abstract: OBJECTIVE: Juvenile @entity2631 is a chronic progressive @entity74 of the skin that causes @entity2319 and aesthetic damage. This study was undertaken to assess the safety and efficacy of @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) in the treatment of juvenile @entity2631 . METHODS: In this double-blind study, @entity1 with active juvenile @entity2631 were randomized (2:1) to receive oral @entity1500 (15 mg/m  , maximum 20 mg) or placebo once weekly, for 12 months or until treatment failure. Both groups received oral @entity229 (1 mg/kg/day, maximum 50 mg) for the first 3 months. @entity75 was evaluated clinically, with infrared thermography and using a computerized scoring system with skin score rate ( @entity54909 ) evaluation. Response to treatment was defined as the absence of new lesions, @entity54909 , and a decrease in lesion temperature of at least 10% compared to baseline. Treatment failure was defined as the occurrence of new lesions, @entity54909 , or increased lesion temperature. All analyses were done on the intent-to-treat population. RESULTS: Of the 85 @entity1 screened, 70 (ages 6-17 years) were randomized (46 to the @entity1500 group, 24 to the placebo group). The mean disease duration was 2.3 years. After an initial response in all @entity1 , disease relapsed in 15 @entity1500 -treated @entity1 (32.6%) and 17 placebo-treated @entity1 (70.8%) (P < 0.005). New lesions appeared in 3 @entity1500 -treated @entity1 (6.5%) versus 4 placebo-treated @entity1 (16.7%). The mean @entity54909 decreased from 1 to 0.79 in the @entity1500 group and increased from 1 to 1.1 in the placebo group, and the mean @entity75 temperature decreased by 44.4% in the @entity1500 group versus 12.1% in the placebo group. Twenty-six @entity1 in the @entity1500 group (56.5%) and 11 @entity1 in the placebo group (45.8%) developed mild side effects related to treatment. None of the side effects were severe enough to necessitate treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity1500 is efficacious in the treatment of juvenile @entity2631 and is well tolerated.

title: XXXX treatment in juvenile @entity2631 : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['target lesion', 'A target lesion']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['localized scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['permanent disability']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic disorder']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['Methotrexate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Juvenile @entity2631 is a chronic progressive @entity74 of the skin that causes @entity2319 and aesthetic damage. This study was undertaken to assess the safety and efficacy of @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) in the treatment of juvenile @entity2631 . METHODS: In this double-blind study, @entity1 with active juvenile @entity2631 were randomized (2:1) to receive oral @entity1500 (15 mg/m  , maximum 20 mg) or placebo once weekly, for 12 months or until treatment failure. Both groups received oral @entity229 (1 mg/kg/day, maximum 50 mg) for the first 3 months. @entity75 was evaluated clinically, with infrared thermography and using a computerized scoring system with skin score rate ( @entity54909 ) evaluation. Response to treatment was defined as the absence of new lesions, @entity54909 , and a decrease in lesion temperature of at least 10% compared to baseline. Treatment failure was defined as the occurrence of new lesions, @entity54909 , or increased lesion temperature. All analyses were done on the intent-to-treat population. RESULTS: Of the 85 @entity1 screened, 70 (ages 6-17 years) were randomized (46 to the @entity1500 group, 24 to the placebo group). The mean disease duration was 2.3 years. After an initial response in all @entity1 , disease relapsed in 15 @entity1500 -treated @entity1 (32.6%) and 17 placebo-treated @entity1 (70.8%) (P < 0.005). New lesions appeared in 3 @entity1500 -treated @entity1 (6.5%) versus 4 placebo-treated @entity1 (16.7%). The mean @entity54909 decreased from 1 to 0.79 in the @entity1500 group and increased from 1 to 1.1 in the placebo group, and the mean @entity75 temperature decreased by 44.4% in the @entity1500 group versus 12.1% in the placebo group. Twenty-six @entity1 in the @entity1500 group (56.5%) and 11 @entity1 in the placebo group (45.8%) developed mild side effects related to treatment. None of the side effects were severe enough to necessitate treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity1500 is efficacious in the treatment of juvenile @entity2631 and is well tolerated.

title: @entity1499 treatment in juvenile XXXX : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity2631 :: (MESH:D012594,Disease) :: ['localized scleroderma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of @entity731 in the @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) that occur in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) has not been quantified in detail. We undertook this study to determine the extent to which @entity1187 are associated with @entity2998 in @entity309 . METHODS: We prospectively ascertained @entity1187 , defined as @entity583 , @entity1459 , @entity1167 , or @entity204 due to @entity741 , in an @entity309 cohort. We measured @entity2998 using high-resolution ultrasound. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between @entity1187 and @entity731 , adjusting for demographic features, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and @entity309 manifestations. RESULTS: We performed carotid ultrasound on 636 @entity1 whom we followed up for 3,402 @entity1 -years. During this time, 84 @entity1 experienced 121 new or recurrent @entity1187 events, a rate of 3.5 @entity1187 events per 100 @entity1 -years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.0-4.3). Among the 599 @entity1 without a history of @entity1187 , 66 incident @entity1187 events occurred over 3,085 @entity1 -years, an incidence of 2.1 @entity1187 events per 100 @entity1 -years (95% CI 1.7-2.7). The incidence of new @entity1187 events per 100 @entity1 -years was 1.1 (95% CI 0.6-1.7) among @entity1 without plaque, 2.5 (95% CI 1.7-3.8) among @entity1 with unilateral plaque, and 4.3 (95% CI 2.9-6.3) among @entity1 with bilateral plaque. Covariates associated with incident @entity1187 events independent of @entity731 included male sex, @entity6 , and a cumulative glucocorticoid dose of >=  20 gm. CONCLUSION: @entity731 is strongly associated with @entity1187 in @entity309 . @entity309 @entity1 with carotid plaque, multiple CV risk factors (particularly @entity6 or @entity101 ), many swollen joints, and a high cumulative dose of glucocorticoids, as well as @entity309 @entity1 who are @entity1 , are at high risk of @entity1187 .

title: Carotid @entity731 predicts incident @entity1187 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of @entity731 in the @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) that occur in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) has not been quantified in detail. We undertook this study to determine the extent to which @entity1187 are associated with @entity2998 in @entity309 . METHODS: We prospectively ascertained @entity1187 , defined as @entity583 , @entity1459 , @entity1167 , or @entity204 due to @entity741 , in an @entity309 cohort. We measured @entity2998 using high-resolution ultrasound. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between @entity1187 and @entity731 , adjusting for demographic features, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and @entity309 manifestations. RESULTS: We performed carotid ultrasound on 636 @entity1 whom we followed up for 3,402 @entity1 -years. During this time, 84 @entity1 experienced 121 new or recurrent @entity1187 events, a rate of 3.5 @entity1187 events per 100 @entity1 -years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.0-4.3). Among the 599 @entity1 without a history of @entity1187 , 66 incident @entity1187 events occurred over 3,085 @entity1 -years, an incidence of 2.1 @entity1187 events per 100 @entity1 -years (95% CI 1.7-2.7). The incidence of new @entity1187 events per 100 @entity1 -years was 1.1 (95% CI 0.6-1.7) among @entity1 without plaque, 2.5 (95% CI 1.7-3.8) among @entity1 with unilateral plaque, and 4.3 (95% CI 2.9-6.3) among @entity1 with bilateral plaque. Covariates associated with incident @entity1187 events independent of @entity731 included male sex, @entity6 , and a cumulative glucocorticoid dose of >=  20 gm. CONCLUSION: @entity731 is strongly associated with @entity1187 in @entity309 . @entity309 @entity1 with carotid plaque, multiple CV risk factors (particularly @entity6 or @entity101 ), many swollen joints, and a high cumulative dose of glucocorticoids, as well as @entity309 @entity1 who are @entity1 , are at high risk of @entity1187 .

title: Carotid XXXX predicts incident @entity1187 in @entity309 .

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of @entity731 in the @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) that occur in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) has not been quantified in detail. We undertook this study to determine the extent to which @entity1187 are associated with @entity2998 in @entity309 . METHODS: We prospectively ascertained @entity1187 , defined as @entity583 , @entity1459 , @entity1167 , or @entity204 due to @entity741 , in an @entity309 cohort. We measured @entity2998 using high-resolution ultrasound. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between @entity1187 and @entity731 , adjusting for demographic features, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and @entity309 manifestations. RESULTS: We performed carotid ultrasound on 636 @entity1 whom we followed up for 3,402 @entity1 -years. During this time, 84 @entity1 experienced 121 new or recurrent @entity1187 events, a rate of 3.5 @entity1187 events per 100 @entity1 -years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.0-4.3). Among the 599 @entity1 without a history of @entity1187 , 66 incident @entity1187 events occurred over 3,085 @entity1 -years, an incidence of 2.1 @entity1187 events per 100 @entity1 -years (95% CI 1.7-2.7). The incidence of new @entity1187 events per 100 @entity1 -years was 1.1 (95% CI 0.6-1.7) among @entity1 without plaque, 2.5 (95% CI 1.7-3.8) among @entity1 with unilateral plaque, and 4.3 (95% CI 2.9-6.3) among @entity1 with bilateral plaque. Covariates associated with incident @entity1187 events independent of @entity731 included male sex, @entity6 , and a cumulative glucocorticoid dose of >=  20 gm. CONCLUSION: @entity731 is strongly associated with @entity1187 in @entity309 . @entity309 @entity1 with carotid plaque, multiple CV risk factors (particularly @entity6 or @entity101 ), many swollen joints, and a high cumulative dose of glucocorticoids, as well as @entity309 @entity1 who are @entity1 , are at high risk of @entity1187 .

title: Carotid @entity731 predicts incident XXXX in @entity309 .

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndromes']


abstract: @entity173 ( @entity173 ) are the major problem in the geriatric traumatology and it is estimated that treatment of GHF will spend a large amount of health care resources. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare differences in incidence of operatively treated @entity1 with GHF, type of treatment depending of the type of @entity174 , early postoperative mortality, length of stay and costs of used implants within a 10 years period. Surgically treated 2478 @entity1 , older than 65 years with @entity173 were included in the study. @entity1 were grouped according to the type of @entity174 ( @entity2249 or @entity3330 ) and used implant. Results showed increasing trend in GHF in our County in the last 10 years. There was a shifting trend in used implants, and new surgical techniques were used more commonly in the last few years. In observed period there were no significant changes in revision surgery and length of hospital stay. The mortality decreased, especially in males, but generally it was not in correlation with used implant. At the 10-years period increase in @entity1 with GHF of 179% was followed with 4 time higher increase in implant prices. Present reimbursement in health care system does not calculate the difference of implant costs in hospital expenses, therefore proper usage of modern implants and careful planning in the treatment of GHF is necessary.

title: XXXX in elderly--ten years analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2249 :: ('MESH:D005265', 'Disease') :: ['femoral neck fracture']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['GHP', 'hip fractures', 'Geriatric hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['intertrochanteric femoral fracture']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['Hip fractures']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Research supports a bidirectional association between heavy @entity285 use and marital quality among couples. The current research extends previous research on the role of interpersonal perception by examining how partner drinking and perceiving one's partner's drinking as problematic are associated with subsequent marital outcomes. Specifically, we evaluated how perceiving one's partner to have a drinking problem was associated with marital functioning, and whether that association differed based on the partner's actual drinking. Married couples (N  =  123 dyads) with at least one spouse who consumed @entity285 regularly completed measures of @entity285 use and consequences, the perception that their spouse's drinking was problematic, and marital adjustment (i.e., relationship satisfaction, commitment, and trust). Results from actor-partner interdependence models using structural equations modeling indicated that for husbands, @entity10281 was associated with lower adjustment. Additionally, for husbands, perceiving their spouse had a drinking problem was associated with lower adjustment for both themselves and their wives. Moreover, significant interactions between partner drinking and the perception of partner drinking problem on marital adjustment emerged. Specifically, perceiving one's partner's drinking as a problem was only negatively associated with relationship adjustment if the partner reported higher levels of heavy drinking. This pattern was stronger for husbands. Results illustrate the importance of interpersonal perception, gender differences, and the use of dyadic data to model the complex dynamic between spouses with regard to @entity285 use and how it affects relationship outcomes.

title: An interdependent look at perceptions of XXXX and marital outcomes.

entities_list: @entity10281 :: ('MESH:D020920', 'Disease') :: ['partner heavy drinking']

answer: @entity10281 :: (MESH:D020920,Disease) :: ['spousal drinking problems']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Few studies have examined associations with the public's awareness and knowledge of the @entity1082 ) among Latina immigrants. The primary purpose of this study was to assess HPV awareness and knowledge, while examining demographic and healthcare utilization associations. METHODS: From 2007-2009 as part of a larger randomized control trial, 543 Latina immigrants living in Birmingham, Alabama completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: Only 47% of the @entity1 were aware of HPV. @entity1 aged 40-50 years were more likely to be aware of HPV than @entity1 19 to 29 (odds ratio [OR] 2.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34, 4.78). Having a Pap smear in the past year was associated with awareness (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.14, 2.90). Among those aware of HPV, the mean knowledge score was 7.5 out of 11. Deficiencies in knowledge were noted for vaccinations, genital warts, and the clearing of HPV without treatment. Multivariable analysis found a Pap smear in the past year (OR 4.10; 95% CI 1.93, 8.69), and number of HPV information sources (OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.09, 1.75) significantly associated with higher knowledge. Also, @entity1 aged 30 to 39 years and 40 to 50 were more likely to have higher HPV knowledge than those 19 to 29 (OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.35, 5.17 and OR 4.46; 95% CI 1.53, 12.98, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Less than half of the @entity1 were aware of HPV. However, among those aware, knowledge scores were high. Age and having a Pap smear within the last year were associated with HPV awareness and knowledge.

title: Awareness and knowledge about XXXX among Latina immigrants.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Women', 'women']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE/SETTING: The Toddler Overweight and @entity1547 Prevention Study (TOTS) was an overweight and early childhood caries (ECC) project in the Pacific Northwest. It targeted American Indian (AI) toddlers from birth, to effect changes in breastfeeding and sweetened beverage consumption. DESIGN/INTERVENTION/ @entity1 : The intervention cohort was @entity1 born in three communities during 12 months; expectant mothers were identified through prenatal visits, and recruited by tribal coordinators. The local comparison cohorts were @entity1 in those communities who were aged 18-30 months at study start. A control longitudinal cohort consisted of annual samples of @entity1 aged 18-30 months in a fourth community, supplying secular trends. OUTCOME MEASURES: d1-2mfs was used to identify incident caries in intervention, comparison, and control cohorts after 18-to-30 months of follow-up in 2006. RESULTS: No missing or filled teeth were found. For d1t, all three intervention cohorts showed statistically significant downward intervention effects, decreases of between 0.300 and 0.631 in terms of the fraction of affected mouths. The results for d2t were similar but of smaller magnitudes, decreases of between 0.342 and 0.449; these results met the .05 level for significance in two of three cases. In light of an estimated secular increase in dental caries in the control site, all three intervention cohorts showed improvements in both d1t and d1t. CONCLUSION: Simple interventions targeting sweetened beverage availability (in combination with related measures) reduced high tooth decay trends, and were both feasible and acceptable to the AI communities we studied.

title: XXXX in American Indian toddlers after a community-based beverage intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'children']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['Tooth Decay']

answer: @entity1547 :: (MESH:D003731,Disease) :: ['Dental caries']


abstract: The localization of proteasome epitopes in the @entity2 cell lines @entity1 , derived from a @entity151 , and MR65, derived from a @entity957 , was studied in relation to cell growth conditions. For this purpose the proteasome monoclonal antibodies MCP34 and MCP20 were applied to the cells growing under different nutritional conditions, resulting in different proliferative states. Using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy with brief fixation in @entity1042 (5 sec, -20 degrees C) followed by three dips in @entity1324 (5 sec at room temperature), it became obvious that the intracellular detectability of the proteasomes changes depending on the nutritional and proliferative status of the @entity5 cells. Two types of experiments were carried out: (1) cells were grown for two days at different cell densities, with an excess of culture medium, and (2) cells were seeded in a low cell density and monitored for 6 days without change of medium. In cells grown at low density, the proteasomes can be detected mainly in the nuclei, while the nucleoli are almost devoid of staining, and the cytoplasm is only slightly stained. In cells grown at high density, the staining pattern changes with a much less pronounced nuclear staining than in the cells at low density, while the cytoplasm remains slightly stained. In the nutrient depletion experiment similar changes were seen. In cells growing under favorable conditions (1 or 2 days in fresh medium) proteasomes are detected mainly in the nuclei, whereas when the medium becomes depleted of nutrients (4 or 5-day-old medium) the staining pattern changes to one with a much less pronounced nuclear staining. However, in immunofluorescence studies on cells grown under similar conditions but fixed in @entity1068 (-20 degrees C) for 15 min, the changes in proteasome localization pattern were not detected during medium depletion. Using this fixation protocol the proteasomes are detected mainly in the nuclei at all stages of the medium exhaustion experiment. These apparently contrasting results suggest that upon nutrient depletion the proteasome epitopes become less accessible to the antibodies used. Apparently, the epitopes can regain accessibility if an extended @entity1068 fixation is used. This hypothesis was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunoblotting experiments. In flow cytometry of @entity1068 -fixed cells the fluorescence intensity of only a minor part of the cell population decreases to some extent with medium depletion, but in the majority of the cells fluorescence remains at its initial level. The immunoblotting experiments show no quantitative changes in proteasome content of the @entity5 cells at the different growth conditions.

title: Changes in immunocytochemical detectability of proteasome epitopes depending on cell growth and fixation conditions of XXXX cell lines.

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Indexes @entity10166 and Mx have been formerly introduced to assess cerebral autoregulation and have been shown to be associated with 3-month clinical outcome. In a mixed cohort of neurocritical care @entity1 , we retrospectively investigated the impact of selected clinical characteristics on this association. Forty-one @entity1 (18-77  years) with severe traumatic ( @entity131 , N  =  20) and non-traumatic (N  =  21) @entity1545 were studied. Cerebral blood flow velocity, arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure were repeatedly recorded during 1-h periods. Calculated @entity10166 and Mx were correlated with 3-month clinical outcome score of @entity2653 ( @entity2653 ) in different subgroups with specific clinical characteristics. Both @entity10166 and Mx correlated significantly with outcome ( @entity10166 : r  =  0.38, p  <  0.05; AUC  =  0.64, n.s./Mx: r  =  0.48, p  <  0.005; AUC  =  0.80, p  <  0.005) in the overall group, and in @entity1 with hemicraniectomy (N  =  17; @entity10166 : r  =  0.73, p  <  0.001; AUC  =  0.89, p  <  0.01/Mx: r  =  0.69, p  <  0.005; AUC  =  0.87, p  <  0.05). Mx, not @entity10166 , correlated significantly with @entity2653 in @entity1 with @entity712 (N  =  17; r  =  0.69, p  <  0.005; AUC  =  0.92, p  <  0.005), and in non-traumatic @entity1 (r  =  0.49, p  <  0.05; AUC  =  0.79, p  <  0.05). @entity10166 , not Mx, correlated significantly with @entity2653 in @entity131 @entity1 (r  =  0.63, p  <  0.01; AUC  =  0.89, p  <  0.01). Both indexes did not correlate with @entity2653 in @entity6 @entity1 (N  =  15), @entity10166 failed in hypocapnic @entity1 (N  =  26). Both @entity10166 and Mx were significantly associated with 3-month clinical outcome, even in @entity1 with hemicraniectomy. @entity10166 was more appropriate for @entity131 @entity1 , while Mx was better suited for non-traumatic @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity712 . Prognostic values of indexes were affected by @entity6 (both Mx and @entity10166 ) and @entity13147 ( @entity10166 only).

title: Autoregulation monitoring and outcome prediction in neurocritical care XXXX : Does one index fit all?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injuries']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity2653 :: ('MESH:C538175', 'Disease') :: ['mRS', 'modified Rankin Scale']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity13147 :: ('MESH:D016857', 'Disease') :: ['hypocapnia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity157 remains a disease with poor prognosis. Liver resection, although the optimal method of management, is associated with a high incidence of @entity5 recurrence ranging between 50-70%, 12 to 18 months following surgery. This study assesses prospectively the results of liver resection as compared to liver resection combined with pre- and post-operative locoregional chemotherapy-immunotherapy in 40 @entity1 suffering from @entity157 . @entity1 were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A (20 @entity1 ) had liver resection only, while Group B (20 @entity1 ) had liver resection combined with pre- and past-operative targeting locoregional chemotherapy-immunotherapy. Five (5) @entity1 died in total: two from Group A and two from Group B, during the first 30 days following surgery due to reasons related to the procedure (post-operative @entity1578 in three, @entity1151 in one). The remaining @entity1 from Group A died 10 months following liver resection due to @entity5 recurrence. From Group A, 17 @entity1 are alive from 3 to 26 months after surgery. Of the 17 alive @entity1 , 10 are free of disease and 7 show intrahepatic recurrence. Thus, @entity5 intrahepatic recurrence occurred in 8 @entity1 of group A. From Group B, all 18 @entity1 are alive and free of disease from 4 to 27 months after surgery. No @entity1 died because of the disease nor has any @entity1 shown @entity5 recurrence. As a conclusion of the present results, liver resection combined with pre- and post-operative targeting locoregional immunotherapy-chemotherapy appears to offer substantial advantages for @entity1 undergoing surgery because of @entity157 .

title: XXXX : surgical resection versus surgical resection combined with pre- and post-operative locoregional immunotherapy-chemotherapy. A prospective randomized study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['Hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: @entity3102 , a new @entity8304 -derivative antifungal agent, has been studied in sixteen @entity1 with @entity364 . Seven @entity1 had deep localized infections (three cases with @entity55 and one case each with @entity293 , @entity4034 , @entity3225 and @entity298 ); three @entity1 suffered from granulomatous or @entity697 and six @entity1 had @entity364 . All @entity1 suffered from severe underlying diseases and/or predisposing factors such as antibiotic treatment, immunosuppressive therapy or indwelling catheters. @entity5132 was isolated in 13 cases, @entity7409 ( @entity295 ), Aspergillus ( @entity32269 ) and Mucor ( @entity55 ) in the other three cases. @entity3102 was administered orally at daily dosages of 400-800 mg; @entity4895 was associated in four cases. Out of the ten @entity1 with localized infections, seven were cured and three improved. Two of the six septic @entity1 were cured, one improved who subsequently died from Pseudomonas @entity326 and three @entity1 showed no improvement. Two relapses were recorded, both followed by further eradication. The tolerance of the drug was always excellent. @entity3102 proved a very effective and well-tolerated drug in @entity281 , caused by opportunistic fungi in high-risk @entity1 .

title: @entity3102 : clinical evaluation in severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute mucocutaneous infections']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['Ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity4895 :: ('MESH:D005437', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorocytosine']

entities_list: @entity8304 :: ('MESH:C029899', 'Chemical') :: ['imidazole']

entities_list: @entity7409 :: ('5480', 'Species') :: ['C. parapsilosis']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['systemic infections']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal septicemia', 'systemic fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity32269 :: ('MESH:C535922', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary infection']

answer: @entity364 :: (MESH:D009181,Disease) :: ['fungal infections']


abstract: @entity3102 , a new @entity8304 -derivative antifungal agent, has been studied in sixteen @entity1 with @entity364 . Seven @entity1 had deep localized infections (three cases with @entity55 and one case each with @entity293 , @entity4034 , @entity3225 and @entity298 ); three @entity1 suffered from granulomatous or @entity697 and six @entity1 had @entity364 . All @entity1 suffered from severe underlying diseases and/or predisposing factors such as antibiotic treatment, immunosuppressive therapy or indwelling catheters. @entity5132 was isolated in 13 cases, @entity7409 ( @entity295 ), Aspergillus ( @entity32269 ) and Mucor ( @entity55 ) in the other three cases. @entity3102 was administered orally at daily dosages of 400-800 mg; @entity4895 was associated in four cases. Out of the ten @entity1 with localized infections, seven were cured and three improved. Two of the six septic @entity1 were cured, one improved who subsequently died from Pseudomonas @entity326 and three @entity1 showed no improvement. Two relapses were recorded, both followed by further eradication. The tolerance of the drug was always excellent. @entity3102 proved a very effective and well-tolerated drug in @entity281 , caused by opportunistic fungi in high-risk @entity1 .

title: XXXX : clinical evaluation in severe @entity364 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity3102 :: (MESH:D007654,Chemical) :: ['Ketoconazole']


abstract: The clinical course and outcome of 31 @entity1 suffering from @entity0 with documented pleural involvement was reviewed retrospectively. These 31 @entity1 represent 14% of all @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 seen in our Institution between 1977 and 1982. Most effusions were unilateral and ipsilateral to the affected breast, and the median interval from diagnosis of @entity0 to detection of @entity1143 was 32 months (range 0 to 84). In 55% of the @entity1 , the effusion represented the first site of failure; in @entity1 with known @entity3 , the median interval from initial failure to the development of @entity1143 was 12 months. Local recurrence in the affected breast or chest wall very frequently preceded the onset of an ipsilateral effusion. Once pleural fluid developed, spread to other visceral organs was common. Treatment regimens were far from uniform and included systemic chemotherapy, hormone therapy or both, as well as intrapleural treatment; 10 of 22 @entity1 (45%) given any form of therapy other than thoracentesis had a significant decrease in the amount of the effusion, including 3 @entity1 with a complete response. The median survival of all @entity1 from the onset of the effusion was 7 months (1-72); complete responders survived a median of 15 months whereas progressors had a median survival of 5 months only. Prognostic characteristics associated with a prolonged survival were: a unilateral effusion, ipsilateral to the @entity5 ; effusion as first site of relapse, and mainly, an objective response to therapy. Although this is a small series, @entity1 given both systemic and intracavitary treatment achieved best results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity1143 in XXXX : influence upon clinical course and survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: The clinical course and outcome of 31 @entity1 suffering from @entity0 with documented pleural involvement was reviewed retrospectively. These 31 @entity1 represent 14% of all @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 seen in our Institution between 1977 and 1982. Most effusions were unilateral and ipsilateral to the affected breast, and the median interval from diagnosis of @entity0 to detection of @entity1143 was 32 months (range 0 to 84). In 55% of the @entity1 , the effusion represented the first site of failure; in @entity1 with known @entity3 , the median interval from initial failure to the development of @entity1143 was 12 months. Local recurrence in the affected breast or chest wall very frequently preceded the onset of an ipsilateral effusion. Once pleural fluid developed, spread to other visceral organs was common. Treatment regimens were far from uniform and included systemic chemotherapy, hormone therapy or both, as well as intrapleural treatment; 10 of 22 @entity1 (45%) given any form of therapy other than thoracentesis had a significant decrease in the amount of the effusion, including 3 @entity1 with a complete response. The median survival of all @entity1 from the onset of the effusion was 7 months (1-72); complete responders survived a median of 15 months whereas progressors had a median survival of 5 months only. Prognostic characteristics associated with a prolonged survival were: a unilateral effusion, ipsilateral to the @entity5 ; effusion as first site of relapse, and mainly, an objective response to therapy. Although this is a small series, @entity1 given both systemic and intracavitary treatment achieved best results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX in @entity0 : influence upon clinical course and survival.

answer: @entity1143 :: (MESH:D010996,Disease) :: ['Pleural effusion']


abstract: A total of 33 @entity1 (median age, 44 years) with high-grade, adult soft-tissue @entity242 were treated with @entity2879 given at 600 mg/m2 in a 72-h continuous infusion and @entity1260 given at 1500 mg/m2 per day for 3 days every 3 weeks. Dose escalation/reduction was protocolled depending on the level of hematological @entity137 observed in the preceding course. Overall, 90% of @entity1 had @entity3 , and the most common histologies were @entity1418 and @entity1822 . A median of 5 (range, 1-9) courses were given. Of 30 @entity1 who were evaluable for response, 12 (40%) obtained a partial remission, and the median time to progression was 8 (range, 4-13) months. Grade 3-4 @entity1431 and @entity882 were seen after 89% and 8% of the courses, respectively; @entity221 was seen in half of the @entity1 (15% of courses); and 32% of courses had to be postponed by 7 days or more due to myelosuppression. Dose reduction to below the standard had to be performed in 46% of courses, and dose escalation was achieved in only 13%. The reduced @entity137 seen after the addition of @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) in five @entity1 indicates that growth-factor support may enhance the dose intensity of the regimen. The results indicate significant activity for this regimen in adult soft-tissue @entity242 , which may in part be a result of the escalated dose and prolonged mode of administration of the phase-specific agent @entity2879 . As a result of this pilot series, a phase II study with @entity1260 , @entity2879 , and @entity1261 in advanced adult soft-tissue @entity242 has been initiated by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group.

title: Treatment of advanced, high-grade soft-tissue @entity242 with XXXX and continuous-infusion @entity2879 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity1418 :: ('MESH:D051677', 'Disease') :: ['malignant fibrous histiocytoma']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic fever']

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['ifosfamide']


abstract: A total of 33 @entity1 (median age, 44 years) with high-grade, adult soft-tissue @entity242 were treated with @entity2879 given at 600 mg/m2 in a 72-h continuous infusion and @entity1260 given at 1500 mg/m2 per day for 3 days every 3 weeks. Dose escalation/reduction was protocolled depending on the level of hematological @entity137 observed in the preceding course. Overall, 90% of @entity1 had @entity3 , and the most common histologies were @entity1418 and @entity1822 . A median of 5 (range, 1-9) courses were given. Of 30 @entity1 who were evaluable for response, 12 (40%) obtained a partial remission, and the median time to progression was 8 (range, 4-13) months. Grade 3-4 @entity1431 and @entity882 were seen after 89% and 8% of the courses, respectively; @entity221 was seen in half of the @entity1 (15% of courses); and 32% of courses had to be postponed by 7 days or more due to myelosuppression. Dose reduction to below the standard had to be performed in 46% of courses, and dose escalation was achieved in only 13%. The reduced @entity137 seen after the addition of @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) in five @entity1 indicates that growth-factor support may enhance the dose intensity of the regimen. The results indicate significant activity for this regimen in adult soft-tissue @entity242 , which may in part be a result of the escalated dose and prolonged mode of administration of the phase-specific agent @entity2879 . As a result of this pilot series, a phase II study with @entity1260 , @entity2879 , and @entity1261 in advanced adult soft-tissue @entity242 has been initiated by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group.

title: Treatment of advanced, high-grade soft-tissue @entity242 with @entity1260 and continuous-infusion XXXX .

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['etoposide']


abstract: A total of 33 @entity1 (median age, 44 years) with high-grade, adult soft-tissue @entity242 were treated with @entity2879 given at 600 mg/m2 in a 72-h continuous infusion and @entity1260 given at 1500 mg/m2 per day for 3 days every 3 weeks. Dose escalation/reduction was protocolled depending on the level of hematological @entity137 observed in the preceding course. Overall, 90% of @entity1 had @entity3 , and the most common histologies were @entity1418 and @entity1822 . A median of 5 (range, 1-9) courses were given. Of 30 @entity1 who were evaluable for response, 12 (40%) obtained a partial remission, and the median time to progression was 8 (range, 4-13) months. Grade 3-4 @entity1431 and @entity882 were seen after 89% and 8% of the courses, respectively; @entity221 was seen in half of the @entity1 (15% of courses); and 32% of courses had to be postponed by 7 days or more due to myelosuppression. Dose reduction to below the standard had to be performed in 46% of courses, and dose escalation was achieved in only 13%. The reduced @entity137 seen after the addition of @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) in five @entity1 indicates that growth-factor support may enhance the dose intensity of the regimen. The results indicate significant activity for this regimen in adult soft-tissue @entity242 , which may in part be a result of the escalated dose and prolonged mode of administration of the phase-specific agent @entity2879 . As a result of this pilot series, a phase II study with @entity1260 , @entity2879 , and @entity1261 in advanced adult soft-tissue @entity242 has been initiated by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group.

title: Treatment of advanced, high-grade soft-tissue XXXX with @entity1260 and continuous-infusion @entity2879 .

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: The translation into Spanish of the AUA/International Prostatic Symptom (AUA/ @entity3465 ) Score hadn't been validated in spanish. METHODS. AUA/ @entity3465 questionnaire was self administered by 103 consecutive @entity1 and by 24 healthy volunteers. An alternative formulation to question 4 (ALT-4) was added. RESULTS. 51 @entity1 (49%) and 17 controls (79%) completed al questions (Feasibility). Reliability was measured by: a) Crohnbach's alpha (0.68 and 0.70 with ALT-4) b) Kendall's coefficient of concordance (0.097, significance < 0.001) and c) retesting 17 @entity1 within 2 months. The relation of the AUA/ @entity3465 scores with quality of life (Construct validity) showed a Spearman's correlation coefficient of 0.57 (confidence = 0.0001), and 0.52/0.0004 with ALT-4. The relation with uroflowmetry (Concurrent empirical validity) was poor as shown in ROC curves. CONCLUSIONS. The Spanish version of the AUA/ @entity3465 questionnaire given in an easy format improves feasibility without alteration of reliability or validity. The relation of the AUA/ @entity3465 score with uroflowmetry is poor, although the questionnaire can be considered valid and reliable.

title: [The IPPS questionnaire in XXXX and controls. Psychometric validation].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Twenty-eight @entity1 with @entity1694 were treated with a new photochemotherapeutic regimen using khellin, a @entity73132 , as photosensitizer, together with @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ) irradiation. Twenty-five @entity1 received khellin orally and three @entity1 were treated with topical khellin. Treatments were given three times weekly. As opposed to psoralens, @entity73133 did not induce @entity272 with @entity1129 but it induced repigmentation similar to psoralens. The treatment success strongly depended on the number of treatments. More than 70% repigmentation was achieved in 41% of the @entity1 who had received 100 to 200 treatments. This success rate is comparable to the rate obtained with psoralens. Seven @entity1 experienced a mild elevation of liver transaminases within the early treatment phase and their treatments were discontinued. No long-term internal organ or skin @entity137 was observed. The major advantage of khellin is that it does not lead to @entity6337 skin erythema and thus can be considered safe for home treatment. Because of its photochemistry it may be considered less hazardous than psoralens regarding mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.

title: Treatment of XXXX with khellin and @entity1129 .

entities_list: @entity6337 :: ('MESH:D017484', 'Disease') :: ['phototoxic']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['ultraviolet A', 'UVA']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin phototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity73132 :: ('MESH:C477662', 'Chemical') :: ['furanochromone']

answer: @entity1694 :: (MESH:D014820,Disease) :: ['vitiligo']


abstract: Twenty-eight @entity1 with @entity1694 were treated with a new photochemotherapeutic regimen using khellin, a @entity73132 , as photosensitizer, together with @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ) irradiation. Twenty-five @entity1 received khellin orally and three @entity1 were treated with topical khellin. Treatments were given three times weekly. As opposed to psoralens, @entity73133 did not induce @entity272 with @entity1129 but it induced repigmentation similar to psoralens. The treatment success strongly depended on the number of treatments. More than 70% repigmentation was achieved in 41% of the @entity1 who had received 100 to 200 treatments. This success rate is comparable to the rate obtained with psoralens. Seven @entity1 experienced a mild elevation of liver transaminases within the early treatment phase and their treatments were discontinued. No long-term internal organ or skin @entity137 was observed. The major advantage of khellin is that it does not lead to @entity6337 skin erythema and thus can be considered safe for home treatment. Because of its photochemistry it may be considered less hazardous than psoralens regarding mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.

title: Treatment of @entity1694 with khellin and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1129 :: (MESH:D001260,Disease) :: ['ultraviolet A']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the gross features of articular cartilage wear in @entity626 , and discuss the risk factors for lateral compartmental cartilage @entity2681 . METHODS: Data prospectively collected from the dissection of 286 total knee arthroplasties (223 @entity1 ) with @entity626 from January 2013 to December 2013 were analyzed. At the operation, the gross assessments of articular cartilage, ligament and meniscus were recorded, and then the slices were evaluated for histologic analysis. Parameters of the @entity1 with lateral compartmental cartilage @entity2681 were compared with those without lateral compartmental cartilage @entity2681 using the univariate analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors associated with lateral compartmental cartilage @entity2681 . RESULTS: There were 223 @entity1 with 286 knees were included,including 37 male @entity1 (47 knees) and 189 female @entity1 (239 knees), with an average age of (66  8) years (range 50-86 years), body mass index (BMI) was (27  5) kg/m(2) (18.0-40.0 kg/m(2)). Varus degree was 8    4   (1  -34  ). Range of motion was 103    21   (0  -143  ), and @entity580 ( @entity580 ) score was 53  12 (29-76). Seventy-five knees (60 @entity1 ) showed lateral compartmental cartilage wear (26.2%). Environmental factors showed no differences in age, side, gender, BMI, range of motion,and @entity580 score (P>0.05). Factors significantly increasing the risk of lateral compartmental cartilage wear by univariate analysis included varus degree, activity level, duration of onset, meniscus, Weidow grade, Kellgren-Lawrence grade, collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament (P<0.05). Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed the factors most highly associated with the increase risk for lateral compartmental wear were high activity level (OR=2.843, 95% CI: 1.010-8.002) and longer duration of onset (OR=1.216, 95% CI: 1.115-1.325). However, intact lateral meniscus (OR=0.012, 95% CI: 0.003-0.048) and anterior cruciate ligament (OR=0.406, 95% CI: 0.192-0.857) were associated with the protection of lateral compartmental. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity626 , the wear incidence of lateral compartmental is low. High activity and increased duration of onset are risk factors of lateral compartmental wear, and intact meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament are protective factors.

title: [Risk factors for lateral compartmental cartilage wear in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['varus knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['Hospital for Special Surgery', 'HSS']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['varus knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: Areca (betel) nuts are popularly used as chewing agents. The nuts are chewed as such or processed by roasting, sundrying, soaking or boiling prior to chewing. Various agents such as slaked lime, @entity286 , betel leaves are often incorporated into the chew. The habits of betel chewing are closely associated with @entity5 and @entity1613 . The literature is repleted with numerous works on carcinogenicity of areca nut. It was demonstrated that the incorporation of lime and @entity286 to the nut increase the incidence of mucosal changes. Chewers of soaked or boiled nuts demonstrated lower incidence of mucosal changes than those chewers of raw, sundried or roasted nuts. Estimation of the active chemical constituents in the nuts namely @entity6327 and @entity6398 following nut treatments by sundrying, roasting, soaking and boiling, revealed reduction in these chemical contents. Marked reductions were observed when the nuts were subjected to soaking and boiling. These reductions may explain for the different in the incidence of the mucosal changes among users of different processed nut varieties.

title: Fate of betel nut chemical constituents following nut treatment prior to chewing and its relation to oral precancerous _ XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions']

entities_list: @entity6398 :: ('MESH:D059808', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenols']

entities_list: @entity6327 :: ('MESH:D001115', 'Chemical') :: ['arecoline']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancerous lesion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with advanced @entity978 ( @entity978 ), the alternation of MOPP with ABVD or hybrid MOPP/ABVD are associated with a high CR rate and a high probability of 5-year survival. However, even after effective chemotherapy the risk of nodal relapse is not negligible, and not only in initial bulky site(s) of disease. For this reason, in an attempt to prevent relapses after combination chemotherapy alone, we performed a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and toxic effects of 6 courses of hybrid MOPP/ABVD followed by radiotherapy (RT) in stages II A bulky, II B, III and also in stage IV with @entity66 of residual after chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: From January 1985 to August 1993, 133 @entity1 with @entity978 (128 newly diagnosed, stage II A bulky-IV, 5 in first relapse after RT) were treated according to the following program: 6 courses of the hybrid MOPP/ABVD regimen followed by RT (STNI + spleen in stages II A, II B, III without pelvic lymph node involvement, TNI + spleen in stage III with pelvic lymph node involvement, involved field in stage IV with @entity66 or residual after chemotherapy). The total dose of RT was 4000 cGy to the sites of bulky or residual disease and 2000 cGy to the other sites. RESULTS: After hybrid MOPP/ABVD, 107 of 130 (82.3%) fully evaluable @entity1 were classified as in CR or CR(U). After completion of RT, 108 @entity1 were in CR and 3 were in PR, for an overall response rate of 85%. With a median follow-up duration of 45 months, the actuarial 5-year survival is 76% and the progression-free survival 68.6%. So far, only 14 @entity1 have relapsed (6 within the irradiation field) and the 5-year relapse-free survival is 82.5%. CONCLUSION: Six courses of hybrid MOPP/ABVD followed by RT in stages II A bulky, II B, III and in stage IV with @entity66 or residual after chemotherapy produced a high CR rate with low risk of relapse. However, a longer follow-up is necessary to evaluate the late effects of combined therapy.

title: Hybrid MOPP/ABVD and radiotherapy in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['bulky disease']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intermediate surgical results of @entity726 valve (AGV) implantation in @entity1 less than 7 years of age, with advanced primary @entity10064 who have failed previous surgeries. @entity1 AND METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with advanced primary @entity10064 that failed previous operations and had undergone subsequent AGV implantation were evaluated retrospectively. Surgical success was defined as 1) intraocular pressure (IOP) >= 6 and  <=21 mmHg; 2) IOP reduction of at least 30% relative to preoperative values; and 3) without the need for additional surgical intervention for IOP control, loss of light perception, or serious complications. RESULTS: Fourteen eyes of eleven @entity1 were studied. Preoperatively, the average axial length was 27.71  1.52 (25.56-30.80) mm, corneal diameter was 14.71  1.07 (13.0-16.0) mm, cup-to-disc ratio was 0.95  0.04 (0.9-1.0), and IOP was 39.5  5.7 (30-55) mmHg. The mean follow-up time was 18.29  10.96 (5-44, median 18) months. There were significant reductions in IOPs and the number of @entity726 medications (P<0.001) postoperatively. The IOPs after operation were 11.3  3.4, 13.6  5.1, 16.3  2.7, and 16.1  2.6 mmHg at 1 month, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months, respectively. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the cumulative probability of valve success were 85.7%, 71.4%, and 71.4% at 6, 12, and 18 months, respectively. Severe surgical complications, including erosion of tube, @entity3225 , @entity1713 , @entity1713 , and delayed @entity548 , occurred in 28.6% cases. CONCLUSION: AGV implantation remains a viable option for @entity1 with advanced primary @entity10064 unresponsive to previous surgical intervention, despite a relatively high incidence of severe surgical complications.

title: Outcomes of XXXX valve implantation in advanced primary @entity10064 with previous surgical failure.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['suprachoroidal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal detachment', 'retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Ahmed glaucoma', 'glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity10064 :: ('MESH:C565547', 'Disease') :: ['congenital glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Ahmed glaucoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intermediate surgical results of @entity726 valve (AGV) implantation in @entity1 less than 7 years of age, with advanced primary @entity10064 who have failed previous surgeries. @entity1 AND METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 with advanced primary @entity10064 that failed previous operations and had undergone subsequent AGV implantation were evaluated retrospectively. Surgical success was defined as 1) intraocular pressure (IOP) >= 6 and  <=21 mmHg; 2) IOP reduction of at least 30% relative to preoperative values; and 3) without the need for additional surgical intervention for IOP control, loss of light perception, or serious complications. RESULTS: Fourteen eyes of eleven @entity1 were studied. Preoperatively, the average axial length was 27.71  1.52 (25.56-30.80) mm, corneal diameter was 14.71  1.07 (13.0-16.0) mm, cup-to-disc ratio was 0.95  0.04 (0.9-1.0), and IOP was 39.5  5.7 (30-55) mmHg. The mean follow-up time was 18.29  10.96 (5-44, median 18) months. There were significant reductions in IOPs and the number of @entity726 medications (P<0.001) postoperatively. The IOPs after operation were 11.3  3.4, 13.6  5.1, 16.3  2.7, and 16.1  2.6 mmHg at 1 month, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months, respectively. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the cumulative probability of valve success were 85.7%, 71.4%, and 71.4% at 6, 12, and 18 months, respectively. Severe surgical complications, including erosion of tube, @entity3225 , @entity1713 , @entity1713 , and delayed @entity548 , occurred in 28.6% cases. CONCLUSION: AGV implantation remains a viable option for @entity1 with advanced primary @entity10064 unresponsive to previous surgical intervention, despite a relatively high incidence of severe surgical complications.

title: Outcomes of @entity726 valve implantation in advanced primary XXXX with previous surgical failure.

answer: @entity10064 :: (MESH:C565547,Disease) :: ['congenital glaucoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The acoustic signal is crucial for animals to obtain information from the surrounding environment. Like other sensory modalities, the central auditory system undergoes adaptive changes (i.e., plasticity) during the developmental stage as well as other stages of life. Owing to its plasticity, auditory centers may be susceptible to various factors, such as medical intervention, variation in ambient acoustic signals and lesion of the peripheral hearing organ. There are critical periods during which auditory centers are vulnerable to abnormal experiences. Particularly in the early postnatal development period, aural inputs are essential for functional maturity of auditory centers. An @entity1949 model, which can be achieved by attenuating or blocking the peripheral acoustic afferent input to the auditory center, is ideal for investigating plastic changes of auditory centers. Generally, auditory plasticity includes structural and functional changes, some of which can be irreversible. @entity1949 can distort tonotopic maps, disrupt the binaural integration, reorganize the neural network and change the synaptic transmission in the primary auditory cortex or at lower levels of the auditory system. The regulation of specific gene expression and the modified signal pathway may be the deep molecular mechanism of these plastic changes. By studying this model, researchers may explore the pathogenesis of @entity393 and reveal plastic changes of the auditory cortex, facilitating the therapeutic advancement in @entity1 with severe @entity393 . After summarizing developmental features of auditory centers in auditory deprived animals and discussing changes of central auditory remodeling in @entity393 @entity1 , we aim at stressing the significant of an early and well-designed auditory training program for the hearing rehabilitation.

title: Central plasticity and dysfunction elicited by XXXX in the critical period.

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['Aural deprivation', 'aural deprivation']

answer: @entity1949 :: (MESH:D012892,Disease) :: ['aural deprivation']


abstract: Serum amylase shows the greatest increase among the various pancreatic enzymes that increase at the onset of acute @entity788 . However, the diagnostic value of the total serum amylase activity has been questioned due to its lack of specificity. To differentiate @entity12828 due to @entity660 from that due to other causes, the activity of pancreatic amylase should be determined by using a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to pancreatic or salivary amylase, or by electrophoresis. The most useful and accurate method for distinguishing pancreatic from salivary-type @entity12828 is isoamylase analysis by electrophoresis. In @entity1 with acute @entity788 , increase of Amylase-1 and -2 is accompanied by the appearance of Amylase-4, a minor component of the pancreatic-type isoamylases, and by disappearance of the salivary-type isoenzymes, thereby leaving a pattern of the pancreatic isoenzymes alone. This @entity788 pattern persists for about 10 days after the onset of illness. Therefore, if such a pattern is found in a @entity1 with clinical findings suggesting acute @entity788 despite a normal serum amylase level, the @entity1 can be diagnosed as having acute @entity788 or a recent attack of the disease. However, the existence of an inherited trait of the @entity788 pattern in some healthy individuals must be borne in mind. @entity1 with recurrent chronic @entity788 also show @entity788 , whereas the pancreatic amylase activity decreases when pancreatic exocrine insufficiency progresses. @entity12828 due to elevated salivary amylase activity is also common in @entity1 with @entity6 or @entity5 such as @entity2 ( @entity420 ). @entity12828 is also found following various types of operation. In most cases, it is salivary-type @entity12828 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Usefulness of amylase isoenzyme determination for the diagnosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic-type hyperamylasemia', 'pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic ketosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic disease']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity12828 :: ('MESH:D034321', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperamylasemia', 'hyperamylasemia']

answer: @entity660 :: (MESH:D010182,Disease) :: ['pancreatic diseases']


abstract: PURPOSE: Diagnosing @entity528 ( @entity751 ) and @entity7463 ( @entity7463 ) is often difficult due to the wide variety of symptoms and @entity3928 in the similar clinical courses and neurological findings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of white matter (WM) @entity194 for the diagnosis of @entity1 with clinically diagnosed @entity751 ( @entity751 , @entity7611 ) and @entity7463 ( @entity7463 , @entity9712 ). METHODS: We randomly divided the 3D T1-weighted MR images of 18 @entity7611 @entity1 , 33 @entity9712 @entity1 , and 32 age-matched controls into two groups. We obtained segmented WM images in the first group using Voxel-based specific regional analysis system for @entity195 (VSRAD) based on statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 8 plus diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra. A target volume of interest (VOI) for disease-specific @entity194 was subsequently determined in this group using SPM8 group analyses of WM @entity194 between @entity1 groups and controls. We then evaluated the utility of these VOIs for diagnosing @entity7611 and @entity9712 @entity1 in the second group. Z score values in these VOIs were used as the determinant in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. RESULTS: Specific target VOIs were determined in the bilateral frontal subcortical WM for @entity7611 and in the midbrain tegmentum for @entity9712 . In ROC analyses, the target VOIs of @entity7611 and @entity9712 compared to those of controls exhibited an area under curve (AUC) of 0.99 and 0.84, respectively, which indicated an adequate diagnostic power. The VOI of @entity7611 revealed a higher AUC than that of @entity9712 for differentiating between @entity7611 and @entity9712 (AUC, 0.75 vs 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral frontal WM volume reduction demonstrated a higher power for differentiating @entity7611 from @entity9712 . This VOI analysis is useful for clinically diagnosing @entity7611 and @entity9712 .

title: The feasibility of white matter volume reduction analysis using SPM8 plus DARTEL for the diagnosis of @entity1 with clinically diagnosed @entity751 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['CBD', 'corticobasal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity7463 :: ('MESH:D013494', 'Disease') :: ['progressive supranuclear palsy', "Richardson's syndrome", 'PSP']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['corticobasal degeneration']

answer: @entity7463 :: (MESH:D013494,Disease) :: ['Richardson's syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: Diagnosing @entity528 ( @entity751 ) and @entity7463 ( @entity7463 ) is often difficult due to the wide variety of symptoms and @entity3928 in the similar clinical courses and neurological findings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of white matter (WM) @entity194 for the diagnosis of @entity1 with clinically diagnosed @entity751 ( @entity751 , @entity7611 ) and @entity7463 ( @entity7463 , @entity9712 ). METHODS: We randomly divided the 3D T1-weighted MR images of 18 @entity7611 @entity1 , 33 @entity9712 @entity1 , and 32 age-matched controls into two groups. We obtained segmented WM images in the first group using Voxel-based specific regional analysis system for @entity195 (VSRAD) based on statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 8 plus diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra. A target volume of interest (VOI) for disease-specific @entity194 was subsequently determined in this group using SPM8 group analyses of WM @entity194 between @entity1 groups and controls. We then evaluated the utility of these VOIs for diagnosing @entity7611 and @entity9712 @entity1 in the second group. Z score values in these VOIs were used as the determinant in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. RESULTS: Specific target VOIs were determined in the bilateral frontal subcortical WM for @entity7611 and in the midbrain tegmentum for @entity9712 . In ROC analyses, the target VOIs of @entity7611 and @entity9712 compared to those of controls exhibited an area under curve (AUC) of 0.99 and 0.84, respectively, which indicated an adequate diagnostic power. The VOI of @entity7611 revealed a higher AUC than that of @entity9712 for differentiating between @entity7611 and @entity9712 (AUC, 0.75 vs 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral frontal WM volume reduction demonstrated a higher power for differentiating @entity7611 from @entity9712 . This VOI analysis is useful for clinically diagnosing @entity7611 and @entity9712 .

title: The feasibility of white matter volume reduction analysis using SPM8 plus DARTEL for the diagnosis of @entity1 with clinically diagnosed XXXX and @entity7463 .

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['corticobasal syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: Diagnosing @entity528 ( @entity751 ) and @entity7463 ( @entity7463 ) is often difficult due to the wide variety of symptoms and @entity3928 in the similar clinical courses and neurological findings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of white matter (WM) @entity194 for the diagnosis of @entity1 with clinically diagnosed @entity751 ( @entity751 , @entity7611 ) and @entity7463 ( @entity7463 , @entity9712 ). METHODS: We randomly divided the 3D T1-weighted MR images of 18 @entity7611 @entity1 , 33 @entity9712 @entity1 , and 32 age-matched controls into two groups. We obtained segmented WM images in the first group using Voxel-based specific regional analysis system for @entity195 (VSRAD) based on statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 8 plus diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra. A target volume of interest (VOI) for disease-specific @entity194 was subsequently determined in this group using SPM8 group analyses of WM @entity194 between @entity1 groups and controls. We then evaluated the utility of these VOIs for diagnosing @entity7611 and @entity9712 @entity1 in the second group. Z score values in these VOIs were used as the determinant in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. RESULTS: Specific target VOIs were determined in the bilateral frontal subcortical WM for @entity7611 and in the midbrain tegmentum for @entity9712 . In ROC analyses, the target VOIs of @entity7611 and @entity9712 compared to those of controls exhibited an area under curve (AUC) of 0.99 and 0.84, respectively, which indicated an adequate diagnostic power. The VOI of @entity7611 revealed a higher AUC than that of @entity9712 for differentiating between @entity7611 and @entity9712 (AUC, 0.75 vs 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral frontal WM volume reduction demonstrated a higher power for differentiating @entity7611 from @entity9712 . This VOI analysis is useful for clinically diagnosing @entity7611 and @entity9712 .

title: The feasibility of white matter volume reduction analysis using SPM8 plus DARTEL for the diagnosis of XXXX with clinically diagnosed @entity751 and @entity7463 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Deletions of the short arm of chromosome 11 have been identified by both cytogenetic and molecular criteria in @entity150 , indicating the presence of one or more suppressor loci in this region. To localize the 11p deletion target(s) more precisely and to screen for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on the long arm of the chromosome, 100 @entity150 were analyzed for LOH on chromosome 11 using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and microsatellite markers mapped to both 11p and 11q. Thirty-four @entity5 were found to have LOH at 1 or more loci. Of these, 17 had LOH restricted to 11p, 13 had LOH of both 11p and 11q, and 4 had LOH of 11q only. @entity5 showed LOH at all informative loci indicating probable loss of an entire copy of chromosome 11. A common region of deletion was defined on 11p between D11S922 (11p15.5) and D11S569 (11p15.1-15.2). This region does not include the @entity8498 or @entity8587 loci (at 11p15.5 and 11p13, respectively). Seventeen @entity5 had LOH on 11q, 4 of which had LOH on 11q only. The common region of deletion on 11q was between @entity10006 and D11S490 (11q13-q23.2). Two @entity5 showed LOH on both 11p and 11q with a clear region of retention of heterozygosity between, indicating the existence of two deletion targets on chromosome 11.

title: Deletion mapping of chromosome 11 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Eight tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumors', 'bladder and other types of solid tumor']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the bladder']


abstract: The @entity12360 ( @entity12360 ), @entity1133 soluble (US) and @entity1133 insoluble (UI) fractions from individual @entity1 lenses 1.8 to 65 years of age were isolated from concentric fiber layers. In lenses younger than 19 years, a uniform distribution in the amount of @entity12360 , US and UI fractions was found throughout the entire lens. These fractions represent 83, 11.5 and 5.5%, respectively, of the lens dry weight. This composition was observed with the cortical fibers of all lenses examined up to the 65-year old. In the nuclear fiber layers, the proportion of US protein gradually increases in the third to fourth decade of lens growth and appears to have reached a maximum representing 22-24% of the nuclear fiber mass in 50-year and older lenses. A large increase in the amount of the UI fraction to 30% of the fiber mass was observed in lenses between the 5th and 6th decade of lens growth. The change from the cortical to nuclear composition occurs in a narrow region of the lens which becomes more peripheral with aging. The cortical @entity12360 fractions were characterized by well defined @entity2975 gel bands in @entity3208 ( @entity214 ). Those of the nuclear fibers were broadened, especially in the 27/29 and 16/18 kilodalton (KD) region. The disappearance of the 20/22 KD bands in the inner cortical and nuclear fibers cannot be accounted for by the small increase in protein insolubilization in these regions of lenses 40 years or younger.

title: Changes in lens protein in concentric fractions from individual normal XXXX lenses.

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity12360 :: ('MESH:C565532', 'Disease') :: ['WS', 'water soluble']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity1 @entity2280 + cells were subfractionated into three size classes using counterflow centrifugal elutriation followed by immunoadsorption to @entity852 cell separation devices. The three @entity2280 + cell fractions (Fr), Fr 25/29, Fr 33/37, and Fr RO, had mean sizes of 8.5, 9.3 and 13.5 microns, respectively. The majority of cells in the large Fr RO @entity2280 + cell population expressed the committed stage antigens @entity1116 , @entity1075 , @entity3053 , or HLA-DR and contained the majority of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units ( @entity8116 ), burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E), and CFU-mixed lineage (GEMM). In contrast, the small Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cells were devoid of committed cell surface antigens and lacked colony-forming activity. When seeded to allogeneic stroma, Fr RO @entity2280 + cells produced few @entity8116 at week 5, whereas cells from the Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cell population showed a 30- to 55-fold expansion of myeloid progenitors at this same time point. Furthermore, @entity2280 + cells from each size fraction supported ontogeny of T cells in @entity1 thymus/liver grafts in @entity466 ( @entity466 ) @entity19 . Upon cell cycle analyses, greater than 97% of the Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cells were in G0/G1 phase, whereas greater proportions of the two larger @entity2280 + cell fractions were in active cell cycle. Binding of the cytokines @entity1192 , @entity2772 , @entity650 , @entity6826 ( @entity6826 ), @entity10557 , @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ), and @entity2841 to these @entity2280 + cell populations was also analyzed by flow cytometry. As compared with the larger @entity2280 + cell fractions, cells in the small Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cell population possessed the highest numbers of receptors for @entity6826 , @entity10557 , and @entity1192 . Collectively, these results indicate that the Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cell is a very primitive, quiescent progenitor cell population possessing a high number of receptors for @entity6826 and @entity10557 and capable of yielding both myeloid and lymphoid lineages when placed in appropriate in vitro or in vivo culture conditions.

title: Isolation of small, primitive XXXX hematopoietic stem cells: distribution of cell surface cytokine receptors and growth in @entity466 -Hu @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity6826 :: ('4254', 'Gene') :: ['stem cell factor', 'SCF']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte colony-stimulating factor', 'G-CSF']

entities_list: @entity466 :: ('MESH:D016511', 'Disease') :: ['severe combined immunodeficient', 'SCID']

entities_list: @entity1192 :: ('3552', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1 alpha', 'interleukin (IL)-1 alpha']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF']

entities_list: @entity10557 :: ('6348', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-1 alpha', 'MIP1 alpha']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity1 @entity2280 + cells were subfractionated into three size classes using counterflow centrifugal elutriation followed by immunoadsorption to @entity852 cell separation devices. The three @entity2280 + cell fractions (Fr), Fr 25/29, Fr 33/37, and Fr RO, had mean sizes of 8.5, 9.3 and 13.5 microns, respectively. The majority of cells in the large Fr RO @entity2280 + cell population expressed the committed stage antigens @entity1116 , @entity1075 , @entity3053 , or HLA-DR and contained the majority of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units ( @entity8116 ), burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E), and CFU-mixed lineage (GEMM). In contrast, the small Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cells were devoid of committed cell surface antigens and lacked colony-forming activity. When seeded to allogeneic stroma, Fr RO @entity2280 + cells produced few @entity8116 at week 5, whereas cells from the Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cell population showed a 30- to 55-fold expansion of myeloid progenitors at this same time point. Furthermore, @entity2280 + cells from each size fraction supported ontogeny of T cells in @entity1 thymus/liver grafts in @entity466 ( @entity466 ) @entity19 . Upon cell cycle analyses, greater than 97% of the Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cells were in G0/G1 phase, whereas greater proportions of the two larger @entity2280 + cell fractions were in active cell cycle. Binding of the cytokines @entity1192 , @entity2772 , @entity650 , @entity6826 ( @entity6826 ), @entity10557 , @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ), and @entity2841 to these @entity2280 + cell populations was also analyzed by flow cytometry. As compared with the larger @entity2280 + cell fractions, cells in the small Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cell population possessed the highest numbers of receptors for @entity6826 , @entity10557 , and @entity1192 . Collectively, these results indicate that the Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cell is a very primitive, quiescent progenitor cell population possessing a high number of receptors for @entity6826 and @entity10557 and capable of yielding both myeloid and lymphoid lineages when placed in appropriate in vitro or in vivo culture conditions.

title: Isolation of small, primitive @entity1 hematopoietic stem cells: distribution of cell surface cytokine receptors and growth in XXXX -Hu @entity19 .

answer: @entity466 :: (MESH:D016511,Disease) :: ['SCID']


abstract: @entity1 @entity2280 + cells were subfractionated into three size classes using counterflow centrifugal elutriation followed by immunoadsorption to @entity852 cell separation devices. The three @entity2280 + cell fractions (Fr), Fr 25/29, Fr 33/37, and Fr RO, had mean sizes of 8.5, 9.3 and 13.5 microns, respectively. The majority of cells in the large Fr RO @entity2280 + cell population expressed the committed stage antigens @entity1116 , @entity1075 , @entity3053 , or HLA-DR and contained the majority of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units ( @entity8116 ), burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E), and CFU-mixed lineage (GEMM). In contrast, the small Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cells were devoid of committed cell surface antigens and lacked colony-forming activity. When seeded to allogeneic stroma, Fr RO @entity2280 + cells produced few @entity8116 at week 5, whereas cells from the Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cell population showed a 30- to 55-fold expansion of myeloid progenitors at this same time point. Furthermore, @entity2280 + cells from each size fraction supported ontogeny of T cells in @entity1 thymus/liver grafts in @entity466 ( @entity466 ) @entity19 . Upon cell cycle analyses, greater than 97% of the Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cells were in G0/G1 phase, whereas greater proportions of the two larger @entity2280 + cell fractions were in active cell cycle. Binding of the cytokines @entity1192 , @entity2772 , @entity650 , @entity6826 ( @entity6826 ), @entity10557 , @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ), and @entity2841 to these @entity2280 + cell populations was also analyzed by flow cytometry. As compared with the larger @entity2280 + cell fractions, cells in the small Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cell population possessed the highest numbers of receptors for @entity6826 , @entity10557 , and @entity1192 . Collectively, these results indicate that the Fr 25/29 @entity2280 + cell is a very primitive, quiescent progenitor cell population possessing a high number of receptors for @entity6826 and @entity10557 and capable of yielding both myeloid and lymphoid lineages when placed in appropriate in vitro or in vivo culture conditions.

title: Isolation of small, primitive @entity1 hematopoietic stem cells: distribution of cell surface cytokine receptors and growth in @entity466 -Hu XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Generally, @entity5 tissue is palpated as a hard mass. However, the elastic nature of @entity5 tissue is not well understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical utility of measuring the elastic modulus (EM) in @entity14 tissue. Using a tactile sensor, we measured the EM of 106 surgically resected @entity14 tissues. Data on the EM were compared with clinicopathological findings, including stromal features represented by Azan staining and the @entity1970 positive area ratio of the @entity5 area. Finally, a cDNA microarray profile of the @entity5 with high EM were compared with the findings of @entity5 with low EM. A higher EM in @entity5 was associated with pathological T, N, and M-stage @entity5 (P < 0.001, P = 0.001 and P = 0.011, respectively). @entity1 with high EM @entity5 had shorter disease-free survival than had @entity1 with low EM. The EM showed strongly positive correlation with the Azan staining positive area ratio (r = 0.908) and the @entity1970 positive area ratio (r = 0.921). Finally, the cDNA microarray data of the @entity5 with high EM revealed a distinct gene expression profile compared with data from those @entity5 with low EM. The assessment of the elasticity of @entity14 tissue may allow a more accurate clinical stage and prognosis estimation. The distinct phenotypical features of the high EM @entity5 and their strong association with stromal features suggest the existence of a biological mechanism involved in this phenomenon that may contribute to future therapy.

title: Assessment of elasticity of XXXX tissue, clinical utility, pathological and phenotypical relevance.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Nine (4%) first recurrences that involved the perineum were identified in a randomized study of 202 @entity1 treated by no further therapy, chemotherapy only, radiotherapy only, combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy, following complete surgical excision of @entity188 . Six of these were in unirradiated @entity1 and in two of the three irradiated @entity1 the perineum was included in the treatment volume. Eight of the nine @entity1 were male and all nine had received abdominoperineal resection (APR). Our quality assurance procedures identified 22 of 96 irradiated @entity1 in whom the perineum was grossly outside the fields. Sixteen of these had undergone APR. As only one of these 16 relapsed in the perineum no definite effect of the surgical procedure on the likelihood of perineal recurrence could be demonstrated. Examination of the pathology reports revealed that 28 @entity1 undergoing APR had @entity5 within 2 cm of the anorectal junction (pectinate line). Five (17.8%) developed perineal recurrence compared with 4 (3.6%) of 110 @entity1 whose @entity5 were more than 2 cm from the anus (p less than 0.02-Fisher exact test). No survival differences could be demonstrated between those receiving perineal irradiation and those not but perineal irradiation was associated with @entity137 with at least nine (12.2%) out of 74 developing severe complications directly related to the perineum. The routine inclusion of the perineum in postoperative pelvic irradiation fields for all cases of @entity188 is questioned. Our current policy following APR includes optional coverage of the perineum for those @entity5 more than 5 cm from the anorectal junction.

title: Perineal effects of postoperative treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity188 :: ('MESH:D012004', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the rectum']

answer: @entity188 :: (MESH:D012004,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the rectum']


abstract: During a 10-year period, 28 @entity1 with @entity1745 due to epidural @entity706 and 47 @entity1 with cerebral involvement of @entity706 were treated with radiation at our institution. Fifty-four percent of the @entity1 with @entity1745 had this complication at the time of initial presentation of the disease, whereas only 4% with cerebral involvement presented with CNS symptoms. Only one @entity1 had primary @entity706 solely located in the brain. Characteristically, a majority of the @entity1 with @entity615 several months before developing @entity16 . Because only one-third of the @entity1 had positive spine roentgenograms at the time of @entity1745 , a CT scan is suggested in @entity1 with @entity615 in order to verify a @entity706 . Thus @entity1745 may be avoided by early diagnosis and treatment. Among the @entity1 with @entity1745 , Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's histology were equally represented, whereas only 6% had @entity978 among the @entity1 with cerebral involvement of @entity706 . The response to treatment defined as improvement in @entity51 in the @entity1 with @entity1745 was approximately 90% in both the Hodgkin's and the non-Hodgkin's group. No difference in response was found among @entity1 who had laminectomy compared to @entity1 who did not. @entity1 receiving high dose, short-term treatment (5 Gy X 5-6) responded equally to @entity1 receiving low dose, long-term treatment (2 Gy X 18-20). The median survival from initiation of radiation therapy in @entity1 developing @entity1745 or cerebral involvement during relapse was 30 months. In @entity1 with @entity1745 at initial presentation of the disease, median survival had not been reached after 5 years. Among @entity1 with cerebral involvement 50% had improvement of @entity16 with no difference between @entity1 receiving high dose, short-term and @entity1 receiving low dose, long-term treatment. It is concluded that high dose, short-term irradiation is as effective as low dose treatment. Especially in @entity1 with @entity16 at relapse, this treatment schedule is preferred because of the extremely short survival of these @entity1 .

title: Central nervous system complications by XXXX : radiation schedule and treatment results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'paraspinal lymphoma', 'malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications', 'neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression complained of back pain', 'malignant lymphoma suffering from back pain']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['malignant lymphomas']


abstract: PROBLEM: To evaluate differences in circulating @entity2940 + cells between successful and unsuccessful pregnancies, 114 pregnant @entity1 were studied prospectively. METHOD: Seventy @entity1 had a history of @entity249 ( @entity249 ) and 44 had two or more @entity2208 (RSA). Among the @entity249 @entity1 , 12 were donor egg recipients (DER) and 15 underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for treatment of @entity4810 . Nineteen @entity1 were carrying @entity6677 ( @entity6677 ) and 55 had singleton gestations (SG). Thirteen additional @entity1 were receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). RESULTS: The percentage of @entity2940 + cells was determined in 310 blood samples from 114 pregnant @entity1 by flow cytometry. The prevalence of @entity1 with persistent elevation of percent of 56+ cells (> 12%) was 58% among DER, 73% among ICSI, 37% among @entity6677 , 22% among SG, 18% among RSA, and 39% among @entity249 . Thirteen @entity1 with SG received IVIG, 10 had @entity2940 + cells greater than 12% and all 13 experienced live births. @entity1 with percentage @entity2940 + cells persistently greater than 12% who were not DER, not ICSI, not receiving IVIg, and not carrying @entity6677 had a live birth rate of 11%. @entity1 with greater than 12% @entity2940 + cells had normal karyotype in 78% of concepti studied in contrast to @entity1 less than 12% @entity2940 + cells who had 68% abnormal karyotypes (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Elevated @entity2940 + cells in pregnant @entity1 who are not DER, not ICSI, not receiving IVIg, and not carrying @entity6677 predicts loss of a karyotypically normal conceptus with a specificity of 87% and positive predictive value of 78%. While the specificity value of this test is high in both @entity249 and RSA populations, the sensitivity is 86% in RSA and only 54% in @entity249 suggesting this test does not identify all losses among @entity249 . It may identify a subset of pregnancies at risk for loss of a karyotypically normal embryo that may respond to treatment with IVIg.

title: Systemic XXXX + cells can predict pregnancy outcome.

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['previous spontaneous abortions']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility', 'infertile', 'INF']

entities_list: @entity6677 :: ('MESH:D016640', 'Disease') :: ['MG', 'multiple gestations']

entities_list: @entity4810 :: ('MESH:D007248', 'Disease') :: ['male factor infertility']

answer: @entity2940 :: (4684,Gene) :: ['CD56']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It was reported previously that circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels are abnormally elevated in @entity1 with essential @entity101 and @entity4346 . Tissue availability of the factor depends on the distribution of the circulating bound factor between its high- and low-molecular mass binding proteins, only the latter being able to cross the endothelium. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of the different serum binding proteins is altered in @entity1 with essential @entity101 and @entity4346 . DESIGN: The study was performed in 30 never-treated @entity1 with essential @entity101 and 30 age- and sex-matched normotensive subjects. @entity1 were separated into two groups according to the presence or the absence of echocardiographically determined @entity4346 . METHODS: Plasma insulin-like growth factor I levels were determined by specific radioimmunoassay. The different molecular forms of its serum binding proteins were analysed by Western blotting using [125I]-labelled insulin-like growth factor I. A densitometric scanning of the blots was performed to analyse the quantitative relationships between the different forms of binding proteins. RESULTS: Insulin-like growth factor I levels were significantly higher in the @entity101 @entity1 with than in the @entity101 @entity1 without @entity4346 or in the normotensive subjects. Compared with the normotensive subjects, both @entity101 @entity1 subgroups exhibited increased high-molecular mass binding protein type 3 and decreased low-molecular mass binding proteins types 1 and 2. However, changes in the binding proteins were more marked in the @entity101 @entity1 without than in the @entity101 @entity1 with @entity4346 . Accordingly, the ratio of low- to high-molecular mass binding proteins (an index of insulin-like growth factor I bioavailability) was higher in the @entity101 @entity1 with than in the @entity101 @entity1 without @entity4346 . CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the distribution of the molecular forms of serum insulin-like growth factor binding proteins is altered in @entity1 with essential @entity101 , independently of insulin-like growth factor I levels. This suggests that regulation of the binding proteins is abnormal in essential @entity101 . Whether the tissue availability of circulating insulin-like growth factor I is higher in @entity101 @entity1 with than in @entity101 @entity1 without @entity4346 merits further investigation.

title: Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in arterial @entity101 : relationship to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

answer: @entity4346 :: (MESH:D017379,Disease) :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It was reported previously that circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels are abnormally elevated in @entity1 with essential @entity101 and @entity4346 . Tissue availability of the factor depends on the distribution of the circulating bound factor between its high- and low-molecular mass binding proteins, only the latter being able to cross the endothelium. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of the different serum binding proteins is altered in @entity1 with essential @entity101 and @entity4346 . DESIGN: The study was performed in 30 never-treated @entity1 with essential @entity101 and 30 age- and sex-matched normotensive subjects. @entity1 were separated into two groups according to the presence or the absence of echocardiographically determined @entity4346 . METHODS: Plasma insulin-like growth factor I levels were determined by specific radioimmunoassay. The different molecular forms of its serum binding proteins were analysed by Western blotting using [125I]-labelled insulin-like growth factor I. A densitometric scanning of the blots was performed to analyse the quantitative relationships between the different forms of binding proteins. RESULTS: Insulin-like growth factor I levels were significantly higher in the @entity101 @entity1 with than in the @entity101 @entity1 without @entity4346 or in the normotensive subjects. Compared with the normotensive subjects, both @entity101 @entity1 subgroups exhibited increased high-molecular mass binding protein type 3 and decreased low-molecular mass binding proteins types 1 and 2. However, changes in the binding proteins were more marked in the @entity101 @entity1 without than in the @entity101 @entity1 with @entity4346 . Accordingly, the ratio of low- to high-molecular mass binding proteins (an index of insulin-like growth factor I bioavailability) was higher in the @entity101 @entity1 with than in the @entity101 @entity1 without @entity4346 . CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the distribution of the molecular forms of serum insulin-like growth factor binding proteins is altered in @entity1 with essential @entity101 , independently of insulin-like growth factor I levels. This suggests that regulation of the binding proteins is abnormal in essential @entity101 . Whether the tissue availability of circulating insulin-like growth factor I is higher in @entity101 @entity1 with than in @entity101 @entity1 without @entity4346 merits further investigation.

title: Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in arterial XXXX : relationship to @entity4346 .

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: This is a report of a group of 106 @entity1 with @entity189 treated by the twice-a-day radiation therapy program at the Massachusetts General Hospital from October 1979 through April 1984. The program consisted of 1.6 Gy per fraction, 2 fractions a day, 5 days a week for a total of 64 Gy with 2 weeks rest after the twelfth b.i.d. day. The local control of this group of @entity1 was compared to that of 79 @entity1 treated by the conventional once-a-day program with a daily fraction of 1.8 Gy for a total of 65 Gy, at the same institution during the 4 years immediately prior to the b.i.d. program. The 3 year actuarial local control rate for the entire group following the twice-a-day program was 76% as compared to 50% after the once-a-day program. The difference was significant, p = 0.001. For the T1 and T2 lesions, the corresponding rates were 88 and 63%, respectively, with a p value of 0.029. The rates for T3 and T4 lesions were 66 and 33%, respectively, p = 0.0037. The study indicated that the twice-a-day radiation therapy program as outlined is effective in treatment of @entity189 , and is more markedly effective in advanced lesions. Late radiation effects are minimal and salvage surgery is possible for radiation therapy failures. To date, no @entity1 developed radiation @entity4685 following the b.i.d. program with the dose to the spinal cord limited to 38.4 Gy in 2.5 weeks.

title: Twice-a-day radiation therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['supraglottic carcinoma', 'supraglottic carcinomas']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['supraglottic carcinoma']