abstract: It is still a matter of debate as to which parameters should be used for noninvasive diagnosis of @entity455 by @entity8 ( @entity8 ). The accuracy of @entity8 in the detection of @entity2791 ( @entity2791 ) was tested in 95 consecutive, moderate to severe @entity101 @entity1 (I-II World Health Organization [WHO] stages). Reno-aortic ratio (RAR) for peak systolic velocity (PSV) was also calculated to assist in the diagnosis of significant (>50%) @entity2791 . Paired receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was plotted for evaluating the relationship between sensitivity and specificity for each parameter. In a subset of 57 kidneys, the influence of blood pressure and age on intraparenchymal parameters was evaluated. Measurements of maximal peak systolic velocity (PSV) at the site of stenosis, RAR for PSV, and minimum acceleration index in the main renal artery showed high accuracy (areas under the ROC curve 0.97, 0.88, and 0.80, respectively). Among intraparenchymal parameters, early systolic acceleration showed the best area under the ROC curve (0.90), but provided a low positive predictive value (29%) and was significantly influenced by blood pressure (multiple r=0.56; p=0.001). Pulsatility and resistive indices were found to be less powerful as absolute values, and both significantly influenced by blood pressure and age (multiple r=0.60 and 0.50; p=0.001, p=0.02, respectively). However, interindividual variance of intrarenal indices should be minimized by calculation of side difference, although this procedure would become misleading or impossible in @entity1 with bilateral @entity2791 or a single kidney, respectively. These results support the use of extraparenchymal parameters for noninvasive detection of @entity2791 , and emphasize that intrarenal parameters cannot be considered as absolute values.

title: Diagnosis of XXXX by extra- and intrarenal Doppler parameters.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal Doppler sonography', 'RDS']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['renovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery stenosis', 'RAS']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['renovascular disease']


abstract: The aim of this study was to characterize a novel animal model @entity221 -induced @entity410 and to investigate the impacts of repetitive @entity410 on @entity4207 performances in immature @entity35 . Methods. @entity35 were subjected to @entity221 exposure one, two, or three times in 10-day intervals during 30   min in a water bath warmed at 45-50  C and their behaviour was monitored. Morris water maze @entity4207 were examined for control and treated groups. Results showed that @entity35 subjected to 30-minute @entity221 hot water developed rapidly @entity2045 and then generalized @entity410 . After a single @entity221 exposure, the time for generalised @entity410 appearance was 16.08    0.60   min and it decreased gradually with repetitive exposure to reach 12.46    0.39   min by the third exposure. @entity410 altered the @entity4207 abilities in Morris water maze and increased the time spent to attain the platform after one or two exposures, while after a third exposure @entity35 exhibited the same latency compared to controls. Similar results were obtained in probe test where @entity35 , subjected to @entity221 for one or two episodes, spent less time in the target quadrant compared to corresponding controls. Further, when platform was moved from northwest to southwest quadrant, memory transfer test indicated that after one or two @entity221 exposures cognitive performances were slightly altered, while after a third exposure the latency to escape increased significantly compared to untreated group. It was concluded that 30   min of @entity221 hot water was sufficient to induce @entity410 in immature @entity35 and an increase of susceptibility was observed with repetitive @entity221 exposure. @entity221 treatment impaired cognitive performances but the effects were mostly transient and moderate.

title: XXXX Have Moderate and Transient Effects on Spatial Learning in Immature @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'Febrile seizures', 'febrile seizure', 'tonic-clonic seizures', 'febrile seizures']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonic jerks']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['spatial learning and memory']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia', 'Hyperthermia']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['Hyperthermia-Induced Febrile Seizures']


abstract: The aim of this study was to characterize a novel animal model @entity221 -induced @entity410 and to investigate the impacts of repetitive @entity410 on @entity4207 performances in immature @entity35 . Methods. @entity35 were subjected to @entity221 exposure one, two, or three times in 10-day intervals during 30   min in a water bath warmed at 45-50  C and their behaviour was monitored. Morris water maze @entity4207 were examined for control and treated groups. Results showed that @entity35 subjected to 30-minute @entity221 hot water developed rapidly @entity2045 and then generalized @entity410 . After a single @entity221 exposure, the time for generalised @entity410 appearance was 16.08    0.60   min and it decreased gradually with repetitive exposure to reach 12.46    0.39   min by the third exposure. @entity410 altered the @entity4207 abilities in Morris water maze and increased the time spent to attain the platform after one or two exposures, while after a third exposure @entity35 exhibited the same latency compared to controls. Similar results were obtained in probe test where @entity35 , subjected to @entity221 for one or two episodes, spent less time in the target quadrant compared to corresponding controls. Further, when platform was moved from northwest to southwest quadrant, memory transfer test indicated that after one or two @entity221 exposures cognitive performances were slightly altered, while after a third exposure the latency to escape increased significantly compared to untreated group. It was concluded that 30   min of @entity221 hot water was sufficient to induce @entity410 in immature @entity35 and an increase of susceptibility was observed with repetitive @entity221 exposure. @entity221 treatment impaired cognitive performances but the effects were mostly transient and moderate.

title: @entity410 Have Moderate and Transient Effects on Spatial Learning in Immature XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: Acute rejection is a major risk factor for @entity8638 ( @entity8638 ). Blood leukocytes interacting with allograft endothelial cells during acute rejection were suggested to contribute to the still enigmatic pathogenesis of @entity8638 . We hypothesize that tissue transglutaminase ( @entity70708 ), a multifunctional protein and established marker of M2 macrophages, is involved in acute and chronic graft rejection. We focus on leukocytes accumulating in blood vessels of @entity35 renal allografts (Fischer-344 to Lewis), an established model for reversible acute rejection and @entity8638 . Monocytes in graft blood vessels overexpress @entity70708 when acute rejection peaks on day 9 after transplantation. Concomitantly, @entity4124 is activated, suggesting that @entity70708 expression is linked to apoptosis. After resolution of acute rejection on day 42, leukocytic @entity70708 levels are lower and activated @entity4124 does not differ among isografts and allografts. @entity16249 was applied for 4 weeks after transplantation to inhibit extracellular transglutaminase activity, which did, however, not reduce @entity8638 in the long run. In conclusion, this is the first report on @entity70708 expression by monocytes in vivo. @entity70708 may be involved in leukocytic apoptosis and thus in reversion of acute rejection. However, our data do not support a role of extracellular transglutaminase activity as a factor triggering @entity8638 during self-limiting acute rejection.

title: Monocytic Tissue Transglutaminase in a XXXX Model for Reversible Acute Rejection and Chronic Renal Allograft Injury.

entities_list: @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['chronic allograft injury', 'CAI']

entities_list: @entity16249 :: ('MESH:D003538', 'Chemical') :: ['Cystamine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We sought to determine the incidence of recurrent @entity543 in @entity1 in the Asymptomatic @entity2998 Study (ACAS) who had undergone carotid endarterectomy and were prospectively followed with Doppler ultrasound for up to 5 years. METHODS: The ACAS database was interrogated to determine the rate of recurrent @entity543 (>/=60%) based up angiogram-validated Doppler data, with a 90% and a 95% positive predictive value, as well as information concerning the technologists' interpretation of percent @entity850 . These 3 parameters are reported for each of 3 time intervals: within 3 months of operation ( @entity66 ), between 3 and 18 months (early restenoses), and between 18 and 60 months (late restenosis). RESULTS: Of the 825 @entity1 randomized to the surgical arm of the study, 720 actually underwent carotid endarterectomy, and 645 had complete ultrasound data. The aggregate incidence of residual and recurrent @entity543 for all time intervals ranged from 12.7% to 20.4%, depending on the positive predictive value confidence level desired. @entity66 occurred in 4.1% to 6.5%; true, early restenosis was found in 7.6% to 11.4%; and late restenosis occurred in 1.9% to 4.9%. None of the traditional risk factors showed a statistically significant effect on recurrent @entity850 . The use of patch angioplasty closure reduced overall risk of restenosis from 21.2% to 7.1%, from 16.7% to 4.6%, and from 27.4% to 8.2%, depending on the @entity2286 confidence level desired (P<0.001). Of the 136 @entity1 judged to have recurrent @entity850 , only 8 (5.9%) underwent reoperation (only 1 for symptoms). There was no correlation between late @entity64 and recurrent @entity850 . CONCLUSIONS: Carotid endarterectomy is a durable procedure with a low rate of true restenosis, particularly when patch angioplasty is used to close the arteriotomy.

title: Recurrent XXXX : results of the asymptomatic @entity2998 study.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease', 'Residual disease']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['Carotid Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

answer: @entity543 :: (MESH:D016893,Disease) :: ['carotid stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We sought to determine the incidence of recurrent @entity543 in @entity1 in the Asymptomatic @entity2998 Study (ACAS) who had undergone carotid endarterectomy and were prospectively followed with Doppler ultrasound for up to 5 years. METHODS: The ACAS database was interrogated to determine the rate of recurrent @entity543 (>/=60%) based up angiogram-validated Doppler data, with a 90% and a 95% positive predictive value, as well as information concerning the technologists' interpretation of percent @entity850 . These 3 parameters are reported for each of 3 time intervals: within 3 months of operation ( @entity66 ), between 3 and 18 months (early restenoses), and between 18 and 60 months (late restenosis). RESULTS: Of the 825 @entity1 randomized to the surgical arm of the study, 720 actually underwent carotid endarterectomy, and 645 had complete ultrasound data. The aggregate incidence of residual and recurrent @entity543 for all time intervals ranged from 12.7% to 20.4%, depending on the positive predictive value confidence level desired. @entity66 occurred in 4.1% to 6.5%; true, early restenosis was found in 7.6% to 11.4%; and late restenosis occurred in 1.9% to 4.9%. None of the traditional risk factors showed a statistically significant effect on recurrent @entity850 . The use of patch angioplasty closure reduced overall risk of restenosis from 21.2% to 7.1%, from 16.7% to 4.6%, and from 27.4% to 8.2%, depending on the @entity2286 confidence level desired (P<0.001). Of the 136 @entity1 judged to have recurrent @entity850 , only 8 (5.9%) underwent reoperation (only 1 for symptoms). There was no correlation between late @entity64 and recurrent @entity850 . CONCLUSIONS: Carotid endarterectomy is a durable procedure with a low rate of true restenosis, particularly when patch angioplasty is used to close the arteriotomy.

title: Recurrent @entity543 : results of the asymptomatic XXXX study.

answer: @entity2998 :: (MESH:D002340,Disease) :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']


abstract: The proliferative response of clonal B cells from @entity1 with @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) is drastically reduced compared to normal B lymphocytes stimulated via the B cell antigen receptor complex or by @entity2936 ligation. In the present study we demonstrate that @entity6306 of CLL-B cells can be overcome by stimulatory pathways mediated by activated @entity404 (+) T cells. In contrast to @entity2936 ligation, costimulation with activated T cells promotes a proliferative response in CLL-B cells identical to that in normal B cells. Furthermore, coculture with activated T cells improved survival of CLL-B cells in vitro. Differentiation of CLL-B cells into IgM producing cells was promoted, as well. However, the capacity for IgM secretion remained impaired compared to that of normal B cells. For T-cell-mediated B cell activation direct cellular contact with activated T helper cells is absolutely required. Prevention of @entity2936 / @entity11603 interaction by @entity2936 antibody caused only partial inhibition of B cell activation, suggesting that additional signals are involved in T-B cell interaction. Whereas interruption of the ligand pairs @entity1453 / @entity2071 , @entity5893 / @entity42428 , @entity2731 / @entity32998 had no influence, the addition of @entity7937 antibody completely inhibited B cell activation by activated T cells. In costimulation with cellular signals the presence of B-cell-tropic cytokines, such as @entity1199 and @entity3646 , was required to optimize @entity1072 proliferation, as demonstrated by the use of neutralizing antibodies. We conclude from these results that proliferative @entity6306 by CLL-B cells can be circumvented by antigen-nonspecific signals in addition to @entity2936 which are mediated by direct contact with activated T helper cells.

title: Direct cellular interaction with activated @entity404 (+) T cells overcomes @entity6306 of XXXX in vitro.

entities_list: @entity6306 :: ('MESH:C566417', 'Disease') :: ['hyporesponsiveness']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia', 'B-CLL']

answer: @entity1072 :: (MESH:D015451,Disease) :: ['B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia']


abstract: The proliferative response of clonal B cells from @entity1 with @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) is drastically reduced compared to normal B lymphocytes stimulated via the B cell antigen receptor complex or by @entity2936 ligation. In the present study we demonstrate that @entity6306 of CLL-B cells can be overcome by stimulatory pathways mediated by activated @entity404 (+) T cells. In contrast to @entity2936 ligation, costimulation with activated T cells promotes a proliferative response in CLL-B cells identical to that in normal B cells. Furthermore, coculture with activated T cells improved survival of CLL-B cells in vitro. Differentiation of CLL-B cells into IgM producing cells was promoted, as well. However, the capacity for IgM secretion remained impaired compared to that of normal B cells. For T-cell-mediated B cell activation direct cellular contact with activated T helper cells is absolutely required. Prevention of @entity2936 / @entity11603 interaction by @entity2936 antibody caused only partial inhibition of B cell activation, suggesting that additional signals are involved in T-B cell interaction. Whereas interruption of the ligand pairs @entity1453 / @entity2071 , @entity5893 / @entity42428 , @entity2731 / @entity32998 had no influence, the addition of @entity7937 antibody completely inhibited B cell activation by activated T cells. In costimulation with cellular signals the presence of B-cell-tropic cytokines, such as @entity1199 and @entity3646 , was required to optimize @entity1072 proliferation, as demonstrated by the use of neutralizing antibodies. We conclude from these results that proliferative @entity6306 by CLL-B cells can be circumvented by antigen-nonspecific signals in addition to @entity2936 which are mediated by direct contact with activated T helper cells.

title: Direct cellular interaction with activated XXXX (+) T cells overcomes @entity6306 of @entity1072 in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity404 :: (920,Gene) :: ['CD4']


abstract: The proliferative response of clonal B cells from @entity1 with @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) is drastically reduced compared to normal B lymphocytes stimulated via the B cell antigen receptor complex or by @entity2936 ligation. In the present study we demonstrate that @entity6306 of CLL-B cells can be overcome by stimulatory pathways mediated by activated @entity404 (+) T cells. In contrast to @entity2936 ligation, costimulation with activated T cells promotes a proliferative response in CLL-B cells identical to that in normal B cells. Furthermore, coculture with activated T cells improved survival of CLL-B cells in vitro. Differentiation of CLL-B cells into IgM producing cells was promoted, as well. However, the capacity for IgM secretion remained impaired compared to that of normal B cells. For T-cell-mediated B cell activation direct cellular contact with activated T helper cells is absolutely required. Prevention of @entity2936 / @entity11603 interaction by @entity2936 antibody caused only partial inhibition of B cell activation, suggesting that additional signals are involved in T-B cell interaction. Whereas interruption of the ligand pairs @entity1453 / @entity2071 , @entity5893 / @entity42428 , @entity2731 / @entity32998 had no influence, the addition of @entity7937 antibody completely inhibited B cell activation by activated T cells. In costimulation with cellular signals the presence of B-cell-tropic cytokines, such as @entity1199 and @entity3646 , was required to optimize @entity1072 proliferation, as demonstrated by the use of neutralizing antibodies. We conclude from these results that proliferative @entity6306 by CLL-B cells can be circumvented by antigen-nonspecific signals in addition to @entity2936 which are mediated by direct contact with activated T helper cells.

title: Direct cellular interaction with activated @entity404 (+) T cells overcomes XXXX of @entity1072 in vitro.

answer: @entity6306 :: (MESH:C566417,Disease) :: ['hyporesponsiveness']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The main purpose of this study was to demonstrate an increase in the wettability of @entity1346 -based impression materials after coating them with a hydrophilic film in a glow-discharge system. METHODS: Two @entity11945 impression materials, Extrude (Kerr) and Accuflex (GC America Inc.) were used. Impression specimens were treated in a glow-discharge reactor at a radio frequency of 13.56 MHz at different discharge powers (5-20 W) and exposure times (5-60 min). Surface analysis of the specimens was done by FTIR. Surface contact angles were obtained by a captive-bubble method. These results were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range test (p < 0.05). The total number of voids on the die stone casts was observed microscopically. Linear dimensional accuracy, detail reproducibility, and surface @entity3358 of the die stone casts were also determined. A Student t-test was performed for statistical analysis of these parameters (p > 0.05). RESULTS: FTIR spectra indicated that the number of @entity3787 groups on the surfaces increased (p > 0.05) because of the glow-discharge treatment. Contact angle measurements showed an increase (p < 0.05) in surface hydrophilicity. Total void formation in the stone casts decreased. There were no significant differences in the linear dimensional accuracy, detail reproducibility, and @entity3358 , before and after glow-discharge treatment (p > 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE: It was concluded that the surface wettability of the impression materials may be increased by plasma deposition, and therefore, the formation of voids was reduced in the stone casts.

title: Coating of XXXX -based impression materials in a glow-discharge system by acrylic acid plasma.

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity11945 :: ('MESH:C034183', 'Chemical') :: ['vinyl polysiloxane']

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Though a rare clinical entity, anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) a common cause of @entity583 in @entity1 . Unrecognized and untreated it leads to progressive @entity5988 and @entity299 . In settings of high infectious burden, ALCAPA may erroneously be diagnosed as @entity2401 , @entity384 or other common childhood disorders. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 10 weeks old male @entity1 who presented to the inpatient unit with marked @entity2146 and @entity146 . He was inconsolable, had marked @entity649 , cool extremities, central and peripheral cyanosis @entity26 . The radial and brachial pulses were absent. The mean arterial pressure was 65mmHg, Heart rate of 160 beats per minute with a third heart sound. The liver was enlarged 4cm below the costal margin and tender, with a @entity381 . He had an elevated @entity1011 Kinase-MB of 112.5 u/L. ECG revealed deep Q waves in leads I, aVL, V5, V6 with ST elevation in the anterolateral leads. Echo showed a dilated left ventricle LVEDd of 40mm, with paradoxical interventricular septal motion, severe @entity299 (FS=15%, EF=28%), LV anterolateral wall echo brightness and flow reversal in the Left coronary artery with its origin from the pulmonary trunk. He was admitted to the coronary care unit as a case of @entity583 with @entity65 . He received fluid resuscitation, inotropic support and standard management of @entity712 . Six days later he was discharged home with a plan to refer abroad. He died at home after one week. CONCLUSION: A combination of a high index of suspicion, typical ECG and echocardiographic findings in a young @entity1 presenting with @entity409 could lead to an earlier diagnosis of ALCAPA.

title: A case of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery presenting with @entity583 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity5988 :: ('MESH:C565277', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dilatation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['LV dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['restlessness']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['LV systolic dysfunction', 'systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatinine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular collapse']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular collapse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Though a rare clinical entity, anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) a common cause of @entity583 in @entity1 . Unrecognized and untreated it leads to progressive @entity5988 and @entity299 . In settings of high infectious burden, ALCAPA may erroneously be diagnosed as @entity2401 , @entity384 or other common childhood disorders. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 10 weeks old male @entity1 who presented to the inpatient unit with marked @entity2146 and @entity146 . He was inconsolable, had marked @entity649 , cool extremities, central and peripheral cyanosis @entity26 . The radial and brachial pulses were absent. The mean arterial pressure was 65mmHg, Heart rate of 160 beats per minute with a third heart sound. The liver was enlarged 4cm below the costal margin and tender, with a @entity381 . He had an elevated @entity1011 Kinase-MB of 112.5 u/L. ECG revealed deep Q waves in leads I, aVL, V5, V6 with ST elevation in the anterolateral leads. Echo showed a dilated left ventricle LVEDd of 40mm, with paradoxical interventricular septal motion, severe @entity299 (FS=15%, EF=28%), LV anterolateral wall echo brightness and flow reversal in the Left coronary artery with its origin from the pulmonary trunk. He was admitted to the coronary care unit as a case of @entity583 with @entity65 . He received fluid resuscitation, inotropic support and standard management of @entity712 . Six days later he was discharged home with a plan to refer abroad. He died at home after one week. CONCLUSION: A combination of a high index of suspicion, typical ECG and echocardiographic findings in a young @entity1 presenting with @entity409 could lead to an earlier diagnosis of ALCAPA.

title: A case of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery presenting with XXXX and @entity65 .

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Dietary pattern and its association with @entity66 have not been studied in Baoji city by now. This study was aimed to identify the dietary patterns among Chinese adults in Baoji, and explore the association between these dietary patterns and @entity66 . SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 4,968 @entity1 were included in this study at 12 counties. With multistage stratified random sampling and semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire, the prevalence of @entity66 and dietary intake were investigated in 2013. We used factor analysis to establish dietary patterns. RESULTS: A total of 4,968 @entity1 over 15 years old were included in this study. Five dietary patterns were identified in Baoji: protein, balanced, beans, prudent, and traditional patterns. The protein dietary pattern mainly included animal and plant proteins and was negatively associated with @entity101 as well as @entity64 . The balanced pattern included @entity3363 , protein, and fat and was negatively associated with @entity101 as well as @entity64 . The beans pattern was mainly beans and beans products and was negatively associated with @entity101 . The prudent pattern only included staple foods and pickled vegetables and was positively associated with @entity101 as well as @entity301 . The traditional pattern was representative of local Baoji traditional recipes and was positively associated with @entity101 . CONCLUSIONS: The protein, balanced, and beans dietary patterns showed many protective effects on @entity66 . Based on these results, Baoji city residents should be encouraged to choose protein, balanced, and beans dietary patterns and abandon prudent and traditional patterns to prevent incidence of @entity101 , @entity301 , and @entity64 .

title: Dietary patterns and XXXX in a Chinese population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cardio-cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['cardio-cerebrovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Female @entity5 , especially breast and gynecologic @entity5 are considered multistage disease, highly influenced by risk and protective factors and/or screening preventive modalities. Consequences of all these factors result in the trend of change over time. METHODS: In this comparative study, based on data of national @entity5 registry of Iran 2004 published by Iranian Ministry of Health, age - standard incidence rate (ASR) according to the world population was calculated in all reported gynecologic and @entity0 . Source of all subjects are pathologic based. In the next step, the calculated ASR of Iran and those of the other countries in 2004 were compared to GLOBOCAN ASR reports of 2008. RESULTS: In Iran ASR of @entity0 2004 (24.93) changed to 18.4 in 2008. @entity43 ASR of 2004, 3.07 was 3.1 in 2008. @entity1204 ASR in 2004 (2.29) was 1.7 in 2008. @entity5 ASR of 1.71 in 2004 was 2.2 in 2008. CONCLUSIONS: In Iran incidence trend of breast and endometrium are decreasing in the same direction of USA and Australia. Increasing trend of ovary and cervix ASR in Iran is in the inverse direction of USA and Australia which are decreasing. Future studies to find out the same trend or any changes, might develop these findings and improve consequent practical decisions based on results of this study and complementary future studies.

title: Comparison of Age- Standard Incidence Rate Trends of Gynecologic and XXXX in Iran and Other Countries.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'Cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['Endometrial cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: Radiation-induced @entity204 in the developing brain is @entity899 -dependent. However, genetic studies indicate that the signalling pathways that couple irradiation to @entity899 expression can vary between different developing neural populations [Herzog et al. (1998) Science, 280, 1089-1091]. Here we establish that signalling downstream of @entity899 also exhibits brain region-specific differences that are associated with the relative vulnerability of some cell populations to radiation-induced killing in the @entity19 . Following gamma-irradiation, @entity899 and @entity5207 , but not @entity1380 , protein levels increased in the developing cerebellum. In contrast, neither @entity5207 nor @entity1380 protein levels were elevated in the @entity2788 following irradiation, despite increased @entity899 expression. In the @entity2788 , @entity899 expression was associated with cells destined to die, whereas in the cerebellum, @entity899 was expressed in both radiation-sensitive and radiation-resistant neuroblasts of the external granule cell layer. Although @entity5207 mRNA was expressed in all @entity899 -positive neuroblasts after irradiation, p21WAF1/ @entity5207 protein was only detected in radiation-resistant neuroblasts of the cerebellum. Thus, @entity5207 was subject to post-transcriptional regulation with p21WAF1/ @entity5207 protein only accumulating in cells destined to survive irradiation. Nevertheless, @entity5207 function was not essential for radiation resistance, as postmitotic neuroblasts in the external granule cell layer were spared in p21WAF1/ @entity5207 knockout @entity19 .

title: Differential post-transcriptional regulation of p21WAF1/ XXXX levels in the developing nervous system following gamma-irradiation.

answer: @entity5207 :: (12575(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Cip1']


abstract: @entity1188 /lacunes, @entity62 ( @entity62 ), and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are considered various manifestations of @entity6249 ( @entity6249 ). Since the exact mechanisms of these manifestations differ, their associated risk factors differ. High blood pressure is the most consistent risk factor for all of these manifestations. However, a "J curve" phenomenon in terms of blood pressure probably exists for @entity62 . The association between @entity165 levels and @entity1188 /lacunes or @entity62 was less consistent and sometimes conflicting; a low @entity165 level probably increases the risk of CMBs. @entity3563 appears to be associated with @entity62 . It is noteworthy that the risk factors profile may also differ between different lacunar patterns and CMBs located at different parts of the brain. Thrombolysis, antihypertensives, and @entity6817 are used to treat @entity1 with symptomatic @entity1188 , just as in those with other @entity64 subtypes. However, it should be remembered that @entity548 risks increase in @entity1 with extensive @entity62 and CMBs after thrombolysis therapy. According to the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes trial results, a blood pressure reduction to <130 mmHg is recommended in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity1188 . However, an excessive blood pressure decrease may induce @entity73 in older @entity1 with extensive @entity62 . Dual antiplatelet therapy ( @entity117 plus @entity1397 ) should be avoided because of the excessive risk of @entity1779 . Although no particular antiplatelet is recommended, drugs such as @entity1924 or triflusal may have advantages for @entity1 with @entity6249 since they are associated with less frequent @entity548 complications than @entity117 .

title: Prevention and Management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6249 :: ('MESH:D059345', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral small vessel disease', 'SVD']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity3563 :: ('MESH:C566403', 'Disease') :: ['Homocysteinemia']

entities_list: @entity1924 :: ('MESH:C045645', 'Chemical') :: ['cilostazol']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['lacunar infarcts', 'lacunar infarction', 'Lacunar infarcts']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['WMH', 'white matter hyperintensities']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6249 :: (MESH:D059345,Disease) :: ['Cerebral Small Vessel Disease']


abstract: @entity955 ( @entity955 ) is the most common @entity943 and is associated with major complications. Ongoing research is focused on new pacing devices for alternative treatment of this disease. The objective of an @entity955 registry is to store prospectively all relevant data covering clinical information, quality of life and device parameters and by this means provide a platform for long-term follow-up. For statistical analysis, categorical and numerical items are required, thus a high-granular data structure must be defined and implemented in the clinical setting. Facing the limits of formalization, we developed an XML-based documentation scheme consisting of 619 items in eight tables and implemented it with state-of-the-art Intranet technology. At present detailed information on 88 @entity1 is recorded. The pacing device generates per @entity1 and follow-up visit a file consisting of approximately 400-500 parameters provided on a floppy disk, which are transferred by means of a specific interface into the database. Success factors for integration of a complex research database into the routine workflow of a busy university hospital are interfaces between data sources to enable non-redundant data entry, intensive fine tuning by iterative software engineering and benefit for the clinical users in form of clinical reports and @entity1 -specific summaries. Data quality must be assured by plausibility checks. To get an overview of this complex dataset we developed a dedicated visualization tool. Due to the high number of items a large @entity1 collective must be recruited for statistical evaluation. Interinstitutional cooperation is required for a consensus on common minimal documentation schemes to enable pooling of data.

title: Complexity of biomedical data models in cardiology: the Intranet-based XXXX registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['AF']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to characterize prooxidant-antioxidant balance in @entity1 with different clinical types of @entity2208 . Sixty previously untreated, pregnant @entity1 aged 16-38 years were included into this study. The gestational age ranged from 8 to 12 weeks. @entity1 were divided into three groups of 20 subjects each. The first group consisted of @entity1 with inevitable @entity5852 . The second group included @entity1 with threatened @entity5852 in whom pregnancy was maintained until term. The control group consisted of @entity1 with uncomplicated pregnancy. In all the @entity1 venous blood was collected immediately after the diagnosis was settled and before the treatment was commenced. Two biochemical markers of oxidative stress were quantified, namely: lipid @entity2627 (LP) using spectrophotometric TBARS method and @entity159 ( @entity159 ) by means of the commercially available kits ( @entity159 : Randox Laboratories Ltd., U.K.). The obtained results indicate that @entity2208 is accompanied by a profound disruption of the prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis towards oxidative stress.

title: [The antioxidant-prooxidant balance in pregnancy complicated by XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous abortion']

entities_list: @entity2627 :: ('MESH:D010545', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxides']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['total antioxidant status', 'TAS']

answer: @entity2208 :: (MESH:D000022,Disease) :: ['spontaneous abortion']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Pregnancy induced @entity101 is believed to be a state of neutrophil overactivity, however all previous studies were done on isolated cells. DESIGN: To study neutrophil activity in whole blood of @entity5029 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Neutrophil activity was estimated without isolation, in peripheral whole blood of 23 @entity5029 @entity1 and 26 normal pregnant controls. The chemiluminescence test was performed without any stimulation and upon stimulation of neutrophils with @entity5038 , OZ and @entity4515 , before and after pre-activation with @entity310 . The results were corrected according to the haemoglobin concentration and (%) of neutrophils. The percentage of whole blood neutrophils indicating expression of selectins @entity1454 , @entity9536 , integrin @entity1196 and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of these molecules were studied on flow-cytometry. RESULTS: The study revealed that neutrophil chemiluminescence was not significantly higher in @entity5029 @entity1 and after correction coefficient used it was even lower in @entity5029 @entity1 . @entity310 preactivation had no influence on chemiluminescence results. Expression of @entity9536 expressed as MFI value was significantly increased while that of @entity1196 , expressed as (%) of positive cells and MFI value--decreased in @entity5029 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Changes of neutrophil @entity9536 and @entity8729 expression indicate increased activity of these cells in @entity5029 @entity1 , however low production of reactive @entity26 species estimated by corrected chemiluminescence test especially after @entity310 pre-activation, indicates that this form of their reactivity is rather "exhausted" during @entity5029 .

title: [Parameters of peripheral whole blood neutrophil activity in @entity1 with pregnancy induced XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Pregnancy induced @entity101 is believed to be a state of neutrophil overactivity, however all previous studies were done on isolated cells. DESIGN: To study neutrophil activity in whole blood of @entity5029 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Neutrophil activity was estimated without isolation, in peripheral whole blood of 23 @entity5029 @entity1 and 26 normal pregnant controls. The chemiluminescence test was performed without any stimulation and upon stimulation of neutrophils with @entity5038 , OZ and @entity4515 , before and after pre-activation with @entity310 . The results were corrected according to the haemoglobin concentration and (%) of neutrophils. The percentage of whole blood neutrophils indicating expression of selectins @entity1454 , @entity9536 , integrin @entity1196 and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of these molecules were studied on flow-cytometry. RESULTS: The study revealed that neutrophil chemiluminescence was not significantly higher in @entity5029 @entity1 and after correction coefficient used it was even lower in @entity5029 @entity1 . @entity310 preactivation had no influence on chemiluminescence results. Expression of @entity9536 expressed as MFI value was significantly increased while that of @entity1196 , expressed as (%) of positive cells and MFI value--decreased in @entity5029 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Changes of neutrophil @entity9536 and @entity8729 expression indicate increased activity of these cells in @entity5029 @entity1 , however low production of reactive @entity26 species estimated by corrected chemiluminescence test especially after @entity310 pre-activation, indicates that this form of their reactivity is rather "exhausted" during @entity5029 .

title: [Parameters of peripheral whole blood neutrophil activity in XXXX with pregnancy induced @entity101 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important in barrier homeostasis, but their role in airborne @entity566 is not fully understood. The aim was to evaluate baseline and allergen-induced expression of TLR proteins in nasal epithelium during @entity2023 . Nineteen otherwise healthy non-smoking volunteers both @entity56 to birch pollen and non- @entity56 controls were enrolled. We took nasal biopsies before and after off-seasonal intranasal birch pollen or diluent challenge. The expression of epithelial @entity11709 -7, @entity6801 -10, and @entity4100 proteins was immunohistochemically evaluated from the nasal biopsies. The @entity11709 -3 and @entity20040 -10 mRNAs were observed by RNA-microarray. Baseline epithelial expression of TLR proteins was wide and identical in controls and atopics. After off-seasonal intranasal birch pollen challenge, a negative change in the expression score of @entity11709 and @entity13976 proteins was detected in the atopic group. TLR mRNA expression was not affected by birch pollen challenge. Nasal epithelium seems to express all known TLRs. The mechanisms by which @entity11709 , and @entity13976 proteins could affect pollen allergen transport need further studies.

title: Expression of Toll-like receptors in nasal epithelium in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergies']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

answer: @entity2023 :: (MESH:D006255,Disease) :: ['allergic rhinitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: We conducted a randomized trial to investigate whether systematic nodal dissection (SND) is superior to @entity1764 ( @entity1764 ) in surgical treatment of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). METHODS: The @entity1 resectable clinical Stage I-IIIA @entity1149 were randomly assigned to lung resection combined with SND or lung resection combined with @entity1764 . After postoperative pathological re-staging, eligible cases were followed up until 30 November 2000. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. COX proportional hazards model was used for prognostic analysis. RESULTS: Of the 532 @entity1 who were enrolled in the study, 268 @entity1 were assigned to lung resection combined with SND and 264 were assigned to lung resection combined with @entity1764 . After surgical restaging only 471 cases were eligible for follow-up. The median survival was 59 months in the group given SND and 34 months in the group given @entity1764 (P=0.0000 by the log rank test). There was significant difference in survival in Stage I (5-year survival 82.16 vs. 57.49%) and Stage IIIA (26.98 vs. 6.18%) by the log rank test and Breslow test. There was no significant yet marginal difference in survival by log rank test (10-year survival 32.04 vs. 26.92%, P=0.0523) but significant difference in survival by Breslow test (5-year survival 50.42 vs. 34.05%, P=0.0284) in Stage II. Types of mediastinal lymph node dissection, pTNM stage, @entity5 size and number of lymph node @entity3 were four factors that influenced long-term survival rate by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: As compared with @entity1764 , lobectomy (pneumonectomy) combined with SND can improve survival in resectable @entity1149 .

title: A randomized trial of systematic nodal dissection in resectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1764 :: ('MESH:D008480', 'Disease') :: ['MLS', 'mediastinal lymph nodal sampling']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: The split-course concurrent thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) and full-dose chemotherapy for unresectable @entity5 ( @entity1149 ) has produced promising results by comparison with the sequential approach. Instead of split-course radiation, we conducted a phase II study to investigate the feasibility of continuous concurrent TRT and chemotherapy. Twenty-two @entity1 with unresectable @entity1149 were enrolled onto a phase II study of continuous concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Treatment consisted of two courses of @entity900 (80 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 29), @entity7324 (3 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, 29 and 36), and @entity1138 (8 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 29). TRT began on day 2 at a dose of 60 Gy (2 Gy per fraction and 5 fractions per week for a total of 30 fractions). Of 22 @entity1 assessable for response, none achieved a CR and 17 (77.3%) achieved a PR with an overall response rate of 77.3% (95% confidence interval, 54.6-92.2%). Grade 3 or 4 @entity1431 was observed in 5/13 (81.8%) @entity1 . Six @entity1 (27.3%) experienced > or = grade 3 @entity882 . @entity1503 was relatively mild. The overall median survival time was 19.0 months and the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 84.8 and 34.5%, respectively. It was possible to administer two courses of chemotherapy in 18 @entity1 (81.8%) as planned. Nineteen (86.4%) of the 22 @entity1 received the planned 60 Gy radiation. It seems to be difficult to administer the planned treatment without any interruption for the majority of @entity1 . However, in the selected @entity1 who completed the 60 Gy TRT, nearly half of the @entity1 completed TRT without interruption. This combination regimen is considered to be feasible on condition that the stopping rule of the treatment is followed. We recommend administering radiotherapy continuously as far as possible.

title: A phase II study of continuous concurrent thoracic radiotherapy in combination with @entity1138 , @entity7324 and XXXX in unresectable @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity7324 :: ('MESH:D014751', 'Chemical') :: ['vindesine']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Non-hematological toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The split-course concurrent thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) and full-dose chemotherapy for unresectable @entity5 ( @entity1149 ) has produced promising results by comparison with the sequential approach. Instead of split-course radiation, we conducted a phase II study to investigate the feasibility of continuous concurrent TRT and chemotherapy. Twenty-two @entity1 with unresectable @entity1149 were enrolled onto a phase II study of continuous concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Treatment consisted of two courses of @entity900 (80 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 29), @entity7324 (3 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, 29 and 36), and @entity1138 (8 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 29). TRT began on day 2 at a dose of 60 Gy (2 Gy per fraction and 5 fractions per week for a total of 30 fractions). Of 22 @entity1 assessable for response, none achieved a CR and 17 (77.3%) achieved a PR with an overall response rate of 77.3% (95% confidence interval, 54.6-92.2%). Grade 3 or 4 @entity1431 was observed in 5/13 (81.8%) @entity1 . Six @entity1 (27.3%) experienced > or = grade 3 @entity882 . @entity1503 was relatively mild. The overall median survival time was 19.0 months and the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 84.8 and 34.5%, respectively. It was possible to administer two courses of chemotherapy in 18 @entity1 (81.8%) as planned. Nineteen (86.4%) of the 22 @entity1 received the planned 60 Gy radiation. It seems to be difficult to administer the planned treatment without any interruption for the majority of @entity1 . However, in the selected @entity1 who completed the 60 Gy TRT, nearly half of the @entity1 completed TRT without interruption. This combination regimen is considered to be feasible on condition that the stopping rule of the treatment is followed. We recommend administering radiotherapy continuously as far as possible.

title: A phase II study of continuous concurrent thoracic radiotherapy in combination with XXXX , @entity7324 and @entity900 in unresectable @entity5 .

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin']


abstract: The split-course concurrent thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) and full-dose chemotherapy for unresectable @entity5 ( @entity1149 ) has produced promising results by comparison with the sequential approach. Instead of split-course radiation, we conducted a phase II study to investigate the feasibility of continuous concurrent TRT and chemotherapy. Twenty-two @entity1 with unresectable @entity1149 were enrolled onto a phase II study of continuous concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Treatment consisted of two courses of @entity900 (80 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 29), @entity7324 (3 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, 29 and 36), and @entity1138 (8 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 29). TRT began on day 2 at a dose of 60 Gy (2 Gy per fraction and 5 fractions per week for a total of 30 fractions). Of 22 @entity1 assessable for response, none achieved a CR and 17 (77.3%) achieved a PR with an overall response rate of 77.3% (95% confidence interval, 54.6-92.2%). Grade 3 or 4 @entity1431 was observed in 5/13 (81.8%) @entity1 . Six @entity1 (27.3%) experienced > or = grade 3 @entity882 . @entity1503 was relatively mild. The overall median survival time was 19.0 months and the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 84.8 and 34.5%, respectively. It was possible to administer two courses of chemotherapy in 18 @entity1 (81.8%) as planned. Nineteen (86.4%) of the 22 @entity1 received the planned 60 Gy radiation. It seems to be difficult to administer the planned treatment without any interruption for the majority of @entity1 . However, in the selected @entity1 who completed the 60 Gy TRT, nearly half of the @entity1 completed TRT without interruption. This combination regimen is considered to be feasible on condition that the stopping rule of the treatment is followed. We recommend administering radiotherapy continuously as far as possible.

title: A phase II study of continuous concurrent thoracic radiotherapy in combination with @entity1138 , XXXX and @entity900 in unresectable @entity5 .

answer: @entity7324 :: (MESH:D014751,Chemical) :: ['vindesine']


abstract: The split-course concurrent thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) and full-dose chemotherapy for unresectable @entity5 ( @entity1149 ) has produced promising results by comparison with the sequential approach. Instead of split-course radiation, we conducted a phase II study to investigate the feasibility of continuous concurrent TRT and chemotherapy. Twenty-two @entity1 with unresectable @entity1149 were enrolled onto a phase II study of continuous concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Treatment consisted of two courses of @entity900 (80 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 29), @entity7324 (3 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, 29 and 36), and @entity1138 (8 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 29). TRT began on day 2 at a dose of 60 Gy (2 Gy per fraction and 5 fractions per week for a total of 30 fractions). Of 22 @entity1 assessable for response, none achieved a CR and 17 (77.3%) achieved a PR with an overall response rate of 77.3% (95% confidence interval, 54.6-92.2%). Grade 3 or 4 @entity1431 was observed in 5/13 (81.8%) @entity1 . Six @entity1 (27.3%) experienced > or = grade 3 @entity882 . @entity1503 was relatively mild. The overall median survival time was 19.0 months and the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 84.8 and 34.5%, respectively. It was possible to administer two courses of chemotherapy in 18 @entity1 (81.8%) as planned. Nineteen (86.4%) of the 22 @entity1 received the planned 60 Gy radiation. It seems to be difficult to administer the planned treatment without any interruption for the majority of @entity1 . However, in the selected @entity1 who completed the 60 Gy TRT, nearly half of the @entity1 completed TRT without interruption. This combination regimen is considered to be feasible on condition that the stopping rule of the treatment is followed. We recommend administering radiotherapy continuously as far as possible.

title: A phase II study of continuous concurrent thoracic radiotherapy in combination with @entity1138 , @entity7324 and @entity900 in unresectable XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage III non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Interstitial triplications in conjunction with @entity8882 ( @entity8882 ) have been rarely reported. Here we report on a @entity1 with de novo triplication at 11q13.4-q14.3 and @entity8882 for 11q14.3-qter. Chromosomal analysis showed a karyotype of 46, XYqh+, der (11), and normal parental karyotypes. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array detected an 18.7   Mb copy number gain consistent with tetrasomy for 11q13.4-q14.3 (chr11:71,002,347 bp-89,725,167 bp, hg19) and absence of heterozygosity for a 45   Mb stretch on 11q and consistent with @entity8882 at 11q14.3-qter (chr11:89,843,477 bp-134,930,689 bp, hg19) in our @entity1 . FISH analysis using two probes on both sides of the tetrasomic region showed an inverted 11q13.4-q14.3 region between two direct oriented 11q13.4-q14.3 segments (11q13.4-q14.3::11q14.3-q13.4::11q13.4-qter). Previously reported features of duplication overlapping 11q13-q14 showed clinical variability. Our @entity1 presented with some of those frequently described features, such as @entity245 , @entity154 , and @entity4242 but without @entity299 . Moreover, our @entity1 had in addition a @entity75 ( @entity76 and partial absence of @entity6789 ) which has not been reported. To our knowledge, this is the sixth @entity1 reported an intrachromosomal triplication together with @entity8882 . Interstitial 11q duplication overlapping 11q13-q14 is associated with @entity717 / @entity245 , @entity4242 , and @entity154 but also other malformations.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: De novo 11q13.4q14.3 tetrasomy with XXXX for 11q14.3qter.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial dysmorphism']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain anomaly']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['development delay']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['absence of cerebellar vermis']

entities_list: @entity6789 :: ('MESH:D061085', 'Disease') :: ['corpus callosum']

entities_list: @entity4242 :: ('MESH:D008831', 'Disease') :: ['microcephaly']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disability']

entities_list: @entity8882 :: ('MESH:D024182', 'Disease') :: ['UPD', 'uniparental isodisomy', 'uniparental disomy']

answer: @entity8882 :: (MESH:D024182,Disease) :: ['uniparental isodisomy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: When a phenotype of interest is associated with an external/internal covariate, covariate inclusion in quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses can diminish residual variation and subsequently enhance the ability of QTL detection. In the in vitro synthesis of @entity70709 ( @entity13130 ), the main fragrance compound in @entity579 , the thermal processing during the Maillard-type reaction between @entity1521 and @entity1735 reduction produces a @entity8553 . Hence, for the first time, we included the @entity1521 @entity3689 , an important precursor of @entity13130 , as a covariate in our QTL mapping analyses to precisely explore the genetic factors affecting natural variation for @entity579 scent. Consequently, two QTLs were traced on chromosomes 4 and 8. They explained from 20% to 49% of the total aroma phenotypic variance. Additionally, by saturating the interval harboring the major QTL using gene-based primers, a putative allele of fgr (major genetic determinant of fragrance) was mapped in the QTL on the 8th chromosome in the interval RM223-SCU015RM (1.63 cM). These loci supported previous studies of different accessions. Such QTLs can be widely used by breeders in crop improvement programs and for further fine mapping. Moreover, no previous studies and findings were found on simultaneous assessment of the relationship among @entity13130 , @entity1521 and fragrance QTLs. Therefore, our findings can help further our understanding of the metabolomic and genetic basis of @entity13130 biosynthesis in aromatic @entity579 .

title: Application of an Effective Statistical Technique for an Accurate and Powerful Mining of Quantitative Trait Loci for XXXX Aroma Trait.

entities_list: @entity8553 :: ('MESH:C565779', 'Disease') :: ['roasted, popcorn-like aroma']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity70709 :: ('MESH:C426303', 'Chemical') :: ['2-acetyl-1-pyrroline']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['Rice']


abstract: It is not known whether @entity131 results in a systemic acute phase response (APR) or whether an APR influences outcome after an insult to the CNS. The present study sought to establish whether @entity1545 elicits a systemic or local APR. The expression of @entity15370 ( @entity15370 ) mRNA in liver and brain tissues was measured by Taqman reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction after an excitotoxic lesion in the striatum or challenge with a proinflammatory cytokine. @entity1024 ( @entity143 )-induced @entity75 did not elicit a systemic APR. In contrast, proinflammatory challenge with @entity19 recombinant @entity635 (mrIL-1beta) resulted in a significant hepatic @entity15370 mRNA expression within 6 hours. Thus, an inflammatory challenge that results in a @entity693 leads to a hepatic APR, whereas @entity131 alone, with no evidence of a @entity693 , does not produce an APR. This is surprising because @entity143 leads to an increase in endogenous @entity635 synthesis. This suggests that the brain has an endogenous antiinflammatory mechanism, which protects against the spread of @entity32 after an acute injury. In the brain, both @entity75 and proinflammatory challenge resulted in a profound parenchymal upregulation of @entity15370 mRNA after 6 and 12 hours in the injected hemisphere. These results suggest that the local APR may play a role as an antiinflammatory mechanism. These findings indicate a potentially pivotal role for peripheral and local @entity15370 production on outcome after @entity1545 .

title: The systemic and local acute phase response following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['acute brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-d-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesion', 'excitotoxic lesions']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['acute brain injury']


abstract: Detection of @entity7853 remains problematic in neonates. Near-infrared spectroscopy, a noninvasive bedside technology has potential, although thresholds for @entity7853 have not been defined. This study determined @entity519 -ischemic thresholds for cerebral @entity26 saturation ( @entity32749 ) in terms of EEG, brain @entity855 , and @entity880 concentrations, and compared these values with CBF and sagittal sinus @entity26 saturation (SVO2). Sixty anesthetized piglets were equipped with near-infrared spectroscopy, EEG, laser-Doppler flowmetry, and a sagittal sinus catheter. After baseline, @entity32749 levels of less than 20%, 20% to 29%, 30% to 39%, 40% to 49%, 50% to 59%, 60% to 79%, or 80% or greater were recorded for 30 minutes of normoxic normocapnia, hypercapnic @entity871 , or bilateral @entity432 with or without arterial @entity519 . Brain @entity855 and @entity880 concentrations were measured biochemically. Logistic and linear regression determined the @entity32749 , CBF, and SVO2 thresholds for abnormal EEG, @entity855 , and @entity880 findings. Baseline @entity32749 was 68 + 5%. The @entity32749 thresholds for increased @entity880 , minor and major EEG change, and decreased @entity855 were 44 +/- 1%, 42 +/- 5%, 37 +/- 1%, and 33 +/- 1%. The @entity32749 correlated linearly with SVO2 (r = 0.98) and CBF (r = 0.89), with corresponding SVO2 thresholds of 23%, 20%, 13%, and 8%, and CBF thresholds (% baseline) of 56%, 52%, 42%, and 36%. Thus, @entity7853 near-infrared spectroscopy thresholds for functional impairment are @entity32749 33% to 44%, a range that is well below baseline @entity32749 of 68%, suggesting a buffer between normal and dysfunction that also exists for CBF and SVO2.

title: Near-infrared spectroscopy cerebral @entity26 saturation thresholds for XXXX -ischemia in piglets.

entities_list: @entity871 :: ('MESH:D018496', 'Disease') :: ['hyperoxia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity7853 :: ('MESH:D020925', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoxia-ischemia']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['carotid occlusion']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: Detection of @entity7853 remains problematic in neonates. Near-infrared spectroscopy, a noninvasive bedside technology has potential, although thresholds for @entity7853 have not been defined. This study determined @entity519 -ischemic thresholds for cerebral @entity26 saturation ( @entity32749 ) in terms of EEG, brain @entity855 , and @entity880 concentrations, and compared these values with CBF and sagittal sinus @entity26 saturation (SVO2). Sixty anesthetized piglets were equipped with near-infrared spectroscopy, EEG, laser-Doppler flowmetry, and a sagittal sinus catheter. After baseline, @entity32749 levels of less than 20%, 20% to 29%, 30% to 39%, 40% to 49%, 50% to 59%, 60% to 79%, or 80% or greater were recorded for 30 minutes of normoxic normocapnia, hypercapnic @entity871 , or bilateral @entity432 with or without arterial @entity519 . Brain @entity855 and @entity880 concentrations were measured biochemically. Logistic and linear regression determined the @entity32749 , CBF, and SVO2 thresholds for abnormal EEG, @entity855 , and @entity880 findings. Baseline @entity32749 was 68 + 5%. The @entity32749 thresholds for increased @entity880 , minor and major EEG change, and decreased @entity855 were 44 +/- 1%, 42 +/- 5%, 37 +/- 1%, and 33 +/- 1%. The @entity32749 correlated linearly with SVO2 (r = 0.98) and CBF (r = 0.89), with corresponding SVO2 thresholds of 23%, 20%, 13%, and 8%, and CBF thresholds (% baseline) of 56%, 52%, 42%, and 36%. Thus, @entity7853 near-infrared spectroscopy thresholds for functional impairment are @entity32749 33% to 44%, a range that is well below baseline @entity32749 of 68%, suggesting a buffer between normal and dysfunction that also exists for CBF and SVO2.

title: Near-infrared spectroscopy cerebral XXXX saturation thresholds for @entity519 -ischemia in piglets.

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: This study sought to determine the relationship between Youth Self Report (YSR) scores for @entity146 , YSR scores for social competence, and metabolic control in @entity1 and adolescents with Type 1 @entity6 . Using a cross sectional design, 234 individuals between 11 and 18 years old were given the YSR at regular clinic appointments; glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) was also measured. More than 50% of subjects showed GHb levels above 9%; the normal GHb level is 4.2% to 5.8%. Individuals reporting a greater number of @entity146 , though not in the pathological range on the @entity146 , delinquent behaviors, and attention problems subscales of the YSR, were more than twice as likely to have GHb levels above 9%. Using logistic regression the externalizing scale ( @entity146 and delinquent behaviors combined) predicted elevated GHb at 2.41, p =.003. Youth in this study were middle-class and were receiving subspecialty care. Yet, over half of them had GHb levels above the recommended 9%. The psychological health of youth should be monitored at regular intervals. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether @entity146 , delinquent behaviors, and attention problems in @entity1 and adolescents with Type 1 @entity6 result later in @entity308 and elevated levels of GHb in these same individuals or whether these elevations are transient. Interviews could be supplemented with instruments such as the YSR and care given for those with a higher number of self-reported problems.

title: Psychosocial factors associated with levels of metabolic control in youth with type 1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression', 'behavior problems']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine if corneal epithelial thickness increases in association with @entity3279 induced by wearing soft contact lenses during eye closure. DESIGN: Experimental study. METHODS: One eye (randomly selected) of twenty noncontact lens wearers (10 males and 10 females, age 35.6 +/- 9.6 years) was patched during 3 hours of @entity8650 ( @entity8650 ) wear and the contralateral eye acted as a control. Corneal and epithelial thickness of both eyes was measured before and after @entity8650 wear using optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS: Immediately after contact lens @entity2687 was increased significantly by 13.8 +/- 2.3% (mean +/- SD) compared with baseline (P <.0001, paired t test) and after 100 minutes was still 4.5 +/- 2.3% thicker than baseline (P <.0001, paired t test). The control eyes showed no change in total corneal thickness (P >.05, paired t test). Immediately after contact lens removal, corneal epithelial thickness was increased by 1.7 +/- 4.8%, but this change was not statistically significant (P >.05, paired t test). Following contact lens removal, epithelial thickness changed significantly (Repeated measure analysis of variance [Re-ANOVA]: F((7,133)) = 4.91, p(H-F) < 0.001) over the next 100 minutes with thinning recorded at 60, 80, and 100 minutes (P <.05, paired t test). There was no significant change over time in epithelial thickness of the control eyes (Re-ANOVA: F(4, 76) = 0.91, p(H-F) = 0.464). CONCLUSION: OCT demonstrated that corneal epithelial thickness does not increase in response to @entity519 from @entity8650 wear and eye closure, in contrast to a significant @entity2687 .

title: The measurement of corneal epithelial thickness in response to XXXX using optical coherence tomography.

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['increase in total corneal thickness', 'removal, total corneal thickness']

entities_list: @entity3279 :: ('MESH:D015715', 'Disease') :: ['corneal edema']

entities_list: @entity8650 :: ('MESH:D012983', 'Disease') :: ['SCL', 'soft contact lens']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite current interest in the biology and diagnostic applications of cell-free DNA in plasma and serum, the cellular origin of this DNA is poorly understood. We used a sex-mismatched bone marrow transplantation model to study the relative contribution of @entity1583 and nonhematopoietic cells to circulating DNA. METHODS: We studied 22 sex-mismatched bone marrow transplantation @entity1 . Paired buffy coat and plasma samples were obtained from all 22 patients. Matching serum samples were also obtained from seven of them. Plasma DNA, serum DNA, and buffy coat were quantified by real-time PCR of the @entity16438 and @entity5358 gene DNA. To investigate the effects of blood drawing and other preanalytical variables on plasma DNA concentrations, blood samples were also collected from 14 individuals who had not received transplants. The effects of blood sampling by syringe and needle, centrifugation, and time delay in blood processing were studied. RESULTS: The median percentage of Y-chromosome DNA in the plasma in female @entity1 receiving bone marrow from male donors (59.5%) differed significantly (P <0.001) from that in the male @entity1 receiving bone marrow from female donors (6.9%). This indicated that plasma DNA in the bone marrow transplantation recipients was predominantly of donor origin. Compared with paired plasma samples, serum samples had a median 14-fold higher DNA concentration, with the additional DNA being of donor origin. Control experiments indicated that none of the three tested preanalytical variables contributed to a significant change in cell-free DNA concentration. CONCLUSIONS: After bone marrow transplantation, the DNA in plasma and serum is predominantly @entity1583 in origin. Apart from the biological implications of this observation, this finding suggests that plasma and serum can be used as alternative materials for the study of postbone marrow transplantation chimerism.

title: Predominant XXXX origin of cell-free DNA in plasma and serum after sex-mismatched bone marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic']

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['hematopoietic']


abstract: @entity548 is one of the most common and worrisome complications of post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). This study aimed at evaluating the safety, effectiveness of utilization of the absorbable hemostatic gauze cover renal tract for @entity548 of post-PCNL. The prospective study including 188 @entity1 with upper urinary tract calculi was carried out in the department of Urology at Linyi @entity1 's Hospital from November 2011 to September 2013. All @entity1 underwent PCNL procedures and they were divided into two groups randomly before the procedure. Group A (n=91) was indwelled a 16F catheter as nephrostomy tube at the end of the surgery, Group B (n=97) was indwelled a 14F catheter covered with absorbable hemostatic gauze for hemostasis. @entity190 was estimated based on the mass of hemoglobin in the draining liquid and urine during postoperative duration by HiCN method. The average @entity190 was 25.76  23.99 g for Group A, and 14.25  6.87 g for Group B, respectively, with statistical difference by comparison (P<0.05). The delta hemoglobin was 16.24  10.98 mmol/L for Group A, and 10.71  5.57 mmol/L for Group B, respectively, also with statistical difference by comparison (P<0.05). Nephrostomy channel applications of absorbable hemostatic gauze after PCNL can significantly reduce @entity86 . Utilizing the absorbable hemostatic gauze for post-PCNL @entity548 is safe, effective and feasible.

title: Improved nephrostomy tube can reduce percutaneous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['People', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss', 'Blood loss']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Renal hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['nephrolithotomy postoperative bleeding']


abstract: PURPOSE: The immunotoxin, ricin-mAb 35, composed of ricin conjugated to a monoclonal antibody against the nicotinic @entity934 receptor of skeletal muscle, has been proposed as a potential new agent for treatment of focal @entity3519 . It has been demonstrated that direct injection of ricin-mAb 35 into @entity95 extraocular muscle (EOM) results in significant @entity121 within 1 week. In this study, the long-term myopathic effects of ricin-mAb 35 on extraocular muscle were investigated. METHODS: @entity95 superior rectus muscles were injected with ricin-mAb 35 at a dose of 0.2 microg/kg, with the contralateral superior rectus muscle serving as the control. After 56 days, 105 days, and 1 year, the superior rectus muscles were removed and prepared for light or electron microscopy. Postinjection changes in muscle fiber morphometry and ultrastructure were examined. Immunohistochemical markers were used to identify inflammatory cellular infiltrate and @entity16477 ( @entity16477 ) isoform expression. RESULTS: Despite evidence of ongoing regeneration, treated muscles continued to show a decrease in both myofiber number and in total cross-sectional area 56 and 105 days after injection. Individual myofiber cross-sectional areas were markedly heterogeneous at 56 days. Myofiber number and muscle cross-sectional area returned to normal 1 year after injection, but pronounced heterogeneity of myofiber size remained. The most significant changes in @entity16477 ( @entity16477 ) isoform expression occurred in the orbital layer, where, at 56 and 105 days, there were increased numbers of fast and neonatal myofibers and decreased numbers of slow myofibers. In the global layer, after both 105 days and 1 year, there was a decrease in myofibers that were positive for slow, neonatal, and developmental @entity16477 expression. CONCLUSIONS: EOM injection with ricin-mAb 35 results in a sustained decrease in muscle mass at 105 days after injection, with subtler morphometric changes persisting even to 1 year. Changes in muscle force development as a result of ricin-mAb 35 injection are currently under investigation. This novel immunotoxin may be useful in the treatment of strabismus if these studies show sustained weakness in treated muscles.

title: Long-term effects of ricin-mAb 35 on extraocular muscles of XXXX : potential treatment for strabismus.

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbit', 'Rabbit']

entities_list: @entity3519 :: ('MESH:D004421', 'Disease') :: ['muscle dystonias']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle loss']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: @entity1096 ( @entity1096 ), a malignancy-associated secreted phosphoprotein, is a prognostic plasma biomarker for survival in metastatic @entity0 @entity1 . We evaluated the role of @entity1096 in @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and association with survival. Fifty-three @entity1 with non-metastatic @entity0 were enrolled in this study and monitored serially for plasma @entity1096 levels by ELISA during neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery. For fifty @entity1 who had baseline @entity1096 levels available for analysis, the median baseline @entity1096 level was 63.6 ng/ml. Median @entity1 follow up was 45 months and thirteen @entity1 died from metastatic disease. @entity1 with baseline @entity1096 levels >=  63.6 ng/ml were significantly more likely to die of their disease than those with baseline @entity1096 < 63.6 ng/mL (Hazard Ratio = 3.4; 95% confidence interval 1.4-11.3; P = 0.011), and overall, baseline @entity1096 level was significantly associated with survival (P = 0.002). There was little support for value of serial @entity1096 determination in monitoring response to therapy in this @entity1 population. Although the percentage of @entity1 with baseline @entity1096 levels < 63.6 ng/ml was higher in @entity1 with pathological complete response than in those with no response, the difference was not statistically significant (64% and 14%, respectively (P = 0.066)). Thus, baseline plasma @entity1096 level is a prognostic biomarker in this group of @entity0 @entity1 , and could also be helpful in identifying @entity0 @entity1 who will respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Our results call for validation of our findings in large prospective trial data sets.

title: Role of plasma @entity1096 as a biomarker in locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Locally Advanced Breast Cancer', 'breast cancer', 'LABC']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: @entity1096 ( @entity1096 ), a malignancy-associated secreted phosphoprotein, is a prognostic plasma biomarker for survival in metastatic @entity0 @entity1 . We evaluated the role of @entity1096 in @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and association with survival. Fifty-three @entity1 with non-metastatic @entity0 were enrolled in this study and monitored serially for plasma @entity1096 levels by ELISA during neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery. For fifty @entity1 who had baseline @entity1096 levels available for analysis, the median baseline @entity1096 level was 63.6 ng/ml. Median @entity1 follow up was 45 months and thirteen @entity1 died from metastatic disease. @entity1 with baseline @entity1096 levels >=  63.6 ng/ml were significantly more likely to die of their disease than those with baseline @entity1096 < 63.6 ng/mL (Hazard Ratio = 3.4; 95% confidence interval 1.4-11.3; P = 0.011), and overall, baseline @entity1096 level was significantly associated with survival (P = 0.002). There was little support for value of serial @entity1096 determination in monitoring response to therapy in this @entity1 population. Although the percentage of @entity1 with baseline @entity1096 levels < 63.6 ng/ml was higher in @entity1 with pathological complete response than in those with no response, the difference was not statistically significant (64% and 14%, respectively (P = 0.066)). Thus, baseline plasma @entity1096 level is a prognostic biomarker in this group of @entity0 @entity1 , and could also be helpful in identifying @entity0 @entity1 who will respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Our results call for validation of our findings in large prospective trial data sets.

title: Role of plasma XXXX as a biomarker in locally advanced @entity0 .

answer: @entity1096 :: (6696,Gene) :: ['osteopontin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare T2-weighted breath-hold single-shot fast @entity9468 ( @entity9468 ) and @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled gradient-echo (GRE) MR imaging with contrast material administered orally and rectally for evaluating @entity1 with @entity30 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity1 with @entity30 received 2% @entity6680 and water enema. The abdomen and pelvis were imaged with transverse and coronal single-shot fast @entity9468 and @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE MR imaging. Two radiologists reviewed the two types of images for @entity29 . The extent, severity, and conspicuity of the disease were determined. Proof of @entity29 at MR imaging was compared with that at endoscopy, barium study, and surgery. Statistical analysis was performed with the McNemar test. RESULTS: Twenty-five of 28 @entity1 had proven abnormal bowel segments. The per- @entity1 sensitivity of @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE MR imaging for the two radiologists was 100% and 96% versus 60% and 60% (P <.05) with single-shot fast @entity9468 MR imaging. @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE MR images depicted more segments (54 and 52 of 61 segments; sensitivity, 89% and 85%, respectively) of the diseased bowel than did single-shot fast @entity9468 MR images (31 and 32 of 61 segments; sensitivity, 51% and 52%, respectively; P <.001). Severity of @entity30 was correctly depicted at @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE imaging in 93% of @entity1 versus in 43% of @entity1 at single-shot fast @entity9468 imaging. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity30 , @entity2287 -enhanced fat-suppressed spoiled GRE MR imaging better depicted the extent and severity of @entity1944 compared with single-shot fast @entity9468 imaging.

title: @entity30 with endoscopic correlation: single-shot fast @entity9468 and XXXX -enhanced fat-suppressed spoiled gradient-echo MR imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal disease']

entities_list: @entity6680 :: ('MESH:D001466', 'Chemical') :: ['barium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['Gadolinium', 'gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['Crohn disease']

answer: @entity2287 :: (MESH:D005682,Chemical) :: ['gadolinium']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare T2-weighted breath-hold single-shot fast @entity9468 ( @entity9468 ) and @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled gradient-echo (GRE) MR imaging with contrast material administered orally and rectally for evaluating @entity1 with @entity30 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity1 with @entity30 received 2% @entity6680 and water enema. The abdomen and pelvis were imaged with transverse and coronal single-shot fast @entity9468 and @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE MR imaging. Two radiologists reviewed the two types of images for @entity29 . The extent, severity, and conspicuity of the disease were determined. Proof of @entity29 at MR imaging was compared with that at endoscopy, barium study, and surgery. Statistical analysis was performed with the McNemar test. RESULTS: Twenty-five of 28 @entity1 had proven abnormal bowel segments. The per- @entity1 sensitivity of @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE MR imaging for the two radiologists was 100% and 96% versus 60% and 60% (P <.05) with single-shot fast @entity9468 MR imaging. @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE MR images depicted more segments (54 and 52 of 61 segments; sensitivity, 89% and 85%, respectively) of the diseased bowel than did single-shot fast @entity9468 MR images (31 and 32 of 61 segments; sensitivity, 51% and 52%, respectively; P <.001). Severity of @entity30 was correctly depicted at @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE imaging in 93% of @entity1 versus in 43% of @entity1 at single-shot fast @entity9468 imaging. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity30 , @entity2287 -enhanced fat-suppressed spoiled GRE MR imaging better depicted the extent and severity of @entity1944 compared with single-shot fast @entity9468 imaging.

title: @entity30 with endoscopic correlation: single-shot fast XXXX and @entity2287 -enhanced fat-suppressed spoiled gradient-echo MR imaging.

answer: @entity9468 :: (MESH:D014717,Disease) :: ['spin-echo']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare T2-weighted breath-hold single-shot fast @entity9468 ( @entity9468 ) and @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled gradient-echo (GRE) MR imaging with contrast material administered orally and rectally for evaluating @entity1 with @entity30 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity1 with @entity30 received 2% @entity6680 and water enema. The abdomen and pelvis were imaged with transverse and coronal single-shot fast @entity9468 and @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE MR imaging. Two radiologists reviewed the two types of images for @entity29 . The extent, severity, and conspicuity of the disease were determined. Proof of @entity29 at MR imaging was compared with that at endoscopy, barium study, and surgery. Statistical analysis was performed with the McNemar test. RESULTS: Twenty-five of 28 @entity1 had proven abnormal bowel segments. The per- @entity1 sensitivity of @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE MR imaging for the two radiologists was 100% and 96% versus 60% and 60% (P <.05) with single-shot fast @entity9468 MR imaging. @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE MR images depicted more segments (54 and 52 of 61 segments; sensitivity, 89% and 85%, respectively) of the diseased bowel than did single-shot fast @entity9468 MR images (31 and 32 of 61 segments; sensitivity, 51% and 52%, respectively; P <.001). Severity of @entity30 was correctly depicted at @entity2287 -enhanced spoiled GRE imaging in 93% of @entity1 versus in 43% of @entity1 at single-shot fast @entity9468 imaging. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity30 , @entity2287 -enhanced fat-suppressed spoiled GRE MR imaging better depicted the extent and severity of @entity1944 compared with single-shot fast @entity9468 imaging.

title: XXXX with endoscopic correlation: single-shot fast @entity9468 and @entity2287 -enhanced fat-suppressed spoiled gradient-echo MR imaging.

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although inhaled @entity288 have an established role in the treatment of @entity565 , studies have tended to concentrate on non-smokers and little is known about the possible effect of cigarette smoking on the efficacy of treatment with inhaled @entity230 in @entity565 . A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of active cigarette smoking on responses to treatment with inhaled corticosteroids in @entity1 with mild @entity565 . METHODS: The effect of treatment with inhaled @entity5023 (1000 microg daily) or placebo for 3 weeks was studied in a double blind, prospective, randomised, placebo controlled study of 38 steroid na  ve adult @entity748 @entity1 (21 non-smokers). Efficacy was assessed using morning and evening peak expiratory flow (PEF) readings, spirometric parameters, @entity6587 , and sputum eosinophil counts. Comparison was made between responses to treatment in non-smoking and smoking @entity748 @entity1 . RESULTS: There was a significantly greater increase in mean morning PEF in non-smokers than in smokers following inhaled @entity5023 (27 l/min v -5 l/min). Non-smokers had a statistically significant increase in mean morning PEF (27 l/min), mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (0.17 l), and geometric mean PC20 (2.6 doubling doses), and a significant decrease in the proportion of sputum eosinophils (-1.75%) after @entity5023 compared with placebo. No significant changes were observed in the smoking @entity748 @entity1 for any of these parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Active cigarette smoking impairs the efficacy of short term inhaled corticosteroid treatment in mild @entity565 . This finding has important implications for the management of @entity1 with mild @entity565 who smoke.

title: Influence of cigarette smoking on inhaled corticosteroid treatment in mild XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity6587 :: ('MESH:D016535', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial hyperreactivity']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone propionate', 'fluticasone']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: In 1938, S  zary and Bouvrain reported a new form of disseminated @entity706 , characterized by an erythrodermia, and by the presence in the blood of cells with a cerebriform nucleus. It was shown later that this disease was related to the proliferation of a subpopulation of @entity404 + T lymphocytes. With the aim to develop new therapeutic strategies for these @entity706 , we tried to evidence and to characterize the @entity5 -specific immune responses in these @entity784 . We have isolated several T cell clones from lymphocytes infiltrating a @entity1 MHC class II negative @entity784 . We describe here two of these clones, TC5 and TC7, with respectively a @entity404 + @entity405 + and @entity404 + @entity405 - phenotype. Both clones mediated a specific MHC class I-restricted cytotoxic activity toward the fresh @entity5 cells, and @entity5 cell lines previously established with @entity1199 and @entity6977 from the skin and from the blood. Analysis of the T-cell receptor V beta gene expression revealed that the @entity5 cells, that were shown to have a trisomy 7 by fluorescent in situ hybridization, expressed V beta 7/J beta 2.3, V beta 13/J beta 2.5 and V beta 22/J beta 2.5 rearrangements. Phenotypic analysis using specific anti-V beta monoclonal antibodies indicated that only V beta 13 could be detected on the cell membrane of the @entity5 cells. Analysis of the TCR V beta gene expression of the clones showed that TC5 and TC7 expressed a unique TCR-V beta transcript, corresponding respectively to V beta 5/J beta 2.3 and V beta 17/J beta 2.7 gene segments. To determine whether these reactive T lymphocytes were present in vivo, we used specific primers corresponding to TC5 and TC7-V beta TCR transcripts. The results demonstrated that both cytotoxic T cell clones were present at the lesional skin site and amplified in vitro. @entity55965 was found in the @entity1 peripheral blood invaded by tumoral cells, whereas TC5 was not, indicating that the repertoire of the reactional lymphocytes differs in the blood and at the @entity5 site. These results demonstrate for the first time the presence of reactive T lymphocytes with @entity404 or double positive phenotype infiltrating a CTCL. These findings raise new perspectives for the treatment of @entity784 .

title: [ XXXX of the S  zary and Bouvrain type. Progress in physiopathologic and therapeutic outlook].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous lymphomas', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'autologous tumor']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous T-cell lymphomas', 'cutaneous T cell lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous lymphoma']


abstract: 2,683 cardiothoracic operations were carried out over a 3-year period. @entity1 requiring haemofiltration after surgery had a much greater mortality than those not haemofiltered. Of the 1,177 cardiothoracic intensive care unit (ICU) @entity1 , 91 required haemofiltration for @entity810 ( @entity810 ; 7.7%). Of the 1,506 cardiothoracic high-dependency unit @entity1 13 were transferred to the renal unit for dialysis (0.86%). Mortality for cardiothoracic @entity1 overall was 14.4% and for those who required haemofiltration 58.7%. 74 of these haemofiltered @entity1 had normal renal function preoperatively; mortality 61%. 15 @entity1 had pre-existing @entity8 ; mortality 53.3%. 15 @entity1 were on dialysis prior to surgery; mortality 60%. Age was not a predictor of requirement for renal replacement therapy or of mortality. Operation type was a risk factor for @entity810 : of @entity1 having a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) 2.4% were filtered (mortality 37.8%), of @entity1 having valve replacements 14.2% were haemofiltered (mortality 60.9%), and of the @entity1 having redo-CABGs or redo-valve replacements 12.3% required haemofiltration (mortality 100%).

title: XXXX after cardiothoracic surgery: a review of three years experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['ARF', 'acute renal failure']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['Acute renal failure']


abstract: T cells that can respond to self-antigens are present in the peripheral immune repertoire of all healthy individuals. Recently we have found that unmanipulated SJL @entity19 that are highly susceptible to @entity6503 also maintain a very high frequency of T cells responding to an encephalitogenic epitope of a myelin antigen proteolipid protein ( @entity13743 ) 139-151 in the peripheral repertoire. This is not due to lack of expression of myelin antigens in the thymus resulting in escape of @entity13743 139-151 reactive cells from central tolerance, but is due to expression of a splice variant of @entity13743 named @entity13743 , which lacks the residues 116-150. In spite of this high frequency, the @entity13743 139-151 reactive cells remain undifferentiated in the periphery and do not induce spontaneous @entity6503 . In contrast, SJL TCR @entity19 expressing a receptor derived from a pathogenic T cell clone do develop spontaneous disease. This may be because in normal @entity19 , autoreactive cells are kept in check by an alternate @entity13743 139-151 reactive nonpathogenic repertoire, which maintains a balance that keeps them healthy. If this is the case, selective activation of one repertoire or the other may alter susceptibility to @entity792 . Since T cells are generally cross-reactive, besides responding to nonself-antigens, they also maintain significant responses to self-antigens. Based on the @entity13743 139-151 system, we propose a model in which activation with foreign antigens can result in the generation of pathogenic memory T cells that mediate autoimmunity. We also outline circumstances under which activation of self-reactive T cells with foreign antigens can generate selective tolerance and thus generate protective/regulatory memory against self while still maintaining significant responses against foreign antigens. This provides a mechanism by which the fidelity and specificity of the immune system against foreign antigens is improved without increasing the potential for developing an @entity792 .

title: T cell response in XXXX ( @entity6503 ): role of self and cross-reactive antigens in shaping, tuning, and regulating the autopathogenic T cell repertoire.

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity6503 :: (MESH:D004681,Disease) :: ['experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis']