abstract: UNASSIGNED: Treatment of carriers of the @entity4433 *2 allele and @entity1262 TT genotype with clopidogrel is associated with @entity63 after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We sought to evaluate a pharmacogenomic strategy among @entity1 undergoing PCI for @entity583 ( @entity583 ), by performing a randomized trial, enrolling 102 @entity1 . Point-of-care genetic testing for @entity4433 *2, @entity1262 TT and @entity4433 *17 was performed with carriers of either the @entity4433 *2 allele or @entity1262 TT genotype randomly assigned to a strategy of prasugrel 10   mg daily or an augmented dosing strategy of clopidogrel (150   mg daily for 6 days then 75   mg daily). The primary end point was the proportion of at-risk carriers exhibiting @entity1423 ( @entity1423 ), a marker associated with increased adverse cardiovascular events, after 1 month. Fifty-nine subjects (57.8%) were identified as carriers of at least one at-risk variant. Treatment with prasugrel significantly reduced @entity1423 compared with clopidogrel by @entity3075 reaction unit (PRU) thresholds of >234 (0 vs 24.1%, P=0.0046) and PRU>208 (3.3 vs 34.5%, P=0.0025). The sensitivity of point-of-care testing was 100% (95% CI 88.0-100), 100% (86.3-100) and 96.9% (82.0-99.8) and specificity was 97.0% (88.5-99.5), 97.1% (89.0-99.5) and 98.5% (90.9-99.9) for identifying @entity4433 *2, @entity1262 TT and @entity4433 *17, respectively. Logistic regression confirmed carriers as a strong predictor of @entity1423 (OR=6.58, 95% CI 1.24-34.92; P=0.03). We confirmed that concurrent identification of three separate genetic variants in @entity1 with @entity583 receiving PCI is feasible at the bedside. Among carriers of at-risk genotypes, treatment with prasugrel was superior to an augmented dosing strategy of clopidogrel in reducing @entity1423 .The Pharmacogenomics Journal advance online publication, 7 April 2015; doi:10.1038/tpj.2015.17.

title: A prospective randomized evaluation of a pharmacogenomic approach to antiplatelet therapy among @entity1 with @entity583 : the RAPID XXXX study.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['increased ischemic complications']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['high on-treatment platelet reactivity', 'HPR']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST-elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['STEMI']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Treatment of carriers of the @entity4433 *2 allele and @entity1262 TT genotype with clopidogrel is associated with @entity63 after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We sought to evaluate a pharmacogenomic strategy among @entity1 undergoing PCI for @entity583 ( @entity583 ), by performing a randomized trial, enrolling 102 @entity1 . Point-of-care genetic testing for @entity4433 *2, @entity1262 TT and @entity4433 *17 was performed with carriers of either the @entity4433 *2 allele or @entity1262 TT genotype randomly assigned to a strategy of prasugrel 10   mg daily or an augmented dosing strategy of clopidogrel (150   mg daily for 6 days then 75   mg daily). The primary end point was the proportion of at-risk carriers exhibiting @entity1423 ( @entity1423 ), a marker associated with increased adverse cardiovascular events, after 1 month. Fifty-nine subjects (57.8%) were identified as carriers of at least one at-risk variant. Treatment with prasugrel significantly reduced @entity1423 compared with clopidogrel by @entity3075 reaction unit (PRU) thresholds of >234 (0 vs 24.1%, P=0.0046) and PRU>208 (3.3 vs 34.5%, P=0.0025). The sensitivity of point-of-care testing was 100% (95% CI 88.0-100), 100% (86.3-100) and 96.9% (82.0-99.8) and specificity was 97.0% (88.5-99.5), 97.1% (89.0-99.5) and 98.5% (90.9-99.9) for identifying @entity4433 *2, @entity1262 TT and @entity4433 *17, respectively. Logistic regression confirmed carriers as a strong predictor of @entity1423 (OR=6.58, 95% CI 1.24-34.92; P=0.03). We confirmed that concurrent identification of three separate genetic variants in @entity1 with @entity583 receiving PCI is feasible at the bedside. Among carriers of at-risk genotypes, treatment with prasugrel was superior to an augmented dosing strategy of clopidogrel in reducing @entity1423 .The Pharmacogenomics Journal advance online publication, 7 April 2015; doi:10.1038/tpj.2015.17.

title: A prospective randomized evaluation of a pharmacogenomic approach to antiplatelet therapy among @entity1 with XXXX : the RAPID @entity583 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['ST-elevation myocardial infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Treatment of carriers of the @entity4433 *2 allele and @entity1262 TT genotype with clopidogrel is associated with @entity63 after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We sought to evaluate a pharmacogenomic strategy among @entity1 undergoing PCI for @entity583 ( @entity583 ), by performing a randomized trial, enrolling 102 @entity1 . Point-of-care genetic testing for @entity4433 *2, @entity1262 TT and @entity4433 *17 was performed with carriers of either the @entity4433 *2 allele or @entity1262 TT genotype randomly assigned to a strategy of prasugrel 10   mg daily or an augmented dosing strategy of clopidogrel (150   mg daily for 6 days then 75   mg daily). The primary end point was the proportion of at-risk carriers exhibiting @entity1423 ( @entity1423 ), a marker associated with increased adverse cardiovascular events, after 1 month. Fifty-nine subjects (57.8%) were identified as carriers of at least one at-risk variant. Treatment with prasugrel significantly reduced @entity1423 compared with clopidogrel by @entity3075 reaction unit (PRU) thresholds of >234 (0 vs 24.1%, P=0.0046) and PRU>208 (3.3 vs 34.5%, P=0.0025). The sensitivity of point-of-care testing was 100% (95% CI 88.0-100), 100% (86.3-100) and 96.9% (82.0-99.8) and specificity was 97.0% (88.5-99.5), 97.1% (89.0-99.5) and 98.5% (90.9-99.9) for identifying @entity4433 *2, @entity1262 TT and @entity4433 *17, respectively. Logistic regression confirmed carriers as a strong predictor of @entity1423 (OR=6.58, 95% CI 1.24-34.92; P=0.03). We confirmed that concurrent identification of three separate genetic variants in @entity1 with @entity583 receiving PCI is feasible at the bedside. Among carriers of at-risk genotypes, treatment with prasugrel was superior to an augmented dosing strategy of clopidogrel in reducing @entity1423 .The Pharmacogenomics Journal advance online publication, 7 April 2015; doi:10.1038/tpj.2015.17.

title: A prospective randomized evaluation of a pharmacogenomic approach to antiplatelet therapy among XXXX with @entity583 : the RAPID @entity583 study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Proximal humerus is a common site for @entity22321 and frequently associated with @entity85 that limits shoulder abduction. A prospective study was conducted to evaluate the use of intramedullary non-vascularised autogenous fibular strut graft for reconstruction without internal fixation. METHODS: A total of 20 @entity1 (12 @entity1 , 8 @entity1 ) were managed for proximal humeral @entity22321 with @entity85 by extended curettage, osteotomy, intramedullary fibular graft and composite bone substitute. Their ages ranged from 10 to 17  years (average, 13.3  years). The lesion was juxtaphyseal in 16 @entity1 and metaphyseal in 4. All cysts were active and centrally located type 2. The modified Enneking scoring system was used for final functional evaluation. Radiological assessment was done for the extent of defect healing, incorporation of the fibula and correction of the deformity. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 41.2  months (range, 24-74) most of @entity1 were satisfied and resumed daily activities without @entity158 and with good range of shoulder movement. One @entity1 complained of shoulder @entity158 10  months after surgery and was attributed to local recurrence. Limitation of recreational activity was experienced by one @entity1 . There were no cases of @entity281 or pathological @entity174 . No cases of failed healing or incorporation of the fibula was detected. The improved shoulder abduction was closely related to the mean correction of the neck shaft angle. CONCLUSIONS: The technique is proved to be effective in controlling disease, @entity85 and improving function.

title: Fibular strut graft for humeral aneurysmal bone cyst with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['deep infection, nerve deficit']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['varus deformity', 'correcting deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['varus deformity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Disease and therapy cause @entity75 and subsequent functional loss in pediatric @entity1 with @entity6804 . Treatment-related @entity137 factors are resection in @entity1 with @entity816 ( @entity816 ) and, additionally, cranio-spinal irradiation together with chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity2946 ( @entity2946 ). We tested whether damage to white matter (WM) as revealed by diffusion tensor MR imaging (DTI) correlated with specific @entity73 in survivors of pediatric @entity6804 . PROCEDURES: Eighteen @entity2946 (mean age        SD, 15.2        4.9 y) and 14 @entity816 (12.6        5.0 y) survivors were investigated with DTI on a 3-Tesla-MR system. We identified fractional anisotropy (FA) of WM, the volume ratio of WM to gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid (WM/ @entity2841 ), and volume of specific frontocerebellar tracts. @entity2055 was assessed using the International Cooperative @entity2055 Rating Scale (ICARS), while the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for @entity1 determined @entity2653 ( @entity2653 ). Amsterdam Neuropsychological Tasks (ANT) was used to assess processing speed. Handwriting automation was analyzed using a digitizing graphic tablet. RESULTS: The WM/GM   +   @entity2841 ratio correlated significantly with cognitive measures (IQ, P   =   0.002; ANT baseline speed, P   =   0.04; ANT shifting attention, P   =   0.004). FA of skeletonized tracts correlated significantly with @entity2653 (P   =   0.008), ANT baseline speed (P   =   0.028) and ANT shifting attention (P   =   0.045). Moreover, frontocerebellar tract volumes correlated with both the @entity2653 (P   =   0.011) and ICARS (P   =   0.007). CONCLUSION: DTI provides a method for quantification of WM damage by @entity5 and by therapy-associated effects in survivors of pediatric @entity6804 . DTI-derived WM integrity may be a representative marker for @entity73 . Pediatr @entity5    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Cerebral white matter fractional anisotropy and tract volume as measured by MR imaging are associated with impaired cognitive and motor function in pediatric posterior fossa XXXX survivors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity6804 :: ('MESH:D015192', 'Disease') :: ['posterior fossa tumors']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2653 :: ('MESH:C538175', 'Disease') :: ['full-scale intelligence quotients', 'FSIQ']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive and motor deterioration', 'cognitive and motor impairments']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Blood Cancer']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['pilocytic astrocytoma', 'PA']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma', 'MB']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) is a disorder without definite consensus on its diagnosis and management during adolescence. According to Amsterdam-2012 consensus, as physiological characteristics of adolescence may overlap with @entity3610 signs, it has been indicated that all Rotterdam criteria should be met. In this present study, characteristics of adolescents with different phenotypes who were diagnosed with @entity3610 were evaluated; and presence of differences for metabolic risk factors between phenotypes were investigated. DESIGN: The study was performed on adolescent females. According to phenotypic application models, individuals with all Rotterdam diagnostic criteria [ @entity3428 ( @entity3428 ), polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM), and chronic anovulation (CA) on the ultrasonography] were in Group 1 (n  =  26); with @entity3428 and CA were in Group 2 (n  =  10); with @entity3428 and PCOM were in Group 3 (n  =  7); and with CA and PCOM were in Group 4 (n  =  10). RESULTS: The most common application complaint (87%) among 53 cases enrolled in the study was @entity1866 , and 57% of cases were not obese. When @entity3610 was evaluated according to phenotypes, it was realized that cases that meet  all 3 diagnostic Rotterdam criteria according to the current recommendation in adolescents. (Group 1) was the most common phenotype. @entity3428 was associated with more @entity209 . CONCLUSION: The close monitoring of adolescents, who have 2 diagnostic criteria is advisable among @entity3610 phenotypes. Potentially Groups 2 and 3 which have @entity3428 , in particular should warrant closer follow-up although they do not meet current diagnostic criteria for adolescents.

title: Diagnostic Characteristics and Metabolic Risk Factors of Cases with XXXX during Adolescence.

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3428 :: ('MESH:D017588', 'Disease') :: ['hyperandrogenism', 'Hyperandrogenism', 'HA']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['Polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity1866 :: ('MESH:D008599', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual irregularities']

answer: @entity3610 :: (MESH:D011085,Disease) :: ['Polycystic Ovary Syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to assess a novel autologous cartilage plug technique used to treat anal @entity292 in ten @entity1 . METHODS: All ten @entity1 had undergone at least two prior operations for recurrent @entity292 . The plugs were prepared using the @entity1 ' own cartilage, which was obtained from either the nose or the ear, diced into pieces, and wrapped with oxidized regenerated cellulose. During the same session, @entity292 tracts were curetted using cytology brushes, and then, the cartilage plug was inserted into the tract. Routine postoperative examinations were performed at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24  weeks after surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed before surgery and at 3 and 6  months postoperatively. Relief of symptoms, radiological healing, recurrence, and continence were evaluated. RESULTS: The ten @entity1 included six males and four females, with a median age of 39  years (range 25-70  years) and a median of three previous @entity292 operations (range 2-7 operations). Nine @entity1 had cryptoglandular abscess, and one @entity1 had @entity30 . The majority of the @entity1 had transsphincteric @entity292 with substantial anal sphincter involvement. The cartilage donor site was the nose for one @entity1 and the ear for nine @entity1 . The median follow-up time was 24  months (range 10-32  months). Of the ten @entity1 , nine had @entity292 treatment without any short-term complications. The @entity292 failed to heal in one @entity1 . Among the nine @entity1 whose operations were initially successful, two late recurrences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The cartilage plug seems to be a promising alternative for anal @entity292 treatment.

title: Treatment of recurrent anal XXXX using an autologous cartilage plug: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistula']


abstract: The results of investigations in 50 @entity323 @entity1 with @entity16 are presented. Using intracorporeal @entity3302 , Doppler duplex scanning, cardiovascular reflex testing and skin thermal threshold monitoring, the vascular and neurological components were assessed in each of three clinical groups with probable or overt @entity16 . These comprised @entity6 . Anatomical detail of the penis was well seen using these techniques. In 15 @entity1 with @entity3510 , although the aetiology was predominantly neurological, six exhibited poor flow in the deep penile arteries following injection of @entity3302 . This was associated with poor erections in these @entity1 , suggesting a vascular pathology. In 27 @entity1 with @entity6 the results showed a mixed pattern. @entity455 was almost universal, combined with varying degrees of @entity1897 , and only three had full erections with @entity3302 . Those with @entity530 (8 @entity1 ) also had a mixed picture, although some had good erections following @entity3302 injection. Duplex Doppler scanning of the deep penile arteries correlated with the quality of @entity3302 -induced erection. Thermal testing was a highly sensitive indicator of small nerve fibre dysfunction, possibly at an earlier stage than standard autonomic testing. A vascular component to @entity323 was shown to be common in those with @entity16 , and may alter management.

title: Results of investigation of XXXX in @entity1 with overt or probable @entity16 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['spinal injuries']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['impotence', 'impotent']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'spinal injury, diabetes and pelvic trauma']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment', 'neurological disease', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic trauma']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic and peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3302 :: ('MESH:D010208', 'Chemical') :: ['papaverine']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['impotence']


abstract: The results of investigations in 50 @entity323 @entity1 with @entity16 are presented. Using intracorporeal @entity3302 , Doppler duplex scanning, cardiovascular reflex testing and skin thermal threshold monitoring, the vascular and neurological components were assessed in each of three clinical groups with probable or overt @entity16 . These comprised @entity6 . Anatomical detail of the penis was well seen using these techniques. In 15 @entity1 with @entity3510 , although the aetiology was predominantly neurological, six exhibited poor flow in the deep penile arteries following injection of @entity3302 . This was associated with poor erections in these @entity1 , suggesting a vascular pathology. In 27 @entity1 with @entity6 the results showed a mixed pattern. @entity455 was almost universal, combined with varying degrees of @entity1897 , and only three had full erections with @entity3302 . Those with @entity530 (8 @entity1 ) also had a mixed picture, although some had good erections following @entity3302 injection. Duplex Doppler scanning of the deep penile arteries correlated with the quality of @entity3302 -induced erection. Thermal testing was a highly sensitive indicator of small nerve fibre dysfunction, possibly at an earlier stage than standard autonomic testing. A vascular component to @entity323 was shown to be common in those with @entity16 , and may alter management.

title: Results of investigation of @entity323 in @entity1 with overt or probable XXXX .

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['neuropathy']


abstract: The results of investigations in 50 @entity323 @entity1 with @entity16 are presented. Using intracorporeal @entity3302 , Doppler duplex scanning, cardiovascular reflex testing and skin thermal threshold monitoring, the vascular and neurological components were assessed in each of three clinical groups with probable or overt @entity16 . These comprised @entity6 . Anatomical detail of the penis was well seen using these techniques. In 15 @entity1 with @entity3510 , although the aetiology was predominantly neurological, six exhibited poor flow in the deep penile arteries following injection of @entity3302 . This was associated with poor erections in these @entity1 , suggesting a vascular pathology. In 27 @entity1 with @entity6 the results showed a mixed pattern. @entity455 was almost universal, combined with varying degrees of @entity1897 , and only three had full erections with @entity3302 . Those with @entity530 (8 @entity1 ) also had a mixed picture, although some had good erections following @entity3302 injection. Duplex Doppler scanning of the deep penile arteries correlated with the quality of @entity3302 -induced erection. Thermal testing was a highly sensitive indicator of small nerve fibre dysfunction, possibly at an earlier stage than standard autonomic testing. A vascular component to @entity323 was shown to be common in those with @entity16 , and may alter management.

title: Results of investigation of @entity323 in XXXX with overt or probable @entity16 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To test whether str oke features relate to living standard within one city by comparing 2 districts. METHODS: District-8 (D-8) ranks the last, whereas District-12 (D-12) is the second regarding personal monthly income of the 23 districts of Budapest, Hungary. @entity64 cases hospitalized in 2007 were identified by the database of the National Health Insurance Fund and postal codes for living address. Case certification was performed by personal visits to the general practitioners. Demographic data, risk factors and survival status in 2010 were analyzed using the anonymized database. RESULTS: Three-year case fatality was 36.6  % in D-8 and 31.5  % in D-12 (p  =  0.24). Of the fatal cases, @entity1 were more than 12  years younger in D-8 than in D-12 (69.2      13.3 vs. 82.4      9.2  years, p  <  0.001). @entity1 died younger than @entity1 in D-8 (69.2      13.3 vs. 75.2      12.4; p  =  0.036), but not in D-12 (82.4      9.2 vs. 81.9      7.3, p  =  0.8). Non-treated @entity101 , @entity988 , and smoking were significantly more prevalent in the poor district (p  <  0.01 for all). CONCLUSION: In national @entity64 programs of former Eastern Block countries, primary prevention should focus especially on male populations of less wealthy regions.

title: Living standard is related to microregional differences in XXXX characteristics in Central Europe: the Budapest Districts 8-12 Project.

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcohol dependence']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: Treadmill exercise test performance and ambulatory heart rate and activity patterns of 40 @entity1 with @entity4697 attacks were compared with 20 age-matched controls (control group 1) and 20 nonexercising controls (control group 2). All @entity1 underwent a symptom-limited exercise stress test. @entity4697 @entity1 and control group 1 wore an ambulatory heart rate/activity monitor for up to 3 days. @entity4697 @entity1 had a significantly higher heart rate at 4 and 6 METS than either control group. The max METS were 11.2 +/- 2.3, 13.5 +/- 2.3 and 11.2 +/- 1.8 for the @entity4697 @entity1 and control groups 1 and 2, respectively. One @entity4697 @entity1 had @entity63 on the treadmill at 12 METS. @entity4697 @entity1 had a significantly higher standing heart rate than controls. Furthermore, 11 of 39 @entity4697 @entity1 had @entity591 on standing compared with 3 of 40 controls. @entity4697 @entity1 had higher wake and sleep heart rates than control group 1, but the differences were not significant. These results are consistent with @entity5433 in @entity4697 @entity1 but may also be due to differences in physical conditioning. The treadmill can be useful for reassuring @entity1 and for identifying the rare @entity1 with @entity63 on exercise.

title: Treadmill exercise test and ambulatory measures in XXXX attacks.

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['Panic attack', 'Panic', 'panic', 'panic attack']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

answer: @entity4697 :: (MESH:D016584,Disease) :: ['panic']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 2 large-scale, placebo-controlled trials, @entity4481 improved both @entity158 and @entity158 interference in @entity1 with @entity9 due to @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). In both trials, @entity4481 found statistically significant improvement compared with placebo after 1 week of treatment. However, the effects of @entity4481 in the days immediately after initiation of treatment are unknown. The purpose of the present analysis was to determine timing of @entity4481 's therapeutic effect in the days after initiation of treatment. METHODS: Data were derived from 2 trials of @entity4481 in @entity1 with @entity1566 -related @entity9 . Each day @entity1 rated severity of @entity158 and @entity158 interference over the past 24 hours on a scale from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater severity. To quantify timing of therapeutic effect, we compared ( @entity4481 [vs] placebo) daily average @entity158 and @entity158 interference scores over the first 14 days of treatment. Significant improvement was defined as the first day, of >= 2 consecutive days, that @entity4481 significantly (P < 0.05) reduced mean scores compared with placebo. To further quantify timing of therapeutic effect, each treatment group was examined to determine the time required to achieve a >= 1-point improvement in @entity158 and @entity158 interference score among @entity1 with a clinically meaningful and sustained response (>= 30% improvement from baseline to end point) by using a time-to-event analysis method. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to estimate the median (or 25th quartile) time (in days) required to achieve a >= 1-point improvement, among these responders, in @entity158 and @entity158 interference scores. Comparisons between @entity4481 and placebo were made with a log-rank test. FINDINGS: In both trials, significant improvement of @entity158 and @entity158 interference occurred within 2 days of initiating treatment with @entity4481 . Among @entity1 reporting a clinically meaningful and sustained response to treatment ( @entity1 with >= 30% improvement from baseline to end point), the time to a >= 1-point improvement of @entity158 and @entity158 interference occurred significantly earlier among @entity4481 -treated @entity1 than among placebo-treated @entity1 . Finally, the timing of @entity4481 's effect on @entity158 and @entity158 interference was unaffected by the use of concomitant medications that were allowed for treatment of @entity9 in both trials. IMPLICATIONS: Treatment with @entity4481 results in rapid time to significant improvement in both @entity158 and @entity158 interference in @entity1 with @entity9 due to @entity1566 . These findings should only be used as a guide to physicians and @entity1 as to when clinical response to @entity4481 may be expected.

title: Examining the Time to Therapeutic Effect of XXXX in @entity1566 @entity1 With @entity9 .

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain-related sleep', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity4481 :: ('MESH:C080245', 'Chemical') :: ['pregabalin']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity4481 :: (MESH:C080245,Chemical) :: ['Pregabalin']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 2 large-scale, placebo-controlled trials, @entity4481 improved both @entity158 and @entity158 interference in @entity1 with @entity9 due to @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). In both trials, @entity4481 found statistically significant improvement compared with placebo after 1 week of treatment. However, the effects of @entity4481 in the days immediately after initiation of treatment are unknown. The purpose of the present analysis was to determine timing of @entity4481 's therapeutic effect in the days after initiation of treatment. METHODS: Data were derived from 2 trials of @entity4481 in @entity1 with @entity1566 -related @entity9 . Each day @entity1 rated severity of @entity158 and @entity158 interference over the past 24 hours on a scale from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater severity. To quantify timing of therapeutic effect, we compared ( @entity4481 [vs] placebo) daily average @entity158 and @entity158 interference scores over the first 14 days of treatment. Significant improvement was defined as the first day, of >= 2 consecutive days, that @entity4481 significantly (P < 0.05) reduced mean scores compared with placebo. To further quantify timing of therapeutic effect, each treatment group was examined to determine the time required to achieve a >= 1-point improvement in @entity158 and @entity158 interference score among @entity1 with a clinically meaningful and sustained response (>= 30% improvement from baseline to end point) by using a time-to-event analysis method. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to estimate the median (or 25th quartile) time (in days) required to achieve a >= 1-point improvement, among these responders, in @entity158 and @entity158 interference scores. Comparisons between @entity4481 and placebo were made with a log-rank test. FINDINGS: In both trials, significant improvement of @entity158 and @entity158 interference occurred within 2 days of initiating treatment with @entity4481 . Among @entity1 reporting a clinically meaningful and sustained response to treatment ( @entity1 with >= 30% improvement from baseline to end point), the time to a >= 1-point improvement of @entity158 and @entity158 interference occurred significantly earlier among @entity4481 -treated @entity1 than among placebo-treated @entity1 . Finally, the timing of @entity4481 's effect on @entity158 and @entity158 interference was unaffected by the use of concomitant medications that were allowed for treatment of @entity9 in both trials. IMPLICATIONS: Treatment with @entity4481 results in rapid time to significant improvement in both @entity158 and @entity158 interference in @entity1 with @entity9 due to @entity1566 . These findings should only be used as a guide to physicians and @entity1 as to when clinical response to @entity4481 may be expected.

title: Examining the Time to Therapeutic Effect of @entity4481 in @entity1566 @entity1 With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity9 :: (MESH:D009437,Disease) :: ['Neuropathic Pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 2 large-scale, placebo-controlled trials, @entity4481 improved both @entity158 and @entity158 interference in @entity1 with @entity9 due to @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). In both trials, @entity4481 found statistically significant improvement compared with placebo after 1 week of treatment. However, the effects of @entity4481 in the days immediately after initiation of treatment are unknown. The purpose of the present analysis was to determine timing of @entity4481 's therapeutic effect in the days after initiation of treatment. METHODS: Data were derived from 2 trials of @entity4481 in @entity1 with @entity1566 -related @entity9 . Each day @entity1 rated severity of @entity158 and @entity158 interference over the past 24 hours on a scale from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater severity. To quantify timing of therapeutic effect, we compared ( @entity4481 [vs] placebo) daily average @entity158 and @entity158 interference scores over the first 14 days of treatment. Significant improvement was defined as the first day, of >= 2 consecutive days, that @entity4481 significantly (P < 0.05) reduced mean scores compared with placebo. To further quantify timing of therapeutic effect, each treatment group was examined to determine the time required to achieve a >= 1-point improvement in @entity158 and @entity158 interference score among @entity1 with a clinically meaningful and sustained response (>= 30% improvement from baseline to end point) by using a time-to-event analysis method. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to estimate the median (or 25th quartile) time (in days) required to achieve a >= 1-point improvement, among these responders, in @entity158 and @entity158 interference scores. Comparisons between @entity4481 and placebo were made with a log-rank test. FINDINGS: In both trials, significant improvement of @entity158 and @entity158 interference occurred within 2 days of initiating treatment with @entity4481 . Among @entity1 reporting a clinically meaningful and sustained response to treatment ( @entity1 with >= 30% improvement from baseline to end point), the time to a >= 1-point improvement of @entity158 and @entity158 interference occurred significantly earlier among @entity4481 -treated @entity1 than among placebo-treated @entity1 . Finally, the timing of @entity4481 's effect on @entity158 and @entity158 interference was unaffected by the use of concomitant medications that were allowed for treatment of @entity9 in both trials. IMPLICATIONS: Treatment with @entity4481 results in rapid time to significant improvement in both @entity158 and @entity158 interference in @entity1 with @entity9 due to @entity1566 . These findings should only be used as a guide to physicians and @entity1 as to when clinical response to @entity4481 may be expected.

title: Examining the Time to Therapeutic Effect of @entity4481 in XXXX @entity1 With @entity9 .

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 2 large-scale, placebo-controlled trials, @entity4481 improved both @entity158 and @entity158 interference in @entity1 with @entity9 due to @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). In both trials, @entity4481 found statistically significant improvement compared with placebo after 1 week of treatment. However, the effects of @entity4481 in the days immediately after initiation of treatment are unknown. The purpose of the present analysis was to determine timing of @entity4481 's therapeutic effect in the days after initiation of treatment. METHODS: Data were derived from 2 trials of @entity4481 in @entity1 with @entity1566 -related @entity9 . Each day @entity1 rated severity of @entity158 and @entity158 interference over the past 24 hours on a scale from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater severity. To quantify timing of therapeutic effect, we compared ( @entity4481 [vs] placebo) daily average @entity158 and @entity158 interference scores over the first 14 days of treatment. Significant improvement was defined as the first day, of >= 2 consecutive days, that @entity4481 significantly (P < 0.05) reduced mean scores compared with placebo. To further quantify timing of therapeutic effect, each treatment group was examined to determine the time required to achieve a >= 1-point improvement in @entity158 and @entity158 interference score among @entity1 with a clinically meaningful and sustained response (>= 30% improvement from baseline to end point) by using a time-to-event analysis method. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to estimate the median (or 25th quartile) time (in days) required to achieve a >= 1-point improvement, among these responders, in @entity158 and @entity158 interference scores. Comparisons between @entity4481 and placebo were made with a log-rank test. FINDINGS: In both trials, significant improvement of @entity158 and @entity158 interference occurred within 2 days of initiating treatment with @entity4481 . Among @entity1 reporting a clinically meaningful and sustained response to treatment ( @entity1 with >= 30% improvement from baseline to end point), the time to a >= 1-point improvement of @entity158 and @entity158 interference occurred significantly earlier among @entity4481 -treated @entity1 than among placebo-treated @entity1 . Finally, the timing of @entity4481 's effect on @entity158 and @entity158 interference was unaffected by the use of concomitant medications that were allowed for treatment of @entity9 in both trials. IMPLICATIONS: Treatment with @entity4481 results in rapid time to significant improvement in both @entity158 and @entity158 interference in @entity1 with @entity9 due to @entity1566 . These findings should only be used as a guide to physicians and @entity1 as to when clinical response to @entity4481 may be expected.

title: Examining the Time to Therapeutic Effect of @entity4481 in @entity1566 XXXX With @entity9 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2631 en coup the sabre (LSCS), progressive @entity5043 (PFH) and @entity14752 are distinct clinical entities, although @entity1 with overlapping features have been reported. We performed a multicenter retrospective review of a series of @entity1 with LSCS and/or PFH to explore the relation between these entities. The files of 16 @entity1 were reviewed, 11 presented with LSCS, 5 with PFH, with time overlapping cutaneous features were seen. Extracutaneous signs were found in both groups. ANA were present in more than 50  % of @entity1 . Almost half of our @entity1 presented with CNS manifestations comprising @entity10 , @entity2704 and @entity302 with or without abnormalities on MRI. Brain biopsy in one @entity1 was consistent with @entity198 . In two other @entity1 , associated autoimmune manifestations were present. CONCLUSION: Our @entity1 cohort brings more arguments to consider LSCS and PFH as a single disease entity with LSCS and superficial skin involvement at one end of the spectrum and PFH with involvement of subcutaneous deep tissue at the other end. In both entities, @entity198 can be observed. Our findings of circulating ANA, intradermal lymphocytes and IgG, intrathecal IgG production and clinical improvement with immunosuppressive therapy endorse the concept of a possible common immune-inflammatory pathogenesis. What is known:     LSCS, PFH and immune-inflammatory @entity198 are distinct clinical entities, but @entity1 with overlapping features have been reported. What is new:     We present a unique paediatric cohort with LSCS, PFH and/or @entity198 .     We endorse the concept of a common immune-inflammatory disease process.

title: Overlap between @entity2631 , progressive @entity5043 and immune-inflammatory XXXX in a paediatric cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['Rasmussen encephalitis', 'encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['Linear scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity5043 :: ('MESH:D005150', 'Disease') :: ['facial hemiatrophy']

entities_list: @entity14752 :: ('MESH:C535841', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral headache']

answer: @entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['encephalitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2631 en coup the sabre (LSCS), progressive @entity5043 (PFH) and @entity14752 are distinct clinical entities, although @entity1 with overlapping features have been reported. We performed a multicenter retrospective review of a series of @entity1 with LSCS and/or PFH to explore the relation between these entities. The files of 16 @entity1 were reviewed, 11 presented with LSCS, 5 with PFH, with time overlapping cutaneous features were seen. Extracutaneous signs were found in both groups. ANA were present in more than 50  % of @entity1 . Almost half of our @entity1 presented with CNS manifestations comprising @entity10 , @entity2704 and @entity302 with or without abnormalities on MRI. Brain biopsy in one @entity1 was consistent with @entity198 . In two other @entity1 , associated autoimmune manifestations were present. CONCLUSION: Our @entity1 cohort brings more arguments to consider LSCS and PFH as a single disease entity with LSCS and superficial skin involvement at one end of the spectrum and PFH with involvement of subcutaneous deep tissue at the other end. In both entities, @entity198 can be observed. Our findings of circulating ANA, intradermal lymphocytes and IgG, intrathecal IgG production and clinical improvement with immunosuppressive therapy endorse the concept of a possible common immune-inflammatory pathogenesis. What is known:     LSCS, PFH and immune-inflammatory @entity198 are distinct clinical entities, but @entity1 with overlapping features have been reported. What is new:     We present a unique paediatric cohort with LSCS, PFH and/or @entity198 .     We endorse the concept of a common immune-inflammatory disease process.

title: Overlap between XXXX , progressive @entity5043 and immune-inflammatory @entity198 in a paediatric cohort.

answer: @entity2631 :: (MESH:D012594,Disease) :: ['linear scleroderma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2631 en coup the sabre (LSCS), progressive @entity5043 (PFH) and @entity14752 are distinct clinical entities, although @entity1 with overlapping features have been reported. We performed a multicenter retrospective review of a series of @entity1 with LSCS and/or PFH to explore the relation between these entities. The files of 16 @entity1 were reviewed, 11 presented with LSCS, 5 with PFH, with time overlapping cutaneous features were seen. Extracutaneous signs were found in both groups. ANA were present in more than 50  % of @entity1 . Almost half of our @entity1 presented with CNS manifestations comprising @entity10 , @entity2704 and @entity302 with or without abnormalities on MRI. Brain biopsy in one @entity1 was consistent with @entity198 . In two other @entity1 , associated autoimmune manifestations were present. CONCLUSION: Our @entity1 cohort brings more arguments to consider LSCS and PFH as a single disease entity with LSCS and superficial skin involvement at one end of the spectrum and PFH with involvement of subcutaneous deep tissue at the other end. In both entities, @entity198 can be observed. Our findings of circulating ANA, intradermal lymphocytes and IgG, intrathecal IgG production and clinical improvement with immunosuppressive therapy endorse the concept of a possible common immune-inflammatory pathogenesis. What is known:     LSCS, PFH and immune-inflammatory @entity198 are distinct clinical entities, but @entity1 with overlapping features have been reported. What is new:     We present a unique paediatric cohort with LSCS, PFH and/or @entity198 .     We endorse the concept of a common immune-inflammatory disease process.

title: Overlap between @entity2631 , progressive XXXX and immune-inflammatory @entity198 in a paediatric cohort.

answer: @entity5043 :: (MESH:D005150,Disease) :: ['facial hemiatrophy']


abstract: @entity349 is a major environmental pollutant and a proven teratogen in @entity1 and animals. Its teratogenicity and effects on fetal chromosomes were investigated in @entity19 . Various dose levels of @entity3319 ( @entity1139 ) were administered via an intragastric tube to pregnant ICR Swiss/Webster @entity19 on day 9 of gestation. On day 18 of gestation the animals were killed and the fetuses were removed. Fetal lung and liver tissues were processed for cytogenetic studies. Fetuses were also fixed in Bouin's solution for subsequent teratological examination by using Wilson's technique. @entity349 levels were determined in maternal blood and randomly selected fetuses. One fetus from each litter was processed for skeletal staining with @entity6033 . A significant @entity204 and resorptions was observed at all dose levels. The incidence of fetal anomalies was significantly increased following maternal treatment with 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg of @entity1139 . Maternal weight between day 9 and day 18 of gestation decreased significantly. The LD50 of @entity1139 in pregnant @entity19 was determined to be 20 mg/kg of body weight; the LD100 was 30 mg/kg. A significant difference was observed between the mean fetal weights at the various dose levels. Levels of @entity349 were found to be significantly higher in treated animals and fetuses, and increased in a dose-related manner. The levels of @entity349 were significantly higher in the fetuses than in the mothers at the same dosage, indicating a correlation between the levels of @entity349 in maternal @entity19 and corresponding higher levels in their fetuses. Cytogenetic studies revealed significant clumping of chromosomes in metaphase at all dose levels and the frequency of clumping increased as dosage increased. The euploidy number (2n = 40) of chromosomes per cell did not vary between the treatment groups and control groups. The frequency of nucleolus-organizing regions per cell did not change significantly between the treatment groups and the control. The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges increased significantly as the dosage increased.

title: In vivo evaluation of teratogenesis and cytogenetic changes following XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity349 :: ('MESH:D008628', 'Chemical') :: ['Mercury', 'mercury']

entities_list: @entity6033 :: ('MESH:C004468', 'Chemical') :: ['Alizarin Red S']

entities_list: @entity3319 :: ('MESH:C004925', 'Chemical') :: ['methylmercuric chloride']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['increase in embryonic deaths']

answer: @entity3319 :: (MESH:C004925,Chemical) :: ['methylmercuric chloride']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the safety and short-term efficacy of endovascular interventions for symptomatic lung transplant-related anastomotic @entity849 ( @entity849 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From February 2008 to December 2011, 354 lung transplants were performed. Pulmonary arteriography was performed in 19 @entity1 (63% @entity1 ; age, 57 y    21, mean    SD; seven double-lung transplants) because of @entity1576 (mean 6.7 mo after transplant). Seven arteriograms were normal, and 12 showed significant @entity849 . One @entity1 (5%) underwent angioplasty alone, and 11 @entity1 (57%) underwent stent placement. RESULTS: All @entity1 underwent general anesthesia, and femoral access was used for the intervention. Technical success was 100% in the 12 @entity1 treated. Symptoms improved in all @entity1 who underwent intervention, with resolution in 11 of 12 (92%). There were no major or minor complications. Three @entity1 (16%) had recurrent symptoms after discharge secondary to chronic rejection or @entity55 . Two @entity1 died as a result of @entity295 and @entity177 at 2 days and 14 days, respectively, after undergoing only pulmonary arteriography. In-stent @entity850 occurred in 1 (9%) @entity1 who required additional stent placement. During a mean follow-up period of 11 months, the remaining stents were patent, and the @entity1 were asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular stent placement provides an alternative to open repair for transplant-related anastomotic @entity849 . It has low mortality and morbidity rates, and it has shown excellent short-term functional and anatomic outcomes.

title: Endovascular Management of Early Lung Transplant-Related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan failure']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['PAS', 'pulmonary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory decompensation']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity849 :: (MESH:D011666,Disease) :: ['Anastomotic Pulmonary Artery Stenosis']


abstract: Allograft vasculopathy (AV) causes intimal thickening with progressive @entity3885 , @entity409 , and abnormal vasomotion. Subendocardial vacuolization indicating ongoing @entity63 was observed at autopsy in transplanted hearts with severe AV. Whether myocyte vacuolization can be observed with lesser degrees of AV in cardia transplant @entity1 has not been reported. Thirty-nine cardiac transplant @entity1 without flow-limiting disease in large epicardial arteries underwent invasive assessment of AV. Eight to 10 segments of the left anterior descending artery were analyzed by intracoronary ultrasound, and an average intimal index was calculated. Endothelial response to @entity934 was assessed with serial quantitative angiography. Endomyocardial biopsies taken 5 to 7 days prior to the invasive studies were histopathologically reviewed for the presence of small intramyocardial arteries and myocyte vacuolization. Myocyte vacuolization was evident in biopsies from 20 @entity1 (51%). Intramyocardial arteries were observed in 30 cases (76%); 14 had abnormal arteries. All @entity1 had some degree of intimal thickening by intracoronary ultrasound, and 7 (17 %) had severely abnormal average intimal index (>0.2). @entity409 was present in 23 @entity1 (58%). Vacuolization failed to show an association with abnormal small artery histology or large epicardial artery ultrasound disease. However, a significant association between vacuolization and @entity409 was observed (p = 0.05). Myocyte vacuolization, possibly indicating @entity63 , is common in biopsies from cardiac transplant @entity1 and is associated with abnormal @entity934 response in large epicardial arteries. We speculate that myocyte vacuolization may be caused at least in part by impaired coronary flow associated with @entity409 .

title: Myocardial vacuolization, a marker of @entity63 , in surveillance cardiac biopsies posttransplant: Correlations with morphologic vascular disease and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['luminal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['endothelial dysfunction']


abstract: Allograft vasculopathy (AV) causes intimal thickening with progressive @entity3885 , @entity409 , and abnormal vasomotion. Subendocardial vacuolization indicating ongoing @entity63 was observed at autopsy in transplanted hearts with severe AV. Whether myocyte vacuolization can be observed with lesser degrees of AV in cardia transplant @entity1 has not been reported. Thirty-nine cardiac transplant @entity1 without flow-limiting disease in large epicardial arteries underwent invasive assessment of AV. Eight to 10 segments of the left anterior descending artery were analyzed by intracoronary ultrasound, and an average intimal index was calculated. Endothelial response to @entity934 was assessed with serial quantitative angiography. Endomyocardial biopsies taken 5 to 7 days prior to the invasive studies were histopathologically reviewed for the presence of small intramyocardial arteries and myocyte vacuolization. Myocyte vacuolization was evident in biopsies from 20 @entity1 (51%). Intramyocardial arteries were observed in 30 cases (76%); 14 had abnormal arteries. All @entity1 had some degree of intimal thickening by intracoronary ultrasound, and 7 (17 %) had severely abnormal average intimal index (>0.2). @entity409 was present in 23 @entity1 (58%). Vacuolization failed to show an association with abnormal small artery histology or large epicardial artery ultrasound disease. However, a significant association between vacuolization and @entity409 was observed (p = 0.05). Myocyte vacuolization, possibly indicating @entity63 , is common in biopsies from cardiac transplant @entity1 and is associated with abnormal @entity934 response in large epicardial arteries. We speculate that myocyte vacuolization may be caused at least in part by impaired coronary flow associated with @entity409 .

title: Myocardial vacuolization, a marker of XXXX , in surveillance cardiac biopsies posttransplant: Correlations with morphologic vascular disease and @entity409 .

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic injury']


abstract: A new approach to surgical correction of @entity3467 (including @entity4118 ) is advanced. A ring-shaped inlay of biologically-inert polymer is imbedded into the @entity267 in order to make its curvature steeper. The corneal tissue is displaced centripetally by constant traction around its optical zone. No corneal grafting or incision in the optical zone is required. The simplest way to carry out the procedure is to place a buried intracorneal suture in a circle 6 to 8 mm in diameter. The suture must be tied strongly enough to ensure sufficient bulging of the @entity267 inside the circle. Then it will remain buried inside the @entity267 permanently. The term "circling keratorraphy" was coined for the technique. The results of the first six procedures performed on @entity1 are presented and are considered to be promising. Some improvements in the exactness and delicacy of the technique are required; this work is currently in progress.

title: Circling keratorraphy: a new approach to surgical correction of XXXX (preliminary communication).

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['hyperopia']

answer: @entity4118 :: (MESH:D001035,Disease) :: ['aphakia']


abstract: The irrigation is generally similar to that found in the @entity35 and the hamster. However, certain differences are found in the OF1 strain of @entity19 . The relatively slender @entity2670 has a perpendicular @entity254 at the cranial extremity of the uterine artery giving rise to a more voluminous ovarian branch. The arterial @entity254 at the tubulo-uterine junction is very fine. The uterine artery always arises from the umbilical artery which in every case arose from the internal iliac artery. The uterine artery has a voluminous branch to the uterine body and the cervix but does not anastomose with the vaginal artery. The vaginal arteries are narrow and asymmetrical, the right branch always giving rise to a voluminous urethral branch. The arteries of the pelvic wall are characterised by the variability of their origin resulting from the asymmetric disposition of the internal and external iliac arteries. The venous system includes numerous anastomoses, cranial and caudal to the pubic symphysis. On the sides of the vagina, the vaginal veins form an anastomosic arcade.

title: [Blood supply to the female urogenital system and pelvis in the XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian artery']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: AIM: To review the experience on depot-dose, and daily low-dose @entity4396 agonist (GnRHa) long protocols and identify prognostic factors. SETTING AND DESIGN: A chart review was conducted on 2106 depot and 1299 daily low-dose cycles at a university hospital. METHODS: Clinical parameters were summarized, and prognostic factors of clinical pregnancy for each protocol were identified by logistic regressions. Missing data were imputed using @entity156 ( @entity156 ) and the regression models were rerun after @entity156 . RESULTS: Clinical pregnancy rate was 57.5% and 46.9% in the depot and daily low-dose groups, respectively. Logistic regressions with @entity156 identified age (odds ratio [OR]: 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-0.98), serum @entity1420 (OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.45-0.84) and endometrial thickness (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.12) on @entity1 @entity1465 day, number of oocytes retrieved (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06), fertilization rate (OR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.46-4.87) and ratio of good-quality D3 embryos (OR: 4.31, 95% CI: 2.79-6.67) as prognostic factors in the depot group. Age (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98), endometrial thickness on hCG day (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03-1.15), ratio of good quality D3 embryos (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.59-4.13) and the number of cryopreserved embryos (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.003-1.15) are prognostic for the daily low-dose protocol. Some regression coefficients that are significant under model-wise deletion become nonsignificant after @entity156 . CONCLUSIONS: Age, embryo quality and endometrial thickness on hCG day are important prognostic factors for both 1.0/1.3 mg depot and 0.05/0.1 mg daily low-dose luteal phase GnRHa long protocols. @entity156 is a valuable tool to gauge and address bias caused by missing data in reproductive medicine.

title: Prognostic factors associated with clinical pregnancy in in vitro fertilization using pituitary down-regulation with depot and daily low-dose luteal phase XXXX agonists: A single center's experience.

entities_list: @entity4396 :: ('2796', 'Gene') :: ['gonadotropin releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1465 :: ('93659', 'Gene') :: ['chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)']

entities_list: @entity156 :: ('MESH:D000015', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'multiple imputations']

answer: @entity4396 :: (2796,Gene) :: ['gonadotropin releasing hormone']


abstract: A simple, sensitive, inexpensive, and rapid stability indicating high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for determination of @entity136 in injectable dosage forms using @entity2544 as internal standard. @entity1172 was achieved on a Phenomenex Luna C-18 column (250   mm * 4.6   mm; 5 ) with a mobile phase consisting of 90% water and 10% @entity1626 (pH 7.00    0.05). The signals of @entity136 and @entity2544 were recorded at 275   nm. Calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-50    g/mL. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 or higher. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.1498 and 0.4541    g/mL, respectively. The inter- and intraday precision were less than 2%. Accuracy of the method ranged from 100.2% to 100.4%. Stability studies indicate that the drug was stable to sunlight and UV light. The drug gives 6 different hydrolytic products under alkaline stress and 3 in acidic condition. Aqueous and oxidative stress conditions also degrade the drug. Degradation was higher in the alkaline condition compared to other stress conditions. The robustness of the methods was evaluated using design of experiments. Validation reveals that the proposed method is specific, accurate, precise, reliable, robust, reproducible, and suitable for the quantitative analysis.

title: Stability-indicating HPLC determination of XXXX in pharmaceutical formulations.

entities_list: @entity2544 :: ('MESH:D013806', 'Chemical') :: ['theophylline']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1172 :: ('MESH:D001010', 'Disease') :: ['Chromatographic separation']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: @entity204 among @entity378 @entity1 is one of the major reasons for non-attainment of 85% treatment success target set by World Health Organization. In this short paper, we evaluated whether the overall mortality rate in @entity1907 is being affected by other comorbid conditions. All new smear positive @entity1907 @entity1 (N =336), who started their treatment at the chest clinic of the Penang General Hospital, between March 2010 and February 2011, were followed-up until December 2011. @entity378 treatment outcomes were reported according to six treatment outcome categories recommended by World Health Organization. The outcome category 'died' was defined as 'a @entity1 who died due to @entity378 or other cause during @entity378 treatment'. Our findings showed that out of 336 smear positive @entity1907 @entity1 , 59 (17.6%) died during treatment (mortality rate = 1.003 cases per 1000 @entity1 -days of follow-up). Among the deceased @entity1 , the mean age was 55.8 years (SD =16.17) and 49 were male. According to the mortality review forms, 29 @entity204 were @entity378 -related, while the remaining 30 @entity1 died due to reasons other than @entity378 . @entity64 (n =7), @entity295 shock (n =4) and @entity1187 (n =4) were the most common @entity378 related reasons for mortality in the @entity1 . If the 30 @entity1 , for whom @entity378 was incidental to @entity204 , are excluded from the final cohort, the proportion of @entity1 in the 'died' outcome category could be reduced to 9.5%. The treatment outcome criterion (i.e., died) set by World Health Organization has limitations. Therefore, it requires improvement for more objective evaluation of the performance of the National @entity378 Program.

title: XXXX @entity204 : are we measuring accurately?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebrovascular accident']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['non-tuberculosis', 'Tuberculosis', 'tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Death', 'deaths', 'death']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['Tuberculosis']


abstract: @entity204 among @entity378 @entity1 is one of the major reasons for non-attainment of 85% treatment success target set by World Health Organization. In this short paper, we evaluated whether the overall mortality rate in @entity1907 is being affected by other comorbid conditions. All new smear positive @entity1907 @entity1 (N =336), who started their treatment at the chest clinic of the Penang General Hospital, between March 2010 and February 2011, were followed-up until December 2011. @entity378 treatment outcomes were reported according to six treatment outcome categories recommended by World Health Organization. The outcome category 'died' was defined as 'a @entity1 who died due to @entity378 or other cause during @entity378 treatment'. Our findings showed that out of 336 smear positive @entity1907 @entity1 , 59 (17.6%) died during treatment (mortality rate = 1.003 cases per 1000 @entity1 -days of follow-up). Among the deceased @entity1 , the mean age was 55.8 years (SD =16.17) and 49 were male. According to the mortality review forms, 29 @entity204 were @entity378 -related, while the remaining 30 @entity1 died due to reasons other than @entity378 . @entity64 (n =7), @entity295 shock (n =4) and @entity1187 (n =4) were the most common @entity378 related reasons for mortality in the @entity1 . If the 30 @entity1 , for whom @entity378 was incidental to @entity204 , are excluded from the final cohort, the proportion of @entity1 in the 'died' outcome category could be reduced to 9.5%. The treatment outcome criterion (i.e., died) set by World Health Organization has limitations. Therefore, it requires improvement for more objective evaluation of the performance of the National @entity378 Program.

title: @entity378 XXXX : are we measuring accurately?

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['deaths']


abstract: @entity231 @entity1 suspected of having disease which might interfere with good postoperative visual function were referred for evaluation. Monocular steady-state luminance visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were elicited with closed eyes at a stimulus rate of 10 flashes/sec. VEPs were rated as either normal or abnormal. @entity1 with normal VEPs were predicted to have an acuity of 6/15 (20/50) or better. @entity1 with abnormal VEPs were predicted to have acuities of 6/18 (20/60) or worse. Postoperative acuities were determined for all @entity1 who underwent surgery and who had no intraoperative or early @entity260 . The association of preoperative VEPs and observed postoperative acuities were quantitatively compared by a 2 x 2 contingency table for the 59 eyes which met these criteria. The chi-square was significant (p less than 0.001). The overall accuracy of prediction was 76%. Accuracy was 80% for @entity1 with a preoperative acuity of 6/60 (20/200) or better and 75% for those whose postoperative acuity was 6/120 (20/400) or worse. This difference was not statistically significant.

title: 10-Hz flash visual evoked potentials predict post- XXXX extraction visual acuity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['Cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: Studies of individuals with @entity73 ( @entity73 ) have detected @entity2915 in the hippocampus during task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Such elevated activation has been localized to the hippocampal dentate gyrus/ @entity1400 (DG/ @entity1400 ) during performance of a task designed to detect the computational contributions of those hippocampal circuits to episodic memory. The current investigation was conducted to test the hypothesis that greater hippocampal activation in @entity73 represents a dysfunctional shift in the normal computational balance of the DG/ @entity1400 regions, augmenting @entity1400 -driven pattern completion at the expense of pattern separation mediated by the dentate gyrus. We tested this hypothesis using an intervention based on animal research demonstrating a beneficial effect on cognition by reducing excess hippocampal neural activity with low doses of the atypical anti- @entity302 levetiracetam. In a within-subject design we assessed the effects of levetiracetam in three cohorts of @entity73 @entity1 , each receiving a different dose of levetiracetam. Elevated activation in the DG/ @entity1400 region, together with impaired task performance, was detected in each @entity73 cohort relative to an aged control group. We observed significant improvement in memory task performance under drug treatment relative to placebo in the @entity73 cohorts at the 62.5 and 125  mg BID doses of levetiracetam. Drug treatment in those cohorts increased accuracy dependent on pattern separation processes and reduced errors attributable to an over-riding effect of pattern completion while normalizing fMRI activation in the @entity1400 and entorhinal cortex. Similar to findings in animal studies, higher dosing at 250  mg BID had no significant benefit on either task performance or fMRI activation. Consistent with predictions based on the computational functions of the @entity1400 elucidated in basic animal research, these data support a dysfunctional encoding mechanism detected by fMRI in individuals with @entity73 and therapeutic intervention using fMRI to detect target engagement in response to treatment.

title: Response of the medial temporal lobe network in XXXX to therapeutic intervention assessed by fMRI and memory task performance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['amnestic mild cognitive impairment', 'aMCI']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['amnestic mild cognitive impairment']


abstract: A field strain of @entity778 isolated in embryonated eggs during the 1984-5 influenza outbreak (A/Finland/13/85E) was compared in an antigenic analysis with virus from the same clinical specimen isolated in MDCK cell cultures (A/Finland/13/85M). The @entity23338 appeared to be more sensitive to haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies against heterologous viruses than did the @entity9258 . The results of propagation and plaque purification experiments support the hypothesis that a single clinical specimen may consist of distinct antigenic variant subpopulations promoted selectively by the host during isolation procedures. Receptor-binding properties are discussed as a possible explanation for this selectivity. A set of 471 paired sera consisting of pre-epidemic and post-epidemic specimens taken from the same subjects in 1984-5 was studied for haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to six @entity778 strains, including the @entity9258 and the @entity23338 from A/Finland/13/85. Of the antigens used, the @entity23338 detected significant antibody increases more frequently than did the @entity9258 (10.0 v. 5.9%). The superiority of the @entity23338 may rest primarily in its ability to pick out anamnestic antibody responses. Irrespective of this cross-reactivity, pre-epidemic antibody to the @entity23338 was fairly well associated with protection. In the set of sera (230 specimens) collected in summer 1985 to represent different age groups, the antibody status against the @entity23338 was significantly better than the status against the @entity9258 . The results suggest that, at least in some instances, antibody to MDCK-grown virus is a more accurate indicator of the immune status of a community than antibodies to egg-grown virus variants.

title: Egg-grown and tissue-culture-grown variants of XXXX with special attention to their use as antigens in seroepidemiology.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A (H3N2) virus']

answer: @entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['influenza A (H3N2) virus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6929 ( @entity6929 ) over-expression disrupts the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the @entity63 brain. The retinoid X receptor agonist bexarotene suppresses @entity6929 expression in endothelial cells and displays neuroprotective effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that bexarotene may have a beneficial effect on I/R-induced @entity75 . METHODS: A total of 180 @entity35 were randomized into three groups (n = 60 each): (i) a sham-operation group, (ii) a @entity2806 -reperfusion (I/R) group, and (iii) an I/R+bexarotene group. Brain water content was measured by the dry wet weight method. BBB permeability was analyzed by Evans Blue staining and the magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent Omniscan. @entity6929 mRNA expression, protein expression, and activity were assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and gelatin zymography, respectively. @entity12217 ( @entity12217 ), @entity22677 , and @entity659 expression were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: After 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post-I/R, several effects were observed with bexarotene administration: (i) brain water content and BBB permeability were significantly reduced; (ii) @entity6929 mRNA and protein expression as well as activity were significantly decreased; (iii) @entity22677 and @entity659 expression were significantly increased; and (iv) @entity12217 expression was significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS: Bexarotene decreases BBB permeability in @entity35 with cerebral I/R injury. This effect may be due in part to bexarotene's upregulation of @entity12217 expression, which has been previously shown to reduce BBB permeability through suppressing @entity6929 -mediated degradation of the tight junction proteins @entity22677 and @entity659 . This work offers insight to aid future development of therapeutic agents for cerebral I/R injury in @entity1 @entity1 .

title: Bexarotene Reduces Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in XXXX -Reperfusion Injured @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['BBB dysfunction']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['Cerebral Ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6929 ( @entity6929 ) over-expression disrupts the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the @entity63 brain. The retinoid X receptor agonist bexarotene suppresses @entity6929 expression in endothelial cells and displays neuroprotective effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that bexarotene may have a beneficial effect on I/R-induced @entity75 . METHODS: A total of 180 @entity35 were randomized into three groups (n = 60 each): (i) a sham-operation group, (ii) a @entity2806 -reperfusion (I/R) group, and (iii) an I/R+bexarotene group. Brain water content was measured by the dry wet weight method. BBB permeability was analyzed by Evans Blue staining and the magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent Omniscan. @entity6929 mRNA expression, protein expression, and activity were assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and gelatin zymography, respectively. @entity12217 ( @entity12217 ), @entity22677 , and @entity659 expression were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: After 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post-I/R, several effects were observed with bexarotene administration: (i) brain water content and BBB permeability were significantly reduced; (ii) @entity6929 mRNA and protein expression as well as activity were significantly decreased; (iii) @entity22677 and @entity659 expression were significantly increased; and (iv) @entity12217 expression was significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS: Bexarotene decreases BBB permeability in @entity35 with cerebral I/R injury. This effect may be due in part to bexarotene's upregulation of @entity12217 expression, which has been previously shown to reduce BBB permeability through suppressing @entity6929 -mediated degradation of the tight junction proteins @entity22677 and @entity659 . This work offers insight to aid future development of therapeutic agents for cerebral I/R injury in @entity1 @entity1 .

title: Bexarotene Reduces Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in @entity2806 -Reperfusion Injured XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report a case of a 14-year-old female with primary @entity694 . She was hospitalized after presenting with @entity490 and signs of @entity1321 . There was no health antecedent or family history of @entity5 . Physical examination revealed a distended abdomen. Tenderness was elicited to palpation of the right lower quadrant. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen revealed obstructive signs, with a constricting lesion in the mid-transverse colon of probable neoplastic nature. Laparoscopic segmental resection of the colon was followed by standard right hemicolectomy. A circumferential mid-transverse @entity5 was diagnosed as primary @entity14 ( @entity14 ) of signet-ring cell type, AJCC stage IIIC, Dukes' C stage. On the basis of immunohistochemistry and clinical data, hereditary nonpolyposis and hamartomatous @entity14 were excluded. Involvement of either the @entity876 , @entity817 , or @entity984 genes was ruled out by immunohistochemistry profiling and genetic testing. The @entity5 was categorized as sporadic. The possibility of activation of the Wnt signaling pathway was suspected, because of a defective turnover of the @entity3546 protein. Postoperatively, the @entity1 was treated with both systemic and intra-abdominal adjuvant chemotherapy, including oxaliplatin. Between 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, @entity5 recurrences were detected. The @entity1 underwent bilateral oophorectomies for Krukenberg @entity5 and received salvage chemotherapy. Recently, additional recurrent metastatic @entity66 caused @entity3041 . The retroperitoneal mass was debulked and a ureteric stent was placed. At the time of this writing, 43 months after diagnosis, the @entity1 is receiving FOLFOX chemotherapy combined with panitumumab. @entity14 of childhood is exceedingly rare, generally develops in the setting of unrecognized genetic predisposing factors to @entity5 , presents with @entity1442 , is high grade, and tends to have dismal prognosis.

title: Selected Case From the Arkadi M. Rywlin International Pathology Slide Club: Carcinoma of the Transverse Colon in a Young XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intra-abdominal tumor', 'tumors', 'neoplasm', 'cancer', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer syndromes', 'CRC', 'colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Girl']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Head CT after out-of-hospital @entity1167 is often obtained to evaluate intracranial pathology. Among @entity1 admitted to the PICU following pediatric out-of-hospital @entity1167 , we hypothesized that loss of gray-white matter differentiation and basilar cistern and sulcal effacement are associated with mortality and unfavorable neurologic outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective, cohort study. SETTING: Single, tertiary-care center PICU. @entity1 : Seventy-eight @entity1 less than 18 years old who survived out-of-hospital @entity1167 to PICU admission and had a head CT within 24 hours of return of spontaneous circulation were evaluated from July 2005 through May 2012. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Median time to head CT from return of spontaneous circulation was 3.3 hours (1.0, 6.0). Median @entity1 age was 2.3 years (0.4, 9.5). Thirty-nine @entity1 (50%) survived, of whom 29 (74%) had favorable neurologic outcome. Nonsurvivors were more likely than survivors to have 1) loss of gray-white matter differentiation (Hounsfield unit ratios, 0.96 [0.88, 1.07] vs 1.1 [1.07, 1.2]; p < 0.001), 2) basilar cistern effacement (93% vs 7%; p = 0.001; positive predictive value, 94%; negative predictive value, 59%), and 3) sulcal effacement (100% vs 0%; p  <= 0.001; positive predictive value, 100%; negative predictive value, 68%). All @entity1 with poor gray-white matter differentiation or sulcal effacement had unfavorable neurologic outcomes. Only one @entity1 with basilar cistern effacement had favorable outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Loss of gray-white matter differentiation and basilar cistern effacement and sulcal effacement are associated with poor outcome after pediatric out-of-hospital @entity1167 . Select @entity1 may have favorable outcomes despite these findings.

title: Early Head CT Findings Are Associated With Outcomes After XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 is the most frequently diagnosed type of @entity5 among @entity1 . Mammogram is one of the most effective tools for early detection of the @entity0 . Various computer-aided systems have been introduced to detect the @entity0 from mammogram images. In a computer-aided diagnosis system, detection and segmentation of breast masses from the background tissues is an important issue. In this paper, an automatic segmentation method is proposed to identify and segment the suspicious mass regions of mammogram using a modified transition rule named maximal cell strength updation in @entity465 ( @entity465 ). In coarse-level segmentation, the proposed method performs an adaptive global thresholding based on the histogram peak analysis to obtain the rough region of interest. An automatic seed point selection is proposed using gray-level co-occurrence matrix-based sum average feature in the coarse segmented image. Finally, the method utilizes @entity465 with the identified initial seed point and the modified transition rule to segment the mass region. The proposed approach is evaluated over the dataset of 70 mammograms with mass from mini-MIAS database. Experimental results show that the proposed approach yields promising results to segment the mass region in the mammograms with the sensitivity of 92.25  % and accuracy of 93.48  %.

title: Mammogram segmentation using maximal cell strength updation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['CA', 'cellular automata']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity465 :: (MESH:D007153,Disease) :: ['cellular automata']


abstract: PURPOSE: Older @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity463 have poor outcomes, and optimal treatment is controversial. Hypofractionated radiation therapy (HRT) is frequently used but has not been compared to @entity1 receiving standard fractionated radiation therapy (SRT) and @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of @entity1 >= 65 years of age who received radiation for the treatment of newly diagnosed @entity463 from 1994 to 2013. The distribution of clinical covariates across various radiation regimens was analyzed for possible selection bias. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Comparison of hypofractionated radiation (typically, 40 Gy/15 fractions) versus standard fractionation (typically, 60 Gy/30 fractions) in the setting of @entity2903 was conducted using Cox regression and propensity score analysis. RESULTS: @entity1 received SRT + @entity2904 (n=57), SRT (n=35), HRT + @entity2904 (n=34), or HRT (n=9). @entity1 receiving HRT were significantly older (median: 79 vs 69 years of age; P<.001) and had worse baseline performance status (P<.001) than those receiving SRT. On multivariate analysis, older age (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]: 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.10, P=.01), lower Karnofsky performance status (AHR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03; P=.01), @entity66 (AHR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.23-3.61, P=.007), and radiation alone (vs SRT + @entity2904 ; SRT: AHR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.06-2.79; P=.03; HRT: AHR: 3.92; 95% CI: 1.44-10.60, P=.007) were associated with decreased overall survival. After propensity score adjustment, @entity1 receiving HRT with @entity2904 had similar overall survival compared with those receiving SRT with @entity2904 (AHR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.50-2.4, P=.82). CONCLUSIONS: With no randomized data demonstrating equivalence between HRT and SRT in the setting of @entity2904 for @entity463 , significant selection bias exists in the implementation of HRT. Controlling for this bias, we observed similar overall survival for HRT and SRT with concurrent @entity2904 among elderly @entity1 , suggesting the need for a randomized trial to compare these regimens directly.

title: Hypofractionated versus standard radiation therapy with or without @entity2903 for older XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multifocal disease']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Older @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity463 have poor outcomes, and optimal treatment is controversial. Hypofractionated radiation therapy (HRT) is frequently used but has not been compared to @entity1 receiving standard fractionated radiation therapy (SRT) and @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of @entity1 >= 65 years of age who received radiation for the treatment of newly diagnosed @entity463 from 1994 to 2013. The distribution of clinical covariates across various radiation regimens was analyzed for possible selection bias. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Comparison of hypofractionated radiation (typically, 40 Gy/15 fractions) versus standard fractionation (typically, 60 Gy/30 fractions) in the setting of @entity2903 was conducted using Cox regression and propensity score analysis. RESULTS: @entity1 received SRT + @entity2904 (n=57), SRT (n=35), HRT + @entity2904 (n=34), or HRT (n=9). @entity1 receiving HRT were significantly older (median: 79 vs 69 years of age; P<.001) and had worse baseline performance status (P<.001) than those receiving SRT. On multivariate analysis, older age (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]: 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.10, P=.01), lower Karnofsky performance status (AHR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03; P=.01), @entity66 (AHR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.23-3.61, P=.007), and radiation alone (vs SRT + @entity2904 ; SRT: AHR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.06-2.79; P=.03; HRT: AHR: 3.92; 95% CI: 1.44-10.60, P=.007) were associated with decreased overall survival. After propensity score adjustment, @entity1 receiving HRT with @entity2904 had similar overall survival compared with those receiving SRT with @entity2904 (AHR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.50-2.4, P=.82). CONCLUSIONS: With no randomized data demonstrating equivalence between HRT and SRT in the setting of @entity2904 for @entity463 , significant selection bias exists in the implementation of HRT. Controlling for this bias, we observed similar overall survival for HRT and SRT with concurrent @entity2904 among elderly @entity1 , suggesting the need for a randomized trial to compare these regimens directly.

title: Hypofractionated versus standard radiation therapy with or without XXXX for older @entity463 @entity1 .

answer: @entity2903 :: (MESH:C047246,Chemical) :: ['temozolomide']


abstract: PURPOSE: Older @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity463 have poor outcomes, and optimal treatment is controversial. Hypofractionated radiation therapy (HRT) is frequently used but has not been compared to @entity1 receiving standard fractionated radiation therapy (SRT) and @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of @entity1 >= 65 years of age who received radiation for the treatment of newly diagnosed @entity463 from 1994 to 2013. The distribution of clinical covariates across various radiation regimens was analyzed for possible selection bias. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Comparison of hypofractionated radiation (typically, 40 Gy/15 fractions) versus standard fractionation (typically, 60 Gy/30 fractions) in the setting of @entity2903 was conducted using Cox regression and propensity score analysis. RESULTS: @entity1 received SRT + @entity2904 (n=57), SRT (n=35), HRT + @entity2904 (n=34), or HRT (n=9). @entity1 receiving HRT were significantly older (median: 79 vs 69 years of age; P<.001) and had worse baseline performance status (P<.001) than those receiving SRT. On multivariate analysis, older age (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]: 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.10, P=.01), lower Karnofsky performance status (AHR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03; P=.01), @entity66 (AHR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.23-3.61, P=.007), and radiation alone (vs SRT + @entity2904 ; SRT: AHR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.06-2.79; P=.03; HRT: AHR: 3.92; 95% CI: 1.44-10.60, P=.007) were associated with decreased overall survival. After propensity score adjustment, @entity1 receiving HRT with @entity2904 had similar overall survival compared with those receiving SRT with @entity2904 (AHR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.50-2.4, P=.82). CONCLUSIONS: With no randomized data demonstrating equivalence between HRT and SRT in the setting of @entity2904 for @entity463 , significant selection bias exists in the implementation of HRT. Controlling for this bias, we observed similar overall survival for HRT and SRT with concurrent @entity2904 among elderly @entity1 , suggesting the need for a randomized trial to compare these regimens directly.

title: Hypofractionated versus standard radiation therapy with or without @entity2903 for older @entity463 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Staging and response criteria were initially developed for @entity978 ( @entity978 ) over 60 years ago, but not until 1999 were response criteria published for @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). Revisions to these criteria for both @entity1893 and @entity978 were published in 2007 by an international working group, incorporating PET for response assessment, and were widely adopted. After years of experience with these criteria, a workshop including representatives of most major international @entity706 cooperative groups and @entity5 centers was held at the 11th International Conference on @entity706 (ICML) in June, 2011 to determine what changes were needed. An Imaging Task Force was created to update the relevance of existing imaging for staging, reassess the role of interim PET-CT, standardize PET-CT reporting, and to evaluate the potential prognostic value of quantitative analyses using PET and CT. A clinical task force was charged with assessing the potential of PET-CT to modify initial staging. A subsequent workshop was help at ICML-12, June 2013. Conclusions included: PET-CT should now be used to stage FDG-avid @entity706 ; for others, CT will define stage. Whereas Ann Arbor classification will still be used for disease localization, @entity1 should be treated as limited disease [I (E), II (E)], or extensive disease [III-IV (E)], directed by prognostic and risk factors. Since symptom designation A and B are frequently neither recorded nor accurate, and are not prognostic in most widely used prognostic indices for @entity978 or the various types of @entity1893 , these designations need only be applied to the limited clinical situations where they impact treatment decisions (e.g., stage II @entity978 ). PET-CT can replace the bone marrow biopsy (BMBx) for @entity978 . A positive PET of bone or bone marrow is adequate to designate advanced stage in DLBCL. However, BMBx can be considered in DLBCL with no PET evidence of BM involvement, if identification of discordant histology is relevant for @entity1 management, or if the results would alter treatment. BMBx remains recommended for staging of other histologies, primarily if it will impact therapy. PET-CT will be used to assess response in FDG-avid histologies using the 5-point scale, and included in new PET-based response criteria, but CT should be used in non-avid histologies. The definition of PD can be based on a single node, but must consider the potential for flare reactions seen early in treatment with newer targeted agents which can mimic disease progression. Routine surveillance scans are strongly discouraged, and the number of scans should be minimized in practice and in clinical trials, when not a direct study question. Hopefully, these recommendations will improve the conduct of clinical trials and @entity1 management.

title: Staging and response assessment in XXXX : the new Lugano classification.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'Malignant Lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An anterior transpetrosal approach (ATPA) is suitable for treating @entity75 . However, the limit of the ATPA is reached when the @entity5 extends posterolaterally over the internal auditory canal (IAC) along the petrous edge. In such cases, ligation of the posterior part of the @entity50 ( @entity50 ) is necessary. To  overcome this limitation, we combined the ATPA with a partial posterior petrosectomy in 8 @entity1 who had @entity1653 extending posterolaterally over the IAC. METHODS: We resected only the Trautmann triangle in addition to the Kawase triangle to secure the space to ligate the posterior portion of the @entity50 . Because the tympanic cavity and bony labyrinth of the ear were not exposed, we were able to preserve hearing function and lower the risk of @entity5173 . Furthermore, this approach enables easy ligation of the @entity50 and the tentorium posterior to the @entity5 attachment. This combined technique also allows visualization of the petrosal vein, which is important for surgery of the posterior fossa. RESULTS: Total and near-total @entity5 removal was achieved in 6 @entity1 (75%) with no permanent complications and no @entity5173 . @entity393 was not found in any of the @entity1 who underwent this surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The ATPA combined with partial posterior petrosectomy is an effective method for removal of complicated @entity1653 that extend posterolaterally over the IAC along the petrous edge.

title: Anterior Transpetrosal Approach Combined with Partial Posterior Petrosectomy for XXXX with Posterior Extension.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['upper petroclival lesions']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leakage']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['petroclival meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative hearing impairment']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['SPS', 'superior petrosal sinus']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['Petroclival Meningiomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a clinical need for evidence-based psychotherapy response biomarkers in @entity308 ( @entity308 ). Based on previous studies, we hypothesized that lower 24-h urinary @entity701 levels and a history of early life stress/ @entity130 would predict an improved antidepressant response to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). METHODS: 50 currently depressed @entity308 subjects were enrolled. 24-h urine was collected and measured for @entity701 levels by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Subjects were also administered early life stress/ @entity130 measures at baseline: Global Perceived Early-Life Stress (GPELS), The Early Life @entity130 Inventory (ELTI) and Klein Loss Scale (KLS). The efficacy of a twelve-week course of once-weekly CBT was evaluated by the primary outcome measure, the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS24), at baseline and every four weeks, and the Beck Depression Inventory at baseline and weekly thereafter. 42 subjects had at least one complete follow-up visit (>= 4 weeks of CBT), and 30 subjects completed the full 12-week course. RESULTS: Baseline 24-h urinary @entity701 levels did not correlate with CBT's antidepressant response. Higher KLS scores, a measure of early life parental loss or @entity1172 , correlated with delta HDRS24 (rs=-0.39, padjusted=0.05). Complementary general linear model analysis revealed enhanced CBT efficacy in @entity1 with a history of early life parental loss or @entity1172 [F(1,35)=6.65, p=0.01]. LIMITATIONS: Small sample size, Treatment-na  ve population. CONCLUSIONS: Early life parental @entity1172 or loss positively correlated with CBT's antidepressant efficacy in our sample and may warrant further study in larger clinical samples.

title: A history of early life parental loss or @entity1172 is associated with successful cognitive-behavioral therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1172 :: ('MESH:D001010', 'Disease') :: ['separation']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['major depressive disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a clinical need for evidence-based psychotherapy response biomarkers in @entity308 ( @entity308 ). Based on previous studies, we hypothesized that lower 24-h urinary @entity701 levels and a history of early life stress/ @entity130 would predict an improved antidepressant response to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). METHODS: 50 currently depressed @entity308 subjects were enrolled. 24-h urine was collected and measured for @entity701 levels by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Subjects were also administered early life stress/ @entity130 measures at baseline: Global Perceived Early-Life Stress (GPELS), The Early Life @entity130 Inventory (ELTI) and Klein Loss Scale (KLS). The efficacy of a twelve-week course of once-weekly CBT was evaluated by the primary outcome measure, the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS24), at baseline and every four weeks, and the Beck Depression Inventory at baseline and weekly thereafter. 42 subjects had at least one complete follow-up visit (>= 4 weeks of CBT), and 30 subjects completed the full 12-week course. RESULTS: Baseline 24-h urinary @entity701 levels did not correlate with CBT's antidepressant response. Higher KLS scores, a measure of early life parental loss or @entity1172 , correlated with delta HDRS24 (rs=-0.39, padjusted=0.05). Complementary general linear model analysis revealed enhanced CBT efficacy in @entity1 with a history of early life parental loss or @entity1172 [F(1,35)=6.65, p=0.01]. LIMITATIONS: Small sample size, Treatment-na  ve population. CONCLUSIONS: Early life parental @entity1172 or loss positively correlated with CBT's antidepressant efficacy in our sample and may warrant further study in larger clinical samples.

title: A history of early life parental loss or XXXX is associated with successful cognitive-behavioral therapy in @entity308 .

answer: @entity1172 :: (MESH:D001010,Disease) :: ['separation']