abstract: Two cell lines, @entity27521 and @entity27521 , were established from biopsied specimens of @entity320 of spindle B and mixed cell type morphologies. Both cell lines were phenotypically malignant. Karyotypic analyses revealed @entity1 chromosomes with a modal number of 95 and 85, respectively. These cell lines have been passaged for over 2 years and are essentially immortal. The cells grew without contact inhibition as monolayers in liquid culture or as clones in soft agar. Electron microscopy revealed @entity320 cells containing premelanosomes and cultures free from contamination by fibroblasts. To categorize the morphologies of these cultured cells better by the Callender classification, they were grown as xenografts in the anterior chambers of @entity95 immunosuppressed with daily i.m. doses of @entity205 (10 mg/kg). @entity5 plaques were detected after 10 days. The eyes were enucleated and fixed in @entity406 and stained with @entity1710 and @entity1711 for histopathological evaluation. The xenograft from @entity27521 was found to consist predominantly of spindle B-type @entity320 cells. In contrast, the xenograft from @entity27521 contained epithelioid, spindle B and clear cell ("balloon") @entity320 cells. The ability of these cell lines to grow as xenografts confirmed their neoplastic origin. In fact, the types of the @entity2184 cells in the xenografts resembled those in the original biopsied @entity5 . This suggests that the morphology of @entity1 @entity2184 cells is an inherited trait and may be genetically fairly stable.

title: Characterization of XXXX cell lines that grow as xenografts in @entity95 eyes.

answer: @entity2184 :: (MESH:C536494,Disease) :: ['uveal melanoma']


abstract: Recurrent tears after rotator cuff repairs are frequent. These could be influenced by excessive @entity2701 on a @entity528 and by @entity528 of the cuff muscles. The goal of this study was to evaluate the anatomic and functional results of @entity2701 -free cuff repairs with the excision of @entity75 in a series with limited muscular @entity528 index of rotator cuff muscles equal to or lower than 2. We studied 27 tears, comprising 13 cases involving both supraspinatus and infraspinatus tears, 13 cases with 3-tendon tears, and 1 case with only a supraspinatus tear. All shoulders were operated on through a transacromial approach easily repaired with 2 @entity702 screws with washers. To obtain a repair without @entity2701 , a single advancement was performed in 20 cases and a double advancement of both the supraspinatus and infraspinatus was done in 7 cases. The shoulders were evaluated clinically preoperatively and postoperatively with the non-weighted Constant score and anatomically with computed arthrotomography scans. The mean age at operation was 59.5 years, and the length of follow-up ranged from 1 to 4 years. Of the cuffs, 23 (85%) were watertight 1 year after surgery. No predictive factor of retear could be found. The functional improvement was statistically significant only for watertight cuffs, with an improvement of the Constant score from 57.8 to 75. The only predictive factor of functional outcome in this watertight group was the preoperative Constant score. Single and double advancements yielded similar functional results regardless of the extent of the initial tear, provided that the cuff was watertight at revision.

title: Tension-free cuff repairs with excision of macroscopic tendon lesions and muscular advancement: results in a prospective series with limited fatty XXXX .

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['macroscopic tendon lesions']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degenerated tendinous stump', 'fatty degeneration of the infraspinatus and a global fatty degeneration', 'fatty degeneration']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['muscular degeneration']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1 from the Indian subcontinent have high rates of @entity65 ( @entity65 ), studies of such in Indian and Pakistani @entity1 living in the United States are lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study accounted for variability in serum lipid (total @entity165 and @entity1674 ) and lipoprotein [LDL @entity165 , lipoprotein(a), and HDL @entity165 ] concentrations in Indian and Pakistani compared with American premenopausal @entity1 in the United States. Body composition, regional fat distribution, dietary intake, and energy expenditure were compared between groups. DESIGN: The 2 groups were 47 Indian and Pakistani and 47 American @entity1 . Health was assessed via medical history, physical activity, body composition (via anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), dietary intake (via 7-d food records), and serum lipids. RESULTS: Serum total @entity165 , @entity1674 , LDL @entity165 , lipoprotein(a), the ratio of total to HDL @entity165 , and the ratio of LDL to HDL @entity165 were greater (P <0.03), whereas HDL- @entity165 values were lower (P = 0.011) in Indians and @entity15449 than in Americans. Multiple regression analysis indicated that approximately 18% of the variance in total @entity165 (P = 0.0010) and LDL @entity165 (P = 0.0009) was accounted for by ethnicity, energy expenditure, and the ratio of the sum of central to the sum of peripheral skinfold thicknesses. Ethnicity, sum of central skinfold thicknesses, ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat, and monounsaturated fat intake accounted for approximately 43% of the variance in @entity1674 concentration (P < 0.0001). Monounsaturated fat, percentage body fat, and @entity167 intake accounted for approximately 26% of variance in HDL @entity165 . Ethnicity contributed approximately 22% of the 25% overall variance in lipoprotein(a). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that these Indian and Pakistani @entity1 are at higher @entity65 risk than their American counterparts, but that increasing their physical activity is likely to decrease overall and regional adiposity, thereby improving their serum lipid profiles.

title: XXXX risk factors in 2 distinct ethnic groups: Indian and Pakistani compared with American premenopausal @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity15449 :: ('MESH:C567551', 'Disease') :: ['Pakistanis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1 from the Indian subcontinent have high rates of @entity65 ( @entity65 ), studies of such in Indian and Pakistani @entity1 living in the United States are lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study accounted for variability in serum lipid (total @entity165 and @entity1674 ) and lipoprotein [LDL @entity165 , lipoprotein(a), and HDL @entity165 ] concentrations in Indian and Pakistani compared with American premenopausal @entity1 in the United States. Body composition, regional fat distribution, dietary intake, and energy expenditure were compared between groups. DESIGN: The 2 groups were 47 Indian and Pakistani and 47 American @entity1 . Health was assessed via medical history, physical activity, body composition (via anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), dietary intake (via 7-d food records), and serum lipids. RESULTS: Serum total @entity165 , @entity1674 , LDL @entity165 , lipoprotein(a), the ratio of total to HDL @entity165 , and the ratio of LDL to HDL @entity165 were greater (P <0.03), whereas HDL- @entity165 values were lower (P = 0.011) in Indians and @entity15449 than in Americans. Multiple regression analysis indicated that approximately 18% of the variance in total @entity165 (P = 0.0010) and LDL @entity165 (P = 0.0009) was accounted for by ethnicity, energy expenditure, and the ratio of the sum of central to the sum of peripheral skinfold thicknesses. Ethnicity, sum of central skinfold thicknesses, ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat, and monounsaturated fat intake accounted for approximately 43% of the variance in @entity1674 concentration (P < 0.0001). Monounsaturated fat, percentage body fat, and @entity167 intake accounted for approximately 26% of variance in HDL @entity165 . Ethnicity contributed approximately 22% of the 25% overall variance in lipoprotein(a). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that these Indian and Pakistani @entity1 are at higher @entity65 risk than their American counterparts, but that increasing their physical activity is likely to decrease overall and regional adiposity, thereby improving their serum lipid profiles.

title: @entity65 risk factors in 2 distinct ethnic groups: Indian and Pakistani compared with American premenopausal XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Traditional approaches to @entity890 are technically demanding and, if incorporating thoracotomy, can be associated with significant morbidity. New procedures have allowed discectomy with less @entity158 and morbidity. PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility, safety, and early outcome of a minimally invasive extracavitary approach (MI-ECA) for @entity1514 . STUDY DESIGN: Cadaver sessions and a short-term @entity1 study were performed on four cadavers and 10 @entity1 , respectively. Operative results and complications were studied, and early outcome was assessed using a Visual Pain Analog Scale, neurological status, and American @entity3510 Association (ASIA) classification. METHODS: Four fresh cadaver sessions, attempting all thoracic levels, were completed to determine the feasibility of the technique. Ten @entity1 with @entity602 caused by @entity890 were treated using the minimally invasive extracavitary approach. RESULTS: Intervertebral discs were successfully removed from all four cadavers using this procedure. No operative complications in the @entity1 series were documented. The mean operative time was 171 minutes (150-220), mean estimated @entity190 was 215 cc (60-350), and hospital stay for all @entity1 was one night. No @entity260 were encountered. All @entity1 returned to work within 4 weeks after discharge. Postoperative ASIA scores improved in three @entity1 who had motor or sensory findings. Tone improved in all @entity1 . Mean @entity158 outcome using the Visual Pain Analog Scale was 1.5 (0-3). CONCLUSION: Our early experience suggests that MI-ECA may be a valuable option in the management of @entity890 .

title: Minimally invasive, extracavitary approach for XXXX : technical report and preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic disc disease']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['operative or postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic disc herniation', 'herniated disc']

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['thoracic disc herniation']


abstract: Tumor uptake of the chimeric G250 (cG250) monoclonal antibody (mAb) in @entity1 with primary @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) is among the highest reported in solid @entity5 . However, as observed in other @entity5 types, the intratumoral distribution of the antibody is highly heterogeneous, which may limit the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy. A number of highly dynamic physiological factors have been postulated that may contribute to heterogeneous @entity5 uptake of antibodies. Their impact on @entity5 uptake of antibodies may vary from one @entity5 region to another as well as from one day to the next. Here, we report on a clinical study that was designed to investigate whether the pattern of mAb cG250 uptake within @entity1358 is altered with subsequent injections. Ten @entity1 with a clinical diagnosis of primary @entity1358 were studied. Nine days before surgery, @entity1 received 125I-cG250 (5 mg of cG250, 50 microCi of 125I), followed by a second injection of 131I-cG250 (5 mg of cG250, 3.5 mCi of 131I) 4 days later. Postsurgery, the @entity5 was cut into (1-cm) thick slices. Slices were imaged on a gamma camera, and the slice with the most pronounced heterogeneity in 131I-cG250 distribution was selected and cut into 1-cm3 cubes. Each cube was analyzed for 121I-cG250 and 131I-cG250 uptake, and the 131I/125I ratio was determined. For each @entity5 slice, the distribution patterns of both isotopes were reconstructed and compared with each other. All @entity5 analyzed showed a heterogeneous distribution of both isotopes throughout the @entity5 slice; focal uptake in some areas of a @entity5 reached very high levels (up to 0.19% injected dose/g), whereas other tumorous areas of the same slice showed much lower uptake (as low as 0.0047% injected dose/g). Remarkably, in all @entity5 , the distribution pattern of both injections was identical: without exception, in all samples analyzed (n = 692), the uptake of 125I-cG250 was similar to 131I-cG250 uptake. Overall, the 131I/125I ratio was 1.64+/-0.31 (mean+/-SD). The constant 131I/125I ratios, observed in all @entity5 samples investigated, indicate that the @entity5 parameters governing cG250 mAb uptake were not altered significantly within the time period studied. In addition, the results of this study suggest that multiple radiolabeled antibody injections, administered within short time periods, will target the same areas within a @entity5 and, thus, will not solve the problem of heterogeneous @entity5 uptake of antibody.

title: Intratumoral distribution of two consecutive injections of chimeric antibody G250 in primary XXXX : implications for fractionated dose radioimmunotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC tumors', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Twenty-six @entity1 with @entity978 confined below the diaphragm were treated at the Mayo Clinic over a 9-year period (1974-1982). Ten of the twenty-six @entity1 presented with intra-abdominal disease alone, and the remaining 16 @entity1 presented with palpable @entity2096 . One hundred thirty @entity1 with pathologically staged supradiaphragmatic disease were treated over the same period and serve as a comparison group. The median age of 52 years among @entity1 with @entity66 was significantly higher than the median age of 27 years in supradiaphragmatic group. There was no difference in sex distribution between the two groups. One-fifth of the subdiaphragmatic @entity1 presented with B symptoms compared to one-tenth in the supradiaphragmatic group. No significant histological differences were seen. The majority of @entity1 were treated with radiation therapy alone. The overall failure rate was 42% in the subdiaphragmatic group versus 22% in @entity1 with supradiaphragmatic disease. All of the failures occurred in @entity1 treated with radiotherapy alone. Stage and the presence of B symptoms were the most important prognostic factors. The type of subdiaphragmatic presentation (intra-abdominal versus inguinal-femoral) did not influence the outcome. Despite decreased 5-year recurrence-free survival (57% subdiaphragmatic vs. 79% supradiaphragmatic, p = 0.03), the overall 5-year survival rate of 85% is comparable to that of @entity1 with supradiaphragmatic disease. It appears that inverted Y irradiation alone is sufficient for @entity1 with @entity5 , but that @entity1 with B symptoms or @entity34 require more aggressive initial therapy if recurrence-free survival is to be improved.

title: Management of subdiaphragmatic early-stage XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['subdiaphragmatic disease']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Stage II disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Stage IA disease']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['inguinal-femoral adenopathy']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Stage IA-IIB Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification, @entity2790 ( @entity2790 ) implantation, and a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in @entity1 with coexisting visually significant @entity231 and @entity2295 due to age-related @entity1020 . SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. METHODS: Eyes with predominantly @entity2295 and @entity231 had phacoemulsification, @entity2790 implantation, and a 1.25 mg intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. One month after combined surgery, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), anterior chamber reaction, and intraocular pressure were evaluated and central foveal thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: Twenty eyes of 20 @entity1 were evaluated. One month postoperatively, the mean CDVA improved significantly, from 20/100 (range 20/160 to 20/80) at baseline to 20/63 (range 20/125 to 20/50) (P<.0001). The mean central foveal thickness decreased significantly, from 353.75 microm +/- 12.50 (SD) (range 334 to 375 microm) at baseline to 275.7 +/- 17.3 microm (range 255 to 323 microm) at 1 month (P<.0001). Intraocular pressure did not change significantly, and anterior chamber reaction was absent. No ocular or systemic adverse events were observed. CONCLUSION: Combined phacoemulsification, @entity2790 implantation, and intravitreal bevacizumab was a safe and efficacious treatment in @entity1 with visually significant @entity231 and @entity3457 .

title: Combined XXXX extraction and intravitreal bevacizumab in eyes with choroidal neovascularization resulting from age-related @entity1020 .

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['classic subfoveal neovascularization', 'subfoveal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['IOL', 'intraocular lens']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['active subfoveal neovascularization']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification, @entity2790 ( @entity2790 ) implantation, and a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in @entity1 with coexisting visually significant @entity231 and @entity2295 due to age-related @entity1020 . SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. METHODS: Eyes with predominantly @entity2295 and @entity231 had phacoemulsification, @entity2790 implantation, and a 1.25 mg intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. One month after combined surgery, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), anterior chamber reaction, and intraocular pressure were evaluated and central foveal thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: Twenty eyes of 20 @entity1 were evaluated. One month postoperatively, the mean CDVA improved significantly, from 20/100 (range 20/160 to 20/80) at baseline to 20/63 (range 20/125 to 20/50) (P<.0001). The mean central foveal thickness decreased significantly, from 353.75 microm +/- 12.50 (SD) (range 334 to 375 microm) at baseline to 275.7 +/- 17.3 microm (range 255 to 323 microm) at 1 month (P<.0001). Intraocular pressure did not change significantly, and anterior chamber reaction was absent. No ocular or systemic adverse events were observed. CONCLUSION: Combined phacoemulsification, @entity2790 implantation, and intravitreal bevacizumab was a safe and efficacious treatment in @entity1 with visually significant @entity231 and @entity3457 .

title: Combined @entity231 extraction and intravitreal bevacizumab in eyes with choroidal neovascularization resulting from age-related XXXX .

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['macular degeneration']


abstract: PURPOSE: We compared @entity263 detection rates achieved using an 8 and 12-core biopsy protocol in a clinical population to determine the significance of additional transition zone sampling on repeat biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between September 2004 and September 2007, 269 eligible @entity1 with a clinical suspicion of @entity263 referred to our department were randomized to an 8-core lateral (group 1) or a 12-core lateral and parasagittal (group 2) transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy protocol. Study inclusion criteria were age dependent increased serum prostate specific antigen (1.25 ng/ml or greater at ages less than 50 years, 1.75 or greater at ages 50 to less than 60 years, 2.25 or greater at ages 60 to less than 70 years and 3.25 or greater at ages 70 years or greater), positive digital rectal examination and/or suspicious transrectal ultrasound. After negative first round biopsy @entity1 underwent 12-core biopsy, including 4 transition zone cores. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 were excluded from analysis because of protocol violation or they did not complete the whole biopsy procedure due to discomfort. The @entity5 detection rate in groups 1 and 2 did not differ significantly (34.1% or 45 of 132 @entity1 and 38.3% or 49 of 128, respectively, p = 0.48). @entity5 median Gleason scores were similar in the groups. Of 109 @entity1 who underwent repeat biopsy @entity263 was detected in 20 (14.4%), of whom 9 had positive cores from the transition zone and 6 had positive biopsies only from the transition zone. CONCLUSIONS: There are no statistically significant differences in the @entity263 detection rate between 8 and 12-core prostate biopsy protocols. Transition zone biopsies contribute to @entity263 detection in a repeat biopsy protocol.

title: XXXX detection: 8 versus 12-core biopsy protocol.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Detected cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Optimizing prostate cancer']


abstract: @entity410 and @entity159 ( @entity159 ) are believed common in @entity772 @entity1 and are suggested to worsen outcome. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate outcome in @entity1 in critical care units in whom @entity159 was suspected to determine how often evidence of @entity410 activity existed based on an isolated standard 20 minute electroencephalogram (EEG) and to determine what clinical factors predicted outcome. We prospectively reviewed EEGs and clinical charts of @entity1 admitted to a critical care unit at a tertiary care center who were suspected to have non- @entity410 @entity410 . Outcomes were correlated with EEG findings, clinical factors, and acute therapies using univariate and multivariate logistic analyses. Of 189 @entity1 , complete information was available in 169. Eighty-one (47.9%) @entity1 died, 67 (39.6%) were discharged home, and 21 (12.4%) were discharged to long-term care. Four @entity1 had @entity410 , two of whom had no clinical manifestations (i.e. non- @entity410 ). On univariate analysis, increased age, an admitting diagnosis of @entity1167 , a Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) score8, and burst suppression were correlated significantly with poor outcome. A past history of @entity410 and unequivocal tonic-clonic @entity410 were correlated significantly with a better outcome. On multivariate analysis, increased age, @entity1167 , and a GCS score8 were associated with increased mortality (p<0.05). Clinical factors, including age, underlying etiology and GCS score are the most important predicators of outcome in @entity772 . A standard 20 minute EEG did not correlate with a high detection rate of @entity410 activity. Furthermore, EEG patterns and treatment with anticonvulsant medications did not correlate with outcome.

title: The role of the standard 20 minute EEG recording in the XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive', 'seizure', 'electroencephalographic seizures', 'seizures', 'convulsions', 'Non-convulsive seizures']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['Coma', 'coma', 'comatose']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['non-convulsive status epilepticus', 'NCSE']

answer: @entity772 :: (MESH:D003128,Disease) :: ['comatose']


abstract: @entity410 and @entity159 ( @entity159 ) are believed common in @entity772 @entity1 and are suggested to worsen outcome. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate outcome in @entity1 in critical care units in whom @entity159 was suspected to determine how often evidence of @entity410 activity existed based on an isolated standard 20 minute electroencephalogram (EEG) and to determine what clinical factors predicted outcome. We prospectively reviewed EEGs and clinical charts of @entity1 admitted to a critical care unit at a tertiary care center who were suspected to have non- @entity410 @entity410 . Outcomes were correlated with EEG findings, clinical factors, and acute therapies using univariate and multivariate logistic analyses. Of 189 @entity1 , complete information was available in 169. Eighty-one (47.9%) @entity1 died, 67 (39.6%) were discharged home, and 21 (12.4%) were discharged to long-term care. Four @entity1 had @entity410 , two of whom had no clinical manifestations (i.e. non- @entity410 ). On univariate analysis, increased age, an admitting diagnosis of @entity1167 , a Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) score8, and burst suppression were correlated significantly with poor outcome. A past history of @entity410 and unequivocal tonic-clonic @entity410 were correlated significantly with a better outcome. On multivariate analysis, increased age, @entity1167 , and a GCS score8 were associated with increased mortality (p<0.05). Clinical factors, including age, underlying etiology and GCS score are the most important predicators of outcome in @entity772 . A standard 20 minute EEG did not correlate with a high detection rate of @entity410 activity. Furthermore, EEG patterns and treatment with anticonvulsant medications did not correlate with outcome.

title: The role of the standard 20 minute EEG recording in the @entity772 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity23454 ( @entity23454 ) is a @entity66 , and the etiology of the disease is unclear. It is speculated that maternal ingestion of some drugs during pregnancy and degeneration of smooth muscle cells in the fetus may be an etiologic factor. In this study we aimed to investigate the effect of maternal ingestion of @entity4001 on the fetal bladder and colon in pregnant @entity35 . METHOD: We separated animals into a @entity4001 group including 30 @entity35 and a control group with 14 @entity35 . Nothing was given to the control group during pregnancy. Intraperitoneally 8 mg/kg/day @entity4001 was given to the study group from the 6th to 12th day of pregnancy. All of the @entity35 were sacrificed on the 20th day of pregnancy. Histopathological examination of fetal colons and bladders was performed. RESULTS: In the @entity4001 group, an increase in the colon and bladder diameter, an increase in @entity2057 in the colon and bladder wall, an increase in @entity13312 in the muscles of the bladder and colon wall, and a significant @entity1494 were determined. CONCLUSION: In our @entity35 model, we found histological structural changes in the @entity35 ' colon and bladder walls as a result of using @entity4001 on the 6-12th days of pregnancy similar to pathological findings found in some of @entity23454 @entity1 ' bowels and bladders.

title: Does maternal drug ingestion cause megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome? II. XXXX trial.

entities_list: @entity23454 :: ('MESH:C536138', 'Disease') :: ['Megacystis Microcolon Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome', 'MMIHS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['congenital disease']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in ganglion cell numbers in the myenteric plexus of the colon and bladder']

entities_list: @entity13312 :: ('MESH:C536522', 'Disease') :: ['vacuolar degeneration']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity4001 :: ('CHEBI:15858', 'Chemical') :: ['bromide']

answer: @entity4001 :: (CHEBI:15858,Chemical) :: ['Bromide']


abstract: Following injury, tissue repair process takes place involving @entity32 , granulation tissue formation and scar constitution. Granulation tissue develops from the connective tissue surrounding the damaged area and contains vessels, inflammatory cells, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts play an important role in many tissue injuries and @entity66 . The process of normal wound repair after tissue injury follows a closely regulated sequence including the activation and the proliferation of fibroblastic cells. In pathological situations, the normal resolution stages are abrogated and the proliferation of myofibroblasts continues, inducing excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. The differentiation of fibroblastic cells into myofibroblasts is an early event in the development of tissue @entity82 . Myofibroblastic cells express smooth muscle cytoskeletal markers (alpha-smooth muscle actin in particular) and participate actively in the production of extracellular matrix. The evaluation of myofibroblast differentiation in renal biopsies would be useful for histopathologists to appreciate the intensity of tissue injury and particularly to predict the long term outcome of some @entity8 . Immunohistochemical studies for alpha-smooth muscle actin should be made systematically in renal tissue biopsies. Myofibroblastic differentiation appears to play a significant role in the progression of @entity177 and seems to be a useful marker of progressive disease.

title: Role of myofibroblasts during normal tissue repair and excessive scarring: interest of their assessment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathies']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['fibrocontractive diseases']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['nephropathies']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the presence and the prevalence of @entity943 and the variability of the heart rate in the medium-term postoperative period following the maze procedure for chronic @entity955 ( @entity955 ). METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 with a mean age of 51.7 +/- 12.9 years, who previously underwent the maze procedure without cryoablation for chronic @entity955 , were evaluated with the 24 hour electrocardiogram (ECG)--Holter monitoring from the 6th month after the operation. Valvular and coronary procedures were concomitantly performed. RESULTS: The mean heart rate during Holter monitoring was 82 +/- 8 bpm; the maximal heart rate was 126 +/- 23 bpm and the minimal heart rate 57 +/- 7 bpm. Sinus rhythm was found in 10 (59%) @entity1 and atrial rhythm was found in 7 (41%). @entity4710 had a rate of 2.3 +/- 5.5% of the total number of heartbeats and occurred in 16 (94%) @entity1 . Six (35%) @entity1 showed nonsustained @entity591 . @entity1540 , with a rate of 0.8 +/- 0.5% of the total heartbeats, occurred in 14 (82%) @entity1 . The chronotropic competence was normal in 9 (53%) @entity1 and attenuated in 8 (47%). The @entity713 ( @entity713 ) was unchanged in 13 (76%) @entity1 and there were 4 (24%) cases of first degree @entity713 ( @entity713 ). CONCLUSION: After the maze procedure, the values for the mean heart rate, @entity713 conduction and chronotropic competence approach the normal range, although some cases show attenuation of the chronotropic response, @entity713 or benign @entity943 .

title: Evaluation of the heart rate and XXXX following the maze procedure for chronic @entity955 .

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular conduction', 'AV', 'atrioventricular block', 'first degree AV block', 'AVB']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular extrasystoles']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['Supraventricular extrasystoles']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the presence and the prevalence of @entity943 and the variability of the heart rate in the medium-term postoperative period following the maze procedure for chronic @entity955 ( @entity955 ). METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 with a mean age of 51.7 +/- 12.9 years, who previously underwent the maze procedure without cryoablation for chronic @entity955 , were evaluated with the 24 hour electrocardiogram (ECG)--Holter monitoring from the 6th month after the operation. Valvular and coronary procedures were concomitantly performed. RESULTS: The mean heart rate during Holter monitoring was 82 +/- 8 bpm; the maximal heart rate was 126 +/- 23 bpm and the minimal heart rate 57 +/- 7 bpm. Sinus rhythm was found in 10 (59%) @entity1 and atrial rhythm was found in 7 (41%). @entity4710 had a rate of 2.3 +/- 5.5% of the total number of heartbeats and occurred in 16 (94%) @entity1 . Six (35%) @entity1 showed nonsustained @entity591 . @entity1540 , with a rate of 0.8 +/- 0.5% of the total heartbeats, occurred in 14 (82%) @entity1 . The chronotropic competence was normal in 9 (53%) @entity1 and attenuated in 8 (47%). The @entity713 ( @entity713 ) was unchanged in 13 (76%) @entity1 and there were 4 (24%) cases of first degree @entity713 ( @entity713 ). CONCLUSION: After the maze procedure, the values for the mean heart rate, @entity713 conduction and chronotropic competence approach the normal range, although some cases show attenuation of the chronotropic response, @entity713 or benign @entity943 .

title: Evaluation of the heart rate and @entity943 following the maze procedure for chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pulmonary manifestations in @entity2926 are considered a major complication and are related to a poor prognosis. We present a large series of @entity1 with @entity358 using a practical approach based on the presence of @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ). METHODS: A retrospective study of @entity1 with confirmed @entity2926 . RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-nine @entity1 with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of @entity2926 were investigated. One hundred and thirty-four @entity1 (36.7  14 years of age) had @entity358 . Severe @entity358 was defined by evidence of @entity1576 . Univariate analysis found the following factors related to severe @entity358 : dyspnoea (OR=10.14, p<0.0001), pulmonary crepitations (OR=4.8, p<0.0004), abnormal chest X-ray (OR=9.88, p<0.007) with alveolar shadowing (OR=8.12, p<0.0001), @entity1458 / @entity1696 (OR=5.48, p<0.0001), @entity382 (OR=7.11, p< 0.0001), shock (OR=8.38, p< 0.0001), ICU admission (OR=60.08, p< 0.0001), dialysis (OR=4.87, p< 0.001), mechanical ventilation (OR=216, p< 0.0001) and development of @entity580 (OR=21.5, p< 0.0001). The mortality rate was significantly different between severe (40%) and non-severe (5.3%) pulmonary forms (OR=11.87, p< 0.0001). Multivariate analysis found two independent factors related to severe @entity358 : dyspnoea (OR=10.18, p< 0.0001) and @entity1458 / @entity1696 (OR=4.87, p< 0.0009). We performed a multivariate analysis to assess independent factors related to mortality and found: mechanical ventilation requirement (OR=27.85, p< 0.0001) and AST greater than 150 IU/L (OR=4.57, p< 0.02). Haemoptysis was associated with survival (OR=0.2, p< 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Severe @entity358 in @entity2926 is associated with extensive disease involving other organs. The association of multiple factors is associated with severe forms of the disease and a high mortality rate.

title: Pulmonary manifestations of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['leptospirosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary leptospirosis', 'pulmonary involvement']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['ARF', 'acute respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial infection']

answer: @entity2926 :: (MESH:D007922,Disease) :: ['leptospirosis']


abstract: @entity6 and ageing induce reduction and dysfunction of vascular progenitor cells. Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) accumulate in @entity6 and ageing. We investigated the influence of AGEs on function of @entity2280 progenitor cells. @entity2280 cells were co-cultured with HUVECs in a three-dimensional spheroid assay. Sprout length growth and incorporation of @entity2280 cells into the sprouts were analyzed under 2, 20 or 200 microg/ml AGEs. AGE-receptor expression, MAP-kinase signal transduction and apoptosis were analyzed using PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry. In the spheroid assay, AGEs concentration-dependently cause a reduction of sprout length growth by 6+/-6 to 32+/-6% and an attenuation of progenitor cells incorporation into the sprouting endothelium by up to 43+/-6%. This functional impairment is accompanied by activation of @entity2280 cell proliferation at lower concentrations (2 or 20 microg/ml) and by apoptosis activation under 200 microg/ml AGEs. The mRNA expression of the receptors for AGEs and the AGEs-induced activation of @entity1435 and p44/42 MAP-kinases are demonstrable in @entity2280 cells. This AGEs-mediated impairment of progenitor cell function identifies a new pathophysiological mechanism of disturbed vascular adaptation in @entity6 or ageing and suggests that lowering AGEs in recipients of progenitor cell therapy might be beneficial for the success of this therapy.

title: Depression of progenitor cell function by advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs): potential relevance for impaired angiogenesis in advanced age and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: @entity4789 is still the most commonly seen @entity627 in Brazilian pediatric rheumatology clinics. It remains a significant health problem since subsequent cardiac sequelae represent one of the most important causes of chronic @entity299 in @entity1 . We reviewed the clinical manifestations of @entity4789 in 786 @entity1 followed at seven pediatric rheumatology clinics in the state of S  o Paulo, Brazil. All @entity1 were diagnosed according to revised Jones' criteria. Regarding major criteria, 396 (50.4%) @entity1 exhibited @entity2401 , 453 (57.6%) @entity625 , 274 (34.8%) @entity4790 , 13 (1.6%) @entity5105 , and 12 (1.5%) subcutaneous nodules. @entity340 documented by echocardiography in the absence of accompanying auscultatory findings were found in 144 (18.3%) @entity1 . Migratory @entity625 was observed in 290 (64.0%) @entity1 with articular involvement. Documented previous @entity883 assessed by serum antistreptolysin (ASO) titers occurred in 531 (67.5%) @entity1 . Even though prophylaxis with @entity9385 penicillin was recommended to all @entity1 , recurrent attacks were observed in 147 (18.7%). We emphasize the high frequency of @entity4790 , silent @entity2401 and recurrences in our series as well as the variable clinical presentation of @entity625 in @entity4789 . Multicenter studies should be encouraged to improve our understanding of the clinical features of @entity627 in @entity1 and adolescents.

title: XXXX : a multicenter study in the state of S  o Paulo. Pediatric Committee--S  o Paulo Pediatric Rheumatology Society.

entities_list: @entity4789 :: ('MESH:D012213', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic fever', 'Rheumatic fever']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity883 :: ('MESH:D013290', 'Disease') :: ['streptococcal infection']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic disease', 'rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis', 'polyarthritis']

entities_list: @entity5105 :: ('MESH:D004890', 'Disease') :: ['erythema marginatum']

entities_list: @entity9385 :: ('MESH:C010044', 'Chemical') :: ['benzathine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['Valvular lesions']

answer: @entity4789 :: (MESH:D012213,Disease) :: ['Rheumatic fever']


abstract: Analyses of bile @entity648 during the first month after Kasai operations, and of the liver biopsies obtained at the time of initial surgery, were done in 67 @entity1 with @entity2876 . @entity648 excretion (milligrams per day) was determined as the product of the bile volume and its concentration. Operative liver biopsies were evaluated for @entity82 , bile duct proliferation, @entity1157 , @entity528 ; the severity of each abnormality was graded on a scale of 0 to 4. A forward stepwise regression procedure using the Cox proportional hazards model identified the relationship between survival and covariants. Thirty-nine of 67 @entity1 died. Of these, 38 excreted less than 6 mg of @entity648 per day during the first postoperative month. The other @entity1 died of a coexisting @entity154 . Nine other @entity1 who excreted less than 6 mg of @entity648 per day are alive but are either jaundiced or awaiting transplantation. Nineteen @entity1 who excreted greater than or equal to 6 mg of @entity648 per day are alive (mean follow-up, 61 months) with normal or near-normal liver function. The severity of @entity1575 , bile duct proliferation, and @entity1157 did not correlate with survival, whereas @entity528 were highly significant (P less than or equal to .000 and P less than or equal to .0003, respectively). Twenty-six @entity1 with grade 1-4 giant cell transformation or grade 2-4 parenchymal degeneration had a mean survival of 11 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX : early determination of prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin', 'Bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile stasis']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell transformation, and parenchymal degeneration', 'giant cell transformation and parenchymal degeneration']

answer: @entity2876 :: (MESH:D001656,Disease) :: ['Biliary atresia']


abstract: PURPOSE: We analyzed the risk factors and incidence of secondary @entity8214 of the remnant urothelium in @entity1 following radical cystectomy for @entity8214 of the bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 85 @entity1 with a mean age of 64.5 years with clinically localized @entity8214 of the bladder underwent radical cystectomy between 1992 and 2004. Orthotopic bladder substitution was performed in 46 females, while 39 underwent nonorthotopic urinary diversion. Of the entire cohort 22 (26%) @entity1 underwent cystectomy for multifocal or recurrent @entity8214 . Followup examinations were performed at 6-month intervals. RESULTS: Mean followup in the entire cohort was 49.8 months (median 42). Intraoperative frozen sections obtained from the urethra and distal ureters were negative for @entity8214 and CIS in all @entity1 . Four @entity1 (4.7%) had @entity8214 in the remnant urothelium at a mean of 56 months postoperatively. These @entity1 had undergone cystectomy for multifocal or recurrent @entity8214 (4 of 22 or 18%). No secondary @entity8214 was seen in the 63 @entity1 with solitary invasive or nonrecurrent @entity150 (p <0.05). Urethral recurrence was found in 2 @entity1 (4.3%) 65 and 36 months after orthotopic neobladder surgery, respectively. In the orthotopic group 1 @entity1 (2.1%) had an @entity3484 76 months after surgery, while in the nonorthotopic group 1 (2.5%) was found to have an @entity3484 48 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrent or multifocal @entity8214 may represent a risk factor for secondary @entity8214 of the remnant urothelium after cystectomy. In our series all recurrent @entity5 were late recurrences (more than 36 months postoperatively). Because the rate of urethral recurrence in the current series corresponds to that reported in @entity1 (2% to 6%), urethra sparing cystectomy with orthotopic bladder replacement does not appear to compromise the oncological outcome in @entity1 .

title: @entity5 recurrence in the remnant urothelium of females undergoing radical cystectomy for transitional cell XXXX : long-term results from a single center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3484 :: ('MESH:D014571', 'Disease') :: ['upper urinary tract tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the bladder']


abstract: PURPOSE: We analyzed the risk factors and incidence of secondary @entity8214 of the remnant urothelium in @entity1 following radical cystectomy for @entity8214 of the bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 85 @entity1 with a mean age of 64.5 years with clinically localized @entity8214 of the bladder underwent radical cystectomy between 1992 and 2004. Orthotopic bladder substitution was performed in 46 females, while 39 underwent nonorthotopic urinary diversion. Of the entire cohort 22 (26%) @entity1 underwent cystectomy for multifocal or recurrent @entity8214 . Followup examinations were performed at 6-month intervals. RESULTS: Mean followup in the entire cohort was 49.8 months (median 42). Intraoperative frozen sections obtained from the urethra and distal ureters were negative for @entity8214 and CIS in all @entity1 . Four @entity1 (4.7%) had @entity8214 in the remnant urothelium at a mean of 56 months postoperatively. These @entity1 had undergone cystectomy for multifocal or recurrent @entity8214 (4 of 22 or 18%). No secondary @entity8214 was seen in the 63 @entity1 with solitary invasive or nonrecurrent @entity150 (p <0.05). Urethral recurrence was found in 2 @entity1 (4.3%) 65 and 36 months after orthotopic neobladder surgery, respectively. In the orthotopic group 1 @entity1 (2.1%) had an @entity3484 76 months after surgery, while in the nonorthotopic group 1 (2.5%) was found to have an @entity3484 48 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrent or multifocal @entity8214 may represent a risk factor for secondary @entity8214 of the remnant urothelium after cystectomy. In our series all recurrent @entity5 were late recurrences (more than 36 months postoperatively). Because the rate of urethral recurrence in the current series corresponds to that reported in @entity1 (2% to 6%), urethra sparing cystectomy with orthotopic bladder replacement does not appear to compromise the oncological outcome in @entity1 .

title: XXXX recurrence in the remnant urothelium of females undergoing radical cystectomy for transitional cell @entity150 : long-term results from a single center.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: We identified clinical, treatment and dosimetric parameters associated with the development of @entity3832 following permanent prostate brachytherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From April 1995 through April 2003, 1,186 consecutive @entity1 underwent prostate brachytherapy for clinical stage T1b-T3a NxM0 (2002 American Joint Committee on @entity5 ) @entity263 . The treatment plan included supplemental XRT in 625 @entity1 (52.7%) and @entity342 deprivation therapy in 465 (39.2%). Median followup was 4.3 years. Multiple clinical, treatment and dosimetric parameters were evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses to identify independent predictors for @entity3832 . RESULTS: A total of 29 @entity1 had brachytherapy related @entity3832 . All strictures involved the BM urethra with a 9-year actuarial risk of 3.6% and a median time to development of 2.4 years. The mean radiation dose to the BM urethra was significantly greater in @entity1 with vs without stricture (p = 0.002). On multivariate analysis the BM urethral dose and supplemental XRT predicted @entity3832 . All except 3 @entity1 were successfully treated with urethral dilation or internal optical urethrotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Brachytherapy related @entity3832 correlates highly with the radiation dose to the BM urethra. Careful attention to brachytherapy preplanning and intraoperative execution along with the judicious use of supplemental XRT is essential to minimize the incidence of @entity850 .

title: Risk factors for the development of prostate brachytherapy related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3832 :: ('MESH:D014525', 'Disease') :: ['urethral stricture disease', 'urethral stricture', 'urethral strictures']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stricture disease']

answer: @entity3832 :: (MESH:D014525,Disease) :: ['urethral strictures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: : @entity2332 is an independent contributor to neonatal mortality. All very low-birth-weight (VLBW) newborns have the potential to undergo cold stress or @entity2332 during delivery room stabilization. Thus, clinicians aiming to maintain normothermia in VLBW neonates are compelled to use multiple adjuncts of unknown efficacy or safety. OBJECTIVE: : To evaluate the effectiveness of thermoregulation procedures in maintaining normothermia during delivery room resuscitation and to assess the impact of an unanticipated change in equipment at our institution on the admission temperatures of VLBW newborns. DESIGN/METHODS: : Institutional review board-approved, retrospective analysis of quality assurance data submitted to the Vermont-Oxford Network (VON) for 24 consecutive months starting January 2006. We compared the rate of @entity2332 (admission temperature < 36.5  C) in our NICU during 2006 with the aggregate rates reported by VON. We then compared the rates of @entity2332 and mean admission temperatures in our NICU during period 1 (when chemical warming packs were used routinely, in addition to plastic wrapping and warm blankets) and @entity5394 (after packs were discontinued owing to an incident of focal @entity272 ). RESULTS: : In 2006, 42% of VLBW babies in our NICU had an admission temperature of less than 36.5  C compared with the VON rate of 61% (interquartile range 48%, 76%). During period 1, 39% of 183 VLBW neonates were hypothermic compared with 68% of 103 during @entity5394 (P < .001). Mean admission temperatures during periods 1 and 2 were 36.5  C and 36.1  C, respectively (P < .001). A control chart showed the shift in temperatures occurring as @entity5394 began. No change in practice other than discontinuation of the warming packs was instituted during @entity5394 . The incidence of temperatures greater than 38  C ( @entity221 ) was 1.6% during period 1 and 1.0% during @entity5394 . CONCLUSIONS: : The results associated with this isolated change in practice at our institution suggest that chemical warming packs were a useful adjunct in achieving above-average rates of normothermia during delivery room resuscitation of VLBW newborns. Their potential adverse effects should be weighed against the increased risk of mortality associated with @entity2332 in this population.

title: Use of chemical warming packs during delivery room resuscitation is associated with decreased rates of XXXX in very low-birth-weight neonates.

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia', 'frank hypothermia', 'Hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin injury']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to describe the outcomes of a consecutive series of @entity1 with chronic @entity5327 (CMI) who were treated with percutaneous stent revascularization. BACKGROUND: Historically, the treatment for CMI has been surgical revascularization. However, surgery carries a significant procedural complication rate and mortality. METHODS: Fifty-nine consecutive @entity1 with CMI underwent stent placement in 79 stenotic (>70%) mesenteric arteries. All @entity1 had clinical follow-up and 90% had anatomical follow-up with angiography (computed tomography or conventional) or ultrasound at > or =6 months after the procedure. RESULTS: Procedural success was obtained in 96% (76 of 79 arteries) and symptom relief occurred in 88% (50 @entity1 ). At a mean follow-up of 38 +/- 15 months (range, 6 to 112 months), 79% of the @entity1 remained alive, and 17% (n = 10) experienced a recurrence of symptoms. Angiography or ultrasound obtained at 14+/- 5 months after the procedure demonstrated a restenosis rate of 29% (n = 20). All @entity1 with recurrent symptoms had @entity256 and were successfully revascularized percutaneously. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous stent placement for the treatment of CMI can be performed with a high procedural success and a low complication rate. The long-term freedom from symptoms and vascular patency are comparable with surgical results. The inherent lower procedural morbidity and mortality makes the endovascular approach the preferred revascularization technique for these @entity1 .

title: Endovascular therapy for chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5327 :: ('MESH:D065666', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric ischemia']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['angiographic in-stent restenosis']

answer: @entity5327 :: (MESH:D065666,Disease) :: ['mesenteric ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab-based therapy after diagnosis of brain metastases (BM) may improve survival due to prolonged @entity262 control. We investigated whether @entity9433 may yield additional survival benefit. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 were identified. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of at least 70 was required. We included a control group of 37 @entity1 treated before 2003, when continuation of trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was not yet recommended. Remainders received either trastuzumab or @entity9433 and trastuzumab (either concomitantly or sequentially) with or without chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 receiving trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was 13 months; corresponding numbers were 9 months in @entity1 treated with chemotherapy, and 3 months with radiotherapy alone. Median @entity1349 was not reached in the @entity9433 group. Addition of @entity9433 prolonged @entity1349 over trastuzumab alone (P=0.002). After correction for potential confounders, @entity9433 therapy remained an independent positive predictor for survival (HR 0.279; P=0.012). INTERPRETATION: This retrospective single-centre study suggests that the introduction of @entity9433 improved survival in @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 . @entity1 with KPS >= 70 may benefit when treated with @entity9433 in addition to trastuzumab after completion of local therapy.

title: Impact of anti- XXXX therapy on @entity1349 in @entity1722 -overexpressing @entity0 @entity1 with brain metastases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity9433 :: ('MESH:C490728', 'Chemical') :: ['lapatinib']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab-based therapy after diagnosis of brain metastases (BM) may improve survival due to prolonged @entity262 control. We investigated whether @entity9433 may yield additional survival benefit. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 were identified. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of at least 70 was required. We included a control group of 37 @entity1 treated before 2003, when continuation of trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was not yet recommended. Remainders received either trastuzumab or @entity9433 and trastuzumab (either concomitantly or sequentially) with or without chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 receiving trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was 13 months; corresponding numbers were 9 months in @entity1 treated with chemotherapy, and 3 months with radiotherapy alone. Median @entity1349 was not reached in the @entity9433 group. Addition of @entity9433 prolonged @entity1349 over trastuzumab alone (P=0.002). After correction for potential confounders, @entity9433 therapy remained an independent positive predictor for survival (HR 0.279; P=0.012). INTERPRETATION: This retrospective single-centre study suggests that the introduction of @entity9433 improved survival in @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 . @entity1 with KPS >= 70 may benefit when treated with @entity9433 in addition to trastuzumab after completion of local therapy.

title: Impact of anti- @entity1722 therapy on @entity1349 in XXXX -overexpressing @entity0 @entity1 with brain metastases.

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab-based therapy after diagnosis of brain metastases (BM) may improve survival due to prolonged @entity262 control. We investigated whether @entity9433 may yield additional survival benefit. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 were identified. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of at least 70 was required. We included a control group of 37 @entity1 treated before 2003, when continuation of trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was not yet recommended. Remainders received either trastuzumab or @entity9433 and trastuzumab (either concomitantly or sequentially) with or without chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 receiving trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was 13 months; corresponding numbers were 9 months in @entity1 treated with chemotherapy, and 3 months with radiotherapy alone. Median @entity1349 was not reached in the @entity9433 group. Addition of @entity9433 prolonged @entity1349 over trastuzumab alone (P=0.002). After correction for potential confounders, @entity9433 therapy remained an independent positive predictor for survival (HR 0.279; P=0.012). INTERPRETATION: This retrospective single-centre study suggests that the introduction of @entity9433 improved survival in @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 . @entity1 with KPS >= 70 may benefit when treated with @entity9433 in addition to trastuzumab after completion of local therapy.

title: Impact of anti- @entity1722 therapy on @entity1349 in @entity1722 -overexpressing XXXX @entity1 with brain metastases.

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab-based therapy after diagnosis of brain metastases (BM) may improve survival due to prolonged @entity262 control. We investigated whether @entity9433 may yield additional survival benefit. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 were identified. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of at least 70 was required. We included a control group of 37 @entity1 treated before 2003, when continuation of trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was not yet recommended. Remainders received either trastuzumab or @entity9433 and trastuzumab (either concomitantly or sequentially) with or without chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 receiving trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was 13 months; corresponding numbers were 9 months in @entity1 treated with chemotherapy, and 3 months with radiotherapy alone. Median @entity1349 was not reached in the @entity9433 group. Addition of @entity9433 prolonged @entity1349 over trastuzumab alone (P=0.002). After correction for potential confounders, @entity9433 therapy remained an independent positive predictor for survival (HR 0.279; P=0.012). INTERPRETATION: This retrospective single-centre study suggests that the introduction of @entity9433 improved survival in @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 . @entity1 with KPS >= 70 may benefit when treated with @entity9433 in addition to trastuzumab after completion of local therapy.

title: Impact of anti- @entity1722 therapy on XXXX in @entity1722 -overexpressing @entity0 @entity1 with brain metastases.

answer: @entity1349 :: (MESH:D011475,Disease) :: ['overall survival']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab-based therapy after diagnosis of brain metastases (BM) may improve survival due to prolonged @entity262 control. We investigated whether @entity9433 may yield additional survival benefit. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 were identified. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of at least 70 was required. We included a control group of 37 @entity1 treated before 2003, when continuation of trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was not yet recommended. Remainders received either trastuzumab or @entity9433 and trastuzumab (either concomitantly or sequentially) with or without chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 receiving trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was 13 months; corresponding numbers were 9 months in @entity1 treated with chemotherapy, and 3 months with radiotherapy alone. Median @entity1349 was not reached in the @entity9433 group. Addition of @entity9433 prolonged @entity1349 over trastuzumab alone (P=0.002). After correction for potential confounders, @entity9433 therapy remained an independent positive predictor for survival (HR 0.279; P=0.012). INTERPRETATION: This retrospective single-centre study suggests that the introduction of @entity9433 improved survival in @entity1 with BM from @entity1722 -positive @entity0 . @entity1 with KPS >= 70 may benefit when treated with @entity9433 in addition to trastuzumab after completion of local therapy.

title: Impact of anti- @entity1722 therapy on @entity1349 in @entity1722 -overexpressing @entity0 XXXX with brain metastases.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity74 have become a major concern in comercial poutltry meat production. The mechanisms which cause leg problems are not completely understood. It has been hypothesed that high growth rate and low locomotor activity are the main factors. The particular effects of the different factors have been elucidated in special experiments. The locomotor activity of broilers with different growth rates has been observed in deep litter compartments with videotracking technique. The effects of locomotor activity were analysed through a training on treadmills in slow and fast growing broilers. Fast growing broilers showed a lower activity level from week one onwards and there was a pronounced drop in walking distances in the third week of age (21 to 8 meters per hour), while the slow growing broilers maintained a high activity level from 36 m throughout the fattening period. Systematic training of fast growing birds on treadmills increased the locomotion ability, the bone density and thickness and reduced the bending and twisting in leg bones. Increasing the distance between feeders and drinkers may be a method to increase locomotor activity under practical conditions and may be a method to reduce the incidence of @entity74 . Based on the results of previous experiments, a final test was carried out placing the feeder and drinker at two varied distances apart from each other (2 and 12 meters) and monitoring the effects on growth rate, locomotor activity, bone development and @entity425 in broilers. A total of 4800 male and female broilers (in groups of 600) were tested under virtually real conditions. The larger distance between food and water led to a three times increased level of locomotor activity. Weight development and food utilisation were not negatively influenced. Groups of birds, whose food and water supply were placed 12 metres apart, had significantly less cases of @entity425 and @entity204 due to @entity74 (2%). Increased walking activated the bone building processes of the tibia. This method is a practical way for @entity425 .

title: [Effect of locomotor activity on XXXX in fattening chicken].

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['leg disorders', 'Leg disorders']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['leg weakness', 'broiler farmers to decrease leg weakness']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['leg disorder']


abstract: AIMS: Although considered as a feature of inflammatory @entity627 , there is a lot of controversy around low bone mass in @entity1 with @entity5144 . The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze bone mineral density in @entity1 with @entity5144 , as well as to investigate its possible association with some measures of disease activity and functional capacity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty-nine @entity1 with established @entity5144 (mean age 56.20    12.23 years) and who have not been treated with specific antiosteoporotic drugs were recruited from the out- @entity1 clinic database. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine and at the left hip. Disease activity measures included: duration of morning @entity2693 , tender and swollen joint count, @entity1 's and physician's global assessment, presence of dactylitis and @entity4932 , ESR, CRP and Disease Activity Score 28. Health Assessment Questionnaire was used to assess functional status. RESULTS: According to WHO definition, spinal @entity170 was found in 7.2% of @entity1 , @entity572 in 1.4% of @entity1 and @entity2249 in 2.9% of @entity1 . There was no significant association of any of the measures of disease activity with @entity1555 at any site. Higher HAQ scores were associated with lower total hip @entity1555 . CONCLUSIONS: In our sample of @entity1 with @entity5144 we did not find increased prevalence of @entity170 . There was no association of @entity1555 with indices of disease activity, while negative correlation was found between HAQ and total hip @entity1555 .

title: XXXX in @entity5144 : is there any?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2249 :: ('MESH:D005265', 'Disease') :: ['femoral neck osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['enthesitis']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['total hip osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['Osteoporosis']


abstract: AIMS: Although considered as a feature of inflammatory @entity627 , there is a lot of controversy around low bone mass in @entity1 with @entity5144 . The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze bone mineral density in @entity1 with @entity5144 , as well as to investigate its possible association with some measures of disease activity and functional capacity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty-nine @entity1 with established @entity5144 (mean age 56.20    12.23 years) and who have not been treated with specific antiosteoporotic drugs were recruited from the out- @entity1 clinic database. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine and at the left hip. Disease activity measures included: duration of morning @entity2693 , tender and swollen joint count, @entity1 's and physician's global assessment, presence of dactylitis and @entity4932 , ESR, CRP and Disease Activity Score 28. Health Assessment Questionnaire was used to assess functional status. RESULTS: According to WHO definition, spinal @entity170 was found in 7.2% of @entity1 , @entity572 in 1.4% of @entity1 and @entity2249 in 2.9% of @entity1 . There was no significant association of any of the measures of disease activity with @entity1555 at any site. Higher HAQ scores were associated with lower total hip @entity1555 . CONCLUSIONS: In our sample of @entity1 with @entity5144 we did not find increased prevalence of @entity170 . There was no association of @entity1555 with indices of disease activity, while negative correlation was found between HAQ and total hip @entity1555 .

title: @entity170 in XXXX : is there any?

answer: @entity5144 :: (MESH:D015535,Disease) :: ['psoriatic arthritis']


abstract: AIM: Amongst @entity65 ( @entity65 ), @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) is an important cause of @entity65 . The aim of the study was to examine @entity1187 in Zagreb, to determine how it is treated, and to assess the extent to which new guidelines have been implemented in daily practice. During the last decades, great improvements have been made in the prevention and management of @entity1187 . We wished to ascertain how these improvements have been implemented in our hospitals in the year 2003. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study including @entity1 in the City of Zagreb that had been discharged from the hospital with the diagnosis of @entity1187 . The community-based Registry of Acute @entity301 for the City of Zagreb for the year 2003 served as the source of data. Records on 1,733 @entity1187 @entity1 were analyzed. In 1,349 hospitalized @entity1 , the following parameters were investigated: length of hospital stay; time from onset of symptoms to arrival in hospital; rate of angiography and reperfusion and medical therapy after discharge. RESULTS: Study results showed that 1,105 (64%) @entity1 were discharged from hospital, 244 (14%) died in hospital, and 384 (22%) died outside hospital. There were 1,136 (84%) @entity1 with AMI, 638 (56%) with ST segment elevation MI, 391 (34%) with non-ST segment elevation MI and 107 (10%) of @entity1 with possible MI and MI with undetermined ECG. @entity1 records revealed that 688 (51%) stayed in hospital between 8 and 14 days. The time from symptom onset to hospital arrival was less than 6 hours in 566 @entity1 , 349 (44%) @entity1 and 217 (39%) @entity1 ; 6 to 12 hours in 157 @entity1 , 79 (10%) @entity1 and 78 (14%) @entity1 ; and over 12 hours in 410 @entity1 , 238 (30%) @entity1 and 172 (31%) @entity1 . The time of symptom onset was unknown in 216 @entity1 , 127 (16%) @entity1 and 89 (16%) @entity1 . Angiography and reperfusion therapy were performed in 557 (41%) @entity1 , 373 (47%) @entity1 , and 184 (33%) @entity1 ; PCI/PCI + stent in 33% of @entity1 with ST or non-ST segment elevation, and 25% of @entity1 with ST segment elevation and 19% of @entity1 with non-ST segment elevation. Fibrinolytic therapy was performed in 86 @entity1 , 53 (7%) @entity1 and 30 (5%) @entity1 . Amongst @entity1187 @entity1 (N=966), 85% took @entity117 , 70% beta-blockers, 69% @entity1289 inhibitors and 63% statins. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Compared to other studies, non-ST segment elevation MI and @entity1459 seemed to be less often diagnosed. @entity1 arrived in hospital rather late after symptom onset, and this was probably one of the reasons that reperfusion therapy could not be sufficiently applied. We also noted that physicians did not always follow the generally accepted guidelines to enable a better outcome by use of preventative measures and higher rate of effective therapy. There are important lessons to be learnt from this study for both @entity1 and physicians.

title: [Epidemiology of XXXX in the City of Zagreb].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome', 'ACS']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary Syndrome']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular mortality', 'cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: DNA microarray technology has revealed vast numbers of gene expression alterations associated with @entity1 @entity5 . Assigning validity and biological significance to these changes, however, remains a considerable hurdle. Recently, microarray analysis has been applied to the study of @entity1489 . OBJECTIVES: To compare experimental data rigorously in order to strengthen conclusions regarding the pathogenesis of @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) and @entity957 ( @entity957 ), and to evaluate systematically the experimental and statistical parameters that may impact the degree of consensus among differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between studies. METHODS: We performed a systematic comparison of 10 studies that applied DNA microarray technology to study @entity1491 / @entity957 . RESULTS: A total of 1133 DEGs collectively reported across the studies were compared, and 64 DEG overlaps were found: 18 DEG overlaps in @entity957 vs. @entity957 study comparisons, 18 DEG overlaps in @entity1491 vs. @entity1491 study comparisons and 28 DEG overlaps in @entity1491 vs. @entity957 study comparisons. We documented differences in several experimental methods that may account for the relative lack of consensus between studies, including sample type, tissue procurement/handling, microarray chip and statistical analysis. The two most dysregulated biological pathways across all studies involved genes with enzymatic and structural/adhesion functions. CONCLUSIONS: DEGs that were found to overlap across two or more studies and biological pathways with the largest representation of DEGs across studies may be particularly relevant to disease pathogenesis and serve as targets for future therapy. In future work, more consistent experimental methods across laboratories may improve the validity of reported DEGs and strengthen conclusions drawn from microarray data.

title: Systematic comparison of XXXX microarray datasets reveals lack of consensus genes.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['nonmelanoma skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinoma', 'BCC']

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['nonmelanoma skin cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare two different techniques for vertical bone augmentation of the posterior mandible: bone blocs from the iliac crest vs. anorganic @entity291 bone blocs used as inlays. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten partially edentulous @entity1 having 5-7 mm of residual crestal height above the mandibular canal had their posterior mandibles randomly allocated to both interventions. After 4 months implants were inserted, and after 4 months, provisional prostheses were placed. Definitive prostheses were delivered after 4 months. Histomorphometry of samples trephined at implant placement, prosthesis and implant failures, any complication after loading and peri-implant marginal bone-level changes were assessed by masked assessors. All @entity1 were followed up to 1 year after loading. RESULTS: Four months after bone augmentation, there was statistically significant more residual graft (between 10% and 13%) in the Bio-Oss group. There were no statistically significant @entity1578 . Two implants could not be placed in one @entity1 augmented with autogenous bone because the graft failed whereas one implant and its prosthesis of the Bio-Oss group failed after loading. After implant loading only one complication ( @entity737 ) occurred at one implant of the autogenous bone group. In 16 months (from implant placement to 1 year after loading), both groups lost statistically significant amounts of peri-implant marginal bone: 0.82 mm in the autogenous bone group and 0.59 mm in the Bio-Oss group; however, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both procedures achieved good results, but the use of @entity291 blocs was less invasive and may be preferable than harvesting bone from the iliac crest.

title: Vertical ridge augmentation of the atrophic posterior mandible with interpositional bloc grafts: bone from the iliac crest vs. XXXX anorganic bone. Clinical and histological results up to one year after loading from a randomized-controlled clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['differences in failures and complications']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['peri-implantitis']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: A consecutive series of 378 @entity1 with 381 acute adult femoral shaft @entity174 in previously intact femora admitted during a 10-year period was reviewed for the incidence of local complications including malunion. The majority, 282 @entity174 (74%), were caused by motor vehicle accidents. The median age of the @entity1 was 28 years. The policy of management was internal fixation of the @entity174 on the day of admission. The method of treatment was intramedullary nailing (K  ntscher or interlocking nailing) in 279 and plate fixation in 102 @entity174 . A local complication occurred in 90 @entity1 (24%). Of these 90 cases 24 had malunion only while in the remaining 66 @entity1 there was mechanical failure of fixation in 27, @entity281 in 20 (5.3% of the total), delayed union or nonunion in 15, and refracture in four @entity1 . Concurrent injuries in the lower extremities were associated with a significantly increased frequency of delayed union, nonunion, and refracture. In 41 @entity1 (11%) a total of 58 reoperations had to be undertaken because of local complications. There was an over-representation of plated @entity174 among those @entity1 suffering a local complication classified as severe, 24 out of 37 (chi 2 = 30.3; p less than 0.001). Consequently, we now only exceptionally use plate fixation in the management of femoral shaft @entity174 .

title: Incidence of local complications after intramedullary nailing and after plate fixation of femoral shaft XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['local infection']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: AIMS: To determine the impact of self-monitoring blood @entity413 (SMBG) strip use in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 in the UK. METHODS: The study period was April 1, 2004 to July 31, 2005. Data from primary care was extracted from The Health Improvement Network database. @entity1 identified with @entity6 and matching the inclusion criteria were defined as new users of SMBG, prevalent users, or non-users. @entity1 were also defined as treated with insulin, with @entity1697 ( @entity1697 ), or not pharmacologically treated. Change in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) at baseline and after 12 months was compared. RESULTS: 2559 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. For new users, HbA(1c) fell by 0.59% (P=0.399) for those treated with insulin, 1.52% (P<0.001) for those treated with @entity1697 , and 0.51% (P<0.001) for no treatment. In prevalent users, changes were 0.31% (P<0.001), 0.34% (P<0.001), and 0.09% (P=0.456), respectively. In non-users, changes were 0.28% (P=0.618), 0.42% (P<0.001), and an increase of 0.05% (P=0.043), respectively. A significant decrease in mean HbA(1c) was associated with increasing strip use in @entity1697 @entity1 newly initiated on strips. CONCLUSION: This observational study showed a significant decrease in HbA(1c) for new users of SMBG treated either non-pharmacologically or with @entity1697 , and for prevalent users treated with insulin or @entity1697 . Reduced HbA(1c) with increasing strip use was observed but was only significant for @entity1697 -treated new users. This suggests that SMBG use has a role in the treatment of non-insulin treated @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: A longitudinal study into the new and long-term use of self-monitoring blood XXXX strips in the UK.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral agents', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: To determine the incidence and effects of @entity1494 on the upper urinary tracts in @entity1566 @entity1 , we evaluated the last 254 @entity1 during a 3-year period who underwent a complete urodynamic study, along with an excretory urogram and/or renal ultrasound. Compliance was determined at 100 cc volume. A compliance number of 20 or less was considered low. Of the 254 @entity1 43 (17 per cent) had low compliant bladders by our definition. @entity3041 was present in 56 of the 84 renal units (64 per cent) and reflux was present in 39 (46 per cent). These results are in sharp contrast to the normal compliant group in which 21 per cent of 418 renal units had @entity3041 and only 6 per cent had reflux. Of the 254 @entity1 over-all 44 had lower motor neuron lesions as determined by no bulbocavernosus reflex as well as a denervated external sphincter; 22 of these 44 @entity1 (50 per cent) had low compliant bladders. Conversely, among the 210 @entity1 with suprasacral lesions only 21 (10 per cent) had low compliant bladders. In conclusion, the development of a @entity1494 in @entity1566 @entity1 is not an uncommon event and places the upper urinary tracts at great risk. All attempts must be directed toward maintaining low detrusor pressures, and these @entity1 must have adequate and frequent followup evaluation.

title: XXXX in the @entity1566 population.

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['Hydronephrosis', 'hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['low bladder compliance', 'low compliant bladder']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['Bladder hypocompliance']


abstract: To determine the incidence and effects of @entity1494 on the upper urinary tracts in @entity1566 @entity1 , we evaluated the last 254 @entity1 during a 3-year period who underwent a complete urodynamic study, along with an excretory urogram and/or renal ultrasound. Compliance was determined at 100 cc volume. A compliance number of 20 or less was considered low. Of the 254 @entity1 43 (17 per cent) had low compliant bladders by our definition. @entity3041 was present in 56 of the 84 renal units (64 per cent) and reflux was present in 39 (46 per cent). These results are in sharp contrast to the normal compliant group in which 21 per cent of 418 renal units had @entity3041 and only 6 per cent had reflux. Of the 254 @entity1 over-all 44 had lower motor neuron lesions as determined by no bulbocavernosus reflex as well as a denervated external sphincter; 22 of these 44 @entity1 (50 per cent) had low compliant bladders. Conversely, among the 210 @entity1 with suprasacral lesions only 21 (10 per cent) had low compliant bladders. In conclusion, the development of a @entity1494 in @entity1566 @entity1 is not an uncommon event and places the upper urinary tracts at great risk. All attempts must be directed toward maintaining low detrusor pressures, and these @entity1 must have adequate and frequent followup evaluation.

title: @entity1494 in the XXXX population.

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: In the present report we described two cases of @entity590 under @entity1508 anesthesia. Case 1; A 54-year-old, 58 kg-male was scheduled for the @entity1211 . Anesthesia was induced with thiamylal, @entity3575 and @entity6305 , and maintained with @entity26 , @entity3810 and @entity1508 . The @entity1 was subjected to @entity1508 inhalation for 26 hours prior to the development of the @entity590 . Although body temperature rose to 41 degrees C, it returned to normal with the administration of 280 mg of @entity592 and systemic cooling. Case 2; A 31-year-old, 68 kg-female was scheduled for tonsillectomy. Anesthesia was induced with thiamylal, @entity26 , @entity3810 and @entity1508 . After the administration of 70 mg of SCC, marked @entity2003 occurred and endotracheal intubation was impossible. The operation was postponed. Two months after the first anesthesia, operation was successfully performed under NLA with @entity6918 and @entity3575 . @entity5834 contracture test was performed in each case by skinned fiber method and the result showed that the sensitivity to @entity5834 increased in the isolated skeletal muscle fiber bundles from these @entity1 . Thresholds of @entity5834 contracture of these skinned fiber bundles were all lower than 5mM @entity5834 .

title: [Malignant hyperthermia; two cases of MH in the presence of general anesthesia and performing XXXX contracture test].

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['muscular rigidity']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity6918 :: ('MESH:D004329', 'Chemical') :: ['droperidol']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine', 'Caffeine']

entities_list: @entity590 :: ('MESH:D008305', 'Disease') :: ['malignant hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity6305 :: ('MESH:D010197', 'Chemical') :: ['pancuronium']

entities_list: @entity592 :: ('MESH:D003620', 'Chemical') :: ['dantrolene']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['operation of giant arterio-venous malformation']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity5834 :: (MESH:D002110,Chemical) :: ['caffeine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of oral exercise intended to improve the function of the oral cavity in the elderly and their quality of life to pave the way for the development of oral-health promotion programmes geared towards the elderly. METHODS: The subjects were 78 female Koreans who resided in Seoul and were aged 65 years and older. During a 3-month period, an oral function promotion programme was conducted twice a week, between 10.00 am and 12.00 pm, applying oral exercise suggested by a Japanese public health centre. A survey was conducted by interviewing the selected @entity1 to determine the state of their subjective @entity2133 , quality of life related to oral health and jaw functional limitation. Their opening, unstimulated whole saliva and pronunciation speed were measured before and after the oral function exercise programme. RESULTS: The subjects showed a significant improvement in subjective @entity2133 , relevant behaviour, the level of discomfort caused by @entity2133 and subjective jaw functional limitation during mastication and swallowing and emotional expression after receiving the oral exercise. After the oral exercise, there was a significant increase in mouth opening, unstimulated whole saliva and speaking speed ('patakala' pronunciation) after oral exercise. There was also significant progress in their quality of life related to oral health. Overall improvement in subjective @entity2133 and relevant behaviour over time after oral exercise had a positive correlation with the level of improvement in discomfort triggered by @entity2133 and mastication. The level of improvement in OHIP-14 had a positive correlation with the level of overall improvement in @entity2133 and behaviour, the level of improvement in discomfort by @entity2133 and that in mastication and swallowing. CONCLUSION: This study showed the effects of the oral function promotion programme and correlation of oral condition and oral health-related quality of life. It is suggested that this oral function promotion programme has positive effects on both objective and subjective oral conditions. It is strongly recommended that this programme, along with other oral health promotion programmes, be implemented to improve oral function and oral health-related quality of life for the elderly.

title: Enhancing the quality of life in elderly XXXX through a programme to improve the condition of salivary hypofunction.

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['dry mouth', 'dry mouth symptoms']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: We have studied the spontaneous and nerve-evoked synaptic currents during the initial period of nerve-muscle contact in @entity1238 cell cultures. The precise timing of the contact was achieved by physically manipulating embryonic muscle cells into contact with co-cultured spinal neurons. Previous studies have shown that physical contact of the muscle membrane induces pulsatile release of @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) from the growth cone of these neurons, resulting in spontaneous synaptic currents (SSCs) in the muscle cell within seconds following the contact. In the present work, we first showed that these SSCs at the manipulated nerve-muscle contacts are similar to those observed at naturally occurring synapses. We then examined the possible cellular mechanisms responsible for the marked variation in SSC amplitude and showed that it most likely results from differences in either the amount of @entity1617 contained in each release event or the extent of close membrane apposition near the release sites. During the first 20 min following the nerve-muscle contact, there was an increase in the frequency and mean amplitude of the SSCs. During a similar period, the evoked synaptic currents (ESCs), which were induced by suprathreshold electrical stimulation of the @entity528 , also showed an increase in the mean amplitude and a reduction in the delay of onset following the stimulus. These postcontact changes in the efficacy of synaptic transmission may be related to an increase in the total area of close membrane apposition between the nerve and muscle cells. This was suggested by the finding that neurite-muscle adhesion increases over a similar postcontact period. The transition from low- to high-efficacy transmission during the early phase of contact may reflect the process of selective adhesion between the cells, and thus signify the formation of specific synapse. Analysis of the fluctuation in the ESC amplitude at the early nerve-muscle contact suggests that evoked release of @entity1617 occurs as multiples of a quantal unit. However, this unit is apparently related to only a small subpopulation of SSCs of relatively high amplitudes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Studies of nerve-muscle interactions in XXXX cell culture: analysis of early synaptic currents.

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal soma']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate occurrence rate, clinical data, and prognostic factors of @entity159 ( @entity4889 ) after @entity64 . METHODS: From 1984 to 1994, 3,205 @entity1 were admitted to the Department of Neurology at our institution with first-time @entity64 . A total of 159 of these @entity1 had first-time @entity410 . Among these 159 @entity1 , cases of @entity4889 were identified and evaluated. RESULTS: @entity4889 was recognized in 31 @entity1 (19%). In 17 @entity1 , @entity4889 was the first @entity302 symptom (initial @entity4889 ), and in 4 @entity1 , @entity64 began with @entity4889 ( @entity4889 ). In the 14 remaining @entity1 , @entity4889 occurred after one or more @entity410 (s). After a mean follow-up period of 47 months, @entity16 occurred after @entity4889 in 15 @entity1 . This deterioration was permanent in two @entity1 . Fifteen @entity1 died; in five @entity1 , @entity204 was directly related to @entity4889 . Eight of the 17 @entity1 with initial @entity4889 and all 14 @entity1 with @entity4889 after one or more @entity410 (s) developed other @entity410 or @entity4889 . @entity4889 , however, was not a predictive factor for additional @entity410 (s). CONCLUSIONS: @entity159 is common among @entity1 with @entity410 . Although the immediate prognosis of @entity1 with @entity159 is poor, @entity159 as the presenting sign did not necessarily predict subsequent @entity302 .

title: @entity159 in XXXX : report on a hospital-based @entity64 cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'poststroke seizures']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deterioration']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus', 'Status epilepticus']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate occurrence rate, clinical data, and prognostic factors of @entity159 ( @entity4889 ) after @entity64 . METHODS: From 1984 to 1994, 3,205 @entity1 were admitted to the Department of Neurology at our institution with first-time @entity64 . A total of 159 of these @entity1 had first-time @entity410 . Among these 159 @entity1 , cases of @entity4889 were identified and evaluated. RESULTS: @entity4889 was recognized in 31 @entity1 (19%). In 17 @entity1 , @entity4889 was the first @entity302 symptom (initial @entity4889 ), and in 4 @entity1 , @entity64 began with @entity4889 ( @entity4889 ). In the 14 remaining @entity1 , @entity4889 occurred after one or more @entity410 (s). After a mean follow-up period of 47 months, @entity16 occurred after @entity4889 in 15 @entity1 . This deterioration was permanent in two @entity1 . Fifteen @entity1 died; in five @entity1 , @entity204 was directly related to @entity4889 . Eight of the 17 @entity1 with initial @entity4889 and all 14 @entity1 with @entity4889 after one or more @entity410 (s) developed other @entity410 or @entity4889 . @entity4889 , however, was not a predictive factor for additional @entity410 (s). CONCLUSIONS: @entity159 is common among @entity1 with @entity410 . Although the immediate prognosis of @entity1 with @entity159 is poor, @entity159 as the presenting sign did not necessarily predict subsequent @entity302 .

title: @entity159 in @entity64 : report on a hospital-based XXXX cohort.

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate occurrence rate, clinical data, and prognostic factors of @entity159 ( @entity4889 ) after @entity64 . METHODS: From 1984 to 1994, 3,205 @entity1 were admitted to the Department of Neurology at our institution with first-time @entity64 . A total of 159 of these @entity1 had first-time @entity410 . Among these 159 @entity1 , cases of @entity4889 were identified and evaluated. RESULTS: @entity4889 was recognized in 31 @entity1 (19%). In 17 @entity1 , @entity4889 was the first @entity302 symptom (initial @entity4889 ), and in 4 @entity1 , @entity64 began with @entity4889 ( @entity4889 ). In the 14 remaining @entity1 , @entity4889 occurred after one or more @entity410 (s). After a mean follow-up period of 47 months, @entity16 occurred after @entity4889 in 15 @entity1 . This deterioration was permanent in two @entity1 . Fifteen @entity1 died; in five @entity1 , @entity204 was directly related to @entity4889 . Eight of the 17 @entity1 with initial @entity4889 and all 14 @entity1 with @entity4889 after one or more @entity410 (s) developed other @entity410 or @entity4889 . @entity4889 , however, was not a predictive factor for additional @entity410 (s). CONCLUSIONS: @entity159 is common among @entity1 with @entity410 . Although the immediate prognosis of @entity1 with @entity159 is poor, @entity159 as the presenting sign did not necessarily predict subsequent @entity302 .

title: XXXX in @entity64 : report on a hospital-based @entity64 cohort.

answer: @entity159 :: (MESH:D013226,Disease) :: ['Status epilepticus']