abstract: INTRODUCTION: In the initial phases after @entity1230 there is an hyperinflammatory state that sometimes leads to @entity881 ( @entity881 ) and @entity204 , and that appears to be responsible for posttraumatic immunosuppression; among the trigger endogenous stimuli, @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ) have been proposed. The objectives of this study were to analyze if some inflammatory mediators can be considered prognostic biomarkers of outcome, and the possible role of @entity1878 in posttraumatic immunosuppression. HYPOTHESIS: Cytokines and @entity1457 could be early prognostic biomarkers of inflammatory and immune response in @entity1230 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational descriptive pilot study was carried out, evaluating the early inflammatory and stress response of 18 polytraumatized @entity1 (ISS>16) on hospital admission, at 12hours, 24hours, and 48hours posttrauma. Variable means were compared using non-parametric tests; qualitative and quantitative variables were analyzed using a Spearman's correlation test. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 met criteria for @entity881 . Statistically significant changes were recorded in leukocyte count, @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity650 , @entity310 , and @entity1192   concentrations. @entity1878 levels were significantly higher immediately after the accident followed by gradual lowering. Anti- @entity2285 antibodies showed a significant reduction in all the studied time-points. @entity881 did not influence either plasma levels of leukocytes, @entity2002 , RCP or anti- @entity2285 , but @entity1 with @entity881 had higher plasma levels of @entity650 and @entity310 and a slower decrease of @entity1878 concentrations. DISCUSSION: The higher serum concentrations of @entity310 and @entity650 found in @entity1 with @entity881 , suggests a possible role as potential early predictive markers for systemic inflammatory response and clinical complications. The higher levels of @entity1878 in @entity1 with @entity881 , allows proposing @entity1878 as a useful prognostic trauma biomarker early after severe injury and to consider a "damage control surgery". The significant reduction in the levels of anti- @entity2285 antibodies could reflect a part of posttraumatic immunosuppression and @entity701 treatment might be suggested. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III: case-control study.

title: Early inflammatory response in polytraumatized @entity1 : Cytokines and XXXX . A pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['HSPs', 'heat shock proteins']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['polytrauma']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ dysfunction syndrome', 'MODS']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive-protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1457 :: (MESH:D012769,Disease) :: ['heat shock proteins']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In the initial phases after @entity1230 there is an hyperinflammatory state that sometimes leads to @entity881 ( @entity881 ) and @entity204 , and that appears to be responsible for posttraumatic immunosuppression; among the trigger endogenous stimuli, @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ) have been proposed. The objectives of this study were to analyze if some inflammatory mediators can be considered prognostic biomarkers of outcome, and the possible role of @entity1878 in posttraumatic immunosuppression. HYPOTHESIS: Cytokines and @entity1457 could be early prognostic biomarkers of inflammatory and immune response in @entity1230 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational descriptive pilot study was carried out, evaluating the early inflammatory and stress response of 18 polytraumatized @entity1 (ISS>16) on hospital admission, at 12hours, 24hours, and 48hours posttrauma. Variable means were compared using non-parametric tests; qualitative and quantitative variables were analyzed using a Spearman's correlation test. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 met criteria for @entity881 . Statistically significant changes were recorded in leukocyte count, @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity650 , @entity310 , and @entity1192   concentrations. @entity1878 levels were significantly higher immediately after the accident followed by gradual lowering. Anti- @entity2285 antibodies showed a significant reduction in all the studied time-points. @entity881 did not influence either plasma levels of leukocytes, @entity2002 , RCP or anti- @entity2285 , but @entity1 with @entity881 had higher plasma levels of @entity650 and @entity310 and a slower decrease of @entity1878 concentrations. DISCUSSION: The higher serum concentrations of @entity310 and @entity650 found in @entity1 with @entity881 , suggests a possible role as potential early predictive markers for systemic inflammatory response and clinical complications. The higher levels of @entity1878 in @entity1 with @entity881 , allows proposing @entity1878 as a useful prognostic trauma biomarker early after severe injury and to consider a "damage control surgery". The significant reduction in the levels of anti- @entity2285 antibodies could reflect a part of posttraumatic immunosuppression and @entity701 treatment might be suggested. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III: case-control study.

title: Early inflammatory response in polytraumatized XXXX : Cytokines and @entity1457 . A pilot study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Due to the power of genetics, the @entity19 has become a widely used animal model in vision research. However, its eyeball has an axial length of only about 2 mm. The present protocol describes how to easily dissect the small rodent eye post mortem. This allows collecting different tissues of the eye, i.e., @entity267 , lens, iris, retina, optic nerve, @entity989 ( @entity989 ), and sclera. We further describe in detail how to process these eye samples in order to obtain high-quality RNA for RNA expression profiling studies. Depending on the eye tissue to be analyzed, we present appropriate lysis buffers to prepare total protein lysates for immunoblot and immuno-precipitation analyses. Fixation, inclusion, embedding, and cryosectioning of the globe for routine histological analyses (HE staining, DAPI staining, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization) is further presented. These basic protocols should allow novice investigators to obtain eye tissue samples rapidly for their experiments. Curr. Protoc. @entity19 Biol. 1:445-462    2011 by John Wiley _ Sons, Inc.

title: Exploration of the Visual System: Part 1: Dissection of the XXXX Eye for RNA, Protein, and Histological Analyses.

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal pigment epithelium', 'RPE']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many developments in medicine are likely to have influenced the treatment of @entity1820 , including rates of resection. This study sought to investigate changes in surgical resection rates over time among @entity1 with @entity1820 . METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed between 1995 and 2012 in the Eindhoven Cancer Registry area were included. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influence of interval of diagnosis on the likelihood of having a resection. RESULTS: Among 43   370 @entity1 , crude resection rates decreased between 1995 and 2012 for @entity356 , most notably for @entity1 aged at least 85 years with @entity356 (from 37  3 to 13  3 per cent), and @entity1 aged 75-84 years and 85 years or more with @entity5 (from 80  5 to 64  4 per cent, and from 58  9 to 36  0 per cent respectively). After adjustment for @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics, @entity1 diagnosed between 2008 and 2012 with gastric (odds ratio (OR) 0  71, 95 per cent c.i. 0  55 to 0  92), colonic (OR 0  52, 0  44 to 0  62), rectal (OR 0  39, 0  33 to 0  48) and periampullary (OR 0  42, 0  27 to 0  66) @entity5 were less likely to undergo resection than those diagnosed between 1995 and 1998. @entity1 diagnosed with @entity788 were more likely to undergo resection in recent periods (OR 4  13, 2  57 to 6  64). CONCLUSION: Resection rates have fallen over time for several @entity1820 . This might reflect increased availability of other treatments, better selection of @entity1 as a result of improved diagnostic accuracy, risk-avoiding behaviour and transparency related to surgical outcomes at hospital and surgeon level.

title: Changes in XXXX resection rates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'rectal cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancers', 'gastrointestinal cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric, colonic and rectal cancer']

answer: @entity1820 :: (MESH:D005770,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the diagnostic value of the open biopsy technique and the percutaneous biopsy techniques in @entity1512 . METHODS: Between January 2004 and December 2009, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 57 @entity1 with @entity1512 . The etiologic diagnosis of the @entity1512 was obtained by two methods. Of 57 cases, twenty-seven @entity1 underwent open biopsy and thirty @entity1 underwent percutaneous needle biopsy including computed tomography (CT) - guided and fluoroscopy-guided needle aspiration. All biopsies were performed by experienced two neurosurgeons and one interventional radiologist. RESULTS: Of the 57 cases radiologically consistent with spinal infection, 29 (50.9%) biopsy specimens resulted in positive cultures and 28 (49.1%) returned negative cultures. According to the type of biopsy techniques, the culture-positive rate was higher (p=0.005) in the open biopsy group than the percutaneous needle biopsy group. 19 (70.4%) of 27 biopsy specimens were positive in the open biopsy group, and 10 (33.3%) of 30 biopsy specimens were positive in the percutaneous needle biopsy group. Furthermore, the open biopsy showed higher positive culture rate than the percutaneous needle biopsy in cases with administration of empirical antibiotics although there was no statistically significant (p=0.137). CONCLUSIONS: Open biopsy should be considered for administration of organism-specific antibiotics for the successful treatment when percutaneous needle yield negative result. Furthermore, empirical antibiotics should be delayed until results of cultures unless the @entity1 is severely septic, critically ill, @entity1398 or neurologically compromised.

title: Diagnostic Value of Biopsy Techniques in Lumbar XXXX : Percutaneous Needle Biopsy and Open Biopsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic']

entities_list: @entity1512 :: ('MESH:D015299', 'Disease') :: ['infectious spondylodiscitis', 'infectious lumbar spondylodiscitis', 'lumbar spondylodiscitis']

answer: @entity1512 :: (MESH:D015299,Disease) :: ['Spondylodiscitis']


abstract: New nephron anlages appear in the renal cortex up to the 4th @entity227 ( @entity227 ). The last anlages to be formed develop into functional nephrons by @entity227 10, and the cortex appears mature at @entity227 12 after formation of the cortex corticis. The renal medulla develops by the longitudinal growth of loops of Henle and collecting ducts. The immature medulla cannot be divided into different zones and corresponds structurally to the later inner stripe of the outer zone. The inner zone is formed by @entity227 8, and the outer stripe of the outer zone by @entity227 12. The renal medulla is mature at @entity227 21. From the start of its development, the renal proximal tubule consists of the pars convoluta and pars recta. In both parts the formation of the brush border is accompanied by the simultaneous appearance of brush border enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, dipeptidylaminopeptidase IV) and lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase, acid beta-galactosidase, @entity69167 ) over the full length of the proximal tubule. During the course of proximal tubule maturation, however, the lysosomal enzyme activities decline in the pass convoluta (with constant brush border enzyme activities), while the brush border enzyme activities increase in the pars recta (with constant lysosomal enzyme activities). The two parts further differ in that they exhibit different lysosomal patterns from the outset, the pars convoluta containing numerous large, highly enzyme-active lysosomes arranged in groups, and the pars recta containing only a few very small lysosomes with low enzyme activity. Thus, even in the newborn @entity35 , the lysosomal pattern of the pars recta already corresponds to that of the mature S3 segment. The S1 and S2 segments of the pars convoluta first differentiate between @entity227 10 and 21, as the groups of large lysosomes are progressively broken up and the extent of the lysosomal apparatus is diminished, this proceeding in a retrograde direction from the end of the immature pars convoluta.

title: The postnatal development of the XXXX kidney, with special reference to the chemodifferentiation of the proximal tubule.

entities_list: @entity69167 :: ('83799(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['N-acetylglucosaminidase, dipeptidylaminopeptidase II']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'postnatal day']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIMS: To determine the prevalency of risk factors for @entity2412 in @entity6 @entity1 free of active @entity1066 in a hospital setting and to investigate the knowledge of foot care of the @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on a cohort of 296 @entity1 with @entity6 hospitalized in a tertiary hospital. A convenience sampling was adopted to recruit subjects during 2012/2013. All completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire and underwent medical assessment including foot examination and assessment of presence of @entity1897 ( @entity1897 ) and @entity3657 (PVD). The @entity1 were assigned to a foot risk category which was developed by the International Working Group on the @entity6 (IWGDF). RESULTS: 296 inpatients were evaluated. @entity5109 was noticed in 124 @entity1 (42%), @entity4553 was the most prevalent abnormality, found in 65% of @entity1 . Prevalency of @entity101 , @entity8 and @entity989 were 66.2%, 57.1%, 48.3% and 44.9% respectively. 37 (12.5%) @entity1 had a history of @entity1066 (n = 33) and/or toe amputation (n = 4). According to the classification system of the IWGDF, 35.1% of @entity1 were considered as having low-risk by the modified IWGDF classification (group 0), and 49% of the study population were at high risk for pedal @entity1066 (group 2 and 3). There was a clear trend between the increasing severity of the staging and HbA1c, duration of @entity6 , prevalence of @entity101 , @entity8 and @entity989 and absent of physical activity. The mean knowledge score of foot care was 21.21  3.84. CONCLUSION: The risk factors for foot @entity1066 and lack of fool care knowledge was rather common in a hospital-based @entity6 population, emphasizing the importance of implementing simple and affordable screening tools and methods to identify high-risk @entity1 and providing foot care education for them.

title: Prevalence of risk factors for XXXX in a Chinese tertiary hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity5109 :: ('MESH:D005530', 'Disease') :: ['Foot deformity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy hypertension', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'Diabetic Foot']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral sensory neuropathy', 'PSN']

entities_list: @entity4553 :: ('MESH:D006215', 'Disease') :: ['hallux valgus']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot complications']

answer: @entity2412 :: (MESH:D048909,Disease) :: ['diabetic foot complications']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate platelet function in @entity1 with a history of surgical treatment for @entity99 ( @entity66 ). METHODS: This retrospective case-controlled study was performed in a state hospital in @entity233 from January 2009 to November 2013. The @entity1 were divided into two groups: those evaluated in the preoperative period (Group 1) and those evaluated in the postoperative period (Group 2). The @entity1 groups were compared with a control group (Group 3). All three groups were evaluated using laboratory records from day 1 of the preoperative period and day 30 of the postoperative period. The haematocrit level (HTC), platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ), platelet distribution width (PDW), and percentage of @entity1712 ( @entity1712 ) were compared among the groups. RESULTS: Fifty-three @entity1 who had undergone surgical treatment of hepatic @entity66 and 55 healthy controls were included in the study. The mean follow-up time for all @entity1 was 45 (14-70) months. The @entity1 comprised 33 (62%) females and 20 (38%) males. The control group comprised 37 (67%) females and 18 (33%) males. The median age of the @entity1 was 48 (19-78) years, while that of the control group was 42 (16-64) years. No significant differences in the HTC, PLT, or @entity1712 were present among the groups. The @entity6688 and PDW indicated that platelet function was significantly different between Group 1 and Groups 2 and 3. Additionally, nine @entity1 had undergone previous surgical treatment for @entity66 . In a separate long-term follow-up, these @entity1 exhibited no statistically significant differences in @entity6688 or PDW between the preoperative and postoperative periods. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6688 and PDW can be used in the initial follow-up of @entity1 with hepatic @entity66 , but have limited use in long-term follow-up.

title: Platelet function parameters in management of XXXX : a case-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['EOS', 'eosinophils']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic hydatid disease']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic hydatid disease']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the value of conventional MRI techniques combined with MR sialography on T2-3D-DRIVE in the diagnosis of @entity751 ( @entity751 ). METHODS: 107 @entity1 were divided into @entity751 group and non- @entity751 group. Conventional MRI techniques, such as T1WI, T2WI, and STIR images were used for changes of fat signal in the parotid gland, while the MR sialography were used for ducts dilation of the parotid gland. RESULTS: Among 93 @entity751 @entity1 , MRI identified abnormal fat deposit in the parotid glands in 86 @entity1 . The fat signal based on MRI images showed 7 @entity1 were in stage 0, 28 in stage 1, 14 in stage 2, 32 in stage 3 and 12 in stage 4. T2-3D-DRIVEMR MR sialography identified peripheral ducts dilation in 86 @entity1 . The duct dilation based on MR sialography showed 7 @entity1 in stage 0, 14 @entity1 in stage 1, 44 @entity1 in stage 2, 26 @entity1 in stage 3, and 2 @entity1 in stage 4. On MRI and MR sialography, both had a positive diagnostic rate of 92.5%. When MRI and MR sialography techniques were used together, the positive diagnostic rate increased to 96.8%. However, Kappa test showed that the MRI fat signal staging and MR sialogrpahy duct dilation staging had statistical difference (Kappa = 0.241, P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: T2-3D-DRIVE MR sialography detects peripheral ducts dilation in parotid glands with unmatched spatial resolution, also MRI fat suppression techniques detect diffusive fat deposit in parotid glands with high accuracy. Combining two techniques will provide optimal diagnosis workup for @entity751 .

title: Conventional MRI techniques combined with MR sialography on T2-3D-DRIVE in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['Sj  gren syndrome', 'SS']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['Sj  gren syndrome']


abstract: With the rapid changes in lifestyle of China, the prevalence of @entity6 and @entity5710 is increasing. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of @entity5710 and study the disease awareness of @entity5710 in a Southern China community. Furthermore, it also aimed to investigate the intervention status of lifestyle changes for @entity6 prevention. 881 adults without @entity6 were recruited from the Suzhou community of China in 2012-2013. Self-report questionnaires including demographics, Disease Awareness Scale, Willingness on Lifestyle Changes for Prediabetes Cure Scale were collected. The results showed that 16.8% were in @entity5710 , and 38.5% of them knew they had it. Young age, non-smoking, high education level, low BMI, and receiving provider advice were found with less possibility to have @entity5710 in Chinese adults. Less than a third of those reported with the knowledge of that @entity6 is a risk factor of developing @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity65 . Less a half of the population with @entity5710 may take steps in lifestyle changes for @entity6 prevention. It is necessary to call for action on the improvement of disease awareness and promotion of healthy behaviors to prevent the prevalence of @entity5710 and @entity6 in Chinese adults.

title: Awareness and intervention status of XXXX among Chinese adults: implications from a community-based investigation.

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['pre-diabetes', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus', 'T2DM', 'Type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes']

answer: @entity5710 :: (MESH:D011236,Disease) :: ['prediabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is evidence showing that the @entity1375 state results in increased serum @entity1011 levels. However, whether this is only due to the peripheral thyroid hormones or if thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is also involved is not known. METHODS: Serum @entity1011 levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were assessed in thyroidectomized @entity1 with varying thyroid hormones and TSH levels. Blood samples from Group 1 (21 @entity1 ) were obtained 1 month after complete thyroidectomy, while under a @entity1375 state (t1) and a sufficient time after @entity8789 initiation (euthyroid state, t2). Group 2 (20 euthyroid @entity1 ) were sampled after recombinant @entity1 thyrotropin injections (rhTSH, t1) and later after rhTSH extinction (t2). RESULTS: In Group 1, serum @entity1011 levels decreased after correction of @entity1375 (85.3    4.3 versus 78.0    3.9   mol/L; P = 0.04). In Group 2, serum @entity1011 levels increased after rhTSH withdrawal (70.6    5.7   mol/L versus 76.5    5.8   mol/L; P = 0.007). Between t1 and t2, eGFR varied accordingly [Group 1, 71.7    3.5 versus 81.2    4.5 mL/min/1.73 m   (P = 0.02); Group 2, 97.7    7.4 versus 87.5    5.9 (P = 0.007)]. The changes in TSH and eGFR following supplementation with @entity1955 were significantly correlated (r = -0.6, P = 0.0041). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1375 significantly increases serum @entity1011 and reversibly impairs eGFR, while treatment with rhTSH enhances renal function in euthyroid @entity1 , supporting the existence of an influence of TSH level on renal function. The mechanisms by which peripheral thyroid hormones and TSH influence GFR need to be identified in physiology-orientated studies.

title: Exogenous thyrotropin improves renal function in euthyroid patients, while serum XXXX levels are increased in @entity1375 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['Iatrogenic hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity8789 :: ('MESH:D013963', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroid hormones']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1011 :: (MESH:D003404,Chemical) :: ['creatinine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is evidence showing that the @entity1375 state results in increased serum @entity1011 levels. However, whether this is only due to the peripheral thyroid hormones or if thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is also involved is not known. METHODS: Serum @entity1011 levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were assessed in thyroidectomized @entity1 with varying thyroid hormones and TSH levels. Blood samples from Group 1 (21 @entity1 ) were obtained 1 month after complete thyroidectomy, while under a @entity1375 state (t1) and a sufficient time after @entity8789 initiation (euthyroid state, t2). Group 2 (20 euthyroid @entity1 ) were sampled after recombinant @entity1 thyrotropin injections (rhTSH, t1) and later after rhTSH extinction (t2). RESULTS: In Group 1, serum @entity1011 levels decreased after correction of @entity1375 (85.3    4.3 versus 78.0    3.9   mol/L; P = 0.04). In Group 2, serum @entity1011 levels increased after rhTSH withdrawal (70.6    5.7   mol/L versus 76.5    5.8   mol/L; P = 0.007). Between t1 and t2, eGFR varied accordingly [Group 1, 71.7    3.5 versus 81.2    4.5 mL/min/1.73 m   (P = 0.02); Group 2, 97.7    7.4 versus 87.5    5.9 (P = 0.007)]. The changes in TSH and eGFR following supplementation with @entity1955 were significantly correlated (r = -0.6, P = 0.0041). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1375 significantly increases serum @entity1011 and reversibly impairs eGFR, while treatment with rhTSH enhances renal function in euthyroid @entity1 , supporting the existence of an influence of TSH level on renal function. The mechanisms by which peripheral thyroid hormones and TSH influence GFR need to be identified in physiology-orientated studies.

title: Exogenous thyrotropin improves renal function in euthyroid patients, while serum @entity1011 levels are increased in XXXX .

answer: @entity1375 :: (MESH:D007037,Disease) :: ['hypothyroidism']


abstract: In recent years several different tests of cations in @entity1 cells have been studied to detect and to define possible roles in the development of essential @entity101 . The goal of this report is to summarize what has been learned in genetic and epidemiological studies of @entity1 populations. The seven tests reviewed in greatest detail include @entity1372 - @entity1091 countertransport, intraerythrocytic @entity1372 , @entity1372 (or @entity1091 )- @entity972 cotransport, @entity1091 leak, @entity1372 - @entity972 ATPase pump, @entity1372 pump sites (ouabain binding), and circulating @entity1372 pump inhibitor ('digoxin-like factor' in some studies). Countertransport, intraerythrocytic @entity1372 and cotransport consistently show different values in @entity101 compared to normotensives and even in normotensives with a positive family history of @entity101 when compared to controls without a positive family history. Thorough genetic studies have been carried out only for @entity1372 - @entity1091 countertransport and intraerythrocytic @entity1372 . Both of these tests are highly heritable with a combination of both polygenic and major gene effects. Cotransport, leak, and pump sites also seem to be quite significantly heritable whereas the ATPase pump activity and the circulating pump inhibitor seem to be largely determined by nongenetic factors. Some of the most dramatic changes in these tests have been observed during pregnancy. Significant increases are seen in countertransport, cotransport, ouabain binding sites, and digoxin-like factor. Oral contraceptives also seem to affect at least cotransport. Plasma @entity412 level and body weight are some of the strongest correlates of countertransport, cotransport, and @entity1091 leak. Cotransport increases with higher dietary @entity1372 intake and decreases with the use of the diuretic medication. In the current developmental stage these tests have several significant limitations. In most population studies there is a considerable overlap of test values between @entity1 with high and normal blood pressure. There are substantial variations in the methods used by different laboratories for the same tests. They are expensive, complex and usually must be done on fresh cells. There are conflicts between the results of several different reported studies that could be due to the way in which their subjects were selected, the effects of medications or other uncontrolled variables, or even due to the differences in laboratory methodologies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Genetic and epidemiological studies on electrolyte transport systems in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: @entity5 constitute a number of diverse neoplastic lesions located within 2   cm of the major @entity9317 ; among these, metastatic lesions account for only a small proportion of the periampullary @entity5 . To our knowledge, a metastatic @entity5 from @entity157 has never been reported. A 62-year-old male reported to our institute for fatigue and low hemoglobin. His medical history was remarkable for multifocal @entity157 ( @entity157 ) treated with selective transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed which revealed a periampullary mass. Histopathology was consistent with metastatic moderately differentiated @entity157 . Two endoloops were deployed around the base of the mass one month apart. The mass eventually sloughed off and @entity1 's hemoglobin level stabilized. We postulated that periampullary @entity3 in this @entity1 was the result of @entity5 fragments migration through the biliary tracts and that TACE which increases @entity5 fragments burden might have played a contributory role. @entity3 of @entity157 to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract should be considered as a cause of @entity360 .

title: Metastatic Periampullary Tumor from @entity157 Presenting as XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'periampullary tumor', 'Periampullary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['GI bleeding']

entities_list: @entity9317 :: ('MESH:D004382', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal papilla']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['Gastrointestinal Bleeding']


abstract: @entity5 constitute a number of diverse neoplastic lesions located within 2   cm of the major @entity9317 ; among these, metastatic lesions account for only a small proportion of the periampullary @entity5 . To our knowledge, a metastatic @entity5 from @entity157 has never been reported. A 62-year-old male reported to our institute for fatigue and low hemoglobin. His medical history was remarkable for multifocal @entity157 ( @entity157 ) treated with selective transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed which revealed a periampullary mass. Histopathology was consistent with metastatic moderately differentiated @entity157 . Two endoloops were deployed around the base of the mass one month apart. The mass eventually sloughed off and @entity1 's hemoglobin level stabilized. We postulated that periampullary @entity3 in this @entity1 was the result of @entity5 fragments migration through the biliary tracts and that TACE which increases @entity5 fragments burden might have played a contributory role. @entity3 of @entity157 to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract should be considered as a cause of @entity360 .

title: Metastatic Periampullary Tumor from XXXX Presenting as @entity360 .

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['Hepatocellular Carcinoma']


abstract: The influence of previous antibiotic therapy on the aerobic faecal flora, including P-fimbriated @entity526 , was studied in 953 neonates at discharge from 22 neonatal wards in Sweden. Antibiotics, mainly @entity869 (with or without @entity801 ) or @entity2261 , had been received by 37% of the @entity1 . Treatment with @entity869 (with or without @entity801 ) increased @entity4005 /Enterobacter and reduced Esch. coli colonization. Cephalosporin therapy (71% @entity2261 ) reduced the frequency of colonization with both Esch. coli and @entity4005 /Enterobacter spp. but doubled the isolation rate of other Gram-negative bacteria (Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, @entity795 spp.) and tripled the incidence of specimens yielding no aerobic Gram-negative growth. @entity801 showed no significant ecological impact. The selection of @entity4005 /Enterobacter and P-negative Esch. coli strains by @entity869 was correlated with their resistance to this agent, while the association between P-fimbriated Esch. coli and @entity2261 therapy was not related to @entity2261 resistance.

title: Influence of antibiotic therapy on faecal carriage of P-fimbriated XXXX and other gram-negative bacteria in neonates.

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin', 'Gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2261 :: ('MESH:D002444', 'Chemical') :: ['cefuroxime']

entities_list: @entity795 :: ('MESH:D016715', 'Disease') :: ['Proteus and Acinetobacter']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: There have been several causes of @entity249 attributed to gamete quality, congenital anatomical @entity66 . Published research into the reasons for failure of implantation of embryos has been confined to histochemical and histological studies of the endometrium. This paper presents preliminary data from an ongoing study to test the hypothesis that poor uterine perfusion is a cause of failure of implantation of embryos. It would follow that poor uterine perfusion is a cause of @entity249 . One-hundred-and-fifty-three @entity1 who had been unsuccessful in conceiving despite three previous in-vitro fertilization attempts have been studied. Doppler ultrasound studies of the ascending branch of the uterine artery, during spontaneous ovarian cycles, revealed a poor mid-secretory uterine response in 48% of @entity1 studied. @entity1 with poor mid-secretory uterine response were treated with orally administered hormone therapy to improve the mid-secretory uterine response prior to subsequent embryo replacement. The results of subsequent in-vitro fertilization therapy in @entity1 with good uterine response and in @entity1 with improved uterine response after hormone therapy are presented. The numbers of @entity1 in each group are insufficient for statistical analyses, but the trends observed support the hypothesis that poor uterine blood flow is a cause of @entity249 . Further evaluation is warranted.

title: Decreased uterine perfusion--a cause of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities and surgical complications']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['infertility']


abstract: Aim. To report a case of bilateral Sturge-Weber and @entity4848 with @entity726 in a @entity1 . Method. CASE REPORT: Results. A 4-year-old male @entity1 was referred to us for control of intraocular pressure (IOP). Sleeping IOP was 36   mm   Hg in right eye and 28   mm   Hg in the left eye. The sclera of both the eyes showed bluish black @entity2118 . Fundus examination of both eyes showed diffuse @entity3193 with glaucomatous cupping. @entity3809 was present on both sides of face along all the 3 divisions of trigeminal nerve with overlying @entity1184 of skin and on left forearm. Nevus fuscocaeruleus was present on upper trunk. All @entity272 were present since birth and were stationary in nature. CT scan of head revealed left-sided @entity194 . Intraocular pressure was controlled after treatment with topical antiglaucoma medications. Pulsed Dye Laser has been advised by dermatologist for @entity272 . @entity1 has been advised for regular follow-up. Conclusion. The two overlapping @entity74 and their association with @entity726 are a rare entity. Management should be targeted both for @entity2194 .

title: Bilateral Sturge-Weber and XXXX with @entity726 , an Overlap Syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['dermatological and eye conditions']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma', 'secondary glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity4848 :: ('MESH:D020752', 'Disease') :: ['Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['pigmentation-melanosis bulbi']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral atrophy']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity3809 :: ('MESH:D019339', 'Disease') :: ['Nevus flammeus']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['dermatological disorders']

answer: @entity4848 :: (MESH:D020752,Disease) :: ['Phakomatosis Pigmentovascularis']


abstract: Aim. To report a case of bilateral Sturge-Weber and @entity4848 with @entity726 in a @entity1 . Method. CASE REPORT: Results. A 4-year-old male @entity1 was referred to us for control of intraocular pressure (IOP). Sleeping IOP was 36   mm   Hg in right eye and 28   mm   Hg in the left eye. The sclera of both the eyes showed bluish black @entity2118 . Fundus examination of both eyes showed diffuse @entity3193 with glaucomatous cupping. @entity3809 was present on both sides of face along all the 3 divisions of trigeminal nerve with overlying @entity1184 of skin and on left forearm. Nevus fuscocaeruleus was present on upper trunk. All @entity272 were present since birth and were stationary in nature. CT scan of head revealed left-sided @entity194 . Intraocular pressure was controlled after treatment with topical antiglaucoma medications. Pulsed Dye Laser has been advised by dermatologist for @entity272 . @entity1 has been advised for regular follow-up. Conclusion. The two overlapping @entity74 and their association with @entity726 are a rare entity. Management should be targeted both for @entity2194 .

title: Bilateral Sturge-Weber and @entity4848 with XXXX , an Overlap Syndrome.

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma']


abstract: In order to objectively evaluate the effectiveness, safety and usefulness of the new oral cephem @entity26397 proxetil ( @entity7550 , CPDX-PR) for the treatment of @entity9244 , a double-blind comparative study was undertaken using cefaclor (CCL) as the control drug. CPDX-PR and CCL were administered for 7 days at daily doses of 400 mg (divided into 2 portions) and 750 mg (divided into 3 portions), respectively. A total of 243 @entity1 (118 in the CPDX-PR group and 125 in the CCL group) was treated in this study. The effectiveness, safety and usefulness were evaluated in 222 (106 in the CPDX-PR group and 116 in the CCL group), 234 (113 in the CPDX-PR group and 121 in the CCL group) and in 223 @entity1 (107 in the CPDX-PR group and 116 in the CCL group), respectively. There were no differences in @entity1 ' backgrounds between the 2 groups, except for the presence or the absence of surgical treatments. The results we obtained are summarized below: 1. In the evaluation of clinical efficacy by the subcommittee, excellent, good, fair and poor efficacy were observed in 36, 43, 17 and 10 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group, respectively; the efficacy rate was, therefore, calculated to be 74.5%. As for the @entity31262 group, respective results were observed in 50, 39, 17 and 10 @entity1 , indicating an efficacy rate of 76.7%. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Improvement rates judged by physicians in charge were 80.2% in the CPDX-PR group and 88.8% in the CCL group. Moreover, no significant difference in diseases or severity were found between the 2 groups. 2. As for the bacteriological efficacy, the 2 groups showed high elimination rates, as 90.1% and 91.6% of the disease causing bacteria were eliminated in the CPDX-PR group and in the CCL group, respectively. Elimination rates in single infections with @entity794 were determined to be 85.7% in the CPDX-PR group and 85.0% in the CCL group. 3. Although 6 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group and 2 @entity1 in the CCL group developed side effects, which were mainly gastrointestinal symptoms, there was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the 2 groups. Abnormal laboratory values were found in 5 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group and 1 @entity1 in the CCL group. 4. There was no significant difference in the usefulness between the 2 groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Clinical evaluation of XXXX proxetil in the treatment of @entity9244 . A double blind comparison of @entity26397 proxetil and cefaclor].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity26397 :: ('MESH:C053268', 'Chemical') :: ['cefpodoxime']

entities_list: @entity9244 :: ('MESH:D018461', 'Disease') :: ['skin and soft tissue infections']

answer: @entity26397 :: (MESH:C053268,Chemical) :: ['cefpodoxime']


abstract: In order to objectively evaluate the effectiveness, safety and usefulness of the new oral cephem @entity26397 proxetil ( @entity7550 , CPDX-PR) for the treatment of @entity9244 , a double-blind comparative study was undertaken using cefaclor (CCL) as the control drug. CPDX-PR and CCL were administered for 7 days at daily doses of 400 mg (divided into 2 portions) and 750 mg (divided into 3 portions), respectively. A total of 243 @entity1 (118 in the CPDX-PR group and 125 in the CCL group) was treated in this study. The effectiveness, safety and usefulness were evaluated in 222 (106 in the CPDX-PR group and 116 in the CCL group), 234 (113 in the CPDX-PR group and 121 in the CCL group) and in 223 @entity1 (107 in the CPDX-PR group and 116 in the CCL group), respectively. There were no differences in @entity1 ' backgrounds between the 2 groups, except for the presence or the absence of surgical treatments. The results we obtained are summarized below: 1. In the evaluation of clinical efficacy by the subcommittee, excellent, good, fair and poor efficacy were observed in 36, 43, 17 and 10 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group, respectively; the efficacy rate was, therefore, calculated to be 74.5%. As for the @entity31262 group, respective results were observed in 50, 39, 17 and 10 @entity1 , indicating an efficacy rate of 76.7%. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Improvement rates judged by physicians in charge were 80.2% in the CPDX-PR group and 88.8% in the CCL group. Moreover, no significant difference in diseases or severity were found between the 2 groups. 2. As for the bacteriological efficacy, the 2 groups showed high elimination rates, as 90.1% and 91.6% of the disease causing bacteria were eliminated in the CPDX-PR group and in the CCL group, respectively. Elimination rates in single infections with @entity794 were determined to be 85.7% in the CPDX-PR group and 85.0% in the CCL group. 3. Although 6 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group and 2 @entity1 in the CCL group developed side effects, which were mainly gastrointestinal symptoms, there was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the 2 groups. Abnormal laboratory values were found in 5 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group and 1 @entity1 in the CCL group. 4. There was no significant difference in the usefulness between the 2 groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Clinical evaluation of @entity26397 proxetil in the treatment of @entity9244 . A double blind comparison of XXXX proxetil and cefaclor].

answer: @entity26397 :: (MESH:C053268,Chemical) :: ['cefpodoxime']


abstract: In order to objectively evaluate the effectiveness, safety and usefulness of the new oral cephem @entity26397 proxetil ( @entity7550 , CPDX-PR) for the treatment of @entity9244 , a double-blind comparative study was undertaken using cefaclor (CCL) as the control drug. CPDX-PR and CCL were administered for 7 days at daily doses of 400 mg (divided into 2 portions) and 750 mg (divided into 3 portions), respectively. A total of 243 @entity1 (118 in the CPDX-PR group and 125 in the CCL group) was treated in this study. The effectiveness, safety and usefulness were evaluated in 222 (106 in the CPDX-PR group and 116 in the CCL group), 234 (113 in the CPDX-PR group and 121 in the CCL group) and in 223 @entity1 (107 in the CPDX-PR group and 116 in the CCL group), respectively. There were no differences in @entity1 ' backgrounds between the 2 groups, except for the presence or the absence of surgical treatments. The results we obtained are summarized below: 1. In the evaluation of clinical efficacy by the subcommittee, excellent, good, fair and poor efficacy were observed in 36, 43, 17 and 10 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group, respectively; the efficacy rate was, therefore, calculated to be 74.5%. As for the @entity31262 group, respective results were observed in 50, 39, 17 and 10 @entity1 , indicating an efficacy rate of 76.7%. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Improvement rates judged by physicians in charge were 80.2% in the CPDX-PR group and 88.8% in the CCL group. Moreover, no significant difference in diseases or severity were found between the 2 groups. 2. As for the bacteriological efficacy, the 2 groups showed high elimination rates, as 90.1% and 91.6% of the disease causing bacteria were eliminated in the CPDX-PR group and in the CCL group, respectively. Elimination rates in single infections with @entity794 were determined to be 85.7% in the CPDX-PR group and 85.0% in the CCL group. 3. Although 6 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group and 2 @entity1 in the CCL group developed side effects, which were mainly gastrointestinal symptoms, there was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the 2 groups. Abnormal laboratory values were found in 5 @entity1 in the CPDX-PR group and 1 @entity1 in the CCL group. 4. There was no significant difference in the usefulness between the 2 groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Clinical evaluation of @entity26397 proxetil in the treatment of XXXX . A double blind comparison of @entity26397 proxetil and cefaclor].

answer: @entity9244 :: (MESH:D018461,Disease) :: ['skin and soft tissue infections']


abstract: @entity2416 ( @entity2416 ) is a @entity102 with a poor prognosis and is characterized by the accumulation of fibrotic tissue in lungs resulting from a dysfunction in the healing process. In @entity1 , the pathological process is patchy and temporally heterogeneous and the exact mechanisms remain poorly understood. Different animal models were thus developed. Among these, intratracheal administration of @entity1732 (BML) is one of the most frequently used methods to induce @entity82 in rodents. In the present study, we first characterized histologically the time-course of lung alteration in @entity35 submitted to BLM instillation. Heterogeneous damages were observed among lungs, consisting in an inflammatory phase at early time-points. It was followed by a transition to a fibrotic state characterized by an increased myofibroblast number and collagen accumulation. We then compared instillation and aerosolization routes of BLM administration. The fibrotic process was studied in each pulmonary lobe using a modified Ashcroft scale. The two quantification methods were confronted and the interobserver variability evaluated. Both methods induced @entity82 development as demonstrated by a similar progression of the highest modified Ashcroft score. However, we highlighted that aerosolization allows a more homogeneous distribution of lesions among lungs, with a persistence of higher grade damages upon time.

title: Intratracheal XXXX Aerosolization: The Best Route of Administration for a Scalable and Homogeneous Pulmonary Fibrosis @entity35 Model?

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['lung fibrosis', 'fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis', 'IPF']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

answer: @entity1732 :: (MESH:D001761,Chemical) :: ['Bleomycin']


abstract: @entity2416 ( @entity2416 ) is a @entity102 with a poor prognosis and is characterized by the accumulation of fibrotic tissue in lungs resulting from a dysfunction in the healing process. In @entity1 , the pathological process is patchy and temporally heterogeneous and the exact mechanisms remain poorly understood. Different animal models were thus developed. Among these, intratracheal administration of @entity1732 (BML) is one of the most frequently used methods to induce @entity82 in rodents. In the present study, we first characterized histologically the time-course of lung alteration in @entity35 submitted to BLM instillation. Heterogeneous damages were observed among lungs, consisting in an inflammatory phase at early time-points. It was followed by a transition to a fibrotic state characterized by an increased myofibroblast number and collagen accumulation. We then compared instillation and aerosolization routes of BLM administration. The fibrotic process was studied in each pulmonary lobe using a modified Ashcroft scale. The two quantification methods were confronted and the interobserver variability evaluated. Both methods induced @entity82 development as demonstrated by a similar progression of the highest modified Ashcroft score. However, we highlighted that aerosolization allows a more homogeneous distribution of lesions among lungs, with a persistence of higher grade damages upon time.

title: Intratracheal @entity1732 Aerosolization: The Best Route of Administration for a Scalable and Homogeneous Pulmonary Fibrosis XXXX Model?

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Grass pollen, in particular from Lolium multiflorum is a major allergen source in temperate climate zones of Southern Brazil. The IgE sensitization profile of Brazilian grass pollen @entity56 @entity1 to individual allergen molecules has not been analyzed yet. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the IgE sensitization profile of a Brazilian grass pollen @entity56 population using individual allergen molecules. METHODS: We analyzed sera from 78 grass pollen @entity56 @entity1 for the presence of IgE antibodies specific for 103 purified micro-arrayed natural and recombinant allergens by chip technology. IgE-ELISA inhibition experiments with Lolium multiflorum, Phleum pratense extracts and a recombinant fusion protein consisting of Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 5 and Phl p 6 were performed to investigate cross-reactivities. RESULTS: Within the Brazilian grass pollen @entity56 @entity1 , the most frequently recognized allergens were Phl p 1 (95%), Phl p 5 (82%), Phl p 2 (76%) followed by Phl p 4 (64%), Phl p 6 (45%), Phl p 11 (18%) and Phl p 12 (18%). Most @entity1 were sensitized only to grass pollen allergens but not to allergens from other sources. A high degree of IgE cross-reactivity between Phleum pratense, Lolium multiflorum and the recombinant timothy grass fusion protein was found. CONCLUSIONS: Component-resolved analysis of sera from Brazilian grass pollen @entity56 @entity1 reveals an IgE recognition profile compatible with a typical Pooideae sensitization. The high degree of cross-reactivity between Phleum pratense and Lolium multiflorum allergens suggests that diagnosis and immunotherapy can be achieved with timothy grass pollen allergens in the studied population.

title: Allergen Microarray Indicates Pooideae Sensitization in Brazilian Grass Pollen Allergic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are several publications reported that @entity27 ( @entity27 ) was associated with @entity565 . However, large-scaled, population-based cohort study has been limited. We aimed to examine the risk of @entity27 among adult @entity1 with @entity565 in an Asian population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Health Insurance (NHI) of Taiwan. The @entity565 cohort included 38,840 newly diagnosed @entity1 between 2000 and 2010. The date of diagnosis was defined as the index date. Each @entity1 was randomly matched with four @entity1 without @entity565 according to gender, age, and the index year as the comparison cohort. The occurrence of @entity27 was followed up until the end of 2011. The risk of @entity27 was estimated using the Cox proportional hazard model after adjusting for gender, age, and comorbidities. RESULTS: The overall incidence of @entity27 was 2.51-fold greater in the @entity565 cohort than in the comparison cohort (12.1 versus 4.84 per 1000 @entity1 -years). Compared to non- @entity565 subjects, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of @entity27 increased to 1.78 for @entity565 @entity1 with one or less annual emergency room (ER) visit, and 23.8 for those who visited ER more than once per year. In addition, aHR in @entity1 with inhaled @entity479 treatment compared to those without @entity479 treatment was 1.33 (95% CI = 1.01-1.76). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity565 have a significantly higher risk of developing @entity27 than the general population. The results suggest that the risk of @entity27 is proportional to @entity565 control and @entity1 with inhaled @entity479 treatment have a higher risk for @entity27 than those without @entity479 treatment.

title: Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adult @entity1 with XXXX : A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'person', 'people']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['Asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are several publications reported that @entity27 ( @entity27 ) was associated with @entity565 . However, large-scaled, population-based cohort study has been limited. We aimed to examine the risk of @entity27 among adult @entity1 with @entity565 in an Asian population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Health Insurance (NHI) of Taiwan. The @entity565 cohort included 38,840 newly diagnosed @entity1 between 2000 and 2010. The date of diagnosis was defined as the index date. Each @entity1 was randomly matched with four @entity1 without @entity565 according to gender, age, and the index year as the comparison cohort. The occurrence of @entity27 was followed up until the end of 2011. The risk of @entity27 was estimated using the Cox proportional hazard model after adjusting for gender, age, and comorbidities. RESULTS: The overall incidence of @entity27 was 2.51-fold greater in the @entity565 cohort than in the comparison cohort (12.1 versus 4.84 per 1000 @entity1 -years). Compared to non- @entity565 subjects, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of @entity27 increased to 1.78 for @entity565 @entity1 with one or less annual emergency room (ER) visit, and 23.8 for those who visited ER more than once per year. In addition, aHR in @entity1 with inhaled @entity479 treatment compared to those without @entity479 treatment was 1.33 (95% CI = 1.01-1.76). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity565 have a significantly higher risk of developing @entity27 than the general population. The results suggest that the risk of @entity27 is proportional to @entity565 control and @entity1 with inhaled @entity479 treatment have a higher risk for @entity27 than those without @entity479 treatment.

title: Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adult XXXX with @entity565 : A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The overall incidence of poor ovarian response in IVF cycles has been reported to be between 9 and 24  %. The management of these @entity1 remains a significant challenge in assisted reproduction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of @entity8580 (MI) on ovarian function in poor responders undergoing ICSI. METHODS: The study is a prospective controlled observational trial, that involved 72 poor responders included in an ICSI program and divided into two groups; group A: 38 @entity1 who have been assuming MI (4  g)   +   @entity1501 (FA) (400   g) for the previous 3  months before the enrollment day; group B: 38 @entity1 assuming FA (400   g) alone for the same period. COH was carried out in the same manner in the two groups. The main goal was the assessment of oocytes retrieved number and quality; secondary endpoints were the Ovarian Sensitivity Index (OSI: n   oocytes retrieved/total Gonadotropins units   *   1000), @entity53 levels on the day of hGC, fertilization rate, implantation rate, ongoing pregnancy rate. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding @entity53 level, but total rec-FSH units were significantly lower (p   =   0.004) and M2 oocytes rate significantly higer (p   =   0.01) in group A. The ovarian sensitivity index was higher, reaching a statistical significance (p   <   0.05), in the group of @entity1 pre-treated with MI, showing an improvement in ovarian sensibility to gonadotropin. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that MI therapy in poor responders results in an increased of the number of oocytes recovered in MII and of the gonadotropin Ovarian Sensitivity Index (OSI), suggesting a MI role in improving ovarian response to gonadotropins. Therefore MI seems to be helpful in "poor responders" undergoing IVF cycles.

title: XXXX therapy for poor-responders during IVF: a prospective controlled observational trial.

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid']

entities_list: @entity8580 :: ('MESH:D007294', 'Chemical') :: ['myo-inositol']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['oestradiol']

answer: @entity8580 :: (MESH:D007294,Chemical) :: ['Myo-inositol']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the outcome of limited ileo-caecal resection in @entity1 with localised @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and determine predictors of further surgery. METHODS: Review of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity30 and operated on for ileo-caecal disease from 1995 to 2005. Age at diagnosis, endoscopic disease distribution, indication for surgery, site of recurrence and date of last follow-up were recorded. Surgery required removal of only the ileo-caecal junction and caecal pole with removal of the minimum terminal ileal length. RESULTS: Thirty seven @entity1 underwent intestinal resection. Time between primary operation and most recent follow-up was 3.8  years (range 1  month-8.8  years). Indications for surgery were obstruction/stricture (20), treatment-resistant disease (13) and abscess/perforation @entity298 (4). Follow-up was available in 32. Nine (28%) required re-laparotomy. Median time to second laparotomy was 12  months (range 4-58  months). Eighteen @entity1 required no endoscopies after surgery (median follow-up 3.4  years). CONCLUSION: Most conservative surgery occurs about 2  years after diagnosis. About 1 in 4 @entity1 have a further laparotomy within 12  months. Over half of these require division of adhesions. Limited ileo-caecal resection for localized @entity30 is not associated with early peri-anastomotic recurrence. Developments in laparoscopic surgery are likely to further reduce complications from adhesions.

title: Limited ileo-caecal resection for localised XXXX in childhood: Clinical outcome and predictors of further surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: The high cost of infliximab inhibits the regular retreatment of all @entity1 in Hungary with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) after beneficial induction therapy. This study is set out to evaluate the medium-term efficacy of induction therapy with infliximab without retreatment in @entity30 @entity1 with chronic activity and/or fistulae refractory to conventional therapy. METHODS: A retrospective 1-year review was undertaken of all @entity30 @entity1 with successfully induced remission or @entity292 closure with 3 infusions of infliximab. Infliximab was administered in a dose of 5  mg/kg 3 times, in weeks 0, 2 and 6. Clinical remission was defined as symptom resolution and an estimated @entity30 Activity Index (CDAI) <150 and complete @entity292 closure. We evaluated the clinical response, the estimated CDAI, the number of draining fistulae, the dosages of @entity134 and immunosuppressive drugs at 6 and 12  months after the last infusion, and the needs for hospitalization and surgical intervention during this period. Breslow (Generalized Wilcoxon) test was used as the statistical method. RESULTS: The data of the 50 @entity1 (19 luminal, 31 fistulizing disease; average age 29. 3 [13-59] years, disease localization: 23 colon, 13 ileum, 13 ileocolon, 1 duodenum) were suitable for analysis. Infliximab induction therapy without retreatment resulted in a beneficial effect lasting for at least 1  year in 22 of the 50 @entity1 (44%). 11 of the 19 @entity1 (57.9%) with @entity66 remained in steroid-free complete remission, while the fistulae persisted closed in only 11 of the 31 @entity1 (35.5%) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Infliximab induction therapy alone may result in sustained remission mainly in @entity1 with @entity66 . These results suggest the need for maintenance therapy with infliximab after successful therapy induction in @entity1 with fistulae, while luminal @entity30 @entity1 could possibly participate in regular retreatment only if needed. If these data are confirmed, this modification of the therapeutic procedure could well increase the cost-effectiveness of infliximab.

title: Is the efficacy of successful infliximab induction therapy maintained for one year lasting without retreatment in different behavior types of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['luminal disease']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's Disease", "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Corticosteroid therapy for @entity31 ( @entity31 ) frequently results in @entity134 -dependency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long term clinical and endoscopic efficacy of infliximab (IFX) in @entity134 -dependent @entity31 . METHODS: An open-label, prospective, single center study was designed. @entity1 older than 18  years with @entity134 -dependent @entity31 , either intolerant or did not respond to @entity500 , were consecutively enrolled. @entity134 -dependency was defined as the ECCO criteria. @entity1 received IFX (5  mg/kg) at 0, 2 and 6  weeks and every 8  weeks thereafter for 2  years. All @entity1 were clinically evaluated at weeks 8, 52 and 104 and a colonoscopy was performed at week 104. Response to IFX was defined as clinical remission without @entity230 together with @entity33 (endoscopic Mayo score of 0 or 1). RESULTS: Seventeen consecutive @entity1 were included (11 male, mean age 45, range 25-70). Thirteen (76%) had extensive @entity1960 (E3). All @entity1 completed IFX therapy. Clinical response was in 13/17 at weeks 8 and 52. Twelve out of seventeen @entity1 maintained clinical remission without @entity230 and endoscopic response at week 104. Six out of seventeen @entity1 needed dose intensification of IFX (every 6  weeks); 3/6 @entity1 did not reach remission despite dose intensification. Including those @entity1 who needed dose intensification as non-responders, 9/17 @entity1 were in clinical and endoscopic remission at week 104. A significant correlation was found between clinical and endoscopic findings (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Infliximab therapy is effective for maintenance of clinical remission and @entity33 in @entity1 with @entity134 -dependent @entity31 .

title: Mucosal healing and @entity134 -sparing associated with infliximab for @entity134 -dependent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal healing']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid', 'steroid']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Corticosteroid therapy for @entity31 ( @entity31 ) frequently results in @entity134 -dependency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long term clinical and endoscopic efficacy of infliximab (IFX) in @entity134 -dependent @entity31 . METHODS: An open-label, prospective, single center study was designed. @entity1 older than 18  years with @entity134 -dependent @entity31 , either intolerant or did not respond to @entity500 , were consecutively enrolled. @entity134 -dependency was defined as the ECCO criteria. @entity1 received IFX (5  mg/kg) at 0, 2 and 6  weeks and every 8  weeks thereafter for 2  years. All @entity1 were clinically evaluated at weeks 8, 52 and 104 and a colonoscopy was performed at week 104. Response to IFX was defined as clinical remission without @entity230 together with @entity33 (endoscopic Mayo score of 0 or 1). RESULTS: Seventeen consecutive @entity1 were included (11 male, mean age 45, range 25-70). Thirteen (76%) had extensive @entity1960 (E3). All @entity1 completed IFX therapy. Clinical response was in 13/17 at weeks 8 and 52. Twelve out of seventeen @entity1 maintained clinical remission without @entity230 and endoscopic response at week 104. Six out of seventeen @entity1 needed dose intensification of IFX (every 6  weeks); 3/6 @entity1 did not reach remission despite dose intensification. Including those @entity1 who needed dose intensification as non-responders, 9/17 @entity1 were in clinical and endoscopic remission at week 104. A significant correlation was found between clinical and endoscopic findings (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Infliximab therapy is effective for maintenance of clinical remission and @entity33 in @entity1 with @entity134 -dependent @entity31 .

title: Mucosal healing and XXXX -sparing associated with infliximab for @entity134 -dependent @entity31 .

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Corticosteroid therapy for @entity31 ( @entity31 ) frequently results in @entity134 -dependency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long term clinical and endoscopic efficacy of infliximab (IFX) in @entity134 -dependent @entity31 . METHODS: An open-label, prospective, single center study was designed. @entity1 older than 18  years with @entity134 -dependent @entity31 , either intolerant or did not respond to @entity500 , were consecutively enrolled. @entity134 -dependency was defined as the ECCO criteria. @entity1 received IFX (5  mg/kg) at 0, 2 and 6  weeks and every 8  weeks thereafter for 2  years. All @entity1 were clinically evaluated at weeks 8, 52 and 104 and a colonoscopy was performed at week 104. Response to IFX was defined as clinical remission without @entity230 together with @entity33 (endoscopic Mayo score of 0 or 1). RESULTS: Seventeen consecutive @entity1 were included (11 male, mean age 45, range 25-70). Thirteen (76%) had extensive @entity1960 (E3). All @entity1 completed IFX therapy. Clinical response was in 13/17 at weeks 8 and 52. Twelve out of seventeen @entity1 maintained clinical remission without @entity230 and endoscopic response at week 104. Six out of seventeen @entity1 needed dose intensification of IFX (every 6  weeks); 3/6 @entity1 did not reach remission despite dose intensification. Including those @entity1 who needed dose intensification as non-responders, 9/17 @entity1 were in clinical and endoscopic remission at week 104. A significant correlation was found between clinical and endoscopic findings (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Infliximab therapy is effective for maintenance of clinical remission and @entity33 in @entity1 with @entity134 -dependent @entity31 .

title: Mucosal healing and @entity134 -sparing associated with infliximab for XXXX -dependent @entity31 .

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We analyzed the potential of endovascular stent grafts to treat late @entity2849 after @entity1498 repair. METHODS: Eight @entity1 (7 male; age 28 to 58, mean 43 years) presented with @entity2849 after primary repair performed at the age of 5 to 27 (mean 12) years; 2 @entity1 had @entity397 with @entity548 . The mean interval between the procedures was 31 (19 to 42) years; one @entity1 had 3 previous operations. This subset represents 2.2% of our overall experience in @entity1514 repair (n=368). @entity1514 endografts were implanted using the transfemoral technique. Custom-made reverse tapered stent grafts were used in 4 cases. The left subclavian artery (LSA) was covered in 5 @entity1 . Protective transposition of the left subclavian artery was performed in 4 @entity1 . RESULTS: Hospital mortality was 12.5%; 1 @entity1 died from secondary @entity397 after emergency repair. Primary complete exclusion of the @entity439 was achieved in 6 @entity1 . Secondary exclusion after implantation of a second stent graft was successful in the second @entity397 @entity1 . No endoleak was present at discharge. All discharged @entity1 are alive after 8 to 63 (mean 36) months. Follow-up computed tomography or transesophageal echocardiography revealed no secondary endoleaks or late expansion. The @entity2849 had shrunk completely in 3 @entity1 , were reduced in size in 2 @entity1 , and remained unchanged in 2 @entity1 . No late secondary interventions were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Single piece, reversed, tapered stent grafts adapt better to the special anatomy of the hypoplastic aortic arch. Midterm results are excellent; complete shrinkage in 50% is remarkable. However, the long-term behavior of these implants in young @entity1 requires further evaluation and surveillance.

title: Endovascular stent-graft repair of late @entity2849 after surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic endovascular', 'Thoracic']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['aortic pseudoaneurysms', 'pseudoaneurysms']

answer: @entity1498 :: (MESH:D001017,Disease) :: ['aortic coarctation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We analyzed the potential of endovascular stent grafts to treat late @entity2849 after @entity1498 repair. METHODS: Eight @entity1 (7 male; age 28 to 58, mean 43 years) presented with @entity2849 after primary repair performed at the age of 5 to 27 (mean 12) years; 2 @entity1 had @entity397 with @entity548 . The mean interval between the procedures was 31 (19 to 42) years; one @entity1 had 3 previous operations. This subset represents 2.2% of our overall experience in @entity1514 repair (n=368). @entity1514 endografts were implanted using the transfemoral technique. Custom-made reverse tapered stent grafts were used in 4 cases. The left subclavian artery (LSA) was covered in 5 @entity1 . Protective transposition of the left subclavian artery was performed in 4 @entity1 . RESULTS: Hospital mortality was 12.5%; 1 @entity1 died from secondary @entity397 after emergency repair. Primary complete exclusion of the @entity439 was achieved in 6 @entity1 . Secondary exclusion after implantation of a second stent graft was successful in the second @entity397 @entity1 . No endoleak was present at discharge. All discharged @entity1 are alive after 8 to 63 (mean 36) months. Follow-up computed tomography or transesophageal echocardiography revealed no secondary endoleaks or late expansion. The @entity2849 had shrunk completely in 3 @entity1 , were reduced in size in 2 @entity1 , and remained unchanged in 2 @entity1 . No late secondary interventions were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Single piece, reversed, tapered stent grafts adapt better to the special anatomy of the hypoplastic aortic arch. Midterm results are excellent; complete shrinkage in 50% is remarkable. However, the long-term behavior of these implants in young @entity1 requires further evaluation and surveillance.

title: Endovascular stent-graft repair of late XXXX after surgery for @entity1498 .

answer: @entity2849 :: (MESH:D017541,Disease) :: ['pseudoaneurysms']


abstract: @entity726 is a multifactorial, @entity179 . The molecular mechanisms that underlie the pathophysiological changes in @entity735 , especially at the early stage of the disease, are poorly understood. Here, we report the findings from a quantitative proteomic analysis of retinas from experimental @entity726 (EG) eyes. An early stage of EG was modeled on unilateral eyes of five nonhuman primates (NHP) by laser treatment-induced elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). Retinal proteins were extracted from individual EG eyes and their contralateral control eyes of the same animals, respectively, and analyzed by quantitative mass spectrometry (MS). As a result, a total, 475 retinal proteins were confidently identified and quantified. Results of bioinformatic analysis of proteins that showed an increase in the EG eyes suggested changes in apoptosis, DNA damage, immune response, cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell adhesion processes. Interestingly, hemoglobin subunit alpha ( @entity8027 ) and Ras related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 ( @entity5180 ) were among the increased proteins. Results of molecular modeling of @entity8027 - and @entity5180 -associated signaling network implicated the involvement of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway in the EG, through which @entity5180 may exert a regulatory role on @entity8027 . This is the first observation of this potentially novel signaling network in the NHP retina and in EG. Results of Western blot analyses for @entity5180 , @entity8027 and a selected MAPK pathway protein indicated synergistic changes in all three proteins in the EG eyes. Further, results of hierarchical cluster analysis of proteomes of control eyes revealed a clear age-proteome relationship, and such relationship appeared disrupted in the EG eyes. In conclusion, our results suggested an increased presence of a potentially novel signaling network at the early stage of @entity726 , and age might be one of the determinant factors in retinal proteomic characteristics under normal conditions.

title: Alterations in molecular pathways in the retina of early experimental XXXX eyes.

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Glaucoma', 'glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous eyes']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disease']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatments and organizational changes supported by eHealth are beginning to play an important role in improving disease treatment outcome and providing cost-efficient care management. "Improvehealth.eu" is a novel eHealth service to support the treatment of @entity1 with @entity308 . It offers active @entity1 engagement and collaborative care management by combining Web- and mobile-based information and communication technology systems and access to care managers. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to assess the feasibility of a novel eHealth service. METHODS: The intervention--the "Improvehealth.eu" service--was explored in the course of a pilot study comparing two groups of @entity1 receiving treatment as usual and treatment as usual with eHealth intervention. We compared @entity1 ' medication adherence and outcome measures between both groups and additionally explored usage and overall perceptions of the intervention in intervention group. RESULTS: The intervention was successfully implemented in a pilot with 46 @entity1 , of whom 40 were female. Of the 46 @entity1 , 25 received treatment as usual, and 21 received the intervention in addition to treatment as usual. A total of 55% (12/25) of @entity1 in the former group and 45% (10/21) in the latter group finished the 6-month pilot. Available case analysis indicated an improvement of adherence in the intervention group (odds ratio [OR] = 10.0, P = .03). Intention-to-treat analysis indicated an improvement of outcome in the intervention group (ORs ranging from 0.35 to 18; P values ranging from .003 to .20), but confidence intervals were large due to small sample sizes. Average duration of use of the intervention was 107 days. The intervention was well received by 81% (17/21) of @entity1 who reported feeling actively engaged, in control of their disease, and that they had access to a high level of information. In all, 33% (7/21) of the @entity1 also described drawbacks of the intervention, mostly related to usability issues. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this pilot study indicate that the intervention was well accepted and helped the @entity1 in the course of treatment. The results also suggest the potential of the intervention to improve both medication adherence and outcome measures of treatment, including reduction of @entity308 severity and @entity1 becoming "healthy."

title: Feasibility of an eHealth service to support collaborative XXXX care: results of a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine the association of quality of life (QOL) after diagnosis of @entity0 with mortality and recurrence. @entity1 AND METHODS: From 2002 to 2004, a total of 2,230 @entity0 survivors completed the General Quality of Life Inventory-74 6 months after diagnosis as part of the Shanghai @entity0 Survivor Study. Also collected at baseline was information on demographic and clinical characteristics. At 36 months postdiagnosis, 1,845 of these @entity1 were re-evaluated for QOL. Outcomes were ascertained by in- @entity1 interview and record linkage to the vital statistics registry. The association of QOL with total mortality and @entity5 recurrence was assessed by using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 4.8 years after the 6-month postdiagnosis QOL assessment, 284 @entity204 were identified. Recurrence was documented in 267 @entity1 after 108 @entity1 with @entity0 or recurrence before study enrollment were excluded. @entity1 with the highest tertile of social well-being QOL score, compared with those with the lowest score, had a 38% decreased risk of mortality (95% CI, 0.46 to 0.85; P for trend = .002) and a 48% decreased risk of @entity0 recurrence (95% CI, 0.38 to 0.71; P for trend < .001). QOL assessed at 36 months postdiagnosis was not significantly associated with subsequent risk of mortality or recurrence. CONCLUSION: Social well-being in the first year after @entity5 diagnosis is a significant prognostic factor for @entity0 recurrence or mortality, suggesting a possible avenue of intervention by maintaining or enhancing social support for @entity1 soon after their @entity0 diagnosis to improve disease outcomes.

title: Quality of life after XXXX diagnosis and survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'PATIENTS', 'person']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast Cancer', 'stage IV breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the cost-effectiveness of treatment with @entity5834 compared with placebo for @entity386 in @entity1 with birth weights less than 1250 g, from birth through 18 to 21 months' corrected age. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective economic evaluation of the cost per survivor without @entity245 by using individual- @entity1 data from the @entity5834 for @entity386 clinical trial (N = 1869). We included direct medical costs either to the insurance payer or the hospital but excluded costs to parents and society, such as lost productivity. We used a price of  0.21/mg of generic @entity27708 for our base-case analysis. All costs were expressed in 2008 Canadian dollars and discounted at 3%. The time horizon for this analysis extended through 18 to 21 months' corrected age to match the clinical trial. RESULTS: The mean cost per @entity1 was  124 466 in the @entity5834 group and  133 505 in the placebo group (difference:  9039 [-14 749 to -3375]; adjusted P = .014). Cost-effectiveness analysis showed @entity5834 to be a dominant or "win-win" therapy: in >99% of 1000 bootstrap replications of the analysis, @entity5834 -treated @entity1 had simultaneously better outcomes and lower mean costs. These results were robust to a 1000% increase in the individual resource items, including the price of @entity27708 . CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with placebo, @entity5834 therapy for @entity386 in @entity1 weighing less than 1250 g is economically appealing for @entity1 up to 18 to 21 months' corrected age.

title: Economic evaluation of @entity5834 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental impairment']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine', 'Caffeine']

entities_list: @entity27708 :: ('MESH:C026189', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine citrate']

entities_list: @entity386 :: ('MESH:D001049', 'Disease') :: ['apnea of prematurity', 'Apnea of Prematurity']

answer: @entity386 :: (MESH:D001049,Disease) :: ['apnea of prematurity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the cost-effectiveness of treatment with @entity5834 compared with placebo for @entity386 in @entity1 with birth weights less than 1250 g, from birth through 18 to 21 months' corrected age. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective economic evaluation of the cost per survivor without @entity245 by using individual- @entity1 data from the @entity5834 for @entity386 clinical trial (N = 1869). We included direct medical costs either to the insurance payer or the hospital but excluded costs to parents and society, such as lost productivity. We used a price of  0.21/mg of generic @entity27708 for our base-case analysis. All costs were expressed in 2008 Canadian dollars and discounted at 3%. The time horizon for this analysis extended through 18 to 21 months' corrected age to match the clinical trial. RESULTS: The mean cost per @entity1 was  124 466 in the @entity5834 group and  133 505 in the placebo group (difference:  9039 [-14 749 to -3375]; adjusted P = .014). Cost-effectiveness analysis showed @entity5834 to be a dominant or "win-win" therapy: in >99% of 1000 bootstrap replications of the analysis, @entity5834 -treated @entity1 had simultaneously better outcomes and lower mean costs. These results were robust to a 1000% increase in the individual resource items, including the price of @entity27708 . CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with placebo, @entity5834 therapy for @entity386 in @entity1 weighing less than 1250 g is economically appealing for @entity1 up to 18 to 21 months' corrected age.

title: Economic evaluation of XXXX for @entity386 .

answer: @entity5834 :: (MESH:D002110,Chemical) :: ['caffeine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nanoscience is a field that has stood out in recent years. The accurate long-term health and environmental risks associated with these emerging materials are unknown. Therefore, this work investigated how to eliminate @entity575 nanoparticles (AgNPs) from synthetic effluents by electrocoagulation (EC) due to the widespread use of this type of nanoparticle (NP) in industry and its potential inhibition power over microorganisms responsible for biological treatment in effluent treatment plants. Synthesized AgNPs were studied via four different routes by chemical reduction in aqueous solutions to simulate the chemical variations of a hypothetical industrial effluent, and efficiency conditions of the EC treatment were determined. All routes used @entity7292 as the source of @entity575 ions, and two synthesis routes were studied with @entity4958 as a stabilizer. In route I, @entity4958 functioned simultaneously as the reducing agent and stabilizing agent, whereas route II used @entity8951 as a reducing agent. Route III used @entity413 as the reducing agent and @entity9954 as the stabilizer; route IV used @entity9954 as the stabilizing agent and @entity8951 as the reducing agent. The efficiency of the EC process of the different synthesized solutions was studied. For route I, after 85  min of treatment, a significant decrease in the plasmon resonance peak of the sample was observed, which reflects the efficiency in the mass reduction of AgNPs in the solution by 98.6%. In route II, after 12  min of EC, the absorbance results reached the detection limit of the measurement instrument, which indicates a minimum reduction of 99.9% of AgNPs in the solution. During the 4  min of treatment in route III, the absorbance intensities again reached the detection limit, which indicates a minimum reduction of 99.8%. In route IV, after 10  min of treatment, a minimum AgNP reduction of 99.9% was observed. Based on these results, it was possible to verify that the solutions containing @entity3736 considerably increased the necessary times required to eliminate AgNPs from the synthesized effluent, whereas solutions free of this reagent showed better results on floc formation and, therefore, are best for the treatment. The elimination of AgNPs from effluents by EC proved effective for the studied routes.

title: Synthetic wastewaters treatment by electrocoagulation to remove XXXX nanoparticles produced by different routes.

entities_list: @entity4958 :: ('MESH:C102006', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium citrate']

entities_list: @entity8951 :: ('MESH:C025364', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium borohydride']

entities_list: @entity7292 :: ('MESH:D012835', 'Chemical') :: ['silver nitrate']

entities_list: @entity9954 :: ('MESH:C003319', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium pyrophosphate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['d-glucose']

answer: @entity575 :: (MESH:D012834,Chemical) :: ['silver']


abstract: PURPOSE: Previously, studies examining correlates of @entity146 have been limited by small sample size, restricted geographic area, and little socio-cultural variability. Further, few studies have examined correlates of total @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ) and screen time (ST) in the same population. This study aimed to investigate correlates of @entity1054 and ST in @entity1 around the world. METHODS: The sample included 5,844 @entity1 (45.6% @entity1 , mean age = 10.4 years) from study sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. @entity1 - and parent-reported behavioral, household, and neighborhood characteristics and directly measured anthropometric and accelerometer data were obtained. Twenty-one potential correlates of @entity1054 and ST were examined using multilevel models, adjusting for sex, age, and highest parental education, with school and study site as random effects. Variables that were moderately associated with @entity1054 and/or ST in univariate analyses (p<0.10) were included in the final models. Variables that remained significant in the final models (p<0.05) were considered correlates of @entity1054 and/or ST. RESULTS: @entity1 averaged 8.6 hours of daily @entity1054 , and 54.2% of @entity1 failed to meet ST guidelines. In all study sites, @entity1 reported higher ST, were less likely to meet ST guidelines, and had higher BMI z-scores than @entity1 . In 9 of 12 sites, @entity1 engaged in significantly more @entity1054 than @entity1 . Common correlates of higher @entity1054 and ST included poor weight status, not meeting physical activity guidelines, and having a TV or a computer in the bedroom. CONCLUSIONS: In this global sample many common correlates of @entity1054 and ST were identified, some of which are easily modifiable (e.g., removing TV from the bedroom), and others that may require more intense behavioral interventions (e.g., increasing physical activity). Future work should incorporate these findings into the development of culturally meaningful public health messages.

title: Correlates of Total Sedentary Time and Screen Time in 9-11 Year-Old XXXX around the World: The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'Children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['SED', 'sedentary time']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sedentary behavior']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Limited data exist on the efficacy of long-term therapies for @entity170 . In osteoporotic postmenopausal @entity1 receiving denosumab for 7  years, nonvertebral fracture rates significantly decreased in years 4-7 versus years 1-3. This is the first demonstration of a further benefit on fracture outcomes with long-term therapy for @entity170 . INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate whether denosumab treatment continued beyond 3  years is associated with a further reduction in nonvertebral fracture rates. METHODS: @entity1 who completed the 3-year placebo-controlled @entity174 REduction Evaluation of Denosumab in @entity170 every 6 Months (FREEDOM) study were invited to participate in an open-label extension. The present analysis includes 4,074 postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity170 (n   =   2,343 long-term; n   =   1,731 cross-over) who enrolled in the extension, missed  <=1 dose during their first 3  years of denosumab treatment, and continued into the fourth year of treatment. Comparison of nonvertebral fracture rates during years 1-3 of denosumab with that of the fourth year and with the rate during years 4-7 was evaluated. RESULTS: For the combined group, the nonvertebral fracture rate per 100 @entity1 -years was 2.15 for the first 3  years of denosumab treatment (referent) and 1.36 in the fourth year (rate ratio [RR]   =   0.64; 95  % confidence interval (CI)   =   0.48 to 0.85, p   =   0.003). Comparable findings were observed in the groups separately and when nonvertebral fracture rates during years 1-3 were compared to years 4-7 in the long-term group (RR   =   0.79; 95  % CI   =   0.62 to 1.00, p   =   0.046). @entity174 rate reductions in year 4 were most prominent in subjects with persisting low hip @entity79 ( @entity79 ). CONCLUSIONS: Denosumab treatment beyond 3  years was associated with a further reduction in nonvertebral fracture rate that persisted through 7  years of continuous denosumab administration. The degree to which denosumab further reduces nonvertebral fracture risk appears influenced by the hip bone density achieved with initial therapy.

title: Further reductions in nonvertebral fracture rate with long-term denosumab treatment in the FREEDOM open-label extension and influence of hip XXXX after 3  years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'participant', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Fracture']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone mineral density']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity24516 , which occurs in immunocompromised states such as @entity791 , has rarely been studied in @entity1 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) on immunosuppressive therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three hundred and twenty-four consecutive @entity8 recipients on immunosuppressive treatment and 170 healthy subjects were evaluated for @entity24516 and other parasites by modified trichrome staining, wet mount using normal saline, @entity1496 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Clinical, demographic and laboratory parameters associated with occurrence of @entity24516 were studied using univariate and multivariate analysis. The species of microsporidia were studied using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). @entity1 were treated with @entity3753 (400 mg twice daily for 2 weeks). RESULTS: Of 324 @entity8 recipients initially screened, 52 were excluded from final analysis due to incomplete data. @entity1 with @entity8 [n = 272, age 42    12.54 years, 222 (81.6%) male] more often had @entity24516 than healthy subjects by modified trichrome stain and PCR [n = 170, age 33.8    6.7 years, 123 (72.3%) male] [16/272 (5.8%) vs. 0/170 (0%), P < 0.001]. @entity1 with @entity24516 were younger (33.9    8.3 years vs. 42.3    12.6 years; P = 0.009), had @entity294 more often (13/16, 81% vs. 123/256, 48%; P = 0.02), which was longer in duration (60, 32.5-105 days vs. 12, 6.2-18 days; P < 0.001) and had associated @entity7014 (2/16, 12.5% vs. 2/256, 0.8%; P = 0.018). Younger age, presence of @entity294 and associated @entity7014 were significant on multivariate analysis. @entity16254 was detected in 15/16 (93%) @entity1 with @entity24516 . CONCLUSION: @entity24516 occurs frequently in @entity1 with @entity8 on immunosuppressive treatment, particularly among younger @entity1 with @entity294 and associated @entity7014 . @entity16254 is the major species identified among these @entity1 .

title: XXXX in renal transplant recipients: Prevalence, predictors of occurrence and genetic characterization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3753 :: ('MESH:D015766', 'Chemical') :: ['albendazole']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['RT', 'renal transplantation']

entities_list: @entity16254 :: ('31281', 'Species') :: ['E. bieneusi', 'Enterocytozoon bieneusi']

entities_list: @entity24516 :: ('MESH:D016881', 'Disease') :: ['microsporidiosis', 'intestinal microsporidiosis', 'Intestinal microsporidiosis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['longer diarrhoea duration', 'diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7014 :: ('MESH:D005873', 'Disease') :: ['giardiasis']

answer: @entity24516 :: (MESH:D016881,Disease) :: ['Intestinal microsporidiosis']