abstract: BACKGROUND: The Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA) showed that the addition of coronary artery @entity460 ( @entity7464 ) to traditional risk factors improves risk classification, particularly in intermediate risk asymptomatic @entity1 with LDL @entity165 levels <160 mg/dL. However, the cost-effectiveness of incorporating @entity7464 into treatment decision rules has yet to be clearly delineated. OBJECTIVE: To model the cost-effectiveness of @entity7464 for cardiovascular risk stratification in asymptomatic, intermediate risk @entity1 not taking a statin. Treatment based on @entity7464 was compared to (1) treatment of all intermediate-risk @entity1 , and (2) treatment on the basis of United States guidelines. METHODS: We developed a Markov model of first @entity301 ( @entity301 ) and @entity65 ( @entity65 ) events. We modeled statin treatment in intermediate risk @entity1 with @entity71327 and @entity7464 >= 100, with different intensities of statins based on the @entity7464 score. We compared these @entity7464 -based treatment strategies to a "treat all" strategy and to treatment according to the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) guidelines. Clinical and economic outcomes were modeled over both five- and ten-year time horizons. Outcomes consisted of @entity301 and @entity65 events and Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs). Sensitivity analyses considered the effect of higher event rates, different @entity7464 and statin costs, indirect costs, and re-scanning @entity1 with @entity700 . RESULTS: We project that it is both cost-saving and more effective to scan intermediate-risk @entity1 for @entity7464 and to treat those with @entity71327 , compared to treatment based on established risk-assessment guidelines. Treating @entity1 with @entity7464 >= 100 is also preferred to existing guidelines when we account for statin side effects and the disutility of statin use. CONCLUSION: Compared to the alternatives we assessed, @entity7464 testing is both effective and cost saving as a risk-stratification tool, particularly if there are adverse effects of long-term statin use. @entity7464 may enable providers to better tailor preventive therapy to @entity1 ' risks of @entity65 .

title: Cost-effectiveness of coronary artery @entity460 testing for coronary heart and @entity65 risk prediction to guide statin allocation: the Multi-Ethnic Study of XXXX (MESA).

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerosis']


abstract: AIMS: To determine the differential effects of genetic polymorphism in @entity4050 and @entity28250 on risk of @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ) between phakic vs. @entity735 . METHODS: 9,529 eyes of 4,918 @entity1 from the Singapore Malay Eye Study and Singapore Indian Eye Study were analyzed. @entity1 had detailed eye examinations, including slit-lamp examinations and dilated fundus photography. @entity1020 grading was performed according to the Wisconsin age-related @entity1020 grading system. Lens status was defined. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) @entity71328 ( @entity9346 ) within @entity4050 and @entity71329 in @entity28250 were assessed. The main outcome measure was early @entity1020 or any @entity1020 . RESULTS: No significant associations between the @entity4050 @entity9346 genotypes and early @entity1020 were found in phakic individuals. In contrast, among pseudophakic/aphakic individuals, the @entity4050 @entity9346 risk genotypes were significantly associated with higher odds of early @entity1020 , with an OR of 1.57 (95% CI: 1.07-2.29) for GA genotype and 2.40 (95% CI: 1.25-4.61) for AA genotype, compared to those with GG genotype. There was significant interaction between pseudophakic/aphakic status and @entity4050 @entity9346 variant on risk of early @entity1020 (p = 0.037), adjusting for age, gender, and the first 5 genetic principal components. No significant interaction was found between lens status and @entity28250 @entity71329 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4050 genetic polymorphism and pseudophakic/aphakic status may have a potential synergistic effect on early @entity1020 , suggesting roles for the complement system and related pathways in the pathogenesis of @entity1020 in eyes after @entity231 surgery.

title: Lens Status Influences the Association between XXXX Polymorphisms and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Findings from Two Population-Based Studies in Singapore.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['pseudophakic/aphakic eyes']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['maculopathy', 'AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

answer: @entity4050 :: (3075,Gene) :: ['CFH']


abstract: ADAMTSs are a family of secreted proteinases that share the metalloproteinase domain with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). By acting on a large panel of extracellular substrates, they control several cell functions such as fusion, adhesion, proliferation and migration. Through their thrombospondin motifs they also possess anti-angiogenic properties. We investigated whether ADAMTSs participate in @entity14 progression and invasion. Their expression was investigated at both mRNA and protein levels. Using RT-PCR, the expression of @entity17865 and @entity71330 was estimated in @entity14 of different @entity5 stage and anatomic site and 3 cell lines of different @entity146 . An overexpression of @entity55655 was observed, especially in tissue samples, whereas @entity71331 were found to be down-regulated. Western blot analysis further supported the RT-PCR findings, revealing in addition the degradation of @entity71331 in @entity5 . In situ expression and localization of @entity71332 was also investigated by immunohistochemical analysis. Our data suggest a positive correlation between @entity55655 expression and @entity5 progression, in contrast with the anti-angiogenic members of the family, @entity71331 , which were found to be down-regulated. Our findings support the notion that overexpression of @entity27369 and @entity3531 in @entity14 might be a possible invasive mechanism of @entity5 cells in order to degrade proteoglycans of ECM.

title: ADAMTS Expression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal tumors', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity and reliability of German Diagnosis Related Group administrative data to measure indicators of @entity1 safety in comparison to clinical records. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted using chart review (CR) as gold standard and screening of associated administrative data based on DRG coding. SETTING: Three German somatic acute care hospitals for adults. @entity1 : A total of 3000 cases treated between May and December, 2010. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Eight indicators were used to analyse the incidence of associated adverse events (AEs): pressure ulcers, @entity1212 , @entity1576 , @entity1150 , @entity55 , @entity810 , acute @entity583 and wound @entity281 . We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) and Cohen's Kappa with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Screening of administrative data identified 171 AEs and 456 were identified by CR. A number of 135 identical events were identified by both methods. Sensitivities for the detection of AEs using administrative data ranged from 6 to 100%. Specificities ranged from 99 to 100%. @entity2286 were 33 to 100% and reliabilities were 12 to 85%. CONCLUSIONS: Indicators based on German administrative data deviate widely from indicators based on clinical data. Therefore, hospitals should be cautious to use indicators based on administrative data for quality assurance. However, some might be useful for case findings and quality improvement. The precision of the evaluated indicators needs further development to detect AEs by the valid use of administrative data.

title: Are administrative data valid when measuring XXXX safety in hospitals? A comparison of data collection methods using a chart review and administrative data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1212 :: ('MESH:D055499', 'Disease') :: ['catheter-related infections']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['hospital-acquired pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thromboses']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain white matter is frequently affected in @entity2383 ; @entity1952 gene 1-autosomal dominant @entity1952 and @entity3054 are the most frequent mitochondrial monosymptomatic @entity1781 . In this observational study, brain white matter microstructure was characterized by DTI in @entity1 with @entity1952 gene 1-autosomal dominant @entity1952 and @entity3054 , in relation to clinical and genetic features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen @entity1 with @entity1952 gene 1-autosomal dominant @entity1952 and 17 with @entity3054 older than 18 years of age, all genetically diagnosed, and 19 healthy volunteers underwent DTI by using a 1.5T MR imaging scanner and neurologic and ophthalmologic assessments. Brain white matter DTI metrics were calculated for all @entity1 , and, in @entity1 , their correlations with genetics and clinical findings were calculated. RESULTS: Compared with controls, @entity1 with @entity1952 gene 1-autosomal dominant @entity1952 had an increased mean diffusivity in 29.2% of voxels analyzed within major white matter tracts distributed throughout the brain, while fractional anisotropy was reduced in 30.3% of voxels. For @entity1 with @entity3054 , the proportion of altered voxels was only 0.5% and 5.5%, respectively, of which half was found within the optic radiation and 3.5%, in the smaller acoustic radiation. In almost all regions, fractional anisotropy diminished with age in @entity1 with @entity1952 gene 1-autosomal dominant @entity1952 and correlated with average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in several areas. Mean diffusivity increased in those with a missense mutation. @entity1 with @entity3054 taking @entity4161 had slightly milder changes. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity3054 had preferential involvement of the optic and acoustic radiations, consistent with trans-synaptic degeneration, whereas @entity1 with @entity1952 gene 1-autosomal dominant @entity1952 presented with widespread involvement suggestive of a multisystemic, possibly a @entity245 . White matter changes in @entity3054 and @entity1952 gene 1-autosomal dominant @entity1952 may be exploitable as biomarkers.

title: Diffusion Tensor Imaging Mapping of Brain White Matter Pathology in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['congenital/developmental, disorder']

entities_list: @entity4161 :: ('MESH:C036619', 'Chemical') :: ['idebenone']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuropathies']

entities_list: @entity3054 :: ('MESH:D029242', 'Disease') :: ['Leber hereditary optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial diseases']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['Mitochondrial Optic Neuropathies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The vascular hypothesis of @entity15 ( @entity15 ), called chronic @entity4096 (CCSVI), and its treatment (known as liberation therapy) was immediately rejected by experts but enthusiastically gripped by @entity1 who shared their experiences with other @entity1 worldwide by use of social media, such as @entity1 online forums. Contradictions between scientific information and lay experiences may be a source of distress for @entity15 @entity1 , but we do not know how @entity1 perceive and deal with these contradictions. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to understand whether scientific and experiential knowledge were experienced as contradictory in @entity15 @entity1 online forums and, if so, how these contradictions were resolved and how @entity1 tried to reconcile the CCSVI debate with their own illness history and experience. METHODS: By using critical discourse analysis, we studied CCSVI-related posts in the @entity1 online forum of the German @entity15 Society in a chronological order from the first post mentioning CCSVI to the time point when saturation was reached. For that time period, a total of 117 CCSVI-related threads containing 1907 posts were identified. We analyzed the interaction and communication practices of and between individuals, looked for the relation between concrete subtopics to identify more abstract discourse strands, and tried to reveal discourse positions explaining how users took part in the CCSVI discussion. RESULTS: There was an emotionally charged debate about CCSVI which could be generalized to 2 discourse strands: (1) the "downfall of the professional knowledge providers" and (2) the "rise of the nonprofessional treasure trove of experience." The discourse strands indicated that the discussion moved away from the question whether scientific or experiential knowledge had more evidentiary value. Rather, the question whom to trust (ie, scientists, fellow sufferers, or no one at all) was of fundamental significance. Four discourse positions could be identified by arranging them into the dimensions "trust in evidence-based knowledge," "trust in experience-based knowledge," and "subjectivity" (ie, the emotional character of contributions manifested by the use of popular rhetoric that seemed to mask a deep personal involvement). CONCLUSIONS: By critical discourse analysis of the CCSVI discussion in a @entity1 online forum, we reconstruct a lay discourse about the evidentiary value of knowledge. We detected evidence criteria in this lay discourse that are different from those in the expert discourse. But we should be cautious to interpret this dissociation as a sign of an intellectual incapability to understand scientific evidence or a na  ve trust in experiential knowledge. Instead, it might be an indication of cognitive dissonance reduction to protect oneself against contradictory information.

title: Scientific Versus Experiential Evidence: Discourse Analysis of the Chronic @entity4096 Debate in a XXXX Forum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal venous insufficiency']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The vascular hypothesis of @entity15 ( @entity15 ), called chronic @entity4096 (CCSVI), and its treatment (known as liberation therapy) was immediately rejected by experts but enthusiastically gripped by @entity1 who shared their experiences with other @entity1 worldwide by use of social media, such as @entity1 online forums. Contradictions between scientific information and lay experiences may be a source of distress for @entity15 @entity1 , but we do not know how @entity1 perceive and deal with these contradictions. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to understand whether scientific and experiential knowledge were experienced as contradictory in @entity15 @entity1 online forums and, if so, how these contradictions were resolved and how @entity1 tried to reconcile the CCSVI debate with their own illness history and experience. METHODS: By using critical discourse analysis, we studied CCSVI-related posts in the @entity1 online forum of the German @entity15 Society in a chronological order from the first post mentioning CCSVI to the time point when saturation was reached. For that time period, a total of 117 CCSVI-related threads containing 1907 posts were identified. We analyzed the interaction and communication practices of and between individuals, looked for the relation between concrete subtopics to identify more abstract discourse strands, and tried to reveal discourse positions explaining how users took part in the CCSVI discussion. RESULTS: There was an emotionally charged debate about CCSVI which could be generalized to 2 discourse strands: (1) the "downfall of the professional knowledge providers" and (2) the "rise of the nonprofessional treasure trove of experience." The discourse strands indicated that the discussion moved away from the question whether scientific or experiential knowledge had more evidentiary value. Rather, the question whom to trust (ie, scientists, fellow sufferers, or no one at all) was of fundamental significance. Four discourse positions could be identified by arranging them into the dimensions "trust in evidence-based knowledge," "trust in experience-based knowledge," and "subjectivity" (ie, the emotional character of contributions manifested by the use of popular rhetoric that seemed to mask a deep personal involvement). CONCLUSIONS: By critical discourse analysis of the CCSVI discussion in a @entity1 online forum, we reconstruct a lay discourse about the evidentiary value of knowledge. We detected evidence criteria in this lay discourse that are different from those in the expert discourse. But we should be cautious to interpret this dissociation as a sign of an intellectual incapability to understand scientific evidence or a na  ve trust in experiential knowledge. Instead, it might be an indication of cognitive dissonance reduction to protect oneself against contradictory information.

title: Scientific Versus Experiential Evidence: Discourse Analysis of the Chronic XXXX Debate in a @entity15 Forum.

answer: @entity4096 :: (MESH:D014689,Disease) :: ['Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency']


abstract: Nanomedicine has recently emerged as a better option for the treatment of @entity66 . Here, we investigated the in vivo anticoccidial properties of @entity1947 nanoparticles (ZNPs). ZNPs were crystalline in nature, with a smooth and spherical surface and a diameter in the range of ~10-15 nm. The X-ray diffraction pattern was utilized to identify the crystalline property of the grown ZNPs, whereas field emission scanning electron microscopy was employed to check the size and morphology of the ZNPs. The data showed that @entity19 infected with Eimeria papillata produced 29.7*10(3)  1,500 oocysts/g feces on day 5 postinfection. This output was significantly decreased, to 12.5*10(3)  1,000 oocysts, in @entity19 treated with ZNPs. @entity281 also induced @entity32 and injury of the jejunum. This was evidenced (1) through an increase in the inflammatory histological score, (2) through increased production of @entity842 and @entity1234 , and (3) through a decrease in both the @entity2041 level and goblet cell number in @entity19 jejuna. All these @entity281 -induced parameters were significantly altered during treatment with ZNPs. Our results indicate, therefore, that ZNPs have protective effects against E. papillata-induced @entity7843 .

title: Anticoccidial and antioxidant activities of XXXX nanoparticles on Eimeria papillata-induced @entity281 in the jejunum.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['various diseases']

entities_list: @entity7843 :: ('MESH:D003048', 'Disease') :: ['coccidiosis']

entities_list: @entity1947 :: ('MESH:D015034', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc oxide']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'Infection']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity1947 :: (MESH:D015034,Chemical) :: ['zinc oxide']


abstract: Nanomedicine has recently emerged as a better option for the treatment of @entity66 . Here, we investigated the in vivo anticoccidial properties of @entity1947 nanoparticles (ZNPs). ZNPs were crystalline in nature, with a smooth and spherical surface and a diameter in the range of ~10-15 nm. The X-ray diffraction pattern was utilized to identify the crystalline property of the grown ZNPs, whereas field emission scanning electron microscopy was employed to check the size and morphology of the ZNPs. The data showed that @entity19 infected with Eimeria papillata produced 29.7*10(3)  1,500 oocysts/g feces on day 5 postinfection. This output was significantly decreased, to 12.5*10(3)  1,000 oocysts, in @entity19 treated with ZNPs. @entity281 also induced @entity32 and injury of the jejunum. This was evidenced (1) through an increase in the inflammatory histological score, (2) through increased production of @entity842 and @entity1234 , and (3) through a decrease in both the @entity2041 level and goblet cell number in @entity19 jejuna. All these @entity281 -induced parameters were significantly altered during treatment with ZNPs. Our results indicate, therefore, that ZNPs have protective effects against E. papillata-induced @entity7843 .

title: Anticoccidial and antioxidant activities of @entity1947 nanoparticles on Eimeria papillata-induced XXXX in the jejunum.

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The success of chemotherapy for Stage III @entity189 warranted its use as an adjuvant therapy for @entity5 . The current report reflects the adjuvant program begun at the University of Minnesota using four courses of @entity5713 , @entity1732 , and @entity900 (VBP) before the onset of the @entity5 Intergroup Study using two courses of chemotherapies. METHODS: A review of 78 @entity1 with Stage II nonseminomatous germ cell @entity5 treated between 1972 and 1986 defined three groups: 19 @entity1 treated between 1972 and 1979 with various adjuvant chemotherapies (termed "other"), 37 @entity1 treated from 1975 to 1986 with VBP adjuvant chemotherapy, and 21 @entity1 who received no therapy during the same era of VBP. The latter group was not offered adjuvant chemotherapy at other institutions or declined therapy. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 received adjuvant chemotherapy before the @entity900 era. Their survival rate was 42%, including two @entity1 treated with @entity900 -based chemotherapy for recurrence. In the group of 21 @entity1 who did not receive adjuvant therapy, 14 (66.7%) survived. Of these, five had no recurrence and nine were treated for recurrence. In a third group, adjuvant VBP therapy was given to 37 @entity1 , 32 of whom received four full courses. There have been no recurrences, and 36 (97.3%) remain alive; one @entity28 @entity1 with @entity101 died of a @entity1755 12.9 years after the retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Nodal involvement was more extensive in the VBP group. CONCLUSION: Four courses of VBP adjuvant chemotherapy for pathologic @entity5 resulted in a 100% cure rate, all @entity1 having been followed up for more than 6 years. Whether two courses are as adequate remains to be determined when long-term follow-up is reported.

title: Adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II nonseminomatous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Stage II cancer', 'Testicular Cancer', 'Stage II testicular cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['testicular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['germ cell cancer of the testis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skin @entity5 incidence is rising, placing a burden on healthcare systems worldwide. This problem may even be more extensive than expected, since registration of (pre) @entity5 of the skin is poor. OBJECTIVE: To provide insight into the numbers of (pre) @entity5 in @entity1 with @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) in 2 university and 2 general hospitals. METHODS: The types and numbers of previous @entity5 and of @entity5 during a two-year follow-up were collected from 574 @entity1 . RESULTS: Mean time between the first diagnosed (pre)malignancy and time of inclusion was 6.6 years. Overall, 60% had multiple types of (pre) @entity5 . In @entity1491 @entity1 , 61% had multiple BCCs, in @entity1 with @entity957 ( @entity957 ), 40% had multiple SCCs. The combination ' @entity1491 and @entity957 ' occurred in 10%, ' @entity1491 and AK' in 47%, ' @entity957 and AK' in 14%. CONCLUSION: High numbers of @entity1 with multiple (pre) @entity5 were found in this @entity1 population in university and general hospitals, which may well reflect the Dutch hospital population. We conclude that @entity1489 @entity1 are more extensively affected than was expected up till now. Consequently, the management of @entity1489 may be in need of adaptation in near future and the question arises whether dermatologists have the capacity for providing care for all these @entity1 .

title: Insight into the number of pre- @entity5 and XXXX of the skin in a hospital population in the Netherlands.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumours', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['actinic keratosis (AK) or basal cell carcinoma', 'BCC']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skin @entity5 incidence is rising, placing a burden on healthcare systems worldwide. This problem may even be more extensive than expected, since registration of (pre) @entity5 of the skin is poor. OBJECTIVE: To provide insight into the numbers of (pre) @entity5 in @entity1 with @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) in 2 university and 2 general hospitals. METHODS: The types and numbers of previous @entity5 and of @entity5 during a two-year follow-up were collected from 574 @entity1 . RESULTS: Mean time between the first diagnosed (pre)malignancy and time of inclusion was 6.6 years. Overall, 60% had multiple types of (pre) @entity5 . In @entity1491 @entity1 , 61% had multiple BCCs, in @entity1 with @entity957 ( @entity957 ), 40% had multiple SCCs. The combination ' @entity1491 and @entity957 ' occurred in 10%, ' @entity1491 and AK' in 47%, ' @entity957 and AK' in 14%. CONCLUSION: High numbers of @entity1 with multiple (pre) @entity5 were found in this @entity1 population in university and general hospitals, which may well reflect the Dutch hospital population. We conclude that @entity1489 @entity1 are more extensively affected than was expected up till now. Consequently, the management of @entity1489 may be in need of adaptation in near future and the question arises whether dermatologists have the capacity for providing care for all these @entity1 .

title: Insight into the number of pre- XXXX and @entity5 of the skin in a hospital population in the Netherlands.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancies']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity339 ( @entity339 ) ablation is an effective option in @entity1 undergoing ablation for persistent @entity955 ( @entity955 ). Achieving bidirectional conduction block across the @entity339 is challenging, and predictors of @entity339 ablation success remain incompletely understood. We sought to determine the impact of anatomical location of the ablation line on the efficacy of @entity339 ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 40 consecutive @entity1 (87% male; 54    10 years) undergoing stepwise @entity955 ablation were included. @entity339 ablation was performed in sinus rhythm. @entity339 ablation was performed from the left inferior PV to either the posterior (group 1) or the anterolateral (group 2) mitral annulus depending on randomization. The length of the @entity339 line (measured with the 3D mapping system) and the amplitude of the EGMs at 3 positions on the @entity339 were measured in each @entity1 . @entity616 was achieved in 14/19 (74%) @entity1 in group 1 and 15/21 (71%) @entity1 in group 2 (P = NS). Total @entity339 radiofrequency time (18    7  min vs. 17    8 min; P = NS) was similar between groups. @entity1 with incomplete @entity616 had a longer @entity339 length (34    6 mm vs. 24    5 mm; P < 0.001), a @entity162 along the @entity339 (1.75    0.74  mV vs. 1.05    0.69 mV; P < 0.01), and a longer history of continuous @entity955 (19    17 months vs. 10    10 months; P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, decreased length of the @entity339 was an independent predictor of successful @entity616 (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.1-2.1; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased length but not anatomical location of the @entity339 predicts failure to achieve bidirectional @entity616 during ablation of persistent @entity955 .

title: Length of the Mitral Isthmus But Not Anatomical Location of Ablation Line Predicts Bidirectional Mitral Isthmus Block in @entity1 Undergoing Catheter Ablation of Persistent XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['higher bipolar voltage']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['Mitral isthmus', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity339 ( @entity339 ) ablation is an effective option in @entity1 undergoing ablation for persistent @entity955 ( @entity955 ). Achieving bidirectional conduction block across the @entity339 is challenging, and predictors of @entity339 ablation success remain incompletely understood. We sought to determine the impact of anatomical location of the ablation line on the efficacy of @entity339 ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 40 consecutive @entity1 (87% male; 54    10 years) undergoing stepwise @entity955 ablation were included. @entity339 ablation was performed in sinus rhythm. @entity339 ablation was performed from the left inferior PV to either the posterior (group 1) or the anterolateral (group 2) mitral annulus depending on randomization. The length of the @entity339 line (measured with the 3D mapping system) and the amplitude of the EGMs at 3 positions on the @entity339 were measured in each @entity1 . @entity616 was achieved in 14/19 (74%) @entity1 in group 1 and 15/21 (71%) @entity1 in group 2 (P = NS). Total @entity339 radiofrequency time (18    7  min vs. 17    8 min; P = NS) was similar between groups. @entity1 with incomplete @entity616 had a longer @entity339 length (34    6 mm vs. 24    5 mm; P < 0.001), a @entity162 along the @entity339 (1.75    0.74  mV vs. 1.05    0.69 mV; P < 0.01), and a longer history of continuous @entity955 (19    17 months vs. 10    10 months; P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, decreased length of the @entity339 was an independent predictor of successful @entity616 (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.1-2.1; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased length but not anatomical location of the @entity339 predicts failure to achieve bidirectional @entity616 during ablation of persistent @entity955 .

title: Length of the Mitral Isthmus But Not Anatomical Location of Ablation Line Predicts Bidirectional Mitral Isthmus Block in XXXX Undergoing Catheter Ablation of Persistent @entity955 : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Learning and memory processes are known to be influenced by the action of @entity1063 (NE). The present study evaluated the influence of neonatal administration of the NE neurotoxin @entity25410 on sensory preconditioning (SPC) in 16- and 28-day-old @entity35 . @entity35 were subcutaneously administered 50 mg/kg @entity25410 or saline within 24 h after birth and tested at 16 or 28 days in two experiments. The results from Experiment 1 indicated that nondepleted 16-day-old @entity35 exhibited strong SPC, whereas this conditioning was disrupted by neonatal administration of @entity25410 . No SPC was seen in either neonatal treatment group at 28 days of age, confirming previous reports of an ontogenetic decline in SPC. In Experiment 2, no effects of @entity25410 were observed on first-order conditioning at either age. The brains of representative subjects were separated into forebrain, cerebellum, and brain stem samples and were analyzed to determine the extent of NE depletion. This analysis showed that @entity25410 produced a marked reduction in NE concentration in the forebrain, but not in the cerebellum or brain stem. The results of this study suggest a role for forebrain NE in SPC in preweanling @entity35 . This modulatory noradrenergic influence appears to be exerted on the formation of associations between two relatively neutral stimuli during the preexposure phase, given the absence of an effect of @entity25410 on primary conditioning.

title: Disruptive influence of XXXX depletion on sensory preconditioning, but not first-order conditioning, in preweanling @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity1063 :: (MESH:D009638,Chemical) :: ['norepinephrine']


abstract: Learning and memory processes are known to be influenced by the action of @entity1063 (NE). The present study evaluated the influence of neonatal administration of the NE neurotoxin @entity25410 on sensory preconditioning (SPC) in 16- and 28-day-old @entity35 . @entity35 were subcutaneously administered 50 mg/kg @entity25410 or saline within 24 h after birth and tested at 16 or 28 days in two experiments. The results from Experiment 1 indicated that nondepleted 16-day-old @entity35 exhibited strong SPC, whereas this conditioning was disrupted by neonatal administration of @entity25410 . No SPC was seen in either neonatal treatment group at 28 days of age, confirming previous reports of an ontogenetic decline in SPC. In Experiment 2, no effects of @entity25410 were observed on first-order conditioning at either age. The brains of representative subjects were separated into forebrain, cerebellum, and brain stem samples and were analyzed to determine the extent of NE depletion. This analysis showed that @entity25410 produced a marked reduction in NE concentration in the forebrain, but not in the cerebellum or brain stem. The results of this study suggest a role for forebrain NE in SPC in preweanling @entity35 . This modulatory noradrenergic influence appears to be exerted on the formation of associations between two relatively neutral stimuli during the preexposure phase, given the absence of an effect of @entity25410 on primary conditioning.

title: Disruptive influence of @entity1063 depletion on sensory preconditioning, but not first-order conditioning, in preweanling XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Although there have been no major breakthroughs in @entity2631 therapy, new treatments have been tested in @entity1 with @entity785 , including both interferon alfa and @entity379 . These biologic agents can reduce collagen synthesis, which is a rational target for @entity2631 therapy. Debate about the use of photopheresis continues, and it was suggested in a recent editorial that photopheresis is no better than @entity2361 in the treatment of @entity2631 and is more expensive. @entity205 appears to have frequent @entity8 when used to treat @entity2631 . Outcome measurements have been concentrated on in @entity2631 trials. Several types of @entity2631 classifications were compared, and the classification of diffuse and limited @entity2631 was strongly related to disease severity. Skin score was systematically compared with mapping the surface area of involved skin, and the skin score was found to be more reliable. A possible prognostic indicator in @entity2631 is high-resolution pulmonary computed tomography, which is sensitive in early detection of @entity2631 -associated @entity401 . Classification of @entity2407 into primary and secondary forms has been proposed, and further testing of the criteria and long-term follow-up is necessary to validate this classification. Over the past year, treatment of @entity2553 with @entity4770 analogues has been efficacious with iloprost but not with low-dose oral cicaprost. Tissue plasminogen activator is not beneficial in the treatment of @entity2407 . A report of radical microarteriolysis for the treatment of refractory @entity2407 seems promising, warranting further investigation.

title: Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2361 :: ('MESH:D010396', 'Chemical') :: ['D-penicillamine']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['prostacyclin']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon gamma']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We previously cloned a 1,3-specific lipase gene from the fungus Rhizomucor miehei and expressed it in methylotrophic @entity375 @entity10101 . The enzyme produced (termed RML) was able to catalyze methanolysis of @entity1460 oil and showed strong position specificity. However, the enzyme activity and amount of enzyme produced were not adequate for industrial application. Our goal in the present study was to improve the enzyme properties of RML in order to apply it for the conversion of microalgae oil to biofuel. RESULTS: Several new expression plasmids were constructed by adding the propeptide of the target gene, optimizing the signal peptide, and varying the number of target gene copies. Each plasmid was transformed separately into @entity10056 X-33. Screening by flask culture showed maximal (21.4-fold increased) enzyme activity for the recombinant strain with two copies of the target gene; the enzyme was termed Lipase GH2. The expressed protein with the propeptide (pRML) was a stable glycosylated protein, because of glycosylation sites in the propeptide. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed two major reasons for the increase in enzyme activity: (1) the modified recombinant expression system gave an increased transcription level of the target gene (rml), and (2) the enzyme was suitable for expression in host cells without causing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The modified enzyme had improved thermostability and @entity1042 or @entity1068 tolerance, and was applicable directly as free lipase (fermentation supernatant) in the catalytic esterification and transesterification reaction. After reaction for 24 hours at 30  C, the conversion rate of microalgae oil to biofuel was above 90%. CONCLUSIONS: Our experimental results show that signal peptide optimization in the expression plasmid, addition of the gene propeptide, and proper gene dosage significantly increased RML expression level and enhanced the enzymatic properties. The target enzyme was the major component of fermentation supernatant and was stable for over six months at 4  C. The modified free lipase is potentially applicable for industrial-scale conversion of microalgae oil to biodiesel.

title: Improved production of a recombinant Rhizomucor miehei lipase expressed in XXXX and its application for conversion of microalgae oil to biodiesel.

entities_list: @entity10101 :: ('644223', 'Species') :: ['Pichia pastoris strain GS115']

entities_list: @entity10056 :: ('4922', 'Species') :: ['P. pastoris strain']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

answer: @entity10056 :: (4922,Species) :: ['Pichia pastoris']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skull base @entity5 comprise many common @entity1313 . Treatment has advanced, allowing many survivors to return to work. However, literature is limited about the neuropsychological status of these @entity1 prior to treatment. Literature pertaining to the relationship between neuropsychological functioning and occupational ability prior to surgical intervention is even more limited. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the impact of neuropsychological function on work productivity in @entity1 with @entity5 prior to resection. METHODS: Neuropsychological function and work productivity were assessed in adults newly diagnosed with @entity5 (n = 45) prior to surgical intervention. Univariate analyses identified potential predictors of work limitations; variables with P < .10 were analyzed using multivariate regression analyses controlled for age, sex, @entity5 type, and education. RESULTS: Poorer @entity1032 (MF) and higher @entity308 ( @entity308 ) were significantly associated with poor time management at work (MF: b = -0.59, P = .01; @entity308 : b = 3.42, P < .01; R (2) = 0.54). Difficulty meeting physical work demands was significantly associated with poorer visuospatial ability (VA) and higher @entity308 (VA: b = -3.30, P = .05; @entity308 : b = 2.29, P < .01; R (2) = 0.29). Lower learning and memory scores (LM) and higher @entity308 were significantly associated with difficulty meeting mental-interpersonal work demands (LM: b = -3.39, P = .04; @entity308 : b = 3.25, P < .01; R (2) = 0.47) and overall health-related loss of work productivity (LM: b = -0.72, P = .05; @entity308 : b = 0.659, P < .001; R (2) = 0.43). CONCLUSION: Domains of neuropsychological function that predicted work productivity were identified. Future research should examine neuropsychological function, @entity308 , and work productivity across the care trajectory from diagnosis through long-term survivorship.

title: Work productivity and neuropsychological function in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental attention and flexibility']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['DS', 'depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['benign brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'skull base tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['skull base tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skull base @entity5 comprise many common @entity1313 . Treatment has advanced, allowing many survivors to return to work. However, literature is limited about the neuropsychological status of these @entity1 prior to treatment. Literature pertaining to the relationship between neuropsychological functioning and occupational ability prior to surgical intervention is even more limited. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the impact of neuropsychological function on work productivity in @entity1 with @entity5 prior to resection. METHODS: Neuropsychological function and work productivity were assessed in adults newly diagnosed with @entity5 (n = 45) prior to surgical intervention. Univariate analyses identified potential predictors of work limitations; variables with P < .10 were analyzed using multivariate regression analyses controlled for age, sex, @entity5 type, and education. RESULTS: Poorer @entity1032 (MF) and higher @entity308 ( @entity308 ) were significantly associated with poor time management at work (MF: b = -0.59, P = .01; @entity308 : b = 3.42, P < .01; R (2) = 0.54). Difficulty meeting physical work demands was significantly associated with poorer visuospatial ability (VA) and higher @entity308 (VA: b = -3.30, P = .05; @entity308 : b = 2.29, P < .01; R (2) = 0.29). Lower learning and memory scores (LM) and higher @entity308 were significantly associated with difficulty meeting mental-interpersonal work demands (LM: b = -3.39, P = .04; @entity308 : b = 3.25, P < .01; R (2) = 0.47) and overall health-related loss of work productivity (LM: b = -0.72, P = .05; @entity308 : b = 0.659, P < .001; R (2) = 0.43). CONCLUSION: Domains of neuropsychological function that predicted work productivity were identified. Future research should examine neuropsychological function, @entity308 , and work productivity across the care trajectory from diagnosis through long-term survivorship.

title: Work productivity and neuropsychological function in XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) in a kidney allograft is rare. We report the successful diagnosis and treatment of a de novo @entity1358 in a nonfunctioning kidney transplant 20 years after engraftment. A 54-year-old @entity1 received a kidney transplant from his mother when he was 34 years old. After 10 years, chronic rejection resulted in graft failure, and the @entity1 became hemodialysis-dependent. Intravenous contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for the evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms revealed a solid 13   mm @entity5 in the kidney graft. The @entity5 was confirmed on ultrasound examination. This @entity5 had not been detected on a surveillance noncontrast CT scan. Needle biopsy showed that the @entity5 was an @entity1358 . Allograft nephrectomy was performed. Pathological examination showed that the @entity5 was a Fuhrman Grade 2 @entity1358 . XY-fluorescence hybridization analysis of the @entity1358 showed that the @entity5 cells were of donor origin. One year after the surgery, the @entity1 is alive and has no evidence of @entity5 recurrence. Regardless of whether a kidney transplant is functioning, it should periodically be imaged for @entity1358 throughout the recipient's lifetime. In our experience, ultrasonography or CT with intravenous contrast is better than CT without contrast for the detection of @entity5 in a nonfunctioning kidney transplant.

title: De novo XXXX in a kidney allograft 20 years after transplant.

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['Renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Immunohistochemical methods have been used to determine the distribution of macroglia and myelin in the normal @entity35 superior colliculus (SC) and in grafts of fetal tectal tissue. The fetal tissue was derived from 15 day-old (E15) @entity35 embryos and was transplanted onto the midbrain of newborn host @entity35 of the same (PVG/c) strain. Antibodies to @entity40 ( @entity40 ) and @entity1250 ( @entity1250 ) were used to visualize astrocytes and oligodendroglia respectively. Myelin was immunostained with antibodies to either proteolipid protein ( @entity32041 ) or @entity8382 ( @entity8382 ). In the normal SC, @entity40 positive astrocytes were found scattered throughout the SC, particularly in the superficial layers. They were especially prominent at the pial surface, around major blood vessels and at the midline between the two colliculi. @entity1250 immunoreactive oligodendroglia and associated myelin were also found throughout the SC; by far the lowest density was seen in the stratum griseum superficiale (SGS). Both types of macroglia cell were found in abundance in tectal transplants, indicating that the precursors of these glial types were present in the E15 @entity35 mesencephalon. In mature grafts, large numbers of fibrous astrocytes were found throughout the neuropil and the level of @entity40 immunoreactivity was consistently greater than in host SC. Astrocytes seemed to be maintained in a reactive, perhaps immature state within the grafted tissue. Tectal transplants possessed large numbers of fully differentiated @entity1250 -positive oligodendroglia and the grafts contained a dense network of myelinated axons. However the distribution of @entity1250 and @entity32041 immunoreactivity was not homogeneous; there were localized, well-defined regions that contained few oligodendroglia and relatively little myelin. These areas stained intensely for @entity4833 ( @entity4833 ) and were almost certainly homologous to the SGS of normal SC. The relative lack of oligodendroglia in the @entity4833 stained patches in grafts and in SGS in situ suggests that local factors influencing the proliferation and distribution of oligodendroglia in normal SC may have been operating in a similar manner within the tectal transplant neuropil.

title: The distribution of astrocytes, oligodendroglia and myelin in normal and transplanted XXXX superior colliculus: an immunohistochemical study.

entities_list: @entity4833 :: ('83817(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['AChE', 'acetylcholinesterase']

entities_list: @entity1250 :: ('54231(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CAII', 'carbonic anhydrase II']

entities_list: @entity40 :: ('24387(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['GFAP', 'glial fibrillary acidic protein']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infarct size is an important surrogate end point for early and late mortality after @entity583 . Despite the high prevalence of @entity209 in @entity1 with @entity731 , adequate data are still lacking regarding the extent of @entity296 after @entity583 in these @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: In the present study we aimed to compare @entity583 size in @entity1 with @entity209 to those without @entity209 using peak CK-MB and @entity6949 ( @entity6949 ) at 72 hours after the onset of symptoms. @entity1 AND METHODS: One-hundred @entity1 with @entity209 (group I) and 100 control subjects without @entity209 (group II) who experienced @entity583 were included in the study. Diagnosis of @entity209 was based on the National @entity165 Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) guidelines published in 2001. @entity583 size was compared between the two groups of @entity1 using peak CK-MB and @entity6949 level in 72 hours after the onset of symptoms. RESULTS: Peak CK-MB and @entity6949 in 72 hours were found to be significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity209 compared with control subjects (both P < 0.001). @entity1 with @entity209 also had markedly higher wall motion abnormality at 72 hours after the onset of symptoms as assessed by echocardiographically-derived Wall Motion Score Index (WMSI) (P < 0.001). Moreover, statistically significant relationships were found between WMSI and peak CK-MB and also @entity6949 at 72 hours (Spearman's rho = 0.56, P < 0.001 and Spearman's rho = 0.5, P < 0.001; respectively). However, association between WMSI and left ventricular ejection fraction was insignificant (Spearman's rho = -0.05, P = 0.46). CONCLUSIONS: We showed that @entity1 with @entity209 have larger @entity1188 size compared to control subjects.

title: XXXX is Associated With Higher Wall Motion Score and Larger Infarct Size After Acute @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial necrosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic diseases']

entities_list: @entity6949 :: ('7137', 'Gene') :: ['cTnI', 'cardiac troponin I']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction', 'Myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['Metabolic Syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infarct size is an important surrogate end point for early and late mortality after @entity583 . Despite the high prevalence of @entity209 in @entity1 with @entity731 , adequate data are still lacking regarding the extent of @entity296 after @entity583 in these @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: In the present study we aimed to compare @entity583 size in @entity1 with @entity209 to those without @entity209 using peak CK-MB and @entity6949 ( @entity6949 ) at 72 hours after the onset of symptoms. @entity1 AND METHODS: One-hundred @entity1 with @entity209 (group I) and 100 control subjects without @entity209 (group II) who experienced @entity583 were included in the study. Diagnosis of @entity209 was based on the National @entity165 Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) guidelines published in 2001. @entity583 size was compared between the two groups of @entity1 using peak CK-MB and @entity6949 level in 72 hours after the onset of symptoms. RESULTS: Peak CK-MB and @entity6949 in 72 hours were found to be significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity209 compared with control subjects (both P < 0.001). @entity1 with @entity209 also had markedly higher wall motion abnormality at 72 hours after the onset of symptoms as assessed by echocardiographically-derived Wall Motion Score Index (WMSI) (P < 0.001). Moreover, statistically significant relationships were found between WMSI and peak CK-MB and also @entity6949 at 72 hours (Spearman's rho = 0.56, P < 0.001 and Spearman's rho = 0.5, P < 0.001; respectively). However, association between WMSI and left ventricular ejection fraction was insignificant (Spearman's rho = -0.05, P = 0.46). CONCLUSIONS: We showed that @entity1 with @entity209 have larger @entity1188 size compared to control subjects.

title: @entity209 is Associated With Higher Wall Motion Score and Larger Infarct Size After Acute XXXX .

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity453 ( @entity1585 ) is a localized or diffuse abnormal dilatation of coronary arteries. Controversy still remains about its cardiovascular events rate, prognosis, and etiology. Adverse effects of @entity1585 coinciding with @entity3979 ( @entity3979 ) (and in isolated form) are unclear. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular event rate of @entity1585 in comparison to ' @entity3979 only', and comparing their etiology. @entity1 AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 @entity1 between May 2011 and June 2012. Of them, 40 had @entity1585 ( @entity1585 ) and 160 had only @entity3979 (control group). @entity1 with @entity1585 were divided into 2 subgroups according to the absence (E1) or presence (E2) of @entity3979 . They were followed up for at least 6 month for cardiovascular events, including death, unstable @entity951 and @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Finally, we compared findings in @entity1585 , @entity3979 , and @entity6860 2 subgroups and evaluated the relationship between severity of @entity4122 (1-1.5 times, 1.5-2 times, and > 2 times) and @entity3979 . RESULTS: @entity101 ( @entity101 ), @entity2299 ( @entity2299 ), and male sex were matched in both groups without significant difference. Cigarette smoking (C/S) was significantly higher and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) was significantly lower in @entity1585 compared to @entity3979 @entity1 . A subgroup of @entity1585 @entity1 with @entity3979 (E2 subgroup) had significantly higher mortality rate than isolated @entity3979 (P = 0.043). @entity583 was seen in several @entity3491 @entity1 (E1) subgroup. Severity of @entity4122 showed no significant relationship with @entity3979 . CONCLUSIONS: Presence of @entity1585 in @entity1 with @entity3979 increases its cardiovascular event rate. Isolated @entity1585 is not a benign finding and @entity583 can occur. Risk factors of @entity1585 are similar to @entity3979 , but C/S is more associated with @entity1585 than @entity3979 . @entity6 is seen in @entity1585 @entity1 less than @entity3979 .

title: Comparison of outcomes of diseased XXXX , stenosis and combined.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension', 'HTN']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia', 'DLP']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3491 :: ('MESH:C580334', 'Disease') :: ['isolated CAE']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['CAS', 'coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1585 :: ('MESH:D065703', 'Disease') :: ['case group', 'CAE']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery ectasia']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary arteries ectasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The best treatment for scaphoid nonunion fractures is still controversial. The main aim of this study was to determine the results of the modified Matti-Russe method of surgery on scaphoid nonunion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective interventional study, 30 @entity1 with nonunion @entity174 recruited from clinics of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences between October 2007 and March 2011 underwent the modified Matti-Russe method of surgery. Union rate was evaluated four and six months after the procedure. @entity13316 ( @entity13316 ) was calculated for the subjects six months after surgery. RESULTS: Mean age of the subjects was 25.9    7.8 years, ranging from 16 to 35 years. Twenty-seven (90%) were @entity1 , and three (10%) were @entity1 . Four and six months after surgery, 10 (33%) and 26 (86.7%) subjects had a united @entity174 . Mean @entity13316 was 75.0    8.8 in all the subjects, ranging from 54 to 90 six months after surgery. Three subjects (10%) were grouped as excellent, 9 (30%) good, 16 (53.3%) satisfactory, and 3 (6.7%) poor. CONCLUSION: A @entity174 or nonunion of the scaphoid bone can be a complex and troubling injury, but the modified Matti-Russe method showed satisfactory results six months after surgery.

title: Scaphoid nonunion XXXX and results of the modified Matti-Russe technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity13316 :: ('MESH:D014954', 'Disease') :: ['Mayo wrist score', 'MWS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture', 'scaphoid fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Studies in animals have indicated that increased production of @entity842 from an inducible isoform of @entity842 synthase contributes to the pathophysiology of endotoxic and cytokine induced shock. The aim of this study was to determine the role of @entity842 in @entity326 in @entity1 . METHODS: The study was a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled investigation of the effects of the @entity842 synthase inhibitor @entity7293 ( @entity7293 ) in 12 @entity1 with severe @entity295 associated with @entity551 . Measurements of haemodynamic, haematological, and biochemical variables were made. RESULTS: @entity7293 (0.3 and 1 mg.kg-1) produced a dose dependent increase in mean arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, central venous pressure, and @entity432 , and a decrease in cardiac output and heart rate. In response to the highest dose of @entity7293 systemic vascular resistance increased from 547(SEM 92) to 889(143) dyne.s.cm-5, mean arterial blood pressure increased from 80.9(2.9) to 100.5(6.1) mm Hg, and cardiac output decreased from 11.2(2.1) to 8.9(1.9) litres. @entity1009 . Continuous infusion of @entity7293 (1 mg.kg-1 x h-1) produced sustained haemodynamic changes. Platelet numbers decreased during the course of the study in both the @entity7293 and the placebo group and did not differ significantly between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Low doses of @entity7293 cause a widespread increase in vascular tone and raise blood pressure in @entity1 with @entity326 . Overproduction of @entity842 appears to be an important mechanism in @entity326 in @entity1 , and inhibition of @entity842 synthesis might provide a novel therapeutic approach to this condition. However, @entity7293 produced a fall in cardiac output and it is possible that this would worsen tissue perfusion. Larger studies examining the effects of @entity7293 on mortality and morbidity are now required.

title: Effects of a XXXX synthase inhibitor in @entity1 with @entity326 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity7293 :: ('CHEBI:28229', 'Chemical') :: ['NG monomethyl-L-arginine', 'L-NMMA']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary artery occlusion pressure']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Studies in animals have indicated that increased production of @entity842 from an inducible isoform of @entity842 synthase contributes to the pathophysiology of endotoxic and cytokine induced shock. The aim of this study was to determine the role of @entity842 in @entity326 in @entity1 . METHODS: The study was a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled investigation of the effects of the @entity842 synthase inhibitor @entity7293 ( @entity7293 ) in 12 @entity1 with severe @entity295 associated with @entity551 . Measurements of haemodynamic, haematological, and biochemical variables were made. RESULTS: @entity7293 (0.3 and 1 mg.kg-1) produced a dose dependent increase in mean arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, central venous pressure, and @entity432 , and a decrease in cardiac output and heart rate. In response to the highest dose of @entity7293 systemic vascular resistance increased from 547(SEM 92) to 889(143) dyne.s.cm-5, mean arterial blood pressure increased from 80.9(2.9) to 100.5(6.1) mm Hg, and cardiac output decreased from 11.2(2.1) to 8.9(1.9) litres. @entity1009 . Continuous infusion of @entity7293 (1 mg.kg-1 x h-1) produced sustained haemodynamic changes. Platelet numbers decreased during the course of the study in both the @entity7293 and the placebo group and did not differ significantly between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Low doses of @entity7293 cause a widespread increase in vascular tone and raise blood pressure in @entity1 with @entity326 . Overproduction of @entity842 appears to be an important mechanism in @entity326 in @entity1 , and inhibition of @entity842 synthesis might provide a novel therapeutic approach to this condition. However, @entity7293 produced a fall in cardiac output and it is possible that this would worsen tissue perfusion. Larger studies examining the effects of @entity7293 on mortality and morbidity are now required.

title: Effects of a @entity842 synthase inhibitor in @entity1 with XXXX .

answer: @entity326 :: (MESH:D012772,Disease) :: ['septic shock']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Studies in animals have indicated that increased production of @entity842 from an inducible isoform of @entity842 synthase contributes to the pathophysiology of endotoxic and cytokine induced shock. The aim of this study was to determine the role of @entity842 in @entity326 in @entity1 . METHODS: The study was a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled investigation of the effects of the @entity842 synthase inhibitor @entity7293 ( @entity7293 ) in 12 @entity1 with severe @entity295 associated with @entity551 . Measurements of haemodynamic, haematological, and biochemical variables were made. RESULTS: @entity7293 (0.3 and 1 mg.kg-1) produced a dose dependent increase in mean arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, central venous pressure, and @entity432 , and a decrease in cardiac output and heart rate. In response to the highest dose of @entity7293 systemic vascular resistance increased from 547(SEM 92) to 889(143) dyne.s.cm-5, mean arterial blood pressure increased from 80.9(2.9) to 100.5(6.1) mm Hg, and cardiac output decreased from 11.2(2.1) to 8.9(1.9) litres. @entity1009 . Continuous infusion of @entity7293 (1 mg.kg-1 x h-1) produced sustained haemodynamic changes. Platelet numbers decreased during the course of the study in both the @entity7293 and the placebo group and did not differ significantly between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Low doses of @entity7293 cause a widespread increase in vascular tone and raise blood pressure in @entity1 with @entity326 . Overproduction of @entity842 appears to be an important mechanism in @entity326 in @entity1 , and inhibition of @entity842 synthesis might provide a novel therapeutic approach to this condition. However, @entity7293 produced a fall in cardiac output and it is possible that this would worsen tissue perfusion. Larger studies examining the effects of @entity7293 on mortality and morbidity are now required.

title: Effects of a @entity842 synthase inhibitor in XXXX with @entity326 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: Enriched progenitor cell fractions from @entity1 bone marrow were induced to undergo myeloid maturation in culture using recombinant @entity1 @entity2841 (rhGM-CSF). A negative selection method using the murine monoclonal antibodies (MABs) PM81 (anti- @entity5824 ), AML-2-23 (anti- @entity5750 ), PC251 (anti- @entity1116 ), OKT11 (anti- @entity3138 ), and SCCL-1 (anti- @entity8282 ) and immunomagnetic beads coated with sheep anti-mouse IgG (Dynal A.S., Oslo, Norway) was used to remove the more mature cellular components of mononuclear cells from normal donor bone marrow samples. The resulting fraction of cells contained 35 to 40% @entity2280 -positive cells, and less than 1% of cells expressed the receptors for the constant portion of immunoglobulin G @entity10685 or Fc gamma RII. A small population (3-5%) expressed @entity4071 on day 0, and these cells were found by two-color flow cytometry to be primarily natural killer (NK) cells. The level of Fc gamma R expression was determined every 2 to 3 days on aliquots of the differentiating cells. Thirteen percent of the cultured bone marrow cells expressed Fc gamma RII after 48 hours in liquid culture with rhIL-3 and rhGM-CSF. The percent of cells expressing Fc gamma RII increased to a peak of 78% of the gated population on day 10. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) remained low for the first 8 to 10 days of culture, but at that time the MFI more than doubled. @entity10685 and @entity4071 expression remained low throughout the culture period. The ability of the differentiating cells to perform @entity137 ( @entity137 ) was determined at a single-cell level in a modified plaque assay using monolayers of ox erythrocyte (oxE) target cells. The purified progenitor cells, when placed in oxE monolayers sensitized with polyclonal rabbit anti-oxE @entity465 ( @entity465 ), showed no plaque formation over control oxE layers. No increase in ability to generate cytolytic plaques in @entity465 -sensitized oxE layers was seen compared with unsensitized oxE layers until after 10 days of incubation in liquid culture. At that time, the percent of cells forming plaques in the @entity465 -sensitized oxE layers was 34.4 +/- 10.7% (average +/- standard error of the mean [SEM]; n = 4) compared with 10.0 +/- 0.7% on the control oxE layers. The peak plaque formation appeared to coincide with the increase in MFI of a large population of the cultured cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The effect of recombinant @entity1 interleukin-3 and recombinant @entity1 granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on Fc gamma receptor expression and XXXX of hematopoietic progenitor cells during in vitro myeloid maturation.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['ADCC', 'antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity']


abstract: Enriched progenitor cell fractions from @entity1 bone marrow were induced to undergo myeloid maturation in culture using recombinant @entity1 @entity2841 (rhGM-CSF). A negative selection method using the murine monoclonal antibodies (MABs) PM81 (anti- @entity5824 ), AML-2-23 (anti- @entity5750 ), PC251 (anti- @entity1116 ), OKT11 (anti- @entity3138 ), and SCCL-1 (anti- @entity8282 ) and immunomagnetic beads coated with sheep anti-mouse IgG (Dynal A.S., Oslo, Norway) was used to remove the more mature cellular components of mononuclear cells from normal donor bone marrow samples. The resulting fraction of cells contained 35 to 40% @entity2280 -positive cells, and less than 1% of cells expressed the receptors for the constant portion of immunoglobulin G @entity10685 or Fc gamma RII. A small population (3-5%) expressed @entity4071 on day 0, and these cells were found by two-color flow cytometry to be primarily natural killer (NK) cells. The level of Fc gamma R expression was determined every 2 to 3 days on aliquots of the differentiating cells. Thirteen percent of the cultured bone marrow cells expressed Fc gamma RII after 48 hours in liquid culture with rhIL-3 and rhGM-CSF. The percent of cells expressing Fc gamma RII increased to a peak of 78% of the gated population on day 10. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) remained low for the first 8 to 10 days of culture, but at that time the MFI more than doubled. @entity10685 and @entity4071 expression remained low throughout the culture period. The ability of the differentiating cells to perform @entity137 ( @entity137 ) was determined at a single-cell level in a modified plaque assay using monolayers of ox erythrocyte (oxE) target cells. The purified progenitor cells, when placed in oxE monolayers sensitized with polyclonal rabbit anti-oxE @entity465 ( @entity465 ), showed no plaque formation over control oxE layers. No increase in ability to generate cytolytic plaques in @entity465 -sensitized oxE layers was seen compared with unsensitized oxE layers until after 10 days of incubation in liquid culture. At that time, the percent of cells forming plaques in the @entity465 -sensitized oxE layers was 34.4 +/- 10.7% (average +/- standard error of the mean [SEM]; n = 4) compared with 10.0 +/- 0.7% on the control oxE layers. The peak plaque formation appeared to coincide with the increase in MFI of a large population of the cultured cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The effect of recombinant XXXX interleukin-3 and recombinant @entity1 granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on Fc gamma receptor expression and @entity137 of hematopoietic progenitor cells during in vitro myeloid maturation.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Enriched progenitor cell fractions from @entity1 bone marrow were induced to undergo myeloid maturation in culture using recombinant @entity1 @entity2841 (rhGM-CSF). A negative selection method using the murine monoclonal antibodies (MABs) PM81 (anti- @entity5824 ), AML-2-23 (anti- @entity5750 ), PC251 (anti- @entity1116 ), OKT11 (anti- @entity3138 ), and SCCL-1 (anti- @entity8282 ) and immunomagnetic beads coated with sheep anti-mouse IgG (Dynal A.S., Oslo, Norway) was used to remove the more mature cellular components of mononuclear cells from normal donor bone marrow samples. The resulting fraction of cells contained 35 to 40% @entity2280 -positive cells, and less than 1% of cells expressed the receptors for the constant portion of immunoglobulin G @entity10685 or Fc gamma RII. A small population (3-5%) expressed @entity4071 on day 0, and these cells were found by two-color flow cytometry to be primarily natural killer (NK) cells. The level of Fc gamma R expression was determined every 2 to 3 days on aliquots of the differentiating cells. Thirteen percent of the cultured bone marrow cells expressed Fc gamma RII after 48 hours in liquid culture with rhIL-3 and rhGM-CSF. The percent of cells expressing Fc gamma RII increased to a peak of 78% of the gated population on day 10. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) remained low for the first 8 to 10 days of culture, but at that time the MFI more than doubled. @entity10685 and @entity4071 expression remained low throughout the culture period. The ability of the differentiating cells to perform @entity137 ( @entity137 ) was determined at a single-cell level in a modified plaque assay using monolayers of ox erythrocyte (oxE) target cells. The purified progenitor cells, when placed in oxE monolayers sensitized with polyclonal rabbit anti-oxE @entity465 ( @entity465 ), showed no plaque formation over control oxE layers. No increase in ability to generate cytolytic plaques in @entity465 -sensitized oxE layers was seen compared with unsensitized oxE layers until after 10 days of incubation in liquid culture. At that time, the percent of cells forming plaques in the @entity465 -sensitized oxE layers was 34.4 +/- 10.7% (average +/- standard error of the mean [SEM]; n = 4) compared with 10.0 +/- 0.7% on the control oxE layers. The peak plaque formation appeared to coincide with the increase in MFI of a large population of the cultured cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The effect of recombinant @entity1 interleukin-3 and recombinant XXXX granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on Fc gamma receptor expression and @entity137 of hematopoietic progenitor cells during in vitro myeloid maturation.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Background: @entity14275 testing is being used extensively in countries with a high burden of @entity1906 . However recent evidence suggests that it may not have the same accuracy or impact in high-income, low-burden @entity1906 countries. Methods: A prospective, pragmatic study was done between March 2012 and March 2014 to determine the feasibility, test accuracy, and impact on @entity1906 disease management provided by the Xpert test in a remote, medically underserved, predominantly Inuit population in Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada. Main Results: A total of 453 Xpert tests were run on sputum samples from 344 @entity1 with suspected @entity1906 . Twenty seven @entity1 were identified as having active @entity1906 disease by culture. There were no cases of drug resistant @entity1906 . Using culture as the gold standard, one Xpert test compared to 1,2 or 3 sputum samples cultured per @entity1 , had a sensitivity of 85% (66-95, CI 95%) and a specificity = 99% (97-100, CI 95%) for detection of MTB. The indeterminate rate was 4.4% of all samples run. Treatment initiation was significantly shortened using Xpert versus the national standard of three smears (1.8 vs 7.7 days, p <0.007), and particularly shorter in smear-negative, culture-positive cases (1.8 vs 37.1 days, p value< 0.008). Conclusions: In a predominantly Inuit population in a remote region of Canada where the burden of @entity1906 is high and no @entity1906 testing facilities are available, on-site Xpert was feasible, accurate and shortened time to @entity1906 treatment initiation.

title: The feasibility, accuracy and impact of XXXX testing in a remote Aboriginal community in Canada.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

answer: @entity14275 :: (54509,Gene) :: ['Xpert MTB/RIF']


abstract: PURPOSE: We report a prospective randomized study comparing the relative efficacy of alternating chemotherapy @entity3700 , @entity1891 , @entity4174 , and @entity229 / @entity632 , @entity1732 , @entity5713 , and @entity2699 (MOPP/ABVD) with the standard MOPP chemotherapy in @entity1 with stage IIIB and IV @entity978 ( @entity978 ). The purpose is to study the influence of time of remission on clinical outcome. @entity1 AND METHODS: After two courses of MOPP, @entity1 were randomized to receive six further courses of MOPP, or two courses of ABVD followed by two courses of MOPP and two courses of ABVD. Radiotherapy was given to areas presenting with masses > or = 5 cm and to residual masses after course no. 4. Evaluation of response (complete remission [CR]) took place after two courses ( @entity10911 ), after four courses ( @entity22979 ), at the end of chemotherapy (CR8), and after additional radiotherapy (CR(CT + RT)). Logistic regression analysis was used to study prognostic factors for response at the end of chemotherapy. Cox analysis was used to study prognostic factors for survival. Two hundred seven @entity1 were registered, 192 (93%) of whom were randomized. RESULTS: The CR rate at the end of chemotherapy (CR8) was similar in both arms (57% v 59%). However, there were more progressions in the MOPP arm compared with the MOPP/ABVD arm (23% v 8%, P = .014). A significantly higher failure-free survival (FFS) rate was found in the MOPP/ABVD arm (60% v 43% at 6 years, P = .025). There was no difference in the @entity4557 ( @entity4557 ) or survival rate. Of @entity1 not in @entity22979 , only 28% still reached a CR8. @entity4557 at 6 years of @entity1 with @entity22979 (69%) was not different from that of @entity1 with CR8 (68%); @entity1 with a CR(CT + RT)) had a lower @entity4557 rate (48%). @entity22979 (P < .001) predicted strongly for final remission at the end of chemotherapy. Cox analysis showed that age more than 50 years, six or more involved lymph node areas, no CR by the fourth cycle, chemotherapy with MOPP alone, and no radiotherapy were unfavorable factors for survival. CONCLUSION: MOPP/ABVD chemotherapy significantly improved response and FFS rates, but had no influence on @entity4557 and survival rates. Early CR ( @entity22979 ) is an important factor for final remission and might be used to select a group of @entity1 with a good prognosis.

title: A randomized study in stage IIIB and IV XXXX comparing eight courses of MOPP versus an alteration of MOPP with ABVD: a European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lymphoma Cooperative Group and Groupe Pierre-et-Marie-Curie controlled clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity4174 :: ('MESH:D011344', 'Chemical') :: ['procarbazine']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['RFS', 'relapse-free survival']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity3700 :: ('MESH:D008466', 'Chemical') :: ['mechlorethamine']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Psoriasis is clinically heterogeneous, and symptoms can vary from mild almost cosmetic symptoms to severe disease requiring systemic therapy. Biomarkers predicting disease development are lacking. Herein we explored the genetic background in two polarized cohorts of carefully phenotyped @entity1 with long-term follow-up: consistent mild phenotype (n=696) and severe disease course requiring systemic therapy (n=715). All @entity1 were treated at the same dermatology department ensuring homogenous assessment. Genotyping included known @entity1569 -associated variants, with special focus on the @entity4452 and NF-kB pathways. A case-case study comparing severe and mild @entity1569 phenotypes, controlling for age at disease onset and gender, revealed significant differences between the two groups for SNPs in @entity14283 , @entity2451 , @entity15787 , @entity18068 , @entity23973 and @entity4452 . @entity18698 *06 associated equally in the mild and severe disease cohorts. Strong additive effects when combining @entity18698 *06 with @entity4452 , @entity14283 , @entity18068 , @entity2451 or @entity32280 were restricted to the severe cohort, indicating that activation of these pathways may influence disease severity in @entity1569 . No protective gene was identified in the mild cohort, suggesting that current screens have primarily identified @entity1569 variants associated with a more severe phenotype. These results demonstrate the importance of careful phenotyping and long-term clinical follow-up in genetic studies.

title: Association with Genetic Variants in the XXXX and NF-kB Pathways Discriminates between Mild and Severe Psoriasis Skin Disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

answer: @entity4452 :: (51561,Gene) :: ['IL-23']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the dose to heart, left anterior descending (LAD) artery and lung between proton and photon beam irradiation for left-sided early stage @entity0 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten @entity1 with early stage left-sided @entity0 were treated with breast conserving surgery and radiation. Whole breast radiation was delivered for actual treatment via a tangential technique with deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) utilizing inverse planned intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Each @entity1 was replanned on an Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved prospective study using en face proton beam radiation with both uniform scanning (US) and @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ) techniques. RESULTS: Both @entity4653 (0.011 Gy) and US (0.009 Gy) proton plans resulted in a significantly lower mean heart dose compared to IMRT (1.612 Gy) (p < 0.05 for @entity4653 vs. IMRT and US vs. IMRT). The Dmean, Dmin, Dmax, and D0.2cm(3) of the LAD with either proton technique were significantly lower (p = 0.005) compared to IMRT. Both US and @entity4653 reduced the mean dose to the lungs compared to IMRT. The coverage of the breast planning target volume was comparable between photon and proton plans. CONCLUSIONS: The dose to whole heart was relatively low in this study of @entity1 treated under conditions of DIBH. However, proton beam radiation was associated with lower minimum, maximum, and dose to 0.2 cm(3) of the LAD, which is the critical structure for late radiation therapy effects, compared to even the most optimized photon beam plan with DIBH and IMRT.

title: Proton beam versus photon beam dose to the heart and left anterior descending artery for left-sided XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['pencil beam scanning', 'PBS']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Iloprost is a synthetic stable analogue of prostacyclin (PGI2), which shares its antiaggregating and vasodilating properties. Iloprost has been administered by i.v. route to @entity1 with @entity4218 ( @entity4218 ) of different origin (maximal dosage: 2 ng/kg/min 6 hours/day infusion for 14-28 days). In @entity1 with claudicatio intermittens (Fontaine stage II) iloprost improved the time to @entity613 and the maximal walking distance on treadmill, with an effect still lasting 60 days after suspension. This benefit was not related to a significant improvement in blood flow. Five multicentric, perspective, randomized versus placebo studies in @entity1 with more severe @entity4218 (Fontaine stage III-IV) susceptible to surgical treatment, showed that iloprost was able to reduce @entity158 and @entity1066 dimensions. Furthermore, tha amputation rate of the @entity63 limb was significantly lower in @entity1 treated with iloprost during a 6 month follow-up (p < 0.01). Iloprost was also more effective than @entity117 in causing @entity158 relief and @entity1066 in @entity1 with @entity2119 and more effective than @entity594 in reducing frequency, intensity and duration of @entity63 episodes in @entity1 with @entity2407 . Minor side effects of iloprost administration are represented by facial @entity1671 , @entity591 , @entity10 , @entity390 , @entity391 , abdominal cramping, @entity294 , whose frequency ranges from 16% to 70%; major collateral effects, occurring in less than 5% of @entity1 , are above all represented by severe @entity551 and @entity951 . Clinical data indicate therefore that iloprost treatment can allow to improve the clinical conditions and the prognosis in @entity1 with critical @entity63 of the limbs, not candidate to surgical revascularization, by causing a relief of @entity158 , a reduction in @entity1066 dimensions and deferring amputation.

title: [The role of iloprost in the treatment of critical XXXX of the limbs].

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer healing', 'ulcer']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['CLI', 'critical limb ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['claudication']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity2119 :: ('MESH:D013919', 'Disease') :: ['thromboangiitis obliterans']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by diminished endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) function and @entity450 ( @entity450 ), is a clinically significant feature of @entity712 ( @entity712 ). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have pro-angiogenic properties, have the potential to restore endothelial function. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that MSCs increase EPC function and restore @entity450 ( @entity450 ). METHODS: Idiopathic dilated and @entity296 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive autologous (n  =  7) or allogeneic (n  =  15) MSCs. We assessed EPC-colony forming units (EPC-CFUs), @entity450 , and circulating levels of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in @entity1 before and three months after MSC transendocardial injection (n  =  22) and in healthy controls (n  =  10). FINDINGS: EPC-colony forming units (CFUs) were markedly reduced in @entity712 compared to healthy controls (4      3 vs. 25      16  CFUs, P  <  0.0001). Similarly, @entity450 % was impaired in @entity712 (5.6      3.2% vs. 9.0      3.3%, P  =  0.01). Allogeneic, but not autologous, MSCs improved endothelial function three months after treatment (  10      5 vs.   1      3  CFUs, P  =  0.0067;   3.7      3% vs.   -0.46      3% @entity450 , P  =  0.005). @entity1 who received allogeneic MSCs had a reduction in serum @entity7 levels three months after treatment, while @entity1 who received autologous MSCs had an increase (P  =  0.0012), and these changes correlated with the change in EPC-CFUs (P  <  0.0001). Lastly, @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with impaired vasculogenesis due to pharmacologic @entity842 synthase inhibition, were rescued by allogeneic MSC conditioned medium (P  =  0.006). INTERPRETATION: These findings reveal a novel mechanism whereby allogeneic, but not autologous, MSC administration results in the proliferation of functional EPCs and improvement in vascular reactivity, which in turn restores endothelial function towards normal in @entity1 with @entity712 . These findings have significant clinical and biological implications for the use of MSCs in @entity712 and other disorders associated with @entity409 .

title: Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Restore Endothelial Function in XXXX by Stimulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['flow-mediated vasodilation', 'FMD']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: The modification of implant surfaces could affect mechanical implant stability as well as dynamics and quality of peri-implant bone healing. The aim of this 3-month experimental study in @entity235 was to investigate implant stability, marginal bone levels and bone tissue response to @entity10678 dental implants with two laser-micro-grooved intraosseous surfaces in comparison with nongrooved sandblasted zirconia and sandblasted, high-temperature etched @entity702 implants. METHODS: Implant surface characterization was performed using optical interferometric profilometty and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. A total of 96 implants (4 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length) were inserted randomly in both sides of the lower jaw of 12 Fox Hound @entity235 divided into groups of 24 each: the control ( @entity702 ), the group A (sandblasted zirconia), the group B (sandolasted zirconia plus microgrooved neck) and the group C (sandblasted zirconia plus all microgrooved). All the implants were immediately loaded. Insertion torque, periotest values, radiographic crestal bone level and removal torque were recorded during the 3-month follow-up. Qualitative @entity4653 ( @entity4653 ) analysis of the bone-implant interfaces of each group was performed. RESULTS: Insertion torque values were higher in the group C and control implants (p < 0.05). Periotest values increased in all the periods in proportion to the extent of microgrooving as follows: the group C > the control > the group B > the group A (p < 0.05). Radiographic measurements showed minimal @entity604 at 3 months for microgrooved zirconia implants (groups C and B) and control implants compared with the group A implants (p < 0.05). The removal torque values increased with time for all the groups as follows: the group C > the control > the group B > the group A (p < 0.05). @entity4653 showed that implant surfaces of the groups B and C had an extra bone growth inside the microgrooves that corresponded to the shape and direction of the microgrooves. CONCLUSION: The addition of microgrooves to the entire intraosseous surface of zirconia dental implants enhances primary and secondary implant stability, promotes bone tissue ingrowth and preserves crestal bone levels.

title: Implant stability and marginal bone level of microgrooved zirconia dental implants: A 3-month experimental study on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['crestal bone loss']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'scanning electon microscope']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: The projections of galanin (GAL)- and vasoactive intestinal peptide ( @entity3549 )-immunoreactive (IR) and @entity842 synthase (NOS)-containing neurons in the small and large intestines of the amphibian Bufo marinus were investigated by their reactions to surgical interruption (myotomy). In the small intestine, myotomy caused accumulation of GAL- and @entity3549 -IR and of @entity1110 diaphorase reaction product (revealing NOS) in cut axons on the oral side of the operation site. On the anal side there was loss of GAL-IR axons from the circular muscle and myenteric plexus and long, anally directed processes could be traced from GAL-IR nerve cell bodies. There was no significant loss of @entity3549 -IR or @entity1110 diaphorase from nerve fibres in the myenteric plexus or circular muscle layer, although anally-directed axons could be traced from nerve cell bodies on the anal side of the operation sites. In the large intestine, myotomy caused accumulation of @entity3549 -IR and of @entity1110 diaphorase reaction product in cut axons on the oral side of the operation site. Anal to the cut, although there was no significant loss of these fibres from the muscle or myenteric plexus, anally directed axons could be traced from nerve cell bodies. GAL-IR fibres in the large intestine are of two types: a few contain GAL-IR alone and are thought to arise from enteric neurons; many contain both GAL- and SOM-IR and are thought to arise from nerve cell bodies in the hindgut. Myotomy caused an accumulation of GAL/SOM-IR material in fibres on the anal side of the cut and a substantial decrease in the number of fibres on the oral side. There was no detectable effect of myotomy on the GAL-IR fibres, although an abnormally high density of GAL-IR nerve cell bodies was found oral to the cut. These results indicate that @entity3549 -IR and NOS-containing enteric neurons project in an oral to anal direction in the toad small and large intestines. Some of the neurons have short anal projections to the circular muscle. GAL-IR enteric neurons have similar projections in the small intestine, but their projections could not be determined in the large intestine. @entity19447 /SOM-IR axons in the large intestine project from anal to oral. Myotomy in the large intestine appears to induce an increased or de novo expression of GAL-IR in enteric neurons oral to the cut.

title: Projections of XXXX synthase- and peptide-containing neurons in the small and large intestines of the toad (Bufo marinus).

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16 ( @entity16 ) can frequently and significantly affect morbidity and mortality of liver transplant (LT) recipients. AIMS: We analysed incidence, risk factors, outcome and impact of the immunosuppressive therapy on NC development after LT. METHODS: We analyzed 478 LT in 440 @entity1 , 93 (19.5%) were followed by @entity16 . RESULTS: The average LOS was longer in @entity1 experiencing @entity16 . The 1-, 3- and 5-year graft and @entity1 survival was similar in @entity1 with or without a NC. Multivariate analysis showed the following as independent risk factors for NC: a MELD-score>= 20 (OR=1.934 CI=1.186-3.153) and an immunosuppressive regimen based on calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) (OR=1.669 CI=1.009-2.760). Among @entity1 receiving an @entity2239 -based immunosuppression the 7.1% developed @entity16 , versus the 16.9% in those receiving a CNI(p=0.039). There was a 1-, 3- and 5-year NC-free survival of 81.7%, 81.1% and 77.7% in @entity1 receiving a CNI-based regimen and 95.1%, 93.6% and 92.7% in those not receiving a CNI-based regimen (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 undergoing a LT and presenting with non-modifiable risk factors for developing @entity16 an immunosuppressive regimen based on CNIs is likely to result in a higher rate of @entity16 compared to @entity3470 inhibitors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX after liver transplantation as a consequence of immunosuppression: univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological complications', 'NCs']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Neurological complications']