abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Compared with conventional pharmacological therapies, bariatric surgery has been shown to cause greater and- sustained @entity353 . It was aimed to evaluate @entity353 in @entity28 @entity1 after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding surgery using information typically available during the initial evaluation studied before bariatric surgery and genes. METHODOLOGY: 74 @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) were enrolled. Artificial Neural Network technology was used to predict @entity353 . RESULTS: We studied 74 @entity1 consisting of 22 @entity1 and 52 @entity1 2 years after operation. Mean age was 31.7 +/- 9.1 years. 27 (36.5%) @entity1 had successful @entity353 (excess @entity353 >50%) while 47 (63.5%) did not. ANN provided predicted factors on gender, @entity2690 , @entity2313 and two genes: re4684846_r, @entity31814 _r which were associated with success. CONCLUSION: Artificial neural network is a better modeling technique and the predictive accuracy is higher on the basis of multiple variables related to laboratory tests. Our finding gave demonstrated result that @entity28 @entity1 of successful @entity353 after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding surgery were @entity1 , having little lower @entity2690 and @entity2313 , and carrying GG genotype on @entity73095 and with at least one T allele on @entity31814 . In these cases, @entity353 will give better results.

title: Prediction of successful XXXX after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight reduction', 'weight loss']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight reduction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of ear-electroacupuncture (Ear-EA) on @entity1834 in @entity1 with @entity46 and to explore its underlying mechanism. METHODS: A total of 80 @entity46 @entity1 were randomly and equally divided into ear-EA group and body-EA group. EA (50 Hz, 0.5-0.8 mA) was applied to auricular points (Uterus, Subcortex, Shenmen, Endocrine, etc.) and body acupoints [Tianshu (ST 25), Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao ( @entity8949 ), Diji ( @entity14194 ), Uterus (EX-CA 1), etc.] respectively for 30 min, once every other day for 3 months. @entity1834 severity score (DSS) was assessed and plasma @entity3009 ( @entity1421 ) and @entity9077 levels detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Compared with pre-treatment, DSS lowered significantly during the 1st and 2nd menstrual cycle in body-EA group, and during the 1st, 2nd and 3rd menstruation in ear-EA group; and the DSS of ear-EA group during the 3rd menstruation was evidently lower than that of body-EA group (P < 0.05). During the 3rd menstrual onset after the treatment, plasma @entity1421 contents in both groups decreased obviously (P < 0.01), and plasma @entity9077 , levels increased considerably in comparison with pre-treatment (P < 0.01). Comparison between two groups during the 3rd menstruation showed that plasma @entity1421 level of ear-EA group was markedly lower than that of body-EA group, and @entity9077 , level of ear-EA group was significantly higher than that of body-EA group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between two groups in clinical therapeutic effect (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both ear-EA and body-EA can effectively relieve @entity46 -induced @entity1834 , and the former is superior to the later in reducing @entity158 severity, which may be closely related to their effects in reducing plasma @entity1421 and raising @entity9077 level.

title: [Randomized controlled study on ear-electroacupuncture treatment of @entity46 -induced XXXX in @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['Dysmenorrhea', 'dysmenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity9077 :: ('MESH:D015121', 'Chemical') :: ['6-Keto-PGF1alpha']

answer: @entity1834 :: (MESH:D004412,Disease) :: ['dysmenorrhea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of ear-electroacupuncture (Ear-EA) on @entity1834 in @entity1 with @entity46 and to explore its underlying mechanism. METHODS: A total of 80 @entity46 @entity1 were randomly and equally divided into ear-EA group and body-EA group. EA (50 Hz, 0.5-0.8 mA) was applied to auricular points (Uterus, Subcortex, Shenmen, Endocrine, etc.) and body acupoints [Tianshu (ST 25), Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao ( @entity8949 ), Diji ( @entity14194 ), Uterus (EX-CA 1), etc.] respectively for 30 min, once every other day for 3 months. @entity1834 severity score (DSS) was assessed and plasma @entity3009 ( @entity1421 ) and @entity9077 levels detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Compared with pre-treatment, DSS lowered significantly during the 1st and 2nd menstrual cycle in body-EA group, and during the 1st, 2nd and 3rd menstruation in ear-EA group; and the DSS of ear-EA group during the 3rd menstruation was evidently lower than that of body-EA group (P < 0.05). During the 3rd menstrual onset after the treatment, plasma @entity1421 contents in both groups decreased obviously (P < 0.01), and plasma @entity9077 , levels increased considerably in comparison with pre-treatment (P < 0.01). Comparison between two groups during the 3rd menstruation showed that plasma @entity1421 level of ear-EA group was markedly lower than that of body-EA group, and @entity9077 , level of ear-EA group was significantly higher than that of body-EA group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between two groups in clinical therapeutic effect (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both ear-EA and body-EA can effectively relieve @entity46 -induced @entity1834 , and the former is superior to the later in reducing @entity158 severity, which may be closely related to their effects in reducing plasma @entity1421 and raising @entity9077 level.

title: [Randomized controlled study on ear-electroacupuncture treatment of XXXX -induced @entity1834 in @entity1 ].

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of ear-electroacupuncture (Ear-EA) on @entity1834 in @entity1 with @entity46 and to explore its underlying mechanism. METHODS: A total of 80 @entity46 @entity1 were randomly and equally divided into ear-EA group and body-EA group. EA (50 Hz, 0.5-0.8 mA) was applied to auricular points (Uterus, Subcortex, Shenmen, Endocrine, etc.) and body acupoints [Tianshu (ST 25), Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao ( @entity8949 ), Diji ( @entity14194 ), Uterus (EX-CA 1), etc.] respectively for 30 min, once every other day for 3 months. @entity1834 severity score (DSS) was assessed and plasma @entity3009 ( @entity1421 ) and @entity9077 levels detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Compared with pre-treatment, DSS lowered significantly during the 1st and 2nd menstrual cycle in body-EA group, and during the 1st, 2nd and 3rd menstruation in ear-EA group; and the DSS of ear-EA group during the 3rd menstruation was evidently lower than that of body-EA group (P < 0.05). During the 3rd menstrual onset after the treatment, plasma @entity1421 contents in both groups decreased obviously (P < 0.01), and plasma @entity9077 , levels increased considerably in comparison with pre-treatment (P < 0.01). Comparison between two groups during the 3rd menstruation showed that plasma @entity1421 level of ear-EA group was markedly lower than that of body-EA group, and @entity9077 , level of ear-EA group was significantly higher than that of body-EA group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between two groups in clinical therapeutic effect (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both ear-EA and body-EA can effectively relieve @entity46 -induced @entity1834 , and the former is superior to the later in reducing @entity158 severity, which may be closely related to their effects in reducing plasma @entity1421 and raising @entity9077 level.

title: [Randomized controlled study on ear-electroacupuncture treatment of @entity46 -induced @entity1834 in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Purpose. This paper aims at describing the combined penoscrotal and perineal approach for placement of penile prosthesis in cases of severe corporal @entity82 and @entity2318 . Materials and methods. Three @entity1 with extensive corporal @entity82 underwent penile prosthesis placement via combined penoscrotal and perineal approach from 1997 to 2006. Follow-up ranged from 15 to 129 months. Results. All @entity1 underwent successful implantation of semirigid penile prosthesis. There were no short- or long-term complications. Conclusions. Results on combined penoscrotal and perineal approach to penile prosthetic surgery in this preliminary series of @entity1 suggest that it is a safe technique and increases the chance of successful outcome in the surgical management of severe corporal @entity82 .

title: A preliminary report on combined penoscrotal and perineal approach for placement of penile prosthesis with corporal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrosis']


abstract: @entity75 (SNC) in @entity35 were produced by electrolytic coagulation or by an injection of @entity2955 . Two to 5 weeks later, after being preselected for @entity4944 -induced @entity717 behavior, the animals were administered narcotic agonists or antagonists and their circling behavior was observed. @entity1286 , @entity284 , @entity14887 , @entity24458 or @entity12586 induced @entity717 movements; both @entity1510 and @entity3982 were without effect. Ipsilateral circling was also observed in @entity35 with unilateral electrolytic lesions after administration of agents that are thought to enhance central dopaminergic activities: @entity2254 , @entity3034 and @entity3826 . In @entity35 with unilateral electrolytic or @entity2955 SNC lesions that were rendered highly @entity1286 -dependent by multiple- @entity1286 pellet implantation, contralateral (C) circling behavior was observed within 1 to 2 minutes after a @entity1510 challenge; the onset and duration of C circling behavior coincided with the initial appearance and duration of precipitated- @entity1286 withdrawal signs. C circling was also observed after administration of putative @entity935 receptor blockers, @entity1767 and @entity1766 in @entity35 with either unilateral electrolytic or @entity2955 SNC lesions. @entity1286 pretreatment diminished both the C circling intensity and the appearance of withdrawal signs observed after a @entity1510 challenge in @entity1286 -dependent, SNC-lesioned @entity35 . The @entity1510 -precipitated withdrawal in unilaterally lesioned @entity1286 -dependent @entity35 was accompanied by a 20% elevation of neostriatal @entity935 in the intact side. In contrast to the effects of a chronic @entity75 in decreasing neostriatal @entity935 , a 77% increase was observed in the lesioned side 30 minutes after electrolytic coagulation. Thus, narcotic agonists and partial agonists may enhance central dopaminergic activities and @entity1510 -precipitated withdrawal may involve a diminution in central dopaminergic activities of the nigroneostriatal pathway.

title: Circling behavior after narcotic drugs and during XXXX -precipitated abstinence in @entity35 with unilateral nigral lesions.

entities_list: @entity1766 :: ('MESH:D010868', 'Chemical') :: ['pimozide']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral circling']

entities_list: @entity12586 :: ('MESH:D010423', 'Chemical') :: ['pentazocine']

entities_list: @entity2254 :: ('MESH:D003913', 'Chemical') :: ['d-amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['SNC lesion', 'Unilateral lesions of the substantia nigra zona compacta']

entities_list: @entity14887 :: ('MESH:D007981', 'Chemical') :: ['levorphanol']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity24458 :: ('MESH:D009269', 'Chemical') :: ['nalorphine']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine', 'Morphine']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

entities_list: @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity3982 :: ('MESH:D003917', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrorphan']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

answer: @entity1510 :: (MESH:D009270,Chemical) :: ['naloxone']


abstract: @entity75 (SNC) in @entity35 were produced by electrolytic coagulation or by an injection of @entity2955 . Two to 5 weeks later, after being preselected for @entity4944 -induced @entity717 behavior, the animals were administered narcotic agonists or antagonists and their circling behavior was observed. @entity1286 , @entity284 , @entity14887 , @entity24458 or @entity12586 induced @entity717 movements; both @entity1510 and @entity3982 were without effect. Ipsilateral circling was also observed in @entity35 with unilateral electrolytic lesions after administration of agents that are thought to enhance central dopaminergic activities: @entity2254 , @entity3034 and @entity3826 . In @entity35 with unilateral electrolytic or @entity2955 SNC lesions that were rendered highly @entity1286 -dependent by multiple- @entity1286 pellet implantation, contralateral (C) circling behavior was observed within 1 to 2 minutes after a @entity1510 challenge; the onset and duration of C circling behavior coincided with the initial appearance and duration of precipitated- @entity1286 withdrawal signs. C circling was also observed after administration of putative @entity935 receptor blockers, @entity1767 and @entity1766 in @entity35 with either unilateral electrolytic or @entity2955 SNC lesions. @entity1286 pretreatment diminished both the C circling intensity and the appearance of withdrawal signs observed after a @entity1510 challenge in @entity1286 -dependent, SNC-lesioned @entity35 . The @entity1510 -precipitated withdrawal in unilaterally lesioned @entity1286 -dependent @entity35 was accompanied by a 20% elevation of neostriatal @entity935 in the intact side. In contrast to the effects of a chronic @entity75 in decreasing neostriatal @entity935 , a 77% increase was observed in the lesioned side 30 minutes after electrolytic coagulation. Thus, narcotic agonists and partial agonists may enhance central dopaminergic activities and @entity1510 -precipitated withdrawal may involve a diminution in central dopaminergic activities of the nigroneostriatal pathway.

title: Circling behavior after narcotic drugs and during @entity1510 -precipitated abstinence in XXXX with unilateral nigral lesions.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Suicide and decompensation of @entity1032 peak in spring and, to a lesser extent, in fall. Several recent studies reported that suicide and decompensation peaks coincided with spring and fall aeroallergen peaks. @entity56 occur as the result of a complex biochemical cascade initiated by IgE antibodies (sensitization) and allergens (triggers). Animal models have shown molecular/neurochemical changes in the brain, as well as relevant behavioral changes associated with this IgE-mediated biochemical cascade. These factors suggest that @entity566 could precipitate suicidality and mood instability. In the current study, we compared the prior suicide attempt and history of decompensation of @entity1316 in allergen sensitive vs nonsensitive @entity1 . Further, we compared the ratio of events (attempts and decompensations) during the @entity566 season to events occurring during the rest of the year. @entity1 with @entity308 or @entity162 (n=80) were studied. There were no statistical differences in any measurement performed between the allergen sensitive and nonsensitive @entity1 . These negative results are not consistent with recent epidemiological studies supporting a predictive association between @entity566 and categorical measures of suicidality (ideation, attempts, and completion). Clinical samples are likely not adequate to study less than strong predictive associations with suicide and suicide risk factors.

title: Allergen Specific IgE, Number and Timing of Past Suicide Attempts, and Instability in @entity1 with Recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Major Depressive Disorder']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['Bipolar I or II Disorder']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy', 'seasonal allergy']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic symptoms']

answer: @entity1316 :: (MESH:D019964,Disease) :: ['Mood Disorders']


abstract: Suicide and decompensation of @entity1032 peak in spring and, to a lesser extent, in fall. Several recent studies reported that suicide and decompensation peaks coincided with spring and fall aeroallergen peaks. @entity56 occur as the result of a complex biochemical cascade initiated by IgE antibodies (sensitization) and allergens (triggers). Animal models have shown molecular/neurochemical changes in the brain, as well as relevant behavioral changes associated with this IgE-mediated biochemical cascade. These factors suggest that @entity566 could precipitate suicidality and mood instability. In the current study, we compared the prior suicide attempt and history of decompensation of @entity1316 in allergen sensitive vs nonsensitive @entity1 . Further, we compared the ratio of events (attempts and decompensations) during the @entity566 season to events occurring during the rest of the year. @entity1 with @entity308 or @entity162 (n=80) were studied. There were no statistical differences in any measurement performed between the allergen sensitive and nonsensitive @entity1 . These negative results are not consistent with recent epidemiological studies supporting a predictive association between @entity566 and categorical measures of suicidality (ideation, attempts, and completion). Clinical samples are likely not adequate to study less than strong predictive associations with suicide and suicide risk factors.

title: Allergen Specific IgE, Number and Timing of Past Suicide Attempts, and Instability in XXXX with Recurrent @entity1316 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity102 represent an increasing burden for health care systems. Ongoing research efforts provide regularly new scientific evidence on how optimize current medical care. In regard to @entity1576 , as for other health problems, optimal management of these conditions has been summarized in recent consensus guidelines but implementation of these recommendations is still poor. Not only are the key messages of such guidelines often unknown to the practitioner and the @entity1 but even when it is, they are often insufficiently integrated into current care, often related to behavioral, organizational and communication barriers. METHODS: Literature review on the topic of Clinical Practice Guidelines implementation and reference to recent projects aimed at improving management of @entity565 in the province of Quebec and elsewhere, as models for such implementation process. RESULTS: The basic principles of an effective translation of current knowledge into day-to-day care are known, but healthcare delivery structures, practice tools and resources, and regional/local leadership should be available to make it happen. Ideally, implementation requires a multidisciplinary effort of care providers, specialists, general practitioners, allied health professionals, @entity1 and their family. The general public, health administrators and policy makers should also be aware of the consequences of poor management of these diseases and be supportive of the proposed initiatives. Finally, these last should be adequately evaluated to ensure their effectiveness and determine if they should be improved. Recently projects performed in Quebec have proposed disease management models to identify @entity565 care gaps and improve translation of current Guidelines into day-to-day care. CONCLUSIONS: Although the @entity1 and socio-economical burden of @entity102 is still increasing, their current management is still often deficient. In the recent decades, Practice Guidelines have been developed to guide Practitioners towards optimal care, but implementation of these Guides is still poor. Recent Canadian and International initiatives have proposed valid models to help address current care gaps.

title: Improving knowledge transfer on chronic XXXX : a Canadian perspective. How to translate recent advances in @entity1576 into day-to-day care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic diseases', 'chronic diseases']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity102 represent an increasing burden for health care systems. Ongoing research efforts provide regularly new scientific evidence on how optimize current medical care. In regard to @entity1576 , as for other health problems, optimal management of these conditions has been summarized in recent consensus guidelines but implementation of these recommendations is still poor. Not only are the key messages of such guidelines often unknown to the practitioner and the @entity1 but even when it is, they are often insufficiently integrated into current care, often related to behavioral, organizational and communication barriers. METHODS: Literature review on the topic of Clinical Practice Guidelines implementation and reference to recent projects aimed at improving management of @entity565 in the province of Quebec and elsewhere, as models for such implementation process. RESULTS: The basic principles of an effective translation of current knowledge into day-to-day care are known, but healthcare delivery structures, practice tools and resources, and regional/local leadership should be available to make it happen. Ideally, implementation requires a multidisciplinary effort of care providers, specialists, general practitioners, allied health professionals, @entity1 and their family. The general public, health administrators and policy makers should also be aware of the consequences of poor management of these diseases and be supportive of the proposed initiatives. Finally, these last should be adequately evaluated to ensure their effectiveness and determine if they should be improved. Recently projects performed in Quebec have proposed disease management models to identify @entity565 care gaps and improve translation of current Guidelines into day-to-day care. CONCLUSIONS: Although the @entity1 and socio-economical burden of @entity102 is still increasing, their current management is still often deficient. In the recent decades, Practice Guidelines have been developed to guide Practitioners towards optimal care, but implementation of these Guides is still poor. Recent Canadian and International initiatives have proposed valid models to help address current care gaps.

title: Improving knowledge transfer on chronic @entity1576 : a Canadian perspective. How to translate recent advances in XXXX into day-to-day care.

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory diseases']


abstract: In a recent study, the vasodilating drugs @entity594 , @entity9805 , @entity10202 , and @entity2514 induced @entity154 in @entity95 , when given on day 16 of pregnancy. Histologically, the changes were characterized by disturbed chondrogenesis. In order to elucidate mechanisms behind the defects, the fetal concentration of @entity10202 was measured, and the fetal limb plates were examined histologically, at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after single oral administration of @entity10202 (12 mumol/kg) on day 16 in pregnant @entity95 . The effects of @entity594 , @entity9805 , and @entity10202 were also investigated in an in vitro system, in which @entity1573 embryonic mesenchymal limb bud cells differentiated into chondrocytes. In this system, no inhibition of chondrogenesis was observed below concentrations 3 x 10(5) M. At this concentration, unspecific @entity137 was found. The highest fetal concentrations of @entity10202 were more than 500 times lower than what was required for in vitro @entity137 . Histologically, the digital areas of the limb plates showed extensive @entity4 and dilatation of marginal sinus within 2 hours. After 8 hours, @entity397 of the thin-walled vessels occurred with @entity548 . Finally, small necroses and blisters were observed. Similar early changes have been reported in experiments where @entity154 were induced by clamping uterine vessels. This study thus indicates that the @entity154 after administration of high doses of vasodilators are secondary to pharmacological action (associated with a significant reduction in the uteroplacental blood flow), and not a direct effect on fetal chondrogenesis.

title: Histological and in vitro studies supporting decreased uteroplacental blood flow as explanation for XXXX after administration of vasodilators.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['digital defects', 'phalangeal defects']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity10202 :: ('MESH:D015736', 'Chemical') :: ['felodipine']

entities_list: @entity2514 :: ('MESH:D006830', 'Chemical') :: ['hydralazine']

entities_list: @entity9805 :: ('MESH:D009568', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrendipine']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['digital defects']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Operative techniques for the management of juvenile @entity1843 of the knee include drilling, internal fixation, fragment removal, and chondral resurfacing. PURPOSE: To evaluate the functional and radiographic outcome of internal fixation of juvenile @entity1843 of the knee. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: The study design was a retrospective case series. Twenty-six knees in 24 skeletally immature @entity1 underwent internal fixation of @entity1843 . Mean follow-up was 4.25 years (range, 2-14.75 years). Mean @entity1 age was 14.7 years (range, 11-16 years). There were 13 @entity1 and 11 @entity1 . Lesions were graded per the Ewing and Voto classification, with 9 stage II lesions (fissured), 11 @entity5 (partially attached), and 6 stage IV lesions (detached). Methods of internal fixation included variable pitch screws (n = 11), bioabsorbable tacks (n = 10), partially threaded cannulated screws (n = 3), and bioabsorbable pins (n = 3). Mean follow-up was 4.25 years (range, 2.0-14.75 years). RESULTS: Healing occurred in 22 of 26 lesions (healing rate, 84.6%). There was no significant difference in healing rate for lesion location, fixation method, or lesion grade. In fact, all 6 stage IV (detached) lesions healed. The mean postoperative Lysholm score was 85.8, mean postoperative International Knee Documentation Committee score was 82.6, and mean postoperative Tegner activity level was 7.4. Mean time to healing was 6 months. Eight @entity1 underwent additional procedures: 4 for nonunion, 1 for @entity5631 , and 3 for elective screw removal. CONCLUSION: Given the relatively high healing rate, good functional outcome, and low complication rate, the authors advocate internal fixation of unstable juvenile @entity1843 of the knee, even for detached lesions and in @entity1 with a history of surgery for the @entity1843 .

title: Internal fixation of juvenile XXXX of the knee.

entities_list: @entity1843 :: ('MESH:D010008', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondritis dissecans lesion', 'osteochondritis dissecans lesions']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boys', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity5631 :: ('MESH:D006395', 'Disease') :: ['hemarthrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III lesions']

answer: @entity1843 :: (MESH:D010008,Disease) :: ['osteochondritis dissecans lesions']


abstract: In the therapy of the chronic peripheral @entity432 , angioplasty is rarely used to treat the infra-renal @entity472 , whereas the @entity850 and the short occlusion of the iliac artery is a classical indication. Primarily, stenoses and occlusions of the iliac artery should be treated with balloon angioplasty exclusively. Only secondarily, when the result of angioplasty was insufficient, e.g. remaining @entity850 or dissection, stent implantation is appropriate. Angioplasty is most frequently applied in the obliteration of the femoro-popliteal artery. It can be stated that early- and long-term results are the better, the shorter the occlusion is. Stent implantation in the femoro-popliteal artery should be avoided because of poor results. Only with the intention of limb salvage, when there is no opportunity for surgical treatment, a stent implantation should be considered. In case of recurrent stenoses after stent implantation, angioplasty can be reapplied with great success. The indication for any vascular intervention should be a decision of both, the interventional radiologist and the vascular surgeon, because both kinds of treatment are palliative and not causal. It is the task of the angiologist to do clinical diagnostics and the after-treatment. Quality monitoring is indispensable. It consists of documentation of pre-angioplasty diagnostics and should be able to prove the correct indication for the intervention. The result of the intervention should also be documented by angiography and functional tests. Regular control of the @entity1 after the intervention is necessary for the early recognition of recurrent stenoses.

title: [Possibilities and limits of interventional therapy in chronic peripheral XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['arterial occlusive disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity882 ( @entity882 ) is a severe side effect of the prophylaxis of @entity1211 with unfractionated heparin. The aim of the present study is to gain more information on the incidence of @entity882 during prophylaxis of @entity1211 with low-molecular-weight heparin in elective hip surgery. METHODS: 586 consecutive @entity1 were included into the prospective study, who were admitted to hospital for elective hip replacement. The incidence of @entity882 , clinically manifest @entity1211 and of the heparin-induced IgG antibodies were analysed during prophylaxis with low molecular-weight heparin. @entity1 received once daily subcutaneously low molecular-weight heparin for a mean of 28 days postoperatively. Platelet counts and clinical examinations for the presence of @entity1211 were done at days 0, 2, 7 (+/- 1) and 12 (+/- 2). Heparin-induced IgG antibodies were determined before and after a 12 (+/- 2) days prophylaxis with low molecular-weight heparin in 265 of 586 @entity1 randomly. @entity1 were reexamined for @entity1031 complications after 3 and 6 months. The clinical suspicion of @entity1031 complication was documented objectively. RESULTS: None of the @entity1 developed a decrease of platelets of < 50% of the initial value. Ten of 265 @entity1 had elevated IgG antibodies against heparin/platelet factor 4 before prophylaxis (3.8%). After the 12 (+/- 2) days prophylaxis 13 of 265 @entity1 had elevated IgG antibodies (4.9%). C14 @entity750 assay was positive in 0 of 10 @entity1 before treatment and in 3 of 19 @entity1 at day 12 (+/- 2). Ten @entity1 developed @entity1211 postoperatively (8 x @entity1150 , 2 x @entity1151 , no fatal @entity887 ). Only 1/19 @entity1 with elevated antiheparin IgG titres developed @entity1211 . The C14 @entity750 assay was negative in this @entity1 . Two @entity1 died in the postoperative phase due to underlying @entity65 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with elective hip replacement prophylaxis of @entity1211 with low molecular-weight heparin was associated with a very low incidence of @entity882 , and hence screening for @entity882 antibodies is not required.

title: [ @entity882 after elective hip joint replacement with postoperative prevention of XXXX with low-molecular-weight heparin].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia', 'HIT', 'thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity1031 :: (MESH:D013923,Disease) :: ['thromboembolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity882 ( @entity882 ) is a severe side effect of the prophylaxis of @entity1211 with unfractionated heparin. The aim of the present study is to gain more information on the incidence of @entity882 during prophylaxis of @entity1211 with low-molecular-weight heparin in elective hip surgery. METHODS: 586 consecutive @entity1 were included into the prospective study, who were admitted to hospital for elective hip replacement. The incidence of @entity882 , clinically manifest @entity1211 and of the heparin-induced IgG antibodies were analysed during prophylaxis with low molecular-weight heparin. @entity1 received once daily subcutaneously low molecular-weight heparin for a mean of 28 days postoperatively. Platelet counts and clinical examinations for the presence of @entity1211 were done at days 0, 2, 7 (+/- 1) and 12 (+/- 2). Heparin-induced IgG antibodies were determined before and after a 12 (+/- 2) days prophylaxis with low molecular-weight heparin in 265 of 586 @entity1 randomly. @entity1 were reexamined for @entity1031 complications after 3 and 6 months. The clinical suspicion of @entity1031 complication was documented objectively. RESULTS: None of the @entity1 developed a decrease of platelets of < 50% of the initial value. Ten of 265 @entity1 had elevated IgG antibodies against heparin/platelet factor 4 before prophylaxis (3.8%). After the 12 (+/- 2) days prophylaxis 13 of 265 @entity1 had elevated IgG antibodies (4.9%). C14 @entity750 assay was positive in 0 of 10 @entity1 before treatment and in 3 of 19 @entity1 at day 12 (+/- 2). Ten @entity1 developed @entity1211 postoperatively (8 x @entity1150 , 2 x @entity1151 , no fatal @entity887 ). Only 1/19 @entity1 with elevated antiheparin IgG titres developed @entity1211 . The C14 @entity750 assay was negative in this @entity1 . Two @entity1 died in the postoperative phase due to underlying @entity65 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with elective hip replacement prophylaxis of @entity1211 with low molecular-weight heparin was associated with a very low incidence of @entity882 , and hence screening for @entity882 antibodies is not required.

title: [ XXXX after elective hip joint replacement with postoperative prevention of @entity1031 with low-molecular-weight heparin].

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia']


abstract: Computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy of the spine is considered a safe, accurate, and relatively inexpensive examination technique. Our purpose was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of CT-guided biopsies exclusively for @entity4034 . A retrospective study was performed from a consecutive series of 72 @entity1 with confirmed @entity4034 with 46 CT-guided biopsies performed in 40 @entity1 . Biopsy specimens were sent for bacteriologic and cytologic analysis. An adequate specimen for microbiologic examination was not obtained in one case and not enough sample for additional pathologic examination in 17 cases. The mean age of @entity1 was 58 years, with a range of 1-88 years, including 24 @entity1 and 16 @entity1 . The level of spinal biopsy was thoracic in 18 (40%) and lumbar in 28 (60%). The analysis revealed the infection agent in 20 cases (43% sensitivity). Diagnostic rates obtained in @entity1 with previous antibiotic treatment were significantly lower (23% vs. 60%, p = 0.013). Computed tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy is an important tool in the diagnostic evaluation of @entity4034 . However, this technique yields a lower diagnostic rate than previously reported biopsy of neoplastic @entity75 , especially if performed in @entity1 with previous antibiotic treatment.

title: CT-guided fine-needle aspiration in XXXX : true usefulness of a common practice.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral lesions']

answer: @entity4034 :: (MESH:D010019,Disease) :: ['vertebral osteomyelitis']


abstract: The management of anaesthesia in @entity1 suffering @entity1468 has to be selected individually. There is a high rate of caesarean sections in @entity1 with @entity1468 . Intubation anaesthesia or regional anaesthesia are commonly used methods and can be considered comparable and equally useful. In our opinion, the application of regional anaesthesia should be preferred, if the initial criteria, such as normal neurologic status and @entity1003 , are fulfilled. We believe in a considerable reduction of vital risks when using regional anaesthesia. Our aim was to figure out the risk-factors of @entity1468 and preterm maturity regarding anaesthesia management. @entity1468 is a severe illness in pregnancy with a frequency of 5-10%. In 1997, we experienced 73 @entity1 with praeeclampsia according to the definition of ISSPH. Mode of delivery was conventional in 10 @entity1 , 2 @entity1 had a vacuum extraction and 61 @entity1 needed a caesarean section. The rate of epidural anesthesia for delivery was 51%. We used epidural anaesthesia in 6 spontaneous deliveries, in 2 vacuum extractions and in 30 caesarean sections. There were no problems with epidural anaesthesia and the outcome of mother and @entity1 was also considered to be excellent. We suggest to use regional anesthesia techniques whenever possible.

title: [ XXXX and anesthesia].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia', 'Preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['Pre-eclampsia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Decreased callosal size and anisotropy have been described in @entity161 @entity1 but their longitudinal progression remains poorly understood. METHODS: We performed diffusion-tensor and structural magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and at follow-up four years later in 49 chronic @entity161 @entity1 and 16 healthy comparison subjects. @entity161 @entity1 were subdivided into good-outcome (n=23) and poor-outcome (n=26) groups. Baseline-to-follow-up changes in size, shape, position and fractional anisotropy of the corpus callosum, divided into five sagittal sections and five rostro-caudal segments, were assessed. RESULTS: At baseline scan and in comparison to healthy subjects, @entity161 @entity1 displayed 1) smaller callosal size, 2) lower average anisotropy in all sagittal sections except the midline, and 3) more dorsal average coordinate position. During the four years after the baseline scan, @entity1 with @entity161 exhibited a more pronounced decline in absolute size of the corpus callosum than healthy comparison subjects. As compared with the good-outcome group, the corpus callosum in poor-outcome @entity1 at baseline was of smaller size and lower average anisotropy, more elongated and posteriorly positioned. During the follow-up interval, poor-outcome @entity1 displayed a more pronounced decline in size but less pronounced decline in anisotropy of the corpus callosum than @entity1 with good outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in callosal size between @entity161 @entity1 and healthy subjects seen at baseline continue to widen in the chronic phase of the illness, especially in @entity1 with poor functional outcome. Baseline differences in callosal anisotropy among @entity1 with different outcomes, however, diminish over time.

title: A longitudinal study of the corpus callosum in chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: A 38-year-old @entity1 was admitted for increasing @entity1353 , @entity390 and emesis during the preceding year. Clinically he was in @entity712 NYHA stage III. He had not been on any regular medication and had no other medical complaints. Physical examination revealed a pulse of 100/min., @entity551 (100/60 mmHg) and @entity1823 . Bilateral pulmonary rales were noted on auscultation. A slight @entity4 of both lower legs was noted. INVESTIGATIONS: A 12-lead electrocardiogram showed complete @entity714 with a QRS duration of 160 ms. Chest x-ray revealed @entity1283 with @entity358 . Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated reduced left ventricular function with an ejection fraction of 10-15%. Left heart catheterization excluded @entity301 and confirmed the decreased left ventricular function. TREATMENT AND COURSE: Medical treatment for @entity712 secondary to dilated @entity296 was initiated without significant improvement in clinical status. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) was therefore performed with implantation of a biventricular pacer with defibrillator (CRT-D) and a fluid status monitoring system (OptiVol). Subsequently the @entity1 was able to increase his physical activity to NYHA class II and was followed in our outpatient clinic. Since initial treatment the @entity1 has been seen twice for clinical signs of @entity3126 . Both times the fluid monitoring system of the CRT-D gave an alarm signal early enough to allow cardiac re-compensation by expanding the current medication. Both times hospital admission was avoided. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac resynchronization therapy has been established as an adjunct to optimal pharmacological therapy in eligible @entity1 with severe @entity712 . A fluid status monitoring system integrated into the device measures intrathoracic impedance, allowing @entity1 to be alerted before the onset of symptoms of fluid overload. Thus, treatment can be adjusted and hospitalization is avoidable.

title: [Early warning system for pulmonary fluid status monitoring in terminal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['left bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomegaly']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vascular congestion']

entities_list: @entity1823 :: ('MESH:D010235', 'Disease') :: ['jugular vein distension']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: CASE HISTORY: A 17-year-old male presented in an agitated, deranged state with rapidly increasing swelling of the neck. Except for regular abuse of @entity835 there was no medical history of note. He had a @entity7129 (130 bpm), a slow pupillary reflex, @entity1621 and @entity9285 around the neck and shoulders. INVESTIGATIONS AND DIAGNOSIS: Laboratory tests showed elevated inflammatory markers. The chest X-ray demonstrated a bilateral pneumothorax and large @entity9285 . Subsequent computed tomography of neck and thorax showed an extensive @entity14303 and the described @entity9285 . There was no evidence of a ruptured @entity825 or esophageal perforation. The underlying cause was presumed to have been a Valsalva maneuver during marijuana smoking. TREATMENT AND COURSE: As the pneumothorax was completely reabsorbed, no chest drains were inserted and the @entity1 was transferred to our toxicological intensive care unit. Recurring drug-induced @entity716 had to be treated with repeated doses of @entity1767 . The @entity2415 was slowly reabsorbed without any further complication. The @entity1 was transferred back to a @entity146 ward after five days. CONCLUSION: Although @entity835 is thought to be one of the "safe" drugs, its abuse can have life-threatening effects. One complication is the occurrence of a pneumothorax after a Valsalva maneuver. As the rate of @entity835 has been increasing during the last few years, the risk of life-threatening complications should be mentioned in relevant publications and as part of drug education. @entity1 presenting with @entity1353 should always be carefully questioned about possible @entity734 .

title: ["Usual" XXXX producing an unusual incident].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9285 :: ('MESH:D013352', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous emphysema']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis', 'cannabis abuse']

entities_list: @entity14303 :: ('MESH:D008478', 'Disease') :: ['pneumomediastinum']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1621 :: ('MESH:C563492', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral hyposphagma']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

answer: @entity835 :: (MESH:D002189,Disease) :: ['cannabis abuse']


abstract: @entity311 is a devastating disease. For transmission to occur, Plasmodium, the causative agent of @entity311 , must complete a complex developmental cycle in its mosquito vector. Thus, the mosquito is a potential target for disease control. Plasmodium ookinetes, which develop within the mosquito midgut, must first cross the midgut's peritrophic matrix (PM), a thick extracellular sheath that completely surrounds the blood meal. The PM poses a partial, natural barrier against parasite invasion of the midgut and it is speculated that modifications to the PM may lead to a complete barrier to @entity281 . However, such strategies require thorough characterization of the structure of the PM. Here, we describe for the first time, the complete PM proteome of the main @entity311 vector, @entity313 . Altogether, 209 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. Among them were nine new chitin-binding peritrophic matrix proteins, expanding the list from three to twelve peritrophins. Lastly, we provide a model for the putative interactions among the proteins identified in this study.

title: The XXXX adult midgut peritrophic matrix proteome.

entities_list: @entity311 :: ('MESH:D008288', 'Disease') :: ['Malaria', 'malaria']

entities_list: @entity313 :: ('7165', 'Species') :: ['Anopheles gambiae']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity313 :: (7165,Species) :: ['Anopheles gambiae']


abstract: Many studies in Asia have demonstrated that Asian populations may require lower cut-off levels for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference to define @entity28 and @entity1144 respectively, compared to western populations. Optimal cut-off levels for body mass index and waist circumference were determined to assess the relationship between the two anthropometric- and cardiovascular indices. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels. The study sample included 1833 subjects (mean age of 44+/-14 years) from 93 primary care clinics in Malaysia. Eight hundred and seventy two of the subjects were @entity1 and 960 were @entity1 . The optimal body mass index cut-off values predicting dyslipidaemia, @entity101 , @entity6 , or at least one @entity65 factor varied from 23.5 to 25.5 kg/m2 in @entity1 and 24.9 to 27.4 kg/m2 in @entity1 . As for waist circumference, the optimal cut-off values varied from 83 to 92 cm in @entity1 and from 83 to 88 cm in @entity1 . The optimal cut-off values from our study showed that body mass index of 23.5 kg/m2 in @entity1 and 24.9 kg/m2 in @entity1 and waist circumference of 83 cm in @entity1 and @entity1 may be more suitable for defining the criteria for overweight or @entity28 among adults in Malaysia. Waist circumference may be a better indicator for the prediction of @entity28 -related @entity65 factors in @entity1 and @entity1 compared to BMI. Further investigation using a bigger sample size in Asia needs to be done to confirm our findings.

title: Optimal cut-off levels to define @entity28 : body mass index and waist circumference, and their relationship to XXXX , dyslipidaemia, @entity101 and @entity6 in Malaysia.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: Many studies in Asia have demonstrated that Asian populations may require lower cut-off levels for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference to define @entity28 and @entity1144 respectively, compared to western populations. Optimal cut-off levels for body mass index and waist circumference were determined to assess the relationship between the two anthropometric- and cardiovascular indices. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels. The study sample included 1833 subjects (mean age of 44+/-14 years) from 93 primary care clinics in Malaysia. Eight hundred and seventy two of the subjects were @entity1 and 960 were @entity1 . The optimal body mass index cut-off values predicting dyslipidaemia, @entity101 , @entity6 , or at least one @entity65 factor varied from 23.5 to 25.5 kg/m2 in @entity1 and 24.9 to 27.4 kg/m2 in @entity1 . As for waist circumference, the optimal cut-off values varied from 83 to 92 cm in @entity1 and from 83 to 88 cm in @entity1 . The optimal cut-off values from our study showed that body mass index of 23.5 kg/m2 in @entity1 and 24.9 kg/m2 in @entity1 and waist circumference of 83 cm in @entity1 and @entity1 may be more suitable for defining the criteria for overweight or @entity28 among adults in Malaysia. Waist circumference may be a better indicator for the prediction of @entity28 -related @entity65 factors in @entity1 and @entity1 compared to BMI. Further investigation using a bigger sample size in Asia needs to be done to confirm our findings.

title: Optimal cut-off levels to define XXXX : body mass index and waist circumference, and their relationship to @entity65 , dyslipidaemia, @entity101 and @entity6 in Malaysia.

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Many studies in Asia have demonstrated that Asian populations may require lower cut-off levels for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference to define @entity28 and @entity1144 respectively, compared to western populations. Optimal cut-off levels for body mass index and waist circumference were determined to assess the relationship between the two anthropometric- and cardiovascular indices. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels. The study sample included 1833 subjects (mean age of 44+/-14 years) from 93 primary care clinics in Malaysia. Eight hundred and seventy two of the subjects were @entity1 and 960 were @entity1 . The optimal body mass index cut-off values predicting dyslipidaemia, @entity101 , @entity6 , or at least one @entity65 factor varied from 23.5 to 25.5 kg/m2 in @entity1 and 24.9 to 27.4 kg/m2 in @entity1 . As for waist circumference, the optimal cut-off values varied from 83 to 92 cm in @entity1 and from 83 to 88 cm in @entity1 . The optimal cut-off values from our study showed that body mass index of 23.5 kg/m2 in @entity1 and 24.9 kg/m2 in @entity1 and waist circumference of 83 cm in @entity1 and @entity1 may be more suitable for defining the criteria for overweight or @entity28 among adults in Malaysia. Waist circumference may be a better indicator for the prediction of @entity28 -related @entity65 factors in @entity1 and @entity1 compared to BMI. Further investigation using a bigger sample size in Asia needs to be done to confirm our findings.

title: Optimal cut-off levels to define @entity28 : body mass index and waist circumference, and their relationship to @entity65 , dyslipidaemia, @entity101 and XXXX in Malaysia.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: Many studies in Asia have demonstrated that Asian populations may require lower cut-off levels for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference to define @entity28 and @entity1144 respectively, compared to western populations. Optimal cut-off levels for body mass index and waist circumference were determined to assess the relationship between the two anthropometric- and cardiovascular indices. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels. The study sample included 1833 subjects (mean age of 44+/-14 years) from 93 primary care clinics in Malaysia. Eight hundred and seventy two of the subjects were @entity1 and 960 were @entity1 . The optimal body mass index cut-off values predicting dyslipidaemia, @entity101 , @entity6 , or at least one @entity65 factor varied from 23.5 to 25.5 kg/m2 in @entity1 and 24.9 to 27.4 kg/m2 in @entity1 . As for waist circumference, the optimal cut-off values varied from 83 to 92 cm in @entity1 and from 83 to 88 cm in @entity1 . The optimal cut-off values from our study showed that body mass index of 23.5 kg/m2 in @entity1 and 24.9 kg/m2 in @entity1 and waist circumference of 83 cm in @entity1 and @entity1 may be more suitable for defining the criteria for overweight or @entity28 among adults in Malaysia. Waist circumference may be a better indicator for the prediction of @entity28 -related @entity65 factors in @entity1 and @entity1 compared to BMI. Further investigation using a bigger sample size in Asia needs to be done to confirm our findings.

title: Optimal cut-off levels to define @entity28 : body mass index and waist circumference, and their relationship to @entity65 , dyslipidaemia, XXXX and @entity6 in Malaysia.

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: Background The @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation has been reported to be a cause of @entity74 . Recently, we detected this mutation in a large proportion of @entity1 with @entity1148 , suggesting that in Italy the incidence of @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation could be underestimated. DESIGN AND METHODS: We extended the search for this mutation to all @entity1 with @entity4407 who had a positive family history for @entity1148 or @entity4407 . We identified eight Italian families positive for the @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation. Clinical and hematologic data were available for members of seven families, including 21 @entity1 with a proven mutation and 20 relatives with @entity1148 . RESULTS: Fifteen major @entity715 episodes, nine of which were fatal, were recorded among 41 @entity1 . The @entity715 manifestation was @entity64 in four cases, @entity583 in seven cases, fetal loss in two cases, @entity1150 of the leg in one case and @entity3181 in one case. Almost all @entity1 over 20 years old had @entity381 and @entity4018 , while these were rarely observed in @entity1 under 20 years old, suggesting that these manifestations are associated with aging. Finally, the life expectancy of family members with @entity1148 was significantly shorter than that of members without @entity1148 (P=0.003). Conclusions @entity1 with @entity1148 caused by a @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation have a high risk of @entity715 and, with aging, develop @entity381 and @entity4018 , significantly affecting their life expectancy.

title: @entity74 caused by MPLSer505Asn is associated with a high @entity715 risk, @entity381 and progression to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73096 :: ('p|SUB|S|505|N', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Ser505Asn']

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['familial thrombocythemia', 'familial thrombocytosis', 'thrombocytosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity4018 :: ('MESH:D055728', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary thrombocythemia']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['Budd Chiari syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['essential thrombocythemia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity4018 :: (MESH:D055728,Disease) :: ['bone marrow fibrosis']


abstract: Background The @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation has been reported to be a cause of @entity74 . Recently, we detected this mutation in a large proportion of @entity1 with @entity1148 , suggesting that in Italy the incidence of @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation could be underestimated. DESIGN AND METHODS: We extended the search for this mutation to all @entity1 with @entity4407 who had a positive family history for @entity1148 or @entity4407 . We identified eight Italian families positive for the @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation. Clinical and hematologic data were available for members of seven families, including 21 @entity1 with a proven mutation and 20 relatives with @entity1148 . RESULTS: Fifteen major @entity715 episodes, nine of which were fatal, were recorded among 41 @entity1 . The @entity715 manifestation was @entity64 in four cases, @entity583 in seven cases, fetal loss in two cases, @entity1150 of the leg in one case and @entity3181 in one case. Almost all @entity1 over 20 years old had @entity381 and @entity4018 , while these were rarely observed in @entity1 under 20 years old, suggesting that these manifestations are associated with aging. Finally, the life expectancy of family members with @entity1148 was significantly shorter than that of members without @entity1148 (P=0.003). Conclusions @entity1 with @entity1148 caused by a @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation have a high risk of @entity715 and, with aging, develop @entity381 and @entity4018 , significantly affecting their life expectancy.

title: @entity74 caused by MPLSer505Asn is associated with a high @entity715 risk, XXXX and progression to @entity4018 .

answer: @entity381 :: (MESH:D013163,Disease) :: ['splenomegaly']


abstract: Background The @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation has been reported to be a cause of @entity74 . Recently, we detected this mutation in a large proportion of @entity1 with @entity1148 , suggesting that in Italy the incidence of @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation could be underestimated. DESIGN AND METHODS: We extended the search for this mutation to all @entity1 with @entity4407 who had a positive family history for @entity1148 or @entity4407 . We identified eight Italian families positive for the @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation. Clinical and hematologic data were available for members of seven families, including 21 @entity1 with a proven mutation and 20 relatives with @entity1148 . RESULTS: Fifteen major @entity715 episodes, nine of which were fatal, were recorded among 41 @entity1 . The @entity715 manifestation was @entity64 in four cases, @entity583 in seven cases, fetal loss in two cases, @entity1150 of the leg in one case and @entity3181 in one case. Almost all @entity1 over 20 years old had @entity381 and @entity4018 , while these were rarely observed in @entity1 under 20 years old, suggesting that these manifestations are associated with aging. Finally, the life expectancy of family members with @entity1148 was significantly shorter than that of members without @entity1148 (P=0.003). Conclusions @entity1 with @entity1148 caused by a @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation have a high risk of @entity715 and, with aging, develop @entity381 and @entity4018 , significantly affecting their life expectancy.

title: XXXX caused by MPLSer505Asn is associated with a high @entity715 risk, @entity381 and progression to @entity4018 .

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Hereditary thrombocytosis']


abstract: Background The @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation has been reported to be a cause of @entity74 . Recently, we detected this mutation in a large proportion of @entity1 with @entity1148 , suggesting that in Italy the incidence of @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation could be underestimated. DESIGN AND METHODS: We extended the search for this mutation to all @entity1 with @entity4407 who had a positive family history for @entity1148 or @entity4407 . We identified eight Italian families positive for the @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation. Clinical and hematologic data were available for members of seven families, including 21 @entity1 with a proven mutation and 20 relatives with @entity1148 . RESULTS: Fifteen major @entity715 episodes, nine of which were fatal, were recorded among 41 @entity1 . The @entity715 manifestation was @entity64 in four cases, @entity583 in seven cases, fetal loss in two cases, @entity1150 of the leg in one case and @entity3181 in one case. Almost all @entity1 over 20 years old had @entity381 and @entity4018 , while these were rarely observed in @entity1 under 20 years old, suggesting that these manifestations are associated with aging. Finally, the life expectancy of family members with @entity1148 was significantly shorter than that of members without @entity1148 (P=0.003). Conclusions @entity1 with @entity1148 caused by a @entity20096 ( @entity73096 ) mutation have a high risk of @entity715 and, with aging, develop @entity381 and @entity4018 , significantly affecting their life expectancy.

title: @entity74 caused by MPLSer505Asn is associated with a high XXXX risk, @entity381 and progression to @entity4018 .

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombotic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2682 is an anticonvulsant drug that has analgesic properties for acute @entity282 . However, the analgesic effect of @entity2682 as an antiepileptic prophylactic drug on @entity1 undergoing craniotomy is unclear. In this study, we evaluated the postoperative effectiveness of @entity2682 on acute @entity282 when it is used for antiepileptic prophylaxis in @entity1 undergoing craniotomy for @entity5 resection. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 undergoing craniotomy for @entity5 resection were randomly assigned into two groups. @entity1 in Group G (n = 40) received oral @entity2682 (3 x 400 mg), and @entity1 in Group P (n = 40) received oral @entity3174 (3 x 100 mg) for 7 days before the operation and postoperatively. An identical anesthesia protocol was performed for both the groups. Anesthesia was maintained with @entity1875 and @entity1937 infusion. @entity1 -controlled analgesia with @entity1286 was used, and @entity158 levels were measured. The antiepileptic-related side effects, anesthetic consumption, duration of anesthesia and surgery, tracheal extubation time, @entity282 scores, @entity1286 consumption, and sedation scores were recorded. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 in Group G and 38 @entity1 in Group P completed the study. During the preoperative period in Group G, one @entity1 had severe @entity1295 , one had severe @entity1296 , and one @entity1 's surgical procedure was changed. The median plasma levels of @entity2682 were 34 micromol/mL (range, 23-51 micromol/mL) in 34 @entity1 . In Group P, one @entity1 withdrew from the study preoperatively and one developed transient @entity16 postoperatively. The demographic data and mean duration of anesthesia and surgery were similar in both the groups. The total @entity1875 and @entity1937 consumption in Group G (1847 +/- 548 mg/3034 +/- 1334 microg) was significantly less than that of Group P (2293 +/- 580 mg/4287 +/- 1282 microg) (P = 0.01). However, tracheal extubation could be done earlier in Group P (4.5 +/- 2 min) than in Group G (16.6 +/- 22 min) (P < 0.001). @entity158 scores were significantly higher in Group P at 15 min, 30 min, and 1 h (P < 0.001). The total @entity1286 consumption was also significantly higher in Group P (33 +/- 17 mg vs 24 +/- 19 mg) (P = 0.01). The postoperative sedation scores were significantly higher in Group G at 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, and 2 h (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The administration of @entity2682 to @entity1 undergoing craniotomy for @entity5 resection was effective for acute @entity282 . It also decreased analgesic consumption after surgery. However, it may lead to side effects such as delayed tracheal extubation and increased sedation postoperatively.

title: The analgesic effect of @entity2682 as a prophylactic anticonvulsant drug on postcraniotomy XXXX : a prospective randomized study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity2682 :: ('MESH:C040029', 'Chemical') :: ['Gabapentin', 'gabapentin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['supratentorial tumor']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2682 is an anticonvulsant drug that has analgesic properties for acute @entity282 . However, the analgesic effect of @entity2682 as an antiepileptic prophylactic drug on @entity1 undergoing craniotomy is unclear. In this study, we evaluated the postoperative effectiveness of @entity2682 on acute @entity282 when it is used for antiepileptic prophylaxis in @entity1 undergoing craniotomy for @entity5 resection. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 undergoing craniotomy for @entity5 resection were randomly assigned into two groups. @entity1 in Group G (n = 40) received oral @entity2682 (3 x 400 mg), and @entity1 in Group P (n = 40) received oral @entity3174 (3 x 100 mg) for 7 days before the operation and postoperatively. An identical anesthesia protocol was performed for both the groups. Anesthesia was maintained with @entity1875 and @entity1937 infusion. @entity1 -controlled analgesia with @entity1286 was used, and @entity158 levels were measured. The antiepileptic-related side effects, anesthetic consumption, duration of anesthesia and surgery, tracheal extubation time, @entity282 scores, @entity1286 consumption, and sedation scores were recorded. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 in Group G and 38 @entity1 in Group P completed the study. During the preoperative period in Group G, one @entity1 had severe @entity1295 , one had severe @entity1296 , and one @entity1 's surgical procedure was changed. The median plasma levels of @entity2682 were 34 micromol/mL (range, 23-51 micromol/mL) in 34 @entity1 . In Group P, one @entity1 withdrew from the study preoperatively and one developed transient @entity16 postoperatively. The demographic data and mean duration of anesthesia and surgery were similar in both the groups. The total @entity1875 and @entity1937 consumption in Group G (1847 +/- 548 mg/3034 +/- 1334 microg) was significantly less than that of Group P (2293 +/- 580 mg/4287 +/- 1282 microg) (P = 0.01). However, tracheal extubation could be done earlier in Group P (4.5 +/- 2 min) than in Group G (16.6 +/- 22 min) (P < 0.001). @entity158 scores were significantly higher in Group P at 15 min, 30 min, and 1 h (P < 0.001). The total @entity1286 consumption was also significantly higher in Group P (33 +/- 17 mg vs 24 +/- 19 mg) (P = 0.01). The postoperative sedation scores were significantly higher in Group G at 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, and 2 h (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The administration of @entity2682 to @entity1 undergoing craniotomy for @entity5 resection was effective for acute @entity282 . It also decreased analgesic consumption after surgery. However, it may lead to side effects such as delayed tracheal extubation and increased sedation postoperatively.

title: The analgesic effect of XXXX as a prophylactic anticonvulsant drug on postcraniotomy @entity158 : a prospective randomized study.

answer: @entity2682 :: (MESH:C040029,Chemical) :: ['gabapentin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate feasibility, technical success, and the need for reintervention in the early perioperative period, following the introduction of intraoperative DynaCT (DynaCT, Siemens AG, Berlin, Germany) in @entity1 undergoing @entity439 repair (EVAR). DynaCT involves the generation of computed tomography (CT)-like images from "on table" rotational angiographic acquisition. METHODS: A prospectively maintained database of 312 @entity1 undergoing EVAR (September 2001 - February 2007) was interrogated to determine incidence of early reintervention following satisfactory appearances of uniplanar completion angiography (control group). Following the introduction of DynaCT (DynaCT group - 80 @entity1 ), clinical and radiologic outcomes were prospectively evaluated (September 2007 - May 2008). Both groups underwent pre-discharge computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and color-flow duplex scan. Comparative analysis of procedural data, hospital-stay, mortality, and early reintervention between the two groups was undertaken. RESULTS: In the control group, 14 (4.5%) @entity1 required reintervention procedures within 30 days of EVAR (10 endovascular, 7 surgical). Six @entity1 had type 1 endoleaks and 8 presented with @entity63 . Review of this cohort suggested that the majority of complications (86%) may have been immediately identifiable with improved intra-operative quality control. In the DynaCT group, DynaCT was feasible in 81.3% (n = 65/80) of @entity1 and resulted in the detection of five clinically significant anomalies (6.25%, n = 5/80). These technical problems were not identified at completion angiography but were corrected after DynaCT (2 type 1 endoleaks, 1 type 3 endoleak, 1 limb compression, and 1 graft @entity715 ). Standard pre-discharge imaging did not identify any further graft-related complications in the DynaCT group. Introduction of DynaCT resulted in a reduced need for early reintervention (0/80 vs 14/312, P = .05). CONCLUSION: Most graft-related complications that mandate early reintervention following EVAR are due to remediable technical problems which are not identified by uniplanar completion angiography alone. DynaCT is a feasible intra-operative adjunct to completion angiography, which improves intra-operative quality control during endovascular repair of @entity1028 .

title: Intra-operative DynaCT improves technical success of endovascular repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['acute limb ischemia']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['infrarenal endovascular aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: We investigated the effects of dietary conjugated @entity4721 ( @entity13357 ) on @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) in heavy @entity1707 . Twelve @entity1707 were assigned to 1 of 2 groups supplemented with either 0 or 0.75% of a @entity13357 preparation (isomeric mixture) and were slaughtered at 159 +/- 2.3 kg live weight. Their subcutaneous @entity1386 was analyzed by both chemical and microanatomical methods. The @entity1386 of @entity13357 -fed @entity1707 tended to have a higher protein content (P = 0.064) and smaller adipocytes (P = 0.053) than that of control (CTR) @entity1707 . The number of proliferating preadipocytes tended to be greater (P = 0.076) in @entity1707 fed @entity13357 , whereas the number of apoptotic adipocytes was greater (P < 0.01) than in CTR @entity1707 . Immunohistochemistry revealed that leptin (Ob) expression was lower (P = 0.048) in adipocytes from treated @entity1707 and Western blot quantification of Ob revealed lower levels (P < 0.05) in @entity13357 -fed @entity1707 . The @entity50342 was not affected by dietary @entity13357 supplementation. @entity669 hydroxylase activity was higher (P < 0.001) in @entity1386 of @entity13357 fed- @entity1707 than in CTR. It is conceivable that the increased noradrenergic activity due to dietary @entity13357 decreases the Ob expression, although it does not diminish the lipid content of @entity1386 , at least in heavy @entity1707 . This article describes the interaction between @entity13357 and Ob in the @entity1386 of heavy @entity1707 and we hypothesize that there is an increased noradrenergic stimulation of lipolysis directly in the target tissue.

title: Dietary conjugated XXXX decrease leptin in porcine adipose tissue.

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['Tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity4721 :: ('MESH:D008041', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acids']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['white adipose tissue', 'WAT']

answer: @entity4721 :: (MESH:D008041,Chemical) :: ['linoleic acids']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the incidence of @entity2348 in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with autograft versus allograft. METHODS: We completed a retrospective medical record review of ACL reconstructions performed at our institutions between 2001 and 2005. These included 170 autograft, 628 allograft, and 3 combined autograft/allograft reconstructions. Data collection included @entity1 demographics, comorbidities, preoperative antibiotics, fixation type, and the occurrence of @entity86 . RESULTS: Of the 801 @entity1 who underwent ACL reconstruction, 6 (0.75%) developed a confirmed @entity281 . There were 2 confirmed deep infections in 170 autograft reconstructions (1.2%) compared with 4 confirmed deep infections in 628 allograft reconstructions (0.6%). Multivariate analysis revealed that ACL reconstruction using autograft had a nearly twice the risk of @entity281 compared to allograft reconstructions (adjusted odds ratio, 1.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.16 to 12.94). CONCLUSIONS: This study failed to find a higher rate of deep @entity2348 in ACL reconstructions when allograft tissue was used. We therefore feel that surgeons should consider allograft tissue as an alternative to autograft when there is a concern about donor-site morbidity, or for revision reconstructions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic retrospective comparative study.

title: A retrospective comparison of the incidence of XXXX following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autograft versus allograft.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'deep infection']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['deep postoperative infection']

answer: @entity2348 :: (MESH:D001424,Disease) :: ['bacterial infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The link between socioeconomic status (SES), @entity308 , dietary quality, and central adiposity remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: Pathways linking SES to dietary quality and central adiposity through @entity308 were examined across sex-ethnicity groups. DESIGN: Extensive data on US adults aged 30-64 y from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study were used in multiple linear logistic regression models and structural equation models to test pathway associations. Measures included Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scores, 2005 Healthy Eating Index (HEI) values, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Sample sizes for most analyses ranged between 1789 for anthropometric outcomes and 1227 for trunk fat outcomes. RESULTS: The CES-D score was associated with lower HEI scores in all sex-ethnicity groups, except in African American @entity1 , and with higher waist-to-hip ratios (WHRs) among African American @entity1 . A CES-D score > or =16 was positively associated with waist circumference (WC) and with trunk fat among white @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. SES was positively related to central adiposity among African American @entity1 ( @entity1144 and WC) and African American @entity1 ( @entity1144 and percentage trunk fat) but was inversely related to central adiposity among white @entity1 . Among whites only, the total positive effect of SES on HEI was significantly mediated by CES-D score. Among white @entity1 , the total inverse effect of SES on WC and WHR was significantly explained by the CES-D score and HEI, whereas the CES-D score was positively associated with WHR among African American @entity1 , independently of SES. CONCLUSION: Future mental health interventions targeted at reducing SES disparities in dietary quality and central adiposity may have different effects across sex-ethnicity groups.

title: Role of XXXX in explaining socioeconomic status disparities in dietary quality and central adiposity among US adults: a structural equation modeling approach.

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['central obesity']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive symptoms']


abstract: @entity527 are primarily composed of extracellular aggregates of @entity5357 ( @entity5357 ) peptide and are a pathological signature of @entity195 . However, the factors that influence the dynamics of @entity527 formation and growth in vivo are largely unknown. Using serial intravital multiphoton microscopy through a thinned-skull cranial window in APP/ @entity20933 @entity19 , we found that amyloid plaques appear and grow over a period of weeks before reaching a mature size. Growth was more prominent early after initial plaque formation: plaques grew faster in 6-month-old compared with 10-month-old @entity19 . Plaque growth rate was also size-related, as smaller plaques exhibited more rapid growth relative to larger plaques. Alterations in interstitial @entity5357 concentrations were associated with changes in plaque growth. Parallel studies using multiphoton microscopy and in vivo microdialysis revealed that pharmacological reduction of soluble extracellular @entity5357 by as little as 20-25% was associated with a dramatic decrease in plaque formation and growth. Furthermore, this small reduction in @entity5357 synthesis was sufficient to reduce @entity527 load in 6-month-old but not 10-month-old @entity19 , suggesting that treatment early in disease pathogenesis may be more effective than later treatment. In contrast to thinned-skull windows, no significant plaque growth was observed under open-skull windows, which demonstrated extensive microglial and astrocytic activation. Together, these findings indicate that individual @entity527 growth in vivo occurs over a period of weeks and may be influenced by interstitial @entity5357 concentration as well as reactive @entity5219 .

title: Characterizing the appearance and growth of amyloid plaques in APP/ XXXX @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid plaque', 'Amyloid plaques']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity5357 :: ('MESH:D012497', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid-beta', 'Abeta']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity20933 :: (19164(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['PS1']


abstract: @entity527 are primarily composed of extracellular aggregates of @entity5357 ( @entity5357 ) peptide and are a pathological signature of @entity195 . However, the factors that influence the dynamics of @entity527 formation and growth in vivo are largely unknown. Using serial intravital multiphoton microscopy through a thinned-skull cranial window in APP/ @entity20933 @entity19 , we found that amyloid plaques appear and grow over a period of weeks before reaching a mature size. Growth was more prominent early after initial plaque formation: plaques grew faster in 6-month-old compared with 10-month-old @entity19 . Plaque growth rate was also size-related, as smaller plaques exhibited more rapid growth relative to larger plaques. Alterations in interstitial @entity5357 concentrations were associated with changes in plaque growth. Parallel studies using multiphoton microscopy and in vivo microdialysis revealed that pharmacological reduction of soluble extracellular @entity5357 by as little as 20-25% was associated with a dramatic decrease in plaque formation and growth. Furthermore, this small reduction in @entity5357 synthesis was sufficient to reduce @entity527 load in 6-month-old but not 10-month-old @entity19 , suggesting that treatment early in disease pathogenesis may be more effective than later treatment. In contrast to thinned-skull windows, no significant plaque growth was observed under open-skull windows, which demonstrated extensive microglial and astrocytic activation. Together, these findings indicate that individual @entity527 growth in vivo occurs over a period of weeks and may be influenced by interstitial @entity5357 concentration as well as reactive @entity5219 .

title: Characterizing the appearance and growth of amyloid plaques in APP/ @entity20933 XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: A retrospective audit of all cases of @entity1065 seen in genitourinary (GU) medicine clinics in Teesside was undertaken between 2005 and 2007. In all 80 @entity1 @entity1065 was identified. Data on @entity1 sexuality, treatment, and serological follow-up and partner notification were collected and analysed. There were 48 heterosexual cases. There were 21 heterosexual males, and of the 27 females, 12 (44%) were diagnosed during antenatal care. Intramuscular injections of @entity9385 penicillin were used to treat 75 out of the 80 @entity1 at the clinics. The remaining five @entity1 received oral therapy for two weeks: four had a course of @entity3403 and one received @entity115 plus probenecid. The treatment rate of the population was 100%. In total, there were 115 contactable partners, of whom 87 (75.7%) were screened and/or treated. Successful treatment was defined as a four-fold or greater titre decrease in the @entity2953 Reference Laboratory test within 3-6 months after treatment. Twenty-one @entity1 were excluded when assessing this due to incomplete serological follow-up. Satisfactory titre declines occurred in 56 (94.9%) of the 59 @entity1 . Overall, the clinics were shown to have adhered well with national standards. The rise in heterosexual and antenatal incidence is of concern.

title: Audit of XXXX : Teesside experience 2005-2007.

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['Venereal Disease']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity9385 :: ('MESH:C010044', 'Chemical') :: ['benzathine']

entities_list: @entity1065 :: ('MESH:D013587', 'Disease') :: ['early syphilis']

answer: @entity1065 :: (MESH:D013587,Disease) :: ['early syphilis']


abstract: Anticancer agents, such as @entity900 , stimulate @entity390 , @entity391 , and behaviors indicative of malaise. @entity35 and @entity19 do not possess a @entity391 response, and, therefore, in these species, the ingestion of @entity4563 clay (a pica response) has been used as an index of malaise. In the @entity35 , @entity900 -induced @entity4563 intake is inhibited by antiemetic treatments. In addition, @entity900 activates vagal afferent fibers in the gut, and @entity4563 intake induced by @entity900 is largely dependent on an intact vagus. Nevertheless, little is known about the brain pathways controlling pica. We investigated the role of the lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN), a major visceral afferent link between the hindbrain and forebrain, in @entity900 -induced @entity5019 expression and pica. Injection of @entity900 (6 mg/kg ip) produced @entity5019 expression in the @entity10789 , a region receiving viscerosensory input. In @entity35 with bilateral @entity4326 lPBN lesions, @entity900 treatment substantially increased @entity4563 intake compared with controls ( approximately 30 g vs. approximately 5 g, respectively, over 24 h). Food intake was reduced by @entity900 treatment and by @entity3826 , an emetic agent that acts centrally. Unlike @entity900 , however, @entity3826 stimulated @entity4563 intake to a similar degree in both the lesioned and control @entity35 , suggesting that lPBN damage neither produces nonspecific effects nor enhances malaise in general. These data suggest that lPBN-lesioned animals not only demonstrate pica after @entity900 treatment, but, in fact, show an exaggerated response that is greatly in excess of any treatment known to produce @entity4563 intake in @entity35 .

title: Chemotherapy-induced XXXX intake is increased by lesion of the lateral parabrachial nucleus of the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity10789 :: ('MESH:D002527', 'Disease') :: ['ventrolateral (external) lPBN']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity4326 :: ('MESH:D007051', 'Chemical') :: ['ibotenic acid']

answer: @entity4563 :: (MESH:D007616,Chemical) :: ['kaolin']


abstract: Anticancer agents, such as @entity900 , stimulate @entity390 , @entity391 , and behaviors indicative of malaise. @entity35 and @entity19 do not possess a @entity391 response, and, therefore, in these species, the ingestion of @entity4563 clay (a pica response) has been used as an index of malaise. In the @entity35 , @entity900 -induced @entity4563 intake is inhibited by antiemetic treatments. In addition, @entity900 activates vagal afferent fibers in the gut, and @entity4563 intake induced by @entity900 is largely dependent on an intact vagus. Nevertheless, little is known about the brain pathways controlling pica. We investigated the role of the lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN), a major visceral afferent link between the hindbrain and forebrain, in @entity900 -induced @entity5019 expression and pica. Injection of @entity900 (6 mg/kg ip) produced @entity5019 expression in the @entity10789 , a region receiving viscerosensory input. In @entity35 with bilateral @entity4326 lPBN lesions, @entity900 treatment substantially increased @entity4563 intake compared with controls ( approximately 30 g vs. approximately 5 g, respectively, over 24 h). Food intake was reduced by @entity900 treatment and by @entity3826 , an emetic agent that acts centrally. Unlike @entity900 , however, @entity3826 stimulated @entity4563 intake to a similar degree in both the lesioned and control @entity35 , suggesting that lPBN damage neither produces nonspecific effects nor enhances malaise in general. These data suggest that lPBN-lesioned animals not only demonstrate pica after @entity900 treatment, but, in fact, show an exaggerated response that is greatly in excess of any treatment known to produce @entity4563 intake in @entity35 .

title: Chemotherapy-induced @entity4563 intake is increased by lesion of the lateral parabrachial nucleus of the XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The @entity653 dehydration test (GDT) has been used to test for the presence of M  ni  re's disease and elicits acute alterations in vestibular reflexes in both normal and pathological states. Activation of the vestibulosympathetic reflex (VSR) increases muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and peripheral vascular resistance. We hypothesized that the GDT would attenuate the VSR through fluid shifts of the inner ear. Sixteen male subjects (26    1 yr) were randomly assigned to be administered either @entity653 mixed with cranberry juice (97    3 ml @entity653 + equal portion of cranberry juice; n = 9) or a placebo control [water + cranberry juice (100 ml each); n = 7]. Subjects in both groups performed @entity717 ( @entity717 ), which engages the VSR, before and after administration of either the @entity653 or placebo. MSNA (microneurography), arterial blood pressure, and leg blood flow ( @entity432 plethysmography) were measured during @entity717 . Before @entity653 administration, @entity717 significantly increased MSNA burst frequency (/\8    1 bursts/min; P < 0.01) and total activity (/\77    18%; P < 0.01) and decreased @entity291 vascular conductance (-/\20    3%; P < 0.01). However, @entity717 performed postadministration of @entity653 resulted in an attenuated MSNA increase (/\3    1 bursts/min, /\22    3% total activity) and decrease in @entity291 vascular conductance (-/\7    4%). @entity717 significantly increased MSNA burst frequency (/\5    1 and /\5    2 bursts/min) and total activity (/\58    13% and /\52    18%) in the placebo group before and after placebo, respectively (P < 0.01). Likewise, decreases in @entity291 vascular conductance during @entity717 before and after placebo were not different (-/\13    4% and -/\14    2%, respectively; P < 0.01). These results suggest that fluid shifts of the inner ear via @entity653 dehydration attenuate the VSR. These data provide support that inner ear fluid dynamics can have a significant impact on blood pressure regulation via the VSR in @entity1 .

title: XXXX -induced fluid shifts attenuate the vestibulosympathetic reflex in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['venous occlusion']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['head-down rotation', 'HDR']

answer: @entity653 :: (MESH:D005990,Chemical) :: ['Glycerol']


abstract: The @entity653 dehydration test (GDT) has been used to test for the presence of M  ni  re's disease and elicits acute alterations in vestibular reflexes in both normal and pathological states. Activation of the vestibulosympathetic reflex (VSR) increases muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and peripheral vascular resistance. We hypothesized that the GDT would attenuate the VSR through fluid shifts of the inner ear. Sixteen male subjects (26    1 yr) were randomly assigned to be administered either @entity653 mixed with cranberry juice (97    3 ml @entity653 + equal portion of cranberry juice; n = 9) or a placebo control [water + cranberry juice (100 ml each); n = 7]. Subjects in both groups performed @entity717 ( @entity717 ), which engages the VSR, before and after administration of either the @entity653 or placebo. MSNA (microneurography), arterial blood pressure, and leg blood flow ( @entity432 plethysmography) were measured during @entity717 . Before @entity653 administration, @entity717 significantly increased MSNA burst frequency (/\8    1 bursts/min; P < 0.01) and total activity (/\77    18%; P < 0.01) and decreased @entity291 vascular conductance (-/\20    3%; P < 0.01). However, @entity717 performed postadministration of @entity653 resulted in an attenuated MSNA increase (/\3    1 bursts/min, /\22    3% total activity) and decrease in @entity291 vascular conductance (-/\7    4%). @entity717 significantly increased MSNA burst frequency (/\5    1 and /\5    2 bursts/min) and total activity (/\58    13% and /\52    18%) in the placebo group before and after placebo, respectively (P < 0.01). Likewise, decreases in @entity291 vascular conductance during @entity717 before and after placebo were not different (-/\13    4% and -/\14    2%, respectively; P < 0.01). These results suggest that fluid shifts of the inner ear via @entity653 dehydration attenuate the VSR. These data provide support that inner ear fluid dynamics can have a significant impact on blood pressure regulation via the VSR in @entity1 .

title: @entity653 -induced fluid shifts attenuate the vestibulosympathetic reflex in XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: In the present study, we examined prolonged @entity281 after antigenic co-stimulation by inoculation of the fungus Fonsecaea pedrosoi at two different sites in three @entity19 strains (BALB/c, Swiss, and C57BL/6). Using this @entity19 model of @entity281 , we showed that antigen induction of @entity281 at more than one site led to a local suppression of active lesions, which increased the time course of experimental @entity8711 ( @entity8711 ). @entity281 with a simultaneous @entity281 of the peritoneum or a mucosal site appeared to cause prolonged @entity364 . Using knockout (KO) @entity19 , we observed that antigenic co-stimulation caused progressive illness in CD8-KO animals and an effective immune response in the absence of @entity1618 . In @entity73097 @entity19 , co-stimulation provoked @entity281 (not prolonged), suggesting that B1 B cells play an important role in the control of @entity364 . The tissue response to @entity281 was similar in all co-stimulated @entity19 groups, as anatomopathologic sections revealed @entity75 ( @entity738 -like). In general, these @entity19 had acute responses at primary antigenic sites with an intense migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), whereas the distant @entity281 sites (footpad) showed signs of @entity281 . The migration of PMNs to the secondary site (footpad) increased in the later periods of @entity281 , especially after the disappearance of the primary antigenic focus. PMN migration was associated with lesion-dormancy breakage and fungal elimination. Our findings suggest that the host inflammatory/suppression mechanisms induced by antigenic co-stimulation to systemically fight the same pathogen act coordinately through responses that differ at the sites of @entity281 between acute and chronic integrated healing processes that are more prolonged than an acute @entity281 at a single site. However, the long persistence of fungal cells in the host may be linked to microbial adaptation to a @entity281 as observed in co-stimulated @entity73097 @entity19 .

title: Prolonged infection by Fonsecaea pedrosoi after antigenic co-stimulation at different sites in experimental @entity19 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

entities_list: @entity8711 :: ('MESH:D002862', 'Disease') :: ['CBM', 'chromoblastomycosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multifocal lesions']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Footpad infection', 'infection', 'chronic infection', 'parasitic infection']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['infection and frequent fungal disseminations', 'fungal infection']

answer: @entity8711 :: (MESH:D002862,Disease) :: ['chromoblastomycosis']