abstract: The activities of @entity855 : @entity1792 lyase (ACL; EC 4. 1. 3. 8), @entity6211 acetyltransferase (CAT; EC 2. 3. 1. 7), @entity1110 +-dependent @entity9275 dehydrogenase (ICDH; EC 1. 1. 1. 42), @entity28436 ( @entity28436 ; EC 4. 1. 3. 1) and malic enzyme ( @entity5910 dehydrogenase; EC 1. 1. 1. 40) were measured in four oleaginous @entity375 , Candida curvata D, Trichosporon cutaneum and two strains of Rhodosporidium toruloides, grown either to accumulate lipid, or to utilize their own lipid reserves or an exogenous supply of lipid. During lipid utilization, activities of ACL and malic enzyme diminished to low levels; CAT and @entity28436 increased considerably in activity and ICDH activity was slightly increased but catalase (EC 1. 11. 1. 6) diminished in activity in both strains of R. toruloides. In all cases, @entity375 utilizing exogenous lipid showed greater changes in enzyme activities than cells utilizing their endogenous reserves. Electron micrographs of Candida curvata D showed proliferation of peroxisomes in starved cells utilizing their own lipid reserve though peroxisomes were more in evidence when the @entity375 had been grown on exogenous lipid. In Lipomyces starkeyi, which shows only minimal utilization of its stored lipid and furthermore cannot grow on exogenous lipid, only the occasional peroxisome was seen when cells were starved of @entity505 .

title: Enzyme activities in oleaginous XXXX accumulating and utilizing exogenous or endogenous lipids.

entities_list: @entity6211 :: ('MESH:D002331', 'Chemical') :: ['carnitine']

entities_list: @entity28436 :: ('MESH:D056807', 'Disease') :: ['ICL', 'isocitrate lyase']

entities_list: @entity9275 :: ('MESH:C034219', 'Chemical') :: ['isocitrate']

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeasts']


abstract: Intraluminal manometry is a tool commonly used to record motility in the @entity1 digestive tract. The recorded signal results from a combination of factors, including the hydrodynamic pressure transmitted through the intestinal contents due to contraction of the gut wall and the force of the gut wall acting on the sensors in regions of a luminal occlusion. However, the actual relationships between small bowel wall contraction, the measured intraluminal pressure, and the resultant flow have not been directly addressed. Video recording and high-resolution fiber-optic manometry were used to create spatiotemporal video maps of diameter and intraluminal pressure from isolated segments of @entity95 small intestine. In the unstimulated gut, @entity2472 were the only detectable motor pattern; circular muscle contractions were elicited by distension or @entity2929 (1  M). @entity2472 were not lumen-occlusive, although they caused measurable low-amplitude changes in pressure. Localized nonpropagating circular muscle contractions caused small localized, nonpropagating peaks of intraluminal pressure. Propagating contractions of circular muscle evoked larger, propagating pressure changes that were associated with outflow. Propagating circular muscle contractions often caused dilation of aboral receiving segments, corresponding to "common cavities"; these were propulsive, despite their low intraluminal pressure. The highest-amplitude pressure events were caused by lumen-occlusive circular muscle contractions that squeezed directly against the catheter. These data allow us to define the complex relationships between wall motion, intraluminal pressure, and flow. A strong correlation between circular and longitudinal muscle contraction and intraluminal pressure was demonstrated. Common-cavity pressure events, caused by propulsion of content by circular muscle contractions into a receptive segment, were often of low amplitude but were highly propulsive. Studies of wall motion in isolated preparations, combined with manometry, can assist in interpretation of pressure recordings in vivo.

title: Temporal relationships between wall motion, intraluminal pressure, and flow in the isolated XXXX small intestine.

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal muscle contractions', 'Longitudinal muscle contractions']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: PURPOSE: The long-term outcome in @entity1645 complex is poorly understood. Traditional neurosurgical outcome measures are crude. Neuropsychological testing is increasingly important in outcome assessment. We investigated the health, disability, lifestyle and cognitive function in adults who had myelomeningocoele closure at birth. METHODS: Adult @entity1 under routine follow-up were assessed in a joint neurosurgery/neuropsychology clinic. @entity1 completed lifestyle questionnaires, the @entity1276 outcome questionnaire (HOQ) and underwent cognitive testing. Clinical variables including number of shunt revisions, @entity281 and surgical decompression of foramen magnum, which may influence outcome, were investigated. RESULTS: Twenty-one adults with a median age of 35 years were investigated. All had treated @entity1276 , and eight had foramen magnum decompression for @entity10 or progressive @entity1109 with stabilisation of symptoms in seven and improvement in one. Only eight @entity1 were living independently, five were in paid employment and five work voluntarily. HOQ scores for cognitive function were lower (0.56    0.20; mean    standard deviation (SD)) than those for physical (0.64    0.15) and @entity3156 . Cognitive function varied across the cohort with attention most severely affected (73.9    17.0; mean    SD). Repeated episodes of @entity5033 or foramen magnum decompression were not associated with a worse cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: Despite intervention in childhood and adequate cerebrospinal fluid diversion the prognosis for independent living into adulthood remains poor. All @entity1 have elements of @entity73 . @entity75 may be more important determinants of cognitive outcome than @entity5033 .

title: Cognitive and functional outcome in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Structural brain abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity1645 :: ('MESH:D001139', 'Disease') :: ['spina bifida-Chiari II-hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['brainstem symptoms']

entities_list: @entity3156 :: ('MESH:C566917', 'Disease') :: ['social-emotional (0.65    0.17) health']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['shunt infection']

entities_list: @entity5033 :: ('MESH:C562451', 'Disease') :: ['shunt malfunction']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1645 :: (MESH:D001139,Disease) :: ['spina bifida-Chiari II malformation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a re-laparoscopic approach to manage @entity834 after minimally invasive colorectal resection and to compare its clinical outcomes with those obtained using an open approach. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data from 1714 @entity1 who underwent @entity14 resection from September 2006 to August 2009 at the Korea University Medical Center. Clinical data from a total of 57 surgery @entity1 who developed @entity834 were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-six leakage cases were managed laparoscopically, whereas the remaining 31 leakage cases were managed using an open approach. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or other clinical features between @entity1 in the two groups. The total operation time was shorter in the laparoscopic group (107.3        68.1 minutes) than in the open group (126.5        50.1 minutes), but this difference was not statistically significant (P   =   .230). Six cases in each group required additional procedures such as reoperation or percutaneous intervention (P   =   .126). There was one case of postoperative mortality in the open group. Median (quartiles 25%-75%) number of days required to resume a soft diet tended to be shorter in the laparoscopic group than the open group (5 [3-7] versus 6 [5-10] days; P   =   .057). @entity1 in both groups showed similar postoperative complications including intraabdominal abscess; however, the incidence of @entity2737 was significantly lower in the laparoscopic group than the open group (3.8% versus 25.8%; P   =   .031). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with conventional open treatment of @entity834 , the laparoscopic approach resulted in fewer wound complications and tendency of early recovery of bowel movement without an increase in adverse outcomes. Using a laparoscopic approach, all the advantages of minimally invasive surgery can be realized in @entity1 who develop @entity834 after minimally invasive surgery.

title: The role of laparoscopic approach for XXXX after minimally invasive surgery for @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['wound infection']

answer: @entity834 :: (MESH:D057868,Disease) :: ['anastomotic leakage']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a re-laparoscopic approach to manage @entity834 after minimally invasive colorectal resection and to compare its clinical outcomes with those obtained using an open approach. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data from 1714 @entity1 who underwent @entity14 resection from September 2006 to August 2009 at the Korea University Medical Center. Clinical data from a total of 57 surgery @entity1 who developed @entity834 were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-six leakage cases were managed laparoscopically, whereas the remaining 31 leakage cases were managed using an open approach. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or other clinical features between @entity1 in the two groups. The total operation time was shorter in the laparoscopic group (107.3        68.1 minutes) than in the open group (126.5        50.1 minutes), but this difference was not statistically significant (P   =   .230). Six cases in each group required additional procedures such as reoperation or percutaneous intervention (P   =   .126). There was one case of postoperative mortality in the open group. Median (quartiles 25%-75%) number of days required to resume a soft diet tended to be shorter in the laparoscopic group than the open group (5 [3-7] versus 6 [5-10] days; P   =   .057). @entity1 in both groups showed similar postoperative complications including intraabdominal abscess; however, the incidence of @entity2737 was significantly lower in the laparoscopic group than the open group (3.8% versus 25.8%; P   =   .031). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with conventional open treatment of @entity834 , the laparoscopic approach resulted in fewer wound complications and tendency of early recovery of bowel movement without an increase in adverse outcomes. Using a laparoscopic approach, all the advantages of minimally invasive surgery can be realized in @entity1 who develop @entity834 after minimally invasive surgery.

title: The role of laparoscopic approach for @entity834 after minimally invasive surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: With the correct selection of drug and @entity1 , the @entity460 antagonists as a group can be remarkably effective at relatively low cost of serious side effects. Almost all side effects are dose related. Minor side effects include those caused by vasodilation (flushing and @entity10 ), @entity1142 ( @entity1855 ), and ankle @entity4 . Serious side effects are rare and result from improper use of these agents, as when intravenous @entity1855 (or @entity3988 ) is given to @entity1 with @entity50 or @entity308 from @entity66 , or @entity594 to @entity1 with @entity472 . The potential of a marked negative inotropic effect is usually offset by afterload reduction, especially in the case of @entity594 which actually has the most marked negative inotropic effect. Yet caution is required when even @entity460 antagonists, especially @entity1855 , are given to @entity1 with @entity712 unless caused by @entity101 . Drug interactions of @entity460 antagonists occur with other cardiovascular agents such as alpha-adrenergic blockers, beta-adrenergic blockers, digoxin, @entity5126 , and @entity7306 . The most marked interaction with digoxin is that with @entity1855 , which may raise digoxin levels by over 50%. Combination therapy of @entity460 antagonists with beta-blockers is increasingly common, and is probably safest in the case of @entity19346 . Other combinations being explored are those with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and diuretics.

title: XXXX channel antagonists. Part IV: Side effects and contraindications drug interactions and combinations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular nodal depression']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial failure']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['drugs or disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive heart disease']

entities_list: @entity19346 :: ('MESH:D004095', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydropyridines']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity5126 :: ('MESH:D011802', 'Chemical') :: ['quinidine']

entities_list: @entity7306 :: ('MESH:D004206', 'Chemical') :: ['disopyramide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: Advances in deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapeutics for neurological and @entity146 represent a new clinical avenue that may potentially augment or adjunct traditional pharmacological approaches to disease treatment. Using modern molecular biology and genomics, pharmacological development proceeds through an albeit lengthy and expensive pipeline from candidate compound to preclinical and clinical trials. Such a pathway, however, is lacking in the field of neurostimulation, with developments arising from a selection of early sources and motivated by diverse fields including surgery and neuroscience. In this chapter, I propose that biophysical models of connected brain networks optimized using empirical neuroimaging data from @entity1 and healthy controls can provide a principled computational pipeline for testing and developing neurostimulation interventions. @entity3628 ( @entity3628 ) provides such a computational framework, serving as a method to test effective connectivity between and within regions of an active brain network. Importantly, the methodology links brain dynamics with behavior by directly assessing experimental task effects under different behavioral or cognitive sets. Therefore, healthy brain dynamics in circuits of interest can be defined mathematically with stimulation interventions in pathological counterparts simulated with the goal of restoring normal functionality. In this chapter, I outline the dynamic characterization of brain circuits using @entity3628 and propose a blueprint for testing in silico, the effects of stimulation in @entity179 affecting cognition. In particular, the models can be simulated to test whether neuroimaging correlates of nondiseased brain dynamics can be reinstantiated in a pathological setting using DBS. Thus, the key advantage of this framework is that distributed effects of DBS on neural circuitry and network connectivity can be predicted in silico. The chapter also includes a review of how @entity3628 has been used to characterize the effects of DBS in @entity191 .

title: Deep brain stimulation for XXXX : A computational blueprint using dynamic causal modeling.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity3628 :: ('MESH:D004195', 'Disease') :: ['DCM', 'Dynamic causal modeling']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorders']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['neurodegenerative disease']


abstract: Increasingly longer @entity661 times during coronary angioplasty can create significant left @entity63 , amelioration of which was attempted in this study using @entity1242 . Hemodynamic variables were assessed during inflation of an angioplasty balloon in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery of 10 @entity1 . Regional wall motion was assessed by left ventriculography during a @entity661 . @entity1242 (200 micrograms) was then administered intravenously, and hemodynamic and ventriculographic assessments during balloon inflations were repeated. Balloon inflation resulted in a marked increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (from 9.2 +/- 2.1 to 19.4 +/- 2.9 mm Hg) and time constant of left ventricular relaxation (from 44.2 +/- 6.2 to 62.3 +/- 11.3 ms) and a decrease in distal coronary artery perfusion pressure (from 54 +/- 9 to 33.1 +/- 4 mm Hg). Time to onset of angina was 29 +/- 3 seconds and time to @entity308 of 1 mm or greater was 30 +/- 3 seconds. Regional wall motion analysis 30 seconds after onset of @entity661 revealed marked @entity2845 and @entity910 in the anteroapical segments with graduated depression of inferior wall motion, greatest at the apex. After the administration of @entity1242 , @entity661 resulted in a smaller increase in end-diastolic pressure (from 5.0 +/- 2.7 to 8.3 +/- 2.6 mm Hg) and time constant (from 47.9 +/- 4.7 to 54.4 +/- 9.2 ms; both p less than 0.01 versus @entity661 ). Distal coronary artery pressure remained similar to @entity661 (32 +/- 3 mm Hg) despite lower mean arterial pressure (89 +/- 5 mm Hg, p less than or equal to 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Amelioration by XXXX of left @entity63 induced by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: assessment by hemodynamic variables and left ventriculography.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['ST segment depression']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitroglycerin', 'nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular ischemia']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['akinesia']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinesia']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['separate balloon inflation', 'standard balloon inflation', 'balloon inflation']

answer: @entity1242 :: (MESH:D005996,Chemical) :: ['nitroglycerin']


abstract: Increasingly longer @entity661 times during coronary angioplasty can create significant left @entity63 , amelioration of which was attempted in this study using @entity1242 . Hemodynamic variables were assessed during inflation of an angioplasty balloon in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery of 10 @entity1 . Regional wall motion was assessed by left ventriculography during a @entity661 . @entity1242 (200 micrograms) was then administered intravenously, and hemodynamic and ventriculographic assessments during balloon inflations were repeated. Balloon inflation resulted in a marked increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (from 9.2 +/- 2.1 to 19.4 +/- 2.9 mm Hg) and time constant of left ventricular relaxation (from 44.2 +/- 6.2 to 62.3 +/- 11.3 ms) and a decrease in distal coronary artery perfusion pressure (from 54 +/- 9 to 33.1 +/- 4 mm Hg). Time to onset of angina was 29 +/- 3 seconds and time to @entity308 of 1 mm or greater was 30 +/- 3 seconds. Regional wall motion analysis 30 seconds after onset of @entity661 revealed marked @entity2845 and @entity910 in the anteroapical segments with graduated depression of inferior wall motion, greatest at the apex. After the administration of @entity1242 , @entity661 resulted in a smaller increase in end-diastolic pressure (from 5.0 +/- 2.7 to 8.3 +/- 2.6 mm Hg) and time constant (from 47.9 +/- 4.7 to 54.4 +/- 9.2 ms; both p less than 0.01 versus @entity661 ). Distal coronary artery pressure remained similar to @entity661 (32 +/- 3 mm Hg) despite lower mean arterial pressure (89 +/- 5 mm Hg, p less than or equal to 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Amelioration by @entity1242 of left XXXX induced by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: assessment by hemodynamic variables and left ventriculography.

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ventricular ischemia']


abstract: Inotropic responses to @entity3044 of hypertrophied hearts have been shown to be decreased. We have previously reported that in 13-week-old spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR) this decrease is probably due to decreased beta-adrenergic receptor number, while in hearts from two kidney-one clip renal @entity101 @entity35 (2K-1C RHR), this is due to a decreased @entity377 regulatory protein activity. We now show that changes in 2K-1C RHR are time dependent. One week after instituting development of @entity101 the heart is already hypertrophied. Biochemical changes consistent with decreased glucagon receptors are seen, as well as beginning changes consistent with decreases in the @entity377 regulatory protein activity. By two weeks this is more evident. @entity1184 and biochemical changes can be reversed up to six weeks, but by ten weeks the activity of the catalytic subunit of the adenylate cyclase system is decreased. In 1K-1C RHR, biochemical changes in the cyclase system are accelerated as compared with the 2K-1C model. In SHR, changes in 24-week-old @entity35 are the same as in the 13-week-old @entity35 . It is concluded that in @entity1283 associated with different models of @entity101 the decreased inotropic responsiveness to @entity3044 is associated with different biochemical defects in the beta-adrenergic receptor response coupling pathway, and that reversal in function occurs only when there is no apparent change in the catalytic subunit of the adenylate cyclase complex.

title: Adenylate cyclase activity during development and reversal of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

answer: @entity1283 :: (MESH:D006332,Disease) :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6713 occurs in 50% of @entity1 aged > 40 years and is the most common reason for anorectal surgery. @entity158 is the main complication. Multiple topical and systemic drugs have been investigated for @entity158 control, but there is no ideal treatment. @entity868 has been shown to decrease @entity282 but is not used widely. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of oral @entity868 versus placebo and to assess @entity282 following hemorrhoidectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Controlled clinical trial in adult @entity1 who underwent elective hemorrhoidectomy for grade III/IV @entity6713 . @entity1 were assigned to receive @entity868 (500 mg q8 h orally; study group, SG) or placebo (control group, CG) for 7 days after surgery. @entity158 was assessed using a visual analog scale after surgery. Analgesic administration (time and use of analgesics) and resumption of daily life activities were also assessed. RESULTS: Forty-four @entity1 were included, 22 in each group. @entity282 differed significantly between the SG and CG at 6 h (3.86    0.56, 6.64    1.49), 12 h (5.59    1.33, 8.82    0.79), 24 h (6.86    1.49, 9.73    0.45), day 4 (5.32    2.10, 9.50    0.59), day 7 (3.14    1.03, 7.36    1.39), and day 14 (2.14    0.46, 5.45    1.29). The first analgesia dose was required at 21.27    5.47 h in the CG and 7.09    2.36 h in the SG (p < 0.05), the time of analgesic use was 6.86    1.61 days in the CG and 13.09    2.48 days in the SG (p < 0.05), and resumption of daily activities occurred at 7.59    1.56 days in the CG and 14.73    3.76 days in the SG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Oral administration of @entity868 is effective in @entity158 management after hemorrhoidectomy.

title: Efficacy of @entity868 versus placebo in XXXX control after hemorrhoidectomy. Results of a controlled clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole', 'Metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity6713 :: ('MESH:D006484', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhoids', 'Hemorrhoidal disease']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain', 'Postoperative pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6713 occurs in 50% of @entity1 aged > 40 years and is the most common reason for anorectal surgery. @entity158 is the main complication. Multiple topical and systemic drugs have been investigated for @entity158 control, but there is no ideal treatment. @entity868 has been shown to decrease @entity282 but is not used widely. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of oral @entity868 versus placebo and to assess @entity282 following hemorrhoidectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Controlled clinical trial in adult @entity1 who underwent elective hemorrhoidectomy for grade III/IV @entity6713 . @entity1 were assigned to receive @entity868 (500 mg q8 h orally; study group, SG) or placebo (control group, CG) for 7 days after surgery. @entity158 was assessed using a visual analog scale after surgery. Analgesic administration (time and use of analgesics) and resumption of daily life activities were also assessed. RESULTS: Forty-four @entity1 were included, 22 in each group. @entity282 differed significantly between the SG and CG at 6 h (3.86    0.56, 6.64    1.49), 12 h (5.59    1.33, 8.82    0.79), 24 h (6.86    1.49, 9.73    0.45), day 4 (5.32    2.10, 9.50    0.59), day 7 (3.14    1.03, 7.36    1.39), and day 14 (2.14    0.46, 5.45    1.29). The first analgesia dose was required at 21.27    5.47 h in the CG and 7.09    2.36 h in the SG (p < 0.05), the time of analgesic use was 6.86    1.61 days in the CG and 13.09    2.48 days in the SG (p < 0.05), and resumption of daily activities occurred at 7.59    1.56 days in the CG and 14.73    3.76 days in the SG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Oral administration of @entity868 is effective in @entity158 management after hemorrhoidectomy.

title: Efficacy of XXXX versus placebo in @entity158 control after hemorrhoidectomy. Results of a controlled clinical trial.

answer: @entity868 :: (MESH:D008795,Chemical) :: ['metronidazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The contradictory results on the interaction between nutritional status and @entity311 warrants further investigation in various epidemiological settings, to assert the antagonistic or synergistic relationship. This study examines the prevalence, severity and predictors of @entity3147 and its influence on @entity311 and @entity417 severity in @entity1 in the Mount Cameroon area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 454 @entity1    <=   14  years was carried out from February to May 2013 in Muea community. Anthropometric measures of @entity3147 (z-scores   <   -2 standard deviations below mean) were obtained and spleen size assessed. The prevalence and density of @entity311 parasites were determined and haemoglobin concentration and white blood cell count obtained using an automated haematology analyzer. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate influence of @entity3147 on @entity417 , @entity311 and predictors respectively. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity3147 was 22.8  %, with stunting being the most common form (17.1  %), followed by underweight (8.2  %) and @entity5653 (5.5  %). Stunting was significantly higher (P   <   0.01) in males (23.1  %) than in females (11.9  %). The prevalence of @entity3147 was significantly highest (P   =   0.03) in @entity1  <=5  years old (29.5  %) than their counterparts. Severe stunting, @entity5653 and underweight were prevalent in 4.9  %, 1.6  % and 1.8  % of the @entity1 respectively. Clinical @entity311 was significantly higher (P   =   0.01) in @entity1 who were stunted (16.9  %) and underweight (21.6  %) than their normal counterparts (7.5  %; 8.2  % respectively). The model demonstrated sex (P   =   0.006) and age group 1.1-3 years (P   =   0.03) as significant predictors of @entity3147 . In @entity1 who were @entity311 parasite negative, the prevalence of @entity417 as well as severities were significantly higher (P   =   0.04 and P   =   0.001 respectively) in those malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of stunting in the community significantly augmented the prevalence and clinical presentation of Plasmodium infection. @entity3147 enhanced the severity of @entity417 in @entity311 parasite negative @entity1 hence, their health and growth potential needs to be improved upon.

title: Nutritional status of @entity1 in a XXXX meso endemic area: cross sectional study on prevalence, intensity, predictors, influence on @entity311 and @entity417 severity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition', 'Malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity311 :: ('MESH:D008288', 'Disease') :: ['malaria parasitaemia', 'malaria']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The contradictory results on the interaction between nutritional status and @entity311 warrants further investigation in various epidemiological settings, to assert the antagonistic or synergistic relationship. This study examines the prevalence, severity and predictors of @entity3147 and its influence on @entity311 and @entity417 severity in @entity1 in the Mount Cameroon area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 454 @entity1    <=   14  years was carried out from February to May 2013 in Muea community. Anthropometric measures of @entity3147 (z-scores   <   -2 standard deviations below mean) were obtained and spleen size assessed. The prevalence and density of @entity311 parasites were determined and haemoglobin concentration and white blood cell count obtained using an automated haematology analyzer. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate influence of @entity3147 on @entity417 , @entity311 and predictors respectively. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity3147 was 22.8  %, with stunting being the most common form (17.1  %), followed by underweight (8.2  %) and @entity5653 (5.5  %). Stunting was significantly higher (P   <   0.01) in males (23.1  %) than in females (11.9  %). The prevalence of @entity3147 was significantly highest (P   =   0.03) in @entity1  <=5  years old (29.5  %) than their counterparts. Severe stunting, @entity5653 and underweight were prevalent in 4.9  %, 1.6  % and 1.8  % of the @entity1 respectively. Clinical @entity311 was significantly higher (P   =   0.01) in @entity1 who were stunted (16.9  %) and underweight (21.6  %) than their normal counterparts (7.5  %; 8.2  % respectively). The model demonstrated sex (P   =   0.006) and age group 1.1-3 years (P   =   0.03) as significant predictors of @entity3147 . In @entity1 who were @entity311 parasite negative, the prevalence of @entity417 as well as severities were significantly higher (P   =   0.04 and P   =   0.001 respectively) in those malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of stunting in the community significantly augmented the prevalence and clinical presentation of Plasmodium infection. @entity3147 enhanced the severity of @entity417 in @entity311 parasite negative @entity1 hence, their health and growth potential needs to be improved upon.

title: Nutritional status of @entity1 in a @entity311 meso endemic area: cross sectional study on prevalence, intensity, predictors, influence on XXXX and @entity417 severity.

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria parasitaemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The contradictory results on the interaction between nutritional status and @entity311 warrants further investigation in various epidemiological settings, to assert the antagonistic or synergistic relationship. This study examines the prevalence, severity and predictors of @entity3147 and its influence on @entity311 and @entity417 severity in @entity1 in the Mount Cameroon area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 454 @entity1    <=   14  years was carried out from February to May 2013 in Muea community. Anthropometric measures of @entity3147 (z-scores   <   -2 standard deviations below mean) were obtained and spleen size assessed. The prevalence and density of @entity311 parasites were determined and haemoglobin concentration and white blood cell count obtained using an automated haematology analyzer. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate influence of @entity3147 on @entity417 , @entity311 and predictors respectively. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity3147 was 22.8  %, with stunting being the most common form (17.1  %), followed by underweight (8.2  %) and @entity5653 (5.5  %). Stunting was significantly higher (P   <   0.01) in males (23.1  %) than in females (11.9  %). The prevalence of @entity3147 was significantly highest (P   =   0.03) in @entity1  <=5  years old (29.5  %) than their counterparts. Severe stunting, @entity5653 and underweight were prevalent in 4.9  %, 1.6  % and 1.8  % of the @entity1 respectively. Clinical @entity311 was significantly higher (P   =   0.01) in @entity1 who were stunted (16.9  %) and underweight (21.6  %) than their normal counterparts (7.5  %; 8.2  % respectively). The model demonstrated sex (P   =   0.006) and age group 1.1-3 years (P   =   0.03) as significant predictors of @entity3147 . In @entity1 who were @entity311 parasite negative, the prevalence of @entity417 as well as severities were significantly higher (P   =   0.04 and P   =   0.001 respectively) in those malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of stunting in the community significantly augmented the prevalence and clinical presentation of Plasmodium infection. @entity3147 enhanced the severity of @entity417 in @entity311 parasite negative @entity1 hence, their health and growth potential needs to be improved upon.

title: Nutritional status of @entity1 in a @entity311 meso endemic area: cross sectional study on prevalence, intensity, predictors, influence on @entity311 and XXXX severity.

answer: @entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['anaemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The contradictory results on the interaction between nutritional status and @entity311 warrants further investigation in various epidemiological settings, to assert the antagonistic or synergistic relationship. This study examines the prevalence, severity and predictors of @entity3147 and its influence on @entity311 and @entity417 severity in @entity1 in the Mount Cameroon area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 454 @entity1    <=   14  years was carried out from February to May 2013 in Muea community. Anthropometric measures of @entity3147 (z-scores   <   -2 standard deviations below mean) were obtained and spleen size assessed. The prevalence and density of @entity311 parasites were determined and haemoglobin concentration and white blood cell count obtained using an automated haematology analyzer. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate influence of @entity3147 on @entity417 , @entity311 and predictors respectively. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity3147 was 22.8  %, with stunting being the most common form (17.1  %), followed by underweight (8.2  %) and @entity5653 (5.5  %). Stunting was significantly higher (P   <   0.01) in males (23.1  %) than in females (11.9  %). The prevalence of @entity3147 was significantly highest (P   =   0.03) in @entity1  <=5  years old (29.5  %) than their counterparts. Severe stunting, @entity5653 and underweight were prevalent in 4.9  %, 1.6  % and 1.8  % of the @entity1 respectively. Clinical @entity311 was significantly higher (P   =   0.01) in @entity1 who were stunted (16.9  %) and underweight (21.6  %) than their normal counterparts (7.5  %; 8.2  % respectively). The model demonstrated sex (P   =   0.006) and age group 1.1-3 years (P   =   0.03) as significant predictors of @entity3147 . In @entity1 who were @entity311 parasite negative, the prevalence of @entity417 as well as severities were significantly higher (P   =   0.04 and P   =   0.001 respectively) in those malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of stunting in the community significantly augmented the prevalence and clinical presentation of Plasmodium infection. @entity3147 enhanced the severity of @entity417 in @entity311 parasite negative @entity1 hence, their health and growth potential needs to be improved upon.

title: Nutritional status of XXXX in a @entity311 meso endemic area: cross sectional study on prevalence, intensity, predictors, influence on @entity311 and @entity417 severity.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the imaging manifestations of CT, MRI and pathological basis for hepatic capsular retraction syndrome caused by benign and malignant @entity96 .    METHODS: CT or MRI images and pathological features for hepatic capsular retraction syndrome were retrospectively analyzed in 50 @entity1 with benign and malignant @entity96 . Picture archive and communication system (PACS) was used to observe and compare the morphology, size, width, depth, edge of the capsular retraction and the status of liquid under the liver capsule. The structure, differentiation and proliferation of the @entity5 were analyzed under the microscope.    RESULTS: There were malignant @entity96 in 44 @entity1 and @entity5 in 6 @entity1 . The smooth or rough for the edge of capsular retraction was significant difference between the @entity5 and the @entity5 with three differentiated grades (all P<0.05). There were significant difference in the width and depth for capsule retraction with different amount of fibrous tissues (all P<0.05). The width and depth of capsule retraction were positively correlated to the size of the @entity5 (r=0.557, 0.309 respectively, both P<0.05).    CONCLUSION: Benign and malignant @entity99 may appear @entity2341 , but there are morphological differences between them. The differences are closely related with the lesion size, differentiated degree of @entity5 and fibrous tissue proliferation.

title: [Imaging manifestations and pathologic basis for hepatic capsular retraction syndrome caused by benign and malignant XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'benign tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2341 :: ('MESH:D004370', 'Disease') :: ['capsule retraction syndrome']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic tumors']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['liver tumors']


abstract: The severity of ischaemia in the left ventricle from total @entity1563 is modified by retrograde blood flow through collateral or overlapping vessels, but whether that is true for the right ventricle is not known. The consequences and extent of @entity16 from occlusion of the right coronary artery were studied in anaesthetised @entity235 . In group 1 (n = 9), the right coronary artery alone was occluded; in group 2 (n = 8), the right coronary artery and overlapping vessels from the left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries were occluded. Occlusion for 2 h caused right ventricular end diastolic pressure to increase by 2.8(SEM 0.4) mm Hg in group 1 (p less than 0.05) and by 1.9(0.5) mm Hg in group 2 (p less than 0.05). Fractional shortening in the ischaemic zone became @entity2845 in group 1: 12.0(1.4)% v 0.1(1.6)%; p less than 0.05; and @entity910 in group 2: 12.1(2.1)% v -1.2(0.9)%; p less than 0.05. In both groups, fractional shortening remained @entity308 during the ensuing 2 h of reperfusion. The incidence of right ventricular free wall @entity39 was 56% in group 1 but 100% in group 2 (p = 0.082). The area of @entity39 , expressed as a percentage of the area at risk, was 13.9(6.6)% in group 1 in contrast to 66.9(4.5)% in group 2 (p less than 0.05). Both groups had equal involvement of the @entity655 . We conclude that ligating epicardial overlapping vessels in addition to the right coronary artery produces a larger area of right ventricular free wall @entity39 .

title: Do overlapping vessels protect against @entity235 right ventricular infarction after XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic damage']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinetic']

entities_list: @entity655 :: ('MESH:C535504', 'Disease') :: ['subendocardial and subepicardial layers']

answer: @entity1563 :: (MESH:D054059,Disease) :: ['right coronary artery occlusion']


abstract: The severity of ischaemia in the left ventricle from total @entity1563 is modified by retrograde blood flow through collateral or overlapping vessels, but whether that is true for the right ventricle is not known. The consequences and extent of @entity16 from occlusion of the right coronary artery were studied in anaesthetised @entity235 . In group 1 (n = 9), the right coronary artery alone was occluded; in group 2 (n = 8), the right coronary artery and overlapping vessels from the left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries were occluded. Occlusion for 2 h caused right ventricular end diastolic pressure to increase by 2.8(SEM 0.4) mm Hg in group 1 (p less than 0.05) and by 1.9(0.5) mm Hg in group 2 (p less than 0.05). Fractional shortening in the ischaemic zone became @entity2845 in group 1: 12.0(1.4)% v 0.1(1.6)%; p less than 0.05; and @entity910 in group 2: 12.1(2.1)% v -1.2(0.9)%; p less than 0.05. In both groups, fractional shortening remained @entity308 during the ensuing 2 h of reperfusion. The incidence of right ventricular free wall @entity39 was 56% in group 1 but 100% in group 2 (p = 0.082). The area of @entity39 , expressed as a percentage of the area at risk, was 13.9(6.6)% in group 1 in contrast to 66.9(4.5)% in group 2 (p less than 0.05). Both groups had equal involvement of the @entity655 . We conclude that ligating epicardial overlapping vessels in addition to the right coronary artery produces a larger area of right ventricular free wall @entity39 .

title: Do overlapping vessels protect against XXXX right ventricular infarction after @entity1563 ?

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: Modulating the function of immune receptors with antibodies is ushering in a new era in @entity5 immunotherapy. With the notable exception of PD-1 blockade used as monotherapy, immune modulation can be associated with significant @entity137 that are expected to escalate with the development of increasingly potent immune therapies. A general way to reduce @entity137 is to target immune potentiating drugs to the @entity5 or immune cells of the @entity1 . This Crossroads article discusses a new class of nucleic acid-based immune-modulatory drugs that are targeted to the @entity5 or to the immune system by conjugation to oligonucleotide aptamer ligands. Cell-free chemically synthesized short oligonucleotide aptamers represent a novel and emerging platform technology for generating ligands with desired specificity that offer exceptional versatility and feasibility in terms of development, manufacture, and conjugation to an oligonucleotide cargo. In proof-of-concept studies, aptamer ligands were used to target immune-modulatory siRNAs or aptamers to induce neoantigens in the @entity5 cells, limit costimulation to the @entity5 lesion, or enhance the persistence of vaccine-induced immunity. Using increasingly relevant @entity19 models, the aptamer-targeted immune-modulatory drugs engendered protective antitumor immunity that was superior to that of current "gold-standard" therapies in terms of efficacy and lack of @entity137 or reduced @entity137 . To overcome immune exhaustion aptamer-targeted siRNA conjugates could be used to downregulate intracellular mediators of exhaustion that integrate signals from multiple inhibitory receptors. Recent advances in aptamer development and second-generation aptamer-drug conjugates suggest that we have only scratched the surface. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(11); 1195-200.   2015 AACR.

title: Reducing XXXX of Immune Therapy Using Aptamer-Targeted Drug Delivery.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Toxicity']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Adherence to international guidelines is viewed as a prerequisite for optimal medical care delivery. Previously reported surveys for non-muscle-invasive @entity150 (NMIBC) employed mailed questionnaires to urologists or @entity1 resulting in conflicting degrees of agreement with existing guidelines. In the current study, contemporary information on the management of NMIBC was generated from a sample of italian centers. @entity1 AND METHODS: Eight Italian referral centers for the treatment of NMIBC were asked to collect information relative to all consecutive @entity1 with a histology-proven NMIBC undergoing a transurethral resection from January 1 to March 31, 2009. The primary study objective was to verify the level of adherence of disease management with European guidelines. RESULTS: 344 @entity1 resulted in being evaluable. 49.2% of high-risk @entity1 underwent a repeat transurethral resection. Bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin was employed in 35% of cases, while chemotherapy was in 22%. An early single regimen was adopted in 136 @entity1 and only in 1 out of 3 low-risk @entity1 . High-risk NMIBC received bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin and chemotherapy as first-line therapy in 66 and 12.5% respectively. After 3 months, cystoscopy had been reported for 82.5% of @entity1 with a recurrence rate of 13%. CONCLUSION: Adherence of Italian Institutions to EAU guidelines was optimal when reporting baseline variables. Significant degrees of discrepancy emerged in treatment choices.

title: Are referral centers for non-muscle-invasive XXXX compliant to EAU guidelines? A report from the vesical antiblastic therapy Italian study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity772 @entity1 after @entity1167 have a poor prognosis. Approximately half never awakes as a result of severe @entity75 . Several neuroprotective agents have been tested, however without significant effect. In the present study, we used cultured neuronal networks as a model system to study the general synaptic damage caused by temporary severe @entity519 and the possibility to restrict it by ghrelin treatment. Briefly, we applied @entity519 ( @entity4095 lowered from 150 to 20  mmHg) during 6  h in 55 cultures. Three hours after restoration of normoxia, half of the cultures were treated with ghrelin for 24  h, while the other, non-supplemented, were used as a control. All cultures were processed immunocytochemically for detection of the synaptic marker @entity5473 . We observed that @entity519 led to drastic decline of the number of synapses, followed by some recovery after return to normoxia, but still below the prehypoxic level. Additionally, synaptic vulnerability was selective: large- and small-sized neurons were more susceptible to synaptic damage than the medium-sized ones. Ghrelin treatment significantly increased the synapse density, as compared with the non-treated controls or with the prehypoxic period. The effect was detected in all neuronal subtypes. In conclusion, exogenous ghrelin has a robust impact on the recovery of cortical synapses after @entity519 . It raises the possibility that ghrelin or its analogs may have a therapeutic potential for treatment of postanoxic @entity75 .

title: Acyl Ghrelin Improves Synapse Recovery in an In Vitro Model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy', 'diffuse postanoxic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['Comatose']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['Postanoxic Encephalopathy']


abstract: Therapies to prevent severe @entity4837 unconjugated @entity3638 and kernicterus are phototherapy and, in unresponsive cases, exchange transfusion, which has significant morbidity and mortality risks. @entity2359 is caused by the fraction of unconjugated @entity648 not bound to albumin (free @entity648 , Bf). Human serum albumin (HSA) administration was suggested to increase plasma @entity648 -binding capacity. However, its clinical use is infrequent due to difficulties to address its potential preventive and curative benefits, and to the absence of reliable markers to monitor @entity648 @entity2359 risk. We used a genetic @entity19 model of unconjugated @entity3638 showing severe @entity16 and @entity30440 . We treated mutant pups with repeated HSA administration since birth, without phototherapy application. Daily intraperitoneal HSA administration completely rescued @entity16 and lethality, depending on dosage and administration frequency. Albumin infusion increased plasma @entity648 -binding capacity, mobilizing @entity648 from tissues to plasma. This resulted in reduced plasma Bf, forebrain and cerebellum @entity648 levels. We showed that, in our experimental model, Bf is the best marker to determine the risk of developing @entity16 . These results support the potential use of albumin administration in severe acute @entity3638 conditions to prevent or treat @entity648 @entity2359 in situations in which exchange transfusion may be required.

title: Albumin administration prevents XXXX and death in a @entity19 model of severe @entity4837 @entity3638 .

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment', 'neurological damage']

entities_list: @entity30440 :: ('MESH:C537510', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal lethality']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity', 'Neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['neurological damage']


abstract: Therapies to prevent severe @entity4837 unconjugated @entity3638 and kernicterus are phototherapy and, in unresponsive cases, exchange transfusion, which has significant morbidity and mortality risks. @entity2359 is caused by the fraction of unconjugated @entity648 not bound to albumin (free @entity648 , Bf). Human serum albumin (HSA) administration was suggested to increase plasma @entity648 -binding capacity. However, its clinical use is infrequent due to difficulties to address its potential preventive and curative benefits, and to the absence of reliable markers to monitor @entity648 @entity2359 risk. We used a genetic @entity19 model of unconjugated @entity3638 showing severe @entity16 and @entity30440 . We treated mutant pups with repeated HSA administration since birth, without phototherapy application. Daily intraperitoneal HSA administration completely rescued @entity16 and lethality, depending on dosage and administration frequency. Albumin infusion increased plasma @entity648 -binding capacity, mobilizing @entity648 from tissues to plasma. This resulted in reduced plasma Bf, forebrain and cerebellum @entity648 levels. We showed that, in our experimental model, Bf is the best marker to determine the risk of developing @entity16 . These results support the potential use of albumin administration in severe acute @entity3638 conditions to prevent or treat @entity648 @entity2359 in situations in which exchange transfusion may be required.

title: Albumin administration prevents @entity16 and death in a @entity19 model of severe @entity4837 XXXX .

answer: @entity3638 :: (MESH:D006932,Disease) :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']


abstract: Therapies to prevent severe @entity4837 unconjugated @entity3638 and kernicterus are phototherapy and, in unresponsive cases, exchange transfusion, which has significant morbidity and mortality risks. @entity2359 is caused by the fraction of unconjugated @entity648 not bound to albumin (free @entity648 , Bf). Human serum albumin (HSA) administration was suggested to increase plasma @entity648 -binding capacity. However, its clinical use is infrequent due to difficulties to address its potential preventive and curative benefits, and to the absence of reliable markers to monitor @entity648 @entity2359 risk. We used a genetic @entity19 model of unconjugated @entity3638 showing severe @entity16 and @entity30440 . We treated mutant pups with repeated HSA administration since birth, without phototherapy application. Daily intraperitoneal HSA administration completely rescued @entity16 and lethality, depending on dosage and administration frequency. Albumin infusion increased plasma @entity648 -binding capacity, mobilizing @entity648 from tissues to plasma. This resulted in reduced plasma Bf, forebrain and cerebellum @entity648 levels. We showed that, in our experimental model, Bf is the best marker to determine the risk of developing @entity16 . These results support the potential use of albumin administration in severe acute @entity3638 conditions to prevent or treat @entity648 @entity2359 in situations in which exchange transfusion may be required.

title: Albumin administration prevents @entity16 and death in a @entity19 model of severe XXXX @entity3638 .

answer: @entity4837 :: (MESH:D007567,Disease) :: ['neonatal']


abstract: Therapies to prevent severe @entity4837 unconjugated @entity3638 and kernicterus are phototherapy and, in unresponsive cases, exchange transfusion, which has significant morbidity and mortality risks. @entity2359 is caused by the fraction of unconjugated @entity648 not bound to albumin (free @entity648 , Bf). Human serum albumin (HSA) administration was suggested to increase plasma @entity648 -binding capacity. However, its clinical use is infrequent due to difficulties to address its potential preventive and curative benefits, and to the absence of reliable markers to monitor @entity648 @entity2359 risk. We used a genetic @entity19 model of unconjugated @entity3638 showing severe @entity16 and @entity30440 . We treated mutant pups with repeated HSA administration since birth, without phototherapy application. Daily intraperitoneal HSA administration completely rescued @entity16 and lethality, depending on dosage and administration frequency. Albumin infusion increased plasma @entity648 -binding capacity, mobilizing @entity648 from tissues to plasma. This resulted in reduced plasma Bf, forebrain and cerebellum @entity648 levels. We showed that, in our experimental model, Bf is the best marker to determine the risk of developing @entity16 . These results support the potential use of albumin administration in severe acute @entity3638 conditions to prevent or treat @entity648 @entity2359 in situations in which exchange transfusion may be required.

title: Albumin administration prevents @entity16 and death in a XXXX model of severe @entity4837 @entity3638 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endovascular (EV) techniques are being advocated as the preferred method for mesenteric interventions because of their safety profile. However, midterm and long-term results are thought to be inferior to open interventions. We sought to compare our institutional experience with treatment of acute and chronic @entity5327 (AMI and CMI, respectively) using EV and open techniques. METHODS: The medical records of open and EV mesenteric procedures performed at a single center were queried from 2002 to 2012. Demographic, perioperative, and follow-up data were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty-eight @entity1 underwent EV mesenteric interventions, whereas 77 @entity1 underwent open revascularization. The demographic and perioperative characteristics for @entity1 were similar. Most EV procedures (89.2%) comprised stenting, whereas open procedures included 25 (32.1%) antegrade bypasses, 38 (48.7%) retrograde bypasses, 8 (10.3%) thromboembolectomies, and 7 (9%) transaortic endarterectomies. @entity260 , overall 30-day morbidity and mortality were not significantly different in the open and EV groups for AMI or CMI. Thirty-day mortality in AMI (n  =  34) was 38.2% (EV: 45.5% vs. open: 34.8%; P  =  nonsignificant). There was no mortality in either group for CMI @entity1 . Mean follow-up was much longer for the open procedures (34.9 vs. 12.7  months, P  =  0.004). Primary and secondary patency rates were better for open revascularization for CMI @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Open revascularizations are equally safe as EV interventions for AMI and CMI. Patency of open revascularization for CMI is better than EV procedures at midterm follow-up.

title: Open Mesenteric Interventions Are Equally Safe as Endovascular Interventions and Offer Better Midterm Patency for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric ischemia']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

answer: @entity5327 :: (MESH:D065666,Disease) :: ['Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To refine models to predict surgical morbidity and 90-day mortality after @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) for @entity43 (EOC). METHODS: @entity1 with stage IIIC/IV EOC who underwent @entity1104 with curative intent between 1/2/2003 and 12/30/2011 were included. @entity1 characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, and vital status were abstracted. Complications were graded using the Accordion classification. Nomograms were generated based on multivariate modeling. RESULTS: 138 (22.3%) of the 620 @entity1 who underwent @entity1104 experienced a grade>= 3 complication. Age (OR 1.21 per 10years increase in age), BMI (OR 1.35 for BMI<25kg/m(2) versus reference, OR 2.83 for BMI>= 40kg/m(2) versus reference), ASA score>= 3 (OR 1.49), stage (OR 1.69 stage IV) and surgical complexity (OR 2.32 high complexity versus intermediate) were predictive of an accordion grade>= 3 complication Within 90days of surgery, 55 (8.9%) @entity1 died. A multivariable model included age (OR 1.76 per 10year increase in age), ASA score>= 3 (OR 3.28), preoperative albumin<3.5 (OR 4.31), and BMI (OR 2.04 for BMI<25kg/m(2) versus reference, OR 3.64 for BMI>= 40kg/m(2) versus reference) was predictive of 90-day mortality. CONCLUSION: Using an independent cohort we report the importance of age, ASA score, preoperative albumin, FIGO stage, and surgical complexity, and BMI, to refine a prediction model for complications after @entity1104 for advanced EOC. This information is useful in preoperative counseling and can be utilized to aid in @entity1 -centered decision making and risk stratification.

title: Risk-prediction model of severe postoperative complications after @entity1104 for advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['advanced epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['PDS', 'primary debulking surgery']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Women', 'patient', 'Patient']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To refine models to predict surgical morbidity and 90-day mortality after @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) for @entity43 (EOC). METHODS: @entity1 with stage IIIC/IV EOC who underwent @entity1104 with curative intent between 1/2/2003 and 12/30/2011 were included. @entity1 characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, and vital status were abstracted. Complications were graded using the Accordion classification. Nomograms were generated based on multivariate modeling. RESULTS: 138 (22.3%) of the 620 @entity1 who underwent @entity1104 experienced a grade>= 3 complication. Age (OR 1.21 per 10years increase in age), BMI (OR 1.35 for BMI<25kg/m(2) versus reference, OR 2.83 for BMI>= 40kg/m(2) versus reference), ASA score>= 3 (OR 1.49), stage (OR 1.69 stage IV) and surgical complexity (OR 2.32 high complexity versus intermediate) were predictive of an accordion grade>= 3 complication Within 90days of surgery, 55 (8.9%) @entity1 died. A multivariable model included age (OR 1.76 per 10year increase in age), ASA score>= 3 (OR 3.28), preoperative albumin<3.5 (OR 4.31), and BMI (OR 2.04 for BMI<25kg/m(2) versus reference, OR 3.64 for BMI>= 40kg/m(2) versus reference) was predictive of 90-day mortality. CONCLUSION: Using an independent cohort we report the importance of age, ASA score, preoperative albumin, FIGO stage, and surgical complexity, and BMI, to refine a prediction model for complications after @entity1104 for advanced EOC. This information is useful in preoperative counseling and can be utilized to aid in @entity1 -centered decision making and risk stratification.

title: Risk-prediction model of severe postoperative complications after XXXX for advanced @entity43 .

answer: @entity1104 :: (MESH:D000267,Disease) :: ['primary debulking surgery']


abstract: Recombinant @entity1 @entity379 ) produced in @entity526 was labeled with 125I to study its binding to receptors of HeLa and lymphoblastoid cells. All the cell lines examined had receptors for @entity3692 , although the binding varied considerably among different cell lines. The binding of 125I- @entity3692 was competed up to 90% by the addition of unlabeled @entity3692 , although not by the addition of @entity3027 or -beta. By adding increasing concentrations of unlabeled @entity3692 to binding assays containing a constant amount of 125I- @entity3692 , we determined a KD of 3.7 and 6.3 X 10(-10) M for its binding to Daudi and HeLa cells, respectively. About 13,000 receptors per cell were present in Daudi and 5,000 in HeLa cells. The Mr of the @entity379 /receptor complex was determined by cross-linking experiments to be about 125,000. This complex is smaller than the @entity3027 /receptor complex that has a Mr of about 140,000. The @entity3692 receptor was down-regulated when HeLa cells were treated with this interferon, but not when these cells were treated with @entity2391 . These findings suggest that the receptors for @entity3027 and -gamma differ in several characteristics. The turnover of the @entity3692 receptor was measured by inhibiting protein synthesis with @entity1880 and the half-life of this receptor was found to be 2 h. The unglycosylated @entity3692 was bound to cellular receptors with an affinity similar to that previously reported for natural @entity379 . The lymphoblastoid cell lines examined had high affinity receptors for @entity3692 , but did not respond to treatment with this IFN with an induction of the synthesis of the enzyme (2'-5')oligo(A) synthetase, whereas HeLa cells responded to @entity3692 . The reason for the lack of response of lymphoblastoid cells is presently unknown.

title: Binding of XXXX recombinant 125I-interferon gamma to receptors on @entity1 cells.

entities_list: @entity1880 :: ('MESH:D003513', 'Chemical') :: ['cycloheximide']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon gamma (rIFN-gamma', 'IFN-gamma']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Recombinant @entity1 @entity379 ) produced in @entity526 was labeled with 125I to study its binding to receptors of HeLa and lymphoblastoid cells. All the cell lines examined had receptors for @entity3692 , although the binding varied considerably among different cell lines. The binding of 125I- @entity3692 was competed up to 90% by the addition of unlabeled @entity3692 , although not by the addition of @entity3027 or -beta. By adding increasing concentrations of unlabeled @entity3692 to binding assays containing a constant amount of 125I- @entity3692 , we determined a KD of 3.7 and 6.3 X 10(-10) M for its binding to Daudi and HeLa cells, respectively. About 13,000 receptors per cell were present in Daudi and 5,000 in HeLa cells. The Mr of the @entity379 /receptor complex was determined by cross-linking experiments to be about 125,000. This complex is smaller than the @entity3027 /receptor complex that has a Mr of about 140,000. The @entity3692 receptor was down-regulated when HeLa cells were treated with this interferon, but not when these cells were treated with @entity2391 . These findings suggest that the receptors for @entity3027 and -gamma differ in several characteristics. The turnover of the @entity3692 receptor was measured by inhibiting protein synthesis with @entity1880 and the half-life of this receptor was found to be 2 h. The unglycosylated @entity3692 was bound to cellular receptors with an affinity similar to that previously reported for natural @entity379 . The lymphoblastoid cell lines examined had high affinity receptors for @entity3692 , but did not respond to treatment with this IFN with an induction of the synthesis of the enzyme (2'-5')oligo(A) synthetase, whereas HeLa cells responded to @entity3692 . The reason for the lack of response of lymphoblastoid cells is presently unknown.

title: Binding of @entity1 recombinant 125I-interferon gamma to receptors on XXXX cells.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate @entity1 treated for impacted mandibular @entity235 through a combined surgical and orthodontic approach. STUDY DESIGN: The cases which were made button operations of impacted mandibular @entity235 were selected from 5100 panoramic radiographs taken from @entity1 who made use of our oral and maxillofacial surgery services between January 1998 to April 2006. All of these selected @entity1 were assessed radiographically. Pertinent information such as sex, age at the time of surgery, site of the unerupted tooth, space availability and any other associated pathoses were also recorded. These @entity1 were called again, and the condition of the mandibular @entity235 was evaluated with panoramic radiographs. If the tooth erupted in the right position and it was functional and asymptomatic, we assumed the treatment to be successful clinically. RESULTS: In the present study, from 5100 @entity1 , 69 @entity1 had impacted mandibular @entity235 and only 21 @entity1 ' teeth (a total of 23 teeth) were treated orthodontically. Sixteen impacted mandibular @entity235 teeth of 14 @entity1 erupted successfully. Two impacted @entity235 were extracted, and only one @entity235 tooth was transplanted to the normal position. Four @entity1 ended the treatment because of failure of eruption. CONCLUSION: If a mandibular @entity235 tooth is impacted, not only is surgical exposure sufficient but also traction force must be applied orthodontically after the surgical exposure. In addition, age influences the success of the treatment on impacted mandibular @entity235 teeth more than the position and impaction level of the teeth.

title: Evaluation of surgical-orthodontic treatments on impacted mandibular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['canine', 'canines']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canines']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predicting factors for the development of @entity1070 , its frequency and influencing factors after elective endovascular repair (EVAR) of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). METHODS: Data were prospectively collected in a unicenter observational study (tertiary center of [endo-] vascular surgery) and retrospectively evaluated in @entity1 who had undergone elective EVAR of @entity1028 . Vascular (lumbar arteries (LA) and inferior mesenteric artery, @entity439 ) and general @entity1 (habits, medication, basic diseases) as well as procedural characteristics, were analyzed for their association with the development of @entity1070 . Pre and postinterventional computed tomography (CT) scans were evaluated for @entity439 anatomy, in particular, postinterventional growth or shrinkage as well detection of an endoleak of each type. RESULTS: The study cohort included 82 @entity1 (mean age, 72 (52-87) years; 77 @entity1 , 93.9   %) throughout 36 months. The median follow-up period was 29.5 months (range, 1-57). Overall, 51 @entity1070 (62.2   %) were identified at any time during the postinterventional follow-up period. In the Cox regression, @entity1028 length was the only significant predictor (P   =   0.024; hazard ratio (HR), 1.07; 95   % confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.14). Thirteen @entity1 (15.8   %) underwent at least one secondary intervention. @entity439 growth was observed in four @entity1 because of an @entity1070 (4.9   %). No @entity1755 occurred in association with an isolated @entity1070 . CONCLUSION: The preoperative @entity1028 length (correlating with the number of LA) can be considered a risk factor for postinterventional occurrence of @entity1070 prompting to greater attention and possible preemptive therapy.

title: Length of XXXX and incidence of @entity1070 after endovascular repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['AAA rupture']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['endoleaks type II', 'endoleak type II']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm', 'Aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predicting factors for the development of @entity1070 , its frequency and influencing factors after elective endovascular repair (EVAR) of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). METHODS: Data were prospectively collected in a unicenter observational study (tertiary center of [endo-] vascular surgery) and retrospectively evaluated in @entity1 who had undergone elective EVAR of @entity1028 . Vascular (lumbar arteries (LA) and inferior mesenteric artery, @entity439 ) and general @entity1 (habits, medication, basic diseases) as well as procedural characteristics, were analyzed for their association with the development of @entity1070 . Pre and postinterventional computed tomography (CT) scans were evaluated for @entity439 anatomy, in particular, postinterventional growth or shrinkage as well detection of an endoleak of each type. RESULTS: The study cohort included 82 @entity1 (mean age, 72 (52-87) years; 77 @entity1 , 93.9   %) throughout 36 months. The median follow-up period was 29.5 months (range, 1-57). Overall, 51 @entity1070 (62.2   %) were identified at any time during the postinterventional follow-up period. In the Cox regression, @entity1028 length was the only significant predictor (P   =   0.024; hazard ratio (HR), 1.07; 95   % confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.14). Thirteen @entity1 (15.8   %) underwent at least one secondary intervention. @entity439 growth was observed in four @entity1 because of an @entity1070 (4.9   %). No @entity1755 occurred in association with an isolated @entity1070 . CONCLUSION: The preoperative @entity1028 length (correlating with the number of LA) can be considered a risk factor for postinterventional occurrence of @entity1070 prompting to greater attention and possible preemptive therapy.

title: Length of @entity1028 and incidence of XXXX after endovascular repair.

answer: @entity1070 :: (MESH:D057867,Disease) :: ['endoleaks type II']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore the correlation between the severity of radiotherapy-induced @entity35160 (RTG) and endothelial cell injury in local tissues in a @entity35 model. STUDY DESIGN: The RTG animal model was designed and used by our team. The @entity3136 index(OMI) was documented daily. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Staining of @entity6098 was utilized to identify endothelial cells in the RTG tissues. Apoptosis of endothelial cells in local lesions due to RTG was detected by the TUNEL assay. The dynamic relationship between the OMI and apoptotic endothelial cells was statistically analyzed by time. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The injury and apoptosis of endothelial cells were observed 3 day post-irradiation. The vascular lumens of the post-irradiation tongue lesions were irregular; @entity715 formation in the center of the lumens, unsmooth lumen walls and vasodilated vessels were observed. Also, endothelial cells detached from the basal membrane and were found in the lumens. The percentages (%) of apoptotic endothelial cells were 78.3    0.31 (5 day); 89.3    0.83 (8 day); 83.5    0.41 (14 day); 69.3    0.57 (21 day); and 47.3    0.59 (28 day). The OMI was correlated with the percentage of apoptotic endothelial cells (R=0.67, P=0.034). Summary, endothelial cell injury was correlated with the pathogenic condition of RTG.

title: The correlation between the severity of radiotherapy-induced XXXX and endothelial cell injury in local tissues in a @entity35 model.

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['Oral mucositis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity35160 :: (MESH:D005928,Disease) :: ['glossitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore the correlation between the severity of radiotherapy-induced @entity35160 (RTG) and endothelial cell injury in local tissues in a @entity35 model. STUDY DESIGN: The RTG animal model was designed and used by our team. The @entity3136 index(OMI) was documented daily. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Staining of @entity6098 was utilized to identify endothelial cells in the RTG tissues. Apoptosis of endothelial cells in local lesions due to RTG was detected by the TUNEL assay. The dynamic relationship between the OMI and apoptotic endothelial cells was statistically analyzed by time. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The injury and apoptosis of endothelial cells were observed 3 day post-irradiation. The vascular lumens of the post-irradiation tongue lesions were irregular; @entity715 formation in the center of the lumens, unsmooth lumen walls and vasodilated vessels were observed. Also, endothelial cells detached from the basal membrane and were found in the lumens. The percentages (%) of apoptotic endothelial cells were 78.3    0.31 (5 day); 89.3    0.83 (8 day); 83.5    0.41 (14 day); 69.3    0.57 (21 day); and 47.3    0.59 (28 day). The OMI was correlated with the percentage of apoptotic endothelial cells (R=0.67, P=0.034). Summary, endothelial cell injury was correlated with the pathogenic condition of RTG.

title: The correlation between the severity of radiotherapy-induced @entity35160 and endothelial cell injury in local tissues in a XXXX model.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) and its consequences on @entity1 's reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes have been well documented. Bangladesh is burdened with the high prevalence of @entity1004 and induced abortion/menstrual regulation. Understanding their association may benefit strategies to reduce termination of pregnancy (TOP). Therefore, this study assesses the association between experience of @entity1004 and TOP among married Bangladeshi @entity1 age 15-49 years. METHODS: This cross-sectional study is based on data from 10,146 married @entity1 of reproductive age from the Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey, 2007 (BDHS). A subset of interviews from currently married @entity1 , living with a husband and who had at least one pregnancy in the last 5  years (n   =   1875) were extracted. RESULTS: Results of this study showed that among the respondents, 31.4  % experienced physical and/or sexual @entity1004 : 13.4  % experienced only @entity458 and 25.8  % experienced only physical violence. 21.0  % respondents ever had a TOP and 5.8  % had a TOP in last 5  years. Physical @entity1004 was significantly associated with both TOP ever (OR   =   1.36; 95  % CI: 1.05-1.77) and TOP in last 5  years (OR   =   1.72; 95  % CI: 1.11-2.06). CONCLUSIONS: Prevention of @entity1004 which was associated with pregnancy termination may reduce the high incidence of termination of pregnancies in Bangladesh.

title: Intimate partner violence and termination of pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of married Bangladeshi XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['IPV', 'intimate partner violence']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual violence']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We retrospectively compared the oncologic outcome after segmentectomy versus lobectomy in @entity1 with clinical (c-) T1a N0 M0 @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) detected as a part-solid ground-glass nodule or purely solid nodule on thin-section computed tomography. METHODS: From 1997 to 2010, 312 @entity1 with c-T1a N0 M0 @entity1149 were determined to require a surgical approach categorized as segmentectomy or lobectomy. Preoperatively available data were collected using logistic regression analysis, and propensity matching was performed. Factors affecting local-regional recurrence were assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS: The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates for the 80 @entity1 who underwent segmentectomy were 97.5% and 83.5%, respectively, compared with 87.75% and 75.0%, respectively, for the 232 @entity1 who underwent lobectomy (p  = 0.019). Local-regional recurrence as the first relapse site was found in 3 the 80 segmentectomies (3.8%) of and in 15 of the 232 lobectomies (6.5%). The difference in local-regional recurrence-free survival in @entity1 undergoing segmentectomy compared with lobectomy was not significant (p  = 0.304). In 69 propensity score-matched pairs, there was no significant difference in the overall survival (p  = 0.442) or local-regional recurrence-free survival (p  = 0.717) between the two groups. Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards regression model identified lymphatic invasion as the only independent factor predicting local-regional recurrence (relative risk, 10.764; 95% confidence interval, 2.98 to 57.68). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the oncologic outcome of segmentectomy vs lobectomy is similar in this  cohort of c-T1a N0 M0 @entity1149 @entity1 . These results will be validated by large-scale, prospective, randomized trials.

title: Oncologic Outcomes of Segmentectomy Versus Lobectomy for Clinical T1a N0 M0 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer', 'NSCLC']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity5028 ( @entity5028 ) are under risk of @entity548 . It readily necessitates very complicated surgery and massive blood transfusion, and even leads to mortality. Cesarean hysterectomy (CH) is the procedure that is acknowledged worldwide, since it helps to minimize complications. CASE PRESENTATION: A @entity1 with dichorionic twin pregnancy underwent to cesarean section (CS) due to preliminary diagnosis of @entity8052 at her 35(th) week of pregnancy. Both of the placentas were left in situ. The @entity1 admitted with signs of @entity281 . @entity1661 was performed 7  weeks after CS. In the course of hysterectomy, 3 units of erythrocyte suspension and 2 units of fresh frozen plasma were transferred, whereas none was required during CS. CONCLUSION: Abandoning placenta in situ seems to be a logical alternative to the CH in @entity1 with @entity8052 in order to minimize complications related to massive blood transfusion and surgical technique. However, it appears to increase maternal morbidity due to maternal @entity281 in twin pregnancy.

title: What should we do to optimise outcome in twin pregnancy complicated with XXXX ? A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['massive bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5028 :: ('MESH:D010922', 'Disease') :: ['morbidly adherent placenta', 'MAP']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['Emergency total abdominal hysterectomy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity8052 :: ('MESH:D010921', 'Disease') :: ['placenta percreta']

answer: @entity8052 :: (MESH:D010921,Disease) :: ['placenta percreta']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity7244 results in more than 10% incidence of @entity64 and transient @entity63 attack. Using undersized angioplasty with off-label closed-cell Enterprise stent may be a feasible alternative option for treating @entity1 with @entity4522 who fail dual-antiplatelet medical therapy. The results of the authors' study are presented in this paper. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2013 and July 2014, 24 symptomatic @entity1 with a total of 30 intracranial arterial stenotic lesions refractory to medical therapy, who underwent undersized angioplasty and Enterprise stenting, were retrospectively reviewed in the authors' institution. The results evaluated include technical success rate, clinical outcome measured as modified Rankin Scale at presentation and follow-up, peri-procedural morbidity within 30 days and 1 year, and follow-up vessel patency. RESULTS: Stent deployment was successfully achieved in all stenotic lesions (30/30). Mean pre-stent and post-stent diameter residual stenosis was 81% and 18%, respectively. The peri-procedural complication rate during 30 days after stenting was 10% per lesion (3/30), including @entity932 , in-stent @entity715 and @entity385 . No further @entity1031 event or complication occurred in any @entity1 more than 30 days after stenting. Modified Rankin scale    <=   2 was observed in 64% and 83% of @entity1 at initial presentation and follow-up (mean 15.8 months), respectively. Imaging follow-up was available in 17 of 24 @entity1 (70.8%) and 20 of 30 treated lesions (66.6%) with a mean follow-up period of 15.4 months. Only one asymptomatic in-stent @entity256 occurred in 20 available lesions (5.0%). CONCLUSION: This preliminary study suggests that using undersized angioplasty and Enterprise stenting may effectively treat high-degree symptomatic @entity7244 with favorable clinical and angiographic outcome.

title: Undersized angioplasty and stenting of symptomatic XXXX with Enterprise: Evaluation of clinical and vascular outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity7244 :: ('MESH:D020765', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial arterial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

entities_list: @entity4522 :: ('MESH:D002537', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial atherosclerotic disease']

answer: @entity932 :: (MESH:D020300,Disease) :: ['intracranial tight stenosis']


abstract: Sequential hypertonic dialysis (SHD) was studied in two binephrectomized @entity1 over a period of 6 weeks. Each dialysis session comprised four periods of 45 min. The concentration of @entity1372 in the dialysate [ @entity2125 ] during the first period was 190 mmol/l and during the second period 140 mmol/l. The sequence was then repeated. The @entity1372 -free water clearance [C(ONa)] was calculated from the measurements of the ultrafiltrate clearance and of the @entity1372 clearance. Despite the short periods of hypertonic dialysis, C(ONa) was positive, suggesting that water was removed from the intracellular compartment as well as from the extracellular fluid. The transfer of fluid from the intracellular space improved circulatory stability during rapid removal of large volumes of fluid by ultrafiltration. SHD was also associated with increased removal of @entity972 and @entity1391 . Comparison of clinical parameters before and during SHD showed a tendency towards increased @entity1372 balance and the possibility of raised @entity65 . SHD stabilized blood volume during ultrafiltration, encouraging @entity11849 . SHD with this level of @entity2125 is only a study dialysis method.

title: Sequential hypertonic haemodialysis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity11849 :: ('MESH:D065766', 'Disease') :: ['removal of uraemic toxins']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular morbidity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peri-stent coronary evaginations may disturb flow and have been proposed as possible risk factor for late stent @entity715 . We describe incidence, predictors, and possible mechanisms of coronary evaginations 12 months after implantation of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS). METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and two BVS implanted in 90 @entity1 (age 63    13 years, 71 males, 14 @entity6 ) were analysed with angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) 12 months after implantation. Evaginations were identified as any hollow in the luminal vessel contour between well-apposed struts and were classified as major when extending >= 3 mm with a depth >= 10% of the BVS diameter. Fifty-five (54%) of the BVS (50(56%) of the @entity1 ) had at least one evagination (6.1    6.2 evaginations per BVS), with a mean volume of 1.9    1.9 mm(3). Major evaginations were only found in one @entity1 , and in-BVS @entity439 in three @entity1 (4BVS). The presence of evaginations was strongly associated with that of malapposition (P = 0.003) and strut @entity174 (P = 0.01). No association could be shown between the presence and volume of the evaginations and any clinical variable or the presence of uncovered struts (P > 0.5). Peri-strut low-intensity areas (PSLIA) were present in 29 (53%) of the BVS with evaginations and 12 (26%) of those without (P = 0.0049); their presence was independently associated with the presence, the number (P < 0.003) and volume of the evaginations (P = 0.004) and with that of strut @entity174 . CONCLUSIONS: Optical coherence tomography-detected evaginations are relatively common after BVS implantation, but, as for modern drug-eluting metallic stents, major evaginations are very rare. Optical coherence tomography evidence of immature neointima and strut @entity174 were associated with more severe development of evaginations.

title: Coronary evaginations and peri-scaffold XXXX following implantation of bioresorbable scaffolds: incidence, outcome, and optical coherence tomography analysis of possible mechanisms.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness in reducing large overjet between a prefabricated functional appliance (PFA) and a slightly modified @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ). SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: Public Dental Service, Gothenburg, Sweden. @entity1 , STUDY DESIGN, AND METHODS: A multicentre, prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted with @entity1 from 12 general dental practices. One hundred and five @entity1 with an Angle Class II, division 1 @entity3232 and an overjet of >= 6mm were eligible for the study. Eight @entity1 were excluded due to various reasons and the sample consisted thus of 97 subjects (44 @entity1 , 53 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 10.3 years. The study was designed as intention to treat and the @entity1 were randomly allocated by lottery to treatment with either a PFA or an @entity3457 . The PFA and @entity3457 group consisted of 57 subjects (28 @entity1 , 29 @entity1 ) and 40 subjects (16 @entity1 , 24 @entity1 ), respectively. Overjet, @entity2632 , lip seal, and sagittal molar relationship were recorded before, at the end of treatment and 1-year post-treatment. Blinding was not performed. The endpoint of treatment was set to overjet  <=3mm and after this a 6 months retention period followed. RESULTS: No significant difference was found in overjet, @entity2632 , sagittal relation, and lip seal between the two groups for the total observation period. The treatment of 40 (70 per cent) @entity1 with PFA and 21 (53 per cent) with @entity3457 were considered unsuccessful mainly due to poor compliance. LIMITATIONS: No cephalometric records were taken as only @entity1 -centred clinical outcome were used as an indicator for treatment success. The criteria of reduction of overjet to as low as 3mm could have affected the success rate. CONCLUSION: No difference in effectiveness could be shown between PFAs and AAs in correcting overjet, @entity2632 , sagittal molar relation, and lip seal. The success rate in treatment with both appliances is, however, low. REGISTRATION: This trial was registered in "FoU i Sverige" (http://www.fou.nu/is/sverige), registration number: 97131. PROTOCOL: The protocol was not published before trial commencement.

title: Treatment of large overjet in Angle Class II: division 1 XXXX with Andresen activators versus prefabricated functional appliances-a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['AA', 'Andresen activator']

entities_list: @entity3232 :: ('MESH:D008310', 'Disease') :: ['malocclusion']

answer: @entity3232 :: (MESH:D008310,Disease) :: ['malocclusion']


abstract: Five cases of @entity438 are reported with special emphasis on the initial CT findings of these cases. One case was already reported by Endo (1974). The cases are three in @entity1 and two in adults, male four cases and female one case. Four cases had @entity6075 , one open. Consciousness level on admission were diversely from clear to semicomatose. Three cases experienced @entity397 of @entity439 . Time of diagnosis from @entity130 was from two days to 34 days. Location of @entity439 were near the junction of callosomarginal artery three cases, frontopolar artery one case, and A1-A2 junction one case. Operation was performed in four cases. Results were good in three cases and fair in a case. A case of no operation had fracture of anterior skull base and died from massive @entity1415 . Autopsy showed an @entity439 of A1-A2 junction, extending to sphenoid sinus. Histological findings of aneurysmal walls were @entity2849 in all cases. There were 48 cases of @entity438 in the literature. Most of cases are near the junction of callosomarginal artery. As the etiology of the @entity439 it is said that falx cerebri damages the arterial wall. We consider tear of junction of callosomarginal artery is a important factor, since the brain can easily move at the anterior portion of falx. It is very difficult to diagnosis traumatic @entity439 before @entity397 . But in our three cases of @entity438 , computed tomographies of very early stage of @entity130 showed interhemispherical high density area, @entity1410 and @entity548 of corpus callosum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Traumatic anterior cerebral XXXX --experiences in 4 cases and review of the literature].

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['nasal and oral bleeding']

entities_list: @entity6075 :: ('MESH:D016489', 'Disease') :: ['closed head injury']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic anterior cerebral artery aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['artery aneurysms']


abstract: Fifty three consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 underwent two-dimensional echocardiography 1-3 days after admission. In order to (1) determine if this procedure can detect regional ventricular asynergy in an unselected series of @entity1 . (2) to determine whether the procedure can identify @entity1 at high risk for @entity1455 , before the onset of hemodynamic deterioration and (3) to identify the inmmediate complications of @entity583 . For purposes of analysis of the present protocol, the ventricles were divided in a system of walls, segments and levels resulting in 22 potential regions. Technically satisfactory two-dimensional echocardiographic studies were obtained in 48 @entity1 (90.56%). Of 1056 possible segments in the 48 @entity1 all were deemed adequate for analysis. Akinesis was detected in 2 segments (0.18%), dyskinesis in 45 segments (4.26%), hypokinesis in 170 (16.09%), @entity2915 15 (1.42%) and normal 824 (78.03%). The more segments damaged were observed by two dimensional echo, the more clinical and hemodinamically compromised status of the @entity1 was assessed. The immediate complications were as follows: Pericardial effusion 20 cases (45.45%), @entity67 14 (31.81%), mural @entity715 (13.63%) @entity121 3 (16.81%) ruptured septum in 1 (2.27%). Thus two-dimensional echocardiography performed soon after admission to the coronary care unit is technically feasible, provides useful information concerning regional and global left ventricular function and offers important predictive information about @entity1 early in @entity583 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Evaluation and identification of the extension of acute XXXX and its complications by bidimensional echocardiography].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkinesis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dyskinesis']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['papillary muscle dysfunction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarct']


abstract: Functional recovery with surgical revascularization of acutely ischemic myocardium has not been compared with its nonsurgical counterpart in experimental preparations of @entity1563 . This study compares the functional and metabolic recovery of ischemic (1 hr @entity1563 ) segments revascularized either by restoration of coronary patency (simulating nonsurgical recanalization, e.g., angioplasty) or by surgical revascularization with multidose hypothermic @entity972 blood cardioplegic solution. Twenty-two anesthetized open-chest @entity235 were instrumented with Millar micromanometer-tip catheters to measure left ventricular and aortic pressures. Piezoelectric ultrasonic dimension gauges were implanted in the subendocardium supplied by the left anterior descending coronary artery to measure segmental contractile function. In five @entity235 , only biopsy samples were obtained for control measurements of @entity855 , @entity1734 , and tissue water content. In the remaining 17 @entity235 , the left anterior descending artery and collaterals were ligated for 1 hr. The ligatures were removed in eight @entity235 and coronary perfusion continued for 2 hr, simulating nonsurgical reperfusion. The remaining nine @entity235 were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass and the hearts were arrested for 1 hr with multidose (every 20 min) blood cardioplegic solution enhanced with @entity2227 and @entity492 , simulating surgical revascularization (coronary artery bypass grafting). The coronary ligatures were not released until the second cardioplegic infusion, simulating graft placement. One hour of @entity1563 placed 39.4 +/- 2.5% of the left ventricle at risk, and converted active systolic shortening to persistent paradoxical bulging (25.2 +/- 2.2% to -5.8 +/- 1.2% systolic shortening).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Immediate functional recovery and avoidance of reperfusion injury with surgical revascularization of short-term XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1734 :: ('CHEBI:17287', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine phosphate']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity1563 :: (MESH:D054059,Disease) :: ['coronary occlusion']