abstract: BACKGROUND: The rate of clearance of antileukemic agents differs by a factor of 3 to 10 among @entity1 with @entity981 . We hypothesized that the outcome of treatment would be improved if doses were individualized to prevent low systemic exposure to the drugs in @entity1 with fast drug clearance. METHODS: We stratified and randomly assigned 182 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity981 to postremission regimens that included high-dose @entity1499 and @entity2663 plus @entity2592 . The doses of these drugs were based on body-surface area (in the conventional-therapy group) or the rates of clearance of the three medications in each @entity1 (in the individualized-treatment group). In the individualized-treatment group, doses were increased in @entity1 with rapid clearance and decreased in @entity1 with very slow clearance. RESULTS: @entity1 who received individualized doses had significantly fewer courses of treatment with systemic exposures below the target range than did @entity1 who received conventional doses (P<0.001 for each medication). Among the @entity1 with @entity8624 , those who received individualized therapy had a significantly better outcome than those given conventional therapy (P=0.02); the mean (+/-SE) rates of continuous complete remission at five years were 76+/-6 percent and 66+/-7 percent, respectively. There was no significant difference between treatments for @entity1 with @entity1619 (P=0.54). In a proportional-hazards model, the time-dependent systemic exposure to @entity1499 , but not to @entity2663 or @entity2592 , was significantly related to the risk of early relapse in @entity1 with @entity8624 . CONCLUSIONS: Adjusting the dose of @entity1499 to account for the @entity1 's ability to clear the drug can improve the outcome in @entity1 with B-lineage @entity981 .

title: Conventional compared with individualized chemotherapy for childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['T-lineage leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2663 :: ('MESH:D013713', 'Chemical') :: ['teniposide']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity8624 :: ('MESH:D015448', 'Disease') :: ['B-lineage leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) is a variant of a @entity189 with a tendency to higher frequency of @entity3 and a lower survival rate. However, intracavitary cardiac @entity3 from thyroid @entity1358 are extremely rare. We describe the case of a 57-year-old female with thyroid @entity1358 , 5 years after total thyroidectomy, who presented with @entity1353 associated with @entity519 and @entity551 . The computed tomography angiogram showed @entity1151 and a 6-cm right atrial mass while the lower-extremity @entity1150 studies were negative. This @entity1 received a cardiac thrombectomy using cardiopulmonary bypass support. However, intraoperatively, we found out that the mass was from the mediastinum, directly extending into the heart and clearly unresectable since it effaced at least 1/3 of the right atrial wall. The core biopsy of the mass confirmed that it was metastatic poorly differentiated @entity1358 of thyroidal origin. The @entity1 eventually died of @entity1576 due to a massive @entity1151 . For @entity5 @entity1 with unexplained @entity1353 , cardiac @entity3 should be considered regardless of anticoagulation prophylaxis, especially when there is no @entity1150 in the lower limbs. Early recognition of intracavitary cardiac @entity3 may help in providing prompt treatment and improving the prognosis.

title: A Rare Silent Killer: Right Atrial Metastasis of Thyroid H  rthle Cell XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['follicular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['extensive pulmonary embolism', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'H  rthle cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between contextual variables, emotional state, and quality of life (QOL) now and expectations for the future in survivors of @entity0 . DESIGN: Descriptive and nonexperimental. SETTING AND SAMPLE: 148 volunteers and @entity1 with @entity0 involved in a program by the American @entity5 Society. Most subjects were middle-aged (mean = 52.4, SD = 11.56), were married (72%), and had graduated high school (38%). Time since diagnosis was 0.3-19 years (mean = 3.54, SD = 3.61); 74% were diagnosed more than five years ago, 54% were not receiving any treatment, and 66% had localized @entity0 . METHODS: At home, @entity1 completed a self-report survey for personal and contextual variables, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, QOL Measurement, and Global Life Satisfaction Scale. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: Time since diagnosis, extent of @entity5 , emotional state, QOL, and global life satisfaction. FINDINGS: @entity1 had high positive affect (mean = 37.96) and low negative affect (mean = 17.13). QOL and life satisfaction were high. Time since diagnosis and extent of disease were related weakly to negative affect and QOL (p < 0.001). Positive and negative affect were related moderately to QOL and life satisfaction (p < 0.001). Current personal life satisfaction was significantly greater than @entity0 survivors' estimates for "most @entity1 ," and survivors expected life satisfaction to increase significantly in five years (p < 0.001). Significant differences in QOL were found between those who were diagnosed recently and those who were diagnosed 10 or more years previously. CONCLUSIONS: Despite @entity0 , @entity1 have positive affect, good QOL, and life satisfaction. Contextual variables were related weakly to outcomes; emotions were related more strongly to outcomes. Survivors were more satisfied with life than they estimated others to be and expected satisfaction to increase in the future. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Nurses may use these findings to encourage @entity1 who are newly diagnosed with @entity0 . @entity1 with @entity0 adapt well despite potential negative outcomes, and survivors even report better QOL than they estimate for most @entity1 .

title: Contextual variables, emotional state, and current and expected quality of life in XXXX survivors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'Women', 'people']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: The aim of the present paper is to review the scientific literature concerning the usefulness of @entity8984 -FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of response to chemotherapy in @entity1 affected by liver @entity3 from @entity14 . Material and Methods. Studies were identified by searching PubMed electronic databases. Both prospective and retrospective studies were included. Information regarding the figure of merit of PET for the evaluation of therapy response was extracted and analyzed. Results. Existing data suggests that @entity8984 -FDG PET/CT may have an outstanding role in evaluating the response. The sensitivity of PET in detecting therapy response seems to be greater than conventional imaging (CT and MRI). PET/CT response is strictly related to better overall survival and progression-free survival. Conclusions. PET/CT is more than a promising technique to assess the response to chemotherapy in colorectal and liver @entity3 . However, to be fully validated, this examination needs further studies by recruiting more @entity1 .

title: Positron Emission Tomography for the Response Evaluation following Treatment with Chemotherapy in XXXX Affected by Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Selected Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: The feasibility and safety of the administration of multiple cycles of dose-intensive chemotherapy (CT) supported with repeated reinfusions of circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) were evaluated in a prospective study of adjuvant initial therapy of poor-prognosis @entity0 . Eighteen @entity1 with resectable @entity0 involving >/= 10 axillary nodes or >/= 5 axillary nodes and negativity of the @entity172 receptor status received a cycle of standard FEC regimen (5-FU 600 mg/m2, @entity1259 60 mg/m2, @entity3525 600 mg/m2, i.v. on day 1) followed by @entity1261 as CPC mobilization technique. Collected CPCs were fractionated and reinfused, with @entity1261 , after each of the 4 subsequent cycles of high-dose FEC ( @entity2033 -FEC) ( @entity1487 750 mg/m2, @entity1259 120 mg/m2, @entity3525 3 g/m2, i.v.) planned at 21 day intervals. The median numbers of @entity2280 + cells and CFU-GM collected (with one or two leukaphereses per @entity1 ) were 9.7x10(6)/kg (range: 2.5-22.9) and 9.9x10(4)/kg (range: 1.9-27.3), respectively, and day 9 was the median first day of procedure (range: 8-12) after FEC. All @entity1 received the 4 courses of @entity2033 -FEC (for a total of 72 cycles). Hemopoietic recovery was rapid after each cycle and there was no treatment-related delays in CT administration. @entity33 was the major non-hematological @entity137 . There were 2, 3, 7 and 9 episodes of WHO grade 3/4 @entity33 in cycles 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. These severe episodes lasted a median of 4 days (range: 2-6) but no @entity1 required parenteral nutrition. The mean +/- SD total hospital stay lasted 10 +/- 2 days. The delivery of 4 cycles of dose-intensive FEC CT supported by CPCs (mobilized with a single course of standard-dose FEC + @entity1261 ) is feasible and safe. It could represent an effective alternative strategy to other more aggressive programs for the adjuvant therapy of high-risk early @entity0 .

title: Multicyclic dose-intensive chemotherapy with circulating progenitor cell support for high-risk primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis', 'Mucositis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: @entity18402 is a @entity3 -associated gene of the S-100 gene family and codes for a @entity141 -binding protein. It is highly expressed in @entity19 and @entity1 @entity5 of high invasive and metastatic potential. Recent work has shown that the @entity18402 protein might be involved in cell cycle regulation. An upregulation of its expression drives cells into the S phase, together with an enhanced expression of @entity876 phosphoprotein, which has led to the suggestion that mtsl protein might be sequestering @entity876 thereby abrogating the G1-S checkpoint control normally exerted by @entity876 . Preliminary studies showed that expression of @entity18402 is downregulated by @entity221 . We present evidence that in @entity19 BL6 @entity320 cells and @entity1 HUT cells that @entity221 downregulates the @entity18402 gene. It is also downregulated in heat-resistant variants of the B16 @entity320 and HUT cells. In parallel, there is a decrease in the size of the S phase fraction and an increase in the doubling time of cells. Cell subjected to @entity221 show an 2- to 3.5-fold increase in the expression of @entity2284 which has been shown to possess a proliferation inhibitory action. It is postulated that a complete regulatory loop involving mtsl, @entity876 , and @entity2284 might be involved in cell proliferation.

title: Heat shock modulates the expression of the @entity3 associated gene MTS1 and proliferation of @entity19 and XXXX @entity5 cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity18402 is a @entity3 -associated gene of the S-100 gene family and codes for a @entity141 -binding protein. It is highly expressed in @entity19 and @entity1 @entity5 of high invasive and metastatic potential. Recent work has shown that the @entity18402 protein might be involved in cell cycle regulation. An upregulation of its expression drives cells into the S phase, together with an enhanced expression of @entity876 phosphoprotein, which has led to the suggestion that mtsl protein might be sequestering @entity876 thereby abrogating the G1-S checkpoint control normally exerted by @entity876 . Preliminary studies showed that expression of @entity18402 is downregulated by @entity221 . We present evidence that in @entity19 BL6 @entity320 cells and @entity1 HUT cells that @entity221 downregulates the @entity18402 gene. It is also downregulated in heat-resistant variants of the B16 @entity320 and HUT cells. In parallel, there is a decrease in the size of the S phase fraction and an increase in the doubling time of cells. Cell subjected to @entity221 show an 2- to 3.5-fold increase in the expression of @entity2284 which has been shown to possess a proliferation inhibitory action. It is postulated that a complete regulatory loop involving mtsl, @entity876 , and @entity2284 might be involved in cell proliferation.

title: Heat shock modulates the expression of the XXXX associated gene MTS1 and proliferation of @entity19 and @entity1 @entity5 cells.

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: @entity18402 is a @entity3 -associated gene of the S-100 gene family and codes for a @entity141 -binding protein. It is highly expressed in @entity19 and @entity1 @entity5 of high invasive and metastatic potential. Recent work has shown that the @entity18402 protein might be involved in cell cycle regulation. An upregulation of its expression drives cells into the S phase, together with an enhanced expression of @entity876 phosphoprotein, which has led to the suggestion that mtsl protein might be sequestering @entity876 thereby abrogating the G1-S checkpoint control normally exerted by @entity876 . Preliminary studies showed that expression of @entity18402 is downregulated by @entity221 . We present evidence that in @entity19 BL6 @entity320 cells and @entity1 HUT cells that @entity221 downregulates the @entity18402 gene. It is also downregulated in heat-resistant variants of the B16 @entity320 and HUT cells. In parallel, there is a decrease in the size of the S phase fraction and an increase in the doubling time of cells. Cell subjected to @entity221 show an 2- to 3.5-fold increase in the expression of @entity2284 which has been shown to possess a proliferation inhibitory action. It is postulated that a complete regulatory loop involving mtsl, @entity876 , and @entity2284 might be involved in cell proliferation.

title: Heat shock modulates the expression of the @entity3 associated gene MTS1 and proliferation of @entity19 and @entity1 XXXX cells.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: @entity18402 is a @entity3 -associated gene of the S-100 gene family and codes for a @entity141 -binding protein. It is highly expressed in @entity19 and @entity1 @entity5 of high invasive and metastatic potential. Recent work has shown that the @entity18402 protein might be involved in cell cycle regulation. An upregulation of its expression drives cells into the S phase, together with an enhanced expression of @entity876 phosphoprotein, which has led to the suggestion that mtsl protein might be sequestering @entity876 thereby abrogating the G1-S checkpoint control normally exerted by @entity876 . Preliminary studies showed that expression of @entity18402 is downregulated by @entity221 . We present evidence that in @entity19 BL6 @entity320 cells and @entity1 HUT cells that @entity221 downregulates the @entity18402 gene. It is also downregulated in heat-resistant variants of the B16 @entity320 and HUT cells. In parallel, there is a decrease in the size of the S phase fraction and an increase in the doubling time of cells. Cell subjected to @entity221 show an 2- to 3.5-fold increase in the expression of @entity2284 which has been shown to possess a proliferation inhibitory action. It is postulated that a complete regulatory loop involving mtsl, @entity876 , and @entity2284 might be involved in cell proliferation.

title: Heat shock modulates the expression of the @entity3 associated gene MTS1 and proliferation of XXXX and @entity1 @entity5 cells.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: Local recurrence rates of approximately 30% have been consistently reported after 'conventional surgery' in stage II + III @entity5 @entity1 . Postoperative radiotherapy decreases the local recurrence rate only moderately and is not associated with a gain in survival. Preoperative radiotherapy with biologically effective doses > 30 Gy dramatically reduces the relative risk of local recurrences by 57% that translates into significant overall survival benefit. Postoperative @entity1487 -based chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy has also been shown to increase @entity5 control and to result in a significantly better survival. However, an improved surgical technique, the @entity348 ( @entity348 ), has evolved and is considered standard treatment by many surgeons. With this technique, reduced local recurrence rates of below 10% and improved survival rates have been reported from different institutions. Therefore, a discussion has started, whether or not pre- or postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy is beneficial, when @entity348 is used. The preliminary results of a recently published trial on radiotherapy before @entity348 partly resolve the current controversy. An expected local failure rate of approximately 15% and an overall survival rate below 60%, 5 years after @entity348 alone in stage II + III @entity5 @entity1 suggest the need for additional therapy. Preoperative radiotherapy reduced the risk of local recurrence more than 3 times, indicating that the use of radiotherapy is justified at least in @entity1 with @entity5 , even if optimal surgery was used. The unsatisfactory overall survival gives indirect evidence that these @entity1 will also benefit from chemotherapy. However, many questions remain open and an optimal therapeutic schedule has not been established.

title: New aspects of adjuvant radiotherapy in primarily resectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['local tumor', 'rectal cancer', 'stage II + III disease']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TME', 'total mesorectal excision']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3971 -soluble modulins (PSMs) are amphipathic, pro-inflammatory proteins secreted by most @entity794 isolates. This study tested the hypothesis that in  vitro PSM production levels are associated with specific clinical phenotypes. METHODS: 177 @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 ( @entity794 ) isolates from @entity884 ( @entity884 ), skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI), and @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ) were matched by geographic origin, then genotyped using spa-typing. In  vitro PSM production was measured by high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-squared or Kruskal-Wallis tests as appropriate. RESULTS: Spa type 1 was significantly more common in SSTI isolates (62.7% SSTI; 1.7% @entity884 ; 16.9% @entity2489 ; p  <  0.0001) while @entity2489 and @entity884 isolates were more commonly spa type 2 (0% SSTI; 37.3% @entity884 ; 40.7% @entity2489 ; p  <  0.0001). USA300 isolates produced the highest levels of PSMs in  vitro. SSTI isolates produced significantly higher quantities of PSMa1-4, PSMb1, and   -toxin than other isolates (p  <  0.001). These findings persisted when USA300 isolates were excluded from analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Increased in  vitro production of PSMs is associated with an SSTI clinical source. This significant association persisted after exclusion of USA300 genotype isolates from analysis, suggesting that PSMs play a particularly important role in the pathogenesis of SSTI as compared to other infection types.

title: Clinical XXXX isolates from skin and soft tissue infections show increased in  vitro production of @entity3971 soluble modulins.

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'MRSA', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['HAP', 'hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['IE', 'infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['MRSA']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3971 -soluble modulins (PSMs) are amphipathic, pro-inflammatory proteins secreted by most @entity794 isolates. This study tested the hypothesis that in  vitro PSM production levels are associated with specific clinical phenotypes. METHODS: 177 @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 ( @entity794 ) isolates from @entity884 ( @entity884 ), skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI), and @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ) were matched by geographic origin, then genotyped using spa-typing. In  vitro PSM production was measured by high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-squared or Kruskal-Wallis tests as appropriate. RESULTS: Spa type 1 was significantly more common in SSTI isolates (62.7% SSTI; 1.7% @entity884 ; 16.9% @entity2489 ; p  <  0.0001) while @entity2489 and @entity884 isolates were more commonly spa type 2 (0% SSTI; 37.3% @entity884 ; 40.7% @entity2489 ; p  <  0.0001). USA300 isolates produced the highest levels of PSMs in  vitro. SSTI isolates produced significantly higher quantities of PSMa1-4, PSMb1, and   -toxin than other isolates (p  <  0.001). These findings persisted when USA300 isolates were excluded from analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Increased in  vitro production of PSMs is associated with an SSTI clinical source. This significant association persisted after exclusion of USA300 genotype isolates from analysis, suggesting that PSMs play a particularly important role in the pathogenesis of SSTI as compared to other infection types.

title: Clinical @entity794 isolates from skin and soft tissue infections show increased in  vitro production of XXXX soluble modulins.

answer: @entity3971 :: (MESH:D019800,Chemical) :: ['phenol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have indicated the prognostic value of @entity5 subtype and pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However these results were reported after a short follow-up and using a standard Cox model which could be unsatisfactory for time-dependent factors. In the present study, we identified the prognostic factors for long-term outcome after NAC, considering that they could have an inconstant impact over time. METHODS: Prognostic factors from 956 consecutive @entity0 @entity1 treated with NAC were identified and associated with long-term outcomes. We estimated survival by a time function multivariate Cox model regression and stratified by follow-up length. RESULTS: The prognostic value of @entity5 histological grade and hormone receptors status varied as distant recurrence-free interval (DRFI) increased. The multivariate analysis identified the following significant prognostic factors: @entity5 size, N stage, clinical and pathological response to NAC, hormone receptors (HR) status and histological @entity5 grade. The 'prognostic benefit' of low-grade and positive-HR status decreased over the years. Thus, in the early years after @entity5 diagnosis, the hazard ratio of distant recurrences in @entity1 with positive-HR status increased from 0.26 (95% CI 0.1-0.4) at 6 months to 2.2 (95% CI 1.3-3.7) at 120 months. The histological @entity5 grade followed a similar trend. The hazard ratio of grade III @entity1 compared with grade I was 1.83 (95% CI 1.1-2.8) at 36 months and diminished over time to 0.70 (95% CI 0.4-1.3) at 120 months. This indicates that the risk of recurrence for positive-HR @entity1 was 74% lower at 6 months compared with the negative-hormone receptor group, but 30% higher at 5 years and more than double at 10 years. High-grade @entity5 presented a risk of 83% in the earlier years decreasing to 30% at 10 years versus the low-grade group. CONCLUSION: From the present study, we conclude the importance of identifying time-dependent prognostic factors. Distant recurrence-free interval within @entity1 who receive NAC are influenced by achieving pCR and @entity0 subtype. @entity5 with more aggressive biology have poorer survival during the first 5 years, but if they exceed this point their prognostic impact is no longer significant. Conversely, positive-HR @entity1 remain at risk for distant recurrence for many years.

title: Time-varying effect and long-term survival analysis in XXXX @entity1 treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumours', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have indicated the prognostic value of @entity5 subtype and pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However these results were reported after a short follow-up and using a standard Cox model which could be unsatisfactory for time-dependent factors. In the present study, we identified the prognostic factors for long-term outcome after NAC, considering that they could have an inconstant impact over time. METHODS: Prognostic factors from 956 consecutive @entity0 @entity1 treated with NAC were identified and associated with long-term outcomes. We estimated survival by a time function multivariate Cox model regression and stratified by follow-up length. RESULTS: The prognostic value of @entity5 histological grade and hormone receptors status varied as distant recurrence-free interval (DRFI) increased. The multivariate analysis identified the following significant prognostic factors: @entity5 size, N stage, clinical and pathological response to NAC, hormone receptors (HR) status and histological @entity5 grade. The 'prognostic benefit' of low-grade and positive-HR status decreased over the years. Thus, in the early years after @entity5 diagnosis, the hazard ratio of distant recurrences in @entity1 with positive-HR status increased from 0.26 (95% CI 0.1-0.4) at 6 months to 2.2 (95% CI 1.3-3.7) at 120 months. The histological @entity5 grade followed a similar trend. The hazard ratio of grade III @entity1 compared with grade I was 1.83 (95% CI 1.1-2.8) at 36 months and diminished over time to 0.70 (95% CI 0.4-1.3) at 120 months. This indicates that the risk of recurrence for positive-HR @entity1 was 74% lower at 6 months compared with the negative-hormone receptor group, but 30% higher at 5 years and more than double at 10 years. High-grade @entity5 presented a risk of 83% in the earlier years decreasing to 30% at 10 years versus the low-grade group. CONCLUSION: From the present study, we conclude the importance of identifying time-dependent prognostic factors. Distant recurrence-free interval within @entity1 who receive NAC are influenced by achieving pCR and @entity0 subtype. @entity5 with more aggressive biology have poorer survival during the first 5 years, but if they exceed this point their prognostic impact is no longer significant. Conversely, positive-HR @entity1 remain at risk for distant recurrence for many years.

title: Time-varying effect and long-term survival analysis in @entity0 XXXX treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity6223 affects both primary and permanent dentition. The purpose of this study was to examine the composition of subgingival microflora of the permanent dentition in an 11-year-old Caucasian female, who had premature exfoliation of her deciduous teeth on her 5th year of age, and the response of this condition to the antibiotic therapy and supportive periodontal care. Gingival tissues were highly inflamed and @entity604 was detected radiographically. The @entity1 had experienced frequent @entity1729 , @entity5389 and recurrent @entity2172 . Her mother had history of early onset @entity2521 associated with @entity4752 . Blood chemistry tests and immunological examinations were also performed. @entity527 samples were collected from the proximal sites of permanent molars, incisors, @entity235 and maxillary premolars. 27 different microbial species were isolated from the subgingival microflora. Among the predominant species were @entity2523 (17.6%-7.3%), @entity3288 (12.4%-4.7%), @entity11281 sputigena (14.4%-10.4%), @entity11281 (13.2%-6.9%) and @entity3841 (9.3%-5.5%). Periodontal treatment consisted of scaling, root planing in conjunction with antibiotic administration of @entity10188 312.5 mg and @entity868 200 mg, each t.i.d. for 10 days. 3 weeks after the antibiotic therapy, bacterial samples were collected from the same sites. All the periodontal pathogens were recovered in lower levels and A.actinomycetemcomitans was almost eliminated in the 3-week period. The evaluation of clinical indices at 3, 6 and 12 months showed that periodontal treatment in conjunction with antibiotics was effective and rapidly followed by marked clinical improvement. The microbiological monitoring at 3, 6 and 12 months after antibiotic treatment and each time prior to supportive periodontal care, revealed that the periodontal pathogens fluctuated in low levels even 12 months after treatment and could be maintained at low level by supportive periodontal care at 3-month intervals.

title: Subgingival microflora and treatment in XXXX associated with @entity4752 .

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['otitis media']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['Subgingival plaque']

entities_list: @entity11281 :: ('1018', 'Species') :: ['Capnocytophaga', 'Capnocytophaga ochracea']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar bone loss']

entities_list: @entity6223 :: ('MESH:D010520', 'Disease') :: ['Prepubertal periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity5389 :: ('MESH:D014069', 'Disease') :: ['tonsilitis']

entities_list: @entity4752 :: ('MESH:C535815', 'Disease') :: ['chronic idiopathic neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity3288 :: ('28131', 'Species') :: ['Prevotella intermedia']

entities_list: @entity10188 :: ('MESH:D019980', 'Chemical') :: ['Augmentin']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3841 :: ('714', 'Species') :: ['Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['Porphyromonas gingivalis']

answer: @entity6223 :: (MESH:D010520,Disease) :: ['prepubertal periodontitis']


abstract: @entity6223 affects both primary and permanent dentition. The purpose of this study was to examine the composition of subgingival microflora of the permanent dentition in an 11-year-old Caucasian female, who had premature exfoliation of her deciduous teeth on her 5th year of age, and the response of this condition to the antibiotic therapy and supportive periodontal care. Gingival tissues were highly inflamed and @entity604 was detected radiographically. The @entity1 had experienced frequent @entity1729 , @entity5389 and recurrent @entity2172 . Her mother had history of early onset @entity2521 associated with @entity4752 . Blood chemistry tests and immunological examinations were also performed. @entity527 samples were collected from the proximal sites of permanent molars, incisors, @entity235 and maxillary premolars. 27 different microbial species were isolated from the subgingival microflora. Among the predominant species were @entity2523 (17.6%-7.3%), @entity3288 (12.4%-4.7%), @entity11281 sputigena (14.4%-10.4%), @entity11281 (13.2%-6.9%) and @entity3841 (9.3%-5.5%). Periodontal treatment consisted of scaling, root planing in conjunction with antibiotic administration of @entity10188 312.5 mg and @entity868 200 mg, each t.i.d. for 10 days. 3 weeks after the antibiotic therapy, bacterial samples were collected from the same sites. All the periodontal pathogens were recovered in lower levels and A.actinomycetemcomitans was almost eliminated in the 3-week period. The evaluation of clinical indices at 3, 6 and 12 months showed that periodontal treatment in conjunction with antibiotics was effective and rapidly followed by marked clinical improvement. The microbiological monitoring at 3, 6 and 12 months after antibiotic treatment and each time prior to supportive periodontal care, revealed that the periodontal pathogens fluctuated in low levels even 12 months after treatment and could be maintained at low level by supportive periodontal care at 3-month intervals.

title: Subgingival microflora and treatment in @entity6223 associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity4752 :: (MESH:C535815,Disease) :: ['chronic idiopathic neutropenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 satisfaction scores are increasing in importance. Although the influence of selected @entity1 and physician characteristics on satisfaction scores has been identified, the impact of different pediatric diagnoses is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare @entity1 satisfaction scores in visits for @entity615 with visits for @entity5149 or @entity1635 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis of @entity1 satisfaction scores from pediatric visits for @entity615 , @entity5149 , and @entity1635 at three tertiary centers was performed. Satisfaction data were obtained from survey questions that used a 5-point scale ranging from very poor (1) to very good (5). Statistical analysis was performed using   (2) and Fisher exact tests. RESULTS: Data from 565 visits for @entity1635 , 81 for @entity5149 , and 57 for @entity615 were used. The mean scores in @entity615 visits for the likelihood of recommending the care provider, confidence in the care provider, and explanation by the care provider were 4.87, 4.79, and 4.70, respectively. These scores were not lower than visits for @entity1635 and @entity5149 (P < 0.05). The mean score for likelihood to recommend the practice after @entity615 visits was 4.73, with more scores of 3 or higher than @entity5149 or @entity1635 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Satisfaction scores in pediatric @entity1 with @entity615 were not lower than visits for @entity1635 or @entity5149 . Future research can be directed toward identifying common goals in visits for pediatric @entity615 to further improve the @entity1 experience.

title: Influence of Back Pain on XXXX Satisfaction Scores.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['mechanical back pain', 'back pain']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity51 ( @entity51 ) is a marker of tissue @entity519 in @entity1230 @entity1 . It guides resuscitative measures, and predicts outcomes, complications and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of @entity51 in @entity1 with isolated severe @entity131 ( @entity131 ), and to assess if it correlates with the outcomes in these @entity1 . METHOD: This was a retrospective observational study. All @entity1 over the age of 16 years presenting to Aga Khan University Hospital from 2009 to 2013 with @entity131 , were included. Data was extracted from 2009 to 2013. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) of 4 and 5 at last follow up was categorized as favorable outcome. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 19 and receiver operative curve (ROC) was generated for @entity51 as a predictor of mortality and unfavorable outcome. RESULTS: One hundred and eight @entity1 were analyzed. Ninety-eight (90.7%) were males. Mean age was 36.69      17.65. Eighty-eight (81.5%) @entity1 had @entity51 , while 20 (18.5%) @entity1 had base excess. 62 (58.5%) of the @entity1 had unfavorable outcomes. @entity51 on admission had a statistically significant negative correlation with Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) on presentation (r  =  -0.239, p  =  0.025) and Revised @entity130 Score (RTS) (r  =  -0.214, p  =  0.046). However, there was no statistically significant difference in means of @entity51 between survivors and non survivors. Area under receiver operator curve (ROC) for @entity51 as a predictor of mortality statistically non-significant. CONCLUSION: Although @entity51 is correlated with GCS at presentation and RTS, it is not a reliable prognostic marker for outcome and mortality in @entity1 with @entity131 .

title: Does base deficit predict mortality in @entity1 with severe XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury', 'isolated TBI']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['Base Deficit', 'BD']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['polytrauma']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic  brain injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity51 ( @entity51 ) is a marker of tissue @entity519 in @entity1230 @entity1 . It guides resuscitative measures, and predicts outcomes, complications and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of @entity51 in @entity1 with isolated severe @entity131 ( @entity131 ), and to assess if it correlates with the outcomes in these @entity1 . METHOD: This was a retrospective observational study. All @entity1 over the age of 16 years presenting to Aga Khan University Hospital from 2009 to 2013 with @entity131 , were included. Data was extracted from 2009 to 2013. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) of 4 and 5 at last follow up was categorized as favorable outcome. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 19 and receiver operative curve (ROC) was generated for @entity51 as a predictor of mortality and unfavorable outcome. RESULTS: One hundred and eight @entity1 were analyzed. Ninety-eight (90.7%) were males. Mean age was 36.69      17.65. Eighty-eight (81.5%) @entity1 had @entity51 , while 20 (18.5%) @entity1 had base excess. 62 (58.5%) of the @entity1 had unfavorable outcomes. @entity51 on admission had a statistically significant negative correlation with Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) on presentation (r  =  -0.239, p  =  0.025) and Revised @entity130 Score (RTS) (r  =  -0.214, p  =  0.046). However, there was no statistically significant difference in means of @entity51 between survivors and non survivors. Area under receiver operator curve (ROC) for @entity51 as a predictor of mortality statistically non-significant. CONCLUSION: Although @entity51 is correlated with GCS at presentation and RTS, it is not a reliable prognostic marker for outcome and mortality in @entity1 with @entity131 .

title: Does base deficit predict mortality in XXXX with severe @entity131 ?

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this randomized controlled trial, we examined whether intra- and postoperative infusion of low-dose @entity3652 decreased postoperative @entity1286 requirement and @entity1286 -related adverse effects as @entity1209 after @entity1635 surgery. METHODS: After IRB approval and informed consent, 36 @entity1 , aged 10-19  years, undergoing posterior correction surgery for adolescent @entity2112 , were randomly allocated into two groups: intra- and postoperative @entity3652 infusion at a rate of 2   g/kg/min until 48  h after surgery ( @entity3652 group, n  =  17) or infusion of an equal volume of saline (placebo group, n  =  19). All @entity1 were administered total intravenous anesthesia with @entity1875 and @entity1937 during surgery and intravenous @entity1286 using a @entity1 -controlled analgesia device after surgery. The primary outcome was cumulative @entity1286 consumption in the initial 48  h after surgery. @entity158 scores (Numerical Rating Scale, @entity13295 , 0-10), sedation scales, incidence of @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ), and antiemetic consumption were recorded by nurses blinded to the study protocol for 48  h after surgery. RESULTS: @entity1 characteristics did not differ between the two groups. Cumulative @entity1286 consumption for 48  h after surgery was significantly lower in the @entity3652 group compared to the placebo group (0.89      0.08  mg/kg vs. 1.16      0.07  mg/kg, 95% confidence interval for difference between the means, 0.03-0.48  mg/kg, P  =  0.019). @entity13295 @entity158 , sedation scales, and incidence of @entity1209 did not differ between the two groups. Antiemetic consumption was significantly smaller in @entity3652 group. CONCLUSIONS: Intra- and postoperative infusion of low-dose @entity3652 reduced cumulative @entity1286 consumption and antiemetic requirement for 48  h after surgery.

title: Intra- and postoperative low-dose XXXX for adolescent @entity2112 surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['PONV', 'postoperative nausea and vomiting', 'nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity3652 :: (MESH:D007649,Chemical) :: ['ketamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this randomized controlled trial, we examined whether intra- and postoperative infusion of low-dose @entity3652 decreased postoperative @entity1286 requirement and @entity1286 -related adverse effects as @entity1209 after @entity1635 surgery. METHODS: After IRB approval and informed consent, 36 @entity1 , aged 10-19  years, undergoing posterior correction surgery for adolescent @entity2112 , were randomly allocated into two groups: intra- and postoperative @entity3652 infusion at a rate of 2   g/kg/min until 48  h after surgery ( @entity3652 group, n  =  17) or infusion of an equal volume of saline (placebo group, n  =  19). All @entity1 were administered total intravenous anesthesia with @entity1875 and @entity1937 during surgery and intravenous @entity1286 using a @entity1 -controlled analgesia device after surgery. The primary outcome was cumulative @entity1286 consumption in the initial 48  h after surgery. @entity158 scores (Numerical Rating Scale, @entity13295 , 0-10), sedation scales, incidence of @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ), and antiemetic consumption were recorded by nurses blinded to the study protocol for 48  h after surgery. RESULTS: @entity1 characteristics did not differ between the two groups. Cumulative @entity1286 consumption for 48  h after surgery was significantly lower in the @entity3652 group compared to the placebo group (0.89      0.08  mg/kg vs. 1.16      0.07  mg/kg, 95% confidence interval for difference between the means, 0.03-0.48  mg/kg, P  =  0.019). @entity13295 @entity158 , sedation scales, and incidence of @entity1209 did not differ between the two groups. Antiemetic consumption was significantly smaller in @entity3652 group. CONCLUSIONS: Intra- and postoperative infusion of low-dose @entity3652 reduced cumulative @entity1286 consumption and antiemetic requirement for 48  h after surgery.

title: Intra- and postoperative low-dose @entity3652 for adolescent XXXX surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity2112 :: (MESH:C564593,Disease) :: ['idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: 1. The contribution of reactive @entity1568 species to the development of airway hyperresponsiveness in a @entity19 model of @entity32 was investigated by the use of selective inhibitors of @entity842 and @entity224 formation. 2. Sensitized @entity19 , repeatedly challenged with @entity10328 showed a significant (P<0.001, n=9) increase in airway responsiveness measured using whole body plethysmography. This hyperresponsiveness was accompanied by an influx of eosinophils into the airway lumen and increased levels of @entity10328 -specific serum IgE. 3. Treatment of @entity19 with the iNOS inhibitor 1400 W or the @entity1110 -oxidase inhibitor @entity12824 did not significantly alter cellular influx into the airway lumen nor serum @entity10328 specific IgE. In contrast, @entity12824 as well as 1400 W inhibited @entity10328 -induced airway hyperresponsiveness (P<0.001 and P<0.05 respectively, n=9). Furthermore, the airways of allergen challenged animals showed clear @entity6837 staining, which was mainly located in eosinophils. Remarkably, treatment with @entity12824 or 1400 W did not alter @entity6837 staining. 4. These data suggest that the development of airway hyperresponsiveness during the airway inflammation upon @entity10328 challenge is dependent on the release of both @entity224 and @entity842 and is therefore likely to be dependent on reactive @entity1568 species. This mechanism, however, is not reflected by @entity6837 formation in the airways.

title: XXXX and 1400 W prevents airway hyperresponsiveness during allergic reactions in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['allergic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity6837 :: ('CHEBI:44454', 'Chemical') :: ['3-nitrotyrosine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity12824 :: (MESH:C056165,Chemical) :: ['Apocynin']


abstract: 1. The contribution of reactive @entity1568 species to the development of airway hyperresponsiveness in a @entity19 model of @entity32 was investigated by the use of selective inhibitors of @entity842 and @entity224 formation. 2. Sensitized @entity19 , repeatedly challenged with @entity10328 showed a significant (P<0.001, n=9) increase in airway responsiveness measured using whole body plethysmography. This hyperresponsiveness was accompanied by an influx of eosinophils into the airway lumen and increased levels of @entity10328 -specific serum IgE. 3. Treatment of @entity19 with the iNOS inhibitor 1400 W or the @entity1110 -oxidase inhibitor @entity12824 did not significantly alter cellular influx into the airway lumen nor serum @entity10328 specific IgE. In contrast, @entity12824 as well as 1400 W inhibited @entity10328 -induced airway hyperresponsiveness (P<0.001 and P<0.05 respectively, n=9). Furthermore, the airways of allergen challenged animals showed clear @entity6837 staining, which was mainly located in eosinophils. Remarkably, treatment with @entity12824 or 1400 W did not alter @entity6837 staining. 4. These data suggest that the development of airway hyperresponsiveness during the airway inflammation upon @entity10328 challenge is dependent on the release of both @entity224 and @entity842 and is therefore likely to be dependent on reactive @entity1568 species. This mechanism, however, is not reflected by @entity6837 formation in the airways.

title: @entity12824 and 1400 W prevents airway hyperresponsiveness during allergic reactions in XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: The @entity238 mutants amnesiac, @entity36379 ( @entity36379 ), and rutabaga were isolated after associative conditioning tests, during which animals were trained to associate the presence of an odor with that of @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ). In the absence of conditioning, the odor avoidance (OA) of these mutants was shown to be normal, indicating that their poor associative conditioning performance was attributable to specific @entity4207 . However, I show that the OA of the mutants is greatly decreased after their exposure to @entity1457 . This effect can last for hours. These results strongly suggest that part of the defect displayed by these mutants in associative conditioning tests does not correspond to a @entity4207 but might arise from abnormal sensitivity to stressful stimuli. I looked at the OA after @entity1457 of two previously characterized @entity36379 mutants. Df(1)N79f specifically decreases @entity36379 expression in the mushroom bodies, leading to a normal level of learning but decreased memory. Df(1)N79f mutants displayed a normal OA after @entity1457 . Df(1)N64j15 affects the entire brain expression of @entity36379 , leading to decreased learning and memory. Df(1)N64j15 animals showed a strong decrease of their OA after @entity1457 . Thus, the lack of @entity36379 "general" expression is most likely responsible for the @entity1314 , which would be responsible for the apparent @entity4207 after conditioning. In contrast, the @entity36379 phosphodiesterase accumulated in the mushroom bodies would be involved specifically in memory formation.

title: Decreased odor avoidance after electric shock in XXXX mutants biases learning and memory tests.

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['ES', 'electric shocks']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['learning or memory deficits', 'learning defect', 'learning or memory deficit']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: CONTEXT: Measurement of @entity3745 (Tg) by mass spectrometry (Tg-MS) is emerging as a tool for accurate Tg quantification in patients with anti-Tg autoantibodies (TgAbs). OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to perform analytical and clinical evaluations of two Tg-MS assays in comparison with immunometric Tg assays (Tg-IAs) and Tg RIAs (Tg-RIAs) in a cohort of @entity259 @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 589 samples from 495 @entity1 , 243 TgAb-/252 TgAb+, were tested by Beckman, Roche, Siemens-Immulite, and Thermo-Brahms Tg and TgAb assays, two Tg-RIAs, and two Tg-MS assays. RESULTS: The frequency of TgAb+ was 58%, 41%, 27%, and 39% for Roche, Beckman, Siemens-Immulite, and Thermo-Brahms, respectively. In TgAb- samples, clinical sensitivities and specificities of 100% and 74%-100%, respectively, were observed across all assays. In TgAb+ samples, all Tg-IAs demonstrated assay-dependent Tg underestimation, ranging from 41% to 86%. In TgAb+ samples, the use of a common cutoff (0.5 ng/mL) for the Tg-MS, three Tg-IAs, and the USC-RIA improved the sensitivity for the Tg-MSs and Tg-RIAs when compared with the Tg-IAs. In up to 20% of TgAb+ cases, Tg-IAs failed to detect Tg that was detectable by Tg-MS. In Tg-RIAs false-high biases were observed in TgAb+ samples containing low Tg concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Tg-IAs remain the method of choice for Tg quantitation in TgAb- @entity1 . In TgAb+ @entity1 with undetectable Tg by immunometric assay, the Tg-MS will detect Tg in up to 20% additional cases. The Tg-RIA will detect Tg in approximately 35% cases, but a significant proportion of these will be clinical false-positive results. The undetectable Tg-MS seen in approximately 40% of TgAb+ cases in @entity1 with disease need further evaluation.

title: XXXX (Tg) Testing Revisited: Tg Assays, TgAb Assays, and Correlation of Results With Clinical Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity3745 :: (7038,Gene) :: ['Thyroglobulin']


abstract: CONTEXT: Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L., Asteraceae) is an ancient herb, which is widely used as a medicine, flavoring, or fragrance. OBJECTIVE: To determine the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of aerial parts of tarragon, we investigated the effects of ethanolic extract of the plant in adult male Balb/c @entity19 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antinociceptive activity was determined using @entity406 , hot-plate, and writhing tests. The effect of the ethanolic extract on acute @entity32 was evaluated by @entity11574 -induced ear @entity4 in @entity19 . The ethanolic extract was administered at doses of 5, 10, 50, and 100   mg/kg, i.p. The control group received saline as vehicle of ethanolic extract. RESULTS: Our results showed that the ethanolic extract (50 and 100   mg/kg) decreased both phases of @entity158 in the @entity406 test (ED50   =   109.66 and 87.13   mg/kg, respectively). In the hot-plate test, the extract (50 and 100   mg/kg) increased @entity158 threshold during 60   min (ED50   =   81.03   mg/kg). The extract (50 and 100   mg/kg) exhibited antinociceptive activity against @entity1543 -induced writhing (ED50   =   66.99   mg/kg). The extract (50 and 100   mg/kg) showed significant activity in the xylene ear @entity4 test (ED50   =   78.20   mg/kg). Pretreatment of the animals with @entity1510 decreased the @entity1337 induced by the extract in hot-plate and @entity406 tests; therefore, opioid receptors may be involved, at least partly, in the analgesic effect of tarragon extract. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results suggested that tarragon have significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in @entity19 , and, therefore, further studies are required to evaluate these effects and additional potential of the plant.

title: Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the aerial parts of Artemisia dracunculus in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses green plants (living machines) for removal of contaminants of concern (COC). These plant species have the potential to remove the COC, thereby restoring the original condition of soil or water environment. The present study focuses on assessing the heavy metals (COC) present in the contaminated water bodies of Ranchi city, Jharkhand, India. Phytoremedial potential of three plant species: @entity35600 , Eichornia crassipes and Monochoria hastata were assessed in the present study. Heterogenous accumulation of metals was found in the three plant species. It was observed that the ratio of heavy metal concentration was different in different parts, i.e., shoots and roots. Positive results were also obtained for translocation factor of all species with minimum of 0.10 and maximum of 1. It was found experimentally that M. hastata has the maximum BFC for root as 4.32 and shoot as 2.70 (for @entity921 ). For @entity35600 , BCF of maximum was observed for root (163.5) and respective shoot 86.46 (for @entity68 ), followed by 7.3 and 5.8 for root and shoot (for @entity921 ) respectively. E. crassipes was found to possess a maximum BCF of 278.6 (for @entity921 and 151 (for @entity68 ) and shoot as 142 (for @entity921 ) and 36.13 (for @entity68 ).

title: Phytoremedial Potential of XXXX , Eichornia crassipes and Monochoria hastata found in Contaminated Water Bodies Across Ranchi City (India).

entities_list: @entity35600 :: ('4733', 'Species') :: ['T. latifolia', 'Typha latifolia']

entities_list: @entity921 :: ('MESH:D008345', 'Chemical') :: ['Manganese']

answer: @entity35600 :: (4733,Species) :: ['Typha latifolia']


abstract: Serological methods have been used for detecting infection with @entity4430 . We have applied a serological test to explore the possibility it could detect a bacterial relapse among @entity1 who have been cured with chemotherapy. More specifically we used an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) using the natural disaccharide (ND) of the phenolic glycolipid antigen of @entity4430 linked to bovine serum albumin as antigen. Antibody levels were measured in sera from normal controls, active @entity1201 cases, cured @entity1201 @entity1 , and relapsing @entity1201 @entity1 . We correlated antibody levels with the type of @entity1201 , the bacterial index, and with relapse among @entity1201 @entity1 . In our hands, the ND-ELISA, when applied to screening for infection with @entity4430 , had excellent sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and both a low false positive rate and a low false negative rate. Antibody levels gradually increased among active @entity1 from the tuberculoid to the lepromatous end of the @entity1201 spectrum. There was a year-by-year fall in antibody levels in @entity1 responding to chemotherapy. Antibody levels and the bacterial index were correlated using the Spearman's rank correlation method. Serial antibody levels were measured in 666 @entity1201 @entity1 after being cured with @entity3761 monotherapy. Over a three year follow up, 95 multibacillary patients became antibody positive and 12 of them had bacterial relapses of their disease. In contrast, among 335 cases that remained antibody negative, only one relapse was seen. Among 44 paucibacillary cured @entity1 who became antibody positive, there was one relapse. There were 192 such @entity1 who remained antibody negative and one relapsed. The risk of relapse is 6.7 times higher among cured multibacillary @entity1 compared to cured paucibacillary @entity1 . Overall, the cumulative relapse rate among antibody positive cases was 13.7%, compared to 0.4% among antibody negative @entity1 . We conclude that the ND-ELISA is a useful tool both for screening for @entity281 with @entity4430 and for predicting a relapse in cured @entity1 , particularly in cured multibacillary @entity1 .

title: A study on a possibility of predicting early relapse in XXXX using a ND-O-BSA based ELISA.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['early infection']

entities_list: @entity4430 :: ('1769', 'Species') :: ['M. leprae', 'Mycobacterium leprae']

entities_list: @entity1201 :: ('MESH:D007918', 'Disease') :: ['leprosy', 'cured leprosy']

answer: @entity1201 :: (MESH:D007918,Disease) :: ['leprosy']


abstract: Obesity is characterized by hemodynamic and metabolic alterations. Autonomic control on cardiac function involvement is controversial. The aim of the study was to assess early sign of cardiac @entity5433 in @entity28 , using time- and frequency-domain heart rate variability (HRV) analysis in a pediatric population. METHODS: 32 @entity28 @entity1 (OB) (17 M, 15 F; 13.9 +/- 1.7 y) were compared with 13 healthy lean subjects (7 M, 6 F; 12.9 +/- 1.6 y). For each @entity1 , the authors performed a clinical examination, laboratory testing, blood pressure (BP) measurements, and 24-hour electrocardiograph/ambulatory BP monitoring. The spectral power was quantified in total power, low-frequency (LF) power, index of sympathetic tone, high-frequency (HF) power, index of vagal tone, and LF/HF ratio. Low frequency and HF were averaged to obtain 3 measures: 24-hour, daytime, and nighttime levels. Total, long-term, and short-term time-domain HRV values were calculated. RESULTS: The @entity28 @entity1 had higher casual and ambulatory BP, and higher fasting @entity413 , insulin, and @entity412 levels. Overall HRV values were not significantly lower in OB. The @entity28 @entity1 had significantly lower 24-hour and nighttime high-frequency normalized units, and time-domain measures of vagal activity. Low-frequency power showed an inverse but not significant pattern. The OB group had significantly greater 24-hour and nighttime LF/HF ratios. CONCLUSIONS: The authors found an increase in heart rate and in BP associated with parasympathetic heart rate control decrease in stabilized @entity28 normotensive @entity1 .

title: Heart rate variability in childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Survival was prolonged in selected @entity1 with sustained @entity943 who received @entity737 ( @entity737 ) in the @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) study. The Midlands trial of empirical @entity2643 versus electrophysiologically guided intervention and cardioverter implant in @entity943 (MAVERIC) registry is a population based trial. OBJECTIVE: To determine the number of @entity1 who satisfy the @entity2132 criteria because of the high cost of @entity737 . DESIGN: Observational study, based on a continuing trial. SETTING: All coronary care units in the Midlands region in the United Kingdom (population 9.1 million). @entity1 : @entity1 presenting to a coronary care unit with sustained @entity943 not related to an acute @entity583 are entered onto the registry. Those who consent to the MAVERIC study are randomised to receive either empirical @entity2643 or electrophysiologically guided treatment. Demographic data, details of clinical presentation, and echocardiographic findings are collected. These data have been used to calculate the number of @entity1 who satisfy the @entity2132 criteria and would benefit from @entity1479 implantation. The financial implications have been calculated for the region and nationally. RESULTS: 132 @entity1 were entered onto the registry during the first five months of the MAVERIC study; 69 @entity1 fulfilled the @entity2132 criteria. Extrapolation of these data over a 12 month period suggests implantation of at least 166 new @entity737 (compared with 23 implants in 1996). This would increase the UK @entity1479 implant rate from five to at least 18 per million of the population, costing the National Health Service 24.1 Pounds million per annum. CONCLUSION: Application of the @entity2132 criteria in the UK will cause a great increase in the @entity1479 implant rate, with serious financial implications.

title: Potential impact of antiarrhythmic drugs versus implantable defibrillators on the management of @entity943 : the Midlands trial of empirical XXXX versus electrophysiologically guided intervention and cardioverter implant registry data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICDs', 'implantable cardioverter defibrillators']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['antiarrhythmics versus implantable defibrillators', 'AVID']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity2643 :: (MESH:D000638,Chemical) :: ['amiodarone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Survival was prolonged in selected @entity1 with sustained @entity943 who received @entity737 ( @entity737 ) in the @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) study. The Midlands trial of empirical @entity2643 versus electrophysiologically guided intervention and cardioverter implant in @entity943 (MAVERIC) registry is a population based trial. OBJECTIVE: To determine the number of @entity1 who satisfy the @entity2132 criteria because of the high cost of @entity737 . DESIGN: Observational study, based on a continuing trial. SETTING: All coronary care units in the Midlands region in the United Kingdom (population 9.1 million). @entity1 : @entity1 presenting to a coronary care unit with sustained @entity943 not related to an acute @entity583 are entered onto the registry. Those who consent to the MAVERIC study are randomised to receive either empirical @entity2643 or electrophysiologically guided treatment. Demographic data, details of clinical presentation, and echocardiographic findings are collected. These data have been used to calculate the number of @entity1 who satisfy the @entity2132 criteria and would benefit from @entity1479 implantation. The financial implications have been calculated for the region and nationally. RESULTS: 132 @entity1 were entered onto the registry during the first five months of the MAVERIC study; 69 @entity1 fulfilled the @entity2132 criteria. Extrapolation of these data over a 12 month period suggests implantation of at least 166 new @entity737 (compared with 23 implants in 1996). This would increase the UK @entity1479 implant rate from five to at least 18 per million of the population, costing the National Health Service 24.1 Pounds million per annum. CONCLUSION: Application of the @entity2132 criteria in the UK will cause a great increase in the @entity1479 implant rate, with serious financial implications.

title: Potential impact of antiarrhythmic drugs versus implantable defibrillators on the management of XXXX : the Midlands trial of empirical @entity2643 versus electrophysiologically guided intervention and cardioverter implant registry data.

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: The development of the @entity1 inner ear involves a complex series of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. These interactions are likely to be mediated by families of adhesion molecules, including the integrins. We have studied the expression of three integrin subunits known to be expressed on epithelia in a number of tissues (namely, @entity11403 , @entity24145 , and @entity1227 ) during the development of the @entity19 inner ear. At E10.5, both @entity70676 were expressed in the epithelial layers of the otocyst. The expression of @entity24145 was concentrated in an anterioventral region of the epithelium and in a proportion of the cells forming the cochlear-vestibular and @entity21 . By E12.5, @entity24145 showed a more restricted expression, confined mainly to the pro-sensory epithelia and the neural processes from the cochlear-vestibular ganglion. In contrast, @entity11403 was expressed in epithelia adjacent to the pro-sensory areas. This reciprocal expression pattern was maintained until birth. Between birth and P6, a switch in expression occurred such that @entity11403 was upregulated and @entity24145 was downregulated in the sensory epithelia of both the auditory and vestibular systems. At this stage, @entity11403 was expressed in all the epithelia lining the scala media, thus defining the endolymph compartment. The expression of @entity1227 was restricted to epithelial/mesenchymal borders throughout the developmental stages studied, suggesting that @entity24145 expression observed within the epithelium and neuronal tissue was alpha6beta1. The early expression and changing pattern of @entity11403 and @entity24145 integrins during development of the @entity1 inner ear suggests that they may be involved in the molecular processes that define epithelial boundaries and guide sensory innervation.

title: Differential expression of XXXX integrins in the developing @entity19 inner ear.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['facial ganglia']

answer: @entity70676 :: (110834;14399,Gene) :: ['alpha 3 and alpha 6']


abstract: The development of the @entity1 inner ear involves a complex series of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. These interactions are likely to be mediated by families of adhesion molecules, including the integrins. We have studied the expression of three integrin subunits known to be expressed on epithelia in a number of tissues (namely, @entity11403 , @entity24145 , and @entity1227 ) during the development of the @entity19 inner ear. At E10.5, both @entity70676 were expressed in the epithelial layers of the otocyst. The expression of @entity24145 was concentrated in an anterioventral region of the epithelium and in a proportion of the cells forming the cochlear-vestibular and @entity21 . By E12.5, @entity24145 showed a more restricted expression, confined mainly to the pro-sensory epithelia and the neural processes from the cochlear-vestibular ganglion. In contrast, @entity11403 was expressed in epithelia adjacent to the pro-sensory areas. This reciprocal expression pattern was maintained until birth. Between birth and P6, a switch in expression occurred such that @entity11403 was upregulated and @entity24145 was downregulated in the sensory epithelia of both the auditory and vestibular systems. At this stage, @entity11403 was expressed in all the epithelia lining the scala media, thus defining the endolymph compartment. The expression of @entity1227 was restricted to epithelial/mesenchymal borders throughout the developmental stages studied, suggesting that @entity24145 expression observed within the epithelium and neuronal tissue was alpha6beta1. The early expression and changing pattern of @entity11403 and @entity24145 integrins during development of the @entity1 inner ear suggests that they may be involved in the molecular processes that define epithelial boundaries and guide sensory innervation.

title: Differential expression of @entity70676 integrins in the developing XXXX inner ear.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity358 is the most important factor concerning quality of life and survival rate in the approximately 250 @entity1 with @entity1577 in Norway. Pulmonary high-resolution CT has been advocated as a precise diagnostic method, that offers the opportunity to detect slight disease progression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 21 @entity1 (age 6-34) with high-resolution CT. The findings were scored using a modified Bhalla method, where score 0 is normal and score 27 reflects a maximal degree of e.g. @entity4595 and mucous plugging. RESULTS: Mean high-resolution CT score was 8.0 (range 0-22). @entity4595 was found in 17 out of 21 @entity1 , peribronchial wall thickening in 15 @entity1 and mucous plugging in 14 @entity1 . The Bhalla score showed a close correlation with forced expiratory volume in one second (r = -0.844, p < 0.01). INTERPRETATION: High-resolution CT characterises very well the lung pathology in @entity1 with @entity1577 . The degree of pathology assessed with a modified Bhalla score correlates well with forced expiratory volume in one second.

title: [High-resolution computer tomography in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Worsening lung disease']

entities_list: @entity4595 :: ('MESH:D001987', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchiectasis', 'bronchiectasis']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity1577 :: (MESH:D003550,Disease) :: ['cystic fibrosis']


abstract: (Full text is available at http://www.manu.edu.mk/prilozi). INTRODUCTION: "Triple" negative @entity0 is a subgroup of so-called basal-like @entity0 . They are represented with 15% of all @entity0 , characterized with lack of @entity5282 as well as with negative expression of @entity1722 test. These @entity5 are more frequent in Afro-Americans and Latin-Americans, in @entity1 with @entity5345 mutations and in @entity1 with recent delivery. The aim of this study is to present the immunohistochemical and clinico-pathological characteristics of the @entity0 and their correlation with expression of the protein product of the @entity5 suppressor gene @entity876 . METHODS: A retrospective analyses of 24 @entity1 with @entity0 was performed. All of the @entity1 were evaluated in the Histopathological Laboratory of the Clinical Hospital Sistina, during the period from June 2009, until June 2011. The standard immunohistochemical procedures, including the @entity5282 status, @entity1722 status, proliferative index - Ki67 and @entity876 gene protein product were performed, as well as additional immunohistochemical staining for so-called basal keratins ( @entity4205 and high molecular weight cytokeratin 34BE12). RESULTS: The age of the @entity1 ranged from 29-77 years. Positive lymph nodes were found in 14 (59%) @entity1 . The @entity5 was poorly differentiated in 19 @entity1 (79%). Overexpression of the @entity876 protein product was evaluated in 19 (79%) of the cases. All @entity876 negative @entity1 (5/5) had poorly differentiated @entity5 (G3), associated with positive regional lymph nodes. The @entity876 positive group expressed quite opposite correlation, only 9/19 (47%) were with positive lymph nodes (p = 0.03). The expression of @entity876 protein product was also associated with the nuclear grade (p = 0.005), the mitotic index (p = 0.001), lymph-vascular invasion (p = 0.005) and with the proliferation index Ki67 (p = 0.003). There was a trend for association with the @entity5 size - pT (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results, the triple negative @entity0 are subgroup of the poorly differentiated @entity5 frequently associated in the younger age groups. The majority of these have overexpression of the @entity876 protein product, which in other hand, are inversely correlated with lymph nodes metastases. Hence, the necessity of enriching the immunohistochemical protocol of these @entity1 with new antibodies, in order to evaluate their expression, which would be helpful for prediction the outcome of different therapeutical modalities. Key words: @entity0 , triple negative, @entity876 protein product.

title: Expression of XXXX protein product in triple negative @entity0 and relation with clinical and histopathological parameters.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer', 'triple negative breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity5282 :: ('3164', 'Gene') :: ['hormone receptor']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: (Full text is available at http://www.manu.edu.mk/prilozi). INTRODUCTION: "Triple" negative @entity0 is a subgroup of so-called basal-like @entity0 . They are represented with 15% of all @entity0 , characterized with lack of @entity5282 as well as with negative expression of @entity1722 test. These @entity5 are more frequent in Afro-Americans and Latin-Americans, in @entity1 with @entity5345 mutations and in @entity1 with recent delivery. The aim of this study is to present the immunohistochemical and clinico-pathological characteristics of the @entity0 and their correlation with expression of the protein product of the @entity5 suppressor gene @entity876 . METHODS: A retrospective analyses of 24 @entity1 with @entity0 was performed. All of the @entity1 were evaluated in the Histopathological Laboratory of the Clinical Hospital Sistina, during the period from June 2009, until June 2011. The standard immunohistochemical procedures, including the @entity5282 status, @entity1722 status, proliferative index - Ki67 and @entity876 gene protein product were performed, as well as additional immunohistochemical staining for so-called basal keratins ( @entity4205 and high molecular weight cytokeratin 34BE12). RESULTS: The age of the @entity1 ranged from 29-77 years. Positive lymph nodes were found in 14 (59%) @entity1 . The @entity5 was poorly differentiated in 19 @entity1 (79%). Overexpression of the @entity876 protein product was evaluated in 19 (79%) of the cases. All @entity876 negative @entity1 (5/5) had poorly differentiated @entity5 (G3), associated with positive regional lymph nodes. The @entity876 positive group expressed quite opposite correlation, only 9/19 (47%) were with positive lymph nodes (p = 0.03). The expression of @entity876 protein product was also associated with the nuclear grade (p = 0.005), the mitotic index (p = 0.001), lymph-vascular invasion (p = 0.005) and with the proliferation index Ki67 (p = 0.003). There was a trend for association with the @entity5 size - pT (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results, the triple negative @entity0 are subgroup of the poorly differentiated @entity5 frequently associated in the younger age groups. The majority of these have overexpression of the @entity876 protein product, which in other hand, are inversely correlated with lymph nodes metastases. Hence, the necessity of enriching the immunohistochemical protocol of these @entity1 with new antibodies, in order to evaluate their expression, which would be helpful for prediction the outcome of different therapeutical modalities. Key words: @entity0 , triple negative, @entity876 protein product.

title: Expression of @entity876 protein product in triple negative XXXX and relation with clinical and histopathological parameters.

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancers']


abstract: Some epidemiological studies suggest association of @entity5 with occupational exposure of the parents to magnetic fields. To test this relationship, 50 each of C57BL/6J female and C3H/HeJ male @entity19 were exposed for 2 and 9 weeks, respectively, to 50 Hz sham (group A), 0.5 (group B), and 5 mT (group C) sinusoidal alternating magnetic fields. They were mated under the exposure for up to 2 weeks, and the exposure was continued until parturition. All the B6C3F1 offspring, without adjusting numbers of animals, were clinically observed without exposure to magnetic field for a nominal 78 weeks from 6-8 weeks of age after weaning and then euthanized for pathological examination according to a routine carcinogenicity test. 540 pups entered the test, and the survival rate was 96.7%. No F1 @entity19 died of @entity5 before a male in A group died of @entity5 at 43 weeks of age. The first animal death in the exposed groups due to @entity5 occurred at 71 weeks of age. Eighteen animals died before necropsy at 84-86 weeks of age. No significant difference was detected in the final number of survivors and incidence of @entity5 between groups A and B, or A and C. Concerning reproduction total implants in group B were less than in group A and the difference was on the borderline of significance (P=.05). This difference was not reproduced in a later duplicate experiment.

title: Carcinogenicity test in B6C3F1 XXXX after parental and prenatal exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumoral diseases', 'tumor', 'tumors', 'childhood cancer', 'stomach cancer']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: PURPOSE: Management of @entity957 of undetermined @entity5 in the head and neck region is controversial. Here we report the Southern California Kaiser Permanente experience with these @entity1 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: From January 1969 through December 1994, 106 @entity1 were eligible for this retrospective analysis. Distribution of nodal staging was as follows: 14 N1, 27 N2A, 39 N2B, 2 @entity70677 , and 24 N3. Initial treatment included excisional biopsy alone in 12, radical neck dissection alone in 29, radiotherapy alone in 24, excisional biopsy followed by radiotherapy in 15, and radical neck dissection plus postoperative radiation in 26 @entity1 . RESULTS: Except for two @entity1 , all @entity1 have had a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Overall, 57 @entity1 (54%) have had recurrences. Only two @entity1 (3%) who had received radiotherapy as part of their initial treatment had an appearance of a potential primary site inside the irradiated field vs 13 @entity1 (32%) who had not received radiotherapy (p =.006). Combined modality therapy resulted in fewer neck relapses, particularly in @entity1 with @entity1442 . Including salvage, surgery alone as the initial treatment resulted in 81% ultimate @entity5 control above the clavicle for @entity1 with N1 and N2a disease without extracapsular extension. The 5-year survival for the entire population was 53%. Radiotherapy alone resulted in poor survival in @entity1 with advanced/unresectable neck disease. No significant difference in survival based on the initial treatment was found. The statistically significant adverse factors in determining survival included advanced nodal stage and the presence of extracapsular extension. CONCLUSIONS: Radiotherapy is very effective in reducing the rate of appearance of a potential primary site. However, in the absence of @entity1442 (N1 and N2A without extracapsular extension), radiotherapy can be reserved for salvage. Radiotherapy alone results in poor outcomes in @entity1 with advanced/unresectable neck disease, and incorporation of concurrent chemotherapy and cytoprotective agents should be investigated.

title: Metastatic XXXX of the neck from an unknown primary: management options and patterns of relapse.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced neck disease']

entities_list: @entity70677 :: ('p|SUB|N|2|C', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['N2C']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) interstitial brachytherapy of the oral tongue is a new treatment modality. Our study evaluates the outcomes of @entity1 with early stage @entity5 as treated by @entity1168 interstitial implant. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 19 @entity1 who were seen between 1994 and 2000 with @entity1697 and whose @entity5 were treated solely with interstitial implant using @entity1168 remote afterloading technique. Ten @entity1 had T1 N0 disease, and the remaining 9 had T2 N0 disease. Elective neck treatment was withheld for 12 @entity1 . The remaining seven @entity1 had ipsilateral elective neck dissection. The male-female ratio was 1:0.9, and the median age was 60 years (range, 32-81 years). The median follow-up time was 43 months (range, 6-78 months). The afterloading catheters were positioned by the submandibular approach with the assistance of a template set. Fifteen @entity1 had single planar implants, and the remaining four had double planar implants. The median number of catheters inserted was 5 (range, 4-9). The median dose given was 55 Gy in 10 fractions over 6 days. The minimal interfraction interval was 7 hours for the first 7 @entity1 and was extended to 8 hours for the other 12. Mandibular shields were inserted before treatment. RESULTS: The @entity33 lasted for 6 to 20 weeks (median, 9 weeks). One @entity1 had local failure, and the 4-year local failure-free survival rate was 94.7%. Three of the 12 @entity1 without elective neck treatment had @entity177 develop. They were salvaged by neck node dissection and regionally remained in control. One @entity1 with multiple nodal metastases and extracapsular spread had biopsy-proven liver metastases and died 6 months after implant. One of the seven @entity1 who were treated with elective neck dissection had multiple nodal metastases and extracapsular spread. She was treated with postoperative radiotherapy to the neck. She died 30 months after implant with evidence of regional and distant failure. One @entity1 treated with double planar implant had grade II @entity39 of the soft tissue and bone develop. The @entity39 resolved with conservative treatment. Another four @entity1 had small area of soft tissue @entity51 attributed to aggressive debulking or biopsy before brachytherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience in treating @entity5 with @entity1168 remote afterloading technique is encouraging, because it gives a local control rate of 94.7% at 4 years with acceptable morbidity. Further studies are eagerly awaited to delineate the optimum schedule for this new treatment modality.

title: XXXX brachytherapy for early stage @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the oral tongue']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral tongue cancer', 'early stage tongue cancer', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral regional failure']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['deficit of the tongue']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['High dose rate', 'HDR']

answer: @entity1168 :: (MESH:D001919,Disease) :: ['High dose rate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) interstitial brachytherapy of the oral tongue is a new treatment modality. Our study evaluates the outcomes of @entity1 with early stage @entity5 as treated by @entity1168 interstitial implant. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 19 @entity1 who were seen between 1994 and 2000 with @entity1697 and whose @entity5 were treated solely with interstitial implant using @entity1168 remote afterloading technique. Ten @entity1 had T1 N0 disease, and the remaining 9 had T2 N0 disease. Elective neck treatment was withheld for 12 @entity1 . The remaining seven @entity1 had ipsilateral elective neck dissection. The male-female ratio was 1:0.9, and the median age was 60 years (range, 32-81 years). The median follow-up time was 43 months (range, 6-78 months). The afterloading catheters were positioned by the submandibular approach with the assistance of a template set. Fifteen @entity1 had single planar implants, and the remaining four had double planar implants. The median number of catheters inserted was 5 (range, 4-9). The median dose given was 55 Gy in 10 fractions over 6 days. The minimal interfraction interval was 7 hours for the first 7 @entity1 and was extended to 8 hours for the other 12. Mandibular shields were inserted before treatment. RESULTS: The @entity33 lasted for 6 to 20 weeks (median, 9 weeks). One @entity1 had local failure, and the 4-year local failure-free survival rate was 94.7%. Three of the 12 @entity1 without elective neck treatment had @entity177 develop. They were salvaged by neck node dissection and regionally remained in control. One @entity1 with multiple nodal metastases and extracapsular spread had biopsy-proven liver metastases and died 6 months after implant. One of the seven @entity1 who were treated with elective neck dissection had multiple nodal metastases and extracapsular spread. She was treated with postoperative radiotherapy to the neck. She died 30 months after implant with evidence of regional and distant failure. One @entity1 treated with double planar implant had grade II @entity39 of the soft tissue and bone develop. The @entity39 resolved with conservative treatment. Another four @entity1 had small area of soft tissue @entity51 attributed to aggressive debulking or biopsy before brachytherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience in treating @entity5 with @entity1168 remote afterloading technique is encouraging, because it gives a local control rate of 94.7% at 4 years with acceptable morbidity. Further studies are eagerly awaited to delineate the optimum schedule for this new treatment modality.

title: @entity1168 brachytherapy for early stage XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['oral tongue cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To describe the clinical syndrome and diagnostic tests in @entity1 with genetic @entity1579 (gPD) in Germany. Clinical features, MRI, EEG, and CSF markers were studied in 91 @entity1 (28 @entity50407 , 20 @entity13896 , 17 inserts, 13 @entity70678 , 8 @entity31967 , 5 @entity70480 ). @entity303 (35  %) and @entity2055 (29  %) were the most common initial symptoms and signs. A wide variety and high frequency of @entity16 and signs was found during disease course in all @entity1 independently of the type of the mutation. Psychiatric manifestations were frequent (87  %). @entity854 were observed in 67  %, and @entity2026 was the most common disturbance (45  %). In @entity13896 , @entity70678 and @entity50407 @entity1 , @entity227 were followed by @entity2055 . @entity303 followed by @entity2055 at onset was common in @entity1 with insert and @entity70480 mutation. @entity31967 @entity1 had @entity2055 over a longer time period followed by pyramidal signs. @entity303 was present only late in the disease course. All clinical routine tests such as MRI, EEG and CSF tests were less sensitive than in @entity16616 . We provide the first detailed analysis of clinical signs and symptoms in a large group of @entity1 with gPD. Frequency of clinical symptoms and signs was similar in different mutations in a later disease course, but the sequence of occurrence may be of great diagnostic importance. CSF markers were shown to be more sensitive than MRI and EEG.

title: Clinical findings and diagnosis in genetic XXXX in Germany.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual/oculomotor deficits']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['ataxia early in the disease', 'ataxia', 'isolated ataxia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological/psychiatric symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['prion diseases']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropsychological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity16616 :: ('MESH:C538481', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic CJD']

answer: @entity1579 :: (MESH:D017096,Disease) :: ['prion diseases']


abstract: The phytohormone auxin plays a central role in many aspects of plant growth and development. IAA is the most studied natural auxin that possesses the property of polar transport in plants. @entity12527 ( @entity3880 ) has also been recognized as a natural auxin for >40 years, but its role in plant growth and development remains unclear. In this study, we show that IAA and @entity3880 have overlapping regulatory roles but distinct transport characteristics as auxins in plants. @entity3880 is widely distributed in vascular and non-vascular plants. Although the biological activities of @entity3880 are lower than those of IAA, the endogenous levels of @entity3880 are much higher than those of IAA in various plant tissues in @entity958 . @entity3880 and @entity6207 can regulate the same set of auxin-responsive genes through the @entity50339 /AFB pathway in @entity958 . IAA actively forms concentration gradients in @entity2829 coleoptiles in response to gravitropic stimulation, whereas @entity3880 does not, indicating that @entity3880 is not actively transported in a polar manner. The induction of the YUCCA (YUC) genes increases @entity3880 metabolite levels in @entity958 , indicating that YUC @entity1785 -containing monooxygenases may play a role in @entity3880 biosynthesis. Our results provide new insights into the regulation of plant growth and development by different types of auxins.

title: Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and XXXX , Two Common Auxins in Plants.

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity12527 :: ('MESH:C025136', 'Chemical') :: ['Phenylacetic acid']

answer: @entity12527 :: (MESH:C025136,Chemical) :: ['Phenylacetic Acid']


abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of CT in the pre-operative evaluation of macroscopic @entity5 growth of @entity14 . 25 metastatic nodules of 18 @entity1 who underwent an initial hepatectomy for @entity14 were retrospectively evaluated. The CT appearance and pathological findings of the resected specimens were correlated. A number of unusual peritumoral features associated with @entity5 growth were detected by pre-operative CT. These were classified into three patterns: (1) thickened portal tract; (2) intrahepatic bile duct dilatation; and (3) a wedge-shaped area with enhancement. In 8 (32%) of the 25 nodules the portal tract was depicted as thicker than usual and these features were found proximal to the @entity5 in three instances, distal to the @entity5 in four instances, and both proximal and distal in one instance. All of the three @entity5 larger than 30 mm resulted in thickening of the portal tract. Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation was detected in association with 10 (40%) of 25 nodules. Bile duct dilatation was observed in more than one segment when @entity5 reached the hepatic hilus from the @entity5 . The presence of bile duct dilatation was not related to either the size of the @entity5 or the extent of @entity5 growth. An abnormally high density wedge-shaped area on contrast enhanced CT was another feature indicating @entity5 growth and was seen in association with four nodules. Such areas were seen in the liver parenchyma distal to the @entity5 on three occasions, or encompassing the @entity5 on one accasion. This wedge-shaped area appeared as a well demarcated dark red-brown region in the cut surface of the resected specimen. CT was useful for detecting the presence of @entity5 growth with these three patterns of radiological findings in @entity1 with liver metastases from @entity14

title: CT imaging of intrabiliary growth of XXXX : a comparison of pathological findings of resected specimens.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intrabiliary tumours', 'intrabiliary tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal liver metastases', 'colorectal liver metastasis', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal liver metastases']


abstract: Although radionuclide methods for the detection of @entity360 have been available for more than 20 years, the value of delayed images in @entity360 scintigraphy is still regarded controversially. The aim of this study was to determine the value of delayed images in a group of @entity1 with predominantly low-grade intermittent @entity548 . Eighty-nine consecutive @entity360 scintigraphies of 75 @entity1 were analysed retrospectively. All @entity1 were referred to our department after other diagnostic methods had failed to identify the localization of @entity360 . After the dynamic study, delayed images were acquired for up to 24 h until a @entity548 site was identified. Data on the clinical outcome were available in all but five @entity1 . No @entity1 with a negative scan died from @entity360 . A positive result was found in 41 @entity1 (55%). The scans of 11 of these 41 @entity1 (27%) became positive during dynamic imaging. Four required immediate surgery and, in another @entity1 , surgery was not performed because of diffuse @entity548 of the entire GI tract. One @entity1 died without surgical intervention. Thirty-three scans of 30 of these 41 @entity1 (73%) were positive on delayed imaging only, leading to surgery in 12 individuals. Our findings demonstrate the importance of delayed images in @entity360 scintigraphy. Many of our @entity1 who required surgery had scans that did not become positive for several hours.

title: The importance of delayed images in XXXX scintigraphy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['GI bleeding', 'gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: Undifferentiated @entity409 is rare. It is usually observed in @entity1 and adolescents. We report one case of @entity409 arising in @entity1 without any antecedent. The only symptom was right scapular @entity158 . The liver scan showed a multicystic lesion suspicious for infectious origin or a @entity5 . Serologies for ecchinococcus, @entity2040 and @entity3377 were negative. The treatment was a right hepatectomy. On gross examination, the @entity5 was unencapsulated, multicystic and contained large areas of @entity39 admixed with gelatinous areas. Microscopically, there were epithelioid and @entity5 cells in a myxo  d stroma. Lipoblastic-like or rhabdomyoblastic-like, giant cells and PAS positive hyaline globules in the cell cytoplasm were present. The @entity5 cells expressed @entity2277 , cytokeratin ( @entity6826 ), alpha-1-antitrypsin and smooth muscle actin. This observation shows that @entity409 may develop in adult @entity1 and should be taken into consideration in any differential diagnosis of @entity99 .

title: [Undifferentiated XXXX in an adult: a case report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'spindle tumor']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal sarcoma of the liver']

entities_list: @entity2040 :: ('MESH:D012552', 'Disease') :: ['schistosomiasis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['cystic hepatic tumor']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['embryonal sarcoma of the liver']