abstract: Nuclear pleomorphism is a fundamental feature in evaluating the @entity146 of @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) of the breast. In this study, pure @entity3821 and the in situ component (IS-comp) of @entity189 ( @entity189 ) are compared in order to verify if these are two different entities or the same process observed at different times during its evolution. Five cases of pure @entity3821 and nine of @entity189 with extensive in situ component were selected. They were moderately and poorly differentiated. 30 nuclei for each @entity3821 , and 30 nuclei for both the in situ and invasive component of each @entity189 were studied; thus, a total of 720 nuclei were submitted to the @entity2372 ( @entity2372 ) analysis, which enables a numerical expression not only of dimensions (area, perimeter, diameter) but also of nuclear contour irregularities and nuclear shape distortions. Univariate statistical comparisons were carried out between the nuclei of: (1) @entity3821 and in situ component of @entity189 , (2) @entity3821 and the invasive component of infiltrating @entity189 and (3) between the in situ and invasive component of infiltrating @entity189 . Multivariate analysis was utilized to compare nuclei of @entity3821 with the in situ component of @entity189 . The in situ features of each @entity5 were also evaluated with the @entity6578 ( @entity6578 ). Nuclei of pure @entity3821 resulted significantly larger (p < 0.001) and with a more regular shape (p < 0.001) than those of the in situ component of @entity189 . No differences were observed between the nuclei of the in situ and the invasive component of infiltrating @entity189 . Multivariate statistical analysis discriminated 77% of nuclei of in situ proliferation when both G2 and G3 @entity5 were considered, and 80% when only G3 @entity5 were considered. In conclusions morphological differences exist between pure @entity3821 and the in situ component of @entity189 , which may be an expression of their biological behavior; moreover, these morphological differences seem to have a better discriminating power within the same histological grade.

title: Pure XXXX and in situ component of ductal invasive carcinoma of the breast. A preliminary morphometric study.

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS']

entities_list: @entity2372 :: ('MESH:C562399', 'Disease') :: ['SAM', 'Shape Analytical Morphometry']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma', 'IDC', 'invasive duct carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6578 :: ('MESH:C536987', 'Disease') :: ['mitotic index', 'MI']

answer: @entity3821 :: (MESH:D002285,Disease) :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ']


abstract: @entity3409 and @entity219 are removed from cells of @entity72860 by the CzcCBA efflux pump and by two soft-metal-transporting P-type ATPases, CadA and ZntA. The czcCBA genes are located on plasmid pMOL30, and the cadA and zntA genes are on the bacterial chromosome. Expression of zntA from @entity72860 in @entity526 predominantly mediated resistance to @entity219 , and expression of cadA predominantly mediated resistance to @entity3409 . Both transporters decreased the cellular content of @entity219 or @entity3409 in this host. In the plasmid-free @entity72860 AE104, single gene deletions of cadA or zntA had only a moderate effect on @entity3409 and @entity219 resistance, but @entity219 resistance decreased 6-fold and @entity3409 resistance decreased 350-fold in double deletion strains. Neither single nor double gene deletions affected @entity219 resistance in the presence of czcCBA. In contrast, @entity3409 resistance of the cadA zntA double mutant could be elevated only partially by the presence of CzcCBA. lacZ reporter gene fusions indicated that expression of cadA was induced by @entity3409 but not by @entity219 in @entity72860 AE104. In the absence of the zntA gene, expression of cadA occurred at lower @entity3409 concentrations and @entity219 now served as an inducer. In contrast, expression of zntA was induced by both @entity219 and @entity3409 , and the induction pattern did not change in the presence or absence of CadA. However, expression of both genes, zntA and cadA, was diminished in the presence of CzcCBA. This indicated that CzcCBA efficiently decreased cytoplasmic @entity3409 and @entity219 concentrations. It is discussed whether these data favor a model in which the cations are removed either from the cytoplasm or the periplasm by CzcCBA.

title: Interplay of the Czc system and two P-type ATPases in conferring metal resistance to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity72860 :: ('119219', 'Species') :: ['R. metallidurans', 'Ralstonia metallidurans', 'R. metallidurans strain']

entities_list: @entity3409 :: ('MESH:D002104', 'Chemical') :: ['Cadmium', 'cadmium']

answer: @entity72860 :: (119219,Species) :: ['Ralstonia metallidurans']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is associated with adverse outcomes in primary @entity320 (PCM). Detection of LVI by @entity1710 and @entity1711 staining alone is 0%-6%, but targeting lymphovascular structures increases the detection rate. OBJECTIVE: To examine the prognostic significance of LVI detected by immunostaining for D2-40 and @entity4353 -associated transcription factor 1 (MITF1) in PCM. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed 120 PCM samples. We compared the LVI detection rates of immunostaining for D2-40 only (22%), double staining for D2-40 and MITF1 (38%), and @entity1710 and @entity1711 , and examined the association of LVI with clinicopathologic variables and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Immunolabeling with both methods significantly increased the LVI detection rate. Double staining for D2-40 and MITF1 as well as D2-40-detected LVI was significantly associated with increased Breslow thickness, number of mitoses, and @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) @entity3 . D2-40-detected LVI was also associated with @entity1066 . Although the difference was not significant, double staining for D2-40 and MITF1 allowed for easier detection of LVI than D2-40 alone. LIMITATIONS: This study was conducted in a tertiary referral institution; therefore, a referral bias cannot be excluded. CONCLUSIONS: Immunolabeling increased detection of LVI in PCM. Because LVI is a positive predictive marker for @entity1600 @entity3 , the authors propose using anti-D2-40 and anti-MITF1 in the evaluation of LVI in @entity1 with PCM with a certain risk of @entity1600 @entity3 .

title: Prognostic Implication of Lymphovascular Invasion Detected by Double Immunostaining for D2-40 and MITF1 in Primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4353 :: ('MESH:D008850', 'Disease') :: ['microphthalmia']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['sentinel lymph node', 'SLN']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous Melanoma']


abstract: The specific skin locations of @entity1582 (M. M.) and @entity8057 (M. W.) are rare. The authors report here 4 cases: 2 within M. M., the other 2 within @entity706 with @entity23694 (M. W.) or in situ tumoral secretion of IgM. Observation no. 1. A 56-year-old @entity1 is admitted for investigations for spontaneous @entity174 of the ribs. The skin examination reveals about ten purple, nodular and sometimes ulcerated lesions of the back which appeared over more than one year. The histology of a cutaneous nodule shows a dense infiltrate of plasma cells with numerous atypical cells. The laboratory investigations reveal a IgG, kappa M. M. A polychemotherapy leads to a healing of the nodules in 3 months. Observation no. 2. A 58-year-old @entity1 is admitted for investigations of a @entity644 (6.80/24 h) which will be imputed to a lambda chains M. M. One year and a half later appear subcutaneous thoracic nodules. The histology of the skin confirms the diagnosis of metastatic @entity272 ; the @entity1 will die a few months later in spite of the chemotherapy. Observation no. 3. A 84-year-old @entity1 is admitted for investigations of a dysglobulinemia. On the cutaneous part there are tumoral purple plaques symmetrically disposed on the 2 cheeks and the nose. The histology of the skin shows a dermo-hypodermal tumoral infiltrate essentially made of lymphoplasmocytoid cells. In direct immunofluorescence study there is a kappa tumoral secretion of mu type.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Specific cutaneous localizations in XXXX and @entity8057 . Apropos of 4 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoplasmocytic lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity23694 :: ('MESH:D053307', 'Disease') :: ['IgM dysglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin plasmocytoma']

entities_list: @entity8057 :: ('MESH:D008258', 'Disease') :: ["Waldenstr  m's macroglobulinemia"]

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: The specific skin locations of @entity1582 (M. M.) and @entity8057 (M. W.) are rare. The authors report here 4 cases: 2 within M. M., the other 2 within @entity706 with @entity23694 (M. W.) or in situ tumoral secretion of IgM. Observation no. 1. A 56-year-old @entity1 is admitted for investigations for spontaneous @entity174 of the ribs. The skin examination reveals about ten purple, nodular and sometimes ulcerated lesions of the back which appeared over more than one year. The histology of a cutaneous nodule shows a dense infiltrate of plasma cells with numerous atypical cells. The laboratory investigations reveal a IgG, kappa M. M. A polychemotherapy leads to a healing of the nodules in 3 months. Observation no. 2. A 58-year-old @entity1 is admitted for investigations of a @entity644 (6.80/24 h) which will be imputed to a lambda chains M. M. One year and a half later appear subcutaneous thoracic nodules. The histology of the skin confirms the diagnosis of metastatic @entity272 ; the @entity1 will die a few months later in spite of the chemotherapy. Observation no. 3. A 84-year-old @entity1 is admitted for investigations of a dysglobulinemia. On the cutaneous part there are tumoral purple plaques symmetrically disposed on the 2 cheeks and the nose. The histology of the skin shows a dermo-hypodermal tumoral infiltrate essentially made of lymphoplasmocytoid cells. In direct immunofluorescence study there is a kappa tumoral secretion of mu type.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Specific cutaneous localizations in @entity1582 and XXXX . Apropos of 4 cases].

answer: @entity8057 :: (MESH:D008258,Disease) :: ['Waldenstr  m's macroglobulinemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of @entity2449 on cell proliferation in differentiation degree of @entity1204 cells and related mechanisms. METHODS: The @entity1204 cell lines Ishikawa and @entity1 were used. Cell proliferation was assessed after exposure to @entity2449 with or without @entity470 ( @entity470 ) inhibitor @entity20830 by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method. @entity470 mRNA was determined by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The expression of phosphorylation @entity470 (p- @entity470 ) and total @entity470 (t- @entity470 ) and phosphorylation @entity3962 (p- @entity1366 ) and total @entity1366 (t- @entity1366 ) were examined by western blot. RESULTS: (1) CCK-8 experiment showed that @entity2449 could inhibit the proliferation of @entity1204 cells in a time-dependent manner and a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), but the inhibition of well differentiated cell line Ishikawa was lower than that in poorly differentiated cells AN3CA (P < 0.05). @entity20830 also could inhibit the proliferation of @entity1204 cells in a time-dependent manner and in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), but the inhibition rate of well differentiated cell line Ishikawa was higher than that in poorly differentiated cells AN3CA (P < 0.05). @entity2449 + @entity20830 also could inhibit the proliferation of @entity1204 cells in a time-dependent manner and in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), and the inhibition of combined with @entity2449 and @entity20830 was stronger than that with a single application of drugs, but the inhibition rate of Ishikawa was higher than that in AN3CA (P < 0.05). (2) RT-PCR method showed that different concentrations of @entity2449 (0.01, 0.1, 1, 5, 10 mmol/L, respectively) for 24 hours, the expression level of @entity470 mRNA in Ishikawa cells were respectively 0.74    0.03, 0.61    0.04, 0.46    0.03, 0.31    0.03 and 0.23    0.03, the expression level of @entity470 mRNA in @entity1 cells were respectively 0.79    0.20, 0.61    0.03, 0.50    0.05, 0.32    0.03 and 0.26    0.04, the inhibition effect showed a significant concentration-dependent manner (all P < 0.01). (3) Western blot method displayed that the effect of @entity2449 treated respectively 2, 4, 6 or 8 hours, there were not significant difference in the expression levels of t- @entity470 protein and t- @entity1366 between Ishikawa and @entity1 cells (all P > 0.05). But the expression levels of p- @entity470 and p- @entity1366 protein were significantly lower between two groups (P < 0.01), which showed a time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity2449 could inhibit the proliferation of @entity1204 cells, the inhibition is associated with the differentiation degree of @entity5 cells. @entity2449 could enhance the @entity470 signaling pathway inhibitor @entity20830 inhibition of @entity1204 cells, which may inhibit @entity470 expression of phosphorylated proteins to inhibit the phosphorylation of @entity1366 proteins and then inhibit proliferation of @entity1204 cells.

title: [Research of the influence and mechanism about XXXX on the proliferation of differentiated @entity1204 cells].

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epithelial growth factor receptor', 'EGFR']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3962 :: ('5594;5595', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['Metformin', 'metformin']

answer: @entity2449 :: (MESH:D008687,Chemical) :: ['metformin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of @entity2449 on cell proliferation in differentiation degree of @entity1204 cells and related mechanisms. METHODS: The @entity1204 cell lines Ishikawa and @entity1 were used. Cell proliferation was assessed after exposure to @entity2449 with or without @entity470 ( @entity470 ) inhibitor @entity20830 by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method. @entity470 mRNA was determined by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The expression of phosphorylation @entity470 (p- @entity470 ) and total @entity470 (t- @entity470 ) and phosphorylation @entity3962 (p- @entity1366 ) and total @entity1366 (t- @entity1366 ) were examined by western blot. RESULTS: (1) CCK-8 experiment showed that @entity2449 could inhibit the proliferation of @entity1204 cells in a time-dependent manner and a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), but the inhibition of well differentiated cell line Ishikawa was lower than that in poorly differentiated cells AN3CA (P < 0.05). @entity20830 also could inhibit the proliferation of @entity1204 cells in a time-dependent manner and in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), but the inhibition rate of well differentiated cell line Ishikawa was higher than that in poorly differentiated cells AN3CA (P < 0.05). @entity2449 + @entity20830 also could inhibit the proliferation of @entity1204 cells in a time-dependent manner and in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), and the inhibition of combined with @entity2449 and @entity20830 was stronger than that with a single application of drugs, but the inhibition rate of Ishikawa was higher than that in AN3CA (P < 0.05). (2) RT-PCR method showed that different concentrations of @entity2449 (0.01, 0.1, 1, 5, 10 mmol/L, respectively) for 24 hours, the expression level of @entity470 mRNA in Ishikawa cells were respectively 0.74    0.03, 0.61    0.04, 0.46    0.03, 0.31    0.03 and 0.23    0.03, the expression level of @entity470 mRNA in @entity1 cells were respectively 0.79    0.20, 0.61    0.03, 0.50    0.05, 0.32    0.03 and 0.26    0.04, the inhibition effect showed a significant concentration-dependent manner (all P < 0.01). (3) Western blot method displayed that the effect of @entity2449 treated respectively 2, 4, 6 or 8 hours, there were not significant difference in the expression levels of t- @entity470 protein and t- @entity1366 between Ishikawa and @entity1 cells (all P > 0.05). But the expression levels of p- @entity470 and p- @entity1366 protein were significantly lower between two groups (P < 0.01), which showed a time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity2449 could inhibit the proliferation of @entity1204 cells, the inhibition is associated with the differentiation degree of @entity5 cells. @entity2449 could enhance the @entity470 signaling pathway inhibitor @entity20830 inhibition of @entity1204 cells, which may inhibit @entity470 expression of phosphorylated proteins to inhibit the phosphorylation of @entity1366 proteins and then inhibit proliferation of @entity1204 cells.

title: [Research of the influence and mechanism about @entity2449 on the proliferation of differentiated XXXX cells].

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The corneal wound healing response, including the development of @entity231 in some eyes, is a process that often leads to @entity2318 that occurs after @entity130 to the @entity267 . Immediately after epithelial and @entity130 , a complex sequence of processes contributes to wound repair and regeneration of normal corneal structure and function. In some corneas, however, often depending on the type and extent of injury, the response may also lead to the development of mature vimentin+  a-smooth muscle actin+  @entity18737 +  myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts are specialized fibroblastic cells generated in the @entity267 from keratocyte-derived or bone marrow-derived precursor cells. The disorganized extracellular matrix components secreted by myofibroblasts, in addition to decreased expression of corneal crystallins in these cells, are central biological processes that result in corneal stromal @entity82 associated with @entity231 or "haze". Several factors are associated with myofibroblast generation and haze development after PRK surgery in @entity95 , a reproducible model of @entity2318 , including the amount of tissue ablated, which may relate to the extent of keratocyte apoptosis in the early response to injury, irregularity of stromal surface after surgery, and changes in corneal stromal proteoglycans, but normal regeneration of the epithelial basement membrane (EBM) appears to be a critical factor determining whether a @entity267 heals with relative transparency or vision-limiting @entity231 . Structural and functional abnormalities of the regenerated EBM facilitate prolonged entry of epithelium-derived growth factors such as transforming growth factor b (TGF-b) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) into the stroma that both drive development of mature myofibroblasts from precursor cells and lead to persistence of the cells in the anterior stroma. A major discovery that has contributed to our understanding of haze development is that keratocytes and corneal fibroblasts produce critical EBM components, such as @entity72861 , nidogen-2 and perlecan, that are essential for complete regeneration of a normal EBM once laminin secreted by epithelial cells self-polymerizes into a nascent EBM. Mature myofibroblasts that become established in the anterior stroma are a barrier to keratocyte/corneal fibroblast contributions to the nascent EBM. These myofibroblasts, and the @entity231 they produce, often persist for months or years after the injury. Transparency is subsequently restored when the EBM is completely regenerated, myofibroblasts are deprived of TGFb and undergo apoptosis, and the keratocytes re-occupy the anterior stroma and reabsorb disordered extracellular matrix. The aim of this review is to highlight factors involved in the generation of stromal haze and its subsequent removal.

title: The XXXX response to epithelial- @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['opacity', 'stromal opacity']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['stromal injury', 'injury, surgery or infection']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['corneal fibrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The corneal wound healing response, including the development of @entity231 in some eyes, is a process that often leads to @entity2318 that occurs after @entity130 to the @entity267 . Immediately after epithelial and @entity130 , a complex sequence of processes contributes to wound repair and regeneration of normal corneal structure and function. In some corneas, however, often depending on the type and extent of injury, the response may also lead to the development of mature vimentin+  a-smooth muscle actin+  @entity18737 +  myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts are specialized fibroblastic cells generated in the @entity267 from keratocyte-derived or bone marrow-derived precursor cells. The disorganized extracellular matrix components secreted by myofibroblasts, in addition to decreased expression of corneal crystallins in these cells, are central biological processes that result in corneal stromal @entity82 associated with @entity231 or "haze". Several factors are associated with myofibroblast generation and haze development after PRK surgery in @entity95 , a reproducible model of @entity2318 , including the amount of tissue ablated, which may relate to the extent of keratocyte apoptosis in the early response to injury, irregularity of stromal surface after surgery, and changes in corneal stromal proteoglycans, but normal regeneration of the epithelial basement membrane (EBM) appears to be a critical factor determining whether a @entity267 heals with relative transparency or vision-limiting @entity231 . Structural and functional abnormalities of the regenerated EBM facilitate prolonged entry of epithelium-derived growth factors such as transforming growth factor b (TGF-b) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) into the stroma that both drive development of mature myofibroblasts from precursor cells and lead to persistence of the cells in the anterior stroma. A major discovery that has contributed to our understanding of haze development is that keratocytes and corneal fibroblasts produce critical EBM components, such as @entity72861 , nidogen-2 and perlecan, that are essential for complete regeneration of a normal EBM once laminin secreted by epithelial cells self-polymerizes into a nascent EBM. Mature myofibroblasts that become established in the anterior stroma are a barrier to keratocyte/corneal fibroblast contributions to the nascent EBM. These myofibroblasts, and the @entity231 they produce, often persist for months or years after the injury. Transparency is subsequently restored when the EBM is completely regenerated, myofibroblasts are deprived of TGFb and undergo apoptosis, and the keratocytes re-occupy the anterior stroma and reabsorb disordered extracellular matrix. The aim of this review is to highlight factors involved in the generation of stromal haze and its subsequent removal.

title: The @entity82 response to epithelial- XXXX .

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['stromal injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe clinical effects of "Santong needling" by stages for @entity1 with moderate and severe peripheral @entity3541 (PFP) in the acute period. METHODS: Sixty @entity1 with moderate and severe PFP were equally and randomly divided into Santong needling group and control group. The @entity1 of the Santong needling group were treated by shallow puncture of Yifeng (TE 17, on the affected side) and Hegu ( @entity9154 , on the healthy side) without needle manipulation in the acute stage ("Qing-tong", mild dredging) , by oblique-penetrative puncture of Dicang ( @entity23169 ) to Jiache ( @entity14048 ), etc. , and moderate manipulation of needles in the resting stage ("Qiang-tong", stronger dredging) , and by oblique-penetrative puncture of Dicang ( @entity23169 ) to Jiache ( @entity14048 ), etc., and reinforcing needling manipulation in the recovery stage("Bu-tong", tonifying dredging). The @entity1 of the control group were treated by "Jingjin" (musculotendon) puncture of the same acupoints. The treatment was conducted once daily, 5 times per week for 6 weeks. The 0-3-grade scores of therapeutic effects were evaluated according to the severity of the @entity1 ' symptoms and signs (including forehead stripes, palpebral fissure, nasolabial groove, drooping of the mouth angle, bulging cheek-air leak, food residue, dysgeusis, @entity7804 , lacrimation, and orbicularis oculi reflex). The therapeutic effect index = (score of pre-treatment--score of post-treatment)/score of pre-treatment x100% . The @entity1 ' life quality scores were assessed by using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF questionnaire. RESULTS: After the treatment, the scores of clinical symptoms and signs were significantly decreased in both control and Santong needling groups in comparison with pre-treatment in the same one group (P < 0.05), suggesting an improvement of @entity2103 after 6 weeks' treatment. Of the two 30 @entity1 in the control group and Santong needling group, 11 (36.7%) and 15 (50.0%) were cured, 8 (26.7%) and 9 (30.0%) experienced marked improvement, 5 (16.6%) and 4 (13.3%) were effective, and 6 (20.0%) and 2 (6.7%) invalid, with the effective rates being 80.0% and 93.3%, respectively. The therapeutic effect of Santong needling group was evidently superior to that of the control group (P < 0.05). Three-months' follow up showed that the WHOQOL-BREF scores were comparable between pre- and post-treatment in the same one group and between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Santong needling by stages is effective in improving clinical symptoms and signs of @entity1 with moderate and severe peripheral @entity3541 .

title: ["Santong Needling" by Stages for Moderate and Severe Peripheral XXXX in the Acute Period].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7804 :: ('MESH:D012001', 'Disease') :: ['hyperacusi']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve function']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial paralysis']

answer: @entity3541 :: (MESH:D005158,Disease) :: ['Facial Paralysis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BACKGROUND @entity2176 -resistant enterococci (VRE) have spread worldwide. OBJECTIVE To systematically review VRE outbreaks and estimate the pooled basic reproductive rate (R0) of VRE. METHODS Eligible studies criteria were (1) published within 10 years, (2) report outbreak details, (3) involve 1 center, (4) estimate epidemic duration, and (5) concern adults. Descriptive analysis included number of index cases, secondary cases, and screened @entity1 ; infection control measures; and definition of contact @entity1 . R0 was estimated by the equation R 0=(ln2) D/t d+1, with D as the generation time and t d as the doubling time. RESULTS Thirteen VRE outbreaks were retained from 180 articles and, among them, 10 were kept for R0 calculation. The mean (range) number of index cases was 2.3 (1-8) and the mean (range) number of secondary cases was 15 (3-56). The mean (range) number of screened @entity1 was 174 (32-509), with pooled VRE prevalence of 5.4% (95% CI, 4.5%-6.3%). Contact precautions were reported in 12 studies (92%), wards were closed in 7 (54%), with cohorting in 6 (46%). Two major screening policies were implemented: (1) a surveillance program in the unit or hospital (7 studies [54%]) and (2) screening of selected contact @entity1 (6 studies [46%]). The pooled R0 of VRE was 1.32 (interquartile range, 1.03-1.46). CONCLUSION We discerned considerable heterogeneity in screening policies during VRE outbreaks. Pooled R 0 was higher than 1, confirming the epidemic nature of VRE. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2016;37(3):289-394.

title: Outbreaks of XXXX -Resistant Enterococci in Hospital Settings: A Systematic Review and Calculation of the Basic Reproductive Number.

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['Vancomycin']

answer: @entity2176 :: (MESH:D014640,Chemical) :: ['Vancomycin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Both @entity285 use and @entity308 are concerning health issues among youth. The @entity341 ( @entity341 ) is a critical location to access youth with @entity308 and @entity285 misuse. OBJECTIVES: To inform future interventions in the @entity341 , this study examined the relationship between drinking behaviors and @entity308 among youth seeking @entity341 care. METHODS: Youth ages 14-20 were recruited from a level-1 @entity130 @entity341 located in the Midwest as part of a larger ongoing study. @entity1 completed an electronic screening survey, which included assessment of @entity285 use, @entity308 , and demographic variables. Two logistic regression models were conducted to assess the relationship between @entity308 with @entity285 consumption and specific @entity285 -related consequences. RESULTS: Among 3,659 @entity1 , bivariate analysis indicated that individuals screening positive for @entity308 were more likely to be female, nonwhite, receive public assistance, and report higher scores on both @entity285 consumption and @entity285 -related consequences. Regression analyses indicated @entity285 consumption, inability to stop drinking once starting, and feelings of guilt or remorse after drinking were significantly positively related to screening positive for @entity308 . Conclusions/Importance: Current findings support use of the @entity341 as a location for identifying youth who are experiencing co-morbid @entity285 use and @entity308 . Future research should focus on the effectiveness of brief intervention in the @entity341 that focuses on the co-occurrence of @entity285 misuse and @entity308 among youth.

title: Prevalence and Correlates of @entity308 and Drinking Behaviors Among Adolescents and Emerging Adults in a Suburban XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'Emergency Department']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['Emergency Department']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Both @entity285 use and @entity308 are concerning health issues among youth. The @entity341 ( @entity341 ) is a critical location to access youth with @entity308 and @entity285 misuse. OBJECTIVES: To inform future interventions in the @entity341 , this study examined the relationship between drinking behaviors and @entity308 among youth seeking @entity341 care. METHODS: Youth ages 14-20 were recruited from a level-1 @entity130 @entity341 located in the Midwest as part of a larger ongoing study. @entity1 completed an electronic screening survey, which included assessment of @entity285 use, @entity308 , and demographic variables. Two logistic regression models were conducted to assess the relationship between @entity308 with @entity285 consumption and specific @entity285 -related consequences. RESULTS: Among 3,659 @entity1 , bivariate analysis indicated that individuals screening positive for @entity308 were more likely to be female, nonwhite, receive public assistance, and report higher scores on both @entity285 consumption and @entity285 -related consequences. Regression analyses indicated @entity285 consumption, inability to stop drinking once starting, and feelings of guilt or remorse after drinking were significantly positively related to screening positive for @entity308 . Conclusions/Importance: Current findings support use of the @entity341 as a location for identifying youth who are experiencing co-morbid @entity285 use and @entity308 . Future research should focus on the effectiveness of brief intervention in the @entity341 that focuses on the co-occurrence of @entity285 misuse and @entity308 among youth.

title: Prevalence and Correlates of XXXX and Drinking Behaviors Among Adolescents and Emerging Adults in a Suburban @entity341 .

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: The transcriptional organization of the @entity238 @entity52117 (sry) locus (previously designated @entity52118 ) has been investigated by DNA sequencing, S1 nuclease mapping, and primer extension analysis. The data indicate that the five different (and partially overlapping) sry messenger RNAs detectable in early embryos are initiated at three separate sites, each directly upstream from one of the three protein-coding regions, designated (in 5' to 3' order) beta, alpha and delta. All of the sry mRNAs are transcribed in the same direction. The two blastoderm stage-specific sry mRNAs both include the alpha-coding region and have the same 5' terminus, only 183 @entity2036 downstream from the 3' terminus of a beta region transcript (which is transcribed in ovaries). Similarly, only 331 nucleotides separate the 5' end of a delta region transcript from the major 3' end of the alpha region transcripts. One of the five sry embryonic mRNAs includes both the beta and alpha protein-coding segments and the spacer region in between, while another mRNA includes both the alpha and delta protein-coding regions as well as the spacer in between. The two read-through transcripts probably result from the failure to undergo a 3' cleavage and polyadenylation event rather than from differential splicing. As the three other sry embryo mRNAs are each transcribed from a single protein-coding region, it would appear that the alpha, beta and delta open reading frames correspond to three separate genes. Codon bias analysis reinforces the notion that these three genes code for bona fide proteins with translation starting at the first in-frame AUG codon. The predicted beta and delta polypeptides show partial @entity535 sequence homology, suggesting a common evolutionary origin.

title: Sequence and structure of the XXXX locus of @entity238 . A densely transcribed region including a blastoderm-specific gene.

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila melanogaster']

answer: @entity52117 :: (43570(Tax:7227),Gene) :: ['serendipity']


abstract: The transcriptional organization of the @entity238 @entity52117 (sry) locus (previously designated @entity52118 ) has been investigated by DNA sequencing, S1 nuclease mapping, and primer extension analysis. The data indicate that the five different (and partially overlapping) sry messenger RNAs detectable in early embryos are initiated at three separate sites, each directly upstream from one of the three protein-coding regions, designated (in 5' to 3' order) beta, alpha and delta. All of the sry mRNAs are transcribed in the same direction. The two blastoderm stage-specific sry mRNAs both include the alpha-coding region and have the same 5' terminus, only 183 @entity2036 downstream from the 3' terminus of a beta region transcript (which is transcribed in ovaries). Similarly, only 331 nucleotides separate the 5' end of a delta region transcript from the major 3' end of the alpha region transcripts. One of the five sry embryonic mRNAs includes both the beta and alpha protein-coding segments and the spacer region in between, while another mRNA includes both the alpha and delta protein-coding regions as well as the spacer in between. The two read-through transcripts probably result from the failure to undergo a 3' cleavage and polyadenylation event rather than from differential splicing. As the three other sry embryo mRNAs are each transcribed from a single protein-coding region, it would appear that the alpha, beta and delta open reading frames correspond to three separate genes. Codon bias analysis reinforces the notion that these three genes code for bona fide proteins with translation starting at the first in-frame AUG codon. The predicted beta and delta polypeptides show partial @entity535 sequence homology, suggesting a common evolutionary origin.

title: Sequence and structure of the @entity52117 locus of XXXX . A densely transcribed region including a blastoderm-specific gene.

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila melanogaster']


abstract: Cellular and nuclear pleomorphism are features of @entity5115 , a premalignant alteration found in many stratified squamous epithelia including those of the oral mucosa. In the present report we have applied morphometric techniques to evaluate alterations in cellular and nuclear volume during epithelial differentiation in experimentally-induced @entity105 . Hamster cheek pouches treated with @entity106 were biopsied and assigned to @entity1373 , @entity1141 and @entity189 groups with untreated pouches being used as controls. Following a @entity5084 sampling scheme, electron micrographs from defined basal, spinous and granular strata were obtained and cellular and nuclear volumetric estimates obtained by a combination of direct measurement and stereological intersection counting. In all strata, nuclear, cytoplasmic and cellular volumes were lowest in the normal control group and were increased in all experimental groups. Volumetric estimates obtained for carcinogen-treated groups were generally between 2 to 3 times higher than for the control group which indicates that cellular and nuclear hypertrophy occurs in conjunction with the @entity2543 and proliferation induced by the chemical carcinogen. We also describe the application of the pathological alteration ratio (PAR), a parameter which is independent of methodological variables, and which was consistently elevated in our experimental study. This was also applied to a number of reports in the literature which describe morphometric alterations in cellular or nuclear parameters in a variety of @entity1 lesions. Within any particular group of lesions, PAR values were generally higher for @entity189 than for other benign conditions. We conclude that cellular and nuclear hypertrophy occurs not only during experimental @entity105 but also in @entity1 benign and malignant lesions. With the advent of computer-based automated image analysers, measurements of certain structural features on sectioned tissues may have a role in histopathological diagnosis.

title: An ultrastructural morphometric study of cellular and nuclear volume alterations during experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5115 :: ('MESH:C567703', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis', 'oral carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity105 :: (MESH:D063646,Disease) :: ['oral carcinogenesis']


abstract: " NlmCategory=: Elastography is a new method of assessment of lymph node consistency. The majority of papers focus on metastases detection of head and neck or @entity0 . The typical desmoplastic reaction in connective tissue stroma in @entity5 , which is responsible for tissue's hardening, is seen in @entity706 frequently. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study of 15 @entity1 with active Hodgkin and @entity1893 and 16 previously treated @entity1 with no evidence of recurrence. A total of 60 @entity1 suffering from reactive lymphadenopathy was the control group. The size, appearance, vascularity and elastogram of lymph node was analyzed. RESULTS: Type C elastogram correlated strongly with lymph nodes which presented at least three pathologic features in 2D image. Large lymph nodes with long axis diameter over 3 cm may have 'cheese with holes' appearance rather than common type C elastogram. CONCLUSION: According to our simplified sonoelastography scoring system, type C elastogram was present mainly in @entity1 with @entity706 affecting lymph nodes, which showed all four features that we analyzed using conventional ultrasonography. This elastogram was also present in reactive lymphadenopathies. Distinctive for large lymph nodes in @entity1 with active forms of @entity706 "cheese with holes" appearance, can be considered as equal with type C image, although it is corresponding to type B sonoelastographic map.

title: Modified sonoelastographic scale score for lymph node assessment in XXXX - a preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumors']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'lymphoma less', 'active lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin lymphomas']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma']


abstract: No single pathophysiologic factor has been identified as the cause of recurrent acute @entity788 . A systematic search should be undertaken in every @entity1 to identify one of a myriad of factors that have been shown to play a part in causing this distressing illness. The abuse of @entity167 remains the likeliest cause, and further research may reveal an @entity2246 that jeopardizes some @entity1 . @entity253 , @entity5990 , @entity2941 , @entity1377 , and duodenal diverticula show a clear relationship. @entity209 such as @entity2741 , @entity407 , and @entity2742 remain suspect. Systemic illnesses such as @entity1252 and @entity1577 must be considered. @entity245 such as @entity788 may precipitate acute @entity788 through aberrant anatomic structures. Cancer must always be disproved. Not yet firmly established but worthy of thorough investigation are uncommon causes, such as the ingestion of certain drugs or combinations of drugs and @entity130 , either recent or past. @entity788 remains frightening for those with the disease and puzzling and frustrating for the medical @entity1 who treat it. A careful history and investigation in accordance with a systematic diagnostic plan that includes many disparate factors will lead to identification of the cause in the majority of @entity1 .

title: Pathophysiologic factors in recurrent acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas divisum', 'pancreatitis', 'Pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity2941 :: ('MESH:D015529', 'Disease') :: ['choledochal cyst']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['Development anomalies']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['Biliary tract disease']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['cystic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['inborn error of metabolism']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: The changes in both the levels of some free @entity1522 and their metabolism in the @entity35 brain during the first 24 hr of postnatal life were studied. The content of @entity367 decreased for the first 2 hr; it remained at the lowest level for the next 4 hr, when it began to increase. The content of @entity493 decreased for the first 6 hr and approached the adult level. @entity26 consumption, @entity413 oxidation, and @entity2388 formation in the cerebral slices of the 24-hr-old @entity35 were as much as 150% of that of the 19-day-old fetus. The distribution profile of radioactivity incorporated into the cerebral @entity1522 from the subarachnoid-injected [U-14C]glucose was also changed. In the 2- and 6-hr-old @entity35 , 50% of the total radioactivity recovered in the free @entity1522 was in @entity493 . Its rate decreased to 30% in the 24-hr-old and was 2% in the adult, while the radioactivity incorporated into @entity367 increased. @entity493 aminotransferase activity started to increase at birth and had the highest level at 24 hr after birth. It then decreased and finally reached the same level as shown at birth. However, @entity492 aminotransferase increased during the first 6 hr after birth and did not change until the end of the first day of life.

title: Perinatal changes in amino acid metabolism of @entity35 brain, especially XXXX and @entity367 .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine', 'Alanine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity493 :: (CHEBI:16449,Chemical) :: ['alanine']


abstract: The changes in both the levels of some free @entity1522 and their metabolism in the @entity35 brain during the first 24 hr of postnatal life were studied. The content of @entity367 decreased for the first 2 hr; it remained at the lowest level for the next 4 hr, when it began to increase. The content of @entity493 decreased for the first 6 hr and approached the adult level. @entity26 consumption, @entity413 oxidation, and @entity2388 formation in the cerebral slices of the 24-hr-old @entity35 were as much as 150% of that of the 19-day-old fetus. The distribution profile of radioactivity incorporated into the cerebral @entity1522 from the subarachnoid-injected [U-14C]glucose was also changed. In the 2- and 6-hr-old @entity35 , 50% of the total radioactivity recovered in the free @entity1522 was in @entity493 . Its rate decreased to 30% in the 24-hr-old and was 2% in the adult, while the radioactivity incorporated into @entity367 increased. @entity493 aminotransferase activity started to increase at birth and had the highest level at 24 hr after birth. It then decreased and finally reached the same level as shown at birth. However, @entity492 aminotransferase increased during the first 6 hr after birth and did not change until the end of the first day of life.

title: Perinatal changes in amino acid metabolism of @entity35 brain, especially @entity493 and XXXX .

answer: @entity367 :: (CHEBI:18237,Chemical) :: ['glutamic acid']


abstract: The changes in both the levels of some free @entity1522 and their metabolism in the @entity35 brain during the first 24 hr of postnatal life were studied. The content of @entity367 decreased for the first 2 hr; it remained at the lowest level for the next 4 hr, when it began to increase. The content of @entity493 decreased for the first 6 hr and approached the adult level. @entity26 consumption, @entity413 oxidation, and @entity2388 formation in the cerebral slices of the 24-hr-old @entity35 were as much as 150% of that of the 19-day-old fetus. The distribution profile of radioactivity incorporated into the cerebral @entity1522 from the subarachnoid-injected [U-14C]glucose was also changed. In the 2- and 6-hr-old @entity35 , 50% of the total radioactivity recovered in the free @entity1522 was in @entity493 . Its rate decreased to 30% in the 24-hr-old and was 2% in the adult, while the radioactivity incorporated into @entity367 increased. @entity493 aminotransferase activity started to increase at birth and had the highest level at 24 hr after birth. It then decreased and finally reached the same level as shown at birth. However, @entity492 aminotransferase increased during the first 6 hr after birth and did not change until the end of the first day of life.

title: Perinatal changes in amino acid metabolism of XXXX brain, especially @entity493 and @entity367 .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14 ( @entity14 ) is the second most common type of @entity5 in the Western world. The treatment of this disease has evolved greatly, particularly for @entity1 with @entity3 . The advent of combination chemotherapy plus targeted agents has led to more curative resections and improved survival rates in these @entity1 . A deeper understanding of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis has facilitated @entity5 characterization, prognosis and @entity1 stratification, bringing us one step closer towards personalized medicine. SUMMARY: There are two main pathways of @entity14 development: (1) chromosomal instability, also known as the classical @entity2513 sequence, and (2) microsatellite instability, caused by a defective mismatch repair (dMMR) system. Analysis of these pathways has uncovered key prognostic and predictive biomarkers to guide @entity1 selection and treatment strategy. This review summarizes the current treatment regimens and recent advances in the personalized therapy of @entity14 . KEY MESSAGE: Understanding of the mechanisms of @entity14 pathogenesis has led to new developments in @entity5 characterization, @entity1 stratification, prognosis and treatment, bringing us closer to personalized therapy. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: In the adjuvant setting, the treatment decision is driven by clinical and histopathological factors. dMMR status is one of the most robust positive prognostic factors in resected @entity694 . More and more guidelines recommend refraining from adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity1 with dMMR. In the metastatic setting, the introduction of effective compounds, including agents that target the @entity470 and @entity7 pathways, has significantly improved survival. The presence of wild-type @entity984 and @entity8497 (all RAS) is a positive predictive factor for @entity470 antibody treatment. Therefore, analysis of all RAS status is recommended for all @entity1 with @entity3 prior to the initiation of first-line chemotherapy.

title: XXXX : Personalized Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'CRC']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['adenoma-carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Chronic use of glucocorticoids (GC) suppresses function of the @entity2339 and often results in @entity1887 (AI). The present study aimed to determine the recovery rate of adrenal function in @entity1 with secondary AI within 1-2 years and to assess the factors predictive of adrenal function recovery. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study that enrolled @entity1 diagnosed with GC-induced secondary AI between 2007 and 2013. AI was defined by peak serum @entity701 levels <18  g/dL during a standard-dose short synacthen test (SST). A follow-up SST was performed after 1-2 years, and responders were defined as those with @entity4545 (ACTH)-stimulated peak serum @entity701 levels >=  18  g/dL. RESULTS: Of the total 34 @entity1 diagnosed with GC-induced secondary AI at first, 20 @entity1 (58.8%) recovered normal adrenal function by the time of the follow-up SST (median follow-up period: 16.5 months). Although the baseline serum ACTH and @entity701 levels at the first SST did not differ between responders and non-responders, the incremental @entity701 response during the first SST was higher in responders than that of non-responders (7.88 vs. 3.56, P < 0.01). Additionally, higher @entity701 increments during the first SST were an independent predictive factor of the adrenal function recovery (odds ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval 1.02-2.46; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, adrenal function recovery was achieved frequently in @entity1 with GC-induced secondary AI within 1-2 years. Additionally, an incremental @entity701 response at the first SST may be an important predictive factor of adrenal function recovery.

title: Recovery of Adrenal Function in @entity1 with Glucocorticoids Induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['secondary adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity1887 :: (MESH:D000309,Disease) :: ['Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Chronic use of glucocorticoids (GC) suppresses function of the @entity2339 and often results in @entity1887 (AI). The present study aimed to determine the recovery rate of adrenal function in @entity1 with secondary AI within 1-2 years and to assess the factors predictive of adrenal function recovery. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study that enrolled @entity1 diagnosed with GC-induced secondary AI between 2007 and 2013. AI was defined by peak serum @entity701 levels <18  g/dL during a standard-dose short synacthen test (SST). A follow-up SST was performed after 1-2 years, and responders were defined as those with @entity4545 (ACTH)-stimulated peak serum @entity701 levels >=  18  g/dL. RESULTS: Of the total 34 @entity1 diagnosed with GC-induced secondary AI at first, 20 @entity1 (58.8%) recovered normal adrenal function by the time of the follow-up SST (median follow-up period: 16.5 months). Although the baseline serum ACTH and @entity701 levels at the first SST did not differ between responders and non-responders, the incremental @entity701 response during the first SST was higher in responders than that of non-responders (7.88 vs. 3.56, P < 0.01). Additionally, higher @entity701 increments during the first SST were an independent predictive factor of the adrenal function recovery (odds ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval 1.02-2.46; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, adrenal function recovery was achieved frequently in @entity1 with GC-induced secondary AI within 1-2 years. Additionally, an incremental @entity701 response at the first SST may be an important predictive factor of adrenal function recovery.

title: Recovery of Adrenal Function in XXXX with Glucocorticoids Induced @entity1887 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is an uncommon @entity74 predominantly affecting the oral mucosa and/or conjunctiva. In contrast to serum, the use of saliva for diagnosis of MMP by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the non-collagenous domain (NC16a) of bullous pemphigoid antigen 2 ( @entity5858 ) has not been well described. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish whether whole or parotid saliva might be a suitable alternative to serum for the diagnosis of MMP. METHODS: Commercially available pre-coated @entity5858 -NC16a ELISA plates were used to test serum, whole and parotid saliva for IgG, IgA and secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies. Sixty-four MMP @entity1 provided matched serum, whole saliva and parotid saliva. Fifty healthy controls provided matched serum and whole saliva. An additional 6 healthy controls and 16 disease controls ( @entity7271 ( @entity7271 ) n=6, lichen planus (LP) n=10) provided matched serum, whole and parotid saliva. RESULTS: The criteria for a positive result was set at >2 SD above the mean of the levels measured in the healthy controls. In whole saliva, IgG antibodies were detected in 11/64 (17%) and IgA in 23/64 (36%) with a combined positivity 29/64 (45%). In parotid saliva IgA antibodies (which were also secretory component positive) were found in 8/18 (44%) patients. Serum IgG antibodies were detected in 27/64 (42%), serum IgA antibodies were detected in 18/64 (28%) with a combined positivity in 33/64 (52%). Control samples were all negative using these criteria yielding 100% positive predictive value for all the tests. The negative predictive values were 62% for IgA saliva, 65% for IgG serum, 59% for IgA serum and 56% for IgG saliva. CONCLUSIONS: IgG and IgA antibodies to NC16a may provide a suitable diagnostic marker in MMP. Assay of salivary IgA antibodies to NC16a offer a similar diagnostic predictive value to serum and may therefore be useful as a biomarker in the diagnosis and monitoring of MMP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Salivary IgA and IgG antibodies to XXXX -NC16a as diagnostic biomarkers in Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['mucocutaneous immunobullous disorder']

entities_list: @entity7271 :: ('MESH:D010392', 'Disease') :: ['pemphigus vulgaris', 'PV']

answer: @entity5858 :: (1308,Gene) :: ['BP180']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few specific reports have addressed @entity1169 as a treatment for @entity8174 , and its mechanism remains unclear. METHODS: Eighty-seven @entity1 were recruited in this prospective study. Ten @entity1 underwent detailed color Doppler examination. The depths, vessel densities, and resistant indices of 10 lesions were recorded and analyzed before treatment and at 1 and 3 months after treatment. RESULTS: The overall responses were "bad" in 2 cases, "stable" in 4 cases, "good" in 53 cases, and "excellent" in 28 cases. @entity2695 regrowth was observed in 11 cases (12.6%). The parents of 18 @entity1 (20.7%) complained that their @entity1 experienced minor discomfort during therapy. The lesion depths, vessel densities, and resistant indices were altered after @entity1169 treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity1169 can significantly reduce the sizes of @entity8174 with minor side effects. Hemodynamic changes might play an important role in the course of @entity1169 treatment.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1730-E1736, 2016.

title: Use of @entity1169 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol', 'Propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8174 :: ('MESH:D010309', 'Disease') :: ['parotid hemangioma', 'parotid hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['Hemangioma']

answer: @entity8174 :: (MESH:D010309,Disease) :: ['parotid hemangioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few specific reports have addressed @entity1169 as a treatment for @entity8174 , and its mechanism remains unclear. METHODS: Eighty-seven @entity1 were recruited in this prospective study. Ten @entity1 underwent detailed color Doppler examination. The depths, vessel densities, and resistant indices of 10 lesions were recorded and analyzed before treatment and at 1 and 3 months after treatment. RESULTS: The overall responses were "bad" in 2 cases, "stable" in 4 cases, "good" in 53 cases, and "excellent" in 28 cases. @entity2695 regrowth was observed in 11 cases (12.6%). The parents of 18 @entity1 (20.7%) complained that their @entity1 experienced minor discomfort during therapy. The lesion depths, vessel densities, and resistant indices were altered after @entity1169 treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity1169 can significantly reduce the sizes of @entity8174 with minor side effects. Hemodynamic changes might play an important role in the course of @entity1169 treatment.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1730-E1736, 2016.

title: Use of XXXX for @entity8174 .

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of the risk and severity of @entity6802 ( @entity6802 ) and @entity308 diagnosed by neuropsychiatrists according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria using an objective questionnaire within community-dwelling elderly Korean @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 392 @entity1 who completed urological and @entity146 evaluations as a @entity1 in the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging were included in this analysis. From each subject, an interview elicited demographic characteristics and medical history, International Prostate Symptom Score was ascertained, and a @entity146 questionnaire was completed. Subjects were analyzed with regard to @entity308 and @entity6802 severity. RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 75 years, 22% were current smokers and 45% were heavy drinkers. Two hundred and twenty-nine subjects (59%) had moderate to severe @entity6802 and 6.4% of the subjects were diagnosed with major @entity308 . Those with @entity308 showed higher International Prostate Symptom Score and lower quality of life than the euthymic group (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively). Severe @entity6802 was more prevalent in the @entity308 group compared with the euthymic group (P = 0.01). Moderate to severe @entity6802 was associated with higher age, lower prevalence of @entity101 , and higher prevalence of @entity308 than mild @entity6802 . Univariate and multivariate analyses identified age, @entity101 , and @entity308 as significant prognostic factors for moderate to severe @entity6802 . @entity308 was the most significant prognostic factor. @entity308 was associated with 5.81-fold increased odds of having moderate to severe @entity6802 . CONCLUSION: In older Korean @entity1 , @entity308 symptoms are associated with moderate to severe @entity6802 .

title: Effect of XXXX on the Risk and Severity of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Elderly Korean @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive disorders', 'depression', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity6802 :: ('MESH:D059411', 'Disease') :: ['lower urinary tract symptoms', 'LUTS']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of the risk and severity of @entity6802 ( @entity6802 ) and @entity308 diagnosed by neuropsychiatrists according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria using an objective questionnaire within community-dwelling elderly Korean @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 392 @entity1 who completed urological and @entity146 evaluations as a @entity1 in the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging were included in this analysis. From each subject, an interview elicited demographic characteristics and medical history, International Prostate Symptom Score was ascertained, and a @entity146 questionnaire was completed. Subjects were analyzed with regard to @entity308 and @entity6802 severity. RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 75 years, 22% were current smokers and 45% were heavy drinkers. Two hundred and twenty-nine subjects (59%) had moderate to severe @entity6802 and 6.4% of the subjects were diagnosed with major @entity308 . Those with @entity308 showed higher International Prostate Symptom Score and lower quality of life than the euthymic group (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively). Severe @entity6802 was more prevalent in the @entity308 group compared with the euthymic group (P = 0.01). Moderate to severe @entity6802 was associated with higher age, lower prevalence of @entity101 , and higher prevalence of @entity308 than mild @entity6802 . Univariate and multivariate analyses identified age, @entity101 , and @entity308 as significant prognostic factors for moderate to severe @entity6802 . @entity308 was the most significant prognostic factor. @entity308 was associated with 5.81-fold increased odds of having moderate to severe @entity6802 . CONCLUSION: In older Korean @entity1 , @entity308 symptoms are associated with moderate to severe @entity6802 .

title: Effect of @entity308 on the Risk and Severity of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Elderly Korean XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Men']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of low (0.2 mg) and intermediate (0.4 mg) dose @entity9940 in treating lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). METHODS: @entity1 were treated with low-dose @entity9940 for an initial run-in period of 12 weeks, then divided into two groups based on their clinical improvement. @entity1 were measured for objective parameters of peak flow rate and postvoid residual urine volume, as well as subjective symptom scores and perceived @entity1 benefit of treatment. The items were then integrated as the LUTS Outcome Score to determine dose increase or maintenance. Overall outcome was determined at 36 weeks. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy-four @entity1 were enrolled and started on 0.2 mg @entity9940 treatment. One hundred and fifty-five @entity1 completed the 36-week study. Sixty @entity1 required dose increase to 0.4 mg at the 12th week. Baseline characteristics showed that a @entity1 who would benefit from 0.4 mg dosage had higher age, daytime frequency, and lower peak urine flow rate. @entity1 receiving both 0.2 and 0.04 mg both showed improved clinical outcome measures. Higher improvement was found in voiding component symptom scores and urine flow rate improvement in @entity1 receiving an increased dose. CONCLUSION: Both low- and intermediate-dose @entity9940 are effective treatment regimens. Increasing from low to intermediate dose should follow assessment of both objective and subjective improvements.

title: Efficacy of Dose Escalation of XXXX for the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity9940 :: ('MESH:C088482', 'Chemical') :: ['tamsulosin']

answer: @entity9940 :: (MESH:C088482,Chemical) :: ['Tamsulosin']


abstract: Eleven @entity1 with left @entity4615 in a ten-year period were reviewed. They ranged from 16 to 69 years old. Eight @entity1 were female. All @entity5 were located in the left atrium; one @entity1 had @entity5 . The main clinical presentation was @entity712 seen in eight @entity1 . Ten @entity1 had a correct pre-operative diagnosis. Echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis in seven @entity1 , angiocardiography in two and cardiac catheterization in one. All @entity5 were successfully removed with the aid of cardiopulmonary bypass and using a right atriotomy and trans-septal approach. Two @entity1 underwent concomitant saphenous vein aortocoronary bypass. There were no operative deaths. Excision of the @entity5 resulted in marked symptomatic improvement. There have been no recurrences. A review of the pertinent literature is presented.

title: Surgery of left XXXX . Report of eleven cases and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4615 :: ('MESH:C538262', 'Disease') :: ['atrial myxoma']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'multiple tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity4615 :: (MESH:C538262,Disease) :: ['atrial myxomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In few previous works, it has been reported that @entity5200 is associated with some types of @entity8 . In addition, one higher prevalence of @entity5200 and/or @entity1791 has been described in their family members compared to the general population. This study was carried out to find out whether @entity1 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) have these features previously described in other CAKUT types. METHODS: In a descriptive and multicenter study we studied the prevalence of @entity5200 , hypocitraturia and @entity1791 in 67 @entity1 (43 males and 24 females) with @entity8 and their families. RESULTS: The two metabolic anomalies that promote stone formation were observed in 26 @entity1 (38.8%), distributed as follows: @entity5200 in 16, hypocitraturia in 9, and both @entity5200 and hypocitraturia in 1. Eight @entity1 (11.9%) suffered renal colic during follow-up. Familial history of @entity1791 was found in 42/67 @entity1 (62.7%): in 12 of the first-degree relatives, in 15 of the second degree relatives and in 15 @entity1 both in the first-degree as in their second degree relatives. In contrast, in historic control group, only in 28.1% of families at least one member had @entity1791 . CONCLUSION: Our results show that the prevalence of @entity5200 and/or hypocitraturia is greater in pediatric @entity1 with @entity8 than in the general population. Likewise, the prevalence of @entity1791 in the families of these @entity1 is also higher than that in the general population.

title: [Unilateral renal agenesis. New arguments about the genetic relationship between XXXX and @entity1791 ].

entities_list: @entity5200 :: ('MESH:D053565', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalciuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['URA', 'unilateral renal agenesis', 'CAKUT, namely ureteropelvic junction obstruction, vesicoureteral reflux or simple renal cysts']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urolithiasis']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['kidney malformations']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In few previous works, it has been reported that @entity5200 is associated with some types of @entity8 . In addition, one higher prevalence of @entity5200 and/or @entity1791 has been described in their family members compared to the general population. This study was carried out to find out whether @entity1 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) have these features previously described in other CAKUT types. METHODS: In a descriptive and multicenter study we studied the prevalence of @entity5200 , hypocitraturia and @entity1791 in 67 @entity1 (43 males and 24 females) with @entity8 and their families. RESULTS: The two metabolic anomalies that promote stone formation were observed in 26 @entity1 (38.8%), distributed as follows: @entity5200 in 16, hypocitraturia in 9, and both @entity5200 and hypocitraturia in 1. Eight @entity1 (11.9%) suffered renal colic during follow-up. Familial history of @entity1791 was found in 42/67 @entity1 (62.7%): in 12 of the first-degree relatives, in 15 of the second degree relatives and in 15 @entity1 both in the first-degree as in their second degree relatives. In contrast, in historic control group, only in 28.1% of families at least one member had @entity1791 . CONCLUSION: Our results show that the prevalence of @entity5200 and/or hypocitraturia is greater in pediatric @entity1 with @entity8 than in the general population. Likewise, the prevalence of @entity1791 in the families of these @entity1 is also higher than that in the general population.

title: [Unilateral renal agenesis. New arguments about the genetic relationship between @entity8 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

answer: @entity1791 :: (MESH:D052878,Disease) :: ['urolithiasis']


abstract: An ultrasonographic survey of @entity1374 was conducted in 547 consecutive apparently normal overweight subjects (380 females and 167 males), aged 27-58 years in an urban area with relatively low @entity1496 intake (mean daily urinary @entity1496 excretion: 10.6 micrograms/dL). Individuals with any previous @entity1374 or familial thyroid pathology were excluded. In 240 subjects (44%) high resolution ultrasonography of the thyroid was considered normal. In 307 individuals (56%) abnormalities of the echo structure (39%) or @entity1374 (17%) were detected by ultrasonography. Marked heterogeneity of the echo structure that was considered suggestive of chronic @entity1669 was present in 81 subjects (15%). In 72 of these patients the serum anti- @entity5787 levels were positive by a sensitive RIA. Thyroid nodules either solid or predominantly cystic were present in 90 subjects (17%). Eighteen @entity1 had a relatively large nodule (diameter 15-18 mm). Eleven of these nodules were missed at clinical examination. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in 14 @entity1 and 7 individuals underwent thyroid surgery. In 6 subjects the pathologic diagnosis was benign @entity5651 and one @entity1 had a @entity189 . Thyroid function studies confirmed @entity1375 in 27 @entity1 (4.9%), all of them with elevated serum anti- @entity5787 autoantibodies levels. It was concluded that the overall occurrence of @entity1374 is more common than suspected by clinical examination.

title: Prevalence of incidental @entity1374 in a relatively low XXXX intake area.

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroiditis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['follicular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous goiter']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disease', 'thyroid abnormalities', 'thyroid nodular disease']

answer: @entity1496 :: (MESH:D007455,Chemical) :: ['iodine']


abstract: An ultrasonographic survey of @entity1374 was conducted in 547 consecutive apparently normal overweight subjects (380 females and 167 males), aged 27-58 years in an urban area with relatively low @entity1496 intake (mean daily urinary @entity1496 excretion: 10.6 micrograms/dL). Individuals with any previous @entity1374 or familial thyroid pathology were excluded. In 240 subjects (44%) high resolution ultrasonography of the thyroid was considered normal. In 307 individuals (56%) abnormalities of the echo structure (39%) or @entity1374 (17%) were detected by ultrasonography. Marked heterogeneity of the echo structure that was considered suggestive of chronic @entity1669 was present in 81 subjects (15%). In 72 of these patients the serum anti- @entity5787 levels were positive by a sensitive RIA. Thyroid nodules either solid or predominantly cystic were present in 90 subjects (17%). Eighteen @entity1 had a relatively large nodule (diameter 15-18 mm). Eleven of these nodules were missed at clinical examination. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in 14 @entity1 and 7 individuals underwent thyroid surgery. In 6 subjects the pathologic diagnosis was benign @entity5651 and one @entity1 had a @entity189 . Thyroid function studies confirmed @entity1375 in 27 @entity1 (4.9%), all of them with elevated serum anti- @entity5787 autoantibodies levels. It was concluded that the overall occurrence of @entity1374 is more common than suspected by clinical examination.

title: Prevalence of incidental XXXX in a relatively low @entity1496 intake area.

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skin tests for neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are not currently recommended for the general population undergoing general anaesthesia. In a previous study we have reported a high incidence of positive @entity566 tests for NMBAs in @entity1 with a positive history of non-anaesthetic drug @entity566 , a larger prospective study being needed to confirm those preliminary results. The objective of this study was to compare the skin tests results for @entity1 with a positive history of antibiotic-induced immediate @entity56 reactions to those of controls without @entity56 . METHODS: Ninety eight @entity1 with previous antibiotic @entity56 and 72 controls were prospectively included. Skin tests were performed for @entity5159 , @entity6305 , @entity2898 , and @entity2900 . RESULTS: We found 65 positive skin tests from the 392 tests performed in @entity1 with a positive history of antibiotic @entity56 (1 6.58%) and 23 positive skin tests from the 288 performed in controls (7.98%), the two incidences showing significant statistical difference (p  =  0.0011). The relative risk for having a positive skin test for NMBAs for @entity1 versus controls was 1.77 (1.15-2.76). For @entity5159 , skin tests were more often positive in @entity1 with a positive history of antibiotic @entity56 versus controls (p  =  0.02). For @entity6305 , @entity2898 and @entity2900 the statistical difference was not attained (p-values 0.08 for @entity6305 , 0.23 for @entity2898 , and 0.26 for @entity2900 ). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with a positive history of antibiotic @entity56 seem to have a higher incidence of positive skin tests for NMBAs. They might represent a group at higher risk for developing intraoperative anaphylaxis compared to the general population.

title: Antibiotic-induced immediate XXXX is a risk factor for positive @entity566 skin tests for neuromuscular blocking agents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5159 :: ('MESH:D001279', 'Chemical') :: ['atracurium']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['type hypersensitivity', 'drug allergies', 'hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity2898 :: ('MESH:C061870', 'Chemical') :: ['rocuronium']

entities_list: @entity6305 :: ('MESH:D010197', 'Chemical') :: ['pancuronium']

entities_list: @entity2900 :: ('MESH:D013390', 'Chemical') :: ['suxamethonium']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['type hypersensitivity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skin tests for neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are not currently recommended for the general population undergoing general anaesthesia. In a previous study we have reported a high incidence of positive @entity566 tests for NMBAs in @entity1 with a positive history of non-anaesthetic drug @entity566 , a larger prospective study being needed to confirm those preliminary results. The objective of this study was to compare the skin tests results for @entity1 with a positive history of antibiotic-induced immediate @entity56 reactions to those of controls without @entity56 . METHODS: Ninety eight @entity1 with previous antibiotic @entity56 and 72 controls were prospectively included. Skin tests were performed for @entity5159 , @entity6305 , @entity2898 , and @entity2900 . RESULTS: We found 65 positive skin tests from the 392 tests performed in @entity1 with a positive history of antibiotic @entity56 (1 6.58%) and 23 positive skin tests from the 288 performed in controls (7.98%), the two incidences showing significant statistical difference (p  =  0.0011). The relative risk for having a positive skin test for NMBAs for @entity1 versus controls was 1.77 (1.15-2.76). For @entity5159 , skin tests were more often positive in @entity1 with a positive history of antibiotic @entity56 versus controls (p  =  0.02). For @entity6305 , @entity2898 and @entity2900 the statistical difference was not attained (p-values 0.08 for @entity6305 , 0.23 for @entity2898 , and 0.26 for @entity2900 ). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with a positive history of antibiotic @entity56 seem to have a higher incidence of positive skin tests for NMBAs. They might represent a group at higher risk for developing intraoperative anaphylaxis compared to the general population.

title: Antibiotic-induced immediate @entity56 is a risk factor for positive XXXX skin tests for neuromuscular blocking agents.

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 are a known risk factor for skin breakdown and amputation, but the causes of deformity are not well understood. The purposes of this study were to determine the effects of intrinsic foot @entity121 and limited ankle joint mobility on the severity of @entity85 , and determine the relationships between these potential contributing factors and indicators of @entity2412 ( @entity1897 and advanced glycation end products). METHODS: A total of 34 @entity1 with @entity3949 (average age, 59 years; range 41-73) were studied. MTPJ angle and intrinsic foot @entity121 were measured with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Maximum ankle dorsiflexion was measured using kinematics. Skin intrinsic fluorescence served as a proxy measure for advanced glycation end product accumulation. RESULTS: Total forefoot lean muscle volume (r = -0.52, P < .01) and maximum ankle dorsiflexion (r = -0.42, P < .05) were correlated with severity of @entity85 . Together they explained 35% of the variance of MTPJ angle. @entity16 was correlated with forefoot @entity121 (   = 0.53, P < .01). Skin intrinsic fluorescence was correlated to severity of @entity16 (r = 0.50, P < .01) but not maximum ankle dorsiflexion, or forefoot deterioration when controlling for @entity16 . CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the interplay of intrinsic foot @entity121 and limited ankle mobility may be the primary contributor to the development of @entity85 . Identifying these muscle and ankle motion impairments as risk factors for @entity85 supports the need for targeted interventions early in the disease process to slow, or possibly stop the progression of deformity over time and reduce the risk of amputation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, case series.

title: Muscle and Joint Factors Associated With XXXX in the @entity6 Neuropathic Foot.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic forefoot joint deformities']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic complications']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['MTPJ deformity', 'metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) deformity']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle deterioration']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['Forefoot Deformity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 are a known risk factor for skin breakdown and amputation, but the causes of deformity are not well understood. The purposes of this study were to determine the effects of intrinsic foot @entity121 and limited ankle joint mobility on the severity of @entity85 , and determine the relationships between these potential contributing factors and indicators of @entity2412 ( @entity1897 and advanced glycation end products). METHODS: A total of 34 @entity1 with @entity3949 (average age, 59 years; range 41-73) were studied. MTPJ angle and intrinsic foot @entity121 were measured with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Maximum ankle dorsiflexion was measured using kinematics. Skin intrinsic fluorescence served as a proxy measure for advanced glycation end product accumulation. RESULTS: Total forefoot lean muscle volume (r = -0.52, P < .01) and maximum ankle dorsiflexion (r = -0.42, P < .05) were correlated with severity of @entity85 . Together they explained 35% of the variance of MTPJ angle. @entity16 was correlated with forefoot @entity121 (   = 0.53, P < .01). Skin intrinsic fluorescence was correlated to severity of @entity16 (r = 0.50, P < .01) but not maximum ankle dorsiflexion, or forefoot deterioration when controlling for @entity16 . CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the interplay of intrinsic foot @entity121 and limited ankle mobility may be the primary contributor to the development of @entity85 . Identifying these muscle and ankle motion impairments as risk factors for @entity85 supports the need for targeted interventions early in the disease process to slow, or possibly stop the progression of deformity over time and reduce the risk of amputation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, case series.

title: Muscle and Joint Factors Associated With @entity85 in the XXXX Neuropathic Foot.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetic']


abstract: AIM: @entity2531 ( @entity2531 ) are common in paediatric @entity1 who are referred to @entity1 mental health services (CAMHS), but little is known about current referral practices. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate clinical features of paediatric inpatients with @entity2531 referred to CAMHS and to describe why paediatricians referred them. METHODS: The study population comprised 60 @entity1 with @entity2531 admitted to a large Danish paediatric department during 2012. We compared medical record data on the clinical characteristics and paediatric management of 16 @entity1 who had been referred and 44 @entity1 who had not. RESULTS: Most paediatric records lacked information on psychosocial factors and symptoms. Referred @entity1 were significantly more multi-symptomatic of @entity2531 (p<0.01) than the controls, had longer symptom duration, underwent more clinical investigations, had longer paediatric admissions of at least two weeks and received more treatment elements before referral. The most frequently stated referral reason was inadequate treatment response. CONCLUSION: Paediatric inpatients with more severe @entity2531 were more likely to be referred to CAMHS, but referral reasons were generally vague and psychosocial information was frequently missing. Clinical guidelines are needed to improve and systematise mental health referrals for @entity1 with @entity2531 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Clinical features of functional somatic symptoms in XXXX and referral patterns to @entity1 and adolescent mental health services.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['Functional somatic symptoms', 'FSS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: AIM: @entity2531 ( @entity2531 ) are common in paediatric @entity1 who are referred to @entity1 mental health services (CAMHS), but little is known about current referral practices. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate clinical features of paediatric inpatients with @entity2531 referred to CAMHS and to describe why paediatricians referred them. METHODS: The study population comprised 60 @entity1 with @entity2531 admitted to a large Danish paediatric department during 2012. We compared medical record data on the clinical characteristics and paediatric management of 16 @entity1 who had been referred and 44 @entity1 who had not. RESULTS: Most paediatric records lacked information on psychosocial factors and symptoms. Referred @entity1 were significantly more multi-symptomatic of @entity2531 (p<0.01) than the controls, had longer symptom duration, underwent more clinical investigations, had longer paediatric admissions of at least two weeks and received more treatment elements before referral. The most frequently stated referral reason was inadequate treatment response. CONCLUSION: Paediatric inpatients with more severe @entity2531 were more likely to be referred to CAMHS, but referral reasons were generally vague and psychosocial information was frequently missing. Clinical guidelines are needed to improve and systematise mental health referrals for @entity1 with @entity2531 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Clinical features of functional somatic symptoms in @entity1 and referral patterns to XXXX and adolescent mental health services.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Fructus Schisandrae is traditionally used as a liver-toning Chinese herb. Recent studies suggested Fructus Schisandrae could prevent high-fat diet-induced @entity1560 as well as improving anti-oxidative status within the liver, which is a proposed mechanism against @entity6817 -induced liver @entity137 . AIM: The aim of the present study was to determine if the combination use of @entity2993 (AS) and Fructus Schisandrae aqueous extract (FSE) could (a) exert potent therapeutic effects not only on high-fat diet-induced @entity407 , but also on @entity382 (enlarge of liver size) and @entity1560 ( @entity1560 ); and (b) reduce side effects caused by intake of @entity6817 alone including increased incidence of elevated liver enzymes and liver @entity137 in @entity35 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 5 groups of @entity35 that were given the following treatment for 8 weeks: (i) Normal-chow diet; (ii) High-fat diet (contains 21% fat and 0.15% @entity165 ); (iii) High-fat diet (contains 21% fat and 0.15% @entity165 )+0.3% @entity2993 ; (iv) High-fat diet (contains 21% fat and 0.15% @entity165 )+0.45% FSE; (v) High-fat diet (contains 21% fat and 0.15% @entity165 )+0.3% @entity2993 +0.45% FSE. After 8 weeks of treatment, body weight, adipose tissue and liver mass were measured, and liver and plasma lipid levels were determined to evaluate to effect of FSE with or without AS treatment on diet-induced @entity28 , @entity407 and @entity1560 . Liver enzyme activities, anti-oxidative status and membrane permeability transition were also assessed to determine if FSE could reduce the side effects induced by AS. RESULTS: From the results, FSE treatment alone resulted in significant inhibitory effect on diet-induced increase in: a) body weight; b) fat pad mass (epididymal, perirenal and inguinal fat); c) liver weight; d) total liver lipid; e) liver @entity412 and @entity165 levels; and f) plasma lipid levels, suggesting FSE has a potential preventive beneficial effect on weight control and lipid metabolism in @entity35 with diet-induced @entity28 . However, FSE supplementation exerted no further beneficial effect on diet-induced @entity209 when it is combined with AS treatment, compared with @entity35 given AS-treatment alone. At the dose of 0.45%, dietary FSE supplementation resulted in: a) reduced liver enzymes (ALT and AST) levels; b) reduced macrophage infiltration ( @entity22519 ); c) improved liver @entity2041 levels (anti-oxidative status); d) reduced liver reactive oxidative species; e) a trend to reduce @entity460 -induced membrane permeability transition within the liver. Most importantly, these improvements induced by FSE treatment were not only observed in the livers of @entity35 given high-fat-diet, but also in high-fat-fed @entity35 with @entity2993 -induced hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these data suggested FSE has a potential beneficial effect on weight control and lipid metabolism in @entity35 with diet-induced @entity28 , and the combination use of FSE with AS could significantly prevent liver @entity137 and anti-oxidative status induced by AS alone.

title: The hepatoprotective effect of the combination use of Fructus Schisandrae with XXXX - a preclinical evaluation.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic steatosis', 'fatty liver']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin', 'Atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6817 :: (D019821,Chemical) :: ['statin']


abstract: AIMS: The technological properties of 22 @entity7178 strains from traditional fermented Kedong sufu were evaluated in order to develop autochthonous starter cultures. METHODS AND RESULTS: The proteolytic, autolytic and lipolytic activity, salt tolerance, production and degradation of the biogenic @entity4478 of 6 @entity7178 , 9 Kocuria kristinae and 7 Kocuria rosea were evaluated. The results indicated that these @entity7178 strains exhibited a certain technological diversity, and the results also indicated the best properties to be used in mixed starter cultures. Based on the above findings, two sets of autochthonous starters were formulated. Considering the physicochemical properties and sensory characteristics of sufu, the maturation period of sufu was shortened by 30 d. The profiles of free @entity3534 and peptides partly revealed the mechanism of sensory quality and shorter ripening time of sufu manufactured using autochthonous mixed starters. Compared to back-slopping fermentation, sufu manufactured with selected autochthonous starter cultures exhibited lower levels of total biogenic @entity4478 . CONCLUSIONS: The selected strains could be used as starter to avoid the accumulation of high concentrations of biogenic @entity4478 while also maintaining typical sensory characteristics and preserving the autochthonous strains of the traditional Kedong sufu. The maturation times of Kedong sufu were shortened by 30 d with application of the autochthonous starter. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Autochthonous mixed starters can reduce the generation of biogenic @entity4478 , speed up the sufu maturation process and preserve typical sensory quality. Furthermore, the rotation of two sets of mixed starter cultures can effectively resist phage attack during the production of sufu. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Evaluation of autochthonous XXXX strains as starter cultures for the production of Kedong sufu.

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity7178 :: ('1270', 'Species') :: ['micrococcus', 'Micrococcus luteus']

answer: @entity7178 :: (1270,Species) :: ['micrococcus']


abstract: Exercise training has for many years been suggested as a useful adjunct to medical therapy for @entity1 with @entity299 . While its popularity amongst the general public continues to grow, limitations in our ability to assess its effects on the heart have meant that, as cardiologists, our desire to encourage this popular upsurge in physical activity has been tempered by our inability to provide convincing evidence of its value to our @entity1 . In particular the role of exercise in the rehabilitation of @entity1 with @entity951 is as yet unclear. This review addresses this question and states what has been proven to date and also the questions which remain to be answered. It also suggests some reasons why we have failed to provide answers so far, and ways in which new technology may be used in the future. Studies in animals, asymptomatic @entity1 , and @entity1 with @entity299 have demonstrated that training reduces the resting heart rate and double product of heart rate times blood pressure at any given level of exercise. This has the benefit of reducing myocardial @entity26 consumption during exercise. There is also evidence that it increases end-diastolic volume and left ventricular wall thickness. Evidence for an increase in maximal myocardial @entity26 consumption in angina is limited to one or two studies showing an improved maximum double product and to the occasional @entity1 proven by echocardiography or nuclear studies to increase ejection fraction by training. Better selection of @entity1 and use of new imaging techniques should provide further information in the near future.

title: Cardiac adaptations to training: relevance to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['angina pectoris']