abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5028 is known to be a major cause of pregnancy complications, such as @entity393 , @entity1468 , and @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ). Inadequate remodeling of the spiral arteries resulting in decreased blood flowto the placenta has been implicated in the pathophysiology of @entity1468 and @entity1592 . 3D power Doppler angiography (PDA) is a noninvasive and safe way to study blood flow within an organ or region of interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate PDA as a method to quantify placental perfusion in a pharmacological @entity95 model of vascular @entity1592 induced by inhibition of NO synthesis. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to evaluate the 3D power Doppler angiography (PDA) in terms of feasibility and ability to detect placental hypo-perfusion in an experimental @entity95 model of @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ). METHODS: Fourteen pregnant females were treated with @entity6462 ( @entity6462 ), a @entity842 synthase inhibitor, from day 24 to day 28 of gestation, to induce an @entity1592 . Concomitantly, 8 pregnant @entity95 were used as controls. On day 28, 3D power Doppler indices were quantified in each uteroplacental unit. RESULTS: A total number of 180 live fetuses were obtained, 180 from the @entity6462 group and 72 from the control group. G28 fetal weight was significantly lower in the @entity6462 group than in the control group (27.40  0.55g vs 33.14  0.62g,p<0.0001). In the @entity6462 group the vascularization index (VI) was significantly lower than in the control group (2.6 [1.4;6.0] vs 7.6 [3.5;12.6],p<0.05). Similar results were obtained for the Flow Index (FI) and the Vascularization Flow Index (VFI). The number of fetuses considered as small for gestational age (SGA;weight<10th centile) was significantly higher in the @entity6462 group than in the control group (47/108 vs 7/72,p<0.0001). The VI was significantly lower in the SGA group than in the eutrophic group (3.46 [0.46;5.9] vs 7.50 [4.22;10.9] p<0.05). Similar results were obtained for FI and VFI. CONCLUSIONS: This experiment study demonstrates that quantitative 3D PDA indices are sensitive enough to detect placental @entity5327 in an experimental model of @entity1592 .

title: OS047. Quantification of placental vascularization in a XXXX model ofIUGR with three-dimensional power doppler angiography.

entities_list: @entity5028 :: ('MESH:D010922', 'Disease') :: ['Placental dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['IUGR', 'intrauterine growth restriction']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['perinatal loss']

entities_list: @entity6462 :: ('D019331', 'Chemical') :: ['L-Name', 'NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester', 'L-NAME']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['vascular insufficiency']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previously preeclamptic @entity1 may express @entity73 , which have largely been ignored or attributed to the stresses of a complicated pregnancy. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the scope of neurocognitive and @entity2673 following @entity1468 . METHODS: Through website promotion and a mass e-mail members of the USA-based Preeclampsia Foundation who experienced @entity1468 in the past 20 years were invited to complete a web-based survey, consisting of a questionnaire about current and past medical health, the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), the abbreviated WHO Quality Of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and the Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ). @entity1 were stimulated to ask a friend who had a normotensive pregnancy to complete the survey as well (controls). @entity1 with current or past neurological conditions were excluded. Analysis was performed using Mann Whitney U test and linear regression. RESULTS: 966 cases and 342 controls were included. Median age was 34, median time since first pregnancy 4 and 5 years respectively. Cases scored significantly worse on all three questionnaires, and more often underwent @entity146 therapy, currently or in the past. There was a significant effect of @entity2704 on all questionnaires and of @entity3036 on CFQ score. Cronbach's alphas were >0.7, indicating good internal consistency of the questionnaires. Results are expressed as median (range) or number (percentage) (   )p<.001. CONCLUSION: Previously preeclamptic @entity1 report more @entity73 , and worse quality of life compared to @entity1 who had normotensive pregnancies. Health care providers and @entity1 should be aware of this so that affected @entity1 may receive recognition, psychological care and escape from the ignorance of their environment. Our findings may stimulate research relating to the origin and management of these important issues.

title: OS101. The brain study: cognition, quality of life and social functioning following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive and social problems', 'cognitive difficulties']

entities_list: @entity2673 :: ('MESH:C535569', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial problems']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity28 is associated with mobility reduction due to mechanical factors and excessive body fat. The six-minute walk test (6MWT) has been used to assess functional capacity in severe @entity28 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of BMI, @entity1347 with distance walked (6MWD) during the six-minute walk test (6MWT) according to gender and @entity28 grade. SETTING: University of S  o Paulo Medical School, Brazil; Public Practice. METHODS: Functional capacity was assessed by 6MWD and body composition (%) by bioelectrical impedance analysis in 90 @entity1 . RESULTS: The mean 6MWD was 514.9    50.3 m for both genders. The male group (M: 545.2    46.9 m) showed a 6MWD higher (p = 0.002) than the female group (F: 505.6    47.9 m). The morbid obese group (MO: 524.7    44.0 m) also showed a 6MWD higher (p = 0.014) than the super obese group (SO: 494.2    57.0 m). There was a positive relationship between 6MWD and @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ), @entity1386 of upper limps (FFM_UL), trunk (FFM_TR) and lower limbs (FFM_LL). Female group presented a positive relationship between 6MWD and @entity1386 , FFM_UL and FFM_LL and male group presented a positive relationship between 6MWD and FFM_TR. In morbid obese group there was a positive relationship between 6MWD with @entity1386 , FFM_UL, FFM_TR and FFM_LL. The super obese group presented a positive relationship between 6MWD with @entity1386 , FFM_TR and FFM_LL. CONCLUSIONS: Total and segmental @entity1386 is associated with a better walking capacity than BMI.

title: Correlation between Body Composition and Walking Capacity in Severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['total and segmental body composition']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['FFM', 'fat free mass']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) for astronauts in space (68%) is higher than the 1-mo prevalence for the general population on Earth (39%). It is unclear whether differences occur between healthy subjects and astronauts with a history of @entity1643 . Knowledge of this issue is important to assess whether a history of @entity1643 could have an operational impact. METHODS: We evaluated @entity1643 prospectively during short duration spaceflight (15 d; N = 20) and compared this with similar data collected during two bed rest studies (N = 40). Astronauts completed a questionnaire 5-10 d preflight, during each flight day, and 5-10 d postflight. RESULTS: All astronauts with a history of @entity1643 also developed @entity1643 in flight. These astronauts reported a significantly longer duration of @entity1643 and a different @entity158 location. @entity1643 was most often experienced in the central area of the lower back during spaceflight with an incidence of 70% and a mean @entity158 level of 3 (on a scale of 0-10). @entity158 resolved within 10 d of flight. No neurological signs were present. The most frequently reported countermeasure was assuming a "knees to chest (fetal tuck) position" combined with stretching. Greater @entity1643 intensity was reported in spaceflight than bed rest with a trend indicating a greater number of days of @entity158 during spaceflight. DISCUSSION: The current study represents a prospective study of @entity1643 in spaceflight. The results indicate that @entity1643 is self-limiting in spaceflight and should not pose an operational risk. Prior @entity1643 on Earth appears to be a risk factor for @entity1643 in spaceflight. Pool-Goudzwaard AL, Belav   DL, Hides JA, Richardson CA, Snijders CJ. @entity1643 in microgravity and bed rest studies. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2015; 86(6):541-547.

title: Low Back XXXX in Microgravity and Bed Rest Studies.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['Low back pain', 'low back pain', 'LBP']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to establish a @entity162 biobank to serve as a resource for clinical and biomarker studies of disease risk and treatment response. Here, we describe the aims, design, infrastructure, and research uses of the biobank, along with demographics and clinical features of the first @entity1 enrolled. METHODS: @entity1 were recruited for the Mayo Clinic Bipolar Biobank beginning in July 2009. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV was used to confirm @entity162 . The Bipolar Biobank Clinical Questionnaire and @entity1 Questionnaire were designed to collect detailed demographic and clinical data, including clinical @entity221 measures that would delineate differential phenotypes for subsequent analyses. Blood specimens were obtained from @entity1 , and various aliquots were stored for future research. RESULTS: As of September 2014, 1363 @entity1 have been enrolled in the bipolar biobank. Among these first @entity1 , 69.0  % had a diagnosis of @entity162 type I. The group was 60.2  % @entity1 and predominantly white (90.6  %), with a mean (SD) age of 42.6 (14.9) years. Clinical phenotypes of the group included history of @entity716 (42.3  %), suicide attempt (32.5  %), addiction to @entity285 (39.1  %), addiction to @entity1239 (39.8  %), @entity28 (42.9  %), @entity9022 -induced @entity162 (31.7  %), @entity910 (3.2  %), and history of drug-related serious @entity1910 (5.7  %). CONCLUSIONS: Quantifying phenotypic patterns of illness beyond bipolar subtype can provide more detailed clinical disease characteristics for biomarker research, including genomic-risk studies. Future research can harness clinically useful biomarkers using state-of-the-art research technology to help stage disease burden and better individualize treatment selection for @entity1 with @entity162 .

title: Development of a XXXX biobank: differential phenotyping for subsequent biomarker analyses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participant']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'mania', 'bipolar diagnosis']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['tardive dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity9022 :: ('D000928', 'Chemical') :: ['antidepressant']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['course of illness']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: Seventy-six cases of @entity957 of the supraglottic larynx treated by radiotherapy exclusively and followed for at least 3 years are reported. High doses, close to the maximum tolerable, were used with the shrinking field technique with no attempt at prophylactic whole neck irradiation. T1 and T2 cases represented 40% of the whole group and 40% of the @entity1 presented clinically positive @entity135 . This latter group had a significantly lower cure rate (42.8%) than the N0 @entity1 (88.3%). Disease control depended also on the T stage: all 30 T1 and T2 lesions, 18/22 (81.8%) of the T3, and 6/17 (35.3%) of the T4 lesions were controlled. Cord fixation and early cartilage destruction were not a major obstacle for @entity5 control. Base of tongue involvement and especially the T4 and N3 association were indications of poor prognosis. Adenopathies smaller than 3 cm were controlled in 14/16 cases while nodes greater than or equal to 3 cm were controlled in 5/11 cases. Failures in neck nodes outside the treatment field were encountered in 7% of the cases but as the sole element of failure they represented 5.6%. Absolute survival at 3 years was 69.7% for the whole series while loco-regional control was 74.6%. No @entity1 was salvaged by surgery. Three loco-regional recurrences occurred 3 years after the treatment. Although no lethal complications were encountered severe late reactions were noted in about 20% of the @entity1 with controlled @entity75 , requiring tracheostomy in 4 cases (7%). Treatment guidelines are suggested: T1, T2, _ T3 lesions associated with @entity3018 smaller than 3 cm should be treated by radiotherapy. Limited extra laryngeal extension especially to cartilage can still be controlled by irradiation. More advanced cases, especially the subcategory of T4 N3 @entity1 , should have a multidisciplinary approach. After high doses of irradiation only limited surgery is permissible.

title: XXXX of the supraglottic larynx treated by radiotherapy exclusively.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['neck disease']

entities_list: @entity3018 :: ('MESH:D009377', 'Disease') :: ['adenopathy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: Sufficient antigen retention in joint structures is a prerequisite for sustained antigen-induced @entity625 . In this in vitro study we investigated the retention of native and charge-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) with patellar cartilage of different species ( @entity19 , @entity35 , @entity95 , and @entity1 ). Association of BSA with cartilage due to charge of the protein with that due to immune complex formation was compared. Using radiolabeled proteins we showed quantitatively that the retention of highly positively charged BSA is considerably higher (200-500 times) than retention of the anionic BSA in all cartilage species examined. @entity19 , @entity35 , and @entity1 cartilage bind more protein per mg dry weight, compared to @entity95 cartilage. No clear-cut relation was found with the glycosaminoglycans (GAG) contents. Retention of native BSA by anti-BSA antibodies was low in the dense hyaline patellar cartilage in all species. Enhanced immune-complex formation was found in marginal regions of @entity95 patellar cartilage, consisting of fibrous-like cartilage. Localization studies by autoradiography showed that cationic BSA penetrates deeply into the cartilage matrix. Even in a thick cartilage specimen, such as @entity95 cartilage, very deep penetration into the calcified zone was demonstrated. This study indicates that binding and deep penetration of cationized protein in cartilage is not restricted to @entity19 specimen, as had been found previously, but is a general phenomenon.

title: Electrical charge of a protein determines penetration and localization in hyaline articular cartilage. Quantitative and autoradiographic studies on cartilage of different species, including XXXX .

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: Daily doses of ENU (25-100 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally into ICR strain male @entity19 for 5 days. The males were mated to untreated virgin females of the same strain on days 1-16 and 64-80 after the last dose. Copulations during these periods involve, respectively, treated postmeiotic cells and spermatogonial stem cells. The uterine contents were examined on day 18 of pregnancy for evidence of dominant lethal effects. The fetuses were examined for external and @entity853 . ENU treatment of either postmeiotic cells or spermatogonial stem cells caused dose-dependent significant increases in the incidence of abnormal fetuses over the control level. The induction rate per live fetus per unit dose in mg/kg by treating spermatogonial stem cells was estimated to be 1.0 X 10(-4), which is 3-fold lower than the rate previously estimated for the same endpoint at the same germ cell stage with @entity7045 . @entity2419 was the most frequent external abnormality in the ENU-treated and the control series. Malformed vertebrae was the most frequent @entity853 in the treated series. Rib fusion was the only @entity600 seen in the control series. Dominant lethals were clearly induced when germ cells were treated as postmeiotic cells.

title: Congenital defects in the offspring of male XXXX treated with ethylnitrosourea.

entities_list: @entity853 :: ('MESH:D009139', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal abnormalities', 'skeletal abnormality']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal malformation']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['Cleft palate']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this retrospective study was to correlate the significance and accuracy of the colour of nipple discharge and breast ultrasound imaging in the diagnosis of @entity15779 . METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 34 @entity1 who underwent 36 microdochectomies in Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in the Sultanate of Oman, over a 4 year period of January 2009 till December 2012. The confounders considered were @entity1 age, physical examination findings, nipple discharge cytology result, ultrasound results and biopsy report following microdochectomy. Comparisons analysis, charts and graphs were made using the SPSS software (version 20). RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 44(27-73) years old. Twenty-seven out 36 (75%) @entity1 had presented with nipple discharge, 14 out 27 (52%) had blood stained nipple discharge and 13(48%) with coloured discharge (yellow, brown and green), 9 @entity1 had no discharge. The final histopathology showed @entity15779 13 (36%), duct ectasia 18(50%), DCIS 1 (2.7%), @entity3923 3(8.3%) and LCIS 1(2.7%). Thirteen out of 36 had @entity15779 on final histopathology. The correlation between blood stained discharge and final histopathology of @entity15779 was insignificant (p=0.44). CONCLUSION: Nipple discharge is irrelevant to the diagnosis of @entity15779 . Spontaneous nipple discharge regardless of color is to be referred to breast surgeon and to be assessed with triple assessment. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment.

title: Diagnostic dilemmas in XXXX of the breast - Experience at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in the Sultanate of Oman.

entities_list: @entity3923 :: ('MESH:D005348', 'Disease') :: ['fibrocystic disease']

entities_list: @entity15779 :: ('MESH:D018300', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal papilloma']

answer: @entity15779 :: (MESH:D018300,Disease) :: ['Intraductal papillomas']


abstract: Drugs are a significant cause of @entity99 . @entity99 ( @entity99 ) can cause acute @entity99 , @entity1448 , or a mixed pattern. @entity2756 is a commonly used antibiotic and has been associated with reversible @entity253 , pseudolithiasis, and @entity1448 . A 32-year-old male with @entity3458 was admitted to the hospital for acute sickle cell crisis. On the second day of hospitalization, he developed cough and rhonchi with chest X-ray revealing right middle lobe infiltrates. @entity2756 and @entity4580 were initiated. Subsequently, he developed conjugated @entity3638 and mild transaminitis. His total @entity648 trended upwards from 3.3   mg/dL on admission to 17   mg/dL. It was predominantly conjugated @entity648 , with preadmission @entity648 levels of 3-4   mg/dL. His transaminases were mildly elevated as well compared to previous levels. Extensive workup for @entity648 elevation was unremarkable. @entity2756 was switched to @entity5553 and the @entity3638 improved. On ambulatory follow-up, his @entity648 remained below 4   mg/dL. @entity2756 may be associated with marked direct @entity3638 particularly in sickle cell @entity1 with chronic liver chemistry abnormalities. In the case of elevated @entity648 with concomitant @entity2756 use, elimination of the offending agent should be considered.

title: Marked Direct @entity3638 due to XXXX in an Adult with @entity3458 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['Ceftriaxone', 'ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin']

entities_list: @entity5553 :: ('D064704', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary sludge']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Drug-induced liver injury', 'liver injury', 'hepatitis', 'DILI']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

answer: @entity2756 :: (MESH:D002443,Chemical) :: ['Ceftriaxone']


abstract: Drugs are a significant cause of @entity99 . @entity99 ( @entity99 ) can cause acute @entity99 , @entity1448 , or a mixed pattern. @entity2756 is a commonly used antibiotic and has been associated with reversible @entity253 , pseudolithiasis, and @entity1448 . A 32-year-old male with @entity3458 was admitted to the hospital for acute sickle cell crisis. On the second day of hospitalization, he developed cough and rhonchi with chest X-ray revealing right middle lobe infiltrates. @entity2756 and @entity4580 were initiated. Subsequently, he developed conjugated @entity3638 and mild transaminitis. His total @entity648 trended upwards from 3.3   mg/dL on admission to 17   mg/dL. It was predominantly conjugated @entity648 , with preadmission @entity648 levels of 3-4   mg/dL. His transaminases were mildly elevated as well compared to previous levels. Extensive workup for @entity648 elevation was unremarkable. @entity2756 was switched to @entity5553 and the @entity3638 improved. On ambulatory follow-up, his @entity648 remained below 4   mg/dL. @entity2756 may be associated with marked direct @entity3638 particularly in sickle cell @entity1 with chronic liver chemistry abnormalities. In the case of elevated @entity648 with concomitant @entity2756 use, elimination of the offending agent should be considered.

title: Marked Direct XXXX due to @entity2756 in an Adult with @entity3458 .

answer: @entity3638 :: (MESH:D006932,Disease) :: ['Hyperbilirubinemia']


abstract: Drugs are a significant cause of @entity99 . @entity99 ( @entity99 ) can cause acute @entity99 , @entity1448 , or a mixed pattern. @entity2756 is a commonly used antibiotic and has been associated with reversible @entity253 , pseudolithiasis, and @entity1448 . A 32-year-old male with @entity3458 was admitted to the hospital for acute sickle cell crisis. On the second day of hospitalization, he developed cough and rhonchi with chest X-ray revealing right middle lobe infiltrates. @entity2756 and @entity4580 were initiated. Subsequently, he developed conjugated @entity3638 and mild transaminitis. His total @entity648 trended upwards from 3.3   mg/dL on admission to 17   mg/dL. It was predominantly conjugated @entity648 , with preadmission @entity648 levels of 3-4   mg/dL. His transaminases were mildly elevated as well compared to previous levels. Extensive workup for @entity648 elevation was unremarkable. @entity2756 was switched to @entity5553 and the @entity3638 improved. On ambulatory follow-up, his @entity648 remained below 4   mg/dL. @entity2756 may be associated with marked direct @entity3638 particularly in sickle cell @entity1 with chronic liver chemistry abnormalities. In the case of elevated @entity648 with concomitant @entity2756 use, elimination of the offending agent should be considered.

title: Marked Direct @entity3638 due to @entity2756 in an Adult with XXXX .

answer: @entity3458 :: (MESH:D000755,Disease) :: ['Sickle Cell Disease']


abstract: Two hundred and fifty-five neonates, @entity1 and @entity1 , from 45 hospitals, who were receiving @entity2755 therapy for serious infections were the subject of this study. Samples of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were assayed for @entity2755 and the @entity1 ' treatment regimens analysed. Less than 50% of neonates and 25% of @entity1 received the "recommended" dose of @entity2755 . In older @entity1 the recommended dose was used. Only 34% babies under 1 year of age and 50% older children had serum concentrations within the therapeutic range (15-25 mg/l). Thirty-one percent of neonates and @entity1 had potentially toxic serum concentrations. Forty-three percent of neonates receiving @entity2755 every 6 h had subtherapeutic peak serum levels compared to 20% of those receiving the antibiotic every 12 h. Concomitant administration of @entity109 or @entity3174 had no effect on mean serum @entity2755 levels. Serum concentrations of @entity2755 were significantly higher in @entity1 also receiving @entity114 . CSF levels in 77 samples (39 @entity1 ) ranged from 1-60 mg/l. CSF from 44% @entity1 contained less than 4 mg/l. Twelve neonates and @entity1 (5.5%) suffered toxic side effects, four died. A further eight babies received an accidental 2- to 10-fold @entity1445 and in three others an @entity1445 was assumed following assay. No @entity1445 or toxic effects were reported in @entity1 over 1 year of age. Eight @entity1 with @entity8 had elevated serum levels and three showed toxic effects. In 22% @entity1 dosage regimens were altered following assay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX in paediatrics: current prescribing practice and the need to monitor.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbitone']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity1445 :: ('MESH:D062787', 'Disease') :: ['overdoses', 'overdose']

answer: @entity2755 :: (MESH:D002701,Chemical) :: ['Chloramphenicol']


abstract: @entity242 of the pelvic girdle represent difficult treatment problems. Many are not treatable for cure, and among the @entity1 who are technically resectable, there is high risk for @entity5 recurrence and distant spread. Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) has been used in conjunction with surgical resection in five @entity1 with extensive @entity242 of the pelvic girdle. @entity1 underwent a hemipelvectomy and IORT (dose 20-30 Gy) to the sacral resection margin and surrounding soft tissues. Three @entity1 developed pulmonary @entity3 within 3 months and eventually died from metastatic disease (8-38 months). Two @entity1 have remained disease-free (43 and 53 months). Four @entity1 (80%) have remained locally free of @entity5 with follow-ups of 8-53 months. The only treatment complication was late @entity2530 of the coccyx which appeared 7 months after treatment. By contrast, six historical control @entity1 with @entity242 of the pelvic girdle treated with resection alone showed a local control rate of only 27% over a 40-month follow-up. On the basis of this preliminary experience, it appears that IORT may substantially help to control @entity66 in @entity1 with grossly resectable @entity242 of the bony pelvis.

title: Surgery with intraoperative radiotherapy for XXXX of the pelvic girdle: a pilot experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas', 'Sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'local tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: AIM: This study compared the operative outcome and long-term survival of three types of hand-sewn @entity254 ( @entity254 ) for @entity5 . METHOD: @entity1 presenting with @entity5 at a single centre between 2006 and 2014 were classified into three types of hand-sewn @entity254 : type 1 (supra-anal @entity5 undergoing transabdominal division of the rectum with transanal mucosectomy); type 2 (juxta-anal @entity5 , undergoing partial intersphincteric resection); and type 3 (intra-anal @entity5 , undergoing near-total intersphincteric resection with transanal mesorectal excision). RESULTS: Seventy-one @entity1 with @entity5 underwent @entity254 : 17 type 1; 39 type 2; and 15 type 3. The median age of @entity1 was 61.6  years, with a male/female ratio of 2:1. Neoadjuvant therapy was given to 56 (79%) @entity1 . R0 resection was achieved in 69 (97.2%) @entity1 . Adverse events occurred in 25 (35.2%) of the 71 @entity1 with a higher complication rate in type 1 vs type 2 vs type 3 (47.1% vs 38.5% vs 13.3%, respectively; P  =  0.035). @entity834 was identified in six (8.5%) @entity1 and pelvic haematoma/ @entity2080 in five (7%); two (8.3%) female @entity1 developed a @entity12478 . Ten (14.1%) @entity1 were indefinitely diverted, with a trend towards higher long-term anastomotic failure in type 1 vs type 2 vs type 3 (17.6% vs 15.5% vs 6.7%). The type of @entity254 did not influence the overall or disease-free survival. CONCLUSION: @entity254 is a safe technique in which anorectal continuity can be preserved either as a primary restorative option in elective cases of @entity5 or as a salvage procedure following a failed stapled @entity254 with a less successful outcome in the latter. @entity254 has acceptable morbidity with good long-term survival in carefully selected @entity1 .

title: Hand-sewn XXXX for @entity5 : technique and long-term outcome.

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['Anastomotic separation']

entities_list: @entity12478 :: ('MESH:D014624', 'Disease') :: ['recto-vaginal fistula']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['low rectal cancer', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['CAA', 'anastomosis', 'coloanal anastomosis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['coloanal anastomosis']


abstract: AIM: This study compared the operative outcome and long-term survival of three types of hand-sewn @entity254 ( @entity254 ) for @entity5 . METHOD: @entity1 presenting with @entity5 at a single centre between 2006 and 2014 were classified into three types of hand-sewn @entity254 : type 1 (supra-anal @entity5 undergoing transabdominal division of the rectum with transanal mucosectomy); type 2 (juxta-anal @entity5 , undergoing partial intersphincteric resection); and type 3 (intra-anal @entity5 , undergoing near-total intersphincteric resection with transanal mesorectal excision). RESULTS: Seventy-one @entity1 with @entity5 underwent @entity254 : 17 type 1; 39 type 2; and 15 type 3. The median age of @entity1 was 61.6  years, with a male/female ratio of 2:1. Neoadjuvant therapy was given to 56 (79%) @entity1 . R0 resection was achieved in 69 (97.2%) @entity1 . Adverse events occurred in 25 (35.2%) of the 71 @entity1 with a higher complication rate in type 1 vs type 2 vs type 3 (47.1% vs 38.5% vs 13.3%, respectively; P  =  0.035). @entity834 was identified in six (8.5%) @entity1 and pelvic haematoma/ @entity2080 in five (7%); two (8.3%) female @entity1 developed a @entity12478 . Ten (14.1%) @entity1 were indefinitely diverted, with a trend towards higher long-term anastomotic failure in type 1 vs type 2 vs type 3 (17.6% vs 15.5% vs 6.7%). The type of @entity254 did not influence the overall or disease-free survival. CONCLUSION: @entity254 is a safe technique in which anorectal continuity can be preserved either as a primary restorative option in elective cases of @entity5 or as a salvage procedure following a failed stapled @entity254 with a less successful outcome in the latter. @entity254 has acceptable morbidity with good long-term survival in carefully selected @entity1 .

title: Hand-sewn @entity254 for XXXX : technique and long-term outcome.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['low rectal cancer']


abstract: Life cycle adaptation to seasonal variation in photoperiod and temperature is a major determinant of ecological success of widespread domestication of @entity958 . The circadian clock plays a role in the underlying mechanism for adaptation. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which the circadian clock tracks seasonal changes in photoperiod and temperature is a longstanding subject of research in the field. We previously showed that a set of the target genes (i.e. GI, LNK1. @entity66262 and @entity66261 ) of the Evening Complex (EC) consisting of LUX- @entity59376 - @entity71159 is synergistically induced in response to both warm-night and night-light signals. Here, we further show that the responses occur within a wide range of growth-compatible temperatures (16-28  C) in response to a small change in temperature (/\4  C). A dim light pulse (<1   mol m(-2) s(-1)) causes the enhanced effect on the transcription of EC targets. The night-light pulse antagonizes against a positive effect of the cool-night signal on the EC activity. The mechanism of double-checking external temperature and light signals through the EC nighttime repressor might enable plants to ignore (or tolerate) daily fluctuation of ambient temperature within a short time interval in their natural habitats. Taken together, the EC night-time repressor might play a physiological role in tracking seasonal variation in photoperiod and temperature by conservatively double-checking both the light and temperature conditions. Another EC target output gene @entity14979 regulating plant morphologies is also regulated by both the temperature and light stimuli during the night. Hence, the EC night-time repressor is also implicated in a physiological output of the @entity14979 -mediated regulation of morphologies in response to seasonal variation in photoperiod and ambient temperature.

title: Insight into a Physiological Role for the EC Night-Time Repressor in the XXXX Circadian Clock.

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: Previous investigators have shown evidence of hormonal receptor protein in @entity1 @entity1313 . In spite of conflicting results, antiestrogen agents (e.g., @entity440 ) have been used in clinical trials of recurrent unresectable @entity1653 . In an effort to accrue further comprehensive in vitro data on this subject, we have evaluated 50 @entity1 brain and @entity5 for @entity172 , @entity1420 , and @entity342 receptor markers. Twenty-nine of the 50 @entity5 were @entity1653 . The other 21 included 11 @entity11 of various grades, 5 @entity808 , 3 metastatic @entity189 , 1 @entity18871 , and 1 @entity976 . Only 8 @entity5 , all @entity1653 , were positive for both @entity1420 and @entity342 receptors. The 8th @entity5 was positive for all three receptor proteins. Our study did not find a significant relationship between @entity1653 and the presence of @entity134 receptor protein. We conclude that the use of antiestrogen agents is not indicated in the treatment of @entity1653 . No significant relationship to sex, menopausal status, @entity5 type, or @entity5 location was observed.

title: XXXX receptors in @entity1 brain and spinal cord tumors.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'spinal tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity18871 :: ('MESH:D018322', 'Disease') :: ['angiofibroma']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity976 :: ('MESH:D003397', 'Disease') :: ['craniopharyngioma']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['Steroid']


abstract: Previous investigators have shown evidence of hormonal receptor protein in @entity1 @entity1313 . In spite of conflicting results, antiestrogen agents (e.g., @entity440 ) have been used in clinical trials of recurrent unresectable @entity1653 . In an effort to accrue further comprehensive in vitro data on this subject, we have evaluated 50 @entity1 brain and @entity5 for @entity172 , @entity1420 , and @entity342 receptor markers. Twenty-nine of the 50 @entity5 were @entity1653 . The other 21 included 11 @entity11 of various grades, 5 @entity808 , 3 metastatic @entity189 , 1 @entity18871 , and 1 @entity976 . Only 8 @entity5 , all @entity1653 , were positive for both @entity1420 and @entity342 receptors. The 8th @entity5 was positive for all three receptor proteins. Our study did not find a significant relationship between @entity1653 and the presence of @entity134 receptor protein. We conclude that the use of antiestrogen agents is not indicated in the treatment of @entity1653 . No significant relationship to sex, menopausal status, @entity5 type, or @entity5 location was observed.

title: @entity134 receptors in XXXX brain and spinal cord tumors.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Decompressive craniectomy has been widely used in head @entity130 @entity1 . The randomized clinical trial on an early decompression (DECRA) demonstrated that craniectomy did not improve the neurological outcome, in contrast to previous animal experiments. The goal of our study was to analyze the effect of decompressive craniectomy in a @entity19 model of @entity542 . Male @entity19 were assigned into the following groups: sham, decompressive craniectomy, @entity6075 ( @entity6075 ) and @entity6075 followed by craniectomy. At 24h posttrauma animals were subjected to Neurological Severity Score test (NSS) and Beam Balance Score test (BBS). At the same time point magnetic resonance imaging was performed and volume of @entity4 and @entity2981 was assessed, followed by histopathological analysis. According to NSS, animals subjected to both @entity130 and craniectomy presented the most severe @entity16 . Also balancing time was reduced in this group compared to sham animals. Both @entity4 and @entity2981 volume was increased in @entity130 and craniectomy group compared to sham animals. Histopathological analysis showed that all animals subjected to @entity130 presented substantial neuronal loss. In animals treated with craniectomy after @entity130 , a massive increase of @entity4 with @entity548 was documented. Decompressive craniectomy applied after @entity6075 in @entity19 leads to additional @entity2383 . The surgical decompression via craniectomy promotes @entity2657 formation and contusional blossoming in our model. This additive effect of combined mechanical and surgical @entity130 may explain the results of DECRA trial and should be further explored in experiments.

title: Decompressive Craniectomy increases Brain Lesion Volume and exacerbates Functional Impairment in XXXX in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['brain edema']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic transformation of contusion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity6075 :: ('MESH:D016489', 'Disease') :: ['closed head injury', 'CHI']

entities_list: @entity2981 :: ('MESH:D003288', 'Disease') :: ['contusion']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['structural and functional impairment']

answer: @entity6075 :: (MESH:D016489,Disease) :: ['Closed Head Injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Decompressive craniectomy has been widely used in head @entity130 @entity1 . The randomized clinical trial on an early decompression (DECRA) demonstrated that craniectomy did not improve the neurological outcome, in contrast to previous animal experiments. The goal of our study was to analyze the effect of decompressive craniectomy in a @entity19 model of @entity542 . Male @entity19 were assigned into the following groups: sham, decompressive craniectomy, @entity6075 ( @entity6075 ) and @entity6075 followed by craniectomy. At 24h posttrauma animals were subjected to Neurological Severity Score test (NSS) and Beam Balance Score test (BBS). At the same time point magnetic resonance imaging was performed and volume of @entity4 and @entity2981 was assessed, followed by histopathological analysis. According to NSS, animals subjected to both @entity130 and craniectomy presented the most severe @entity16 . Also balancing time was reduced in this group compared to sham animals. Both @entity4 and @entity2981 volume was increased in @entity130 and craniectomy group compared to sham animals. Histopathological analysis showed that all animals subjected to @entity130 presented substantial neuronal loss. In animals treated with craniectomy after @entity130 , a massive increase of @entity4 with @entity548 was documented. Decompressive craniectomy applied after @entity6075 in @entity19 leads to additional @entity2383 . The surgical decompression via craniectomy promotes @entity2657 formation and contusional blossoming in our model. This additive effect of combined mechanical and surgical @entity130 may explain the results of DECRA trial and should be further explored in experiments.

title: Decompressive Craniectomy increases Brain Lesion Volume and exacerbates Functional Impairment in @entity6075 in XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3292 , a common @entity5 in soft tissue, continues to grow, so it often appears to be giant. Surgical management of @entity3292 is a challenge due to the risk of excessive @entity548 . @entity12464 's nutrient artery may reduce the @entity190 in operation. This study introduces the surgical management of giant scalp @entity3292 with preoperative ultra-selective embolization of nutrient artery. METHODS: From January 2006 to December 2013, 9 @entity1 with giant scalp @entity3292 were enrolled into the study. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed @entity5 's nutrient artery. Ultra-catheter was inserted into the nutrient artery and its branches as close as possible to the @entity5 . Then ultra-selective embolization was performed with gelatin sponge particles. Surgical @entity5 was performed in 3 days after embolization. The wound was repaired by skin graft. RESULTS: All of the 9 @entity1 underwent successful DSA and ultra-selective embolization. Among them, occipital artery was embolized in 3 @entity1 (left side in 1 @entity1 and right side in 2 @entity1 ). Both occipital artery and superficial temporal artery were embolized in 6 @entity1 (left side in 2 @entity1 , right side in 3 @entity1 , and both side in 1 @entity1 ). No complications, such as @entity887 , occurred in the @entity1 . All of the @entity5 were resected completely without blood transfusion. The skin graft survived very well on the wounds. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative ultra-selective embolization of nutrient artery is a feasible, safe, and effective method to reduce the @entity190 in operation and facilitate the surgical management of giant scalp @entity3292 .

title: Surgical Management of Giant Scalp XXXX After Ultra-Selective Embolization of Nutrient Artery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity12464 :: ('MESH:D009360', 'Disease') :: ['Embolization of tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumor', 'removal of tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity3292 :: ('MESH:D009455', 'Disease') :: ['giant neurofibroma', 'Neurofibroma', 'neurofibroma']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['ectopic embolism']

answer: @entity3292 :: (MESH:D009455,Disease) :: ['Neurofibroma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the short-term results of the efficacy and safety of @entity619 intravitreal implant (DEX), ranibizumab (RAN), and intravitreal @entity2995 (IVTA) in @entity1103 secondary to branch @entity2994 (BRVO). METHODS: One eye each of 32 @entity1 who were treated with intravitreal injections for @entity1103 secondary to BRVO was studied. This retrospective study included 3 groups. The @entity1 received DEX in group 1 (n = 11), RAN in group 2 (n = 11), and IVTA in group 3 (n = 10). Data were collected before and after the injections at the first and third months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The median duration of the follow-up was 3.0 months in overall groups. The BCVA increased significantly in all groups (p = 0.018, p = 0.034, p = 0.014, respectively). The @entity1020 increased significantly in groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.02, plt;0.001, respectively), but not in group 2 (p = 0.14). The IOP increased significantly in groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.05, plt;0.001, respectively). Antiglaucomatous treatment was required only in group 3. @entity231 developed in 2 @entity1 (20%) in group 3 and surgery was required. CONCLUSIONS: Although RAN was the safest among the 3 agents, @entity9170 and IVTA reduced @entity1020 more than RAN, while significant improvement was achieved in BCVA in all groups. All 3 agents can be effectively used in the treatment of @entity1103 due to BRVO.

title: Early results of XXXX implant, ranibizumab, and triamcinolone in @entity1103 due to branch @entity2994 .

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['Cataract']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['macular edema']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['CMT', 'central macular thickness']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the short-term results of the efficacy and safety of @entity619 intravitreal implant (DEX), ranibizumab (RAN), and intravitreal @entity2995 (IVTA) in @entity1103 secondary to branch @entity2994 (BRVO). METHODS: One eye each of 32 @entity1 who were treated with intravitreal injections for @entity1103 secondary to BRVO was studied. This retrospective study included 3 groups. The @entity1 received DEX in group 1 (n = 11), RAN in group 2 (n = 11), and IVTA in group 3 (n = 10). Data were collected before and after the injections at the first and third months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The median duration of the follow-up was 3.0 months in overall groups. The BCVA increased significantly in all groups (p = 0.018, p = 0.034, p = 0.014, respectively). The @entity1020 increased significantly in groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.02, plt;0.001, respectively), but not in group 2 (p = 0.14). The IOP increased significantly in groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.05, plt;0.001, respectively). Antiglaucomatous treatment was required only in group 3. @entity231 developed in 2 @entity1 (20%) in group 3 and surgery was required. CONCLUSIONS: Although RAN was the safest among the 3 agents, @entity9170 and IVTA reduced @entity1020 more than RAN, while significant improvement was achieved in BCVA in all groups. All 3 agents can be effectively used in the treatment of @entity1103 due to BRVO.

title: Early results of @entity619 implant, ranibizumab, and triamcinolone in XXXX due to branch @entity2994 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1103 :: (MESH:D008269,Disease) :: ['macular edema']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the short-term results of the efficacy and safety of @entity619 intravitreal implant (DEX), ranibizumab (RAN), and intravitreal @entity2995 (IVTA) in @entity1103 secondary to branch @entity2994 (BRVO). METHODS: One eye each of 32 @entity1 who were treated with intravitreal injections for @entity1103 secondary to BRVO was studied. This retrospective study included 3 groups. The @entity1 received DEX in group 1 (n = 11), RAN in group 2 (n = 11), and IVTA in group 3 (n = 10). Data were collected before and after the injections at the first and third months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The median duration of the follow-up was 3.0 months in overall groups. The BCVA increased significantly in all groups (p = 0.018, p = 0.034, p = 0.014, respectively). The @entity1020 increased significantly in groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.02, plt;0.001, respectively), but not in group 2 (p = 0.14). The IOP increased significantly in groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.05, plt;0.001, respectively). Antiglaucomatous treatment was required only in group 3. @entity231 developed in 2 @entity1 (20%) in group 3 and surgery was required. CONCLUSIONS: Although RAN was the safest among the 3 agents, @entity9170 and IVTA reduced @entity1020 more than RAN, while significant improvement was achieved in BCVA in all groups. All 3 agents can be effectively used in the treatment of @entity1103 due to BRVO.

title: Early results of @entity619 implant, ranibizumab, and triamcinolone in @entity1103 due to branch XXXX .

answer: @entity2994 :: (MESH:D012170,Disease) :: ['retinal vein occlusion']


abstract: To explore the potential of @entity5 -specific DNA as a biomarker for @entity213 ( @entity213 ), we queried DNA from saliva or plasma of 93 @entity213 @entity1 . We searched for somatic mutations or @entity1082 genes, collectively referred to as @entity5 DNA. When both plasma and saliva were tested, @entity5 DNA was detected in 96% of 47 @entity1 . The fractions of @entity1 with detectable @entity5 DNA in early- and late-stage disease were 100% (n = 10) and 95% (n = 37), respectively. When segregated by site, @entity5 DNA was detected in 100% (n = 15), 91% (n = 22), 100% (n = 7), and 100% (n = 3) of @entity1 with @entity5 of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx, respectively. In saliva, @entity5 DNA was found in 100% of @entity1 with @entity1697 and in 47 to 70% of @entity1 with @entity5 of the other sites. In plasma, @entity5 DNA was found in 80% of @entity1 with @entity1697 , and in 86 to 100% of @entity1 with @entity5 of the other sites. Thus, saliva is preferentially enriched for @entity5 DNA from the oral cavity, whereas plasma is preferentially enriched for @entity5 DNA from the other sites. Tumor DNA in saliva was found postsurgically in three @entity1 before clinical diagnosis of recurrence, but in none of the five @entity1 without recurrence. Tumor DNA in the saliva and plasma appears to be a potentially valuable biomarker for detection of @entity213 .

title: Detection of somatic mutations and HPV in the saliva and plasma of @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral cavity cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['HNSCC', 'head and neck squamous cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity213 :: (MESH:C535575,Disease) :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinomas']


abstract: To explore the potential of @entity5 -specific DNA as a biomarker for @entity213 ( @entity213 ), we queried DNA from saliva or plasma of 93 @entity213 @entity1 . We searched for somatic mutations or @entity1082 genes, collectively referred to as @entity5 DNA. When both plasma and saliva were tested, @entity5 DNA was detected in 96% of 47 @entity1 . The fractions of @entity1 with detectable @entity5 DNA in early- and late-stage disease were 100% (n = 10) and 95% (n = 37), respectively. When segregated by site, @entity5 DNA was detected in 100% (n = 15), 91% (n = 22), 100% (n = 7), and 100% (n = 3) of @entity1 with @entity5 of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx, respectively. In saliva, @entity5 DNA was found in 100% of @entity1 with @entity1697 and in 47 to 70% of @entity1 with @entity5 of the other sites. In plasma, @entity5 DNA was found in 80% of @entity1 with @entity1697 , and in 86 to 100% of @entity1 with @entity5 of the other sites. Thus, saliva is preferentially enriched for @entity5 DNA from the oral cavity, whereas plasma is preferentially enriched for @entity5 DNA from the other sites. Tumor DNA in saliva was found postsurgically in three @entity1 before clinical diagnosis of recurrence, but in none of the five @entity1 without recurrence. Tumor DNA in the saliva and plasma appears to be a potentially valuable biomarker for detection of @entity213 .

title: Detection of somatic mutations and HPV in the saliva and plasma of XXXX with @entity213 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The optimal combination and sequence of radiotherapy (RT) and @entity7730 ( @entity7730 ) for extranodal nasal-type natural killer/ @entity784 (NKTCL) are not well-defined. The aim of this study was to create a risk-adapted therapeutic strategy for early-stage NKTCL. A total of 1273 early-stage @entity1 from 10 institutions were reviewed. @entity1 received @entity7730 alone (n = 170), RT alone (n = 253), RT followed by @entity7730 (n = 209), or @entity7730 followed by RT (n = 641). A comprehensive comparative study was performed using multivariable and propensity score-matched analyses. Early-stage NKTCL was classified as low risk or high risk based on 5 independent prognostic factors (stage, age, performance status, @entity880 dehydrogenase, primary @entity5 invasion). RT alone and RT with or without @entity7730 were more effective than @entity7730 alone (5-year @entity1349 [ @entity1349 ], 69.6% and 67.7% vs 33.9%, P < .001). For low-risk @entity1 , RT alone achieved a favorable @entity1349 (88.8%); incorporation of induction or consolidation @entity7730 did not provide additional benefit (86.9% and 86.3%). For high-risk @entity1 , RT followed by @entity7730 resulted in superior @entity1349 (72.2%) compared with induction @entity7730 and RT (58.3%, P = .004) or RT alone (59.6%, P = .017). After adjustment, similar significant differences in @entity1349 were still observed between treatment groups. New @entity7730 regimens provided limited benefit in early-stage NKTCL. Risk-adapted therapy involving RT alone for low-risk @entity1 and RT consolidated by @entity7730 for high-risk @entity1 is a viable, effective strategy for early-stage NKTCL.

title: Risk-adapted therapy for early-stage extranodal nasal-type NK/ XXXX : analysis from a multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity7730 :: ('MESH:D064146', 'Disease') :: ['CT', 'chemotherapy']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity784 :: (MESH:D016399,Disease) :: ['T-cell lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence indicates that circulating pericyte progenitor cells (CPPCs) may be angiogenic biomarkers in @entity5 and @entity6 . Their validity as biomarkers depends on the accuracy of techniques used for enumeration. In this report, absolute CPPC counts were performed by 2 single-platform technologies. The reliability of the 2 methods, including retest reliability and intraobserver and interobserver variability, was assessed according to the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The linear correlation and agreement among both methods were assessed, and the stability of CPPC numbers in blood samples was analyzed. METHODS: The blood samples were obtained from ICR @entity19 . The samples were processed through a no-lyse, 1-wash procedure, and Syto16+ @entity8236 - @entity5231 - @entity5232 + CPPCs were analyzed by exclusion of dead cells and by fluorescence-minus-one control. CPPCs were enumerated by 2 methods: bead-based 123count eBeads count (eBioscience) and direct volume-based Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer count ( @entity2403 ). The cells were measured immediately and after storage of blood samples for 24 and 48 hours. RESULTS: There were excellent retest correlations and intraobserver and interobserver agreement in both methods. The 2 methods showed a high linear correlation (R2 = 0.923) and with a high level of agreement (0.986). It was demonstrated that CPPCs are unstable in blood samples. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, 2 reproducible protocols for CPPC quantification were established. These protocols should facilitate future studies to further define the role of CPPCs as cellular biomarkers.

title: Absolute circulating pericyte progenitor cell counts in XXXX by flow cytometry: comparison of 2 single-platform technologies.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate interrelations between @entity6889 ( @entity6889 ) and @entity1356 ( @entity1356 ) serum levels and common carotid arteries (CCA) remodeling in @entity101 @entity1 with @entity28 . DESIGN AND METHOD: 80 @entity101 @entity1 (51 obese) have been observed. An ultrasound examination of CCA with estimation of its geometrical type was performed (cut-off value for vascular wall @entity1184 was vascular segment mass >0,275g/cm, concentric remodeling was diagnosed with relative wall thickness of CCA >0,2). @entity6889 and @entity1356 serum levels were estimated using ELISA. RESULTS: @entity6889 and @entity1356 levels were higher in @entity101 @entity1 (p<0,001), independently of BMI. Cluster analysis was made to reveal both cytokines' levels impact on CCA geometry. @entity6889 >73pg/ml, @entity1356 >25pg/ml was associated with 80,0% prevalence of normal CCA geometry and 20,0% of its @entity1184 . @entity1356 >20pg/ml with @entity6889 <71pg/ml was characterized by 80,0% prevalence of normal geometry, 10,0% of non- @entity101 concentric remodeling of CCA, 5,0% of concnetric and 5,0% of @entity1184 . @entity6889 >71pg/ml with @entity1356 <25pg/ml was associated with decrease of normal CCA geometry prevalence to 50,0% with increase of @entity1184 rate to 41,7%; other 8,3% @entity1 had @entity2998 . @entity6889 <71 pg/ml, @entity1356 <20pg/ml (p>0,05 vs control group) had 57,9% of normal geometry, 15,8% of concentric remodeling, 15,8% of concnetric @entity1184 and 10,5% of @entity2998 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6889 and @entity1356 serum levels were elevated in @entity101 @entity1 independently of presence of @entity28 . A pronounced isolated increase in @entity6889 level was associated with abrupt increase of CCA @entity1184 prevalence, especially its concentric variant. Accompanying increase in @entity1356 level reduced this effect.

title: 9A.08: INTERLEUKINS 33 AND XXXX SERUM LEVELS ARE CONNECTED TO COMMON CAROTID ARTERIES REMODELING IN HYPERTENSIVE @entity1 WITH OBESITY.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['eccentric hypertrophy', 'concentric hypertrophy', 'hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['eccentric hypertrophy of CCA']

answer: @entity1356 :: (3553,Gene) :: ['1B']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate interrelations between @entity6889 ( @entity6889 ) and @entity1356 ( @entity1356 ) serum levels and common carotid arteries (CCA) remodeling in @entity101 @entity1 with @entity28 . DESIGN AND METHOD: 80 @entity101 @entity1 (51 obese) have been observed. An ultrasound examination of CCA with estimation of its geometrical type was performed (cut-off value for vascular wall @entity1184 was vascular segment mass >0,275g/cm, concentric remodeling was diagnosed with relative wall thickness of CCA >0,2). @entity6889 and @entity1356 serum levels were estimated using ELISA. RESULTS: @entity6889 and @entity1356 levels were higher in @entity101 @entity1 (p<0,001), independently of BMI. Cluster analysis was made to reveal both cytokines' levels impact on CCA geometry. @entity6889 >73pg/ml, @entity1356 >25pg/ml was associated with 80,0% prevalence of normal CCA geometry and 20,0% of its @entity1184 . @entity1356 >20pg/ml with @entity6889 <71pg/ml was characterized by 80,0% prevalence of normal geometry, 10,0% of non- @entity101 concentric remodeling of CCA, 5,0% of concnetric and 5,0% of @entity1184 . @entity6889 >71pg/ml with @entity1356 <25pg/ml was associated with decrease of normal CCA geometry prevalence to 50,0% with increase of @entity1184 rate to 41,7%; other 8,3% @entity1 had @entity2998 . @entity6889 <71 pg/ml, @entity1356 <20pg/ml (p>0,05 vs control group) had 57,9% of normal geometry, 15,8% of concentric remodeling, 15,8% of concnetric @entity1184 and 10,5% of @entity2998 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6889 and @entity1356 serum levels were elevated in @entity101 @entity1 independently of presence of @entity28 . A pronounced isolated increase in @entity6889 level was associated with abrupt increase of CCA @entity1184 prevalence, especially its concentric variant. Accompanying increase in @entity1356 level reduced this effect.

title: 9A.08: INTERLEUKINS 33 AND @entity1356 SERUM LEVELS ARE CONNECTED TO COMMON CAROTID ARTERIES REMODELING IN HYPERTENSIVE XXXX WITH OBESITY.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Renal 11 beta @entity14128 dehydrogenase @entity164 2 (11BHSD2) is a key molecular player in the renin- angiotensin- @entity1369 system (RAAS). We hypothesize that decreased renal 11BHSD2 activity, as measured by increased urinary free @entity701 to @entity821 (UFF/UFE) ratio using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), may be an important biomarker in identifying @entity6 @entity1 with increased left ventricular mass. DESIGN AND METHOD: We studied insulin-naive male @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 and stage 1 @entity101 (blood pressure of 140-160/90-100 mmHg) in this study. 24-hour urine was collected and UFF/UFE ratio was determined using GCMS. All @entity1 underwent 2D-echocardiogram (2DE) for measurement of left ventricular mass index (LVMI). RESULTS: A total of 43 @entity6 male @entity1 with @entity101 were evaluated in this study. As per current @entity101 guidelines, all subjects were already taking either an @entity7774 converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) for their @entity101 control. The mean 24 hour UFF/UFE ratio was 0.77+/- 0.05 (interquartile range 0.52 to 1.00), with higher UFF/UFE ratios reflecting lower renal 11BHSD2 activity. Higher UFF/UFE ratio correlated with higher LVMI (r=0.46, p=0.003). Among the subjects in the highest quartile (UFF/UFE ratio > 1.00), the left ventricular mass index was significantly higher (113.8g/m2 vs 89.1g/m2, p=0.03; difference between means 23.7+/- 9.8g/m2) when compared to the rest of the cohort. This association was independent of age, blood pressure, duration of @entity6 , medications, glycated hemoglobin (HBA1C), body mass index (BMI), ethnicity or serum @entity1011 . CONCLUSIONS: In diabetics with stage 1 @entity101 , a 24 hour urine free @entity701 to @entity821 ratio >1.00 as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, independently identifies @entity1 with a significantly higher left ventricular mass, a subset of @entity1 known to be at a higher risk of developing @entity65 .

title: 4B.10: 24 HOUR URINE FREE @entity701 TO XXXX RATIO IS A NOVEL BIOMARKER FOR INCREASED LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS IN DIABETIC HYPERTENSIVES.

entities_list: @entity821 :: ('MESH:D003348', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisone']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity7774 :: ('MESH:D000809', 'Chemical') :: ['angiotensin']

entities_list: @entity14128 :: ('CHEBI:35350', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxysteroid']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

answer: @entity821 :: (MESH:D003348,Chemical) :: ['CORTISONE']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Renal 11 beta @entity14128 dehydrogenase @entity164 2 (11BHSD2) is a key molecular player in the renin- angiotensin- @entity1369 system (RAAS). We hypothesize that decreased renal 11BHSD2 activity, as measured by increased urinary free @entity701 to @entity821 (UFF/UFE) ratio using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), may be an important biomarker in identifying @entity6 @entity1 with increased left ventricular mass. DESIGN AND METHOD: We studied insulin-naive male @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 and stage 1 @entity101 (blood pressure of 140-160/90-100 mmHg) in this study. 24-hour urine was collected and UFF/UFE ratio was determined using GCMS. All @entity1 underwent 2D-echocardiogram (2DE) for measurement of left ventricular mass index (LVMI). RESULTS: A total of 43 @entity6 male @entity1 with @entity101 were evaluated in this study. As per current @entity101 guidelines, all subjects were already taking either an @entity7774 converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) for their @entity101 control. The mean 24 hour UFF/UFE ratio was 0.77+/- 0.05 (interquartile range 0.52 to 1.00), with higher UFF/UFE ratios reflecting lower renal 11BHSD2 activity. Higher UFF/UFE ratio correlated with higher LVMI (r=0.46, p=0.003). Among the subjects in the highest quartile (UFF/UFE ratio > 1.00), the left ventricular mass index was significantly higher (113.8g/m2 vs 89.1g/m2, p=0.03; difference between means 23.7+/- 9.8g/m2) when compared to the rest of the cohort. This association was independent of age, blood pressure, duration of @entity6 , medications, glycated hemoglobin (HBA1C), body mass index (BMI), ethnicity or serum @entity1011 . CONCLUSIONS: In diabetics with stage 1 @entity101 , a 24 hour urine free @entity701 to @entity821 ratio >1.00 as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, independently identifies @entity1 with a significantly higher left ventricular mass, a subset of @entity1 known to be at a higher risk of developing @entity65 .

title: 4B.10: 24 HOUR URINE FREE XXXX TO @entity821 RATIO IS A NOVEL BIOMARKER FOR INCREASED LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS IN DIABETIC HYPERTENSIVES.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['CORTISOL']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Smoking and @entity101 are important risk factors in the development of @entity65 ( @entity65 ). Control rates of @entity101 are quite poor with only <50% of @entity1 achieving target blood pressure (BP) after antihypertensive monotherapy. Smokers may have a blunted response to antihypertensive drugs but this has not been properly investigated. Therefore we studied the interaction between smoking status and BP response in never-treated @entity101 @entity1 . DESIGN AND METHOD: We studied 305 untreated @entity101 subjects (mean age 51  1, mean  SEM, F=124) classified according to their smoking status; non- smoker (n=134), smoker (n=64) and ex- smoker (n=104). Haemodynamic measurements including systolic and diastolic BP and heart rate (HR) were measured before and 1 month after monotherapy with commonly used antihypertensive agents;Data were analyzed using with JMP version 7.1 (SAS) for Windows. Results were expressed as mean  SEM, with p<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: There was a significant relationship between smoking status and fall in BP; smokers and ex- smokers showed lower reduction than non- smokers for systolic BP (4  1.7 vs. 13.6  1 vs. 17.6  1) and diastolic BP (6.5  1.0 vs. 8.7  0.8 vs. 10  0.7, p<0.01) respectively. In a stepwise regression analysis, baseline systolic BP, smoking status and female gender were the only significant predictors of fall in systolic BP (R2=0.19, p<0.0001) with smokers exhibiting 2mm Hg less fall than smokers and ex-smokers. For reduction in diastolic BP, baseline diastolic BP and smoking status were the only significant predictors R2=0.19, p<0.0001) with smokers showing 2 mmHg less reduction in diastolic BP compared with non- smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking is not only an important @entity65 factor in @entity101 @entity1 but also reduces the response to anti- @entity101 treatment, independent of age, gender and body mass index. Therefore, smoking cessation can achieve not only reduced @entity65 but may also improve BP control in @entity101 @entity1 .

title: 7B.07: CIGARETTE SMOKING REDUCES BLOOD PRESSURE RESPONSE TO ANTIHYPERTENSIVE TREATMENT IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED HYPERTENSIVE XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular risk']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to investigate characteristics of late-onset @entity1252 after 65 years compared to younger ones. METHOD: @entity1 with @entity1252 revealed after 65 years were investigated in four French hospitals between 1985 and 2013. @entity1 with 4 ACR criteria or more were included. Clinical and biological characteristics, prognosis, treatment, comorbidities were described retrospectively and compared to the cohort of 1000 @entity1252 @entity1 of Cervera et al. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 were included (14 @entity1 and 4 @entity1 ). The most frequent features were @entity625 (13/18), skin involvement (9/18). @entity5714 and @entity715 were more frequently found in elderly @entity1252 (p<0.05). During evolution, only cutaneous involvement were less frequent than in young subjects (p <0.05). @entity288 were often used (16/18), but iatrogenic complications were frequent (10/16). CONCLUSION: Diagnosis is difficult because of non-specific clinical features. Treatment needed a rigourous follow-up because of iatrogenic complications.

title: Late-onset XXXX in the elderly after 65 years: retrospective study of 18 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['Hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['lupus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity336 kidney allocation protocols may influence timing of transplantation and graft quality for pediatric recipients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of these protocols, including pediatric priority, on waiting time on dialysis, transplant type, donor age, and HLA matching according to state of transplant in Australia. De-identified information on @entity1 <15  yr of age who commenced RRT in NSW, Qld, and Victoria from 2002 to 2011 was retrieved from the ANZDATA. Transplant type, donor age, and HLA mismatching were compared between states, with competing risk regression used to examine the time to transplant. There were significant differences in waiting time to @entity336 transplantation between the three states. @entity1 in NSW and Qld waited a median of 14 and 11  months vs. 21  months in Victoria. The ratio of LD to @entity336 transplants was lower in NSW and Qld. Differences correlated with @entity336 pediatric priority in NSW and Qld. DDs in NSW were older than in the other states. HLA matching did not differ. @entity336 kidney allocation protocols with pediatric priority in Australian states were associated with shorter waiting times and increased @entity336 proportion.

title: Australian deceased donor kidney allocation protocols: Transplant waiting and graft quality for XXXX and adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Primary @entity409 is rare. Here we report an unusual case of @entity409 containing combined hepatocellular @entity201 . A mass in the right liver lobe of a 45-year-old @entity1 was accidentally discovered by ultrasonic inspection and computed tomography (CT) scan. Surgical resection was performed following a diagnosis of primary @entity96 . @entity3909 and @entity3038 were present, and diagnosis of @entity409 was confirmed. The @entity3909 element consisted of hepatocellular @entity189 and foci of @entity201 . The @entity3038 element was composed of spindle cells and bizarre cells, as well as foci of @entity421 and @entity511 . @entity157 cells diffusely expressed both hepatocyte specific markers cytokeratin (CK) 8/18 and cholangiocyte specific markers @entity4166 , and @entity242 cells were positive for @entity2277 . Interestingly, both @entity3909 and @entity3038 cells expressed epithelial membrane antigen. CD117-positive ductular reactions and small undifferentiated cells were observed. A liver progenitor cell origin of the @entity409 was proposed.

title: Primary combined hepatocellular-cholangiocellular XXXX : An unusual case.

entities_list: @entity3038 :: ('MESH:D018316', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomatous elements', 'sarcomatous']

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver carcinosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3909 :: ('MESH:D055756', 'Disease') :: ['Micropathologically, both carcinomatous', 'carcinomatous']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma', 'cholangiocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: AIM: We retrospectively analyzed our Institution experience with these @entity1 . The endpoints of the analysis were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local control (LC), @entity3 ( @entity3 ); results were compared with the literature. BACKGROUND: @entity2946 in adult @entity1 is a very rare disease; the 5 and 10-year overall survival rates range between 33-78% and 27-56%, respectively. The collection of more clinical data is strongly needed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From September 1975 to October 2006, we treated 16 adult @entity1 (9 males and 7 females) with a histological diagnosis of @entity2946 . @entity137 were scored according to RTOG @entity137 scale. Karnofski performance status (KPS) and neurological performance status (NPS) pre- and post-RT were reported. Median age was 27 years (range 18-53 years). All the @entity1 received cranio-spinal irradiation, two @entity1 were also given chemotherapy. Median follow-up period was 121.5 months. RESULTS: In January 2014, 10/16 @entity1 were alive without evidence of disease, 6/16 died with progressive disease (1 local and spinal, 3 spinal and 2 extraneural). Ten-year LC, OS, DFS, @entity3 were, respectively, 84%, 67%, 60% and 59%. Univariate analysis shows that gross total resection is associated with better survival. No acute or late G3-G4 @entity137 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: This experience and the analysis of the literature confirm the efficacy of postoperative RT but also the need of large datasets to better define prognostic factors and the possible role of the association of chemotherapy.

title: Radiotherapy for XXXX : Long term result from a single institution. A review of prognostic factors and why we do need a multi-institutional cooperative program.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Acute and late toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma', 'Medulloblastoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis free survival', 'MFS']

answer: @entity2946 :: (MESH:D008527,Disease) :: ['adult medulloblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Disease registry is a database that includes information about @entity1 suffering a special kind of disease. The aim of this study was to first identify and compare the National @entity8 Registry (NRDR) characteristics in some countries with Iran; and second, develop a provisional and NRDR for Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrieval of data of the NRDR was performed by scholars responsible in related agencies, including the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, @entity8 charity, and data registries in the United States, United Kingdom, Malaysia, and Iran. This research was applied, and the study was descriptive-comparative. The study population consisted of the NRDR in selected countries in which data were collected by forms that were designed according to the study objectives. Sources of data were researchers, articles, books, journals, databases, websites, related documents, and @entity1 who are active in this regard, and related agencies, including the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and @entity1 support charity. The researchers collected data for each country based on the study objectives and then put them in comparative tables. Data were analyzed by descriptive, comparative, and theoretical methods. RESULTS: Most of the renal transplant teams report their own results as a single center experiences. America and Britain have a preeminent national registry of @entity8 compared to other countries. CONCLUSION: Given that control, prevention, and treatment of @entity740 incur high expenses and the disease is one of leading mortality factors in Iran and across the world and since national registry system for @entity740 can provide better tools and strategies to manage and evaluate @entity1 ' characteristics as well as risk factors which eventually leads to making better decisions.

title: Developing a provisional and national XXXX registry for Iran.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal Disease', 'renal disease']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal diseases']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal disease']


abstract: Seventy-two @entity1 with HBsAg-positive chronic @entity99 were studied for serum antibody to delta antigen (anti- @entity2033 ) by radioimmunoassay. Delta antigen (HDAg) in liver of the 72 @entity1 was also studied immunohistochemically using peroxidase-labeled anti- @entity2033 . In one of the 72 @entity1 , high titers of anti- @entity2033 and intrahepatic HDAg were detected. In this @entity1 , HDAg was localized mainly in nuclei and occasionally in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. By immunoelectron microscopy, HDAg was observed diffusely in some hepatocytic nuclei, but their nucleoli, perichromatin and heterochromatin were devoid of HDAg. Occasionally, inclusion body-like ring-shaped or irregularly shaped aggregates of HDAg were observed in nuclei. At higher magnification, these aggregates consisted of an HDAg-positive amorphous substance and microtubular structures. In their vicinity, scattered HDAg-positive granules were also present. By conventional electron microscopy, similar inclusion bodies composed of a clustered amorphous substance and microtubular structures 10-20 nm in diameter, together with 20-30 nm irregular granules were observed in hepatocyte nuclei, but no core of Dane particles were found. These novel intranuclear structures were not observed in other @entity1 with chronic @entity1956 . It is suggested that they may represent the characteristic ultrastructure associated with @entity4620 .

title: Intranuclear inclusion bodies in liver of chronic XXXX with @entity4620 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity4620 :: ('MESH:D003699', 'Disease') :: ['delta infection']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['hepatitis B']


abstract: Seventy-two @entity1 with HBsAg-positive chronic @entity99 were studied for serum antibody to delta antigen (anti- @entity2033 ) by radioimmunoassay. Delta antigen (HDAg) in liver of the 72 @entity1 was also studied immunohistochemically using peroxidase-labeled anti- @entity2033 . In one of the 72 @entity1 , high titers of anti- @entity2033 and intrahepatic HDAg were detected. In this @entity1 , HDAg was localized mainly in nuclei and occasionally in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. By immunoelectron microscopy, HDAg was observed diffusely in some hepatocytic nuclei, but their nucleoli, perichromatin and heterochromatin were devoid of HDAg. Occasionally, inclusion body-like ring-shaped or irregularly shaped aggregates of HDAg were observed in nuclei. At higher magnification, these aggregates consisted of an HDAg-positive amorphous substance and microtubular structures. In their vicinity, scattered HDAg-positive granules were also present. By conventional electron microscopy, similar inclusion bodies composed of a clustered amorphous substance and microtubular structures 10-20 nm in diameter, together with 20-30 nm irregular granules were observed in hepatocyte nuclei, but no core of Dane particles were found. These novel intranuclear structures were not observed in other @entity1 with chronic @entity1956 . It is suggested that they may represent the characteristic ultrastructure associated with @entity4620 .

title: Intranuclear inclusion bodies in liver of chronic @entity1956 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4620 :: (MESH:D003699,Disease) :: ['delta infection']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The combined effect of heat treatment and electro-activated solution (EAS) on the heat resistance of spores of Clostridium sporogenes and @entity8220 was assessed under various heating and exposure time combinations. The acid and neutral EAS showed the highest inhibitory activity, indicating that these solutions may be considered as strong sporicidal disinfectants. These EAS were able to cause a reduction of >= 6 log of spores of C.  sporogenes at 60    C in only 1  min of exposition. For @entity8220 spores, a reduction of 4.5 log was observed at 60    C in 1  min, while in 5  min, >= 7 log CFU/ml reduction was observed. Inoculated puree of @entity3587 and @entity4336 were used as a food matrix for the determination of the heat resistance of these spores during the treatments in glass capillaries. The inactivation kinetics of the spores was studied in an oil bath. Combined treatment by EAS and temperature demonstrated a significant decrease in the heat resistance of C. sporogenes. The D100  C in @entity3587 puree with @entity4202 solution was 66.86  min while with acid and neutral EAS it was reduced down to 3.97 and 2.19  min, respectively. The spore of @entity8220 displayed higher heat resistance as confirmed by other similar studies. Its D130  C in @entity3587 puree showed a decrease from 1.45  min in @entity4202 solution down to 1.30 and 0.93  min for acid and neutral EAS, respectively. The differences between the spores of these species are attributable to their different sensitivities with respect to pH, Redox potential and @entity26 .

title: Study of the combined effect of electro-activated solutions and heat treatment on the destruction of spores of Clostridium sporogenes and XXXX in model solution and vegetable puree.

entities_list: @entity8220 :: ('1422', 'Species') :: ['Geobacillus stearothermophilus', 'G. stearothermophilus']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity8220 :: (1422,Species) :: ['Geobacillus stearothermophilus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Exploring the clinical features of aviatic @entity11766 to provide references for medical evaluation, prevention and control measures in aircrew. METHOD: To analysis and summary 605 cases with 503 pilots of @entity11766 in aircrew during 1966 to 2013. RESULT: (1) There were 605 cases of aviatic @entity11766 , including 550 cases of @entity66 and 55 cases of specific diseases. The general @entity11766 included 140 cases of anatomical abnormalities in nasal cavity type, 290 cases of @entity32 in nasal cavity, 73 cases of @entity566 type, 47 cases of cyst and @entity5 type, and the specific @entity11766 were 55 cases of @entity50 ( @entity50 ). (2) The, constituent ratio of @entity50 , which was @entity1177 @entity50 , was 95.55%. (3) The constituent ratio of cyst and @entity5 type in nasal cavity was easier causing to @entity50 than anatomical abnormalities, @entity32 , @entity566 in nasal cavity (P < 0.05). (4) The grounded constituent ratio of secondary @entity50 was higher than anatomical abnormalities, @entity32 , @entity566 , cyst and @entity5 disease in nasal cavity (P < 0.05). (5) The ways of hypobaric chamber tests were different for the kinds of aircrew. The qualified adjustment function of sinuses for barometric pressure was an essential condition for aircrew to continue flying. (6) The key point for the treatment of aviatic @entity11766 was to remove pathological change in nasal cavity and @entity50 and restore @entity50 ostium patency. The key point for the medical evaluation was to restore normal @entity50 pressure balance function. CONCLUSION: The key point of medical evaluation about aviatic @entity11766 is to assess the @entity50 pressure balance function in hypobaric chamber tests. Normative treatment and medical evaluation can effectively avoid flight accidents and improve the attendance rate for aircrew.

title: [The clinical research of aviatic XXXX with medical evaluation prevention and control intervention].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1177 :: ('MESH:D008444', 'Disease') :: ['happened in frontal sinus and /or maxillary']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['general diseases']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy', 'allergy disease']

entities_list: @entity11766 :: ('MESH:D009668', 'Disease') :: ['nasal diseases']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['sinus barotrauma', 'SB', 'sinus']

answer: @entity11766 :: (MESH:D009668,Disease) :: ['nasal diseases']


abstract: Approximately 4% of U.S. abortions occur in desired pregnancies, with many resulting from @entity2241 . The majority of terminations occur in the second trimester; however in recent years first-trimester ultrasound measurement for nuchal translucency, calculation of risk based on maternal age, and biochemistry at 11-14 weeks gestation, have resulted in earlier prenatal diagnoses for @entity2008 . First trimester ultrasound can also now lead to diagnoses of major structural abnormalities including anecephaly, ventral wall defects, and @entity4218 . The American College of Medical Genetics released recommendations underscoring the crucial importance of ethical counseling and substantive communication with parents facing a prenatal diagnosis of @entity2241 . Unfortunately, the inability of health care providers to understand and empathize with the ardent desire of some parents to refuse termination is likely to be a large factor in the common practice of professionals attempting to steer expectant parents toward termination. Perinatal hospice is family-centered, comprehensive, and integrative in nature. The care provided by perinatal hospice units is delivered by an interdisciplinary team of obstetricians, pediatricians, nurses, social workers and chaplains in 130 locations throughout the U.S. Support is offered from diagnosis until @entity204 and beyond with time for "bonding, loving, and losing." "Hospice care is an interactive, and at times intense, form of care. Rather than simply 'letting nature take its course,' this approach empowers the family to take control of some of the consequences of their unfortunate situation." A primary focus of perinatal hospice is on fear reduction. Parents facing the @entity204 of an @entity1 often fear isolation and abandonment in addition to worrying about their @entity1 experiencing @entity158 . Parents are assured that they will be cared for and supported throughout this entire chapter of their lives, as their babies are kept comfortable and free of @entity158 until @entity204 . The approach is realistic without shattering hope that the diagnosis was wrong or that a miracle will take place as there is recognition that hope keeps parents going. There is also recognition that building memories is essential to the grieving process and frequent use of ultrasound is designed to provide visualization experience. Perinatal hospice teams assist in the development of birth plans, address the type and location of the delivery as well as aftercare of the mother and @entity1 .

title: Diagnosis of XXXX and the Increased Maternal Psychological Toll Associated with Pregnancy Termination.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['limb abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal anomaly', 'fetal anomalies']

answer: @entity2241 :: (MESH:D005315,Disease) :: ['Fetal Anomaly']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1468 is one of the most serious complications of pregnancy and one of the major causes of maternal mortality. Thus its prediction is a matter for serious concern. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study is to determine the value of mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) measurement in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy for the prediction of @entity1468 . METHOD: A prospective nested case-control study was performed on pregnant @entity1 who were at 9-12weeks of pregnancy. In the first trimester and again in 26-28weeks, @entity6688 was calculated. All eligible @entity1 were then monitored to delivery and the @entity6688 of @entity1 who were pre-eclamptic was compared with the @entity6688 of normotensive @entity1 . RESULTS: Pre-eclamptic @entity1 were compared with 269 normotensive @entity1 . @entity6688 at the first trimester of pre-eclamptic @entity1 was significantly higher than normotensive @entity1 (10.2  1.06fl VS 9.68  1.09fl, P=0.008). Also, @entity6688 at the third trimester of pregnancy of pre-eclamptic @entity1 was more than normotensives (10.16  1.23fl VS 9.62  1.12fl, P=0.009). Area under the curve in receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was calculated as 0.64 for the predictive value of @entity6688 at the first and third trimesters of pregnancy, which showed a low value of this test for predicting of @entity1468 . CONCLUSION: @entity6688 at the first and third trimesters of pregnancy are higher in @entity1 who eventually would be pre-eclamptic, but has low predictive value and is not a good predictor of @entity1468 .

title: Evaluation of the value of the first and third trimester maternal mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) for prediction of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['Pre-eclampsia', 'pre-eclampsia']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['pre-eclampsia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1468 is one of the most serious complications of pregnancy and one of the major causes of maternal mortality. Thus its prediction is a matter for serious concern. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study is to determine the value of mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) measurement in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy for the prediction of @entity1468 . METHOD: A prospective nested case-control study was performed on pregnant @entity1 who were at 9-12weeks of pregnancy. In the first trimester and again in 26-28weeks, @entity6688 was calculated. All eligible @entity1 were then monitored to delivery and the @entity6688 of @entity1 who were pre-eclamptic was compared with the @entity6688 of normotensive @entity1 . RESULTS: Pre-eclamptic @entity1 were compared with 269 normotensive @entity1 . @entity6688 at the first trimester of pre-eclamptic @entity1 was significantly higher than normotensive @entity1 (10.2  1.06fl VS 9.68  1.09fl, P=0.008). Also, @entity6688 at the third trimester of pregnancy of pre-eclamptic @entity1 was more than normotensives (10.16  1.23fl VS 9.62  1.12fl, P=0.009). Area under the curve in receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was calculated as 0.64 for the predictive value of @entity6688 at the first and third trimesters of pregnancy, which showed a low value of this test for predicting of @entity1468 . CONCLUSION: @entity6688 at the first and third trimesters of pregnancy are higher in @entity1 who eventually would be pre-eclamptic, but has low predictive value and is not a good predictor of @entity1468 .

title: Evaluation of the value of the first and third trimester maternal mean platelet volume ( XXXX ) for prediction of @entity1468 .

answer: @entity6688 :: (10244,Species) :: ['MPV']


abstract: Enkephalins are short lived peptides which are rapidly cleaved by 2 membrane peptidases: an @entity2282 and a carboxypeptidase. Enkephalin-like immuno-reactivity has been demonstrated in the smooth muscle and in the myenteric plexus of the @entity1 lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Opioid receptors have been found in the gastrointestinal tract and recently an enkephalin analog has been shown to inhibit LES relaxation and modify the peristaltic progression of the esophageal contractions. @entity19353 is an @entity2282 inhibitor which prevents, at least to some extent, the hydrolysis of endogenous enkephalins. Thus, the present work was designed to study the effect of @entity19353 on esophageal motility. Ten healthy volunteers (mean age: 23 years) were studied. On 2 separate days, each subject received in random order @entity19353 (2.5 mg/kg intravenously at a constant rate in 20 min) or placebo. Esophageal manometry was performed with a Dentsleeve. Wet swallows (5 ml) were performed at 1 min intervals during 80 min and results were pooled in 10 min periods. @entity19353 inhibited significantly (p less than 0.02) LES relaxation 20 min after the beginning of the infusion and throughout the study. The maximal effect occurred 50 min after the beginning of @entity19353 infusion and LES relaxation (m +/- SEM) was reduced from 92 +/- 2.6 to 79.5 +/- 2.9 p. 100 (p less than 0.01). Duration, amplitude, and velocity of esophageal contractions were not modified. @entity19353 an @entity2282 inhibitor, is able to reproduce the effect of IV exogenous enkephalins on LES relaxation in @entity1 . This result suggest that endogenous enkephalins might play a role in the normal control of the LES relaxation.

title: Effects of an XXXX inhibitor on esophageal motility in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity19353 :: ('MESH:C049331', 'Chemical') :: ['acetorphan', 'Acetorphan']

answer: @entity2282 :: (4311,Gene) :: ['enkephalinase']