abstract: @entity23694 ( @entity23694 ) predicts a worse evolution in the first stages of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). The aim of this study was the follow-up of a group of relapsing-remitting @entity15 @entity1 for a longer time to evaluate whether the @entity23694 implies a poor prognosis. Oligoclonal IgM bands were performed in 29 @entity15 @entity1 followed up from 5 to 16 years. Time to conversion to secondary-progressive @entity15 (SPMS), time elapsed to reach a disability of 6 in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), percentage of @entity1 with a benign @entity15 , and changes in EDSS score were evaluated. During the follow-up, 70.8% of @entity1 with @entity23694 converted to SPMS. None of the @entity1 without @entity23694 did. At the end of the study, 63.6% of @entity1 with @entity23694 had reached EDSS 6, whereas none of the @entity1 lacking @entity23694 reached values above EDSS 3. When @entity1 with benign @entity15 were analyzed, 82% lacked @entity23694 . All @entity1 with a nonbenign @entity15 had @entity23694 . At the end of the study, the mean EDSS score was 4.64 in @entity1 with @entity23694 and 1.31 in those without. The presence of oligoclonal IgM bands in cerebrospinal fluid is an unfavorable prognostic marker in @entity15 .

title: XXXX is a prognostic factor in @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity23694 :: ('MESH:D053307', 'Disease') :: ['Intrathecal IgM synthesis', 'ITMS']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity23694 :: (MESH:D053307,Disease) :: ['Intrathecal IgM synthesis']


abstract: @entity23694 ( @entity23694 ) predicts a worse evolution in the first stages of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). The aim of this study was the follow-up of a group of relapsing-remitting @entity15 @entity1 for a longer time to evaluate whether the @entity23694 implies a poor prognosis. Oligoclonal IgM bands were performed in 29 @entity15 @entity1 followed up from 5 to 16 years. Time to conversion to secondary-progressive @entity15 (SPMS), time elapsed to reach a disability of 6 in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), percentage of @entity1 with a benign @entity15 , and changes in EDSS score were evaluated. During the follow-up, 70.8% of @entity1 with @entity23694 converted to SPMS. None of the @entity1 without @entity23694 did. At the end of the study, 63.6% of @entity1 with @entity23694 had reached EDSS 6, whereas none of the @entity1 lacking @entity23694 reached values above EDSS 3. When @entity1 with benign @entity15 were analyzed, 82% lacked @entity23694 . All @entity1 with a nonbenign @entity15 had @entity23694 . At the end of the study, the mean EDSS score was 4.64 in @entity1 with @entity23694 and 1.31 in those without. The presence of oligoclonal IgM bands in cerebrospinal fluid is an unfavorable prognostic marker in @entity15 .

title: @entity23694 is a prognostic factor in XXXX .

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3065 is malpositioning of the eyelids that, when moderate or severe, can negatively affect visual development during its critical period, resulting in @entity4457 : diminished visual acuity with no apparent organic cause. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are essential for preventing @entity4457 . @entity3065 is uncommon but poses a challenge to any ophthalmologist; the only treatment is surgical. Among these @entity1 in Cuba, those with the most complex clinical characteristics are generally referred to the Ram  n Pando Ferrer Ophthalmology Institute in Havana. OBJECTIVE: Characterize visual acuity outcomes obtained in @entity1 seen at this Institute who received surgery for simple @entity3065 using the frontalis sling procedure. METHOD: A descriptive prospective longitudinal study was conducted to describe visual acuity outcomes in 11 @entity1 with a diagnosis of isolated @entity3065 seen in the Oculoplastic Service of the Ram  n Pando Ferrer Ophthalmology Institute between January and July 2009 and operated on using the frontalis sling procedure. The majority exhibited severe @entity227 (0.1-0.5) prior to surgery. Variables employed were age, sex, degree of @entity1736 , degree of @entity1736 correction, visual acuity, and complications during surgery and postoperatively. RESULTS: Male @entity1 aged 1-4 years predominated. Visual acuity improved in 100% of @entity1 , to varying degrees. Prior to surgery, 72% had visual acuity of 0.1-0.5. Six months post-surgery, with visual rehabilitation, 90.9% exhibited visual acuity of >0.5. In 81.8% of @entity1 , @entity1736 was fully corrected. Complications were minimal: injury to the palpebral tarsus and undercorrection were the most common and did not affect final surgical outcome or interfere with rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: Correction of @entity3065 using the frontalis sling technique yielded satisfactory visual acuity outcomes, contributing to visual rehabilitation of the affected @entity1 .

title: Improved visual acuity after frontalis sling surgery for simple XXXX .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual acuity impairment']

entities_list: @entity3065 :: ('MESH:C566737', 'Disease') :: ['congenital ptosis', 'Congenital ptosis']

entities_list: @entity1736 :: ('MESH:D001763', 'Disease') :: ['ptosis', 'palpebral ptosis']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['amblyopia']

answer: @entity3065 :: (MESH:C566737,Disease) :: ['congenital ptosis']


abstract: The digitizer program was used to determine the size of the lesions by tracing them onto standardized matrices which were divided into 3000 point and corresponded to CT slices. Moreover, on the basis of the results of accumulated lesions on 127 cases with various types of @entity2026 , the highly involved sites were determined as Broca's area, @entity244 and conduction area, and the sizes of the lesions in each area were also determined. The correlation between these sizes of the lesions and recovery rates based on the 2 SLTA scores (initial and 3 months later) was studied. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The correlation coefficient between the size of total area and the initial SLTA score was -0.46, significant at p less than 0.01. The negative correlation means that the larger the lesion, the more severe the @entity2026 . This tendency was seen in all language aspects except "calculation" (i.e. hearing, speaking, reading, writing). A similar, highly significant negative correlation was obtained between the lesion sizes of Broca's area, @entity244 , conduction area and initial SLTA scores, but among the various types of aphasics, only the Broca aphasics have a highly significant negative correlation between lesion size and initial SLTA score. 2) The negative correlation between the size of total area and the recovery rate was observed. This tendency was seen especially in the expressive disorders, namely "speaking" and "writing". These findings indicate that the larger the lesions, the less overall recovery will occur in @entity51 and in speaking and writing disorders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Recovery in XXXX (Part 2): Size and site of lesion].

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['total language deficit']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Wernicke's area"]

answer: @entity2026 :: (MESH:D001037,Disease) :: ['aphasia']


abstract: Evidence suggests that @entity32 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of @entity731 . The chronic inflammatory process can develop to an acute clinical event by the induction of @entity397 and therefore cause @entity1187 . The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of the circulating acute-phase reactant @entity1851 (CRP), which is a sensitive indicator of @entity32 , in @entity1 with chronic stable @entity453 ( @entity453 ) and @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). We studied 56 subjects: 1) 25 consecutive @entity1 (18 @entity1 , 7 @entity1 ; mean age, 68.5 +/- 14.3 years, range, 40-86) with @entity1459 ( @entity1459 ) or @entity583 ( @entity583 ); 2) 31 consecutive @entity1 (25 @entity1 , 6 @entity1 ; mean age 64 +/- 12.7; range, 47-83, years) with signs and symptoms of clinically stable @entity453 . High-sensitivity- @entity1851 (hs-CRP) levels were determined with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay method. In @entity1 with @entity1459 and @entity583 before reperfusion therapy, CRP levels were not significantly different to those in @entity1 with stable @entity453 (5.96 +/- 2.26 versus 4.35 +/- 2.6 mg/L; P = 0.12), but tended to be higher in @entity1 with @entity1459 and @entity583 . Baseline CRP levels in the subgroup of @entity1 with @entity583 (6.49 +/- 2.28 mg/L) were significantly higher than levels in @entity1 with stable @entity453 (4.35 +/- 2.6 mg/L; P = 0.02). CRP levels in @entity1 with @entity1459 and @entity583 were measured four times during a 72-hour period (0, 12, 24, and 72 hours). The lowest value was observed at baseline and differed significantly from values measured at any other time of the observation period (P < 0.001; 5.96 +/- 2.26; 9.5 +/- 9.04, 18.25 +/- 11.02; 20.25 +/- 10.61). CRP levels after 12, 24, and 72 hours were also significantly different to the initial values for @entity1 with stable @entity453 (P < 0.01). There was no correlation between CRP and @entity908 kinase (CK), CK-MB isoenzyme, or troponin I positivity as markers for the extent of the @entity296 during the observation period. Baseline levels of serum CRP tended to be higher in @entity1 with @entity1459 or @entity583 but were not significantly different from levels in @entity1 with chronic stable @entity453 . In the subgroup of @entity1 with @entity583 , baseline CRP levels were significantly higher than the levels in @entity1 with stable @entity453 . CRP as a marker of @entity32 is significantly increased in @entity1 with @entity583 and @entity1459 shortly after the onset of symptoms (after a period of 12 hours), supporting the hypothesis of an activation of inflammatory mechanisms in @entity1 with an @entity1187 or @entity583 .

title: XXXX and @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['UA', 'unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['plaque rupture']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['C-reactive protein']


abstract: Evidence suggests that @entity32 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of @entity731 . The chronic inflammatory process can develop to an acute clinical event by the induction of @entity397 and therefore cause @entity1187 . The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of the circulating acute-phase reactant @entity1851 (CRP), which is a sensitive indicator of @entity32 , in @entity1 with chronic stable @entity453 ( @entity453 ) and @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). We studied 56 subjects: 1) 25 consecutive @entity1 (18 @entity1 , 7 @entity1 ; mean age, 68.5 +/- 14.3 years, range, 40-86) with @entity1459 ( @entity1459 ) or @entity583 ( @entity583 ); 2) 31 consecutive @entity1 (25 @entity1 , 6 @entity1 ; mean age 64 +/- 12.7; range, 47-83, years) with signs and symptoms of clinically stable @entity453 . High-sensitivity- @entity1851 (hs-CRP) levels were determined with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay method. In @entity1 with @entity1459 and @entity583 before reperfusion therapy, CRP levels were not significantly different to those in @entity1 with stable @entity453 (5.96 +/- 2.26 versus 4.35 +/- 2.6 mg/L; P = 0.12), but tended to be higher in @entity1 with @entity1459 and @entity583 . Baseline CRP levels in the subgroup of @entity1 with @entity583 (6.49 +/- 2.28 mg/L) were significantly higher than levels in @entity1 with stable @entity453 (4.35 +/- 2.6 mg/L; P = 0.02). CRP levels in @entity1 with @entity1459 and @entity583 were measured four times during a 72-hour period (0, 12, 24, and 72 hours). The lowest value was observed at baseline and differed significantly from values measured at any other time of the observation period (P < 0.001; 5.96 +/- 2.26; 9.5 +/- 9.04, 18.25 +/- 11.02; 20.25 +/- 10.61). CRP levels after 12, 24, and 72 hours were also significantly different to the initial values for @entity1 with stable @entity453 (P < 0.01). There was no correlation between CRP and @entity908 kinase (CK), CK-MB isoenzyme, or troponin I positivity as markers for the extent of the @entity296 during the observation period. Baseline levels of serum CRP tended to be higher in @entity1 with @entity1459 or @entity583 but were not significantly different from levels in @entity1 with chronic stable @entity453 . In the subgroup of @entity1 with @entity583 , baseline CRP levels were significantly higher than the levels in @entity1 with stable @entity453 . CRP as a marker of @entity32 is significantly increased in @entity1 with @entity583 and @entity1459 shortly after the onset of symptoms (after a period of 12 hours), supporting the hypothesis of an activation of inflammatory mechanisms in @entity1 with an @entity1187 or @entity583 .

title: @entity1851 and XXXX .

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: @entity1457 proteins (Hsp) are known to protect cells from several stressors. Nucleotide changes in the flanking regions [5'- and 3'-untranslated region (UTR)] of Hsp gene might affect inducibility, degree of expression, or stability of Hsp70 mRNA. The present study aimed to investigate the association between inducible @entity72361 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ) response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in dairy @entity291 . Four hundred forty-six Italian Holstein @entity291 were genotyped for four @entity72361 SNPs: g895 C/- and g @entity72362 in 5'-UTR, and g @entity72363 and @entity72364 in 3'-UTR. Genetic polymorphisms in 3'-UTR of @entity291 @entity72361 gene resulted monomorphic. Distribution of alleles of the @entity377 sequence polymorphism within the 5'-UTR of the @entity291 @entity72361 gene were 81.2% and 18.8% for C and -, respectively, and 77.8% and 22.2% for G and T, respectively. Among the 446 genotyped animals, a group of @entity291 balanced for days in milk and parity was selected to be representative of the following genotypes: CC (n   =   8), C- (n   =   7), and -- (n   =   7) and GG (n   =   8), @entity1422 (n   =   11), and TT (n   =   3) in 5'-UTR. PBMC were isolated from blood samples and heated at 43  C in thermal bath for 1  h and then incubated at 39  C in atmosphere of 5% @entity515 for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24  h (recovery times). Cell viability was determined by XTT assay. Gene and protein expression of @entity72361 was determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and by ELISA assay, respectively. For the two SNPs detected, one allele was the most frequent (C, 66.8% and G, 56.8%). Genotypes -- and TG showed higher (P   <   0.05) viability compared with CC and GG, respectively. Genotypes C- and TT had intermediate viability. Gene expression of @entity72361 showed higher (P   <   0.001) levels in -- and TG genotype compared with their counterparts. Genotypes -- and TG showed the higher level of inducible @entity72361 protein in respect to C-, TT and CC, GG. In conclusion, exposure to @entity1457 differently affected cell viability and gene and protein expression of @entity72361 in the selected genotypes. These results indicate that the presence of SNPs (C/- and @entity13285 ) in the 5'-UTR region of inducible @entity72361 ameliorates @entity1457 response and tolerance to heat of @entity291 PBMC. These mutation sites may be useful as molecular genetic markers to assist selection for heat tolerance.

title: Cellular thermotolerance is associated with @entity1457 protein 70.1 genetic polymorphisms in Holstein lactating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat shock', 'heat shock', 'HS']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: @entity1457 proteins (Hsp) are known to protect cells from several stressors. Nucleotide changes in the flanking regions [5'- and 3'-untranslated region (UTR)] of Hsp gene might affect inducibility, degree of expression, or stability of Hsp70 mRNA. The present study aimed to investigate the association between inducible @entity72361 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ) response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in dairy @entity291 . Four hundred forty-six Italian Holstein @entity291 were genotyped for four @entity72361 SNPs: g895 C/- and g @entity72362 in 5'-UTR, and g @entity72363 and @entity72364 in 3'-UTR. Genetic polymorphisms in 3'-UTR of @entity291 @entity72361 gene resulted monomorphic. Distribution of alleles of the @entity377 sequence polymorphism within the 5'-UTR of the @entity291 @entity72361 gene were 81.2% and 18.8% for C and -, respectively, and 77.8% and 22.2% for G and T, respectively. Among the 446 genotyped animals, a group of @entity291 balanced for days in milk and parity was selected to be representative of the following genotypes: CC (n   =   8), C- (n   =   7), and -- (n   =   7) and GG (n   =   8), @entity1422 (n   =   11), and TT (n   =   3) in 5'-UTR. PBMC were isolated from blood samples and heated at 43  C in thermal bath for 1  h and then incubated at 39  C in atmosphere of 5% @entity515 for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24  h (recovery times). Cell viability was determined by XTT assay. Gene and protein expression of @entity72361 was determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and by ELISA assay, respectively. For the two SNPs detected, one allele was the most frequent (C, 66.8% and G, 56.8%). Genotypes -- and TG showed higher (P   <   0.05) viability compared with CC and GG, respectively. Genotypes C- and TT had intermediate viability. Gene expression of @entity72361 showed higher (P   <   0.001) levels in -- and TG genotype compared with their counterparts. Genotypes -- and TG showed the higher level of inducible @entity72361 protein in respect to C-, TT and CC, GG. In conclusion, exposure to @entity1457 differently affected cell viability and gene and protein expression of @entity72361 in the selected genotypes. These results indicate that the presence of SNPs (C/- and @entity13285 ) in the 5'-UTR region of inducible @entity72361 ameliorates @entity1457 response and tolerance to heat of @entity291 PBMC. These mutation sites may be useful as molecular genetic markers to assist selection for heat tolerance.

title: Cellular thermotolerance is associated with XXXX protein 70.1 genetic polymorphisms in Holstein lactating @entity291 .

answer: @entity1457 :: (MESH:D012769,Disease) :: ['heat shock']


abstract: PURPOSE: Host defense against @entity281 by @entity4538 ) is ensured in great part by cytotoxic @entity405 (+) T lymphocytes (CTLs) directed against the tegument protein pp65. The hyperimmediate release of incoming pp65 into the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I pathway after fusion of the virus with the cell membrane provides a very early mechanism of defense. In retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells HCMV is known to enter through endocytosis. This study was conducted to determine whether this means of penetration into the cells would allow the virus to elude immune surveillance. METHODS: Infection of RPE cells with HCMV AD169 was performed for 6 hours, 48 hours, and 8 days. Expression of intracellular pp65 in RPE cells and in the @entity816 reference cell line U373MG was evaluated by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and Western blot analysis. Killing of both @entity2803 cell lines by HLA-A2-restricted @entity405 (+) CTLs directed against pp65 was monitored by @entity8680 -release assays. RESULTS: RPE cells were not lysed by CTLs directed against incoming pp65, contrary to U373MG. Moreover, both cell lines were not killed by anti-pp65 CTLs later after @entity281 , because of the MHC class-I-downregulating effect of HCMV unique short (US2-11) proteins. CONCLUSIONS: In RPE cells, both HCMV entry through endocytosis and the immunosuppressive effect of US proteins could allow the virus to evade immune surveillance at any stage of @entity281 , which could promote viral spreading within the retina.

title: @entity2803 retinal pigment epithelial cells by anti-pp65 XXXX (+) cytotoxic T cells.

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['HCMV-infected']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity4538 :: ('10359', 'Species') :: ['human cytomegalovirus (HCMV']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytoma']

answer: @entity405 :: (925,Gene) :: ['CD8']


abstract: PURPOSE: Host defense against @entity281 by @entity4538 ) is ensured in great part by cytotoxic @entity405 (+) T lymphocytes (CTLs) directed against the tegument protein pp65. The hyperimmediate release of incoming pp65 into the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I pathway after fusion of the virus with the cell membrane provides a very early mechanism of defense. In retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells HCMV is known to enter through endocytosis. This study was conducted to determine whether this means of penetration into the cells would allow the virus to elude immune surveillance. METHODS: Infection of RPE cells with HCMV AD169 was performed for 6 hours, 48 hours, and 8 days. Expression of intracellular pp65 in RPE cells and in the @entity816 reference cell line U373MG was evaluated by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and Western blot analysis. Killing of both @entity2803 cell lines by HLA-A2-restricted @entity405 (+) CTLs directed against pp65 was monitored by @entity8680 -release assays. RESULTS: RPE cells were not lysed by CTLs directed against incoming pp65, contrary to U373MG. Moreover, both cell lines were not killed by anti-pp65 CTLs later after @entity281 , because of the MHC class-I-downregulating effect of HCMV unique short (US2-11) proteins. CONCLUSIONS: In RPE cells, both HCMV entry through endocytosis and the immunosuppressive effect of US proteins could allow the virus to evade immune surveillance at any stage of @entity281 , which could promote viral spreading within the retina.

title: XXXX retinal pigment epithelial cells by anti-pp65 @entity405 (+) cytotoxic T cells.

answer: @entity2803 :: (MESH:D003586,Disease) :: ['Impaired killing of HCMV-infected']


abstract: Two recent reports support and one report disputes the existence of dangerous interactions between the new @entity64533 antiarrhythmic @entity2643 and the anaesthetic state. We have reviewed our experience with 17 anaesthetics administered to 16 @entity1 taking @entity2643 . Haemodynamics and serum @entity2643 levels were evaluated where available. Twelve cases involved @entity358 ; of these, three @entity1 died. There were no deaths in the non- @entity358 group. The charts of 30 @entity1 with poor left ventricular function, who were not receiving @entity2643 but who were undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, were reviewed to establish a comparison group. Interactions were manifested in three forms: nodal rhythm and/or complete @entity616 developed in ten of 15 @entity1 (one @entity1 had a preoperative pacemaker inserted for the @entity1817 ), poor cardiac output requiring intra-aortic balloon pump augmentation developed in six of 12 @entity358 @entity1 , or, a state of alpha adrenergic blockade leading to a low systemic vascular resistance despite alpha agonist therapy developed in two of 16 @entity1 . We conclude that dangerous, fatal interactions may occur in @entity1 taking @entity2643 who undergo general anaesthesia with @entity358 . Anaesthesia for non-cardiac surgery may be associated with haemodynamically significant @entity1168 . We recommend aggressive invasive monitoring, including pulmonary artery catheterization and consideration of an atrio-ventricular pacemaker in high risk @entity1 .

title: Anaesthesia and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity1817 :: ('MESH:D012804', 'Disease') :: ['sick sinus syndrome']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['cardio-pulmonary bypass']

entities_list: @entity64533 :: ('MESH:C105430', 'Chemical') :: ['benzofuran']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

answer: @entity2643 :: (MESH:D000638,Chemical) :: ['amiodarone']


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity32968 , @entity72365 , and @entity72366 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity1 include @entity4242 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity299 , @entity4501 , and @entity1152 ( @entity10859 /EA), @entity154 , and moderate to severe @entity245 . We describe a female @entity1 who presented with severe @entity4242 , @entity11677 , @entity1274 , mild @entity825 , abnormal auricles, @entity120 , @entity245 , and postnatal onset @entity851 . She had no @entity10859 /EA or @entity299 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity72365 and @entity72366 but not @entity32968 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity10859 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity11677 . The role of @entity72365 and @entity72366 in @entity120 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity72365 and @entity72366 in a @entity1 with XXXX , thyroid duct cyst, @entity1274 , and @entity120 .

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal anomalies']

entities_list: @entity825 :: ('MESH:D055090', 'Disease') :: ['tracheomalacia']

entities_list: @entity4501 :: ('MESH:D014138', 'Disease') :: ['tracheoesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth delay']

entities_list: @entity1152 :: ('MESH:D004933', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal atresia']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay', 'global developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart defects']

entities_list: @entity11677 :: ('MESH:D013955', 'Disease') :: ['thyroglossal duct cyst', 'thyroglossal duct cysts']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity4242 :: ('MESH:D008831', 'Disease') :: ['congenital microcephaly', 'microcephaly']

answer: @entity4242 :: (MESH:D008831,Disease) :: ['congenital microcephaly']


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity32968 , @entity72365 , and @entity72366 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity1 include @entity4242 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity299 , @entity4501 , and @entity1152 ( @entity10859 /EA), @entity154 , and moderate to severe @entity245 . We describe a female @entity1 who presented with severe @entity4242 , @entity11677 , @entity1274 , mild @entity825 , abnormal auricles, @entity120 , @entity245 , and postnatal onset @entity851 . She had no @entity10859 /EA or @entity299 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity72365 and @entity72366 but not @entity32968 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity10859 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity11677 . The role of @entity72365 and @entity72366 in @entity120 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity72365 and @entity72366 in a @entity1 with @entity4242 , thyroid duct cyst, @entity1274 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity32968 , @entity72365 , and @entity72366 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity1 include @entity4242 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity299 , @entity4501 , and @entity1152 ( @entity10859 /EA), @entity154 , and moderate to severe @entity245 . We describe a female @entity1 who presented with severe @entity4242 , @entity11677 , @entity1274 , mild @entity825 , abnormal auricles, @entity120 , @entity245 , and postnatal onset @entity851 . She had no @entity10859 /EA or @entity299 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity72365 and @entity72366 but not @entity32968 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity10859 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity11677 . The role of @entity72365 and @entity72366 in @entity120 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing XXXX and @entity72366 in a @entity1 with @entity4242 , thyroid duct cyst, @entity1274 , and @entity120 .

answer: @entity72365 :: (6909,Gene) :: ['TBX2']


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity32968 , @entity72365 , and @entity72366 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity1 include @entity4242 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity299 , @entity4501 , and @entity1152 ( @entity10859 /EA), @entity154 , and moderate to severe @entity245 . We describe a female @entity1 who presented with severe @entity4242 , @entity11677 , @entity1274 , mild @entity825 , abnormal auricles, @entity120 , @entity245 , and postnatal onset @entity851 . She had no @entity10859 /EA or @entity299 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity72365 and @entity72366 but not @entity32968 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity10859 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity11677 . The role of @entity72365 and @entity72366 in @entity120 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity72365 and XXXX in a @entity1 with @entity4242 , thyroid duct cyst, @entity1274 , and @entity120 .

answer: @entity72366 :: (9496,Gene) :: ['TBX4']


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity32968 , @entity72365 , and @entity72366 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity1 include @entity4242 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity299 , @entity4501 , and @entity1152 ( @entity10859 /EA), @entity154 , and moderate to severe @entity245 . We describe a female @entity1 who presented with severe @entity4242 , @entity11677 , @entity1274 , mild @entity825 , abnormal auricles, @entity120 , @entity245 , and postnatal onset @entity851 . She had no @entity10859 /EA or @entity299 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity72365 and @entity72366 but not @entity32968 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity10859 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity11677 . The role of @entity72365 and @entity72366 in @entity120 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity72365 and @entity72366 in a @entity1 with @entity4242 , thyroid duct cyst, XXXX , and @entity120 .

answer: @entity1274 :: (MESH:D006319,Disease) :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity32968 , @entity72365 , and @entity72366 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity1 include @entity4242 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity299 , @entity4501 , and @entity1152 ( @entity10859 /EA), @entity154 , and moderate to severe @entity245 . We describe a female @entity1 who presented with severe @entity4242 , @entity11677 , @entity1274 , mild @entity825 , abnormal auricles, @entity120 , @entity245 , and postnatal onset @entity851 . She had no @entity10859 /EA or @entity299 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity72365 and @entity72366 but not @entity32968 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity10859 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity11677 . The role of @entity72365 and @entity72366 in @entity120 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity72365 and @entity72366 in a XXXX with @entity4242 , thyroid duct cyst, @entity1274 , and @entity120 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite recent concerns over the effectiveness and safety of atypical antipsychotics compared with first-generation antipsychotics, prescribing of atypical antipsychotics continues to increase. The use of generic atypical antipsychotics is one way to address cost concerns, especially if there are no major differences in outcomes between generic and originator formulations. Market forces do appear to help lower prices if @entity1 have to cover any difference between higher priced generics and originators and the current reference-priced products themselves, which they try to avoid, and if companies strive to gain market share. However, this approach may compromise individualizing atypical choice if reference classes consist of several atypicals between which there are significant co-payment differences. OBJECTIVES: First, to assess whether differences in @entity1 co-payment levels between the various atypical antipsychotic formulations alter the atypical formulation prescribed and/or dispensed in practice in Poland. Second, to assess whether market forces in Poland help drive down generic prices in reality as successive generics are launched. Third, to assess the impact of the reduction in reference prices on the overall expenditure on atypicals by the National Health Fund in Poland. METHODS: Prescription and reimbursed expenditure data for @entity1037 and @entity1090 were provided by the National Health Fund from 2002 to 2006, although no individual @entity1 data were available. Reimbursement limits for the various presentations of @entity1037 and @entity1090 were based on regulations from the Ministry of Health. RESULTS: Analysis of the data showed that the level of @entity1 co-payment appeared to impact on the atypical antipsychotic dispensed, with utilization of @entity1037 growing once its co-payment was reduced when generic @entity1037 became available. The reverse was seen with @entity1090 , with only limited growth in utilization when co-payment levels increased.Market forces resulted in a 40% reduction in the reimbursed reference price (based on the defined daily dose) of @entity1037 and a 77% reduction for @entity1090 from 2002 to July 2008. These price reductions helped moderate the growth in atypical expenditure in Poland despite appreciably increased utilization, especially for @entity1037 . Continued moderation (or even a reduction) in the growth of expenditure on atypicals is envisaged, despite increasing utilization, as more generic formulations are launched, with further reductions in the reference price for both @entity1037 and @entity1090 . CONCLUSIONS: Market forces appear to drive down the prices of generics and originators as more atypical formulations are launched. However, alternative approaches may be needed if significant co-payment differences compromise individualized care.

title: Influence of XXXX co-payments on atypical antipsychotic choice in Poland: implications once generic atypicals are available.

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Development of accurate, simple measures of body fat is essential in developing countries due to the rising prevalence of overweight and @entity28 . Application of @entity272 ( @entity272 ) to body fat prediction equations is an inexpensive method suitable for field settings. AIM: To determine percentage fat mass (%FM) of @entity3595 Lankan adolescent @entity1 using Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry (FTIR) as a reference method and develop a @entity272 -prediction equation to estimate %FM. METHODS: Weight, height and @entity272 were measured and %FM determined by FTIR in 131 adolescent, post-menarcheal @entity1 (15-19 years). @entity272 were applied to available body composition equations for validation in the population. A new equation for %FM was derived and validated. RESULTS: Mean %FM (FTIR) was 19.13    8.2.Selected body composition prediction equations over-estimated %FM. The multiple regression procedure yielded a final equation consisting of two anthropometric and one demographic variable, % FM = 9.701 - (0.460)* age+(0.640)*TricepsSFT+(0.583)*Supra-iliacSFT. CONCLUSIONS: Existing @entity272 prediction-equations are unsuitable for predicting %FM in this population. The new equation utilizing one peripheral and one truncal skin-fold, is appropriate for prediction of %FM in this population and may be applicable to other South Asian/Asian-Indian adolescents following validation.

title: Body fat assessment in XXXX Lankan adolescent @entity1 ; development of a simple field tool.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin-fold thickness', 'SFT', 'SFT-measurements']

answer: @entity3595 :: (6717,Gene) :: ['Sri']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Development of accurate, simple measures of body fat is essential in developing countries due to the rising prevalence of overweight and @entity28 . Application of @entity272 ( @entity272 ) to body fat prediction equations is an inexpensive method suitable for field settings. AIM: To determine percentage fat mass (%FM) of @entity3595 Lankan adolescent @entity1 using Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry (FTIR) as a reference method and develop a @entity272 -prediction equation to estimate %FM. METHODS: Weight, height and @entity272 were measured and %FM determined by FTIR in 131 adolescent, post-menarcheal @entity1 (15-19 years). @entity272 were applied to available body composition equations for validation in the population. A new equation for %FM was derived and validated. RESULTS: Mean %FM (FTIR) was 19.13    8.2.Selected body composition prediction equations over-estimated %FM. The multiple regression procedure yielded a final equation consisting of two anthropometric and one demographic variable, % FM = 9.701 - (0.460)* age+(0.640)*TricepsSFT+(0.583)*Supra-iliacSFT. CONCLUSIONS: Existing @entity272 prediction-equations are unsuitable for predicting %FM in this population. The new equation utilizing one peripheral and one truncal skin-fold, is appropriate for prediction of %FM in this population and may be applicable to other South Asian/Asian-Indian adolescents following validation.

title: Body fat assessment in @entity3595 Lankan adolescent XXXX ; development of a simple field tool.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girls']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of peroral pancreatoscopy in the diagnosis of @entity660 . METHODS: Both 3.7-mm (thin) and 0.8-mm (ultra-thin) diameter fiberoptic pancreatoscopes were used in 115 cases ( @entity788 , 35; @entity513 , 20; @entity5 , 60). RESULTS: Observation rates for @entity788 , @entity513 , and @entity5 were, respectively, 63%, 80%, and 95%. Tumor vessels and @entity5 were observed when @entity788 was smaller than 2 cm but not when the @entity5 was larger than 2 cm. @entity850 without significant mucosal changes was observed in 62% of cases of @entity513 . Coarse mucosa and friability were observed more frequently in association with @entity788 than @entity513 . Granular mucosa or @entity5 could be observed in 74% of cases of @entity5 . @entity5 was observed with increasing frequency in cases of @entity5 as the degree of @entity5 increased. CONCLUSIONS: Peroral pancreatoscopy with an ultra-thin fiberscope is useful in the diagnosis of minute @entity660 . Peroral pancreatoscopy with a thin fiberscope can provide a definitive diagnosis of @entity5 including the degree of @entity5 .

title: Efficacy of peroral pancreatoscopy in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Papillary tumor', 'malignancy', 'papillary tumor', 'intraductal papillary-mucinous tumor']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic diseases', 'pancreatic lesions']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['benign ductal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['Stenosis']

answer: @entity660 :: (MESH:D010182,Disease) :: ['pancreatic diseases']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: CT is a valuable tool in diagnostic radiology but it is also associated with higher @entity1 radiation doses compared with planar radiography. The aim of this article is to review @entity1 dose for the most common types of CT examinations reported during the past 19 years. METHODS: Reported dosimetric quantities were compared with the European diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). Effective doses were assessed with respect to the publication year and scanner technology (i.e. single-slice vs multislice). RESULTS: Considerable variation of reported values among studies was attributed to variations in both examination protocol and scanner design. Median weighted CT dose index (CTDI(w)) and dose length product (DLP) are below the proposed DRLs; however, for individual studies the DRLs are exceeded. Median reported effective doses for the most frequent CT examinations were: head, 1.9 @entity2073 (0.3-8.2 @entity2073 ); chest, 7.5 @entity2073 (0.3-26.0 @entity2073 ); abdomen, 7.9 @entity2073 (1.4-31.2 @entity2073 ); and pelvis, 7.6 @entity2073 (2.5-36.5 @entity2073 ). CONCLUSION: The introduction of mechanisms for dose reduction resulted in significantly lower @entity1 effective doses for CT examinations of the head, chest and abdomen reported by studies published after 1995. Owing to the limited number of studies reporting @entity1 doses for multislice CT examinations the statistical power to detect differences with single-slice scanners is not yet adequate.

title: Adult XXXX radiation doses from non-cardiac CT examinations: a review of published results.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sports diving is a popular recreational activity. Sports divers presenting with acute @entity5663 may exhibit residual neurologic and neuropsychological symptoms during follow-up, in spite of appropriate treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records was carried out for sports divers admitted to the department of neurology at Haukeland University Hospital during 1997. RESULTS: 11 out of 20 divers experienced residual @entity16 after treatment. Five responded poorly to treatment, with 50% or more residual clinical score. These @entity1 tended to be older, had performed deeper dives, and more repetitive diving. Seven divers had increased slow wave activity in EEG on initial recording, in two the EEG changes persisted after treatment. INTERPRETATION: In this small series of sports divers with @entity5663 and @entity3728 , most @entity16 responded to hyperbaric treatment. However, more than one half of the divers had residual @entity16 on discharge. Sensory loss and asymmetrical reflexes were the most common residual findings.

title: [Neurologic XXXX in sports divers].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3728 :: ('MESH:D004618', 'Disease') :: ['arterial gas embolism']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic symptoms', 'neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5663 :: ('MESH:D003665', 'Disease') :: ['decompression sickness']

answer: @entity5663 :: (MESH:D003665,Disease) :: ['decompression sickness']


abstract: Mouse @entity465 ( @entity465 ) were prepared against @entity1573 inflammatory macrophages for the purpose of analyzing macrophage heterogeneity. Macrophage-rich adherent peritoneal exudate cells harvested from Cornell K-strain @entity1573 42 hr after stimulation with Sephadex were used as immunogens in the production of the @entity465 . Eight hybridoma clones producing antibodies reactive with @entity1573 peritoneal macrophages were subjected to characterization. While six of the @entity465 cross-reacted with various hematopoietic cell types, two @entity465 (CMTD-1 and -2) were restricted in reactivity to macrophages. CMTD-1 was found to react with activated peritoneal macrophages generated by several irritants. In contrast, CMTD-2 identified a subpopulation of macrophages elicited by specific @entity1735 -based stimulants. This presumably was based on the cross-reaction of this MCA with specific @entity1735 linkages. Analysis using flow cytometry revealed the time-dependent appearance of CMTD-2-positive peritoneal macrophages between 24 and 52 hr after ip Sephadex injection. This subpopulation of peritoneal macrophages was found to be heterogeneous for the ability to undergo in vitro phagocytosis of @entity742 erythrocytes. CMTD-2-positive cells were also detected in the thyroids of 2-week-old Obese strain @entity1573 with spontaneous @entity1669 and at a low incidence in the spleens of normal @entity1573 .

title: Monoclonal antibodies reactive with XXXX peritoneal macrophages: identification of macrophage heterogeneity.

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroiditis']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chickens', 'chicken']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['MCAs', 'monoclonal antibodies']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study 1-, 5- and 10-year risks of peptic ulcer rebleeding among @entity454 ( @entity454 ) @entity1 with regular haemodialysis, to identify the high-risk subpopulation, and to estimate the number needed to harm (NNH) to increase a peptic ulcer rebleeding in different periods. DESIGN: A nationwide cohort study. SETTING: Data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. @entity1 : Uraemic cohort and matched controls were selected from among hospitalised @entity1 with a primary diagnosis of peptic @entity1066 . In total, 6447 uraemic @entity1 and 25,788 age-, gender- and gastroprotective agent use-matched controls were selected. Intervention No. Main outcome measures Cumulative incidences and HRs. RESULTS: The cumulative incidences of @entity454 @entity1 were significantly higher than the cumulative incidences of matched controls (1 year: 18.8% vs 14.2%; 5 years: 38.5% vs 31.4%; and 10 years: 46.3% vs 39.4%; all p<0.001). The NNH to increase a peptic ulcer rebleeding by @entity454 at 1, 5 and 10 years were 22, 15 and 15, respectively. On multivariate analysis, @entity454 (HR=1.38, p<0.0001) was an independent risk factor for rebleeding. Compared with matched controls, @entity454 was associated with higher risk of rebleeding especially in @entity1 using ulcerogenic agents (HR=1.33-1.45), indication to prescribe gastroprotective agents (HR=1.44) and with @entity1575 (HR=1.45). CONCLUSIONS: @entity454 @entity1 had higher long-term risk of peptic ulcer rebleeding, especially in certain populations. The enhanced risk gradually decreased after the first year and stabilised after the fifth year.

title: Long-term peptic ulcer rebleeding risk estimation in XXXX undergoing haemodialysis: a 10-year nationwide cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We report six @entity1 with array deletions encompassing 12q14. Out of a total of 2538 array investigations carried out on @entity1 with @entity245 and @entity4238 in three diagnostic testing centres, six positive cases yielded a frequency of 1 in 423 for this deletion syndrome. The deleted region in each of the six cases overlaps significantly with previously reported cases with microdeletions of this region. The chromosomal range of the deletions extends from 12q13.3q15. In the current study, we report overlapping deletions of variable extent and size but primarily comprising chromosomal bands 12q13.3q14.1. Four of the six deletions were confirmed as de novo events. Two cases had deletions that included @entity9625 , and both @entity1 had significant @entity851 . Neither case had @entity19622 despite both being deleted for @entity34265 . Four cases had deletions that ended proximal to @entity9625 and all of these had much better growth. Five cases had @entity4297 , including two with @entity118 , one each with @entity849 , @entity472 and a patent ductus. Four cases had moderate delay, two had severe @entity245 and a further two had a diagnosis of @entity2438 . All six cases had significant @entity10791 with @entity154 .

title: The 12q14 microdeletion syndrome: six new cases confirming the role of XXXX in growth.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity19622 :: ('MESH:D010023', 'Disease') :: ['osteopoikilosis']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['subtle facial dysmorphism']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart defects']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity10791 :: ('MESH:D007805', 'Disease') :: ['speech delay']

entities_list: @entity4238 :: ('MESH:D057215', 'Disease') :: ['dysmorphism']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defects']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['sub-aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity9625 :: (8091,Gene) :: ['HMGA2']


abstract: An autopsy case of 23-years-old @entity1 with @entity6038 ( @entity3286 ), who had died by @entity810 due to @entity130 , was reported. @entity3286 was constituted by @entity2421 , @entity6126 , hypomentia, @entity28 and other @entity154 , however, @entity154 had not been reported. The @entity1 sat at 3 years of age, walked at 4 years old, began to utter single words at 3-4 years, and he began to obese at 4 years of age. He fulfilled the condition of @entity3286 mentioned above. On his age 15, laboratory findings on admission revealed remarkable @entity6 pattern by oral @entity413 tolerance test and intelligence quotient was 28, and the other laboratory findings were within normal limit. During his clinical history, complications of @entity6 , such as @entity6 and @entity16 , were aggrevated, and upstanding and gait were impossible at 20 years of age. On his age 23, he suffered from @entity130 at left lower extremity and he fell in @entity810 . Five autopsy cases of @entity3286 have been reported so far, however, @entity154 has not been observed. Following anomalies in our case was recognized, such as @entity75 , partial @entity8568 of the dentate nucleus, @entity3664 of the inferior olivary nucleus, ectopia of Purkinje cell in the molecular layer, @entity3664 of middle sized neuron in the deep white matter of the cerebellum and large number of residual nerve cells in the cerebral subcortical white matter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [An autopsy case of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['minor anomalies', 'CNS anomaly']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['shortness of the frontal lobe']

entities_list: @entity3286 :: ('MESH:C538106', 'Disease') :: ['P-L-W syndrome']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity8568 :: ('MESH:D065706', 'Disease') :: ['micropolygyria']

entities_list: @entity3664 :: ('MESH:C548481', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopia']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonia']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal insufficiency', 'acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity6038 :: ('MESH:D011218', 'Disease') :: ['Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['burn injury']

answer: @entity6038 :: (MESH:D011218,Disease) :: ['Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar radicular @entity158 pathophysiology continues to be the subject of research and debate as @entity158 is increasingly seen as a cause of non-specific @entity1643 . Among non-surgical methods used to manage @entity1643 with or without disc herniation, epidural injections are one of the most common modalities. However, there is little evidence utilizing contemporary methodology for using epidural injections in @entity1 with @entity158 . STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial. SETTING: An interventional @entity158 management practice, a specialty referral center, a private practice setting in the United States. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic, with or without @entity230 , in managing @entity1643 without disc herniation or @entity614 . METHODS: A total of 120 @entity1 were assigned to one of 2 groups. Group I @entity1 received caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic ( @entity3303 0.5% 10 mL); Group II @entity1 received caudal epidural injections with 9 mL of 0.5% @entity3303 mixed with 1 mL of @entity134 (either brand name or non-particulate @entity5935 [6 mg] or @entity1667 [40 mg]). Computer-generated randomization and random allocation sequence by simple randomization were the randomization techniques utilized. OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT: Multiple outcome measures were utilized which included the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the @entity717 Index 2.0 (ODI), employment status, functional status, and opioid intake at 3, 6, and 12 months post treatment. Significant @entity158 relief and functional status improvement were described as a 50% or more reduction in scores from baseline. RESULTS: Significant @entity158 relief and functional status improvement were observed in 55% of the @entity1 in Group I and 68% of the @entity1 in Group II. In contrast, 84% of @entity1 in Group I and 85% in Group II saw significant @entity158 relief and functional status improvement in the successful group (62% in Group I and 68% in Group II). The average procedures per year were 3.8    0.9 for Group I and 4.3    0.9 for Group II. Average @entity158 scores decreased from 8.0    0.9 to 4.3    1.79 for Group I and from 7.9    1.0 to 3.8    1.59 for Group II. There were no differences among the @entity1 receiving one of the 3 @entity230 . LIMITATIONS: The results of this study are limited by lack of a placebo group. CONCLUSION: Caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic with or without @entity230 are effective in @entity1 with @entity1643 of discogenic origin without facet @entity158 , @entity890 .

title: One-year results of a randomized, double-blind, active controlled trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections with or without @entity230 in managing chronic XXXX without disc herniation or @entity614 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain', 'low back pain']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['joint pain', 'pain', 'discogenic pain']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['radiculitis']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['disc herniation, and/or radiculitis']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['discogenic low back pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar radicular @entity158 pathophysiology continues to be the subject of research and debate as @entity158 is increasingly seen as a cause of non-specific @entity1643 . Among non-surgical methods used to manage @entity1643 with or without disc herniation, epidural injections are one of the most common modalities. However, there is little evidence utilizing contemporary methodology for using epidural injections in @entity1 with @entity158 . STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial. SETTING: An interventional @entity158 management practice, a specialty referral center, a private practice setting in the United States. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic, with or without @entity230 , in managing @entity1643 without disc herniation or @entity614 . METHODS: A total of 120 @entity1 were assigned to one of 2 groups. Group I @entity1 received caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic ( @entity3303 0.5% 10 mL); Group II @entity1 received caudal epidural injections with 9 mL of 0.5% @entity3303 mixed with 1 mL of @entity134 (either brand name or non-particulate @entity5935 [6 mg] or @entity1667 [40 mg]). Computer-generated randomization and random allocation sequence by simple randomization were the randomization techniques utilized. OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT: Multiple outcome measures were utilized which included the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the @entity717 Index 2.0 (ODI), employment status, functional status, and opioid intake at 3, 6, and 12 months post treatment. Significant @entity158 relief and functional status improvement were described as a 50% or more reduction in scores from baseline. RESULTS: Significant @entity158 relief and functional status improvement were observed in 55% of the @entity1 in Group I and 68% of the @entity1 in Group II. In contrast, 84% of @entity1 in Group I and 85% in Group II saw significant @entity158 relief and functional status improvement in the successful group (62% in Group I and 68% in Group II). The average procedures per year were 3.8    0.9 for Group I and 4.3    0.9 for Group II. Average @entity158 scores decreased from 8.0    0.9 to 4.3    1.79 for Group I and from 7.9    1.0 to 3.8    1.59 for Group II. There were no differences among the @entity1 receiving one of the 3 @entity230 . LIMITATIONS: The results of this study are limited by lack of a placebo group. CONCLUSION: Caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic with or without @entity230 are effective in @entity1 with @entity1643 of discogenic origin without facet @entity158 , @entity890 .

title: One-year results of a randomized, double-blind, active controlled trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections with or without @entity230 in managing chronic @entity1643 without disc herniation or XXXX .

answer: @entity614 :: (MESH:D011843,Disease) :: ['radiculitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar radicular @entity158 pathophysiology continues to be the subject of research and debate as @entity158 is increasingly seen as a cause of non-specific @entity1643 . Among non-surgical methods used to manage @entity1643 with or without disc herniation, epidural injections are one of the most common modalities. However, there is little evidence utilizing contemporary methodology for using epidural injections in @entity1 with @entity158 . STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial. SETTING: An interventional @entity158 management practice, a specialty referral center, a private practice setting in the United States. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic, with or without @entity230 , in managing @entity1643 without disc herniation or @entity614 . METHODS: A total of 120 @entity1 were assigned to one of 2 groups. Group I @entity1 received caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic ( @entity3303 0.5% 10 mL); Group II @entity1 received caudal epidural injections with 9 mL of 0.5% @entity3303 mixed with 1 mL of @entity134 (either brand name or non-particulate @entity5935 [6 mg] or @entity1667 [40 mg]). Computer-generated randomization and random allocation sequence by simple randomization were the randomization techniques utilized. OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT: Multiple outcome measures were utilized which included the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the @entity717 Index 2.0 (ODI), employment status, functional status, and opioid intake at 3, 6, and 12 months post treatment. Significant @entity158 relief and functional status improvement were described as a 50% or more reduction in scores from baseline. RESULTS: Significant @entity158 relief and functional status improvement were observed in 55% of the @entity1 in Group I and 68% of the @entity1 in Group II. In contrast, 84% of @entity1 in Group I and 85% in Group II saw significant @entity158 relief and functional status improvement in the successful group (62% in Group I and 68% in Group II). The average procedures per year were 3.8    0.9 for Group I and 4.3    0.9 for Group II. Average @entity158 scores decreased from 8.0    0.9 to 4.3    1.79 for Group I and from 7.9    1.0 to 3.8    1.59 for Group II. There were no differences among the @entity1 receiving one of the 3 @entity230 . LIMITATIONS: The results of this study are limited by lack of a placebo group. CONCLUSION: Caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic with or without @entity230 are effective in @entity1 with @entity1643 of discogenic origin without facet @entity158 , @entity890 .

title: One-year results of a randomized, double-blind, active controlled trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections with or without XXXX in managing chronic @entity1643 without disc herniation or @entity614 .

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and contrast sensitivity in adults with early- or late-onset strabismic @entity4457 . METHODS: Twelve adults with early- and 12 with late-onset strabismic @entity4457 with similar ranges of visual acuity were studied. Pattern-onset VEPs to 30-minute checks were recorded at a range of contrast levels. @entity8 ( @entity8 ) was measured at 3.2 cyc/deg using a two-alternative, forced-choice staircase method. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in VEP CII latency or amplitude between amblyopic and fellow eyes across all contrast levels for the early-onset group, but in the late-onset group, CII latencies were significantly longer and amplitudes smaller in the amblyopic eye. CII responses in both amblyopic and fellow eyes of the early-onset amblyopes were of significantly shorter latency and smaller amplitude than normal. In the late-onset group the CII responses from the amblyopic eye were of significantly increased latency and reduced amplitude compared with normal, whereas latency and amplitude of fellow eye responses did not differ significantly from normal. Late-onset amblyopes showed reduced @entity8 across the central field for the amblyopic eye, but increased @entity8 for the fellow eye compared with normal. In the early-onset group, central @entity8 did not differ between amblyopic and fellow eyes or from normal. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences in the electrophysiological and psychophysical characteristics of adults with early- and late-onset strabismic @entity4457 .

title: Electrophysiological and psychophysical differences between early- and late-onset strabismic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['CS', 'Contrast sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['amblyopia']

answer: @entity4457 :: (MESH:D000550,Disease) :: ['amblyopia']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity19 were developed that express @entity803 -controlled transactivator 1 (tTA1) specifically in photoreceptor cells. In these @entity19 the transcription of the gene of interest can be easily inactivated in the retina in a short time frame. METHODS: A construct was prepared containing tTA1 under control of the @entity19 @entity1999 regulatory region. This construct was used for the generation of @entity19 . In situ hybridization was performed to study the distribution of the transactivator in the retina. The activity of the transactivator was analyzed by mating the lines with a luciferase reporter transgenic @entity19 . tTA1 activity and @entity3403 's ability to block it were analyzed by luciferase assay. The effects of tTA1 on the retina were assessed by histology and electrophysiology. RESULTS: Two transgenic lines were developed that specifically express tTA1 in photoreceptor cells. The time course of transgene expression replicated transcription of endogenous @entity1999 . tTA1 was not toxic to the retina. Transactivator activity was blocked readily by @entity3403 . CONCLUSIONS: An expression system for photoreceptor cells was generated to drive transcription in a cell-specific and time-controllable manner. This system is suitable for the study of factors involved in retinal biology and of mutant forms of genes involved in @entity989 .

title: An in vivo XXXX -controlled expression system for functional studies of the retina.

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'Transgenic mice', 'mouse', 'transgenic mice', 'murine']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal diseases']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

answer: @entity3403 :: (MESH:D004318,Chemical) :: ['doxycycline']


abstract: Most frequent methods of @entity17904 deviation operative treatment are @entity17904 corporoplastics after Schr  der and Nesbit. The @entity17904 corporoplastics can be followed by early complications ( @entity548 from the @entity17904 , recrudescent deviation due to suture cut-out, reduced or extinct sensitivity of the @entity17904 head as a result of n. dorsalis @entity130 , etc.) or tardy ones (scarring phymosis, recrudescent deviation due to the scar, etc.). The objective of the study is to assess the quality of the @entity1 ' life after the operation ( @entity17904 corporoplastics after Schr  der) and any possible @entity532 . The medical documentation of twelve @entity1 , who were operated in the aforesaid manner at Kaunas 2(nd) Clinical Hospital and Kaunas Clinics of General Medical Practice in 1994-2001, was checked. Before the operation all the @entity1 had @entity17904 deviation diagnosed (two ventral, two lateral and five mixed) resulting from @entity43928 . The indication for the operation of all the @entity1 was aggravated intercourse. None of the @entity1 showed early @entity532 . When the @entity1 were checked 6 months and 1 year later there were no tardy @entity532 , either. All the @entity1 were satisfied with the quality of life after the operation - there was no deviation, the erection and intercourse were normal. Penis corporoplastics after Schr  der is a proper method to be used for correction of inherent @entity17904 deviations.

title: [Penis deviation correction using Schr  der's method and XXXX ' postoperative quality of life].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['post-operative complications']

entities_list: @entity43928 :: ('MESH:D013121', 'Disease') :: ['congenital penis curvature']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['penis injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: THE AIM OF WORK: To describe laparoscopic method of treatment of female stress @entity322 , indications and contraindications for this operation, to show the first results of this operation in Lithuania, to find out the advantages of this method in comparison with open classical operations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten @entity1 were operated on laparoscopically in the period 1999-2001 due to stress @entity322 . The original Burch operation with sutures was performed for two @entity1 , in 8 cases the colposuspension was performed using ligaments (prolene mesh). Transperitoneal colposuspension was performed in 9 cases, extraperitoneal - in one case. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed simultaneously for 3 @entity1 . The average time of hospitalization was 7 days, postoperative stay - 4 days. Catheter in urine bladder was removed after three days, in two cases the remaining urine was observed. RESULTS: Postoperatively in 9 cases the cystocele has disappeared, in one case the recurrence of cystocele was observed. Three months after laparoscopic colposuspension, results as very good were evaluated in 8 cases, good - in one case, satisfactory - in one case (urine continence, imperative urination with minimal urine flow). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic colposuspension - effective method of treatment of stress @entity322 , having more advantages in comparison with open operations: shorter time of hospitalization, good postoperative results. The operation is safe, esthetic, with no postoperative @entity547 . It is an interesting alternative for open operations.

title: [Laparoscopic colposuspension - effective, minimally invasive method of treatment of female XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: The contamination of beach waters occurs from the discharge of storm water and sanitary sewer overflows containing faecal material. Additional faecal material derives from discharge of animals and waterfowl. In order to protect public from exposure to faecal-contaminated water, it is required to test enteric indicators in beach water. The problem is that the traditional culture-based methods cannot meet this goal because it takes too long (>24 h), so the results are not available until a day later. A rapid method for testing beach water for @entity526 within 1 h has been developed. @entity1172 ( @entity1172 ) and @entity855 bioluminescence were used for selective capture and quantification, respectively. This rapid method was compared to the current method (m-TEC) using beach water samples. The beach samples were prefiltered with a 20 microm pore size filter in order to remove algae, plant debris and large particles. The results showed that the prefiltration step did not trap the bacteria which were present in the original water samples. The prefiltered water was then passed through a 0.45 microm pore size filter for concentration. The deposited bacteria were resuspended and then mixed with superparamagnetic @entity852 beads (diameter of 0.6 microm) that were coated with E. coli antibodies. After @entity1172 , the quantification of the @entity526 was done by @entity855 bioluminescence. The results obtained with @entity1172 - @entity855 bioluminescence correlated well with the plate count method (Rsq = 0.93). The detection limit of the assay was about 20 CFU/100 mL, which is well below the US EPA limits for recreational water. The entire procedure can be completed in less than 1 hour. The necessary equipment is portable and was tested on-site.

title: Detection of XXXX in beach water within 1 hour using immunomagnetic separation and @entity855 bioluminescence.

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity1172 :: ('MESH:D001010', 'Disease') :: ['Immunomagnetic separation', 'IMS']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['E. coli']


abstract: The contamination of beach waters occurs from the discharge of storm water and sanitary sewer overflows containing faecal material. Additional faecal material derives from discharge of animals and waterfowl. In order to protect public from exposure to faecal-contaminated water, it is required to test enteric indicators in beach water. The problem is that the traditional culture-based methods cannot meet this goal because it takes too long (>24 h), so the results are not available until a day later. A rapid method for testing beach water for @entity526 within 1 h has been developed. @entity1172 ( @entity1172 ) and @entity855 bioluminescence were used for selective capture and quantification, respectively. This rapid method was compared to the current method (m-TEC) using beach water samples. The beach samples were prefiltered with a 20 microm pore size filter in order to remove algae, plant debris and large particles. The results showed that the prefiltration step did not trap the bacteria which were present in the original water samples. The prefiltered water was then passed through a 0.45 microm pore size filter for concentration. The deposited bacteria were resuspended and then mixed with superparamagnetic @entity852 beads (diameter of 0.6 microm) that were coated with E. coli antibodies. After @entity1172 , the quantification of the @entity526 was done by @entity855 bioluminescence. The results obtained with @entity1172 - @entity855 bioluminescence correlated well with the plate count method (Rsq = 0.93). The detection limit of the assay was about 20 CFU/100 mL, which is well below the US EPA limits for recreational water. The entire procedure can be completed in less than 1 hour. The necessary equipment is portable and was tested on-site.

title: Detection of @entity526 in beach water within 1 hour using immunomagnetic separation and XXXX bioluminescence.

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['ATP']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Visual field analyses reflect the degree of the compression to the optic nerve that results the structural damage of the nerve. These structural damages can be evaluated by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which assesses the structural integrity of white matter tracts. Thus, we evaluated the quantitative assessment of early visual recovery in @entity1 with @entity4611 , corresponding DTI with visual field analyses. METHODS: Seventy-two @entity1 who had @entity4611 with @entity227 were included in the study retrospectively. All @entity1 were operated on by pure endoscopic transphenoidal approach. Visual field assessment using Humphrey field analyzer and DTI with 3T magnet were performed in the preoperative and postoperative second day and sixth month. FINDINGS: Mean symptom duration was 14.7        10.5 weeks in the full recovery group @entity1 , 50.1        29.1 weeks in partial recovery @entity1 , and 92.4        15.4 weeks in the ones with no recovery. There was a significant difference at p   <   0.001 among the groups. On visual field analysis, the visual lost was mostly recognized at upper temporal levels preoperatively. Visual field findings of both eyes were improved in 80% of the @entity1 . Among these, 25% revealed full recovery, 55.6% partial recovery, and 19.4% did not demonstrate significant changes. DTI assessments of affected sides revealed preoperative fractional anisotropy (FA) values below 0.400 and @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) values over 1,400       10(-6) mm(2) s(-1) were related with no visual improvement in the postoperative 6 months period. The percentage increase of mean FA values of the affected areas postoperatively were found to be 21.9% in totally responded @entity1 , 20.6% in partial responded @entity1 , and 9.8% in @entity1 that did not respond. CONCLUSIONS: There is a correlation between DTI-derived FA values of the optic nerves and visual parameters. DTI assessments of the affected sides with FA and @entity1893 values may help to estimate the response of visual improvement to the surgical therapy in the early postoperative period.

title: Evaluation of early visual recovery in XXXX after endoscopic endonasal transphenoidal surgery: Quantitative assessment with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary macroadenomas']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defects']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'mean diffusivity']

answer: @entity4611 :: (MESH:D010900,Disease) :: ['pituitary macroadenomas']


abstract: 153 @entity1 coming to France from Southeast Asia were treated with @entity2039 for @entity16883 . All these @entity1 , 52 @entity1 and 101 adults were examined 30 to 90 day after arrival in France. They came from Laos (118 cases), Vietnam (10 cases) and Cambodia (25 cases), generally via Thailand. 7 heavy (10.000-29.999 Eggs Per Gram of faeces, EPG), 55 moderate (1.000-9.999 EPG) and 91 light infections (1-999 EPG) were detected. @entity2039 was given at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight, orally, three times on a single day at intervals of 4-6 hours. Clinical tolerability was perfect in 59 @entity1 and pretty good in the 94 remaining cases. We only observed, for one or two days, lassitude, @entity10 , drowsiness, @entity390 , @entity158 or @entity4841 - @entity925 , always of weak or moderate intensity and for 1 or 2 days. The biological tolerability was excellent without any variation of the biological norm values (47 parameters). The therapeutic efficacy was remarkable with 100% cure in all @entity1 , who were followed-up for 40 days. All earlier controls (7th, 20th days) were always negative except for two @entity1 who were completely negative on day 40th and later.

title: [ @entity2039 in the treatment of XXXX in Southeast Asian refugees. Evaluation of 153 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity16883 :: ('MESH:D009889', 'Disease') :: ['Opisthorchiasis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity2039 :: ('MESH:D011223', 'Chemical') :: ['Praziquantel']

answer: @entity16883 :: (MESH:D009889,Disease) :: ['opisthorchiasis']


abstract: 153 @entity1 coming to France from Southeast Asia were treated with @entity2039 for @entity16883 . All these @entity1 , 52 @entity1 and 101 adults were examined 30 to 90 day after arrival in France. They came from Laos (118 cases), Vietnam (10 cases) and Cambodia (25 cases), generally via Thailand. 7 heavy (10.000-29.999 Eggs Per Gram of faeces, EPG), 55 moderate (1.000-9.999 EPG) and 91 light infections (1-999 EPG) were detected. @entity2039 was given at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight, orally, three times on a single day at intervals of 4-6 hours. Clinical tolerability was perfect in 59 @entity1 and pretty good in the 94 remaining cases. We only observed, for one or two days, lassitude, @entity10 , drowsiness, @entity390 , @entity158 or @entity4841 - @entity925 , always of weak or moderate intensity and for 1 or 2 days. The biological tolerability was excellent without any variation of the biological norm values (47 parameters). The therapeutic efficacy was remarkable with 100% cure in all @entity1 , who were followed-up for 40 days. All earlier controls (7th, 20th days) were always negative except for two @entity1 who were completely negative on day 40th and later.

title: [ XXXX in the treatment of @entity16883 in Southeast Asian refugees. Evaluation of 153 cases].

answer: @entity2039 :: (MESH:D011223,Chemical) :: ['Praziquantel']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although suicide is a leading cause of @entity204 , few studies have attempted to predict suicidal ideation prospectively using epidemiological samples or multivariate methods. METHOD: Discrete-time event history analysis was used to model the onset of thoughts of @entity204 or self-harm ( @entity8527 /SH) in a population-based sample of female twins (N=2164) using variables from the demographic, psychopathological, childhood adversity, personality and life event domains. Univariate, multivariate-within domain and multivariate-across domain regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Most variables predicted @entity8527 /SH in the univariate analyses. However, the only variables to predict @entity8527 /SH independently were obsessive symptoms, childhood @entity458 , rural residence, unemployment, older age, lifetime history of @entity2072 misuse and low levels of education, personal religious devotion and altruism, as well as divorce/separation, loss of confidant, assault, job @entity393 in the previous month. This final model explained 16% of the variance in @entity8527 /SH. Lifetime histories of @entity308 , @entity4697 and @entity167 misuse had no significant independent effect. CONCLUSIONS: Many variables, from all five domains of risk factors, are associated with the risk of @entity8527 /SH, but many of these effects may be mediated by other risk factors. Proximal life events and psychopathology may have more independent effects than other domains. The overall ability of these risk factors to predict @entity8527 /SH is modest. We cannot rule out that differences between these analyses and previous reports were due to our use of @entity8527 /SH as the dependent variable instead of thoughts of committing suicide per se.

title: The prediction of thoughts of XXXX or self-harm in a population-based sample of female twins.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depression']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss and financial problems']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent research has demonstrated that smokers are at an elevated risk for @entity146 . This study extends the enquiry by examining: (1) the specificity of the psychiatric sequelae of smoking; and (2) the variability in the likelihood of these sequelae by proximity and intensity of smoking. METHOD: Data come from the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS), a representative sample of the US population 15-54 years of age. The Smoking Supplement was administered to a representative subset of 4414 respondents. A modified World Health Organization-Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to measure DSM-III-R disorders. Survival analysis with smoking variables as time-dependent covariates was used to predict the subsequent onset of specific @entity146 . RESULTS: The estimated effects of daily smoking varied across disorders. In the case of @entity1316 , daily smoking predicted subsequent onset, with no variation between current versus past smokers or by smoking intensity. In the case of @entity4697 and @entity8396 , current but not past smoking predicted subsequent onset; furthermore, the risk of these disorders in past smokers decreased with increasing time since quitting. In the case of substance use disorders, current but not past smoking predicted subsequent onset, with no variation by time since quitting or smoking intensity. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that smoking cessation programmes would not prevent the onset of @entity1316 , as ex-smokers do not differ from current smokers in their risk for these disorders. In comparison, daily smoking might be a causal factor in @entity4697 and @entity8396 , conditions that might be preventable by smoking cessation. Additionally, current smoking might serve as a marker for targeting interventions to prevent @entity167 and @entity74 .

title: Daily smoking and the subsequent onset of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity8396 :: ('MESH:D000379', 'Disease') :: ['agoraphobia']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorder', 'mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['drug disorders']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity239 ( @entity239 ), a @entity1118 condition of unknown aetiology often develops following a traumatic event. @entity239 has been associated with @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) and @entity308 ( @entity308 ). METHOD: @entity1 seen in a referral clinic (N=571) were evaluated for @entity239 and @entity5815 ( @entity5815 ) criteria. @entity1 completed questionnaires, and underwent a physical examination and a structured psychiatric evaluation. Critical components of the diagnostic criteria of @entity239 (tender points and @entity158 ) and @entity5815 (persistent debilitating fatigue and four of eight associated symptoms) were examined for their relationship with @entity1005 . RESULTS: The prevalence of lifetime @entity1005 was 20% and lifetime @entity308 was 42%. @entity1 who had both tender points and @entity158 had a higher prevalence of @entity1005 (OR=3.4, 95% CI 2.0-5.8) compared with those who had neither of these @entity239 criteria. Stratification by @entity308 and adjustment for sociodemographic factors and chronic fatigue revealed that the association of @entity1005 with @entity239 criteria was confined to those with @entity308 . @entity1 with @entity308 who met both components of the @entity239 criteria had a three-fold increase in the prevalence of @entity1005 (95% CI 1.5-7.1); conversely, @entity239 @entity1 without @entity308 showed no increase in @entity1005 (OR=1.3, 95% CI 0.5-3.2). The components of the @entity5815 criteria were not significantly associated with @entity1005 . CONCLUSION: Optimal clinical care for @entity1 with @entity239 should include an assessment of @entity130 in general, and @entity1005 in particular. This study highlights the importance of considering co-morbid @entity308 as an effect modifier in analyses that explore @entity1005 in @entity1 with @entity239 .

title: @entity1005 among @entity1 with XXXX and chronic fatigue.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'major depression disorder']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['Fibromyalgia', 'FM']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity5815 :: ('MESH:D015673', 'Disease') :: ['chronic fatigue syndrome', 'CFS']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity239 ( @entity239 ), a @entity1118 condition of unknown aetiology often develops following a traumatic event. @entity239 has been associated with @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) and @entity308 ( @entity308 ). METHOD: @entity1 seen in a referral clinic (N=571) were evaluated for @entity239 and @entity5815 ( @entity5815 ) criteria. @entity1 completed questionnaires, and underwent a physical examination and a structured psychiatric evaluation. Critical components of the diagnostic criteria of @entity239 (tender points and @entity158 ) and @entity5815 (persistent debilitating fatigue and four of eight associated symptoms) were examined for their relationship with @entity1005 . RESULTS: The prevalence of lifetime @entity1005 was 20% and lifetime @entity308 was 42%. @entity1 who had both tender points and @entity158 had a higher prevalence of @entity1005 (OR=3.4, 95% CI 2.0-5.8) compared with those who had neither of these @entity239 criteria. Stratification by @entity308 and adjustment for sociodemographic factors and chronic fatigue revealed that the association of @entity1005 with @entity239 criteria was confined to those with @entity308 . @entity1 with @entity308 who met both components of the @entity239 criteria had a three-fold increase in the prevalence of @entity1005 (95% CI 1.5-7.1); conversely, @entity239 @entity1 without @entity308 showed no increase in @entity1005 (OR=1.3, 95% CI 0.5-3.2). The components of the @entity5815 criteria were not significantly associated with @entity1005 . CONCLUSION: Optimal clinical care for @entity1 with @entity239 should include an assessment of @entity130 in general, and @entity1005 in particular. This study highlights the importance of considering co-morbid @entity308 as an effect modifier in analyses that explore @entity1005 in @entity1 with @entity239 .

title: XXXX among @entity1 with @entity1118 and chronic fatigue.

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['Post-traumatic stress disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity239 ( @entity239 ), a @entity1118 condition of unknown aetiology often develops following a traumatic event. @entity239 has been associated with @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) and @entity308 ( @entity308 ). METHOD: @entity1 seen in a referral clinic (N=571) were evaluated for @entity239 and @entity5815 ( @entity5815 ) criteria. @entity1 completed questionnaires, and underwent a physical examination and a structured psychiatric evaluation. Critical components of the diagnostic criteria of @entity239 (tender points and @entity158 ) and @entity5815 (persistent debilitating fatigue and four of eight associated symptoms) were examined for their relationship with @entity1005 . RESULTS: The prevalence of lifetime @entity1005 was 20% and lifetime @entity308 was 42%. @entity1 who had both tender points and @entity158 had a higher prevalence of @entity1005 (OR=3.4, 95% CI 2.0-5.8) compared with those who had neither of these @entity239 criteria. Stratification by @entity308 and adjustment for sociodemographic factors and chronic fatigue revealed that the association of @entity1005 with @entity239 criteria was confined to those with @entity308 . @entity1 with @entity308 who met both components of the @entity239 criteria had a three-fold increase in the prevalence of @entity1005 (95% CI 1.5-7.1); conversely, @entity239 @entity1 without @entity308 showed no increase in @entity1005 (OR=1.3, 95% CI 0.5-3.2). The components of the @entity5815 criteria were not significantly associated with @entity1005 . CONCLUSION: Optimal clinical care for @entity1 with @entity239 should include an assessment of @entity130 in general, and @entity1005 in particular. This study highlights the importance of considering co-morbid @entity308 as an effect modifier in analyses that explore @entity1005 in @entity1 with @entity239 .

title: @entity1005 among XXXX with @entity1118 and chronic fatigue.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We wished to assess the effect of three types of medication on verbal @entity2414 in @entity161 . METHOD: Forty-eight @entity1 with @entity161 and 40 healthy control subjects underwent a @entity2414 , including free recall, recognition and short-term memory span. All the @entity1 were on antipsychotic medication. In addition, 24 were taking anticholinergic drugs ( @entity5662 ) and 30 were taking @entity1245 . A subsample of 39 had clinical ratings for @entity308 . Regression analyses were conducted on the memory measures in this subsample, with negative symptoms, @entity308 , type of antipsychotic medication (conventional v. atypical), @entity1245 and anticholinergic drugs as predictors. RESULTS: Type of antipsychotic medication made no significant contribution to @entity2414 and @entity1245 use made very little contribution. However, anticholinergic medication was a predictor of @entity2414 , especially with regard to semantic organization. Complementary analyses revealed that @entity1 taking any type of drug with anticholinergic activity ( @entity5662 and/or antipsychotic agents) were significantly impaired relative to the other @entity1 on measures reflecting free recall efficiency and semantic organization. CONCLUSIONS: Drugs with anticholinergic activity are the major pharmacological agents that contribute to the verbal memory deficit observed in @entity1 with @entity161 . These drugs appear to act by impeding semantic organization at encoding.

title: Medications and verbal XXXX in @entity161 : the role of anticholinergic drugs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine', 'benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity5662 :: ('MESH:D001590', 'Chemical') :: ['benztropine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairments', 'memory deficits', 'memory impairment', 'battery of verbal memory tasks']

answer: @entity2414 :: (MESH:D008569,Disease) :: ['memory impairment']