abstract: @entity1031 are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality, and anticoagulation remains the cornerstone of prevention and treatment of these disorders. Although effective, the well-established agents have significant drawbacks. Heparin, low molecular weight heparin, and fondaparinux must be given parenterally, which is inconvenient for long-term or home use. The orally administered @entity2067 antagonists (such as @entity1229 ) have a slow onset of action, thus requiring bridging therapy with a parenteral agent when immediate anticoagulation is needed (e.g. inpatients with acute @entity1150 ). Because @entity2067 antagonists produce a variable anticoagulant response as a result of multiple drug-drug and food-drug interactions and genetic polymorphisms, frequent coagulation monitoring and dose adjustment are required to ensure a therapeutic level of anticoagulation, which is inconvenient for both @entity1 and physicians. In the search for new agents to overcome the drawbacks associated with traditional agents, direct @entity6236 inhibitors (e.g. @entity3925 , @entity5424 , and @entity14242 ) and direct @entity556 inhibitors (e.g. @entity14534 ) have been developed and are undergoing late-stage clinical evaluation for the prevention and treatment of @entity1031 . These new oral agents have already shown promise in large-scale clinical studies and data suggest that we have entered a new era with novel drugs that are closer than ever to the 'ideal anticoagulant'. Because these new oral agents have a rapid onset of action and can be given at fixed doses without the need for routine coagulation monitoring, they may simplify treatment paradigms and are expected to improve overall clinical outcome.

title: The potential role of new oral anticoagulants in the prevention and treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity14534 :: ('MESH:C453962', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran etexilate']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['Thromboembolic disorders', 'thromboembolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity5424 :: ('MESH:C522181', 'Chemical') :: ['apixaban']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1031 :: (MESH:D013923,Disease) :: ['thromboembolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the factors affecting the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of metastatic lymph nodes in different histological types of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) on integrated positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT). METHODS: This was a retrospective, single-institution review of 122 @entity1 with pathologically proven @entity1149 who had PET-CT scanning at the same center. Lymph node @entity3 were pathologically confirmed in tissue specimens from surgical @entity1 . Statistical evaluation of PET-CT results was performed on a per-nodal-station basis. RESULTS: The @entity5 SUVmax of @entity957 ( @entity957 ) (11.0        4.1) was higher than that of @entity420 ( @entity420 ) (7.4        4.4) (P   <   0.01), however, the SUVmax of the metastatic lymph nodes did not differ between the @entity957 (4.6        3.1) and @entity420 groups(3.6        2.5) (P   =   0.221). The SUVmax of metastatic lymph nodes was positively correlated with lymph node size but not with the @entity5 SUVmax, @entity5 size, @entity5 location and @entity5 differentiation. The frequency of a SUVmax of lymph nodes >= 2.5 was 44%, 80%,100% in @entity957 group and 39%, 59%, 90% in @entity420 group when the short-axis diameter of metastatic lymph node was <10  mm, 10-15  mm, and   >   15  mm, respectively. The low sensitivity for metastatic lymph nodes on PET-CT was increased when the SUVmax cut-off for @entity5 was considered to be above the normal background compared with that when the SUVmax cut-off was above 2.5. CONCLUSIONS: There was no difference in the SUVmax of metastatic lymph nodes in the @entity957 and @entity420 groups. The SUVmax of metastatic lymph nodes was positively correlated with metastatic lymph node size. There was a high false negative rate if lymph nodes with a short-axis diameter less than 10  mm and a extremely low false negative rate if lymph nodes with a short-axis diameter higher than 15  mm. Although an increased sensitivity may be achieved by decreasing the SUVmax cut-off, invasive staging may still be required for negative lymph nodes due to the lower sensitivity of PET-CT in both @entity957 and @entity420 .

title: Evaluation of the factors affecting the maximum standardized uptake value of metastatic lymph nodes in different histological types of XXXX on PET-CT.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['AC', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammatory markers vary considerably over time in haemodialysis (HD) @entity1 , yet the variability is poorly defined. The aim of the study was to assess changes of plasma levels of @entity40590 ( @entity40590 ), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), albumin and homocysteine (Hcy) over 3 months and the association between the changes in these biomarkers and mortality. METHODS: In 188 prevalent HD @entity1 , inflammatory markers were measured at inclusion and after 3 months. Mortality was recorded during a median follow-up of 41 months. The changes of the biomarker levels were categorized according to change in tertile for the specific biomarker. The variation was calculated as the @entity7166 ( @entity7166 ). Mortality was analysed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model. The predictive strength was calculated for single measurements and for the variation of each inflammatory marker. RESULTS: The intra-individual variation (low @entity7166 ) was largest for @entity40590 [ @entity7166 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33-0.55], albumin ( @entity7166 0.58; 95% CI: 0.49-0.67) and @entity1851 ( @entity7166 0.59; 95% CI: 0.51-0.68) and lowest for Hcy ( @entity7166 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77-0.86). During follow-up, 88 @entity1 died. CONCLUSIONS: @entity40590 measurements are less stable and show higher variation within @entity1 than @entity1851 , albumin and Hcy. Persistently elevated @entity40590 levels are associated with high mortality. Moreover, in multivariate logistic regression we found that stable high @entity40590 adds to the mortality risk, even after inclusion of clinical factors and the three other biomarkers. The associations of decreasing albumin levels as well as low Hcy levels with worse outcome reflect protein-energy wasting.

title: Three-month variation of plasma @entity40590 compared with XXXX , albumin and homocysteine levels in haemodialysis @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity7166 :: ('MESH:D008311', 'Disease') :: ['intra-class correlation', 'ICC']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['C-reactive protein']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammatory markers vary considerably over time in haemodialysis (HD) @entity1 , yet the variability is poorly defined. The aim of the study was to assess changes of plasma levels of @entity40590 ( @entity40590 ), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), albumin and homocysteine (Hcy) over 3 months and the association between the changes in these biomarkers and mortality. METHODS: In 188 prevalent HD @entity1 , inflammatory markers were measured at inclusion and after 3 months. Mortality was recorded during a median follow-up of 41 months. The changes of the biomarker levels were categorized according to change in tertile for the specific biomarker. The variation was calculated as the @entity7166 ( @entity7166 ). Mortality was analysed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model. The predictive strength was calculated for single measurements and for the variation of each inflammatory marker. RESULTS: The intra-individual variation (low @entity7166 ) was largest for @entity40590 [ @entity7166 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33-0.55], albumin ( @entity7166 0.58; 95% CI: 0.49-0.67) and @entity1851 ( @entity7166 0.59; 95% CI: 0.51-0.68) and lowest for Hcy ( @entity7166 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77-0.86). During follow-up, 88 @entity1 died. CONCLUSIONS: @entity40590 measurements are less stable and show higher variation within @entity1 than @entity1851 , albumin and Hcy. Persistently elevated @entity40590 levels are associated with high mortality. Moreover, in multivariate logistic regression we found that stable high @entity40590 adds to the mortality risk, even after inclusion of clinical factors and the three other biomarkers. The associations of decreasing albumin levels as well as low Hcy levels with worse outcome reflect protein-energy wasting.

title: Three-month variation of plasma XXXX compared with @entity1851 , albumin and homocysteine levels in haemodialysis @entity1 .

answer: @entity40590 :: (5806,Gene) :: ['pentraxin 3']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammatory markers vary considerably over time in haemodialysis (HD) @entity1 , yet the variability is poorly defined. The aim of the study was to assess changes of plasma levels of @entity40590 ( @entity40590 ), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), albumin and homocysteine (Hcy) over 3 months and the association between the changes in these biomarkers and mortality. METHODS: In 188 prevalent HD @entity1 , inflammatory markers were measured at inclusion and after 3 months. Mortality was recorded during a median follow-up of 41 months. The changes of the biomarker levels were categorized according to change in tertile for the specific biomarker. The variation was calculated as the @entity7166 ( @entity7166 ). Mortality was analysed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model. The predictive strength was calculated for single measurements and for the variation of each inflammatory marker. RESULTS: The intra-individual variation (low @entity7166 ) was largest for @entity40590 [ @entity7166 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33-0.55], albumin ( @entity7166 0.58; 95% CI: 0.49-0.67) and @entity1851 ( @entity7166 0.59; 95% CI: 0.51-0.68) and lowest for Hcy ( @entity7166 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77-0.86). During follow-up, 88 @entity1 died. CONCLUSIONS: @entity40590 measurements are less stable and show higher variation within @entity1 than @entity1851 , albumin and Hcy. Persistently elevated @entity40590 levels are associated with high mortality. Moreover, in multivariate logistic regression we found that stable high @entity40590 adds to the mortality risk, even after inclusion of clinical factors and the three other biomarkers. The associations of decreasing albumin levels as well as low Hcy levels with worse outcome reflect protein-energy wasting.

title: Three-month variation of plasma @entity40590 compared with @entity1851 , albumin and homocysteine levels in haemodialysis XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: At the present time, specific imaging and treatment of central nervous system @entity5 is not possible. The development of monoclonal hybridoma technology may provide the solution to this problem. We have utilized @entity1 glioma-derived cell lines (HGCL) transplanted subcutaneously and intracranially into athymic @entity19 and @entity35 to evaluate the imaging and localizing properties of a panel of MAbs. MAbs 81C6, C12, and D12 and 81C6 @entity1334 have shown significant in vivo localization against HGCL D-54 MG and 81C6 against U-251 MG when compared to equivalent non-specific MAbs. In subcutaneous D-54 MG-induced xenografts, maximal @entity2631 ( @entity2631 ) of up to 15.0 for 81C6, 6.8 for 81C6 @entity1334 , 6.48 for C12, and 4.47 for D12 have been seen. The @entity5 -tissue ratios for normal brain have ranged from 235 for 81C6 to 167 for D12. The total percent injected dose for 81C6 was nearly 5% in U-251 @entity5 and 10% of the initial dose in D-54 @entity5 , while the percent injected dose for control MAb were 1.9% and 2.8%, respectively. Four subcutaneously growing U-251 @entity5 were clearly imaged using 131I-81C6. With intracranially growing D-54 MG, 131I-81C6 provided external imaging of @entity5 at sizes as small as 20 mg while 131I-45.6, a non-specific MAb, provided imaging only when @entity5 achieved sizes greater than 300 mg. These data indicate that operationally specific MAbs and MAb @entity1334 can specifically localize and be used to image @entity1 @entity5 transplanted into immunocompromised animals. The animal models described in this paper provide a sensitive method of evaluating MAbs in pre- @entity1 trials.

title: Specific imaging of XXXX brain tumor xenografts utilizing radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'intracranial tumors', 'MG tumors', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['localization indices', 'LI']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recurrent @entity8 (rFSGS) in renal transplant recipients (RTR) is difficult to predict and treat. Early rFSGS is likely from circulating factors and preformed antibodies. METHODS: We present the case of a 23-year-old white @entity1 who presented with rFSGS and @entity810 , requiring dialysis 9-months after a 1-haplotype matched living-related transplant. We retrospectively analyzed serum samples from various clinical stages for rFSGS biomarkers: serum glomerular albumin permeability (Palb), soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) serum level with suPAR-b3 integrin signaling on @entity1 podocytes, and angiotensin II type I receptor-antibody ( @entity7743 -Ab) titer. RESULTS: All biomarkers were abnormal at 1-year pre-transplant prior to initiation of dialysis and at the time of transplant. After initiation of hemodialysis, b3 integrin activity on @entity1 podocytes, in response to patient serum, as well as @entity7743 -Ab were further elevated. At the time of biopsy-proven recurrence, all biomarkers were abnormally high. One week after therapy with aborted plasmapheresis (secondary to intolerance), and high dose @entity230 , the Palb and suPAR-b3 integrin activity remained significantly positive. After 12-weeks of treatment with high-dose @entity230 , rituximab, and @entity3649 , the @entity1 remained hemodialysis-dependent. Three-months after his initial presentation, we commenced @entity4545 (ACTH, Acthar(  ) Gel), 80 units subcutaneously twice weekly. Four-weeks later, he was able to discontinue dialysis. After 8-months of maintenance ACTH therapy, his serum @entity1011 stabilized at 1.79   mg/dL with <1   g of @entity644 . CONCLUSION: ACTH therapy was associated with improvement in renal function within 4   weeks. The use of rFSGS biomarkers may aid in predicting development of rFSGS.

title: A case report of @entity4545 to treat recurrent XXXX post-transplantation and biomarker monitoring.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['focal segmental glomerular sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity3649 :: ('MESH:D005690', 'Chemical') :: ['galactose']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['focal segmental glomerular sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recurrent @entity8 (rFSGS) in renal transplant recipients (RTR) is difficult to predict and treat. Early rFSGS is likely from circulating factors and preformed antibodies. METHODS: We present the case of a 23-year-old white @entity1 who presented with rFSGS and @entity810 , requiring dialysis 9-months after a 1-haplotype matched living-related transplant. We retrospectively analyzed serum samples from various clinical stages for rFSGS biomarkers: serum glomerular albumin permeability (Palb), soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) serum level with suPAR-b3 integrin signaling on @entity1 podocytes, and angiotensin II type I receptor-antibody ( @entity7743 -Ab) titer. RESULTS: All biomarkers were abnormal at 1-year pre-transplant prior to initiation of dialysis and at the time of transplant. After initiation of hemodialysis, b3 integrin activity on @entity1 podocytes, in response to patient serum, as well as @entity7743 -Ab were further elevated. At the time of biopsy-proven recurrence, all biomarkers were abnormally high. One week after therapy with aborted plasmapheresis (secondary to intolerance), and high dose @entity230 , the Palb and suPAR-b3 integrin activity remained significantly positive. After 12-weeks of treatment with high-dose @entity230 , rituximab, and @entity3649 , the @entity1 remained hemodialysis-dependent. Three-months after his initial presentation, we commenced @entity4545 (ACTH, Acthar(  ) Gel), 80 units subcutaneously twice weekly. Four-weeks later, he was able to discontinue dialysis. After 8-months of maintenance ACTH therapy, his serum @entity1011 stabilized at 1.79   mg/dL with <1   g of @entity644 . CONCLUSION: ACTH therapy was associated with improvement in renal function within 4   weeks. The use of rFSGS biomarkers may aid in predicting development of rFSGS.

title: A case report of XXXX to treat recurrent @entity8 post-transplantation and biomarker monitoring.

answer: @entity4545 :: (5443,Gene) :: ['adrenocorticotropic hormone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: It is the aim of the certification system for Organ Cancer Centers of the German Cancer Society to ensure that oncology @entity1 receive therapy meeting high quality standards. @entity2 @entity1 require comprehensive palliative care due to their high symptom load. The purpose of the present study was to identify the existing palliative care structures at 39 certified @entity2 centers. Methods: The survey tool used was an 18-question questionnaire sent by surface mail to the respective centers. Results: A total of 30 centers took part in the survey. A physician with the additional qualification 'palliative care' was employed at 21 of the centers, a certified palliative care nurse worked at 24 centers. A palliative care unit was available at 9 centers. The cited obstacles to the delivery of palliative care included a shortage of qualified palliative care staff, a lack of refinancing, and the concern that the suggestion of palliative care might cause negative emotions in the respective @entity1 . Conclusions: Certified @entity2 centers had a wide range of palliative care structures. Openness to and interest in extending existing palliative care services were most commonly identified. A number of serious obstacles in achieving this goal were nevertheless cited.

title: [Availability and Integration of Palliative Medicine at Certified XXXX Centers].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer', 'Lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A new paradigm in the treatment of @entity28 and @entity209 is developing. The global @entity28 epidemic continues to expand despite the availability of diet and lifestyle counseling, pharmacologic therapy, and weight loss surgery. Endoscopic procedures have the potential to bridge the gap between medical therapy and surgery. Current primary endoscopic bariatric therapies can be classified as restrictive, bypass, space-occupying, or @entity1173 therapy. Restrictive procedures include the USGI Primary Obesity Surgery Endolumenal procedure, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty using Apollo OverStitch, TransOral GAstroplasty, gastric volume reduction using the ACE stapler, and insertion of the TERIS restrictive device. Intestinal bypass has been reported using the EndoBarrier duodenal-jejunal bypass liner. A number of space-occupying devices have been studied or are in use, including @entity661 (Orbera, Reshape Duo, Heliosphere BAG, Obalon), Transpyloric Shuttle, and SatiSphere. The AspireAssist @entity1173 system has demonstrated efficacy. Finally, endoscopic revision of gastric bypass to address weight regain has been studied using Apollo OverStitch, the USGI Incisionless Operating Platform Revision Obesity Surgery Endolumenal procedure, Stomaphyx, and endoscopic sclerotherapy. Endoscopic therapies for weight loss are potentially reversible, repeatable, less invasive, and lower cost than various medical and surgical alternatives. Given the variety of devices under development, in clinical trials, and currently in use, @entity1 will have multiple endoscopic options with greater efficacy than medical therapy, and with lower invasiveness and greater accessibility than surgery.

title: Endoscopic therapy for weight loss: Gastroplasty, duodenal sleeves, XXXX , and @entity1173 .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['intragastric balloons']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disease']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity661 :: (MESH:D054549,Disease) :: ['intragastric balloons']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A new paradigm in the treatment of @entity28 and @entity209 is developing. The global @entity28 epidemic continues to expand despite the availability of diet and lifestyle counseling, pharmacologic therapy, and weight loss surgery. Endoscopic procedures have the potential to bridge the gap between medical therapy and surgery. Current primary endoscopic bariatric therapies can be classified as restrictive, bypass, space-occupying, or @entity1173 therapy. Restrictive procedures include the USGI Primary Obesity Surgery Endolumenal procedure, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty using Apollo OverStitch, TransOral GAstroplasty, gastric volume reduction using the ACE stapler, and insertion of the TERIS restrictive device. Intestinal bypass has been reported using the EndoBarrier duodenal-jejunal bypass liner. A number of space-occupying devices have been studied or are in use, including @entity661 (Orbera, Reshape Duo, Heliosphere BAG, Obalon), Transpyloric Shuttle, and SatiSphere. The AspireAssist @entity1173 system has demonstrated efficacy. Finally, endoscopic revision of gastric bypass to address weight regain has been studied using Apollo OverStitch, the USGI Incisionless Operating Platform Revision Obesity Surgery Endolumenal procedure, Stomaphyx, and endoscopic sclerotherapy. Endoscopic therapies for weight loss are potentially reversible, repeatable, less invasive, and lower cost than various medical and surgical alternatives. Given the variety of devices under development, in clinical trials, and currently in use, @entity1 will have multiple endoscopic options with greater efficacy than medical therapy, and with lower invasiveness and greater accessibility than surgery.

title: Endoscopic therapy for weight loss: Gastroplasty, duodenal sleeves, @entity661 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity1173 :: (MESH:D053120,Disease) :: ['aspiration']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-step endoscopic placement of @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) for treatment of @entity3883 . METHODS: A retrospective study was performed among 90 @entity1 who underwent transpapillary biliary metallic stent placement for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) between April 2005 and October 2012. The diagnosis of @entity66 and @entity5 was based on abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with brush cytology, biopsy, and/or a combination of these modalities. The type of @entity1702 (covered or non-covered, 8 mm or 10 mm in diameter) was determined by the endoscopist. Ninety @entity1 were divided into two groups: group 1 (49 @entity1 ) who underwent a single-step @entity1702 placement and group 2 (41 @entity1 ) who underwent a two-step @entity1702 placement. The technical success rate, complication rate, stent patency, and @entity1 survival rate were compared between the groups. In addition, to identify the clinical prognostic factors associated with @entity1 survival, the following variables were evaluated in Cox-regression analysis: gender, age, etiology of @entity5 ( @entity788 ), clinical stage (IVb; with distant metastases or IVa >; without distant metastases), chemotherapy (with or without), patency of the stent, and the use of single-step or two-step @entity1702 . RESULTS: Immediate technical success was achieved in 93.9% (46/49) in group 1 and in 95.1% (39/41) in group 2, with no significant difference (P = 1.0). Similarly, there was no difference in the complication rates between the groups (group 1, 4.1% and group 2, 4.9%; P = 0.62). Stent failure was observed in 10 cases in group 1 (20.4%) and in 16 cases in group 2 (39.0%). The patency of stent and @entity1 survival revealed no difference between the two groups with Kaplan-Meier analysis, with a mean patency of 111    17 d in group 1 and 137    19 d in group 2 (P = 0.91), and a mean survival of 178    35 d in group 1 and 222    23 d in group 2 (P = 0.57). On the contrary, the number of days of hospitalization associated with first-time @entity1702 placement in group 1 was shorter when compared with that number in group 2 (28 vs 39 d; P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that a clinical stage of IVa > (P = 0.0055), chemotherapy (P = 0.0048), and no patency of the stent (P = 0.011) were independent prognostic factors associated with @entity1 survival. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that single-step endoscopic metal stent placement was safe and effective for treating @entity3883 secondary to various inoperable @entity5 .

title: Comparison of endoscopic stenting for XXXX : A single-center study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer or non-pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['MBO', 'malignant biliary obstruction', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['self-expandable metallic stents', 'SEMS']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant biliary obstruction']


abstract: Filariasis presenting with @entity2294 with tamponade is rare. We report a case of a 30-year-old female who was admitted with severe @entity1353 and @entity662 since 2 days. Echocardiogram showed massive @entity2294 with tamponade. Pericardial fluid aspiration drained 1.2 L of hemorrhagic fluid. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity10065 . She was treated with @entity6566 and discharged. Six weeks later, she presented again with massive @entity2294 with @entity2293 . Pericardiocentesis was done. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity10065 . This time she was treated with @entity3070 and @entity3753 and cured. Hemorrhagic @entity1143 resolved completely. Though relatively uncommon, @entity66 must always be considered in the etiological diagnosis of recurrent @entity2294 .

title: Recurrent Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusion and Tamponade due to Filariasis Successfully Treated with @entity3070 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity3070 :: ('MESH:D007559', 'Chemical') :: ['ivermectin']

entities_list: @entity6566 :: ('MESH:D004049', 'Chemical') :: ['diethyl carbamazine']

entities_list: @entity3753 :: ('MESH:D015766', 'Chemical') :: ['albendazole']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['tropical diseases']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity10065 :: ('6293', 'Species') :: ['W. bancrofti', 'Wuchereria bancrofti']

answer: @entity3753 :: (MESH:D015766,Chemical) :: ['Albendazole']


abstract: Filariasis presenting with @entity2294 with tamponade is rare. We report a case of a 30-year-old female who was admitted with severe @entity1353 and @entity662 since 2 days. Echocardiogram showed massive @entity2294 with tamponade. Pericardial fluid aspiration drained 1.2 L of hemorrhagic fluid. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity10065 . She was treated with @entity6566 and discharged. Six weeks later, she presented again with massive @entity2294 with @entity2293 . Pericardiocentesis was done. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity10065 . This time she was treated with @entity3070 and @entity3753 and cured. Hemorrhagic @entity1143 resolved completely. Though relatively uncommon, @entity66 must always be considered in the etiological diagnosis of recurrent @entity2294 .

title: Recurrent Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusion and Tamponade due to Filariasis Successfully Treated with XXXX and @entity3753 .

answer: @entity3070 :: (MESH:D007559,Chemical) :: ['Ivermectin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that in @entity1 with @entity2411 and @entity1743 ( @entity1743 ), @entity158 may be generated by the effect of @entity1743 on pelvic floor structures, and treatment with arthroscopy may improve @entity2411 . We also sought to identify characteristics of @entity1 whose @entity2411 improved after arthroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series of @entity1 with @entity2411 and @entity1743 underwent physical therapy, and, if hip symptoms did not improve, arthroscopy. Three to 5 years postoperatively, follow-up of outcomes after arthroscopy on @entity2411 was performed using chart review and @entity1 questionnaire. Clinical characteristics and @entity158 scores describing @entity1 with and without @entity2411 improvement were assessed. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity1 with generalized unprovoked @entity2411 (GUV) or clitorodynia underwent arthroscopy for @entity1743 . Six @entity1 , all younger than 30 years, experienced lasting improvement in @entity2411 . Twenty @entity1 , with an older mean age, longer mean @entity2411 duration, and mainly severe @entity158 scores, did not experience @entity158 improvement after arthroscopy. CONCLUSION: This case series describes improved @entity2411 outcomes after arthroscopy for @entity1743 in @entity1 younger than 30 years. @entity1 with @entity158 and coexisting @entity1743 had GUV and clitorodynia.

title: @entity2411 and Concomitant XXXX : Long-Term Follow-up After Hip Arthroscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2411 :: ('MESH:D056650', 'Disease') :: ['vulvodynia']

entities_list: @entity1743 :: ('MESH:D057925', 'Disease') :: ['femoro-acetabular impingement', 'FAI']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'vulvar pain']

answer: @entity1743 :: (MESH:D057925,Disease) :: ['Femoro-Acetabular Impingement']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that in @entity1 with @entity2411 and @entity1743 ( @entity1743 ), @entity158 may be generated by the effect of @entity1743 on pelvic floor structures, and treatment with arthroscopy may improve @entity2411 . We also sought to identify characteristics of @entity1 whose @entity2411 improved after arthroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series of @entity1 with @entity2411 and @entity1743 underwent physical therapy, and, if hip symptoms did not improve, arthroscopy. Three to 5 years postoperatively, follow-up of outcomes after arthroscopy on @entity2411 was performed using chart review and @entity1 questionnaire. Clinical characteristics and @entity158 scores describing @entity1 with and without @entity2411 improvement were assessed. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity1 with generalized unprovoked @entity2411 (GUV) or clitorodynia underwent arthroscopy for @entity1743 . Six @entity1 , all younger than 30 years, experienced lasting improvement in @entity2411 . Twenty @entity1 , with an older mean age, longer mean @entity2411 duration, and mainly severe @entity158 scores, did not experience @entity158 improvement after arthroscopy. CONCLUSION: This case series describes improved @entity2411 outcomes after arthroscopy for @entity1743 in @entity1 younger than 30 years. @entity1 with @entity158 and coexisting @entity1743 had GUV and clitorodynia.

title: XXXX and Concomitant @entity1743 : Long-Term Follow-up After Hip Arthroscopy.

answer: @entity2411 :: (MESH:D056650,Disease) :: ['Vulvodynia']


abstract: Creation of a VX2 @entity5 model has traditionally required a laparotomy and surgical implantation of @entity5 fragments. Open surgical procedures are invasive and require long procedure times and recovery that can result in post-operative morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to report the results of a percutaneous ultrasound guided method for creation of a VX2 model in @entity95 livers. A total of 27 New Zealand white @entity95 underwent a percutaneous ultrasound guided approach, where a VX2 @entity5 fragment was implanted in the liver. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess for @entity5 growth and necropsy was performed to determine rates of tract seeding and metastatic disease. Ultrasound guided @entity5 implantation was successful in all 27 @entity95 . One @entity95 died 2 days following the implantation procedure. Two @entity95 had no @entity5 seen on follow-up imaging. Therefore, @entity5 development was seen in 24/26 (92%) @entity95 . During the follow-up period, tract seeding was seen in 8% of @entity95 and 38% had extra-hepatic metastatic disease. Therefore, percutaneous ultrasound guided @entity5 implantation safely provides reliable @entity5 growth for @entity99 in a @entity95 model with decreased rates of tract seeding, compared to previously reported methods.

title: Percutaneous ultrasound guided implantation of VX2 for creation of a @entity95 XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['establishing hepatic VX2 tumors']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic tumor']


abstract: Creation of a VX2 @entity5 model has traditionally required a laparotomy and surgical implantation of @entity5 fragments. Open surgical procedures are invasive and require long procedure times and recovery that can result in post-operative morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to report the results of a percutaneous ultrasound guided method for creation of a VX2 model in @entity95 livers. A total of 27 New Zealand white @entity95 underwent a percutaneous ultrasound guided approach, where a VX2 @entity5 fragment was implanted in the liver. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess for @entity5 growth and necropsy was performed to determine rates of tract seeding and metastatic disease. Ultrasound guided @entity5 implantation was successful in all 27 @entity95 . One @entity95 died 2 days following the implantation procedure. Two @entity95 had no @entity5 seen on follow-up imaging. Therefore, @entity5 development was seen in 24/26 (92%) @entity95 . During the follow-up period, tract seeding was seen in 8% of @entity95 and 38% had extra-hepatic metastatic disease. Therefore, percutaneous ultrasound guided @entity5 implantation safely provides reliable @entity5 growth for @entity99 in a @entity95 model with decreased rates of tract seeding, compared to previously reported methods.

title: Percutaneous ultrasound guided implantation of VX2 for creation of a XXXX @entity99 model.

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The @entity551 ( @entity551 ) of plasma and interstitial fluid play important roles in transvascular fluid exchange. @entity551 values for monitoring fluid balance in healthy and sick @entity1 have not been established. This study set out to determine reference values of @entity551 in healthy @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity551 in plasma and interstitial fluid harvested from nylon wicks was measured in 99 healthy @entity1 from 2 to 10 years of age. Nylon wicks were implanted subcutaneously in arm and leg while @entity1 were sedated and intubated during a minor surgical procedure. @entity551 was analyzed in a colloid osmometer designed for small fluid samples. RESULTS: The mean plasma @entity551 in all @entity1 was 25.6    3.3 mmHg. Arbitrary division of @entity1 in four different age groups, showed no significant difference in plasma or interstitial fluid @entity551 values for @entity1 less than 8 years, whereas @entity1 of 8-10 years had significant higher @entity551 both in plasma and interstitial fluid. There were no gender difference or correlation between @entity551 in interstitial fluid sampled from arm and leg and no significant effect on interstitial @entity551 of gravity. Prolonged implantation time did not affect interstitial @entity551 . CONCLUSION: Plasma and interstitial @entity551 in healthy @entity1 are comparable to adults and @entity551 seems to increase with age in @entity1 . Knowledge of the interaction between colloid osmotic forces can be helpful in diseases associated with fluid imbalance and may be crucial in deciding different fluid treatment options. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01044641.

title: Interstitial Fluid Colloid Osmotic Pressure in Healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'children']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['colloid osmotic pressure', 'COP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the bowel habits and toilet training of developmentally normal @entity1 ages 5 to 8 years in rural and urban areas of the province of Sindh, Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted at households of rural (District Khairpur) and urban (Karachi) areas of Sindh, Pakistan, which enrolled 1000 @entity1 between 5 and 8 years of age, (half from rural and half from urban areas). A questionnaire regarding age, ethnicity, and sex was completed by two separate investigators from each setting. Recall information was elicited about bowel habits for the previous 2 weeks and the frequency and quality of stools, size of stools, and dietary habit for the previous 24 hours. A @entity1142 score that was based on modified Rome III criteria was developed for each @entity1 . RESULTS: Functional @entity1142 was reported 1.6 times more in the rural than the urban population (P < .001). Toilet training was initiated and completed earlier in the urban (18.6    6.8 and 46    12.5 months) than the rural @entity1 (28.6    6.1 and 56.5    6.7 months) (P < .001). The daily calorie, macronutrient, fiber, and water intake was higher in the urban population (P < .001). Functional @entity1142 was significantly (P = .016) negatively correlated (r = -0.076) with the fiber intake. CONCLUSIONS: Functional @entity1142 was found more frequently in the rural area. Toilet training was initiated and completed significantly earlier in the urban population.

title: Bowel habits and toilet training in rural and urban dwelling XXXX in a developing country.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose - Measuring dental clinic service quality is the first and most important factor in improving care. The quality provided plays an important role in @entity1 satisfaction. The purpose of this paper is to identify factors affecting @entity4500 from the @entity1 ' viewpoint. Design/methodology/approach - This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted in a dental clinic in Tehran between January and June 2014. A sample of 385 @entity1 was selected from two work shifts using stratified sampling proportional to size and simple random sampling methods. The data were collected, a self-administered questionnaire designed for the purpose of the study, based on the Parasuraman and Zeithaml's model of service quality which consisted of two parts: the @entity1 ' demographic characteristics and a 30-item questionnaire to measure the five dimensions of the service quality. The collected data were analysed using SPSS 21.0 and Amos 18.0 through some descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, as well as analytical methods, including confirmatory factor. Findings - Results showed that the correlation coefficients for all dimensions were higher than 0.5. In this model, assurance (regression weight=0.99) and tangibility (regression weight=0.86) had, respectively, the highest and lowest effects on @entity4500 . Practical implications - The Parasuraman and Zeithaml's model is suitable to measure quality in dental services. The variables related to dental services quality have been made according to the model. Originality/value - This is a pioneering study that uses Parasuraman and Zeithaml's model and @entity3795 in a dental setting. This study provides useful insights and guidance for @entity4500 assurance.

title: Factors affecting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4500 :: ('MESH:D014071', 'Disease') :: ['dental service quality']

answer: @entity4500 :: (MESH:D014071,Disease) :: ['dental service quality']


abstract: CONTEXT: Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is a rich source of antioxidants. All parts of the plant are medicinally important and have been used as traditional medicine for a variety of @entity1 ailments in India. OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic efficacy of adjuvants with M. oleifera (MO) root extract was investigated against beryllium-induced oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hydroalcoholic (50% v/v) root extract of M. oleifera (150   mg/kg, p.o.) alone and combinations of M. oleifera with either piperine (2.5   mg/kg, p.o.) or curcumin (5.0   mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 1 week were administered in experimental @entity35 against beryllium @entity137 (1.0   mg/kg, i.p. daily for 5 weeks). Oxidative stress parameters including blood sugar, @entity19615 in liver, and DNA damage were analyzed. Histopathological changes in liver and kidney were also observed. RESULTS: Beryllium enhanced lipid peroxidation (LPO), depleted reduced glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes activities, decreased blood sugar and @entity19615 activity, and did not damage DNA. Histologically, liver was observed with structural loss and disintegration of hepatocytes, heavy vacuolation in hepatocytes, and kidney was observed with constriction of glomeruli and @entity1184 in epithelial cells of uriniferous tubules. Therapy of M. oleifera with piperine was effective; however, combination of M. oleifera with curcumin showed better therapeutic effect by reduction of LPO, elevated GSH level, maintained antioxidant enzymes activities, restored blood sugar, and @entity19615 activity in liver together with almost normal histoarchitecture of liver and kidney. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Curcumin enhanced therapeutic efficacy of M. oleifera root extract and showed better antioxidant potential against beryllium @entity137 .

title: Co-administration of adjuvants along with Moringa oleifera attenuates beryllium-induced oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Although ultraviolet (UV) radiation is used to treat several types of diseases, including rickets, @entity1569 , @entity484 , and @entity1087 , the prolonged exposure to its radiation may result in acute and chronic health effects particularly on the skin, eyes, and the immune system. AIM: This study was carried out to show the effect of UV on both of the lymphoproliferative response and their capacity to produce IL-12 and @entity1618 in @entity19 . METHODS: @entity19 were exposed to whole body UVB and tested for the effect of recovery times on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. In addition, direct irradiation of spleens and lymphocyte suspension was carried out. Basal and mitogens-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation was assessed by MTT assay while @entity1618 and IL-12 were measured using ELISA. RESULTS: There was a significant suppression in lymphocyte proliferation in comparison with control. IL-12 level was significantly reduced while the level of @entity1618 was increased. Con A and PWM mitogens had no significant changes in @entity1618 while Con A caused a highly significant increase in IL-12 at day 6 of recovery in UVB body irradiation. CONCLUSION: Exposure to UVB radiation could cause a state of immune suppression and shifts @entity630 / @entity61 cell response. This effect is closely associated with the reduction of @entity630 cytokines' expression and increase in @entity61 cytokines' levels.

title: Effect of ultra violet irradiation on the interplay between @entity630 and XXXX lymphocytes.

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

answer: @entity61 :: (15111(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Th2']


abstract: Although ultraviolet (UV) radiation is used to treat several types of diseases, including rickets, @entity1569 , @entity484 , and @entity1087 , the prolonged exposure to its radiation may result in acute and chronic health effects particularly on the skin, eyes, and the immune system. AIM: This study was carried out to show the effect of UV on both of the lymphoproliferative response and their capacity to produce IL-12 and @entity1618 in @entity19 . METHODS: @entity19 were exposed to whole body UVB and tested for the effect of recovery times on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. In addition, direct irradiation of spleens and lymphocyte suspension was carried out. Basal and mitogens-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation was assessed by MTT assay while @entity1618 and IL-12 were measured using ELISA. RESULTS: There was a significant suppression in lymphocyte proliferation in comparison with control. IL-12 level was significantly reduced while the level of @entity1618 was increased. Con A and PWM mitogens had no significant changes in @entity1618 while Con A caused a highly significant increase in IL-12 at day 6 of recovery in UVB body irradiation. CONCLUSION: Exposure to UVB radiation could cause a state of immune suppression and shifts @entity630 / @entity61 cell response. This effect is closely associated with the reduction of @entity630 cytokines' expression and increase in @entity61 cytokines' levels.

title: Effect of ultra violet irradiation on the interplay between XXXX and @entity61 lymphocytes.

answer: @entity630 :: (57314(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Th1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to compare general and epidural anaesthesia for surgical resection of @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 80 @entity1 with @entity5 were randomly divided into two groups which respectively received general or epidural anaesthesia prior to the surgery. General anaesthesia was done under intubation and mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: Vital signs, including diastolic pressure, systolic pressure, heart rate and @entity26 saturation, were not significantly different between two groups before the surgery. Vital signs were decreased in @entity1 of both groups after surgery. However, vital signs in the general anaesthesia group were markedly higher than in the epidural anaesthesia group (p < 0.05), indicating that the changes of vital signs were less pronounced in the general anaesthesia group. Furthermore, the operation time in this group was markedly shorter than in the epidural anaesthesia group, while the success rate was markedly higher. In addition, the intraoperative @entity190 and infusion volume were both markedly lower in the general anaesthesia group, as well as the occurrence rate of supine position (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Occurrence of @entity712 , @entity4 , altered water-electrolyte balance, @entity854 in @entity1 undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia group was significantly lower (p < 0.05 vs. @entity1 under epidural anaesthesia). There were no deaths in either @entity1 group, and all @entity1 were successfully cured and discharged. CONCLUSIONS: General anaesthesia under intubation and mechanical ventilation is better suited for surgical removal of @entity5 .

title: General anaesthesia is better suitable than epidural anaesthesia for surgical removal of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['giant intraperitoneal tumours']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['lung edema']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['ECG abnormalities']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['giant intraperitoneal tumours']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Twenty-five percent to sixty percent of @entity191 ( @entity191 ) @entity1 reportedly have freezing of gait, leading to @entity73 , falls, and decreased quality of life. Several factors have been associated with gait freezing in @entity191 @entity1 . We analyze for these factors in autopsy-proven @entity191 @entity1 . METHODS: We performed a chart review of 58 @entity1 with pathologically confirmed @entity191 based on substantia nigra Lewy bodies. Freezing of gait was defined as a score of 1 or more on Item 14 of the Unified @entity191 Rating Scale or if documented on examination. Serial office notes and scales were used to determine onset and progression of motor and non-motor symptoms. RESULTS: @entity1 had been followed up for an average of 20 visits over 9 y. The mean onset of gait freezing was 9.3 y from initial motor symptoms. @entity1 with earlier gait freezing more commonly had initial gait difficulties and developed postural instability, @entity910 , @entity2414 , @entity1833 , and vivid dreams earlier during the disease course. Early onset of @entity1833 was correlated with more rapid progression of gait freezing. Maximal equivalent @entity3034 dose was not correlated with earlier onset or progression of gait freezing. Progressive and more severe gait freezing trended toward higher-severity Lewy @entity66 on postmortem examination. CONCLUSIONS: Early onset and rapid progression of freezing of gait in this cohort were correlated with early @entity73 and @entity1833 that are potential clinical hallmarks of cortical Lewy bodies. The gradual worsening and severity of gait freezing correlated with the density of cortical Lewy body-containing neurons.    2015 International Parkinson and @entity717 Society.

title: Clinicopathological characteristics of freezing of gait in autopsy-confirmed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3034 :: ('MESH:D007980', 'Chemical') :: ['levodopa']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['body disease']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'impaired mobility']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesias']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's Disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Movement Disorder']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: Measurements of neuronal signals during @entity1 @entity410 activity and evoked @entity302 activity in experimental models suggest that, in these pathological states, the individual nerve cells experience an activity driven @entity616 , i.e. they saturate. We examined the effect of such a saturation in the Wilson-Cowan formalism by adapting the nonlinear activation function; we substituted the commonly applied sigmoid for a Gaussian function. We discuss experimental recordings during a @entity410 that support this substitution. Next we perform a bifurcation analysis on the Wilson-Cowan model with a Gaussian activation function. The main effect is an additional stable equilibrium with high excitatory and low inhibitory activity. Analysis of coupled local networks then shows that such high activity can stay localized or spread. Specifically, in a spatial continuum we show a wavefront with inhibition leading followed by excitatory activity. We relate our model simulations to observations of spreading activity during @entity410 . ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13408-015-0019-4) contains supplementary material 1.

title: Modeling focal XXXX activity in the Wilson-cowan model with @entity616 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['depolarization block']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epileptic']


abstract: Measurements of neuronal signals during @entity1 @entity410 activity and evoked @entity302 activity in experimental models suggest that, in these pathological states, the individual nerve cells experience an activity driven @entity616 , i.e. they saturate. We examined the effect of such a saturation in the Wilson-Cowan formalism by adapting the nonlinear activation function; we substituted the commonly applied sigmoid for a Gaussian function. We discuss experimental recordings during a @entity410 that support this substitution. Next we perform a bifurcation analysis on the Wilson-Cowan model with a Gaussian activation function. The main effect is an additional stable equilibrium with high excitatory and low inhibitory activity. Analysis of coupled local networks then shows that such high activity can stay localized or spread. Specifically, in a spatial continuum we show a wavefront with inhibition leading followed by excitatory activity. We relate our model simulations to observations of spreading activity during @entity410 . ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13408-015-0019-4) contains supplementary material 1.

title: Modeling focal @entity302 activity in the Wilson-cowan model with XXXX .

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['depolarization block']


abstract: BACKGROUND: CD8-positive cells might play a crucial role in the therapeutic response to radiation, which has however not been investigated in radioimmunotherapy (RIT). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cytotoxic T cells affect the response of established @entity5 and, above all, if they delay or prevent the development of distant @entity3 after RIT, using an immunocompetent syngeneic @entity35 @entity694 model. METHODS: The cytotoxic T cells were depleted in 15 rats by anti-CD8 before the injection of the radioimmunoconjugate (400  MBq/kg body weight (177)Lu-BR96, which binds to the @entity5 -associated antigen Lewis Y). Fifteen other @entity35 were treated with RIT only. Both groups were followed for 99  days. Blood samples were collected at least once weekly, and @entity5 were monitored twice weekly. RESULTS: Twenty-nine of the 30 animals exhibited local complete response. The non-responder was treated with anti-CD8 and RIT but succumbed later due to @entity3 . Five animals in the group given anti-CD8   +   RIT were sacrificed due to @entity3 , and 4 additional animals were found to have @entity3 at autopsy. In the group given RIT, 4 animals developed @entity3 , but no @entity3 were found in the remaining 11 animals at autopsy. Thus, at the end of the study, 6 animals in the anti-CD8   +   RIT group were free from @entity3 , while 11 were free from @entity3 in the group receiving RIT. CD3(+) @entity11264 (-)CD8(+) lymphocytes were consistently depleted by the anti-CD8 treatment. The myelosuppression was otherwise similar in the two groups. The initial depletion of CD8-positive cells in our syngeneic @entity35 @entity694 model resulted in a higher frequency of animals developing @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Depletion of CD8-positive cells during RIT in an immunocompetent @entity35 @entity5 model might influence the number of animals developing @entity3 , indicating that the immune system may be important in the long-term outcome of RIT.

title: Role of CD8-positive cells in radioimmunotherapy utilizing (177)Lu-mAbs in an immunocompetent @entity35 XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: CD8-positive cells might play a crucial role in the therapeutic response to radiation, which has however not been investigated in radioimmunotherapy (RIT). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cytotoxic T cells affect the response of established @entity5 and, above all, if they delay or prevent the development of distant @entity3 after RIT, using an immunocompetent syngeneic @entity35 @entity694 model. METHODS: The cytotoxic T cells were depleted in 15 rats by anti-CD8 before the injection of the radioimmunoconjugate (400  MBq/kg body weight (177)Lu-BR96, which binds to the @entity5 -associated antigen Lewis Y). Fifteen other @entity35 were treated with RIT only. Both groups were followed for 99  days. Blood samples were collected at least once weekly, and @entity5 were monitored twice weekly. RESULTS: Twenty-nine of the 30 animals exhibited local complete response. The non-responder was treated with anti-CD8 and RIT but succumbed later due to @entity3 . Five animals in the group given anti-CD8   +   RIT were sacrificed due to @entity3 , and 4 additional animals were found to have @entity3 at autopsy. In the group given RIT, 4 animals developed @entity3 , but no @entity3 were found in the remaining 11 animals at autopsy. Thus, at the end of the study, 6 animals in the anti-CD8   +   RIT group were free from @entity3 , while 11 were free from @entity3 in the group receiving RIT. CD3(+) @entity11264 (-)CD8(+) lymphocytes were consistently depleted by the anti-CD8 treatment. The myelosuppression was otherwise similar in the two groups. The initial depletion of CD8-positive cells in our syngeneic @entity35 @entity694 model resulted in a higher frequency of animals developing @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Depletion of CD8-positive cells during RIT in an immunocompetent @entity35 @entity5 model might influence the number of animals developing @entity3 , indicating that the immune system may be important in the long-term outcome of RIT.

title: Role of CD8-positive cells in radioimmunotherapy utilizing (177)Lu-mAbs in an immunocompetent XXXX @entity694 model.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether initiation of cholinesterase inhibitors is associated with significant @entity353 in a real-word clinical setting. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study from 2007 to 2010 comparing @entity353 in individuals with @entity303 newly prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors and those newly prescribed other chronic medications. SETTING: National Veterans Affairs data. @entity1 : Individuals aged 65 and older with a diagnosis of @entity303 who received a new prescription for a cholinesterase inhibitor or other new chronic medication. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was time to 10-pound @entity353 over 12 months. Propensity score matching was used to control for the likelihood of receiving a cholinesterase inhibitor based on baseline characteristics. Data were analyzed in a priori defined subgroups according to age, comorbid burden, and initial weight. RESULTS: Of 6,504 individuals that met study criteria, 1,188 started on cholinesterase inhibitors were matched to 2,189 started on other medications. The propensity-matched cohorts were well balanced on baseline covariates. @entity1 initiated on cholinesterase inhibitors had a higher risk of @entity353 than matched controls at 12 months (hazard ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07-1.41). At 12 months, 29.3% of @entity1 taking cholinesterase inhibitors had experienced @entity353 , compared with 22.8% of nonusers, corresponding to a number needed to harm of 21.2 (95% CI = 12.5-71.4) over 1 year. There were no significant differences in the risk of @entity353 within subgroups. CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with the available data from randomized controlled trials. Clinicians should consider the risk of @entity353 when prescribing cholinesterase inhibitors.

title: Weight Loss Associated with Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Individuals with XXXX in a National Healthcare System.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the long-term outcome and patterns of relapse of a large cohort of @entity1074 ( @entity1074 ) @entity1 treated with curative-intent @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) alone. @entity1 AND METHODS: We reviewed the charts of 490 consecutive @entity1 with stage IE or IIE @entity1074 referred between 1992 and 2012 to our institution. Of those, 244 @entity1 (50%) were treated with @entity1161 alone. Pathology was confirmed by hematopathologists at our institution. @entity1 and disease factors were analyzed for association with @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Median age of the cohort was 59  years, and median follow-up was 5.2  years. Ann Arbor stage was IE in 92%. Most common disease sites were stomach (50%), orbit (18%), non-thyroid head-and-neck (8%), skin (8%), and breast (5%). Median @entity1161 dose was 30  Gy. Five-year OS and @entity4557 were 92% and 74%, respectively. Cumulative incidence of @entity204 was just 1.1% by 5  years. Sixty @entity1 (24%) developed @entity66 ; 10 were in the @entity1161 field. Crude rate of transformation to pathologically confirmed @entity706 was 1.6%. On multivariable analysis, primary disease site (P=.007) was independently associated with @entity4557 , along with age (P=.04), presence of B-symptoms (P=.02), and International Prognostic Index risk group (P=.03). All disease sites except for head-and-neck had worse @entity4557 relative to stomach. CONCLUSION: Overall and cause-specific survival are high in early-stage extra-nodal @entity1074 treated with curative @entity1161 alone. In this large cohort of 244 @entity1 , most @entity1 did not experience relapse of @entity1074 after curative @entity1161 ; when relapses did occur, the majority were in distant sites. Stomach cases were less likely to relapse than other anatomic sites. @entity706 was rare.

title: Long-Term Outcomes and Patterns of Relapse of Early-Stage Extranodal XXXX Treated With Radiation Therapy With Curative Intent.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'relapse-free survival']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['relapse of disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['Transformation to large-cell lymphoma', 'large-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['MZL', 'marginal zone lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['disease-specific death']

answer: @entity1074 :: (MESH:D018442,Disease) :: ['Marginal Zone Lymphoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity784 ( @entity784 ) are dominated by @entity4888 ( @entity4888 ) and @entity4889 ( @entity4889 ), and durable disease control is a therapeutic challenge. Standard @entity272 ( @entity272 ) is an effective skin-directed therapy, but the possibility of retreatments is limited to 2 to 3 courses in a lifetime due to @entity137 . This study aimed to determine the clinical effect of low-dose @entity272 in @entity1 with @entity4888 and @entity4889 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: In an open clinical study, 21 @entity1 with @entity4888 / @entity4889 stages IB to  IV were treated with low-dose @entity272 over <2.5 weeks, receiving a total dose of 10  Gy in 10 fractions. Data from 10 of these @entity1 were published previously but were included in the current pooled data analysis. Outcome measures were response rate, duration of response, and @entity137 . RESULTS: The overall response rate was 95% with a complete cutaneous response or a very good partial response rate (<1% skin involvement with patches or plaques) documented in 57% of the @entity1 . Median duration of overall cutaneous response was 174  days (5.8  months; range: 60-675  days). @entity272 -related acute adverse events (grade 1 or 2) were observed in 60% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose (10-Gy) @entity272 offers a high overall response rate and is relatively safe. With this approach, reirradiation at times of relapse or progression is likely to be less toxic than standard dose @entity272 . It remains to be established whether adjuvant and combination treatments can prolong the beneficial effects of low-dose @entity272 .

title: Low-Dose (10-Gy) Total Skin Electron Beam Therapy for XXXX : An Open Clinical Study and Pooled Data Analysis.

entities_list: @entity4888 :: ('MESH:D009182', 'Disease') :: ['mycosis fungoides', 'MF']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'skin toxicity']

entities_list: @entity4889 :: ('MESH:D018455', 'Disease') :: ['SS', 'S  zary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['CTCLs', 'Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['TSEBT', 'total skin electron beam therapy']

answer: @entity784 :: (MESH:D016399,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma']


abstract: Several previous studies have shown that the intake of soup negatively correlates with the body mass index (BMI), serum @entity165 and @entity1674 levels, and blood pressure, suggesting that soup intake reduces metabolic risk. However, the correlation between soup intake and various metabolic risk factors has not been well-established. Especially, it has not been investigated in Asian countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the frequency of soup intake and metabolic risk factors such as BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, serum @entity165 , serum @entity1674 , blood @entity413 , and glycated hemoglobin. A cross-sectional study of 103 Japanese @entity1 aged 24 to 75 years was conducted. The intake of soup and other food was investigated by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. The correlation between the frequency of soup intake and metabolic risk factors was analyzed by multiple regression analysis with a linear model. The median value of frequency of soup intake was 7.0 times per week. After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, energy intake, energy from @entity167 intake, current smoking, and estimated energy expenditure, the frequency of soup intake was found to have a significant inverse association with BMI (P=0.040), waist circumference (P=0.024), and waist-to-hip ratio (P=0.001). However, no significant associations with other metabolic risk factors were found. Frequency of soup intake is negatively correlated with @entity28 -related physical parameters in Japanese @entity1 .

title: Frequency of soup intake is inversely associated with body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio, but not with other metabolic risk factors in Japanese XXXX .

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: @entity4878 , @entity904 derivatives, are natural or synthetic molecules with pleiotropic effects, which regulate cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. In target cell, the active natural metabolites @entity1968 (RA) and @entity8620 are synthetized from @entity904 by a two-step process with intermediate metabolite @entity5995 . In 1987, the identification of the nuclear @entity1968 receptors that belong to the superfamily of nuclear receptors led to a significant progress in the comprehension of the mechanism of action of @entity4878 . There are two families of @entity554 Nuclear Receptors (RNR), the RA receptors (RAR), which natural ligand is RA, and the @entity13351 ( @entity13351 ), which natural ligand is @entity8620 . Among synthetic @entity4878 , @entity10211 , @entity14028 , @entity555 and @entity15464 are ligands of the RAR, @entity35406 is the first rexinoid (ligand of the @entity13351 ), alitretinoin the first panagonist (RAR+ @entity13351 ). For each family, there are 3 isotypes (a, b, y), and for each isotype several isoforms. Each NRR is composed of 6 regions (A-F). 3 regions are of importance: the A/B region has a ligand-independent transcriptional activation function, the C region harbors the DNA binding domain, the E region harbors the ligand binding domain. To regulate the expression of target genes, NRR have to dimerize. @entity13351 are obligatory in dimers (heterodimers RAR- @entity13351 , homodimers @entity13351 - @entity13351 ). Dimers binds specific sequences of DNA, present in the promoters of target genes. When the ligand, natural or synthetic, bind to RNR, coactivators are recruited and transcription factors are activated. In target cell, @entity4878 not utilized are degradated in polar metabolites by enzymes of cytochrome P450.

title: [ XXXX : mechanisms of action].

entities_list: @entity14028 :: ('MESH:D017255', 'Chemical') :: ['acitretin']

entities_list: @entity4878 :: ('MESH:D012176', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoids', 'Retinoids']

entities_list: @entity13351 :: ('6256', 'Gene') :: ['Retinoid X Receptors', 'RXR']

entities_list: @entity35406 :: ('MESH:C095105', 'Chemical') :: ['bexarotene']

entities_list: @entity554 :: ('CHEBI:26537', 'Chemical') :: ['Retinoid']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A', 'retinol']

entities_list: @entity10211 :: ('MESH:D015474', 'Chemical') :: ['isotretinoin']

entities_list: @entity555 :: ('MESH:C086827', 'Chemical') :: ['tazarotene']

entities_list: @entity15464 :: ('MESH:C063610', 'Chemical') :: ['adapalene']

entities_list: @entity5995 :: ('MESH:D012172', 'Chemical') :: ['retinaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

entities_list: @entity8620 :: ('MESH:C103303', 'Chemical') :: ['9-cis-retinoic acid']

answer: @entity4878 :: (MESH:D012176,Chemical) :: ['Retinoids']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Twospotted spider mite (TSSM), @entity7213 Koch, is an early season pest of @entity2708 in the mid-southern USA and causes reduction in yield, fiber quality and impaired seed germination. Objectives of this study were to investigate the efficacy of @entity51861 and @entity14653 with two divergent LC50 values against TSSM in a computer-operated spray table which simulated aerial application parameters. Combined with a pressure of 276  kPa and a speed of 8  km/h, a 650033 nozzle delivered a spray rate of 18.7 L/ha. The active ingredient rates were 1/8, 1/4, 1/2 and the lowest label recommended rates for early season @entity2708 . The intent was to study efficacy relative to deposition characteristics at active ingredient rates equal to and lower than those recommended by the label. Spectral reflectance values from a multispectral optical sensor were used to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index which numerically described the surface reflectance characteristics of @entity2708 canopies concomitant to damage caused by @entity7213 in the greenhouse. Water sensitive paper samplers described spray droplet spectra parameters (Dv0.1, Dv0.5 and Dv0.9,   m) and percent spray coverage. The volume median diameter (Dv0.5,   m) for @entity51861 and @entity14653 were respectively, 218 and 258 at one-half rate of the lowest label rate. These spray droplets were well above the driftable portions of the spray volume (<141    m) for both @entity51861 and @entity14653 . Efficacy evaluations indicated that @entity14653 was more effective than @entity51861 in controlling @entity7213 on early season @entity2708 at one-half rate of the lowest label rate. Results reported herein demonstrate that the multispectral optical sensor in lieu of manually counting @entity7213 appears to be a promising tool for efficacy evaluations against acaricides for early season plants grown in greenhouses.

title: Evaluation of selected acaricides against twospotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on greenhouse XXXX using multispectral data.

entities_list: @entity14653 :: ('MESH:C521569', 'Chemical') :: ['spiromesifen']

entities_list: @entity7213 :: ('32264', 'Species') :: ['T. urticae', 'Tetranychus urticae']

entities_list: @entity51861 :: ('MESH:C048324', 'Chemical') :: ['abamectin']

answer: @entity2708 :: (3635,Species) :: ['cotton']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity907 ( @entity907 ) is a common clinical condition characterized by abrupt cardiovascular autonomic changes resulting in @entity1163 . This is a recurring condition with mixed results from current strategies of treatment. METHODS: Subjects with a diagnosis of @entity907 were screened and enrolled. All the @entity1 were given a DVD containing yoga videos and were instructed to practice yoga therapy for 60  min, three times a week for 3 consecutive months. Syncope functional status questionnaire score (SFSQS) was administered at the beginning and the end of the study. The subjects were followed for 3  months and underwent repeat tilt table testing at the end of the study. RESULTS: Of the 60 @entity1 screened, 44 subjects were enrolled, 21 in the intervention group and 23 in the control group. Most of the @entity1 were females, and the mean age was 21        3  years. In the intervention group, who finished the yoga regimen, there was a statistically significant improvement from control phase to the intervention phase, in number of episodes of @entity1163 (4        1 vs 1.3        0.7, p   <   0.001) and @entity1163 (4.7        1.5 vs 1.5        0.5, p   <   0.001). The mean SFSQS also decreased from 67        7.8 to 29.8        4.6 (p   <   0.001). All subjects had positive head up tilt table (HUTT) study at the time of enrollment compared to only six @entity1 at the completion of intervention phase (10/100 vs 6/28  %, p   <   0.0001). CONCLUSION: Yoga therapy can potentially improve the symptoms of @entity1163 and @entity1163 in young female @entity1 with @entity907 .

title: Role of yoga as an adjunctive therapy in @entity1 with XXXX : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['presyncope', 'syncope']

entities_list: @entity907 :: ('MESH:D019462', 'Disease') :: ['Neurocardiogenic syncope', 'NCS']

answer: @entity907 :: (MESH:D019462,Disease) :: ['neurocardiogenic syncope']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity907 ( @entity907 ) is a common clinical condition characterized by abrupt cardiovascular autonomic changes resulting in @entity1163 . This is a recurring condition with mixed results from current strategies of treatment. METHODS: Subjects with a diagnosis of @entity907 were screened and enrolled. All the @entity1 were given a DVD containing yoga videos and were instructed to practice yoga therapy for 60  min, three times a week for 3 consecutive months. Syncope functional status questionnaire score (SFSQS) was administered at the beginning and the end of the study. The subjects were followed for 3  months and underwent repeat tilt table testing at the end of the study. RESULTS: Of the 60 @entity1 screened, 44 subjects were enrolled, 21 in the intervention group and 23 in the control group. Most of the @entity1 were females, and the mean age was 21        3  years. In the intervention group, who finished the yoga regimen, there was a statistically significant improvement from control phase to the intervention phase, in number of episodes of @entity1163 (4        1 vs 1.3        0.7, p   <   0.001) and @entity1163 (4.7        1.5 vs 1.5        0.5, p   <   0.001). The mean SFSQS also decreased from 67        7.8 to 29.8        4.6 (p   <   0.001). All subjects had positive head up tilt table (HUTT) study at the time of enrollment compared to only six @entity1 at the completion of intervention phase (10/100 vs 6/28  %, p   <   0.0001). CONCLUSION: Yoga therapy can potentially improve the symptoms of @entity1163 and @entity1163 in young female @entity1 with @entity907 .

title: Role of yoga as an adjunctive therapy in XXXX with @entity907 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the significance of the power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) score by comparing it with serum biomarkers and clinical disease activity. METHODS: We measured the PDUS scores of 24 synovial sites in 12 joints in 22 @entity309 @entity1 . For convenience, the PDUS scores of six synovial sites in six joints were also examined. Each joint was scored for a power Doppler (PD) signal on a scale from 0 to 3. The PDUS scores are the sums of the PD signal scores for the 24 synovial sites or the 6 synovial sites. On the same day, serum variables as well as clinical disease activity were evaluated. RESULTS: The PDUS scores from the 24 joint sites were significantly positively correlated with DAS of 28 joints (DAS-28), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), clinical disease activity index (CDAI) and serum biomarkers including @entity1549 , @entity7 and @entity2843 ( @entity2843 ). Accordingly, the PDUS scores from the six synovial sites greatly correlated with those from the 24 joint sites. Clinical disease activities as well as serum variables were also clearly correlated with the PDUS scores from the six synovial sites. CONCLUSION: The standard as well as the simplified PDUS scores well reflected clinical disease activity and serum variables, including angiogenic factors. Our data reaffirm the utility of ultrasonography for monitoring disease activity in @entity1 with @entity309 .

title: The power Doppler ultrasonography score from 24 synovial sites or 6 simplified synovial sites, including the metacarpophalangeal joints, reflects the clinical disease activity and level of serum biomarkers in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2843 :: ('7076', 'Gene') :: ['TIMP-1', 'tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the significance of the power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) score by comparing it with serum biomarkers and clinical disease activity. METHODS: We measured the PDUS scores of 24 synovial sites in 12 joints in 22 @entity309 @entity1 . For convenience, the PDUS scores of six synovial sites in six joints were also examined. Each joint was scored for a power Doppler (PD) signal on a scale from 0 to 3. The PDUS scores are the sums of the PD signal scores for the 24 synovial sites or the 6 synovial sites. On the same day, serum variables as well as clinical disease activity were evaluated. RESULTS: The PDUS scores from the 24 joint sites were significantly positively correlated with DAS of 28 joints (DAS-28), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), clinical disease activity index (CDAI) and serum biomarkers including @entity1549 , @entity7 and @entity2843 ( @entity2843 ). Accordingly, the PDUS scores from the six synovial sites greatly correlated with those from the 24 joint sites. Clinical disease activities as well as serum variables were also clearly correlated with the PDUS scores from the six synovial sites. CONCLUSION: The standard as well as the simplified PDUS scores well reflected clinical disease activity and serum variables, including angiogenic factors. Our data reaffirm the utility of ultrasonography for monitoring disease activity in @entity1 with @entity309 .

title: The power Doppler ultrasonography score from 24 synovial sites or 6 simplified synovial sites, including the metacarpophalangeal joints, reflects the clinical disease activity and level of serum biomarkers in XXXX with @entity309 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The incidence of @entity299 in newborns has increased with the use of central venous catheters. Thrombolysis with recombinant @entity1456 (rTPA) has been used as an alternative to @entity6950 in life threatening @entity887 . The aim of this study is to describe the response and complications related to the use of rTPA in the management of life- threatening @entity299 in newborns. @entity1 AND METHOD: The medical records of 8 newborn were reviewed in a retrospective study, of whom 7 were preterm with @entity299 , and rTPA was used in all of them. RESULTS: The @entity1 included 4 males with a mean weight of 1580 gr. The principal pathology was @entity295 (7/8), all of them used venous central catheter. The superior vena cava was the most frequent location, with a mean time of installation before the diagnosis of 12 days. RN 7/8 thrombi were located in the right atrium with a size between 7 to 20 mm. Three @entity1 received low molecular weight heparin prior to using rTPA. They received between 1 to 5 cycles with rTPA. In 4 @entity1 complete resolution of the @entity715 was achieved in a mean of 3.5 days. Four @entity1 had @entity932 grade I, without sequelae at follow-up. There were no deaths or @entity887 . CONCLUSION: This study is the first series of @entity1 treated with rTPA in Chile, and where its use has quickly achieved complete resolution of the @entity715 in 50% of cases, and partially in the others, thus reducing the secondary life-threatening risk of this disease.

title: [Recombinant XXXX for the management of intracardiac thrombi in newborns].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1456 :: ('100128998', 'Gene') :: ['tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['giant thrombus and embolization', 'embolism']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac thrombi']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity1456 :: (100128998,Gene) :: ['tissue plasminogen activator']


abstract: Air and light pollution contribute to fetal abnormalities, increase prevalence of @entity5 , metabolic and @entity66 , and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. A component of air pollution, particulate matter, and the phenomenon of dim light at night ( @entity72139 ) both result in neuroinflammation, which has been implicated in several @entity6220 . The combinatorial role of these pollutants on health outcomes has not been assessed. Male C3H/HeNHsd @entity19 , with intact @entity2493 production, were used to model @entity1 exposed to circadian disruption by @entity72139 and contaminated environmental air. We hypothesized exposure to 2.5  m of particulate matter (PM2.5) and @entity72139 (5lx) combines to upregulate neuroinflammatory cytokine expression and alter hippocampal morphology compared to @entity19 exposed to filtered air (FA) and housed under dark nights (LD). We also hypothesized that exposure to PM2.5 and @entity72139 provokes @entity308 . For four weeks, four groups of @entity19 were simultaneously exposed to ambient concentrated PM2.5 or FA and/or @entity72139 or LD. Following exposure, @entity19 underwent several behavioral assays and hippocampi were collected for qPCR and morphological analyses. Our results are generally comparable to previous PM2.5 and @entity72139 reports conducted on @entity19 and implicate PM2.5 and @entity72139 as potential factors contributing to @entity308 and @entity148 . Short-term exposure to PM2.5 and @entity72139 upregulated neuroinflammatory cytokines and altered @entity4778 hippocampal structural changes, as well as provoked @entity308 -like responses ( @entity4270 ). However, combined, PM2.5 and @entity72139 exposure did not have additive effects, as hypothesized, suggesting a ceiling effect of neuroinflammation may exist in response to multiple pollutants.

title: Combined effects of exposure to dim light at night and fine particulate matter on C3H/HeNHsd XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['CNS disorders']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety-like and depressive-like responses', 'depression', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity4270 :: ('MESH:D059445', 'Disease') :: ['anhedonia']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Spiradenocarcinoma is a @entity1489 with potential for aggressive behavior, classified histologically into low- and high-grade @entity5 . Morphologically, low-grade @entity5 are thought to behave more favorably. Limited information is available, however, with only 18 published cases. To study their clinical behavior, histological features, and the diagnostic value of immunohistochemistry, 19 morphologically low-grade spiradenocarcinomas were retrieved and compared with 21 spiradenomas and @entity2347 . H_E-stained sections were reviewed, follow-up was obtained, and immunohistochemistry for Ki-67, @entity876 and, @entity13327 was performed. The @entity5 were solitary, measuring 0.8-7   cm (median: 2.7   cm), with a predilection for the head and neck of elderly @entity1 (median age: 72 years; range 53-92) without gender bias. Histologically, the @entity5 were multinodular and located in deep dermis and subcutis. A pre-existing spiradenoma was present in all cases. The malignant component was characterized by expansile growth with loss of the dual cell population, up to moderate cytological atypia and increased mitotic activity (median: 10/10 HPF; range 1-28). Additional findings included squamoid differentiation (n=9), @entity39 (n=7), and @entity1066 (n=5). @entity876 expression was variable and no significant differences were noted in the benign compared with the malignant parts of the @entity5 . In contrast, in the malignant components the Ki-67 proliferative index was slightly increased, and @entity13327 expression was lost. Follow-up (median: 67 months; range: 13-132) available for 16 @entity1 (84%) revealed a local recurrence rate of 19% but no @entity3 or disease-related mortality. In this large study with long-term follow-up, we demonstrate that spiradenocarcinomas with low-grade morphology pursue an indolent course, characterized by local recurrence only. @entity3 and disease-related mortality appear to be exceptional. Lack of @entity13327 expression may be useful as an additional aid in the diagnosis of these challenging @entity5 .

title: Morphologically low-grade spiradenocarcinoma: a clinicopathologic study of 19 cases with emphasis on outcome and XXXX expression.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['rare skin adnexal neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['cylindromas']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'Metastases']

answer: @entity13327 :: (4602,Gene) :: ['MYB']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity393 or @entity130 to the @entity1347 often results in a @entity8333 for prosthetic tooth rehabilitation. This study evaluated the use of @entity702 mesh and recombinant @entity1 @entity1841 (rhBMP-2) for the repair of major @entity79 in the alveolar bone. Five @entity1 were enrolled in the study; these @entity1 required implant replacements for two contiguous missing teeth in the @entity1347 , which lacked sufficient bone. Residual ridges were augmented with rhBMP-2 and @entity702 mesh to direct the geometry of the newly formed bone. Seven months later, a bone biopsy specimen was removed from the implantation site before osteotomy and insertion of dental implants. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained preoperatively, postoperatively (baseline), and 48 months after implantation to evaluate implant healing. All dental implants were placed in the grafted sites without the need for further bone augmentation. The most frequent adverse effects were @entity4 . Biopsy specimens were used to evaluate bone quality. CBCT scans provided a prediction of alveolar restoration and long-term success. The combination of rhBMP-2 and @entity702 mesh provided effective augmentation of the @entity1347 prior to implant placement.

title: Bone augmentation of the @entity1347 for dental implants using rhBMP-2 and XXXX mesh: histological and tomographic analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1841 :: ('650', 'Gene') :: ['bone morphogenetic protein 2']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic anterior maxilla', 'anterior maxilla']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['facial oedema and oral erythema']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone defects']

entities_list: @entity8333 :: ('MESH:C565110', 'Disease') :: ['deficient ridge width']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of multiple teeth']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['titanium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity393 or @entity130 to the @entity1347 often results in a @entity8333 for prosthetic tooth rehabilitation. This study evaluated the use of @entity702 mesh and recombinant @entity1 @entity1841 (rhBMP-2) for the repair of major @entity79 in the alveolar bone. Five @entity1 were enrolled in the study; these @entity1 required implant replacements for two contiguous missing teeth in the @entity1347 , which lacked sufficient bone. Residual ridges were augmented with rhBMP-2 and @entity702 mesh to direct the geometry of the newly formed bone. Seven months later, a bone biopsy specimen was removed from the implantation site before osteotomy and insertion of dental implants. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained preoperatively, postoperatively (baseline), and 48 months after implantation to evaluate implant healing. All dental implants were placed in the grafted sites without the need for further bone augmentation. The most frequent adverse effects were @entity4 . Biopsy specimens were used to evaluate bone quality. CBCT scans provided a prediction of alveolar restoration and long-term success. The combination of rhBMP-2 and @entity702 mesh provided effective augmentation of the @entity1347 prior to implant placement.

title: Bone augmentation of the XXXX for dental implants using rhBMP-2 and @entity702 mesh: histological and tomographic analysis.

answer: @entity1347 :: (MESH:C537775,Disease) :: ['atrophic anterior maxilla']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Use of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) may prevent @entity16 and potentially reduce joint replacement surgeries. We assessed the association between @entity309 drug use and joint replacement in Quebec, Canada. METHODS: A cohort of new-onset @entity309 @entity1 was identified from Quebec's physician billing and hospitalization databases from 2002-2011. The outcome was defined using procedure codes submitted by orthopedic surgeons. Medication use was obtained from pharmacy databases. We used alternative Cox regression models with time-dependent variables measuring the cumulative effects of past use during different time windows (one model focussing on the first year after cohort entry) for @entity1499 ( @entity6822 ), and other DMARDs. Models were adjusted for baseline sociodemographics, co-morbidity and prior health service use, time-dependent cumulative use of other drugs (anti- @entity5 @entity39 factor [anti-TNF] agents, other biologics, @entity3840 inhibitors [COXIBs], nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAIDs], and systemic @entity230 ), and markers of disease severity. RESULTS: During follow-up, 608 joint replacements occurred among 11,333 @entity1 (median follow-up: 4.6  years). The best-fitting model relied on the cumulative early use (within the first year after cohort entry) of @entity6822 and of other DMARDs, with an interaction between @entity6822 and other DMARDs. In this model, greater exposure within the first year, to either @entity6822 (adjusted hazard ratio, HR   =   0.95 per 1  month, 95  % confidence interval, 95  % CI 0.93-0.97) or other DMARDs (HR   =   0.97, 95 % CI 0.95-0.99) was associated with longer time to joint replacement. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that longer exposure to either @entity1499 ( @entity6822 ) or other DMARDs within the first year after @entity309 diagnosis is associated with longer time to joint replacement surgery.

title: Early medication use in new-onset XXXX may delay joint replacement: results of a large population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['joint damage']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To present the experience of repairing iatrogenic @entity789 ( @entity789 ) using a rotational bladder flap and peritoneal interposition technique. METHODS: Between January 2009 and June 2014, a total of 18 @entity1 (mean age, 44.0 years; age range, 29-51 years) with @entity789 were treated using a transperitoneal approach. All @entity789 were complications of gynecologic procedures. Twelve @entity1 experienced recurrent @entity789 and one @entity1 had a concomitant @entity3622 after radiotherapy. The @entity292 was approached transabdominally. The peritoneum covering the bladder was isolated to expose the bladder and prepare for the interposition. The bladder was opened along the sagittal plane to the @entity292 and a bladder flap was rotated downward to fill the @entity292 defect. The vaginal defect was closed, then a flap using the isolated peritoneum was interposed and fixed between the vagina and bladder. A ureteral re-implantation was performed in one @entity1 . All VVF procedures were performed by one urologist (SW). Repair of the @entity3622 was performed by a general surgeon at the same time. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity1 (success rate   =   94% [100% for primary cases and 92% for recurrent cases]) had no evidence of recurrent VVF at a mean follow-up of 20 months (range, 6-36 months). The only @entity1 who had previously undergone a repair procedure failed. CONCLUSIONS: A transperitoneal approach with the use of a rotational bladder flap and peritoneal interposition might be a feasible and reliable procedure for surgical management of iatrogenic @entity789 , especially in complicated cases. Neurourol. Urodynam.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Repair of complex XXXX by combining a rotational bladder flap and full thick vascular peritoneal interposition.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity789 :: ('MESH:D014719', 'Disease') :: ['vesicovaginal fistulas', 'VVFs']

entities_list: @entity3622 :: ('MESH:D012006', 'Disease') :: ['rectovaginal fistula']

answer: @entity789 :: (MESH:D014719,Disease) :: ['vesicovaginal fistulas']