abstract: Nine @entity1 , aged 19 to 57 years (mean: 37 years) with @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) secondarily resistant to chemotherapy (8 stages CS IV involving the bone marrow and 1 stage III) were studied. Histologic forms according to the Lennert classification were as follow: 1 nodular centrocytic which developed into a diffuse centroblastic, 3 diffuse immunoblastic, 4 diffuse centrocytic-centroblastic, and 1 T cell lymphoblastic. The nine @entity1 were managed by external irradiation of the lower half of the body (LHBI), followed six weeks later by irradiation of the upper half of the body (UHBI). A single dose of 8.00 Gy in 7 cases and 6.00 Gy in 2 cases was delivered. Three @entity1 developed severe medullary @entity3894 . Each of these @entity1 had received 8.00 Gy and been given a course of chemotherapy between the two radiation sessions. The @entity3894 was fatal in two @entity1 . Overall apparent clinical remission rate was 5/9, with one iatrogenic death at 3.5 months; one lost to follow-up after 8 months; for three other cases, the duration of apparent complete remission was 15, 22 and 36 months. One @entity1 was alive in partial remission 30 months after irradiation. Three @entity1 who failed to respond to treatment, were died between 4 and 11 months.

title: [Half-body irradiation and XXXX . Apropos of 9 cases].

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'non hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['drug-resistant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas']


abstract: The effect of a preceding brief interruption in the illumination of a small numeral eight on the @entity2167 was investigated in @entity1 subjects. In Exp. 1 (n = 9) trials were given in which a 20-msec. interruption of the visual stimulus preceded elicitation of the @entity427 blink by a loud tone at intervals from 80 to 200 msec. Compared to trials on which the digit was continuously lit but the reflex was elicited, the blink was augmented at 80 msec. and @entity308 at longer intervals. Exp. 2 (n = 24) showed that the @entity308 effect peaked at about 200 msec. and did not depend upon requiring subjects to make judgements concerning the stimuli. In Exp. 3 (n = 17) dark intervals ranged from 1.25 msec. to 40 msec. and preceded the loud tone by 200 msec. Reflex effects paralleled subjects' reports: dark intervals of 10 msec. or greater reliably inhibited the reflex and subjects reported seeing the dark interval at least 50% of the time at intervals of 8 msec. or greater, suggesting that the reflex method may be useful as an alternative objective technique for measuring visual temporal resolution.

title: Reflex modification by the @entity1 XXXX by antecedent interruption of a visual stimulus.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['auditory startle blink']

answer: @entity2167 :: (MESH:D006311,Disease) :: ['auditory startle blink']


abstract: The effect of a preceding brief interruption in the illumination of a small numeral eight on the @entity2167 was investigated in @entity1 subjects. In Exp. 1 (n = 9) trials were given in which a 20-msec. interruption of the visual stimulus preceded elicitation of the @entity427 blink by a loud tone at intervals from 80 to 200 msec. Compared to trials on which the digit was continuously lit but the reflex was elicited, the blink was augmented at 80 msec. and @entity308 at longer intervals. Exp. 2 (n = 24) showed that the @entity308 effect peaked at about 200 msec. and did not depend upon requiring subjects to make judgements concerning the stimuli. In Exp. 3 (n = 17) dark intervals ranged from 1.25 msec. to 40 msec. and preceded the loud tone by 200 msec. Reflex effects paralleled subjects' reports: dark intervals of 10 msec. or greater reliably inhibited the reflex and subjects reported seeing the dark interval at least 50% of the time at intervals of 8 msec. or greater, suggesting that the reflex method may be useful as an alternative objective technique for measuring visual temporal resolution.

title: Reflex modification by the XXXX @entity2167 by antecedent interruption of a visual stimulus.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Irregularity of the ventricular rhythm is a hallmark of @entity1 with @entity955 , yet the genesis of the irregularity is not yet fully understood. The role of the atrioventricular (AV) node in determining the irregularity of the ventricular response to @entity955 was investigated by comparing the frequency distributions of the atrial (AA) and the ventricular (RR) intervals. Atrial electrograms and surface electrocardiographic leads were recorded during sustained @entity955 in 12 @entity1 with conduction over the AV node. The scaling factor (mean RR interval/mean AA interval) quantified the ability of the conduction pathway to scale the atrial input to a slower ventricular response and ranged from 2.55 to 5.92 (mean +/- SD 3.77 +/- 0.92). The coefficient of variation (SD/mean) measured the relative variability of the AA and RR interval distributions. The @entity2224 of variation were not significantly different (0.20 +/- 0.04 versus 0.21 +/- 0.03, p greater than 0.27). Similar recordings were analyzed in six @entity1 with conduction over a accessory AV pathway. The scaling factor ranged from 1.54 to 2.46 (2.02 +/- 0.39) and, as was the case for @entity1 with conduction over the AV node, the @entity2224 of variation did not significantly differ (0.24 +/- 0.08 versus 0.27 +/- 0.10, p greater than 0.6). For both groups of @entity1 , ventricular variability and the maximal RR intervals were predicted by the product of the scaling factor and either atrial variability or maximal AA intervals, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Ventricular response to XXXX : role of atrioventricular conduction pathways.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['atrial and ventricular coefficients']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: Muscle relaxants are widely used for general anesthesia and may be responsible for IgE-dependent anaphylactic reactions (AR). A controversial issue in the field of @entity56 is whether ARs are more frequent or severe in @entity1097 subjects. Thus, we performed a case-control study comparing the distribution of various clinical and biologic signs of @entity402 . The case group included 32 @entity1 with a history of AR to @entity2900 , the most commonly used muscle relaxant. The control group included 128 subjects, matched to the case group according to age, gender, and socioeconomic status. The case group consisted mainly of young and middle-aged @entity1 . Distribution of symptoms suggestive of @entity402 and of skin tests and specific IgE to common aeroallergens was similar in both groups. In contrast, total serum IgE level was much higher in the case group, suggesting the presence of specific IgE against @entity2900 or other drugs. Thus, despite previous studies in the literature, @entity402 is not a risk factor for the occurrence of anaphylactic reactions to muscle relaxants. As AR to @entity2900 is a pure model of an IgE-dependent @entity56 , our data do not support a relationship between @entity402 and @entity56 .

title: Atopy and anaphylactic reactions to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic drug reactions', 'drug allergy']

entities_list: @entity2900 :: ('MESH:D013390', 'Chemical') :: ['suxamethonium']

answer: @entity2900 :: (MESH:D013390,Chemical) :: ['suxamethonium']


abstract: @entity291 's milk sensitive @entity7017 has been described several times but in spite of that, it is still a problem concerning the pathogenesis. Our study involves the @entity1 hospitalized from 1974 to 1984 in the First Department of Pediatrics, University of Modena. @entity1 were suffering from @entity19603 . At the first biopsy each @entity1 showed @entity194 . All @entity1 had been fed fed with gluten. We have followed the protocol for @entity1593 's diagnosis; we found proved 85% of cases, excluded 15%. These last cases may be considered as @entity291 's milk sensitive @entity7017 . We catamnestically considered all the clinical and laboratory data of the two groups in the purpose of selecting significative parameters for a differential diagnosis. The data meaning fully different between the two groups resulted: family history of @entity566 , recurrent @entity1503 in the stools, eosinophils in blood greater than 400/mm3 serum IgE value greater than 97 degrees P X (p less than 0.01). On the ground of recent studies the involvement of the cell-mediated immunity in @entity291 's milk sensitive @entity7017 is supposed.

title: [Atrophy of the duodeno-jejunal mucosa in XXXX 's milk protein intolerance. Importance of cell-mediated immunologic factors].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['Celiac Disease']

entities_list: @entity7017 :: ('MESH:C538273', 'Disease') :: ['enteropathy']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['infections, positive occult blood']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy of the small intestinal mucosa']

entities_list: @entity19603 :: ('MESH:C563673', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diarrhea and malabsorption']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cow']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Six dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technicians reviewed lateral images of the spine for deformed vertebrae. The images were acquired with a DXA scanner in 235 @entity1 referred for @entity170 assessment. The outcome was compared to findings on spinal radiographs assessed by two radiologists. Three DXA technicians performed acceptable or better in identifying @entity1 with fractured vertebrae. INTRODUCTION: This is the first study to evaluate the accuracy of @entity174 assessment (VFA) when used by DXA technicians as a triage test to select @entity1 with deformed vertebrae for spinal radiographs. METHODS: Lateral single-energy scans and radiographs of the thoracolumbar spine (T4-L4) were acquired in 235 @entity1 aged 65  years or more referred for @entity170 assessment. Six DXA technicians evaluated lateral scans using dedicated software. The DXA technicians were trained to identify deformed vertebrae, but they did not assess the aetiology of deformity. Two radiologists evaluated the radiographs and their consensus evaluation served as the reference test for @entity174 . The main outcome was sensitivity and specificity of the DXA technicians' identification of @entity1 with one or more @entity85 according to Genant's classification. RESULTS: The proportion of @entity1 with one or more @entity174 was 0.35. Sensitivity ranged from 0.61 to 0.83 and specificity ranged from 0.78 to 0.95 across the DXA technicians. In @entity1 with @entity85 on VFA, the mean probability of one or more @entity174 was 0.74 (range 0.66-0.86). Conversely, in @entity1 without such deformities, the mean probability of @entity174 was 0.14 (range 0.10-0.18). Accuracy was lower for grade I-III deformities for all the DXA technicians. CONCLUSION: Three of six DXA technicians achieved acceptable or better accuracy when using VFA to triage @entity1 with @entity85 for spinal radiographs. Heterogeneity between DXA technicians appears to be due to differences in subjective thresholds. VFA triage by DXA technicians to identify @entity1 with @entity174 is feasible.

title: Accuracy of densitometric XXXX assessment when performed by DXA technicians-a cross-sectional, multiobserver study.

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['grade II-III vertebral deformities', 'grade II-III deformities']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['grade II-III vertebral fractures', 'vertebral fracture', 'grade II-III fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['vertebral fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity189 ( @entity189 ) are slow-growing and often asymptomatic @entity1489 that usually develop on the facial skin and may reach considerable size. We present an uncommon case of MAC arising on the hair-bearing scalp and discuss our experiences and considerations. CASE REPORT: A 58-year-old female was admitted with a histopathologically secured diagnosis of MAC of the temporal and occipital regions that had expanded to 10  *  12  cm. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an infiltration of the skin and the subcutaneous adipose tissue. No lymphatic or haematogenic @entity3 were detected. Therapy consisted of resecting the @entity5 and reconstructing the area by applying an anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap. Histopathological evaluation revealed clear, 1-cm margins and a @entity5 . One-year postoperative follow-ups showed no evidence of recurrence, while the outcome was aesthetically pleasing. CONCLUSION: When screening for @entity1489 , careful attention must be paid to the scalp. Resection of MAC with clear margins is mandatory to minimize the risk of recurrence. In this case, applying an ALT perforator flap to a large defect of the hair-bearing scalp led to a very satisfying result; it should be considered in comparable cases.

title: Longtime undetected XXXX of the scalp: considerations and implications.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour-free periosteum', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['malignant skin tumours', 'skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Microcystic adnexal carcinomas', 'MACs']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['microcystic adnexal carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) awards higher deficit scores for @entity1188 in the dominant hemisphere when compared with otherwise similar @entity1188 in the nondominant hemisphere. This has been shown to adversely affect @entity64 recognition, therapeutic decisions, and outcome. However, factors modifying the association between @entity1188 side and deficit severity are incompletely understood. Thus, we sought to determine whether age and age-related @entity10334 alter the relation between NIHSS deficit score and the side and volume of @entity1188 . METHODS: We studied 238 @entity1 with supratentorial, nonlacunar @entity1188 prospectively included in our @entity64 registry between January 2013 and January 2014. NIHSS deficit severity was assessed at the time of presentation. @entity1188 volumes were assessed by manual planimetry on diffusion-weighted imaging. @entity10334 burden was graded on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images according to the Fazekas scale and dichotomized to none-to-mild (0-2) versus severe (3-6). Multivariable linear regression with backward elimination was used to identify independent predictors of the admission NIHSS. RESULTS: Left-hemispheric @entity1188 (P<0.001), severe @entity10334 (P=0.001), their interaction term (P=0.005), @entity1188 volume (P<0.001), and sex (P=0.013) were independently associated with the NIHSS deficit. Analysis of the individual NIHSS components showed that severe @entity10334 was associated with an increase of the lateralizing components of the NIHSS in @entity1 with right-hemispheric @entity1188 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Severe @entity10334 substantially attenuates the classic hemispheric lateralization of the NIHSS deficit by relating to greater NIHSS scores of components that are typically assigned to left hemisphere function.

title: Impact of @entity10334 Burden on Hemispheric Lateralization of the National Institutes of Health XXXX Scale Deficit in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

entities_list: @entity10334 :: ('MESH:D049292', 'Disease') :: ['leukoaraiosis', 'Leukoaraiosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Infarct', 'ischemic infarcts', 'infarcts', 'infarct', 'infarction']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) awards higher deficit scores for @entity1188 in the dominant hemisphere when compared with otherwise similar @entity1188 in the nondominant hemisphere. This has been shown to adversely affect @entity64 recognition, therapeutic decisions, and outcome. However, factors modifying the association between @entity1188 side and deficit severity are incompletely understood. Thus, we sought to determine whether age and age-related @entity10334 alter the relation between NIHSS deficit score and the side and volume of @entity1188 . METHODS: We studied 238 @entity1 with supratentorial, nonlacunar @entity1188 prospectively included in our @entity64 registry between January 2013 and January 2014. NIHSS deficit severity was assessed at the time of presentation. @entity1188 volumes were assessed by manual planimetry on diffusion-weighted imaging. @entity10334 burden was graded on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images according to the Fazekas scale and dichotomized to none-to-mild (0-2) versus severe (3-6). Multivariable linear regression with backward elimination was used to identify independent predictors of the admission NIHSS. RESULTS: Left-hemispheric @entity1188 (P<0.001), severe @entity10334 (P=0.001), their interaction term (P=0.005), @entity1188 volume (P<0.001), and sex (P=0.013) were independently associated with the NIHSS deficit. Analysis of the individual NIHSS components showed that severe @entity10334 was associated with an increase of the lateralizing components of the NIHSS in @entity1 with right-hemispheric @entity1188 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Severe @entity10334 substantially attenuates the classic hemispheric lateralization of the NIHSS deficit by relating to greater NIHSS scores of components that are typically assigned to left hemisphere function.

title: Impact of XXXX Burden on Hemispheric Lateralization of the National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale Deficit in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

answer: @entity10334 :: (MESH:D049292,Disease) :: ['Leukoaraiosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: The use of HPV screening for the triage of ASC-US (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) cytology results has been established as a sound standard by international trials whereas the data for other cytology findings are in part contradictory. There is a lack of long-term studies on the use of HPV triage in Germany. Materials and Methods: For the present study data from a primary HPV screening project involving @entity1 aged over 30 years, ongoing since 2006, and an epidemiological study on @entity1 aged between 20 and 27 years, ongoing since 2009, were used. Upon recruitment, all @entity1 underwent a smear test for cytology and screening for "high-risk" HPV using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2). If both tests were positive or if there were persisting remarkable cytology findings or a positive HPV test, then clarification by colposcopy was performed. Results: Altogether, among 282 @entity1 with @entity71073 -p (ASC-US), @entity41784 (ASC-H) or Pap IIID (LSIL + CIN2) and negative HPV test there was no case of CIN3+. Among the @entity1 under 30 years of age, however, 69% (ASC-US) to 85% (LSIL + CIN2) of the remarkable findings were HPV positive, also among the older @entity1 with Pap IIID, the 71% prevalence of HPV was too high for a triage and even without triage there was a 23% risk for CIN3+. On the other hand, of the @entity1 over 30 years old with ASC-US ( @entity71073 -p) findings, only 21% were positive for HPV and the risk for CIN3+ in this group was high at 29%. Also for ASC-H ( @entity41784 ) findings in the age group of over 30 years with an HPV prevalence of 56% there was an efficient triage for CIN3+. Discussion: In summary, the HPV triage of ASC-US ( @entity71073 -p) findings in @entity1 aged over 30 years was found to be efficient; in contrast, LSIL + CIN2 (Pap IIID) findings in this age group justified an immediate referral to colposcopy whereas cytology control appeared to be sufficient for younger @entity1 .

title: Relevance of HPV Screening for Triaging Equivocal Cytology Findings in the XXXX -p, @entity41784 and Pap IIID Groups - Results of Two Long-Term Studies.

answer: @entity71073 :: (29953,Gene) :: ['Pap II']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: The use of HPV screening for the triage of ASC-US (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) cytology results has been established as a sound standard by international trials whereas the data for other cytology findings are in part contradictory. There is a lack of long-term studies on the use of HPV triage in Germany. Materials and Methods: For the present study data from a primary HPV screening project involving @entity1 aged over 30 years, ongoing since 2006, and an epidemiological study on @entity1 aged between 20 and 27 years, ongoing since 2009, were used. Upon recruitment, all @entity1 underwent a smear test for cytology and screening for "high-risk" HPV using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2). If both tests were positive or if there were persisting remarkable cytology findings or a positive HPV test, then clarification by colposcopy was performed. Results: Altogether, among 282 @entity1 with @entity71073 -p (ASC-US), @entity41784 (ASC-H) or Pap IIID (LSIL + CIN2) and negative HPV test there was no case of CIN3+. Among the @entity1 under 30 years of age, however, 69% (ASC-US) to 85% (LSIL + CIN2) of the remarkable findings were HPV positive, also among the older @entity1 with Pap IIID, the 71% prevalence of HPV was too high for a triage and even without triage there was a 23% risk for CIN3+. On the other hand, of the @entity1 over 30 years old with ASC-US ( @entity71073 -p) findings, only 21% were positive for HPV and the risk for CIN3+ in this group was high at 29%. Also for ASC-H ( @entity41784 ) findings in the age group of over 30 years with an HPV prevalence of 56% there was an efficient triage for CIN3+. Discussion: In summary, the HPV triage of ASC-US ( @entity71073 -p) findings in @entity1 aged over 30 years was found to be efficient; in contrast, LSIL + CIN2 (Pap IIID) findings in this age group justified an immediate referral to colposcopy whereas cytology control appeared to be sufficient for younger @entity1 .

title: Relevance of HPV Screening for Triaging Equivocal Cytology Findings in the @entity71073 -p, XXXX and Pap IIID Groups - Results of Two Long-Term Studies.

answer: @entity41784 :: (306,Gene) :: ['Pap III']


abstract: For two decades Vogelstein's model has been the paradigm for describing the sequence of molecular changes within protein-coding genes that would lead to overt @entity14 ( @entity14 ). This model is now too simplistic in the light of recent studies, which have shown that our genome is pervasively transcribed in RNAs other than mRNAs, denominated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The discovery that mutations in genes encoding these RNAs [i.e., microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs] are causally involved in @entity5 phenotypes has profoundly modified our vision of @entity5 molecular genetics and pathobiology. By exploiting a wide range of different mechanisms, ncRNAs control fundamental cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis: these data have also confirmed their role as oncogenes or @entity5 suppressors in @entity5 development and progression. The existence of a sophisticated RNA-based regulatory system, which dictates the correct functioning of protein-coding networks, has relevant biological and biomedical consequences. Different miRNAs involved in neoplastic and degenerative diseases exhibit potential predictive and prognostic properties. Furthermore, the key roles of ncRNAs make them very attractive targets for innovative therapeutic approaches. Several recent reports have shown that ncRNAs can be secreted by cells into the extracellular environment (i.e., blood and other body fluids): this suggests the existence of extracellular signalling mechanisms, which may be exploited by cells in physiology and pathology. In this review, we will summarize the most relevant issues on the involvement of cellular and extracellular ncRNAs in disease. We will then specifically describe their involvement in @entity14 pathobiology and their translational applications to @entity14 diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.

title: Non-coding landscapes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few @entity130 and most soft tissue @entity130 cannot be detected on plain radiography. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect such occult @entity130 due to signal changes in bone marrow. In addition to excluding serious @entity130 , it can also identify tendon, ligament, cartilage and other soft tissue @entity130 and thus help in localizing the cause of morbidity. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the MRI imaging patterns in recent @entity79 (less than 4 weeks) following negative or inconclusive plain radiographs. To determine the role of MRI in recent fractures. RESULTS: Out of the 75 individuals with history of @entity130 of less than 4 weeks duration, @entity174 line was demonstrated in 16 @entity1 (21%) who had no obvious evidence of @entity79 on plain radiographs. Bone contusion or @entity2981 of the bone was demonstrated in 39 (52%) @entity1 . This was the commonest abnormality detected in MRI. The remaining 20 @entity1 did not show any @entity130 to the bone on MR imaging however, @entity3145 could be demonstrated in 12 (16%) @entity1 which show that the extent of @entity3145 was relatively well demonstrated by MR imaging. The present study showed that occult @entity130 commonly occur at the Knee followed by Ankle, Wrist, Foot, Elbow, Leg, Hands, Hips _ Spine. CONCLUSION: The study showed that MR is efficient in the detection of occult @entity79 which are missed on radiography. Compared to radiographs, MRI clearly depicted the extent of @entity130 and associated soft tissue involvement. MRI demonstrates both acute and chronic @entity130 and also differentiates both, whereas radiography has poor sensitivity for acute @entity130 . Also, the soft tissue @entity130 like tendionous and @entity130 cannot be identified on radiographs.

title: Imaging Patterns in MRI in Recent XXXX Following Negative or Inconclusive Plain Radiographs.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['soft tissue injury']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone injury', 'bone injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ligamentous injuries', 'bony injuries', 'obvious injury', 'injuries', 'recent injury']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['Bone Injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIM: @entity2347 ( @entity2347 ) of lacrimal gland is a rare @entity5 with @entity146 . There is sparse data to address optimum therapy for such @entity5 . So, the present study was aimed at evaluating the role of adjuvant three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in cases of incomplete (R1) resection along with review of literature pertaining to management of lacrimal @entity2347 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the demographic and treatment data of 10 biopsy proven @entity2347 of lacrimal gland @entity1 , treated from December 2006 to June 2013. They were treated with radiotherapy following surgical resection. Eight @entity1 underwent gross total excision of the @entity5 mass (enbloc excision) followed by conformal radiotherapy to a dose of 60 Gray/30fractions/ 6 weeks. Two @entity1 with @entity1442 were treated with palliative radiotherapy after biopsy. RESULTS: The median age was 32 years. There were equal numbers of male and female @entity1 . The median duration of symptoms was 7 months. At a median follow up of 21 months, eight @entity1 had no evidence of disease and had complete @entity5 response, two @entity1 worsened, and one of the two had systemic failure with bone @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Despite a small sample size and short follow, enbloc surgical excision with adjuvant radiotherapy is well tolerated and shows good control in @entity2347 of lacrimal gland.

title: Adjuvant Radiotherapy with Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive behaviour']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma', 'Adenoid cystic carcinoma', 'ACC']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity2347 :: (MESH:D003528,Disease) :: ['Lacrimal Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma']


abstract: @entity460 antagonists were employed to examine whether or not @entity840 's postmortem bronchoconstriction is @entity460 dependent. First, a group of 17 young (3-4-week-old) animals were divided in three subgroups: control, @entity594 , and @entity37239 ( @entity37239 , an intracellular @entity460 antagonist). A second group of 12 mature (5-7-week-old) animals were divided into two subgroups: control and @entity594 . Baseline pressure-volume (P-V) curves were performed prior to cannulation of the pulmonary artery in the anesthetized, opened chested animal. The lungs of the animal were then perfused and P-V curves were obtained again at intervals for up to 60 min. @entity594 (10(-6) M) or TMB-8 (5 X 10(-4) M) was added to the perfusate in experimental groups. A temporal decrease in inflation volume (IV, the lung volume between transpulmonary pressure of 0 and 30 cm @entity2507 during inflation) was used as an indicator of bronchoconstriction. In control subgroups, the decrease in IV was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in the young (29.5 +/- 12.9% baseline at 20 min) than in the mature animals (75.0 +/- 7.0% baseline at 20 min). @entity594 significantly alleviated (P less than 0.05) the decrease in IV in young animals at 15-30 min (58.6 +/- 8.4% baseline at 20 min) while TMB-8 (90.6 +/- 2.1% baseline at 20 min) prevented the decrease even further. @entity594 did not have a significant effect on IV in mature animals. These data suggest that the postmortem @entity5143 is much more severe in young animals and that this severe constriction is @entity460 dependent.

title: XXXX dependency of massive postmortem bronchoconstriction in @entity840 lungs.

entities_list: @entity37239 :: ('MESH:C006014', 'Chemical') :: ['TMB-8', '8-(N,N-diethylamino)-octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine', 'Nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity5143 :: ('MESH:D001986', 'Disease') :: ['bronchospasm']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: @entity460 antagonists were employed to examine whether or not @entity840 's postmortem bronchoconstriction is @entity460 dependent. First, a group of 17 young (3-4-week-old) animals were divided in three subgroups: control, @entity594 , and @entity37239 ( @entity37239 , an intracellular @entity460 antagonist). A second group of 12 mature (5-7-week-old) animals were divided into two subgroups: control and @entity594 . Baseline pressure-volume (P-V) curves were performed prior to cannulation of the pulmonary artery in the anesthetized, opened chested animal. The lungs of the animal were then perfused and P-V curves were obtained again at intervals for up to 60 min. @entity594 (10(-6) M) or TMB-8 (5 X 10(-4) M) was added to the perfusate in experimental groups. A temporal decrease in inflation volume (IV, the lung volume between transpulmonary pressure of 0 and 30 cm @entity2507 during inflation) was used as an indicator of bronchoconstriction. In control subgroups, the decrease in IV was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in the young (29.5 +/- 12.9% baseline at 20 min) than in the mature animals (75.0 +/- 7.0% baseline at 20 min). @entity594 significantly alleviated (P less than 0.05) the decrease in IV in young animals at 15-30 min (58.6 +/- 8.4% baseline at 20 min) while TMB-8 (90.6 +/- 2.1% baseline at 20 min) prevented the decrease even further. @entity594 did not have a significant effect on IV in mature animals. These data suggest that the postmortem @entity5143 is much more severe in young animals and that this severe constriction is @entity460 dependent.

title: @entity460 dependency of massive postmortem bronchoconstriction in XXXX lungs.

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pig']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. We investigated the validity of the two @entity7804 items of the @entity392 ( @entity392 ) from the @entity392 ( @entity392 ) database by comparing them with the German @entity7804 questionnaire G  F. Methods. We investigated the association of the G  F with the @entity392 screening questions for both the sum score and the single items with correlation, contrast, principal component, and discriminant analysis in a sample of 161 @entity1 with chronic @entity392 . Results. @entity392 items and the G  F total score were significantly associated with a special focus on fear and @entity158 related @entity7804 . Factor analysis of the G  F revealed the three factors "fear and @entity158 related @entity7804 ," "hearing related problems," and "problems in quality of life." A discriminant analysis showed a sensitivity of 64% and a specificity of 71% of the @entity392 items for the establishment of @entity392 @entity1 subgroups with and without @entity7804 . Discussion. Both @entity7804 @entity392 items can serve as screening questions with respect to self-reported @entity7804 in chronic @entity392 with a specific focus on fear and @entity158 related @entity7804 . However, the multiple dimensions of @entity7804 should be considered for diagnosis and treatment in both scientific and clinical contexts.

title: Validation of Screening Questions for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7804 :: ('MESH:D012001', 'Disease') :: ['hyperacusis']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus', 'Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire', 'TRI', 'TSCHQ', 'Tinnitus Research Initiative']

answer: @entity7804 :: (MESH:D012001,Disease) :: ['Hyperacusis in Chronic Tinnitus']


abstract: In order to avoid first-pass metabolism and to maintain therapeutically effective concentration of @entity1169 (PL) for a prolonged time, ointments of PL were prepared and the percutaneous (p.c.) absorption was investigated in @entity95 . To describe the plasma PL concentration profile during repeated p.c. administrations, a simple pharmacokinetic model, including a first-order absorption process, was applied. The p.c. absorption of PL from both @entity968 (400:4000, 30:40, g/g) and @entity16313 934 ointments was significantly increased by adding @entity14787 (AZ). Effective plasma levels were sustained for about 10-20 h, but the absorption of PL from the macrogol ointment was relatively slow. The bioavailability of PL in the 5% PL @entity16313 ointment with AZ was 13%. The plasma level of PL after application of @entity16313 ointment was enhanced as PL was increased in the ointment, 3 to 5%. The repeated p.c. absorption studies were carried out by applying the 5% PL ointment daily for 3 d. The use of the pharmacokinetic model was justified by good agreement with the observed data after repeated applications of the ointment. Thus, the plasma PL concentration profile during repeated p.c. administrations can be predicted using the model.

title: The percutaneous absorption of XXXX and prediction of the plasma concentration.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['macrogol']

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: This article describes one community hospital's response to the overwhelming needs of adolescents in central Iowa. It is based on the premise that many youths who have severe @entity308 do not effectively respond to various outpatient counseling measures, and are in need of some type of inpatient treatment. Most such programs are locked psychiatric units run by @entity1 or adolescent psychiatrists. In our case, those wards already in existence are filled to capacity and cannot respond to outside needs. Placing these youth on traditional medical adolescent wards does not work, since medical staff are usually not geared to deal with the many, ever-changing mental health needs of these @entity1 . Thus, we developed an unlocked adolescent inpatient unit with a pediatrician experienced in adolescent medicine as medical director; moreover, the program extensively utilizes psychologists, nurse-counselors, social worker-family therapists, recreation therapists, and other specialists. This program is a way for physicians trained in adolescent medicine and other appropriate @entity1 to contribute to the complex health needs of youth; it is preferable to do this rather than send all @entity308 teenagers away by referrals, as seems to happen in some cases. It is also an important way for physicians and other specialists to demonstrate their expertise--both the Society for Adolescent Medicine and American Academy of Pediatrics have advocated such a demonstration--and to give physicians important training in the medical and mental health care needs of youth. Finally, the Spectrum Unit program provides a meaningful way for the primary care physician to be involved in the inpatient treatment of @entity308 adolescent @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The behavioral medicine unit: a community hospital model for inpatient treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'child', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['adolescent depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the different treatment options of @entity159 ( @entity159 ) in adults is scarce. Large randomized trials cover only one treatment at early stage and suggest the superiority of @entity1245 over placebo, of intravenous @entity2934 over intravenous @entity3175 or over intravenous @entity3174 alone, and of intramuscular @entity1363 over intravenous @entity2934 . However, many @entity1 will not be treated successfully with the first treatment step. A large randomized trial covering the treatment of established status (ESETT) has just been funded recently by the NIH and will not start before 2015, with expected results in 2018; a trial on the treatment of refractory status with general anesthetics was terminated early due to insufficient recruitment. Therefore, a prospective multicenter observational registry was set up; this may help in clinical decision-making until results from randomized trials are available. METHODS/DESIGN: SENSE is a prospective, multicenter registry for @entity1 treated for @entity159 . The primary objective is to document @entity1 characteristics, treatment modalities and in-house outcome of consecutive adults admitted for @entity159 treatment in each of the participating centres and to identify predictors of outcome. Pre-treatment, treatment-related and outcome variables are documented systematically. To allow for meaningful multivariate analysis in the @entity1 subgroups with refractory @entity159 , a cohort size of 1000 @entity1 is targeted. DISCUSSION: The results of the study will provide information about risks and benefits of specific treatment steps in different @entity1 groups with @entity159 at different points of time. Thus, it will support clinical decision-making and, furthermore, it will be helpful in the planning of treatment trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION: DRKS00000725.

title: Making SENSE - Sustained Effort Network for treatment of XXXX as a multicenter prospective registry.

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity2934 :: ('MESH:D008140', 'Chemical') :: ['lorazepam']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus', 'SE']

answer: @entity159 :: (MESH:D013226,Disease) :: ['Status Epilepticus']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Inflammatory signaling under pathological conditions like @entity281 and @entity32 has been extensively studied. Whether inflammatory signaling plays a role in physiology and development remains elusive. The review summarizes recent advances in inflammatory signaling with particular focus on how distinct inflammatory signaling regulates hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) development. Understanding the underlying mechanism of inflammatory signaling on HSC development may help to generate and/or expand a large number of functional HSCs for clinical application. RECENT FINDINGS: Like the hematopoietic progenitors, HSCs can be the first responders to @entity281 . An unexpected observation is that genes involved in innate immunity and inflammatory signaling are enriched in emerging HSCs and their niche during embryogenesis. Thus, inflammatory signaling may also play a role in HSC development in the absence of @entity281 and @entity32 . SUMMARY: Inflammatory signaling is not only an important regulator of HSCs in response to @entity281 , but also plays a previously unrecognized role in HSC development in the absence of @entity281 and @entity32 . The baseline inflammatory signaling can be activated to promote HSC development in cell autonomous and noncell autonomous manners. However, direct response of HSCs to inflammatory stimuli is not always advantageous and excessive chronic signaling can have negative effects on HSC regulation and function.

title: Unexpected role of inflammatory signaling in hematopoietic stem cell development: its role beyond XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: During a 7-year period (1980-1987), 161 @entity1 underwent emergency thoracotomy for penetrating @entity651 . Of these, 25 (15%) had @entity130 involving central pulmonary (hilar) vascular structures. Anterolateral thoracotomies were performed in 14 @entity1 because of unstable vital signs (ten) or @entity1167 (four), and only two (14%) of these @entity1 survived. In seven of these @entity1 the incision was extended into a bilateral thoracotomy to provide better exposure for continued severe @entity548 , and all seven died. Of 11 relatively stable @entity1 having a posterolateral incision (ten) or a median sternotomy (one), only two (18%) died. Of 18 @entity1 in whom the initial procedure was hilar clamping, ten (63%) survived. In seven @entity1 an attempt was made to control the @entity548 before hilar clamping and only one (14%) survived. In six @entity1 , resection of a lobe (five) or a segment (one) was used to achieve hemostasis with five (83%) survivors. Eight of the 14 @entity204 were clearly due to @entity190 , which was treated with an average of 19.5 units of blood. However, in six of the earlier @entity204 with much less @entity190 , air emboli may have been a factor, but was unproven. Early vascular control at the hilum for central @entity651 seems to be needed not only to stop the @entity548 but also to prevent systemic air emboli.

title: Central XXXX : a need for early vascular control.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injuries']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity651 :: (MESH:D055370,Disease) :: ['lung injuries']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the corneal horizontal diameter [white-to-white (WTW) distance] as a factor influencing surgically induced @entity940 (SIA) and postoperative @entity940 . METHODS: A total of 330 eyes with corneal @entity940  <=1.5 D underwent @entity231 surgery with phacoemulsification. A 3-step, superotemporal for the right eye and superonasal for the left eye, clear corneal incision of 3.0 mm was made. Four groups were created according to WTW distance: group A  <=11.6 mm, group B 11.7 to 11.9 mm, group C 12.0 to 12.2 mm, and group D >= 12.3 mm. SIA was calculated by vector analysis using the Alpins method. We noted all cases, in which a change greater than 0.5 diopters (D) in @entity940 took place and a change greater than 20 degrees in @entity2270 torque, despite @entity2270 direction, on the first and sixth postoperative months. RESULTS: SIA was found in group A 0.98 D    0.6 (SD), B 0.79 D    0.43 (SD), C 0.68 D    0.45 (SD), and D 0.53 D    0.32 (SD) at the first @entity86 . At the sixth @entity86 , SIA was 0.77 D    0.43 (SD), 0.69 D    0.34 (SD), 0.62    0.36 (SD), and 0.49 D    0.27 (SD), respectively. A change greater than 0.5 D in corneal astigmatic power at the first and sixth months postoperatively was significantly lower in eyes with WTW distance 12.0 to 12.2 mm and >= 12.3 mm in comparison with eyes with WTW distance  <=11.6 mm and 11.7 to 11.9 mm (P < 0.05). Changes greater than 20 degrees in @entity940 at the first and sixth postoperative months were not significantly different according to the horizontal corneal diameter. CONCLUSIONS: WTW distance should always be measured preoperatively when planning @entity231 surgery and should be accounted for in cases of large and small corneas.

title: Corneal Diameter as a Factor Influencing Corneal Astigmatism After XXXX Surgery.

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism', 'astigmatic axis']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative month']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['Cataract']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence, clinical and microbiological characteristics, risk factors, and therapeutic outcome of @entity1036 in @entity1 with @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) related to @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ) and corneal chemical burn. METHODS: Medical records of 90 eyes of 59 @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity1358 resulting from @entity6715 (52 eyes of 29 @entity1 ) or corneal chemical burn (38 eyes of 30 @entity1 ) were reviewed. RESULTS: @entity1036 developed in 35% of @entity1358 @entity1 with @entity6715 (18 eyes, 14 @entity1 ) and in 18% of those with chemical burn (7 eyes, 7 @entity1 ). The development of @entity1036 in @entity6715 was significantly associated with the severity of chronic ocular surface complications in the @entity267 , conjunctiva, and eyelids and with the use of topical @entity288 during the disease course. All cases of @entity1036 following chemical burn occurred in @entity1 with grade III or IV burn by Roper-Hall classification. Approximately 83% of culture-proven cases of @entity1036 were @entity2348 , most of which (80%) were caused by Gram-positive bacteria. For resolution of @entity5517 (68%) received surgery in addition to medical treatment, whereas 8 eyes (32%) received medical treatment alone. After infection resolution, the final visual acuity was decreased in 10 eyes (40%) compared with before infection. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1036 is a common complication of @entity1358 associated with @entity6715 or severe @entity22939 . Despite medical and surgical treatments, the visual outcome is poor.

title: @entity1036 in XXXX : @entity6715 .

entities_list: @entity5517 :: ('MESH:D015817', 'Disease') :: ['infection, 17 eyes']

entities_list: @entity6715 :: ('MESH:D013262', 'Disease') :: ['SJS', 'Stevens-Johnson syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious keratitis', 'infectious keratitis']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['LSCD', 'limbal stem cell deficiency']

entities_list: @entity22939 :: ('MESH:D002057', 'Disease') :: ['chemical burn to the cornea']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence, clinical and microbiological characteristics, risk factors, and therapeutic outcome of @entity1036 in @entity1 with @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) related to @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ) and corneal chemical burn. METHODS: Medical records of 90 eyes of 59 @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity1358 resulting from @entity6715 (52 eyes of 29 @entity1 ) or corneal chemical burn (38 eyes of 30 @entity1 ) were reviewed. RESULTS: @entity1036 developed in 35% of @entity1358 @entity1 with @entity6715 (18 eyes, 14 @entity1 ) and in 18% of those with chemical burn (7 eyes, 7 @entity1 ). The development of @entity1036 in @entity6715 was significantly associated with the severity of chronic ocular surface complications in the @entity267 , conjunctiva, and eyelids and with the use of topical @entity288 during the disease course. All cases of @entity1036 following chemical burn occurred in @entity1 with grade III or IV burn by Roper-Hall classification. Approximately 83% of culture-proven cases of @entity1036 were @entity2348 , most of which (80%) were caused by Gram-positive bacteria. For resolution of @entity5517 (68%) received surgery in addition to medical treatment, whereas 8 eyes (32%) received medical treatment alone. After infection resolution, the final visual acuity was decreased in 10 eyes (40%) compared with before infection. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1036 is a common complication of @entity1358 associated with @entity6715 or severe @entity22939 . Despite medical and surgical treatments, the visual outcome is poor.

title: @entity1036 in @entity1358 : XXXX .

answer: @entity6715 :: (MESH:D013262,Disease) :: ['Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Versus Chemical Burn']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence, clinical and microbiological characteristics, risk factors, and therapeutic outcome of @entity1036 in @entity1 with @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) related to @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ) and corneal chemical burn. METHODS: Medical records of 90 eyes of 59 @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity1358 resulting from @entity6715 (52 eyes of 29 @entity1 ) or corneal chemical burn (38 eyes of 30 @entity1 ) were reviewed. RESULTS: @entity1036 developed in 35% of @entity1358 @entity1 with @entity6715 (18 eyes, 14 @entity1 ) and in 18% of those with chemical burn (7 eyes, 7 @entity1 ). The development of @entity1036 in @entity6715 was significantly associated with the severity of chronic ocular surface complications in the @entity267 , conjunctiva, and eyelids and with the use of topical @entity288 during the disease course. All cases of @entity1036 following chemical burn occurred in @entity1 with grade III or IV burn by Roper-Hall classification. Approximately 83% of culture-proven cases of @entity1036 were @entity2348 , most of which (80%) were caused by Gram-positive bacteria. For resolution of @entity5517 (68%) received surgery in addition to medical treatment, whereas 8 eyes (32%) received medical treatment alone. After infection resolution, the final visual acuity was decreased in 10 eyes (40%) compared with before infection. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1036 is a common complication of @entity1358 associated with @entity6715 or severe @entity22939 . Despite medical and surgical treatments, the visual outcome is poor.

title: XXXX in @entity1358 : @entity6715 .

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['Infectious Keratitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To validate ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass grafting treatment for @entity1 with descending @entity1498 and an @entity886 . METHODS: The three @entity1 in whom a descending atypical @entity1498 was associated with an @entity886 were treated with one stage surgical treatment with aortic bypass grafting through the diaphragm and aortic valve replacement in our heart center. Operative technique consisted of performing ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass grafting through diaphragm muscle and implementing aortic valve replacement. The mean time for extracorporeal circulation and occluding clamp of aorta was recorded. Blood pressure data for pre- and post-operation was measured in the limbs. Computer-enhanced transvenous angiograms of pre- and post-operation were applied for detection of @entity472 . The other adverse events were noticed in outpatient service during a follow-up period. RESULTS: The mean extracorporeal circulation time was 54        11 min. The mean time for occluding clamp of aorta was 34        6 min. An arterial pressure gradient was totally corrected after surgical treatment. Post-operation computer-enhanced transvenous angiograms showed the grafts to be open with a fluent flow. The @entity1 had no gastrointestinal tract complications. No adverse event was noticed during a follow-up period in outpatient service. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass is advisable for @entity1 with descending @entity1498 and an @entity886 .

title: One stage surgical treatment of @entity886 and XXXX with aortic bypass grafting through the diaphragm and aortic valve replacement.

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['aortic coarctation']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve disease']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity1498 :: (MESH:D001017,Disease) :: ['aortic coarctation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To validate ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass grafting treatment for @entity1 with descending @entity1498 and an @entity886 . METHODS: The three @entity1 in whom a descending atypical @entity1498 was associated with an @entity886 were treated with one stage surgical treatment with aortic bypass grafting through the diaphragm and aortic valve replacement in our heart center. Operative technique consisted of performing ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass grafting through diaphragm muscle and implementing aortic valve replacement. The mean time for extracorporeal circulation and occluding clamp of aorta was recorded. Blood pressure data for pre- and post-operation was measured in the limbs. Computer-enhanced transvenous angiograms of pre- and post-operation were applied for detection of @entity472 . The other adverse events were noticed in outpatient service during a follow-up period. RESULTS: The mean extracorporeal circulation time was 54        11 min. The mean time for occluding clamp of aorta was 34        6 min. An arterial pressure gradient was totally corrected after surgical treatment. Post-operation computer-enhanced transvenous angiograms showed the grafts to be open with a fluent flow. The @entity1 had no gastrointestinal tract complications. No adverse event was noticed during a follow-up period in outpatient service. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass is advisable for @entity1 with descending @entity1498 and an @entity886 .

title: One stage surgical treatment of XXXX and @entity1498 with aortic bypass grafting through the diaphragm and aortic valve replacement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity886 :: (MESH:C563178,Disease) :: ['aortic valve disease']


abstract: A 2.5 cm segment of the rectum of female F344 @entity35 was irradiated with up to 10 fractions of X-rays or pions. Transient signs of @entity697 were followed by chronic @entity130 starting at about 2 months. @entity12478 were frequently observed in animals with severe @entity8638 . Two patterns of @entity8638 were observed, an early type consisting of deep @entity1066 and @entity292 , and a late type characterized by @entity1317 , @entity82 and @entity33 . In a 4-fraction X-ray experiment, the influence of a low-residue diet was compared with a regular diet, showing no significant differences in pathology or survival. Isoeffective doses were determined for the occurrence of severe @entity130 at 250 days. Fitting the data to an LQ-model yielded an alpha/beta ratio of 13 Gy for pions, and 6.5 Gy for X-rays. Increasing the overall treatment time from 9 days to one month gave a significant rise in isoeffective doses for @entity8638 . This suggests that the more delayed types of injury did not develop independently from the acute mucosal changes. The RBE of pions for @entity130 at 250 days was 1.2 for single doses, increasing to about 1.4-1.5 at a dose per fraction of 4 Gy. These values are similar to those obtained in other acute and late responding tissues.

title: Radiation tolerance of the XXXX rectum to fractionated X-rays and pi-mesons.

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute proctitis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity12478 :: ('MESH:D014624', 'Disease') :: ['Recto-vaginal fistulas']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal cysts']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['chronic injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['rectal injury']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: 19S IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) are polyclonal autoantibodies that may play an important pathogenic role in sustaining inflammatory @entity603 in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). RF in @entity309 have reactivity for as-yet-uncharacterized antigenic determinants in IgG Fc. We hypothesized that qualitative differences might exist between some of these RF molecules, and that differences such as reactivity and affinity might characterize more pathogenic RF molecules. Previous observations in our laboratory indicate that RF produced by rheumatoid synovial cells (RSC) have greater reactivity with human IgG and @entity3172 subclass, in contrast to serum RF, which has greater reactivity with rabbit IgG and human IgG1. These observations were made using a complement-dependent RF plaque-forming cell assay. The purpose of this study was to validate and extend those observations. Therefore, we examined the reactivity of RSC and serum RF with @entity1 and rabbit IgG and the reactivity and avidity of RSC-RF for IgG1 and @entity3172 molecules and @entity1334 , F(ab')2, and pFc' fragments thereof in a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. In particular, we found: RSC-RF had at least twice as much reactivity with human IgG as with rabbit IgG; serum RF had approximately equal reactivity with @entity1 and rabbit IgG; RSC-RF had greater reactivity and avidity for @entity3172 and @entity3172 pFc' than for IgG1; and RSC-RF was nonreactive with @entity1334 or F(ab')2 from either IgG1 or @entity3172 . These results suggest that the major antigenic determinant for RSC-RF resides in the CH3 domain of the @entity3172 molecule. Precise characterization of this epitope may provide further insight into the etiology and pathogenesis of @entity309 .

title: Differential reactivity of rheumatoid synovial cells and serum rheumatoid factors to @entity1 immunoglobulin G subclasses 1 and 3 and their CH3 domains in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: 19S IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) are polyclonal autoantibodies that may play an important pathogenic role in sustaining inflammatory @entity603 in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). RF in @entity309 have reactivity for as-yet-uncharacterized antigenic determinants in IgG Fc. We hypothesized that qualitative differences might exist between some of these RF molecules, and that differences such as reactivity and affinity might characterize more pathogenic RF molecules. Previous observations in our laboratory indicate that RF produced by rheumatoid synovial cells (RSC) have greater reactivity with human IgG and @entity3172 subclass, in contrast to serum RF, which has greater reactivity with rabbit IgG and human IgG1. These observations were made using a complement-dependent RF plaque-forming cell assay. The purpose of this study was to validate and extend those observations. Therefore, we examined the reactivity of RSC and serum RF with @entity1 and rabbit IgG and the reactivity and avidity of RSC-RF for IgG1 and @entity3172 molecules and @entity1334 , F(ab')2, and pFc' fragments thereof in a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. In particular, we found: RSC-RF had at least twice as much reactivity with human IgG as with rabbit IgG; serum RF had approximately equal reactivity with @entity1 and rabbit IgG; RSC-RF had greater reactivity and avidity for @entity3172 and @entity3172 pFc' than for IgG1; and RSC-RF was nonreactive with @entity1334 or F(ab')2 from either IgG1 or @entity3172 . These results suggest that the major antigenic determinant for RSC-RF resides in the CH3 domain of the @entity3172 molecule. Precise characterization of this epitope may provide further insight into the etiology and pathogenesis of @entity309 .

title: Differential reactivity of rheumatoid synovial cells and serum rheumatoid factors to XXXX immunoglobulin G subclasses 1 and 3 and their CH3 domains in @entity309 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Total @entity577 excretion ( @entity578 in breath + flatus) was measured in two experiments with thirty-six castrated male @entity1707 (Danish Landrace) during the growth period from 20 to 120 kg live weight (LW). In Expt A, twenty-eight @entity1707 were fed on a commercial diet alternately at high (HFL; metabolizable energy (ME) 1234 (SE 41) kJ/kg LW 0.75) or low (LFL; ME 784 (SE 31) kJ/kg LW 0.75) feed levels in different weight classes. In Expt B, eight @entity1707 were constantly fed on a semi-purified diet at HFL without (-oil) or with 90 g soya-bean oil/kg diet (+oil) corresponding to daily intakes of ME of 1339 (SE 11) and 1413 (SE 8) kJ/kg LW 0.75 respectively. @entity578 excretion was measured during 24 h respiration trials in open-air-circulation chambers. About 1 litre @entity578 was excreted per day at 20-25 kg LW increasing to a maximum of 12 litres at 120 kg LW, which corresponded to no more than 1.2% of dietary gross energy. In Expt A, @entity578 excretion increased linearly with LW, while in Expt B the increase was linear until about 70 kg LW, when it reached a plateau. On average LFL reduced @entity578 excretion by 23% compared with HFL. When related to @entity62 ( @entity62 ) intake, however, the @entity1707 on LFL excreted 3.1 litres @entity578 /kg dietary @entity62 and those on HFL 2.5 litres @entity578 /kg dietary @entity62 , the difference being significant (P less than 0.05). In Expt B the inclusion of soya-bean oil in the basal diet (+oil) reduced @entity578 excretion by 26% compared with the diet without oil (-oil).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX excretion in the growing @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'dry matter']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

answer: @entity577 :: (MESH:D008697,Chemical) :: ['Methane']


abstract: Total @entity577 excretion ( @entity578 in breath + flatus) was measured in two experiments with thirty-six castrated male @entity1707 (Danish Landrace) during the growth period from 20 to 120 kg live weight (LW). In Expt A, twenty-eight @entity1707 were fed on a commercial diet alternately at high (HFL; metabolizable energy (ME) 1234 (SE 41) kJ/kg LW 0.75) or low (LFL; ME 784 (SE 31) kJ/kg LW 0.75) feed levels in different weight classes. In Expt B, eight @entity1707 were constantly fed on a semi-purified diet at HFL without (-oil) or with 90 g soya-bean oil/kg diet (+oil) corresponding to daily intakes of ME of 1339 (SE 11) and 1413 (SE 8) kJ/kg LW 0.75 respectively. @entity578 excretion was measured during 24 h respiration trials in open-air-circulation chambers. About 1 litre @entity578 was excreted per day at 20-25 kg LW increasing to a maximum of 12 litres at 120 kg LW, which corresponded to no more than 1.2% of dietary gross energy. In Expt A, @entity578 excretion increased linearly with LW, while in Expt B the increase was linear until about 70 kg LW, when it reached a plateau. On average LFL reduced @entity578 excretion by 23% compared with HFL. When related to @entity62 ( @entity62 ) intake, however, the @entity1707 on LFL excreted 3.1 litres @entity578 /kg dietary @entity62 and those on HFL 2.5 litres @entity578 /kg dietary @entity62 , the difference being significant (P less than 0.05). In Expt B the inclusion of soya-bean oil in the basal diet (+oil) reduced @entity578 excretion by 26% compared with the diet without oil (-oil).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity577 excretion in the growing XXXX .

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: This is a report of a case with extracerebral @entity2477 in the middle fossa which had received radiation therapy. Follow-up study with serial computed tomography during and after irradiation were presented. A 62-year-old housewife complained of vertigo. CT scan revealed a slightly high density area in the left middle cranial fossa which was markedly enhanced with contrast media. Left carotid angiography demonstrated a large avascular mass in the left middle fossa and no feeding artery or draining vein was visualized except a faint irregular stain in the venous phase. Irradiation with a total dose of 50 Gy was delivered. At the end of radiation, CT scan revealed a slight decrease in size and CT number of the @entity5 . Follow-up CT scans 5 months later showed 50% regression of the @entity5 and 19 months later were negative for @entity5 . It is concluded that in case of an extracerebral @entity2477 with @entity548 , radiation of up to 30-50 Gy was a method of choice. The treatment results in the possibility of eliminating surgery and the benefit of irradiation may not become evident until the first year.

title: [Delayed effect of radiation therapy on extracerebral XXXX in the middle fossa].

entities_list: @entity2477 :: ('MESH:D006392', 'Disease') :: ['cavernous angioma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['massive hemorrhage']

answer: @entity2477 :: (MESH:D006392,Disease) :: ['cavernous angioma']


abstract: The in vivo imaging of xenografted @entity1 @entity43 in @entity19 with a specific and control radiolabelled monoclonal antibody (MoAb) is described. The specific MoAb was previously raised by immunizing @entity19 with immune complexes derived from late human pregnancy serum. In the first group of @entity19 the specific MoAb 131I-5E3 F(ab')2 was injected, while a second group received equivalent amounts of a control MoAb 131I-UJ13A F(ab')2. The @entity19 were imaged at various times up to a maximum of 2 weeks using a gamma camera, and the @entity5 to @entity5 (T/NT) ratio was recorded for each group. The T/NT ratio rose to 2.02 in the specific group, while the corresponding ratio in the control group was 0.70. In addition, the count rate in the @entity5 and @entity5 regions was determined on each imaging occasion. Biological half-lives of the divalent fragments of 5E3 and UJ13A in the @entity5 were 7.53 days and 0.62 days, respectively. Following sacrifice, the @entity5 were excised and counted relative to the rest of the animal, and the T/NT ratio was calculated. In vitro results were in direct agreement with those recorded in vivo using the gamma camera. From the results it would appear that the divalent fragment of 5E3, which has been raised to immune complexes derived from late human pregnancy serum, is specific for @entity1 @entity43 xenografts in the nude @entity19 model.

title: Immunoscintigraphy of @entity1 XXXX xenografts using a radiolabelled monoclonal antibody to human pregnancy serum-derived immune complexes.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumour', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['non-tumour', 'tumours', 'tumour']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: The in vivo imaging of xenografted @entity1 @entity43 in @entity19 with a specific and control radiolabelled monoclonal antibody (MoAb) is described. The specific MoAb was previously raised by immunizing @entity19 with immune complexes derived from late human pregnancy serum. In the first group of @entity19 the specific MoAb 131I-5E3 F(ab')2 was injected, while a second group received equivalent amounts of a control MoAb 131I-UJ13A F(ab')2. The @entity19 were imaged at various times up to a maximum of 2 weeks using a gamma camera, and the @entity5 to @entity5 (T/NT) ratio was recorded for each group. The T/NT ratio rose to 2.02 in the specific group, while the corresponding ratio in the control group was 0.70. In addition, the count rate in the @entity5 and @entity5 regions was determined on each imaging occasion. Biological half-lives of the divalent fragments of 5E3 and UJ13A in the @entity5 were 7.53 days and 0.62 days, respectively. Following sacrifice, the @entity5 were excised and counted relative to the rest of the animal, and the T/NT ratio was calculated. In vitro results were in direct agreement with those recorded in vivo using the gamma camera. From the results it would appear that the divalent fragment of 5E3, which has been raised to immune complexes derived from late human pregnancy serum, is specific for @entity1 @entity43 xenografts in the nude @entity19 model.

title: Immunoscintigraphy of XXXX @entity43 xenografts using a radiolabelled monoclonal antibody to human pregnancy serum-derived immune complexes.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity4159 at 100 and 300 mg/kg i.p. dose levels increased @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) utilization in the @entity35 cerebral cortex and hippocampus. @entity1617 utilization was assessed by measuring, with a gas chromatographic method, the decrease in @entity1617 level after inhibiting its synthesis by 15 micrograms intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) injection of @entity11348 (HC-3). @entity1617 steady state levels were not affected. @entity2475 (300 mg/kg i.p.) also increased @entity1617 utilization in the hippocampus. Repeated daily administration of @entity4159 100 mg/kg i.p. caused a 31% increase in high-affinity @entity1877 uptake (HACU) in the hippocampus. A single administration of 300 mg/kg i.p. of @entity4159 and @entity2475 also increased HACU rate in the hippocampus. However, the effect of @entity2475 was over within 3 h, while 3 h after its administration @entity4159 still caused a 40% increase in HACU rate. @entity4159 (100 mg/kg i.p.) significantly antagonized the impairment in the acquisition of an active-avoidance conditioned response (pole climbing) associated with the inhibition of @entity1617 synthesis by HC-3. These results indicate that @entity4159 enhances the activity of the septohippocampal cholinergic pathways, and to a lesser extent, of the cortical cholinergic network.

title: Effect of XXXX and @entity2475 on central cholinergic mechanisms and active-avoidance acquisition.

entities_list: @entity2475 :: ('MESH:D010889', 'Chemical') :: ['Piracetam', 'piracetam']

entities_list: @entity11348 :: ('MESH:D006426', 'Chemical') :: ['hemicholinium']

entities_list: @entity4159 :: ('MESH:C040619', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxiracetam', 'oxiracetam']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity4159 :: (MESH:C040619,Chemical) :: ['oxiracetam']


abstract: @entity4159 at 100 and 300 mg/kg i.p. dose levels increased @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) utilization in the @entity35 cerebral cortex and hippocampus. @entity1617 utilization was assessed by measuring, with a gas chromatographic method, the decrease in @entity1617 level after inhibiting its synthesis by 15 micrograms intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) injection of @entity11348 (HC-3). @entity1617 steady state levels were not affected. @entity2475 (300 mg/kg i.p.) also increased @entity1617 utilization in the hippocampus. Repeated daily administration of @entity4159 100 mg/kg i.p. caused a 31% increase in high-affinity @entity1877 uptake (HACU) in the hippocampus. A single administration of 300 mg/kg i.p. of @entity4159 and @entity2475 also increased HACU rate in the hippocampus. However, the effect of @entity2475 was over within 3 h, while 3 h after its administration @entity4159 still caused a 40% increase in HACU rate. @entity4159 (100 mg/kg i.p.) significantly antagonized the impairment in the acquisition of an active-avoidance conditioned response (pole climbing) associated with the inhibition of @entity1617 synthesis by HC-3. These results indicate that @entity4159 enhances the activity of the septohippocampal cholinergic pathways, and to a lesser extent, of the cortical cholinergic network.

title: Effect of @entity4159 and XXXX on central cholinergic mechanisms and active-avoidance acquisition.

answer: @entity2475 :: (MESH:D010889,Chemical) :: ['piracetam']


abstract: A healthy intelligent 13.5-year-old @entity1 is reported who presented with paroxysmal kinesigenic @entity8684 . He had had unilateral tonic spasms for 2 months. In a stressful situation, especially after a period of immobility, a @entity717 provoked a @entity3520 -choreoathetoic posturing of the left arm and leg. Attacks were brought on, for instance, by standing up quickly from a sitting position. They lasted only 5-10 s, without @entity909 and occurred up to ten times daily. Between the attacks there were no abnormalities. Family history was non-contributory. Neurological examination and laboratory findings, including repeated EEGs, were all negative. The @entity1 responded very well to @entity3174 treatment and has now been completely free of @entity3520 attacks for a period of 9 months. The importance of early recognition of this syndrome and the differential diagnosis with @entity5516 and other forms of @entity22813 is discussed.

title: Paroxysmal kinesigenic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity22813 :: ('MESH:C537181', 'Disease') :: ['dystonic choreoathetosis']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity5516 :: ('MESH:D020195', 'Disease') :: ['reflex epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity8684 :: ('MESH:D001264', 'Disease') :: ['choreoathetosis']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['sudden voluntary movement']

answer: @entity8684 :: (MESH:D001264,Disease) :: ['choreoathetosis']


abstract: Thirty-five cases of @entity7181 were evaluated retrospectively and compared with 153 cases reported in the literature. As in other series, @entity794 was the major pathogen. @entity1 with acute abscesses had @entity221 , @entity491 , and purulence at surgery. @entity1 with chronic abscesses had less @entity221 and @entity491 , more granulation tissue at surgery, and a greater delay in diagnosis but retained the potential for rapid @entity16 . In contrast to other studies, abscesses in both the lumbar and anterior spinal compartments and @entity1 with specific sources of @entity281 occurred with greater frequency. Myelography was the diagnostic method of choice. Only four of nine @entity1 had diagnostic computed tomography. Earlier diagnosis and treatment led to a significant improvement in outcome. Both @entity134 administration and greater neurologic impairment adversely affected outcome. @entity16 following surgery was dependent on the duration of the deficit. A combination of antibiotics and surgical drainage remains the treatment of choice.

title: Update on XXXX : 35 cases and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurologic improvement', 'neurologic deterioration']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity7181 :: ('MESH:D020802', 'Disease') :: ['spinal epidural abscess']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

answer: @entity7181 :: (MESH:D020802,Disease) :: ['spinal epidural abscess']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Published cohorts of @entity1 with @entity385 ( @entity385 ) in the 1990s to early 2000s reported 5-year cumulative recurrence rates approaching 20%. Since then, utilization of antithrombotic agents for secondary @entity64 prevention in @entity1 has increased. We sought to determine rates and predictors of recurrent @entity64 in the current era. METHODS: The Vascular Effects of Infection in @entity64 (VIPS) study enrolled 355 @entity1 with @entity385 at 37 international centers from 2009 to 2014 and followed them prospectively for recurrent @entity64 . Index and recurrent @entity64 underwent central review and confirmation, as well as central classification of causes of @entity64 , including arteriopathies. Other predictors were measured via parental interview or chart review. RESULTS: Of the 355 @entity1 , 354 survived their acute index @entity64 , and 308 (87%) were treated with an antithrombotic medication. During a median follow-up of 2.0 years (interquartile range, 1.0-3.0), 40 @entity1 had a recurrent @entity385 , and none had a @entity64 . The cumulative @entity64 recurrence rate was 6.8% (95% confidence interval, 4.6%-10%) at 1 month and 12% (8.5%-15%) at 1 year. The sole predictor of recurrence was the presence of an @entity4065 , which increased the risk of recurrence 5-fold when compared with an idiopathic @entity385 (hazard ratio, 5.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-14). The 1-year recurrence rate was 32% (95% confidence interval, 18%-51%) for moyamoya, 25% (12%-48%) for transient @entity1779 , and 19% (8.5%-40%) for @entity4066 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity385 , particularly those with @entity4065 , remain at high risk for recurrent @entity385 despite increased utilization of antithrombotic agents. Therapies directed at the arteriopathies themselves are needed.

title: Risk of Recurrent Arterial XXXX in Childhood: A Prospective International Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity4065 :: ('MESH:C537440', 'Disease') :: ['arteriopathy']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'Pediatric Stroke', 'stroke', 'hemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral arteriopathy']

entities_list: @entity4066 :: ('MESH:D020217', 'Disease') :: ['arterial dissection']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['AIS', 'arterial ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: The histology of 365 of 396 @entity1 (92%) treated with radiation therapy at the University of Virginia from 1968 to 1978 has been reviewed. Staging and treatment policies were consistent throughout this period, and have enabled the influence of histologic classification on treatment results to be evaluated. @entity152 ( @entity152 ) was the most common type, 69%; followed by keratinizing (KSCC), 13%; and @entity420 , 6.6%. Other varieties included adenosquamous, 3.6%; small cell undifferentiated @entity189 , 2.7%; papillary squamous, 1.6%; and glassy cell, 1.4%. Overall survivals by stage were similar to those reported from other centers. When examined by histologic type, the 5-year survival rates ranged from 64% for adenosquamous to 13% for small cell. The most common varieties, @entity152 and KSCC, had survival rates of 61% and 40% (P = 0.008). Considering both stage and histologic type, the differences between @entity152 and KSCC persisted and were significant for Stage IIB (P = 0.023). Of particular interest are the poor results in @entity4153 and @entity420 , except in the earliest stages, and the good results for @entity1962 . The patterns of failure by histologic type showed that local failures were higher in cases of KSCC than in @entity152 , indicating a probable difference in radiosensitivity. Distant spread was similar for both types. Both @entity4153 and @entity420 showed high rates of distant spread and local failure except in the early stages. Considering survival and failure rates, three prognostic groups could be identified. In descending order of curability these were: 1) @entity152 and @entity1962 ; 2) KSCC, @entity957 , and @entity420 ; and 3) small cell @entity189 .

title: Results of the radiotherapeutic management of XXXX with emphasis on the influence of histologic classification.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['small cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['papillary squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma and glassy cell carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity152 :: ('MESH:D018287', 'Disease') :: ['Large cell nonkeratinizing carcinoma', 'LCNK']

entities_list: @entity1962 :: ('MESH:D018196', 'Disease') :: ['adenosquamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the cervix']


abstract: @entity989 ( @entity989 ) is a serious disease of preterm neonates and there are limited systematic studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying @entity989 . Therefore, here we performed global gene expression profiling in @entity1 fetal retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) under @entity519 conditions in vitro. Aborted fetuses were enrolled and primary RMECs were isolated from eyeballs. Cultivated cells were treated with @entity5303 to induce @entity519 . The dual-color microarray approach was adopted to compare gene expression profiling between treated RMECs and the paired untreated control. The one-class algorithm in significance analysis of microarray (SAM) software was used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to validate the results. Gene Ontology was employed for functional enrichment analysis. There were 326 DEGs between the @entity519 -induced group and untreated group. Of these genes, 198 were upregulated in @entity519 RMECs, while the other 128 hits were downregulated. In particular, genes in the @entity68 ion homeostasis pathway were highly enriched under @entity519 conditions. Our study indicates that dysregulation of genes involved in @entity68 homeostasis mediating oxidative damage may be responsible for the mechanisms underlying @entity989 . The " @entity26 plus @entity68 hypothesis may improve our understanding of @entity989 pathogenesis.

title: Identification of XXXX Homeostasis Genes Dysregulation Potentially Involved in @entity989 Pathogenicity by Microarray Analysis.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['ROP', 'Retinopathy of prematurity']

answer: @entity68 :: (MESH:D007501,Chemical) :: ['Iron']


abstract: @entity989 ( @entity989 ) is a serious disease of preterm neonates and there are limited systematic studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying @entity989 . Therefore, here we performed global gene expression profiling in @entity1 fetal retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) under @entity519 conditions in vitro. Aborted fetuses were enrolled and primary RMECs were isolated from eyeballs. Cultivated cells were treated with @entity5303 to induce @entity519 . The dual-color microarray approach was adopted to compare gene expression profiling between treated RMECs and the paired untreated control. The one-class algorithm in significance analysis of microarray (SAM) software was used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to validate the results. Gene Ontology was employed for functional enrichment analysis. There were 326 DEGs between the @entity519 -induced group and untreated group. Of these genes, 198 were upregulated in @entity519 RMECs, while the other 128 hits were downregulated. In particular, genes in the @entity68 ion homeostasis pathway were highly enriched under @entity519 conditions. Our study indicates that dysregulation of genes involved in @entity68 homeostasis mediating oxidative damage may be responsible for the mechanisms underlying @entity989 . The " @entity26 plus @entity68 hypothesis may improve our understanding of @entity989 pathogenesis.

title: Identification of @entity68 Homeostasis Genes Dysregulation Potentially Involved in XXXX Pathogenicity by Microarray Analysis.

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['Retinopathy of Prematurity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this work is to investigate changes in the @entity2194 ( @entity2194 ) and tear film (TF) by means of questionnaire-based subjective symptoms, TF break-up time, Schirmer test, and TF analysis in @entity1 working with computers and to analyze the effects of the oral supplementation with antioxidants/ @entity9539 (A/  3) in the @entity2194 outcomes. @entity1 aged 40-65 years (n = 148) were recruited at the Administrative Offices of Valencia (Spain) and distributed into two age groups, 40-52 years (AGE1; n = 87) and 53-65 years (AGE2; n = 61), and then subdivided according to being (or not) computer users (CUG; NCUG) during the workday. Homogeneous subgroups were randomly assigned (or not) to the daily intake of three pills of A/  3 for three months. At baseline and at the end of follow-up, personalized interviews and ocular examination were done. Reflex tear samples were collected from the inferior meniscus and processed for a multiplexed particle-based flow cytometry assay to measure proinflammatory molecules. Statistics were performed using the SPSS 15.0 program. The @entity2194 pathology was clinically evident in the AGE1-CUG (33%) versus the AGE2-CUG (64%) of @entity1 . Significantly higher @entity71074 tear levels were found in the AGE1 versus the AGE2 @entity1 employees (P = 0.006 and P = 0.001, resp.), as well as in the CUG versus the NCUG (P = 0.001 and P = 0.000, resp.). Supplementation with A/  3 positively influenced the @entity2194 pathology as manifested by the amelioration of the clinical signs/symptoms related to computer uses. Strategies involving a safe environment and oral micronutrient supplements may be managed within eye-care standards in older @entity1 .

title: Ocular Surface and Tear Film Changes in Older XXXX Working with Computers.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'ocular surface']

entities_list: @entity9539 :: ('MESH:D015525', 'Chemical') :: ['omega 3 fatty acids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: Aim of the study was to evaluate the potential role of regulatory and proinflammatory cytokines @entity4452 and @entity4155 as Th17 lymphocyte activity markers in relation to invasiveness in @entity5 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The immunological analysis was conducted in 50 @entity1 treated for @entity957 and 30 healthy volunteers as controls. The levels of @entity4452 and @entity4155 in supernatants of purified peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures were determined by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinicomorphological criteria included pTNM, stage, G, and the total @entity5 front grading (TFG) score. RESULTS: Our data demonstrated higher concentrations of @entity4452 in @entity1 as compared to controls (p = 0.0001). No statistical difference for @entity4155 in these groups was observed. Our study revealed significant dependences in @entity4452 expression on pT (p = 0.04), histological differentiation (p = 0.04), and TFG total score (p = 0.02). @entity5 (pT3-pT4) with higher grade (G2-G3) and higher invasiveness (> 14 TFG points) were characterised by elevated @entity4452 levels in PBMC supernatants. Our data did not indicate a relationship between cytokine levels and three- and five-year survival. However, a tendency towards lower content of @entity4452 in PBMC cultures in @entity1 who lived longer than five years after treatment was noted. The relationships between @entity4155 level in PBMC cultures and clinicomorphological and prognostic parameters have not been disclosed. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest the importance of regulatory cytokine @entity4452 in determining the aggressive @entity189 .

title: Expression of Th17 cell population regulatory cytokines in XXXX - Preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'Advanced tumours', 'laryngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['potential of laryngeal carcinomas']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['laryngeal carcinoma']


abstract: @entity2066 (BC) and @entity20386 (CX), two carotenoids with and without pro-vitamin A activity, respectively, were found to help to prevent @entity3014 (BP)-induced @entity105 in the dark and BP photocarcinogenesis (UV 300-400 nm) when given as an oral supplement to female Swiss albino @entity19 . The same experimental procedure was adapted to @entity9627 ( @entity9627 ) photoinduction of mammary @entity189 in @entity19 . Here also, the two carotenoids were strongly antitumorigenic. Indeed, @entity9627 photomutagenesis, tested in @entity2491 TA 102, appeared to depend on a two-step reaction, namely an @entity26 -independent DNA- @entity9627 photoadduct, followed by an @entity26 -dependent second step, sensitive to carotenoids. This result suggests that dietary carotenoids (powerful antioxidant molecules) might prevent the carcinogenic risk caused by substances that are transformed into ultimate carcinogens by oxidative processes which are indirectly carcinogenic. Finally, to verify whether supplemental carotenoids can affect carcinogenesis where neither light excitation nor oxidative metabolic processes are involved, an experimental attempt was made on @entity356 induced in @entity35 by the direct carcinogen @entity2482 ( @entity2482 ). The results demonstrate that supplemental carotenoids do not affect initiation and progression stages, but do prevent the progression stage of @entity1141 to infiltrating @entity356 . Thus, this provides strong presumptive evidence for @entity26 radical involvement in the later stages of this neoplastic development, as recently reported in the literature. As far as mutagenicity in @entity2491 is concerned, @entity20072 do not exert, as expected, any protective effect on @entity2482 mutagenic activity. The above experimental data suggest that supplemental carotenoids, instead of sunscreen preparations, can be adopted by outdoor workers to prevent @entity1489 . Accordingly, such natural antioxidants may be useful in @entity1 chemoprevention against @entity5 of the lung, breast, urinary bladder, and colon and rectum even after radical surgery.

title: Chemoprevention of indirect and direct chemical carcinogenesis by carotenoids as XXXX radical quenchers.

entities_list: @entity20386 :: ('MESH:D016644', 'Chemical') :: ['canthaxanthine']

entities_list: @entity2482 :: ('MESH:D008769', 'Chemical') :: ['MNNG', "N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine"]

entities_list: @entity2066 :: ('MESH:D019207', 'Chemical') :: ['Beta-carotene']

entities_list: @entity20072 :: ('MESH:D002338', 'Chemical') :: ['carotenoids']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasias']

entities_list: @entity3014 :: ('MESH:D001564', 'Chemical') :: ['benzo[a]pyrene']

entities_list: @entity9627 :: ('MESH:D008730', 'Chemical') :: ['8-MOP', '8-methoxypsoralen']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['skin carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinomas', 'gastric carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasias']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: In this study, the role of parity in conferring protection of the mammary gland against @entity105 induced by @entity3653 ( @entity106 ) was investigated. Experiments were also carried out to determine if an 'interrupted' pregnancy was capable of reducing the incidence of mammary @entity5 induction. Since it has been suggested that morphological development or the proliferative pattern of the mammary gland at the time of carcinogen administration may be involved in reducing the susceptibility of the mammary gland to @entity105 , experiments were designed to elucidate the possible influence of these two factors. Sprague-Dawley female @entity35 were mated and were either allowed to complete pregnancy and parturition or were subjected to Caesarian section on day 5, 10 or 15 of the pregnancy. When @entity106 was administered i.v. to animals which had been allowed to complete a full-term pregnancy, only 14% developed @entity5 , compared to 70% in age-matched nulliparous controls. Termination of the pregnancy on days 5, 10 or 15 was as effective in reducing @entity5 incidence as full-term gestation and parturition, but still resulted in partial and statistically significant inhibition, compared to age-matched nulliparous controls. There was no significant difference in @entity665 @entity894 ( @entity894 ) at the time of @entity106 treatment in the parous @entity35 compared to age-matched nulliparous controls. We also observed no significant differences in the morphological development of the mammary gland in parous and nulliparous @entity35 of the same age. These results indicate that the protective mechanism may not lie in the mammary gland per se, but may indeed be a host factor, such as hormonal or immunological changes occurring in the host as a result of the pregnancy.

title: Prevention of mammary XXXX in @entity35 by pregnancy: effect of full-term and interrupted pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity3653 :: ('CHEBI:254496', 'Chemical') :: ['7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['labelling index', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['3H-thymidine']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['chemical carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity105 :: (MESH:D063646,Disease) :: ['carcinogenesis']


abstract: In this study, the role of parity in conferring protection of the mammary gland against @entity105 induced by @entity3653 ( @entity106 ) was investigated. Experiments were also carried out to determine if an 'interrupted' pregnancy was capable of reducing the incidence of mammary @entity5 induction. Since it has been suggested that morphological development or the proliferative pattern of the mammary gland at the time of carcinogen administration may be involved in reducing the susceptibility of the mammary gland to @entity105 , experiments were designed to elucidate the possible influence of these two factors. Sprague-Dawley female @entity35 were mated and were either allowed to complete pregnancy and parturition or were subjected to Caesarian section on day 5, 10 or 15 of the pregnancy. When @entity106 was administered i.v. to animals which had been allowed to complete a full-term pregnancy, only 14% developed @entity5 , compared to 70% in age-matched nulliparous controls. Termination of the pregnancy on days 5, 10 or 15 was as effective in reducing @entity5 incidence as full-term gestation and parturition, but still resulted in partial and statistically significant inhibition, compared to age-matched nulliparous controls. There was no significant difference in @entity665 @entity894 ( @entity894 ) at the time of @entity106 treatment in the parous @entity35 compared to age-matched nulliparous controls. We also observed no significant differences in the morphological development of the mammary gland in parous and nulliparous @entity35 of the same age. These results indicate that the protective mechanism may not lie in the mammary gland per se, but may indeed be a host factor, such as hormonal or immunological changes occurring in the host as a result of the pregnancy.

title: Prevention of mammary @entity105 in XXXX by pregnancy: effect of full-term and interrupted pregnancy.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']