abstract: Objective: Poor sleep is a frequent symptom in @entity1 with @entity15 ( @entity15 ). The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between nocturnal polysomnographic (PSG) findings and quality of sleep, fatigue, and increased @entity25 among @entity1 with @entity15 . Methods: Clinical characteristics were collected. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), @entity3777 ( @entity3777 ), @entity25 ( @entity25 ), and International @entity4531 Rating Scale were used to assess quality of sleep, fatigue, excessive @entity25 , and the presence of @entity4531 ( @entity4531 ). All @entity1 underwent nocturnal diagnostic PSG examination. Results: Fifty @entity1 with @entity15 were enrolled into the study. Age was the only independent variable significantly determining @entity27 index and @entity894 ( @entity894 ) (beta = 0.369, p = 0.010, beta 0.301, p = 0.040). PSQI and @entity25 score were significantly higher in a population with @entity4531 (p = 0.004, p = 0.011). @entity3777 significantly correlated with @entity894 (r = 0.400, p = 0.048). Presence of @entity4531 was the only independent variable significantly determining PSQI and @entity25 (p = 0.005, p = 0.025). @entity894 and presence of @entity4531 were independent variables determining @entity3777 (p = 0.015, p = 0.024). Conclusion: Presence of @entity4531 seems to be the main factor determining poor sleep, fatigue, and daytime somnolence. @entity25 @entity1353 and its severity influences only fatigue in @entity1 with @entity15 .

title: @entity25 in XXXX With @entity15 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Objective: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) is a @entity74 associated with a multitude of adverse outcomes when left untreated. There is significant heterogeneity in the evaluation and management of @entity27 resulting in variation in cost and outcomes. Thus, the goal for developing these measures was to have a way to evaluate the outcomes and reliability of the processes involved with the standard care approaches used in the diagnosis and management of @entity27 . The @entity27 quality care metrics presented here focus on both outcomes and processes. The AASM commissioned the Adult @entity27 Quality Measures Workgroup to develop quality care metrics aimed at optimizing care for @entity1 with @entity27 . These quality care metrics developed by the Adult @entity27 Quality Measures Workgroup are an extension of the original Centers for Medicare _ Medicaid Services (CMS) approved Physician Quality Reporting System (PQRS) measures group for @entity27 . The measures are based on the available scientific evidence, focus on public safety, and strive to improve quality of life and cardiovascular outcomes for individual @entity27 @entity1 . The three outcome measures that were selected were as follows: (1) improve disease detection and categorization; (2) improve quality of life; and (3) reduce cardiovascular risk. After determining these relevant outcome measures, a total of ten process measures were chosen that could be applied and assessed for the purpose of accomplishing the outcomes measures. The measures described in this document may be reported through the @entity1 Quality Reporting System (PQRS) in addition to, or as a replacement for, the current @entity27 measures group. The overall objective for the development of these measures is that implementation of these quality metrics will result in improved @entity1 outcomes, reduce the public health burden of @entity27 , and provide a measurable standard for evaluating and managing @entity27 .

title: Quality Measures for the Care of Adult XXXX with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['prevalent disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Mathematical models of the proximal tubule (PT), loop of Henle (LOH), and distal nephron have been combined to simulate transport by @entity35 renal tubules. The ensemble is composed of 24,000 superficial (SF) nephrons and 12,000 juxtamedullary (JM) nephrons in 5 classes (according to LOH length); all coalesce into 7,200 connecting tubules (CNT). Medullary interstitial solute concentrations are specified. The model equations require that each nephron glomerular filtration rate (GFR) satisfies a tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) relationship, and each initial hydrostatic pressure yields a common CNT pressure; that common CNT pressure is determined from an overall distal hydraulic resistance to flow. By virtue of the greater GFR for JM nephrons, fluid delivery to SF and JM tubules is comparable. Glucose reabsorption is restricted to the PT, cotransported with one Na in the convoluted tubule ( @entity71536 ), and two Na in the straight tubule ( @entity21145 ). Increasing ambient glucose from 5 to 10 mM increases proximal Na reabsorption and decreases distal delivery. This is mitigated by a TGF-mediated increase in GFR, and may thus be an etiology for TGF-mediated glomerular hyperfiltration. With @entity71536 inhibition by 95%, the model predicts that under normoglycemic conditions about 60% of filtered glucose will still be reabsorbed, so that profound @entity10200 is not to be expected. Compared with glucose-driven osmotic diuresis, @entity71536 inhibition provokes greater natriuresis. When @entity4854 is superimposed on @entity71536 inhibition, the model suggests that natriuresis may be severe, reflecting synergy of a proximal diuretic and osmotic diuresis. In sum, the model captures TGF-mediated diabetic hyperfiltration and predicts glomerular protection with @entity71536 inhibition.

title: A mathematical model of the XXXX nephron: glucose transport.

entities_list: @entity10200 :: ('MESH:D006029', 'Disease') :: ['glycosuria']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Haemodynamic forces appear to play an influential role in the evolution of @entity439 . This has led to numerous studies, usually based on computational fluid dynamics. Their focus is predominantly on the @entity1642 ( @entity1642 ) and associated derived parameters, attempting to find correlations between particular patterns of haemodynamic indices and regions subjected to disease formation and progression. The indices are generally determined by integration of flow properties over a single cardiac cycle. In this study, we illustrate that in some cases the transitional flow in @entity439 can lead to significantly different @entity1642 distributions in consecutive cardiac cycles. Accurate determination of time-averaged haemodynamic indices may thus require simulation of a large number of cycles, which contrasts with the common approach to determine parameters using data from a single cycle. To demonstrate the role of transitional flow, two exemplary cases are considered: flow in an @entity1028 and in an @entity438 . The key differences that are observed between these cases are explained in terms of the integral timescale of the transitional flows in comparison with the cardiac cycle duration: for relatively small geometries, transients will decay before the next cardiac cycle. In larger geometries, transients are still present when the systolic phase produces new instabilities. These residual fluctuations serve as random initial conditions and thus seed different flow patterns in each cycle. To judge whether statistics are converged, the derived indices from at least two successive cardiac cycles should be compared.

title: Transitional flow in XXXX and the computation of haemodynamic parameters.

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['WSS', 'wall shear stress']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the consequences of a national immunization program with HPV vaccine for both @entity1 and @entity1 in Denmark, including the prophylactic effects on all potentially vaccine preventable @entity66 in male and female. METHODS: The study focussed on the quadrivalent vaccine which protects against @entity196 , 11, 16 and 18, and the vaccine's protection against genital warts, @entity3146 , cervical @entity5 (anal, @entity5 ) and @entity135 (oral cavity, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and @entity5 ) were included in the analyses. In general, the analysis was performed in two phases. First, an agent-based transmission model that described the HPV transmission without and with HPV vaccination was applied. Second, an analysis of the incremental costs and effects was performed. The model did not include naturally-acquired immunity to HPV in the simulations. RESULTS: In the base case result (i.e. vaccination of @entity1 only, 85% vaccination rate, private market price at     123 per dose ex. VAT) an ICER of 3583    /QALY (3-dose regime) is estimated when all @entity66 are taken into account. Vaccination of @entity1 _ @entity1 vs. vaccination of @entity1 only an ICER of 28,031    /QALY (2-dose regime) and 41,636    /QALY (3-dose regime) is estimated. CONCLUSIONS: Extension of the current HPV programme in Denmark to include @entity1 and @entity1 is a cost effective preventive intervention that would lead to a faster prevention of @entity5 , @entity5 precursors and genital warts in @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Revisiting the cost-effectiveness of universal HPV-vaccination in Denmark accounting for all potentially vaccine preventable XXXX in males and females.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'girls', 'boys', 'men']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['HPV-related diseases', 'HPV-associated diseases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['penile, vaginal and vulvar cancer', 'laryngeal cancer', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'cancer, anogenital cancer']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['HPV-related diseases']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the potential benefit of systematic preoperative @entity453 angiography followed by selective @entity453 revascularization on the incidence of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) in @entity1 undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) without a previous history of @entity453 ( @entity453 ). METHODS: We randomised 426 @entity1 who were candidates for CEA, with no history of @entity453 , a normal electrocardiogram (ECG), and a normal cardiac ultrasound. In group A (n  =  216) all @entity1 underwent coronary angiography before CEA. In group B (n  =  210) CEA was performed without coronary angiography. @entity1 were not blinded for relevant assessments during follow-up. Primary end-point was the occurrence of @entity583 at 3.5 years. The secondary end-point was the overall survival rate. Median length of follow-up was 6.2 years. RESULTS: In group A, coronary angiography revealed significant @entity3979 in 68 @entity1 (31.5%). Among them, 66 underwent percutaneous Intervention (PCI) prior to CEA and 2 received combined CEA and @entity453 bypass grafting (CABG). Postoperatively, no @entity583 was observed in group A, whereas 6 @entity583 occurred in group B, one of which was fatal (p  =  .01). During the study period, 3 @entity583 occurred in group A (1.4%) and 33 were observed in group B (15.7%), 6 of which were fatal. The Cox model demonstrated a reduced risk of @entity583 for @entity1 in group A receiving coronary angiography (HR,.078; 95% CI, 0.024-0.256; p  <  .001). In addition, @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity1 <70 years presented with an increased risk of @entity583 . Survival analysis at 6 years by Kaplan-Meier estimates was 95.6      3.2% in Group A and 89.7      3.7% in group B (Log Rank  =  6.54, p  =  .01). CONCLUSIONS: In asymptomatic @entity453 @entity1 , systematic coronary angiography prior to CEA followed by selective PCI or CABG significantly reduces the incidence of late @entity583 and increases long-term survival. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02260453).

title: Long-term results of a randomized controlled trial analyzing the role of systematic pre-operative coronary angiography before elective carotid endarterectomy in @entity1 with asymptomatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease', 'coronary-artery']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the potential benefit of systematic preoperative @entity453 angiography followed by selective @entity453 revascularization on the incidence of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) in @entity1 undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) without a previous history of @entity453 ( @entity453 ). METHODS: We randomised 426 @entity1 who were candidates for CEA, with no history of @entity453 , a normal electrocardiogram (ECG), and a normal cardiac ultrasound. In group A (n  =  216) all @entity1 underwent coronary angiography before CEA. In group B (n  =  210) CEA was performed without coronary angiography. @entity1 were not blinded for relevant assessments during follow-up. Primary end-point was the occurrence of @entity583 at 3.5 years. The secondary end-point was the overall survival rate. Median length of follow-up was 6.2 years. RESULTS: In group A, coronary angiography revealed significant @entity3979 in 68 @entity1 (31.5%). Among them, 66 underwent percutaneous Intervention (PCI) prior to CEA and 2 received combined CEA and @entity453 bypass grafting (CABG). Postoperatively, no @entity583 was observed in group A, whereas 6 @entity583 occurred in group B, one of which was fatal (p  =  .01). During the study period, 3 @entity583 occurred in group A (1.4%) and 33 were observed in group B (15.7%), 6 of which were fatal. The Cox model demonstrated a reduced risk of @entity583 for @entity1 in group A receiving coronary angiography (HR,.078; 95% CI, 0.024-0.256; p  <  .001). In addition, @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity1 <70 years presented with an increased risk of @entity583 . Survival analysis at 6 years by Kaplan-Meier estimates was 95.6      3.2% in Group A and 89.7      3.7% in group B (Log Rank  =  6.54, p  =  .01). CONCLUSIONS: In asymptomatic @entity453 @entity1 , systematic coronary angiography prior to CEA followed by selective PCI or CABG significantly reduces the incidence of late @entity583 and increases long-term survival. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02260453).

title: Long-term results of a randomized controlled trial analyzing the role of systematic pre-operative coronary angiography before elective carotid endarterectomy in XXXX with asymptomatic @entity453 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Limited data are available regarding the oncologic efficacy of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) performed during robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) for @entity263 . We aimed to determine the frequency of pelvic lymph node @entity3 and oncological outcomes following RALP with PLND in @entity1 who did not receive adjuvant @entity342 deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 1740 consecutive @entity1 who underwent RALP and extended PLND. The primary endpoint was biochemical recurrence (BCR). The estimated BCR probability was obtained using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess for predictors of BCR. RESULTS: One hundred and eight @entity1 (6  %) with positive LNs were identified. The median number of LNs removed was 17 (IQR 11-24), and median follow-up was 26  months (IQR 14-43). Ninety-one (84  %) @entity1 did not receive adjuvant ADT of whom 60  % had BCR with a median time to recurrence of 8  months. The 1- and 3-year BCR-free probability was 42 and 28  %, respectively. @entity1 with  <=2 LN+ had significantly better biochemical-free estimated probability compared to those with >2 LN+ (p  =  0.002). The total number of LN+ (HR  =  1.1; 95  % CI 1.01-1.2, p  =  0.04) and Gleason 8-10 (HR  =  1.96; 95  % CI 1.1-3.4, p  =  0.02) were predictors of BCR on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Among @entity1 with positive lymph nodes at time of robotic prostatectomy, those with two or fewer positive nodes and Gleason <8 exhibited favorable biochemical-free survival without adjuvant therapy.

title: Robotic-assisted pelvic lymph node dissection for XXXX : frequency of nodal metastases and oncological outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: During the summer of 1977, an @entity3082 of @entity2462 occurred among adults in Hawaii. The highest attack rate was in @entity1 20-24 years old (226/100,000), with almost total sparing of young schoolchildren. A case-control investigation implicated a specific discotheque as a common place of exposure for @entity1 with onset of disease during the @entity3082 peak (chi 2 = 12.9,p less than 0.001). A piano player/singer at the discotheque was the apparent source of the virus transmission. The large number of cases linked to this musician suggests that airborne transmission occurred while he was singing rather than by direct @entity1 -to- @entity1 contact. @entity2462 vaccine was given to 6523 @entity1 in public clinics held during the @entity3082 . Despite screening for pregnancy and birth control usage, 23 @entity1 (3.5/1000) became pregnant within three months after receiving the vaccine. Eleven of 12 @entity1 who reportedly contracted natural @entity2462 while pregnant elected to terminate their pregnancies; the 12th had a normal appearing @entity1 . The susceptibility rate for all adults tested for @entity2462 hemagglutination inhibition antibody was 36.9%, a rate similar to the found in earlier surveys in Hawaii. The occurrence of this @entity3082 confirms the changing epidemiology of @entity2462 with respect to age distribution and supports the view that vaccination of young @entity1 may not be sufficient to protect adult @entity1 from exposure to @entity2462 , especially in areas where a high proportion of adults remain susceptible.

title: Saturday night fever: a common-source outbreak of XXXX among adults in Hawaii.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'infant', 'person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2462 :: ('MESH:D012409', 'Disease') :: ['Rubella', 'rubella']

answer: @entity2462 :: (MESH:D012409,Disease) :: ['rubella']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, non-invasive methods for screening @entity4726 and @entity356 are lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of serological parameters including serum @entity7597 ( @entity7597 ), @entity7598 ( @entity7598 ) and @entity7597 : II ratio for the screening @entity4726 and @entity356 . METHODS: The study population consisted of 132 dyspeptic @entity1 who had undergone upper endoscopy with biopsy. Blood samples for ELISA assays of serum @entity7597 , @entity7598 and IgG antibodies against @entity1534 were drawn. Comparison between the two groups was done by Student's t- test, and Mann Whitney test. Cut-off points were calculated using receiver operating curves (ROC). RESULTS: Mean (  SD) age of the study population was 51.4 (  15.5) years. Values of @entity7597 and PG ratio decreased significantly in the @entity4726 as compared with the control group (p<0.05). Values of PG and PG ratio didn't show any significant difference between the @entity356 and control group (p>0.05). For @entity1 with @entity4726 , the area under the ROC for @entity7597 was 0.639 (95% CI:0.538-0.741, p=0.008) in which the best cut-off value was 40 g/L (sensitivity 90%, specificity 67%, accuracy 69%, negative predictive value 92%, YI : 0.429). The area under the ROC for PG ratio was 0.711 (95% CI: 0.617-0.806, p=0.0001) and the best cut-off value was 8 (sensitivity 71%, specificity 71%, accuracy 71%, negative predictive value 86%,YI : 0.431). CONCLUSION: It seems that @entity7597 , @entity7597 : @entity7598 ratio is potential biomarkers for screening @entity4726 with high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and negative predictive value. Serology could be used as a screening method for the detection of precancerous states due to its convenience, relative low cost and safety.

title: Accuracy of pepsinogens for early diagnosis of @entity4726 and XXXX in Iranian population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4726 :: ('MESH:D005757', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic gastritis']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, non-invasive methods for screening @entity4726 and @entity356 are lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of serological parameters including serum @entity7597 ( @entity7597 ), @entity7598 ( @entity7598 ) and @entity7597 : II ratio for the screening @entity4726 and @entity356 . METHODS: The study population consisted of 132 dyspeptic @entity1 who had undergone upper endoscopy with biopsy. Blood samples for ELISA assays of serum @entity7597 , @entity7598 and IgG antibodies against @entity1534 were drawn. Comparison between the two groups was done by Student's t- test, and Mann Whitney test. Cut-off points were calculated using receiver operating curves (ROC). RESULTS: Mean (  SD) age of the study population was 51.4 (  15.5) years. Values of @entity7597 and PG ratio decreased significantly in the @entity4726 as compared with the control group (p<0.05). Values of PG and PG ratio didn't show any significant difference between the @entity356 and control group (p>0.05). For @entity1 with @entity4726 , the area under the ROC for @entity7597 was 0.639 (95% CI:0.538-0.741, p=0.008) in which the best cut-off value was 40 g/L (sensitivity 90%, specificity 67%, accuracy 69%, negative predictive value 92%, YI : 0.429). The area under the ROC for PG ratio was 0.711 (95% CI: 0.617-0.806, p=0.0001) and the best cut-off value was 8 (sensitivity 71%, specificity 71%, accuracy 71%, negative predictive value 86%,YI : 0.431). CONCLUSION: It seems that @entity7597 , @entity7597 : @entity7598 ratio is potential biomarkers for screening @entity4726 with high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and negative predictive value. Serology could be used as a screening method for the detection of precancerous states due to its convenience, relative low cost and safety.

title: Accuracy of pepsinogens for early diagnosis of XXXX and @entity356 in Iranian population.

answer: @entity4726 :: (MESH:D005757,Disease) :: ['atrophic gastritis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To delineate an optimal clinical target volume (CTV) for @entity5 by comparing locoregional versus extended locoregional @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) volumes. MATERIALS: This retrospective analysis examined 222 @entity1 (111 matched pairs treated with locoregional versus extended locoregional @entity1161 ) with nonmetastatic @entity189 treated with concurrent chemoradiation    surgery. The CTV for locoregional volumes was defined as gross @entity5 volume + elective coverage of first-echelon nodes and sometimes the celiac axis. The CTV for extended locoregional volumes was defined as gross @entity5 volume + elective coverage of celiac and @entity4558 (  porta) nodes. Variables used for matching included sex, stage, performance status, histology, receipt of induction chemotherapy, type of concurrent chemotherapy, @entity1161 modality, receipt of surgery, type of surgery, and Siewert classification. Regression models stratified by matched pairs were fit to estimate effect of @entity1161 volume on clinical endpoints. RESULTS: Adjusting p values for multiple testing, @entity1 treated with extended locoregional versus locoregional @entity1161 had increased odds of grade 2+ acute chemoradiation-associated @entity344 (odds ratio: 2.92, adj. p = 0.0447). However, differing @entity1161 volumes were not significantly associated with @entity260 rates, pathologic T-stage, frequency of positive perigastric/regional nodes on surgical specimen, distant-metastases progression-free survival, locoregional progression-free survival, or overall survival (adj. p > 0.05). Of the @entity1 who did (n = 124) and did not (n = 72) receive elective celiac @entity1161 , two (1.6%) and two @entity1 (2.8%), respectively, relapsed in the celiac nodes. No @entity1 failed in the @entity4558 or porta nodes. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity5 can be safely treated without elective inclusion of @entity4558 /porta nodes.

title: Comparison of Locoregional versus Extended Locoregional Radiation Volumes for @entity1 with Nonmetastatic Gastro-esophageal Junction XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancers', 'GEJ cancers']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['GEJ carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complication']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Carcinomas']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To delineate an optimal clinical target volume (CTV) for @entity5 by comparing locoregional versus extended locoregional @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) volumes. MATERIALS: This retrospective analysis examined 222 @entity1 (111 matched pairs treated with locoregional versus extended locoregional @entity1161 ) with nonmetastatic @entity189 treated with concurrent chemoradiation    surgery. The CTV for locoregional volumes was defined as gross @entity5 volume + elective coverage of first-echelon nodes and sometimes the celiac axis. The CTV for extended locoregional volumes was defined as gross @entity5 volume + elective coverage of celiac and @entity4558 (  porta) nodes. Variables used for matching included sex, stage, performance status, histology, receipt of induction chemotherapy, type of concurrent chemotherapy, @entity1161 modality, receipt of surgery, type of surgery, and Siewert classification. Regression models stratified by matched pairs were fit to estimate effect of @entity1161 volume on clinical endpoints. RESULTS: Adjusting p values for multiple testing, @entity1 treated with extended locoregional versus locoregional @entity1161 had increased odds of grade 2+ acute chemoradiation-associated @entity344 (odds ratio: 2.92, adj. p = 0.0447). However, differing @entity1161 volumes were not significantly associated with @entity260 rates, pathologic T-stage, frequency of positive perigastric/regional nodes on surgical specimen, distant-metastases progression-free survival, locoregional progression-free survival, or overall survival (adj. p > 0.05). Of the @entity1 who did (n = 124) and did not (n = 72) receive elective celiac @entity1161 , two (1.6%) and two @entity1 (2.8%), respectively, relapsed in the celiac nodes. No @entity1 failed in the @entity4558 or porta nodes. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity5 can be safely treated without elective inclusion of @entity4558 /porta nodes.

title: Comparison of Locoregional versus Extended Locoregional Radiation Volumes for XXXX with Nonmetastatic Gastro-esophageal Junction @entity189 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives: To compare the hearing results and graft take rates of the recently developed gold wire prosthesis with those of the @entity692 partial ossicular replacement prosthesis in @entity1 with @entity102 media. Method: This retrospective study examined @entity1 who underwent type 2 tympanoplasty with a minimum follow up of one year. The study population consisted of 32 @entity1 in the partial ossicular replacement prosthesis group and 26 @entity1 in the gold wire group. The main outcome measures were the graft success rate and level of hearing improvement. Complications and extrusion rates were also noted. Results: The graft take rate was 90.6 per cent for the partial ossicular replacement prosthesis group and 92.3 per cent for the gold wire group (p  =  0.848). Pre-operatively, there were no significant differences in the air or bone-conduction thresholds between groups. Post-operatively, the mean hearing gain was 18.5      14.0  dB in the partial ossicular replacement prosthesis group and 16.5      10.6  dB in the gold wire group (p  =  0.555). The mean air-conduction thresholds were 26.6      12.4 and 32.6      10.5  dB, respectively (p  =  0.027), and the mean bone-conduction thresholds were 9.7      7.0 and 10.4      6.4  dB, respectively (p  =  0.687). Conclusion: The success and complication rates provided by the gold wire prosthesis seem comparable to those of the @entity692 partial ossicular replacement prosthesis.

title: Outcomes with gold wire and XXXX partial ossicular replacement prostheses in type 2 tympanoplasty: a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic otitis']

answer: @entity692 :: (MESH:D017886,Chemical) :: ['hydroxyapatite']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Idiopathic @entity10516 (IGM) is a @entity1558 that has been described as a rare @entity32 ( @entity32 ). It can mimic @entity0 . MASTERIAL AND METHODS: We included @entity1 with a diagnosis of IGM referred to an oncologic hospital between January 01, 2007 and to March 31, 2011, with diagnosis of @entity0 , in whom biopsy reported @entity32 , without other cause related. The aim of this study was to review the clinical, radiologic and pathologic characteristics of a cohort of @entity1 with IGM. RESULTS: We analyzed 58 @entity1 ; mean age was 38    12 years. Mammography showed diffuse asymmetry (n = 19) and focal asymmetry (n = 13); breast ultrasound showed heterogeneous and hypoechoic areas (n = 28) and lumps (n = 21) as the most frequent lesions. All biopsies showed lobulocentric @entity32 . Treatment included antibiotics (n = 20), @entity230 (n = 8), both treatments (n = 20), surgical excision (n = 3) and observation (n = 7). Forty-three @entity1 (74%) had complete remission; mean time to remission was 9.5    5.8 months. Fifteen (26%) had partial remission. Any @entity1 had progression or relapse. CONCLUSIONS: IGM is a benign breast condition that may mimic @entity0 . Ultrasonography and mammography findings reveal characteristic data that can be useful for establishing the diagnosis; however, biopsy is the gold standard for its diagnosis and should be taken in any @entity1 even with a mild suspicion of @entity5 .

title: Idiopathic @entity10516 . Experience at a XXXX center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['GI', 'granulomatous inflammation']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast inflammatory cancer', 'inflammatory breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity10516 :: ('MESH:D058890', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous mastitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['benign breast disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Idiopathic @entity10516 (IGM) is a @entity1558 that has been described as a rare @entity32 ( @entity32 ). It can mimic @entity0 . MASTERIAL AND METHODS: We included @entity1 with a diagnosis of IGM referred to an oncologic hospital between January 01, 2007 and to March 31, 2011, with diagnosis of @entity0 , in whom biopsy reported @entity32 , without other cause related. The aim of this study was to review the clinical, radiologic and pathologic characteristics of a cohort of @entity1 with IGM. RESULTS: We analyzed 58 @entity1 ; mean age was 38    12 years. Mammography showed diffuse asymmetry (n = 19) and focal asymmetry (n = 13); breast ultrasound showed heterogeneous and hypoechoic areas (n = 28) and lumps (n = 21) as the most frequent lesions. All biopsies showed lobulocentric @entity32 . Treatment included antibiotics (n = 20), @entity230 (n = 8), both treatments (n = 20), surgical excision (n = 3) and observation (n = 7). Forty-three @entity1 (74%) had complete remission; mean time to remission was 9.5    5.8 months. Fifteen (26%) had partial remission. Any @entity1 had progression or relapse. CONCLUSIONS: IGM is a benign breast condition that may mimic @entity0 . Ultrasonography and mammography findings reveal characteristic data that can be useful for establishing the diagnosis; however, biopsy is the gold standard for its diagnosis and should be taken in any @entity1 even with a mild suspicion of @entity5 .

title: Idiopathic XXXX . Experience at a @entity5 center.

answer: @entity10516 :: (MESH:D058890,Disease) :: ['granulomatous mastitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the link between @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) reported in the past year and @entity308 in pregnant Mexican @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data were obtained from the National Addictions Survey (ENA) 2008. For the purposes of this paper, we analyzed a sample of @entity1 over 18 who reported being pregnant at the time of the interview (n = 250). When this number is weighted at the population level, it represents 881,575 @entity1 across the country. The   2 test was used to analyze demographic characteristics, prevalence of @entity308 and @entity1004 . A multiple logistic regression was performed to estimate predictors of @entity308 during pregnancy. RESULTS: The prevalence of any type of @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) was 5.4% and of @entity308 was 16.2% (CES-D >=  16). A total of 53.4% of pregnant @entity1 who reported @entity1004 during the past year had @entity308 whereas this occurred in 14.1% of those who had not been victimized. The variables that predicted @entity308 during pregnancy were having been a victim of @entity1004 (OR = 6.23) and having nine years or less of schooling (OR = 5.26). Working outside the home and family income level did not increase the risk of @entity308 in this population. CONCLUSIONS: This population study, representative at the national level, provides an initial overview of the link between @entity1004 and @entity308 in pregnant @entity1 in M  xico. The results highlight the need to expand research on the topics covered, as well as to detect both phenomena in a timely manner during pregnancy in order to propose the necessary care.

title: Intimate partner violence and XXXX in pregnant Mexican @entity1 : national survey results.

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['IPV', 'intimate partner violence']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive symptoms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the link between @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) reported in the past year and @entity308 in pregnant Mexican @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data were obtained from the National Addictions Survey (ENA) 2008. For the purposes of this paper, we analyzed a sample of @entity1 over 18 who reported being pregnant at the time of the interview (n = 250). When this number is weighted at the population level, it represents 881,575 @entity1 across the country. The   2 test was used to analyze demographic characteristics, prevalence of @entity308 and @entity1004 . A multiple logistic regression was performed to estimate predictors of @entity308 during pregnancy. RESULTS: The prevalence of any type of @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) was 5.4% and of @entity308 was 16.2% (CES-D >=  16). A total of 53.4% of pregnant @entity1 who reported @entity1004 during the past year had @entity308 whereas this occurred in 14.1% of those who had not been victimized. The variables that predicted @entity308 during pregnancy were having been a victim of @entity1004 (OR = 6.23) and having nine years or less of schooling (OR = 5.26). Working outside the home and family income level did not increase the risk of @entity308 in this population. CONCLUSIONS: This population study, representative at the national level, provides an initial overview of the link between @entity1004 and @entity308 in pregnant @entity1 in M  xico. The results highlight the need to expand research on the topics covered, as well as to detect both phenomena in a timely manner during pregnancy in order to propose the necessary care.

title: Intimate partner violence and @entity308 in pregnant Mexican XXXX : national survey results.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) is a highly effective modality in the treatment of @entity242 of soft tissue when combined with conservative surgery. @entity1161 followed by surgery is judged to have important clinical advantages over the reverse sequence. Of special significance to the treatment of the pediatric @entity1 is the observation that the treatment volume in preoperative @entity1161 is nearly always smaller than in postoperative @entity1161 . Precise definition of the target volume and utilization of minimum treatment volumes (i.e., reduction of the treatment volume toward the target volume to the greatest extent technically feasible) are particularly important to the improvement of functional results. Data are described for 21 @entity1 who were 21 years old or younger and were treated by @entity1161 and surgery and @entity1161 alone and who have been followed for 3 or more years. Local control of the treated @entity5 was achieved in all 21. Absolute figures for disease-free survival were 5 of 5 and 10 of 16 @entity1 in the 6- to 14- and 15- to 21-year age groups, respectively. Survival results according to stages for the latter group were as follows: stage I, 4 of 4; stage II, 4 of 7; and stage III, 2 of 5. All 9 @entity1 with @entity1492 or @entity6011 survived free of disease. The need for an effective chemotherapy regimen for @entity1 in stages IIB--III is emphasized.

title: Soft tissue XXXX (excluding rhabdomyosarcoma): radiotherapy applications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['RT', 'Radiation therapy']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity6011 :: ('MESH:D018319', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibrosarcoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY: We investigated non-malignancy-associated (     F)fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) uptake in the @entity135 ( @entity135 ) post-treatment follow-up with positron emission tomography - computed tomography / magnetic resonance imaging (PET-CT/MRI). A retrospective study on @entity135 @entity1 undergoing follow-up or re-staging PET-CT/MRI examinations was performed. Thereby, FDG-positive regions were morphologically correlated to the CT and MRI images and a statement regarding @entity5 persistence/recurrence. METHODS: FDG-positive lesions were assessed according to their anatomical localisation and categorised as true positive, true negative, false positive or false negative findings. The gold standard for verification of an FDG-positive lesion was the cytological or histopathological examination of the region of interest. The most likely aetiology was assessed according to the following categories: (1.) physiological uptake (2.) post-surgical, inflammatory uptake, (3.) post-irradiation, inflammatory uptake and (4.) reactive, not otherwise specified. RESULTS: @entity5 recurrence / @entity5 persistence was found in 14/87 @entity1 (16.1%). A total of 159 non-malignancy-associated FDG-positive lesions were found. Every PET-CT/MRI examination revealed 2.1    1.5 FDG-positive lesions in the head and neck. A total of 107 FDG-positive lesions (67.3%) were categorised as physiological, 52 FDG-positive lesions (32.7%) as inflammatory (post-surgical: n = 14, 8.8%; post-irradiation: n = 9, 5.7%; reactive, not otherwise specified: n = 29, 18.2%). Eight @entity1 (11.8%) underwent invasive diagnostic procedures to clarify indistinct findings. CONCLUSIONS: Post-treatment follow-up of @entity135 @entity1 requires interdisciplinary management and familiarity with the @entity1 's past medical history. Awareness of common confounders of FDG positivity often allows clarification of indistinct lesions. However, a substantial number of approximately 12% of FDG-positive lesions remain unclear unless invasive diagnostic procedures are performed.

title: Post-treatment surveillance of XXXX : pitfalls in the interpretation of FDG PET-CT/MRI.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'HNC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumour']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In vivo imaging of inflammatory processes is a valuable tool in @entity64 research. We here investigated the combination of two imaging modalities in the chronic phase after @entity2806 : magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using intravenously applied ultra small supraparamagnetic iron oxide particles (USPIO), and positron emission tomography (PET) with the tracer [(11)C] @entity19943 . METHODS: @entity35 were subjected to permanent @entity2500 (pMCAO) by the macrosphere model and monitored by MRI and PET for 28 or 56days, followed by immunohistochemical endpoint analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first study providing USPIO-MRI data in the chronic phase up to 8weeks after @entity64 . RESULTS: Phagocytes with internalized USPIOs induced @entity9212 (   ) signal alterations in the brain. Combined analysis with [(11)C] @entity19943 -PET allowed quantification of phagocytic activity and other neuroinflammatory processes. From 4weeks after induction of @entity63 , @entity32 was dominated by phagocytes. Immunohistochemistry revealed colocalization of @entity11654 + microglia with [(11)C] @entity19943 and @entity22577 / @entity469 with USPIOs. USPIO-related iron was distinguished from alternatively deposited iron by assessing MRI before and after USPIO application. Tissue affected by non-phagocytic @entity32 during the first week mostly remained in a viably vital but remodeled state after 4 or 8weeks, while phagocytic activity was associated with @entity130 and @entity39 accordingly. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the combined approach of USPIO-MRI and [(11)C] @entity19943 -PET allows to observe post- @entity64 inflammatory processes in the living animal in an intraindividual and longitudinal fashion, predicting long-term tissue fate. The non-invasive imaging methods do not affect the immune system and have been applied to @entity1 subjects before. Translation into clinical applications is therefore feasible.

title: In vivo analysis of neuroinflammation in the late chronic phase after experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['severe injury']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2012, WHO changed its recommendation for intermittent preventive treatment of @entity311 during pregnancy (IPTp) from two doses to monthly doses of @entity9230 - @entity4765 during the second and third trimesters, but noted the importance of a cost-effectiveness analysis to lend support to the decision of policy makers. We therefore estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness of IPTp with three or more (IPTp-SP3+) versus two doses of @entity1484 (IPTp-SP2). METHODS: For this analysis, we used data from a 2013 meta-analysis of seven studies in sub-Saharan Africa. We developed a decision tree model with a lifetime horizon. We analysed the base case from a societal perspective. We did deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses with appropriate parameter ranges and distributions for settings with low, moderate, and high background risk of low birthweight, and did a separate analysis for @entity645 -negative @entity1 . Parameters in the model were obtained for all countries included in the original meta-analysis. We did simulations in hypothetical cohorts of 1000 pregnant @entity1 receiving either IPTp-SP3+ or IPTp-SP2. We calculated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for low birthweight, severe to moderate @entity417 , and clinical @entity311 . We calculated cost estimates from data obtained in observational studies, exit surveys, and from public procurement databases. We give financial and economic costs in constant 2012 US . The main outcome measure was the incremental cost per DALY averted. FINDINGS: The delivery of IPTp-SP3+ to 1000 pregnant @entity1 averted 113  4 DALYs at an incremental cost of  825  67 producing an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of  7  28 per DALY averted. The results remained robust in the deterministic sensitivity analysis. In the probabilistic sensitivity analyses, the ICER was  7  7 per DALY averted for moderate risk of low birthweight,  19  4 per DALY averted for low risk, and  4  0 per DALY averted for high risk. The ICER for @entity645 -negative @entity1 was  6  2 per DALY averted. INTERPRETATION: Our findings lend strong support to the WHO guidelines that recommend a monthly dose of IPTp-SP from the second trimester onwards. FUNDING: Malaria in Pregnancy Consortium and the Bill _ Melinda Gates Foundation.

title: Cost-effectiveness of two versus three or more doses of intermittent preventive treatment for XXXX during pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a modelling study of meta-analysis and cost data.

entities_list: @entity1484 :: ('MESH:C001205', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine']

entities_list: @entity9230 :: ('MESH:D013413', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfadoxine']

entities_list: @entity4765 :: ('MESH:D011739', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimethamine']

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: Prognosis of @entity1 with @entity6 or @entity1575 can be worsened by the development of a variety of @entity166 . We describe a case of @entity4340 and @entity298 in a 58-year-old @entity1 with type  C @entity1575 and @entity6 hospitalized after having an elevated temperature caused by @entity293 for 2  months. The @entity82 had not been treated and daily self-administration of @entity2690 had been discontinued for the previous 5  months. On day  2 of hospitalization, @entity391 and decreased blood pressure developed. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed @entity843 , @entity516 , and @entity4340 . Laparotomy revealed @entity4340 and @entity298 without @entity344 and @entity4340 perforation. Surgical drainage of the abscess and peritoneal cavity was performed. Immediately after the operation, upper @entity360 , shock, @entity4053 , and @entity520 developed, followed by @entity1578 , @entity177 , and @entity75 . @entity204 occurred on postoperative day  19. Upon autopsy, @entity298 , and @entity293 were confirmed. We surmise that untreated @entity1575 and @entity6 is a risk for @entity293 that may spread in iliopsoas and free peritoneal space.

title: Psoas abscess and XXXX caused by @entity293 in a @entity1 of @entity1575 and @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4340 :: ('MESH:D016659', 'Disease') :: ['psoas abscess']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal perforation']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity516 :: ('MESH:D011027', 'Disease') :: ['pneumoperitoneum']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial peritonitis residue of psoas abscess', 'bacterial peritonitis']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['bacterial peritonitis']


abstract: Prognosis of @entity1 with @entity6 or @entity1575 can be worsened by the development of a variety of @entity166 . We describe a case of @entity4340 and @entity298 in a 58-year-old @entity1 with type  C @entity1575 and @entity6 hospitalized after having an elevated temperature caused by @entity293 for 2  months. The @entity82 had not been treated and daily self-administration of @entity2690 had been discontinued for the previous 5  months. On day  2 of hospitalization, @entity391 and decreased blood pressure developed. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed @entity843 , @entity516 , and @entity4340 . Laparotomy revealed @entity4340 and @entity298 without @entity344 and @entity4340 perforation. Surgical drainage of the abscess and peritoneal cavity was performed. Immediately after the operation, upper @entity360 , shock, @entity4053 , and @entity520 developed, followed by @entity1578 , @entity177 , and @entity75 . @entity204 occurred on postoperative day  19. Upon autopsy, @entity298 , and @entity293 were confirmed. We surmise that untreated @entity1575 and @entity6 is a risk for @entity293 that may spread in iliopsoas and free peritoneal space.

title: Psoas abscess and @entity298 caused by XXXX in a @entity1 of @entity1575 and @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infection']


abstract: Prognosis of @entity1 with @entity6 or @entity1575 can be worsened by the development of a variety of @entity166 . We describe a case of @entity4340 and @entity298 in a 58-year-old @entity1 with type  C @entity1575 and @entity6 hospitalized after having an elevated temperature caused by @entity293 for 2  months. The @entity82 had not been treated and daily self-administration of @entity2690 had been discontinued for the previous 5  months. On day  2 of hospitalization, @entity391 and decreased blood pressure developed. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed @entity843 , @entity516 , and @entity4340 . Laparotomy revealed @entity4340 and @entity298 without @entity344 and @entity4340 perforation. Surgical drainage of the abscess and peritoneal cavity was performed. Immediately after the operation, upper @entity360 , shock, @entity4053 , and @entity520 developed, followed by @entity1578 , @entity177 , and @entity75 . @entity204 occurred on postoperative day  19. Upon autopsy, @entity298 , and @entity293 were confirmed. We surmise that untreated @entity1575 and @entity6 is a risk for @entity293 that may spread in iliopsoas and free peritoneal space.

title: Psoas abscess and @entity298 caused by @entity293 in a @entity1 of XXXX and @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['liver cirrhosis']


abstract: Prognosis of @entity1 with @entity6 or @entity1575 can be worsened by the development of a variety of @entity166 . We describe a case of @entity4340 and @entity298 in a 58-year-old @entity1 with type  C @entity1575 and @entity6 hospitalized after having an elevated temperature caused by @entity293 for 2  months. The @entity82 had not been treated and daily self-administration of @entity2690 had been discontinued for the previous 5  months. On day  2 of hospitalization, @entity391 and decreased blood pressure developed. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed @entity843 , @entity516 , and @entity4340 . Laparotomy revealed @entity4340 and @entity298 without @entity344 and @entity4340 perforation. Surgical drainage of the abscess and peritoneal cavity was performed. Immediately after the operation, upper @entity360 , shock, @entity4053 , and @entity520 developed, followed by @entity1578 , @entity177 , and @entity75 . @entity204 occurred on postoperative day  19. Upon autopsy, @entity298 , and @entity293 were confirmed. We surmise that untreated @entity1575 and @entity6 is a risk for @entity293 that may spread in iliopsoas and free peritoneal space.

title: Psoas abscess and @entity298 caused by @entity293 in a @entity1 of @entity1575 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: Prognosis of @entity1 with @entity6 or @entity1575 can be worsened by the development of a variety of @entity166 . We describe a case of @entity4340 and @entity298 in a 58-year-old @entity1 with type  C @entity1575 and @entity6 hospitalized after having an elevated temperature caused by @entity293 for 2  months. The @entity82 had not been treated and daily self-administration of @entity2690 had been discontinued for the previous 5  months. On day  2 of hospitalization, @entity391 and decreased blood pressure developed. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed @entity843 , @entity516 , and @entity4340 . Laparotomy revealed @entity4340 and @entity298 without @entity344 and @entity4340 perforation. Surgical drainage of the abscess and peritoneal cavity was performed. Immediately after the operation, upper @entity360 , shock, @entity4053 , and @entity520 developed, followed by @entity1578 , @entity177 , and @entity75 . @entity204 occurred on postoperative day  19. Upon autopsy, @entity298 , and @entity293 were confirmed. We surmise that untreated @entity1575 and @entity6 is a risk for @entity293 that may spread in iliopsoas and free peritoneal space.

title: Psoas abscess and @entity298 caused by @entity293 in a XXXX of @entity1575 and @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Sleep loss is associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk for @entity164 2 @entity6 , yet underlying mechanisms are not understood. Elevation of circulating non-esterified (i.e. free) @entity844 (NEFA) concentrations can lead to insulin resistance and plays a central role in the development of @entity209 . Circulating NEFA in healthy individuals shows a marked diurnal variation with maximum levels occurring at night, yet the impact of @entity25 on NEFA levels across the 24 h cycle remains unknown. We hypothesised that sleep restriction would alter hormones that are known to stimulate lipolysis and lead to an increase in NEFA levels. METHODS: We studied 19 healthy young @entity1 under controlled laboratory conditions with four consecutive nights of 8.5 h in bed (normal sleep) and 4.5 h in bed (sleep restriction) in randomised order. The 24 h blood profiles of NEFA, @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ), @entity1063 ( @entity1063 ), @entity701 , @entity413 and insulin were simultaneously assessed. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by a frequently sampled intravenous @entity413 tolerance test. RESULTS: Sleep restriction relative to normal sleep resulted in increased NEFA levels during the nocturnal and early-morning hours. The elevation in NEFA was related to prolonged nocturnal @entity2124 secretion and higher early-morning @entity1063 levels. Insulin sensitivity was decreased after sleep restriction and the @entity1720 was correlated with the increase in nocturnal NEFA levels. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Sleep restriction in healthy @entity1 results in increased nocturnal and early-morning NEFA levels, which may partly contribute to insulin resistance and the elevated @entity6 risk associated with @entity25 .

title: Sleep restriction increases free fatty acids in healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic diseases']

entities_list: @entity1720 :: ('MESH:D007333', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in insulin sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline', 'norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Insertional mutagenesis (IM) by retrovirus (RV) is a high-throughput approach for interrogating gene functions in model species. Haploid cell provides a unique system for genetic screening by IM and prosperous progress has been achieved in @entity1 cells. However, little was known in lower vertebrate cells. Here, we report development of retroviral vectors (rvSAchCVgfp, rvSAchCVpf and rvSAchSTpf) and establishment of IM library in @entity7021 haploid cells. Each vector contains a modified @entity74 ( @entity74 ) cassette, which could extend the mutated cell population including @entity74 insertions not in-frame or in weakly expressed genes. Virus titration determined by flow cytometry showed that rvSAchSTpf possessed the highest supernatant virus titer (1.5*10(5)TU/ml) in @entity7021 haploid cell, while rvSAchCVpf produced the lowest titer (2.8*10(4)TU/ml). However, quantification of proviral DNAs in transduced cells by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) demonstrated that the "real titer" may be similar among the three vectors. Furthermore, an IM library was established by FACS of haploid cells transduced with rvSAchCVgfp at a MOI of 0.1. A single copy RV integration in the majority of cells was confirmed by ddPCR in the library. Notably, there was a significant decrease of haploid cell percentage after FACS, suggesting potential trapping for survival/growth essential genes. Our results demonstrated successful development of retroviral vectors for IM in @entity7021 haploid cells, serving for haploid genetic screening of host factors for @entity778 and genes underlying certain cellular processes in fish model.

title: Development of retroviral vectors for insertional mutagenesis in XXXX haploid cells.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['virus infection']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['GT', 'gene trapping']

answer: @entity7021 :: (8090,Species) :: ['medaka']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 turns into a chronic disease. Its impact on @entity1 's daily life may require the assistance of caregiver. AIMS: To explore the experiences of main caregivers (MCs) helping @entity1 suffering from @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and to explore the role and the position assigned to general practitioners (GPs). METHOD: Qualitative study using semi-directive interviews with 13  PCs, recruited in Roanne's hospital and the @entity5 Institute Lucien-Neuwirth (Rh  ne-Alpes), conducted from February to May 2014. RESULTS: MCs' life was affected on a social, family, and professional level. Despite a need of listening and support, they remained behind, by devotion. GPs' were care managers, and were found out empathic, compassionate and reassuring. Present at the @entity5 announcement and viewed as an actor at the end of life, their functions were variable, following MCs during the treatment phase. During this phase, some of them perceived that lack of time, expertise and/or information seemed to be an obstacle to their solicitations. CONCLUSION: GPs' regular care could improve MCs' quality of life. Telemedicine could facilitate communication between GPs and hospital staff asked by the MCs.

title: [Experiences of main caregivers helping @entity1 suffering from XXXX and position assigned to general practitioners.]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer', 'LC']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 turns into a chronic disease. Its impact on @entity1 's daily life may require the assistance of caregiver. AIMS: To explore the experiences of main caregivers (MCs) helping @entity1 suffering from @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and to explore the role and the position assigned to general practitioners (GPs). METHOD: Qualitative study using semi-directive interviews with 13  PCs, recruited in Roanne's hospital and the @entity5 Institute Lucien-Neuwirth (Rh  ne-Alpes), conducted from February to May 2014. RESULTS: MCs' life was affected on a social, family, and professional level. Despite a need of listening and support, they remained behind, by devotion. GPs' were care managers, and were found out empathic, compassionate and reassuring. Present at the @entity5 announcement and viewed as an actor at the end of life, their functions were variable, following MCs during the treatment phase. During this phase, some of them perceived that lack of time, expertise and/or information seemed to be an obstacle to their solicitations. CONCLUSION: GPs' regular care could improve MCs' quality of life. Telemedicine could facilitate communication between GPs and hospital staff asked by the MCs.

title: [Experiences of main caregivers helping XXXX suffering from @entity2 and position assigned to general practitioners.]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Some topics in the clinical management of regional anesthesia in @entity1 remain controversial. To evaluate and come to a consensus regarding some of these topics, The European Society of Regional Anaesthesia and @entity158 Therapy (ESRA) and the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and @entity158 Medicine (ASRA) developed a joint committee practice advisory on pediatric regional anesthesia (PRA). METHODS: Representatives from both ASRA and ESRA comprised the joint committee practice advisory on PRA. Evidence-based recommendations were based on a systematic search of the literature. In cases where no literature was available, expert opinion was elicited. Experts selected controversial topics in PRA. RESULTS: The performance of PRA under general anesthesia or deep sedation is associated with acceptable safety and should be viewed as the standard of care (Evidence B2 and Evidence B3). Because of the difficulty interpreting a negative test dose, the use of test dosing should remain discretionary (Evidence B4). The use of either air-loss of resistance or saline-loss of resistance techniques is supported by expert opinion, but the literature supporting one technique over the other is sparse and controversial; when used appropriately, each technique may be safely used in @entity1 . There are no current evidence-based data that the use of RA increases the risk for @entity697 or delays its diagnosis in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: High-level evidence is not yet available for the topics evaluated, and most recommendations are based on Evidence B studies. The ESRA/ASRA recommendations intend to provide guidance for the safe practice of regional anesthesia in @entity1 .

title: The European Society of Regional Anaesthesia and XXXX Therapy and the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and @entity158 Medicine Joint Committee Practice Advisory on Controversial Topics in Pediatric Regional Anesthesia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute compartment syndrome']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Some topics in the clinical management of regional anesthesia in @entity1 remain controversial. To evaluate and come to a consensus regarding some of these topics, The European Society of Regional Anaesthesia and @entity158 Therapy (ESRA) and the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and @entity158 Medicine (ASRA) developed a joint committee practice advisory on pediatric regional anesthesia (PRA). METHODS: Representatives from both ASRA and ESRA comprised the joint committee practice advisory on PRA. Evidence-based recommendations were based on a systematic search of the literature. In cases where no literature was available, expert opinion was elicited. Experts selected controversial topics in PRA. RESULTS: The performance of PRA under general anesthesia or deep sedation is associated with acceptable safety and should be viewed as the standard of care (Evidence B2 and Evidence B3). Because of the difficulty interpreting a negative test dose, the use of test dosing should remain discretionary (Evidence B4). The use of either air-loss of resistance or saline-loss of resistance techniques is supported by expert opinion, but the literature supporting one technique over the other is sparse and controversial; when used appropriately, each technique may be safely used in @entity1 . There are no current evidence-based data that the use of RA increases the risk for @entity697 or delays its diagnosis in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: High-level evidence is not yet available for the topics evaluated, and most recommendations are based on Evidence B studies. The ESRA/ASRA recommendations intend to provide guidance for the safe practice of regional anesthesia in @entity1 .

title: The European Society of Regional Anaesthesia and @entity158 Therapy and the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and XXXX Medicine Joint Committee Practice Advisory on Controversial Topics in Pediatric Regional Anesthesia.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND:: The @entity571 Research Society International recommended that nonpharmacological methods include @entity1 education programs, @entity353 , coping strategies, and exercise programs for the management of @entity626 ( @entity571 ). However, neither systematic review nor meta-analysis has been published regarding the effectiveness of home exercise programs for the management of knee @entity571 . PURPOSE:: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the evidence regarding the effect of home exercise programs with and without supervised clinic-based exercises in the management of knee @entity571 . METHODS:: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and PEDro for research articles published prior to September 2014 using the key words such as @entity158 , exercise, home exercise program, rehabilitation, supervised exercise program, and physiotherapy in combination with Medical Subject Headings " @entity571 knee." We selected randomized and case-controlled trials published in English language. To verify the quality of the selected studies, we applied the PEDro Scale. Two evaluators individually selected the studies based on titles, excluding those articles that were not related to the objectives of this review. One evaluator extracted data from the included studies. A second evaluator independently verified extracted data for accuracy. RESULTS:: A total of 31 studies were found in the search. Of these, 19 studies met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed. Seventeen of these 19 studies reached high methodological quality on the PEDro scale. Although the methods and home exercise program interventions varied widely in these studies, most found significant improvements in @entity158 and function in individuals with knee @entity571 . DISCUSSIONS:: The analysis indicated that both home exercise programs with and without supervised clinic-based exercises were beneficial in the management of knee @entity571 . CONCLUSIONS:: The large evidence of high-quality trials supports the effectiveness of home exercise programs with and without supervised clinic-based exercises in the rehabilitation of knee @entity571 . In addition, small but growing evidence supports the effectiveness of other types of exercise such as tai chi, balance, and proprioceptive training for individuals with knee @entity571 .

title: Effect of Home Exercise Program in @entity1 With XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight reduction']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['Knee Osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND:: The @entity571 Research Society International recommended that nonpharmacological methods include @entity1 education programs, @entity353 , coping strategies, and exercise programs for the management of @entity626 ( @entity571 ). However, neither systematic review nor meta-analysis has been published regarding the effectiveness of home exercise programs for the management of knee @entity571 . PURPOSE:: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the evidence regarding the effect of home exercise programs with and without supervised clinic-based exercises in the management of knee @entity571 . METHODS:: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and PEDro for research articles published prior to September 2014 using the key words such as @entity158 , exercise, home exercise program, rehabilitation, supervised exercise program, and physiotherapy in combination with Medical Subject Headings " @entity571 knee." We selected randomized and case-controlled trials published in English language. To verify the quality of the selected studies, we applied the PEDro Scale. Two evaluators individually selected the studies based on titles, excluding those articles that were not related to the objectives of this review. One evaluator extracted data from the included studies. A second evaluator independently verified extracted data for accuracy. RESULTS:: A total of 31 studies were found in the search. Of these, 19 studies met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed. Seventeen of these 19 studies reached high methodological quality on the PEDro scale. Although the methods and home exercise program interventions varied widely in these studies, most found significant improvements in @entity158 and function in individuals with knee @entity571 . DISCUSSIONS:: The analysis indicated that both home exercise programs with and without supervised clinic-based exercises were beneficial in the management of knee @entity571 . CONCLUSIONS:: The large evidence of high-quality trials supports the effectiveness of home exercise programs with and without supervised clinic-based exercises in the rehabilitation of knee @entity571 . In addition, small but growing evidence supports the effectiveness of other types of exercise such as tai chi, balance, and proprioceptive training for individuals with knee @entity571 .

title: Effect of Home Exercise Program in XXXX With @entity626 : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity370 is a @entity738 that may affect any organ of the body. The most frequent loci of manifestation are the lungs. However, there are individual cases where bones are affected. The literature describes cases in which swelling or @entity292 were the first findings of a @entity79 . This is the first case reporting an @entity3061 in both angles of the mandibles which led to the diagnosis of @entity370 with multi-organ involvement. CASE PRESENTATION: The authors present a 74  years old European female @entity1 without previous diagnosis of @entity370 who presented with @entity158 in the area of the jaw angles. There were no further clinical symptoms. Bone biopsy following radiological investigation demonstrated non-caseating @entity738 consistent with @entity370 of the bone. Further evaluation confirmed multi-organ disease with involvement of lungs, intrathoracic lymph nodes, and the central nervous system. CONCLUSION: This case report shows that diagnosis of a severe disease can be missed if systematic clinical signs are not given. Furthermore, an accurate anamnesis and examination is required to receive an early diagnosis which often needs an interdisciplinary approach.

title: XXXX of unknown origin: a case report.

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous disease', 'granulomas']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesion']

entities_list: @entity3061 :: ('MESH:D010014', 'Disease') :: ['osteolysis']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis', 'Sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity3061 :: (MESH:D010014,Disease) :: ['Osteolysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: As part of a project aimed at developing oviposition attractants for the control and surveillance of Phlebotomus papatasi (a vector of Old-World @entity4536 ), we tested the hypothesis that gravid sand flies are attracted to chemical cues emanating from the growth medium of conspecific larvae - predominantly larvae-conditioned host feces that represents a suitable oviposition site. We report the results of a systematic assessment of media from various developmental stages of the sand @entity238 using oviposition and olfactometer behavioral assays. METHODS: We conducted multiple-choice oviposition assays in 500  mL Nalgene jars. Six treatments were placed on separate filter paper discs at the bottom of the jar: 2(nd)/3(rd) larval instar medium, 4(th) larval instar/pupae medium, frass from expired colonies, larval food (aged @entity95 chow and @entity95 feces mix), @entity95 feces, and a solvent (water) control. Fifty gravid females were introduced into each jar. Cumulative number of eggs laid on each filter paper per jar was counted at different time intervals from digital images. Attraction of gravid sand flies to these six treatments was assayed with a 3-chamber linear olfactometer. Twenty gravid females were transferred to the middle chamber of the olfactometer and their distribution in treatment and control chambers was recorded after 3  h. RESULTS: Almost no eggs were oviposited during the first 72  h following a blood-meal. Cumulative egg deposition increased drastically in the next 24  h (hours 73-96), with a slight non-significant increasing trend thereafter. Comparing mean cumulative egg deposition among the six treatments, we found that significantly more eggs were oviposited on 2(nd)/3(rd) larval rearing medium followed by 4(th) instar/pupae rearing medium. Oviposition preference did not vary over time. The olfactometer results were consistent with the oviposition assays, with 2(nd)/3(rd) larval rearing medium being the most attractive, followed by 4(th) instar/pupae rearing medium. CONCLUSION: The key finding of this study is that gravid, laboratory reared, Ph. papatasi sand flies are significantly more attracted to rearing medium of the most biologically active larval stages (2(nd)/3(rd) instar and 4(th) instar/pupae). This finding indicates that sand @entity238 -digested host food and feces is attractive to gravid females and suggests that the larvae and larval gut microbiome may be involved in conditioning the oviposition substrate and possibly the production of oviposition attractants and stimulants.

title: Attraction and oviposition preferences of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae), vector of Old-World XXXX , to larval rearing media.

entities_list: @entity4536 :: ('MESH:D016773', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous leishmaniasis']

answer: @entity4536 :: (MESH:D016773,Disease) :: ['cutaneous leishmaniasis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 12 yr old castrated male domestic longhair underwent renal transplantation for treatment of chronic @entity1986 . Full-thickness intestinal biopsies obtained prior to transplantation revealed mild @entity1681 . Twelve months following transplantation, the @entity1 underwent surgery for resection of a mesenteric mass causing @entity298 . The mesenteric mass was resected and an intestinal resection and @entity254 was performed. Extended-spectrum-b-lactamase producing @entity3274 was cultured from the resected tissue and urinary tract. Bacterial rods were noted to be circulating in the bloodstream, causing @entity295 . Despite aggressive treatment of the @entity298 and @entity295 using surgical debridement, drain placement, aggressive antibiotic therapy with IV meropenem, and vasopressor support, the @entity1 succumbed to persistent @entity551 and suffered @entity1167 . Extended-spectrum-b-lactamase-producing bacteria are of growing concern in @entity1 and veterinary medicine, maintaining susceptibility often only to @entity2893 and @entity4028 antibiotics. Resistance to even those antibiotics is emerging. Veterinary @entity1 with a history of antibiotic therapy, central venous or urinary catheterization, immunosuppression, enteric surgery, and an extended stay in the intensive care unit may be predisposed.

title: XXXX and Infection due to ESBL-producing @entity3274 Following Feline Renal Allograft Transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity3274 :: ('573', 'Species') :: ['Klebsiella pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity2893 :: ('CHEBI:46765', 'Chemical') :: ['carbapenem']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial nephritis']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary arrest']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['septic peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity1681 :: ('MESH:D004751', 'Disease') :: ['enteritis']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['Septicemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 12 yr old castrated male domestic longhair underwent renal transplantation for treatment of chronic @entity1986 . Full-thickness intestinal biopsies obtained prior to transplantation revealed mild @entity1681 . Twelve months following transplantation, the @entity1 underwent surgery for resection of a mesenteric mass causing @entity298 . The mesenteric mass was resected and an intestinal resection and @entity254 was performed. Extended-spectrum-b-lactamase producing @entity3274 was cultured from the resected tissue and urinary tract. Bacterial rods were noted to be circulating in the bloodstream, causing @entity295 . Despite aggressive treatment of the @entity298 and @entity295 using surgical debridement, drain placement, aggressive antibiotic therapy with IV meropenem, and vasopressor support, the @entity1 succumbed to persistent @entity551 and suffered @entity1167 . Extended-spectrum-b-lactamase-producing bacteria are of growing concern in @entity1 and veterinary medicine, maintaining susceptibility often only to @entity2893 and @entity4028 antibiotics. Resistance to even those antibiotics is emerging. Veterinary @entity1 with a history of antibiotic therapy, central venous or urinary catheterization, immunosuppression, enteric surgery, and an extended stay in the intensive care unit may be predisposed.

title: @entity295 and Infection due to ESBL-producing XXXX Following Feline Renal Allograft Transplantation.

answer: @entity3274 :: (573,Species) :: ['K. pneumoniae']


abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Propolis has been used as a folk medicine for centuries around the world due to its wide spectrum of biological activities. The red propolis, a new Brazilian variety of this apimaterial, has presented an unusual chemical composition, including @entity6400 such as @entity8137 and @entity8138 . Since both the green and red varieties of propolis are traditionally used as medicine and commercialized with no label differentiation, the study of the activities of red propolis extract has become important in order to clarify whether this product has the same activities as commercial ones. In this work, we demonstrated the potential action of the @entity2194 ( @entity2194 ) and its biomarker, @entity8137 , as antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory drugs on experimental models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity2194 was chemically characterised by HPLC/DAD analyses. The biological activities of the @entity2194 (3, 10, and 30mg/kg) and @entity8137 (10mg/kg) were evaluated using the antinociceptive ( @entity1543 , @entity406 , and @entity3264 injections) and anti-inflammatory (carrageenan-induced hindpaw @entity4 and @entity298 ) models in @entity19 after oral administration. The open field test was also performed. RESULTS: @entity8137 , one of the main biomarker of red propolis, was identified in the @entity2194 (21.62mg/g). Pretreatment with the @entity2194 (10 and 30mg/kg) and @entity8137 (10mg/kg) produced reduction (P<0.001) in the number of abdominal writhes, but the @entity2194 was more effective (P<0.001) than @entity8137 . In the @entity406 test, all @entity2194 doses (3, 10, and 30mg/kg, P<0.001) inhibited the late phase ( @entity158 ) of @entity406 -induced licking, but the @entity158 was observed only when the higher doses (10 and 30mg/kg; P<0.05) were used. @entity8137 caused inhibition (P<0.001) only in the second phase of @entity406 -induced nociception similarly at all @entity2194 doses in the same phase of the test. The responses in @entity3264 -induced model presented crescent inhibition (P<0.05) with 10 and 30mg/kg of @entity2194 . Also, @entity8137 inhibited (P<0.001) the nociception induced by @entity3264 similarly to 30mg/kg of @entity2194 . There were no significant differences in the open field test after @entity2194 administration, but @entity8137 decrease the spontaneous motor behaviour. Regarding the anti-inflammatory assessment, the @entity2194 (10 and 30mg/kg, P<0.05) and @entity8137 (P<0.001) treatments caused a significant inhibition of the @entity4 response. All doses of @entity2194 (3, 10, and 30mg/kg, P<0.05) and @entity8137 (P<0.001) also inhibited the carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration. In both cases, the results for the @entity2194 at 30mg/kg and @entity8137 were similar. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity2194 and @entity8137 presented significant anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, the @entity2194 presented antinociceptive action on inflammatory and @entity158 without motor side effects, possibly due to the action of other constituents present in the extract. These results, together, support the popular usage of this natural product.

title: Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Brazilian red propolis extract and XXXX in rodents.

entities_list: @entity8137 :: ('MESH:C007768', 'Chemical') :: ['Formononetin', 'formononetin']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis', 'HERP']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory pain', 'inhibition of neurogenic pain', 'neurogenic pain']

entities_list: @entity8138 :: ('MESH:C004541', 'Chemical') :: ['biochanin A']

entities_list: @entity6400 :: ('MESH:D007529', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavones']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity8137 :: (MESH:C007768,Chemical) :: ['formononetin']


abstract: Fifty-eight @entity1 underwent unilateral vertebral arterial reconstructions over a 16-year period. Thirty-four underwent carotid operations as well. The first 18 @entity1 underwent vertebral arterial reconstructions in conjunction with carotid endarterectomy as mandated in the Joint Study of Extracranial @entity432 as a Cause of Stoke. The next 40 underwent vertebral procedures for either brain stem symptoms alone, or for combined cerebral cortical and stem symptoms for specific indications after @entity75 had been corrected, but symptoms failed to subside. The surgical procedure consisted of subclavian- @entity3574 except in one @entity1 who underwent a subclavian distal-vertebral bypass graft to the level of the second cervical vertebral body. @entity1163 occurred as a major symptom in 16 and was controlled by either carotid and vertebral or vertebral artery operation alone except in four who also required cardiac pacemakers and one who needed correction of @entity472 . The long-term follow-up reveals that the @entity64 rate per average year for the first 14 years of follow-up was 1.2% per @entity1 year with only five @entity64 having occurred in 410 @entity1 years of follow-up and 70% of the @entity1 having sustained no new @entity16 at the fourteenth year. Survival, however, was 45% at the fourteenth year with most @entity204 caused by @entity583 . The surgical procedure of @entity3574 is indicated when bilateral vertebral arterial flow-obstructing lesions are found in @entity1 with @entity2806 including @entity1163 and @entity1163 if @entity75 have been corrected and symptoms persist. The surgical procedure can be performed with a high degree of safety. The differential diagnosis of @entity1163 and @entity1163 in this age group should include, in @entity9085 , transient @entity943 , @entity472 , and @entity410 .

title: Cervical XXXX for @entity2806 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive disorders']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain stem ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['flow-obstructing carotid lesions']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic episodes']

entities_list: @entity3574 :: ('OMIM:277300', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral angioplasty']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['drop attacks', 'syncope', 'syncopal episodes', 'Syncopal episodes']

entities_list: @entity9085 :: ('MESH:D014715', 'Disease') :: ['addition to vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['Arterial Occlusion']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity3574 :: (OMIM:277300,Disease) :: ['vertebral angioplasty']


abstract: Fifty-eight @entity1 underwent unilateral vertebral arterial reconstructions over a 16-year period. Thirty-four underwent carotid operations as well. The first 18 @entity1 underwent vertebral arterial reconstructions in conjunction with carotid endarterectomy as mandated in the Joint Study of Extracranial @entity432 as a Cause of Stoke. The next 40 underwent vertebral procedures for either brain stem symptoms alone, or for combined cerebral cortical and stem symptoms for specific indications after @entity75 had been corrected, but symptoms failed to subside. The surgical procedure consisted of subclavian- @entity3574 except in one @entity1 who underwent a subclavian distal-vertebral bypass graft to the level of the second cervical vertebral body. @entity1163 occurred as a major symptom in 16 and was controlled by either carotid and vertebral or vertebral artery operation alone except in four who also required cardiac pacemakers and one who needed correction of @entity472 . The long-term follow-up reveals that the @entity64 rate per average year for the first 14 years of follow-up was 1.2% per @entity1 year with only five @entity64 having occurred in 410 @entity1 years of follow-up and 70% of the @entity1 having sustained no new @entity16 at the fourteenth year. Survival, however, was 45% at the fourteenth year with most @entity204 caused by @entity583 . The surgical procedure of @entity3574 is indicated when bilateral vertebral arterial flow-obstructing lesions are found in @entity1 with @entity2806 including @entity1163 and @entity1163 if @entity75 have been corrected and symptoms persist. The surgical procedure can be performed with a high degree of safety. The differential diagnosis of @entity1163 and @entity1163 in this age group should include, in @entity9085 , transient @entity943 , @entity472 , and @entity410 .

title: Cervical @entity3574 for XXXX .

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['brain stem ischemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to characterize treatment patterns and oncologic outcomes in @entity1 with low-volume lymph node @entity3 ( @entity5 cells [ITCs] and micrometastasis [MM]) discovered during sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping for @entity1204 . METHODS: We identified @entity1204 cases treated surgically from September 2005 to April 2013 in which SLN mapping was performed. MM was defined as @entity5 within a lymph node measuring >0.2  mm but <2.0  mm, and ITCs were those measuring  <=0.2  mm. RESULTS: Overall, 844 @entity1 , with a median age of 61  years (range 30-90), met the inclusion criteria. Histology was as follows: endometrioid, 724 (85.8  %) @entity1 ; serous, 104 (12.3  %) @entity1 ; and clear cell, 16 (1.9  %) @entity1 . The median number of lymph nodes resected was six (range 0-60), and the median number of SLNs was two (range 0-15). Overall, 753 (89.2  %) @entity1 were node-negative, 23 (2.7  %) had ITCs only, 21 (2.5  %) had MM only, and 47 (5.6  %) had macrometastasis. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 106 (14  %) of 753 node-negative @entity1 , 19 (83  %) of 23 @entity1 with ITCs, 17 (81  %) of 21 @entity1 with MM, and 42 (89  %) of 47 with macrometastasis. Median follow-up was 26  months (range 0-108). Three-year recurrence-free survival was as follows: node-negative @entity1 , 90  % (  1.5); ITCs only, 86  % (  9.4); MM only, 86  % (  9.7); and macrometastasis, 71  % (  7.2) [p  <  0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with ITCs and MM frequently received adjuvant chemotherapy and had improved oncologic outcomes in comparison to those with macrometastasis to the lymph nodes. Further prospective study is needed to determine optimal post-resection management in @entity1 with ITCs or MM alone.

title: Low-Volume Lymph Node XXXX Discovered During Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping for @entity1204 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'isolated tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'endometrial cancer']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Metastasis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to characterize treatment patterns and oncologic outcomes in @entity1 with low-volume lymph node @entity3 ( @entity5 cells [ITCs] and micrometastasis [MM]) discovered during sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping for @entity1204 . METHODS: We identified @entity1204 cases treated surgically from September 2005 to April 2013 in which SLN mapping was performed. MM was defined as @entity5 within a lymph node measuring >0.2  mm but <2.0  mm, and ITCs were those measuring  <=0.2  mm. RESULTS: Overall, 844 @entity1 , with a median age of 61  years (range 30-90), met the inclusion criteria. Histology was as follows: endometrioid, 724 (85.8  %) @entity1 ; serous, 104 (12.3  %) @entity1 ; and clear cell, 16 (1.9  %) @entity1 . The median number of lymph nodes resected was six (range 0-60), and the median number of SLNs was two (range 0-15). Overall, 753 (89.2  %) @entity1 were node-negative, 23 (2.7  %) had ITCs only, 21 (2.5  %) had MM only, and 47 (5.6  %) had macrometastasis. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 106 (14  %) of 753 node-negative @entity1 , 19 (83  %) of 23 @entity1 with ITCs, 17 (81  %) of 21 @entity1 with MM, and 42 (89  %) of 47 with macrometastasis. Median follow-up was 26  months (range 0-108). Three-year recurrence-free survival was as follows: node-negative @entity1 , 90  % (  1.5); ITCs only, 86  % (  9.4); MM only, 86  % (  9.7); and macrometastasis, 71  % (  7.2) [p  <  0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with ITCs and MM frequently received adjuvant chemotherapy and had improved oncologic outcomes in comparison to those with macrometastasis to the lymph nodes. Further prospective study is needed to determine optimal post-resection management in @entity1 with ITCs or MM alone.

title: Low-Volume Lymph Node @entity3 Discovered During Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping for XXXX .

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['Endometrial Carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background and purpose - Treatment of @entity2074 ( @entity2074 ) with @entity8466 ( @entity8466 ) consists of injection followed by finger manipulation. We used a modified method, injecting a higher dose than recommended on the label into several parts of the cord, which allows treatment of @entity1159 in 1 session and may increase efficacy. We studied the occurrence of @entity272 and short-term outcome with this procedure. @entity1 and methods - We studied 164 consecutive hands with @entity2074 , palpable cord, and extension deficit of >=  20   in the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and/or proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint (mean @entity1 age 70 years, 82% @entity1 ). A hand surgeon injected all the content of 1 @entity8466 vial (approximately 0.80 mg) into multiple spots in the cord and performed finger extension under local anesthesia after 1 or 2 days. A nurse recorded @entity272 on a diagram and conducted a standard telephone follow-up within 4 weeks. A hand therapist measured joint @entity1159 before injection and at a median of 23 (IQR: 7-34) days after finger extension. Results - A skin tear occurred in 66 hands (40%). The largest diameter of the tear was  <= 5 mm in 30 hands and > 10 mm in 14 hands. Hands with skin tear had greater mean pretreatment MCP extension deficit than those without tear: 59   (SD 26) as opposed to 32   (SD 23). Skin tear occurred in 21 of 24 hands with MCP @entity1159 of >=  75  . All tears healed with open-wound treatment. No @entity281 occurred. Mean improvement in total (MCP + PIP) extension deficit was 55   (SD 28). Interpretation - Skin tears occurred in 40% of hands treated with collagenase injections, but only a fifth of them were larger than 1 cm. Tears were more likely in hands with severe @entity1159 . All tears healed without complications. Short-term @entity1159 reduction was good.

title: Collagenase treatment of XXXX using a modified injection method.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8466 :: ('MESH:D003015', 'Disease') :: ['collagenase Clostridium histolyticum', 'CCH']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2074 :: ('MESH:D004387', 'Disease') :: ['DC', "Dupuytren's contracture"]

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contracture', 'multiple joint contractures', 'MCP joint contracture']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin tears']

answer: @entity2074 :: (MESH:D004387,Disease) :: ['Dupuytren's contracture']