abstract: PURPOSE: An unusually high incidence of @entity5417 was observed during a phase I/II trial of high-dose intravenous @entity205 (CsA) therapy to @entity5 multidrug resistance (MDR). Five of 21 @entity1 experienced severe @entity5417 shortly after initiation of the first or second CsA infusion. We hypothesized that improper dissolution of the vehicle Cremophor EL may have been a cause for these @entity5417 . METHODS: All nurses who had administered intravenous @entity870 were interviewed regarding their technique of preparing the infusion and the occurrence of an anaphylactoid reaction. The responses were statistically analyzed. The effect of various mixing techniques on the distribution of Cremophor EL in the infusion was experimentally evaluated. Different mixing techniques were used to assess their effect on the distribution of Cremophor EL in the solution. RESULTS: Analysis of the preparation techniques of the CsA infusion showed significant correlation between suboptimal mixing of CsA by nurses and the occurrence of @entity5417 (P = .02). Experimental simulation showed that suboptimal mixing results in an uneven distribution of Cremophor EL, which subsequently sinks to the bottom of the vial. CONCLUSION: Improper mixing of high-dose CsA infusions causes nonsolubilized Cremophor EL to sink to the outflow area of the bottle. An initial bolus infusion of highly concentrated Cremophor EL may produce an anaphylactoid-like response. This mechanism of @entity137 is important to recognize, because it is easily preventable by proper preparation of the infusion, thus reducing the incidence of potentially life-threatening @entity5417 .

title: Anaphylactoid reactions in @entity1 receiving high-dose intravenous @entity205 for reversal of XXXX resistance: the causative role of improper dissolution of Cremophor EL.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: An unusually high incidence of @entity5417 was observed during a phase I/II trial of high-dose intravenous @entity205 (CsA) therapy to @entity5 multidrug resistance (MDR). Five of 21 @entity1 experienced severe @entity5417 shortly after initiation of the first or second CsA infusion. We hypothesized that improper dissolution of the vehicle Cremophor EL may have been a cause for these @entity5417 . METHODS: All nurses who had administered intravenous @entity870 were interviewed regarding their technique of preparing the infusion and the occurrence of an anaphylactoid reaction. The responses were statistically analyzed. The effect of various mixing techniques on the distribution of Cremophor EL in the infusion was experimentally evaluated. Different mixing techniques were used to assess their effect on the distribution of Cremophor EL in the solution. RESULTS: Analysis of the preparation techniques of the CsA infusion showed significant correlation between suboptimal mixing of CsA by nurses and the occurrence of @entity5417 (P = .02). Experimental simulation showed that suboptimal mixing results in an uneven distribution of Cremophor EL, which subsequently sinks to the bottom of the vial. CONCLUSION: Improper mixing of high-dose CsA infusions causes nonsolubilized Cremophor EL to sink to the outflow area of the bottle. An initial bolus infusion of highly concentrated Cremophor EL may produce an anaphylactoid-like response. This mechanism of @entity137 is important to recognize, because it is easily preventable by proper preparation of the infusion, thus reducing the incidence of potentially life-threatening @entity5417 .

title: Anaphylactoid reactions in XXXX receiving high-dose intravenous @entity205 for reversal of @entity5 resistance: the causative role of improper dissolution of Cremophor EL.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['attenuate tumor']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity5417 :: ('MESH:D011695', 'Disease') :: ['anaphylactoid reactions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Loss of the ability of @entity3437 . "phaseolicola" NPS3121 to elicit a hypersensitive response on @entity286 and other nonhost plants was associated with loss of pathogenicity on the susceptible host bean. Eight independent, prototrophic transposon Tn5 insertion mutants which had lost the ability to elicit a hypersensitive response on @entity286 plants were identified. Six of these mutants no longer produced disease lesions on primary leaves of the susceptible bean cultivar Red Kidney and failed to elicit a hypersensitive response on the resistant bean cultivar Red Mexican and on the nonhost plants @entity523 , @entity11314 , and @entity1460 . The two remaining mutants had reduced pathogenicity on Red @entity11297 and elicited variable hypersensitive responses on the other plants tested. Southern blot analysis indicated that each mutant carried a single independent Tn5 insertion in one of three EcoRI fragments of about 17, 7, and 5 kilobases. Marker exchange mutagenesis further supported the conclusion that the pleiotropic mutant phenotype was not associated with multiple Tn5 insertions. A genomic library of the wild-type strain was constructed in the cosmid vector pLAFR3. A recombinant plasmid, designated pPL6, that carried @entity3437 . "phaseolicola" genomic sequences was identified by colony hybridization. This plasmid restored the wild-type phenotype to all but one mutant, suggesting that genes affected by the insertions were clustered. Structural analysis of pPL6 and the wild-type genome indicated that the 17- and 5-kilobase EcoRI fragments were contiguous in the strain NPS3121 genome.

title: Gene cluster of XXXX . "phaseolicola" controls pathogenicity of bean plants and hypersensitivity of nonhost plants.

entities_list: @entity3437 :: ('317', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas syringae pv', 'P. syringae pv']

answer: @entity3437 :: (317,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas syringae pv']


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated single-agent intravenous (IV) @entity1206 as first- and second-line treatment for @entity0 ( @entity0 ) in @entity1 who were not resistant to @entity8253 . Objective @entity5 response (TR) and @entity137 were assessed. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 107 @entity1 were enrolled onto this multicenter, nonrandomized, open-label phase II study. @entity1 were stratified into first- and second-line treatment groups, based on prior treatment history. @entity1206 was initially given at 30 mg/m2/wk, with dose modification for @entity137 as indicated. Therapy was continued until disease progression or severe @entity137 mandated withdrawal or until the @entity1 asked to be removed from the study. RESULTS: The objective response rate for all @entity1 was 34% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25% to 44%): 35% (95% CI, 23% to 48%) for first-line @entity1 and 32% (95% CI, 20% to 47%) for second-line @entity1 . Nine first-line and three second-line @entity1 obtained a complete response (CR). The median duration of objective response was 34 weeks in both groups. The overall survival durations of first- and second-line @entity1 were 67 weeks and 62 weeks, respectively. @entity3028 was the predominant dose-limiting @entity137 . Two @entity1 died on study as a result of @entity295 . CONCLUSION: Single-agent @entity1206 is an effective and well-tolerated agent for first- and second-line therapy of @entity0 . The results of this study confirm the findings of similar international trials and suggest @entity1206 should be considered a valid treatment option for @entity1 with @entity0 and a potential component in future combination regimens for this disease.

title: Intravenous @entity1206 as first-line and second-line therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytopenic sepsis']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['advanced breast cancer', 'ABC']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine', 'Vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['Granulocytopenia']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['advanced breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated single-agent intravenous (IV) @entity1206 as first- and second-line treatment for @entity0 ( @entity0 ) in @entity1 who were not resistant to @entity8253 . Objective @entity5 response (TR) and @entity137 were assessed. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 107 @entity1 were enrolled onto this multicenter, nonrandomized, open-label phase II study. @entity1 were stratified into first- and second-line treatment groups, based on prior treatment history. @entity1206 was initially given at 30 mg/m2/wk, with dose modification for @entity137 as indicated. Therapy was continued until disease progression or severe @entity137 mandated withdrawal or until the @entity1 asked to be removed from the study. RESULTS: The objective response rate for all @entity1 was 34% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25% to 44%): 35% (95% CI, 23% to 48%) for first-line @entity1 and 32% (95% CI, 20% to 47%) for second-line @entity1 . Nine first-line and three second-line @entity1 obtained a complete response (CR). The median duration of objective response was 34 weeks in both groups. The overall survival durations of first- and second-line @entity1 were 67 weeks and 62 weeks, respectively. @entity3028 was the predominant dose-limiting @entity137 . Two @entity1 died on study as a result of @entity295 . CONCLUSION: Single-agent @entity1206 is an effective and well-tolerated agent for first- and second-line therapy of @entity0 . The results of this study confirm the findings of similar international trials and suggest @entity1206 should be considered a valid treatment option for @entity1 with @entity0 and a potential component in future combination regimens for this disease.

title: Intravenous XXXX as first-line and second-line therapy in @entity0 .

answer: @entity1206 :: (MESH:C030852,Chemical) :: ['vinorelbine']


abstract: PURPOSE: In a randomized clinical trial (European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] no. 40813) on adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity356 , results obtained after administration of the FAM2 regimen ( @entity1487 [ @entity1487 ], @entity632 , and @entity1138 ) were compared with results obtained after surgery alone to assess the effect of this regimen on overall survival, time to progression, and disease-free interval. @entity1 AND METHODS: Three hundred fourteen @entity1 who had undergone curative resection for stage II or stage III (International Union Against Cancer [UICC] 1978) @entity356 were randomized to receive chemotherapy (treatment arm) or no further treatment (control arm). The chemotherapy schedule was repeated every 43 days for seven cycles. The log-rank test and the Cox model were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of 314 @entity1 , 159 comprised the control group and 155 the FAM2 group. Nineteen FAM2 @entity1 never received chemotherapy. The median number of cycles was five. Of the @entity1 started on adjuvant treatment, severe @entity1503 (grades 3 or 4, World Health Organization [WHO] scale) occurred, respectively, in 6% to 9% and in 1% to 29% of cases. The overall 5-year survival rate was 70% for stage II and 32% for stage III @entity1 . No statistically significant difference was found between overall survival of the two treatment arms (P = .295). However, time to progression was significantly delayed in the FAM2 arm (P = .020) and disease-free survival showed borderline significance (P = .068). CONCLUSION: FAM2, in view of its high @entity137 , cannot be advocated as standard adjuvant treatment for @entity356 . Large-scale clinical trials using more active, less toxic regimens are required to demonstrate whether adjuvant chemotherapy provides any real benefit.

title: Final results of a phase III clinical trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with the modified @entity1487 , @entity632 , and XXXX regimen in resectable @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic and nonhematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', 'fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin']


abstract: PURPOSE: In a randomized clinical trial (European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] no. 40813) on adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity356 , results obtained after administration of the FAM2 regimen ( @entity1487 [ @entity1487 ], @entity632 , and @entity1138 ) were compared with results obtained after surgery alone to assess the effect of this regimen on overall survival, time to progression, and disease-free interval. @entity1 AND METHODS: Three hundred fourteen @entity1 who had undergone curative resection for stage II or stage III (International Union Against Cancer [UICC] 1978) @entity356 were randomized to receive chemotherapy (treatment arm) or no further treatment (control arm). The chemotherapy schedule was repeated every 43 days for seven cycles. The log-rank test and the Cox model were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of 314 @entity1 , 159 comprised the control group and 155 the FAM2 group. Nineteen FAM2 @entity1 never received chemotherapy. The median number of cycles was five. Of the @entity1 started on adjuvant treatment, severe @entity1503 (grades 3 or 4, World Health Organization [WHO] scale) occurred, respectively, in 6% to 9% and in 1% to 29% of cases. The overall 5-year survival rate was 70% for stage II and 32% for stage III @entity1 . No statistically significant difference was found between overall survival of the two treatment arms (P = .295). However, time to progression was significantly delayed in the FAM2 arm (P = .020) and disease-free survival showed borderline significance (P = .068). CONCLUSION: FAM2, in view of its high @entity137 , cannot be advocated as standard adjuvant treatment for @entity356 . Large-scale clinical trials using more active, less toxic regimens are required to demonstrate whether adjuvant chemotherapy provides any real benefit.

title: Final results of a phase III clinical trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with the modified @entity1487 , XXXX , and @entity1138 regimen in resectable @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: PURPOSE: In a randomized clinical trial (European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] no. 40813) on adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity356 , results obtained after administration of the FAM2 regimen ( @entity1487 [ @entity1487 ], @entity632 , and @entity1138 ) were compared with results obtained after surgery alone to assess the effect of this regimen on overall survival, time to progression, and disease-free interval. @entity1 AND METHODS: Three hundred fourteen @entity1 who had undergone curative resection for stage II or stage III (International Union Against Cancer [UICC] 1978) @entity356 were randomized to receive chemotherapy (treatment arm) or no further treatment (control arm). The chemotherapy schedule was repeated every 43 days for seven cycles. The log-rank test and the Cox model were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of 314 @entity1 , 159 comprised the control group and 155 the FAM2 group. Nineteen FAM2 @entity1 never received chemotherapy. The median number of cycles was five. Of the @entity1 started on adjuvant treatment, severe @entity1503 (grades 3 or 4, World Health Organization [WHO] scale) occurred, respectively, in 6% to 9% and in 1% to 29% of cases. The overall 5-year survival rate was 70% for stage II and 32% for stage III @entity1 . No statistically significant difference was found between overall survival of the two treatment arms (P = .295). However, time to progression was significantly delayed in the FAM2 arm (P = .020) and disease-free survival showed borderline significance (P = .068). CONCLUSION: FAM2, in view of its high @entity137 , cannot be advocated as standard adjuvant treatment for @entity356 . Large-scale clinical trials using more active, less toxic regimens are required to demonstrate whether adjuvant chemotherapy provides any real benefit.

title: Final results of a phase III clinical trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with the modified XXXX , @entity632 , and @entity1138 regimen in resectable @entity356 .

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['fluorouracil']


abstract: PURPOSE: In a randomized clinical trial (European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] no. 40813) on adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity356 , results obtained after administration of the FAM2 regimen ( @entity1487 [ @entity1487 ], @entity632 , and @entity1138 ) were compared with results obtained after surgery alone to assess the effect of this regimen on overall survival, time to progression, and disease-free interval. @entity1 AND METHODS: Three hundred fourteen @entity1 who had undergone curative resection for stage II or stage III (International Union Against Cancer [UICC] 1978) @entity356 were randomized to receive chemotherapy (treatment arm) or no further treatment (control arm). The chemotherapy schedule was repeated every 43 days for seven cycles. The log-rank test and the Cox model were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of 314 @entity1 , 159 comprised the control group and 155 the FAM2 group. Nineteen FAM2 @entity1 never received chemotherapy. The median number of cycles was five. Of the @entity1 started on adjuvant treatment, severe @entity1503 (grades 3 or 4, World Health Organization [WHO] scale) occurred, respectively, in 6% to 9% and in 1% to 29% of cases. The overall 5-year survival rate was 70% for stage II and 32% for stage III @entity1 . No statistically significant difference was found between overall survival of the two treatment arms (P = .295). However, time to progression was significantly delayed in the FAM2 arm (P = .020) and disease-free survival showed borderline significance (P = .068). CONCLUSION: FAM2, in view of its high @entity137 , cannot be advocated as standard adjuvant treatment for @entity356 . Large-scale clinical trials using more active, less toxic regimens are required to demonstrate whether adjuvant chemotherapy provides any real benefit.

title: Final results of a phase III clinical trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with the modified @entity1487 , @entity632 , and @entity1138 regimen in resectable XXXX .

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the @entity137 , maximal-tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetic profile, and potential antitumor activity of @entity8642 , a novel thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with advanced solid @entity5 were administered @entity8642 intravenously over 10 minutes, weekly for 4 weeks, every 42 days. Dose escalation was based on the modified continual reassessment method (MCRM), with one @entity1 treated at each minimally toxic dose level. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in all @entity1 . RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 were administered 58 courses of @entity8642 at doses that ranged from 10 to 40 mg/m2/wk. Reversible @entity1398 was the dose-limiting @entity137 . Inability to maintain the weekly treatment schedule due to @entity1398 limited dose escalation on this schedule. Nonhematologic @entity137 observed included mild @entity1295 , @entity448 , and @entity390 . At the 40-mg/m2/wk dose level, the mean harmonic half-life, maximum plasma concentration, clearance, and apparent volume of distribution at steady-state were 2.02 hours, 11.20 micrograms/mL, 52.3 mL/min/m2, and 6.64 L/m2, respectively. No major antitumor responses were observed; however, minor responses were achieved in two @entity1 with advanced @entity14 . CONCLUSION: The dose-limiting @entity137 , MTD, and recommended phase II dose of @entity8642 when administered weekly for 4 weeks every 42 days are @entity1398 , 40 mg/m2, and 30 mg/m2, respectively.

title: Initial phase I evaluation of the novel thymidylate synthase inhibitor, XXXX , using the modified continual reassessment method for dose escalation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity8642 :: (MESH:C085586,Chemical) :: ['LY231514']


abstract: In a prospective randomized trial, we compared the effectiveness of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (RATG) in the treatment of acute renal allograft rejection with the results of treatment by high oral doses of @entity229 . Fifty recipients of cadaveric kidneys were included in each group. In the RATG group, the @entity229 dose was not increased and a dose-by-rosette protocol was used to keep T cell levels between 50 and 150/mm. The three-month and one-year graft survival rates in the RATG group were 84% and 78%, and were significantly higher than those in the @entity229 group (64% and 50%). A significant difference in @entity1 survival could also be detected. In the RATG group the three-months and one-year @entity1 survival rates were 100% and 98%, and @entity1 survival rates in the @entity229 group were 91% and 84%, respectively. The percentage of second rejections was higher in the @entity229 group and 70% of these @entity1 showed a good response to subsequent RATG treatment. Renal function after six months was similar in both groups. No serious side effects were encountered in the RATG group. The incidence of @entity281 was the same in both groups. Treatment of acute rejections with RATG is preferable to @entity229 treatment. It improves long-term graft and @entity1 survival and is steroid-sparing.

title: Improved XXXX and graft survival after treatment of acute rejections of cadaveric renal allografts with rabbit antithymocyte globulin.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: Nine homosexual @entity1 with immune @entity882 were treated with autologous plasma that had been perfused over @entity3440 -immobilized @entity794 protein A ( @entity11028 ). Pretreatment platelet counts ranged from 10,000 to 98,000 cells/mm3 (mean: 54,000 cells/mm3). Six @entity1 responded to therapy. Platelets increased by a mean of 95,000 cells/mm3 (p less than 0.007) and reached normal levels (greater than 150,000 cells/mm3) in four @entity1 . @entity1423 are presently sustained in these four individuals after 5 months of follow-up. Increases in platelet counts significantly correlated with decreases in platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG), platelet-directed IgG (PDIgG), and immune complexes (CIC). PAIgG and PDIgG declined by a mean of 67% (p less than 0.003) and 58% (p less than 0.007), respectively. CIC decreased by a mean of 37% (p = 0.02). Complement was concomitantly activated in all four examined @entity1 . C3a and C5a increased 23-fold and 2.6-fold, respectively, while total hemolytic complement decreased by 50%. Activated complement components and removal of CIC and IgG thus may contribute to the platelet-enhancing activity of @entity11028 immunoadsorption therapy.

title: Protein A immunoadsorption therapy in HIV-related immune XXXX : a preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['Increased platelet counts']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['thrombocytopenia']


abstract: The current clinical standard of organ respiratory imaging, 4D-CT, is fundamentally limited by poor soft-tissue contrast and imaging dose. These limitations are potential barriers to beneficial "4D" radiotherapy methods which optimize the target and OAR dose-volume considering breathing motion but rely on a robust motion characterization. Conversely, MRI imparts no known radiation risk and has excellent soft-tissue contrast. MRI-based motion management is therefore highly desirable and holds great promise to improve radiotherapy of moving @entity5 , particularly in the abdomen. Over the past decade, MRI techniques have improved significantly, making MR-based motion management clinically feasible. For example, cine MRI has high temporal resolution up to 10 f/s and has been used to track and/or characterize @entity5 motion, study correlation between external and internal motions. New MR technologies, such as 4D-MRI and MRI hybrid treatment machines (i.e. MR-linac or MR-Co60), have been recently developed. These technologies can lead to more accurate target volume determination and more precise radiation dose delivery via direct @entity5 gating or tracking. Despite all these promises, great challenges exist and the achievable clinical benefit of MRI-based @entity5 motion management has yet to be fully explored, much less realized. In this proposal, we will review novel MR-based motion management methods and technologies, the state-of-the-art concerning MRI development and clinical application and the barriers to more widespread adoption. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.Discuss the need of MR-based motion management for improving @entity1 care in radiotherapy.2.Understand MR techniques for motion imaging and @entity5 motion characterization.3.Understand the current state of the art and future steps for clinical integration.Henry Ford Health System holds research agreements with Philips Healthcare. Research sponsored in part by a Henry Ford Health System Internal Mentored Grant.

title: TU-PIS-Exhibit Hall-1: Tools for Collecting and Analyzing XXXX Dose Index Information from Imaging Equipment.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: Information regarding the use of brightness-mode (B-mode) ultrasound for separately measuring the thickness of subcutaneous fat and skeletal muscle in the @entity291 area was evaluated. Subjects were volunteers, 32 @entity1 and 32 @entity1 college students. Fat was measured with skinfold calipers and B-mode ultrasound. We used @entity291 circumference and B-mode ultrasound simultaneously to assess muscle size. Ultrasonic measurements of both fat and muscle were repeated within 30 minutes to evaluate reliability. @entity1 were 24 percent heavier than @entity1 but had a thinner fat layer as measured by skinfolds (49%) and ultrasound (29%). @entity1 also had a relatively larger @entity291 muscle as assessed by circumference (7%) and ultrasound (29%). Intraclass correlation coefficients were no less than .99 for repeated ultrasonic measurements of both fat and muscle for @entity1 and @entity1 ; therefore, these procedures are reliable for at least a short period of time. Associations between skinfolds and fat sonograms were high in @entity1 (r = .87) and moderate in @entity1 (r = .50). Associations between circumferences and muscle sonograms were moderately high in both @entity1 (r = .80) and @entity1 (r = .76). All four associations were statistically significant (p less than .05).

title: Ultrasonic protocols for separately measuring subcutaneous fat and skeletal muscle thickness in the XXXX area.

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['calf']


abstract: @entity3371 is an orally active inhibitor of @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) and has been widely studied in the treatment of @entity1 with mild to moderate essential @entity101 , severe @entity101 not responsive to conventional diuretic/beta-adrenoceptor blocker/vasodilator regimens, and @entity1 with chronic @entity712 refractory to treatment with a diuretic and digitalis. In @entity1 with mild or moderate essential @entity101 , titrated low doses of @entity3371 used alone or in conjunction with a diuretic are similar in efficacy to usual doses of @entity918 , @entity9804 , or beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, as well as to the other @entity1289 inhibitors. In addition, @entity3371 improved well-being to a greater extent than @entity12833 or @entity1169 in a study designed specifically to determine the effect of treatment on the quality of life of @entity1 with mild or moderate essential @entity101 . The earlier demonstrated efficacy of @entity3371 , used with a diuretic and often also with a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug, in the treatment of severe @entity101 refractory to conventional 'triple therapy' has been confirmed in more recent trials which illustrate the generally marked antihypertensive effect of @entity3371 -containing regimens in such @entity1 . Results of initial trials in @entity1 with @entity2631 are promising, with control of @entity101 and stabilization of renal function in these @entity1 when treated at an early stage of the disease. Several comparative and long term trials of @entity3371 in @entity1 with chronic @entity712 refractory to treatment with a diuretic/digitalis regimen clearly demonstrate that initial haemodynamic improvement is maintained and correlates with clinical benefit. A tendency for overall clinical response to @entity3371 to be better than the response to @entity3159 , @entity2514 , @entity10129 or @entity4688 has been reported. Results of a multicentre comparison with digoxin and placebo indicate that @entity3371 is a suitable alternative to digoxin in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity712 who are receiving maintenance diuretic therapy. The tolerability of @entity3371 has now been studied in many thousands of @entity1 involved in formalized trials and the early impression of poor tolerability can no longer be justified. The use of generally lower dosages of @entity3371 in @entity1 with normal or slightly @entity8 has resulted in a generally low incidence of @entity1910 (0.5 to 4%), @entity2342 (0.1 to 3%), @entity644 (0.5%), @entity1398 (0.3% during first 3 months) and symptomatic @entity551 (0.1 to 3%). Cough is an infrequent but troublesome effect resulting from @entity1289 inhibition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: @entity3371 . An update of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic use in @entity101 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure', 'congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin-converting enzyme', 'ACE']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity2514 :: ('MESH:D006830', 'Chemical') :: ['hydralazine']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['Captopril', 'captopril']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity10129 :: ('MESH:D015737', 'Chemical') :: ['nisoldipine']

entities_list: @entity12833 :: ('MESH:D008750', 'Chemical') :: ['methyldopa']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity9804 :: ('MESH:D002752', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorthalidone']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity2342 :: ('MESH:D004408', 'Disease') :: ['dysgeusia']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['congestive heart failure']


abstract: @entity3371 is an orally active inhibitor of @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) and has been widely studied in the treatment of @entity1 with mild to moderate essential @entity101 , severe @entity101 not responsive to conventional diuretic/beta-adrenoceptor blocker/vasodilator regimens, and @entity1 with chronic @entity712 refractory to treatment with a diuretic and digitalis. In @entity1 with mild or moderate essential @entity101 , titrated low doses of @entity3371 used alone or in conjunction with a diuretic are similar in efficacy to usual doses of @entity918 , @entity9804 , or beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, as well as to the other @entity1289 inhibitors. In addition, @entity3371 improved well-being to a greater extent than @entity12833 or @entity1169 in a study designed specifically to determine the effect of treatment on the quality of life of @entity1 with mild or moderate essential @entity101 . The earlier demonstrated efficacy of @entity3371 , used with a diuretic and often also with a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug, in the treatment of severe @entity101 refractory to conventional 'triple therapy' has been confirmed in more recent trials which illustrate the generally marked antihypertensive effect of @entity3371 -containing regimens in such @entity1 . Results of initial trials in @entity1 with @entity2631 are promising, with control of @entity101 and stabilization of renal function in these @entity1 when treated at an early stage of the disease. Several comparative and long term trials of @entity3371 in @entity1 with chronic @entity712 refractory to treatment with a diuretic/digitalis regimen clearly demonstrate that initial haemodynamic improvement is maintained and correlates with clinical benefit. A tendency for overall clinical response to @entity3371 to be better than the response to @entity3159 , @entity2514 , @entity10129 or @entity4688 has been reported. Results of a multicentre comparison with digoxin and placebo indicate that @entity3371 is a suitable alternative to digoxin in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity712 who are receiving maintenance diuretic therapy. The tolerability of @entity3371 has now been studied in many thousands of @entity1 involved in formalized trials and the early impression of poor tolerability can no longer be justified. The use of generally lower dosages of @entity3371 in @entity1 with normal or slightly @entity8 has resulted in a generally low incidence of @entity1910 (0.5 to 4%), @entity2342 (0.1 to 3%), @entity644 (0.5%), @entity1398 (0.3% during first 3 months) and symptomatic @entity551 (0.1 to 3%). Cough is an infrequent but troublesome effect resulting from @entity1289 inhibition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: @entity3371 . An update of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic use in XXXX and @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: @entity3371 is an orally active inhibitor of @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) and has been widely studied in the treatment of @entity1 with mild to moderate essential @entity101 , severe @entity101 not responsive to conventional diuretic/beta-adrenoceptor blocker/vasodilator regimens, and @entity1 with chronic @entity712 refractory to treatment with a diuretic and digitalis. In @entity1 with mild or moderate essential @entity101 , titrated low doses of @entity3371 used alone or in conjunction with a diuretic are similar in efficacy to usual doses of @entity918 , @entity9804 , or beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, as well as to the other @entity1289 inhibitors. In addition, @entity3371 improved well-being to a greater extent than @entity12833 or @entity1169 in a study designed specifically to determine the effect of treatment on the quality of life of @entity1 with mild or moderate essential @entity101 . The earlier demonstrated efficacy of @entity3371 , used with a diuretic and often also with a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug, in the treatment of severe @entity101 refractory to conventional 'triple therapy' has been confirmed in more recent trials which illustrate the generally marked antihypertensive effect of @entity3371 -containing regimens in such @entity1 . Results of initial trials in @entity1 with @entity2631 are promising, with control of @entity101 and stabilization of renal function in these @entity1 when treated at an early stage of the disease. Several comparative and long term trials of @entity3371 in @entity1 with chronic @entity712 refractory to treatment with a diuretic/digitalis regimen clearly demonstrate that initial haemodynamic improvement is maintained and correlates with clinical benefit. A tendency for overall clinical response to @entity3371 to be better than the response to @entity3159 , @entity2514 , @entity10129 or @entity4688 has been reported. Results of a multicentre comparison with digoxin and placebo indicate that @entity3371 is a suitable alternative to digoxin in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity712 who are receiving maintenance diuretic therapy. The tolerability of @entity3371 has now been studied in many thousands of @entity1 involved in formalized trials and the early impression of poor tolerability can no longer be justified. The use of generally lower dosages of @entity3371 in @entity1 with normal or slightly @entity8 has resulted in a generally low incidence of @entity1910 (0.5 to 4%), @entity2342 (0.1 to 3%), @entity644 (0.5%), @entity1398 (0.3% during first 3 months) and symptomatic @entity551 (0.1 to 3%). Cough is an infrequent but troublesome effect resulting from @entity1289 inhibition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: XXXX . An update of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic use in @entity101 and @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure', 'congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin-converting enzyme', 'ACE']

answer: @entity3371 :: (CHEBI:3380,Chemical) :: ['Captopril']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 tracking is an advanced technique to treat intra-fractionally moving @entity5 . The aim of this study is to validate a surrogate-driven model based on four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) that is able to predict CT volumes corresponding to arbitrary respiratory states. Further, the comparison of three different driving surrogates is evaluated. METHODS: This study is based on multiple 4DCTs of two @entity1 treated for @entity153 and @entity3 . Analyses for 18 additional @entity1 are currently ongoing. The motion model was estimated from the planning 4DCT through deformable image registration. To predict a certain phase of a follow-up 4DCT, the model considers for inter-fractional variations (baseline correction) and intra-fractional respiratory parameters (amplitude and phase) derived from surrogates. In this evaluation, three different approaches were used to extract the motion surrogate: for each 4DCT phase, the 3D thoraco-abdominal surface motion, the body volume and the anterior-posterior motion of a virtual single external marker defined on the sternum were investigated. The estimated volumes resulting from the model were compared to the ground-truth clinical 4DCTs using absolute HU differences in the lung volume and landmarks localized using the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT). RESULTS: The results show absolute HU differences between estimated and ground-truth images with median values limited to 55 HU and inter-quartile ranges (IQR) lower than 100 HU. Median 3D distances between about 1500 matching landmarks are below 2 mm for 3D surface motion and body volume methods. The single marker surrogates Result in increased median distances up to 0.6 mm. Analyses for the extended database incl. 20 @entity1 are currently in progress. CONCLUSION: The results depend mainly on the image quality of the initial 4DCTs and the deformable image registration. All investigated surrogates can be used to estimate follow-up 4DCT phases, however uncertainties decrease for three-dimensional approaches. This work was funded in parts by the German Research Council (DFG) - KFO 214/2.

title: WE-AB-303-11: Verification of a Deformable 4DCT Motion Model for Lung XXXX Tracking Using Different Driving Surrogates.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity153 :: ('MESH:D002283', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to assess the usefulness and accuracy of artificial @entity1274 in the prognosis of 1-year mortality in @entity1 with @entity712 . BACKGROUND: Artificial @entity1274 is a computational technique used to represent and process information by means of networks of interconnected processing elements, similar to neurons. They have found applications in medical decision support systems, particularly in prognosis. METHODS: Clinical and Doppler-derived echocardiographic data from 95 consecutive @entity1 with diffuse impairment of @entity296 were studied. After 1 year, data regarding survival or death were obtained and produced the prognostic variable. The data base was divided randomly into a training data set (47 cases, 8 deaths) and a testing data set (48 cases, 7 deaths). Results of artificial neural network classification were compared with those from linear discriminant analysis, clinical judgment and conventional heuristically based programs. RESULTS: The study group included 57 male (47 survivors) and 38 female @entity1 (33 survivors). Linear discriminant analysis was not efficient for separating survivors from nonsurvivors because the accuracy at the ideal cutoff value was only 67.4%, with a sensitivity of 67.5%, positive predictive value of 27.8% and negative predictive value of 91.5%. In contrast, all artificial @entity1274 were able to predict outcome with an accuracy of 90%, specificity of 93% and sensitivity of 71.4%, for the best artificial neural network. Both clinical judgment and automatic heuristic methods were also inferior in performance. CONCLUSIONS: The artificial neural network method has proved to be reliable for implementing quantitative prognosis of mortality in @entity1 with @entity712 . Additional studies with larger numbers of @entity1 are required to better assess the usefulness of artificial @entity1274 .

title: One-year mortality prognosis in XXXX : a neural network approach based on echocardiographic data.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['neural networks']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial contractility']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 proliferate and invade healthy brain tissue rapidly, yielding short life expectancies. Radiation therapy is commonly used, but @entity11 are known to be radio-resistant, and almost always recur following treatment. Current radiotherapy protocols are based on the classic linear-quadratic radiobiological model, assuming a @entity5 . @entity11 are very heterogeneous, consisting of normoxic, @entity519 , and @entity39 tissues, each responding differently to radiation. An enhanced linear-quadratic model which takes into account the different responses of the heterogeneous @entity5 regions to radiation can guide treatment planning to optimize dose distributions to maximize the therapeutic effect. METHODS: We used a set of differential equations to model the growth of @entity5 . Our model expands on the one-component model developed by (Rockne,2010) by including normoxic, @entity519 , and @entity39 components and radiosensitivity values for each component. Proliferation and diffusion parameters are extracted by contouring the @entity5 on two sets of pre-treatment MRIs and modeling it as a volume equivalent sphere. RESULTS: We compared two examples of @entity5 presented in (Rockne,2010) with our three component model and find better predictive capabilities for post-RT @entity5 volumes using the three component model. In both cases, the one-component model over predicts the effects of radiation on the @entity5 core, while the three-component model more accurately fits the data by accounting for radioresistance of the @entity519 core. Additionally, we applied the model to a UCSF @entity1 with a recurring @entity5 and use the model to predict time to fatal @entity5 burden. CONCLUSION: The three-component model accurately matches @entity5 growth dynamics derived from MRIs for two example cases presented in literature, and one case from UCSF. Spatial information about @entity519 , @entity39 , and normoxic cell densities are derived from the model providing information needed to more intelligently prescribe dose distributions tailored to a specific @entity1 's @entity5 .[Rockne,et.al.,PhysMedBio,2010].

title: TH-AB-304-09: A XXXX -Specific Heterogeneous Radiobiological Model for Glioblastoma Multiforme.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'glioma tumors', 'homogeneous (one-component) tumor', 'Gliomas tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['Gliomas', 'gliomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this manuscript is to investigate the dosimetric and clinical benefits of a technique by combining conformal radiotherapy (CRT) plus volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in the treatment of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). METHODS: There were 200 @entity1149 @entity1 analyzed retrospectively and treated by CRT, CRT plus VMAT, and full course of VMAT, respectively. Dosimetric differences, @entity1207 ( @entity1207 ) rates and their correlation were investigated. RESULTS: The number of @entity1 analyzed in CRT, CRT plus VMAT and full course of VMAT were 42, 28, and 53, respectively. The V93 and V95 (percent volume covered by isodose line) of planning target volume ( @entity343 ) were improved from 95.7%  2.2% and 94.5%  2.4% in CRT to 97.9%  4.6%, 98.3%  3.2% and 96.3%  5.8%, 97.1%  4.1% in CRT plus VMAT and full course of VMAT, respectively. CRT plus VMAT improved the @entity343 coverage compared with CRT in a cost of higher spinal cord maximum dose (p=0.02), larger lung volume receiving 5 Gy (V5, p=0.02) and @entity358 ( @entity358 ) (p=0.04), and decreased the low dose lung volumes compared with VMAT. The @entity1207 rates were 26%, 39% and 49% for CRT, CRT plus VMAT and VMAT, respectively. V5 was significantly associated with @entity1207 and had a threshold of 60% and 65% for CRT plus VMAT and VMAT, respectively, to limit the @entity1207 rate <30%. CONCLUSION: CRT plus VMAT is a promising with increased target coverage compared with CRT and reduced low dose lung volume and @entity1207 compared with full course of VMAT in the treatment of @entity1149 . V5 was significantly associated with @entity1207 and with a predicted threshold of 60% and 65% for CRT plus VMAT and VMAT, respectively, to limit the @entity1207 rate <30%. Clinical trials with large population are needed to further verify the benefits of CRT plus VMAT in the treatment of @entity1149 .

title: TH-AB-BRB-04: Dosimetric and Clinical Benefits of Conformal Radiotherapy Plus Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy in the Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1207 :: ('MESH:D017564', 'Disease') :: ['radiation pneumonitis', 'RP']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['mean lung dose', 'MLD']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Converting theoretical fluence maps to deliverable @entity3097 segments while maintaining plan quality has posed a significant challenge for highly complex IMRT plans involving many fields. Rather than simplifying individual fluence maps, we have formulated the problem as a global dose domain fluence map optimization with anisotropic total variation regularization (FMOATVR) problem and then solve the large scale optimization problem. METHODS: The 4   planning platform was used to select and optimize 20 non-coplanar beams for 2 GBM, 2 head _ neck, and 2 lung @entity1 with varying prescription doses, including H_N case #2 that had 3 prescription dose levels of 54 Gy, 59.4 Gy, and 69.96 Gy. The plans were re-run using FMOATVR and the same 20 4   beams. The L2 norm of dose deviation from the ideal prescription with zero dose to OARs was used as the objective function, which was subjected to anisotropic total variation regularization to encourage piecewise smoothness in the fluence maps. The fluences were stratified into equal step sizes to create 300 @entity3097 segments. The dose distributions were normalized so the prescription dose covered cover 95% of the @entity343 . H_N case #2 was normalized to cover the 59.4 Gy @entity343 , which was included in the statistics. RESULTS: Compared to the directly stratified 4   plans (4   DS), the 4   FMOATVR method reduced the average mean and max dose to the OARs by 3.54% and 4.15%, respectively, of the prescription dose. Dose coverage was also improved, evidenced by an average D98 and D99 increase of 1.63% and 2.74% of the prescription dose, respectively. The average @entity343 homogeneity was increased from 0.833 to 0.905. CONCLUSION: The global dose domain fluence map optimization formula and its solver provides a straightforward yet potent method to attain high quality while remaining robust to @entity3097 segmentation for complex IMRT. This work is supported in part by Varian Medical Systems, Inc.

title: TH-EF-BRD-05: A New Intensity Modulation Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Optimizer Solution with Robust Fluence Maps for XXXX Segmentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity3097 :: (23209,Gene) :: ['MLC']


abstract: The Society for Cardiac Angiography maintains a registry of intracoronary streptokinase therapy (IC-SK) in @entity1 with @entity583 . Between July 1981 and August 1984, 1,029 @entity1 were entered into the registry. The baseline and clinical characteristics of @entity1 were determined, the early results of therapy were evaluated, and baseline characteristics of those in whom reperfusion was achieved were compared with those in whom it was not. Multivariate discriminant analysis was used to identify the predictors of reperfusion and hospital mortality. The overall rate of reperfusion was 71.2%. Reperfusion was positively associated with @entity551 , @entity1455 and early treatment. The hospital mortality rate for all @entity1 was 8.2% and was higher for @entity1 and the elderly. The hospital mortality was significantly lower among @entity1 in whom reperfusion was achieved compared with those in whom it was not (5.5% vs 14.7%, p less than 0.0001) and for several high-risk subgroups. Thus, coronary artery reperfusion induced by IC-SK significantly reduces hospital mortality in high-risk @entity1 with @entity583 . High-risk @entity1 in whom reperfusion fails with IC-SK therapy should be considered for early coronary angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery.

title: Acute XXXX treated with intracoronary streptokinase: a report of the Society for Cardiac Angiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['absence of cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: AIMS: @entity2652 perception is considered to provide a measure of social cognition. Numerous studies have examined the perception of emotion in @entity1 with @entity161 , and the majority has reported impaired ability to recognize facial emotion perception. We aimed to investigate the correlation between facial expression recognition and other domains of social cognition and neurocognition in Japanese @entity1 with @entity161 . METHODS: @entity1 were 52 @entity1 with @entity161 and 53 normal controls with no history of @entity146 . All @entity1 completed the Hinting Task and the Social Cognition Screening Questionnaire. The Brief Assessment of Cognition in @entity161 was administered only to the @entity1 . @entity2652 perception measured by the Facial Emotion Selection Test (FEST) was compared between the @entity1 and normal controls. RESULTS: @entity1 performed significantly worse on the FEST compared to normal control subjects. The FEST total score was significantly positively correlated with scores of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in @entity161 attention subscale, Hinting Task, Social Cognition Screening Questionnaire Verbal Working Memory and Metacognition subscales. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that @entity73 was positively related to the facial emotion perception ability in @entity1 with @entity161 . CONCLUSIONS: These results point to the concept that facial emotion perception and some types of working memory use common cognitive resources. Our findings may provide implications for cognitive rehabilitation and related interventions in @entity161 .

title: Facial expression perception correlates with @entity73 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['Facial emotion']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric diseases']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['verbal working memory function']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: AIMS: @entity2652 perception is considered to provide a measure of social cognition. Numerous studies have examined the perception of emotion in @entity1 with @entity161 , and the majority has reported impaired ability to recognize facial emotion perception. We aimed to investigate the correlation between facial expression recognition and other domains of social cognition and neurocognition in Japanese @entity1 with @entity161 . METHODS: @entity1 were 52 @entity1 with @entity161 and 53 normal controls with no history of @entity146 . All @entity1 completed the Hinting Task and the Social Cognition Screening Questionnaire. The Brief Assessment of Cognition in @entity161 was administered only to the @entity1 . @entity2652 perception measured by the Facial Emotion Selection Test (FEST) was compared between the @entity1 and normal controls. RESULTS: @entity1 performed significantly worse on the FEST compared to normal control subjects. The FEST total score was significantly positively correlated with scores of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in @entity161 attention subscale, Hinting Task, Social Cognition Screening Questionnaire Verbal Working Memory and Metacognition subscales. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that @entity73 was positively related to the facial emotion perception ability in @entity1 with @entity161 . CONCLUSIONS: These results point to the concept that facial emotion perception and some types of working memory use common cognitive resources. Our findings may provide implications for cognitive rehabilitation and related interventions in @entity161 .

title: Facial expression perception correlates with XXXX in @entity161 .

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['verbal working memory function']


abstract: Binding equilibria for the interactions of the @entity25014 anions, laurate and myristate, with defatted human serum albumin have been investigated under varying environmental conditions such as ionic strength and pH. Since these ligands bind strongly to albumin (Kass approximately 10(7) M-1), conventional equilibrium dialysis is not a feasible method for these investigations. Consequently, we employed a dialysis method, allowing determination of very low concentrations of unbound ligand by measuring the rate of exchange of labelled ligand across a dialysis membrane under conditions of chemical equilibrium. Over a range of ionic strength, 8-68 mM, the binding of the first few molecules of laurate to albumin was weakened with increasing ionic strength, whereas the binding of subsequent molecules seemed to proceed independently of ionic strength. The binding of myristate by albumin, however, appeared to be independent of ionic strength in the observed range of concentrations. The influence of pH in the range 5.1-9.0 on the binding of the two @entity844 anions by albumin was more complicated. The first molecule of @entity54586 appeared to bind with a slightly weaker affinity to albumin at low pH, compared to pH 7 and high pH, while the trends for the following molecules varied. The binding of myristate (irrespective of concentration) seemed to strengthen monotonously with pH, but this conclusion depends critically on the interpretation of the kinetic behaviour of the myristate anion. We have previously shown [Pedersen, A. O., Honor  , B. _ Brodersen, R. (1990) Eur. J. Biochem. 190, 497-502] that the strength of binding of the first few molecules of the two @entity844 anions to albumin decreases with increasing temperature, whereas binding of subsequent molecules seems to proceed independently of temperature. We explain these findings as follows. The binding of the first few (3 or 4) molecules of the C12 laurate anion is clearly driven by formation of ionic bonds between the @entity844 anion and positively charged groups, such as @entity376 residues, in the albumin molecule, whereas the binding of subsequent molecules of laurate seems to depend more on hydrophobic interactions. In the case of the C14 myristate anion, the binding of the first few (only 1 or 2) molecules may depend on ionic forces, but binding of the following molecules of myristate seems to depend on hydrophobic interactions only.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of ionic strength and pH on the binding of XXXX to human serum albumin.

entities_list: @entity25014 :: ('CHEBI:59554', 'Chemical') :: ['medium-chain fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

answer: @entity25014 :: (CHEBI:59554,Chemical) :: ['medium-chain fatty acids']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 with healed @entity3179 often experience recurrence of @entity1066 , despite the use of long-term compression therapy. This study examines the effect of closing incompetent perforating veins (IPVs) on @entity1066 recurrence rates in @entity1 with progressive @entity4165 and impending @entity1066 . METHODS: @entity1 with nonhealing @entity3179 of >2 months' duration underwent duplex ultrasound to assess their lower extremity venous system for @entity337 of superficial, perforating, and deep veins. Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) of perforating veins was performed on @entity1 with @entity17622 6 disease with @entity2117 , @entity4165 , and/or progressive @entity158 . A minimum of 2 months of compressive therapy was attempted before endovenous ablation of IPVs. Demographic data, risk factors, @entity17622 classification, procedural details, and postoperative status were all recorded. RESULTS: Forty ulcers with 46 associated IPVs were treated with EVLA in 36 @entity1 with @entity17622 6 recalcitrant @entity3179 . Treated incompetent perforator veins were located in the medial ankle (85.7%), @entity291 (10.7%), and lateral ankle (3.5%). Endovenous laser ablation was successful in 76% (35/46) with the first laser treatment of incompetent perforator veins and 15.2% (7/46) additional ablation procedures were performed. Of the 46 treated IPVs, 42 (91.3%) were occluded on the duplex examination at 12 months. The average energy administrated per perforating vein treated was 162 joule. Two @entity1 reported localized paresthesia, which subsided spontaneously, but no @entity1150 or skin burn was observed. CONCLUSION: Especially in the case of liposclerotic or ulcerated skin in the affected region, PAP of IPVs is highly effective, safe, and appears to be feasible. @entity1 with @entity3179 appear to benefit from EVLA of incompetent perforators in order to reduce the risk of @entity1066 recurrence.

title: Combined treatment with endovenous laser ablation and compression therapy of incompetent perforating veins for treatment of recalcitrant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulceration']

entities_list: @entity2117 :: ('MESH:D017495', 'Disease') :: ['increasing hyperpigmentation']

entities_list: @entity4165 :: ('MESH:C537026', 'Disease') :: ['lipodermatosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3179 :: ('MESH:D014647', 'Disease') :: ['active venous ulcers', 'venous ulcers']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['incompetence']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['malleolar pain']

answer: @entity3179 :: (MESH:D014647,Disease) :: ['venous ulcers']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity885 currently accounts for one-half of viridans streptococci. Treatment has become complicated due to the increase in resistance to @entity114 and @entity2886 . The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of various antibiotics as monotherapy and in association with @entity801 , in a experimental model of @entity884 in @entity95 . The effects were compared with a control group and a group given classical @entity114 - @entity801 treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity884 was induced in 180 @entity95 with a clinical isolate of @entity885 . Treatment was started 48 h after infection, and lasted 5 days. The animals were divided into nine groups of 20 @entity95 : G1, untreated controls; G2, @entity114 - @entity801 ; G3, @entity3402 - @entity801 ; G4, @entity2892 ; G5, @entity2892 - @entity801 ; G6, @entity11248 ; G7, @entity11248 - @entity801 ; G8, @entity2176 and G9, @entity2176 - @entity801 . Response to therapy was evaluated by mortality curves, as negative blood cultures, concentration of @entity885 in aortic vegetations and rate of sterilization of vegetations. RESULTS: Vegetation weight was significantly lower in treated groups than in controls; lower weights were found in G5, 6, and 9. G9 sterilized 75% of the vegetations. @entity204 occurred in 25% of the control group and in 4.76% of G6 and 7. Blood cultures became negative most rapidly in G9. CONCLUSIONS: Combined treatment with @entity2176 - @entity801 may be highly efficacious in @entity1 with @entity884 caused by @entity114 -resistant @entity885 . Other combinations, such as @entity2892 - @entity801 and @entity11248 - @entity801 , may be also advantageous.

title: Treatment with various antibiotics of experimental @entity884 caused by @entity114 -resistant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity885 :: ('1305', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus sanguis', 'S. sanguis']

entities_list: @entity2886 :: ('MESH:D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporins']

entities_list: @entity11248 :: ('MESH:D017334', 'Chemical') :: ['teicoplanin']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['Infective endocarditis', 'infective endocarditis', 'endocarditis']

answer: @entity885 :: (1305,Species) :: ['Streptococcus sanguis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity885 currently accounts for one-half of viridans streptococci. Treatment has become complicated due to the increase in resistance to @entity114 and @entity2886 . The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of various antibiotics as monotherapy and in association with @entity801 , in a experimental model of @entity884 in @entity95 . The effects were compared with a control group and a group given classical @entity114 - @entity801 treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity884 was induced in 180 @entity95 with a clinical isolate of @entity885 . Treatment was started 48 h after infection, and lasted 5 days. The animals were divided into nine groups of 20 @entity95 : G1, untreated controls; G2, @entity114 - @entity801 ; G3, @entity3402 - @entity801 ; G4, @entity2892 ; G5, @entity2892 - @entity801 ; G6, @entity11248 ; G7, @entity11248 - @entity801 ; G8, @entity2176 and G9, @entity2176 - @entity801 . Response to therapy was evaluated by mortality curves, as negative blood cultures, concentration of @entity885 in aortic vegetations and rate of sterilization of vegetations. RESULTS: Vegetation weight was significantly lower in treated groups than in controls; lower weights were found in G5, 6, and 9. G9 sterilized 75% of the vegetations. @entity204 occurred in 25% of the control group and in 4.76% of G6 and 7. Blood cultures became negative most rapidly in G9. CONCLUSIONS: Combined treatment with @entity2176 - @entity801 may be highly efficacious in @entity1 with @entity884 caused by @entity114 -resistant @entity885 . Other combinations, such as @entity2892 - @entity801 and @entity11248 - @entity801 , may be also advantageous.

title: Treatment with various antibiotics of experimental @entity884 caused by XXXX -resistant @entity885 .

answer: @entity114 :: (MESH:D010406,Chemical) :: ['penicillin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity885 currently accounts for one-half of viridans streptococci. Treatment has become complicated due to the increase in resistance to @entity114 and @entity2886 . The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of various antibiotics as monotherapy and in association with @entity801 , in a experimental model of @entity884 in @entity95 . The effects were compared with a control group and a group given classical @entity114 - @entity801 treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity884 was induced in 180 @entity95 with a clinical isolate of @entity885 . Treatment was started 48 h after infection, and lasted 5 days. The animals were divided into nine groups of 20 @entity95 : G1, untreated controls; G2, @entity114 - @entity801 ; G3, @entity3402 - @entity801 ; G4, @entity2892 ; G5, @entity2892 - @entity801 ; G6, @entity11248 ; G7, @entity11248 - @entity801 ; G8, @entity2176 and G9, @entity2176 - @entity801 . Response to therapy was evaluated by mortality curves, as negative blood cultures, concentration of @entity885 in aortic vegetations and rate of sterilization of vegetations. RESULTS: Vegetation weight was significantly lower in treated groups than in controls; lower weights were found in G5, 6, and 9. G9 sterilized 75% of the vegetations. @entity204 occurred in 25% of the control group and in 4.76% of G6 and 7. Blood cultures became negative most rapidly in G9. CONCLUSIONS: Combined treatment with @entity2176 - @entity801 may be highly efficacious in @entity1 with @entity884 caused by @entity114 -resistant @entity885 . Other combinations, such as @entity2892 - @entity801 and @entity11248 - @entity801 , may be also advantageous.

title: Treatment with various antibiotics of experimental XXXX caused by @entity114 -resistant @entity885 .

answer: @entity884 :: (MESH:D004696,Disease) :: ['endocarditis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity86 is a rare but serious complication following elective surgery. The purpose of this study was to identify the rate of @entity86 following elective laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGBP) and to identify @entity1 ' modifiable, preoperative risk factors. METHODS: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried from 2005 to 2013 for factors associated with the development of @entity86 following elective LGBP. @entity1 who developed @entity295 were compared to those who did not. Results were analyzed using the Chi-square test for categorical variables and Wilcoxon two-sample test for continuous variables. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to calculate adjusted odds ratios for factors contributing to @entity295 . RESULTS: During the study period, 66,838 @entity1 underwent LGBP. Of those, 546 @entity1 developed @entity86 (0.82  %). The development of @entity295 was associated with increased operative time (161      77.8 vs. 135.10      56.5  min; p  <  0.0001) and a greater number of preoperative comorbidities, including @entity6 (39.6 vs. 30.6  %; p  <  0.0001), @entity101 requiring medication (65.2 vs. 54  %; p  <  0.0001), current @entity286 use (16.7 vs. 11.5  %; p  =  0.0002), and increased pack-year history of smoking (8.6      18.3 vs. 5.6      14.2; p  =  0.0006), and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (0.51      0.74 vs. 0.35      0.57, p  <  0.0001). @entity295 resulted in an increased length of stay (10.1      14.4 vs. 2.4      4.8  days; p  <  0.0001) and a 30 times greater chance of 30-day mortality (4.03 vs. 0.11  %, p  <  0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that current smokers had a 63  % greater chance of developing @entity295 compared to non-smokers, controlling for age, race, gender, BMI, and CCI score (OR 1.63, 95  % CI 1.23-2.14; p  =  0.0006). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic gastric bypass is uncommonly associated with @entity86 . When it occurs, it portends a 30 times increased risk of @entity204 . A @entity1 history of @entity6 , @entity101 , and increasing pack-years of smoking portend an increased risk of @entity295 . Current smoking status, a preoperative modifiable risk factor, is independently associated with the chance of @entity86 . Preoperative @entity1 optimization and risk reduction should be a priority for elective surgery, and @entity1 should be encouraged to stop smoking prior to gastric bypass.

title: Risk factors for XXXX in laparoscopic gastric bypass.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis', 'Sepsis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative sepsis', 'postoperative sepsis']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative sepsis']


abstract: PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: A report of clinical outcomes of a computed tomography (CT)-based image guided brachytherapy (IGBT) technique for treatment of @entity5 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Seventy-six @entity1 with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB to IVA cervical @entity189 diagnosed between 2007 and 2014 were treated with definitive external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with or without concurrent chemotherapy followed by high-dose-rate (HDR) IGBT. All @entity1 underwent planning CT simulation at each implantation. A high-risk clinical target volume ( @entity15855 ) encompassing any visible @entity5 and the entire cervix was contoured on the simulation CT. When available, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at implantation to assist with @entity5 delineation. The prescription dose was prescribed to the @entity15855 . RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 17  months. Thirteen @entity1 (17%) had an MRI done before brachytherapy, and 16 @entity1 (21%) were treated without MRI guidance. The mean EBRT/IGBT sum 2-Gy equivalent dose (EQD2) delivered to the 90% volume of the @entity15855 was 86.3  Gy. The mean maximum EQD2s delivered to 2  cm(3) of the rectum, sigmoid, and bladder were 67.5  Gy, 66.2  Gy, and 75.3  Gy, respectively. The 2-year cumulative incidences of local, locoregional, and distant failure were 5.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4%-14.8%), 15.1% (95% CI: 5.4%-29.4%), and 24.3% (95% CI: 12.1%-38.9%), respectively. The 2-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 75% (95% CI, 61%-91%) and 73% (95% CI, 60%-90%), respectively. Twenty-nine @entity1 (38%) experienced grade >= 2 acute @entity137 , with 5 cases of acute grade 3 @entity137 and no grade >= 4 @entity137 . One @entity1 experienced grade 3 @entity344 . No other late grade >= 3 events were observed. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest report to date of CT/MRI-based IGBT for the treatment of @entity5 . The results are promising, with excellent local control and acceptable @entity137 . Further investigation is needed to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of this treatment.

title: Clinical Outcomes of Computed Tomography-Based Volumetric Brachytherapy Planning for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal toxicity']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cervical Cancer']


abstract: Following the well-known European CCRs of Manchester and Turin, 2 regional CCRs have been recently created in France: in Nancy (1983) and Marseille (1984); both are population based CCRs, covering respectively 535,200 and 809,200 @entity1 (0-14 yrs). All @entity5 are included, as well as @entity1313 (whatever grading) and borderline @entity5 . Data are collected from medical and administrative sources. Registration is active and every source is recontacted annually. The registries contact all physicians who might include @entity1 among their @entity1 (private and hospital practice), and laboratories of pathology-cytology. The University Hospital Centers and Anti- @entity5 Centers in adjacent regions, and in Paris are contacted. Death certificates for @entity1 dying of a @entity5 are also sent to the registry. Data collected are as follows: name, age, sex, address, date and method of diagnosis, histological type, anatomical site, stage, treatment and sources of information. We added the data of a general @entity5 registry, created in Strasbourg in 1975 and covering 205,900 @entity1 . reliability of the methodology is attested by the similarity of the results obtained in other European, US and Australian CCRs. In conclusion, this type of registry is needed to organize multicentric epidemiological studies about the role of etiological factors, the survival, and the long term sequelae.

title: [Childhood XXXX registries in France].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignant neoplasms', 'malignant neoplasm', 'malignancies', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumours']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effectiveness of a right hemispheric surgical approach in treating unruptured anterior communicating @entity438 . METHODS: Between January 2005 and June 2012, 305 @entity1 with anterior communicating artery (Acom) @entity439 were treated using the pterional approach. Among them, 113 who underwent microsurgery with an unruptured Acom @entity439 were enrolled in this study. Every @entity1 was evaluated with digital subtraction angiography preoperatively and CT scans were taken several times postoperatively. Surgical outcomes and complications were evaluated at discharge using the Glasgow Outcome Scale and at 6 months after surgery with CT angiography. RESULTS: Enrolled @entity1 included 55 males and 58 females with a mean age of 56.3 years (range: 30-75 years). The mean diameter of the @entity439 was 5.8mm (range: 1.9-24.1). Left A1 dominancy was found in 71 @entity1 (62.8%) whereas right A1 dominancy was found in 20 @entity1 (17.7%), and right pterional craniotomies were performed in 92 @entity1 (81.4%) while left pterional craniotomies were performed in 21 @entity1 (18.6%). Complete clip application was achieved in 94.9% of @entity1 (74 of 78) in right-side approach group but in only 81.3% of @entity1 (13 of 16) in left-side approach group. Despite a left A1 dominancy and approached from the right, more than 90% of the @entity1 had an excellent outcome at discharge (GOS 5) and more than 90% a complete @entity439 clipping at the 6-month follow-up CT angiography although it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Microsurgical clipping of the unruptured Acom @entity439 through a right-side surgical approach showed favorable postoperative clinical and anatomical outcomes, especially @entity439 smaller than 10mm.

title: Microsurgical efficacy and safety of a right-hemispheric approach for unruptured anterior communicating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['artery aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['artery aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of an antireflux procedure in the management of @entity357 is controversial. To address this issue, we reviewed our experience with selective use of antireflux procedures in @entity1 with pure @entity357 ( @entity1605 ; n = 26) and those with a partial sliding component (type III; n = 11). @entity1 AND METHODS: Surgical repair was performed on diagnosis in all 37 @entity1 . Competency of the lower esophageal sphincter was evaluated on the basis of reflux symptoms, and objectively, with endoscopy in 21 @entity1 and 24-hour esophageal pH studies in 17 @entity1 . Repair included an antireflux procedure in 11 @entity1 , as indicated by @entity354 . RESULTS: Preoperatively, 80% of both @entity196 @entity1 reported obstructive symptoms. @entity304 were present in 27% of @entity1 --19% of @entity1605 and 45% of type III @entity1 . Endoscopy revealed @entity2910 in 5 cases, and 24-hour pH studies indicated significant reflux in 3 of 17 @entity1 . There were no operative deaths and 1 recurrence. Symptoms improved in 92% of @entity1 after surgery. Medically manageable reflux was identified in 2 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Frequent obstructive symptoms and the potential for @entity11034 indicate elective repair of @entity357 on diagnosis. Significant @entity354 is less common, especially in @entity1605 @entity1 , and excellent symptomatic results are obtained with selective application of an antireflux procedure.

title: Management of XXXX with a selective approach to antireflux surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['Reflux symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity11034 :: ('MESH:D013277', 'Disease') :: ['gastric volvulus']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['paraesophageal hernia']

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['type II and type III']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux', 'reflux disease']

answer: @entity357 :: (MESH:D006551,Disease) :: ['paraesophageal hernia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Plants are constantly challenged by various abiotic stresses that negatively affect growth and productivity worldwide. During the course of their evolution, plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to recognize external signals allowing them to respond appropriately to environmental conditions, although the degree of adjustability or tolerance to specific stresses differs from species to species. Overproduction of reactive @entity26 species (ROS; @entity273 , @entity5568 ; @entity224 , [Formula: see text]; @entity3787 radical, @entity2145 (   ) and singlet @entity26 , @entity2767 ) is enhanced under abiotic and/or biotic stresses, which can cause oxidative damage to plant macromolecules and cell structures, leading to inhibition of plant growth and development, or to @entity204 . Among the various ROS, freely diffusible and relatively long-lived @entity5568 acts as a central player in stress signal transduction pathways. These pathways can then activate multiple acclamatory responses that reinforce resistance to various abiotic and biotic stressors. To utilize @entity5568 as a signaling molecule, non-toxic levels must be maintained in a delicate balancing act between @entity5568 production and scavenging. Several recent studies have demonstrated that the @entity5568 -priming can enhance abiotic stress tolerance by modulating ROS detoxification and by regulating multiple stress-responsive pathways and gene expression. Despite the importance of the @entity5568 -priming, little is known about how this process improves the tolerance of plants to stress. Understanding the mechanisms of @entity5568 -priming-induced abiotic stress tolerance will be valuable for identifying biotechnological strategies to improve abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. This review is an overview of our current knowledge of the possible mechanisms associated with @entity5568 -induced abiotic oxidative stress tolerance in plants, with special reference to antioxidant metabolism.

title: XXXX priming modulates abiotic oxidative stress tolerance: insights from ROS detoxification and scavenging.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['Hydrogen peroxide']


abstract: @entity4094 induced by @entity55753 30 micrograms.kg-1 was compared in 21 young (18-55 years) and 17 elderly (65-85 years) @entity1 . Anaesthesia was induced with @entity4490 and maintained with @entity3575 , @entity3810 in @entity26 and @entity5161 . @entity4094 was measured electromyographically (Datex Relaxograph) at the adductor pollicis using train-of-four stimuli at 20 s intervals. The depth of maximum @entity4094 was similar in young and elderly @entity1 (median 100% compared to 96%). However, the onset was significantly slower in the elderly: their mean (SD) time to 90% suppression of the first response of the train-of-four was 7.7 (1.8) min compared to 5.7 (1.7) min in the young (p = 0.002). Four min after @entity55753 , the conditions for tracheal intubation were significantly poorer in the elderly (p < 0.001). Mean (SD) recovery of first response of the train-of-four to 25% of control was unaffected by age: young 79.0 (41.6) min; elderly 66.2 (32.1) min (p > 0.05). When the first response had reached 25% of control, @entity4094 was antagonised with @entity1339 60 micrograms.kg-1. The mean time to first response to 90% of control was similar in the young and the elderly @entity1 (9.1 min compared to 10.4 min). Recovery of the train-of-four ratio to 0.7 was significantly slower in the elderly: mean (SD) 17.1 (10.6) min compared to 10.1 (7.0) min (p = 0.03). @entity55753 was associated with clinically insignificant haemodynamic changes in both groups.

title: The clinical pharmacology of XXXX in young adults and in elderly @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular blockade', 'Neuromuscular blockade']

entities_list: @entity4490 :: ('MESH:D013874', 'Chemical') :: ['thiopentone']

entities_list: @entity55753 :: ('MESH:C049429', 'Chemical') :: ['doxacurium', 'Doxacurium']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity1339 :: ('MESH:D009388', 'Chemical') :: ['neostigmine']

answer: @entity55753 :: (MESH:C049429,Chemical) :: ['doxacurium']


abstract: @entity4094 induced by @entity55753 30 micrograms.kg-1 was compared in 21 young (18-55 years) and 17 elderly (65-85 years) @entity1 . Anaesthesia was induced with @entity4490 and maintained with @entity3575 , @entity3810 in @entity26 and @entity5161 . @entity4094 was measured electromyographically (Datex Relaxograph) at the adductor pollicis using train-of-four stimuli at 20 s intervals. The depth of maximum @entity4094 was similar in young and elderly @entity1 (median 100% compared to 96%). However, the onset was significantly slower in the elderly: their mean (SD) time to 90% suppression of the first response of the train-of-four was 7.7 (1.8) min compared to 5.7 (1.7) min in the young (p = 0.002). Four min after @entity55753 , the conditions for tracheal intubation were significantly poorer in the elderly (p < 0.001). Mean (SD) recovery of first response of the train-of-four to 25% of control was unaffected by age: young 79.0 (41.6) min; elderly 66.2 (32.1) min (p > 0.05). When the first response had reached 25% of control, @entity4094 was antagonised with @entity1339 60 micrograms.kg-1. The mean time to first response to 90% of control was similar in the young and the elderly @entity1 (9.1 min compared to 10.4 min). Recovery of the train-of-four ratio to 0.7 was significantly slower in the elderly: mean (SD) 17.1 (10.6) min compared to 10.1 (7.0) min (p = 0.03). @entity55753 was associated with clinically insignificant haemodynamic changes in both groups.

title: The clinical pharmacology of @entity55753 in young adults and in elderly XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity1577 is an @entity74 which affects one in 2500 live births. It is a multisystem disease and has a variety of presentations. The major clinical features affect the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Severe @entity1576 , @entity6 and @entity354 are common features of concern to anaesthetists. Improved care of young @entity1 has allowed many to survive into adulthood. Lung transplantation has significantly improved the outlook for many @entity1 . At Alfred Hospital, 74 @entity1 with @entity1577 underwent 149 procedures from January 1978 to January 1994, with a mortality of 0.6% (95% CI 0.4%-0.8%). This retrospective cohort study describes the anaesthetic management and perioperative care of these @entity1 . Most of the anaesthetics were for procedures related to @entity1577 but 12% were for unrelated conditions. @entity1577 related procedures include diagnostic, venous access, enteral feeding procedures, treatment of complications of @entity1577 and lung transplantation. Despite extremely poor respiratory function, these @entity1 can be managed with acceptably low postoperative mortality (1%). Pre- and postoperative care must be directed towards optimal clearance of viscous respiratory secretions. Procedures need to be planned so that optimal care can be given by each member of the team caring for @entity1577 @entity1 .

title: Anaesthesia for adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disorder']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['Cystic fibrosis', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['cystic fibrosis']


abstract: The mechanisms contributing to the @entity4094 produced by nondepolarizing muscle relaxants and inhaled anesthetics include: 1) receptor blockade, 2) open or closed ion channel block, 3) decreased transmitter release, and 4) receptor desensitization. In this study we investigated the contributions of receptor and ion channel block. We used the two microelectrode voltage clamp to evaluate miniature end-plate currents (MEPCs) for amplitude and time constant of decay (tau) before and after the application of 1) @entity2899 ( @entity9856 ) (10(-7)-10(-6) M) alone, and then 2) the same concentration of @entity9856 plus 0.5% or 1.0% @entity1508 or @entity5161 delivered by passing compressed air through a flow and temperature compensated vaporizer. The electrodes were maintained in the same cell for the entire experiment. @entity9856 alone decreased MEPC amplitude to 91.3% +/- 4.5% and 65.1% +/- 5.6% of control at 10(-7) and 10(-6) M, respectively. MEPC amplitude with 10(-6) M @entity9856 decreased further to 52.4% +/- 7.6% and 37.4% +/- 7.0% of control after the addition of 0.5% and 1.0% @entity1508 , respectively. After the application of @entity9856 10(-7) M tau was 94.7% +/- 3.1% of control and decreased to 73.7% +/- 7.1% of control with 10(-6) M @entity9856 . After the application of @entity9856 10(-6) M the addition of 0.5% and 1% @entity1508 decreased tau to 52.4% +/- 7.6% and 30.0% +/- 5.9% of control. @entity5161 produced similar changes. This study provides evidence that at least some of the augmentation of nondepolarizing relaxants by inhaled anesthetics can be explained by the additive effect of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants and inhaled anesthetics on MEPC amplitude and tau.

title: Some effects of XXXX alone and combined with @entity1508 or @entity5161 on neuromuscular transmission.

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular block']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['Isoflurane', 'isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity2899 :: ('MESH:D014403', 'Chemical') :: ['d-Tubocurarine']

answer: @entity2899 :: (MESH:D014403,Chemical) :: ['d-tubocurarine']


abstract: The mechanisms contributing to the @entity4094 produced by nondepolarizing muscle relaxants and inhaled anesthetics include: 1) receptor blockade, 2) open or closed ion channel block, 3) decreased transmitter release, and 4) receptor desensitization. In this study we investigated the contributions of receptor and ion channel block. We used the two microelectrode voltage clamp to evaluate miniature end-plate currents (MEPCs) for amplitude and time constant of decay (tau) before and after the application of 1) @entity2899 ( @entity9856 ) (10(-7)-10(-6) M) alone, and then 2) the same concentration of @entity9856 plus 0.5% or 1.0% @entity1508 or @entity5161 delivered by passing compressed air through a flow and temperature compensated vaporizer. The electrodes were maintained in the same cell for the entire experiment. @entity9856 alone decreased MEPC amplitude to 91.3% +/- 4.5% and 65.1% +/- 5.6% of control at 10(-7) and 10(-6) M, respectively. MEPC amplitude with 10(-6) M @entity9856 decreased further to 52.4% +/- 7.6% and 37.4% +/- 7.0% of control after the addition of 0.5% and 1.0% @entity1508 , respectively. After the application of @entity9856 10(-7) M tau was 94.7% +/- 3.1% of control and decreased to 73.7% +/- 7.1% of control with 10(-6) M @entity9856 . After the application of @entity9856 10(-6) M the addition of 0.5% and 1% @entity1508 decreased tau to 52.4% +/- 7.6% and 30.0% +/- 5.9% of control. @entity5161 produced similar changes. This study provides evidence that at least some of the augmentation of nondepolarizing relaxants by inhaled anesthetics can be explained by the additive effect of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants and inhaled anesthetics on MEPC amplitude and tau.

title: Some effects of @entity2899 alone and combined with @entity1508 or XXXX on neuromuscular transmission.

answer: @entity5161 :: (MESH:D007530,Chemical) :: ['isoflurane']


abstract: The mechanisms contributing to the @entity4094 produced by nondepolarizing muscle relaxants and inhaled anesthetics include: 1) receptor blockade, 2) open or closed ion channel block, 3) decreased transmitter release, and 4) receptor desensitization. In this study we investigated the contributions of receptor and ion channel block. We used the two microelectrode voltage clamp to evaluate miniature end-plate currents (MEPCs) for amplitude and time constant of decay (tau) before and after the application of 1) @entity2899 ( @entity9856 ) (10(-7)-10(-6) M) alone, and then 2) the same concentration of @entity9856 plus 0.5% or 1.0% @entity1508 or @entity5161 delivered by passing compressed air through a flow and temperature compensated vaporizer. The electrodes were maintained in the same cell for the entire experiment. @entity9856 alone decreased MEPC amplitude to 91.3% +/- 4.5% and 65.1% +/- 5.6% of control at 10(-7) and 10(-6) M, respectively. MEPC amplitude with 10(-6) M @entity9856 decreased further to 52.4% +/- 7.6% and 37.4% +/- 7.0% of control after the addition of 0.5% and 1.0% @entity1508 , respectively. After the application of @entity9856 10(-7) M tau was 94.7% +/- 3.1% of control and decreased to 73.7% +/- 7.1% of control with 10(-6) M @entity9856 . After the application of @entity9856 10(-6) M the addition of 0.5% and 1% @entity1508 decreased tau to 52.4% +/- 7.6% and 30.0% +/- 5.9% of control. @entity5161 produced similar changes. This study provides evidence that at least some of the augmentation of nondepolarizing relaxants by inhaled anesthetics can be explained by the additive effect of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants and inhaled anesthetics on MEPC amplitude and tau.

title: Some effects of @entity2899 alone and combined with XXXX or @entity5161 on neuromuscular transmission.

answer: @entity1508 :: (MESH:D006221,Chemical) :: ['halothane']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Anti- @entity3391 receptor (anti-NMDAR) @entity198 is a severe but @entity74 , initially identified in young @entity1 with an @entity43 . Symptoms include mood, behavior and personality irregularities that resemble acute @entity716 . The present study reports the rare case of a patient with anti-NMDAR @entity198 and severe @entity16 , that exhibited a rapid recovery following a laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy. The 39-year-old @entity1 was admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine (Osaka, Japan) with a 5-day history of fever and @entity158 . One week later, the @entity1 developed @entity1833 and @entity2777 . Initially, a diagnosis of limbic or herpes @entity198 was considered; thus, the @entity1 was administered @entity1033 and received @entity479 pulse therapy. However, the @entity1 subsequently developed @entity386 , and in response, a tracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation and plasmapheresis were performed. Anti-NMDAR @entity198 was subsequently considered as a diagnosis and mediastinal and pelvic computed tomography (CT) examinations were conducted to detect for the presence of a @entity44 . A 24*24-mm cystic lesion was identified in the pelvis from an abdominal CT scan and the lesion appeared to be an @entity43 . In addition, serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected, and were found to test positive for anti-NMDAR antibodies. A laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, which resulted in rapid improvement of the @entity1 mental symptoms, followed by a complete recovery.

title: Complete recovery from paraneoplastic anti-NMDAR XXXX associated with a small @entity43 following a laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy: A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian teratoma']

entities_list: @entity1033 :: ('MESH:D000212', 'Chemical') :: ['acyclovir']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity3391 :: ('D016202', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['treatment-responsive disorder']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['stomach ache']

entities_list: @entity2777 :: ('MESH:D005166', 'Disease') :: ['emotional lability']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma']

answer: @entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['encephalitis']