abstract: Six cases of isolated avulsions of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus were encountered within a short period of time. Although it seldom has been described in the literature, it might be a more common @entity174 than suspected. Physical examination revealed a @entity158 shoulder with limited function in all six @entity1 . In retrospect, all diagnoses could have been made on the primary plain roentgenograms. However, the fragment of the lesser tuberosity was easily misdiagnosed. An axillary view showed the fragment clearly in all cases. Computed tomography is useful for making an accurate diagnosis because it establishes the size and displacement of the fragment and determines additional injuries, such as a @entity397 . Five @entity1 with displacement of the lesser tuberosity were operated on after several weeks or months. The lesser tuberosity was reattached in all cases. After 6 months three @entity1 had slight impairment of elevation and external rotation, and one of them suffered from @entity158 during movements of the arm. The @entity1 with no @entity174 was treated conservatively with a good result. In conclusion, we recommended an axillary roentgenogram as part of the posttrauma radiologic series of the shoulder. A nondisplaced @entity155 @entity174 of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus can be treated conservatively. We recommend reattachment of displaced @entity174 .

title: Isolated @entity155 XXXX of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'fracture displacement']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured biceps tendon']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: Six cases of isolated avulsions of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus were encountered within a short period of time. Although it seldom has been described in the literature, it might be a more common @entity174 than suspected. Physical examination revealed a @entity158 shoulder with limited function in all six @entity1 . In retrospect, all diagnoses could have been made on the primary plain roentgenograms. However, the fragment of the lesser tuberosity was easily misdiagnosed. An axillary view showed the fragment clearly in all cases. Computed tomography is useful for making an accurate diagnosis because it establishes the size and displacement of the fragment and determines additional injuries, such as a @entity397 . Five @entity1 with displacement of the lesser tuberosity were operated on after several weeks or months. The lesser tuberosity was reattached in all cases. After 6 months three @entity1 had slight impairment of elevation and external rotation, and one of them suffered from @entity158 during movements of the arm. The @entity1 with no @entity174 was treated conservatively with a good result. In conclusion, we recommended an axillary roentgenogram as part of the posttrauma radiologic series of the shoulder. A nondisplaced @entity155 @entity174 of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus can be treated conservatively. We recommend reattachment of displaced @entity174 .

title: Isolated XXXX @entity174 of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus.

answer: @entity155 :: (MESH:D014084,Disease) :: ['avulsion']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate adherence to a soy-based diet among premenopausal @entity1 . DESIGN: First year of a 2-year, randomized dietary intervention. SUBJECTS: 220 healthy premenopausal @entity1 who reported low baseline soy intake. INTERVENTION: 5 counseling visits, 7 follow-up phone calls, and 12 group meetings. Main outcome measures Self-reported soy intake logs; food frequency questionnaires; repeated, randomly timed 24-hour recalls; and analysis of urinary @entity3093 excretion by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Statistical analyses Frequency distributions, means, t tests, and mixed effects models. RESULTS: At baseline, the 2 groups did not differ in dietary soy intake (P=.51) or urinary @entity3093 excretion (P=.16). According to the 24-hour recalls and the food frequency questionnaires, the intervention group's estimated @entity3093 intake increased more than 10 times compared with baseline and with the control group (P<.0001). During follow-up, urinary @entity3093 excretion results showed no change in the control group, but a 6-fold increase for intervention subjects (P<.0001). Intake logs showed a strong preference for soymilk and tofu over the other foods and indicated that intervention @entity1 consumed at least 12 servings of soy foods per week during 84 out of 100 follow-up contacts. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate a high level of compliance with the study regimen, which we attribute to the following strategies: repeated contact with the study subjects, personal relationships with the dietitians, wide choice of soy foods, easy access to soy foods at no cost, and recipes that allowed substitution of previously eaten foods with soy products.

title: Three measures show high compliance in a soy intervention among premenopausal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity3093 :: ('CHEBI:18220', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Pacemaker implantation is a standard recommendation for @entity1 with persistent complete @entity616 following surgery for @entity299 . This study was performed to determine the incidence and clinical significance of late recovery of atrioventricular conduction following pacemaker implantation. METHODS: Between 1990 and 2001, 5662 open cardiac procedures for @entity4297 were performed at our institution. The postoperative course of all @entity1 with complete @entity616 in whom a permanent pacemaker was implanted was followed on a monthly basis, by either clinical or transtelephonic follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 72 @entity1 with persistent @entity616 underwent pacemaker implantation. After insertion of the pacemaker, recovery of atrioventricular conduction was recognized in 7 of 72 @entity1 (9.6%) at a median of 41 days (18-113 days) after the initial cardiac operation. These included 3 @entity1 with @entity1757 , 2 with ventricular inversion or single ventricle, and 1 each with @entity3585 and @entity474 . During a mean follow-up of 4.4 +/- 2.6 years, there was no late recurrence of @entity616 . Three @entity1 had residual @entity714 and 1 had first-degree @entity713 . CONCLUSIONS: Atrioventricular conduction may return in a small but significant percentage of @entity1 following pacemaker implantation for complete @entity616 associated with congenital heart surgery. When recovery of atrioventricular conduction occurs within the first months after surgery it appears reliable, which suggests that lifelong cardiac pacing may not be necessary in these individuals.

title: Late recovery of atrioventricular conduction after pacemaker implantation for complete XXXX associated with surgery for @entity299 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3585 :: ('MESH:D014694', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular outflow tract obstruction']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['right bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block', 'postoperative complete heart block']

entities_list: @entity474 :: ('MESH:C562831', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart defects']

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['heart block']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Pacemaker implantation is a standard recommendation for @entity1 with persistent complete @entity616 following surgery for @entity299 . This study was performed to determine the incidence and clinical significance of late recovery of atrioventricular conduction following pacemaker implantation. METHODS: Between 1990 and 2001, 5662 open cardiac procedures for @entity4297 were performed at our institution. The postoperative course of all @entity1 with complete @entity616 in whom a permanent pacemaker was implanted was followed on a monthly basis, by either clinical or transtelephonic follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 72 @entity1 with persistent @entity616 underwent pacemaker implantation. After insertion of the pacemaker, recovery of atrioventricular conduction was recognized in 7 of 72 @entity1 (9.6%) at a median of 41 days (18-113 days) after the initial cardiac operation. These included 3 @entity1 with @entity1757 , 2 with ventricular inversion or single ventricle, and 1 each with @entity3585 and @entity474 . During a mean follow-up of 4.4 +/- 2.6 years, there was no late recurrence of @entity616 . Three @entity1 had residual @entity714 and 1 had first-degree @entity713 . CONCLUSIONS: Atrioventricular conduction may return in a small but significant percentage of @entity1 following pacemaker implantation for complete @entity616 associated with congenital heart surgery. When recovery of atrioventricular conduction occurs within the first months after surgery it appears reliable, which suggests that lifelong cardiac pacing may not be necessary in these individuals.

title: Late recovery of atrioventricular conduction after pacemaker implantation for complete @entity616 associated with surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['congenital heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The importance of early diagnosis in @entity1 with a mild form of @entity5684 should be emphasized. If applied sufficiently early, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or recombinant enzyme therapy may improve the prognosis. At present, however, diagnosis of the mild form of @entity5684 tends to be delayed, especially in @entity1 with relatively normal intelligence. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the occurrence of @entity30600 in @entity1 with @entity5684 , and to clarify the relationship between the @entity30600 and @entity5684 clinically and histopathologically. METHODS: Seven Japanese @entity1 with @entity5684 who had received HSCT at ages 4-11 years were observed. The cutaneous manifestations of @entity30600 before HSCT were evaluated, and compared with those after HSCT. In two @entity1 , the @entity2117 from the @entity30600 was examined by light and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Pre-HSCT observation revealed that all the @entity1 had an extensive @entity30600 . These were present at birth and have shown no signs of resolution during the post-HSCT period. Electron microscopic findings showed that pigment-bearing dermal melanocytes contained many free melanosomes in stage IV. These were surrounded by extracellular sheaths and encircled by elastic fibres. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a strong clinical correlation between the extensive @entity30600 and @entity5684 . Ultrastructural findings also clearly suggest that the @entity2117 is a long-lasting symptom. The recognition of the extensive @entity30600 is essential as it may lead to early diagnosis in @entity1 with a mild form of @entity5684 .

title: Significance of extensive XXXX in @entity5684 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity30600 :: ('MESH:D049328', 'Disease') :: ['Mongolian spot', 'Mongolian spots']

entities_list: @entity5684 :: ('MESH:D016532', 'Disease') :: ["Hunter's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2117 :: ('MESH:D017495', 'Disease') :: ['hyperpigmentation']

answer: @entity30600 :: (MESH:D049328,Disease) :: ['Mongolian spots']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The importance of early diagnosis in @entity1 with a mild form of @entity5684 should be emphasized. If applied sufficiently early, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or recombinant enzyme therapy may improve the prognosis. At present, however, diagnosis of the mild form of @entity5684 tends to be delayed, especially in @entity1 with relatively normal intelligence. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the occurrence of @entity30600 in @entity1 with @entity5684 , and to clarify the relationship between the @entity30600 and @entity5684 clinically and histopathologically. METHODS: Seven Japanese @entity1 with @entity5684 who had received HSCT at ages 4-11 years were observed. The cutaneous manifestations of @entity30600 before HSCT were evaluated, and compared with those after HSCT. In two @entity1 , the @entity2117 from the @entity30600 was examined by light and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Pre-HSCT observation revealed that all the @entity1 had an extensive @entity30600 . These were present at birth and have shown no signs of resolution during the post-HSCT period. Electron microscopic findings showed that pigment-bearing dermal melanocytes contained many free melanosomes in stage IV. These were surrounded by extracellular sheaths and encircled by elastic fibres. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a strong clinical correlation between the extensive @entity30600 and @entity5684 . Ultrastructural findings also clearly suggest that the @entity2117 is a long-lasting symptom. The recognition of the extensive @entity30600 is essential as it may lead to early diagnosis in @entity1 with a mild form of @entity5684 .

title: Significance of extensive @entity30600 in XXXX .

answer: @entity5684 :: (MESH:D016532,Disease) :: ['Hunter's syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1091 significantly improved @entity1909 in comparison with placebo. Objectives This randomized controlled trial was designed to show a non-inferiority of 15% (primary end-point) of @entity12742 8% ointment compared with @entity3102 2% emulsion. METHODS: The study population comprised out- @entity1 who had @entity2652 for at least 2 months, with moderate to severe @entity5105 and desquamation at inclusion. The primary end-point was complete remission, defined as the disappearance of both @entity5105 and desquamation. The non-inferiority of @entity1091 was assessed on the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference between treatments. RESULTS: The intent-to-treat analysis (ITT) involved 288 @entity1 and the per protocol (PP) analysis 269 @entity1 . Treatment groups were comparable at baseline on age, sex, disease duration and symptoms. For the main criterion, the success rate was 52.0% ( @entity1091 ) vs. 30.1% ( @entity3102 ) in the ITT population and 53.2% ( @entity1091 ) vs. 30.7% ( @entity3102 ) in the PP population. The non-inferiority of @entity1091 was demonstrated with differences of 21.9% (95% CI 10.0-33.7%) and 22.5% (95% CI 10.2-34.8%), respectively, in the ITT and PP population. As the lower limit of the 95% CI was > 0, the superiority of @entity1091 was shown. @entity1091 also showed better results on other symptoms: burning and dryness. Adverse events were reported by 26.3% ( @entity1091 ) and 25% ( @entity3102 ) of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1091 was 22% more effective than @entity3102 in giving complete remission of @entity1909 , with comparable safety.

title: @entity12742 8% vs XXXX 2% in the treatment of @entity1909 : a multicentre, randomized study.

entities_list: @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['facial seborrhoeic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity12742 :: ('MESH:C030691', 'Chemical') :: ['lithium gluconate']

entities_list: @entity1091 :: ('MESH:D008094', 'Chemical') :: ['Lithium', 'lithium']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['seborrhoeic dermatitis', 'seborrhoeic dermatitis symptoms']

answer: @entity3102 :: (MESH:D007654,Chemical) :: ['ketoconazole']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1091 significantly improved @entity1909 in comparison with placebo. Objectives This randomized controlled trial was designed to show a non-inferiority of 15% (primary end-point) of @entity12742 8% ointment compared with @entity3102 2% emulsion. METHODS: The study population comprised out- @entity1 who had @entity2652 for at least 2 months, with moderate to severe @entity5105 and desquamation at inclusion. The primary end-point was complete remission, defined as the disappearance of both @entity5105 and desquamation. The non-inferiority of @entity1091 was assessed on the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference between treatments. RESULTS: The intent-to-treat analysis (ITT) involved 288 @entity1 and the per protocol (PP) analysis 269 @entity1 . Treatment groups were comparable at baseline on age, sex, disease duration and symptoms. For the main criterion, the success rate was 52.0% ( @entity1091 ) vs. 30.1% ( @entity3102 ) in the ITT population and 53.2% ( @entity1091 ) vs. 30.7% ( @entity3102 ) in the PP population. The non-inferiority of @entity1091 was demonstrated with differences of 21.9% (95% CI 10.0-33.7%) and 22.5% (95% CI 10.2-34.8%), respectively, in the ITT and PP population. As the lower limit of the 95% CI was > 0, the superiority of @entity1091 was shown. @entity1091 also showed better results on other symptoms: burning and dryness. Adverse events were reported by 26.3% ( @entity1091 ) and 25% ( @entity3102 ) of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1091 was 22% more effective than @entity3102 in giving complete remission of @entity1909 , with comparable safety.

title: XXXX 8% vs @entity3102 2% in the treatment of @entity1909 : a multicentre, randomized study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity12742 :: (MESH:C030691,Chemical) :: ['Lithium gluconate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1091 significantly improved @entity1909 in comparison with placebo. Objectives This randomized controlled trial was designed to show a non-inferiority of 15% (primary end-point) of @entity12742 8% ointment compared with @entity3102 2% emulsion. METHODS: The study population comprised out- @entity1 who had @entity2652 for at least 2 months, with moderate to severe @entity5105 and desquamation at inclusion. The primary end-point was complete remission, defined as the disappearance of both @entity5105 and desquamation. The non-inferiority of @entity1091 was assessed on the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference between treatments. RESULTS: The intent-to-treat analysis (ITT) involved 288 @entity1 and the per protocol (PP) analysis 269 @entity1 . Treatment groups were comparable at baseline on age, sex, disease duration and symptoms. For the main criterion, the success rate was 52.0% ( @entity1091 ) vs. 30.1% ( @entity3102 ) in the ITT population and 53.2% ( @entity1091 ) vs. 30.7% ( @entity3102 ) in the PP population. The non-inferiority of @entity1091 was demonstrated with differences of 21.9% (95% CI 10.0-33.7%) and 22.5% (95% CI 10.2-34.8%), respectively, in the ITT and PP population. As the lower limit of the 95% CI was > 0, the superiority of @entity1091 was shown. @entity1091 also showed better results on other symptoms: burning and dryness. Adverse events were reported by 26.3% ( @entity1091 ) and 25% ( @entity3102 ) of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1091 was 22% more effective than @entity3102 in giving complete remission of @entity1909 , with comparable safety.

title: @entity12742 8% vs @entity3102 2% in the treatment of XXXX : a multicentre, randomized study.

answer: @entity1909 :: (MESH:D003872,Disease) :: ['seborrhoeic dermatitis']


abstract: The major motor disturbances in @entity191 are thought to be caused by overactivity of the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi), in large part due to excessive drive from the subthalamic nucleus. The excessive inhibitory activity of GPi is thought to "brake' the motor thalamus and the cortical motor system to produce the @entity73 , @entity2003 , and poverty of movement characteristic of @entity191 states. To test the hypothesis that direct reduction of Gpi activity can improve motor function, we studied the effect of GPi pallidotomy in 14 @entity1 . The location of the GPi nucleus was confirmed by microelectrode recording before lesion creation. Standardised videotape recordings before and after operation were randomised and scored by a "blinded' evaluator. 6 months after surgery, total motor score in the "off" state had improved by 30% and the total @entity910 score by 33%. The gait score in the "off" state improved by 15% and a composite postural instability and gait score by 23%. After surgery there was almost total elimination of drug-induced @entity2358 ( @entity910 ), with a 92% reduction on the side contralateral to the pallidotomy. No @entity1 had @entity227 . In these @entity1 GPi pallidotomy enhanced motor performance, reduced @entity910 , improved gait, and eliminated the neural elements responsible for @entity3034 -induced @entity910 .

title: Effect of GPi pallidotomy on motor function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual or corticospinal complications']

entities_list: @entity3034 :: ('MESH:D007980', 'Chemical') :: ['levodopa']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['slowness']

entities_list: @entity2358 :: ('MESH:D020820', 'Disease') :: ['involuntary movements']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['akinesia', 'dyskinesias']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'parkinsonian']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: Excessive @entity167 consumption and heavy smoking are the main risk factors for upper digestive tract @entity5 . @entity5 risk is dose-dependent and @entity167 and smoking have synergistic effects. @entity167 is not carcinogenic. However, its first metabolite- @entity3094 -has recently been shown to be a local carcinogen in @entity1 . Microbes representing normal @entity1 gut flora are able to produce @entity3094 from @entity1068 . This results in high local @entity3094 concentrations in the saliva and contents of the large intestine. Asian heavy drinkers with a @entity74 for detoxifying @entity3094 form an exceptional @entity1 'knockout' model for long-term @entity3094 exposure. The risk of @entity167 -related digestive tract @entity5 is particularly high among this population. All mechanisms that have an effect on salivary or intracolonic @entity3094 concentration are of importance. The message for prevention is that one should take care to have good oral hygiene and to avoid smoking, heavy drinking and drinking to intoxication.

title: XXXX consumption and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic deficiency']

entities_list: @entity3094 :: ('MESH:D000079', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaldehyde']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['Alcohol']


abstract: @entity292 is a serious complication after laryngectomy. Gastric fluid is known to cause severe @entity130 and poor @entity33 . This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a @entity354 prophylaxis regimen on the incidence of @entity292 after laryngectomy. Twenty-one consecutive @entity1 were entered in the study. @entity1 with positive resection margins were excluded from the overall analysis. All @entity1 had a Connell's two-layer closure of the pharynx with absorbable suture, suction drainage of the neck, postoperative tube feeding, and prophylactic antibiotics. All @entity1 were started on an antireflux regimen postoperatively composed of continuous tube feeds, intravenous @entity5616 , and intravenous @entity1769 . @entity1 were followed postoperatively with Gastrografin swallows and clinically for 8 weeks. The control group consisted of retrospectively studied @entity1 managed identically except for the antireflux prophylaxis. The two groups were well matched for factors reported to influence the rate of pharyngocutaneous @entity292 formation. The control group had six fistulae (26%) and an average of 16.5 days of hospital stay. The study group had no fistulae and an average of 11.5 days of hospital stay (P = .02). This study suggests that @entity354 may predispose to @entity292 formation after laryngectomy and that mechanical and pharmacological prophylaxsis decreases postoperative morbidity and length of hospital stay.

title: Gastroesophageal reflux prophylaxis decreases the incidence of pharyngocutaneous XXXX after total laryngectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal healing']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'Pharyngocutaneous fistula']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['metoclopramide hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['ranitidine']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['laryngopharyngeal injury']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistula']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 enteric viruses occur in high concentrations in wastewater and can contaminate receiving environmental waters. Due to the lack of data on the prevalence of enteric viruses in New Caledonia, the presence and the concentrations of enteric viruses in wastewater and seawater were determined. Untreated wastewater and seawater samples were collected monthly for 1  year from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and from the WWTP's outlet, located directly on a popular recreational beach. Samples were tested for norovirus genogroups I and II (NoV GI and GII), astroviruses (AsV), sapoviruses (SaV), enteroviruses (EV), @entity99 ( @entity99 ), rotaviruses (RoV), @entity1 adenoviruses (HAdV) and @entity1 polyomaviruses (HPyV). To support these data, faecal samples from cases of @entity1902 were tested for the first time for NoV and detected in the population. NoV GI, NoV GII, EV, SaV, HAdV and HPyV were detected in all wastewaters, RoV in 75  % and AsV in 67  %. @entity99 were not detected in wastewater. Overall, 92  % of seawater samples were positive for at least one virus. HPyV were detected most frequently in 92  % of samples and at concentrations up to 7.7  *  10(3) genome copies/L. NoV GI, NoV GII, EV, SaV, RoV and HAdV were found in 33, 66, 41, 33, 16 and 66  % of seawater samples, respectively. AsV were not detected in seawater. This study reports for the first time the presence of NoV and other enteric viruses in New Caledonia and highlights the year-round presence of enteric viruses in the seawater of a popular beach.

title: A 1-Year Study on the Detection of XXXX Enteric Viruses in New Caledonia.

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['HAV', 'hepatitis A viruses']

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['gastroenteritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a worldwide tendency towards a reduction in the rates of @entity204 due to @entity82 . In Chile, a decrease in the number of hospital admissions due to this disease has been recorded. AIM: To assess general characteristics and temporal evolution of @entity1575 mortality in Chile between 1990 and 2007. MATERIAL AND METHODS: National @entity204 records and population databases were reviewed. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates for alcoholic and non-alcoholic @entity82 were calculated, evaluating their evolution in the study period and the relative risk by gender. RESULTS: In the study period, 44,894 @entity204 caused by @entity82 were recorded. Mortality rate was 16.6 @entity204 per 100,000 inhabitants. 54% of @entity204 were attributed to non-alcoholic @entity82 . There was a reduction in mortality rates for both types of @entity82 . Males accounted for 83 and 65% of @entity204 caused by alcoholic and non-alcoholic @entity82 , respectively. The figures for relative risk of @entity204 were 5 and 1.9, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7160 was the preponderant cause among @entity1575 @entity204 . A decrease in mortality rates was observed in the study period. Improvements in disease treatment and control could possibly explain this trend.

title: [Mortality trend from XXXX in Chile from 1990 to 2007].

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity7160 :: ('MESH:D008104', 'Disease') :: ['Alcoholic cirrhosis']

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['liver cirrhosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Central Pontine @entity6150 (CPM) is the most severe @entity16 after liver transplantation and apparently is not related to changes in osmolarity. AIM: To report five transplanted @entity1 with CPM. @entity1 AND METHODS: In a series of 27 @entity1 subjected to liver transplantation between 2005 and 2008, we found five @entity1 who developed CPM. RESULTS: All @entity1 presented a severe @entity99 . In the absence of alterations in osmolality, they developed, between the second to seventh day after transplantation, a central @entity1688 , @entity427 and Babinski sign, with preservation of sensorium. Magnetic resonance imaging showed demyelination of the motor pathway only in the protuberance. Motor recovery first began in the fingers and hands, followed by forearms, toes, feet, arms and finally the legs, defining a somatotopic recovery of the cortico-spinal pathway. CONCLUSIONS: This form of regaining motility shows that the selective involvement of the pyramidal tract in CPM, is according to its location in the pons and suggests a local entrapment. It is due to the structural @entity2003 of the protuberance that limits the expansive requirements of cytotoxic and vasogenic @entity4 , and only affects the long fibers of cortico-spinal tracts, sensitized by @entity75 . The entrapment syndromes generally preserve the axons, injure myelin and have no inflammatory reactions.

title: [Central pontine XXXX after liver transplantation. Report of five cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['quadriplegia']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complication']

entities_list: @entity6150 :: ('MESH:D017590', 'Disease') :: ['Myelinolysis']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyperreflexia']

answer: @entity6150 :: (MESH:D017590,Disease) :: ['myelinolysis']


abstract: The distribution of the mRNAs encoding the @entity935 D1, D2 and D5 receptors was determined in brain tissues obtained from intact female @entity2608 , using a ribonuclease protection assay. Tissue blocks from the frontal cortex, striatum, thalamus, hippocampus and substantia nigra were dissected and total RNA was extracted. @entity935 D2 and D5 receptor DNA fragments were generated from @entity2608 genomic DNA using polymerase chain reaction. To generate @entity935 receptor subtype-specific cRNA probes, DNA fragments corresponding to the @entity1473 terminus of the @entity2608 D1 and D2 receptor genes and to the putative transmembrane domain regions (IV-VI) of the D5 receptor gene, were subcloned into the pGEM3Z/4Z vectors. Expression of D1 receptor mRNA exhibited significant regional differences: striatum > > > cerebral cortex > or = hippocampus > or = lateral thalamus. D1 receptor mRNA was found in low quantities in the medial thalamus, but was not consistently expressed in the substantia nigra area. In contrast, D2 receptor mRNA was detected in all regions that were studied: striatum > > > substantia nigra > > hippocampus > or = cerebral cortex > or = medial thalamus > or = lateral thalamus. D5 receptor mRNA was also expressed in all regions, with highest levels in the cerebral cortex, striatum and lateral thalamus, and moderate levels in the substantia nigra, medial thalamus and the hippocampus. The D5 receptor mRNA appears to be widely distributed in the monkey brain. Most interesting is the expression of D5 receptor mRNA in tissues of the substantia nigra area.

title: Distribution of XXXX D1, D2, and D5 receptor mRNAs in the monkey brain: ribonuclease protection assay analysis.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine', 'Dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkey', 'rhesus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity1473 :: ('CHEBI:46883', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxy']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BACKGROUND Treatment efficacy for the increasing prevalence of @entity615 is a great challenge for both health care providers and individuals coping with this problem. This study aimed to evaluate @entity158 coping strategies used by primary care @entity1 with @entity615 ( @entity615 ) as a supplementation of medical diagnosis before a physiotherapy programme. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 88 @entity1 were divided into 3 age groups: young adults (21-40 years old), middle-aged adults (41-60 years old), and the elderly (over 60 years old). Data was gathered from rehabilitation centers and primary medical care facilities. A cross-sectional design was used. The Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) was completed before the physiotherapy course. RESULTS @entity1 complained of @entity615 for 11.32  6.81 years on average. The most common strategies to cope with @entity615 included declaring that the @entity158 is manageable, praying and hoping, as well as increased behavioral activity. Statistically significant differences in coping strategies were found between age groups. The elderly @entity1 were more likely to "declare coping with @entity158 " in comparison to the younger age groups (p<0.01). @entity1 over 60 years of age were more likely to declare active coping with @entity158 , while young @entity1 reported catastrophizing. CONCLUSIONS @entity1 in different age groups had various difficulties in @entity158 coping. Most of them required support in self-management of @entity158 in addition to physiotherapy. The basic assessment of @entity158 coping strategies should be consistently taken into account and included in rehabilitation protocols in @entity1118 treatment.

title: Strategies for Coping with XXXX in @entity1 with Long Physiotherapy Wait Time.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['CLBP', 'chronic lower back pain', 'back pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity615 :: (MESH:D001416,Disease) :: ['Chronic Lower Back Pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BACKGROUND Treatment efficacy for the increasing prevalence of @entity615 is a great challenge for both health care providers and individuals coping with this problem. This study aimed to evaluate @entity158 coping strategies used by primary care @entity1 with @entity615 ( @entity615 ) as a supplementation of medical diagnosis before a physiotherapy programme. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 88 @entity1 were divided into 3 age groups: young adults (21-40 years old), middle-aged adults (41-60 years old), and the elderly (over 60 years old). Data was gathered from rehabilitation centers and primary medical care facilities. A cross-sectional design was used. The Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) was completed before the physiotherapy course. RESULTS @entity1 complained of @entity615 for 11.32  6.81 years on average. The most common strategies to cope with @entity615 included declaring that the @entity158 is manageable, praying and hoping, as well as increased behavioral activity. Statistically significant differences in coping strategies were found between age groups. The elderly @entity1 were more likely to "declare coping with @entity158 " in comparison to the younger age groups (p<0.01). @entity1 over 60 years of age were more likely to declare active coping with @entity158 , while young @entity1 reported catastrophizing. CONCLUSIONS @entity1 in different age groups had various difficulties in @entity158 coping. Most of them required support in self-management of @entity158 in addition to physiotherapy. The basic assessment of @entity158 coping strategies should be consistently taken into account and included in rehabilitation protocols in @entity1118 treatment.

title: Strategies for Coping with @entity615 in XXXX with Long Physiotherapy Wait Time.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: @entity14972 is a @entity361 of early childhood characterized by the formation of @entity5 in the skin, muscle, viscera, bone, and subcutaneous tissue. Although relatively rare overall, it represents the most common @entity5 of infancy. The etiology of this disorder is unknown. @entity14972 can present as a solitary or multicentric form. With the multicentric form, bone is often involved, but solitary @entity79 account for only 10% of the cases. Imaging findings are not pathognomonic, and the differential diagnosis usually includes @entity1712 ( @entity1222 ), @entity4034 , @entity3 , @entity13626 , @entity4890 , @entity2695 , @entity82 , @entity1492 , and @entity1653 . A histological pattern is typical, but there are no histopathological differences between the solitary and multicentric forms. @entity75 generally have a favorable prognosis if totally removed, with a 10% recurrence rate; incompletely resected lesions recur. We report the case of a 9-year-old @entity1 who came to our attention with a solitary infantile @entity20393 of the calvarium, appearing as a tight-elastic, lightly tender mass in the left frontal area, eroding both the inner and the outer tables. Histopathologically, the specimens showed a spindle-cell @entity5 with dense reticulin fiber network and expression of smooth muscle actin. Fifty-eight months MR follow-up after total removal showed no residual or relapse.

title: XXXX of the cranial vault: case report.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic granuloma']

entities_list: @entity4890 :: ('MESH:D004814', 'Disease') :: ['epidermoid cyst']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity13626 :: ('MESH:D018215', 'Disease') :: ['osteoblastoma']

entities_list: @entity20393 :: ('MESH:D047708', 'Disease') :: ['myofibroma']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'fibrous tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Solitary lesions']

entities_list: @entity1222 :: ('MESH:D006646', 'Disease') :: ['Langerhans cell histiocytosis']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesions']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma']

entities_list: @entity14972 :: ('MESH:C562978', 'Disease') :: ['Infantile myofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal disorder']

answer: @entity14972 :: (MESH:C562978,Disease) :: ['Solitary infantile myofibromatosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The transinguinal preperitoneal (TIPP) technique uses a preperitoneal mesh preformed with a permanent @entity2414 , which greatly facilitates application of Rives' technique. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate our primary results by systematic clinical and ultrasound evaluations more than 1  year after surgery. METHODS: This unicentric study included all consecutive adult @entity1 treated with surgery for a groin @entity547 by the same surgeon using the same technique between December 2006 and December 2008. Any @entity1 who participated in this study had both a systematic clinical and ultrasound control between 6  months and 3  years after surgery. RESULTS: In this study, we performed 145 @entity547 repairs. There was no infection of the mesh and no clinical recurrence; additionally there was an ultrasound recurrence (n  =  3) in 2% of asymptomatic @entity1 and @entity1118 in 4.8% of @entity1 who did not require the consumption of systematic painkillers and are not limited in their activities. CONCLUSIONS: It is feasible to correct a groin @entity547 using a preperitoneal preformed mesh with a permanent @entity2414 . Our study confirms the positive results of P  lissier and colleagues (P  lissier and Ngo, Ann Chir 131:590-594, 2006; P  lissier et al. J Chir 144(4):5S35-5S40, 2007; P  lissier et al. Hernia 11:229-234, 2007; P  lissier et al. Hernia 12:51-56, 2007) and Berrevoet et al. (Hernia 13:243-249, 2009; Langenbeck's Arch Surg 395:557-562, 2010) and is the first study to use a systematic clinical and ultrasound control more than 1  year after surgery. This technique has a low rate of complications, including ultrasound recurrence in 2% of @entity1 without any clinical recurrence and @entity1118 in 4.8% of @entity1 who did not require the consumption of systematic painkillers and are not limited in their activities. This technique consisted of the placement of a patch in the preperitoneal space, which combines the benefits of the anterior approach (i.e., easy technique, short learning curve, low cost) and the preperitoneal placement of the mesh (less recurrence, @entity158 ). This procedure is a good alternative to Lichtenstein's technique.

title: Transinguinal preperitoneal groin @entity547 repair using a preperitoneal mesh preformed with a permanent XXXX : a good alternative to Lichtenstein's technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['less pain']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory ring']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity2414 :: (MESH:D008569,Disease) :: ['memory ring']


abstract: PURPOSE: The transinguinal preperitoneal (TIPP) technique uses a preperitoneal mesh preformed with a permanent @entity2414 , which greatly facilitates application of Rives' technique. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate our primary results by systematic clinical and ultrasound evaluations more than 1  year after surgery. METHODS: This unicentric study included all consecutive adult @entity1 treated with surgery for a groin @entity547 by the same surgeon using the same technique between December 2006 and December 2008. Any @entity1 who participated in this study had both a systematic clinical and ultrasound control between 6  months and 3  years after surgery. RESULTS: In this study, we performed 145 @entity547 repairs. There was no infection of the mesh and no clinical recurrence; additionally there was an ultrasound recurrence (n  =  3) in 2% of asymptomatic @entity1 and @entity1118 in 4.8% of @entity1 who did not require the consumption of systematic painkillers and are not limited in their activities. CONCLUSIONS: It is feasible to correct a groin @entity547 using a preperitoneal preformed mesh with a permanent @entity2414 . Our study confirms the positive results of P  lissier and colleagues (P  lissier and Ngo, Ann Chir 131:590-594, 2006; P  lissier et al. J Chir 144(4):5S35-5S40, 2007; P  lissier et al. Hernia 11:229-234, 2007; P  lissier et al. Hernia 12:51-56, 2007) and Berrevoet et al. (Hernia 13:243-249, 2009; Langenbeck's Arch Surg 395:557-562, 2010) and is the first study to use a systematic clinical and ultrasound control more than 1  year after surgery. This technique has a low rate of complications, including ultrasound recurrence in 2% of @entity1 without any clinical recurrence and @entity1118 in 4.8% of @entity1 who did not require the consumption of systematic painkillers and are not limited in their activities. This technique consisted of the placement of a patch in the preperitoneal space, which combines the benefits of the anterior approach (i.e., easy technique, short learning curve, low cost) and the preperitoneal placement of the mesh (less recurrence, @entity158 ). This procedure is a good alternative to Lichtenstein's technique.

title: Transinguinal preperitoneal groin XXXX repair using a preperitoneal mesh preformed with a permanent @entity2414 : a good alternative to Lichtenstein's technique.

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['hernia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Accumulating evidence suggests that not all @entity5 chemotherapy @entity1 who receive first-cycle pegfilgrastim prophylaxis continue to receive it in subsequent cycles and that these @entity1 may be subsequently at higher risk of @entity1398 ( @entity1398 ). Additional evidence from US clinical practice is warranted. METHODS: Data from two US private healthcare claims repositories were employed. The source population comprised adults who received "intermediate-risk" or "high-risk" chemotherapy regimens for solid @entity5 or @entity1893 and first-cycle pegfilgrastim prophylaxis. From the source population, all @entity1 who did not receive second-cycle pegfilgrastim prophylaxis ("comparison @entity1 ") were matched (1:1) to those who received it ("pegfilgrastim @entity1 ") based on @entity5 , regimen, and propensity score. Odds ratios (OR) for @entity1398 -broad and narrow definitions-during the second chemotherapy cycle were estimated for comparison @entity1 versus pegfilgrastim @entity1 using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: A total of 2245 comparison @entity1 (5.3  % of source population) were matched to pegfilgrastim @entity1 ; cohorts were well-balanced on baseline characteristics. Second-cycle @entity1398 incidence proportions for comparison and pegfilgrastim @entity1 were 3.8 versus 2.2  % based on broad definition and 2.6 versus 0.8  % based on narrow definition; corresponding OR were 1.7 (95  % CI 1.2-2.5, p   =   0.002) and 3.5 (95  % CI 2.0-6.0, p   <   0.001). Results were similar within @entity5 /regimen-subgroups and were robust when using alternative methods for confounding adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective evaluation of @entity5 chemotherapy @entity1 who received first-cycle pegfilgrastim prophylaxis in US clinical practice, a clinically relevant minority did not receive second-cycle prophylaxis. Second-cycle @entity1398 odds among this subset were significantly higher than they were among those who continued prophylaxis.

title: Risk of chemotherapy-induced XXXX with early discontinuation of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis in US clinical practice.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['FN', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity1398 :: (MESH:D009503,Disease) :: ['febrile neutropenia']


abstract: We evaluated the predictive ability of FRAX   in a cohort of 815 Japanese @entity1 . The observed 10-year @entity174 rate did not differ significantly from that predicted by FRAX  . The predictive ability of FRAX   without femoral neck @entity79 ( @entity79 ) was similar to that with femoral neck @entity79 . INTRODUCTION: We evaluated the ability of the Japanese version of FRAX  , a World Health Organization @entity174 risk assessment tool, to predict the 10-year probability of @entity3604 . METHODS: Self-reported major @entity3604 (N = 43) and @entity173 (N = 4) events were ascertained in the 10-year follow-up survey of the Japanese Population-Based @entity170 Cohort Study. @entity1 were 815 @entity1 aged 40-74 years at the baseline survey. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis compared FRAX   with multiple logistic models based on age, body weight, and femoral neck @entity79 . RESULTS: The number of observed major @entity3604 or @entity173 events did not differ significantly from the number of events predicted by the FRAX   model (with or without @entity79 ). The area under the curve (AUC) value for FRAX   with @entity79 for predicting major @entity3604 was similar to that of a logistic model with age, body weight, and @entity79 (0.69 vs. 0.71, respectively; p = 0.198); the AUC of FRAX   with @entity79 for predicting @entity173 was similar to that of a model based on age and @entity79 (0.88 vs. 0.89, respectively; p = 0.164). The AUCs of FRAX   without @entity79 for predicting major @entity173 were similar to those with @entity79 (0.69 vs. 0.67, respectively; p = 0.121; 0.88 vs. 0.86, respectively; p = 0.445). CONCLUSIONS: The Japanese version of FRAX   without @entity79 estimated the 10-year probability of @entity3604 in this population with few clinical risk factors as similar to that of FRAX   with @entity79 .

title: @entity174 risk prediction using FRAX  : a 10-year follow-up survey of the Japanese Population-Based XXXX (JPOS) Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fracture', 'osteoporotic fractures', 'osteoporotic']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic and hip fractures', 'hip fractures', 'hip fracture']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['Osteoporosis']


abstract: We evaluated the predictive ability of FRAX   in a cohort of 815 Japanese @entity1 . The observed 10-year @entity174 rate did not differ significantly from that predicted by FRAX  . The predictive ability of FRAX   without femoral neck @entity79 ( @entity79 ) was similar to that with femoral neck @entity79 . INTRODUCTION: We evaluated the ability of the Japanese version of FRAX  , a World Health Organization @entity174 risk assessment tool, to predict the 10-year probability of @entity3604 . METHODS: Self-reported major @entity3604 (N = 43) and @entity173 (N = 4) events were ascertained in the 10-year follow-up survey of the Japanese Population-Based @entity170 Cohort Study. @entity1 were 815 @entity1 aged 40-74 years at the baseline survey. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis compared FRAX   with multiple logistic models based on age, body weight, and femoral neck @entity79 . RESULTS: The number of observed major @entity3604 or @entity173 events did not differ significantly from the number of events predicted by the FRAX   model (with or without @entity79 ). The area under the curve (AUC) value for FRAX   with @entity79 for predicting major @entity3604 was similar to that of a logistic model with age, body weight, and @entity79 (0.69 vs. 0.71, respectively; p = 0.198); the AUC of FRAX   with @entity79 for predicting @entity173 was similar to that of a model based on age and @entity79 (0.88 vs. 0.89, respectively; p = 0.164). The AUCs of FRAX   without @entity79 for predicting major @entity173 were similar to those with @entity79 (0.69 vs. 0.67, respectively; p = 0.121; 0.88 vs. 0.86, respectively; p = 0.445). CONCLUSIONS: The Japanese version of FRAX   without @entity79 estimated the 10-year probability of @entity3604 in this population with few clinical risk factors as similar to that of FRAX   with @entity79 .

title: XXXX risk prediction using FRAX  : a 10-year follow-up survey of the Japanese Population-Based @entity170 (JPOS) Cohort Study.

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Fracture']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Shifts in ecosystem structure have been observed over recent decades as woody plants encroach upon grasslands and wetlands globally. The migration of mangrove forests into salt marsh ecosystems is one such shift which could have important implications for global 'blue @entity505 ' stocks. To date, attempts to quantify changes in ecosystem function are essentially constrained to climate-mediated pulses (30  years or less) of encroachment occurring at the thermal limits of mangroves. In this study, we track the continuous, lateral encroachment of mangroves into two south-eastern Australian salt marshes over a period of 70  years and quantify corresponding changes in biomass and belowground C stores. Substantial increases in biomass and belowground C stores have resulted as mangroves replaced salt marsh at both marine and estuarine sites. After 30  years, aboveground biomass was significantly higher than salt marsh, with biomass continuing to increase with mangrove age. Biomass increased at the mesohaline river site by 130      18  @entity4612 biomass km(-2)   yr(-1) (mean      SE), a 2.5 times higher rate than the marine embayment site (52      10  @entity4612 biomass km(-2) yr(-1) ), suggesting local constraints on biomass production. At both sites, and across all vegetation categories, belowground C considerably outweighed aboveground biomass stocks, with belowground C stocks increasing at up to 230      62  @entity4612  C  km(-2) yr(-1) (    SE) as mangrove forests developed. Over the past 70  years, we estimate mangrove encroachment may have already enhanced intertidal biomass by up to 283  097  @entity4612 and belowground C stocks by over 500  000  @entity4612 in the state of New South Wales alone. Under changing climatic conditions and rising sea levels, global blue @entity505 storage may be enhanced as mangrove encroachment becomes more widespread, thereby countering global warming.

title: Seventy years of continuous encroachment substantially increases 'blue XXXX ' capacity as mangroves replace intertidal salt marshes.

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of contralateral electrographic involvement on memory performance (measured by neuropsychological and Wada memory testing) in @entity1 with @entity302 associated with @entity3877 ( @entity3877 ). METHODS: We studied 51 @entity1 with medically-refractory @entity302 associated with unilateral @entity3877 (27 @entity1 , 30/51, left @entity3877 ) submitted to prolonged non-invasive video-EEG monitoring and bilateral Wada testing. According to ictal electrographic involvement, @entity1 were classified as: Contralateral ictal involvement, when one or more @entity410 evolved with rhythmic activity in the temporal region contralateral to the @entity3877 or exclusive ipsilateral ictal involvement if all @entity410 showed ictal EEG activity exclusively on the @entity3877 side. Wada testing involved a twelve-item memory paradigm. Wada memory asymmetry score was calculated for each @entity1 subtracting the number of recalled items after injection on the lesion side from the number of recalled items after contralateral injection. Expected asymmetry (EA) was considered if Wada memory asymmetry>0, and Symmetrical or Reversed memory asymmetry (S-RA) when  <=0. Neuropsychological testing was applied in the 51 @entity1 and in 40 healthy controls. Verbal Memory was evaluated with the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), considering the number of recalled items on immediate recall after the initial five consecutive encoding trials (RAVLT 6), a post-interference delayed (30min) recall (RAVLT 7), and recall after 7days. Nonverbal memory was tested with Wechsler Memory Scale-III ( @entity3297 -III) Faces subtests 1 e 2. RESULTS: Groups did not differ in demographic, clinical and video-EEG monitoring variables. S-RA was observed more frequently in the group with contralateral ictal involvement (57.2% vs. 27.0%; p: 0.03). Logistic regression analysis considering demographic, clinical, hippocampal volume and video-EEG monitoring variables showed contralateral ictal involvement as the only independent variable associated with S-RA (coefficient=1.32, p=0.029, odds ratio 3.77; 95% CI 1.1-12.47). Additionally, the @entity1 group with contralateral ictal EEG involvement displayed worse verbal and nonverbal memory scores compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSION: In this cohort of unilateral @entity3877 @entity1 , contralateral ictal involvement was associated with decreased memory performance on Wada and on neuropsychological testing.

title: Contralateral ictal electrographic involvement is associated with decreased memory performance in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3877 :: ('MESH:C566903', 'Disease') :: ['MTS', 'unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity3877 :: (MESH:C566903,Disease) :: ['unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis']


abstract: A 59-year-old Japanese @entity1 was incidentally discovered to have @entity1127 in the duodenum by endoscopy during a health checkup. Laboratory studies showed an elevated level of serum @entity1943 . The mutation of the @entity16857 gene was not observed. An endoscopic examination revealed @entity75 in the bulbus and in the second portion of the duodenum. An upper gastrointestinal series also showed the @entity75 in the bulbus, and in the descending and horizontal portions of the duodenum. The biopsy specimen showed small monotonous cells with round nuclei compatible with a @entity5 . The @entity5 cells were positive for @entity1943 and @entity8243 . Based on the clinical diagnosis of @entity4303 of the duodenum, a pancreas-sparing duodenectomy was performed. Macroscopic findings showed about 30 polypoid lesions throughout the duodenum. The biggest one was not over 10 mm in size. A histological examination revealed well-demarcated @entity5 located in the submucosal layer. Immunohistochemically, the @entity5 were diffusely positive for @entity1943 and were scatteringly positive for @entity8243 . The @entity1 's postoperative course of treatment was uneventful and his postoperative serum @entity1943 went down to normal range. The pancreas-sparing duodenectomy is a safe and effective treatment in @entity1 with @entity4303 of the duodenum, that are smaller than 1 cm in size.

title: Multiple XXXX - and @entity8243 -containing carcinoids of the duodenum: report of a case treated by pancreas-sparing duodenectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['multiple polyps']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multiple polypoid lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'carcinoid tumors', 'carcinoid tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['multiple carcinoids']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity1943 :: (MESH:D013004,Chemical) :: ['somatostatin']


abstract: A 59-year-old Japanese @entity1 was incidentally discovered to have @entity1127 in the duodenum by endoscopy during a health checkup. Laboratory studies showed an elevated level of serum @entity1943 . The mutation of the @entity16857 gene was not observed. An endoscopic examination revealed @entity75 in the bulbus and in the second portion of the duodenum. An upper gastrointestinal series also showed the @entity75 in the bulbus, and in the descending and horizontal portions of the duodenum. The biopsy specimen showed small monotonous cells with round nuclei compatible with a @entity5 . The @entity5 cells were positive for @entity1943 and @entity8243 . Based on the clinical diagnosis of @entity4303 of the duodenum, a pancreas-sparing duodenectomy was performed. Macroscopic findings showed about 30 polypoid lesions throughout the duodenum. The biggest one was not over 10 mm in size. A histological examination revealed well-demarcated @entity5 located in the submucosal layer. Immunohistochemically, the @entity5 were diffusely positive for @entity1943 and were scatteringly positive for @entity8243 . The @entity1 's postoperative course of treatment was uneventful and his postoperative serum @entity1943 went down to normal range. The pancreas-sparing duodenectomy is a safe and effective treatment in @entity1 with @entity4303 of the duodenum, that are smaller than 1 cm in size.

title: Multiple @entity1943 - and XXXX -containing carcinoids of the duodenum: report of a case treated by pancreas-sparing duodenectomy.

answer: @entity8243 :: (2520,Gene) :: ['gastrin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1637 have traditionally been treated with surgical excision; however, their excellent long-term prognosis has popularized conservative and minimally invasive ablative techniques. We evaluated the evolving management and natural history of @entity8880 and investigated the relationship between radiological and histopathological diagnosis. METHODS: We performed a 17-year retrospective cohort study on all @entity1 with a confirmed histopathological diagnosis of @entity8880 . The primary outcome variables were long-term outcomes, coexistence with @entity1358 , and development of @entity3 . RESULTS: A total of 38 @entity1637 were reported in 36 @entity1 . Of the 36 @entity1 , 29 (81%) were diagnosed incidentally. @entity1637 was considered in the differential diagnosis in 4 @entity1637 (10.5%). In total, 34 @entity1 underwent early surgical intervention; of these, 27 (79.4%) underwent radical nephrectomy and 7 underwent partial nephrectomy (20.6%). Four @entity1 (11.1%) were managed conservatively with surveillance. No @entity1 developed recurrence or @entity3 after a median follow-up of 84 months (range: 4-178). CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic accuracy for imaging modalities in @entity8880 is poor. Surveillance or minimally invasive ablative techniques are appropriate in selected @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity1637 that are not increasing in size.

title: Dilemmas in diagnosis and natural history of XXXX and implications for management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8880 :: ('MESH:C537750', 'Disease') :: ['renal oncocytomas', 'renal oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity1637 :: ('MESH:D018249', 'Disease') :: ['oncocytoma', 'Oncocytomas', 'oncocytomas', 'Oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity8880 :: (MESH:C537750,Disease) :: ['renal oncocytoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of our study was to report the status of @entity5 sites in the urology department at the University Hospital of Rabat and evaluate long-term results of surgical treatment of this @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 1989 and 2015, 10 @entity1 were treated for @entity5 . 10 cases were retrospectively reviewed and the following data were recorded: mode of revelation, seat, staging, TNM stage, treatment, evolution and survival. The mean age of @entity1 was 58,1 years (48-81 years). All @entity1 had @entity957 . Six @entity1 had a partial amputation of the penis, and three @entity1 underwent total amputation. The median size of the lesion was 4.25 cm (1.5-8 cm). All @entity5 had a distal seat (gland- Furrow balanopreputial), 8 were localized and non-invasive ( @entity2558 - PT2) and 2 had infiltrated the urethra ( @entity1803 ). Four @entity1 had lymph node localization. A single bilateral lymphadenectomy was performed and was positive only on one side, with a node <3 cm and no extracapsular extension. Two @entity1 were referred for chemotherapy, a neoadjuvant referred to basic ( @entity1732 - @entity1499 , @entity900 ) the other in a palliative goal. Median follow-up was 42 months (6 -72mois). Four @entity1 died, one of which was presented immediately with metastatic mode. Six @entity1 were alive at last node or local recurrence negative. @entity5 seems rare in Morocco. His oncologic and functional outcomes (sexual and urinary) depend on the precocity of the treatment. The surgery of lymph node resection with lymphadenectomy remains the reference treatment.

title: XXXX : about ten cases at the University Hospital of Rabat, review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['penile cancer', 'Cancer of the penis', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the penis']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['Bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Penile cancer']


abstract: 1. This study examined optimal @entity376 and sulphur @entity535 supply in the first week posthatch in broilers and the relationship between essential @entity1522 and dietary crude protein during the first week posthatch on performance at 7 d and through marketing. 2. The optimal supply during the 7 d posthatch using a 230 g/kg crude protein diet for sulphur @entity1522 was 9.1 and for @entity376 was 10.3-10.8 g/kg with maximal body weight (BW) or feed efficiency as the criteria. 3. Feeding diets with crude protein content ranging from 200 to 260 g/kg with either constant amounts of essential @entity1522 at different crude protein levels or constant ratios of essential @entity1522 to crude protein resulted in enhanced performance at 7 but not at 4 d with high protein intake and proportionally increased essential @entity1522 . 4. Performance on diets with crude protein ranging from 160 to 280 g/kg, with constant ratios of essential @entity535 to crude protein, was much enhanced with the high crude protein diets at 7 d. All chicks were transferred to standard diets after 7 d and the BW advantage due to the balanced @entity535 -high crude protein diet remained through marketing. 5. Thus increasing essential @entity1522 in a constant ratio to crude protein enhanced performance during the 7 d posthatch.

title: Crude protein and essential XXXX requirements in chicks during the first week posthatch.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: Aim. In this study we examined the influence of @entity26249 ( @entity26250 ) on the neuroprotective effects of @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ) in the @entity2955 - ( @entity2955 ) lesioned @entity35 model of @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Methods. Levels in the redox system, @entity935 (DA) metabolism, dopaminergic neuronal survival, and apoptosis of the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum, as well as the rotational behavior of animals were examined after a 50-day administration of @entity6172 + @entity26250 (or @entity6172 ) and/or @entity3034 ( @entity3034 ) to @entity191 @entity35 . Ethics Committee of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University approved the protocol (number SYXK2009-0082). Results. Administration of @entity6172 or @entity26250 alone did not show any significant effects on the factors evaluated in the @entity191 @entity35 . However, in the @entity6172 + @entity26250 group, we observed markedly decreased oxidative damage, inhibition of DA metabolism and enhanced DA synthesis, increased @entity4149 hydroxylase- (TH-) immunopositive neuronal survival, and delayed apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the SN. Animal rotational behavior was improved in the @entity6172 + @entity26250 group. Additionally, coadministration of @entity6172 + @entity26250 appeared to offset the possible oxidative @entity2359 induced by @entity3034 . Conclusion. In this study, we demonstrated that @entity26249 allowed occurrence of the neuroprotective effect of @entity2041 probably due to inhibition of P-glycoprotein on @entity2955 -lesioned @entity35 models of @entity191 , including @entity35 undergoing long-term @entity3034 treatment.

title: Enhanced Neuroprotective Effects of Coadministration of XXXX with @entity2041 in Preclinical Model of @entity191 .

entities_list: @entity3034 :: ('MESH:D007980', 'Chemical') :: ['L-dopa', 'L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['PD', "Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity26249 :: ('MESH:C009438', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrandrine']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine', '6-OHDA-']

answer: @entity26249 :: (MESH:C009438,Chemical) :: ['Tetrandrine']


abstract: Aim. In this study we examined the influence of @entity26249 ( @entity26250 ) on the neuroprotective effects of @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ) in the @entity2955 - ( @entity2955 ) lesioned @entity35 model of @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Methods. Levels in the redox system, @entity935 (DA) metabolism, dopaminergic neuronal survival, and apoptosis of the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum, as well as the rotational behavior of animals were examined after a 50-day administration of @entity6172 + @entity26250 (or @entity6172 ) and/or @entity3034 ( @entity3034 ) to @entity191 @entity35 . Ethics Committee of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University approved the protocol (number SYXK2009-0082). Results. Administration of @entity6172 or @entity26250 alone did not show any significant effects on the factors evaluated in the @entity191 @entity35 . However, in the @entity6172 + @entity26250 group, we observed markedly decreased oxidative damage, inhibition of DA metabolism and enhanced DA synthesis, increased @entity4149 hydroxylase- (TH-) immunopositive neuronal survival, and delayed apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the SN. Animal rotational behavior was improved in the @entity6172 + @entity26250 group. Additionally, coadministration of @entity6172 + @entity26250 appeared to offset the possible oxidative @entity2359 induced by @entity3034 . Conclusion. In this study, we demonstrated that @entity26249 allowed occurrence of the neuroprotective effect of @entity2041 probably due to inhibition of P-glycoprotein on @entity2955 -lesioned @entity35 models of @entity191 , including @entity35 undergoing long-term @entity3034 treatment.

title: Enhanced Neuroprotective Effects of Coadministration of @entity26249 with @entity2041 in Preclinical Model of XXXX .

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's Disease']


abstract: Aim. In this study we examined the influence of @entity26249 ( @entity26250 ) on the neuroprotective effects of @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ) in the @entity2955 - ( @entity2955 ) lesioned @entity35 model of @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Methods. Levels in the redox system, @entity935 (DA) metabolism, dopaminergic neuronal survival, and apoptosis of the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum, as well as the rotational behavior of animals were examined after a 50-day administration of @entity6172 + @entity26250 (or @entity6172 ) and/or @entity3034 ( @entity3034 ) to @entity191 @entity35 . Ethics Committee of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University approved the protocol (number SYXK2009-0082). Results. Administration of @entity6172 or @entity26250 alone did not show any significant effects on the factors evaluated in the @entity191 @entity35 . However, in the @entity6172 + @entity26250 group, we observed markedly decreased oxidative damage, inhibition of DA metabolism and enhanced DA synthesis, increased @entity4149 hydroxylase- (TH-) immunopositive neuronal survival, and delayed apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the SN. Animal rotational behavior was improved in the @entity6172 + @entity26250 group. Additionally, coadministration of @entity6172 + @entity26250 appeared to offset the possible oxidative @entity2359 induced by @entity3034 . Conclusion. In this study, we demonstrated that @entity26249 allowed occurrence of the neuroprotective effect of @entity2041 probably due to inhibition of P-glycoprotein on @entity2955 -lesioned @entity35 models of @entity191 , including @entity35 undergoing long-term @entity3034 treatment.

title: Enhanced Neuroprotective Effects of Coadministration of @entity26249 with XXXX in Preclinical Model of @entity191 .

answer: @entity2041 :: (MESH:D005978,Chemical) :: ['Glutathione']


abstract: We report bowel complications on a series of 32 @entity1 treated with wide field abdominal irradiation for @entity706 between 1979 and 1983. Irradiation was preceded by chemotherapy in 30/32 @entity1 . Fifteen of the 32 @entity1 received total abdominal irradiation and 17/32 received upper hemi-abdominal irradiation to a dose of 20-25 Gy. A boost of 5-20 Gy to a reduced volume was added in 14/32. A special diet was prescribed from the start of irradiation. Immediate tolerance to irradiation was good in 94% of @entity1 . Only five @entity1 developed @entity29 . Definite radiation-induced bowel changes were demonstrated in only two of these cases and other pathology was found to explain the symptomatology in the remaining three. Comparison with a previous series of 50 @entity706 @entity1 treated with total abdominal irradiation to 30 Gy plus inverted Y boost to 10 Gy demonstrated a net improvement in the immediate tolerance and reduction in the incidence and gravity of delayed @entity29 in the current series. The reasons for the improved early and late bowel tolerance (radiation dose and volume, etc.) as well as conditions which can mimic late radiation @entity1681 , will be discussed.

title: Intestinal complications of wide field abdominal irradiation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['radiation-related bowel complications', 'delayed bowel complications']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1681 :: ('MESH:D004751', 'Disease') :: ['enteritis']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of risk factors for @entity301 ( @entity301 ) in a lower middle-class urban community of @entity233 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional study in an age- and sex-stratified random community sample with equal sample size per stratum. Direct age-standardization using the standard world population to allow international comparison of findings. @entity2357 modelling to identify risk factors for @entity28 . SETTING: G  lveren, a residential area in Ankara, total population 23,000 @entity1 . @entity1 : A total of 1672 adults aged 25-64 years and resident in the study community were interviewed, 1272 (76.1%) of those came for physical examination. MAIN RESULTS: The age-standardized prevalence of @entity101 according to WHO MONICA criteria was 18.6% (95% confidence interval: 16.1-21.1%) among @entity1 and 12.3% (9.7-14.9%) among @entity1 ; of @entity28 (body mass index, BMI > or =30 kg/m2) 51.0% (47.6-54.3%) among @entity1 and 15.1% (12.0-18.2%) among @entity1 ; of current smoking 20.1% (17.5-22.6%) among @entity1 and 64.8% (61.4-68.2%) among @entity1 ; of hypercholesterolaemia 20.1% (17.4-22.9%) among @entity1 and 13.8% (10.8-16.8%) among @entity1 ; and of low high density lipoprotein (HDL) 48.4% (44.8-52.1%) among @entity1 and 40.6% (36.0-45.2%) among @entity1 . In the regression model, age, female sex, non- and ex-smoking were associated with @entity28 . CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of smoking, @entity28 and low HDL is high in this urban, lower middle-class population, even in comparison with industrialized countries. Unexpectedly, @entity1 have less favourable @entity301 risk profiles than @entity1 , except for smoking. Preventive action should be community-wide and address the common risk factors simultaneously to avoid replacement effects such as becoming @entity28 after quitting smoking.

title: Cardiovascular risk factor levels in a lower middle-class community in Ankara, XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Logistic regression']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ), a disease entity comprising @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) and @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ), is a frequent and potentially life-threatening event. To date different agents are available for the effective treatment of acute @entity1211 and the prevention of recurrence. For several years, the standard of care was the subcutaneous application of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or fondaparinux, followed by a @entity2067 antagonist (VKA). The so-called direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) were introduced rather recently in clinical practice for the treatment of @entity1211 . DOAC seem to have a favorable risk-benefit profile compared to VKA. Moreover, DOAC significantly simplify @entity1211 treatment because they are administered in fixed doses and no routine monitoring is needed. @entity1 with objectively diagnosed @entity1150 or @entity1151 should receive therapeutic anticoagulation for a minimum of 3   months. Whether a @entity1 ought to receive extended treatment needs to be evaluated on an individual basis, depending mainly on risk factors determined by characteristics of the @entity715 event and @entity1 -related factors. In specific @entity1 groups (e.g., pregnant @entity1 , @entity5 @entity1 , and elderly @entity1 ), treatment of @entity1211 is more challenging than that in the general population and additional issues need to be considered in those @entity1 . The aim of this review is to give an overview of the currently available treatment modalities of acute @entity1211 and secondary prophylaxis. In particular, specific aspects regarding the initiation of @entity1211 treatment, duration of anticoagulation, and specific @entity1 groups will be discussed.

title: Anticoagulant Treatment of @entity1150 and XXXX : The Present State of the Art.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thromboembolism', 'VTE']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary Embolism']


abstract: @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ), a disease entity comprising @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) and @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ), is a frequent and potentially life-threatening event. To date different agents are available for the effective treatment of acute @entity1211 and the prevention of recurrence. For several years, the standard of care was the subcutaneous application of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or fondaparinux, followed by a @entity2067 antagonist (VKA). The so-called direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) were introduced rather recently in clinical practice for the treatment of @entity1211 . DOAC seem to have a favorable risk-benefit profile compared to VKA. Moreover, DOAC significantly simplify @entity1211 treatment because they are administered in fixed doses and no routine monitoring is needed. @entity1 with objectively diagnosed @entity1150 or @entity1151 should receive therapeutic anticoagulation for a minimum of 3   months. Whether a @entity1 ought to receive extended treatment needs to be evaluated on an individual basis, depending mainly on risk factors determined by characteristics of the @entity715 event and @entity1 -related factors. In specific @entity1 groups (e.g., pregnant @entity1 , @entity5 @entity1 , and elderly @entity1 ), treatment of @entity1211 is more challenging than that in the general population and additional issues need to be considered in those @entity1 . The aim of this review is to give an overview of the currently available treatment modalities of acute @entity1211 and secondary prophylaxis. In particular, specific aspects regarding the initiation of @entity1211 treatment, duration of anticoagulation, and specific @entity1 groups will be discussed.

title: Anticoagulant Treatment of XXXX and @entity1151 : The Present State of the Art.

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['Deep Vein Thrombosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 with @entity3271 like clear cells have never been reported from Pakistan. We aimed to see the features and outcomes of this rare entity. METHODS: It was retrospective cohort conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery, Aga Khan University from 2003 to 2013. The medical records and radiology of @entity1 with proven histopathology were reviewed. Analysis was done on SPSS 20. RESULTS: Eleven cases of @entity5 with clear cells were found, which equated to 1.5% of the total @entity5 burden in 11 years. The median age was 49 years. Most common presenting symptom was @entity10 54.5%. Out of 11 @entity1 , 9 @entity1 had a @entity5 . Magnetic resonance imaging showed hypointense signals on T1 and hyperintense signals on T2-weighted images in all cases. Contrast enhancement was found in 9 @entity1 (77.8%), @entity39 and @entity548 was found in 4 (36%) and 3 (27%) @entity1 , respectively. Immunohistochemistry showed glial fibrillary acidic protein and epithelial membrane antigen positivity in all cases. Ki-67 showed high proliferative index in 6 @entity1 . According to the World Health Organization grading of @entity5 , 2 @entity1 had @entity5 , and 9 @entity1 had @entity5 with clear cells. Gross total resection was achieved in 6 (54.5%) and subtotal resection in 5 @entity1 (45.4%). Recurrence was observed in 9 @entity1 . Six @entity1 died of the disease. Median progression-free survival and overall survival was 8 months and 10 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity5 with clear cells presented more commonly in @entity75 and were more aggressive in behavior with poorer outcome compared to similar studies.

title: @entity5 with XXXX like clear cells: Experience from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'supratentorial tumor', 'ependymal tumors', 'Grade III tumors', 'Grade II tumors', 'Ependymal tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Grade III lesions']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity3271 :: (MESH:D009837,Disease) :: ['oligodendroglioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 with @entity3271 like clear cells have never been reported from Pakistan. We aimed to see the features and outcomes of this rare entity. METHODS: It was retrospective cohort conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery, Aga Khan University from 2003 to 2013. The medical records and radiology of @entity1 with proven histopathology were reviewed. Analysis was done on SPSS 20. RESULTS: Eleven cases of @entity5 with clear cells were found, which equated to 1.5% of the total @entity5 burden in 11 years. The median age was 49 years. Most common presenting symptom was @entity10 54.5%. Out of 11 @entity1 , 9 @entity1 had a @entity5 . Magnetic resonance imaging showed hypointense signals on T1 and hyperintense signals on T2-weighted images in all cases. Contrast enhancement was found in 9 @entity1 (77.8%), @entity39 and @entity548 was found in 4 (36%) and 3 (27%) @entity1 , respectively. Immunohistochemistry showed glial fibrillary acidic protein and epithelial membrane antigen positivity in all cases. Ki-67 showed high proliferative index in 6 @entity1 . According to the World Health Organization grading of @entity5 , 2 @entity1 had @entity5 , and 9 @entity1 had @entity5 with clear cells. Gross total resection was achieved in 6 (54.5%) and subtotal resection in 5 @entity1 (45.4%). Recurrence was observed in 9 @entity1 . Six @entity1 died of the disease. Median progression-free survival and overall survival was 8 months and 10 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity5 with clear cells presented more commonly in @entity75 and were more aggressive in behavior with poorer outcome compared to similar studies.

title: XXXX with @entity3271 like clear cells: Experience from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Ependymal tumors']


abstract: An 88-year-old @entity1 , with a history of resection of @entity5 in 1998, was referred to our hospital in August 2010 complaining of upper @entity490 , @entity391 , and dark brown stools. After endoscopic examination, she was admitted with a diagnosis of @entity11247 . Vomiting ecurred when food intake was resumed after fasting. @entity1321 was suspected on abdominal radiography, and @entity1744 was confirmed by contrast-enhanced imaging after placement of an ileus tube. A small @entity4056 with intussusception was detected by computed tomography. At laparotomy, there was no ascites. Intussusception was found due to an @entity5 located approximately 50 cm from the ileocecal valve, and we performed partial small bowel resection. The resected small intestine contained a @entity5 approximately 40 mm in diameter that had penetrated the bowel wall to reach the serosa. Pathological examination revealed a @entity5 that showed poor continuity with the surrounding mucosa, while the histology was @entity957 . Immunohistochemistry showed that the @entity5 was @entity5822 positive, @entity2225 negative, @entity10922 negative, and @entity7434 positive. Based on these findings, we made a diagnosis of small intestinal metastasis at 12 years after radical resection of @entity957 of the lung.

title: Ileal Intussusception Due to Metastasis from XXXX of the Lung Resected 12 Years Previously.

entities_list: @entity11247 :: ('MESH:D008309', 'Disease') :: ['Mallory-Weiss syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'ileal tumor', 'stage IIA lung cancer', 'submucosal tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity4056 :: ('MESH:D007414', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal tumor']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['Intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['complete small bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Squamous Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: Each year, new antimicrobials are found or synthesized in an effort to improve the chance of overcoming @entity281 . In the early 1950s, the only antibiotic available for ocular use was @entity114 . Today, ophthalmologists can make a choice from a large selection of antibiotics for @entity5517 . The majority of antibiotics have been literally unearthed, since worldwide soil surveys may have been the means of their discovery. In addition, synthetic derivatives of @entity114 , @entity2886 , @entity581 , and @entity2930 , as well as drugs against @entity378 and fungi, have become available, and new names have been added to the already bewildering list of less frequently used @entity13135 . However, it takes several years to appreciate the impact of new agents and the continued contribution of older ones. Constant reevaluation is mandatory. The real benefits as well as the untoward effects of a new antimicrobial agent may not be known until several years after the clinical introduction. In addition to approaching infection from the viewpoint of the offending organism and a specific antibiotic to address this organism, one may also approach this problem from the host's immunity. Until now, we have relied largely on the @entity288 , but one must also consider various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and, even more importantly, the development of drugs to enhance the host's natural immunity.

title: Update on antibiotics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5517 :: ('MESH:D015817', 'Disease') :: ['ocular infections']

entities_list: @entity2930 :: ('MESH:D013754', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracyclines']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity13135 :: ('MESH:D013449', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfonamides']

entities_list: @entity2886 :: ('MESH:D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporins']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity5517 :: (MESH:D015817,Disease) :: ['ocular infections']


abstract: Hepatic microsomal cytochromes @entity72902 have recently been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from untreated adult @entity35 and identified as distinct isozymes [Ryan et al. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 1239-1250; Haniu et al. (1984) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 235, 304-311]. In Ouchterlony double-diffusion plates, as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blots, purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) raised in @entity95 against cytochromes P-450f or P-450g show strong cross-reactions with the heterologous protein, indicating apparent partial identity. Anti- @entity13234 also show strong cross-reactivity with cytochromes @entity72903 but not with five previously characterized @entity35 hepatic cytochromes, P-450 (i.e., P-450a-P-450e), indicating a high degree of immunochemical and structural relatedness among cytochromes @entity72902 .

title: Evidence for a family of four immunochemically related isozymes of cytochrome P-450 purified from untreated XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: @entity1813 are thought to be important in the pathogenetic mechanism of @entity63 @entity75 . But little is known about lipoxygenase products and their roles in brain. In the present study, lipoxygenase metabolism in the brain and its relevancy to @entity63 @entity2657 were studied using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The @entity35 middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion model was used because the time course of @entity63 @entity4 formation has been well known. The @entity35 brain was fixed by in situ freezing 24 and 72 hours after @entity2500 , and removed. Identification and quantitative analysis of @entity11117 (HETEs) in normal and @entity63 brain homogenates was performed by HPLC and GC-MS. The @entity35 brain was divided into the microvessel (MV) fraction and the rest. Then the same analysis was carried out in the both fractions obtained from the normal @entity35 brain. Only @entity72904 was detected in the normal and @entity63 brain. Quantitatively, normal brains contained 1288 +/- 66 (mean +/- SE) of @entity72904 ng/g wet weight, while the hemispheres rendered @entity63 for 24 and 72 hours after @entity2500 contained 1101 +/- 48, and 1663 +/- 147, respectively. The @entity72904 content was significantly increased 72 hours after @entity2500 (p less than 0.05). The MV fraction of @entity35 brain contained @entity72904 (653 ng/mg protein) ten times as much as the other fraction. The identification of @entity72904 in the @entity35 brain is a new finding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Identification of XXXX in the @entity35 brain and its relevancy to ischemic cerebral edema].

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['brain edema']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCA occlusion']

entities_list: @entity11117 :: ('MESH:D006893', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids']

entities_list: @entity1813 :: ('MESH:D015777', 'Chemical') :: ['Eicosanoids']

answer: @entity72904 :: (MESH:C027356,Chemical) :: ['11-HETE']


abstract: @entity1813 are thought to be important in the pathogenetic mechanism of @entity63 @entity75 . But little is known about lipoxygenase products and their roles in brain. In the present study, lipoxygenase metabolism in the brain and its relevancy to @entity63 @entity2657 were studied using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The @entity35 middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion model was used because the time course of @entity63 @entity4 formation has been well known. The @entity35 brain was fixed by in situ freezing 24 and 72 hours after @entity2500 , and removed. Identification and quantitative analysis of @entity11117 (HETEs) in normal and @entity63 brain homogenates was performed by HPLC and GC-MS. The @entity35 brain was divided into the microvessel (MV) fraction and the rest. Then the same analysis was carried out in the both fractions obtained from the normal @entity35 brain. Only @entity72904 was detected in the normal and @entity63 brain. Quantitatively, normal brains contained 1288 +/- 66 (mean +/- SE) of @entity72904 ng/g wet weight, while the hemispheres rendered @entity63 for 24 and 72 hours after @entity2500 contained 1101 +/- 48, and 1663 +/- 147, respectively. The @entity72904 content was significantly increased 72 hours after @entity2500 (p less than 0.05). The MV fraction of @entity35 brain contained @entity72904 (653 ng/mg protein) ten times as much as the other fraction. The identification of @entity72904 in the @entity35 brain is a new finding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Identification of @entity72904 in the XXXX brain and its relevancy to ischemic cerebral edema].

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ) of the urinary bladder involves etiological factors, such as ethnicity, the environment, genetics, and diet. Cluster of differentiation ( @entity1759 ), a well-known @entity5 marker, plays a crucial role in regulating @entity5 cell differentiation and @entity3 . This study investigated the effect of @entity1759 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on @entity1606 risk and clinicopathological characteristics. Five SNPs of @entity1759 were analyzed through real-time polymerase chain reaction in 275 @entity1 with @entity1606 and 275 @entity1 without @entity5 . In this study, we observed that @entity1759 @entity72905 polymorphism carriers with the genotype of at least one G were associated with @entity1606 risk. Furthermore, @entity1606 @entity1 who carried at least one G allele at @entity1759 @entity72905 had a higher stage risk than did @entity1 carrying the wild-type allele (p   <   0.05). In addition, The AATAC or GACGC haplotype among the five @entity1759 sites was also associated with a reduced risk of @entity1606 . In conclusion, our results suggest that @entity1759 SNPs influence the risk of @entity1606 . @entity1 with @entity1759 @entity72905 variant genotypes (AG   +   GG) exhibited a higher risk of @entity1606 ; these @entity1 may possess chemoresistance to developing late-stage @entity1606 compared with those with the wild-type genotype. The @entity1759 @entity72905 SNP may predict poor prognosis in @entity1 with @entity1606 .

title: Effect of XXXX gene polymorphisms on risk of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['TCC', 'carcinogenesis of transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1759 :: (960,Gene) :: ['CD44']