abstract: BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, no detailed analysis exists of the incidence and @entity157 ( @entity157 ) among Hispanics in the United States. In previous studies, the rates for Hispanics have not been reported separately from other racial or ethnic groups. METHODS: We used information on @entity1 diagnosed as having @entity157 from 13 registries in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database of the National @entity5 Institute to calculate race-specific, age-adjusted incidence rates (AIR) between 1992 and 2002. We also used California and Texas state death records from between 1979 and 2001 to calculate race-specific, age-adjusted mortality rates for @entity96 excluding @entity1419 . For Hispanics and Asians/Pacific Islanders, the rates were calculated for native-born subjects and immigrants separately. RESULTS: In SEER, the yearly AIRs were higher by 1.2-fold in Hispanics than in blacks (6.3 vs 5.0 per 100 000 @entity1 -years of the underlying US population) and by 2.7-fold than in non-Hispanic whites (2.4 per 100 000 @entity1 -years) but lower than in Asians/Pacific Islanders (10.8 per 100 000 @entity1 -years). The median age at @entity157 diagnosis in Hispanics (64 years) was intermediate between whites (the oldest) and blacks (the youngest). Between the periods 1992-1995 and 2000-2002, there was a 31% increase in the incidence of @entity157 in Hispanic @entity1 and a 63% increase in Hispanic @entity1 . The race-specific, age-adjusted mortality rates were remarkably similar in California and Texas and were highest in immigrant Asian/Pacific Islanders followed by native Hispanics. The rates for native Hispanic @entity1 were more than twice as high as those for immigrant Hispanic @entity1 . For Texas, the rates for native Hispanic @entity1 were 65% higher than those for immigrant Hispanic @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Hispanics in the United States have high rates of @entity157 that are second only to Asians/Pacific Islanders.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX in Hispanics in the United States.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity158 is common in the elderly population and its prevalence varies according to the studied disease, clinical setting, sex and age. This study examines @entity158 in an aging population from a gender perspective. METHODS: The Swedish National study on Aging and Care (SNAC) is conducted at four research centres. @entity1 were recruited from the baseline sample (n=1402) at one of the research centres, SNAC-Blekinge. Individuals aged 60 years and older were included and non-participation was documented. Research personnel conducted the medical examination on two occasions. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity158 was 769/1402 (54.8%), distributed as 496/817 (64.5%) @entity1 and 273/585 (35.5%) @entity1 , p<0.01. @entity1 reported more @entity158 located in the vertebral column, p<0.01. The most common @entity158 location was the legs and feet. About 84% reported @entity158 intensity as 4 or higher on the visual analogue scale (VAS). @entity158 intensity declines with age among @entity1 , p<0.01. The most frequent treatment was painkillers. A total of 128/263 (48.7%) of the @entity1 received no @entity158 treatment compared with 177/478 (37.0%) of the @entity1 , p<0.01. In a multivariate logistic regression model, @entity1 yielded the highest OR [OR 1.94 (C.I. 1.51-2.49)] for @entity158 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity158 is common among older adults and there are significant differences between the sexes. Almost 55% of @entity1 reported @entity158 , predominantly @entity1 . In the majority of cases the intensity was rated as moderate or severe (VAS >4) and @entity1 rated higher than @entity1 p<0.02. Almost half of the @entity1 (48.7%) did not receive any treatment compared to 37% of the @entity1 , p<0.01.

title: XXXX among older adults from a gender perspective: findings from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC-Blekinge).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'Participants', 'men']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is associated with various health effects. Physico-chemical properties influence the toxicological impact of PM, nonetheless the mechanisms underlying PM-induced effects are not completely understood. OBJECTIVES: @entity1 bronchial epithelial cells were used to analyse the pathways activated after exposure to summer and winter urban PM and to identify possible markers of exposure. METHODS: BEAS-2B cells were exposed for 24  h to 10   g/cm(2) of winter PM2.5 (wPM) and summer PM10 (sPM) sampled in Milan. A microarray technology was used to profile the cells gene expression. Genes and microRNAs were analyzed by bioinformatics technique to identify pathways involved in cellular responses. Selected genes and pathways were validated at protein level (western blot, membrane protein arrays and ELISA). RESULTS: The molecular networks activated by the two PM evidenced a correlation among oxidative stress, @entity32 and DNA damage responses. sPM induced the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, although @entity6991 and genes related to @entity32 resulted up-regulated by both PM. Moreover both PM affected a set of genes, proteins and miRNAs related to antioxidant responses, @entity5 development, extracellular matrix remodeling and cytoskeleton organization, while @entity22869 , implicated in epigenetic modification, resulted up-regulated only by wPM. sPM effects may be related to biological and inorganic components, while wPM apparently related to the high content of organic compounds. CONCLUSIONS: These results may be helpful for the individuation of biomarkers for PM exposure, linked to the specific PM physico-chemical properties.

title: Integrative transcriptomic and protein analysis of XXXX bronchial BEAS-2B exposed to seasonal urban particulate matter.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6490 is approved in the EU, USA, and other countries for @entity1 with @entity1073 who received one previous therapy. In a previous phase 2 study with single-agent @entity6490 , the proportion of @entity1 who achieved an objective response was 68%; 38 (34%) of 111 @entity1 had transient @entity6113 . We hypothesised that adding @entity2408 could target @entity1073 cells associated with redistribution @entity6113 , leading to more potent antitumour activity. METHODS: @entity1 with a confirmed @entity1073 diagnosis (based on @entity2225 -positive and @entity4910 -positive cells in tissue biopsy specimens), no upper limit on the number of previous treatments received, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 2 or less were enrolled in this single-centre, open-label, phase 2 study. @entity1 received continuous oral @entity6490 (560 mg) daily until progessive disease or unacceptable toxic effects. Rituximab 375 mg/m(2) was given intravenously once per week for 4 weeks during cycle 1, then on day 1 of cycles 3-8, and thereafter once every other cycle up to 2 years. The primary endpoint was the proportion of @entity1 who achieved an objective response in the intention-to-treat population and safety assessed in the as-treated population. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01880567, and is still ongoing, but no longer accruing @entity1 . FINDINGS: Between July 15, 2013, and June 30, 2014, 50 @entity1 were enrolled. Median age was 67 years (range 45-86), and the median number of previous regimens was three (range 1-9). At a median follow-up of 16  5 months (IQR 12  09-19  28), 44 (88%, 95% CI 75  7-95  5) @entity1 achieved an objective response, with 22 (44%, 30  0-58  7) @entity1 achieving a complete response, and 22 (44%, 30  0-58  7) a partial response. The only grade 3 adverse event in >=10% of @entity1 was @entity955 , which was noted in six (12%) @entity1 . Grade 4 @entity294 and @entity1398 occurred in one @entity1 each. Adverse events led to discontinuation of therapy in five (10%) @entity1 ( @entity955 in three [6%] @entity1 , @entity409 in one [2%], and @entity548 in one [2%]). Two @entity1 died while on-study from @entity1167 and @entity326 ; the latter was deemed possibly related to treatment. INTERPRETATION: @entity6490 combined with rituximab is active and well tolerated in @entity1 with relapsed or @entity1073 . Our results provide preliminary evidence for the activity of this combination in clinical practice. A phase 3 trial is warranted for more definitive data. FUNDING: Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company.

title: @entity6490 in combination with rituximab in relapsed or XXXX : a single-centre, open-label, phase 2 trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6113 :: ('MESH:D008218', 'Disease') :: ['lymphocytosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1073 :: ('MESH:D020522', 'Disease') :: ['mantle cell lymphoma', 'refractory mantle cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity2408 :: ('CHEBI:64357', 'Chemical') :: ['rituximab']

entities_list: @entity6490 :: ('MESH:C551803', 'Chemical') :: ['Ibrutinib', 'ibrutinib']

answer: @entity1073 :: (MESH:D020522,Disease) :: ['refractory mantle cell lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6490 is approved in the EU, USA, and other countries for @entity1 with @entity1073 who received one previous therapy. In a previous phase 2 study with single-agent @entity6490 , the proportion of @entity1 who achieved an objective response was 68%; 38 (34%) of 111 @entity1 had transient @entity6113 . We hypothesised that adding @entity2408 could target @entity1073 cells associated with redistribution @entity6113 , leading to more potent antitumour activity. METHODS: @entity1 with a confirmed @entity1073 diagnosis (based on @entity2225 -positive and @entity4910 -positive cells in tissue biopsy specimens), no upper limit on the number of previous treatments received, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 2 or less were enrolled in this single-centre, open-label, phase 2 study. @entity1 received continuous oral @entity6490 (560 mg) daily until progessive disease or unacceptable toxic effects. Rituximab 375 mg/m(2) was given intravenously once per week for 4 weeks during cycle 1, then on day 1 of cycles 3-8, and thereafter once every other cycle up to 2 years. The primary endpoint was the proportion of @entity1 who achieved an objective response in the intention-to-treat population and safety assessed in the as-treated population. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01880567, and is still ongoing, but no longer accruing @entity1 . FINDINGS: Between July 15, 2013, and June 30, 2014, 50 @entity1 were enrolled. Median age was 67 years (range 45-86), and the median number of previous regimens was three (range 1-9). At a median follow-up of 16  5 months (IQR 12  09-19  28), 44 (88%, 95% CI 75  7-95  5) @entity1 achieved an objective response, with 22 (44%, 30  0-58  7) @entity1 achieving a complete response, and 22 (44%, 30  0-58  7) a partial response. The only grade 3 adverse event in >=10% of @entity1 was @entity955 , which was noted in six (12%) @entity1 . Grade 4 @entity294 and @entity1398 occurred in one @entity1 each. Adverse events led to discontinuation of therapy in five (10%) @entity1 ( @entity955 in three [6%] @entity1 , @entity409 in one [2%], and @entity548 in one [2%]). Two @entity1 died while on-study from @entity1167 and @entity326 ; the latter was deemed possibly related to treatment. INTERPRETATION: @entity6490 combined with rituximab is active and well tolerated in @entity1 with relapsed or @entity1073 . Our results provide preliminary evidence for the activity of this combination in clinical practice. A phase 3 trial is warranted for more definitive data. FUNDING: Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company.

title: XXXX in combination with rituximab in relapsed or @entity1073 : a single-centre, open-label, phase 2 trial.

answer: @entity6490 :: (MESH:C551803,Chemical) :: ['Ibrutinib']


abstract: SCOPE: @entity29 ( @entity29 ) constitute a growing public health concern in western countries. Bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties are lacking in the @entity6636 accompanying @entity29 . Selected strains of probiotic bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties accordingly alleviate symptoms and enhance treatment of @entity31 in clinical trials. Such properties are also found in selected strains of dairy starters such as @entity20455 and @entity6043 . We thus investigated the possibility to develop a fermented dairy product, combining both starter and probiotic abilities of both @entity880 and @entity6137 bacteria, designed to extend remissions in @entity29 @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We developed a single-strain @entity6043 -fermented milk and a two-strain @entity20455 and @entity6043 -fermented experimental pressed cheese using strains previously selected for their anti-inflammatory properties. Consumption of these experimental fermented dairy products protected @entity19 against @entity10776 -induced @entity1960 , alleviating severity of symptoms, modulating local and systemic @entity32 , as well as colonic oxidative stress and epithelial cell damages. As a control, the corresponding sterile dairy matrix failed to afford such protection. CONCLUSION: This work reveals the probiotic potential of this bacterial mixture, in the context of fermented dairy products. It opens new perspectives for the reverse engineering development of anti-inflammatory fermented foods designed for target populations with @entity29 , and has provided evidences leading to an ongoing pilot clinical study in @entity31 @entity1 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Combining selected immunomodulatory XXXX and @entity6043 strains: Reverse engineering development of an anti-inflammatory cheese.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity6636 :: ('MESH:D064806', 'Disease') :: ['dysbiosis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity20455 :: ('1744', 'Species') :: ['P. freudenreichii', 'Propionibacterium freudenreichii']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity6043 :: ('1584', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus delbrueckii', 'L. delbrueckii']

entities_list: @entity6137 :: ('MESH:C029658', 'Chemical') :: ['propionic acid']

answer: @entity20455 :: (1744,Species) :: ['Propionibacterium freudenreichii']


abstract: SCOPE: @entity29 ( @entity29 ) constitute a growing public health concern in western countries. Bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties are lacking in the @entity6636 accompanying @entity29 . Selected strains of probiotic bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties accordingly alleviate symptoms and enhance treatment of @entity31 in clinical trials. Such properties are also found in selected strains of dairy starters such as @entity20455 and @entity6043 . We thus investigated the possibility to develop a fermented dairy product, combining both starter and probiotic abilities of both @entity880 and @entity6137 bacteria, designed to extend remissions in @entity29 @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We developed a single-strain @entity6043 -fermented milk and a two-strain @entity20455 and @entity6043 -fermented experimental pressed cheese using strains previously selected for their anti-inflammatory properties. Consumption of these experimental fermented dairy products protected @entity19 against @entity10776 -induced @entity1960 , alleviating severity of symptoms, modulating local and systemic @entity32 , as well as colonic oxidative stress and epithelial cell damages. As a control, the corresponding sterile dairy matrix failed to afford such protection. CONCLUSION: This work reveals the probiotic potential of this bacterial mixture, in the context of fermented dairy products. It opens new perspectives for the reverse engineering development of anti-inflammatory fermented foods designed for target populations with @entity29 , and has provided evidences leading to an ongoing pilot clinical study in @entity31 @entity1 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Combining selected immunomodulatory @entity20455 and XXXX strains: Reverse engineering development of an anti-inflammatory cheese.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

answer: @entity6043 :: (1584,Species) :: ['Lactobacillus delbrueckii']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A limiting factor in the therapeutic outcome of @entity1 with high-risk @entity521 is the intrinsic and acquired resistance to common chemotherapeutic treatments. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which the hemisynthetic cardiac glycoside @entity70808 overcomes this limitation and induces differential cell death modalities in both neuroblastic and stromal @entity521 through stimulation of a cell-type-specific autophagic response eventually leading to apoptosis or necroptosis. In neuroblastic SH-SY5Y cells, we observed a time-dependent production of reactive @entity26 species that affects lysosomal integrity inducing lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 degradation and @entity467 and L activation. Subsequent mitochondrial membrane depolarization and accumulation of mitochondria in phagophores occurred after 8h of @entity70808 treatment. Results were confirmed by mitochondrial mass analysis, electron microscopy and co-localization of mitochondria with GFP-LC3, suggesting the impaired clearance of damaged mitochondria. Thus, a stress-induced defective autophagic flux and the subsequent lack of clearance of damaged mitochondria sensitized SH-SY5Y cells to @entity70808 -induced apoptosis. Inhibition of autophagy with small inhibitory RNAs against @entity10614 , @entity10615 and @entity8783 protected SH-SY5Y cells against the cytotoxic effect of @entity70808 by inhibiting apoptosis. In contrast, autophagy progression towards the catabolic state was observed in stromal SK-N-AS cells: here reactive @entity26 species (ROS) generation remained undetectable preserving intact lysosomes and engulfing damaged mitochondria after @entity70808 treatment. Moreover, autophagy inhibition determined sensitization of SK-N-AS to apoptosis. We identified efficient mitophagy as the key mechanism leading to failure of activation of the apoptotic pathway that increased resistance of SK-N-AS to @entity70808 , triggering rather necroptosis at higher doses. Altogether we characterize here the differential modulation of ROS and mitophagy as a @entity521 resistance with potential relevance for personalized anticancer therapeutic approaches.Oncogene advance online publication, 7 December 2015; doi:10.1038/onc.2015.455.

title: Cell type-dependent ROS and mitophagy response leads to apoptosis or necroptosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma', 'main determinant of neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mesial temporal structures play an important role in @entity1 memory. In @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ), @entity410 activity is generated from the same structures. Surgery is the definitive treatment for medically intractable @entity1315 . In addition to standard temporal lobe microsurgical resection, stereotactic radiofrequency amygdalohippocampectomy (SAHE) is used as an alternative @entity1315 treatment. While @entity2414 after @entity302 surgery are well known, it has been shown that memory decline is not a feature of SAHE. The aim of the present study was to correlate the volume of the remnant hippocampus and amygdala in @entity1 treated by SAHE with changes in memory parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven @entity1315 @entity1 treated by SAHE (ten right, 27 left) were included. @entity1 underwent magnetic resonance imaging examinations including hippocampal and amygdalar volumetry and neuropsychological evaluation preoperatively and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: Using Spearman correlation analyses, larger left-sided hippocampal reductions were associated with lower verbal memory performance (  =-0.46; P=0.02). On the contrary, improvement of global memory quotient (MQ) was positively correlated with larger right-sided hippocampal reduction (  =0.66; P=0.04). Similarly, positive correlations between the extent of @entity2414 (  =0.74; P=0.02) and global MQ change (  =0.69; P=0.03) were found. Thus, larger right hippocampal and @entity353 was associated with higher global and verbal MQ change after SAHE. CONCLUSION: Larger left-sided hippocampal reductions were associated with lower verbal memory performance. This finding is in accordance with the material-specific model of @entity1 memory, which states that the dominant hemisphere is specialized for the learning and recall of verbal information. We hypothesize that larger right-sided ablations enable the left temporal lobe to support memory more effectively, perhaps as a consequence of @entity302 spreading from remnants of right mesiotemporal structures to the left.

title: Relationship between remnant hippocampus and amygdala and memory outcomes after stereotactic surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['amygdalar reduction']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['MTLE', 'mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['standard epilepsy', 'epileptiform discharges']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairments', 'right amygdalar reduction and verbal MQ']

answer: @entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['mesial temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the long term effects of an @entity28 prevention programme in schools. DESIGN: Longitudinal results after a cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Schools in southwest England. @entity1 : Of the original sample of 644 @entity1 aged 7-11, 511 @entity1 were tracked and measurements were obtained from 434 @entity1 three years after baseline. INTERVENTION: The intervention was conducted over one school year, with four sessions of focused education promoting a healthy diet and discouraging the consumption of carbonated drinks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometric measures of height, weight, and waist circumference. Body mass index (BMI) converted to z scores (SD scores) and to centile values with growth reference curves. Waist circumference was also converted to z scores (SD scores). RESULTS: At three years after baseline the age and sex specific BMI z scores (SD scores) had increased in the control group by 0.10 (SD 0.53) but decreased in the intervention group by -0.01 (SD 0.58), with a mean difference of 0.10 (95% confidence interval -0.00 to 0.21, P=0.06). The prevalence of overweight increased in both the intervention and control group at three years and the significant difference between the groups seen at 12 months was no longer evident. The BMI increased in the control group by 2.14 (SD 1.64) and the intervention group by 1.88 (SD 1.71), with mean difference of 0.26 (-0.07 to 0.58, P= 0.12). The waist circumference increased in both groups after three years with a mean difference of 0.09 (-0.06 to 0.26, P=0.25). CONCLUSIONS: These longitudinal results show that after a simple year long intervention the difference in prevalence of overweight in @entity1 seen at 12 months was not sustained at three years.

title: Preventing childhood XXXX : two year follow-up results from the @entity28 ( @entity28 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the long term effects of an @entity28 prevention programme in schools. DESIGN: Longitudinal results after a cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Schools in southwest England. @entity1 : Of the original sample of 644 @entity1 aged 7-11, 511 @entity1 were tracked and measurements were obtained from 434 @entity1 three years after baseline. INTERVENTION: The intervention was conducted over one school year, with four sessions of focused education promoting a healthy diet and discouraging the consumption of carbonated drinks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometric measures of height, weight, and waist circumference. Body mass index (BMI) converted to z scores (SD scores) and to centile values with growth reference curves. Waist circumference was also converted to z scores (SD scores). RESULTS: At three years after baseline the age and sex specific BMI z scores (SD scores) had increased in the control group by 0.10 (SD 0.53) but decreased in the intervention group by -0.01 (SD 0.58), with a mean difference of 0.10 (95% confidence interval -0.00 to 0.21, P=0.06). The prevalence of overweight increased in both the intervention and control group at three years and the significant difference between the groups seen at 12 months was no longer evident. The BMI increased in the control group by 2.14 (SD 1.64) and the intervention group by 1.88 (SD 1.71), with mean difference of 0.26 (-0.07 to 0.58, P= 0.12). The waist circumference increased in both groups after three years with a mean difference of 0.09 (-0.06 to 0.26, P=0.25). CONCLUSIONS: These longitudinal results show that after a simple year long intervention the difference in prevalence of overweight in @entity1 seen at 12 months was not sustained at three years.

title: Preventing childhood @entity28 : two year follow-up results from the @entity28 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['CHOPPS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the long term effects of an @entity28 prevention programme in schools. DESIGN: Longitudinal results after a cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Schools in southwest England. @entity1 : Of the original sample of 644 @entity1 aged 7-11, 511 @entity1 were tracked and measurements were obtained from 434 @entity1 three years after baseline. INTERVENTION: The intervention was conducted over one school year, with four sessions of focused education promoting a healthy diet and discouraging the consumption of carbonated drinks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometric measures of height, weight, and waist circumference. Body mass index (BMI) converted to z scores (SD scores) and to centile values with growth reference curves. Waist circumference was also converted to z scores (SD scores). RESULTS: At three years after baseline the age and sex specific BMI z scores (SD scores) had increased in the control group by 0.10 (SD 0.53) but decreased in the intervention group by -0.01 (SD 0.58), with a mean difference of 0.10 (95% confidence interval -0.00 to 0.21, P=0.06). The prevalence of overweight increased in both the intervention and control group at three years and the significant difference between the groups seen at 12 months was no longer evident. The BMI increased in the control group by 2.14 (SD 1.64) and the intervention group by 1.88 (SD 1.71), with mean difference of 0.26 (-0.07 to 0.58, P= 0.12). The waist circumference increased in both groups after three years with a mean difference of 0.09 (-0.06 to 0.26, P=0.25). CONCLUSIONS: These longitudinal results show that after a simple year long intervention the difference in prevalence of overweight in @entity1 seen at 12 months was not sustained at three years.

title: Preventing childhood @entity28 : two year follow-up results from the XXXX ( @entity28 ).

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Christchurch obesity prevention programme in schools']


abstract: Uterine fibroids are common @entity5 of the female pelvis. Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive alternative procedure in appropriate candidates to conventional myomectomy and hysterectomy for symptomatic @entity2909 , reducing or eliminating @entity2909 -related symptoms of @entity548 , bulk, and/or @entity158 . In order to completely block the arterial blood supply to the fibroid, UAE is typically performed in both uterine arteries. At 1 year follow-up, the uterus may shrink by up to 55%, however, a re-growth of the fibroid may occur. The rate of major complications and @entity2588 following this procedure is low, ranging in most series from 1% to 3.5% and 1% to 7%, respectively. Nevertheless, the rate of @entity2588 in @entity1 over 45 seems to be higher. @entity1 who wish to become pregnant should be cautioned about potential complications during pregnancy. Despite the lack of controlled studies that compared UAE with conventional surgery, and despite limited extended outcome data, UAE has gained rapid acceptance, primarily because this procedure preserves the uterus, is less invasive, and has less short-term morbidity than most surgical options. This review focuses on recent publications evaluating UAE and concludes that it is a safe treatment option, providing substantial improvement in both health-related quality of life and symptom control for most @entity1 , with a very low rate of major complications. Any centre that offers UAE should adhere to published clinical guidelines, maintain ongoing assessment of quality improvement measures, and observe strict criteria to obtain procedural privileges. The gynecologist is likely to be the primary initial consultant to @entity1 who present with @entity1868 symptoms. Therefore, they must be familiar with the indications, exclusions, outcome expectations, and complications of UAE. When hysterectomy is the only option, UAE should be seriously taken into consideration. At this particular moment in time, data are needed from randomized controlled trials comparing UAE with surgical procedures. Current efforts to provide prospective objective assessment of treatment outcomes and complications after UAE will help to optimize @entity1 options and clinical guidelines.

title: [Treatment of uterine XXXX with bilateral uterine artery embolization: state of the art].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['uterine leiomyoma', 'leiomyoma']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity2909 :: (MESH:D007889,Disease) :: ['fibromyoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the cytogenetic changes in in vitro- and in vivo-matured oocytes after vitrification. DESIGN: In vitro experiments using @entity19 model. SETTING: Animal model study in university laboratory. ANIMAL(S): @entity2659 @entity19 . INTERVENTION(S): In vitro maturation and vitrification of oocytes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Post-warming survival, analysis of spindle and chromosome configurations, @entity2007 screening of parthenogenetically activated oocytes, extent of DNA fragmentation, and early embryonic development after IVF. RESULT(S): Eighty percent of germinal vesicle-stage oocytes matured after in vitro maturation and were cryopreserved by vitrification (n = 354). There was no significant difference in the post-warming survival of in vitro- and in vivo-matured oocytes (94.1% vs. 91.8%, respectively). The majority of in vitro- and in vivo-matured oocytes maintained normal meiotic spindle morphology and chromosome alignment (88.2% vs. 86.9%, respectively) after vitrification and the incidence of @entity2007 was not increased (11.5% vs. 9.3%). However, in vitro-matured oocytes showed a higher rate of DNA fragmentation after vitrification compared to in vivo-matured oocytes. After vitrification, the cleavage and blastocyst formation rates of in vitro-matured oocytes were significantly lower than those of in vivo-matured oocytes (37.0% vs. 60.0% and 5.4% vs. 18.9%, respectively). CONCLUSION(S): Vitrification of in vitro-matured @entity19 oocytes results in high survival rates, normal meiotic spindle and chromosome alignment, and no increased incidence of @entity2007 . A possible cause of the reduced developmental competence of in vitro-matured and vitrified oocytes may be due to DNA fragmentation.

title: Comparison of spindle and chromosome configuration in in vitro- and in vivo-matured XXXX oocytes after vitrification.

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aims. To report the results of lateral rectus muscle recession, medial rectus muscle resection, and superior oblique muscle transposition in the restoration and maintenance of ocular alignment in primary position for @entity1 with @entity2895 . Methods. The medical records of @entity1 who underwent surgery between March 2007 and September 2011 for @entity2895 were reviewed. All @entity1 underwent a preoperative assessment, including a detailed ophthalmologic examination. Results. A total of 6 @entity1 (age range, 14-45 years) were included. The median preoperative horizontal deviation was 67.5 Prism Diopter (PD) (interquartile range [IQR] 57.5-70) and vertical deviation was 13.5 PD (IQR 10-20). The median postoperative horizontal residual exodeviation was 8.0 PD (IQR 1-16), and the vertical deviation was 0 PD (IQR 0-4). The median correction of hypotropia following superior oblique transposition was 13.5    2.9 PD (range, 10-16). All cases were vertically aligned within 5   PD. Four of the six cases were aligned within 10   PD of the horizontal deviation. Adduction and head posture were improved in all @entity1 . All @entity1 gained new area of binocular single vision in the primary position after the operation. Conclusion. Lateral rectus recession, medial rectus resection, and superior oblique transposition may be used to achieve satisfactory cosmetic and functional results in @entity2895 .

title: Superior Oblique Anterior Transposition with Horizontal Recti Recession-Resection for Total XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2895 :: ('MESH:D015840', 'Disease') :: ['total third-nerve palsy']

answer: @entity2895 :: (MESH:D015840,Disease) :: ['Third-Nerve Palsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3004 ( @entity3004 ) have higher mortality from @entity0 compared with white Americans (WA). Studies using population-based @entity5 registries have attributed this to disparities in treatment after normalizing the @entity3004 and WA populations for differences in disease stage. However, those studies were hampered by lack of comorbidity data and limited information about systemic treatments. The objective of the current study was to investigate racial disparities in @entity0 treatment by conducting a comprehensive medical records review of @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity0 at the Karmanos @entity5 Institute (KCI) in Detroit, Michigan. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 651 @entity1 who were diagnosed with primary @entity0 between 1990 and 1996 at KCI. Multivariable logistic regression analysis controlling for sociodemographic factors, @entity5 characteristics, comorbidities, and health insurance status was used to assess whether there were differences between WA and @entity3004 in the receipt of breast-conserving surgery (BCS), radiation, @entity440 , and chemotherapy. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between WA and @entity3004 in the receipt of BCS versus mastectomy. @entity1 with @entity5 who were enrolled in government insurance plans underwent mastectomy more often (vs BCS plus radiation) compared with @entity1 who were enrolled in nongovernment plans. The rates of receipt of @entity440 and chemotherapy were similar for local-stage WA and local-stage @entity3004 . However, WA were more likely to receive @entity440 and/or chemotherapy for regional-stage disease. Married @entity1 with regional disease were more likely to receive chemotherapy than nonmarried @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study may be used to target educational interventions to improve the use of adjuvant therapies among @entity3004 @entity1 who have regional-stage disease.

title: Disentangling the effects of race on XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'local-stage disease', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3004 :: ('MESH:C537904', 'Disease') :: ['AA', 'African Americans']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the best observation time for drug administration and withdrawal in the treatment of @entity1 with transient @entity6750 ,seeking an objective basis for the safe drug withdrawal. METHODS: @entity1955 was prescribed for 1 144 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity6750 ( @entity6750 ) and according to the results @entity1955 was adjusted to a maintenance dosage. Examinations were performed periodically including physical and mental development, thyroid ultrasonography,and blood levels of T3, T4, TSH. For the @entity1 with a small maintenance dosage of @entity1955 (15.0 - 16.6 g/d) and all the examinations normal, @entity1955 was withdrawn at 2 - 3 years, and the @entity1 were followed up and reexamined after 1 month, 2 months, and 10 months, respectively. Permanent drug withdrawal was determined for @entity1 with all the examinations normal. Once abnormal TSH occurred, @entity1955 was prescribed again, and followed up continuously. RESULT: @entity1955 was withdrawn from 157 @entity1 . During the follow up, for 15 @entity1 (9.55%) @entity1955 were prescribed continuously, and for 142 @entity1 permanent drug withdrawal (confirmed with transient @entity6750 ) was determined. Abnormal TSH of various degrees was detected in 48 cases: 25.48 % (40/157),4.46 % (7/157), and 0.64 % (1/157) were detected at 1, 2 and 10 months after drug withdrawal, respectively. In 15 @entity1 @entity1955 was prescribed again for the remarkably high TSH, and the other 33 with mildly abnormal TSH finished the treatment since TSH normalized during follow-up. CONCLUSION: After 2 - 3 years of regular treatment, @entity1955 can be withdrawn from @entity1 with normal T3, T4, TSH, physical and mental development, and thyroid function. The best observation time for drug withdrawal should be 2 - 3 months. If T3, T4 and TSH levels are in the normal range, drug can be withdrawn safely. Once abnormal results were detected during follow-up, @entity1955 should be administrated continuously.

title: [Observation time for drug administration and withdrawal in the treatment of @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['levothyroxine', 'Levothyroxine']

entities_list: @entity6750 :: ('MESH:D003409', 'Disease') :: ['congenital hypothyroidism', 'CH']

answer: @entity6750 :: (MESH:D003409,Disease) :: ['congenital hypothyroidism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the best observation time for drug administration and withdrawal in the treatment of @entity1 with transient @entity6750 ,seeking an objective basis for the safe drug withdrawal. METHODS: @entity1955 was prescribed for 1 144 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity6750 ( @entity6750 ) and according to the results @entity1955 was adjusted to a maintenance dosage. Examinations were performed periodically including physical and mental development, thyroid ultrasonography,and blood levels of T3, T4, TSH. For the @entity1 with a small maintenance dosage of @entity1955 (15.0 - 16.6 g/d) and all the examinations normal, @entity1955 was withdrawn at 2 - 3 years, and the @entity1 were followed up and reexamined after 1 month, 2 months, and 10 months, respectively. Permanent drug withdrawal was determined for @entity1 with all the examinations normal. Once abnormal TSH occurred, @entity1955 was prescribed again, and followed up continuously. RESULT: @entity1955 was withdrawn from 157 @entity1 . During the follow up, for 15 @entity1 (9.55%) @entity1955 were prescribed continuously, and for 142 @entity1 permanent drug withdrawal (confirmed with transient @entity6750 ) was determined. Abnormal TSH of various degrees was detected in 48 cases: 25.48 % (40/157),4.46 % (7/157), and 0.64 % (1/157) were detected at 1, 2 and 10 months after drug withdrawal, respectively. In 15 @entity1 @entity1955 was prescribed again for the remarkably high TSH, and the other 33 with mildly abnormal TSH finished the treatment since TSH normalized during follow-up. CONCLUSION: After 2 - 3 years of regular treatment, @entity1955 can be withdrawn from @entity1 with normal T3, T4, TSH, physical and mental development, and thyroid function. The best observation time for drug withdrawal should be 2 - 3 months. If T3, T4 and TSH levels are in the normal range, drug can be withdrawn safely. Once abnormal results were detected during follow-up, @entity1955 should be administrated continuously.

title: [Observation time for drug administration and withdrawal in the treatment of XXXX with @entity6750 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: In vivo functional neuroimaging, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), is becoming increasingly important in defining the pathophysiology of @entity146 such as @entity161 , @entity308 , and @entity195 . Furthermore, recent studies have begun to investigate the possibility of using functional neuroimaging to guide treatment selection for individual @entity1 . By studying the changes between a @entity1 's pre- and post-treatment brain activity, investigators are gaining insights into the impact of treatment on behavior-related neural processing traits associated with particular @entity146 . Furthermore, these studies may shed light on the neural basis of response and nonresponse to specific treatments. The practical limitation of such studies is that the post-treatment scans offer little guidance to treatment selection in clinical settings, since treatment decisions precede the availability of post-treatment brain scans. This shortcoming represents the impetus for developing statistical methodology that would provide clinicians with predictive information concerning the effect of treatment on brain activity and, ultimately, symptom-related behaviors. We present a prediction algorithm that uses a @entity1 's pretreatment scans, coupled with relevant @entity1 characteristics, to forecast the @entity1 's brain activity following a specified treatment regimen. We derive our predictive method from a Bayesian hierarchical model constructed on the pre- and post-treatment scans of designated training data. We perform estimation using the expectation-maximization algorithm. We evaluate the accuracy of our proposed prediction method using K-fold cross-validation, quantifying the error using two new measures that we propose for neuroimaging data. The proposed method is applicable to both PET and fMRI studies. We illustrate its use with a PET study of working memory in @entity1 with @entity161 and an fMRI data example is also provided.

title: Predicting the brain response to treatment using a Bayesian hierarchical model with application to a study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate whether adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in extremity and truncal soft-tissue @entity242 (STS) @entity1 with microscopically positive or close margins after excision can achieve comparable local control to that of excision with negative margin plus RT. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 150 @entity1 (111 extremity and 39 trunk cases) treated with conserving surgery and adjuvant RT was analyzed. All surgical margins were classified as being a negative margin or a positive or close margin based on pathologic margin width. RT was delivered with a shrinking-field technique in 150 @entity1 (median, 63 Gy). RESULTS: All @entity1 were divided into two groups: (A) excision with negative margins plus RT (n = 56) and (B) excision with positive or close margins plus RT (n = 94). Overall, the 5-year local failure-free survival in all @entity1 was 72.9%, and no significant differences were found between the two groups (Group A, 74.7%; Group B, 71.6%). High @entity5 grade was found to be a significant predictor of local failure. However, Group A was superior to Group B in distant metastasis-free survival (p = 0.02). No significant differences were shown in overall survival between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In our series, margin status did not predict for LF when adjuvant RT was used. We believe that when adjuvant RT is used, re-resection may not be necessary for selected @entity1 with positive or close pathologic margins in the management of extremity and truncal STS @entity1 .

title: Clinical significance of margin status in postoperative radiotherapy for extremity and truncal soft-tissue XXXX .

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced @entity5694 triggers the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and can cause @entity647 ( @entity647 ). The @entity22520 ( @entity22520 ) protein plays an important role as a late mediator of sepsis and @entity647 . @entity11545 ( @entity19447 ) is a central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that inhibits the expression of @entity22520 . This study evaluated the effects of @entity19447 by measuring levels of inflammatory mediators and observing histopathological features associated with LPS-induced @entity647 . Sixty 8-10 week old male @entity35 (200-240 g) were randomized into three groups as follows: control group, LPS group (7.5 mg/kg LPS), and LPS+ @entity19447 group (5 mg/kg @entity19447 before LPS administration). Histopathological examination of lung specimens obtained 12 h after LPS administration was performed to analyze changes in wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio, @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) activity, and @entity22520 expression level. Additionally, plasma concentrations of @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, @entity568 , and @entity22520 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 0 (baseline), 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after LPS administration. Mortality in the three groups was recorded at 72 h. LPS-induced @entity647 was characterized by distortion of @entity358 and elevation of @entity1589 activity, W/D weight ratio, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, @entity568 , and @entity22520 . Pretreatment with @entity19447 significantly reduced the LPS-induced lung pathological changes, W/D weight ratio, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and @entity1589 activity (ANOVA). Moreover, @entity19447 treatment significantly decreased the mortality rate (ANOVA). In conclusion, we demonstrated that @entity19447 exerted a protective effect on LPS-induced @entity647 in @entity35 .

title: XXXX protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced @entity647 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity5694 :: ('MESH:D019446', 'Disease') :: ['endotoxemia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity11545 :: ('MESH:D005702', 'Chemical') :: ['Galantamine']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary architecture']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury', 'ALI']

answer: @entity11545 :: (MESH:D005702,Chemical) :: ['Galantamine']


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced @entity5694 triggers the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and can cause @entity647 ( @entity647 ). The @entity22520 ( @entity22520 ) protein plays an important role as a late mediator of sepsis and @entity647 . @entity11545 ( @entity19447 ) is a central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that inhibits the expression of @entity22520 . This study evaluated the effects of @entity19447 by measuring levels of inflammatory mediators and observing histopathological features associated with LPS-induced @entity647 . Sixty 8-10 week old male @entity35 (200-240 g) were randomized into three groups as follows: control group, LPS group (7.5 mg/kg LPS), and LPS+ @entity19447 group (5 mg/kg @entity19447 before LPS administration). Histopathological examination of lung specimens obtained 12 h after LPS administration was performed to analyze changes in wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio, @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) activity, and @entity22520 expression level. Additionally, plasma concentrations of @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, @entity568 , and @entity22520 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 0 (baseline), 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after LPS administration. Mortality in the three groups was recorded at 72 h. LPS-induced @entity647 was characterized by distortion of @entity358 and elevation of @entity1589 activity, W/D weight ratio, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, @entity568 , and @entity22520 . Pretreatment with @entity19447 significantly reduced the LPS-induced lung pathological changes, W/D weight ratio, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and @entity1589 activity (ANOVA). Moreover, @entity19447 treatment significantly decreased the mortality rate (ANOVA). In conclusion, we demonstrated that @entity19447 exerted a protective effect on LPS-induced @entity647 in @entity35 .

title: @entity11545 protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced XXXX in @entity35 .

answer: @entity647 :: (MESH:D055371,Disease) :: ['acute lung injury']


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced @entity5694 triggers the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and can cause @entity647 ( @entity647 ). The @entity22520 ( @entity22520 ) protein plays an important role as a late mediator of sepsis and @entity647 . @entity11545 ( @entity19447 ) is a central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that inhibits the expression of @entity22520 . This study evaluated the effects of @entity19447 by measuring levels of inflammatory mediators and observing histopathological features associated with LPS-induced @entity647 . Sixty 8-10 week old male @entity35 (200-240 g) were randomized into three groups as follows: control group, LPS group (7.5 mg/kg LPS), and LPS+ @entity19447 group (5 mg/kg @entity19447 before LPS administration). Histopathological examination of lung specimens obtained 12 h after LPS administration was performed to analyze changes in wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio, @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) activity, and @entity22520 expression level. Additionally, plasma concentrations of @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, @entity568 , and @entity22520 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 0 (baseline), 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after LPS administration. Mortality in the three groups was recorded at 72 h. LPS-induced @entity647 was characterized by distortion of @entity358 and elevation of @entity1589 activity, W/D weight ratio, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, @entity568 , and @entity22520 . Pretreatment with @entity19447 significantly reduced the LPS-induced lung pathological changes, W/D weight ratio, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and @entity1589 activity (ANOVA). Moreover, @entity19447 treatment significantly decreased the mortality rate (ANOVA). In conclusion, we demonstrated that @entity19447 exerted a protective effect on LPS-induced @entity647 in @entity35 .

title: @entity11545 protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced @entity647 in XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) are non-specific and thus can make diagnosis difficult, even for an experienced clinician. We aimed to evaluate the timing of diagnosis of @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) and @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ) in Italian hospitals and to identify individual and clinical predictors of timely or delayed diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: MASTER is a multicenter prospective registry of @entity1 with acute @entity1150 and @entity1151 . Information on clinical presentation and diagnostic methods, temporary and permanent risk factors, were captured by an electronic data network at the time of the index event. RESULTS: Data on 2047 @entity1 (1024 males), 1505 with @entity1150 and 542 with @entity1151 , were analysed. Delayed diagnosis (i.e. more than 10 days from onset of symptoms) was observed in 340 (22.6%) @entity1 with @entity1150 and in 88 (16.2%) with @entity1151 , respectively. In @entity1150 @entity1 , factors associated with earlier diagnosis were the presence of multiple signs or symptoms (p=0.014), the presence of @entity158 (p=0.049), and previous @entity49 (p=0.016). Neither the presence of other known risk factors nor ongoing prophylaxis influenced the timing of diagnosis. In @entity1151 @entity1 , only multiple signs or symptoms at presentation (p=0.014) and the presence of transient risk factors (p=0.001) were significantly associated with earlier diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial delays occur when diagnosing both @entity1150 and @entity1151 . The severity of presentation, but not @entity1 risk profile are associated with earlier diagnosis, even in @entity1 with signs or symptoms of @entity1151 .

title: Factors associated with the timing of diagnosis of XXXX : results from the MASTER registry.

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Signs and symptoms of venous thromboembolism', 'VTE']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Carotid intraplaque @entity548 is a marker of @entity1856 instability. Noninvasive assessment of bleeding can be performed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but its association with inflammatory markers has not been clearly demonstrated. METHODS: We evaluated consecutive carotid endarterectomy @entity1 that underwent high-resolution MRI, independent evaluation of neurologic symptoms, @entity1851 measurement, and histologic analysis. Intraplaque @entity548 was determined by the presence of a hyperintense MRI signal (T1-weighted sequence). RESULTS: The study included 70 predominantly male (66%) and @entity101 (89%) @entity1 (89%) aged 66 +/- 9 years old. MR angiography identified 15 @entity1 (21.5%) with @entity850 between 50% and 69%, 15 (21.5%) with @entity850 between 70% and 90%, and 40 (57%) with @entity850 >90%. High-resolution MRI depicted a hyperintense signal suggestive of intraplaque bleeding in 45 subjects (64%). All @entity1 who had had transient @entity63 attacks >90 days before the surgery showed a hyperintense signal on MRI (P = .007). Age, gender, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and history of @entity583 or @entity3657 were similar in @entity1 with or without signs of intraplaque bleeding on MRI. There was excellent agreement between acute or recent @entity548 on histologic and MRI findings (kappa coefficient, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.00). Only one of 45 @entity1 (2%) with a hyperintense signal on MRI did not have acute or recent @entity548 in the histologic analysis (P < .001). High-sensitivity @entity1851 levels were similar for different degrees of @entity543 as assessed by MR angiography, but they were significantly higher in clinically unstable @entity1 (P = .006) and in those with a positive hyperintense MRI signal (P = .01). In an aggregated analysis of neurologic symptoms and MRI findings, we found a progressive increase of high-sensitivity @entity1851 levels (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Intraplaque @entity548 evaluated by MRI identified neurologically unstable @entity1 with increased levels of high-sensitivity @entity1851 regardless of the degree of @entity543 .

title: Intraplaque @entity548 assessed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and XXXX in carotid atherosclerosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['C-reactive protein']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Carotid intraplaque @entity548 is a marker of @entity1856 instability. Noninvasive assessment of bleeding can be performed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but its association with inflammatory markers has not been clearly demonstrated. METHODS: We evaluated consecutive carotid endarterectomy @entity1 that underwent high-resolution MRI, independent evaluation of neurologic symptoms, @entity1851 measurement, and histologic analysis. Intraplaque @entity548 was determined by the presence of a hyperintense MRI signal (T1-weighted sequence). RESULTS: The study included 70 predominantly male (66%) and @entity101 (89%) @entity1 (89%) aged 66 +/- 9 years old. MR angiography identified 15 @entity1 (21.5%) with @entity850 between 50% and 69%, 15 (21.5%) with @entity850 between 70% and 90%, and 40 (57%) with @entity850 >90%. High-resolution MRI depicted a hyperintense signal suggestive of intraplaque bleeding in 45 subjects (64%). All @entity1 who had had transient @entity63 attacks >90 days before the surgery showed a hyperintense signal on MRI (P = .007). Age, gender, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and history of @entity583 or @entity3657 were similar in @entity1 with or without signs of intraplaque bleeding on MRI. There was excellent agreement between acute or recent @entity548 on histologic and MRI findings (kappa coefficient, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.00). Only one of 45 @entity1 (2%) with a hyperintense signal on MRI did not have acute or recent @entity548 in the histologic analysis (P < .001). High-sensitivity @entity1851 levels were similar for different degrees of @entity543 as assessed by MR angiography, but they were significantly higher in clinically unstable @entity1 (P = .006) and in those with a positive hyperintense MRI signal (P = .01). In an aggregated analysis of neurologic symptoms and MRI findings, we found a progressive increase of high-sensitivity @entity1851 levels (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Intraplaque @entity548 evaluated by MRI identified neurologically unstable @entity1 with increased levels of high-sensitivity @entity1851 regardless of the degree of @entity543 .

title: Intraplaque XXXX assessed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and @entity1851 in carotid atherosclerosis.

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhage']


abstract: Little is known about the incidence and clinical outcomes of @entity884 ( @entity884 ) involving native valves in Asian countries. This nationwide study investigated epidemiologic features and in-hospital mortality associated with @entity884 in adults (age > or =18 years) based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance database from 1997 through 2002. Of 7,240 enrolled @entity1 with @entity884 involving native valves, the mean age was 53 +/- 19 years and 70% were @entity1 . The mean annual crude incidence was 7.6 per 100,000 inhabitants. The incidence was significantly higher in @entity1 than in @entity1 (10.4 vs 4.6 per 100,000; p <0.001). The incidence of @entity884 increased steadily with age, ranging from 3.8 per 100,000 @entity1 in @entity1 <30 years of age to 33 per 100,000 @entity1 in @entity1 > or =80 years of age (p <0.001). Staphylococcal (32%) and streptococcal species (61%) were the most common causative pathogens. The mean in-hospital mortality rate was 18%. Multivariate analysis showed that male gender, older age (> or =50 years), @entity6 , @entity712 , @entity16 , @entity177 , @entity1576 , @entity1457 , and Staphylococcus species as the causative microorganism were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. In conclusion, this Taiwanese study revealed a high incidence of @entity884 in @entity1 and elderly subjects. The in-hospital mortality rate remained high. @entity1 with @entity884 who also developed @entity1457 and @entity1576 were the most likely to have a poor outcome.

title: Epidemiologic features of XXXX in Taiwanese adults involving native valves.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic complications']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['IE', 'infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity884 :: (MESH:D004696,Disease) :: ['infective endocarditis']


abstract: Many investigators who have analysed the possible correlation between @entity393 and high serum @entity165 levels have found that hearing appears to be influenced by high blood lipids. Noise, as is well known, also influences hearing, particularly at high frequencies. It increases serum @entity165 levels during short-term experiments. The present investigation addresses the question of a possibly increased ototraumatic influence by the combination of high serum @entity165 levels and occupational noise exposure. Seventy-eight 50-year-old @entity1 with high serum @entity165 levels from a WHO study were compared with 75 50-year-old @entity1 who were randomly selected from the same WHO material. Group mean audiograms showed that hearing was similar in both groups, with a moderate high frequency @entity393 having a configuration suggestive of a noise-induced @entity393 . Analysis of the individual histories and the pure-tone audiograms showed that noise was the most predominant factor influencing hearing at any specific frequency or combination of frequencies. There was a statistically significant tendency for the high- @entity165 group that had suffered the most noise exposure, to have a @entity2198 . There was also a tendency for the low- @entity165 group to have a high-frequency loss if they had been excessively exposed to occupational noise. No further correlations were found. The present results indicate a slightly increased risk of acquiring a high-frequency @entity1274 for @entity1 who work in noisy environments and have high serum @entity165 levels.

title: Is there a relationship between hypercholesterolaemia and noise-induced XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['high-frequency hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['hearing loss']


abstract: From the analysis of 182 consecutive surgical @entity1 who underwent hepatectomy and/or were associated with @entity1575 during 1963-1982, @entity1576 was proved to be so much often in those @entity1 . The case rate of this complication tends to increase according to resected size of liver tissue and severity of @entity1575 . Those cases showed clinical signs of @entity3126 and were often associated with @entity1003 and @entity5694 . In order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of the @entity1576 based on @entity409 , a @entity235 experimental model in which blood inflow into the liver was completely blocked was newly devised, and respiratory state in this model was analysed. The following results were obtained. The increase of EVLW (extravascular lung water) measured by modified double indicator dilution method was linear to the increase of PWP (pulmonary wedge pressure) in both @entity1578 group and control group. But the coefficient of the regression line was three times larger in the former group than in the latter. It suggests that permeability of pulmonary capillary was highly increased in @entity1578 group. All @entity235 with @entity1578 showed typical symptomes of @entity4 at maximal PWP. @entity5642 , consumption of neutrophils, decrease of CH50 and serum opsonin were thought to be mediators of the increase of lung vascular permeability. @entity479 and @entity4770 blocked the increase of the lung vascular permeability completely but not the increase of lung vascular resistance in this experimental model.

title: [Acute @entity1576 based on XXXX in @entity235 @entity409 model].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5694 :: ('MESH:D019446', 'Disease') :: ['endotoxemia']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary interstitial edema']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['lung edema']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['Disseminated intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['acute respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver dysfunction']


abstract: From the analysis of 182 consecutive surgical @entity1 who underwent hepatectomy and/or were associated with @entity1575 during 1963-1982, @entity1576 was proved to be so much often in those @entity1 . The case rate of this complication tends to increase according to resected size of liver tissue and severity of @entity1575 . Those cases showed clinical signs of @entity3126 and were often associated with @entity1003 and @entity5694 . In order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of the @entity1576 based on @entity409 , a @entity235 experimental model in which blood inflow into the liver was completely blocked was newly devised, and respiratory state in this model was analysed. The following results were obtained. The increase of EVLW (extravascular lung water) measured by modified double indicator dilution method was linear to the increase of PWP (pulmonary wedge pressure) in both @entity1578 group and control group. But the coefficient of the regression line was three times larger in the former group than in the latter. It suggests that permeability of pulmonary capillary was highly increased in @entity1578 group. All @entity235 with @entity1578 showed typical symptomes of @entity4 at maximal PWP. @entity5642 , consumption of neutrophils, decrease of CH50 and serum opsonin were thought to be mediators of the increase of lung vascular permeability. @entity479 and @entity4770 blocked the increase of the lung vascular permeability completely but not the increase of lung vascular resistance in this experimental model.

title: [Acute @entity1576 based on @entity409 in @entity235 XXXX model].

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver ischemia']


abstract: From the analysis of 182 consecutive surgical @entity1 who underwent hepatectomy and/or were associated with @entity1575 during 1963-1982, @entity1576 was proved to be so much often in those @entity1 . The case rate of this complication tends to increase according to resected size of liver tissue and severity of @entity1575 . Those cases showed clinical signs of @entity3126 and were often associated with @entity1003 and @entity5694 . In order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of the @entity1576 based on @entity409 , a @entity235 experimental model in which blood inflow into the liver was completely blocked was newly devised, and respiratory state in this model was analysed. The following results were obtained. The increase of EVLW (extravascular lung water) measured by modified double indicator dilution method was linear to the increase of PWP (pulmonary wedge pressure) in both @entity1578 group and control group. But the coefficient of the regression line was three times larger in the former group than in the latter. It suggests that permeability of pulmonary capillary was highly increased in @entity1578 group. All @entity235 with @entity1578 showed typical symptomes of @entity4 at maximal PWP. @entity5642 , consumption of neutrophils, decrease of CH50 and serum opsonin were thought to be mediators of the increase of lung vascular permeability. @entity479 and @entity4770 blocked the increase of the lung vascular permeability completely but not the increase of lung vascular resistance in this experimental model.

title: [Acute XXXX based on @entity409 in @entity235 @entity409 model].

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory failure']


abstract: From the analysis of 182 consecutive surgical @entity1 who underwent hepatectomy and/or were associated with @entity1575 during 1963-1982, @entity1576 was proved to be so much often in those @entity1 . The case rate of this complication tends to increase according to resected size of liver tissue and severity of @entity1575 . Those cases showed clinical signs of @entity3126 and were often associated with @entity1003 and @entity5694 . In order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of the @entity1576 based on @entity409 , a @entity235 experimental model in which blood inflow into the liver was completely blocked was newly devised, and respiratory state in this model was analysed. The following results were obtained. The increase of EVLW (extravascular lung water) measured by modified double indicator dilution method was linear to the increase of PWP (pulmonary wedge pressure) in both @entity1578 group and control group. But the coefficient of the regression line was three times larger in the former group than in the latter. It suggests that permeability of pulmonary capillary was highly increased in @entity1578 group. All @entity235 with @entity1578 showed typical symptomes of @entity4 at maximal PWP. @entity5642 , consumption of neutrophils, decrease of CH50 and serum opsonin were thought to be mediators of the increase of lung vascular permeability. @entity479 and @entity4770 blocked the increase of the lung vascular permeability completely but not the increase of lung vascular resistance in this experimental model.

title: [Acute @entity1576 based on @entity409 in XXXX @entity409 model].

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of primary @entity96 varies between countries. Many of the etiological factors contributing to the geographical variations in incidence are unknown. Development of @entity157 has been linked to levels of trace elements. This review summarizes the evidence associating @entity157 with trace elements. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases were searched. Various inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select the articles for inclusion. Data extraction was performed using a custom designed data extraction form. RESULTS: A total of 12,344 references were identified. Duplicates, 1,597, were excluded. Clearly irrelevant references, 10,676, were excluded through reading titles and abstracts. Some references (59) were excluded by applying the exclusion criteria. Twelve studies including 646 @entity1 and measuring @entity68 content (8), @entity920 content (11), @entity219 (9), and @entity4259 (2) qualified for the review. Although a meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity between the studies, a clear pattern of distribution of the trace elements was discernible. CONCLUSION: @entity68 and @entity219 content are lower in @entity157 than in surrounding tissues or normal controls. @entity920 content is lower in @entity157 than in surrounding tissues and cirrhotic controls. Epidemiological and physiological reasons for the trace element alterations should be further investigated.

title: Trace element concentration in primary XXXX --a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium']

entities_list: @entity920 :: ('MESH:D003300', 'Chemical') :: ['copper', 'Copper']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['liver cancers']


abstract: Between 1978 and 1983, 35 neonates with @entity1498 (from a group of 200 cases with the same pathology) underwent @entity1498 relief. Indications for operation were persistent @entity712 and/or @entity101 . Three surgical techniques were employed: Aortoplasty with prosthetic patch (politetrafluoroethylen) in 23 cases. Repair with subclavian flap in 11 cases, and resection of coarctate segment with and-to-end @entity254 in only one case. It is an important fact the high incidence of @entity299 associated with @entity1498 in neonates. There were 8 deaths (six of them with associated @entity299 , and other with miocardiophaty). There were 8 late deaths and 5 cases with @entity256 , and no @entity101 cases. All others are well in the follow-up. Some of them are waiting for definitive correction of their major @entity299 . The high risk of mortality in this group, mark again the importance of adequate medical treatment previous to surgical correction in optimal conditions and as early as possible.

title: [Surgical management of XXXX in the newborn infant].

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation of the aorta', 'coarctation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital cardiac malformations', 'cardiac malformation', 'cardiac malformations']

answer: @entity1498 :: (MESH:D001017,Disease) :: ['aortic coarctation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a phase I dose escalation study to determine the maximum tolerated dose, recommended dose, and safety profile of a biweekly @entity136 and @entity3003 combination regimen in the treatment of @entity1 with completely resected @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with completely resected pathologically documented stage IB, II, or IIIA @entity1149 , performance status (ECOG) 0-1, with adequate bone marrow, @entity177 , were treated with @entity136 and @entity3003 . The starting dose was @entity136 800 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity3003 area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) 4 mg/mL/min on day 1. @entity136 was increased to 1000 mg/m2 (level 3). @entity3003 was increased to AUC 5 (level 2, 3). The regimen was performed every 4 weeks. The dose-limiting @entity137 of the regimen was assessed during the first chemotherapy cycle. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 were enrolled in this study. All @entity1 were assessed for safety. Grade 3 @entity1431 occurred in 1 @entity1 (11%) and grade 3/4 @entity1398 occurred in 3 @entity1 (33%). No other grade 3/4 @entity137 was observed. No dose-limiting @entity137 was experienced at dose levels 1, 2, and 3 of this schedule. CONCLUSION: Maximum tolerated dose was not reached in this study. Considering treatment continuation, the recommended dose for a phase II study is @entity136 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity3003 AUC 5 on day 1, every 4 weeks. Biweekly administration of @entity136 and @entity3003 is a feasible and well-tolerated regimen for the treatment of @entity1 with completely resected @entity1149 as adjuvant chemotherapy.

title: A phase I dose escalation study of biweekly @entity136 and @entity3003 in completely resected stage IB-IIIA XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'nonsmall cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal, liver, and cardiac functions']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['nonsmall cell lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a phase I dose escalation study to determine the maximum tolerated dose, recommended dose, and safety profile of a biweekly @entity136 and @entity3003 combination regimen in the treatment of @entity1 with completely resected @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with completely resected pathologically documented stage IB, II, or IIIA @entity1149 , performance status (ECOG) 0-1, with adequate bone marrow, @entity177 , were treated with @entity136 and @entity3003 . The starting dose was @entity136 800 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity3003 area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) 4 mg/mL/min on day 1. @entity136 was increased to 1000 mg/m2 (level 3). @entity3003 was increased to AUC 5 (level 2, 3). The regimen was performed every 4 weeks. The dose-limiting @entity137 of the regimen was assessed during the first chemotherapy cycle. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 were enrolled in this study. All @entity1 were assessed for safety. Grade 3 @entity1431 occurred in 1 @entity1 (11%) and grade 3/4 @entity1398 occurred in 3 @entity1 (33%). No other grade 3/4 @entity137 was observed. No dose-limiting @entity137 was experienced at dose levels 1, 2, and 3 of this schedule. CONCLUSION: Maximum tolerated dose was not reached in this study. Considering treatment continuation, the recommended dose for a phase II study is @entity136 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity3003 AUC 5 on day 1, every 4 weeks. Biweekly administration of @entity136 and @entity3003 is a feasible and well-tolerated regimen for the treatment of @entity1 with completely resected @entity1149 as adjuvant chemotherapy.

title: A phase I dose escalation study of biweekly @entity136 and XXXX in completely resected stage IB-IIIA @entity1149 .

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a phase I dose escalation study to determine the maximum tolerated dose, recommended dose, and safety profile of a biweekly @entity136 and @entity3003 combination regimen in the treatment of @entity1 with completely resected @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with completely resected pathologically documented stage IB, II, or IIIA @entity1149 , performance status (ECOG) 0-1, with adequate bone marrow, @entity177 , were treated with @entity136 and @entity3003 . The starting dose was @entity136 800 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity3003 area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) 4 mg/mL/min on day 1. @entity136 was increased to 1000 mg/m2 (level 3). @entity3003 was increased to AUC 5 (level 2, 3). The regimen was performed every 4 weeks. The dose-limiting @entity137 of the regimen was assessed during the first chemotherapy cycle. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 were enrolled in this study. All @entity1 were assessed for safety. Grade 3 @entity1431 occurred in 1 @entity1 (11%) and grade 3/4 @entity1398 occurred in 3 @entity1 (33%). No other grade 3/4 @entity137 was observed. No dose-limiting @entity137 was experienced at dose levels 1, 2, and 3 of this schedule. CONCLUSION: Maximum tolerated dose was not reached in this study. Considering treatment continuation, the recommended dose for a phase II study is @entity136 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity3003 AUC 5 on day 1, every 4 weeks. Biweekly administration of @entity136 and @entity3003 is a feasible and well-tolerated regimen for the treatment of @entity1 with completely resected @entity1149 as adjuvant chemotherapy.

title: A phase I dose escalation study of biweekly XXXX and @entity3003 in completely resected stage IB-IIIA @entity1149 .

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There is scarce data on the clinical profile of adult Brazilian @entity1 with @entity1985 caused by @entity1987 ( @entity1987 ) and @entity628 . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical characteristics and response to treatment in adult @entity1 with @entity1985 having a histological diagnosis of @entity1987 or @entity15168 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 50 @entity1 with @entity1987 and 120 with @entity15168 . All @entity1 were initially treated with @entity230 . The study outcomes were: @entity479 responsiveness, prevalence of total remission, progression to @entity177 and need of renal replacement therapy due to @entity454 ( @entity454 ). RESULTS: Initial serum @entity1011 level was 24% higher among @entity1 with @entity15168 (p = 0.02), and @entity644 levels were 36% higher in @entity1987 (p < 0.001). @entity1 with @entity1987 were sensitive to @entity479 therapy in 80% of the cases, with total remission in 74%, while @entity1 with @entity15168 were sensitive in 58% (p = 0.01), with total remission in 30% (p = 0.002). @entity1 with @entity15168 had an @entity810 prevalence of 39% (vs. 12%, p = 0.013) and @entity454 of 10% (vs. 0%, p < 0.001). @entity479 responsiveness reduced in 83% the risk of @entity454 (p < 0.001), while total remission was associated to a reduction in risk of 89% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A positive response to @entity479 therapy was the most important factor related with preservation of renal function and @entity15168 was related with less @entity479 responsiveness.

title: @entity1987 and XXXX in adults: response to @entity230 and risk of @entity177 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1987 :: ('MESH:D009402', 'Disease') :: ['MCD', 'minimal change disease']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

entities_list: @entity628 :: ('MESH:D005923', 'Disease') :: ['focal segmental glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity479 :: ('D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid', 'steroid']

answer: @entity628 :: (MESH:D005923,Disease) :: ['focal segmental glomerulosclerosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There is scarce data on the clinical profile of adult Brazilian @entity1 with @entity1985 caused by @entity1987 ( @entity1987 ) and @entity628 . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical characteristics and response to treatment in adult @entity1 with @entity1985 having a histological diagnosis of @entity1987 or @entity15168 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 50 @entity1 with @entity1987 and 120 with @entity15168 . All @entity1 were initially treated with @entity230 . The study outcomes were: @entity479 responsiveness, prevalence of total remission, progression to @entity177 and need of renal replacement therapy due to @entity454 ( @entity454 ). RESULTS: Initial serum @entity1011 level was 24% higher among @entity1 with @entity15168 (p = 0.02), and @entity644 levels were 36% higher in @entity1987 (p < 0.001). @entity1 with @entity1987 were sensitive to @entity479 therapy in 80% of the cases, with total remission in 74%, while @entity1 with @entity15168 were sensitive in 58% (p = 0.01), with total remission in 30% (p = 0.002). @entity1 with @entity15168 had an @entity810 prevalence of 39% (vs. 12%, p = 0.013) and @entity454 of 10% (vs. 0%, p < 0.001). @entity479 responsiveness reduced in 83% the risk of @entity454 (p < 0.001), while total remission was associated to a reduction in risk of 89% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A positive response to @entity479 therapy was the most important factor related with preservation of renal function and @entity15168 was related with less @entity479 responsiveness.

title: XXXX and @entity628 in adults: response to @entity230 and risk of @entity177 .

answer: @entity1987 :: (MESH:D009402,Disease) :: ['Minimal change disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There is scarce data on the clinical profile of adult Brazilian @entity1 with @entity1985 caused by @entity1987 ( @entity1987 ) and @entity628 . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical characteristics and response to treatment in adult @entity1 with @entity1985 having a histological diagnosis of @entity1987 or @entity15168 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 50 @entity1 with @entity1987 and 120 with @entity15168 . All @entity1 were initially treated with @entity230 . The study outcomes were: @entity479 responsiveness, prevalence of total remission, progression to @entity177 and need of renal replacement therapy due to @entity454 ( @entity454 ). RESULTS: Initial serum @entity1011 level was 24% higher among @entity1 with @entity15168 (p = 0.02), and @entity644 levels were 36% higher in @entity1987 (p < 0.001). @entity1 with @entity1987 were sensitive to @entity479 therapy in 80% of the cases, with total remission in 74%, while @entity1 with @entity15168 were sensitive in 58% (p = 0.01), with total remission in 30% (p = 0.002). @entity1 with @entity15168 had an @entity810 prevalence of 39% (vs. 12%, p = 0.013) and @entity454 of 10% (vs. 0%, p < 0.001). @entity479 responsiveness reduced in 83% the risk of @entity454 (p < 0.001), while total remission was associated to a reduction in risk of 89% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A positive response to @entity479 therapy was the most important factor related with preservation of renal function and @entity15168 was related with less @entity479 responsiveness.

title: @entity1987 and @entity628 in adults: response to XXXX and risk of @entity177 .

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There is scarce data on the clinical profile of adult Brazilian @entity1 with @entity1985 caused by @entity1987 ( @entity1987 ) and @entity628 . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical characteristics and response to treatment in adult @entity1 with @entity1985 having a histological diagnosis of @entity1987 or @entity15168 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 50 @entity1 with @entity1987 and 120 with @entity15168 . All @entity1 were initially treated with @entity230 . The study outcomes were: @entity479 responsiveness, prevalence of total remission, progression to @entity177 and need of renal replacement therapy due to @entity454 ( @entity454 ). RESULTS: Initial serum @entity1011 level was 24% higher among @entity1 with @entity15168 (p = 0.02), and @entity644 levels were 36% higher in @entity1987 (p < 0.001). @entity1 with @entity1987 were sensitive to @entity479 therapy in 80% of the cases, with total remission in 74%, while @entity1 with @entity15168 were sensitive in 58% (p = 0.01), with total remission in 30% (p = 0.002). @entity1 with @entity15168 had an @entity810 prevalence of 39% (vs. 12%, p = 0.013) and @entity454 of 10% (vs. 0%, p < 0.001). @entity479 responsiveness reduced in 83% the risk of @entity454 (p < 0.001), while total remission was associated to a reduction in risk of 89% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A positive response to @entity479 therapy was the most important factor related with preservation of renal function and @entity15168 was related with less @entity479 responsiveness.

title: @entity1987 and @entity628 in adults: response to @entity230 and risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['renal failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study new and easy way to calculate equations to predict ionized @entity460 ( @entity141 ) for adult hospitalized @entity1 with usual laboratory and clinical parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study conducted in a third-level university hospital. An initial learning cohort (cohort L: 269 @entity1 ) was selected to deriving the new equations. These equations were tested in a validation of another cohort (cohort V: 146 @entity1 ). @entity1 selected were hospitalized adults that had simultaneous determinations of @entity141 and serum total @entity460 (CaTot). They were classified using their estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFRe) into normal function, moderate, and severe @entity8 . Demographic and biochemical parameters, in addition to comorbidities, were collected from hospital databases. Nine published equations to predict @entity141 and two widely-used equations to predict corrected CaTot were also selected to compare to newer equations in accuracy in detecting serum @entity460 alterations. New equations were derived by a multiple linear-regression analysis from @entity1 in cohort L. RESULTS: Three equations were derived containing CaTot square root as the main independent variable Eq. 1: @entity141 = 0.815 * CaTot0.5. Eq. 2: @entity141 = 0.826 * CaTot0.5 - 0.023 * RF. Eq 3: @entity141 = 0.813 * CaTot0.5 - 0.006 * Alb0.75 + 0.079. These equations performed better than published equations to predict @entity141 when analyzed their error measures in the cohort V, even in special populations as critically ill and very old @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Three new equations predicting @entity141 were derived requiring easy available clinical and laboratory parameters. They could be valuable in predicting @entity3747 , but of limited use in @entity2741 .

title: New Predictive Equations for Serum Ionized XXXX in Hospitalized @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study new and easy way to calculate equations to predict ionized @entity460 ( @entity141 ) for adult hospitalized @entity1 with usual laboratory and clinical parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study conducted in a third-level university hospital. An initial learning cohort (cohort L: 269 @entity1 ) was selected to deriving the new equations. These equations were tested in a validation of another cohort (cohort V: 146 @entity1 ). @entity1 selected were hospitalized adults that had simultaneous determinations of @entity141 and serum total @entity460 (CaTot). They were classified using their estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFRe) into normal function, moderate, and severe @entity8 . Demographic and biochemical parameters, in addition to comorbidities, were collected from hospital databases. Nine published equations to predict @entity141 and two widely-used equations to predict corrected CaTot were also selected to compare to newer equations in accuracy in detecting serum @entity460 alterations. New equations were derived by a multiple linear-regression analysis from @entity1 in cohort L. RESULTS: Three equations were derived containing CaTot square root as the main independent variable Eq. 1: @entity141 = 0.815 * CaTot0.5. Eq. 2: @entity141 = 0.826 * CaTot0.5 - 0.023 * RF. Eq 3: @entity141 = 0.813 * CaTot0.5 - 0.006 * Alb0.75 + 0.079. These equations performed better than published equations to predict @entity141 when analyzed their error measures in the cohort V, even in special populations as critically ill and very old @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Three new equations predicting @entity141 were derived requiring easy available clinical and laboratory parameters. They could be valuable in predicting @entity3747 , but of limited use in @entity2741 .

title: New Predictive Equations for Serum Ionized @entity460 in Hospitalized XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since the early 1990s, pylorus-preserving gastrectomy ( @entity18654 ) has been used in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity356 in order to reduce postprandial symptoms. To date, there have been few reports of long-term symptom evaluation following this procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term postoperative outcomes after @entity18654 . METHODS: Three hundred and ninety-seven @entity1 with @entity356 were enrolled in this study: 194 @entity1 who underwent @entity18654 and 203 who underwent distal gastrectomy with Billroth-I reconstruction (DGBI). We compared the symptoms for the two groups in a questionnaire on postoperative functional outcomes, endoscopy findings and the appearance of @entity5990 after surgery. RESULTS: The incidence of symptoms suggesting @entity11315 was significantly lower in the @entity18654 group compared with the DGBI group (P < 0.05). The incidences of disturbed bowel habit and frequent flatus were significantly lower in the @entity18654 than in the DGBI group. The average relative body weight (actual BW/ BW immediately before the surgery) was significantly better in the @entity18654 than in the DGBI group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The long-term results show that @entity18654 has clear advantages over DGBI in terms of postoperative symptoms and functional outcomes. These results imply that @entity18654 should be the recommended procedure for early @entity356 located in the middle third of the stomach.

title: Symptom evaluation of long-term postoperative outcomes after pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity11315 :: ('MESH:D004377', 'Disease') :: ['early dumping syndrome']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['early gastric cancer', 'gastric cancers']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['early gastric cancer']


abstract: METHODS: We studied four @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity177 who developed sudden @entity4790 . The clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, MR imaging findings, and clinical outcome in each @entity1 were evaluated. RESULTS: All four @entity1 had long-term @entity6 and severe azotaemia. Brain MR findings consisted of bilateral symmetric @entity21 , with decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images. All three @entity1 who underwent diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) showed signal intensities similar to those of the surroundings in regions corresponding to increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images, with slightly increased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. Two of the @entity1 showed small focal areas of restricted diffusion within the @entity21 . After haemodialysis, follow-up MR imaging in all @entity1 demonstrated that the @entity21 had regressed markedly, with some residual changes. The @entity717 also improved in all @entity1 . CONCLUSION: A syndrome associated with acute bilateral @entity21 in @entity6 @entity1 is rare, with reversible changes demonstrated by clinical and imaging findings. DWI showed that the bilateral @entity21 in this syndrome were primarily vasogenic in origin, although there were small foci of @entity2657 .

title: Acute bilateral @entity21 in XXXX : diffusion-weighted MRI.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxic oedema within the lesions']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic uraemic', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity4790 :: ('MESH:D002819', 'Disease') :: ['choreic movement disorders']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['basal ganglia lesions']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic uraemia']