abstract: Studies with fluorescent @entity141 indicators in large populations of neutrophils in suspension reveal a stable base line followed by a rapid agonist-induced elevation of cytosolic free @entity460 , [ @entity141 ]i, concomitant with other parameters of cellular activation. To study the role of adhesion in cell activation, we monitored [ @entity141 ]i in single neutrophils adhered to albumin-coated or fibronectin-coated glass coverslips before and after stimulation with the chemotactic peptide @entity14915 ( @entity5038 ). @entity1 neutrophils loaded with 2 microM @entity593 /AM were allowed to adhere to coverslips for 15-20 min at 37 degrees C. [ @entity141 ]i was monitored with a dual excitation microfluorimeter with a time resolution of 200 ms. Statistical analysis was performed using an algorithm allowing to detect significant [ @entity141 ]i peaks. 54% of the cells showed spontaneous [ @entity141 ]i oscillations. The amplitude of these [ @entity141 ]i peaks averaged 77 +/- 10 nM above basal levels (mean value of 110 +/- 20 nM), and their mean duration was 28 +/- 5 s; periods of [ @entity141 ]i bursts could last up to 15 min. In "silent" cells exhibiting a stable [ @entity141 ]i base line without spontaneous oscillations, low concentrations of @entity5038 (10(-10)-10(-9) M) could induce sustained [ @entity141 ]i oscillations. By contrast, higher agonist concentrations (10(-6) M) induced a single [ @entity141 ]i transient followed by a stable base line. 47% of the cells showing spontaneous [ @entity141 ]i oscillations did not respond to @entity5038 . Spontaneous [ @entity141 ]i oscillations depended on the continuous presence of extracellular @entity141 . Therefore: (i) spontaneous oscillations of [ @entity141 ]i occur in neutrophils adherent to various substrata; (ii) these oscillations do not preclude and can be dissociated from the response to @entity5038 ; (iii) neutrophil functions might be controlled by [ @entity141 ]i oscillations rather than by sustained alterations of [ @entity141 ]i.

title: Spontaneous and chemoattractant-induced oscillations of cytosolic free @entity460 in single adherent XXXX neutrophils.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Between May 1975 and December 1979, 113 @entity1 had 153 arthroplasties using a total condylar knee prosthesis. Thirty @entity1 (forty-two knees) died, and one (two knees) was lost to follow-up. Thirty-eight of these forty-four knees had been followed for more than two years, and none had had a revision. The remaining eighty-two @entity1 (109 knees) were followed for an average of nine years (range, seven to 11.5 years). At the time of the latest examination, ten had had a revision for various reasons. For the ninety-nine knees that had the original prosthesis, the findings were compared with those of an evaluation that had been done four years postoperatively. The average over-all knee score was found to have decreased between the four-year and the latest follow-up evaluation, primarily because of a 7-point decrease in the score for function. The rate of infection was 0.6 per cent. The knees that had had patellar resurfacing had better over-all scores and better scores for @entity158 than those that had not. This was particularly true in the @entity1 who had @entity571 . The results of arthroplasty using a total condylar prosthesis appeared to be consistent and durable. Although there was a decrease in the quality of the functional result with increasing age, the @entity1 reported consistent relief of @entity158 .

title: Use of a total condylar knee prosthesis for treatment of XXXX and rheumatoid arthritis. Long-term results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 fetal eyes are an excellent source for studies of the normal ocular development and for examining early ocular changes associated with various syndromes in the context of a pediatric pathologic or prenatal sonographic diagnosis. However, artifacts caused by different factors often render an exact interpretation difficult. In this study, the frequency and extent of artifacts in @entity1 fetal eyes were investigated with the aim of distinguishing more precisely these artifacts from real findings, allowing also for a more diligent forensic interpretation. METHODS: The cohort included 341 fetal eyes, ranging in age from 8 to 38 weeks of gestation, that were investigated macroscopically and by light microscopy. RESULTS: In most specimens, artifacts such as @entity2118 and autolytic changes of the retina were noted. Nearly all specimens showed changes of the lens with remarkable similarities to @entity231 in adult eyes. Structural ocular changes associated with @entity262 were also observed and in most instances could be distinguished from artifacts. CONCLUSIONS: Morphologic changes in fetal eyes should be classified in artifacts caused by way of abortion, mechanical effects from the removal of the eyes, delayed fixation with autolysis, and the fixative itself and should be distinguished from genuine structural abnormalities associated with @entity2194 . This classification can be fairly difficult and requires experience. In addition, lens artifacts are often misleading, and the diagnosis of a fetal @entity231 should not be made based on histopathologic examination alone.

title: Morphologic analysis of artifacts in XXXX fetal eyes confounding histopathologic investigations.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular or systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract', 'cataractous lenses']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigment spillage']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The influence of mitochondrial @entity908 kinase on subcellular high energy systems has been investigated using isolated @entity35 heart mitochondria, mitoplasts and intact heart and skeletal muscle tissue. In isolated mitochondria, the @entity908 kinase is functionally coupled to oxidative phosphorylation at active respiratory chain, so that it catalyses the formation of @entity1734 against its thermodynamic equilibrium. Therefore the mass action ratio is shifted from the equilibrium ratio to lower values. At inhibited respiration, it is close to the equilibrium value, irrespective of the mechanism of the inhibition. The same results were obtained for mitoplasts under conditions where the mitochondrial @entity908 kinase is still associated with the inner membrane. In intact tissue increasing amounts of @entity1734 are found in the mitochondrial compartment when respiration and/or muscle work are increased. It is suggested that at high rates of oxidative phosphorylation @entity1734 is accumulated in the intermembrane space due to the high activity of mitochondrial @entity908 kinase and the restricted permeability of reactants into the extramitochondrial space. A certain amount of this @entity1734 'leaks' into the mitochondrial matrix. This leak is confirmed in isolated @entity35 heart mitochondria where @entity1734 is taken up when it is generated by the mitochondrial @entity908 kinase reaction. At inhibited @entity908 kinase, external @entity1734 is not taken up. Likewise, mitoplasts only take up @entity1734 when @entity908 kinase is still associated with the inner membrane. Both findings indicate that uptake is dependent on the functional active @entity908 kinase coupled to oxidative phosphorylation. @entity1734 uptake into mitochondria is inhibited with @entity10941 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influence of mitochondrial XXXX kinase on the mitochondrial/extramitochondrial distribution of high energy phosphates in muscle tissue: evidence for a leak in the @entity908 shuttle.

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity1734 :: ('CHEBI:17287', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatine phosphate', 'creatine phosphate']

entities_list: @entity10941 :: ('MESH:C003853', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxyatractyloside']

answer: @entity908 :: (MESH:D003401,Chemical) :: ['creatine']


abstract: The influence of mitochondrial @entity908 kinase on subcellular high energy systems has been investigated using isolated @entity35 heart mitochondria, mitoplasts and intact heart and skeletal muscle tissue. In isolated mitochondria, the @entity908 kinase is functionally coupled to oxidative phosphorylation at active respiratory chain, so that it catalyses the formation of @entity1734 against its thermodynamic equilibrium. Therefore the mass action ratio is shifted from the equilibrium ratio to lower values. At inhibited respiration, it is close to the equilibrium value, irrespective of the mechanism of the inhibition. The same results were obtained for mitoplasts under conditions where the mitochondrial @entity908 kinase is still associated with the inner membrane. In intact tissue increasing amounts of @entity1734 are found in the mitochondrial compartment when respiration and/or muscle work are increased. It is suggested that at high rates of oxidative phosphorylation @entity1734 is accumulated in the intermembrane space due to the high activity of mitochondrial @entity908 kinase and the restricted permeability of reactants into the extramitochondrial space. A certain amount of this @entity1734 'leaks' into the mitochondrial matrix. This leak is confirmed in isolated @entity35 heart mitochondria where @entity1734 is taken up when it is generated by the mitochondrial @entity908 kinase reaction. At inhibited @entity908 kinase, external @entity1734 is not taken up. Likewise, mitoplasts only take up @entity1734 when @entity908 kinase is still associated with the inner membrane. Both findings indicate that uptake is dependent on the functional active @entity908 kinase coupled to oxidative phosphorylation. @entity1734 uptake into mitochondria is inhibited with @entity10941 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influence of mitochondrial @entity908 kinase on the mitochondrial/extramitochondrial distribution of high energy phosphates in muscle tissue: evidence for a leak in the XXXX shuttle.

answer: @entity908 :: (MESH:D003401,Chemical) :: ['creatine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Linkage between @entity566 and increased immune response activation in @entity4676 ( @entity4676 ) has been reported. We performed a matched case-control study to evaluate correlation between @entity56 and @entity4676 . METHODS: Data in this case-control study were from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The sample comprised 845 2- to 18-year-old @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity4676 in 2003   2007 and 3378 controls frequency matched with cases on age, sex, and urbanization level. Unconditional logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between @entity56 (e.g., @entity2023 , @entity483 , @entity565 , and @entity56 ), the number of allergic comorbidities, and @entity4676 . RESULTS: The majority (76.0%) of incident @entity4676 cases were @entity1 ; the 4 @entity56 strongly correlated with higher risk of @entity4676 . In a model simultaneously considering all 4 @entity56 , subjects with @entity2023 showed double the risk of @entity4676 (adjusted OR = 2.18, 95%CI 1.83   2.59; p < 0.0001); adjusted ORs were 1.82, 1.61, and 1.33, respectively, for @entity565 (95% CI 1.47   2.24; p < 0.0001), @entity1909 (95%CI 1.32   1.95; p < 0.0001), and @entity56 (95% CI 1.13   1.57; p < 0.001). Risk increased with number of comorbidities (p < 0.0001); this association was positively modified by age (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed significant correlation between @entity56 and @entity4676 . Risk also increased with number of allergic comorbidities and with age. Further studies on the mechanism of neuroimmunology of @entity4676 are required.

title: Correlation of XXXX : nationwide population-based case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'allergic conjunctivitis', 'allergic disease']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity4676 :: ('MESH:D005879', 'Disease') :: ['TS', 'Tourette syndrome']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['Tourette syndrome and allergic disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The study assessed the acceptability of internet-based @entity1047 screening using home-testing kits among 16- to 29-year-old @entity1 and nonparticipants in the first year of a @entity1047 Screening Implementation program in the Netherlands. METHODS: Questionnaire surveys were administered to randomly selected @entity1 (acceptability survey) and nonparticipants (nonresponse survey) in 3 regions of the Netherlands where screening was offered. @entity1 received email invitations to an online survey; nonparticipants received postal questionnaires. Both surveys enquired into opinions on the screening design, reasons for (non-) participation and future willingness to be tested. RESULTS: The response rate was 63% (3499/5569) in the acceptability survey and 15% (2053/13,724) in the nonresponse survey. Primary motivation for participating in the screening was "for my health" (63%). The main reason for nonresponse given by sexually active nonparticipants was "no perceived risk of infection" (40%). Only 2% reported nonparticipation due to no internet access. @entity1 found the internet (93%) and home-testing (97%) advantages of the program, regardless of test results. Two-thirds of @entity1 would test again, 92% via the screening program. Half of nonparticipants were appreciative of the program design, while about 1 in 5 did not like internet usage, home-testing, or posting samples. CONCLUSIONS: The screening method was highly acceptable to @entity1 . Nonparticipants in this survey were generally appreciative of the program design. Both groups made informed choices about participation and surveyed low-risk nonparticipants accurately perceived their low-risk status. Although many nonparticipants were not reached by the nonresponse survey, current insights on acceptability and nonresponse are undoubtedly valuable for evaluation of the current program.

title: Acceptability of the internet-based XXXX screening implementation in the Netherlands and insights into nonresponse.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['Chlamydia']

answer: @entity1047 :: (MESH:D002690,Disease) :: ['Chlamydia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of smoking on resting energy expenditure (REE) and the relationships among REE, smoking, @entity32 and oxidative stress in @entity1 with @entity2316 . METHODS: A case control study of 31 smokers and 40 non-smokers with early stage of @entity2316 (stage III) were performed to evaluate the chronic effect of smoking on REE. @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ), biomarkers of oxidative stress @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity224 dismutase (SOD) and @entity32 high-sensitivity @entity1851 (hs-CRP), @entity1254 , @entity310 were also measured in these subjects. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS: Compared with non-smokers, REE/ @entity1386 in smokers group was significantly increased by 15.96% (P = 0.001). Pearson analysis showed that smoking was significantly correlated with REE/ @entity1386 (t = 0.395, P = 0.001). There were significantly different between smokers and non-smokers in @entity1865 , SOD and hs-CRP (P < 0.05). But no difference between two groups in @entity1254 and @entity310 (P > 0.05). No significant relationships between REE/ @entity1386 and @entity1865 , SOD, hs-CRP, @entity1254 , @entity310 was found (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic smoking can lead to increased REE, arouse oxidative stress and inflammatory in @entity1 with early stage of @entity2316 . However, there is no relationship between increased REE due to smoking and oxidative stress and inflammatory.

title: [The effect of smoking on resting energy expenditure in @entity1 with early XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['FFM', 'REE/fat free mass']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetic kidney disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of smoking on resting energy expenditure (REE) and the relationships among REE, smoking, @entity32 and oxidative stress in @entity1 with @entity2316 . METHODS: A case control study of 31 smokers and 40 non-smokers with early stage of @entity2316 (stage III) were performed to evaluate the chronic effect of smoking on REE. @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ), biomarkers of oxidative stress @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity224 dismutase (SOD) and @entity32 high-sensitivity @entity1851 (hs-CRP), @entity1254 , @entity310 were also measured in these subjects. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS: Compared with non-smokers, REE/ @entity1386 in smokers group was significantly increased by 15.96% (P = 0.001). Pearson analysis showed that smoking was significantly correlated with REE/ @entity1386 (t = 0.395, P = 0.001). There were significantly different between smokers and non-smokers in @entity1865 , SOD and hs-CRP (P < 0.05). But no difference between two groups in @entity1254 and @entity310 (P > 0.05). No significant relationships between REE/ @entity1386 and @entity1865 , SOD, hs-CRP, @entity1254 , @entity310 was found (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic smoking can lead to increased REE, arouse oxidative stress and inflammatory in @entity1 with early stage of @entity2316 . However, there is no relationship between increased REE due to smoking and oxidative stress and inflammatory.

title: [The effect of smoking on resting energy expenditure in XXXX with early @entity2316 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In a joint prospective study in Germany and the United Kingdom between 1980 and 1993, 1373 @entity1 who had @entity992 and 366 who had @entity4091 during the first 36 weeks of gestation were followed up. 9 cases of @entity992 were identified, all occurring after @entity992 during the first 20 weeks of gestation. The highest risk (2.0%) was observed between 13-20 weeks gestation, with 7 affected @entity1 identified among 351 pregnancies (95% CI of risk 0.8-4.1%). Only 2 cases of @entity992 were identified among 472 pregnancies in which @entity992 occurred before 13 weeks (observed risk 0.4%, 95% CI 0.05-1.5%). Herpes zoster in infancy was reported in 10 @entity1 whose mothers had had @entity992 in pregnancy. No @entity1 with clinical evidence of @entity281 were born to the 366 @entity1 with @entity4091 in pregnancy (upper 95% confidence limit of estimated risk 1.0%). Varicella-zoster-specific IgM antibody was found at birth in 4 of 16 (25%) @entity1 with clinical manifestations of @entity281 and persistent specific IgG antibody in 5 of 7 @entity1 tested. The corresponding rates in asymptomatic @entity1 whose mothers had @entity992 were 12% (76/615) and 7% (22/335) respectively. No serological evidence of @entity281 was found in @entity1 who mothers had @entity4091 in pregnancy. In 97 pregnant @entity1 , @entity992 occurred after post-exposure prophylaxis with @entity6079 immunoglobulin. No cases of @entity6079 in infancy occurred in this group. Our estimates provide a sound basis for counselling @entity1 with @entity992 in pregnancy. Although the risk of @entity992 is small, the outcome for the affected @entity1 is so serious that a reliable method of prenatal diagnosis would be valuable. In the long term, prevention of @entity992 would be an option if a safe and effective vaccine were to become routinely available.

title: XXXX in pregnancy: prospective study of 1739 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity992 :: ('MESH:D002644', 'Disease') :: ['congenital varicella syndrome', 'varicella', 'maternal varicella']

entities_list: @entity6079 :: ('MESH:D020804', 'Disease') :: ['anti-varicella-zoster', 'congenital varicella syndrome or zoster']

entities_list: @entity4091 :: ('MESH:D006562', 'Disease') :: ['herpes zoster']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['intrauterine infection']

answer: @entity4091 :: (MESH:D006562,Disease) :: ['Consequences of varicella and herpes zoster']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to summarize the complications of posterior vertebral column resection (pVCR) and pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of @entity2003 . METHODS: fifty four @entity1 from a single center from February 2000 to February 2009 were included in this study. There were 23 males and 31 females with an average age of 28.3 years (range, 16-58 years). @entity1 were divided into 4 diagnostic categories: severe @entity1635 (n = 9, mean Cobb angle, 91.7  ), @entity3792 (n = 22, mean @entity1635 , 101.5  , and mean @entity1513 , 69.4  ), @entity1513 (n = 21, mean @entity1513 , 72.2  ), global @entity1513 (n = 2, mean @entity1513 , 93.6  ). All of the @entity1 received one stage pVCR combined correction with pedicle screws and circumferential fusion. Radiographs and hospital charts were reviewed to analyze the outcomes of correction. RESULTS: a mean of 1.4 vertebral levels were resected, the mean operative time was 470 min, and the mean @entity190 was 4180 ml. All the @entity1 were followed-up for an average time of 26 months (range, 12 - 66 months). At the latest follow-up, the major curve correction averaged: severe @entity1635 61.4   (67%), @entity3792 59.7   (56%)/ @entity1513 42.3   (59%), @entity1513 48.5   (71%), global @entity1513 62.7   (67%). A total of 21 complications (38.9%) occurred in 17 @entity1 , including 5 (9.3%) @entity16 happened in early stage and one case of delayed complete paraplegic. There were 11 (20.4%) non- @entity16 happened in early stage and 5 (9.3%) cases in late stage. CONCLUSIONS: one stage posterior-only vertebral column resection can achieve satisfactory correction of severe @entity85 with limited flexibility. Given its technically demanding and exhausting features, its potential risk of significant complications should be paid more attention.

title: [Complications of one stage posterior vertebral column resection for the treatment of severe rigid XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid thoracic and lumber spinal deformity']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['angular kyphosis', 'kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity3792 :: ('MESH:C565711', 'Disease') :: ['kyphoscoliosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformities']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['spinal deformities']


abstract: In 17 @entity468 , areas of focal injury were induced in the facial nerve root near the brain stem by implantation of V-clamp and catgut suture. The electrophysiological examinations were made at 3 weeks after the surgery. When the mandibular branch of the facial nerve was electrically stimulated, a combined @entity3457 potential and a delayed @entity3457 could be recorded from the orbicular ocular branch of the facial nerve. The delayed @entity3457 disappeared after the motornucleu of the facial nerve was blocked with injection of 2% @entity3303 (1.5 microliter). These phenomena suggests that the artifacial synapses have been formed among the demyelinating facial nerve. The antidromic impulse of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve spread to adjacent fibers through the artifacial synapses in REZ of the facial nerve and causes the synkinases and @entity2473 . Delayed @entity3457 may be caused by neurons of the motornucleu. @entity75 was also examined histologically at 3 weeks following implantation. Injured nerve showed areas of @entity17 and @entity528 of adjacent axons. The Nissle substances at the neurons of the motornucleu were dissolved and disappeared.

title: [Study on pathogenic mechanism of hemifacial XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelination']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Experimental lesion']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['Lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ["Waller's degeneration"]

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['spasm']


abstract: Our research focusses on the role of brain and hypophysis in the control of background adaptation in the clawed toad, @entity1238 . This adaptation is regulated by @entity22847 ( @entity22847 ). Previously, it was shown that various neurotransmitters influence @entity22847 release. Here we report about the origin of these factors. Using retrograde labelling techniques combined with immunocytochemistry, it was found that the inhibitory transmitters @entity935 and neuropeptide Y coexist in neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. These neurons project to the pars intermedia and synaptically contact the @entity22847 -producing melanotrope cells. In the synapses also @entity1246 is present. Tracing of the optic nerve indicated the presence of a direct retinosuprachiasmatic tract. Furthermore, locus coeruleus neurons project to the pars intermedia. They contain the inhibitory transmitter @entity1063 . The stimulatory factors @entity73331 and thyrotropin stimulating hormone originate from the magnocellular nucleus which send its processes to the neural lobe of the hypophysis.

title: Central control of melanotrope cells of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1238 :: ('8355', 'Species') :: ['Xenopus laevis']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity22847 :: ('380532(Tax:8355)', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-MSH', 'alpha-melanophorestimulating hormone']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity73331 :: ('100337609(Tax:8355)', 'Gene') :: ['corticotropin-releasing hormone']

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus laevis']


abstract: Using a newly developed training paradigm, @entity35 were trained to associate a spatial location and a black interior with mild footshock and another adjacent location with white interior with the absence of footshock in three independent experiments. Retention of these associations was measured 24 and 48 hr after training in situation in which the animals could move freely between the black and white locations over a 90 sec test. Other @entity35 were subjected to a control procedure in which shock was received on both the black and the white sides of the apparatus. In each of the experiments, half of the animals in the experimental and the control groups were trained following the administration of the @entity460 slow channel blocking agent, @entity3931 (5 mg/kg), and the other half after saline administration. In experiment 1, the injections were given 15 min before training. In experiment 2, the injections were given chronically, over a 6 day period before training. In experiment 3, the animals were given a single injection 7 days before training. In all cases, retention was examined both 24 and 48 hr after training. The results were that the experimental procedures produce a strong aversion to the black portion of the apparatus. The greatest amount of retention was found in animals that had received the chronic injections, whether they were of saline or of @entity3931 . In every aspect of retention in which the saline-treated @entity35 were less than perfect in retention, the @entity3931 animals exhibited superior performance.

title: The effect of a XXXX antagonist on the retention of simple associational learning.

entities_list: @entity3931 :: ('MESH:D009553', 'Chemical') :: ['nimodipine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: An intriguing component of the maternal response to pregnancy is the differentiation of large numbers of large granular lymphocytes, termed granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells, in the decidua and then in the metrial gland, a structure in the mesometrial triangle unique to rodent pregnancy. We have used the monoclonal antibody 3.2.3 to NKR-P1, a surface molecule involved in triggering natural killer (NK) cells for lysis, to determine the numbers and distribution of NK cells in the nonpregnant @entity35 uterus and during the dramatic changes at implant sites during pregnancy. NKR-P1+ cells were abundant in the nonpregnant uterus, especially in the endometrium. These cells also expressed CD8, @entity11263 , and AsialoGM1. In the @entity8165 , the numbers were greatest during proestrus and estrus; in ovariectomized animals, they were severely decreased, but returned to normal with @entity172 supplementation. At the time of blastocyst attachment (Day 6), NKR-P1+ cells were few around the implant and in the decidualizing stroma. However, on Day 8, substantial numbers were present in the mesometrial decidua only, and many of these cells expressed the cytolytic protein perforin. By Day 10, NKR-P1+ cells were common within the inner muscle at the base of the mesometrial triangle and in the developing metrial gland, often containing perforin. Larger numbers of perforin+ cells were present in the central decidua towards the ectoplacental cone, and many were weakly NKR-P1+ only. On Day 12, NKR-P1+ cells were almost completely restricted to the metrial gland, with few in decidua, and many were weakly positive. Substantially more perforin-containing cells were seen, indicating that many had lost detectable NKR-P1. This distribution pattern from Days 6-12 is similar to that described for GMG cells and demonstrates that in the @entity35 they belong to the NK cell lineage. These cells were also CD8+ and AsialoGM1+ but negative for @entity11263 and class II histocompatibility antigens, which is very different from @entity5041 -activated NK cells which they resemble morphologically. The loss during differentiation of NKR-P1 and @entity11263 , which are involved in target adhesion and triggering of NK cells, is consistent with the poor cytolytic capacity reported for these cells.

title: NKR-P1+ cells in the XXXX uterus: granulated metrial gland cells are of the natural killer cell lineage.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity8165 :: ('MESH:C567547', 'Disease') :: ['subepithelial stroma']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: During a 3-year study period, 19 @entity1 at the University Hospital of Maastricht developed bloodstream infections with species of the "Streptococcus milleri" group, for an incidence of 0.33 per 1,000 admissions. The @entity1 ' median age was 48 years; the male-to-female ratio was 2.8. Eleven @entity1 (57.9%) had underlying diseases, among which @entity5 was predominant. Local @entity130 to the mucosal barrier was an important risk factor. An associated site of @entity281 was found most frequently in the abdominal and thoracic cavities (nine and five cases, respectively). @entity2259 was polymicrobial in four of 19 episodes. The 20 infecting S. milleri strains were identified to the species level; Streptococcus anginosus was the most prevalent (16 strains). Eight strains carried Lancefield group C. The isolates were sensitive to most antibiotics. @entity733 formation was documented in nine cases (47.3%); repeated drainage procedures were required in half of these episodes. Mortality was high (five of 19 @entity1 , or 26.3%).

title: XXXX involving the "Streptococcus milleri" group: analysis of 19 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['Bacteremia']

answer: @entity2259 :: (MESH:D016470,Disease) :: ['Bacteremia']


abstract: @entity2622 is usually treated by extensive total hysterectomy such as Okabayashi's procedure. However, since the introduction of the criteria for classification of stage Ia lesions in 1978 by the Registration Committee for @entity2622 of the Japan Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology, surgical procedures have been categorized in greater detail, and reduced operations have begun to be performed. Generally, simple hysterectomy is performed for stage 0 @entity2622 , and semi-extensive hysterectomy is indicated for stage Ia lesions. In this study, reduced operations were evaluated in 254 @entity1 with stage 0 and 288 with stage Ia @entity2622 selected from 1,412 @entity1 with @entity2622 treated at our department between 1976 and 1985. The time required for the operation was 90.8 +/- 34.8 min for simple, 126.7 +/- 36.5 min for semi-extensive, and 173.5 +/- 42.5 min for extensive hysterectomy. The volume of bleeding was 274.5 +/- 257.7 ml for simple, 545.4 +/- 758.2 ml for semi-extensive, and 805.7 +/- 441.6 ml for extensive hysterectomy. The frequency of blood transfusion increased with the increase in the extent of surgery, being 9.0, 22.9, and 61.8% for the respective operations. The incidence of @entity260 (cystoplegia, @entity8 , @entity292 of the urinary tract, @entity99 ) also increased to 12.4% for semi-extensive and 44.8% for extensive hysterectomy. Simple hysterectomy was sufficient for stage 0 lesions, and side effects associated with this operation were infrequent and mild. Curative conization was performed for 14 @entity1 who expressed a desire to have babies, and no recurrence has been observed to date. Semi-extensive hysterectomy was performed in 77% of stage Ia @entity1 , and extensive and simple operations were performed in 8.0% and 10.4%, respectively. Close histological evaluation and postoperative care were carried out, particularly for @entity1 who underwent simple hysterectomy. All these @entity1 are currently alive without signs of recurrence. Two @entity1 received only curative conization due to their strong desire to have babies and are currently being followed up. Both of these @entity1 showed small degrees of interstitial invasion of less than 2mm.

title: [Reduced operation for XXXX and its evaluation].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disorders']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['Cervical Carcinoma', 'cervical carcinoma', 'Cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['ileus and hepatitis']

answer: @entity2622 :: (MESH:D002583,Disease) :: ['cervical carcinoma']


abstract: @entity137 of @entity73332 was studied after its multiple parenteral administration to albino @entity35 , @entity840 and @entity235 in doses equivalent by the body surface to the daily doses for @entity1 i. e. 1 and 3 g. The antibiotic was administered for 1 to 6 months. Tolerance of the antibiotic by the @entity235 after intravenous and intramuscular administration was satisfactory. In some animals there were observed an insignificant increase in the activity of @entity493 aminotransferase and a rise in the level of @entity1133 in blood serum. Pathomorphological examination of the internal organs of the albino @entity35 and @entity235 showed that in high doses the antibiotic could have a damaging effect on the kidneys and epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. The level of the damages depended on the dose of the antibiotic and duration of its use. The damages induced by @entity73332 were reversible. It had no marked effect on the peripheral blood count, coagulation system and erythrocyte resistance. In the tested doses the antibiotic had no unfavourable effect on the hearing function in the experiments with @entity840 . Studies with @entity35 revealed that @entity73332 had no teratogenic effect. A slightly pronounced embryotoxic action was observed only after using the antibiotic in doses exceeding more than 12 times the approximate therapeutic dose.

title: [Preclinical toxicological study of the new antibiotic @entity73332 . Chronic XXXX and effect on intrauterine development of @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity73332 :: ('MESH:C053759', 'Chemical') :: ['eremomycin']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: @entity137 of @entity73332 was studied after its multiple parenteral administration to albino @entity35 , @entity840 and @entity235 in doses equivalent by the body surface to the daily doses for @entity1 i. e. 1 and 3 g. The antibiotic was administered for 1 to 6 months. Tolerance of the antibiotic by the @entity235 after intravenous and intramuscular administration was satisfactory. In some animals there were observed an insignificant increase in the activity of @entity493 aminotransferase and a rise in the level of @entity1133 in blood serum. Pathomorphological examination of the internal organs of the albino @entity35 and @entity235 showed that in high doses the antibiotic could have a damaging effect on the kidneys and epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. The level of the damages depended on the dose of the antibiotic and duration of its use. The damages induced by @entity73332 were reversible. It had no marked effect on the peripheral blood count, coagulation system and erythrocyte resistance. In the tested doses the antibiotic had no unfavourable effect on the hearing function in the experiments with @entity840 . Studies with @entity35 revealed that @entity73332 had no teratogenic effect. A slightly pronounced embryotoxic action was observed only after using the antibiotic in doses exceeding more than 12 times the approximate therapeutic dose.

title: [Preclinical toxicological study of the new antibiotic XXXX . Chronic @entity137 and effect on intrauterine development of @entity35 ].

answer: @entity73332 :: (MESH:C053759,Chemical) :: ['eremomycin']


abstract: @entity137 of @entity73332 was studied after its multiple parenteral administration to albino @entity35 , @entity840 and @entity235 in doses equivalent by the body surface to the daily doses for @entity1 i. e. 1 and 3 g. The antibiotic was administered for 1 to 6 months. Tolerance of the antibiotic by the @entity235 after intravenous and intramuscular administration was satisfactory. In some animals there were observed an insignificant increase in the activity of @entity493 aminotransferase and a rise in the level of @entity1133 in blood serum. Pathomorphological examination of the internal organs of the albino @entity35 and @entity235 showed that in high doses the antibiotic could have a damaging effect on the kidneys and epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. The level of the damages depended on the dose of the antibiotic and duration of its use. The damages induced by @entity73332 were reversible. It had no marked effect on the peripheral blood count, coagulation system and erythrocyte resistance. In the tested doses the antibiotic had no unfavourable effect on the hearing function in the experiments with @entity840 . Studies with @entity35 revealed that @entity73332 had no teratogenic effect. A slightly pronounced embryotoxic action was observed only after using the antibiotic in doses exceeding more than 12 times the approximate therapeutic dose.

title: [Preclinical toxicological study of the new antibiotic @entity73332 . Chronic @entity137 and effect on intrauterine development of XXXX ].

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: In @entity3177 , the actin gene is present in a cluster of two, three, or four tandemly linked copies, depending on the strain. Each cluster seems to exist in two allelic versions, as suggested by the polymorphism of both gene number and restriction fragment length in the DNA from cloned trypanosomes. The amplification of the gene copy number probably occurs through unequal sister chromatid exchange. The chromosomes harboring the actin genes belong to the large size class. The coding sequence was 1,128 nucleotides long and showed 60 to 70% homology to other eucaryotic actin genes. Surprisingly, this homology seemed weaker with @entity1527 congolense, @entity1527 , @entity1527 vivax, @entity1527 mega, or Leishmania actin-specific sequences. The mRNA was around 1.6 kilobases long and was synthesized at the same level in bloodstream and procyclic forms of the parasite. Large RNA precursors, up to 7.7 kilobases, were found in a pattern identical in strains containing either two or three gene copies. Probing of the flanking regions of the gene with either steady-state or in vitro transcripts, as well as S1 nuclease protection and primer extension experiments, allowed mapping of the 3' splice site of the actin mRNA, 38 @entity2036 upstream from the translation initiation codon. A variably sized poly(dT) tract was found about 30 base pairs ahead of the splice site. The largest detected actin mRNA precursor seemed to give rise to at least two additional stable mRNAs. The RNA polymerase transcribing the actin gene exhibited the same sensitivity to inhibition by @entity55346 as that transcribing both the spliced leader and the bulk of polyadenylated mRNAs.

title: Structure and transcription of the actin gene of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1527 :: ('5693', 'Species') :: ['Trypanosoma cruzi', 'Trypanosoma']

entities_list: @entity55346 :: ('MESH:D053959', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-amanitin']

entities_list: @entity3177 :: ('5691', 'Species') :: ['Trypanosoma brucei']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

answer: @entity3177 :: (5691,Species) :: ['Trypanosoma brucei']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoid-mediated inhibition of angiogenesis is important in physiology, pathophysiology and therapy. However, the mechanisms through which glucocorticoids inhibit growth of new blood vessels have not been established. This study addresses the hypothesis that physiological levels of glucocorticoids inhibit angiogenesis by directly preventing tube formation by endothelial cells. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Cultured @entity1 umbilical vein (HUVEC) and aortic (HAoEC) endothelial cells were used to determine the influence of glucocorticoids on @entity2383 ( @entity2383 ) formation, and on cellular proliferation ( @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) incorporation), viability ( @entity855 production) and migration (Boyden chambers). @entity619 or @entity701 (at physiological concentrations) inhibited both basal and @entity22667 (PGF(2a))-induced and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) stimulated @entity2383 formation in endothelial cells (ECs) cultured on Matrigel, effects which were blocked with the @entity4738 antagonist @entity3927 . Glucocorticoids had no effect on EC viability, migration or proliferation. Time-lapse imaging showed that @entity701 blocked @entity7 -stimulated cytoskeletal reorganisation and initialisation of tube formation. Real time PCR suggested that increased expression of thrombospodin-1 contributed to glucocorticoid-mediated inhibition of @entity2383 formation. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that glucocorticoids interact directly with glucocorticoid receptors on vascular ECs to inhibit @entity2383 formation. This action, which was conserved in ECs from two distinct vascular territories, was due to alterations in cell morphology rather than inhibition of EC viability, migration or proliferation and may be mediated in part by induction of thrombospodin-1. These findings provide important insights into the anti-angiogenic action of endogenous glucocorticoids in health and disease.

title: Glucocorticoid-mediated inhibition of angiogenic changes in XXXX endothelial cells is not caused by reductions in cell proliferation or migration.

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', "5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine"]

entities_list: @entity4738 :: ('2908', 'Gene') :: ['glucocorticoid receptor']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity22667 :: ('CHEBI:15553', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin F(2a)']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['TLS', 'tube-like structure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Thirty-five hybridomas that secrete mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against @entity840 (G.P.) tracheal mucins were established. The MAbs were characterized immunologically, biochemically, and immunohistochemically at both light and electron microscopic levels. Isotyping of the MAbs revealed 14 to be IgM, 13 IgG1, 3 IgG2, and 5 IgG3. The MAbs demonstrated various patterns of binding in immunoblots against mucins derived from G.P. tracheal explants. This suggested the presence of "subpopulations" of G.P. tracheal mucins with specific MAbs binding to different epitopes on the mucin molecules. Periodate oxidation indicated that 33 of the 35 MAbs recognized @entity1735 epitopes on the mucin molecules. Ten of the MAbs also reacted with both @entity291 and ferret tracheal mucins, while 7 and 6 MAbs bound only to @entity291 and ferret tracheal mucins, respectively. The generated MAbs should be useful for immunomeasurement of mucin secretion in vivo (e.g., in bronchoalveolar or airway lavage fluid) and in vitro (e.g., cell and organ cultures) from cells of @entity840 and (with certain MAbs) @entity291 and ferret origin.

title: Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against XXXX tracheal mucins.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pig']


abstract: Epidemiological studies carried out in Great Britain, Scandinavia and the United States indicate that workers exposed to @entity4312 are at an increased risk for @entity65 ( @entity65 ) mortality, and in particular for @entity741 ( @entity741 ) mortality. In the epidemiological study reported here a retrospective cohort design was used. The total study population consisted of 3322 workers from a Dutch viscose textile plant who had all been employed for at least half a year between 1 January 1947 and 1 January 1980. Only production and maintenance workers were selected for the study. A group of 1434 workers who had been exposed to @entity4312 was identified from the files available at the plant. The remaining 1888 workers who had not been exposed to @entity4312 were used as a reference group. The total study population was followed for mortality until 1 January 1988. For the 762 workers who had died before that date, the causes of @entity204 were checked at the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results show a slightly but significantly increased risk for @entity65 mortality ( @entity65 -specific SMR of 115), despite the observation of the so-called healthy worker effect and the statistical uncertainties inherent to this type of study. The results are in accordance with those reported by other investigators. The results indicate that exposure to relatively low levels of @entity4312 increases the risk of @entity65 mortality.

title: Mortality of Dutch workers exposed to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4312 :: ('MESH:D002246', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon disulfide']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['IHD', 'ischemic heart disease']

answer: @entity4312 :: (MESH:D002246,Chemical) :: ['carbon disulfide']


abstract: The integrity of the T cell receptor complex (CD3-TCR) transduction machinery is central to T cell development and to T cell effector function. Molecular dissection of the multimeric CD3-TCR complex revealed that at least two associated polypeptides, @entity12711 and @entity12710 , autonomously couple antigenic recognition event to early and late events of the intracytoplasmic activation cascade. A 18- @entity535 motif based on a tandem YXXL stretch, the @entity16350 ( @entity16350 ) motif, is necessary and sufficient to the transducing properties of both @entity12711 and @entity12710 . Stimulation of chimeric molecules made of ecto- and transmembrane domains of various cell surface proteins and intracytoplasmic domains of @entity12710 or @entity12711 leads to an increase in the intracellular @entity141 concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) in Jurkat cells. We describe here that a similar @entity3783 /zeta chimeric molecule was unable to induce a detectable [ @entity141 ]i rise upon @entity3783 cross-linking once expressed in the @entity19 thymoma BW-. A @entity141 influx could, however, be triggered in BW- cells by @entity2426 , i.e. following depletion of @entity141 stores. Somatic cell hybrids made from BW- and either thymocytes or mature lymph node T cells reconstituted the coupling of @entity12711 to the @entity141 signal via an @entity16350 motif-dependent pathway. However, pervanadate-induced @entity141 mobilization, a phenomenon attributed to @entity669 phosphorylation, was impaired in BW-cells and reconstituted in hybridomas. In contrast to the @entity141 response, @entity1199 production was induced in both BW- and hybrids cells, which questions the functional relevance of [ @entity141 ]i augmentation in T cell activation. In conclusion, the properties of the BW- thymoma, which define a novel group of @entity12711 transduction cell mutants, as well as its complementation by somatic cell fusion demonstrate that this cell line represents a useful model to dissect the signaling pathway that couples @entity12711 to @entity141 mobilization by genetic reconstitution.

title: Reconstitution of XXXX coupling to calcium mobilization via genetic complementation.

entities_list: @entity16350 :: ('26119', 'Gene') :: ['ARH-1', 'activation receptor homology sequence 1']

entities_list: @entity2426 :: ('MESH:D019284', 'Chemical') :: ['thapsigargin']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity12711 :: (919,Gene) :: ['CD3 zeta']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: All current aortic endografts depend on proximal and distal fixation to prevent migration. However, migration and rupture can occur, particularly in @entity1 with aortic necks that are short or angulated, or both. We present our initial clinical experience with a new sac-anchoring endoprosthesis designed to anchor and seal the device within the @entity439 sac. METHODS: The initial worldwide experience using a new endoprosthesis for the treatment of @entity449 (Nellix Endovascular, Palo Alto, @entity2948 ) was reviewed. The endoprosthesis consists of dual balloon-expandable endoframes surrounded by polymer-filled endobags designed to obliterate the @entity439 sac and maintain endograft position. Clinical results and follow-up contrast computed tomography (CT) scans at 30 days and 6 and 12 months were reviewed. RESULTS: The endograft was successfully deployed in 21 @entity1 with @entity449 measuring 5.7    0.7 cm (range, 4.3-7.4 cm). Two @entity1 with common @entity1029 were treated with sac-anchoring extenders that maintained patency of the internal iliac artery. Infusion of 71    37 mL of polymer (range, 19-158 mL) into the aortic endobags resulted in complete @entity439 in all @entity1 . Mean implant time was 76    35 minutes, with 33    17 minutes of fluoroscopy time and 180    81 mL of contrast; estimated @entity190 was 174    116 mL. One @entity1 died during the postoperative period (30-day mortality, 4.8%), and one died at 10 months from non-device-related causes. During a mean follow-up of 8.7    3.1 months and a median of 6.3 months, there were no late @entity439 - or device-related adverse events and no secondary procedures. CT imaging studies at 6 months and 1 year revealed no increase in @entity439 size, no device migration, and no new @entity1070 . One @entity1 had a limited proximal type I endoleak at 30 days that resolved at 60 days and remained sealed. One @entity1 has an ongoing distal type I endoleak near the iliac bifurcation, with no change in @entity439 size at 12 months. CONCLUSION: Initial clinical experience with this novel intrasac anchoring prosthesis is promising, with successful @entity439 and good short-term results. This new device platform has the potential to address the anatomic restrictions and limitations of current endografts. Further studies with a longer follow-up time are needed.

title: Initial clinical experience with a sac-anchoring endoprosthesis for XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['infrarenal aortic aneurysms', 'aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['endoleaks']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm exclusion', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1029 :: ('MESH:D017543', 'Disease') :: ['iliac aneurysms']

answer: @entity449 :: (MESH:D001014,Disease) :: ['aortic aneurysm']


abstract: AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Elevated 1-h postload plasma @entity413 concentration (1hPG) during oral @entity413 tolerance test has been linked to an increased risk of @entity164 2 @entity6 and a poorer cardiometabolic risk profile. The present study analyzed the predictability and cut-off point of 1hPG in predicting @entity164 2 @entity6 in normal @entity413 regulation (NGR) subjects, and evaluated the long-term prognosis of NGR subjects with elevated 1hPG in @entity413 metabolism, kidney function, metabolic states and @entity731 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 116 Han Chinese classified as NGR in 2002 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, were investigated. Follow-up was carried out in 2012 to evaluate the progression of @entity413 metabolism, kidney function, @entity209 and @entity2998 . RESULTS: The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were higher for 1hPG than FPG or 2hPG (0.858 vs 0.806 vs 0.746). The cut-off value of 1hPG with the maximal sum of sensitivity and specificity in predicting @entity164 2 @entity6 in NGR subjects was 8.85  mmol/L. The accumulative incidence of @entity164 2 @entity6 in subjects with 1hPG >= 8.85  mmol/L was higher than those <8.85  mmol/L (46.2% vs 3.3%, P  =  0.000; relative risk 13.846, 95% confidence interval 4.223-45.400). On follow up, the prevalence of @entity209 and abnormal carotid intima-media thickness in the subjects with 1hPG >= 8.85  mmol/L tended to be higher compared with those <8.85  mmol/L. CONCLUSIONS: 1hPG is a good predictor of @entity164 2 @entity6 in NGR subjects, and the best cut-off point is 8.85  mmol/L. Some tendency indicates that NGR subjects with 1hPG >= 8.85  mmol/L are more prone to @entity209 and @entity2998 .

title: Predictability of 1-h postload plasma XXXX concentration: A 10-year retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: @entity320 ( @entity320 ) and @entity1489 ( @entity1489 ) have a high chance for cure if detected in an early phase of development. @entity1 who have these @entity5 may now be treated in the outpatient setting with a minimum of discomfort, inconvenience, and cost. Most @entity1489 deaths are caused by @entity320 . Until recently, @entity320 incidence in the United States has been increasing faster than any other potentially lethal @entity5 , attributable at least in part to aggressive case detection and greater public awareness about the significance of risk factors and early warning signs of evolving @entity5 , resulting in increased numbers of curable @entity5 . Most CMs are discovered by @entity1 or close acquaintances. Most @entity320 deaths are related to @entity1 delay in seeking medical care. @entity1 delay is attributed mostly to lack of knowledge rather than to fear and denial. In the United States, primary prevention of @entity320 and @entity1489 has focused on encouraging sensible sun-exposure behaviors, while secondary prevention consists of a yearly national campaign that promotes skin awareness and self-examination and free examinations to detect evolving @entity5 , sponsored by the American Academy of Dermatology and the American @entity5 Society. More attention is needed to encourage timely consultation for evolving @entity5 and predisposing risk factors and to focus screening and surveillance efforts of those @entity1 at greatest risk. Public education must continue to promote personal responsibility in the intervention process to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity320 and @entity1489 .

title: Public education and @entity1489 . What do @entity1 need to know about XXXX and @entity1489 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['nonmelanoma skin cancer', 'NMSC', 'skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['CM', 'Cutaneous melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: @entity320 ( @entity320 ) and @entity1489 ( @entity1489 ) have a high chance for cure if detected in an early phase of development. @entity1 who have these @entity5 may now be treated in the outpatient setting with a minimum of discomfort, inconvenience, and cost. Most @entity1489 deaths are caused by @entity320 . Until recently, @entity320 incidence in the United States has been increasing faster than any other potentially lethal @entity5 , attributable at least in part to aggressive case detection and greater public awareness about the significance of risk factors and early warning signs of evolving @entity5 , resulting in increased numbers of curable @entity5 . Most CMs are discovered by @entity1 or close acquaintances. Most @entity320 deaths are related to @entity1 delay in seeking medical care. @entity1 delay is attributed mostly to lack of knowledge rather than to fear and denial. In the United States, primary prevention of @entity320 and @entity1489 has focused on encouraging sensible sun-exposure behaviors, while secondary prevention consists of a yearly national campaign that promotes skin awareness and self-examination and free examinations to detect evolving @entity5 , sponsored by the American Academy of Dermatology and the American @entity5 Society. More attention is needed to encourage timely consultation for evolving @entity5 and predisposing risk factors and to focus screening and surveillance efforts of those @entity1 at greatest risk. Public education must continue to promote personal responsibility in the intervention process to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity320 and @entity1489 .

title: Public education and XXXX . What do @entity1 need to know about @entity320 and @entity1489 ?

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['cancer of the skin']


abstract: @entity320 ( @entity320 ) and @entity1489 ( @entity1489 ) have a high chance for cure if detected in an early phase of development. @entity1 who have these @entity5 may now be treated in the outpatient setting with a minimum of discomfort, inconvenience, and cost. Most @entity1489 deaths are caused by @entity320 . Until recently, @entity320 incidence in the United States has been increasing faster than any other potentially lethal @entity5 , attributable at least in part to aggressive case detection and greater public awareness about the significance of risk factors and early warning signs of evolving @entity5 , resulting in increased numbers of curable @entity5 . Most CMs are discovered by @entity1 or close acquaintances. Most @entity320 deaths are related to @entity1 delay in seeking medical care. @entity1 delay is attributed mostly to lack of knowledge rather than to fear and denial. In the United States, primary prevention of @entity320 and @entity1489 has focused on encouraging sensible sun-exposure behaviors, while secondary prevention consists of a yearly national campaign that promotes skin awareness and self-examination and free examinations to detect evolving @entity5 , sponsored by the American Academy of Dermatology and the American @entity5 Society. More attention is needed to encourage timely consultation for evolving @entity5 and predisposing risk factors and to focus screening and surveillance efforts of those @entity1 at greatest risk. Public education must continue to promote personal responsibility in the intervention process to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity320 and @entity1489 .

title: Public education and @entity1489 . What do @entity1 need to know about @entity320 and XXXX ?

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['nonmelanoma skin cancer']


abstract: @entity320 ( @entity320 ) and @entity1489 ( @entity1489 ) have a high chance for cure if detected in an early phase of development. @entity1 who have these @entity5 may now be treated in the outpatient setting with a minimum of discomfort, inconvenience, and cost. Most @entity1489 deaths are caused by @entity320 . Until recently, @entity320 incidence in the United States has been increasing faster than any other potentially lethal @entity5 , attributable at least in part to aggressive case detection and greater public awareness about the significance of risk factors and early warning signs of evolving @entity5 , resulting in increased numbers of curable @entity5 . Most CMs are discovered by @entity1 or close acquaintances. Most @entity320 deaths are related to @entity1 delay in seeking medical care. @entity1 delay is attributed mostly to lack of knowledge rather than to fear and denial. In the United States, primary prevention of @entity320 and @entity1489 has focused on encouraging sensible sun-exposure behaviors, while secondary prevention consists of a yearly national campaign that promotes skin awareness and self-examination and free examinations to detect evolving @entity5 , sponsored by the American Academy of Dermatology and the American @entity5 Society. More attention is needed to encourage timely consultation for evolving @entity5 and predisposing risk factors and to focus screening and surveillance efforts of those @entity1 at greatest risk. Public education must continue to promote personal responsibility in the intervention process to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity320 and @entity1489 .

title: Public education and @entity1489 . What do XXXX need to know about @entity320 and @entity1489 ?

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of a mechanical mitral valve prosthesis @entity715 is currently made with transthoracic Doppler echocardiography and occasionally with fluoroscopy. However, identifying a @entity715 on a valve prosthesis may be difficult, especially if the @entity715 is nonobstructive. To prospectively define the role of transesophageal echocardiography for identification of nonobstructive thrombi, we studied a series of @entity1 in whom the prosthetic valve was considered to function normally on clinical examination and transthoracic echocardiography. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred fourteen consecutive @entity1 with mechanical mitral valve prosthesis were investigated by both transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography. These examinations were performed for recent systemic emboli (15 @entity1 ), fever of unknown etiology (11 @entity1 ), routine postoperative evaluation (56 @entity1 ), and other reasons (32 @entity1 ). Based on transthoracic echo diagnosis, all prostheses were considered normal. Yet, in 20 @entity1 transesophageal echocardiography revealed the presence of a 2- to 15-mm-long mobile @entity715 localized on the atrial surface of the prosthesis. When compared with the remaining 94 @entity1 with no visible thrombi, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of incidence of @entity955 (65% versus 52%), left atrial size (48 +/- 9 versus 51 +/- 13 mm), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (49 +/- 10 versus 51 +/- 13 mm) and fractional shortening (28 +/- 9% versus 31 +/- 10%), presence of spontaneous contrast to the left atrium (40% versus 41%), transprosthetic mean pressure gradient (4.0 +/- 1.4 versus 3.9 +/- 1.5 mm Hg), or the type of prosthesis used. After we discovered a nonobstructive @entity715 , @entity1 were treated with heparin (n = 9) or oral anticoagulation (n = 11). The presence of a localized @entity715 was confirmed in 3 @entity1 who were operated on. In the present study, evolution appeared to depend on @entity715 size: of 14 @entity1 exhibiting a small (< 5 mm) @entity715 , 10 had an uneventful course, whereas 5 of 6 @entity1 with a large (> or = 5 mm) @entity715 developed complications or died. CONCLUSIONS: Transesophageal echocardiography appears to be a reliable method to diagnose thrombi on a mechanical mitral valve prosthesis, even when transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic parameters appear to be normal. Transesophageal echo assessment of @entity715 size may be helpful in deciding whether a @entity1 with mitral prosthesis should be treated by anticoagulation, thrombolysis, or valve rereplacement.

title: Transesophageal echocardiography for the diagnosis and management of nonobstructive XXXX of mechanical mitral valve prosthesis.

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: African Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is the wildlife reservoir of multiple species within the @entity12354 , including @entity11250 which causes @entity12110 in @entity291 . A parasite, which has not yet been formally named, known as Theileria sp. (buffalo) has been recognized as a potentially distinct species based on rDNA sequence, since 1993. We demonstrate using reverse line blot (RLB) and sequencing of 18S rDNA genes, that in an area where buffalo and @entity291 co-graze and there is a heavy tick challenge, T. sp. (buffalo) can frequently be isolated in culture from @entity291 leukocytes. We also show that T. sp. (buffalo), which is genetically very closely related to @entity11250 , according to 18s rDNA sequence, has a conserved orthologue of the polymorphic immunodominant molecule (PIM) that forms the basis of the diagnostic ELISA used for @entity11250 serological detection. Closely related orthologues of several CD8 T cell target antigen genes are also shared with @entity11250 . By contrast, orthologues of the @entity11250 p104 and the p67 sporozoite surface antigens could not be amplified by PCR from T. sp. (buffalo), using conserved primers designed from the corresponding @entity11250 sequences. Collectively the data re-emphasise doubts regarding the value of rDNA sequence data alone for defining apicomplexan species in the absence of additional data. 'Deep 454 pyrosequencing' of DNA from two Theileria sporozoite stabilates prepared from Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks fed on buffalo failed to detect T. sp. (buffalo). This strongly suggests that R.  appendiculatus may not be a vector for T. sp. (buffalo). Collectively, the data provides further evidence that T. sp. (buffalo). is a distinct species from @entity11250 .

title: The African buffalo parasite Theileria. sp. (buffalo) can infect and immortalize XXXX leukocytes and encodes divergent orthologues of  Theileria parva antigen genes.

entities_list: @entity11250 :: ('5875', 'Species') :: ['Theileria parva', 'T.  parva']

entities_list: @entity12110 :: ('MESH:D013801', 'Disease') :: ['East coast fever']

entities_list: @entity12354 :: ('MESH:D011528', 'Disease') :: ['apicomplexan protozoan genus Theileria']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: A 45-year-old @entity1 , was admitted for investigation of severe @entity458 . During 20 years of marriage, he had had no normal sexual intercourse and the couple was childless. Physical examination disclosed a severely @entity28 @entity1 (weight 300 kg, height 1.75 m), with a relatively small and invaginated penis and small (5 ml) soft testes. Laboratory examinations disclosed the following: low serum @entity251 (1 ng/ml), with a reduced response to HCG (3.8 ng/ml). @entity443 was at the lower limit of normal (0.38 microgram/dl), serum free @entity251 was low (0.98% of total @entity251 ) as well as non- @entity443 bound @entity251 (22% of total @entity251 ). Daily total urinary @entity172 excretion was increased (107 micrograms), the plasma @entity1815 (78 pg/ml) and @entity53 (74 pg/ml) were elevated. The gonadotropins were normal and responded adequately to LRH. Plasma @entity2124 was decreased, prolactin, T4 and adrenal steroids were normal and responded normally to stimuli and inhibitors. Chromosomal constitution was 46XY. Thus, in this @entity1 the marked @entity28 produced a significant increase in @entity172 which subsequently induced a severe decrease in @entity251 and its free counterpart in excessive @entity73 .

title: Severe XXXX produced by morbid @entity28 . Report of a case.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen', 'estrogens']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'obese']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of sexual function']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual impairment']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity443 :: ('6462', 'Gene') :: ['Sex hormone binding globulin', 'SHBG']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual impairment']


abstract: A 45-year-old @entity1 , was admitted for investigation of severe @entity458 . During 20 years of marriage, he had had no normal sexual intercourse and the couple was childless. Physical examination disclosed a severely @entity28 @entity1 (weight 300 kg, height 1.75 m), with a relatively small and invaginated penis and small (5 ml) soft testes. Laboratory examinations disclosed the following: low serum @entity251 (1 ng/ml), with a reduced response to HCG (3.8 ng/ml). @entity443 was at the lower limit of normal (0.38 microgram/dl), serum free @entity251 was low (0.98% of total @entity251 ) as well as non- @entity443 bound @entity251 (22% of total @entity251 ). Daily total urinary @entity172 excretion was increased (107 micrograms), the plasma @entity1815 (78 pg/ml) and @entity53 (74 pg/ml) were elevated. The gonadotropins were normal and responded adequately to LRH. Plasma @entity2124 was decreased, prolactin, T4 and adrenal steroids were normal and responded normally to stimuli and inhibitors. Chromosomal constitution was 46XY. Thus, in this @entity1 the marked @entity28 produced a significant increase in @entity172 which subsequently induced a severe decrease in @entity251 and its free counterpart in excessive @entity73 .

title: Severe @entity458 produced by morbid XXXX . Report of a case.

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: One hundred and thirty-seven @entity1 with TNM staged T1 glottic @entity5 were treated from 1966 to 1980. The @entity1 characteristics were no different from those noted in previous studies. @entity1 were treated either with 60Co teletherapy units or 4 MeV linear accelerators with different daily (180-225) and weekly (4 times vs. 5 times) fractionation schemes. A recurrent-free survival was attained in 80% of the @entity1 2 years after primary treatment with radiation therapy. There were 27 local recurrences, of which 82% were salvaged with surgery for an overall adjusted survival of 95%. @entity1 treated on 60Co units with field sizes less than or equal to 30 sq. cm had a 15% increase in local recurrence compared with field size greater than 30 sq. cm, which could not be attributed to lower doses. Poorly differentiated @entity5 and those involving the anterior commissure were more likely to develop a local recurrence. Doses above 1900 ret were associated with a decrease in local recurrence in @entity1 having anterior commissure involvement. Salvage with limited surgery for failure was effective in selected cases.

title: The influence of field size, treatment modality, commissure involvement and histology in the treatment of early XXXX with irradiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['vocal cord cancer']


abstract: The antibacterial efficacy and tolerability of @entity73333 (EA) and @entity8657 (ES) were compared in 100 male @entity1 with @entity2954 ( @entity2954 ). The dosage of EA was 400 mg tid and that of ES 500 mg tid. Mean duration of treatment was ten days. When the final evaluation of the trial was made, the @entity1 material was divided into two groups. One group consisted of @entity1 with @entity1047 -positive culture before treatment, the other of @entity1047 -negative @entity1 with signs of @entity281 in the direct smear. There were 17 @entity1 with @entity281 in the EA-group, and the microbiological cure rate was 100%. In the ES-group there were 21 @entity1 with @entity281 and the microbiological cure rate was 95%. In the EA-group, the cure rate of @entity1047 -negative @entity2954 @entity1 was 78%, and the corresponding figure in the ES-group was 86%. There was no difference in the cure rates between the two groups on either drug. In the EA-group, 25 @entity1 (50%) reported side effects, in 22 these were gastrointestinal. In the ES-group, 26 @entity1 (52%) reported side effects; in 22 these were gastrointestinal. Two @entity1 in the EA-group discontinued the treatment because of gastrointestinal side effects. There were no differences between the groups in the frequency, severity and duration of side effects.

title: XXXX and @entity8657 in the treatment of @entity2954 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2954 :: ('MESH:D006069', 'Disease') :: ['NGU', 'non-gonococcal urethritis']

entities_list: @entity8657 :: ('MESH:C011462', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin stearate']

entities_list: @entity73333 :: ('MESH:C056625', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin acistrate']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['chlamydial infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['chlamydia']

answer: @entity73333 :: (MESH:C056625,Chemical) :: ['Erythromycin acistrate']


abstract: The antibacterial efficacy and tolerability of @entity73333 (EA) and @entity8657 (ES) were compared in 100 male @entity1 with @entity2954 ( @entity2954 ). The dosage of EA was 400 mg tid and that of ES 500 mg tid. Mean duration of treatment was ten days. When the final evaluation of the trial was made, the @entity1 material was divided into two groups. One group consisted of @entity1 with @entity1047 -positive culture before treatment, the other of @entity1047 -negative @entity1 with signs of @entity281 in the direct smear. There were 17 @entity1 with @entity281 in the EA-group, and the microbiological cure rate was 100%. In the ES-group there were 21 @entity1 with @entity281 and the microbiological cure rate was 95%. In the EA-group, the cure rate of @entity1047 -negative @entity2954 @entity1 was 78%, and the corresponding figure in the ES-group was 86%. There was no difference in the cure rates between the two groups on either drug. In the EA-group, 25 @entity1 (50%) reported side effects, in 22 these were gastrointestinal. In the ES-group, 26 @entity1 (52%) reported side effects; in 22 these were gastrointestinal. Two @entity1 in the EA-group discontinued the treatment because of gastrointestinal side effects. There were no differences between the groups in the frequency, severity and duration of side effects.

title: @entity73333 and XXXX in the treatment of @entity2954 .

answer: @entity8657 :: (MESH:C011462,Chemical) :: ['erythromycin stearate']


abstract: The antibacterial efficacy and tolerability of @entity73333 (EA) and @entity8657 (ES) were compared in 100 male @entity1 with @entity2954 ( @entity2954 ). The dosage of EA was 400 mg tid and that of ES 500 mg tid. Mean duration of treatment was ten days. When the final evaluation of the trial was made, the @entity1 material was divided into two groups. One group consisted of @entity1 with @entity1047 -positive culture before treatment, the other of @entity1047 -negative @entity1 with signs of @entity281 in the direct smear. There were 17 @entity1 with @entity281 in the EA-group, and the microbiological cure rate was 100%. In the ES-group there were 21 @entity1 with @entity281 and the microbiological cure rate was 95%. In the EA-group, the cure rate of @entity1047 -negative @entity2954 @entity1 was 78%, and the corresponding figure in the ES-group was 86%. There was no difference in the cure rates between the two groups on either drug. In the EA-group, 25 @entity1 (50%) reported side effects, in 22 these were gastrointestinal. In the ES-group, 26 @entity1 (52%) reported side effects; in 22 these were gastrointestinal. Two @entity1 in the EA-group discontinued the treatment because of gastrointestinal side effects. There were no differences between the groups in the frequency, severity and duration of side effects.

title: @entity73333 and @entity8657 in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2954 :: (MESH:D006069,Disease) :: ['non-gonococcal urethritis']


abstract: The present investigation introduces a @entity15857 ( @entity15857 ) for use during protracted resting cold exposure. The scale contains categories ranging consecutively from 0, i.e., Nothing at all, to 10, i.e., Very, very cold. Eight Caucasian @entity1 were randomly exposed to ambient air in a climatically controlled environmental chamber of 8 degrees, 12 degrees, and 27 degrees C for 120 min. on 3 separate occasions and monitored for rectal temperature (Tre), mean skin temperature ( @entity28681 ), ventilation (VE), and @entity26 consumption (VO2). The terminal perceptual categories were anchored for 8 subjects and a standard set of instructions was presented prior to each trial. The anchor temperature was the room air in the anteroom which was 27 degrees C, representing 0, i.e., "Nothing at all," to extend the scale so that subsequent judgments on the scale were expressed in relation to this category. In addition, the subjects were also asked to imagine the coldest that they have ever experienced and this was designed to anchor "Very, very cold." The relations between scale scores and the thermoregulatory variables were examined with a simple linear regression and coefficients of correlation and determination for each subject. High coefficients of determination between @entity28681 , VO2, and VE indicated that, for individual subjects, the scores on the scale were related to VE, @entity28681 , and VO2. High reliability coefficients for @entity15857 were also reported. In addition, the ratings and VO2 relation tended to be similar between subjects. Therefore, this scale appears to be a valid and reliable tool for measuring the perception of cold when at rest in air.

title: A XXXX for use during resting exposure to cold air.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity15857 :: ('MESH:C535473', 'Disease') :: ['thermal perception scale', 'TS']

answer: @entity15857 :: (MESH:C535473,Disease) :: ['thermal perception scale']


abstract: The morphological findings of the carotid bodies of two cases with @entity299 are presented. The first case, a 14-year-old @entity1 with @entity1757 accompanied with @entity1146 of the tricuspidal valve showed a life-long history of @entity120 and hypoxaemia. The carotid bodies were not enlarged, but the diameters of the glomic lobules were increased and its margins were sometimes blurred. There was a marked increase of glomic tissue within the carotid bodies. The ratio of chief to sustentacular cells remained unchanged. The second case, a 59-year-old @entity1 with a double inlet left ventricle, had a history of @entity120 and hypoxaemia of more than 23 years. The carotid bodies as well as the diameters of the glomic lobules were much more enlarged than in case one. There was an increase of glomic tissue within the carotid bodies, too. The histological examination showed a marked increase of sustentacular and Schwann cells. These results show that the findings of carotid bodies in cyanotic @entity299 may be different depending on the duration of hypoxaemia.

title: The carotid bodies in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['atrial and ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cyanotic heart disease', 'heart diseases']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cyanotic heart disease']


abstract: A 27-month-old @entity1 of Hispanic background developed @entity129 , @entity1282 , bloody nasal discharge, and @entity146 . Radiographic evaluations showed extensive destruction of the clivus by a large @entity5 that invaded the sphenoid bone, left cavernous sinus, ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity, and left orbit. @entity3977 were also noted. The bone marrow and spinal fluid showed no evident @entity5 cells. Transnasal biopsy revealed a @entity3580 . Treatment was initiated with a combination of @entity1260 , mesna, and @entity2879 along with radiation therapy to the @entity5 . Shifting pulmonary densities were noted on serial films. Despite some clinical improvement, the @entity1 developed rapidly progressive @entity519 3 weeks after admission and died. Autopsy showed persistent viable @entity5 in the primary site and massive @entity2 emboli, @entity1188 , and widespread lung parenchymal @entity3 . No other sites of @entity5 involvement were discovered. This is the second @entity1 reported with @entity932 , pulmonary @entity3 at diagnosis, and early death attributed to @entity1151 .

title: Metastatic XXXX in a @entity1 with massive @entity1151 .

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['multiple cranial nerve palsies']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial chordoma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cranial tumor']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary arteriolar tumor']

entities_list: @entity3977 :: ('MESH:D055613', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple pulmonary nodules']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tumor emboli']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['difficulty swallowing']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity932 :: (MESH:D020300,Disease) :: ['intracranial chordoma']


abstract: A 27-month-old @entity1 of Hispanic background developed @entity129 , @entity1282 , bloody nasal discharge, and @entity146 . Radiographic evaluations showed extensive destruction of the clivus by a large @entity5 that invaded the sphenoid bone, left cavernous sinus, ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity, and left orbit. @entity3977 were also noted. The bone marrow and spinal fluid showed no evident @entity5 cells. Transnasal biopsy revealed a @entity3580 . Treatment was initiated with a combination of @entity1260 , mesna, and @entity2879 along with radiation therapy to the @entity5 . Shifting pulmonary densities were noted on serial films. Despite some clinical improvement, the @entity1 developed rapidly progressive @entity519 3 weeks after admission and died. Autopsy showed persistent viable @entity5 in the primary site and massive @entity2 emboli, @entity1188 , and widespread lung parenchymal @entity3 . No other sites of @entity5 involvement were discovered. This is the second @entity1 reported with @entity932 , pulmonary @entity3 at diagnosis, and early death attributed to @entity1151 .

title: Metastatic @entity932 in a @entity1 with massive XXXX .

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary tumor emboli']


abstract: A 27-month-old @entity1 of Hispanic background developed @entity129 , @entity1282 , bloody nasal discharge, and @entity146 . Radiographic evaluations showed extensive destruction of the clivus by a large @entity5 that invaded the sphenoid bone, left cavernous sinus, ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity, and left orbit. @entity3977 were also noted. The bone marrow and spinal fluid showed no evident @entity5 cells. Transnasal biopsy revealed a @entity3580 . Treatment was initiated with a combination of @entity1260 , mesna, and @entity2879 along with radiation therapy to the @entity5 . Shifting pulmonary densities were noted on serial films. Despite some clinical improvement, the @entity1 developed rapidly progressive @entity519 3 weeks after admission and died. Autopsy showed persistent viable @entity5 in the primary site and massive @entity2 emboli, @entity1188 , and widespread lung parenchymal @entity3 . No other sites of @entity5 involvement were discovered. This is the second @entity1 reported with @entity932 , pulmonary @entity3 at diagnosis, and early death attributed to @entity1151 .

title: Metastatic @entity932 in a XXXX with massive @entity1151 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: Regional cerebral blood flow ( @entity13279 ) was measured prior to, during and after global @entity2806 in @entity35 . @entity2806 was produced by 10 or 30-min occlusion of both common carotid arteries which was done 24 hr after the permanent electrocauterization of bilateral vertebral arteries. The @entity13279 was measured using the radioactive microsphere technique. In @entity35 subjected to 10-min @entity2806 , @entity13279 in 9 brain regions was reduced to 11.3-54.8% (mean: 26.9%) of that of the sham operated control. Ten min after recirculation, hyperperfusion was observed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum, and a moderate recovery was detected in the n.accumb. + olfactory tub., thalamus and hypothalamus. However, @entity13279 in these 6 regions was again decreased 20-30 min later, and it recovered to levels more than 50% of the control 60 min after the ischemic event. In the other 3 regions (cerebellum, colliculus sup. + inf., pons + medulla), @entity13279 increased toward the control level gradually, and it completely recovered 60 min after recirculation. On the other hand, in @entity35 subjected to 30-min @entity2806 , @entity13279 in 9 brain regions was reduced to 1.77-26.3% (mean: 9.6%) of that of the control. The post-ischemic hyperperfusion in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and a moderate recovery of @entity13279 in the striatum and n.accumb. + olfactory tub. were observed 10 min after the @entity2806 . However, @entity13279 in these 4 regions remained under the control levels from 20 to 60 min after recirculation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Regional cerebral blood flow in @entity35 with XXXX produced by bilateral vertebral and carotid artery occlusion].

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['Global cerebral ischemia', 'cerebral ischemia']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['cerebral ischemia']


abstract: Regional cerebral blood flow ( @entity13279 ) was measured prior to, during and after global @entity2806 in @entity35 . @entity2806 was produced by 10 or 30-min occlusion of both common carotid arteries which was done 24 hr after the permanent electrocauterization of bilateral vertebral arteries. The @entity13279 was measured using the radioactive microsphere technique. In @entity35 subjected to 10-min @entity2806 , @entity13279 in 9 brain regions was reduced to 11.3-54.8% (mean: 26.9%) of that of the sham operated control. Ten min after recirculation, hyperperfusion was observed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum, and a moderate recovery was detected in the n.accumb. + olfactory tub., thalamus and hypothalamus. However, @entity13279 in these 6 regions was again decreased 20-30 min later, and it recovered to levels more than 50% of the control 60 min after the ischemic event. In the other 3 regions (cerebellum, colliculus sup. + inf., pons + medulla), @entity13279 increased toward the control level gradually, and it completely recovered 60 min after recirculation. On the other hand, in @entity35 subjected to 30-min @entity2806 , @entity13279 in 9 brain regions was reduced to 1.77-26.3% (mean: 9.6%) of that of the control. The post-ischemic hyperperfusion in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and a moderate recovery of @entity13279 in the striatum and n.accumb. + olfactory tub. were observed 10 min after the @entity2806 . However, @entity13279 in these 4 regions remained under the control levels from 20 to 60 min after recirculation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Regional cerebral blood flow in XXXX with @entity2806 produced by bilateral vertebral and carotid artery occlusion].

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Using immunocytochemical methods we have studied the distribution of @entity53568 in the anterior and posterior latissimus dorsi skeletal ( @entity8019 and PLD, respectively) muscles of the adult @entity1573 . The @entity8019 muscle is made up of both tonic (85%) and twitch (15%) myofibers, and the PLD muscle is made up entirely of twitch myofibers. In indirect immunofluorescence, antivinculin antibodies stained specific regions adjacent to the sarcolemma of the @entity8019 and PLD muscles. In the central and myotendinous regions of the @entity8019 , staining of the tonic fibers was intense all around the fiber periphery. Staining of the twitch fibers of both @entity8019 and PLD muscles was intense only at neuromuscular junctions and myotendinous regions. Electron microscopy revealed subsarcolemmal, electron-dense plaques associated with the membrane only in those regions where @entity53568 was localized by immunofluorescence. Using antivinculin antibody and protein A conjugated to colloidal gold, we found that the electron-dense subsarcolemmal densities in the tonic fibers of the @entity8019 contain @entity53568 ; no other structures were labeled. The basal lamina overlying the densities appeared to be connected to the sarcolemma by fine, filamentous structures, more enriched at these sites than elsewhere along the muscle fiber. Increased amounts of endomysial connective tissue were often found just outside the basal lamina near the densities. In @entity8019 muscle fibers, the subsarcolemmal densities were present preferentially over the I-bands. In partially contracted @entity8019 muscle, subsarcolemmal densities adjacent to the Z-disk appeared to be connected to that structure by short filaments. We propose that in the @entity8019 muscle, through their association with the extracellular matrix, the densities stabilize the muscle membrane and perhaps assist in force transmission.

title: XXXX in subsarcolemmal densities in @entity1573 skeletal muscle: localization and relationship to intracellular and extracellular structures.

answer: @entity53568 :: (396422(Tax:9031),Gene) :: ['Vinculin']


abstract: Using immunocytochemical methods we have studied the distribution of @entity53568 in the anterior and posterior latissimus dorsi skeletal ( @entity8019 and PLD, respectively) muscles of the adult @entity1573 . The @entity8019 muscle is made up of both tonic (85%) and twitch (15%) myofibers, and the PLD muscle is made up entirely of twitch myofibers. In indirect immunofluorescence, antivinculin antibodies stained specific regions adjacent to the sarcolemma of the @entity8019 and PLD muscles. In the central and myotendinous regions of the @entity8019 , staining of the tonic fibers was intense all around the fiber periphery. Staining of the twitch fibers of both @entity8019 and PLD muscles was intense only at neuromuscular junctions and myotendinous regions. Electron microscopy revealed subsarcolemmal, electron-dense plaques associated with the membrane only in those regions where @entity53568 was localized by immunofluorescence. Using antivinculin antibody and protein A conjugated to colloidal gold, we found that the electron-dense subsarcolemmal densities in the tonic fibers of the @entity8019 contain @entity53568 ; no other structures were labeled. The basal lamina overlying the densities appeared to be connected to the sarcolemma by fine, filamentous structures, more enriched at these sites than elsewhere along the muscle fiber. Increased amounts of endomysial connective tissue were often found just outside the basal lamina near the densities. In @entity8019 muscle fibers, the subsarcolemmal densities were present preferentially over the I-bands. In partially contracted @entity8019 muscle, subsarcolemmal densities adjacent to the Z-disk appeared to be connected to that structure by short filaments. We propose that in the @entity8019 muscle, through their association with the extracellular matrix, the densities stabilize the muscle membrane and perhaps assist in force transmission.

title: @entity53568 in subsarcolemmal densities in XXXX skeletal muscle: localization and relationship to intracellular and extracellular structures.

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: From a consecutive series of 451 @entity1 with post-cholecystectomy symptoms referred for @entity10747 ( @entity10747 ), 40 (9 per cent) were diagnosed as having @entity1690 . Eight @entity1 were excluded from the study because of incomplete data (n = 6) or additional diagnoses (n = 2). Thirty of the @entity1 had successful @entity10747 and endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES); this failed in the remaining two because of severe @entity1377 (6.3 per cent). Endoscopic biliary manometry was performed in 23 @entity1 (77 per cent). Immediate post-ES complications occurred in eight @entity1 (25 per cent). At a median follow-up of 46 months (range 10-88 months) 19 @entity1 had a good outcome (63.3 per cent) and 11 @entity1 had a poor outcome (36.7 per cent). @entity1 with a good outcome tended to have a delay of months or years following cholecystectomy before the development of symptoms (median 6 years versus 0 years, P = 0.0003). At @entity10747 , @entity1 with a good outcome had greater common bile duct diameters (mean +/- s.d. mm, 12.6 +/- 3.6 versus 8.8 +/- 1.8, P = 0.0003) and delayed drainage from the biliary tree of injected contrast (13 versus 2 @entity1 , P = 0.02). Endoscopic biliary manometry was abnormal in all 15 @entity1 with a good outcome in whom it was performed but in only 3 out of 8 @entity1 with a poor outcome (P = 0.003). @entity1690 is an important, albeit uncommon, cause of post-cholecystectomy symptoms. ES provides symptomatic relief in the majority of @entity1 but improved criteria for predicting outcome are required.

title: XXXX : results of treatment by endoscopic sphincterotomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter of Oddi dysfunction', 'Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity10747 :: ('MESH:D012183', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography', 'ERCP']

answer: @entity1690 :: (MESH:D046628,Disease) :: ['Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction']