abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of coronary angioplasty on @entity3361 remains unknown. We examined the effects of balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon, on coronary hypercontraction and eventual @entity256 in a @entity1707 model of @entity3361 . METHODS: We performed balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon at the site of @entity3361 superimposed on @entity731 with 6 (group A, n = 14) or 1 (group B, n = 14) atmospheres of inflation pressure in miniature @entity1707 . Using coronary angiography we assessed the coronary basal diameter and diameter change in response to @entity112 and @entity750 before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after angioplasty. Histological examinations were performed immediately after and 4 weeks after the angioplasty. RESULTS: Before angioplasty, @entity112 - and @entity750 -induced hypercontraction was reproducibly noted at the @entity731 site. Immediately after angioplasty, the coronary diameter became larger (P < 0.01) than before angioplasty in group A, but there was no significant difference in group B. The hypercontraction in group A was abolished immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, whereas the hypercontraction in group B was unchanged. Histological examination revealed medial @entity39 immediately after and medial fibrosis 4 weeks after angioplasty, which were more prominent in group A. Four weeks after angioplasty, the magnitude of @entity256 was greater in group A than in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Angioplasty using an oversized balloon with the higher atmosphere of inflation pressure abolished coronary hypercontraction immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, which probably resulted from the irreversible damage to medial smooth muscles; however, this did not prevent @entity256 .

title: Vasoreactivity and @entity256 after coronary angioplasty in the @entity731 XXXX model.

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of coronary angioplasty on @entity3361 remains unknown. We examined the effects of balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon, on coronary hypercontraction and eventual @entity256 in a @entity1707 model of @entity3361 . METHODS: We performed balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon at the site of @entity3361 superimposed on @entity731 with 6 (group A, n = 14) or 1 (group B, n = 14) atmospheres of inflation pressure in miniature @entity1707 . Using coronary angiography we assessed the coronary basal diameter and diameter change in response to @entity112 and @entity750 before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after angioplasty. Histological examinations were performed immediately after and 4 weeks after the angioplasty. RESULTS: Before angioplasty, @entity112 - and @entity750 -induced hypercontraction was reproducibly noted at the @entity731 site. Immediately after angioplasty, the coronary diameter became larger (P < 0.01) than before angioplasty in group A, but there was no significant difference in group B. The hypercontraction in group A was abolished immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, whereas the hypercontraction in group B was unchanged. Histological examination revealed medial @entity39 immediately after and medial fibrosis 4 weeks after angioplasty, which were more prominent in group A. Four weeks after angioplasty, the magnitude of @entity256 was greater in group A than in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Angioplasty using an oversized balloon with the higher atmosphere of inflation pressure abolished coronary hypercontraction immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, which probably resulted from the irreversible damage to medial smooth muscles; however, this did not prevent @entity256 .

title: Vasoreactivity and @entity256 after coronary angioplasty in the XXXX @entity1707 model.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3361 :: ('MESH:D003329', 'Disease') :: ['coronary spasm']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic']


abstract: The relationship between diuresis and natriuresis induced by @entity2172 ( @entity2172 ) and their renal haemodynamic effects were investigated. The effects of the iso-osmolar @entity20307 and the hyperosmolar diatrizoate on the renal vascular resistance (RVR) were studied in the filtering and non-filtering variants of the isolated perfused @entity35 kidney (IPRK) preparation. In the non-filtering model, no tubular regulatory process can be activated. The effect of diatrizoate on the RVR of the filtering IPRK in the presence of @entity1483 (0.3 mmol l-1) an inhibitor of the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) was also investigated. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the response of the filtering (n = 6) and non-filtering (n = 6) IPRK to @entity20307 . The induced reduction in the renal perfusate flow (RPF) by @entity20307 was 20.5 +/- 3.05% and 22.9 +/- 3.03%, respectively. The reduction in the RPF which was observed with @entity4946 in the non-filtering IPRK (n = 5, 17.5 +/- 3.04%) was significantly less (p < 0.05) in comparison to that of the filtering IPRK (n = 6, 26.9 +/- 4.28%). In the frusemide experiments, a reduction in the RPF comparable to that of the non-filtering kidney was observed (n = 5, 13.7 +/- 4.34%). This study demonstrates that the renal vascular effect of diatrizoate is partially dependent on the TGF response. No tubular regulatory mechanism was accountable for the haemodynamic effect of @entity20307 . The activation of the tubular response is osmolarity dependent.

title: Relationship between the diuretic effect of XXXX and their ability to increase renal vascular resistance.

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['RCM', 'radiocontrast media']

entities_list: @entity4946 :: ('MESH:D003973', 'Chemical') :: ['diatrizoate']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['fursemide']

answer: @entity2172 :: (MESH:D010033,Disease) :: ['radiocontrast media']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epicardial adipose tissue represents visceral adiposity, and the coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) score (CACS) has been suggested as a reasonable surrogate for @entity453 . Epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and blood pressure status can be attributed to @entity729 . OBJECTIVE: The present study was performed to evaluate the association between EFT and @entity729 according to blood pressure status in nonhypertensive individuals. METHODS: The CACS and echocardiographic EFT measurement were performed in a total of 1878 nonhypertensive individuals (1535 @entity1 ; mean age, 44      8.3  years). Subjects were divided into quartiles according to EFT ( <=2.575, 2.576-3.168, 3.169-3.900, and >3.900  mm) and into 2 groups according to the presence of CAC. Additionally, individuals were classified as normotensive (n  =  1064) or @entity1556 (n  =  814). RESULTS: The prevalence of CACS >0 group in @entity1556 individuals was 6.1%, 18.1%, 22.6%, and 29.9% in the lowest, second, third, and highest EFT quartiles, respectively (P  <  .001) and 7.3%, 13.1%, 14.0%, and 13.9% in the normotensive group (P  =  .050). On multivariate regression analysis, the second, third, and highest quartile EFT groups had higher odds ratios for the presence of CAC than that of the lowest quartile (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 3.849 [1.215-12.194], 4.069 [1.235-13.412], and 4.383 [1.385-13.875], respectively), although only in @entity1556 individuals. Moreover, an increased absolute EFT level was also associated with increased CACS in @entity1556 individuals (standardized b  =  0.101, P  =  .035). CONCLUSION: This study showed an independent relationship between EFT and @entity729 in nonhypertensive individuals, with variable differences in this association according to blood pressure status.

title: The association between epicardial fat thickness and XXXX according to blood pressure status in nonhypertensive individuals: From the CAESAR study.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery calcification']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1556 :: ('MESH:D058246', 'Disease') :: ['prehypertensive']

answer: @entity729 :: (MESH:D061205,Disease) :: ['coronary artery calcification']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) @entity3969 protocols (pre-operative chemotherapy based on clinical and radiological findings, with no prior @entity5 verification by open or needle biopsy) on subsequent intra-operative @entity5 diagnosis and @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The diagnosis and @entity5 of possible @entity3969 by clinical, ultrasonographic and radiological assessment were compared with the intra-operative findings in 14 consecutive @entity1 (1-12 years of age) treated between 1989 and 1994. RESULTS: A diagnosis of @entity3969 was histologically verified in 11 of 14 @entity1 . In two @entity1 , verification was not possible due to @entity5 following pre-operative chemotherapy. In a 12-year-old @entity1 with an estimated stage @entity66 due to a solitary lung metastasis, a @entity1358 was revealed in the nephrectomy specimen while subsequent thoracotomy revealed dysmorphic but not malignant tissue. The estimated @entity5 stage was correct with regard to localized or metastatic disease in nine of 11 @entity1 with histologically confirmed @entity3969 , while in two @entity1 with an estimated @entity5 , liver @entity3 were found intra-operatively and the @entity5 was upstaged to IV. CONCLUSION: Exact @entity5 diagnosis and @entity5 was difficult in these @entity1 . Although the accuracy of @entity5 @entity5 depends on the sensitivity of radiological and ultrasonographic examinations, difficulties in @entity5 diagnosis may be overcome by biopsies of the primary @entity5 . The justification of upstaging a @entity5 to stage III, provoking a more intense post-operative treatment, should be proven by prospective randomized studies. The decision to perform a primary @entity5 biopsy would be facilitated if possible subsequent deterioration of outcome could be excluded.

title: Staging problems in the pre-operative chemotherapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['IV disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['low-stage I/II tumour', 'complete necrosis of the tumour', 'stage II tumour', 'staging', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ["Wilms' tumour"]

answer: @entity3969 :: (MESH:D009396,Disease) :: ['Wilms' tumour']


abstract: There is evidence for bidirectional communication between the brain and the immune system. The immune system is subjected to neuroendocrine influences and reciprocally the @entity774 is modulated by immune signals. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), used to mimic @entity166 /inflammatory diseases, induce a series of stress markers, including modifications of monoaminergic transmission, enhancement of HPA axis activity, and decreased immune activity. In the present work we investigated the participation of peripheral @entity2661 in the immune and endocrine responses to LPS in vivo. We studied the effects of LPS after chemical sympathectomy using @entity2955 ( @entity2955 ), which does not cross the brain-blood barrier (BBB) in adults when peripherally injected. @entity2955 administration was able to interfere with the effects of LPS on immune cells; however, the effects depended on the lymphoid tissue tested. In fact, the @entity308 of mitogenesis induced by LPS was reversed by @entity2955 in the spleen but not in the thymus. Moreover, @entity2955 also interfered with the endocrine modifications induced by LPS. This neurotoxin completely or partially inhibited the effect of LPS on ACTH and @entity2819 secretion, respectively. Taken together, these results clearly demonstrate that in vivo, the peripheral sympathetic nervous system participates in the immune and endocrine effects of LPS.

title: Peripheral XXXX are involved in the neuroendocrine and immune effects of LPS.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine', '6-OHDA']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamopituitary-adrenal axis']

answer: @entity2661 :: (MESH:D002395,Chemical) :: ['catecholamines']


abstract: AIMS: @entity2 is the leading cause of @entity5 in the UK. The quality of curative-intent radiotherapy is associated with better outcomes. National quality standards from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) on @entity1 work-up and treatment selection were used, with guidance from the Royal College of Radiologists on the technical delivery of radiotherapy, to assess the quality of curative-intent @entity1149 radiotherapy and to describe current UK practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiotherapy departments completed one questionnaire for each @entity1 started on curative-intent radiotherapy for 8 weeks in 2013. RESULTS: Eighty-two per cent of centres returned a total of 317 proformas. @entity1 selection with positron emission tomography/computed tomography, performance status and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) was usually undertaken. Fifty-six per cent had pathological confirmation of mediastinal lymph nodes and 22% staging brain scans; 20% were treated with concurrent chemoradiation, 12% with Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) and 8% with @entity400 ( @entity400 ). Sixty-three per cent of @entity1 received 55 Gy/20 fractions. Although @entity1576 was routinely undertaken, only 33% used four-dimensional computed tomography. Seventy per cent of @entity1 were verified with cone beam computed tomography. There was consistency of practice in dosimetric constraints for organs at risk and follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This audit has described current UK practice. The latest recommendations for @entity1 selection with pathological confirmation of mediastinal lymph nodes, brain staging and respiratory function testing are not universally followed. Although there is evidence of increasing use of newer techniques such as four-dimensional computed tomography and cone beam image-guided radiotherapy, there is still variability in access. Efforts should be made to improve access to modern technologies and quality assurance of radiotherapy plans.

title: The Quality of Curative-intent Radiotherapy for XXXX in the UK.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-related death']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['Continuous Hyperfractionated Accelerated Radiotherapy', 'CHART']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory compensation']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sleep problems and substance use are strongly linked. Sleep problems play a role in the etiology of substance use, but also may be a result of it. After detoxification, @entity25 may worsen leading to relapse. Nowadays, most substance dependence treatment programs aim at recovery rather than total abstinence, and in that view health-related quality of life (HRQL) is a relevant construct. This article describes the association between self-perceived @entity25 and HRQL in a naturalistic population of polydrug-using inpatients. METHODS: At the start of treatment, 388 polydrug-using inpatients completed questionnaires concerning their sleep quality and HRQL. Three categories were established based on reported @entity25 : @entity1 without @entity25 (21.6%), those with clinically relevant @entity25 (34.5%), and @entity1 with @entity25 (43.8%). RESULTS: Mean grades for quality of sleep were M   =   7.3 (sd 1.7), M   =   6.6 (sd 1.7) and M   =   5.3 (sd 1.9) for the three categories, respectively. In addition, @entity1 in the disorder category perceived a lower HRQL than those in the other categories. In the explanation of HRQL, both @entity25 and @entity25 added significantly to the model when controlling for baseline characteristics. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Our findings stress the need for clinicians to pay attention to the quality of sleep of recovering polydrug users, since this may play an important role in the recovery process. Monitoring sleep during treatment is advocated. This study adds to the knowledge about the way HRQL and sleep are related in a naturalistic sample of substance-dependent @entity1 . (Am J Addict 2015;XX:XX-XX).

title: Sleep disturbances are associated with reduced health-related quality of life in XXXX with substance use disorders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders', 'sleep problems']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: APOLT has been developed both to enable the native liver to regenerate in @entity879 and to avoid the risks of long-term immunosuppressive therapy. We present our experience with APOLT in 4 @entity1 with @entity879 . The @entity1 were 33, 18, 5, and 34 years of age, respectively. The causes of @entity1578 were: one @entity2102 , one @entity1443 intoxication, and 2 causes which remained undetermined. All @entity1 were in coma before transplantation. First symptoms had occurred 13, 2, 30, and 20 days prior to APOLT, respectively. In all cases, segments II and III of the recipient's own liver were resected before implanting the @entity409 . The auxiliary graft consisted of segments II and III in 2 cases and of II, III, and IV in the other 2 @entity1 . The auxiliary graft showed good initial function in all cases. All 4 @entity1 are alive 5 years, 15 months, 6 months, and one month after transplantation. In the last @entity1 , an arterial @entity715 of the graft on the 5th postoperative day required retransplantation. The immunosuppressive therapy could be stopped in 3 cases and the graft was removed in 2 @entity1 15 and 40 days after APOLT, respectively. This shows that APOLT represents an effective treatment for @entity1 with @entity879 , which enables restoration of native liver function. Thus, APOLT should be considered in every @entity1 with acute and potentially reversible @entity1578 in whom a transplantation is indicated.

title: Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation for XXXX : the Hannover experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute liver failure']

entities_list: @entity2102 :: ('MESH:D017359', 'Disease') :: ['HELLP syndrome']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['auxiliary liver orthotopically']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure', 'liver failure']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

answer: @entity879 :: (MESH:D017114,Disease) :: ['acute liver failure']


abstract: 1. In an unselected adult renal transplant population, @entity1140 as the primary immunosuppressive agent yielded one- and 2-year actuarial @entity1 survival rates of 95% and 93% and one- and 2-year actuarial graft survival rates of 89% and 83%, respectively. Forty-nine percent of successfully transplanted @entity1 were weaned off @entity230 . 2. In pediatric renal transplant @entity1 , @entity1140 has been associated with 100% one- and 3-year actuarial @entity1 survival rates and 98% and 85% one- and 3-year actuarial graft survival rates, respectively. Sixty-two percent of successfully transplanted @entity1 were taken off @entity229 , with dramatic improvements in height. 3. @entity1140 has been used successfully in rescuing 70-74% of adult or pediatric renal transplant @entity1 with an acute rejection that failed conventional therapy. 4. Kidney/bone marrow transplantation under @entity1140 therapy has been successfully performed without @entity2132 and with routine augmentation of chimerism. 5. The side effects of @entity1140 included nephrotoxicity, @entity2359 , and diabetogenicity; they were comparable to those seen with CsA. 6. @entity1140 is an important new addition to the immunosuppressive armamentarium in renal transplant @entity1 .

title: Renal transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh: the impact of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['FK506']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The foot and ankle surgeon can see @entity1897 in the treatment of foot and ankle conditions. The purpose of this study was (1) to evaluate the demographics and presenting complaints of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1897 during an examination by a foot and ankle surgeon and (2) to identify the type and frequency of subsequent diagnosis of medical causes of @entity16 . METHODS: This was a retrospective study of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1897 in our practice between January 1997 and December 2008. Ninety-five @entity1 were identified, and demographic data, presenting complaints, and medical comorbidities were extracted from the medical record. Examination findings of decreased sensation to Semmes Weinstein 5.07 monofilament testing were documented, and electromyogram and nerve conduction study results were reviewed when available. Laboratory values were noted, as were neurologic evaluations performed to diagnose medical conditions associated with @entity1897 . RESULTS: The most common presentation was foot @entity158 , in 36 @entity1 (38%). Ninety-one @entity1 had Semmes Weinstein 5.07 monofilament testing, with loss of protective sensation reported in 75 of the 91 tested (82%). Only 30 of the 95 @entity1 had electromyogram and nerve conduction study results available, with a test positive for @entity1897 in 20 of the 30 tested. Thirty-two @entity1 were evaluated by a neurologist. A specific cause was identified in 12 of the 32 seen by a neurologist. Of the total group of 95 @entity1 , 31 @entity1 (33%) were diagnosed with a condition that may be associated with @entity1897 . CONCLUSIONS: Thirty-three percent of the @entity1 presenting to our clinic and given a diagnosis of @entity1897 were ultimately diagnosed with a medical cause of @entity16 -most commonly, @entity6 . For those @entity1 with @entity16 , a spectrum of disease was encountered, including @entity158 , @entity1066 , infection, and Charcot neuroarthropathy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, retrospective case series.

title: Evaluation of XXXX of Unknown Origin in an Outpatient Foot and Ankle Practice.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic peripheral neuropathy', 'peripheral neuropathy']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['Peripheral Neuropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study aims to examine survival for @entity6595 and its main subtypes, @entity1074 ( @entity1074 ), and @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ), in Germany and in the United States. METHODS: Data for @entity1 diagnosed in 1997-2010 were used from 10 population-based German @entity5 registries and compared to the data from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 13 registries database. @entity1 age 15-74 diagnosed with @entity6595 were included in the analysis. Period analysis and modeled period analysis were used to estimate 5-year and 10-year relative survival (RS) in 2002-2010 and survival trends from 2002-2004 to 2008-2010. RESULTS: Overall, the database included 1534 and 2688 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity6595 in 1997-2010 in Germany and in the United States, respectively. Survival was substantially higher for @entity1074 (5-year and 10-year RS: 89.0% and 80.9% in Germany, 93.8% and 86.8% in the United States) than for @entity1892 (67.5% and 59.2% in Germany, and 65.3% and 54.7% in the United States) in 2002-2010. Survival was slightly higher among female @entity1 and decreased by age for @entity6595 combined and its main subtypes. A slight, nonsignificant, increase in the 5-year RS for @entity6595 combined was observed in Germany and the United States, with increases in 5-year RS between 2002-2004 and 2008-2010 from 77.1% to 81.0% and from 77.3% to 82.0%, respectively. Five-year RS of @entity1074 exceeded 90% in 2008-2010 in both countries. CONCLUSIONS: Five-year RS of @entity1074 meanwhile exceeds 90% in both Germany and the United States, but @entity1892 has remained below 70% in both countries.

title: Survival of @entity1 with XXXX in Germany and in the United States.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6595 :: ('MESH:C535648', 'Disease') :: ['gastric lymphomas', 'gastric lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma', 'MALT']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity6595 :: (MESH:C535648,Disease) :: ['gastric lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study aims to examine survival for @entity6595 and its main subtypes, @entity1074 ( @entity1074 ), and @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ), in Germany and in the United States. METHODS: Data for @entity1 diagnosed in 1997-2010 were used from 10 population-based German @entity5 registries and compared to the data from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 13 registries database. @entity1 age 15-74 diagnosed with @entity6595 were included in the analysis. Period analysis and modeled period analysis were used to estimate 5-year and 10-year relative survival (RS) in 2002-2010 and survival trends from 2002-2004 to 2008-2010. RESULTS: Overall, the database included 1534 and 2688 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity6595 in 1997-2010 in Germany and in the United States, respectively. Survival was substantially higher for @entity1074 (5-year and 10-year RS: 89.0% and 80.9% in Germany, 93.8% and 86.8% in the United States) than for @entity1892 (67.5% and 59.2% in Germany, and 65.3% and 54.7% in the United States) in 2002-2010. Survival was slightly higher among female @entity1 and decreased by age for @entity6595 combined and its main subtypes. A slight, nonsignificant, increase in the 5-year RS for @entity6595 combined was observed in Germany and the United States, with increases in 5-year RS between 2002-2004 and 2008-2010 from 77.1% to 81.0% and from 77.3% to 82.0%, respectively. Five-year RS of @entity1074 exceeded 90% in 2008-2010 in both countries. CONCLUSIONS: Five-year RS of @entity1074 meanwhile exceeds 90% in both Germany and the United States, but @entity1892 has remained below 70% in both countries.

title: Survival of XXXX with @entity6595 in Germany and in the United States.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Existing prediction rules for prospectively prognosticating early mortality following @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) require clinical and/or laboratory data, and are rarely suitable for claims database analyses. We sought to develop a claims-based prediction rule that retrospectively classifies @entity1151 @entity1 into low- or higher-risk in-hospital mortality categories. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We randomly assigned MarketScan database @entity1 admitted for @entity1151 between April 2010 and September 2013 into derivation (80%) and validation (20%) cohorts. A prediction rule (In-hospital Mortality for @entity1151 using Claims daTa or IMPACT) was derived using multivariable logistic regression, with in-hospital mortality as the dependent variable and demographic/comorbidity data available in claims databases as independent variables. In-hospital mortality rates for low- and higher-risk @entity1 were compared across the derivation and validation cohorts, and prediction rule performance was assessed by evaluating sensitivity and specificity estimates. RESULTS: A total of 27,833 @entity1 admitted for @entity1151 were included. The IMPACT rule consisted of 12 risk factors, and categorized 46% of @entity1 as low-risk in both cohorts. @entity1 classified as low-risk by IMPACT (defined as an estimated in-hospital mortality risk  <=1.5%) had average in-hospital mortality rates of 0.81% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65-1.00) in the derivation and 0.77% (95% CI, 0.50-1.18) in the validation cohort. Higher-risk @entity1 had average in-hospital mortality rates of 4.61% (95% CI, 4.25-5.01) and 5.02% (95% CI, 4.30-5.85), respectively. The IMPACT rule had high sensitivity for classifying in-hospital mortality risk (0.87 in both cohorts), but moderate specificity (0.47 for both cohorts). LIMITATIONS: We were unable to assess 30 day mortality as an endpoint. IMPACT was only validated in an internal sample. CONCLUSIONS: The IMPACT prediction rule may be able to retrospectively classify @entity1151 @entity1 ' in-hospital mortality risk with high sensitivity and moderate specificity.

title: Derivation and validation of the In-hospital Mortality for XXXX using Claims daTa (IMPACT) prediction rule.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism', 'PulmonAry embolism']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['PulmonAry embolism']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of the radiopharmaceutical @entity18808 combined with positron emission tomography/computer tomography ( @entity598 -PET/CT) in @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) staging in newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases. A second aim was to evaluate the potential discriminative properties of @entity598 -PET/CT in clinical routine. @entity1 AND METHODS: In a prospective comparative study, from July 2010 to June 2013, 53 @entity1 with newly histologically diagnosed intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer underwent @entity598 -PET/CT investigation at one regional centre before laparoscopic extended pelvic @entity1600 dissection (ePLND) at one referral centre. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of @entity598 -PET/CT were calculated. Comparisons were made between true-positive and false-negative PET/CT cases to identify differences in the clinical parameters: PSA level, Gleason status, lymph metastasis burden and size, calculated risk of @entity1600 involvement, and curative treatment decisions. RESULTS: In all, 26 @entity1 had surgically/histologically confirmed @entity1600 metastasis ( @entity1600 +). @entity598 -PET/CT was true positive in 10 @entity1 , false positive in one, false negative in 16, and true negative in 26. The individual sensitivity was 38%, specificity 96%, and accuracy 68%. The @entity598 -PET/CT positive cases had significantly more involved LNs (mean 7.9 vs 2.4, P < 0.001) with larger cancer diameters (14.1 vs 4.9  mm, P = 0.001) and fewer eventually had treatment with curative intent (40% vs 94%, P <0.005), although we lack long-term outcome data. CONCLUSION: @entity598 -PET/CT has too low a sensitivity for routine @entity1600 staging but the specificity is high. The @entity598 -PET/CT positive cases have a very high burden of @entity1600 spread.

title: Laparoscopic extended pelvic @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) dissection as validation of the performance of XXXX positron emission tomography/computer tomography in the detection of @entity1600 metastasis in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetate', 'acetate']

answer: @entity18808 :: (MESH:C438206,Chemical) :: ['[(11) C]-acetate']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of the radiopharmaceutical @entity18808 combined with positron emission tomography/computer tomography ( @entity598 -PET/CT) in @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) staging in newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases. A second aim was to evaluate the potential discriminative properties of @entity598 -PET/CT in clinical routine. @entity1 AND METHODS: In a prospective comparative study, from July 2010 to June 2013, 53 @entity1 with newly histologically diagnosed intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer underwent @entity598 -PET/CT investigation at one regional centre before laparoscopic extended pelvic @entity1600 dissection (ePLND) at one referral centre. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of @entity598 -PET/CT were calculated. Comparisons were made between true-positive and false-negative PET/CT cases to identify differences in the clinical parameters: PSA level, Gleason status, lymph metastasis burden and size, calculated risk of @entity1600 involvement, and curative treatment decisions. RESULTS: In all, 26 @entity1 had surgically/histologically confirmed @entity1600 metastasis ( @entity1600 +). @entity598 -PET/CT was true positive in 10 @entity1 , false positive in one, false negative in 16, and true negative in 26. The individual sensitivity was 38%, specificity 96%, and accuracy 68%. The @entity598 -PET/CT positive cases had significantly more involved LNs (mean 7.9 vs 2.4, P < 0.001) with larger cancer diameters (14.1 vs 4.9  mm, P = 0.001) and fewer eventually had treatment with curative intent (40% vs 94%, P <0.005), although we lack long-term outcome data. CONCLUSION: @entity598 -PET/CT has too low a sensitivity for routine @entity1600 staging but the specificity is high. The @entity598 -PET/CT positive cases have a very high burden of @entity1600 spread.

title: Laparoscopic extended pelvic XXXX ( @entity1600 ) dissection as validation of the performance of @entity18808 positron emission tomography/computer tomography in the detection of @entity1600 metastasis in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer.

answer: @entity1600 :: (MESH:D014388,Disease) :: ['lymph node']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of the radiopharmaceutical @entity18808 combined with positron emission tomography/computer tomography ( @entity598 -PET/CT) in @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) staging in newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases. A second aim was to evaluate the potential discriminative properties of @entity598 -PET/CT in clinical routine. @entity1 AND METHODS: In a prospective comparative study, from July 2010 to June 2013, 53 @entity1 with newly histologically diagnosed intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer underwent @entity598 -PET/CT investigation at one regional centre before laparoscopic extended pelvic @entity1600 dissection (ePLND) at one referral centre. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of @entity598 -PET/CT were calculated. Comparisons were made between true-positive and false-negative PET/CT cases to identify differences in the clinical parameters: PSA level, Gleason status, lymph metastasis burden and size, calculated risk of @entity1600 involvement, and curative treatment decisions. RESULTS: In all, 26 @entity1 had surgically/histologically confirmed @entity1600 metastasis ( @entity1600 +). @entity598 -PET/CT was true positive in 10 @entity1 , false positive in one, false negative in 16, and true negative in 26. The individual sensitivity was 38%, specificity 96%, and accuracy 68%. The @entity598 -PET/CT positive cases had significantly more involved LNs (mean 7.9 vs 2.4, P < 0.001) with larger cancer diameters (14.1 vs 4.9  mm, P = 0.001) and fewer eventually had treatment with curative intent (40% vs 94%, P <0.005), although we lack long-term outcome data. CONCLUSION: @entity598 -PET/CT has too low a sensitivity for routine @entity1600 staging but the specificity is high. The @entity598 -PET/CT positive cases have a very high burden of @entity1600 spread.

title: Laparoscopic extended pelvic @entity1600 ( XXXX ) dissection as validation of the performance of @entity18808 positron emission tomography/computer tomography in the detection of @entity1600 metastasis in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer.

answer: @entity1600 :: (MESH:D014388,Disease) :: ['LN']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of the radiopharmaceutical @entity18808 combined with positron emission tomography/computer tomography ( @entity598 -PET/CT) in @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) staging in newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases. A second aim was to evaluate the potential discriminative properties of @entity598 -PET/CT in clinical routine. @entity1 AND METHODS: In a prospective comparative study, from July 2010 to June 2013, 53 @entity1 with newly histologically diagnosed intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer underwent @entity598 -PET/CT investigation at one regional centre before laparoscopic extended pelvic @entity1600 dissection (ePLND) at one referral centre. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of @entity598 -PET/CT were calculated. Comparisons were made between true-positive and false-negative PET/CT cases to identify differences in the clinical parameters: PSA level, Gleason status, lymph metastasis burden and size, calculated risk of @entity1600 involvement, and curative treatment decisions. RESULTS: In all, 26 @entity1 had surgically/histologically confirmed @entity1600 metastasis ( @entity1600 +). @entity598 -PET/CT was true positive in 10 @entity1 , false positive in one, false negative in 16, and true negative in 26. The individual sensitivity was 38%, specificity 96%, and accuracy 68%. The @entity598 -PET/CT positive cases had significantly more involved LNs (mean 7.9 vs 2.4, P < 0.001) with larger cancer diameters (14.1 vs 4.9  mm, P = 0.001) and fewer eventually had treatment with curative intent (40% vs 94%, P <0.005), although we lack long-term outcome data. CONCLUSION: @entity598 -PET/CT has too low a sensitivity for routine @entity1600 staging but the specificity is high. The @entity598 -PET/CT positive cases have a very high burden of @entity1600 spread.

title: Laparoscopic extended pelvic @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) dissection as validation of the performance of @entity18808 positron emission tomography/computer tomography in the detection of XXXX metastasis in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer.

answer: @entity1600 :: (MESH:D014388,Disease) :: ['LN']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background @entity4281 ( @entity4281 ) is a @entity102 caused by ingestion of the eggs of the parasitic cestode @entity8434 ( @entity8434 ). In severe cases liver transplantation (LT) may represent the only possibility of survival and cure. METHODS: @entity1 undergoing LT associated with hepatic @entity4281 at our institution between April 2011 and October 2014 were investigated retrospectively. The clinical findings of the 27 @entity1 who participated in the study were noted. The Kaplan-Meier and Chi-Square tests were used to investigate the effect of these characteristics on survival and mortality. RESULTS: Live donor LT was performed on 20 @entity1 (74.1%) and deceased LT on 7(25.9%). Hilar invasion was the most common indication (14 @entity1 , 51.9%) for transplantation. The @entity1 were followed up for 16.1  11.4 months. The overall survival rate was 77.8%. Primary non-function developed only in 2 @entity1 in the post-transplantation period. Six @entity1 died during monitoring, the most common cause of death being the @entity295 (3 @entity1 ). The relationship between the mortality rate of the @entity1 and the invasion of the bile duct and/or portal vein by @entity75 was found to be statistically significant (p=0.024 and p=0.043, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: According to the PNM Staging, when the @entity4281 exceeds the resectability limits, the only alternative for the treatment of the disease is liver transplantation. However, different from the liver transplantation due to @entity82 , it is extremely difficult to perform a transplantation in @entity4281 because of the invasive characteristics of it. In order to decrease the difficulty of the operation and the postoperative mortality, the intracystic abscess and @entity255 which occur due to @entity4281 must be treated via medical and percutaneous method before the transplantation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Liver transplantation for XXXX in an endemic region.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar lesions']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity8434 :: ('MESH:D004443', 'Disease') :: ['EM', 'Echinococcosis multilocularis']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity4281 :: ('MESH:C536591', 'Disease') :: ['AE', 'AE disease', 'Alveolar Echinococcosis']

answer: @entity4281 :: (MESH:C536591,Disease) :: ['alveolar echinococcosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether adjunctive @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) or amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) improve the outcomes of @entity726 valve (AGV) implantation. METHODS: This double-blind, stratified, 3-armed randomized clinical trial includes 75 eyes of 75 @entity1 aged 7 to 75 years with @entity726 . Eligible subjects underwent stratified block randomization; eyes were first stratified to surgery in the superior or inferior quadrants based on feasibility; in each subgroup, eyes were randomly assigned to the study arms using random blocks: conventional AGV implantation (group A, 25 eyes), AGV with @entity1139 (group B, 25 eyes), and AGV with AMT (group C, 25 eyes). RESULTS: The 3 study groups were comparable regarding baseline characteristics and mean follow-up (P=0.288). A total of 68 @entity1 including 23 eyes in group A, 25 eyes in group B, and 20 eyes group C completed the follow-up period and were analyzed. Intraocular pressure was lower in the @entity1139 group only 3 weeks postoperatively (P=0.04) but comparable at other time intervals. Overall success rate was comparable in the 3 groups at 12 months (P=0.217). The number of eyes requiring medications (P=0.30), time to initiation of medications (P=0.13), and number of medications (P=0.22) were comparable. @entity101 phase was slightly but insignificantly more common with standard surgery (82%) as compared with @entity1139 -augmented (60%) and AMT-augmented (70%) procedures (P=0.23). Complications were comparable over 1 year (P=0.28). CONCLUSIONS: Although adjunctive @entity1139 and AMT were safe during AGV implantation, they did not influence success rates or intraocular pressure outcomes. Complications, including @entity101 phase, were also comparable.

title: Adjunctive XXXX or Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Ahmed @entity726 : A Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertensive', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Ahmed glaucoma', 'refractory glaucoma']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['Mitomycin C']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether adjunctive @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) or amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) improve the outcomes of @entity726 valve (AGV) implantation. METHODS: This double-blind, stratified, 3-armed randomized clinical trial includes 75 eyes of 75 @entity1 aged 7 to 75 years with @entity726 . Eligible subjects underwent stratified block randomization; eyes were first stratified to surgery in the superior or inferior quadrants based on feasibility; in each subgroup, eyes were randomly assigned to the study arms using random blocks: conventional AGV implantation (group A, 25 eyes), AGV with @entity1139 (group B, 25 eyes), and AGV with AMT (group C, 25 eyes). RESULTS: The 3 study groups were comparable regarding baseline characteristics and mean follow-up (P=0.288). A total of 68 @entity1 including 23 eyes in group A, 25 eyes in group B, and 20 eyes group C completed the follow-up period and were analyzed. Intraocular pressure was lower in the @entity1139 group only 3 weeks postoperatively (P=0.04) but comparable at other time intervals. Overall success rate was comparable in the 3 groups at 12 months (P=0.217). The number of eyes requiring medications (P=0.30), time to initiation of medications (P=0.13), and number of medications (P=0.22) were comparable. @entity101 phase was slightly but insignificantly more common with standard surgery (82%) as compared with @entity1139 -augmented (60%) and AMT-augmented (70%) procedures (P=0.23). Complications were comparable over 1 year (P=0.28). CONCLUSIONS: Although adjunctive @entity1139 and AMT were safe during AGV implantation, they did not influence success rates or intraocular pressure outcomes. Complications, including @entity101 phase, were also comparable.

title: Adjunctive @entity1138 or Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Ahmed XXXX : A Randomized Clinical Trial.

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma Valve Implantation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) is a common genetic @entity299 characterized by @entity123 , @entity296 , and impaired ventricular relaxation. The exact mechanisms by which @entity82 is caused remain unknown. HYPOTHESIS: Circulating @entity2533 is related to poor prognosis in @entity1121 . METHODS: We compared @entity2533 levels of 49 @entity1121 @entity1 with those of 40 non- @entity1121 @entity1 . We followed the @entity1 with @entity1121 for 18 months and divided them into 2 groups: low @entity2533 ( <=4877 pg/mL) and high @entity2533 (>4877 pg/mL). We compared the 2 groups in terms of @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ), echocardiographic parameters, and clinical outcomes including @entity583 , @entity943 , implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation, hospitalization, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, @entity712 , and mortality. RESULTS: The @entity1121 @entity1 had higher @entity2533 levels than those in the control group (P = 0.005). In the follow-up, those in the high @entity2533 group had higher @entity3876 levels, larger left-atrial size, thicker interventricular septum, NYHA class, more hospitalizations, and a greater number of clinical adverse events (P < 0.001, P = 0.01, P < 0.001, P = 0.002, P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). @entity2533 level of >4877 pg/mL can predict adverse events with a specificity of 75% and a sensitivity of 72% (P = 0.014). In multivariate regression analysis, @entity2533 , @entity3876 , and interventricular septum thickness were significantly associated with adverse events (P = 0.028, P = 0.030, and P = 0.034, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity2533 level is higher in @entity1121 @entity1 and associated with a poor prognosis in @entity1121 .

title: Increased Transforming Growth Factor-b Levels Associated With Cardiac Adverse Events in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['acute heart failure']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'brain natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1121 :: (MESH:D002312,Disease) :: ['Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity65 ( @entity65 ) are significantly high in the Lebanese population with the two most predominant forms being @entity731 and @entity49 . The purpose of our study was to assess the association of a spectrum of CVD related genes and combined state of @entity101 ( @entity101 ) in unrelated Lebanese. Twelve polymorphisms were studied by multiplex PCR and reverse hybridization of DNA from 171 healthy individuals and 144 @entity101 subjects. Two genes were significantly associated with @entity101 : @entity1289 (OR: 9.20, P<0.0001) and @entity2289 (OR: 2.29, P = 0.007), respectively with the occurrence of the risky alleles "Del" and "4G". The frequencies of the Del and 4G alleles were found to be 0.98 and 0.90 in the @entity101 group versus 0.84 and 0.79 in the healthy group, respectively. Serum @entity1289 activity and PAI-I increased significantly with Del/Del and 4G/5G genotypes. The co-expression of Del/4G(+/+) was detected in 113 out of 171 (66.0%) controls and 125 out of 144 (86.8%) @entity101 subjects. Del/4G(-/-) was detected in only 6 (3.5%) controls and undetected in the @entity101 group. Three @entity49 related genes [FV(Leiden), @entity9769 ( @entity24038 ) and FXIII( @entity22653 )] were significantly related to the prominence of the co-expression of Del/4G(+/+). A range of 2 to 8 combined polymorphisms co-expressed per subject where 5 mutations were the most detected. In Del/4G(+/+) subjects, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) produced significant elevated levels of @entity379 and @entity310 contrary to @entity688 , and no variations occurred for @entity3646 . @entity1289 inhibitor ( @entity3372 ) in combination with @entity6817 ( @entity2993 ) and not alone reversed significantly the situation. This first report from Lebanon sheds light on an additional genetic predisposition of a complex spectrum of genes involved in CVD and suggests that the most requested gene @entity5337 by physicians may not be sufficient to diagnose eventual future problems that can occur in the cardiovascular system. Subjects expressing the double mutations (Del/4G) are at high risk for the onset of @entity65 .

title: High Incidence of XXXX / @entity2289 in Association to a Spectrum of Other Polymorphic Cardiovascular Genes Involving PBMCs Proinflammatory Cytokines in Hypertensive Hypercholesterolemic Patients: Reversibility with a Combination of @entity1289 Inhibitor and Statin.

entities_list: @entity3372 :: ('MESH:D017257', 'Chemical') :: ['ramipril']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['HH', 'hypertension hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity22653 :: ('p|SUB|V|34|L', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V34L']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVDs', 'Cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity1289 :: (1636,Gene) :: ['ACE']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity65 ( @entity65 ) are significantly high in the Lebanese population with the two most predominant forms being @entity731 and @entity49 . The purpose of our study was to assess the association of a spectrum of CVD related genes and combined state of @entity101 ( @entity101 ) in unrelated Lebanese. Twelve polymorphisms were studied by multiplex PCR and reverse hybridization of DNA from 171 healthy individuals and 144 @entity101 subjects. Two genes were significantly associated with @entity101 : @entity1289 (OR: 9.20, P<0.0001) and @entity2289 (OR: 2.29, P = 0.007), respectively with the occurrence of the risky alleles "Del" and "4G". The frequencies of the Del and 4G alleles were found to be 0.98 and 0.90 in the @entity101 group versus 0.84 and 0.79 in the healthy group, respectively. Serum @entity1289 activity and PAI-I increased significantly with Del/Del and 4G/5G genotypes. The co-expression of Del/4G(+/+) was detected in 113 out of 171 (66.0%) controls and 125 out of 144 (86.8%) @entity101 subjects. Del/4G(-/-) was detected in only 6 (3.5%) controls and undetected in the @entity101 group. Three @entity49 related genes [FV(Leiden), @entity9769 ( @entity24038 ) and FXIII( @entity22653 )] were significantly related to the prominence of the co-expression of Del/4G(+/+). A range of 2 to 8 combined polymorphisms co-expressed per subject where 5 mutations were the most detected. In Del/4G(+/+) subjects, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) produced significant elevated levels of @entity379 and @entity310 contrary to @entity688 , and no variations occurred for @entity3646 . @entity1289 inhibitor ( @entity3372 ) in combination with @entity6817 ( @entity2993 ) and not alone reversed significantly the situation. This first report from Lebanon sheds light on an additional genetic predisposition of a complex spectrum of genes involved in CVD and suggests that the most requested gene @entity5337 by physicians may not be sufficient to diagnose eventual future problems that can occur in the cardiovascular system. Subjects expressing the double mutations (Del/4G) are at high risk for the onset of @entity65 .

title: High Incidence of @entity1289 / @entity2289 in Association to a Spectrum of Other Polymorphic Cardiovascular Genes Involving PBMCs Proinflammatory Cytokines in Hypertensive Hypercholesterolemic Patients: Reversibility with a Combination of XXXX Inhibitor and Statin.

answer: @entity1289 :: (1636,Gene) :: ['ACE']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity65 ( @entity65 ) are significantly high in the Lebanese population with the two most predominant forms being @entity731 and @entity49 . The purpose of our study was to assess the association of a spectrum of CVD related genes and combined state of @entity101 ( @entity101 ) in unrelated Lebanese. Twelve polymorphisms were studied by multiplex PCR and reverse hybridization of DNA from 171 healthy individuals and 144 @entity101 subjects. Two genes were significantly associated with @entity101 : @entity1289 (OR: 9.20, P<0.0001) and @entity2289 (OR: 2.29, P = 0.007), respectively with the occurrence of the risky alleles "Del" and "4G". The frequencies of the Del and 4G alleles were found to be 0.98 and 0.90 in the @entity101 group versus 0.84 and 0.79 in the healthy group, respectively. Serum @entity1289 activity and PAI-I increased significantly with Del/Del and 4G/5G genotypes. The co-expression of Del/4G(+/+) was detected in 113 out of 171 (66.0%) controls and 125 out of 144 (86.8%) @entity101 subjects. Del/4G(-/-) was detected in only 6 (3.5%) controls and undetected in the @entity101 group. Three @entity49 related genes [FV(Leiden), @entity9769 ( @entity24038 ) and FXIII( @entity22653 )] were significantly related to the prominence of the co-expression of Del/4G(+/+). A range of 2 to 8 combined polymorphisms co-expressed per subject where 5 mutations were the most detected. In Del/4G(+/+) subjects, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) produced significant elevated levels of @entity379 and @entity310 contrary to @entity688 , and no variations occurred for @entity3646 . @entity1289 inhibitor ( @entity3372 ) in combination with @entity6817 ( @entity2993 ) and not alone reversed significantly the situation. This first report from Lebanon sheds light on an additional genetic predisposition of a complex spectrum of genes involved in CVD and suggests that the most requested gene @entity5337 by physicians may not be sufficient to diagnose eventual future problems that can occur in the cardiovascular system. Subjects expressing the double mutations (Del/4G) are at high risk for the onset of @entity65 .

title: High Incidence of @entity1289 / XXXX in Association to a Spectrum of Other Polymorphic Cardiovascular Genes Involving PBMCs Proinflammatory Cytokines in Hypertensive Hypercholesterolemic Patients: Reversibility with a Combination of @entity1289 Inhibitor and Statin.

answer: @entity2289 :: (5054,Gene) :: ['PAI-1']


abstract: Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of @entity1729 , chronic @entity1030 , and @entity65 , all of which may be modulated by endogenous @entity842 (NO). We have investigated whether cigarette smoking reduces the production of endogenous NO. We compared exhalations of 41 current cigarette smokers with normal lung function and 73 age-matched non-smoking controls. Peak exhaled NO levels were measured by a modified chemiluminescence analyzer. The effects of inhaling a single cigarette in smokers were also measured. In control subjects we also measured the effects of inhalation of NO itself and @entity1223 , both constituents of @entity286 smoke. Peak exhaled NO concentrations were significantly reduced in smokers (42 +/- 3.9 compared with 88 +/- 2.7 parts per billion in nonsmokers, p < 0.01), with a significant relation between the exhaled NO and cigarette consumption (r = 0.77, p < 0.001). Smoking a single cigarette also significantly (p < 0.02), but transiently, reduced exhaled NO. Inhalation of @entity1223 and NO had no effect on exhaled NO in normal subjects. Cigarette smoking decreased exhaled NO, suggesting that it may inhibit the enzyme NO synthase. Since endogenous NO is important in defending the respiratory tract against @entity281 , in counteracting bronchoconstriction and vasoconstriction, and in inhibiting @entity1423 , this effect may contribute to the increased risks of chronic respiratory and @entity65 in cigarette smokers.

title: Acute and chronic effects of cigarette smoking on exhaled XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['airway disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: 1. A successful @entity235 "venous return (VR)" model is described, in which all hemodynamic parameters were stable for about an hour, by minimizing extracorporeal circuit primed with dextran (DX) so that the dilution of the blood was kept about 33%. 2. Increases in VR by @entity1063 (1 micrograms/kg) and dose-dependent decreases in VR by @entity1242 (1-30 micrograms/kg) were clearly observed. 3. While 1 microgram/kg of @entity594 produced a small, but significant decrease in VR, only a tendency for decrease was observed with higher doses which produced a @entity551 . 4. @entity10129 (1 microgram/kg) caused a small decrease in VR. However, higher doses that produced a large and persistent @entity551 produced an increase in VR due probably to intense reflex translocation of the blood. The increase in VR was reversed with @entity1405 , a beta-blocker with alpha-blocking activity.

title: Use of dextran-primed extracorporeal circuit in the XXXX model for venous return: with special references to the effects of two dihydropyridine-type Ca2+ channel blockers.

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['glyceryl trinitrate']

entities_list: @entity1405 :: ('MESH:C043211', 'Chemical') :: ['carvedilol']

entities_list: @entity10129 :: ('MESH:D015737', 'Chemical') :: ['Nisoldipine']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension', 'definite fall in blood pressure']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: Importance: The most widely used surgical interventions for pediatric unilateral vocal @entity912 include injection laryngoplasty, thyroplasty, and laryngeal reinnervation. Despite increasing interest in surgical interventions for unilateral vocal @entity912 in @entity1 , the surgical outcomes data in @entity1 are scarce. Objective: To appraise and summarize the available evidence for pediatric unilateral vocal @entity912 surgical strategies. Evidence Review: MEDLINE (1946-2014) and EMBASE (1980-2014) were searched for publications that described the results of laryngoplasty, thyroplasty, or laryngeal reinnervation for pediatric unilateral vocal @entity912 . Further studies were identified from bibliographies of relevant studies, gray literature, and annual scientific assemblies. Two reviewers independently appraised the selected studies for quality, level of evidence, and risk of bias as well as extracted data, including unilateral vocal @entity912 origin, voice outcomes, swallowing outcomes, and adverse events. Findings: Of 366 identified studies, the inclusion criteria were met by 15 studies: 6 observational studies, 6 case series, and 3 case reports. All 36 @entity1 undergoing laryngeal reinnervation (8 studies) had improvement or resolution of @entity7364 . Of 31 @entity1 receiving injection laryngoplasty (6 studies), most experienced improvement in voice quality, speech, swallowing, @entity1173 , and glottic closure. Of 12 @entity1 treated by thyroplasty (5 studies), 2 experienced resolution of @entity7364 , 4 had some improvement, and 4 had no improvement (2 @entity1 had undocumented outcomes). Thyroplasty resolved or improved @entity1173 in 7 of 8 @entity1 . Conclusions and Relevance: Published studies suggest that reinnervation may be the most effective surgical intervention for @entity1 with @entity7364 ; however, long-term follow-up data are lacking. With the exception of @entity736 injections, injection laryngoplasty was reported to be a relatively safe, nonpermanent, and effective option for most @entity1 with @entity7364 . Thyroplasty appears to have fallen out favor in recent years because of difficulty in performing this procedure in @entity1 under local anesthesia, but it continues to be a viable option for @entity1 with @entity1173 .

title: Surgical Interventions for Pediatric Unilateral Vocal XXXX : A Systematic Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['cord paralysis']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity912 :: (MESH:D010243,Disease) :: ['Cord Paralysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: For acute @entity1576 caused by bacteria, colonization in the respiratory tracts is often the first sign, although nasopharynx is the major source of secretions containing pathogens. To understand the pathogenesis of @entity11127 , it is important to analyze the establishment of nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization. METHODS: @entity1 with nasopharyngeal swabs were examined at the age of 1, 2, 4, 6 and 12 months for the detection of pathogens, including @entity328 , @entity6932 , @entity6729 , @entity4195 and @entity794 . The methods used for detection were bacterial culture and multiplex polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: From January 2012 to August 2013, a total of 320 neonates were enrolled, and 120 of them completed the first 12-month study. @entity794 was the most common pathogen at all 5 time points while the rates declined; in contrast, the other 4 increased during the first year of life. Of our series, the multiplex polymerase chain reaction detection rates were higher than those of bacterial culture. More than 50% of @entity794 was @entity3256 -resistant, and the trend decreased in the same period. In the analysis of factors associated with the development of @entity1 wheeze, @entity1 with maternal atopy [odds ratio (OR): 3.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-8.88; P = 0.02] and pneumococcal colonization (OR: 15.64; 95% CI: 3.25-75.35; P = 0.001) had higher rates of wheeze. CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial interactions may result in differing pathogen prevalence in the first year of life. In addition, nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization may have an effect on the risk of @entity1 wheeze. The result could help clinicians to clarify the relation between bacterial colonization and respiratory illnesses in infancy.

title: Pathogenic Bacterial Nasopharyngeal Colonization and Its Impact on XXXX in the First Year of Life: The PATCH Birth Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infant', 'infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity11127 :: ('MESH:D012140', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract diseases']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity6932 :: ('MESH:D008583', 'Disease') :: ['Hemophilus influenzae']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity6729 :: ('480', 'Species') :: ['Moraxella catarrhalis']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['Respiratory Diseases']


abstract: Veno-arterial plasma concentration differences and regional organ plasma flows were used to quantify the relative amounts of @entity1130 ( @entity5581 ) contributed by various sites into the peripheral circulation. Positive venoarterial concentration gradients were found in the hepatosplanchnic, forearm, cardiac and jugular vessels in the healthy subjects. The renal circulation was determined to be the principal site of @entity5581 clearance, extracting 18 +/- 2 nmol/min. The gut was the greatest contributor to the total @entity5581 plasma pool with the relative contributions of the various organs being as follows: hepatosplanchnic organs 58%, skeletal muscle 26%, brain 6% and the heart 3%. The source of @entity5581 stemming from these regional beds remains unknown, it may derive from @entity750 taken up by and deaminated in ubiquitous endothelial cells, enterochromaffin cells of the gut, peripheral serotonergic nerves, @entity750 turnover in platelets or perhaps the metabolism of @entity750 taken up by sympathetic nerves. To test the latter hypothesis we examined 23 @entity1 with chronic @entity712 and 9 @entity1 with @entity4728 to investigate the possible effects of sympathetic nervous system overactivity and underactivity on peripheral @entity5581 production and plasma @entity5581 concentration. The resting arterial plasma @entity5581 concentration in the @entity712 @entity1 was increased three-fold. This elevated plasma @entity5581 concentration was attributable to an increased rate of whole body @entity5581 production. The arterial @entity5581 plasma concentration in the @entity11460 @entity1 was paradoxically elevated, being 70% greater than that of the healthy subjects. The increased @entity5581 plasma concentration in these @entity1 was accounted for by a reduction in @entity5581 plasma clearance. In all subjects studied there was a weak relationship only between total body @entity1063 spillover to plasma and the arterial @entity5581 plasma concentration. We found that in healthy subjects the overflow of @entity5581 into the hepatic vein was significantly related to the underlying degree of sympathetic activity. It can be concluded that @entity5581 is produced at a number of sites throughout the body with the arterial plasma concentration being dependent on both the level of production and plasma clearance. By far the majority of @entity5581 in plasma is derived from the gut with only minimal contribution from the brain.

title: Regional XXXX production in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity4728 :: ('MESH:D054970', 'Disease') :: ['pure autonomic failure']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity1130 :: ('CHEBI:27823', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity11460 :: ('MESH:D012791', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic failure']

answer: @entity1130 :: (CHEBI:27823,Chemical) :: ['5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid']


abstract: Veno-arterial plasma concentration differences and regional organ plasma flows were used to quantify the relative amounts of @entity1130 ( @entity5581 ) contributed by various sites into the peripheral circulation. Positive venoarterial concentration gradients were found in the hepatosplanchnic, forearm, cardiac and jugular vessels in the healthy subjects. The renal circulation was determined to be the principal site of @entity5581 clearance, extracting 18 +/- 2 nmol/min. The gut was the greatest contributor to the total @entity5581 plasma pool with the relative contributions of the various organs being as follows: hepatosplanchnic organs 58%, skeletal muscle 26%, brain 6% and the heart 3%. The source of @entity5581 stemming from these regional beds remains unknown, it may derive from @entity750 taken up by and deaminated in ubiquitous endothelial cells, enterochromaffin cells of the gut, peripheral serotonergic nerves, @entity750 turnover in platelets or perhaps the metabolism of @entity750 taken up by sympathetic nerves. To test the latter hypothesis we examined 23 @entity1 with chronic @entity712 and 9 @entity1 with @entity4728 to investigate the possible effects of sympathetic nervous system overactivity and underactivity on peripheral @entity5581 production and plasma @entity5581 concentration. The resting arterial plasma @entity5581 concentration in the @entity712 @entity1 was increased three-fold. This elevated plasma @entity5581 concentration was attributable to an increased rate of whole body @entity5581 production. The arterial @entity5581 plasma concentration in the @entity11460 @entity1 was paradoxically elevated, being 70% greater than that of the healthy subjects. The increased @entity5581 plasma concentration in these @entity1 was accounted for by a reduction in @entity5581 plasma clearance. In all subjects studied there was a weak relationship only between total body @entity1063 spillover to plasma and the arterial @entity5581 plasma concentration. We found that in healthy subjects the overflow of @entity5581 into the hepatic vein was significantly related to the underlying degree of sympathetic activity. It can be concluded that @entity5581 is produced at a number of sites throughout the body with the arterial plasma concentration being dependent on both the level of production and plasma clearance. By far the majority of @entity5581 in plasma is derived from the gut with only minimal contribution from the brain.

title: Regional @entity1130 production in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: The duration of @entity1398 and @entity882 after high-dose chemotherapy has improved since the introduction of myeloid growth factors and peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC), yet there remains a subset of @entity1 who have delayed @entity1583 recovery. Currently, there ar no established, reliable parameters which may be used to guide stem cell harvests. We investigated the utility of measuring harvested @entity2280 positive cell populations by flow cytometry. From March 1990 to July 1993, 30 @entity1 with @entity0 underwent therapy with high-dose @entity786 and thiotepa and stem cell rescue. @entity1 received either @entity786 (CY) mobilized PBPC or CY/ @entity1261 mobilized PBPC. The number of harvested @entity2280 + cell and CFU-GM (colony forming units-granulocyte macrophage) were quantitated for each stem cell produce. There ar complete @entity2280 data for 21 @entity1 and complete CFU-GM data for 20 @entity1 . There was a significantly delayed neutrophil recovery in those @entity1 reinfused with < 0.75 x 10(6) @entity2280 + cells/kg body weight (median days 22) compared with @entity1 reinfused with > 0.75 x 10(6)/kg (median days 12, P = 0.0004); a similar trend was seen with platelet recovery (median 135 days vs 18 days, respectively, P = 0.002). With neutrophil recovery, there was no improvement in time to engraftment with a large number of reinfused @entity2280 + cells, but there was a trend towards shortened platelet recovery when the number of reinfused @entity2280 + cells exceeded 2.0 x 10(6)/kg (median 15 days) compared with @entity2280 + < 2.0 x 10(6)/kg (median 75 days, P = 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Quantitative XXXX analysis may be used to guide peripheral blood stem cell harvests.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic']

answer: @entity2280 :: (947,Gene) :: ['CD34']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We report the use of an ex vivo precision cut liver slice (PCLS) @entity19 model for studying @entity99 . In this system, liver tissue is unfixed, unfrozen, and alive for maintenance in culture and subsequent molecular analysis. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Using thick naive @entity19 liver tissue and sterile culture conditions, the addition of soluble egg antigen (SEA) derived from @entity2042 eggs, followed 4, 24 and 48hrs time points. Tissue was collected for transcriptional analysis and supernatants collected to quantitate liver enzymes, cytokines and chemokines. No significant hepatotoxicity was demonstrated by supernatant liver enzymes due to the presence of SEA. A proinflammatory response was observed both at the transcriptional level and at the protein level by cytokine and chemokine bead assay. Key genes observed elevated transcription in response to the addition of SEA included: @entity634 and @entity635 , @entity777 , all associated with @entity32 . The recruitment of antigen presenting cells was reflected in increases in transcription of @entity14636 , @entity22425 and @entity9827 . Indications of tissue remodeling were seen in elevated gene expression of various Matrix MetalloProteinases ( @entity18238 , 9, 10, 13) and delayed increases in @entity5779 . Collagen deposition was significantly reduced in the presence of SEA as shown in @entity8334 expression by qPCR after 24hrs culture. Cytokine and chemokine analysis of the culture supernatants confirmed the elevation of proteins including @entity777 , @entity12427 , @entity22425 and @entity14970 . CONCLUSIONS: This ex vivo model system for the synchronised delivery of parasite antigen to liver tissue provides an insight into the early phase of @entity99 , corresponding with the release of soluble proteins from dying schistosome eggs.

title: An Ex Vivo Model for Studying XXXX and the Effect of Released Protein from Dying Eggs.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity2042 :: ('6182', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma japonicum']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['Hepatic Schistosomiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity1760 ions act as endogenous vasodilators of the cerebral circulation and act pharmacologically as noncompetitive antagonists of the @entity1024 receptor by virtue of their role as endogenous voltage-sensitive blockers of the ion channel. The preclinical efficacy of @entity1760 has been demonstrated in standard models of @entity64 . METHODS: Sixty @entity1 were randomized to @entity2399 (8 mmol IV over 15 minutes and 65 mmol over 24 hours) or placebo within 12 hours of clinically diagnosed @entity2500 . Pulse, blood pressure, and serum @entity1760 levels were monitored. Primary outcome was @entity204 or significant functional impairment (Barthel Index score < 60) at 3 months. RESULTS: @entity1760 was well tolerated, with no significant adverse effects and no change in blood pressure or pulse rate. Laboratory and electrocardiographic variables did not differ significantly between placebo- and @entity1760 -treated groups. Serum @entity1760 rose from 0.76 mmol/L to 1.42 mmol/L over 24 hours and remained significantly higher than in the placebo group at 48 hours. Thirty percent of @entity1760 -treated and 40% of placebo-treated @entity1 were dead or disabled (Barthel Index score < 60) at 3 months (P = .42). There was a decrease in the number of early deaths in the @entity1760 -treated group (P = .066, log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2399 is well tolerated after @entity64 and has no deleterious hemodynamic effects at this dose. Further trials are required to determine efficacy.

title: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial of intravenous @entity2399 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2399 :: ('MESH:D008278', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulfate', 'Magnesium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery stroke']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium', 'Magnesium']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['acute stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity1760 ions act as endogenous vasodilators of the cerebral circulation and act pharmacologically as noncompetitive antagonists of the @entity1024 receptor by virtue of their role as endogenous voltage-sensitive blockers of the ion channel. The preclinical efficacy of @entity1760 has been demonstrated in standard models of @entity64 . METHODS: Sixty @entity1 were randomized to @entity2399 (8 mmol IV over 15 minutes and 65 mmol over 24 hours) or placebo within 12 hours of clinically diagnosed @entity2500 . Pulse, blood pressure, and serum @entity1760 levels were monitored. Primary outcome was @entity204 or significant functional impairment (Barthel Index score < 60) at 3 months. RESULTS: @entity1760 was well tolerated, with no significant adverse effects and no change in blood pressure or pulse rate. Laboratory and electrocardiographic variables did not differ significantly between placebo- and @entity1760 -treated groups. Serum @entity1760 rose from 0.76 mmol/L to 1.42 mmol/L over 24 hours and remained significantly higher than in the placebo group at 48 hours. Thirty percent of @entity1760 -treated and 40% of placebo-treated @entity1 were dead or disabled (Barthel Index score < 60) at 3 months (P = .42). There was a decrease in the number of early deaths in the @entity1760 -treated group (P = .066, log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2399 is well tolerated after @entity64 and has no deleterious hemodynamic effects at this dose. Further trials are required to determine efficacy.

title: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial of intravenous XXXX in @entity64 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity2399 :: (MESH:D008278,Chemical) :: ['magnesium sulfate']


abstract: AIM: To parse out the impact of advanced ageing and disuse on skeletal muscle function, we utilized both in  vivo and in  vitro techniques to comprehensively assess upper- and lower-limb muscle contractile properties in 8 young (YG; 25      6  years) and 8 oldest-old mobile (OM; 87      5  years) and 8 immobile ( @entity6926 ; 88      4  years) @entity1 . METHODS: In vivo, maximal @entity2472 (MVC), electrically evoked @entity910 ( @entity910 ), and physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) of the quadriceps and elbow flexors were assessed. Muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis and biceps brachii facilitated the in  vitro assessment of single fibre-specific tension (Po). RESULTS: In vivo, compared to the young, both the OM and @entity6926 exhibited a more pronounced loss of MVC in the lower limb [OM (-60%) and @entity6926 (-75%)] than the upper limb (OM  =  -51%; @entity6926  =  -47%). Taking into account the reduction in muscle PCSA (OM  =  -10%; @entity6926  =  -18%), only evident in the lower limb, by calculating voluntary muscle-specific force, the lower limb of the @entity6926 (-40%) was more compromised than the OM (-13%). However, in  vivo, @entity910 in both upper and lower limbs (approx. 9.8  N  m  cm(-2) ) and Po (approx. 123  mN  mm(-2) ), assessed in  vitro, implies preserved intrinsic contractile function in all muscles of the oldest-old and were well correlated (r  =  0.81). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that in the oldest-old, neither advanced ageing nor disuse, per se, impacts intrinsic skeletal muscle function, as assessed in  vitro. However, in  vivo, muscle function is attenuated by age and exacerbated by disuse, implicating factors other than skeletal muscle, such as neuromuscular control, in this diminution of function.

title: In vivo and in vitro evidence that intrinsic upper- and lower-limb skeletal muscle function is unaffected by ageing and disuse in oldest-old XXXX .

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['RT', 'resting twitch force']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary contraction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: PURPOSE: To characterize the sagittal alignment of each Lenke type and investigate the relationship between coronal and @entity85 in adolescent idiopathic scoliotic (AIS) @entity1 . METHODS: A cohort of 184 subjects with AIS was retrospectively recruited. Radiographic data were measured and collected, including the Lenke types, Cobb angles of structural curves, and sagittal spino-pelvic parameters. Subjects were grouped according to their genders, Lenke curve types, lumbar modifiers and the amount of coronal structural curves. The sagittal alignment was then compared between the different groups, and correlation analysis was also taken between coronal and sagittal parameters. Besides, each subject's Roussouly type was decided and its distribution was compared among different Lenke types. RESULTS: The cohort included 59 males and 125 females, averagely aged at 15.5      3.3  years old. Most sagittal parameters except @entity1513 ( @entity1513 ) and pelvic tilt (PT) were similar among different Lenke types, while all the sagittal parameters were similar between males and females. The groups with different lumbar modifiers had similar sagittal parameters except @entity1513 , which was also true for the groups with different amounts of coronal curves. 42.4  % of the cohort belonged to Roussouly type 3, and the distribution of Roussouly types was comparable among all Lenke types. All sagittal parameters except C7 translation ratio were significantly different among Roussouly types (P  <  0.05). Correlation analysis showed that main thoracic (MT) was negatively correlated with @entity1515 ( @entity1515 , r  =  -0.324), sacral slope (r  =  -0.321) and spino-sacral angle (r  =  -0.363). Partial correlation analysis found that thoracolumbar/lumbar was negatively correlated with @entity1513 (r  =  -0.464) and @entity1515 (r  =  -0.422) when MT was controlled. CONCLUSIONS: The influence of @entity85 on sagittal parameters was limited and mainly reflected in the deviation of @entity1513 . Most coronal and sagittal parameters were not significantly correlated, and the @entity85 types did not change the global sagittal postural patterns.

title: Analysis of the relationship between coronal and XXXX in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['TK', 'thoracic kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['coronal deformity', 'sagittal deformities']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar lordosis', 'LL']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['sagittal deformities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The initiation and timely completion of the @entity1082 ) vaccine in young @entity1 is critical. We compared the initiation and completion of the HPV vaccine among @entity1 in 2 community-based networks with electronic health records: 1 with a prompt and reminder system (prompted cohort) and 1 without (unprompted cohort). METHODS: Female @entity1 aged 9 to 26 years seen between @entity3490 , 2007, and January 25, 2010, were used as the retrospective cohort. @entity1 demographics and vaccination dates were extracted from the electronic health records. RESULTS: @entity1 eligible for the vaccine included 6019 from the prompted cohort and 9096 from the unprompted cohort. Mean age at initiation was 17.3 years in the prompted cohort and 18.1 years in the unprompted cohort. Significantly more (P < .001) @entity1 initiated the vaccine in the prompted cohort (34.9%) compared with the unprompted cohort (21.5%). African Americans aged 9 to 18 years with >= 3 visits during the observation period were significantly more likely to initiate in the prompted cohort (P < .001). The prompted cohort was significantly more likely (P < .001) to complete the vaccine series in a timely manner compared with the unprompted cohort. CONCLUSION: More @entity1 aged 9 to 26 years initiated and achieved timely completion of the HPV vaccine series in clinics using an electronic health record system with prompts compared with clinics without prompts.

title: Impact of an Electronic Health Record (EHR) Reminder on XXXX ) Vaccine Initiation and Timely Completion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['Human Papillomavirus (HPV']


abstract: PURPOSE: We studied ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryoablation for treatment of @entity263 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our series includes 83 individuals who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal percutaneous cryoablation of the prostate. @entity1486 levels, biopsy results and complications were assessed at 3 months. RESULTS: Of 61 biopsies 8 (13.1%) were positive for @entity189 (half showed stage D disease). Of @entity1 with stages T1 to T3 @entity5 92.6% were free of disease at 3 months. @entity1486 levels were significantly decreased by an average of 1.90 ng./ml. (p < 0.05). Major complications were infrequent, including @entity1494 in 1 @entity1 , urethral strictures in 3, @entity1876 and partial @entity322 in 2. @entity323 was frequent but transient. CONCLUSIONS: Transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal percutaneous cryoablation of the prostate produces few major complications and appears at 3 months to be effective in eradicating @entity263 . Longer followup is required to test the original hypothesis.

title: Transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal cryoablation in the treatment of XXXX : preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['Impotence']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['local prostate tumors', 'prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder perforation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1876 :: ('MESH:D001748', 'Disease') :: ['bladder outlet obstruction in 2']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['Prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate carcinoma']


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the correlation between prevalence and degree of @entity729 ( @entity729 ) and extracoronary calcifications (ECCs), scored quantitatively according to Agatston and semiquantitatively by visual analysis, in chest computed tomography (CT) studies obtained for @entity2 screening in asymptomatic subjects and in @entity1 with known @entity301 ( @entity301 ), and to compare the association of ECC and @entity729 to established cardiovascular risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective study on 501 males (67      8  years) with a history of working dust exposure who underwent nongated low-dose chest CT for @entity2 screening. Of these, 63 (12.6%) had a history of @entity301 , the remaining 438 subjects (87.4%) were clinically asymptomatic and without a history of @entity301 . On the day of the CT study, subjects underwent a thorough clinical examination including blood tests and completed a standardized questionnaire to establish a complete medical history. ECC and @entity729 scores were quantified according to Agatston and, in addition, by visual rating of @entity460 load of individual vessel territories on a five-point scale from "absent" to "extensive." Results were correlated with the respective subjects' cardiovascular risk factors and with the presence or absence of @entity301 . RESULTS: ECC scores correlated significantly with @entity729 scores (two-sided Spearman 0.515; P  <  .001). ECC scores were associated significantly (P  <  .001) with cardiovascular risk factors (smoking history, @entity101 , @entity6 , and @entity1007 ) and with subjects' Framingham/prospective cardiovascular m  nster study scores, whereas @entity729 scores were associated only with the presence of @entity1007 . @entity729 scores were strongly associated with @entity301 than ECC scores (area under the curve, 0.88 vs. 0.66 at receiver operating characteristic analysis). Visual scoring of ECC/ @entity729 load correlated closely with the respective Agatston values (P  <  .001) and revealed the same association (or lack thereof) with cardiovascular risk factors/ @entity301 . CONCLUSIONS: In nongated low-dose CT for @entity2 screening, @entity729 and ECC load can be accurately established by visual analysis. ECC and @entity729 scores correlate closely, but not perfectly. There is a strong association between established cardiovascular risk factors and ECC load, but not @entity729 load, providing further evidence that ECC scoring may complement @entity729 scoring for broader risk assessment, for example, regarding prediction of extracoronary vascular events.

title: Extracoronary Thoracic and Coronary Artery Calcifications on Chest CT for XXXX Screening: Association with Established Cardiovascular Risk Factors - The "CT-Risk" Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity729 :: ('MESH:D061205', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery calcification', 'CAC']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung Cancer']


abstract: The @entity1260 / @entity3003 / @entity2879 (ICE) combination represents an active chemotherapy regimen across a wide variety of disease types. The most common limiting @entity137 for all three of these agents individually and in combination is myelosuppression. Thus, this regimen represents an ideal model to evaluate the role of @entity2772 support in amelioration of hematologic @entity137 , maintenance of dose intensity, and dose escalation. While chemotherapy strategies using colony-stimulating factors have abrogated @entity1398 , cumulative @entity882 is common with many chemotherapy regimens, including ICE chemotherapy. In preclinical and phase II trials, monotherapy with recombinant @entity1 @entity650 ( @entity650 ) has demonstrated substantial thrombopoietic activity, but with little enhancement of neutrophil recovery. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate combination cytokine therapy with both recombinant @entity650 and @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) after ICE chemotherapy. Previously untreated @entity1 with inoperable @entity1149 are eligible. Treatment includes two monthly cycles of @entity1260 2,000 mg/m2 with mesna 1,600 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1, 2, and 3, @entity3003 350 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 only, and @entity2879 75 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1, 2, and 3. All @entity1 then receive @entity1261 at a dose of 5 micrograms/kg/d subcutaneously beginning on day 4 until a postnadir absolute neutrophil count of more than 10 x 10(9)/L. Cohorts of @entity1 (n = 15) are randomized to receive 0, 1, 2.5, or 5 micrograms/kg/d of @entity650 subcutaneously on days 4 to 13 in successive cohorts. This study has now reached its target accrual in all cohorts. The final data analysis is in progress. It is hoped that this trial will define the safety and tolerability of the simultaneous administration of @entity650 and @entity1261 following ICE chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity1149 . In addition, this trial should determine the biologic activity and hematopoietic recovery observed during the simultaneous administration of these two cytokines in this setting.

title: The role of hematopoietic growth factors in support of @entity1260 / XXXX / @entity2879 chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity2772 :: ('3562', 'Gene') :: ['hematopoietic growth factor']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: The @entity1260 / @entity3003 / @entity2879 (ICE) combination represents an active chemotherapy regimen across a wide variety of disease types. The most common limiting @entity137 for all three of these agents individually and in combination is myelosuppression. Thus, this regimen represents an ideal model to evaluate the role of @entity2772 support in amelioration of hematologic @entity137 , maintenance of dose intensity, and dose escalation. While chemotherapy strategies using colony-stimulating factors have abrogated @entity1398 , cumulative @entity882 is common with many chemotherapy regimens, including ICE chemotherapy. In preclinical and phase II trials, monotherapy with recombinant @entity1 @entity650 ( @entity650 ) has demonstrated substantial thrombopoietic activity, but with little enhancement of neutrophil recovery. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate combination cytokine therapy with both recombinant @entity650 and @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) after ICE chemotherapy. Previously untreated @entity1 with inoperable @entity1149 are eligible. Treatment includes two monthly cycles of @entity1260 2,000 mg/m2 with mesna 1,600 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1, 2, and 3, @entity3003 350 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 only, and @entity2879 75 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1, 2, and 3. All @entity1 then receive @entity1261 at a dose of 5 micrograms/kg/d subcutaneously beginning on day 4 until a postnadir absolute neutrophil count of more than 10 x 10(9)/L. Cohorts of @entity1 (n = 15) are randomized to receive 0, 1, 2.5, or 5 micrograms/kg/d of @entity650 subcutaneously on days 4 to 13 in successive cohorts. This study has now reached its target accrual in all cohorts. The final data analysis is in progress. It is hoped that this trial will define the safety and tolerability of the simultaneous administration of @entity650 and @entity1261 following ICE chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity1149 . In addition, this trial should determine the biologic activity and hematopoietic recovery observed during the simultaneous administration of these two cytokines in this setting.

title: The role of hematopoietic growth factors in support of XXXX / @entity3003 / @entity2879 chemotherapy.

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['ifosfamide']