abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between regional white and gray matter volume loss and performance on executive functions (EFs) in @entity1 with penetrating @entity131 (pTBI). METHODS: We studied 164 pTBI @entity1 and 43 healthy controls from the Vietnam @entity542 Study. We acquired CT scans for pTBI @entity1 and divided them according to lesion localization (left and right prefrontal cortex [PFC]). We administered EF tests (Verbal Fluency, @entity2205 Making, Twenty Questions) and used voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM) and group-based correlational and multiple regression analyses to examine the relative influence of gray and @entity62 on EF recovery. RESULTS: The VLSM analysis revealed that white and gray @entity62 were associated with impaired EFs. In the @entity66 group, damage to the PFC gray matter, anterior corona radiata, and @entity3057 ( @entity3057 ) were most correlated with functional recovery. Verbal Fluency, which involves a broad fronto-temporo-parietal network, was best predicted by @entity3057 lesion volume. @entity2205 Making and Twenty Questions, which is associated with more focal @entity75 , was better predicted by PFC lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that white matter volume loss can be a superior predictor of recovery and a crucial factor driving clinical outcome in functions involving a broad network such as Verbal Fluency. White matter damage may place additional burden on recovery by deteriorating signal transmission between cortical areas within a functional network.

title: White and gray matter contributions to executive function recovery after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['left PFC lesion']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['left frontal damage']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['Head Injury']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter lesions']

entities_list: @entity3057 :: ('MESH:D017887', 'Disease') :: ['SLF', 'superior longitudinal fasciculus']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: @entity2 is the most common @entity5 worldwide. MicroRNA has become an ideal biomarker for @entity5 diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. The relationship between microRNA-141 and @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is contradictory. Thus, in current study, we aimed to investigate the level of microRNA-141 in @entity1149 tissues and to evaluate its potential clinical value. This study enrolled 125 @entity1149 @entity1 (75 males and 50 females) with a median age of 61 years (range, 23-90 years). @entity1149 @entity1 included 23 @entity957 ( @entity957 ), 101 @entity420 ( @entity420 ) and 1 large cell @entity189 . The expression level of microRNA-141 was significantly higher in @entity1149 tissues than in adjacent lung tissues (P < 0.001), detected by real time RT-PCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) exhibited a moderate diagnostic value of microRNA-141 for @entity1149 with the area under curve of 0.707. The microRNA-141 expression increased with the larger @entity5 size (P = 0.002), lymph node @entity3 (P = 0.018) and advanced stage (P = 0.022) in @entity1149 @entity1 . For subgroup analysis, microRNA-141 expression in SCC was correlated with @entity5 size (r = 0.490, P = 0.018), and in ADC, microRNA-141 level was positively associated with @entity5 size (r = 0.222, P = 0.026), lymph node @entity3 (r = 0.242, P = 0.015) and TNM stage (r = 0.210, P = 0.035). Furthermore, univariate analysis revealed that the expression of microRNA-141 was an independent prognostic indicator of ADC. In conclusion, microRNA-141 is a potential biomarker for the molecular diagnosis and risk stratification of @entity1149 .

title: MicroRNA-141 Is a Biomarker for Progression of XXXX and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: Clinical Analysis of 125 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['SCCs', 'squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'ADCs']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Squamous Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: @entity2 is the most common @entity5 worldwide. MicroRNA has become an ideal biomarker for @entity5 diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. The relationship between microRNA-141 and @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is contradictory. Thus, in current study, we aimed to investigate the level of microRNA-141 in @entity1149 tissues and to evaluate its potential clinical value. This study enrolled 125 @entity1149 @entity1 (75 males and 50 females) with a median age of 61 years (range, 23-90 years). @entity1149 @entity1 included 23 @entity957 ( @entity957 ), 101 @entity420 ( @entity420 ) and 1 large cell @entity189 . The expression level of microRNA-141 was significantly higher in @entity1149 tissues than in adjacent lung tissues (P < 0.001), detected by real time RT-PCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) exhibited a moderate diagnostic value of microRNA-141 for @entity1149 with the area under curve of 0.707. The microRNA-141 expression increased with the larger @entity5 size (P = 0.002), lymph node @entity3 (P = 0.018) and advanced stage (P = 0.022) in @entity1149 @entity1 . For subgroup analysis, microRNA-141 expression in SCC was correlated with @entity5 size (r = 0.490, P = 0.018), and in ADC, microRNA-141 level was positively associated with @entity5 size (r = 0.222, P = 0.026), lymph node @entity3 (r = 0.242, P = 0.015) and TNM stage (r = 0.210, P = 0.035). Furthermore, univariate analysis revealed that the expression of microRNA-141 was an independent prognostic indicator of ADC. In conclusion, microRNA-141 is a potential biomarker for the molecular diagnosis and risk stratification of @entity1149 .

title: MicroRNA-141 Is a Biomarker for Progression of @entity957 and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: Clinical Analysis of 125 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3511 ( @entity3511 ) is defined as herniation through a disrupted portion of musculature/fascia without skin penetration or history of prior @entity547 . In @entity1 , @entity3511 is a rare injury. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to report our experience with different management strategies of @entity3511 in @entity1 and to determine the utility of laparoscopy. DESIGN/METHOD: A retrospective chart review of all @entity1 treated by pediatric surgery at our institution for @entity3511 in a 5year interval was performed. Data were collected on mechanism of injury, initial @entity1 presentation, surgical management, and outcomes. RESULTS: We present 5 cases of traumatic @entity4036 ; 3 were managed using laparoscopic assistance. One @entity1 was managed nonoperatively. All @entity1 recovered without complications and were asymptomatic on follow up. CONCLUSION: Traumatic abdominal wall hernias require a high index of suspicion in the cases of blunt @entity1661 . Laparoscopy is useful mainly as a diagnostic modality, both to evaluate the @entity547 and associated injuries to intraabdominal structures. Its use may facilitate repair through a smaller incision. Conservative management of @entity3511 may be appropriate in select cases where there is a low risk of bowel strangulation.

title: Laparoscopic-assisted management of traumatic abdominal wall hernias in XXXX : case series and a review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4036 :: ('MESH:D046449', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal wall hernia']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['TAWH', 'Traumatic abdominal wall hernia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Idiopathic @entity10516 (IGM) is becoming more commonly recognized and reported more often. Currently, many recommend corticosteroids in its management. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted from January 2002 to June 2013. Data were collected regarding sociodemographic information, clinical history, treatment, and outcomes. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 were found with IGM. Thirty-five @entity1 were Hispanic born outside the United States. Early in the time period reviewed, 5 @entity1 had masses excised and 5 @entity1 were lost to follow-up. Twenty-seven cases of IGM resolved with observation. @entity288 were not used in the management. The average time to resolution was 7.4  months. Three @entity1 (11%) had recurrent episodes after resolution. CONCLUSIONS: IGM is a self-limited benign condition that will resolve spontaneously without treatment. Patience with the natural history of IGM is important, as the process often includes periods of exacerbation before resolution.

title: Management of idiopathic XXXX with observation.

entities_list: @entity10516 :: ('MESH:D058890', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous mastitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosteroids']

answer: @entity10516 :: (MESH:D058890,Disease) :: ['granulomatous mastitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Restricted pulmonary function is found among @entity1 with @entity6 . This study aimed to investigate the dose-response relationship between pulmonary function measurements (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC)) and risk of @entity209 ( @entity209 ) /type 2 @entity6 . METHODS: 1,454 adults in rural Victoria, Australia and 5,824 adults in Nanjing, China from randomly selected households provided clinical history, oral @entity413 tolerance test, lipids, anthropometric, blood pressure and spirometric measurements. @entity209 was defined by International @entity6 Federation criteria. Adjusted odds ratios for @entity209 and type 2 @entity6 with lung capacity measurements were estimated using logistic regression. Dose-response relationships were explored using restricted cubic spline models. RESULTS: There was a non-linear relationship between FEV1 and the risk of type 2 @entity6 and @entity209 (both P<0.0001) both in Australian and Chinese populations. The FEV1 associated with the lowest risk of type 2 @entity6 and @entity209 was above 2.70L (95%CI: 2.68 to 2.72L and 2.65 to 2.76L in Chinese and Australian populations respectively). The discrimination of the model could be significantly improved using the FEV1 threshold both in the Australian and Chinese populations. CONCLUSIONS: In both Australian and Chinese populations, the risk of type 2 @entity6 and @entity209 is lowest with a FEV1 of 2.65-2.76 L. This might be used in clinical practice in different countries as a prompt to screen for type 2 @entity6 and @entity209 in @entity1 with @entity3885 and to ensure there was no abnormal @entity413 metabolism before the commencement of @entity230 if indicated. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Association between lung capacity and abnormal XXXX metabolism: Findings from China and Australia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive lung disease']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of plasma @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) and @entity1410 expansion (HE) in @entity7057 ( @entity7057 ) (HE-in- @entity7057 ). @entity1 with @entity7057 , confirmed by head computed tomography (CT) within 12  h of onset, were prospectively collected. Venous blood was sampled within 4  h of the confirmation to determine the serum @entity1495 concentration. The blood pressure and National Institute of Health @entity64 Score of the @entity1 were recorded on hospital admission. CT re-scanning was performed within 42-54  h of the first head CT examination or immediately after worsening of the @entity1 ' @entity1662 . The relationship between @entity1495 level and HE was analyzed. A total of 186 @entity1 were included. Of these @entity1 , 41 had HE (22.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, in addition to the short interval between onset and the first CT examination, and the irregularity of @entity1410 shape, increasing @entity1495 level was an independent risk factor for HE-in- @entity7057 (OR value = 15.65, 95% CI: 5.30-46.15). Moreover, increasing plasma @entity1495 level was identified as an independent risk factor in @entity1 with HE-in- @entity7057 .

title: Relationship of plasma XXXX and  @entity1410 expansion in @entity7057 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7057 :: ('MESH:D020299', 'Disease') :: ['acute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage', 'hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage', 'AHCH']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-9', 'matrix metalloproteinase-9']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness disorder']

answer: @entity1495 :: (4318,Gene) :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-9']


abstract: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of plasma @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) and @entity1410 expansion (HE) in @entity7057 ( @entity7057 ) (HE-in- @entity7057 ). @entity1 with @entity7057 , confirmed by head computed tomography (CT) within 12  h of onset, were prospectively collected. Venous blood was sampled within 4  h of the confirmation to determine the serum @entity1495 concentration. The blood pressure and National Institute of Health @entity64 Score of the @entity1 were recorded on hospital admission. CT re-scanning was performed within 42-54  h of the first head CT examination or immediately after worsening of the @entity1 ' @entity1662 . The relationship between @entity1495 level and HE was analyzed. A total of 186 @entity1 were included. Of these @entity1 , 41 had HE (22.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, in addition to the short interval between onset and the first CT examination, and the irregularity of @entity1410 shape, increasing @entity1495 level was an independent risk factor for HE-in- @entity7057 (OR value = 15.65, 95% CI: 5.30-46.15). Moreover, increasing plasma @entity1495 level was identified as an independent risk factor in @entity1 with HE-in- @entity7057 .

title: Relationship of plasma @entity1495 and  XXXX expansion in @entity7057 .

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematoma']


abstract: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of plasma @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) and @entity1410 expansion (HE) in @entity7057 ( @entity7057 ) (HE-in- @entity7057 ). @entity1 with @entity7057 , confirmed by head computed tomography (CT) within 12  h of onset, were prospectively collected. Venous blood was sampled within 4  h of the confirmation to determine the serum @entity1495 concentration. The blood pressure and National Institute of Health @entity64 Score of the @entity1 were recorded on hospital admission. CT re-scanning was performed within 42-54  h of the first head CT examination or immediately after worsening of the @entity1 ' @entity1662 . The relationship between @entity1495 level and HE was analyzed. A total of 186 @entity1 were included. Of these @entity1 , 41 had HE (22.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, in addition to the short interval between onset and the first CT examination, and the irregularity of @entity1410 shape, increasing @entity1495 level was an independent risk factor for HE-in- @entity7057 (OR value = 15.65, 95% CI: 5.30-46.15). Moreover, increasing plasma @entity1495 level was identified as an independent risk factor in @entity1 with HE-in- @entity7057 .

title: Relationship of plasma @entity1495 and  @entity1410 expansion in XXXX .

answer: @entity7057 :: (MESH:D020299,Disease) :: ['acute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has called for the use of analytically validated biomarkers that have strong evidence of being fit for purpose to identify @entity1 likely to respond and to evaluate the @entity1 response to a therapy, potential @entity137 , and drug resistance. This article discusses development and application of these biomarkers in the context of @entity5 -specifically in cancers of the prostate and urinary bladder. METHODS: The FDA has defined four specific categories for contexts of biomarker use: prognostic, predictive, response-indicator, and efficacy-response (surrogate endpoints). Prognostic and predictive biomarkers include pretreatment characteristics of the @entity1 and the @entity5 . Response-indicator and efficacy response biomarkers occur after treatment and show the effects of treatment on biomarkers. Efficacy response biomarkers show changes associated with clinical benefit and can be surrogates for clinical endpoints leading to drug approvals. RESULTS: Well-structured development plans are required to satisfy rigorous criteria that must be met to qualify biomarkers for specific contexts of use in drug development and @entity1 management. A description of the extensive effort applied to the validation and qualification of circulating @entity5 cells in castration resistant @entity263 is described as an example of the potential utility of biomarkers in @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Many potential biomarkers have been identified in prostate and @entity150 , but few have sufficient demonstration of analytical and clinical validity to meet FDA standards for use in clinical settings. Circulating @entity5 cell (CTC) assays are particularly promising candidates for informative new biomarkers to measure disease before and after treatment. New technologies are providing opportunities for high definition, more informative analysis. Statistical and computational methodologies to describe assay results are also rapidly evolving. These advances will lead to better diagnosis, earlier indications of treatment response and failure, and better definition of @entity1 cohorts that will respond to a specific treatment.

title: Biomarker development in the context of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'urologic cancers', 'urological cancers']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['urinary bladder cancers']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['urologic cancers']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To understand the rates of diagnosis on @entity1374 and the differences in the distribution of age groups among those permanent residents, to analyze the relationships among thyroid function, thyroid antibodies and urinary @entity1496 . METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was performed in 1 995 permanent residents in Urumqi, Xinjiang in May, 2013, Among them, 1 906 were healthy adults aged 18-84 age, with mean age as (46.3    14.2) years and 30.4% of them were @entity1 . One time 10 ml random urine and blood samples were drown to examine urinary @entity1496 (UI) thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free @entity1955 (FT4), free @entity1954 (FT3), anti-thyroglobulin (TgAb) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb). RESULTS: 1) 213 residents were newly diagnosed as having @entity1374 (11.2%, including 78.4% @entity1 ), @entity1378 (clinical and @entity1378 ) that accounted for 2.7%, @entity1375 (clinical and @entity1375 ) was accounted for 8.5%. Positive rates of TgAb (23.2%), TPOAb (16.6%) were noticed. The median urinary @entity1496 was 134.5   g/L, with 32% of the subjects were having @entity1496 deficiency, 58% having adequate @entity1496 and another 10% as under excessive @entity1496 . No differences were observed on urine @entity1496 between @entity1374 and @entity3214 or between subjects with positive and negative antibodies. 2) TSH appeared different among age-groups of 18-, 45- and over 60. TSH showed higher in @entity1 than in @entity1 , with P value as < 0.001. For @entity1 with @entity3214 , TSH level in the antibody positive group was significantly higher than the antibody negative group (P < 0.000 1). 3) For @entity1 over 60 of age, morbidity of @entity1375 was significantly higher than those under 60 but with no differences related to @entity1378 or the antibody positive rate. CONCLUSION: UI levels were not significantly related with thyroid function and thyroid antibodies among residents of Urumqi, @entity1 showed higher on @entity1374 or the rate of positive antibody. In the antibody positive group, TSH levels were significantly higher than in the antibody negative group. @entity1375 was seen higher in the over 60-years-of-age population. Monitoring programs on thyroid function, thyroid antibodies and urinary @entity1496 among @entity1 over 60-years-of-age, should be strengthened.

title: [Changes of thyroid function, thyroid antibodies and urinary XXXX among permanent residents of Urumqi in Xinjiang].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['Hypothyroidism', 'subclinical hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism', 'subclinical hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity3214 :: ('MESH:D005067', 'Disease') :: ['euthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disease', 'thyroid dysfunction']

answer: @entity1496 :: (MESH:D007455,Chemical) :: ['iodine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect and mechanism of bevacizumab on proliferation and invasion of @entity1 @entity2 A549 cells. METHODS: A549 cells were treated with bevacizumab. Proliferation and invasion of the bevacizumab-treated A549 cells were detected using cell counting kit CCK-8 and Transwell assay, respectively. The expression of the mRNA and protein of @entity1476 , @entity1495 and @entity1916 were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS: Proliferation activity was inhibited at the concentration of 10   g/ml and promoted at the concentration of 100   g/ml bevacizumab. Bevacizumab in the concentration of 50   g/ml had a stronger inhibitory effect on the invasion of A549 cells (16 406.19  5 674.23 penetrated cells) than that of control group (36 108.68  6 263.83, P<0.05). The real-time PCR showed that bevacizumab had a stronger inhibitory effect on the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1495 mRNA at the concentration of 50   g/ml and on the expression @entity1916 mRNA at the concentration of 10   g/ml bevacizumabin the A549 cells. However bevacizumab at the concentration of 100   g/ml showed a promoting effect on the expression of @entity1476 , @entity1495 and @entity1916 mRNA (1.82  0.31, 1.60  0.25, 2.63  0.48), significantly higher than that of the control group (1.00  0.19, 1.00  0.23, 1.00  0.22, P<0.05). The expression of @entity1476 , @entity1495 and @entity1916 mRNA and protein was inhibited by 10   g/ml bevacizumab in a time-dependent manner. The Western blot assay showed that bevacizumab had a bi-directional effect on the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1916 proteins in the A549 cells: a promoting effect at 100   g/ml and inhibitory effect on the expression of @entity1476 at 50   g/ml bevacizumab, and inhibitory effect on the expression of @entity1916 protein at 10   g/ml bevacizumab. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that in a certain range of concentrations, bevacizumab has prominent inhibitory effect on the proliferation and invasion of A549 cells. However,over the concentration of 100   g/ml, bevacizumab shows a weakening anti-invasion effect, even has a promoting effect on cell proliferation. This phenomenon may be related to the inhibiting effect on the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1916 proteins in a non-concentration-dependent manner by bevacizumab.

title: [Effect of bevacizumab on proliferation and invasion of @entity1 XXXX A549 cells].

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect and mechanism of bevacizumab on proliferation and invasion of @entity1 @entity2 A549 cells. METHODS: A549 cells were treated with bevacizumab. Proliferation and invasion of the bevacizumab-treated A549 cells were detected using cell counting kit CCK-8 and Transwell assay, respectively. The expression of the mRNA and protein of @entity1476 , @entity1495 and @entity1916 were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS: Proliferation activity was inhibited at the concentration of 10   g/ml and promoted at the concentration of 100   g/ml bevacizumab. Bevacizumab in the concentration of 50   g/ml had a stronger inhibitory effect on the invasion of A549 cells (16 406.19  5 674.23 penetrated cells) than that of control group (36 108.68  6 263.83, P<0.05). The real-time PCR showed that bevacizumab had a stronger inhibitory effect on the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1495 mRNA at the concentration of 50   g/ml and on the expression @entity1916 mRNA at the concentration of 10   g/ml bevacizumabin the A549 cells. However bevacizumab at the concentration of 100   g/ml showed a promoting effect on the expression of @entity1476 , @entity1495 and @entity1916 mRNA (1.82  0.31, 1.60  0.25, 2.63  0.48), significantly higher than that of the control group (1.00  0.19, 1.00  0.23, 1.00  0.22, P<0.05). The expression of @entity1476 , @entity1495 and @entity1916 mRNA and protein was inhibited by 10   g/ml bevacizumab in a time-dependent manner. The Western blot assay showed that bevacizumab had a bi-directional effect on the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1916 proteins in the A549 cells: a promoting effect at 100   g/ml and inhibitory effect on the expression of @entity1476 at 50   g/ml bevacizumab, and inhibitory effect on the expression of @entity1916 protein at 10   g/ml bevacizumab. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that in a certain range of concentrations, bevacizumab has prominent inhibitory effect on the proliferation and invasion of A549 cells. However,over the concentration of 100   g/ml, bevacizumab shows a weakening anti-invasion effect, even has a promoting effect on cell proliferation. This phenomenon may be related to the inhibiting effect on the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1916 proteins in a non-concentration-dependent manner by bevacizumab.

title: [Effect of bevacizumab on proliferation and invasion of XXXX @entity2 A549 cells].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and clinicopathologic features and prognosis in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: The clinical and pathological data of 440 @entity1 with @entity5 after radical resection were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was used to assess the expression of MMR proteins ( @entity6756 , @entity4311 , @entity4638 and @entity14437 ), and the correlation between DNA MMR and clinicopathological features and prognosis of @entity694 was analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 440 @entity5 samples tested for DNA mismatch repair status, 90 (20.5%) demonstrated defective DNA mismatch repair and 350 (79.5%) had proficient DNA mismatch repair. Defective DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) was associated with young @entity1 ( <=60), proximal @entity5 , poorly differentiated @entity420 and @entity3079 (P<0.05 for all). Among the 440 @entity1 , 126 (28.6%) cases had recurrence or @entity3 and 93 (21.1%) died during the median follow-up of 61.0 months. The five-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 82.2% among the @entity1 with @entity5 exhibiting dMMR, significantly higher than that in @entity1 with @entity5 exhibiting pMMR (68.9%, P=0.02). The univariate and mutlivariate analyses showed that the MMR status is an independent factor affecting 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival (OS) in @entity694 @entity1 (P<0.05 for both). CONCLUSIONS: Defective DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) is associated with @entity1 with proximal @entity5 and poorly defferentiated @entity420 and @entity3079 . The prognosis for @entity1 with dMMR is better than those with pMMR. dMMR may be a useful biomarker for the prognosis of @entity694 .

title: [Analysis of the relationship of DNA mismatch repair with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3079 :: ('MESH:D002288', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stages II and III colon cancers', 'tumor', 'colon cancer, stage II', 'stage II/III colon cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer', 'colon cancers']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The number of chronic @entity4512 sites (nCMSP) is reportedly associated with risk of falls. Older @entity1 in community-based research show a wide range of physical functions, but few studies have focused on the risk of falls in older adults with normal motor function (NMF). Clarification of the effects of @entity158 on dual-tasking performance is also important, given the strong link between falls and dual-tasking. AIMS: The objectives were to investigate the associations between: (1) nCMSP and falls; and (2) nCMSP and dual-task performance in older adults with NMF. METHODS: A total of 112 older adults with NMF (44 @entity1 , 68 @entity1 ; 73.4      4.6  years) were classified as fallers (n  =  22) or non-fallers (n  =  90) according to their fall history. @entity4512 in the lower body was assessed using questions ascertaining @entity158 in musculoskeletal sites (back, hip, knee, foot, or toe). @entity1 were assigned to three @entity158 groups according to nCMSP. Basic physical performances and gait performances (normal gait, fast gait, or dual-task gait) were measured. RESULTS: The nCMSP represented a significant risk factor for falls according to logistic regression modeling after adjusting for the five chair stand test and fear of falls. The nCMSP was not associated with any gait variables. DISCUSSION: Potential fall risk may be increased by nCMSP, even in older adults with NMF. @entity158 -related reduction in attention resources may not represent a risk factor for falls among older adults with NMF. CONCLUSIONS: The nCMSP represents a potential risk factor for falls in older adults with NMF.

title: XXXX is a useful clinical index to predict the risk of falls in older adults with normal motor function.

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['Musculoskeletal pain', 'musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'men']

answer: @entity4512 :: (MESH:D059352,Disease) :: ['Multi-chronic musculoskeletal pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9757 ( @entity9757 ) or @entity14761 ( @entity14761 ), or both, with @entity565 precede the onset of eosinophilic @entity2883 with @entity2883 (EGPA) in half of all EGPA @entity1 . It is not known what determines whether @entity1 with @entity9757 or with @entity14761 following @entity565 will develop EGPA. METHODS: We studied 17 EGPA @entity1 and 12 @entity1 with @entity9757 but without EGPA. We assayed serum @entity2071 , @entity4725 , and @entity7 , and the percentage of peripheral blood @entity404 (+) T cells producing @entity4155 (Th17 cells), at both onset and remission. We also examined the numbers of submucosal eosinophils and the basement membrane-to-crypt and crypt-to-crypt distance to evaluate @entity4 in the colon submucosa at onset and remission in EGPA and at onset in @entity9757 . RESULTS: Nine of 12 (75.0  %) @entity9757 @entity1 had symptoms or endoscopic findings. Colonic submucosal eosinophil counts and @entity4 in EGPA at onset were greater than at remission or in @entity9757 at onset. Th17 cells (%) and serum @entity2071 levels at onset were greater in EGPA than in @entity9757 . In EGPA, peripheral blood Th17 cells (%) were significantly correlated with serum @entity2071 level, colonic submucosal eosinophil count, and degree of @entity4 change; inversely correlated with serum @entity7 level; but not correlated with @entity4725 level. CONCLUSIONS: @entity694 change were greater in EGPA than in @entity9757 . The mechanism of @entity1333 in EGPA appears related to increases in serum Th17 cell numbers and @entity2071 levels and decreases in @entity7 levels.

title: Th17 cells reflect colon submucosal pathologic changes in active eosinophilic XXXX with @entity2883 .

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity9757 :: ('MESH:C535590', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia', 'CEP']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['Eosinophilia and colonic submucosal edematous']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['polyangiitis', 'granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity14761 :: ('MESH:C535952', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic gastroenteritis', 'EG']

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['granulomatosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9757 ( @entity9757 ) or @entity14761 ( @entity14761 ), or both, with @entity565 precede the onset of eosinophilic @entity2883 with @entity2883 (EGPA) in half of all EGPA @entity1 . It is not known what determines whether @entity1 with @entity9757 or with @entity14761 following @entity565 will develop EGPA. METHODS: We studied 17 EGPA @entity1 and 12 @entity1 with @entity9757 but without EGPA. We assayed serum @entity2071 , @entity4725 , and @entity7 , and the percentage of peripheral blood @entity404 (+) T cells producing @entity4155 (Th17 cells), at both onset and remission. We also examined the numbers of submucosal eosinophils and the basement membrane-to-crypt and crypt-to-crypt distance to evaluate @entity4 in the colon submucosa at onset and remission in EGPA and at onset in @entity9757 . RESULTS: Nine of 12 (75.0  %) @entity9757 @entity1 had symptoms or endoscopic findings. Colonic submucosal eosinophil counts and @entity4 in EGPA at onset were greater than at remission or in @entity9757 at onset. Th17 cells (%) and serum @entity2071 levels at onset were greater in EGPA than in @entity9757 . In EGPA, peripheral blood Th17 cells (%) were significantly correlated with serum @entity2071 level, colonic submucosal eosinophil count, and degree of @entity4 change; inversely correlated with serum @entity7 level; but not correlated with @entity4725 level. CONCLUSIONS: @entity694 change were greater in EGPA than in @entity9757 . The mechanism of @entity1333 in EGPA appears related to increases in serum Th17 cell numbers and @entity2071 levels and decreases in @entity7 levels.

title: Th17 cells reflect colon submucosal pathologic changes in active eosinophilic @entity2883 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['polyangiitis']


abstract: The objectives were to determine whether epicardial fat (EAT) is subject to modification, and whether various strategies accomplish this end point and the relationship between @entity353 and EAT. A systematic review of the literature following meta-analysis guidelines was conducted using the search strategy 'epicardial fat' OR 'epicardial adipose tissue' AND 'diet' OR 'exercise' OR 'bariatric surgery (BS)' OR 'change in body weight' limited to @entity1 . Eleven articles were identified with 12 intervention approaches of which eight studies showed a statistically significant reduction in EAT. A random-effects meta-analysis suggests an overall significant reduction of 1.12 standardized units (95% CI   =   [-1.71, -0.54], P value   <   0.01). While there is a large amount of heterogeneity across study groups, a substantial amount of this variability can be accounted for by considering intervention type and change in body mass index (BMI). These variables were incorporated into a random-effects meta-regression model. Using this analysis, significant @entity1386 occurred with diet and BS but not with exercise. BMI reductions correlated significantly with EAT reductions for diet-based interventions, i.e. for some but not all interventions. In conclusion, EAT, a factor that is significantly associated with @entity453 , can be modified. The type of intervention, in addition to the amount of @entity353 achieved, is predictive of the amount of @entity1386 .

title: Comparison of reducing epicardial fat by exercise, diet or bariatric surgery XXXX strategies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['EAT reduction']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The rising incidence of primary @entity135 in the elderly presents a dilemma regarding the appropriateness of complex surgery in this assumed frail age group. With limited data on surgical morbidity, survival, and @entity1 quality of life (QOL), this analysis aimed to broaden the understanding of safety and effectiveness of microsurgical treatment in very elderly H_N @entity5 @entity1 . METHODS: A prospective database analysis was used to evaluate surgical outcomes (morbidity, survival, and QOL) in all @entity1 aged 80  years and older undergoing microsurgical reconstruction for cutaneous and @entity5 between 2004 and 2014. Outcomes were assessed for their association with surgical, @entity5 , and @entity1 variables. Comorbidities were categorized by the ACE27 index and postoperative morbidity by the Clavien-Dindo scoring system. QOL was analyzed using the UW-QOLv4. RESULTS: Of 720 microsurgical reconstructions, 96 @entity1 were identified. Median survival was 25  months. The ACE27 index was the only variable significantly associated with survival with a 5-year survival of 59.2  % in the least comorbid group versus 19.7  % in the most comorbid group (p 0.015). ACE-27 showed influence on socioemotional QoL scores. Physical QOL scores were influenced by @entity5 and operative factors. @entity1 were found to value physical QOL over socioemotional. CONCLUSIONS: Microsurgical reconstructions are well tolerated in the very elderly @entity1 and should be considered predominantly based on comorbidity. @entity5 stage, flap type, and @entity5 site should still form part of the preoperative counseling due to their implication on postoperative physical function.

title: Microsurgical Reconstructions for XXXX in Elderly Aged >80  Years: An Analysis of Surgical Outcomes and Quality of Life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck (H_N) cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'cancer', 'intra-oral H_N cancers', 'tumour']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['Head and Neck Cancers']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity726 is the leading cause of irreversible @entity1939 worldwide. The goal of this study was to describe our experience with the novel micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC; IRIDEX IQ810 Laser Systems, CA) in @entity1 with advanced @entity726 . @entity1 with advanced @entity726 who underwent MP-TSCPC were included in our study. Laser settings were 2000  mW of 810  nm infrared diode laser set on micropulse delivery mode. The laser was delivered over 360   for 100-240  s. The duty cycle was 31.3  %, which translated to 0.5  ms of "on time" and 1.1  ms of "off time." Surgical success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 6-21  mmHg or a reduction of IOP by 20  % at the last follow-up visit. Failure was defined as an inability to meet the criteria for success or a need for incisional @entity726 surgery. Nineteen @entity1 underwent MP-TSCPC with mean follow-up of 60.3  days. Mean IOP dropped from 37.9  mmHg preoperatively to 22.7  mmHg at last follow-up, representing a 40.1  % decrease. The success rate for initial treatment was 73.7  % (n   =   14). Three @entity1 underwent a second treatment, increasing the overall success rate to 89.5  % (n   =   17). Four @entity1 gained one line of vision, and four @entity1 lost one line of vision. The novel MP-TSCPC laser had a high rate of surgical success after a short follow-up period in @entity1 with advanced @entity726 . Further long-term evaluation and comparison to the traditional transscleral cyclophotocoagulation are warranted.

title: Treatment outcomes of micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Glaucoma', 'glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity42315 is important for the growth and survival of mast cells. @entity42315 is produced by T cells, natural killer T cells, mast cells, eosinophils, and innate lymphoid cells, although the cells required for mast cell accumulation during @entity32 remain undefined. OBJECTIVE: We sought to elucidate the role of TH9 cells in promoting mast cell accumulation in models of @entity55 . METHODS: Adoptive transfer of ovalbumin-specific @entity61 and TH9 cells was used to assess the ability of each subset to mediate mast cell accumulation in tissues. Mast cell accumulation was assessed in wild-type @entity19 and @entity19 with PU.1-deficient T cells subjected to acute and chronic models of @entity32 . RESULTS: Adoptive transfer experiments demonstrated that recipients of TH9 cells had significantly higher mast cell accumulation and expression of mast cell proteases compared with control or @entity61 recipients. Mast cell accumulation was dependent on @entity42315 , but not @entity1312 , a cytokine required for many aspects of @entity32 . In models of @entity56 , decreased @entity42315 levels in @entity19 with PU.1-deficient T cells corresponded to diminished tissue mast cell numbers and expression of mast cell proteases. @entity19 with PU.1-deficient T cells have defects in @entity42315 production from CD4(+) T cells, but not natural killer T cells or innate lymphoid cells, suggesting a TH cell-dependent phenotype. @entity5350 (-/-) @entity19 subjected to a chronic model of @entity32 displayed reduced mast cell infiltration comparable with accumulation in @entity19 with PU.1-deficient T cells, emphasizing the importance of @entity42315 produced by T cells in mast cell recruitment. CONCLUSION: TH9 cells are a major source of @entity42315 in models of @entity32 and play an important role in mast cell accumulation and activation.

title: TH9 cells are required for tissue mast cell accumulation during XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['allergic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['allergic lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['acute and chronic allergic inflammation']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['allergic inflammation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Insecticide research has often relied on model species for elucidating the resistance mechanisms present in the targeted pests. The accuracy and applicability of extrapolations of these laboratory findings to field conditions varies but, for target site resistance, conserved mechanisms are generally the rule rather than the exception (Perry et  al., 2011). The spinosyn class of insecticides appear to fit this paradigm and are a pest control option with many uses in both crop and animal protection. Resistance to spinosyns has been identified in both laboratory-selected and field-collected pest insects. Studies using the model insect, @entity238 , have identified the nicotinic @entity934 receptor subunit, Da6 as an important target of the insecticide @entity34258 (Perry et  al., 2007; Watson et  al., 2010). Field-isolated resistant strains of several agricultural pest insects provide evidence that resistance cases are often associated with mutations in orthologues to Da6 (Baxter et  al., 2010; Puinean et  al., 2013). The expression of these receptors is difficult in heterologous systems. In order to examine the biology of the Da6 receptor subunit further, we used @entity238 as a model and developed an in  vivo rescue system. This allowed us to express four different isoforms of Da6 and show that each is able to rescue the response to @entity34258 . Regulatory sequences upstream of the Da6 gene able to rescue the resistance phenotype were identified. Expression of other @entity238 subunits revealed that the rescue phenotype appears to be Da6 specific. We also demonstrate that expression of pest insect orthologues of Da6 from a variety of species are capable of rescuing the @entity34258 response phenotype, verifying the relevance of this receptor to resistance monitoring in the field. In the absence of a robust heterologous expression system, this study presents an in  vivo model that will be useful in analysing many other aspects of these receptors and their biology.

title: Expression of insect a6-like nicotinic @entity934 receptors in  XXXX highlights a high level of conservation of  the receptor:spinosyn interaction.

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila melanogaster', 'Drosophila', 'D.  melanogaster']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila melanogaster']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Insecticide research has often relied on model species for elucidating the resistance mechanisms present in the targeted pests. The accuracy and applicability of extrapolations of these laboratory findings to field conditions varies but, for target site resistance, conserved mechanisms are generally the rule rather than the exception (Perry et  al., 2011). The spinosyn class of insecticides appear to fit this paradigm and are a pest control option with many uses in both crop and animal protection. Resistance to spinosyns has been identified in both laboratory-selected and field-collected pest insects. Studies using the model insect, @entity238 , have identified the nicotinic @entity934 receptor subunit, Da6 as an important target of the insecticide @entity34258 (Perry et  al., 2007; Watson et  al., 2010). Field-isolated resistant strains of several agricultural pest insects provide evidence that resistance cases are often associated with mutations in orthologues to Da6 (Baxter et  al., 2010; Puinean et  al., 2013). The expression of these receptors is difficult in heterologous systems. In order to examine the biology of the Da6 receptor subunit further, we used @entity238 as a model and developed an in  vivo rescue system. This allowed us to express four different isoforms of Da6 and show that each is able to rescue the response to @entity34258 . Regulatory sequences upstream of the Da6 gene able to rescue the resistance phenotype were identified. Expression of other @entity238 subunits revealed that the rescue phenotype appears to be Da6 specific. We also demonstrate that expression of pest insect orthologues of Da6 from a variety of species are capable of rescuing the @entity34258 response phenotype, verifying the relevance of this receptor to resistance monitoring in the field. In the absence of a robust heterologous expression system, this study presents an in  vivo model that will be useful in analysing many other aspects of these receptors and their biology.

title: Expression of insect a6-like nicotinic XXXX receptors in  @entity238 highlights a high level of conservation of  the receptor:spinosyn interaction.

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: The electrical activity of the colon was recorded during 10 hour sessions from 4 to 8 sets of electrodes carried on a 1.5 m probe in 11 control volunteers and in 35 @entity1 with @entity1744 manifested by chronic @entity1142 , @entity294 and/or @entity158 . The patterns of electrical spiking activity were compared with that obtained from @entity235 with induced @entity294 or @entity1142 . In both @entity1 and @entity235 , two types of electrical activity were identified: short spike bursts (SSB) lasting 0.6 to 2.4 sec and long spike bursts (LSB) lasting 6.4 to 25 sec. The SSBs occurred at a maximum frequency of 13 per min. in @entity1 , while the LSB never exceeded 3 per min. Characteristic changes in the myoelectrical activity mainly coincided with disorders. In a group I containing 19 @entity1 , most of them exhibiting @entity1142 , the level of activity was 62% higher than in healthy subjects with an increase in the SSB hourly frequency of 170 to 420%. The colonic activity was similarly increased in constipated @entity235 . In a group II containing 11 @entity1 suffering from soft feces or watery @entity294 , the LSB activity was significantly reduced. In a group III containing 5 @entity1 , diffuse @entity490 occurred after eating despite a reduction of the electromotor feeding responses and the absence of colonic postprandial rushes. The results indicate that the functional @entity1049 in @entity1 corresponded mainly to 3 specific patterns of myoelectrical activity, one of them (Group I) being reproduced in experimentally constipated @entity235 .

title: Colonic myoelectrical activity in XXXX and @entity1142 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['irritable bowel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colonic disorders']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhea']


abstract: The electrical activity of the colon was recorded during 10 hour sessions from 4 to 8 sets of electrodes carried on a 1.5 m probe in 11 control volunteers and in 35 @entity1 with @entity1744 manifested by chronic @entity1142 , @entity294 and/or @entity158 . The patterns of electrical spiking activity were compared with that obtained from @entity235 with induced @entity294 or @entity1142 . In both @entity1 and @entity235 , two types of electrical activity were identified: short spike bursts (SSB) lasting 0.6 to 2.4 sec and long spike bursts (LSB) lasting 6.4 to 25 sec. The SSBs occurred at a maximum frequency of 13 per min. in @entity1 , while the LSB never exceeded 3 per min. Characteristic changes in the myoelectrical activity mainly coincided with disorders. In a group I containing 19 @entity1 , most of them exhibiting @entity1142 , the level of activity was 62% higher than in healthy subjects with an increase in the SSB hourly frequency of 170 to 420%. The colonic activity was similarly increased in constipated @entity235 . In a group II containing 11 @entity1 suffering from soft feces or watery @entity294 , the LSB activity was significantly reduced. In a group III containing 5 @entity1 , diffuse @entity490 occurred after eating despite a reduction of the electromotor feeding responses and the absence of colonic postprandial rushes. The results indicate that the functional @entity1049 in @entity1 corresponded mainly to 3 specific patterns of myoelectrical activity, one of them (Group I) being reproduced in experimentally constipated @entity235 .

title: Colonic myoelectrical activity in @entity294 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1142 :: (MESH:D003248,Disease) :: ['constipation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Antiangiogenic therapy is important for the treatment of gynecological @entity5 . However, the therapeutic benefit derived from these treatments is transient, predominantly due to the selective activation of compensatory proangiogenic pathways that lead to rapid development of resistance. We aimed to identify and target potential alternative signaling to @entity7 ( @entity7 ) therapy, with a view toward developing a combination of antiangiogenic agents to provide extended therapeutic benefits. We developed a preclinical in vivo phenotypic resistance model of @entity43 resistant to antiangiogenic therapy. We measured dynamic changes in secreted chemokines and angiogenic signaling in @entity5 and plasma in response to anti- @entity7 treatment, as @entity5 advanced from the initial responsive phase to progressive disease. In @entity5 that progressed following @entity2857 treatment, gene and protein expression levels of proangiogenic CXC chemokines and their receptors were significantly elevated, compared with responsive @entity5 . The @entity687 ( @entity687 ), also known as @entity687 ( @entity687 ) increase was time-dependent and coincided with the dynamics of @entity5 progression. We used @entity50951 , a pharmacological inhibitor of @entity7416 ( @entity7416 ), to disrupt the CXC chemokine-mediated functions of @entity43 cells in in vitro assays of cell growth inhibition, spheroid formation, and cell migration. The combination of @entity7416 inhibitor with @entity2857 led to a synergistic inhibition of cell growth in vitro, and further stabilized @entity5 progression following @entity2857 in vivo. Our results suggest that @entity7416 -mediated chemokines may represent an important compensatory pathway that promotes resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in @entity43 . Thus, simultaneous blockage of this proangiogenic cytokine pathway using @entity7416 inhibitors and the @entity319 ( @entity319 ) pathway could improve the outcomes of antiangiogenic therapy.

title: XXXX Inhibition Combined with @entity2857 Improved Antitumor and Antiangiogenic Response in Preclinical Models of @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF', 'anti-vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity319 :: ('3791', 'Gene') :: ['VEGFR', 'VEGF receptor']

entities_list: @entity687 :: ('3576', 'Gene') :: ['chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8', 'CXCL8', 'interleukin-8', 'IL-8']

entities_list: @entity7416 :: ('3579', 'Gene') :: ['chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2', 'CXCR2']

answer: @entity7416 :: (3579,Gene) :: ['CXCR2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Antiangiogenic therapy is important for the treatment of gynecological @entity5 . However, the therapeutic benefit derived from these treatments is transient, predominantly due to the selective activation of compensatory proangiogenic pathways that lead to rapid development of resistance. We aimed to identify and target potential alternative signaling to @entity7 ( @entity7 ) therapy, with a view toward developing a combination of antiangiogenic agents to provide extended therapeutic benefits. We developed a preclinical in vivo phenotypic resistance model of @entity43 resistant to antiangiogenic therapy. We measured dynamic changes in secreted chemokines and angiogenic signaling in @entity5 and plasma in response to anti- @entity7 treatment, as @entity5 advanced from the initial responsive phase to progressive disease. In @entity5 that progressed following @entity2857 treatment, gene and protein expression levels of proangiogenic CXC chemokines and their receptors were significantly elevated, compared with responsive @entity5 . The @entity687 ( @entity687 ), also known as @entity687 ( @entity687 ) increase was time-dependent and coincided with the dynamics of @entity5 progression. We used @entity50951 , a pharmacological inhibitor of @entity7416 ( @entity7416 ), to disrupt the CXC chemokine-mediated functions of @entity43 cells in in vitro assays of cell growth inhibition, spheroid formation, and cell migration. The combination of @entity7416 inhibitor with @entity2857 led to a synergistic inhibition of cell growth in vitro, and further stabilized @entity5 progression following @entity2857 in vivo. Our results suggest that @entity7416 -mediated chemokines may represent an important compensatory pathway that promotes resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in @entity43 . Thus, simultaneous blockage of this proangiogenic cytokine pathway using @entity7416 inhibitors and the @entity319 ( @entity319 ) pathway could improve the outcomes of antiangiogenic therapy.

title: @entity7416 Inhibition Combined with @entity2857 Improved Antitumor and Antiangiogenic Response in Preclinical Models of XXXX .

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Antiangiogenic therapy is important for the treatment of gynecological @entity5 . However, the therapeutic benefit derived from these treatments is transient, predominantly due to the selective activation of compensatory proangiogenic pathways that lead to rapid development of resistance. We aimed to identify and target potential alternative signaling to @entity7 ( @entity7 ) therapy, with a view toward developing a combination of antiangiogenic agents to provide extended therapeutic benefits. We developed a preclinical in vivo phenotypic resistance model of @entity43 resistant to antiangiogenic therapy. We measured dynamic changes in secreted chemokines and angiogenic signaling in @entity5 and plasma in response to anti- @entity7 treatment, as @entity5 advanced from the initial responsive phase to progressive disease. In @entity5 that progressed following @entity2857 treatment, gene and protein expression levels of proangiogenic CXC chemokines and their receptors were significantly elevated, compared with responsive @entity5 . The @entity687 ( @entity687 ), also known as @entity687 ( @entity687 ) increase was time-dependent and coincided with the dynamics of @entity5 progression. We used @entity50951 , a pharmacological inhibitor of @entity7416 ( @entity7416 ), to disrupt the CXC chemokine-mediated functions of @entity43 cells in in vitro assays of cell growth inhibition, spheroid formation, and cell migration. The combination of @entity7416 inhibitor with @entity2857 led to a synergistic inhibition of cell growth in vitro, and further stabilized @entity5 progression following @entity2857 in vivo. Our results suggest that @entity7416 -mediated chemokines may represent an important compensatory pathway that promotes resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in @entity43 . Thus, simultaneous blockage of this proangiogenic cytokine pathway using @entity7416 inhibitors and the @entity319 ( @entity319 ) pathway could improve the outcomes of antiangiogenic therapy.

title: @entity7416 Inhibition Combined with XXXX Improved Antitumor and Antiangiogenic Response in Preclinical Models of @entity43 .

answer: @entity2857 :: (MESH:C471405,Chemical) :: ['Sorafenib']


abstract: AIM: The objective of our study was to assess diagnostic value of three-dimensional (3D) vectorcardiographic (VCG) parameters in detecting @entity120 ( @entity120 ) in @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) with and without @entity8158 ( @entity8158 ). METHODS: The study group of 62 @entity1 with @entity1030 was stratified on the basis of color Doppler echocardiographic findings into three subgroups: non- @entity120 (n = 23), @entity120 without @entity8158 (n = 22), and @entity120 with @entity8158 (n = 17). Pairwise differences between the subgroups were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the significance of the correlations between pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) and various VCG parameters. RESULTS: The azimuth of the QRS vector decreased from -24   in the non- @entity120 group to -62   in @entity120 without @entity8158 and to -140   in @entity120 with @entity8158 (P < 0.01 for pairwise differences between all three groups). Similar significant decrease was observed for the azimuth of the ventricular gradient (VG) vector. Spatial QRS/ @entity20576 increased from 69   in the non- @entity120 group to 115   in @entity120 without @entity8158 (P < 0.01). In the @entity120 group with @entity8158 , QRS/ @entity20576 was 94   (P < 0.05 for difference from the non- @entity120 group). There was a significant correlation between PASP and QRS/ @entity20576 (r = 0.89, P < 0.05) and between PASP and the azimuth of the VG vector (r = 0.86, P < 0.05). PASP increase from linear regression model was 0.8 mmHg for a QRS/ @entity20576 increase by 10   and 1.3 mmHg for each 10   increase in the azimuth of the VG vector. CONCLUSION: 3DVCG parameters are potentially useful for predicting PASP in @entity1030 @entity1 , and possibly also for differentiation between @entity1030 @entity1 with @entity120 and @entity8158 from those without @entity8158 .

title: Prediction of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in XXXX from Three-Dimensional Vectorcardiographic Parameters.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['PAH', 'pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity8158 :: ('MESH:D017380', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular hypertrophy', 'RVH']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive lung disease', 'COLD', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The most common monogenic form of @entity28 is caused by mutations in the @entity1628 ( @entity1628 ) gene. More than 150 mutations have been reported in the @entity1628 gene, the majority being point mutations. Most individuals with @entity1628 gene mutations have early-onset @entity28 , @entity7298 , and increased longitudinal growth. METHODS: A 9-year-old Caucasian @entity1 was referred to genetics for @entity28 , food-seeking behavior, and @entity245 . History and physical exam were not consistent with @entity6038 , but revealed @entity154 . Owing to significant @entity28 and @entity7298 , a @entity6038 methylation test and a microarray were requested. RESULTS: Methlylation testing for @entity6038 was normal. Microarray analysis revealed two changes: (1) A 2.6-Mb deletion at chromosome 18q21.31 was identified and contained several OMIM genes, including the @entity1628 gene, and (2) an 0.87-Mb duplication at chromosome region 16p13.3 was found and contained one gene. Parental samples revealed that the @entity1 's father had the same deletion and duplication. This case appears to be the first with a deletion of 18q21.31 encompassing the @entity1628 gene presenting with features of @entity7298 and @entity28 . CONCLUSIONS: Haploinsufficiency of the @entity1628 gene either through whole gene deletion or nonsense or missense mutations is associated with a significant risk of @entity28 . The case emphasizes both the role of the @entity1628 gene in @entity28 as well as the importance of looking for chromosomal microdeletions/duplications as a cause of @entity28 in @entity1 with @entity154 or @entity245 .

title: Deletion of the XXXX Gene in a 9-Year-Old Obese @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['minor anomalies', 'several minor anomalies']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity7298 :: ('MESH:D006963', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphagia']

entities_list: @entity1628 :: ('4160', 'Gene') :: ['melanocortin 4 receptor', 'MC4R']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity6038 :: ('MESH:D011218', 'Disease') :: ['Prader Willi syndrome']

answer: @entity1628 :: (4160,Gene) :: ['MC4R']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The most common monogenic form of @entity28 is caused by mutations in the @entity1628 ( @entity1628 ) gene. More than 150 mutations have been reported in the @entity1628 gene, the majority being point mutations. Most individuals with @entity1628 gene mutations have early-onset @entity28 , @entity7298 , and increased longitudinal growth. METHODS: A 9-year-old Caucasian @entity1 was referred to genetics for @entity28 , food-seeking behavior, and @entity245 . History and physical exam were not consistent with @entity6038 , but revealed @entity154 . Owing to significant @entity28 and @entity7298 , a @entity6038 methylation test and a microarray were requested. RESULTS: Methlylation testing for @entity6038 was normal. Microarray analysis revealed two changes: (1) A 2.6-Mb deletion at chromosome 18q21.31 was identified and contained several OMIM genes, including the @entity1628 gene, and (2) an 0.87-Mb duplication at chromosome region 16p13.3 was found and contained one gene. Parental samples revealed that the @entity1 's father had the same deletion and duplication. This case appears to be the first with a deletion of 18q21.31 encompassing the @entity1628 gene presenting with features of @entity7298 and @entity28 . CONCLUSIONS: Haploinsufficiency of the @entity1628 gene either through whole gene deletion or nonsense or missense mutations is associated with a significant risk of @entity28 . The case emphasizes both the role of the @entity1628 gene in @entity28 as well as the importance of looking for chromosomal microdeletions/duplications as a cause of @entity28 in @entity1 with @entity154 or @entity245 .

title: Deletion of the @entity1628 Gene in a 9-Year-Old Obese XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Boy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The genome of the @entity30261 apicoplast, which has a higher copy number compared with current targets for molecular diagnosis of @entity311 , appears to be a suitable target for detection of submicroscopic infections that are capable of sustaining transmission. Novel primers targeting a conserved segment of the apicoplast (PFC10_AP 0010:rRNA) were designed and used in a number of different high throughput platforms such as single-step PCR (ssPCR), nested PCR (nPCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for parasite detection. Replicates of ten-fold serial dilutions of @entity30261 DNA, with equivalent parasite density ranges of 200 000 to 0.2 parasites/ L, were used to determine the limit of detection and repeatability of each assay. A panel of 184 archived DNA samples extracted from either @entity1098 whole blood or dried blood spots, from across West Africa and South East Asia was used to determine the diagnostic performance of the assays. All assays amplified the 2 parasites/ L dilution except the ssPCR, which amplified two of the three replicates. Using an 18S rRNA PCR as reference, the sensitivity was 98% (95% CI 93-100%) for the LAMP assay, 87% (95% CI 79-93%) for ssPCR and 100% (95% CI 97-100%) for nPCR. Specificity was 91% (95% CI 83-96%) for LAMP, 82% (95% CI 72-90%) for ssPCR and 66% (95% CI 54-76%) for nPCR. The apicoplast genome-based nPCR detected more positive samples overall than the reference method. Discrepant samples were confirmed as true positives using a probe-based real-time quantitative PCR assay. The results show that the apicoplast genome is a suitable target for molecular diagnosis of @entity311 .

title: Validation of an apicoplast genome target for the detection of XXXX species using polymerase chain reaction and loop mediated isothermal amplification.

entities_list: @entity30261 :: ('36329', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum 3D7', 'Plasmodium']

answer: @entity30261 :: (36329,Species) :: ['Plasmodium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine geographic and facility variation in cognitive and motor functional outcomes after postacute inpatient rehabilitation in @entity1 with @entity64 . DESIGN: Retrospective cohort design using Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ( @entity25266 ) claims files. Records from 1209 rehabilitation facilities in 298 hospital referral regions (HRRs) were examined. @entity1 records were analyzed using linear mixed models. Multilevel models were used to calculate the variation in outcomes attributable to facilities and geographic regions. SETTING: Inpatient rehabilitation units and facilities. @entity1 : @entity1 (N=145,460) with @entity64 discharged from inpatient rehabilitation from 2006 through 2009. INTERVENTION: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cognitive and motor functional status at discharge measured by items in the @entity25266 Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility- @entity1 Assessment Instrument. RESULTS: Variation profiles indicated that 19.1% of rehabilitation facilities were significantly below the mean functional status rating (mean    SD, 81.58  22.30), with 221 facilities (18.3%) above the mean. Total discharge functional status ratings varied by 3.57 points across regions. Across facilities, functional status values varied by 29.2 points, with a 9.1-point difference between the top and bottom deciles. Variation in discharge motor function attributable to HRR was reduced by 82% after controlling for cluster effects at the facility level. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that variation in motor and cognitive function at discharge after postacute rehabilitation in @entity1 with @entity64 is accounted for more by facility than geographic location.

title: Geographic and Facility Variation in Inpatient XXXX Rehabilitation: Multilevel Analysis of Functional Status.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the incidence, predictors, clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of @entity884 ( @entity884 ) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). METHODS AND RESULTS: This multicenter registry included 53 @entity1 (mean age, 79  8 years; @entity1 , 57%) who suffered @entity884 after TAVI of 7944 @entity1 after a mean follow-up of 1.1  1.2 years (incidence, 0.67%, 0.50% within the first year after TAVI). Mean time from TAVI was 6 months (interquartile range, 1-14 months). Orotracheal intubation (hazard ratio, 3.87; 95% confidence interval, 1.55-9.64; P=0.004) and the self-expandable CoreValve system (hazard ratio, 3.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.37-7.14; P=0.007) were associated with @entity884 (multivariate analysis including 3067 @entity1 with individual data). The most frequent causal microorganisms were coagulase-negative staphylococci (24%), followed by @entity794 (21%) and enterococci (21%). @entity47 were present in 77% of @entity1 (transcatheter valve leaflets, 39%; stent frame, 17%; mitral valve, 21%). At least 1 complication of @entity884 occurred in 87% of @entity1 ( @entity712 in 68%). However, only 11% of @entity1 underwent valve intervention (valve explantation and valve-in-valve procedure in 4 and 2 @entity1 , respectively). The mortality rate in hospital was 47.2% and increased to 66% at the 1-year follow-up. @entity884 complications such as @entity712 (P=0.037) and @entity326 (P=0.002) were associated with increased in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of @entity884 at 1 year after TAVI was 0.50%, and the risk increased with the use of orotracheal intubation and a self-expandable valve system. Staphylococci and enterococci were the most common agents. Although most @entity1 presented at least 1 complication of @entity884 , valve intervention was performed in a minority of @entity1 , and nearly half of the @entity1 died during the hospitalization period.

title: XXXX after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: results from a large multicenter registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity47 :: ('MESH:D018458', 'Disease') :: ['Vegetations']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['IE', 'infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity884 :: (MESH:D004696,Disease) :: ['Infective endocarditis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity261 ( @entity261 ) is a @entity395 most often caused by mutations in different genes. It is characterized by hypocalcaemia with inappropriately low @entity461 levels. Knowledge about this group of @entity1 , including their mortality and morbidity, is very sparse. The aim was to identify all @entity1 diagnosed with nonsurgical @entity261 in Denmark and assess their mortality and risk of complications. Through registers and review of individual @entity1 hospital charts we identified all @entity1 diagnosed with nonsurgical @entity261 in Denmark between 1977 and 2012. We assessed their mortality and morbidity by comparing them with a group of age- and gender-matched population-based controls. We identified a total of 180 @entity1 with nonsurgical @entity261 among whom 123 (68%) were alive at the date of follow-up (prevalence of 2.3/100,000 inhabitants). Compared with controls, mortality was not increased, but @entity1 had a significantly increased risk of @entity177 (hazard ratio [HR] 6.01), cardiovascular diseases (HR 1.91), neuropsychiatric complications (HR 2.45), infections (HR 1.94), seizures (HR 10.05), @entity231 (HR 4.21), and @entity174 at the upper extremities (HR 1.93). In contrast @entity1 had significantly reduced risk of malignant diseases (HR 0.44). In conclusion, nonsurgical @entity261 is a rare disease associated with a number of complications that should be considered when taking care of these @entity1 .    2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

title: The Epidemiology of Nonsurgical XXXX in Denmark: A Nationwide Case Finding Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity261 :: ('MESH:D007011', 'Disease') :: ['Nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism', 'HypoPT']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disorder']

answer: @entity261 :: (MESH:D007011,Disease) :: ['Hypoparathyroidism']


abstract: Influence of the Dietary level of @entity15854 on the @entity71585 utritional Status of the Lactating @entity35 and the litter. Seven Groups of female @entity35 which had given birth to the litters of 8 youngs (or litters adjusted to 8 youngs) were fed diets containing respectively 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 mg/kg of @entity15854 . Eighteen days after littering, the @entity15854 content was measured in female tissues (blood, liver, carcass) or in those of the youngs (liver, carcass). Besides, the @entity15854 content in the stomach of the youngs was measured, 3, 7 and 14 days after birth. 1. In the females there are linear or cubic relationships between the @entity15854 content in the tissues and the log-concentration of the vitamin in the diet. In the liver and the carcass, it seems that the vitamin level in the tissues reaches a plateau when the dietary level is below 1 mg/kg or above 16 mg/kg. 2. On day 7th or 14th the gastric vitamin content (milk) in the youngs gradually increases, as the dietary @entity2221 supply does, and especially on day 14th when the dietary level of @entity15854 is 2 mg/kg or higher. 3. In the youngs, the organ @entity15854 contents markedly increase when the dietary supply rises from 1 to 8 mg/kg. Below 1 mg/kg and beyond 8 mg/kg there is a plateau. 4. These results suggest that the @entity15854 fixation in the offspring tissues occurs prior to the fixation in the lactating mother. The priority would be proved by the fast increase of the milk content in @entity15854 during the 2nd week when the vitamin dietary supply rises.

title: [Vitamin B1 nutritional status of the lactating XXXX and her litter as a function of the dietary level of thiamine].

entities_list: @entity15854 :: ('CHEBI:33283', 'Chemical') :: ['thiamin', 'Thiamin']

entities_list: @entity2221 :: ('CHEBI:33229', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin']

entities_list: @entity71585 :: ('CHEBI:17460', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin N']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Present limitations in primary and secondary prevention of @entity6 mean that many @entity1 with @entity6 present with advanced retinal complications, often requiring surgery (vitrectomy). OBJECTIVES: To determine the outcomes of vitrectomy for advanced @entity6 and to examine context-specific risk factors that may influence outcomes and decisions affecting resource allocation. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of 124 vitrectomies with up to 6 months' follow-up. RESULTS: Visual acuity was 6/60 or worse in the better eye in 23.4% of @entity1 at presentation. The mean visual acuity of the listed eye was 2/60. The fellow eye was considered inoperable in 20.2% of cases. Visual function declined significantly in 26.2% of @entity1 while awaiting surgery. The average waiting time until surgery was 2.9 months (range 1 day - 9 months). Epiretinal membranes were present in 93.6% of cases, and posterior iatrogenic breaks occurred in 49.2%. Silicone oil was used in 24.2%. Visual acuity improved in 54.9%, was unchanged in 30.1%, and worsened in 14.0% of cases at 6 months. @entity1 with poorer vision at surgery were more likely to improve (odds ratio 2.15; p=0.048). Factors associated with a worse visual outcome were increased age at surgery (p=0.042) and posterior iatrogenic @entity937 (p=0.007). @entity8 was not associated with worse visual outcomes. CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy improved or stabilised vision in 85.0% of cases, although outcomes were unpredictable. A long waiting time to surgery contributed to @entity1 morbidity. The presence of @entity8 did not predict poorer visual outcomes.

title: Outcomes of vitrectomy for advanced XXXX at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction', 'Renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity937 :: ('MESH:D012167', 'Disease') :: ['retinal breaks']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetic retinopathy']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic retinopathy']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. PURPOSE: The treatment of @entity179 ( @entity179 ) with two-level fusion has been associated with a reasonable rate of complications. The aim of the present study was to compare (Hybrid) stand-alone @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) at L5/S1 with total disc replacement at L4/5 (TDR) as an alternative surgical strategy to (Fusion) 2-level circumferential fusion employing @entity2649 ( @entity2649 ) with transpedicular stabilization at L4-S1. METHODS: A total of 62 @entity1 with symptomatic @entity179 of segments L5/S1 (Modic >= 2  ) and L4/5 (Modic  <=2  ; positive discography) were enrolled; 31 were treated with Hybrid and 31 with Fusion. Preoperatively, at 0, 12, and a mean follow-up of 37  months, clinical (ODI, VAS) and radiological evaluations (plain/extension-flexion radiographs evaluated for implant failure, fusion, global and segmental @entity1515 , and ROM) were performed. RESULTS: In 26 of 31 Hybrid and 24 of 31 Fusion @entity1 available at the final follow-up, we found a significant clinical improvement compared to preoperatively. Hybrid @entity1 had significantly lower VAS scores immediately postoperatively and at follow-up compared to Fusion @entity1 . The complication rates were low and similar between the groups. Lumbar @entity1515 increased in both groups. The increase was mainly located at L4-S1 in the Hybrid group and at L1-L4 in the Fusion group. Hybrid @entity1 presented with increased ROM at L4/5 and L3/4, and Fusion @entity1 presented with increased ROM at L3/4, with significantly greater ROM at L3/4 compared to Hybrid @entity1 at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Hybrid surgery is a viable surgical alternative for the presented indication. Approach-related inferior @entity130 and the balanced @entity1515 resulted in superior clinical outcomes compared to two-level circumferential fusion with @entity2649 .

title: @entity1347 and total disc replacement versus 2-level circumferential fusion with XXXX : a prospective, randomized, clinical and radiological trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['TLIF', 'transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['anterior lumbar interbody fusion', 'ALIF']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lordosis', 'restoration of lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative disc disease', 'DDD']

answer: @entity2649 :: (MESH:C563613,Disease) :: ['TLIF']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. PURPOSE: The treatment of @entity179 ( @entity179 ) with two-level fusion has been associated with a reasonable rate of complications. The aim of the present study was to compare (Hybrid) stand-alone @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) at L5/S1 with total disc replacement at L4/5 (TDR) as an alternative surgical strategy to (Fusion) 2-level circumferential fusion employing @entity2649 ( @entity2649 ) with transpedicular stabilization at L4-S1. METHODS: A total of 62 @entity1 with symptomatic @entity179 of segments L5/S1 (Modic >= 2  ) and L4/5 (Modic  <=2  ; positive discography) were enrolled; 31 were treated with Hybrid and 31 with Fusion. Preoperatively, at 0, 12, and a mean follow-up of 37  months, clinical (ODI, VAS) and radiological evaluations (plain/extension-flexion radiographs evaluated for implant failure, fusion, global and segmental @entity1515 , and ROM) were performed. RESULTS: In 26 of 31 Hybrid and 24 of 31 Fusion @entity1 available at the final follow-up, we found a significant clinical improvement compared to preoperatively. Hybrid @entity1 had significantly lower VAS scores immediately postoperatively and at follow-up compared to Fusion @entity1 . The complication rates were low and similar between the groups. Lumbar @entity1515 increased in both groups. The increase was mainly located at L4-S1 in the Hybrid group and at L1-L4 in the Fusion group. Hybrid @entity1 presented with increased ROM at L4/5 and L3/4, and Fusion @entity1 presented with increased ROM at L3/4, with significantly greater ROM at L3/4 compared to Hybrid @entity1 at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Hybrid surgery is a viable surgical alternative for the presented indication. Approach-related inferior @entity130 and the balanced @entity1515 resulted in superior clinical outcomes compared to two-level circumferential fusion with @entity2649 .

title: XXXX and total disc replacement versus 2-level circumferential fusion with @entity2649 : a prospective, randomized, clinical and radiological trial.

answer: @entity1347 :: (MESH:C537775,Disease) :: ['ALIF']


abstract: Sixteen socially phobic outpatients underwent a 4-week course of social skills training that attempted to maximize rehearsal in real-life settings. The therapy was largely conducted by nonprofessional volunteers after a 2-hour training workshop. It consisted of multiple role-played practice in the clinic, followed immediately by rehearsal in a real-life setting in the company of a nonprofessional therapist and a fellow @entity1 . Subsequently, @entity1 were randomly paired to perform further rehearsals between sessions. Drug therapy was controlled by double blind assignment to @entity1169 or inert placebo throughout the course of treatment. Measures of specific fears, generalized social @entity148 , self-image, and global tension and @entity148 were administered 1 month before treatment, immediately before and after treatment, and at 6 months follow-up. During a 4-week drug-free period prior to active treatment no improvement was noted on any measures. After the 4-week treatment period significant improvement had occurred on all outcome measures. @entity1169 and placebo subgroups showed very similar results. Treatment gains were sustained at follow-up. It was concluded that repeated behavior rehearsal, both in the clinic and in real life is a cost-effective treatment procedure for many @entity913 . The approach is straightforward and can be applied by nonprofessionals, including the @entity1 themselves, after limited training and with minimal supervision.

title: The treatment of XXXX . Real-life rehearsal with nonprofessional therapists.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity913 :: ('MESH:D010698', 'Disease') :: ['social phobias']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol', 'Propranolol']

answer: @entity913 :: (MESH:D010698,Disease) :: ['social phobia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Current @entity135 ( @entity135 ) screening recommendations in preterm @entity1 often include a repeat @entity135 , regardless of initial findings. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of subsequent severe @entity548 ( @entity548 ), @entity1276 ( @entity1276 ), or @entity5719 ( @entity5719 ) among @entity1   <   30 weeks gestation (EGA) with a normal @entity135 at day of life (DOL) 4-10. METHODS: Retrospectively collected data were analyzed for all @entity1   <   30 weeks EGA cared for in one NICU from 1 January 2010 to 31 August 2014. @entity1 with severe @entity154 were excluded. We reviewed the first three @entity11849 and last documented @entity135 . Severe @entity548 was defined as   >   Papile grade 2 and significant interval @entity135 change was defined as development of severe @entity548 , @entity5719 , or @entity1276 . RESULTS: Of the 383 @entity1 who had an initial screening @entity135 between DOL 4 and 10, 258 (67%) were initially normal and repeat screening was performed in 228 of these. None developed severe @entity548 on follow-up @entity135 . One @entity1 developed @entity1276 secondary to @entity693 , and one developed echogenicity concerning for @entity5719 that later resolved. CONCLUSIONS: Among very preterm @entity1 with a normal @entity135 between DOL 4 and 10, routine follow-up @entity135 is unlikely to identify a significant change.

title: Do normal head ultrasounds need repeating in XXXX less than 30 weeks gestation?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head ultrasound', 'HUS']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['ventriculomegaly', 'VM']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage', 'IVH']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['GBS meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5719 :: ('MESH:D007969', 'Disease') :: ['PVL', 'periventricular leukomalacia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: In a consecutive series of 219 @entity1 with a @entity1756 of the anterior part of the circle of Willis, 119 @entity1 (54%) made a good recovery and 67 (31%) died. Of 53 @entity1 who did not have surgery, six (11%) made a good recovery and 37 (70%) died. Urgent surgery with evacuation of an associated significant @entity1779 was performed in 30 @entity1 ; nine (30%) made a good recovery and 15 (50%) died. Delayed surgery was performed in 55 @entity1 of whom 42 (76%) made a good recovery and two (4%) died. Early intracranial operation (within 48 to 60 hours after @entity510 ( @entity510 )) was performed in 81 @entity1 who were in Grades I to III prior to surgery. Sixty @entity1 (74%) made a good recovery, and eight died within a month. Five @entity1 were severely disabled and died 2 to 8 months after @entity510 and surgery. In 17 @entity1 , although the immediate postoperative course was uneventful, evidence of @entity2806 developed 4 to 13 days after the bleed and resulted in @entity204 in eight @entity1 . A poor outcome was correlated with a history of elevated blood pressure before @entity510 . Seven @entity1 , of whom six were @entity1 of @entity1 -bearing age, demonstrated pronounced @entity2553 on postoperative angiography; nevertheless, they remained well and free from @entity63 symptoms after surgery. Early operation combined with removal of @entity510 and rinsing the basal cisterns does not eliminate the risk of delayed @entity2806 . Such early surgery, however, improves overall outcome by preventing recurrent @entity548 , and may also reduce the frequency of @entity1276 .

title: Results of early operations for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic dysfunction', 'cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage', 'subarachnoid clots']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hematoma']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysm']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['ruptured aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to define the most appropriate management of the @entity1567 ( @entity1567 ) in young adults. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on @entity1 with @entity1567 <30 years old. The data collected included initial treatment, @entity5 margins, reconstruction, and follow-up. @entity1 evaluated speech, chewing, swallowing, and facial appearance after definitive treatment. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity1 were identified with recurrent solid/multicystic disease requiring further treatment. Definitive treatment involved segmental mandibulectomy and reconstruction with free fibular flap in all @entity1 . Seven @entity1 had immediate reconstruction (group A) and 6 had secondary (group B). Mandibular resection was planned at least 2 cm beyond the radiological limit, free margins were achieved in all @entity1 , and all flaps were transplanted successfully. In group A, functional score was 13.7    0.45 and facial appearance score was 4.5    0.49, whereas in group B were 11.16    0.37 and 3.3    0.5, respectively (both p < .05). CONCLUSION: Aggressive resection of the @entity1567 and immediate reconstruction is strongly advised.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1947-E1954, 2016.

title: Recurrent XXXX in young adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1567 :: ('MESH:D000564', 'Disease') :: ['GMA', 'giant mandibular ameloblastoma']

answer: @entity1567 :: (MESH:D000564,Disease) :: ['giant mandibular ameloblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recent reviews on the sentinel lymph node (SLN) procedure in cervical @entity5 have shown that bilateral SLN detection and ultra staging are safe and superior options compared to a unilateral detection, frozen section and H_E analysis. So far, nobody identified a subgroup of @entity1 in whom a SLN procedure may replace pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND). METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane from inception up to November 26, 2014. Studies reporting SLN detection, and/or histological outcome of the SLN were included. Methodological quality was assessed with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool by two independent reviewers. Data to complete 2*2 contingency tables were obtained, and @entity1 -, study- and technique characteristics were extracted. Results were pooled and plotted in forest plots. RESULTS: Forty-seven studies (4130 @entity1 ) were analyzed. Pooled data of diagnostic accuracy on ultra staging (18 studies; 1275 @entity1 ) showed a sensitivity of 94% (95% CI 80-99%) and negative predictive values ranging between 91 and 100%. After ultra staging, 19 false negative results remained. Prerequisites such as early FIGO stage ( @entity9217 , @entity3846 , IIA @entity5 size <40mm), no suspicious pre-, and per-operative lymph nodes, and bilateral negative SLNs after ultra staging resulted in 1 remaining false negative result among 1257 @entity1 (0.08%). Pooled data on a combined tracer in early @entity5 @entity1 with @entity5 size <20mm (6 studies; 276 @entity1 ) resulted in 87% bilateral SLN detection. CONCLUSIONS: Early @entity5 @entity1 (FIGO @entity9217 , @entity3846 , IIA @entity5 size <40mm) who have no suspicious pre-, and per-operative lymph nodes, and have bilateral negative SLNs after ultra staging, have a residual risk of 0.08% (1/1257) on occult metastases. On the basis of these results we recommend not to perform a full PLND in these @entity1 .

title: The sentinel node procedure in early XXXX , taking the next step; a diagnostic review.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'stage cervical cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage cervical cancer']


abstract: Currently there is no predictor for survival after adjuvant @entity2857 in @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) who have undergone curative resection. Thirty-eight @entity1 who underwent curative resection of @entity157 received adjuvant @entity2857 therapy between August 2009 and March 2012. Clinicopathological parameters including @entity1 factors, @entity5 factors, liver background, and inflammatory factors (before surgery and dynamic changes after @entity2857 therapy) were evaluated to identify predictors for @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). The recurrence rate, mortality rate, and clinicopathological data were also compared. Increased NLR after @entity2857 (HR  =  3.199, 95  % CI 1.365-7.545, P  =  0.008), increased GGT after @entity2857 (HR  =  3.204, 95  % CI 1.333-7.700, P  =  0.009), and the presence of @entity715 (HR  =  2.381, 95  % CI 1.064-5.328, P  =  0.035) were risk factors related to @entity1349 . By contrast, increased NLR after @entity2857 was the only independent risk factor related to @entity1349 (HR  =  4.647, 95  % CI 1.266-17.053, P  =  0.021). @entity1 with increased NLR or increased GGT after @entity2857 had a higher incidence of recurrence and @entity204 . @entity1 who had increased NLR tended to have higher preoperative levels of NLR and GGT. There were no differences in clinicopathological factors in @entity1 with increased GGT and decreased GGT. In conclusion, increased NLR predicted a worse @entity1349 and @entity1349 in @entity1 with @entity157 who underwent curative resection with adjuvant @entity2857 therapy. Increased GGT predicted a worse @entity1349 . NLR and GGT can be monitored dynamically before and after @entity2857 therapy.

title: Adjuvant @entity2857 therapy in XXXX with resected @entity157 : evaluation of predictive factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['portal vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'RFS', 'recurrence-free survival', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']