abstract: OBJECTIVE: Medically unexplained symptoms (MUSs) are a humanitarian and economic burden. Among them, @entity158 complaints without organic pathology are the most prevalent. Theoretically, activated illness-related memory may cause reporting of symptoms by changing perception and interpretation of bodily signals to the extent that they are not tolerated and become complaints. We tested whether activating illness-related memory without conscious awareness leads to @entity158 (PT). METHODS: Activation of illness-related memory without conscious awareness was manipulated by a subliminal priming technique. Eighty @entity1 were randomly assigned to four conditions, with prime words describing either (a) health complaints (HCs), to activate an illness-related memory, or three control categories: (b) neutral content, (c) general bodily sensations, and (d) negative valence. The latter two conditions were added to test the alternative hypotheses that reduced PT could be observed with the semantic activation of these two components of HCs. We measured PT using a cold pressor task. RESULTS: @entity1 who were subliminally primed with HC words reported lower PT compared with @entity1 who were primed with neutral words. Priming with the other words did not lead to significantly different effects relative to priming with neutral words. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that PT can be involuntarily decreased by activating illness-related memory. This implies partial evidence for a crucial element of a cognitive model of medically unexplained symptoms, which holds that chronically activated illness-related memory causes the development of somatic complaints without observable bodily pathology.

title: Decreasing XXXX tolerance outside of awareness.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'decreased pain tolerance']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity66 are responsible for a large proportion of @entity204 in the world. Among survivors, the majority of limiting sequelae observed is motor in origin; but when sensorial pathways or centers are affected @entity1 can evolve with sensorial changes in the body region represented by the area of the brain affected. When the affected area is related to the thalamus the @entity1 might develop @entity9479 . The objective of this report was to demonstrate the use of electroacupuncture as adjuvant in the treatment of central @entity158 , diagnosed as @entity9479 difficult to control with pharmacologic therapy. CASE REPORT: This is a 46 year-old female with history of @entity385 in the left temporoparietal region in April 2003 that evolved to right @entity1269 and hemitaxia. One year later, the @entity1 developed continuous, insidious @entity158 on the right side of the body with @entity1931 and hyperalgia, diagnosed as @entity9479 . In January 2006, she was admitted to the department of @entity158 therapy and palliative care of Santa @entity13389 de Miseric  rdia de S  o Paulo where pharmacologic treatment was instituted with poor response; she was scheduled for neurofunctional surgery. In July 2009, electroacupuncture, in an attempt to obtain @entity158 control, was proposed to the @entity1 . Electroacupuncture was done on points in the scalp. After the 11(th) session, her @entity158 was controlled, with no use of opioids or topical @entity3659 , her well-being had increased, her motor coordination improved, she presented @entity158 reduction, complete in hand and face. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of electroacupuncture in @entity158 control and well-being are in agreement with modern studies which demonstrated activation of antinociceptive pathways in the brain. Controlled prospective studies are required to reaffirm and consolidate electroacupuncture as an important technique in controlling central @entity158 .

title: Acupuncture as adjuvant therapy in XXXX : case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebrovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity9479 :: ('MESH:D013786', 'Disease') :: ['thalamic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['global pain', 'better pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity9479 :: (MESH:D013786,Disease) :: ['thalamic syndrome']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic sinus surgery is a common procedure performed by otolaryngologists. This study evaluated the efficacy of intravenous (IV) @entity927 (TA) on @entity548 in @entity1 undergoing elective @entity50 ( @entity50 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was performed in 170 @entity1 scheduled for @entity50 surgery under general anesthesia in order to examine the effects of IV TA on providing a bloodless surgical field and to evaluate the amount of @entity548 . One hundred @entity1 received intravenous TA and 70 @entity1 received placebo. @entity548 was estimated by the attending anesthesiologist at the end of surgery by accounting for @entity190 and irrigation fluid in a 25 mL-graded suction canister and nasopharyngeal packing (measured weight of packing on the electronic scale). Hemodynamic variables were monitored and coagulation profile was determined. RESULTS: A total of 170 @entity1 (90 male [53%] and 80 female [47%]), mean age 30.54  4.14 years, were evaluated. There was a significantly lower @entity548 volume in the TA group than in the placebo group (107.7  45.1 vs. 189.3  51 mL; P<0.001). There was no significant difference between pre- and postoperative hematocrit (38.81   4.20 vs. 36.60   3.35) or pre- and postoperative hemoglobin (12.51   2.5 vs. 11.64  1.9) levels in the TA group (P>0.05). Moreover, the difference between the TA and control groups regarding postoperative hematocrit (34.65  4.45 vs. 36.60  3.35) and hemoglobin (10.81  2.1vs. 11.64  1.9) levels was not significant (P>0.05). Vomiting and @entity390 in the control group was greater than in the control group, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). We did not detect significant coagulation alterations in the TA group. CONCLUSION: TA significantly decreased @entity548 without increasing side effects such as alteration in coagulation parameters, hemodynamic changes, and @entity391 and @entity390 . Use of TA can avoid the need for antihypertensive agents to reduce @entity190 in @entity50 .

title: Impact of Intravenous @entity927 on XXXX During Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Intraoperative hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss', 'loss of blood']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['tranexamic acid']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['ESS', 'endoscopic sinus surgery']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['Hemorrhage']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic sinus surgery is a common procedure performed by otolaryngologists. This study evaluated the efficacy of intravenous (IV) @entity927 (TA) on @entity548 in @entity1 undergoing elective @entity50 ( @entity50 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was performed in 170 @entity1 scheduled for @entity50 surgery under general anesthesia in order to examine the effects of IV TA on providing a bloodless surgical field and to evaluate the amount of @entity548 . One hundred @entity1 received intravenous TA and 70 @entity1 received placebo. @entity548 was estimated by the attending anesthesiologist at the end of surgery by accounting for @entity190 and irrigation fluid in a 25 mL-graded suction canister and nasopharyngeal packing (measured weight of packing on the electronic scale). Hemodynamic variables were monitored and coagulation profile was determined. RESULTS: A total of 170 @entity1 (90 male [53%] and 80 female [47%]), mean age 30.54  4.14 years, were evaluated. There was a significantly lower @entity548 volume in the TA group than in the placebo group (107.7  45.1 vs. 189.3  51 mL; P<0.001). There was no significant difference between pre- and postoperative hematocrit (38.81   4.20 vs. 36.60   3.35) or pre- and postoperative hemoglobin (12.51   2.5 vs. 11.64  1.9) levels in the TA group (P>0.05). Moreover, the difference between the TA and control groups regarding postoperative hematocrit (34.65  4.45 vs. 36.60  3.35) and hemoglobin (10.81  2.1vs. 11.64  1.9) levels was not significant (P>0.05). Vomiting and @entity390 in the control group was greater than in the control group, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). We did not detect significant coagulation alterations in the TA group. CONCLUSION: TA significantly decreased @entity548 without increasing side effects such as alteration in coagulation parameters, hemodynamic changes, and @entity391 and @entity390 . Use of TA can avoid the need for antihypertensive agents to reduce @entity190 in @entity50 .

title: Impact of Intravenous XXXX on @entity548 During Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

answer: @entity927 :: (MESH:D014148,Chemical) :: ['Tranexamic Acid']


abstract: PURPOSE: Mid urethral sling procedures have become the surgical treatment of choice for female stress urinary @entity322 . Innovative modifications of mid urethral sling procedures were recently introduced with the claim of offering similar efficacy and decreased morbidity. We compared the efficacy and morbidity of an innovative single incision mid urethral tape and an established transobturator procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a prospective, randomized, controlled trial in 6 teaching hospitals in Belgium and The Netherlands between 2007 and 2009. A total of 96 @entity1 received a TVT Secur    single incision sling and 98 received a TVT    Obturator System. We collected data on @entity1 characteristics, surgery related parameters, adverse events, clinical followup, Urogenital Distress Inventory and SF-36   scores, validated questionnaires on daily life activities and visual analog scores objectifying @entity158 . Followup was 1 year. RESULTS: One-year followup was available for 75 single incision sling and 85 obturator system cases. Stress urinary @entity322 could be objectified in 16.4% of the @entity1 with a single incision sling and in 2.4% with an obturator system (p <0.05). Stress urinary @entity322 was subjectively reported by 24% of single incision sling and 8% of obturator system @entity1 (p <0.05). One year after surgery the mean    SD UDI @entity322 domain score in the single incision sling and obturator system groups was 21    24 and 13    21, respectively (p <0.01). @entity1 with a single incision sling experienced significantly less @entity158 during the first 2 weeks after surgery (p <0.05) and returned significantly earlier to normal daily activity. The OR of re-intervention for stress urinary @entity322 1 year after receiving a single incision sling vs an obturator system was 2.3 (95% CI 1.9-2.7). CONCLUSIONS: The single incision sling procedure is associated with less @entity282 and a lower objective cure rate than the obturator system procedure.

title: A randomized, controlled trial comparing an innovative single incision sling with an established transobturator sling to treat female stress urinary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To discover if intensive monitoring of wrist extension would produce consistent recovery curves during the subacute period, and whether any impact of additional physiotherapy could be detected. We also investigated improved approaches to statistical analysis in single-case experiments. DESIGN: A randomized multiple-baseline experiment with very frequent assessment. SETTING: @entity64 rehabilitation unit. SUBJECTS: Four @entity1 with some active wrist movement less than seven weeks after @entity64 . INTERVENTIONS: Wrist extension was measured twice daily with an electrogoniometer for 3-4 weeks. Additional upper limb physiotherapy 115 minutes, twice per day) commenced after a randomly determined period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Speed and range of wrist movement. RESULTS: A logarithmic function was fitted to the data to produce recovery curves. In all cases, active range and maximum velocity of wrist extension rose gradually over time. Mean variability in range was <5%, but with occasional outliers. Range of passive movement decreased in two cases in association with @entity158 and increased tone. There were no large improvements coinciding with additional physiotherapy but autoregression analysis indicated statistically significant changes in three cases. A randomization test confirmed an increase in active range associated with additional physiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive electrogoniometry provided a detailed recovery pattern for each of these @entity1 . The data were surprisingly consistent over time, showing that it is feasible to use a time-series approach to investigate subacute recovery. Changes associated with additional physiotherapy were observed on some measures, demonstrating the potential of this approach for exploratory evaluation of interventions.

title: Intensive, time-series measurement of upper limb recovery in the subacute phase following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: Overexpression of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 has been linked to @entity1468 and is thought to be secondary to @entity2431 caused by @entity519 . Villous hypermaturity, characterized by presence of increased syncytial knots, has been associated with syndromes of @entity2431 , particularly when severe. This study was undertaken to determine whether there is a link between soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 expression, @entity5493 , and clinical severity of @entity1468 . We conducted a retrospective cohort study in which 48 placentas were selected from pathology archives ( @entity101 group). Of these, 6 had chronic @entity101 , 15 had mild @entity1468 , 14 had severe @entity1468 , and 13 had @entity2142 , elevated liver enzymes, and @entity1423 . These were compared with 55 placentas from normotensive @entity1 (control group). One representative section of placental parenchyma from each case was stained with an antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and given a score based on extent and intensity of staining, representing expression level. Assignment of staining score was done, blinded to clinical history and pathologic diagnosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 staining was seen in placental syncytiotrophoblasts and was particularly strong in syncytial knots. There was a positive association between vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 staining score and severity of clinical @entity101 state, small placental size, and @entity5493 . The association between vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 score and small placentas did not persist after controlling for hypermaturity. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 overexpression in the placenta strongly correlates with both severity of @entity101 and @entity5493 . The correlation with @entity5493 further links @entity519 to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 production in the placenta.

title: Placental expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 correlates with severity of clinical XXXX and @entity5493 .

entities_list: @entity5493 :: ('MESH:D018253', 'Disease') :: ['villous hypermaturity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive disease', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['low platelets syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity2431 :: ('MESH:D010927', 'Disease') :: ['placental insufficiency']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: Overexpression of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 has been linked to @entity1468 and is thought to be secondary to @entity2431 caused by @entity519 . Villous hypermaturity, characterized by presence of increased syncytial knots, has been associated with syndromes of @entity2431 , particularly when severe. This study was undertaken to determine whether there is a link between soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 expression, @entity5493 , and clinical severity of @entity1468 . We conducted a retrospective cohort study in which 48 placentas were selected from pathology archives ( @entity101 group). Of these, 6 had chronic @entity101 , 15 had mild @entity1468 , 14 had severe @entity1468 , and 13 had @entity2142 , elevated liver enzymes, and @entity1423 . These were compared with 55 placentas from normotensive @entity1 (control group). One representative section of placental parenchyma from each case was stained with an antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and given a score based on extent and intensity of staining, representing expression level. Assignment of staining score was done, blinded to clinical history and pathologic diagnosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 staining was seen in placental syncytiotrophoblasts and was particularly strong in syncytial knots. There was a positive association between vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 staining score and severity of clinical @entity101 state, small placental size, and @entity5493 . The association between vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 score and small placentas did not persist after controlling for hypermaturity. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 overexpression in the placenta strongly correlates with both severity of @entity101 and @entity5493 . The correlation with @entity5493 further links @entity519 to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 production in the placenta.

title: Placental expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 correlates with severity of clinical @entity1468 and XXXX .

answer: @entity5493 :: (MESH:D018253,Disease) :: ['villous hypermaturity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of physical exercise shortly after an acute episode of dermato/ @entity6558 ( @entity3918 /PM). DESIGN: Pilot study of a descriptive nature. SETTING: Rehabilitation unit of a large general hospital. SUBJECTS: Ten @entity1 2-3 weeks after an acute phase of @entity3918 /PM (early recovery group) and 11 @entity1 in the inactive stage of @entity3918 /PM for at least three months (chronic stage group). INTERVENTIONS: Isotonic muscle training consisted of several series of different repeated movements at 65-70% of individual maximal repetition limit. Special training was applied for the respiratory muscles. Relaxing baths, mud packs and massages were also applied. OUTCOME MEASURES: Dynamometer and spirometer were used for measuring the changes in muscle strength and respiratory function. Disability tests were done before and after therapy. RESULTS: No disease relapses or decreases in muscle function were seen. In the early recovery group, the average muscle strength improvement was 17 +/- 31 % (p > 0.05) in the proximal muscles and 37 +/- 23% (p < 0.05) in the distal muscles, while the vital capacity also increased by 17 +/- 21% (p < 0.05). In the chronic stage group the average improvement in muscle strength was 46 +/- 34% (p < 0.05) in the proximal muscles and 37 +/- 29% (p < 0.05) in the distal muscles. By the end of the therapy both groups showed improvements in disability tests (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Physical training started 2-3 weeks following an acute exacerbation of the disease seems to be useful and safe. Some improvement in muscle strength and respiratory function can be obtained, @entity2057 due to inactivity may be partially prevented and the level of disability can be decreased.

title: The effect of physical exercise following acute disease exacerbation in @entity1 with dermato/ XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity6558 :: ('MESH:D017285', 'Disease') :: ['polymyositis']

answer: @entity6558 :: (MESH:D017285,Disease) :: ['polymyositis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of physical exercise shortly after an acute episode of dermato/ @entity6558 ( @entity3918 /PM). DESIGN: Pilot study of a descriptive nature. SETTING: Rehabilitation unit of a large general hospital. SUBJECTS: Ten @entity1 2-3 weeks after an acute phase of @entity3918 /PM (early recovery group) and 11 @entity1 in the inactive stage of @entity3918 /PM for at least three months (chronic stage group). INTERVENTIONS: Isotonic muscle training consisted of several series of different repeated movements at 65-70% of individual maximal repetition limit. Special training was applied for the respiratory muscles. Relaxing baths, mud packs and massages were also applied. OUTCOME MEASURES: Dynamometer and spirometer were used for measuring the changes in muscle strength and respiratory function. Disability tests were done before and after therapy. RESULTS: No disease relapses or decreases in muscle function were seen. In the early recovery group, the average muscle strength improvement was 17 +/- 31 % (p > 0.05) in the proximal muscles and 37 +/- 23% (p < 0.05) in the distal muscles, while the vital capacity also increased by 17 +/- 21% (p < 0.05). In the chronic stage group the average improvement in muscle strength was 46 +/- 34% (p < 0.05) in the proximal muscles and 37 +/- 29% (p < 0.05) in the distal muscles. By the end of the therapy both groups showed improvements in disability tests (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Physical training started 2-3 weeks following an acute exacerbation of the disease seems to be useful and safe. Some improvement in muscle strength and respiratory function can be obtained, @entity2057 due to inactivity may be partially prevented and the level of disability can be decreased.

title: The effect of physical exercise following acute disease exacerbation in XXXX with dermato/ @entity6558 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity6437 are lesions characterized by proliferation of fibroblasts/myofibroblasts with variable chronic inflammatory cell infiltration. Recent studies have suggested that @entity6437 with abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells may be a unique entity associated with systemic @entity66 and should be distinguished from other similar lesions such as @entity5 and fibrohistiocytic-type @entity6437 . Localized @entity6437 has been rarely reported in the ureter, and IgG4-associated @entity1698 has not been described. We describe herein 3 cases of ureteral @entity6437 of IgG4-associated lymphoplasmacytic type, focusing on density of IgG4-positive plasma cells; infiltration pattern of eosinophils and histiocytes; presence of obliterative @entity3527 ; and immunohistochemical profiles of smooth muscle actin, @entity706 kinase, and @entity469 . Three @entity1 , 45- and 47-year-old @entity1 and 84-year-old @entity1 , all presented with @entity812 and ureteral narrowing by a mass effect. Microscopic examination of the resected ureters showed suburothelial masslike lesions with fibroblasts/myofibroblasts without atypia, abundant plasma cells, and scattered eosinophils and histiocytes. The lesion of the 47-year-old @entity1 showed obliterative @entity3527 in addition to the above findings. The lesion of the 84-year-old @entity1 was accompanied by @entity189 in situ in the overlying urothelium. Spindle cells were diffusely or focally positive for smooth muscle actin but negative for @entity706 kinase in all 3 cases. For each case, respectively, an average of 154, 112, and 50 plasma cells per high-power fields were immunoreactive for IgG4, a diagnostic feature of IgG4 @entity6437 . We described 3 cases of IgG4-associated @entity1698 with pathologic and immunohistochemical features that are compatible for lymphoplasmacytic type of @entity6437 . Further study is needed to characterize any relationship between this entity and @entity262 and/or urothelial carcinogenesis.

title: IgG4-associated XXXX : clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 3 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'woman', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['IgG4-related sclerosing disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity3527 :: ('MESH:D010689', 'Disease') :: ['phlebitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor']

entities_list: @entity6437 :: ('MESH:D006104', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammatory pseudotumors', 'inflammatory pseudotumor']

entities_list: @entity812 :: ('MESH:D021501', 'Disease') :: ['flank pain']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosing disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1698 :: ('MESH:D014516', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory pseudotumor of ureter']

answer: @entity1698 :: (MESH:D014516,Disease) :: ['inflammatory pseudotumor of ureter']


abstract: Residual @entity73 , such as decreased hip muscle moment and power during walking, have been reported in @entity1 with @entity572 ( @entity572 ). Meanwhile, greater ankle power has also been reported in these @entity1 . We investigated the interaction between hip and @entity3681 during walking to determine the effects of different ankle pushoff instructions on hip biomechanics in @entity1 with @entity572 . Twenty-four @entity1 (age, 60.8  5.5 years) were randomly assigned to walking exercise groups with either decreased pushoff or increased pushoff. @entity1 in the decreased pushoff group and increased pushoff group were given the instructions "push less with your foot when you walk" and "push more with your foot when you walk," respectively. Exercises lasted approximately 10-15 min. A series of gait-related parameters were analyzed during pre-exercise, exercise, and post-exercise session. In the decreased ankle pushoff group, hip flexor power absorption and hip/ankle power ratio were higher during post-exercise than during pre-exercise. An increase in hip power from -9.8% to 32.1% was identified. The effect of increase in the hip power by the decreasing ankle pushoff was higher in the @entity1 with greater ankle pushoff in their natural gaits. The @entity1 in the increased ankle pushoff group showed decreased hip flexion angle and hip muscle moment and power after the walking exercise, although ankle pushoff was not increased. Walking exercise with decreased ankle pushoff may help improve the distribution of muscle power between hip flexors and ankle plantarflexors during walking in @entity1 with @entity572 .

title: Immediate effects of different ankle pushoff instructions during walking exercise on hip kinematics and kinetics in individuals with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['hip impairments']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['THA', 'total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity3681 :: ('MESH:D016512', 'Disease') :: ['ankle joints']

answer: @entity572 :: (MESH:D006617,Disease) :: ['total hip arthroplasty']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of novel biodegradable (BD) stents to treat @entity850 in @entity1 after lung transplantation. METHODS: Twenty BD stents were implanted endoscopically in six @entity1 (median age 41.5 years (range 35-57 years)) with post-transplant bronchial anastomotic stenoses, between 2006 and 2010. All stents were custom-made from bio-absorbable @entity16265 (PDS). The median stent diameter was 12 mm (8-17 mm) and median length was 20mm (12-30 mm). All @entity1 were evaluated clinically, by bronchoscopy and high-definition computed tomography (CT). RESULTS: The @entity850 was initially relieved in all cases. There was no @entity548 , perforation or displacement after BD stent implantation. Four @entity1 needed multiple stenting for anastomotic @entity850 . Median time to any re-stenting was 5 months (2-15 months). There was one @entity944 , 1 year after the last BD stent implantation, from a @entity358 . All five survivors are in good clinical condition up to 4 years' follow-up (median 40 months, range 7-48 months) since first stenting and intervention-free up to 44 months (median 24 months, range 7-44 months). CONCLUSIONS: This small pilot study shows that BD stents are a safe, effective and reliable alternative to classical metallic stents in @entity1 with @entity850 after lung transplantation, and may avoid the need for permanent stenting.

title: Novel biodegradable stents in the treatment of XXXX after lung transplantation.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolus']

entities_list: @entity16265 :: ('CHEBI:61607', 'Chemical') :: ['polydioxanone']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic stenosis', 'bronchial anastomotic stenosis', 're-stenosis', 'stenosis']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['bronchial stenosis']


abstract: The major electrophysiological changes during the first 10 min of @entity741 caused by complete obstruction of a coronary artery are a reduction in membrane potential, a decrease in action potential amplitude and upstroke velocity, and a prolongation of recovery of excitability following an action potential. Conduction velocity in the direction parallel to the long axis of @entity296 ( @entity10389 ) and in the transverse direction (VT) in normal myocardium are in the order of 40 cm/s and 20 cm/s respectively. During @entity63 , conduction velocity decreases and lowest values for @entity10389 are in the order of 20 cm/s, for VT around 10 cm/s, before the ischemic tissue becomes inexcitable. Calculated dimensions of a possible re-entrant circuit in acutely ischemic myocardium (the product of refractory period and conduction velocity) are in the order of 7 to 8 cm. Re-entrant circuits of such dimensions were indeed demonstrated by simultaneous recording of 125 extracellular potentials from the epicardial surface of the ventricles during spontaneously occurring @entity943 after @entity1563 . Previous studies provided evidence that premature ventricular depolarization which initiate re-entry originated in the subendocardium, and the present experiments confirmed this. Destruction of the subendocardium of isolated, Langendorff perfused @entity235 hearts, including the Purkinje system, by intracavitary application of @entity3971 , did not, however, abolish ectopic activity during either @entity63 or reperfusion, although the nature of the @entity943 during @entity63 was different from those in intact hearts. Coupling intervals of ectopic beats were longer in @entity3971 -treated hearts than in intact hearts, but the site of origin of initial ectopic beats leading to @entity1165 could not be determined. Re-entrant circuits with revolution times in the order of 340 to 400 ms accounted for the @entity591 observed in @entity3971 -treated hearts. In contrast to intact hearts, these @entity591 never degenerated into @entity2224 , indicating that an intact Purkinje system may be a necessary requirement for @entity2224 to occur during acute, regional @entity741 .

title: Electrophysiological basis for XXXX caused by @entity63 . Role of the subendocardium.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial fibers']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['slow tachycardias', 'tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: The major electrophysiological changes during the first 10 min of @entity741 caused by complete obstruction of a coronary artery are a reduction in membrane potential, a decrease in action potential amplitude and upstroke velocity, and a prolongation of recovery of excitability following an action potential. Conduction velocity in the direction parallel to the long axis of @entity296 ( @entity10389 ) and in the transverse direction (VT) in normal myocardium are in the order of 40 cm/s and 20 cm/s respectively. During @entity63 , conduction velocity decreases and lowest values for @entity10389 are in the order of 20 cm/s, for VT around 10 cm/s, before the ischemic tissue becomes inexcitable. Calculated dimensions of a possible re-entrant circuit in acutely ischemic myocardium (the product of refractory period and conduction velocity) are in the order of 7 to 8 cm. Re-entrant circuits of such dimensions were indeed demonstrated by simultaneous recording of 125 extracellular potentials from the epicardial surface of the ventricles during spontaneously occurring @entity943 after @entity1563 . Previous studies provided evidence that premature ventricular depolarization which initiate re-entry originated in the subendocardium, and the present experiments confirmed this. Destruction of the subendocardium of isolated, Langendorff perfused @entity235 hearts, including the Purkinje system, by intracavitary application of @entity3971 , did not, however, abolish ectopic activity during either @entity63 or reperfusion, although the nature of the @entity943 during @entity63 was different from those in intact hearts. Coupling intervals of ectopic beats were longer in @entity3971 -treated hearts than in intact hearts, but the site of origin of initial ectopic beats leading to @entity1165 could not be determined. Re-entrant circuits with revolution times in the order of 340 to 400 ms accounted for the @entity591 observed in @entity3971 -treated hearts. In contrast to intact hearts, these @entity591 never degenerated into @entity2224 , indicating that an intact Purkinje system may be a necessary requirement for @entity2224 to occur during acute, regional @entity741 .

title: Electrophysiological basis for @entity943 caused by XXXX . Role of the subendocardium.

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['acute ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The daily @entity1 flow at dental emergency departments is subject to fluctuations. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether meteorological parameters were associated with the number of @entity1 reporting acute @entity158 in the oral cavity. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of all @entity1 presenting with acute oro-dental @entity158 (n=1090) at the dental outpatient clinic in Innsbruck, Austria from January to March 2005. In addition, local weather data were supplied by the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics Austria. After exponential smoothing of both series of observations, linear regression on the number of @entity1 was performed. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed that the acute @entity158 symptoms are not related to the air pressure itself but to the deviation of air pressure. The stronger the daily deviation from the average atmospheric pressure was, the more @entity1 presented with acute @entity158 at the dental emergency department (p=4.2   10(-14)). Our findings implicate that the association of air pressure deviation with variation in @entity1 flow at dental clinics is a consequence of barometric pressure-related @entity158 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that changes in barometric pressure were the reason for the observed initiation and/or exacerbation of the various oral pains observed in the emergency room setting. This association has been considered to be rare, with most reports suggesting this phenomenon primarily affects divers and aircraft personnel. Our data suggests otherwise, by providing clear evidence that atmospheric pressure changes commonly influences @entity158 .

title: Epidemiologic evidence of barometric pressure changes inducing increased reporting of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['oral pain', 'pain', 'painful oral conditions']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['oral pain']


abstract: @entity5746 is usually related to @entity6766 however other possible causes such as reptile exposure are often unrecognised. The aim of this study is to describe a case of @entity5746 related to pet exposure. After a @entity5746 in an eleven month old baby was reported to our public health agency, an epidemiological investigation took place. Despite all family members had had clinical symptoms suggesting @entity5746 none of the microbiological analysis was positive. At the @entity1 's home they had an exotic pet: a turtle. We found out that Salmonella was present in a sample of water of its aquarium. Both profiles of S. parathyphi B (from the @entity1 and from the aquaria samples) were identical. Exotic pets are not often recognized as @entity5746 carriers and vehicles in Europe. As described in this study, an inaccurate hygiene after touching turtles or its habitat can lead to spread @entity5746 in @entity1 . When investigating @entity5746 exposure to exotic pets has to be addressed. @entity1 that have or wish to have a turtle or any other reptile should be informed about its risks. Nursing role is most important in the surveillance and study of such cases.

title: [Salmonella's transmission from turtle to XXXX : public health nursing experience about a new case].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'infant', 'People']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonellosis', 'salmonella infection', 'Salmonella infection']

entities_list: @entity6766 :: ('MESH:D005517', 'Disease') :: ['food poisoning']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity2106 ( @entity2106 ) is a @entity395 with a high mortality rate if untreated or delayed therapy. Whether immediate diagnosis and promptly treated with plasma exchange can change the grave prognosis? METHOD: Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of 13 @entity1 diagnosed and treated during a 6-year period, from August 1994 to August 2000, in a tertiary care university hospital in Taiwan. RESULTS: Among the @entity1 , 8 were males and 5 were females, 10 were idiopathic, 2 were @entity1396 , and 1 was @entity1252 -induced; 12 (92.3%) had @entity16 , 11 (84.6%) had ecchymosis, 8 (61.5%) had @entity221 , and 6 (46.2%) had @entity8 ( @entity1011 > or = 1.5 mg/dL) at initial presentation of the syndrome. Excluding the @entity1252 @entity1 , 6 of 10 (60%) had shown antinuclear antibody (ANA) non-specific positive (titer > or = 1:40). All @entity1 were initially treated with plasma exchange plus @entity230 . Of these 13 @entity1 , 11 (84.6%) achieved complete remission, one had partial remission, and one, which was @entity1396 -induced, had no response and died of a progressive disease complicated with @entity55 . Within a median follow-up period of 31 months, 4 of 11 @entity1 who achieved complete remission relapsed after one week, two weeks, three weeks, and three months, respectively. In the four relapsing @entity1 , three late relapsing @entity1 received FFP infusion, increased @entity134 dosages, added @entity786 plus @entity1891 ; and one early relapsing @entity1 , relapsing twice, received an additional two courses of plasma exchange and added @entity786 plus @entity1891 . All of the four @entity1 achieved complete remission again. The @entity1 who had partial remission relapsed early and responded promptly to another course of plasma exchange plus @entity786 and @entity1891 and achieved complete remission. CONCLUSION: Based on the results in this study, we conclude that plasma exchange plus @entity230 can effectively treat @entity2106 . For @entity1 with a refractory or relapsing disease, immunosuppressive therapy with @entity786 plus @entity1891 should be administered as well.

title: @entity2106 ( @entity2106 ): initial treatment with plasma exchange plus XXXX and immunosuppressive agents for relapsing cases.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity1396 :: ('MESH:D013988', 'Chemical') :: ['ticlopidine']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disorder']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura', 'TTP']

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity2106 ( @entity2106 ) is a @entity395 with a high mortality rate if untreated or delayed therapy. Whether immediate diagnosis and promptly treated with plasma exchange can change the grave prognosis? METHOD: Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of 13 @entity1 diagnosed and treated during a 6-year period, from August 1994 to August 2000, in a tertiary care university hospital in Taiwan. RESULTS: Among the @entity1 , 8 were males and 5 were females, 10 were idiopathic, 2 were @entity1396 , and 1 was @entity1252 -induced; 12 (92.3%) had @entity16 , 11 (84.6%) had ecchymosis, 8 (61.5%) had @entity221 , and 6 (46.2%) had @entity8 ( @entity1011 > or = 1.5 mg/dL) at initial presentation of the syndrome. Excluding the @entity1252 @entity1 , 6 of 10 (60%) had shown antinuclear antibody (ANA) non-specific positive (titer > or = 1:40). All @entity1 were initially treated with plasma exchange plus @entity230 . Of these 13 @entity1 , 11 (84.6%) achieved complete remission, one had partial remission, and one, which was @entity1396 -induced, had no response and died of a progressive disease complicated with @entity55 . Within a median follow-up period of 31 months, 4 of 11 @entity1 who achieved complete remission relapsed after one week, two weeks, three weeks, and three months, respectively. In the four relapsing @entity1 , three late relapsing @entity1 received FFP infusion, increased @entity134 dosages, added @entity786 plus @entity1891 ; and one early relapsing @entity1 , relapsing twice, received an additional two courses of plasma exchange and added @entity786 plus @entity1891 . All of the four @entity1 achieved complete remission again. The @entity1 who had partial remission relapsed early and responded promptly to another course of plasma exchange plus @entity786 and @entity1891 and achieved complete remission. CONCLUSION: Based on the results in this study, we conclude that plasma exchange plus @entity230 can effectively treat @entity2106 . For @entity1 with a refractory or relapsing disease, immunosuppressive therapy with @entity786 plus @entity1891 should be administered as well.

title: XXXX ( @entity2106 ): initial treatment with plasma exchange plus @entity230 and immunosuppressive agents for relapsing cases.

answer: @entity2106 :: (MESH:D011697,Disease) :: ['Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity2106 ( @entity2106 ) is a @entity395 with a high mortality rate if untreated or delayed therapy. Whether immediate diagnosis and promptly treated with plasma exchange can change the grave prognosis? METHOD: Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of 13 @entity1 diagnosed and treated during a 6-year period, from August 1994 to August 2000, in a tertiary care university hospital in Taiwan. RESULTS: Among the @entity1 , 8 were males and 5 were females, 10 were idiopathic, 2 were @entity1396 , and 1 was @entity1252 -induced; 12 (92.3%) had @entity16 , 11 (84.6%) had ecchymosis, 8 (61.5%) had @entity221 , and 6 (46.2%) had @entity8 ( @entity1011 > or = 1.5 mg/dL) at initial presentation of the syndrome. Excluding the @entity1252 @entity1 , 6 of 10 (60%) had shown antinuclear antibody (ANA) non-specific positive (titer > or = 1:40). All @entity1 were initially treated with plasma exchange plus @entity230 . Of these 13 @entity1 , 11 (84.6%) achieved complete remission, one had partial remission, and one, which was @entity1396 -induced, had no response and died of a progressive disease complicated with @entity55 . Within a median follow-up period of 31 months, 4 of 11 @entity1 who achieved complete remission relapsed after one week, two weeks, three weeks, and three months, respectively. In the four relapsing @entity1 , three late relapsing @entity1 received FFP infusion, increased @entity134 dosages, added @entity786 plus @entity1891 ; and one early relapsing @entity1 , relapsing twice, received an additional two courses of plasma exchange and added @entity786 plus @entity1891 . All of the four @entity1 achieved complete remission again. The @entity1 who had partial remission relapsed early and responded promptly to another course of plasma exchange plus @entity786 and @entity1891 and achieved complete remission. CONCLUSION: Based on the results in this study, we conclude that plasma exchange plus @entity230 can effectively treat @entity2106 . For @entity1 with a refractory or relapsing disease, immunosuppressive therapy with @entity786 plus @entity1891 should be administered as well.

title: @entity2106 ( XXXX ): initial treatment with plasma exchange plus @entity230 and immunosuppressive agents for relapsing cases.

answer: @entity2106 :: (MESH:D011697,Disease) :: ['TTP']


abstract: @entity1 prostatic acid phosphatase isoenzyme 2 (HPAcP-2) was isolated from semen. This purified enzyme was immunized to @entity95 to produce polyclonal antibodies. The specificity of the antibodies was tested by Western blot transfer method. Rabbit IgG-peroxidase conjugate was prepared from the antiserum and used to localize HPAcP-2 in @entity263 . It was found that in the @entity5 glandular acinus the normal basal cells were replaced by @entity5 cells containing reaction product. In the @entity5 cells, the reaction product was seen in the cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. The secretory vesicles which contained reaction product-stained granules and some amorphous material were seen to fuse with the apical plasma membrane and discharged their content into the glandular lumen. On the other hand, some secretory vesicles in the @entity5 cells facing to the basement membrane also discharged their similar content into the extracellular spaces. Reaction product-stained granules were found in the interstitial spaces surrounding the @entity5 cells. These findings suggest that HPAcP-2 is synthesized on the bound ribosomes and discharged into the cisternae of rough ER. The molecules are transported to the Golgi cisternae. After concentration and packaging, HPAcP-2 molecules are then transferred to the secretory vesicles, and discharged into the glandular lumen and to the extracellular spaces. The isoenzyme released in the extracellular space may reach the blood stream through the interstitial spaces or the lymphatic system, resulting in the elevation of serum HPAcPase level in some @entity263 @entity1 .

title: Immunoultrastructural demonstration of prostatic acid phosphatase isoenzyme 2 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic carcinoma', 'prostatic cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostatic carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review of exercise trials post @entity64 . DESIGN: A systematic review of controlled clinical trials. SEARCH STRATEGY: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Amed, Sports Discus, Cochrane controlled trials register and PEDro were searched for relevant trials. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Studies--randomized or quasi-randomized controlled clinical trials. @entity1 --Adults of any age with a clinical diagnosis of @entity64 . Interventions--Any @entity65 intervention aimed at improving @entity65 and/or function. OUTCOMES: Impairment: gait speed, strength, endurance, balance, flexibility, tonus and exercise capacity. Disability: global dependency, functional independence. Extended activities of daily living. Quality of life. @entity204 . DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two independent reviewers categorized selected trials, documented the methodological quality and extracted the relevant data. Comparisons of @entity65 interventions versus no cardiovascular intervention were made. Statistical comparisons were carried out using a random effects model to calculate standardized mean differences. RESULTS: We identified three eligible trials. Small numbers and heterogeneous outcomes limited the analyses and comparisons. Based on the limited data available, we found that @entity65 post @entity64 was no better than no exercise with respect to disability, impairment, extended activities of daily living, quality of life and @entity204 . CONCLUSION: Insufficient evidence was identified to establish if @entity65 has a positive effect on disability, impairment, extended activities of daily living, quality of life and case fatality post @entity64 .

title: A systematic review of exercise trials post XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular fitness', 'cardiovascular exercise']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: @entity497 ( @entity497 ) is the most common reason for acute admission to hospital and the fourth most common cause of @entity204 in the UK. It is important to identify @entity1 with severe @entity55 and the worst prognosis. We conducted this study to validate a rule designed to do this devised in New Zealand. @entity497 was defined by evidence of new shadowing on the chest X-ray and clinical features of @entity55 . A standardised proforma was completed documenting clinical features and investigation results. Severe @entity55 was identified by two or more of the following: @entity911 ; respiratory rate > or = 30/min; diastolic blood pressure < or = 60 mmHg; @entity1133 >7 mmol/l. One hundred @entity1 (mean age 58.8 years) were included; 32 satisfied the rule. Seven died, all of whom satisfied the rule. Ten @entity1 received intensive care, including six who died. Of 11 @entity1 who died and/or received intensive care, nine satisfied the rule. The sensitivity and specificity of the rule for predicting @entity204 and/or intensive care were 82% and 73% respectively.

title: Recognising severe XXXX with simple clinical and biochemical measurements.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['Community-acquired pneumonia', 'CAP']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2876 ( @entity2876 ) is the leading indication for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) among @entity1 . However, there are technical difficulties, including the limited dimensions of anatomical structures, @entity509 and/or @entity715 of the portal vein and previous portoenterostomy procedures. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to present our experience of 239 @entity1 with @entity2876 who underwent OLT between September 1989 and June 2010 compared with OLT performed for other causes. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of @entity1 charts and analysis of complications and survival. RESULTS: @entity2876 was the most common indication for OLT (207/409; 50.6%). The median age of subjects was 26 months (range, 7-192). Their median weight was 11 kg (range, 5-63) with 110 @entity1 (53.1%) weighing  <=10 kg. We performed 126 transplantations from cadaveric donors (60.8%) and 81 from living-related donors (LRD) (39.2%). Retransplantation was required for 31 recipients (14.9%), primarily due to @entity715 ( @entity715 ; 64.5%). Other complications included the following: @entity715 ( @entity715 ; 13.0%), @entity850 and/or @entity292 (22.2%), bowel perforation (7.0%), and @entity1071 ( @entity1071 ; 5.3%). Among the cases of OLT for other causes, the median age of recipients was 81 months (range, 11-17 years), which was higher than that for @entity1 with @entity2876 . Retransplantation was required in 3.5% of these @entity1 (P < .05), mostly due to @entity715 . The incidences of @entity715 , and @entity1071 were significantly lower (P < .05). There was no significant difference between biliary complications in the 2 groups. The overall survival rates at 1 versus 5 years were 79.7% versus 68.1% for @entity2876 , and 81.2% versus 75.7% for other causes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who undergo OLT for @entity2876 are younger than those engrafted for other causes, displaying a higher risk of complications and retransplantations.

title: Orthotopic liver transplantation in XXXX : a single-center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder', 'PTLD']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['BA', 'Biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['portal vein thrombosis', 'thrombosis', 'hepatic artery thrombosis', 'HAT', 'PVT', 'PVT, bowel perforation']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['biliary stenosis']

answer: @entity2876 :: (MESH:D001656,Disease) :: ['biliary atresia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: National renal registry studies providing data for incidence, prevalence, and characteristics of @entity454 and renal replacement therapy (RRT) serve as a basis to determine national strategies for the prevention and treatment of these diseases and identify new areas for special studies. STUDY DESIGN: Since 1990, the Turkish Society of Nephrology has been coordinating a national renal registry that collects data on @entity1 receiving RRT. This report focuses on data collected from 1996-2008. SETTING _ @entity1 : Data were collected in dialysis centers for @entity1 on RRT. PREDICTOR: Year. OUTCOMES: Point prevalence and incidence of RRT, RRT modalities, demographic and clinical characteristics of @entity1 on RRT. RESULTS: From 1996 to 2008, the number of centers (199 and 760) and response rates to the registry (76% and 99.4%) increased. In 2008, the point prevalence of RRT was 756 per million population (pmp) and incidence was 188 pmp, including pediatric @entity1 . In prevalent @entity1 , the most common RRT modality was hemodialysis (77.0% of @entity1 ), followed by peritoneal dialysis (10.1%) and transplant (12.9%). The age of hemodialysis and transplant @entity1 increased, with a predominance of male @entity1 . Percentages of @entity6 and @entity101 as causes of @entity454 increased, whereas those of chronic @entity631 and @entity5450 decreased. Infection and crude @entity204 rates decreased in all treatment modalities. LIMITATIONS: The main study limitations were registry design and low number of kidney transplants. CONCLUSION: With increasing numbers of dialysis centers and RRT @entity1 during the last 12 years, the need for RRT in @entity233 has been better met. The quality of RRT care has improved, especially regarding prevention and treatment of @entity281 .

title: Trends in renal replacement therapy in XXXX , 1996-2008.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urologic disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: Although @entity1 with @entity717 are at increased risk for @entity146 , the type and rate of these problems differ between those with different causes for their retardation. In this paper, we review behavioural and @entity146 problems in @entity1 with @entity6038 , @entity74 caused by a paternally derived deletion at chromosome 15(q11-q13) in about 70% of affected @entity1 , and by @entity8882 in the majority of the remaining @entity1 . In addition to the syndrome's characteristic @entity7298 and food seeking, individuals with @entity6038 also have increased risks of nonfood, compulsive behaviours. These include skin picking, which is highly prevalent, as well as more variable rates of hoarding, redoing and concerns with symmetry, exactness, cleanliness, ordering and arranging. Relative to others with @entity1032 , @entity1 with @entity6038 are at a marked increased risk for developing full-blown, @entity3119 . In addition, many @entity1 with @entity6038 show increased rates of tantrums, oppositionality and @entity146 . Recent findings suggest that they also have an increased risk of @entity914 or affective illness with a @entity716 component, especially young adult @entity1 and those with the @entity8882 as opposed to paternal deletion. Dietary approaches include a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, as well as close supervision around food and keeping food locked away. To date, neither CNS stimulants nor anorectic agents have been effective in treating @entity7298 , in part because @entity7298 in @entity6038 is attributed to decreased satiation as opposed to increased hunger. Treatment for @entity3119 and maladaptive behaviours include: behavioural programming; a structured, predictable routine; extra help with transitions; family support; and pharmacotherapy. Although formal drug studies have yet to be conducted, SSRIs have been effective in reducing skin picking, @entity3119 and @entity146 episodes in some individuals with @entity6038 . Atypical antipsychotics have also proven helpful in @entity1 with @entity146 and impulsivity. Largely on the basis of case studies, the risks and benefits of these and other drugs in @entity6038 are reviewed. Drug trials that move beyond case studies and that assess the relative efficacy of behavioural treatments alone or in combination with pharmacotherapy are sorely needed.

title: @entity146 in XXXX : epidemiology and management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'compulsivity']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'aggression', 'psychiatric disorders', 'psychotic features or extreme aggression', 'aggressive']

entities_list: @entity7298 :: ('MESH:D006963', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphagia']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorder']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['a disorder']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disabilities']

entities_list: @entity6038 :: ('MESH:D011218', 'Disease') :: ['Prader-Willi syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8882 :: ('MESH:D024182', 'Disease') :: ['maternal uniparental disomy']

answer: @entity6038 :: (MESH:D011218,Disease) :: ['Prader-Willi syndrome']


abstract: Although @entity1 with @entity717 are at increased risk for @entity146 , the type and rate of these problems differ between those with different causes for their retardation. In this paper, we review behavioural and @entity146 problems in @entity1 with @entity6038 , @entity74 caused by a paternally derived deletion at chromosome 15(q11-q13) in about 70% of affected @entity1 , and by @entity8882 in the majority of the remaining @entity1 . In addition to the syndrome's characteristic @entity7298 and food seeking, individuals with @entity6038 also have increased risks of nonfood, compulsive behaviours. These include skin picking, which is highly prevalent, as well as more variable rates of hoarding, redoing and concerns with symmetry, exactness, cleanliness, ordering and arranging. Relative to others with @entity1032 , @entity1 with @entity6038 are at a marked increased risk for developing full-blown, @entity3119 . In addition, many @entity1 with @entity6038 show increased rates of tantrums, oppositionality and @entity146 . Recent findings suggest that they also have an increased risk of @entity914 or affective illness with a @entity716 component, especially young adult @entity1 and those with the @entity8882 as opposed to paternal deletion. Dietary approaches include a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, as well as close supervision around food and keeping food locked away. To date, neither CNS stimulants nor anorectic agents have been effective in treating @entity7298 , in part because @entity7298 in @entity6038 is attributed to decreased satiation as opposed to increased hunger. Treatment for @entity3119 and maladaptive behaviours include: behavioural programming; a structured, predictable routine; extra help with transitions; family support; and pharmacotherapy. Although formal drug studies have yet to be conducted, SSRIs have been effective in reducing skin picking, @entity3119 and @entity146 episodes in some individuals with @entity6038 . Atypical antipsychotics have also proven helpful in @entity1 with @entity146 and impulsivity. Largely on the basis of case studies, the risks and benefits of these and other drugs in @entity6038 are reviewed. Drug trials that move beyond case studies and that assess the relative efficacy of behavioural treatments alone or in combination with pharmacotherapy are sorely needed.

title: XXXX in @entity6038 : epidemiology and management.

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Psychiatric disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infertility is a growing problem in western societies. Few studies have examined the drug utilization of common treatments for @entity249 . @entity4082 (CC) is the first-line treatment for normogonadotropic @entity1 with absent or irregular ovulation. We examined CC use among @entity1 at reproductive age in the northern Netherlands. METHODS: Drug dispensing data of CC between 1998 and 2007 were retrieved from the IADB.nl database. Two-year prevalences of CC use per 1000 @entity1 covered by the database were calculated and stratified by 5-year age group. The duration of CC use was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS: From the IADB.nl database, a total of 1854 @entity1 aged 20-44 years initiated ovulation induction treatment with CC only in the northern Netherlands during 1998 and 2007. The 2-year prevalence of CC use increased from 6.66 per 1000 @entity1 during 1998-1999 to 7.24 per 1000 during 2002-2003, followed by a decrease to 4.82 per 1000 in 2006-2007 (P < 0.05). Median duration of CC use was four cycles for @entity1 <30 years of age, three cycles for @entity1 aged 30-39 and two cycles for @entity1 aged above 40. CONCLUSIONS: There is no increase of CC use during 1998-2007, and indeed a decrease of CC use during recent years, among @entity1 at reproductive age in northern Netherlands.

title: XXXX utilization in the Netherlands 1998-2007.

entities_list: @entity4082 :: ('MESH:D002996', 'Chemical') :: ['Clomiphene citrate']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

answer: @entity4082 :: (MESH:D002996,Chemical) :: ['Clomiphene citrate']


abstract: Dendritic cells are professional antigen-presenting cells that are specialized in antigen uptake and presentation. @entity566 to cat has increased substantially in recent years and has been shown to be positively associated with @entity565 . We have recently shown that the @entity3913 receptor (MR), a C-type lectin expressed by dendritic cells, recognizes various glycoallergens from diverse sources and is involved in promoting @entity56 responses to a major house dust mite allergen in vitro. Here we investigated the potential role of MR in @entity56 responses to Fel d 1, a major cat allergen. Fel d 1 binding to MR was confirmed by ELISA. Using blocking, gene silencing (siRNA) experiments, and MR knock-out (MR(-/-)) cells, we have demonstrated that MR plays a major role in internalization of Fel d 1 by @entity1 and mouse antigen-presenting cells. Intriguingly, unlike other glycoallergens, recognition of Fel d 1 by MR is mediated by the @entity462 -rich domain, which correlates with the presence of sulfated @entity3363 in natural Fel d 1. WT and MR(-/-) @entity19 were used to study the role of MR in @entity56 sensitization to Fel d 1 in vivo. MR(-/-) @entity19 sensitized with cat dander extract and Fel d 1 produced significantly lower levels of total IgE, Fel d 1-specific-IgE and @entity6527 , the hallmarks of @entity56 response, compared with WT @entity19 . Our data show for the first time that Fel d 1 is a novel ligand of the @entity462 -rich domain of MR and that MR is likely to play a pivotal role in @entity56 sensitization to airborne allergens in vivo.

title: Recognition of the major cat allergen Fel d 1 through the @entity462 -rich domain of the XXXX receptor determines its allergenicity.

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity3913 :: (MESH:D008358,Chemical) :: ['mannose']


abstract: Dendritic cells are professional antigen-presenting cells that are specialized in antigen uptake and presentation. @entity566 to cat has increased substantially in recent years and has been shown to be positively associated with @entity565 . We have recently shown that the @entity3913 receptor (MR), a C-type lectin expressed by dendritic cells, recognizes various glycoallergens from diverse sources and is involved in promoting @entity56 responses to a major house dust mite allergen in vitro. Here we investigated the potential role of MR in @entity56 responses to Fel d 1, a major cat allergen. Fel d 1 binding to MR was confirmed by ELISA. Using blocking, gene silencing (siRNA) experiments, and MR knock-out (MR(-/-)) cells, we have demonstrated that MR plays a major role in internalization of Fel d 1 by @entity1 and mouse antigen-presenting cells. Intriguingly, unlike other glycoallergens, recognition of Fel d 1 by MR is mediated by the @entity462 -rich domain, which correlates with the presence of sulfated @entity3363 in natural Fel d 1. WT and MR(-/-) @entity19 were used to study the role of MR in @entity56 sensitization to Fel d 1 in vivo. MR(-/-) @entity19 sensitized with cat dander extract and Fel d 1 produced significantly lower levels of total IgE, Fel d 1-specific-IgE and @entity6527 , the hallmarks of @entity56 response, compared with WT @entity19 . Our data show for the first time that Fel d 1 is a novel ligand of the @entity462 -rich domain of MR and that MR is likely to play a pivotal role in @entity56 sensitization to airborne allergens in vivo.

title: Recognition of the major cat allergen Fel d 1 through the XXXX -rich domain of the @entity3913 receptor determines its allergenicity.

answer: @entity462 :: (MESH:D003545,Chemical) :: ['cysteine']


abstract: The charts of the 173 consecutive @entity1 who underwent microsurgical reconstruction for obstetrical @entity5300 from 1988 to 1999 (inclusive) in the Division of Plastic Surgery at the Hospital for Sick @entity1 were analyzed. The overall complication rate was 33.5 percent, and there was no mortality in this series. The most significant intraoperative complication was accidental extubation, which occurred five times in the first 84 @entity1 (6 percent of this early group; 2.9 percent of the whole series). This complication was addressed by suturing the endotracheal tube to the membranous septum and by using a transparent drape to allow direct visualization of the tube in all 89 subsequent @entity1 . There have been no further accidental extubations. Postoperative @entity1284 occurred in 14 @entity1 (8.1 percent), three (1.7 percent) of whom developed @entity3126 . Intensive care unit admission was required in two of those @entity1 . Diuretic treatment was required in seven @entity1 . No @entity1 receiving less than or equal to 4 ml/kg/hour developed @entity1284 , whereas 50 percent of the @entity1 receiving greater than or equal to 10 ml/kg/hour did. Currently, the authors' policy is to strictly limit intravenous maintenance fluids to 4 ml/kg/hour or less. Despite the long and complex procedure required to reconstruct obstetrical @entity5300 , the incidence of significant complications can be minimized with simple precautions, such as suturing the endotracheal tube to the septum or reducing the amount of fluids administered during the operation.

title: Complications of microsurgical reconstruction of obstetrical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5300 :: ('MESH:D020516', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus palsy']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity1284 :: ('MESH:D019190', 'Disease') :: ['fluid overload']

answer: @entity5300 :: (MESH:D020516,Disease) :: ['brachial plexus palsy']


abstract: Recent advances in technology have provided laser surgeons with new options for cutaneous laser resurfacing. Despite its popularity, there is limited information on the short-term and long-term side effects and complications of variable-pulsed erbium:yttrium- @entity3775 -garnet (erbium:YAG) laser skin resurfacing. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate postoperative wound healing, side effects, and complications of multiple-pass, variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser skin resurfacing for facial photodamage, rhytides, and @entity2318 . Fifty consecutive @entity1 with facial photodamage, rhytides, or @entity2318 were treated with a variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser. Side effects and complications relating to @entity86 , erythema, and pigmentary changes were tabulated. @entity1 were evaluated at postoperative days 3 through 7 and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after laser skin resurfacing. The average time for reepithelialization was 5.1 days. Prolonged erythema (>1 month) was observed in three @entity1 (6 percent). Transient @entity2117 occurred in 20 @entity1 (40 percent), with an average duration of 10.4 weeks. No cases of @entity4182 or @entity2318 were seen. In summary, a variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser can safely be used for the treatment of facial photodamage, rhytides, and @entity2318 . Although more postoperative erythema is seen after variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser treatment than is usually produced with a short-pulsed erbium:YAG system, the side-effect profile and recovery period after variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser skin resurfacing still are more favorable than after multiple-pass @entity544 laser skin resurfacing.

title: Side effects and complications of variable-pulsed erbium:yttrium- XXXX -garnet laser skin resurfacing: extended experience with 50 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3775 :: ('MESH:D000535', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminum']

entities_list: @entity4182 :: ('MESH:D017496', 'Disease') :: ['hypopigmentation']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['scarring', 'atrophic scarring']

entities_list: @entity2117 :: ('MESH:D017495', 'Disease') :: ['hyperpigmentation']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative healing']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity3775 :: (MESH:D000535,Chemical) :: ['aluminum']


abstract: Recent advances in technology have provided laser surgeons with new options for cutaneous laser resurfacing. Despite its popularity, there is limited information on the short-term and long-term side effects and complications of variable-pulsed erbium:yttrium- @entity3775 -garnet (erbium:YAG) laser skin resurfacing. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate postoperative wound healing, side effects, and complications of multiple-pass, variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser skin resurfacing for facial photodamage, rhytides, and @entity2318 . Fifty consecutive @entity1 with facial photodamage, rhytides, or @entity2318 were treated with a variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser. Side effects and complications relating to @entity86 , erythema, and pigmentary changes were tabulated. @entity1 were evaluated at postoperative days 3 through 7 and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after laser skin resurfacing. The average time for reepithelialization was 5.1 days. Prolonged erythema (>1 month) was observed in three @entity1 (6 percent). Transient @entity2117 occurred in 20 @entity1 (40 percent), with an average duration of 10.4 weeks. No cases of @entity4182 or @entity2318 were seen. In summary, a variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser can safely be used for the treatment of facial photodamage, rhytides, and @entity2318 . Although more postoperative erythema is seen after variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser treatment than is usually produced with a short-pulsed erbium:YAG system, the side-effect profile and recovery period after variable-pulsed erbium:YAG laser skin resurfacing still are more favorable than after multiple-pass @entity544 laser skin resurfacing.

title: Side effects and complications of variable-pulsed erbium:yttrium- @entity3775 -garnet laser skin resurfacing: extended experience with 50 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity7860 is a form of rapidly progressive @entity631 with @entity548 in the presence of antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies. Concomittant central nervous system manifestations are exceptionally reported. We report such a case of an 55-year-old @entity1 who developed fluctuant neurobehavioral manifestations over a 9 months period. Angiography showed cerebral arterial distal lesions compatible with the diagnosis of @entity1333 . The antiglomerular basement membrane antibody titer was elevated. Search for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody was negative. After the reintroduction of @entity786 agent, clinical evolution was favourable. Clinical cerebral manifestations in our case are probably du to a @entity1333 . Few cases are reported in the literature. The role of antiglomerular basement membrane antibody in the development of the @entity12513 is possible.

title: [ XXXX and @entity7860 ].

entities_list: @entity12513 :: ('MESH:D020293', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral angiitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity7860 :: ('MESH:D019867', 'Disease') :: ["Goodpasture's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity12513 :: (MESH:D020293,Disease) :: ['Cerebral angiitis']


abstract: @entity7860 is a form of rapidly progressive @entity631 with @entity548 in the presence of antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies. Concomittant central nervous system manifestations are exceptionally reported. We report such a case of an 55-year-old @entity1 who developed fluctuant neurobehavioral manifestations over a 9 months period. Angiography showed cerebral arterial distal lesions compatible with the diagnosis of @entity1333 . The antiglomerular basement membrane antibody titer was elevated. Search for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody was negative. After the reintroduction of @entity786 agent, clinical evolution was favourable. Clinical cerebral manifestations in our case are probably du to a @entity1333 . Few cases are reported in the literature. The role of antiglomerular basement membrane antibody in the development of the @entity12513 is possible.

title: [ @entity12513 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity7860 :: (MESH:D019867,Disease) :: ['Goodpasture's syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dilatation of the artery proximal to @entity2548 ( @entity2548 ) is not well known but is a potential serious complication in @entity1 for renal transplant. METHODS: From 1991 until 2001, the diameters of the brachial arteries of 29 @entity1 after successful renal transplantation and with existing @entity2548 were prospectively evaluated with ultrasound scan. Nine @entity1 with longstanding @entity2548 without transplantation were included as a control group. RESULTS: In 1991, the mean brachial artery diameter was 6.4 mm (+/-1.8 mm) with patent @entity2548 and 5.2 mm (+/-1.5 mm) with occluded @entity2548 (P= not significant). The 1994 mean diameter was 6.6 mm (+/-1.7 mm) versus 5.3 mm (+/-2.0 mm; P =.029). In 2001, the mean diameter rose to 7.4 mm (+/-1.3 mm) versus 5.7 mm (+/-2.8 mm; P =.022). Compared with the side without @entity292 , the diameter of brachial artery on the @entity2548 side was significantly greater during the whole study period. The increase in the diameter correlates significantly with the time the @entity2548 had been patent (P =.001, according to Spearman test). The dilatation of the brachial arteries of @entity1 without transplantation was smaller compared with @entity1 after transplantation but did not reach statistical significance. Two @entity1 had to undergo operation on a symptomatic @entity438 . CONCLUSION: According to our results, dilatation of the brachial artery after AV is time dependent. Higher flow in the @entity2548 seems to be the main trigger of dilatation.

title: Brachial artery dilatation after arteriovenous fistulae in XXXX after renal transplantation: a 10-year follow-up with ultrasound scan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['AF', 'arteriovenous fistula']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm of the axillobrachial artery']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Weights and heights at age 16 of 5652 @entity1 and 5280 @entity1 from the National @entity1 Development Study (NCDS) were measured. At this examination, school medical officers rated the @entity1 and @entity1 into one of the following categories: grossly @entity28 , moderately @entity28 , normal, thin or very thin. A comparison is made between doctors' rating and assessment of @entity28 by relative weight (RW). @entity28 was defined as RW greater than 120. Overall 803 (15.2 per cent) @entity1 were rated @entity28 by doctors compared with 469 (8.9 per cent) identified by RW. Only 414 (7.8 per cent) @entity1 were considered @entity28 by both methods. In @entity1 the difference between the two methods was less marked. There were 362 (6.4 per cent) @entity1 rated as @entity28 by doctors, 404 (7.2 per cent) by relative weight and 262 (4.6 per cent) by both methods. The discrepancies demonstrate that one method of assessment cannot replace another. Doctors' rated considerably more @entity1 than @entity1 as @entity28 . Although at this age @entity1 were heavier than @entity1 for a given height, the doctors' rating may also reflect the different attitudes towards @entity28 in @entity1 and @entity1 which are prevalent in our society. Without comparison with a more accurate measure of adiposity it is not possible to reach a definite conclusion as to whether clinical assessment, relative weight, or indeed both methods combined are the most suitable for identifying @entity28 adolescents.

title: XXXX in 16-year-olds assessed by relative weight and doctors' rating.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'women', 'girls', 'boys', 'men']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Confusion exists regarding surgical algorithms for treating @entity20866 . This report outlines the surgical management and outcomes of @entity1 with @entity20866 . METHODS: Sixteen cases of @entity20866 surgically treated in Anzhen Hospital from February 1995 to July 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. According to relative size and location of @entity2909 maximum diameter relative to diameter of inferior vena cava, the 16 cases were classified as type A, B, C, or D. RESULTS: Of the 16 cases in this series, there were 7 type A, 2 type B, 3 type C, and 4 type D. No @entity1 died during surgery. Mean follow-up was 90    57.1 months (cumulative, 120.2 @entity1 -years; range, 2-190 months). One @entity1 died of recurrence 5 months after the surgery because of incomplete resection. Another @entity1 with type D also died of recurrence 2 years after the primary procedure. A @entity1 with type D died suddenly 10 years after the primary procedure. The 5-year and 10-year survivals calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method were 87.1%    8.6% and 72.5%    15%. Of the 13 surviving @entity1 , 11 were in New York Heart Association functional class I and 2 were in functional class II. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of @entity20866 can result in satisfactory midterm to long-term survival and satisfactory heart function. Multiple surgical strategies should be tailored to the anatomic characteristics of the @entity2909 . Recurrence of @entity20866 after the resection procedure may result in unfavorable late result.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity20866 :: ('MESH:D018231', 'Disease') :: ['intracardiac leiomyomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['intracardiac leiomyoma']

answer: @entity20866 :: (MESH:D018231,Disease) :: ['intracardiac leiomyomatosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: In this study, we evaluated the results of @entity50 with autogenous bone plug versus obliteration with heterogeneous ( @entity1 ) bone in monkeys ( @entity10450 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight young adult male @entity10450 monkeys underwent an ostectomy of the @entity50 , and inner decortication of the bony walls and then were divided into 2 groups of 4 each, as follows. Group I monkeys underwent obliteration of the nasofrontal ducts with a free segment of frontallis muscle and corticocancellous heterogeneous bone, followed by full obliteration of the sinus with corticocancellous heterogeneous bone (Dayton Regional Tissue Bank, Dayton, @entity2145 ). Group II monkeys underwent obliteration of the nasofrontal ducts with a frontal muscle segment and tibial autogenous bone plug, without full obliteration of the frontal sinus. In all animals, the sinus anterior wall was repositioned and fixed with 1.0 plate and screws. The monkeys were killed after 180 days, and routine laboratory procedures were followed for @entity1710 - @entity1711 staining and histologic evaluation of the specimens. RESULTS: The 2 studied techniques were both effective in obliterating the frontal sinus with newly formed bone. The nasofrontal ducts were obliterated by new bone formation or fibrous tissue (1 animal only). CONCLUSIONS: Both methods used for frontal sinus obliteration were effective; the heterogeneous bone ( @entity1 bone) was well tolerated and presented low antigenicity. The nasofrontal duct obliteration with autogenous muscle associated with autogenous tibial bone (group II) or with heterogeneous bone (group I) was effective, isolating the frontal sinus from the nasal cavity. The spontaneous obliteration resulted, in the period analyzed, in earlier bone maturation compared with the obliteration by heterogeneous bone.

title: Frontal sinus obliteration with heterogeneous corticocancellous bone versus spontaneous osteoneogenesis in monkeys ( XXXX ): histologic analysis.

entities_list: @entity10450 :: ('9515', 'Species') :: ['Cebus apella', 'C apella']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous osteoneogenesis of the frontal sinus', 'anterior wall of the frontal sinus, removal of the sinus mucosa']

answer: @entity10450 :: (9515,Species) :: ['Cebus apella']


abstract: Kurt Vonnegut was one of the most influential novelists of the late 20th Century. His wry views of @entity1 and organizations are applicable to the today's efforts to use science to improve the effectiveness of substance use treatment programs. His 1963 book, @entity19708 Cradle pointed to the potentially disastrous consequences of the development of science for science's sake. Moving to more current viewpoints, in 2009 the young writer and medical doctor Josh Bazell published Beat the Reaper, a novel that discusses modern medical care and pharmaceutical treatments with sarcasm and wit. Currently we are witnessing many developments to incorporate evidence-based practices into addiction treatment, ranging from Institute of Medicine overviews to the organization the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, fielding the National Registry of National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices for preventing and treating @entity734 and @entity146 , legislative initiatives, efforts to upgrade the treatment workforce and, most recently, health care reform. There are signs that these and other efforts are upgrading the effectiveness of treatments for addiction. Yet the checks and balances of every effort to create change make for a field that shows halting and peripatetic development. "Top-down" reforms are watered down by "bottom-up" approaches, and vice-versa. Several concrete steps can be taken to improve the magnitude and speed of change in the field. We cannot change @entity1 nature, but we can improve addiction treatment.

title: From XXXX Cradle to Beat the Reaper: getting evidence-based treatments into practice in spite of ourselves.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental health disorders']

answer: @entity19708 :: (54478,Gene) :: ['Cat's']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Quantify the enhancement of @entity2003 associated with a contralateral activation maneuver. METHODS: Twelve subjects with @entity1726 and eight controls participated in the study protocol. Subjects' tested hand was displaced by a servo-motor throughout wrist flexion and extension motions of 60   without and with a concurrent gripping activation in the contralateral hand, referred to as Passive and Active conditions, respectively. Subjects with @entity1726 were tested in both OFF-MED and ON-MED states. @entity2003 was quantified by integrating torque with position during both flexion and extension (torque resistance). ANOVA was performed to assess the effect of contralateral activation on @entity2003 . RESULTS: @entity1726 @entity1 had significantly (0.038) enhanced torque resistance in OFF-MED compared to healthy controls and ON-MED. In the Active condition, differences in torque resistance were magnified (p=0.002). Medication substantially reduced differences in torque resistance between controls and @entity1726 @entity1 in the Passive and Active conditions. CONCLUSIONS: A contralateral activation maneuver substantially increases @entity2003 in @entity1 with @entity1726 , specifically the OFF-MED state. @entity2003 is reduced with the application of dopaminergic medication, even with the presence of a contralateral activation maneuver. SIGNIFICANCE: These data support the use of a contralateral activation maneuver as a tool in the diagnosis of @entity1726 .

title: Enhancement of XXXX with contralateral hand activation.

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian rigidity', 'rigidity', 'Rigidity']

answer: @entity2003 :: (MESH:D009127,Disease) :: ['parkinsonian rigidity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Morbid @entity28 is effectively treated by restrictive surgery. A severe complication associated with gastric banding is @entity356 . We review here our experience over a 5-year period. METHODS: A total of 1496 @entity1 underwent gastric banding. Eighty-five percent of @entity1 were available for follow-up. When band @entity2681 was diagnosed, laparoscopic removal was performed. RESULTS: Band @entity2681 was identified in 17 @entity1 (1.13%). The time from primary operation to diagnosis of band @entity2681 ranged from 3 weeks to 45 months (mean, 19 months). Clinical manifestations included @entity1017 in 2 (11.6%), band system leak in 1 (5.8%), chronic port-cutaneous fistula in 2 (11.6%), neglected @entity298 in 1 (5.8%), left @entity3117 in 2 (11.6%), but most commonly, protracted port-site infection that occurred in 7 @entity1 (40.6%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 were effectively treated by band removal and suturing of the stomach wall. We suggest that different pathologies contribute to the same complication depending upon the time of presentation. We recommend a high index of suspicion in order to diagnose this life-threatening complication.

title: The clinical spectrum of band @entity2681 following laparoscopic adjustable silicone gastric banding for morbid XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3117 :: ('MESH:D013369', 'Disease') :: ['subphrenic abscess']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric erosion']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Morbid @entity28 is effectively treated by restrictive surgery. A severe complication associated with gastric banding is @entity356 . We review here our experience over a 5-year period. METHODS: A total of 1496 @entity1 underwent gastric banding. Eighty-five percent of @entity1 were available for follow-up. When band @entity2681 was diagnosed, laparoscopic removal was performed. RESULTS: Band @entity2681 was identified in 17 @entity1 (1.13%). The time from primary operation to diagnosis of band @entity2681 ranged from 3 weeks to 45 months (mean, 19 months). Clinical manifestations included @entity1017 in 2 (11.6%), band system leak in 1 (5.8%), chronic port-cutaneous fistula in 2 (11.6%), neglected @entity298 in 1 (5.8%), left @entity3117 in 2 (11.6%), but most commonly, protracted port-site infection that occurred in 7 @entity1 (40.6%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 were effectively treated by band removal and suturing of the stomach wall. We suggest that different pathologies contribute to the same complication depending upon the time of presentation. We recommend a high index of suspicion in order to diagnose this life-threatening complication.

title: The clinical spectrum of band XXXX following laparoscopic adjustable silicone gastric banding for morbid @entity28 .

answer: @entity2681 :: (MESH:D014077,Disease) :: ['erosion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the laparoscopic surgical treatment of early stage @entity14 , intraoperative @entity5 site identification is often difficult. We developed a novel marking method using a magnetic marking clip and a modified magnetometer system. METHODS: We applied magnetic marking clips at the @entity5 site during preoperative colonoscopy and identified the clip site with a magnetic marking clip detector system (MMCDS) of our design. Eleven @entity1 who underwent laparoscopic colectomy were studied. RESULTS: In a basic ex vivo study, magnetic bodies of more than 300 mT magnetic force were easily detected with a 100% detection ratio. In a clinical study, the marking site was detected in all 11 @entity1 . The mean length between the detected site and clip along the @entity29 was 14.1 mm (SD 5.6). The mean detection time was 2.4 min (SD 0.2). CONCLUSION: MMCDS accurately identifies @entity5 sites. This method may be useful for @entity5 site identification during laparoscopic colectomy.

title: Intraoperative localization of XXXX in the early stages using a magnetic marking clip detector system (MMCDS).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal bowel axis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinomas']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity649 can produce a @entity393 with persistent sequelae. This study aimed to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQL) in survivors of @entity649 compared with a healthy reference population and to determine the middle/long-term radiographic abnormalities and functional status, as well as their relation to observed HRQL, in these @entity1 . METHODS: This was a prospective study carried out in three ICUs. HRQL in @entity1 was determined with the Nottingham Health Profile immediately after @entity649 diagnosis and 6 months after diagnosis. @entity1 underwent complete respiratory function testing, chest CT scan study, and the 6-min walk test. RESULTS: Follow-up was conducted in 38 @entity1 with @entity649 . Survivors of @entity649 presented a poorer overall HRQL vs the general population, mainly because of lower scores in the dimensions related to mobility, energy, and social isolation. Limitations in daily life activities were documented in 40%. Respiratory function was altered in 67%, with a restrictive respiratory pattern in 58%. Radiologic study disclosed alterations in 76% (mainly reticular pattern). @entity1 were able to cover only 366 m (318-411 m) in the 6-min walk test and had a minimum pulse oximetry of 93% (90%-94%). A significant correlation was documented between the overall quality of life at first and at 6 months (r = 0.68, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Survivors of @entity649 after 6 months had a poorer HRQL than the healthy population and showed mild radiographic and functional involvement. Early HRQL study in these @entity1 enabled early detection of those who would present more long-term HRQL morbidity.

title: Quality of life, pulmonary function, and tomographic scan abnormalities after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of lung function']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['ARDS']