abstract: We prospectively studied the risk of secondary transmission of invasive @entity327 type b (Hib) disease among @entity1 in day care in @entity6476 . We established a statewide surveillance system for the reporting of all forms of invasive @entity6932 from physicians, clinical laboratories, county health departments, and infection control practitioners from all hospitals in and bordering @entity6476 . For the 2-year period March 15, 1984, to March 15, 1986, there were 409 culture-confirmed cases of invasive @entity6932 in @entity1 12 years of age or younger; 147 (37%) case- @entity1 attended day care. When a case- @entity1 attended day care during the week before illness, we prospectively identified and observed all classroom contacts (n = 2147) for the next 60 days. Of 1253 classroom contacts younger than 4 years of age, seven (0.6%) secondary cases were identified. Isolates from all paired index and secondary cases had identical @entity34200 ( @entity34200 ) patterns. Strains causing @entity66 were indistinguishable by @entity34200 distribution from those causing secondary disease. Of 685 classroom contacts younger than 2 years of age from whom @entity1215 use was ascertained, five (1.7%) of 292 who did not receive @entity1215 became secondary cases, compared with one (0.3%) of 393 who received @entity1215 (rate ratio 6.7; 95% confidence limits 1.1, 42.5; P less than 0.05). Of 495 classroom contacts 24 to 47 months of age for whom @entity1215 use was ascertained, one (0.5%) of 194 who did not receive @entity1215 became a secondary case, compared with none of 301 who received @entity1215 . This experience indicates that secondary transmission of invasive @entity6932 can be appreciable in day care settings, particularly in @entity1 younger than 2 years of age, and that @entity1215 prophylaxis reduces this risk.

title: Transmission of invasive XXXX type b disease in day care settings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity34200 :: ('4975', 'Gene') :: ['outer membrane protein', 'OMP']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity327 :: ('727', 'Species') :: ['Haemophilus influenzae']

entities_list: @entity6932 :: ('MESH:D008583', 'Disease') :: ['Hib disease']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

answer: @entity327 :: (727,Species) :: ['Haemophilus influenzae']


abstract: Importance: @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ) is the most devastating adverse event in @entity1 receiving oral anticoagulation. There is only sparse evidence regarding @entity1779 related to the use of non- @entity2067 antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) agents. Objective: To evaluate the early clinical and radiological course, acute management, and outcome of @entity1779 related to NOAC use. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Prospective investigator-initiated, multicenter observational study. All diagnostic and treatment decisions, including administration of hemostatic factors (eg, prothrombin complex concentrate), were left to the discretion of the treating physicians. The setting was 38 @entity64 units across Germany (February 1, 2012, to December 31, 2014). The study included 61 consecutive @entity1 with nontraumatic NOAC-associated @entity1779 , of whom 45 (74%) qualified for the @entity1410 expansion analysis. Main Outcomes and Measures: @entity1410 expansion, @entity548 , and reversal of anticoagulation during the acute phase. Recorded were the 3-month functional outcome, factors associated with an unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3-6), any new intraventricular extension or an increase in the modified Graeb score by at least 2 points, and the frequency of substantial @entity1410 expansion (defined as relative [>= 33%] or absolute [>= 6-mL] volume increase). Results: In total, 41% (25 of 61) of @entity1 with NOAC-associated @entity1779 were female, and the mean (SD) @entity1 age was 76.1 (11.6) years. At admission, the median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 10 (interquartile range, 4-18). The mean (SD) baseline @entity1410 volume was 23.7 (31.3) mL. In @entity1 with sequential imaging for the @entity1410 expansion analysis, substantial @entity1410 expansion occurred in 38% (17 of 45). New or @entity548 was observed in 18% (8 of 45). Overall mortality was 28% (17 of 60 [follow-up data were missing in 1 @entity1 ]) at 3 months, and 65% (28 of 43) of survivors had an unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3-6). Overall, 57% (35 of 61) of the @entity1 received prothrombin complex concentrate, with no statistically significant effect on the frequency of substantial @entity1410 expansion (43% [12 of 28] for prothrombin complex concentrate vs 29% [5 of 17] for no prothrombin complex concentrate, P   =   .53), or on the occurrence of an unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3-6) (odds ratio, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.37-3.87; P   =   .76). Conclusions and Relevance: Non- @entity2067 antagonist oral anticoagulant-associated @entity1779 has a high mortality and an unfavorable outcome, and @entity1410 expansion is frequent. Larger-scale prospective studies are needed to determine whether the early administration of specific antidotes can improve the poor prognosis of NOAC-associated @entity1779 .

title: Early Clinical and Radiological Course, Management, and Outcome of XXXX Related to New Oral Anticoagulants.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage', 'increased intraventricular hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['Hematoma', 'hematoma']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'Intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1779 :: (MESH:D002543,Disease) :: ['Intracerebral Hemorrhage']


abstract: In 1983 and 1984, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was performed on 107 consecutive @entity1 for @entity951 . In each instance, CABG was done within 30 days of @entity1188 . Sixty-three @entity1 (59%) required intravenous administration of @entity1242 and/or the intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) for relief of @entity951 . Oral medications relieved @entity951 in the remaining 44 @entity1 . Thirty-eight @entity1 underwent CABG 7 days or less after the @entity1188 (Group 1), 25 received it between 8 and 15 days later (Group 2), and 44 had CABG between 16 and 30 days later (Group 3). There were 9 in-hospital deaths: 4 in Group 1, 2 in Group 2, and 3 in Group 3. Thirteen @entity1 needed the IABP for hemodynamic stability as well as relief of @entity951 . Even when the @entity1 was stable hemodynamically, @entity204 was more likely to occur among these 13 @entity1 if CABG was conducted within 7 days of @entity1188 . Follow-up was 94% complete at 29.4 months. Eighty-six percent of @entity1 were asymptomatic or in New York Heart Association Functional Class I, and 6% were in Class II. There were 2 late deaths. CABG for @entity951 can be accomplished within 30 days of an acute @entity1188 with good results. The exception to this rule is the @entity1 in whom shock develops after a @entity583 and who, despite stabilization, receives CABG within 7 days of the @entity1188 .

title: Early myocardial revascularization for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['postinfarction angina', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['postinfarction angina']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The link between pollutant exposure and @entity65 ( @entity65 ) has prompted mechanistic research with animal models of @entity65 . We hypothesized that the cardiac gene expression patterns of healthy and genetically compromised, @entity65 -prone @entity35 models, with or without @entity209 , will reveal underlying disease processes that facilitate understanding of the mechanisms of air pollution susceptibility differences. Left ventricular gene expression was examined using Affymetrix @entity35 230A-gene arrays in male, age-matched (12-14 weeks old) healthy @entity35 Kyoto (WKY) and CV-compromised spontaneously @entity101 (SH), @entity64 -prone SH (SHSP), @entity28 SH @entity712 (SHHF) and @entity28 insulin-resistant (JCR) @entity35 . Principle component analysis separated strains in three clusters: (1) WKY, (2) JCR and )3) SH, SHSP and SHHF. Gene expression pattern in JCR differed from all other @entity65 strains. Both SHHF and JCR strains presented the most differentially expressed genes from WKY, but generally with opposing directional pattern suggesting that the @entity65 in these strains arise through different mechanisms. Hierarchical clustering of nuclear factor-kappaB target genes indicated varying degrees of, but similar directional changes, in SH, SHSP and SHHF relative to WKY @entity35 , which may relate to the severity of their @entity65 . The JCR strain had less pronounced expressions of these genes suggesting milder @entity299 . No unique expression pattern could be identified for genes implicated in @entity64 and @entity712 in SHSP and SHHF @entity35 , respectively. The data show that the @entity65 pathophysiological mechanisms differ in models with different genetic backgrounds, and therefore, the mechanisms by which air pollutants affect the cardiopulmonary system are likely to vary.

title: Left ventricular gene expression profile of healthy and cardiovascular compromised XXXX models used in air pollution studies.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic impairment']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIM: Acoustic radiation force impulse is a noninvasive method for evaluating tissue elasticity on ultrasound. Renal shear wave velocity measured by this technique has not been fully investigated in @entity1 with @entity8 . The aim of the present study was to compare renal shear wave velocity in @entity454 @entity1 and that in @entity1 without @entity740 and to investigate influencing factors. METHODS: Renal shear wave velocities were measured in 59 healthy young subjects (control group), 31 subjects without @entity740 (non-CKD group), and 39 @entity454 @entity1 ( @entity454 group). Each measurement was performed ten times at both kidneys, and the mean value of eight of ten measurements, excluding the maximum and minimum values, was compared. RESULTS: Renal shear wave velocity could be measured in all subjects. Renal shear wave velocity in the control group was higher than in the non-CKD group and in the @entity454 group, and no difference was found between the non-CKD group and the @entity454 group. Age and depth were negatively correlated to the renal shear wave velocity. In multiple regression analysis, age and depth were independent factors for renal shear wave velocity, while @entity8 was not. There was no difference between the non-CKD group and the @entity454 group, even when ages were matched and depth was adjusted. CONCLUSION: Renal shear wave velocity was not associated with advanced @entity8 . However, it reflected alteration of renal aging, and this technique may be useful to detect @entity8 in the earlier stages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Renal shear wave velocity by acoustic radiation force impulse did not reflect advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment', 'renal disease']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal impairment']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few reports have thus far discussed the influence of economic factors on treatment decision-making by @entity1 . The objective of the present study was to clarify the awareness among oncologists of health economics in @entity5 treatment. METHODS: The present study was based on the questionnaire regarding health economics in @entity5 treatment carried out by the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology  (JSCO) in July 2013. The subjects were trustees registered with JSCO. The survey investigated the influence of medical expenses on @entity1 access to and selection of medical treatment in order to clarify the primary attributes of the respondents and their awareness of economics. The study also investigated the maximum allowable public medical expenses to prolong the life expectancy of a @entity5 @entity1 by 1  year and the factors that can influence treatment selection. RESULTS: The 172 respondents had completed a mean of 30.3      6.2 postgraduate years, and the mean number of @entity1 they treated annually was 1323      1963. The degree of treatment accessibility among @entity1 was perceived positively by 112 (71.3  %) and negatively by 49 (28.7  %) of the respondents, irrespective of medical expenses. Of the 172 respondents, 66 (41.0  %) believed that the maximum allowable medical expenses for @entity5 treatment should be  <=4 million yen/LY, with 62 (39.8  %) reporting a value of 4.01-8 million yen/LY. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that a certain range of medical expenses has come to be regarded as the standard range of medical expenses for @entity5 treatment among oncologists, with answers based on the premise that @entity1 should have access to effective medical treatment.

title: Perspectives of Japanese oncologists on the health economics of innovative XXXX treatments.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Since @entity64 and @entity296 are major causes of perioperative morbidity and mortality associated with carotid endarterectomy, monitoring the brain and ensuring the best haemodynamic stability are important goals of the management. As regional anaesthesia was reported to improve haemodynamic stability during carotid endarterectomy (CEA), we conducted a prospective observational study on the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical @entity616 (CPB), with early (immediate postoperative) and mid-term (day 30) outcomes in awake @entity1 undergoing CEA. METHODS: After the ethics committee approval, 50 @entity1 undergoing a carotid endarterectomy with CPB from April 2011 to May 2013 were included. Anaesthesia and surgical dissection parameters, early complications and haemodynamic stability were recorded, as well as neurologic and cardiac outcomes initially and one month later. RESULTS: Cervical space was easy to locate by ultrasound in 90% of the @entity1 . The quality of anaesthesia and surgical dissection was good in 86 and 88% of @entity1 , respectively. No conversion to GA was required, secondary to a lack of @entity1337 . Two @entity1 (4%) had severe @entity551 (<100mmHg). Three @entity1 required a shunt after carotid clamping for @entity909 with a favourable neurological outcome. We observed one elevation of @entity6949 (0.95ng  ml(-1)) without ECG change and 1 @entity204 occurred after a postoperative @entity548 . CONCLUSIONS: The present work reports our first 50 cases of intermediate CPB using ultrasound guidance. The results underline that this technique is easy to perform, safe and reliable, provided good surgical conditions with continuous intraoperative neurologic monitoring and stable haemodynamics are respected.

title: Safety and efficiency of ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical XXXX for carotid surgery.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['plexus blocks']

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['plexus block']


abstract: In Columbus, OH, 46 @entity1 with measurable metastatic @entity14 were treated with @entity4181 (LV) 80 mg/m2/20 h intravenous (IV) infusion followed by @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) 400 mg/m2 IV bolus daily for three days and then once weekly. Many @entity1 had liver (62%) and/or multisite @entity3 (53%), @entity787 ( @entity787 ) greater than 10 (76%), documented @entity5 progression before entry (51%), and @entity5 -related symptoms (36%), but also good performance status (84%). Prior therapy consisted of radiotherapy (RT) in 18%, chemotherapy in 22%, both in 4%, and none in 56%. There were 36% objective responses and 31% stabilization, which we believe is a significant change in the natural history of these @entity1 . Median survival was 8 months. Improved survival was seen in @entity1 with single- rather than multiple-site involvement. Decreasing @entity787 levels were seen in 59% (always in responders or @entity1 with stable disease), and correlated with longer survival time (11.0 v 5.5 months, P = 0.01). Palliation of @entity5 related symptoms occurred in 75%, with or without antitumor effect. One @entity1 with prior RT died of @entity1398 after only the three-day load, so we now recommend only weekly therapy in previously radiated @entity1 . Otherwise, @entity137 was mild, manifest as @entity425 in 62%, @entity390 in 53%, or @entity294 in 47%, which was the most common dose-limiting side effect. The occurrence or absence of @entity137 did not predict outcome. Because of equivalent efficacy, mild @entity137 , and less expense, this regimen should be considered for @entity1 who desire therapy.

title: XXXX plus @entity1487 : an effective treatment for metastatic colon cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity787 :: ('1084', 'Gene') :: ['CEA', 'carcinoembryonic antigen']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic sepsis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity4181 :: (MESH:D002955,Chemical) :: ['Leucovorin']


abstract: In Columbus, OH, 46 @entity1 with measurable metastatic @entity14 were treated with @entity4181 (LV) 80 mg/m2/20 h intravenous (IV) infusion followed by @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) 400 mg/m2 IV bolus daily for three days and then once weekly. Many @entity1 had liver (62%) and/or multisite @entity3 (53%), @entity787 ( @entity787 ) greater than 10 (76%), documented @entity5 progression before entry (51%), and @entity5 -related symptoms (36%), but also good performance status (84%). Prior therapy consisted of radiotherapy (RT) in 18%, chemotherapy in 22%, both in 4%, and none in 56%. There were 36% objective responses and 31% stabilization, which we believe is a significant change in the natural history of these @entity1 . Median survival was 8 months. Improved survival was seen in @entity1 with single- rather than multiple-site involvement. Decreasing @entity787 levels were seen in 59% (always in responders or @entity1 with stable disease), and correlated with longer survival time (11.0 v 5.5 months, P = 0.01). Palliation of @entity5 related symptoms occurred in 75%, with or without antitumor effect. One @entity1 with prior RT died of @entity1398 after only the three-day load, so we now recommend only weekly therapy in previously radiated @entity1 . Otherwise, @entity137 was mild, manifest as @entity425 in 62%, @entity390 in 53%, or @entity294 in 47%, which was the most common dose-limiting side effect. The occurrence or absence of @entity137 did not predict outcome. Because of equivalent efficacy, mild @entity137 , and less expense, this regimen should be considered for @entity1 who desire therapy.

title: @entity4181 plus XXXX : an effective treatment for metastatic colon cancer.

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Assisted reproductive technology (ART) exposes gametes and embryos to an artificial environment that does not resemble the conditions of natural conception, and therefore might change epigenetic regulation of genes that are imprinted during development. In the present review, we discuss the relationship between susceptibility of specific genes to receive an altered epigenetic composition during ART processes, possibly via alterations in the biochemical @entity1501 and @entity1853 cycle. We provide a comprehensive view of the current state of epigenetic patterning in ART-conceived healthy @entity1 and in @entity5427 ( @entity5427 ) and @entity11123 ( @entity11123 ) @entity1 . We illustrate that similar genes-that is, @entity15046 , @entity15045 , and @entity5100 -possess an altered DNA methylation profile in animal models, ART-conceived healthy @entity1 , and @entity5427 and @entity11123 @entity1 . The developmental stage at which these genes receive their epigenetic imprint appears to coincide with the specific moment that ART takes place. We highlight that ART procedures affect physiological levels of enzymes and substrates involved in the @entity1501 and @entity1853 cycle thereby altering the DNA methylation state. Moreover, although the DNA methylation rate appears to be robust: (i) temporal imbalances coinciding with defined moments of epigenetic imprinting of specific genes affect the eventual DNA methylation state of those genes and (ii) cumulative ART effects on @entity1853 and @entity1501 cycling can alter DNA methylation rates. These observations underscore the necessity to further investigate consequences of ART treatments on the epigenetic profile. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 94-107, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Epigenetic imprinting during assisted reproductive technologies: The effect of temporal and cumulative fluctuations in XXXX cycling on the DNA methylation state.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5427 :: ('MESH:D017204', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'Angelman syndrome']

entities_list: @entity11123 :: ('MESH:D001506', 'Disease') :: ['Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome', 'BWS']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

answer: @entity1853 :: (MESH:D008715,Chemical) :: ['methionine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Severe @entity131 (STBI) can cause @entity1642 in proxies in the long-term. This study assessed post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms in proxies of survivors of STBI in the short-term and investigated stress-associated factors. METHODS: Prospective cross-sectional study, conducted at three Swiss @entity130 centres over 1 year. @entity1 and proxy demographics, @entity130 data including Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) and management data were collected. The proxies' PTS symptoms were assessed by applying the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), once in the first month after the accident (median: 11 days). RESULTS: Sixty-nine proxies were included; 52 proxies were female (77.8%). Mean IES-R sum score for intrusions was 13.38 (SD=7.26), for avoidance 8.91 (SD=5.94), and for hyperarousal 9.07 (SD=6.75). Clinically significant PTS symptoms were observed in 36 proxies (52.2%); mean IES-R sum scores were significantly higher in @entity1 . IES-R sub-scale values were inversely related with GCS at the scene of the accident and on hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of proxies had clinically significant PTS symptoms shortly after their relative's accident. More severe PTS symptoms were found in @entity1 and in proxies of @entity1 with poorer initial GCS scores. Further research into risk groups in the short- and long-term and the long-term impact on @entity1 of PTS syndrome in proxies is warranted.

title: Post-traumatic stress symptoms in relatives in the first weeks after severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['psychological stress']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Subunit A of coagulation factor XIII (FXIII-A) is important for clot stability and acts in the subsequent wound healing process. Loss of plasma FXIII-A has been reported after surgery, sepsis, and inflammatory conditions. In the intestinal mucosa, FXIII-A is expressed by macrophages and cellular FXIII-A has been associated with phagocytosis and migration of macrophages. The objective was to evaluate the consequences of intestinal @entity32 on resident mucosal macrophages, focusing on the level and distribution of FXIII-A. METHODS: Plasma and colonic biopsies were collected from 67 @entity1 with @entity31 and controls. Intestinal samples were stained using immunohistochemistry for FXIII-A and macrophages ( @entity469 , @entity11772 and iNOS). In situ hybridization were used to assess the intestinal expression of FXIII-A. FXIII-A antigen and activity levels were measured in plasma. RESULTS: Increased infiltration of @entity469 positive macrophages in the inflamed mucosa coincided with increased extracellular deposited FXIII-A and decreased expression and intracellular protein levels of FXIII-A. A decreased proportion of FXIII-A/ @entity469 / @entity11772 triple-positive macrophages was observed in inflamed mucosa, indicating a reduction of the M2 phenotype with consequent loss of FXIII-A. No induction of iNOS positive macrophages was observed. Stimulation of na  ve monocytes with physiological concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators negatively affected the expression of FXIII-A. Measurements in plasma confirmed the loss of both FXIII antigen and activity during active disease. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal @entity32 in UC induces loss of M2 macrophages with subsequent loss of FXIII-A synthesis. The loss of cellular FXIII-A may impact migration and phagocytosis, and hence limit pathogen eradication in UC.

title: Systemic and intestinal levels of factor XIII-A: the impact of XXXX on expression in macrophage subtypes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: The prognosis for a @entity1 with a severe @entity542 is dependent not only upon the location and the degree of this @entity130 , but also upon additional complications. For example, disseminated @entity5642 (DIC) can occur because of the thromboplastic activity of the damaged brain tissue that enters the circulation. The complement (C) system is activated by certain enzymes that cleave the clotting factors. Therefore, after @entity542 we searched for C activation because it could result in the @entity649 ( @entity649 ). @entity1 and methods. We had two groups of @entity1 : (1) 23 with large destruction and (2) 13 with little destruction of the brain tissue. Eighteen @entity1 in group 1 and 8 in group 2 had isolated @entity131 . Blood samples were taken--upon arrival at the hospital and then 1, 3, 7, 12, 24, and 48 h later; after that we took weekly blood samples up to the completion of their treatment in the intensive care unit. We measured the total hemolytic serum C activity (CH50), activation of alternative pathway hemolysis (APH50), cleavage products @entity46592 and @entity8428 , and total protein. Furthermore, we studied the coagulation parameters of the extrinsic (prothrombin time) and intrinsic (partial thromboplastin time) pathways and fibrinogen content. From the @entity1 records we extracted clinical parameters such as neurological status, intracranial pressure, pathological details on computer tomography hemoglobin and arterial-alveolar @entity26 difference. Results. Figure 1 shows the different reactions of the C system in both groups: while @entity1 of group 1 suffered from a decrease in total and alternative hemolytic activity, the other group increases in both parameters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Complement activation following head and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['brain trauma']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'adult respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries', 'head injury']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['brain trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity924 is a common @entity7184 among jumping athletes. No evidence-based treatment guidelines exist. @entity34 ( @entity34 ) appears to be a promising treatment but its effectiveness has not been studied in athletes with @entity924 who have symptoms for 3 to 12 months and are still playing. PURPOSE: The TOPGAME study was created to determine the effectiveness of @entity34 on @entity158 , symptoms, and function in athletes with early symptomatic @entity924 who are still in training and competition. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS: Athletes playing volleyball, basketball, or handball with @entity924 for 3 to 12 months were randomized into the @entity34 or placebo group during the first half of the season. The @entity34 group received 3 @entity34 treatments while the placebo group received sham @entity34 . In-season follow-up measurements were 1, 12, and 22 weeks after treatment. The primary outcome was severity of @entity924 determined with the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Patella (VISA-P) questionnaire. Secondary outcome measures were @entity158 during activities of daily living and sports and after functional knee-loading tests rated on a visual analog scale and subjective improvement. Multilevel analyses were performed to determine differences between groups over time. RESULTS: Of the 127 symptomatic athletes invited to participate, 62 were eligible, gave consent, and were randomized into the @entity34 (n = 31) or placebo group (n = 31). Mean VISA-P scores before and 1, 12, and 22 weeks after treatment were 59.4 (  11.7), 66.8 (  16.2), 66.7 (  17.5), and 70.5 (  18.9) for the @entity34 group and 62.4 (  13.4), 66.3 (  19.0), 68.9 (  20.3), and 72.7 (  18.0) for the placebo group. For the VISA-P, there was a significant effect for time (P < .01) but no treatment   time interaction effect (P = .82). The same pattern was seen in visual analog scale @entity158 scores. One week after final treatment, significantly more athletes in the @entity34 group reported subjective improvement (65% vs 32%;   (2) = 6.46, P = .01). This was the only difference noted between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: @entity34 as a solitary treatment during the competitive season has no benefit over placebo treatment in the management of actively competing jumping athletes with @entity924 who have symptoms for less than 12 months.

title: No effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on XXXX in jumping athletes during the competitive season: a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['patellar tendinopathy', 'Patellar tendinopathy']

entities_list: @entity7184 :: ('MESH:D012090', 'Disease') :: ['overuse injury']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['ESWT', 'Extracorporeal shockwave therapy']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['patellar tendinopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Over the past few years, bilateral stimulation of the caudal or motor part of the zona incerta nucleus (cZI) has been performed by the authors in @entity1 with essential @entity400 (ET). Outcomes including quality of life data in 15 @entity1 with a follow-up period of up to 84 months (mean 31.7    28.6 months) are presented. METHODS: 15 consecutive ET @entity1 underwent MRI guided bilateral cZI deep brain stimulation implantation. @entity1 were assessed by applying the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale and the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36) to assess quality of life. RESULTS: The total @entity400 score improved by 73.8% (p<0.0001). The part A score (items 1-9) improved by 86.6% (p<0.0001). Postural @entity400 improved by 88.2% (p<0.0001) and action @entity400 by 82.2% (p<0.0001). The part B score, which evaluates the functional activities of the upper limbs, improved by 60.1% (p<0.0001). Part C score, which evaluates the activities of daily living, improved by 80.0% (p<0.0001). The SF-36 physical component score improved by 23.7% (p<0.0001) and the mental component score by 22.4% (p<0.0001). There was one wound infection and three @entity1 developed stimulation related transient @entity4653 . None developed any disequilibrium or tolerance to stimulation. CONCLUSION: Bilateral cZI stimulation is safe and effective in suppressing the postural and action component of ET. It is associated with a low incidence of stimulation related complications and @entity1 do not develop tolerance to stimulation with maintained clinical benefit over a follow-up period of up to 7 years.

title: Bilateral caudal zona incerta nucleus stimulation for essential XXXX : outcome and quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['tremor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The economic impact on society associated with the healthcare of older adults depends on their health status. The aim was to estimate the excess costs associated with co-morbid mental and @entity74 . METHODS: Data were from a health survey of 2004 older adults. Two-year healthcare costs were identified from administrative databases. Generalized linear models were used to study healthcare costs as a function of co-morbid @entity146 ( @entity146 ) and @entity299 ( @entity299 ), @entity625 , @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ) and @entity64 ( @entity64 ). RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity299 and @entity64 with @entity601 incurred higher costs reaching  1696 (95% confidence interval (CI):  30,  3422) and  14 772 (95% CI:  1909,  31 454) than those without @entity601 . @entity1576 and @entity601 incurred higher costs reaching  5343 (95% CI:  343,  10 343) than those without @entity1576 . The excess annual adjusted healthcare costs associated with co-morbid @entity601 and @entity74 reach close to  600 M per 1 000 000 population of older adults. CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity146 with @entity299 , @entity64 and RDs has a synergistic effect on healthcare costs. These findings underline the need for improved primary care for the prevention and treatment of co-mental and @entity74 that can potentially save hundreds of millions to society.

title: Healthcare costs in chronically ill community-living older adults are dependent on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral vascular accident', 'CVA']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders', 'MDs']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['physical disorders']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease', 'RD']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease', 'HD']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['mental disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood @entity1712 (PBE) and @entity236 ( @entity236 ) are associated with various @entity5 . @entity1712 is frequently paraclonal (because of cytokines and not part of the malignant clone), but in some cases of @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ), it may also be clonal. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 80 @entity3052 @entity1 treated from June 2004 to December 2008 at our @entity5 center for PBE and @entity236 at diagnosis and postinduction. RESULTS: At diagnosis, PBE was present in 18.8% @entity1 whereas at postinduction it was observed in 7.7% @entity1 . No @entity1 had abnormal eosinophils. At diagnosis, PBE correlated with the absence of gum @entity1184 whereas @entity236 correlated with the French-American-British-M2 subtype and absence of gum @entity1184 . PBE/ @entity236 did not have a significant correlation with event-free survival. After completion of therapy, on follow-up up to 2 years every 3 months, one-third of the @entity1 had @entity1712 ; however, it did not correlate with disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to evaluate the impact of @entity1712 at presentation, postinduction, and on follow-up with outcome in @entity3052 . Although @entity1712 was observed in one-fifth of the @entity1 at diagnosis and in one-third of the @entity1 on follow-up, it seems to be reactive in nature with no impact on outcome and thus it should not be a cause of alarm.

title: Diagnostic and follow-up @entity1712 is not predictive of outcome in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia', 'Eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML', 'pediatric AML']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow eosinophilia', 'BME']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['childhood acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood @entity1712 (PBE) and @entity236 ( @entity236 ) are associated with various @entity5 . @entity1712 is frequently paraclonal (because of cytokines and not part of the malignant clone), but in some cases of @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ), it may also be clonal. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 80 @entity3052 @entity1 treated from June 2004 to December 2008 at our @entity5 center for PBE and @entity236 at diagnosis and postinduction. RESULTS: At diagnosis, PBE was present in 18.8% @entity1 whereas at postinduction it was observed in 7.7% @entity1 . No @entity1 had abnormal eosinophils. At diagnosis, PBE correlated with the absence of gum @entity1184 whereas @entity236 correlated with the French-American-British-M2 subtype and absence of gum @entity1184 . PBE/ @entity236 did not have a significant correlation with event-free survival. After completion of therapy, on follow-up up to 2 years every 3 months, one-third of the @entity1 had @entity1712 ; however, it did not correlate with disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to evaluate the impact of @entity1712 at presentation, postinduction, and on follow-up with outcome in @entity3052 . Although @entity1712 was observed in one-fifth of the @entity1 at diagnosis and in one-third of the @entity1 on follow-up, it seems to be reactive in nature with no impact on outcome and thus it should not be a cause of alarm.

title: Diagnostic and follow-up XXXX is not predictive of outcome in @entity3052 .

answer: @entity1712 :: (MESH:D004802,Disease) :: ['eosinophilia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Increased evidence of subnormal neuropsychological functioning in new-onset @entity302 has been obtained, although results are still rare and controversial. With a prospective study, we aimed to define the very early neuropsychological profile of @entity1 with @entity302 with @entity1654 ( @entity25464 ), including executive functions (EF) because of their key role in learning. Additionally, we enrolled drug-na  ve @entity1 , with a NREM sleep frequency of discharges <85% and with a Performance Intelligence Quotient equal or superior to 85, in order to exclude additional effects on the neuropsychological functioning. METHODS: Fifteen school-aged @entity1 with @entity25464 (mean age: 8.8years, standard deviation [SD]: 2.4years) and fifteen healthy @entity1 (mean age: 9.2years, [SD]: 2.5years) were enrolled and assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The assessment included domain-specific standardized tests of language, EF, @entity4207 skills, @entity1957 , and short-term memory. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Significant differences between @entity1 and controls emerged with respect to 3 domains. Language was affected in color naming (p=.026), spoonerism (p=.003), and phonemic synthesis (p=.009). Executive functions appeared inadequate in the five point test with respect to the number of correct figures (p=.003) and errors (p=.008). In the domain of @entity4207 skills, significant differences between groups emerged regarding the number of mistakes in nonword writing (p=.001), nonword reading speed (p=.027), nonword reading number of mistakes (p=.019), and word reading errors (p=.023). DISCUSSION: Results showed that @entity1 with new-onset @entity25464 may demonstrate a range of @entity409 , particularly affecting executive attention, despite a normal IQ, a low frequency of NREM sleep discharges, and the absence of drugs. These difficulties indicate a @entity75 with cascading effects on language and @entity4207 skills. The inclusion of EF in the assessment battery and in the intervention since the very onset is warranted in order to avoid further and persistent @entity4207 .

title: Neuropsychological profile in new-onset @entity302 with XXXX ( @entity25464 ): Focusing on executive functions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['frontal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychological dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['visuomotor and visuospatial skills']

entities_list: @entity1654 :: ('MESH:D019305', 'Disease') :: ['centrotemporal spikes']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['academic', 'academic difficulties']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['benign epilepsy', 'childhood epilepsy']

answer: @entity1654 :: (MESH:D019305,Disease) :: ['centrotemporal spikes']


abstract: PURPOSE: Increased evidence of subnormal neuropsychological functioning in new-onset @entity302 has been obtained, although results are still rare and controversial. With a prospective study, we aimed to define the very early neuropsychological profile of @entity1 with @entity302 with @entity1654 ( @entity25464 ), including executive functions (EF) because of their key role in learning. Additionally, we enrolled drug-na  ve @entity1 , with a NREM sleep frequency of discharges <85% and with a Performance Intelligence Quotient equal or superior to 85, in order to exclude additional effects on the neuropsychological functioning. METHODS: Fifteen school-aged @entity1 with @entity25464 (mean age: 8.8years, standard deviation [SD]: 2.4years) and fifteen healthy @entity1 (mean age: 9.2years, [SD]: 2.5years) were enrolled and assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The assessment included domain-specific standardized tests of language, EF, @entity4207 skills, @entity1957 , and short-term memory. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Significant differences between @entity1 and controls emerged with respect to 3 domains. Language was affected in color naming (p=.026), spoonerism (p=.003), and phonemic synthesis (p=.009). Executive functions appeared inadequate in the five point test with respect to the number of correct figures (p=.003) and errors (p=.008). In the domain of @entity4207 skills, significant differences between groups emerged regarding the number of mistakes in nonword writing (p=.001), nonword reading speed (p=.027), nonword reading number of mistakes (p=.019), and word reading errors (p=.023). DISCUSSION: Results showed that @entity1 with new-onset @entity25464 may demonstrate a range of @entity409 , particularly affecting executive attention, despite a normal IQ, a low frequency of NREM sleep discharges, and the absence of drugs. These difficulties indicate a @entity75 with cascading effects on language and @entity4207 skills. The inclusion of EF in the assessment battery and in the intervention since the very onset is warranted in order to avoid further and persistent @entity4207 .

title: Neuropsychological profile in new-onset XXXX with @entity1654 ( @entity25464 ): Focusing on executive functions.

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['benign epilepsy']


abstract: PURPOSE: Increased evidence of subnormal neuropsychological functioning in new-onset @entity302 has been obtained, although results are still rare and controversial. With a prospective study, we aimed to define the very early neuropsychological profile of @entity1 with @entity302 with @entity1654 ( @entity25464 ), including executive functions (EF) because of their key role in learning. Additionally, we enrolled drug-na  ve @entity1 , with a NREM sleep frequency of discharges <85% and with a Performance Intelligence Quotient equal or superior to 85, in order to exclude additional effects on the neuropsychological functioning. METHODS: Fifteen school-aged @entity1 with @entity25464 (mean age: 8.8years, standard deviation [SD]: 2.4years) and fifteen healthy @entity1 (mean age: 9.2years, [SD]: 2.5years) were enrolled and assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The assessment included domain-specific standardized tests of language, EF, @entity4207 skills, @entity1957 , and short-term memory. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Significant differences between @entity1 and controls emerged with respect to 3 domains. Language was affected in color naming (p=.026), spoonerism (p=.003), and phonemic synthesis (p=.009). Executive functions appeared inadequate in the five point test with respect to the number of correct figures (p=.003) and errors (p=.008). In the domain of @entity4207 skills, significant differences between groups emerged regarding the number of mistakes in nonword writing (p=.001), nonword reading speed (p=.027), nonword reading number of mistakes (p=.019), and word reading errors (p=.023). DISCUSSION: Results showed that @entity1 with new-onset @entity25464 may demonstrate a range of @entity409 , particularly affecting executive attention, despite a normal IQ, a low frequency of NREM sleep discharges, and the absence of drugs. These difficulties indicate a @entity75 with cascading effects on language and @entity4207 skills. The inclusion of EF in the assessment battery and in the intervention since the very onset is warranted in order to avoid further and persistent @entity4207 .

title: Neuropsychological profile in new-onset @entity302 with @entity1654 ( XXXX ): Focusing on executive functions.

answer: @entity25464 :: (100379198,Gene) :: ['BECTS']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Treatment of @entity3441 ( @entity3441 ) and @entity479 -resistant @entity1985 (SRNS) is demanding, and renal prognosis is poor. Numerous causative gene mutations have been identified in SRNS that affect the renal podocyte. In the era of high-throughput sequencing techniques, @entity1 with nongenetic SRNS frequently escape the scientific interest. We here present the long-term data of the German @entity3441 /SRNS Follow-Up Study, focusing on the response to @entity205 ( @entity9472 ) in @entity1 with nongenetic @entity74 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical data were collected from 231 @entity1 with @entity3441 /SRNS treated at eight university pediatric nephrology units with a median observation time of 113 months (interquartile range, 50-178). Genotyping was performed systematically in all @entity1 . RESULTS: The overall mutation detection rate was high at 57% (97% in @entity3441 and 41% in SRNS); 85% of all mutations were identified by the analysis of three single genes only ( @entity6333 , @entity21188 , and @entity8587 ), accounting for 92% of all mutations in @entity1 with @entity3441 and 79% of all mutations in @entity1 with SRNS. Remission of the disease in nongenetic SRNS was observed in 78% of @entity1 after a median treatment period of 2.5 months; 82% of nongenetic @entity1 responded within 6 months of therapy, and 98% of @entity1 with nongenetic SRNS and @entity9472 -induced complete remission (normalbuminemia and no @entity644 ) maintained a normal renal function. Genetic SRNS, on the contrary, is associated with a high rate of @entity454 in 66% of @entity1 . Only 3% of @entity1 with genetic SRNS experienced a complete remission and 16% of @entity1 with genetic SRNS experienced a partial remission after @entity9472 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of @entity9472 is high in nonhereditary SRNS, with an excellent prognosis of renal function in the large majority of @entity1 . @entity9472 should be given for a minimum period of 6 months in these @entity1 with nongenetic SRNS. In genetic SRNS, response to @entity9472 was low and restricted to exceptional @entity1 .

title: Rapid Response to XXXX and Favorable Renal Outcome in Nongenetic Versus Genetic @entity479 -Resistant @entity1985 .

entities_list: @entity3441 :: ('MESH:C535761', 'Disease') :: ['CNS', 'congenital nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['versus genetic disease']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['Cyclosporin A']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Treatment of @entity3441 ( @entity3441 ) and @entity479 -resistant @entity1985 (SRNS) is demanding, and renal prognosis is poor. Numerous causative gene mutations have been identified in SRNS that affect the renal podocyte. In the era of high-throughput sequencing techniques, @entity1 with nongenetic SRNS frequently escape the scientific interest. We here present the long-term data of the German @entity3441 /SRNS Follow-Up Study, focusing on the response to @entity205 ( @entity9472 ) in @entity1 with nongenetic @entity74 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical data were collected from 231 @entity1 with @entity3441 /SRNS treated at eight university pediatric nephrology units with a median observation time of 113 months (interquartile range, 50-178). Genotyping was performed systematically in all @entity1 . RESULTS: The overall mutation detection rate was high at 57% (97% in @entity3441 and 41% in SRNS); 85% of all mutations were identified by the analysis of three single genes only ( @entity6333 , @entity21188 , and @entity8587 ), accounting for 92% of all mutations in @entity1 with @entity3441 and 79% of all mutations in @entity1 with SRNS. Remission of the disease in nongenetic SRNS was observed in 78% of @entity1 after a median treatment period of 2.5 months; 82% of nongenetic @entity1 responded within 6 months of therapy, and 98% of @entity1 with nongenetic SRNS and @entity9472 -induced complete remission (normalbuminemia and no @entity644 ) maintained a normal renal function. Genetic SRNS, on the contrary, is associated with a high rate of @entity454 in 66% of @entity1 . Only 3% of @entity1 with genetic SRNS experienced a complete remission and 16% of @entity1 with genetic SRNS experienced a partial remission after @entity9472 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of @entity9472 is high in nonhereditary SRNS, with an excellent prognosis of renal function in the large majority of @entity1 . @entity9472 should be given for a minimum period of 6 months in these @entity1 with nongenetic SRNS. In genetic SRNS, response to @entity9472 was low and restricted to exceptional @entity1 .

title: Rapid Response to @entity205 and Favorable Renal Outcome in Nongenetic Versus Genetic XXXX -Resistant @entity1985 .

answer: @entity479 :: (D013256,Chemical) :: ['Steroid']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Treatment of @entity3441 ( @entity3441 ) and @entity479 -resistant @entity1985 (SRNS) is demanding, and renal prognosis is poor. Numerous causative gene mutations have been identified in SRNS that affect the renal podocyte. In the era of high-throughput sequencing techniques, @entity1 with nongenetic SRNS frequently escape the scientific interest. We here present the long-term data of the German @entity3441 /SRNS Follow-Up Study, focusing on the response to @entity205 ( @entity9472 ) in @entity1 with nongenetic @entity74 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical data were collected from 231 @entity1 with @entity3441 /SRNS treated at eight university pediatric nephrology units with a median observation time of 113 months (interquartile range, 50-178). Genotyping was performed systematically in all @entity1 . RESULTS: The overall mutation detection rate was high at 57% (97% in @entity3441 and 41% in SRNS); 85% of all mutations were identified by the analysis of three single genes only ( @entity6333 , @entity21188 , and @entity8587 ), accounting for 92% of all mutations in @entity1 with @entity3441 and 79% of all mutations in @entity1 with SRNS. Remission of the disease in nongenetic SRNS was observed in 78% of @entity1 after a median treatment period of 2.5 months; 82% of nongenetic @entity1 responded within 6 months of therapy, and 98% of @entity1 with nongenetic SRNS and @entity9472 -induced complete remission (normalbuminemia and no @entity644 ) maintained a normal renal function. Genetic SRNS, on the contrary, is associated with a high rate of @entity454 in 66% of @entity1 . Only 3% of @entity1 with genetic SRNS experienced a complete remission and 16% of @entity1 with genetic SRNS experienced a partial remission after @entity9472 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of @entity9472 is high in nonhereditary SRNS, with an excellent prognosis of renal function in the large majority of @entity1 . @entity9472 should be given for a minimum period of 6 months in these @entity1 with nongenetic SRNS. In genetic SRNS, response to @entity9472 was low and restricted to exceptional @entity1 .

title: Rapid Response to @entity205 and Favorable Renal Outcome in Nongenetic Versus Genetic @entity479 -Resistant XXXX .

answer: @entity1985 :: (MESH:D009404,Disease) :: ['Nephrotic Syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the surgical and oncologic outcomes of @entity1 undergoing self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement with elective curative surgery. METHODS: Data from @entity1 admitted with obstructing @entity694 between 2000 and 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. @entity1 underwent either SEMS placement as a bridge to surgery (stent group, n  =  67) or emergency surgery (surgery group, n  =  35). Surgical and oncologic outcomes of the groups were compared. RESULTS: Placement of SEMS was technically successful in 98.5  % and clinically successful in 89.6  % of cases. There were eight (11.9  %) stent-related complications, including three @entity4222 (4.5  %), four occlusions (6.0  %), and one perforation (1.5  %). The stent group had a higher laparoscopic resection rate (67.2 vs. 31.4  %, p  =  0.001) with a lower conversion rate (4.3 vs. 35.3  %, p  =  0.003). The wound @entity281 rate was significantly higher in the surgery group (37.1 vs. 11.9  %, p  =  0.003) with no differences in the rate of other complications. The rates of local recurrence and distant @entity3 , recurrence-free, and overall survival were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Stenting and elective surgery was associated with a higher laparoscopy rate, a lower conversion rate, and a lower wound @entity281 rate compared to emergency surgery but did not affect recurrence or survival.

title: Stenting as a Bridge to Surgery for Obstructive XXXX : Does It Have Surgical Merit or Oncologic Demerit?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4222 :: ('MESH:D014085', 'Disease') :: ['migrations']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['Colon Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that adipokines play a role in @entity29 by inducing proinflammatory cytokines, but it is uncertain whether @entity26156 is causally involved in @entity31 ( @entity31 ). We evaluated @entity26156 levels in @entity1 who presented with @entity31 flares before and after treatment. METHODS: In this cohort study, we assessed 31 @entity1 with @entity31 in the activation period and remission in the same @entity1 after treatment, and a healthy control group, consisting of 29 @entity1 , at a single academic medical centre between 2010 and 2013. Disease severity was evaluated clinically using Trulove and Witt's criteria. RESULTS: Serum @entity26156 levels did not vary according to the extent of disease and were significantly higher in @entity1 in the activation period (7.77    2.41 ng/ml) than in remission (6.18    2.04 ng/ml) and the healthy controls (6.54    2.20 ng/ml; P < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively). In a comparison of @entity1 in the inactive period with the control group, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). To assess activation of the disease, a @entity26156 cut-off point for active @entity31 was determined as 6.40, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) and negative predictive values (NPV) of 72%, 52%, 66.7% (43.0-85.4) and 50.0% (29.1-70.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity26156 level was higher in the active group than in post-treatment remission and the healthy control group. Sensitivity and specificity were similar to other inflammatory markers for assessing clinical activity, which did not improve clinical outcomes in @entity1 with @entity649 ( @entity649 ). These findings did not provide a rationale for assessment of @entity31 activation.

title: Serum @entity26156 Levels in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['Ulcerative Colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that adipokines play a role in @entity29 by inducing proinflammatory cytokines, but it is uncertain whether @entity26156 is causally involved in @entity31 ( @entity31 ). We evaluated @entity26156 levels in @entity1 who presented with @entity31 flares before and after treatment. METHODS: In this cohort study, we assessed 31 @entity1 with @entity31 in the activation period and remission in the same @entity1 after treatment, and a healthy control group, consisting of 29 @entity1 , at a single academic medical centre between 2010 and 2013. Disease severity was evaluated clinically using Trulove and Witt's criteria. RESULTS: Serum @entity26156 levels did not vary according to the extent of disease and were significantly higher in @entity1 in the activation period (7.77    2.41 ng/ml) than in remission (6.18    2.04 ng/ml) and the healthy controls (6.54    2.20 ng/ml; P < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively). In a comparison of @entity1 in the inactive period with the control group, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). To assess activation of the disease, a @entity26156 cut-off point for active @entity31 was determined as 6.40, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) and negative predictive values (NPV) of 72%, 52%, 66.7% (43.0-85.4) and 50.0% (29.1-70.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity26156 level was higher in the active group than in post-treatment remission and the healthy control group. Sensitivity and specificity were similar to other inflammatory markers for assessing clinical activity, which did not improve clinical outcomes in @entity1 with @entity649 ( @entity649 ). These findings did not provide a rationale for assessment of @entity31 activation.

title: Serum XXXX Levels in @entity31 .

answer: @entity26156 :: (10135,Gene) :: ['Visfatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While @entity1871 addition to @entity172 mitigates @entity1204 risk, the magnitude of the effect on incidence, specific @entity1204 histologies, and @entity1204 mortality remains unsettled. These issues were assessed by analyses after extended follow-up of the @entity1 's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized clinical trial evaluating continuous combined @entity172 plus @entity1871 use. METHODS: The WHI enrolled 16 608 postmenopausal @entity1 into a randomly assigned, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity1 age 50 to 79 years with intact uteri with normal endometrial biopsy at entry were randomly assigned to once-daily 0.625mg conjugated @entity1641 @entity172 plus 2.5mg @entity11796 (n = 8506) as a single pill or matching placebo (n = 8102). Follow-up beyond the original trial completion date required reconsent, obtained from 12 788 (83%) of surviving @entity1 . Analyses were by intent-to-treat. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: After 5.6 years' median intervention and 13 years' median cumulative follow-up, there were fewer @entity1204 in the combined hormone therapy compared with the placebo group (66 vs 95 case @entity1 , yearly incidence, 0.06% vs 0.10%; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48 to 0.89, P = .007). While there were somewhat fewer @entity1204 during intervention (25 vs 30, respectively; HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.45 to 1.31), the difference became statistically significant postintervention (41 vs 65, respectively; HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.88, P = .008), but hazard ratios did not differ between phases (P difference = .46). There was a statistically nonsignificant reduction in @entity204 from @entity1204 in the @entity172 plus @entity1871 group (5 vs 11 @entity204 , HR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.15 to 1.22). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal @entity1 , continuous combined @entity172 plus @entity1871 decreases @entity1204 incidence.

title: Continuous Combined @entity172 Plus XXXX and Endometrial Cancer: The @entity1 's Health Initiative Randomized Trial.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'endometrial cancers']

entities_list: @entity11796 :: ('MESH:D017258', 'Chemical') :: ['medroxyprogesterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity1871 :: ('CHEBI:59826', 'Chemical') :: ['progestin']

answer: @entity1871 :: (CHEBI:59826,Chemical) :: ['Progestin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While @entity1871 addition to @entity172 mitigates @entity1204 risk, the magnitude of the effect on incidence, specific @entity1204 histologies, and @entity1204 mortality remains unsettled. These issues were assessed by analyses after extended follow-up of the @entity1 's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized clinical trial evaluating continuous combined @entity172 plus @entity1871 use. METHODS: The WHI enrolled 16 608 postmenopausal @entity1 into a randomly assigned, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity1 age 50 to 79 years with intact uteri with normal endometrial biopsy at entry were randomly assigned to once-daily 0.625mg conjugated @entity1641 @entity172 plus 2.5mg @entity11796 (n = 8506) as a single pill or matching placebo (n = 8102). Follow-up beyond the original trial completion date required reconsent, obtained from 12 788 (83%) of surviving @entity1 . Analyses were by intent-to-treat. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: After 5.6 years' median intervention and 13 years' median cumulative follow-up, there were fewer @entity1204 in the combined hormone therapy compared with the placebo group (66 vs 95 case @entity1 , yearly incidence, 0.06% vs 0.10%; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48 to 0.89, P = .007). While there were somewhat fewer @entity1204 during intervention (25 vs 30, respectively; HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.45 to 1.31), the difference became statistically significant postintervention (41 vs 65, respectively; HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.88, P = .008), but hazard ratios did not differ between phases (P difference = .46). There was a statistically nonsignificant reduction in @entity204 from @entity1204 in the @entity172 plus @entity1871 group (5 vs 11 @entity204 , HR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.15 to 1.22). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal @entity1 , continuous combined @entity172 plus @entity1871 decreases @entity1204 incidence.

title: Continuous Combined XXXX Plus @entity1871 and Endometrial Cancer: The @entity1 's Health Initiative Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['Estrogen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While @entity1871 addition to @entity172 mitigates @entity1204 risk, the magnitude of the effect on incidence, specific @entity1204 histologies, and @entity1204 mortality remains unsettled. These issues were assessed by analyses after extended follow-up of the @entity1 's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized clinical trial evaluating continuous combined @entity172 plus @entity1871 use. METHODS: The WHI enrolled 16 608 postmenopausal @entity1 into a randomly assigned, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity1 age 50 to 79 years with intact uteri with normal endometrial biopsy at entry were randomly assigned to once-daily 0.625mg conjugated @entity1641 @entity172 plus 2.5mg @entity11796 (n = 8506) as a single pill or matching placebo (n = 8102). Follow-up beyond the original trial completion date required reconsent, obtained from 12 788 (83%) of surviving @entity1 . Analyses were by intent-to-treat. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: After 5.6 years' median intervention and 13 years' median cumulative follow-up, there were fewer @entity1204 in the combined hormone therapy compared with the placebo group (66 vs 95 case @entity1 , yearly incidence, 0.06% vs 0.10%; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48 to 0.89, P = .007). While there were somewhat fewer @entity1204 during intervention (25 vs 30, respectively; HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.45 to 1.31), the difference became statistically significant postintervention (41 vs 65, respectively; HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.88, P = .008), but hazard ratios did not differ between phases (P difference = .46). There was a statistically nonsignificant reduction in @entity204 from @entity1204 in the @entity172 plus @entity1871 group (5 vs 11 @entity204 , HR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.15 to 1.22). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal @entity1 , continuous combined @entity172 plus @entity1871 decreases @entity1204 incidence.

title: Continuous Combined @entity172 Plus @entity1871 and Endometrial Cancer: The XXXX 's Health Initiative Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: The efficacy of @entity5 cell-immune cell interactions depends on a number of factors, for example, the expression of HLA-I on @entity5 cells, the type of immune cell, the accessibility of @entity5 cells for immune cells and the expression of immunogenic epitopes. We assessed infiltration of @entity404 +, @entity405 +, @entity2940 + and @entity4755 + cells in the @entity5 epithelium, @entity5 stroma and advancing @entity5 margin of 93 @entity14 and correlated this to clinicopathological parameters, the expression of @entity1529 and @entity1530 /C on @entity5 cells, the presence of a basal membrane (BM)-like structure surrounding @entity5 nodules and the presence of microsatellite instability/mutator phenotype (absent @entity6756 expression). The median intraepithelial @entity404 +, @entity405 +, @entity2940 + and @entity4755 + cell infiltrations were 3, 23, 0 and 0 cells/mm(2) @entity5 , respectively. @entity1529 /BC expression by @entity5 cells was normal in 28/43%, heterogeneous in 59/48% and absent in 13/9% of the cases. A BM-like structure surrounding the @entity5 nodules was absent, present and thick in 47, 38 and 15% of the cases. Six cases lost @entity6756 expression. There was a positive correlation between leukocyte infiltration in the three compartments for @entity404 +, @entity405 +, @entity2940 + (partly) and @entity4755 + (all P<0.05) cell infiltration. Intraepithelial @entity405 + cell infiltration inversely correlated with @entity1529 (P=0.04) and @entity1530 /C expression (P=0.04). Intraepithelial @entity4755 + cell infiltration inversely correlated with @entity1530 /C expression (P=0.04). Moreover, intraepithelial infiltration of @entity405 + and @entity4755 + cells was inversely correlated to the presence of a BM-like structure (P=0.003 and 0.04, respectively). Uni- and multivariate analyses showed that a lower @entity5 stage (P=0.004) and marked infiltration of @entity405 + (P=0.04) and @entity4755 + cells (P=0.05) at the advancing @entity5 margin were independent prognostic factors for a longer disease-free survival. Loss of @entity6756 expression was correlated with a significantly higher intraepithelial @entity405 + and @entity4755 + cell infiltration. We conclude that infiltration of @entity405 + and @entity4755 + cells are important prognostic factors in @entity14 . However, their interaction with @entity5 cells is inversely correlated to the presence of HLA-I on @entity5 cells and a thick BM-like structure around @entity5 islets. Our data indicate that NK cells might play an important role in the immune surveillance in @entity14 @entity1 .

title: Immune system and prognosis in XXXX : a detailed immunohistochemical analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer', 'colorectal carcinomas']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity900 plus @entity1487 infusion was given simultaneously with radiation therapy; both were administered every other week. Twenty-seven @entity1 with stage IV disease and three with @entity5 were treated; 57% had T4, 33% had N3, and 10% had M1 disease. Of these @entity1 , 17 (57%) achieved complete response and the rest achieved partial response. However, whether or not a clinically complete response occurred had no effect on subsequent risk for disease recurrence. With a median follow-up of 16 months (range, 6-35), only 11 @entity1 (37%) have had disease recurrence and eight (27%) have died. Of those @entity1 who recurred, six failed in distant sites only, one developed a second head and neck primary, and four (36% of all failures) failed regionally. Normally, greater than 50% of @entity1 who are initially controlled (usually less than 60% of stage IV @entity1 ) would have failed within the first 12 months and greater than or equal to 75% of these would be expected to fail regionally. Nine @entity1 who had received previous treatment or who had M1 disease accounted for six of the recurrences and four of the deaths. Because of the excellent local control, we have cautiously limited surgery to conserve laryngeal, tongue, and mandibular function in selected cases. Neither immediate nor long-term @entity137 from radiation appeared increased. Although no @entity1 with such advanced disease can be considered cured at this time, these results seem to represent a substantial improvement in the quality of life and degree of local control over other approaches. Controlled trials of the sequencing of radiation and chemotherapy in @entity135 appear indicated.

title: Improved control in advanced @entity135 with simultaneous radiation and XXXX / @entity1487 chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III disease']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity900 plus @entity1487 infusion was given simultaneously with radiation therapy; both were administered every other week. Twenty-seven @entity1 with stage IV disease and three with @entity5 were treated; 57% had T4, 33% had N3, and 10% had M1 disease. Of these @entity1 , 17 (57%) achieved complete response and the rest achieved partial response. However, whether or not a clinically complete response occurred had no effect on subsequent risk for disease recurrence. With a median follow-up of 16 months (range, 6-35), only 11 @entity1 (37%) have had disease recurrence and eight (27%) have died. Of those @entity1 who recurred, six failed in distant sites only, one developed a second head and neck primary, and four (36% of all failures) failed regionally. Normally, greater than 50% of @entity1 who are initially controlled (usually less than 60% of stage IV @entity1 ) would have failed within the first 12 months and greater than or equal to 75% of these would be expected to fail regionally. Nine @entity1 who had received previous treatment or who had M1 disease accounted for six of the recurrences and four of the deaths. Because of the excellent local control, we have cautiously limited surgery to conserve laryngeal, tongue, and mandibular function in selected cases. Neither immediate nor long-term @entity137 from radiation appeared increased. Although no @entity1 with such advanced disease can be considered cured at this time, these results seem to represent a substantial improvement in the quality of life and degree of local control over other approaches. Controlled trials of the sequencing of radiation and chemotherapy in @entity135 appear indicated.

title: Improved control in advanced @entity135 with simultaneous radiation and @entity900 / XXXX chemotherapy.

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-FU']


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity900 plus @entity1487 infusion was given simultaneously with radiation therapy; both were administered every other week. Twenty-seven @entity1 with stage IV disease and three with @entity5 were treated; 57% had T4, 33% had N3, and 10% had M1 disease. Of these @entity1 , 17 (57%) achieved complete response and the rest achieved partial response. However, whether or not a clinically complete response occurred had no effect on subsequent risk for disease recurrence. With a median follow-up of 16 months (range, 6-35), only 11 @entity1 (37%) have had disease recurrence and eight (27%) have died. Of those @entity1 who recurred, six failed in distant sites only, one developed a second head and neck primary, and four (36% of all failures) failed regionally. Normally, greater than 50% of @entity1 who are initially controlled (usually less than 60% of stage IV @entity1 ) would have failed within the first 12 months and greater than or equal to 75% of these would be expected to fail regionally. Nine @entity1 who had received previous treatment or who had M1 disease accounted for six of the recurrences and four of the deaths. Because of the excellent local control, we have cautiously limited surgery to conserve laryngeal, tongue, and mandibular function in selected cases. Neither immediate nor long-term @entity137 from radiation appeared increased. Although no @entity1 with such advanced disease can be considered cured at this time, these results seem to represent a substantial improvement in the quality of life and degree of local control over other approaches. Controlled trials of the sequencing of radiation and chemotherapy in @entity135 appear indicated.

title: Improved control in advanced XXXX with simultaneous radiation and @entity900 / @entity1487 chemotherapy.

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: We present an overview of the treatment and clinical outcome of 15 @entity19166 , carried out in our center from 1993 to 2002. The surgical approach was determined by the location, and type of the lesion. Lateral orbitotomy was performed in five laterally located lesions, a transconjunctival approach in five medial, basal, extra-, intraconal lesions. Pterional intradural and extradural and intradural approaches (three) were used in case of intracranial involvement or location in the apex and optic canal. Two lesions of the lid or extraconal space were operated via @entity25221 . Ten @entity1 were diagnosed as extranodal @entity1074 . Diffuse large @entity1892 (DLCL) was encountered in two @entity1 , @entity706 ( @entity706 ) in two @entity1 , and diffuse lymphoplasmacytic/ @entity8057 in one @entity1 . All @entity1 except one failed to reveal @entity262 and had a localized @entity19166 . Twelve of the @entity1 responded to radiation therapy with usually 40 Gy. @entity786 , @entity632 , @entity1891 , @entity229 chemotherapy was applied in two @entity1 , once in combination with radiotherapy. Local recurrence was seen in one @entity1 with @entity706 . Systemic manifestation occurred in one @entity1 with DLCL, undergoing @entity1260 , @entity3003 , @entity2879 chemotherapy with complete remission. The course of orbital @entity1893 is variable and requires a multidisciplinary treatment. Therapeutic options include surgical biopsy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

title: Treatment of primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['FCL', 'follicular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['marginal zone lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity25221 :: ('MESH:C536084', 'Disease') :: ['eyebrow incision']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity8057 :: ('MESH:D008258', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity19166 :: ('MESH:C537131', 'Disease') :: ['orbital lymphoma', 'orbital lymphomas']

answer: @entity19166 :: (MESH:C537131,Disease) :: ['orbital lymphomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the activation of clotting systems in @entity1 with @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ) by measuring the plasma D-dimer level and to determine the effect of low-dose @entity1229 on D-dimer level during @entity432 . METHODS: Plasma D-dimer level was measured in 65 blood samples of 37 adult @entity1 with @entity3458 who were hospitalized for vaso-occlusive @entity158 . D-dimer level of @entity1 who were on low-dose @entity1229 was compared with those @entity1 who were not on any anticoagulation treatment. Analysis of variance (anova) was carried out to determine factors significantly associated with low D-dimer level in @entity1 with @entity3458 . The following factors were included in the anova model; @entity1229 , homozygous hemoglobin S, history of blood transfusion in past 3 months, @entity1862 , hemoglobin S%, hemoglobin F%, white blood cell counts, hemoglobin level, platelet count, and plasma @entity2002 level. RESULTS: Overall median D-dimer level in 65 samples was 2.7 microg @entity2002 equivalent units (FEU)/mL (0.34-4). @entity1 who were on low-dose @entity1229 had a median D-dimer level of 0.81 microg FEU/mL (0.34-1.8) compared with 3.1 microg FEU/mL (0.94-4) in those @entity1 who were not on anticoagulation treatment. Using anova to model D-dimer levels, only @entity1229 was significantly correlated with low D-dimer levels after controlling for other variables. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity3458 during vaso-occulsive @entity158 have an elevated D-dimer level. Low-dose anticoagulation treatment is associated with a significant reduction in the D-dimer levels.

title: Effect of low-dose XXXX on D-dimer levels during sickle cell @entity432 : a brief report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful crisis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vaso-occlusive crisis']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['warfarin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the activation of clotting systems in @entity1 with @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ) by measuring the plasma D-dimer level and to determine the effect of low-dose @entity1229 on D-dimer level during @entity432 . METHODS: Plasma D-dimer level was measured in 65 blood samples of 37 adult @entity1 with @entity3458 who were hospitalized for vaso-occlusive @entity158 . D-dimer level of @entity1 who were on low-dose @entity1229 was compared with those @entity1 who were not on any anticoagulation treatment. Analysis of variance (anova) was carried out to determine factors significantly associated with low D-dimer level in @entity1 with @entity3458 . The following factors were included in the anova model; @entity1229 , homozygous hemoglobin S, history of blood transfusion in past 3 months, @entity1862 , hemoglobin S%, hemoglobin F%, white blood cell counts, hemoglobin level, platelet count, and plasma @entity2002 level. RESULTS: Overall median D-dimer level in 65 samples was 2.7 microg @entity2002 equivalent units (FEU)/mL (0.34-4). @entity1 who were on low-dose @entity1229 had a median D-dimer level of 0.81 microg FEU/mL (0.34-1.8) compared with 3.1 microg FEU/mL (0.94-4) in those @entity1 who were not on anticoagulation treatment. Using anova to model D-dimer levels, only @entity1229 was significantly correlated with low D-dimer levels after controlling for other variables. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity3458 during vaso-occulsive @entity158 have an elevated D-dimer level. Low-dose anticoagulation treatment is associated with a significant reduction in the D-dimer levels.

title: Effect of low-dose @entity1229 on D-dimer levels during sickle cell XXXX : a brief report.

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['vaso-occlusive crisis']


abstract: This paper offers a quantitative evaluation of the scientific information produced in Brazil on several @entity66 : @entity1526 , @entity2040 , @entity232 , @entity1201 , @entity311 and @entity6565 . The source of data was the Index Medicus Latino Americano (IMLA), and the published scientific information was analyzed in general and specifically, by type of disease and year of publication. The indexed production of articles on the material of the Latin American countries as a whole increased from 3,506 articles in 1978 to 5,528 in 1982 (for an increase of 52.7%), whereas that of Brazil alone rose from 1,781 to 2,531 (an increase of 42.1%) during the same period. The output of articles on @entity66 totaled 703 papers (6.3% of the total indexed production). Of this total, 441 (62.7%) was on applied research and 262 (37.3%) were on basic research, and these proportions held relatively constant. @entity1526 and @entity2040 accounted for 75.2% of that total over the period considered. The production of papers on the diseases of interest grew 79.2%, at the same rate as that of all biomedical information published in Brazil over the period. An equilibrium was reached between the numbers of basic and applied papers. The analysis also identified the core of Brazilian periodicals that most frequently publish information on those endemics. It was also found that a large proportion of articles by Brazilian authors are published in journals of international circulation, and the foreign journals that publish papers by researchers in Brazil were identified.

title: [Analysis of scientific information published in Brazil in 5 years on @entity1526 , @entity2040 , @entity311 , @entity232 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity6565 :: ('MESH:D005368', 'Disease') :: ['filariasis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['endemic diseases']

entities_list: @entity232 :: ('MESH:D007896', 'Disease') :: ['leishmaniasis']

entities_list: @entity1526 :: ('MESH:D014355', 'Disease') :: ["Chagas' disease"]

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

answer: @entity6565 :: (MESH:D005368,Disease) :: ['filariasis']


abstract: This paper offers a quantitative evaluation of the scientific information produced in Brazil on several @entity66 : @entity1526 , @entity2040 , @entity232 , @entity1201 , @entity311 and @entity6565 . The source of data was the Index Medicus Latino Americano (IMLA), and the published scientific information was analyzed in general and specifically, by type of disease and year of publication. The indexed production of articles on the material of the Latin American countries as a whole increased from 3,506 articles in 1978 to 5,528 in 1982 (for an increase of 52.7%), whereas that of Brazil alone rose from 1,781 to 2,531 (an increase of 42.1%) during the same period. The output of articles on @entity66 totaled 703 papers (6.3% of the total indexed production). Of this total, 441 (62.7%) was on applied research and 262 (37.3%) were on basic research, and these proportions held relatively constant. @entity1526 and @entity2040 accounted for 75.2% of that total over the period considered. The production of papers on the diseases of interest grew 79.2%, at the same rate as that of all biomedical information published in Brazil over the period. An equilibrium was reached between the numbers of basic and applied papers. The analysis also identified the core of Brazilian periodicals that most frequently publish information on those endemics. It was also found that a large proportion of articles by Brazilian authors are published in journals of international circulation, and the foreign journals that publish papers by researchers in Brazil were identified.

title: [Analysis of scientific information published in Brazil in 5 years on @entity1526 , @entity2040 , @entity311 , XXXX and @entity6565 ].

answer: @entity232 :: (MESH:D007896,Disease) :: ['leishmaniasis']


abstract: This paper offers a quantitative evaluation of the scientific information produced in Brazil on several @entity66 : @entity1526 , @entity2040 , @entity232 , @entity1201 , @entity311 and @entity6565 . The source of data was the Index Medicus Latino Americano (IMLA), and the published scientific information was analyzed in general and specifically, by type of disease and year of publication. The indexed production of articles on the material of the Latin American countries as a whole increased from 3,506 articles in 1978 to 5,528 in 1982 (for an increase of 52.7%), whereas that of Brazil alone rose from 1,781 to 2,531 (an increase of 42.1%) during the same period. The output of articles on @entity66 totaled 703 papers (6.3% of the total indexed production). Of this total, 441 (62.7%) was on applied research and 262 (37.3%) were on basic research, and these proportions held relatively constant. @entity1526 and @entity2040 accounted for 75.2% of that total over the period considered. The production of papers on the diseases of interest grew 79.2%, at the same rate as that of all biomedical information published in Brazil over the period. An equilibrium was reached between the numbers of basic and applied papers. The analysis also identified the core of Brazilian periodicals that most frequently publish information on those endemics. It was also found that a large proportion of articles by Brazilian authors are published in journals of international circulation, and the foreign journals that publish papers by researchers in Brazil were identified.

title: [Analysis of scientific information published in Brazil in 5 years on XXXX , @entity2040 , @entity311 , @entity232 and @entity6565 ].

answer: @entity1526 :: (MESH:D014355,Disease) :: ['Chagas disease']


abstract: This paper offers a quantitative evaluation of the scientific information produced in Brazil on several @entity66 : @entity1526 , @entity2040 , @entity232 , @entity1201 , @entity311 and @entity6565 . The source of data was the Index Medicus Latino Americano (IMLA), and the published scientific information was analyzed in general and specifically, by type of disease and year of publication. The indexed production of articles on the material of the Latin American countries as a whole increased from 3,506 articles in 1978 to 5,528 in 1982 (for an increase of 52.7%), whereas that of Brazil alone rose from 1,781 to 2,531 (an increase of 42.1%) during the same period. The output of articles on @entity66 totaled 703 papers (6.3% of the total indexed production). Of this total, 441 (62.7%) was on applied research and 262 (37.3%) were on basic research, and these proportions held relatively constant. @entity1526 and @entity2040 accounted for 75.2% of that total over the period considered. The production of papers on the diseases of interest grew 79.2%, at the same rate as that of all biomedical information published in Brazil over the period. An equilibrium was reached between the numbers of basic and applied papers. The analysis also identified the core of Brazilian periodicals that most frequently publish information on those endemics. It was also found that a large proportion of articles by Brazilian authors are published in journals of international circulation, and the foreign journals that publish papers by researchers in Brazil were identified.

title: [Analysis of scientific information published in Brazil in 5 years on @entity1526 , @entity2040 , XXXX , @entity232 and @entity6565 ].

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: This paper offers a quantitative evaluation of the scientific information produced in Brazil on several @entity66 : @entity1526 , @entity2040 , @entity232 , @entity1201 , @entity311 and @entity6565 . The source of data was the Index Medicus Latino Americano (IMLA), and the published scientific information was analyzed in general and specifically, by type of disease and year of publication. The indexed production of articles on the material of the Latin American countries as a whole increased from 3,506 articles in 1978 to 5,528 in 1982 (for an increase of 52.7%), whereas that of Brazil alone rose from 1,781 to 2,531 (an increase of 42.1%) during the same period. The output of articles on @entity66 totaled 703 papers (6.3% of the total indexed production). Of this total, 441 (62.7%) was on applied research and 262 (37.3%) were on basic research, and these proportions held relatively constant. @entity1526 and @entity2040 accounted for 75.2% of that total over the period considered. The production of papers on the diseases of interest grew 79.2%, at the same rate as that of all biomedical information published in Brazil over the period. An equilibrium was reached between the numbers of basic and applied papers. The analysis also identified the core of Brazilian periodicals that most frequently publish information on those endemics. It was also found that a large proportion of articles by Brazilian authors are published in journals of international circulation, and the foreign journals that publish papers by researchers in Brazil were identified.

title: [Analysis of scientific information published in Brazil in 5 years on @entity1526 , XXXX , @entity311 , @entity232 and @entity6565 ].

answer: @entity2040 :: (MESH:D012552,Disease) :: ['schistosomiasis']


abstract: A double-blind, crossover trial was carried out in 40 in- @entity1 with gastro-intestinal spasmodic syndromes to compare the effectiveness and tolerance of @entity50573 and @entity44407 . @entity1 were allocated at random to receive either 100 mg @entity50573 or 150 mg @entity44407 3-times daily for 20 days and were then crossed over, without a wash-out period, to the alternative medication for a further 20 days. After the first dose, @entity158 severity was monitored over 4 hours and changes in intensity compared between groups. During the two 20-day periods, the proportion of @entity1 in complete or almost complete remission was monitored at 10-day intervals, and the pooled data similarly compared. At the end of the 40-day trial period, @entity1 stated their preference for one or other treatment, and the relevant data were processed by sequential analysis. Subjective signs of adverse effects were monitored by questioning every 10 days, and haematology and haematochemistry before and after each phase of the study. The results showed that @entity50573 produced significantly greater @entity158 relief after a single dose in comparison with @entity44407 over the 4 hours of observation. Similarly, it gave significantly more favourable clinical results after both the 10th and 20th day of treatment. Finally, according to the @entity1 ' preference, @entity50573 was significantly preferred (p less than 0.05) in comparison with @entity44407 . Neither treatment was associated with the onset of signs of possible adverse reactions, either subjective or objective.

title: XXXX : smooth muscle synchronizer for the management of gastro-intestinal conditions. II. A @entity44407 -controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical evaluation.

entities_list: @entity44407 :: ('MESH:D014287', 'Chemical') :: ['trimebutine']

entities_list: @entity50573 :: ('MESH:C048314', 'Chemical') :: ['fenoverine']

answer: @entity50573 :: (MESH:C048314,Chemical) :: ['Fenoverine']


abstract: A double-blind, crossover trial was carried out in 40 in- @entity1 with gastro-intestinal spasmodic syndromes to compare the effectiveness and tolerance of @entity50573 and @entity44407 . @entity1 were allocated at random to receive either 100 mg @entity50573 or 150 mg @entity44407 3-times daily for 20 days and were then crossed over, without a wash-out period, to the alternative medication for a further 20 days. After the first dose, @entity158 severity was monitored over 4 hours and changes in intensity compared between groups. During the two 20-day periods, the proportion of @entity1 in complete or almost complete remission was monitored at 10-day intervals, and the pooled data similarly compared. At the end of the 40-day trial period, @entity1 stated their preference for one or other treatment, and the relevant data were processed by sequential analysis. Subjective signs of adverse effects were monitored by questioning every 10 days, and haematology and haematochemistry before and after each phase of the study. The results showed that @entity50573 produced significantly greater @entity158 relief after a single dose in comparison with @entity44407 over the 4 hours of observation. Similarly, it gave significantly more favourable clinical results after both the 10th and 20th day of treatment. Finally, according to the @entity1 ' preference, @entity50573 was significantly preferred (p less than 0.05) in comparison with @entity44407 . Neither treatment was associated with the onset of signs of possible adverse reactions, either subjective or objective.

title: @entity50573 : smooth muscle synchronizer for the management of gastro-intestinal conditions. II. A XXXX -controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical evaluation.

answer: @entity44407 :: (MESH:D014287,Chemical) :: ['trimebutine']