abstract: The duration of therapy and outcome were examined in 76 @entity1 with @entity2760 rheumatica without evidence of temporal @entity3468 at presentation. Seventy-five @entity1 received @entity288 , with a mean @entity229 dosage of 22.8 mg per day initially. Duration of therapy was assessed using life-table methods. No significant difference could be ascertained between groups segregated on the basis of age, sex, or initial @entity134 dosage. The median duration of therapy was 37.3 months. It was estimated that 40 percent of @entity1 will require therapy longer than four years. @entity288 were permanently discontinued in 31 @entity1 after a mean of 23.7 months of therapy. The data support the concept of two @entity1 populations--one with limited disease and another requiring long-term therapy. Relapses were frequent, occurring in 56 percent of @entity1 . Evolution of @entity3468 during the course of therapy was infrequent, occurring in only one @entity1 . @entity134 -related adverse effects occurred in 22.7 percent of @entity1 and were more common in females. The data suggest that, although @entity288 may be discontinued in some @entity1 with @entity2760 rheumatica, prolonged therapy is required in a significant number.

title: XXXX rheumatica. Duration of therapy and long-term outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['arteritis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid', 'steroid']

entities_list: @entity2760 :: ('MESH:D011111', 'Disease') :: ['polymyalgia']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids', 'Corticosteroids']

answer: @entity2760 :: (MESH:D011111,Disease) :: ['Polymyalgia']


abstract: A new surgical technique for thymectomy is presented. Three hundred and seventeen @entity1 with @entity1737 and 20 with @entity704 who had @entity8491 symptoms were operated on. The new surgical approach--a small transverse sternotomy--was used in 257 cases (in 240 @entity1 with @entity1737 and 17 with @entity704 ) and conventional median sternotomy in 80. In @entity8491 @entity1 small transverse sternotomy enabled radical thymectomy to be performed with an uneventful postoperative course and very good cosmetic results. There were no hospital deaths among @entity1 with @entity1737 after thymectomy. The long term results, assessed after 18-24 months, were good: the total remission rate was 39.5%, and there was a great improvement in 48.5% and an improvement in 9%. After thymectomy about 30% of @entity1 received supplementary treatment with @entity229 . A correlation between the duration of symptoms and the result of thymectomy was established: the shorter the duration of @entity1737 the better the results. In the small group of 20 @entity1 with @entity704 two died in hospital. In 12 @entity1 with encapsulated thymic @entity5 the long term results were similar to those in @entity1 with @entity1737 , whereas in @entity1 with infiltrating thymic @entity5 the results were unsatisfactory.

title: Surgical treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity704 :: ('MESH:D013945', 'Disease') :: ['thymomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity1737 :: ('MESH:D009157', 'Disease') :: ['myasthenia gravis']

entities_list: @entity8491 :: ('MESH:D020294', 'Disease') :: ['myasthenic']

answer: @entity1737 :: (MESH:D009157,Disease) :: ['myasthenia gravis']


abstract: In companion studies we have shown that chronic uremic male @entity35 are @entity249 and have lowered basal LH levels. Fertility was restored by either @entity1 @entity3566 ( @entity3566 ) or @entity251 treatment. Testicular steroidogenic responses to @entity3566 in vivo and in vitro were normal or excessive, indicating that @entity1640 was the predominant @entity75 in @entity1381 . Further studies were undertaken to characterize the nature of the central defects in regulation of pituitary LH secretion. Uremic @entity35 have reduced MCRs for @entity35 LH (rLH) (61%), @entity35 FSH (rFSH) (47%), and LHRH (41%). Pituitary gonadotropin and hypothalamic LHRH content were unchanged in uremic @entity35 . Pituitary rLH and rFSH responses to LHRH stimulation in vivo and in vitro were quantitatively normal or excessive, with delayed peaks suggesting that uremic pituitary gonadotrope secretion is deficient due to lack of appropriate hypothalamic LHRH drive rather than intrinsic pituitary defects. Despite reduced pituitary gonadotropin secretion in intact uremic @entity35 , castration induced paradoxical excessive increases in pituitary LHRH binding, serum rLH, and rFSH beyond those of nonuremic controls. Paradoxical postcastration hyperresponses of serum rLH and rFSH were not due to circulating immunoreactive fragments of gonadotropins or undernutrition. Dysfunction of the @entity1381 was further characterized in vivo by lack of rLH responsiveness to @entity1510 and @entity56 to negative testicular feedback in castrate- @entity134 -replaced and intact @entity35 . These data demonstrate that @entity1381 is principally due to aberrant hypothalamic regulation of pituitary LH secretion resembling those of the immature @entity35 or seasonally regressed animal. This recrudescence of the inactive regulatory state in a disease model suggests that common mechanisms are operative in orderly gonadal withdrawal under hostile or inappropriate environments and may underly the reversibility of @entity1 @entity1381 with successful renal transplantation.

title: Hypothalamic-pituitary function in experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertile and hypoandrogenic']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1640 :: ('MESH:D007027', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['early lesion']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['uremic hypogonadism', 'uremic hypothalamus']

answer: @entity1381 :: (MESH:D006463,Disease) :: ['uremic hypogonadism']


abstract: @entity4514 ( @entity865 ) has a profound and rapid influence on the cytoskeleton of Madin-Darby @entity235 Kidney (MDCK) cells. Within 10 min, @entity865 induces a rapid change in morphology, from a flat, cuboidal state to a rounded or elongated morphology in which the cell membranes become convoluted. Concomitant with this morphological change is a rapid dissolution of stress fibres and a redistribution of F-actin from microfilament bundles to a membrane or sub-membranous location. The rearrangement of actin is paralleled by a rearrangement of alpha-actinin and a reduction in the number of @entity72289 -containing adhesion plaques. Unusual F-actin configurations are often found emanating from a perinuclear location, usually containing alpha-actinin and terminating in a @entity72289 -containing adhesion plaque. The cytoskeletal rearrangements occur in the presence of inhibitors of protein synthesis or oxidative phosphorylation, but do not occur if glycolysis is also inhibited. The rearrangements are partly abrogated by the presence of @entity2389 (CB). Despite these dramatic changes in microfilaments the polymerization state of actin remained unaltered after @entity865 treatment. Furthermore, although changes in the movement of membrane lipids have been reported, no obvious differences in the ability of glycoproteins to redistribute in the plane of the membrane were found as judged by @entity2823 -concanavalin A (conA) induced patching. The rapidity of the morphological response of MDCK cells to @entity865 indicates that the cytoskeleton is one of the primary targets of @entity865 , but that @entity5 promoters differ from RNA @entity5 viruses in their effect on the state of actin polymerization.

title: Interaction of XXXX promoters with epithelial cells in culture. An immunofluorescence study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity2389 :: ('MESH:D003571', 'Chemical') :: ['cytochalasin B']

entities_list: @entity4514 :: ('MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: The @entity2608 , an established model of @entity26210 , was used to study hematologic and hemostatic aspects of @entity26210 and whether Mopeia (also known as Mozambique) virus induces any cellular damage in this model. Six days after subcutaneous injection of 10(3.48) plaque forming units (PFU) of @entity26211 (Josiah strain) one group of monkeys received an intravenous injection of 111In-labeled allogeneic platelets and another group received 125I-labeled alogeneic @entity2002 . @entity26211 -infected monkeys developed a severe @entity922 and typical pathology. Lassa antigen was found in most tissues using a Lassa nucleocapsid-specific monoclonal antibody. Platelet counts remained within normal limits. Platelet and @entity2002 kinetics were similar in infected and control animals. Hematologic and hemostatic changes indicate that disseminated @entity5642 plays no role in this model of @entity26210 . Levels of plasma fibronectin were reduced in Lassa-infected monkeys. Mopeia virus-infected monkeys were normothemic, aviremic, and there was no detection of Mopeia antigen in any tissues using polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. Mopeia virus was recovered from the spleen of one monkey. Mopeia virus was associated with hepatocellular and @entity8 .

title: Kinetic study of platelets and @entity2002 in XXXX -infected monkeys and early pathologic events in Mopeia virus-infected monkeys.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal tubular damage']

entities_list: @entity26210 :: ('MESH:D007835', 'Disease') :: ['Lassa fever']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkey']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['clinical illness with high viremia']

answer: @entity26211 :: (11620,Species) :: ['Lassa virus']


abstract: The @entity2608 , an established model of @entity26210 , was used to study hematologic and hemostatic aspects of @entity26210 and whether Mopeia (also known as Mozambique) virus induces any cellular damage in this model. Six days after subcutaneous injection of 10(3.48) plaque forming units (PFU) of @entity26211 (Josiah strain) one group of monkeys received an intravenous injection of 111In-labeled allogeneic platelets and another group received 125I-labeled alogeneic @entity2002 . @entity26211 -infected monkeys developed a severe @entity922 and typical pathology. Lassa antigen was found in most tissues using a Lassa nucleocapsid-specific monoclonal antibody. Platelet counts remained within normal limits. Platelet and @entity2002 kinetics were similar in infected and control animals. Hematologic and hemostatic changes indicate that disseminated @entity5642 plays no role in this model of @entity26210 . Levels of plasma fibronectin were reduced in Lassa-infected monkeys. Mopeia virus-infected monkeys were normothemic, aviremic, and there was no detection of Mopeia antigen in any tissues using polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. Mopeia virus was recovered from the spleen of one monkey. Mopeia virus was associated with hepatocellular and @entity8 .

title: Kinetic study of platelets and XXXX in @entity26211 -infected monkeys and early pathologic events in Mopeia virus-infected monkeys.

answer: @entity2002 :: (2244,Gene) :: ['fibrinogen']


abstract: The present study examined the phenomenon of acclimatization in @entity1 with a severe-to-profound @entity393 . A secondary purpose was to examine the efficacy of a digital nonlinear power hearing aid that has a low compression threshold with expansion for this population. Twenty experienced hearing aid users wore the study hearing aids for three months and their performance with the study hearing aids was evaluated at the initial fitting, one month, and three months after the initial fitting. Performance of their current hearing aids was also evaluated at the initial fitting. Speech recognition testing was conducted at input levels of 50 dB @entity16811 and 65 dB @entity16811 in quiet, and 75 dB @entity16811 in noise at a +10 SNR. Questionnaires were used to measure subjective performance at each evaluation interval. The results showed improvement in speech recognition score at the one-month evaluation over the initial evaluation. No significant improvement was seen at the three-month evaluation from the one-month visit. In addition, subjective and objective performance of the study hearing aids was significantly better than the @entity1 ' own hearing aids at all evaluation intervals. These results provided evidence of acclimatization in @entity1 with a severe-to-profound @entity393 and reinforced the precaution that any trial of amplification, especially from linear to nonlinear mode, should consider this phenomenon.

title: Evidence of acclimatization in @entity1 with severe-to-profound XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['hearing loss']


abstract: The present study examined the phenomenon of acclimatization in @entity1 with a severe-to-profound @entity393 . A secondary purpose was to examine the efficacy of a digital nonlinear power hearing aid that has a low compression threshold with expansion for this population. Twenty experienced hearing aid users wore the study hearing aids for three months and their performance with the study hearing aids was evaluated at the initial fitting, one month, and three months after the initial fitting. Performance of their current hearing aids was also evaluated at the initial fitting. Speech recognition testing was conducted at input levels of 50 dB @entity16811 and 65 dB @entity16811 in quiet, and 75 dB @entity16811 in noise at a +10 SNR. Questionnaires were used to measure subjective performance at each evaluation interval. The results showed improvement in speech recognition score at the one-month evaluation over the initial evaluation. No significant improvement was seen at the three-month evaluation from the one-month visit. In addition, subjective and objective performance of the study hearing aids was significantly better than the @entity1 ' own hearing aids at all evaluation intervals. These results provided evidence of acclimatization in @entity1 with a severe-to-profound @entity393 and reinforced the precaution that any trial of amplification, especially from linear to nonlinear mode, should consider this phenomenon.

title: Evidence of acclimatization in XXXX with severe-to-profound @entity393 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: The effects of @entity1508 on renal hemodynamics under both normovolemic and @entity3485 conditions were investigated in chronically instrumented conscious @entity235 whose homeostatic mechanisms were not altered by the presence of preexisting drugs. Renal blood flow and aortic pressure were assessed by prior implantation of Doppler ultrasonic flow probes on the renal artery and a catheter in the descending aorta. Administration of @entity1508 to conscious normovolemic @entity235 (Group HN) resulted in 11-26% decreases in renal vascular resistance with no significant changes occurring in renal blood flow. In a second group of animals made @entity3485 while awake (Group AH), 30% of the blood volume was removed over one-half hour. In response to @entity548 , these conscious animals' renal blood flow did not significantly change from the normovolemic control, and renal vascular resistance significantly decreased. With no further intervention, renal vascular resistance and renal blood flow remained unchanged from the level achieved after the 30% @entity548 . A third group of animals (Group HH) was hemorrhaged in a manner similar to that of Group AH. They also showed no significant changes in renal blood flow and a significant decrease in renal vascular resistance in response to @entity548 . Thereafter, administration of @entity1508 , as in Group HN, to this group produced 11-23% decreases in renal vascular resistance with no significant decline in renal blood flow from the @entity3485 control levels established after @entity548 . The author concludes the following: administration of @entity1508 to normovolemic conscious @entity235 does not decrease renal blood flow; a moderate degree of @entity548 does not decrease renal blood flow in conscious @entity235 ; and administration of @entity1508 to acutely @entity3485 conscious @entity235 does not impair renal perfusion.

title: Effect of @entity1508 on renal hemodynamics during normovolemia and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3485 :: ('MESH:D020896', 'Disease') :: ['hypovolemic']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['acute hemorrhagic hypovolemia', 'hemorrhage']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['acute hemorrhagic hypovolemia']


abstract: The effects of @entity1508 on renal hemodynamics under both normovolemic and @entity3485 conditions were investigated in chronically instrumented conscious @entity235 whose homeostatic mechanisms were not altered by the presence of preexisting drugs. Renal blood flow and aortic pressure were assessed by prior implantation of Doppler ultrasonic flow probes on the renal artery and a catheter in the descending aorta. Administration of @entity1508 to conscious normovolemic @entity235 (Group HN) resulted in 11-26% decreases in renal vascular resistance with no significant changes occurring in renal blood flow. In a second group of animals made @entity3485 while awake (Group AH), 30% of the blood volume was removed over one-half hour. In response to @entity548 , these conscious animals' renal blood flow did not significantly change from the normovolemic control, and renal vascular resistance significantly decreased. With no further intervention, renal vascular resistance and renal blood flow remained unchanged from the level achieved after the 30% @entity548 . A third group of animals (Group HH) was hemorrhaged in a manner similar to that of Group AH. They also showed no significant changes in renal blood flow and a significant decrease in renal vascular resistance in response to @entity548 . Thereafter, administration of @entity1508 , as in Group HN, to this group produced 11-23% decreases in renal vascular resistance with no significant decline in renal blood flow from the @entity3485 control levels established after @entity548 . The author concludes the following: administration of @entity1508 to normovolemic conscious @entity235 does not decrease renal blood flow; a moderate degree of @entity548 does not decrease renal blood flow in conscious @entity235 ; and administration of @entity1508 to acutely @entity3485 conscious @entity235 does not impair renal perfusion.

title: Effect of XXXX on renal hemodynamics during normovolemia and @entity548 .

answer: @entity1508 :: (MESH:D006221,Chemical) :: ['halothane']


abstract: Shunting of portal blood in the @entity35 leads to @entity409 and to an increase in arterial blood flow with microcirculatory disturbances. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these disturbances on the liver sinusoidal barrier (endothelial and @entity1358 ) using morphometric techniques. @entity35 with @entity254 ( @entity254 ) and sham operated pair-fed controls were studied 3 months after the shunt. Sinusoidal volume density in @entity254 increased but not significantly and the volume density (Vv) of total endothelial (EC) and @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) increased by 104.54% compared to sham operated pair-fed @entity35 . The increase of EC Vv was not associated with an increase in surface density (Sv) suggesting a fall in the number of small fenestrations and an increase in cell thickness. This interpretation supports the morphological observations. The increase of @entity1358 Vv was mainly related to the increase in their subendothelial processes Vv and not to that of the cell body Vv. Lipids Vv and RER Sv expressed per sinusoidal cells remained unchanged suggesting that the balance between the 2 hypothetical functions of the @entity1358 , namely fibrogenesis and storage of @entity904 , was maintained. In conclusion, changes of EC and @entity1358 after @entity254 result mainly in thickening of the sinusoidal barrier. This increase may impair exchanges between the sinusoidal lumen and Disse space and contribute to functional abnormalities.

title: The sinusoidal barrier in @entity35 with XXXX : a morphometric study.

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['PCA', 'portacaval anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver atrophy']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['perisinusoidal cells', 'PSC']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['portacaval anastomosis']


abstract: Shunting of portal blood in the @entity35 leads to @entity409 and to an increase in arterial blood flow with microcirculatory disturbances. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these disturbances on the liver sinusoidal barrier (endothelial and @entity1358 ) using morphometric techniques. @entity35 with @entity254 ( @entity254 ) and sham operated pair-fed controls were studied 3 months after the shunt. Sinusoidal volume density in @entity254 increased but not significantly and the volume density (Vv) of total endothelial (EC) and @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) increased by 104.54% compared to sham operated pair-fed @entity35 . The increase of EC Vv was not associated with an increase in surface density (Sv) suggesting a fall in the number of small fenestrations and an increase in cell thickness. This interpretation supports the morphological observations. The increase of @entity1358 Vv was mainly related to the increase in their subendothelial processes Vv and not to that of the cell body Vv. Lipids Vv and RER Sv expressed per sinusoidal cells remained unchanged suggesting that the balance between the 2 hypothetical functions of the @entity1358 , namely fibrogenesis and storage of @entity904 , was maintained. In conclusion, changes of EC and @entity1358 after @entity254 result mainly in thickening of the sinusoidal barrier. This increase may impair exchanges between the sinusoidal lumen and Disse space and contribute to functional abnormalities.

title: The sinusoidal barrier in XXXX with @entity254 : a morphometric study.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Surgical management of squamous cell @entity189 continues to be a controversial area in thoracic surgery. In a series of 20 @entity1 , 15 received preoperative chemotherapy with cis- @entity902 ( @entity900 ), 2 received @entity900 plus @entity1487 , and 3 received @entity900 plus @entity5713 . Eighteen @entity1 underwent en bloc esophagogastrectomy and postoperative radiation therapy. All @entity1 were staged preoperatively by thoracoabdominal computed axial tomographic scan, bone scan, bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy, and barium swallow. @entity1 with liver or bone @entity3 were excluded. The majority of @entity1 received preoperative @entity1681 . Eighteen of the 20 @entity1 completed the study with a follow-up of 12 to 24 months. There was 1 operative death, and 3 @entity1 were in the hospital for more than three weeks after operation before they were discharged. Fourteen of the 18 @entity1 survived for a year, and 11 survived for 12 to 24 months. @entity3137 and @entity5 burden based on preoperative barium swallow and endoscopy was evident in 11 of 18 @entity1 , but in no @entity1 was the @entity5 completely eradicated by preoperative chemotherapy. Although follow-up is short, this treatment regimen involving a combined treatment offers hope in the palliation of this disease.

title: Combined treatment approach in surgical management of XXXX : a preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the esophagus']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine sulfate']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['Substantial reduction in mucosal disease']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

entities_list: @entity1681 :: ('MESH:D004751', 'Disease') :: ['enteral hyperalimentation']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the esophagus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The presence of @entity2008 is one of the most important criteria for @entity1778 diagnosis and management. @entity1 @entity1778 is a rare disease that affects @entity1 in their first year of life. It has been estimated that approximately one third of @entity1 with @entity3052 harbour the t(7;12)(q36;p13) rearrangement in their leukaemic blasts. However, the WHO classification of @entity3052 does not yet include the t(7;12) as a separate entity among the different genetic subtypes, although the presence of this @entity2008 has been associated with an extremely poor clinical outcome. Currently, there is no consensus treatment for t(7;12) @entity1778 @entity1 . However, with the inferior outcome with the standard induction therapy, stem cell transplantation may offer a better chance for disease control. A better insight into the chromosome biology of this entity might shed some light into the pathogenic mechanisms arising from this chromosomal translocation, that at present are not fully understood. Further work is needed to improve our understanding of the molecular and genetic basis of this disorder. This will hopefully open some grounds for possible tailored treatment for this subset of very young @entity1 with inferior disease outcome. This review aims at highlighting the cytogenetic features that characterise the @entity1778 for a better detection of the abnormality in the diagnostic setting. We also review treatment and clinical outcome in the cases reported to date.

title: Paediatric XXXX with the t(7;12)(q36;p13) rearrangement: a review of the biological and clinical management aspects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Infant', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormality', 'chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia', 't(7;12) leukaemias']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukaemia']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myeloid leukaemia']


abstract: We studied sputum @entity2890 concentrations after intravenous administration in 10 @entity1577 @entity1 . @entity2890 concentrations were determined by a bioassay and a radioenzymatic assay (REA). The bacterial density of @entity796 in sputum was examined serially during therapy. Bioactivity of @entity2890 in the sputum was low and increased little during treatment. In contrast, @entity2890 content (as assayed by REA) showed a progressive accumulation of the drug to high concentrations: a mean of 82 micrograms/g sputum after 3 wk of therapy in 4 @entity1 . @entity796 was eradicated from the sputum in 3 of 4 patients receiving antibiotic therapy for 3 wk. Eradication correlated with @entity2890 sputum concentrations measured by REA, which were 20-fold greater than the apparent @entity2890 inhibitory concentration. A bactericidal effect of @entity581 in the presence of sputum in vitro could only be reliably produced with concentrations 25-fold the MIC. We conclude that @entity2890 penetrates @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) sputum and accumulates over time. Although @entity1577 sputum antagonized the bioactivity of @entity581 , 3 wk of intravenous therapy combined with an antipseudomonal @entity3405 antibiotic may be effective in eradication of @entity796 from sputum of certain @entity1577 @entity1 .

title: Aminoglycoside penetration, inactivation, and efficacy in XXXX sputum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['Tobramycin', 'tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['cystic fibrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. @entity2204 plays a key role in the handling of lipoprotein particles with @entity2204 and @entity2204 frequently having opposite effects compared to @entity2204 . Some individuals simultaneously carry both E2 and E4 alleles. The impact of the @entity2204 /4 genotype on lipid concentrations and its consequences on health remain poorly documented. Objective. This study compared the lipid profile between @entity2204 /4 carriers and other @entity2204 genotypes in relation to the waist circumference. Methods. @entity165 , @entity412 (TG), and @entity755 concentrations were measured among 2,680 Caucasians. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the contribution of @entity2204 /4 to various dyslipidemic profiles associated with @entity1144 . Results. In presence of @entity1144 , the lipid profile was as deteriorated in @entity2204 /4 carriers as in carriers of other @entity2204 genotypes. There was a more pronounced effect on TG-rich lipoproteins, particularly in @entity2204 (a feature of @entity42000 ), and non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 in @entity2204 /4. Compared to @entity2204 , @entity2204 /4 carriers presented lower very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) @entity165 concentrations and VLDL- @entity165 /TG ratios, with or without @entity28 , and higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 concentrations. Conclusion. In presence of @entity1144 , the influence of the @entity2204 allele could be less pronounced than that of @entity2204 among @entity2204 /4 individuals.

title: Influence of XXXX on the Lipid-Lipoprotein Profile in Apoprotein E2/4 Carriers: The Effect of an Apparent Duality.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['ApoE3', 'Apolipoprotein (Apo) E', 'ApoE4', 'ApoE2', 'ApoE2/2', 'ApoE']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity42000 :: ('MESH:D006952', 'Disease') :: ['type III dysbetalipoproteinemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol', 'Cholesterol']

answer: @entity1144 :: (MESH:D056128,Disease) :: ['Abdominal Obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae are on the increase worldwide and their spread has become a global challenge. Escalating the challenge is the possibility that many of these are Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). This further complicates @entity1 management. The magnitude of MDR-CPE in many developed settings has been reported, however, there is paucity of data from resource limited settings. We evaluated the epidemiology of MDR-CPE of clinical origin in South Western Uganda. METHODS: From September 2013 to June 2014, all Enterobacteriaceae isolated from diverse specimens obtained from @entity1 attending Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, South-western Uganda, were screened for MDR in a laboratory-based cross sectional study. Isolates found to be MDR were screened for @entity2893 susceptibility/resistance phenotypically by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method following CLSI guidelines and genetically using the multiplex real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: Of the 658 strains isolated, 183 (27.8%) were MDR and 68 (37.15%) of those MDR exhibited at least one form of @entity2893 resistance with 23 (12.57%) and 56 (30.60%) isolates expressing phenotypic and genetic resistance, respectively. Eleven MDR-CPE (6.01%) isolates exhibited both phenotypic and genotypic resistance to @entity2888 . Only bla @entity2277 and bla OXA-48 genes were detected among the genetically resistant isolates. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of MDR-CPE calls for @entity146 control and prevention strategies, including reinforcement of hand hygiene, using contact precautions and early detection of CPE through use of targeted surveillance and molecular techniques in resource limited settings.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX Resistance among Multi-drug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Uganda.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive infection']

entities_list: @entity2893 :: ('CHEBI:46765', 'Chemical') :: ['carbapenem']

entities_list: @entity2888 :: ('MESH:D015780', 'Chemical') :: ['carbapenems']

answer: @entity2893 :: (CHEBI:46765,Chemical) :: ['Carbapenem']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in the core temperature and body surface temperature in @entity1 with incomplete @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). In incomplete @entity1566 , the temperature change is difficult to see compared with complete @entity1566 . The goal of this study was to better understand thermal regulation in @entity1 with incomplete @entity1566 . METHODS: Fifty-six @entity1566 @entity1 were enrolled, and the control group consisted of 20 healthy @entity1 . The @entity1566 were classified according to International Standards for Neurological Classification of @entity1566 . The @entity1 were classified into two groups: upper ( @entity16 or above) and lower ( @entity16 level T7 or below) SCIs. Body core temperature was measured using an oral thermometer, and body surface temperature was measured using digital infrared thermographic imaging. RESULTS: Twenty-nine @entity1 had upper @entity1566 , 27 @entity1 had lower SCIs, and 20 @entity1 served as the normal healthy @entity1 . Comparing the skin temperatures of the three groups, the temperatures at the lower abdomen, anterior thigh and anterior tibia in the @entity1 with upper SCIs were lower than those of the normal healthy @entity1 and the @entity1 with lower SCIs. No significant temperature differences were observed between the normal healthy @entity1 and the @entity1 with lower SCIs. CONCLUSION: In our study, we found thermal dysregulation in @entity1 with incomplete @entity1566 . In particular, body surface temperature regulation was worse in upper SCIs than in lower injuries. Moreover, cord injury severity affected body surface temperature regulation in @entity1566 @entity1 .

title: Changes in Body Temperature in Incomplete XXXX by Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological injury level T6', 'neurological injury']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injuries', 'Spinal Cord Injury', 'SCI']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) contains numerous growth factors; @entity1423 ( @entity1423 ) is plasma proteins without platelets, containing growth factors other than platelet derived. We planned to evaluate the effect of both autologous PRP _ @entity1423 on @entity1 ACL cell growth characteristics in culture conditions to see if one was better than the other. METHODS: ACL remnants were collected from eleven @entity1 during ACL reconstruction surgery; @entity1423 and PRP were prepared from blood of these @entity1 . Cells were isolated, identified and cultured and were then divided into six groups. Groups A-D had @entity2241 ( @entity2241 ) added to them along with different concentrations of PRP and @entity1423 . Groups E and F had 5% and 10% PRP respectively but lacked @entity2241 . Cell viability was assayed by @entity98 and @entity4404 assay, and DNA content was evaluated by @entity2667 staining and flow cytometry. RESULTS: analysis of cultured cells showed that addition of PRP (5 or 10%) increased the viability of ACL cells in 4 out of 11 and promoted cell proliferation in 8 of 11 donor samples; 10% PRP was more effective than 5% PRP. However, the difference in effectiveness of 10% PRP was not significantly better than 5% PRP. 5% @entity1423 had no significant effect on cell viability, but it led to an increase in DNA content in 5 of 11. There was no statistically significant effect of either PRP or @entity1423 in preventing cell death (depicted by apoptosis rate). CONCLUSION: PRP may have an enhancing effect on ACL cell viability and promotion of cell proliferation but the ideal concentration of PRP for these positive effects needs to be determined before it could be used in clinical settings for enhancing primary repair of torn ACL. Also larger, more controlled and better studies are needed to confirm its clinical utility.

title: Can Platelet rich plasma stimulate XXXX ACL growth in culture? A preliminary experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['Platelet poor plasma', 'PPP']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['FBS', 'Fetal Bovine Serum']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: management of intrasubstance @entity75 is still controversial. Intrasubstance @entity75 can lead to reduced sports activity and @entity397 . Physical therapy is often not satisfactory. Therefore new treatment methods are requested. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) has the ability to regenerate tissue; this was proved in several experimental studies. Whether percutaneous injections of PRP are effective in intrasubstance @entity75 is unknown. We hypothesize that percutaneous PRP injections lead to @entity158 relief and halt of progression on MRI over 6 months in @entity1 with grade 2 @entity75 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: ten recreational athletes with intrasubstance @entity75 (grade II according to Reicher) proven by MR-Imaging (MRI) were treated by percutaneous injections of PRP in the affected meniscal area. Three sequential injections in seven day intervals were performed in every @entity1 . All injections were performed with image converter. Follow-up MRI was done six months after last injection in every @entity1 . Level of sports activity and amount of @entity158 at athletic loads according to numeric rating scale (NRS-11) were noted in each @entity1 before injections and at the time of follow up MRI after six months. The t-test was used to determine statistical differences. RESULTS: four of ten @entity1 (40%) showed @entity8 in follow up MRI after six months. Nine of ten @entity1 (90%) complained about short episodes of @entity158 after the injections with average NRS-Score of 7.9 at daily loads after the last injection. Six of ten @entity1 (60%) showed Improvement of NRS-Score at final follow up. Average NRS-Score improved significantly (p=0.027) from 6.9 before injections to 4.5 six month after treatment. Six of ten @entity1 (60%) reported increase of sports activity compared to the situation before injections. In four @entity1 (40%) additional surgical treatment was necessary because of persistent knee @entity158 or progression of @entity75 . CONCLUSIONS: percutaneous injections of PRP have the ability to achieve @entity158 relief and halt of progression on MRI over 6 months in @entity1 with grade 2 @entity75 . Therefore it could be considered as a treatment option in @entity1 with persisting @entity158 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: Percutaneous injections of Platelet rich plasma for treatment of intrasubstance XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['decrease of meniscal lesion']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal lesions', 'meniscal lesion']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal rupture']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'heavy pain']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['meniscal lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest aggressive management combining a grossly total resection (GTR) with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) as a treatment of choice for @entity932 ( @entity2698 ). However, in these papers, the definitions of complete or GTR are equivocal. In the present study, we reviewed the relevant cases from our experience focused on the clinical efficacy of surgical grading of resection, and analyzed the optimal treatment strategies as well. METHODS: From January 1995 through December 2014, 17 @entity1 treated for intracranial @entity2698 were included in this study. We analyzed clinical presentation, radiologic appearance, pathologic diagnosis, extent of resection, and follow-up outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 26 operations were performed including 9 recurrent intracranial HPCs. Every @entity5 was single and had no evidence of @entity3 . Most common area of @entity5 was parasagittal (8 @entity1 , 47.1%), which is adjoined to superior sagittal sinus. For the initial operation, GTR was performed in 16 cases (61.5%), partial resection (PR) in 8 cases (30.8%), and an endoscopic biopsy in 2 @entity1 (7.7%). In Simpson grading system, grade 1 was done in 2 @entity1 (7.7%), grade 2 in 11 @entity1 (42.3%) and grade 3 in 3 @entity1 (11.5%). @entity86 was delivered in 16 @entity1 (94.1%) regardless of the extent of resection. The median 57.57 Gy (range, 50-60 Gy) was delivered in median 33 fractions (range, 30-40). The extent of resection (conventional classification and Simpson grading system) and adjuvant RT were significantly associated with recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSION: Surgical resection of intracranial @entity2698 , in an attempt to reach Simpson grade 1 removal, is necessary for better outcome. @entity1753 should be done as recommended before, to prevent recurrence, regardless of surgical resection and pathological diagnosis.

title: Treatment Strategy of Intracranial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemangiopericytoma']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['Adjuvant RT']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative RT']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity2698 :: (MESH:D006393,Disease) :: ['Hemangiopericytoma']


abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the significance of @entity219 (added to food of the @entity95 ) for contractility of smooth muscles (effected by @entity934 ) and ultrastructure of their microfilaments in case of hypodynamic stress. Hypodynamic stress of 48-day duration was provoked for Chinchilla @entity95 (n=20) by placing them in metal hutches. Every day (48 days) 10 @entity95 , which had intervention received doses of @entity219 0.3 mg/kg body wt (in form of @entity35455 ). The @entity95 (n=10) of the control group, which had no intervention were kept in vivarium conditions. The relaxation of smooth muscles from thoracic aorta as mediated by @entity934 at a concentration from 10(-8) mol/l to 10(-4) mol/l was detected by means of a 6MXIC mechanotron in isometric regime. Response was expressed as the percentage of relaxation to @entity3774 (10(-5) mol/l)-induced precontraction. The ultrastructure of the microfilaments of smooth muscles was evaluated by electron microscopy "Philips-300". In @entity95 that received no @entity219 the relaxation of smooth muscles under the influence of @entity934 was significantly lower than in @entity95 that received @entity219 and lower in control @entity95 . Also in @entity95 without @entity219 supplement the investigation of ultrastructure of microfilaments revealed their damage (such change as irregular formation, drop out in flakes, microfilaments becoming shorter and thicker). In @entity95 receiving @entity219 ultrastructure of microfilaments did not change.

title: [The significance of XXXX for contractility of smooth muscles and ultrastructure of their microfilaments in case of hypodynamic stress].

entities_list: @entity35455 :: ('MESH:D019345', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc acetate']

entities_list: @entity3774 :: ('MESH:D015237', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin F(2alpha)']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity219 :: (MESH:D015032,Chemical) :: ['zinc']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the predictability of refraction following immediate sequential bilateral @entity231 surgery (ISBCS) performed under general anaesthesia. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of all ISBCS performed at Kantonsspital Winterthur, Switzerland, between April 2000 and September 2013. The case notes of 250 @entity1 were reviewed. @entity1 having full refraction reported (110 @entity1 /220 eyes) were included. 210 (95  %) eyes had a straight forward phacoemulsification with posterior chamber @entity2790 implantation, seven eyes had a planned extracapsular @entity231 extraction (ECCE); three eyes had an intracapsular @entity231 extraction. RESULTS: Both eyes of 110 @entity1 (64 @entity1 , 46 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 79.0  years, standard deviation (SD)   11.4 (range 26 to 97  years) were included. Median preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.5 LogMAR in the first eye, the interquartile range (IQR) was [0.4, 1.2]; 0.7 LogMAR in the second eye with IQR [0.4, 1.8]. At one month, the median BCVA was 0.2 LogMAR, IQR [0.1, 0.3] in the first eye, median BCVA was 0.1 LogMAR and IQR [0.0, 0.5] in the second eye. There were 3 eyes (3  %) that lost 3 lines or more in BCVA at one month (control vs. pre-operatively). In all three cases, poor visual acuity had been recorded pre-operatively (>1 LogMAR). Achieved refraction was within   1.0 D of the target in 83  % of eyes. There were only 5  % (n   =   6) of cases where if delayed sequential bilateral extraction had been performed could potentially @entity2790 ( @entity2790 ) choice have been adjusted, in four of these cases, target refraction was within   1.0 D in the second eye. CONCLUSIONS: ISBCS performed under general anaesthesia achieves target refraction in 83  % of eyes after consideration of complications, ocular co-morbidities and systemic restrictions. In the majority of cases where @entity2790 power calculation could be considered, the achieved refraction of the second surgical eye was within   1.0 D of intended refraction. This undermines the utility of @entity2790 power adjustments in the second surgical eye.

title: Predictability of refraction following immediate sequential bilateral XXXX surgery (ISBCS) performed under general anaesthesia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['IOL', 'intraocular lens']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine first-admitted @entity1 with @entity716 regarding social background, course and outcome. The study was handicapped by the lack of data of social variables as regards population in the catchment area, so comparisons were made with the population in the County and in the Nation. The index population comprised 88 @entity1 . Social variables such as civil state and cohabitation are presented. At admission one-third had been employed continuously during the past year, while one-fourth had had no useful work at all. Significantly more @entity1 were recruited from the lowest social group. Significantly more @entity1 had inadequate social support, and two-thirds met friends less than once a week on an average. Only one-fourth of the @entity1 seemed socially well adjusted and economically self-supporting. At follow-up 2 years later the distribution of the @entity1 as regards useful work, social support, social contacts and social adjustment has significantly changed with more @entity1 now with less useful work and social support, fewer social contacts and @entity6100 . The difficulty of interpretation of the findings is stressed but it is concluded that the present @entity146 treatment including social intervention is insufficient to prevent this social downlift mobility during a 2-year observation period as regards @entity1 with @entity716 . Further study will search for social predictors of course and outcome.

title: Social course and outcome of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6100 :: ('OMIM:300082', 'Disease') :: ['increased social maladjustment']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['delusional psychosis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['delusional psychosis']


abstract: One hundred and six @entity1 with @entity1358 were treated with radical nephrectomy at our Department between 1970 to December, 1985. A retrospective analysis was performed with TNM staging system of The General Rule for Clinical and Pathological Studies on @entity1358 , which was established by the Japanese Urological Association in 1983. The 5-year survival rate according to pathological @entity5 was 100% for 2 @entity1 in @entity2558 , 67.5% for 58 @entity1 in pT2, 49.5% for 42 @entity1 in @entity1803 , 0% for 4 @entity1 in pT4. Two @entity1 in stage of @entity2558 had no venous involvement, lymph node @entity3 , or distant @entity3 . Twenty two @entity1 had positive venous involvement (21%), 4 (7%) in stage of pT2, 16 (38%) in @entity1803 , 2 (50%) in pT4. Twelve @entity1 had positive lymph nodes (11%), 0 (0%) in stage of pT2, 10 (24%) in @entity1803 , 2 (50%) in pT4. Twenty five @entity1 , (24%) had distant @entity3 at the time of nephrectomy, 8 (14%) in stage of pT2, 15 (38%) in @entity1803 , 2 (50%) in pT4. The 5-year survival of 22 @entity1 with venous involvement, 12 @entity1 with lymph nodes @entity3 , 25 @entity1 with distant @entity3 were 47%, 30%, 39% respectively. No significant difference of 5-year survival between 69% of 48 @entity1 in T1 _ 2VoNoMo (Robson-I) and 76% of 12 @entity1 in T3VoNoMo (Robson-II) were considered to need the establishment of new classification for early stage of @entity1358 . TNM staging system was thought to be better than Robson's Classification for analyzing the unique biological potential of @entity1358 .

title: [Results of radical nephrectomy for XXXX . Report 1. Analysis according to the TNM staging system of the general rule for clinical and pathological studies on @entity1358 ].

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['Renal Cell Carcinoma', 'renal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: One hundred and six @entity1 with @entity1358 were treated with radical nephrectomy at our Department between 1970 to December, 1985. A retrospective analysis was performed with TNM staging system of The General Rule for Clinical and Pathological Studies on @entity1358 , which was established by the Japanese Urological Association in 1983. The 5-year survival rate according to pathological @entity5 was 100% for 2 @entity1 in @entity2558 , 67.5% for 58 @entity1 in pT2, 49.5% for 42 @entity1 in @entity1803 , 0% for 4 @entity1 in pT4. Two @entity1 in stage of @entity2558 had no venous involvement, lymph node @entity3 , or distant @entity3 . Twenty two @entity1 had positive venous involvement (21%), 4 (7%) in stage of pT2, 16 (38%) in @entity1803 , 2 (50%) in pT4. Twelve @entity1 had positive lymph nodes (11%), 0 (0%) in stage of pT2, 10 (24%) in @entity1803 , 2 (50%) in pT4. Twenty five @entity1 , (24%) had distant @entity3 at the time of nephrectomy, 8 (14%) in stage of pT2, 15 (38%) in @entity1803 , 2 (50%) in pT4. The 5-year survival of 22 @entity1 with venous involvement, 12 @entity1 with lymph nodes @entity3 , 25 @entity1 with distant @entity3 were 47%, 30%, 39% respectively. No significant difference of 5-year survival between 69% of 48 @entity1 in T1 _ 2VoNoMo (Robson-I) and 76% of 12 @entity1 in T3VoNoMo (Robson-II) were considered to need the establishment of new classification for early stage of @entity1358 . TNM staging system was thought to be better than Robson's Classification for analyzing the unique biological potential of @entity1358 .

title: [Results of radical nephrectomy for @entity1358 . Report 1. Analysis according to the TNM staging system of the general rule for clinical and pathological studies on XXXX ].

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Two cases of @entity27418 are reported. Case I was a 71-year-old-male presenting with a mass in the left abdomen. On X-ray examination, a large extrarenal @entity5 was found in the left retroperitoneal space. The @entity5 appeared to invade the psoas muscle and the aorta. Exploratory laparotomy was carried out. The histological diagnosis of the @entity5 was @entity243 . He died of the disease. Case 2 was a 44-year-old-male who presented with a mass in the left abdomen. On X-ray examination, a large @entity5 was found in the left retroperitoneal space, and left kidney and the descending colon were markedly displaced by the @entity5 . Excisional surgery was carried out. The @entity5 was almost completely removed. The histological diagnosis was @entity243 . A combination chemotherapy ( @entity4316 , @entity1891 , @entity786 ) was started. but soon switched to radiation therapy because of @entity409 . Four months following the operation, there is no evidence of @entity66 . One hundred sixty three cases of @entity27418 reported in Japan are reviewed.

title: [ XXXX : a report of 2 cases and review of 163 cases in Japan].

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity4316 :: ('MESH:D003609', 'Chemical') :: ['actinomycin D']

entities_list: @entity243 :: ('MESH:D018208', 'Disease') :: ['myxoid-type liposarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity27418 :: ('MESH:C538370', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal liposarcoma']

answer: @entity27418 :: (MESH:C538370,Disease) :: ['Retroperitoneal liposarcoma']


abstract: A bioassay for possible carcinogenicity of technical-grade @entity63520 was conducted using Osborne-Mendel @entity35 and B6C3F1 @entity19 . @entity63520 in @entity4336 oil was administered by gavage, at either of two dosages, to groups of 50 male and 50 female animals of each species. The chemical was administered 5 days a week, cyclically for 44 of 78 weeks in @entity35 and continuously for 78 weeks in @entity19 , followed by an observation period of 33 or 34 weeks for @entity35 and 12 or 13 weeks for @entity19 . The high and low time-weighted average dosages of @entity63520 were, respectively, 423 and 212 mg/kg/day for male and female @entity35 and 1179 and 590 mg/kg/day for male and female @entity19 . For each species, 20 animals of each sex were placed on test as vehicle controls. These animals were gavaged with pure @entity4336 oil at the same rate as the high dose group of the same sex. Twenty animals of each sex were placed on test as untreated controls for each species. These animals were not intubated. A statistically significant association between increased dosage and accelerated mortality was observed in male and female @entity35 but not in @entity19 of either sex. @entity8 was observed in all groups of treated animals. Statistical evaluation of the incidences of @entity157 revealed a significant positive association between @entity63520 administration and @entity5 incidence in both male and female @entity19 . No statistical significance was attributed to the incidence of any @entity5 in @entity35 of either sex. No evidence was provided for the carcinogenicity of the compound in Osborne-Mendel @entity35 . It is concluded that under the conditions of this bioassay, @entity63520 was carcinogenic in B6C3F1 @entity19 , inducing @entity157 in both sexes.

title: Bioassay of XXXX for possible carcinogenicity.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Toxic tubular nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity63520 :: ('MESH:C010182', 'Chemical') :: ['Hexachloroethane', 'hexachloroethane']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinomas']

answer: @entity63520 :: (MESH:C010182,Chemical) :: ['hexachloroethane']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adults with @entity299 seem to be more distressed than their healthy counterparts, which might render them even more susceptible to developing detrimental health outcomes. Previous research has confirmed the relationship between the perceived impact of stress on health and self-rated health. However, it remains unknown whether sense of coherence, a @entity1 's capacity to cope with stressors, moderates this relationship. AIM: This cross-sectional study aims to explore: the relationship between demographic and clinical characteristics, sense of coherence, and the perceived impact of stress on health; the relationship between the perceived impact of stress on health and self-rated health; and the moderating effect of sense of coherence in a sample of adults with @entity299 . METHODS: @entity1 were recruited from the database of congenital and structural cardiology of a university hospital. The analytic sample included 255 @entity1 (median age 35 years; 50% @entity1 ). Data were obtained using self-report questionnaires and through medical record view. Univariate analyses and multiple regression analysis were conducted. RESULTS: The perceived impact of stress on health was negatively associated with sense of coherence (P<0.01), but there was no significant association with demographic or clinical characteristics. The perceived impact of stress on health and self-rated health were negatively associated (P<0.001), but sense of coherence did not moderate this relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the need for further research on the perceived impact of stress on health. Such insights can be valuable for developing interventions aimed at reducing the negative health consequences of stress in @entity1 with @entity299 .

title: Sense of coherence does not moderate the relationship between the perceived impact of stress on health and self-rated health in adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['congenital heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early @entity146 behaviour is one of the best predictors of adult criminality. AIM: To assess the degree to which family background variables, parental beliefs and behaviour and @entity1 intelligence predict @entity1 @entity146 and adult criminality. METHOD: Data were used from the Colombia County Longitudinal Study, a longitudinal study of 856 @entity1 in third grade in New York, in 1959-60. Adult measures of criminal behaviour, @entity1 measures taken at age eight, @entity1 peer-nominated @entity146 , @entity1 's peer-nominated popularity, @entity1 's IQ and parental measures at eight years were used. RESULTS: Aggressive @entity1 were less intelligent, less popular, rejected more by their parents, had parents who believed in punishment, were less identified with their parents' self-image and were less likely to express guilt. As adults, more @entity146 @entity1 with parents who were less well educated, experienced more marital disharmony and who seldom attended church were most at risk for arrest. However, after the effect of @entity146 was controlled, most effects disappeared and only parents having a strong belief in punishment added significantly to risk of arrest by age 30; the only fact that then reduced the risk of arrest was having parents who attended church often. Both parental authoritarianism and @entity1 IQ reduced the risk of conviction for arrested @entity1 . DISCUSSION: Level of @entity146 at age eight is the best predictor of criminal events over the next 22 years. A clear implication is that the risk for criminality is affected by much that happens to a @entity1 before he is eight years old. Preventive interventions need to target risk factors that appear to influence the development of @entity146 .

title: Childhood predictors of adult criminality: are all risk factors reflected in childhood XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boy', 'child']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression', 'early aggression', 'aggressive']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['aggressiveness']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, prevalence and @entity301 risk in @entity1 with known @entity164 2 (non-insulin-dependent) @entity6 mellitus in a Basque Country sentinel practice network study. METHODS: During the year 2000 we did a survey among sentinel practitioners who registered information about previously and newly diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 older than 24 years of age. We studied 65,651 @entity1 attending a primary care service in the Basque Country Health Service-Osakidetza. We collected information about @entity6 complications and cardiovascular risk factors and measured the @entity301 risk in these @entity1 . RESULTS: In the year 2000, the standardized cumulative incidence and prevalence of known @entity164 2 @entity6 were 5.0 per 1000 (CI 95%: 4.9-5.1) and 4.6% (CI 95%: 4.5-4.7) respectively. Macroangiopathy was the most frequent complication both in the newly diagnosed (21.6%) and previously known @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 (33%). Total @entity165 > or =5.17 mmol/l and LDL @entity165 > or =2.58 mmol/l were found in 75% and 90% of newly diagnosed and 65% and 85% of previously diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 respectively. Of the @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 42% were @entity28 and 80% had @entity101 . More than 55% of the @entity1 compared with 44% of the @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 had high or very high risk of @entity301 (p<0.05). CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: We report new epidemiological data on known @entity164 2 @entity6 in the Basque Country. These @entity1 have a high frequency of cardiovascular risk factors causing a high @entity301 risk.

title: Incidence, prevalence and @entity301 risk level in known XXXX 2 @entity6 : a sentinel practice network study in the Basque Country, Spain.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['Type']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, prevalence and @entity301 risk in @entity1 with known @entity164 2 (non-insulin-dependent) @entity6 mellitus in a Basque Country sentinel practice network study. METHODS: During the year 2000 we did a survey among sentinel practitioners who registered information about previously and newly diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 older than 24 years of age. We studied 65,651 @entity1 attending a primary care service in the Basque Country Health Service-Osakidetza. We collected information about @entity6 complications and cardiovascular risk factors and measured the @entity301 risk in these @entity1 . RESULTS: In the year 2000, the standardized cumulative incidence and prevalence of known @entity164 2 @entity6 were 5.0 per 1000 (CI 95%: 4.9-5.1) and 4.6% (CI 95%: 4.5-4.7) respectively. Macroangiopathy was the most frequent complication both in the newly diagnosed (21.6%) and previously known @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 (33%). Total @entity165 > or =5.17 mmol/l and LDL @entity165 > or =2.58 mmol/l were found in 75% and 90% of newly diagnosed and 65% and 85% of previously diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 respectively. Of the @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 42% were @entity28 and 80% had @entity101 . More than 55% of the @entity1 compared with 44% of the @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 had high or very high risk of @entity301 (p<0.05). CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: We report new epidemiological data on known @entity164 2 @entity6 in the Basque Country. These @entity1 have a high frequency of cardiovascular risk factors causing a high @entity301 risk.

title: Incidence, prevalence and @entity301 risk level in known @entity164 2 XXXX : a sentinel practice network study in the Basque Country, Spain.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, prevalence and @entity301 risk in @entity1 with known @entity164 2 (non-insulin-dependent) @entity6 mellitus in a Basque Country sentinel practice network study. METHODS: During the year 2000 we did a survey among sentinel practitioners who registered information about previously and newly diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 older than 24 years of age. We studied 65,651 @entity1 attending a primary care service in the Basque Country Health Service-Osakidetza. We collected information about @entity6 complications and cardiovascular risk factors and measured the @entity301 risk in these @entity1 . RESULTS: In the year 2000, the standardized cumulative incidence and prevalence of known @entity164 2 @entity6 were 5.0 per 1000 (CI 95%: 4.9-5.1) and 4.6% (CI 95%: 4.5-4.7) respectively. Macroangiopathy was the most frequent complication both in the newly diagnosed (21.6%) and previously known @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 (33%). Total @entity165 > or =5.17 mmol/l and LDL @entity165 > or =2.58 mmol/l were found in 75% and 90% of newly diagnosed and 65% and 85% of previously diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 respectively. Of the @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 42% were @entity28 and 80% had @entity101 . More than 55% of the @entity1 compared with 44% of the @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 had high or very high risk of @entity301 (p<0.05). CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: We report new epidemiological data on known @entity164 2 @entity6 in the Basque Country. These @entity1 have a high frequency of cardiovascular risk factors causing a high @entity301 risk.

title: Incidence, prevalence and XXXX risk level in known @entity164 2 @entity6 : a sentinel practice network study in the Basque Country, Spain.

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: Lesions of @entity2736 were excised from thirty-seven joints in twenty-three adults who had had injuries to the brain. The lesions were excised from twenty-three elbows, twelve hips, and two shoulders. @entity1 were retrospectively divided into five categories according to the neural residua ( @entity73 ). The @entity1 in Class I (minimum cognitive and @entity717 ) and @entity1 in Class II (minimum @entity73 and moderate @entity717 ) who had fair or good selective control of the affected extremity had the best prognosis for maintaining the range of motion resulting from resecting the lesion and improving function postoperatively. They also had a low incidence of recurrence of the lesion. Seven of the nine elbows and eight of the eight hips in @entity1 in these classes had successful results. All three of the @entity1 in Class V (severe @entity73 ) who had a lesion of the hip and all eight of the @entity1 in Class V with poor selective control had a poor result. In the twenty-five joints for which adequate follow-up radiographs were available to determine if the lesion recurred, fourteen recurrences were identified (56 per cent). Eleven of these @entity1 were considered to have a poor result. Nine of the fourteen recurrences occurred in @entity1 in Class V. Radiographic evidence of the maturity of the lesion and a normal level of alkaline phosphatase were of limited importance in predicting a low rate of recurrence. The over-all complications included four superficial @entity281 and no instances of @entity4034 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Resection of XXXX in the adult with head trauma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive disability', 'cognitive and physical deficits']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2736 :: ('MESH:D009999', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopic ossification']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['physical disability']

answer: @entity2736 :: (MESH:D009999,Disease) :: ['heterotopic ossification']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mechanisms underpinning @entity1 @entity299 remain elusive. In his 1913 treatise on 'Dynamic Equilibrium in the Heart', Mines proposed that an activation wave front could propagate repeatedly in a circle, initiated by a stimulus in the vulnerable period. While the dynamics of activation and recovery are central to @entity299 , these physiological data are rarely used in clinical mapping. Fibrillation is a rapid irregular rhythm with @entity74 resulting from 2 fundamental mechanisms - sources in preferred cardiac regions or spatially diffuse self-sustaining activity, i.e. with no preferred source. On close inspection, however, this debate may also reflect mapping technique. Fibrillation is initiated from triggers by regional dispersion in repolarization, slow conduction and wavebreak, then sustained by non-uniform interactions of these mechanisms. Notably, optical mapping of action potentials in @entity955 ( @entity955 ) show spiral wave sources (rotors) in nearly all studies including @entity1 , while most traditional electrogram analyses of @entity955 do not. Techniques may diverge in fibrillation because electrograms summate non-coherent waves within an undefined field whereas optical maps define waves with a visually defined field. Also fibrillation operates at the limits of activation and recovery, that are well represented by action potentials while fibrillatory electrograms poorly represent repolarization. We conclude by suggesting areas for study that may be used, until such time as optical mapping is clinically feasible, to improve mechanistic understanding and therapy of @entity1 @entity299 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Mechanistically-based mapping of @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['spatiotemporal disorder']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac fibrillation']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac fibrillation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mechanisms underpinning @entity1 @entity299 remain elusive. In his 1913 treatise on 'Dynamic Equilibrium in the Heart', Mines proposed that an activation wave front could propagate repeatedly in a circle, initiated by a stimulus in the vulnerable period. While the dynamics of activation and recovery are central to @entity299 , these physiological data are rarely used in clinical mapping. Fibrillation is a rapid irregular rhythm with @entity74 resulting from 2 fundamental mechanisms - sources in preferred cardiac regions or spatially diffuse self-sustaining activity, i.e. with no preferred source. On close inspection, however, this debate may also reflect mapping technique. Fibrillation is initiated from triggers by regional dispersion in repolarization, slow conduction and wavebreak, then sustained by non-uniform interactions of these mechanisms. Notably, optical mapping of action potentials in @entity955 ( @entity955 ) show spiral wave sources (rotors) in nearly all studies including @entity1 , while most traditional electrogram analyses of @entity955 do not. Techniques may diverge in fibrillation because electrograms summate non-coherent waves within an undefined field whereas optical maps define waves with a visually defined field. Also fibrillation operates at the limits of activation and recovery, that are well represented by action potentials while fibrillatory electrograms poorly represent repolarization. We conclude by suggesting areas for study that may be used, until such time as optical mapping is clinically feasible, to improve mechanistic understanding and therapy of @entity1 @entity299 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Mechanistically-based mapping of XXXX @entity299 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many aspects of clinical management of @entity9144 are subject to intense debates. Guidelines show considerable variability in their recommendations, leading to divergent treatment regimes. The most pronounced differences in recommendations exist between guidelines from scientific societies and from @entity1 advocacy groups. Assessment of the methodological quality of these contradictory guideline recommendations can be helpful for healthcare professionals. METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted in MEDLINE and databases of four international and national guideline organizations for guidelines on @entity9144 published from 1999-2014. Characteristics (e.g., year of publication, sponsoring organization) and key recommendations were extracted from each guideline. Two independent reviewers assessed the methodological quality of each guideline according to the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool. AGREE II scores from guidelines developed by scientific societies and from @entity1 advocacy groups were compared across domains. RESULTS: We identified eight eligible guidelines of which n   =   6 were developed by scientific societies and n   =   2 by @entity1 advocacy groups. Agreement on AGREE II scores was good (Cohen's weighted kappa   =   0.87, 95  % CI 0.83-0.92). Three guidelines, all from scientific societies, had an overall quality score of   >=    50  %. Two of them were recommended for use according to the AGREE II criteria. Across all guidelines, the AGREE II domain with the highest scores was "Clarity of Presentation" (65, SD 19  %); all other domains had scores   <   50  % with the domain "Applicability" having the lowest scores (4, SD 4  %). Guidelines developed by scientific societies had statistically significantly higher scores regarding clarity of presentation than guidelines from @entity1 advocacy groups (p   =   0.0151). No statistically significant differences were found in other domains. CONCLUSIONS: Current guidelines on @entity9144 vary in methodological quality and content. Health care providers and @entity1 need to be aware of this variability in quality when choosing recommendations for their treatment decisions regarding @entity9144 . No statement can be given on quality of content and validity of recommendations, as these issues are not subject to assessment with the AGREE II tool and are prone to individual interpretation of the available evidence by the corresponding guideline panels. To enhance guideline quality, guideline panels should put more emphasis on linking recommendations to the available evidence, transparency in reporting how evidence was searched for and evaluated, and the implementation of recommendations into clinical practice.

title: Methodological quality of guidelines for management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9144 :: ('MESH:D020852', 'Disease') :: ['Lyme neuroborreliosis']

answer: @entity9144 :: (MESH:D020852,Disease) :: ['Lyme neuroborreliosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recruitment to trials evaluating the effectiveness of @entity28 management interventions is challenging. We report our experience of recruitment to the Families for Health study, a randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a family-based community programme for @entity1 aged 6-11 years, versus usual care. We evaluated the effectiveness of active recruitment (contacting eligible families directly) versus passive recruitment (informing the community through flyers, public events, media). METHODS: Initial approaches included passive recruitment via the media (newspapers and radio) and two active recruitment methods: National @entity1 Measurement Programme (letters to families with overweight @entity1 ) and referrals from health-care professionals. With slow initial recruitment, further strategies were employed, including active (e.g. targeted letters from general practices) and passive (e.g. flyers, posters and public events) methods. At first enquiry from a potential @entity1 , families were asked where they heard about the study. Further quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative data (one-to-one interviews with parents/carers), were collected from recruited families at baseline and 3-month follow-up and included questions about recruitment. RESULTS: In total, 194 families enquired about Families for Health, and 115 (59.3  %) were recruited and randomised. Active recruitment yielded 85 enquiries, with 43 families recruited (50.6  %); passive recruitment yielded 99 enquiries with 72 families recruited (72.7  %). Information seen at schools or GP surgeries accounted for over a quarter of enquiries (28.4  %) and over a third (37.4  %) of final recruitment. Eight out of ten families who enquired this way were recruited. Media-led enquiries were low (5  %), but all were recruited. @entity1 of families recruited actively were more likely to be Asian or mixed race. Despite extensive recruitment methods, the trial did not recruit as planned, and was awarded a no-cost extension to complete the 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The higher number of @entity1 recruited through passive methods may be due to the large number of potential @entity1 these methods reached and because @entity1 may see the information more than once. Recruiting to a @entity1 @entity28 treatment study is complex and it is advisable to use multiple recruitment strategies, some aiming at blanket coverage and some targeted at families with @entity1 who are overweight. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN45032201 (Date: 18 August 2011).

title: Evaluation of recruitment methods for a trial targeting XXXX : Families for Health randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Child', 'children', 'participant', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['childhood obesity', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['childhood obesity']


abstract: The success of IVF has led to the adaptation of IVF sperm processing methods for WIUI. When WIUI is used for treating oligoasthenospermia, there is a theoretical advantage because an isolated population of only the most motile, capacitated sperm are placed directly into the wife's uterus. The cervix and its mucus are bypassed, which may provide a mechanical or biochemical advantage for semen from subfertile males. @entity40497 (and prostaglandins contained therein) prevents the @entity158 uterine contractions that can occur when raw semen is placed directly into the uterine cavity. The disadvantages of WIUI are related to its expense, problems with precise timing of ovulation, and the frustration that can occur when inseminating personnel are not available whenever ovulation occurs on weekends or holidays. Only truly committed couples who will try WIUI for multiple cycles should be selected for this method of @entity249 treatment. Although @entity4810 currently is one of the main indications for WIUI, the widely variable pregnancy rates reported with WIUI leave some doubt regarding its ultimate role in the treatment of this condition. Our own preliminary results with WIUI for treatment of asthenospermia, oligoasthenospermia, and "cervical factor" @entity249 are encouraging, although the numbers of @entity1 are small. We anticipate that with further refinement of methods of sperm processing and with the newer improved methods of home monitoring of ovulation, these results may improve. Factors that determine pregnancy rates of WIUI for the treatment of oligoasthenospermia are numerous. The degree of @entity6660 and/or asthenospermia, the cooperation and persistence of the couple through the required cycles of WIUI (drop-out rate), the method and meticulousness of sperm processing, the accuracy of monitoring ovulation, the availability of insemination personnel whenever ovulation occurs (even on weekends and holidays), and possibly the duration of @entity249 will all play a role in the ultimate success of WIUI programs. Couples selecting WIUI must be aware that it does not now offer a high pregnancy rate when used for treatment of @entity4810 . The apparent increased pregnancy rate of WIUI compared with other methods of AIH may have resulted from modern methods of monitoring ovulation. Studies have not yet been performed to show whether comparable pregnancy rates would be obtained if similar methods of monitoring ovulation were used with cervicovaginal methods of AIH. We believe the only clear indication for WIUI now is an abnormal sperm-cervical mucus interaction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Sperm processing and intrauterine insemination for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity4810 :: ('MESH:D007248', 'Disease') :: ['male-factor infertility']

entities_list: @entity6660 :: ('MESH:D009845', 'Disease') :: ['oligospermia']

entities_list: @entity40497 :: ('MESH:C565993', 'Disease') :: ['Removal of seminal plasma']

answer: @entity6660 :: (MESH:D009845,Disease) :: ['oligospermia']


abstract: @entity5 -bearing animals provided with intravenous @entity413 and @entity1522 ( @entity8856 ) exhibit enhanced response to S-phase-specific chemotherapeutic agents (H. M. Reynolds, J. M. Daly, B. Rowlands, S. J. Dudrick, and E. M. Copeland. Cancer 45: 3069, 1980; M. H. Torosian, J. L. Mullen, E. E. Miller, et al. J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 7: 337, 1983). To determine the mechanism of this response, DNA synthesis rate during starvation or a 48-hr infusion of @entity413 / @entity1522 ( @entity367 /AA) was evaluated in @entity5 , liver, and terminal ileal cells of 68 @entity35 . @entity5 cells exhibited a rapid increase in DNA synthesis following the initiation of an infusion of @entity367 /AA. This increase was most marked after 2 hr of infusion and returned to control levels within 24 hr. Liver DNA synthesis rate increased in both starved and @entity367 /AA animals over 48 hr with a larger increase in animals receiving @entity367 /AA. Ileal DNA synthesis decreased equally in both groups. Short pulse @entity367 /AA produced transient increases in @entity5 DNA synthesis. Changes in host tissues occurred but followed a different temporal sequence. This may indicate the existence of a period of time following initiation of metabolic manipulation when @entity5 susceptibility to phase-specific chemotherapeutic agents will be enhanced while host tissues will be spared from increased @entity137 .

title: The effects of XXXX and @entity1522 on @entity5 and host DNA synthesis.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: @entity5 -bearing animals provided with intravenous @entity413 and @entity1522 ( @entity8856 ) exhibit enhanced response to S-phase-specific chemotherapeutic agents (H. M. Reynolds, J. M. Daly, B. Rowlands, S. J. Dudrick, and E. M. Copeland. Cancer 45: 3069, 1980; M. H. Torosian, J. L. Mullen, E. E. Miller, et al. J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 7: 337, 1983). To determine the mechanism of this response, DNA synthesis rate during starvation or a 48-hr infusion of @entity413 / @entity1522 ( @entity367 /AA) was evaluated in @entity5 , liver, and terminal ileal cells of 68 @entity35 . @entity5 cells exhibited a rapid increase in DNA synthesis following the initiation of an infusion of @entity367 /AA. This increase was most marked after 2 hr of infusion and returned to control levels within 24 hr. Liver DNA synthesis rate increased in both starved and @entity367 /AA animals over 48 hr with a larger increase in animals receiving @entity367 /AA. Ileal DNA synthesis decreased equally in both groups. Short pulse @entity367 /AA produced transient increases in @entity5 DNA synthesis. Changes in host tissues occurred but followed a different temporal sequence. This may indicate the existence of a period of time following initiation of metabolic manipulation when @entity5 susceptibility to phase-specific chemotherapeutic agents will be enhanced while host tissues will be spared from increased @entity137 .

title: The effects of @entity413 and XXXX on @entity5 and host DNA synthesis.

answer: @entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']


abstract: @entity5 -bearing animals provided with intravenous @entity413 and @entity1522 ( @entity8856 ) exhibit enhanced response to S-phase-specific chemotherapeutic agents (H. M. Reynolds, J. M. Daly, B. Rowlands, S. J. Dudrick, and E. M. Copeland. Cancer 45: 3069, 1980; M. H. Torosian, J. L. Mullen, E. E. Miller, et al. J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 7: 337, 1983). To determine the mechanism of this response, DNA synthesis rate during starvation or a 48-hr infusion of @entity413 / @entity1522 ( @entity367 /AA) was evaluated in @entity5 , liver, and terminal ileal cells of 68 @entity35 . @entity5 cells exhibited a rapid increase in DNA synthesis following the initiation of an infusion of @entity367 /AA. This increase was most marked after 2 hr of infusion and returned to control levels within 24 hr. Liver DNA synthesis rate increased in both starved and @entity367 /AA animals over 48 hr with a larger increase in animals receiving @entity367 /AA. Ileal DNA synthesis decreased equally in both groups. Short pulse @entity367 /AA produced transient increases in @entity5 DNA synthesis. Changes in host tissues occurred but followed a different temporal sequence. This may indicate the existence of a period of time following initiation of metabolic manipulation when @entity5 susceptibility to phase-specific chemotherapeutic agents will be enhanced while host tissues will be spared from increased @entity137 .

title: The effects of @entity413 and @entity1522 on XXXX and host DNA synthesis.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: We performed a study to determine if the measurement of expired PCO2 during CPR for @entity1167 could be used as a prognostic indicator of successful resuscitation. Twelve mongrel @entity235 were fibrillated electrically, and external chest massage and assisted ventilation were applied for 15 minutes. Expired PCO2 and aortic and right atrial pressures were monitored each minute of arrest. Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) was calculated by subtracting the right atrial from the aortic diastolic pressure. Half the @entity235 received high-force chest compression (80 lb) and half received low-force chest compression (40 lb). The six @entity235 that received high-force compression were resuscitated successfully. The expired PCO2 was significantly higher in the successfully resuscitated @entity235 (expired PCO2 = 9.6 +/- 3.2 mm Hg) when compared to those @entity235 that died (expired PCO2 = 3.2 +/- 1.1 mm Hg, P less than .01). Expired PCO2 was highly correlated (r = 0.91, P less than .01) with the CPPs. The measurement of expired PCO2 during attempted CPR may be useful as a noninvasive indicator of CPP and adequate technique. Further studies on the use of this technique as an assessment criterion are warranted.

title: Expired PCO2 as a prognostic indicator of successful resuscitation from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can remove early stage @entity5 of various sizes en bloc; however, success requires reducing the relatively high postprocedure @entity548 rate. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel, fully synthetic, and self-assembled peptide solution that functions as an extracellular matrix scaffold material to facilitate reconstruction of normal tissues in ESD-induced @entity1066 . METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 who underwent gastric ESD were prospectively enrolled. Immediately after the resection, the solution was applied to the site with a catheter. @entity2275 were evaluated by endoscopy and classified as active, healing, or @entity2318 stages at weeks 1, 4, and 8 after ESD. RESULTS: Forty-seven @entity1 with 53 lesions, including 14 (29.8%) previously on antithrombotic therapy and 2 (4.3%) requiring @entity6950 bridge therapy, were analyzed; 2 @entity1 were excluded, 1 with perforations and 1 with persistent @entity1003 . The mean size of the en bloc resected specimens was 36.5    11.3  mm. The rate of post-ESD @entity548 was 2.0% (1/51; 95% CI, 0.03-10.3). Transitional rate to the healing stage of ESD-induced @entity1066 at week 1 was 96% (49/51). Subsequent endoscopies demonstrated the @entity2318 stage in 19% (9/48) and 98% (41/42) at weeks 4 and 8, respectively. No adverse effects related to this solution occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The use of this novel peptide solution may potentially aid in reducing the delayed @entity548 rate by promoting mucosal regeneration and speed of @entity1066 after large endoscopic resections in the stomach. Further studies, particularly randomized controlled studies, are needed to fully evaluate its efficacy. (Clinical trial registration number: 000011548.).

title: A novel fully synthetic and self-assembled peptide solution for endoscopic submucosal dissection-induced XXXX in the stomach.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['GI tumors']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer healing', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['Gastric ulcers']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcer']


abstract: 26 cases of @entity339 ( @entity339 ) were treated by combined surgery: mitral valve replacement (MVR) and coronary bypass grafting (CBG). This type of operation is not common (1.3 p. 100 of all operations) and is usually reserved for @entity1 (21 cases) of middle age (average 59 years). A half of the cases had suffered previous @entity583 ( @entity583 ), an average 5 months before surgery (range 20 days to 2 years). The other half had severe @entity951 or ECG changes of @entity296 . 23 @entity1 were in Class IV (15 @entity1 ) or Class III (8 @entity1 ) of the NYHA classification. 6 of the cases required intraaortic balloon pumping. @entity339 was severe () in half of the cases with a raised pulmonary capillary (mean V wave = 52 mmHg) and @entity551 (mean = 47 mmHg: exceeding 60 mmHg in 7 cases). The coronary lesions were severe in 18 @entity1 (12 cases of double and 6 of @entity66 including 2 cases of left main stem stenosis). @entity397 were found in 11 cases and @entity5720 in 4 cases. Surgery comprised MVR with 12 bioprostheses and 14 mechanical prostheses. 33 CBG were performed (anterior wall: 15 cases, posterior wall: 11 cases). In addition, one tricuspid annuloplasty and 3 ventricular aneurysmectomies were carried out. The hospital mortality was 15.4 p. 100. The main causes of morbidity were low output states and postoperative @entity583 (2 cases).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Valve replacement associated with aorto-coronary bypass in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic mitral regurgitation', 'Mitral regurgitation', 'MR']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['triple vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity5720 :: ('MESH:D007681', 'Disease') :: ['papillary muscle necrosis']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['Ruptured chordae']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systolic pulmonary artery pressures']

answer: @entity339 :: (MESH:D008944,Disease) :: ['ischemic mitral insufficiency']


abstract: @entity2008 are found in a considerably high percentage of cases of @entity4810 , in particular @entity3893 . We report a case of the @entity22175 and review the literature. A 36-year-old @entity1 , a factory hand, presented with @entity249 . He was safely delivered at term as a fourth @entity1 when his father was 41 years old and his mother 38. He had no delinquent or criminal record. His height was 179 cm, weight 75 kg and distance of extended hands 184 cm. No @entity247 was noticed. Both testes were 8ml in size and growth of pubic hair and penis were normal. Severe @entity6660 was identified in semen analysis. Seminal vesiculography showed pathological dilatation of the seminal vas end. The testicular biopsy specimens revealed @entity1167 for the most part. Chromosomal analysis showed 47, @entity22175 karyotype; and, two Y-chromatin was revealed in cultured lymphocytes. Though plasma gonadotropin levels were high, @entity251 , @entity53 , prolactin, TSH, GH, T3 and T4 levels were within normal limits. Pituitary reserve function for secreting gonadotropins and Leydig cell reserve function to secrete @entity251 have been found to be almost normal.

title: [ XXXX with @entity2008 ].

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity4810 :: ('MESH:D007248', 'Disease') :: ['male infertility']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity247 :: ('MESH:D006177', 'Disease') :: ['gynecomastia']

entities_list: @entity22175 :: ('MESH:C535317', 'Disease') :: ['XYY syndrome', 'XYY']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['spermatogenic arrest']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['Chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity6660 :: ('MESH:D009845', 'Disease') :: ['oligozoospermia']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['azoospermia']

answer: @entity4810 :: (MESH:D007248,Disease) :: ['Male infertility']


abstract: @entity2008 are found in a considerably high percentage of cases of @entity4810 , in particular @entity3893 . We report a case of the @entity22175 and review the literature. A 36-year-old @entity1 , a factory hand, presented with @entity249 . He was safely delivered at term as a fourth @entity1 when his father was 41 years old and his mother 38. He had no delinquent or criminal record. His height was 179 cm, weight 75 kg and distance of extended hands 184 cm. No @entity247 was noticed. Both testes were 8ml in size and growth of pubic hair and penis were normal. Severe @entity6660 was identified in semen analysis. Seminal vesiculography showed pathological dilatation of the seminal vas end. The testicular biopsy specimens revealed @entity1167 for the most part. Chromosomal analysis showed 47, @entity22175 karyotype; and, two Y-chromatin was revealed in cultured lymphocytes. Though plasma gonadotropin levels were high, @entity251 , @entity53 , prolactin, TSH, GH, T3 and T4 levels were within normal limits. Pituitary reserve function for secreting gonadotropins and Leydig cell reserve function to secrete @entity251 have been found to be almost normal.

title: [ @entity4810 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity2008 :: (MESH:D002869,Disease) :: ['chromosomal abnormalities. I. XYY syndrome']