abstract: UNASSIGNED: We wished to evaluate the effects of @entity3494 on the morphology and anatomy of @entity5598 , Raphanus sativus, @entity13344 , @entity5598 . capitata and @entity5598 . italica. Seeds were subjected to concentrations 0  M, 250  M, 350  M and 450  M @entity3494 in the form of @entity24808 ( @entity24808 ) during 12 days. All species accumulated more @entity3494 in the roots than in the shoots, except for @entity5598 . capitata. There was no difference of translocation factor between species and treatments. Growth decrease was observed in roots of @entity5598 and R. sativus, and in shoots of R. sativus and @entity5598 . italica. All species presented anatomical alterations in the roots, such as: cell @entity1184 , protoplast retraction, cellular plasmolysis, and @entity39 regions. @entity13344 presented collapse and @entity1184 of cells from the leaf blade tissues. Quantitative anatomical analyses performed on the root and leaves of @entity5598 and @entity13344 revealed that @entity3494 interfered on the root vascular cylinder diameter and on height of epidermal cells of the adaxial leaf surface of both species. We concluded that @entity3494 was absorbed from the culture medium and induced alterations both on root and shoot growth of the seedlings. Retention of @entity3494 within the root was responsible for major damage in this organ.

title: XXXX accumulation in Brassicaceae seedlings and its effects on growth and plant anatomy.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity5598 :: ('3712', 'Species') :: ['Brassica oleracea var', 'Brassica oleracea', 'B. oleracea var', 'B. oleracea']

entities_list: @entity24808 :: ('MESH:C009277', 'Chemical') :: ['Na2HAsO4  7H2O', 'sodium arsenate']

entities_list: @entity13344 :: ('3707', 'Species') :: ['Brassica juncea', 'B. juncea']

answer: @entity3494 :: (MESH:D001151,Chemical) :: ['Arsenic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is no consensus regarding prophylactic central lymph node dissection (pCLND) in @entity1 with @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ). Identification of risk factors for central @entity1600 (CLNM) in @entity1 with @entity3557 could assist surgeons in determining whether to perform selective pCLND. METHODS: The National @entity5 database was queried from 1998 to 2011 for @entity1 with clinical staging T1-4cN0M0 @entity3557 . All @entity1 underwent near, sub-, or total thyroidectomy with or without pCLND. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed on the following clinical variables: age, sex, race and @entity5 size as risk factors for pathologic CLNM (pN1a). RESULTS: In 39,562 @entity1 with T1-4cN0M0 @entity3557 , 61% underwent pCLND. @entity1 with age >45  years, African American race, @entity5 size  <=1  cm, unifocal @entity5 , follicular variant @entity3557 , no insurance, and treatment at @entity5 facilities were less likely to have pCLND (P  <  .001). In the pCLND group, 15.6% of @entity1 had CLNM. On adjusted multivariable logistic regression, age  <=45  years, Asian race, male sex, and larger @entity5 were statistically significantly associated with CLNM. CONCLUSION: Age  <=45  years, Asian race, male sex, and larger @entity5 are associated with the presence of CLNM, which allows for selective pCLND in @entity3557 .

title: Risk factors for central XXXX in @entity3557 : A National @entity5 Data Base (NCDB) study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'community cancer', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

answer: @entity1600 :: (MESH:D014388,Disease) :: ['lymph node metastasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is no consensus regarding prophylactic central lymph node dissection (pCLND) in @entity1 with @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ). Identification of risk factors for central @entity1600 (CLNM) in @entity1 with @entity3557 could assist surgeons in determining whether to perform selective pCLND. METHODS: The National @entity5 database was queried from 1998 to 2011 for @entity1 with clinical staging T1-4cN0M0 @entity3557 . All @entity1 underwent near, sub-, or total thyroidectomy with or without pCLND. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed on the following clinical variables: age, sex, race and @entity5 size as risk factors for pathologic CLNM (pN1a). RESULTS: In 39,562 @entity1 with T1-4cN0M0 @entity3557 , 61% underwent pCLND. @entity1 with age >45  years, African American race, @entity5 size  <=1  cm, unifocal @entity5 , follicular variant @entity3557 , no insurance, and treatment at @entity5 facilities were less likely to have pCLND (P  <  .001). In the pCLND group, 15.6% of @entity1 had CLNM. On adjusted multivariable logistic regression, age  <=45  years, Asian race, male sex, and larger @entity5 were statistically significantly associated with CLNM. CONCLUSION: Age  <=45  years, Asian race, male sex, and larger @entity5 are associated with the presence of CLNM, which allows for selective pCLND in @entity3557 .

title: Risk factors for central @entity1600 in XXXX : A National @entity5 Data Base (NCDB) study.

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is no consensus regarding prophylactic central lymph node dissection (pCLND) in @entity1 with @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ). Identification of risk factors for central @entity1600 (CLNM) in @entity1 with @entity3557 could assist surgeons in determining whether to perform selective pCLND. METHODS: The National @entity5 database was queried from 1998 to 2011 for @entity1 with clinical staging T1-4cN0M0 @entity3557 . All @entity1 underwent near, sub-, or total thyroidectomy with or without pCLND. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed on the following clinical variables: age, sex, race and @entity5 size as risk factors for pathologic CLNM (pN1a). RESULTS: In 39,562 @entity1 with T1-4cN0M0 @entity3557 , 61% underwent pCLND. @entity1 with age >45  years, African American race, @entity5 size  <=1  cm, unifocal @entity5 , follicular variant @entity3557 , no insurance, and treatment at @entity5 facilities were less likely to have pCLND (P  <  .001). In the pCLND group, 15.6% of @entity1 had CLNM. On adjusted multivariable logistic regression, age  <=45  years, Asian race, male sex, and larger @entity5 were statistically significantly associated with CLNM. CONCLUSION: Age  <=45  years, Asian race, male sex, and larger @entity5 are associated with the presence of CLNM, which allows for selective pCLND in @entity3557 .

title: Risk factors for central @entity1600 in @entity3557 : A National XXXX Data Base (NCDB) study.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: The follow-up of treated @entity11 ( @entity11 ) requires the evaluation of subtle clinical changes and MRI results. When the result is inconclusive, additional procedures are required to assist decision-making, such as the use of advanced MRI (aMRI) sequences and nuclear medicine scans (SPECT and PET). The aim of this study was to determine whether incorporating @entity9242 PET/CT in the follow-up protocol for treated @entity11 improves diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility. METHODS: This was a prospective case-series study in @entity1 with treated @entity11 during standard follow-up with indeterminate clinical and/or radiological findings of @entity5 activity. All @entity1 underwent clinical evaluation, aMRI, (201)Tl-SPECT and @entity9242 PET/CT. Images were interpreted by visual evaluation complemented with semiquantitative analysis. RESULTS: Between January 2012 and December 2013, 18 @entity1 were included in this study. The final diagnosis was established by histology (five surgical specimens, one biopsy specimen) or by consensus of the Neuro-Oncology Group (11 @entity1 ) after a follow-up of >6  months (mean 14.9        2.72  months). The global diagnostic accuracies were 90.9  % for aMRI (38.8  % inconclusive), 69.2  % for (201)Tl-SPECT (11.1  % inconclusive), and 100  % for @entity9242 PET/CT. (201)Tl-SPECT led correctly to a change in the initial approach in 38.9  % of @entity1 but might have led to error in 27.8  %. The use of @entity9242 PET/CT alone rather than (201)Tl-SPECT led correctly to a change in the approach suggested by routine follow-up in 72.2  % of @entity1 and endorsed the approach in the remaining 27.8  %. CONCLUSION: Our results support the need to complement structural MRI with aMRI and nuclear medicine procedures in selected @entity1 . @entity9242 PET/CT can be useful in the individualized management of @entity1 with treated @entity11 with uncertain clinical and/or radiological evidence of @entity5 activity.

title: XXXX PET/CT as a complementary tool in the follow-up of @entity11 : diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility.

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['LGG', 'low-grade glioma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity9242 :: ('MESH:C514960', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluorocholine', '(18)F-Fluorocholine']

answer: @entity9242 :: (MESH:C514960,Chemical) :: ['(18)F-Fluorocholine']


abstract: PURPOSE: The follow-up of treated @entity11 ( @entity11 ) requires the evaluation of subtle clinical changes and MRI results. When the result is inconclusive, additional procedures are required to assist decision-making, such as the use of advanced MRI (aMRI) sequences and nuclear medicine scans (SPECT and PET). The aim of this study was to determine whether incorporating @entity9242 PET/CT in the follow-up protocol for treated @entity11 improves diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility. METHODS: This was a prospective case-series study in @entity1 with treated @entity11 during standard follow-up with indeterminate clinical and/or radiological findings of @entity5 activity. All @entity1 underwent clinical evaluation, aMRI, (201)Tl-SPECT and @entity9242 PET/CT. Images were interpreted by visual evaluation complemented with semiquantitative analysis. RESULTS: Between January 2012 and December 2013, 18 @entity1 were included in this study. The final diagnosis was established by histology (five surgical specimens, one biopsy specimen) or by consensus of the Neuro-Oncology Group (11 @entity1 ) after a follow-up of >6  months (mean 14.9        2.72  months). The global diagnostic accuracies were 90.9  % for aMRI (38.8  % inconclusive), 69.2  % for (201)Tl-SPECT (11.1  % inconclusive), and 100  % for @entity9242 PET/CT. (201)Tl-SPECT led correctly to a change in the initial approach in 38.9  % of @entity1 but might have led to error in 27.8  %. The use of @entity9242 PET/CT alone rather than (201)Tl-SPECT led correctly to a change in the approach suggested by routine follow-up in 72.2  % of @entity1 and endorsed the approach in the remaining 27.8  %. CONCLUSION: Our results support the need to complement structural MRI with aMRI and nuclear medicine procedures in selected @entity1 . @entity9242 PET/CT can be useful in the individualized management of @entity1 with treated @entity11 with uncertain clinical and/or radiological evidence of @entity5 activity.

title: @entity9242 PET/CT as a complementary tool in the follow-up of XXXX : diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility.

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['low-grade glioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic liver parenchymal diseases as well as @entity1448 are established risk factors for @entity1578 after partial hepatectomy. As hepatocellular (HCC) and cholangiocellular (CCC) @entity189 often require extended resection due to the often considerable size of @entity5 - in an often priorly damaged liver - surgery for these entities is usually demanding. Due to the lack of potent systemic treatment for primary @entity96 , surgery remains the only potentially curative treatment option for CCC and most HCC; therefore, perioperative risk factors for @entity1578 should be reduced as far as possible. OBJECTIVES: In this study measures for reducing the risk of @entity1578 after extended liver resections were analyzed. METHODS: This analysis was based on a selective literature search in the Pubmed databank. RESULTS: Medical measures can be used to lower the degree of @entity1560 or the inflammatory reaction of @entity63 /reperfusion injury. In particular, biliary decompression should be achieved in @entity3883 prior to liver surgery, e.g. for @entity201 , as @entity409 . Moreover, the future liver remnant volume after extended liver resection can be increased by embolization (PVE) or ligation of major branches of the portal vein. Similar results as for PVE regarding liver @entity1184 have been reported from unilateral selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT) although this effect appears prolonged and less impressive than after PVE. In addition, two-stage concepts for liver surgery, which are also based on the regenerative potential of the liver, may lower the complication rate and increase @entity1 safety by increasing liver volume. However, conventional two-stage procedures harbor the risk of disease progression during the time lapse to the second step which contraindicates complete resection in 20-30   % of @entity1 . In contrast to this, a complete @entity5 resection is possible in nearly all @entity1 treated by the associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) procedure but long-term results regarding @entity5 recurrence rate are scarce due to the limited experience with this novel technique. CONCLUSION: The perioperative risks of extended liver resection can be lowered by technical and medical measures.

title: [Primary XXXX : Preoperative conditioning of the liver and perioperative management in extended liver resection].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatosis']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis impairs liver regeneration']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['hilar cholangiocarcinoma']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['liver tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the preoperative prevalence of each type of J-wave syndrome electrocardiographic pattern and its association with perioperative @entity299 . DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Single hospital university study. @entity1 : The study evaluated 930 @entity1 who underwent gynecologic, abdominal, neurosurgical, orthopedic, and urologic surgeries. INTERVENTIONS: Preoperative standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring was performed, and each type of J-wave syndrome ECG pattern-types 1, 2, and 3 and Brugada syndrome-type-was evaluated. Incidence of perioperative @entity299 was investigated up to 1 year postoperatively using an electronic medical record system. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Data from 789 @entity1 were included in the final study. Of these, 16 @entity1 (2.0%) had J-wave syndrome: 7 @entity1 (0.9%) had type-1 patterns; 5 @entity1 (0.6%) had type-2 patterns; 2 @entity1 (0.3%) had type-3 patterns; and 2 @entity1 (0.3%) had @entity1789 patterns. A J-point elevation>= 0.2 mV, which is considered to be more dangerous, was found in only 2 @entity1 with @entity1789 patterns, both of whom suffered perioperative @entity943 . CONCLUSION: @entity1 with J-wave syndrome ECG patterns, even dangerous patterns, are not necessarily associated with a higher risk of perioperative @entity299 . However, @entity1789 patterns should be carefully monitored.

title: Preoperative Prevalence of J-Wave Syndrome Electrocardiographic Patterns and Their Association With Perioperative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1789 :: ('MESH:D053840', 'Disease') :: ['Brugada syndrome-type ECG', 'Brugada syndrome type ECG']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['lethal arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Cardiac Events']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the incidence and risk factors for retinal pigment epithelium tears following intravitreal @entity7 ( @entity7 ) injections. METHODS: Retrospective longitudinal study. 4027 intravitreal anti- @entity7 injections in 628 @entity1 (676 eyes) for @entity3193 associated with age related @entity1020 in a period of 18 months were studied. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity1 (mean age 83.95  5.84) developed retinal pigment epithelium tears. The incidence rate was 0.4%. Fibrovascular pigment epithelium detachment (PED) was previously observed in all cases. In 88 % (15/17) of @entity13785 @entity1 that had a RPE tear, PED height was found to be less than 400 microns at presentation. In 5 of 7 @entity1 with RPE tear grade <4, continuing of anti- @entity7 treatment resulted to improvement of visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Critical risk factors for RPE tears are presence of PED as well as advanced age. Visual improvement appears to depend more on the extent and location of the RPE tear and less on the PED height.

title: Incidence of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Tears and Associated Risk Factors After Treatment of Age-Related @entity1020 with Intravitreal Anti- XXXX Injections.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'anti-vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal neovascularisation']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['VEGF']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the incidence and risk factors for retinal pigment epithelium tears following intravitreal @entity7 ( @entity7 ) injections. METHODS: Retrospective longitudinal study. 4027 intravitreal anti- @entity7 injections in 628 @entity1 (676 eyes) for @entity3193 associated with age related @entity1020 in a period of 18 months were studied. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity1 (mean age 83.95  5.84) developed retinal pigment epithelium tears. The incidence rate was 0.4%. Fibrovascular pigment epithelium detachment (PED) was previously observed in all cases. In 88 % (15/17) of @entity13785 @entity1 that had a RPE tear, PED height was found to be less than 400 microns at presentation. In 5 of 7 @entity1 with RPE tear grade <4, continuing of anti- @entity7 treatment resulted to improvement of visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Critical risk factors for RPE tears are presence of PED as well as advanced age. Visual improvement appears to depend more on the extent and location of the RPE tear and less on the PED height.

title: Incidence of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Tears and Associated Risk Factors After Treatment of Age-Related XXXX with Intravitreal Anti- @entity7 Injections.

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['Macular Degeneration']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: LGGs (low-grade @entity11 ) are sometimes encountered by chance during radiological examinations. These incidentally discovered LGGs (IDLGGs) were relatively under-studied in the literature. The purpose of current study is to review a cohort of @entity1 with IDLGGs surgically treated in our institution for their clinical and histological aspects and determine their @entity818 and 1p19q status. METHODS: All @entity1 with hemispheric LGGs receiving operation in our institution between 2001 and 2004 were reviewed. Clinical, radiological and treatment data of the @entity1 were collected and IDLGGs were retrieved and compared with symptomatic LGGs. Histological review was carried out and @entity406 -fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues of IDLGGs were examined for @entity818 / @entity14051 mutation and 1p/19q codeletion. RESULTS: Twenty three IDLGGs (10.4%) were identified while 196 @entity1 had symptomatic LGGs. The reasons for @entity1 with IDLGGs having radiological examination included @entity130 (47.8%), @entity1296 (26.1%), unrelated @entity10 (21.7%), and health checkup (4.4%). Clinically, @entity1 with IDLGGs had higher preoperative KPS (P < 0.001), smaller @entity5 volume (P = 0.014), lower frequency of eloquent areas involvement (P < 0.001) and higher rate of complete resection (P = 0.037) comparing to those with symptomatic LGGs. Histologically, there is a preponderance of @entity3271 and 11 oligoastrocytomas but there were also 6 @entity816 . @entity818 mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion were detected in 95.7% (22/23) and 69.6% (16/23) of IDLGGs, respectively. The latter encompassed all but one of the cases of @entity5 . @entity1 with IDLGGs had longer overall survival than those with symptomatic LGGs (P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the majority of IDLGGs are @entity818 mutated and are predominantly @entity5 . With a median follow-up of 9.3 years to our series, we conclude that @entity1 with IDLGGs had better prognosis than those with symptomatic LGGs. The favorable prognosis of IDLGGs may be accounted by the higher practicability of extensive resection, non-eloquent @entity5 location and smaller @entity5 volume. Frequent @entity818 mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion in IDLGGs may also contribute to the favorable prognosis of this subgroup of @entity1 .

title: Surgically treated incidentally discovered low-grade @entity11 are mostly XXXX mutated and 1p19q co-deleted with favorable prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'oligodendroglial tumors']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendroglial differentiation with 6 oligodendrogliomas']

answer: @entity818 :: (3417,Gene) :: ['IDH']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: LGGs (low-grade @entity11 ) are sometimes encountered by chance during radiological examinations. These incidentally discovered LGGs (IDLGGs) were relatively under-studied in the literature. The purpose of current study is to review a cohort of @entity1 with IDLGGs surgically treated in our institution for their clinical and histological aspects and determine their @entity818 and 1p19q status. METHODS: All @entity1 with hemispheric LGGs receiving operation in our institution between 2001 and 2004 were reviewed. Clinical, radiological and treatment data of the @entity1 were collected and IDLGGs were retrieved and compared with symptomatic LGGs. Histological review was carried out and @entity406 -fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues of IDLGGs were examined for @entity818 / @entity14051 mutation and 1p/19q codeletion. RESULTS: Twenty three IDLGGs (10.4%) were identified while 196 @entity1 had symptomatic LGGs. The reasons for @entity1 with IDLGGs having radiological examination included @entity130 (47.8%), @entity1296 (26.1%), unrelated @entity10 (21.7%), and health checkup (4.4%). Clinically, @entity1 with IDLGGs had higher preoperative KPS (P < 0.001), smaller @entity5 volume (P = 0.014), lower frequency of eloquent areas involvement (P < 0.001) and higher rate of complete resection (P = 0.037) comparing to those with symptomatic LGGs. Histologically, there is a preponderance of @entity3271 and 11 oligoastrocytomas but there were also 6 @entity816 . @entity818 mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion were detected in 95.7% (22/23) and 69.6% (16/23) of IDLGGs, respectively. The latter encompassed all but one of the cases of @entity5 . @entity1 with IDLGGs had longer overall survival than those with symptomatic LGGs (P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the majority of IDLGGs are @entity818 mutated and are predominantly @entity5 . With a median follow-up of 9.3 years to our series, we conclude that @entity1 with IDLGGs had better prognosis than those with symptomatic LGGs. The favorable prognosis of IDLGGs may be accounted by the higher practicability of extensive resection, non-eloquent @entity5 location and smaller @entity5 volume. Frequent @entity818 mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion in IDLGGs may also contribute to the favorable prognosis of this subgroup of @entity1 .

title: Surgically treated incidentally discovered low-grade XXXX are mostly @entity818 mutated and 1p19q co-deleted with favorable prognosis.

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: @entity45 represent a small proportion of @entity660 , but their incidence has been recently increasing. Most @entity45 are identified incidentally, causing a dilemma for both clinicians and @entity1 . In contrast to @entity420 , neoplastic @entity45 may be cured by resection. In general, @entity45 are classified as neoplastic or non- @entity5 . The predominant types of @entity5 include @entity4929 , mucinous @entity5 , @entity14775 , and solid @entity5 . With the exception of serous type, @entity5 , have malignant potential, and in most cases requires resection. Non- @entity5 include @entity9007 , @entity6112 , benign epithelial cysts, @entity45 , squamous lined cysts ( @entity45 in intrapancreatic accessory spleen), mucinous @entity45 , and @entity2696 . The incidence of nonneoplastic, noninflammatory cysts is about 6.3% of all @entity45 . Despite the use of high-resolution imaging technologies and cytologic tissue acquisition with endosonography, distinguishing nonneoplastic from @entity5 remains difficult with most differentiations made postoperatively. Nonetheless, the definitive distinction between non-neoplastic and @entity5 is crucial as unnecessary surgery could be avoided with proper diagnosis. Therefore, consideration of these rare disease entities should be entertained before deciding on surgery.

title: Rare XXXX of pancreas.

entities_list: @entity4929 :: ('MESH:C565310', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity6112 :: ('MESH:D016055', 'Disease') :: ['retention cyst']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cystic neoplasms', 'neoplastic cysts', 'pseudopapillary neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity2696 :: ('MESH:D008202', 'Disease') :: ['lymphangiomas']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cysts', 'Pancreatic cysts', 'lymphoepithelial cysts', 'nonneoplastic cysts', 'dermoid cyst and epidermal cyst']

entities_list: @entity14775 :: ('MESH:D018297', 'Disease') :: ['serous cystic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pseudocyst']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['ductal adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity45 :: (MESH:D010181,Disease) :: ['nonneoplastic cysts']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dissolved organic matter is established as one of the most relevant photosensitizers in aquatic environments, producing singlet @entity26 ( @entity2767 ) alongside other photochemically produced reactive intermediates. While the production of @entity2767 from DOM has been well studied, the relative importance of particulate organic matter (POM) to the overall @entity2767 production is less well understood. POM is known to play an important role in pollutant fate through the sorption and transport of hydrophobic pollutants. If POM is directly involved in @entity2767 production, sorbed molecules would be expected to undergo enhanced photodegradation. In this work, synthetic POM was prepared by coating @entity3440 particles with commercial humic acid. The photochemical behavior of these POM samples was compared to dissolved commercial humic acids (DOM). Suspended natural sediment was also studied to test the environmental relevance of the synthetic POM model. Synthetic POM particles appear to simulate well the @entity2767 -production of suspended sediment. The @entity2767 concentrations experienced by POM-sorbed probe molecules was up to 30% higher than experienced by DOM-sorbed ones, even though the aqueous concentration of @entity2767 in irradiated POM suspensions was much lower than the analogous DOM solutions. These results were interpreted with a reaction-diffusion model, which suggested that the production rate of @entity2767 by POM is lower than DOM, but the loss of @entity2767 from the POM-phase is also lower than DOM. Based on the experimental results of this study, calculations were conducted to estimate the impact of removing POM on @entity2767 -mediated processes. These calculations indicate that compounds with a log Koc value near 4 will be most affected by removal of POM and that the magnitude of the effect is proportional to the fraction of the total organic matter represented by POM. This study demonstrates that particles can play an important role in the degradation of organic compounds via aquatic photochemistry.

title: Photochemical production of singlet XXXX from particulate organic matter.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: @entity130 in the rapidly growing elderly population pose a significant challenge to the healthcare community. These injuries are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and as a result cause a financial burden on the medical system. Although normal decline in physiologic reserve can provide some explanation for these poor outcomes, there is significant room for improvement. This review will summarize recent literature around the evaluation and management of elderly @entity130 @entity1 with a particular focus on those with @entity173 . RECENT FINDINGS: It is becoming increasingly evident that customized evaluation and management of elderly @entity130 @entity1 is a key factor in improving outcomes. Geriatric-specific triage and assessment criteria have been developed and initial results are encouraging. In particular, the use of frailty as an assessment tool in these @entity1 has been shown to be an independent predictor of outcomes. Further, assessment of these tools in elderly @entity130 @entity1 with @entity173 has provided a wealth of information about their use and limitations. SUMMARY: Differentiated, geriatric-specific triaging, assessment and treatment pathways in the care of elderly @entity130 @entity1 will ultimately lead to improvements in outcomes. These improvements have already started to be seen in the realm of orthogeriatrics.

title: Acute XXXX and multiple injuries in the elderly population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'Traumatic injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the impact on perioperative and medium-term oncologic outcomes of the implementation of laparoscopy into a preexisting oncologic setting. METHODS: Data from consecutive 736 @entity1 undergoing surgery for apparent early stage gynecological @entity5 ( @entity1204 ) between 2000 and 2011 were reviewed. Complications were graded per the Accordion classification. Survival outcomes within the first 5 years were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Overall, 493 (67%), 162 (22%), and 81 (11%) had surgery for apparent early stage @entity1204 . We assisted at an increase of the number of @entity1 undergoing surgery via laparoscopy through the years (from 10% in the years 2000-2003 to 82% in years 2008-2011; P < 0.001 for trend); while the need to perform open surgery decreased dramatically (from 83% to 10%; P < 0.001). Vaginal approach was nearly stable over the years (from 7% to 8%; P = 0.76). A marked reduction in estimated @entity190 , length of hospital stay, blood transfusions as well as grade greater than or equal to 3 postoperative complications over the years was observed (P < 0.001). Surgical radicality assessed lymph nodes count was not influenced by the introduction of laparoscopic approach (P > 0.05). The introduction of laparoscopy did not adversely affect medium-term (within 5 years) survival outcomes of @entity1 undergoing surgery for apparent early stage @entity5 of the endometrium, uterine cervix, and adnexa (P > 0.05 log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of laparoscopy into a preexisting oncologic service allows an improvement of standard of care due to a gain in perioperative results, without detriments of medium-term oncologic outcomes.

title: Improving Standard of Care Through Introduction of Laparoscopy for the Surgical Management of Gynecological XXXX .

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial, cervical, and adnexal cancer', 'endometrial, cervical, and adnexal cancers']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Malignancies']


abstract: The development of an efficient vaccine against high-risk HPV types can reduce the incidence rates of cervical @entity5 by generating anti- @entity5 protective responses. Traditionally, the majority of prophylactic viral vaccines are composed of live, attenuated or inactivated viruses. Among them, the design of an effective and low-cost vaccine is critical. Inactivated vaccines especially heat-killed @entity375 cells have emerged as a promising approach for generating antigen-specific immunotherapy. Recent studies have indicated that @entity375 cell wall components possess adjuvant activities. Moreover, a non-pathogenic protozoan, @entity28010 (L.tar) has attracted a great attention as a live candidate vaccine. In current study, immunological and protective efficacy of whole recombinant killed @entity10056 and @entity28010 expressing @entity1799 L1 capsid protein was evaluated in @entity5 @entity19 model. We found that Pichia-L1, L.tar-L1 and Gardasil groups increase the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio, indicating a relative preference for the induction of Th1 immune responses. Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of killed Pichia-L1 generated the significant L1-specific IFN-y immune response as well as the best protective effects in vaccinated @entity19 as compared to killed L.tar-L1, killed @entity10056 , killed L.tar and PBS groups. Indeed, whole recombinant @entity28010 could not protect @entity19 against C3 @entity5 @entity19 model. These data suggest that Pichia-L1 may be a candidate for the control of @entity281 .

title: Whole recombinant @entity10056 expressing HPV16 L1 antigen is superior in inducing protection against @entity5 growth as compared to killed transgenic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity10056 :: ('4922', 'Species') :: ['Pichia pastoris']

entities_list: @entity28010 :: ('5689', 'Species') :: ['Leishmania tarentolae']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infections']

answer: @entity28010 :: (5689,Species) :: ['Leishmania']


abstract: The development of an efficient vaccine against high-risk HPV types can reduce the incidence rates of cervical @entity5 by generating anti- @entity5 protective responses. Traditionally, the majority of prophylactic viral vaccines are composed of live, attenuated or inactivated viruses. Among them, the design of an effective and low-cost vaccine is critical. Inactivated vaccines especially heat-killed @entity375 cells have emerged as a promising approach for generating antigen-specific immunotherapy. Recent studies have indicated that @entity375 cell wall components possess adjuvant activities. Moreover, a non-pathogenic protozoan, @entity28010 (L.tar) has attracted a great attention as a live candidate vaccine. In current study, immunological and protective efficacy of whole recombinant killed @entity10056 and @entity28010 expressing @entity1799 L1 capsid protein was evaluated in @entity5 @entity19 model. We found that Pichia-L1, L.tar-L1 and Gardasil groups increase the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio, indicating a relative preference for the induction of Th1 immune responses. Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of killed Pichia-L1 generated the significant L1-specific IFN-y immune response as well as the best protective effects in vaccinated @entity19 as compared to killed L.tar-L1, killed @entity10056 , killed L.tar and PBS groups. Indeed, whole recombinant @entity28010 could not protect @entity19 against C3 @entity5 @entity19 model. These data suggest that Pichia-L1 may be a candidate for the control of @entity281 .

title: Whole recombinant @entity10056 expressing HPV16 L1 antigen is superior in inducing protection against XXXX growth as compared to killed transgenic @entity28010 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: The development of an efficient vaccine against high-risk HPV types can reduce the incidence rates of cervical @entity5 by generating anti- @entity5 protective responses. Traditionally, the majority of prophylactic viral vaccines are composed of live, attenuated or inactivated viruses. Among them, the design of an effective and low-cost vaccine is critical. Inactivated vaccines especially heat-killed @entity375 cells have emerged as a promising approach for generating antigen-specific immunotherapy. Recent studies have indicated that @entity375 cell wall components possess adjuvant activities. Moreover, a non-pathogenic protozoan, @entity28010 (L.tar) has attracted a great attention as a live candidate vaccine. In current study, immunological and protective efficacy of whole recombinant killed @entity10056 and @entity28010 expressing @entity1799 L1 capsid protein was evaluated in @entity5 @entity19 model. We found that Pichia-L1, L.tar-L1 and Gardasil groups increase the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio, indicating a relative preference for the induction of Th1 immune responses. Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of killed Pichia-L1 generated the significant L1-specific IFN-y immune response as well as the best protective effects in vaccinated @entity19 as compared to killed L.tar-L1, killed @entity10056 , killed L.tar and PBS groups. Indeed, whole recombinant @entity28010 could not protect @entity19 against C3 @entity5 @entity19 model. These data suggest that Pichia-L1 may be a candidate for the control of @entity281 .

title: Whole recombinant XXXX expressing HPV16 L1 antigen is superior in inducing protection against @entity5 growth as compared to killed transgenic @entity28010 .

answer: @entity10056 :: (4922,Species) :: ['Pichia pastoris']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Traditional faecal-based methods have poor sensitivity for the detection of S. stercoralis, therefore are inadequate for post-treatment evaluation of infected @entity1 who should be carefully monitored to exclude the persistence of the @entity281 . In a previous study, we demonstrated high accuracy of five serology tests for the screening and diagnosis of @entity13739 . Aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of the same five tests for the follow up of @entity1 infected with S. stercoralis. METHODS: Retrospective study on anonymized, cryo-preserved samples available at the Centre for @entity66 (Negrar, Verona, Italy). Samples were collected before and from 3 to 12 months after treatment. The samples were tested with two commercially-available ELISA tests (IVD, Bordier), two techniques based on a recombinant antigen (NIE-ELISA and NIE-LIPS) and one in-house IFAT. The results of each test were evaluated both in relation to the results of fecal examination and to those of a composite reference standard (classifying as positive a sample with positive stools and/or at least three positive serology tests). The associations between the independent variables age and time and the dependent variable value of serological test (for all five tests), were analyzed by linear mixed-effects regression model. RESULTS: A high proportion of samples demonstrated for each test a seroreversion or a relevant decline (optical density/relative light units halved or decrease of at least two titers for IFAT) at follow up, results confirmed by the linear mixed effects model that showed a trend to seroreversion over time for all tests. In particular, IVD-ELISA (almost 90% samples demonstrated relevant decline) and IFAT (almost 87%) had the best performance. Considering only samples with a complete negativization, NIE-ELISA showed the best performance (72.5% seroreversion). CONCLUSIONS: Serology is useful for the follow up of @entity1 infected with S. stercoralis and determining test of cure.

title: Accuracy of five serologic tests for the follow up of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Tropical Diseases']

entities_list: @entity13739 :: ('MESH:D013322', 'Disease') :: ['strongyloidiasis']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['Strongyloides stercoralis infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Traditional diagnostic tests such as skin prick tests (SPT) and specific IgE (slgE) against whole @entity1542 extract have low specificity. Consequently, @entity566 to A simplex is overdiagnosed. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to compare tests used in component-resolved diagnosis. METHODS: We evaluated 34 @entity1 with @entity566 to A simplex, 15 @entity1 with acute @entity110 who were sensitized to A simplex but had no clinical history of @entity566 to A simplex, and 10 @entity1 @entity56 to seafood. SPT, slgE (ELISA and ISAC-I 12), and the basophil activation test (BAT) were performed with A simplex whole extract and the molecular components rAni s 1, rAni s 3, and nPen m 1. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated and compared with different cutoffs. RESULTS: With the A simplex whole extract, SPT, slgE, and BAT yielded specificity values of 72%, 68%, and 70%, respectively, with a cutoff (wheal size) of 11.2 mm, an slgE value of 7.9 kUAIL, and a stimulation index of 1.9. Specificity increased to 100% using the molecular component rAni s 1 with SPT, slgE by ELISA, and ISAC-112. Neither rAni s 3 sensitization nor cross-reactivity with @entity8907 m 1 was observed in @entity1 sensitized to A simplex. CONCLUSION: rAni s 1 is recognized by 100% of our @entity1 and is able to distinguish between @entity1 @entity56 to A simplex and @entity1 with acute @entity110 who are sensitized to A simplex but have no clinical history of @entity566 to this parasite.

title: In vivo and in vitro testing with rAni s 1 can facilitate diagnosis of XXXX @entity566 .

entities_list: @entity1542 :: ('6269', 'Species') :: ['Anisakis simplex']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity1542 :: (6269,Species) :: ['Anisakis simplex']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Traditional diagnostic tests such as skin prick tests (SPT) and specific IgE (slgE) against whole @entity1542 extract have low specificity. Consequently, @entity566 to A simplex is overdiagnosed. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to compare tests used in component-resolved diagnosis. METHODS: We evaluated 34 @entity1 with @entity566 to A simplex, 15 @entity1 with acute @entity110 who were sensitized to A simplex but had no clinical history of @entity566 to A simplex, and 10 @entity1 @entity56 to seafood. SPT, slgE (ELISA and ISAC-I 12), and the basophil activation test (BAT) were performed with A simplex whole extract and the molecular components rAni s 1, rAni s 3, and nPen m 1. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated and compared with different cutoffs. RESULTS: With the A simplex whole extract, SPT, slgE, and BAT yielded specificity values of 72%, 68%, and 70%, respectively, with a cutoff (wheal size) of 11.2 mm, an slgE value of 7.9 kUAIL, and a stimulation index of 1.9. Specificity increased to 100% using the molecular component rAni s 1 with SPT, slgE by ELISA, and ISAC-112. Neither rAni s 3 sensitization nor cross-reactivity with @entity8907 m 1 was observed in @entity1 sensitized to A simplex. CONCLUSION: rAni s 1 is recognized by 100% of our @entity1 and is able to distinguish between @entity1 @entity56 to A simplex and @entity1 with acute @entity110 who are sensitized to A simplex but have no clinical history of @entity566 to this parasite.

title: In vivo and in vitro testing with rAni s 1 can facilitate diagnosis of @entity1542 XXXX .

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: PURPOSE:: Evaluate the effectiveness of @entity2752 in the management of @entity1491 with orbital extension and/or extensive periocular involvement. METHODS:: Retrospective chart review of 6 consecutive @entity1 with biopsy-proven orbital @entity1491 and 2 additional @entity1 with extensive @entity1491 who were treated with oral @entity2752 (150 mg/day) was performed. RESULTS:: Basal cell @entity189 extended in the orbit in 6 of 8 @entity1 (involving orbital bones in 1 @entity1 ), and 2 of 8 @entity1 had extensive periocular involvement (1 with @entity9658 ). @entity2752 therapy was the only treatment in 6 @entity1 , off-label neoadjuvant in 1 @entity1 , and adjuvant treatment in 1 @entity1 . @entity5 in all 4 @entity1 who received @entity2752 as sole treatment showed partial response with a mean 83% shrinkage in @entity5 size after a median of 7 months of therapy. In the 2 @entity1 receiving @entity2752 as neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapies, there was complete response after a median of 7 months of therapy and no evidence of clinical recurrence after discontinuing therapy for a median of 15 months. The 2 @entity1 with extensive periocular involvement experienced complete clinical response after a median 14 months of treatment. During treatment, the most common side effects were @entity2473 (75%) followed by @entity1665 (50%), @entity2342 (25%), @entity4838 , and episodes of @entity294 and @entity1142 (13%). CONCLUSIONS:: Basal cell @entity189 with orbital extension and extensive periocular involvement responds to @entity2752 therapy. The long-term prognosis remains unknown, and additional prospective studies are indicated.

title: Efficacy of @entity2752 (Erivedge) for XXXX Involving the Orbit and Periocular Area.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Orbital tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2473 :: ('MESH:D013035', 'Disease') :: ['muscle spasm']

entities_list: @entity9658 :: ('MESH:D001478', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell nevus syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2752 :: ('MESH:C538724', 'Chemical') :: ['Vismodegib', 'vismodegib']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['dysgeusia']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinoma', 'periocular basal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1491 :: (MESH:D002280,Disease) :: ['Basal Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE:: Evaluate the effectiveness of @entity2752 in the management of @entity1491 with orbital extension and/or extensive periocular involvement. METHODS:: Retrospective chart review of 6 consecutive @entity1 with biopsy-proven orbital @entity1491 and 2 additional @entity1 with extensive @entity1491 who were treated with oral @entity2752 (150 mg/day) was performed. RESULTS:: Basal cell @entity189 extended in the orbit in 6 of 8 @entity1 (involving orbital bones in 1 @entity1 ), and 2 of 8 @entity1 had extensive periocular involvement (1 with @entity9658 ). @entity2752 therapy was the only treatment in 6 @entity1 , off-label neoadjuvant in 1 @entity1 , and adjuvant treatment in 1 @entity1 . @entity5 in all 4 @entity1 who received @entity2752 as sole treatment showed partial response with a mean 83% shrinkage in @entity5 size after a median of 7 months of therapy. In the 2 @entity1 receiving @entity2752 as neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapies, there was complete response after a median of 7 months of therapy and no evidence of clinical recurrence after discontinuing therapy for a median of 15 months. The 2 @entity1 with extensive periocular involvement experienced complete clinical response after a median 14 months of treatment. During treatment, the most common side effects were @entity2473 (75%) followed by @entity1665 (50%), @entity2342 (25%), @entity4838 , and episodes of @entity294 and @entity1142 (13%). CONCLUSIONS:: Basal cell @entity189 with orbital extension and extensive periocular involvement responds to @entity2752 therapy. The long-term prognosis remains unknown, and additional prospective studies are indicated.

title: Efficacy of XXXX (Erivedge) for @entity1491 Involving the Orbit and Periocular Area.

answer: @entity2752 :: (MESH:C538724,Chemical) :: ['Vismodegib']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background and purpose Although @entity4066 ( @entity4066 ) are common causes of @entity385 in young individuals, anatomical locations and mechanisms of @entity385 are still unclear. We evaluate the prevalence, location, and pathogenic mechanisms of @entity385 caused by @entity4066 . METHODS: We reviewed CAD @entity1 who presented with acute (<7days) @entity63 events and who had undergone diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and appropriate vascular imagings (MR angiography, computed tomography angiography, digital subtraction angiography, and high-resolution MRI). @entity64 mechanisms were categorized as artery-to-artery (AA) @entity887 , @entity732 , in situ @entity715 and @entity73 . RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-five @entity1 with @entity385 (n=125) or transient @entity63 attacks (n=10) were included. The locations of 159 dissected vessels were: 77 vertebral, 29 internal carotid, 24 middle cerebral, 12 basilar, eight posterior inferior cerebellar, five anterior cerebral, and four posterior cerebral arteries. Among @entity64 mechanisms, @entity1129 (n=70, 55.5%) was the most common followed by @entity732 (n=40, 31.7%) and in situ @entity715 (n=8, 6.3%). Intracranial @entity4066 were more common (89 vs. 44), less often associated with @entity130 (21.3% vs. 40.9%, p=0.018) and @entity1129 (32.9% vs. 97.6%, p<0.001), and more often treated with intravenous thrombolysis (15.7% vs. 2.3%. p=0.021) than extracranial @entity4066 . CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, intracranial @entity4066 are more common than extracranial @entity4066 , and the vertebral artery is the most frequently involved site. Although @entity1129 is the main @entity64 mechanism, @entity732 is another important @entity64 mechanism.

title: Intracranial and extracranial arterial dissection presenting with @entity385 : Lesion location and XXXX mechanism.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic impairment']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['A-A embolism']

entities_list: @entity732 :: ('MESH:D015356', 'Disease') :: ['local branch occlusion', 'local branch occlusions']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic occlusion', 'thrombotic occlusions']

entities_list: @entity4066 :: ('MESH:D020217', 'Disease') :: ['cervicocranial artery dissections', 'CADs']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarcts', 'ischemic stroke', 'ischemic strokes']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background and purpose Although @entity4066 ( @entity4066 ) are common causes of @entity385 in young individuals, anatomical locations and mechanisms of @entity385 are still unclear. We evaluate the prevalence, location, and pathogenic mechanisms of @entity385 caused by @entity4066 . METHODS: We reviewed CAD @entity1 who presented with acute (<7days) @entity63 events and who had undergone diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and appropriate vascular imagings (MR angiography, computed tomography angiography, digital subtraction angiography, and high-resolution MRI). @entity64 mechanisms were categorized as artery-to-artery (AA) @entity887 , @entity732 , in situ @entity715 and @entity73 . RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-five @entity1 with @entity385 (n=125) or transient @entity63 attacks (n=10) were included. The locations of 159 dissected vessels were: 77 vertebral, 29 internal carotid, 24 middle cerebral, 12 basilar, eight posterior inferior cerebellar, five anterior cerebral, and four posterior cerebral arteries. Among @entity64 mechanisms, @entity1129 (n=70, 55.5%) was the most common followed by @entity732 (n=40, 31.7%) and in situ @entity715 (n=8, 6.3%). Intracranial @entity4066 were more common (89 vs. 44), less often associated with @entity130 (21.3% vs. 40.9%, p=0.018) and @entity1129 (32.9% vs. 97.6%, p<0.001), and more often treated with intravenous thrombolysis (15.7% vs. 2.3%. p=0.021) than extracranial @entity4066 . CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, intracranial @entity4066 are more common than extracranial @entity4066 , and the vertebral artery is the most frequently involved site. Although @entity1129 is the main @entity64 mechanism, @entity732 is another important @entity64 mechanism.

title: Intracranial and extracranial arterial dissection presenting with XXXX : Lesion location and @entity64 mechanism.

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: PURPOSE: Recent studies have shown that the risk of cerebro- and cardiovascular events (CVEs) is higher in @entity1 with @entity1368 ( @entity1368 ) than in those with essential @entity101 (EH), and that silent @entity4798 (SBI) is a risk factor and predictor of CVEs. Here, we evaluated the relationship between findings from laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), a recently introduced non-invasive means of measuring mean blur rate (MBR), an important biomarker of ocular blood flow, and the occurrence of SBI in @entity1 with @entity1368 . METHODS: 87 @entity1368 @entity1 without symptomatic cerebral events (mean 55.1    11.2 years old, 48 male and 39 female) were enrolled in this study. We measured MBR in the optic nerve head (ONH) with LSFG and checked the occurrence of SBI with magnetic resonance imaging. We examined three MBR waveform variables: skew, blowout score (BOS) and blowout time (BOT). We also recorded clinical findings, including age, blood pressure, and plasma @entity1369 concentration. RESULTS: @entity1368 @entity1 with SBI (15 of 87 @entity1 ; 17%) were significantly older and had significantly lower BOT in the capillary area of the ONH than the @entity1 without SBI (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age and BOT were independent factors for the presence of SBI in @entity1368 @entity1 (OR, 1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.38; P = .03 and OR, 0.73, 95% CI 0.45-0.99; P = .04, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity1368 @entity1 with SBI were older and had lower MBR BOT than those without SBI. Our analysis showed that age was a risk factor for SBI, and that BOT was a protective factor, in @entity1 with @entity1368 . This suggests that BOT, a non-invasive and objective biomarker, may be a useful predictor of SBI and form part of future @entity1368 evaluations and clinical decision-making.

title: Relationship of ocular microcirculation, measured by laser speckle flowgraphy, and silent @entity4798 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['brain infarction']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1368 :: ('MESH:D006929', 'Disease') :: ['PA', 'primary aldosteronism']

answer: @entity1368 :: (MESH:D006929,Disease) :: ['primary aldosteronism']


abstract: PURPOSE: Recent studies have shown that the risk of cerebro- and cardiovascular events (CVEs) is higher in @entity1 with @entity1368 ( @entity1368 ) than in those with essential @entity101 (EH), and that silent @entity4798 (SBI) is a risk factor and predictor of CVEs. Here, we evaluated the relationship between findings from laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), a recently introduced non-invasive means of measuring mean blur rate (MBR), an important biomarker of ocular blood flow, and the occurrence of SBI in @entity1 with @entity1368 . METHODS: 87 @entity1368 @entity1 without symptomatic cerebral events (mean 55.1    11.2 years old, 48 male and 39 female) were enrolled in this study. We measured MBR in the optic nerve head (ONH) with LSFG and checked the occurrence of SBI with magnetic resonance imaging. We examined three MBR waveform variables: skew, blowout score (BOS) and blowout time (BOT). We also recorded clinical findings, including age, blood pressure, and plasma @entity1369 concentration. RESULTS: @entity1368 @entity1 with SBI (15 of 87 @entity1 ; 17%) were significantly older and had significantly lower BOT in the capillary area of the ONH than the @entity1 without SBI (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age and BOT were independent factors for the presence of SBI in @entity1368 @entity1 (OR, 1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.38; P = .03 and OR, 0.73, 95% CI 0.45-0.99; P = .04, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity1368 @entity1 with SBI were older and had lower MBR BOT than those without SBI. Our analysis showed that age was a risk factor for SBI, and that BOT was a protective factor, in @entity1 with @entity1368 . This suggests that BOT, a non-invasive and objective biomarker, may be a useful predictor of SBI and form part of future @entity1368 evaluations and clinical decision-making.

title: Relationship of ocular microcirculation, measured by laser speckle flowgraphy, and silent XXXX in @entity1368 .

answer: @entity4798 :: (MESH:D020520,Disease) :: ['brain infarction']


abstract: PROBLEM/OBJECTIVE: We compared the effects of preincisional peritonsillar infiltration of 5 ml @entity1343 (50 mg/10 ml) on bleeding during surgery and @entity158 after tonsillectomy in @entity1 aged 16 years or older. METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted in 44 adult @entity1 who underwent tonsillectomy. These @entity1 were randomized to either the study group (SG) who received @entity1343 infiltration to the peritonsillary fossae prior to surgery, or a control group (CG) treated with 0.9% @entity2827 infiltration to the peritonsillary fossae prior to incision. The volume of @entity954 was recorded. @entity158 was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The first @entity158 score was assessed immediately after arriving in the postoperative care unit. VAS scores were subsequently re-assessed 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. The first analgesic requirement was assessed 24 hours postoperatively. RESULTS: The @entity158 relieving effect in the @entity1343 group was statistically significant 2, 4, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively (p  <= 0.05), but there was no difference in VAS scores between groups at the first and 8-hour postoperative assessments. There were no differences between the two groups regarding analgesic requirements. The difference between the mean intraoperative @entity190 in the SG and CG was statistically significant (p  <= 0.05). No serious complications were observed in either group. CONCLUSION: Preincisional @entity1343 infiltration seems to be a safe and easily applied medication for @entity282 control, and decreased the volume of intraoperative @entity190 in adult @entity1 after tonsillectomy.

title: Efficacy of preincisional XXXX for adult tonsillectomy @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1343 :: ('MESH:C476513', 'Chemical') :: ['levobupivacaine', 'levobupivacaine hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity1343 :: (MESH:C476513,Chemical) :: ['levobupivacaine']


abstract: PROBLEM/OBJECTIVE: We compared the effects of preincisional peritonsillar infiltration of 5 ml @entity1343 (50 mg/10 ml) on bleeding during surgery and @entity158 after tonsillectomy in @entity1 aged 16 years or older. METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted in 44 adult @entity1 who underwent tonsillectomy. These @entity1 were randomized to either the study group (SG) who received @entity1343 infiltration to the peritonsillary fossae prior to surgery, or a control group (CG) treated with 0.9% @entity2827 infiltration to the peritonsillary fossae prior to incision. The volume of @entity954 was recorded. @entity158 was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The first @entity158 score was assessed immediately after arriving in the postoperative care unit. VAS scores were subsequently re-assessed 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. The first analgesic requirement was assessed 24 hours postoperatively. RESULTS: The @entity158 relieving effect in the @entity1343 group was statistically significant 2, 4, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively (p  <= 0.05), but there was no difference in VAS scores between groups at the first and 8-hour postoperative assessments. There were no differences between the two groups regarding analgesic requirements. The difference between the mean intraoperative @entity190 in the SG and CG was statistically significant (p  <= 0.05). No serious complications were observed in either group. CONCLUSION: Preincisional @entity1343 infiltration seems to be a safe and easily applied medication for @entity282 control, and decreased the volume of intraoperative @entity190 in adult @entity1 after tonsillectomy.

title: Efficacy of preincisional @entity1343 for adult tonsillectomy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: 1. Aldolase isoenzymes from @entity840 cerebral cortex were partially purified and separated by @entity4859 fractionation and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. 2. Each purified isoenzyme was shown to be virtually uncontaminated with other forms by starch-gel electrophoresis. The quantitative distribution of the isoenzymes was: I, 6.2%; II, 5.2%; III, 15.3%; IV, 25.7%; V, 33.3%. 3. The pH optima for the five separated isoenzymes were similar; all were in the range pH7.5-8.0. Values for pK(a) (6.31-6.55) and pK(b) (9.45-9.59) were calculated from the data and suggested the involvement of @entity3793 and @entity376 residues. 4. The stabilities of the isoenzymes were shown to be I=II>III>IV>V at pH4.4 in order of decreasing stability and are discussed in terms of subunit structure. 5. The substrate activity ratios ( @entity4567 / @entity39157 ) were measured and all were in the range 12-44.

title: The separation, prtial purificatio nd some properties of isoenzymes of aldolase from XXXX cerebral cortex.

entities_list: @entity4859 :: ('CHEBI:62946', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium sulphate']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity39157 :: ('MESH:C032284', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose 1-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity4567 :: ('MESH:C029063', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose 1,6-diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: 1. The conditions affecting the activity of RNA polymerase in isolated @entity35 liver nuclei were studied with @entity1025 or @entity3281 as activating ions. 2. The enzyme assayed with @entity1025 and at low ionic strength is saturated by a lower concentration of @entity377 substrates than if assayed with @entity3281 at low ionic strength or with either ion at high ionic strength. 3. At low and at high ionic strength the incorporation of @entity860 is affected in a similar way by variations in the temperature of incubation. Preincubation at 37 degrees impairs the @entity860 incorporation. 4. Heparin stimulates the RNA polymerase activity in the presence of @entity3281 . 5. Both @entity4859 and heparin ;restart' the reaction if added after 15min., the effect being more marked with @entity4859 than with heparin, and also more marked in the presence of @entity3281 than of @entity1025 . 6. alpha-Amanitin abolishes the effect of @entity4859 and of heparin.

title: Experimental conditions affecting ribonucleic acid polymerase in isolated @entity35 liver nuclei. Effect of nucleoside triphosphate concentration, temperature, XXXX and heparin.

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity4859 :: (CHEBI:62946,Chemical) :: ['ammonium sulphate']


abstract: 1. The conditions affecting the activity of RNA polymerase in isolated @entity35 liver nuclei were studied with @entity1025 or @entity3281 as activating ions. 2. The enzyme assayed with @entity1025 and at low ionic strength is saturated by a lower concentration of @entity377 substrates than if assayed with @entity3281 at low ionic strength or with either ion at high ionic strength. 3. At low and at high ionic strength the incorporation of @entity860 is affected in a similar way by variations in the temperature of incubation. Preincubation at 37 degrees impairs the @entity860 incorporation. 4. Heparin stimulates the RNA polymerase activity in the presence of @entity3281 . 5. Both @entity4859 and heparin ;restart' the reaction if added after 15min., the effect being more marked with @entity4859 than with heparin, and also more marked in the presence of @entity3281 than of @entity1025 . 6. alpha-Amanitin abolishes the effect of @entity4859 and of heparin.

title: Experimental conditions affecting ribonucleic acid polymerase in isolated XXXX liver nuclei. Effect of nucleoside triphosphate concentration, temperature, @entity4859 and heparin.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: 1. The Valsalva ratios (VR) of 48 @entity6 @entity1 and 48 normal individuals matched by age and sex were compared in order to examine the relationship between VR and the prevalence and severity of @entity989 , @entity16 and @entity8 , which are chronic complications of @entity6 . 2. @entity6 @entity1 without clinical evidence of @entity16 had the same VR (1.95 +/- 0.09) as the matched control group (1.95 +/- 0.14). @entity6 @entity1 exhibiting some evidence of @entity3949 showed VR values lower than their control groups (1.58 +/- 0.07 vs. 1.81 +/- 0.7), whereas @entity1 with symmetric sensitive @entity305 plus @entity4148 had the lowest VR scores (1.16 +/- 0.04 vs. 1.86 +/- 0.14). 3. An inverse relationship was shown between VR and the prevalence of @entity989 and @entity8 and the duration of @entity6 . Low VR values correlated well with the prevalence and severity of complications. 4. It is concluded that the Valsalva ratio is an effective indicator of @entity4148 .

title: Relationship of the Valsalva ratio to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological damage', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['autonomic neuropathy and other complications of diabetes mellitus']


abstract: The usefulness and limitations of the carcinoembryonic antigen (C.E.A.) radioimmunoassay for the evaluation of @entity5 resection and for the detection of @entity5 relapse were studied in @entity1 with @entity189 . The level of plasma-C.E.A. was determined before any treatment in a group of 101 @entity1 with histologically proven @entity694 and rectum. 71% of all @entity1 and 63% of cases with @entity5 (Dukes A and B) had a preoperative C.E.A. value of 5 ng. per ml. or higher. This limit was reached by only 1 of 90 apparently healthy, non-smoking blood-donors. Among 45 @entity1 for whom a complete @entity5 resection was reported, all @entity1 except 5 showed a drop of C.E.A. to normal values after surgery. The 5 @entity1 whose C.E.A. did not fall to below 5 ng. per ml. showed a subsequent rise in C.E.A. level and were all found later to have a @entity5 relapse. The results indicate that an incomplete drop of circulating C.E.A. level one month after surgery has a bad prognostic significance. 22 of these @entity1 were followed up by repeated C.E.A. radioimmunoassay for several months after surgery. 8 showed a progressive increase in C.E.A. levels preceding clinical diagnosis of @entity5 relapse by two to ten months. 6 other @entity1 showed a moderate increase in C.E.A. levels, suggesting a @entity5 relapse not yet clinically detectable. The remaining 8 @entity1 showed no increase in C.E.A. level above 5 ng. per ml. and no clinical symptoms of relapse. The results demonstrate that relapses of @entity694 can be detected by increased C.E.A. levels months before the appearance of any clinical evidence.

title: Detection of recurrence of XXXX by radioimmunoassay of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen (C.E.A.).

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['localised tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the colon', 'colon and rectum carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['large-bowel carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['large-bowel carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aetiology and pathological mechanisms involved in the development of haematidrosis (bloody sweat) remain unclear. There is no specific treatment for this disorder. This case report describes the clinical manifestations and treatment of a 9-year-old female with haematidrosis associated with @entity302 . The diagnosis of haematidrosis was confirmed by medical personnel who observed the @entity548 and were able to rule out other causes of the bloody exudate. The episodes of @entity548 were spontaneous, transient, and self-limited. Smears of the bloody exudate contained all of the components of peripheral blood. A skin biopsy taken at one site of the bloody exudate was normal, showing no signs of @entity1503 or @entity548 sweat glands. The @entity548 events were found to be immediately preceded by tonic @entity410 . An electroencephalogram indicated cerebral @entity302 , which was characterized by an intermittent medium-high amplitude    rhythm (5-7   Hz) with a few spikes. The symptoms of both @entity302 and haematidrosis resolved after treatment with the antiepileptic drug 150   mg @entity2051 , orally, twice a day, which suggests that the @entity302 triggered haematidrosis in this @entity1 .

title: Haematidrosis associated with XXXX in a @entity1 successfully treated with @entity2051 : Case report.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2051 :: ('MESH:C036006', 'Chemical') :: ['oxcarbazepine']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood extravasation']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizures', 'epilepsy', 'parietooccipital epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aetiology and pathological mechanisms involved in the development of haematidrosis (bloody sweat) remain unclear. There is no specific treatment for this disorder. This case report describes the clinical manifestations and treatment of a 9-year-old female with haematidrosis associated with @entity302 . The diagnosis of haematidrosis was confirmed by medical personnel who observed the @entity548 and were able to rule out other causes of the bloody exudate. The episodes of @entity548 were spontaneous, transient, and self-limited. Smears of the bloody exudate contained all of the components of peripheral blood. A skin biopsy taken at one site of the bloody exudate was normal, showing no signs of @entity1503 or @entity548 sweat glands. The @entity548 events were found to be immediately preceded by tonic @entity410 . An electroencephalogram indicated cerebral @entity302 , which was characterized by an intermittent medium-high amplitude    rhythm (5-7   Hz) with a few spikes. The symptoms of both @entity302 and haematidrosis resolved after treatment with the antiepileptic drug 150   mg @entity2051 , orally, twice a day, which suggests that the @entity302 triggered haematidrosis in this @entity1 .

title: Haematidrosis associated with @entity302 in a @entity1 successfully treated with XXXX : Case report.

answer: @entity2051 :: (MESH:C036006,Chemical) :: ['oxcarbazepine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aetiology and pathological mechanisms involved in the development of haematidrosis (bloody sweat) remain unclear. There is no specific treatment for this disorder. This case report describes the clinical manifestations and treatment of a 9-year-old female with haematidrosis associated with @entity302 . The diagnosis of haematidrosis was confirmed by medical personnel who observed the @entity548 and were able to rule out other causes of the bloody exudate. The episodes of @entity548 were spontaneous, transient, and self-limited. Smears of the bloody exudate contained all of the components of peripheral blood. A skin biopsy taken at one site of the bloody exudate was normal, showing no signs of @entity1503 or @entity548 sweat glands. The @entity548 events were found to be immediately preceded by tonic @entity410 . An electroencephalogram indicated cerebral @entity302 , which was characterized by an intermittent medium-high amplitude    rhythm (5-7   Hz) with a few spikes. The symptoms of both @entity302 and haematidrosis resolved after treatment with the antiepileptic drug 150   mg @entity2051 , orally, twice a day, which suggests that the @entity302 triggered haematidrosis in this @entity1 .

title: Haematidrosis associated with @entity302 in a XXXX successfully treated with @entity2051 : Case report.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girl']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5952 is a major destructive collagenase involved in @entity2521 and can be regarded as @entity2521 biomarker. A neutrophil @entity5952 (aMMP-8) oral fluid immunoassay has recently been demonstrated to be a @entity2521 risk indicator, among adults. AIM: Our aim was to investigate a chair-side point-of-care mouthrinse test (Periosafe) based on aMMP-8 immunoassay could identify @entity1 with oral inflammatory burden ( @entity2521 and @entity1547 ) among adolescents with early pathological findings. METHODS: This cross sectional study was carried out at the Kotka Health Center, Finland. First, PerioSafe aMMP-8 chair-side mouthrinse test was performed on enrolled subjects (adolescents aged 15 to 17 year-old, n=47), and the results were read based on a color change within 5 minutes. Then, full-mouth clinical parameters of oral health were assessed including periodontal, oral mucosal and @entity1547 status. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of the neutrophil collagenase-2 immunoassay for BOP positives was 71.8 % and specificity 77.5 % (p=0.018), for at least one >=  4 mm deep pocket 48.3 % and 100 % (0<0.0001), at least two >= 4 mm deep pockets 63.6 % and 100 % (p<0.0001), more than two >=  4 mm deep pockets 76.5 % and 96.8 % (p< 0.0001), respectively. Regarding @entity2521 (at least one >=  4 mm deep pocket ) hardly any false positive could be identified. The sensitivity of the neutrophil collagenase-2 immunoassay for at least one @entity75 was 76.5 % and specificity 96.7 % (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: PerioSafe aMMP-8 chair side-test analyzing mouthrinse a @entity5952 showed promising results in recognition of oral inflammatory burden in adolescents with early initial signs of @entity2521 in 5 minutes. @entity75 could also be detected, but less efficiently.

title: A Pilot Study on Oral Health Status as Assessed by an Active XXXX (aMMP-8) Chair-Side Mouthrinse Test in Adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Caries lesions', 'caries lesion']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity5952 :: ('4317', 'Gene') :: ['collagenase-2 or active matrix metalloproteinase-8', 'MMP-8', 'Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8']

answer: @entity5952 :: (4317,Gene) :: ['Matrix Metalloproteinase-8']


abstract: @entity189 ( @entity189 ) is a heterogeneous group of @entity5 with various clinical features causing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of @entity29786 FDG PET/CT for localizing the @entity5 , disclosing additional metastases, and changing the treatment in @entity1 with @entity189 . One hundred and twelve metastatic @entity1 (female = 40, male = 72, median age = 60.5 years) in whom conventional diagnostic work-up failed to disclose the @entity5 were included in the study. @entity29786 FDG PET/CT imaging was performed in a standard protocol ( @entity1 supine, arms on @entity1 's side, vertex to thigh, 369.3 MBq (296-444 MBq) @entity29786 FDG, a 60-minute uptake period, 6-7 bed position). Histopathology was taken as the only reference standard. @entity29786 FDG PET/CT correctly detected @entity5 in 37 of 112 (33.03%) @entity1 . The most common site of @entity5 detected by @entity29786 FDG PET/CT was lung (n = 18), which was followed by nasopharynx (n = 7), pancreas (n = 5), tonsil (n = 2), breast (n = 2), thyroid (n = 1), uterus (n = 1) and colon/rectum (n = 1). @entity29786 FDG PET/CT imaging disclosed additional previously undetected metastases in 32 (28.5%) and changed the treatment in 33 (29.4%) of 112 @entity1 . There were false positive @entity29786 FDG PET/CT results in 21 (18.5%) @entity1 . @entity29786 FDG PET/CT is able to disclose the @entity5 , disclose new metatases and change the treatment in about one third of @entity1 with @entity189 .

title: Utility of XXXX fluorodeoxyglucose pos  tron em  ss  on tomography/computed   n carc  noma of unknown primary.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['CUP', 'Carcinoma of unknown primary']

answer: @entity29786 :: (10046,Gene) :: ['F-18']


abstract: Mammary gland analog @entity189 (MASC) of @entity3359 is typically a @entity5 of low histologic grade and behaves as a low-grade malignancy with relatively benign course. This @entity5 shares histologic features, immunohistochemical profile, and a highly specific genetic translocation, @entity9604 - @entity13820 , with @entity189 of breast. Histologically, it is often mistaken as @entity3981 , @entity420 not otherwise specified, and other primary @entity5 . Here we report a case of MASC with high-grade transformation and cervical lymph node metastases confirmed with @entity9604 - @entity13820 translocation arising in the hard palate of a 41 year-old adult. Interestingly, the @entity189 has lower grade than the original @entity5 which strongly support @entity5 . Most commonly, MASC arises from the parotid gland and less often in minor salivary glands. @entity3 is relatively uncommon and high-grade histology has only been reported in four cases with three of them arising from the parotid gland and the location of the fourth one has not been reported. This is the first case with high grade histology that arise from minor @entity3359 and it emphasizes the importance of molecular screening of @entity5 with high-grade histology for @entity9604 - @entity13820 translocation. In our literature of 115 cases that includes the current case, MASC occurred predominantly in adult with only a few cases under 18 years of age and a male to female ratio of 1.2:1. Parotid gland is more commonly affected but there is also significant occurrence in minor salivary glands. Except for the cases with high grade histology, the overall prognosis is good.

title: Mammary analog XXXX of @entity3359 with high-grade histology arising in hard palate, report of a case and review of literature.

entities_list: @entity3359 :: ('MESH:D012466', 'Disease') :: ['salivary gland']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'salivary gland tumor', 'malignant transformation of the original tumor', 'salivary gland tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['secretary carcinoma', 'metastatic carcinoma', 'secretory carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3981 :: ('MESH:D018267', 'Disease') :: ['acinic cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['secretory carcinoma']


abstract: Mammary gland analog @entity189 (MASC) of @entity3359 is typically a @entity5 of low histologic grade and behaves as a low-grade malignancy with relatively benign course. This @entity5 shares histologic features, immunohistochemical profile, and a highly specific genetic translocation, @entity9604 - @entity13820 , with @entity189 of breast. Histologically, it is often mistaken as @entity3981 , @entity420 not otherwise specified, and other primary @entity5 . Here we report a case of MASC with high-grade transformation and cervical lymph node metastases confirmed with @entity9604 - @entity13820 translocation arising in the hard palate of a 41 year-old adult. Interestingly, the @entity189 has lower grade than the original @entity5 which strongly support @entity5 . Most commonly, MASC arises from the parotid gland and less often in minor salivary glands. @entity3 is relatively uncommon and high-grade histology has only been reported in four cases with three of them arising from the parotid gland and the location of the fourth one has not been reported. This is the first case with high grade histology that arise from minor @entity3359 and it emphasizes the importance of molecular screening of @entity5 with high-grade histology for @entity9604 - @entity13820 translocation. In our literature of 115 cases that includes the current case, MASC occurred predominantly in adult with only a few cases under 18 years of age and a male to female ratio of 1.2:1. Parotid gland is more commonly affected but there is also significant occurrence in minor salivary glands. Except for the cases with high grade histology, the overall prognosis is good.

title: Mammary analog @entity189 of XXXX with high-grade histology arising in hard palate, report of a case and review of literature.

answer: @entity3359 :: (MESH:D012466,Disease) :: ['salivary gland']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The US Public Health Service has finalized its recommendation relating to community water fluoridation (Federal Panel on Community Water Fluoridation, US Department of Health and @entity1 Services, 2015). It recommends an optimal concentration of 0.7 mg/l F based on their argument that this concentration provides the best balance of protection from dental caries while limiting the risk of dental @entity3296 . The rationale for this recommendation can be questioned, particularly given the contrasting etiologies and impact on the community. Uncertainty surrounds the key evidence considered by the panel. This study argues that the panel should have exercised more caution and called for further research before reducing the 'optimal' concentration of @entity1388 in water supplies. Up-to-date data on caries and @entity3296 trend by age group or birth cohort, analyses on attributable risk for @entity3296 , data on individual and population impact of caries and @entity3296 , water intake over an extended period across the seasons, and the curvilinear relationship of @entity1388 concentration in water supplies and caries protection would have all been desirable to inform the panel, given the foreshadowing of the recommendation in late 2011. Further, a wider range of policy directions to achieve the best balance of protection from dental caries while limiting the risk of dental @entity3296 are available from the international literature. Assessment of these should have been more evident. There is a public health policy responsibility to monitor water fluoridation programs so as to achieve a near maximum reduction in dental caries without unacceptable levels of dental @entity3296 . However, recommendations to alter existing policy need to be cognizant of the balancing of risk and protective exposures across the entire population and potentially all ages and to be based on recent data that are purposefully collected, critically analyzed and carefully interpreted.

title: Caution needed in altering the 'optimum' XXXX concentration in drinking water.

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

entities_list: @entity3296 :: ('MESH:D009050', 'Disease') :: ['fluorosis']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['fluoride']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The most widely researched risk/complication following vertebroplasty (VP) or kyphoplasty (KP) is that of @entity174 ( @entity174 ). Current literature results regarding the effect of intradiscal extravasation of cement on the risk of @entity174 is conflicting with about half of the studies concluding there is no added risk with endplate extravasation and half of the studies reporting opposite conclusions. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to further stratify the data to determine whether specifically the location and extent of endplate cement extravasation more strongly affect @entity174 risk in @entity3604 @entity1 following either @entity661 . STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: University teaching hospitalMETHODS: One hundred and fifty-six cemented levels in 80 @entity1 , treated at a single center between 2008 and 2012 were reviewed. Age, gender, T-score, body mass index, and @entity170 type (primary or secondary) were recorded. An @entity174 was defined as a @entity174 : 1) in a non-cemented vertebra; 2) adjacent to a cemented level; and 3) not due to @entity130 or @entity5 . Location of the cement extravasation (anterior, middle, or posterior third of the vertebral body) and extravasation extent (percentage of the intervertebral disc height occupied by the bolus) were measured. A logistic modeling strategy permitted examining the association between the location and extent of extravasation and the odds of @entity174 . RESULTS: @entity174 occurred in 14 of the 52 @entity1 (27%) and 20 of the 98 levels (20.4%) remaining after exclusions. Odds of @entity174 were 5.9 times higher (95% CI: 1.6 to 21.2, P = 0.008) with extravasation when compared to no leakage. Odds of @entity174 in a given @entity1 were 22.6 times higher (95% CI: 3.0 to 170.9, P = 0.003) with anterior extravasation when compared to no leakage. Leakage in the middle or posterior thirds and extent of extravasation were not associated with @entity174 . LIMITATIONS: Limitations of the study include the retrospective study design and small sample size as well as the retrospective implementation of follow-up criteria posing risk of selection bias. CONCLUSIONS: Cement endplate extravasation isolated to the anterior third of the vertebral body is associated with is significantly higher odds of @entity174 after VP or KP in @entity1 with @entity170 .

title: Effect of the Location of Endplate Cement Extravasation on Adjacent Level Fracture in Osteoporotic XXXX Undergoing Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty.

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['ALF', 'fracture', 'adjacent level fracture']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['VP or balloon KP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Elderly @entity1 in general exhibit a higher incidence of chronic and @entity9 conditions. This group poses a particular clinical challenge due to age-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic issues, comorbid conditions, and polypharmacy, as well as frailty and @entity73 . Poor control of @entity158 has consistently been identified as an issue for older @entity1 . The identification of safe and efficacious treatments for @entity1118 remains a critical public health concern, especially considering the progressive increase of the world's elderly population. OBJECTIVES: This narrative review deals with the principal alterations of the somatosensory system together with changes in non-neuronal cells in the course of aging. The possibility to control @entity1118 based on an innovative strategy which addresses non-neuronal cell dysregulation control will also be discussed. STUDY DESIGN: Narrative review. RESULTS: Peripheral nerves display functional, structural, and biochemical changes with aging that mainly involve A? fibers. Alteration in the responses to @entity158 in the middle insular cortex and primary somatosensory cortex are also observed in the elderly. In general, @entity158 threshold increases with age while the threshold of @entity158 remains unchanged or decreases. Additionally, other important modifications of the @entity158 perception system in this age group consist in a clear reduction in the descending inhibitory capacity with an associated @entity101 . Furthermore, different changes concern immune system cells, such as mast cells and microglia, that with age show an increase in their sensitivity to noxious stimuli and a decreased capability to be regulated by homeostatic endogenous systems. Since these cells are the primary interlocutors for @entity158 neurons, their alterations lead to changes that promote persistent neuroinflammation, thereby impacting @entity158 neuronal cell functionality. LIMITATION: This review is not an exhaustive review for the current evidence supporting the role of immune cells in influencing @entity158 somatosensory neuron functions. It is also important to stress the small number of studies designed to determine the efficacy and safety of anti- @entity158 therapies in elderly @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Non-neuronal cells of immune system origin such as microglia and mast cells, along with astrocytes, are capable of influencing @entity158 somatosensory neuron functions. These nervous system non-neuronal cells may thus be viewed as innovative targets for persistent @entity158 control. Among therapies aiming at preserving the functionality of non-neuronal cells, @entity9395 , with its high efficacy/risk ratio, may be an excellent co-treatment for the ever-growing elderly population with @entity1118 .

title: XXXX in the Elderly: The Case for New Therapeutic Strategies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in central sensitization']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity9395 :: ('MESH:C005958', 'Chemical') :: ['palmitoylethanolamide']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'heat pain', 'pain tolerance']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['Chronic Pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In a proof of concept study, metal-coded affinity tags based on click chemistry (MeCAT-Click) were used to analyze the proteome of @entity526 (E.coli) in response to heat stress. This allows high labeling efficiency, high detection sensitivity, and multiplex capabilities, which are pivotal for its application to protein quantification. Two approaches are presented for relative quantification of differentially @entity17361 -labeled proteins. The first approach uses isotope-labeling, where ESI- @entity15 was utilized to quantify the differentially labeled proteins from different states of @entity526 . With this approach, 14 proteins were found with changed abundance, among them five proteins upregulated. In the second approach, differentially labeled samples were separated by two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and scanned by @entity3928 ( @entity3928 ). Comparison of the signal intensities of the different @entity37461 was used to quantify different sample states. Based on this information, ESI- @entity15 was used to identify the proteins with different abundance. The sensitivity of @entity3928 allowed us to find one upregulated protein that was nearly invisible by @entity575 staining ("Probable replication endonuclease from retron EC67"). The advantage of this approach is to locate low abundant proteins with differential expression using @entity3928 , which may be overlooked otherwise. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This paper demonstrates the successful application of a novel metal labeling strategy to quantify the proteins from complex biological samples. In comparison with former metal labeling strategies, it reduces the steric hindrance and improves the labeling efficiency during the labeling process, which ensure its successful application. This methodology is compatible with both molecular and elemental mass spectrometry. ESI- @entity15 / @entity15 in combination with software-based search allows the identification and relative quantification of labeled proteins. In addition, @entity3928 helps to locate the labeled proteins in 2-DE gels with superior detection capability, thus, target proteins with low abundance can be precisely followed. Its excellent sensitivity allows one to track the proteins of interest that are barely visible by @entity575 staining.

title: Application of MeCAT-Click labeling for protein abundance characterization of XXXX after heat shock experiments.

entities_list: @entity37461 :: ('MESH:D028581', 'Chemical') :: ['lanthanides']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['LA-ICP-MS', 'laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry']

entities_list: @entity17361 :: ('CHEBI:33319', 'Chemical') :: ['lanthanide']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['E. coli']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity79 are associated with @entity65 and mortality in @entity1 with @entity740 and the general population. METHODS: We assessed the impact of baseline serum @entity4613 and @entity460 on longitudinal blood pressure (BP) control and survival in @entity101 adults. We studied 9260 @entity101 adults followed for 40 years (151789 @entity1 -years). Changes in BP over initial 5-year follow-up were analysed using generalized estimating equations. Survival analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: Serum @entity4613 levels were higher in @entity101 @entity1 (1.10mmol/l  0.20) than compared to @entity1 (1.02mmol/l  0.21). In treated @entity101 @entity1 , higher baseline serum @entity4613 was significantly associated with poor @entity353 (one standard deviation increase in @entity4613 was associated with 0.22 and 0.59 mmHg higher SBP at 5 years in @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively). Higher serum @entity4613 was significantly associated with all-cause and @entity65 in @entity1 , whereas in @entity1 and women, serum @entity460 significantly predicted all-cause and noncardiovascular mortality. In @entity101 @entity1 with @entity740 , higher @entity4613 was significantly associated with poorer survival. CONCLUSION: In @entity101 patients, serum @entity4613 and @entity460 are significantly associated with reduced all-cause and cardiovascular survival and this appears not to be related to BP control.

title: Association between serum XXXX and @entity460 , long-term blood pressure, and mortality in treated @entity101 adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal SBP reduction']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormalities of bone mineral parameters']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality', 'cardiovascular morbidity']

answer: @entity4613 :: (D010710,Chemical) :: ['phosphate']