abstract: @entity943 occur frequently in @entity1 with @entity101 left ventricular (LV) @entity1184 and have been associated with increased incidence of @entity944 . In this study, the effect of various antihypertensive medications on @entity943 was evaluated in 31 @entity101 @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity4346 . @entity1 were assessed at baseline (after 3 weeks of placebo treatment) and after treatment with each of 4 monotherapies: @entity3988 120 or 240 mg/day, @entity1406 100 or 200 mg/day, @entity4688 10 or 20 mg/day and @entity918 50 or 100 mg/day. Each drug therapy was administered for 4 weeks. The sequence of each treatment was determined at random. Echocardiographic measurements and electrocardiograms were obtained only at baseline. Biochemical measurements and 48-hour Holter monitoring were obtained at baseline and at the end of each treatment. All treatments resulted in a significant but similar decrease in blood pressure. In the group as a whole @entity3988 decreased ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) by 65% (p < 0.05) and @entity1406 by 52% (p = 0.07). @entity4688 and @entity918 had no effect. In 12 @entity1 with > or = 5 VPCs/hour at baseline, @entity3988 and @entity1406 decreased VPCs by 66% (p < 0.05). It is concluded that in @entity101 @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity4346 , both @entity3988 and @entity1406 significantly reduce VPCs.

title: Effects of @entity3988 , @entity1406 , XXXX and @entity918 on frequency of ventricular premature complexes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril', 'Enalapril']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['LV hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'Ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity4688 :: (MESH:D004656,Chemical) :: ['enalapril']


abstract: @entity943 occur frequently in @entity1 with @entity101 left ventricular (LV) @entity1184 and have been associated with increased incidence of @entity944 . In this study, the effect of various antihypertensive medications on @entity943 was evaluated in 31 @entity101 @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity4346 . @entity1 were assessed at baseline (after 3 weeks of placebo treatment) and after treatment with each of 4 monotherapies: @entity3988 120 or 240 mg/day, @entity1406 100 or 200 mg/day, @entity4688 10 or 20 mg/day and @entity918 50 or 100 mg/day. Each drug therapy was administered for 4 weeks. The sequence of each treatment was determined at random. Echocardiographic measurements and electrocardiograms were obtained only at baseline. Biochemical measurements and 48-hour Holter monitoring were obtained at baseline and at the end of each treatment. All treatments resulted in a significant but similar decrease in blood pressure. In the group as a whole @entity3988 decreased ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) by 65% (p < 0.05) and @entity1406 by 52% (p = 0.07). @entity4688 and @entity918 had no effect. In 12 @entity1 with > or = 5 VPCs/hour at baseline, @entity3988 and @entity1406 decreased VPCs by 66% (p < 0.05). It is concluded that in @entity101 @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity4346 , both @entity3988 and @entity1406 significantly reduce VPCs.

title: Effects of @entity3988 , XXXX , @entity4688 and @entity918 on frequency of ventricular premature complexes.

answer: @entity1406 :: (MESH:D008790,Chemical) :: ['metoprolol']


abstract: @entity943 occur frequently in @entity1 with @entity101 left ventricular (LV) @entity1184 and have been associated with increased incidence of @entity944 . In this study, the effect of various antihypertensive medications on @entity943 was evaluated in 31 @entity101 @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity4346 . @entity1 were assessed at baseline (after 3 weeks of placebo treatment) and after treatment with each of 4 monotherapies: @entity3988 120 or 240 mg/day, @entity1406 100 or 200 mg/day, @entity4688 10 or 20 mg/day and @entity918 50 or 100 mg/day. Each drug therapy was administered for 4 weeks. The sequence of each treatment was determined at random. Echocardiographic measurements and electrocardiograms were obtained only at baseline. Biochemical measurements and 48-hour Holter monitoring were obtained at baseline and at the end of each treatment. All treatments resulted in a significant but similar decrease in blood pressure. In the group as a whole @entity3988 decreased ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) by 65% (p < 0.05) and @entity1406 by 52% (p = 0.07). @entity4688 and @entity918 had no effect. In 12 @entity1 with > or = 5 VPCs/hour at baseline, @entity3988 and @entity1406 decreased VPCs by 66% (p < 0.05). It is concluded that in @entity101 @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity4346 , both @entity3988 and @entity1406 significantly reduce VPCs.

title: Effects of XXXX , @entity1406 , @entity4688 and @entity918 on frequency of ventricular premature complexes.

answer: @entity3988 :: (MESH:D004110,Chemical) :: ['diltiazem']


abstract: @entity943 occur frequently in @entity1 with @entity101 left ventricular (LV) @entity1184 and have been associated with increased incidence of @entity944 . In this study, the effect of various antihypertensive medications on @entity943 was evaluated in 31 @entity101 @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity4346 . @entity1 were assessed at baseline (after 3 weeks of placebo treatment) and after treatment with each of 4 monotherapies: @entity3988 120 or 240 mg/day, @entity1406 100 or 200 mg/day, @entity4688 10 or 20 mg/day and @entity918 50 or 100 mg/day. Each drug therapy was administered for 4 weeks. The sequence of each treatment was determined at random. Echocardiographic measurements and electrocardiograms were obtained only at baseline. Biochemical measurements and 48-hour Holter monitoring were obtained at baseline and at the end of each treatment. All treatments resulted in a significant but similar decrease in blood pressure. In the group as a whole @entity3988 decreased ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) by 65% (p < 0.05) and @entity1406 by 52% (p = 0.07). @entity4688 and @entity918 had no effect. In 12 @entity1 with > or = 5 VPCs/hour at baseline, @entity3988 and @entity1406 decreased VPCs by 66% (p < 0.05). It is concluded that in @entity101 @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity4346 , both @entity3988 and @entity1406 significantly reduce VPCs.

title: Effects of @entity3988 , @entity1406 , @entity4688 and XXXX on frequency of ventricular premature complexes.

answer: @entity918 :: (MESH:D006852,Chemical) :: ['hydrochlorothiazide']


abstract: This report describes our experience with 16 @entity1 and @entity1 with a mean age of 7 months and a median age of 6 weeks with @entity99 . Fifteen @entity1 presented with @entity382 . Seven had @entity712 and four had associated cutaneous lesions. Although diagnosis was clinically evident in 15 of the 16 @entity1 , arteriography and computerized tomography (CT) were diagnostic. A variety of treatment approaches were used including radiation, resection, systemic @entity230 , hepatic artery ligation, angiographic embolization, and various combinations of these modalities. The following information was gained from this experience. CT with enhancement is as specific a diagnostic tool as hepatic arteriography. Angiographic and CT appearances do not correlate with prognosis. Most @entity1 can be treated successfully with @entity230 ; those who do not respond should have other approaches tried such as embolization or ligation. The angiographic appearance determines whether embolization therapy is worthwhile, as we found that hemangioendotheliomatosis with portal as well as hepatic arterial supply will not respond to embolization. The survival rate in this series was 80%.

title: Experience with XXXX in infancy and childhood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic hemangioendothelioma']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic hemangioendothelioma']


abstract: Five cases of @entity2269 with divergent differentiation are reported. All @entity1 were of male sex. They were 10, 15, 20, 21, and 30 years of age at time of diagnosis, respectively. By light microscopy, the @entity5 consisted of small cells arranged in groups, nests, and clusters separated by a collagen-rich @entity2269 . Immunohistochemical studies revealed the coexpression of mesenchymal, epithelial, and neural markers. Notably, all @entity5 coexpressed @entity2277 , cytokeratin, and @entity2283 , the latter in a remarkable paranuclear dot-like fashion. In contrast to other authors, we did not find chromogranin. DNA image cytometry on four cases demonstrated two diploid and two aneuploid ( @entity981 ) cases. No correlation was found between ploidy and prognosis. One @entity1 died from disease, another died from @entity5501 after bone marrow transplantation, and the remaining @entity1 are alive, but have progressive @entity66 . Thus, our findings support the poor prognosis in this type of @entity5 .

title: Intraabdominal XXXX with divergent differentiation: clinicopathological findings and DNA ploidy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['hyperdiploid']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['intraabdominal disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2269 :: ('MESH:D058405', 'Disease') :: ['desmoplastic stroma', 'intraabdominal small-cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity5501 :: ('MESH:D006504', 'Disease') :: ['veno-occlusive disease']

answer: @entity2269 :: (MESH:D058405,Disease) :: ['desmoplastic small-cell tumor']


abstract: One hundred forty-one @entity135 @entity957 were analyzed for keratin (K) 6, 13 and 19. Staining was evaluated by light microscopy (with or without grading) and image analyzer and expressed as a percentage of positive versus all @entity5 surface (PSA). Both techniques rendered strongly correlated results. Strong expression was noted in 108 @entity189 (76.1%) for K6, in 18 (12.7%) for @entity4166 and in 21 (14.8%) for @entity7435 (P = .001). One hundred thirty-six (96%) @entity5 were positive for K6, and their PSA ranged from 0.6% to 48.8%; @entity4166 , 48 cases (0.2-44%); @entity7435 , 59 (0.2-38.1%). Expression of K6 was related to differentiation. @entity4166 was expressed mainly in moderately and poorly differentiated @entity5 , and @entity7435 was manifest more in well-differentiated @entity189 or in keratinized areas of less-differentiated ones. Nineteen (13.38%) @entity5 were positive for both @entity7435 and @entity4166 . @entity4166 thus was related to @entity5 progression and @entity7435 to differentiation. There was no correlation with @entity5 site or TNM category.

title: Keratins 6, 13 and 19. Differential expression in XXXX of the @entity135 .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: One hundred forty-one @entity135 @entity957 were analyzed for keratin (K) 6, 13 and 19. Staining was evaluated by light microscopy (with or without grading) and image analyzer and expressed as a percentage of positive versus all @entity5 surface (PSA). Both techniques rendered strongly correlated results. Strong expression was noted in 108 @entity189 (76.1%) for K6, in 18 (12.7%) for @entity4166 and in 21 (14.8%) for @entity7435 (P = .001). One hundred thirty-six (96%) @entity5 were positive for K6, and their PSA ranged from 0.6% to 48.8%; @entity4166 , 48 cases (0.2-44%); @entity7435 , 59 (0.2-38.1%). Expression of K6 was related to differentiation. @entity4166 was expressed mainly in moderately and poorly differentiated @entity5 , and @entity7435 was manifest more in well-differentiated @entity189 or in keratinized areas of less-differentiated ones. Nineteen (13.38%) @entity5 were positive for both @entity7435 and @entity4166 . @entity4166 thus was related to @entity5 progression and @entity7435 to differentiation. There was no correlation with @entity5 site or TNM category.

title: Keratins 6, 13 and 19. Differential expression in @entity957 of the XXXX .

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck']


abstract: Forty-two @entity1 with advanced @entity957 were treated with a combination regimen of @entity1732 180 mg and external irradiation 30-45 Gy. Twenty @entity1 had primary lesions, and 22 @entity1 had recurrent disease. Fifteen (75%) of the @entity1 with @entity66 showed objective response (five complete and ten partial response). Four underwent surgery. Of these, one is alive after 60 months with no evidence of disease. Two have died of unrelated causes without signs of recurrence. Seventeen relapsed and died of @entity189 . Median survival for @entity1 treated for @entity66 was 8.0 months. Thirteen (59%) of 22 @entity1 treated for recurrence showed objective response (two complete and eleven partial responses). None underwent surgery. All these @entity1 died of @entity189 . Median survival was 6.4 months. @entity137 was acceptable, and there were no treatment-related @entity204 . Even taking into account that our @entity1 had very advanced disease, the results are disappointing. An increase of the radiation dose beyond the maximum of 45 Gy given, and more aggressive surgery, might have improved the results.

title: Combined @entity1732 and irradiation in preoperative treatment of advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the vulva']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva']


abstract: Forty-two @entity1 with advanced @entity957 were treated with a combination regimen of @entity1732 180 mg and external irradiation 30-45 Gy. Twenty @entity1 had primary lesions, and 22 @entity1 had recurrent disease. Fifteen (75%) of the @entity1 with @entity66 showed objective response (five complete and ten partial response). Four underwent surgery. Of these, one is alive after 60 months with no evidence of disease. Two have died of unrelated causes without signs of recurrence. Seventeen relapsed and died of @entity189 . Median survival for @entity1 treated for @entity66 was 8.0 months. Thirteen (59%) of 22 @entity1 treated for recurrence showed objective response (two complete and eleven partial responses). None underwent surgery. All these @entity1 died of @entity189 . Median survival was 6.4 months. @entity137 was acceptable, and there were no treatment-related @entity204 . Even taking into account that our @entity1 had very advanced disease, the results are disappointing. An increase of the radiation dose beyond the maximum of 45 Gy given, and more aggressive surgery, might have improved the results.

title: Combined XXXX and irradiation in preoperative treatment of advanced @entity957 .

answer: @entity1732 :: (MESH:D001761,Chemical) :: ['bleomycin']


abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intravenous infusion of a @entity1460 -based lipid emulsion on some blood energy-related metabolites and insulin sensitivity indexes in @entity742 . Four clinically healthy ewes were assigned into a 2-treatment, 2-period cross-over design. Either normal saline (NS) or lipid emulsion (LE) was intravenously introduced at a rate of 0.025  mL  kg(-1)  min(-1) for 6  h. The concentrations of blood nonesterified @entity844 (NEFA), @entity4322 , @entity412 , @entity165 , @entity1133 , @entity1011 , @entity701 , @entity413 , and insulin were measured at different time points. After 6  h, intravenous @entity413 tolerance test was performed. Lipid infusion elicited an increase (P < 0.05) in the NEFA, @entity4322 , and @entity412 concentrations compared with the baseline value and NS infusion. Infusion of NS did not influence blood @entity413 concentration; however, LE infusion increased plasma @entity413 concentration (P < 0.05). At time point 12  h, serum insulin concentrations were increased (P < 0.05) in NS treatment; however, such an increase was not observed in the LE treatment. Insulin sensitivity index for the LE infusion was lower (P < 0.05) than that for the NS treatment. The @entity413 effectiveness was not (P > 0.05) different among treatments. In the LE treatment, acute-phase insulin responses increased (P < 0.05) and disposition index decreased (P < 0.001) compared with NS treatment. The results showed that experimentally induced NEFA in blood could cause insulin resistance in @entity742 . The current model could be used to evaluate the pathogenesis of conditions associated with @entity6679 and insulin resistance.

title: Experimental hyperlipidemia induces insulin resistance in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity4322 :: ('MESH:D020155', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity6679 :: ('MESH:D014086', 'Disease') :: ['increased lipid mobilization']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity157 ( @entity157 ) is one of the most common @entity5 worldwide. The @entity876 gene is frequently mutated in some histological subtypes of @entity157 . The role of @entity876 mutations and polymorphic variant of codon 72 in the prognosis of disease is still unclear. The @entity876 @entity5 suppressor gene @entity7820 polymorphism has been associated with @entity157 . However, results were inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to estimate the association between @entity876 @entity7820 polymorphism and @entity157 or @entity157 infected by @entity97 / @entity3531 . METHODS: Electronic search of PubMed was conducted to select studies. Studies containing available genotype frequencies of @entity7820 were chosen, and pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95  % confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the association. RESULTS: Ten published studies, including 1,371 @entity157 cases and 2,517 controls were identified. The overall results suggested that the variant genotypes were associated with the @entity157 risk (Pro/Pro vs. Pro/ @entity534  +  @entity534 / @entity534 : OR 1.355, 95  % CI 1.041-1.764, p  =  0.024). In the stratified analysis, individuals with the Pro/Pro in the recessive model had increased risk of @entity157 (OR 1.927, 95  % CI 1.127-3.297, p  =  0.017) in Caucasian. A symmetric funnel plot, the Begg's test, was suggestive of the lack of publication bias. There was no association between the @entity876 codon 72 polymorphism and @entity97 / @entity3531 -positive @entity157 . CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that @entity876 condon 72 Pro/Progenotypes are associated with increased risk of @entity157 in Caucasian. To validate this association, further studies with larger @entity1 worldwide are needed to examine the associations between this polymorphism and @entity157 .

title: XXXX codon 72 polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'Hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity7820 :: ('p|SUB|R|72|P', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Arg72Pro']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: AIMS: In adults requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), we wanted to determine; i) the frequency of elevated plasma free haemoglobin (PFHb), ii) the reasons for circuit changes and iii) whether elevated PFHb was associated with higher in-hospital mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 requiring ECMO between January 2010 and August 2014 were identified from a prospectively collected ECMO database. Their scanned medical records and pathology results were reviewed. Relevant @entity1 , biochemical and circuit data were collected on an Excel spreadsheet and analysed using Stata 13 (StataCorp, College Station, TX). The @entity1 were analysed in three groups, depending on their peak PFHb during ECMO: 'Normal PFHb' (<0.1 g/L), 'Low level PFHb' (0.1 - 0.5 g/L), 'High level PFHb' (>0.5 g/L). MAIN RESULTS: There were 184 ECMO runs (56 VV, 128 VA) - 61 'Normal PFHb', 99 'Low level PFHb', 24 'High level PFHb'. Circuit @entity715 (pump, oxygenator) or haemolysis requiring exchanges were significantly more common in VV ECMO compared to VA ECMO - 23.21% (13/56) vs. 0.78% (1/128), p<0.001. Elevated PFHb was associated with a longer duration of haemofiltration (p<0.001) and ECMO support (p<0.001). In-hospital mortality rates for the 'Normal PFHb', 'Low level PFHb' and 'High level PFHb' groups were 16.39% (10/61), 30.30% (30/99) and 37.50% (9/24), respectively, p=0.067. CONCLUSION: Elevated PFHb values during adult ECMO were common. Severe haemolysis or @entity715 requiring circuit changes were uncommon and occurred almost exclusively on VV ECMO. There was a non-statistically significant increase in in-hospital mortality with elevated PFHb and studies of larger registry data may clarify the prognostic value of PFHb in adult @entity1 .

title: The meaning of a high plasma free haemoglobin: retrospective review of the prevalence of haemolysis and circuit XXXX in an adult ECMO centre over 5 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2790 (IOP) is a risk factor for @entity726 . The principal outflow pathway for @entity7462 in the @entity1 eye is through the trabecular meshwork (HTM) and Schlemm's canal (SC). The junction between the HTM and SC is thought to have a significant role in the regulation of IOP. A possible mechanism for the increased resistance to flow in @entity735 is an increase in stiffness (increased elastic modulus) of the HTM. In this study, the stiffness of the HTM in normal and glaucomatous tissue was compared, and a mathematical model was developed to predict the impact of changes in stiffness of the juxtacanalicular layer of HTM on flow dynamics through this region. METHODS: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the elastic modulus of normal and glaucomatous HTM. According to these results, a model was developed that simulated the juxtacanalicular layer of the HTM as a flexible membrane with embedded pores. RESULTS: The mean elastic modulus increased substantially in the glaucomatous HTM (mean = 80.8 kPa) compared with that in the normal HTM (mean = 4.0 kPa). Regional variation was identified across the glaucomatous HTM, possibly corresponding to the disease state. Mathematical modeling suggested an increased flow resistance with increasing HTM modulus. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that the stiffness of glaucomatous HTM is significantly increased compared with that of normal HTM. Modeling exercises support substantial impairment in outflow facility with increased HTM stiffness. Alterations in the biophysical attributes of the HTM may participate directly in the onset and progression of @entity726 .

title: Elastic modulus determination of normal and glaucomatous XXXX trabecular meshwork.

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['aqueous humor']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous eyes']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['Elevated intraocular pressure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence, ocular findings, and systemic associations of @entity4643 in a population-based cohort of @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of pediatric (aged <19 years) @entity1 diagnosed as having @entity4643 from January 1, 1968, through December 31, 2007, as residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 were newly diagnosed as having @entity4643 (annual incidence, 2.4 per 100,000 residents <19 years old; prevalence, 1 in 2077 live births). Median @entity1 age at diagnosis was 3.9 months (range, 2 days to 18.4 years), and 22 @entity1 (67%) had unilateral involvement. Twelve @entity1 (36%) had involvement of the anterior segment only, 13 (39%) of the posterior segment only, and 8 (24%) of both. During median ophthalmologic follow-up of 9.2 years (range, 13 days to 35.9 years), 19 @entity1 (58%) had other @entity2788 , including amblyopia in 11 (33%) and strabismus in 10 (30%). During median medical follow-up of 16.8 years, 22 @entity1 (67%) were diagnosed as having a @entity74 , including abnormal development in 12 (36%) and @entity11339 ( @entity4643 , @entity299 , @entity16453 , @entity851 and development, @entity790 , and @entity2169 ) syndrome in 4 (12%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4643 occurred in 1 in 2077 live births. More than half of the @entity1 were diagnosed as having an @entity2788 other than @entity4643 , including strabismus and amblyopia in approximately one-third. Two-thirds of @entity1 were diagnosed as having a @entity74 , including @entity11339 in 1 in 8 @entity1 .

title: Incidence, ocular findings, and systemic associations of XXXX : a population-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['retarded growth']

entities_list: @entity11339 :: ('MESH:D058747', 'Disease') :: ['CHARGE', 'CHARGE syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2788 :: ('MESH:D015785', 'Disease') :: ['ocular disorders', 'ocular disorder']

entities_list: @entity4643 :: ('MESH:D003103', 'Disease') :: ['Ocular coloboma', 'ocular coloboma', 'coloboma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['nonocular disorder']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart defects']

entities_list: @entity16453 :: ('MESH:D002754', 'Disease') :: ['choanal atresia']

entities_list: @entity2169 :: ('MESH:D004427', 'Disease') :: ['ear anomalies']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['genital abnormalities']

answer: @entity4643 :: (MESH:D003103,Disease) :: ['ocular coloboma']


abstract: @entity4854 recognized during hospitalization for @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) is common. It is a powerful predictor of worse prognosis in @entity1 both with and without previously known @entity6 . @entity4854 during @entity1187 is caused by an inflammatory and adrenergic response to ischemic stress, when @entity2661 are released and glycogenolysis induced. The link between @entity4854 and prognosis in @entity1187 @entity1 is multi-factorial. @entity4854 exerts detrimental effects on left ventricular and platelet function and it also activates other systemic pathological processes that contribute to cellular and tissue injury such as increasing oxidative stress and worsening endothelial function. @entity413 management strategies in @entity1187 may improve outcome in @entity1 with @entity4854 , by reducing inflammatory and clotting mediators, by improving endothelial function and fibrinolysis and by reducing @entity1188 size. Most of available oral anti- @entity6 drugs are contraindicated for the increased risk of @entity4053 . Thus, @entity2690 is the preferred agent for glycemic control in @entity1187 and conversion from intravenous to subcutaneous therapy commonly occurs when the critical acute phase of @entity1187 resolves. Pharmacodynamics of @entity2690 allows it to be adaptable to the changing physiology of the @entity1187 @entity1 , is easily titrated and has no dosage threshold. Nevertheless, findings concerning the effect on @entity1187 -related mortality of the control of @entity413 levels by intravenous infusion of @entity2690 have been conflicting and intervention trials are needed to optimize the definition of @entity4854 and to establish appropriate modalities and goals of @entity413 lowering treatment. In particular, the clinical benefit of an aggressive treatment with @entity2690 is yet unproved.

title: Detrimental Effects of XXXX in Acute Coronary Syndromes: from Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia', 'Hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity4854 :: (MESH:D006943,Disease) :: ['Hyperglycemia']


abstract: Sequence-specific 1H and 15N resonance assignments have been determined for the major @entity1457 protein (CspA) from @entity526 with recently developed three-dimensional triple-resonance NMR experiments. By use of these assignments, five antiparallel beta-strands were identified from analysis of NMR data. Strands 1-4 have a classical 3-2-1-4 Greek key beta-sheet topology and there are two beta-bulges, at positions Lys10-Trp11 and @entity4022 65- @entity2734 66. Three-dimensional structures of CspA were generated from NMR data by using simulated annealing with molecular dynamics. The overall chain fold of CspA is a beta-barrel structure, with a tightly packed hydrophobic core. Two-dimensional isotope-edited pulsed-field gradient 15N-1H heteronuclear single-quantum coherence spectroscopy was used to characterize the 15N-1H fingerprint spectrum with and without a 24-base oligodeoxyribonucleotide, 5'-AACGGTTTGACGTACAGACCATTA-3'. Protein-DNA complex formation perturbs a subset of the @entity6346 resonances that are located mostly on one face of the CspA molecule. This portion of the CspA molecular surface includes two putative RNA-binding sequence motifs which contribute to an unusual cluster of eight surface aromatic side chains: Trp11, @entity815 12, @entity815 18, @entity815 20, @entity815 31, His33, @entity815 34, and Tyr42. These surface aromatic groups, and also residues Lys16, Ser44, and Lys60 located on this same face of CspA, are highly conserved in the family of CspA homologues. These isotope-edited pulsed-field gradient NMR data provide a low-resolution mapping of a DNA-binding epitope on CspA.

title: Solution NMR structure of the major @entity1457 protein (CspA) from XXXX : identification of a binding epitope for DNA.

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['cold shock']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: Sequence-specific 1H and 15N resonance assignments have been determined for the major @entity1457 protein (CspA) from @entity526 with recently developed three-dimensional triple-resonance NMR experiments. By use of these assignments, five antiparallel beta-strands were identified from analysis of NMR data. Strands 1-4 have a classical 3-2-1-4 Greek key beta-sheet topology and there are two beta-bulges, at positions Lys10-Trp11 and @entity4022 65- @entity2734 66. Three-dimensional structures of CspA were generated from NMR data by using simulated annealing with molecular dynamics. The overall chain fold of CspA is a beta-barrel structure, with a tightly packed hydrophobic core. Two-dimensional isotope-edited pulsed-field gradient 15N-1H heteronuclear single-quantum coherence spectroscopy was used to characterize the 15N-1H fingerprint spectrum with and without a 24-base oligodeoxyribonucleotide, 5'-AACGGTTTGACGTACAGACCATTA-3'. Protein-DNA complex formation perturbs a subset of the @entity6346 resonances that are located mostly on one face of the CspA molecule. This portion of the CspA molecular surface includes two putative RNA-binding sequence motifs which contribute to an unusual cluster of eight surface aromatic side chains: Trp11, @entity815 12, @entity815 18, @entity815 20, @entity815 31, His33, @entity815 34, and Tyr42. These surface aromatic groups, and also residues Lys16, Ser44, and Lys60 located on this same face of CspA, are highly conserved in the family of CspA homologues. These isotope-edited pulsed-field gradient NMR data provide a low-resolution mapping of a DNA-binding epitope on CspA.

title: Solution NMR structure of the major XXXX protein (CspA) from @entity526 : identification of a binding epitope for DNA.

answer: @entity1457 :: (MESH:D012769,Disease) :: ['cold shock']


abstract: Polyspecific IgG given intravenously at high dose (IVIG) are increasingly used as an immunomodulating therapy in @entity792 . However, very few studies have dealt with the action of IVIG on the expression of the leukocyte markers. During a clinical trial in which 13 young and healthy @entity1 received IVIG to prevent unexplained recurrent abortions we have evaluated by flow cytometry the action of IVIG on 17 @entity2686 ( @entity1050 ). We found that the IVIG perfusions (0.5 g/kg) induced an increase in the number of polymorphonuclear and monocyte cells in the peripheral blood. This effect lasted 8 days. The IVIG treatment had no effect upon T cell populations stained with antibodies specific for @entity3138 , CD3, @entity404 , @entity405 and on @entity404 +CD45RA+, @entity404 + @entity2393 +, @entity405 + @entity1361 +, @entity405 + @entity1361 - subpopulations. A weak decrease in the B cell number was observed. The most striking phenomenon was the decrease in the number of @entity2940 + cells, whereas @entity4071 + and @entity4755 + cells were unaltered. By the double-staining technique we showed that @entity2940 + @entity4071 + cells became @entity2940 - @entity4071 + cells. Moreover, IVIG decrease the expression level of the @entity1454 molecule on monocytes and lymphocytes. The other adhesion molecules studied remained steady ( @entity9536 , @entity5690 , @entity16445 , @entity2393 , @entity1361 , and @entity1196 ). This study has shown that IVIG have no effect on 15 of 17 @entity1050 used but downmodulate two adhesion molecules playing a key role in the immune system.

title: Effects of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) on peripheral blood B, NK, and T cell subpopulations in @entity1 with recurrent spontaneous abortions: specific effects on XXXX and @entity2940 molecules.

entities_list: @entity2686 :: ('MESH:D003027', 'Disease') :: ['clusters of leukocyte differentiation']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity1454 :: (3689,Gene) :: ['LFA-1']


abstract: Polyspecific IgG given intravenously at high dose (IVIG) are increasingly used as an immunomodulating therapy in @entity792 . However, very few studies have dealt with the action of IVIG on the expression of the leukocyte markers. During a clinical trial in which 13 young and healthy @entity1 received IVIG to prevent unexplained recurrent abortions we have evaluated by flow cytometry the action of IVIG on 17 @entity2686 ( @entity1050 ). We found that the IVIG perfusions (0.5 g/kg) induced an increase in the number of polymorphonuclear and monocyte cells in the peripheral blood. This effect lasted 8 days. The IVIG treatment had no effect upon T cell populations stained with antibodies specific for @entity3138 , CD3, @entity404 , @entity405 and on @entity404 +CD45RA+, @entity404 + @entity2393 +, @entity405 + @entity1361 +, @entity405 + @entity1361 - subpopulations. A weak decrease in the B cell number was observed. The most striking phenomenon was the decrease in the number of @entity2940 + cells, whereas @entity4071 + and @entity4755 + cells were unaltered. By the double-staining technique we showed that @entity2940 + @entity4071 + cells became @entity2940 - @entity4071 + cells. Moreover, IVIG decrease the expression level of the @entity1454 molecule on monocytes and lymphocytes. The other adhesion molecules studied remained steady ( @entity9536 , @entity5690 , @entity16445 , @entity2393 , @entity1361 , and @entity1196 ). This study has shown that IVIG have no effect on 15 of 17 @entity1050 used but downmodulate two adhesion molecules playing a key role in the immune system.

title: Effects of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) on peripheral blood B, NK, and T cell subpopulations in @entity1 with recurrent spontaneous abortions: specific effects on @entity1454 and XXXX molecules.

answer: @entity2940 :: (4684,Gene) :: ['CD56']


abstract: Polyspecific IgG given intravenously at high dose (IVIG) are increasingly used as an immunomodulating therapy in @entity792 . However, very few studies have dealt with the action of IVIG on the expression of the leukocyte markers. During a clinical trial in which 13 young and healthy @entity1 received IVIG to prevent unexplained recurrent abortions we have evaluated by flow cytometry the action of IVIG on 17 @entity2686 ( @entity1050 ). We found that the IVIG perfusions (0.5 g/kg) induced an increase in the number of polymorphonuclear and monocyte cells in the peripheral blood. This effect lasted 8 days. The IVIG treatment had no effect upon T cell populations stained with antibodies specific for @entity3138 , CD3, @entity404 , @entity405 and on @entity404 +CD45RA+, @entity404 + @entity2393 +, @entity405 + @entity1361 +, @entity405 + @entity1361 - subpopulations. A weak decrease in the B cell number was observed. The most striking phenomenon was the decrease in the number of @entity2940 + cells, whereas @entity4071 + and @entity4755 + cells were unaltered. By the double-staining technique we showed that @entity2940 + @entity4071 + cells became @entity2940 - @entity4071 + cells. Moreover, IVIG decrease the expression level of the @entity1454 molecule on monocytes and lymphocytes. The other adhesion molecules studied remained steady ( @entity9536 , @entity5690 , @entity16445 , @entity2393 , @entity1361 , and @entity1196 ). This study has shown that IVIG have no effect on 15 of 17 @entity1050 used but downmodulate two adhesion molecules playing a key role in the immune system.

title: Effects of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) on peripheral blood B, NK, and T cell subpopulations in XXXX with recurrent spontaneous abortions: specific effects on @entity1454 and @entity2940 molecules.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The present study was carried out on the material of 486 @entity43 @entity1 who received radiotherapy and chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment at the Oncological Gynaecology Clinic at the Maria Sk  odowska-Curie @entity5 Center-Institute of Oncology in Warsaw in the period 1979-1985, following primary surgery. The clinical stage of disease advancement was determined on the basis of surgery protocols and histological examinations. Radiotherapy was the treatment of choice in @entity1 in stages I and II. Irradiation was applied to the pelvis minor and para aortal nodes (in @entity1 at stage Ia) or to fields covering the entire abdominal cavity (other @entity1 at stage I and II). Chemotherapy was given to stage III and IV @entity1 multi-drug therapy, usually including @entity900 , @entity632 , and @entity786 , or with one drug (monochemotherapy) with the alhylating agents. The largest group of @entity1 under study were @entity1 with @entity43 in stage I (38.8%), the smallest group consisted of @entity1 in stage IV (8.5%). @entity1 in stage III represented 37.5% of all the material. @entity1 aged 50-64 years were most frequently treated (47.3%), the least frequent group were the @entity1 aged over 65 (13.2%). The predominating histological diagnosis was serous cancer type (48.7%), clear-cell cancer was detected least frequently (13.2%). Among all the @entity1 treated 35.4% survived 5 years after treatment, 69% in stage I, 43.8% in stage II, 8.8% in stage III, and 2.5% in stage IV.

title: Clinical analysis and evaluation of the results of adjuvant treatment (radiotherapy and chemotherapy) in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclophosphamide']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Retrospective evaluation of 12-year experience with endovascular management of @entity5327 ( @entity5327 ) due to @entity432 of the @entity6029 ( @entity6029 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2003 to 2014, we analysed the in-hospital mortality of 37 @entity1 with acute @entity887 who underwent primary endovascular therapy with subsequent on-demand laparotomy. @entity887 was used in all 37 @entity1 (19 @entity1 , 18 @entity1 , median age 76  years) with @entity432 of the @entity6029 . Adjunctive local thrombolysis (n  =  2) and stenting (n  =  2) were also utilised. RESULTS: We achieved complete recanalization of the @entity6029 stem in 91.9  %. One @entity1 was successfully treated by surgical embolectomy due to a failed endovascular approach. Subsequent exploratory laparotomy was performed in 73.0  % (n  =  27), and @entity39 bowel resection in 40.5  %. The total in-hospital mortality was 27.0  %. CONCLUSION: Primary endovascular therapy for acute @entity432 with on-demand laparotomy is a recommended algorithm used in our centre to treat @entity432 . This combined approach for the treatment of @entity5327 is associated with in-hospital mortality rate of 27.0  %.

title: Endovascular Management of Acute XXXX of the Superior Mesenteric Artery: A 12-Year Single-Centre Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['superior mesenteric artery', 'SMA']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric embolism', 'Transcatheter embolus aspiration']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['embolic occlusion', 'SMA occlusion', 'embolic SMA occlusion']

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['acute mesenteric ischemia', 'AMI']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['Embolic Occlusion']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to assess the safety and midterm effectiveness of endovascular treatment in Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II (TASC-II) D femoropopliteal occlusions in @entity1 with @entity63 ( @entity63 ). METHODS: @entity1 with @entity63 who underwent endovascular treatment for TASC-D de novo femoropopliteal occlusive disease between September 2008 and December 2013 were selected. Data included anatomic features, pre- and postprocedure ankle-brachial index, duplex ultrasound, and periprocedural complications. Sustained clinical improvement, limb salvage rate, freedom from @entity75 revascularization (TLR), and freedom from target extremity revascularization (TER) were assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimation and predictors of @entity256 / @entity432 with Cox analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity1 underwent treatment of 35 TASC-D occlusions. Mean age was 76    9. Mean lesion length was 23    5 cm. Twenty-eight limbs (80 %) presented tissue loss. Seventeen limbs underwent treatment by stent, 13 by stent-graft, and 5 by angioplasty. Mean follow-up was 29    20 months. Seven @entity1 required major amputation and six @entity1 died during follow-up. Eighteen endovascular and three surgical TLR procedures were performed due to @entity256 or @entity432 . Estimated freedom from TLR and TER rates at 2 years were 41 and 76%, whereas estimated primary and secondary patency rates were 41 and 79%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular treatment for TASC II D lesions is safe and offers satisfying outcomes. This @entity1 subset would benefit from a minimally invasive approach. Follow-up is advisable due to a high rate of @entity256 . Further follow-up is necessary to know the long-term efficacy of these procedures.

title: Mid-Term Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment for TASC-II D @entity432 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['critical limb ischemia', 'CLI']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Critical Limb Ischemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to assess the safety and midterm effectiveness of endovascular treatment in Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II (TASC-II) D femoropopliteal occlusions in @entity1 with @entity63 ( @entity63 ). METHODS: @entity1 with @entity63 who underwent endovascular treatment for TASC-D de novo femoropopliteal occlusive disease between September 2008 and December 2013 were selected. Data included anatomic features, pre- and postprocedure ankle-brachial index, duplex ultrasound, and periprocedural complications. Sustained clinical improvement, limb salvage rate, freedom from @entity75 revascularization (TLR), and freedom from target extremity revascularization (TER) were assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimation and predictors of @entity256 / @entity432 with Cox analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity1 underwent treatment of 35 TASC-D occlusions. Mean age was 76    9. Mean lesion length was 23    5 cm. Twenty-eight limbs (80 %) presented tissue loss. Seventeen limbs underwent treatment by stent, 13 by stent-graft, and 5 by angioplasty. Mean follow-up was 29    20 months. Seven @entity1 required major amputation and six @entity1 died during follow-up. Eighteen endovascular and three surgical TLR procedures were performed due to @entity256 or @entity432 . Estimated freedom from TLR and TER rates at 2 years were 41 and 76%, whereas estimated primary and secondary patency rates were 41 and 79%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular treatment for TASC II D lesions is safe and offers satisfying outcomes. This @entity1 subset would benefit from a minimally invasive approach. Follow-up is advisable due to a high rate of @entity256 . Further follow-up is necessary to know the long-term efficacy of these procedures.

title: Mid-Term Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment for TASC-II D XXXX with @entity63 .

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['Femoropopliteal Occlusive Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a lack of valid health care transition readiness (HCT) scales in Spanish. OBJECTIVE: To provide initial validation of the UNC TRxANSITION Scale    among Mexican adolescents and young adults (youth) with @entity740 ( @entity740 ). METHODS: We used the professionally translated/back translated, provider-administered UNC TRxANSITION Scale    (Ferris et al., 2012). This 33-question scale measures HCT in ten sub-scales including knowledge about diagnosis or treatment, diet, reproductive health, school/work, insurance, ability to self-manage and looking for new health providers. Its maximum score is 10. We enrolled 163 Mexican adolescents (48.5% females) with @entity740 stage>= 3, mean age of 15.1years (  2.1) and whose primary language is Spanish. There were 15 @entity1 on hemodialysis (9.2%) and 30 transplant recipients (18.4%). Results were compared to those reported in adolescents with chronic conditions from the USA. RESULTS: Our cohort's overall median total score was 5.9. @entity1 >= 16years old had a median total score of 6.4, whereas younger @entity1 had median score of 5.6 (p<0.05). Transplant @entity1 had greater scores in the total and the sub-scales of medication knowledge, issues of reproduction, insurance, trade/work and adherence (p<0.05). When comparing the total score (by age), results from our Mexican youth were similar to those reported in youth from the USA. CONCLUSIONS: In our Mexican cohort of youth with @entity740 , health care transition readiness is greater in older @entity1 and in transplant recipients. Our cohort's overall score is low, indicating the need for a health care transition preparation program. The UNC TRxANSITION Scale    results in Mexican youth with @entity740 are comparable to findings in youth from the USA.

title: Validation of the UNC TRxANSITION Scale   Version 3 Among Mexican Adolescents With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease', 'CKD']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['Chronic Kidney Disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: We already reported that levels of interferon (IFN)-y have been shown to be markedly reduced in @entity19 seven weeks after irradiation, resulting in a T helper (Th) 1/ @entity61 imbalance. To investigate whether the single or fractionated y-irradiation induced an immune imbalance, we analysed the @entity630 -related immune response profile until six months after the fractionated whole-body irradiation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity19 were exposed to y-rays at a fractionated 5   Gy cumulative dose for five weeks. At two, four and six months later from the first exposure, experiments were performed. Cell populations in the spleen, the production of IFN-y, @entity58 and IL-12p70, natural killer (NK) cell activity and the expression of IL-12 receptors, @entity17843 and @entity26102 were detected. RESULTS: The IFN-y was lower in the @entity19 exposed by all irradiation conditions than in normal control @entity19 , but the @entity58 had increased in all the irradiated @entity19 . To investigate @entity630 profile, NK cell activity, IL-12p70 level and its receptor expression was confirmed. In all fractionated irradiation groups, the NK cell activity as well as the absolute numbers of NK cells was much decreased. Also, all the irradiated @entity19 showed a lower IL-12p70 level. However, the expression of IL-12 receptor b2 was lower in the irradiated @entity19 except the 0.2   Gy 10 @entity19 group. The phosphoylated @entity17843 was lower in all the irradiated @entity19 . This suppression was associated with an overexpression of @entity26102 . CONCLUSIONS: The fractionated whole-body irradiations of a dose of 5   Gy appear to be the down-regulation of the @entity630 -like immune response. These changes, in turn, maintain an immunological imbalance that persists in the long term.

title: Chronic effects of single and fractionated y-irradiation on an impairment of XXXX -related immune response.

entities_list: @entity17843 :: ('20849(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['STAT4', 'signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 4']

entities_list: @entity26102 :: ('12702(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 3', 'SOCS3']

answer: @entity630 :: (57314(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Th1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Controversy still exists over the optimal management of early-stage @entity978 ( @entity978 ); presentation features may have a different prognostic impact according to initial therapy, and long-term @entity137 must be fully evaluated. @entity1 AND METHODS: This study included 164 @entity1 with stage IA-IIA @entity978 treated with radiotherapy (RT) alone or combined radio- and chemotherapy (CT) according to presenting features and their attendant prognostic significance. The RT group included 88 @entity1 with favorable prognostic features; the combined modality group included 76 @entity1 with one or more unfavorable features. In the RT group, 85% of @entity1 received extended-mantle or STNI; in the combined modality group, RT consisted of mantle- (49%), extended mantle- (37%), and involved-field irradiation (14%); CT consisted of 6 cycles of MOPP before 1984; 3 cycles of ABVD were substituted for MOPP thereafter. RESULTS: Complete remission was obtained in 94% and 99% of @entity1 of the RT and combined modality groups, respectively. The 10-year actuarial @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ) in the RT group was 62% and was influenced by stage (p = 0.04) and histology (p = 0.01); in the combined modality group, @entity4557 was 88% and was influenced by the presence of bulky disease. Overall survival and @entity5 mortality between the therapy groups were comparable. RT-related @entity137 consisted of mediastinal @entity82 (8 cases), @entity4685 (3), @entity1375 (2); other long-term events included 2 cases of @entity3052 in the combined MOPP and RT group. Altogether, 8 of 20 @entity1 who died were in their first complete remission. CONCLUSIONS: In stage IA-IIA @entity978 , the combined modality therapy reduced the risk of relapse compared to radiation alone; long-term @entity137 of RT was not negligible and relapses could occur late.

title: Early-stage XXXX : long-term results with radiotherapy alone or combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'relapse-free survival']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: Two hundred fifty-nine previously untreated @entity1 with low-grade @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ), Ann Arbor stages III and IV, entered a randomized multicenter trial comparing the therapeutic effect of @entity5805 / @entity229 (ChP) vs. @entity3726 . All @entity1 had symptomatic disease. The therapeutic aim was to achieve an asymptomatic state in the ChP group (n = 132), while in @entity3726 -treated @entity1 (n = 127) the intention was to reach a complete remission (CR). The response rate (CR+PR at 8 months) was 36% in the ChP and 60% in the @entity3726 group (p < 0.01). Three and 5-year survival rates were 59% and 41% in the ChP group and 64% and 44% in the @entity3726 group. The corresponding median survival times were 46 and 52 months. After correction for intercurrent deaths, the overall 5-year survival was 49% for ChP and 54% for @entity3726 -treated @entity1 . The differences were statistically not significant. The time from diagnosis to randomization (time with @entity10094 ) was longer than one year in half of the @entity1 . The median survival time from diagnosis was 68 months, with no differences between the treatment groups. In all histological subgroups ( @entity1072 , IC, CC, and CB-CC), a higher remission rate was seen with the @entity3726 regimen but with no statistically significant influence on survival. Comparing @entity1 below and above 65 years of age, no significant difference in survival was noted between the two treatment groups. The results do not support the use of intensive chemotherapy as first-line therapy in symptomatic low-grade @entity1893 .

title: Chlorambucil/ XXXX vs. @entity3726 in symptomatic low-grade @entity1893 : a randomized trial from the Lymphoma Group of Central Sweden.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity10094 :: ('MESH:D058070', 'Disease') :: ['asymptomatic disease']

entities_list: @entity5805 :: ('MESH:D002699', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorambucil']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', "non-Hodgkin's lymphomas", 'NHLs']

answer: @entity229 :: (MESH:D011241,Chemical) :: ['prednisone']


abstract: Two hundred fifty-nine previously untreated @entity1 with low-grade @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ), Ann Arbor stages III and IV, entered a randomized multicenter trial comparing the therapeutic effect of @entity5805 / @entity229 (ChP) vs. @entity3726 . All @entity1 had symptomatic disease. The therapeutic aim was to achieve an asymptomatic state in the ChP group (n = 132), while in @entity3726 -treated @entity1 (n = 127) the intention was to reach a complete remission (CR). The response rate (CR+PR at 8 months) was 36% in the ChP and 60% in the @entity3726 group (p < 0.01). Three and 5-year survival rates were 59% and 41% in the ChP group and 64% and 44% in the @entity3726 group. The corresponding median survival times were 46 and 52 months. After correction for intercurrent deaths, the overall 5-year survival was 49% for ChP and 54% for @entity3726 -treated @entity1 . The differences were statistically not significant. The time from diagnosis to randomization (time with @entity10094 ) was longer than one year in half of the @entity1 . The median survival time from diagnosis was 68 months, with no differences between the treatment groups. In all histological subgroups ( @entity1072 , IC, CC, and CB-CC), a higher remission rate was seen with the @entity3726 regimen but with no statistically significant influence on survival. Comparing @entity1 below and above 65 years of age, no significant difference in survival was noted between the two treatment groups. The results do not support the use of intensive chemotherapy as first-line therapy in symptomatic low-grade @entity1893 .

title: Chlorambucil/ @entity229 vs. XXXX in symptomatic low-grade @entity1893 : a randomized trial from the Lymphoma Group of Central Sweden.

answer: @entity3726 :: (1649,Gene) :: ['CHOP']


abstract: Two hundred fifty-nine previously untreated @entity1 with low-grade @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ), Ann Arbor stages III and IV, entered a randomized multicenter trial comparing the therapeutic effect of @entity5805 / @entity229 (ChP) vs. @entity3726 . All @entity1 had symptomatic disease. The therapeutic aim was to achieve an asymptomatic state in the ChP group (n = 132), while in @entity3726 -treated @entity1 (n = 127) the intention was to reach a complete remission (CR). The response rate (CR+PR at 8 months) was 36% in the ChP and 60% in the @entity3726 group (p < 0.01). Three and 5-year survival rates were 59% and 41% in the ChP group and 64% and 44% in the @entity3726 group. The corresponding median survival times were 46 and 52 months. After correction for intercurrent deaths, the overall 5-year survival was 49% for ChP and 54% for @entity3726 -treated @entity1 . The differences were statistically not significant. The time from diagnosis to randomization (time with @entity10094 ) was longer than one year in half of the @entity1 . The median survival time from diagnosis was 68 months, with no differences between the treatment groups. In all histological subgroups ( @entity1072 , IC, CC, and CB-CC), a higher remission rate was seen with the @entity3726 regimen but with no statistically significant influence on survival. Comparing @entity1 below and above 65 years of age, no significant difference in survival was noted between the two treatment groups. The results do not support the use of intensive chemotherapy as first-line therapy in symptomatic low-grade @entity1893 .

title: Chlorambucil/ @entity229 vs. @entity3726 in symptomatic low-grade XXXX : a randomized trial from the Lymphoma Group of Central Sweden.

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphomas']


abstract: The AgNOR number ( @entity10575 ) and the AgNOR quotient (NQ) of 228 melanocytic, epidermal and fibrohistiocytic lesions were investigated by image analysis. In @entity8205 , @entity6349 and Spitz nevi, significantly less AgNORs were seen than in malignant @entity320 and @entity320 in situ. Significant differences in AgNOR expression were detected between the subtypes of @entity320 , too. @entity189 showed a significantly higher AgNOR expression than keratoacanthomas and other @entity5 . Between the G1 @entity189 and the G2 and G3 groups, an increase of the @entity10575 and NQ was found. @entity2517 demonstrated a significantly lower AgNOR expression than @entity189 . Bowen--higher @entity10575 and NQ than the benign lesions. The lowest AgNOR results of fibrohistiocytic lesions were registered in regressive @entity81 and in scars, the highest in malignant @entity82 . Between dermato- @entity1492 protuberans, @entity1389 and malignant @entity82 , significant differences were found to exist. Furthermore we examined the suitability of the AgNOR technique for quantification of epidermal cell kinetics in non-neoplastic epidermal hyperproliferations. Especially in the grading of psoriasis this technique is helpful. First convincing results could be achieved for the use of the AgNOR method in the verification of antiproliferative effects of new substances in an experimental @entity19 tail test. This study demonstrated that the AgNOR technique in addition to the dermatohistological differential diagnosis of @entity5 is useful for the quantification of antiproliferative effects of different treatments in hyperproliferative @entity272 .

title: [Use of the AgNOR method for the differential diagnosis of XXXX and for the quantification of non-neoplastic epidermal hyperproliferation in dermatohistology].

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous histiocytomas']

entities_list: @entity2517 :: ('MESH:D055623', 'Disease') :: ['Actinic keratosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1389 :: ('MESH:C566823', 'Disease') :: ['atypical fibroxanthoma']

entities_list: @entity8205 :: ('MESH:D009508', 'Disease') :: ['melanocytic nevi']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic nevi']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'Epidermal carcinomas', 'carcinomas and--like M']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['epidermal dermatosis']

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['palmar fibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: Little is known about @entity0 survivors' social networks or their perceived social support to achieve and maintain a healthy diet. This paper describes the social networks and perceived support for healthy eating in a sample of @entity0 survivors of predominantly Dominican descent living in New York City. METHODS: Spanish-speaking @entity0 survivors enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of a culturally tailored dietary intervention. Social networks were assessed using Cohen's Social Network Index and a modified General Social Survey Social Networks Module that included assessments of shared health promoting behaviors. Perceived social support from family and friends for healthy, food-related behaviors was assessed. RESULTS: @entity1 ' networks consisted predominantly of family and friends. Family members were more likely than other individuals to be identified as close network members. @entity1 were more likely to share food-related activities than exercise activities with close network members. Perceived social support for healthy eating was high, although perceived support from spouses and @entity1 was higher than support from friends. Despite high levels of perceived support, family was also identified as a barrier to eating healthy foods by nearly half of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Although friends are part of @entity0 survivors' social networks, spouses and @entity1 may provide greater support for healthy eating than friends. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Involving family members in dietary interventions for @entity0 survivors may tap into positive sources of support for @entity1 , which could facilitate uptake and maintenance of healthy eating behaviors.

title: Social networks and social support for healthy eating among XXXX survivors: implications for social and behavioral interventions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Latina breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Latina breast cancer']


abstract: @entity1 ectocervical epithelial cells are a primary target for @entity281 , which are strongly implicated as causative agents in the genesis of @entity5 . Growth factors have been implicated as agents that stimulate proliferation and enhance the possibility of malignant transformation. In the present study we utilize several @entity1082 ) @entity1799 -immortalized ectocervical epithelial cell lines to investigate the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor I ( @entity442 ) on cell proliferation and the production of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). ECE16-1 cells, an @entity1799 -immortalized/nontumorigenic cell line, maintained in defined medium, produce and release high levels of @entity2301 (38/42 kDa) as well as smaller amounts of a 24-kDa IGFBP. Supplementation of defined medium with EGF causes a dose-dependent increase in cell growth and a concomitant decrease in the levels of @entity2301 released into the culture medium. EGF suppression of @entity2301 is maintained even when EGF-stimulated cell growth is suppressed 67% due to the simultaneous presence of 3 ng/ml of @entity2533 , indicating that EGF suppression of @entity2301 levels is independent of EGF effects on cell growth. EGF suppression of @entity2301 production is correlated with a reduction in @entity2301 mRNA level. In the presence of EGF, the growth response of the cells to ng amounts of @entity442 is significantly enhanced. Moreover, the simultaneous presence of both EGF and @entity442 reduces the level of @entity2301 more efficiently than EGF alone. We also observe that the @entity2301 level is decreased and the 24-kDa IGFBP level is increased in @entity1799 -positive tumorigenic versus nontumorigenic cell lines. This is the first report of EGF acting as a positive regulator of @entity442 action via the IGFBPs. On the basis of these findings, we propose that EGF stimulates ECE16-1 cell growth via a dual-action mechanism by (a) stimulating growth directly via the EGF mitogenic pathway and (b) stimulating growth indirectly by reducing the levels of inhibitory IGFBPs and thereby potentiating the effects of @entity442 . In addition, the observation that more highly transformed cell types produce lower levels of @entity2301 and higher levels of 24-kDa IGFBP suggests that @entity5 cells in more @entity5 may have an altered response to @entity442 .

title: Epidermal growth factor suppresses insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 levels in XXXX -immortalized cervical epithelial cells and thereby potentiates the effects of insulin-like growth factor 1.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'advanced cervical cancers', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection by oncogenic papillomaviruses']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1799 :: (333760,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus type 16']


abstract: The immunogenicity of recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 , EuroCetus, Amsterdam, Netherlands) was studied in seventy-six @entity1 receiving different subcutaneous immunotherapy regimens. @entity1 presented with progressive @entity1358 , @entity320 , @entity14 , @entity1892 , and @entity978 . An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was employed to screen @entity1 for development of non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity5041 , antibody specificity was confirmed by a standard Western blot. Neutralizing serum activity against @entity5041 was detected using a standard CTLL @entity19 proliferation assay. Additionally, serum levels of soluble @entity1199 receptors and lymphocyte subsets expressing the CD56 natural killer (NK) associated antigen were measured. In a proportion of approximately 35% to 90% of the @entity1 treated, non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity5041 could be detected after all treatment courses were evaluated. Antibodies were of the IgG, IgM, IgA and IgD subtypes. None of the 76 patients exhibited serum neutralizing activity after one treatment course. Five @entity1 exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity5041 serum activity after two or more treatment courses of systemic @entity5041 . In three of these patients, antibodies neutralized both recombinant and natural @entity1199 . @entity1 developing neutralizing anti- @entity5041 antibodies, exhibited significantly lower serum sIL-2 receptor levels upon the emergence of serum neutralizing activity than patients without antibody. Additionally, NK cell associated CD56 positivity was significantly lower in @entity1 who exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity5041 serum activity than in @entity1 who did not. A significant decrease in levels of soluble @entity1199 receptors and CD56 NK cell positivity was observed, when comparing values prior to and after onset of serum neutralizing activity against @entity5041 . However, while emergence of neutralizing antibodies to @entity5041 diminished @entity5041 induced biological activation, it did not coincide with abrogation of treatment response.

title: Immunogenicity of recombinant @entity1 XXXX : biological features and clinical relevance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: The immunogenicity of recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 , EuroCetus, Amsterdam, Netherlands) was studied in seventy-six @entity1 receiving different subcutaneous immunotherapy regimens. @entity1 presented with progressive @entity1358 , @entity320 , @entity14 , @entity1892 , and @entity978 . An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was employed to screen @entity1 for development of non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity5041 , antibody specificity was confirmed by a standard Western blot. Neutralizing serum activity against @entity5041 was detected using a standard CTLL @entity19 proliferation assay. Additionally, serum levels of soluble @entity1199 receptors and lymphocyte subsets expressing the CD56 natural killer (NK) associated antigen were measured. In a proportion of approximately 35% to 90% of the @entity1 treated, non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity5041 could be detected after all treatment courses were evaluated. Antibodies were of the IgG, IgM, IgA and IgD subtypes. None of the 76 patients exhibited serum neutralizing activity after one treatment course. Five @entity1 exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity5041 serum activity after two or more treatment courses of systemic @entity5041 . In three of these patients, antibodies neutralized both recombinant and natural @entity1199 . @entity1 developing neutralizing anti- @entity5041 antibodies, exhibited significantly lower serum sIL-2 receptor levels upon the emergence of serum neutralizing activity than patients without antibody. Additionally, NK cell associated CD56 positivity was significantly lower in @entity1 who exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity5041 serum activity than in @entity1 who did not. A significant decrease in levels of soluble @entity1199 receptors and CD56 NK cell positivity was observed, when comparing values prior to and after onset of serum neutralizing activity against @entity5041 . However, while emergence of neutralizing antibodies to @entity5041 diminished @entity5041 induced biological activation, it did not coincide with abrogation of treatment response.

title: Immunogenicity of recombinant XXXX @entity1199 : biological features and clinical relevance.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: T cells specific for the mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity19514 ( @entity28379 ) play a pivotal role in the development of @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) in Lewis @entity35 . Upon adoptive transfer, CD4+ T cells recognizing a particular @entity28379 epitope trigger the onset of disease. Activation of @entity28379 -reactive T cells can be achieved by immunization with heat-killed mycobacteria in mineral oil--complete Freund's adjuvant ( @entity3795 )--or with purified recombinant @entity28379 . @entity625 , however, will only develop after immunization with @entity3795 . In fact, preimmunization with @entity28379 protects against any subsequent attempt to induce @entity1753 . In this study, we examined polyclonal lymph node cell responses in Lewis @entity35 , immunized with either @entity3795 or purified recombinant @entity28379 in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, to a set of @entity28379 fragments generated by a mild digestion with @entity12827 . Proliferative responses to several @entity28379 fragments varied with the type of antigen used for immunization. A @entity12827 -released fragment, identified as residues 376-408, preferentially triggered proliferation of @entity35 T cells after @entity28379 immunization. Preimmunization of Lewis @entity35 with this peptide delayed the onset and reduced the severity of @entity1753 . Preimmunization with another fragment which was preferentially recognized after @entity3795 immunization, representing residues 40-60, did not have such a protective effect. Our findings suggest the presence of mycobacterial @entity28379 determinants that selectively trigger @entity1753 -regulating T cells and illustrate that @entity12827 may be used as an experimental tool to generate such determinants.

title: Differential @entity35 T cell recognition of @entity12827 -released fragments of mycobacterial 65 kDa XXXX after immunization with either the recombinant protein or whole mycobacteria.

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['AA', 'adjuvant arthritis']

answer: @entity19514 :: (290549(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['heat-shock protein']


abstract: T cells specific for the mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity19514 ( @entity28379 ) play a pivotal role in the development of @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) in Lewis @entity35 . Upon adoptive transfer, CD4+ T cells recognizing a particular @entity28379 epitope trigger the onset of disease. Activation of @entity28379 -reactive T cells can be achieved by immunization with heat-killed mycobacteria in mineral oil--complete Freund's adjuvant ( @entity3795 )--or with purified recombinant @entity28379 . @entity625 , however, will only develop after immunization with @entity3795 . In fact, preimmunization with @entity28379 protects against any subsequent attempt to induce @entity1753 . In this study, we examined polyclonal lymph node cell responses in Lewis @entity35 , immunized with either @entity3795 or purified recombinant @entity28379 in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, to a set of @entity28379 fragments generated by a mild digestion with @entity12827 . Proliferative responses to several @entity28379 fragments varied with the type of antigen used for immunization. A @entity12827 -released fragment, identified as residues 376-408, preferentially triggered proliferation of @entity35 T cells after @entity28379 immunization. Preimmunization of Lewis @entity35 with this peptide delayed the onset and reduced the severity of @entity1753 . Preimmunization with another fragment which was preferentially recognized after @entity3795 immunization, representing residues 40-60, did not have such a protective effect. Our findings suggest the presence of mycobacterial @entity28379 determinants that selectively trigger @entity1753 -regulating T cells and illustrate that @entity12827 may be used as an experimental tool to generate such determinants.

title: Differential @entity35 T cell recognition of XXXX -released fragments of mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity19514 after immunization with either the recombinant protein or whole mycobacteria.

answer: @entity12827 :: (171293(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['cathepsin D']


abstract: T cells specific for the mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity19514 ( @entity28379 ) play a pivotal role in the development of @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) in Lewis @entity35 . Upon adoptive transfer, CD4+ T cells recognizing a particular @entity28379 epitope trigger the onset of disease. Activation of @entity28379 -reactive T cells can be achieved by immunization with heat-killed mycobacteria in mineral oil--complete Freund's adjuvant ( @entity3795 )--or with purified recombinant @entity28379 . @entity625 , however, will only develop after immunization with @entity3795 . In fact, preimmunization with @entity28379 protects against any subsequent attempt to induce @entity1753 . In this study, we examined polyclonal lymph node cell responses in Lewis @entity35 , immunized with either @entity3795 or purified recombinant @entity28379 in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, to a set of @entity28379 fragments generated by a mild digestion with @entity12827 . Proliferative responses to several @entity28379 fragments varied with the type of antigen used for immunization. A @entity12827 -released fragment, identified as residues 376-408, preferentially triggered proliferation of @entity35 T cells after @entity28379 immunization. Preimmunization of Lewis @entity35 with this peptide delayed the onset and reduced the severity of @entity1753 . Preimmunization with another fragment which was preferentially recognized after @entity3795 immunization, representing residues 40-60, did not have such a protective effect. Our findings suggest the presence of mycobacterial @entity28379 determinants that selectively trigger @entity1753 -regulating T cells and illustrate that @entity12827 may be used as an experimental tool to generate such determinants.

title: Differential XXXX T cell recognition of @entity12827 -released fragments of mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity19514 after immunization with either the recombinant protein or whole mycobacteria.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Although a number of reports suggest very low persistence with oral @entity171 , there is limited data on persistence with other anti- @entity170 medications. We compare rates of early discontinuation (in the first year) with all available outpatient anti- @entity170 drugs in Catalonia, Spain. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using data from the SIDIAP database. SIDIAP contains computerized primary care records and pharmacy dispensing data for >80 % of the population of Catalonia (>5 million @entity1 ). All SIDIAP @entity1 starting an anti- @entity170 drug between 1/1/2007 and 30/06/2011 (with 2 years wash-out) were included. We modelled persistence as the time between first prescription and therapy discontinuation (refill gap of at least 6 months) using Fine and Gray survival models with competing risk for @entity204 . We identified 127,722 @entity1 who started any anti- @entity170 drug in the study period. The most commonly prescribed drug was weekly @entity561 (N = 55,399). 1-Year persistence ranges from 40 % with monthly @entity562 to 7.7 % with daily @entity562 , and discontinuation was very common [from 49.5 % (monthly @entity562 ) to 84.4 % (daily @entity562 )] as was also switching in the first year of therapy [from 2.8 % (weekly @entity561 ) to 10 % (daily @entity561 )]. Multivariable-adjusted models showed that only monthly @entity562 had better one-year persistence than weekly @entity561 and @entity15896 equivalent, whilst all other therapies had worse persistence. Early discontinuation with available anti- @entity170 oral drugs is very common. Monthly @entity562 , weekly @entity561 , and daily @entity15896 are the drugs with the best persistence, whilst daily oral drugs have 40-60 % higher first-year discontinuation rates compared to weekly @entity561 .

title: Early (1-year) Discontinuation of Different Anti- XXXX Medications Compared: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity15896 :: ('MESH:D019379', 'Chemical') :: ['teriparatide']

entities_list: @entity561 :: ('MESH:D019386', 'Chemical') :: ['alendronate']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity562 :: ('MESH:C073008', 'Chemical') :: ['risedronate']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the application of double pedicle blood supply pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of laryngeal and hypo pharyngeal defect after @entity189 resection. METHOD: All the @entity1 received initial treatment. Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap was Applied in one-stage reconstruction in 22 cases of @entity189 with post-operation defect. During operation, pectoral branches of thoracoacromial vessels and branch of lateral thoracic vessels were reserved and prepared to be double pedicle vessel fascia bundle without muscle at the beginning part, rearched to defect area through subclavian tunnel. After operation, it is necessary to closely observe the subcutaneous swelling, quantity and color of the drain and others of neck surgery area to exclude the occurrence of surgical @entity1410 . When there is suspicion, do timely exploration. RESULT: Pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps of 22 @entity1 were all survived. @entity292 occurred in 2 cases and was cured by change of dressing. Twenty-one cases received radiotherapy after operation without secondary flap @entity39 . After follow-up of 6 months to 24 months, one case of roll repairment of circumferential defect in cervical esophagus,found to have @entity834 stenosis 8 months after radiotherapy and then underwent gastrostomy treatment,the other 21 cases showed good recovery of swallowing function. Among 13 cases with laryngeal function reserved, only 1 case wearing tube and the extubation rate was 92.3% without communication barriers, no @entity1 died in the short follow-up period. CONCLUSION: For double pedicle blood supply pectoralis major nyocutaneous flap, blood supply are fully guaranteed and does not require complicated equipment to observe and monitor the flap blood supply after operation, it is important to exclude factors that may lead to muscular flap @entity39 to ensure the survival of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.

title: [The application of double pedicle blood supply pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of laryngeal and hypo pharyngeal defect after XXXX resection].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['laryngocarcinoma and hypopharyngeal carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['Pharyngeal fistula']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lengthening of the lateral column for adduction of forefoot and restoration of the medial arch. Stabilization of the ankle joint complex. INDICATIONS: @entity85 ( @entity12290 stage  II). Instability of the medial ankle joint complex (superficial deltoid and spring ligament). Posttraumatic valgus and @entity5109 . CONTRAINDICATIONS: Rigid @entity85 ( @entity12290 stage  III and IV). Talocalcaneal and @entity14948 . @entity571 of calcaneocuboid joint. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Exposition of @entity8546 at sinus tarsi. Osteotomy through sinus tarsi and widening until desired correction of the foot is achieved. Insertion of bone graft. Screw fixation. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Immobilization in a cast for 6  weeks. Weight-bearing as tolerated from the beginning. RESULTS: In the majority of cases, part of hindfoot reconstruction. Reliable and stable correction. Safe procedure with few complications.

title: [Lateral column lengthening osteotomy of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5109 :: ('MESH:D005530', 'Disease') :: ['pronation deformity of the foot']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity8546 :: ('MESH:C566069', 'Disease') :: ['calcaneus']

entities_list: @entity14948 :: ('MESH:C536895', 'Disease') :: ['naviculocalcaneal coalition']

entities_list: @entity12290 :: ('MESH:D037081', 'Disease') :: ['posterior tibial tendon dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Supple flatfoot deformity', 'flatfoot deformity']

answer: @entity8546 :: (MESH:C566069,Disease) :: ['calcaneus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of hepatopancreatoduodenectomy (HPD) in @entity1 with advanced @entity1086 directly invading the liver and pancreas, generally considered to be nonresectable. @entity1 AND METHODS: Sixty @entity1 with @entity1086 admitted to our hospital from 1978 to 1992, of whom 55 had Nevin stage V @entity189 and 21 had resectable @entity5 . Of these @entity1 , seven underwent HPD. The remaining 34 @entity1 had nonresectable @entity5 . The outcomes of @entity1 undergoing HPD and those with nonresectable @entity5 were compared and the effect on their quality of life was also analyzed. RESULTS: @entity260 occurred in five of the seven @entity1 after HPD, but there were no operative deaths. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 57% and 28.6%, respectively, with a median survival time of 12 months. In contrast, the 1- and 2-year survival rates of the 34 @entity1 with nonresectable @entity5 were both 5.8%, and the median survival time was 2 months. The median and mean durations of home stay after HPD were 6 and 10.5 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy has the potential to improve both survival and the quality of life for carefully selected @entity1 with advanced @entity1086 .

title: Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder carcinoma']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['gallbladder carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Factors that were likely to cause @entity12828 following hepatic resection were studied. DESIGN: Case-comparison study. SETTING: Institutional practice. @entity1 : Seventy-one @entity1 who underwent hepatic resection because of primary or secondary @entity96 and other benign disease, and who had no history of @entity788 , were divided into four groups. @entity1 were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of underlying @entity409 and the @entity432 methods used during hepatic resection (Pringle maneuver or the hemihepatic @entity432 technique). The Pringle maneuver was chosen for @entity1 in whom the duration of liver parenchymal transection was expected to be short and/or the hepatic hilum had severe adhesion precluding the safe dissection of the hepatic artery and portal vein. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum amylase levels were measured on the preoperative day and on postoperative days 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, and 14. Preoperative liver function, operative @entity190 , operative time, and @entity432 time were examined. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity409 (CLD group) had high serum amylase levels during the preoperative and postoperative periods. @entity1 in the CLD group who underwent the Pringle maneuver (Pringle-L group) had significantly elevated postoperative serum amylase levels in comparison with their preoperative serum amylase levels. @entity788 developed in two @entity1 in the Pringle-L group--one of them died. CONCLUSION: These results strongly suggest that prolonged complete occlusion of the portal vein for hepatectomy in @entity1 with @entity409 has a serious influence on postoperative serum amylase levels.

title: Changes in serum amylase level following hepatic resection in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatitis', 'pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['chronic liver disease', 'liver disease']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity12828 :: ('MESH:D034321', 'Disease') :: ['hyperamylasemia']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['chronic liver disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: No systematic comparison has been conducted in Fiji using all suitable surveys of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity28 prevalence after standardizing methodology and definitions. METHODS: Unit records from six surveys of Fiji adults were variously adjusted for age, ethnicity (Fiji Melanesians, i-Taukei, and Fijians of Asian Indian descent [Indians]) and urban-rural by sex to previous censuses. Trends were assessed using meta-regression (random effect models) and estimates projected to 2020. Poisson regression of strata was used to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) increases on @entity6 period trends. RESULTS: Over 1980-2011, @entity6 prevalence increased in i-Taukei @entity1 (3.2% to 11.1%; 1.32%/5   years) and @entity1 (5.3% to 13.6%; 1.40%/5   years) and Indian @entity1 (11.1% to 17.9%; 1.24%/5   years) and @entity1 (11.2% to 19.9%; 1.71%/5   years). Projected @entity6 prevalence in 2020 is 13.3% and 16.7% in i-Taukei @entity1 and @entity1 , and 23.4% and 24.1% in Indian @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. Obesity prevalence increased in i-Taukei @entity1 (12.6% to 28.9%; 2.99%/5   years) and @entity1 (30.1% to 52.9%; 3.84%/5   years) and in Indian @entity1 (2.8% to 9.4%; 1.21%/5   years) and @entity1 (13.2% to 26.6%; 2.61%/5   years). Projected @entity28 prevalence in 2020 is 34.0% and 60.0% in i-Taukei and @entity1 , and 11.4% and 31.0% in Indian @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. After age-adjustment, an estimated 27%, 25%, 16% and 18% of the @entity6 period trend is attributable to BMI in i-Taukei @entity1 and @entity1 and Indian @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of @entity6 in Fiji is projected to continue increasing, driven by rising @entity28 , with consequences for premature mortality and life expectancy.

title: @entity6 and XXXX trends in Fiji over 30   years.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['T2DM', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: No systematic comparison has been conducted in Fiji using all suitable surveys of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity28 prevalence after standardizing methodology and definitions. METHODS: Unit records from six surveys of Fiji adults were variously adjusted for age, ethnicity (Fiji Melanesians, i-Taukei, and Fijians of Asian Indian descent [Indians]) and urban-rural by sex to previous censuses. Trends were assessed using meta-regression (random effect models) and estimates projected to 2020. Poisson regression of strata was used to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) increases on @entity6 period trends. RESULTS: Over 1980-2011, @entity6 prevalence increased in i-Taukei @entity1 (3.2% to 11.1%; 1.32%/5   years) and @entity1 (5.3% to 13.6%; 1.40%/5   years) and Indian @entity1 (11.1% to 17.9%; 1.24%/5   years) and @entity1 (11.2% to 19.9%; 1.71%/5   years). Projected @entity6 prevalence in 2020 is 13.3% and 16.7% in i-Taukei @entity1 and @entity1 , and 23.4% and 24.1% in Indian @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. Obesity prevalence increased in i-Taukei @entity1 (12.6% to 28.9%; 2.99%/5   years) and @entity1 (30.1% to 52.9%; 3.84%/5   years) and in Indian @entity1 (2.8% to 9.4%; 1.21%/5   years) and @entity1 (13.2% to 26.6%; 2.61%/5   years). Projected @entity28 prevalence in 2020 is 34.0% and 60.0% in i-Taukei and @entity1 , and 11.4% and 31.0% in Indian @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. After age-adjustment, an estimated 27%, 25%, 16% and 18% of the @entity6 period trend is attributable to BMI in i-Taukei @entity1 and @entity1 and Indian @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of @entity6 in Fiji is projected to continue increasing, driven by rising @entity28 , with consequences for premature mortality and life expectancy.

title: XXXX and @entity28 trends in Fiji over 30   years.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: Four new permanent cell lines (RCC-A, -B, -C, and -D) derived from different @entity1 @entity1358 of the clear cell type were established in tissue culture. The cell lines displayed characteristic differences in cell size and shape, which allowed individual identification by phase contrast microscopy. Ultrastructurally, the cell lines exhibited varying amounts of cytoplasmatic glycogen and lipid. Immunohistochemistry revealed co-expression of @entity2277 and cytokeratin in all cell lines. The mean population doubling time ranged from 27 h (RCC-A) to 104 h (RCC-D). RCC-B and -C cells produced slowly growing @entity5 after heterotransplantation into @entity19 , whereas RCC-A and RCC-D cells were non-tumorigenic. The modal chromosome number was either near-diploid (RCC-A, -B, and -C) or near triploid (RCC-D). @entity2214 affecting the short arm of chromosome 3 were seen in all cell lines. Northern blot analysis revealed no expression of the proto-oncogenes @entity1639 , c-ros, and @entity10007 , whereas @entity984 expression was observed in all cell lines. Expression of @entity517 was observed in RCC-A, RCC-B, and RCC-D cells, whereas @entity10242 expression could be detected in RCC-B and RCC-D. @entity5 suppressor gene @entity876 mRNA was observed in the cell line RCC-D.

title: Cytomorphological, cytogenetic, and molecular biological characterization of four new XXXX renal carcinoma cell lines of the clear cell type.

entities_list: @entity2214 :: ('MESH:D007945', 'Disease') :: ['Clonal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']