abstract: A two-stage technique for implantation of an inflatable penile prosthesis has been developed for @entity1 undergoing radical @entity5 surgery. Over the past five years, this method has been utilized in 147 @entity1 undergoing radical cystectomies or prostatectomies. The technique involves implanting the reservoir and pump of the prosthesis at the time of the radical @entity5 operation when the lateral neurovascular bundles of erection are being sacrificed. The reservoir and pump are permanently connected, and the cylinder tubings from the pump are temporarily connected and placed in the subcutaneous tissue overlying the pubis. During a second procedure, usually six to twelve weeks later, the cylinders are implanted infrapubically and connected to the easily located pump tubing. The advantages are several. (1) The pump and reservoir are easily implanted during the pelvic surgery while importantly not adding significantly to the operative time or morbidity of the primary procedure. (2) The reservoir is easily positioned in the pelvis. (3) The scrotum with its contained pump already will be healed when the entire prosthesis is connected, bypassing the @entity158 and @entity4 . (4) Psychologically the @entity1 feel relieved that their @entity323 is being treated immediately. This two-stage technique appears to maximize the gain of early and easy implantation while minimizing the potential problems of concomitant surgery.

title: Two-stage technique for implantation of inflatable penile prosthesis in XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['initial scrotal pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['pelvic cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of @entity1339 / @entity3897 combination and @entity19271 on intraocular pressure during tracheal extubation period. METHODS: The single-blind prospective randomised controlled study was conducted at Ordu University Research and Training Hospital from August to October 2014, and comprised @entity1 who were randomly assigned to 2 groups according to the agent used for reversal of @entity4094 . Group N received 0.05mgkg-1 @entity1339 and 0.02 mgkg-1 @entity3897 and the @entity1 in Group S received 2mgkg-1 @entity19271 intravenously. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure and intraocular pressure were measured at baseline, before the induction (T1), after the application of reversal agent (T2), and 1 (T3), 3 (T4), 5 (T5) and 10 (T6) minutes after the extubation. SPSS 16 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There were 36 @entity1 in the study; 18(50%) in each group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender and body mass index (p>0.05 each). Intraocular pressure was significantly higher when the baseline level was compared with all measurement intervals in Group N (p<0.05 each). In Group S, it showed no significant difference at T2 (p>0.05) whereas it was significantly higher at all other measurement intervals (p<0.05 each). Intergroup comparisons showed statistically significant difference in heart rate and mean arterial pressure levels at T2 interval which were higher in Group N (p<0.01). Intraocular pressure levels at T2 and T3 intervals were significantly higher in Group N (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Lower end-extubation intraocular pressure levels were obtained when @entity19271 was used as a @entity4094 reversal agent in comparison with @entity1339 - @entity3897 combination. @entity19271 may be a better option for the reversal of @entity4094 and intraocular pressure increase should be avoided in @entity1 with @entity726 or penetrating @entity4858 .

title: Intraocular pressure changes associated with tracheal extubation: Comparison of XXXX with conventional reversal of @entity4094 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular blockade', 'neuromuscular block']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['eye injury']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity1339 :: ('MESH:D009388', 'Chemical') :: ['neostigmine']

entities_list: @entity19271 :: ('MESH:C453980', 'Chemical') :: ['sugammadex', 'Sugammadex']

answer: @entity19271 :: (MESH:C453980,Chemical) :: ['sugammadex']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of @entity1339 / @entity3897 combination and @entity19271 on intraocular pressure during tracheal extubation period. METHODS: The single-blind prospective randomised controlled study was conducted at Ordu University Research and Training Hospital from August to October 2014, and comprised @entity1 who were randomly assigned to 2 groups according to the agent used for reversal of @entity4094 . Group N received 0.05mgkg-1 @entity1339 and 0.02 mgkg-1 @entity3897 and the @entity1 in Group S received 2mgkg-1 @entity19271 intravenously. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure and intraocular pressure were measured at baseline, before the induction (T1), after the application of reversal agent (T2), and 1 (T3), 3 (T4), 5 (T5) and 10 (T6) minutes after the extubation. SPSS 16 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There were 36 @entity1 in the study; 18(50%) in each group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender and body mass index (p>0.05 each). Intraocular pressure was significantly higher when the baseline level was compared with all measurement intervals in Group N (p<0.05 each). In Group S, it showed no significant difference at T2 (p>0.05) whereas it was significantly higher at all other measurement intervals (p<0.05 each). Intergroup comparisons showed statistically significant difference in heart rate and mean arterial pressure levels at T2 interval which were higher in Group N (p<0.01). Intraocular pressure levels at T2 and T3 intervals were significantly higher in Group N (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Lower end-extubation intraocular pressure levels were obtained when @entity19271 was used as a @entity4094 reversal agent in comparison with @entity1339 - @entity3897 combination. @entity19271 may be a better option for the reversal of @entity4094 and intraocular pressure increase should be avoided in @entity1 with @entity726 or penetrating @entity4858 .

title: Intraocular pressure changes associated with tracheal extubation: Comparison of @entity19271 with conventional reversal of XXXX .

answer: @entity4094 :: (MESH:D009468,Disease) :: ['neuromuscular blockade']


abstract: An increased referral of patients with anticoagulation related @entity548 necessitated an analysis of causes and outcome of these complications in a @entity1 group that reflected Swedish therapeutic traditions of anticoagulation treatment. Prospectively, all @entity1 from Stockholm evaluated for @entity1229 related intracranial @entity548 occurring during 1987 were analysed and their 6 month outcome recorded. Sixty-eight @entity1 were included. The results of @entity548 were catastrophic with a 77% mortality rate. Their incidence was much higher than expected. Forty-one @entity1 had non-traumatic intracerebral haematomas, 1 had a non-traumatic @entity510 and 26 had @entity130 . In the 42 @entity1 with non-traumatic @entity548 , the indications for anticoagulation were cerebral ischaemic events in a majority (27/42). The remaining 15 @entity1 had different indications for anticoagulation. They also had an increased frequency of @entity101 (p < 0.05). In the 26 @entity1 with traumatic haematomas, only 6/26 @entity1 had previous cerebral @entity130 (p < 0.01). Valvular heart prosthesis was their most common indication (11/26) for anticoagulation. Caution in instituting anticoagulation therapy in @entity1 with @entity101 or @entity66 , which is an important indication for anticoagulation in Sweden, is mandatory. Adherence to strict treatment regimens and their continuous reevaluation may help to avoid complications. The finding of more @entity1 than expected with @entity548 complications is not compatible with the risk evaluations used to justify anticoagulation therapy in the @entity1 groups studied. Clinical practice must have changed with time, showing that risk evaluations from controlled trials or retrospectively collected clinical data from selected @entity1 are not necessarily applicable for long-term clinical practice.

title: Intracranial traumatic and non-traumatic XXXX complications of @entity1229 treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial haemorrhagic complications', 'haemorrhage', 'haemorrhages', 'haemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injuries', 'ischaemic injuries']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['haemorrhagic']


abstract: An increased referral of patients with anticoagulation related @entity548 necessitated an analysis of causes and outcome of these complications in a @entity1 group that reflected Swedish therapeutic traditions of anticoagulation treatment. Prospectively, all @entity1 from Stockholm evaluated for @entity1229 related intracranial @entity548 occurring during 1987 were analysed and their 6 month outcome recorded. Sixty-eight @entity1 were included. The results of @entity548 were catastrophic with a 77% mortality rate. Their incidence was much higher than expected. Forty-one @entity1 had non-traumatic intracerebral haematomas, 1 had a non-traumatic @entity510 and 26 had @entity130 . In the 42 @entity1 with non-traumatic @entity548 , the indications for anticoagulation were cerebral ischaemic events in a majority (27/42). The remaining 15 @entity1 had different indications for anticoagulation. They also had an increased frequency of @entity101 (p < 0.05). In the 26 @entity1 with traumatic haematomas, only 6/26 @entity1 had previous cerebral @entity130 (p < 0.01). Valvular heart prosthesis was their most common indication (11/26) for anticoagulation. Caution in instituting anticoagulation therapy in @entity1 with @entity101 or @entity66 , which is an important indication for anticoagulation in Sweden, is mandatory. Adherence to strict treatment regimens and their continuous reevaluation may help to avoid complications. The finding of more @entity1 than expected with @entity548 complications is not compatible with the risk evaluations used to justify anticoagulation therapy in the @entity1 groups studied. Clinical practice must have changed with time, showing that risk evaluations from controlled trials or retrospectively collected clinical data from selected @entity1 are not necessarily applicable for long-term clinical practice.

title: Intracranial traumatic and non-traumatic @entity548 complications of XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['warfarin']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Although nightmares appear to be related to @entity146 , the mechanisms which underpin this relationship are unknown. We sought to address this gap by examining a multiple mediation hypothesis whereby nightmares were predicted to have an indirect effect on @entity146 through perceptions of defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness. METHODS: Data were collected from 91 @entity1 who had experienced @entity130 and symptoms of @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ). Nightmares were measured by summing the frequency and intensity ratings of relevant items on the Clinician-Administered @entity1005 Scale. @entity1 also completed questionnaire measures of suicidal behavior, hopelessness, defeat, and entrapment. Given the interrelations between @entity22 , @entity1005 , and suicide, a measure of @entity22 was included as a covariate. Furthermore, analyses were conducted with and without those @entity1 who had comorbid @entity308 . RESULTS: Suicidal behaviors were higher in those @entity1 who experienced nightmares (62%), in comparison to those who did not (20%). Bootstrapped analyses provided support for the hypothesized multistep mediational model. Specifically, nightmares were both directly and indirectly associated with @entity146 , through perceptions of defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness, independent of comorbid @entity22 and @entity308 . CONCLUSIONS: For the first time we show that the relationship between nightmares and @entity146 is partially mediated by a multistep pathway via defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness. Clinically, our work highlights the importance of monitoring and targeting nightmares and perceptions of defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness when working with clients who have experienced @entity130 .

title: Nightmares and Suicide in XXXX : The Mediating Role of Defeat, Entrapment, and Hopelessness.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['suicidal behaviors']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['Posttraumatic Stress Disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mechanical thrombectomy is beneficial for @entity1 with acute @entity385 and a proximal anterior occlusion, but it is unclear if these results can be extrapolated to @entity1 with an @entity432 . The purpose of this study was to examine the technical aspects, safety, and outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy with a stent retriever in @entity1 with an isolated @entity432 who were included in 3 large multicenter prospective studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included @entity1 from the Solitaire Flow Restoration Thrombectomy for Acute Revascularization ( @entity624 ), Solitaire With the Intention For Thrombectomy ( @entity514 ), and Solitaire With the Intention for Thrombectomy as Primary Endovascular Treatment ( @entity514 PRIME) studies, 3 large multicenter prospective studies on thrombectomy for @entity385 . We compared outcomes and technical details of @entity1 with an M2 with those with an M1 occlusion. All @entity1 were treated with a stent retriever. Imaging data and outcomes were scored by an independent core laboratory. Successful reperfusion was defined as modified Thrombolysis in @entity385 score of 2b/3. RESULTS: We included 50 @entity1 with an M2 and 249 @entity1 with an M1 occlusion. @entity1 with an @entity432 were older (mean age, 71 versus 67 years; P = .04) and had a lower NIHSS score (median, 13 versus 17; P < .001) compared with those with an M1 occlusion. Procedural time was nonsignificantly shorter in @entity1 with an @entity432 (median, 29 versus 35 minutes; P = .41). The average number of passes with a stent retriever was also nonsignificantly lower in @entity1 with an @entity432 (mean, 1.4 versus 1.7; P = .07). There were no significant differences in successful reperfusion (85% versus 82%, P = .82), symptomatic @entity1779 (2% versus 2%, P = 1.0), device-related serious adverse events (6% versus 4%, P = .46), or modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 at follow-up (60% versus 56%, P = .64). CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular reperfusion therapy appears to be feasible in selected @entity1 with @entity385 and an @entity432 .

title: Mechanical Thrombectomy for Isolated M2 Occlusions: A Post Hoc Analysis of the @entity624 , XXXX , and @entity514 PRIME Studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['M2 occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'Cerebral Infarction']

answer: @entity514 :: (8895,Species) :: ['SWIFT']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mechanical thrombectomy is beneficial for @entity1 with acute @entity385 and a proximal anterior occlusion, but it is unclear if these results can be extrapolated to @entity1 with an @entity432 . The purpose of this study was to examine the technical aspects, safety, and outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy with a stent retriever in @entity1 with an isolated @entity432 who were included in 3 large multicenter prospective studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included @entity1 from the Solitaire Flow Restoration Thrombectomy for Acute Revascularization ( @entity624 ), Solitaire With the Intention For Thrombectomy ( @entity514 ), and Solitaire With the Intention for Thrombectomy as Primary Endovascular Treatment ( @entity514 PRIME) studies, 3 large multicenter prospective studies on thrombectomy for @entity385 . We compared outcomes and technical details of @entity1 with an M2 with those with an M1 occlusion. All @entity1 were treated with a stent retriever. Imaging data and outcomes were scored by an independent core laboratory. Successful reperfusion was defined as modified Thrombolysis in @entity385 score of 2b/3. RESULTS: We included 50 @entity1 with an M2 and 249 @entity1 with an M1 occlusion. @entity1 with an @entity432 were older (mean age, 71 versus 67 years; P = .04) and had a lower NIHSS score (median, 13 versus 17; P < .001) compared with those with an M1 occlusion. Procedural time was nonsignificantly shorter in @entity1 with an @entity432 (median, 29 versus 35 minutes; P = .41). The average number of passes with a stent retriever was also nonsignificantly lower in @entity1 with an @entity432 (mean, 1.4 versus 1.7; P = .07). There were no significant differences in successful reperfusion (85% versus 82%, P = .82), symptomatic @entity1779 (2% versus 2%, P = 1.0), device-related serious adverse events (6% versus 4%, P = .46), or modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 at follow-up (60% versus 56%, P = .64). CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular reperfusion therapy appears to be feasible in selected @entity1 with @entity385 and an @entity432 .

title: Mechanical Thrombectomy for Isolated M2 Occlusions: A Post Hoc Analysis of the @entity624 , @entity514 , and XXXX PRIME Studies.

answer: @entity514 :: (8895,Species) :: ['SWIFT']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mechanical thrombectomy is beneficial for @entity1 with acute @entity385 and a proximal anterior occlusion, but it is unclear if these results can be extrapolated to @entity1 with an @entity432 . The purpose of this study was to examine the technical aspects, safety, and outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy with a stent retriever in @entity1 with an isolated @entity432 who were included in 3 large multicenter prospective studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included @entity1 from the Solitaire Flow Restoration Thrombectomy for Acute Revascularization ( @entity624 ), Solitaire With the Intention For Thrombectomy ( @entity514 ), and Solitaire With the Intention for Thrombectomy as Primary Endovascular Treatment ( @entity514 PRIME) studies, 3 large multicenter prospective studies on thrombectomy for @entity385 . We compared outcomes and technical details of @entity1 with an M2 with those with an M1 occlusion. All @entity1 were treated with a stent retriever. Imaging data and outcomes were scored by an independent core laboratory. Successful reperfusion was defined as modified Thrombolysis in @entity385 score of 2b/3. RESULTS: We included 50 @entity1 with an M2 and 249 @entity1 with an M1 occlusion. @entity1 with an @entity432 were older (mean age, 71 versus 67 years; P = .04) and had a lower NIHSS score (median, 13 versus 17; P < .001) compared with those with an M1 occlusion. Procedural time was nonsignificantly shorter in @entity1 with an @entity432 (median, 29 versus 35 minutes; P = .41). The average number of passes with a stent retriever was also nonsignificantly lower in @entity1 with an @entity432 (mean, 1.4 versus 1.7; P = .07). There were no significant differences in successful reperfusion (85% versus 82%, P = .82), symptomatic @entity1779 (2% versus 2%, P = 1.0), device-related serious adverse events (6% versus 4%, P = .46), or modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 at follow-up (60% versus 56%, P = .64). CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular reperfusion therapy appears to be feasible in selected @entity1 with @entity385 and an @entity432 .

title: Mechanical Thrombectomy for Isolated M2 Occlusions: A Post Hoc Analysis of the XXXX , @entity514 , and @entity514 PRIME Studies.

answer: @entity624 :: (6770,Gene) :: ['STAR']


abstract: During a 5 year period, 137 @entity1 who sustained intraperitoneal @entity1049 were retrospectively analyzed. One hundred fourteen were considered for evaluation. The method of colon wound management and infectious complications thought to be secondary to the colon wound were reviewed. These @entity1 were admitted to the @entity130 service and underwent exploratory laparotomy for their injuries. The penetrating @entity1661 index, as well as other risk factors, were evaluated for their efficacy in predicting potential complications associated with the colon wound. Sixty-four percent of @entity1 were managed by primary closure, 27 percent by end colostomy or end ileostomy, and 9 percent by exteriorization of the injury. The complication rates for these categories were 18, 42, and 40 percent, respectively. There were no significant differences in complications in terms of location and mode of injury. This review confirms that the presence of shock, transfusion (4 or more units), significant contamination, and associated injuries (evaluated by the penetrating @entity1661 index) contribute to the development of complications. There were no disruptions of the suture line in the primary closure group. We believe that infections and septic complications are secondary to the original injury to the colon and not related to the method of repair. Primary repair of all colon wounds not requiring resection may be feasible. Prospective evaluation of that approach is indicated.

title: Colon XXXX : further support for primary repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colon injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: We present the clinical manifestations and details of treatment and outcome for eight @entity1 with @entity1544 arising in the @entity1374 , which is a rare entity. All @entity1 had @entity1442 , with @entity5 invading adjacent structures (the @entity825 , esophagus, and major vessels). In two @entity1 , pulmonary metastases were also present. Six @entity1 died 6 months or less after diagnosis, five from the effects of @entity66 . Transient palliation was obtained in four @entity1 who underwent partial excision (three @entity1 ) and radical radiotherapy (one @entity1 ). Two @entity1 remained free of disease at last follow-up more than 4 years after gross total @entity5 resection and radical radiotherapy and were presumably cured. One @entity1 treated by partial resection and radical radiotherapy died from other causes 17 months later. His disease status was unknown. Complete excision with postoperative radiotherapy may be curative, and debulking followed by external irradiation may provide short-term palliation. @entity1 with unresectable @entity5 are best managed by supportive measures only unless a truly effective chemotherapeutic regimen is developed for @entity135 .

title: Squamous cell carcinoma of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancer of the head and neck']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancer']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid gland']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid gland']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and @entity137 of combination chemotherapy in @entity1 with advanced, @entity5 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. @entity1 : Fourteen @entity1 with @entity5 confirmed by histologic tests. All @entity1 had metastatic disease and elevated urinary @entity2922 secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, @entity1 received @entity786 , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; @entity1891 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and @entity2699 , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of @entity1 (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding @entity1 had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. @entity137 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor @entity551 episodes and one minor @entity101 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 is effective for advanced @entity5 . Urinary @entity2661 are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.

title: @entity5 : effective treatment with a combination of @entity786 , XXXX , and @entity2699 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pheochromocytoma']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity1891 :: (MESH:D014750,Chemical) :: ['vincristine']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and @entity137 of combination chemotherapy in @entity1 with advanced, @entity5 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. @entity1 : Fourteen @entity1 with @entity5 confirmed by histologic tests. All @entity1 had metastatic disease and elevated urinary @entity2922 secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, @entity1 received @entity786 , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; @entity1891 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and @entity2699 , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of @entity1 (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding @entity1 had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. @entity137 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor @entity551 episodes and one minor @entity101 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 is effective for advanced @entity5 . Urinary @entity2661 are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.

title: @entity5 : effective treatment with a combination of @entity786 , @entity1891 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity2699 :: (MESH:D003606,Chemical) :: ['dacarbazine']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and @entity137 of combination chemotherapy in @entity1 with advanced, @entity5 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. @entity1 : Fourteen @entity1 with @entity5 confirmed by histologic tests. All @entity1 had metastatic disease and elevated urinary @entity2922 secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, @entity1 received @entity786 , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; @entity1891 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and @entity2699 , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of @entity1 (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding @entity1 had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. @entity137 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor @entity551 episodes and one minor @entity101 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 is effective for advanced @entity5 . Urinary @entity2661 are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.

title: XXXX : effective treatment with a combination of @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Malignant pheochromocytoma']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and @entity137 of combination chemotherapy in @entity1 with advanced, @entity5 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. @entity1 : Fourteen @entity1 with @entity5 confirmed by histologic tests. All @entity1 had metastatic disease and elevated urinary @entity2922 secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, @entity1 received @entity786 , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; @entity1891 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and @entity2699 , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of @entity1 (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding @entity1 had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. @entity137 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor @entity551 episodes and one minor @entity101 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity786 , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 is effective for advanced @entity5 . Urinary @entity2661 are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.

title: @entity5 : effective treatment with a combination of XXXX , @entity1891 , and @entity2699 .

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because @entity16 is the most frequent @entity299 in @entity166 ( @entity166 ), a brain computerised tomography (CT) scan is usually performed. The benefits of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have not been clearly established. This study aims to clarify the prevalence and type of @entity75 in @entity166 detected using MRI and to compare them with those detected using CT scans. METHODS: In the Grenoble University Hospital, @entity1 diagnosed with definite or possible @entity884 according to Duke's criteria were screened from 2010-2012. Brain CT and MRI were performed as soon as possible after diagnosis. RESULTS: Of the 62 @entity1 with @entity166 who underwent at least one cerebral imaging within 3 weeks of diagnosis, Streptococcus (29) and Staphylococcus (14) were the main micro-organisms present. Twenty-eight (45%) @entity1 underwent cardiac surgery. Eight (13%) died before discharge. Twenty (32%) had @entity16 . A brain CT-scan was performed on 53 (85%) @entity1 and a MRI was performed on 43 (69%) @entity1 . CT was pathological in 26 (49%) @entity1 , whereas 32 (74%) MRI demonstrated abnormalities. The MRI lesions were classified as follows: ischaemia (48%), microbleeds (34%), @entity548 (16%), abscesses (9%) and microbial @entity439 (4%). Of the 37 @entity1 who underwent both MRI and CT examinations, ischaemia (48% vs 35%) and microbleeds (34%) demonstrated the difference between the two imaging methods. CONCLUSION: Through the early diagnosis of @entity75 , even in asymptomatic cases, MRI may have a role in the @entity166 management, influence any surgical decision and assist in prognosis assessment.

title: Cerebral imaging in XXXX : A clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral damage', 'cerebral lesions']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological failure', 'neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['extra-cardiac complication']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious Endocarditis', 'IE']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity166 :: (MESH:D003141,Disease) :: ['infectious endocarditis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity148 in 294 @entity1 who survived to four months in the Perth Community @entity64 Study (Perth, Australia), and a follow-up of these @entity1 at 12 months, are presented. METHOD: Diagnoses are described both in the usual DSM hierarchic format and by a non-hierarchic approach. Adoption of the hierarchic approach alone greatly underestimates the prevalence of @entity148 . RESULTS: Most cases were of @entity8396 , and the remainder were generalised @entity148 . The prevalence of @entity148 alone was 5% in @entity1 and 19% in @entity1 ; in community controls, it was 5% in @entity1 and 8% in @entity1 . Adopting a non-hierarchic approach to diagnosis gave a prevalence of 12% in @entity1 and 28% in @entity1 . When those who showed evidence of @entity148 before @entity64 were subtracted, the latter prevalence was 9% in @entity1 and 20% in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: One-third of the @entity1 and half of the @entity1 with post- @entity64 @entity148 showed evidence of either @entity308 or an @entity148 at the time of the @entity64 . At 12 month follow-up of 49 @entity1 with @entity8396 by a non-hierarchic approach, 51% had recovered, and equal proportions of the remainder had died or still had @entity8396 . The only major difference in outcome between those with @entity148 alone and those with comorbid @entity308 was the greater mortality in the latter.

title: @entity148 after XXXX : results from the Perth Community @entity64 Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity8396 :: ('MESH:D000379', 'Disease') :: ['agoraphobia']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder', 'anxiety disorders']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity148 in 294 @entity1 who survived to four months in the Perth Community @entity64 Study (Perth, Australia), and a follow-up of these @entity1 at 12 months, are presented. METHOD: Diagnoses are described both in the usual DSM hierarchic format and by a non-hierarchic approach. Adoption of the hierarchic approach alone greatly underestimates the prevalence of @entity148 . RESULTS: Most cases were of @entity8396 , and the remainder were generalised @entity148 . The prevalence of @entity148 alone was 5% in @entity1 and 19% in @entity1 ; in community controls, it was 5% in @entity1 and 8% in @entity1 . Adopting a non-hierarchic approach to diagnosis gave a prevalence of 12% in @entity1 and 28% in @entity1 . When those who showed evidence of @entity148 before @entity64 were subtracted, the latter prevalence was 9% in @entity1 and 20% in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: One-third of the @entity1 and half of the @entity1 with post- @entity64 @entity148 showed evidence of either @entity308 or an @entity148 at the time of the @entity64 . At 12 month follow-up of 49 @entity1 with @entity8396 by a non-hierarchic approach, 51% had recovered, and equal proportions of the remainder had died or still had @entity8396 . The only major difference in outcome between those with @entity148 alone and those with comorbid @entity308 was the greater mortality in the latter.

title: @entity148 after @entity64 : results from the Perth Community XXXX Study.

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity148 in 294 @entity1 who survived to four months in the Perth Community @entity64 Study (Perth, Australia), and a follow-up of these @entity1 at 12 months, are presented. METHOD: Diagnoses are described both in the usual DSM hierarchic format and by a non-hierarchic approach. Adoption of the hierarchic approach alone greatly underestimates the prevalence of @entity148 . RESULTS: Most cases were of @entity8396 , and the remainder were generalised @entity148 . The prevalence of @entity148 alone was 5% in @entity1 and 19% in @entity1 ; in community controls, it was 5% in @entity1 and 8% in @entity1 . Adopting a non-hierarchic approach to diagnosis gave a prevalence of 12% in @entity1 and 28% in @entity1 . When those who showed evidence of @entity148 before @entity64 were subtracted, the latter prevalence was 9% in @entity1 and 20% in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: One-third of the @entity1 and half of the @entity1 with post- @entity64 @entity148 showed evidence of either @entity308 or an @entity148 at the time of the @entity64 . At 12 month follow-up of 49 @entity1 with @entity8396 by a non-hierarchic approach, 51% had recovered, and equal proportions of the remainder had died or still had @entity8396 . The only major difference in outcome between those with @entity148 alone and those with comorbid @entity308 was the greater mortality in the latter.

title: XXXX after @entity64 : results from the Perth Community @entity64 Study.

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['Anxiety disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sixteen @entity291 in early lactation were randomly distributed into two groups in order to evaluate the effects of mammary biopsies and increased milking frequency on tissue characteristics, post-biopsy udder health and histology. One group was milked twice a day (2*) starting on the 2nd day after calving, until 28 days in milk (DIM). The other group was milked four times a day (4*) from two to 21 DIM, and twice a day (2*) from 22 to 28 DIM. On days 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 postpartum, one fragment of secretory tissue was collected from one mammary quarter at a time. Collections were alternated between the four mammary quarters per collection day. A total of 80 mammary tissue samples were collected. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the tissues were conducted by histologic examination. Animal health was assessed by observation of feed intake behavior immediately after biopsy, and weight and body condition score before and one week after biopsy. Udder health was assessed daily from calving to 60 DIM with California @entity1271 Test (CMT) and by noting alterations in the milk such as blood, milk clots, @entity4461 , clinical signs of @entity1271 . Milk composition and somatic cell count (SCC) were analyzed before and after the biopsies. Milk production was evaluated before biopsy, on the day of biopsy, and after the biopsy. An average of 10 fields at 40* magnification was obtained from each sample. There were no evident changes in mammary morphology as a result of milking two or four times/day at any of the evaluated time points. Biopsy wounds healed rapidly without @entity281 . Intramammary bleeding and CMT alterations were observed in 96% and 75% of the biopsied mammary quarters, respectively. Clinical @entity1271 was diagnosed in 12% of the biopsied quarters. Different milking frequencies had no effect on the frequency and duration of post-biopsy alterations. Milk production decreased after biopsies done on days 2 for 2* and 4* groups, but it returned to pre-biopsy values within 1 day. Milk composition and SCC were affected transiently. Increased milking frequency did not influence udder health. Post-biopsy recovery was rapid and the procedure proved effective without damaging the @entity291 ' health.

title: Effects of XXXX mammary gland biopsy and increased milking frequency on post-procedure udder health, histology, and milk yield.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['blood clots']

entities_list: @entity1271 :: ('MESH:D008413', 'Disease') :: ['Mastitis', 'mastitis']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report on the use of automated image analysis in the interpretation of transrectal ultrasonographic images of the prostate. @entity1 AND METHODS: During transrectal ultrasonography, images were recorded from biopsies performed in 127 @entity1 . Subsequently in the image, the puncture place was marked and analysed. Analysis of the images was performed with the Automated Urologic Diagnostic Expert (AUDEX) system, consisting of a personal computer connected to the ultrasound machine. From the images collected, parameters can be calculated for image classification. The parameters obtained with this procedure were correlated with the histological result. RESULTS: Evaluation showed a sensitivity of 84.8% and specificity of 87.5%. The positive and negative predictive values, to predict @entity263 , were 84.8% and 87.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Automated image analysis can help in the diagnosis of @entity263 . In @entity1 with non-palpable lesions or with poorly visualized @entity5 , image analysis is superior to the standard current diagnostic techniques.

title: Computerized analysis of transrectal ultrasonography images in the detection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Research into the optimal treatment of @entity82 has been limited by the lack of an established classification system for the disease. The purposes of this study were to develop a radiographic classification for @entity82 of the proximal femur and to test this classification's intra- and interobserver reliability as well as the effectiveness of our treatments. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed radiographs and computed tomography (CT) of 227 femurs from 206 @entity1 with @entity82 . The radiographs were evaluated in the coronal plane for neck-shaft angle, @entity85 in the proximal femoral shaft, and distal juxtaarticular @entity85 . CT was evaluated in the axial plane for destruction of cortex. Reduction of bone strength was defined as the thickness of the remaining cortex less than 50  % of the original on axial CT. Two senior orthopedists evaluated each radiograph and CT twice at 8-week intervals. Intra- and interobserver reliability testing was performed using the kappa statistic. Treatments were assessed through mid-term follow-up. RESULTS: The 227 femurs were classified into five reproducible types: type 1 (33  %), normal bone strength without @entity85 (30  %), decreased bone strength without @entity85 ; type 3 (12  %), isolated @entity3192 with neck-shaft angle <120  ; type 4 (11  %), isolated @entity85 in the proximal femoral shaft; and type 5 (14  %), @entity3192 with @entity85 in the proximal femoral shaft. Intra- and interobserver kappa values were excellent, ranging from 0.85 to 0.88. Good clinical outcomes were achieved. CONCLUSIONS: This radiographic classification of @entity82 is reproducible and useful for describing and assessing this disease. The treatments based on this classification were effective.

title: Radiographic classification and treatment of XXXX of the proximal femur: 227 femurs with a mean follow-up of 6  years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['valgus deformity', 'angular deformity; type 2', 'angular deformity', 'varus deformity']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous dysplasia']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrous dysplasia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To identify parental influences affecting micronutrient supplementation in @entity1 and adolescents (2-18 years of age) with @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ), a multi-method (survey, focus groups) study was conducted. A 35-item questionnaire consisting of open- and closed-ended questions was launched nationally via Canadian Celiac Association internet sites. Five focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. The survey and semi-structured interview guide content was vetted for face and content validity. Thematic analyses were conducted on the focus group content and open-ended survey questions, and   (2) and Fischer's exact analysis were performed on closed-ended survey data. Survey respondents were predominantly mothers (97%) of female @entity1 (80 F, 49 M) between the ages of 9-12 (31%) with @entity1593 , residing in western provinces (55%) with a combined family income >=  100   000/year (63%). Seventy-seven percent of parental respondent's @entity1 or adolescents consumed micronutrient supplements, for 1-5 years (52%), 7 days a week (65%), as both multi-vitamin and single vitamin preparations (40%). Parental influences on @entity1 micronutrient use included health beliefs and knowledge, parental supplement use, supplement characteristics, age of @entity1 (above or below 13 years), household routines, and provincial residential status (P < 0.05). Parents relied on health professional recommendation (69%; @entity601 , RD) and the internet (21%) as sources of information regarding @entity1 micronutrient supplementation. Parental health beliefs and knowledge, socio-demographic factors, and practitioner recommendation influence micronutrient supplement use in @entity1 and adolescents with @entity1593 .

title: Parental Health Beliefs, Socio-demographics, and Healthcare Recommendations Influence Micronutrient Supplementation in Youth with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['Celiac Disease', 'CD']

answer: @entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['Celiac Disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity292 is a rare complication of @entity694 . Despite radical resections, these @entity1 usually have a poor prognosis with a mean survival of 23 months and long-term survival is rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: A 48-year-old Latino-American @entity1 presented with watery diarrhea, diffuse @entity490 and @entity353 for 3 months. A computed tomography scan revealed a mass in the splenic flexure that had infiltrated his stomach and diaphragm. Panendoscopy and colonoscopy confirmed the presence of a fistula between the distal transverse colon and the stomach, which was secondary to a @entity694 . His colon, stomach and left diaphragm were resected en bloc. A histological examination revealed a moderately differentiated @entity694 that had infiltrated the full width of the gastric wall with 37 negative lymph nodes and clear surgical margins. Adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity416 and @entity901 was administered after surgery. Our @entity1 is alive and without any recurrence 5 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: En bloc resection with adjuvant chemotherapy offers the best treatment option for gastrocolic fistulas. This is one of the @entity1 with greater survival reported in the medical literature.

title: XXXX secondary to @entity694 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrocolic fistula']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the colon', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['Gastrocolic fistula']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity292 is a rare complication of @entity694 . Despite radical resections, these @entity1 usually have a poor prognosis with a mean survival of 23 months and long-term survival is rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: A 48-year-old Latino-American @entity1 presented with watery diarrhea, diffuse @entity490 and @entity353 for 3 months. A computed tomography scan revealed a mass in the splenic flexure that had infiltrated his stomach and diaphragm. Panendoscopy and colonoscopy confirmed the presence of a fistula between the distal transverse colon and the stomach, which was secondary to a @entity694 . His colon, stomach and left diaphragm were resected en bloc. A histological examination revealed a moderately differentiated @entity694 that had infiltrated the full width of the gastric wall with 37 negative lymph nodes and clear surgical margins. Adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity416 and @entity901 was administered after surgery. Our @entity1 is alive and without any recurrence 5 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: En bloc resection with adjuvant chemotherapy offers the best treatment option for gastrocolic fistulas. This is one of the @entity1 with greater survival reported in the medical literature.

title: @entity292 secondary to XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon']


abstract: Domestic allergens, such as mite and cat allergens, are a leading cause of @entity56 . Allergen exposure is a risk factor for sensitization. Allergens also play a major role in the development of @entity32 and non specific @entity6587 as well as in the apparition and modulation of symptomatic @entity565 . The development of new means of detecting allergens (i.e. immunochemical assays including monoclonal antibodies, quantitative and semiquantitative @entity2774 measurements for mite allergens) has made possible to identify allergens sources and reservoirs. The form in which domestic allergens become airborne is important. The group I and II allergens from mites, the major cockroach allergens are carried on large particles (mean size > 10 microns diameter); in contrast, the major cat allergens are airborne on small particles (40% < 5 microns). @entity2774 , a @entity209 , is used as a marker for mite feces and is correlated with the presence of major allergens from mites. A colorimetric method (Acarex-TestR) provides a simple and inexpensive method of assaying indoor mite allergen exposure for both doctor and @entity1 alike. By using Acarex-TestR it is possible to evaluate the mite allergen exposure for a population in a particular country. The detection of allergens sources and reservoirs, the quantification of domestic allergens has enabled the evaluation of the effect of a reduction in allergen exposure to be better assessed. Recognition of the risks, environmental control and reduction in allergen loads, should be among the objectives of @entity565 management.

title: [Importance of measuring exposure to the principal indoor allergens in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2774 :: ('MESH:D006147', 'Chemical') :: ['guanine', 'Guanine']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic asthma']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic excretion product of mites']

entities_list: @entity6587 :: ('MESH:D016535', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial hyperreactivity']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic asthma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1370 is the major dose-limiting factor in the chemotherapeutic use of @entity632 ( @entity3105 ). A delivery vehicle that can be triggered to release its payload in the tumoral microvasculature but not in healthy tissue would help improve the therapeutic window of the drug. Delivery strategies combining liposomal encapsulated @entity3105 (LDox), microbubbles (MBs), and ultrasound (US) have been shown to improve therapeutic efficacy of LDox, but much remains to be known about the mechanisms and the US conditions that maximize @entity137 using this approach. In this study, we compared different US pulses in terms of drug release and acute @entity137 . Drug uptake and proliferation rates using low-intensity US were measured in squamous cell @entity189 cells exposed to LDox conjugated to or coinjected with polymer MBs. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare the effects of low- and high-pressure US on @entity3105 release kinetics; (2) to evaluate whether conjugating the liposome to the MB surface (DoxLPX) is an important factor for drug release and @entity137 ; and (3) to determine which US parameters most inhibit cell proliferation and whether this inhibition is mediated by drug release or the MB/US interaction with cells. Low-pressure US (170 kPa) at high duty cycle (stable cavitation) released up to    70% of the encapsulated @entity3105 from the DoxLPX, thus improving @entity3105 bioavailability and cellular uptake and leading to a significant reduction in cell proliferation at 48 h. Flow cytometry showed that US generating stable oscillations of DoxLPX significantly increased cellular @entity3105 uptake at 4 h after US exposure compared to LDox. Drug uptake was correlated with @entity137 at 48 h. Our results demonstrate that @entity3105 -containing liposomes conjugated to polymer MBs can be triggered to release    70% of their payload using noninertial US. Following release, @entity3105 became bioavailable to the cells and induced significantly higher @entity137 compared to nonreleased encapsulated drug. Our findings show promise for targeted drug delivery using this theranostic delivery platform at low US intensities.

title: Low Intensity Ultrasound Mediated Liposomal XXXX Delivery Using Polymer Microbubbles.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['Doxorubicin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: EV-D68 is associated with @entity1729 ( @entity1729 ). Since its first isolation, EV-D68 has been detected sporadically. However, the US and Canada have experienced outbreaks of EV-D68 infections between August and December 2014. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of EV-D68 in Chongqing, Southwestern China. From January 2012 to November 2014, 1876 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens (NPAs) were collected from hospitalized @entity1 with @entity1729 . Among the 1876 NPAs, EV-D68 was detected in 19 samples (1.0%, 19/1876). Of these, 13 samples were detected in September and October 2014 (9.8%, 13/132). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all 13 strains detected in the 2014 Chongqing had high homology with the main strains of the 2014 US outbreak. Among the @entity1 with EV-D68 infection, 13 (68%) had a history of recurrent wheezing. A total of 13 @entity1 had a discharge diagnosis of @entity565 . Of these, 11 @entity1 were diagnosed with acute @entity565 exacerbation. EV-D68 was the predominant pathogen that evoked @entity565 exacerbation in September and October 2014. In conclusion, our results found that a history of recurrent wheezing may be a risk factor for the detection of EV-D68 and viral-induced @entity565 exacerbation may be a clinical feature of EV-D68 infection.

title: Prevalence and molecular characterizations of enterovirus D68 among @entity1 with acute XXXX in China between 2012 and 2014.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections', 'RTIs']

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['respiratory infection']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: EV-D68 is associated with @entity1729 ( @entity1729 ). Since its first isolation, EV-D68 has been detected sporadically. However, the US and Canada have experienced outbreaks of EV-D68 infections between August and December 2014. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of EV-D68 in Chongqing, Southwestern China. From January 2012 to November 2014, 1876 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens (NPAs) were collected from hospitalized @entity1 with @entity1729 . Among the 1876 NPAs, EV-D68 was detected in 19 samples (1.0%, 19/1876). Of these, 13 samples were detected in September and October 2014 (9.8%, 13/132). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all 13 strains detected in the 2014 Chongqing had high homology with the main strains of the 2014 US outbreak. Among the @entity1 with EV-D68 infection, 13 (68%) had a history of recurrent wheezing. A total of 13 @entity1 had a discharge diagnosis of @entity565 . Of these, 11 @entity1 were diagnosed with acute @entity565 exacerbation. EV-D68 was the predominant pathogen that evoked @entity565 exacerbation in September and October 2014. In conclusion, our results found that a history of recurrent wheezing may be a risk factor for the detection of EV-D68 and viral-induced @entity565 exacerbation may be a clinical feature of EV-D68 infection.

title: Prevalence and molecular characterizations of enterovirus D68 among XXXX with acute @entity1729 in China between 2012 and 2014.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Head-up tilt test is increasingly being used to evaluate @entity1 with @entity1163 . This study was designed to evaluate the specificity of head-up tilt testing using different tilt angles and @entity3044 infusion doses in normal volunteers with no prior history of @entity1163 or @entity1163 . METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred fifty volunteers were randomized to two groups of 75 each. In group 1, subjects were further randomized to have head-up tilt testing at a 60, 70, or 80 degree angle at baseline followed by repeat tilt testing during a low-dose @entity3044 infusion that increased the heart rate by an average of 20%. In group 2, after having a baseline head-up tilt test at a 70 degree angle for a maximum of 20 minutes, subjects were randomized to have a repeat tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle during a low-dose, 3 micrograms/min, or 5 micrograms/min @entity3044 infusion. In group 1, @entity1163 or @entity1163 along with @entity551 developed in 2 subjects during the baseline test at 60 and 70 degrees of tilt and in 5 subjects during tilting at 80 degrees. The addition of low-dose @entity3044 reduced the specificity minimally from 92% to 88% at both 60 and 70 degrees of tilt but substantially to 60% at an 80 degrees angle. However, 6 of the 10 subjects with a positive test at an 80 degree angle had an abnormal response after 10 minutes of tilt testing. In group 2, using various @entity3044 doses with tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle, low-dose (mean infusion dose, 1.5 +/- 0.45 microgram/min), 3 micrograms/min, and 5 micrograms/min @entity3044 infusions elicited an abnormal response in 1 (4%), 5 (20%), and 14 (56%) of the subjects, respectively. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, head-up tilt testing at an 80 degree angle (P = .01) or during 3 micrograms/min (P = .02) and 5 micrograms/min @entity3044 infusion rates (P < .001) was the most significant predictor of an abnormal response. CONCLUSIONS: Head-up tilt testing at a 60 or 70 degree angle with or without low-dose @entity3044 infusion provides an adequate specificity. Caution is needed, however, in interpreting the results if the head-up tilt test at 80 degrees is extended beyond 10 minutes or if high doses of @entity3044 are used.

title: Provocation of XXXX during head-up tilt testing in subjects with no history of @entity1163 or @entity1163 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['syncope', 'presyncope']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['hypotension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Head-up tilt test is increasingly being used to evaluate @entity1 with @entity1163 . This study was designed to evaluate the specificity of head-up tilt testing using different tilt angles and @entity3044 infusion doses in normal volunteers with no prior history of @entity1163 or @entity1163 . METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred fifty volunteers were randomized to two groups of 75 each. In group 1, subjects were further randomized to have head-up tilt testing at a 60, 70, or 80 degree angle at baseline followed by repeat tilt testing during a low-dose @entity3044 infusion that increased the heart rate by an average of 20%. In group 2, after having a baseline head-up tilt test at a 70 degree angle for a maximum of 20 minutes, subjects were randomized to have a repeat tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle during a low-dose, 3 micrograms/min, or 5 micrograms/min @entity3044 infusion. In group 1, @entity1163 or @entity1163 along with @entity551 developed in 2 subjects during the baseline test at 60 and 70 degrees of tilt and in 5 subjects during tilting at 80 degrees. The addition of low-dose @entity3044 reduced the specificity minimally from 92% to 88% at both 60 and 70 degrees of tilt but substantially to 60% at an 80 degrees angle. However, 6 of the 10 subjects with a positive test at an 80 degree angle had an abnormal response after 10 minutes of tilt testing. In group 2, using various @entity3044 doses with tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle, low-dose (mean infusion dose, 1.5 +/- 0.45 microgram/min), 3 micrograms/min, and 5 micrograms/min @entity3044 infusions elicited an abnormal response in 1 (4%), 5 (20%), and 14 (56%) of the subjects, respectively. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, head-up tilt testing at an 80 degree angle (P = .01) or during 3 micrograms/min (P = .02) and 5 micrograms/min @entity3044 infusion rates (P < .001) was the most significant predictor of an abnormal response. CONCLUSIONS: Head-up tilt testing at a 60 or 70 degree angle with or without low-dose @entity3044 infusion provides an adequate specificity. Caution is needed, however, in interpreting the results if the head-up tilt test at 80 degrees is extended beyond 10 minutes or if high doses of @entity3044 are used.

title: Provocation of @entity551 during head-up tilt testing in subjects with no history of XXXX or @entity1163 .

answer: @entity1163 :: (MESH:D013575,Disease) :: ['syncope']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Head-up tilt test is increasingly being used to evaluate @entity1 with @entity1163 . This study was designed to evaluate the specificity of head-up tilt testing using different tilt angles and @entity3044 infusion doses in normal volunteers with no prior history of @entity1163 or @entity1163 . METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred fifty volunteers were randomized to two groups of 75 each. In group 1, subjects were further randomized to have head-up tilt testing at a 60, 70, or 80 degree angle at baseline followed by repeat tilt testing during a low-dose @entity3044 infusion that increased the heart rate by an average of 20%. In group 2, after having a baseline head-up tilt test at a 70 degree angle for a maximum of 20 minutes, subjects were randomized to have a repeat tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle during a low-dose, 3 micrograms/min, or 5 micrograms/min @entity3044 infusion. In group 1, @entity1163 or @entity1163 along with @entity551 developed in 2 subjects during the baseline test at 60 and 70 degrees of tilt and in 5 subjects during tilting at 80 degrees. The addition of low-dose @entity3044 reduced the specificity minimally from 92% to 88% at both 60 and 70 degrees of tilt but substantially to 60% at an 80 degrees angle. However, 6 of the 10 subjects with a positive test at an 80 degree angle had an abnormal response after 10 minutes of tilt testing. In group 2, using various @entity3044 doses with tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle, low-dose (mean infusion dose, 1.5 +/- 0.45 microgram/min), 3 micrograms/min, and 5 micrograms/min @entity3044 infusions elicited an abnormal response in 1 (4%), 5 (20%), and 14 (56%) of the subjects, respectively. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, head-up tilt testing at an 80 degree angle (P = .01) or during 3 micrograms/min (P = .02) and 5 micrograms/min @entity3044 infusion rates (P < .001) was the most significant predictor of an abnormal response. CONCLUSIONS: Head-up tilt testing at a 60 or 70 degree angle with or without low-dose @entity3044 infusion provides an adequate specificity. Caution is needed, however, in interpreting the results if the head-up tilt test at 80 degrees is extended beyond 10 minutes or if high doses of @entity3044 are used.

title: Provocation of @entity551 during head-up tilt testing in subjects with no history of @entity1163 or XXXX .

answer: @entity1163 :: (MESH:D013575,Disease) :: ['presyncope']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the understanding of @entity210 and its management by @entity1 and general practitioners (GP), and to identify barriers to optimal @entity210 care. METHODS: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 GP and 22 @entity1 in Sydney, Australia. Discussions were focused on medication adherence, experiences with @entity210 , and education and perceptions around interventions for @entity210 . Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed for themes using an analytical framework. RESULTS: Adherence to urate-lowering medications was identified as problematic by GP, but less so by @entity1 with @entity210 . However, @entity1 had little appreciation of the risk of acute attacks related to variable adherence. @entity1 felt stigmatized that their @entity210 diagnosis was predominantly related to perceptions that @entity285 and dietary excess were causal. @entity1 felt they did not have enough education about @entity210 and how to manage it. A manifestation of this was that @entity414 concentrations were infrequently measured. GP were concerned that they did not know enough about managing @entity210 and most were not familiar with current guidelines for management. For example and importantly, the strategies for reducing the risk of acute attacks when commencing urate-lowering therapy (ULT) were not well appreciated by GP or @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity1 and GP wished to know more about @entity210 and its management. Greater success in establishing and maintaining ULT will require further and better education to substantially benefit @entity1 . Also, given the prevalence, and personal and societal significance of @entity210 , innovative approaches to transforming the management of this eminently treatable disease are needed.

title: Barriers to Care in Gout: From Prescriber to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: AIMS: To estimate disease progression based on analysis of macular volume measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in @entity1 affected by @entity1020 ( @entity24816 ) and to evaluate the influence of software errors on these measurements. METHODS: 58 eyes of 29 @entity24816 @entity1 were included. Numbers and types of algorithm errors were recorded and manually corrected. In a subgroup of 36 eyes of 18 @entity1 with at least two examinations over time, total macular volume ( @entity21104 ) and volumes of all nine Early Treatment of @entity6 Study (ETDRS) subfields were obtained. Random effects models were used to estimate the rate of change per year for the population, and empirical Bayes slopes were used to estimate yearly decline in @entity21104 for individual eyes. RESULTS: 6958 single B-scans from 190 macular cube scans were analysed. 2360 (33.9%) showed algorithm errors. Mean observation period for follow-up data was 15   months (range 3-40). The median (IQR) change in @entity21104 using the empirical Bayes estimates for the individual eyes was -0.103 (-0.145, -0.059) mm(3) per year. The mean (  SD) @entity21104 was 6.321  1.000   mm(3) at baseline, and rate of decline was -0.118   mm(3) per year (p=0.003). Yearly mean volume change was -0.004   mm(3) in the central subfield (mean baseline=0.128   mm(3)), -0.032   mm(3) in the inner (mean baseline=1.484   mm(3)) and -0.079   mm(3) in the outer ETDRS subfields (mean baseline=5.206   mm(3)). CONCLUSIONS: SD-OCT measurements allow monitoring the decline in retinal volume in @entity24816 ; however, they require significant manual correction of software errors.

title: Assessment of estimated retinal atrophy progression in XXXX using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic Retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['Stargardt macular dystrophy']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['Stargardt macular dystrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thyroid ultrasound to assess for nodular growth is commonly performed during the follow-up of @entity1 with benign thyroid nodules, with the goal of identifying @entity1 with a missed diagnosis of @entity259 . The objective of this study was to summarise the evidence regarding the diagnostic accuracy of growth during follow-up of benign thyroid nodules for @entity259 . METHODS: We searched multiple electronic databases using a search strategy designed by an experienced medical librarian from inception to March 2015. Eligible studies included @entity1 with benign thyroid nodules assessed for growth during follow-up and evaluated for @entity259 either by surgical histology or a repeat fine needle aspiration biopsy. Reviewers working independently and in duplicate recorded data and assessed each study. RESULTS: The 7 eligible studies lacked safeguards against bias and generated results that were imprecise with wide confidence intervals and inconsistent across studies. This warrants very low confidence in these results. The odds of @entity259 on histopathology in @entity1 with nodule growth over the odds in @entity1 without nodule growth (diagnostic odds ratio) was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.26 to 1.3); the diagnostic odds ratio was 2.2 (95% CI: 0.26 to 18) when an abnormal repeat biopsy was the reference standard. CONCLUSION: The body of evidence linking nodule growth with @entity259 during the follow-up of benign nodules warrants very low confidence. In the era of high value healthcare, the commonplace practice of following benign thyroid nodules with serial ultrasound assessment of growth to diagnose @entity5 can be questioned, calling for imminent evaluation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Diagnostic accuracy of thyroid nodule growth to predict XXXX in thyroid nodules with benign cytology: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy']


abstract: Targeted tumorigenesis, using the @entity11982 gene promoter ligated to the @entity2235 large T antigen, generated @entity19 with massive @entity5 of the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary. Inoculation of @entity19 with the IL @entity5 cells resulted in very large secondary @entity5 . As the IL from several species produces a potent @entity4059 ( @entity4059 ), it was of interest to determine whether @entity1313 from these @entity19 also contain @entity4059 . The objectives were to 1) measure serum PRL levels in @entity19 with @entity1313 , 2) determine whether these @entity5 contain @entity4059 and examine its chromatographic properties, and 3) analyze whether this @entity4059 is related to @entity11982 , its derivatives, or other PRL secretagogues. Serum PRL levels were 5- to 6-fold higher in transgenic than in control @entity19 . Primary and secondary @entity1313 were acid extracted and successively fractionated using Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and reverse phase and gel permeation HPLC. @entity4059 activity was determined using short term incubation of tissue extracts or column fractions with GH3 cells. Crude @entity5 extracts exhibited a strong and dose-dependent @entity4059 activity. Upon chromatography, the @entity4059 activity from either primary or secondary @entity5 resolved into two classes of compounds: a big @entity4059 with an estimated mol wt of 70-80 kilodaltons and two small, very hydrophobic peptides. The elution profiles of the three PRFs differed from those of beta-endorphin, alpha MSH, @entity11982 , ACTH, @entity1218 , @entity398 , angiotensin II, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, or corticotropin-like intermediate peptide. In summary, we have identified an animal model with @entity1313 that has @entity4089 and overproduces @entity4059 . Two classes of PRFs, big and small, were resolved which differ from @entity11982 derivatives and known regulators of PRL release. These data suggest that @entity4059 is produced by melanotrophs, but is not a product of the @entity11982 gene. The @entity1313 should provide an excellent source for the purification and structural elucidation of PRFs.

title: Identification of two classes of prolactin-releasing factors in XXXX from @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity4059 :: ('MESH:D007020', 'Disease') :: ['PRL-releasing factor', 'PRF']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'nude mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['intermediate lobe tumors']


abstract: Targeted tumorigenesis, using the @entity11982 gene promoter ligated to the @entity2235 large T antigen, generated @entity19 with massive @entity5 of the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary. Inoculation of @entity19 with the IL @entity5 cells resulted in very large secondary @entity5 . As the IL from several species produces a potent @entity4059 ( @entity4059 ), it was of interest to determine whether @entity1313 from these @entity19 also contain @entity4059 . The objectives were to 1) measure serum PRL levels in @entity19 with @entity1313 , 2) determine whether these @entity5 contain @entity4059 and examine its chromatographic properties, and 3) analyze whether this @entity4059 is related to @entity11982 , its derivatives, or other PRL secretagogues. Serum PRL levels were 5- to 6-fold higher in transgenic than in control @entity19 . Primary and secondary @entity1313 were acid extracted and successively fractionated using Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and reverse phase and gel permeation HPLC. @entity4059 activity was determined using short term incubation of tissue extracts or column fractions with GH3 cells. Crude @entity5 extracts exhibited a strong and dose-dependent @entity4059 activity. Upon chromatography, the @entity4059 activity from either primary or secondary @entity5 resolved into two classes of compounds: a big @entity4059 with an estimated mol wt of 70-80 kilodaltons and two small, very hydrophobic peptides. The elution profiles of the three PRFs differed from those of beta-endorphin, alpha MSH, @entity11982 , ACTH, @entity1218 , @entity398 , angiotensin II, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, or corticotropin-like intermediate peptide. In summary, we have identified an animal model with @entity1313 that has @entity4089 and overproduces @entity4059 . Two classes of PRFs, big and small, were resolved which differ from @entity11982 derivatives and known regulators of PRL release. These data suggest that @entity4059 is produced by melanotrophs, but is not a product of the @entity11982 gene. The @entity1313 should provide an excellent source for the purification and structural elucidation of PRFs.

title: Identification of two classes of prolactin-releasing factors in @entity1313 from XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['transgenic mice']


abstract: Anecdotal reports have suggested that @entity65 may occur if thrombolytic therapy is performed in cases of @entity2396 misdiagnosed as acute @entity583 . From 1980 to 1993, 47 cases of myopericarditis mimicking @entity583 have been admitted to our institution. The misdiagnosis was made because of clinical onset characterized by a typical @entity662 , and/or localized ST segment elevation. Since 1987, nine (9/9 males, age 40 +/- 14 years) out of the 47 @entity1 (19%) have been treated with a thrombolytic agent (streptokinase 4/9, rt-PA 5/9) followed by intravenous heparin. This treatment was started during the pre-hospital phase (2/9) and while in hospital (7/9). No pericardial rub was present; ST segment elevation was mainly localized in inferior and lateral leads; no Q wave developed; median @entity908 kinase rise was 268 units (range 38 to 1280), and only one @entity1 had a small pericardial effusion. The mean level of @entity2002 after thrombolysis was 1.72 g.l-1 (range 0.10 to 4.50). In all cases, typical ECG changes were present suggesting @entity2396 with a subsequent return to a normal ECG. No severe @entity299 or @entity943 occurred; only one @entity1 developed a @entity2294 . Cardiac catheterizations (coronary and left ventricular angiographies) were normal when performed (5/9). Long-term follow-up (mean 46 +/- 29 months) was favourable without any coronary events. In conclusion, thrombolytic therapy was uncomplicated in our @entity1 with myopericarditis simulating evolving @entity583 .

title: Outcome after thrombolytic therapy of nine cases of myopericarditis misdiagnosed as XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['non-compressive and resolvable pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac or pericardial complication']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A caesarean section (CS) can cause a defect or disruption of the myometrium at the site of the uterine scar, called a niche. In recent years, an association between a niche and @entity1867 after a CS has been demonstrated. Hysteroscopic resection of these niches is thought to reduce spotting and @entity1834 . However, there are no randomised trials assessing the effectiveness of a hysteroscopic niche resection. METHODS/DESIGN: We planned a multicentre randomised trial comparing hysteroscopic niche resection to no intervention. We study @entity1 with @entity1867 after a CS and a niche with a residual myometrium of at least 3  mm during sonohysterography. After informed consent is obtained, eligible @entity1 will be randomly allocated to hysteroscopic resection of the niche or expectant management for 6  months. The primary outcome is the number of days with @entity1867 during one menstrual cycle 6  months after randomisation. Secondary outcomes are menstrual characteristics, menstruation related @entity158 and experienced discomfort due to spotting or @entity1834 , quality of life, @entity1 satisfaction, sexual function, urological symptoms, medical consultations, medication use, complications, lost productivity and medical costs. Measurements will be performed at baseline and at 3 and 6  months after randomisation. A cost-effectiveness analysis will be performed from a societal perspective at 6  months after randomisation. DISCUSSION: This trial will provide insight in the (cost)effectiveness of hysteroscopic resection of a niche versus expectant management in @entity1 who have @entity1867 and a niche with sufficient residual myometrium to perform a hysteroscopic niche resection. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Dutch Trial Register NTR3269 . Registered 1 February 2012. ZonMw Grant number 80-82305-97-12030.

title: The HysNiche trial: hysteroscopic resection of uterine caesarean scar defect (niche) in XXXX with abnormal bleeding, a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['postmenstrual spotting']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated the long-term results of @entity886 replacement for @entity4503 @entity1 with or without surgical treatment of the ascending aorta. METHODS: A total of 145 @entity4503 @entity1 had undergone @entity886 replacement since 1974 at our institution. No surgical treatment (Group-N; n  =  115) was performed in the ascending aorta if the diameter was less than 40  mm. We wrapped an ascending aorta of 40-50  mm with an artificial graft (Group-W; n  =  19), and performed replacement (Group-R; n  =  11) if the ascending aorta measured more than 50  mm. Follow-up was completed for 144 @entity1 (99.3  % of the cases). RESULTS: The hospital mortality rate was 1.4  %. There were no significant differences among Groups N, W and R in the freedom from valve-related @entity204 and @entity204 at 10  years after surgery. The rates of freedom from aorta-related events in the three groups at 10  years after surgery were 98.3  % (Group-N), 100  % (Group-W) and 100  % (Group-R). CONCLUSIONS: The long-term survival was equivalent among the three groups, and the rates of freedom from aorta-related @entity204 or events were low. Our surgical protocol for the treatment of the enlarged ascending aorta associated with BAV is appropriate.

title: Long-term results after treatment of the ascending aorta for XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity4503 :: ('MESH:C562388', 'Disease') :: ['bicuspid aortic valve']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death', 'death']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve']

answer: @entity4503 :: (MESH:C562388,Disease) :: ['bicuspid aortic valve']


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated the long-term results of @entity886 replacement for @entity4503 @entity1 with or without surgical treatment of the ascending aorta. METHODS: A total of 145 @entity4503 @entity1 had undergone @entity886 replacement since 1974 at our institution. No surgical treatment (Group-N; n  =  115) was performed in the ascending aorta if the diameter was less than 40  mm. We wrapped an ascending aorta of 40-50  mm with an artificial graft (Group-W; n  =  19), and performed replacement (Group-R; n  =  11) if the ascending aorta measured more than 50  mm. Follow-up was completed for 144 @entity1 (99.3  % of the cases). RESULTS: The hospital mortality rate was 1.4  %. There were no significant differences among Groups N, W and R in the freedom from valve-related @entity204 and @entity204 at 10  years after surgery. The rates of freedom from aorta-related events in the three groups at 10  years after surgery were 98.3  % (Group-N), 100  % (Group-W) and 100  % (Group-R). CONCLUSIONS: The long-term survival was equivalent among the three groups, and the rates of freedom from aorta-related @entity204 or events were low. Our surgical protocol for the treatment of the enlarged ascending aorta associated with BAV is appropriate.

title: Long-term results after treatment of the ascending aorta for @entity4503 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Accumulation of phosphorylated a-synuclein in neurons and glial cells is a histological hallmark of @entity1832 ( @entity1832 ) and @entity9576 ( @entity9576 ). Recently, filamentous aggregations of phosphorylated a-synuclein have been reported in the cytoplasm of Schwann cells, but not in axons, in the peripheral nervous system in @entity9576 , mainly in the cranial and spinal nerve roots. Here we conducted an immunohistochemical investigation of the cranial and spinal nerves and dorsal root ganglia of @entity1 with @entity1832 . Lewy axons were found in the oculomotor, trigeminal and @entity4775 , but not in the hypoglossal nerve. The @entity4775 were most frequently affected, with involvement in all of 20 subjects. In the spinal nerve roots, Lewy axons were found in all of the cases examined. Lewy axons in the anterior nerves were more frequent and numerous in the thoracic and sacral segments than in the cervical and lumbar segments. On the other hand, axonal lesions in the posterior spinal nerve roots appeared to increase along a cervical-to-sacral gradient. Although Schwann cell cytoplasmic inclusions were found in the spinal nerves, they were only minimal. In the dorsal root ganglia, axonal lesions were seldom evident. These findings indicate that a-synuclein pathology in the peripheral nerves is axonal-predominant in @entity1832 , whereas it is restricted to glial cells in @entity9576 .

title: a-Synuclein pathology in the cranial and spinal nerves in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1832 :: ('MESH:D020961', 'Disease') :: ['Lewy body disease', 'LBD']

entities_list: @entity4775 :: ('MESH:D020421', 'Disease') :: ['glossopharyngeal-vagus nerves']

entities_list: @entity9576 :: ('MESH:D019578', 'Disease') :: ['MSA', 'multiple system atrophy']

answer: @entity1832 :: (MESH:D020961,Disease) :: ['Lewy body disease']


abstract: Experimental data demonstrate that @entity8 to @entity801 . In the present study the incidence of and risk factors for @entity4028 nephrotoxicity were prospectively studied in @entity1 with @entity3883 . Two hundred and thirty-seven hospitalized adult @entity1 were classified into three groups. Group I consisted of 84 @entity1 with @entity3883 , who received @entity4028 ( @entity801 or @entity2890 ). Group II consisted of 81 @entity1 with @entity3883 , who received either antibiotics other than @entity4028 or no antimicrobial therapy. Group III consisted of 72 noncholestatic @entity1 receiving @entity581 for different disorders. Nephrotoxicity developed in 27 @entity1 (32%) in group I vs 9 @entity1 (11%) in group II and 4 @entity1 (5.6%) in group III (p < 0.00001). In group I, a comparison of @entity1 with and without nephrotoxicity revealed significantly higher values in the former for mean serum @entity648 concentration, initial steady-state trough @entity4028 concentration and estimated half-life. Stepwise multivariate analysis with nephrotoxicity status as the dependent variable determined that the most significant variable for predicting nephrotoxicity was serum total @entity648 level. In extrahepatic @entity1448 a high serum @entity648 level is a distinct factor predisposing to @entity4028 nephrotoxicity.

title: XXXX -associated nephrotoxicity in @entity3883 .

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['biliary obstruction increases renal sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['extrahepatic obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity4028 :: (CHEBI:47779,Chemical) :: ['Aminoglycoside']


abstract: Experimental data demonstrate that @entity8 to @entity801 . In the present study the incidence of and risk factors for @entity4028 nephrotoxicity were prospectively studied in @entity1 with @entity3883 . Two hundred and thirty-seven hospitalized adult @entity1 were classified into three groups. Group I consisted of 84 @entity1 with @entity3883 , who received @entity4028 ( @entity801 or @entity2890 ). Group II consisted of 81 @entity1 with @entity3883 , who received either antibiotics other than @entity4028 or no antimicrobial therapy. Group III consisted of 72 noncholestatic @entity1 receiving @entity581 for different disorders. Nephrotoxicity developed in 27 @entity1 (32%) in group I vs 9 @entity1 (11%) in group II and 4 @entity1 (5.6%) in group III (p < 0.00001). In group I, a comparison of @entity1 with and without nephrotoxicity revealed significantly higher values in the former for mean serum @entity648 concentration, initial steady-state trough @entity4028 concentration and estimated half-life. Stepwise multivariate analysis with nephrotoxicity status as the dependent variable determined that the most significant variable for predicting nephrotoxicity was serum total @entity648 level. In extrahepatic @entity1448 a high serum @entity648 level is a distinct factor predisposing to @entity4028 nephrotoxicity.

title: @entity4028 -associated nephrotoxicity in XXXX .

answer: @entity3883 :: (MESH:D041781,Disease) :: ['extrahepatic obstructive jaundice']


abstract: Temperature/time curves and corresponding CT scans of > 200 regional heat treatments with the @entity221 system BSD-2000 in 43 @entity1 have been analysed. In vivo variables and treatment parameters such as local specific absorption rate @entity22226 , local relative @entity22226 parallel @entity22226 parallel, total power P, local cooling coefficients wb, and local steady-state temperature elevations delta Tss (above systemic temperature) have been determined. For determination of wb the well-known and accepted steady-state approach has been used, which was slightly modified for the purposes of this study. Specifically, comparison of cooling coefficients at the beginning and end of heat treatments were performed in @entity5 and normal tissues. Other variables are anatomical descriptors from CT scans, score of side effects plim, and various clinical factors. A variance analysis of the dependent variables, specifically delta Tss and parallel @entity22226 parallel, is performed with respect to factors which were estimated as predictive. The intratumoral steady-state temperature elevations are determined by the perfusion-related cooling coefficients and local @entity22226 to almost the same extent. Increase of cooling coefficients in @entity5 during the heat treatment characterizing the thermoregulatory potential have a slight but less important influence with respect to the achieved temperature elevations. @entity22226 is influenced by several anatomical factors which determine the relative @entity22226 distribution and clinical factors which limit the total power P. However, options for controlling present RHT systems in order to optimize the relative @entity22226 distribution or to avoid hot spot phenomena appear limited. Three-dimensional modelling calculations show that the spatial arrangement of electrical interfaces emerging from bone and fat structures limits @entity22226 control in available RHT technology and is mainly responsible for local power-dependent discomfort (Wust et al. 1994b). Some conclusions are drawn, about how technological development of @entity221 technology can contribute towards overcoming this problem.

title: Clinical, physiological and anatomical determinants for radiofrequency XXXX .

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['hyperthermia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim was to analyse the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients with anti- @entity3391 receptor (anti-NMDAR) @entity198 in China. METHODS: A retrospective study of anti-NMDAR @entity198 in China was performed between June 2011 and June 2014. The clinical characteristics and predictors of poor outcome were determined. RESULTS: A total of 51 @entity1 with a definitive diagnosis of anti-NMDAR @entity198 were included in this study. Four of them were surgically confirmed to have a @entity5 . Thirty-two @entity1 , amongst whom 24 were female, presented with @entity146 as the initial symptom, whereas 14 @entity1 , of whom nine were male, presented with @entity410 as the initial symptom (P = 0.011). Twenty-nine @entity1 (56.86%) were initially misdiagnosed with @entity716 , @entity11410 or other diseases, and 58.8% of the @entity1 experienced at least one type of complication. It typically took 3 weeks before these @entity1 were admitted to our hospital and another 2 weeks before the correct diagnosis was made. Forty-one @entity1 (80%) reached a good outcome; 10 @entity1 (20%) had a poor outcome. Older age, extended hospital stay, @entity2414 , @entity909 , @entity11627 , complications and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid results were associated with poor outcome (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Female @entity1 more frequently initially present with @entity146 but male @entity1 more frequently initially present with @entity410 . Patients with anti-NMDAR @entity198 in China have a lower incidence of @entity5 . Nevertheless, this study reveals several challenges in treating anti-NMDAR @entity198 in China that may contribute to poor outcome.

title: Anti- XXXX @entity198 : clinical characteristics, predictors of outcome and the knowledge gap in southwest China.

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity11627 :: ('MESH:C536209', 'Disease') :: ['central hypoventilation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity11410 :: ('MESH:D018792', 'Disease') :: ['viral encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity3391 :: ('D016202', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-d-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['decreased consciousness']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory deficits']

answer: @entity3391 :: (D016202,Chemical) :: ['NMDA']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim was to analyse the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients with anti- @entity3391 receptor (anti-NMDAR) @entity198 in China. METHODS: A retrospective study of anti-NMDAR @entity198 in China was performed between June 2011 and June 2014. The clinical characteristics and predictors of poor outcome were determined. RESULTS: A total of 51 @entity1 with a definitive diagnosis of anti-NMDAR @entity198 were included in this study. Four of them were surgically confirmed to have a @entity5 . Thirty-two @entity1 , amongst whom 24 were female, presented with @entity146 as the initial symptom, whereas 14 @entity1 , of whom nine were male, presented with @entity410 as the initial symptom (P = 0.011). Twenty-nine @entity1 (56.86%) were initially misdiagnosed with @entity716 , @entity11410 or other diseases, and 58.8% of the @entity1 experienced at least one type of complication. It typically took 3 weeks before these @entity1 were admitted to our hospital and another 2 weeks before the correct diagnosis was made. Forty-one @entity1 (80%) reached a good outcome; 10 @entity1 (20%) had a poor outcome. Older age, extended hospital stay, @entity2414 , @entity909 , @entity11627 , complications and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid results were associated with poor outcome (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Female @entity1 more frequently initially present with @entity146 but male @entity1 more frequently initially present with @entity410 . Patients with anti-NMDAR @entity198 in China have a lower incidence of @entity5 . Nevertheless, this study reveals several challenges in treating anti-NMDAR @entity198 in China that may contribute to poor outcome.

title: Anti- @entity3391 XXXX : clinical characteristics, predictors of outcome and the knowledge gap in southwest China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['receptor encephalitis']