abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity0 incidence is higher in black @entity1 than in white @entity1 among @entity1 younger than 40 years, the reverse is true among those aged 40 years or older. This crossover in incidence rates between black and white ethnic groups has been well described, has not been completely understood, and has been viewed as an artifact. METHODS: To quantify this incidence rate crossover, we examined data for 440 653 @entity1 with @entity0 from the National @entity5 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 2004. Data on invasive female @entity0 were stratified by race, age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, and @entity5 characteristics. Standard descriptive analyses were supplemented with Poisson regression models, age-period-cohort models, and two-component mixture models. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: We observed qualitative (ie, crossing or reversing) interactions between age and race. That is, age-specific incidence rates overall (expressed as number of @entity0 per 100 000 @entity1 -years) were higher among black @entity1 (15.5) than among white @entity1 (13.1) younger than 40 years (difference = 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.4 to 2.4), and then, age-specific rates crossed with rates higher among white @entity1 (281.3) than among black @entity1 (239.5) aged 40 years or older (difference = 41.8, 95% CI = 41.7 to 41.9). The black-to-white incidence rate crossover was observed for all @entity5 characteristics assessed, although the crossover occurred at earlier ages of diagnosis for @entity5 characteristics than for high-risk @entity5 characteristics. The incidence rate crossover between ethnic groups was robust (ie, reliable and reproducible) to adjustment for calendar period and birth cohort effects in age-period-cohort models (P < .001 for difference by race). CONCLUSION: Although this ecologic study cannot determine the individual-level factors responsible for the racial crossover in vital rates, it confirms that the age-related crossover in @entity0 incidence rates between black and white ethnic groups is a robust age-specific effect that is independent of period and cohort effects.

title: Age-related crossover in XXXX incidence rates between black and white ethnic groups.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'low-risk tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer', 'invasive breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: CONTEXT: Use and abuse of prescription narcotic analgesics have increased dramatically in the United States since 1990. The effect of this pharmacoepidemic has been most pronounced in rural states, including @entity739 , which experienced the nation's largest increase in @entity1445 mortality rates during 1999-2004. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk characteristics of @entity1 dying of unintentional pharmaceutical @entity1445 in @entity739 , the types of drugs involved, and the role of @entity734 in the deaths. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Population-based, observational study using data from medical examiner, prescription drug monitoring program, and opiate treatment program records. The study population was all state residents who died of unintentional pharmaceutical @entity1445 in @entity739 in 2006. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rates and rate ratios for selected demographic variables. Prevalence of specific drugs among decedents and proportion that had been prescribed to decedents. Associations between demographics and substance abuse indicators and evidence of pharmaceutical diversion, defined as a @entity204 involving a prescription drug without a documented prescription and having received prescriptions for controlled substances from 5 or more clinicians during the year prior to @entity204 (ie, doctor shopping). RESULTS: Of 295 decedents, 198 (67.1%) were @entity1 and 271 (91.9%) were aged 18 through 54 years. Pharmaceutical diversion was associated with 186 (63.1%) deaths, while 63 (21.4%) were accompanied by evidence of doctor shopping. Prevalence of diversion was greatest among decedents aged 18 through 24 years and decreased across each successive age group. Having prescriptions for a controlled substance from 5 or more clinicians in the year prior to @entity204 was more common among @entity1 (30 [30.9%]) and decedents aged 35 through 44 years (23 [30.7%]) compared with @entity1 (33 [16.7%]) and other age groups (40 [18.2%]). Substance abuse indicators were identified in 279 decedents (94.6%), with nonmedical routes of exposure and illicit contributory drugs particularly prevalent among drug diverters. Multiple contributory substances were implicated in 234 deaths (79.3%). Opioid analgesics were taken by 275 decedents (93.2%), of whom only 122 (44.4%) had ever been prescribed these drugs. CONCLUSION: The majority of @entity1445 deaths in @entity739 in 2006 were associated with nonmedical use and diversion of pharmaceuticals, primarily opioid analgesics.

title: Patterns of abuse among unintentional pharmaceutical XXXX fatalities.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity739 :: ('MESH:D013036', 'Disease') :: ['West Virginia']

entities_list: @entity1445 :: ('MESH:D062787', 'Disease') :: ['drug overdose', 'overdoses', 'overdose']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

answer: @entity1445 :: (MESH:D062787,Disease) :: ['overdose']


abstract: @entity1158 is a highly prevalent disease and can be correlated with Pakshaghata, a disease described in Ayurveda. In @entity3595 -Lankan traditional system of medicine, Chandra Kalka with Mahadalu Anupanaya are used successfully in the management of early stage of Pakshaghata and mentioned in Vatika Prakaranaya, a book on traditional medicine. So far, no scientific studies have been performed to evaluate the efficacy of Chandra Kalka with Mahadalu Anupanaya. This study was conducted at Kurunegala Ayurvedic Base Hospital, @entity3595 -Lanka. Thirty @entity1 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The first group consisted of twenty five @entity1 and treated with one pill of (250 mg) Chandra Kalka with 40 ml of Mahadalu Anupanaya three times a day for fourteen days as an internal therapy. Second group consisted of five @entity1 who were treated with placebo in single blind method. The response to the treatment was recorded and therapeutic effect was evaluated through symptomatic relief of the @entity1 . In the group of @entity1 treated with the above drugs, statistically significant reduction was observed in symptoms such as slurring of speech, swallowing difficulties, @entity2901 . In view of this observation and results obtained in this study, it is concluded that the above drug is a very effective traditional preparation that could be used in early stage of management of Pakshaghata, providing speedily and positive effects with a powerful action in controlling symptoms of Pakshaghata.

title: Clinical study on the efficacy of Chandra Kalka with Mahadalu Anupanaya in the management of Pakshaghata ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['Hemiplegia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2901 :: ('MESH:D005207', 'Disease') :: ['fasciculation of tongue, and mouth deviation']

answer: @entity1158 :: (MESH:D006429,Disease) :: ['Hemiplegia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Fever in hospitalized @entity1 (FHP) is a difficult problem. We study clinical characteristics and predictive parameters of @entity281 , @entity295 and outcome. @entity1 AND METHODS: Prospective study of 204 @entity1 with @entity221 > 38 degrees C admitted in an Internal Medicine ward. In each @entity1 clinical evaluation, complete blood count (CBC) urinalysis (UA), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), chest X- ray (CXR), blood and urine cultures were performed. RESULTS: 115 @entity1 @entity281 (75.9% nosocomial, 7.4% @entity295 ), 35 had a non-infectious etiology and 54 an unknown cause. CBC and @entity1851 did not distinguish @entity281 , @entity2259 or @entity295 . In UA, positive nitrites, leukocytes and @entity793 were predictive of @entity281 . 18.6% of the @entity1 were diagnosed by CXR. 18% of urine cultures and 13% of blood cultures were positive. 71.6% received antibiotics (deemed unnecessary in 18%). Microbiological results modified 25% of initial treatments. Average hospital stay was 17 days; 16.7% died. @entity1030 , @entity221 duration, @entity1282 and urinary tract alterations predict @entity281 . @entity28 , @entity6 , @entity1578 , immunocompromised host, central vascular access, @entity221 duration and @entity580 predict @entity2259 . @entity295 is more prevalent in males, with @entity580 . @entity409 , @entity580 , severe @entity358 and @entity295 increase mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical diagnosis of FHP is inaccurate. Infection is it s most frequent cause; UA, CXR, and blood and urine cultures are useful. FHP increases mortality and hospital stay. We have established predictable models of @entity281 , @entity2259 , @entity295 and mortality. However, its sensibility and specificity are low.

title: [Fever in XXXX of a Service of Internal Medicine: prospective study in 204 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity793 :: ('MESH:D001437', 'Disease') :: ['bacteriuria']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'suffered infection']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung infection']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic lung disease']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy and vascular or nosocomial infection', 'nosocomial infection']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity101 is the most common @entity5539 affecting 972 million @entity1 worldwide. The present clinical study deals with the effect of Makandi (Coleus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq.) Ghana vati and tablets of its powder in @entity101 found in the geriatric age group (50-80 years). A total of 49 @entity101 @entity1 fulfilling the diagnostic criteria were registered in two groups-Group I (Ghana vati) and Group II (Churna tablet). Out of 27 enrolled @entity1 of group I, 21 @entity1 completed the treatment. In Group II, out of 22 registered @entity1 , a total of 20 @entity1 completed the treatment. The effect of the therapy was assessed on the basis of changes in the @entity551 , in both sitting and supine positions; with Manasa Bhava Pariksha, Manasa Vibhrama Pariksha, symptomatology, geriatric signs and symptoms, and a brief @entity146 rating scale. Analysis of the results showed that the treatment in both the groups had been found to be good. It can be stated that Makandi, either in Ghana vati form or in churna tablet form, is an effective remedy for the treatment of @entity101 . On analyzing the overall effect, 76.19% @entity1 in Group I and 75.00% @entity1 in Group II were mildly improved. Comparatively the overall treatment with group I was found to be better.

title: Clinical efficacy of Coleus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq. (Makandi) in XXXX of geriatric population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5539 :: ('MESH:D011602', 'Disease') :: ['psychosomatic disorder']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systolic and diastolic blood pressures']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: Vitiligo is a progressive, idiopathic, @entity2118 of the skin, characterized by @entity62 . PUVA therapy is the treatment of choice in the modern system of medicine. In Ayurveda, Shvitra or Kilasa is the term employed to @entity272 . Shvitra is caused by various dietic and behavioral factors which aggravate the tridoshas, especially the Kapha dosha vitiating the Meda dhatu. Many Ayurvedic drugs are well known for the regeneration of melanocytes, among which Bakuchi is one. The present study was planned to study its efficacy in the regeneration of melanocytes. The outcome of treatment in 50 cases of Shvitra vis-  -vis @entity1694 receiving Shvitrahara kashaya and Shvitrahara lepa was analyzed and compared. Group I (n = 25) @entity1 were treated with Shvitrahara kashaya and Shvitrahara lepa; Group II (n = 15) @entity1 received Shvitrahara lepa only; and the remaining 10 @entity1 of Group III used both (Western medicine) oral psoralens and UV-A therapy. Assessment was done after 6 months with bi-monthly follow-ups. Out of 25 cases in Group I, 17 showed 80% improvement (t = 7.65; P < 0.01) in the surface area, number of lesions, pigmentation and associated symptoms like itching; out of 15 @entity1 in Group II, 10 showed partial repigmentation, i.e. 50% (t = 5.72; P < 0.01) response was observed. In Group III, 90% response (t = 6.14; P < 0.001) in repigmentation and number of lesions as well was noted but eight @entity1 developed adverse effects like sunburn, severe itching and gastric upset on taking oral psoralen. On the basis of results and observations, it can be concluded that Ayurvedic formulation containing Bakuchi is efficacious and has no untoward effects when compared to oral psoralens and UV-A therapy.

title: Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of Shvitrahara kashaya and lepa in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigmentation disorder']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['describe hypopigmentation disorders of the skin']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['hypopigmented white lesions']

answer: @entity1694 :: (MESH:D014820,Disease) :: ['vitiligo']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report preliminary results on using intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) as an adjuvant treatment in @entity242 (STS) of the extremity. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between February 2002 and March 2005, 31 adult @entity1 with primary STS of the extremity were treated with surgery and adjuvant IMRT. @entity5 size was >10 cm in 74% of @entity1 and grade was high in 77%. Preoperative IMRT was given to 7 @entity1 (50 Gy) and postoperative IMRT (median dose, 63 Gy) was given to 24 @entity1 . Complete gross resection including periosteal stripping or bone resection was required in 10, and neurolysis or nerve resection in 20. The margins were positive or within 1 mm in 17. Complications from surgery and radiation therapy (RT) were assessed using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grading system. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 23 months. Grade 1 @entity20787 developed in 71% of @entity1 , Grade 2 in 16%, and Grade 3 in 10%. Infectious wound complications developed in 13% and noninfectious complications in 10%. Two @entity1 (6.4%) developed @entity174 . Grade 1 @entity16 developed in 28% of @entity1 and Grade 2 in 5%. The rates of Grade 1 and 2 joint @entity2693 were each 19%. Grade 1 @entity4 was observed in 19% of @entity1 and Grade 2 in 13%. The 2-year local control, distant control, and overall survival were 95%, 65%, and 81%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Intensity modulated RT appears to provide excellent local control in a difficult group of high-risk @entity1 . The morbidity profile is also favorable, but longer follow-up is needed to confirm the results from this study.

title: Intensity modulated radiation therapy for XXXX of the extremity: preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['primary soft tissue sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity20787 :: ('MESH:D011855', 'Disease') :: ['RT dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['primary soft tissue sarcoma']


abstract: Background. Whether or not the familial form of @entity3557 is more @entity146 than the sporadic form of the disease remains controversial. Methods. To explore this question and whether or not increased @entity146 is more apparent in families with multiple affected members, we performed a chi square by trend analysis on our @entity1 clinical and pathologic data comparing: first degree families with three or more affected members versus first degree families with two affected members versus sporadic cases of @entity3557 . Results. No statistically significant trends were seen for any presenting surgical pathology parameter, age at presentation, length of follow-up or gender distribution. The familial groups exhibited significant trends for higher rates of reoperation (P = 0.05) and/or requiring additional radioactive @entity1496 therapy (P = 0.03), distant @entity3 (P = 0.003) and @entity204 (P = 0.01). These @entity146 features were most apparent in certain families with three or more affected members. Conclusions. Using the chi square by trend analysis, a significant trend was seen for the familial form of @entity3557 to possess more @entity146 features than the sporadic disease. Prompt recognition of the familial nature of the disease may provide earlier diagnosis and treatment in similarly affected family members.

title: XXXX : a retrospective analysis.

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'papillary thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive', 'aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['Familial papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: @entity15500 associates with the pore-forming alpha-subunit @entity9677 to generate the slow (I(Ks)) current in cardiac myocytes. Mutations in either @entity9677 or @entity15500 can alter the biophysical properties of I(Ks) and mutations in @entity15500 underlie cases of @entity1162 ( @entity1162 ). We previously investigated a mutation in @entity15500 , @entity71092 / @entity71093 , which causes severe attenuation of I(Ks). However, how @entity71092 / @entity71093 acts to disrupt I(Ks) has not been determined. In this study, we investigate and compare the effects of @entity71092 / @entity71093 with three other @entity1162 mutations ( @entity45184 , @entity71094 , and @entity71095 ) on the biophysical properties of the current, trafficking of @entity9677 , and assembly of the I(Ks) channel. @entity45184 and @entity71092 / @entity71093 produce currents that lack the kinetic behavior of I(Ks). In contrast, @entity71094 and @entity71095 both produce I(Ks)-like currents but with rightward shifted voltage dependence of activation. All of the @entity1162 mutants express protein robustly, and @entity71092 / @entity71093 and @entity71095 cause modest, but significant, defects in the trafficking of @entity9677 . Despite defects in trafficking, in the presence of @entity9677 , @entity71092 / @entity71093 and the other @entity1162 mutants are present at the plasma membrane. Interestingly, in comparison to @entity15500 and the other @entity1162 mutants, @entity71092 / @entity71093 associates only weakly with @entity9677 . In conclusion, we identify the disease mechanisms for each mutation and reveal that @entity71092 / @entity71093 causes disease through a novel mechanism that involves defective I(Ks) complex assembly.

title: Mechanisms of disease pathogenesis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity71092 :: ('p|SUB|T|58|P', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['T58P']

entities_list: @entity45184 :: ('p|SUB|G|52|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['G52R']

entities_list: @entity71095 :: ('p|SUB|R|98|W', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['R98W']

entities_list: @entity71094 :: ('p|SUB|S|74|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['S74L']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['long QT syndrome type 5', 'LQT5']

entities_list: @entity71093 :: ('p|SUB|L|59|P', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['L59P']

answer: @entity1162 :: (MESH:D008133,Disease) :: ['long QT syndrome type 5']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore the underlying mechanism of @entity5 regrowth in cases of noninvasive @entity189 that recur in unusual anatomic locations. METHODS: The pathology files of our institution and the consult service of one of us were searched for cases of noninvasive nonmetastatic @entity189 with involvement of unusual anatomic sites. Cases in which the mode of spread included direct spread to the adjacent tissue and lymphovascular metastases were excluded. Medical history, including presenting symptoms, and follow-up data were obtained. RESULTS: Two cases of noninvasive @entity189 were identified. One had presented as an implant in the peritoneal investment of the bladder dome and the other as multiple implants growing on the benign surface of the colonic mucosa of an orthotopic neobladder distant from the @entity254 site. Both cases had initially presented as noninvasive @entity1377 of the @entity8 . Although the urinary bladder was free of neoplastic changes at nephroureterectomy, both @entity1 also developed several @entity5 within the bladder shortly after the removal of the kidney. CONCLUSIONS: After clinicopathologic correlation, the mode of @entity5 spread in these cases was best explained by the "seeding/implantation" theory. The @entity5 cells in each of these cases demonstrated the ability to implant themselves not only in the urothelium of the bladder but also in the colonic mucosa of a constructed neobladder and on the peritoneal surface.

title: Implants of noninvasive XXXX in peritoneum and ileocolonic neobladder: support for "seed and soil" hypothesis of bladder recurrence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal pelvis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'papillary tumors', 'urothelial tumor']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

answer: @entity1377 :: (MESH:D002291,Disease) :: ['papillary urothelial carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate @entity386 - @entity387 index (AHI) across two polysomnographies (PSGs) to examine AHI variability and impact on clinical diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-night PSGs of 193 @entity25 @entity1 were reviewed, and the AHI variability was analyzed. Anonymized records from five @entity1 with significant night-to-night AHI variability were used in this study: the two-night PSGs from two @entity1 were represented as four individual PSGs; the two-night @entity15203 for two others were represented as being obtained from two different sleep clinics; the last @entity1 's @entity15203 was shown as a two-night study. Twenty-two sleep experts attending the Associated Professional Sleep Societies meeting were recruited to make diagnoses based on the PSGs. They were told that the PSGs were from seven @entity1 : four with single-night @entity15203 ; two with two PSGs, each one from a different clinic; and one @entity1 with a two-night @entity15203 . RESULTS: Twenty-one percent of the 193 @entity25 @entity1 had a nightly @entity15203 AHI variability of greater than 5. Forty-eight percent of all @entity1 had a significantly higher AHI on the first night, and 41% had a significantly higher AHI on the second night. Using an AHI > 15 diagnostic criteria, @entity387 would have been undetected in 20% (n = 39) of @entity1 due to low AHI on one night. Furthermore, 13% of all @entity1 had a more severe @entity387 classification based on the second night of @entity15203 . For the seven cases, 27-36% of sleep experts failed to identify @entity387 especially when presented with the @entity15203 containing the lower AHI. Incidences of missed @entity387 diagnoses were reduced to 15-18% when information from two PSGs was presented to the sleep experts. CONCLUSIONS: Utilizing a large @entity1 population, this study supports the significant night-to-night variability in @entity15203 respiratory variables. @entity387 in some @entity1 is reduced when sleep experts are provided with only one @entity15203 recording. The clinical implication is that about 13% of @entity25 @entity1 might benefit from a second night of @entity15203 .

title: Clinical diagnosis of XXXX based on single night of polysomnography vs. two nights of polysomnography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['hypopnea', 'sleep apnea', 'Identification of sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep clinic']

answer: @entity387 :: (MESH:D012891,Disease) :: ['sleep apnea']


abstract: PURPOSE: Antitumor lymphocytes can be generated ex vivo unencumbered by immunoregulation found in vivo. Adoptive transfer of these cells is a promising therapeutic modality that could establish long-term antitumor immunity. However, the widespread use of adoptive therapy has been hampered by the difficulty of consistently generating potent antitumor lymphocytes in a timely manner for every @entity1 . To overcome this, we sought to establish a clinical grade culture system that can reproducibly generate antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We created an off-the-shelf, standardized, and renewable artificial antigen-presenting cell (aAPC) line that coexpresses HLA class I, @entity2071 , @entity7937 , @entity7938 , and the dendritic cell maturation marker @entity8730 . We tested the ability of aAPC to generate @entity5 antigen-specific CTL under optimal culture conditions. The number, phenotype, effector function, and in vitro longevity of generated CTL were determined. RESULTS: Stimulation of @entity405 (+) T cells with peptide-pulsed aAPC generated large numbers of functional CTL that recognized a variety of @entity5 antigens. These CTLs, which possess a phenotype consistent with in vivo persistence, survived ex vivo for prolonged periods of time. Clinical grade aAPC(33), produced under current Good Manufacturing Practices guidelines, generated sufficient numbers of CTL within a short period of time. These CTL specifically lysed a variety of @entity320 lines naturally expressing a target @entity320 antigen. Furthermore, antitumor CTL were easily generated in all @entity320 @entity1 examined. CONCLUSIONS: With clinical grade aAPC(33) in hand, we are now poised for clinical translation of ex vivo generated antitumor CTL for adoptive cell transfer.

title: Long-lived antitumor XXXX + lymphocytes for adoptive therapy generated using an artificial antigen-presenting cell.

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanoma tumor']

answer: @entity405 :: (925,Gene) :: ['CD8']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Successful treatment of @entity11 in or adjacent to language areas constitutes a major challenge to neurosurgery. The present study was performed to evaluate the procedure of language mapping via intraoperative direct cortical electrical stimulation under awake anaesthesia when performed prior to resective @entity11 surgery. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with @entity11 and left-hemisphere dominance and, who underwent language mapping via intraoperative direct cortical electrical stimulation under awake anaesthesia before resective @entity11 surgery, were analyzed retrospectively. All @entity1 had @entity5 in or adjacent to cortical language areas. The @entity75 were removed according to anatomic-functional boundaries with preservation of areas of language function. Both preoperative and postoperative functional findings were evaluated. RESULTS: Intraoperative language areas were detected in 20 @entity1 but not in four @entity1 . Language mapping failure for reasons attributable to the anaesthesia or to an intraoperative increase in intracranial pressure occurred in six cases. Seven @entity1 presented with moderate or severe @entity51 after six months of follow-up. Total resection was achieved in 14 cases, near-total resection in 12 cases and subtotal resection in four cases. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative cortical electrical stimulation is an accurate and safe approach to identification of the language cortex. Awake craniotomy intraoperative cortical electrical stimulation, in combination with presurgical neurological functional imaging to identify the anatomic-functional boundaries of @entity5 resection, permits extensive @entity5 excision while preserving normal language function and minimizing the risk of @entity86 .

title: Surgical strategies for XXXX involving language areas.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['language deficits']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative language deficits']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Limbs with varicose veins are difficult to assess as a source of saphenous vein conduit. Anatomic, histologic, and ultrasound studies demonstrate two types of longitudinal veins in the lower extremities. The great saphenous vein is deep to the saphenous fascia. Accessory saphenous veins are superficial to this layer and have thin walls with diminished muscle cells and elastic fiber. Accessory saphenous veins dilate and form varicosities. Segments of great saphenous veins are often suitable as coronary conduits. No studies have assessed the suitability of saphenous veins as coronary artery conduits in @entity1 with @entity6312 . METHODS: Intraoperative high-resolution ultrasound studies were performed in coronary artery bypass graft procedures to assess lower extremity venous morphology in limbs of 77 @entity1 without known @entity66 , in 19 limbs with @entity1211 , and in 23 limbs with varicose veins. RESULTS: Dilated great saphenous vein segments were identified in 6% of normal limb venous segments compared with 21% of segments in limbs with @entity8721 (p = 0.027) and 22% of segments in limbs with varicosities (p = 0.012). The incidence of absent or hypoplastic great saphenous vein segments is increased in limbs with varicosities (35%) compared with normal limbs (21%; p = 0.032). In the @entity291 , at least one great saphenous vein segment suitable for coronary artery bypass grafting is present in 70% of limbs with varicosities and in 89% of limbs with @entity8721 . CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound studies document that varicose veins are limited to accessory saphenous veins. Great saphenous vein conduits, identified by ultrasonography, are available in limbs with @entity6312 .

title: Selection of saphenous vein conduit in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectases']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['venous disease']

entities_list: @entity6312 :: ('MESH:D014648', 'Disease') :: ['varicose vein disease']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous telangiectases']

answer: @entity6312 :: (MESH:D014648,Disease) :: ['varicose vein disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: The present study was designed to develop a new periodontal risk assessment model based on the periodontal risk assessment (PRA) model by Lang and Tonetti, and to evaluate the risk assessment capability of the proposed model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six @entity1 diagnosed with @entity7278 were selected randomly and a thorough examination and charting of the periodontal status was performed. An intra-oral periapical radiograph of the area with the deepest probing depth was also taken. The following parameters were recorded: percentage of sites with @entity19537 , number of sites with pocket depths > or = 5mm, number of teeth lost, @entity604 /age ratio, @entity6730 /age ratio, @entity6 and smoking status, dental status, other systemic factors and risk determinants. Using Microsoft Excel, the parameters were plotted on the radar chart as per the original and the proposed model. RESULTS: Of the cases identified by the original model, 42.3% were high-risk cases and 30.8% of the cases were low-risk cases. In the proposed model, 46.2% of high-risk cases and 46.2% of low-risk cases were identified. Only 7.7% of the cases identified with the new model were moderate-risk cases. Statistical analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference between the risk scores of the two models. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that risk assessment by this model does not vary significantly as compared to the original model, and both are equally adept at detecting potential risk groups.

title: Evaluation of a novel periodontal risk assessment model in XXXX presenting for dental care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a newly developed composite stentless porcine aortic valve constructed from noncoronary leaflets of three porcine aortic valves. METHODS: Fresh porcine hearts with ascending aorta were obtained from a slaughterhouse. The porcine aortic roots with ascending aorta and anterior leaflet of mitral valve and partial ventricular septum were dissected out and were pressurized to maintain their natural anatomical shapes with the leaflets floating freely at zero-pressure. Three noncoronary leaflets fixed in 0.6% @entity3584 were carefully matched for size and symmetry to construct a novel composite stentless porcine aortic valve. The lower margin and outside of the valve was covered with a piece of @entity291 pericardium. The novel stentless valves were tested in vitro pulsatile flow to detect the effective orifice area (EOA) and mean pressure difference (DeltaP) of the valve compared with the stented @entity291 pericardial bioprostheses of the same size. Sixteen male juvenile @entity742 underwent implantation of the novel valves in the supra-annular position in under cardio-pulmonary bypass. The intraoperative and postoperative echocardiography and pathological specimen were given to evaluate the hemodynamic performance and observed in the respects of a long-term survival, function of valve and pathological specimen. RESULTS: Since novel valves had the unfavorable muscle-based right coronary leaflet characteristic of porcine valve removed it had larger EOA. Pulsatile flow testing indicated that the EOA of the 3 novel valves was (3.47 +/- 0.15), (3.69 +/- 0.11), and (3.92 +/- 0.18) cm2 respectively, all significantly greater than those of the stented @entity291 pericardial bioprosthesis [(2.00 +/- 0.16), (2.21 +/- 0.26), and (2.37 +/- 0.42) cm2 respectively] at each integral simulated cardiac output between 3 - 6 L/min (all P < 0.05), while the DeltaP levels of the novel valves were (2.35 +/- 0.41), (3.10 +/- 0.20), and (3.56 +/- 0.16) mm Hg respectively, all significantly lower than those of the stented @entity291 pericardial bioprosthesis [(4.98 +/- 0.46), (6.82 +/- 1.27), and (8.40 +/- 1.83) mm Hg respectively, all P < 0.05]. Twelve of the sixteen @entity742 survived after operation. Five of them had lived for more than 90 days, 3 more than 180 days, and 2 more than 360 days. The intra-operative echocardiographic analyses showed low DeltaP [(3.90 +/- 0.78) mm Hg] and no regurgitation in all @entity742 . After 15 to 360 days, all valves performed excellently. The @entity742 were postoperatively sacrificed in 5 d, 15 d, 45 d, 90 d, 180 d, or 300 d respectively. Necropsy revealed the valves had a low to mild level of calcification, without periprosthetic leakage and overgrowth of fibrous tissue. CONCLUSION: The newly developed composite stentless porcine aortic valves show excellent hemodynamic performance with lower transvalvular pressure gradient and are relatively easy to implant.

title: [Hemodynamic performance of newly developed composite stentless porcine aortic valve: in vitro testing and in vivo experiment with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of r @entity901 plus @entity1487 /leucovorin @entity460 (LV) combined with concurrent radiotherapy in the treatment of local advanced @entity356 . METHODS: 83 @entity1 with local advanced @entity356 were randomized into 2 groups. Group I (n = 40) underwent irradiation at the dose of 40 - 45 Gy 5 times a week on the @entity5 and the lymph nodes with the size > or = 10 mm in @entity851 , and receiving intravenous drip of @entity15114 85 mg/m2 for 2 h, intravenous injection of LV 200 mg/m2, and then intravenous injection of 5-fu 300 mg/m2, followed by continuous intravenous infusion of 5-fu 500 mg/m2, for 22 h, with 2 weeks as a cycle. Three cycles of chemotherapy were given during the radiotherapy. Then operative evaluation was conducted. Those resectable underwent operation and then 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Those un-resectable underwent continuous 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Group II (n = 43) received only chemotherapy. The treatment was repeated until disease progression or prohibitive @entity137 . RESULTS: 38 @entity1 were evaluated in Group I, the result showed complete remission (CR) in 4 @entity1 (10.5%), partial remission (PR) in 23(60.5%), no-change (NC) in 7(18.4%), @entity74 ( @entity74 ) in 5(13.2%), with the remission rate (RR) of 71% (27/40). 42 @entity1 were evaluated in Group II, the result showed CR in 3 @entity1 (7.14%), PR in 16(14.3%), NC in 13(30.9%), and @entity74 in 9(26.2%)with the RR of 45% (19/43). The resection rates of Groups I and II were 32.5% and 27.9% respectively (P = 0.649). The R0 resection rates of Groups I and II were 77.8% and 57.1% respectively (P = 0.161). The mean survival times of the resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 45 months and 28 months respectively, and the 2-year overall survival (OS) of the resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 65.8% and 56.3% respectively (P = 0.371). The mean survival times of the un-resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 14 months and 9 months respectively, and the 2-year OS rates of the un-resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 28.3% and 20.7% respectively (P = 0.017). The toxic and adverse effects included @entity1503 . There was no treatment-related @entity204 . CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy combined with concurrent chemotherapy may be an effective and well-tolerated regimen in @entity1 with advanced and metastatic @entity356 .

title: [Efficacy of @entity901 plus XXXX /leucovorin @entity460 combined with concurrent radiotherapy for local advanced @entity356 ].

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short axis']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal and hematological toxicity']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of r @entity901 plus @entity1487 /leucovorin @entity460 (LV) combined with concurrent radiotherapy in the treatment of local advanced @entity356 . METHODS: 83 @entity1 with local advanced @entity356 were randomized into 2 groups. Group I (n = 40) underwent irradiation at the dose of 40 - 45 Gy 5 times a week on the @entity5 and the lymph nodes with the size > or = 10 mm in @entity851 , and receiving intravenous drip of @entity15114 85 mg/m2 for 2 h, intravenous injection of LV 200 mg/m2, and then intravenous injection of 5-fu 300 mg/m2, followed by continuous intravenous infusion of 5-fu 500 mg/m2, for 22 h, with 2 weeks as a cycle. Three cycles of chemotherapy were given during the radiotherapy. Then operative evaluation was conducted. Those resectable underwent operation and then 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Those un-resectable underwent continuous 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Group II (n = 43) received only chemotherapy. The treatment was repeated until disease progression or prohibitive @entity137 . RESULTS: 38 @entity1 were evaluated in Group I, the result showed complete remission (CR) in 4 @entity1 (10.5%), partial remission (PR) in 23(60.5%), no-change (NC) in 7(18.4%), @entity74 ( @entity74 ) in 5(13.2%), with the remission rate (RR) of 71% (27/40). 42 @entity1 were evaluated in Group II, the result showed CR in 3 @entity1 (7.14%), PR in 16(14.3%), NC in 13(30.9%), and @entity74 in 9(26.2%)with the RR of 45% (19/43). The resection rates of Groups I and II were 32.5% and 27.9% respectively (P = 0.649). The R0 resection rates of Groups I and II were 77.8% and 57.1% respectively (P = 0.161). The mean survival times of the resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 45 months and 28 months respectively, and the 2-year overall survival (OS) of the resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 65.8% and 56.3% respectively (P = 0.371). The mean survival times of the un-resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 14 months and 9 months respectively, and the 2-year OS rates of the un-resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 28.3% and 20.7% respectively (P = 0.017). The toxic and adverse effects included @entity1503 . There was no treatment-related @entity204 . CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy combined with concurrent chemotherapy may be an effective and well-tolerated regimen in @entity1 with advanced and metastatic @entity356 .

title: [Efficacy of XXXX plus @entity1487 /leucovorin @entity460 combined with concurrent radiotherapy for local advanced @entity356 ].

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['oxaliplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of r @entity901 plus @entity1487 /leucovorin @entity460 (LV) combined with concurrent radiotherapy in the treatment of local advanced @entity356 . METHODS: 83 @entity1 with local advanced @entity356 were randomized into 2 groups. Group I (n = 40) underwent irradiation at the dose of 40 - 45 Gy 5 times a week on the @entity5 and the lymph nodes with the size > or = 10 mm in @entity851 , and receiving intravenous drip of @entity15114 85 mg/m2 for 2 h, intravenous injection of LV 200 mg/m2, and then intravenous injection of 5-fu 300 mg/m2, followed by continuous intravenous infusion of 5-fu 500 mg/m2, for 22 h, with 2 weeks as a cycle. Three cycles of chemotherapy were given during the radiotherapy. Then operative evaluation was conducted. Those resectable underwent operation and then 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Those un-resectable underwent continuous 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Group II (n = 43) received only chemotherapy. The treatment was repeated until disease progression or prohibitive @entity137 . RESULTS: 38 @entity1 were evaluated in Group I, the result showed complete remission (CR) in 4 @entity1 (10.5%), partial remission (PR) in 23(60.5%), no-change (NC) in 7(18.4%), @entity74 ( @entity74 ) in 5(13.2%), with the remission rate (RR) of 71% (27/40). 42 @entity1 were evaluated in Group II, the result showed CR in 3 @entity1 (7.14%), PR in 16(14.3%), NC in 13(30.9%), and @entity74 in 9(26.2%)with the RR of 45% (19/43). The resection rates of Groups I and II were 32.5% and 27.9% respectively (P = 0.649). The R0 resection rates of Groups I and II were 77.8% and 57.1% respectively (P = 0.161). The mean survival times of the resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 45 months and 28 months respectively, and the 2-year overall survival (OS) of the resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 65.8% and 56.3% respectively (P = 0.371). The mean survival times of the un-resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 14 months and 9 months respectively, and the 2-year OS rates of the un-resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 28.3% and 20.7% respectively (P = 0.017). The toxic and adverse effects included @entity1503 . There was no treatment-related @entity204 . CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy combined with concurrent chemotherapy may be an effective and well-tolerated regimen in @entity1 with advanced and metastatic @entity356 .

title: [Efficacy of @entity901 plus @entity1487 /leucovorin XXXX combined with concurrent radiotherapy for local advanced @entity356 ].

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of r @entity901 plus @entity1487 /leucovorin @entity460 (LV) combined with concurrent radiotherapy in the treatment of local advanced @entity356 . METHODS: 83 @entity1 with local advanced @entity356 were randomized into 2 groups. Group I (n = 40) underwent irradiation at the dose of 40 - 45 Gy 5 times a week on the @entity5 and the lymph nodes with the size > or = 10 mm in @entity851 , and receiving intravenous drip of @entity15114 85 mg/m2 for 2 h, intravenous injection of LV 200 mg/m2, and then intravenous injection of 5-fu 300 mg/m2, followed by continuous intravenous infusion of 5-fu 500 mg/m2, for 22 h, with 2 weeks as a cycle. Three cycles of chemotherapy were given during the radiotherapy. Then operative evaluation was conducted. Those resectable underwent operation and then 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Those un-resectable underwent continuous 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Group II (n = 43) received only chemotherapy. The treatment was repeated until disease progression or prohibitive @entity137 . RESULTS: 38 @entity1 were evaluated in Group I, the result showed complete remission (CR) in 4 @entity1 (10.5%), partial remission (PR) in 23(60.5%), no-change (NC) in 7(18.4%), @entity74 ( @entity74 ) in 5(13.2%), with the remission rate (RR) of 71% (27/40). 42 @entity1 were evaluated in Group II, the result showed CR in 3 @entity1 (7.14%), PR in 16(14.3%), NC in 13(30.9%), and @entity74 in 9(26.2%)with the RR of 45% (19/43). The resection rates of Groups I and II were 32.5% and 27.9% respectively (P = 0.649). The R0 resection rates of Groups I and II were 77.8% and 57.1% respectively (P = 0.161). The mean survival times of the resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 45 months and 28 months respectively, and the 2-year overall survival (OS) of the resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 65.8% and 56.3% respectively (P = 0.371). The mean survival times of the un-resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 14 months and 9 months respectively, and the 2-year OS rates of the un-resectable @entity1 in Groups I and II were 28.3% and 20.7% respectively (P = 0.017). The toxic and adverse effects included @entity1503 . There was no treatment-related @entity204 . CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy combined with concurrent chemotherapy may be an effective and well-tolerated regimen in @entity1 with advanced and metastatic @entity356 .

title: [Efficacy of @entity901 plus @entity1487 /leucovorin @entity460 combined with concurrent radiotherapy for local advanced XXXX ].

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because of their rarity, no prospective studies have been performed regarding @entity7667 . The optimal treatment regimen is unclear. In this study, the authors compared 4 therapies for local control (LC) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 with @entity7667 . METHODS: In 402 @entity1 with @entity7667 , outcomes were compared for @entity1 who underwent gross total resection alone (GTR) (n = 188), GTR plus radiotherapy (GTR + RT) (n = 21), subtotal resection alone (STR) (n = 113), and STR plus RT (STR + RT (n = 80). Age, sex, @entity5 site, and histologic grade also were investigated. Subgroup analyses were performed for both low-grade and high-grade @entity5 . RESULTS: The 10-year LC rates were 89% after GTR, 90% after GTR + RT, 52% after STR, and 65% after STR + RT (P < .001); and the 10-year @entity1349 rates were 95%, 95%, 62%, and 74%, respectively (P < .001). After STR, irradiation significantly improved LC (P = .004) but not @entity1349 (P = .22). After GTR, irradiation did not significantly improve LC (P = .23) or @entity1349 (P = .29). On multivariate analyses, LC and @entity1349 were associated with therapy and pathologic grade, and @entity1349 also was associated with @entity5 site. In @entity5 , STR + RT resulted in better LC (P = .016) but not better @entity1349 (P = .18); and, after GTR, LC (P = .28) and @entity1349 (P = 1.0) were not improved with postoperative radiotherapy. In high-grade @entity5 , STR + RT resulted in better LC (P = .016) but not better @entity1349 (P = .41); after GTR, LC (P = .56) and @entity1349 (P = .61) were not improved with irradiation. CONCLUSIONS: According to this review, GTR should be performed whenever safely possible and does not require postoperative irradiation. If only STR is achieved, then RT improves LC of both low-grade and high-grade @entity5 and, thus, should be considered seriously.

title: The role of postoperative radiotherapy for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7667 :: ('MESH:D018303', 'Disease') :: ['ganglioglioma', 'gangliogliomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'low-grade tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity7667 :: (MESH:D018303,Disease) :: ['gangliogliomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are numerous questions about the treatment of blunt @entity130 (BAI), including the management of small intimal tears, what injury characteristics are predictive of death from @entity397 , and which @entity1 actually need intervention. We used our experience in treating BAI during the past decade to create a classification scheme based on radiographic and clinical data and to provide clear treatment guidelines. METHODS: The records of @entity1 admitted with BAI from 1999 to 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. @entity1 with a radiographically or operatively confirmed diagnosis (echocardiogram, computed tomography, or angiography) of BAI were included. We created a classification system based on the presence or absence of an aortic external contour abnormality, defined as an alteration in the symmetric, round shape of the aorta: (1) intimal tear (IT)-absence of aortic external contour abnormality and intimal defect and/or @entity715 of <10 mm in length or width; (2) @entity1004 ( @entity1004 )-absence of aortic external contour abnormality and intimal defect and/or @entity715 of >= 10 mm in length or width; (3) @entity2849 -presence of aortic external contour abnormality and contained @entity397 ; (4) @entity397 -presence of aortic external contour abnormality and free contrast extravasation or hemothorax at thoracotomy. RESULTS: We identified 140 @entity1 with BAI. Most injuries were @entity2849 (71%) at the isthmus (70%), 16.4% had an IT, 5.7% had a @entity1004 , and 6.4% had a @entity397 . Survival rates by classification were IT, 87%; @entity1004 , 100%; @entity2849 , 76%; and @entity397 , 11% (one @entity1 ). Of the ITs, LIFs, and @entity2849 treated nonoperatively, none worsened, and 65% completely healed. No @entity1 with an IT or @entity1004 died. Most @entity1 with @entity397 lost vital signs before presentation or in the emergency department and did not survive. @entity551 before or at hospital presentation and size of the periaortic @entity1410 at the level of the aortic arch predicted likelihood of death from BAI. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of this new classification scheme, no @entity1 without an external aortic contour abnormality died of their BAI. ITs can be managed nonoperatively. BAI @entity1 with @entity397 will die, and resources could be prioritized elsewhere. Those with LIFs do well, and currently, most at our institution are treated with a stent graft. If a @entity2849 is going to @entity397 , it does so early. @entity1410 at the arch on computed tomography scan and @entity551 before or at arrival help to predict which @entity2849 need urgent repair.

title: A new classification scheme for treating blunt XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['LIF', 'large intimal flap']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptures', 'rupture']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['Hematoma', 'hematoma']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm', 'pseudoaneurysms']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['aortic injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['aortic injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review clinical and radiographic outcomes of perilunate dislocations and @entity174 treated with arthroscopic reduction and percutaneous fixation. METHODS: Twenty @entity1 who had an acute dorsal perilunate dislocation or @entity174 were treated with an arthroscopic technique at a median interval of 3.9 days from the time of injury. They were retrospectively reviewed at a mean follow-up of 31.2 months (range, 18 to 61 months). Range of motion and grip strength were measured. Radiographic evaluations included time to scaphoid union, measurement of radiologic parameters, and any development of @entity625 . Functional outcomes were determined by the modified Mayo wrist score; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire; and @entity1 -Rated Wrist Evaluation score. RESULTS: The flexion-extension motion arc and grip strength of the injured wrist averaged 79% and 78%, respectively, of the corresponding values for the contralateral wrists. The mean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score was 18, and the mean @entity1 -Rated Wrist Evaluation score was 30. According to modified Mayo wrist scores, overall functional outcomes were rated as excellent in 3 @entity1 , good in 8, fair in 7, and poor in 2. Nonunion developed in 2 @entity1 with a trans-scaphoid perilunate injury; 1 of the 2 underwent scaphoid excision and midcarpal fusion. On the basis of radiographic parameters, reduction obtained during the operation was maintained within normal ranges in 15 @entity1 . @entity625 had not developed in any @entity1 by the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that arthroscopic reduction with percutaneous fixation is a reliable minimally invasive surgical method for acute perilunate injuries in that it provides proper restoration and stable fixation of carpal alignment and results in satisfactory functional and radiologic outcomes on a midterm basis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic case series.

title: Arthroscopic reduction and percutaneous fixation of perilunate dislocations and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis', 'Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture-dislocations', 'fracture-dislocation']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture-dislocations']


abstract: @entity18639 ( @entity18640 ) is reportedly the causative agent of several animal @entity37767 and has etiologically been linked to @entity1 oesophageal and @entity96 in certain areas of South Africa and China. To study a possible relationship between exposure to @entity18640 and @entity1 @entity5 risk, the current status of @entity18640 contamination in food samples in Huaian and Fusui, where incidences of oesophageal and @entity96 are amongst the highest in China, was investigated. A total of 259 @entity4336 samples were collected from individual households in five villages of different townships in Huaian during December 2001 and December 2002, and in four villages of different townships in Fusui during May 2001 and May 2002. @entity4336 samples were also collected from individual households in two villages in Huantai, an area with low incidences of both @entity5 . Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and immunoaffinity-HPLC methods were used for @entity18640 analysis. In @entity4336 samples from Huaian, @entity18640 was detectable in 95.7% (112/117) of the samples, with an average of 2.84 mg kg-1 (range 0.1-25.5 mg kg-1). @entity18640 was detected in 83.0% (78/94) of the Fusui samples, with an average of 1.27 mg kg-1 (range 0.1-14.9 mg kg-1), and in 83.3% (40/48) of Huantai samples, with an average of 0.65 mg kg-1 ranging from 0.1 to 5.7 mg kg-1. The level of @entity18640 in @entity4336 samples from Huaian was significantly higher than from Huantai (P < 0.001). In addition, 47 of 112 (42.0%) positive Huaian samples had @entity18640 level greater than 2.0 mg kg-1, which was significantly higher than 10.0% (4/40) of Huantai samples (P < 0.001). Furthermore, variations were found between samples collected in different years and different villages. The high contamination rates of @entity18640 found in food from these areas, along with previous reports, suggest a possible contributing role of @entity18640 in @entity1 esophageal- and hepato- @entity105 .

title: @entity18639 contamination of home-grown @entity4336 in high-risk areas for esophageal and XXXX in China.

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity18639 :: ('MESH:C056933', 'Chemical') :: ['Fumonisin B1']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity37767 :: ('MESH:D015651', 'Disease') :: ['mycotoxicoses']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['liver cancer']


abstract: @entity18639 ( @entity18640 ) is reportedly the causative agent of several animal @entity37767 and has etiologically been linked to @entity1 oesophageal and @entity96 in certain areas of South Africa and China. To study a possible relationship between exposure to @entity18640 and @entity1 @entity5 risk, the current status of @entity18640 contamination in food samples in Huaian and Fusui, where incidences of oesophageal and @entity96 are amongst the highest in China, was investigated. A total of 259 @entity4336 samples were collected from individual households in five villages of different townships in Huaian during December 2001 and December 2002, and in four villages of different townships in Fusui during May 2001 and May 2002. @entity4336 samples were also collected from individual households in two villages in Huantai, an area with low incidences of both @entity5 . Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and immunoaffinity-HPLC methods were used for @entity18640 analysis. In @entity4336 samples from Huaian, @entity18640 was detectable in 95.7% (112/117) of the samples, with an average of 2.84 mg kg-1 (range 0.1-25.5 mg kg-1). @entity18640 was detected in 83.0% (78/94) of the Fusui samples, with an average of 1.27 mg kg-1 (range 0.1-14.9 mg kg-1), and in 83.3% (40/48) of Huantai samples, with an average of 0.65 mg kg-1 ranging from 0.1 to 5.7 mg kg-1. The level of @entity18640 in @entity4336 samples from Huaian was significantly higher than from Huantai (P < 0.001). In addition, 47 of 112 (42.0%) positive Huaian samples had @entity18640 level greater than 2.0 mg kg-1, which was significantly higher than 10.0% (4/40) of Huantai samples (P < 0.001). Furthermore, variations were found between samples collected in different years and different villages. The high contamination rates of @entity18640 found in food from these areas, along with previous reports, suggest a possible contributing role of @entity18640 in @entity1 esophageal- and hepato- @entity105 .

title: XXXX contamination of home-grown @entity4336 in high-risk areas for esophageal and @entity96 in China.

answer: @entity18639 :: (MESH:C056933,Chemical) :: ['Fumonisin B1']


abstract: @entity18639 ( @entity18640 ) is reportedly the causative agent of several animal @entity37767 and has etiologically been linked to @entity1 oesophageal and @entity96 in certain areas of South Africa and China. To study a possible relationship between exposure to @entity18640 and @entity1 @entity5 risk, the current status of @entity18640 contamination in food samples in Huaian and Fusui, where incidences of oesophageal and @entity96 are amongst the highest in China, was investigated. A total of 259 @entity4336 samples were collected from individual households in five villages of different townships in Huaian during December 2001 and December 2002, and in four villages of different townships in Fusui during May 2001 and May 2002. @entity4336 samples were also collected from individual households in two villages in Huantai, an area with low incidences of both @entity5 . Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and immunoaffinity-HPLC methods were used for @entity18640 analysis. In @entity4336 samples from Huaian, @entity18640 was detectable in 95.7% (112/117) of the samples, with an average of 2.84 mg kg-1 (range 0.1-25.5 mg kg-1). @entity18640 was detected in 83.0% (78/94) of the Fusui samples, with an average of 1.27 mg kg-1 (range 0.1-14.9 mg kg-1), and in 83.3% (40/48) of Huantai samples, with an average of 0.65 mg kg-1 ranging from 0.1 to 5.7 mg kg-1. The level of @entity18640 in @entity4336 samples from Huaian was significantly higher than from Huantai (P < 0.001). In addition, 47 of 112 (42.0%) positive Huaian samples had @entity18640 level greater than 2.0 mg kg-1, which was significantly higher than 10.0% (4/40) of Huantai samples (P < 0.001). Furthermore, variations were found between samples collected in different years and different villages. The high contamination rates of @entity18640 found in food from these areas, along with previous reports, suggest a possible contributing role of @entity18640 in @entity1 esophageal- and hepato- @entity105 .

title: @entity18639 contamination of home-grown XXXX in high-risk areas for esophageal and @entity96 in China.

answer: @entity4336 :: (381124,Species) :: ['corn']


abstract: PURPOSE: We designed a peer counseling program to improve sexual function, increase knowledge about reproductive health, and decrease menopausal symptoms and @entity249 -related distress for African American @entity0 survivors. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 were randomly assigned to immediate counseling or a 3-month waitlist. Three peer counselors conducted a 3-session intervention using a detailed workbook. Questionnaires at baseline, after the waitlist period, at posttreatment, and at 3-month follow-up assessed spirituality, sexual function, menopause symptoms, @entity147 , relationship satisfaction, fertility concerns, and knowledge about reproductive health and @entity0 . At the postcounseling assessment, @entity1 rated the workbook, their counselor, and the program. RESULTS: Of 93 @entity1 screened, 60 @entity1 (65%) enrolled in the study. @entity1 who completed counseling (80%; N = 48) had a mean age of 49 years (standard deviation [SD], 8 years) and a mean follow-up of 4.5 years (SD, 3.8 years) since @entity5 diagnosis. Almost all rated the workbook as very easy to understand (94%) and their counselor as very knowledgeable (96%) and very skillful (98%). Eighty-one percent rated the program as "very useful to me." Immediate counseling and waitlist groups did not differ at baseline in psychologic adjustment, nor did scores change during the waitlist period. Therefore, the groups were combined in analyzing outcomes. Knowledge of reproductive issues improved significantly from baseline to 3-month follow-up (P < .0001), as did @entity147 (P = .0047) and menopause symptoms (P = .0128). @entity250 @entity1 became less distressed (P = .0167). CONCLUSION: @entity1 valued the Sisters Peer Intervention in Reproductive Issues After Treatment program highly and found it relevant. The program had positive effects on knowledge and target symptoms.

title: Randomized trial of peer counseling on reproductive health in African American XXXX survivors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity147 :: ('MESH:D005316', 'Disease') :: ['emotional distress']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['Sexually dysfunctional']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: The incidence and multiplicity of grossly observed and microscopic lesions of the respiratory tract of A/J @entity19 exposed nose-only to mainstream smoke (50, 200, or 400 mg total particulate matter/m3 from 2R4F cigarettes) was compared to those of filtered air controls. Animals were necropsied at the end of exposure (5 mo) or following 4 or 7 mo of recovery. Lungs were visually inspected for @entity5 at all necropsies and examined histopathologically at 9 and 12 mo. At 5 mo no @entity5 were recorded. No significant elevations in @entity5 incidence or multiplicity were recorded although at 9 mo multiplicity was elevated in the mid-exposure group (0.90 versus 0.55 @entity5 per animal for controls). At 12 mo, multiplicity was increased over the 9-mo necropsy at all exposures except 200 mg/m3; however, there were no dose-related trends in multiplicity or incidence. Histopathological alterations included @entity1373 , @entity4648 , and @entity32 of the nose and larynx and proliferative lesions of the lungs. At 9 mo, the multiplicity of focal lung lesions was 1.4 per animal in controls but averaged 1.0 among smoke-exposed groups. There was an inverse relation (p < .059) between smoke concentration and the percentage of @entity75 at 9 mo. At 12 mo the high-exposure group had slightly increased multiplicity of 2.3 lesions compared with 1.6 among controls, while the percentage of hyperplasic lesions was similar between groups. Nose-only inhalation of mainstream @entity286 smoke resulted in chronic inflammatory changes of the respiratory tract yet failed to produce statistically significant changes in @entity5 incidence or multiplicity.

title: Histological alterations in male A/J @entity19 following nose-only exposure to XXXX smoke.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['metaplasia']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: The incidence and multiplicity of grossly observed and microscopic lesions of the respiratory tract of A/J @entity19 exposed nose-only to mainstream smoke (50, 200, or 400 mg total particulate matter/m3 from 2R4F cigarettes) was compared to those of filtered air controls. Animals were necropsied at the end of exposure (5 mo) or following 4 or 7 mo of recovery. Lungs were visually inspected for @entity5 at all necropsies and examined histopathologically at 9 and 12 mo. At 5 mo no @entity5 were recorded. No significant elevations in @entity5 incidence or multiplicity were recorded although at 9 mo multiplicity was elevated in the mid-exposure group (0.90 versus 0.55 @entity5 per animal for controls). At 12 mo, multiplicity was increased over the 9-mo necropsy at all exposures except 200 mg/m3; however, there were no dose-related trends in multiplicity or incidence. Histopathological alterations included @entity1373 , @entity4648 , and @entity32 of the nose and larynx and proliferative lesions of the lungs. At 9 mo, the multiplicity of focal lung lesions was 1.4 per animal in controls but averaged 1.0 among smoke-exposed groups. There was an inverse relation (p < .059) between smoke concentration and the percentage of @entity75 at 9 mo. At 12 mo the high-exposure group had slightly increased multiplicity of 2.3 lesions compared with 1.6 among controls, while the percentage of hyperplasic lesions was similar between groups. Nose-only inhalation of mainstream @entity286 smoke resulted in chronic inflammatory changes of the respiratory tract yet failed to produce statistically significant changes in @entity5 incidence or multiplicity.

title: Histological alterations in male A/J XXXX following nose-only exposure to @entity286 smoke.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Disordered discourse in cases of @entity195 of @entity195 (DAT) has mainly been described in conversation and picture description tasks. The referential communication task provides researchers and clinicians with new insights on the nature of these disorders. AIMS: To study to what extent @entity1 suffering from DAT can benefit from shared experience through trial repetition to achieve common reference. METHODS _ PROCEDURES: Thirteen @entity1 suffering from DAT at minimal or mild stage (MMSE score range = 18-27) were compared with 13 healthy elderly adults (64-86 years) in neuropsychological assessment of executive functions and in a referential communication paradigm. To study how the two partners achieve mutual understanding by progressively elaborating a common ground, the task was repeated three times. OUTCOMES _ RESULTS: @entity1 with DAT produced a larger number of words than control @entity1 and they benefited from the task repetition. However, they were less able to take into account previously shared information, used no definite referential expressions and were more idiosyncratic in their descriptions of the referent. This decline of communicative effectiveness was found not to relate closely to @entity51 . CONCLUSIONS: Collaborative exchanges allow healthy elderly @entity1 to ground reference in common experience. This process is severely disturbed in @entity1 with DAT, in relation to poor memory of preceding episodes or to other @entity73 .

title: Pragmatic skills in the early stages of XXXX : an analysis by means of a referential communication task.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Persons', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['executive deficits']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's type", 'senile dementia']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether @entity855 disodium ( @entity855 ) administration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is useful in anterior @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS: The study was a prospective, non-randomized, open-label trial. Primary PCI was successfully performed in 204 consecutive @entity1 with first anterior @entity583 . @entity855 at a mean dose of 117 microg/kg/min for 45 min on an average was infused intravenously during PCI in 100 @entity1 (Group 1). In the other 104 @entity1 , normal saline was administered (Group 2). ST-segment resolution (STR) was estimated 90 min after recanalization. The no-reflow ratio was measured 2 weeks later, using intravenous myocardial contrast echocardiography. @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ), LV regional wall motion (LVRWM), and LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) were measured 6 months later. RESULTS: Baseline @entity1 characteristics of the two groups were similar, including TIMI risk scores. Significant STR (> or =50% resolution compared to baseline) (66% versus 50%; Group 1 versus Group 2, p=0.02), no-reflow ratio (24% versus 34%, indicated by mean values, p=0.02), @entity1002 (61% versus 55%, p=0.0007), LVRWM (-1.56 versus -2.05, using the SD/chord, p=0.0001), and LVEDVI (60 ml/m(2) versus 71 ml/m(2), p=0.0007) were significantly better in Group 1, and the no-reflow ratio, @entity1002 , LVRWM and LVEDVI were significantly better in @entity855 -administered @entity1 , regardless of antecedent @entity951 or advanced age. @entity855 Administration was consistently identified as a significant determinant for STR, no-reflow ratio, @entity1002 , LVRWM, and LVEDVI. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous @entity855 administration during reperfusion is an independent determinant of STR and the no-reflow ratio, and @entity1002 , LVRWM, and LVEDVI at 6 months after primary PCI.

title: Exogenous XXXX disodium administration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention reduces no-reflow and preserves left ventricular function in @entity1 with @entity583 : a study using myocardial contrast echocardiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate', 'ATP']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular ejection fraction', 'LVEF']

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['adenosine triphosphate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether @entity855 disodium ( @entity855 ) administration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is useful in anterior @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS: The study was a prospective, non-randomized, open-label trial. Primary PCI was successfully performed in 204 consecutive @entity1 with first anterior @entity583 . @entity855 at a mean dose of 117 microg/kg/min for 45 min on an average was infused intravenously during PCI in 100 @entity1 (Group 1). In the other 104 @entity1 , normal saline was administered (Group 2). ST-segment resolution (STR) was estimated 90 min after recanalization. The no-reflow ratio was measured 2 weeks later, using intravenous myocardial contrast echocardiography. @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ), LV regional wall motion (LVRWM), and LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) were measured 6 months later. RESULTS: Baseline @entity1 characteristics of the two groups were similar, including TIMI risk scores. Significant STR (> or =50% resolution compared to baseline) (66% versus 50%; Group 1 versus Group 2, p=0.02), no-reflow ratio (24% versus 34%, indicated by mean values, p=0.02), @entity1002 (61% versus 55%, p=0.0007), LVRWM (-1.56 versus -2.05, using the SD/chord, p=0.0001), and LVEDVI (60 ml/m(2) versus 71 ml/m(2), p=0.0007) were significantly better in Group 1, and the no-reflow ratio, @entity1002 , LVRWM and LVEDVI were significantly better in @entity855 -administered @entity1 , regardless of antecedent @entity951 or advanced age. @entity855 Administration was consistently identified as a significant determinant for STR, no-reflow ratio, @entity1002 , LVRWM, and LVEDVI. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous @entity855 administration during reperfusion is an independent determinant of STR and the no-reflow ratio, and @entity1002 , LVRWM, and LVEDVI at 6 months after primary PCI.

title: Exogenous @entity855 disodium administration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention reduces no-reflow and preserves left ventricular function in @entity1 with XXXX : a study using myocardial contrast echocardiography.

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute anterior myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether @entity855 disodium ( @entity855 ) administration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is useful in anterior @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS: The study was a prospective, non-randomized, open-label trial. Primary PCI was successfully performed in 204 consecutive @entity1 with first anterior @entity583 . @entity855 at a mean dose of 117 microg/kg/min for 45 min on an average was infused intravenously during PCI in 100 @entity1 (Group 1). In the other 104 @entity1 , normal saline was administered (Group 2). ST-segment resolution (STR) was estimated 90 min after recanalization. The no-reflow ratio was measured 2 weeks later, using intravenous myocardial contrast echocardiography. @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ), LV regional wall motion (LVRWM), and LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) were measured 6 months later. RESULTS: Baseline @entity1 characteristics of the two groups were similar, including TIMI risk scores. Significant STR (> or =50% resolution compared to baseline) (66% versus 50%; Group 1 versus Group 2, p=0.02), no-reflow ratio (24% versus 34%, indicated by mean values, p=0.02), @entity1002 (61% versus 55%, p=0.0007), LVRWM (-1.56 versus -2.05, using the SD/chord, p=0.0001), and LVEDVI (60 ml/m(2) versus 71 ml/m(2), p=0.0007) were significantly better in Group 1, and the no-reflow ratio, @entity1002 , LVRWM and LVEDVI were significantly better in @entity855 -administered @entity1 , regardless of antecedent @entity951 or advanced age. @entity855 Administration was consistently identified as a significant determinant for STR, no-reflow ratio, @entity1002 , LVRWM, and LVEDVI. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous @entity855 administration during reperfusion is an independent determinant of STR and the no-reflow ratio, and @entity1002 , LVRWM, and LVEDVI at 6 months after primary PCI.

title: Exogenous @entity855 disodium administration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention reduces no-reflow and preserves left ventricular function in XXXX with @entity583 : a study using myocardial contrast echocardiography.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective was to test the application of barrier precautions and hospital organization during an @entity683 pandemic, in accordance with the national program of @entity683 pandemic training and the "Influenza addendum" of the hospital guidelines in case of a major disaster. METHOD: A practical exercise was performed on December 18th 2007 in two areas of high viral density and one of low viral density. This exercise involved all the @entity1 in these areas, without disturbing the normal care activity. RESULTS: Two hundred and forty-five @entity1 were evaluated. Seventy-five per cent of whom had been trained in the hospital. Hand hygiene complied with pre-established procedures in 32% of cases, was acceptable in 44%, and deficient in 24%. Surgical mask application was unacceptable in 21% of cases. These precautions were well accepted by 36% of the personnel, accepted by 54%, and a burden for 10%. The poor sealing capacity of mask FFP2 (national allocation), depending on facial features, its poor tolerance, the lack of water stations, and the presence of groups of @entity1 were all noted. CONCLUSION: This exercise was rated as satisfactory with a good participation. However, it revealed unexpected dysfunctions such as application of barrier precautions. Also, that the FFP2 mask was not suitable for all @entity1 , especially for @entity1 , a problem in case of a pandemic. Finally, this exercise should lead to corrective actions and to completing the various training sessions initiated in other institutions.

title: [Pandemic XXXX : training in the N  mes university hospital].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'children']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The intracellular redox state plays an important role in controlling @entity32 . Clinical and laboratory data suggest that @entity32 can lead to @entity5 progression. We hypothesized that restoring intracellular redox control would inhibit @entity32 and subsequently @entity5 progression. Our studies were designed to investigate the effect of @entity12837 (ALA), a naturally occurring antioxidant, on a key inflammatory signaling pathway and cell proliferation in normal and tumorigenic ovarian surface epithelial cells. METHODS: Normal and tumorigenic ovarian surface epithelial cells were isolated as described by Roby and coworkers [Roby KF, Taylor CC, @entity6223 , Cheng Y, Pace JL, Tawpik O, @entity1 DL, Smith PG, Terranova PF, Development of a syngeneic @entity19 model for events related to @entity43 . Carcinogen 2000;21 (4):585. [1]]. The effect of ALA on cellular function was measured in cell proliferation and apoptosis assays. @entity7919 ( @entity7919 ) protein levels were measured by Western analysis. Activation of NF-kappaB dependent transcription was assessed in cell cultures transiently transfected with NF-kappaB controlled reporter constructs. RESULTS: Our results reveal that ALA selectively inhibits the growth of tumorigenic as compared to non-tumorigenic ovarian surface epithelial cells. The growth inhibitory effect of ALA is not due to induction of apoptosis but instead is associated with an increase in the half-life of the @entity7919 . In parallel to the growth inhibitory effect, ALA also affects a key inflammatory signaling pathway by inhibiting @entity637 -induced NF-kappaB signaling activity. CONCLUSIONS: Our studies are the first to show that ALA treatment has a growth inhibitory effect on malignant surface epithelial cells of ovarian origin. We have also confirmed the reproducibility of the immunocompetent @entity19 @entity43 model originally described by Roby and coworkers [Roby KF, Taylor CC, @entity6223 , Cheng Y, Pace JL, Tawpik O, @entity1 DL, Smith PG, Terranova PF, Development of a syngeneic @entity19 model for events related to @entity43 . Carcinogen 2000;21 (4):585].

title: Alpha- XXXX modulates ovarian surface epithelial cell growth.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity7919 :: ('12576(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p27(kip1)', 'kip1', 'p27']

entities_list: @entity6223 :: ('MESH:D010520', 'Disease') :: ['Sweetwood JP']

entities_list: @entity12837 :: ('MESH:D008063', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-lipoic acid']

answer: @entity12837 :: (MESH:D008063,Chemical) :: ['lipoic acid']


abstract: We performed a retrospective, multicenter, open-label study to evaluate the efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in all @entity1 in the Czech Republic who have received this treatment for at least 5 years (n=90). The mean last follow-up was 6.6+/-1.1 years (79+/-13 months). The median number of @entity410 among all @entity1 decreased from 41.2 @entity410 /month in the prestimulation period to 14.9 @entity410 /month at 5 years follow-up visit. The mean percentage of @entity410 reduction was 55.9%. The responder rate in these @entity1 is in concordance with the decrease of overall @entity410 frequency. At 1 year after beginning the stimulation, 44.4% of @entity1 were responders; this percentage increased to 58.7% after 2 years. At the 5 years last follow-up 64.4% of @entity1 were responders, 15.5% experienced > or = 90% @entity410 reduction, and 5.5% were @entity410 -free. A separate analysis of @entity1 younger than 16 years of age showed lower efficacy rates of VNS in comparison to the whole group. Complications and chronic adverse effects occurred in 13.3% of @entity1 . VNS is an effective and safe method to @entity302 in common clinical practice.

title: Vagus nerve stimulation: longitudinal follow-up of XXXX treated for 5 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'seizure']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of enteroviruses in @entity198 is not fully established. OBJECTIVE: This study determined the role of enteroviruses in @entity198 in neonates, @entity1 and young @entity1 in Kuwait. STUDY DESIGN: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained from 147 @entity1 presenting with 'severe @entity198 ' (n=60), 'mild @entity198 ' (n=43), and @entity410 (n=44) over a 3.5-year period, were analyzed. Enteroviral RNA was detected by one-step reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay and specific enteroviruses were identified by sequencing a variable region of the enteroviral genome. RESULTS: Enteroviral RNA was detected in 29 of 103 (28%) samples obtained from @entity198 @entity1 but only in 8 of 44 (18%) samples from @entity1 with @entity410 . Echovirus type 9 (E9) was detected in 24 of 29 (83%) while E30 was found in 5 of 29 (17%) of enterovirus-positive @entity198 cases. Two of 8 (25%) cases of @entity410 were infected with E9. The E9 viral load was higher in @entity1 with 'severe @entity198 ' than in @entity1 with 'mild @entity198 ' or in @entity1 with @entity410 . All but one @entity198 case had a complete recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Enteroviruses, especially E9 are an important cause of @entity198 among neonates, @entity1 and young @entity1 in Kuwait.

title: Echovirus type 9 is an important cause of viral encephalitis among XXXX and young @entity1 in Kuwait.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['febrile seizures']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['enteroviral encephalitis', 'encephalitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of enteroviruses in @entity198 is not fully established. OBJECTIVE: This study determined the role of enteroviruses in @entity198 in neonates, @entity1 and young @entity1 in Kuwait. STUDY DESIGN: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained from 147 @entity1 presenting with 'severe @entity198 ' (n=60), 'mild @entity198 ' (n=43), and @entity410 (n=44) over a 3.5-year period, were analyzed. Enteroviral RNA was detected by one-step reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay and specific enteroviruses were identified by sequencing a variable region of the enteroviral genome. RESULTS: Enteroviral RNA was detected in 29 of 103 (28%) samples obtained from @entity198 @entity1 but only in 8 of 44 (18%) samples from @entity1 with @entity410 . Echovirus type 9 (E9) was detected in 24 of 29 (83%) while E30 was found in 5 of 29 (17%) of enterovirus-positive @entity198 cases. Two of 8 (25%) cases of @entity410 were infected with E9. The E9 viral load was higher in @entity1 with 'severe @entity198 ' than in @entity1 with 'mild @entity198 ' or in @entity1 with @entity410 . All but one @entity198 case had a complete recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Enteroviruses, especially E9 are an important cause of @entity198 among neonates, @entity1 and young @entity1 in Kuwait.

title: Echovirus type 9 is an important cause of viral encephalitis among @entity1 and young XXXX in Kuwait.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity9834 is a rare complication of biliary-enteric @entity254 . Classically, the distal bile duct becomes obstructed by food, stones, or debris after choledochoenterostomy. Endoscopic sphincterotomy has been recommended as the primary and definitive treatment modality. The aim of our study was to confirm the short and long term therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic treatment in a long follow-up period. METHODS: The series include 31 @entity1 with characteristic clinical illness after choledochoduodenostomy. All of them were successfully treated by endoscopic sphincterotomy and bile duct clearance with a balloon catheter or basket. The follow-up period ranged from 18 to 84 months (median: 51 months). RESULTS: Clinical improvement was immediate in all @entity1 . No complications were recorded. Recurrence of the syndrome, with restenosis of the sphincterotomy opening, was observed in six @entity1 (19%) and was treated successfully and safely with a new papillotomy. @entity9834 recurrence occurred 31-72 months (median: 58.5 months) after the initial treatment. CONCLUSIONS: We report a considerably high recurrence rate of @entity9834 after initially successful endoscopic management and its effective endoscopic treatment with a new papillotomy. We still believe that the primary therapeutic approach in @entity1 with @entity9834 should be endoscopic.

title: XXXX : endoscopic treatment and late recurrence.

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity9834 :: ('MESH:D017562', 'Disease') :: ['Sump syndrome', 'sump syndrome', 'Biliary sump syndrome']

answer: @entity9834 :: (MESH:D017562,Disease) :: ['Sump syndrome']


abstract: Inhibition of the @entity23902 kinase by small molecules is of great therapeutic interest for oncology and in understanding the cellular regulation of the G2/M checkpoint. We report how computational docking of a large electronic catalogue of compounds to an X-ray structure of the @entity23902 @entity855 -binding site allowed prioritisation of a small subset of these compounds for assay. This led to the discovery of 10 novel @entity23902 inhibitors, distributed among nine new and clearly different chemical scaffolds. Several of these scaffolds have promising lead-like properties. All these ligands act by competitive binding to the targeted @entity855 site. The crystal structures of four of these compounds bound to this site are presented, and reasonable modelled docking modes are suggested for the 5 other scaffolds. This structural context is used to assess the potential of these scaffolds for further medicinal chemistry efforts, suggesting that several of them could be elaborated to make additional interactions with the buried part of the @entity855 site. Some unusual interactions with the conserved kinase backbone motif are pointed out. The ligand-binding modes are also used to discuss their medicinal chemistry potential with respect to undesirable chemical functionalities, whether these functionalities bind directly to the protein or not. Overall, this work illustrates how virtual screening can identify a diverse set of ligands which bind to the targeted site. The structural models for these ligands in the @entity23902 @entity855 -binding site will facilitate further medicinal chemistry efforts targeting this kinase.

title: Identification of chemically diverse XXXX inhibitors by receptor-based virtual screening.

answer: @entity23902 :: (1111,Gene) :: ['Chk1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: With the advent of new antifungal agents, the identification of a causative pathogen is crucial to guide the antifungal treatment of @entity3 . However, tissue cultures often fail to grow a fungal pathogen in cases of suspected @entity281 . METHODS: In a prospective multicenter study, we compared the results of histopathological analysis, culture, and 2 seminested polymerase chain reaction assays identifying Aspergillus species and Zygomycetes as causative agents of @entity3 using respiratory tract biopsy samples obtained from 56 immunocompromised @entity1 who had suspected @entity281 . RESULTS: Mold hyphae were detected histopathologically in 27 (48%) of the tissue specimens. Hyphae corresponded to either @entity2381 (n=18) or @entity13296 (n=6) or could not be further specified (n=3). A mold was cultured from 14 of 18 samples with aspergillus hyphae, 2 of 6 samples with Zygomycetes hyphae, and 1 of 3 samples with unspecified hyphae. Polymerase chain reaction was superior to culture in detecting the infecting mold (26 of 27 samples vs. 17 of 27 samples, respectively; P=.006) from histopathologically positive samples. Genus or species identification by sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction products were in accordance with culture results in 16 of 18 culture-positive samples. Both polymerase chain reaction assays failed to detect fungal DNA in 1 sample that had unspecified hyphae and negative culture results. CONCLUSION: The PCR assays offer a reliable etiologic diagnosis that is superior to culture in @entity1 with proven @entity3 . This may improve @entity1 management through tailored antifungal therapy when cultures fail to grow a pathogen.

title: Comparison of histopathological analysis, culture, and polymerase chain reaction assays to detect XXXX from biopsy specimens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity13296 :: ('MESH:D020096', 'Disease') :: ['zygomycosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['mold infection']

entities_list: @entity2381 :: ('MESH:D001228', 'Disease') :: ['aspergillosis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive mold infections', 'invasive mold infection']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['invasive mold infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Synthetic mesh can increase the risk of complications if it is placed directly over viscera or if the site is contaminated. Therefore, the use of bioprosthetic materials has increased rapidly. Neither synthetic nor bioprosthetic mesh is ideal for reconstructing @entity1320 . Our method using an autogenous pedicled demucosalized small intestinal sheet may be an alternative. METHODS: Forty-one @entity1 with infected, complex abdominal wall defects, with a mean defect size of 108 cm(2), underwent abdominal wall reconstruction using an autogenous, pedicled, demucosalized small intestinal sheet between January 1970 and December 2006. All @entity1 had bowel and enterocutaneous fistulae in the defect. During operation, after resecting fistulae, the mucosa of the longitudinally split small intestine was scraped off with a scalpel to obtain an autogenous, pedicled, demucosalized small intestinal sheet, and then used to bridge the defect in the abdominal wall. A split thickness skin graft was then applied directly onto the demucosalized surface of the split bowel. RESULTS: The operative procedure was successful in @entity1 . The wounds between the intestinal sheets and abdominal walls healed spontaneously. Four @entity1 developed regeneration of intestinal mucosa in some of the "meshed" skin grafts at 4-5 days postoperatively. The follow-up evaluation was 24 months to 20 years. Abdominal wall herniation, @entity292 formation, or @entity1744 did not occur in these @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Autogenous, pedicled, demucosalized small intestinal sheets can be an effective method for reconstructing @entity1320 .

title: Reconstruction of XXXX with autogenous pedicled demucosalized small intestinal sheet.

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['infected complex abdominal wall defects']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity1320 :: (MESH:D059413,Disease) :: ['infected complex abdominal wall defects']


abstract: We have treated four prenatally diagnosed cases of extensive @entity2977 ( @entity2977 ) of the lung. The first case in 1982 was associated with severe fetal @entity4 . After thoracentesis at 31 weeks of gestation abruptio placentae occurred, and a female baby was delivered by cesarean section. She underwent a right lower lobectomy, but soon died. The second baby without @entity4 , diagnosed as having @entity2977 at 26 weeks of gestation, was followed conservatively until full term. After birth, it was necessary to treat the baby @entity1 with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), but he survived. The third baby with fetal @entity4 had an indwelling drainage catheter inserted into the @entity2977 at 27 weeks of gestation. The @entity4 subsided and the baby was delivered at 37 weeks of gestation. He was allowed to breathe spontaneously, but was intubated 16 hours after birth. A right lower lobectomy was successfully performed 24 hours after delivery. The fourth baby without fetal @entity4 was followed conservatively until delivery. He underwent left lower lobectomy successfully on the 4th day of life. Although management of prenatally diagnosed @entity2977 varies among @entity1 , insertion of an indwelling catheter into the cyst appears to be the treatment of choice if indicated; the catheter can be maintained for as long as 10 weeks, as shown in Case 3. Cases of @entity2977 without fetal @entity4 should also be treated carefully, because persistent fetal circulation may occur postnatally.

title: Management of prenatally diagnosed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hydrops']

entities_list: @entity2977 :: ('MESH:D015615', 'Disease') :: ['congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation', 'CCAM']

answer: @entity2977 :: (MESH:D015615,Disease) :: ['congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung']