abstract: PURPOSE: To study the efficacy of @entity1169 in the treatment of periocular @entity7492 ( @entity7492 ). DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. @entity1 : Eighteen @entity1 presenting periocular @entity11126 with occlusion of the pupil, anisometropic @entity940 , proliferating eyelid @entity11126 , or cosmetically disfiguring periocular @entity11126 . METHODS: All @entity1 received treatment with @entity1169 started at 0.5 mg/kg/day with an incremental increase by 0.5 mg/kg/day every 4 days, up to a maximum of 2 to 3 mg/kg/day. @entity735 and serial photographs were obtained before, during, and after treatment. Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging performed pre- and post-treatment were compared when available. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Evolution of the treated @entity11126 was evaluated with respect to @entity940 , @entity4457 , and size of the lesion. RESULTS: The @entity11126 size decreased in 17 of 18 @entity1 . We noted a greater reduction when treatment was administered during the proliferative phase of growth of @entity7492 . At the conclusion of treatment, none of our @entity1 had @entity4457 . The mean value of amblyogenic @entity940 (n = 7) decreased from 2.71 diopters (D) pretreatment to 1.03 D post-treatment. On radiology, 8 @entity1 had significant regression of the lesion size of their @entity11126 and 1 @entity1 had a limited progression. @entity1169 had to be temporarily discontinued in only 1 @entity1 because of symptomatic @entity551 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1169 seems to be an effective modality of treatment for periocular @entity11126 . It seems to be most efficacious when initiated in the proliferative phase of @entity11126 but may be beneficial even in the later stage. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

title: Treatment of periocular @entity7492 with XXXX : case series of 18 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol', 'Propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity7492 :: ('MESH:C535860', 'Disease') :: ['infantile hemangiomas', 'IHs']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['Complete eye examinations']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['amblyopia']

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the efficacy of @entity1169 in the treatment of periocular @entity7492 ( @entity7492 ). DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. @entity1 : Eighteen @entity1 presenting periocular @entity11126 with occlusion of the pupil, anisometropic @entity940 , proliferating eyelid @entity11126 , or cosmetically disfiguring periocular @entity11126 . METHODS: All @entity1 received treatment with @entity1169 started at 0.5 mg/kg/day with an incremental increase by 0.5 mg/kg/day every 4 days, up to a maximum of 2 to 3 mg/kg/day. @entity735 and serial photographs were obtained before, during, and after treatment. Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging performed pre- and post-treatment were compared when available. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Evolution of the treated @entity11126 was evaluated with respect to @entity940 , @entity4457 , and size of the lesion. RESULTS: The @entity11126 size decreased in 17 of 18 @entity1 . We noted a greater reduction when treatment was administered during the proliferative phase of growth of @entity7492 . At the conclusion of treatment, none of our @entity1 had @entity4457 . The mean value of amblyogenic @entity940 (n = 7) decreased from 2.71 diopters (D) pretreatment to 1.03 D post-treatment. On radiology, 8 @entity1 had significant regression of the lesion size of their @entity11126 and 1 @entity1 had a limited progression. @entity1169 had to be temporarily discontinued in only 1 @entity1 because of symptomatic @entity551 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1169 seems to be an effective modality of treatment for periocular @entity11126 . It seems to be most efficacious when initiated in the proliferative phase of @entity11126 but may be beneficial even in the later stage. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

title: Treatment of periocular XXXX with @entity1169 : case series of 18 @entity1 .

answer: @entity7492 :: (MESH:C535860,Disease) :: ['infantile hemangiomas']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the efficacy of @entity1169 in the treatment of periocular @entity7492 ( @entity7492 ). DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. @entity1 : Eighteen @entity1 presenting periocular @entity11126 with occlusion of the pupil, anisometropic @entity940 , proliferating eyelid @entity11126 , or cosmetically disfiguring periocular @entity11126 . METHODS: All @entity1 received treatment with @entity1169 started at 0.5 mg/kg/day with an incremental increase by 0.5 mg/kg/day every 4 days, up to a maximum of 2 to 3 mg/kg/day. @entity735 and serial photographs were obtained before, during, and after treatment. Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging performed pre- and post-treatment were compared when available. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Evolution of the treated @entity11126 was evaluated with respect to @entity940 , @entity4457 , and size of the lesion. RESULTS: The @entity11126 size decreased in 17 of 18 @entity1 . We noted a greater reduction when treatment was administered during the proliferative phase of growth of @entity7492 . At the conclusion of treatment, none of our @entity1 had @entity4457 . The mean value of amblyogenic @entity940 (n = 7) decreased from 2.71 diopters (D) pretreatment to 1.03 D post-treatment. On radiology, 8 @entity1 had significant regression of the lesion size of their @entity11126 and 1 @entity1 had a limited progression. @entity1169 had to be temporarily discontinued in only 1 @entity1 because of symptomatic @entity551 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1169 seems to be an effective modality of treatment for periocular @entity11126 . It seems to be most efficacious when initiated in the proliferative phase of @entity11126 but may be beneficial even in the later stage. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

title: Treatment of periocular @entity7492 with @entity1169 : case series of 18 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The distribution pattern and associated tissue reactions with progressive changes in Besnoitia caprae cysts were investigated in 6 experimentally infected 16- to 20-month-old male @entity1237 . Each @entity1237 was subcutaneously inoculated with approximately 13   10(8) B caprae bradyzoites. The animals were examined daily for development of clinical @entity7843 , and skin biopsies from distal parts of the limbs were taken at weekly intervals. At 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 365 days postinfection (DPI), 1 @entity1237 was euthanized. Samples were collected at autopsy from various organs for histologic and ultrastructural studies. No cysts were seen in tissue sections on 15, 30, and 365 DPI, but large numbers were present at 60, 120, and 180 DPI in the skin of the distal limbs, scrotum, and ears, with fewer in the tongue, palate, sclera, testicles, and spermatic cord. No cysts were seen in the lungs, liver, kidneys, @entity149 , or lymph nodes. Cyst numbers peaked at 60 DPI, then declined from 120 to 180 DPI. @entity528 were relatively rare at 60 DPI but more numerous at 180 compared with 120. A granulomatous reaction--predominantly characterized by macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells--surrounded each degenerated cyst. All @entity1237 showed testicular tubular degeneration with little or no spermatogenic activity. The sizes of cysts and their wall thickness, with the size of bradyzoites and some of their organelles, exhibited progressive chronologic changes.

title: Histopathologic and ultrastructural studies on experimental caprine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7843 :: ('MESH:D003048', 'Disease') :: ['besnoitiosis']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['spleen, central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['Degenerated cysts']

answer: @entity7843 :: (MESH:D003048,Disease) :: ['besnoitiosis']


abstract: @entity674 ( @entity674 ) is the most common @entity361 of the gastrointestinal tract. It can be benign or malignant in behavior. Stomach, being the most common site (70%) for GISTs, is followed by the small intestine (20%). Anorectal, colonic, and esophageal GISTs are uncommon, whereas extraintestinal GISTs are extremely rare. The presenting symptoms are highly dependent on @entity5 size and location, although a large number of GISTs are asymptomatic. The purpose of this article is to highlight the unusual characteristics of GISTs illustrated by PET/CT and CT imaging. These characteristics are organized into (1) @entity5 location, (2) unusual clinical presentation, and (3) unusual sites of @entity3 . Knowing the uncommon features of GISTs is important, as they are more often seen nowadays with the increasingly important role of PET/CT and CT in @entity674 management; and these @entity5 are associated with a poorer prognosis and unwanted delay in diagnosis is avoidable. With the availability of effective treatment by @entity2213 , a prompt and early diagnosis is essential for disease control. All GISTs illustrated in this article are pathologically proven.

title: Unusual features of XXXX on PET/CT and CT imaging.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'unusual tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GIST', 'Gastrointestinal stromal tumor']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal tumor']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib mesylate']

answer: @entity674 :: (MESH:D046152,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal stromal tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To study the operability and effectiveness of a biodegradable ureteral stent for clinical treatment of @entity1901 using a @entity235 model. MATERIALS AND METHODS:     A device was designed and employed to generate firearm fragment wounds in unilateral ureters (on randomly chosen sides) of nine beagles (Group A). The wounded ureters were then debrided and sutured.     Intravenous pyelography (IVP) and radioactive renography were performed 40, 80 and 120 days postoperatively. In Group B, firearm fragment wounds were made to the bilateral ureters in nine beagles. A @entity7049 stent was placed unilaterally (on a randomly chosen side) whereas the ureter on the other side was debrided and sutured without stenting.     Both IVP and radioactive renography were performed 40, 80 and 120 days postoperatively. The operability and effectiveness of the biodegradable ureteral stent were studied thereafter. RESULTS:     In Group A, @entity3041 and hydroureter occurred and worsened postoperatively on the wounded sides in all nine beagles. The ratio of the renal partial concentration indices (RPCI) between the kidneys (unwounded side : wounded side) increased.     The ratio of the kidney washout half-time between the kidneys (unwounded side : wounded side) decreased. In Group B, neither @entity3041 nor hydroureter was found postoperatively in the stented ureters but both occurred in the unstented ureters in all nine beagles.     The ratio of RPCI between kidneys (stented side : unstented side) increased whereas the kidney washout half-time ratio between the stented and unstented sides decreased. Differences were significant. CONCLUSION:     In Group A, the new @entity235 model for firearm fragment wounds was tested and proved to be operable and effective. In Group B, @entity3041 and hydroureter were effectively prevented in ureters by biodegradable stent placement compared with the non-stented ureters where @entity3041 and hydroureter occurred. The renal concentration capacity was effectively protected and the half-time of kidney washout was shortened.

title: Introduction to biodegradable @entity7049 ureteral stent application for treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity1901 :: ('MESH:D014515', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral war injury']

entities_list: @entity7049 :: ('MESH:C010506', 'Chemical') :: ['polylactic acid']

answer: @entity1901 :: (MESH:D014515,Disease) :: ['ureteral war injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To study the operability and effectiveness of a biodegradable ureteral stent for clinical treatment of @entity1901 using a @entity235 model. MATERIALS AND METHODS:     A device was designed and employed to generate firearm fragment wounds in unilateral ureters (on randomly chosen sides) of nine beagles (Group A). The wounded ureters were then debrided and sutured.     Intravenous pyelography (IVP) and radioactive renography were performed 40, 80 and 120 days postoperatively. In Group B, firearm fragment wounds were made to the bilateral ureters in nine beagles. A @entity7049 stent was placed unilaterally (on a randomly chosen side) whereas the ureter on the other side was debrided and sutured without stenting.     Both IVP and radioactive renography were performed 40, 80 and 120 days postoperatively. The operability and effectiveness of the biodegradable ureteral stent were studied thereafter. RESULTS:     In Group A, @entity3041 and hydroureter occurred and worsened postoperatively on the wounded sides in all nine beagles. The ratio of the renal partial concentration indices (RPCI) between the kidneys (unwounded side : wounded side) increased.     The ratio of the kidney washout half-time between the kidneys (unwounded side : wounded side) decreased. In Group B, neither @entity3041 nor hydroureter was found postoperatively in the stented ureters but both occurred in the unstented ureters in all nine beagles.     The ratio of RPCI between kidneys (stented side : unstented side) increased whereas the kidney washout half-time ratio between the stented and unstented sides decreased. Differences were significant. CONCLUSION:     In Group A, the new @entity235 model for firearm fragment wounds was tested and proved to be operable and effective. In Group B, @entity3041 and hydroureter were effectively prevented in ureters by biodegradable stent placement compared with the non-stented ureters where @entity3041 and hydroureter occurred. The renal concentration capacity was effectively protected and the half-time of kidney washout was shortened.

title: Introduction to biodegradable XXXX ureteral stent application for treatment of @entity1901 .

answer: @entity7049 :: (MESH:C010506,Chemical) :: ['polylactic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although smokers tend to have a lower body-mass index than non-smokers, smoking may favour abdominal body fat accumulation. To our knowledge, no population-based studies have assessed the relationship between smoking and body fat composition. We assessed the association between cigarette smoking and waist circumference, body fat, and body-mass index. METHODS: Height, weight, and waist circumference were measured among 6,123 Caucasians (ages 35-75) from a cross-sectional population-based study in Switzerland. @entity1144 was defined as waist circumference >=  102 cm for @entity1 and >=  88 cm for @entity1 . Body fat (percent total body weight) was measured by electrical bioimpedance. Age- and sex-specific body fat cut-offs were used to define excess body fat. Cigarettes smoked per day were assessed by self-administered questionnaire. Age-adjusted means and odds ratios were calculated using linear and logistic regression. RESULTS: Current smokers (29% of @entity1 and 24% of @entity1 ) had lower mean waist circumference, body fat percentage, and body-mass index compared with non-smokers. Age-adjusted mean waist circumference and body fat increased with cigarettes smoked per day among smokers. The association between cigarettes smoked per day and body-mass index was non-significant. Compared with light smokers, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for @entity1144 in @entity1 was 1.28 (0.78-2.10) for moderate smokers and 1.94 (1.15-3.27) for heavy smokers (P = 0.03 for trend), and 1.07 (0.72-1.58) and 2.15 (1.26-3.64) in female moderate and heavy smokers, respectively (P < 0.01 for trend). Compared with light smokers, the OR for excess body fat in @entity1 was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.58-1.92) for moderate smokers and 1.15 (0.60-2.20) for heavy smokers (P = 0.75 for trend) and 1.34 (0.89-2.00) and 2.11 (1.25-3.57), respectively in @entity1 (P = 0.07 for trend). CONCLUSION: Among smokers, cigarettes smoked per day were positively associated with central fat accumulation, particularly in @entity1 .

title: Dose-dependent positive association between cigarette smoking, XXXX and body fat: cross-sectional data from a population-based survey.

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity', 'Abdominal obesity']

answer: @entity1144 :: (MESH:D056128,Disease) :: ['abdominal obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Genetically unreduced (2n) @entity8597 ( @entity8597 ) form in ovules of gametophytic apomicts, the 2n eggs of which develop into embryos parthenogenetically. In many apomicts, 2n @entity8597 form precociously during ovule development. Whether meiosis and @entity458 also occur precociously in facultative apomicts (capable of apomictic and sexual reproduction) has not been studied. We determined onset timing of meiosis and @entity458 for 569 @entity1101 genotypes, many of which produced 2n @entity8597 facultatively. RESULTS: Genotype differences for onset timing of meiosis and @entity458 , relative to ovule development, were highly significant. A major source of variation in timing of sexual germline development was presence or absence of apomictic @entity8597 , which formed from nucellar cells (apospory) in some genotypes. Genotypes that produced these aposporous @entity8597 underwent meiosis and @entity458 precociously. Aposporous @entity8597 formation was most prevalent in subsp. verticilliflorum and in breeding lines of subsp. bicolor. It was uncommon in land races. CONCLUSIONS: The present study adds meiosis and @entity458 to floral induction, apomictic @entity8597 formation, and parthenogenesis as processes observed to occur precociously in apomictic plants. The temporally diverse nature of these events suggests that an epigenetic memory of the plants' apomixis status exists throughout its life cycle, which triggers, during multiple life cycle phases, temporally distinct processes that accelerate reproduction.

title: Apospory appears to accelerate onset of meiosis and sexual embryo sac formation in XXXX ovules.

entities_list: @entity8597 :: ('MESH:D036821', 'Disease') :: ['embryo sacs', 'ES']

entities_list: @entity1101 :: ('4558', 'Species') :: ['Sorghum bicolor']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual ES formation']

answer: @entity1101 :: (4558,Species) :: ['sorghum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Indo-Asians in Canada are at increased risk for @entity65 . There is a need for cultural and language specific educational materials relating to this risk. During this project we developed and field tested the acceptability of a @entity101 public education pamphlet tailored to fit the needs of an at risk local Indo-Asian population, in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. METHODS: A community health board representing Calgary's Indo-Asian communities identified the culturally specific educational needs and language preferences of the local population. An adaptation of an existing English language Canadian Public Hypertension Recommendations pamphlet was created considering the literacy and translation challenges. The adapted pamphlet was translated into four Indo-Asian languages. The adapted pamphlets were disseminated as part of the initial educational component of a community-based culturally and language-sensitive @entity65 factor screening and management program. Field testing of the materials was undertaken when @entity1 returned for program follow-up seven to 12 months later. RESULTS: Fifty-nine English-speaking @entity1 evaluated and confirmed the concept validity of the English adapted version. 28 non-English speaking @entity1 evaluated the Gujarati (N = 13) and Punjabi (N = 15) translated versions of the adapted pamphlets. All @entity1 found the pamphlets acceptable and felt they had improved their understanding of @entity101 . CONCLUSIONS: Involving the target community to identify health issues as well as help to create culturally, language and literacy sensitive health education materials ensures resources are highly acceptable to that community. Minor changes to the materials will be needed prior to formal testing of @entity101 knowledge and health decision-making on a larger scale within this at risk community.

title: Tackling health literacy: adaptation of public XXXX educational materials for an Indo-Asian population in Canada.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk', 'cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the different success rates of air enema in intussusception cases at different ages and evaluate the value of plain film in assessing the pathogenetic condition of intussusception and intussusception with vascular compromise in @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the success rates of air enema in 1119 pediatric cases of intussusception at different ages. The radiographic findings of 190 cases were analyzed. Air enema reduction failed in 95 cases. And 95 control cases were randomly selected for reduction by air enema. Their operative and pathological data were analyzed and compared with the findings of plain film. @entity1321 was analyzed by a comparison of plain film and pathology. The plain films of @entity1 were analyzed by two experienced radiologist independently. Whenever there was dissension, they discussed and reached an agreement. RESULTS: In all cases of intussusception, the successful reduction rate was 91.5%. The cases within 1-year-old were 627 cases, air enema success rate was 87.1% and the success rate of air enema was 97.2% in beyond 1-year-old group. There was significant difference between two groups (  (2) = 36.01, P < 0.01). In 95 cases of failed air enema reduction, 14 cases were ileoileal, 10 ileocaecal and 25 ileocolic. And 44 cases were ileoilealcolic and 2 ileocoliccolic. Eleven cases had @entity39 . Four cases had small bowel duplication cyst and 3 with Meckel's diverticulum. @entity1321 in plain film had a high concordance with pathology (kappa = 0.7128). The pathology type was somewhat correlated with the finding of plain film (P < 0.01). As assessed by plain film, there were intussusceptions with vascular compromise (n = 30) with a coffee-bean sign or banana sign, a paucity of bowel gas (n = 36), quadrant gas (n = 51) and mass or crescent (n = 73). Through an analysis between plain film signs and the onset of symptom by Spearman correlation (nonzero correlation = 20.67, P < 0.01), there was statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The successful rate of air enema in intussusception is lower in within 1-year-old group than beyond 1-year-old group. The sign of plain film is more significant in assessing the pathogenetic conditions of intussusception. And it has a high concordance with pathology in assessing the @entity1321 .

title: [Analyses of air enema and radiographic film for acute intussusception in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction with vascular compromise', 'Intestinal obstruction with vascular compromise']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal necrosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the protective effects of @entity71844 ( @entity30765 ) on the Ab(25-35)-induced apoptosis in PC-12 cells. METHODS: The apoptosis of PC-12 cell was analyzed by @entity98 assay, transmission electron microscope and PI method at different concentrations of @entity30765 (0.1, 1.0, 10, 100   mol/L) with the addition of Ab or not. The expressions of @entity1976 and cytochrome C (Cyt-C) were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: As demonstrated by the @entity98 assay, the values of cell viability were 76.5%    1.1%, 84.2%    1.3%, 89.5%    1.3% and 81.9%    1.9% at various concentration (0.1, 1.0, 10, 100   mol/L) of @entity30765 respectively. The model group was 71.7%    1.4%. It was revealed that the former could significantly prevent the cell viability under the induction of Ab(25-35) (P < 0.05). A pretreatment with 10   mol/L @entity30765 could significantly inhibit the decrease of viability under the induction of Ab(25-35) (P < 0.05). PI showed that the apoptosis rate of the 10   mol/L @entity30765 treatment group was significantly lower than that of the model group. Under electron microscope, the characteristics of cell apoptosis were significant in the model group. And the cell morphology of the 10   mol/L @entity30765 treatment group was normal. The expression rate of @entity1976 protein in the 10   mol/L @entity30765 treatment group was obviously higher than that in the model group. @entity19 was weakly expressed in nerve cells of the normal and the 10   mol/L @entity30765 groups. But it had a strong expression in the model group. CONCLUSION: @entity30765 prevents the injury of PC12 cells by Ab. And the mechanism may be related to the elevated level of @entity1976 and the inhibited mitochondrial release of Cyt-C.

title: [Effects of XXXX on the apoptosis of PC-12 cells under the induction of b-amyloid peptide].

entities_list: @entity71844 :: ('MESH:C027125', 'Chemical') :: ['butylphthalide']

answer: @entity71844 :: (MESH:C027125,Chemical) :: ['butylphthalide']


abstract: A prospective open-label study was designed to determine the efficacy and safety of continuous @entity1363 infusion in neonates with uncontrollable neonatal @entity410 . @entity1 whose @entity410 could not be controlled by @entity3175 , @entity3174 or @entity109 were enrolled. @entity1363 was given as an intravenous bolus dose followed by continuous intravenous infusion. Thirty-two @entity1 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. @entity1363 terminated the @entity410 in all @entity1 . The maximum dose of @entity1363 ranged from 1 microgram/kg/min to 15 micrograms/kg/min, with average of 4 micrograms/kg/min. Four @entity1 had recurrent @entity410 , which stop after @entity1363 was reinstituted. There were no significant changes in serum @entity1372 , @entity972 , @entity460 or @entity413 in any of the @entity1 . Adverse effects included @entity551 in 12 @entity1 (38%) that was successfully controlled with intropic agents ( @entity935 and/or @entity452 ) and transient urinary retention in 12 (38%). Our study suggests that @entity1363 is safe and effective for the treatment of uncontrollable neonatal @entity410 .

title: Continuous @entity1363 infusion in the treatment of uncontrollable neonatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbital']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['Midazolam', 'midazolam']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: A prospective open-label study was designed to determine the efficacy and safety of continuous @entity1363 infusion in neonates with uncontrollable neonatal @entity410 . @entity1 whose @entity410 could not be controlled by @entity3175 , @entity3174 or @entity109 were enrolled. @entity1363 was given as an intravenous bolus dose followed by continuous intravenous infusion. Thirty-two @entity1 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. @entity1363 terminated the @entity410 in all @entity1 . The maximum dose of @entity1363 ranged from 1 microgram/kg/min to 15 micrograms/kg/min, with average of 4 micrograms/kg/min. Four @entity1 had recurrent @entity410 , which stop after @entity1363 was reinstituted. There were no significant changes in serum @entity1372 , @entity972 , @entity460 or @entity413 in any of the @entity1 . Adverse effects included @entity551 in 12 @entity1 (38%) that was successfully controlled with intropic agents ( @entity935 and/or @entity452 ) and transient urinary retention in 12 (38%). Our study suggests that @entity1363 is safe and effective for the treatment of uncontrollable neonatal @entity410 .

title: Continuous XXXX infusion in the treatment of uncontrollable neonatal @entity410 .

answer: @entity1363 :: (MESH:D008874,Chemical) :: ['midazolam']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Painful @entity572 or @entity174 can be an important signal for @entity528 and progression to @entity571 due to intraarticular pathology. However, there is limited literature discussing the use of arthroscopy for the treatment of @entity158 hip. The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyze the effectiveness and benefit of arthroscopic treatment for @entity1 with a @entity158 hip after @entity130 . METHODS: From July 2003 to February 2013, we reviewed 13 @entity1 who underwent arthroscopic treatment after @entity174 or @entity572 and were followed up for a minimum of 2 postoperative years. The degree of @entity571 based on the Tonnis classification pre- and postoperatively at final follow-up was determined. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using visual analogue scale for @entity158 (VAS) and modified Harris hip score (MHHS), and range of motion (ROM) of the hip pre- and postoperatively at final follow-up. RESULTS: There were nine male and four female @entity1 with a mean age at surgery of 28 years (range, 20 to 50 years). The mean follow-up period of the @entity1 was 59.8 months (range, 24 to 115 months), and the mean interval between initial @entity130 and arthroscopic treatment was 40.8 months (range, 1 to 144 months). At the final follow-up, VAS and MHHS improved significantly from 6.3 and 53.4 to 3.0 and 88.3, respectively (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively). However, there were no significant differences in hip flexion, abduction, adduction, external rotation, and internal rotation as minor improvements from 113.1  , 38.5  , 28.5  , 36.5  , and 22.7   to 118.5  , 39.0  , 29.2  , 38.9  , and 26.5   were observed, respectively (p = 0.070, p = 0.414, p = 0.317, p = 0.084, and p = 0.136, respectively). None of the @entity1 exhibited progression of @entity570 at the final follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic treatment after @entity174 or @entity572 is effective and delays the progression of @entity130 .

title: Usefulness of Arthroscopic Treatment of Painful Hip after Acetabular Fracture or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['acetabular fracture']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip dislocation', 'hip following hip dislocation']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['early degeneration']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['major trauma', 'trauma', 'traumatic osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis of the hip']

answer: @entity572 :: (MESH:D006617,Disease) :: ['Hip Dislocation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that Fas- @entity12 interaction was responsible for the apoptosis of epidermal cells in @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ) and @entity137 ( @entity137 ) and that high doses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) could help @entity1 by blocking the apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of IVIG on @entity6715 and @entity137 . DESIGN: Prospective open trial. SETTING: Referral center of a university hospital. @entity1 : Thirty-four consecutive @entity1 admitted for @entity6715 (n = 9), @entity6715 (n = 5), or @entity137 (n = 20) a mean of 4.3 days after onset. INTERVENTION: A dose of 2 g/kg of IVIG was administered within 2 days (half doses or full doses over a longer period for @entity1 with low @entity1011 clearance). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Detached plus detachable proportions of the total body surface area measured before and after treatment and predicted @entity204 rate estimated on admission with a validated prognostic score. RESULTS: Epidermal detachment involved a mean +/- SD 19% +/- 16% of the total body surface area on admission and 32% +/- 26% after IVIG treatment (progression in 22 of 34 cases, including most @entity1 referred early). The prognostic score predicted 8.2 @entity204 (24%); 11 were observed (32%; 95% confidence interval, 17%-51%). Most @entity204 occurred in elderly @entity1 who had initially @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: The confidence interval of the observed @entity204 rate excludes a dramatic decrease in mortality. No measurable effect was observed on the progression of detachment or on the speed of reepidermalization. These results do not support the routine use of IVIG treatment for @entity1 with @entity6715 or @entity137 , especially in cases of @entity8 .

title: Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for @entity6715 and XXXX : a prospective noncomparative study showing no benefit on mortality or progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['TEN', 'toxic epidermal necrolysis']

entities_list: @entity6715 :: ('MESH:D013262', 'Disease') :: ['SJS', 'Stevens-Johnson syndrome', 'SJS-TEN']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['deaths', 'death']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxic epidermal necrolysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that Fas- @entity12 interaction was responsible for the apoptosis of epidermal cells in @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ) and @entity137 ( @entity137 ) and that high doses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) could help @entity1 by blocking the apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of IVIG on @entity6715 and @entity137 . DESIGN: Prospective open trial. SETTING: Referral center of a university hospital. @entity1 : Thirty-four consecutive @entity1 admitted for @entity6715 (n = 9), @entity6715 (n = 5), or @entity137 (n = 20) a mean of 4.3 days after onset. INTERVENTION: A dose of 2 g/kg of IVIG was administered within 2 days (half doses or full doses over a longer period for @entity1 with low @entity1011 clearance). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Detached plus detachable proportions of the total body surface area measured before and after treatment and predicted @entity204 rate estimated on admission with a validated prognostic score. RESULTS: Epidermal detachment involved a mean +/- SD 19% +/- 16% of the total body surface area on admission and 32% +/- 26% after IVIG treatment (progression in 22 of 34 cases, including most @entity1 referred early). The prognostic score predicted 8.2 @entity204 (24%); 11 were observed (32%; 95% confidence interval, 17%-51%). Most @entity204 occurred in elderly @entity1 who had initially @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: The confidence interval of the observed @entity204 rate excludes a dramatic decrease in mortality. No measurable effect was observed on the progression of detachment or on the speed of reepidermalization. These results do not support the routine use of IVIG treatment for @entity1 with @entity6715 or @entity137 , especially in cases of @entity8 .

title: Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for XXXX and @entity137 : a prospective noncomparative study showing no benefit on mortality or progression.

answer: @entity6715 :: (MESH:D013262,Disease) :: ['Stevens-Johnson syndrome']


abstract: Long-term monolayer cultures of adult @entity35 hepatocytes were tested for their ability to glucuronize @entity3971 red and to maintain initial levels of cell proteins, @entity413 consumption, and @entity880 production. @entity880 dehydrogenase leakage served as an index of culture status because a high value indicates cell death. Three tissue culture (TC) media formulations were the main variables introduced to determine ideal conditions for cell survival in vitro. Investigations of long-term cultures were preceded by studies of hepatocyte attachment to @entity852 surfaces. This attachment was influenced by the amount of substrate deposited and the number of cells seeded, but not by the uniformity of the substrate coating. A statistical analysis of our data revealed that in the absence of fetal bovine serum (FBS), air dried collagen (ADC) and Biomatrix (BMX) were superior to saline precipitated collagen and fibronectin as attachment substrates. In the presence of 10% FBS, all of the substrates performed equally. Chee's Medium (CEM) proved to be the best for preserving cell proteins over a time course of 28 d and Williams' E medium also performed adequately up to 14 d. The glucuronization of @entity3971 red was at 50% of initial values at Day 7 in CEM-ADC hepatocytes in contrast to 30% for cells in Williams' E medium and 5% for cells grown in Waymouth's. At 14 d glucuronization was still present at 40% of original values in CEM-ADC cells but had ceased in the other two media. When BMX was used, none of the TC media supported glucuronization levels comparable to ADC cells.

title: Attachment and long term survival of adult XXXX hepatocytes in primary monolayer cultures: comparison of different substrata and tissue culture media formulations.

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid', 'Lactate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Purpose. @entity650 ( @entity650 ) plays a crucial role in both adaptive and innate immunity. The @entity15147 gene polymorphism of @entity650 is associated with various @entity792 , like @entity15 . Methods. 134 @entity1 with @entity1530 positive @entity5502 , 84 @entity1 with intermediate @entity1596 , 132 controls, and 65 @entity1530 positive controls were recruited for the present case-control study. Main outcome measures were genotype distribution and allelic frequencies determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results. The frequency of carriers of the minor allele for @entity15147 was significantly higher in @entity1 with intermediate @entity1596 compared to controls (p = 0.04; OR: 1.46; CI: 1.02-2.11). Frequencies of the minor allele for @entity15147 did not differ significantly in @entity1 with @entity1530 associated @entity1596 when compared to controls (p > 0.05). Conclusion. These findings further deepen our understanding of the commonality between @entity15 and intermediate @entity1596 . Given the functionality of the investigated polymorphism, new pathophysiological insights are gained that help to evaluate possible therapeutic targets.

title: Analysis of a Functional @entity650 Gene Polymorphism in @entity1530 Associated and Intermediate XXXX Gives New Insight in Disease Pathogenesis and Commonality with Other @entity792 .

entities_list: @entity5502 :: ('MESH:D015863', 'Disease') :: ['iridocyclitis']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['Uveitis']


abstract: Purpose. @entity650 ( @entity650 ) plays a crucial role in both adaptive and innate immunity. The @entity15147 gene polymorphism of @entity650 is associated with various @entity792 , like @entity15 . Methods. 134 @entity1 with @entity1530 positive @entity5502 , 84 @entity1 with intermediate @entity1596 , 132 controls, and 65 @entity1530 positive controls were recruited for the present case-control study. Main outcome measures were genotype distribution and allelic frequencies determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results. The frequency of carriers of the minor allele for @entity15147 was significantly higher in @entity1 with intermediate @entity1596 compared to controls (p = 0.04; OR: 1.46; CI: 1.02-2.11). Frequencies of the minor allele for @entity15147 did not differ significantly in @entity1 with @entity1530 associated @entity1596 when compared to controls (p > 0.05). Conclusion. These findings further deepen our understanding of the commonality between @entity15 and intermediate @entity1596 . Given the functionality of the investigated polymorphism, new pathophysiological insights are gained that help to evaluate possible therapeutic targets.

title: Analysis of a Functional @entity650 Gene Polymorphism in @entity1530 Associated and Intermediate @entity1596 Gives New Insight in Disease Pathogenesis and Commonality with Other XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity792 :: (MESH:D001327,Disease) :: ['Autoimmune Diseases']


abstract: Purpose. @entity650 ( @entity650 ) plays a crucial role in both adaptive and innate immunity. The @entity15147 gene polymorphism of @entity650 is associated with various @entity792 , like @entity15 . Methods. 134 @entity1 with @entity1530 positive @entity5502 , 84 @entity1 with intermediate @entity1596 , 132 controls, and 65 @entity1530 positive controls were recruited for the present case-control study. Main outcome measures were genotype distribution and allelic frequencies determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results. The frequency of carriers of the minor allele for @entity15147 was significantly higher in @entity1 with intermediate @entity1596 compared to controls (p = 0.04; OR: 1.46; CI: 1.02-2.11). Frequencies of the minor allele for @entity15147 did not differ significantly in @entity1 with @entity1530 associated @entity1596 when compared to controls (p > 0.05). Conclusion. These findings further deepen our understanding of the commonality between @entity15 and intermediate @entity1596 . Given the functionality of the investigated polymorphism, new pathophysiological insights are gained that help to evaluate possible therapeutic targets.

title: Analysis of a Functional XXXX Gene Polymorphism in @entity1530 Associated and Intermediate @entity1596 Gives New Insight in Disease Pathogenesis and Commonality with Other @entity792 .

answer: @entity650 :: (3569,Gene) :: ['IL-6']


abstract: Purpose. @entity650 ( @entity650 ) plays a crucial role in both adaptive and innate immunity. The @entity15147 gene polymorphism of @entity650 is associated with various @entity792 , like @entity15 . Methods. 134 @entity1 with @entity1530 positive @entity5502 , 84 @entity1 with intermediate @entity1596 , 132 controls, and 65 @entity1530 positive controls were recruited for the present case-control study. Main outcome measures were genotype distribution and allelic frequencies determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results. The frequency of carriers of the minor allele for @entity15147 was significantly higher in @entity1 with intermediate @entity1596 compared to controls (p = 0.04; OR: 1.46; CI: 1.02-2.11). Frequencies of the minor allele for @entity15147 did not differ significantly in @entity1 with @entity1530 associated @entity1596 when compared to controls (p > 0.05). Conclusion. These findings further deepen our understanding of the commonality between @entity15 and intermediate @entity1596 . Given the functionality of the investigated polymorphism, new pathophysiological insights are gained that help to evaluate possible therapeutic targets.

title: Analysis of a Functional @entity650 Gene Polymorphism in XXXX Associated and Intermediate @entity1596 Gives New Insight in Disease Pathogenesis and Commonality with Other @entity792 .

answer: @entity1530 :: (3106,Gene) :: ['HLAB27']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of the introduction of a physiotherapist with an extended scope of practice in the management of acute soft tissue @entity3331 in an accident and emergency (A_E) department. METHODS: The A_E department established an Acute Knee Screening Service (AKSS) in 1998. An experienced physiotherapist was appointed to run the AKSS after additional training. Local guidelines and protocols were developed in conjunction with @entity130 knee surgeons, radiologists, physiotherapists, and A_E doctors. This study describes 100 consecutive @entity1 managed by the AKSS over a three month period and comparisons are made over a similar period before the introduction of the AKSS. RESULTS: The initial diagnosis of @entity1 with @entity131 referred to the service showed @entity130 (38%), cruciate @entity130 (18%), @entity174 (2%), @entity130 (10%), and others (32%). Ninety five per cent of @entity1 referred to AKSS were seen within one week. Medical time was saved in both A_E and @entity130 clinic. Fifty nine per cent of @entity1 were treated and discharged from the service without further medical review. Thirty nine per cent (39) were referred to @entity130 clinic and of these 44% (17) had MRI scans performed as requested by the physiotherapist. Eighty eight per cent (15) of these scans showed significant abnormality: (nine, @entity1347 , one, posterior cruciate ligament tears, and nine @entity937 ). CONCLUSIONS: A physiotherapy practitioner working with an extended role is a valuable addition to an A_E department. The AKSS improves the quality of care of @entity131 , saves medical time, and fosters cooperation across services within the NHS.

title: Management of soft tissue XXXX in an accident and emergency department: the effect of the introduction of a physiotherapy practitioner.

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['acute knee injuries']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal tears']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['anterior cruciate ligament tears']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['knee injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal injuries', 'patellofemoral joint injuries', 'ligament injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity3331 :: (MESH:D007718,Disease) :: ['knee injuries']


abstract: Between September 1971 and May 1982, at the University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, 821 total knee arthroplasties were performed in 604 @entity1 , all of whom received perioperative antibiotics. @entity295 , proved by a positive culture of a specimen obtained by postoperative arthrocentesis, developed fourteen times in thirteen knees of twelve @entity1 , an incidence of 1.71 per cent. In one of these @entity1 , who had @entity1252 and bilateral knee replacement, the right knee became infected with two distinct organisms on two different occasions (separated by ten months). The first infection was probably hematogenous while the second, developing after a dental procedure, definitely was. Over-all, five @entity281 were hematogenous with an identified source and one other was suspected of having a hematogenous origin. The time from operation to the diagnosis of @entity295 averaged 8.3 months over-all, but five of the fourteen @entity281 were recognized less than two months after arthroplasty. For the six @entity281 that were assumed to be hematogenous, the time from operation to the diagnosis of @entity295 averaged 16.4 months. The major presenting symptom was @entity158 in thirteen of the fourteen @entity281 . The initial treatments of the fourteen @entity281 consisted of intravenous antibiotics in all of them, primary removal of the prosthesis and so-called exchange arthroplasty after five days in one, removal of the prosthesis and fusion in one, arthrotomy and d  bridement in six, arthroscopic irrigation in three, and antibiotics alone in three (of which one was treated with an exchange arthroplasty after three weeks). At last follow-up, only four of the thirteen prostheses had been salvaged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX following total knee arthroplasty. Ten-year experience at the University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center.

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['Deep sepsis', 'sepsis']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['Deep sepsis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Heart transplant is the best treatment for end-stage @entity712 . @entity1576 after heart transplant is a potentially serious complication. @entity358 , @entity120 , allograft failure or rejection, and structural @entity299 in the donor heart are among the causes of @entity519 after transplant. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of @entity519 and @entity1576 in @entity1 with orthotopic heart transplant during the early postoperative period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 45 @entity1 who had received orthotopic heart transplant at our center. Clinical and demographic variables and laboratory data were noted. @entity26 saturation values from @entity1 in the first week and the first month after transplant were analyzed. We also documented the cause of @entity1576 and the type of treatment. RESULTS: Mean age was 35.3    15.3 years (range, 12-61 y), with males comprising 32 of 45 @entity1 (71.1%). Two @entity1 had mild @entity1030 and 1 had @entity565 . Twenty-five @entity1 (55.6%) had a history of smoking. @entity1576 was noted in 9 @entity1 (20%) during the first postoperative week. Regarding cause, 5 of these @entity1 (11.1%) had @entity1143 , 2 (4.4%) had @entity891 , 1 (2.2%) had @entity55 , and 1 (2.2%) had @entity810 . Therapies administered to @entity1 with @entity1576 were as follows: 5 @entity1 had @entity26 therapy with nasal canula/mask, 3 @entity1 had continuous positive airway pressure, and 1 @entity1 had mechanical ventilation. One month after transplant, 2 @entity1 (4.4%) had @entity1576 1 (2.2%) due to @entity1143 and 1 (2.2%) due to @entity891 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1576 is a common complication in the first week after orthotopic heart transplant. Identification of the underlying cause is an important indicator for therapy. With appropriate care, @entity1576 can be treated successfully.

title: Prevalence, Cause, and Treatment of XXXX After Orthotopic Heart Transplant.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['atelectasis']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency', 'Respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart defects']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['Respiratory Insufficiency']


abstract: The periplasmic @entity68 binding protein of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria performs an essential role in @entity68 acquisition from transferrin and other @entity68 sources. Structural analysis of this protein from @entity327 identified four @entity1522 that ligand the bound @entity68 : His(9), @entity367 (57), Tyr(195), and Tyr(196). A phosphate provides an additional ligand, and the presence of a water molecule is required to complete the octahedral geometry for stable @entity68 binding. We report the 1.14-A resolution crystal structure of the @entity68 -loaded form of the @entity327 periplasmic ferric ion binding protein (FbpA) mutant @entity72332 . This protein was produced in the periplasm of @entity526 and, after purification and conversion to the apo form, was @entity68 -loaded. H9Q is able to bind ferric @entity68 in an open conformation. A surprising finding in the present high resolution structure is the presence of @entity1098 located at the previously determined anion ternary binding site, where @entity1391 is located in the wild type holo and apo structures. @entity1098 contributes four of the six coordinating ligands for @entity68 , with two Tyr residues, 195 and 196, completing the coordination. This is the first example of a metal binding protein with a bound metal. @entity1098 complex. The results suggest that FbpA may have the ability to bind and transport @entity68 bound to biological chelators, in addition to bare ferric @entity68 .

title: High resolution structure of an alternate form of the ferric ion binding protein from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity327 :: ('727', 'Species') :: ['H. influenzae', 'Haemophilus influenzae']

entities_list: @entity72332 :: ('p|SUB|H|9|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['H9Q']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

answer: @entity327 :: (727,Species) :: ['Haemophilus influenzae']


abstract: Renal hemodynamics increase dramatically during pregnancy, and pressor responsiveness to exogenous administration of vasoconstrictors is attenuated. We investigated whether or not vasodilatory @entity2918 mediate these phenomena. Trained, chronically instrumented, conscious pregnant @entity35 were used. Control values of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were elevated at midgestation (P less than 0.01 and P = 0.05 from prepregnant means, respectively), and effective renal vascular resistance was decreased (P = 0.05). @entity3352 (4.5-6.5 mg/kg body weight [BW]) failed to decrease renal hemodynamics at this stage of pregnancy; in fact, it raised GFR somewhat further (P less than 0.05). Systemic pressor responsiveness to bolus administration of @entity1063 and @entity1808 (AII) was significantly attenuated by at least gestational day 20. Neither @entity3352 (7 mg/kg BW) or @entity5728 (6 mg/kg BW) affected the refractory response. The renal vasculature was also relatively unresponsive to an intravenous infusion of AII (5 ng X kg-1 X min-1) during late gestation (day 19); in particular, the fall in ERPF in response to AII (16 +/- 3%) was markedly less than that observed in the prepregnant condition (34 +/- 3%; P less than 0.05). @entity3352 (6 mg/kg BW) failed to restore this blunted response, and further attenuation was evident, despite the presence of the inhibitor (gestational day 21). We conclude that vasodilatory @entity2918 do not appear to mediate the rise in renal hemodynamics, and the attenuation of the systemic and renal pressor responsiveness observed during pregnancy, insofar as these phenomena were unaffected by acute cyclooxygenase inhibition in unstressed, conscious @entity35 .

title: Evidence against the hypothesis that XXXX are the vasodepressor agents of pregnancy. Serial studies in chronically instrumented, conscious @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity5728 :: ('MESH:D008469', 'Chemical') :: ['meclofenamate']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin', 'indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity2918 :: (MESH:D011453,Chemical) :: ['prostaglandins']


abstract: Renal hemodynamics increase dramatically during pregnancy, and pressor responsiveness to exogenous administration of vasoconstrictors is attenuated. We investigated whether or not vasodilatory @entity2918 mediate these phenomena. Trained, chronically instrumented, conscious pregnant @entity35 were used. Control values of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were elevated at midgestation (P less than 0.01 and P = 0.05 from prepregnant means, respectively), and effective renal vascular resistance was decreased (P = 0.05). @entity3352 (4.5-6.5 mg/kg body weight [BW]) failed to decrease renal hemodynamics at this stage of pregnancy; in fact, it raised GFR somewhat further (P less than 0.05). Systemic pressor responsiveness to bolus administration of @entity1063 and @entity1808 (AII) was significantly attenuated by at least gestational day 20. Neither @entity3352 (7 mg/kg BW) or @entity5728 (6 mg/kg BW) affected the refractory response. The renal vasculature was also relatively unresponsive to an intravenous infusion of AII (5 ng X kg-1 X min-1) during late gestation (day 19); in particular, the fall in ERPF in response to AII (16 +/- 3%) was markedly less than that observed in the prepregnant condition (34 +/- 3%; P less than 0.05). @entity3352 (6 mg/kg BW) failed to restore this blunted response, and further attenuation was evident, despite the presence of the inhibitor (gestational day 21). We conclude that vasodilatory @entity2918 do not appear to mediate the rise in renal hemodynamics, and the attenuation of the systemic and renal pressor responsiveness observed during pregnancy, insofar as these phenomena were unaffected by acute cyclooxygenase inhibition in unstressed, conscious @entity35 .

title: Evidence against the hypothesis that @entity2918 are the vasodepressor agents of pregnancy. Serial studies in chronically instrumented, conscious XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: CONTEXT:    A variety of ankle self-stretching exercises have been recommended to improve ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) in individuals with limited ankle dorsiflexion. A @entity10874 can be applied to stabilize the talus and facilitate anterior glide of the distal tibia at the talocrural joint during ankle self-stretching exercises. Novel ankle self-stretching using a @entity10874 (SSS) may be a useful method of improving ankle DFROM. OBJECTIVE:    To compare the effects of 2 ankle-stretching techniques (static stretching versus SSS) on ankle DFROM. DESIGN:    Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING:    University research laboratory. @entity1 OR OTHER @entity1 :    Thirty-two @entity1 with limited active dorsiflexion (<20  ) while sitting (14 @entity1 and 18 @entity1 ) were recruited. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):    The @entity1 performed 2 ankle self-stretching techniques (static stretching and SSS) for 3 weeks. Active DFROM (ADFROM), passive DFROM (PDFROM), and the lunge angle were measured. An independent t test was used to compare the improvements in these values before and after the 2 stretching interventions. The level of statistical significance was set at a = .05. RESULTS:    Active DFROM and PDFROM were greater in both stretching groups after the 3-week interventions. However, ADFROM, PDFROM, and the lunge angle were greater in the SSS group than in the static-stretching group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS:    Ankle SSS is recommended to improve ADFROM, PDFROM, and the lunge angle in individuals with limited DFROM.

title: Ankle-Dorsiflexion Range of Motion After Ankle Self-Stretching Using a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

answer: @entity10874 :: (11171,Gene) :: ['Strap']


abstract: @entity8678 are a rare but diverse group of benign and @entity5 that arise within the retroperitoneal space but outside the major organs in this space. Although computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can demonstrate important characteristics of these @entity5 , diagnosis is often challenging for radiologists. Diagnostic challenges include precise localization of the lesion, determination of the extent of invasion, and characterization of the specific pathologic type. The first step is to determine whether the @entity5 is located within the retroperitoneal space. Displacement of normal anatomic structures of the retroperitoneum is helpful in this regard. For @entity5 that are located within the retroperitoneum, the next step is to identify the organ of origin. Specific signs, including the "beak sign," the "embedded organ sign," and the "phantom (invisible) organ sign," are useful for this purpose. When there is no definite sign that suggests the organ of origin, the diagnosis of a primary @entity5 becomes likely. Awareness of specific patterns of spread, specific @entity5 components, and @entity5 vascularity help in further narrowing the differential diagnosis. Attention to these diagnostic clues is essential in making an accurate radiologic diagnosis of @entity5 and in obtaining clinically significant information.

title: XXXX : CT and MR imaging findings with anatomic and pathologic diagnostic clues.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'retroperitoneal tumor', 'primary retroperitoneal tumors', 'malignant tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity8678 :: ('MESH:D012186', 'Disease') :: ['Primary retroperitoneal neoplasms']

answer: @entity8678 :: (MESH:D012186,Disease) :: ['Primary retroperitoneal neoplasms']


abstract: Discordant bone marrow (BM) involvement in @entity1 with a diagnosis of large-cell @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) is characterized by marrow infiltrates predominantly composed of small lymphoid cell, cytologically compatible with low-grade @entity1893 . Although this phenomenon is well described morphologically, molecular data concerning the relationship of the two lesions are lacking. The aim of the study was to investigate the clonal relationship of discordant @entity706 manifestations by using @entity7513 ( @entity7513 ), as well as @entity588 rearrangements, as molecular markers. @entity7513 rearrangements were amplified by PCR with consensus primers directed against framework regions 3 or 2 (FR3 and FR2), followed by automated fragment length analysis and sequencing in selected cases. Rearrangements of the @entity588 gene were identified with primers against the major breakpoint region. Small BM infiltrates were isolated by laser capture microdissection. In addition, immunohistochemistry was performed on paraffin sections using antibodies against CD3, @entity2282 , @entity2225 , @entity588 , @entity4042 , @entity876 , and the Ki67 antigen. @entity982 -embedded tissues of 21 cases diagnosed as @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) with discordant BM involvement and no previous history of low-grade B-cell @entity1893 were analyzed. After review of immunohistochemical stains, 5 cases were excluded either as concordant BM infiltrates by @entity706 with abundant reactive T-cells (2 cases) or as benign, reactive lymphoid infiltrates (3 cases), as confirmed by a polyclonal pattern in the @entity7513 analysis. Of the remaining 16 cases, a common clonal origin was confirmed in 8 cases by the presence of an identical clonal @entity7513 rearrangement or @entity588 rearrangement. In 4 cases, identification of distinct @entity7513 or @entity588 rearrangements gave evidence for the presence of two clonally unrelated @entity5 . The remaining 4 cases were not evaluable for technical reasons. Morphological, phenotypical, and molecular findings were compatible with a @entity706 of germinal center origin in the majority of cases. However, in 4 cases, flow cytometric analysis of the BM infiltrates revealed a @entity1072 phenotype. Two of these cases were clonally related to the @entity1892 and thus represented @entity6492 . In summary, discordant BM infiltrates in @entity1892 represent a heterogeneous group of disorders, encompassing cases with a clonally related, clinically occult small-cell component, as well as cases with two clonally distinct, unrelated @entity1892 presenting synchronously at different locations.

title: Discordant bone marrow involvement in XXXX : comparative molecular analysis reveals a heterogeneous group of disorders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'large-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'B-cell neoplasms', 'diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

entities_list: @entity6492 :: ('MESH:C537025', 'Disease') :: ["Richter's transformation"]

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity7513 :: ('3492', 'Gene') :: ['immunoglobulin heavy chain gene', 'IgH']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the feasibility of cold @entity24332 polypectomy (CSP) in Japan. METHODS: The outcomes of 234 non-pedunculated @entity1127 smaller than 10 mm in 61 @entity1 who underwent CSP in a Japanese referral center were retrospectively analyzed. The cold @entity24332 polypectomies were performed by nine endoscopists with no prior experience in CSP using an electrosurgical @entity24332 without electrocautery. RESULTS: CSPs were completed for 232 of the 234 @entity1127 . Two (0.9%) @entity1127 could not be removed without electrocautery. Immediate postpolypectomy @entity548 requiring endoscopic hemostasis occurred in eight lesions (3.4%; 95%CI: 1.1%-5.8%), but all were easily managed. The incidence of immediate @entity548 after CSP for small @entity1127 (6-9 mm) was significantly higher than that of diminutive @entity1127 ( <= 5 mm; 15% vs 1%, respectively). Three (5%) @entity1 complained of minor @entity548 after the procedure but required no intervention. The incidence of delayed @entity548 requiring endoscopic intervention was 0.0% (95%CI: 0.0%-1.7%). In total, 12% of the resected lesions could not be retrieved for pathological examination. @entity5 involvement in the lateral margin could not be histologically assessed in 70 (40%) lesions. CONCLUSION: CSP is feasible in Japan. However, immediate @entity548 , retrieval failure and uncertain assessment of the @entity5 margin should not be underestimated. Careful endoscopic diagnosis before and evaluation of the @entity5 residue after CSP are recommended when implementing CSP in Japan.

title: Feasibility of cold XXXX polypectomy in Japan: A pilot study.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'lateral tumor', 'Tumor']

answer: @entity24332 :: (100170220,Gene) :: ['snare']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although several risk factors associated with reduced age @entity7793 ( @entity7793 ) have been investigated, the results are inconsistent. Excessive stress, which leads to elevation of stress hormones, can also negatively affect reproductive ability, including by accelerating menopause. However, a direct association between stress level and @entity7793 has not yet been demonstrated. Therefore, the object of this study was to investigate the association between stress level and @entity7793 in Korean @entity1 . METHODS: Study @entity1 were Korean @entity1 between 40 and 70 years old who were in natural menopause during the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n=3,176). The level of stress in daily life was estimated based on data from the mental health topics of the survey. We used the t-test and one-way analysis of variance to analyze the correlation between stress level and @entity7793 . Regression (b) coefficients calculated by multiple regression analysis were used to estimate various factors affecting @entity7793 . RESULTS: @entity1 who experienced a high level of stress in daily life had a lower mean @entity7793 than @entity1 with a low stress level (50.17  3.7 and 50.58  3.5 years, respectively), with a statistically significant correlation (P<0.05). This correlation was still observed after adjusting for age, body mass index, menstrual regularity, and personal income (P<0.05 for variables). CONCLUSION: In Korean @entity1 between 40 and 70 years of age who are in natural menopause, there is a statistically significant correlation between stress level and @entity7793 . In particular, @entity1 who experience a high level of stress in daily life have reduced @entity7793 .

title: The Association between Stress Level in Daily Life and Age at Natural Menopause in Korean XXXX : Outcomes of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2010-2012.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity7793 :: ('MESH:D008594', 'Disease') :: ['at natural menopause', 'ANM']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: This study concerns the significance of aberrant (nuclear/cytoplasmic) expression of @entity3546 in @entity3017 ( @entity3017 ). On immunohistochemistry, all seven PBLs examined showed nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of @entity3546 , predominantly in the squamoid corpuscles (SCs). In areas with acinar/ductular differentiation, few @entity5 cells displayed nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of @entity3546 and more than half of the @entity5 cells showed membranous expression. Two out of five (40%) @entity5 examined showed missense mutations in codons 33 and 37 of exon 3 of the @entity3546 gene. No mutation of the @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ) gene was detected in two of the remaining three @entity5 . Amplifiable DNA for @entity1412 analysis was not obtained from the one other @entity5 . Immunoreactivity for @entity4910 , one of the nuclear targets of @entity3546 , was found predominantly in the SCs of the seven @entity5 . In contrast, the Ki-67 labelling index was 2-4% (median 3%) in the SCs and 8-18% (median 12%) in the other areas, indicating a negative correlation with nuclear @entity4910 reactivity. These results imply that in PBLs, nuclear/cytoplasmic accumulation of @entity3546 and overexpression of its target gene @entity4910 are not associated with the induction of @entity5 cell proliferation. Nuclear/cytoplasmic accumulation of @entity3546 may be related to the morphogenesis of the SCs that are considered most characteristic for @entity3017 .

title: Significance of aberrant (cytoplasmic/nuclear) expression of XXXX in @entity3017 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3017 :: ('MESH:C537162', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatoblastoma', 'PBL']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous polyposis coli', 'APC']

answer: @entity3546 :: (1499,Gene) :: ['beta-catenin']


abstract: This study concerns the significance of aberrant (nuclear/cytoplasmic) expression of @entity3546 in @entity3017 ( @entity3017 ). On immunohistochemistry, all seven PBLs examined showed nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of @entity3546 , predominantly in the squamoid corpuscles (SCs). In areas with acinar/ductular differentiation, few @entity5 cells displayed nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of @entity3546 and more than half of the @entity5 cells showed membranous expression. Two out of five (40%) @entity5 examined showed missense mutations in codons 33 and 37 of exon 3 of the @entity3546 gene. No mutation of the @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ) gene was detected in two of the remaining three @entity5 . Amplifiable DNA for @entity1412 analysis was not obtained from the one other @entity5 . Immunoreactivity for @entity4910 , one of the nuclear targets of @entity3546 , was found predominantly in the SCs of the seven @entity5 . In contrast, the Ki-67 labelling index was 2-4% (median 3%) in the SCs and 8-18% (median 12%) in the other areas, indicating a negative correlation with nuclear @entity4910 reactivity. These results imply that in PBLs, nuclear/cytoplasmic accumulation of @entity3546 and overexpression of its target gene @entity4910 are not associated with the induction of @entity5 cell proliferation. Nuclear/cytoplasmic accumulation of @entity3546 may be related to the morphogenesis of the SCs that are considered most characteristic for @entity3017 .

title: Significance of aberrant (cytoplasmic/nuclear) expression of @entity3546 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3017 :: (MESH:C537162,Disease) :: ['pancreatoblastoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Gene expression studies provide molecular insights improving the classification of @entity1 with high-grade @entity11 . We have developed a risk estimation strategy based on a combined analysis of gene expression data to search for robust biomarkers associated with outcome in these @entity5 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed a meta-analysis using 3 publicly available @entity11 microarray data sets (267 @entity1 ) to define the genes related to both @entity11 and @entity1 outcome. These biomarkers were used to construct a risk-score equation based on a Cox proportional hazards model on a subset of 144 @entity1 . External validations were performed on microarray data (59 @entity1 ) and on RT-qPCR data (194 @entity1 ). The risk-score model performances (discrimination and calibration) were evaluated and compared with that of clinical risk factors, @entity8724 promoter methylation status, and @entity818 mutational status. RESULTS: This interstudy cross-validation approach allowed the identification of a 4-gene signature highly correlated to survival ( @entity9318 , @entity72333 , @entity1627 , and @entity60665 ), from which an optimal survival model was built (P < 0.001 in training and validation sets). Multivariate analysis showed that the 4-gene risk score was strongly and independently associated with survival (hazard ratio = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.81; P = 0.007). Performance estimations indicated that this score added beyond standard clinical parameters and beyond both the @entity8724 methylation status and the @entity818 mutational status in terms of discrimination (C statistics, 0.827 versus 0.835; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The 4-gene signature provides an independent risk score strongly associated with outcome of @entity1 with high-grade @entity11 .

title: A 4-gene signature associated with clinical outcome in high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma malignancy', 'malignant gliomas', 'gliomas']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: A @entity1 with multiple @entity5880 associated with @entity884 is reported. A 45-year-old @entity1 was admitted on February 16, 2001 under the diagnosis of @entity884 . After alpha-streptococcus was identified by a blood culture, he was treated with high doses of antibiotics. However, 2 weeks after admission, he suddenly suffered from @entity10 and mild @entity1269 . A CT showed a parenchymal @entity1410 in the right parietal lobe. Cerebral angiography demonstrated @entity439 of the bilateral middle cerebral artery and the left posterior cerebral artery. At first, we trapped and resected the ruptured right @entity438 . After the surgery, we tried to treat two @entity439 by endovascular treatment. During the provocation test for the posterior cerebral artery, the arterial wall was perforated by a guide wire. The parent artery was occluded by coils at this site. Although the @entity439 was still filled by retrograde blood flow, it finally disappeared six months after treatment. The left @entity438 could not be treated because the provocation test showed @entity73 . The @entity1 recovered from @entity884 after four-months of antibiotic therapy; and the unruptured @entity439 had not changed in size for 11 months. Recently, the outcome of @entity1 with @entity438 is improved by development of multimodality management. Especially, endovascular therapy may become an effective treatment for @entity439 , but it is necessary to take risks, such as arterial perforation into consideration.

title: [A case of multiple mycotic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5880 :: ('MESH:D000785', 'Disease') :: ['mycotic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral aneurysm', 'intracranial mycotic aneurysm', 'middle cerebral artery aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['left hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm', 'unruptured aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine whether the investigational proteasome inhibitor @entity34680 demonstrated selective anti-neoplastic activity against @entity3052 cells expressing a mutated nucleophosmin-1 gene and to gain a better understanding of its mechanisms of action. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The cytotoxic effects of @entity34680 treatment were analyzed in @entity1 @entity3052 cell lines and primary @entity3052 samples expressing wild type or mutated @entity8102 (NPMc+). The potential roles of oxidative stress in mediating cytotoxic activity were determined using flow cytometry, enzyme-based assays, and western blots. RESULTS: Apoptosis induced by @entity34680 was abrogated by knock down of @entity8102 /NPMc+ expression using an inducible shRNA construct and enhanced by NPMc+ overexpression. @entity137 was associated with @entity224 generation and was reduced by the addition of the antioxidant @entity898 . @entity3052 cells expressing NPMc+ had significantly reduced levels of intracellular @entity2041 and @entity1110 associated with reduced antioxidant responses to drug treatment. Treatment of three @entity1 with relapsed @entity3052 resulted in an anti- @entity1778 effect in one @entity1 as demonstrated by a marked @entity1778 in the peripheral blood. Efficacy was associated with @entity224 generation, reduced @entity2041 levels, and reduced mRNA and protein expression of antioxidant effectors in responding cells. CONCLUSION: In this study a direct association was observed between NPMc+ expression in @entity3052 , reduced antioxidant responses, and enhanced sensitivity to an oral proteasome inhibitor that induces oxidative stress. These data suggest that intracellular determinants of antioxidant responses may be good predictors of therapeutic response to @entity34680 .

title: Selective toxicity of investigational @entity34680 for @entity1 XXXX cells expressing mutant cytoplasmic @entity8102 : Role of reactive oxygen species.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylcysteine']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['NPMc+ AML', 'acute myelogenous leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of leukemic blasts', 'leukemic']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine whether the investigational proteasome inhibitor @entity34680 demonstrated selective anti-neoplastic activity against @entity3052 cells expressing a mutated nucleophosmin-1 gene and to gain a better understanding of its mechanisms of action. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The cytotoxic effects of @entity34680 treatment were analyzed in @entity1 @entity3052 cell lines and primary @entity3052 samples expressing wild type or mutated @entity8102 (NPMc+). The potential roles of oxidative stress in mediating cytotoxic activity were determined using flow cytometry, enzyme-based assays, and western blots. RESULTS: Apoptosis induced by @entity34680 was abrogated by knock down of @entity8102 /NPMc+ expression using an inducible shRNA construct and enhanced by NPMc+ overexpression. @entity137 was associated with @entity224 generation and was reduced by the addition of the antioxidant @entity898 . @entity3052 cells expressing NPMc+ had significantly reduced levels of intracellular @entity2041 and @entity1110 associated with reduced antioxidant responses to drug treatment. Treatment of three @entity1 with relapsed @entity3052 resulted in an anti- @entity1778 effect in one @entity1 as demonstrated by a marked @entity1778 in the peripheral blood. Efficacy was associated with @entity224 generation, reduced @entity2041 levels, and reduced mRNA and protein expression of antioxidant effectors in responding cells. CONCLUSION: In this study a direct association was observed between NPMc+ expression in @entity3052 , reduced antioxidant responses, and enhanced sensitivity to an oral proteasome inhibitor that induces oxidative stress. These data suggest that intracellular determinants of antioxidant responses may be good predictors of therapeutic response to @entity34680 .

title: Selective toxicity of investigational @entity34680 for @entity1 @entity1778 cells expressing mutant cytoplasmic XXXX : Role of reactive oxygen species.

answer: @entity8102 :: (4869,Gene) :: ['NPM1']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine whether the investigational proteasome inhibitor @entity34680 demonstrated selective anti-neoplastic activity against @entity3052 cells expressing a mutated nucleophosmin-1 gene and to gain a better understanding of its mechanisms of action. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The cytotoxic effects of @entity34680 treatment were analyzed in @entity1 @entity3052 cell lines and primary @entity3052 samples expressing wild type or mutated @entity8102 (NPMc+). The potential roles of oxidative stress in mediating cytotoxic activity were determined using flow cytometry, enzyme-based assays, and western blots. RESULTS: Apoptosis induced by @entity34680 was abrogated by knock down of @entity8102 /NPMc+ expression using an inducible shRNA construct and enhanced by NPMc+ overexpression. @entity137 was associated with @entity224 generation and was reduced by the addition of the antioxidant @entity898 . @entity3052 cells expressing NPMc+ had significantly reduced levels of intracellular @entity2041 and @entity1110 associated with reduced antioxidant responses to drug treatment. Treatment of three @entity1 with relapsed @entity3052 resulted in an anti- @entity1778 effect in one @entity1 as demonstrated by a marked @entity1778 in the peripheral blood. Efficacy was associated with @entity224 generation, reduced @entity2041 levels, and reduced mRNA and protein expression of antioxidant effectors in responding cells. CONCLUSION: In this study a direct association was observed between NPMc+ expression in @entity3052 , reduced antioxidant responses, and enhanced sensitivity to an oral proteasome inhibitor that induces oxidative stress. These data suggest that intracellular determinants of antioxidant responses may be good predictors of therapeutic response to @entity34680 .

title: Selective toxicity of investigational XXXX for @entity1 @entity1778 cells expressing mutant cytoplasmic @entity8102 : Role of reactive oxygen species.

answer: @entity34680 :: (MESH:C548400,Chemical) :: ['ixazomib']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine whether the investigational proteasome inhibitor @entity34680 demonstrated selective anti-neoplastic activity against @entity3052 cells expressing a mutated nucleophosmin-1 gene and to gain a better understanding of its mechanisms of action. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The cytotoxic effects of @entity34680 treatment were analyzed in @entity1 @entity3052 cell lines and primary @entity3052 samples expressing wild type or mutated @entity8102 (NPMc+). The potential roles of oxidative stress in mediating cytotoxic activity were determined using flow cytometry, enzyme-based assays, and western blots. RESULTS: Apoptosis induced by @entity34680 was abrogated by knock down of @entity8102 /NPMc+ expression using an inducible shRNA construct and enhanced by NPMc+ overexpression. @entity137 was associated with @entity224 generation and was reduced by the addition of the antioxidant @entity898 . @entity3052 cells expressing NPMc+ had significantly reduced levels of intracellular @entity2041 and @entity1110 associated with reduced antioxidant responses to drug treatment. Treatment of three @entity1 with relapsed @entity3052 resulted in an anti- @entity1778 effect in one @entity1 as demonstrated by a marked @entity1778 in the peripheral blood. Efficacy was associated with @entity224 generation, reduced @entity2041 levels, and reduced mRNA and protein expression of antioxidant effectors in responding cells. CONCLUSION: In this study a direct association was observed between NPMc+ expression in @entity3052 , reduced antioxidant responses, and enhanced sensitivity to an oral proteasome inhibitor that induces oxidative stress. These data suggest that intracellular determinants of antioxidant responses may be good predictors of therapeutic response to @entity34680 .

title: Selective toxicity of investigational @entity34680 for XXXX @entity1778 cells expressing mutant cytoplasmic @entity8102 : Role of reactive oxygen species.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The visual evoked potential (VEP) record in response to a pattern stimulus is a non invasive and reliable method of detecting central and peripheral nerve system abnormalities. VEP recording have been used in animals with @entity879 , and also in- @entity1 with @entity99 and acute severe @entity99 . Our aims were: a. to evaluate the potency of PVEP in assessing @entity99 . b. to find the rate of pathologic PVEP in @entity1 with advanced liver @entity82 . VEP was recorded in 14 chronic liver cirrhotic @entity1 (6 alcoholic, 6 @entity3531 -related, 2 cryptogenic) and 14 controls. @entity1 with any @entity16 were excluded from the study. All @entity1 were subjected to the @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) test, and venous blood @entity3265 was measured on the same day of VEP recording. In 10/14 (71%) @entity1 some VEP recording abnormality was detected. In the cirrhotic @entity1 , @entity9508 latency was significantly longer (P < 0.05) than in controls. Low amplitude was observed in 8 @entity1 compared to controls. Marked increase of N75 (3 @entity1 ) and marked increase of N145 (2 @entity1 ) were observed. Mean blood ammonia and @entity1032 score were normal in all @entity1 . No correlation was found between both @entity1032 score and blood ammonia levels and the @entity9508 delay. Five out of 10 @entity1 with pathologic VEP developed hepatic encephalpathy during a follow-up of one year, compared to one out of 4 @entity1 with no pathology on VEP recording. VEP recording may be a valuable tool in assessing @entity1 with early @entity99 and in predicting @entity75 .

title: Early detection of XXXX by recording visual evoked potential (VEP).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['Mental State Score', 'MSS']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['fulminant hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy', 'hepatitis']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic encephalopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2650 has multifactorial causes and exhibits a high frequency among very low birth @entity1 . @entity2431 is hypothesized to be one cause of @entity2650 ; i.e., decreased @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) secretion caused by @entity2431 is suspected to result in abnormal male external genitalia, but there is little direct evidence to support this concept. AIMS AND METHODS: The aim of this study was to elucidate the features of @entity2650 and to clarify the @entity10552 caused by fetal growth restriction (FGR). STUDY DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: We reviewed the clinical data of @entity1 that underwent @entity2650 repair from 2005 through 2011 at Kyoto University Hospital by examining their case logs. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were included in this study. Fifteen (75%) of the subjects were preterm or low birth weight @entity1 . Thirteen (65%) @entity1 exhibited FGR, 60% of which displayed severe @entity2650 regardless of their gestational age. In addition, 92% of the FGR @entity1 also had other @entity790 , such as @entity246 , or @entity18272 . In contrast, only 14% and 43% of the non-FGR @entity1 had severe @entity2650 or @entity790 other than @entity2650 , respectively. Eight placental histopathological findings of FGR @entity1 were available and seven of which were suggestive of blood @entity450 such as @entity1188 . CONCLUSIONS: It was confirmed that @entity1 with FGR display a high incidence of @entity2650 . We found that FGR caused by @entity5028 , but not low birth weight, is a risk factor for severe @entity2650 associated with @entity790 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Fetal growth restriction but not preterm birth is a risk factor for severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'infants', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['Hypospadias', 'hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity246 :: ('MESH:D003456', 'Disease') :: ['cryptorchidism, bifid scrotum']

entities_list: @entity5028 :: ('MESH:D010922', 'Disease') :: ['placental dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['flow deficiency']

entities_list: @entity18272 :: ('MESH:C536649', 'Disease') :: ['micropenis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction and single umbilical artery']

entities_list: @entity10552 :: ('MESH:D005832', 'Disease') :: ['male genital abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['exhibited genital anomalies', 'genital anomalies', 'multiple genital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2431 :: ('MESH:D010927', 'Disease') :: ['placental insufficiency', 'Placental insufficiency']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['hypospadias']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Genetic parameters, genetic trends, and genetic progress of carcass traits were estimated for 12,447 Nellore individuals from different Brazilian herds. The following carcass traits were analyzed: visual body scores of conformation ( @entity72334 ), precocity (PREC), and muscularity (MUSC); rump width (RW) and rump length (RL), body size (frame); and ultrasound evaluation of ribeye area (REA), @entity121 ( @entity121 ), and @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ). Heritability estimates (   SE) for @entity72334 , PREC, and MUSC were 0.23    0.02, 0.33    0.03, and 0.31    0.02, respectively. The heritability estimates (   SE) for RW, RL, and frame were 0.25    0.05, 0.16    0.04, and 0.31    0.03, respectively. Ultrasound of the REA, @entity121 , and @entity1386 presented mean heritability estimates (   SE) of 0.38    0.03, 0.44    0.04, and 0.47    0.04, respectively. The visual body score of @entity72334 had high genetic correlations with RW, RL, and frame (0.74    0.09, 0.82    0.08, and 0.83    0.04, respectively), indicating a high association of @entity72334 with the measurements related to body structure. The REA had no correlation with @entity121 and @entity1386 (-0.09    0.04 and -0.03    0.04, respectively) and showed only a moderate genetic correlation with MUSC (0.39    0.05). The @entity121 and @entity1386 had moderate genetic correlations with PREC (0.36    0.07 and 0.29    0.07, respectively) and no correlation with frame (-0.02    0.03 and 0.05    0.05, respectively), suggesting that selection for frame had no effect on the subcutaneous fat content of the carcass. Low genetic trends and low genetic progress were obtained for REA (0.026 cm, 0.02%), @entity121 (0.0031 mm, 0.05%), and @entity1386 (0.0013 mm, 0.02%), with no significant values of genetic progress detected throughout the studied period. The @entity72334 , PREC, and MUSC presented high genetic trends (0.030 points, 0.030 points, and 0.029 points, respectively) and high genetic progress (0.60%, 0.56%, and 0.59%, respectively), indicating a significant genetic progress for these traits throughout the evaluated period. Carcass traits evaluated by ultrasound and visual body scores are eligible for selection and can be used in genetic improvement programs in Nellore @entity291 ; however, visual body score selection for carcass traits can result in slower genetic progress for carcass quality when compared to selection performed by ultrasound.

title: Visual body-scores selection and its influence on body size and ultrasound carcass traits in Nellore XXXX .

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['backfat thickness', 'BFT']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['rump fat thickness', 'RFT']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']


abstract: The renal cortical uptake kinetics of four aminoglycosides were studied in vivo. @entity801 , @entity5153 , @entity2890 or @entity4509 were administered to @entity35 by continuous infusion over 6 hr achieving constant serum levels ranging from 0.2 to 100 micrograms/ml. Renal cortical concentrations at the end of the infusion were plotted against the steady-state serum levels. Steady-state elevations of serum @entity801 and @entity5153 were associated with nonlinear increases in cortical levels, suggesting saturable uptake. Analysis of the data using Michaelis-Menten kinetics indicates that the apparent Km for @entity801 and @entity5153 were 15.01 and 23.84 micrograms/ml and Vmax 149.83 and 178.36 micrograms/g of cortex per hr, respectively. The "initial" rate of uptake (at serum levels below 15 micrograms/ml) was highest for @entity801 . The cortical uptake of @entity2890 was linearly related to elevations in serum levels [cortex concentration (conc) = 9.24 + 1.40 serum conc]. The initial rate of @entity2890 uptake was considerably lower than that for @entity801 and @entity5153 . For @entity4509 , the initial rate of uptake followed Michaelis Menten kinetics and the second phase of the titration curve was linear. The equation for total @entity4509 uptake was: cortex conc = 12.98 + 1.71 serum conc. Aminoglycosides exhibit differing kinetics for renal cortical uptake in the @entity35 during constant infusions. These results indicate that more than one mechanism probably mediates the uptake of each @entity4028 . Depending on which mechanism predominates, the kinetic pattern may be saturable, linear or mixed.

title: In vivo uptake kinetics of aminoglycosides in the kidney cortex of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin', 'Gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity5153 :: ('MESH:D009428', 'Chemical') :: ['netilmicin']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']