abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity189 is an uncommon @entity5 that is thought to be the malignant counterpart of the trichilemmoma. Despite histologic features such as pronounced cytologic atypia, @entity189 is often described as having a rather benign clinical course. Cases of @entity5 recurrence after therapy are uncommon, and @entity5 neurotropism has never been described. OBJECTIVE: A case of multiply recurrent @entity189 with @entity3 is described. The outer root sheath differentiation of this @entity5 is confirmed with the use of novel antibodies directed toward cytokeratins that are expressed in this area of the hair follicle. METHODS: The @entity189 was excised using the Mohs surgical technique. Tissue obtained during the extirpation of the @entity5 was subjected to immunohistochemical staining for @entity8844 , @entity9531 , and @entity1722 . RESULTS: Tumor neurotropism was noted. The @entity189 demonstrated abundant cytoplasmic staining for @entity9531 and @entity1722 . CONCLUSIONS: In distinction to previous reports, this case reveals that @entity189 can demonstrate significant biological aggression, as reflected by @entity5 neurotropism and by failure to respond to multiple surgical excisions. The purported outer root sheath differentiation of this @entity5 is confirmed with the use of novel immunohistochemical staining. This immunohistochemical staining may be useful in differentiating @entity189 from other clear cell neoplasms.

title: Multiply recurrent XXXX with @entity3 and @entity9531 positivity.

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['trichilemmal carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity189 is an uncommon @entity5 that is thought to be the malignant counterpart of the trichilemmoma. Despite histologic features such as pronounced cytologic atypia, @entity189 is often described as having a rather benign clinical course. Cases of @entity5 recurrence after therapy are uncommon, and @entity5 neurotropism has never been described. OBJECTIVE: A case of multiply recurrent @entity189 with @entity3 is described. The outer root sheath differentiation of this @entity5 is confirmed with the use of novel antibodies directed toward cytokeratins that are expressed in this area of the hair follicle. METHODS: The @entity189 was excised using the Mohs surgical technique. Tissue obtained during the extirpation of the @entity5 was subjected to immunohistochemical staining for @entity8844 , @entity9531 , and @entity1722 . RESULTS: Tumor neurotropism was noted. The @entity189 demonstrated abundant cytoplasmic staining for @entity9531 and @entity1722 . CONCLUSIONS: In distinction to previous reports, this case reveals that @entity189 can demonstrate significant biological aggression, as reflected by @entity5 neurotropism and by failure to respond to multiple surgical excisions. The purported outer root sheath differentiation of this @entity5 is confirmed with the use of novel immunohistochemical staining. This immunohistochemical staining may be useful in differentiating @entity189 from other clear cell neoplasms.

title: Multiply recurrent @entity189 with XXXX and @entity9531 positivity.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cutaneous malignancy', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['trichilemmal carcinoma', 'Trichilemmal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['perineural invasion']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['perineural invasion']


abstract: To evaluate the influence of diet on faecal DNA amplification, 11 captive @entity16745 ( @entity16745 ) were placed on six restricted diets: grass (Trifolium spp., Haplopappus hirtus and Poa pratensis), alfalfa (Lupinus spp.), @entity10786 (Daucus spp.), @entity4325 ( @entity4325 ), blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) and salmon (Salmo spp.). DNA was extracted from 50 faecal samples of each restricted diet, and amplification of @entity16745 DNA was attempted for a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) locus and nuclear DNA (nDNA) locus. For mtDNA, no significant differences were observed in amplification success rates across diets. For nDNA, amplification success rates for salmon diet extracts were significantly lower than all other diet extracts (P < 0.001). To evaluate the accuracy of faecal DNA sex identification when female carnivores consume male @entity1 prey, female bears were fed male @entity4325 . Four of 10 extracts amplified, and all extracts were incorrectly scored as male due to amplification of X and Y-chromosome fragments. The potential biases highlighted in this study have broad implications for researchers using faecal DNA for individual and sex identification, and should be evaluated in other species.

title: The influence of diet on faecal DNA amplification and sex identification in XXXX ( @entity16745 ).

entities_list: @entity4325 :: ('9874', 'Species') :: ['white-tailed deer', 'Odocoileus virginianus']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity16745 :: ('9644', 'Species') :: ['brown bears', 'brown bear', 'Ursus arctos']

answer: @entity16745 :: (9644,Species) :: ['brown bears']


abstract: To evaluate the influence of diet on faecal DNA amplification, 11 captive @entity16745 ( @entity16745 ) were placed on six restricted diets: grass (Trifolium spp., Haplopappus hirtus and Poa pratensis), alfalfa (Lupinus spp.), @entity10786 (Daucus spp.), @entity4325 ( @entity4325 ), blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) and salmon (Salmo spp.). DNA was extracted from 50 faecal samples of each restricted diet, and amplification of @entity16745 DNA was attempted for a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) locus and nuclear DNA (nDNA) locus. For mtDNA, no significant differences were observed in amplification success rates across diets. For nDNA, amplification success rates for salmon diet extracts were significantly lower than all other diet extracts (P < 0.001). To evaluate the accuracy of faecal DNA sex identification when female carnivores consume male @entity1 prey, female bears were fed male @entity4325 . Four of 10 extracts amplified, and all extracts were incorrectly scored as male due to amplification of X and Y-chromosome fragments. The potential biases highlighted in this study have broad implications for researchers using faecal DNA for individual and sex identification, and should be evaluated in other species.

title: The influence of diet on faecal DNA amplification and sex identification in @entity16745 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity16745 :: (9644,Species) :: ['Ursus arctos']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify the @entity410 to drive after @entity64 , following a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Twenty databases were searched, from inception until @entity4456 , 2010. Potentially relevant studies were reviewed by 2 authors for eligibility. Methodologic quality was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa scores. The @entity410 -to-drive outcome was a pass-fail decision following an on-road evaluation. Differences in off-road performance between the pass and fail groups were calculated using weighted mean effect sizes (d(w)). Statistical heterogeneity was determined with the I   statistic. Random-effects models were performed when the assumption of homogeneity was not met. Cutoff scores of accurate determinants were estimated via receiver operating characteristic analyses. RESULTS: Thirty studies were included in the systematic review and 27 in the meta-analysis. Out of 1,728 @entity1 , 938 (54%) passed the on-road evaluation. The best determinants were Road Sign Recognition (d(w) 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.44; I(2), 58%), Compass (d(w) 1.06; 95% CI 0.74-1.39; I  , 36%), and Trail Making Test B (TMT B; d(w) 0.81; 95% CI 0.48-1.15; I(2), 49%). Cutoff values of 8.5 points for Road Sign Recognition, 25 points for Compass, and 90 seconds for TMT B were identified to classify unsafe drivers with accuracies of 84%, 85%, and 80%, respectively. Three out of 4 studies found no increased risk of accident involvement in @entity1 cleared to resume driving after @entity64 . CONCLUSIONS: The Road Sign Recognition, Compass, and TMT B are clinically administrable office-based tests that can be used to identify @entity1 with @entity64 at risk of failing an on-road assessment.

title: Screening for XXXX to drive after @entity64 : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['fitness', 'best determinants of fitness']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['fitness']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify the @entity410 to drive after @entity64 , following a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Twenty databases were searched, from inception until @entity4456 , 2010. Potentially relevant studies were reviewed by 2 authors for eligibility. Methodologic quality was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa scores. The @entity410 -to-drive outcome was a pass-fail decision following an on-road evaluation. Differences in off-road performance between the pass and fail groups were calculated using weighted mean effect sizes (d(w)). Statistical heterogeneity was determined with the I   statistic. Random-effects models were performed when the assumption of homogeneity was not met. Cutoff scores of accurate determinants were estimated via receiver operating characteristic analyses. RESULTS: Thirty studies were included in the systematic review and 27 in the meta-analysis. Out of 1,728 @entity1 , 938 (54%) passed the on-road evaluation. The best determinants were Road Sign Recognition (d(w) 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.44; I(2), 58%), Compass (d(w) 1.06; 95% CI 0.74-1.39; I  , 36%), and Trail Making Test B (TMT B; d(w) 0.81; 95% CI 0.48-1.15; I(2), 49%). Cutoff values of 8.5 points for Road Sign Recognition, 25 points for Compass, and 90 seconds for TMT B were identified to classify unsafe drivers with accuracies of 84%, 85%, and 80%, respectively. Three out of 4 studies found no increased risk of accident involvement in @entity1 cleared to resume driving after @entity64 . CONCLUSIONS: The Road Sign Recognition, Compass, and TMT B are clinically administrable office-based tests that can be used to identify @entity1 with @entity64 at risk of failing an on-road assessment.

title: Screening for @entity410 to drive after XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thyroid antibodies (Thy-Abs) are frequently detected in various @entity792 in coexistence with other systemic autoantibodies. In association with an @entity75 , they are often taken as evidence of @entity14752 ( @entity14752 ). However, the presence of Thy-Abs in a cohort of @entity14204 ( @entity14204 ) @entity1 and their association with anti-neuronal autoimmunity has not been explored. @entity1 AND METHODS: We investigated thyroid and anti-neuronal antibodies in the sera of 24 @entity14204 @entity1 without identified @entity5 by cell-based assay and radioimmunoassay and evaluated their clinical features. RESULTS: There was a female predominance in Thy-Ab-positive @entity14204 @entity1 . Five of the eight Thy-Ab-positive @entity1 and six of the 16 Thy-Ab-negative patients had antibodies to voltage-gated @entity972 channel (VGKC), @entity1024 receptor (NMDAR) or undefined surface antigens on cultured hippocampal neurons. There were trends towards fewer VGKC antibodies (1/8 vs. 5/16, P = 0.159) and more NMDAR antibodies (2/8 vs. 1/16, P = 0.095) among the Thy-Ab-positive @entity14204 patients; antibodies to undefined surface antigens were only identified in Thy-Ab-positive @entity1 (2/8 vs. 0/16, P = 0.018). There were no distinguishing clinical features between Thy-Ab-positive @entity1 with and without neuronal antibodies. However, patients with anti-neuronal antibodies showed a better treatment response. CONCLUSION: Thy-Abs can be found in a high proportion of @entity1 with non-paraneoplastic @entity14204 , often in association with antibodies to specific or as yet undefined neuronal surface antigens. These results suggest that acute idiopathic @entity198 @entity1 with Thy-Abs should be closely monitored for ion-channel antibodies and it should not be assumed that they have @entity14752 .

title: Autoantibodies to neuronal surface antigens in thyroid antibody-positive and -negative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity14752 :: ('MESH:C535841', 'Disease') :: ['HE', "Hashimoto's encephalitis"]

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorders']

entities_list: @entity14204 :: ('MESH:D020363', 'Disease') :: ['limbic encephalitis', 'LE']

answer: @entity14204 :: (MESH:D020363,Disease) :: ['limbic encephalitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is based on microscopically controlled excision of cutaneous @entity5 and offers the highest cure rates with maximum tissue preservation. In vivo confocal microscopy (CM) allows noninvasive optical imaging of thin sections of living skin, in its native state, in real time, with high resolution and contrast. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of the use of in vivo CM as a surgical guide in MMS. METHODS: Five @entity1 with a biopsy-proven @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) were imaged by in vivo CM on one or two sites from the clinically visible @entity1489 . The first Mohs layer was then excised, and the fresh-frozen sections were correlated with the CM findings. @entity15484 ( @entity40321 ) 20% was applied on the Mohs defect followed by in vivo CM on one site from each lesion. A second Mohs layer was subsequently excised, and fresh-frozen sections were correlated with CM findings. RESULTS: The findings of in vivo CM were confirmed by @entity1710 and @entity1711 -stained frozen sections after excisions of the first and second Mohs layers. @entity40321 was found to provide an excellent contrast between @entity1491 cells and the surrounding tissue, detected readily with both in vivo and ex vivo CM. The @entity5 cells with @entity40321 exhibited intensely bright nuclei with an excellent contrast as compared with the low-contrast dark nuclei without @entity40321 application. CONCLUSION: In vivo CM is a potential surgical guide for MMS, and @entity40321 provides an excellent exogenous agent to enhance @entity5 contrast for CM.

title: In vivo real-time confocal reflectance microscopy: a noninvasive guide for Mohs micrographic surgery facilitated by XXXX , an excellent contrast enhancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity15484 :: ('MESH:C010845', 'Chemical') :: ['Aluminum chloride']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinoma', 'BCC']

answer: @entity15484 :: (MESH:C010845,Chemical) :: ['aluminum chloride']


abstract: 1. @entity1286 and opiate narcotics are potent analgesics that have a high propensity to induce tolerance and physical @entity734 following their repeated administration. 2. The molecular basis of @entity4784 has not been completely elucidated, although the participation of opioid receptors is a prerequisite. Cellular @entity734 on opioids is believed to result from the chronic stimulation of opioid-regulated signalling networks. 3. As G-protein-coupled receptors, the opioid receptors must rely on heterotrimeric G-proteins for signal transduction. Recent advances in our understanding of G-protein signalling have unveiled novel signalling molecules and mechanisms, some of which may be intricately involved in the manifestation of @entity4784 . 4. In the present review, we will attempt to trace chronic opioid signals along elaborate G-protein-regulated pathways.

title: Molecular basis of XXXX : role of signal regulation by G-proteins.

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opiate dependence']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['Morphine']

answer: @entity4784 :: (MESH:D009293,Disease) :: ['opioid dependence']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical expression of @entity6052 ( @entity6052 ) in @entity1 , their use of exogenous sex hormones, and the effects on @entity6052 . DESIGN: A retrospective population-based study. SUBJECTS: All @entity1 aged > or =18 years (n = 190) with DNA-diagnosed @entity6052 in northern Sweden. RESULTS: A total of 166 @entity1 (87%) participated; 91 (55%) had @entity6052 . Severe attacks were reported by 82%; 39% reported recurrent @entity6052 attacks and 22% reported chronic @entity6052 . Oral hormonal contraceptives had been used by 58% of all these @entity1 and by 50 with @entity6052 (57%). Twelve @entity1 (24%) associated oral contraceptives as precipitating @entity6052 attacks; in nine cases their first attack. One @entity1 experienced relief from @entity6052 . On commencing their treatment, 72% of the @entity1 with @entity6052 had not yet suffered their first attack. Twenty-two @entity1 (25%) aged > or =45 years had used hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) at menopause to remedy climacteric symptoms (the percutaneous route was most frequently used); no @entity6052 attack was precipitated. HRT to remedy vaginal dryness was used by 26 @entity1 (28%) aged > or =45 years without triggering an @entity6052 attack. Miscarriages were more frequent in @entity1 with @entity6052 (50%) than in the latent group (30%, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: About half of the @entity1 with @entity6052 had used oral hormonal contraceptives. As 25% of @entity1 with @entity6052 reported attacks associated with such drugs, caution must still be recommended. Menopausal HRT only rarely affected the disorder. @entity2208 was more common amongst @entity1 with @entity6052 .

title: Acute intermittent porphyria in XXXX : clinical expression, use and experience of exogenous sex hormones. A population-based study in northern Sweden.

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['Miscarriage']

entities_list: @entity6052 :: ('MESH:D017118', 'Disease') :: ['AIP', 'premenstrual AIP', 'AIP symptoms', 'manifest AIP', 'acute intermittent porphyria']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1381 ( @entity1381 ) is the life-threatenig sequela of @entity281 by Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing @entity526 (STEC) in @entity1 . @entity1 neutrophils specifically bind Stx through @entity2939 , the receptor of @entity558 . The binding could be considered protective (Stx sequestration) or harmful (toxin delivery to target organs). The amount of Stx on neutrophils is in equilibrium with the amount of Stx present in the gut, and it is also related to @entity16 . The @entity2939 -mediated interaction of @entity558 with innate immune cells is hampered by the well-known antibiotic @entity6414 . In this study, we show that the same antibiotic impairs the binding of Stx to neutrophils, also blocking their functional effects (release of @entity687 , formation of neutrophil/platelet aggregates) involved in @entity1381 pathogenesis. Controls for contaminating @entity558 in Stx-induced neutrophil responses inhibited by @entity6414 were performed. Stx interact with @entity1 neutrophils through their A chain, since these leukocytes do not express globotriaosylceramide, the specific receptor for Stx B chains. Consistently, @entity6414 blocked the enzymatic activity of @entity10952 , @entity23345 , @entity10952 chain, and the analogous plant protein gelonin, whereas the antibiotic did not show any protective effect on Stx-induced @entity137 in globotriaosylceramide-expressing Raji cells. Antibiotic administration is not recommended in @entity1 STEC infections during the prodromal intestinal phase, and the @entity137 of @entity6414 could further discourage its therapeutic use. However, nontoxic, nonbactericidal @entity3272 derivatives have been developed and might be used in animal models of @entity281 to study their efficacy in preventing the onset of @entity1381 during the systemic blood phase of Stx.

title: The Antibiotic XXXX Impairs the Interactions between Shiga Toxins and @entity1 Neutrophils.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['renal and neurologic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity6414 :: ('MESH:D011112', 'Chemical') :: ['polymyxin B']

entities_list: @entity3272 :: ('MESH:D011113', 'Chemical') :: ['polymyxin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['STEC infection', 'intestinal infections']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['HUS', 'Hemolytic uremic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity6414 :: (MESH:D011112,Chemical) :: ['Polymyxin B']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1381 ( @entity1381 ) is the life-threatenig sequela of @entity281 by Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing @entity526 (STEC) in @entity1 . @entity1 neutrophils specifically bind Stx through @entity2939 , the receptor of @entity558 . The binding could be considered protective (Stx sequestration) or harmful (toxin delivery to target organs). The amount of Stx on neutrophils is in equilibrium with the amount of Stx present in the gut, and it is also related to @entity16 . The @entity2939 -mediated interaction of @entity558 with innate immune cells is hampered by the well-known antibiotic @entity6414 . In this study, we show that the same antibiotic impairs the binding of Stx to neutrophils, also blocking their functional effects (release of @entity687 , formation of neutrophil/platelet aggregates) involved in @entity1381 pathogenesis. Controls for contaminating @entity558 in Stx-induced neutrophil responses inhibited by @entity6414 were performed. Stx interact with @entity1 neutrophils through their A chain, since these leukocytes do not express globotriaosylceramide, the specific receptor for Stx B chains. Consistently, @entity6414 blocked the enzymatic activity of @entity10952 , @entity23345 , @entity10952 chain, and the analogous plant protein gelonin, whereas the antibiotic did not show any protective effect on Stx-induced @entity137 in globotriaosylceramide-expressing Raji cells. Antibiotic administration is not recommended in @entity1 STEC infections during the prodromal intestinal phase, and the @entity137 of @entity6414 could further discourage its therapeutic use. However, nontoxic, nonbactericidal @entity3272 derivatives have been developed and might be used in animal models of @entity281 to study their efficacy in preventing the onset of @entity1381 during the systemic blood phase of Stx.

title: The Antibiotic @entity6414 Impairs the Interactions between Shiga Toxins and XXXX Neutrophils.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To translate and culturally adapt the Shoulder @entity158 and Disability Index (SPADI) into Brazilian-Portuguese and to assess its reliability. METHODS: The first step was the translation, synthesis, back-translation, revision by the committee, pre-testing and evaluation of documents by the committee and the author of the SPADI. The revised version by the committee was applied to 90 subjects with @entity409 , aged over 18 years from different education and sociocultural levels. The items misunderstood by 20% or more of @entity1 were reformulated and reapplied until they reach values lower than 20%. The second stage consisted of two applications of SPADI to 32 @entity1 with @entity409 in a interval ranging from 2 to 7 days. The data from the translation were analyzed descriptively, the test-retest reliability by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and the internal consistency by Cronbach's Alpha. RESULTS: Some expressions have been adapted to the Brazilian population and the items in the @entity158 and disability subscales were changed for an easier reading in Portuguese Language. The pre-test revealed a need to change only one item of the @entity158 domain and to administer the questionnaire by interview, since it was repeated three times and in the first two applications with self-reported questionnaire the @entity1 had not been reporting their symptoms with regards to the past week and also they have not been properly used the item "Not Applicable". The test-retest reliability ranged from 0.90 to 0.94 and the internal consistency ranged from 0.87 to 0.89. CONCLUSION: After the translation and cultural adaptation, it was obtained a reliable version of SPADI-Brazil.

title: The Brazilian version of Shoulder XXXX and Disability Index: translation, cultural adaptation and reliability.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['shoulder dysfunction']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: Expression of the @entity1980 am ( @entity1110 -specific @entity2227 dehydrogenase) gene is controlled by two upstream enhancer-like elements designated URSam alpha and URSam beta. URSam alpha is localized between - 1.3 and - 1.4 kb with respect to the major transcriptional start site. Deletion of a 90 bp sequence containing this element resulted in the loss of approximately 50% of normal @entity2227 dehydrogenase expression. Gel mobility shift analysis indicated that a nuclear protein from @entity1980 binds in a specific manner to sequences within the 90 bp fragment. We have now used a combination of ion-exchange and affinity chromatography to purify this nuclear protein, which we call Am Alpha Binding protein (AAB). The activity was monitored by gel shift analysis. The protein was purified more than 14,000-fold with a yield of approximately 7%. The purified protein appears as a heteromer on denaturing @entity2975 gel electrophoresis, with only two strong bands visible in @entity575 -stained preparations. One band has an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa, the other appears as a doublet with an apparent molecular mass of 30 kDa. DNAse I protection analysis indicated a protected region consisting of 30 bp, which contains a CCAAT pentanucleotide motif. Mutagenesis of the CCAAT motif abolished the binding of AAB to the DNA fragment.

title: Purification of a heteromeric CCAAT binding protein from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1980 :: ('5141', 'Species') :: ['Neurospora', 'Neurospora crassa']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

answer: @entity1980 :: (5141,Species) :: ['Neurospora crassa']


abstract: Superolateral dislocation of the intact mandibular condyle (SDIMC) is rare. This case report focuses on a 15-year-old teenager who was involved in a motor vehicle accident as well a literature review regarding the SDIMC. Clinical examination demonstrated a diffuse @entity4 in the midfacial area and a left lateral deflection of the mandible, including an open bite and a crepitation in the symphyseal region. Three-dimensional computed tomography scans were taken, which presented a superolateral dislocation of the left mandibular condyle as well as panfacial @entity174 . The @entity1 was set in intermaxillary fixation for 2 weeks and underwent subsequent active jaw physiotherapy, the evaluation of which presented satisfactory results. This case study also presents a literature review, which demonstrated 21 well-documented cases of SDIMC. The @entity1 ' mean age was of 29 years. The male gender proved to be more prevalent, with road traffic collisions representing the most common form of accident. Type II, with unilateral dislocation, proved to be the most common. The mean reduction time was 7 days. The open methods were the most commonly used reduction methods. Mandible @entity174 was associated with dislocation in 82% of the cases, with other @entity174 appearing in only 23% of the cases. @entity1 follow up presented satisfactory results in 59% of the cases.

title: Superolateral dislocation of the intact mandibular condyle associated with panfacial XXXX : a case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['facial fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: The work is based on two years studied cases. It consists of 80 @entity1 between 35 and 80 years old with leg @entity1066 (73.8% @entity1 and 26.2% @entity1 ). In 80% of @entity1 this affection is due to a @entity66 . In 10% of cases the cause was an @entity9085 of the lower extremity. Lymphatic and extravascular diseases are rarely involved. A group of 54 @entity1 was treated with a traditional method. In the remaining 26 @entity1 we used fibrin glue. Leg @entity1066 are an evolutive chronic pathology characterized by slow recovery. This means expensive social and therapeutic costs. From this point of view the treatment with fibrin glue, weekly applied, besides reducing @entity158 , has a favourable impact on the outcome, times of re-epithelialization are shortened.

title: [Treatment of leg XXXX with fibrin glue].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['venous disease']

entities_list: @entity9085 :: ('MESH:D014715', 'Disease') :: ['arterial insufficiency']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Members of the legume genus Lupinus exude phloem 'spontaneously' from incisions made to the vasculature. This feature was exploited to document macromolecules present in exudate of white @entity16413 (Lupinus albus [L.] cv Kiev mutant), in particular to identify proteins and RNA molecules, including microRNA (miRNA). RESULTS: Proteomic analysis tentatively identified 86 proteins from 130 spots collected from 2D gels analysed by partial @entity535 sequence determination using @entity15 / @entity15 . Analysis of a cDNA library constructed from exudate identified 609 unique transcripts. Both proteins and transcripts were classified into functional groups. The largest group of proteins comprised those involved in metabolism (24%), followed by protein modification/turnover (9%), redox regulation (8%), cell structural components (6%), stress and defence response (6%) with fewer in other groups. More prominent proteins were cyclophilin, ubiquitin, a @entity2228 -rich RNA-binding protein, a group of proteins that comprise a @entity2041 / @entity9050 -based mechanism to scavenge @entity26 radicals, enzymes of glycolysis and other metabolism including @entity1853 and @entity1786 synthesis. Potential signalling macromolecules such as transcripts encoding proteins mediating @entity460 level and the Flowering locus T (FT) protein were also identified. From around 330 small RNA clones (18-25 nt) 12 were identified as probable miRNAs by homology with those from other species. miRNA composition of exudate varied with site of collection (e.g. upward versus downward translocation streams) and nutrition (e.g. @entity3151 level). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first inventory of macromolecule composition of phloem exudate from a species in the Fabaceae, providing a basis to identify systemic signalling macromolecules with potential roles in regulating development, growth and stress response of legumes.

title: Macromolecular composition of phloem exudate from white XXXX (Lupinus albus L.).

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity9050 :: ('CHEBI:38290', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbate']

entities_list: @entity1786 :: ('MESH:C036216', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylene']

answer: @entity16413 :: (51251,Gene) :: ['lupin']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This descriptive cohort study investigated a physical therapy program of pelvic-floor neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES) combined with exercises, with the aim of developing a simple, inexpensive, and conservative treatment for postpartum genuine @entity3142 (GSI). SUBJECTS: Eight female subjects with urodynamically established GSI persisting more than 3 months after delivery participated in the study. The subjects ranged in age from 24 to 37 years (X = 32, SD = 4.2). METHODS: This was a descriptive multiple-subject cohort study. Each subject received a total of nine treatment sessions during 3 consecutive weeks, consisting of two 15-minute sessions of NMES followed by a 15-minute pelvic-floor muscle exercise program. @entity1 also practiced daily pelvic-floor exercises during the 3-week treatment period. The treatment intervention was measured using three separate variables. Maximum muscle contractions (pretraining, during training, and post-training) were measured indirectly as pressure, using perineometry. Urine loss pretraining and posttraining was measured by means of a Pad test. Self-reported frequency of @entity322 was recorded daily throughout the period of the study, using a diary. Data were analyzed using a one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), a Wilcoxon signed-ranks test, and a Friedman two-way ANOVA by ranks. RESULTS: The results indicated that maximum pressure generated by pelvic-floor contractions was greater and both the quantity of urine loss and the frequency of @entity322 were lower following the implementation of the physical therapy program. Five subjects became continent, and three others improved. A follow-up survey 1 year later confirmed the consistency of these results. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: The results suggest that the proposed physical therapy program may influence postpartum GSI. Further studies are needed to validate this simple, inexpensive, and conservative physical therapy protocol. [Dumoulin C, Seaborne DE, Quirion-DeGirardi C, Sullivan SJ. Pelvic-floor rehabilitation, part 2: pelvic-floor reeducation with interferential currents and exercise in the treatment of genuine @entity3142 in postpartum @entity1 --a cohort study.

title: Pelvic-floor rehabilitation, Part 2: Pelvic-floor reeducation with interferential currents and exercise in the treatment of genuine XXXX in postpartum @entity1 --a cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress incontinence']

answer: @entity3142 :: (MESH:D014550,Disease) :: ['stress incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This descriptive cohort study investigated a physical therapy program of pelvic-floor neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES) combined with exercises, with the aim of developing a simple, inexpensive, and conservative treatment for postpartum genuine @entity3142 (GSI). SUBJECTS: Eight female subjects with urodynamically established GSI persisting more than 3 months after delivery participated in the study. The subjects ranged in age from 24 to 37 years (X = 32, SD = 4.2). METHODS: This was a descriptive multiple-subject cohort study. Each subject received a total of nine treatment sessions during 3 consecutive weeks, consisting of two 15-minute sessions of NMES followed by a 15-minute pelvic-floor muscle exercise program. @entity1 also practiced daily pelvic-floor exercises during the 3-week treatment period. The treatment intervention was measured using three separate variables. Maximum muscle contractions (pretraining, during training, and post-training) were measured indirectly as pressure, using perineometry. Urine loss pretraining and posttraining was measured by means of a Pad test. Self-reported frequency of @entity322 was recorded daily throughout the period of the study, using a diary. Data were analyzed using a one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), a Wilcoxon signed-ranks test, and a Friedman two-way ANOVA by ranks. RESULTS: The results indicated that maximum pressure generated by pelvic-floor contractions was greater and both the quantity of urine loss and the frequency of @entity322 were lower following the implementation of the physical therapy program. Five subjects became continent, and three others improved. A follow-up survey 1 year later confirmed the consistency of these results. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: The results suggest that the proposed physical therapy program may influence postpartum GSI. Further studies are needed to validate this simple, inexpensive, and conservative physical therapy protocol. [Dumoulin C, Seaborne DE, Quirion-DeGirardi C, Sullivan SJ. Pelvic-floor rehabilitation, part 2: pelvic-floor reeducation with interferential currents and exercise in the treatment of genuine @entity3142 in postpartum @entity1 --a cohort study.

title: Pelvic-floor rehabilitation, Part 2: Pelvic-floor reeducation with interferential currents and exercise in the treatment of genuine @entity3142 in postpartum XXXX --a cohort study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity2555 ( @entity2556 ) are ubiquitous in the marine environment, occurring at their highest environmental concentrations around urban centers. While they can occur naturally, the highest concentrations are mainly from @entity1 activities, and the primary sources are combustion products and petroleum. Two factors, lipid and organic @entity505 , control to a large extent the partitioning behavior of @entity2556 in sediment, water, and tissue; the more hydrophobic a compound, the greater the partitioning to these phases. These two factors, along with the @entity10333 -water partition coefficient, are the best predictors of this partitioning and can be used to determine @entity2556 behavior and its bioavailability in the environment. It is well known that the lipid of organisms contains the highest levels of hydrophobic compounds such as @entity2556 , and that organic @entity505 associated with sediment or dissolved in water can have the greatest influence on @entity2556 bioavailability. Partitioning of combustion-derived @entity2556 between water and sediment may be much less than predicted, possibly because associations with particles are much stronger than expected. This reduced partitioning may produce erroneous results in predicting bioaccumulation where uptake from water is important. Accumulation of @entity2556 occurs in all marine organisms; however, there is a wide range in tissue concentrations from variable environmental concentrations, level and time of exposure, and species ability to metabolize these compounds. @entity2556 generally partition into lipid-rich tissues, and their metabolites can be found in most tissues. In fish, liver and bile accumulate the highest levels of parent @entity2556 and metabolites; hence, these are the best tissues to analyze when determining @entity2556 exposure. In invertebrates, the highest concentrations can be found in the internal organs, such as the hepatopancreas, and tissue concentrations appear to follow seasonal cycles, which may be related to variations in lipid content or spawning cycles. The major route of uptake for @entity2556 has been debated for years. For the more water-soluble @entity2556 , it is believed that the main route of uptake is through ventilated water and that the more hydrophobic compounds are taken in mainly through ingestion of food or sediment. There are many variables, such as chemical hydrophobicity, uptake efficiency, feeding rate, and ventilatory volume, which may affect the outcome. The route of uptake may be an important issue for short-term events; however, under long-term exposure and equilibrium conditions between water, prey, and sediment, the route of uptake may be immaterial because the same tissue burdens will be achieved regardless of uptake routes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Bioaccumulation of XXXX by marine organisms.

entities_list: @entity2555 :: ('MESH:D011084', 'Chemical') :: ['Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']

answer: @entity2555 :: (MESH:D011084,Chemical) :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']


abstract: A variety of cytogenetic aberrations have been reported in sporadic and @entity1358 . Rearrangements of the short arm of chromosome 3 (3p), trisomy 17, and nuclear hyperdiploidy have been reported to be common clonal chromosome changes. We analyzed a total of ten @entity5 -derived cell lines from @entity1 who underwent nephrectomy for @entity1358 employing conventional cytogenetics. All @entity1 received an immunomodulatory therapy based on recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 ). @entity5 stage and grade, histo- and cytopathology, and @entity1 ' response to immunotherapy were assessed and correlated statistically to rearrangement of 3p, trisomy 17, and nuclear hyperdiploidy. @entity54336 as clonal aberration could be revealed only in @entity1358 , whereas @entity5 with compact or tubulopapillary growth pattern lacked this abnormality (p < 0.002). One of 3 @entity1 with diploid or near-diploid karyotype (< or = 49 chromosomes) achieved a partial remission while two presented with stable disease after immunotherapy. In contrast, all 6 @entity1 with @entity5 progression upon @entity5041 -based immunotherapy revealed @entity981 (> 49 chromosomes) karyotypes. The correlation between hyperdiploidy and @entity5 progression was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.029). Interestingly, the only @entity1 achieving an objective @entity5 remission after immunotherapy presented with a normal diploid karyotype. Our findings suggest @entity5 hyperdiploidy as an adverse prognostic factor in @entity1358 @entity1 receiving @entity5041 -based immunotherapy.

title: Cytogenetic studies in XXXX @entity1 receiving low-dose recombinant @entity1199 -based immunotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['hyperdiploid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['familial renal cell carcinoma', 'renal cell carcinoma', 'papillary renal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: A variety of cytogenetic aberrations have been reported in sporadic and @entity1358 . Rearrangements of the short arm of chromosome 3 (3p), trisomy 17, and nuclear hyperdiploidy have been reported to be common clonal chromosome changes. We analyzed a total of ten @entity5 -derived cell lines from @entity1 who underwent nephrectomy for @entity1358 employing conventional cytogenetics. All @entity1 received an immunomodulatory therapy based on recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 ). @entity5 stage and grade, histo- and cytopathology, and @entity1 ' response to immunotherapy were assessed and correlated statistically to rearrangement of 3p, trisomy 17, and nuclear hyperdiploidy. @entity54336 as clonal aberration could be revealed only in @entity1358 , whereas @entity5 with compact or tubulopapillary growth pattern lacked this abnormality (p < 0.002). One of 3 @entity1 with diploid or near-diploid karyotype (< or = 49 chromosomes) achieved a partial remission while two presented with stable disease after immunotherapy. In contrast, all 6 @entity1 with @entity5 progression upon @entity5041 -based immunotherapy revealed @entity981 (> 49 chromosomes) karyotypes. The correlation between hyperdiploidy and @entity5 progression was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.029). Interestingly, the only @entity1 achieving an objective @entity5 remission after immunotherapy presented with a normal diploid karyotype. Our findings suggest @entity5 hyperdiploidy as an adverse prognostic factor in @entity1358 @entity1 receiving @entity5041 -based immunotherapy.

title: Cytogenetic studies in @entity1358 @entity1 receiving low-dose recombinant XXXX -based immunotherapy.

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: A variety of cytogenetic aberrations have been reported in sporadic and @entity1358 . Rearrangements of the short arm of chromosome 3 (3p), trisomy 17, and nuclear hyperdiploidy have been reported to be common clonal chromosome changes. We analyzed a total of ten @entity5 -derived cell lines from @entity1 who underwent nephrectomy for @entity1358 employing conventional cytogenetics. All @entity1 received an immunomodulatory therapy based on recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 ). @entity5 stage and grade, histo- and cytopathology, and @entity1 ' response to immunotherapy were assessed and correlated statistically to rearrangement of 3p, trisomy 17, and nuclear hyperdiploidy. @entity54336 as clonal aberration could be revealed only in @entity1358 , whereas @entity5 with compact or tubulopapillary growth pattern lacked this abnormality (p < 0.002). One of 3 @entity1 with diploid or near-diploid karyotype (< or = 49 chromosomes) achieved a partial remission while two presented with stable disease after immunotherapy. In contrast, all 6 @entity1 with @entity5 progression upon @entity5041 -based immunotherapy revealed @entity981 (> 49 chromosomes) karyotypes. The correlation between hyperdiploidy and @entity5 progression was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.029). Interestingly, the only @entity1 achieving an objective @entity5 remission after immunotherapy presented with a normal diploid karyotype. Our findings suggest @entity5 hyperdiploidy as an adverse prognostic factor in @entity1358 @entity1 receiving @entity5041 -based immunotherapy.

title: Cytogenetic studies in @entity1358 XXXX receiving low-dose recombinant @entity1199 -based immunotherapy.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity731 and its consequences account for most morbidity and mortality in Western countries. @entity731 develops over a period of decades and has a complex pathogenesis. It is a disease of the intima and primarily involves four cell types, i.e. endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, monocytes and platelets. In recent years, elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of these cells, and their alterations by cardiovascular risk factors and in @entity731 , has markedly expanded knowledge of this disease. In particular, it became clear that endothelial cells play a crucial role in the regulation of platelet function and coagulation, as well as vascular tone and structure. Interestingly, @entity409 occurs early on in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors such as @entity407 , @entity101 and @entity6 . This could lead to adhesion of circulating platelets and monocytes, increased accumulation of lipids in the subintima, increased contraction, migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. The fact that @entity731 develops only in some but not in other parts of the circulation, however, has rarely been considered. With the development of molecular biology it has now become possible to clone differentially expressed genes in vessels with or without @entity731 ; this in turn makes it possible to characterize better the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the disease. The search for such candidate genes could form the basis for future genetic interventions. This therapeutic approach is likely to assume clinical importance, particularly in monogenetic diseases (i.e. @entity1007 ), while its use in complex polygenetic diseases such as @entity731 is more difficult. @entity256 , however, may be accessible to gene therapy earlier on as it is accessible to local gene transfection.

title: [Molecular medicine and gene therapy as exemplified with arteriosclerosis and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['familial hypercholesteremia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['Restenosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity256 :: (MESH:D023903,Disease) :: ['restenosis']


abstract: @entity37661 , often used synonymously with @entity21204 , is a form of @entity281 in the peritonsillar area associated with a @entity2268 and caused by the strict anaerobic species Fusobacterium necrophorum. The @entity715 formed affects the internal jugular vein, from which the bacteria are seeded out in the bloodstream and cause @entity2259 . @entity295 is a common complication with an often fatal outcome. @entity37661 is very rare and is referred to as the 'forgotten disease'. It is probably frequently overlooked in clinical practice in its early and milder forms such as @entity5389 (sore throat) and peritonsillar abscess. F. necrophorum frequently participates in these @entity281 and is thus suspected to have an etiological role in @entity21204 . Similarly, F. necrophorum seems to play an important role in @entity39291 ( @entity39291 ) and this disease is also included in the @entity37661 complex. Diagnosis of @entity281 complex seeks to disclose F. necrophorum in swab samples or blood culture. The most commonly used therapy is @entity868 in combination with @entity114 or @entity115 . @entity3402 is also an option, especially in cases of @entity114 @entity566 .

title: XXXX in humans.

entities_list: @entity37661 :: ('MESH:D005674', 'Disease') :: ['necrobacillosis', 'Necrobacillosis']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['Septicemia']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity2268 :: ('MESH:D013924', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophlebitis']

entities_list: @entity5389 :: ('MESH:D014069', 'Disease') :: ['tonsillitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['abscess infection', 'infections', 'infections of the necrobacillosis']

entities_list: @entity21204 :: ('MESH:D057831', 'Disease') :: ["Lemierre's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity39291 :: ('MESH:D009625', 'Disease') :: ['cancrum oris', 'noma']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['Clindamycin']

answer: @entity37661 :: (MESH:D005674,Disease) :: ['Necrobacillosis']


abstract: The repair of @entity357 , @entity357 , is technically challenging and controversial. The approach to repair has shifted from thoracic to open abdominal to laparoscopic, which appears to be the current standard. High recurrence rates have been reported with laparoscopic procedures, but these are anatomic recurrences that are largely asymptomatic. Symptomatic recurrences with laparoscopic procedures appear to be similar to those seen with open abdominal procedures, but without the additional morbidity conferred by laparotomy. In the last decade, several studies have reported improved rates of recurrence using prosthetic meshes that have decreased even radiologic recurrence rates to below 5%. However, this has come at the price of rare but serious complications such as @entity2681 and @entity82 . Mesh repair appears to be associated with a higher perioperative rate of @entity1282 , which tends to resolve within the intervening months. Biologic meshes have been implemented in an attempt to obtain the buttressing effect of prosthetic meshes without the complications of @entity281 . Early results have not proven biologic meshes to be as effective in reducing recurrence rates as prosthetic meshes, but there are currently no reports of @entity2681 . Continued research is needed to elicit the optimal type of repair and mesh.

title: Repair of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['specifically giant hiatal hernias', 'hiatal hernias']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['erosion or infection']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity357 :: (MESH:D006551,Disease) :: ['giant hiatal hernia']


abstract: AIM: @entity810 ( @entity810 ) is a common complication in @entity2926 . The aim of this study is to investigate the association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality in @entity2926 -associated @entity810 . METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in @entity1 with @entity2926 admitted to tertiary hospitals in Brazil. The association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality was investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to investigate risk factors for @entity204 . RESULTS: A total of 287 @entity1 were included, with an average age of 37    16 years, and 80.8% were male. Overall mortality was 13%. There was a significant association between these classifications and @entity204 . Among non-survivors, 86% were in the class 'failure' and AKIN 3. Increased mortality was observed according to the worse classifications: 'risk' (R; 2%), 'injury' (I; 8%) and 'failure' (F; 23%), as well as in AKIN 1 (2%), AKIN 2 (8%) and AKIN 3 (23%) (P < 0.0001). The worst classifications were significantly associated with @entity204 : RIFLE F (odds ratio = 11.6, P = 0.018) and AKIN 3 (odds ratio = 12.8, P = 0.013). Receiver-operator curve for @entity1 with @entity810 showed high areas under the curve (0.71, 95% confidence interval = 0.67-0.74) for both RIFLE and AKIN classifications in determining the sensitivity for mortality. CONCLUSION: There is a significant association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality in @entity1 with @entity2926 . Initiation of dialysis in @entity1 with RIFLE F and AKIN 3 should always be considered.

title: RIFLE and @entity810 Network classifications predict mortality in XXXX -associated @entity810 .

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['leptospirosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'Acute kidney injury']

answer: @entity2926 :: (MESH:D007922,Disease) :: ['leptospirosis']


abstract: AIM: @entity810 ( @entity810 ) is a common complication in @entity2926 . The aim of this study is to investigate the association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality in @entity2926 -associated @entity810 . METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in @entity1 with @entity2926 admitted to tertiary hospitals in Brazil. The association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality was investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to investigate risk factors for @entity204 . RESULTS: A total of 287 @entity1 were included, with an average age of 37    16 years, and 80.8% were male. Overall mortality was 13%. There was a significant association between these classifications and @entity204 . Among non-survivors, 86% were in the class 'failure' and AKIN 3. Increased mortality was observed according to the worse classifications: 'risk' (R; 2%), 'injury' (I; 8%) and 'failure' (F; 23%), as well as in AKIN 1 (2%), AKIN 2 (8%) and AKIN 3 (23%) (P < 0.0001). The worst classifications were significantly associated with @entity204 : RIFLE F (odds ratio = 11.6, P = 0.018) and AKIN 3 (odds ratio = 12.8, P = 0.013). Receiver-operator curve for @entity1 with @entity810 showed high areas under the curve (0.71, 95% confidence interval = 0.67-0.74) for both RIFLE and AKIN classifications in determining the sensitivity for mortality. CONCLUSION: There is a significant association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality in @entity1 with @entity2926 . Initiation of dialysis in @entity1 with RIFLE F and AKIN 3 should always be considered.

title: RIFLE and XXXX Network classifications predict mortality in @entity2926 -associated @entity810 .

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['Acute Kidney Injury']


abstract: AIM: @entity810 ( @entity810 ) is a common complication in @entity2926 . The aim of this study is to investigate the association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality in @entity2926 -associated @entity810 . METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in @entity1 with @entity2926 admitted to tertiary hospitals in Brazil. The association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality was investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to investigate risk factors for @entity204 . RESULTS: A total of 287 @entity1 were included, with an average age of 37    16 years, and 80.8% were male. Overall mortality was 13%. There was a significant association between these classifications and @entity204 . Among non-survivors, 86% were in the class 'failure' and AKIN 3. Increased mortality was observed according to the worse classifications: 'risk' (R; 2%), 'injury' (I; 8%) and 'failure' (F; 23%), as well as in AKIN 1 (2%), AKIN 2 (8%) and AKIN 3 (23%) (P < 0.0001). The worst classifications were significantly associated with @entity204 : RIFLE F (odds ratio = 11.6, P = 0.018) and AKIN 3 (odds ratio = 12.8, P = 0.013). Receiver-operator curve for @entity1 with @entity810 showed high areas under the curve (0.71, 95% confidence interval = 0.67-0.74) for both RIFLE and AKIN classifications in determining the sensitivity for mortality. CONCLUSION: There is a significant association between RIFLE and AKIN classifications with mortality in @entity1 with @entity2926 . Initiation of dialysis in @entity1 with RIFLE F and AKIN 3 should always be considered.

title: RIFLE and @entity810 Network classifications predict mortality in @entity2926 -associated XXXX .

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute kidney injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity729 ( @entity729 ) contributes to @entity65 in haemodialysis (HD) @entity1 . Few controlled studies have addressed interventions to reduce @entity729 but non- @entity460 -based @entity1391 binders may be beneficial. No published randomized study to date has assessed the effect of @entity19006 (LC) on @entity729 progression. METHODS: We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of LC on @entity729 . Forty-five HD @entity1 were randomized to either LC or @entity4959 (CC). Primary outcome was change in aortic @entity729 after 18 months. Secondary outcomes included superficial femoral artery (SFA) @entity729 , @entity79 ( @entity79 ) of lumbar spine and serum markers of mineral metabolism. At baseline, 6 and 18 month computed tomography was performed to measure @entity729 and @entity79 . A random effect linear regression model was performed to assess differences. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 completed the study (17 LC, 13 CC); baseline median age 58 years, 38% @entity6 , 64% male. Ninety-three per cent had aortic @entity729 at commencement and 87% showed progression. At 18 months, there was significantly less aortic @entity729 progression with LC than CC (adjusted difference -98.1 (-149.4, -46.8) Hounsfield units (HU), P < 0.001). There was also a non-significant reduction with LC in left SFA @entity729 (-25.8 (-67.7, 16.1) HU, P = 0.2) and right SFA @entity729 (-35.9 (-77.8, 5.9) HU, P = 0.09). There was no difference in lumbar spine @entity79 and serum @entity1391 , @entity460 and parathyroid hormone levels between groups. Limitations to the study include small sample size and loss to follow up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity19006 was associated with reduced progression of @entity730 compared with CC in HD @entity1 over 18 months.

title: Attenuation of @entity730 with @entity19006 versus @entity460 -based XXXX binders in haemodialysis: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity19006 :: ('MESH:C119467', 'Chemical') :: ['lanthanum carbonate', 'Lanthanum carbonate']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['aortic calcification']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity4959 :: ('MESH:D002119', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium carbonate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular calcification', 'VC']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1391 :: (CHEBI:26020,Chemical) :: ['phosphate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity729 ( @entity729 ) contributes to @entity65 in haemodialysis (HD) @entity1 . Few controlled studies have addressed interventions to reduce @entity729 but non- @entity460 -based @entity1391 binders may be beneficial. No published randomized study to date has assessed the effect of @entity19006 (LC) on @entity729 progression. METHODS: We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of LC on @entity729 . Forty-five HD @entity1 were randomized to either LC or @entity4959 (CC). Primary outcome was change in aortic @entity729 after 18 months. Secondary outcomes included superficial femoral artery (SFA) @entity729 , @entity79 ( @entity79 ) of lumbar spine and serum markers of mineral metabolism. At baseline, 6 and 18 month computed tomography was performed to measure @entity729 and @entity79 . A random effect linear regression model was performed to assess differences. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 completed the study (17 LC, 13 CC); baseline median age 58 years, 38% @entity6 , 64% male. Ninety-three per cent had aortic @entity729 at commencement and 87% showed progression. At 18 months, there was significantly less aortic @entity729 progression with LC than CC (adjusted difference -98.1 (-149.4, -46.8) Hounsfield units (HU), P < 0.001). There was also a non-significant reduction with LC in left SFA @entity729 (-25.8 (-67.7, 16.1) HU, P = 0.2) and right SFA @entity729 (-35.9 (-77.8, 5.9) HU, P = 0.09). There was no difference in lumbar spine @entity79 and serum @entity1391 , @entity460 and parathyroid hormone levels between groups. Limitations to the study include small sample size and loss to follow up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity19006 was associated with reduced progression of @entity730 compared with CC in HD @entity1 over 18 months.

title: Attenuation of @entity730 with XXXX versus @entity460 -based @entity1391 binders in haemodialysis: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity19006 :: (MESH:C119467,Chemical) :: ['lanthanum carbonate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity729 ( @entity729 ) contributes to @entity65 in haemodialysis (HD) @entity1 . Few controlled studies have addressed interventions to reduce @entity729 but non- @entity460 -based @entity1391 binders may be beneficial. No published randomized study to date has assessed the effect of @entity19006 (LC) on @entity729 progression. METHODS: We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of LC on @entity729 . Forty-five HD @entity1 were randomized to either LC or @entity4959 (CC). Primary outcome was change in aortic @entity729 after 18 months. Secondary outcomes included superficial femoral artery (SFA) @entity729 , @entity79 ( @entity79 ) of lumbar spine and serum markers of mineral metabolism. At baseline, 6 and 18 month computed tomography was performed to measure @entity729 and @entity79 . A random effect linear regression model was performed to assess differences. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 completed the study (17 LC, 13 CC); baseline median age 58 years, 38% @entity6 , 64% male. Ninety-three per cent had aortic @entity729 at commencement and 87% showed progression. At 18 months, there was significantly less aortic @entity729 progression with LC than CC (adjusted difference -98.1 (-149.4, -46.8) Hounsfield units (HU), P < 0.001). There was also a non-significant reduction with LC in left SFA @entity729 (-25.8 (-67.7, 16.1) HU, P = 0.2) and right SFA @entity729 (-35.9 (-77.8, 5.9) HU, P = 0.09). There was no difference in lumbar spine @entity79 and serum @entity1391 , @entity460 and parathyroid hormone levels between groups. Limitations to the study include small sample size and loss to follow up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity19006 was associated with reduced progression of @entity730 compared with CC in HD @entity1 over 18 months.

title: Attenuation of @entity730 with @entity19006 versus XXXX -based @entity1391 binders in haemodialysis: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity729 ( @entity729 ) contributes to @entity65 in haemodialysis (HD) @entity1 . Few controlled studies have addressed interventions to reduce @entity729 but non- @entity460 -based @entity1391 binders may be beneficial. No published randomized study to date has assessed the effect of @entity19006 (LC) on @entity729 progression. METHODS: We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of LC on @entity729 . Forty-five HD @entity1 were randomized to either LC or @entity4959 (CC). Primary outcome was change in aortic @entity729 after 18 months. Secondary outcomes included superficial femoral artery (SFA) @entity729 , @entity79 ( @entity79 ) of lumbar spine and serum markers of mineral metabolism. At baseline, 6 and 18 month computed tomography was performed to measure @entity729 and @entity79 . A random effect linear regression model was performed to assess differences. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 completed the study (17 LC, 13 CC); baseline median age 58 years, 38% @entity6 , 64% male. Ninety-three per cent had aortic @entity729 at commencement and 87% showed progression. At 18 months, there was significantly less aortic @entity729 progression with LC than CC (adjusted difference -98.1 (-149.4, -46.8) Hounsfield units (HU), P < 0.001). There was also a non-significant reduction with LC in left SFA @entity729 (-25.8 (-67.7, 16.1) HU, P = 0.2) and right SFA @entity729 (-35.9 (-77.8, 5.9) HU, P = 0.09). There was no difference in lumbar spine @entity79 and serum @entity1391 , @entity460 and parathyroid hormone levels between groups. Limitations to the study include small sample size and loss to follow up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity19006 was associated with reduced progression of @entity730 compared with CC in HD @entity1 over 18 months.

title: Attenuation of XXXX with @entity19006 versus @entity460 -based @entity1391 binders in haemodialysis: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity730 :: (MESH:D002114,Disease) :: ['aortic calcification']


abstract: Parental behaviors involve complex social recognition and memory processes and interactive behavior with @entity1 that can greatly facilitate healthy @entity1 family life. Fathers play a substantial role in @entity1 care in a small but significant number of mammals, including @entity1 . However, the brain mechanism that controls male parental behavior is much less understood than that controlling female parental behavior. Fathers of non-monogamous laboratory ICR @entity19 are an interesting model for examining the factors that influence paternal responsiveness because sires can exhibit maternal-like parental care (retrieval of pups) when separated from their pups along with their pairmates because of olfactory and auditory signals from the dams. Here we tested whether paternal behavior is related to femininity by the aromatization of @entity251 . For this purpose, we measured the immunoreactivity of aromatase [ @entity4819 ( @entity4819 )], which synthesizes @entity172 from @entity342 , in nine brain regions of the sire. We observed higher levels of aromatase expression in these areas of the sire brain when they engaged in communicative interactions with dams in separate cages. Interestingly, the number of nuclei with aromatase immunoreactivity in sires left together with maternal mates in the home cage after pup-removing was significantly larger than that in sires housed with a whole family. The capacity of sires to retrieve pups was increased following a period of 5 days spent with the pups as a whole family after parturition, whereas the acquisition of this ability was suppressed in sires treated daily with an aromatase inhibitor. The results demonstrate that the dam significantly stimulates aromatase in the male brain and that the presence of the pups has an inhibitory effect on this increase. These results also suggest that brain aromatization regulates the initiation, development, and maintenance of paternal behavior in the ICR male @entity19 .

title: Paternal Retrieval Behavior Regulated by Brain Estrogen Synthetase (Aromatase) in XXXX Sires that Engage in Communicative Interactions with Pairmates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'humans', 'human', 'child']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']


abstract: The appendectomies for @entity697 are the most frequent surgical interventions (43.6%) in our service. The recent studies demonstrated the feasibility and the economical gain of the early oral feeding vs. classic oral feeding, after elective digestive surgery. We wanted to spread these results therefore to the appendectomy for @entity697 . It is about a prospective survey carrying on 110 @entity1 also left in two groups, and comparing the classic postoperative oral feeding vs. the early postoperative oral feeding on one year. The two groups were comparable and the studied parameters were : the length of the @entity86 , the hospitable morbidity, the length of the hospitalization and the cost of the hold in charge. The length of the @entity86 was not different in the two groups as well as the morbidity. The difference of the median length of hospitalization in the two groups was not meaningful. The cost of the hold in charge was meaningfully more elevated in the group with classic postoperative feeding. In conclusion, the early postoperative oral feeding in our survey doesn't reduce the length of the @entity86 and don't drag a morbidity anymore that the classic oral feeding. However if it doesn't shorten the length of the hospitalization, it drags a reduction of the cost of the hold in charge. There is a gain therefore precociously to nourish the @entity1 after appendectomy for @entity697 .

title: [Early oral feeding versus classic oral feeding after appendicectomy for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative ileus']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute appendicitis']


abstract: Chronic mechanical stress of the heart by @entity101 is a primary cause of @entity4346 . The cardiac renin-angiotensin system is often found activated in conditions of increased afterload or mechanical stress of myocytes. Cardiac expression of angiotensinogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity1811 ) is increased resulting in elevated cardiac @entity1808 formation. This has been demonstrated in stretched cardiac myocytes in vitro as well as in animal models of pressure overload @entity1184 ( @entity7196 and spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 ) and in @entity1 pressure overload @entity1184 ( @entity472 ). Functional consequences of elevated @entity1808 levels may be vasoconstriction of the coronary vasculature and a deterioration of diastolic function of the hypertrophied heart. Local formation of @entity1808 may also have proliferative effects on cardiac myocytes and connective tissue cells. @entity1808 may, thus, be an important factor causing development and progression of @entity4346 by itself. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system has been found to be an effective treatment of @entity101 , probably better than any other antihypertensive medication. Regression of @entity4346 has been achieved by blockade of the @entity1808 pathway either by administration of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an @entity11154 blocker. The animal model of @entity7196 has been used to show beneficial effects of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system on @entity1184 and survival. In this @entity35 model regression of @entity4346 by @entity1811 -inhibition or @entity11154 blockade could be demonstrated by serial echocardiographic analyses while afterload of the left ventricle was still elevated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Role of the cardiac renin-angiotensin system in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive heart disease', 'arterial hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity7196 :: ('MESH:D021921', 'Disease') :: ['supravalvular aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1808 :: ('24179(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['Angiotensin II', 'angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity11154 :: ('81638(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II type 1-receptor']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive heart disease']


abstract: OBJECT: Over the past 15 years, vertebroplasty has emerged as a treatment for @entity3814 . This technique, however, does not restore vertebral height and is associated with a high rate of cement leakage. Recently, kyphoplasty was developed in an effort to circumvent this problem. Although its immediate results have been reported, it is unclear whether the benefits endure. METHODS: Seventy-eight consecutive @entity1 underwent 188 kyphoplasty procedures. The @entity1 responded to Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaires, a visual analog scale (VAS) for @entity158 rating, and the @entity717 index (ODI) instrument; additionally they underwent detailed neurological and radiographic examinations pre- and postoperatively. The preoperative SF-36, VAS, and ODI scores, the neurological examination results, and the radiographic data were compared with the postoperative findings. Thirteen @entity1 died of disease progression or unrelated illness. Of the surviving @entity1 , complete data were available in 62% (minimum follow-up period 12 months, mean 18 months). Complications included one @entity583 and five cases of asymptomatic cement extravasation. No case of @entity16 occurred during the follow-up period. Significant improvements in seven measures of the SF-36 inventory as well as on the ODI and VAS were noted early postoperatively, and these persisted throughout the follow-up period, despite a statistically insignificant decline in the measure of general health at last follow-up examination. CONCLUSIONS: Kyphoplasty is an effective treatment for @entity3814 . The benefits presented in the early postoperative period and persisted at 1 year posttreatment.

title: Kyphoplasty for XXXX : 1-year clinical outcomes from a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral compression fractures']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry disability']

answer: @entity3814 :: (MESH:D050815,Disease) :: ['vertebral compression fractures']


abstract: @entity1241 affects @entity1 and @entity1 of all ages, leading to @entity717 and high financial costs. The evaluation of the @entity1 should clarify the pathophysiology of the symptoms and provide guidance in choosing the appropriate treatment. A comprehensive history and physical examination including endoscopic assessment is able to identify the cause of most cases of @entity1241 . If necessary, functional methods can be used to confirm the diagnosis. @entity1 selection for suitable treatment is most important and should be based on clinical and physiologic findings. Conservative dietary or medical treatment is often effective, when the symptoms are mild. Biofeedback therapy is effective in most @entity1 . It has no side effects and is well tolerated. Structural damage to the anus may be repaired by surgery, like sphincter repair, the best treatment of selective sphincter defects. Neoanal sphincters and artificial sphincters are the last possibility after failed surgery and before colostomy. They are less attractive because of technical difficulties and low success rate. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment has the potential to improve the outcome for @entity1 with @entity1241 .

title: XXXX : evaluation and treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['Fecal incontinence', 'fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['personal disability']

answer: @entity1241 :: (MESH:D005242,Disease) :: ['Fecal incontinence']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the development of @entity2516 in a primate model of sensory strabismus and @entity346 . METHODS: Four macaque monkeys had alternating tarsorraphy beginning within 24 hours of birth. One eye was closed for 25 days, and when it opened, the second eye immediately was closed for the next 25 days. Cycloplegic refractions and axial lengths were determined prospectively for three animals for 1 year or more. These data were compared to those of three unsutured control macaques raised under otherwise similar conditions. RESULTS: Each experimental animal developed @entity5770 and @entity346 . The first @entity735 were significantly more hypermetropic than the control eyes at 1 month of age (+7.25 D +/- 1.95 D versus +1.92 D +/- 1.27 D; P < 0.02) and remained significantly more hypermetropic throughout the study. The second @entity735 were more hypermetropic than the control eyes at 1 month (+2.42 D +/- 2.13 D versus +1.92 D +/- 1.27 D; P = 0.20), but less hypermetropic than the first @entity735 . The rate of emmetropization was slightly faster for the first @entity735 than for the control eyes (-0.12 D/month compared to -0.03 D/month). The mean axial length measurements of the experimental and control eyes were the same at 1 month, and their rates of change over time were identical. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent @entity3467 was produced by a brief period of reverse neonatal eyelid closure in a model of @entity9529 . It is suggested that infantile lid closure, @entity346 , or @entity4457 after neonatal visual disruption may be associated with a failure of normal emmetropization.

title: XXXX in a primate model of strabismus and @entity9529 .

entities_list: @entity5770 :: ('MESH:D005099', 'Disease') :: ['exotropia']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error and axial length']

entities_list: @entity3467 :: ('MESH:D006956', 'Disease') :: ['hypermetropia']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['occluded eyes']

entities_list: @entity9529 :: ('MESH:D020417', 'Disease') :: ['congenital-like nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['nystagmus']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['amblyopia']

answer: @entity2516 :: (MESH:D012030,Disease) :: ['Refractive error and axial length']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the development of @entity2516 in a primate model of sensory strabismus and @entity346 . METHODS: Four macaque monkeys had alternating tarsorraphy beginning within 24 hours of birth. One eye was closed for 25 days, and when it opened, the second eye immediately was closed for the next 25 days. Cycloplegic refractions and axial lengths were determined prospectively for three animals for 1 year or more. These data were compared to those of three unsutured control macaques raised under otherwise similar conditions. RESULTS: Each experimental animal developed @entity5770 and @entity346 . The first @entity735 were significantly more hypermetropic than the control eyes at 1 month of age (+7.25 D +/- 1.95 D versus +1.92 D +/- 1.27 D; P < 0.02) and remained significantly more hypermetropic throughout the study. The second @entity735 were more hypermetropic than the control eyes at 1 month (+2.42 D +/- 2.13 D versus +1.92 D +/- 1.27 D; P = 0.20), but less hypermetropic than the first @entity735 . The rate of emmetropization was slightly faster for the first @entity735 than for the control eyes (-0.12 D/month compared to -0.03 D/month). The mean axial length measurements of the experimental and control eyes were the same at 1 month, and their rates of change over time were identical. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent @entity3467 was produced by a brief period of reverse neonatal eyelid closure in a model of @entity9529 . It is suggested that infantile lid closure, @entity346 , or @entity4457 after neonatal visual disruption may be associated with a failure of normal emmetropization.

title: @entity2516 in a primate model of strabismus and XXXX .

answer: @entity9529 :: (MESH:D020417,Disease) :: ['congenital nystagmus']


abstract: PURPOSE: The retinal vascular tree exhibits fractal characteristics. These findings relate to the mechanisms involved in the vascularization process and to the objective morphologic characterization of retinal vessels using fractal analysis. Although normal retinas show uniform patterns of blood vessels, in pathologic retinas with central vein or @entity432 , the patterns are irregular. Because the generalized box fractal dimension fails to differentiate successfully between normal and abnormal retinal vessels in 60 degrees @entity941 angiograms, the authors have further investigated this problem using the local connected fractal dimension (alpha). METHODS: The authors studied 24 digitized 60 degrees @entity941 angiograms of @entity1 with normal retinas and 5 angiograms of @entity1 with central @entity732 . The pointwise method estimated the local complexity of the angiogram within a finite window centered on those pixels that belong to the retinal vessels. Color-coded dimensional images of the angiograms were constructed by plotting the pixels forming the object with a color that corresponded to specific values of alpha +/- delta alpha. RESULTS: The color-coded representation allowed recognition of areas with increased or decreased local angiogram complexity. The alpha distributions showed differences between normal and pathologic retinas, which overcomes problems encountered when using the methods of calculating the generalized fractal dimensions. A multivariate linear discriminant function using parameters from the alpha distribution and a further fractal parameter--lacunarity--reclassified 23 of the 24 normal and 4 of the 5 pathologic angiograms in their original groups (total: 92.1% correct). CONCLUSIONS: This methodology may be used for automatic detection and objective characterization of local @entity989 .

title: Local connected fractal dimensions and lacunarity analyses of 60 degrees XXXX angiograms.

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vessel abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusions']

entities_list: @entity732 :: ('MESH:D015356', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vein or artery occlusion']

answer: @entity941 :: (MESH:D019793,Chemical) :: ['fluorescein']


abstract: Soft tissue neoplasms with features of both @entity808 and @entity4847 ( @entity4847 ) have been increasingly recognized in recent years. To date, only a single case of this entity has been documented in the gastrointestinal tract (sigmoid colon). We herein describe 2 new cases of this entity. For comparison, we reevaluated 12 classic @entity344 for the perineurial cell component. The 2 hybrid @entity4847 were detected incidentally in the gastric antrum and the vermiform appendix in a 50-year-old @entity1 and a 17-year-old @entity1 during surgery for @entity356 and @entity698 -like symptoms, respectively. None of the @entity1 had @entity4786 1 or 2. @entity1 were alive with no evidence of recurrence or new @entity5 at 8 and 12 months, respectively. The @entity5 measured 1.2 cm and 1.5 cm in size. Histologically, they showed prominent storiform, lamellar, and fascicular patterns. Notably, both lacked peripheral lymphoid cuffs and the trabecular pattern of @entity344 . Both @entity5 coexpressed protein @entity2281 (>= 80%), @entity2280 (80%), and the perineurial cell markers (20% to 40% of @entity5 cells). The perineurial cell component formed alternating fascicles with @entity2281 -positive cells throughout the @entity5 . Reevaluation of 12 classic @entity344 showed isolated @entity3670 /epithelial membrane antigen-positive cells. However, 4 @entity808 (33%) strongly expressed @entity413 transporter-1 in most of the @entity5 cells indicating its limited specificity in this setting. Compared with @entity344 , @entity2280 expression was stronger and more diffuse in hybrid @entity4847 . We conclude that hybrid @entity4847 are distinct from @entity344 , both histologically and immunohistochemically.

title: XXXX of the gastrointestinal tract: a clinicopathologic study of 2 cases and reappraisal of perineurial cells in @entity344 .

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannomas', 'schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['man', 'Patients', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal schwannomas', 'gastrointestinal schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity4847 :: ('MESH:D018317', 'Disease') :: ['schwannoma-perineuriomas', 'perineurioma', 'hybrid schwannoma-perineurioma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric GIST']

answer: @entity4847 :: (MESH:D018317,Disease) :: ['Hybrid schwannoma-perineurioma']


abstract: Soft tissue neoplasms with features of both @entity808 and @entity4847 ( @entity4847 ) have been increasingly recognized in recent years. To date, only a single case of this entity has been documented in the gastrointestinal tract (sigmoid colon). We herein describe 2 new cases of this entity. For comparison, we reevaluated 12 classic @entity344 for the perineurial cell component. The 2 hybrid @entity4847 were detected incidentally in the gastric antrum and the vermiform appendix in a 50-year-old @entity1 and a 17-year-old @entity1 during surgery for @entity356 and @entity698 -like symptoms, respectively. None of the @entity1 had @entity4786 1 or 2. @entity1 were alive with no evidence of recurrence or new @entity5 at 8 and 12 months, respectively. The @entity5 measured 1.2 cm and 1.5 cm in size. Histologically, they showed prominent storiform, lamellar, and fascicular patterns. Notably, both lacked peripheral lymphoid cuffs and the trabecular pattern of @entity344 . Both @entity5 coexpressed protein @entity2281 (>= 80%), @entity2280 (80%), and the perineurial cell markers (20% to 40% of @entity5 cells). The perineurial cell component formed alternating fascicles with @entity2281 -positive cells throughout the @entity5 . Reevaluation of 12 classic @entity344 showed isolated @entity3670 /epithelial membrane antigen-positive cells. However, 4 @entity808 (33%) strongly expressed @entity413 transporter-1 in most of the @entity5 cells indicating its limited specificity in this setting. Compared with @entity344 , @entity2280 expression was stronger and more diffuse in hybrid @entity4847 . We conclude that hybrid @entity4847 are distinct from @entity344 , both histologically and immunohistochemically.

title: @entity4847 of the gastrointestinal tract: a clinicopathologic study of 2 cases and reappraisal of perineurial cells in XXXX .

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal schwannomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Increasing use of diagnostic radiography has led to concern about the malignant potential of ionizing radiation. We aimed to quantify the @entity7184 ( @entity7184 ) from diagnostic medical imaging in @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) and to identify which @entity1 are at greatest risk for high amounts of image-related radiation exposure. @entity1 AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review of pediatric @entity29 @entity1 seen between January 1 and May 30, 2008 was conducted. The effective dose of radiation received from all of the radiology tests performed during the course of each @entity1 's treatment was estimated using typical effective doses and our institution's computed tomography dose index. A @entity7184 >= 50 @entity2073 was considered high. RESULTS: Complete records were available for 257 of 372 screened subjects. One hundred seventy-one had @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and 86 had @entity31 ( @entity31 ). The mean @entity7184 was 17.56    15.91 @entity2073 and was greater for @entity1 with @entity30 than for those with @entity31 (20.5    17.5 vs 11.7    9.9 @entity2073 , P < 0.0001). Fifteen @entity1 (5.8%) had a @entity7184 >= 50 @entity2073 , including 14 of 171 (8.2%) with @entity30 and 1 of 86 (1.2%) with @entity31 (P = 0.02). In @entity1 with @entity30 , factors associated with high @entity7184 per multivariate analysis were any @entity29 -related surgery (odds ratio 42, 95% confidence interval 8-223, P < 0.0001) and platelet count (odds ratio 16, 95% confidence interval 1.5-175, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Although all doses of ionizing radiation have some @entity5 -inducing potential, a small but important percentage of @entity1 with @entity29 are exposed to particularly high doses of ionizing radiation from diagnostic tests and procedures. Physicians caring for such @entity1 must seek to limit radiation exposure whenever possible to lessen the lifetime risk of @entity5 .

title: Pediatric XXXX and imaging-related radiation: are we increasing the likelihood of @entity5 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity7184 :: ('MESH:D012090', 'Disease') :: ['cumulative effective dose', 'CED']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'Crohn disease']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Increasing use of diagnostic radiography has led to concern about the malignant potential of ionizing radiation. We aimed to quantify the @entity7184 ( @entity7184 ) from diagnostic medical imaging in @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) and to identify which @entity1 are at greatest risk for high amounts of image-related radiation exposure. @entity1 AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review of pediatric @entity29 @entity1 seen between January 1 and May 30, 2008 was conducted. The effective dose of radiation received from all of the radiology tests performed during the course of each @entity1 's treatment was estimated using typical effective doses and our institution's computed tomography dose index. A @entity7184 >= 50 @entity2073 was considered high. RESULTS: Complete records were available for 257 of 372 screened subjects. One hundred seventy-one had @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and 86 had @entity31 ( @entity31 ). The mean @entity7184 was 17.56    15.91 @entity2073 and was greater for @entity1 with @entity30 than for those with @entity31 (20.5    17.5 vs 11.7    9.9 @entity2073 , P < 0.0001). Fifteen @entity1 (5.8%) had a @entity7184 >= 50 @entity2073 , including 14 of 171 (8.2%) with @entity30 and 1 of 86 (1.2%) with @entity31 (P = 0.02). In @entity1 with @entity30 , factors associated with high @entity7184 per multivariate analysis were any @entity29 -related surgery (odds ratio 42, 95% confidence interval 8-223, P < 0.0001) and platelet count (odds ratio 16, 95% confidence interval 1.5-175, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Although all doses of ionizing radiation have some @entity5 -inducing potential, a small but important percentage of @entity1 with @entity29 are exposed to particularly high doses of ionizing radiation from diagnostic tests and procedures. Physicians caring for such @entity1 must seek to limit radiation exposure whenever possible to lessen the lifetime risk of @entity5 .

title: Pediatric @entity29 and imaging-related radiation: are we increasing the likelihood of XXXX ?

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several case-control studies have reported that @entity1 who use vaginal douche products are at increased risk for @entity4134 . @entity1 who douche regularly may do so for reasons related to their risk of acquiring a @entity2953 , introducing confounding that is difficult to control in non-experimental studies. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter randomized field trial with a 1-year follow-up period. The study comprised 1827 @entity1 age 18-34, with no current indication of @entity4134 , who were regular users of a douche product and who had been treated recently for a sexually transmitted @entity2348 . @entity1 were randomly assigned to use either a newly designed and marketed douche product or a soft cloth towelette, and were resupplied with product at each bimonthly follow-up visit. We measured the occurrence of @entity4134 using a combination of clinical and laboratory indicators. We also recorded pregnancy occurrence among @entity1 . RESULTS: The risk of @entity5851 among @entity1 assigned to use the douche product, relative to that among @entity1 assigned to use the wipe product, was 1.05 (95% confidence interval = 0.57-1.9). Using an alternative, less sensitive definition of @entity5851 gave a risk ratio of 1.26 (0.62-2.6). The probability of becoming pregnant was 15% lower among @entity1 assigned to use a douche product, and 33% lower among @entity1 who douched more frequently (ratio = 0.67; 0.42-1.08). CONCLUSIONS: There was little or no indication of a greater risk of @entity5851 among @entity1 assigned to use the douche product. Douching may be related to a lower probability that a @entity1 becomes pregnant.

title: Randomized field trial of vaginal douching, XXXX and pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'woman', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted infection']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection or bacterial vaginosis']

entities_list: @entity4134 :: ('MESH:D000292', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic inflammatory disease']

answer: @entity4134 :: (MESH:D000292,Disease) :: ['pelvic inflammatory disease']