS: Neonatal unit records were reviewed to detect @entity1 with suspected @entity1963 or functional @entity1321 . Those with @entity8593 , @entity2463 , @entity1518 , cystic @entity82 and @entity3465 were excluded. RESULTS: We identified 73 @entity1 born at term. Twenty-seven did not need a rectal biopsy. Twenty-one had biopsy proven @entity1963 , while 17 had a normal rectal biopsy. Eight @entity1 , all of whom presented with severe @entity1661 , showed immature ganglion cells. Seven had failed to pass meconium after birth. X-rays in all @entity1 showed distended loops of bowel. Two neonates underwent an emergency laparotomy and a stoma. A repeat biopsy at 3 months showed maturation of ganglion cells and the stoma was reversed. Rectal biopsy was repeated in two other @entity1 2-9 months after the first biopsy and showed mature ganglion cells. At follow-up, one @entity1 still suffers from severe @entity1142 . Seven are asymptomatic now, including the two @entity1 who needed a stoma. CONCLUSION: Immature ganglion cells on rectal biopsy may be an indicator of transient functional immaturity of the intestine.

title: Neonatal functional XXXX and the presence of severely immature ganglion cells on rectal biopsy: 6 year experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['prematurity']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distension']

entities_list: @entity1963 :: ('MESH:D006627', 'Disease') :: ["Hirschsprung's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2463 :: ('MESH:C537771', 'Disease') :: ['anorectal malformation']

entities_list: @entity1518 :: ('MESH:C562835', 'Disease') :: ['malrotation']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity8593 :: ('MESH:D007409', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal atresia']

answer: @entity1321 :: (MESH:D007415,Disease) :: ['intestinal obstruction']


abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between VO(2) and RPE at the @entity880 threshold (LT) and maximal fat oxidation rate (FAT(MAX)) in untrained adults and determine the stability of the relationship across sex, age, and @entity410 status. A total of 148 untrained adults (mean age [year] = 30.5    13.9, height [m] = 1.72    0.08 m, body mass [kg] = 82.6    20.5, body fat [%] = 28.7    12.0) completed a continuous incremental VO(2) peak/LT protocol. Fat oxidation rates were determined using indirect calorimetry. The highest recorded fat oxidation rate was chosen as FAT(MAX). The breakpoint in the VO(2)-blood @entity880 relationship was chosen as LT. RPE was based on the Borg 6-20 scale. Bland-Altman plot analysis demonstrated that @entity4962 FAT(MAX) systematically preceded @entity4962 LT (mean bias = 1.3 ml kg(-1) min(-1)) with wide limits of agreement (+9.6 to -6.9 ml kg(-1) min(-1)). Multivariate ANOVA revealed a significant difference between @entity4962 FAT(MAX) (12.7    7.5 ml kg(-1) min(-1)) and VO(2) LT (14.1    5.9 ml kg(-1) min(-1)) in the total sample (p = 0.04). There were no differences between the intensities when the sample was divided into sex, age, and @entity410 comparison groups (p values >0.05). RPE FAT(MAX) (9.4    2.5) preceded RPE LT (10.4    2.0) in the total sample (p = 0.008), but was not different across comparison groups (p > 0.05). The present data indicate that the highest rate of fat oxidation slightly precedes the LT in untrained adults. For exercise prescription, a Borg-RPE of 9-12 identifies both FAT(MAX) and LT.

title: Oxygen uptake and ratings of perceived exertion at the XXXX threshold and maximal fat oxidation rate in untrained adults.

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactate']


abstract: An @entity64 related to @entity6583 observed in the Paris neighbourhood is reported. A 32-year-old @entity1 originating from Cape Verde presented a left @entity64 . CT scan showed multiple areas of calcifications and a left capsulostriatal lucency. @entity2287 enhanced MRI disclosed significant abnormalities surrounding the left middle cerebral artery in the sylvian fissure. The titers of anticysticercian antibodies were highly positive in the serum and the @entity2841 . The investigations in search of another cause of the @entity64 were negative. The outcome was good after a treatment associating @entity3753 and @entity1667 . The increasingly recognized links between @entity6583 and @entity64 , especially in endemic areas are reviewed. @entity6583 is an exceptional cause of @entity64 in non endemic areas. In non-endemic areas, this cause of @entity64 has to be systematically suspected in @entity1 coming from endemic areas. The diagnosis is based upon MRI, CT scanner and serologic tests. Treatment requires anti-parasitic drugs. The role of the @entity288 is discussed.

title: [Cerebral infarction disclosing XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity3753 :: ('MESH:D015766', 'Chemical') :: ['albendazole']

entities_list: @entity6583 :: ('MESH:D020019', 'Disease') :: ['neurocysticercosis', 'Neurocysticercosis']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['lacunar stroke', 'ischaemic stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['Gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity6583 :: (MESH:D020019,Disease) :: ['neurocysticercosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Collection of a blood sample from the correct @entity1 is the first step in the process of safe transfusion. The aim of this international collaborative study was to assess the frequency of mislabelled and miscollected samples drawn for blood grouping. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hospitals in 10 countries provided data on sample error rates during a period of at least 3 months, including the last quarter of 2001. Mislabelled samples were defined as those not meeting local criteria for acceptance by the laboratory. Miscollected samples [ @entity1503 ( @entity1503 )] were defined as samples in which the blood group result differed from the result on file from prior testing. @entity1503 rates were corrected for the proportion of repeat samples and for undetectable errors occurring as a result of chance collection of blood from the wrong @entity1 with the same ABO group. @entity1 also completed a questionnaire on current policies regarding sample collection. RESULTS: A total of 71 hospitals completed surveys describing policies related to sample collection. Sixty-two hospitals provided usable data on the frequency of mislabelled and miscollected samples. Mislabelled and miscollected samples were common. Based on results from over 690,000 samples, the median hospital performance resulted in a rate for mislabelling of 1 in every 165 samples (6.1 per 1000; interquartile range 1.2-17 per 1000). The presence of national @entity1 identification systems in Sweden and Finland was associated with rates of miscollected samples that were too low to estimate. Outside these nations, miscollected samples demonstrating @entity1503 occurred at a median rate of 1 in every 1986 samples (0.5 per 1000; interquartile range <0.3-0.9 per 1000). There was great variation worldwide in the reported frequency of mislabelled samples, probably resulting from variation in policies for sample acceptance. Miscollected samples occurred at a more constant rate. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of mislabelled samples and miscollected samples is 1000-10,000-fold more frequent than the risk of @entity1800 . Rates of mislabelled samples and @entity1503 can be tracked as key indicators of performance of an important step in the clinical transfusion process. @entity1503 episodes represent important 'near-miss' errors. By providing baseline performance data for the collection of @entity1 blood samples, this study may be useful in formulating future national standards of performance for sample collection from @entity1 .

title: An international study of the performance of sample collection from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['wrong-blood-in-tube', 'WBIT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Locally recurrent @entity5 involving the upper sacrum is generally considered a contra-indication to curative surgery. The aim of this study was to determine if a survival benefit was seen in @entity1 undergoing high sacrectomy. METHODS: All @entity1 with locally recurrent @entity5 involving the sacrum above the 3rd sacral body between 1999 and 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 were identified with a median age of 63 years. The proximal extent of sacral resection was through S2 (n   =   6), S1 (n   =   2), and L5-S1 (n   =   1). All @entity1 had R0 negative-margin resection. Median operative time was 13.7   hr, and median operative blood transfusion was 3.7   L. Thirty-day mortality was nil. @entity260 requiring surgical intervention occurred in three @entity1 . Local re-recurrence in the pelvis occurred in one @entity1 . The overall median survival was 31 months (range, 2-39 months). Three @entity1 still alive are free of disease after 40, 76, and 101 months, respectively. Ultimately, all @entity204 were due to @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: High sacrectomy that achieves clear margins in @entity1 with recurrent @entity5 is safe and feasible. A majority will die of @entity3 , but long-term survival may be possible in some @entity1 .

title: High sacrectomy for locally recurrent XXXX : Can long-term survival be achieved?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9608 is rare @entity5 with an incidence of approximately four cases per million per year. There are few large sample, single-center series that focus on the surgical management strategy of @entity9608 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Medical records of @entity1 diagnosed as @entity9608 from 1990 to 2010 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical data were collected and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 328 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity9608 ; 292 of them underwent 320 operations, which included 46 laparoscopic surgeries. @entity5 enucleation was the most common operative procedure. @entity5 were found in 30 cases; 17 cases were @entity3018 . Thirteen @entity1 with @entity5 underwent @entity5 resection. @entity3472 ( @entity3472 ) was the most frequent complication, and the incidence of clinical PFs (Grades B and C) was 14.4%. There was no significant statistical difference between open and laparoscopic surgery in @entity190 , operative time, and complications. @entity5 were noted in 11 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Surgery is the best treatment of choice for @entity9608 @entity1 . Surgical approach depends on @entity5 size, location, and its pathological characters. Laparoscopic management of @entity9608 is feasible and safe for @entity5 located in the body or tail of the pancreas. Open surgery combined with intraoperative ultrasonography is recommended to avoid omission of lesions in @entity1 with @entity9608 . An aggressive surgical approach is indicated for @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Surgical management of @entity1 with XXXX : Result of 292 cases in a single institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3018 :: ('MESH:D009377', 'Disease') :: ['multiple endocrine neoplasia-1 syndrome']

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['Insulinoma', 'insulinoma', 'multiple insulinomas', 'insulinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Metachronous tumors', 'Tumor', 'malignant insulinoma', 'malignant insulinomas', 'Multiple tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic fistula', 'PF']

answer: @entity9608 :: (MESH:D007340,Disease) :: ['insulinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9608 is rare @entity5 with an incidence of approximately four cases per million per year. There are few large sample, single-center series that focus on the surgical management strategy of @entity9608 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Medical records of @entity1 diagnosed as @entity9608 from 1990 to 2010 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical data were collected and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 328 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity9608 ; 292 of them underwent 320 operations, which included 46 laparoscopic surgeries. @entity5 enucleation was the most common operative procedure. @entity5 were found in 30 cases; 17 cases were @entity3018 . Thirteen @entity1 with @entity5 underwent @entity5 resection. @entity3472 ( @entity3472 ) was the most frequent complication, and the incidence of clinical PFs (Grades B and C) was 14.4%. There was no significant statistical difference between open and laparoscopic surgery in @entity190 , operative time, and complications. @entity5 were noted in 11 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Surgery is the best treatment of choice for @entity9608 @entity1 . Surgical approach depends on @entity5 size, location, and its pathological characters. Laparoscopic management of @entity9608 is feasible and safe for @entity5 located in the body or tail of the pancreas. Open surgery combined with intraoperative ultrasonography is recommended to avoid omission of lesions in @entity1 with @entity9608 . An aggressive surgical approach is indicated for @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Surgical management of XXXX with @entity9608 : Result of 292 cases in a single institution.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), originally found to be associated with @entity1333 , have been reported to be present in chronic @entity29 . Most often the ANCA staining pattern is of the perinuclear type (p-ANCA), although nuclear and cytoplasmic stainings are seen. Single studies have shown some of the antibodies to react with lactoferrin or @entity3921 ; however, most studies have not been able to determine a main antigenic specificity. We studied the prevalence of ANCA in sera from 155 @entity1 with @entity31 , 128 @entity1 with @entity30 , and 51 @entity1 with @entity66 . The presence of ANCA was correlated to disease activity, extent, and age of onset of the diseases. Furthermore, we tried to characterize the antigen specificity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using elastase, lactoferrin, @entity3335 , @entity7134 , and @entity3921 as antigens. METHODS: The sera were screened for ANCA by indirect immunofluorescence. Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) were analysed on HEp2 cells, and ELISA for specific ANCA was performed using the antigens mentioned. RESULTS: Most of the sera with positive immunofluorescence had the p-ANCA type of pattern. Seventy-eight of 155 (50.3%) of the @entity1 with @entity31 were ANCA-positive, compared with 31 of 128 (24.2%) of @entity1 with @entity30 (p < 0.001). However, in the subgroup with @entity30 , 16 of 44 (36.4%) were ANCA-positive. Only 4 of 51 @entity1 (7.7%) with @entity66 showed positive immunofluorescence (p < 0.001 compared with @entity31 ). Less than 10% of the samples were positive in the specific ELISA assays; thus other than the most well known granule proteins can be the target for ANCA in @entity31 . CONCLUSION: ANCA occur significantly more often in @entity31 than in @entity30 . However, the prevalence of ANCA is rather high in @entity30 . ANCA are thus of limited value in differentiating @entity30 from @entity31 . ANCA found in @entity29 are different from those associated with @entity1333 . The antigen(s) responsible remain to be determined.

title: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in chronic XXXX . Prevalence and diagnostic role.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac disease']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's colitis", "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity21 ( @entity21 ) causes neurodegenerative processes in brain which can last weeks and months after @entity131 . Aim of this study was to assess structural changes of corpus callosum and corticospinal tracts in dynamics using diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT- @entity7994 ) in severe @entity21 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 14 @entity1 with severe @entity21 (GCS < or = 8 in acute period) were examined using DT- @entity7994 . In 12 cases 1.5 Tesla device was used, in 2-3 Tesla tomography was applied. Initial studies were performed on 3rd-17th days after injury and control studies were done between 3 weeks and 33 months after injury. Outcomes were assessed using GOS 6 months after injury and later. RESULTS: MR-tractography demonstrated almost absolutely absent visualization of ascending fibers of corpus callosum 3-20 weeks after @entity1545 in 5 @entity1 with poor outcomes ( @entity717 and persistent vegetative state). Raized asymmetry of corticospinal tracts was associated with @entity1269 or @entity1688 in the same @entity1 . In 6 @entity1 with @entity717 partial loss and thinning of corpus callosum fibers were observed. In 2 @entity1 with good recovery and moderate disability repeated studies showed no severe changes in structure of corpus callosum. CONCLUSION: DT- @entity7994 presents new data about structural changes of white matter tracts in @entity131 .

title: [Dynamic assessment of corpus callosum and corticospinal tracts structure using diffusion-tensor XXXX in @entity21 ].

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['severe disability']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['quadriparesis']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['DAI', 'Diffuse axonal injury']

answer: @entity7994 :: (78996,Gene) :: ['MRI']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity21 ( @entity21 ) causes neurodegenerative processes in brain which can last weeks and months after @entity131 . Aim of this study was to assess structural changes of corpus callosum and corticospinal tracts in dynamics using diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT- @entity7994 ) in severe @entity21 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 14 @entity1 with severe @entity21 (GCS < or = 8 in acute period) were examined using DT- @entity7994 . In 12 cases 1.5 Tesla device was used, in 2-3 Tesla tomography was applied. Initial studies were performed on 3rd-17th days after injury and control studies were done between 3 weeks and 33 months after injury. Outcomes were assessed using GOS 6 months after injury and later. RESULTS: MR-tractography demonstrated almost absolutely absent visualization of ascending fibers of corpus callosum 3-20 weeks after @entity1545 in 5 @entity1 with poor outcomes ( @entity717 and persistent vegetative state). Raized asymmetry of corticospinal tracts was associated with @entity1269 or @entity1688 in the same @entity1 . In 6 @entity1 with @entity717 partial loss and thinning of corpus callosum fibers were observed. In 2 @entity1 with good recovery and moderate disability repeated studies showed no severe changes in structure of corpus callosum. CONCLUSION: DT- @entity7994 presents new data about structural changes of white matter tracts in @entity131 .

title: [Dynamic assessment of corpus callosum and corticospinal tracts structure using diffusion-tensor @entity7994 in XXXX ].

answer: @entity21 :: (MESH:D001480,Disease) :: ['diffuse axonal injury']


abstract: An autopsy case of primary intracranial T-cell-rich @entity1892 in a 69-year-old female is presented. The @entity1 was admitted with a diagnosis of a @entity1313 in July 1993 and a month long history of @entity1032 , motor weakness of the right arm and leg, and a tendency toward somnolence. Neurological examination revealed disturbance of @entity1662 , @entity1269 , and papilloedema. However, her general physical examination was unremarkable. A CT scan and MR imaging revealed an irregular enhanced @entity66 at the paraventricular deep white matter in the bilateral parieto-occipital lobe. The @entity1 was treated with surgical biopsy of the @entity5 followed by combined radiotherapy (a total of 50 Gy) and chemotherapy. Following repetitive episodes of remission and exacerbation, the @entity1 expired about seven months after the onset of symptoms. Histopathological diagnosis of the @entity5 was @entity706 (diffuse medium-sized cell type). In the immunohistochemical study, most of the @entity706 cells had T-cell markers, such as @entity5855 . Some of the @entity706 cells were L26-positive. Neither glial fibrillary acidic protein nor neuron specific enolase were reactive with the @entity706 cells. At post-mortem examination, the specimens disclosed diffuse infiltration of medium-sized @entity706 cells. By contrast, most of the @entity706 cells were shown to be positive by the analysis of L26. None of the @entity706 cells exhibited the presence of @entity5855 . These immunohistochemical evaluations conform to the criteria of T-cell-rich @entity1892 .

title: [Primary malignant T-cell-rich XXXX of the central nervous system: a case report].

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental deterioration']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['right hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: A 24-year-old @entity1 was admitted complaining of @entity1269 and episodes of @entity1163 . Computed tomography demonstrated a low density area in the left putaminal region. Intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IVDSA) showed two @entity439 in the distal segment of the right middle cerebral artery. @entity999 from a cardiac source was suspected, and cardioechography was performed. @entity3291 was located in the left atrium. The @entity1 was transferred to a cardio surgical unit, and the @entity3291 was successfully removed. After removal by operation of the @entity4617 , follow-up third IVDSA was performed. One @entity439 of the distal segment of the right middle cerebral artery had grown larger. On the other hand, the other @entity439 had disappeared. Clipping of the enlarged @entity439 was performed. After the clipping operation of the enlarged @entity439 , a follow-up 4th IVDSA was performed. A new @entity439 of the proximal segment of the left cerebral artery was observed. A follow-up 5th IVDSA was performed, revealing that the new @entity439 was enlarging. No operation was performed, because the @entity439 was the fusiform type. At present, the @entity1 is complaining of slight @entity1269 and has returned to her job. Here we reported a case of @entity438 caused by left @entity4615 .

title: [A case of @entity438 which showed rapid growth caused by left XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebral emboli']

entities_list: @entity3291 :: ('MESH:D009232', 'Disease') :: ['Myxoma', 'myxoma']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tumor']

entities_list: @entity4615 :: ('MESH:C538262', 'Disease') :: ['atrial myxoma']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aneurysm']

answer: @entity4615 :: (MESH:C538262,Disease) :: ['atrial myxoma']


abstract: A 24-year-old @entity1 was admitted complaining of @entity1269 and episodes of @entity1163 . Computed tomography demonstrated a low density area in the left putaminal region. Intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IVDSA) showed two @entity439 in the distal segment of the right middle cerebral artery. @entity999 from a cardiac source was suspected, and cardioechography was performed. @entity3291 was located in the left atrium. The @entity1 was transferred to a cardio surgical unit, and the @entity3291 was successfully removed. After removal by operation of the @entity4617 , follow-up third IVDSA was performed. One @entity439 of the distal segment of the right middle cerebral artery had grown larger. On the other hand, the other @entity439 had disappeared. Clipping of the enlarged @entity439 was performed. After the clipping operation of the enlarged @entity439 , a follow-up 4th IVDSA was performed. A new @entity439 of the proximal segment of the left cerebral artery was observed. A follow-up 5th IVDSA was performed, revealing that the new @entity439 was enlarging. No operation was performed, because the @entity439 was the fusiform type. At present, the @entity1 is complaining of slight @entity1269 and has returned to her job. Here we reported a case of @entity438 caused by left @entity4615 .

title: [A case of XXXX which showed rapid growth caused by left @entity4615 ].

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['multiple cerebral aneurysm']


abstract: This is the first reported case of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of cranial @entity3 from @entity157 . A 53-year-old male was admitted to our hospital on August 23, 1994, complaining of severe @entity10 and a subcutaneous mass on the forehead. He was diagnosed as @entity157 in February, 1994, at another hospital. Because of multiple intrahepatic @entity3 , he was inoperable and received transarterial embolization (TAE) on February 15, 1994. He had noticed the subcutaneous mass two months prior to admission, and its recent rapid growth, and morning @entity10 . On admission, there was no abnormality observed by neurological and physical examination except the subcutaneous mass on his forehead, 5 x 7 cm in size. It was elastic soft and unmovable, and he felt tenderness. Laboratory examination showed only mild @entity409 . HBsAg was negative, and @entity160 and PIVKA-II (Protein Induced by @entity2067 Antagonists) were within normal limit. Skull X-ray showed a round bone defect in the frontal bone. Computerized tomographic (CT) scan showed @entity79 and a well-circumscribed high density mass extending from the frontal subcutaneous region into the cranial cavity. MRI showed the @entity5 compressing the left frontal lobe on T1 weighted image as isointense and T2 weighted image showed a slight low intense mass. The @entity5 was clearly enhanced on both CT scan and MRI. Left external carotid angiogram demonstrated that the hypervascular @entity5 mainly fed by a frontal branch of the left superficial temporal artery in the frontal region. @entity5 and bone scintigram revealed multiple bone @entity3 . Lung CT scan showed no @entity3 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A rare case of cranial XXXX from @entity157 ].

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: This is the first reported case of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of cranial @entity3 from @entity157 . A 53-year-old male was admitted to our hospital on August 23, 1994, complaining of severe @entity10 and a subcutaneous mass on the forehead. He was diagnosed as @entity157 in February, 1994, at another hospital. Because of multiple intrahepatic @entity3 , he was inoperable and received transarterial embolization (TAE) on February 15, 1994. He had noticed the subcutaneous mass two months prior to admission, and its recent rapid growth, and morning @entity10 . On admission, there was no abnormality observed by neurological and physical examination except the subcutaneous mass on his forehead, 5 x 7 cm in size. It was elastic soft and unmovable, and he felt tenderness. Laboratory examination showed only mild @entity409 . HBsAg was negative, and @entity160 and PIVKA-II (Protein Induced by @entity2067 Antagonists) were within normal limit. Skull X-ray showed a round bone defect in the frontal bone. Computerized tomographic (CT) scan showed @entity79 and a well-circumscribed high density mass extending from the frontal subcutaneous region into the cranial cavity. MRI showed the @entity5 compressing the left frontal lobe on T1 weighted image as isointense and T2 weighted image showed a slight low intense mass. The @entity5 was clearly enhanced on both CT scan and MRI. Left external carotid angiogram demonstrated that the hypervascular @entity5 mainly fed by a frontal branch of the left superficial temporal artery in the frontal region. @entity5 and bone scintigram revealed multiple bone @entity3 . Lung CT scan showed no @entity3 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A rare case of cranial @entity3 from XXXX ].

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']