abstract: INTRODUCTION: Exertional-induced bronchoconstriction is a condition in which the physical activity causes constriction of airways in @entity1 with airway hyper- responsiveness. In this study, we tried to study and evaluate any relationship between the findings of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and the response to @entity2710 challenge test (MCT) in @entity1 with @entity1353 after activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with complaints of @entity1353 following activity referred to "Lung Clinic" of Baqiyatallah Hospital but not suffering from @entity565 were entered into the study. The subjects were excluded from the study if: Suffering from any other @entity358 , smoking more than 1 cigarette a week in the last year, having a history of smoking more than 10 packets of cigarettes/year, having @entity1729 in the past 4 weeks, having abnormal chest X-ray or electrocardiogram, and cannot discontinue the use of medicines interfering with bronchial provocation. Baseline spirometry was performed for all the @entity1 , and the values of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV/FVC were recorded. The MCT and then the CPET were performed on all @entity1 . RESULTS: The mean VO 2 (volume @entity26 ) in @entity1 with positive @entity2710 test (20.45 mL/kg/min) was significantly lower than @entity1 with negative MCT (28.69 mL/kg/min) (P = 0.000). Respiratory rates per minute (RR) and minute ventilation in the group with positive MCT (38.85 and 1.636 L) were significantly lower than the group with negative @entity2710 test (46.78 and 2.114 L) (P < 0.05). Also, the O 2 pulse rate in the group with negative @entity2710 test (116.27 mL/beat) was significantly higher than the group with positive @entity2710 test (84.26 mL/beat) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary response to exercise in @entity1 with positive @entity2710 test is insufficient. The dead space ventilation in these @entity1 has increased. Also, dynamic hyperinflation in @entity1 with positive @entity2710 test causes the reduced @entity64 volume and O 2 pulse in these @entity1 .

title: Exertional-induced bronchoconstriction: Comparison between cardiopulmonary exercise test and XXXX challenging test.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary diseases']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

answer: @entity2710 :: (MESH:D016210,Chemical) :: ['methacholine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Elevated low-density lipoprotein @entity165 and @entity1674 are major risk factors for @entity453 . However, @entity1718 from @entity1674 are a major energy source, low-density lipoprotein @entity165 is critical for cell membrane synthesis, and both are critical for cell survival. This study was designed to clarify the relationship between lipid profile, morbidity as assessed by Killip classification, and 30-day mortality in @entity1 with @entity583 . DESIGN: A noninterventional observational study. SETTING: Coronary care unit in a university hospital. @entity1 : Seven hundred twenty-four @entity1 with @entity583 in the coronary care program of the Bureau of Health Promotion were analyzed. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Low-density lipoprotein @entity165 and @entity412 levels were significantly lower in high-Killip (III+IV) @entity1 compared with low-Killip (I+II) @entity1 and in those who died compared with those who survived beyond 30 days (both p<0.001). After adjustment for risk factors, low-density lipoprotein @entity165 less than 62.5 mg/dL and @entity1674 less than 110 mg/dL were identified as optimal threshold values for predicting 30-day mortality and were associated with hazard ratios of 1.65 (95% CI, 1.18-2.30) and 5.05 (95% CI, 1.75-14.54), and the actual mortality rates were 23% in low low-density lipoprotein, 6% in high low-density lipoprotein, 14% in low @entity1674 , and 3% in high @entity1674 groups, respectively. To test the synergistic effect, high-Killip @entity1 with @entity1674 less than 62.5 mg/dL and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 less than 110 mg/dL had a 10.9-fold higher adjusted risk of mortality than low-Killip @entity1 with @entity1674 greater than or equal to 62.5 mg/dL and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 greater than or equal to 110 mg/dL (p<0.001). The lipid paradox also improved @entity583 short-term outcomes prediction on original Killip and thrombolytic in @entity583 scores. CONCLUSIONS: Low low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , low @entity1674 , and high Killip severity were associated with significantly higher 30-day in-hospital mortality in @entity1 presenting with @entity583 . The initial lipid profile of @entity1 with @entity583 may therefore hold prognostic value.

title: Lipid paradox in XXXX -the association with 30-day in-hospital mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Industrial wasteland soils with aged @entity2556 and heavy metal contaminations are environments where pollutant @entity137 has been maintained for decades. Although the communities may be well adapted to the presence of stressors, knowledge about microbial diversity in such soils is scarce. Soil microbial community dynamics can be driven by the presence of plants, but the impact of plant development on selection or diversification of microorganisms in these soils has not been established yet. To test these hypotheses, aged-contaminated soil samples from a field trial were collected. Plots planted with alfalfa were compared to bare soil plots, and @entity364 and abundance were assessed after 2 and 6  years. Using pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene and ITS amplicons, we showed that the bacterial community was dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes and was characterized by low Acidobacteria abundance, while the fungal community was mainly represented by members of the Ascomycota. The short-term toxic impact of pollutants usually reduces the microbial diversity, yet in our samples bacterial and fungal species richness and diversity was high suggesting that the community structure and diversity adapted to the contaminated soil over decades. The presence of plants induced higher @entity364 than in bare soil. It also increased the relative abundance of bacterial members of the Actinomycetales, Rhizobiales, and Xanthomonadales orders and of most fungal orders. Multivariate analysis showed correlations between microbial community structure and heavy metal and @entity2556 concentrations over time, but also with edaphic parameters (C/N, pH, @entity3151 , and @entity1568 concentrations).

title: The Bacterial and Fungal Diversity of an Aged XXXX - and Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soil is Affected by Plant Cover and Edaphic Parameters.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial and fungal diversity']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

answer: @entity2556 :: (CHEBI:33848,Chemical) :: ['PAH']


abstract: In the last decades, beef @entity291 breeding mainly focused on improving production and reproduction traits. Nowadays, there is a growing interest to include behavior and type traits in the breeding goal. There is an interest in behavior as it is associated with @entity1 safety and workability and in type traits as they might be associated with longevity of @entity291 . The objective of the current study was to estimate the heritability for behavior and type traits in Charolais and to estimate the genetic correlations among these traits. Behavior traits, including @entity146 at parturition, @entity146 during gestation period, and maternal care, were scored by farmers using an on-farm recording system to enable large-scale collection of phenotypes. Type traits, including udder traits ( = 3), teat traits (3), feet and leg traits (5), and locomotion (1), were scored by 10 trained classifiers. Data was available on 6,649 @entity291 in parity 1 to 12 and located in 380 herds. Results showed that differences between herds explained up to 23% of the total phenotypic variance in behavior traits. This might be due to differences in management or to consistent differences in scoring between farmers. @entity146 at parturition had higher heritability (0.19) and higher genetic coefficient of variation (CV = 11%) than @entity146 during gestation ( = 0.06 and CV = 4%) and maternal care ( = 0.02 and CV = 2%). Heritabilities for udder traits (0.14 to 0.20) and teat traits (0.17 to 0.35) were higher than for feet and leg traits (0.02 to 0.19). Genetic coefficients of variation for udder and teat traits were also higher (up to 21%) than for feet and leg traits (up to 11%). Strong genetic correlations were found between behavior traits (with absolute values from 0.71 to 0.98). The genetic correlations indicate that it is difficulty to simultaneously improve maternal care and reduce @entity146 . We concluded that there are good opportunities to implement selection for improved udder and teat traits and against @entity146 at parturition using a simple on-farm recording system of behavior.

title: Genetic parameters for large-scale behavior traits and type traits in Charolais beef XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Aggressiveness', 'aggressiveness']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: We studied the prevalence of @entity56 in an unselected group of 708 adolescents aged 15-17 years. All subjects were physically examined and interviewed by the authors. The prevalence of past or present @entity565 was 5.7% in @entity1 and 3.1% in @entity1 . The figures for hay @entity221 were 14% and 8%, and for @entity483 ( @entity56 ) 25% and 30%, respectively. In 24% of all symptomatic subjects, the condition had not been active during the year preceding the study. The sex difference in the prevalence of hay @entity221 was significant. It is associated with higher immediate skin test reactivity in @entity1 . A progressive increase in the frequency of @entity56 was observed with increasing number of positive skin reactions in both @entity1 and @entity1 . Respiratory @entity566 was closely related to a positive skin test: 87% of the asthmatics and 83% of all those with @entity2023 exhibited at least one positive skin reaction. For @entity483 the association was less pronounced. Nineteen per cent of the population studied had a positive symptom history and a positive skin test to pollens, animal epithelia or dusts indicating a clinically significant relationship. However, 39% of the 346 subjects with a positive skin test, including some with a large number of positive reactions, were completely asymptomatic.

title: XXXX and immediate skin test reactivity in Finnish adolescents.

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic disorders', 'including allergic urticaria']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['Allergic disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity85 ( @entity85 ) are potential sources of morbidity in @entity4256 ( @entity4256 ). This is particularly true for those who perform follicular unit extraction (FUE). OBJECTIVE: To describe the nature, prevalence, and extent of ergonomic or work-related @entity85 among @entity4256 . METHODS _ MATERIALS: A survey regarding @entity85 was e-mailed to 100 @entity4256 . RESULTS: Thirty-eight @entity4256 completed the survey, the majority of which were male and between the ages of 50-69. Fifty percent of respondents reported musculoskeletal symptoms occurring during or after hair restoration procedures. Reports of @entity158 during and after surgery were higher for FUE procedures than single strip excision procedures. @entity158 / @entity1295 /discomfort persisted for longer following FUE procedures compared to strip excision procedures. @entity11159 symptoms also negatively impacted quality of life. Although the majority of respondents felt that ergonomics was important, only 30% use ergonomic support when performing FUE procedures. CONCLUSION: Hair restoration surgeons should be aware of @entity11159 symptoms and particularly when performing FUE. Symptoms reported included @entity158 , @entity1295 , and discomfort, sometimes lasting several hours following surgery. More attention needs to be paid to ergonomics during hair restoration procedures in order to improve the quality of life of surgeons and ultimately prevent the development of @entity85 .

title: Ergonomics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4256 :: ('MESH:D054019', 'Disease') :: ['HRS', 'hair restoration surgeons']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Musculoskeletal disorders', 'MSDs']

answer: @entity4256 :: (MESH:D054019,Disease) :: ['hair restoration surgeons']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The cutaneous signs of @entity370 are polymorphous and occasionally misleading. Herein, we report a rare case of profuse @entity370 involving various rare cutaneous signs specific to the disease associated with multiple @entity957 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A seventy-three-year-old @entity1 had been presenting @entity37137 for 2 years. The examination also revealed diffuse cutaneous @entity194 with @entity1066 , superficial adenopathy and pseudotumoral hypodermic masses. Ophthalmological examination revealed conjunctival nodules. Biopsy samples for the various cutaneous lesions, salivary glands, conjunctival nodules, a hypodermic nodule and an adenopathy yielded similar images evocative of epithelioid @entity738 and @entity7468 without caseous @entity39 . Infectious causes were ruled out. Respiratory function tests showed a restrictive @entity1576 . @entity1289 levels were extremely high. @entity644 was noted for 24-hour urine tests and renal punch biopsy showed an appearance of membrane-proliferative @entity631 . Oral @entity288 produced clinical and laboratory improvement. Furthermore, the @entity1 was also presenting several invasive @entity957 in a setting of marked helioderma. DISCUSSION: Erythrodermic, ichthyosiform, atrophied, ulcerated and pseudotumoral forms of @entity370 are very uncommon and their simultaneous appearance in the same @entity1 is extremely rare. Further, the existence of numerous cutaneous @entity189 in this @entity1 raises the question of an association between @entity370 and @entity5 , with fortuitous association appearing unlikely.

title: [Profuse XXXX associated with multiple @entity957 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'PATIENTS', 'man']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['Proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity37137 :: ('MESH:D016113', 'Disease') :: ['dry ichthyosiform erythroderma']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity7468 :: ('MESH:D018286', 'Disease') :: ['giant cells']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disorder']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous sarcoidosis', 'sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['sarcoidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The cutaneous signs of @entity370 are polymorphous and occasionally misleading. Herein, we report a rare case of profuse @entity370 involving various rare cutaneous signs specific to the disease associated with multiple @entity957 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A seventy-three-year-old @entity1 had been presenting @entity37137 for 2 years. The examination also revealed diffuse cutaneous @entity194 with @entity1066 , superficial adenopathy and pseudotumoral hypodermic masses. Ophthalmological examination revealed conjunctival nodules. Biopsy samples for the various cutaneous lesions, salivary glands, conjunctival nodules, a hypodermic nodule and an adenopathy yielded similar images evocative of epithelioid @entity738 and @entity7468 without caseous @entity39 . Infectious causes were ruled out. Respiratory function tests showed a restrictive @entity1576 . @entity1289 levels were extremely high. @entity644 was noted for 24-hour urine tests and renal punch biopsy showed an appearance of membrane-proliferative @entity631 . Oral @entity288 produced clinical and laboratory improvement. Furthermore, the @entity1 was also presenting several invasive @entity957 in a setting of marked helioderma. DISCUSSION: Erythrodermic, ichthyosiform, atrophied, ulcerated and pseudotumoral forms of @entity370 are very uncommon and their simultaneous appearance in the same @entity1 is extremely rare. Further, the existence of numerous cutaneous @entity189 in this @entity1 raises the question of an association between @entity370 and @entity5 , with fortuitous association appearing unlikely.

title: [Profuse @entity370 associated with multiple XXXX ].

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this paper is to understand the process of information disclosure and privacy as @entity1 share their news of @entity2 with significant others. METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with @entity2 and 17 family members/friends accompanying them at diagnosis-giving completed either individual or dyad semi-structured interviews. Initial thematic analysis, then Petronio's Communication Privacy Management theory was used to inform interpretation. RESULTS: @entity1 described a sense of ownership of the news of their @entity5 and sought control of how, when and with whom it was shared. Family members expressed a need to follow the @entity1 ' rules in sharing this news, which limited their own support systems. @entity1 and family members had to live within the relational communication boundaries in order to maintain their trusting relationship and avoid potential disruptions. CONCLUSION: @entity1 as individuals are strongly interlinked with significant others, which impacts on their experience of disclosing private information. This shapes their psychological processes and outcomes impacting on their illness experience. This should be considered when developing interventions to support @entity1 with sharing bad news. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Sharing bad news of a XXXX diagnosis: understanding through communication privacy management theory.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: During the years 1959 to 1978 inclusive 2165 @entity1 with @entity6331 had vaginal deliveries at three large Dublin maternity hospitals. There were two (0.09%) cases of puerperal @entity884 , neither of which was unequivocally related to preceding childbirth during this period. Routine peripartum antibiotic prophylaxis was not given to either. A questionnaire of the practice of 19 obstetricians in Ireland showed that 12 (63%) gave antibiotics routinely during labour and after delivery in cardiac @entity1 , five (26%) did not, and two (11%) used them occasionally. Peripheral vein blood was drawn serially from 0 to 30 minutes after vaginal delivery to determine the incidence of asymptomatic @entity20395 . A total of 299 cultures was obtained from 83 normal @entity1 and single blood cultures were positive in three @entity1 (3.6% of @entity1 , 1.0% of cultures). A review of the published reports showed that well-documented cases of @entity884 and of asymptomatic @entity20395 after normal vaginal delivery are uncommon. There is evidence that antibiotic prophylaxis may increase the risk of developing antibiotic-resistant @entity884 . Recommended prophylactic regimens carry a considerable risk of @entity137 . These facts, coupled with a lack of direct evidence in support of the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis, suggest that routine peripartum antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated.

title: Antibiotic prophylaxis against XXXX after normal delivery--is it necessary?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6331 :: ('MESH:D012214', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic or congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['drug toxicity']

entities_list: @entity20395 :: ('MESH:D011644', 'Disease') :: ['puerperal bacteraemia']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['infective endocarditis', 'endocarditis']

answer: @entity884 :: (MESH:D004696,Disease) :: ['infective endocarditis']


abstract: Comparative transcriptomics between species can provide valuable understanding of plant-pathogen interactions. Here, we focus on wild Solanum species and @entity415 clones with varying degree of resistance against @entity15908 , which causes the devastating late @entity66 in @entity415 . The transcriptomes of three wild Solanum species native to Southern Sweden, Solanum dulcamara, Solanum nigrum, and Solanum physalifolium were compared to three @entity415 clones, Desiree (cv.), SW93-1015 and Sarpo Mira. Desiree and S. physalifolium are susceptible to @entity15908 whereas the other four have different degrees of resistance. By building transcript families based on de novo assembled RNA-seq across species and clones and correlating these to resistance phenotypes, we created a novel workflow to identify families with expanded or depleted number of transcripts in relation to the @entity15908 resistance level. Analysis was facilitated by inferring functional annotations based on the family structure and semantic clustering. More transcript families were expanded in the resistant clones and species and the enriched functions of these were associated to expected gene ontology (GO) terms for resistance mechanisms such as hypersensitive response, host programmed cell death and endopeptidase activity. However, a number of unexpected functions and transcripts were also identified, for example transmembrane transport and protein acylation expanded in the susceptible group and a cluster of Zinc knuckle family proteins expanded in the resistant group. Over 400 expressed putative resistance (R-)genes were identified and resistant clones Sarpo Mira and SW93-1015 had ca 25% more expressed putative R-genes than susceptible cultivar Desiree. However, no differences in numbers of susceptibility (S-)gene homologs were seen between species and clones. In addition, we identified @entity15908 transcripts including effectors in the early stages of @entity15908 -Solanum interactions.

title: A novel workflow correlating RNA-seq data to Phythophthora infestans resistance levels in wild Solanum species and XXXX clones.

entities_list: @entity15908 :: ('4787', 'Species') :: ['P. infestans', 'Phytophthora infestans']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['blight disease']

answer: @entity415 :: (4113,Species) :: ['potato']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Systemic off-target @entity137 , including @entity2359 , are prevalent side effects in @entity5 @entity1 treated with a number of otherwise highly efficacious anticancer drugs. In the current study, we have: (1) developed a new analytical metric for the in vivo preclinical assessment of systemic @entity137 / @entity2359 of new drugs and delivery systems; and (2) evaluated, in @entity19 , the in vivo efficacy and @entity137 of a versatile and modular NanoDendron (ND) drug delivery and imaging platform that we recently developed. Our paclitaxel-carrying ND prodrug, ND(PXL), is activated following proteolytic cleavage by @entity1235 , resulting in localized cytotoxic chemotherapy. Using click chemistry, we combined ND(PXL) with a traceable beacon, ND(PB), yielding ND(PXL)-ND(PB) that functions as a theranostic compound. In vivo fluorescence FRET imaging of this theranostic platform was used to confirm localized delivery to @entity5 and to assess the efficiency of drug delivery to @entity5 , achieving 25-30% activation in the @entity5 of an immunocompetent @entity19 model of @entity0 . In this model, ND-drug exhibited anti- @entity5 efficacy comparable to nab-paclitaxel, a clinical formulation. In addition, we combined neurobehavioral metrics of nociception and sensorimotor performance of individual @entity19 to develop a novel composite @entity137 score that reveals and quantifies peripheral @entity2359 , a debilitating long-term systemic @entity137 of paclitaxel therapy. Importantly, @entity19 treated with nab-paclitaxel developed changes in behavioral metrics with significantly higher @entity137 scores indicative of @entity1897 , while @entity19 treated with ND(PXL) showed no significant changes in behavioral responses or @entity137 score. Our ND formulation was designed to be readily adaptable to incorporate different drugs, imaging modalities and/or targeting motifs. This formulation has significant potential for preclinical and clinical tools across multiple disease states. The studies presented here report a novel @entity137 score for assessing @entity1897 and demonstrate that our targeted, theranostic NDs are safe and effective, providing localized @entity5 delivery of a chemotherapeutic and with reduced common @entity2359 side-effects.

title: New tools for the quantitative assessment of prodrug delivery and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity', 'neurotoxic']

answer: @entity2359 :: (MESH:D020258,Disease) :: ['neurotoxicity']


abstract: @entity4577 ( @entity4577 ) is one of the frequent causes of elevated mortality in salmonid aquaculture. Previously, we identified and validated microsatellites on chromosome Omy19 associated with QTL (quantitative trait loci) for @entity4577 resistance and spleen size in @entity5660 . Recently, SNPs (single @entity4334 polymorphism) have become the markers of choice for genetic analyses in @entity5660 as they are highly abundant, cost-effective and are amenable for high throughput genotyping. The objective of this study was to identify SNP markers associated with @entity4577 resistance and spleen size using both genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and linkage-based QTL mapping approaches. A total of 298 offspring from the two half-sib families used in our previous study to validate the significant @entity4577 QTL on chromosome Omy19 were genotyped with RAD-seq (restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing), and 7,849 informative SNPs were identified. Based on GWAS, 18 SNPs associated with @entity4577 resistance and 20 SNPs associated with spleen size were identified. Linkage-based QTL mapping revealed three significant QTL for @entity4577 resistance. In addition to the previously validated dam-derived QTL on chromosome Omy19, two significant @entity4577 QTL derived from the sires were identified on chromosomes Omy8 and Omy25, respectively. A sire-derived significant QTL for spleen size on chromosome Omy2 was detected. The SNP markers reported in this study will facilitate fine mapping to identify positional candidate genes for @entity4577 resistance in @entity5660 .

title: Identification of single nucleotide polymorphism markers associated with bacterial cold water disease resistance and spleen size in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5660 :: ('8022', 'Species') :: ['rainbow trout']

entities_list: @entity4577 :: ('MESH:D017192', 'Disease') :: ['BCWD', 'Bacterial cold water disease']

answer: @entity5660 :: (8022,Species) :: ['rainbow trout']


abstract: Importance: The identification of genomic signatures that aid early identification of individuals at risk for @entity72 ( @entity72 ) in the toddler period remains a major challenge because of the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of the disorder. Generally, @entity72 is not diagnosed before the fourth to fifth birthday. Objective: To apply a functional genomic approach to identify a biologically relevant signature with promising performance in the diagnostic classification of @entity1 and toddlers with @entity72 . Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Proof-of-principle study of leukocyte RNA expression levels from 2 independent cohorts of @entity1 aged 1 to 4 years (142 discovery @entity1 and 73 replication @entity1 ) using Illumina microarrays. Coexpression analysis of differentially expressed genes between Discovery @entity72 and control toddlers were used to define gene modules and eigengenes used in a diagnostic classification analysis. Independent validation of the classifier performance was tested on the replication cohort. Pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses were used to confirm biological relevance of the functional networks in the classifier. @entity1 recruitment occurred in general pediatric clinics and community settings. Male @entity1 and toddlers (age range, 1-4 years) were enrolled in the study. Recruitment criteria followed the 1-Year Well-Baby Check-Up Approach. Diagnostic judgment followed DSM-IV-TR and @entity2438 Diagnostic Observation Schedule criteria for @entity2438 . @entity1 with @entity72 were compared with control groups composed of typically developing toddlers as well as toddlers with global developmental or @entity10791 . Main Outcomes and Measures: Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used in a classification test to establish the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of the module-based classifier. Results: Our signature of differentially coexpressed genes was enriched in translation and immune/inflammation functions and produced 83% accuracy. In an independent test with approximately half of the sample and a different microarray, the diagnostic classification of @entity72 vs control samples was 75% accurate. Consistent with its @entity72 specificity, our signature did not distinguish toddlers with global developmental or @entity10791 from typically developing toddlers (62% accuracy). Conclusions and Relevance: This proof-of-principle study demonstrated that genomic biomarkers with very good sensitivity and specificity for @entity1 with @entity72 in general pediatric settings can be identified. It also showed that a blood-based clinical test for at-risk male @entity1 and toddlers could be refined and routinely implemented in pediatric diagnostic settings.

title: Prediction of XXXX by Translation and Immune/Inflammation Coexpressed Genes in Toddlers From Pediatric Community Practices.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'Participant', 'infants', 'Participants', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity10791 :: ('MESH:D007805', 'Disease') :: ['language delay']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorder']

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autism', 'Autism']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['Autism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Panlongqi tablet (Chinese characters ) combined with lumbar facet joint release for @entity2649 of type Fengshi Bizu (Chinese characters). METHODS: Since February 2012 to February 2013, 120 @entity1 with @entity2649 were retrospectively studied. According to different treatment methods, 120 @entity1 with @entity2649 were divided into Panlongqi tablet (Chinese characters)group and control groups, respectively. In Panlongqi tablet (Chinese characters)group, 60 @entity1 were treated by Panlongqi tablet (Chinese characters) combined with lumbar facet joints release solution including 26 males and 34 females with an average age of (60.40  3.36) years old ranging from 46 to 65 ; the course of the disease was 2 to 15 years (averaged 7.6 years). In control group the other 60 @entity1 were treated with lumbar facet joint release including 24 males and 36 females with an average age of (61.20  2.47) years old ranging from 48 to 63; the course was 3 to 14 years (averaged 6.9 years). The clinical effect of @entity1 were evaluated by JOA and ODI score before treatment, at 4 weeks and 3 months after treatment. RESULTS: All @entity1 were followed up for 4 to 7 months (means 5.6 months). After 3 months,7 cases in control group recurrenced symptoms,only 1 case in Panlongqi tablet (Chinese characters) group recurrenced. At 4 weeks and 3 months of follow-up, ODI score and JOA score of Panlongqi tablet group were much better than those of the control group. CONCLUSION: For @entity2649 of type Fengshi Bizu (Chinese characters),which were treated with lumbar facet joint release with Panlongqi tablet(Chinese characters), supplemented by back muscle exercise, in relieving waist and low back @entity2531 and improving functional status of lower lumbar spine, can obtain satisfactory clinical outcome, is a good method of conservative treatment for such diseases.

title: [Panlongqi tablet (Chinese characters) combined with lumbar facet joint release for the treatment of XXXX of Fengshi Bizu (Chinese characters)].

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar spinal stenosis of Fengshi Bizu (Chinese characters) syndrome', 'lumbar spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['pain symptoms']

answer: @entity2649 :: (MESH:C563613,Disease) :: ['lumbar spinal stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of @entity29565 for treatment of the painful @entity29565 in adults. METHODS: From June 2006 to June 2012, a total of 38 feet (in 35 adult @entity1 ) with painful @entity29565 underwent an fusion operation of the primary and accessory navicular bones,including 26 males and 9 females with a mean age of (32.4  7.3) years old ranging from 18 to 44 years old. The course of disease ranged from 3 to 10 months. The perioperative complications and radiological outcomes were observed and recorded. The foot function before and after operation were assessed by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score, and the easement of the @entity158 was evaluated by visual analog score (VAS). RESULTS: Two @entity1 had transient superficial @entity32 of the incision, no obvious perioperative complications occurred. All @entity1 were follow-up for (53.5  14.7) months (12 to 84 months). Bone union was confirmed on plain radiography in 32 cases (35 feet). The mean time from the operation to union was (13.7  2.3) weeks (9 to 18 weeks). @entity282 VAS score was improved obviosly than preoperative (V=12.14,P< 0.01). The talar-to-first metatarsal angle [(9.4  3.5)   vs (8.3  2.7)  , t=0.736, P>0.05)], calcaneal tilt angle [(17.7  2.2)   vs (18.9  3.4)  , t=0.794, P>0.05],talonavicular uncoverage angle [(14.3  3.4)   vs(12.5?4.6)  ,t=0.947, P>0.05) ],and height of the first tarsometatarsal joint [(14.8  3.1) mm vs (15.9  2.8) mm,t=0.814,P>0.05)] before and after operations had no statistic difference. The AOFAS midfoot score was improced from preoperative 45.6  5.3 to postoperative 82.5  7.4 (t=3.214,P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: For the painful @entity29565 in adults, if the @entity1 has a large navicular bone and not complicated with @entity2003 , once the conservative treatment fails, fusion of the primary and accessory naviculars may be a successful intervention. Overall, the procedure provides reliable @entity158 relief, definite foot function improvement, and good @entity1 satisfaction.

title: [Outcome of XXXX for the treatment of the painful @entity29565 in adults].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid flatfoot']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity29565 :: ('MESH:C536002', 'Disease') :: ['accessory navicular with type I', 'accessory navicular bone of type II', 'accessory navicular fusion']

answer: @entity29565 :: (MESH:C536002,Disease) :: ['accessory navicular fusion']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of @entity29565 for treatment of the painful @entity29565 in adults. METHODS: From June 2006 to June 2012, a total of 38 feet (in 35 adult @entity1 ) with painful @entity29565 underwent an fusion operation of the primary and accessory navicular bones,including 26 males and 9 females with a mean age of (32.4  7.3) years old ranging from 18 to 44 years old. The course of disease ranged from 3 to 10 months. The perioperative complications and radiological outcomes were observed and recorded. The foot function before and after operation were assessed by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score, and the easement of the @entity158 was evaluated by visual analog score (VAS). RESULTS: Two @entity1 had transient superficial @entity32 of the incision, no obvious perioperative complications occurred. All @entity1 were follow-up for (53.5  14.7) months (12 to 84 months). Bone union was confirmed on plain radiography in 32 cases (35 feet). The mean time from the operation to union was (13.7  2.3) weeks (9 to 18 weeks). @entity282 VAS score was improved obviosly than preoperative (V=12.14,P< 0.01). The talar-to-first metatarsal angle [(9.4  3.5)   vs (8.3  2.7)  , t=0.736, P>0.05)], calcaneal tilt angle [(17.7  2.2)   vs (18.9  3.4)  , t=0.794, P>0.05],talonavicular uncoverage angle [(14.3  3.4)   vs(12.5?4.6)  ,t=0.947, P>0.05) ],and height of the first tarsometatarsal joint [(14.8  3.1) mm vs (15.9  2.8) mm,t=0.814,P>0.05)] before and after operations had no statistic difference. The AOFAS midfoot score was improced from preoperative 45.6  5.3 to postoperative 82.5  7.4 (t=3.214,P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: For the painful @entity29565 in adults, if the @entity1 has a large navicular bone and not complicated with @entity2003 , once the conservative treatment fails, fusion of the primary and accessory naviculars may be a successful intervention. Overall, the procedure provides reliable @entity158 relief, definite foot function improvement, and good @entity1 satisfaction.

title: [Outcome of @entity29565 for the treatment of the painful XXXX in adults].

answer: @entity29565 :: (MESH:C536002,Disease) :: ['accessory navicular bone of type II']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the importance of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in the treatment of @entity385 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis and comparison of randomized controlled trials (RCT) of MT versus @entity41335 ( @entity41335 ) considering pathophysiological and logistic aspects. RESULTS: The use of MT is more effective than @entity41335 for internal carotid artery terminus (ICAT), M1 segment and tandem occlusions, i.e. proximal internal carotid artery (ICA) @entity432 or @entity850 , even in @entity1 older than 75-80 years of age. Due to the small sample sizes this question cannot be answered for @entity1 with M2 occlusions. It is still uncertain whether MT is needed in @entity1 with a low National Institutes of @entity64 scale (NIHSS) score, whether @entity41335 is needed before MT and what type of imaging should be performed. Approximately one third of eligible @entity1 currently undergo MT in Germany. Results from RCTs with stent retrievers for @entity1 with vertebrobasilar artery occlusions are lacking. CONCLUSION: After becoming established as a first-line therapy for @entity1 with ICAT, M1 segment and tandem occlusions, the effectiveness of MT with stent retrievers has to proven in @entity1 with more distal occlusions, low NIHSS scores and even vertebrobasilar artery occlusions.

title: [Mechanical thrombectomy for acute XXXX : Current evidence and open questions].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Health stroke']

entities_list: @entity41335 :: ('MESH:C538155', 'Disease') :: ['i.v. thrombolysis', 'IVT']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: 196 cases of @entity5649 of the upper limb with well-established ischaemia are presented. In all cases tight external circumferential splintage was the primary factor. 59.2% of these @entity1 had been initially treated by "bone setters". 54.6% had @entity174 of the forearm; supracondylar fracture of the humerus was seen in 10.7% and 17.9% had no evidence of @entity79 . Different patterns of @entity1159 are recognised and the severity of the contracture is found to be related to the extent of @entity912 . Sensory recovery occurs in a proximodistal direction even following total ischaemia and @entity528 . Motor recovery, however, does not seem to take place. Sensory recovery in the forearm proceeds rapidly in the first six months; thereafter it is less significant. However, the sensory recovery in the hand is significant only after more than twelve months. Since sensory recovery occurs even after total @entity528 it is postulated that such nerves recover and regenerate in course of time.

title: XXXX and recovery following ischaemia of the upper limb.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity5649 :: ('MESH:D054061', 'Disease') :: ["Volkmann's Ischaemic Contracture"]

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone or joint injury']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic contractures']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic degeneration of the nerve', 'degeneration of the nerve']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity1159 :: (MESH:D003286,Disease) :: ['Pattern of contracture']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the 5-year outcome of @entity1 treated with self-expanding covered stents for superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusive disease and identify parameters that could predict loss of primary patency. METHODS: In a dual-center study, 315 consecutive @entity1 (mean age 69.0  10.1 years; 232 @entity1 ) treated for @entity432 in 334 limbs with Viabahn self-expanding covered stents between 2001 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Mean lesion length was 11.7  8.8 cm, and half of the lesions were classified as TASC II C/D. Five-year patency rates were calculated, and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess potential factors affecting patency. RESULTS: All-cause mortality at 5 years was 14.1%. Primary patency rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 72.2%, 51.8%, and 47.6%, respectively, with secondary patency rates of 86.2%, 78.7%, and 77.5%. Parameters predicting loss of primary patency in a univariate analysis were covered stent diameter (p=0.001), the number of covered stents per lesion (p=0.015), and TASC II D classification (p=0.007). Covered stent diameter was the only parameter predicting loss of primary patency in the multivariate regression analysis (p=0.001), with 7-mm covered stents having superior performance. CONCLUSION: Five-year patency rates of self-expanding covered stents inserted for @entity432 are within an acceptable range. Covered stent diameter is the most relevant factor in predicting loss of primary patency, and thus, an adequate diameter of the distal landing site seems to be among the most important factors in the decision-making process. In smaller vessels, one should not use covered stents but venous conduits, as oversizing may be detrimental.

title: Five-Year Outcome of Self-Expanding Covered Stents for Superficial Femoral XXXX and an Analysis of Factors Predicting Failure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['SFA occlusive disease']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['Artery Occlusive Disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity301 ( @entity301 ) is a rare condition described as the delayed angiographic passage of a contrast agent in the absence of @entity850 in epicardial coronary arteries. @entity1002 have been described in the presence of @entity301 . However, the effect of @entity301 on LV twist functions has not been assessed. We aimed to evaluate the effects of @entity301 on LV twist mechanics using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). METHODS: Twenty @entity301 @entity1 (24-60  years) were enrolled according to the exclusion criteria. Twenty subjects with similar demographic characteristics and normal coronary arteries were the controls. @entity1 were evaluated with conventional echocardiography and STE. RESULTS: The general characteristics of the two groups were similar. LV twist, LV torsion, and @entity717 were impaired in the @entity301 group (P  =  0.015, P  =  0.012, and P  <  0.001, respectively). Time @entity31292 ( @entity31292 ) and time to peak untwisting (TPU) were prolonged in @entity301 @entity1 (P  <  0.001 and P  <  0.001, respectively). In the @entity301 group, rotation-deformation delay was @entity353 (GLS) was lower (P  <  0.001). The thrombolysis in @entity583 (TIMI) frame count was negatively correlated with LV twist, LV torsion and @entity717 (P  =  0.002, r  =  -0.624; P  =  0.002, r  =  -0.624; and P  =  0.002, r  =  -0.632, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that LV twist mechanics are impaired in @entity301 @entity1 . Worse LV twist parameters were associated with greater TIMI frame count.

title: Left Ventricular Twist Mechanics Are Impaired in XXXX with Coronary Slow Flow.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['shortened (P  <  0.001) and global longitudinal strain']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CSF', 'Coronary slow flow']

entities_list: @entity31292 :: ('MESH:C562485', 'Disease') :: ['TPT', 'to peak twist']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['apical rotation']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic dysfunctions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this study is to examine the effect of milk powder supplementation with different @entity460 contents on @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in postmenopausal Chinese @entity1 , and to determine a more appropriate dose of @entity460 supplementation. A 2-year, randomized controlled double-blind trial. Postmenopausal @entity1 (n  =  210) aged 50-65  years were recruited and assigned randomly into three @entity460 supplementation groups. All @entity1 received milk powder supplementation with different @entity460 contents (300, 600, and 900  mg per day for groups A, B, and C, respectively) and all groups received 800  IU of @entity560 per day. During the follow-up period, @entity79 of the left hip and lumbar spine (as the main indicator) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the baseline, 1 and 2  years. Both three @entity79 measures and the changes of @entity79 over 2  years were used to analyze. Before adjusting for covariates, @entity79 in group A of the lumbar spine and groups A and B of greater trochanter decreased significantly from the baseline over time but increased significantly in the rest groups of the lumbar spine and greater trochanter and in three groups of Ward's triangle. There were significant differences across the three groups for changes of @entity79 in the greater trochanter and Ward's triangle. When adjusting for covariates, there were significant decreases with time in group A of the spine (P  =  0.001), groups A and B of greater trochanter (P  =  0.0002 and P  =  0.04, respectively) and increases in groups B and C of Ward's triangle (P  =  0.03 and P  =  0.004, respectively). @entity79 change in the greater trochanter was significantly different among three groups. For healthy postmenopausal @entity1 , high @entity460 milk powder supplementation was better in retarding @entity604 than medium and low @entity460 in the greater trochanter. Considering the dietary @entity460 intake of postmenopausal @entity1 in north of China, a dose of 900  mg/day is considered as the most appropriate @entity460 supplementation for greater trochanter but not for other sites.

title: Effect of Milk Powder Supplementation with Different XXXX Contents on Bone Mineral Density of Postmenopausal @entity1 in Northern China: A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this study is to examine the effect of milk powder supplementation with different @entity460 contents on @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in postmenopausal Chinese @entity1 , and to determine a more appropriate dose of @entity460 supplementation. A 2-year, randomized controlled double-blind trial. Postmenopausal @entity1 (n  =  210) aged 50-65  years were recruited and assigned randomly into three @entity460 supplementation groups. All @entity1 received milk powder supplementation with different @entity460 contents (300, 600, and 900  mg per day for groups A, B, and C, respectively) and all groups received 800  IU of @entity560 per day. During the follow-up period, @entity79 of the left hip and lumbar spine (as the main indicator) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the baseline, 1 and 2  years. Both three @entity79 measures and the changes of @entity79 over 2  years were used to analyze. Before adjusting for covariates, @entity79 in group A of the lumbar spine and groups A and B of greater trochanter decreased significantly from the baseline over time but increased significantly in the rest groups of the lumbar spine and greater trochanter and in three groups of Ward's triangle. There were significant differences across the three groups for changes of @entity79 in the greater trochanter and Ward's triangle. When adjusting for covariates, there were significant decreases with time in group A of the spine (P  =  0.001), groups A and B of greater trochanter (P  =  0.0002 and P  =  0.04, respectively) and increases in groups B and C of Ward's triangle (P  =  0.03 and P  =  0.004, respectively). @entity79 change in the greater trochanter was significantly different among three groups. For healthy postmenopausal @entity1 , high @entity460 milk powder supplementation was better in retarding @entity604 than medium and low @entity460 in the greater trochanter. Considering the dietary @entity460 intake of postmenopausal @entity1 in north of China, a dose of 900  mg/day is considered as the most appropriate @entity460 supplementation for greater trochanter but not for other sites.

title: Effect of Milk Powder Supplementation with Different @entity460 Contents on Bone Mineral Density of Postmenopausal XXXX in Northern China: A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Muscle protein synthesis (MPS) is stimulated by resistance exercise (RE) and is further stimulated by protein ingestion. The summation of periods of RE-induced increases in MPS can induce @entity1184 chronically. As such, studying the response of MPS with @entity3013 ( @entity3013 ) is informative, as adaptations in this process can modulate muscle mass gain. Previous studies have shown that the amplitude and duration of increases in MPS after an acute bout of RE are modulated by an individual's training status. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the initial responses of MPS to RE and nutrition are not correlated with subsequent @entity1184 . Thus, early acute responses of MPS in the hours after RE, in an untrained state, do not capture how MPS can affect RE-induced @entity2086 . The purpose of this review is provide an in-depth understanding of the dynamic process of @entity2086 throughout @entity3013 by examining all of the available data on MPS after RE and in different phases of an @entity3013 programme. Analysis of the time course and the overall response of MPS is critical to determine the potential protein accretion after an RE bout. Exercise-induced increases in MPS are shorter lived and peak earlier in the trained state than in the untrained state, resulting in a smaller overall muscle protein synthetic response in the trained state. Thus, @entity3013 induces a dampening of the MPS response, potentially limiting protein accretion, but when this occurs remains unknown.

title: A Review of Resistance Training-Induced Changes in Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis and Their Contribution to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2086 :: ('MESH:C536106', 'Disease') :: ['muscle hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3013 :: ('MESH:D060467', 'Disease') :: ['RT', 'resistance training']

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['Hypertrophy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Defects in articular cartilage ultimately result in @entity393 . Repairing cartilage defects requires cell sources. We developed an  approach to generate scaffoldless hyaline cartilage from @entity1 induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). We initially generated an hiPSC line that specifically expressed GFP in cartilage when @entity44 was formed. We optimized the culture conditions and found @entity1841 , @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ), and @entity26885 critical for GFP expression and thus chondrogenic differentiation of the hiPSCs. The subsequent use of scaffoldless suspension culture contributed to purification, producing homogenous cartilaginous particles. Subcutaneous transplantation of the hiPSC-derived particles generated hyaline cartilage that expressed type II collagen, but not type I collagen, in @entity465 @entity19 . Transplantation of the particles into joint surface defects in @entity465 @entity35 and immunosuppressed mini- @entity1707 indicated that neocartilage survived and had potential for integration into native cartilage. The @entity465 @entity19 and @entity35 suffered from neither @entity5 nor ectopic tissue formation. The hiPSC-derived cartilaginous particles constitute a viable cell source for regenerating cartilage defects.

title: Generation of Scaffoldless Hyaline Cartilaginous Tissue from XXXX iPSCs.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-b1', 'transforming growth factor b1']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of joint function']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: A 57-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity662 , dyspnoea and coffee grounds emesis. He was haemodynamically stable without significant drop in haemoglobin. He suddenly developed @entity1167 with wide complex @entity591 and became @entity772 . CT scan of the head revealed @entity5745 and @entity1188 . Given the recent history of radiofrequency ablation for @entity955 , @entity292 ( @entity292 ) was suspected. CT angiography of the thorax showed a 5   mm diverticulum on the posterior wall of the left atrium, also raising suspicion for @entity292 . The @entity1 was taken to the operating room. An @entity292 was found and repaired. He did not have any further @entity360 . There was no neurological recovery at day 11 and life support was withdrawn per his family's request. This case highlights the importance of obtaining history of recent cardiac procedures in @entity1 presenting with an @entity360 . An oesophagogastroduodenoscopy in this @entity1 could have been instantaneously deadly.

title: Unusual cause of XXXX , when OGD could be fatal.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity5745 :: ('MESH:D011007', 'Disease') :: ['pneumocephalus']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['comatose']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['multiple infarcts']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['atrio-oesophageal fistula', 'AOF']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding', 'upper gastrointestinal bleed']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleed']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: Rotavirus is the principal cause of nosocomial @entity697 (NAGE) under 5 years of age. The objectiveis to evaluate the validity and reliability of the @entity402 ( @entity402 ) in estimating the NAGE caused by rotavirus (NAGER) and to analyze any changes during the three years that the Rotarix   and Rotateq   vaccines were used in Spain.Material and methods: A descriptive, retrospectivestudy was carried out in the University Hospital of @entity35096 (Spain) between 2003-2009 using the @entity402 , positive microbiological results for rotavirus (PMRs), and medical histories.Three methods of estimation were used: 1) An ICD-9-CM code 008.61 in the secondary diagnosis fields (DIAG2) of @entity402 ; 2) method 1 and/or PMRs with a current or recent hospitalization; and 3) the reference method or method 2 contrasted with @entity1 medical histories. The validity of methods 1 and 2 was determined -sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios (LRs)-, along with their agreement with method 3 (Kappa coefficient). In addition, the incidence rate ratio between the NAGER rate in 2007-2009 (commercialization period of both vaccines) was calculated with respect to 2003-2005 (precommercialization period).Results: Method 1 identified 65 records with a DIAG2 of 008.61. Method 2 found 62 probable cases, and the reference method, 49 true cases. The sensitivity of the @entity402 was 67 %,the positive predictive value was 51 %, and both negative LR (LR-) and reliability were moderate (LR- 0.33, Kappa coefficient 0.58). During 2007-2009, the NARGE decreased by 5 cases per 103 hospitalizations and by 9 per 104 days of hospitalization. Method 2 overestimated both the decline in incidence by 2 per 103 hospitalizations and the decreased risk per day of stay by 10 %. The @entity402 found no differences between the two three-year periods, but, like method 2, showed an excellent level of diagnostic evidence (LR+ 67).Conclusion: The @entity402 taken together with microbiological results, is more exact, safer and more reliable than the @entity402 alone in estimating NAGER; and more useful in ruling out it. Nevertheless, the @entity402 alone may be used to estimate and compare such disease in contexts with different prevalences.

title: Validity and reliability of the minimum basic data set in estimating nosocomial XXXX caused by rotavirus.

entities_list: @entity402 :: ('MESH:C564133', 'Disease') :: ['minimum basic dataset', 'MBDS']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastroenteritis']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute gastroenteritis']


abstract: The in-vitro activity of @entity12301 was evaluated against 381 anaerobic clinical isolates and compared with that of @entity2892 , @entity3398 , @entity3399 ( @entity3399 ), @entity3524 and @entity2891 . Test isolates included strains with unknown resistance to the beta-lactam drugs, and two @entity2868 strains that could inactivate @entity3398 . @entity12301 and @entity2892 demonstrated superior activity against all the anaerobic bacteria tested, with MIC90s less than or equal to 1 mg/l. @entity12301 was generally one- to two-fold more active than @entity2892 . Resistance to both was demonstrated by the two Bact. fragilis strains that inactivated @entity3398 and by one strain of Fusobacterium; these three strains were also resistant to the other drugs studied. There were no other resistant strains to either @entity12301 or @entity2892 . @entity3524 and @entity2891 were the least active against the Bact. fragilis group, with resistance rates of 33 and 47%, respectively. Strains resistant to @entity3398 , latamoxef, @entity3524 and @entity2891 were found among some Clostridium spp. The Gram-positive cocci and Gram-positive bacilli were sensitive to all the drugs evaluated.

title: Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to XXXX and other beta-lactam antibiotics.

entities_list: @entity2868 :: ('817', 'Species') :: ['Bacteroides fragilis']

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime', 'Cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity2891 :: ('MESH:D002438', 'Chemical') :: ['cefoperazone']

entities_list: @entity3398 :: ('MESH:D002440', 'Chemical') :: ['cefoxitin']

entities_list: @entity3399 :: ('MESH:D009070', 'Chemical') :: ['moxalactam', 'latamoxef']

answer: @entity12301 :: (MESH:C044617,Chemical) :: ['Sch 34343']


abstract: PURPOSE: The medial branch of the posterior ramus of the lumbar spinal nerve is well known to be innervated independently and to end in the multifidus muscle without @entity254 . This prospective cohort study aimed to determine the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of @entity121 ( @entity121 ) by needle electromyography (N-EMG) for lumbar foraminal and lateral exit-zone @entity850 (LF/LEZS). METHODS: We enrolled 61 consecutive @entity1 experiencing @entity809 and/or @entity158 in the L4 or L5 regions with suspicious LF/LEZS. The Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for @entity158 , and N-EMG were examined. In this study protocol, all @entity1 received at least 3  months of conservative therapy. Surgery was performed on @entity1 who experienced less than 50  % VAS @entity158 relief compared with their initial score after confirming the responsible level by lumbar nerve root block. The specificity of N-EMG was the proportion of @entity1 who improved with conservative therapies (non-surgery) after 3  months. The sensitivity of N-EMG was the proportion of @entity1 who improved with surgical therapies (surgery) after more than 12  months. RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity1 underwent surgery. The initial lower JOA, positive Kemp test and motor weakness were significantly higher in the surgery group. The @entity121 by N-EMG indicated that 34 of 38 @entity1 were negative in the non-surgery group. In the surgery group, 21 of 23 @entity1 were positive. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 91.3 and 92.1  %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Needle electromyography is a simple and available additional method for the diagnosis of LF/LEZS.

title: Diagnostic accuracy of multifidus muscle spontaneous activity by needle electromyography for the detection of lumbar foraminal and lateral exit-zone XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral dysesthesia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'leg pain']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['MMD', 'multifidus muscle denervation']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mycotic thoracic aortic @entity439 are a life-threatening diagnosis and carry a high risk of morbidity and mortality in the perioperative setting. Traditional open repair consists of debridement, drainage, and either in situ or extra-anatomic bypass. @entity697 portends a dismal prognosis; however, emergent endovascular repair of ruptured @entity5880 has been described in the literature and we present a case of successful endovascular treatment of a ruptured mycotic descending @entity2334 . CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 42-year-old male with @entity101 and active intravenous drug use who presented with 3 weeks of @entity662 , @entity1353 , and hemoptysis, and on computed tomography scan was found to have a contained 4.1-cm ruptured mycotic @entity2334 . Blood cultures were positive for @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 . Emergent repair was recommended because of likelihood of further @entity397 and @entity204 . Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) was performed using a @entity1215 -soaked stent graft without complication. At 2-year follow-up, the @entity1 was asymptomatic and imaging demonstrated the stent graft in excellent position, without @entity1070 , and complete resolution of the @entity439 sac. CONCLUSIONS: TEVAR can be safely employed to treat a @entity1756 when open repair is not possible because of @entity1 's comorbidity or complex @entity397 , as these @entity1 face imminent @entity204 . Long-term follow-up is necessary for detection of @entity1070 , recurrence, or propagation of the @entity439 , and persistent @entity2348 .

title: Successful Emergent Endovascular Repair of a Ruptured Mycotic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity5880 :: ('MESH:D000785', 'Disease') :: ['mycotic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['Acute rupture']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured mycotic thoracic aneurysm']

answer: @entity2334 :: (MESH:D017545,Disease) :: ['Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess rates of treatment-related complications after radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy monotherapy, using propensity score matching to account for baseline differences between these @entity1 populations. METHODS: On the basis of a population-based study of @entity1 undergoing surgery or radiotherapy for @entity263 in Ontario between 2002 and 2009, we undertook a propensity score-matched analysis including age, comorbidity, and year of treatment to assess treatment-related complication end points. These included hospital admission; urologic, rectal, or anal procedures; open surgeries; and @entity5 . RESULTS: From the original cohort of 32,465 @entity1 , 15,870 (48.9%) had surgery and 16,595 (51.1%) had radiation. Propensity score matching produced 8797 pairs (17,594 @entity1 ). Among these, when compared with @entity1 treated with surgery, those treated with radiation experienced fewer admissions to hospital (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.92) and urologic procedures (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.46-0.53) at year 1 but higher rates at year 3 (HR, 5.65; 95% CI, 4.61-6.91 and HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.62-2.13, respectively) and year 5. Although there was no significant difference in open surgeries at year 1, @entity1 undergoing radiotherapy were at higher risk by year 3 (HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.23-3.47) and this rose by year 5. Over the study period, @entity1 undergoing radiotherapy experienced more @entity5584 (HR, 2.64; 95% CI, 2.37-2.95) and were diagnosed with more @entity5 (HR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.16-5.14). Direct matching produced similar results. CONCLUSION: From a propensity score-matched analysis, we found that @entity1 undergoing radiation therapy for @entity263 had higher rates of long-term complications in all 5 categories studied than @entity1 undergoing surgery.

title: Complications After Radical Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy for XXXX : Results of a Population-based, Propensity Score-matched Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5584 :: ('MESH:D012002', 'Disease') :: ['rectal-anal procedures']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['secondary malignancies']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with an overexpansion of adipose tissue, along with increases in blood pressure, glycemia, @entity32 , and @entity715 . Research to develop nutritional interventions to prevent or treat @entity28 and its associated diseases is greatly needed. Previously, we demonstrated the ability of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) to prevent high-fat (HF) diet-induced @entity28 , insulin resistance, and @entity32 in @entity19 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to determine the mechanisms mediating the anti-inflammatory and antilipogenic actions of @entity8393 . METHODS: In a previous study, male C57BL/6J @entity19 were fed a low-fat diet (10% of energy from fat), an HF diet (45% of energy from fat), or an HF diet supplemented with @entity8393 (45% of energy from fat; 36 g/kg @entity8393 ; HF+ @entity8393 ) for 11 wk or an HF diet for 6 wk and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet for 5 wk. In this study, we used histology/immunohistochemistry, gene expression, and metabolomic analyses of white adipose tissue from these @entity19 . In addition, cultured @entity19 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 100  M @entity8393 for 48 h and then used for extracellular flux assays with untreated 3T3-L1 adipocytes used as a control. RESULTS: Compared with the HF diet, the HF+ @entity8393 diet significantly reduced body weight, @entity1386 , adipocyte size, and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue. No significant differences in overall body weight or fat pad weights were observed between HF-fed @entity19 vs. those fed the HF+ @entity8393 diet for a short time after first inducing @entity28 with the HF diet. Interestingly, both histology and immunohistochemistry results showed a significantly lower mean adipocyte size and macrophage infiltration in @entity19 fed the HF diet and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet vs. those fed HF diets only. This indicated that @entity8393 was able to prevent as well as reverse HF-diet-induced adipocyte @entity32 and @entity1184 and that some of the metabolic effects of @entity8393 were independent of body weight or @entity1386 . In addition, adipose tissue metabolomic data and cultured adipocyte extracellular flux bioenergetic assays indicated that @entity8393 also regulated mitochondrial function by increasing @entity844 oxidation and @entity26 consumption, respectively. CONCLUSION: With the use of @entity19 and cultured adipocytes, we showed that @entity8393 ameliorates HF-diet effects at least in part by increasing @entity26 consumption and @entity844 oxidation and reducing adipocyte size, adipogenesis, and adipose tissue @entity32 , independent of @entity28 .

title: @entity7784 reduces adipocyte @entity1184 and @entity32 in diet-induced @entity28 @entity19 in an XXXX -independent manner.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adiposity']

answer: @entity1386 :: (MESH:D018205,Disease) :: ['adiposity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with an overexpansion of adipose tissue, along with increases in blood pressure, glycemia, @entity32 , and @entity715 . Research to develop nutritional interventions to prevent or treat @entity28 and its associated diseases is greatly needed. Previously, we demonstrated the ability of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) to prevent high-fat (HF) diet-induced @entity28 , insulin resistance, and @entity32 in @entity19 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to determine the mechanisms mediating the anti-inflammatory and antilipogenic actions of @entity8393 . METHODS: In a previous study, male C57BL/6J @entity19 were fed a low-fat diet (10% of energy from fat), an HF diet (45% of energy from fat), or an HF diet supplemented with @entity8393 (45% of energy from fat; 36 g/kg @entity8393 ; HF+ @entity8393 ) for 11 wk or an HF diet for 6 wk and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet for 5 wk. In this study, we used histology/immunohistochemistry, gene expression, and metabolomic analyses of white adipose tissue from these @entity19 . In addition, cultured @entity19 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 100  M @entity8393 for 48 h and then used for extracellular flux assays with untreated 3T3-L1 adipocytes used as a control. RESULTS: Compared with the HF diet, the HF+ @entity8393 diet significantly reduced body weight, @entity1386 , adipocyte size, and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue. No significant differences in overall body weight or fat pad weights were observed between HF-fed @entity19 vs. those fed the HF+ @entity8393 diet for a short time after first inducing @entity28 with the HF diet. Interestingly, both histology and immunohistochemistry results showed a significantly lower mean adipocyte size and macrophage infiltration in @entity19 fed the HF diet and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet vs. those fed HF diets only. This indicated that @entity8393 was able to prevent as well as reverse HF-diet-induced adipocyte @entity32 and @entity1184 and that some of the metabolic effects of @entity8393 were independent of body weight or @entity1386 . In addition, adipose tissue metabolomic data and cultured adipocyte extracellular flux bioenergetic assays indicated that @entity8393 also regulated mitochondrial function by increasing @entity844 oxidation and @entity26 consumption, respectively. CONCLUSION: With the use of @entity19 and cultured adipocytes, we showed that @entity8393 ameliorates HF-diet effects at least in part by increasing @entity26 consumption and @entity844 oxidation and reducing adipocyte size, adipogenesis, and adipose tissue @entity32 , independent of @entity28 .

title: @entity7784 reduces adipocyte @entity1184 and @entity32 in diet-induced XXXX @entity19 in an @entity1386 -independent manner.

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with an overexpansion of adipose tissue, along with increases in blood pressure, glycemia, @entity32 , and @entity715 . Research to develop nutritional interventions to prevent or treat @entity28 and its associated diseases is greatly needed. Previously, we demonstrated the ability of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) to prevent high-fat (HF) diet-induced @entity28 , insulin resistance, and @entity32 in @entity19 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to determine the mechanisms mediating the anti-inflammatory and antilipogenic actions of @entity8393 . METHODS: In a previous study, male C57BL/6J @entity19 were fed a low-fat diet (10% of energy from fat), an HF diet (45% of energy from fat), or an HF diet supplemented with @entity8393 (45% of energy from fat; 36 g/kg @entity8393 ; HF+ @entity8393 ) for 11 wk or an HF diet for 6 wk and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet for 5 wk. In this study, we used histology/immunohistochemistry, gene expression, and metabolomic analyses of white adipose tissue from these @entity19 . In addition, cultured @entity19 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 100  M @entity8393 for 48 h and then used for extracellular flux assays with untreated 3T3-L1 adipocytes used as a control. RESULTS: Compared with the HF diet, the HF+ @entity8393 diet significantly reduced body weight, @entity1386 , adipocyte size, and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue. No significant differences in overall body weight or fat pad weights were observed between HF-fed @entity19 vs. those fed the HF+ @entity8393 diet for a short time after first inducing @entity28 with the HF diet. Interestingly, both histology and immunohistochemistry results showed a significantly lower mean adipocyte size and macrophage infiltration in @entity19 fed the HF diet and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet vs. those fed HF diets only. This indicated that @entity8393 was able to prevent as well as reverse HF-diet-induced adipocyte @entity32 and @entity1184 and that some of the metabolic effects of @entity8393 were independent of body weight or @entity1386 . In addition, adipose tissue metabolomic data and cultured adipocyte extracellular flux bioenergetic assays indicated that @entity8393 also regulated mitochondrial function by increasing @entity844 oxidation and @entity26 consumption, respectively. CONCLUSION: With the use of @entity19 and cultured adipocytes, we showed that @entity8393 ameliorates HF-diet effects at least in part by increasing @entity26 consumption and @entity844 oxidation and reducing adipocyte size, adipogenesis, and adipose tissue @entity32 , independent of @entity28 .

title: @entity7784 reduces adipocyte @entity1184 and XXXX in diet-induced @entity28 @entity19 in an @entity1386 -independent manner.

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with an overexpansion of adipose tissue, along with increases in blood pressure, glycemia, @entity32 , and @entity715 . Research to develop nutritional interventions to prevent or treat @entity28 and its associated diseases is greatly needed. Previously, we demonstrated the ability of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) to prevent high-fat (HF) diet-induced @entity28 , insulin resistance, and @entity32 in @entity19 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to determine the mechanisms mediating the anti-inflammatory and antilipogenic actions of @entity8393 . METHODS: In a previous study, male C57BL/6J @entity19 were fed a low-fat diet (10% of energy from fat), an HF diet (45% of energy from fat), or an HF diet supplemented with @entity8393 (45% of energy from fat; 36 g/kg @entity8393 ; HF+ @entity8393 ) for 11 wk or an HF diet for 6 wk and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet for 5 wk. In this study, we used histology/immunohistochemistry, gene expression, and metabolomic analyses of white adipose tissue from these @entity19 . In addition, cultured @entity19 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 100  M @entity8393 for 48 h and then used for extracellular flux assays with untreated 3T3-L1 adipocytes used as a control. RESULTS: Compared with the HF diet, the HF+ @entity8393 diet significantly reduced body weight, @entity1386 , adipocyte size, and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue. No significant differences in overall body weight or fat pad weights were observed between HF-fed @entity19 vs. those fed the HF+ @entity8393 diet for a short time after first inducing @entity28 with the HF diet. Interestingly, both histology and immunohistochemistry results showed a significantly lower mean adipocyte size and macrophage infiltration in @entity19 fed the HF diet and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet vs. those fed HF diets only. This indicated that @entity8393 was able to prevent as well as reverse HF-diet-induced adipocyte @entity32 and @entity1184 and that some of the metabolic effects of @entity8393 were independent of body weight or @entity1386 . In addition, adipose tissue metabolomic data and cultured adipocyte extracellular flux bioenergetic assays indicated that @entity8393 also regulated mitochondrial function by increasing @entity844 oxidation and @entity26 consumption, respectively. CONCLUSION: With the use of @entity19 and cultured adipocytes, we showed that @entity8393 ameliorates HF-diet effects at least in part by increasing @entity26 consumption and @entity844 oxidation and reducing adipocyte size, adipogenesis, and adipose tissue @entity32 , independent of @entity28 .

title: @entity7784 reduces adipocyte XXXX and @entity32 in diet-induced @entity28 @entity19 in an @entity1386 -independent manner.

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['hypertrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with an overexpansion of adipose tissue, along with increases in blood pressure, glycemia, @entity32 , and @entity715 . Research to develop nutritional interventions to prevent or treat @entity28 and its associated diseases is greatly needed. Previously, we demonstrated the ability of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) to prevent high-fat (HF) diet-induced @entity28 , insulin resistance, and @entity32 in @entity19 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to determine the mechanisms mediating the anti-inflammatory and antilipogenic actions of @entity8393 . METHODS: In a previous study, male C57BL/6J @entity19 were fed a low-fat diet (10% of energy from fat), an HF diet (45% of energy from fat), or an HF diet supplemented with @entity8393 (45% of energy from fat; 36 g/kg @entity8393 ; HF+ @entity8393 ) for 11 wk or an HF diet for 6 wk and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet for 5 wk. In this study, we used histology/immunohistochemistry, gene expression, and metabolomic analyses of white adipose tissue from these @entity19 . In addition, cultured @entity19 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 100  M @entity8393 for 48 h and then used for extracellular flux assays with untreated 3T3-L1 adipocytes used as a control. RESULTS: Compared with the HF diet, the HF+ @entity8393 diet significantly reduced body weight, @entity1386 , adipocyte size, and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue. No significant differences in overall body weight or fat pad weights were observed between HF-fed @entity19 vs. those fed the HF+ @entity8393 diet for a short time after first inducing @entity28 with the HF diet. Interestingly, both histology and immunohistochemistry results showed a significantly lower mean adipocyte size and macrophage infiltration in @entity19 fed the HF diet and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet vs. those fed HF diets only. This indicated that @entity8393 was able to prevent as well as reverse HF-diet-induced adipocyte @entity32 and @entity1184 and that some of the metabolic effects of @entity8393 were independent of body weight or @entity1386 . In addition, adipose tissue metabolomic data and cultured adipocyte extracellular flux bioenergetic assays indicated that @entity8393 also regulated mitochondrial function by increasing @entity844 oxidation and @entity26 consumption, respectively. CONCLUSION: With the use of @entity19 and cultured adipocytes, we showed that @entity8393 ameliorates HF-diet effects at least in part by increasing @entity26 consumption and @entity844 oxidation and reducing adipocyte size, adipogenesis, and adipose tissue @entity32 , independent of @entity28 .

title: @entity7784 reduces adipocyte @entity1184 and @entity32 in diet-induced @entity28 XXXX in an @entity1386 -independent manner.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with an overexpansion of adipose tissue, along with increases in blood pressure, glycemia, @entity32 , and @entity715 . Research to develop nutritional interventions to prevent or treat @entity28 and its associated diseases is greatly needed. Previously, we demonstrated the ability of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) to prevent high-fat (HF) diet-induced @entity28 , insulin resistance, and @entity32 in @entity19 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to determine the mechanisms mediating the anti-inflammatory and antilipogenic actions of @entity8393 . METHODS: In a previous study, male C57BL/6J @entity19 were fed a low-fat diet (10% of energy from fat), an HF diet (45% of energy from fat), or an HF diet supplemented with @entity8393 (45% of energy from fat; 36 g/kg @entity8393 ; HF+ @entity8393 ) for 11 wk or an HF diet for 6 wk and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet for 5 wk. In this study, we used histology/immunohistochemistry, gene expression, and metabolomic analyses of white adipose tissue from these @entity19 . In addition, cultured @entity19 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 100  M @entity8393 for 48 h and then used for extracellular flux assays with untreated 3T3-L1 adipocytes used as a control. RESULTS: Compared with the HF diet, the HF+ @entity8393 diet significantly reduced body weight, @entity1386 , adipocyte size, and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue. No significant differences in overall body weight or fat pad weights were observed between HF-fed @entity19 vs. those fed the HF+ @entity8393 diet for a short time after first inducing @entity28 with the HF diet. Interestingly, both histology and immunohistochemistry results showed a significantly lower mean adipocyte size and macrophage infiltration in @entity19 fed the HF diet and then switched to the HF+ @entity8393 diet vs. those fed HF diets only. This indicated that @entity8393 was able to prevent as well as reverse HF-diet-induced adipocyte @entity32 and @entity1184 and that some of the metabolic effects of @entity8393 were independent of body weight or @entity1386 . In addition, adipose tissue metabolomic data and cultured adipocyte extracellular flux bioenergetic assays indicated that @entity8393 also regulated mitochondrial function by increasing @entity844 oxidation and @entity26 consumption, respectively. CONCLUSION: With the use of @entity19 and cultured adipocytes, we showed that @entity8393 ameliorates HF-diet effects at least in part by increasing @entity26 consumption and @entity844 oxidation and reducing adipocyte size, adipogenesis, and adipose tissue @entity32 , independent of @entity28 .

title: XXXX reduces adipocyte @entity1184 and @entity32 in diet-induced @entity28 @entity19 in an @entity1386 -independent manner.

answer: @entity7784 :: (MESH:D015118,Chemical) :: ['Eicosapentaenoic Acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A healthy diet rich in fish, fruit, and vegetables, but moderate in @entity167 and low in dairy products and meat, has been associated with a lower rate of incident @entity65 ( @entity65 ). The underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear. @entity409 and low-grade @entity32 play important roles in @entity65 . A healthy diet might modify these phenomena. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the associations between the above food groups and overall biomarker scores of @entity409 and low-grade @entity32 in a 7-y longitudinal study. METHODS: Using longitudinal data from 557 @entity1 at increased @entity65 risk from the CODAM (Cohort on @entity6 and @entity731 Maastricht) Study, we assessed diet intake by food-frequency questionnaire and measured plasma biomarkers of @entity409 [von Willebrand factor, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, soluble endothelial selectin, soluble thrombomodulin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1)] and low-grade @entity32 [ @entity1851 , serum amyloid A, @entity650 , @entity687 , @entity5 @entity39 factor a, and sICAM-1]. At baseline, @entity1 were aged 59.6    6.9 y. Measurements were performed then and after 7 y. Biomarkers were combined into overall scores (sum of z scores; higher scores indicating worse function). Longitudinal data were analyzed with generalized estimating equations and adjusted for sex, age, @entity413 metabolism, energy intake, body mass index, physical activity, @entity167 consumption, and smoking. RESULTS: Higher consumption of fish (per 100 g/wk), but not total consumption of vegetables, fruit, @entity167 -containing beverages, dairy products, or meat, was associated with a lower overall @entity409 score over 7 y (b: -0.027; 95% CI: -0.051, -0.004). No associations were observed with the overall low-grade @entity32 score. Further food component analyses indicated that consumption of more lean fish (per 100 g/wk) and raw vegetables (per 100 g/d), and fewer high-fat dairy products (per 100 g/d) was associated with less @entity409 [(b: -0.038; 95% CI: -0.072, -0.005), (b: -0.095; 95% CI: -0.191, 0.000), and (b: -0.070; 95% CI: -0.131, -0.009), respectively]. Consumption of more fresh fruit (per 100 g/d), wine (per 100 mL/wk), and poultry (per 100 g/d), and fewer high-fat dairy products (per 100 g/d) was associated with less low-grade @entity32 [(b: -0.074; 95% CI: -0.133, -0.015), (b:-0.006; 95% CI: -0.013, 0.001), (b:-0.247; 95% CI: -0.479, -0.014), and (b:-0.100; 95% CI: -0.182, -0.019), respectively]. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the dietary modification of @entity409 and low-grade @entity32 , processes that are important in atherothrombosis, is possible.

title: A Healthy Diet Is Associated with Less Endothelial Dysfunction and Less @entity32 over a 7-Year Period in Adults at Risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A healthy diet rich in fish, fruit, and vegetables, but moderate in @entity167 and low in dairy products and meat, has been associated with a lower rate of incident @entity65 ( @entity65 ). The underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear. @entity409 and low-grade @entity32 play important roles in @entity65 . A healthy diet might modify these phenomena. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the associations between the above food groups and overall biomarker scores of @entity409 and low-grade @entity32 in a 7-y longitudinal study. METHODS: Using longitudinal data from 557 @entity1 at increased @entity65 risk from the CODAM (Cohort on @entity6 and @entity731 Maastricht) Study, we assessed diet intake by food-frequency questionnaire and measured plasma biomarkers of @entity409 [von Willebrand factor, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, soluble endothelial selectin, soluble thrombomodulin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1)] and low-grade @entity32 [ @entity1851 , serum amyloid A, @entity650 , @entity687 , @entity5 @entity39 factor a, and sICAM-1]. At baseline, @entity1 were aged 59.6    6.9 y. Measurements were performed then and after 7 y. Biomarkers were combined into overall scores (sum of z scores; higher scores indicating worse function). Longitudinal data were analyzed with generalized estimating equations and adjusted for sex, age, @entity413 metabolism, energy intake, body mass index, physical activity, @entity167 consumption, and smoking. RESULTS: Higher consumption of fish (per 100 g/wk), but not total consumption of vegetables, fruit, @entity167 -containing beverages, dairy products, or meat, was associated with a lower overall @entity409 score over 7 y (b: -0.027; 95% CI: -0.051, -0.004). No associations were observed with the overall low-grade @entity32 score. Further food component analyses indicated that consumption of more lean fish (per 100 g/wk) and raw vegetables (per 100 g/d), and fewer high-fat dairy products (per 100 g/d) was associated with less @entity409 [(b: -0.038; 95% CI: -0.072, -0.005), (b: -0.095; 95% CI: -0.191, 0.000), and (b: -0.070; 95% CI: -0.131, -0.009), respectively]. Consumption of more fresh fruit (per 100 g/d), wine (per 100 mL/wk), and poultry (per 100 g/d), and fewer high-fat dairy products (per 100 g/d) was associated with less low-grade @entity32 [(b: -0.074; 95% CI: -0.133, -0.015), (b:-0.006; 95% CI: -0.013, 0.001), (b:-0.247; 95% CI: -0.479, -0.014), and (b:-0.100; 95% CI: -0.182, -0.019), respectively]. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the dietary modification of @entity409 and low-grade @entity32 , processes that are important in atherothrombosis, is possible.

title: A Healthy Diet Is Associated with Less Endothelial Dysfunction and Less XXXX over a 7-Year Period in Adults at Risk of @entity65 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['Low-Grade Inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the influence of visual acuity (VA) on suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and @entity308 . METHODS: From 2008 to 2012, a total of 28   919 nationally representative @entity1 aged 19   years or older in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey underwent additional ophthalmological examinations by the Korean Ophthalmologic Society. Associations between best corrected VA in the better-seeing eye based on decimal fraction and mental health were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting for possible biopsychosocial confounders. Self-reported mental health (suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and @entity308 ), @entity7634 Quality of Life-Visual Analog Scale and counselling experience were evaluated by direct interviews. A nomogram for risk of suicidal ideation was generated. RESULTS: By multivariable logistic regression analysis, low VA was significantly associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt but not @entity308 . @entity1 with a VA of no light perception to 0.2 had a nearly twofold and threefold increased risk of suicidal ideation (adjusted OR, 1.85; 95% CI 1.04 to 3.27) and suicidal attempt (adjusted OR, 3.44; 95% CI 0.92 to 12.79), compared with @entity1 with a VA of 1.0. Sociodemographic disparities, including age and socioeconomic status, existed for suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt and @entity308 . @entity7634 Quality of Life-Visual Analog Scale significantly decreased as VA decreased and was lower in @entity1 who attempted suicide. CONCLUSIONS: Low VA was associated with the occurrence of suicidal ideation or a suicide attempt. Ophthalmologists should embrace their responsibility to help reduce suicidality and prevent suicides in @entity1 with low VA by encouraging them to seek @entity146 care.

title: Influence of visual acuity on suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and XXXX in South Korea.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']