abstract: OBJECTIVES: The computer-assisted version of a self-triage tool (ca-ISET) for an ophthalmic @entity341 ( @entity341 ) was developed to increase the validity of the triage procedure when trained @entity341 staff is absent. METHODS: We tested whether sensitivity, specificity, Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and Positive Predictive Value ( @entity2286 ) of the ca-ISET deviated from regular triage. @entity1 >= 18 years visiting the @entity341 of the Rotterdam Eye Hospital in the Netherlands were invited to participate in this prospective study. This @entity341 focuses on eye-related problems. @entity1 recruitment was carried out during working hours. The ca-ISET is a touch operated software application and the algorithm of the triage is based in the Manchester triage system. For all @entity1 three triage scores were determined by (1) the @entity1 using the ca-ISET; (2) triage by a regular, trained triage assistant and (3) triage by one physician who was specially trained in ophthalmic triage. The diagnosis of the physician was chosen as the reference standard to define criterion validity. The order of triage administration was alternated per @entity1 . Only cases with triage scores from the two triage systems and the reference standard were included. The outcome variables, four triage colours, were transformed into a binary score: high urgent and low urgent. The difference between the ca-ISET and regular triage in terms of sensitivity, specificity, NPV and @entity2286 was tested by Z-scores. RESULTS: Of 247 eligible @entity1 , data was elicited from 189 @entity1 (average age 54 years, range 18-89). The sensitivity of the ca-ISET (0.89, CI: 0.75-0.96) did not differ from the sensitivity of the regular triage (0.69, CI: 0.53-0.82, Z=1.74, p=0.08). The ca-ISET was less specific (0.78, CI: 0.71-0.84) than the regular triage (0.92, CI=0.86-0.95, Z=3.04, p=0.00). We found no significant difference between the ca-ISET and regular triage for @entity2286 (Z=0.19, p=0.85) and NPV (Z=0.03, p=0.98). CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity, @entity2286 and NPV of the ca-ISET does not differ from the sensitivity of the regular triage, while the ca-ISET retained a reasonable level of specificity. Therefore the ca-ISET can be recommended as a tool for ophthalmic emergency departments, and could be used when trained @entity341 staff is absent.

title: Criterion validity of a computer-assisted instrument of self-triage (ca-ISET) compared to the validity of regular triage in an ophthalmic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'participant', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity4512 has been found to co-occur with psychosocial job stress. However, different conceptualizations of job stress exist, each emphasizing different aspects of the work environment, and it is unknown which of these aspects show the strongest associations with @entity4512 . Further, these associations may differ for white-collar vs. blue-collar job types, but this has not been tested. The present study examined the independent and combined contributions of Effort-RewardImbalance (ERI), Job-Demand-Control (JDC) and Organizational Justice (OJ) to @entity4512 symptoms among white- and blue-collar workers. METHODS: @entity1 of a cross-sectional study (n=1634) completed validated questionnaires measuring ERI, JDC, and OJ, and reported the frequency of @entity158 during the previous year at four anatomical locations (lower back, neck or shoulder, arms and hands, and knees/feet). @entity158 reports were summarized into a single @entity85 ( @entity85 ). Analyses were stratified for white- and blue-collar workers. RESULTS: Among white-collar workers, ERI and OJ were independently associated with @entity85 . In addition to these additive effects, significant 2-way and 3-way interactions indicated a synergistic effect of job stressors in relation to reported @entity158 . In blue-collar workers, ERI and JDC independently associated with @entity85 , and a significant 3-way interaction was observed showing that the combination of job stressors exceeded an additive effect. CONCLUSION: ERI influences @entity158 symptoms in both occupational groups. OJ was independent significant predictor only among white-collar workers, whereas JDC had additive predictive utility exclusively among blue-collar workers. Simultaneous exposure to multiple job stress factors appeared to synergize @entity158 symptom reporting.

title: Three job stress models and their relationship with XXXX in blue- and white-collar workers.

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['Musculoskeletal pain', 'musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal symptom score', 'MSS']

answer: @entity4512 :: (MESH:D059352,Disease) :: ['musculoskeletal pain']


abstract: To date limited data are available to predict the progression to end-stage @entity712 ( @entity712 ) with subsequent @entity204 (non- @entity1164 ), need for heart transplantation, or @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ) in @entity1 with @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ). We aimed to determine predictors of long-term outcome in @entity1 with @entity1121 . A total of 112 @entity1 (median 14.1, IQR 7.8-16.6  years) were followed up for the median of 6.5  years for the development of morbidity and mortality, including arrhythmic and @entity712 -related secondary end points. @entity712 end point included @entity712 or heart transplant, and arrhythmic end point included resuscitated @entity1167 , appropriate @entity1479 discharge, or @entity1164 . Overall, 23 (21  %) @entity1 reached the pre-defined composite primary end point. At 10-year follow-up, the event-free survival rate was 76  %. Thirteen @entity1 (12  %) reached the secondary arrhythmic end point, and 10 @entity1 (9  %) reached the secondary @entity712 end point. In multivariate model, prior @entity1167 (r  =  0.658), @entity1480 (r  =  0.262), and NSVT (r  =  0.217) were independent predictors of the arrhythmic secondary end point, while @entity712 (r  =  0.440), LV posterior wall thickness (r  =  0.258), LA size (r  =  0.389), and decreased early transmitral flow velocity (r  =  0.202) were all independent predictors of the secondary @entity712 end point. There are differences in the risk factors for @entity1164 and for @entity712 in childhood @entity1121 . Only prior @entity1167 , @entity1480 , and NSVT predicted arrhythmic outcome in @entity1 aged <18  years. LA size, LV posterior wall thickness, and decreased early transmitral flow velocity were strong independent predictors of @entity712 -related events.

title: Predictors of Long-Term Outcome in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'HF-related death', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1480 :: ('MESH:C563184', 'Disease') :: ['QTc dispersion']

answer: @entity1121 :: (MESH:D002312,Disease) :: ['Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy']


abstract: To date limited data are available to predict the progression to end-stage @entity712 ( @entity712 ) with subsequent @entity204 (non- @entity1164 ), need for heart transplantation, or @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ) in @entity1 with @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ). We aimed to determine predictors of long-term outcome in @entity1 with @entity1121 . A total of 112 @entity1 (median 14.1, IQR 7.8-16.6  years) were followed up for the median of 6.5  years for the development of morbidity and mortality, including arrhythmic and @entity712 -related secondary end points. @entity712 end point included @entity712 or heart transplant, and arrhythmic end point included resuscitated @entity1167 , appropriate @entity1479 discharge, or @entity1164 . Overall, 23 (21  %) @entity1 reached the pre-defined composite primary end point. At 10-year follow-up, the event-free survival rate was 76  %. Thirteen @entity1 (12  %) reached the secondary arrhythmic end point, and 10 @entity1 (9  %) reached the secondary @entity712 end point. In multivariate model, prior @entity1167 (r  =  0.658), @entity1480 (r  =  0.262), and NSVT (r  =  0.217) were independent predictors of the arrhythmic secondary end point, while @entity712 (r  =  0.440), LV posterior wall thickness (r  =  0.258), LA size (r  =  0.389), and decreased early transmitral flow velocity (r  =  0.202) were all independent predictors of the secondary @entity712 end point. There are differences in the risk factors for @entity1164 and for @entity712 in childhood @entity1121 . Only prior @entity1167 , @entity1480 , and NSVT predicted arrhythmic outcome in @entity1 aged <18  years. LA size, LV posterior wall thickness, and decreased early transmitral flow velocity were strong independent predictors of @entity712 -related events.

title: Predictors of Long-Term Outcome in XXXX with @entity1121 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity731 is one of the main risk factors cause @entity697 . It's of great significance to establish an @entity731 animal model that can mimic the characteristics and nature course of @entity1 @entity1 . Therefore, a @entity2608 model was induced by high-fat diet to monitor their lipid profile and @entity121 ( @entity121 ) of artery walls and study @entity731 progression. METHODS: Fifty male @entity2608 were enrolled in this study. All of these monkeys were aged 7 to 14 years with BMI >30 kg/m2. They were fed with high-fat diet containing 10% of fat for the first 48 weeks. Use ultrasound to measure the @entity121 at bilateral common carotid arteries and their bifurcations and aorta (AO) of the monkeys, and screen out the individuals with thickened @entity121 for the next phase. In the next 48 weeks, some of these monkeys (n = 4) were fed with standard diet containing 3% fat. Meanwhile the other monkeys (n = 5) were fed with high-fat diet for another 48 weeks. Their serum lipid level was monitored and arterial @entity121 was also determined periodically. RESULTS: Serum lipid level of all 50 monkeys elevated after fed with high-fat diet for the first 48 weeks. @entity121 thickening at right common carotid bifurcation and aorta (AO) was thickened in 9 monkeys. Furthermore, 4 of these 9 monkeys were fed with standard diet and other 5 monkeys were fed with high-fat diet in the following 48 weeks. The serum lipid level of the 4 monkeys recovered and their @entity121 at RBIF and AO did not progress. However, the lipid level of other 5 monkeys remained high, and their @entity121 thickening of AO progressed, and plaques and @entity730 focuses were found at the anterior wall of aorta near the bifurcation of common iliac artery. CONCLUSIONS: After high-fat diet induction for 96 weeks, serum lipid levels of @entity2608 elevated significantly, which subsequently caused @entity121 thickening and plaques formation. When @entity121 thickening occurred, further @entity1317 may be prevented by reducing diet fat content. Our study indicates that @entity1317 of high-fat diet induced @entity2608 is similar to that of @entity1 in position and progression.

title: Establishment and ultrasound characteristics of XXXX in @entity2608 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute cerebral-cardio vascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkey', 'rhesus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity731 is one of the main risk factors cause @entity697 . It's of great significance to establish an @entity731 animal model that can mimic the characteristics and nature course of @entity1 @entity1 . Therefore, a @entity2608 model was induced by high-fat diet to monitor their lipid profile and @entity121 ( @entity121 ) of artery walls and study @entity731 progression. METHODS: Fifty male @entity2608 were enrolled in this study. All of these monkeys were aged 7 to 14 years with BMI >30 kg/m2. They were fed with high-fat diet containing 10% of fat for the first 48 weeks. Use ultrasound to measure the @entity121 at bilateral common carotid arteries and their bifurcations and aorta (AO) of the monkeys, and screen out the individuals with thickened @entity121 for the next phase. In the next 48 weeks, some of these monkeys (n = 4) were fed with standard diet containing 3% fat. Meanwhile the other monkeys (n = 5) were fed with high-fat diet for another 48 weeks. Their serum lipid level was monitored and arterial @entity121 was also determined periodically. RESULTS: Serum lipid level of all 50 monkeys elevated after fed with high-fat diet for the first 48 weeks. @entity121 thickening at right common carotid bifurcation and aorta (AO) was thickened in 9 monkeys. Furthermore, 4 of these 9 monkeys were fed with standard diet and other 5 monkeys were fed with high-fat diet in the following 48 weeks. The serum lipid level of the 4 monkeys recovered and their @entity121 at RBIF and AO did not progress. However, the lipid level of other 5 monkeys remained high, and their @entity121 thickening of AO progressed, and plaques and @entity730 focuses were found at the anterior wall of aorta near the bifurcation of common iliac artery. CONCLUSIONS: After high-fat diet induction for 96 weeks, serum lipid levels of @entity2608 elevated significantly, which subsequently caused @entity121 thickening and plaques formation. When @entity121 thickening occurred, further @entity1317 may be prevented by reducing diet fat content. Our study indicates that @entity1317 of high-fat diet induced @entity2608 is similar to that of @entity1 in position and progression.

title: Establishment and ultrasound characteristics of @entity731 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2608 :: (9544,Species) :: ['rhesus monkey']


abstract: The importance of metals in normal and pathologic cardiovascular function has been recognized. Significant derangements in myocardial @entity141 , @entity1025 , and @entity8863 have been reported in @entity3697 . We studied 3 groups of hearts: 1) fifteen specimens obtained from @entity1 who had no @entity299 , 2) nine specimens from @entity1 who had expired from @entity299 , and 3) ten specimens from @entity1 who had expired from @entity6331 with @entity2401 and severe @entity712 . None of the @entity1 had undergone cardiac surgery. Left ventricular lateral wall @entity1025 , @entity141 , @entity8863 , and @entity8862 contents were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed a significant decrease in myocardial @entity1025 (Group I 177.06 +/- 32.71; Group II 155.66 +/- 14.79; Group III 149.00 +/- 13.29, p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively), and @entity8863 contents (Group I 3.22 +/- 0.37; Group II 2.94 +/- 0.22; Group III 2.56 +/- 0.32, p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.001, respectively), and a rise in myocardial @entity141 content (Group I 36.06 +/- 10.72; Group II 43.22 +/- 7.01; Group III 46.30 +/- 4.85, p = not significant, and p less than 0.01, respectively). The myocardial @entity8862 content did not change significantly (Group I 26.53 +/- 3.99; Group II 26.00 +/- 4.15; Group III 26.40 +/- 3.53). The myocardial @entity1025 / @entity141 ratio was reduced markedly in both groups (Group I 5.328 +/- 1.879; Group II 3.685 +/- 0.735; Group III 3.135 +/- 0.291, p less than 0.001 for both Groups II and III vs Group I). The latter results correlated closely with the myocardial @entity1025 / @entity141 ratios reported in experimental models in peri- @entity1188 zones. Thus, the myocardium of @entity1 who had expired from @entity299 and @entity22293 is jeopardized by @entity63 , with metal contents similar to the border areas in @entity583 .

title: Myocardial metal content in @entity1 who expired from XXXX and @entity6331 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6331 :: ('MESH:D012214', 'Disease') :: ['acute rheumatic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease', 'cyanotic congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity3697 :: ('MESH:D006335', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart injury']

entities_list: @entity22293 :: ('MESH:C538407', 'Disease') :: ['acute rheumatic carditis']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cyanotic congenital heart disease']


abstract: The importance of metals in normal and pathologic cardiovascular function has been recognized. Significant derangements in myocardial @entity141 , @entity1025 , and @entity8863 have been reported in @entity3697 . We studied 3 groups of hearts: 1) fifteen specimens obtained from @entity1 who had no @entity299 , 2) nine specimens from @entity1 who had expired from @entity299 , and 3) ten specimens from @entity1 who had expired from @entity6331 with @entity2401 and severe @entity712 . None of the @entity1 had undergone cardiac surgery. Left ventricular lateral wall @entity1025 , @entity141 , @entity8863 , and @entity8862 contents were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed a significant decrease in myocardial @entity1025 (Group I 177.06 +/- 32.71; Group II 155.66 +/- 14.79; Group III 149.00 +/- 13.29, p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively), and @entity8863 contents (Group I 3.22 +/- 0.37; Group II 2.94 +/- 0.22; Group III 2.56 +/- 0.32, p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.001, respectively), and a rise in myocardial @entity141 content (Group I 36.06 +/- 10.72; Group II 43.22 +/- 7.01; Group III 46.30 +/- 4.85, p = not significant, and p less than 0.01, respectively). The myocardial @entity8862 content did not change significantly (Group I 26.53 +/- 3.99; Group II 26.00 +/- 4.15; Group III 26.40 +/- 3.53). The myocardial @entity1025 / @entity141 ratio was reduced markedly in both groups (Group I 5.328 +/- 1.879; Group II 3.685 +/- 0.735; Group III 3.135 +/- 0.291, p less than 0.001 for both Groups II and III vs Group I). The latter results correlated closely with the myocardial @entity1025 / @entity141 ratios reported in experimental models in peri- @entity1188 zones. Thus, the myocardium of @entity1 who had expired from @entity299 and @entity22293 is jeopardized by @entity63 , with metal contents similar to the border areas in @entity583 .

title: Myocardial metal content in @entity1 who expired from @entity299 and XXXX .

answer: @entity6331 :: (MESH:D012214,Disease) :: ['acute rheumatic heart disease']


abstract: The importance of metals in normal and pathologic cardiovascular function has been recognized. Significant derangements in myocardial @entity141 , @entity1025 , and @entity8863 have been reported in @entity3697 . We studied 3 groups of hearts: 1) fifteen specimens obtained from @entity1 who had no @entity299 , 2) nine specimens from @entity1 who had expired from @entity299 , and 3) ten specimens from @entity1 who had expired from @entity6331 with @entity2401 and severe @entity712 . None of the @entity1 had undergone cardiac surgery. Left ventricular lateral wall @entity1025 , @entity141 , @entity8863 , and @entity8862 contents were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed a significant decrease in myocardial @entity1025 (Group I 177.06 +/- 32.71; Group II 155.66 +/- 14.79; Group III 149.00 +/- 13.29, p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively), and @entity8863 contents (Group I 3.22 +/- 0.37; Group II 2.94 +/- 0.22; Group III 2.56 +/- 0.32, p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.001, respectively), and a rise in myocardial @entity141 content (Group I 36.06 +/- 10.72; Group II 43.22 +/- 7.01; Group III 46.30 +/- 4.85, p = not significant, and p less than 0.01, respectively). The myocardial @entity8862 content did not change significantly (Group I 26.53 +/- 3.99; Group II 26.00 +/- 4.15; Group III 26.40 +/- 3.53). The myocardial @entity1025 / @entity141 ratio was reduced markedly in both groups (Group I 5.328 +/- 1.879; Group II 3.685 +/- 0.735; Group III 3.135 +/- 0.291, p less than 0.001 for both Groups II and III vs Group I). The latter results correlated closely with the myocardial @entity1025 / @entity141 ratios reported in experimental models in peri- @entity1188 zones. Thus, the myocardium of @entity1 who had expired from @entity299 and @entity22293 is jeopardized by @entity63 , with metal contents similar to the border areas in @entity583 .

title: Myocardial metal content in XXXX who expired from @entity299 and @entity6331 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity130 is a devastating injury that results in a number of pathological alterations in almost every system in the body. @entity2495 , muscle wasting, @entity308 immunity, and @entity73 are all clinical features of burns. Failure to address each of these specific pathological alterations can lead to increased mortality. Nutrition supplementation has been recommended as a therapeutic tool to help attenuate the @entity2495 and devastating catabolism evident following burn. Despite the wide consensus on the need of nutrition supplementation in burn @entity1 , controversy exists with regard to the type and amount of nutrition recommended. Nutrition alone is also not enough in these @entity1 to halt and reverse some of the damage done by the catabolic pathways activated following severe @entity130 . This has led to the use of anabolic pharmacologic agents in conjunction with nutrition to help improve @entity1 outcome following @entity130 . In this review, we examine the relevant literature on nutrition after @entity130 and its contribution to the attenuation of the postburn @entity2495 response, @entity73 , and suppressed immunological responses. We also review the commonly used anabolic agents clinically in the care of burn @entity1 . Finally, we provide nutrition and pharmacological recommendations gained from prospective trials, retrospective analyses, and expert opinions based on our practice at the Ross Tilley Burn Center in Toronto, Canada.

title: Nutrition and anabolic pharmacotherapies in the care of burn XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired wound healing']

entities_list: @entity2495 :: ('MESH:C565498', 'Disease') :: ['hypermetabolic', 'Hypermetabolism', 'hypermetabolism']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Thermal injury', 'burn injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Compare conspicuity of @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) to benign @entity730 on unenhanced (bCT), contrast-enhanced dedicated breast CT (CEbCT) and mammography ( @entity3918 ). METHODS AND MATERIALS: The institutional review board approved this HIPAA-compliant study. 42 @entity1 with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 4 or 5 category micro- @entity730 had breast CT before biopsy. Three subjects with invasive disease at surgery were excluded. Two breast radiologists independently compared lesion conspicuity scores (CS) for CEbCT, to bCT and @entity3918 . Enhancement was measured in Hounsfield units (HU). Mean CS  standard deviations are shown. Receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC) measured radiologists' discrimination performance by comparing CS to enhancement alone. Statistical measurements were made using ANOVA F-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test and robust linear regression analyses. RESULTS: 39 lesions (17 @entity3821 , 22 benign) were analyzed. @entity3821 (8.5  0.9, n=17) was more conspicuous than benign micro- @entity730 (3.6  2.9, n=22; p<0.0001) on CEbCT. @entity3821 was equally conspicuous on CEbCT and @entity3918 (8.5  0.9, 8.7  0.8, n=17; p=0.85) and more conspicuous when compared to bCT (5.3  2.6, n=17; p<0.001). All @entity3821 enhanced; mean enhancement (90HU  53HU, n=17) was higher compared to benign lesions (33  30HU, n=22) (p<0.0001). ROC analysis of the radiologists' CS showed high discrimination performance (AUC=0.94) compared to enhancement alone (AUC=0.85) (p<0.026). CONCLUSION: @entity3821 is more conspicuous than benign micro- @entity730 on CEbCT. @entity3821 visualization on CEbCT is equal to mammography but improved compared to bCT. Radiologists' discrimination performance using CEBCT is significantly higher than enhancement values alone. CEbCT may have an advantage over mammography by reducing false positive examinations when @entity730 are analyzed.

title: Differentiation of ductal carcinoma in-situ from benign micro- XXXX by dedicated breast computed tomography.

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcifications']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma in-situ', 'DCIS']

answer: @entity730 :: (MESH:D002114,Disease) :: ['calcifications']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To provide an epidemiological framework of symptoms related to Foreign Body (FB) injuries due to Button Battery (BB). METHODS: Data on BB ingestion/inhalation have been obtained from the ButtonBatteryDB. The ButtonBatteryDB is a database collecting information on @entity130 in @entity1 (0-18 years of age). Data on 348 BB injures have been derived from the Registry of Foreign Body Injuries "Susy Safe" (269 cases) and from published scientific literature reporting case reports of @entity130 (79 cases). RESULTS: Most of injured @entity1 were male and BBs were found more often in the mouth/esophagus/stomach (ICD935) and in the nose (ICD932). Analyzing symptoms related to BB located in the esophagus/mouth/stomach, we found that @entity1 had higher probability of experiencing @entity1282 (30.19%, 95% C.I. 17.83-42.55), @entity221 and cough (26.42%, 95% C.I. 14.55-38.28), compared to the other symptoms. Referring to the probability that symptoms occurred simultaneously, @entity221 and cough are more likely (3.72%, 95% C.I. 1.0-6-43) to jointly showing up in @entity1 with BB in mouth/esophagus/stomach (ICD935), followed by @entity221 and @entity1282 (2.66%, 95% C.I. 0.36-4.96) and by @entity221 and @entity146 /crying, @entity221 and drooling, @entity1282 and @entity146 /crying (2.13% C.I. 0.00-4.19, 95% C.I.) CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide new insight in clinical presentation of @entity130 : the identification of unique patterns of symptoms related to @entity130 is useful to perform an early diagnosis (and to guarantee a prompt medical reaction), also when the injury is un-witnessed.

title: Symptoms associated with button batteries injuries in XXXX : An epidemiological review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['FB injuries', 'BB injuries']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To examine the associations of @entity65 risk factors (CVDRF) with wealth, defined by the asset index, in 25- to 74-year-old black Africans in Cape Town. METHODS: Assets, including consumer durable goods, and CVDRF were determined in a randomly selected cross-sectional sample. A principal component analysis of the pooled data, based on assets that defined wealth, was used to develop an asset index. Ordinal logistic regression analyses assessed the independent associations of CVDRF with wealth tertiles. RESULTS: Among the 1099 @entity1 , the least poor compared with the poorest tertile had significantly higher prevalence of @entity6 (16.3 versus 9.6%), hypercholesterolaemia (33.9 versus 21.4%), @entity28 (45.4 versus 26.3%) and fat intake >= 30% of diet (44.2 versus 29.3%). Daily smoking was highest in the poorest (35.8%) versus the least poor (26.4%). Psychosocial stress (low sense of coherence or locus of control) was significantly higher in poorer @entity1 . In the regression analyses, wealth was associated with male gender [odds ratio (OR): 1.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37-2.60], urbanization (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.02), high fat intake, @entity28 and hypercholesterolaemia. Daily smoking, problematic @entity285 use (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.52-0.94) and psychosocial stress were inversely related to wealth. CONCLUSIONS: Differential distribution of CVDRF by wealth mandates incorporating equity components when developing tailored interventions.

title: Differential associations of XXXX risk factors with relative wealth in urban-dwelling South Africans.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1184 is common among @entity1 , but it can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Among the well-known complications are @entity27 , @entity851 , @entity3618 , and @entity101 . One complication of @entity1184 that has not been previously reported in the English-language literature is transient @entity12661 . We describe such a case, which occurred in a 6-year-old @entity1 who presented with a @entity1018 and subsequent unconsciousness. He had experienced @entity2944 and was resuscitated via endotracheal tube ventilation. Laboratory and radiologic assessments found no pathology except for extremely enlarged adenoid tissue. Once the @entity1 was stabilized, an urgent adenotonsillectomy was performed. The @entity1 recovered well, and his vision and respiratory symptoms resolved. Severe @entity1184 of the adenoid tissue can cause @entity2944 and @entity520 secondary to upper @entity1224 . The possibility of @entity1184 and @entity2944 should be kept in mind in cases of transient @entity12661 . Aggressive treatment, including early intubation and adenoidectomy, may lead to a rapid resolution of symptoms.

title: A case of transient XXXX associated with @entity2944 as a result of extremely enlarged adenoid tissue.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['sudden loss of vision']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['Adenotonsillar hypertrophy', 'adenotonsillar hypertrophy', 'hypertrophy', 'adenoid hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3618 :: ('MESH:D011660', 'Disease') :: ['cor pulmonale']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity12661 :: ('MESH:D019575', 'Disease') :: ['cortical blindness']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity12661 :: (MESH:D019575,Disease) :: ['cortical blindness']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1184 is common among @entity1 , but it can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Among the well-known complications are @entity27 , @entity851 , @entity3618 , and @entity101 . One complication of @entity1184 that has not been previously reported in the English-language literature is transient @entity12661 . We describe such a case, which occurred in a 6-year-old @entity1 who presented with a @entity1018 and subsequent unconsciousness. He had experienced @entity2944 and was resuscitated via endotracheal tube ventilation. Laboratory and radiologic assessments found no pathology except for extremely enlarged adenoid tissue. Once the @entity1 was stabilized, an urgent adenotonsillectomy was performed. The @entity1 recovered well, and his vision and respiratory symptoms resolved. Severe @entity1184 of the adenoid tissue can cause @entity2944 and @entity520 secondary to upper @entity1224 . The possibility of @entity1184 and @entity2944 should be kept in mind in cases of transient @entity12661 . Aggressive treatment, including early intubation and adenoidectomy, may lead to a rapid resolution of symptoms.

title: A case of transient @entity12661 associated with XXXX as a result of extremely enlarged adenoid tissue.

answer: @entity2944 :: (MESH:D006935,Disease) :: ['hypercapnia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma medication ratio (AMR) >=    0.5 has been shown to predict @entity565 exacerbations. This study explores the impact of increasing or decreasing inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting beta-agonist (ICS/LABA) use over a 7-year period on achieving an AMR of >=    0.5. OBJECTIVES: To (a) assess the impact of increasing use of ICS/LABAs on changes in a modified AMR (mAMR) and (b) examine @entity565 risk over time as measured by an mAMR over a 7-year period, adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics. METHODS: This is a retrospective, observational study using pharmacy and medical claims from a medical group from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2010. All @entity1 with >=    1 @entity565 diagnosis (ICD-9-CM, 493.xx) with >=    1 inhaled @entity565 medication dispensed in each year of eligibility were included. The mAMR   =   total ICS controllers dispensed/(total ICS controllers dispensed   +   @entity3045 dispensed). The proportion of ICS/LABA use was determined as the number of ICS/LABA canisters dispensed/(total of ICS/LABA   +   ICS dispensed). Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the effect of incremental change in ICS/LABA use on mAMR over 7 years, adjusting for differences in resource utilization, time, and @entity565 medication use.   RESULTS: Nine hundred ninety @entity1 (mean age [     SD] 34.7 years [     18.2], 61.7% female) met all criteria. Overall, mean mAMR increased over time, while mean @entity3045 use decreased over time. Adjusting for covariates, we found that a 10% increase in ICS/LABA use was associated with a 9% increase (adjusted OR   =   1.09, 95% CI   =   1.06-1.12) in the likelihood of achieving an mAMR   >=    0.5, while a 50% increase in ICS/LABA use was associated with a 53% increase (OR   =   1.53, 95% CI   =   1.31-1.80) in the likelihood of achieving an mAMR   >=    0.5. CONCLUSIONS: Increase in ICS/LABA use over time in a population of @entity565 @entity1 was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of achieving an mAMR   >=    0.5.

title: Use of ICS/LABA on Asthma Exacerbation Risk in XXXX Within a Medical Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['albuterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1652 spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and @entity15 ( @entity15 ) have a similar clinical phenotype but represent distinct diseases, requiring different therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs whose expression profiles can serve as diagnostic biomarkers and which may be involved in the pathophysiology of @entity66 . Here, we analyzed miRNA profiles in serum and whole blood of @entity1 with NMOSD and @entity922 ( @entity922 )/relapsing-remitting @entity15 ( @entity3780 ) as well as healthy controls by next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS: MiRNA expression profiles were determined by NGS in sera of @entity1 with @entity3951 antibody-positive NMOSD (n   =   20), @entity922 / @entity3780 (n   =   20), and healthy controls (n   =   20) and in whole blood of @entity1 with NMOSD (n   =   11), @entity922 / @entity3780 (n   =   60), and healthy controls (n   =   43). Differentially expressed miRNAs were calculated by analysis of variance and t tests. All significance values were corrected for multiple testing. Selected miRNAs were validated in whole blood of @entity1 with NMOSD (n   =   18) and @entity922 / @entity3780 (n   =   19) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: None of 261 miRNAs detected in serum but 178 of 416 miRNAs detected in whole blood showed significantly different expression levels among the three groups. Pairwise comparisons revealed 115 (NMOSD vs. @entity922 / @entity3780 ), 141 (NMOSD vs. healthy controls), and 44 ( @entity922 / @entity3780 vs. healthy controls) miRNAs in whole blood with significantly different expression levels. qRT-PCR confirmed different expression levels in whole blood of @entity1 with NMOSD and @entity922 / @entity3780 for 9 out of 10 exemplarily chosen miRNAs. In silico enrichment analysis demonstrated an accumulation of altered miRNAs in NMOSD in particular in CD15(+) cells (i.e., neutrophils and eosinophils). CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies a set of miRNAs in whole blood, which may have the potential to discriminate NMOSD from @entity922 / @entity3780 and healthy controls. In contrast, miRNA profiles in serum do not appear to be promising diagnostic biomarkers for NMOSD. Enrichment of altered miRNAs in CD15(+) neutrophils and eosinophils, which were previously implicated in the pathophysiology of NMOSD, suggests that miRNAs could be involved in the regulation of these cells in NMOSD.

title: Next-generation sequencing identifies altered whole blood microRNAs in @entity1652 spectrum disorder which may permit discrimination from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['neuroinflammatory diseases']

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['Neuromyelitis optica']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['clinically isolated syndrome', 'CIS']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1652 spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and @entity15 ( @entity15 ) have a similar clinical phenotype but represent distinct diseases, requiring different therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs whose expression profiles can serve as diagnostic biomarkers and which may be involved in the pathophysiology of @entity66 . Here, we analyzed miRNA profiles in serum and whole blood of @entity1 with NMOSD and @entity922 ( @entity922 )/relapsing-remitting @entity15 ( @entity3780 ) as well as healthy controls by next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS: MiRNA expression profiles were determined by NGS in sera of @entity1 with @entity3951 antibody-positive NMOSD (n   =   20), @entity922 / @entity3780 (n   =   20), and healthy controls (n   =   20) and in whole blood of @entity1 with NMOSD (n   =   11), @entity922 / @entity3780 (n   =   60), and healthy controls (n   =   43). Differentially expressed miRNAs were calculated by analysis of variance and t tests. All significance values were corrected for multiple testing. Selected miRNAs were validated in whole blood of @entity1 with NMOSD (n   =   18) and @entity922 / @entity3780 (n   =   19) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: None of 261 miRNAs detected in serum but 178 of 416 miRNAs detected in whole blood showed significantly different expression levels among the three groups. Pairwise comparisons revealed 115 (NMOSD vs. @entity922 / @entity3780 ), 141 (NMOSD vs. healthy controls), and 44 ( @entity922 / @entity3780 vs. healthy controls) miRNAs in whole blood with significantly different expression levels. qRT-PCR confirmed different expression levels in whole blood of @entity1 with NMOSD and @entity922 / @entity3780 for 9 out of 10 exemplarily chosen miRNAs. In silico enrichment analysis demonstrated an accumulation of altered miRNAs in NMOSD in particular in CD15(+) cells (i.e., neutrophils and eosinophils). CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies a set of miRNAs in whole blood, which may have the potential to discriminate NMOSD from @entity922 / @entity3780 and healthy controls. In contrast, miRNA profiles in serum do not appear to be promising diagnostic biomarkers for NMOSD. Enrichment of altered miRNAs in CD15(+) neutrophils and eosinophils, which were previously implicated in the pathophysiology of NMOSD, suggests that miRNAs could be involved in the regulation of these cells in NMOSD.

title: Next-generation sequencing identifies altered whole blood microRNAs in XXXX spectrum disorder which may permit discrimination from @entity15 .

answer: @entity1652 :: (MESH:D009471,Disease) :: ['neuromyelitis optica']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1853 synthase (MTR) plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis of intracellular @entity1853 , @entity1501 , and @entity1255 , and its activity correlates with DNA methylation in many @entity1 tissues. Our previous genomewide association study identified that 1 SNP located in the gene was associated with several wool production and quality traits in Chinese Merino. To confirm the potential involvement of the gene in @entity742 wool production and quality traits, we performed @entity742 tissue expression profiling, @entity4982 detection, and association analysis with @entity742 wool production and quality traits. The semiquantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis showed that the gene was differentially expressed in skin from Merino and Kazak @entity742 . The sequencing analysis identified a total of 13 SNP in the gene from Chinese Merino @entity742 . Comparison of the allele frequencies revealed that these 13 identified SNP were significantly different among the 6 tested Chinese Merino strains ( < 0.001). Linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that SNP 3 to 11 were strongly linked in a single haplotype block in the tested population. Association analysis showed that SNP 2 to 11 were significantly associated with the average wool fiber diameter and the fineness @entity168 and that SNP 4 to 11 were significantly associated with the CV of fiber diameter trait ( < 0.05). Single nucleotide polymorphism 2 and SNP 5 to 12 were weakly associated with wool crimp. Similarly, the haplotypes derived from these 13 identified SNP were also significantly associated with the average wool fiber diameter, fineness @entity168 , and the CV of fiber diameter ( < 0.05). Our results suggest that is a candidate gene for @entity742 wool production and quality traits, and the identified SNP might be used in @entity742 breeding.

title: Association of XXXX synthase gene polymorphisms with wool production and quality traits in Chinese Merino population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['Methionine', 'methionine']

answer: @entity1853 :: (MESH:D008715,Chemical) :: ['methionine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Context .- Pulmonary bronchial brushing specimens can be processed by liquid-based or conventional methods. The ability to accurately diagnose a @entity358 with a liquid-based preparation (LBP) versus a conventional preparation may differ. Objective .- To compare the performance of LBPs of malignant pulmonary bronchial brushing specimens with the performance of conventional preparations. Design .- @entity1 responses from 553 malignant pulmonary bronchial brushing samples were evaluated for concordance with the general diagnosis. The performance of LBPs was compared with that of classic preparations. A nonlinear mixed model was used to analyze the performance by reference diagnosis, preparation type, program years, @entity1 type, and the interaction terms between these 4 factors. Results .- Concordance with the general category of @entity5 was observed in 95.2% of conventional Papanicolaou-stained, 90.9% of modified Giemsa-stained, and 96.9% of LBP (P < .001) samples. The results were significantly different between individual reference diagnoses (P < .001). The performance of LBPs was consistently higher for most diagnoses and was significantly better for @entity957 (P = .005), @entity4153 (P < .001), and @entity189 not otherwise specified (P < .001). All @entity1 types performed significantly better with @entity4153 . Pathologists and cytotechnologists performed significantly better with LBPs of @entity957 . A significantly higher concordance was observed between the general diagnosis and program years 2007-2011 versus 2001-2006 (P = .006). Conclusions .- Liquid-based preparations performed better than conventional methods, with significantly higher performance in squamous cell, small cell, and metastatic @entity189 . Improved performance over time may reflect more frequent use of LBP methods and increased familiarity with interpreting the morphologic findings.

title: Do Liquid-Based Preparations of Pulmonary Bronchial Brushing Specimens Perform Differently From Classically Prepared Cases for the Diagnosis of XXXX ? Observations From the College of American Pathologists Interlaboratory Comparison Program in Nongynecologic Cytology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'Participant']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['small cell carcinoma', 'LBPs of small cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'metastatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary malignancy']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Malignancies']


abstract: Colo-rectal adenoms occur more frequently in the elderly and should be considered as precancerous. The structural changes of the glandular epithelium are known as @entity1141 or atypia and are classified into three grades of severity; the " @entity5115 " has all the histological characteristics of a @entity5 which however has not infiltrated the muscularis mucosa and so has not gained access to the lymphatic system. Whenever these structural changes were present the terms focal @entity189 or @entity189 in situ were used. However in 1976 the WHO accepted to change the nomenclature to " @entity5115 ", as Morson had proposed. Their aim was to avoid superfluous radical surgical intervention. Whenever @entity12341 is present in an @entity652 , the necessary therapy is the local excision of the @entity652 together with its pedick. An exact complete histological examination is necessary. Between 1976 and 1980 we saw 201 cases of @entity1586 at the Surgical Clinic, University of D  sseldorf. 27 of these cases showed @entity5115 . As described in the literature there was a correlation between the size of the @entity652 , the histological picture and the risk of @entity5 . The reexamination of 105 @entity1 showed that there was a significant percentage of recurrency at the site of excision or new @entity1127 at a different site. Therefore, regular checkups are a must for all those @entity1 in whom @entity1127 of the large bowel have been removed.

title: [Diagnosis and therapy of @entity1127 with special reference to XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5115 :: ('MESH:C567703', 'Disease') :: ['severe epithelial dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['adenoma of the colon or rectum']

entities_list: @entity12341 :: ('MESH:C563736', 'Disease') :: ['severe dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity652 :: (MESH:D000236,Disease) :: ['adenomas']


abstract: Colo-rectal adenoms occur more frequently in the elderly and should be considered as precancerous. The structural changes of the glandular epithelium are known as @entity1141 or atypia and are classified into three grades of severity; the " @entity5115 " has all the histological characteristics of a @entity5 which however has not infiltrated the muscularis mucosa and so has not gained access to the lymphatic system. Whenever these structural changes were present the terms focal @entity189 or @entity189 in situ were used. However in 1976 the WHO accepted to change the nomenclature to " @entity5115 ", as Morson had proposed. Their aim was to avoid superfluous radical surgical intervention. Whenever @entity12341 is present in an @entity652 , the necessary therapy is the local excision of the @entity652 together with its pedick. An exact complete histological examination is necessary. Between 1976 and 1980 we saw 201 cases of @entity1586 at the Surgical Clinic, University of D  sseldorf. 27 of these cases showed @entity5115 . As described in the literature there was a correlation between the size of the @entity652 , the histological picture and the risk of @entity5 . The reexamination of 105 @entity1 showed that there was a significant percentage of recurrency at the site of excision or new @entity1127 at a different site. Therefore, regular checkups are a must for all those @entity1 in whom @entity1127 of the large bowel have been removed.

title: [Diagnosis and therapy of XXXX with special reference to @entity652 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['colorectal polyps']


abstract: Importance: The association between early exposure to animals and @entity565 is not clear, and previous studies have yielded contradictory results. Objective: To determine whether exposure to @entity235 and farm animals confers a risk of @entity565 . Design, Setting and @entity1 : In a nationwide cohort study, the association between early exposure to @entity235 and farm animals and the risk of @entity565 was evaluated and included all @entity1 born in Sweden from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2010 (N   =   1   011   051), using registry data on @entity235 and farm registration, @entity565 medication, diagnosis, and confounders for parents and their @entity1 . The association was assessed as the odds ratio (OR) for a current diagnosis of @entity565 at age 6 years for school-aged @entity1 and as the hazard ratio (HR) for incident @entity565 at ages 1 to 5 years for preschool-aged @entity1 . Data were analyzed from January 1, 2007, to September 30, 2012. Exposures: Living with a @entity235 or farm animal. Main Outcomes and Measures: Childhood @entity565 diagnosis and medication used. Results: Of the 1   011   051 @entity1 born during the study period, 376   638 preschool-aged (53   460 [14.2%] exposed to @entity235 and 1729 [0.5%] exposed to farm animals) and 276   298 school-aged @entity1 (22   629 [8.2%] exposed to @entity235 and 958 [0.3%] exposed to farm animals) were included in the analyses. Of these, 18   799 @entity1 (5.0%) in the preschool-aged @entity1 's cohort experienced an @entity748 event before baseline, and 28   511 cases of @entity565 and 906   071 years at risk were recorded during follow-up (incidence rate, 3.1 cases per 1000 years at risk). In the school-aged @entity1 's cohort, 11   585 @entity1 (4.2%) experienced an @entity748 event during the seventh year of life. @entity235 exposure during the first year of life was associated with a decreased risk of @entity565 in school-aged @entity1 (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.81-0.93) and in preschool-aged @entity1 3 years or older (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.99) but not in @entity1 younger than 3 years (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07). Results were comparable when analyzing only first-born @entity1 . Farm animal exposure was associated with a reduced risk of @entity565 in both school-aged @entity1 and preschool-aged @entity1 (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.31-0.76, and HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56-0.84), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, the data support the hypothesis that exposure to @entity235 and farm animals during the first year of life reduces the risk of @entity565 in @entity1 at age 6 years. This information might be helpful in decision making for families and physicians on the appropriateness and timing of early animal exposure.

title: Early Exposure to @entity235 and Farm Animals and the Risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['childhood asthma', 'asthma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['Childhood Asthma']


abstract: Importance: The association between early exposure to animals and @entity565 is not clear, and previous studies have yielded contradictory results. Objective: To determine whether exposure to @entity235 and farm animals confers a risk of @entity565 . Design, Setting and @entity1 : In a nationwide cohort study, the association between early exposure to @entity235 and farm animals and the risk of @entity565 was evaluated and included all @entity1 born in Sweden from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2010 (N   =   1   011   051), using registry data on @entity235 and farm registration, @entity565 medication, diagnosis, and confounders for parents and their @entity1 . The association was assessed as the odds ratio (OR) for a current diagnosis of @entity565 at age 6 years for school-aged @entity1 and as the hazard ratio (HR) for incident @entity565 at ages 1 to 5 years for preschool-aged @entity1 . Data were analyzed from January 1, 2007, to September 30, 2012. Exposures: Living with a @entity235 or farm animal. Main Outcomes and Measures: Childhood @entity565 diagnosis and medication used. Results: Of the 1   011   051 @entity1 born during the study period, 376   638 preschool-aged (53   460 [14.2%] exposed to @entity235 and 1729 [0.5%] exposed to farm animals) and 276   298 school-aged @entity1 (22   629 [8.2%] exposed to @entity235 and 958 [0.3%] exposed to farm animals) were included in the analyses. Of these, 18   799 @entity1 (5.0%) in the preschool-aged @entity1 's cohort experienced an @entity748 event before baseline, and 28   511 cases of @entity565 and 906   071 years at risk were recorded during follow-up (incidence rate, 3.1 cases per 1000 years at risk). In the school-aged @entity1 's cohort, 11   585 @entity1 (4.2%) experienced an @entity748 event during the seventh year of life. @entity235 exposure during the first year of life was associated with a decreased risk of @entity565 in school-aged @entity1 (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.81-0.93) and in preschool-aged @entity1 3 years or older (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.99) but not in @entity1 younger than 3 years (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07). Results were comparable when analyzing only first-born @entity1 . Farm animal exposure was associated with a reduced risk of @entity565 in both school-aged @entity1 and preschool-aged @entity1 (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.31-0.76, and HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56-0.84), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, the data support the hypothesis that exposure to @entity235 and farm animals during the first year of life reduces the risk of @entity565 in @entity1 at age 6 years. This information might be helpful in decision making for families and physicians on the appropriateness and timing of early animal exposure.

title: Early Exposure to XXXX and Farm Animals and the Risk of @entity565 .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['Dogs']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity298 ( @entity298 ) limitation as renal replacement therapy is mostly due to @entity298 and complications. Formation and persistence of intra-abdominal loculations is often under-diagnosed. @entity2976 ( @entity2976 ) is a life-threatening complication, but @entity3147 , recurrent @entity298 and early membrane failure are insidious enemies that need to be emphasized. It is important to highlight the persistence of intra-abdominal fluid collection after clinical resolution of @entity298 in @entity298 @entity1 and to indicate a new medical management approach for an early diagnosis. During five years, we selected @entity298 cases followed by a six months interval free of @entity281 . Ninety-seven subjects were followed at six months and one year after the first @entity298 . Tomography had been performed to @entity1 presenting a positive inflammatory state without a specific infectious cause. Subjects presenting documented localized fluid collection (31 cases) were divided into: drug-treated group and those undergoing laparoscopy by a new surgery technique (seven @entity1 ); a comparison regarding the clinical state and biohumoral parameters was assessed in both groups. The prevalence of intra-abdominal loculation following an apparent resolved @entity298 was high (31.9%). The cases undergoing laparoscopy presented a better evolution - improved clinical status (p=0.001), higher hemoglobin values (p=0.06), significant lower doses of @entity1307 requirement (p=0.03), improved dialysis adequacy (p=0.005) and inflammatory state. In cases with confirmed fluid encapsulated loculation, an active attitude (screening imaging protocol and laparoscopic exploration) appears to be mandatory, decreasing the risk of @entity2976 , a serious complication which pathology and treatment are incompletely understood.

title: Intra-peritoneal chronic loculation in peritoneal dialysis XXXX - a new medical management approach.

entities_list: @entity2976 :: ('MESH:D056627', 'Disease') :: ['EPS', 'Encapsulated peritoneal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['Peritoneal dialysis', 'PD', 'PD peritonitis', 'peritonitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: During male gametophyte development in @entity958 , the microspores undergo an asymmetric division to produce a vegetative cell and a generative cell, which undergoes a second division to give rise to two sperm cells. SIDECAR @entity347 ( @entity347 ) 27 plays a key role in the asymmetric division of microspores. Here we provide molecular genetic evidence that a combinatorial role of @entity71881 with @entity71882 is crucial for male gametophyte development in @entity958 . Expression analysis, genetic transmission and pollen viability assays, and pollen development analysis demonstrated that @entity71881 plays a role in the male gametophyte function primarily at germ cell mitosis. In the mature pollen of @entity71881 and @entity71881 expressing a dominant negative version of @entity71881 , @entity71881 :SRDX, aberrant microspores such as bicellular and smaller tricelluar pollen appeared at a ratio of 10 to 15% with a correspondingly decreased ratio of normal tricellular pollen, whereas in @entity71882 mutants, 70% of the pollen was aborted. All pollen in the @entity71881 @entity71882 double mutants was aborted and severely shriveled compared with that of the single mutants, indicating that @entity71881 and @entity71882 are essential for pollen development. Gene expression and subcellular localization analyses of @entity71881 :GFP and @entity71882 :RFP during pollen development indicated that posttranscriptional and/or posttranslational controls are involved in differential accumulation and subcellular localization of @entity71881 and @entity71882 during pollen development, which may contribute in part to combinatorial and distinct roles of @entity71881 with @entity71882 in microspore development. In addition, we showed that @entity71881 and @entity71882 interact to form a heterodimer for nuclear localization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN( @entity347 )10 interacts with SIDECAR POLLEN/ XXXX to control pollen development in @entity958 .

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['LBD', 'POLLEN/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN']

answer: @entity71882 :: (823943(Tax:3702),Gene) :: ['LBD27']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: During male gametophyte development in @entity958 , the microspores undergo an asymmetric division to produce a vegetative cell and a generative cell, which undergoes a second division to give rise to two sperm cells. SIDECAR @entity347 ( @entity347 ) 27 plays a key role in the asymmetric division of microspores. Here we provide molecular genetic evidence that a combinatorial role of @entity71881 with @entity71882 is crucial for male gametophyte development in @entity958 . Expression analysis, genetic transmission and pollen viability assays, and pollen development analysis demonstrated that @entity71881 plays a role in the male gametophyte function primarily at germ cell mitosis. In the mature pollen of @entity71881 and @entity71881 expressing a dominant negative version of @entity71881 , @entity71881 :SRDX, aberrant microspores such as bicellular and smaller tricelluar pollen appeared at a ratio of 10 to 15% with a correspondingly decreased ratio of normal tricellular pollen, whereas in @entity71882 mutants, 70% of the pollen was aborted. All pollen in the @entity71881 @entity71882 double mutants was aborted and severely shriveled compared with that of the single mutants, indicating that @entity71881 and @entity71882 are essential for pollen development. Gene expression and subcellular localization analyses of @entity71881 :GFP and @entity71882 :RFP during pollen development indicated that posttranscriptional and/or posttranslational controls are involved in differential accumulation and subcellular localization of @entity71881 and @entity71882 during pollen development, which may contribute in part to combinatorial and distinct roles of @entity71881 with @entity71882 in microspore development. In addition, we showed that @entity71881 and @entity71882 interact to form a heterodimer for nuclear localization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN( XXXX )10 interacts with SIDECAR POLLEN/ @entity71882 to control pollen development in @entity958 .

answer: @entity347 :: (MESH:D019965,Disease) :: ['LBD']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: During male gametophyte development in @entity958 , the microspores undergo an asymmetric division to produce a vegetative cell and a generative cell, which undergoes a second division to give rise to two sperm cells. SIDECAR @entity347 ( @entity347 ) 27 plays a key role in the asymmetric division of microspores. Here we provide molecular genetic evidence that a combinatorial role of @entity71881 with @entity71882 is crucial for male gametophyte development in @entity958 . Expression analysis, genetic transmission and pollen viability assays, and pollen development analysis demonstrated that @entity71881 plays a role in the male gametophyte function primarily at germ cell mitosis. In the mature pollen of @entity71881 and @entity71881 expressing a dominant negative version of @entity71881 , @entity71881 :SRDX, aberrant microspores such as bicellular and smaller tricelluar pollen appeared at a ratio of 10 to 15% with a correspondingly decreased ratio of normal tricellular pollen, whereas in @entity71882 mutants, 70% of the pollen was aborted. All pollen in the @entity71881 @entity71882 double mutants was aborted and severely shriveled compared with that of the single mutants, indicating that @entity71881 and @entity71882 are essential for pollen development. Gene expression and subcellular localization analyses of @entity71881 :GFP and @entity71882 :RFP during pollen development indicated that posttranscriptional and/or posttranslational controls are involved in differential accumulation and subcellular localization of @entity71881 and @entity71882 during pollen development, which may contribute in part to combinatorial and distinct roles of @entity71881 with @entity71882 in microspore development. In addition, we showed that @entity71881 and @entity71882 interact to form a heterodimer for nuclear localization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN( @entity347 )10 interacts with SIDECAR POLLEN/ @entity71882 to control pollen development in XXXX .

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: This study involved two stages: In vitro study. Three LMWHs, @entity11270 - @entity28052 (Choay) and @entity2120 (Pharmuka), were compared to standard heparin, SH (Choay), and to a high-molecular-weight heparin, @entity8258 (Choay), which particularly revealed a dissociation of anti-Xa (++) and anti-IIa (+) activities for the LMWHs: (table: see text) In vivo study. Healthy volunteers. Subcutaneously injections of @entity2120 or @entity28052 according to various protocols (rythm of injections, dosage). For both LMWHs, the dissociation of anti-Xa and anti-IIa activities reoccurs in vivo. A peak of anti-Xa effect was observed 3 to 4 hours after the injections. The duration period of this activity is about 12 hours. The importance of the global platelet tests HT and TEG (modified for the highest doses) should be noted. Study of @entity548 tendencies in @entity1 with slight @entity715 risk. From this preliminary study, protocols with @entity11270 , @entity28052 and @entity2120 are proposed for the prevention of @entity715 risk in orthopaedic surgery (injections at 12-hour intervals).

title: [Preliminary study of the use of low-molecular weight heparin to prevent XXXX risk].

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombotic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mortality experience among 3,199 workers employed 1951-1976 at a @entity4613 fertilizer production plant in central Florida with follow-up through 2011. METHODS: Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for the full cohort were calculated with the U.S. population as referent. @entity2 and @entity1778 risks were further analyzed using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: The mortality due to all-causes (SMR   =   1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.13, observed deaths [n]   =   1,473), all- @entity5 (SMR   =   1.16, 95%CI 1.06-1.28, n   =   431), and a priori outcomes of interests including @entity2 (SMR   =   1.32, 95%CI   =   1.13-1.53, n   =   168) and @entity1778 (SMR   =   1.74, 95%CI   =   1.11-2.62, n   =   23) were statistically significantly elevated. @entity2357 modeling on employment duration or estimated radiation scores did not show exposure-response relation with @entity2 or @entity1778 mortality. CONCLUSION: SMR results showed @entity2 and @entity1778 mortality in a full cohort of the @entity4613 fertilizer production facility. There was, however, no exposure-response relation observed among cases and matched controls. Am. J. Ind. Med.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: A study update of mortality in workers at a XXXX fertilizer production facility.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'increased lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Regression']

answer: @entity4613 :: (D010710,Chemical) :: ['phosphate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of non-fatal @entity385 associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and paracetamol. The effects of dose, duration of treatment, background cardiovascular (CV) risk and use of concomitant aspirin were studied. METHODS: We performed a population-based case-control study. @entity1 were considered exposed if they were on treatment within a 30-day window before the index date. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using logistic regression. RESULTS: Two thousand eight hundred and eighty-eight cases and 20  000 controls were included. No increased risk was observed with traditional NSAIDs as a group (OR  =  1.03; 95% CI, 0.90-1.19), but results varied across individual agents and conditions of use. An increased risk was found with diclofenac (OR  =  1.53; 95% CI, 1.19-1.97), in particular when used at high doses (OR  =  1.62; 1.06-2.46), over long-term periods (>  365  days; OR  =  2.39; 1.52-3.76) and in @entity1 with a high background CV risk (OR  =  1.78; 1.23-2.58), as well as with aceclofenac when used at high doses (OR  =  1.67; 1.05-2.67), in long-term treatments (OR  =  2.00; 1.14-3.53) and in @entity1 with CV risk factors (OR  =  2.33; 1.40-3.87). No association was found with ibuprofen (OR  =  0.94; 0.76-1.17) or naproxen (OR  =  0.68; 0.36-1.29). The concomitant use of aspirin did not show a significant effect modification. Paracetamol did not increase the risk overall (OR  =  0.97; 0.85-1.10) or in @entity1 at high CV risk (OR  =  0.94; 0.78-1.14). CONCLUSIONS: Diclofenac and aceclofenac increase the risk of @entity385 while ibuprofen and naproxen do not. Dose, duration and baseline CV risk, but not aspirin use, appear to modulate the risk. Paracetamol does not increase the risk, even in @entity1 with a high background CV risk.

title: Risk of XXXX associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol: a population-based case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: Tumor characteristics thought to predict for development of @entity11090 after resection of superficial @entity150 were retrospectively analyzed in 252 @entity1 with transitional cell @entity150 at Stanford University Medical Center. Stage 0 @entity1 accounted for 190 of the @entity1 population (75.5%), while stage A and B1 comprised 51 (20%) and 11 (4.5%), respectively. The median follow-up time was 62 months. Forty-three @entity1 subsequently developed @entity11090 ; these included 24 (12.6%), 14 (27.5%), and 5 (45.5%) of stage 0, A, and B1 @entity1 (P = .002), or 15 (10%), 15 (9%), and 13 (33%) of grade 1, 2, and 3 @entity5 (P = .001), respectively. When analyzed by univariate logistic regression, grade (P = .0001) and stage (P = .0118) were significant predictors for @entity3 . Site of @entity5 and number of @entity5 at presentation were not significant factors for invasion deep into the bladder wall. When multiple logistic regression was performed, only grade remained as a significant @entity5 variable to predict for @entity3 (P less than .0091). Risk of @entity3 did not appear to increase with increasing number of recurrences, remaining at approximately an 11% invasion rate through 12 recurrences. In this analysis, grade was the most significant @entity5 variable in superficial @entity150 predicting for the development of @entity189 . Future clinical trials for definitive or adjuvant therapy of this disease must stratify for this variable.

title: XXXX : the primacy of grade in the development of @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['invasive carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'carcinoma of the bladder']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive disease']

entities_list: @entity11090 :: ('MESH:D019042', 'Disease') :: ['deep muscle invasion']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['Superficial bladder cancer']


abstract: Tumor characteristics thought to predict for development of @entity11090 after resection of superficial @entity150 were retrospectively analyzed in 252 @entity1 with transitional cell @entity150 at Stanford University Medical Center. Stage 0 @entity1 accounted for 190 of the @entity1 population (75.5%), while stage A and B1 comprised 51 (20%) and 11 (4.5%), respectively. The median follow-up time was 62 months. Forty-three @entity1 subsequently developed @entity11090 ; these included 24 (12.6%), 14 (27.5%), and 5 (45.5%) of stage 0, A, and B1 @entity1 (P = .002), or 15 (10%), 15 (9%), and 13 (33%) of grade 1, 2, and 3 @entity5 (P = .001), respectively. When analyzed by univariate logistic regression, grade (P = .0001) and stage (P = .0118) were significant predictors for @entity3 . Site of @entity5 and number of @entity5 at presentation were not significant factors for invasion deep into the bladder wall. When multiple logistic regression was performed, only grade remained as a significant @entity5 variable to predict for @entity3 (P less than .0091). Risk of @entity3 did not appear to increase with increasing number of recurrences, remaining at approximately an 11% invasion rate through 12 recurrences. In this analysis, grade was the most significant @entity5 variable in superficial @entity150 predicting for the development of @entity189 . Future clinical trials for definitive or adjuvant therapy of this disease must stratify for this variable.

title: @entity150 : the primacy of grade in the development of XXXX .

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['invasive disease']


abstract: To determine if adjuvant @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ), escalated weekly to @entity137 , could improve disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival by preventing recurrent disease, 60 @entity1 with potentially resectable stage III or IV @entity213 were stratified by primary site, stage, and nutritional status, then randomized by pairs to receive or not receive adjuvant @entity1500 . All received standard surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. Five @entity1 were taken off study because of unresectability at the time of surgery, leaving 55 evaluable @entity1 . There were no statistically significant imbalances in known prognostic factors between the two treatment arms. @entity1500 was begun at 40 mg/m2 and escalated 10 mg/m2 weekly (four doses preoperatively; four doses postoperatively, preradiation therapy; eight doses postradiation therapy) to mucosal or hematologic @entity137 . The median peak @entity1500 dose achieved was 80 mg/m2. Although three @entity1 were hospitalized with @entity1500 @entity137 , none died of @entity1500 @entity137 . No @entity1 receiving @entity1500 had disease progression during treatment, and there was no @entity260 . Thirty-two @entity1 died (median survival, 19 months); 23 @entity1 are alive with median follow-up of 43 months. There was no statistically significant difference in actuarial DFS (P = 1.0) or overall survival (P = .61). Although @entity1 on the @entity1500 arm appeared to have less local and regional recurrences at first recurrence (thus more distant metastases), this did not reach statistical significance (P = .06). There was no significant difference between the sites of recurrence at @entity204 or last follow-up (P = .38).

title: Adjuvant @entity1499 escalated to XXXX for resectable stage III and IV @entity213 --a prospective, randomized study.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['increase in postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['squamous head and neck carcinomas']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: To determine if adjuvant @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ), escalated weekly to @entity137 , could improve disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival by preventing recurrent disease, 60 @entity1 with potentially resectable stage III or IV @entity213 were stratified by primary site, stage, and nutritional status, then randomized by pairs to receive or not receive adjuvant @entity1500 . All received standard surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. Five @entity1 were taken off study because of unresectability at the time of surgery, leaving 55 evaluable @entity1 . There were no statistically significant imbalances in known prognostic factors between the two treatment arms. @entity1500 was begun at 40 mg/m2 and escalated 10 mg/m2 weekly (four doses preoperatively; four doses postoperatively, preradiation therapy; eight doses postradiation therapy) to mucosal or hematologic @entity137 . The median peak @entity1500 dose achieved was 80 mg/m2. Although three @entity1 were hospitalized with @entity1500 @entity137 , none died of @entity1500 @entity137 . No @entity1 receiving @entity1500 had disease progression during treatment, and there was no @entity260 . Thirty-two @entity1 died (median survival, 19 months); 23 @entity1 are alive with median follow-up of 43 months. There was no statistically significant difference in actuarial DFS (P = 1.0) or overall survival (P = .61). Although @entity1 on the @entity1500 arm appeared to have less local and regional recurrences at first recurrence (thus more distant metastases), this did not reach statistical significance (P = .06). There was no significant difference between the sites of recurrence at @entity204 or last follow-up (P = .38).

title: Adjuvant XXXX escalated to @entity137 for resectable stage III and IV @entity213 --a prospective, randomized study.

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: To determine if adjuvant @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ), escalated weekly to @entity137 , could improve disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival by preventing recurrent disease, 60 @entity1 with potentially resectable stage III or IV @entity213 were stratified by primary site, stage, and nutritional status, then randomized by pairs to receive or not receive adjuvant @entity1500 . All received standard surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. Five @entity1 were taken off study because of unresectability at the time of surgery, leaving 55 evaluable @entity1 . There were no statistically significant imbalances in known prognostic factors between the two treatment arms. @entity1500 was begun at 40 mg/m2 and escalated 10 mg/m2 weekly (four doses preoperatively; four doses postoperatively, preradiation therapy; eight doses postradiation therapy) to mucosal or hematologic @entity137 . The median peak @entity1500 dose achieved was 80 mg/m2. Although three @entity1 were hospitalized with @entity1500 @entity137 , none died of @entity1500 @entity137 . No @entity1 receiving @entity1500 had disease progression during treatment, and there was no @entity260 . Thirty-two @entity1 died (median survival, 19 months); 23 @entity1 are alive with median follow-up of 43 months. There was no statistically significant difference in actuarial DFS (P = 1.0) or overall survival (P = .61). Although @entity1 on the @entity1500 arm appeared to have less local and regional recurrences at first recurrence (thus more distant metastases), this did not reach statistical significance (P = .06). There was no significant difference between the sites of recurrence at @entity204 or last follow-up (P = .38).

title: Adjuvant @entity1499 escalated to @entity137 for resectable stage III and IV XXXX --a prospective, randomized study.

answer: @entity213 :: (MESH:C535575,Disease) :: ['squamous head and neck carcinomas']


abstract: @entity619 has been used to manage @entity2657 in @entity1 with @entity932 . However, its administration has often been delayed or avoided for fear of adverse effects upon normal host responses to infection. An experimental model of @entity867 in the @entity35 was developed to determine if @entity619 produced adverse effects on immune competence and collagen deposition in the region of the @entity733 . @entity35 were inoculated with @entity794 and treated intraperitoneally each day with either @entity619 (0.25 mg/kg) or saline solution. Surviving animals were sacrificed at 4, 8, 12, or 18 days after treatment. The brains were examined grossly for @entity733 formation and microscopically for intensity of the inflammatory response, @entity733 diameter, and wall thickness. There were no differences in mortality rates, @entity733 production rates, or @entity733 diameters when groups were compared. The intensity of inflammatory response was similar in both groups. In the group sacrificed 8 days after inoculation, a delay in collagen deposition was apparent, manifested as a thinner @entity733 wall in the experimental group (mean: 17.8 mu in @entity619 -treated animals and 85 mu in saline-treated control animals: p = 1.0041). At 12 and 18 days after inoculation, there was no difference in @entity733 wall thickness between the control and experimental groups. Therapeutic doses of @entity619 had little effect on mortality rates, incidence of @entity733 production, or intensity of inflammatory response in the experimental animals. Thus, @entity619 did cause a delay in collagen deposition in the walls of experimental brain abscesses, but wall thickness 18 days after inoculation was not affected.

title: Effect of XXXX on experimental @entity867 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial abscess']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['brain edema']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone', 'dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity867 :: ('MESH:D001922', 'Disease') :: ['brain abscess']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: @entity619 has been used to manage @entity2657 in @entity1 with @entity932 . However, its administration has often been delayed or avoided for fear of adverse effects upon normal host responses to infection. An experimental model of @entity867 in the @entity35 was developed to determine if @entity619 produced adverse effects on immune competence and collagen deposition in the region of the @entity733 . @entity35 were inoculated with @entity794 and treated intraperitoneally each day with either @entity619 (0.25 mg/kg) or saline solution. Surviving animals were sacrificed at 4, 8, 12, or 18 days after treatment. The brains were examined grossly for @entity733 formation and microscopically for intensity of the inflammatory response, @entity733 diameter, and wall thickness. There were no differences in mortality rates, @entity733 production rates, or @entity733 diameters when groups were compared. The intensity of inflammatory response was similar in both groups. In the group sacrificed 8 days after inoculation, a delay in collagen deposition was apparent, manifested as a thinner @entity733 wall in the experimental group (mean: 17.8 mu in @entity619 -treated animals and 85 mu in saline-treated control animals: p = 1.0041). At 12 and 18 days after inoculation, there was no difference in @entity733 wall thickness between the control and experimental groups. Therapeutic doses of @entity619 had little effect on mortality rates, incidence of @entity733 production, or intensity of inflammatory response in the experimental animals. Thus, @entity619 did cause a delay in collagen deposition in the walls of experimental brain abscesses, but wall thickness 18 days after inoculation was not affected.

title: Effect of @entity619 on experimental XXXX .

answer: @entity867 :: (MESH:D001922,Disease) :: ['brain abscess']


abstract: Because of concerns about safety and expense associated with continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion (CSII), all @entity1 who had used CSII as of July 1982 were identified. Annual follow-up has resulted in data for up to 61 mo. Of the 92 nonpregnant registrees, 31 were less than 20 yr old, 36 were 20-29, and 25 were 30 yr or older. Two deaths occurred in 1780 @entity1 -months of pump use. The cumulative proportion on the pump (CPOP) or actuarial CSII continuance proportion was 11%. There was no significant difference between sexes or between ages for @entity1 , but despite eliminating pregnant @entity1 , those greater than or equal to 30 yr old had a CPOP of 0.22, compared with 0.11 for those less than 30 yr (P = .03). Continuance curves were no different for those beginning CSII with or without complications or for those with or without good @entity413 control. Those who began at @entity1 request did have better CPOP than those who began at physician request (P = .05). Physician perception of clinical, mechanical, or psychosocial problems while on the pump was not predictor of continuance curves as measured by CPOP. Of the 17 physicians queried at the latest update, 9 physicians have 16 current CSII users; these 9 have only 14% of their @entity1 in the original cohort currently on CSII. This is compared with the 3 physicians who have 34 current users and 60% of their original cohort on CSII. Four physicians no longer use CSII. Devices for CSII cost +131/ @entity1 -month of use.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Surveillance in Florida of continuous subcutaneous XXXX infusion use in cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'person', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the effect of a 50   Hz power line digital filter on the response to a 2-global-flash multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in @entity725 ( @entity725 ) compared to control. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 2-global-flash mfERG (VERIS   ) was recorded (23 control, 34 @entity725 ). Eight recordings were noise contaminated: 4 control, 4 @entity725 . Response averages from the central 10   and 7 surrounding groups were analyzed with and without a 50   Hz digital filter for the following mfERG response epochs: direct component (15-45   ms), 1st (45-75   ms) and 2nd (75-105   ms) induced components. RESULTS: A digital 50   Hz filter had little effect on uncontaminated with noise waveforms but, in noisy recordings, changed the waveform dramatically to resemble uncontaminated waveforms. In controls' 50   Hz-filtered uncontaminated with noise mfERGs differed significantly from unfiltered responses in induced components. Uncontaminated with noise recordings from @entity726 @entity1 did not differ with or without the notch filter (p   >   0.1 for all three epochs of mfERG). The mfERG response in the central 10  in @entity726 @entity1 differed significantly from controls, whether the notch filter was used or not (p   <   0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A 50   Hz notch filter allows grossly contaminated waveforms to be analyzed in a meaningful manner. With a 50   Hz filter, @entity726 @entity1 still differed significantly from normal.

title: Impact of a Digital Power Line Filter in the 2-Global-Flash Multifocal Electroretinogram of XXXX @entity1 Compared to Controls.

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['POAG', 'primary open angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the effect of a 50   Hz power line digital filter on the response to a 2-global-flash multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in @entity725 ( @entity725 ) compared to control. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 2-global-flash mfERG (VERIS   ) was recorded (23 control, 34 @entity725 ). Eight recordings were noise contaminated: 4 control, 4 @entity725 . Response averages from the central 10   and 7 surrounding groups were analyzed with and without a 50   Hz digital filter for the following mfERG response epochs: direct component (15-45   ms), 1st (45-75   ms) and 2nd (75-105   ms) induced components. RESULTS: A digital 50   Hz filter had little effect on uncontaminated with noise waveforms but, in noisy recordings, changed the waveform dramatically to resemble uncontaminated waveforms. In controls' 50   Hz-filtered uncontaminated with noise mfERGs differed significantly from unfiltered responses in induced components. Uncontaminated with noise recordings from @entity726 @entity1 did not differ with or without the notch filter (p   >   0.1 for all three epochs of mfERG). The mfERG response in the central 10  in @entity726 @entity1 differed significantly from controls, whether the notch filter was used or not (p   <   0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A 50   Hz notch filter allows grossly contaminated waveforms to be analyzed in a meaningful manner. With a 50   Hz filter, @entity726 @entity1 still differed significantly from normal.

title: Impact of a Digital Power Line Filter in the 2-Global-Flash Multifocal Electroretinogram of @entity726 XXXX Compared to Controls.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Axonal damage occurs early in @entity15 ( @entity15 ) and contributes to the degree of clinical disability. @entity1 with @entity15 more often show disabling and polyfocal neurological symptoms at disease onset than adults with @entity15 . Thus, @entity21 may differ between pediatric and adult @entity15 @entity1 . METHODS: We analyzed axonal pathology in archival brain biopsy and autopsy samples from 19 @entity1 with early @entity15 . Lesions were classified according to demyelinating activity and presence of remyelination. Axonal density and extent of @entity21 were assessed using Bielschowsky silver impregnation and immunohistochemistry for @entity477 ( @entity477 ), respectively. @entity21 was correlated with the inflammatory infiltrate as well as clinical characteristics. Results were compared with data from adult @entity15 @entity1 . RESULTS: Acute @entity21 was most extensive in early active demyelinating (EA) lesions of pediatric @entity1 and correlated positively with the Expanded Disability Status Scale at attack leading to biopsy/autopsy. Comparison with 12 adult @entity1 showed a 50% increase in the extent of @entity21 in EA lesions from @entity1 compared to adults, with the highest number of @entity477 -positive spheroids found prior to puberty. The extent of @entity21 correlated positively with the number of lesional macrophages. Axonal density was reduced in pediatric lesions irrespective of the demyelinating activity or the presence of remyelination. Axonal reduction was similar between @entity1 and adults. INTERPRETATION: Our results provide evidence for more pronounced @entity21 in inflammatory demyelinating lesions from @entity1 compared to adults. Ann Neurol 2015.

title: Extensive @entity21 in pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['acute axonal damage', 'axonal damage', 'Axonal injury']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity477 :: ('351', 'Gene') :: ['APP', 'amyloid precursor protein']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Axonal damage occurs early in @entity15 ( @entity15 ) and contributes to the degree of clinical disability. @entity1 with @entity15 more often show disabling and polyfocal neurological symptoms at disease onset than adults with @entity15 . Thus, @entity21 may differ between pediatric and adult @entity15 @entity1 . METHODS: We analyzed axonal pathology in archival brain biopsy and autopsy samples from 19 @entity1 with early @entity15 . Lesions were classified according to demyelinating activity and presence of remyelination. Axonal density and extent of @entity21 were assessed using Bielschowsky silver impregnation and immunohistochemistry for @entity477 ( @entity477 ), respectively. @entity21 was correlated with the inflammatory infiltrate as well as clinical characteristics. Results were compared with data from adult @entity15 @entity1 . RESULTS: Acute @entity21 was most extensive in early active demyelinating (EA) lesions of pediatric @entity1 and correlated positively with the Expanded Disability Status Scale at attack leading to biopsy/autopsy. Comparison with 12 adult @entity1 showed a 50% increase in the extent of @entity21 in EA lesions from @entity1 compared to adults, with the highest number of @entity477 -positive spheroids found prior to puberty. The extent of @entity21 correlated positively with the number of lesional macrophages. Axonal density was reduced in pediatric lesions irrespective of the demyelinating activity or the presence of remyelination. Axonal reduction was similar between @entity1 and adults. INTERPRETATION: Our results provide evidence for more pronounced @entity21 in inflammatory demyelinating lesions from @entity1 compared to adults. Ann Neurol 2015.

title: Extensive XXXX in pediatric @entity15 .

answer: @entity21 :: (MESH:D001480,Disease) :: ['acute axonal damage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Left ventricular (LV) structure and function are predictors of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and are related to resting peripheral haemodynamic load in older adults. The central haemodynamic response to exercise may reveal associations with LV structure and function not detected by traditional peripheral (brachial) measures in a younger population. PURPOSE: To examine correlations between acute exercise-induced changes in central artery stiffness and wave reflections and measures of resting LV structure and function. METHODS: Sixteen healthy @entity1 (age 26      6  year; BMI 25  3      2  7  kg  m(-2) ) had measures of central haemodynamic load measured before/after a 30-s @entity1062 ( @entity1062 ). Common carotid artery stiffness and reflected wave intensity were assessed via wave intensity analysis as a regional pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ) and negative area (NA), respectively. Resting LV structure (LV mass) and function [midwall fractional shortening (mFS)] were assessed using M-mode echocardiography in the parasternal short-axis view. RESULTS: There was a significant association between mFS and @entity1062 -mediated change in carotid systolic BP (r  =  -0  57, P  =  0  011), logNA (r  =  -0  58, P  =  0  009) and @entity122 (r  =  -0  44, P  =  0  045). There were no significant associations between resting mFS and changes in brachial systolic BP (r  =  -0  26, P>0  05). There were no associations between resting LV mass and changes in any haemodynamic variable (P>0  05). CONCLUSION: Exercise-induced increases in central haemodynamic load reveal associations with lower resting LV function in young healthy @entity1 undetected by traditional peripheral haemodynamics.

title: Relation between exercise central haemodynamic response and resting cardiac structure and function in young healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['WAT', 'Wingate anaerobic test']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: AIM: To analyze inter-vendor differences of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in imaging @entity299 in @entity1 with @entity712 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Eleven @entity1 (all with LBBB, median age 60.7years, 9 males) with implanted cardiac resynchronization therapy devices were prospectively included. Ultrasound systems of two vendors (i.e. General Electric and Philips) were used to record images in the apical four chamber view. Regional longitudinal strain patterns were analyzed with vendor specific software in the basal, mid and apical septal segments. @entity299 ( @entity299 ), @entity6475 ( @entity6475 ) and @entity9009 ( @entity9009 ) were determined during four pacing settings, resulting in 44 unique strain patterns per segment (total 132 patterns). Cross correlation was used to analyze the comparability of the shape of 132 normalized strain patterns. Correlation of strain patterns of the two systems was high (R(2) median: 0.68, interquartile range: 0.53-0.82). Accordingly, strain patterns of intrinsic rhythm were recognized equally using both systems, when divided into three types. GE based @entity299 (18.9  4.7%) was significantly higher than @entity299 determined by the Philips system (13.4  4.3%). @entity6475 was slightly but non-significantly lower in GE (384  77ms) compared to Philips (404  83ms) derived strain signals. Correlation of @entity9009 between the systems was poor, due to minor differences in the strain signal and timing of aortic valve closure. CONCLUSIONS: The two systems provide similar shape of strain patterns. However, important differences are found in the amplitude, timing of systole and @entity9009 . Until STE is standardized, clinical decision making should be restricted to pattern analysis.

title: Comparison of septal strain patterns in XXXX between speckle tracking echocardiography vendor systems.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['dyssynchronous heart failure']

entities_list: @entity9009 :: ('MESH:D018658', 'Disease') :: ['SRS', 'septal rebound stretch']

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to peak strain']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac deformation', 'SS', 'Systolic strain']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['dyssynchronous heart failure']