abstract: BACKGROUND: Myocardial @entity1063 is altered in left @entity67 . In @entity1 with @entity296 ( @entity296 ), this issue has not been addressed. OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of myocardial @entity1063 in @entity1 with @entity296 and compare it in @entity1 with @entity453 , and to relate myocardial @entity1063 to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). METHODS: We studied 39 @entity1 with @entity296 , divided into group 1: 21 individuals with normal LVEF and group 2: 18 individuals with decreased LVEF. Seventeen @entity1 with @entity453 were divided into group 3: 12 individuals with normal LVEF and group 4: 5 individuals with decreased LVEF. Two-dimensional echocardiography was used to measure LVEF. Myocardial @entity1063 was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Myocardial @entity1063 in @entity296 with and without @entity67 was 1.3  1.3 and 6.1  4.2 pg/ g noncollagen protein, respectively (p<0.0001); in @entity453 with and without @entity67 , it was 3.3  3.0 and 9.8  4.2 pg/ g noncollagen protein, respectively (p<0.0001). A positive correlation was found between LVEF and myocardial @entity1063 concentration in the @entity1 with @entity296 (p<0.01, r = 0.57) and also in those with @entity453 (p<0.01, r=0.69). A significant difference was demonstrated between @entity1063 concentrations in @entity1 with normal LVEF (groups 1 and 3; p = 0.0182), but no difference was found in @entity1 with decreased LVEF (groups 2 and 4; p = 0.1467). CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity296 and normal global ejection fraction there is an early cardiac denervation, when compared to @entity453 @entity1 .

title: Intramyocardial adrenergic activation in chagasic @entity296 and XXXX .

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Report the incidence of @entity580 , causative microorganisms, risk factors associated with and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in the NICU of the Uberl  ndia University Hospital. METHODS: Data were collected through the National Healthcare Safety Network surveillance from January 2006 to December 2009. The @entity1 were followed five times/week from their birth to their discharge or @entity204 . RESULTS: The study included 1,443 @entity1 , 209 of these developed NIs, totaling 293 NI episodes, principally bloodstream infections (203; 69.3%) and @entity2024 (52; 17.7%). Device-associated @entity281 rates were as follows: 17.3 primary bloodstream infections per 1,000 central line-days and 3.2 pneumonias per 1000 ventilator-days. The mortality rate in neonates with NI was 11.9%. Mechanical ventilation, total parenteral nutrition, orogastric tube, previous antibiotic therapy, use of CVC and birth weight of 751-1,000g appeared to be associated with a significantly higher risk of NI (p < 0.05). In multiple logistic regression analysis for NI, mechanical ventilation and the use of CVC were independent risk factors (p < 0.05). Coagulase- negative @entity794 (CoNS) (36.5%) and @entity794 (23.6%) were the most common etiologic agents isolated from cultures. The incidences of @entity6101 -resistant CoNS and @entity794 were 81.8% and 25.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent surveillance was very important to evaluate the association of these well-known risk factors with NIs and causative organisms, assisting in drawing the attention of health care professionals to this potent cause of morbidity.

title: XXXX in a Brazilian neonatal intensive care unit: a 4-year surveillance study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'Staphylococcus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity6101 :: ('MESH:D010068', 'Chemical') :: ['oxacillin']

entities_list: @entity2024 :: ('MESH:D003231', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial infections']

answer: @entity580 :: (MESH:D003428,Disease) :: ['Nosocomial infections']


abstract: Rupture of a hydatid cyst into the biliary tract, also known as cystobiliary communication, is the most common complication of hepatic hydatid cyst. This may lead to obstructive @entity1087 , @entity788 , @entity255 , and @entity295 with high mortality. Imaging plays an important role in the preoperative diagnosis of this condition which facilitates its management. We studied six @entity1 with @entity397 of hepatic hydatid cyst into a large bile duct in whom multidetector-row CT (MDCT) suggested the diagnosis. The imaging findings included a single hepatic cyst less than 10 cm in diameter in all the cases; interruption of the cyst wall adjacent to a bile duct signifying cyst-bile duct communication was seen in five @entity1 . The common bile duct was dilated in all the @entity1 , with linear membranes in four and diffuse irregular high dense intrabiliary material observed within the common bile duct in two of them. Intrahepatic ducts were dilated in all the six cases and two @entity1 showed linear dense contents within distended gallbladder. Subcapsular and intrathoracic @entity397 was associated in one @entity1 each. MDCT demonstration of hydatid cyst in the liver together with a dilated common bile duct and distended gallbladder containing high density hydatid material suggest @entity397 of the cyst into biliary tree. MDCT enhances demonstration of the dilated common bile duct with hydatid material inside. The diagnosis is reinforced by the demonstration of the cystobiliary communication itself.

title: XXXX of hepatic hydatid cyst: multidetector-row CT demonstration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['Intrabiliary rupture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) resolves rapidly after bariatric surgery, even before substantial weight is lost. However, the molecular pathways underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. Microarray data has shown that numerous genes are differentially expressed in blood after bariatric surgery, including @entity13490 and @entity1243 . @entity13490 and @entity1243 are circulating hormones derived from adipose tissue, which are associated with @entity28 and insulin resistance. This study examined expression of these genes before and after bariatric surgery in @entity6 @entity1 . METHODS: The study included 16 @entity28 @entity1 who underwent bariatric surgery, either Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or adjustable gastric banding. Eight @entity1 had @entity2175 . Preoperative blood samples were collected in PAXgene tubes to stabilize mRNA. Postoperative samples were collected 3 months after surgery. Total RNA was isolated and cDNA was synthesized. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to quantify mRNA. Results were analyzed using Student's t test with a P<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: Postoperatively, five @entity6 @entity1 had discontinued hypoglycemic medications and one showed improved glycemic control. Both @entity1243 and @entity13490 mRNA levels were elevated in the @entity6 group but decreased after surgery to levels near those of the nondiabetic group. Greater downregulation of @entity13490 and @entity1243 expression occurred in @entity1 who lost more excess body weight (EBW), while @entity1 who lost less than 10% EBW had a mean increase in expression of the two genes. Downregulation of both genes was more pronounced after RYGB compared to gastric banding. CONCLUSIONS: Downregulation of @entity13490 and @entity1243 gene expression after bariatric surgery may play a role in normalizing @entity28 -associated insulin resistance. Interestingly, downregulation is greater after RYGB and in @entity1 who lose a greater proportion of EBW. Targeted therapies for @entity28 and @entity6 may be developed by understanding the pathways by which these adipocytokines contribute to @entity28 and @entity2175 .

title: Downregulation of @entity1243 and XXXX expression in blood following bariatric surgery.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['T2D', 'Type 2 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic and nondiabetic obese', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity13490 :: (56729,Gene) :: ['resistin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) resolves rapidly after bariatric surgery, even before substantial weight is lost. However, the molecular pathways underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. Microarray data has shown that numerous genes are differentially expressed in blood after bariatric surgery, including @entity13490 and @entity1243 . @entity13490 and @entity1243 are circulating hormones derived from adipose tissue, which are associated with @entity28 and insulin resistance. This study examined expression of these genes before and after bariatric surgery in @entity6 @entity1 . METHODS: The study included 16 @entity28 @entity1 who underwent bariatric surgery, either Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or adjustable gastric banding. Eight @entity1 had @entity2175 . Preoperative blood samples were collected in PAXgene tubes to stabilize mRNA. Postoperative samples were collected 3 months after surgery. Total RNA was isolated and cDNA was synthesized. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to quantify mRNA. Results were analyzed using Student's t test with a P<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: Postoperatively, five @entity6 @entity1 had discontinued hypoglycemic medications and one showed improved glycemic control. Both @entity1243 and @entity13490 mRNA levels were elevated in the @entity6 group but decreased after surgery to levels near those of the nondiabetic group. Greater downregulation of @entity13490 and @entity1243 expression occurred in @entity1 who lost more excess body weight (EBW), while @entity1 who lost less than 10% EBW had a mean increase in expression of the two genes. Downregulation of both genes was more pronounced after RYGB compared to gastric banding. CONCLUSIONS: Downregulation of @entity13490 and @entity1243 gene expression after bariatric surgery may play a role in normalizing @entity28 -associated insulin resistance. Interestingly, downregulation is greater after RYGB and in @entity1 who lose a greater proportion of EBW. Targeted therapies for @entity28 and @entity6 may be developed by understanding the pathways by which these adipocytokines contribute to @entity28 and @entity2175 .

title: Downregulation of XXXX and @entity13490 expression in blood following bariatric surgery.

answer: @entity1243 :: (3952,Gene) :: ['leptin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The psychopathological symptoms occurring in the course of diseases associated with @entity281 are often initially isolated and non-characteristic, and may cause diagnostic difficulties. Moreover, such disorders tend to be less responsive to @entity146 management. Among possible causes such as @entity130 , @entity5 and vascular changes, inflammatory changes of the brain as a  result of a  @entity1800 should also be considered. There were 452 registered cases of @entity11410 in Poland in 2010, and although not very prevalent they remain a  severe and life-threatening condition. What is more, the frequently occurring neurological and @entity146 complications of @entity11410 often result in @entity2319 , causing a  significant decrease in the quality of life. This article presents the three types of @entity198 that are most prevalent among immunocompetent @entity1 in Poland, i.e. @entity10926 ( @entity10926 ), @entity17991 ( @entity17991 ) and herpes @entity6079 (HZE). The psychopathology of the acute phase of the @entity281 , the residual symptoms, features apparent in imaging studies and some neuropathological aspects are also presented. The paper also focuses on @entity146 aspects of the diagnostics and treatment of the described conditions. The clinical pictures of these @entity281 are quite specific, although they cover a  wide range of symptoms, and these characteristic features are described. The aim of this review is also to show the significance of thorough diagnostics and a  multidisciplinary approach to @entity1 with @entity23798 .

title: Psychiatric Aspects of Herpes Simplex @entity198 , XXXX and Herpes @entity6079 Among Immunocompetent @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity17991 :: ('MESH:D004675', 'Disease') :: ['TBE', 'tick-borne encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity11410 :: ('MESH:D018792', 'Disease') :: ['viral encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity6079 :: ('MESH:D020804', 'Disease') :: ['zoster encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['permanent disabilities']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

entities_list: @entity23798 :: ('MESH:D020805', 'Disease') :: ['viral CNS infections']

entities_list: @entity10926 :: ('MESH:D020803', 'Disease') :: ['herpes simplex encephalitis', 'HSE']

answer: @entity17991 :: (MESH:D004675,Disease) :: ['Tick-Borne Encephalitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The psychopathological symptoms occurring in the course of diseases associated with @entity281 are often initially isolated and non-characteristic, and may cause diagnostic difficulties. Moreover, such disorders tend to be less responsive to @entity146 management. Among possible causes such as @entity130 , @entity5 and vascular changes, inflammatory changes of the brain as a  result of a  @entity1800 should also be considered. There were 452 registered cases of @entity11410 in Poland in 2010, and although not very prevalent they remain a  severe and life-threatening condition. What is more, the frequently occurring neurological and @entity146 complications of @entity11410 often result in @entity2319 , causing a  significant decrease in the quality of life. This article presents the three types of @entity198 that are most prevalent among immunocompetent @entity1 in Poland, i.e. @entity10926 ( @entity10926 ), @entity17991 ( @entity17991 ) and herpes @entity6079 (HZE). The psychopathology of the acute phase of the @entity281 , the residual symptoms, features apparent in imaging studies and some neuropathological aspects are also presented. The paper also focuses on @entity146 aspects of the diagnostics and treatment of the described conditions. The clinical pictures of these @entity281 are quite specific, although they cover a  wide range of symptoms, and these characteristic features are described. The aim of this review is also to show the significance of thorough diagnostics and a  multidisciplinary approach to @entity1 with @entity23798 .

title: Psychiatric Aspects of Herpes Simplex XXXX , @entity17991 and Herpes @entity6079 Among Immunocompetent @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['Encephalitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The psychopathological symptoms occurring in the course of diseases associated with @entity281 are often initially isolated and non-characteristic, and may cause diagnostic difficulties. Moreover, such disorders tend to be less responsive to @entity146 management. Among possible causes such as @entity130 , @entity5 and vascular changes, inflammatory changes of the brain as a  result of a  @entity1800 should also be considered. There were 452 registered cases of @entity11410 in Poland in 2010, and although not very prevalent they remain a  severe and life-threatening condition. What is more, the frequently occurring neurological and @entity146 complications of @entity11410 often result in @entity2319 , causing a  significant decrease in the quality of life. This article presents the three types of @entity198 that are most prevalent among immunocompetent @entity1 in Poland, i.e. @entity10926 ( @entity10926 ), @entity17991 ( @entity17991 ) and herpes @entity6079 (HZE). The psychopathology of the acute phase of the @entity281 , the residual symptoms, features apparent in imaging studies and some neuropathological aspects are also presented. The paper also focuses on @entity146 aspects of the diagnostics and treatment of the described conditions. The clinical pictures of these @entity281 are quite specific, although they cover a  wide range of symptoms, and these characteristic features are described. The aim of this review is also to show the significance of thorough diagnostics and a  multidisciplinary approach to @entity1 with @entity23798 .

title: Psychiatric Aspects of Herpes Simplex @entity198 , @entity17991 and Herpes XXXX Among Immunocompetent @entity1 .

answer: @entity6079 :: (MESH:D020804,Disease) :: ['Zoster Encephalitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The psychopathological symptoms occurring in the course of diseases associated with @entity281 are often initially isolated and non-characteristic, and may cause diagnostic difficulties. Moreover, such disorders tend to be less responsive to @entity146 management. Among possible causes such as @entity130 , @entity5 and vascular changes, inflammatory changes of the brain as a  result of a  @entity1800 should also be considered. There were 452 registered cases of @entity11410 in Poland in 2010, and although not very prevalent they remain a  severe and life-threatening condition. What is more, the frequently occurring neurological and @entity146 complications of @entity11410 often result in @entity2319 , causing a  significant decrease in the quality of life. This article presents the three types of @entity198 that are most prevalent among immunocompetent @entity1 in Poland, i.e. @entity10926 ( @entity10926 ), @entity17991 ( @entity17991 ) and herpes @entity6079 (HZE). The psychopathology of the acute phase of the @entity281 , the residual symptoms, features apparent in imaging studies and some neuropathological aspects are also presented. The paper also focuses on @entity146 aspects of the diagnostics and treatment of the described conditions. The clinical pictures of these @entity281 are quite specific, although they cover a  wide range of symptoms, and these characteristic features are described. The aim of this review is also to show the significance of thorough diagnostics and a  multidisciplinary approach to @entity1 with @entity23798 .

title: Psychiatric Aspects of Herpes Simplex @entity198 , @entity17991 and Herpes @entity6079 Among Immunocompetent XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Multiple methods to detect @entity955 ( @entity955 ) in @entity1 with @entity64 are available. However, it is unknown which approaches are currently used in clinical routine and guidelines remain vague to the extent of cardiac monitoring. We characterize diagnostic efforts for @entity955 detection on German @entity64 units (SU). METHODS: A standardized anonymous questionnaire was sent to all clinical leads of certified SUs in Germany. The questionnaire focused on basic characteristics of SUs, procedures to detect AF, and estimates on AF detection. RESULTS: One hundred seventy-nine SU leads participated (response rate 71.6%). All @entity1 undergo continuous bedside ECG monitoring. A percentage of 77.6 SUs initiate additional 24-hour Holter ECG in >50% of @entity1 without known AF. @entity1 with transient @entity63 attack are monitored significantly shorter than @entity1 with @entity385 . Independent of SU type or size, 67.6% of leads assumed to fail detecting @entity955 in 5% to 20% of @entity1 . In cryptogenic @entity64 , additional ECG monitoring is recommended by 90.2% but only 13.8% of SUs perform routine ECG follow-up visits. The use of implanted event recorders is low (1-10 @entity1 /y by 60.7% of SUs; 28.1%: no use). A percentage of 83.9 do not use external event recorders. CONCLUSIONS: Our survey demonstrates substantial heterogeneity among German SUs on diagnostic work-up for @entity955 . Future prospective multicenter studies should systematically evaluate the impact of different methods to uncover @entity955 .

title: Diagnostic work-up for detection of @entity955 after acute @entity385 : cross-sectional survey on german XXXX units.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['paroxysmal atrial fibrillation', 'pAF']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Multiple methods to detect @entity955 ( @entity955 ) in @entity1 with @entity64 are available. However, it is unknown which approaches are currently used in clinical routine and guidelines remain vague to the extent of cardiac monitoring. We characterize diagnostic efforts for @entity955 detection on German @entity64 units (SU). METHODS: A standardized anonymous questionnaire was sent to all clinical leads of certified SUs in Germany. The questionnaire focused on basic characteristics of SUs, procedures to detect AF, and estimates on AF detection. RESULTS: One hundred seventy-nine SU leads participated (response rate 71.6%). All @entity1 undergo continuous bedside ECG monitoring. A percentage of 77.6 SUs initiate additional 24-hour Holter ECG in >50% of @entity1 without known AF. @entity1 with transient @entity63 attack are monitored significantly shorter than @entity1 with @entity385 . Independent of SU type or size, 67.6% of leads assumed to fail detecting @entity955 in 5% to 20% of @entity1 . In cryptogenic @entity64 , additional ECG monitoring is recommended by 90.2% but only 13.8% of SUs perform routine ECG follow-up visits. The use of implanted event recorders is low (1-10 @entity1 /y by 60.7% of SUs; 28.1%: no use). A percentage of 83.9 do not use external event recorders. CONCLUSIONS: Our survey demonstrates substantial heterogeneity among German SUs on diagnostic work-up for @entity955 . Future prospective multicenter studies should systematically evaluate the impact of different methods to uncover @entity955 .

title: Diagnostic work-up for detection of XXXX after acute @entity385 : cross-sectional survey on german @entity64 units.

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['paroxysmal atrial fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Multiple methods to detect @entity955 ( @entity955 ) in @entity1 with @entity64 are available. However, it is unknown which approaches are currently used in clinical routine and guidelines remain vague to the extent of cardiac monitoring. We characterize diagnostic efforts for @entity955 detection on German @entity64 units (SU). METHODS: A standardized anonymous questionnaire was sent to all clinical leads of certified SUs in Germany. The questionnaire focused on basic characteristics of SUs, procedures to detect AF, and estimates on AF detection. RESULTS: One hundred seventy-nine SU leads participated (response rate 71.6%). All @entity1 undergo continuous bedside ECG monitoring. A percentage of 77.6 SUs initiate additional 24-hour Holter ECG in >50% of @entity1 without known AF. @entity1 with transient @entity63 attack are monitored significantly shorter than @entity1 with @entity385 . Independent of SU type or size, 67.6% of leads assumed to fail detecting @entity955 in 5% to 20% of @entity1 . In cryptogenic @entity64 , additional ECG monitoring is recommended by 90.2% but only 13.8% of SUs perform routine ECG follow-up visits. The use of implanted event recorders is low (1-10 @entity1 /y by 60.7% of SUs; 28.1%: no use). A percentage of 83.9 do not use external event recorders. CONCLUSIONS: Our survey demonstrates substantial heterogeneity among German SUs on diagnostic work-up for @entity955 . Future prospective multicenter studies should systematically evaluate the impact of different methods to uncover @entity955 .

title: Diagnostic work-up for detection of @entity955 after acute XXXX : cross-sectional survey on german @entity64 units.

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore interactions between audiology @entity1 and volunteers, to describe encounters and define the role of volunteers. METHODS: Qualitative ethnographic and interview study of volunteer- @entity1 interactions. Ten volunteer @entity1 from two volunteer schemes in South West England were observed and interviewed. Three @entity1 @entity1 were interviewed. RESULTS: Analysis of observational data showed that volunteers provided support relating to local services and hearing aids, but did not engage in discussions about @entity393 . Interviews with volunteers identified gaps in audiology provision, including accessible services and clear information and highlighted a need for more support from audiology services to enable them to fulfil their role. @entity13997 with @entity1 mimicked a clinician- @entity1 encounter and volunteers employed strategies and behaviours used by professional audiologists. CONCLUSIONS: Audiology volunteers could provide an accessible bridge between health services and the community but their care is limited to focus on hearing aids. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Volunteers enable @entity1 to use hearing aids appropriately and are a core element of current care arrangements. However, volunteers express a need for adequate support from audiology services. Volunteers have the potential to increase service capacity and to bridge the gaps between community and audiology healthcare services.

title: The role of volunteer support in the community for adults with XXXX and hearing aids.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity13997 :: ('MESH:C563663', 'Disease') :: ['Volunteer interactions']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['hearing loss']


abstract: Cell-based therapy has achieved promising functional recovery for peripheral nerve repair. Although Schwann cells (SCs) and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are the main cell source for nerve tissue engineering, the clinical application is limited because of donor site morbidity, the invasive procedure, and the decreased number of SCs and BM-MSCs. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) could be a promising cell source for nerve tissue engineering because they are easily accessible and their use has no ethical issues. We investigated the phenotypic, molecular and functional characteristics of WJMSCs differentiated along a Schwann-cell lineage. Cultured WJMSCs were isolated from @entity1 umbilical cord, and the undifferentiated WJMSCs were confirmed by the detection of MSC-specific cell-surface markers. WJMSCs treated with a mixture of glial growth factors (basic fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor and @entity1928 ) adopted a spindle-like morphology similar to SCs. Immunocytochemical staining, RT-PCR analysis, and Western blot analysis revealed that the treated cells expressed the glial markers glial fibrillary acidic protein, @entity2251 , S100 and P0 and indicative of differentiation. On co-culture with dorsal root ganglia neurons, the differentiated WJMSCs enhanced the number of sprouting neurites and neurite length in dorsal root ganglia neurons. Furthermore, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RT-PCR methodology, we found differentiated WJMSCs secrete and express neurotrophic factors, including @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ), @entity4150 ( @entity4150 ), and @entity19562 (NT-3). Quantification of neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells grown in differentiated WJMSCs-conditioned media demonstrates that the neurite length is significantly more than control medium and undifferentiated WJMSCs group. WJMSCs can be differentiated into cells that are Schwann-like in terms of morphologic features, phenotype, and function and could be suitable Schwann-cell substitutes for nerve repair in clinical applications.

title: XXXX umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into a Schwann-cell phenotype and promote neurite outgrowth in vitro.

entities_list: @entity4150 :: ('4803', 'Gene') :: ['nerve growth factor', 'NGF']

entities_list: @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['brain-derived neurotrophic factor', 'BDNF']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Coverage of celiac artery (CA) during @entity2334 repair (TEVAR) has been performed to extend the distal seal zone for which preliminary results and short-term follow-up have been reported. We aim to show the outcomes up to 81  months after CA coverage during TEVAR. METHODS: @entity1 undergoing TEVAR with coverage of the CA origin from 2005 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Points of analysis include indications for covering the CA, demonstration of collateral circulation between the CA and @entity6029 ( @entity6029 ), anatomic features of the distal landing zone, rate of reintervention, technical success, presence of clinical @entity63 symptoms after the procedure, and mortality. RESULTS: During the 9-year period, 366 @entity1 underwent TEVAR, 18 (5%) of whom had CA coverage. Eleven (61%) had TEVAR with CA coverage due to a @entity439 , three (17%) had thoracic aortic dissection related to @entity439 , and four (22%) had previous TEVAR with a type Ib endoleak (EL) requiring distal coverage. Mesenteric angiography in preparation for TEVAR with CA coverage diagnosed a @entity6029 in one @entity1 that was treated with stenting before the index procedure. At the conclusion of the indicated procedure, two @entity1 (11%) had a type Ia EL and two @entity1 (11%) had a type Ib EL. Three of the type I ELs required reintervention. Two @entity1 (11%) had a type II EL, both of which were managed with observation and resolved. Reintervention was required in 27% of @entity1 . @entity260 included @entity63 in 2 (11%), @entity353 in 1 (5%), @entity2759 in 2 (11%), a cerebrovascular event in 1 (6%), and @entity204 in 1 (6%). The mean follow-up period was 38  months (range, 0.5-81  months). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis of outcomes up to 81  months supports the suitability of covering the CA in selected @entity1 for extending the distal landing zone to the visceral aortic level above the @entity6029 or when alternative branch vessel treatment is unavailable. Preoperative angiographic evaluation of the mesenteric collaterals and early postoperative surveillance may limit @entity260 . Once the CA is covered, new symptoms do not develop unless the @entity6029 is compromised.

title: Outcomes up to 81  months after celiac artery coverage during XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['visceral ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications', 'postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic endovascular aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2759 :: ('MESH:D020760', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord ischemia']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['superior mesenteric artery', 'critical SMA stenosis', 'SMA']

answer: @entity2334 :: (MESH:D017545,Disease) :: ['thoracic endovascular aortic aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study whether physician presence in the nursing home is related to clinical decision making, certainty, and honoring care preferences for @entity1 with @entity303 and @entity55 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of physicians. SETTING: Nursing homes in the United States and the Netherlands. @entity1 : Twenty-four US and 38 Dutch physicians who provide care for nursing home @entity1 . MEASUREMENTS: Physicians reported their presence in the nursing home, diagnostic and treatment decisions for @entity1 with @entity303 who had @entity55 , certainty about the diagnosis and @entity1 and family preferences, and the extent to which they honored these preferences. These variables were examined in reference to physician presence in the nursing home. RESULTS: Physicians with higher nursing home presence were less likely to order a chest x-ray and to hospitalize @entity1 with @entity303 and @entity55 , although this difference was not significant when adjusted for country. They also were more likely to be certain of family preferences, a difference that held even when adjusted for the strong confounder of country. CONCLUSION: Physician presence in the nursing home relates to some treatment decisions for @entity1 with @entity303 and @entity55 . Policies that affect physician presence may change health care practices and related costs. Future studies should more closely examine how physicians use their time so as to better understand the importance of presence and what the US health care system might learn from the Dutch system.

title: The importance of physician presence in nursing homes for residents with @entity303 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study whether physician presence in the nursing home is related to clinical decision making, certainty, and honoring care preferences for @entity1 with @entity303 and @entity55 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of physicians. SETTING: Nursing homes in the United States and the Netherlands. @entity1 : Twenty-four US and 38 Dutch physicians who provide care for nursing home @entity1 . MEASUREMENTS: Physicians reported their presence in the nursing home, diagnostic and treatment decisions for @entity1 with @entity303 who had @entity55 , certainty about the diagnosis and @entity1 and family preferences, and the extent to which they honored these preferences. These variables were examined in reference to physician presence in the nursing home. RESULTS: Physicians with higher nursing home presence were less likely to order a chest x-ray and to hospitalize @entity1 with @entity303 and @entity55 , although this difference was not significant when adjusted for country. They also were more likely to be certain of family preferences, a difference that held even when adjusted for the strong confounder of country. CONCLUSION: Physician presence in the nursing home relates to some treatment decisions for @entity1 with @entity303 and @entity55 . Policies that affect physician presence may change health care practices and related costs. Future studies should more closely examine how physicians use their time so as to better understand the importance of presence and what the US health care system might learn from the Dutch system.

title: The importance of physician presence in nursing homes for residents with XXXX and @entity55 .

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: AIMS: To conduct a @entity1 -level meta-analysis of the EDITION 1, 2 and 3 studies, which compared the efficacy and safety of new insulin glargine 300 U/ml ( @entity9984 -300) with insulin glargine 100 U/ml ( @entity9984 -100) in @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 (T2DM) on basal and mealtime insulin, basal insulin and oral antihyperglycaemic drugs, or no prior insulin, respectively. METHODS: The EDITION studies were multicentre, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, phase IIIa studies, with similar designs and endpoints. A @entity1 -level meta-analysis of the studies enabled these endpoints to be examined over 6 months in a large population with T2DM ( @entity9984 -300, n = 1247; @entity9984 -100, n = 1249). RESULTS: No significant study-by-treatment interactions across studies were found, enabling them to be pooled. The mean change in glycated haemoglobin was comparable for @entity9984 -300 and @entity9984 -100 [each -1.02 (standard error 0.03)%; least squares (LS) mean difference 0.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.08 to 0.07)%]. Annualized rates of confirmed ( <=3.9 mmol/l) or severe hypoglycaemia were lower with @entity9984 -300 than with @entity9984 -100 during the night (31% difference in rate ratio over 6 months) and at any time (24 h, 14% difference). Consistent reductions were observed in percentage of @entity1 with >= 1 hypoglycaemic event. Severe hypoglycaemia at any time (24 h) was rare ( @entity9984 -300: 2.3%; @entity9984 -100: 2.6%). Weight gain was low (<1 kg) in both groups, with @entity1017 with @entity9984 -300 [LS mean difference -0.28 kg (95% CI -0.55 to -0.01); p = 0.039]. Both treatments were well tolerated, with similar rates of adverse events. CONCLUSION: @entity9984 -300 provides comparable glycaemic control to @entity9984 -100 in a large population with a broad clinical spectrum of T2DM, with consistently less hypoglycaemia at any time of day and @entity7965 .

title: @entity1 -level meta-analysis of the EDITION 1, 2 and 3 studies: glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia with new insulin glargine 300 U/ml versus glargine 100 U/ml in @entity1 with type 2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity7965 :: ('MESH:D006457', 'Disease') :: ['less nocturnal hypoglycaemia']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: AIMS: To conduct a @entity1 -level meta-analysis of the EDITION 1, 2 and 3 studies, which compared the efficacy and safety of new insulin glargine 300 U/ml ( @entity9984 -300) with insulin glargine 100 U/ml ( @entity9984 -100) in @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 (T2DM) on basal and mealtime insulin, basal insulin and oral antihyperglycaemic drugs, or no prior insulin, respectively. METHODS: The EDITION studies were multicentre, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, phase IIIa studies, with similar designs and endpoints. A @entity1 -level meta-analysis of the studies enabled these endpoints to be examined over 6 months in a large population with T2DM ( @entity9984 -300, n = 1247; @entity9984 -100, n = 1249). RESULTS: No significant study-by-treatment interactions across studies were found, enabling them to be pooled. The mean change in glycated haemoglobin was comparable for @entity9984 -300 and @entity9984 -100 [each -1.02 (standard error 0.03)%; least squares (LS) mean difference 0.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.08 to 0.07)%]. Annualized rates of confirmed ( <=3.9 mmol/l) or severe hypoglycaemia were lower with @entity9984 -300 than with @entity9984 -100 during the night (31% difference in rate ratio over 6 months) and at any time (24 h, 14% difference). Consistent reductions were observed in percentage of @entity1 with >= 1 hypoglycaemic event. Severe hypoglycaemia at any time (24 h) was rare ( @entity9984 -300: 2.3%; @entity9984 -100: 2.6%). Weight gain was low (<1 kg) in both groups, with @entity1017 with @entity9984 -300 [LS mean difference -0.28 kg (95% CI -0.55 to -0.01); p = 0.039]. Both treatments were well tolerated, with similar rates of adverse events. CONCLUSION: @entity9984 -300 provides comparable glycaemic control to @entity9984 -100 in a large population with a broad clinical spectrum of T2DM, with consistently less hypoglycaemia at any time of day and @entity7965 .

title: XXXX -level meta-analysis of the EDITION 1, 2 and 3 studies: glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia with new insulin glargine 300 U/ml versus glargine 100 U/ml in @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: AIMS: To conduct a @entity1 -level meta-analysis of the EDITION 1, 2 and 3 studies, which compared the efficacy and safety of new insulin glargine 300 U/ml ( @entity9984 -300) with insulin glargine 100 U/ml ( @entity9984 -100) in @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 (T2DM) on basal and mealtime insulin, basal insulin and oral antihyperglycaemic drugs, or no prior insulin, respectively. METHODS: The EDITION studies were multicentre, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, phase IIIa studies, with similar designs and endpoints. A @entity1 -level meta-analysis of the studies enabled these endpoints to be examined over 6 months in a large population with T2DM ( @entity9984 -300, n = 1247; @entity9984 -100, n = 1249). RESULTS: No significant study-by-treatment interactions across studies were found, enabling them to be pooled. The mean change in glycated haemoglobin was comparable for @entity9984 -300 and @entity9984 -100 [each -1.02 (standard error 0.03)%; least squares (LS) mean difference 0.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.08 to 0.07)%]. Annualized rates of confirmed ( <=3.9 mmol/l) or severe hypoglycaemia were lower with @entity9984 -300 than with @entity9984 -100 during the night (31% difference in rate ratio over 6 months) and at any time (24 h, 14% difference). Consistent reductions were observed in percentage of @entity1 with >= 1 hypoglycaemic event. Severe hypoglycaemia at any time (24 h) was rare ( @entity9984 -300: 2.3%; @entity9984 -100: 2.6%). Weight gain was low (<1 kg) in both groups, with @entity1017 with @entity9984 -300 [LS mean difference -0.28 kg (95% CI -0.55 to -0.01); p = 0.039]. Both treatments were well tolerated, with similar rates of adverse events. CONCLUSION: @entity9984 -300 provides comparable glycaemic control to @entity9984 -100 in a large population with a broad clinical spectrum of T2DM, with consistently less hypoglycaemia at any time of day and @entity7965 .

title: @entity1 -level meta-analysis of the EDITION 1, 2 and 3 studies: glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia with new insulin glargine 300 U/ml versus glargine 100 U/ml in XXXX with type 2 @entity6 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: @entity43 in pregnancy are a diagnostic and management challenge that is increasingly being faced by the clinician. While most masses are benign and resolve spontaneously, there are others that persist and indicate the need for surgical management. Ultrasound not only detects asymptomatic masses but also helps to guide their management based on presence or absence of features suspicious of @entity5 . The role of @entity5 markers in pregnancy is limited due to their non-specific nature. Most masses treated in pregnancy are benign (most commonly dermoids), and most @entity5 are either of low malignant potential or germ cell @entity5 , usually early stage disease. Surgical management is indicated for symptomatic masses or those with increasing size or complexity indicating possible @entity5 . Both laparoscopy and laparotomy have similar results with regard to obstetric outcome. Conservative management is preferred in the remainder. MRI may help in better characterization of doubtful masses. National @entity5 registries can help to establish guidelines.

title: XXXX in pregnancy: a literature review.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian tumours']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'malignancy', 'malignancies', 'tumour']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian tumours']


abstract: PURPOSE: Recent innovations in CT enable the evolution from mere morphologic imaging to dynamic and functional testing. We describe our initial experience performing myocardial stress perfusion CT in a clinical population with acute @entity662 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Myocardial stress perfusion CT was performed on twenty consecutive @entity1 (15 @entity1 , 5 @entity1 ; mean age 65    8 years) who presented with acute @entity662 and were clinically referred for stress/rest SPECT and cardiac MRI. Prior to CT each @entity1 was randomly assigned either to Group A or to Group B in a consecutive order (10 @entity1 per group). Group A underwent @entity859 -stress dynamic real-time myocardial perfusion CT using a novel "shuttle" mode on a 2nd generation dual-source CT. Group B underwent @entity859 -stress first-pass dual-energy myocardial perfusion CT using the same CT scanner in dual-energy mode. Two experienced observers visually analyzed all CT perfusion studies. CT findings were compared with MRI and SPECT. RESULTS: In Group A 149/170 @entity296 (88%) could be evaluated. Real-time perfusion CT (versus SPECT) had 86% (84%) sensitivity, 98% (92%) specificity, 94% (88%) positive predictive value, and 96% (92%) negative predictive value in comparison with perfusion MRI for the detection of myocardial perfusion defects. In Group B all @entity296 were available for analysis. Compared with MRI, dual-energy myocardial perfusion CT (versus SPECT) had 93% (94%) sensitivity, 99% (98%) specificity, 92% (88%) positive predictive value, and 96% (94%) negative predictive value for detecting hypoperfused @entity296 . CONCLUSION: Our results suggest the clinical feasibility of myocardial perfusion CT imaging in @entity1 with acute @entity662 . Compared to MRI and SPECT both, dynamic real-time perfusion CT and first-pass dual-energy perfusion CT showed good agreement for the detection of myocardial perfusion defects.

title: @entity859 -stress dynamic real-time myocardial perfusion CT and @entity859 -stress first-pass dual-energy myocardial perfusion CT for the assessment of acute XXXX : initial results.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial segments']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['chest pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: Recent innovations in CT enable the evolution from mere morphologic imaging to dynamic and functional testing. We describe our initial experience performing myocardial stress perfusion CT in a clinical population with acute @entity662 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Myocardial stress perfusion CT was performed on twenty consecutive @entity1 (15 @entity1 , 5 @entity1 ; mean age 65    8 years) who presented with acute @entity662 and were clinically referred for stress/rest SPECT and cardiac MRI. Prior to CT each @entity1 was randomly assigned either to Group A or to Group B in a consecutive order (10 @entity1 per group). Group A underwent @entity859 -stress dynamic real-time myocardial perfusion CT using a novel "shuttle" mode on a 2nd generation dual-source CT. Group B underwent @entity859 -stress first-pass dual-energy myocardial perfusion CT using the same CT scanner in dual-energy mode. Two experienced observers visually analyzed all CT perfusion studies. CT findings were compared with MRI and SPECT. RESULTS: In Group A 149/170 @entity296 (88%) could be evaluated. Real-time perfusion CT (versus SPECT) had 86% (84%) sensitivity, 98% (92%) specificity, 94% (88%) positive predictive value, and 96% (92%) negative predictive value in comparison with perfusion MRI for the detection of myocardial perfusion defects. In Group B all @entity296 were available for analysis. Compared with MRI, dual-energy myocardial perfusion CT (versus SPECT) had 93% (94%) sensitivity, 99% (98%) specificity, 92% (88%) positive predictive value, and 96% (94%) negative predictive value for detecting hypoperfused @entity296 . CONCLUSION: Our results suggest the clinical feasibility of myocardial perfusion CT imaging in @entity1 with acute @entity662 . Compared to MRI and SPECT both, dynamic real-time perfusion CT and first-pass dual-energy perfusion CT showed good agreement for the detection of myocardial perfusion defects.

title: XXXX -stress dynamic real-time myocardial perfusion CT and @entity859 -stress first-pass dual-energy myocardial perfusion CT for the assessment of acute @entity662 : initial results.

answer: @entity859 :: (MESH:D000241,Chemical) :: ['Adenosine']


abstract: PURPOSE: Recent innovations in CT enable the evolution from mere morphologic imaging to dynamic and functional testing. We describe our initial experience performing myocardial stress perfusion CT in a clinical population with acute @entity662 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Myocardial stress perfusion CT was performed on twenty consecutive @entity1 (15 @entity1 , 5 @entity1 ; mean age 65    8 years) who presented with acute @entity662 and were clinically referred for stress/rest SPECT and cardiac MRI. Prior to CT each @entity1 was randomly assigned either to Group A or to Group B in a consecutive order (10 @entity1 per group). Group A underwent @entity859 -stress dynamic real-time myocardial perfusion CT using a novel "shuttle" mode on a 2nd generation dual-source CT. Group B underwent @entity859 -stress first-pass dual-energy myocardial perfusion CT using the same CT scanner in dual-energy mode. Two experienced observers visually analyzed all CT perfusion studies. CT findings were compared with MRI and SPECT. RESULTS: In Group A 149/170 @entity296 (88%) could be evaluated. Real-time perfusion CT (versus SPECT) had 86% (84%) sensitivity, 98% (92%) specificity, 94% (88%) positive predictive value, and 96% (92%) negative predictive value in comparison with perfusion MRI for the detection of myocardial perfusion defects. In Group B all @entity296 were available for analysis. Compared with MRI, dual-energy myocardial perfusion CT (versus SPECT) had 93% (94%) sensitivity, 99% (98%) specificity, 92% (88%) positive predictive value, and 96% (94%) negative predictive value for detecting hypoperfused @entity296 . CONCLUSION: Our results suggest the clinical feasibility of myocardial perfusion CT imaging in @entity1 with acute @entity662 . Compared to MRI and SPECT both, dynamic real-time perfusion CT and first-pass dual-energy perfusion CT showed good agreement for the detection of myocardial perfusion defects.

title: @entity859 -stress dynamic real-time myocardial perfusion CT and XXXX -stress first-pass dual-energy myocardial perfusion CT for the assessment of acute @entity662 : initial results.

answer: @entity859 :: (MESH:D000241,Chemical) :: ['adenosine']


abstract: Alterations in peripheral nerves are well documented in overt @entity3568 but not in @entity1375 . We performed electrophysiologic studies to investigate such abnormalities in @entity1 with normal serum total T4 and hyperresponsiveness of TSH to @entity1218 , either with normal or high levels of basal circulating TSH. Subjects were divided in three groups: (i) @entity1375 Stage I (group () (n = 17, mean age = 39 +/- 34 years), T4 = 9 +/- 0.7 micrograms/dL, TSH = 4.3 +/- 0.4 microU/mL, sTSH post- @entity1218 (peak value) = 37.6 +/- 1.6 microU/mL; (ii) @entity1375 Stage II (group II) (n = 10, mean age: 43 +/- 6 years), T4 = 7.7 +/- 0.8 microgram/dL, TSH = 20 +/- 5 microU/mL, TSH post- @entity1218 > 50 microU/mL; (iii) Control Group (n = 20, mean age 41 +/- 5 years), healthy subjects. All @entity1 and controls were @entity1 . @entity1218 test consisted in the i.v. injection of 200 micrograms @entity1218 (normal peak value up to 25 microU/mL, normal basal TSH < 5.5 microU/mL. None of the @entity1 had @entity923 or any other @entity16 . We studied the distal motor latencies, motor and sensory amplitudes, and nerve conduction velocities. The motor parameters were measured in the median and external sciatic popliteal (ESP) nerves, and the sensory parameters in the median and sural nerves. In most cases values were obtained from both right and left nerves. Motor parameters: no differences were found between all groups for conduction velocities (CV).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Peripheral neuropathy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['Hypothyroidism', 'subclinical hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological or metabolic disturbances']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel syndrome']

answer: @entity1375 :: (MESH:D007037,Disease) :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism']


abstract: @entity1120 is the most frequent @entity2315 . It is a progressive @entity102 that can lead to substantial bone and joint @entity1503 . This progressive disease severely worsens the @entity1 ' quality of life. Over the past 20 years, enzymatic treatment has considerably improved both symptoms and quality of life. Yet, bone and @entity16 may be irreversible. This emphasizes the importance of rigorous follow-up so as to begin uninterrupted treatment before lesion onset. The transition from pediatric to adult care is a major concern for chronic @entity1 . This step is often associated with follow-up problems and may lead to disease worsening. We present three cases of @entity1 who were lost to follow-up during the transition phase. For all 3 @entity1 , the disease notably worsened because follow-up was interrupted during this period.

title: [Difficult transitions from paediatric to adult care in type 1 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2315 :: ('MESH:D016464', 'Disease') :: ['lysosomal storage disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['joint damage']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['damage and hematological cytopenias']

entities_list: @entity1120 :: ('MESH:D005776', 'Disease') :: ['Gaucher disease']

answer: @entity1120 :: (MESH:D005776,Disease) :: ['Gaucher disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this work was to statistically evaluate the outcomes achieved by isolated extraction of mandibular teeth (second premolars or first molars) for @entity1538 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Part A of the study dealt with the quality of outcomes at the end of active treatment, using weighted Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) scores determined on the basis of casts for 25 (14 female and 11 male) consecutive @entity1 aged 16        1.7 years at the time of debonding. These results were compared to the scores in a randomly selected control group of 25 (14 female and 11 male) @entity1 who were 14.7        1.9 years old at debonding. Part B evaluated the long-term stability of the outcomes based on 12 (all of them female) @entity1 available for examination after a mean of 11.8 years. The mean weighted PAR scores obtained in both study parts were analyzed for statistical differences using a two-tailed paired Student's t-test at a significance level of p    <=   0.05. RESULTS: Mean weighted PAR scores of 4.76        3.94 and 3.92        3.44 were obtained in the Class III extraction group and the control group, respectively, at the end of active treatment. This difference was not significant (p   =   0.49). Among the 12 longitudinal @entity1 , the mean score increased from 4        3.46 at debonding to 6.25        3.67 by the end of the 11.8-year follow-up period. This difference was significant (p   =   0.0008). CONCLUSION: Treatment of @entity154 by isolated extraction of lower premolars or molars can yield PAR scores similar to those achieved by standard therapies. These scores, while increasing significantly, remained at a clinically acceptable level over 11.8 years. Hence this treatment modality--intended for cases that border on requiring orthognathic surgery--may also be recommended from a long-term point of view.

title: XXXX for skeletal Class III malocclusion by isolated extraction of mandibular teeth. Part 1: Occlusal situation 12 years after completion of active treatment.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['Class III anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['Class III compensation']

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['Dental compensation']


abstract: Surgical excision of @entity320 metastases is practical only when the number of lesions is small. In some @entity1 isolated limb perfusion is not possible or fails to achieve control, and @entity544 laser ablation is then an alternative treatment. Between September 1992 and September 1994, 19 @entity1 aged 45-94 years were treated with @entity544 laser. Two @entity1 had received no previous limb perfusion, while the remaining 17 had up to three previous perfusions. The number of lesions per @entity1 ranged from three to 40 nodules. A Sharplan 1030 portable @entity544 laser was used, which generates a beam wavelength of 10.6 microns and has a maximum power output of 80 W. All procedures were carried out under general anaesthesia. Each lesion was destroyed with a focused laser beam of 10-20 W with a spot size of 0.5-1.0 mm. At a mean follow-up of 15 months, five @entity1 have died from the disease. Among the 14 survivors, eight have had no limb recurrence of the disease, three have had one further treatment and three a further two treatments to control cutaneous metastases at new sites. Early experience suggests that @entity544 laser ablation of cutaneous metastases is an effective palliative treatment after failed isolated limb perfusion, and there may be a group of @entity1 in whom laser ablation should be the initial treatment of choice.

title: @entity544 laser ablation as an alternative treatment for cutaneous metastases from malignant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous malignant melanoma']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: Surgical excision of @entity320 metastases is practical only when the number of lesions is small. In some @entity1 isolated limb perfusion is not possible or fails to achieve control, and @entity544 laser ablation is then an alternative treatment. Between September 1992 and September 1994, 19 @entity1 aged 45-94 years were treated with @entity544 laser. Two @entity1 had received no previous limb perfusion, while the remaining 17 had up to three previous perfusions. The number of lesions per @entity1 ranged from three to 40 nodules. A Sharplan 1030 portable @entity544 laser was used, which generates a beam wavelength of 10.6 microns and has a maximum power output of 80 W. All procedures were carried out under general anaesthesia. Each lesion was destroyed with a focused laser beam of 10-20 W with a spot size of 0.5-1.0 mm. At a mean follow-up of 15 months, five @entity1 have died from the disease. Among the 14 survivors, eight have had no limb recurrence of the disease, three have had one further treatment and three a further two treatments to control cutaneous metastases at new sites. Early experience suggests that @entity544 laser ablation of cutaneous metastases is an effective palliative treatment after failed isolated limb perfusion, and there may be a group of @entity1 in whom laser ablation should be the initial treatment of choice.

title: XXXX laser ablation as an alternative treatment for cutaneous metastases from malignant @entity320 .

answer: @entity544 :: (MESH:D002245,Chemical) :: ['Carbon dioxide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We investigated the association between adulthood weight change and @entity14 risk in a prospective study with 24 to 34 years of follow-up among 90,988 @entity1 and 46,679 @entity1 . The primary exposures included weight change from early adulthood (age = 18 years for @entity1 , 21 years for @entity1 ) to baseline enrollment (median age = 43 years for @entity1 , 52 years for @entity1 ), and from baseline to present. In the secondary analyses, we also assessed 4-year weight change during follow-up, and during premenopausal (from age 18 years to menopause) and postmenopausal (from menopause to present) periods in @entity1 . Compared to @entity1 maintaining their weight from age 21 to baseline, those who gained 20 kg or more were at a higher risk of @entity14 (relative risk [RR], 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-2.35, P trend < 0.001), whereas those who lost 8 kg or more had a lower risk (RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.30-1.22, P trend = 0.003). Similar but weaker associations were found in @entity1 and the corresponding RRs were 1.38 (95% CI, 1.13-1.69, P trend < 0.001) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.58-1.09, P trend = 0.21). Weight change from baseline to present was not associated with @entity14 risk. Four-year weight change during follow-up was positively associated with @entity14 risk in @entity1 (P trend = 0.03) but not in @entity1 (P trend = 0.42). In addition, in @entity1 , weight change before, but not after, menopause was associated with @entity14 risk. Our findings provide further scientific rationale for recommendations to maintain a healthy body weight during adulthood. A potential differential association according to sex and timing of weight change warrants further investigation. Cancer Prev Res; 8(7); 1-8.   2015 AACR.

title: Adulthood Weight Change and Risk of XXXX in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study.

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity260 ( @entity260 ) after major abdominal surgery are common and associated with significant morbidity and high cost of care. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for @entity260 after major abdominal surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2005-2012 was queried for @entity1 who underwent major abdominal surgery (esophagectomy, gastrectomy, pacnreatectomy, enterectomy, hepatectomy, colectomy, and proctectomy). Predictors of @entity260 were identified using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 165,196 @entity1 who underwent major abdominal surgery 9595 (5.8%) suffered @entity260 ( @entity55 3.2%, prolonged ventilator support >= 48  h 3.0%, and unplanned intubation 2.8%). On multivariate analysis, significant predictors of overall and individual @entity260 include esophagectomy, advanced American Society of Anesthesiology Classification System, dependent functional status, prolonged operative time, age >= 80  y, severe @entity1030 , @entity1457 , ascites, and smoking. Obesity was not a risk factor. Female gender was overall protective for @entity260 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity260 after abdominal procedures are associated with a number of clinical variables. Esophageal operations and American Society of Anesthesiology Classification System were the strongest predictors. These results provide a framework for identifying @entity1 at risk for developing @entity358 after major abdominal surgery.

title: XXXX after major abdominal surgery: National Surgical Quality Improvement Program analysis.

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative shock']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pulmonary complications', 'PPCs']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary complications']


abstract: AIM: To determine how the relative @entity3689 contents and metabolic pathways regulate the pharmacological phenotypes in @entity35 with @entity2806 after treatment with varying doses of DanHong injection (DHI). METHODS: Adult male @entity35 underwent @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ), and were injected with DHI (DH-1: 1 mL/kg; DH-2: 2.5 mL/kg; DH-3: 5 mL/kg, and DH-4: 10 mL/kg, iv) daily for 3 d. The @entity51 score, body weights and @entity1188 volume were assessed. Serum levels of 20 free @entity1522 were determined using HPLC, and the values were transformed through the quantitative analysis of the @entity1522 in the serum metabolic spectrum. Multivariate statistical analysis methods (PCA and PLS-DA) and web-based metabolomics tools (MetPa and MetaboAnalyst) were used to analyze the biological data sets for the @entity1522 . RESULTS: Administration of DHI dose-dependently decreased cerebral @entity1188 volume, and ameliorated @entity51 . A total of 5, 6, 7 and 7 non-overlapping metabolites were identified in the DH-1, DH-2, DH-3, and DH-4 groups, respectively. Eight metabolites were shared between the DHI groups and the vehicle group. In addition, the serum levels of @entity367 , @entity2574 and @entity563 increased with increasing DHI dose. A total of 3, 2, 2 and 5 non-overlapping metabolic pathways were identified in the DH-1, DH-2, DH-3 and DH-4 groups, respectively, and @entity8959 , @entity563 , @entity1889 and @entity3793 metabolism were identified as overlapping pathways among the 4 dose groups. CONCLUSION: Overlapping and non-overlapping @entity3689 metabolites and metabolic pathways are associated with the dose-dependent neuroprotective effect of DHI.

title: DanHong injection dose-dependently varies XXXX metabolites and metabolic pathways in the treatment of @entity35 with @entity2806 .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCAO', 'middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit', 'neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

entities_list: @entity2574 :: ('CHEBI:22660', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartic acid']

answer: @entity3689 :: (D000596,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: AIM: To determine how the relative @entity3689 contents and metabolic pathways regulate the pharmacological phenotypes in @entity35 with @entity2806 after treatment with varying doses of DanHong injection (DHI). METHODS: Adult male @entity35 underwent @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ), and were injected with DHI (DH-1: 1 mL/kg; DH-2: 2.5 mL/kg; DH-3: 5 mL/kg, and DH-4: 10 mL/kg, iv) daily for 3 d. The @entity51 score, body weights and @entity1188 volume were assessed. Serum levels of 20 free @entity1522 were determined using HPLC, and the values were transformed through the quantitative analysis of the @entity1522 in the serum metabolic spectrum. Multivariate statistical analysis methods (PCA and PLS-DA) and web-based metabolomics tools (MetPa and MetaboAnalyst) were used to analyze the biological data sets for the @entity1522 . RESULTS: Administration of DHI dose-dependently decreased cerebral @entity1188 volume, and ameliorated @entity51 . A total of 5, 6, 7 and 7 non-overlapping metabolites were identified in the DH-1, DH-2, DH-3, and DH-4 groups, respectively. Eight metabolites were shared between the DHI groups and the vehicle group. In addition, the serum levels of @entity367 , @entity2574 and @entity563 increased with increasing DHI dose. A total of 3, 2, 2 and 5 non-overlapping metabolic pathways were identified in the DH-1, DH-2, DH-3 and DH-4 groups, respectively, and @entity8959 , @entity563 , @entity1889 and @entity3793 metabolism were identified as overlapping pathways among the 4 dose groups. CONCLUSION: Overlapping and non-overlapping @entity3689 metabolites and metabolic pathways are associated with the dose-dependent neuroprotective effect of DHI.

title: DanHong injection dose-dependently varies @entity3689 metabolites and metabolic pathways in the treatment of @entity35 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['cerebral ischemia']


abstract: AIM: To determine how the relative @entity3689 contents and metabolic pathways regulate the pharmacological phenotypes in @entity35 with @entity2806 after treatment with varying doses of DanHong injection (DHI). METHODS: Adult male @entity35 underwent @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ), and were injected with DHI (DH-1: 1 mL/kg; DH-2: 2.5 mL/kg; DH-3: 5 mL/kg, and DH-4: 10 mL/kg, iv) daily for 3 d. The @entity51 score, body weights and @entity1188 volume were assessed. Serum levels of 20 free @entity1522 were determined using HPLC, and the values were transformed through the quantitative analysis of the @entity1522 in the serum metabolic spectrum. Multivariate statistical analysis methods (PCA and PLS-DA) and web-based metabolomics tools (MetPa and MetaboAnalyst) were used to analyze the biological data sets for the @entity1522 . RESULTS: Administration of DHI dose-dependently decreased cerebral @entity1188 volume, and ameliorated @entity51 . A total of 5, 6, 7 and 7 non-overlapping metabolites were identified in the DH-1, DH-2, DH-3, and DH-4 groups, respectively. Eight metabolites were shared between the DHI groups and the vehicle group. In addition, the serum levels of @entity367 , @entity2574 and @entity563 increased with increasing DHI dose. A total of 3, 2, 2 and 5 non-overlapping metabolic pathways were identified in the DH-1, DH-2, DH-3 and DH-4 groups, respectively, and @entity8959 , @entity563 , @entity1889 and @entity3793 metabolism were identified as overlapping pathways among the 4 dose groups. CONCLUSION: Overlapping and non-overlapping @entity3689 metabolites and metabolic pathways are associated with the dose-dependent neuroprotective effect of DHI.

title: DanHong injection dose-dependently varies @entity3689 metabolites and metabolic pathways in the treatment of XXXX with @entity2806 .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The advent of targeted therapy for @entity5 treatment has brought about a paradigm shift in the clinical management of @entity1 @entity5 . Agents such as @entity3866 used for @entity470 -mutant @entity1149 or @entity2213 for @entity1860 , for instance, lead to rapid @entity5 responses. Unfortunately, however, resistance often emerges and renders these agents ineffective after a variable amount of time. The FDA-approved dosing schedules for these drugs were not designed to optimally prevent the emergence of resistance. To this end, we have previously utilized evolutionary mathematical modeling of treatment responses to elucidate the dosing schedules best able to prevent or delay the onset of resistance. Here we expand on our approaches by taking into account dose-dependent mutation rates at which resistant cells emerge. The relationship between the serum drug concentration and the rate at which resistance mutations arise can lead to non-intuitive results about the best dose administration strategies to prevent or delay the emergence of resistance. METHODS: We used mathematical modeling, available clinical trial data, and different considerations of the relationship between mutation rate and drug concentration to predict the effectiveness of different dosing strategies. RESULTS: We designed several distinct measures to interrogate the effects of different treatment dosing strategies and found that a low-dose continuous strategy coupled with high-dose pulses leads to the maximal delay until clinically observable resistance. Furthermore, the response to treatment is robust against different assumptions of the mutation rate as a function of drug concentration. CONCLUSIONS: For new and existing targeted drugs, our methodology can be employed to compare the effectiveness of different dose administration schedules and investigate the influence of changing mutation rates on outcomes.

title: Dose-Dependent Mutation Rates Determine Optimum @entity3866 Dosing Strategies for @entity470 Mutant XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myeloid leukemia']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The advent of targeted therapy for @entity5 treatment has brought about a paradigm shift in the clinical management of @entity1 @entity5 . Agents such as @entity3866 used for @entity470 -mutant @entity1149 or @entity2213 for @entity1860 , for instance, lead to rapid @entity5 responses. Unfortunately, however, resistance often emerges and renders these agents ineffective after a variable amount of time. The FDA-approved dosing schedules for these drugs were not designed to optimally prevent the emergence of resistance. To this end, we have previously utilized evolutionary mathematical modeling of treatment responses to elucidate the dosing schedules best able to prevent or delay the onset of resistance. Here we expand on our approaches by taking into account dose-dependent mutation rates at which resistant cells emerge. The relationship between the serum drug concentration and the rate at which resistance mutations arise can lead to non-intuitive results about the best dose administration strategies to prevent or delay the emergence of resistance. METHODS: We used mathematical modeling, available clinical trial data, and different considerations of the relationship between mutation rate and drug concentration to predict the effectiveness of different dosing strategies. RESULTS: We designed several distinct measures to interrogate the effects of different treatment dosing strategies and found that a low-dose continuous strategy coupled with high-dose pulses leads to the maximal delay until clinically observable resistance. Furthermore, the response to treatment is robust against different assumptions of the mutation rate as a function of drug concentration. CONCLUSIONS: For new and existing targeted drugs, our methodology can be employed to compare the effectiveness of different dose administration schedules and investigate the influence of changing mutation rates on outcomes.

title: Dose-Dependent Mutation Rates Determine Optimum @entity3866 Dosing Strategies for XXXX Mutant @entity1149 @entity1 .

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['EGFR']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The advent of targeted therapy for @entity5 treatment has brought about a paradigm shift in the clinical management of @entity1 @entity5 . Agents such as @entity3866 used for @entity470 -mutant @entity1149 or @entity2213 for @entity1860 , for instance, lead to rapid @entity5 responses. Unfortunately, however, resistance often emerges and renders these agents ineffective after a variable amount of time. The FDA-approved dosing schedules for these drugs were not designed to optimally prevent the emergence of resistance. To this end, we have previously utilized evolutionary mathematical modeling of treatment responses to elucidate the dosing schedules best able to prevent or delay the onset of resistance. Here we expand on our approaches by taking into account dose-dependent mutation rates at which resistant cells emerge. The relationship between the serum drug concentration and the rate at which resistance mutations arise can lead to non-intuitive results about the best dose administration strategies to prevent or delay the emergence of resistance. METHODS: We used mathematical modeling, available clinical trial data, and different considerations of the relationship between mutation rate and drug concentration to predict the effectiveness of different dosing strategies. RESULTS: We designed several distinct measures to interrogate the effects of different treatment dosing strategies and found that a low-dose continuous strategy coupled with high-dose pulses leads to the maximal delay until clinically observable resistance. Furthermore, the response to treatment is robust against different assumptions of the mutation rate as a function of drug concentration. CONCLUSIONS: For new and existing targeted drugs, our methodology can be employed to compare the effectiveness of different dose administration schedules and investigate the influence of changing mutation rates on outcomes.

title: Dose-Dependent Mutation Rates Determine Optimum XXXX Dosing Strategies for @entity470 Mutant @entity1149 @entity1 .

answer: @entity3866 :: (MESH:C400278,Chemical) :: ['Erlotinib']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The advent of targeted therapy for @entity5 treatment has brought about a paradigm shift in the clinical management of @entity1 @entity5 . Agents such as @entity3866 used for @entity470 -mutant @entity1149 or @entity2213 for @entity1860 , for instance, lead to rapid @entity5 responses. Unfortunately, however, resistance often emerges and renders these agents ineffective after a variable amount of time. The FDA-approved dosing schedules for these drugs were not designed to optimally prevent the emergence of resistance. To this end, we have previously utilized evolutionary mathematical modeling of treatment responses to elucidate the dosing schedules best able to prevent or delay the onset of resistance. Here we expand on our approaches by taking into account dose-dependent mutation rates at which resistant cells emerge. The relationship between the serum drug concentration and the rate at which resistance mutations arise can lead to non-intuitive results about the best dose administration strategies to prevent or delay the emergence of resistance. METHODS: We used mathematical modeling, available clinical trial data, and different considerations of the relationship between mutation rate and drug concentration to predict the effectiveness of different dosing strategies. RESULTS: We designed several distinct measures to interrogate the effects of different treatment dosing strategies and found that a low-dose continuous strategy coupled with high-dose pulses leads to the maximal delay until clinically observable resistance. Furthermore, the response to treatment is robust against different assumptions of the mutation rate as a function of drug concentration. CONCLUSIONS: For new and existing targeted drugs, our methodology can be employed to compare the effectiveness of different dose administration schedules and investigate the influence of changing mutation rates on outcomes.

title: Dose-Dependent Mutation Rates Determine Optimum @entity3866 Dosing Strategies for @entity470 Mutant @entity1149 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To discuss the main influence factors of sound pressure level parameters in @entity1 with simple snoring (SS) and @entity27 ( @entity27 ). METHOD: Eighty-four cases with snoring disease underwent polysomnography and simultaneously snoring sound pressure level recording. The correlations between AHI, age, BMI, abdomen circumference, neck circumference, the lowest @entity26 saturation total @entity386 time and sound pressure level parameters: equivalent continuous sound level(LAeq)and maximum sound pressure level( @entity26247 ) were analyzed. RESULT: LAeq was significantly correlated to AHI (P= 0. 000) and BMI (P= 0. 007), and the odd ratios of AHI and BMI were 5. 74,2. 09 respectively, but it was unrelated to age, abdomen circumference, neck circumference, the lowest @entity26 saturation and total @entity386 time. A significantly association also existed between @entity26247 and AHI(P=0. 000), BMI(P=0. 032), and the odd ratios were 4. 11 and 2. 33 respectively. Other factors had nothing to do with @entity26247 . CONCLUSION: The main factors which affect the snoring sound pressure level parameters LAeq and @entity26247 are AHI and BMI.

title: [The influence factors of sound pressure level parameters in @entity1 with simple snoring and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrom', 'OSAHS']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrom']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To discuss the main influence factors of sound pressure level parameters in @entity1 with simple snoring (SS) and @entity27 ( @entity27 ). METHOD: Eighty-four cases with snoring disease underwent polysomnography and simultaneously snoring sound pressure level recording. The correlations between AHI, age, BMI, abdomen circumference, neck circumference, the lowest @entity26 saturation total @entity386 time and sound pressure level parameters: equivalent continuous sound level(LAeq)and maximum sound pressure level( @entity26247 ) were analyzed. RESULT: LAeq was significantly correlated to AHI (P= 0. 000) and BMI (P= 0. 007), and the odd ratios of AHI and BMI were 5. 74,2. 09 respectively, but it was unrelated to age, abdomen circumference, neck circumference, the lowest @entity26 saturation and total @entity386 time. A significantly association also existed between @entity26247 and AHI(P=0. 000), BMI(P=0. 032), and the odd ratios were 4. 11 and 2. 33 respectively. Other factors had nothing to do with @entity26247 . CONCLUSION: The main factors which affect the snoring sound pressure level parameters LAeq and @entity26247 are AHI and BMI.

title: [The influence factors of sound pressure level parameters in XXXX with simple snoring and @entity27 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The entry of lymphocytes into the spleen, in contrast to lymph nodes, does not involve high endothelial venule ( @entity4973 ) interaction. The precise point of entry, as well as the mechanism by which lymphocytes enter the lymphoid areas of the spleen, remains controversial. We examined in detail the effect of two agents, pertussis toxin (PT) and the sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan, on splenic lymphocyte entry and positioning. These have previously been shown to interfere with lymphocyte extravasation across @entity4973 . PT prevents lymphocyte extravasation, but not binding, to @entity4973 , whereas fucoidan prevents binding and thus subsequent extravasation. Studies presented here show that pretreatment of @entity19 lymphocytes with PT does not numerically affect entry into spleen, but profoundly alters lymphocyte positioning within the spleen. When fluorescently labeled, PT-treated lymphocytes are injected intravenously, they initially accumulate in the marginal zone, in apparent association with the layer of marginal zone macrophages (MZM phi) which form a shell around the white pulp. They fail to traverse this layer into the white pulp, and subsequently localize in the red pulp. In contrast, untreated cells initially appear in the marginal zone, then continue to migrate into the white pulp after traversing the MZM phi layer. The localization of PT-pretreated lymphocytes adjacent to the MZM phi layer is disrupted by intravenous administration of fucoidan. Using a flow cytometric assay of aggregation between MZM phi and lymphocytes, we confirmed that fucoidan is also able to inhibit this association in vitro, whereas PT has no effect on this interaction. We propose that MZM phi in the @entity19 are the splenic analog of @entity4973 , forming the port of entry of lymphocytes into the white pulp of the spleen.

title: Are XXXX marginal-zone macrophages the splenic white pulp analog of high endothelial venules?

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: Litter size and birth weights are limited by uterine capacity, defined as the ability of the uterus to maintain the appropriate development of some number of conceptuses. Uterine capacity is the result of the combined effects of uterine, placental and embryo/fetal function. The number of living conceptuses that the uterus is capable of supporting is greater during early gestation compared to later gestation. Plots of log fetal weight versus log placental weight also indicate that fetal weights are less sensitive to reduced placental weight (and therefore reduced intrauterine space) in early gestation compared to late gestation. However, even in late gestation, mechanisms still exist that maintain fetal growth when the size of the placenta is reduced. One such mechanism is likely to be improved development of the folded placental-epithelial/maternal-epithelial bilayer. Fold depth, and therefore the maternal fetal interactive surface, increases as gestation advances and is greater in placenta from small fetuses. On the fetal side of the placenta, the epithelial bilayer is embedded in stromal tissue. Glycosaminoglycans are major components of stroma, including hyaluronan and heparan sulfate. Hyaluronidases and heparanases are present within placental tissues, and likely play roles in modification of stromal components to facilitate fold development. Glycosaminoglycans are polymers of forms of @entity413 ( @entity4823 , @entity8686 , @entity16369 ) suggesting that glycosaminoglycan synthesis may compete with the @entity413 needs of the developing fetus. @entity1707 conceptuses are fructogenic, such that a substantial portion of @entity413 transferred from mother to fetus is converted to @entity948 . @entity948 is an intermediate product in the synthesis of @entity4823 from @entity413 , and @entity4823 is linked to regulation of trophoblast cell proliferation through regulation of @entity3470 . These findings suggest a link between @entity413 , @entity948 , @entity4823 synthesis, GAG production, and placental morphogenesis, but the details of these interactions remain unclear. In addition, recent placental epithelial transcriptome analysis identified several @entity413 , @entity3689 , lipid, vitamin, mineral and hormone transporter mechanisms within the placenta. Further elucidation of mechanisms of placental morphogenesis and solute transport could provide clues to improving nutrient transport to the @entity1707 fetus, potentially increasing litter size and piglet birth weights.

title: Placental accommodations for transport and metabolism during intra-uterine crowding in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose', 'Fructose']

entities_list: @entity16369 :: ('MESH:D007067', 'Chemical') :: ['iduronic acid']

entities_list: @entity4823 :: ('MESH:D005944', 'Chemical') :: ['glucosamine']

entities_list: @entity8686 :: ('MESH:D020723', 'Chemical') :: ['glucuronic acid']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of (i) computed tomographic (CT) pelvimetry for the choice of the mode of delivery, (ii) cesarean, (iii) induction of labor, and of (iv) various delivery managements on the risk of @entity1266 in @entity8455 , with or without @entity6 , and in @entity1 with previous history of @entity1266 . METHODS: The PubMed database, the Cochrane Library and the recommendations from the French and foreign obstetrical societies or colleges have been consulted. RESULTS: In case of clinically suspected @entity8455 , a sonography should be performed to increase diagnostic performances and to assist in decision-making (Professional consensus). Because CT pelvimetry is associated with high false positive rates and increases cesarean deliveries, its use is not recommended to prevent @entity1266 in @entity8455 (Professional consensus). To avoid the neonatal complications of @entity1266 , mainly permanent @entity5300 , cesarean delivery is recommended in case of estimated fetal weight (EFW) greater than 4500g if associated with @entity6 (gradeC), and greater than 5000g in the absence of @entity6 (gradeC). The published data do not provide definitive evidences to recommend systematic labor induction in case of impending @entity8455 (Professional consensus). In case of favourable cervix and gestational age greater than 39 weeks of gestation, labor induction should be promoted (Professional consensus). Prophylactic McRoberts maneuver is not recommended to prevent @entity1266 in @entity8455 (gradeC). Because data are lacking, no recommendation is possible regarding the use of episiotomy. In @entity8455 and failure to progress in the second stage of labor, midpelvic and higher instrumental deliveries are not recommended and a cesarean delivery should be preferred (gradeC), if the fetal head is at or lower than a +2 station, cesarean delivery is not recommended and an instrumental delivery should be preferred (gradeC). Finally, cesarean delivery should be discussed when history of @entity1266 has been associated with severe neonatal or maternal complications (Professional consensus). CONCLUSION: To avoid @entity1266 and its complications, only two measures are proposed. Induction of labor is recommended in case of impending @entity8455 if the cervix is favourable and gestational age greater than 39 weeks of gestation (Professional consensus). Cesarean delivery is recommended before labor in case of (i) EFW greater than 4500g if associated with @entity6 (gradeC), (ii) EFW greater than 5000g in the absence of @entity6 (gradeC), and finally (iii) during labor, in @entity8455 and failure to progress in the second stage, when the fetal head is above a +2 station (gradeC). Finally, cesarean delivery should be discussed when history of @entity1266 has been associated with severe neonatal or maternal complications (Professional consensus).

title: [Delivery management for the prevention of XXXX in case of identified risk factors].

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['maternal diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1266 :: ('MESH:D004420', 'Disease') :: ['shoulder dystocia']

entities_list: @entity5300 :: ('MESH:D020516', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus palsy']

entities_list: @entity8455 :: ('MESH:D005320', 'Disease') :: ['macrosomia', 'fetal macrosomia', 'case of fetal macrosomia']

answer: @entity1266 :: (MESH:D004420,Disease) :: ['shoulder dystocia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity299 ( @entity299 ) @entity1 may have a reduced functional capacity (FC). Field tests, as the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT), can estimate peak @entity26 uptake (VO2 peak). However, the relationship between the ISWT and the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET), the gold standard in the assessment of FC, is not well established in @entity299 @entity1 . AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the FC of @entity299 @entity1 by ISWT with direct measurement of VO2 peak and to compare these findings with data obtained from CPET. A secondary goal was to derive a regression equation to calculate the VO2 peak by ISWT. DESIGN: Cross-sectional and correlative study. SETTING: Research laboratory setting. POPULATION: Thirty-two @entity299 @entity1 (58.8  9.0 years, 81.3% @entity1 ) participated in this study. METHODS: Eligible @entity1 underwent clinical evaluation, echocardiography, CPET by ramp protocol and ISWT according to current guidelines. RESULTS: The distance walked in ISWT showed a positive correlation with VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT (r=0.456, p=0.009 and r=0.869, p<0.001, respectively). In the agreement analysis, the values of the differences between VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT showed absence of bias (mean bias    95% CI and mean -1.29    5.09mL.kg.min). Based in real values of VO2 obtained from ISWT, one equation including sex, functional class and distance walked was provided to predict the VO2 values in this test. CONCLUSION: This study showed the good correlation between distance walked in ISWT and VO2 peak directly measured in both tests, and additionally, provided an equation to calculate a predictive VO2 peak by ISWT, suggesting a good alternative to evaluate the FC of @entity299 @entity1 , especially in locations where sophisticated testing is not available. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: The results confirm the possibility of using the ISWT for the evaluation of the FC in @entity1 with @entity299 , especially in locations where sophisticated testing is not available.

title: Peak XXXX uptake during the incremental shuttle walk test in a predominantly female population with @entity299 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'Chagas heart disease']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity299 ( @entity299 ) @entity1 may have a reduced functional capacity (FC). Field tests, as the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT), can estimate peak @entity26 uptake (VO2 peak). However, the relationship between the ISWT and the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET), the gold standard in the assessment of FC, is not well established in @entity299 @entity1 . AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the FC of @entity299 @entity1 by ISWT with direct measurement of VO2 peak and to compare these findings with data obtained from CPET. A secondary goal was to derive a regression equation to calculate the VO2 peak by ISWT. DESIGN: Cross-sectional and correlative study. SETTING: Research laboratory setting. POPULATION: Thirty-two @entity299 @entity1 (58.8  9.0 years, 81.3% @entity1 ) participated in this study. METHODS: Eligible @entity1 underwent clinical evaluation, echocardiography, CPET by ramp protocol and ISWT according to current guidelines. RESULTS: The distance walked in ISWT showed a positive correlation with VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT (r=0.456, p=0.009 and r=0.869, p<0.001, respectively). In the agreement analysis, the values of the differences between VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT showed absence of bias (mean bias    95% CI and mean -1.29    5.09mL.kg.min). Based in real values of VO2 obtained from ISWT, one equation including sex, functional class and distance walked was provided to predict the VO2 values in this test. CONCLUSION: This study showed the good correlation between distance walked in ISWT and VO2 peak directly measured in both tests, and additionally, provided an equation to calculate a predictive VO2 peak by ISWT, suggesting a good alternative to evaluate the FC of @entity299 @entity1 , especially in locations where sophisticated testing is not available. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: The results confirm the possibility of using the ISWT for the evaluation of the FC in @entity1 with @entity299 , especially in locations where sophisticated testing is not available.

title: Peak @entity26 uptake during the incremental shuttle walk test in a predominantly female population with XXXX .

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Chagas heart disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the long-term motor stability and sensory outcome of @entity1 with partly accommodative @entity5971 who were overcorrected surgically and in whom the hyperopic correction was reduced postoperatively, and to determine if those results depended on the amount of @entity3467 present. DESIGN: A 15-year prospective study that analyzed 5-year outcome. @entity1 whose @entity5971 was not initially overcorrected were used as controls. @entity1 : Of 382 @entity1 who underwent surgery for partly accommodative @entity5971 , 22 were surgically overcorrected and were followed up for 5 years. RESULTS: Of the eight @entity1 in the study group with 2.5 diopters or less of @entity3467 in their fixing eye, seven had good motor alignment compared with four of 14 @entity1 who had more than 2.5 diopters of @entity3467 . Ninety-one percent (148/163) of the control @entity1 who had greater than 2.5 diopters of @entity3467 maintained good motor alignment 5 years after surgery compared with 29% of the study group @entity1 . This difference was statistically significant. Of the eight study @entity1 with less than 2.5 diopters of @entity3467 , five developed good stereopsis compared with one of 14 @entity1 with greater @entity3467 . CONCLUSIONS: Surgical overcorrection in @entity1 with partly accommodative @entity5971 with greater than 2.5 diopters of @entity3467 may not be reversible by postoperative reduction in the hyperopic correction. It often is reversible, however, in @entity1 with 2.5 diopters or less of @entity3467 .

title: Partly accommodative XXXX . Should you overcorrect and cut the plus?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['hyperopia']

entities_list: @entity5971 :: ('MESH:D004948', 'Disease') :: ['esotropia']

answer: @entity5971 :: (MESH:D004948,Disease) :: ['esotropia']