abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1295 is a commonly reported symptom in @entity5 @entity1 it is rarely investigated, especially in @entity1 with @entity43 . The main focus of the current study was to assess @entity1295 in these @entity1 and to investigate the impact of @entity1295 and other clinical and psychosocial variables on their quality of life (QOL). METHODS: Ninety-eight @entity43 survivors (average age of 57.4 +/- 12.5 years) were included in the study. All @entity1 had received @entity5 therapy but had not been treated for at least 6 months. The average time elapsed since first diagnosis was 5.7 +/- 5.5 years. Fatigue was measured with the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) and QOL was measured with the Functional Assessment of @entity5 Therapy (FACT)- @entity43 part and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of @entity5 Care Questionnaire, including the @entity43 module. RESULTS: Thirty-two of 98 @entity43 @entity1 (32.7%, 95% confidence interval, 23.5-42.9%) reported MFI-20 General Fatigue scores >/= 12.0 and therefore could be characterized as suffering from @entity1295 . This group of @entity1 had a significantly lower QOL, had higher scores of @entity148 and @entity308 , and perceived that they had less social support. In a multiple regression model, mental adjustment, social support, @entity148 , and @entity308 as well as @entity1295 were significant predictors of QOL (FACT-generic part total score) whereas clinical and sociodemographic variables were not. CONCLUSION: A remarkably high proportion of @entity43 survivors suffered from @entity1295 . Because this symptom is a key predictor of QOL, it should be given more attention in aftercare programs.

title: Fatigue in XXXX @entity1 : a neglected issue?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1295 is a commonly reported symptom in @entity5 @entity1 it is rarely investigated, especially in @entity1 with @entity43 . The main focus of the current study was to assess @entity1295 in these @entity1 and to investigate the impact of @entity1295 and other clinical and psychosocial variables on their quality of life (QOL). METHODS: Ninety-eight @entity43 survivors (average age of 57.4 +/- 12.5 years) were included in the study. All @entity1 had received @entity5 therapy but had not been treated for at least 6 months. The average time elapsed since first diagnosis was 5.7 +/- 5.5 years. Fatigue was measured with the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) and QOL was measured with the Functional Assessment of @entity5 Therapy (FACT)- @entity43 part and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of @entity5 Care Questionnaire, including the @entity43 module. RESULTS: Thirty-two of 98 @entity43 @entity1 (32.7%, 95% confidence interval, 23.5-42.9%) reported MFI-20 General Fatigue scores >/= 12.0 and therefore could be characterized as suffering from @entity1295 . This group of @entity1 had a significantly lower QOL, had higher scores of @entity148 and @entity308 , and perceived that they had less social support. In a multiple regression model, mental adjustment, social support, @entity148 , and @entity308 as well as @entity1295 were significant predictors of QOL (FACT-generic part total score) whereas clinical and sociodemographic variables were not. CONCLUSION: A remarkably high proportion of @entity43 survivors suffered from @entity1295 . Because this symptom is a key predictor of QOL, it should be given more attention in aftercare programs.

title: Fatigue in @entity43 XXXX : a neglected issue?

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity155 @entity174 of the medial tubercle of the posterior process of the talus occurs after forceful dorsiflexion-pronation of the ankle. We evaluated five @entity1 who had sustained this @entity174 while participating in sporting activities. Two @entity1 were correctly diagnosed acutely and treated with immobilization and limited weightbearing. @entity174 in the remaining three @entity1 went undiagnosed acutely. This group was treated with delayed operative excision for persistent posteromedial @entity158 . The @entity1 were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 35 months using the AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale. The two @entity1 diagnosed and treated acutely achieved excellent results. The three @entity1 with missed @entity174 did poorly, yet achieved comparable results after late excision. Our results suggest that prompt diagnosis and appropriate management yields reliably good outcomes. Untreated @entity155 @entity174 predictably do poorly. For these @entity1 , late excision can provide significant functional and symptomatic improvement.

title: XXXX of the medial tubercle of the posterior process of the talus.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'Avulsion fractures']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['ankle pain']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['Avulsion', 'avulsion']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Avulsion fractures']


abstract: Immunohistochemistry for @entity72603 ( @entity72603 ), @entity41902 ( @entity41902 ), and cytokeratin 20 (CK 20) using commercially available antibodies was done in normal @entity235 urinary bladder and 72 @entity235 @entity150 that had been fixed in @entity406 and embedded in @entity982 . Prolonged fixation (3-28 days) did not significantly alter the immunostaining for @entity72603 . There was moderate reduction in the intensity for @entity41902 and CK 20 after 1 week of fixation. @entity72603 was detected in superficial (umbrella) cells and some intermediate cells of the normal urinary bladder, 7 of 7 transitional cell @entity1185 (TCPs), 50 of 55 @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ), and 4 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . Staining was typically outlined in the plasma membrane, but diffuse or focal cytoplasmic staining was also observed. Intracytoplasmic lumina were usually positive for @entity72603 . One @entity957 , 4 nonepithelial @entity150 , and 285 @entity5 from different nonurinary locations were negative for @entity72603 . @entity41902 was detected in 7 of 7 TCPs, 53 of 54 @entity1606 , and 5 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . The staining for @entity41902 was diffuse cytoplasmic. CK 20 was detected in 1 of 7 TCPs, 37 of 54 @entity1606 , and 1 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . The staining with CK 20 was cytoplasmic and weaker than with antibodies to @entity72603 or @entity41902 . There was concurrent expression of @entity72603 , @entity41902 , and CK 20 in 36 of 54 @entity1606 . @entity72603 is a specific and sensitive marker for @entity235 transitional epithelial (urothelial) neoplasms, detecting 91% of @entity1606 . Negative results may be observed with @entity5 .

title: Immunohistochemical detection of @entity72603 , @entity41902 , and cytokeratin 20 in @entity235 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic tumors', 'nonurothelial tumors']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papillomas']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumors', 'urinary bladder tumors']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional cell carcinomas', 'TCCs']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['urothelial tumors']


abstract: Immunohistochemistry for @entity72603 ( @entity72603 ), @entity41902 ( @entity41902 ), and cytokeratin 20 (CK 20) using commercially available antibodies was done in normal @entity235 urinary bladder and 72 @entity235 @entity150 that had been fixed in @entity406 and embedded in @entity982 . Prolonged fixation (3-28 days) did not significantly alter the immunostaining for @entity72603 . There was moderate reduction in the intensity for @entity41902 and CK 20 after 1 week of fixation. @entity72603 was detected in superficial (umbrella) cells and some intermediate cells of the normal urinary bladder, 7 of 7 transitional cell @entity1185 (TCPs), 50 of 55 @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ), and 4 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . Staining was typically outlined in the plasma membrane, but diffuse or focal cytoplasmic staining was also observed. Intracytoplasmic lumina were usually positive for @entity72603 . One @entity957 , 4 nonepithelial @entity150 , and 285 @entity5 from different nonurinary locations were negative for @entity72603 . @entity41902 was detected in 7 of 7 TCPs, 53 of 54 @entity1606 , and 5 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . The staining for @entity41902 was diffuse cytoplasmic. CK 20 was detected in 1 of 7 TCPs, 37 of 54 @entity1606 , and 1 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . The staining with CK 20 was cytoplasmic and weaker than with antibodies to @entity72603 or @entity41902 . There was concurrent expression of @entity72603 , @entity41902 , and CK 20 in 36 of 54 @entity1606 . @entity72603 is a specific and sensitive marker for @entity235 transitional epithelial (urothelial) neoplasms, detecting 91% of @entity1606 . Negative results may be observed with @entity5 .

title: Immunohistochemical detection of @entity72603 , XXXX , and cytokeratin 20 in @entity235 @entity5 .

answer: @entity41902 :: (477602(Tax:9615),Gene) :: ['cytokeratin 7']


abstract: Immunohistochemistry for @entity72603 ( @entity72603 ), @entity41902 ( @entity41902 ), and cytokeratin 20 (CK 20) using commercially available antibodies was done in normal @entity235 urinary bladder and 72 @entity235 @entity150 that had been fixed in @entity406 and embedded in @entity982 . Prolonged fixation (3-28 days) did not significantly alter the immunostaining for @entity72603 . There was moderate reduction in the intensity for @entity41902 and CK 20 after 1 week of fixation. @entity72603 was detected in superficial (umbrella) cells and some intermediate cells of the normal urinary bladder, 7 of 7 transitional cell @entity1185 (TCPs), 50 of 55 @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ), and 4 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . Staining was typically outlined in the plasma membrane, but diffuse or focal cytoplasmic staining was also observed. Intracytoplasmic lumina were usually positive for @entity72603 . One @entity957 , 4 nonepithelial @entity150 , and 285 @entity5 from different nonurinary locations were negative for @entity72603 . @entity41902 was detected in 7 of 7 TCPs, 53 of 54 @entity1606 , and 5 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . The staining for @entity41902 was diffuse cytoplasmic. CK 20 was detected in 1 of 7 TCPs, 37 of 54 @entity1606 , and 1 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . The staining with CK 20 was cytoplasmic and weaker than with antibodies to @entity72603 or @entity41902 . There was concurrent expression of @entity72603 , @entity41902 , and CK 20 in 36 of 54 @entity1606 . @entity72603 is a specific and sensitive marker for @entity235 transitional epithelial (urothelial) neoplasms, detecting 91% of @entity1606 . Negative results may be observed with @entity5 .

title: Immunohistochemical detection of XXXX , @entity41902 , and cytokeratin 20 in @entity235 @entity5 .

answer: @entity72603 :: (609118(Tax:9615),Gene) :: ['uroplakin III']


abstract: Immunohistochemistry for @entity72603 ( @entity72603 ), @entity41902 ( @entity41902 ), and cytokeratin 20 (CK 20) using commercially available antibodies was done in normal @entity235 urinary bladder and 72 @entity235 @entity150 that had been fixed in @entity406 and embedded in @entity982 . Prolonged fixation (3-28 days) did not significantly alter the immunostaining for @entity72603 . There was moderate reduction in the intensity for @entity41902 and CK 20 after 1 week of fixation. @entity72603 was detected in superficial (umbrella) cells and some intermediate cells of the normal urinary bladder, 7 of 7 transitional cell @entity1185 (TCPs), 50 of 55 @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ), and 4 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . Staining was typically outlined in the plasma membrane, but diffuse or focal cytoplasmic staining was also observed. Intracytoplasmic lumina were usually positive for @entity72603 . One @entity957 , 4 nonepithelial @entity150 , and 285 @entity5 from different nonurinary locations were negative for @entity72603 . @entity41902 was detected in 7 of 7 TCPs, 53 of 54 @entity1606 , and 5 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . The staining for @entity41902 was diffuse cytoplasmic. CK 20 was detected in 1 of 7 TCPs, 37 of 54 @entity1606 , and 1 of 5 metastatic @entity1606 . The staining with CK 20 was cytoplasmic and weaker than with antibodies to @entity72603 or @entity41902 . There was concurrent expression of @entity72603 , @entity41902 , and CK 20 in 36 of 54 @entity1606 . @entity72603 is a specific and sensitive marker for @entity235 transitional epithelial (urothelial) neoplasms, detecting 91% of @entity1606 . Negative results may be observed with @entity5 .

title: Immunohistochemical detection of @entity72603 , @entity41902 , and cytokeratin 20 in XXXX @entity5 .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine the relation of sleep-related symptoms to race and ethnicity in a diverse sample of middle-aged and older @entity1 and @entity1 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional questionnaire survey. SETTING: In the initial phase of the Sleep Heart Health Study, @entity1 and @entity1 enrolled in participating epidemiologic cohort studies were surveyed. @entity1 : 13,194 @entity1 and @entity1 40 years of age and older, including 11,517 non-Hispanic white, 648 black, 643 American Indian, 296 Hispanic, and 90 Asian-Pacific Islander. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: After adjustment for BMI and other factors, frequent snoring was more common among Hispanic @entity1 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.48, 3.42) and black @entity1 (OR = 1.55, 95% Ci = 1.13, 2.13) than among non-Hispanic white @entity1 . Hispanic @entity1 were significantly more likely to report frequent snoring than non-Hispanic white @entity1 (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.43, 3.69). Black, American Indian, and Asian @entity1 did not differ significantly from white @entity1 in snoring prevalence. American Indian @entity1 were significantly more likely to report @entity1353 pauses during sleep than their white, non-Hispanic counterparts (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.03, 2.24), although polysomnography data on a subset of the sample suggested that the association between this symptom reported on questionnaire and objective evidence of @entity25 @entity1353 may be weaker among American Indians than among other groups. Mean Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores were slightly higher in black @entity1 and @entity1 than in their white, non-hispanic counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent snoring was more common among black and Hispanic @entity1 and Hispanic @entity1 than among their white non-Hispanic counterparts, even after adjusting for BMI and other factors. Further research including polysomnography and objective measurements of sleepiness is needed to assess the physiologic and clinical significance of these findings.

title: Variation in symptoms of XXXX @entity1353 with race and ethnicity: the Sleep Heart Health Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep-disordered']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['sleep-disordered']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine the relation of sleep-related symptoms to race and ethnicity in a diverse sample of middle-aged and older @entity1 and @entity1 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional questionnaire survey. SETTING: In the initial phase of the Sleep Heart Health Study, @entity1 and @entity1 enrolled in participating epidemiologic cohort studies were surveyed. @entity1 : 13,194 @entity1 and @entity1 40 years of age and older, including 11,517 non-Hispanic white, 648 black, 643 American Indian, 296 Hispanic, and 90 Asian-Pacific Islander. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: After adjustment for BMI and other factors, frequent snoring was more common among Hispanic @entity1 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.48, 3.42) and black @entity1 (OR = 1.55, 95% Ci = 1.13, 2.13) than among non-Hispanic white @entity1 . Hispanic @entity1 were significantly more likely to report frequent snoring than non-Hispanic white @entity1 (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.43, 3.69). Black, American Indian, and Asian @entity1 did not differ significantly from white @entity1 in snoring prevalence. American Indian @entity1 were significantly more likely to report @entity1353 pauses during sleep than their white, non-Hispanic counterparts (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.03, 2.24), although polysomnography data on a subset of the sample suggested that the association between this symptom reported on questionnaire and objective evidence of @entity25 @entity1353 may be weaker among American Indians than among other groups. Mean Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores were slightly higher in black @entity1 and @entity1 than in their white, non-hispanic counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent snoring was more common among black and Hispanic @entity1 and Hispanic @entity1 than among their white non-Hispanic counterparts, even after adjusting for BMI and other factors. Further research including polysomnography and objective measurements of sleepiness is needed to assess the physiologic and clinical significance of these findings.

title: Variation in symptoms of @entity25 XXXX with race and ethnicity: the Sleep Heart Health Study.

answer: @entity1353 :: (MESH:D004417,Disease) :: ['breathing']


abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the effect of @entity342 deprivation therapy (ADT) on rates of @entity79 ( @entity79 ) loss in @entity1 with @entity263 . It was a prospective study comparing @entity1 receiving ADT to age matched controls for 2 y. Subjects received a history, physical exam, @entity79 measurement, and laboratory evaluation every 6 months. Thirty-nine subjects receiving continuous ADT for @entity263 (subjects) were compared to 39 age-matched controls not receiving ADT (controls). Twenty-three subjects and 30 controls completed the study through 24 months. @entity1 in the ADT group demonstrated greater rates of @entity79 loss than @entity1 in the control group at every site except the lumbar spine. Twenty-four month per cent of @entity79 loss is presented as mean+/-standard error (s.e.). At the distal forearm, the ADT group value was -9.4%+/-1.0% and -4.4%+/-0.3% for controls (P<0.0005). The ADT group femoral neck values were -1.9%+/-0.7% and 0.6%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0016). The ADT group total hip value was -1.5%+/-1.0% and 0.8%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0018). The ADT group trochanter value was -2.0%+/-1.3% and -0.1%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0019). The ADT group lumbar spine value was -0.2%+/-0.8 % and 1.1%+/-0.6% in the control group (P=0.079). Our data demonstrate greater rates of @entity79 loss in @entity1 receiving @entity342 deprivation therapy for @entity263 .

title: @entity342 deprivation in @entity1 with XXXX is associated with an increased rate of bone loss.

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the effect of @entity342 deprivation therapy (ADT) on rates of @entity79 ( @entity79 ) loss in @entity1 with @entity263 . It was a prospective study comparing @entity1 receiving ADT to age matched controls for 2 y. Subjects received a history, physical exam, @entity79 measurement, and laboratory evaluation every 6 months. Thirty-nine subjects receiving continuous ADT for @entity263 (subjects) were compared to 39 age-matched controls not receiving ADT (controls). Twenty-three subjects and 30 controls completed the study through 24 months. @entity1 in the ADT group demonstrated greater rates of @entity79 loss than @entity1 in the control group at every site except the lumbar spine. Twenty-four month per cent of @entity79 loss is presented as mean+/-standard error (s.e.). At the distal forearm, the ADT group value was -9.4%+/-1.0% and -4.4%+/-0.3% for controls (P<0.0005). The ADT group femoral neck values were -1.9%+/-0.7% and 0.6%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0016). The ADT group total hip value was -1.5%+/-1.0% and 0.8%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0018). The ADT group trochanter value was -2.0%+/-1.3% and -0.1%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0019). The ADT group lumbar spine value was -0.2%+/-0.8 % and 1.1%+/-0.6% in the control group (P=0.079). Our data demonstrate greater rates of @entity79 loss in @entity1 receiving @entity342 deprivation therapy for @entity263 .

title: XXXX deprivation in @entity1 with @entity263 is associated with an increased rate of bone loss.

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['Androgen']


abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the effect of @entity342 deprivation therapy (ADT) on rates of @entity79 ( @entity79 ) loss in @entity1 with @entity263 . It was a prospective study comparing @entity1 receiving ADT to age matched controls for 2 y. Subjects received a history, physical exam, @entity79 measurement, and laboratory evaluation every 6 months. Thirty-nine subjects receiving continuous ADT for @entity263 (subjects) were compared to 39 age-matched controls not receiving ADT (controls). Twenty-three subjects and 30 controls completed the study through 24 months. @entity1 in the ADT group demonstrated greater rates of @entity79 loss than @entity1 in the control group at every site except the lumbar spine. Twenty-four month per cent of @entity79 loss is presented as mean+/-standard error (s.e.). At the distal forearm, the ADT group value was -9.4%+/-1.0% and -4.4%+/-0.3% for controls (P<0.0005). The ADT group femoral neck values were -1.9%+/-0.7% and 0.6%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0016). The ADT group total hip value was -1.5%+/-1.0% and 0.8%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0018). The ADT group trochanter value was -2.0%+/-1.3% and -0.1%+/-0.5% in the control group (P=0.0019). The ADT group lumbar spine value was -0.2%+/-0.8 % and 1.1%+/-0.6% in the control group (P=0.079). Our data demonstrate greater rates of @entity79 loss in @entity1 receiving @entity342 deprivation therapy for @entity263 .

title: @entity342 deprivation in XXXX with @entity263 is associated with an increased rate of bone loss.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is insufficient evidence to suggest the routine use of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in @entity1 with one to three positive axillary nodes and @entity5 . We have assessed the risk of locoregional recurrence (LRR) with or without @entity138 in this group of @entity1 , and focused on the results in subgroups defined by @entity5 size. @entity1 AND METHODS: 249 @entity1 with @entity5 and one to three positive nodes underwent mastectomy and axillary dissection between 1983 and 1987. Locoregional @entity138 of 50 Gy was given to 175 @entity1 . Chemotherapy or hormonal therapy was administered to 41 and 71 @entity1 , respectively. The median follow-up time of survivors was 189 months (range, 167-227 months). RESULTS: The rates of isolated LRR without or with @entity138 were 16% (12/74) and 8% (14/175), respectively (p = 0.05), and the total (with or without distant relapse) LRR rates 23% and 12%, respectively (p = 0.03). 15-year overall survival amounted to 41% without @entity138 and to 52% with @entity138 (p = 0.2). The rates of isolated LRR for @entity1 treated with chemotherapy or hormonal therapy only were 25% and 12%, respectively. In the absence of @entity138 , age (> 45 vs = 45 years; p = 0.06), @entity5 size (T1 vs T2; p = 0.07), and extranodal invasion (ENI; absent vs present; p = 0.09) were related to the risk of developing an isolated LRR. On multivariate analysis, only @entity5 size (relative risk [RR], 3.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-15.14) and age (RR, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.03-11.09) emerged as independent significant predictors, whereas ENI (RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.81-2.77) did not. In the T1 subgroup, the estimated 15-year isolated LRR rate was 9% (3/36) without and 9% (8/99) with @entity138 (p = 0.9775). 15-year disease-free survival amounted to 62% and 57%, respectively (p = 0.5153). For @entity1 without @entity138 , according to the age groups (= 45 vs > 45 years), the 15-year rates of isolated LRR were 9% and 9%, respectively (p = 0.9910). In the T2 subgroup, the estimated 15-year isolated LRR rate was 30% (9/38) without and 10% (6/76) with @entity138 (RR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.12-0.92; p = 0.0244). 15-year disease-free survival amounted to 32% and 50%, respectively (p = 0.1213). For @entity1 without @entity138 , according to the age groups (< or = 45 vs > 45 years), the 15-year rates of isolated LRR were 57% and 16%, respectively (p = 0.0049). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with T1 @entity5 and one to three positive nodes are at low risk of isolated LRR either with or without @entity138 . @entity1 with T2 @entity5 and one to three positive nodes are at high risk of isolated LRR without @entity138 . Our findings support the routine use of PMRT in @entity1 with T2 @entity5 , especially those aged < or = 45 years.

title: Locoregional failure 15 years after mastectomy in @entity1 with one to three positive axillary nodes with or without irradiation the significance of XXXX size.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'T1/2 tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is insufficient evidence to suggest the routine use of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in @entity1 with one to three positive axillary nodes and @entity5 . We have assessed the risk of locoregional recurrence (LRR) with or without @entity138 in this group of @entity1 , and focused on the results in subgroups defined by @entity5 size. @entity1 AND METHODS: 249 @entity1 with @entity5 and one to three positive nodes underwent mastectomy and axillary dissection between 1983 and 1987. Locoregional @entity138 of 50 Gy was given to 175 @entity1 . Chemotherapy or hormonal therapy was administered to 41 and 71 @entity1 , respectively. The median follow-up time of survivors was 189 months (range, 167-227 months). RESULTS: The rates of isolated LRR without or with @entity138 were 16% (12/74) and 8% (14/175), respectively (p = 0.05), and the total (with or without distant relapse) LRR rates 23% and 12%, respectively (p = 0.03). 15-year overall survival amounted to 41% without @entity138 and to 52% with @entity138 (p = 0.2). The rates of isolated LRR for @entity1 treated with chemotherapy or hormonal therapy only were 25% and 12%, respectively. In the absence of @entity138 , age (> 45 vs = 45 years; p = 0.06), @entity5 size (T1 vs T2; p = 0.07), and extranodal invasion (ENI; absent vs present; p = 0.09) were related to the risk of developing an isolated LRR. On multivariate analysis, only @entity5 size (relative risk [RR], 3.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-15.14) and age (RR, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.03-11.09) emerged as independent significant predictors, whereas ENI (RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.81-2.77) did not. In the T1 subgroup, the estimated 15-year isolated LRR rate was 9% (3/36) without and 9% (8/99) with @entity138 (p = 0.9775). 15-year disease-free survival amounted to 62% and 57%, respectively (p = 0.5153). For @entity1 without @entity138 , according to the age groups (= 45 vs > 45 years), the 15-year rates of isolated LRR were 9% and 9%, respectively (p = 0.9910). In the T2 subgroup, the estimated 15-year isolated LRR rate was 30% (9/38) without and 10% (6/76) with @entity138 (RR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.12-0.92; p = 0.0244). 15-year disease-free survival amounted to 32% and 50%, respectively (p = 0.1213). For @entity1 without @entity138 , according to the age groups (< or = 45 vs > 45 years), the 15-year rates of isolated LRR were 57% and 16%, respectively (p = 0.0049). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with T1 @entity5 and one to three positive nodes are at low risk of isolated LRR either with or without @entity138 . @entity1 with T2 @entity5 and one to three positive nodes are at high risk of isolated LRR without @entity138 . Our findings support the routine use of PMRT in @entity1 with T2 @entity5 , especially those aged < or = 45 years.

title: Locoregional failure 15 years after mastectomy in XXXX with one to three positive axillary nodes with or without irradiation the significance of @entity5 size.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To create an evidence-based position statement regarding the role of progestogen in postmenopausal hormone therapy ( @entity172 plus a progestogen, or EPT) for the management of menopause-related symptoms. DESIGN: NAMS followed the general principles established for evidence-based guidelines to create this document. Clinicians and researchers acknowledged to be experts in the field of postmenopausal hormone therapy were enlisted to review the evidence obtained from the medical literature and develop a position statement for approval by the NAMS Board of Trustees. RESULTS: The primary role of progestogen in postmenopausal hormone therapy is endometrial protection. Unopposed @entity172 therapy (ET) is associated with a significantly increased risk of @entity1869 and @entity420 . Adding the appropriate dose and duration of progestogen to ET has been shown to lower that risk to the level found in never-users of ET. The clinical goal of progestogen in EPT is to provide endometrial protection while maintaining @entity172 benefits and minimizing progestogen-induced side effects, particularly uterine @entity548 . EPT discontinuance correlates with uterine @entity548 - @entity1 with more days of @entity2588 have higher rates of continuance. All US Food and Drug Administration-approved progestogen formulations will provide endometrial protection if the dose and duration are adequate. @entity7828 may diminish the beneficial effects of ET on cardiovascular risk factors. However, no EPT (or ET) regimen should be initiated for the primary or secondary prevention of @entity65 . Some @entity7828 may negatively affect mood. Adding progestogen to ET does not decrease the @entity0 risk, although it does not seem to increase mortality. Progestogen increases mammographic density, which is reversed after discontinuation of use. @entity3942 has limited effect on the bone-enhancing action of ET. In general, the side effects of added @entity3942 are mild, although they may be severe in a small percentage of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Progestogen should be added to ET for all postmenopausal @entity1 with an intact uterus to prevent the elevated risk of @entity172 -induced @entity1869 and @entity420 . There is no consensus on a preferred regimen for all @entity1 . By changing the progestogen type, route, or regimen, clinicians can individualize therapy to minimize side effects, especially uterine @entity548 , and limit any effects on ET benefits while providing adequate endometrial protection.

title: Role of progestogen in hormone therapy for postmenopausal XXXX : position statement of The North American Menopause Society.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity7828 :: ('MESH:D011372', 'Chemical') :: ['Progestogens', 'progestogens']

entities_list: @entity3942 :: ('CHEBI:50745', 'Chemical') :: ['progestogen', 'Progestogen']

entities_list: @entity1869 :: ('MESH:D004714', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular heart disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the inflammatory markers in @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) or non-inflammatory diseases undergoing @entity572 ( @entity572 ) and to ascertain the variation trend of perioperative inflammatory markers and the influence of @entity32 markers after @entity572 . METHODS: Between January 2013 and December 2014, 153 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1691 were included. According to the range of motion (ROM), the @entity1 were divided into ankylosis group (ROM: 0 degrees; group A, n = 92) and stiff group (ROM: 3-46 degrees; group B, n = 61); 120 non-inflammatory diseases @entity1 having no @entity2348 and undergoing primary @entity572 served as non-inflammatory group (group C). The inflammatory markers including @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity650 ( @entity650 ), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) concentrations were measured before operation and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after operation, and the complication was observed. RESULTS: Perioperative serum @entity1851 , @entity650 , and ESR increased at first after operation, and then decreased in 3 groups. There were significant differences in @entity1851 and ESR between at pre- and post-operation (P < 0.05); the @entity650 at 1, 3, and 5 days after operation were significantly higher than that at preoperation (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between at 7 days and at preoperation (P > 0.05). @entity1851 , @entity650 , and ESR of group B were significantly higher than those of group A at preoperation (P < 0.05); @entity1851 and @entity650 of groups A and B were significantly higher than those of group C at preoperation and at 1 day after operation (P < 0.05); ESR of groups A and B was significantly higher than that of group C at preoperation, and at 1 day and 3 days after operation (P < 0.05); and no significant difference was shown among 3 groups at the other time points (P > 0.05). No inflammatory activity or increased complication was observed. CONCLUSION: @entity1691 and non-inflammatory diseases show similar change trend of inflammatory markers at pre- and post-operation. The inflammatory activity of @entity1691 has no significant effect on the changes of @entity32 markers and does not increase the incidence of @entity260 .

title: [COMPARISON OF PERIOPERATIVE INFLAMMATORY MARKERS BETWEEN XXXX WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS AND NON-INFLAMMATORY DISEASES UNDERGOING TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['THA', 'total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: @entity551 after positioning is sometimes seen especially in @entity1 with cervical spinal lesion operated on under prone position. @entity1 with spinal lesion and those with @entity75 are compared in the frequency of @entity551 after positioning to prone. Sixty-one cases operated on with prone position were studied. Ages ranged from 40 to 82 (mean 61) years and ASA grade was 1 or 2 in each case. Cervical laminoplasty (group C) or craniotomy (group B) are performed in 40 and 21 @entity1 , respectively. @entity6358 was administrated when the systolic blood pressure decreased under 80 mmHg and the frequency of @entity6358 use was compared. There were no differences in age and sex distribution between group C and B. The induction doses of @entity1875 and @entity3575 in group B were larger than those of group C, but ephedrine use in group C was more frequent than in group B. In T2-weighted image of the cervical cord, high signal intensity areas were depicted in cases with @entity551 . The sympathetic flow descends in the medial part in the lateral funiculus. Damage of this pathway would cause @entity5433 in @entity1 with cervical spinal lesion and strict monitoring is necessary during positioning to prone.

title: [ XXXX after turning to the prone position].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6358 :: ('MESH:D004809', 'Chemical') :: ['Ephedrine', 'ephedrine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesion']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['Hypotension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity461 is the leading parasitic aetiology of @entity1 enteric infections in the United States, with an estimated 1  2 million cases occurring annually. To better understand transmission, we analysed data on all @entity7014 outbreaks reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for 1971-2011. The 242 outbreaks, affecting ~41 000 @entity1 , resulted from waterborne (74  8%), foodborne (15  7%), @entity1 -to- @entity1 (2  5%), and animal contact (1  2%) transmission. Most (74  6%) waterborne outbreaks were associated with drinking water, followed by recreational water (18  2%). Problems with water treatment, untreated groundwater, and distribution systems were identified most often during drinking water-associated outbreak investigations; problems with water treatment declined after the 1980s. Most recreational water-associated outbreaks were linked to treated swimming venues, with pools and wading pools implicated most often. Produce was implicated most often in foodborne outbreaks. Additionally, foods were most commonly prepared in a restaurant and contaminated by a food handler. Lessons learned from examining patterns in outbreaks over time can help prevent future disease. Groundwater and distribution system vulnerabilities, inadequate pool disinfection, fruit and vegetable contamination, and poor food handler hygiene are promising targets for @entity7014 prevention measures.

title: XXXX outbreaks in the United States, 1971-2011.

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Species') :: ['Giardia intestinalis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity7014 :: ('MESH:D005873', 'Disease') :: ['giardiasis']

answer: @entity7014 :: (MESH:D005873,Disease) :: ['Giardiasis']


abstract: AIMS: Prion diseases exist in classical and atypical disease forms. Both forms are characterised by disease-associated accumulation of a host membrane sialoglycoprotein known as @entity27465 (PrP(d) ). In classical forms of @entity1579 , PrP(d) can accumulate in the extracellular space as fibrillar amyloid, intracellularly within lysosomes, but mainly on membranes in association with unique and characteristic membrane pathology. These membrane changes are found in all species and strains of classical @entity1579 and consist of spiral, branched and clathrin coated membrane invaginations on dendrites. Atypical @entity1579 have been described in ruminants and @entity1 and have distinct biological, biochemical and pathological properties when compared to classical disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the sub-cellular pattern of PrP(d) accumulation and membrane changes in @entity11506 were the same as those found in classical @entity1579 METHODS: Immunogold electron microscopy was used to examine brains of @entity11506 affected @entity742 and Tg338 @entity19 RESULTS: Classical prion disease-associated membrane lesions were not found in @entity11506 affected @entity742 , however, white matter PrP(d) accumulation was localised mainly to the inner mesaxon and paranodal cytoplasm of oligodendroglia. Similar lesions were found in myelinated axons of @entity11506 Tg338-infected @entity19 . However, Tg338 @entity19 also showed the unique grey matter membrane changes seen in classical forms of disease CONCLUSIONS: These data show that atypical @entity281 directs a change in trafficking of abnormal PrP to axons and oligodendroglia and that the resulting pathology is an interaction between the agent strain and host genotype. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Altered trafficking of abnormal @entity27465 in @entity11506 : XXXX accumulation in oligodendroglial inner mesaxons.

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['prion diseases']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['scrapie infection']

entities_list: @entity11506 :: ('MESH:D012608', 'Disease') :: ['atypical scrapie']

answer: @entity27465 :: (19122(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Prion protein']


abstract: AIMS: Prion diseases exist in classical and atypical disease forms. Both forms are characterised by disease-associated accumulation of a host membrane sialoglycoprotein known as @entity27465 (PrP(d) ). In classical forms of @entity1579 , PrP(d) can accumulate in the extracellular space as fibrillar amyloid, intracellularly within lysosomes, but mainly on membranes in association with unique and characteristic membrane pathology. These membrane changes are found in all species and strains of classical @entity1579 and consist of spiral, branched and clathrin coated membrane invaginations on dendrites. Atypical @entity1579 have been described in ruminants and @entity1 and have distinct biological, biochemical and pathological properties when compared to classical disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the sub-cellular pattern of PrP(d) accumulation and membrane changes in @entity11506 were the same as those found in classical @entity1579 METHODS: Immunogold electron microscopy was used to examine brains of @entity11506 affected @entity742 and Tg338 @entity19 RESULTS: Classical prion disease-associated membrane lesions were not found in @entity11506 affected @entity742 , however, white matter PrP(d) accumulation was localised mainly to the inner mesaxon and paranodal cytoplasm of oligodendroglia. Similar lesions were found in myelinated axons of @entity11506 Tg338-infected @entity19 . However, Tg338 @entity19 also showed the unique grey matter membrane changes seen in classical forms of disease CONCLUSIONS: These data show that atypical @entity281 directs a change in trafficking of abnormal PrP to axons and oligodendroglia and that the resulting pathology is an interaction between the agent strain and host genotype. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Altered trafficking of abnormal XXXX in @entity11506 : @entity27465 accumulation in oligodendroglial inner mesaxons.

answer: @entity27465 :: (19122(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['prion protein']


abstract: AIMS: Prion diseases exist in classical and atypical disease forms. Both forms are characterised by disease-associated accumulation of a host membrane sialoglycoprotein known as @entity27465 (PrP(d) ). In classical forms of @entity1579 , PrP(d) can accumulate in the extracellular space as fibrillar amyloid, intracellularly within lysosomes, but mainly on membranes in association with unique and characteristic membrane pathology. These membrane changes are found in all species and strains of classical @entity1579 and consist of spiral, branched and clathrin coated membrane invaginations on dendrites. Atypical @entity1579 have been described in ruminants and @entity1 and have distinct biological, biochemical and pathological properties when compared to classical disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the sub-cellular pattern of PrP(d) accumulation and membrane changes in @entity11506 were the same as those found in classical @entity1579 METHODS: Immunogold electron microscopy was used to examine brains of @entity11506 affected @entity742 and Tg338 @entity19 RESULTS: Classical prion disease-associated membrane lesions were not found in @entity11506 affected @entity742 , however, white matter PrP(d) accumulation was localised mainly to the inner mesaxon and paranodal cytoplasm of oligodendroglia. Similar lesions were found in myelinated axons of @entity11506 Tg338-infected @entity19 . However, Tg338 @entity19 also showed the unique grey matter membrane changes seen in classical forms of disease CONCLUSIONS: These data show that atypical @entity281 directs a change in trafficking of abnormal PrP to axons and oligodendroglia and that the resulting pathology is an interaction between the agent strain and host genotype. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Altered trafficking of abnormal @entity27465 in XXXX : @entity27465 accumulation in oligodendroglial inner mesaxons.

answer: @entity11506 :: (MESH:D012608,Disease) :: ['atypical scrapie']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Developing strong ties between oneself and others lays the foundation for developing social competence. Neuroimaging studies have consistently identified specific cortical midline regions activated during evaluative judgments about the self and others. Individuals with @entity72 ( @entity72 ) process self-relevant information differently from their peers, both behaviorally and at the neural level. We compared resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of regions involved in self-referential (e.g. medial prefrontal cortex; mPFC) and other-referential (e.g. posterior cingulate cortex; @entity72604 ) processing between neurotypical individuals and individuals with @entity72 in three age cohorts using regions of interest (ROIs) identified through an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Typically developing @entity1 demonstrated greater connectivity within the midline self- and other-referential networks compared with age-matched @entity1 with @entity72 . No group differences in rsFC of mPFC or @entity72604 emerged between typically developing adolescents and adolescents with @entity72 . Neurotypical adults exhibited stronger rsFC of the @entity72604 with orbitofrontal cortex compared with adults with @entity72 . Developmental differences in functional connectivity between areas underlying self- and other-referential thought may explain altered developmental trajectories in the understanding of self and others in individuals with @entity72 .

title: Functional connectivity of brain regions for self- and other-evaluation in XXXX , adolescents and adults with autism.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['autism spectrum disorder', 'ASD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: @entity5343 due to @entity706 usually manifests as bilateral adrenal enlargement. We report a @entity1 with @entity195 in whom the initial overt primary @entity1887 was accompanied by an only slightly enlarged right adrenal gland. The 80-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity390 , @entity448 , @entity353 , and @entity14705 . @entity5343 was diagnosed based on this clinical presentation and laboratory findings of low @entity701 and high adrenocorticotropin levels. Computerized tomography (CT) of the adrenal glands revealed a small right @entity5 . His family refused to allow percutaneous or surgical biopsy to determine the nature of the @entity5 . His general condition improved after @entity134 supplementation. However, about 1 year later, dizziness, @entity221 , night sweats, and @entity4 of the lower legs developed, and adrenal CT scanning revealed that the left adrenal gland had enlarged and now exceeded the size of the right one. Left adrenalectomy was performed and pathology showed a diffuse large @entity1892 . Staging work-up using whole-body CT scanning suggested a stage @entity706 . Chemotherapy was given, but the disease still progressed and the @entity1 died 4 months after diagnosis. Primary @entity706 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of @entity5343 , even if only slight enlargement of the adrenal glands is found initially.

title: XXXX and @entity5343 : report of a case.

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['IIIb lymphoma', 'adrenal lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity14705 :: ('MESH:D007967', 'Disease') :: ['hyperpigmentation of the skin and buccal mucosa']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'adrenal tumor']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity5343 :: ('MESH:D000224', 'Disease') :: ["Addison's disease"]

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Addsion's disease"]

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['Adrenal lymphoma']


abstract: @entity5343 due to @entity706 usually manifests as bilateral adrenal enlargement. We report a @entity1 with @entity195 in whom the initial overt primary @entity1887 was accompanied by an only slightly enlarged right adrenal gland. The 80-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity390 , @entity448 , @entity353 , and @entity14705 . @entity5343 was diagnosed based on this clinical presentation and laboratory findings of low @entity701 and high adrenocorticotropin levels. Computerized tomography (CT) of the adrenal glands revealed a small right @entity5 . His family refused to allow percutaneous or surgical biopsy to determine the nature of the @entity5 . His general condition improved after @entity134 supplementation. However, about 1 year later, dizziness, @entity221 , night sweats, and @entity4 of the lower legs developed, and adrenal CT scanning revealed that the left adrenal gland had enlarged and now exceeded the size of the right one. Left adrenalectomy was performed and pathology showed a diffuse large @entity1892 . Staging work-up using whole-body CT scanning suggested a stage @entity706 . Chemotherapy was given, but the disease still progressed and the @entity1 died 4 months after diagnosis. Primary @entity706 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of @entity5343 , even if only slight enlargement of the adrenal glands is found initially.

title: @entity706 and XXXX : report of a case.

answer: @entity5343 :: (MESH:D000224,Disease) :: ['Addison's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bleeding splanchnic artery @entity439 is a rare but frequently fatal complication that can be successfully managed by angiographic embolization. However, certain @entity1 because of hemodynamic instability, non-availability of technique or angiographic failure may require primary surgical intervention. METHOD: Retrospective review of 13 @entity1 presenting with exsanguinating @entity548 from @entity1756 arising from branches of @entity2270 , managed surgically in absence of angiographic embolization. RESULTS: Splenic artery was most commonly involved (n = 7) followed by hepatic (n = 3), gastroduodenal (n = 2) and left gastric artery (n = 1). The most common underlying aetiology was @entity788 (n = 8, acute = 2; chronic = 6) followed by iatrogenic (n = 3), @entity5572 (n = 1) and gastric @entity1066 (n = 1). Seven @entity1 presented with @entity360 , while 2 each with lower @entity360 , haemobilia and @entity548 through tube drains. CT-scan accurately demonstrated the @entity439 in 11 (84.6%) @entity1 and additionally demonstrated the underlying pathology. The surgical management chiefly consisted of ligation of offending vessel and additional procedures directed at primary pathology. Overall, 77% @entity1 had a favourable outcome while 23% died consequent to ongoing @entity548 . CONCLUSION: Pseudo- @entity439 involving the branches of @entity2270 most commonly arises as a result of @entity788 and affects splenic artery. CT-scan accurately demonstrates @entity439 and associated pathology in majority of cases. Primary surgical management in the presence of hemodynamic instability and non-availability of angiographic embolization is a viable alternative.

title: Experience of surgical management of XXXX in a North Indian Hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5572 :: ('MESH:D008100', 'Disease') :: ['liver abscess']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['pseudo-aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac axis']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['GI bleed', 'upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleed']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured pseudo-aneurysm']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['pseudo-aneurysms of branches of the coeliac axis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9556 is an @entity221 which has been reported from various parts of India with Rajasthan recently joining the list of affected states. AIM: To report a series of paediatric scrub typhus cases from rural Rajasthan. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of @entity1 with scrub typhus admitted to the wards and paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary-care hospital. METHODS: The study was undertaken over an 8-month period from May to December 2013. All @entity1 with a clinical presentation and/or serological confirmation of scrub typhus who tested negative for @entity311 , @entity779 , @entity2926 and @entity293 ( @entity293 ) were included. A range of investigations were undertaken including IgM-ELISA for scrub typhus, followed by appropriate medical management. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 satisfied the inclusion criteria. The mean (SD, range) age of the @entity1 was 8  56 (3  43, 3-16) years. The most common clinical features were @entity221 (n   =   30, 100%), @entity10 (n   =   20, 66%), @entity925 (n   =   15, 50%), @entity828 (n   =   18, 60%) and pallor (n   =   5, 16%). Typical features such as @entity1910 were observed in only one (3  3%) and three (10%) @entity1 , respectively; none had generalised @entity3329 or conjunctival congestion. IgM-ELISA for scrub typhus was positive in 28 @entity1 (93  3%) and 27 responded to @entity3403 within 24-72hours. One of the three @entity1 who required PICU support responded to intravenous @entity2755 and, of the other two (6  6%), one died of acute @entity649 and the other owing to @entity810 . CONCLUSION: A high index of suspicion is essential for early diagnosis and prevention of complications in scrub typhus together with prompt referral from rural areas to a higher centre. Awareness of the disease manifestations may further help to prevent excessive investigations in @entity1 presenting with non-specific @entity221 and reduce the economic burden to the family and society in resource-constrained settings.

title: XXXX in rural Rajasthan and a review of other Indian studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity9556 :: ('MESH:D012612', 'Disease') :: ['Scrub typhus']

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['leptospirosis']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['eschar and rash']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity828 :: ('MESH:C535727', 'Disease') :: ['hepatosplenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['enteric fever, dengue']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness', 'fever', 'acute febrile illness']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'UTI']

answer: @entity9556 :: (MESH:D012612,Disease) :: ['Scrub typhus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several studies have established the efficacy of psychosocial interventions as adjuncts to pharmacotherapy in the symptom maintenance of @entity162 . This study concerned a new psychosocial approach - integrated family and individual therapy (IFIT) - that synthesizes family psychoeducational sessions with individual sessions of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy. METHOD: Shortly after an @entity697 , 30 @entity162 @entity1 (DSM-IV criteria) were assigned to open treatment with IFIT (up to 50 weekly sessions of family and individual therapy) and mood-stabilizing medications in the context of a treatment development study. Their outcomes over 1 year were compared with the outcomes of 70 @entity1 from a previous trial who received standard community care, consisting of 2 family educational sessions, mood-stabilizing medications, and @entity3935 ( @entity3935 ). @entity1 in both samples were evaluated as to symptomatic functioning at entry into the project and then every 3 months for 1 year. RESULTS: @entity1 in IFIT had longer survival intervals (time without relapsing) than @entity1 in @entity3935 . They also showed greater reductions in @entity308 over 1 year of treatment relative to their baseline levels. The results could not be explained by group differences in baseline symptoms or pharmacologic treatment regimens. CONCLUSION: Combining family and individual therapy with medication may protect episodic @entity162 @entity1 from early relapse and @entity308 . Further examination of this integrative model within randomized controlled trials is warranted.

title: Integrated family and individual therapy for XXXX : results of a treatment development study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'bipolar']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute illness episode']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'ongoing depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity3935 :: ('MESH:D013958', 'Disease') :: ['crisis management', 'CM']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Enhanced eosinophil responses have critical roles in the development of @entity56 . @entity59 regulates the maturation, migration and survival of eosinophils, and @entity59 and eotaxins mediate the trafficking and activation of eosinophils in inflamed tissues. @entity1961 (+) Th2 cells are the main producers of @entity59 and other cells such as NK also release this cytokine. Although multiple signalling pathways may be involved, @entity9094 critically regulates the differentiation and cytokine production of Th2 cells and the expression of eotaxins. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that mediate different parts of the eosinophilic inflammatory process in different tissues in allergic @entity1030 remain unclear. Furthermore, the mechanisms at play may vary depending on the context of @entity32 and microenvironment of the involved tissues. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We employed a model of @entity56 in wild type and @entity9094 -deficient @entity19 to explore the roles of @entity9094 and @entity59 in the development of @entity32 in this context. Quantitative PCR and ELISA were used to examine @entity59 , eotaxins levels in serum and lungs. Eosinophils in lung, peripheral blood and bone marrow were characterized by morphological properties. @entity1961 (+) T cell and NK cells were identified by flow cytometry. Antibodies were used to deplete @entity1961 (+) and NK cells. We showed that @entity9094 is indispensible for @entity55 and the induction of @entity34493 during allergic airway @entity32 . In the absence of these chemokines eosinophils are not attracted into lung and accumulate in peripheral blood. We also demonstrate the existence of an alternate @entity9094 -independent pathway of @entity59 production by @entity1961 (+) and NK cells that mediates the development of eosinophils in bone marrow and their subsequent movement into the circulation. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that different points of eosinophilic inflammatory processes in @entity56 may be differentially regulated by the activation of @entity9094 -dependent and -independent pathways.

title: An alternate XXXX -independent pathway promotes eosinophil influx into blood during allergic airway @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'eosinophilic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'allergic airway disease']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['airway diseases']

answer: @entity9094 :: (20852(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['STAT6']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Enhanced eosinophil responses have critical roles in the development of @entity56 . @entity59 regulates the maturation, migration and survival of eosinophils, and @entity59 and eotaxins mediate the trafficking and activation of eosinophils in inflamed tissues. @entity1961 (+) Th2 cells are the main producers of @entity59 and other cells such as NK also release this cytokine. Although multiple signalling pathways may be involved, @entity9094 critically regulates the differentiation and cytokine production of Th2 cells and the expression of eotaxins. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that mediate different parts of the eosinophilic inflammatory process in different tissues in allergic @entity1030 remain unclear. Furthermore, the mechanisms at play may vary depending on the context of @entity32 and microenvironment of the involved tissues. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We employed a model of @entity56 in wild type and @entity9094 -deficient @entity19 to explore the roles of @entity9094 and @entity59 in the development of @entity32 in this context. Quantitative PCR and ELISA were used to examine @entity59 , eotaxins levels in serum and lungs. Eosinophils in lung, peripheral blood and bone marrow were characterized by morphological properties. @entity1961 (+) T cell and NK cells were identified by flow cytometry. Antibodies were used to deplete @entity1961 (+) and NK cells. We showed that @entity9094 is indispensible for @entity55 and the induction of @entity34493 during allergic airway @entity32 . In the absence of these chemokines eosinophils are not attracted into lung and accumulate in peripheral blood. We also demonstrate the existence of an alternate @entity9094 -independent pathway of @entity59 production by @entity1961 (+) and NK cells that mediates the development of eosinophils in bone marrow and their subsequent movement into the circulation. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that different points of eosinophilic inflammatory processes in @entity56 may be differentially regulated by the activation of @entity9094 -dependent and -independent pathways.

title: An alternate @entity9094 -independent pathway promotes eosinophil influx into blood during allergic airway XXXX .

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: The @entity12295 is combined with a progressive external @entity4610 ( @entity970 ), retinal @entity528 and @entity616 . In some @entity1 , progression of incomplete forms has been described and potentially fatal conduction disturbances may occur. The disease is considered as a systemic @entity2383 . As part of an ongoing prospective study 6 @entity1 (3 female, 3 male; age 32 +/- 9 years) with @entity970 and typical ultrastructural changes of a @entity3055 in their skeletal muscle were examined. The ECG disclosed atrio/intraventricular conduction defects in 5 @entity1 : 1 @entity1 had a @entity713 which was treated by a pacemaker. Another @entity1 had @entity714 with complete @entity714 . In 3 other @entity1 an incomplete @entity714 was registered. In 1 @entity1 , His-bundle electrography disclosed a block distal to His by atrial high rate pacing before and after i.v. injection of @entity8655 ; prophylactically a pacemaker was implanted. The mean HV-interval increased significantly under @entity8655 by 44% in @entity1 with sinus rhythm. Hemodynamic studies were normal in 5 @entity1 at rest; only 1 @entity1 was abnormal during exercise. Myocardial biopsy demonstrated @entity2383 such as variability in shape and size. In 4 @entity1 concentric cristae mitochondriales were seen. Our results suggest that @entity713 are common in @entity1 with @entity970 . By means of endomyocardial catheterbiopsy a @entity296 could be detected.

title: [Heart involvement in progressive external @entity4610 ( XXXX ): electrophysiologic, hemodynamic and morphologic findings].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity8655 :: ('MESH:D000404', 'Chemical') :: ['ajmaline']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['right bundle branch block', 'left anterior fascicular block']

entities_list: @entity3055 :: ('MESH:D017240', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial myopathy']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular conduction defects', 'third degree AV block']

entities_list: @entity12295 :: ('MESH:D007625', 'Disease') :: ['Kearns-Sayre syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['pigmentary degeneration']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial abnormalities', 'mitochondrial disorder']

answer: @entity12295 :: (MESH:D007625,Disease) :: ['Kearns-Sayre syndrome']


abstract: The @entity12295 is combined with a progressive external @entity4610 ( @entity970 ), retinal @entity528 and @entity616 . In some @entity1 , progression of incomplete forms has been described and potentially fatal conduction disturbances may occur. The disease is considered as a systemic @entity2383 . As part of an ongoing prospective study 6 @entity1 (3 female, 3 male; age 32 +/- 9 years) with @entity970 and typical ultrastructural changes of a @entity3055 in their skeletal muscle were examined. The ECG disclosed atrio/intraventricular conduction defects in 5 @entity1 : 1 @entity1 had a @entity713 which was treated by a pacemaker. Another @entity1 had @entity714 with complete @entity714 . In 3 other @entity1 an incomplete @entity714 was registered. In 1 @entity1 , His-bundle electrography disclosed a block distal to His by atrial high rate pacing before and after i.v. injection of @entity8655 ; prophylactically a pacemaker was implanted. The mean HV-interval increased significantly under @entity8655 by 44% in @entity1 with sinus rhythm. Hemodynamic studies were normal in 5 @entity1 at rest; only 1 @entity1 was abnormal during exercise. Myocardial biopsy demonstrated @entity2383 such as variability in shape and size. In 4 @entity1 concentric cristae mitochondriales were seen. Our results suggest that @entity713 are common in @entity1 with @entity970 . By means of endomyocardial catheterbiopsy a @entity296 could be detected.

title: [Heart involvement in progressive external XXXX ( @entity12295 ): electrophysiologic, hemodynamic and morphologic findings].

answer: @entity4610 :: (MESH:D009886,Disease) :: ['ophthalmoplegia']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity302 with @entity1654 (BECTS) is considered to be the most common @entity302 . We studied the relationship between the type of @entity410 and response to medication in a Greek population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 60 neurodevelopmentally normal @entity1 diagnosed with BECTS. @entity1 were subdivided into three groups, based on type of @entity410 : Group A comprised 32 @entity1 with generalized @entity410 , Group B 19 @entity1 with focal @entity410 and Group C 9 @entity1 with focal @entity410 with secondary generalization. All @entity1 in the present study were started on an antiepileptic medication after the third @entity410 ( @entity1092 , @entity2049 , and @entity2051 ), and we studied the response to medication. RESULTS: 10 from 13 (76.92%) of @entity1 in Group A, 13 from 15 (86.66%) @entity1 in Group B, and all 6 @entity1 (100%) in Group C started @entity2049 or @entity2051 had a favorable respond. Similarly, 16 from 19 (84.2%) of @entity1 in Group A, 3 from 4 @entity1 (75%) in Group B, and 1 from 3 @entity1 (33.3%) in Group C, started @entity1092 responded well to medication. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity1 responded well to the first antiepileptic treatment and had a favorable outcome, regardless of type of @entity410 . 88.3% of @entity1 became @entity410 free by 1 or 2 years after @entity410 onset. These findings are indicative that the type of @entity410 has no major effect neither in response to antiepileptic treatment or in the final outcome. Further research in a larger number of @entity1 is needed.

title: @entity302 with @entity1654 : Relationship between type of XXXX and response to medication in a Greek population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity2051 :: ('MESH:C036006', 'Chemical') :: ['oxcarbazepine']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium valproate']

entities_list: @entity1654 :: ('MESH:D019305', 'Disease') :: ['centrotemporal spikes']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['childhood epileptic syndrome', 'Benign epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity302 with @entity1654 (BECTS) is considered to be the most common @entity302 . We studied the relationship between the type of @entity410 and response to medication in a Greek population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 60 neurodevelopmentally normal @entity1 diagnosed with BECTS. @entity1 were subdivided into three groups, based on type of @entity410 : Group A comprised 32 @entity1 with generalized @entity410 , Group B 19 @entity1 with focal @entity410 and Group C 9 @entity1 with focal @entity410 with secondary generalization. All @entity1 in the present study were started on an antiepileptic medication after the third @entity410 ( @entity1092 , @entity2049 , and @entity2051 ), and we studied the response to medication. RESULTS: 10 from 13 (76.92%) of @entity1 in Group A, 13 from 15 (86.66%) @entity1 in Group B, and all 6 @entity1 (100%) in Group C started @entity2049 or @entity2051 had a favorable respond. Similarly, 16 from 19 (84.2%) of @entity1 in Group A, 3 from 4 @entity1 (75%) in Group B, and 1 from 3 @entity1 (33.3%) in Group C, started @entity1092 responded well to medication. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity1 responded well to the first antiepileptic treatment and had a favorable outcome, regardless of type of @entity410 . 88.3% of @entity1 became @entity410 free by 1 or 2 years after @entity410 onset. These findings are indicative that the type of @entity410 has no major effect neither in response to antiepileptic treatment or in the final outcome. Further research in a larger number of @entity1 is needed.

title: @entity302 with XXXX : Relationship between type of @entity410 and response to medication in a Greek population.

answer: @entity1654 :: (MESH:D019305,Disease) :: ['centrotemporal spikes']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity302 with @entity1654 (BECTS) is considered to be the most common @entity302 . We studied the relationship between the type of @entity410 and response to medication in a Greek population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 60 neurodevelopmentally normal @entity1 diagnosed with BECTS. @entity1 were subdivided into three groups, based on type of @entity410 : Group A comprised 32 @entity1 with generalized @entity410 , Group B 19 @entity1 with focal @entity410 and Group C 9 @entity1 with focal @entity410 with secondary generalization. All @entity1 in the present study were started on an antiepileptic medication after the third @entity410 ( @entity1092 , @entity2049 , and @entity2051 ), and we studied the response to medication. RESULTS: 10 from 13 (76.92%) of @entity1 in Group A, 13 from 15 (86.66%) @entity1 in Group B, and all 6 @entity1 (100%) in Group C started @entity2049 or @entity2051 had a favorable respond. Similarly, 16 from 19 (84.2%) of @entity1 in Group A, 3 from 4 @entity1 (75%) in Group B, and 1 from 3 @entity1 (33.3%) in Group C, started @entity1092 responded well to medication. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity1 responded well to the first antiepileptic treatment and had a favorable outcome, regardless of type of @entity410 . 88.3% of @entity1 became @entity410 free by 1 or 2 years after @entity410 onset. These findings are indicative that the type of @entity410 has no major effect neither in response to antiepileptic treatment or in the final outcome. Further research in a larger number of @entity1 is needed.

title: XXXX with @entity1654 : Relationship between type of @entity410 and response to medication in a Greek population.

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Benign epilepsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1487 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment for @entity5 . In order to improve the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ), we added @entity901 to the standard treatment, and compared the effectiveness of these two treatment patterns. METHODS: A total of 206 @entity1 enrolled in the prospective study had histologically confirmed @entity5 of clinical stage II/III during July 2007 to July 2010. They were randomized into the experimental group received @entity901 and @entity416 in combination with radiotherapy, and the control group received @entity416 in combination with radiotherapy. All @entity1 received surgery in 6-10 weeks after chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6. The primary endpoints were @entity66 and @entity1349 , and the secondary endpoints included @entity137 , compliance, and histopathological response. RESULTS: The 3-year @entity1349 in the experimental group and the control group was 90.29% vs. 86.41% (P>0.05), and the 3-year @entity66 was 80.58% vs. 69.90% (P>0.05). The pathological complete remission (pCR) rates were 23.30% and 19.42%, respectively (P=0.497). The 3-year local recurrence rates were 4.85% vs. 5.83% (P=0.694), and the 3-year distant @entity3 rates were 16.50% and 28.16%, respectively (P=0.045). There were no significant differences in most grade 3-4 toxicities between two groups, however, grade 3-4 @entity294 occurred in 16.50% (17/103) of the experimental group, compared with 6.80% (7/103) of the control group (P=0.030). Also, the total grade 3-4 acute @entity137 showed a significant difference (10.68% vs. 21.36%, P=0.037). CONCLUSIONS: The experimental treatment did not lead significantly improved @entity1349 and @entity66 , and thus longer follow-up is warranted for our @entity1 cohort. Adding @entity901 to @entity416 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy can significantly reduce @entity3 , but has only minimal impact on local recurrence. Although grade 3-4 @entity137 rate increased (primarily gastrointestinal @entity137 ), @entity1 can stand to be followed up with allopathic treatment.

title: @entity1487 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy with or without XXXX for @entity5 : a 3-year follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['disease-free survival', 'DFS']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'stage II/III rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorouracil']

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['oxaliplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1487 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment for @entity5 . In order to improve the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ), we added @entity901 to the standard treatment, and compared the effectiveness of these two treatment patterns. METHODS: A total of 206 @entity1 enrolled in the prospective study had histologically confirmed @entity5 of clinical stage II/III during July 2007 to July 2010. They were randomized into the experimental group received @entity901 and @entity416 in combination with radiotherapy, and the control group received @entity416 in combination with radiotherapy. All @entity1 received surgery in 6-10 weeks after chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6. The primary endpoints were @entity66 and @entity1349 , and the secondary endpoints included @entity137 , compliance, and histopathological response. RESULTS: The 3-year @entity1349 in the experimental group and the control group was 90.29% vs. 86.41% (P>0.05), and the 3-year @entity66 was 80.58% vs. 69.90% (P>0.05). The pathological complete remission (pCR) rates were 23.30% and 19.42%, respectively (P=0.497). The 3-year local recurrence rates were 4.85% vs. 5.83% (P=0.694), and the 3-year distant @entity3 rates were 16.50% and 28.16%, respectively (P=0.045). There were no significant differences in most grade 3-4 toxicities between two groups, however, grade 3-4 @entity294 occurred in 16.50% (17/103) of the experimental group, compared with 6.80% (7/103) of the control group (P=0.030). Also, the total grade 3-4 acute @entity137 showed a significant difference (10.68% vs. 21.36%, P=0.037). CONCLUSIONS: The experimental treatment did not lead significantly improved @entity1349 and @entity66 , and thus longer follow-up is warranted for our @entity1 cohort. Adding @entity901 to @entity416 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy can significantly reduce @entity3 , but has only minimal impact on local recurrence. Although grade 3-4 @entity137 rate increased (primarily gastrointestinal @entity137 ), @entity1 can stand to be followed up with allopathic treatment.

title: XXXX -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy with or without @entity901 for @entity5 : a 3-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['Fluorouracil']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1487 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment for @entity5 . In order to improve the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ), we added @entity901 to the standard treatment, and compared the effectiveness of these two treatment patterns. METHODS: A total of 206 @entity1 enrolled in the prospective study had histologically confirmed @entity5 of clinical stage II/III during July 2007 to July 2010. They were randomized into the experimental group received @entity901 and @entity416 in combination with radiotherapy, and the control group received @entity416 in combination with radiotherapy. All @entity1 received surgery in 6-10 weeks after chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6. The primary endpoints were @entity66 and @entity1349 , and the secondary endpoints included @entity137 , compliance, and histopathological response. RESULTS: The 3-year @entity1349 in the experimental group and the control group was 90.29% vs. 86.41% (P>0.05), and the 3-year @entity66 was 80.58% vs. 69.90% (P>0.05). The pathological complete remission (pCR) rates were 23.30% and 19.42%, respectively (P=0.497). The 3-year local recurrence rates were 4.85% vs. 5.83% (P=0.694), and the 3-year distant @entity3 rates were 16.50% and 28.16%, respectively (P=0.045). There were no significant differences in most grade 3-4 toxicities between two groups, however, grade 3-4 @entity294 occurred in 16.50% (17/103) of the experimental group, compared with 6.80% (7/103) of the control group (P=0.030). Also, the total grade 3-4 acute @entity137 showed a significant difference (10.68% vs. 21.36%, P=0.037). CONCLUSIONS: The experimental treatment did not lead significantly improved @entity1349 and @entity66 , and thus longer follow-up is warranted for our @entity1 cohort. Adding @entity901 to @entity416 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy can significantly reduce @entity3 , but has only minimal impact on local recurrence. Although grade 3-4 @entity137 rate increased (primarily gastrointestinal @entity137 ), @entity1 can stand to be followed up with allopathic treatment.

title: @entity1487 -based preoperative chemoradiotherapy with or without @entity901 for XXXX : a 3-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage II/III rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Surgery is the main treatment for most @entity259 . However, the indications for subtotal or radical thyroidectomy in cases of @entity259 remain controversial. This study examined the indications for subtotal thyroidectomy or radical total thyroidectomy in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: A total of 196 cases of @entity5 diagnosed among 1,545 @entity259 cases between 1960 and 2000 at National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH) were included in this study. Diagnosis of @entity5 was based on the findings of pathologic examination. All surgeries were performed in the Department of Surgery at NTUH. The average period of postoperative follow-up was 11.7 years. Subtotal thyroidectomy was defined as thyroid resection performed on not more than two-thirds of the whole lobe. Radical thyroidectomy was defined as total removal of the thyroid plus cervical lymph node removal if surgical examination revealed @entity5 . Local recurrence was defined as @entity5 reappearance in soft tissue in the neck or cervical lymph node after initial treatment. Distal @entity3 was also surveyed from medical records. @entity1 were classified into three groups according to the size of the surgical specimen as less than 3 cm in diameter, 3 to 5 cm, and more than 5 cm. RESULTS: Between 1960 and 2000, the percentage of @entity5 @entity1 undergoing @entity5 surgery decreased from 22.0 to 7.7%, while papillary @entity5 surgery increased from 65.5 to 87.1%. This change was associated with the addition of @entity1496 to table salt island-wide from 1967. The change in percentage of surgically treated cases was greater between 1991 and 2000. Subtotal thyroidectomy was performed in 56 cases and radical thyroidectomy was performed in 140 cases during the study period. None of the 63 cases with a @entity5 diameter of less than 3 cm undergoing either radical or subtotal thyroidectomy had local recurrence during a mean follow-up of 11.7 years. However, six of those cases (9.5%) had distant @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: For follicular cancers of less than 3 cm in diameter, subtotal thyroidectomy instead of radical thyroidectomy may be considered, but close follow-up is necessary.

title: Operative strategy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'follicular cancer', 'cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancers', 'thyroid cancer', 'follicular thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['follicular thyroid cancer']


abstract: Recent work has tested the hypothesis that @entity842 (NO) might play an important role in the control of heart rate (HR) by stimulating cardiac pacemaking in the sino-atrial node (SAN). In isolated @entity840 SAN cells and atrial preparations, nano-micromolar concentrations of NO donors were shown to elicit a NO-dependent increase of 20-30% in the beating rate. In the @entity1707 heart in situ, topical NO donor application to the SAN increased HR by ca. 10%, indicating that the direct positive chronotropic effect of NO is relevant in vivo. Indeed, a similar significant increase in HR (by 12%) was seen in @entity1 with intravenous NO donor infusion while blood pressure was clamped. Inhibition of NO synthase or depletion of its gene have been associated with a significant reduction in HR by ca. 10% in vitro and in vivo, consistent with a tonic positive chronotropic effect of endogenous NO. The direct stimulatory effect of NO on cardiac pacemaking is mediated by stimulation of the 'pacemaker' current I, in SAN cells via a novel cascade involving @entity6708 , PDE3-PKA signalling and mobilization of intracellular @entity460 . In conclusion, recent studies have demonstrated for the first time that NO exerts a direct positive chronotropic effect through the activation of a novel signal transduction pathway in SAN cells. Evidence in animals and in @entity1 indicates that direct stimulation of cardiac pacemaking by NO is functionally relevant for the control of HR in vivo.

title: XXXX stimulation of cardiac pacemaking in the sino-atrial node through the activation of a novel signalling pathway: overview of in vitro and in vivo evidence for a new basic mechanism in the control of heart rate.

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['Nitric oxide']


abstract: Complex disturbances in hemostasis characterise @entity740 . Defect of primary hemostasis is a common cause of @entity548 complications. The @entity12870 ( @entity12870 ), by itself, influences platelet function (the key part of primary hemostasis) which is compromised after the procedure. Many functional defects of thrombocytes have been described in @entity454 ( @entity454 ) @entity1 ; one of them is adhesion defect where the pivotal role plays the complex of glycoprotein Ib (GP Ib) and IX. The aim of the study was to determine the extent of activation, reactivity of platelets and expression of GP Ib in @entity454 @entity1 . The flow cytometry method was used, and @entity556 was used for stimulation of thrombocytes. Membrane expression of GP Ib and @entity8729 was assessed in 14 hemodialysed @entity1 before and after stimulation with @entity556 , before and after @entity12870 and in 10 healthy @entity1 . The @entity1 group had lower expression of GP Ib on resting platelets and significantly lower expression of @entity8729 after stimulation with @entity556 when compared to the control group. After @entity12870 , thrombocytes had much lower expression of GP Ib; however there was no difference in expression of @entity8729 when compared to the state before @entity12870 . A lower reduction of GP Ib expression after stimulation with @entity556 was observed after and before @entity12870 . On the basis of the results the following conclusions may be drawn: hemo-dialysed @entity454 @entity1 have lower expression of platelet GP Ib and reactivity of thrombocytes; the @entity12870 results in further @entity308 in expression of GP Ib and reactivity of thrombocytes. It is plausible that @entity842 (NO) released during @entity12870 modulates the expression of @entity8729 , but it remains to be confirmed.

title: [Influence of hemodialysis on expression of glycoprotein lb platelets reactivity in @entity1 with the XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity12870 :: ('MESH:D055191', 'Disease') :: ['hemodialysis procedure', 'HD']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['ESRF', 'end stage renal failure']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['end stage renal failure']


abstract: Complex disturbances in hemostasis characterise @entity740 . Defect of primary hemostasis is a common cause of @entity548 complications. The @entity12870 ( @entity12870 ), by itself, influences platelet function (the key part of primary hemostasis) which is compromised after the procedure. Many functional defects of thrombocytes have been described in @entity454 ( @entity454 ) @entity1 ; one of them is adhesion defect where the pivotal role plays the complex of glycoprotein Ib (GP Ib) and IX. The aim of the study was to determine the extent of activation, reactivity of platelets and expression of GP Ib in @entity454 @entity1 . The flow cytometry method was used, and @entity556 was used for stimulation of thrombocytes. Membrane expression of GP Ib and @entity8729 was assessed in 14 hemodialysed @entity1 before and after stimulation with @entity556 , before and after @entity12870 and in 10 healthy @entity1 . The @entity1 group had lower expression of GP Ib on resting platelets and significantly lower expression of @entity8729 after stimulation with @entity556 when compared to the control group. After @entity12870 , thrombocytes had much lower expression of GP Ib; however there was no difference in expression of @entity8729 when compared to the state before @entity12870 . A lower reduction of GP Ib expression after stimulation with @entity556 was observed after and before @entity12870 . On the basis of the results the following conclusions may be drawn: hemo-dialysed @entity454 @entity1 have lower expression of platelet GP Ib and reactivity of thrombocytes; the @entity12870 results in further @entity308 in expression of GP Ib and reactivity of thrombocytes. It is plausible that @entity842 (NO) released during @entity12870 modulates the expression of @entity8729 , but it remains to be confirmed.

title: [Influence of hemodialysis on expression of glycoprotein lb platelets reactivity in XXXX with the @entity454 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity272 is one of the major components of health problems for soldiers either during war or peacetime. Despite increased numbers and scale of military missions, dermatological survey is limited. The aim of this study was to outline the dermatological profile in international peacekeepers in Lebanon and to explore the features of disease pattern. METHODS: The dermatological records of peacekeepers visiting a Chinese Level 2 hospital during a 7-year period were retrospectively assessed. Comparisons with previous reports of @entity272 in military personnel were performed. RESULTS: A total of 1658 @entity1 (91% @entity1 , with a mean age of 32   years) were included. More than half of them were Asian (62%). @entity1909 and @entity484 (27%) was the leading category. @entity14654 (13%), lichen simplex chronicus (9%), unspecified @entity1909 (8%), @entity4891 (7%) and @entity1665 areata (5%) were the top five complaints. @entity1909 and @entity203 appeared to be the most common condition in troops deployed in the Middle East, whereas @entity364 was highly prevalent in tropical regions. Additionally, a remarkably high rate of @entity1665 areata was noted in two studies including ours. CONCLUSIONS: Environment, group living, occupational activities and work-related stress act as initiating and/or aggravating factors in the development and/or spread of some conditions. The knowledge of disease profile empowers doctors to enforce preventive measures and prepare for treatment modalities. In particular, the underlying @entity12286 and @entity1665 areata should be addressed appropriately.

title: XXXX in United Nations peacekeepers in Lebanon.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4891 :: ('MESH:D014860', 'Disease') :: ['verruca vulgaris']

entities_list: @entity14654 :: ('MESH:D014008', 'Disease') :: ['Tinea pedis']

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['eczematous eruptions']

entities_list: @entity12286 :: ('MESH:D009450', 'Disease') :: ['psychological component in lichen simplex chronicus']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['Skin disease', 'skin disease']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['Dermatitis', 'dermatitis']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['Skin disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a botulinum toxin type A injection in both medial rectus muscles in @entity1 with partially accommodative @entity5971 . Residual deviation and stability of strabismus were evaluated at 18 months follow up. METHOD: A prospective, analytical, quasi-experimental study was conducted on a cohort of 21 @entity1 who underwent total cycloplegic refraction and with a residual deviation of at least 14 DP. A botulinum toxin type A dose of 5 IU was injected into each medial rectus muscle for a residual deviation greater than 18 DP, with a dose of 2.5 IU being used for a deviation between 14 and 18 DP. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to relate residual deviation to variables recorded as potential predictors. RESULTS: A total of 21 @entity1 were included, 33.3% (n=7) males and 66.6% (n=14) females. Mean visual acuity was -.28  .25 logMAR for right eye (range 0 to -1) and -.42  .31 logMAR for left eye (range 0 to -1.3). Mean angle of residual deviation before application of botulinum toxin was 40.95  8.6DP without spectacles correction, and 22.3  7.99 DP with full cycloplegic refraction. Adverse effects were @entity1736 in 14.2% (n=3), @entity892 23.8% (n=5), and vertical deviation in 33% (n=7). One @entity1 had a poor outcome, therefore required surgical treatment. At one year follow up, 85.71% of @entity1 showed good results with @entity5971 of 12 DP or less, dropping to 71.43% at 18 months of follow up. CONCLUSION: Botulinum toxin type A is an effective long-term treatment with a good response in 71.43% of @entity1 . No predictors of good response were demonstrated.

title: Botulinum toxin type A as treatment of partially accommodative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity5971 :: ('MESH:D004948', 'Disease') :: ['esotropia']

answer: @entity5971 :: (MESH:D004948,Disease) :: ['esotropia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To validate the targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) platform-Ion Torrent @entity46789 for @entity984 exon 2 and expanded RAS mutations detection in @entity406 -fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) @entity14 ( @entity14 ) specimens, with comparison of Sanger sequencing and ARMS-Scorpion real-time PCR. SETTING: Beijing, China. @entity1 : 51 archived FFPE @entity14 samples (36 @entity1 , 15 @entity1 ) were retrospectively randomly selected and then checked by an experienced pathologist for sequencing based on histological confirmation of @entity14 and availability of sufficient tissue. METHODS: RAS mutations were detected in the 51 FFPE @entity14 samples by @entity46789 analysis, Sanger sequencing and the Therascreen @entity984 assay, respectively. Agreement among the 3 methods was assessed. Assay sensitivity was further determined by sequencing serially diluted DNA from FFPE cell lines with known mutation statuses. RESULTS: 13 of 51 (25.5%) cases had a mutation in @entity984 exon 2, as determined by @entity46789 analysis. @entity46789 analysis showed 100% (51/51) concordance with Sanger sequencing (k=1.000, 95% CI 1 to 1) and 98.04% (50/51) agreement with the Therascreen assay (k=0.947, 95% CI 0.844 to 1) for detecting @entity984 exon 2 mutations, respectively. The only discrepant case harboured a @entity984 exon 2 mutation ( @entity36006 ) that was not covered by the Therascreen kit. The dilution series experiment results showed that @entity46789 was able to detect @entity984 mutations at a frequency of as low as 1%. Importantly, RAS mutations other than @entity984 exon 2 mutations were also detected in 10 samples by @entity46789 . Furthermore, mutations in other @entity14 -related genes could be simultaneously detected in a single test by @entity46789 . CONCLUSIONS: The targeted NGS platform is specific and sensitive for @entity984 exon 2 mutation detection and is appropriate for use in routine clinical testing. Moreover, it is sample saving and cost-efficient and time-efficient, and has great potential for clinical application to expand testing to include mutations in RAS and other @entity14 -related genes.

title: Validation of targeted next-generation sequencing for RAS mutation detection in FFPE XXXX tissues: comparison with Sanger sequencing and ARMS-Scorpion real-time PCR.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']