abstract: The epidemiology of @entity42 is unclear due to the lack of consistent reporting and a high likelihood of spontaneous resolution. In the USA, postmenopausal @entity1 have an @entity42 incidence of 18% over a 15-year period. Worldwide, about 7% of @entity1 have an @entity42 at some point in their lives. In Europe, a large screening trial revealed a 21.2% incidence of @entity42 among healthy postmenopausal @entity1 . The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) stated that simple cysts found on ultrasound may be safely followed without intervention, even in postmenopausal @entity1 . These cysts are not likely @entity5 precursors, nor markers of increased risk, and can be managed conservatively. @entity42 appear to be stable or resolve by the next annual examination. These findings support recent recommendations to follow unilocular simple cysts in postmenopausal @entity1 without intervention. For those @entity1 , @entity43 screening and follow up include a @entity10224 blood test and transvaginal ultrasonography (TVU) at baseline, an annual TVU for three additional years, and annual @entity10224 tests for five years beyond baseline. The TVU screening examination is considered positive (abnormal and suspicious for @entity43 ) when findings included: 1) ovarian volume greater than 10 cubic cm; 2) cyst volume greater than ten cubic cm; 3) any solid area or papillary projection extending into the cavity of a @entity43 of any size; or, 4) any mixed (solid/cystic) component within a @entity43 . @entity1 with positive screening examinations are referred to gynecologic oncology unit for follow-up investigation. Diagnostic consideration and surgical management of @entity42 are discussed.

title: Current diagnosis and management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'cystic ovarian tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity42 :: ('MESH:D010048', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cyst', 'ovarian cysts', 'Simple ovarian cysts']

answer: @entity42 :: (MESH:D010048,Disease) :: ['ovarian cysts']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Capsule endoscopy (CE) has the problem that lumen visualization is impaired by bubbles, bile, and debris. The benefits of bowel preparation are still controversial and the best method remains to be determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the method of bowel preparation on the quality of visualization and on transit time. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 68 @entity1 for CE. @entity1 were randomly allocated to three groups. In group A (n = 23), @entity1 fasted for 12 h before CE. In groups B (n = 20) and C (n = 25), @entity1 received 2 and 4 l of @entity968 ( @entity970 ), respectively. Small bowel images were evaluated by use of a cleansing score system. Representative frames were serially selected at 5-min intervals and scored by assessment of two properties (proportion of luminal visibility and extent of obscuration). RESULTS: The median scores of image quality in groups A, B, and C were 2.26, 2.43, and 2.55 respectively, (P = 0.034). Cecal completion rates, gastric transit time, and small bowel transit time were no different among the three groups. Detection of lesions in groups A, B, and C was 56.5, 65.0, and 68.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Bowel preparation with @entity970 resulted in better image quality than fasting alone. No significant difference was observed between 2 and 4 l. @entity970 2 l rather than 4 l may be a useful method of preparation for CE.

title: Effect of bowel preparation with XXXX on quality of capsule endoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity968 :: (MESH:D011092,Chemical) :: ['polyethylene glycol']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: There are various instruments to assess quality of life (QoL) in @entity1 with @entity955 ( @entity955 ). The aim of this study is to determine the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the University of Toronto @entity955 Severity Scale (AFSS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The AFSS and Short Form-36 (SF-36) were completed by 130 @entity1 with documented @entity955 . The Canadian Cardiovascular Society Severity in @entity955 (SAF) scale and European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) scale were also utilized by the attending physicians. To assess test-retest reliability, the AFSS was readministered to 47 clinically stable @entity1 at a 1-month follow-up visit. Internal consistency reliability, test-retest reproducibility, and construct validity were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 63.1 + 10.9 years and 58.5% of @entity1 were male. The outcome scores of the Turkish version of the AFSS showed good correlations with theoretically related SF-36 domains. Additionally, AFSS outcome scores showed a linear correlation with the SAF and EHRA scores. Cronbach's alpha values for internal consistency were consistent and similar with the English language version of the AFSS. Intraclass correlation coefficients for reproducibility exceeded 0.80 for every item. CONCLUSION: Convergent-divergent and known-groups validity and reliability were established for the Turkish version of the University of Toronto AFSS.

title: The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the University of Toronto XXXX Severity Scale.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial Fibrillation', 'atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: PURPOSE: Lymphadenectomy (LND) is part of the surgical management of @entity5 but causes significant perioperative morbidity. We determined whether @entity6288 , a novel marker of nutritional status, is a predictor of @entity260 after LND. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine @entity1 underwent LND for @entity5 from 1999 to 2014, and 43 had available preoperative abdominal imaging. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated on axial computed tomography images at the third lumbar vertebrae, and an SMI of 55  cm(2)/m(2) was used to classify @entity1 as sarcopenic versus not. This classification was then correlated with @entity260 and survival. RESULTS: Median lumbar SMI was 54.7  cm(2)/m(2) with 22 (51.2  %) @entity1 categorized as sarcopenic versus 21 (48.8  %) who were not. Twenty-seven @entity260 occurred in 20 @entity1 within 30  days, of which 11 (40.7  %) were major (Clavien score  >= IIIa) and 16 (59.3  %) were minor. The most common complications were wound dehiscence (25.9  %), wound @entity281 (18.5  %), lymphocele (18.5  %), and flap @entity39 (14.8  %). On univariate analysis, the presence of @entity6288 , @entity66 , and lymphovascular invasion were predictors of @entity260 . On multivariate analysis, only @entity6288 was an independent predictor of 30-day complications [p  =  0.038; 95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.1-21.1]. Although @entity6288 was not statistically associated with worse overall survival (OS), there was a trend toward poorer outcomes in these @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6288 can be a useful prognostic tool to predict the likelihood of @entity260 after LND for @entity5 . Preoperative nutritional supplementation may help reduce complication rates in the future.

title: XXXX as a predictor of complications in @entity5 @entity1 undergoing inguinal lymph node dissection.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['penile cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['Sarcopenia', 'sarcopenia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity6288 :: (MESH:D055948,Disease) :: ['Sarcopenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Lymphadenectomy (LND) is part of the surgical management of @entity5 but causes significant perioperative morbidity. We determined whether @entity6288 , a novel marker of nutritional status, is a predictor of @entity260 after LND. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine @entity1 underwent LND for @entity5 from 1999 to 2014, and 43 had available preoperative abdominal imaging. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated on axial computed tomography images at the third lumbar vertebrae, and an SMI of 55  cm(2)/m(2) was used to classify @entity1 as sarcopenic versus not. This classification was then correlated with @entity260 and survival. RESULTS: Median lumbar SMI was 54.7  cm(2)/m(2) with 22 (51.2  %) @entity1 categorized as sarcopenic versus 21 (48.8  %) who were not. Twenty-seven @entity260 occurred in 20 @entity1 within 30  days, of which 11 (40.7  %) were major (Clavien score  >= IIIa) and 16 (59.3  %) were minor. The most common complications were wound dehiscence (25.9  %), wound @entity281 (18.5  %), lymphocele (18.5  %), and flap @entity39 (14.8  %). On univariate analysis, the presence of @entity6288 , @entity66 , and lymphovascular invasion were predictors of @entity260 . On multivariate analysis, only @entity6288 was an independent predictor of 30-day complications [p  =  0.038; 95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.1-21.1]. Although @entity6288 was not statistically associated with worse overall survival (OS), there was a trend toward poorer outcomes in these @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6288 can be a useful prognostic tool to predict the likelihood of @entity260 after LND for @entity5 . Preoperative nutritional supplementation may help reduce complication rates in the future.

title: @entity6288 as a predictor of complications in XXXX @entity1 undergoing inguinal lymph node dissection.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['penile cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Lymphadenectomy (LND) is part of the surgical management of @entity5 but causes significant perioperative morbidity. We determined whether @entity6288 , a novel marker of nutritional status, is a predictor of @entity260 after LND. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine @entity1 underwent LND for @entity5 from 1999 to 2014, and 43 had available preoperative abdominal imaging. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated on axial computed tomography images at the third lumbar vertebrae, and an SMI of 55  cm(2)/m(2) was used to classify @entity1 as sarcopenic versus not. This classification was then correlated with @entity260 and survival. RESULTS: Median lumbar SMI was 54.7  cm(2)/m(2) with 22 (51.2  %) @entity1 categorized as sarcopenic versus 21 (48.8  %) who were not. Twenty-seven @entity260 occurred in 20 @entity1 within 30  days, of which 11 (40.7  %) were major (Clavien score  >= IIIa) and 16 (59.3  %) were minor. The most common complications were wound dehiscence (25.9  %), wound @entity281 (18.5  %), lymphocele (18.5  %), and flap @entity39 (14.8  %). On univariate analysis, the presence of @entity6288 , @entity66 , and lymphovascular invasion were predictors of @entity260 . On multivariate analysis, only @entity6288 was an independent predictor of 30-day complications [p  =  0.038; 95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.1-21.1]. Although @entity6288 was not statistically associated with worse overall survival (OS), there was a trend toward poorer outcomes in these @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6288 can be a useful prognostic tool to predict the likelihood of @entity260 after LND for @entity5 . Preoperative nutritional supplementation may help reduce complication rates in the future.

title: @entity6288 as a predictor of complications in @entity5 XXXX undergoing inguinal lymph node dissection.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative course of @entity1 with positive stone culture (SC) to @entity1 with sterile SC, and to analyze the predictors for post percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) @entity295 ; and to describe the type and resistance patterns of bacteria responsible for post PCNL @entity295 . From a cohort of 206 consecutive @entity1 undergoing PCNL, we identified 45 @entity1 with a positive SC (group A) and compared them to @entity1 with a sterile SC (group B). Association between different groups was assessed using Chi square, two-tailed Student's t test and Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate. Twenty-three @entity1 had @entity86 and regression analysis was performed to identify clinical variables associated with @entity295 . Demographics, stone load and hospitalization time were similar in both groups. @entity86 developed in 31.1  % of @entity1 in group A compared to 5.9  % in group B. In multivariate analysis, only positive SC was an independent risk factor for @entity86 (OR 6.894, 95  % CI 2.31-20.59, P  =  0.001). All @entity1 responded well to treatment with no septic complications. Enterococci were the prevalent organism (29.4  %) in @entity1 with a positive SC. @entity1536 resistance was high in both gram negative and gram positive bacteria. @entity1 with an infected stone are at high risk to develop @entity86 despite standard preoperative antibiotic preparation. SC is important to direct further treatment as almost half of @entity1 with positive SC have a discordant or sterile urine culture. Determining the prevalent bacteria and resistance patterns in SC can aid the selection of empiric antibiotic therapy in high-risk @entity1 .

title: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy for infection stones: what is the risk for XXXX ? A retrospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative sepsis', 'postoperative sepsis']

entities_list: @entity1536 :: ('CHEBI:23765', 'Chemical') :: ['Quinolone']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative sepsis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Collective cell migration is emerging as a major contributor to normal development and disease. Collective movement of border cells in the @entity238 ovary requires cooperation between two distinct cell types: 4-6 migratory cells surrounding two immotile cells called polar cells. Polar cells secrete a cytokine, Unpaired ( @entity40182 ), which activates @entity29000 / @entity29001 signaling in neighboring cells, stimulating their motility. Without @entity40182 , migration fails, causing sterility. Ectopic @entity40182 expression is sufficient to stimulate motility in otherwise immobile cells. Thus regulation of @entity40182 is key. Here we report a limited RNAi screen for nuclear proteins required for border cell migration, which revealed that the gene encoding @entity72016 ( @entity72016 ) is required in polar cells for @entity40182 expression without affecting polar cell fate. In the absence of @entity72016 , fewer border cells are recruited and motility is impaired, similar to inhibition of @entity29000 / @entity29001 signaling. We further show @entity72016 in polar cells is required for @entity29000 / @entity29001 activation in border cells. Genetic interactions further confirmed @entity72016 as a new regulator of @entity40182 / @entity29000 / @entity29001 signaling. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms regulating the cooperation of motile and non-motile cells during collective invasion, a phenomenon that may also drive @entity5 .

title: XXXX regulates cytokine-mediated communication between cooperating cell types during collective border cell migration.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity72016 :: (318206(Tax:7227),Gene) :: ['Tousled-like kinase']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Highly crosslinked and thermally treated @entity30375 were clinically introduced to reduce wear and @entity3061 . Although the crosslinking process improves the wear performance, it also introduces free radicals into the polymer that can subsequently oxidize. Thermal treatments have been implemented to reduce oxidation; however, the efficacy of these methods with regard to reducing in vivo oxidative degradation remains to be seen. @entity691 oxidation is a concern because it can compromise the ultimate strength and ductility of the material. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We analyzed the oxidation, oxidation potential, and mechanical behavior of thermally treated highly crosslinked @entity691 retrieved acetabular liners. METHODS: Three hundred seven acetabular liners were collected from consecutive revision surgeries at six institutions over a 10-year period. Twenty-four were sterilized using nonionizing methods, 43 were sterilized in an inert environment, 80 were highly crosslinked and annealed, and 160 were highly crosslinked and remelted. Oxidation and oxidation potential were assessed by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy. Mechanical behavior was assessed by the small punch test. RESULTS: Oxidation and @entity273 (oxidation potential) indices were elevated in the annealed and gamma inert sterilized groups compared with those of the remelted liners and uncrosslinked gas sterilized controls, particularly at the rim. We also detected an increase in oxidation over time at the bearing surface of the remelted group. Ultimate strength of the @entity691 at the bearing surface was negatively correlated with implantation time for the annealed liners. CONCLUSIONS: Within the first decade of implantation, the clinical outlook for first-generation highly crosslinked @entity691 remains promising. However, ongoing research continues to be warranted for first-generation highly crosslinked @entity691 bearings to monitor the implications of elevated oxidation at the rim of annealed liners as well as to better understand the subtle changes in oxidation at the bearing surface of remelted liners that occur in vivo.

title: Do first-generation highly crosslinked XXXX oxidize in vivo?

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyethylene', 'polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroperoxide']

entities_list: @entity3061 :: ('MESH:D010014', 'Disease') :: ['osteolysis']

entities_list: @entity30375 :: ('MESH:D011095', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylenes']

answer: @entity30375 :: (MESH:D011095,Chemical) :: ['polyethylenes']


abstract: Objectives. @entity5823 (+) @entity1071 is a rare variant of @entity784 . Sustained complete response following first-line treatments is rare. This retrospective review evaluates the response of refractory or recurrent lesions to palliative radiation therapy. Methods. The records of 6 @entity1 with 12 lesions, treated with radiation therapy, were reviewed. All @entity1 received previous first-line treatments. @entity1 with clinical and pathological evidence of symptomatic @entity5823 (+) @entity1071 , with no history of other @entity784 variants, and with no prior radiation therapy to the index site were included. Results. The median age of @entity1 was 50.5 years (range, 15-83 years). Median size of the treated lesions was 2.5   cm (range, 2-7   cm). Four sites were treated with a single fraction of 750-800   cGy (n = 3) and 8 sites were treated with 4000-4500   cGy in 200-250   cGy fractions (n = 3). Radiation therapy was administered with electrons and bolus. Median follow-up was 113 months (range, 16-147 months). For all sites, there was 100% complete response with acute grade 1-2 @entity1909 . Conclusions. For recurrent and symptomatic radiation-na  ve @entity5823 (+) @entity1071 lesions, palliative radiation therapy shows excellent response. A single fraction of 750-800   cGy is as effective as a multifractionated course and more convenient.

title: Single-Fraction Radiotherapy for @entity5823 (+) XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoproliferative disorder']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

answer: @entity1071 :: (MESH:D008232,Disease) :: ['Lymphoproliferative Disorders']


abstract: Objectives. @entity5823 (+) @entity1071 is a rare variant of @entity784 . Sustained complete response following first-line treatments is rare. This retrospective review evaluates the response of refractory or recurrent lesions to palliative radiation therapy. Methods. The records of 6 @entity1 with 12 lesions, treated with radiation therapy, were reviewed. All @entity1 received previous first-line treatments. @entity1 with clinical and pathological evidence of symptomatic @entity5823 (+) @entity1071 , with no history of other @entity784 variants, and with no prior radiation therapy to the index site were included. Results. The median age of @entity1 was 50.5 years (range, 15-83 years). Median size of the treated lesions was 2.5   cm (range, 2-7   cm). Four sites were treated with a single fraction of 750-800   cGy (n = 3) and 8 sites were treated with 4000-4500   cGy in 200-250   cGy fractions (n = 3). Radiation therapy was administered with electrons and bolus. Median follow-up was 113 months (range, 16-147 months). For all sites, there was 100% complete response with acute grade 1-2 @entity1909 . Conclusions. For recurrent and symptomatic radiation-na  ve @entity5823 (+) @entity1071 lesions, palliative radiation therapy shows excellent response. A single fraction of 750-800   cGy is as effective as a multifractionated course and more convenient.

title: Single-Fraction Radiotherapy for XXXX (+) @entity1071 .

answer: @entity5823 :: (943,Gene) :: ['CD30']


abstract: RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Defensive medical practice represents an increasing concern in European countries and is reported to account for rising health care expenditures. Malpractice liability, current jurisdiction and the increasing claim for accountability appear to result in additional diagnostic requests with marginal clinical benefit. Investigations that evaluate the national Austrian prevalence and contextual principles and consequences of defensive medicine are lacking so far. METHOD: Orthopaedic and @entity130 surgeons as well as radiologists from public hospitals in Austria were invited to complete a study questionnaire retrieving personal estimation of the quantity of @entity1 contacts and defensive requests in a typical month, subjective judgement of medico-legal climate, evolving defensive trends, working time usage for defensive considerations and prior confrontations with malpractice liability claims. RESULTS: The prevalence of defensive medicine was found to be 97.7%. The average orthopaedic or @entity130 surgeon requests 19.6 investigations per month for defensive reasons, which represents 28% of all diagnostic examinations. High-quality imaging modalities and short-term admissions yield increasing defensive significance. @entity1 are confronted with 1.4 liability claims per month. During the treatment of high-risk @entity1 , 81% of doctors request additional diagnostic procedures for defensive considerations. Expenditure of time for defensive practice amounts to 9.2 hours/month in radiology and to 17 and 18% of total working time, respectively, in orthopaedic and @entity130 surgery. CONCLUSION: Defensive medical practice represents a serious and common challenge in Austria. Our results indicate the urgent necessity for confrontation with and solution for the increasing effort of self-protection within the health care system.

title: A national survey of defensive medicine among orthopaedic surgeons, XXXX surgeons and radiologists in Austria: evaluation of prevalence and context.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants', 'patient']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: The in vivo spasmogenic capacity of a lipid @entity273 ( @entity72017 : @entity72017 ) was studied in a chronic experiment using the @entity235 . The @entity72017 was injected into the cisterna magna (0.2 or 2 mg emulsified in bovine serum albumin solution). The changes in diameter of the basilar artery were followed by angiography, and the morphological changes were studied by electron microscopy. The cisternal injection of 0.2 mg of @entity72017 caused a mild constriction of the basilar artery which lasted about 7 hours. The cisternal injection of 2 mg of @entity72017 caused a biphasic constriction, the initial phase of which was a moderate narrowing lasting about 10 hours. The second phase started on the 2nd or the 3rd day after injection. The intensity of the arterial narrowing was more pronounced in the second phase than in the first. The prolonged secondary constriction of the basilar artery continued until sacrifice on the 7th day after injection. Electron microscopic study revealed a marked @entity179 in the endothelium and myonecrotic changes in the tunica media. The prolonged arterial constriction in the second phase was invariably associated with remarkable degeneration of the endothelium. On the other hand, myonecrotic changes were limited to a small number of smooth-muscle cells. The results of the present study are consonant with the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation associated with lysis of the subarachnoid clot is involved in the genesis of chronic @entity2553 in @entity510 .

title: The effect of a lipid XXXX of arachidonic acid on the @entity235 basilar artery. An experimental study on @entity2553 .

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative change']

entities_list: @entity72017 :: ('MESH:C025086', 'Chemical') :: ['15-hydroperoxy arachidonic acid', '15-HPAA']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['hydroperoxide']


abstract: The in vivo spasmogenic capacity of a lipid @entity273 ( @entity72017 : @entity72017 ) was studied in a chronic experiment using the @entity235 . The @entity72017 was injected into the cisterna magna (0.2 or 2 mg emulsified in bovine serum albumin solution). The changes in diameter of the basilar artery were followed by angiography, and the morphological changes were studied by electron microscopy. The cisternal injection of 0.2 mg of @entity72017 caused a mild constriction of the basilar artery which lasted about 7 hours. The cisternal injection of 2 mg of @entity72017 caused a biphasic constriction, the initial phase of which was a moderate narrowing lasting about 10 hours. The second phase started on the 2nd or the 3rd day after injection. The intensity of the arterial narrowing was more pronounced in the second phase than in the first. The prolonged secondary constriction of the basilar artery continued until sacrifice on the 7th day after injection. Electron microscopic study revealed a marked @entity179 in the endothelium and myonecrotic changes in the tunica media. The prolonged arterial constriction in the second phase was invariably associated with remarkable degeneration of the endothelium. On the other hand, myonecrotic changes were limited to a small number of smooth-muscle cells. The results of the present study are consonant with the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation associated with lysis of the subarachnoid clot is involved in the genesis of chronic @entity2553 in @entity510 .

title: The effect of a lipid @entity273 of arachidonic acid on the @entity235 basilar artery. An experimental study on XXXX .

answer: @entity2553 :: (MESH:D020301,Disease) :: ['cerebral vasospasm']


abstract: The in vivo spasmogenic capacity of a lipid @entity273 ( @entity72017 : @entity72017 ) was studied in a chronic experiment using the @entity235 . The @entity72017 was injected into the cisterna magna (0.2 or 2 mg emulsified in bovine serum albumin solution). The changes in diameter of the basilar artery were followed by angiography, and the morphological changes were studied by electron microscopy. The cisternal injection of 0.2 mg of @entity72017 caused a mild constriction of the basilar artery which lasted about 7 hours. The cisternal injection of 2 mg of @entity72017 caused a biphasic constriction, the initial phase of which was a moderate narrowing lasting about 10 hours. The second phase started on the 2nd or the 3rd day after injection. The intensity of the arterial narrowing was more pronounced in the second phase than in the first. The prolonged secondary constriction of the basilar artery continued until sacrifice on the 7th day after injection. Electron microscopic study revealed a marked @entity179 in the endothelium and myonecrotic changes in the tunica media. The prolonged arterial constriction in the second phase was invariably associated with remarkable degeneration of the endothelium. On the other hand, myonecrotic changes were limited to a small number of smooth-muscle cells. The results of the present study are consonant with the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation associated with lysis of the subarachnoid clot is involved in the genesis of chronic @entity2553 in @entity510 .

title: The effect of a lipid @entity273 of arachidonic acid on the XXXX basilar artery. An experimental study on @entity2553 .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We prospectively investigated the efficacy of corticosteroid medication in salvaging acute @entity393 after radiosurgery for @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ) and analyzed prognostic factors for hearing preservation. METHODS: Forty-one @entity1 with serviceable hearing treated with gamma knife radiosurgery between 2004 and 2006 were included. Nineteen @entity1 who suffered acute @entity393 after radiosurgery were treated with oral @entity288 . The efficacy of @entity288 was compared with the results of a historical observation group of 15 @entity1 who had experienced @entity393 but who had not taken @entity288 . RESULTS: The @entity5 control rate and serviceable hearing preservation rate at the last follow-up were 97.6 and 61%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the actuarial serviceable hearing preservation rates between the @entity228 treatment group and the historical observation group (p = 0.519). However, the mean pure-tone averages were significantly different between the 2 groups (51.5 vs. 63.7 dB; p = 0.025). Multivariate analysis revealed that preradiosurgery hearing status and transient volume expansion were prognostic factors for hearing preservation (p = 0.013 and p = 0.029, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the possibility that corticosteroid medication may improve acute @entity393 after radiosurgery in @entity5513 @entity1 . Further studies on optimal corticosteroid medication for managing acute @entity393 after radiosurgery are mandatory.

title: Efficacy of @entity288 in hearing preservation after radiosurgery for XXXX : a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['VS', 'vestibular schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing deterioration']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We prospectively investigated the efficacy of corticosteroid medication in salvaging acute @entity393 after radiosurgery for @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ) and analyzed prognostic factors for hearing preservation. METHODS: Forty-one @entity1 with serviceable hearing treated with gamma knife radiosurgery between 2004 and 2006 were included. Nineteen @entity1 who suffered acute @entity393 after radiosurgery were treated with oral @entity288 . The efficacy of @entity288 was compared with the results of a historical observation group of 15 @entity1 who had experienced @entity393 but who had not taken @entity288 . RESULTS: The @entity5 control rate and serviceable hearing preservation rate at the last follow-up were 97.6 and 61%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the actuarial serviceable hearing preservation rates between the @entity228 treatment group and the historical observation group (p = 0.519). However, the mean pure-tone averages were significantly different between the 2 groups (51.5 vs. 63.7 dB; p = 0.025). Multivariate analysis revealed that preradiosurgery hearing status and transient volume expansion were prognostic factors for hearing preservation (p = 0.013 and p = 0.029, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the possibility that corticosteroid medication may improve acute @entity393 after radiosurgery in @entity5513 @entity1 . Further studies on optimal corticosteroid medication for managing acute @entity393 after radiosurgery are mandatory.

title: Efficacy of XXXX in hearing preservation after radiosurgery for @entity5513 : a prospective study.

answer: @entity288 :: (MESH:D000305,Chemical) :: ['corticosteroids']


abstract: Five cases of @entity99 are described, and a sixth (previously reported) is reviewed. Clinical features, investigation, and management are described to show the great variability of the complications and prognosis. Five @entity1 presented in the first 10 weeks of life with @entity382 ; 4 developed @entity712 ; 3 had cutaneous haemangiomata. One @entity1 presented at age 4 years with @entity382 and @entity417 , and on investigation had features of chronic @entity5642 . Focal decrease or @entity3067 in hepatic uptake of @entity1136 colloid, and abnormal intrahepatic circulation was shown in all cases. In 3 @entity1 liver biopsy was performed to exclude @entity5 . In one @entity1 there was spontaneous regression of the @entity5 by age 3 years. In 3 cases hepatic artery ligation was necessary to control @entity712 which had persisted despite treatment with digoxin, diuretics, and oral @entity288 , a procedure which was without complications after up to 8 years. One @entity1 with intractable portal @entity101 , @entity99 , and severe @entity1448 died with persisting alimentary @entity548 and @entity1320 . One @entity1 aged 4 years showed no immediate response to hepatic artery ligation but the size of her @entity5 got smaller and the clinical features diminished after irradiation. These @entity5 cause considerable morbidity and have a high reported mortality. If @entity712 is not rapidly controlled, hepatic artery ligation should be performed.

title: XXXX : diagnosis and management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity1136 :: ('MESH:D013667', 'Chemical') :: ['technetium-99m']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['disseminated intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity3067 :: ('MESH:C531609', 'Disease') :: ['patchiness']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic vein obstruction', 'hepatic haemangioma']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['Hepatic haemangiomata']


abstract: Twenty-four @entity1 were admitted to Kasr-El-Aini Hospital with suspected diagnoses of @entity9111 . The @entity1 underwent clinical examinations, stool specimen analyses for cysts and trophozoites of @entity2330 , radiologic examinations, and routine liver function tests. In one @entity1 , a liver scintiscan was obtained. Ultrasonographic examination was performed on all @entity1 using the gray scale imaging technique. In 20 @entity1 , the diagnoses of @entity9111 were demonstrated by ultrasonographic examination. In 19 @entity1 , @entity9111 were verified by aspiration biopsies (95%), and one @entity1 had a false-positive result. This false-positive result was due to a degenerated @entity157 , demonstrated by aspiration biopsy. Of the 19 @entity1 , 12 @entity1 (63.12%) had right lobe abscesses and seven (36.89%) had @entity867 . The site, size and nature of the pus contained in the abscess could be determined by ultrasonographic examination and, therefore, helped in the management and technique of the aspiration biopsy. In addition, follow-up data could be more detailed using ultrasonographic examinations. Ultrasonographic examination is a noninvasive, safe, accurate, and rapid method of diagnosis, and is highly recommended as a routing procedure in all cases of suspected @entity9111 in the pre- and posttreatment stages of the disease. It is also recommended as an indicator of complete cure at follow-up examination.

title: Ultrasonography and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2330 :: ('5759', 'Species') :: ['Entamoeba histolytica']

entities_list: @entity9111 :: ('MESH:D008101', 'Disease') :: ['amoebic liver abscesses']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity867 :: ('MESH:D001922', 'Disease') :: ['left lobe abscesses']

answer: @entity9111 :: (MESH:D008101,Disease) :: ['amoebic liver abscesses']


abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of @entity1460 meal (SM) and @entity12360 ( @entity12360 ) on biogenic @entity6115 production and microbial diversity using in vitro ruminal fermentation. Treatments comprised of incubation of 2 g of mixture (expressed as 10 parts) containing different ratios of SM to @entity12360 as: 0:0, 10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, or 0:10. In vitro ruminal fermentation parameters were determined at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h of incubation while the biogenic @entity6115 and microbial diversity were determined at 48 h of incubation. Treatment with highest proportion of SM had higher (p<0.05) gas production than those with higher proportions of @entity12360 . Samples with higher proportion of @entity12360 resulted in lower pH than those with higher proportion of SM after 48 h of incubation. The largest change in NH3-N concentration from 0 to 48 h was observed on all SM while the smallest was observed on exclusive @entity12360 . Similarly, exclusive @entity12360 had the lowest NH3-N concentration among all groups after 24 h of incubation. Increasing @entity577 ( @entity578 ) concentrations were observed with time, and @entity578 concentrations were higher (p<0.05) with greater proportions of SM than @entity12360 . Balanced proportion of SM and @entity12360 had the highest (p<0.05) total volatile @entity844 (TVFA) while propionate was found highest in higher proportion of @entity12360 . Moreover, biogenic @entity6115 (BA) was higher (p<0.05) in samples containing greater proportions of SM. Histamines, @entity6115 index and total @entity4478 were highest in exclusive SM followed in sequence mixtures with increasing proportion of @entity12360 (and lowered proportion of SM) at 48 h of incubation. Nine dominant bands were identified by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and their identity ranged from 87% to 100% which were mostly isolated from rumen and feces. Bands R2 ( @entity7696 clone RB-5E1) and R4 ( @entity7696 rumen bacterium clone L7A_C10) bands were found in samples with higher proportions of SM while R3 ( @entity7696 Firmicutes bacterium clone NI_52), R7 ( @entity42428 sp. MCB2), R8 ( @entity42428 gene) and R9 ( @entity42428 LongY6) were found in samples with higher proportions of @entity12360 . Different feed ratios affect rumen fermentation in terms of pH, NH3-N, @entity578 , BA, volatile @entity844 and other metabolite concentrations and microbial diversity. Balanced protein and @entity1735 ratios are needed for rumen fermentation.

title: Effect of XXXX Meal and Soluble Starch on Biogenic Amine Production and Microbial Diversity Using In vitro Rumen Fermentation.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity7696 :: ('77133', 'Species') :: ['uncultured bacterium', 'uncultured']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity12360 :: ('MESH:C565532', 'Disease') :: ['SS', 'soluble starch']

entities_list: @entity42428 :: ('971', 'Species') :: ['Selenomonas ruminantium', 'Selenomonas ruminantium strain', 'Selenomonas']

answer: @entity1460 :: (3847,Species) :: ['Soybean']


abstract: SUMMARY: Napsin A and @entity6639 ( @entity6639 , @entity12877 ) have recently been described as being frequently expressed in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) of the gynecological tract. The present study was conducted to assess the test performance of these newer markers relative to the more traditional marker, @entity5456 ( @entity5456 ), in a large and histotypically diverse dataset. A total of 279 @entity43 in tissue microarrays were immunohistochemically assessed for the expression of Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 . @entity5456 , Napsin A and @entity6639 were expressed in 92%, 82% and 63% of 65 @entity1358 , 7%, 1% and 1% of 101 @entity189 , 37%, 5.3% and 0% of 19 @entity4348 , 60%, 0% and 0% of 45 @entity5 , 100%, 0% and 0% of seven yolk sac @entity5 , and 0%, 16.7% and 16.7% of six @entity134 cell @entity5 NOS, respectively. All other @entity5 , including 18 adult-type granulosa cell @entity5 , @entity5000 and nine other miscellaneous @entity5 types were negative for all three markers. Using a benchmark of >= 1% of @entity5 cells for positivity and @entity1358 as the diagnostic end-point, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of Napsin A expression were 0.82, 0.99, 0.94, and 0.98, respectively (odds ratio 439, p<0.0001). Respective parameters were 0.92, 0.79, 0.97, and 0.58 (odds ratio 44, p<0.0001) for @entity5456 and 0.63, 0.99, 0.89, and 0.5 (odds ratio 112, p<0.0001) for @entity6639 . The combination of any two positive markers, irrespective of the staining pattern of the third, significantly predicted the @entity1358 histotype in every analytic scenario. In summary, @entity5456 is highly sensitive but is suboptimally specific in isolation, whereas @entity6639 is highly specific but is suboptimally sensitive. Napsin A is specific but of intermediate sensitivity. Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 are all viable markers of @entity1358 that can be deployed as components of larger panels when @entity1358 is a diagnostic consideration.

title: Comparative analysis of Napsin A, alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase ( XXXX , @entity12877 ), and @entity5456 as diagnostic markers of @entity43 : an immunohistochemical study of 279 @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumours']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity5456 :: ('6928', 'Gene') :: ['HNF1b', 'hepatocyte nuclear factor 1b']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['serous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell carcinomas', 'CCC']

entities_list: @entity6639 :: ('23600', 'Gene') :: ['a-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase', 'AMACR']

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5000 :: ('MESH:D004407', 'Disease') :: ['eight dysgerminomas']

answer: @entity6639 :: (23600,Gene) :: ['AMACR']


abstract: SUMMARY: Napsin A and @entity6639 ( @entity6639 , @entity12877 ) have recently been described as being frequently expressed in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) of the gynecological tract. The present study was conducted to assess the test performance of these newer markers relative to the more traditional marker, @entity5456 ( @entity5456 ), in a large and histotypically diverse dataset. A total of 279 @entity43 in tissue microarrays were immunohistochemically assessed for the expression of Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 . @entity5456 , Napsin A and @entity6639 were expressed in 92%, 82% and 63% of 65 @entity1358 , 7%, 1% and 1% of 101 @entity189 , 37%, 5.3% and 0% of 19 @entity4348 , 60%, 0% and 0% of 45 @entity5 , 100%, 0% and 0% of seven yolk sac @entity5 , and 0%, 16.7% and 16.7% of six @entity134 cell @entity5 NOS, respectively. All other @entity5 , including 18 adult-type granulosa cell @entity5 , @entity5000 and nine other miscellaneous @entity5 types were negative for all three markers. Using a benchmark of >= 1% of @entity5 cells for positivity and @entity1358 as the diagnostic end-point, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of Napsin A expression were 0.82, 0.99, 0.94, and 0.98, respectively (odds ratio 439, p<0.0001). Respective parameters were 0.92, 0.79, 0.97, and 0.58 (odds ratio 44, p<0.0001) for @entity5456 and 0.63, 0.99, 0.89, and 0.5 (odds ratio 112, p<0.0001) for @entity6639 . The combination of any two positive markers, irrespective of the staining pattern of the third, significantly predicted the @entity1358 histotype in every analytic scenario. In summary, @entity5456 is highly sensitive but is suboptimally specific in isolation, whereas @entity6639 is highly specific but is suboptimally sensitive. Napsin A is specific but of intermediate sensitivity. Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 are all viable markers of @entity1358 that can be deployed as components of larger panels when @entity1358 is a diagnostic consideration.

title: Comparative analysis of Napsin A, alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase ( @entity6639 , XXXX ), and @entity5456 as diagnostic markers of @entity43 : an immunohistochemical study of 279 @entity43 .

answer: @entity12877 :: (p|SUB|P|504|S,ProteinMutation) :: ['P504S']


abstract: SUMMARY: Napsin A and @entity6639 ( @entity6639 , @entity12877 ) have recently been described as being frequently expressed in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) of the gynecological tract. The present study was conducted to assess the test performance of these newer markers relative to the more traditional marker, @entity5456 ( @entity5456 ), in a large and histotypically diverse dataset. A total of 279 @entity43 in tissue microarrays were immunohistochemically assessed for the expression of Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 . @entity5456 , Napsin A and @entity6639 were expressed in 92%, 82% and 63% of 65 @entity1358 , 7%, 1% and 1% of 101 @entity189 , 37%, 5.3% and 0% of 19 @entity4348 , 60%, 0% and 0% of 45 @entity5 , 100%, 0% and 0% of seven yolk sac @entity5 , and 0%, 16.7% and 16.7% of six @entity134 cell @entity5 NOS, respectively. All other @entity5 , including 18 adult-type granulosa cell @entity5 , @entity5000 and nine other miscellaneous @entity5 types were negative for all three markers. Using a benchmark of >= 1% of @entity5 cells for positivity and @entity1358 as the diagnostic end-point, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of Napsin A expression were 0.82, 0.99, 0.94, and 0.98, respectively (odds ratio 439, p<0.0001). Respective parameters were 0.92, 0.79, 0.97, and 0.58 (odds ratio 44, p<0.0001) for @entity5456 and 0.63, 0.99, 0.89, and 0.5 (odds ratio 112, p<0.0001) for @entity6639 . The combination of any two positive markers, irrespective of the staining pattern of the third, significantly predicted the @entity1358 histotype in every analytic scenario. In summary, @entity5456 is highly sensitive but is suboptimally specific in isolation, whereas @entity6639 is highly specific but is suboptimally sensitive. Napsin A is specific but of intermediate sensitivity. Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 are all viable markers of @entity1358 that can be deployed as components of larger panels when @entity1358 is a diagnostic consideration.

title: Comparative analysis of Napsin A, alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase ( @entity6639 , @entity12877 ), and @entity5456 as diagnostic markers of XXXX : an immunohistochemical study of 279 @entity43 .

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian clear cell carcinoma']


abstract: SUMMARY: Napsin A and @entity6639 ( @entity6639 , @entity12877 ) have recently been described as being frequently expressed in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) of the gynecological tract. The present study was conducted to assess the test performance of these newer markers relative to the more traditional marker, @entity5456 ( @entity5456 ), in a large and histotypically diverse dataset. A total of 279 @entity43 in tissue microarrays were immunohistochemically assessed for the expression of Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 . @entity5456 , Napsin A and @entity6639 were expressed in 92%, 82% and 63% of 65 @entity1358 , 7%, 1% and 1% of 101 @entity189 , 37%, 5.3% and 0% of 19 @entity4348 , 60%, 0% and 0% of 45 @entity5 , 100%, 0% and 0% of seven yolk sac @entity5 , and 0%, 16.7% and 16.7% of six @entity134 cell @entity5 NOS, respectively. All other @entity5 , including 18 adult-type granulosa cell @entity5 , @entity5000 and nine other miscellaneous @entity5 types were negative for all three markers. Using a benchmark of >= 1% of @entity5 cells for positivity and @entity1358 as the diagnostic end-point, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of Napsin A expression were 0.82, 0.99, 0.94, and 0.98, respectively (odds ratio 439, p<0.0001). Respective parameters were 0.92, 0.79, 0.97, and 0.58 (odds ratio 44, p<0.0001) for @entity5456 and 0.63, 0.99, 0.89, and 0.5 (odds ratio 112, p<0.0001) for @entity6639 . The combination of any two positive markers, irrespective of the staining pattern of the third, significantly predicted the @entity1358 histotype in every analytic scenario. In summary, @entity5456 is highly sensitive but is suboptimally specific in isolation, whereas @entity6639 is highly specific but is suboptimally sensitive. Napsin A is specific but of intermediate sensitivity. Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 are all viable markers of @entity1358 that can be deployed as components of larger panels when @entity1358 is a diagnostic consideration.

title: Comparative analysis of Napsin A, alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase ( @entity6639 , @entity12877 ), and @entity5456 as diagnostic markers of @entity43 : an immunohistochemical study of 279 XXXX .

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian tumours']


abstract: SUMMARY: Napsin A and @entity6639 ( @entity6639 , @entity12877 ) have recently been described as being frequently expressed in @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) of the gynecological tract. The present study was conducted to assess the test performance of these newer markers relative to the more traditional marker, @entity5456 ( @entity5456 ), in a large and histotypically diverse dataset. A total of 279 @entity43 in tissue microarrays were immunohistochemically assessed for the expression of Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 . @entity5456 , Napsin A and @entity6639 were expressed in 92%, 82% and 63% of 65 @entity1358 , 7%, 1% and 1% of 101 @entity189 , 37%, 5.3% and 0% of 19 @entity4348 , 60%, 0% and 0% of 45 @entity5 , 100%, 0% and 0% of seven yolk sac @entity5 , and 0%, 16.7% and 16.7% of six @entity134 cell @entity5 NOS, respectively. All other @entity5 , including 18 adult-type granulosa cell @entity5 , @entity5000 and nine other miscellaneous @entity5 types were negative for all three markers. Using a benchmark of >= 1% of @entity5 cells for positivity and @entity1358 as the diagnostic end-point, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of Napsin A expression were 0.82, 0.99, 0.94, and 0.98, respectively (odds ratio 439, p<0.0001). Respective parameters were 0.92, 0.79, 0.97, and 0.58 (odds ratio 44, p<0.0001) for @entity5456 and 0.63, 0.99, 0.89, and 0.5 (odds ratio 112, p<0.0001) for @entity6639 . The combination of any two positive markers, irrespective of the staining pattern of the third, significantly predicted the @entity1358 histotype in every analytic scenario. In summary, @entity5456 is highly sensitive but is suboptimally specific in isolation, whereas @entity6639 is highly specific but is suboptimally sensitive. Napsin A is specific but of intermediate sensitivity. Napsin A, @entity6639 and @entity5456 are all viable markers of @entity1358 that can be deployed as components of larger panels when @entity1358 is a diagnostic consideration.

title: Comparative analysis of Napsin A, alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase ( @entity6639 , @entity12877 ), and XXXX as diagnostic markers of @entity43 : an immunohistochemical study of 279 @entity43 .

answer: @entity5456 :: (6928,Gene) :: ['hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta']


abstract: @entity291 thyroid 100,000 X g supernatant contained @entity460 -activated, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (PK-CaM) activity. The PK-CaM was partially purified using ion-exchange chromatography and characterized. PK-CaM, using casein as exogenous substrate, was not stimulated by @entity141 (0-500 microM) or calmodulin (1-10 micrograms) by themselves, but was stimulated by the combination of the two by 100%. The activation of the enzyme by @entity141 and calmodulin was dose-dependent with maximal stimulation evident at 1 microM free- @entity141 and 3 micrograms calmodulin. Both @entity2644 and @entity6105 inhibited the thyroid enzyme in a dose-related manner. The molecular weight (MW) of the PK-CaM, based on gel filtration, was approximately 500,000. PK-CaM could also be demonstrated using endogenous thyroid cytosol proteins as substrate. Separation of these 32P-labelled proteins by @entity214 -PAGE and subsequent autoradiography revealed that one major protein of approximately 56,000 MW was phosphorylated by PK-CaM. In some experiments, a second, less-intense protein band of approximately 64,000 MW was also phosphorylated. Evidence is presented, suggesting that these two protein bands may result from the autophosphorylation of the PK-CaM holoenzyme. These results offer a molecular mechanism, in addition to protein kinase C, by which @entity141 effects may be mediated in thyroid.

title: @entity460 -activated, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity in XXXX thyroid cytosol.

entities_list: @entity6105 :: ('MESH:D014268', 'Chemical') :: ['trifluoperazine']

entities_list: @entity2644 :: ('MESH:D002746', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpromazine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: @entity291 thyroid 100,000 X g supernatant contained @entity460 -activated, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (PK-CaM) activity. The PK-CaM was partially purified using ion-exchange chromatography and characterized. PK-CaM, using casein as exogenous substrate, was not stimulated by @entity141 (0-500 microM) or calmodulin (1-10 micrograms) by themselves, but was stimulated by the combination of the two by 100%. The activation of the enzyme by @entity141 and calmodulin was dose-dependent with maximal stimulation evident at 1 microM free- @entity141 and 3 micrograms calmodulin. Both @entity2644 and @entity6105 inhibited the thyroid enzyme in a dose-related manner. The molecular weight (MW) of the PK-CaM, based on gel filtration, was approximately 500,000. PK-CaM could also be demonstrated using endogenous thyroid cytosol proteins as substrate. Separation of these 32P-labelled proteins by @entity214 -PAGE and subsequent autoradiography revealed that one major protein of approximately 56,000 MW was phosphorylated by PK-CaM. In some experiments, a second, less-intense protein band of approximately 64,000 MW was also phosphorylated. Evidence is presented, suggesting that these two protein bands may result from the autophosphorylation of the PK-CaM holoenzyme. These results offer a molecular mechanism, in addition to protein kinase C, by which @entity141 effects may be mediated in thyroid.

title: XXXX -activated, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity in @entity291 thyroid cytosol.

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: @entity296 may result from severe @entity130 . Therefore, left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function were prospectively assessed by ECG-gated blood pool radionuclide (RN) angiography in 25 consecutive @entity1 who had sustained severe @entity130 including blunt @entity764 . Focal abnormalities of RV and LV wall motion were defined in 17 @entity1 ; 12, RV; two, LV; and three, biventricular. In two @entity1 traumatic @entity997 was also demonstrated, and subsequently verified by contrast angiography. Other means to detect @entity296 (enzymatic, electrocardiographic, and @entity52547 scintigraphy) proved to be insensitive when compared to RN angiography. Two of the five deaths in the group were attributed to refractory @entity943 . Surgical or post-mortem evidence of traumatic @entity296 was obtained in five instances when RN angiography indicated contusion. Of the 13 @entity1 available for followup examinations, 11 showed complete or partial resolution of the abnormality and two were unchanged. Comprehensive cardiopulmonary monitoring revealed an inverse relationship between right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (R2 = 0.42; p < 0.01) and between the PVR and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (R2 = 0.48; p < 0.01) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) (R2 = 0.69; p < 0.01). Further, as right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) was increased in @entity130 , left ventricular function and compliance were reduced. In blunt @entity764 RV contusion occurs more frequently than previously recognized and positive RN angiography constitutes prima facie evidence of direct @entity296 . Further, LV function remains preload dependent, but may be @entity308 by elevated PVR impeding the blood flow from RV to LV and/or decreases in LV compliance.

title: Anatomic and cardiopulmonary responses to @entity130 with associated blunt XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial contusion', 'myocardial injury', 'Myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity52547 :: ('MESH:D016698', 'Chemical') :: ['Tc-99m pyrophosphate']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest injuries', 'chest trauma']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity764 :: (MESH:D013898,Disease) :: ['chest injury']


abstract: @entity296 may result from severe @entity130 . Therefore, left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function were prospectively assessed by ECG-gated blood pool radionuclide (RN) angiography in 25 consecutive @entity1 who had sustained severe @entity130 including blunt @entity764 . Focal abnormalities of RV and LV wall motion were defined in 17 @entity1 ; 12, RV; two, LV; and three, biventricular. In two @entity1 traumatic @entity997 was also demonstrated, and subsequently verified by contrast angiography. Other means to detect @entity296 (enzymatic, electrocardiographic, and @entity52547 scintigraphy) proved to be insensitive when compared to RN angiography. Two of the five deaths in the group were attributed to refractory @entity943 . Surgical or post-mortem evidence of traumatic @entity296 was obtained in five instances when RN angiography indicated contusion. Of the 13 @entity1 available for followup examinations, 11 showed complete or partial resolution of the abnormality and two were unchanged. Comprehensive cardiopulmonary monitoring revealed an inverse relationship between right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (R2 = 0.42; p < 0.01) and between the PVR and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (R2 = 0.48; p < 0.01) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) (R2 = 0.69; p < 0.01). Further, as right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) was increased in @entity130 , left ventricular function and compliance were reduced. In blunt @entity764 RV contusion occurs more frequently than previously recognized and positive RN angiography constitutes prima facie evidence of direct @entity296 . Further, LV function remains preload dependent, but may be @entity308 by elevated PVR impeding the blood flow from RV to LV and/or decreases in LV compliance.

title: Anatomic and cardiopulmonary responses to XXXX with associated blunt @entity764 .

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: A 3-year experience with diaphragmatic disruption secondary to blunt @entity130 was reviewed. Seventy-five per cent of the disruptions were on the left side and the incidence of associated intra-abdominal and thoracic injuries was 100%. Disruption occurred in two distinct anatomic positions: 1) through the central tendon; 2) at the lateral costal insertion. Diagnosis was usually made by plain X-ray films of the chest, occasionally with the aid of fluoroscopy. Difficulty was encountered making the diagnosis preoperatively, especially when there was significant hemothorax and/or @entity358 . Angiography was diagnostic in three cases. Careful examination of the diaphragm in all blunt abdominal cases is essential to avoid delay in diagnosis. In the @entity1 with an associated ruptured hollow viscus there was high incidence of @entity3509 leading to severe morbidity. In such cases concomitant thoracotomy at the time of definitive therapy should be considered. The mortality of this injury is primarily related to the incidence of associated injuries and pre-existing, nontraumatic disease. @entity2914 rarely occurs alone in blunt @entity130 . Laparotomy is required for control of @entity548 in most cases.

title: XXXX secondary to blunt abdominal trauma.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['Diaphragmatic disruption']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary contusion']

answer: @entity2914 :: (MESH:D065630,Disease) :: ['Diaphragmatic disruption']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Early reexamination of @entity1735 metabolism via an oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT) is recommended after pregnancy with gestational diabetes (GDM). In this report, we aimed to assess the dominant patterns of dynamic OGTT measurements and subsequently explain them by meanings of the underlying pathophysiological processes. Principal components analysis (PCA), a statistical procedure that aims to reduce the dimensionality of multiple interrelated measures to a set of linearly uncorrelated variables (the principal components) was performed on OGTT data of @entity413 , @entity2690 and C-peptide in addition to age and body mass index (BMI) of 151 @entity1 (n = 110 females after GDM and n = 41 controls) at 3-6 mo after delivery. These components were explained by frequently sampled intravenous @entity413 tolerance test (FSIGT) parameters. Moreover, their relation with the later development of overt diabetes was studied. Three principal components (PC) were identified, which explained 71.5% of the variation of the original 17 variables. @entity11620 (explained 47.1%) was closely related to postprandial OGTT levels and FSIGT-derived @entity2690 sensitivity (r = 0.68), indicating that it mirrors @entity2690 sensitivity in the skeletal muscle. @entity13435 (explained 17.3%) and @entity11620 (explained 7.1%) were shown to be associated with b-cell failure and fasting (i.e., hepatic) @entity2690 resistance, respectively. All three components were related with diabetes progression (occurred in n = 25 females after GDM) and showed significant changes in long-term trajectories. A high amount of the postpartum OGTT data is explained by principal components, representing pathophysiological mechanisms on the pathway of impaired @entity1735 metabolism. Our results improve our understanding of the underlying biological processes to provide an accurate postgestational risk stratification.

title: To explain the variation of OGTT dynamics by biological mechanisms: a novel approach based on principal components analysis in XXXX with history of GDM.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Families of 338 male and 81 female @entity12767 ( @entity12767 ), including 280 wives, 144 daughters, and 81 sons, were examined for diseases resulting from @entity1355 . The workers were initially exposed to @entity1355 at least 20 years prior to the study date. Radiographic signs of @entity1355 (using standard criteria international Labor Office 1980) were found in 64% of 288 male @entity12767 and 21% of 71 female @entity12767 . After excluding those with any occupational exposure to @entity1355 , @entity1355 prevalence was 11% in wives, 8% in sons, and 2% in daughters. @entity66 prevalence in workers and in wives increased with the number of years from initial exposure. Male @entity12767 who had smoked had @entity1224 without @entity393 . Nonsmokers had normal pulmonary functions. In @entity12767 households prevalences of @entity1576 , wheezing on physical examination, and symptoms of @entity565 and chronic @entity3617 , exceeded those in the comparison (Michigan) population, even for the younger daughters and sons. These differences, and @entity1224 and distribution defects reported earlier were not explained by cigarette smoking or by @entity1355 exposure. Instead, they are tentatively ascribed to long-term exposure to ambient air pollution in Los Angeles.

title: @entity66 and pulmonary symptoms and signs in XXXX and their families in Los Angeles.

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Asbestos disease']

entities_list: @entity12767 :: ('MESH:D000382', 'Disease') :: ['shipyard workers', 'SYW']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['volume loss']

entities_list: @entity1355 :: ('MESH:D001195', 'Disease') :: ['asbestos', 'asbestosis']

answer: @entity12767 :: (MESH:D000382,Disease) :: ['shipyard workers']


abstract: Families of 338 male and 81 female @entity12767 ( @entity12767 ), including 280 wives, 144 daughters, and 81 sons, were examined for diseases resulting from @entity1355 . The workers were initially exposed to @entity1355 at least 20 years prior to the study date. Radiographic signs of @entity1355 (using standard criteria international Labor Office 1980) were found in 64% of 288 male @entity12767 and 21% of 71 female @entity12767 . After excluding those with any occupational exposure to @entity1355 , @entity1355 prevalence was 11% in wives, 8% in sons, and 2% in daughters. @entity66 prevalence in workers and in wives increased with the number of years from initial exposure. Male @entity12767 who had smoked had @entity1224 without @entity393 . Nonsmokers had normal pulmonary functions. In @entity12767 households prevalences of @entity1576 , wheezing on physical examination, and symptoms of @entity565 and chronic @entity3617 , exceeded those in the comparison (Michigan) population, even for the younger daughters and sons. These differences, and @entity1224 and distribution defects reported earlier were not explained by cigarette smoking or by @entity1355 exposure. Instead, they are tentatively ascribed to long-term exposure to ambient air pollution in Los Angeles.

title: XXXX and pulmonary symptoms and signs in @entity12767 and their families in Los Angeles.

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['Asbestos diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objectives of this study were to evaluate racial misclassification in a statewide @entity130 registry and to describe the epidemiology of @entity130 among the Washington American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/ @entity1278 ) population. METHODS: We performed probabilistic record linkage between the Washington @entity130 Registry (2005-2009) and Northwest Tribal Registry, a dataset of known AI/ @entity1278 . AI/ @entity1278 @entity1 were compared with caucasians on @entity130 and clinical outcome factors. A multivariable model estimated odds of mortality. RESULTS: Record linkage increased ascertainment of AI/ @entity1278 cases in the @entity130 registry 71%, from 1777 to 3039 cases. Compared with caucasians, AI/ @entity1278 @entity130 @entity1 were younger (mean age=36 vs 47   years, p<0.001) and more commonly male (66.5% vs 61.2%, p<0.001). AI/ @entity1278 experienced more intentional injuries (suicide or homicide: 20.1% vs 6.7%, p<0.001), a higher proportion of severe @entity131 (20.7% vs 16.8%, p=0.004) and were less likely than caucasians to use safety equipment such as seat belts/airbags (53.9% vs 76.7%, p<0.001). ISSs were similar (ISS >15: 21.4% vs 20.5%, p=0.63), and no difference was observed in mortality after adjustment for covariates (p=0.58). CONCLUSIONS: Linkage to a state @entity130 registry improved data quality by correcting racial misclassification, allowing for a comprehensive description of injury patterns for the AI/ @entity1278 population. AI/ @entity1278 sustained more severe injuries with similar postinjury outcomes to caucasians. Future efforts should focus on primary prevention for this population, including increased use of seat belts and @entity1 safety seats and reduction of interpersonal violence and suicide.

title: Uncovering a missing demographic in XXXX registries: epidemiology of @entity130 among American Indians and Alaska Natives in Washington State.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['demographic, injury', 'Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objectives of this study were to evaluate racial misclassification in a statewide @entity130 registry and to describe the epidemiology of @entity130 among the Washington American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/ @entity1278 ) population. METHODS: We performed probabilistic record linkage between the Washington @entity130 Registry (2005-2009) and Northwest Tribal Registry, a dataset of known AI/ @entity1278 . AI/ @entity1278 @entity1 were compared with caucasians on @entity130 and clinical outcome factors. A multivariable model estimated odds of mortality. RESULTS: Record linkage increased ascertainment of AI/ @entity1278 cases in the @entity130 registry 71%, from 1777 to 3039 cases. Compared with caucasians, AI/ @entity1278 @entity130 @entity1 were younger (mean age=36 vs 47   years, p<0.001) and more commonly male (66.5% vs 61.2%, p<0.001). AI/ @entity1278 experienced more intentional injuries (suicide or homicide: 20.1% vs 6.7%, p<0.001), a higher proportion of severe @entity131 (20.7% vs 16.8%, p=0.004) and were less likely than caucasians to use safety equipment such as seat belts/airbags (53.9% vs 76.7%, p<0.001). ISSs were similar (ISS >15: 21.4% vs 20.5%, p=0.63), and no difference was observed in mortality after adjustment for covariates (p=0.58). CONCLUSIONS: Linkage to a state @entity130 registry improved data quality by correcting racial misclassification, allowing for a comprehensive description of injury patterns for the AI/ @entity1278 population. AI/ @entity1278 sustained more severe injuries with similar postinjury outcomes to caucasians. Future efforts should focus on primary prevention for this population, including increased use of seat belts and @entity1 safety seats and reduction of interpersonal violence and suicide.

title: Uncovering a missing demographic in @entity130 registries: epidemiology of XXXX among American Indians and Alaska Natives in Washington State.

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Essential @entity400 (ET) and @entity191 ( @entity191 ) are common @entity16 in elderly @entity1 , and some features of ET and @entity191 may overlap. Quantitative analysis of @entity1010 may be useful in differentiating @entity179 . The aim of this study was to identify the volumetric differences of subcortical structures in @entity1 with ET and @entity191 @entity400 using an automated segmentation method. METHODS: Volumetric MRIs were obtained in 45 @entity1 with ET, 45 @entity1 with @entity191 @entity400 , and 45 age- and sex-matched control subjects. The volume of the different brain structures was measured by the automated segmentation method (FreeSurfer). RESULTS: Volumetric data obtained with automated segmentation of cerebral regions showed a significant @entity194 of the cerebellum in @entity1 with ET. @entity76 of ET @entity1 was more significant in the white matter than in the grey matter, and it was noted only in @entity1 with ET having a head @entity400 . No volumetric differences were found between the @entity191 group and the control group. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that volumetric differences in subcortical structures using whole brain segmentation method may help to differentiate ET from @entity191 @entity400 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Comparison of the Brain Volume in Essential @entity400 and @entity191 XXXX Using an Automated Segmentation Method.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorders']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebellar atrophy']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['Tremor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Essential @entity400 (ET) and @entity191 ( @entity191 ) are common @entity16 in elderly @entity1 , and some features of ET and @entity191 may overlap. Quantitative analysis of @entity1010 may be useful in differentiating @entity179 . The aim of this study was to identify the volumetric differences of subcortical structures in @entity1 with ET and @entity191 @entity400 using an automated segmentation method. METHODS: Volumetric MRIs were obtained in 45 @entity1 with ET, 45 @entity1 with @entity191 @entity400 , and 45 age- and sex-matched control subjects. The volume of the different brain structures was measured by the automated segmentation method (FreeSurfer). RESULTS: Volumetric data obtained with automated segmentation of cerebral regions showed a significant @entity194 of the cerebellum in @entity1 with ET. @entity76 of ET @entity1 was more significant in the white matter than in the grey matter, and it was noted only in @entity1 with ET having a head @entity400 . No volumetric differences were found between the @entity191 group and the control group. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that volumetric differences in subcortical structures using whole brain segmentation method may help to differentiate ET from @entity191 @entity400 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Comparison of the Brain Volume in Essential XXXX and @entity191 @entity400 Using an Automated Segmentation Method.

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['Tremor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Essential @entity400 (ET) and @entity191 ( @entity191 ) are common @entity16 in elderly @entity1 , and some features of ET and @entity191 may overlap. Quantitative analysis of @entity1010 may be useful in differentiating @entity179 . The aim of this study was to identify the volumetric differences of subcortical structures in @entity1 with ET and @entity191 @entity400 using an automated segmentation method. METHODS: Volumetric MRIs were obtained in 45 @entity1 with ET, 45 @entity1 with @entity191 @entity400 , and 45 age- and sex-matched control subjects. The volume of the different brain structures was measured by the automated segmentation method (FreeSurfer). RESULTS: Volumetric data obtained with automated segmentation of cerebral regions showed a significant @entity194 of the cerebellum in @entity1 with ET. @entity76 of ET @entity1 was more significant in the white matter than in the grey matter, and it was noted only in @entity1 with ET having a head @entity400 . No volumetric differences were found between the @entity191 group and the control group. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that volumetric differences in subcortical structures using whole brain segmentation method may help to differentiate ET from @entity191 @entity400 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Comparison of the Brain Volume in Essential @entity400 and XXXX @entity400 Using an Automated Segmentation Method.

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1103 ( @entity1103 ) in @entity6391 ( @entity6391 ) has been managed in several ways as documented in the literature, with little success, though. The aim of our study was to report for the first time in literature the use of aflibercept in a @entity1 with @entity6391 and @entity1103 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old @entity1 presented for @entity227 in his right eye. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 3/10 in his right eye and 7/10 in his left eye. Physical examination and appropriate laboratory tests lead to the diagnosis of bilateral @entity6391 with @entity1103 . Retinal thickness in the foveal area of the right eye was 631   m. The @entity1 was treated with a single intravitreal injection of 0.05  ml/0.5  mg aflibercept. One month later, BCVA of the right eye increased to 4/10, while BCVA of the left eye was unchanged. @entity138 in the right eye decreased to 129   m. Multifocal electroretinogram response did not improve, yet peaks were better-shaped and no areas of eccentral vision were present. Three and six months after injection, these improvements were maintained. CONCLUSION: This first-reported case indicates that intravitreal aflibercept injection for addressing @entity1103 in @entity6391 seems to be an effective treatment.

title: Intravitreal aflibercept (Eylea) injection for cystoid macular edema secondary to XXXX - a first case report and short review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['blurred vision']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['CME in the right eye', 'Cystoid macular edema', 'CME']

entities_list: @entity6391 :: ('MESH:D012174', 'Disease') :: ['retinitis pigmentosa', 'RP']

answer: @entity6391 :: (MESH:D012174,Disease) :: ['retinitis pigmentosa']


abstract: Recent technological progress in the multiband echo planer imaging (MB EPI) technique enables accelerated MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and allows whole brain, multi-b-value diffusion imaging to be acquired within a clinically feasible time. However, its applications at 7  T have been limited due to B1 field inhomogeneity and increased susceptibility artifact. It is an ongoing debate whether DWI at 7  T can be performed properly in @entity1 , and a systematic SNR comparison for multiband spin-echo EPI between 3  T and 7  T has not been methodically studied. The goal of this study was to use MB EPI at 7  T in order to obtain 90-directional multi-shell DWI within a clinically feasible acquisition time for @entity1 with @entity11 . This study included an SNR comparison between 3  T and 7  T, and the application of B1 mapping and distortion correction procedures for reducing the impact of variations in B0 and B1. The optimized multiband sequence was applied in 20 @entity1 with @entity11 to generate both DTI and NODDI maps for comparison of values in @entity5 and normal appearing white matter (NAWM). Our SNR analysis showed that MB EPI at 7  T was comparable to that at 3  T, and the data quality acquired in @entity1 was clinically acceptable. NODDI maps provided unique contrast within the T2 lesion that was not seen in anatomical images or DTI maps. Such contrast may reflect the complexity of tissue compositions associated with disease progression and treatment effects. The ability to consistently obtain high quality diffusion data at 7  T will contribute towards the implementation of a comprehensive brain MRI examination at ultra-high field.

title: Clinically feasible NODDI characterization of XXXX using multiband EPI at 7  T.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare subjective ultrasound assessment and the ADNEX model with ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy to differentiate disseminated primary @entity43 from metastatic @entity43 . METHODS: This was a prospective study including 143 consecutive @entity1 with @entity5 of unknown primary origin, with a @entity530 /carcinosis. @entity1 underwent either transvaginal or transrectal ultrasound as well as transabdominal ultrasound examination followed by tru-cut biopsy. The ultrasound examiner assessed @entity5 morphology, spread in the pelvis and abdomen, and predicted @entity5 origin as primary ovarian or metastatic using both subjective assessment and the ADNEX model. Histology from tru-cut biopsy served as the gold standard for assessment of diagnostic accuracy. Biopsy adequacy and the complication rate were assessed. RESULTS: Tru-cut biopsy was performed transvaginally in 131/143 (92%) @entity1 . Two @entity1 needed inpatient care (one had @entity1410 , and one @entity281 ). Biopsy resulted in a conclusive diagnosis in 126/143 (88%) @entity1 , amongst whom cytoreductive surgery was performed in 30/126 confirming the diagnosis in all cases. @entity43 was found in 37/126 (29%) @entity1 and primary @entity43 in 89/126 (71%) @entity1 . Subjective ultrasound evaluation had a sensitivity of 82% (73/89) and a specificity of 70% (26/37) in predicting primary @entity43 . The ADNEX model had an area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve of 0.891 (95% CI, 0.794-0.946) (in @entity1 with an @entity2670 , n   =   104). Tumor origin was associated with age, @entity10224 , previous @entity5 , presence of omental cake and @entity5 mobility. CONCLUSIONS: Subjective ultrasound assessment and the ADNEX model can both be used to predict whether a @entity530 is metastatic and of non-ovarian origin, indicating the need for tru-cut biopsy, which is associated with very few complications and will provide a conclusive diagnosis in nine out of 10 @entity1 . Copyright    2015 ISUOG.

title: Subjective ultrasound assessment, the ADNEX model and ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy to differentiate disseminated primary XXXX from metastatic @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['non-ovarian cancer', 'ovarian cancer', 'Non-ovarian metastatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia', 'disseminated malignancy', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic tumor']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal wall hematoma']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian lesion']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare subjective ultrasound assessment and the ADNEX model with ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy to differentiate disseminated primary @entity43 from metastatic @entity43 . METHODS: This was a prospective study including 143 consecutive @entity1 with @entity5 of unknown primary origin, with a @entity530 /carcinosis. @entity1 underwent either transvaginal or transrectal ultrasound as well as transabdominal ultrasound examination followed by tru-cut biopsy. The ultrasound examiner assessed @entity5 morphology, spread in the pelvis and abdomen, and predicted @entity5 origin as primary ovarian or metastatic using both subjective assessment and the ADNEX model. Histology from tru-cut biopsy served as the gold standard for assessment of diagnostic accuracy. Biopsy adequacy and the complication rate were assessed. RESULTS: Tru-cut biopsy was performed transvaginally in 131/143 (92%) @entity1 . Two @entity1 needed inpatient care (one had @entity1410 , and one @entity281 ). Biopsy resulted in a conclusive diagnosis in 126/143 (88%) @entity1 , amongst whom cytoreductive surgery was performed in 30/126 confirming the diagnosis in all cases. @entity43 was found in 37/126 (29%) @entity1 and primary @entity43 in 89/126 (71%) @entity1 . Subjective ultrasound evaluation had a sensitivity of 82% (73/89) and a specificity of 70% (26/37) in predicting primary @entity43 . The ADNEX model had an area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve of 0.891 (95% CI, 0.794-0.946) (in @entity1 with an @entity2670 , n   =   104). Tumor origin was associated with age, @entity10224 , previous @entity5 , presence of omental cake and @entity5 mobility. CONCLUSIONS: Subjective ultrasound assessment and the ADNEX model can both be used to predict whether a @entity530 is metastatic and of non-ovarian origin, indicating the need for tru-cut biopsy, which is associated with very few complications and will provide a conclusive diagnosis in nine out of 10 @entity1 . Copyright    2015 ISUOG.

title: Subjective ultrasound assessment, the ADNEX model and ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy to differentiate disseminated primary @entity43 from metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['non-ovarian cancer']


abstract: @entity497 ( @entity497 ) in preschool @entity1 are common and can have long-term adverse consequences if not detected and treated early. This study investigated the knowledge, training and practice of primary health-care practitioners in the identification and management of @entity497 in preschool-aged @entity1 . A cross-sectional survey of 277 primary health-care practitioners in the Inner West and South West Sydney was undertaken. The majority of practitioners surveyed understood the importance of early identification of @entity497 . Eight per cent ofpractitioners correctly identified all of the 'red flags' for verbal and non-verbal communication. The majority (80%) correctly described the management of a typical case presentation. Two-thirds of practitioners reported using a tool in their practice for developmental surveillance, but the quality of surveillance tools was variable. One-third felt their training in this area was poor and 90% indicated they would like further training. Barriers to referral included waiting times, availability and cost of services. We concluded that primary health-care practitioners are aware that @entity497 are significant and they need to be identified early. There are opportunities for further training and promoting high-quality developmental surveillance in primary care. In addition, there are broader health system issues that include promotion of an integrated response to the detection and management of @entity497 .

title: How do primary health-care practitioners identify and manage communication impairments in preschool XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CIs', 'Communication impairments']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is a theoretical risk of adverse events following immunization with a preservative-free, 2-dose vial formulation of 10-valent-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10). We set out to measure this risk. Four population-based surveillance sites in Kenya (total annual birth cohort of 11,500 @entity1 ) were used to conduct a 2-year post-introduction vaccine safety study of PCV10. Injection-site abscesses occurring within 7 days following vaccine administration were clinically diagnosed in all study sites (passive facility-based surveillance) and, also, detected by caregiver-reported symptoms of swelling plus discharge in two sites (active household-based surveillance). Abscess risk was expressed as the number of abscesses per 100,000 injections and was compared for the second vs first vial dose of PCV10 and for PCV10 vs pentavalent vaccine (comparator). A total of 58,288 PCV10 injections were recorded, including 24,054 and 19,702 identified as first and second vial doses, respectively (14,532 unknown vial dose). The risk ratio for @entity733 following injection with the second (41 per 100,000) vs first (33 per 100,000) vial dose of PCV10 was 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37-4.06). The comparator vaccine was changed from a 2-dose to 10-dose presentation midway through the study. The matched odds ratios for @entity733 following PCV10 were 1.00 (95% CI 0.12-8.56) and 0.27 (95% CI 0.14-0.54) when compared to the 2-dose and 10-dose pentavalent vaccine presentations, respectively. In Kenya immunization with PCV10 was not associated with an increased risk of injection site @entity733 , providing confidence that the vaccine may be safely used in Africa. The relatively higher risk of @entity733 following the 10-dose presentation of pentavalent vaccine merits further study.

title: Risk of Injection-Site Abscess among XXXX Receiving a Preservative-Free, Two-Dose Vial Formulation of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Kenya.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infants']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An outbreak of @entity14346 was observed in the cultures of bronchial aspirations. After systematic culturing of the scopes and reprocessing the equipment, it turned out to be a pseudo-outbreak caused by a failure of the disinfector to sterilize ultrasound scopes, subsequently resulting in @entity580 of the bronchoscopes via the connecting tubes in the dryer. OBJECTIVES: To support the above-mentioned findings and to show how different variables influence the decontamination process. METHODS: The ultrasound scopes were deliberately contaminated with test soil and subsequently disinfected with @entity3879 ( @entity3880 ), @entity3584 (GA) and hot water. Cultures were taken immediately after disinfection and after 4 days in the drying cabinet. RESULTS: After disinfection with @entity3880 , persistent contamination was observed in the endobronchial ultrasound scope, and after disinfection with @entity3880 and prolonged storage in the drying cabinet, contamination of the endoscopic ultrasound scope persisted. All ultrasound scopes were effectively disinfected with GA. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that disinfection with @entity3880 fails to decontaminate the small channels of the ultrasound scopes. Prolonged storage in humid conditions seems to enhance the outgrowth of microorganisms. By reassignment of all endoscopes to fixed locations in the drying cabinet, by using disposable connector tubes for the balloon channels, and by using GA instead of @entity3880 , the reprocessing procedure in our hospital was corrected effectively.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: The Identification of XXXX Contamination in Ultrasound Endoscopes and Reproduction of Decontamination Failure by Deliberate Soiling Tests.

entities_list: @entity14346 :: ('40324', 'Species') :: ['Stenotrophomonas maltophilia']

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

entities_list: @entity3879 :: ('MESH:D010463', 'Chemical') :: ['peracetic acid']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['cross infection']

answer: @entity14346 :: (40324,Species) :: ['Stenotrophomonas maltophilia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is rare in young @entity1 and neonates. Continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion (CSII) is used most frequently for @entity2690 treatment in this age group. However, the individual doctor's experience is scarce because of the low prevalence of @entity6 in this age. For this study @entity1 treated with CSII with an age below 1 year were selected from the German/Austrian @entity6 ( @entity6 ) database, and basal rate and bolus calculation were described. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For all @entity1 less than 1 year of age, basal rate and mealtime boluses were compared among @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and infants with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). RESULTS: Fifty-eight @entity1 with @entity6 , 67 neonates with @entity6 , and 43 @entity1 with early @entity6 development after 6 months and negative b-cell antibodies ( @entity6 ) could be analyzed. @entity6 @entity1 at onset required a median total @entity2690 amount of 0.83   IU/kg of body weight, whereas @entity6 @entity1 required 0.74   IU/kg of body weight (P   =   0.63). Basal @entity2690 requirement however, was different between the two groups (0.56   IU/kg of body weight in @entity6 vs. 0.43   IU/kg in @entity6 ) (P   =   0.036). The percentage basal profile of @entity6 and @entity6 @entity1 was quite similar to @entity1 at the age of 1-5 years. The proportion of prandial @entity2690 at onset was significantly different (32% in @entity6 vs. 53% in @entity6 ) (P   <   0.00001). @entity6 @entity1 showed almost similar data to @entity6 @entity1 . The pattern of mealtime bolus @entity2690 was not different among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: The presented data can be used as an initial guide value to start CSII treatment in neonates and @entity1 . To be on the safe side we recommend the lower quartile for the dosage as the starting value in nonketotic @entity1 .

title: Continuous Subcutaneous XXXX Infusion in Neonates and @entity1 Below 1 Year: Analysis of Initial Bolus and Basal Rate Based on the Experiences from the German Working Group for Pediatric Pump Treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 1 diabetes mellitus', 'antibody status unknown diabetes mellitus', 'DPV', 'NDM', 'Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation', 'T1DM', 'diabetes', 'neonatal diabetes mellitus', 'Diabetes mellitus', 'AUDM']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['Insulin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is rare in young @entity1 and neonates. Continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion (CSII) is used most frequently for @entity2690 treatment in this age group. However, the individual doctor's experience is scarce because of the low prevalence of @entity6 in this age. For this study @entity1 treated with CSII with an age below 1 year were selected from the German/Austrian @entity6 ( @entity6 ) database, and basal rate and bolus calculation were described. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For all @entity1 less than 1 year of age, basal rate and mealtime boluses were compared among @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and infants with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). RESULTS: Fifty-eight @entity1 with @entity6 , 67 neonates with @entity6 , and 43 @entity1 with early @entity6 development after 6 months and negative b-cell antibodies ( @entity6 ) could be analyzed. @entity6 @entity1 at onset required a median total @entity2690 amount of 0.83   IU/kg of body weight, whereas @entity6 @entity1 required 0.74   IU/kg of body weight (P   =   0.63). Basal @entity2690 requirement however, was different between the two groups (0.56   IU/kg of body weight in @entity6 vs. 0.43   IU/kg in @entity6 ) (P   =   0.036). The percentage basal profile of @entity6 and @entity6 @entity1 was quite similar to @entity1 at the age of 1-5 years. The proportion of prandial @entity2690 at onset was significantly different (32% in @entity6 vs. 53% in @entity6 ) (P   <   0.00001). @entity6 @entity1 showed almost similar data to @entity6 @entity1 . The pattern of mealtime bolus @entity2690 was not different among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: The presented data can be used as an initial guide value to start CSII treatment in neonates and @entity1 . To be on the safe side we recommend the lower quartile for the dosage as the starting value in nonketotic @entity1 .

title: Continuous Subcutaneous @entity2690 Infusion in Neonates and XXXX Below 1 Year: Analysis of Initial Bolus and Basal Rate Based on the Experiences from the German Working Group for Pediatric Pump Treatment.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infants']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cellulose producing bacteria were isolated from fruit samples and kombucha tea (a fermented beverage) using @entity12239 solution in modified Watanabe and Yamanaka medium to inhibit @entity375 and molds. Six bacterial strains showing cellulose production were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as @entity20196 DFBT, Ga. xylinus strain dfr-1, @entity15549 dfr-2, @entity15549 dfr-3, Acetobacter orientalis strain dfr-4, and @entity20196 intermedius strain dfr-5. All the cellulose-producing bacteria were checked for the cellulose yield. A potent cellulose-producing bacterium, i.e., Ga. xylinus strain DFBT based on yield (cellulose yield 5.6  g/L) was selected for further studies. Cellulose was also produced in non- conventional media such as pineapple juice medium and hydrolysed @entity4336 starch medium. A very high yield of 9.1  g/L cellulose was obtained in pineapple juice medium. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) analysis of the bacterial cellulose showed the characteristic peaks. Soft cellulose with a very high water holding capacity was produced using limited aeration. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the surface characteristics of normal bacterial cellulose and soft cellulose. The structural analysis of the polymer was performed using @entity7352 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). More interfibrillar space was observed in the case of soft cellulose as compared to normal cellulose. This soft cellulose can find potential applications in the food industry as it can be swallowed easily without chewing.

title: Occurrence of Cellulose-Producing XXXX spp. in Fruit Samples and Kombucha Tea, and Production of the Biopolymer.

entities_list: @entity20196 :: ('28448', 'Species') :: ['Gluconacetobacter', 'Gluconacetobacter xylinus strain']

entities_list: @entity15549 :: ('442', 'Species') :: ['Gluconobacter oxydans strain', 'G. oxydans strain']

answer: @entity20196 :: (28448,Species) :: ['Gluconacetobacter']