abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1822 ( @entity1822 ) are a challenging clinical entity. The vast majority of @entity1 are operated on when @entity5 are advanced. We report herein a case of @entity1822 , mimicking @entity697 and treated successfully via laparoscopy. METHODS: A 37-year-old @entity1 , para 1, was admitted to our department for right lower quadrant @entity490 , @entity221 , and @entity491 . She had no changes in gastrointestinal and urologic function. A physical examination revealed the presence of abdominal guarding, rebound, and a tender mass in the right lower quadrant. The abdominal ultrasound showed an inhomogeneous ovoid mass (6 cm in diameter) located below the cecum, with no definite margins, and consistent with an @entity2466 . The @entity1 was referred for laparoscopy. The procedure was performed with the aid of 3 ports: a 12-mm trocar in the umbilicus (open technique), a 10-mm trocar in the left iliac fossa, and a 5-mm one in the supra-pubic space. On inspection of the abdominal cavity, a retroperitoneal 6-cm mass was immediately found below the cecum and the appendix. Neither intraperitoneal seeding nor suspected lymph nodes were present. After dissection of the parietal peritoneum, the mass appeared to be encapsulated and well demarcated from all surrounding structures. It was eventually dissected and removed via a plastic bag. A standard appendectomy was also performed. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the @entity1 was discharged on the 3rd day. The histology analysis of the resected specimen showed a totally excised @entity1822 . The appendix had no signs of @entity32 . Postoperatively, the @entity1 underwent a total-body CT-scan, which had no signs of residual or distant disease. No adjuvant therapy was necessary. At an 18-month follow-up, the @entity1 was doing well and was disease free. CONCLUSION: Surgery represents the main therapeutic option for resectable @entity1822 . Laparoscopy is a useful diagnostic tool that allows safe resection of incidentally discovered, small and well encapsulated @entity1822 .

title: XXXX mimicking @entity697 : laparoscopic management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendiceal disease']

entities_list: @entity2466 :: ('MESH:D001063', 'Disease') :: ['appendiceal abscess']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['RLMS', 'Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas', 'G2 leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

answer: @entity1822 :: (MESH:D007890,Disease) :: ['Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1822 ( @entity1822 ) are a challenging clinical entity. The vast majority of @entity1 are operated on when @entity5 are advanced. We report herein a case of @entity1822 , mimicking @entity697 and treated successfully via laparoscopy. METHODS: A 37-year-old @entity1 , para 1, was admitted to our department for right lower quadrant @entity490 , @entity221 , and @entity491 . She had no changes in gastrointestinal and urologic function. A physical examination revealed the presence of abdominal guarding, rebound, and a tender mass in the right lower quadrant. The abdominal ultrasound showed an inhomogeneous ovoid mass (6 cm in diameter) located below the cecum, with no definite margins, and consistent with an @entity2466 . The @entity1 was referred for laparoscopy. The procedure was performed with the aid of 3 ports: a 12-mm trocar in the umbilicus (open technique), a 10-mm trocar in the left iliac fossa, and a 5-mm one in the supra-pubic space. On inspection of the abdominal cavity, a retroperitoneal 6-cm mass was immediately found below the cecum and the appendix. Neither intraperitoneal seeding nor suspected lymph nodes were present. After dissection of the parietal peritoneum, the mass appeared to be encapsulated and well demarcated from all surrounding structures. It was eventually dissected and removed via a plastic bag. A standard appendectomy was also performed. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the @entity1 was discharged on the 3rd day. The histology analysis of the resected specimen showed a totally excised @entity1822 . The appendix had no signs of @entity32 . Postoperatively, the @entity1 underwent a total-body CT-scan, which had no signs of residual or distant disease. No adjuvant therapy was necessary. At an 18-month follow-up, the @entity1 was doing well and was disease free. CONCLUSION: Surgery represents the main therapeutic option for resectable @entity1822 . Laparoscopy is a useful diagnostic tool that allows safe resection of incidentally discovered, small and well encapsulated @entity1822 .

title: @entity1822 mimicking XXXX : laparoscopic management.

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute appendicitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Open reduction and plate fixation has gained recognition as an effective treatment for certain types of @entity174 . However, 88% of cases report some implant-related problems. To determine the optimal plate position, the aim of the present study was to compare implant-related @entity146 and proportion of plate removal in @entity1 with @entity174 undergoing plate fixation by an anteroinferior or superior approach. METHODS: Retrospectively collected data of 39 @entity1 who underwent anteroinferior plating for displaced @entity174 were compared with prospectively collected data of 60 @entity1 who were treated with superior plate fixation as part of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Electronic medical records were reviewed for reports of complications, in particular, implant-related @entity146 and implant removal during follow-up. In addition, all @entity1 were contacted in June 2014 to obtain additional information. The primary outcome parameter was implant-related @entity146 . RESULTS: Univariate and multivariate regression analysis showed plate position was not significantly associated with implant-related @entity146 . Higher rates of asymptomatic @entity1 with the plate still in place were observed in the anteroinferior group (46% vs 22%, P = .01). Almost an equal percentage of implant removals was seen in both groups because of implant @entity146 (36% vs 37%, P = .938). CONCLUSIONS: The present study found the surgical approach of clavicular plating was not associated with implant-related @entity146 . Future studies are needed to determine whether there is an optimal approach for clavicle plating.

title: Anteroinferior versus superior plating of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['midshaft clavicular fractures', 'clavicular fractures']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritation']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['clavicular fractures']


abstract: Biopolymers produced extracellularly by @entity15250 KT2442 were examined via atomic force microscopy (AFM) and single molecule force spectroscopy. Surface biopolymers were probed in solutions with added salt concentrations ranging from that of pure water to 1 M @entity4338 . By studying the physicochemical properties of the polymers over this range of salt concentrations, we observed a transition in the steric and electrostatic properties and in the conformation of the biopolymers that were each directly related to bioadhesion. In low salt solutions, the electrophoretic mobility of the bacterium was negative, and large theoretical energy barriers to adhesion were predicted from soft-particle DLVO theory calculations. The brush layer in low salt solution was extended due to electrostatic repulsion, and therefore, steric repulsion was also high (polymers extended 440 nm from surface in pure water). The extended polymer brush layer was "soft", characterized by the slope of the compliance region of the AFM approach curves (-0.014 nN/nm). These properties resulted in low adhesion between biopolymers and the @entity36442 AFM tip. As the salt concentration increased to > or =0.01 M, a transition was observed toward a more rigid and compressed polymer brush layer, and the adhesion forces increased. In 1 M @entity4338 , the polymer brush extended 120 nm from the surface and the @entity2003 of the outer cell surface was greater (slope of the compliance region = -0.114 nN/nm). A compressed and more rigid polymer layer, as well as a less negative electrophoretic mobility for the bacterium, resulted in higher adhesion forces between the biopolymers and the AFM tip. Scaling theories for polyelectrolyte brushes were also used to explain the behavior of the biopolymer brush layer as a function of salt concentration.

title: Role of ionic strength on the relationship of biopolymer conformation, DLVO contributions, and steric interactions to bioadhesion of XXXX KT2442.

entities_list: @entity15250 :: ('303', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas putida']

entities_list: @entity36442 :: ('MESH:C032734', 'Chemical') :: ['silicon nitride']

answer: @entity15250 :: (303,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas putida']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 are unable to synthesize @entity620 ( @entity7943 ), yet it is required as a cofactor in many critical biochemical reactions. The majority of @entity1 dietary @entity7943 is obtained from plants. In @entity958 , a @entity3006 - @entity3913 pyrophosphorylase (GMPP), @entity27965 ( @entity27965 ), catalyzes a rate-limiting step in @entity7943 synthesis: the formation of @entity3006 - @entity1 . In this study, we identified two @entity4334 sugar pyrophosphorylase-like proteins, KONJAC1 (KJC1) and KJC2, which stimulate the activity of @entity27965 . The kjc1kjc2 double mutant exhibited severe @entity4241 , indicating that KJC proteins are important for growth and development. The kjc1 mutation reduced GMPP activity to 10% of wild-type levels, leading to a 60% reduction in @entity7943 levels. On the contrary, overexpression of KJC1 significantly increased GMPP activity. The kjc1 and kjc1kjc2 mutants also exhibited significantly reduced levels of glucomannan, which is also synthesized from @entity3006 - @entity1 . Recombinant KJC1 and KJC2 enhanced the GMPP activity of recombinant @entity27965 in vitro, while KJCs did not show GMPP activity. Yeast two-hybrid assays suggested that the stimulation of GMPP activity occurs via interaction of KJCs with @entity27965 . These results suggest that KJCs are key factors for the generation of @entity3006 - @entity1 and affect @entity7943 level and glucomannan accumulation through the stimulation of @entity27965 GMPP activity.

title: KONJAC1 and 2 Are Key Factors for XXXX -Mannose Generation and Affect @entity620 and Glucomannan Biosynthesis in @entity958 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Humans', 'Man']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['l-ascorbic acid']

answer: @entity3006 :: (MESH:D006153,Chemical) :: ['GDP']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 are unable to synthesize @entity620 ( @entity7943 ), yet it is required as a cofactor in many critical biochemical reactions. The majority of @entity1 dietary @entity7943 is obtained from plants. In @entity958 , a @entity3006 - @entity3913 pyrophosphorylase (GMPP), @entity27965 ( @entity27965 ), catalyzes a rate-limiting step in @entity7943 synthesis: the formation of @entity3006 - @entity1 . In this study, we identified two @entity4334 sugar pyrophosphorylase-like proteins, KONJAC1 (KJC1) and KJC2, which stimulate the activity of @entity27965 . The kjc1kjc2 double mutant exhibited severe @entity4241 , indicating that KJC proteins are important for growth and development. The kjc1 mutation reduced GMPP activity to 10% of wild-type levels, leading to a 60% reduction in @entity7943 levels. On the contrary, overexpression of KJC1 significantly increased GMPP activity. The kjc1 and kjc1kjc2 mutants also exhibited significantly reduced levels of glucomannan, which is also synthesized from @entity3006 - @entity1 . Recombinant KJC1 and KJC2 enhanced the GMPP activity of recombinant @entity27965 in vitro, while KJCs did not show GMPP activity. Yeast two-hybrid assays suggested that the stimulation of GMPP activity occurs via interaction of KJCs with @entity27965 . These results suggest that KJCs are key factors for the generation of @entity3006 - @entity1 and affect @entity7943 level and glucomannan accumulation through the stimulation of @entity27965 GMPP activity.

title: KONJAC1 and 2 Are Key Factors for @entity3006 -Mannose Generation and Affect XXXX and Glucomannan Biosynthesis in @entity958 .

answer: @entity620 :: (MESH:D001205,Chemical) :: ['l-Ascorbic Acid']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 are unable to synthesize @entity620 ( @entity7943 ), yet it is required as a cofactor in many critical biochemical reactions. The majority of @entity1 dietary @entity7943 is obtained from plants. In @entity958 , a @entity3006 - @entity3913 pyrophosphorylase (GMPP), @entity27965 ( @entity27965 ), catalyzes a rate-limiting step in @entity7943 synthesis: the formation of @entity3006 - @entity1 . In this study, we identified two @entity4334 sugar pyrophosphorylase-like proteins, KONJAC1 (KJC1) and KJC2, which stimulate the activity of @entity27965 . The kjc1kjc2 double mutant exhibited severe @entity4241 , indicating that KJC proteins are important for growth and development. The kjc1 mutation reduced GMPP activity to 10% of wild-type levels, leading to a 60% reduction in @entity7943 levels. On the contrary, overexpression of KJC1 significantly increased GMPP activity. The kjc1 and kjc1kjc2 mutants also exhibited significantly reduced levels of glucomannan, which is also synthesized from @entity3006 - @entity1 . Recombinant KJC1 and KJC2 enhanced the GMPP activity of recombinant @entity27965 in vitro, while KJCs did not show GMPP activity. Yeast two-hybrid assays suggested that the stimulation of GMPP activity occurs via interaction of KJCs with @entity27965 . These results suggest that KJCs are key factors for the generation of @entity3006 - @entity1 and affect @entity7943 level and glucomannan accumulation through the stimulation of @entity27965 GMPP activity.

title: KONJAC1 and 2 Are Key Factors for @entity3006 -Mannose Generation and Affect @entity620 and Glucomannan Biosynthesis in XXXX .

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: Between 1960 and 1983, 38 @entity1 underwent multiple operations for treatment of recurrent @entity2792 . There were 23 @entity1 and 15 @entity1 who ranged in age from eight to 69 years old (a mean of 48.5 years). The cause of @entity101 requiring repeat operation was determined roentgenographically, three @entity1 had new disease of the contralateral nonoperated renal artery, 21 @entity1 had a new lesion of the ipsilateral (previously operated) renal artery and 14 @entity1 had new lesions of both the previously operated and nonoperated renal arteries. Thirty @entity1 underwent a secondary unilateral operation and eight had a bilateral operation. Sixteen @entity1 had unilateral renal artery revascularization, 14 had unilateral nephrectomy, three had bilateral revascularization and five had unilateral revascularization with contralateral nephrectomy. There were three operative @entity204 (an operative mortality of 7.9 per cent). At hospital dismissal, 30 of 35 @entity1 were improved. Follow-up study ranged from seven months to 23 years (a mean of 7.2 years). There were eight (22.9 per cent) late @entity204 . Secondary revascularization alone produced improvement in 77 per cent. Nephrectomy alone produced improvement in 80 per cent. We conclude that secondary revascularization is the treatment of choice in @entity1 with recurrent @entity2791 . Nephrectomy should be reserved for @entity1 who cannot undergo a revascularization procedure for technical or medical reasons.

title: Repeat revascularization versus nephrectomy in the treatment of recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2792 :: ('MESH:D006978', 'Disease') :: ['renovascular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery stenosis']

answer: @entity2792 :: (MESH:D006978,Disease) :: ['renovascular hypertension']


abstract: Despite prophylaxis with immunosuppressive drugs, severe @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. T cell depletion of the graft has decreased incidence and severity of @entity2132 but has resulted in a higher incidence of graft failure and relapse. To reduce the risk of severe @entity2132 , but at the same time to maintain the graft-versus- @entity5 effect, we administered a fixed low number of 1 x 10(5) donor T cells per kilogram of body weight to recipients of @entity2280 (+) cell-enriched allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) were then given in incremental doses when mixed chimerism persisted or signs of relapse occurred. A total of 23 @entity1 receiving allografts from related and unrelated donors were treated according to this protocol after myeloablative or reduced intensity conditioning. One @entity1 did not engraft and 3/20 evaluable @entity1 developed acute (a) @entity2132 > or = grade II, with a corresponding estimated cumulative incidence of 15.6% (95% CI 0-30.5%). DLI (n = 13) induced aGVHD > or = II in 6 @entity1 , but the severity of the syndrome was reduced. Overall @entity2132 -related mortality was low (13%). The probability of disease-free survival and overall survival at 2 years was 0.40 (95% CI 0.21-0.75) and 0.36 (95% CI 0.21-0.63). Progression-free survival and overall survival was significantly better in @entity1 with @entity3052 compared to @entity1 with @entity1071 (p = 0.002; p = 0.02). We conclude that the combination of allografts with a T cell content of about 1 x 10(5)/kg and escalating doses of DLI is a viable transplant strategy in @entity1 with @entity2800 , which results in stable engraftment and a reduction of mortality from aGVHD.

title: Addition of a low fixed number of CD3+ cells to @entity2280 -enriched allografts: effects on engraftment, XXXX , and survival after related and unrelated peripheral stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative disorders']

entities_list: @entity2800 :: ('MESH:D007951', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid leukemias']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute or chronic myelogenous leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

answer: @entity2132 :: (MESH:D006086,Disease) :: ['graft-versus-host disease']


abstract: Despite prophylaxis with immunosuppressive drugs, severe @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. T cell depletion of the graft has decreased incidence and severity of @entity2132 but has resulted in a higher incidence of graft failure and relapse. To reduce the risk of severe @entity2132 , but at the same time to maintain the graft-versus- @entity5 effect, we administered a fixed low number of 1 x 10(5) donor T cells per kilogram of body weight to recipients of @entity2280 (+) cell-enriched allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) were then given in incremental doses when mixed chimerism persisted or signs of relapse occurred. A total of 23 @entity1 receiving allografts from related and unrelated donors were treated according to this protocol after myeloablative or reduced intensity conditioning. One @entity1 did not engraft and 3/20 evaluable @entity1 developed acute (a) @entity2132 > or = grade II, with a corresponding estimated cumulative incidence of 15.6% (95% CI 0-30.5%). DLI (n = 13) induced aGVHD > or = II in 6 @entity1 , but the severity of the syndrome was reduced. Overall @entity2132 -related mortality was low (13%). The probability of disease-free survival and overall survival at 2 years was 0.40 (95% CI 0.21-0.75) and 0.36 (95% CI 0.21-0.63). Progression-free survival and overall survival was significantly better in @entity1 with @entity3052 compared to @entity1 with @entity1071 (p = 0.002; p = 0.02). We conclude that the combination of allografts with a T cell content of about 1 x 10(5)/kg and escalating doses of DLI is a viable transplant strategy in @entity1 with @entity2800 , which results in stable engraftment and a reduction of mortality from aGVHD.

title: Addition of a low fixed number of CD3+ cells to XXXX -enriched allografts: effects on engraftment, @entity2132 , and survival after related and unrelated peripheral stem cell transplantation.

answer: @entity2280 :: (947,Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: We developed a new statistical framework to find genetic variants associated with extreme longevity. The method, informed GWAS (iGWAS), takes advantage of knowledge from large studies of age-related disease in order to narrow the search for SNPs associated with longevity. To gain support for our approach, we first show there is an overlap between loci involved in disease and loci associated with extreme longevity. These results indicate that several disease variants may be depleted in centenarians versus the general population. Next, we used iGWAS to harness information from 14 meta-analyses of disease and trait GWAS to identify longevity loci in two studies of long-lived @entity1 . In a standard GWAS analysis, only one locus in these studies is significant ( @entity2204 / @entity18414 ) when controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) at 10%. With iGWAS, we identify eight genetic loci to associate significantly with exceptional @entity1 longevity at FDR < 10%. We followed up the eight lead SNPs in independent cohorts, and found replication evidence of four loci and suggestive evidence for one more with exceptional longevity. The loci that replicated (FDR < 5%) included @entity2204 / @entity18414 (associated with @entity195 ), @entity44280 /ANRIL (implicated in the regulation of cellular senescence), @entity72909 (tags the O blood group), and SH2B3/ATXN2 (a signaling gene that extends lifespan in @entity238 and a gene involved in @entity16 ). Our results implicate new loci in longevity and reveal a genetic overlap between longevity and age-related diseases and traits, including @entity453 and @entity195 . iGWAS provides a new analytical strategy for uncovering SNPs that influence extreme longevity, and can be applied more broadly to boost power in other studies of complex phenotypes.

title: Genome-Wide Scan Informed by Age-Related Disease Identifies Loci for Exceptional XXXX Longevity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disease']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Obesity and @entity6 are related to @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ). A reduction in @entity33422 ( @entity33422 ) is associated with @entity28 and @entity6 in postmenopausal @entity1 . Thus, we aim to investigate whether @entity33422 is associated with @entity1561 in @entity1 over 55 who were postmenopausal with a high probability. METHODS: Our data were obtained from the 2014 Survey on Prevalence in East China for @entity209 and Risk Factors. 1635 @entity1 at the age of 55-89 were selected. The degrees of @entity1560 were categorized into mild and moderate-severe @entity1560 groups by ultrasonography. @entity33422 and other sex hormones were measured by chemiluminescence. RESULTS: 366 (22.4%) and 417 (25.5%) @entity1 had mild and moderate-severe @entity1560 , respectively. @entity33422 was negatively correlated with waist circumference, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and other metabolic factors (all P <0.05). After adjusting for age, @entity53 and total @entity251 , increased quartiles of @entity33422 were associated with significantly decreased odds ratios of mild and moderate-severe groups (both P for trends <0.05). After further adjustment for waist circumference and HOMA-IR, @entity33422 was no longer associated with mild @entity1560 . The association of @entity33422 with moderate-severe @entity1560 was attenuated by waist circumference and HOMA-IR but persisted in the fully adjusted model (P for trend <0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity33422 was negatively associated with @entity1561 in @entity1 over 55 years old. @entity1386 and insulin resistance explained most of the association of mild @entity1560 and partially explained the association of moderate-severe @entity1560 with @entity33422 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Follicle-stimulating hormone is associated with XXXX in Chinese @entity1 over 55 years old.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic steatosis', 'fatty liver']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['Adiposity']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['non-alcoholic fatty liver disease', 'NAFLD']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic Diseases']

entities_list: @entity33422 :: ('MESH:C537070', 'Disease') :: ['follicle-stimulating hormone', 'FSH']

answer: @entity1561 :: (MESH:D065626,Disease) :: ['non-alcoholic fatty liver disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Obesity and @entity6 are related to @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ). A reduction in @entity33422 ( @entity33422 ) is associated with @entity28 and @entity6 in postmenopausal @entity1 . Thus, we aim to investigate whether @entity33422 is associated with @entity1561 in @entity1 over 55 who were postmenopausal with a high probability. METHODS: Our data were obtained from the 2014 Survey on Prevalence in East China for @entity209 and Risk Factors. 1635 @entity1 at the age of 55-89 were selected. The degrees of @entity1560 were categorized into mild and moderate-severe @entity1560 groups by ultrasonography. @entity33422 and other sex hormones were measured by chemiluminescence. RESULTS: 366 (22.4%) and 417 (25.5%) @entity1 had mild and moderate-severe @entity1560 , respectively. @entity33422 was negatively correlated with waist circumference, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and other metabolic factors (all P <0.05). After adjusting for age, @entity53 and total @entity251 , increased quartiles of @entity33422 were associated with significantly decreased odds ratios of mild and moderate-severe groups (both P for trends <0.05). After further adjustment for waist circumference and HOMA-IR, @entity33422 was no longer associated with mild @entity1560 . The association of @entity33422 with moderate-severe @entity1560 was attenuated by waist circumference and HOMA-IR but persisted in the fully adjusted model (P for trend <0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity33422 was negatively associated with @entity1561 in @entity1 over 55 years old. @entity1386 and insulin resistance explained most of the association of mild @entity1560 and partially explained the association of moderate-severe @entity1560 with @entity33422 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Follicle-stimulating hormone is associated with @entity1561 in Chinese XXXX over 55 years old.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to provide estimates of the risk of progression to overt @entity712 ( @entity712 ) from systolic or diastolic asymptomatic @entity1002 through a systematic review and meta-analysis. BACKGROUND: Precise population-based estimates on the progression from asymptomatic @entity1002 (or stage B @entity712 ) to clinical @entity712 (stage C @entity712 ) remain limited, despite its prognostic and clinical implications. Pre-emptive intervention with neurohormonal modulation may attenuate disease progression. METHODS: MEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched (until March 2015). Cohort studies reporting on the progression from @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) or @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) to overt @entity712 were included. Effect estimates (prevalence, incidence, and relative risk) were pooled using a random-effects model meta-analysis, separately for @entity299 , with heterogeneity assessed with the I(2) statistic. RESULTS: Thirteen reports based on 11 distinct studies of progression of @entity1002 were included in the meta-analysis assessing a total of 25,369 @entity1 followed for 7.9 years on average. The absolute risks of progression to @entity712 were 8.4 per 100 @entity1 -years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.0 to 12.8 per 100 @entity1 -years) for those with @entity1002 , 2.8 per 100 @entity1 -years (95% CI: 1.9 to 3.7 per 100 @entity1 -years) for those with @entity1002 , and 1.04 per 100 @entity1 -years (95% CI: 0.0 to 2.2 per 100 @entity1 -years) without any @entity67 evident. The combined maximally adjusted relative risk of @entity712 for @entity1002 was 4.6 (95% CI: 2.2 to 9.8), and that of @entity1002 was 1.7 (95% CI: 1.3 to 2.2). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1002 and @entity1002 are each associated with a substantial risk for incident @entity712 indicating an imperative to develop effective intervention at these stages.

title: Assessing the Risk of Progression From  Asymptomatic Left XXXX to Overt @entity712 : A Systematic Overview and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'person']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic and diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction', 'ALVDD', 'asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction', 'ALVSD', 'left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['Ventricular Dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to provide estimates of the risk of progression to overt @entity712 ( @entity712 ) from systolic or diastolic asymptomatic @entity1002 through a systematic review and meta-analysis. BACKGROUND: Precise population-based estimates on the progression from asymptomatic @entity1002 (or stage B @entity712 ) to clinical @entity712 (stage C @entity712 ) remain limited, despite its prognostic and clinical implications. Pre-emptive intervention with neurohormonal modulation may attenuate disease progression. METHODS: MEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched (until March 2015). Cohort studies reporting on the progression from @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) or @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) to overt @entity712 were included. Effect estimates (prevalence, incidence, and relative risk) were pooled using a random-effects model meta-analysis, separately for @entity299 , with heterogeneity assessed with the I(2) statistic. RESULTS: Thirteen reports based on 11 distinct studies of progression of @entity1002 were included in the meta-analysis assessing a total of 25,369 @entity1 followed for 7.9 years on average. The absolute risks of progression to @entity712 were 8.4 per 100 @entity1 -years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.0 to 12.8 per 100 @entity1 -years) for those with @entity1002 , 2.8 per 100 @entity1 -years (95% CI: 1.9 to 3.7 per 100 @entity1 -years) for those with @entity1002 , and 1.04 per 100 @entity1 -years (95% CI: 0.0 to 2.2 per 100 @entity1 -years) without any @entity67 evident. The combined maximally adjusted relative risk of @entity712 for @entity1002 was 4.6 (95% CI: 2.2 to 9.8), and that of @entity1002 was 1.7 (95% CI: 1.3 to 2.2). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1002 and @entity1002 are each associated with a substantial risk for incident @entity712 indicating an imperative to develop effective intervention at these stages.

title: Assessing the Risk of Progression From  Asymptomatic Left @entity67 to Overt XXXX : A Systematic Overview and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy of peritubal infiltration in @entity282 following percutaneous nephrolithotomy in general PCNL @entity1 and PCNL @entity1 with supracostal renal access. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 105 PCNL @entity1 were randomized into two groups, 53 @entity1 receiving peritubal analgesic infiltration (study group) and 52 @entity1 as the control group. Of these @entity1 , supracostal access was performed in 22 @entity1 of study group and 23 @entity1 of control group. The study group received peritubal injection with 10mL of bupivacain. @entity282 as the primary outcome was assessed by using visual analogue scale at 1, 4, 12, 24 and 48 hours postoperatively. The secondary outcomes were the total postoperative @entity1286 usage in 24 hours and time of the first analgesic demand. RESULTS: The average VAS @entity158 at 1 and 4 hours after the operation in the study group were significant lower in the control group (P <= 0.001 and 0.026). Doses of @entity1286 usage for controlling @entity282 and the first analgesic demand were significantly lower and longer in study group. Among @entity1 submitted to supracostal access, the average VAS @entity158 at 1 hour after operation in the study group was lower (P=0.018). Doses of @entity1286 usage for controlling @entity282 also was lower in the study group (P=0.012). CONCLUSION: The peritubal local anesthetic infiltration is effective in alleviating immediate @entity282 after percutaneous nephrolithotomy even with supracostal access.

title: The efficacy of peritubal analgesic infiltration in XXXX following percutaneous nephrolithotomy - A prospective randomized controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain', 'Postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['postoperative pain']


abstract: @entity17084 is a drug with established uricosuric and @entity551 properties. We have examined its potential role as a single treatment for hyperuricaemia and @entity101 , 2 disorders which are commonly associated. In 17 subjects with @entity210 , blood @entity414 levels were reduced by approximately 50%. Eleven of these @entity1 also had @entity101 which was improved by @entity17084 . However, a statistically significant effect was observed only with standing diastolic blood pressure. Side effects included acute episodes of @entity210 in 4 @entity1 and transient @entity158 and @entity3833 in 1 @entity1 . The precipitation of @entity3811 is an acknowledged risk of all potent hypouricaemic drugs. The hazard of urate deposition in the renal tract implicit in the history of @entity158 is a more serious complication. Thus, it would appear that @entity17084 is a potentially valuable drug which may have a special role in @entity1 with hyperuricaemia and @entity101 . Further study is necessary to determine how it may be best administered without the risk of @entity8 .

title: @entity17084 : a single treatment for hyperuricaemia and XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3811 :: ('MESH:D015210', 'Disease') :: ['gouty arthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['loin pain']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

entities_list: @entity17084 :: ('MESH:D013989', 'Chemical') :: ['Tienilic acid', 'tienilic acid']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: @entity17084 is a drug with established uricosuric and @entity551 properties. We have examined its potential role as a single treatment for hyperuricaemia and @entity101 , 2 disorders which are commonly associated. In 17 subjects with @entity210 , blood @entity414 levels were reduced by approximately 50%. Eleven of these @entity1 also had @entity101 which was improved by @entity17084 . However, a statistically significant effect was observed only with standing diastolic blood pressure. Side effects included acute episodes of @entity210 in 4 @entity1 and transient @entity158 and @entity3833 in 1 @entity1 . The precipitation of @entity3811 is an acknowledged risk of all potent hypouricaemic drugs. The hazard of urate deposition in the renal tract implicit in the history of @entity158 is a more serious complication. Thus, it would appear that @entity17084 is a potentially valuable drug which may have a special role in @entity1 with hyperuricaemia and @entity101 . Further study is necessary to determine how it may be best administered without the risk of @entity8 .

title: XXXX : a single treatment for hyperuricaemia and @entity101 ?

answer: @entity17084 :: (MESH:D013989,Chemical) :: ['Tienilic acid']


abstract: Despite strong epidemiologic evidence in favor of a genetic component in the etiology of @entity2743 , few hereditary risk factors have been consistently identified. The term genetic anticipation denotes a decrease in the age of onset as disease is passed through generations. In the past 5 years, genetic anticipation has been described in immune-mediated diseases such as @entity309 and chronic @entity29 , and recently this phenomenon has been linked to unstable expanded trinucleotide repeat sequences in several diseases. If present in @entity2743 , anticipation could provide clues to its genetic etiology. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether genetic anticipation may occur in @entity2743 . Age at diagnosis and age at ascertainment were registered and compared in 33 same-gender parent-offspring pairs with @entity2743 from multiply affected families primarily ascertained for a genetic linkage study. The mean age at diagnosis was 46.6 years (range, 16-77) in the parents and 34.1 years (range, 16-44) in the @entity1 . The difference in the mean age at diagnosis between parents and their @entity1 was 12.5 years (95% confidence interval 3.0-21.9), p = 0.010. @entity1 were younger than their parents at diagnosis in 25 of 33 pairs (76%). In 7 pairs (21%), the parent was diagnosed after the @entity1 according to the calendar years. Essentially similar results were obtained after controlling for gender and smoking habits. In conclusion, our data suggest that @entity1 in the second affected generation seem to acquire their disease at an earlier time in life in familial cases of @entity2743 , indicating that genetic anticipation might occur.

title: Preliminary evidence of genetic anticipation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease"]

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: During the last decade, the surgical management of @entity459 has been limited to those @entity1 with symptoms or complications of the disease and most surgeons have advocated routine bilateral neck exploration. Several recent articles, however, have supported the role of early surgical intervention and minimally invasive surgery for these @entity1 . The aim of this study was to define the current surgical management of @entity459 in the UK and Ireland. METHODS: A postal questionnaire was sent to all consultant members of the British Association of Endocrine Surgeons in November 2000. The surgeons were asked about their current criteria for @entity1 selection, methods of pre-operative localisation, imaging technique before re-exploration, operative technique and follow-up. RESULTS: Questionnaires were returned from 66 of 92 surgeons (response rate 71.7%) currently performing parathyroid surgery in the UK and Ireland, at an average of 23.1 parathyroidectomies performed per annum (range, 5-120). The majority of @entity1 referred for surgery were either asymptomatic (12.1%) or minimally symptomatic (53%). There was marked variability among surgeons in the use of pre-operative imaging techniques before the initial operation (sestamibi used by 39.4% [26/66] and ultrasound by 39.4% [26/66] also, alone or in combination with other imaging techniques, while 39.4% (26/66) of surgeons used no imaging) and re-exploration. CONCLUSIONS: This survey demonstrates marked variation in pre-operative localisation and surgical management of @entity1 with @entity459 . The majority of surgeons in the UK and Ireland currently perform bilateral neck exploration with or without pre-operative localisation.

title: Surgical management of XXXX - results of a national survey.

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']

answer: @entity459 :: (MESH:D049950,Disease) :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']


abstract: After @entity742 were defleeced with @entity25223 , @entity786 or @entity72910 , the first samples of the new growth of wool differed markedly in composition from the pretreatment samples, there being substantial reductions in the high- @entity669 proteins and increases in the high- @entity599 proteins. Similar results were obtained with @entity19 dehaired with @entity25223 and with @entity742 treated with low levels of @entity25223 which resulted in weakened wool rather than depilation. The composition of later samples of the regrowth wool showed progressive changes with time. The high- @entity669 proteins tended to approach the pretreatment levels, although this may take up to 12 weeks to occur, whereas the levels of high- @entity599 proteins, after the initial increase, often fell below normal. In experiments involving defleecing with @entity786 , the level of the latter proteins was still below normal after 3 months. The possibility that this altered protein composition of keratin fibres is characteristic of that portion of fibre first produced by a new or regenerating follicle was investigated in @entity742 and @entity19 . It was found that wool follicles regenerating after plucking, and newly operating follicles in young @entity742 and @entity19 , also produced wool and hair with a reduced content of high- @entity669 proteins. It is suggested, therefore, that the apparent long-term inhibition of the high- @entity669 proteins may not be the direct consequence of the administration of the chemical but rather be characteristic of normal wool and hair regrowth. Infusion of an @entity535 mixture lacking @entity1853 into the abomasum of @entity742 caused the growth of weak wool but did not suppress the synthesis of the high- @entity669 proteins. This is in contrast with previous findings that treatments which weaken wool also suppress high- @entity669 proteins.

title: Changes in the matrix proteins of wool and XXXX hair following the administration of depilatory compounds.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity72910 :: ('MESH:C005616', 'Chemical') :: ['N-[5-(4-aminophenoxy)pentyl]-phthalimide']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: Sixty-two consecutive @entity1 with clinical stage I nonseminomatous @entity5 were entered into a prospective study to receive no treatment after orchiectomy until clinical evidence of recurrent disease. Of 59 evaluable cases, 41 (69.5%) remained continuously disease free for a median duration of 30 months (range, 18 to 46 months), and evidence of @entity3 developed in 18 @entity1 (30.5%) from 2 to 36 months after orchiectomy. The median disease-free interval for relapsing @entity1 was 6 months. Retroperitoneal metastases developed in ten @entity1 ; seven @entity1 had pulmonary metastases, and one @entity1 had progressive elevation of the serum @entity160 level. Relapses were significantly more frequent in @entity1 with either @entity189 , infiltrating @entity5 (pT greater than 1), peritumoral vascular invasion, or in those who underwent transscrotal biopsy. One @entity1 with relapse refused salvage therapy and died. The remaining 17 @entity1 have been rendered disease free with @entity900 combination chemotherapy and/or surgery. However, two @entity1 showed further recurrence, with one in the lung and the other one also in the retroperitoneal nodes. In our opinion, surveillance following orchiectomy will provide useful information in clinical stage I nonseminomatous @entity5 , but it is a difficult study. For the time being, it should be restricted to specialized centers only. In the meanwhile, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy remains the standard treatment.

title: Orchiectomy alone in clinical stage I nonseminomatous XXXX : a critical appraisal.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['testicular cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['testis cancer']


abstract: By immunoelectrophoresis of periotoneal exudates and @entity3204 cell antigens from @entity19 and hamsters infected with @entity3204 , using their corresponding rabbit antisera absorbed with serum of uninfected animals, eleven precipitating antigens were distinguished and named No. 1--11 in order of increasing electrophoretic mobility. Monospecific rabbit antisera against two of these antigens (antigen No. 1 and 11) were prepared by immunization with antigen purified by zone electrophoresis, and were used for immunochemical analyses: the component with higher mobility on immunoelectrophoresis, antigen No. 11, was detectable only in association with @entity3204 infection of @entity19 , hamsters, @entity35 and guinea pigs. Antigen No. 11 was also detectable as a single major antigen in the medium of cultures of L cells infected with @entity27774 . In contrast, antigen No. 1 was detectable in uninfected @entity19 in peritoneal exudates, and homogenates of thymus, liver and spleen, but not of brain or lymphocytes. In the latex agglutination test (LAT) for @entity3252 , anti-No. 1 serum gave a positive reaction, but anti-No. 11 gave a negative one. In 31 anti- @entity3252 sera examined, there was no correlation between the number of precipitating antibodies detectable by immunoelectrophoresis and the LAT titer.

title: Immunological analyses of antigens associated with experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3252 :: ('MESH:D014123', 'Disease') :: ['toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity3204 :: ('5811', 'Species') :: ['Toxoplasma gondii', 'toxoplasma']

answer: @entity3252 :: (MESH:D014123,Disease) :: ['toxoplasmosis']


abstract: There is growing concern about lack of scientific rigor and transparent reporting across many preclinical fields of biological research. Poor experimental design and lack of transparent reporting can result in conscious or unconscious experimental bias, producing results that are not replicable. The Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION) public-private partnership with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration sponsored a consensus meeting of the Preclinical Pain Research Consortium for Investigating Safety and Efficacy (PPRECISE) Working Group. International @entity1 from universities, funding agencies, government agencies, industry, and a @entity1 advocacy organization attended. Reduction of publication bias, increasing the ability of others to faithfully repeat experimental methods, and increased transparency of data reporting were specifically discussed. Parameters deemed essential to increase confidence in the published literature were clear, specific reporting of an a priori hypothesis and definition of primary outcome measure. Power calculations and whether measurement of minimal meaningful effect size to determine these should be a core component of the preclinical research effort provoked considerable discussion, with many but not all agreeing. Greater transparency of reporting should be driven by scientists, journal editors, reviewers, and grant funders. The conduct of high-quality science that is fully reported should not preclude novelty and innovation in preclinical @entity158 research, and indeed, any efforts that curtail such innovation would be misguided. We believe that to achieve the goal of finding effective new treatments for @entity1 with @entity158 , the @entity158 field needs to deal with these challenging issues.

title: Ensuring transparency and minimization of methodologic bias in preclinical XXXX research: PPRECISE considerations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with @entity21728 may have @entity548 complications during surgery. Because @entity548 severity and factor levels correlate poorly, factor replacement needs to be personalized based on @entity548 history and type of procedure. We report a 65-year-old male with @entity21728 (7 IU  dL(-1) ) who presented before scheduled hip arthroplasty. He had a history of total hip arthroplasty complicated by @entity548 , @entity245 and prosthesis removal, despite receiving prophylactic treatment with plasma infusion. For the current surgery a factor XI >= 50 IU  dL(-1) level was targeted. The calculated plasma infusion needed to achieve this goal was 3100 mL (14 U). Because of concerns about circulatory overload and inability to achieve target by simple infusion, prophylactic treatment with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) was requested. TPE was performed the morning before the surgery, using 100% plasma as replacement fluid (3912 mL of plasma), and a positive fluid balance of 631 mL. Factor XI activity level was 51 IU  dL(-1) immediately post TPE. The @entity1 received daily infusions of 3 U (    660 mL) of plasma to maintain a factor XI level of 30 IU  dL(-1) until post-operative day 7. @entity929 was given during the surgery and until post-operative day 10. There were no @entity548 or @entity715 complications. CONCLUSION: TPE was effective in increasing factor XI levels; it was well tolerated and did not result in circulatory overload. TPE can be considered when therapeutic factor levels cannot be achieved by simple plasma infusion, or when circulatory overload is a concern. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Preoperative management of XXXX with therapeutic plasma exchange: A case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity21728 :: ('MESH:D005173', 'Disease') :: ['factor XI deficiency']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['delayed healing']

entities_list: @entity929 :: ('MESH:D015119', 'Chemical') :: ['Aminocaproic acid']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

answer: @entity21728 :: (MESH:D005173,Disease) :: ['factor XI deficiency']


abstract: @entity2759 following operations on the abdominal aorta is considered an unpredictable event attributable to variations in spinal cord blood supply. Our experience with seven cases of @entity2759 contradicts this hypothesis. All @entity1 had a bifurcation graft implanted. Three @entity1 had bilateral interruption of hypogastric circulation. Each had @entity39 and two had left @entity63 . Two @entity1 had unilateral hypogastric ligation. In both of these @entity1 , early @entity551 preceded recognition of @entity2759 . Two @entity1 without known interruption of hypogastric flow had proximal side-to-end anastomoses placed in an @entity1856 aorta. Intraoperative @entity1897 occurred in one and @entity86 occurred in the other @entity1 . In the latter case @entity2759 occurred late concomitantly with embolization. The surmised important details in @entity1 ' courses with @entity2759 are (1) interference with pelvic blood flow (five of seven @entity1 ) severe enough in three cases to cause @entity39 and (2) a high incidence of perioperative complications. Interruption of an anomalous spinal artery was probably not a factor as @entity602 were mostly distal and no case of @entity2759 occurred after a cylinder graft was placed. @entity2759 is potentially preventable. Our experience reemphasizes the importance of hypogastric perfusion, the dangers of handling the @entity1856 aorta, and the necessity for avoiding @entity551 .

title: XXXX following operations on the abdominal aorta.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['colon ischemia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['gluteal necrosis']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['cord lesions']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral emboli']

entities_list: @entity2759 :: ('MESH:D020760', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord ischemia', 'spinal cord ischemia']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative visceral emboli']

entities_list: @entity1856 :: ('MESH:D058226', 'Disease') :: ['atheromatous']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative hypotension']

answer: @entity2759 :: (MESH:D020760,Disease) :: ['Spinal cord ischemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Researchers have deemed medicalisation a 'gendered' theory, yet the incorporation of @entity1 and masculinity in medicalisation literature is sparse. Recently, however, medicalisation scholarship has begun studying @entity1 . This burgeoning literature heavily emphasises sexuality and is beginning to focus on medicalised masculinities in which traits associated with masculinity are deemed a health risk. Such research has demonstrated how masculinities shape @entity1 's lived experiences of health, but how does health itself shape masculinity? I explore this question using the case of @entity249 . Through thirty in-depth interviews, I find that @entity1 use medicine as a way to achieve rather than diminish their sense of masculinity in the feminised context of reproduction. By perpetuating the stereotype that @entity249 is a @entity1 's problem, the medical establishment has caused @entity1 to not necessarily see themselves as infertile. Additionally, even if @entity1 do claim the @entity249 status, they do not perceive it as negative. The legitimating effects of medicalisation objectify the ailment and separate its connection with sexuality. In centring @entity1 's voices, the study not only reveals @entity1 as active players in the reproductive process, but also incorporates them into understandings of medicalisation.

title: 'I don't consider a cup performance; I consider it a test': masculinity and the medicalisation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['infertility']


abstract: In differentiated @entity259 refractory to radioactive @entity1496 ( @entity10067 ), chemotherapy has been considered for decades to be the only systemic therapy with palliative purpose. Phase II studies assessing the efficacy of different chemotherapy outlines have been published. Nevertheless, phase III studies in these @entity5 have not been performed. Our objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity10067 by a systematic review of published studies. Systematic research of the literature in Medline and Embase databases (among others) was carried out. The full texts of selected references were analysed by two independent reviewers and then assessed for risk of bias in each study. We also extracted data using specifically designed questionnaires. Later, a qualitative synthesis of results was performed and pooled data were calculated. We found that 16 studies with 473 @entity1 published in the last 40 years were included out of 509 identified references in databases. Thirteen studies (176 @entity1 ) included data on response to treatment and histology. Four studies included 70 @entity1 only with well-differentiated @entity5 . Response rate (RR) was 22.1% (0-57%) for 13 studies, 25% for the 176 @entity1 and 27.1% for the 70 @entity1 , with 2.5, 3.4 and 2.8% complete responses respectively. Survival times could not be assessed or pooled due to the lack of data and heterogeneity of the studies, and was determined to have a high risk of bias. Although it has not been possible to find solid evidence about the efficacy of chemotherapy, the results shown indicate that it may have some effectiveness, although this should be proven with well-designed studies using modern drugs.

title: Effectiveness of chemotherapy in advanced XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['non-medullary tumours', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['differentiated thyroid cancer']


abstract: Fibrinolytic agents were administered for 13 episodes of @entity715 formation on mitral or aortic valvar prostheses in 12 @entity1 . The most common presenting features were @entity4 (six cases) or arterial emboli (six cases). The diagnosis of @entity715 formation was made by phonocardiography on the following criteria: (a) modifications of the prosthetic sounds (12 cases), (b) appearance of a @entity3885 (10 cases). The treatment consisted of streptokinase (100 000 units/h after a loading dose, seven cases) or urokinase using either low doses (75 000 or 112 500 units/h, three cases) or moderate doses (150 000 units/h, three cases) for one to four days. Immediate complete regression of clinical and phonocardiographic anomalies was seen in eight cases. Incomplete improvement was seen in two @entity1 , leading to operation: this was unsuccessful in one @entity1 who had surgery on the third day, and was successful in the other on the 75th day. There were three failures leading to successful reoperative procedures in two @entity1 and to an early death in the third @entity1 suffering from @entity583 . One @entity3257 was observed in a @entity1 treated with streptokinase. No important side effect was noted during delivery in a pregnant @entity1 . During subsequent follow-up, a recurrent episode of @entity715 formation was observed in one @entity1 , treated by fibrinolytic therapy with success. One @entity1 had an operation for a valve replacement six months after fibrinolytic treatment because of non-thrombotic @entity409 ; the outcome was fatal. Six @entity1 are alive and in good condition, with a follow-up of six months to five years.

title: Fibrinolytic treatment of XXXX on prosthetic heart valves.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary oedema']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['valvar dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['valvar obstructive syndrome']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-fatal haemopericardium']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ex vivo expansion of CD8+ T-cells has been a hindrance for the success of adoptive T cell transfer in clinic. Currently, preconditioning with chemotherapy is used to modulate the @entity1 immunity before ACT, however, the @entity5 microenvironment beneficial for transferring T cells may also be damaged. Here preconditioning with single low dose of @entity632 or @entity1311 combined with fewer CD8+ T-cells was investigated to verify whether the same therapeutic efficacy of ACT could be achieved. An E.G7/OT1 animal model that involved adoptive transfer of OVA-specific CD8+ T-cells transduced with a granzyme B promoter-driven firefly luciferase and @entity523 fluorescent fusion reporter gene was used to evaluate this strategy. The result showed that CD8+ T-cells were activated and sustained longer in @entity19 pretreated with one low-dose @entity3105 or Tax. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy was found in @entity3105 or Tax combined with 2x106 CD8+ T-cells and achieved the same level of @entity5 growth inhibition as that of 5x106 CD8+ T-cells group. Notably, reduced numbers of Tregs and myeloid derived suppressor cells were shown in combination groups. By contrast, the number of @entity5 -infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes and IL-12 were increased. The NF-kB activity and immunosuppressive factors such as TGF-b, @entity22663 , @entity1750 , @entity1611 , @entity13128 , @entity10178 and @entity1618 were suppressed. This study demonstrates that preconditioning with single low dose @entity3105 or Tax and combined with two fifth of the original CD8+ T-cells could improve the @entity5 microenvironment via suppression of NF-kB and its related immunosuppressors, and activate more CD8+ T-cells which also stay longer.

title: Enhancement of adoptive T cell transfer with single low dose pretreatment of XXXX or @entity1311 in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ex vivo expansion of CD8+ T-cells has been a hindrance for the success of adoptive T cell transfer in clinic. Currently, preconditioning with chemotherapy is used to modulate the @entity1 immunity before ACT, however, the @entity5 microenvironment beneficial for transferring T cells may also be damaged. Here preconditioning with single low dose of @entity632 or @entity1311 combined with fewer CD8+ T-cells was investigated to verify whether the same therapeutic efficacy of ACT could be achieved. An E.G7/OT1 animal model that involved adoptive transfer of OVA-specific CD8+ T-cells transduced with a granzyme B promoter-driven firefly luciferase and @entity523 fluorescent fusion reporter gene was used to evaluate this strategy. The result showed that CD8+ T-cells were activated and sustained longer in @entity19 pretreated with one low-dose @entity3105 or Tax. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy was found in @entity3105 or Tax combined with 2x106 CD8+ T-cells and achieved the same level of @entity5 growth inhibition as that of 5x106 CD8+ T-cells group. Notably, reduced numbers of Tregs and myeloid derived suppressor cells were shown in combination groups. By contrast, the number of @entity5 -infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes and IL-12 were increased. The NF-kB activity and immunosuppressive factors such as TGF-b, @entity22663 , @entity1750 , @entity1611 , @entity13128 , @entity10178 and @entity1618 were suppressed. This study demonstrates that preconditioning with single low dose @entity3105 or Tax and combined with two fifth of the original CD8+ T-cells could improve the @entity5 microenvironment via suppression of NF-kB and its related immunosuppressors, and activate more CD8+ T-cells which also stay longer.

title: Enhancement of adoptive T cell transfer with single low dose pretreatment of @entity632 or XXXX in @entity19 .

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ex vivo expansion of CD8+ T-cells has been a hindrance for the success of adoptive T cell transfer in clinic. Currently, preconditioning with chemotherapy is used to modulate the @entity1 immunity before ACT, however, the @entity5 microenvironment beneficial for transferring T cells may also be damaged. Here preconditioning with single low dose of @entity632 or @entity1311 combined with fewer CD8+ T-cells was investigated to verify whether the same therapeutic efficacy of ACT could be achieved. An E.G7/OT1 animal model that involved adoptive transfer of OVA-specific CD8+ T-cells transduced with a granzyme B promoter-driven firefly luciferase and @entity523 fluorescent fusion reporter gene was used to evaluate this strategy. The result showed that CD8+ T-cells were activated and sustained longer in @entity19 pretreated with one low-dose @entity3105 or Tax. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy was found in @entity3105 or Tax combined with 2x106 CD8+ T-cells and achieved the same level of @entity5 growth inhibition as that of 5x106 CD8+ T-cells group. Notably, reduced numbers of Tregs and myeloid derived suppressor cells were shown in combination groups. By contrast, the number of @entity5 -infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes and IL-12 were increased. The NF-kB activity and immunosuppressive factors such as TGF-b, @entity22663 , @entity1750 , @entity1611 , @entity13128 , @entity10178 and @entity1618 were suppressed. This study demonstrates that preconditioning with single low dose @entity3105 or Tax and combined with two fifth of the original CD8+ T-cells could improve the @entity5 microenvironment via suppression of NF-kB and its related immunosuppressors, and activate more CD8+ T-cells which also stay longer.

title: Enhancement of adoptive T cell transfer with single low dose pretreatment of @entity632 or @entity1311 in XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Sixty-four patients with monoclonal protein in serum but initially without evidence of @entity1582 , @entity8057 , @entity2783 or @entity706 , were studied. Fifty @entity1 (78%) were observed for a period of exceeding 3 years. Based on the follow-up data the @entity1 were classified into the following four groups: Group 1 = @entity1 with transient @entity1581 : 4 . 7%; Group 2 = @entity1 without significant increase in monoclonal serum protein: 75%; Group 3 = @entity1 with more than 50% increase in monoclonal serum protein: 14 . 1%; Group 4 = @entity1 in whom @entity1582 developed: 6 . 2%. The mean interval from discovery of the serum monoclonal protein to evolution to @entity1582 was 61 months. Retrospective analysis of age, sex, blood count, bone marrow picture, antigenic type and size of serum monoclonal proteins, presence of small amounts of homogeneous light chain in the urine, serum albumin level, levels of residual immunoglobulins, did not help to distinguish initially the @entity1 in whom the @entity1581 evolved to @entity1582 from @entity1 in whom the disease remained benign and stable. The evolution to @entity1582 had occurred abruptly after long periods of stable condition; and until this progression the follow-up data were similar to the @entity1 with benign disease. The possible physiopathology of occurrence and evolution of @entity8058 is discussed.

title: The physiopathological significance of XXXX : a study of 64 cases.

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity1581 :: ('MESH:D010265', 'Disease') :: ['monoclonal gammopathy']

entities_list: @entity8058 :: ('MESH:D008998', 'Disease') :: ['benign monoclonal gammopathy']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity8057 :: ('MESH:D008258', 'Disease') :: ['macroglobulinaemia']

answer: @entity8058 :: (MESH:D008998,Disease) :: ['benign monoclonal gammopathy']


abstract: Plasma @entity535 concentrations and the elimination of parenterally administered @entity1522 were investigated in 12 @entity1 with nonhypercatabolic @entity810 . A distinctive plasma @entity535 pattern could be observed: plasma concentrations of @entity815 and @entity1853 were increased, those of @entity4857 and @entity368 decreased. Of the nonessential @entity1522 , @entity1434 , @entity2226 und @entity669 had elevated but none of them reduced plasma concentrations. The elimination of @entity1522 was evaluated in a monocompartment model after bolus injection of an @entity535 solution containing essential and nonessential @entity1522 . Pharmacokinetic parameters of 17 @entity1522 were calculated. The mean elimination half-time was raised by 25%. The elimination half-time of @entity815 , @entity1853 , @entity367 , @entity1521 and @entity7222 was increased. @entity3793 was the only @entity535 with--however insignificantly--accelerated elimination from the intravascular compartment. The total clearance rate and total transfer rate was not altered (107 and 97% of normal, respectively). The clearance of @entity1889 , @entity376 , @entity563 , @entity2228 and @entity3793 was increased, of @entity4857 , @entity815 , @entity367 and to a minor degree of @entity1853 was decreased. The transfer rate of @entity1853 , @entity376 , @entity2228 was elevated, of @entity4857 , @entity2574 , @entity367 and @entity7222 reduced. The demonstration of these pronounced alterations of @entity535 elimination in @entity810 may have major consequences in parenteral @entity535 therapy.

title: Elimination of XXXX in @entity810 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['Histidine', 'histidine']

entities_list: @entity7222 :: ('CHEBI:18257', 'Chemical') :: ['ornithine']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2574 :: ('CHEBI:22660', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartic acid']

entities_list: @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine']

answer: @entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']


abstract: Plasma @entity535 concentrations and the elimination of parenterally administered @entity1522 were investigated in 12 @entity1 with nonhypercatabolic @entity810 . A distinctive plasma @entity535 pattern could be observed: plasma concentrations of @entity815 and @entity1853 were increased, those of @entity4857 and @entity368 decreased. Of the nonessential @entity1522 , @entity1434 , @entity2226 und @entity669 had elevated but none of them reduced plasma concentrations. The elimination of @entity1522 was evaluated in a monocompartment model after bolus injection of an @entity535 solution containing essential and nonessential @entity1522 . Pharmacokinetic parameters of 17 @entity1522 were calculated. The mean elimination half-time was raised by 25%. The elimination half-time of @entity815 , @entity1853 , @entity367 , @entity1521 and @entity7222 was increased. @entity3793 was the only @entity535 with--however insignificantly--accelerated elimination from the intravascular compartment. The total clearance rate and total transfer rate was not altered (107 and 97% of normal, respectively). The clearance of @entity1889 , @entity376 , @entity563 , @entity2228 and @entity3793 was increased, of @entity4857 , @entity815 , @entity367 and to a minor degree of @entity1853 was decreased. The transfer rate of @entity1853 , @entity376 , @entity2228 was elevated, of @entity4857 , @entity2574 , @entity367 and @entity7222 reduced. The demonstration of these pronounced alterations of @entity535 elimination in @entity810 may have major consequences in parenteral @entity535 therapy.

title: Elimination of @entity1522 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute renal failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification and appropriate management of @entity1 with @entity955 ( @entity955 ) is critical to mitigate the consequences of the disease. We sought to assess the frequency and pattern of the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) use by @entity1 who presented with @entity955 and/or @entity956 ( @entity956 ) in a midsized Canadian hospital. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of @entity1 who presented to the @entity341 with @entity955 and/or @entity956 during the calendar years 2010-2012. @entity1 were identified using the MUSE (General Electric Healthcare, Bucks, United Kingdom) electrocardiogram database and matched with the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System and Discharge Abstract Database up to and including December 31, 2013, a follow-up period of 12 months. The number of presentations and time between visits was assessed. Admissions were identified and lengths of stay and reason for admission were recorded. RESULTS: We identified 1361 @entity1 who represented a total of 4783 visits to the @entity341 , a mean of 2.8    2.9 visits per @entity1 with 949 (69.7%) who returned for a subsequent @entity341 visit in the subsequent 12  months. Mean time between base and subsequent visits was 136.8    114.2 days. @entity341 visits generated 1462 admissions (63.0% at repeat @entity341 visits); mean length of stay was 9.7    16.0 days. @entity64 or transient @entity63 attack accounted for 80 return visits and 8 deaths in 77 @entity1 , 74% of whom with subtherapeutic or no anticoagulation medication. CONCLUSIONS: Presentation to the @entity341 with @entity955 and/or @entity956 , either as a primary reason for consultation or as a secondary diagnosis, was associated with a high risk of subsequent re-presentation and hospital admission.

title: Emergency Department Re-Presentation for @entity955 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter', 'AFL']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity956 :: (MESH:D001282,Disease) :: ['Atrial Flutter']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification and appropriate management of @entity1 with @entity955 ( @entity955 ) is critical to mitigate the consequences of the disease. We sought to assess the frequency and pattern of the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) use by @entity1 who presented with @entity955 and/or @entity956 ( @entity956 ) in a midsized Canadian hospital. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of @entity1 who presented to the @entity341 with @entity955 and/or @entity956 during the calendar years 2010-2012. @entity1 were identified using the MUSE (General Electric Healthcare, Bucks, United Kingdom) electrocardiogram database and matched with the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System and Discharge Abstract Database up to and including December 31, 2013, a follow-up period of 12 months. The number of presentations and time between visits was assessed. Admissions were identified and lengths of stay and reason for admission were recorded. RESULTS: We identified 1361 @entity1 who represented a total of 4783 visits to the @entity341 , a mean of 2.8    2.9 visits per @entity1 with 949 (69.7%) who returned for a subsequent @entity341 visit in the subsequent 12  months. Mean time between base and subsequent visits was 136.8    114.2 days. @entity341 visits generated 1462 admissions (63.0% at repeat @entity341 visits); mean length of stay was 9.7    16.0 days. @entity64 or transient @entity63 attack accounted for 80 return visits and 8 deaths in 77 @entity1 , 74% of whom with subtherapeutic or no anticoagulation medication. CONCLUSIONS: Presentation to the @entity341 with @entity955 and/or @entity956 , either as a primary reason for consultation or as a secondary diagnosis, was associated with a high risk of subsequent re-presentation and hospital admission.

title: Emergency Department Re-Presentation for XXXX and @entity956 .

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: Advanced technologies using polymerase-chain reaction have allowed for @entity1729 including @entity55 . @entity325 have been described for several respiratory viruses, especially with @entity683 . Outcomes of @entity5131 , including cases with @entity325 , have not been well described.This was observational cohort study conducted to describe hospitalized @entity1 with @entity5131 including @entity325 , clinical outcomes, and predictors of mortality. @entity1 admitted from March 2013 to November 2014 with a positive respiratory virus panel (RVP) and radiographic findings of @entity55 within 48h of the index RVP were included. @entity1729 ( @entity1729 ) was defined as any organism identification from a respiratory specimen within 3 days of the index RVP. Predictors of in-hospital mortality on univariate analysis were evaluated in a multivariate model.Of 284 @entity1 with @entity5131 , a majority (51.8%) were immunocompromised. A total of 84 @entity1 (29.6%) were found to have a @entity1729 with 48 (57.6%) having a bacterial @entity1729 . Viral @entity1729 with HSV, @entity2834 , or both occurred in 28 @entity1 (33.3%). Fungal (16.7%) and other CRIs (7.1%) were less common. Many @entity1 required mechanical ventilation (54%) and vasopressor support (36%). Overall in-hospital mortality was high (23.2%) and readmissions were common with several @entity1 re-hospitalized within 30 (21.1%) and 90 days (36.7%) of discharge. Predictors of in-hospital mortality on multivariate regression included severity of illness factors, stem-cell transplant, and identification of multiple respiratory viruses. In conclusion, hospital mortality is high among adult @entity1 with @entity5131 and @entity1 with multiple respiratory viruses identified may be at a higher risk.

title: Epidemiology, XXXX , and Outcomes of @entity5131 in Adults: An Observational Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity5131 :: ('MESH:D011024', 'Disease') :: ['viral pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['co-infections', 'Co-infections']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['Co-respiratory infection', 'CRI', 'increased recognition of viral respiratory infections']

answer: @entity325 :: (MESH:D060085,Disease) :: ['Co-Infections']


abstract: Advanced technologies using polymerase-chain reaction have allowed for @entity1729 including @entity55 . @entity325 have been described for several respiratory viruses, especially with @entity683 . Outcomes of @entity5131 , including cases with @entity325 , have not been well described.This was observational cohort study conducted to describe hospitalized @entity1 with @entity5131 including @entity325 , clinical outcomes, and predictors of mortality. @entity1 admitted from March 2013 to November 2014 with a positive respiratory virus panel (RVP) and radiographic findings of @entity55 within 48h of the index RVP were included. @entity1729 ( @entity1729 ) was defined as any organism identification from a respiratory specimen within 3 days of the index RVP. Predictors of in-hospital mortality on univariate analysis were evaluated in a multivariate model.Of 284 @entity1 with @entity5131 , a majority (51.8%) were immunocompromised. A total of 84 @entity1 (29.6%) were found to have a @entity1729 with 48 (57.6%) having a bacterial @entity1729 . Viral @entity1729 with HSV, @entity2834 , or both occurred in 28 @entity1 (33.3%). Fungal (16.7%) and other CRIs (7.1%) were less common. Many @entity1 required mechanical ventilation (54%) and vasopressor support (36%). Overall in-hospital mortality was high (23.2%) and readmissions were common with several @entity1 re-hospitalized within 30 (21.1%) and 90 days (36.7%) of discharge. Predictors of in-hospital mortality on multivariate regression included severity of illness factors, stem-cell transplant, and identification of multiple respiratory viruses. In conclusion, hospital mortality is high among adult @entity1 with @entity5131 and @entity1 with multiple respiratory viruses identified may be at a higher risk.

title: Epidemiology, @entity325 , and Outcomes of XXXX in Adults: An Observational Cohort Study.

answer: @entity5131 :: (MESH:D011024,Disease) :: ['Viral Pneumonia']


abstract: The effects of acute @entity5838 and @entity520 on intestinal electrolyte transport were studied in adult @entity35 . Animals were made alkalotic or acidotic by gavage feeding of 1 M solutions of @entity1219 (pH = 7.42), @entity5993 (pH = 7.52), @entity8777 (pH = 7.18), or 0.75 M (NH4)2SO4 (pH = 7.21). After 1-3 h, animals were anesthetized and prepared for in vivo perfusion of the jejunum, ileum, and colon. The jejunum exhibited increased net @entity972 absorption in @entity5838 and decreased @entity972 absorption in @entity520 . In the ileum, net @entity1372 absorption and @entity972 secretion were decreased, and @entity3157 secretion was increased in @entity5838 , and opposite effects were observed in @entity520 . The ileal lumen minus blood gradient for PCO2 (an index of @entity3884 ion secretion) was greater in acidotic than in alkalotic animals. The levels of ileal @entity1372 , @entity3157 , and @entity972 transport and the PCO2 gradient correlated well with the plasma pH and @entity3157 concentration in individual animals. In the colon, net @entity3157 secretion and @entity2865 absorption increased and @entity972 secretion decreased in @entity5838 , and opposite effects were observed in @entity520 . The colonic lumen minus blood PCO2 gradient was not affected by acid-base balance. Colonic @entity3157 transport correlated with the plasma @entity2865 concentration as well as with the plasma pH. The @entity74 had no effect on transmural potential difference. These results suggest that acute @entity5838 and @entity520 alter @entity1372 and @entity3884 ion transport in the ileum and @entity2865 and @entity3157 transport in the colon.

title: Effect of acute XXXX and @entity520 on intestinal electrolyte transport in vivo.

entities_list: @entity5838 :: ('MESH:D000471', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic alkalosis', 'alkalosis']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity2865 :: ('CHEBI:17996', 'Chemical') :: ['chloride']

entities_list: @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['acid-base disorders']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity5838 :: (MESH:D000471,Disease) :: ['metabolic alkalosis']


abstract: The effects of acute @entity5838 and @entity520 on intestinal electrolyte transport were studied in adult @entity35 . Animals were made alkalotic or acidotic by gavage feeding of 1 M solutions of @entity1219 (pH = 7.42), @entity5993 (pH = 7.52), @entity8777 (pH = 7.18), or 0.75 M (NH4)2SO4 (pH = 7.21). After 1-3 h, animals were anesthetized and prepared for in vivo perfusion of the jejunum, ileum, and colon. The jejunum exhibited increased net @entity972 absorption in @entity5838 and decreased @entity972 absorption in @entity520 . In the ileum, net @entity1372 absorption and @entity972 secretion were decreased, and @entity3157 secretion was increased in @entity5838 , and opposite effects were observed in @entity520 . The ileal lumen minus blood gradient for PCO2 (an index of @entity3884 ion secretion) was greater in acidotic than in alkalotic animals. The levels of ileal @entity1372 , @entity3157 , and @entity972 transport and the PCO2 gradient correlated well with the plasma pH and @entity3157 concentration in individual animals. In the colon, net @entity3157 secretion and @entity2865 absorption increased and @entity972 secretion decreased in @entity5838 , and opposite effects were observed in @entity520 . The colonic lumen minus blood PCO2 gradient was not affected by acid-base balance. Colonic @entity3157 transport correlated with the plasma @entity2865 concentration as well as with the plasma pH. The @entity74 had no effect on transmural potential difference. These results suggest that acute @entity5838 and @entity520 alter @entity1372 and @entity3884 ion transport in the ileum and @entity2865 and @entity3157 transport in the colon.

title: Effect of acute @entity5838 and XXXX on intestinal electrolyte transport in vivo.

answer: @entity520 :: (MESH:D000138,Disease) :: ['acidosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for @entity2516 in middle-aged to elderly Singaporeans of Indian ethnicity. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study of Indians aged over 40 years of age residing in Southwestern Singapore was conducted. An age-stratified (10-year age group) random sampling procedure was performed to select @entity1 . Refraction was determined by autorefraction followed by subjective refraction. @entity1714 was defined as @entity6110 ( @entity6110 ) < -0.50 diopters (D), @entity1714 as @entity6110 < -5.00 D, @entity940 as cylinder < -0.50 D, @entity3467 as @entity6110 > 0.50 D, and @entity9340 as @entity6110 difference > 1.00 D. Prevalence was adjusted to the 2000 Singapore census. RESULTS: Of the 4497 @entity1 eligible to participate, 3400 (75.6%) were examined. Complete data were available for 2805 adults with right eye @entity2516 and no prior @entity231 surgery. The age-adjusted prevalence was 28.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.8-30.2) for @entity1714 and 4.1% (95% CI, 3.3-5.0) for @entity1714 . There was a U-shaped relationship between @entity1714 and increasing age. The age-adjusted prevalence was 54.9% (95% CI, 52.0-57.9) for @entity940 , 35.9% (95% CI, 33.7-38.3) for @entity3467 , and 9.8% (95% CI, 8.6-11.1) for @entity9340 . In a multiple logistic regression model, adults who were female, younger, taller, spent more time reading and writing per day, or had @entity940 were more likely to be myopic. Adults who were older or had @entity1714 or @entity6 had higher risk of @entity940 . CONCLUSIONS: In Singapore, the prevalence of @entity1714 in Indian adults is similar to those in Malays, but lower than those in Chinese. Risk factors for @entity1714 are similar across the three ethnic groups in Singapore.

title: Prevalence and risk factors for XXXX in Indians: the Singapore Indian Eye Study (SINDI).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive errors', 'refractive error']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity6110 :: ('MESH:D017029', 'Disease') :: ['SE', 'spherical equivalent']

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['hyperopia']

entities_list: @entity9340 :: ('MESH:D015858', 'Disease') :: ['anisometropia']

entities_list: @entity1714 :: ('MESH:D009216', 'Disease') :: ['high myopia', 'myopia', 'Myopia']

answer: @entity2516 :: (MESH:D012030,Disease) :: ['refractive errors']


abstract: @entity13865 ( @entity13865 ) is @entity731 or non- @entity731 in origin. Eosinophilic infiltrate is identified in coronary artery adventitia in @entity453 . We postulate that a systemic inflammatory state causes @entity13865 in younger @entity1 who do not have significant @entity453 risk factors. We report a case series of 13 @entity1 presenting with @entity13865 from ages 26-48 with follow up from 1 month to 13 years. Most @entity1 did not have conventional risk factors for @entity453 ( @entity453 ). Approximately 50% of the @entity1 developed recurrent dissection within the first 2 weeks of an index event, but < 25% were symptomatic during follow up. All @entity1 were alive at follow up. Systemic inflammatory state was observed in 80% of @entity1 who developed early recurrent dissection. @entity13865 should be strongly suspected in younger @entity1 presenting with @entity1187 without @entity453 risk factors. Coronary dissection may recur within first 2 weeks, but @entity1 have good long-term survival without new episodes of dissection. Broad rheumatologic and connective tissue disease work-up should be considered in young females presenting with @entity13865 .

title: XXXX : case series with extended follow up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity13865 :: ('MESH:C565153', 'Disease') :: ['SCAD', 'Spontaneous coronary artery dissection']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease', 'non-atherosclerotic SCAD']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

answer: @entity13865 :: (MESH:C565153,Disease) :: ['Spontaneous coronary artery dissection']


abstract: Successful results of palatal implants in the treatment of @entity27 ( @entity27 ) have been reported in the short term; however, there are limited data in the long-term results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term results and to determine factors that predicted the responders in @entity1 undergoing palatal implants in the treatment of @entity27 . A study was undertaken on 92 @entity27 @entity1 . Palatal implants were conducted to stiffen the soft palate and data were analyzed. @entity1 tolerated the procedure well. They were examined between 26 and 32 months after the operation (mean 28.9    4.8). Age range was 25-65 years (38.4    10.5) and BMI was 27.3    2.4 kg/m. The mean preoperative ESS score was 12.3    2.6 and long-term ESS was 7.9    1.8 (p < 0.001). The mean VAS for snoring in the baseline was 8.2    1.2 and long-term VAS was 3.8    2.3 (p < 0.001). The mean preoperative LSAT and long-term LSAT were 87.4    6.7 and 89.2    4.8%, respectively (p < 0.01). The mean AHI decreased from 21.7    6.8 to 10.8    4.8 (p < 0.001). Forty-eight (52.2%) @entity1 had long-term surgical response. Responders had significantly lower preoperative BMI, AHI, and MMP level than non-responders. Implant extrusion occurred in seven @entity1 (7.6%) and @entity2419 in one @entity1 (1.1%). Bleeding and @entity1224 were not encountered. Palatal implants in carefully selected @entity1 suffering from mild @entity27 , give fairly good long-term results and have a low complication rate.

title: Long-term results of palatal implants for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['palatal abscess']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: We report an @entity794 outbreak in our 25-bed tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), which was successfully contained. Methods include a retrospective review of @entity1 files, microbiology records and meeting protocols. During the seven months of outbreak, 27 @entity1 and seven @entity283 ( @entity283 ) had positive cultures for @entity794 . The outbreak was caused by the epidemic Rhine-Hessen strain; cultured isolates were monoclonal. After a sharp increase of the number of new @entity794 -cases the installation of an outbreak management team (OMT) and implementation of comprehensive measures (extensive screening and decolonization strategy including orally applied @entity2176 , isolation wards, intensive disinfection regimen) successfully terminated the outbreak within one month. Ten (53%) of 19 @entity1 with completed follow-up and all of the @entity283 were decolonized successfully. Gastrointestinal colonization was present in 15 of 27 (56%) neonates, and was associated with poor decolonization success (30% vs. 78% in absence of @entity344 ). A comprehensive outbreak management can terminate an outbreak in a NICU setting within a short time. Thorough screening of nares, throat and especially stool is necessary for correct cohorting. Gastrointestinal decolonization in neonates seems difficult.

title: Successful management of an XXXX outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['health care workers', 'HCWs']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal colonization']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['MRSA']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity356 is the fourth commonest @entity5 and the second leading cause of @entity5 . Although @entity356 is less common throughout Africa than in Europe, there are considerable variations in its incidence and pattern. It accounts for about 5% of @entity5 . It is characterized with significant morbidity and mortality mainly because of late presentation in developing and poor countries. Previous studies on @entity356 in Ibadan and other West African centres demonstrated the preponderance of distal (pyloric antrum) @entity1819 when @entity4094 ( @entity4094 , fundus) lesions. Nevertheless, recent studies in developed nations show that @entity1819 are on the decline while there is an increase in the proportion of proximal @entity1819 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to review the pattern of presentation of @entity1 with @entity356 managed in our surgical division over a 5-year period and to determine changes in the trend in our environment. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study of all @entity1 with @entity356 between November 2004 and October 2009 was carried out. Simple descriptive analysis was used to characterize the @entity1 ' demographic parameters, symptomatology, clinical and investigative findings along with treatment and outcome modalities. RESULTS: There were 49 cases managed by the division over the period under review. The male to female ratio was 1.45:1 with a mean age of 56 years at presentation. Duration of symptom was less than 5 months (20 weeks) in 47.9% of the @entity1 . @entity1282 was present in 12.2% while 52.6% had a history of suspected @entity10189 . There was electrolyte derangement in 31.7% of the @entity1 while 52.6% had @entity417 at presentation. Proximal @entity5 of the gastro-oesophageal region, @entity4094 and the body constituted 51% of the cases; 51.4% of the @entity1 were blood group O as opposed to 28.6% and 20%, respectively, with blood A and B. Thirty-six @entity1 (73.5%) had a histological diagnosis of @entity420 , five @entity1 (10%) had signet ring variant of @entity5 , while three @entity1 (6.1%) were each had @entity5 or @entity706 . DISCUSSION: Our review shows a peak age in the sixth and seventh decades at presentation. There is a significant increase in the proportion of proximal @entity1819 and a predominance of blood group O. @entity5 and @entity706 should be considered as differential diagnosis. @entity1 still present late with @entity1442 , and curative treatment is often impossible.

title: A review of the current profile of XXXX presentation in the university college hospital Ibadan, a tertiary health care institution in the tropics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['compared to proximal', 'cardia']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['distal gastric lesions', 'gastric lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma carcinoma', 'gastrointestinal stromal tumours', 'cancer-related death', 'tumours', 'Gastrointestinal stromal tumour', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced diseases']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinoma', 'gastric cancer', 'Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']