abstract: Between 1970 and 1978 135 @entity1 with @entity600 underwent operations due to @entity712 , @entity120 , and severe @entity848 . Of them, 63% were acyanotic; 68% of all operations became necessary during the first 6 months of life. The late mortality rate was 5% and the hospital mortality rate 17%. A remarkably higher operative risk was found during the first 6 months of life. Ligation of patent ductus arteriosus as the most common lesion was done with a mortality rate of 2.5% which is comparable to the risk of late repair in childhood. Pulmonary artery banding could be performed in all @entity600 with a mortality rate of 17% and of 12.5% in isolated VSD (including debanding and VSD closure in several cases). @entity1498 was corrected with a overall mortality rate of 26%. Because of a recurrence rate of 20%, the authors think that operations are only indicated in symptomatic cases of @entity1498 . In @entity600 , a higher operative risk was observed in both pulmonary artery banding (38%) and shunt operations (44%). If surgical treatment is necessary, the earlier, the better.

title: [Surgical treatment of congenital heart disease in XXXX without use of extracorporeal circulation (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['progressive pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['acyanotic malformations', 'congenital malformations', 'complex cyanotic malformations']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation', 'Coarctation of the aorta']

entities_list: @entity848 :: ('MESH:D003490', 'Disease') :: ['cyanosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: Traditionally, it has been accepted that conductive @entity2319 involves a breakdown in the mechanical conduction of sound, whilst the cochlea remains unaffected. Over a ten year period, it was noticed that a number of @entity1 , mainly @entity1 , displayed a mild, high-tone sensorineural component to their conductive loss, whereas others tested under identical conditions with parallel etiologies did not. A sample of 80 @entity1 with @entity2172 and sensorineural involvement was selected from Prince Henry's Hospital and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, and was compared with 80 @entity1 with the same histories, but whose audiograms did not display any sensorineural involvement. The results of this study indicate a need for further research into: 1. The establishment of an internationally acceptable terminology. 2. Early detection of @entity2172 . 3. Medical/surgical management. 4. The effects on hearing, caused by fluctuating nature of @entity2172 . 5. Educational and social management.

title: A sensorineural component in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'children']

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['chronic otitis media']

answer: @entity2172 :: (MESH:D010033,Disease) :: ['chronic otitis media']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity282 is a common problem in male circumcision. We investigated the effect of nanometer @entity575 dressing (Shenzhen AGT Pharm. Co. Ltd.) in relieving @entity158 following male circumcision. METHODS: Sixty @entity1 undergoing circumcision in the outpatient department were randomized into an experimental and a control group, the incision covered with nanometer @entity575 dressing in the former and with vaseline dressing in the latter. None of the @entity1 received any analgesics or other @entity158 -killing therapies after surgery. The @entity282 intensity was accessed using the modified @entity158 intensity assessment scale at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after the operation, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 12.0 software. RESULTS: The @entity1 averaged (31.13 +/- 13.94) years in age, and had no significant differences in age and body mass index (BMI) between the two groups. @entity47421 days, @entity282 intensity was significantly lower in the experimental than in the control group (P > 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that @entity282 score was not correlated with @entity1 ' age, BMI and types of disease, but with the types of dressing. CONCLUSION: Nanometer @entity575 dressing can significantly alleviate @entity282 of circumcision, and is particularly applicable to such moist parts as the perineum, genitals, and urethra.

title: [Nanometer XXXX dressing @entity158 after circumcision].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['numeric pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain', 'Postoperative pain']

answer: @entity575 :: (MESH:D012834,Chemical) :: ['silver']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity282 is a common problem in male circumcision. We investigated the effect of nanometer @entity575 dressing (Shenzhen AGT Pharm. Co. Ltd.) in relieving @entity158 following male circumcision. METHODS: Sixty @entity1 undergoing circumcision in the outpatient department were randomized into an experimental and a control group, the incision covered with nanometer @entity575 dressing in the former and with vaseline dressing in the latter. None of the @entity1 received any analgesics or other @entity158 -killing therapies after surgery. The @entity282 intensity was accessed using the modified @entity158 intensity assessment scale at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after the operation, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 12.0 software. RESULTS: The @entity1 averaged (31.13 +/- 13.94) years in age, and had no significant differences in age and body mass index (BMI) between the two groups. @entity47421 days, @entity282 intensity was significantly lower in the experimental than in the control group (P > 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that @entity282 score was not correlated with @entity1 ' age, BMI and types of disease, but with the types of dressing. CONCLUSION: Nanometer @entity575 dressing can significantly alleviate @entity282 of circumcision, and is particularly applicable to such moist parts as the perineum, genitals, and urethra.

title: [Nanometer @entity575 dressing XXXX after circumcision].

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['alleviates pain']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity931 is a significant health problem in adolescent age group and severe cases may require admission and blood transfusion. Aim of this study was to evaluate the causes, associated complications and management of @entity931 . METHODS: Hospital records of all @entity1 of @entity931 requiring admission were analyzed for etiology, duration since menarche, duration of @entity548 , investigation profile and management. RESULTS: There were 18 @entity1 of @entity931 requiring hospital admission. Etiology was @entity548 in 11 @entity1 , @entity3459 in five which included @entity882 in three and one each with @entity2880 and @entity1778 . Two @entity1 had @entity1375 as the cause. Fourteen @entity1 presented with severe @entity417 and required blood transfusion. All except one responded to oral hormonal therapy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity931 can be associated with severe complications and requiring blood transfusion. Although most common cause is anovulation but @entity3459 , other medical condition and other organic causes must be ruled out in any @entity1 of @entity931 .

title: XXXX requiring inpatient admission.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'anovulatory bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding disorder', 'bleeding disorders']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['Puberty menorrhagia', 'puberty menorrhagia']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['Von-Willebrand disease']

answer: @entity931 :: (MESH:D008595,Disease) :: ['Puberty menorrhagia']


abstract: @entity1555 ( @entity1555 ) is the most devastating @entity3986 , leading to progressive @entity425 of respiratory (e.g. diaphragm) and locomotor muscles (e.g. gastrocnemius). @entity1555 is caused by @entity1112 in the gene that encodes for @entity4714 , a key scaffolding protein of the dystroglycan complex (DCG) within the sarcolemmal cytoskeleton. As a result of a compromised dystroglycan complex, mechanical integrity is impaired and important signalling proteins (e.g. @entity2821 , @entity15587 ) and pathways are disrupted. Disruption of the dystroglycan complex leads to high susceptibility to injury with repeated, eccentric contractions as well as @entity32 , resulting in significant damage and @entity39 . @entity13092 and repair cycling leads to @entity82 and @entity425 . While the link between @entity32 with damage and @entity425 in the @entity1555 diaphragm is unresolved, elevated oxidative stress may contribute to damage, @entity425 and possibly @entity82 . While utilization of non-specific antioxidant interventions has yielded inconsistent results, recent data suggest that @entity1110 oxidase could play a pivotal role in elevating oxidative stress via integrated changes in @entity15587 and stretch-activated channels (SACs). Oxidative stress may act as an amplifier, exacerbating disruption of the dystroglycan complex, upregulation of the inflammatory transcription factor NF-B, and thus functional impairment of force-generating capacity.

title: Exacerbation of pathology by oxidative stress in respiratory and locomotor muscles with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['type of muscular dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked defects']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy', 'DMD']

entities_list: @entity13092 :: ('MESH:D001925', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic damage']

answer: @entity1555 :: (MESH:D020388,Disease) :: ['Duchenne muscular dystrophy']


abstract: 1. The occurrence of @entity73006 , a new polypeptide from amphibian skin, and its actions on @entity35 blood pressure and diuresis were studied. 2. @entity73006 was found to be present in the skin of all the 10 Phyllomedusa species so far studied, amounts ranging from a few micrograms to 240 micrograms per g fresh skin. 3. The polypeptide displayed in the @entity35 an intense, long-lasting @entity551 action accompanied by @entity591 . @entity551 was not modified by either @entity3897 or @entity1169 , excluding the participation of the autonomic nervous system in its production. @entity591 , on the contrary, was partially inhibited by @entity1169 . 4. @entity551 is probably the main cause of the intense antidiuresis seen in hydrated @entity35 following @entity73006 administration. Reduction in urina volume was accompanied by a decrease in GFR and an increase in tubular NA+ reabsorption.

title: XXXX , a new polypeptide from Phyllomedusa sauvagei skin. Occurrence in various Phyllomedusa species and pharmacological actions on @entity35 blood pressure and diuresis.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'Tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'Hypotension']

entities_list: @entity73006 :: ('MESH:C025727', 'Chemical') :: ['Sauvagine', 'sauvagine']

answer: @entity73006 :: (MESH:C025727,Chemical) :: ['Sauvagine']


abstract: 1. The occurrence of @entity73006 , a new polypeptide from amphibian skin, and its actions on @entity35 blood pressure and diuresis were studied. 2. @entity73006 was found to be present in the skin of all the 10 Phyllomedusa species so far studied, amounts ranging from a few micrograms to 240 micrograms per g fresh skin. 3. The polypeptide displayed in the @entity35 an intense, long-lasting @entity551 action accompanied by @entity591 . @entity551 was not modified by either @entity3897 or @entity1169 , excluding the participation of the autonomic nervous system in its production. @entity591 , on the contrary, was partially inhibited by @entity1169 . 4. @entity551 is probably the main cause of the intense antidiuresis seen in hydrated @entity35 following @entity73006 administration. Reduction in urina volume was accompanied by a decrease in GFR and an increase in tubular NA+ reabsorption.

title: @entity73006 , a new polypeptide from Phyllomedusa sauvagei skin. Occurrence in various Phyllomedusa species and pharmacological actions on XXXX blood pressure and diuresis.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to provide basic representative data on the prevalence of @entity3232 involving @entity3626 in both primary and early mixed dentition and to examine the relationship between these @entity3232 and @entity409 . The results should be viewed from an orthodontic prevention and early treatment perspective. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Orthodontic findings in the maxilla and mandible as well as the myofunctional status of 766 @entity1 in primary dentition and 2,209 @entity1 in mixed dentition were examined clinically in a cross-sectional study. The following parameters from each jaw were subjected to orthodontic analysis: crowding in the anterior and posterior regions of the maxilla and mandible in primary and mixed dentitions, deviations from normal maxillary arch forms in the primary dentition, deviations from normal anterior maxillary arch width in mixed dentition and maxillary apical base morphology in mixed dentition. Static and dynamic @entity409 were documented with reference to specific parameters and clinical tests. RESULTS: Crowding was observed in every tenth @entity1 in primary dentition (10.8%) and in every second @entity1 in mixed dentition (49.7%). @entity2133 posture, visceral swallowing, @entity7687 and oral habits were statistically significantly more frequent in @entity1 in primary dentition presenting a narrow maxillary arch. Reduced anterior maxillary arch width (compression) was statistically more frequent in @entity1 in early mixed dentitions with @entity2133 posture. A narrow maxillary apical base correlated positively with all the @entity409 analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: Deviations from a regular arch form become apparent very early during dentition development and coexist with specific @entity409 . They are thus important indicators for the early detection of functional abnormalities, causing deviations from normal dentition development. In @entity1 with @entity409 the development of a narrow maxillary dental arch should be prevented by myofunctional therapy and by educating the parents. Interceptive orthodontic measures to treat a narrow maxillary arch in primary and early mixed dentition should also focus on eliminating functional disturbing factors, such as @entity409 . Interdisciplinary cooperation with specialists in other fields of medicine, e.g. otorhinolaryngology and speech therapy, is essential to achieve this goal.

title: Relationship between occlusal findings and orofacial myofunctional status in primary and mixed dentition: part IV: interrelation between space conditions and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['Habitual open mouth', 'habitual open mouth']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['orofacial dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity3232 :: ('MESH:D008310', 'Disease') :: ['malocclusions']

entities_list: @entity3626 :: ('MESH:D018489', 'Disease') :: ['space deficiency']

entities_list: @entity7687 :: ('MESH:D001184', 'Disease') :: ['articulation disorders']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['orofacial dysfunctions']


abstract: CCN proteins are important modulators of development and function of adult organs. In this study, we examined the localization and expression of the six CCN family members in normal adult @entity1 skin and during wound healing in vivo. Transcript and protein expression were studied by laser-capture microdissection-coupled real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Our results demonstrate that @entity7596 , @entity59414 , and @entity44747 are expressed at relatively low levels in normal @entity1 skin. @entity12020 , @entity31200 , and @entity4186 are the most highly expressed transcripts in the epidermis. @entity31200 and @entity4186 proteins are prominent in epidermal keratinocytes, whereas @entity12020 is primarily expressed in melanocytes. Differential expression within epidermal layers suggests that @entity31200 and @entity4186 are linked with keratinocyte differentiation. @entity12020 , @entity31200 and @entity4186 , are the three most highly expressed transcripts in the dermis. Their respective proteins are produced to various extents by dermal fibroblasts, blood vessels, eccrine sweat glands and hair follicles. We find that most CCN family members are temporally and specifically regulated during different phases (inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling) of partial thickness wound repair. By highlighting spatial-temporal regulations of CCN family member expression in relation to cell proliferation and differentiation, our results suggest a diverse range of functions for CCN proteins in both epidermal and dermal cells, and provides a solid reference for interpretation of future studies aimed at understanding the role of CCN proteins in @entity1 skin physiology and diseases.

title: Spatial-temporal modulation of CCN proteins during wound healing in XXXX skin in vivo.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14700 ( @entity14700 ) is a potent eosinophil chemotactic and activating peptide that may be implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity2194 and has been associated with the wearing of contact lenses (CL) in @entity1 with @entity5902 ( @entity5902 ). The purpose of this study was to study @entity14700 expression in the tears of long-term CL wearers. @entity1 AND METHODS: Tears were collected with glass capillaries from 15 @entity1 (2 male, 13 female) with various degree of @entity5902 at 2-year intervals. @entity5902 severity was graded from 0 to 4 with reference to standard slit-lamp photographs of the superior tarsal conjunctiva. The @entity14700 level in the tears was measured by an ELISA, using mouse anti-human eotaxin monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The mean age was 32.5    13.3 years (range: 17 - 69 years). The mean interval between the tear collections was 30    4.8 months. The mean concentration of eotaxin was 2150    477 pg/mL and 2486    810 pg/mL for the first and second series, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (paired Wilcoxon/Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.803). The mean score of papilla grade was 1.26    0.18 for the first sample and 1.40    0.19 two years later. There was no significant difference of grading between the two time periods (paired Wilcoxon/Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.751). CONCLUSIONS: the @entity14700 level remains up-regulated over a long time period in @entity1 wearing CL, most of them with chronic @entity5902 . Eotaxin may play a role in the pathogenesis of contact lens intolerance.

title: Persistence of increased XXXX ( @entity14700 ) level in tears of @entity1 wearing contact lenses: a long-term follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5902 :: ('MESH:D003233', 'Disease') :: ['CLPC', 'contact lens papillary conjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['chronic allergic eye disease']

answer: @entity14700 :: (6356,Gene) :: ['Eotaxin-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14700 ( @entity14700 ) is a potent eosinophil chemotactic and activating peptide that may be implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity2194 and has been associated with the wearing of contact lenses (CL) in @entity1 with @entity5902 ( @entity5902 ). The purpose of this study was to study @entity14700 expression in the tears of long-term CL wearers. @entity1 AND METHODS: Tears were collected with glass capillaries from 15 @entity1 (2 male, 13 female) with various degree of @entity5902 at 2-year intervals. @entity5902 severity was graded from 0 to 4 with reference to standard slit-lamp photographs of the superior tarsal conjunctiva. The @entity14700 level in the tears was measured by an ELISA, using mouse anti-human eotaxin monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The mean age was 32.5    13.3 years (range: 17 - 69 years). The mean interval between the tear collections was 30    4.8 months. The mean concentration of eotaxin was 2150    477 pg/mL and 2486    810 pg/mL for the first and second series, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (paired Wilcoxon/Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.803). The mean score of papilla grade was 1.26    0.18 for the first sample and 1.40    0.19 two years later. There was no significant difference of grading between the two time periods (paired Wilcoxon/Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.751). CONCLUSIONS: the @entity14700 level remains up-regulated over a long time period in @entity1 wearing CL, most of them with chronic @entity5902 . Eotaxin may play a role in the pathogenesis of contact lens intolerance.

title: Persistence of increased @entity14700 ( XXXX ) level in tears of @entity1 wearing contact lenses: a long-term follow-up study.

answer: @entity14700 :: (6356,Gene) :: ['CCL11']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14700 ( @entity14700 ) is a potent eosinophil chemotactic and activating peptide that may be implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity2194 and has been associated with the wearing of contact lenses (CL) in @entity1 with @entity5902 ( @entity5902 ). The purpose of this study was to study @entity14700 expression in the tears of long-term CL wearers. @entity1 AND METHODS: Tears were collected with glass capillaries from 15 @entity1 (2 male, 13 female) with various degree of @entity5902 at 2-year intervals. @entity5902 severity was graded from 0 to 4 with reference to standard slit-lamp photographs of the superior tarsal conjunctiva. The @entity14700 level in the tears was measured by an ELISA, using mouse anti-human eotaxin monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The mean age was 32.5    13.3 years (range: 17 - 69 years). The mean interval between the tear collections was 30    4.8 months. The mean concentration of eotaxin was 2150    477 pg/mL and 2486    810 pg/mL for the first and second series, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (paired Wilcoxon/Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.803). The mean score of papilla grade was 1.26    0.18 for the first sample and 1.40    0.19 two years later. There was no significant difference of grading between the two time periods (paired Wilcoxon/Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.751). CONCLUSIONS: the @entity14700 level remains up-regulated over a long time period in @entity1 wearing CL, most of them with chronic @entity5902 . Eotaxin may play a role in the pathogenesis of contact lens intolerance.

title: Persistence of increased @entity14700 ( @entity14700 ) level in tears of XXXX wearing contact lenses: a long-term follow-up study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The epidemiologic study of @entity370 is problematic and differing incidences across the world are reported. In Tunisia, the incidence of this affection is yet unknown. This is at least attributable to the lack of large series and the overshadowing presence of @entity378 . AIM: To determine presenting signs, symptoms and investigations particularities. METHODS: We report a retrospective series @entity1 with @entity370 followed up in the Rabta university hospital between 1991 and 2005 and try to determine presenting signs, symptoms and investigations particularities. RESULTS: 131 @entity1 (79 @entity1 and 52 @entity1 ) with a median age of 47    14 years were reviewed. They were symptomatic in 95 % of cases. @entity1109 were present at onset in 56.8 %, respiratory symptoms in 48.6 % and general symptoms in 41.6 %. Thoracic presentation was observed in 81.3%. Chest X-ray changes and tomodensitometry showed that type II and III were predominant. Lung function was disturbed in 58.5% of the cases. Extrathoracic involvement, observed in 89.3 % of the cases, was largely dominated by cutaneous lesions. @entity75 provided diagnosis in 66.6%. CONCLUSION: The relative high frequency of dermatological lesions suggests genetic or even environmental predisposition to develop @entity370 such as sunlight exposition.

title: [ XXXX in Tunisia: epidemiologic and clinical study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Histopathological lesions']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Cutaneous symptoms']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['Sarcoidosis']


abstract: Intense efforts are underway to evaluate neuroimaging measures as biomarkers for @entity179 in premanifest @entity2033 (preHD). We used a completely automated longitudinal analysis method to compare structural scans in preHD individuals and controls. Using a 1-year longitudinal design, we analyzed T(1) -weighted structural scans in 35 preHD individuals and 22 age-matched controls. We used the SIENA (Structural Image Evaluation, using Normalization, of Atrophy) software tool to yield overall percentage brain volume change (PBVC) and voxel-level changes in @entity194 . We calculated sample sizes for a hypothetical disease-modifying (neuroprotection) study. We found significantly greater yearly @entity194 in preHD individuals versus controls (mean PBVC controls, -0.149%; preHD, -0.388%; P = .031, Cohen's d = .617). For a preHD subgroup closest to disease onset, yearly @entity194 was more than 3 times that of controls (mean PBVC close-to-onset preHD, -0.510%; P = .019, Cohen's d = .920). This @entity194 was evident at the voxel level in periventricular regions, consistent with well-established preHD basal ganglia @entity194 . We estimated that a neuroprotection study using SIENA would only need 74 close-to-onset individuals in each arm (treatment vs placebo) to detect a 50% slowing in yearly @entity194 with 80% power. Automated whole-brain analysis of structural MRI can reliably detect preHD disease progression in 1 year. These results were attained with a readily available imaging analysis tool, SIENA, which is observer independent, automated, and robust with respect to image quality, slice thickness, and different pulse sequences. This MRI biomarker approach could be used to evaluate neuroprotection in preHD.

title: Automated structural imaging analysis detects premanifest XXXX within 1 year.

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity2033 :: ('MESH:D006816', 'Disease') :: ["Huntington's disease"]

answer: @entity2033 :: (MESH:D006816,Disease) :: ['Huntington's disease neurodegeneration']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the role of Hh- @entity8889 signaling in oral and @entity957 (SCC). The role of this signaling pathway in SCC formation has not yet been elucidated. METHODS: Sixty-four tissue and blood samples were collected from 60 @entity1 with SCC, all @entity286 and @entity167 users. An additional six buccal mucosa tissue samples were collected from nonsmokers and nondrinkers as control tissue. RESULTS: Hedgehog- @entity8889 pathway components were associated with clinical and pathologic features. Broders' grade and N stage were associated with higher @entity2750 and lower @entity8889 expression. @entity5 stage was negatively associated with @entity2751 expression, and @entity5 size was positively associated with @entity986 expression. @entity2750 and @entity4851 were frequently detected in the surrounding stroma. @entity2750 was found to be correlated with @entity986 expression, as well as with survivin expression. CONCLUSIONS: The signaling pathway is activated in SCC and inducible in vitro by @entity4851 protein.

title: Hh- @entity8889 signaling pathway activity in oral and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the role of Hh- @entity8889 signaling in oral and @entity957 (SCC). The role of this signaling pathway in SCC formation has not yet been elucidated. METHODS: Sixty-four tissue and blood samples were collected from 60 @entity1 with SCC, all @entity286 and @entity167 users. An additional six buccal mucosa tissue samples were collected from nonsmokers and nondrinkers as control tissue. RESULTS: Hedgehog- @entity8889 pathway components were associated with clinical and pathologic features. Broders' grade and N stage were associated with higher @entity2750 and lower @entity8889 expression. @entity5 stage was negatively associated with @entity2751 expression, and @entity5 size was positively associated with @entity986 expression. @entity2750 and @entity4851 were frequently detected in the surrounding stroma. @entity2750 was found to be correlated with @entity986 expression, as well as with survivin expression. CONCLUSIONS: The signaling pathway is activated in SCC and inducible in vitro by @entity4851 protein.

title: Hh- XXXX signaling pathway activity in oral and @entity957 .

answer: @entity8889 :: (2735,Gene) :: ['Gli']


abstract: @entity11104 is a comparatively rare type of @entity3232 found in primary and mixed dentition. It not only adversely affects chewing and muscle functions, but also impairs normal growth and development of the mandible. This report describes the therapeutic results of a @entity1 with bilateral @entity11104 in early mixed dentition after using a bonded constriction quad-helix appliance. The @entity1 , a @entity1 aged 9 years and 2 months, first visited our hospital after occlusal abnormality in the molar region was detected at a local dental clinic. Case analysis resulted in a diagnosis of bilateral @entity11104 with slight mandibular retrognathism. Treatment objectives were to reduce the arch width of the maxillary dentition and expand the mandibular arch in order to establish and stabilize molar occlusion and to achieve a Class I molar relation and appropriate overbite and overjet. Treatment comprised covering the occlusal surface of the maxillary molars with resin and attaching a bonded constriction quad-helix appliance joined with a 0.040-inch quad-helix wire. A bi-helix appliance was also fixed to the mandibular dentition. @entity11104 visibly improved after 5 months. Cervical headgear was then fitted and the @entity1 observed until eruption of the permanent dentition was complete. Class I molar relation was achieved after 2 years and 6 months, although spacing remained in the maxillary and mandibular dentitions. Treatment of bilateral @entity11104 in mixed dentition by means of a bonded constriction quad-helix appliance attached to the maxillary dentition enabled effective bite opening and reduction in the width of maxillary arch independent of the @entity1 's cooperation, providing good therapeutic outcome in a short time period.

title: A case report of bilateral XXXX in early mixed dentition using bonded constriction quad-helix appliance.

entities_list: @entity11104 :: ('MESH:C536607', 'Disease') :: ['Brodie bite']

entities_list: @entity3232 :: ('MESH:D008310', 'Disease') :: ['malocclusion']

answer: @entity11104 :: (MESH:C536607,Disease) :: ['Brodie bite']


abstract: The incidence of @entity99 in full term neonates during the last 5 years at Port Royal Maternity Hospital has been determined. Cerebral symptoms were classified in three grades; mild, moderate and severe. The study was concerned with gestational and obstetric causes of @entity75 . Babies with @entity600 , @entity209 and @entity281 were excluded. During the study the incidence of intra-partum @entity204 and still births was low, 2 to 2.5 per thousand births, and did not alter but there was a statistically significant reduction in the number of babies in the moderate and mildly affected groups. This may be due to improved obstetric practice. From 1974 to 1978 the incidence of fetal heart monitoring increased from 20 to 60 percent and since early 1977 amnioscopy has been performed in every @entity1 admitted. The incidence of cerebral symptoms may be an important method of assessing the quality of obstetric care. Serious accidents are becoming rare and therefore the incidence of mild or moderate cerebral symptoms is likely to be a better indicator of good obstetric care. In full term @entity1 perinatal factors are infrequently the cause of @entity75 .

title: [Incidence of XXXX in full term newborns in the last 5 years at Port Royal Maternity Hospital (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage', 'cerebral damage']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['birth injury']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['birth injury']


abstract: Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination is a promising strategy for @entity5 immunotherapy. However, clinical trials have indicated that immunosuppressive microenvironments induced by @entity5 profoundly suppress antitumor immunity and inhibit vaccine efficacy, resulting in @entity5 burdens. To overcome these obstacles and enhance the efficiency of DC vaccination, we generated interleukin (IL)-12- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( @entity2304 )-coexpressing oncolytic adenovirus (Ad-/\B7/IL12/ @entity2304 ) as suitable therapeutic adjuvant to eliminate immune suppression and promote DC function. By treating @entity5 with Ad-/\B7/IL12/ @entity2304 prior to DC vaccination, DCs elicited greater antitumor effects than in response to either treatment alone. DC migration to draining lymph nodes (DLNs) dramatically increased in @entity19 treated with the combination therapy. This result was associated with upregulation of CC-chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21(+)) lymphatics in @entity5 treated with Ad-/\B7/IL12/ @entity2304 . Moreover, the proportion of @entity1961 (+)CD25(+) T-cells and @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) expression was decreased in @entity19 treated with the combination therapy. Furthermore, combination therapy using immature DCs also showed effective antitumor effects when combined with Ad-/\B7/IL12/ @entity2304 . The combination therapy had a remarkable therapeutic efficacy on large @entity5 . Taken together, oncolytic adenovirus coexpressing IL-12 and @entity2304 in combination with DC vaccination has synergistic antitumor effects and can act as a potent adjuvant for promoting and optimizing DC vaccination.

title: Optimizing DC vaccination by combination with oncolytic adenovirus coexpressing IL-12 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['insufficient reduction of tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity2304 :: (12981(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['GM-CSF']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: The mitral annulus mechanics associated with @entity384 in pathologies such as mitral valve (MV) prolapse, @entity63 and dilative @entity299 remain unknown. The study aim was to investigate @entity2701 ( @entity2701 ) in the dilated annulus and in the displaced papillary muscles due to these pathological conditions. METHODS: Ten porcine MVs were harvested and mounted on a MV closure test rig with the papillary muscles held in the slack, normal, and taut positions. The MV annulus tissue rested on top of a plastic ring on which it could slide freely. The annulus was held by strings in the periphery during valve closure under hydrostatic trans-mitral pressure. The string tensions were measured, and further divided by string spacing to obtain the @entity2701 . Three annuli of normal, 25% dilated and 50% dilated annulus sizes were used. RESULTS: The @entity2701 was lowest at the commissural segment of the annulus, but increased towards the anterior and posterior segments, with a greater increase towards the anterior segment than towards the posterior. The @entity2701 increased with the increase of the apical PM displacement from the slack to normal, and then taut position in the commissural segment of the annulus. Although the @entity2701 increased with annulus area, the increase was less pronounced in the commissural segment than in the anterior and posterior segments. CONCLUSION: There is a significant difference in @entity2701 values between a normal and prolapsed MV, and between a normal MV and a MV with displaced papillary muscles. This difference suggests that @entity384 is a consequence and MV counteraction of imbalanced annular mechanics between the @entity2701 and myocardial force.

title: Mitral valve annulus tension and the mechanism of XXXX : an in-vitro study.

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['annulus tension', 'AT']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['annular dilation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart diseases']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['annular dilation']


abstract: PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to report the experience acquired at the Seoul National University Hospital with Holmium Laser Enucleation of Prostate (HoLEP), combined with mechanical morcellation for symptomatic @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ). METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on the clinical data of 309 consecutive @entity1 who underwent HoLEP at our institution between July 2008 and June 2010. All @entity1 were evaluated preoperatively for prostate volume by transrectal ultrasound, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) and quality of life (QoL) score. Peri- and postoperative parameters were evaluated and @entity1 were followed-up at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12- months with the aforementioned investigations. RESULTS: The @entity1 ' mean age was 68.3 (  6.5) years and mean prostate volume was 55.6 (  23.6) mL. Mean enucleation time was 56.2 (  25.1) minutes, mean morcellation time was 11.3 (  9.5) minutes, and the mean resected weight of the prostate was 20.8 (  16.9) g. The mean catheter indwelling period was 1.9 (  1.7) days and mean hospital stay was 2.9 (  1.5) days. Significant improvement was noted in Qmax, IPSS, and QoL at the 1-year follow-up compared with baseline (P<0.01). At 1 month 17.2% of @entity1 complained of irritative urinary symptoms, which were typically self-limiting within 3 months. Transient @entity3142 was reported in 15.2% of @entity1 . No @entity1 experienced persistent obstructive symptoms that required reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that HoLEP is a safe and effective therapeutic modality for @entity1067 .

title: Holmium laser enucleation of prostate for XXXX : seoul national university hospital experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity3142 :: ('MESH:D014550', 'Disease') :: ['stress incontinence']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated the factors that affect the improvement of the initial peak flow rate after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or photoselective vaporization of the prostate ( @entity12468 ) for @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) @entity1 by using noninvasive tools. METHODS: One hundred and twenty seven @entity1067 @entity1 who had undergone TURP or @entity12468 between January 2005 and May 2009 were evaluated. They were divided into 2 groups: the postoperative initial peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) was less than 10 mL/sec (Group 1; n=37, TURP=11, @entity12468 =26) and more than 10 mL/sec (Group 2; n=90, TURP=41, @entity12468 =49). We confirmed the @entity1 ' preoperative check lists. The check list were the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), the quality of life score, a past history of acute urinary retention (AUR), body mass index and/or @entity4658 , the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and the prostate volume, the prostate transitional zone volume and @entity1069 . The initial Qmax was measured at the outpatient clinic one week after discharge. RESULTS: The improvement rate was not significant difference between the TURP group (78.8%) and the @entity12468 group (65.3%). The efficacy parameters were the IPSS-storage symptom score, the prostate volume, the PSA level and a past history of AUR. The IPSS-storage symptom scores of Group 1 (12.3  3.3) was higher than those of Group 2 (10.5  1.7). The prostate volume of Group 2 (42.3  16.6 g) was bigger than that of Group 1 (36.6  7.8 g). The PSA level of Group 2 (3.8  2.6 ng/mL) was higher than that of Group 1 (2.6  2.6 ng/mL). A past history of AUR in Group 1 (35.1%) was more prevalent than that of Group 2 (15.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The non-invasive factors affecting the initial Qmax after TURP or @entity12468 were the IPSS-storage symptom score, the prostate volume and a past history of AUR. Accordingly, in @entity1 who have a higher IPSS-storage symptom score, a smaller prostate volume and a history of AUR, there might be a detrimental effect on the initial Qmax after TURP or @entity12468 . These factors might also be used as long-term prognostic factors.

title: Factors affecting the improvement of the initial peak urinary flow rate after transurethral resection of the prostate or photoselective vaporization of the prostate for treating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic calcification']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Chronic rhinosinusitis may be accompanied by impaired immunity despite normal levels of serum immunoglobulins. Immune responses in @entity1244 @entity1 have previously been evaluated using polysaccharide vaccines. Our AIM was to assess the immune status by evaluating responses to diphtheria and @entity116 vaccine. METHODS: Specific antibodies were measured before and 2 weeks after vaccination in 25 @entity1 with chronic or recurrent @entity1244 and in 30 healthy individuals. The mean age of the @entity1 was 46 years and that of healthy controls 43 years. RESULTS: After vaccination the @entity1 had on average 4.08-fold lower responses to diphtheria toxoid and 2.20-fold lower responses to @entity116 than the controls. Fourteen out of 25 patients had antibody levels that did not reach the 95% normal distribution range of healthy controls after either diphtheria or @entity116 vaccination. All the @entity1 had normal levels of serum immunoglobulins. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of @entity1 with persisting symptoms of rhinosinisitis may have impaired responses to protein vaccines. Responses to protein vaccines may be used to evaluate immune function of @entity1244 @entity1 .

title: Antibody responses to XXXX and diphtheria vaccine in chronic and recurrent rhinosinusitis.

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

answer: @entity116 :: (MESH:D013746,Disease) :: ['tetanus']


abstract: @entity298 ( @entity298 ) of colorectal origin is associated with a poor prognosis. However, cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is available for a selected group of @entity298 @entity1 , which significantly increases overall survival rates up to 30%. As a consequence, there is substantial room for improvement. @entity5 targeting is expected to improve the treatment efficacy of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) further through 1) more sensitive preoperative @entity5 detection, thus reducing overtreatment; 2) better intraoperative detection and surgical elimination of residual disease using @entity5 -specific intraoperative imaging; and 3) @entity5 -specific targeted therapeutics. This review focuses, in particular, on the development of @entity5 -targeted imaging agents. A large number of biomarkers are known to be upregulated in @entity14 . However, to date, no validated criteria have been described for the selection of the most promising biomarkers for @entity5 targeting. Such a scoring system might improve the selection of the correct biomarker for imaging purposes. In this review, we present the TArget Selection Criteria (TASC) scoring system for selection of potential biomarkers for @entity5 -targeted imaging. By applying TASC to biomarkers for @entity14 , we identified seven biomarkers (carcinoembryonic antigen, CXC chemokine receptor 4, @entity470 , epithelial cell adhesion molecule, matrix metalloproteinases, @entity2355 , and @entity7 ) that seem most suitable for @entity5 -targeted imaging applications in @entity14 . Further cross-validation studies in @entity14 and other @entity5 types are necessary to establish its definitive value.

title: Selecting Potential Targetable Biomarkers for Imaging Purposes in XXXX Using TArget Selection Criteria (TASC): A Novel Target Identification Tool.

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor A']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['PC', 'Peritoneal carcinomatosis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Modest long-term success is one of the most disappointing issues facing patients undergoing anti- @entity322 surgery. Herein we introduce a novel surgical modification of the vaginal sling to address the mechanisms that may lead to a reduction in the success rate at the long-term follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three female @entity1 with mean age of 48.2 years (range, 22-73 years) underwent anti- @entity322 surgery to correct their stress urinary @entity322 (SUI) between August 2006 and January 2008. The in situ anterior vaginal wall sling, reinforced with equi-size monofilament @entity7502 tape, was used as an anti- @entity322 surgical procedure. The mean follow-up period was 30.2 months (range, 24-38 months). RESULTS: The surgical technique was successful in 22 @entity1 (95.65%); 20 of them were cured and 2 @entity1 showed clinical improvements. Urinary retention was observed in one @entity1 (4.34%), which was resolved after decreasing the tension of the suspension sutures. No significant post-voiding residue was detected postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Cost-effectiveness and a low risk of @entity6369 , due to the presence of intervening vaginal mucosa, are important advantages of this technique. Long-term success is expected, because relaxation of the non-tension-free suspension sutures and dislocation of the midurethral sling are less likely.

title: How to achieve long-term success in the treatment of female urinary stress XXXX ? Novel modification on vaginal sling.

entities_list: @entity6369 :: ('MESH:D014526', 'Disease') :: ['urethral erosion']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1030 is an @entity32 with major co-morbidities. It has recently been suggested that @entity308 may be the result of systemic @entity32 . We aimed to explore the association between systemic @entity32 and symptoms of @entity308 and @entity1295 in @entity1 with mainly moderate and clinically stable @entity1030 using a range of inflammatory biomarkers, 2 @entity308 and 2 @entity1295 scales. METHOD: We assessed 120 @entity1 with moderate @entity1030 (FEV1% 52, @entity1 62%, age 66). @entity308 was assessed using the BASDEC and CES-D scales. Fatigue was assessed using the Manchester @entity1295 (MCFS) and the Borg scale before and after 6MWT. We measured systemic @entity310 , @entity1851 , @entity310 -R1, @entity310 -R2 and @entity650 . RESULTS: A multivariate linear model of all biomarkers showed that @entity310 only had a positive correlation with BASDEC @entity308 score (p = 0.007). @entity310 remained positively correlated with @entity308 (p = 0.024) after further adjusting for @entity310 -R1, @entity310 -R2, 6MWD, FEV1%, and pack-years. Even after adding the MCFS score, body mass and body composition to the model @entity310 was still associated with the BASDEC score (p = 0.044). Furthermore, @entity1 with higher @entity310 level (> 3 pg/ml, n = 7) had higher mean CES-D @entity308 score than the rest of the sample (p = 0.03). Borg @entity1295 score at baseline were weakly correlated with @entity310 and @entity1851 , and with @entity310 only after 6MWT. @entity1 with higher @entity310 had more @entity1295 after 6MWD (p = 0.054). CONCLUSION: This study indicates a possible association between @entity310 and two frequent and major co-morbidities in @entity1030 ; i.e., @entity308 and @entity1295 .

title: Biomarkers of systemic @entity32 and XXXX and @entity1295 in moderate clinically stable @entity1030 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'inflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['COPD-fatigue scale', 'fatigue']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1030 is an @entity32 with major co-morbidities. It has recently been suggested that @entity308 may be the result of systemic @entity32 . We aimed to explore the association between systemic @entity32 and symptoms of @entity308 and @entity1295 in @entity1 with mainly moderate and clinically stable @entity1030 using a range of inflammatory biomarkers, 2 @entity308 and 2 @entity1295 scales. METHOD: We assessed 120 @entity1 with moderate @entity1030 (FEV1% 52, @entity1 62%, age 66). @entity308 was assessed using the BASDEC and CES-D scales. Fatigue was assessed using the Manchester @entity1295 (MCFS) and the Borg scale before and after 6MWT. We measured systemic @entity310 , @entity1851 , @entity310 -R1, @entity310 -R2 and @entity650 . RESULTS: A multivariate linear model of all biomarkers showed that @entity310 only had a positive correlation with BASDEC @entity308 score (p = 0.007). @entity310 remained positively correlated with @entity308 (p = 0.024) after further adjusting for @entity310 -R1, @entity310 -R2, 6MWD, FEV1%, and pack-years. Even after adding the MCFS score, body mass and body composition to the model @entity310 was still associated with the BASDEC score (p = 0.044). Furthermore, @entity1 with higher @entity310 level (> 3 pg/ml, n = 7) had higher mean CES-D @entity308 score than the rest of the sample (p = 0.03). Borg @entity1295 score at baseline were weakly correlated with @entity310 and @entity1851 , and with @entity310 only after 6MWT. @entity1 with higher @entity310 had more @entity1295 after 6MWD (p = 0.054). CONCLUSION: This study indicates a possible association between @entity310 and two frequent and major co-morbidities in @entity1030 ; i.e., @entity308 and @entity1295 .

title: Biomarkers of systemic @entity32 and @entity308 and XXXX in moderate clinically stable @entity1030 .

answer: @entity1295 :: (MESH:D005221,Disease) :: ['fatigue']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1030 is an @entity32 with major co-morbidities. It has recently been suggested that @entity308 may be the result of systemic @entity32 . We aimed to explore the association between systemic @entity32 and symptoms of @entity308 and @entity1295 in @entity1 with mainly moderate and clinically stable @entity1030 using a range of inflammatory biomarkers, 2 @entity308 and 2 @entity1295 scales. METHOD: We assessed 120 @entity1 with moderate @entity1030 (FEV1% 52, @entity1 62%, age 66). @entity308 was assessed using the BASDEC and CES-D scales. Fatigue was assessed using the Manchester @entity1295 (MCFS) and the Borg scale before and after 6MWT. We measured systemic @entity310 , @entity1851 , @entity310 -R1, @entity310 -R2 and @entity650 . RESULTS: A multivariate linear model of all biomarkers showed that @entity310 only had a positive correlation with BASDEC @entity308 score (p = 0.007). @entity310 remained positively correlated with @entity308 (p = 0.024) after further adjusting for @entity310 -R1, @entity310 -R2, 6MWD, FEV1%, and pack-years. Even after adding the MCFS score, body mass and body composition to the model @entity310 was still associated with the BASDEC score (p = 0.044). Furthermore, @entity1 with higher @entity310 level (> 3 pg/ml, n = 7) had higher mean CES-D @entity308 score than the rest of the sample (p = 0.03). Borg @entity1295 score at baseline were weakly correlated with @entity310 and @entity1851 , and with @entity310 only after 6MWT. @entity1 with higher @entity310 had more @entity1295 after 6MWD (p = 0.054). CONCLUSION: This study indicates a possible association between @entity310 and two frequent and major co-morbidities in @entity1030 ; i.e., @entity308 and @entity1295 .

title: Biomarkers of systemic @entity32 and @entity308 and @entity1295 in moderate clinically stable XXXX .

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1030 is an @entity32 with major co-morbidities. It has recently been suggested that @entity308 may be the result of systemic @entity32 . We aimed to explore the association between systemic @entity32 and symptoms of @entity308 and @entity1295 in @entity1 with mainly moderate and clinically stable @entity1030 using a range of inflammatory biomarkers, 2 @entity308 and 2 @entity1295 scales. METHOD: We assessed 120 @entity1 with moderate @entity1030 (FEV1% 52, @entity1 62%, age 66). @entity308 was assessed using the BASDEC and CES-D scales. Fatigue was assessed using the Manchester @entity1295 (MCFS) and the Borg scale before and after 6MWT. We measured systemic @entity310 , @entity1851 , @entity310 -R1, @entity310 -R2 and @entity650 . RESULTS: A multivariate linear model of all biomarkers showed that @entity310 only had a positive correlation with BASDEC @entity308 score (p = 0.007). @entity310 remained positively correlated with @entity308 (p = 0.024) after further adjusting for @entity310 -R1, @entity310 -R2, 6MWD, FEV1%, and pack-years. Even after adding the MCFS score, body mass and body composition to the model @entity310 was still associated with the BASDEC score (p = 0.044). Furthermore, @entity1 with higher @entity310 level (> 3 pg/ml, n = 7) had higher mean CES-D @entity308 score than the rest of the sample (p = 0.03). Borg @entity1295 score at baseline were weakly correlated with @entity310 and @entity1851 , and with @entity310 only after 6MWT. @entity1 with higher @entity310 had more @entity1295 after 6MWD (p = 0.054). CONCLUSION: This study indicates a possible association between @entity310 and two frequent and major co-morbidities in @entity1030 ; i.e., @entity308 and @entity1295 .

title: Biomarkers of systemic XXXX and @entity308 and @entity1295 in moderate clinically stable @entity1030 .

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: Clinical studies have shown that negative symptoms of @entity161 unresponsive to antipsychotic given alone can improve after augmentation with SSRI antidepressant. Laboratory investigations into the mechanism of this synergism showed that co-administration of SSRI and antipsychotic produces changes in @entity1246 (A) receptor and related systems, which differ from the effects of each drug alone. To examine the clinical relevance of these findings, the current study examined the effects of SSRI augmentation treatment on @entity1246 (A) receptor and related systems in @entity161 @entity1 . @entity161 @entity1 with high levels of negative symptoms unresponsive to antipsychotic treatment received add-on @entity3755 (100 mg/d). Blood was taken before and 1, 3 and 6 wk after adding @entity3755 and peripheral mononuclear cells (PMC) isolated. RNA encoding for @entity1246 (A)b3, @entity7601 , and 5-HT7 receptors, PKCb2, and @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ) was assayed with real-time RT-PCR. Plasma @entity2252 protein was assayed using ELISA. Clinical symptoms were assessed with validated rating scales. We found significant increase in mRNA encoding for @entity1246 (A)b3 and 5- @entity7601 , 5-HT7 receptors and @entity2252 and a reduction in PKCb2 mRNA. Plasma @entity2252 protein concentrations were increased. There were significant correlations among the genes. Clinical symptoms improved significantly. mRNA expression of PKCb2, @entity7601 and 5-HT7 showed significant associations with clinical symptoms. Combined SSRI+antipsychotic treatment is associated with changes in @entity1246 (A) receptor and in related signalling systems in @entity1 . These changes may be part of the mechanism of clinically effective drug action and may prove to be biomarkers of pharmacological response.

title: SSRI augmentation of antipsychotic alters expression of @entity1246 (A) receptor and related genes in PMC of XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity3755 :: ('MESH:D016666', 'Chemical') :: ['fluvoxamine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['brain-derived neurotrophic factor', 'BDNF']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: Clinical studies have shown that negative symptoms of @entity161 unresponsive to antipsychotic given alone can improve after augmentation with SSRI antidepressant. Laboratory investigations into the mechanism of this synergism showed that co-administration of SSRI and antipsychotic produces changes in @entity1246 (A) receptor and related systems, which differ from the effects of each drug alone. To examine the clinical relevance of these findings, the current study examined the effects of SSRI augmentation treatment on @entity1246 (A) receptor and related systems in @entity161 @entity1 . @entity161 @entity1 with high levels of negative symptoms unresponsive to antipsychotic treatment received add-on @entity3755 (100 mg/d). Blood was taken before and 1, 3 and 6 wk after adding @entity3755 and peripheral mononuclear cells (PMC) isolated. RNA encoding for @entity1246 (A)b3, @entity7601 , and 5-HT7 receptors, PKCb2, and @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ) was assayed with real-time RT-PCR. Plasma @entity2252 protein was assayed using ELISA. Clinical symptoms were assessed with validated rating scales. We found significant increase in mRNA encoding for @entity1246 (A)b3 and 5- @entity7601 , 5-HT7 receptors and @entity2252 and a reduction in PKCb2 mRNA. Plasma @entity2252 protein concentrations were increased. There were significant correlations among the genes. Clinical symptoms improved significantly. mRNA expression of PKCb2, @entity7601 and 5-HT7 showed significant associations with clinical symptoms. Combined SSRI+antipsychotic treatment is associated with changes in @entity1246 (A) receptor and in related signalling systems in @entity1 . These changes may be part of the mechanism of clinically effective drug action and may prove to be biomarkers of pharmacological response.

title: SSRI augmentation of antipsychotic alters expression of XXXX (A) receptor and related genes in PMC of @entity161 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1246 :: (MESH:D005680,Chemical) :: ['GABA']


abstract: Clinical studies have shown that negative symptoms of @entity161 unresponsive to antipsychotic given alone can improve after augmentation with SSRI antidepressant. Laboratory investigations into the mechanism of this synergism showed that co-administration of SSRI and antipsychotic produces changes in @entity1246 (A) receptor and related systems, which differ from the effects of each drug alone. To examine the clinical relevance of these findings, the current study examined the effects of SSRI augmentation treatment on @entity1246 (A) receptor and related systems in @entity161 @entity1 . @entity161 @entity1 with high levels of negative symptoms unresponsive to antipsychotic treatment received add-on @entity3755 (100 mg/d). Blood was taken before and 1, 3 and 6 wk after adding @entity3755 and peripheral mononuclear cells (PMC) isolated. RNA encoding for @entity1246 (A)b3, @entity7601 , and 5-HT7 receptors, PKCb2, and @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ) was assayed with real-time RT-PCR. Plasma @entity2252 protein was assayed using ELISA. Clinical symptoms were assessed with validated rating scales. We found significant increase in mRNA encoding for @entity1246 (A)b3 and 5- @entity7601 , 5-HT7 receptors and @entity2252 and a reduction in PKCb2 mRNA. Plasma @entity2252 protein concentrations were increased. There were significant correlations among the genes. Clinical symptoms improved significantly. mRNA expression of PKCb2, @entity7601 and 5-HT7 showed significant associations with clinical symptoms. Combined SSRI+antipsychotic treatment is associated with changes in @entity1246 (A) receptor and in related signalling systems in @entity1 . These changes may be part of the mechanism of clinically effective drug action and may prove to be biomarkers of pharmacological response.

title: SSRI augmentation of antipsychotic alters expression of @entity1246 (A) receptor and related genes in PMC of @entity161 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECT: The normalization of @entity428 ( @entity428 ) in @entity1 with severe @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is assumed to limit secondary @entity1545 and improve outcome. Despite evidence-based recommendations for monitoring and treatment of @entity428 , there are few studies that show an association between response to @entity428 -directed therapeutic regimens and adjusted mortality rate. This study utilizes a large prospective database to examine the effect of response to @entity428 -lowering therapy on risk of @entity204 within the first 2 weeks of injury in @entity1 who sustained @entity131 and are older than 16 years. METHODS: The current study is based on 1426 @entity1 with severe @entity131 (Glasgow @entity772 Scale [GCS] score < 9) of whom 388 were treated for @entity428 (> 25 mm Hg) between 2000 and 2008 at 22 @entity130 centers enrolled in a New York State quality improvement program. This prospectively collected database also contains information including age, admission GCS score, pupillary status, CT scanning parameters, and @entity551 , which are all known early prognostic indicators of @entity204 . Treatment of @entity428 consisted of administration of @entity2656 , hypertonic saline, barbiturates, and/or drainage of CSF or decompressive craniectomy. The factors predicting @entity428 response to treatment and predicting @entity204 at 2 weeks were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Increasing age and fewer hours of @entity428 on Day 1 were found to be significant predictors (p = 0.001 and 0.0003, respectively) of a positive response to treatment. Response to @entity428 -lowering therapy (p = 0.03), younger age (p < 0.0001), fewer hours of @entity428 (p < 0.0001), and absence of arterial @entity551 on Day 1 (p = 0.001) significantly predicted reduced risk of @entity204 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who responded to @entity428 -lowering treatment had a 64% lower risk of @entity204 at 2 weeks than those who did not respond after adjusting for factors that independently predict risk of @entity204 .

title: Response to intracranial hypertension treatment as a predictor of @entity204 in @entity1 with severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'increased intracranial pressure', 'elevated ICP']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: OBJECT: The normalization of @entity428 ( @entity428 ) in @entity1 with severe @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is assumed to limit secondary @entity1545 and improve outcome. Despite evidence-based recommendations for monitoring and treatment of @entity428 , there are few studies that show an association between response to @entity428 -directed therapeutic regimens and adjusted mortality rate. This study utilizes a large prospective database to examine the effect of response to @entity428 -lowering therapy on risk of @entity204 within the first 2 weeks of injury in @entity1 who sustained @entity131 and are older than 16 years. METHODS: The current study is based on 1426 @entity1 with severe @entity131 (Glasgow @entity772 Scale [GCS] score < 9) of whom 388 were treated for @entity428 (> 25 mm Hg) between 2000 and 2008 at 22 @entity130 centers enrolled in a New York State quality improvement program. This prospectively collected database also contains information including age, admission GCS score, pupillary status, CT scanning parameters, and @entity551 , which are all known early prognostic indicators of @entity204 . Treatment of @entity428 consisted of administration of @entity2656 , hypertonic saline, barbiturates, and/or drainage of CSF or decompressive craniectomy. The factors predicting @entity428 response to treatment and predicting @entity204 at 2 weeks were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Increasing age and fewer hours of @entity428 on Day 1 were found to be significant predictors (p = 0.001 and 0.0003, respectively) of a positive response to treatment. Response to @entity428 -lowering therapy (p = 0.03), younger age (p < 0.0001), fewer hours of @entity428 (p < 0.0001), and absence of arterial @entity551 on Day 1 (p = 0.001) significantly predicted reduced risk of @entity204 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who responded to @entity428 -lowering treatment had a 64% lower risk of @entity204 at 2 weeks than those who did not respond after adjusting for factors that independently predict risk of @entity204 .

title: Response to intracranial hypertension treatment as a predictor of XXXX in @entity1 with severe @entity131 .

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: OBJECT: The normalization of @entity428 ( @entity428 ) in @entity1 with severe @entity131 ( @entity131 ) is assumed to limit secondary @entity1545 and improve outcome. Despite evidence-based recommendations for monitoring and treatment of @entity428 , there are few studies that show an association between response to @entity428 -directed therapeutic regimens and adjusted mortality rate. This study utilizes a large prospective database to examine the effect of response to @entity428 -lowering therapy on risk of @entity204 within the first 2 weeks of injury in @entity1 who sustained @entity131 and are older than 16 years. METHODS: The current study is based on 1426 @entity1 with severe @entity131 (Glasgow @entity772 Scale [GCS] score < 9) of whom 388 were treated for @entity428 (> 25 mm Hg) between 2000 and 2008 at 22 @entity130 centers enrolled in a New York State quality improvement program. This prospectively collected database also contains information including age, admission GCS score, pupillary status, CT scanning parameters, and @entity551 , which are all known early prognostic indicators of @entity204 . Treatment of @entity428 consisted of administration of @entity2656 , hypertonic saline, barbiturates, and/or drainage of CSF or decompressive craniectomy. The factors predicting @entity428 response to treatment and predicting @entity204 at 2 weeks were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Increasing age and fewer hours of @entity428 on Day 1 were found to be significant predictors (p = 0.001 and 0.0003, respectively) of a positive response to treatment. Response to @entity428 -lowering therapy (p = 0.03), younger age (p < 0.0001), fewer hours of @entity428 (p < 0.0001), and absence of arterial @entity551 on Day 1 (p = 0.001) significantly predicted reduced risk of @entity204 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who responded to @entity428 -lowering treatment had a 64% lower risk of @entity204 at 2 weeks than those who did not respond after adjusting for factors that independently predict risk of @entity204 .

title: Response to intracranial hypertension treatment as a predictor of @entity204 in XXXX with severe @entity131 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Arthroscopic knee surgery is done in outpatient settings; however, @entity282 is a major barrier for discharge and limits early rehabilitation. The efficacy of intraarticular application of @entity2400 , @entity1343 and @entity12802 , with placebo on @entity282 after arthroscopic meniscectomy was evaluated. METHODS: One hundred and twenty ASA status I-II @entity1 undergoing elective arthroscopic meniscectomy were included in this randomized, single blind, prospective study. Group-M (GM) @entity1 had intraarticular 500 mg of @entity2400 in 20 ml saline; group-P (GP) @entity1 had intraarticular 20 ml saline; group-LB (GLB) @entity1 had 100 mg @entity1343 in 20 ml (0.5%); group-L (GL) @entity1 had intraarticular 8 mg of @entity12802 in 20 ml saline before tourniquet deflation. Postoperative analgesia was maintained by iv @entity1340 PCA 0.3 mg kg(-1) bolus dose and 5 min lockout time during the first 4 h and later with @entity1443 500 mg. The NRS values at rest and at exercise and analgesic consumptions were evaluated at the end of the first, second and 4th hours and at the 12th, 24th and 48th hours by an anaesthesiologist who was blind to the solutions administered. RESULTS: All study groups provided analgesia when compared with GP. The first request of oral analgesic time was shorter in GP. Analgesic consumptions of GP were higher than other groups. @entity158 scores during 1, 2 and 4 h postoperatively were lower in all study groups than the GP. CONCLUSION: Administration of all the drugs provided better analgesia than placebo and the most effective one was @entity12802 .

title: Comparison of efficacy of intraarticular application of magnesium, @entity1343 and XXXX with placebo in arthroscopic surgery.

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity12802 :: ('MESH:C059451', 'Chemical') :: ['lornoxicam']

entities_list: @entity2400 :: ('CHEBI:32599', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulphate']

entities_list: @entity1343 :: ('MESH:C476513', 'Chemical') :: ['levobupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity12802 :: (MESH:C059451,Chemical) :: ['lornoxicam']


abstract: PURPOSE: Arthroscopic knee surgery is done in outpatient settings; however, @entity282 is a major barrier for discharge and limits early rehabilitation. The efficacy of intraarticular application of @entity2400 , @entity1343 and @entity12802 , with placebo on @entity282 after arthroscopic meniscectomy was evaluated. METHODS: One hundred and twenty ASA status I-II @entity1 undergoing elective arthroscopic meniscectomy were included in this randomized, single blind, prospective study. Group-M (GM) @entity1 had intraarticular 500 mg of @entity2400 in 20 ml saline; group-P (GP) @entity1 had intraarticular 20 ml saline; group-LB (GLB) @entity1 had 100 mg @entity1343 in 20 ml (0.5%); group-L (GL) @entity1 had intraarticular 8 mg of @entity12802 in 20 ml saline before tourniquet deflation. Postoperative analgesia was maintained by iv @entity1340 PCA 0.3 mg kg(-1) bolus dose and 5 min lockout time during the first 4 h and later with @entity1443 500 mg. The NRS values at rest and at exercise and analgesic consumptions were evaluated at the end of the first, second and 4th hours and at the 12th, 24th and 48th hours by an anaesthesiologist who was blind to the solutions administered. RESULTS: All study groups provided analgesia when compared with GP. The first request of oral analgesic time was shorter in GP. Analgesic consumptions of GP were higher than other groups. @entity158 scores during 1, 2 and 4 h postoperatively were lower in all study groups than the GP. CONCLUSION: Administration of all the drugs provided better analgesia than placebo and the most effective one was @entity12802 .

title: Comparison of efficacy of intraarticular application of magnesium, XXXX and @entity12802 with placebo in arthroscopic surgery.

answer: @entity1343 :: (MESH:C476513,Chemical) :: ['levobupivacaine']


abstract: @entity308 is associated with adverse @entity1 development, but little is known about the effects of paternal @entity308 . This pilot study estimated the prevalence of paternal @entity308 and mood state, and assessed the relationship between paternal mood and @entity1 temperament. The @entity1 in the study were 98 fathers of newborn babies. Fathers were initially screened for @entity308 mood ( @entity148 and @entity308 scale, and @entity308 scale), and at 6 months parental mood, @entity1 temperament, couple relationship quality, @entity167 use, adverse life events, parenting, and demographics were recorded. @entity1 fussiness was analysed in relation to paternal mood and other contextual factors using multiple regression. Of the 98 fathers, 48 (49%) completed @entity308 . Of these 48 fathers, 4 (8%) reported @entity308 above the cut-off for case definition. A total of 48% (N=19) completed measures at follow-up. In the adjusted model, higher paternal @entity308 scores, more traditional attitudes towards fathering, and increased recent life events were related to higher @entity1 fussiness scores; and better couple relationship quality was related to lower fussiness scores. This study showed that 1 in 12 fathers had @entity308 mood, and lower mood was associated with negative @entity1 temperament. Since the findings of this feasibility study were based on a small sample size the association of paternal mood and @entity1 development merits further study using a larger sample of fathers.

title: The association of paternal mood and XXXX temperament: A pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Infant', 'infant', 'child']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depressed', 'depression', 'Edinburgh postnatal depression', 'depression-screening measures', 'Maternal depression']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Hospital anxiety']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: Adult cases with isolated @entity149 are very rare. We report a case with dumbbell-type @entity6725 in the cervical spine. A 38-year-old @entity1 presented with moderate @entity1183 of the right ring finger and right little finger and weakness of the right grip. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intra-spinal mass extending into the paravertebral area. The spinal cord was compressed by the lesion, which was isointense with the spinal cord on both T1- and T2-weighted imaging. Homogenous enhancement was observed after @entity2287 administration. These findings favored a preoperative diagnosis of a rare @entity5 , rather than @entity11809 . @entity5 was performed through hemilaminectomy combined with facetectomy between C7 and T1. Histological examination and immunohistochemical testing led to a diagnosis of @entity6725 . Two years after complete resection, MRI showed no recurrence. This appears to represent the first report of dumbbell-type @entity6725 in the cervical spine. Total @entity75 is recommended because of the high potential risk of @entity5 recurrence around the central nervous system.

title: Dumbbell-type XXXX in the cervical spine of an adult.

entities_list: @entity6725 :: ('MESH:D014972', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile xanthogranuloma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Complete surgical removal of the tumor', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['removal of such lesions']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile xanthogranuloma of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity11809 :: ('MESH:D009423', 'Disease') :: ['tumor of the nervous system']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity6725 :: (MESH:D014972,Disease) :: ['juvenile xanthogranuloma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the primary sites, clinical features, treatment, and outcome of 46 @entity1 with @entity5 metastatic to the orbits in southern China. METHODS: Retrospective review of medical records at a tertiary center in southern China between Jan 1, 1991 and Dec 31, 2008. RESULTS: The study included 35 males and 11 females, with an age range of 3-78  years (average 47  years). All of the @entity1 came from southern China. The left orbit was affected more frequently than the right orbit (3:2), and no cases were bilaterally involved. The most common primary @entity5 that metastasizes to the orbit is @entity189 (30.34%), followed by @entity2 (8.70%), @entity96 (6.52%), @entity0 (4.35%), @entity1358 (4.35%), @entity259 (2.17%), @entity189 (2.17%), @entity189 (2.17%), mediastinum @entity189 (2.17%), other forms (6.52%), and unknown @entity189 (30.34%). Orbital @entity3 was the first sign of systemic @entity5 in 24 @entity1 (52.17%). The five most common clinical findings at the initial examination were @entity735 (65.22%), proptosis (63.04%), increased orbital pressure (54.35%), @entity892 (54.35%), and @entity1319 (52.17%), followed by swollen eyelid (50%), visible mass or @entity4 (46%), @entity227 (41%), @entity3169 , and @entity4 (35%), @entity158 (28%), @entity1736 (20%), @entity1829 (17%), and vasodilatation of the retina (7%). Primary treatment included surgical excision, radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, and observation. Among the @entity1 (78% of 46) with sufficient follow-up time (mean 20.7  months), 30.56% of them died of disseminated @entity3 . Twenty-five percent of them were in remission with no active metastases and 27.78% of them were living with active metastases. Overall, the mean survival time was 18  months (range, 5-38  months) after diagnosis of orbital @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The most common primary @entity5 that metastasizes to the orbit is @entity189 (30.34%), followed by @entity2 (8.70%) and @entity96 (6.52%) in southern China. Orbital @entity3 can display a variety of clinical features and should be considered in @entity1 with known systemic @entity5 . The systemic prognosis is generally poor.

title: Metastatic XXXX in southern China during an 18-year period.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3169 :: ('MESH:D003229', 'Disease') :: ['conjunctival hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['blurred vision']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'lacrimal gland carcinoma', 'carcinoma', 'stomach carcinoma', 'nasopharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal eye position']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell cancer']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['papilledema']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity1736 :: ('MESH:D001763', 'Disease') :: ['blepharoptosis']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['limited ocular motility']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['orbital tumors']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the study was to determine whether a 6-week course of 5 mg of @entity2180 used to treat mixed @entity322 , produces measurable changes in the appearance of the urethral sphincter. METHODS: Twenty-six @entity1 undergoing treatment for mixed @entity322 were recruited from a urogynaecology unit after failing to improve with conservative treatments and bladder drill. All underwent dual channel subtracted cystometry, which showed mixed urodynamic stress @entity322 and detrusor overactivity. All @entity1 underwent a 3D transperineal ultrasound before @entity2180 therapy was started and after 6 weeks of treatment. The urethral length, width and volume of the smooth muscle and total sphincter volume were compared before and after the treatment. RESULTS: Clinically, 13 reported no improvement in either stress or urge @entity322 . Eight @entity1 reported improvement in their urgency symptoms but no benefit in their stress leakage. Four @entity1 reported resolution of both stress and urge @entity322 . One @entity1 reported worsening of her bladder symptoms. There was no significant change in the urethral length (p = 0.27), width (p = 0.50), volume of smooth muscle (p = 0.87) or total sphincter volume (p = 0.60) before and after treatment with @entity2180 . CONCLUSIONS: A 6-week course of @entity2180 resulted in no measurable changes in the appearance of the urethral sphincter.

title: The effect of XXXX on urethral sphincter morphology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2180 :: ('MESH:C441209', 'Chemical') :: ['solifenacin succinate', 'solifenacin']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

answer: @entity2180 :: (MESH:C441209,Chemical) :: ['solifenacin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study compared 1-year risk of @entity146 hospitalization and treatment costs in commercially insured @entity1 with @entity162 , treated with @entity1770 , @entity1280 , @entity1037 , @entity1089 or @entity1090 . METHODS: This was a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study using the Ingenix Lab/Rx integrated insurance claims dataset. @entity1 with @entity162 and 180 days of pre-index enrollment without antipsychotic exposure who received atypical antipsychotic agents were followed for up to 12 months following the initial antipsychotic prescription. The primary analysis used Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate time-dependent risk of hospitalization, adjusting for age, sex and pre-index hospitalization. Generalized gamma regression compared post-index costs between treatment groups. RESULTS: Compared to @entity1770 , @entity1280 , @entity1037 and @entity1089 had higher risks for hospitalization (hazard ratio 1.96, 1.55 and 1.56, respectively; p < 0.05); @entity1090 had a numerically higher but not statistically different risk (hazard ratio 1.37; p = 0.10). Mental health treatment costs were significantly lower for @entity1770 compared with @entity1280 (p = 0.004) and @entity1089 (p = 0.007), but not compared to @entity1037 (p = 0.29) or @entity1090 (p = 0.80). Total healthcare costs were significantly lower for @entity1770 compared to @entity1089 (p = 0.040) but not other comparators. CONCLUSIONS: In commercially insured adults with @entity162 followed for 1 year after initiation of atypical antipsychotics, treatment with @entity1770 was associated with a lower risk of @entity146 hospitalization than @entity1280 , @entity1089 , @entity1037 and @entity1090 , although this did not reach significance with the latter. @entity1770 was also associated with significantly lower total healthcare costs than @entity1089 , but not the other comparators.

title: One-year risk of @entity146 hospitalization and associated treatment costs in XXXX treated with atypical antipsychotics: a retrospective claims database analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1280 :: ('MESH:C092292', 'Chemical') :: ['ziprasidone']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

entities_list: @entity1770 :: ('MESH:C094645', 'Chemical') :: ['aripiprazole', 'Aripiprazole']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study compared 1-year risk of @entity146 hospitalization and treatment costs in commercially insured @entity1 with @entity162 , treated with @entity1770 , @entity1280 , @entity1037 , @entity1089 or @entity1090 . METHODS: This was a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study using the Ingenix Lab/Rx integrated insurance claims dataset. @entity1 with @entity162 and 180 days of pre-index enrollment without antipsychotic exposure who received atypical antipsychotic agents were followed for up to 12 months following the initial antipsychotic prescription. The primary analysis used Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate time-dependent risk of hospitalization, adjusting for age, sex and pre-index hospitalization. Generalized gamma regression compared post-index costs between treatment groups. RESULTS: Compared to @entity1770 , @entity1280 , @entity1037 and @entity1089 had higher risks for hospitalization (hazard ratio 1.96, 1.55 and 1.56, respectively; p < 0.05); @entity1090 had a numerically higher but not statistically different risk (hazard ratio 1.37; p = 0.10). Mental health treatment costs were significantly lower for @entity1770 compared with @entity1280 (p = 0.004) and @entity1089 (p = 0.007), but not compared to @entity1037 (p = 0.29) or @entity1090 (p = 0.80). Total healthcare costs were significantly lower for @entity1770 compared to @entity1089 (p = 0.040) but not other comparators. CONCLUSIONS: In commercially insured adults with @entity162 followed for 1 year after initiation of atypical antipsychotics, treatment with @entity1770 was associated with a lower risk of @entity146 hospitalization than @entity1280 , @entity1089 , @entity1037 and @entity1090 , although this did not reach significance with the latter. @entity1770 was also associated with significantly lower total healthcare costs than @entity1089 , but not the other comparators.

title: One-year risk of XXXX hospitalization and associated treatment costs in @entity162 treated with atypical antipsychotics: a retrospective claims database analysis.

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To detect the somatic mutations in complete mitochondrial genome and to investigate the role of mtDNA mutation in the tumorigenesis of @entity2 . METHODS: DNA were extracted from sixteen @entity2 and corresponding normal tissues. The entire mitochondrial genome was amplified with 32 pairs of overlapping primers. mtDNA mutations were screened by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. mtDNA fragments showing different banding patterns between @entity5 and paracancerous tissues were sequenced to identify the exact mutations. The common 4 977 bp deletion was also analyzed in all sixteen @entity5 tissues as well as the matched paracancerous samples by PCR. RESULTS: Ten out of sixteen (62.5%) @entity5 tissues showed a total of 29 mutations. Half (5/10) of @entity5 with somatic mutation presented one mutation and the rests had multiple ones. Out of 29 mutations, 17 (58.62%) were in D-loop region, 2 (6.90%) in rRNA and 10 (34.48%) in mRNA. Among 10 mRNA mutations, 7 were silence and 3 were missense mutations. Five out of twenty-nine alterations were heteroplasmic to heteroplasmic change, one was homoplasmic to heteroplasmic and the remains (23/29, 79.3%) were homoplasmic to homoplasmic change. There were five common deletions found, two in @entity5 tissues and three in paracancerous tissues. There was no mitochondrial microsatellite instability, except for the short deletion or insertion in np303-309. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of mtDNA mutations found in @entity1 with @entity2 suggests that mtDNA alterations might play an important role in tumorigenesis of @entity2 . Further studies should be needed to determine the pathological effects of somatic mtDNA mutations in @entity2 .

title: [Somatic mutation detection in complete mitochondrial DNA of XXXX @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To detect the somatic mutations in complete mitochondrial genome and to investigate the role of mtDNA mutation in the tumorigenesis of @entity2 . METHODS: DNA were extracted from sixteen @entity2 and corresponding normal tissues. The entire mitochondrial genome was amplified with 32 pairs of overlapping primers. mtDNA mutations were screened by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. mtDNA fragments showing different banding patterns between @entity5 and paracancerous tissues were sequenced to identify the exact mutations. The common 4 977 bp deletion was also analyzed in all sixteen @entity5 tissues as well as the matched paracancerous samples by PCR. RESULTS: Ten out of sixteen (62.5%) @entity5 tissues showed a total of 29 mutations. Half (5/10) of @entity5 with somatic mutation presented one mutation and the rests had multiple ones. Out of 29 mutations, 17 (58.62%) were in D-loop region, 2 (6.90%) in rRNA and 10 (34.48%) in mRNA. Among 10 mRNA mutations, 7 were silence and 3 were missense mutations. Five out of twenty-nine alterations were heteroplasmic to heteroplasmic change, one was homoplasmic to heteroplasmic and the remains (23/29, 79.3%) were homoplasmic to homoplasmic change. There were five common deletions found, two in @entity5 tissues and three in paracancerous tissues. There was no mitochondrial microsatellite instability, except for the short deletion or insertion in np303-309. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of mtDNA mutations found in @entity1 with @entity2 suggests that mtDNA alterations might play an important role in tumorigenesis of @entity2 . Further studies should be needed to determine the pathological effects of somatic mtDNA mutations in @entity2 .

title: [Somatic mutation detection in complete mitochondrial DNA of @entity2 XXXX ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of massage as a treatment option for @entity2438 . DATA SOURCES: We searched the following electronic databases using the time of their inception through March 2010: MEDLINE, AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Health Technology Assessment, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, 6 Korean medical databases (KSI, DBpia, KISTEP, RISS, KoreaMed, and National Digital Library), China Academic Journal (through China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and 3 Japanese medical databases (Journal@rchive, Science Links Japan, and Japan Science _ Technology link). The search phrase used was "(massage OR touch OR acupressure) AND ( @entity2438 OR @entity2438 OR @entity13104 OR @entity245 )." The references in all located articles were also searched. No language restrictions were imposed. STUDY SELECTION: Prospective controlled clinical studies of any type of massage therapy for @entity2438 @entity1 were included. Trials in which massage was part of a complex intervention were also included. Case studies, case series, qualitative studies, uncontrolled trials, studies that failed to provide detailed results, and trials that compared one type of massage with another were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION: All articles were read by 2 independent reviewers (M.S.L. and J-I.K.), who extracted data from the articles according to predefined criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane classification. RESULTS: Of 132 articles, only 6 studies met our inclusion criteria. One randomized clinical trial found that massage plus conventional language therapy was superior to conventional language therapy alone for symptom severity (P < .05) and communication attitude (P < .01). Two randomized clinical trials reported a significant benefit of massage for sensory profile (P < .01), adaptive behavior (P < .05), and language and social abilities (P < .01) as compared with a special education program. The fourth randomized clinical trial showed beneficial effects of massage for social communication (P < .05). Two nonrandomized controlled clinical trials suggested that massage therapy is effective. However, all of the included trials have high risk of bias. The main limitations of the included studies were small sample sizes, predefined primary outcome measures, inadequate control for nonspecific effects, and a lack of power calculations or adequate follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Limited evidence exists for the effectiveness of massage as a symptomatic treatment of @entity2438 . Because the risk of bias was high, firm conclusions cannot be drawn. Future, more rigorous randomized clinical trials seem to be warranted.

title: Massage therapy for XXXX with autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity13104 :: ('MESH:D020817', 'Disease') :: ["Asperger's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autism', 'autistic']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['pervasive developmental disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The present study aimed to monitor skin test practices as performed by veterinarian field practitioners in Belgium. For this purpose, an anonymous postal questionnaire was elaborated and dispatched to veterinarians involved in @entity291 @entity378 detection. The questionnaire included items focusing on the skin test performance. International experts in the field of @entity291 @entity378 were asked to fill the questionnaire and a scoring scale was built as follows: 0 = 'ideal' answer, 1 = acceptable answer, whereas 2 = unacceptable answer. Furthermore, experts were asked to rank the questionnaire's items according to their possible impact on the risk of not detecting reactors. A global score was further calculated for each @entity1 and a comparison of practices was carried out between the two regions of the country, i.e. Wallonia and Flanders. Significant differences were observed between both regions, a harmonization at the country level is thus essential. No veterinarian summed a null score, corresponding to the ideal skin test procedure, which suggests that skin-testing is far from being performed correctly. Field practitioners need to be sensitized to the importance of correctly performing the test. The authors recommend the questionnaire is suitable for application in other countries or regions.

title: Monitoring of the intra-dermal XXXX skin test performed by Belgian field practitioners.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculosis']