abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose: To investigate the association between central @entity3193 ( @entity3193 ), @entity3656 ( @entity3656 ), age, gender, and @entity2516 in a healthy pediatric population using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: This institutional study involved 137 healthy @entity1 (57 @entity1 , 80 @entity1 ) aged between 4 and 18 years. Each @entity1 underwent a dilated eye examination, cycloplegic refraction, and @entity3656 measurement using a Nidek @entity3656 -Scan optical biometer. The central foveal thickness (CFT) and @entity3193 were measured using Cirrus @entity2101 ( @entity2101 )-OCT. The right eye of each subject was selected for analysis. Results: The mean age of the @entity1 was 10.0    4.7 years (range, 4-18 years). The mean spherical equivalent (SE) was -0.24    1.24 diopters (D) (range, -2.00 D to +2.25 D). The mean @entity3656 was 23.1    1.2 mm (range, 20-27 mm). The mean central @entity3193 was 388.2    50.0  m and was not correlated with age, gender, @entity3656 , or @entity2516 . Conclusion: The data provide a pediatric normative database of @entity3193 using enhanced depth imaging OCT. This information may be useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of retino- @entity3193 in @entity1 .

title: XXXX measurement in healthy pediatric population using Cirrus @entity2101 optical coherence tomography.

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['AL', 'axial length']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['CT', 'choroidal thickness', 'choroidal diseases']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['high definition', 'HD']

answer: @entity3193 :: (MESH:D015862,Disease) :: ['Choroidal thickness']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose: To investigate the association between central @entity3193 ( @entity3193 ), @entity3656 ( @entity3656 ), age, gender, and @entity2516 in a healthy pediatric population using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: This institutional study involved 137 healthy @entity1 (57 @entity1 , 80 @entity1 ) aged between 4 and 18 years. Each @entity1 underwent a dilated eye examination, cycloplegic refraction, and @entity3656 measurement using a Nidek @entity3656 -Scan optical biometer. The central foveal thickness (CFT) and @entity3193 were measured using Cirrus @entity2101 ( @entity2101 )-OCT. The right eye of each subject was selected for analysis. Results: The mean age of the @entity1 was 10.0    4.7 years (range, 4-18 years). The mean spherical equivalent (SE) was -0.24    1.24 diopters (D) (range, -2.00 D to +2.25 D). The mean @entity3656 was 23.1    1.2 mm (range, 20-27 mm). The mean central @entity3193 was 388.2    50.0  m and was not correlated with age, gender, @entity3656 , or @entity2516 . Conclusion: The data provide a pediatric normative database of @entity3193 using enhanced depth imaging OCT. This information may be useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of retino- @entity3193 in @entity1 .

title: @entity3193 measurement in healthy pediatric population using Cirrus XXXX optical coherence tomography.

answer: @entity2101 :: (MESH:C538394,Disease) :: ['HD']


abstract: Cardiovascular deconditioning after prolonged bedrest has been attributed to inactivity. To examine the role of the altered distribution of body fluids, 5 healthy @entity1 , aged 41 to 48 years, were studied before, during and after a 20-hour period of bedrest with head-down tilt (-5 degrees). This intervention produces a marked central shift of intravascular and interstitial fluid, but the short duration minimizes the effects of inactivity. Central venous pressure, cardiac output and @entity64 volume all increased significantly (p less than 0.05) from supine baseline mean values; central venous pressure from 8.6 to 12.6 cm @entity2507 , cardiac output from 6.9 to 7.9 liters/min, and @entity64 volume from 104 to 113 ml after 15 minutes of tilt, but all values returned to baseline within 20 hours. Supine central venous pressure after tilt was 7.4 cm @entity2507 , cardiac output 5.7 liters/min and @entity64 volume 84 ml. Blood volume decreased 0.51 liters. After tilt, orthostatic stress produced a higher heart rate (90 +/- 18 vs 68 +/- 12 beats/min). Maximal @entity26 consumption decreased (2.36 +/- 0.41 vs 2.62 +/- 0.48 liters/min), mainly owing to reduced @entity64 volume (87 +/- 22 vs 107 +/- 18 ml, p less than 0.05). Thus, tilt produced a transient increase in central venous pressure, @entity64 volume and cardiac output, but supine mean values were below baseline levels after 20 hours. The post-tilt state was qualitatively and quantitatively similar to that seen after 2 to 3 weeks of bedrest or several days of spaceflight. These results are also similar to those from a previously studied group of ten 20- to 30-year-old normal @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cardiovascular deconditioning produced by 20 hours of bedrest with head-down tilt (-5 degrees) in middle-aged healthy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: @entity121 is a common feature of severe @entity295 and @entity177 . Recent evidence implicates bioenergetic dysfunction and oxidative damage as important underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Increased abundance of @entity4308 ( @entity4308 ) in @entity295 suggests @entity2383 , which may reduce mitochondrial coupling efficiency but limit reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production. Using a @entity19 model, we examined metabolic, cardiovascular, and skeletal muscle contractile changes following induction of peritoneal @entity295 in wild-type and @entity4308 (-/-) @entity19 . Mitochondrial membrane potential (    m) was measured using two-photon microscopy in living diaphragm, and contractile function was measured in diaphragm muscle strips. The kinetic relationship between membrane potential and @entity26 consumption was determined using a modular kinetic approach in isolated mitochondria. @entity295 was associated with significant whole body metabolic suppression, @entity2332 , and @entity65 . Maximal force generation was reduced and @entity1295 accelerated in ex vivo diaphragm muscle strips from septic @entity19 .     m was lower in the isolated diaphragm from septic @entity19 despite normal substrate oxidation kinetics and @entity121 . Even though wild-type @entity19 exhibited an absolute 26    6% higher @entity4308 protein abundance at 24 h, no differences were seen in whole animal or diaphragm physiology, nor in survival rates, between wild-type and @entity4308 (-/-) @entity19 . In conclusion, this @entity19 @entity295 model shows a hypometabolic phenotype with evidence of significant @entity65 . This was associated with lower     m and alterations in mitochondrial @entity855 turnover and the phosphorylation pathway. However, @entity4308 does not play an important functional role, despite its upregulation.

title: Skeletal @entity121 is associated with derangements in mitochondrial bioenergetics (but not @entity4308 ) in a rodent model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan failure']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['Muscle dysfunction', 'proton leak in skeletal muscle mitochondria']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular dysfunction', 'cardiovascular and muscle dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['increased mitochondrial proton leak']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: @entity121 is a common feature of severe @entity295 and @entity177 . Recent evidence implicates bioenergetic dysfunction and oxidative damage as important underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Increased abundance of @entity4308 ( @entity4308 ) in @entity295 suggests @entity2383 , which may reduce mitochondrial coupling efficiency but limit reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production. Using a @entity19 model, we examined metabolic, cardiovascular, and skeletal muscle contractile changes following induction of peritoneal @entity295 in wild-type and @entity4308 (-/-) @entity19 . Mitochondrial membrane potential (    m) was measured using two-photon microscopy in living diaphragm, and contractile function was measured in diaphragm muscle strips. The kinetic relationship between membrane potential and @entity26 consumption was determined using a modular kinetic approach in isolated mitochondria. @entity295 was associated with significant whole body metabolic suppression, @entity2332 , and @entity65 . Maximal force generation was reduced and @entity1295 accelerated in ex vivo diaphragm muscle strips from septic @entity19 .     m was lower in the isolated diaphragm from septic @entity19 despite normal substrate oxidation kinetics and @entity121 . Even though wild-type @entity19 exhibited an absolute 26    6% higher @entity4308 protein abundance at 24 h, no differences were seen in whole animal or diaphragm physiology, nor in survival rates, between wild-type and @entity4308 (-/-) @entity19 . In conclusion, this @entity19 @entity295 model shows a hypometabolic phenotype with evidence of significant @entity65 . This was associated with lower     m and alterations in mitochondrial @entity855 turnover and the phosphorylation pathway. However, @entity4308 does not play an important functional role, despite its upregulation.

title: Skeletal XXXX is associated with derangements in mitochondrial bioenergetics (but not @entity4308 ) in a rodent model of @entity295 .

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['muscle dysfunction']


abstract: @entity121 is a common feature of severe @entity295 and @entity177 . Recent evidence implicates bioenergetic dysfunction and oxidative damage as important underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Increased abundance of @entity4308 ( @entity4308 ) in @entity295 suggests @entity2383 , which may reduce mitochondrial coupling efficiency but limit reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production. Using a @entity19 model, we examined metabolic, cardiovascular, and skeletal muscle contractile changes following induction of peritoneal @entity295 in wild-type and @entity4308 (-/-) @entity19 . Mitochondrial membrane potential (    m) was measured using two-photon microscopy in living diaphragm, and contractile function was measured in diaphragm muscle strips. The kinetic relationship between membrane potential and @entity26 consumption was determined using a modular kinetic approach in isolated mitochondria. @entity295 was associated with significant whole body metabolic suppression, @entity2332 , and @entity65 . Maximal force generation was reduced and @entity1295 accelerated in ex vivo diaphragm muscle strips from septic @entity19 .     m was lower in the isolated diaphragm from septic @entity19 despite normal substrate oxidation kinetics and @entity121 . Even though wild-type @entity19 exhibited an absolute 26    6% higher @entity4308 protein abundance at 24 h, no differences were seen in whole animal or diaphragm physiology, nor in survival rates, between wild-type and @entity4308 (-/-) @entity19 . In conclusion, this @entity19 @entity295 model shows a hypometabolic phenotype with evidence of significant @entity65 . This was associated with lower     m and alterations in mitochondrial @entity855 turnover and the phosphorylation pathway. However, @entity4308 does not play an important functional role, despite its upregulation.

title: Skeletal @entity121 is associated with derangements in mitochondrial bioenergetics (but not XXXX ) in a rodent model of @entity295 .

answer: @entity4308 :: (22229(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['UCP3']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data describing the true extent of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-induced @entity2299 and @entity2690 resistance in perinatally infected @entity1 on ART in Africa are sparse. METHODS: Fasting total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), @entity1674 , @entity2690 and @entity413 were performed on the first 100 of 190 pediatric ART clinic attendees. Diet assessment was performed by a trained dietician. @entity3388 was formally graded by consensus between 2 expert @entity645 pediatricians. Durations of previous ART exposures, clinical stage, pre-ART viral load, nadir and current @entity404 were recorded. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed on a subset of 42 @entity1 selected semi-randomly. RESULTS: Prevalences of @entity2690 resistance, abnormal total @entity165 , LDL, HDL and @entity412 were 10%, 13%, 12%, 13% and 9%, respectively. Overall, 40% had at least 1 lipid abnormality or @entity2690 resistance. Adjusted mean LDL @entity165 increased by 0.24 mmol/L for each additional year of cumulative @entity5195 /r exposure (P = 0.03) after correcting for age, gender, body mass index, previous @entity14027 exposure, age at ART initiation, dietary fat and refined @entity1735 , whereas adjusted mean LDL @entity165 was 0.9 mmol/L higher in @entity1 exposed to efavirenz within the previous 6 months (P = 0.02). Adjusting for age, gender and ethnicity, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry revealed that greater trunk fat and lower peripheral subcutaneous fat were associated with elevated @entity1674 but not with total @entity165 , LDL, HDL or homeostatic model assessment. Similarly, the presence of visually obvious @entity3388 was associated with elevated @entity1674 but not with total @entity165 , LDL, HDL, homeostatic model assessment or @entity880 . CONCLUSIONS: Prevalences of @entity2690 resistance and @entity2299 were high. Cumulative @entity5195 is an independent risk factor for @entity2299 , with @entity488 exposure having only transitory effect.

title: High Prevalence of @entity2299 and @entity2690 Resistance in XXXX -infected Prepubertal African Children on Antiretroviral Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity14027 :: ('MESH:D018119', 'Chemical') :: ['stavudine']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity488 :: ('MESH:C098320', 'Chemical') :: ['efavirenz']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity5195 :: ('MESH:D061466', 'Chemical') :: ['lopinavir']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity3388 :: ('MESH:C535905', 'Disease') :: ['Lipoatrophy', 'lipoatrophy']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data describing the true extent of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-induced @entity2299 and @entity2690 resistance in perinatally infected @entity1 on ART in Africa are sparse. METHODS: Fasting total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), @entity1674 , @entity2690 and @entity413 were performed on the first 100 of 190 pediatric ART clinic attendees. Diet assessment was performed by a trained dietician. @entity3388 was formally graded by consensus between 2 expert @entity645 pediatricians. Durations of previous ART exposures, clinical stage, pre-ART viral load, nadir and current @entity404 were recorded. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed on a subset of 42 @entity1 selected semi-randomly. RESULTS: Prevalences of @entity2690 resistance, abnormal total @entity165 , LDL, HDL and @entity412 were 10%, 13%, 12%, 13% and 9%, respectively. Overall, 40% had at least 1 lipid abnormality or @entity2690 resistance. Adjusted mean LDL @entity165 increased by 0.24 mmol/L for each additional year of cumulative @entity5195 /r exposure (P = 0.03) after correcting for age, gender, body mass index, previous @entity14027 exposure, age at ART initiation, dietary fat and refined @entity1735 , whereas adjusted mean LDL @entity165 was 0.9 mmol/L higher in @entity1 exposed to efavirenz within the previous 6 months (P = 0.02). Adjusting for age, gender and ethnicity, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry revealed that greater trunk fat and lower peripheral subcutaneous fat were associated with elevated @entity1674 but not with total @entity165 , LDL, HDL or homeostatic model assessment. Similarly, the presence of visually obvious @entity3388 was associated with elevated @entity1674 but not with total @entity165 , LDL, HDL, homeostatic model assessment or @entity880 . CONCLUSIONS: Prevalences of @entity2690 resistance and @entity2299 were high. Cumulative @entity5195 is an independent risk factor for @entity2299 , with @entity488 exposure having only transitory effect.

title: High Prevalence of XXXX and @entity2690 Resistance in @entity645 -infected Prepubertal African Children on Antiretroviral Therapy.

answer: @entity2299 :: (MESH:D050171,Disease) :: ['Dyslipidemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data describing the true extent of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-induced @entity2299 and @entity2690 resistance in perinatally infected @entity1 on ART in Africa are sparse. METHODS: Fasting total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), @entity1674 , @entity2690 and @entity413 were performed on the first 100 of 190 pediatric ART clinic attendees. Diet assessment was performed by a trained dietician. @entity3388 was formally graded by consensus between 2 expert @entity645 pediatricians. Durations of previous ART exposures, clinical stage, pre-ART viral load, nadir and current @entity404 were recorded. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed on a subset of 42 @entity1 selected semi-randomly. RESULTS: Prevalences of @entity2690 resistance, abnormal total @entity165 , LDL, HDL and @entity412 were 10%, 13%, 12%, 13% and 9%, respectively. Overall, 40% had at least 1 lipid abnormality or @entity2690 resistance. Adjusted mean LDL @entity165 increased by 0.24 mmol/L for each additional year of cumulative @entity5195 /r exposure (P = 0.03) after correcting for age, gender, body mass index, previous @entity14027 exposure, age at ART initiation, dietary fat and refined @entity1735 , whereas adjusted mean LDL @entity165 was 0.9 mmol/L higher in @entity1 exposed to efavirenz within the previous 6 months (P = 0.02). Adjusting for age, gender and ethnicity, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry revealed that greater trunk fat and lower peripheral subcutaneous fat were associated with elevated @entity1674 but not with total @entity165 , LDL, HDL or homeostatic model assessment. Similarly, the presence of visually obvious @entity3388 was associated with elevated @entity1674 but not with total @entity165 , LDL, HDL, homeostatic model assessment or @entity880 . CONCLUSIONS: Prevalences of @entity2690 resistance and @entity2299 were high. Cumulative @entity5195 is an independent risk factor for @entity2299 , with @entity488 exposure having only transitory effect.

title: High Prevalence of @entity2299 and XXXX Resistance in @entity645 -infected Prepubertal African Children on Antiretroviral Therapy.

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['Insulin']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity23808 ( @entity23808 ) is a progressive @entity2597 of the hand/foot that often leads to debilitating functional impairment. In Europe, orthovoltage @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) has been demonstrated to prevent @entity66 progression for up to 80% of @entity1 with early-stage @entity23808 . There are limited data reporting outcomes for populations outside of Europe or using electron @entity1161 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 2008 and 2013, 44 early-stage @entity23808 cases received @entity1161 . @entity1161 fields involved clinically defined targets encompassing involved areas (skin changes, cords, nodules) with at least 1.5-cm margins. En face electrons (6-12 MeV) and bolus (0.5-1 cm) were selected individually. Outcomes are reported for @entity1 who participated in an institutional review board-approved standardized questionnaire and chart review. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 received 66 treatments (45 hands/15 feet and 6 reirradiations). Most frequent dose schemes were 21 Gy (3 Gy in 7 fractions) and 30 Gy (3 Gy in 10 fractions with 6- to 8-week breaks after 15 Gy). Median time to follow-up survey was 31 months. Disease progression at any location within or outside the @entity1161 treatment field occurred in 20 of 33 @entity1 (61%). Fourteen of 60 sites (23%) developed in-field progression, but 4 sites were successfully reirradiated with final local control in 50 of 60 sites (83%). @entity1161 improved pretreatment symptoms of @entity158 with strain at 30 of 37 sites (81%) and itch/burn sensations at 17 of 21 sites (81%). There were no reported grade >= 2 late @entity137 even with reirradiation. @entity1 reported overall success with treatment was 31 of 33 @entity1 (94%). CONCLUSION: @entity23808 is a progressive disease. En face electron @entity1161 is an effective therapy that stabilizes or improves symptoms in the majority of @entity1 . Reirradiation can be considered as a treatment option for in-field progression. @entity1 report minimal @entity137 and a high rate of satisfaction with treatment.

title: @entity1 -reported outcomes after electron radiation treatment for early-stage palmar and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2597 :: ('MESH:D003240', 'Disease') :: ['connective tissue disorder']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

entities_list: @entity23808 :: ('MESH:C565084', 'Disease') :: ['PPF', 'Palmar and plantar fibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

answer: @entity23808 :: (MESH:C565084,Disease) :: ['plantar fibromatosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity23808 ( @entity23808 ) is a progressive @entity2597 of the hand/foot that often leads to debilitating functional impairment. In Europe, orthovoltage @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) has been demonstrated to prevent @entity66 progression for up to 80% of @entity1 with early-stage @entity23808 . There are limited data reporting outcomes for populations outside of Europe or using electron @entity1161 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 2008 and 2013, 44 early-stage @entity23808 cases received @entity1161 . @entity1161 fields involved clinically defined targets encompassing involved areas (skin changes, cords, nodules) with at least 1.5-cm margins. En face electrons (6-12 MeV) and bolus (0.5-1 cm) were selected individually. Outcomes are reported for @entity1 who participated in an institutional review board-approved standardized questionnaire and chart review. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 received 66 treatments (45 hands/15 feet and 6 reirradiations). Most frequent dose schemes were 21 Gy (3 Gy in 7 fractions) and 30 Gy (3 Gy in 10 fractions with 6- to 8-week breaks after 15 Gy). Median time to follow-up survey was 31 months. Disease progression at any location within or outside the @entity1161 treatment field occurred in 20 of 33 @entity1 (61%). Fourteen of 60 sites (23%) developed in-field progression, but 4 sites were successfully reirradiated with final local control in 50 of 60 sites (83%). @entity1161 improved pretreatment symptoms of @entity158 with strain at 30 of 37 sites (81%) and itch/burn sensations at 17 of 21 sites (81%). There were no reported grade >= 2 late @entity137 even with reirradiation. @entity1 reported overall success with treatment was 31 of 33 @entity1 (94%). CONCLUSION: @entity23808 is a progressive disease. En face electron @entity1161 is an effective therapy that stabilizes or improves symptoms in the majority of @entity1 . Reirradiation can be considered as a treatment option for in-field progression. @entity1 report minimal @entity137 and a high rate of satisfaction with treatment.

title: XXXX -reported outcomes after electron radiation treatment for early-stage palmar and @entity23808 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNA-153 (miR-153) is considered to be a @entity5 regulator. Silencing of miR-153 expression induced apoptosis in @entity0 cells. Data on mechanism suggest that up-regulation of miR-153 level promotes cell proliferation via the down regulation the expression of @entity983 or @entity4012 , which attenuates the proliferation of cancerous cells. This study aims to identify the effect of miR-153 on the activity of chemotherapeutic Agents and targeted agents in @entity157 cells and to investigate the mechanisms involved. @entity98 , soft agar, trans-well and flow cytometry assays were performed to examine whether miR-153 down-regulated the activity of the chemotherapeutic and targeted drugs, @entity2857 , @entity2879 and @entity1311 in HepG2 cells. The rate of proliferation inhibition, relative survival rates and IC50 values of each drug were calculated. Western blot and luciferase assays were performed to assess whether miR-153 modulates the expression of important genes related to cell proliferation, apoptosis and survival. Results showed that miR-153 attenuated the effect of @entity2879 , @entity1311 and @entity2857 on HepG2 cells, the IC50 value increased from 0.25  0.01 mol/L to 1.02  0.14 mol/L, 0.05  0.01 mol/L to 0.14  0.02 mol/L and from 1.09  0.15 mol/L to 5.18  0.99 mol/L, respectively. In addition, miR-153 also reduced the effect of these drugs on SMMC-7721, BEL-7402 or Hu7 cell; and it also reduced the effects of @entity2857 , @entity2879 and @entity1311 on anchor-independent growth of HepG2 cells. Over-expression of miR-153 down-regulated the activity of @entity2879 and @entity1311 on cell cycle arrest of HepG2 cells and the effect of @entity2857 on the invasion and migration of HepG2 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-153 also enhanced growth of HepG2, MHCC-97H, MHCC-97 L and L-02 cells. These results show that overexpression of miR-153 protects HepG2 cells against the effects of these chemotherapeutic drugs via multiple mechanisms, and miR-153 may be a novel target for @entity157 in future diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

title: MiRNA153 Reduces Effects of Chemotherapeutic Agents or Small Molecular Kinase Inhibitor in XXXX Cells.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['Sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['Etoposide']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['HCC']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3745 (Tg), the major thyroidal protein, plays important roles in thyroid hormone biosynthesis and in @entity1669 ( @entity1669 ). Tg also serves as a pre- and postoperative biomarker of @entity259 ( @entity259 ). The endogenous b-galactoside binding lectin @entity14813 ( @entity14813 ), secreted by transformed thyroid cells, has been shown to be another useful biomarker of @entity259 . Tg contains @entity1112 that can serve as binding epitopes of @entity14813 . The objective of the study is to investigate the interaction between Tg and @entity14813 and discuss its potential consequences. METHODS: Binding interaction between Tg and @entity14813 was first studied by hemagglutination inhibition assays. Subsequently, a detailed analysis of binding thermodynamics was carried out by isothermal titration calorimetry. Quantitative precipitation was performed to study the complex formation between Tg and @entity14813 and to determine the binding stoichiometry. The concentration-dependent rate and amount of complex formation between Tg and @entity14813 was examined spectrophotometrically. A similar approach was taken to study the effect of free Tg and @entity14813 on preformed Tg- @entity14813 complex. RESULTS: Quantitative biochemical and biophysical data show that these two biomarkers produced by @entity259 cells interact with each other with submicromolar affinity and form an insoluble complex at their stoichiometric concentration. One Tg molecule could bind up to 14 molecules of @entity14813 . Such complex formation mutually sequestered both Tg and @entity14813 , decreasing the concentration of their freely available forms. Formation of the Tg- @entity14813 complex was reversible as the preformed complex was dissolved by free Tg as well as free @entity14813 . While free Tg rapidly dissolved preformed Tg- @entity14813 complex in a concentration-dependent manner, @entity14813 was found to be much less efficient and slowly dissolved only a fraction of the preformed complex at a relatively higher @entity14813 concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Complex formation between Tg and @entity14813 through high affinity binding and the sensitivity of the complex to free Tg and @entity14813 can potentially influence their biological functions. Interactions between Tg and @entity14813 might also interfere with their clinical detection, the same way Tg autoantibody (TgAb) is reported to interfere with Tg assays. The data support a model of @entity14813 -mediated homeostatic process of Tg.

title: Glycan-Dependent Mutual and Reversible Sequestration of Two XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroid diseases', 'AITD']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['covalently linked complex-type glycans']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['DTC', 'thyroid cancer', 'differentiated thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Thyroid Cancer Biomarkers']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Validation study. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the most valid, reliable, and comprehensible response scale for spinal @entity130 @entity1 to compare their current level of function and health with their preinjury state. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: In the context of a main project of the AOSpine Knowledge Forum @entity130 to develop a disease-specific outcome instrument for adult spinal @entity130 @entity1 , the need to identify a response scale that uniquely reflects the degree to which a spine @entity130 @entity1 has returned to his or her preinjury state is crucial. METHODS: In the first phase, 3 different question formats and 3 different response formats were investigated in a questionnaire, which was administered twice. Based on the results of the first phase, in the second phase, a modified questionnaire was administered once to a second group of @entity1 to investigate 5 different response formats: 0-10 Numeric Rating Scale-11, 0-100 Numeric Rating Scale-101, Visual Analogue Scale, Verbal Rating Scale, and Adjective Scale. All @entity1 were interviewed in a semistructured fashion to identify their preferences. Multiple statistical analyses were performed: test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and discriminant validity. RESULTS: Twenty eligible @entity1 were enrolled in the first phase and 59 in the second phase. The initial phase revealed the highest preference for 1 specific question format (60.0% and 86.7% after the first and second administration of the questionnaire, respectively). The second phase showed the Verbal Rating Scale as the most preferred response format (35.6%). The semistructured interviews revealed that overall, a subgroup of @entity1 preferred a verbal response format (42.4%), and another group of @entity1 preferred a numerical response format (49.1%). The statistical analysis showed good to excellent psychometric properties for all formats. CONCLUSION: The most preferred question and response formats were identified for use in a disease-specific outcome instrument for spinal @entity130 @entity1 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: Toward a Specific Outcome Instrument for Spinal XXXX : How to Measure Function and Health.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'Trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Investigate the incidence of @entity15 during 1953-2013 and estimate the prevalence rate of @entity15 on 1 January 2003 and 2013 in Hordaland County, Western Norway. METHODS: All @entity1 with onset of disease in Hordaland 1953-2013 were identified in files from previous studies until 2003 and from @entity1 records at the departments of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital and Haugesund Hospital during 2003-2013. 1558 @entity1 were assessed and 1402 of these were included, of whom 1035 were alive and living in Hordaland at prevalence day 1 January 2013. Annual incidence rates were calculated for 1953-2013. RESULTS: On 1 January 2003, the crude prevalence rate was 191/100   000 population and on 1 January 2013, the crude prevalence rate was 211.4 (95% CI 198.3 to 224.2) per 100   000; 270.9 (95% CI 250.6 to 292.3) for @entity1 and 151.8 (95% CI 136.8 to 167.9) for @entity1 . Prevalence peaked at ages 55-59   years for @entity1 and 60-64   years for @entity1 . The annual incidence rate increased from 1.9 (95% CI 1.2 to 2.6) per 100   000 during 1953-1957 to 7.2 (95% CI 6.0 to 8.5) during 1978-1982 and to 8.5 (95% CI 7.3 to 9.7) during 2003-2007, thus indicating a stabilising incidence over the past 35   years. The female/male ratio ranged from 1.2:1 to 1.8:1 (p=0.381) during the period. CONCLUSIONS: Stabilising rather than increasing incidence combined with the stable female/male ratio are indicative of non-fluctuating environmental factors in a geographical area otherwise characterised by lack of @entity560 effective sun exposure. The rising prevalence of @entity15 could result from improved survival and follow-up methodology.

title: A 60-year follow-up of the incidence and prevalence of XXXX in Hordaland County, Western Norway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: AIM: Primary @entity706 (PTL) is an uncommon and aggressive form of extranodal @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). We aimed to analyse the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of our PTL cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review was made of the medical records of 339 @entity1893 @entity1 who were treated in the Medical Oncology Department between January 2005 and December 2013. RESULTS: 8 PTL @entity1 were identified from the 339 @entity1893 @entity1 . The average age of the @entity1 was 67.7    7.9 years (range 53-79 years). The mean follow-up time was 24.8 months (range 7-98 months). Inguinal orchiectomy was performed as a diagnostic and initial therapy and all the @entity1 underwent 4-6 cycles of chemoimmunotherapy consisting of @entity786 , @entity632 , @entity1891 and @entity229 plus rituximab. 4 of 8 @entity1 received intrathecal prophylactic chemotherapy and 6 of 8 @entity1 continued contralateral testis irradiation. Relapse occured in only 1 @entity1 in central nervous system after 6 months who had not received intrathecal prophylaxis. No contralateral testis relapse was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Primary @entity1893 is an uncommon entity and we evaluated 8 @entity1 ; with one relapse in central nervous system and no relapse in the contralateral testis.

title: Primary XXXX : a single centre experience.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['testicular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL', 'testicular NHL']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['testicular lymphoma']


abstract: Cholinergic precursors increasing choline availability and acetylcholine synthesis/release may represent a therapeutic approach for countering @entity73 occurring in adult-onset @entity303 . Choline alphoscerate (alpha-gliceryl-phosphoryl-choline, @entity71674 ) is among cholinergic precursors the most effective in enhancing acetylcholine biosynthesis and release in animal models. This study was designed to assess if a long-term treatment with @entity71674 modify cerebrovascular components [perivascular astrocytes, blood-brain barrier (BBB) and microvessels] and endothelial inflammatory markers expression in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR) used as a model of @entity1545 . Male SHR aged 32 weeks and age-matched normotensive @entity35 -Kyoto @entity35 were treated for 4 weeks with @entity71674 (150 mg/kg/day) or a vehicle. Intracerebral arteries of different brain areas, perivascular astrocytes, BBB and endothelial inflammatory markers were assessed by quantitative morphological and immunohistochemical techniques. No significant changes in the size of perivascular astrocytes were observed in SHR versus normotensive @entity35 -Kyoto @entity35 , whereas the expression of the BBB marker @entity6096 increased in SHR. This phenomenon was countered by @entity71674 treatment. On the contrary, @entity71674 has no vasodilator effect on brain micro-vessels. Endothelial markers and vascular adhesion molecules expression were not homogeneously affected by @entity101 and @entity71674 treatment in intracerebral vessels. The observation that treatment with @entity71674 reversed BBB changes and countered to some extent micro-vessels changes occurring in SHR could explain data of clinical trials reporting an improvement of cognitive function in subjects suffering from @entity1504 and treated with @entity71674 . These preclinical data suggest that the compound could have a cerebrovascular protective effect deserving a further characterization.

title: Cerebrovascular and blood-brain barrier morphology in spontaneously XXXX @entity35 : effect of treatment with choline alphoscerate.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia disorders']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disorders']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: Cholinergic precursors increasing choline availability and acetylcholine synthesis/release may represent a therapeutic approach for countering @entity73 occurring in adult-onset @entity303 . Choline alphoscerate (alpha-gliceryl-phosphoryl-choline, @entity71674 ) is among cholinergic precursors the most effective in enhancing acetylcholine biosynthesis and release in animal models. This study was designed to assess if a long-term treatment with @entity71674 modify cerebrovascular components [perivascular astrocytes, blood-brain barrier (BBB) and microvessels] and endothelial inflammatory markers expression in spontaneously @entity101 @entity35 (SHR) used as a model of @entity1545 . Male SHR aged 32 weeks and age-matched normotensive @entity35 -Kyoto @entity35 were treated for 4 weeks with @entity71674 (150 mg/kg/day) or a vehicle. Intracerebral arteries of different brain areas, perivascular astrocytes, BBB and endothelial inflammatory markers were assessed by quantitative morphological and immunohistochemical techniques. No significant changes in the size of perivascular astrocytes were observed in SHR versus normotensive @entity35 -Kyoto @entity35 , whereas the expression of the BBB marker @entity6096 increased in SHR. This phenomenon was countered by @entity71674 treatment. On the contrary, @entity71674 has no vasodilator effect on brain micro-vessels. Endothelial markers and vascular adhesion molecules expression were not homogeneously affected by @entity101 and @entity71674 treatment in intracerebral vessels. The observation that treatment with @entity71674 reversed BBB changes and countered to some extent micro-vessels changes occurring in SHR could explain data of clinical trials reporting an improvement of cognitive function in subjects suffering from @entity1504 and treated with @entity71674 . These preclinical data suggest that the compound could have a cerebrovascular protective effect deserving a further characterization.

title: Cerebrovascular and blood-brain barrier morphology in spontaneously @entity101 XXXX : effect of treatment with choline alphoscerate.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Our previous studies have demonstrated that addition of moderate volumes of absolute @entity167 (34-170 mM final concentration) to whole blood produces concentration-dependent @entity1423 , due to release of @entity857 ( @entity857 ) from erythrocytes. We have now investigated the effects of exposure of blood to @entity1068 by a more "physiologic" protocol, in which 7.8% (w/v) @entity167 is added to achieve a final concentration of 1 to 85 mM in @entity1 and @entity35 blood or platelet rich plasma ( @entity16447 ). The effects of short incubation with @entity167 on @entity1423 induced by @entity857 , collagen and @entity1426 were examined by the impedance method of aggregometry. Aggregation induced by collagen in @entity16447 of either species was significantly inhibited by 85 mM @entity1068 , with concentrations as low as 4.25 mM inhibiting the response to collagen in @entity35 whole blood. @entity857 stimulated only primary, reversible aggregation in @entity35 @entity16447 and whole blood, and these responses were unaffected by @entity167 . @entity1 platelets responded to @entity857 with irreversible aggregation, which was significantly attenuated by 85 mM @entity1068 in whole blood but not @entity16447 . @entity1426 evoked irreversible @entity1423 in all four preparations; this was significantly inhibited by the high dose @entity1068 in @entity1 and @entity35 @entity16447 , but not whole blood. In contrast to our earlier studies with absolute @entity1068 , there was no evidence of @entity2142 (and therefore, @entity857 release from red blood cells) using the current protocol. The results of these experiments show that @entity167 , at physiologically relevant concentrations, has an inhibitory effect on secondary @entity1423 responses to some agonists in whole blood as well as @entity16447 , possibly by its previously demonstrated effects on @entity1426 release by phospholipases. The possibility remains to be considered that other blood cells might contribute to the effects of @entity167 on @entity1423 in whole blood.

title: Inhibition of @entity1423 in whole blood by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['Arachidonic acid', 'arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['ADP', 'adenosine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: Our previous studies have demonstrated that addition of moderate volumes of absolute @entity167 (34-170 mM final concentration) to whole blood produces concentration-dependent @entity1423 , due to release of @entity857 ( @entity857 ) from erythrocytes. We have now investigated the effects of exposure of blood to @entity1068 by a more "physiologic" protocol, in which 7.8% (w/v) @entity167 is added to achieve a final concentration of 1 to 85 mM in @entity1 and @entity35 blood or platelet rich plasma ( @entity16447 ). The effects of short incubation with @entity167 on @entity1423 induced by @entity857 , collagen and @entity1426 were examined by the impedance method of aggregometry. Aggregation induced by collagen in @entity16447 of either species was significantly inhibited by 85 mM @entity1068 , with concentrations as low as 4.25 mM inhibiting the response to collagen in @entity35 whole blood. @entity857 stimulated only primary, reversible aggregation in @entity35 @entity16447 and whole blood, and these responses were unaffected by @entity167 . @entity1 platelets responded to @entity857 with irreversible aggregation, which was significantly attenuated by 85 mM @entity1068 in whole blood but not @entity16447 . @entity1426 evoked irreversible @entity1423 in all four preparations; this was significantly inhibited by the high dose @entity1068 in @entity1 and @entity35 @entity16447 , but not whole blood. In contrast to our earlier studies with absolute @entity1068 , there was no evidence of @entity2142 (and therefore, @entity857 release from red blood cells) using the current protocol. The results of these experiments show that @entity167 , at physiologically relevant concentrations, has an inhibitory effect on secondary @entity1423 responses to some agonists in whole blood as well as @entity16447 , possibly by its previously demonstrated effects on @entity1426 release by phospholipases. The possibility remains to be considered that other blood cells might contribute to the effects of @entity167 on @entity1423 in whole blood.

title: Inhibition of XXXX in whole blood by @entity167 .

answer: @entity1423 :: (MESH:D001791,Disease) :: ['platelet aggregation']


abstract: SUMMARYThe role of trace elements in @entity779 virulence is not yet known. The present study assessed the serum levels of two micronutrients, @entity920 and @entity68 , in cases of @entity779 . The study involved 96 @entity1 of whom 48 had either severe or non-severe forms of @entity779 (with and without warning signs), and the remaining 48 were @entity1 with other febrile illnesses (OFI), used as controls. Serum levels of @entity920 and @entity68 were evaluated at admission and by the time of defervescence using commercially available kits. At admission, no difference in the level of serum @entity920 was observed between cases and controls. In the group of @entity779 cases, the @entity920 level was found to be significantly decreased in severe and non-severe cases with warning signs, compared to non-severe cases without warning signs. In contrast, by the time of defervescence the @entity920 level was found to be increased in all @entity779 cases compared to OFI controls, but no difference was observed among @entity779 cases. Unlike OFI controls, @entity779 cases showed an increasing pattern of @entity920 levels from admission until defervescence. On the other hand, no such significant differences were observed in the serum level of @entity68 in the clinical groups, except for a decreased @entity68 level found in severe cases, compared to non-severe @entity779 without warning signs. The results show that @entity920 is associated with @entity779 severity and this finding emphasizes the need to investigate the involvement of trace elements in disease severity so as to improve the prognosis of @entity779 .

title: SERUM LEVELS OF @entity920 AND XXXX IN DENGUE FEVER.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['dengue fever', 'dengue']

answer: @entity68 :: (MESH:D007501,Chemical) :: ['IRON']


abstract: SUMMARYThe role of trace elements in @entity779 virulence is not yet known. The present study assessed the serum levels of two micronutrients, @entity920 and @entity68 , in cases of @entity779 . The study involved 96 @entity1 of whom 48 had either severe or non-severe forms of @entity779 (with and without warning signs), and the remaining 48 were @entity1 with other febrile illnesses (OFI), used as controls. Serum levels of @entity920 and @entity68 were evaluated at admission and by the time of defervescence using commercially available kits. At admission, no difference in the level of serum @entity920 was observed between cases and controls. In the group of @entity779 cases, the @entity920 level was found to be significantly decreased in severe and non-severe cases with warning signs, compared to non-severe cases without warning signs. In contrast, by the time of defervescence the @entity920 level was found to be increased in all @entity779 cases compared to OFI controls, but no difference was observed among @entity779 cases. Unlike OFI controls, @entity779 cases showed an increasing pattern of @entity920 levels from admission until defervescence. On the other hand, no such significant differences were observed in the serum level of @entity68 in the clinical groups, except for a decreased @entity68 level found in severe cases, compared to non-severe @entity779 without warning signs. The results show that @entity920 is associated with @entity779 severity and this finding emphasizes the need to investigate the involvement of trace elements in disease severity so as to improve the prognosis of @entity779 .

title: SERUM LEVELS OF XXXX AND @entity68 IN DENGUE FEVER.

answer: @entity920 :: (MESH:D003300,Chemical) :: ['COPPER']


abstract: DNA vaccination of transchromosomal @entity291 (TcBs) with DNA vaccines expressing the codon-optimized (co) glycoprotein (GP) genes of Ebola virus (EBOV) and Sudan virus ( @entity71675 ) produce fully human polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) that recognize both viruses and demonstrate robust neutralizing activity. Each TcB was vaccinated by intramuscular electroporation (IM-EP) a total of four times and at each administration received 10 mg of the EBOV-GPco DNA vaccine and 10 mg of the @entity71675 -GPco DNA vaccine at two sites on the left and right sides, respectively. After two vaccinations, robust antibody responses (titers > 1000) were detected by ELISA against whole irradiated EBOV or @entity71675 and recombinant EBOV-GP or @entity71675 -GP (rGP) antigens, with higher titers observed for the rGP antigens. Strong, virus neutralizing antibody responses (titers >1000) were detected after three vaccinations when measured by @entity8310 virus-based pseudovirion neutralization assay (PsVNA). Maximal neutralizing antibody responses were identified by traditional plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) after four vaccinations. Neutralizing activity of human immunoglobulins (IgG) purified from TcB plasma collected after three vaccinations and injected intraperitoneally (IP) into @entity19 at a 100 mg/kg dose was detected in the serum by PsVNA up to 14 days after administration. Passive transfer by IP injection of the purified IgG (100 mg/kg) to groups of BALB/c @entity19 one day after IP challenge with @entity19 adapted (ma) EBOV resulted in 80% protection while all @entity19 treated with non-specific pAbs succumbed. Similarly, interferon receptor 1 knockout ( @entity23668 -/-) @entity19 receiving the purified IgG (100 mg/kg) by IP injection one day after IP challenge with wild type @entity71675 resulted in 89% survival. These results are the first to demonstrate that filovirus GP DNA vaccines administered to TcBs by IM-EP can elicit neutralizing antibodies that provide post-exposure protection. Additionally, these data describe production of fully human IgG in a large animal system, a system which is capable of producing large quantities of a clinical grade therapeutic product.

title: Human Polyclonal Antibodies Produced through DNA Vaccination of Transchromosomal XXXX Provide @entity19 with Post-Exposure Protection against Lethal Zaire and Sudan Ebolaviruses.

entities_list: @entity8310 :: ('MESH:D054243', 'Disease') :: ['vesicular stomatitis']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['Cattle']


abstract: DNA vaccination of transchromosomal @entity291 (TcBs) with DNA vaccines expressing the codon-optimized (co) glycoprotein (GP) genes of Ebola virus (EBOV) and Sudan virus ( @entity71675 ) produce fully human polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) that recognize both viruses and demonstrate robust neutralizing activity. Each TcB was vaccinated by intramuscular electroporation (IM-EP) a total of four times and at each administration received 10 mg of the EBOV-GPco DNA vaccine and 10 mg of the @entity71675 -GPco DNA vaccine at two sites on the left and right sides, respectively. After two vaccinations, robust antibody responses (titers > 1000) were detected by ELISA against whole irradiated EBOV or @entity71675 and recombinant EBOV-GP or @entity71675 -GP (rGP) antigens, with higher titers observed for the rGP antigens. Strong, virus neutralizing antibody responses (titers >1000) were detected after three vaccinations when measured by @entity8310 virus-based pseudovirion neutralization assay (PsVNA). Maximal neutralizing antibody responses were identified by traditional plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) after four vaccinations. Neutralizing activity of human immunoglobulins (IgG) purified from TcB plasma collected after three vaccinations and injected intraperitoneally (IP) into @entity19 at a 100 mg/kg dose was detected in the serum by PsVNA up to 14 days after administration. Passive transfer by IP injection of the purified IgG (100 mg/kg) to groups of BALB/c @entity19 one day after IP challenge with @entity19 adapted (ma) EBOV resulted in 80% protection while all @entity19 treated with non-specific pAbs succumbed. Similarly, interferon receptor 1 knockout ( @entity23668 -/-) @entity19 receiving the purified IgG (100 mg/kg) by IP injection one day after IP challenge with wild type @entity71675 resulted in 89% survival. These results are the first to demonstrate that filovirus GP DNA vaccines administered to TcBs by IM-EP can elicit neutralizing antibodies that provide post-exposure protection. Additionally, these data describe production of fully human IgG in a large animal system, a system which is capable of producing large quantities of a clinical grade therapeutic product.

title: Human Polyclonal Antibodies Produced through DNA Vaccination of Transchromosomal @entity291 Provide XXXX with Post-Exposure Protection against Lethal Zaire and Sudan Ebolaviruses.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Investigations regarding @entity4288 of carotid arteries showed an association between increased intima-media thickness and vascular risk factors. A newly developed three-dimensional ultrasound method increases the reproducibility of plaque volume measurements because more exact volume measurements can be performed with a reduction of the disadvantages of two-dimensional measurements. In a pilot study the influence of vascular risk factors on carotid artery plaque progression was examined. METHODS: Volumes of @entity731 plaques in carotid arteries in 54 @entity1 were measured with a three-dimensional ultrasound system during a 12-month period to determine the relationship between progression or regression of plaque volume, vascular risk factors, dose of @entity117 , and flow turbulence in the plaque region. RESULTS: A progression of plaque volume occurred in 67% (36/54) of all plaques. In no plaque was a regression of plaque volume seen. The optimal adjustment of all risk factors showed a significant influence on plaque progression (r = .31). Diastolic blood pressure was the strongest predictor of plaque progression (P < .01), followed by @entity6 (P < .03). Turbulence in the plaque region was found in 78% of the @entity1 in the progression group (n = 36) versus 61% in the nonprogression group (n = 18) but was not significant. Dose of @entity117 (100 mg versus 250/300 mg) had no influence on plaque volume after 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of vascular risk factors reduces the progression of carotid artery plaque volume in three-dimensional ultrasound. The most important factor for plaque progression is a high diastolic blood pressure. Turbulence in the flow pattern and the examined doses of @entity117 showed no significant influence.

title: Influence of vascular risk factors for XXXX carotid artery plaque progression.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic']


abstract: Various environmental signals integrate into a network of floral regulatory genes leading to the final decision on when to flower. Although a wealth of qualitative knowledge is available on how flowering time genes regulate each other, only a few studies incorporated this knowledge into predictive models. Such models are invaluable as they enable to investigate how various types of inputs are combined to give a quantitative readout. To investigate the effect of gene expression disturbances on flowering time, we developed a dynamic model for the regulation of flowering time in @entity958 . Model parameters were estimated based on expression time-courses for relevant genes, and a consistent set of flowering times for plants of various genetic backgrounds. Validation was performed by predicting changes in expression level in mutant backgrounds and comparing these predictions with independent expression data, and by comparison of predicted and experimental flowering times for several double mutants. Remarkably, the model predicts that a disturbance in a particular gene has not necessarily the largest impact on directly connected genes. For example, the model predicts that SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS ( @entity25530 ) mutation has a larger impact on @entity29398 ( @entity29398 ), which is not directly regulated by @entity25530 , compared to its effect on @entity16471 (LFY) which is under direct control of @entity25530 . This was confirmed by expression data. Another model prediction involves the importance of cooperativity in the regulation of @entity29398 ( @entity29398 ) by LFY, a prediction supported by experimental evidence. Concluding, our model for flowering time gene regulation enables to address how different quantitative inputs are combined into one quantitative output, flowering time.

title: A quantitative and dynamic model of the XXXX flowering time gene regulatory network.

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity25306 (OM) can be metabolized to @entity22970 in gastrointestinal ileocecal valve after oral administration, which affects pharmacological activity and reduce bioavailability of OM. A type of multiple-unit alginate-chitosan (Alg-Cs) floating beads was prepared by the ionotropic gelation method for gastroretention delivery of OM. A solid dispersion technique was applied and incorporated into beads to enhance the OM encapsulation efficiency (EE) and sustain the drug release. The surface morphology and internal hollow structure of beads were evaluated using optical microscopy and @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ). The developed Alg-Cs beads were spherical in shape with hollow internal structure and had particle size of 3.49        0.09   mm and 1.33        0.09   mm for wet and dried beads. Over 84% of the optimized OM solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs beads were able to continuously float over the simulated gastric fluid for 12   h in vitro. The OM solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs beads showed drug EE of 67.07%, which was much higher than that of beads loading with pure OM. Compared with the immediate release of OM capsules and pure OM-loaded beads, the release of OM from solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs beads was in a sustained-release manner for 12   h. Prolonged @entity356 time of over 8.5   h was achieved for OM solid dispersion-loaded Alg-Cs floating beads in healthy @entity95 in in vivo floating ability evaluated by X-ray imaging. The developed Alg-Cs beads loading with OM solid dispersion displayed excellent performance features characterized by excellent gastric floating ability, high drug EE and sustained-release pattern. The study illustrated the potential use of Alg-Cs floating beads combined with the solid dispersion technique for prolonging @entity356 and sustaining release of OM, which could provide a promising drug delivery system for gastric-specific delivery of OM for bioavailability enhancement.

title: Development and evaluation of alginate-chitosan gastric floating beads loading with XXXX solid dispersion.

entities_list: @entity25306 :: ('MESH:C037573', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxymatrine']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric retention']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'scanning electron microscopy']

answer: @entity25306 :: (MESH:C037573,Chemical) :: ['oxymatrine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The diagnostic criteria for @entity465 ( @entity465 ) are continuously evolving. Here we investigated the clinical and molecular significance of different @entity32 ( @entity32 ) scores in transplant kidney biopsies. A total of 356 @entity1 with clinically indicated kidney transplant biopsies were classified into three groups based on @entity32 scores of 0, 1, 2, or more for Groups 1-3, respectively. Gene expression profiles were assessed using arrays on a representative subset of 93 @entity1 . The incidence of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies was increased from 25% in Group 1 to 36% in Group 2 and to 54% in Group 3. Acute and chronic @entity465 were significantly more frequent in Group 3 (15% and 35%) compared with the Group 2 (3% and 15%) and Group 1 (0% and 5%), respectively. Gene expression profiles showed increased interferon-y and rejection-induced, cytotoxic and regulatory T-cell, natural killer cell-associated and donor-specific antibody (DSA)-selective transcripts in Group 3 compared with Groups 1 and 2. There was no significant difference in gene expression profiles between the Groups 1 and 2. Increased intragraft expression of DSA-selective transcripts was found in the biopsies of C4d- Group 3 @entity1 . Thus, an @entity32 score of 2 or more was significantly associated with a histological diagnosis of acute and chronic @entity465 . Hence, increased intragraft DSA-selective gene transcripts may be used as molecular markers for @entity465 , especially in C4d- biopsies.Kidney International advance online publication, 30 September 2015; doi:10.1038/ki.2015.276.

title: Clinical and molecular significance of XXXX in transplant kidney biopsies.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['MVI', 'Banff microvascular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['AMR', 'antibody-mediated rejection']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['microvascular inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chitotriosidase has been found to be useful as a @entity370 biomarker. In @entity1 with better outcome lower values were observed. Some subjects have 24-base pair duplication in the chitotriosidase gene ( @entity32875 ) that results in the production of inactive enzyme. This might influence the outcome of @entity370 and account for described observations. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to correlate common @entity32875 duplication polymorphism and clinical outcome status in @entity370 (COS). METHODS: This retrospective study comprised 180 @entity1 with @entity370 . COS at 3, 5 and 10 years was determined and correlated with @entity32875 24-base pair duplication polymorphism. @entity32875 genotyping was done by the PCR method. RESULTS: There was no significant correlation between @entity32875 24-base pair duplication polymorphism and COS at 3, 5 or 10 years but a subgroup analysis showed higher frequency of @entity1 with @entity244 (50% vs. 17.1%) and better COS in @entity32875 24-base pair duplication homozygotes vs. all other subjects in major COS groups (no, minimal and persistent disease) at 3 years (p=0.025) and borderline significant at 5 years (p = 0.090). CONCLUSIONS: In this study no correlation between @entity32875 24-base pair duplication polymorphism and COS was shown, but possible protective role of homozygous condition for @entity32875 24-base pair duplication polymorphism is suggested.

title: Common chitotriosidase duplication gene polymorphism and clinical outcome status in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Loefgren's syndrome"]

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['sarcoidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3130 and @entity2416 demonstrate significant morbidity and mortality. Predicting disease progression is challenging in both diseases.   OBJECTIVES: We sought a serum biomarker that could identify @entity1 with @entity3130 or @entity2416 and prospectively predict short-term decline in lung function in these @entity1 .   METHODS: 10 healthy controls, 5 SSc w/o @entity3130 , 6 @entity3130 and 13 @entity2416 @entity1 underwent venesection. An array of cytokines including @entity2355 , @entity9914 and @entity1917 were measured.   PFTs were obtained at baseline and six months. Cytokine measurements were correlated with PFTs.   RESULTS: @entity2355 in @entity2416 @entity1 (633ng/ml, IQR 492-1675) was significantly elevated compared to controls (198ng/ml, IQR 52-360, p<0.01) and SSc w/o @entity3130 @entity1 (192ng/ml, IQR 0-524, p<0.05); @entity2355 in @entity3130 @entity1 (836ng/ml, IQR 431-1303) was significantly higher than in controls (p<0.05). @entity9914 was significantly higher in @entity2416 @entity1 (542ng/ml, IQR 305-577) compared to controls (137ng/ml, IQR 97-284, p<0.01) or to SSc w/o @entity3130 @entity1 (169ng/ml, IQR 137-219, p<0.05). In comparison with controls (0.0ng/ml, IQR 0.0-0.6), @entity1917 was significantly higher in both @entity2416 @entity1 (2.85ng/ml, IQR 1.5-3.6, p<0.05) and @entity3130 @entity1 (5.41ng/ml, IQR 2.6-7.2, p<0.001). Using a cut-off level of 459ng/ml for @entity2355 and of 1.28ng/ml for @entity1917 , 18 out of 19 @entity1 with @entity3130 had a serum value of either @entity2355 or @entity1917 above these thresholds. For all @entity3130 patients, baseline serum @entity9914 correlated with   FVC %pred over six months (r=-0.63, p=0.005, 95% CI -0.85 to -0.24).   CONCLUSIONS: Combining @entity2355 with @entity1917 may be a useful screening tool for @entity1 at risk of @entity3130 . @entity9914 may predict short-term decline in lung function.

title: Biomarkers to identify XXXX and predict lung function decline in scleroderma lung disease or @entity2416 .

answer: @entity3130 :: (MESH:C562470,Disease) :: ['ILD']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3130 and @entity2416 demonstrate significant morbidity and mortality. Predicting disease progression is challenging in both diseases.   OBJECTIVES: We sought a serum biomarker that could identify @entity1 with @entity3130 or @entity2416 and prospectively predict short-term decline in lung function in these @entity1 .   METHODS: 10 healthy controls, 5 SSc w/o @entity3130 , 6 @entity3130 and 13 @entity2416 @entity1 underwent venesection. An array of cytokines including @entity2355 , @entity9914 and @entity1917 were measured.   PFTs were obtained at baseline and six months. Cytokine measurements were correlated with PFTs.   RESULTS: @entity2355 in @entity2416 @entity1 (633ng/ml, IQR 492-1675) was significantly elevated compared to controls (198ng/ml, IQR 52-360, p<0.01) and SSc w/o @entity3130 @entity1 (192ng/ml, IQR 0-524, p<0.05); @entity2355 in @entity3130 @entity1 (836ng/ml, IQR 431-1303) was significantly higher than in controls (p<0.05). @entity9914 was significantly higher in @entity2416 @entity1 (542ng/ml, IQR 305-577) compared to controls (137ng/ml, IQR 97-284, p<0.01) or to SSc w/o @entity3130 @entity1 (169ng/ml, IQR 137-219, p<0.05). In comparison with controls (0.0ng/ml, IQR 0.0-0.6), @entity1917 was significantly higher in both @entity2416 @entity1 (2.85ng/ml, IQR 1.5-3.6, p<0.05) and @entity3130 @entity1 (5.41ng/ml, IQR 2.6-7.2, p<0.001). Using a cut-off level of 459ng/ml for @entity2355 and of 1.28ng/ml for @entity1917 , 18 out of 19 @entity1 with @entity3130 had a serum value of either @entity2355 or @entity1917 above these thresholds. For all @entity3130 patients, baseline serum @entity9914 correlated with   FVC %pred over six months (r=-0.63, p=0.005, 95% CI -0.85 to -0.24).   CONCLUSIONS: Combining @entity2355 with @entity1917 may be a useful screening tool for @entity1 at risk of @entity3130 . @entity9914 may predict short-term decline in lung function.

title: Biomarkers to identify @entity3130 and predict lung function decline in scleroderma lung disease or XXXX .

answer: @entity2416 :: (MESH:D054990,Disease) :: ['idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']


abstract: AIM: One of the most promising strategies for the treatment of @entity409 is targeted drug delivery via the @entity34049 ( @entity34049 ). The success of this approach heavily depends on the @entity34049 expression level on parenchymal liver cells. In this study, we assessed the mRNA and protein expression levels of the major receptor subunit, @entity34049 , in hepatocytes both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: In vitro, various @entity96 -derived cell lines were evaluated. In vivo, we screened the @entity34049 mRNA on 59 @entity157 and matched non-neoplastic tissue using RNA microarray. In addition, 350 @entity1 liver specimens of @entity1 with @entity157 or non-neoplastic @entity409 were screened for @entity34049 protein level using tissue microarray analysis. RESULTS: Our data reveal that the @entity34049 mRNA expression directly correlates with the protein level. We demonstrate that the @entity34049 expression is upregulated in cirrhotic specimens and is significantly decreased with increasing @entity157 grade. CONCLUSIONS: Since the @entity34049 expression levels are variable between @entity1 , our findings suggest that @entity34049 -based targeting strategies should be combined with @entity34049 -companion diagnostics to maximize clinical benefit. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Variable asialoglycoprotein-receptor 1 expression in XXXX : Implications for therapeutic intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity34049 :: ('432', 'Gene') :: ['asialoglycoprotein receptor', 'ASGR1', 'ASGPR']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1887 (AI) can occur after unilateral adrenalectomy for adrenal-dependent @entity699 . Postoperative glucocorticoid replacement (GR), although given routinely, may not be necessary. We sought to identify factors that, in combination with postoperative day 1 cosyntropin stimulation testing ( @entity773 -CST), would predict the need for GR. METHODS: We reviewed 31 consecutive @entity1 who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy for @entity699 (study @entity1 ) or @entity1368 (control @entity1 ). A standard @entity773 -CST protocol was used. @entity701 was started for clinical evidence of AI, basal plasma @entity701  <=5 ( g/dL), or a stimulated plasma @entity701 <18. RESULTS: A normal @entity773 -CST was found in all nine control @entity1 and 11 of 22 @entity1 (50%) with @entity699 ; the other 11 study @entity1 (50%) received GR based on the @entity773 -CST. These @entity1 were younger (51 vs 62  years; P  =  .017), had a higher body mass index (BMI; 31 vs 29  kg/m(2)), and smaller @entity4304 (16.9 vs 33.0  g; P  =  .009) than non-GR study @entity1 . CONCLUSION: After unilateral adrenalectomy for @entity699 , only 50% of @entity1 received GR. No preoperative biochemical characteristics were associated with postoperative AI, although @entity1 who received GR were younger, and tended to have a higher BMI and smaller adrenal nodules. Use of this novel protocol for postoperative dynamic adrenal function testing prevented unnecessary GR in 50% of @entity1 and allowed for individualized @entity1 care.

title: Cosyntropin stimulation testing on postoperative day 1 allows for selective glucocorticoid replacement therapy after adrenalectomy for XXXX : Results of a novel, multidisciplinary institutional protocol.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['Secondary adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's syndrome", 'hypercortisolism']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol', 'Hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity1368 :: ('MESH:D006929', 'Disease') :: ['hyperaldosteronism']

entities_list: @entity4304 :: ('MESH:D000310', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal neoplasms']

answer: @entity699 :: (MESH:D003480,Disease) :: ['hypercortisolism']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Background: Adolescent @entity28 is a @entity102 that is impacted from each @entity1 's biopsychosocial milieu. Successfully treating @entity4806 requires long-term, innovative, systematic involvement to facilitate @entity1 and family engagement and change. Methods: Extensive chart review was done for three @entity28 adolescents who underwent comprehensive weight management in an adolescent clinic seen within the past 5 years. The charts were reviewed starting from the time of initial contact through the last visit in the clinic. The @entity1 are no longer receiving care within the clinic. Results: The @entity1 presented with BMI>99th percentile, family history of @entity28 , severe @entity2673 , and multiple @entity28 -related comorbidities. Their treatment involved comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention in an adolescent weight management clinic within a tertiary care center. In addition to rigorous support through frequent office visits, these @entity1 all eventually required temporary, alternative living arrangements to successfully implement recommendations. One @entity1 resided with another family member; two went to inpatient weight management program care for 2-3 months. All subjects successfully lost weight when away from their primary residence, and they demonstrated improvement or resolution of comorbidities. Conclusions: This case series of three adolescents who underwent comprehensive @entity28 evaluation and treatment demonstrates multidisciplinary care across interconnected treatment programs and active engagement of family. Those who maintained successful weight loss reduced sedentary time, demonstrated family support (e.g., key members attending follow-up visits), and altered their living environment and were committed to their own health goals.

title: XXXX and treatment of three adolescents: a case series.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity4806 :: ('MESH:D063766', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric obesity']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity2673 :: ('MESH:C535569', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial stressors']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Comprehensive obesity evaluation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Various techniques for lengthening short columellae have been used for bilateral @entity2419 repair. However, previous methods have not yielded satisfactory results. We performed a full-thickness skin graft to lengthen short columellae during secondary @entity2419 repair in adult @entity1 . METHODS: Ten bilateral cleft @entity38574 and nose @entity1 underwent secondary cheiloplasty with open rhinoplasty between July 2008 and August 2014. The @entity1 underwent a full-thickness skin graft on the medial crura to elongate the columella. The average age of the @entity1 at the time of surgery was 22.2 years. Nasal profiles were evaluated before and after the operation using the photogrammetric method. RESULTS: The nasal profiles were improved in all @entity1 , and all skin grafts were well taken, with the exception of one @entity1 . Columellar height, nostril height, and columella- @entity38574 angle increased, and nasal width decreased significantly. The ratios of columellar height to nasal height, columellar height to nasal width, and nasal height to nasal width increased to a statistically significant extent. CONCLUSIONS: Columella lengthening with a full-thickness skin graft is a simple and effective method for the repair of severely short columellae in bilateral @entity2419 @entity1 . We had satisfactory outcomes, with good color matching and aesthetically pleasing contours.

title: Columella Lengthening with a Full-Thickness Skin Graft for Secondary Bilateral Cleft XXXX and Nose Repair.

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['cleft nose']

answer: @entity38574 :: (23049,Gene) :: ['Lip']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are frequently elevated in @entity28 @entity1 and are most likely to be associated with @entity2690 resistance. However, clinical relevance of this association remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of hyperthyrotropinemia; to analyze the relationship between TSH and homeostasis model assessment - @entity2690 resistance (HOMA-IR); and to verify whether TSH levels and HOMA-IR vary with @entity353 in @entity28 @entity1 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Retrospective longitudinal study with data from baseline and 1 year after lifestyle intervention in a pediatric @entity28 group (344 @entity1 were recruited and 100 among them completed follow-up). For postintervention analysis, three groups were considered according to body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI- @entity214 ) variations:  <=-0.5 (significant @entity353 ); 0.5-0 ( @entity353 ); and >0 ( @entity1017 ). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0  . RESULTS: The prevalence of increased TSH levels was 9.3%. At baseline TSH (p=0.007), fT4 (p=0.006), and HOMA-IR (p<0.001) were positively correlated to BMI- @entity214 (n=344). Weight reduction was verified in 67 out of 100 cases but significant loss was present in only 21 cases. Decreases in both TSH and BMI- @entity214 were independently associated with decreases in HOMA-IR (p=0.005 and p=0.016, respectively). There was no correlation between TSH and BMI- @entity214 variation. Significant decreases in the HOMA-IR (p=0.006) were only achieved in the significant @entity353 group. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of hyperthyrotropinemia was lower than previously reported. However, cutoff values were adjusted to pubertal stage, suggesting an over report in other studies. @entity2690 resistance and TSH were positively correlated, independent of body status. Although @entity353 was not associated with TSH variation, a decrease in TSH levels was independently associated with decreases in HOMA-IR.

title: XXXX , thyroid function, and @entity2690 resistance - is there a link? A longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Childhood obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are frequently elevated in @entity28 @entity1 and are most likely to be associated with @entity2690 resistance. However, clinical relevance of this association remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of hyperthyrotropinemia; to analyze the relationship between TSH and homeostasis model assessment - @entity2690 resistance (HOMA-IR); and to verify whether TSH levels and HOMA-IR vary with @entity353 in @entity28 @entity1 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Retrospective longitudinal study with data from baseline and 1 year after lifestyle intervention in a pediatric @entity28 group (344 @entity1 were recruited and 100 among them completed follow-up). For postintervention analysis, three groups were considered according to body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI- @entity214 ) variations:  <=-0.5 (significant @entity353 ); 0.5-0 ( @entity353 ); and >0 ( @entity1017 ). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0  . RESULTS: The prevalence of increased TSH levels was 9.3%. At baseline TSH (p=0.007), fT4 (p=0.006), and HOMA-IR (p<0.001) were positively correlated to BMI- @entity214 (n=344). Weight reduction was verified in 67 out of 100 cases but significant loss was present in only 21 cases. Decreases in both TSH and BMI- @entity214 were independently associated with decreases in HOMA-IR (p=0.005 and p=0.016, respectively). There was no correlation between TSH and BMI- @entity214 variation. Significant decreases in the HOMA-IR (p=0.006) were only achieved in the significant @entity353 group. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of hyperthyrotropinemia was lower than previously reported. However, cutoff values were adjusted to pubertal stage, suggesting an over report in other studies. @entity2690 resistance and TSH were positively correlated, independent of body status. Although @entity353 was not associated with TSH variation, a decrease in TSH levels was independently associated with decreases in HOMA-IR.

title: @entity28 , thyroid function, and XXXX resistance - is there a link? A longitudinal study.

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: Recent taxonomic reexamination of @entity5125 strains as defined in the 8th edition of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology allowed to distinguish 5 species among these strains: @entity5125 , L. innocua, @entity22920 , @entity16086 , and @entity16985 . As till now only the behaviour of the species @entity5125 , L. innocua, and @entity22920 towards bacteriophages was characterized, the present study aimed at the search for phages occurring on these two new species and to determine their lytic activities towards representative strains of the whole genus. Seven different bacteriophages were isolated from the culture filtrates of 45 strains of @entity16985 , whereas only one phage was obtained from the filtrates of 17 strains of @entity16086 . No phage was isolated from the filtrates of @entity15590 and @entity15590 strains with our methods. The phage preparations proved stable over a period of 6 to 12 months with titers ranging from 7 X 10(8) to 5 X 10(10). By use of a set of lytic phages which contained in addition to the eight new phages from @entity16086 and @entity16985 23 known phages from @entity5125 , L. innocua, and @entity22920 , 511 selected strains, originating from various sources, especially environment (125 strains), and belonging to all species of Listeria, were studied. 345 (68%) of the 511 strains could be assigned to a lysovar by means of the extended set. The eight new phages showed genus- and serogroup specificity but did not present species-specific reactions. The strains of @entity15590 and @entity15590 were untypable using these 31 phages. No relationship between lysovar and serovar on the one side and host and geographic source on the other side was apparent.

title: [Isolation of Listeria seeligeri and XXXX bacteriophages. Lysotyping of @entity5125 , L. ivanovii, L. innocua, @entity16985 and @entity16086 ].

entities_list: @entity5125 :: ('1639', 'Species') :: ['Listeria monocytogenes', 'L. monocytogenes']

answer: @entity16086 :: (1643,Species) :: ['L. welshimeri']


abstract: Recent taxonomic reexamination of @entity5125 strains as defined in the 8th edition of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology allowed to distinguish 5 species among these strains: @entity5125 , L. innocua, @entity22920 , @entity16086 , and @entity16985 . As till now only the behaviour of the species @entity5125 , L. innocua, and @entity22920 towards bacteriophages was characterized, the present study aimed at the search for phages occurring on these two new species and to determine their lytic activities towards representative strains of the whole genus. Seven different bacteriophages were isolated from the culture filtrates of 45 strains of @entity16985 , whereas only one phage was obtained from the filtrates of 17 strains of @entity16086 . No phage was isolated from the filtrates of @entity15590 and @entity15590 strains with our methods. The phage preparations proved stable over a period of 6 to 12 months with titers ranging from 7 X 10(8) to 5 X 10(10). By use of a set of lytic phages which contained in addition to the eight new phages from @entity16086 and @entity16985 23 known phages from @entity5125 , L. innocua, and @entity22920 , 511 selected strains, originating from various sources, especially environment (125 strains), and belonging to all species of Listeria, were studied. 345 (68%) of the 511 strains could be assigned to a lysovar by means of the extended set. The eight new phages showed genus- and serogroup specificity but did not present species-specific reactions. The strains of @entity15590 and @entity15590 were untypable using these 31 phages. No relationship between lysovar and serovar on the one side and host and geographic source on the other side was apparent.

title: [Isolation of Listeria seeligeri and @entity16086 bacteriophages. Lysotyping of @entity5125 , L. ivanovii, L. innocua, @entity16985 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity16086 :: (1643,Species) :: ['L. welshimeri']


abstract: Recent taxonomic reexamination of @entity5125 strains as defined in the 8th edition of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology allowed to distinguish 5 species among these strains: @entity5125 , L. innocua, @entity22920 , @entity16086 , and @entity16985 . As till now only the behaviour of the species @entity5125 , L. innocua, and @entity22920 towards bacteriophages was characterized, the present study aimed at the search for phages occurring on these two new species and to determine their lytic activities towards representative strains of the whole genus. Seven different bacteriophages were isolated from the culture filtrates of 45 strains of @entity16985 , whereas only one phage was obtained from the filtrates of 17 strains of @entity16086 . No phage was isolated from the filtrates of @entity15590 and @entity15590 strains with our methods. The phage preparations proved stable over a period of 6 to 12 months with titers ranging from 7 X 10(8) to 5 X 10(10). By use of a set of lytic phages which contained in addition to the eight new phages from @entity16086 and @entity16985 23 known phages from @entity5125 , L. innocua, and @entity22920 , 511 selected strains, originating from various sources, especially environment (125 strains), and belonging to all species of Listeria, were studied. 345 (68%) of the 511 strains could be assigned to a lysovar by means of the extended set. The eight new phages showed genus- and serogroup specificity but did not present species-specific reactions. The strains of @entity15590 and @entity15590 were untypable using these 31 phages. No relationship between lysovar and serovar on the one side and host and geographic source on the other side was apparent.

title: [Isolation of Listeria seeligeri and @entity16086 bacteriophages. Lysotyping of @entity5125 , L. ivanovii, L. innocua, XXXX and @entity16086 ].

answer: @entity16985 :: (1640,Species) :: ['L. seeligeri']


abstract: Recent taxonomic reexamination of @entity5125 strains as defined in the 8th edition of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology allowed to distinguish 5 species among these strains: @entity5125 , L. innocua, @entity22920 , @entity16086 , and @entity16985 . As till now only the behaviour of the species @entity5125 , L. innocua, and @entity22920 towards bacteriophages was characterized, the present study aimed at the search for phages occurring on these two new species and to determine their lytic activities towards representative strains of the whole genus. Seven different bacteriophages were isolated from the culture filtrates of 45 strains of @entity16985 , whereas only one phage was obtained from the filtrates of 17 strains of @entity16086 . No phage was isolated from the filtrates of @entity15590 and @entity15590 strains with our methods. The phage preparations proved stable over a period of 6 to 12 months with titers ranging from 7 X 10(8) to 5 X 10(10). By use of a set of lytic phages which contained in addition to the eight new phages from @entity16086 and @entity16985 23 known phages from @entity5125 , L. innocua, and @entity22920 , 511 selected strains, originating from various sources, especially environment (125 strains), and belonging to all species of Listeria, were studied. 345 (68%) of the 511 strains could be assigned to a lysovar by means of the extended set. The eight new phages showed genus- and serogroup specificity but did not present species-specific reactions. The strains of @entity15590 and @entity15590 were untypable using these 31 phages. No relationship between lysovar and serovar on the one side and host and geographic source on the other side was apparent.

title: [Isolation of Listeria seeligeri and @entity16086 bacteriophages. Lysotyping of XXXX , L. ivanovii, L. innocua, @entity16985 and @entity16086 ].

answer: @entity5125 :: (1639,Species) :: ['L. monocytogenes']


abstract: The Kaunitz' procedure in the surgical treatment of @entity354 associated with a @entity357 . In @entity1 with pathological @entity354 associated with a @entity357 , simple repositioning of the lower esophageal sphincter (L.E.S.) without fundoplication can restore the competence of the L.E.S., provided there is adequate mobilisation of the esophagus and fixation to strong tissues. The procedure proposed by Kaunitz consists of a left thoracotomy, with fixation of the gastroesophageal junction to the diaphragm. In the period May 74-May 83 we performed the procedure on 85 @entity1 . There was no operative mortality and a low early complication rate. All but one @entity1 showed a good repositioning on the postoperative barium swallow and improved dramatically, with complete cessation of reflux symptoms. Seventy-eight @entity1 (92,8%) are followed up regularly by means of a standard questionnaire, barium swallow and esophagoscopy. At this stage of the study, with follow-up periods ranging from 6 months to 9 years, 65 @entity1 (83,3%) show an excellent result, six (7,7%) are greatly improved, with disappearance of the preoperatively existing @entity2910 , but keep some mild @entity304 . In one @entity1 repositioning was impossible. Six recurrences were noted, four of them in @entity1 operated during the early period of our experience with the Kaunitz technique. This simple and effective procedure is a valuable alternative in the surgical treatment of pathological @entity354 .

title: [The treatment of XXXX using the Kaunitz technic].

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['residual reflux symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['hiatal hernia']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence and risk factors for evolution of postpartum @entity548 towards severe. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Epidemiologic, observational, analytical, case-control study was done from total data of deliveries in Complexo Hospitalario de Our  nse between January 1st 2004 and June 30th 2014. Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine the differences between cases and controls. The statistical analyses were made with the informatic programs Spss 15.0 y Epidat 3.0. We considered statistical significance for p < 0.05. RESULTS: The initial size of the sample was 17,116 deliveries from which we selected 150 @entity1 with the diagnosis of postpartum @entity548 . The incidence for @entity10464 form all deliveries was 3.3% reaching 36% of the total of postpartum @entity548 . 79.63% of @entity10464 showed symptoms withing the first 24h postpartum, but we found that 20.37% debuted as secondary postpartum @entity548 . BMI >=  35, @entity101 gestational manifestations, labor's second phase >=  120 minutes and weight at birth > 4000 g presented statistical significance as risk factor for evolution to severe postpartum haemhorrage. The relative risk for evolution towards @entity10464 was 2.81 for instrumental delivery and 3.55 for cesarean section. The most prevalent etiology was uterine atony. CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity10464 in our hospital is low, as well as secondary maternal mortality. The major risk factor for the appearance of the clinical symptoms is cesarean section, followed, in less proportion by instrumental delivery. It is possible for the @entity10464 to make its appearance delayed after delivery, usually secondary to infrequent and non well-known clinical presentations.

title: [Risk factors of evolution of postpartum XXXX towards severe postpartum @entity548 : A case-control study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage', 'haemorrhages']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhage']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence and risk factors for evolution of postpartum @entity548 towards severe. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Epidemiologic, observational, analytical, case-control study was done from total data of deliveries in Complexo Hospitalario de Our  nse between January 1st 2004 and June 30th 2014. Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine the differences between cases and controls. The statistical analyses were made with the informatic programs Spss 15.0 y Epidat 3.0. We considered statistical significance for p < 0.05. RESULTS: The initial size of the sample was 17,116 deliveries from which we selected 150 @entity1 with the diagnosis of postpartum @entity548 . The incidence for @entity10464 form all deliveries was 3.3% reaching 36% of the total of postpartum @entity548 . 79.63% of @entity10464 showed symptoms withing the first 24h postpartum, but we found that 20.37% debuted as secondary postpartum @entity548 . BMI >=  35, @entity101 gestational manifestations, labor's second phase >=  120 minutes and weight at birth > 4000 g presented statistical significance as risk factor for evolution to severe postpartum haemhorrage. The relative risk for evolution towards @entity10464 was 2.81 for instrumental delivery and 3.55 for cesarean section. The most prevalent etiology was uterine atony. CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity10464 in our hospital is low, as well as secondary maternal mortality. The major risk factor for the appearance of the clinical symptoms is cesarean section, followed, in less proportion by instrumental delivery. It is possible for the @entity10464 to make its appearance delayed after delivery, usually secondary to infrequent and non well-known clinical presentations.

title: [Risk factors of evolution of postpartum @entity548 towards severe postpartum XXXX : A case-control study].

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhage']


abstract: In order to investigate the effect of preoperative pulmonary function exerted on the @entity260 , postoperative chest X-ray films were consecutively studied in terms of abnormal shadows in the lung up to the 30th postoperative day (p.o.d.) in a series of 60 @entity1 with @entity418 . @entity1 were divided into 3 groups according to their preoperative % VC and FEV1.0%; @entity1 with % VC greater than or equal to 100% and FEV1.0% greater than or equal to 80% were stratified as group A, those with % VC greater than or equal to 80% and FEV1.0% greater than or equal to 70% excluding group A as group B, and those with % VC less than 80% or FEV1.0% less than 70% as group C. @entity1 with pyothorax secondary to anastomotic leakage, and/or @entity649 due to proven @entity295 were excluded. Abnormal shadows on the chest X-ray were observed in 68.3% of all the @entity1 after surgery. The positive ratios for those shadows were not statistically different among the three groups. Before 3rd p.o.d., preoperative pulmonary function did not correlate with the positive ratio for abnormal shadows of each group. After 5th p.o.d., however, the positive ratios in group C were higher than those in group A and B up to 14th p.o.d. (p less than 0.05). Approximately seventy per cent of all abnormal shadows started within 3 days after the operation. Abnormal shadows first appeared on the upper lung fields more frequently in group C than in group A + B (p less than 0.01). The abnormal shadows on the right lower lung field appeared significantly later than those on the right upper lung field (p less than 0.05). In group C, major abnormal shadows were found in 71.4%, which were higher than those in group A and B (p less than 0.05). The abnormal shadows in group C persisted for a period of 14 days, which was longer than those in group A and B (p less than 0.05). In conclusion, preoperative pulmonary function exerts much influence on the progress and continuity of abnormal shadows in the lung after 5th p.o.d. in @entity1 with @entity418 .

title: [Pulmonary complications after XXXX surgery through right thoracic approach].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'intrathoracic esophageal cancer']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']