abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the safety and efficacy of surgical removal of recurrent or regrowing @entity977 by endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach. METHODS: The clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 28 @entity1 undergoing endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for recurrent or regrowing @entity977 between April 2010 and December 2013. There were 9 males and 19 females with a mean age of 44. 2 (11 - 73) years. The maximal @entity5 diameter ranged from 2. 1 to 6.9 cm. The Knosp grades were 1 -2 (n = 11), 3 (n =8) and 4 (n =9). Fifteen @entity5 were endocrinically functional and the remainder endocrinically nonfunctional. All operations were performed with an assistance of intraoperative neuronavigation. Neuro-ophthalmological, neuroimaging and endocrinological results were followed up postoperatively. And surgical outcomes and risk factors were analyzed for incomplete @entity5 resection in previous operations. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 19. 1 (3 - 45) months. Gross total resection(n = 18, 64. 3%), subtotal resection(n = 6, 21. 4%) and partial resection(n = 4, 14. 3%) were achieved. Postoperatively, visual acuity improved in 11 @entity1 (73. 3%) and 6 @entity1 (40. 0%) showed endocrine remission. Qne @entity1 had short-term postoperative leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CONCLUSION: Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is both safe and effective for recurrent or regrowing @entity977 .

title: [Efficacy analysis of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for recurrent or regrowing XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary adenomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the topological properties of the functional brain network in unilateral @entity1274 @entity1 . METHODS: In this study, we acquired resting-state BOLD- fMRI data from 19 right-sided SNHL @entity1 and 31 healthy controls with normal hearing and constructed their whole brain functional networks. Two-sample two-tailed t-tests were performed to investigate group differences in topological parameters between the USNHL @entity1 and the controls. Partial correlation analysis was conducted to determine the relationships between the network metrics and USNHL-related variables. RESULTS: Both USNHL @entity1 and controls exhibited @entity5545 in their brain functional networks within the range 0. 1 - 0. 2 of sparsity. Compared to the controls, USNHL @entity1 showed significant increase in characteristic path length and normalized characteristic path length, but significant decrease in global efficiency. Clustering coefficient, local efficiency and normalized clustering coefficient demonstrated no significant difference. Furthermore, USNHL @entity1 exhibited no significant association between the altered network metrics and the duration of USNHL or the severity of @entity393 . CONCLUSION: Our results indicated the altered topological properties of whole brain functional networks in USNHL @entity1 , which may help us to understand pathophysiologic mechanism of USNHL @entity1 .

title: [Aberrant topological properties of whole-brain functional network in chronic right-sided XXXX : a resting-state functional MRI study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity5545 :: ('MESH:D004410', 'Disease') :: ['small-word architecture']

answer: @entity1274 :: (MESH:D006319,Disease) :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4580 decreases airway neutrophilia and can prevent chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation (LTx). It also can be used to treat @entity5924 , as it decreases the submucosal infiltrating @entity4155 positive lymphocytes. Some @entity1 , while receiving @entity4580 , (re)develop increased airway neutrophilia, which we hypothesize to result in worse outcome and to be regulated by an @entity4155 -independent mechanism. METHODS: LTx recipients, transplanted between 2001 and 2012, were investigated and categorized in a study group of @entity1 with @entity133 (BAL) neutrophilia (>= 15%) and a matched control group with low BAL neutrophilia (<15%), both groups while already being on @entity4580 treatment. CLAD-free and overall survival were compared between groups. Cell differentials and 33 proteins in BAL were analyzed to identify underlying mechanisms. RESULTS: The study group (n=72) demonstrated a significantly lower CLAD-free (p=0.015) and overall survival (p=0.041) compared to the control group (n=37). Absolute BAL neutrophils and eosinophils were increased in the study group, which was paralleled by elevated inflammatory cytokines ( @entity1356 / @entity1193 , @entity3646 and @entity650 ) and chemokines ( @entity687 / @entity687 , @entity2842 / @entity2842 , @entity10557 / @entity10557 , @entity12868 / @entity12868 , @entity14700 /eotaxin) concentrations compared to the control group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with elevated airway neutrophilia despite @entity4580 , experience worse CLAD-free and overall survival. In these @entity1 , @entity1356 might play a central role giving rise to neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and B-cells. This provides an opportunity to further investigate the modulation of this pathway.

title: BAL neutrophilia in XXXX -treated lung transplant recipients: Clinical significance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin', 'Azithromycin']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['increased broncho-alveolar lavage']

entities_list: @entity5924 :: ('MESH:D001988', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytic bronchiolitis']

answer: @entity4580 :: (MESH:D017963,Chemical) :: ['azithromycin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1052 is an important tool for preventing @entity146 in inpatient settings but definitions vary and there is no clear practice guideline. We aimed to identify how clinical staff define and conceptualize de-escalation, which de-escalation interventions they would use in aggressive scenarios, and their beliefs about the efficacy of de-escalation interventions. A questionnaire survey (n   =   72) was conducted using open and closed questions; additionally, clinical vignettes describing conflict events were presented for @entity1 to describe their likely clinical response. Qualitative data were subject to thematic analysis. The major themes that de-escalation encompassed were communication, tactics, de-escalator qualities, assessment and risk, getting help, and containment measures. Different types of @entity146 were met with different interventions. Half of @entity1 erroneously identified p.r.n. medication as a de-escalation intervention, and 15% wrongly stated that seclusion, restraint, and emergency i.m. medication could be de-escalation interventions. Those interventions seen as most effective were the most commonly used. Clinical staff's views about de-escalation, and their de-escalation practice, may differ from optimal practice. Use of containment measures and p.r.n. medication where de-escalation is more appropriate could have a negative impact; work is needed to promote understanding and use of appropriate de-escalation interventions based on a clear guideline.

title: XXXX : A survey of clinical staff in a secure mental health inpatient service.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1052 :: ('MESH:D005862', 'Disease') :: ['De-escalation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

answer: @entity1052 :: (MESH:D005862,Disease) :: ['De-escalation']


abstract: Up-front fecal diversion can palliate emergent symptoms related to locally advanced @entity5 (LARC) allowing @entity1 to receive neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT). We analyzed outcomes of pretreatment-diverted LARC @entity1 relative to nondiverted @entity1 to define the impact of this management strategy. We retrospectively collected data on 103 LARC @entity1 treated with nCRT and surgery. Medical records were reviewed for @entity1 characteristics, staging, treatment plan, and outcomes. Thirteen LARC @entity1 underwent pretreatment diversion for urgent symptoms and 90 LARC @entity1 proceeded directly to nCRT. In all, 50 per cent of diverted @entity1 presented with T4 @entity5 compared with 14 per cent in the nondiverted @entity1 (P = 0.003). Diverted @entity1 experienced a delay in time-to-treatment initiation of 12 days, although this difference was not statistically significant. Similar rates of chemoradiation and surgical @entity137 were observed. Even though diverted @entity1 demonstrated less pathologic response to nCRT compared with nondiverted @entity1 (P = 0.04), there was no significant difference in overall survival. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the effectiveness of up-front fecal diversion at managing emergent obstructive symptoms related to advanced @entity5 without additional complications, allowing @entity1 to proceed with nCRT followed by radical surgery.

title: The impact of surgical diversion before neoadjuvant therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report our prospective comparison of clinical efficacy between multimodular flexible ureteroscope, PolyScope, and conventional flexible ureteroscope, both combined with holmium laser lithotripsy in managing @entity1290  <3  cm in diameter. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between February 2011 and July 2014, a total of 360 adult @entity1 with @entity1290 were randomized in a single tertiary-care center trial. For 180 @entity1 in each arm, flexible ureteroscopy and holmium laser lithotripsy were done with either PolyScope or Olympus URF @entity23446 as control. The primary end points were single-session stone fragmentation rate and stone-free rate. The secondary end points comprised operation time, complication rate, and hospital stay. RESULTS: Demographic and preoperative parameters were comparable between 2 groups. For stones of different locations and sizes, single-session stone fragmentation rate of PolyScope was similar to that of URF @entity23446 . However, for lower calyceal stones, URF @entity23446 was significantly better than PolyScope (82.0% vs 69.2%; P  =  .022). No statistically significant difference existed in single-session or overall stone-free rate, complication rate, and hospital stay. Mean operation time of PolyScope group was 92.6      20.2  minutes, 9  minutes (10.8%) longer than that of URF @entity23446 group 83.3      17.1  minutes (P  <  .01). CONCLUSION: PolyScope demonstrates similar overall stone clearance rate to a conventional flexible ureteroscope in managing @entity1290  <3  cm in diameter, but for lower pole stones, it is of inferior efficacy and it is more skillfully demanding, taking longer operation time.

title: Comparing the Efficacy of a Multimodular Flexible Ureteroscope With Its Conventional Counterpart in the Management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['renal calculi', 'renal stones']

answer: @entity1290 :: (MESH:D007669,Disease) :: ['Renal Stones']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present a descriptive study on same-day discharge after total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH), documenting the effectiveness of our pre- and postoperative protocol, and surgical technique for minimizing @entity282 scores in case of uterine volume equivalent to < 14 weeks of gestation. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: University hospital. POPULATION: One hundred and five @entity1 undergoing TLH, with same-day discharge. METHODS: Anesthesia and surgery were performed using the same protocol in all @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary endpoints evaluated @entity158 scores using visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary endpoints included duration of surgery, operating room occupancy, time until discharge, overnight hospitalization, complication rate, readmission rate and @entity1 satisfaction. RESULTS: 100% of @entity1 were able to return home within 4.9  1.4 hours of surgery. One hour after surgery, the VAS score was <4 (3.5  2.6), dropping to <2 4 hours after surgery (1.9  1.2) and remaining so throughout day one (1.8  1.4). VAS scores at 4 hours, evening and day one were thus significantly lower than the VAS score at 1 hour. CONCLUSION: Our results clearly confirm that outpatient TLH is a feasible procedure, allowing same-day discharge and generating low levels of @entity158 . @entity1 can leave hospital in less than 5 hours. Standardized techniques, as well as coordination with the anesthesiologist, adequate postoperative nursing care and preoperative @entity1 counselling, are nevertheless required.

title: Low XXXX score after total laparoscopic hysterectomy and same-day discharge within less than 5 hours: results of a prospective observational study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5292 antibiotics, such as @entity801 , may induce premature termination codon (PTC) readthrough and elude the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay mechanism. Because PTCs are frequently involved in lysosomal diseases, readthrough compounds may be useful as potential therapeutic agents. The aim of our study was to identify @entity1 responsive to @entity801 treatment in order to be used as positive controls to further screen for other PTC readthrough compounds. With this aim, fibroblasts from 11 @entity1 affected by 6 different lysosomal diseases carrying PTCs were treated with @entity801 . Treatment response was evaluated by measuring enzymatic activity, abnormal metabolite accumulation, mRNA expression, protein localization, and cell viability. The potential effect of readthrough was also analyzed by in silico predictions. Results showed that fibroblasts from 5/11 @entity1 exhibited an up to 3-fold increase of enzymatic activity after @entity801 treatment. Accordingly, cell lines tested showed enhanced well-localized protein and/or increased mRNA expression levels and/or reduced metabolite accumulation. Interestingly, these cell lines also showed increased enzymatic activity after @entity14045 treatment, which is a PTC readthrough-promoting compound. In conclusion, our results provide a proof-of-concept that PTCs can be effectively suppressed by readthrough drugs, with different efficiencies depending on the genetic context. The screening of new compounds with readthrough activity is a strategy that can be used to develop efficient therapies for diseases caused by PTC mutations.

title: Effect of Readthrough Treatment in Fibroblasts of XXXX Affected by Lysosomal Diseases Caused by Premature Termination Codons.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity5292 :: ('D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['Aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 1986, the risk of @entity3028 prompted German authorities to restrict the indications for @entity10964 use. After an initial decline, prescriptions increased from <20 million defined daily doses in 1990 to >140 million in 2012. Concurrently, spontaneous reports of @entity3028 increased from about 10 in 1990 to >50 in 2012. In this study, reports were analyzed to identify targets for risk minimization measures. METHODS: Reports of suspected @entity10964 -induced @entity3028 (neutrophils <0.5   *   10(9)  cells/l) between 1990 and 2012 were identified in the German spontaneous reporting database. Cases for which original reporting documents were available were eligible for analysis. @entity1 characteristics, indication, clinical course, and outcome were assessed. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-one reports were analyzed. The mean age of the @entity1 was 56.8  years (11-93) and 64.6  % were female. Off-label use was identified in about 25  % of cases. Neutrophils fell below 100/ l in 63 and intercurrent infections developed in 109 cases. Thirty-eight @entity1 (23.6  %) died. In two thirds of the cases, @entity3028 occurred within 6  weeks of permanent or intermittent @entity10964 treatment, in 30.5  % within 7  days, including 18 cases of immediate onset after the first or second administration. CONCLUSION: The reported cases show severe clinical courses and are, to some extent, a result of off-label use. Due to the absence of individual risk factors and presence of variable onset patterns, risk minimization measures should focus on restricting use to defined clinical situations and providing concise risk information for @entity1 and healthcare professionals.

title: @entity10964 ( @entity10964 )-associated XXXX . An analysis of German spontaneous reports 1990-2012.

entities_list: @entity10964 :: ('MESH:D004177', 'Chemical') :: ['metamizole']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['agranulocytosis']

answer: @entity3028 :: (MESH:D000380,Disease) :: ['agranulocytosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 1986, the risk of @entity3028 prompted German authorities to restrict the indications for @entity10964 use. After an initial decline, prescriptions increased from <20 million defined daily doses in 1990 to >140 million in 2012. Concurrently, spontaneous reports of @entity3028 increased from about 10 in 1990 to >50 in 2012. In this study, reports were analyzed to identify targets for risk minimization measures. METHODS: Reports of suspected @entity10964 -induced @entity3028 (neutrophils <0.5   *   10(9)  cells/l) between 1990 and 2012 were identified in the German spontaneous reporting database. Cases for which original reporting documents were available were eligible for analysis. @entity1 characteristics, indication, clinical course, and outcome were assessed. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-one reports were analyzed. The mean age of the @entity1 was 56.8  years (11-93) and 64.6  % were female. Off-label use was identified in about 25  % of cases. Neutrophils fell below 100/ l in 63 and intercurrent infections developed in 109 cases. Thirty-eight @entity1 (23.6  %) died. In two thirds of the cases, @entity3028 occurred within 6  weeks of permanent or intermittent @entity10964 treatment, in 30.5  % within 7  days, including 18 cases of immediate onset after the first or second administration. CONCLUSION: The reported cases show severe clinical courses and are, to some extent, a result of off-label use. Due to the absence of individual risk factors and presence of variable onset patterns, risk minimization measures should focus on restricting use to defined clinical situations and providing concise risk information for @entity1 and healthcare professionals.

title: XXXX ( @entity10964 )-associated @entity3028 . An analysis of German spontaneous reports 1990-2012.

answer: @entity10964 :: (MESH:D004177,Chemical) :: ['Metamizole']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 1986, the risk of @entity3028 prompted German authorities to restrict the indications for @entity10964 use. After an initial decline, prescriptions increased from <20 million defined daily doses in 1990 to >140 million in 2012. Concurrently, spontaneous reports of @entity3028 increased from about 10 in 1990 to >50 in 2012. In this study, reports were analyzed to identify targets for risk minimization measures. METHODS: Reports of suspected @entity10964 -induced @entity3028 (neutrophils <0.5   *   10(9)  cells/l) between 1990 and 2012 were identified in the German spontaneous reporting database. Cases for which original reporting documents were available were eligible for analysis. @entity1 characteristics, indication, clinical course, and outcome were assessed. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-one reports were analyzed. The mean age of the @entity1 was 56.8  years (11-93) and 64.6  % were female. Off-label use was identified in about 25  % of cases. Neutrophils fell below 100/ l in 63 and intercurrent infections developed in 109 cases. Thirty-eight @entity1 (23.6  %) died. In two thirds of the cases, @entity3028 occurred within 6  weeks of permanent or intermittent @entity10964 treatment, in 30.5  % within 7  days, including 18 cases of immediate onset after the first or second administration. CONCLUSION: The reported cases show severe clinical courses and are, to some extent, a result of off-label use. Due to the absence of individual risk factors and presence of variable onset patterns, risk minimization measures should focus on restricting use to defined clinical situations and providing concise risk information for @entity1 and healthcare professionals.

title: @entity10964 ( XXXX )-associated @entity3028 . An analysis of German spontaneous reports 1990-2012.

answer: @entity10964 :: (MESH:D004177,Chemical) :: ['dipyrone']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Worldwide, there has been a startling increase in the number of @entity1 who are obese or overweight. Obesity increases the risk of @entity65 and overall mortality. Mobile phone messaging is an important means of @entity1 communication globally. Because the mobile phone can be used anywhere at any time, mobile phone messaging has the potential to manage @entity28 . We investigated the effectiveness of a one-way text messaging intervention for @entity28 . METHODS: @entity1 ' body mass index and waist circumference were measured at the beginning of the programme and again after 12 weeks. The text message group received text messages about exercise, dietary intake, and general information about @entity28 three times a week, while the control group did not receive any text messages from the study. RESULTS: Of the 80 @entity1 , 25 subjects in the text message group and 29 @entity1 in the control group completed the study. After adjusting for baseline body mass index, the body mass index was significantly lower in the text message group than in the control group (27.9 vs 28.3; p   =   0.02). After adjusting for the baseline waist circumference, the difference of waist circumference between the text message group and control group was not significant (93.4 vs 94.6; p   =   0.13). DISCUSSION: The one-way text messaging intervention was a simple and effective way to manage @entity28 . The one-way text messaging intervention may be a useful method for lifestyle modification in obese subjects.

title: A one-way text messaging intervention for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'human', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1555 ( @entity1555 ) is a progressive @entity121 with severe @entity299 . It is believed that cellular oxidative stress and augmented @entity141 signaling drives the development of cardiac pathology. Some @entity2383 have also been reported. Here we investigate cellular mechanisms responsible for impaired mitochondrial metabolism in @entity296 at early stages of the disease. We employed electrophysiological and imaging techniques to study mitochondrial structure and function in cardiomyocytes from mdx @entity19 , an animal model of @entity1555 . Here we show that mitochondrial matrix was progressively oxidized in myocytes isolated from mdx @entity19 . Moreover, an abrupt increase in workload resulted in significantly more pronounced oxidation of mitochondria in dystrophic cells. Electron micrographs revealed a gradually increased number of damaged mitochondria in mdx myocytes. Degradation in mitochondrial structure was correlated with progressive increase in mitochondrial @entity141 sequestration and mitochondrial depolarization, despite a substantial and persistent elevation in resting cytosolic @entity1372 levels. Treatment of mdx cells with @entity205 , an inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), shifted both resting and workload-dependent mitochondrial redox state to the levels recorded in control myocytes. It also significantly reduced workload dependent depolarization of mitochondrial membrane in @entity3986 . Overall, our studies highlight age dependent deterioration of mitochondrial function in @entity3986 , which seems to be associated with excessive opening of mPTP due to oxidative stress and cellular @entity141 overload.

title: @entity2383 during progression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic cardiomyocytes']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy', 'DMD']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine A']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac complications']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle disease']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunctions']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['dystrophic cardiomyopathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1555 ( @entity1555 ) is a progressive @entity121 with severe @entity299 . It is believed that cellular oxidative stress and augmented @entity141 signaling drives the development of cardiac pathology. Some @entity2383 have also been reported. Here we investigate cellular mechanisms responsible for impaired mitochondrial metabolism in @entity296 at early stages of the disease. We employed electrophysiological and imaging techniques to study mitochondrial structure and function in cardiomyocytes from mdx @entity19 , an animal model of @entity1555 . Here we show that mitochondrial matrix was progressively oxidized in myocytes isolated from mdx @entity19 . Moreover, an abrupt increase in workload resulted in significantly more pronounced oxidation of mitochondria in dystrophic cells. Electron micrographs revealed a gradually increased number of damaged mitochondria in mdx myocytes. Degradation in mitochondrial structure was correlated with progressive increase in mitochondrial @entity141 sequestration and mitochondrial depolarization, despite a substantial and persistent elevation in resting cytosolic @entity1372 levels. Treatment of mdx cells with @entity205 , an inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), shifted both resting and workload-dependent mitochondrial redox state to the levels recorded in control myocytes. It also significantly reduced workload dependent depolarization of mitochondrial membrane in @entity3986 . Overall, our studies highlight age dependent deterioration of mitochondrial function in @entity3986 , which seems to be associated with excessive opening of mPTP due to oxidative stress and cellular @entity141 overload.

title: XXXX during progression of @entity296 .

answer: @entity2383 :: (MESH:D028361,Disease) :: ['Mitochondrial dysfunctions']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The safety and efficiency of the dual-layer Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device has already been published. However, this international multicenter study sought to evaluate the safety of single-layer devices, which are the newest generation of the WEB intrasaccular flow-disrupter family. They have been designed to offer smaller-sized devices with a lower profile to optimize navigability and delivery, which may, in turn, broaden their range of use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from all consecutive @entity1 treated with a single-layer WEB device, in 10 European centers from June 2013 to May 2014 were included. Clinical presentations, technical details, intra- and perioperative complications, and outcomes at discharge were recorded. Clinical and angiographic data at last follow-up were also analyzed when available. RESULTS: Ninety @entity1 with 98 WEB-treated @entity439 were included in this study. In 93 cases (95%), WEB placement was possible. Complete occlusion at the end of the procedure was obtained in 26 instances (26%). Additional treatment during the procedure (coiling and/or stent placement) was necessary in 12 cases (12.7%). Procedure-related complications occurred in 13 cases, leading to permanent @entity51 in 4 @entity1 (4.4%). Early vascular imaging follow-up data were available for 44 @entity1 (57%), with an average time interval of 3.3 months. Treatment-related morbidity and mortality rates at last follow-up were 2.2% and 1.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the feasibility and safety of the single-layer WEB device was comparable with that of the double-layer. However, further studies are needed to evaluate long-term efficacies.

title: Single-Layer WEBs: Intrasaccular Flow Disrupters for XXXX Treatment-Feasibility Results from a European Study.

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['Aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for some types of @entity5 . Angiogenesis is a necessary step in the multistage progression of @entity5 such as @entity320 . Previous studies reported that @entity32327 ( @entity32327 ) regulates angiogenesis by activating the @entity36888 on endothelial cells. The present study examined the effects of the @entity36888 antagonist on @entity5 weight, angiogenesis and serum levels of @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ), @entity9842 ( @entity9842 ), and @entity842 (NO). METHODS: Twenty four male C57BL/6 @entity19 were divided into control and @entity28 groups. The control group was fed a normal diet whereas the @entity28 group was fed a high fat diet. After 16 weeks, 2*10(6) @entity19 @entity320 cells were injected subcutaneously into all animals. Half of the control and the @entity28 animals received 1   M, 100   L/kg @entity36888 antagonist ( @entity46551 ) intraperitoneally. After two weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and angiogenic factors and @entity5 weights and angiogenesis were analyzed. RESULTS: Tumor weight in the @entity28 @entity19 was higher than in the control (p<0.05). Treatment with @entity46551 reduced @entity5 weight in the @entity28 animals (p<0.05), without effect on control group (p>0.05). Administration of an @entity36888 antagonist decreased @entity5 angiogenesis (evaluated as capillary density/mm2) and serum @entity1611 concentration in the @entity28 group without altering serum @entity9842 and NO concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Blockade of the @entity36888 suppressed @entity5 growth in @entity28 @entity19 by affecting @entity5 angiogenesis. Thus, it seems that @entity32327 and its @entity36888 antagonist might be new targets in @entity320 therapy.

title: Effect of Blocking of @entity32327 XXXX on Tumor Angiogenesis and Progression in Normal and Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6 @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanoma tumor']

answer: @entity36888 :: (18167(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Y2 Receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for some types of @entity5 . Angiogenesis is a necessary step in the multistage progression of @entity5 such as @entity320 . Previous studies reported that @entity32327 ( @entity32327 ) regulates angiogenesis by activating the @entity36888 on endothelial cells. The present study examined the effects of the @entity36888 antagonist on @entity5 weight, angiogenesis and serum levels of @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ), @entity9842 ( @entity9842 ), and @entity842 (NO). METHODS: Twenty four male C57BL/6 @entity19 were divided into control and @entity28 groups. The control group was fed a normal diet whereas the @entity28 group was fed a high fat diet. After 16 weeks, 2*10(6) @entity19 @entity320 cells were injected subcutaneously into all animals. Half of the control and the @entity28 animals received 1   M, 100   L/kg @entity36888 antagonist ( @entity46551 ) intraperitoneally. After two weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and angiogenic factors and @entity5 weights and angiogenesis were analyzed. RESULTS: Tumor weight in the @entity28 @entity19 was higher than in the control (p<0.05). Treatment with @entity46551 reduced @entity5 weight in the @entity28 animals (p<0.05), without effect on control group (p>0.05). Administration of an @entity36888 antagonist decreased @entity5 angiogenesis (evaluated as capillary density/mm2) and serum @entity1611 concentration in the @entity28 group without altering serum @entity9842 and NO concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Blockade of the @entity36888 suppressed @entity5 growth in @entity28 @entity19 by affecting @entity5 angiogenesis. Thus, it seems that @entity32327 and its @entity36888 antagonist might be new targets in @entity320 therapy.

title: Effect of Blocking of XXXX @entity36888 on Tumor Angiogenesis and Progression in Normal and Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6 @entity19 .

answer: @entity32327 :: (109648(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Neuropeptide Y']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for some types of @entity5 . Angiogenesis is a necessary step in the multistage progression of @entity5 such as @entity320 . Previous studies reported that @entity32327 ( @entity32327 ) regulates angiogenesis by activating the @entity36888 on endothelial cells. The present study examined the effects of the @entity36888 antagonist on @entity5 weight, angiogenesis and serum levels of @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ), @entity9842 ( @entity9842 ), and @entity842 (NO). METHODS: Twenty four male C57BL/6 @entity19 were divided into control and @entity28 groups. The control group was fed a normal diet whereas the @entity28 group was fed a high fat diet. After 16 weeks, 2*10(6) @entity19 @entity320 cells were injected subcutaneously into all animals. Half of the control and the @entity28 animals received 1   M, 100   L/kg @entity36888 antagonist ( @entity46551 ) intraperitoneally. After two weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and angiogenic factors and @entity5 weights and angiogenesis were analyzed. RESULTS: Tumor weight in the @entity28 @entity19 was higher than in the control (p<0.05). Treatment with @entity46551 reduced @entity5 weight in the @entity28 animals (p<0.05), without effect on control group (p>0.05). Administration of an @entity36888 antagonist decreased @entity5 angiogenesis (evaluated as capillary density/mm2) and serum @entity1611 concentration in the @entity28 group without altering serum @entity9842 and NO concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Blockade of the @entity36888 suppressed @entity5 growth in @entity28 @entity19 by affecting @entity5 angiogenesis. Thus, it seems that @entity32327 and its @entity36888 antagonist might be new targets in @entity320 therapy.

title: Effect of Blocking of @entity32327 @entity36888 on Tumor Angiogenesis and Progression in Normal and Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6 XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlation between overweight and @entity260 and prognosis after radical hepatectomy for @entity14 ( @entity14 ). METHODS: A total of 192 @entity1 who underwent hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases between January 2000 and March 2012 were eligible for the study. We retrospectively summarized their clinicopathological data, BMI index and @entity260 , and investigated the relation between these data and complications and prognosis. RESULTS: Of the 192 @entity1 , 109 cases were classified as overweight with a BMI >= 24 and 83 @entity1 were classified as non-overweight with a BMI <24. Seventy-five complications occurred in 68 of the 192 @entity1 (35.4%) who underwent hepatectomy. @entity532 (P=0.428), operation time (P=0.837), and @entity190 (P=0.272) were not statistically significantly associated with BMI. 173 @entity1 were included to analyze the influence of overweight on oncologic outcome. The median survival for the overweight @entity1 was 59 months, while that of non-overweight @entity1 was 31 months (P=0.016). The overweight @entity1 had a longer OS assessed by both univariate analysis (P=0.016) and multivariate analysis (P=0.031). However, no statistical differences in disease-free survival (DFS) were detected between the overweight and non-overweight groups (P=0.058). CONCLUSIONS: Overweight is not independently associated with an increasing complication rate. BMI does not significantly affect the @entity14 -DFS, and high BMI @entity1 might have a better overall survival.

title: [Impact of overweight on @entity260 and oncological outcome after radical hepatectomy for metastatic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Surgical complications']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRLM', 'colorectal liver metastasis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlation between overweight and @entity260 and prognosis after radical hepatectomy for @entity14 ( @entity14 ). METHODS: A total of 192 @entity1 who underwent hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases between January 2000 and March 2012 were eligible for the study. We retrospectively summarized their clinicopathological data, BMI index and @entity260 , and investigated the relation between these data and complications and prognosis. RESULTS: Of the 192 @entity1 , 109 cases were classified as overweight with a BMI >= 24 and 83 @entity1 were classified as non-overweight with a BMI <24. Seventy-five complications occurred in 68 of the 192 @entity1 (35.4%) who underwent hepatectomy. @entity532 (P=0.428), operation time (P=0.837), and @entity190 (P=0.272) were not statistically significantly associated with BMI. 173 @entity1 were included to analyze the influence of overweight on oncologic outcome. The median survival for the overweight @entity1 was 59 months, while that of non-overweight @entity1 was 31 months (P=0.016). The overweight @entity1 had a longer OS assessed by both univariate analysis (P=0.016) and multivariate analysis (P=0.031). However, no statistical differences in disease-free survival (DFS) were detected between the overweight and non-overweight groups (P=0.058). CONCLUSIONS: Overweight is not independently associated with an increasing complication rate. BMI does not significantly affect the @entity14 -DFS, and high BMI @entity1 might have a better overall survival.

title: [Impact of overweight on XXXX and oncological outcome after radical hepatectomy for metastatic @entity14 ].

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['postoperative complications']


abstract: Central nervous system (CNS) relapse occurs in around 5% of @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) cases. No biomarkers to identify high-risk @entity1 have been discovered. We evaluated the expression of lymphocyte-guiding chemokine receptors in systemic and CNS @entity706 . Immunohistochemical staining for @entity436 , @entity22750 , @entity9350 , @entity1570 , and @entity14638 was performed on 89 tissue samples, including cases of @entity149 ( @entity149 ), secondary @entity149 (sCNSL), and systemic @entity1892 . Also, 10 reactive lymph node samples were included. Immunoelectron microscopy was performed on two PCNSLs, one sCNSL, one systemic @entity1892 , and one reactive lymph node samples, and staining was performed for @entity436 , @entity22750 , @entity1570 , and @entity14638 . Chi-square test was used to determine correlations between clinical parameters, diagnostic groups, and @entity436 expression. Strong nuclear @entity436 positivity correlated with systemic @entity1892 , whereas strong cytoplasmic @entity22750 positivity correlated with CNS involvement (P  =  0.003 and P  =  0.039). Immunoelectron microscopy revealed a nuclear @entity436 staining in reactive lymph node, compared with cytoplasmic and membranous localization seen in CNS @entity706 . We found that @entity149 presented a @entity436 profile different from @entity262 . Our findings give new information on the CNS tropism of @entity1892 and, if confirmed, may contribute to more effective targeting of CNS prophylaxis among @entity1 with @entity1892 .

title: Similar XXXX profiles in @entity706 with central nervous system involvement - possible biomarkers for @entity1 selection for central nervous system prophylaxis, a retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['PCNSL', 'primary central nervous system lymphoma', 'CNS lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity436 :: ('7852', 'Gene') :: ['CXCR4', 'chemokine receptor']

answer: @entity436 :: (7852,Gene) :: ['chemokine receptor']


abstract: Central nervous system (CNS) relapse occurs in around 5% of @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) cases. No biomarkers to identify high-risk @entity1 have been discovered. We evaluated the expression of lymphocyte-guiding chemokine receptors in systemic and CNS @entity706 . Immunohistochemical staining for @entity436 , @entity22750 , @entity9350 , @entity1570 , and @entity14638 was performed on 89 tissue samples, including cases of @entity149 ( @entity149 ), secondary @entity149 (sCNSL), and systemic @entity1892 . Also, 10 reactive lymph node samples were included. Immunoelectron microscopy was performed on two PCNSLs, one sCNSL, one systemic @entity1892 , and one reactive lymph node samples, and staining was performed for @entity436 , @entity22750 , @entity1570 , and @entity14638 . Chi-square test was used to determine correlations between clinical parameters, diagnostic groups, and @entity436 expression. Strong nuclear @entity436 positivity correlated with systemic @entity1892 , whereas strong cytoplasmic @entity22750 positivity correlated with CNS involvement (P  =  0.003 and P  =  0.039). Immunoelectron microscopy revealed a nuclear @entity436 staining in reactive lymph node, compared with cytoplasmic and membranous localization seen in CNS @entity706 . We found that @entity149 presented a @entity436 profile different from @entity262 . Our findings give new information on the CNS tropism of @entity1892 and, if confirmed, may contribute to more effective targeting of CNS prophylaxis among @entity1 with @entity1892 .

title: Similar @entity436 profiles in XXXX with central nervous system involvement - possible biomarkers for @entity1 selection for central nervous system prophylaxis, a retrospective study.

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphomas']


abstract: Central nervous system (CNS) relapse occurs in around 5% of @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) cases. No biomarkers to identify high-risk @entity1 have been discovered. We evaluated the expression of lymphocyte-guiding chemokine receptors in systemic and CNS @entity706 . Immunohistochemical staining for @entity436 , @entity22750 , @entity9350 , @entity1570 , and @entity14638 was performed on 89 tissue samples, including cases of @entity149 ( @entity149 ), secondary @entity149 (sCNSL), and systemic @entity1892 . Also, 10 reactive lymph node samples were included. Immunoelectron microscopy was performed on two PCNSLs, one sCNSL, one systemic @entity1892 , and one reactive lymph node samples, and staining was performed for @entity436 , @entity22750 , @entity1570 , and @entity14638 . Chi-square test was used to determine correlations between clinical parameters, diagnostic groups, and @entity436 expression. Strong nuclear @entity436 positivity correlated with systemic @entity1892 , whereas strong cytoplasmic @entity22750 positivity correlated with CNS involvement (P  =  0.003 and P  =  0.039). Immunoelectron microscopy revealed a nuclear @entity436 staining in reactive lymph node, compared with cytoplasmic and membranous localization seen in CNS @entity706 . We found that @entity149 presented a @entity436 profile different from @entity262 . Our findings give new information on the CNS tropism of @entity1892 and, if confirmed, may contribute to more effective targeting of CNS prophylaxis among @entity1 with @entity1892 .

title: Similar @entity436 profiles in @entity706 with central nervous system involvement - possible biomarkers for XXXX selection for central nervous system prophylaxis, a retrospective study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: To define the socioeconomic and demographic determinants for self-rated health and happiness for Turkish elderly (>= 60) using the World Values Survey (WVS) database. METHODS: WVS data for @entity233 covering 23 years (1990-2013) with five separate cross-sections (1990, 1996, 2001, 2007, 2013) were pooled for analysis (n=870). Dependent variables were self-rated health (SRH) and perception of happiness.Their relation with age, sex, number of @entity1 , marital status, income, education, employment status and class perception were evaluated. Chi-square and logistic regression analysis were used. Regression coefficients and their standard errors were derived to calculate odds ratios. RESULTS: Mean age was 66.96  5.78 (60-91), 58.16% were male and 76.32% were married. The majority (61.10%) was at lowest income level and 80.60% had education attainment at primary level or below. Very happy/quite happy were 81.77% while only 46.59% perceived their health as very good/good. The crisis year (2001) increased the risk of bad self-rated health 4.4 times, being a @entity1 2.0 times, while being a widow had a 2.3-fold, low-income 3.0-fold effect. The odds for unhappy status was increased 4.3 times at low-income levels and 8.4 times for the divorced/separate living partners. @entity5427 state improved after crisis period. CONCLUSION: SRH and happiness of Turkish elderly bare demographic and socioeconomic inequalities. The inexistence of a partner, being a @entity1 , low-income level and major threats for it, like economic crisis, are important drivers for elderly health and happiness. To improve well-being of elderly, better social policies for income is essential and at economic crisis times, support policies should be prioritized for vulnerable groups, including elderly.

title: Demographic and socioeconomic inequalities for self-rated health and happiness in elderly: The situation for XXXX regarding World Values Survey between 1990 and 2013.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children']

entities_list: @entity5427 :: ('MESH:D017204', 'Disease') :: ['Happiness']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: AIM: Surgery remains the gold standard treatment for @entity1 with stable @entity545 ( @entity545 ). In an attempt to guide operative selection, we report our series of penile-straightening procedures for @entity545 , using a surgical algorithm that recommended tunica albuginea plication (TAP), partial plaque excision and grafting (PEG) or inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placement. With this study, we attempt to further refine surgical approach, define realistic surgical outcomes, and help establish reasonable postoperative expectations for treatment of @entity545 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all @entity1 who underwent surgery for @entity545 at our institution between 2007 and 2013. Work-up involved a history, physical exam, and a duplex ultrasound. Several questionnaires were employed to assess bother and distress associated with @entity545 . Objective outcomes and @entity1 satisfaction were assessed postoperatively. Primary outcomes include postoperative @entity1 satisfaction with @entity2003 , curvature, and ability to engage in intercourse. Secondary outcomes include comparing emotional, relationship, and @entity458 to severity of disease. RESULTS: A total of 390 @entity1 underwent penile-straightening procedures for correction of @entity545 . Of these @entity1 , 29%, (n   =   114) underwent TAP, 41% (n   =   159) PEG, and 30% (N   =   114) IPP. Mean follow-up was 17 months. The three surgical modalities showed no significant difference in satisfaction with @entity2003 , presence of bothersome residual curve, or ability to engage in intercourse. Preoperatively, 80% of @entity1 reported a negative effect of @entity545 on their emotional status. Postoperatively, 88.4% of @entity1 were able to engage in penetrative intercourse, while only 70% were satisfied with @entity2003 and 84.9% were satisfied with curvature correction. CONCLUSION: @entity1 experience with @entity2003 , ability to engage in intercourse, and residual bothersome curve was not statistically different across the three groups, supporting the use of this surgical algorithm. The majority of @entity1 with @entity545 experience some @entity458 , which may compromise @entity1 satisfaction. Papagiannopoulos D, Yura E, and Levine L. Examining postoperative outcomes after employing a surgical algorithm for management of @entity545 : A single-institution retrospective review. J Sex Med **;**:**-**.

title: Examining Postoperative Outcomes after Employing a Surgical Algorithm for Management of XXXX : A Single-Institution Retrospective Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity545 :: ('MESH:D010411', 'Disease') :: ['PD', "Peyronie's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['penile rigidity', 'postsurgical rigidity', 'rigidity']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress', 'degree of emotional and psychological distress']

answer: @entity545 :: (MESH:D010411,Disease) :: ['Peyronie's Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4512 (MSP) in @entity1 can be due to non-inflammatory conditions, such as the @entity14884 ( @entity14884 ) or idiopathic MSP (IMSP). Aim of the study was to evaluate type and persistence of MSP in a cohort of schoolchildren with MSP followed for 3  years, in order to identify the main risk factors. METHODS: Healthy schoolchildren, aged 8-13 years, underwent a general and rheumatologic examination, focusing on presence of chronic MSP, defined as continuous or recurrent @entity158 lasting more than 3  months and heavily interfering with daily life activities, presence of generalized joint @entity8018 , the body mass index and the pubertal stage. All symptomatic subjects were re-evaluated 3  years later with the same methods. RESULTS: Seventy of the 88 symptomatic subjects of the initial cohort of 289 were re-evaluated 3  years later. Of these, 38 (54.3  %) still presented MSP, including 19 with @entity14884 and 19 with IMSP. Main symptoms were lower limbs @entity4841 and @entity925 . MSP persisted more in females than in males (p   =   0.038) and in pubertal rather than pre-pubertal subjects (p   =   0.022); these subjects recovered significantly more both from @entity14884 (p   =   0.004) and IMSP (p   =   0.016). Gender did not influence the distribution of MSP according to pubertal stage. CONCLUSIONS: Female gender, @entity14884 and pubertal stage are important risk factors for persistence of MSP. Further studies are needed to evaluate the natural history of MSP towards adulthood and the role of the pubertal age.

title: XXXX in schoolchildren across puberty: a 3-year follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity14884 :: ('MESH:D007593', 'Disease') :: ['benign joint hypermobility syndrome', 'BJHS']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity8018 :: ('MESH:C536196', 'Disease') :: ['hypermobility']

answer: @entity4512 :: (MESH:D059352,Disease) :: ['Musculoskeletal pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report our initial clinical experience for image quality and diagnostic performance of a @entity1054 ( @entity1054 , Philips Healthcare) compared with an analog PET with time-of-flight (GeminiTF PET/CT, Philips Healthcare). METHODS: Twenty-one oncologic @entity1 , mean age 58, first underwent clinical FDG PET/CT on the GeminiTF. The scanner table was then withdrawn while the @entity1 remained on the table, and the @entity1054 was inserted between the GeminiTF PET and CT scanner. The @entity1 were scanned for a second time using the same PET field of view with CT from GeminiTF for attenuation correction. Two readers reviewed the two sets of PET/CT images for overall image quality, lesion conspicuity and sharpness. They counted the number of suspicious, FDG avid lesions and provided the TNM staging for the five @entity1 referred for initial staging. Standardized uptake values (SUV) and SUV gradients as a measure of lesion sharpness were obtained. RESULTS: @entity1054 showed better image quality compared with GeminiTF. In side-by-side comparison using a 5-point scale, lesion conspicuity (4.3    0.6), lesion sharpness (4.3    0.6) and diagnostic confidence (3.4    0.7) were better with @entity1054 compared with GeminiTF, P < 0.01. In 52 @entity75 , lesion maximum SUV was 36% higher with @entity1054 than with GeminiTF, lesion-to-blood pool SUV ratio was 59% higher and SUV gradient was 51% higher, with good correlation between the two scanners. Lesions < 1.5 cm showed a greater increase in SUV from GeminiTF to @entity1054 compared to those >=  1.5 cm. @entity1054 showed additional eight suspicious lesions in 5 of 21 @entity1 that were not seen at GeminiTF. In the 15 restaging @entity1 , the true negative rate was 100% and true positive rate was 78% for both scanners. In the five @entity1 for initial staging, @entity1054 lead to upstaging in two @entity1 and showed the same staging in the other three @entity1 compared with GeminiTF. CONCLUSION: @entity1054 provides better image quality, diagnostic confidence and accuracy compared with GeminiTF. It may be most beneficial in detecting small @entity5 lesions and disease staging.

title: Image quality and diagnostic performance of a digital PET prototype in XXXX with oncologic diseases: Initial experience and comparison with analog PET.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['DigitalTF', 'digital PET prototype with time-of-flight']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['representative lesions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: The prediction of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during resuscitation of @entity1 suffering of @entity1167 (CA) is particularly challenging. Regional cerebral @entity26 saturation (rSO2) monitoring through near-infrared spectrometry is feasible during CA and could provide guidance during resuscitation. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the value of rSO2 in predicting ROSC both after @entity580 ( @entity580 ) or out-of-hospital (OH) CA. Our search included MEDLINE (PubMed) and EMBASE, from inception until April 4th, 2015. We included studies reporting values of rSO2 at the beginning of and/or during resuscitation, according to the achievement of ROSC. RESULTS: A total of nine studies with 315 @entity1 (119 achieving ROSC, 37.7%) were included in the meta-analysis. The majority of those @entity1 had an OHCA (n=225, 71.5%; IHCA: n=90, 28.5%). There was a significant association between higher values of rSO2 and ROSC, both in the overall calculation (standardized mean difference, SMD -1.03; 95%CI -1.39,-0.67; p<0.001), and in the subgroups analyses (rSO2 at the beginning of resuscitation: SMD -0.79; 95%CI -1.29,-0.30; p=0.002; averaged rSO2 value during resuscitation: SMD -1.28; 95%CI -1.74,-0.83; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Higher initial and average regional cerebral @entity26 saturation values are both associated with greater chances of achieving ROSC in @entity1 suffering of CA. A note of caution should be made in interpreting these results due to the small number of @entity1 and the heterogeneity in study design: larger studies are needed to clinically validate cut-offs for guiding cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

title: Cerebral oximetry and return of spontaneous circulation after XXXX : A systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['IH', 'in-hospital']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The use of engineered nano-sized materials led to revolutionary developments in many industrial applications and in the medical field. These materials, however, also may cause @entity137 . In addition to size, surface properties and shape were identified as relevant parameters for cell damage. @entity131 may occur as disruption of membrane integrity, induction of apoptosis and by organelle damage. Generation of oxidative stress may serve as an indicator for @entity137 . Effects occurring upon short contact of particles with cells, for instance in the @entity1503 , could be identified according to increases of intracellular [ @entity141 ] levels, which are caused by variety of toxic stimuli. Negatively charged, neutral and positively charged @entity852 particles of different sizes were used to study the role of size and surface properties on viability, membrane disruption, apoptosis, lysosome function, intracellular [ @entity141 ] levels and generation of oxidative stress. @entity3440 particles served to test this hypothesis. Twenty nm @entity852 particles as well as 12 nm and 40 nm @entity3440 particles caused membrane damage and apoptosis with no preference of the surface charge. Only 20 nm plain and @entity4976 functionalized @entity852 particles cause oxidative stress and only the plain particles lysosomal damage. A potential role of surface charge was identified for 200 nm @entity852 particles, where only the @entity49406 particles caused lysosomal damage. Increases in intracellular [ @entity141 ] levels and @entity137 after 24 h was often linked but determination of intracellular [ @entity141 ] levels could serve to characterize further the type of membrane damage.    2015 The Authors. Journal of Applied Toxicology Published by John Wiley _ Sons Ltd.

title: Intracellular calcium levels as screening tool for nanoparticle XXXX .

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['Cell damage']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity49406 :: ('CHEBI:2634', 'Chemical') :: ['amidine']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['systemic blood circulation']

entities_list: @entity3440 :: ('MESH:D012822', 'Chemical') :: ['Silica', 'silica']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Physiological stimuli such as thrombin, or pathological stimuli such as @entity4990 ( @entity4991 ), activate platelets circulating in blood. Once activated, platelets bind to monocytes via @entity8729 - @entity4619 interactions, but also release the stored contents of their granules. These platelet releasates, in addition to direct platelet binding, activate monocytes and facilitate their recruitment to @entity731 sites. Consequently, understanding the changes platelet releasates induce in monocyte membrane proteins is critical. We studied the glyco-proteome changes of @entity1357 monocytic cells affected by @entity4991 - or thrombin-induced platelet releasates. We employed lectin affinity chromatography combined with filter aided sample preparation to improve glyco- and membrane protein coverage. Using SILAC, we quantified 1,715 proteins, including 852 membrane and 500 glycoproteins, identifying the up-regulation of multiple proteins involved in monocyte extracellular matrix binding and transendothelial migration. Flow cytometry validated expression changes of integrin a5, integrin b1, @entity2279 and @entity4619 . The observed increase in monocyte adhesion to fibronectin was determined to be mediated by the up-regulation of @entity16445 ( @entity16445 , or integrin a5b1) via a @entity8729 - @entity4619 independent mechanism. This novel aspect could be validated on @entity5750 + @entity1 primary monocytes, highlighting the benefits of the improved enrichment method regarding high membrane protein coverage and reliable quantification.

title: Quantitative Glycoproteomic Analysis identifies Platelet-induced Increase of Monocyte Adhesion via the Up-regulation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4990 :: ('MESH:C032881', 'Chemical') :: ['lysophosphatidic acid']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

answer: @entity16445 :: (3678,Gene) :: ['Very Late Antigen 5']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to present normative data from 70-year-olds on the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test ( @entity3480 ), a computerized measure of attention and response control. METHOD: 640 @entity1 (330 @entity1 and 310 @entity1 ), all aged 70  years, completed the @entity3480 , as well as the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Geriatric Depression Scale. RESULTS: Data were stratified by education and gender. Education differences were found in 11 of 22 @entity3480 scales. Minor gender differences were found in six scales for the high-education group, and two scales for the low-education group. Comparisons of healthy @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity64 , @entity583 , or @entity6 showed only minor differences. Correlations among @entity3480 scales were strong (all r   >   .34, p   <   .001), and those with the widely used Mini-Mental State Examination were weaker (all r   <   .21, p   <   .05). Skewed distributions of normative data from primary @entity3480 scales measuring response inhibition (Prudence) and inattention (Vigilance) represent a weakness of this test. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides @entity3480 norms for 70-year-olds stratified by education and gender, increasing the usability of this instrument when testing @entity1 near this age. The data presented here show some major differences from original @entity3480 norms, and explanations for these differences are discussed. Explanations include the broad age-range used in the original @entity3480 norms (66-99  years of age) and the passage of 15  years since the original norms were collected.

title: Attention in Older Adults: A Normative Study of the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test for XXXX Aged 70 Years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Persons']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sternotomy for @entity13209 ( @entity13209 ) is associated with greater morbidity than a cervical approach to thyroidectomy. We sought to identify predictors for sternotomy as a surgical approach for the removal of @entity13209 and analyzed the preoperative and postoperative characteristics of @entity1 with @entity13209 compared with those with large goiters contained entirely within the neck or a cervical @entity5651 . METHODS: A retrospective review of a surgical database was performed. We included @entity1 with large (>100  g) thyroids or @entity13209 , regardless of size. Between 1995 and 2013, 220 @entity1 met these criteria. Comparisons were made between @entity1 who had an @entity13209 and @entity1 who had a cervical @entity5651 with particular focus on those who required sternotomy. RESULTS: Of the 220 @entity1 , 127 @entity1 (58%) had @entity13209 , of whom 7 (5.5%) required sternotomy. All @entity1 who underwent sternotomy underwent preoperative computed tomography scanning and were more likely to have preoperative symptoms of chest pressure and voice complaints and have extension of the thyroid gland below the aortic arch. Sternotomy took an average of 2  hours longer than a cervical incision, was associated with significantly more @entity190 (600 versus 190  mL, P  =  0.04), and a longer length of stay (3.1 versus 1.8  d, P  =  0.03) than cervical thyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Sternotomy for @entity13209 is rare. All @entity1 necessitating sternotomy had extension below the aortic arch and were more likely to present complaining of chest pressure and voice issues.

title: XXXX : when is a sternotomy required?

entities_list: @entity13209 :: ('MESH:D006045', 'Disease') :: ['substernal goiters', 'SSG']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

answer: @entity13209 :: (MESH:D006045,Disease) :: ['Substernal goiter']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Controversy exists over optimal timing of tracheostomy in @entity1 with @entity1576 after @entity130 . The study aimed to determine whether the timing of tracheostomy affects mortality in this population. METHODS: The 2008-2011 National Trauma Data Bank was queried to identify @entity130 @entity1 without concomitant @entity542 who required tracheostomy for @entity1576 between hospital days 4 and 21. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between tracheostomy timing and the odds of inhospital mortality. The cohort was stratified based on this analysis. Unadjusted characteristics and outcomes were compared. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of tracheostomy timing on mortality after adjustment for age, gender, race, payor status, level of @entity130 center, injury severity score, presentation @entity772 scale, and @entity1514 and abdominal abbreviated injury score. RESULTS: There were 9662 @entity1 included in the study. Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between timing of tracheostomy and mortality, with higher odds of mortality occurring with tracheostomy placement within 10  d of admission compared with later time points. The cohort was therefore stratified into early and delayed tracheostomy groups relative to this time point. The resulting groups contained 5402 (55.9%) and 4260 (44.1%) @entity1 , respectively. After multivariable adjustment, the delayed tracheostomy group continued to have significantly reduced odds of mortality (Adjusted odds ratio, 0.82, 95% confidence interval, 0.71-0.95, C-statistic, 0.700). CONCLUSIONS: Among non-head injured @entity130 @entity1 with prolonged @entity1576 , tracheostomy placement within 10  d of admission may result in increased mortality compared with later time points.

title: Optimal timing of tracheostomy after @entity130 without associated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['Glasgow coma']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Controversy exists over optimal timing of tracheostomy in @entity1 with @entity1576 after @entity130 . The study aimed to determine whether the timing of tracheostomy affects mortality in this population. METHODS: The 2008-2011 National Trauma Data Bank was queried to identify @entity130 @entity1 without concomitant @entity542 who required tracheostomy for @entity1576 between hospital days 4 and 21. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between tracheostomy timing and the odds of inhospital mortality. The cohort was stratified based on this analysis. Unadjusted characteristics and outcomes were compared. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of tracheostomy timing on mortality after adjustment for age, gender, race, payor status, level of @entity130 center, injury severity score, presentation @entity772 scale, and @entity1514 and abdominal abbreviated injury score. RESULTS: There were 9662 @entity1 included in the study. Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between timing of tracheostomy and mortality, with higher odds of mortality occurring with tracheostomy placement within 10  d of admission compared with later time points. The cohort was therefore stratified into early and delayed tracheostomy groups relative to this time point. The resulting groups contained 5402 (55.9%) and 4260 (44.1%) @entity1 , respectively. After multivariable adjustment, the delayed tracheostomy group continued to have significantly reduced odds of mortality (Adjusted odds ratio, 0.82, 95% confidence interval, 0.71-0.95, C-statistic, 0.700). CONCLUSIONS: Among non-head injured @entity130 @entity1 with prolonged @entity1576 , tracheostomy placement within 10  d of admission may result in increased mortality compared with later time points.

title: Optimal timing of tracheostomy after XXXX without associated @entity542 .

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity579 bean (Vigna umbellata) root apex specifically secretes @entity3736 through expression activation of Vigna umbellata Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion 1 (VuMATE1) under @entity3775 ( @entity18839 ) stress. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating VuMATE1 expression remain unknown. We isolated and characterized a gene encoding Sensitive to Proton Rhizotoxicity1 (STOP1)-like protein, VuSTOP1, from @entity579 bean. The role of VuSTOP1 in regulating VuMATE1 expression was investigated using the @entity375 one-hybrid assay. We characterized the function of VuSTOP1 in @entity18839   - and @entity8108 -tolerance using in planta complementation assays. We demonstrated that VuSTOP1 has transactivation potential. We found that VuSTOP1 expression is inducible by @entity18839 and @entity8108 stress. However, although VuSTOP1 binds to the promoter of VuMATE1, the inconsistent tissue localization patterns of VuSTOP1 and VuMATE1 preclude VuSTOP1 as the major factor regulating VuMATE1 expression. In addition, when a protein translation inhibitor increased expression of VuSTOP1, VuMATE1 expression was inhibited. In planta complementation assay demonstrated that VuSTOP1 could fully restore expression of genes involved in @entity8108 tolerance, but could only partially restore expression of AtMATE. We conclude that VuSTOP1 plays a major role in @entity8108 tolerance, but only a minor role in @entity18839 tolerance. The differential transcriptional regulation of VuSTOP1 and VuMATE1 reveals a complex regulatory system controlling VuMATE1 expression.

title: Characterization of an inducible C2 H2 -type zinc finger transcription factor VuSTOP1 in @entity579 bean (Vigna umbellata) reveals differential regulation between low pH and XXXX tolerance mechanisms.

entities_list: @entity3775 :: ('MESH:D000535', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminum']

answer: @entity3775 :: (MESH:D000535,Chemical) :: ['aluminum']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity579 bean (Vigna umbellata) root apex specifically secretes @entity3736 through expression activation of Vigna umbellata Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion 1 (VuMATE1) under @entity3775 ( @entity18839 ) stress. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating VuMATE1 expression remain unknown. We isolated and characterized a gene encoding Sensitive to Proton Rhizotoxicity1 (STOP1)-like protein, VuSTOP1, from @entity579 bean. The role of VuSTOP1 in regulating VuMATE1 expression was investigated using the @entity375 one-hybrid assay. We characterized the function of VuSTOP1 in @entity18839   - and @entity8108 -tolerance using in planta complementation assays. We demonstrated that VuSTOP1 has transactivation potential. We found that VuSTOP1 expression is inducible by @entity18839 and @entity8108 stress. However, although VuSTOP1 binds to the promoter of VuMATE1, the inconsistent tissue localization patterns of VuSTOP1 and VuMATE1 preclude VuSTOP1 as the major factor regulating VuMATE1 expression. In addition, when a protein translation inhibitor increased expression of VuSTOP1, VuMATE1 expression was inhibited. In planta complementation assay demonstrated that VuSTOP1 could fully restore expression of genes involved in @entity8108 tolerance, but could only partially restore expression of AtMATE. We conclude that VuSTOP1 plays a major role in @entity8108 tolerance, but only a minor role in @entity18839 tolerance. The differential transcriptional regulation of VuSTOP1 and VuMATE1 reveals a complex regulatory system controlling VuMATE1 expression.

title: Characterization of an inducible C2 H2 -type zinc finger transcription factor VuSTOP1 in XXXX bean (Vigna umbellata) reveals differential regulation between low pH and @entity3775 tolerance mechanisms.

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity575 nanoparticles (AgNPs) were extensively used in various fields, particularly in medicine as an antimicrobial agent. The unavoidable and extensive usage of AgNPs in turn accumulates in the environment. Plants are the essential base of ecosystem and are ready to disturb by environmental pollutants. Therefore, in the present study, we have planned to evaluate the impact of biologically synthesized AgNPs on the essential food crop Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). The effects of AgNP-induced plant morphological and physiological changes were investigated in different concentrations (100, 250, and 500  mg/L). The results of morphological features showed that AgNPs at lower concentrations (100  mg/L) exhibit growth-stimulating activity, whereas at higher concentrations (250 and 500  mg/L), particularly, 500  mg/L exhibited growth-suppressing activities which are in terms of reduced root, shoot growth, and fresh biomass. The increased reactive @entity26 species (ROS) generation, @entity1234 production, @entity4211 biosynthesis, and decreased @entity38 content were also more obviously present at higher concentrations of AgNPs. The concentration-dependent DNA damage was observed in the AgNP-treated plants. The molecular responses of AgNPs indicate that most of the genes related to secondary metabolism ( @entity24150 , @entity4211 ) and antioxidant activities were induced at higher concentrations of AgNP treatment. The dose-dependent phytotoxicity effects of AgNPs were also observed. Taken together, the highest concentration of AgNPs (500  mg/L) could induce growth-suppressing activities via the induction of ROS generation and other molecular changes in B. rapa seedlings.

title: Impact of biologically synthesized XXXX nanoparticles on the growth and physiological responses in Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity4211 :: ('MESH:D000872', 'Chemical') :: ['anthocyanin']

entities_list: @entity24150 :: ('MESH:D005961', 'Chemical') :: ['glucosinolates']

entities_list: @entity38 :: ('MESH:D002734', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorophyll']

answer: @entity575 :: (MESH:D012834,Chemical) :: ['silver']


abstract: AIM: Fibrocystic mastosis (FCM) is defined by the totality of dystrophic changes of the mammary tissue, the grouping in the form of @entity82 of epithelial, cystic, metaplastic and hyperplastic alterations. A very good estimation of the @entity5 risk is related specifically to the microscopic aspect. Other factors, the family history as well as the presence of an inherited gene determining the increase in the risk of @entity0 are also considered. But, if a @entity1 known with @entity2416 has not undergone any biopsy, then it is impossible to calculate the specific individual risk of developing @entity5 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data collected as a study material and considered refer to: the total num- ber of cases investigated and diagnosed with @entity2416 , the annual distribution of this disease cases, the distribution of the cases according to age groups, admission reasons, clinical examination, personal pathologic history clinically significant for the basic disease (the main diagnosis), the family medical history significant for the basic disease, the anatomopathological diagnosis. RESULTS: Between 2004 and 2006, at "Cuza Vod  " Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Ia  i, a maximum number of cases is noticed in 2006, when there were 147 cases, and the lowest number of cases was in 2005. There was high frequency of the anatomopathological examinations that highlighted the presence of @entity75 (both proliferative and non-proliferative), and the second most often diagnosis is @entity1557 . Though @entity2416 is not clearly defined, it is still admitted that in order to support this diagnosis it is first compulsory to exclude @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Only in 5% of the @entity1 with @entity2416 cellular changes can be revealed in the form of @entity1373 , which are a risk factor for @entity5 . The lesion that delimits @entity5 from non- @entity5 is @entity513 in situ. An incidence of over 20% is present in the countries that use mammographic screening programmes, mammographic surveillance programmes and programmes for the guided localization of nonpalpable lesions of the mammary gland.

title: Benign breast disease and the risk of XXXX in the next 15 years.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumours', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['fibrocystic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['atypical hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['fibrocystic mastosis']

entities_list: @entity1557 :: ('MESH:D018226', 'Disease') :: ['fibroadenoma']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: The @entity267 functions as the major refractive interface for vision and protects the internal eye from insult. Current understanding of innate immune responses to @entity281 derives from a synthesis of in vitro and in vivo analyses. However, monolayer cell cultures and @entity19 models do not accurately duplicate all aspects of innate immunity in @entity1 @entity1 . Here, we describe a three-dimensional culture system that incorporates @entity1 cells and extracellular matrix to more completely simulate the @entity1 @entity267 for studies of @entity281 . @entity1 corneal stromal fibroblasts were mixed with type I collagen in 3- m pore size transwell inserts, and overlayed with Matrigel to simulate a @entity1 corneal stroma and epithelial basement membrane. These were then infected with a @entity267 -tropic adenovirus, and exposed on their inferior side to leukocytes derived from @entity1 peripheral blood. Subsequent analyses were performed with histology, confocal microscopy, ELISA, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). @entity687 , a neutrophil chemokine shown previously as the first cytokine induced in @entity281 of @entity1 corneal cells, increased upon @entity9504 of facsimiles in a dose-responsive fashion. @entity3335 -positive cells infiltrated infected corneal facsimiles in a sub-Matrigel location, possibly due to @entity687 colocalization with heparan @entity597 , a Matrigel constituent. Cellular infiltration was significantly inhibited by treatment with chemical inhibitors of p38 MAPK and Src kinase, both constituents of a signaling cascade previously suggested to regulate @entity32 after @entity9504 . FACS analysis determined that both virus and corneal fibroblasts were necessary for the induction of leukocyte migration into the facsimiles. The corneal facsimile, literally a @entity267 in a test tube, permits mechanistic studies on @entity1 tissue in a highly tractable system.

title: Novel model of innate immunity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity9504 :: ('MESH:D000257', 'Disease') :: ['adenovirus infection']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['Myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'corneal infection']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['corneal infection']


abstract: The wide-ranging field of cognition enhancing research along with its ethics as it stands today is summarized. In the forefront are potentially novel drugs and non-pharmacological treatments for @entity73 across many different @entity146 . Today's research will bring new drugs to @entity1 tomorrow, and tomorrow's research will bring new molecular targets to clinical development that should be cognitive domain-specific. There is the likelihood that special populations may be better treated and that personalized medicine for @entity73 could become a reality. It is conceivable that with the current research effort, cognition enhancing drugs will become available to wide-ranging populations of @entity1 with @entity146 and to those that are healthy. In some cultures, there is a push in society to be more intelligent or have more cognitive prowess. Thus, the ethical use of cognitive enhancing drugs should be an area of debate and communication. Neuroethics is a growing field and it intends to bring together key contributors such as physicians, disease experts, regulatory officials, and policy makers to discuss how such medicines can or should be made available. Together with this, one has to consider the possibility that no single medicine or technology will have a great impact on cognition and, therefore, combination therapy of drugs plus other approaches like exercise or transcranial direct-current stimulation may be the path forward. This is another area of scientific inquiry and debate, and the results should be fruitful and helpful to @entity1 . The science of cognition is advancing at a rapid rate, and communication of its progress along with the development of rational and ethical policies for use of @entity73 will be beneficial.

title: Closing thoughts for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive enhancers', 'cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric and neurologic indications', 'neuropsychiatric illness']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive enhancement']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal method for obtaining good blood @entity413 control in noncritically ill @entity1 undergoing peripheral vascular surgery remains a topic of debate for surgeons, endocrinologists, and others involved in the care of @entity1 with @entity3657 and @entity6 . A prospective trial was performed to evaluate the impact of routine use of a @entity413 management service (GMS) on glycemic control within 24 hours of lower-extremity revascularization (LER). METHODS: In an interrupted time-series design ( @entity4456 , 2011-April 30, 2012), surgeon-directed diabetic care (Baseline phase) to routine GMS involvement (Intervention phase) was compared following LER. GMS assumed responsibility for @entity413 management through discharge. The main outcome measure was glycemic control, assessed by (1) mean hospitalization @entity413 and (2) the percentage of recorded @entity413 values within target range. Statistical process control charts were used to assess the impact of the intervention. RESULTS: Clinically important differences in @entity1 demographics were noted between groups; the 19 @entity1 in the Intervention arm had worse @entity1095 than the 19 @entity1 in the Baseline arm (74% critical limb @entity63 versus 58%; p = .63). Routine use of GMS significantly reduced mean hospitalization @entity413 (191 mg/dL Baseline versus 150 mg/dL Intervention, p < .001). Further, the proportion of @entity413 values in target range increased (48% Baseline versus 78% Intervention, p = .05). Following removal of GMS involvement, measures of glycemic control did not significantly decrease for the 19 postintervention @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Routine involvement of GMS improved glycemic control in @entity1 undergoing LER. Future work is needed to examine the impact of improved glycemic control on clinical outcomes following LER.

title: Use of a XXXX management service improves glycemic control following vascular surgery: an interrupted time-series study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: This prospective epidemiological study of a population of hospital laboratory workers, exposed to @entity99 routinely, studied the prevalence of the presence of @entity1956 antigen and antibody (HBsAg and HBsAb, respectively) over a 26-month period among these workers. Tests of liver functions, including measurement of serum @entity3645 , were also performed. 111 were studied once and 199 employees were measured at least 2 times. Though the prevalence of antigen for @entity99 was 1.7% and that for antibody was 23.9%, the rate of @entity99 attack was only 3% per year, a percentage consistent with the expected sporadic occurrence of @entity20332 in such a population. Attempts were made to isolate risk factors. The following were determined: 1) exposure to body fluids, 2) exposure to body tissue, and 3) increasing duration of employment. Sex was not found to be a significant difference. When information on prior transfusion or attack of @entity99 was elicited from the study population, those with 1 or the other showed a much higher prevalence of Hb marker; this prevalence of marker @entity99 had occurred in the past. However, the clinical significance of a positive HB marker with or without other risk factors (including @entity167 ingestion and use of oral contraceptives) was negligible. It was found that the prevalence figures of @entity99 antibody underestimate the incidence of @entity99 . Liver function tests were routinely normal in all cases (i.e., with or without previous @entity99 or presence of antibody or marker) except where @entity99 was present. The spread of @entity99 among laboratory personnel is not considered a great public health hazard.

title: XXXX antigen and antibody and tests of liver function: a prospective study of 310 hospital laboratory workers.

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity20332 :: ('MESH:D006525', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis viral infection']

entities_list: @entity3645 :: ('MESH:D001647', 'Chemical') :: ['bile acids']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis infection', 'increased if both transfusion and hepatitis viral attack', 'acute hepatitis infection', 'hepatitis']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['Hepatitis B']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Aqueductal @entity64 volume from phase-contrast MR imaging has been proposed for predicting shunt response in normal pressure @entity1276 . However, this biomarker has remained controversial in use and has a lack of validation with invasive intracranial monitoring. We studied how @entity64 compares with intracranial pressure scores in the presurgical work-up and clinical score, ventricular volume, and aqueduct area and assessed the @entity1 's response to shunting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Phase-contrast MR imaging was performed in 21 @entity1 with probable idiopathic normal pressure @entity1276 . @entity1 were selected for shunting on the basis of pathologically @entity428 pulsatility. @entity1 with shunts were offered a second MR imaging after 12 months. Ventricular volume and transverse aqueductal area were calculated, as well as clinical symptom score. RESULTS: No correlations between @entity64 and preoperative scores of mean intracranial pressure or mean wave amplitudes were observed. Preoperative @entity64 was not different between @entity1 with shunts and conservatively treated @entity1 (P = .69) but was correlated with ventricular volume (R = 0.60, P = .004) and aqueductal area (R = 0.58, P = .006) but not with the severity or duration of clinical symptoms. After shunting, @entity64 (P = .006) and ventricular volume (P = .002) were reduced. A clinical improvement was seen in 16 of 17 @entity1 who had shunts (94%). CONCLUSIONS: Aqueductal @entity64 volume does not reflect intracranial pressure pulsatility or symptom score, but rather aqueduct area and ventricular volume. The results do not support the use of @entity64 for selecting @entity1 for shunting.

title: XXXX : Comparisons with Intracranial Pressure Scores in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'aqueductal stroke volume']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased intracranial pressure']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Aqueductal Stroke Volume']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the chondrogenic potential of platelet concentrates on @entity1 subchondral mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) as assessed by histomorphometric analysis of proteoglycans and type II collagen. Furthermore, the migratory and proliferative effect of platelet concentrates were assessed. METHODS: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was prepared using preparation kits ( @entity558 [ @entity558 ] Kit [Arthrex, Naples, FL]; Regen ACR-C Kit [Regen Lab, Le Mont-Sur-Lausanne, Switzerland]; and Dr.PRP Kit [Rmedica, Seoul, Republic of Korea]) by apheresis (PRP-A) and by centrifugation ( @entity3669 ). In contrast to clinical application, freeze-and-thaw cycles were subsequently performed to activate platelets and to prevent medium coagulation by residual fibrinogen in  vitro. MPCs were harvested from the cortico-spongious bone of femoral heads. Chondrogenic differentiation of MPCs was induced in high-density pellet cultures and evaluated by histochemical staining of typical cartilage matrix components. Migration of MPCs was assessed using a chemotaxis assay, and proliferation activity was measured by DNA content. RESULTS: MPCs cultured in the presence of 5% @entity558 , Regen, or Dr.PRP formed fibrous tissue, whereas MPCs stimulated with 5% PRP-A or @entity3669 developed compact and dense cartilaginous tissue rich in type II collagen and proteoglycans. All platelet concentrates significantly ( @entity558 , P  = .00041; Regen, P  = .00029; Dr.PRP, P  = .00051; PRP-A, P < .0001; and @entity3669 , P < .0001) stimulated migration of MPCs. All platelet concentrates but one (Dr.PRP, P  = .63) showed a proliferative effect on MPCs, as shown by significant increases ( @entity558 , P  = .027; Regen, P  = .0029; PRP-A, P  = .00021; and @entity3669 , P  = .00069) in DNA content. CONCLUSIONS: Platelet concentrates obtained by different preparation methods exhibit different potentials to stimulate chondrogenic differentiation, migration, and proliferation of MPCs. Platelet concentrates obtained by commercially available preparation kits failed to induce chondrogenic differentiation of MPCs, whereas highly standardized PRP preparations did induce such differentiation. These findings suggest differing outcomes with PRP treatment in stem cell-based cartilage repair. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our findings may help to explain the variability of results in studies examining the use of PRP clinically.

title: Platelet-Rich Plasma Preparation Types Show Impact on Chondrogenic Differentiation, Migration, and Proliferation of XXXX Subchondral Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['Autologous Conditioned Plasma', 'ACP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Recognition of different genetic variants underlying development of @entity170 would make it possible to administer individual symptomatic treatment as well as early prophylactics of @entity170 . The aim of the study was to evaluate frequency of polymorphism 326A/T of gene @entity37462 and assessment of its relations with the clinical parameters of osseous turnover and degree of @entity170 . METHODS: The study included 800 @entity1 at the postmenopausal (505) and reproductive (295) age throughout Wielkopolska region in Poland. The postmenopausal group included @entity1 with @entity170 and @entity2331 and the healthy ones. @entity1 at the reproductive age were healthy. Frequency of the tested gene polymorphism was evaluated in the group where @entity1555 was marked and in the control group. RESULTS: The analysis of the polymorphism @entity71835 of gene @entity37462 showed that in healthy postmenopausal female with genotype @entity5066 birth weight, @entity1555 L2-L4 YA (%) and @entity1555 L2-L4 AM (%) were significantly higher ( @entity1555 -bone mineral density; L2-L4-- lumbar vertebrae no 2, 4; YA--peak adult bone mass; AM--age-matched bone mass). In @entity1 with @entity1555 L2-L4 YA (%) and @entity1555 L2-L4 AM (%) were significantly higher in @entity1 with genotype @entity5066 , but @entity1555 L2-L4 was significantly higher in @entity1 with genotype TT. In @entity1 with @entity170 with genotype @entity5066 T-score was significantly higher, but @entity1555 L2-L4 and @entity1555 L2-L4 YA (%) were significantly lower in this group. @entity1555 L2-L4 AM (%) was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity5066 genotype. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity170 and @entity2331 homozygous @entity5066 genotype may predispose to lower @entity1555 in the lumbar spine.

title: XXXX Polymorphism and its Relations to Bone Mineral Density in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia BMD', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

answer: @entity37462 :: (55600,Gene) :: ['Omentin']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Recognition of different genetic variants underlying development of @entity170 would make it possible to administer individual symptomatic treatment as well as early prophylactics of @entity170 . The aim of the study was to evaluate frequency of polymorphism 326A/T of gene @entity37462 and assessment of its relations with the clinical parameters of osseous turnover and degree of @entity170 . METHODS: The study included 800 @entity1 at the postmenopausal (505) and reproductive (295) age throughout Wielkopolska region in Poland. The postmenopausal group included @entity1 with @entity170 and @entity2331 and the healthy ones. @entity1 at the reproductive age were healthy. Frequency of the tested gene polymorphism was evaluated in the group where @entity1555 was marked and in the control group. RESULTS: The analysis of the polymorphism @entity71835 of gene @entity37462 showed that in healthy postmenopausal female with genotype @entity5066 birth weight, @entity1555 L2-L4 YA (%) and @entity1555 L2-L4 AM (%) were significantly higher ( @entity1555 -bone mineral density; L2-L4-- lumbar vertebrae no 2, 4; YA--peak adult bone mass; AM--age-matched bone mass). In @entity1 with @entity1555 L2-L4 YA (%) and @entity1555 L2-L4 AM (%) were significantly higher in @entity1 with genotype @entity5066 , but @entity1555 L2-L4 was significantly higher in @entity1 with genotype TT. In @entity1 with @entity170 with genotype @entity5066 T-score was significantly higher, but @entity1555 L2-L4 and @entity1555 L2-L4 YA (%) were significantly lower in this group. @entity1555 L2-L4 AM (%) was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity5066 genotype. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity170 and @entity2331 homozygous @entity5066 genotype may predispose to lower @entity1555 in the lumbar spine.

title: @entity37462 Polymorphism and its Relations to Bone Mineral Density in XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']