abstract: @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ) is an @entity14827 characterized by progressive @entity2358 , @entity146 , and @entity73 . The use of @entity1773 ( @entity18885 ), a specific inhibitor of vesicular @entity1154 transporter, is approved for @entity4790 in @entity2033 @entity1 . We aimed to review the medical literature concerning the efficacy and tolerability of @entity18885 in the treatment of @entity2033 @entity1 and to report our personal experience about @entity18885 use in a cohort of @entity2033 @entity1 . We searched PubMed (1960 to July 2010) using the following keywords: " @entity1773 " + " @entity2033 + @entity4790 ". We included randomized controlled trials, open-label trials, and retrospective studies. We excluded case reports and studies conducted on fewer than 20 @entity1 . In addition, we retrospectively evaluated 2 years' follow-up of @entity18885 treatment on motor and cognitive performances and functional abilities in 28 @entity2033 @entity1 , compared with 10 @entity1 treated by other neuroleptics ( @entity51090 ). Only four papers fulfilled the requested criteria. In the first study, which included 84 randomized outpatients, @entity18885 showed a significant improvement of @entity4790 compared with placebo. In the open-label study extension, @entity18885 confirmed its efficacy on @entity4790 , with a frequent occurrence of withdrawals due to side effects. In a retrospective study of long-term efficacy, 63 @entity1 under @entity18885 therapy for an average period of 34 months showed a stable effect on @entity4790 , despite a slight reduction of effect over time. In a telephone survey conducted on a total of 118 @entity1 affected by different @entity717 , @entity18885 showed the most favorable effect for the 28 included @entity2033 @entity1 . Our @entity2033 @entity1 showed a slight deterioration of motor performances over time that was nonsignificant compared with @entity18885 or @entity51090 treatments. Despite the fact that the global effect of @entity18885 seems positive in @entity2033 , more attention on evaluating symptomatic treatments for @entity73 as well as @entity1957 would alleviate this @entity74 until a neuroprotective treatment becomes available.

title: Management of @entity2033 : role of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1773 :: (MESH:D013747,Chemical) :: ['tetrabenazine']


abstract: Th17 cells have emerged as a key factor in the pathogenesis of @entity1596 as well as other @entity792 . They secrete a number of cytokines including @entity4155 , @entity4654 and @entity13236 and until now the effects of these cytokines on resident cells of the eye were not yet clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Interleukin (IL)-17A, @entity4654 and @entity13236 on the production of inflammatory mediators and barrier function of @entity989 cells. We showed that @entity1 cells, a spontaneously arisen cell line of @entity989 ( @entity989 ), constitutively expressed @entity13771 and @entity13235 , but not @entity29716 . @entity4155 significantly enhanced the production of @entity687 , @entity2842 , @entity16365 and @entity650 by these cells. @entity4654 had a similar effect on the production of @entity687 , @entity2842 and @entity650 by @entity1 cells, but did not influence the expression of @entity16365 . Both @entity4155 and @entity4654 significantly decreased the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) of the ARPE-19 monolayer and increased the diffusion rate of @entity2822 ( @entity2823 )-dextran. They also disrupted the distribution of the junction proteins @entity11178 and @entity11177 at the interface of adjacent cells. @entity13236 did not have a detectable effect on the production of the tested inflammatory mediators by @entity1 cells, TER of the ARPE-19 monolayer, the diffusion rate of @entity2823 -dextran or the distribution of @entity63719 . This study demonstrates that @entity4155 and @entity4654 , but not @entity13236 , significantly promoted @entity1 cells to secrete inflammatory mediators and compromised the ARPE-19 monolayer barrier function in association with a disrupted distribution of @entity63719 . These results suggest that both @entity4155 and @entity4654 may play a role in @entity32 of the eye.

title: The effects of Th17 cytokines on the inflammatory mediator production and barrier function of XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['posterior segment inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2822 :: ('CHEBI:37926', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein isothiocyanate']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal pigment epithelium', 'RPE']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['ARPE-19']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In order to fight digestive parasitism in Tunisia, a national program of surveillance of non-permanent resident students in Tunisia has been found to detect these @entity8143 in this target population. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of @entity1944 among non-permanent resident students in Tunisia, to identify the different parasitic species founded and to show the interest of this screening. METHODS: During a period of 23 years (1990-2012), 7386 parasitological examinations of stools has been made among students essentially from or had visited tropical Africa, Maghreb and Middle-East, at the laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology at the Rabta Hospital of Tunis. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity11333 found was 34.45% (i.e. 2545 infested students). Among the protozoa that have been isolated in the majority of cases (78.75%), amoebae were most frequently found (86.4%) represented mainly by Entamoeba coli and Endolimax nanus in respectively, 25.62 and 23.33% of parasites isolated; while @entity2330 /dispar, only pathogenic Amoeba was found in 8.05% of the total of parasites isolated. Regarding helminths, found in 21.25% of parasites isolated, Ankylostome was predominant (34.5%) represented by the species of @entity17447 . A single case of Ancylostom duodenale has been isolated. Among the identified parasite species, 38.7% were known parasitic pathogens for @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: These results note the interest of the control of the non-permanent resident students in Tunisia. The precocious tracking and treatment of affected subjects permits to avoid the introduction and the dissemination of parasites already rare and virulent strains in our country.

title: Intestinal XXXX among non-permanent resident students in tunisia: a review of 23 years of monitoring in the department of Parasitology-mycology at the rabta hospital of tunis.

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal parasitosis']

entities_list: @entity11333 :: ('MESH:D007411', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal parasitism']

entities_list: @entity2330 :: ('5759', 'Species') :: ['Entamoeba histolytica']

entities_list: @entity17447 :: ('51031', 'Species') :: ['Necator americanus']

entities_list: @entity8143 :: ('MESH:D063726', 'Disease') :: ['parasitosis']

answer: @entity8143 :: (MESH:D063726,Disease) :: ['parasitosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of dynamic neutralization system (K-Rod) in treating @entity179 . METHODS: From October 2011 to October 2013, 20 @entity1 with @entity179 were treated with dynamic neutralization system (K-Rod). There were 8 males and 12 females with an average age of 45.4 years old (ranged from 31 to 65) and an average course of 3.8 years (ranged from 9 months to 6.25 years). All @entity1 had the history of @entity1643 . Among them, 10 cases were far @entity890 , 7 cases were @entity2649 , 3 cases were lumbar spondylolisthesis (degree I in 2 cases and degree II in 1 case). Every @entity1 had only one responsible segment which causing the symptom would have to be rigidly fixed during operations, and the adjacent intervertebral disc of the responsible segments at least 1 segment has already obvious degenerated. All @entity1 underwent the operation to relieve compressed nerves and reconstruct spinal stability with K-Rod system (the responsible segments were fixed with interbody fusion, and the adjacent segments were fixed with dynamic stabilization). Visual analogue scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores (JOA) and @entity717 Index (ODI) were used to evaluate the clinical effects. Imaging data were used to analyze the range of motion (ROM), intervertebral disc height and intervertebral disc signal (according to modified Pfirrmann grading system) in degenerative adjacent segment. RESULTS: All @entity1 were followed up for more than 1 year, and preoperative symptoms obviously relieved. There were significant differences in VAS, JOA, ODI between preoperative and postoperative (postoperative at 1 week and 1 year) (P<0.05). Radiological examination showed that all responsible segments had already fused, and no looseness, displacement and breakage of internal fixations were found. Postoperative at 1 year, the ROM of adjacent segments were decreased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in intervertebral disc height between preoperative and postoperative at 1 year (P>0.05). According to modified Pfirrmann grading system to classification for the 25 disks of adjacent segment, 8 disks (32%) got improvement, 15 disks (60%) got no change and 2 disks (8%) got aggravation at 1 year after operation. CONCLUSION: Dynamic neutralization system (K-Rod) combined with interbody fusion could obtain short-term clinical effects in the treatment of @entity179 .

title: [Clinical application of dynamic neutralization system (K-Rod) in treating XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back and legs pain']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['multisegmental lumbar degenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['lateral lumbar disc herniation']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['multisegmental lumbar degenerative disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The long-term significance of @entity7027 ( @entity7027 ) has not been thoroughly studied. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate, at age 5 years, the health status of consecutive @entity1 diagnosed with @entity7027 in infancy. METHODS: Based on the diagnostic workup, @entity1 were classified into two groups: a 'broad' evaluation group (at least one test/procedure related to each of the five main causes: infectious, metabolic, cardiopulmonary, gastroenterological, neurological), and a 'narrow' workup group whose evaluation did not cover all five domains. Health status around age 5 was obtained from hospital records, community clinics and parents/caregivers. RESULTS: We identified 132 @entity1 with @entity7027 . @entity1224 (49.2%) was the most common description, followed by @entity386 (13.6%), suspected @entity410 (12.9%), @entity848 (12.1%), breath-holding spell (8.3%), and pallor (3.8%). A broad diagnostic workup was performed in 62.1% of the @entity1 , and a narrow workup in 37.9%. At age 5 years, 56.8% of the @entity1 were healthy; 27.3% reported chronic conditions unrelated to @entity7027 . Twenty-one @entity1 (15.9%) had unrelated @entity245 , mostly @entity71 . One of the 132 @entity7027 @entity1 relapsed and was eventually diagnosed with @entity302 . CONCLUSIONS: A single episode of @entity7027 in infancy was neither predictive of nor associated with chronic systemic or @entity16 at age 5 years.

title: Apparent Life-Threatening Events: XXXX ' Health Status at 5 Years of Age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity7027 :: ('MESH:D057768', 'Disease') :: ['apparent life-threatening events', 'ALTE']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention deficit disorder']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological-disease']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental conditions']

entities_list: @entity848 :: ('MESH:D003490', 'Disease') :: ['cyanosis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Endometrial biopsy score is an accepted marker of uterine health and predicted fertility, and it has been suggested that endometrial alternations are correlated with susceptibility to persistent @entity7288 . The objective of this study was to investigate associations of endometrial biopsy score with: 1) presence of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in the epithelium and stratum compactum in histopathology; 2) presence of PMNs in cytology and 3) presence of @entity281 in microbiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material for examination was collected from 69 mares suspected for subclinical @entity7288 (bred three or more times unsuccessfully in the same breeding season) and from 15 maiden mares. Samples were collected by endometrial biopsy and cytobrush technique. RESULTS: Endometrial alterations (biopsy score IIA, IIB, III) were found in 64 of 82 mares (78%). There was an increase in PMN occurrence for grades IIA, IIB and III. When comparing grades and PMNs infiltration, we observed statistically significant differences between grades I and IIA (p = 0.222) and grades I and IIB (p  =  0.042) in samples collected by endometrial biopsy. Statistically significant differences were found in microbiological examination (biopsy p  =  0.036; cytobrush p  = 0.189), cytological examination (biopsy p  =  0.040; cytobrush p  =  0.079) and PMN infiltration (p=0.042) between mares with biopsy scores I and IIB. Furthermore, the highest percentage of infected mares was in grade IIA and IIB, and we found statistically significant differences between grades I and IIA (p  =  0.043), and grades I and IIB (p  =  0.036) in biopsy samples. We observed a tendency to higher prevalence of @entity1478 in mares with biopsy score IIA, IIB and III than with biopsy score I in samples collected using cytobrush technique. However, there were no statistical significant differences. CONCLUSION: Degenerative endometrial changes can predispose to uterine @entity281 and @entity32 . Our study shows that mares with endometrial score I are less predisposed to @entity281 than mares with category IIA, IIB and III. Endometrial biopsy is a reliable diagnostic tool.

title: Relationship between uterine biopsy score, XXXX and @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial infection']

entities_list: @entity7288 :: ('MESH:D004716', 'Disease') :: ['infectious endometritis', 'endometritis']

answer: @entity1478 :: (MESH:D014591,Disease) :: ['endometrial infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Endometrial biopsy score is an accepted marker of uterine health and predicted fertility, and it has been suggested that endometrial alternations are correlated with susceptibility to persistent @entity7288 . The objective of this study was to investigate associations of endometrial biopsy score with: 1) presence of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in the epithelium and stratum compactum in histopathology; 2) presence of PMNs in cytology and 3) presence of @entity281 in microbiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material for examination was collected from 69 mares suspected for subclinical @entity7288 (bred three or more times unsuccessfully in the same breeding season) and from 15 maiden mares. Samples were collected by endometrial biopsy and cytobrush technique. RESULTS: Endometrial alterations (biopsy score IIA, IIB, III) were found in 64 of 82 mares (78%). There was an increase in PMN occurrence for grades IIA, IIB and III. When comparing grades and PMNs infiltration, we observed statistically significant differences between grades I and IIA (p = 0.222) and grades I and IIB (p  =  0.042) in samples collected by endometrial biopsy. Statistically significant differences were found in microbiological examination (biopsy p  =  0.036; cytobrush p  = 0.189), cytological examination (biopsy p  =  0.040; cytobrush p  =  0.079) and PMN infiltration (p=0.042) between mares with biopsy scores I and IIB. Furthermore, the highest percentage of infected mares was in grade IIA and IIB, and we found statistically significant differences between grades I and IIA (p  =  0.043), and grades I and IIB (p  =  0.036) in biopsy samples. We observed a tendency to higher prevalence of @entity1478 in mares with biopsy score IIA, IIB and III than with biopsy score I in samples collected using cytobrush technique. However, there were no statistical significant differences. CONCLUSION: Degenerative endometrial changes can predispose to uterine @entity281 and @entity32 . Our study shows that mares with endometrial score I are less predisposed to @entity281 than mares with category IIA, IIB and III. Endometrial biopsy is a reliable diagnostic tool.

title: Relationship between uterine biopsy score, @entity1478 and XXXX .

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Eosinophils are the key inflammatory cells in @entity565 , and more and more evidence suggests their crucial role in exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Eotaxin, as the most important chemotactic factor for eosinophils, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity565 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in eotaxin levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) following intensive exercise in allergic asthmatics. METHODS: The study was performed in a group of 27 asthmatics (17 with EIB, 13 without EIB) and 9 healthy volunteers. Changes induced by intensive exercise in the concentrations of eotaxin in EBC during the 24 h after an exercise test were assessed. The possible correlations of these measurements with the results of other tests commonly associated with @entity32 were also determined. RESULTS: In @entity748 @entity1 with EIB, a statistically significant increase in eotaxin concentrations in EBC collected during the first 24 h after an exercise test - with maximal increase after 6 h - was revealed. A statistically significant correlation between the maximum increase in eotaxin concentrations in EBC after exercise, and an increase in either serum eosinophil cationic protein or F(ENO) 24 h after exercise in the group of asthmatics with EIB, was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm connections between EIB and airway eosinophilic @entity32 . The increase of eotaxin in @entity748 airways, by promoting the migration and activation of eosinophils, may play an important role in upregulation and sustaining of the airway @entity32 observed in EIB in @entity748 @entity1 .

title: Eotaxin in exhaled breath condensate of allergic asthma XXXX with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic airway inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity286 use is a risk factor for the development and progression of @entity5 . The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between smoking status among @entity1 and their compliance with @entity5 screening guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System was performed using the 2006 survey data. @entity1 with no history of hysterectomy who answered the questions regarding smoking status, age, and last @entity975 smear were included (n = 150,786). Data were weighted for survey design. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of compliance with @entity5 screening guidelines was 83.9%. The rate of compliance was highest among former smokers (86.7%) compared with never smokers (83.7%) and current smokers (81.7%; p < .001). Among @entity1 aged 21 to 65 years, the odds of current smokers having had a @entity975 test in the past 3 years was 0.70 compared with @entity1 who never smoked (95% confidence interval = 0.63-0.77), when controlled for marital status, income, and access to health care. The odds of former smokers complying with screening guidelines were similar to @entity1 who never smoked. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who smoke are at higher risk for developing @entity5 but have a lower rate of screening for the disease. Efforts to increase prevalence of @entity975 test compliance should target current smokers.

title: Correlation between smoking status and XXXX screening: a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Action mechanisms of anesthetics remain unclear because of difficulty in explaining how structurally different anesthetics cause similar effects. In @entity375 , local anesthetics and antipsychotic @entity11922 induced responses similar to those caused by @entity413 starvation, and they eventually inhibited cell growth. These drugs inhibited @entity413 uptake but additional @entity413 conferred resistance to their effects; hence, the primary action of the drugs is to cause @entity413 starvation. In hxt(0) strains with all @entity12015 transporter (HXT) genes deleted, a strain harboring a single copy of @entity20491 ( @entity20491 ) was more sensitive to @entity6513 than a strain harboring multiple copies (HXT1m), which indicates that quantitative reduction of @entity20491 increases @entity6513 sensitivity. However, additional @entity413 rather than the overexpression of @entity72733 conferred @entity6513 resistance to wild-type @entity375 ; therefore, Hxts that actively transport hexoses apparently confer @entity6513 resistance. Additional @entity413 alleviated sensitivity to local anesthetics and @entity11922 in the HXT1m strain but not @entity20491 s strain; thus, the @entity413 -induced effects required a certain amount of @entity20491 . At low concentrations, fluorescent @entity11922 were distributed in various membranes. At higher concentrations, they destroyed the membranes and thereby delocalized @entity20491 -GFP from the plasma membrane, similar to local anesthetics. These results suggest that the aforementioned drugs affect various membrane targets via nonspecific interactions with membranes. However, the drugs preferentially inhibit the function of abundant Hxts, resulting in @entity413 starvation. When Hxts are scarce, this preference is lost, thereby losing the alleviation by additional @entity413 . These results provide a mechanism that explains how different compounds induce similar effects according to lipid theory.

title: Local Anesthetics and Antipsychotic XXXX Interact Nonspecifically with Membranes and Inhibit Hexose Transporters in @entity375 .

entities_list: @entity11922 :: ('MESH:D010640', 'Chemical') :: ['phenothiazines']

entities_list: @entity6513 :: ('MESH:D013748', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracaine']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity11922 :: (MESH:D010640,Chemical) :: ['Phenothiazines']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Action mechanisms of anesthetics remain unclear because of difficulty in explaining how structurally different anesthetics cause similar effects. In @entity375 , local anesthetics and antipsychotic @entity11922 induced responses similar to those caused by @entity413 starvation, and they eventually inhibited cell growth. These drugs inhibited @entity413 uptake but additional @entity413 conferred resistance to their effects; hence, the primary action of the drugs is to cause @entity413 starvation. In hxt(0) strains with all @entity12015 transporter (HXT) genes deleted, a strain harboring a single copy of @entity20491 ( @entity20491 ) was more sensitive to @entity6513 than a strain harboring multiple copies (HXT1m), which indicates that quantitative reduction of @entity20491 increases @entity6513 sensitivity. However, additional @entity413 rather than the overexpression of @entity72733 conferred @entity6513 resistance to wild-type @entity375 ; therefore, Hxts that actively transport hexoses apparently confer @entity6513 resistance. Additional @entity413 alleviated sensitivity to local anesthetics and @entity11922 in the HXT1m strain but not @entity20491 s strain; thus, the @entity413 -induced effects required a certain amount of @entity20491 . At low concentrations, fluorescent @entity11922 were distributed in various membranes. At higher concentrations, they destroyed the membranes and thereby delocalized @entity20491 -GFP from the plasma membrane, similar to local anesthetics. These results suggest that the aforementioned drugs affect various membrane targets via nonspecific interactions with membranes. However, the drugs preferentially inhibit the function of abundant Hxts, resulting in @entity413 starvation. When Hxts are scarce, this preference is lost, thereby losing the alleviation by additional @entity413 . These results provide a mechanism that explains how different compounds induce similar effects according to lipid theory.

title: Local Anesthetics and Antipsychotic @entity11922 Interact Nonspecifically with Membranes and Inhibit Hexose Transporters in XXXX .

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Yeast']


abstract: CONTEXT: Argemone mexicana L. is native to Mexico and the plant extracts are used in traditional medicine in India and South American countries. Argemone oil (AO) is a common adulterant of mustard oil in India and causes serious pathophysiological consequences leading to outbreaks of @entity4 among consumers. In vivo cytogenetic studies on the toxicological effects of AO and its component alkaloids are limited. OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the safety of AO by assessment of their in vivo genotoxic potential in bone marrow cells of @entity19 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: AO mixed in @entity4336 oil in the proportions of 0.01, 0.1, and 1   ml AO/kg body weight in a total volume of 10   ml/kg body weight and a single undiluted dose of AO (10   ml/kg body weight) were administered intraperitoneally in separate groups of male Swiss Albino @entity19 for 24   h. In addition, a single concentration of @entity15391 (SG) (50   mg/kg body weight) was also administered. Genotoxicity was evaluated by chromosome aberration (CA) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) tests. @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) differential technique was used to study the effect on cell replication by the calculation of average generation time (AGT). RESULTS: The minimum effective concentrations that produced significant frequencies of CA and SCE were 0.1 and 0.01   ml/kg, respectively. AO and SG induced an insignificant increase of AGT indicating that they are non-cytotoxic in the concentrations tested. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our results confirm that AO is genotoxic even at low concentrations and its usage should be checked.

title: Argemone oil induces genotoxicity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', 'Bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['epidemic dropsy']

entities_list: @entity15391 :: ('MESH:C005705', 'Chemical') :: ['sanguinarine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and comparative effectiveness of treatments for @entity1 with @entity5550 ( @entity5550 ) and bariatric surgery @entity1 and @entity1 with loss-of-control (LOC) eating. Studies of @entity5550 therapies include pharmacological interventions, psychological and behavioral interventions, or combinations of approaches. We examined whether treatment effectiveness differed in @entity1 subgroups and described @entity221 for @entity5550 and LOC eating. DATA SOURCES: We searched MEDLINE(  ), EMBASE(  ), the Cochrane Library, Academic OneFile, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) through January 19, 2015. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), nonrandomized trials, meta-analyses, and, for @entity221 , cohort and case-control studies. REVIEW METHODS: Pairs of reviewers independently selected, extracted data from, and rated the risk of bias of relevant studies; they graded the strength of evidence using established criteria. We conducted meta-analysis for some treatment outcomes. RESULTS: Of 52 included RCTs of treatment; 48 concerned @entity5550 therapy. Course-of- @entity221 evidence came from 15 observational studies. We examined four major outcomes: binge eating and abstinence, eating-related psychopathology, weight, and general psychological and other outcomes. Second-generation antidepressants (as a class), @entity1771 (an anticonvulsant), and @entity23695 (a stimulant) were superior to placebo in achieving abstinence and reducing binge episodes and/or binge days and eating-related obsessions and @entity3119 . Second-generation antidepressants decreased @entity308 . @entity1771 and @entity23695 produced @entity353 in study populations whose members were virtually all overweight or @entity28 . A few formats of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)   therapist led, partially therapist led, and guided self-help   were superior to placebo in achieving abstinence and reducing binge frequency. CBT for @entity5550 was generally ineffective for reducing weight or @entity308 in this population. Therapist-led CBT was not superior to either partially therapist-led CBT or structured self-help CBT for @entity6426 and weight outcomes. Behavioral weight loss treatment produced greater weight loss than CBT at the end of treatment but not over the longer run. @entity1771 , @entity3755 , and @entity23695 were associated with @entity25 , including @entity22 ; @entity1771 and @entity23695 were associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal and @entity10 . We found no evidence on bariatric surgery @entity1 . Treatments for LOC eating in @entity1 did not achieve superior @entity353 outcomes. Evidence on the course of either @entity221 was limited. Early adolescent @entity5550 and LOC eating predicts such behaviors in the future. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5550 @entity1 may benefit from treatment with second-generation antidepressants, @entity23695 , @entity1771 , and CBT. Additional studies should address other treatments, combinations of treatment, and comparisons between treatments; treatment for postbariatric surgery @entity1 and @entity1 ; and the course of these illnesses.

title: Management and Outcomes of XXXX

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight reduction']

entities_list: @entity6426 :: ('MESH:D002032', 'Disease') :: ['binge-eating']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disturbance']

entities_list: @entity3755 :: ('MESH:D016666', 'Chemical') :: ['fluvoxamine']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity23695 :: ('MESH:C514020', 'Chemical') :: ['lisdexamfetamine']

entities_list: @entity1771 :: ('MESH:C052342', 'Chemical') :: ['topiramate', 'Topiramate']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['compulsions']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['course of illness', 'illness']

entities_list: @entity5550 :: ('MESH:D056912', 'Disease') :: ['BED', 'binge-eating disorder']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']

answer: @entity5550 :: (MESH:D056912,Disease) :: ['Binge-Eating Disorder']


abstract: 1. The subunits alpha and beta of @entity28887 DNA-dependent RNA polymerase have been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. Both have mol.wt. 18000 and they are required in equimolar amounts for optimum activity. 2. The instability of the complete enzyme, alphabeta, in the absence of salt is due to the rapid inactivation of the beta subunit in these conditions. 3. Nearest-neighbour analysis of the product formed on poly[d( @entity1129 )] as template shows that the enzyme copies the latter accurately. 4. The enzyme initiates new chains with purine @entity9953 exclusively. 5. The product obtained in the standard assay conditions contains some high mol.wt. (>16S) material, but consists primarily of short chains, of average length 70-80 @entity377 units. 6. The template specificity of the complete enzyme has been studied at high and low ionic strength. Its extreme dependence on salt concentration is unrelated to the gross overall base composition of the DNA used. 7. T(7) DNA is transcribed asymmetrically and the enzyme selectively copies the T(7) ;early' genes. 8. Preliminary @entity535 analyses of alpha and beta subunits show that their overall content of acidic, basic and neutral @entity1522 does not differ appreciably from that of @entity526 RNA polymerase.

title: Isolation and properties of highly purified XXXX deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity28887 :: ('2242', 'Species') :: ['Halobacterium cutirubrum']

entities_list: @entity9953 :: ('CHEBI:17326', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside triphosphates']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity28887 :: (2242,Species) :: ['Halobacterium cutirubrum']


abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the @entity358 on @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) in @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) and to examine the relationship with the duration of disease and pulmonary function test (PFT) results. Twenty male @entity1691 @entity1 with a mean age of 37.1    9.4 years were enrolled in this study. The @entity1 were assigned into 2 groups according to disease duration: @entity1 with disease duration <10 years (n = 10) and >=  10 years (n = 10). All @entity1 underwent clinical examination, @entity15795 and @entity2101 . @entity2101 revealed @entity854 @entity1 (70%). The most common findings were apical @entity82 (45%) and @entity2415 (25%). @entity2101 findings were more prominent in late @entity1691 @entity1 (disease duration >=  10 years) (P = 0.015). PFT were considered as abnormal in 4 @entity1 (20%). While 3 @entity1 had a restrictive type @entity358 , one @entity1 had a mild obstructive pattern. Three of these @entity1 had concomitant @entity6127 . On the other hand, 10 @entity1 with normal PFT had abnormalities on @entity2101 . These findings suggest that @entity358 in @entity1691 @entity1 without respiratory symptoms could be sensitively detected by @entity2101 . However, the clinical significance of these @entity854 should be examined in further prospective studies.

title: @entity358 on @entity2101 in XXXX : relationship to disease duration and pulmonary function testing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary abnormalities', 'pulmonary deficiency', 'pulmonary involvement']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities in 14', 'radiological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['high-resolution computed tomography', 'HRCT']

entities_list: @entity6127 :: ('MESH:D007569', 'Disease') :: ['HRCT abnormalities']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the @entity358 on @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) in @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) and to examine the relationship with the duration of disease and pulmonary function test (PFT) results. Twenty male @entity1691 @entity1 with a mean age of 37.1    9.4 years were enrolled in this study. The @entity1 were assigned into 2 groups according to disease duration: @entity1 with disease duration <10 years (n = 10) and >=  10 years (n = 10). All @entity1 underwent clinical examination, @entity15795 and @entity2101 . @entity2101 revealed @entity854 @entity1 (70%). The most common findings were apical @entity82 (45%) and @entity2415 (25%). @entity2101 findings were more prominent in late @entity1691 @entity1 (disease duration >=  10 years) (P = 0.015). PFT were considered as abnormal in 4 @entity1 (20%). While 3 @entity1 had a restrictive type @entity358 , one @entity1 had a mild obstructive pattern. Three of these @entity1 had concomitant @entity6127 . On the other hand, 10 @entity1 with normal PFT had abnormalities on @entity2101 . These findings suggest that @entity358 in @entity1691 @entity1 without respiratory symptoms could be sensitively detected by @entity2101 . However, the clinical significance of these @entity854 should be examined in further prospective studies.

title: XXXX on @entity2101 in @entity1691 : relationship to disease duration and pulmonary function testing.

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary abnormalities']


abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the @entity358 on @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) in @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) and to examine the relationship with the duration of disease and pulmonary function test (PFT) results. Twenty male @entity1691 @entity1 with a mean age of 37.1    9.4 years were enrolled in this study. The @entity1 were assigned into 2 groups according to disease duration: @entity1 with disease duration <10 years (n = 10) and >=  10 years (n = 10). All @entity1 underwent clinical examination, @entity15795 and @entity2101 . @entity2101 revealed @entity854 @entity1 (70%). The most common findings were apical @entity82 (45%) and @entity2415 (25%). @entity2101 findings were more prominent in late @entity1691 @entity1 (disease duration >=  10 years) (P = 0.015). PFT were considered as abnormal in 4 @entity1 (20%). While 3 @entity1 had a restrictive type @entity358 , one @entity1 had a mild obstructive pattern. Three of these @entity1 had concomitant @entity6127 . On the other hand, 10 @entity1 with normal PFT had abnormalities on @entity2101 . These findings suggest that @entity358 in @entity1691 @entity1 without respiratory symptoms could be sensitively detected by @entity2101 . However, the clinical significance of these @entity854 should be examined in further prospective studies.

title: @entity358 on XXXX in @entity1691 : relationship to disease duration and pulmonary function testing.

answer: @entity2101 :: (MESH:C538394,Disease) :: ['high-resolution computed tomography']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity74 and @entity409 have been reported to respond poorly to sacral neuromodulation. We report on our experience in treating voiding symptoms with sacral neuromodulation after spinal surgery. The medical charts of @entity1 evaluated for sacral neuromodulation from 2000-2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Indications, need for explantation, and clinical success (>50% symptom improvement) were recorded. The cohort of @entity1 who had undergone prior spinal surgery was compared to @entity1 with no history of spinal surgery or @entity16 . Thirty-two @entity1 with a history of spinal surgery and 136 with no history of @entity16 underwent sacral neuromodulation testing. Twenty @entity1 and @entity1 (62.5%) from the spinal surgery group ultimately underwent permanent implantation. Seventeen of the 32 @entity1 were diagnosed with urge @entity322 , of whom 52.9% reported a successful outcome at a mean of 2.3 years of follow-up, compared to an 80.3% success rate in @entity1 with no history of spinal surgery (p=0.018). Sixteen of 32 carried a diagnosis of urgency/frequency with 62.5% success at last follow-up, compared 73.9% (p=0.35) of those without a history of spinal surgery or @entity16 . Thirteen of 32 @entity1 diagnosed with urinary retention experienced a 61.5% long-term success rate, compared with 63.6% for those without spinal surgery and urinary retention. Six of 20 (30.0%) in the spinal surgery group were explanted at a mean time of 2.9 years, compared with 27 of 102 (26.5%) of the non-neurologic @entity1 . Clinical success can be achieved using sacral neuromodulation in @entity1 with @entity409 and a history of spinal surgery; however, those with urge @entity322 are less likely to report significant improvement.

title: Sacral neuromodulation for refractory urge XXXX is less effective following spinal surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic disease', 'neurological disease']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['voiding dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic disorders']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Controversy exists regarding the best treatment of @entity174 in the elderly. Recent studies of open reduction and internal fixation have demonstrated high complication rates. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We asked whether (1) open reduction and internal fixation could be performed with low rates of immediate and delayed complications, (2) reduction of these @entity174 could be maintained over time by evaluating long-term radiographs and visual analog @entity158 scores, and (3) 6-week immobilization would lead to disabling @entity2693 by evaluating postoperative motion and functional scores. @entity1 AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all 35 @entity1 older than 75  years with displaced @entity174 treated using a "hybrid" technique between 2002 and 2008. All @entity1 were immobilized for 6  weeks after surgery. Thirteen of the 35 @entity1 either died or developed severe @entity303 during followup. The analysis included 22 @entity1 followed a minimum of 1  year (mean, 3  years; range, 1-6.7  years). RESULTS: There were no early or late reoperations in this series. An acceptable reduction was achieved in 89% of the shoulders and maintained over time. All @entity174 healed. @entity2530 was noted on radiographs in 11% of the shoulders. Six weeks of immobilization did not lead to disabling @entity2693 . At most recent followup, mean active elevation was 141  , mean active internal rotation L1, mean active external rotation 36  , and mean American Society of Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score 68. CONCLUSIONS: Utilizing this approach, open reduction and internal fixation followed by 6-week immobilization results in a low rate of reoperation and good functional outcomes for elderly @entity1 with @entity174 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: XXXX in the elderly can be reliably fixed with a "hybrid" locked-plating technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['Osteonecrosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'proximal humerus fractures']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Proximal humerus fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The unavailability of an effective and long-lasting treatment for sacroiliac-based @entity158 has led researchers to study the efficacy of radiofrequency in denervation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of novel cooled radiofrequency application for sacral lateral-branch denervation. METHODS: @entity1 experiencing chronic @entity158 were selected for our observational study. Fluoroscopy guidance cooled radiofrequency denervation was applied on the L5 dorsal ramus and the @entity21150 lateral branches on @entity1 who had twice undergone consecutive joint blockages to confirm the diagnosis and obtained at least 75% @entity158 relief. At the 1st, 3rd and 6th month postoperatively, the @entity1 ' @entity158 was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS), and their physical function was evaluated with the @entity717 Index (ODI). RESULTS: Cooled radiofrequency was applied on a total of 15 @entity1 . Prior to the procedures, the median VAS score (interquartile range) was 8 (7-9), but at the 1st, 3rd and 6th month, this had fallen to 3 (1-4), 2 (1-3) and 3 (2-4). The baseline median ODI score (interquartile range) was 36 (32-38), while at the 1st, 3rd and 6th month, it was 16 (8-20), 12 (9-18) and 14 (10-20), respectively. At the final control, while 80% of the @entity1 reported at least a 50% decline in @entity158 scores, 86.7% of those reported at least a ten-point reduction in ODI scores. CONCLUSION: It was seen that the cooled radiofrequency used for sacroiliac denervation was an effective and safe method in the short to intermediate term.

title: Cooled radiofrequency application for treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'sacroiliac pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['sacroiliac joint pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated the effectiveness of an early POI in newly diagnosed @entity5 @entity1 in reducing the occurrence of @entity146 disturbances. METHODS: We designed a mono-institutional prospective study involving all new @entity1 admitted to the Oncology Department of Fatebenefratelli and Ophtalmic Hospital in Milan from January 2005 until September 2008. During the first visit, the oncologist could offer support with a psycho-oncologist. The @entity1 who accepted had a first interview (T0), during which they took a self-evaluation test (HADS, @entity148 and @entity308 scale). On the basis of the score, the psycho-oncologist could offer psychotherapy and/or pharmacological intervention, if necessary. At the end of the eight sessions (T1), the @entity1 repeated the self-evaluation test with the HADS, and we analysed both the difference in the HADS score between T0 and T1 and the clinical evaluation of the psycho-oncologist. RESULTS: Three hundred eighteen @entity1 were evaluated with a psychoanalytical psychotherapy approach by two psycho-oncologists through a first interview and 90 of them were eligible for the present study also for the evaluation of HADS. The average HADS score in T0 was 15.26 for @entity308 (sd=3.21) and 13.86 for @entity148 (sd   =   2.05). The reassessment at the end of the psychotherapy (T1) showed an average HADS score of 5.94 for @entity308 (sd   =   3.11) and 6.58 for @entity148 (sd   =   2.88). Only five @entity1 were treated with a pharmacological approach alone. CONCLUSIONS: Considering all the limits of our study, we may conclude that an early POI significantly reduces @entity1 ' @entity146 symptoms and the risk of a negative evolution of pathological situations in those @entity1 who are motivated and express a need for psychological help.

title: A mono-institutional prospective study on the effectiveness of a specialist psychotherapeutic intervention (POI) started at the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'Hospital Anxiety']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess if pulmonary CT angiography (CTA) can predict outcome in @entity1 with @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of CTA studies of @entity1 with @entity1151 and documentation of pulmonary artery (PA)/aorta ratio, right ventricular (RV)/left ventricular (LV) ratio, superior vena cava ( @entity6480 ) diameter, pulmonary obstruction index (POI), ventricular septal bowing (VSB), venous contrast reflux (VCR), @entity8995 and @entity1143 . Furthermore, duration of total hospital stay, necessity for/duration of ICU therapy, necessity for mechanical ventilation and mortality were recorded. Comparison was performed by logistic/linear regression analysis with significance at 5%. RESULTS: 152 @entity1 were investigated. Mean duration of hospital stay was 21          24 days. 66 @entity1 were admitted to the ICU; 20 received mechanical ventilation. Mean duration of ICU therapy was 3          8 days. Mortality rate was 8%. Significant positive associations of POI, VCR and @entity8995 with necessity for ICU therapy were shown. VCR was significantly associated with necessity for mechanical ventilation and duration of ICU treatment. Pleural effusions were significantly associated with duration of total hospital stay whereas the RV/LV ratio correlated with mortality. CONCLUSION: Selected CTA findings showed significant associations with the clinical course of @entity1151 and may thus be used as predictive parameters.

title: Multidetector-CT angiography in XXXX -can image parameters predict clinical outcome?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity8995 :: ('MESH:D054060', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary infarction']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To conduct a dose testing analysis of @entity1584 microbubble ( @entity31546 ) @entity8 ( @entity8 ) to determine the optimal dose for detection of liver @entity3 in @entity1 with extra-hepatic primary @entity5 . METHODS: 157 @entity1 were investigated with conventional US and @entity8 . @entity8 was performed following intravenous administration of @entity1584 microbubbles (using one dose of either 0.008, 0.08, 0.12 or 0.36  L/kg body weight). Three blinded off-site readers recorded the number and locations of metastatic lesions detected by US and @entity8 . Contrast enhanced CT and MRI were used as the "Standard Of Reference" (SOR). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of liver @entity3 detection with US versus @entity8 , for each dose group were obtained. Dose group analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: 165 @entity3 were present in 92 @entity1 who each had 1-7 lesions present on the SOR. Sensitivity of US versus @entity8 (for all doses combined) was 38% and 67% (p   =   0.0001). The 0.12 dose group with @entity8 (78%) had significantly higher sensitivity and accuracy (70%) compared to other dose groups (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic performance of @entity8 is dose dependent with the 0.12  L/kg @entity31546 dose group showing the greatest sensitivity and accuracy in detection of liver @entity3 .

title: Contrast enhanced ultrasound in the detection of liver XXXX : a prospective multi-centre dose testing study using a @entity1584 microbubble contrast agent ( @entity31546 ).

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['CEUS', 'contrast-enhanced ultrasound']

entities_list: @entity1584 :: ('MESH:C108042', 'Chemical') :: ['perfluorobutane']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To conduct a dose testing analysis of @entity1584 microbubble ( @entity31546 ) @entity8 ( @entity8 ) to determine the optimal dose for detection of liver @entity3 in @entity1 with extra-hepatic primary @entity5 . METHODS: 157 @entity1 were investigated with conventional US and @entity8 . @entity8 was performed following intravenous administration of @entity1584 microbubbles (using one dose of either 0.008, 0.08, 0.12 or 0.36  L/kg body weight). Three blinded off-site readers recorded the number and locations of metastatic lesions detected by US and @entity8 . Contrast enhanced CT and MRI were used as the "Standard Of Reference" (SOR). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of liver @entity3 detection with US versus @entity8 , for each dose group were obtained. Dose group analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: 165 @entity3 were present in 92 @entity1 who each had 1-7 lesions present on the SOR. Sensitivity of US versus @entity8 (for all doses combined) was 38% and 67% (p   =   0.0001). The 0.12 dose group with @entity8 (78%) had significantly higher sensitivity and accuracy (70%) compared to other dose groups (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic performance of @entity8 is dose dependent with the 0.12  L/kg @entity31546 dose group showing the greatest sensitivity and accuracy in detection of liver @entity3 .

title: Contrast enhanced ultrasound in the detection of liver @entity3 : a prospective multi-centre dose testing study using a XXXX microbubble contrast agent ( @entity31546 ).

answer: @entity1584 :: (MESH:C108042,Chemical) :: ['perfluorobutane']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To conduct a dose testing analysis of @entity1584 microbubble ( @entity31546 ) @entity8 ( @entity8 ) to determine the optimal dose for detection of liver @entity3 in @entity1 with extra-hepatic primary @entity5 . METHODS: 157 @entity1 were investigated with conventional US and @entity8 . @entity8 was performed following intravenous administration of @entity1584 microbubbles (using one dose of either 0.008, 0.08, 0.12 or 0.36  L/kg body weight). Three blinded off-site readers recorded the number and locations of metastatic lesions detected by US and @entity8 . Contrast enhanced CT and MRI were used as the "Standard Of Reference" (SOR). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of liver @entity3 detection with US versus @entity8 , for each dose group were obtained. Dose group analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: 165 @entity3 were present in 92 @entity1 who each had 1-7 lesions present on the SOR. Sensitivity of US versus @entity8 (for all doses combined) was 38% and 67% (p   =   0.0001). The 0.12 dose group with @entity8 (78%) had significantly higher sensitivity and accuracy (70%) compared to other dose groups (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic performance of @entity8 is dose dependent with the 0.12  L/kg @entity31546 dose group showing the greatest sensitivity and accuracy in detection of liver @entity3 .

title: Contrast enhanced ultrasound in the detection of liver @entity3 : a prospective multi-centre dose testing study using a @entity1584 microbubble contrast agent ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity31546 :: (MESH:C069727,Chemical) :: ['NC100100']


abstract: The clinical significance of @entity5 -infiltrating immune cells has been reported in a variety of @entity1 @entity189 including @entity0 . However, molecular signature of @entity5 -infiltrating immune cells and their prognostic value in @entity0 @entity1 remain elusive. We hypothesized that a distinct network of immune function genes at the @entity5 site can predict a low risk versus high risk of distant relapse in @entity0 @entity1 regardless of the status of ER, PR, or @entity1722 in their @entity5 . We conducted retrospective studies in a diverse cohort of @entity0 @entity1 with a 1-5  year @entity5 relapse versus those with up to 7  years relapse-free survival. The RNAs were extracted from the frozen @entity5 specimens at the time of diagnosis and subjected to microarray analysis and real-time RT-PCR. @entity982 -embedded tissues were also subjected to immunohistochemistry staining. We determined that a network of immune function genes involved in B cell development, interferon signaling associated with allograft rejection and autoimmune reaction, antigen presentation pathway, and cross talk between adaptive and innate immune responses were exclusively upregulated in @entity1 with relapse-free survival. Among the 299 genes, five genes which included B cell response genes were found to predict with >85% accuracy relapse-free survival. Real-time RT-PCR confirmed the 5-gene prognostic signature that was distinct from an FDA-cleared 70-gene signature of MammaPrint panel and from the Oncotype DX recurrence score assay panel. These data suggest that neoadjuvant immunotherapy in @entity1 with high risk of relapse may reduce @entity5 recurrence by inducing the immune function genes.

title: A signature of immune function genes associated with recurrence-free survival in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: The clinical significance of @entity5 -infiltrating immune cells has been reported in a variety of @entity1 @entity189 including @entity0 . However, molecular signature of @entity5 -infiltrating immune cells and their prognostic value in @entity0 @entity1 remain elusive. We hypothesized that a distinct network of immune function genes at the @entity5 site can predict a low risk versus high risk of distant relapse in @entity0 @entity1 regardless of the status of ER, PR, or @entity1722 in their @entity5 . We conducted retrospective studies in a diverse cohort of @entity0 @entity1 with a 1-5  year @entity5 relapse versus those with up to 7  years relapse-free survival. The RNAs were extracted from the frozen @entity5 specimens at the time of diagnosis and subjected to microarray analysis and real-time RT-PCR. @entity982 -embedded tissues were also subjected to immunohistochemistry staining. We determined that a network of immune function genes involved in B cell development, interferon signaling associated with allograft rejection and autoimmune reaction, antigen presentation pathway, and cross talk between adaptive and innate immune responses were exclusively upregulated in @entity1 with relapse-free survival. Among the 299 genes, five genes which included B cell response genes were found to predict with >85% accuracy relapse-free survival. Real-time RT-PCR confirmed the 5-gene prognostic signature that was distinct from an FDA-cleared 70-gene signature of MammaPrint panel and from the Oncotype DX recurrence score assay panel. These data suggest that neoadjuvant immunotherapy in @entity1 with high risk of relapse may reduce @entity5 recurrence by inducing the immune function genes.

title: A signature of immune function genes associated with recurrence-free survival in @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: We sought to determine the association between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and graft function in renal transplant recipients. DESIGN AND METHODS: We enrolled 577 kidney transplant recipients aged 18-74 years (response rate 87%). Recipients with multiple or multi-organ transplantation, @entity908 kinase >200 U/L, @entity810 or cellular rejection (n = 64), and without @entity1011 assessments in 3 months pre-enrollment (n = 127) were excluded. The questionnaire included @entity7634 QOL 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), Health Utility Index III (HUI-III), @entity8 Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL36) which include a generic section (RAND SF-12). Data on medical conditions, therapy regimens, and biochemistry results were extracted from clinical charts. We used general linear models adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical characteristics to assess the association between HRQOL and severity of @entity740 ( @entity740 ). RESULTS: @entity1 with more advanced @entity740 were more likely to be African-American, covered by public insurance, more likely to have shorter time after transplantation, higher @entity3151 and lower hemoglobin, serum albumin, and @entity460 levels. All HRQOL scales were inversely associated with @entity740 severity. All associations were robust to adjustment for possible confounders. CONCLUSIONS: Several health-related quality of life dimensions may be affected by poor renal function after transplantation.

title: XXXX is associated with worse self-reported outcomes after kidney transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Kidney Disease']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Impaired renal function']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Robotic-assisted excision of a pelvic @entity808 is presented. METHODS: A 27 year-old female presented with occasional numbness of the right thigh. Imaging studies revealed a large mass adjacent to the right ovary. Robotic surgery with adjunctive electrophysiological monitoring was performed. The mass was adhered to the L4, L5 roots and was displacing the iliac vessels and the ureter. The @entity5 bulk was decompressed and total excision was facilitated. RESULTS: Pathology revealed a @entity5 consisting of spindle cells. Immunochemistry revealed S-100(+) and a growth index Ki-67 < 1%. These findings were consistent with the diagnosis of @entity808 . The intraoperative time was comparable to laparoscopy and the @entity1 had an uneventful recovery. CONCLUSION: @entity808 is often diagnosed only when it is large enough to produce symptoms. Robotic surgery with adjunctive electrophysiological monitoring is a safe technique for the @entity530 .

title: Robotic-assisted surgical XXXX : a novel approach to a rare variant.

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannoma', 'Ancient schwannoma', 'ancient schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['removal of large pelvic neurinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm', 'tumour']

answer: @entity530 :: (MESH:D010386,Disease) :: ['removal of pelvic schwannoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Oral anticoagulation is highly effective for @entity64 prevention in high-risk- @entity1 with @entity955 . AF is also a risk for @entity303 , and effective OAC reduces the risk of @entity303 . Up to 30% of @entity1 with @entity955 have a @entity453 and antiplatelets are used to avoid @entity715 complications]. @entity1 with @entity955 oft have an @entity1187 und undergo a percutaneous intervention with stent-implantation. These @entity1 require a triple therapy, i.e. the combination of oral anticoagulation with dual-anti-platelet therapy. It is obvious that OAC may induce @entity548 with potentially deleterious effects on mortality. Even the occurrence of minor @entity548 is problematic. The review describes available data on used antithromboembolic regimens in @entity1 treated with oral anticoagulation ( @entity2067 antagonists and non- @entity2067 antagonists) who need a triple therapy (i.e. anticoagulation and antiplatelets). Most data are from @entity1 who were treated for an @entity1187 and cannot be directly extrapolated for @entity1 with @entity955 . The impact of used stents and novel @entity3075 antagonist-antiplatelets and duration of triple therapy is discussed. Often some high-risk @entity1 with @entity955 would need anticoagulation but cannot be given this therapy because of excessive @entity548 risks or contraindicating comorbidities: in these @entity1 left atrial appendage closure with an occluding device can be used as an alternative to antithromboembolic therapy- The unavoidable antithromboembolic triple therapy carries a strong potential for @entity548 events, which increase mortality. We have many data and several recommendations are offered. . Nonetheless, we lack solid data on the best antithromboembolic regimen in @entity1 with @entity955 who need anticoagulation and antiplatelets.

title: Antithromboembolic strategies in XXXX : A review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, effects on survival and complications of self-expandable metal stent applications in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 undergoing metal stent insertion due to @entity5 between February 2005 and July 2009 were included in the present study. In all @entity1 , self-expandable metal stent 22 mm in diameter was inserted under scopic guidance. The @entity1 were evaluated regarding age, gender, etiology, efficacy of stent insertion, complications, and duration of patency of the stent. RESULTS: Of the 25 @entity1 included in the study, 15 were female and 10 were male. Their mean age was 65.9 years (57-81 years). The most common etiological causes were @entity5 (n=10, 40%) and @entity788 (n=8, 32%). Duodenal stent was inserted successfully in all @entity1 . In 4 @entity1 , percutaneous biliary metal stent was inserted at the same time due to @entity3883 . No mortality occurred during the procedure. A second stent was inserted in 4 @entity1 due to stent migration. The @entity1 were followed for a mean of 92 days (7 to 258 days) after the procedure. The stents remained clinically patent in all @entity1 during the follow-up period until death. CONCLUSIONS: Insertion of duodenal metal stent is an effective and safe therapeutic approach in the palliative treatment of malignant @entity1084 .

title: Palliative treatment of XXXX : Applications of self-expandable metal stent.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['concomitant obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal tumor', 'malignant gastroduodenal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1084 :: ('MESH:D017219', 'Disease') :: ['gastric outlet obstruction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant gastroduodenal obstruction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aim of the study was to assess results of treatment and quality of life of @entity1 with hemifacial @entity2473 (HFS) after microvascular decompression and to analyze intraoperative data in surgical revision of intracranial portion of @entity2103 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 30 @entity1 with HFS who underwent microvascular decompression. Duration of symptoms varied between 1 and 30 years (mean--6.7 years). Typical manifestation of @entity2473 was observed in 28 cases, atypical--in 22. Severity of @entity8682 and its influence on everyday activity were assessed using 5-grade scale (by E. Tan), and surgical results--according to degree of clinical improvement combined with evaluation of quality of life using scale HFS-7. RESULTS. Most frequent type of conflict observed in the series was contact between @entity2103 and AICA (64.4%). Compression of @entity2103 root entry zone was revealed in vast majority of cases (93.3%), and in 2 @entity1 (6.7%) site of compression was distal to the root entry zone. In a female @entity1 with secondary HFS due to the @entity5 relations of @entity531 were altered and their displacement produced conflict between AICA loop and @entity2103 . In our series @entity308 of different severity was observed in 16.7% of @entity1 . This disorder is persistent and does not regress in the follow-up period. All other symptoms of @entity129 are amenable to resolve within 1-2 months. CONCLUSION: Microvascular decompression of @entity2103 is pathogenetically feasible and effective method of treatment of HFS. It allows achievement of consistent regression of symptoms and improvement of quality of life of @entity1 with HFS.

title: [Long-term results of microvascular decompression in treatment of hemifacial XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['hearing depression']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular structures']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['spasm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: SYNTAX score II (SS-II) has been demonstrated to predict long-term outcomes in unprotected left main or multiple vessels in @entity1 with @entity453 . But its prognostic value for @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) remains unknown. The poor myocardial perfusion (myocardial blush grade, @entity7584 0/1) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) has a negative prognostic value in @entity1 with @entity583 . We aimed to assess SS-II and its possible relationships with @entity7584 0/1 in @entity1 with @entity583 treated with PPCI. METHODS: The study included 477 @entity1 with @entity583 who underwent PPCI between October 2010 and May 2014. The SS-II and @entity7584 were determined in all @entity1 . @entity7584 were divided into @entity7584 0/1 (poor myocardial perfusion) and @entity7584 2/3 (normal myocardial perfusion). @entity1 were divided into 3 tertiles: SS-II low ( <= 20), SS-II intermediate (20-26) and SS-II high (>=  26). RESULTS: Compared with the SS-II intermediate and SS-II low tertiles, the SS-II high tertile had more @entity7584 0/1 (46.1%, 32.1% and 21.8%, p<0.001, respectively). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, SS-II was an independent predictor of @entity7584 0/1 (Hazard ratio [HR]: 1.084, 95% CI: 1.050 to 1.119; p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis identified SS-II > 24 as the best cut-off value predicting @entity7584 0/1 (sensitivity of 66%, specificity of 54%). CONCLUSIONS: High SS-II is an independent predictor of @entity7584 0/1 in @entity1 with @entity583 undergoing PPCI.

title: Does SYNTAX score II predict poor myocardial perfusion in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['STEMI']


abstract: @entity24602 ( @entity24602 ) for care-dependent older @entity1 gain increasing importance as a setting for nursing care in Germany, both in terms of numbers and user preference. This article aims to answer the questions in which phases @entity24602 have developed over time, what the initiator's objectives are, and what factors contributed to @entity24602 proliferation. A systematic review of the literature was conducted that finally included 73 articles. As a result it can be demonstrated that @entity24602 started from "individual user initiatives", became "developing novel services" and finally established themselves as "regular services" in the nursing setting. A typology of different models of @entity24602 can be organised along two dimensions: Firstly the temporal dimension of care organisation and secondly the way care services are purchased. Objectives formulated by the initiators of @entity24602 are: Establishment of a family - like environment, inclusion of relatives, community orientation, security of care provision and maintenance of self-determination. Tailor-made financial and legal regulations supported the spread of SHAs. In reflection of the available literature it becomes evident that no satisfactory consensus on those elements exist that are constitutive for SHAs. Furthermore, there is a dearth of research on whether postulated objectives and other health related goals are actually being met in SHAs. Open questions pertain also the level of self-determination achieved in practice and other outcomes attained.

title: [Shared-housing arrangements for care-dependent older XXXX - characteristics, development and drivers].

entities_list: @entity24602 :: ('MESH:D012753', 'Disease') :: ['SHA', 'Shared-Housing Arrangements']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy and tolerability of low-dose weekly @entity136 as a radiosensitizer in unresectable @entity788 @entity1 treated with chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: Twenty-four histologically confirmed @entity3123 @entity1 (female/male: 10/14, median age: 60) were evaluated. Seven (29%) @entity1 received @entity136 either as a single agent or in combination prior to chemoradiotherapy. Concurrent 75 mg/m2 @entity136 was infused weekly. Radiotherapy was delivered to the @entity5 and positive lymphatics with 3D-conformal radiotherapy to a total dose of 4500 cGy. Local progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 36 weeks. Median local progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival were 22 weeks (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5-59 weeks), 19 weeks (95%CI: 6.9-31 weeks) and 36 weeks (95%CI: 28-43 weeks), respectively. All @entity1 completed radiotherapy as scheduled. Concurrent @entity136 was given fully in 58.3% of @entity1 . @entity136 was terminated in four (16.6%) @entity1 due to grade 3 @entity1398 (n=1), grade 3 @entity390 / @entity391 (n=2) or @entity1 's reluctance (n=1). @entity1 with local response and stable disease to chemoradiotherapy revealed a median survival of 39 weeks (95%CI: 30-47.9 weeks) compared to 36 weeks (95%CI: 9.7-62.2 weeks) in @entity1 with locally progressive disease (p=0.52). @entity158 was improved in 50% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Weekly low-dose radiosensitizing @entity136 is effective and safe in unresectable @entity788 @entity1 .

title: Concomitant chemoradiotherapy with low-dose weekly @entity136 for nonmetastatic unresectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy and tolerability of low-dose weekly @entity136 as a radiosensitizer in unresectable @entity788 @entity1 treated with chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: Twenty-four histologically confirmed @entity3123 @entity1 (female/male: 10/14, median age: 60) were evaluated. Seven (29%) @entity1 received @entity136 either as a single agent or in combination prior to chemoradiotherapy. Concurrent 75 mg/m2 @entity136 was infused weekly. Radiotherapy was delivered to the @entity5 and positive lymphatics with 3D-conformal radiotherapy to a total dose of 4500 cGy. Local progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 36 weeks. Median local progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival were 22 weeks (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5-59 weeks), 19 weeks (95%CI: 6.9-31 weeks) and 36 weeks (95%CI: 28-43 weeks), respectively. All @entity1 completed radiotherapy as scheduled. Concurrent @entity136 was given fully in 58.3% of @entity1 . @entity136 was terminated in four (16.6%) @entity1 due to grade 3 @entity1398 (n=1), grade 3 @entity390 / @entity391 (n=2) or @entity1 's reluctance (n=1). @entity1 with local response and stable disease to chemoradiotherapy revealed a median survival of 39 weeks (95%CI: 30-47.9 weeks) compared to 36 weeks (95%CI: 9.7-62.2 weeks) in @entity1 with locally progressive disease (p=0.52). @entity158 was improved in 50% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Weekly low-dose radiosensitizing @entity136 is effective and safe in unresectable @entity788 @entity1 .

title: Concomitant chemoradiotherapy with low-dose weekly XXXX for nonmetastatic unresectable @entity788 .

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Iatrogenic colon perforation is a rare but life-threatening complication of colonscopy. As in other diseases, laparoscopic treatment has increasingly been propagated for the treatment of @entity1049 in the last years. The aim of this comparative study was to answer the question of whether laparoscopic surgical treatment may serve as a suitable treatment for the acute colon perforation comparable to open surgery. @entity1 AND METHODS: The data of all @entity1 who underwent surgery for @entity694 within a 13-year time period (1997-2009) were recorded prospectively and analysed retrospectively with regard to different perioperative parameters. In the following analysis the laparoscopically and open surgically treated @entity1 were compared. RESULTS: In the observation period 24 @entity1 with @entity694 were treated laparoscopically and 12 @entity1 with open surgery. There were no significant differences concerning age in both groups. In both groups resection of the affected region was preferred [open surgically: 58 % (n = 7), laparoscopically: 80 % (n = 19)]. The median operation time was 105 min (range: 35 - 180) for the open surgically treated @entity1 and 165 min (90 - 420) for laparoscopic procedures (p = 0.006). In 4 cases of the laparoscopic group a conversion via laparotomy was -necessary. There was no significant difference concerning the hospital stay between both groups with 14.5 days (7-40) for the open surgical and 11 days (7-25) for the laparoscopic group. Concerning the postoperative morbidity a significantly higher incidence could be seen in the open surgical group (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: An @entity694 mostly leeds to the immediate indication for a surgical treatment. The morbidity and mortality is -primarily determined through the appearance of @entity260 due to delays in diagnostics and treatment. In this study the feasibility of a laparoscopic treatment could be shown. The laparoscopy with its minimal access trauma offers an enlargement of the diagnostics as well as a safe treatment of the perforation in most @entity1 . However, the laparoscopic treatment especially in emergancy situations requires -advanced experience of the surgeon and always needs a critical benefit-risk consideration in the individual situation.

title: [Open surgical versus laparoscopic treatment of XXXX - results of a 13-year experience].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic colon perforation']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colonic disorders']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['iatrogenic colon perforation']


abstract: 215 @entity1 with @entity978 ( @entity978 ) were treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital between 1963 and 1985 (median follow-up 9 years). The actuarial 5- and 10-year survival was 77 and 65%, respectively with 55 and 48% 5 and 10 year disease-free survival. Of 13 variables tested, age was the only independent prognostic indicator for survival on multivariate analysis. @entity1 aged under 40, 40-59 and over 60 years had a 10-year survival of 76, 41 and 8%, respectively (p much less than 0.001). Ninety-one @entity1 were initially treated with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy (combined modality therapy, @entity33954 ), 73 @entity1 with radiotherapy (RT) and 51 @entity1 with chemotherapy (CT) alone. @entity1 under 40 years treated with @entity33954 achieved the best disease-free survival (10 year disease-free survival: @entity33954 68%; RT 38%; CT 45%). The observed survival advantage for @entity33954 was not statistically significant. In @entity1 aged greater than 40 there was no survival or disease-free survival advantage following @entity33954 . Analysis of recurrence pattern confirmed that @entity33954 improves @entity66 control both at previously involved and uninvolved sites. Recurrences at previously uninvolved sites continued up to 6 years following CT, up to 8 years following @entity33954 and up to 14 years after RT alone. These results indicate that only long-term follow-up gives the true picture of stage III @entity978 .

title: XXXX --long-term results following chemotherapy, radiotherapy and combined modality therapy.

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "stage III Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['initial disease']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Stage III Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: The @entity1014 @entity894 ( @entity894 ), representing the percentage of cells in the DNA-synthesis phase, was measured in vitro prior to therapy in 87 @entity1 with @entity957 of the @entity135 , who were treated between 1977 and 1982. The @entity894 was not related to @entity1 age, site of the @entity5 , clinical stage or histological grade. Overall survival was 44.5%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that survival was affected by the following factors: (1) age: @entity1 older than 55 had a better outcome (p = 0.03); (2) site of the @entity5 (p = 0.005): @entity5 had the best survival; (3) clinical stage (p = 0.05). Histological grade did not influence the survival (p = 0.41). @entity1 having a @entity5 higher than 15.5% (mean + 1 S.D.) had a significantly lower survival than @entity1 with lower @entity5 (p = 0.008). A multivariate analysis using the Cox model showed that clinical stage and @entity894 kept their prognostic impact with regard to survival. Finally, survival after relapse was lower in @entity1 with a high @entity5 . These results demonstrate that a high @entity5 proliferation rate is an additional factor influencing the disease outcome in @entity135 . @entity1 with bad prognosis defined by this parameter could be offered a more energetic treatment.

title: The XXXX : a prognostic factor in @entity135 .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck', 'head and neck carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['labelling index', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal tumours', 'tumour LI', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

answer: @entity894 :: (MESH:C566784,Disease) :: ['labelling index']


abstract: The @entity1014 @entity894 ( @entity894 ), representing the percentage of cells in the DNA-synthesis phase, was measured in vitro prior to therapy in 87 @entity1 with @entity957 of the @entity135 , who were treated between 1977 and 1982. The @entity894 was not related to @entity1 age, site of the @entity5 , clinical stage or histological grade. Overall survival was 44.5%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that survival was affected by the following factors: (1) age: @entity1 older than 55 had a better outcome (p = 0.03); (2) site of the @entity5 (p = 0.005): @entity5 had the best survival; (3) clinical stage (p = 0.05). Histological grade did not influence the survival (p = 0.41). @entity1 having a @entity5 higher than 15.5% (mean + 1 S.D.) had a significantly lower survival than @entity1 with lower @entity5 (p = 0.008). A multivariate analysis using the Cox model showed that clinical stage and @entity894 kept their prognostic impact with regard to survival. Finally, survival after relapse was lower in @entity1 with a high @entity5 . These results demonstrate that a high @entity5 proliferation rate is an additional factor influencing the disease outcome in @entity135 . @entity1 with bad prognosis defined by this parameter could be offered a more energetic treatment.

title: The @entity894 : a prognostic factor in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck carcinoma']


abstract: Cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation, as detected in hibernating @entity1562 of chronic @entity63 @entity1 , is one of the characteristics seen at the border of @entity583 in small and large animals. Our objectives were to study in detail the morphological changes occurring at the border zone of a @entity95 @entity583 and its use as model for hibernating @entity1562 . Ligation of the left coronary artery (LAD) was performed on @entity95 hearts and animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks post- @entity1188 . These hearts together with a non-infarcted control heart were perfusion-fixed and tissue samples were embedded in @entity990 resin. Hibernating cardiomyocytes were mainly distributed in the non-infarcted region adjacent to the border zone of infarcted @entity1562 but only in a limited number. In the border zone itself vacuolated cardiomyocytes surrounded by fibrotic tissue were frequently observed. Ultrastructural analysis of these vacuolated cells revealed the presence of a basal lamina inside the vacuoles adjacent to the surrounding membrane, the presence of pinocytotic vesicles and an association with cisternae of the sarcoplasmatic reticulum. Myocyte quantitative analyses revealed a gradual increase in vacuolar area/total cell area ratio and in collagen fibril deposition inside the vacuoles from 2 to 12 weeks post- @entity1188 . Related to the remote zone, the increase in cell width of myocytes located in and adjacent to the border zone demonstrated cellular @entity1184 . These results indicate the occurrence of cardiomyocyte remodelling mechanisms in the border zone and adjacent regions of infarcted @entity1562 . It is suggested that the vacuoles represent plasma membrane invaginations and/or dilatations of T-tubular structures.

title: Structural remodelling of cardiomyocytes in the border zone of infarcted XXXX heart.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['myocardium']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarcts', 'myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: This study investigated whether a novel ionogenic substance, containing amongst others @entity219 and @entity12310 (PHI-5; Dermagenics Inc, Memphis, TN, USA), could improve the healing of full-thickness @entity272 . Uniform wounds were created on the right flank of @entity840 . Micro-grooved @entity1346 rubber membranes, containing 0 (controls), 1.25, 5.00, or 10.00 microg PHI-5, were sutured onto this wound. Standardized digital wound photographs were made after 1, 3, and 6 weeks. Also, wound biopsies were taken after 3 and 6 weeks for histological and histomorphometrical evaluation. For all study groups, 6 animals were used. Analysis of the 1-week digital photographs showed that the surface area of the wounds decreased significantly, with an increasing PHI-5 concentration. No other differences were found in the wound photographs. Also, no differences were measured in histomorphometry at 3 and 6 weeks. Concluding, in our study model a single application of PHI-5 did have a significant positive influence on initial wound healing.

title: The influence of a PHI-5-loaded XXXX membrane, on cutaneous wound healing in vivo.

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin wounds']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: Articular involvement was reported to be present in approximately 5-76% of Beh  et @entity1 . Therefore, we need a useful non-invasive method to detect articular involvement early in Beh  et @entity1 with nonspecific complaints. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of @entity32621 ( @entity32621 ) bone scintigraphy in the detection of the articular involvement of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Bone scintigraphy with @entity32621 was performed in 32 (17 male, 15 female) consecutive @entity1 with @entity195 . The sacroiliac (SI) joints with SI index higher than 1.34 were diagnosed as having @entity6592 . Although joint complaints were present in only 8 (25%) @entity1 , we detected joint involvement by scintigraphy in 27/32 (84.4%) Beh  et @entity1 mostly affecting the knees (62.5%), ankles (59.4%), @entity2720 (25%), wrists (21.9%), shoulders (18.7%), elbows (12.5%) and hips (3.1%). The articular involvement was monoarticular in four cases (12.5%) and was oligoarticular in the remaining. There was no correlation between joint involvement and age, gender, disease duration, drug usage or other clinical manifestations. Despite the fact that our @entity1 were clinically asymptomatic and had normal pelvis radiography, @entity6592 was found in 8 @entity1 (25%). Bone scintigraphy is sensitive in the diagnosis of joint involvement allowing earlier diagnosis and showing the presence of articular involvement, especially in @entity2720 .

title: The usefulness of XXXX bone scintigraphy in detection of articular involvement of @entity195 .

entities_list: @entity6592 :: ('MESH:D058566', 'Disease') :: ['sacroiliitis']

entities_list: @entity32621 :: ('MESH:D013669', 'Chemical') :: ['99mTc-methylene diphosphonate', 'Tc-99m-MDP']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Beh  et's disease", 'BD']

answer: @entity32621 :: (MESH:D013669,Chemical) :: ['Tc-99m-MDP']


abstract: Articular involvement was reported to be present in approximately 5-76% of Beh  et @entity1 . Therefore, we need a useful non-invasive method to detect articular involvement early in Beh  et @entity1 with nonspecific complaints. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of @entity32621 ( @entity32621 ) bone scintigraphy in the detection of the articular involvement of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Bone scintigraphy with @entity32621 was performed in 32 (17 male, 15 female) consecutive @entity1 with @entity195 . The sacroiliac (SI) joints with SI index higher than 1.34 were diagnosed as having @entity6592 . Although joint complaints were present in only 8 (25%) @entity1 , we detected joint involvement by scintigraphy in 27/32 (84.4%) Beh  et @entity1 mostly affecting the knees (62.5%), ankles (59.4%), @entity2720 (25%), wrists (21.9%), shoulders (18.7%), elbows (12.5%) and hips (3.1%). The articular involvement was monoarticular in four cases (12.5%) and was oligoarticular in the remaining. There was no correlation between joint involvement and age, gender, disease duration, drug usage or other clinical manifestations. Despite the fact that our @entity1 were clinically asymptomatic and had normal pelvis radiography, @entity6592 was found in 8 @entity1 (25%). Bone scintigraphy is sensitive in the diagnosis of joint involvement allowing earlier diagnosis and showing the presence of articular involvement, especially in @entity2720 .

title: The usefulness of @entity32621 bone scintigraphy in detection of articular involvement of XXXX .

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Beh  et's disease']


abstract: This study aims to compare radiographic healing rates of Austin bunionectomies in smokers, nonsmokers, and secondhand smokers. Delayed @entity79 has been linked to cigarette smoking previously, but no study is known to have examined smoking in relation to elective foot surgery. We hypothesized that smoking will delay @entity79 after elective foot surgery. Surgical @entity1 were placed into 1 of 3 cigarette smoking-related groups. @entity1239 @entity734 was measured by the standardized modified Fagerstr  m est and a urine @entity4874 test. Bone healing was determined via examination of postsurgical radiographs. Outcomes were assessed with 1-way analyses of variance. Forty-six @entity1 were prospectively evaluated. There were 17 smokers, 12 secondhand smokers, and 17 nonsmokers. Healing time after Austin bunionectomy was 69 days (SD = 26.0), 120 days (SD = 55.3), and 78 days (SD = 19.1) in nonsmokers, smokers, and secondhand smokers, respectively. It was noted that as urine @entity4874 number increased, the healing time also increased (Pearson correlation = -.314, P < .01). The same was noted with the score associated with the Fagerstr  m questionnaire, showing an increase in healing time with an increase in score (Pearson correlation = -.128, P < .05). The osteotomy of a smoker took 1.73 times longer to reach radiographic bone consolidation than that of a nonsmoker. This equates to a 42% increase in time to @entity79 in the smoking @entity1 . Increased healing time was also correlated to increased urine @entity4874 and a higher Fagerstr  m number. Smoking is shown to delay radiographic healing. LEVEL OF CLINICAL EVIDENCE: 2.

title: The effect of cigarette smoking on radiographic XXXX after elective foot surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['Nicotine']

entities_list: @entity4874 :: ('MESH:D003367', 'Chemical') :: ['cotinine']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone healing']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone healing']


abstract: PURPOSE: This work was undertaken to determine the clinical course and prognostic factors in @entity1 with primary @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 64 @entity1 were enrolled, including 26 females and 38 males, aged 22 to 80 years. The diagnosis of @entity1893 was made on the basis of histopathologic examination of samples collected during gastroscopy in 50 or gastrectomy in 14 @entity1 . A retrospective analysis was performed of the relationship between the outcome of treatment and age, gender, histological type of the @entity706 , clinical staging according to the original Ann Arbor classification and as modified by Stein and coworkers, functional status according to the ECOG scale, International Prognostic Index, type of @entity706 according to the classification of Kramer, and type of primary therapy. Survival probability was calculated according to Kaplan-Meier. RESULTS: The results are presented in figures and tables. CONCLUSIONS: 1. The clinical picture of primary @entity1893 is unrevealing. @entity1 usually complain of @entity158 , @entity390 , @entity391 , and @entity353 . Clinical symptoms are rarely typical of a @entity262 . 2. Age, gender, functional status, histological type of the @entity706 , and clinical stage do not correlate with treatment outcome and survival. 3. Gastrectomy as the primary method of treatment has no advantage over chemotherapy in terms of treatment outcome and survival.

title: [Primary XXXX : clinical findings and prognostic factors].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', "gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'primary gastric NHL']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']