abstract: A case of @entity8 with bone formation is reported. A 61-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital with one month history of fever. About 15 cm in diameter mass was palpated in her right lower abdomen. Plain abdominal roentgenography, ultrasonography and computed tomography showed marked @entity730 in the cephalic portion of the right kidney, @entity5 surrounding right kidney and another @entity5 in the right lower abdomen. All these @entity5 and the kidney constituted a big mass continuously, and no fatty component was demonstrated. Total excision of the mass including the kidney was performed. The mass was 30 @entity73121 10 cm in size and 3,240 g in weight. Histologically, the @entity5 was compatible to @entity8 . But, radiopaque shadows which looked like @entity730 were disclosed to be bones, and fatty tissues were not seen so much. Therefore, the name " @entity16048 " was thought to be more acceptable than @entity359 in this case. Preoperative diagnosis of @entity8 is the demonstration of fatty densities in the @entity5 , and the characteristic extrarenal development should also be taken into consideration. Furthermore, the bone formation of @entity359 , which is very rare might be an important finding to @entity359 .

title: [A case of XXXX with bone formation].

entities_list: @entity16048 :: ('MESH:D008637', 'Disease') :: ['benign mesenchymoma']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal angiomyolipoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity359 :: ('MESH:D018207', 'Disease') :: ['angiomyolipoma']

entities_list: @entity73121 :: ('p|SUB|X|24|X', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['X 24 X']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal angiomyolipoma']


abstract: Following @entity900 combination chemotherapy for advanced @entity43 , response to subsequent treatments has proved relatively poor. @entity1138 and @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) have both been reported to have useful activity as single agents in @entity1 with @entity43 . We have carried out a phase II trial of a combination of these two agents in 25 @entity1 who had previously received a median of two chemotherapy regimens (range, one to five regimens). @entity1 received @entity1138 , 10 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) on day 1 every 6 weeks, and @entity1487 , 500 mg/m2 IV daily on days 1 to 3 every 3 weeks. Four @entity1 experienced a complete response and six @entity1 a partial response, for an overall objective response rate of 40%. The median duration of complete and partial responses was 8 and 4 months, respectively. The median duration of survival for all 25 @entity1 was 10.5 months (range, 2.5 to 49+ months). The most prevalent @entity137 was @entity236 . @entity1431 occurred in 68% of the @entity1 , and 36% experienced @entity882 . Severe or life-threatening @entity236 was observed in 36% of the @entity1 and required dose reduction or drug discontinuance in 28% and 24%, respectively. We conclude that @entity1138 plus @entity1487 combination therapy appears to be extremely active in @entity1 with @entity66 . Confirmatory trials are indicated.

title: Phase II trial of XXXX plus @entity1487 in the treatment of @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial type ovarian cancer', 'drug-refractory ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['drug-refractory disease']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C', 'Mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['Leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow suppression']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin C']


abstract: Following @entity900 combination chemotherapy for advanced @entity43 , response to subsequent treatments has proved relatively poor. @entity1138 and @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) have both been reported to have useful activity as single agents in @entity1 with @entity43 . We have carried out a phase II trial of a combination of these two agents in 25 @entity1 who had previously received a median of two chemotherapy regimens (range, one to five regimens). @entity1 received @entity1138 , 10 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) on day 1 every 6 weeks, and @entity1487 , 500 mg/m2 IV daily on days 1 to 3 every 3 weeks. Four @entity1 experienced a complete response and six @entity1 a partial response, for an overall objective response rate of 40%. The median duration of complete and partial responses was 8 and 4 months, respectively. The median duration of survival for all 25 @entity1 was 10.5 months (range, 2.5 to 49+ months). The most prevalent @entity137 was @entity236 . @entity1431 occurred in 68% of the @entity1 , and 36% experienced @entity882 . Severe or life-threatening @entity236 was observed in 36% of the @entity1 and required dose reduction or drug discontinuance in 28% and 24%, respectively. We conclude that @entity1138 plus @entity1487 combination therapy appears to be extremely active in @entity1 with @entity66 . Confirmatory trials are indicated.

title: Phase II trial of @entity1138 plus XXXX in the treatment of @entity43 .

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-FU']


abstract: Following @entity900 combination chemotherapy for advanced @entity43 , response to subsequent treatments has proved relatively poor. @entity1138 and @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) have both been reported to have useful activity as single agents in @entity1 with @entity43 . We have carried out a phase II trial of a combination of these two agents in 25 @entity1 who had previously received a median of two chemotherapy regimens (range, one to five regimens). @entity1 received @entity1138 , 10 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) on day 1 every 6 weeks, and @entity1487 , 500 mg/m2 IV daily on days 1 to 3 every 3 weeks. Four @entity1 experienced a complete response and six @entity1 a partial response, for an overall objective response rate of 40%. The median duration of complete and partial responses was 8 and 4 months, respectively. The median duration of survival for all 25 @entity1 was 10.5 months (range, 2.5 to 49+ months). The most prevalent @entity137 was @entity236 . @entity1431 occurred in 68% of the @entity1 , and 36% experienced @entity882 . Severe or life-threatening @entity236 was observed in 36% of the @entity1 and required dose reduction or drug discontinuance in 28% and 24%, respectively. We conclude that @entity1138 plus @entity1487 combination therapy appears to be extremely active in @entity1 with @entity66 . Confirmatory trials are indicated.

title: Phase II trial of @entity1138 plus @entity1487 in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['drug-refractory ovarian cancer']


abstract: Deep pectoral @entity121 occurred in 39 of 204 apparently healthy and 46 of 146 ill, adult broiler breeders from Poultry Research Centre flocks. Both sexes and two commercial strains were similarly affected. The @entity121 was not associated with any disease except pododermatitis. The supracoracoid was the only muscle affected. It was bilaterally involved in 33 @entity1573 . The lesions were grouped macroscopically into three categories: acute @entity4 progressing to a green @entity39 , centrally located cicatrix, and replacement of the caudal region by fibroadipose tissue. Microscopcially the green lesion consisted of @entity39 , anucleate muscle fibres devoid of inflammatory cells and surrounded by a fibrous capsule that had a reactive inner border and externally abutted on normal and regenerating muscle or fibro-adipose tissue. Considered with the ultrastructural findings of early loss of glycogen and disintegration of sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, nuclei and Z lines, these findings indicate that the condition is an @entity39 . There was no evidence that its primary cause was occlusive @entity455 . The muscle was able to regenerate unless extensive secondary neurological lesions were present.

title: Pathology of XXXX of broilers.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis', 'ischaemic necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['deep pectoral myopathy']


abstract: Electrophysiologic studies were performed before DDD pacemaker implantation in 50 @entity1 with symptomatic @entity616 . The @entity1 were separated into 2 groups. Group I consisted of @entity1 with intact retrograde conduction and group II consisted of @entity1 with blocked retrograde conduction. After pacemaker implantation, postventricular atrial refractory periods in @entity1 in group I were programmed at 50 to 100 ms, in excess of the retrograde conduction times measured during electrophysiologic studies. In group II @entity1 , postventricular atrial refractory periods were routinely programmed at 300 ms. During follow-up, @entity1 visited the outpatient clinic at 3-month intervals for noninvasive assessment of the prevalence of retrograde conduction, and to test the inducibility of pacemaker-mediated @entity591 . The mean follow-up of group I (15 @entity1 ) was 27 +/- 10 months, whereas the mean follow-up of group II (35 @entity1 ) was 19 +/- 9 months. The mean number of noninvasive tests performed during follow-up was 8 +/- 3 per @entity1 for group I and 5 +/- 3 per @entity1 for group II. In group I, retrograde conduction remained intact in 12 @entity1 (p less than 0.01). In 29 of 31 @entity1 in group II, retrograde conduction remained absent (p less than 0.01). In 4 @entity1 in group II, chronic @entity955 occurred during follow-up. @entity955 did not occur in any @entity1 in group I. During serial electrophysiologic testing, no pacemaker-mediated @entity591 could be induced in any @entity1 in group I or II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Prevalence of retrograde conduction in XXXX after DDD pacemaker implantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'Chronic atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['heart block']


abstract: Twenty-eight (24%) of 116 pregnant @entity1 studied prospectively during an 8-month period in 1983 had platelet counts of less than 150,000/mm3 at least once during pregnancy. Thirteen of these were @entity882 in both the prenatal and the peripartum period. Eighteen were restudied 3 to 12 months after delivery. One @entity1 , who was pregnant again, had a platelet count of 140,000/mm3. In the others, platelet counts were in the normal range. Platelet-associated immunoglobulin G and serum antiplatelet antibody levels were elevated in 79% and 61%, respectively, of these 28 @entity1 on at least one occasion. However, 59% of 73 pregnant nonthrombocytopenic @entity1 had increased platelet-associated immunoglobulin G levels and 59% had positive serum antiplatelet antibody test results. Twenty @entity1 who had increased platelet-associated immunoglobulin G levels and positive serum antiplatelet antibody test results were normal 6 to 10 months after delivery. Of 105 @entity1 studied, 10 were @entity882 . @entity882 was not predicted by maternal platelet count, platelet-associated immunoglobulin G, or serum antiplatelet antibody. By the fall of 1984, the incidence of @entity882 had dropped to two in 280 consecutive pregnancies. We conclude that (1) epidemics of @entity882 can occur in pregnant @entity1 and (2) if a @entity1 is found to be @entity882 for the first time during pregnancy, she should not be subjected to the measures advocated for the management of pregnancy in @entity1 with @entity3039 .

title: An epidemic of maternal XXXX associated with elevated antiplatelet antibody. Platelet count and antiplatelet antibody in 116 consecutive pregnancies: relationship to neonatal platelet count.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Neonatal thrombocytopenia', 'thrombocytopenic', 'thrombocytopenia']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['thrombocytopenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although inconsistent, reports have shown @entity2002 levels to be associated with @entity731 . Accordingly, since cigarette smoking is associated with increased levels of @entity2002 and @entity731 , it may also affect the association between @entity2002 and @entity731 . We investigated the associations between @entity2002 and carotid @entity121 ( @entity121 ) according to smoking status in a Korean male population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plasma @entity2002 levels were measured in 277 @entity1 aged 40-87 years without a history of @entity583 or @entity64 . High-resolution B-mode ultrasonography was used to examine the common carotid arteries. @entity121 level was analyzed both as a continuous ( @entity121 -max, maximum value; @entity121 -tpm, 3-point mean value) and categorical variable (higher @entity121 ; presence of plaque). Serial linear and logistic regression models were employed to examine the association between @entity2002 and @entity121 according to smoking status. RESULTS: @entity2002 levels were positively associated with @entity121 -max (standardized b=0.25, p=0.021) and @entity121 -tpm (standardized b=0.21, p=0.038), even after adjusting for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting @entity413 , and total @entity165 to high-density lipoprotein @entity165 ratio in current smokers (n=75). No significant association between @entity2002 and @entity121 , however, was noted in former smokers (n=80) or nonsmokers (n=122). Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for having plaque per one standard deviation higher @entity2002 level were 2.06 (1.09-3.89) for current smokers, 0.68 (0.43-1.10) for former smokers, and 1.06 (0.60-1.87) for nonsmokers. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that cigarette smoking may modify the association between @entity2002 and carotid @entity731 . Further studies are required to confirm this finding in different populations.

title: Association between XXXX and Carotid @entity731 According to Smoking Status in a Korean Male Population.

entities_list: @entity2002 :: ('2244', 'Gene') :: ['Fibrinogen', 'fibrinogen']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity2002 :: (2244,Gene) :: ['Fibrinogen']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although inconsistent, reports have shown @entity2002 levels to be associated with @entity731 . Accordingly, since cigarette smoking is associated with increased levels of @entity2002 and @entity731 , it may also affect the association between @entity2002 and @entity731 . We investigated the associations between @entity2002 and carotid @entity121 ( @entity121 ) according to smoking status in a Korean male population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plasma @entity2002 levels were measured in 277 @entity1 aged 40-87 years without a history of @entity583 or @entity64 . High-resolution B-mode ultrasonography was used to examine the common carotid arteries. @entity121 level was analyzed both as a continuous ( @entity121 -max, maximum value; @entity121 -tpm, 3-point mean value) and categorical variable (higher @entity121 ; presence of plaque). Serial linear and logistic regression models were employed to examine the association between @entity2002 and @entity121 according to smoking status. RESULTS: @entity2002 levels were positively associated with @entity121 -max (standardized b=0.25, p=0.021) and @entity121 -tpm (standardized b=0.21, p=0.038), even after adjusting for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting @entity413 , and total @entity165 to high-density lipoprotein @entity165 ratio in current smokers (n=75). No significant association between @entity2002 and @entity121 , however, was noted in former smokers (n=80) or nonsmokers (n=122). Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for having plaque per one standard deviation higher @entity2002 level were 2.06 (1.09-3.89) for current smokers, 0.68 (0.43-1.10) for former smokers, and 1.06 (0.60-1.87) for nonsmokers. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that cigarette smoking may modify the association between @entity2002 and carotid @entity731 . Further studies are required to confirm this finding in different populations.

title: Association between @entity2002 and Carotid XXXX According to Smoking Status in a Korean Male Population.

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerosis']


abstract: The effect of injections of bacterial @entity558 on the expression of class I and II products of the MHC in @entity19 tissues was investigated. MHC products were assessed in tissue homogenates by radiolabeled antibody binding and in tissue sections by indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP) staining. In @entity19 given two i.p. injections of @entity558 from @entity526 or @entity5746 minnesota, there were increases in class I and II MHC products in kidney, liver, heart, lung, and pancreas. Focusing on the changes in kidney, we demonstrated that the increase in MHC expression occurred in tubules and, in the case of class I, in glomeruli. @entity558 treatment also increased the deposition of Ig in glomeruli. Expressed on a standard curve, the total kidney class I and II expression was elevated approximately 10-fold. Time course studies indicated that increased class I expression could be induced by a single @entity558 injection, whereas class II induction required a second injection. The induction was influenced by the @entity558 sensitivity of the @entity19 , being much greater in @entity558 -sensitive C3H/HeSn @entity19 than in @entity558 -resistant C3H/HeJ @entity19 . @entity558 induced class I and II Ag in @entity19 and in @entity19 with severe @entity465 , indicating that T cells were not required. Nevertheless, the effect of @entity558 was inhibitable by @entity205 and by a mAb against @entity60 indicating that @entity60 was required for the MHC induction. We conclude that @entity558 induces an increase in expression and a redistribution of MHC products in kidney and in other tissues by a T cell-independent, @entity205 -sensitive pathway. These findings are probably related to the known ability of @entity558 to mediate release of @entity60 and other cytokines.

title: Regulation of MHC expression in vivo. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces class I and II MHC products in @entity19 tissues by a T cell-independent, XXXX -sensitive mechanism.

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['combined immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['Salmonella']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: The effect of injections of bacterial @entity558 on the expression of class I and II products of the MHC in @entity19 tissues was investigated. MHC products were assessed in tissue homogenates by radiolabeled antibody binding and in tissue sections by indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP) staining. In @entity19 given two i.p. injections of @entity558 from @entity526 or @entity5746 minnesota, there were increases in class I and II MHC products in kidney, liver, heart, lung, and pancreas. Focusing on the changes in kidney, we demonstrated that the increase in MHC expression occurred in tubules and, in the case of class I, in glomeruli. @entity558 treatment also increased the deposition of Ig in glomeruli. Expressed on a standard curve, the total kidney class I and II expression was elevated approximately 10-fold. Time course studies indicated that increased class I expression could be induced by a single @entity558 injection, whereas class II induction required a second injection. The induction was influenced by the @entity558 sensitivity of the @entity19 , being much greater in @entity558 -sensitive C3H/HeSn @entity19 than in @entity558 -resistant C3H/HeJ @entity19 . @entity558 induced class I and II Ag in @entity19 and in @entity19 with severe @entity465 , indicating that T cells were not required. Nevertheless, the effect of @entity558 was inhibitable by @entity205 and by a mAb against @entity60 indicating that @entity60 was required for the MHC induction. We conclude that @entity558 induces an increase in expression and a redistribution of MHC products in kidney and in other tissues by a T cell-independent, @entity205 -sensitive pathway. These findings are probably related to the known ability of @entity558 to mediate release of @entity60 and other cytokines.

title: Regulation of MHC expression in vivo. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces class I and II MHC products in XXXX tissues by a T cell-independent, @entity205 -sensitive mechanism.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity717 ( @entity717 ) and @entity245 ( @entity245 ) are caused by genetic factors such as subtelomeric rearrangements (SR) in 25  % of @entity1 . There are several assays currently available to detect SR, but subtelomeric fluorescence in situ hybridisation (Subt-FISH) and subtelomeric multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (Subt-MLPA) have been the most frequently used. However, the diagnostic yield of each technique has not been compared. We reviewed the results of SR screening over a ten-year period in Chilean @entity1 with @entity717 / @entity245 using Subt-FISH and/or Subt-MLPA, compared the diagnostic yield of both tools and reviewed the corresponding literature. A total of 383 cases were included in this study, of which 53.8  % were males. The overall diagnostic yield was 8.9  % between both methods, but Subt-MLPA showed a higher performance than Subt-FISH (p   =   0.002). A total of 4,181 @entity1 with @entity717 / @entity245 have been studied worldwide with Subt-MLPA and other subtelomeric assays, and 244 (5.84  %) had a pathogenic SR. It is estimated that Subt-MLPA may detect 92.6  % of the total cases with SR. The capacity of detecting tandem duplication and other critical regions, as well as the use of two MLPA kits, may explain the higher performance of this tool over Subt-FISH. Therefore, we recommend the use of this subtelomeric method as a cost-effective way to study @entity717 / @entity245 @entity1 .

title: Comparison of two subtelomeric assays for the screening of chromosomal rearrangements: analysis of 383 XXXX , literature review and further recommendations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['ID', 'Intellectual disability']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['GDD', 'global development delay']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Survival benefit of simultaneous liver-kidney transplant (SLKT) over liver transplant alone (LTA) is unclear from the current literature. Additionally, the role of donor kidney quality, measured by kidney donor risk index (KDRI), in survival benefit of SLKT is not studied. We compared survival benefit after SLKT and LTA among recipients with similar pre-transplant @entity8 using novel methodology, specifically with respect to survival probability and area under the survival curve by dialysis status and KDRI. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. The study cohort included @entity1 with pre-LT @entity8 who were waitlisted and received either a SLKT (n=1,326) or a LTA (n=4,283) between 3/1/02-12/31/09. Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighted (IPTW) - SLKT and LTA survival curves, along with the 5-year area under the survival curve were computed by dialysis status at transplant. The difference in the area under the curve represents the average additional survival time gained via SLKT over LTA. RESULTS: For @entity1 not on dialysis, SLKT resulted in a significant 3.7 month gain in 5-year mean post-transplant survival time. The decrease in mortality rate differs significantly by KDRI, and an estimated 76% of SLKT recipients received a kidney with KDRI sufficiently low for mortality. The mortality decrease for SLKT was concentrated in the first year post-transplant. The difference between @entity27973 and LTA 5-year mean post-transplant survival time was 1.4 months and non-significant for @entity1 not on dialysis. CONCLUSION: The propensity score-adjusted survival among SLKT and LTA recipients was similar for those who were dialysis at LT. Although statistically significant, the survival advantage of SLKT over LTA was of marginal clinical significance among @entity1 not on dialysis; and occurred only if the donor kidney was of sufficient quality. These results should be considered in the ongoing debate regarding the allocation of @entity8 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Propensity Score-Based Survival Benefit of Simultaneous Liver-Kidney Transplant over Liver Transplant Alone for Recipients with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidneys to extra-renal transplant candidates', 'renal dysfunction']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Pre-Transplant Renal Dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify prognostic factors in a large group of @entity235 with @entity5426 ( @entity5426 ) or both. Design-Multi-institutional retrospective cohort study. Animals-71 @entity235 with subcutaneous or intramuscular @entity5426 . PROCEDURES: Medical records of affected @entity235 were reviewed. The following factors were evaluated for an association with outcome: @entity235 age and sex, clinical signs, @entity417 , @entity882 , @entity4795 , @entity5 stage at diagnosis, achievement of complete excision, intramuscular involvement, presence of gross disease, @entity5 recurrence, and treatment. RESULTS: Of the 71 cases identified, 16 (29%) had intramuscular @entity5 involvement. For all @entity235 , median time to @entity5 progression and overall survival time (OST) were 116 and 172 days, respectively; 25% survived to 1 year. Univariate analysis identified presence of clinical signs or @entity3 at diagnosis, @entity235 age, @entity5 size, use of any surgery, and presence of gross disease as predictors of time to @entity5 progression and OST. There was no significant difference in survival time between @entity235 with respect to type of @entity5426 . Multivariate analysis confirmed that adequate @entity5 control, @entity5 diameter  <= 4 cm, presence of @entity3 at diagnosis, and presence of gross disease were significantly associated with OST. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Subcutaneous and intramuscular @entity5426 remains a heterogeneous group of @entity5 that generally carries a poor prognosis. Adequate local control of @entity5 with no associated clinical signs or @entity3 may provide the best chance of long-term survival.

title: Predictors of outcome in @entity235 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'smaller tumors', 'local tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity5426 :: ('MESH:D006394', 'Disease') :: ['HSA', 'subcutaneous or intramuscular hemangiosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity4795 :: ('MESH:C563010', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilia']

answer: @entity5426 :: (MESH:D006394,Disease) :: ['subcutaneous or intramuscular hemangiosarcoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify prognostic factors in a large group of @entity235 with @entity5426 ( @entity5426 ) or both. Design-Multi-institutional retrospective cohort study. Animals-71 @entity235 with subcutaneous or intramuscular @entity5426 . PROCEDURES: Medical records of affected @entity235 were reviewed. The following factors were evaluated for an association with outcome: @entity235 age and sex, clinical signs, @entity417 , @entity882 , @entity4795 , @entity5 stage at diagnosis, achievement of complete excision, intramuscular involvement, presence of gross disease, @entity5 recurrence, and treatment. RESULTS: Of the 71 cases identified, 16 (29%) had intramuscular @entity5 involvement. For all @entity235 , median time to @entity5 progression and overall survival time (OST) were 116 and 172 days, respectively; 25% survived to 1 year. Univariate analysis identified presence of clinical signs or @entity3 at diagnosis, @entity235 age, @entity5 size, use of any surgery, and presence of gross disease as predictors of time to @entity5 progression and OST. There was no significant difference in survival time between @entity235 with respect to type of @entity5426 . Multivariate analysis confirmed that adequate @entity5 control, @entity5 diameter  <= 4 cm, presence of @entity3 at diagnosis, and presence of gross disease were significantly associated with OST. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Subcutaneous and intramuscular @entity5426 remains a heterogeneous group of @entity5 that generally carries a poor prognosis. Adequate local control of @entity5 with no associated clinical signs or @entity3 may provide the best chance of long-term survival.

title: Predictors of outcome in XXXX with @entity5426 .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that @entity4225 is a manifestation of a particularly right hemispheric disturbance, involving @entity14377 , and to consider the therapeutic implications of the findings. METHODS: A cohort of 17 medication free borderline @entity1 were compared with 17 age and sex matched controls by means of a study of p3a, which reflects the activity of one of the two main generators of the @entity3493 (P3) of the event-related-potential. P3b reflects the output of the other generator. P3a, an aspect of the attentional system, depends upon prefrontally connected neurocircuitry. P3b is underpinned by a particularly parietally connected neural system. Using an oddball paradigm, P3a was extracted from the responses to targets using a novel single trial analysis. RESULTS: In borderline @entity1 , over homologous electrode sites, p3a amplitudes, but not latencies, were significantly larger in the right hemisphere compared with the left. The differences were most marked fronto-centrally. No such difference was shown in the control subjects. P3a at right hemisphere sites was significantly larger in borderline compared with control @entity1 . There was no significant difference between the groups for the left hemisphere sites. CONCLUSIONS: The abnormally large amplitudes of P3a at right hemisphere sites in borderline @entity1 together with the failure of habituation of P3a, are consistent with deficient inhibitory activity. Discussion of the findings suggest that they may reflect impeded maturation of the fronto-medial processing systems which, it is argued, may be a consequence of the typical early environment of those with the borderline condition. This suggestion leads to a consideration of optimal therapeutic behaviour in this condition, in particular for 'matching' or 'analogical' responsiveness.

title: Is XXXX a particularly right hemispheric disorder? A study of P3a using single trial analysis.

entities_list: @entity14377 :: ('MESH:C565433', 'Disease') :: ['deficient higher order inhibition']

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['borderline personality disorder']

answer: @entity4225 :: (MESH:D001883,Disease) :: ['borderline personality']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare long-term outcome in a population-based group of @entity1 with cryptogenic versus symptomatic @entity1625 diagnosed from 1980 to 2004 and to define the course of @entity302 in the cryptogenic group. METHODS: We identified all @entity1 residing in Olmsted County, MN, 1 month through 17 years, with newly diagnosed, @entity1625 from 1980 to 2004. @entity1 with idiopathic @entity302 were excluded. Medical records were reviewed to determine etiology, results of imaging and EEG studies, treatments used, and long-term outcome. @entity1 were defined as having symptomatic @entity302 if they had a known genetic or structural/metabolic etiology, and as cryptogenic if they did not. KEY FINDINGS: Of 359 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity302 , 215 (60%) had @entity1625 . Of these, 206 (96%) were followed for > 12 months. Ninety-five @entity1 (46%) were classified as symptomatic. Median follow-up from diagnosis was similar in both groups, being 157 months (25%, 75%: 89, 233) in the cryptogenic group versus 134 months (25%, 75%: 78, 220) in the symptomatic group (p = 0.26). Of 111 cryptogenic cases, 66% had normal cognition. Long-term outcome was significantly better in those with cryptogenic versus symptomatic etiology (intractable @entity302 at last follow-up, 7% vs. 40%, p < 0.001; @entity410 freedom at last follow-up, 81% vs. 55%, p < 0.001). Of those who achieved @entity410 freedom at final follow-up, 68% of the cryptogenic group versus only 46% of the symptomatic group were off antiepileptic medications (p = 0.01). One-third of the cryptogenic group had a remarkably benign disorder, with no @entity410 seen after initiation of medication, or in those who were untreated, after the second @entity410 . A further 5% had @entity410 within the first year but remained @entity410 -free thereafter. With the exception of perinatal complications, which predicted against @entity410 remission, no other factors were found to significantly predict outcome in the cryptogenic group. SIGNIFICANCE: More than half of childhood nonidiopathic localization-related @entity302 is cryptogenic. This group has a significantly better long-term outcome than those with a symptomatic etiology, and should be distinguished from it.

title: A population-based study of long-term outcomes of cryptogenic XXXX in childhood: cryptogenic @entity302 is probably not symptomatic @entity302 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['afebrile seizure', 'seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['nonidiopathic focal epilepsy', 'focal epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'partial epilepsy syndromes']

answer: @entity1625 :: (MESH:D004828,Disease) :: ['focal epilepsy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare long-term outcome in a population-based group of @entity1 with cryptogenic versus symptomatic @entity1625 diagnosed from 1980 to 2004 and to define the course of @entity302 in the cryptogenic group. METHODS: We identified all @entity1 residing in Olmsted County, MN, 1 month through 17 years, with newly diagnosed, @entity1625 from 1980 to 2004. @entity1 with idiopathic @entity302 were excluded. Medical records were reviewed to determine etiology, results of imaging and EEG studies, treatments used, and long-term outcome. @entity1 were defined as having symptomatic @entity302 if they had a known genetic or structural/metabolic etiology, and as cryptogenic if they did not. KEY FINDINGS: Of 359 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity302 , 215 (60%) had @entity1625 . Of these, 206 (96%) were followed for > 12 months. Ninety-five @entity1 (46%) were classified as symptomatic. Median follow-up from diagnosis was similar in both groups, being 157 months (25%, 75%: 89, 233) in the cryptogenic group versus 134 months (25%, 75%: 78, 220) in the symptomatic group (p = 0.26). Of 111 cryptogenic cases, 66% had normal cognition. Long-term outcome was significantly better in those with cryptogenic versus symptomatic etiology (intractable @entity302 at last follow-up, 7% vs. 40%, p < 0.001; @entity410 freedom at last follow-up, 81% vs. 55%, p < 0.001). Of those who achieved @entity410 freedom at final follow-up, 68% of the cryptogenic group versus only 46% of the symptomatic group were off antiepileptic medications (p = 0.01). One-third of the cryptogenic group had a remarkably benign disorder, with no @entity410 seen after initiation of medication, or in those who were untreated, after the second @entity410 . A further 5% had @entity410 within the first year but remained @entity410 -free thereafter. With the exception of perinatal complications, which predicted against @entity410 remission, no other factors were found to significantly predict outcome in the cryptogenic group. SIGNIFICANCE: More than half of childhood nonidiopathic localization-related @entity302 is cryptogenic. This group has a significantly better long-term outcome than those with a symptomatic etiology, and should be distinguished from it.

title: A population-based study of long-term outcomes of cryptogenic @entity1625 in childhood: cryptogenic XXXX is probably not symptomatic @entity302 .

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare long-term outcome in a population-based group of @entity1 with cryptogenic versus symptomatic @entity1625 diagnosed from 1980 to 2004 and to define the course of @entity302 in the cryptogenic group. METHODS: We identified all @entity1 residing in Olmsted County, MN, 1 month through 17 years, with newly diagnosed, @entity1625 from 1980 to 2004. @entity1 with idiopathic @entity302 were excluded. Medical records were reviewed to determine etiology, results of imaging and EEG studies, treatments used, and long-term outcome. @entity1 were defined as having symptomatic @entity302 if they had a known genetic or structural/metabolic etiology, and as cryptogenic if they did not. KEY FINDINGS: Of 359 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity302 , 215 (60%) had @entity1625 . Of these, 206 (96%) were followed for > 12 months. Ninety-five @entity1 (46%) were classified as symptomatic. Median follow-up from diagnosis was similar in both groups, being 157 months (25%, 75%: 89, 233) in the cryptogenic group versus 134 months (25%, 75%: 78, 220) in the symptomatic group (p = 0.26). Of 111 cryptogenic cases, 66% had normal cognition. Long-term outcome was significantly better in those with cryptogenic versus symptomatic etiology (intractable @entity302 at last follow-up, 7% vs. 40%, p < 0.001; @entity410 freedom at last follow-up, 81% vs. 55%, p < 0.001). Of those who achieved @entity410 freedom at final follow-up, 68% of the cryptogenic group versus only 46% of the symptomatic group were off antiepileptic medications (p = 0.01). One-third of the cryptogenic group had a remarkably benign disorder, with no @entity410 seen after initiation of medication, or in those who were untreated, after the second @entity410 . A further 5% had @entity410 within the first year but remained @entity410 -free thereafter. With the exception of perinatal complications, which predicted against @entity410 remission, no other factors were found to significantly predict outcome in the cryptogenic group. SIGNIFICANCE: More than half of childhood nonidiopathic localization-related @entity302 is cryptogenic. This group has a significantly better long-term outcome than those with a symptomatic etiology, and should be distinguished from it.

title: A population-based study of long-term outcomes of cryptogenic @entity1625 in childhood: cryptogenic @entity302 is probably not symptomatic XXXX .

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: PURPOSE: Refined analysis of frequency doubling perimetric data was performed to assess binocular @entity227 in @entity1 with comparable degrees of bilateral @entity16 , to determine whether unilateral visual field loss is random, anatomically symmetric, or non-random in relation to the fellow eye. METHODS: Case control study of 41 consecutive @entity1 with bilaterally mild to severe @entity726 ; each @entity2194 was paired with randomly-selected co-isopteric left eye loci, performing 690,000 (10,000 complete sets of 69 loci) such iterations per subject. The potential role of anatomic symmetry in bilateral @entity227 was also assessed by pairing mirror-image loci of the right- and @entity2194 . The mean values of the random co-isopteric and the symmetric mirror pairings were compared with natural point-for-point pairings of the two eyes by paired t-test. RESULTS: Mean unilateral Matrix threshold across the entire 30-degree visual field were 17.0 dB left and 18.4 dB right (average 17.7). The better of the naturally paired concomitant loci yielded binocular equivalent mean bilateral Matrix threshold of 20.9 dB, 1.6 dB higher than the population mean of the 690,000 @entity13635 (t = -10.4; P < 10(-12)). Thus, a remarkable natural tendency for conservation of the binocular Matrix visual field was confirmed, far stronger than explicable by random chance. Symmetric pairings of precise mirror-image loci also produced values higher than random co-isopteric pairings (   1.1 dB; t = -4.0; P = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS: Refined data analysis of paired Matrix visual fields confirms the existence of a natural optimization of binocular visual function in severe @entity726 via interlocking fields that could only be created by CNS involvement. The disparity of paired Matrix threshold values at mirror-image loci was also highly nonrandom and quantitatively inverse from the expected if anatomic symmetry factors were merely passively contributing systematically to the compensatory binocular Matrix effect. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE: The paired eyes and brain are reaffirmed to function as a unified system in the progressive age-related @entity14827 chronic open @entity726 , maximizing the binocular visual field. Given the extensive homology of this disorder with other age-related neurodegenerations, it is reasonable to assume that the brain will similarly resist simultaneous bilateral loss of paired functional zones in both hemispheres in diseases like @entity191 . @entity735 at all stages of the disease appear to provide a highly accessible paired-organ study model for developing therapeutics to optimize conservation of function in @entity179 .

title: Refined Frequency Doubling Perimetry Analysis Reaffirms Central Nervous System Control of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['right eye visual field locus', 'left-eye fields']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field conservation']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous damage']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma', 'bilateral glaucoma', 'angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity14827 :: ('MESH:D020271', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative condition']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['Glaucomatous eyes']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorders']

entities_list: @entity13635 :: ('MESH:C537238', 'Disease') :: ['coisopteric pairings']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['Chronic Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration']


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to determine bio-psycho-social risk factors for @entity600 in a sample of Turkish @entity1 without @entity102 and evaluate their @entity148 and @entity308 in early postpartum period. BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is a devastating event with long-term health and social implications. Studies have identified several risk factors; however, the contribution of these causes differs by ethnic groups. DESIGN: This case-control study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Istanbul over one year. In total, 149 preterm mothers were included in the case group and 150 term mothers who delivered in the same day with a case group @entity1 were included in the control group. @entity102 and anomalies were excluded. METHOD: Data were gathered using a form that addressed risk factors for @entity600 . Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Beck @entity308 Inventory and Spielberger's State-Trait @entity148 Inventory were administered within 24-72 hours after birth. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis revealed that partner's lower education ( <= 8 years), history of @entity600 , antenatal hospitalisation, @entity281 and irregular prenatal care were significant risk factors. Perceived social support from family and friends were significantly lower in preterm group. Preterm mothers experienced significantly more @entity148 and @entity308 in early postpartum. CONCLUSION: Many of the socio-economical and obstetric causes of preterm births were similar to other countries with higher @entity600 rates. Preterm births were associated with lower social support along with more @entity148 and @entity308 in early postpartum. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: @entity1 who have established risk factors can be targeted for more intensive antenatal care for the prevention of @entity600 . Increased maternal @entity148 and @entity308 reveal the necessity of emotional support immediately after birth.

title: Biopsychosocial risk factors for @entity600 and postpartum emotional well-being: a case-control study on Turkish @entity1 without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illnesses', 'Chronic illnesses']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['genitourinary infection']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic illnesses']


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to determine bio-psycho-social risk factors for @entity600 in a sample of Turkish @entity1 without @entity102 and evaluate their @entity148 and @entity308 in early postpartum period. BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is a devastating event with long-term health and social implications. Studies have identified several risk factors; however, the contribution of these causes differs by ethnic groups. DESIGN: This case-control study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Istanbul over one year. In total, 149 preterm mothers were included in the case group and 150 term mothers who delivered in the same day with a case group @entity1 were included in the control group. @entity102 and anomalies were excluded. METHOD: Data were gathered using a form that addressed risk factors for @entity600 . Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Beck @entity308 Inventory and Spielberger's State-Trait @entity148 Inventory were administered within 24-72 hours after birth. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis revealed that partner's lower education ( <= 8 years), history of @entity600 , antenatal hospitalisation, @entity281 and irregular prenatal care were significant risk factors. Perceived social support from family and friends were significantly lower in preterm group. Preterm mothers experienced significantly more @entity148 and @entity308 in early postpartum. CONCLUSION: Many of the socio-economical and obstetric causes of preterm births were similar to other countries with higher @entity600 rates. Preterm births were associated with lower social support along with more @entity148 and @entity308 in early postpartum. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: @entity1 who have established risk factors can be targeted for more intensive antenatal care for the prevention of @entity600 . Increased maternal @entity148 and @entity308 reveal the necessity of emotional support immediately after birth.

title: Biopsychosocial risk factors for XXXX and postpartum emotional well-being: a case-control study on Turkish @entity1 without @entity102 .

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['preterm birth']


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to determine bio-psycho-social risk factors for @entity600 in a sample of Turkish @entity1 without @entity102 and evaluate their @entity148 and @entity308 in early postpartum period. BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is a devastating event with long-term health and social implications. Studies have identified several risk factors; however, the contribution of these causes differs by ethnic groups. DESIGN: This case-control study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Istanbul over one year. In total, 149 preterm mothers were included in the case group and 150 term mothers who delivered in the same day with a case group @entity1 were included in the control group. @entity102 and anomalies were excluded. METHOD: Data were gathered using a form that addressed risk factors for @entity600 . Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Beck @entity308 Inventory and Spielberger's State-Trait @entity148 Inventory were administered within 24-72 hours after birth. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis revealed that partner's lower education ( <= 8 years), history of @entity600 , antenatal hospitalisation, @entity281 and irregular prenatal care were significant risk factors. Perceived social support from family and friends were significantly lower in preterm group. Preterm mothers experienced significantly more @entity148 and @entity308 in early postpartum. CONCLUSION: Many of the socio-economical and obstetric causes of preterm births were similar to other countries with higher @entity600 rates. Preterm births were associated with lower social support along with more @entity148 and @entity308 in early postpartum. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: @entity1 who have established risk factors can be targeted for more intensive antenatal care for the prevention of @entity600 . Increased maternal @entity148 and @entity308 reveal the necessity of emotional support immediately after birth.

title: Biopsychosocial risk factors for @entity600 and postpartum emotional well-being: a case-control study on Turkish XXXX without @entity102 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: 1. @entity3787 radicals (. @entity2145 ) are thought to be generated at sites of @entity32 and to contribute to tissue damage. All anti-inflammatory drugs tested were able to scavenge . @entity2145 generated in free solution at almost diffusion-controlled rates (rate constants about 10(10)M-1s-1). 2. Much . @entity2145 generation in vivo occurs at specific sites, where bound metal ions (such as @entity8798 ) react with @entity274 to produce . @entity2145 that immediately attacks the site. Only . @entity2145 scavengers that have sufficient metal-binding ability to withdraw metal ions from this site can protect against site-specific damage. 3. All anti-inflammatory drugs tested were able to protect against site-specific damage by . @entity2145 in a simple model system in vitro. @entity2361 , @entity3522 , @entity5230 , @entity500 , @entity12433 , @entity503 and @entity6383 were especially effective. 4. The ability of an anti-inflammatory drug to protect against . @entity2145 formation in vivo depends not only on its rate constant for reaction with @entity2145 , but also on its metal-binding ability and on the geometry and redox potential of any metal complex formed.

title: The iron-binding and XXXX radical scavenging action of anti-inflammatory drugs.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5230 :: ('MESH:D010894', 'Chemical') :: ['piroxicam']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac sodium']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity2361 :: ('MESH:D010396', 'Chemical') :: ['Penicillamine']

entities_list: @entity6383 :: ('MESH:D006886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxychloroquine']

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydroxyl']

entities_list: @entity12433 :: ('MESH:D011319', 'Chemical') :: ['primaquine']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

answer: @entity3787 :: (MESH:D017665,Chemical) :: ['hydroxyl']


abstract: A novel microextraction technique based on membrane-protected multiwalled @entity505 nanotubes coated with molecularly imprinted polymer (MWCNTs-MIP) was developed. In this technique, MWCNTs-MIP were packed inside a @entity7502 membrane envelope, which was then clamped onto a paper clip. For extraction, the packed membrane envelope was first impregnated with @entity8336 and then placed in sample solutions. Target analytes in the solutions were first extracted into @entity8336 in the membrane envelope, and were then extracted specifically onto the MWCNTs-MIP. After the extraction, target analytes were desorbed in @entity1042 for liquid chromatography analysis. MWCNTs-MIP of prometryn were used as a model to demonstrate the feasibility of this novel microextraction technique. Factors affecting the extraction including organic solvent, stirring rate, extraction time, salt concentration, and pH were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection (a signal-to-noise ratio of 3) for the selected @entity21750 herbicides were 0.08-0.38  g/L. The prepared membrane envelope could be used at least 50 times. The developed method was used for the analysis of the @entity25730 spiked in river water, wastewater, and liquid milk, with recoveries ranging from 79.3-97.4, 58.9-110.3 and 76.2-104.9%, respectively.

title: Evaluation of a novel microextraction technique for aqueous samples: porous membrane envelope filled with multiwalled XXXX nanotubes coated with molecularly imprinted polymer.

entities_list: @entity21750 :: ('CHEBI:38056', 'Chemical') :: ['triazine']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity25730 :: ('MESH:D014227', 'Chemical') :: ['triazines']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: Interrelationships between pregnancy, @entity2298 , and @entity788 were assessed in three @entity1 with @entity3295 . One subject had known @entity3295 , @entity30176 , prior to conception. In this @entity1 a progressive increase in @entity412 levels to more than 3,000 mg/dl during the first two trimesters required dietary intervention and hospitalization at 28 weeks' gestation. Use of an isocaloric National Institutes of Health type V diet reduced @entity412 levels to less than 900 mg/dl; the pregnancy was uneventful with term delivery of a healthy neonate. The @entity3295 was covert in the other two @entity1 until term. In one subject, subsequently shown to have @entity14755 , @entity548 with a @entity9007 , and @entity3747 developed at 39 weeks' gestation; the neonate was safely delivered, and the mother survived. In the second, entirely asymptomatic subject, @entity412 levels greater than 5,000 mg/dl were discovered incidentally at term cesarean section during delivery of a healthy neonate. With a fat restricted diet, plasma @entity412 levels abruptly fell post partum to less than 500 mg/dl, and subsequent studies revealed @entity42000 . Routine quantitation of plasma @entity165 and @entity412 levels or simple visual examination of fasting plasma for @entity412 -induced @entity231 or "milky" appearance should be done during early pregnancy. This would allow the obstetrician to identify @entity1 with severe @entity3295 prior to the superimposition of the physiologic @entity407 of pregnancy upon @entity3295 with resultant, and often catastrophic, acute @entity788 .

title: XXXX , @entity3295 , and pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity14755 :: ('MESH:D028227', 'Disease') :: ['familial type V']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity42000 :: ('MESH:D006952', 'Disease') :: ['familial type III hyperlipoproteinemia']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic pseudocyst, shock']

entities_list: @entity30176 :: ('MESH:D006954', 'Disease') :: ['familial type V hyperlipoproteinemia']

entities_list: @entity3295 :: ('MESH:D006953', 'Disease') :: ['familial hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatitis']


abstract: Interrelationships between pregnancy, @entity2298 , and @entity788 were assessed in three @entity1 with @entity3295 . One subject had known @entity3295 , @entity30176 , prior to conception. In this @entity1 a progressive increase in @entity412 levels to more than 3,000 mg/dl during the first two trimesters required dietary intervention and hospitalization at 28 weeks' gestation. Use of an isocaloric National Institutes of Health type V diet reduced @entity412 levels to less than 900 mg/dl; the pregnancy was uneventful with term delivery of a healthy neonate. The @entity3295 was covert in the other two @entity1 until term. In one subject, subsequently shown to have @entity14755 , @entity548 with a @entity9007 , and @entity3747 developed at 39 weeks' gestation; the neonate was safely delivered, and the mother survived. In the second, entirely asymptomatic subject, @entity412 levels greater than 5,000 mg/dl were discovered incidentally at term cesarean section during delivery of a healthy neonate. With a fat restricted diet, plasma @entity412 levels abruptly fell post partum to less than 500 mg/dl, and subsequent studies revealed @entity42000 . Routine quantitation of plasma @entity165 and @entity412 levels or simple visual examination of fasting plasma for @entity412 -induced @entity231 or "milky" appearance should be done during early pregnancy. This would allow the obstetrician to identify @entity1 with severe @entity3295 prior to the superimposition of the physiologic @entity407 of pregnancy upon @entity3295 with resultant, and often catastrophic, acute @entity788 .

title: @entity788 , XXXX , and pregnancy.

answer: @entity3295 :: (MESH:D006953,Disease) :: ['familial hypertriglyceridemia']


abstract: Perfusion technology is a mechanical and @entity227 taught with didactic instruction combined with clinical experience. It is difficult to provide perfusion students the opportunity to experience difficult clinical situations, set up complex perfusion equipment, or observe corrective measures taken during catastrophic events because of @entity1 safety concerns. Although high fidelity simulators offer exciting opportunities for future perfusion training, we explore the use of a less costly low fidelity form of simulation instruction, vicarious @entity4207 . Two low fidelity modes of instruction; description with text and a vicarious, first @entity1 audiovisual production depicting the same content were compared. Students (n = 37) sampled from five North American perfusion schools were prospectively randomized to one of two online learning modules, text or video.These modules described the setup and operation of the MAQUET ROTAFLOW stand-alone centrifugal console and pump. Using a 10 question multiple-choice test, students were assessed immediately after viewing the module ( @entity5482 ) and then again 2 weeks later (test #2) to determine cognition and recall of the module content. In addition, students completed a questionnaire assessing the learning preferences of today's perfusion student. Mean test scores from @entity5482 for video learners (n = 18) were significantly higher (88.89%) than for text learners (n = 19) (74.74%), (p < .05). The same was true for test #2 where video learners (n = 10) had an average score of 77% while text learners (n = 9) scored 60% (p < .05). Survey results indicated video learners were more satisfied with their learning module than text learners. Vicarious @entity4207 modules may be an efficacious, low cost means of delivering perfusion training on subjects such as equipment setup and operation. Video learning appears to improve cognition and retention of learned content and may play an important role in how we teach perfusion in the future, as simulation technology becomes more prevalent.

title: Vicarious XXXX in perfusion education.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual science traditionally']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['audiovisual learning']

answer: @entity4207 :: (MESH:D007859,Disease) :: ['audiovisual learning']


abstract: Platelets play a crucial role in @entity715 , @entity32 , immunity and @entity731 . Antiplatelet agents are widely used in @entity1 with @entity1187 and other @entity65 . @entity117 and @entity1397 are the most commonly prescribed antiplatelet agents, with a relatively safe profile and efficiency in a variety of clinical conditions. Numerous prospective studies have revealed variability of antiplatelet efficacy. The so called "antiplatelet resistance" prompted a search for mechanisms implicated in poor responsiveness to @entity117 and @entity1397 therapy. In this regard, genetic polymorphisms in the platelet receptor genes attracted considerable interest. Specific genetic variants in platelet receptors such as the @entity3075 , glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa, @entity14315 /IIa, GPIb/IX/V and the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family of genes are associated with variable response to antiplatelet therapy and cardiovascular events. Genetic polymorphisms and haplotypes that comprehensively capture the genetic information encoded within the platelet receptor genes can, to some extent, predict response to the antiplatelet drug better than any single genotype. Genotyping for multiple receptor variants in patients on antiplatelet therapy, complemented by standardized quantification of platelet function, can provide useful information for future drug design studies and possibly for personalized antiplatelet therapy and prevention of @entity715 events. Additional information is, however, needed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of complex genetic and platelet function testing.

title: Platelet function and antiplatelet therapy in XXXX : implications of genetic polymorphisms.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disorders']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: @entity4198 ( @entity4199 ) is a direct-acting mutagen in bacteria, induces @entity1358 in male @entity19 , and is a potent reproductive toxicant in the male Fischer 344 (F-344) @entity35 . A dominant lethal assay was performed to examine the possibility that @entity4199 may be a germ cell mutagen in the F-344 male @entity35 . Groups of 40 @entity35 each were exposed to 0, 1000, or 3000 ppm @entity4199 6 hr/day for 5 consecutive days, or received a single ip injection of 0.2 mg @entity4200 ( @entity4201 )/kg as a positive control. Each male was bred to a single female weekly for 8 weeks, and the standard criteria of dominant lethal tests were recorded. Exposure to 1000 ppm @entity4199 caused no consistent change in any parameter relative to control values. TEM caused increases in pre- and postimplantation loss indices in Weeks 1 to 5 postexposure, corresponding to sperm exposed in the epididymis and as early to late stage spermatids in the testis. Exposure to 3000 ppm @entity4199 caused a slight increase in postimplantation loss at Week 1 postexposure only, i.e., in sperm exposed in the epididymis or vas deferens, and increases in preimplantation loss throughout the 8 weeks postexposure. Fertility of the 3000 ppm @entity4199 -exposed males was significantly decreased by Week 2 after exposure, and never recovered to control values during the period of observation. It is suggested that the increased preimplantation losses are due, at least in part, to cytotoxic rather than genotoxic effects. High concentrations of inhaled @entity4199 , however, do induce dominant lethal mutations (reflected as an increased level of postimplantation fetal @entity204 ) in sperm located within the vas deferens and epididymis at the time of exposure.

title: Reproductive effects of inhaled XXXX in the male Fischer 344 @entity35 . I. Mating performance and dominant lethal assay.

entities_list: @entity4198 :: ('MESH:D008737', 'Chemical') :: ['Methyl chloride']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4200 :: ('MESH:D014265', 'Chemical') :: ['triethylenemelamine']

answer: @entity4198 :: (MESH:D008737,Chemical) :: ['methyl chloride']


abstract: @entity4198 ( @entity4199 ) is a direct-acting mutagen in bacteria, induces @entity1358 in male @entity19 , and is a potent reproductive toxicant in the male Fischer 344 (F-344) @entity35 . A dominant lethal assay was performed to examine the possibility that @entity4199 may be a germ cell mutagen in the F-344 male @entity35 . Groups of 40 @entity35 each were exposed to 0, 1000, or 3000 ppm @entity4199 6 hr/day for 5 consecutive days, or received a single ip injection of 0.2 mg @entity4200 ( @entity4201 )/kg as a positive control. Each male was bred to a single female weekly for 8 weeks, and the standard criteria of dominant lethal tests were recorded. Exposure to 1000 ppm @entity4199 caused no consistent change in any parameter relative to control values. TEM caused increases in pre- and postimplantation loss indices in Weeks 1 to 5 postexposure, corresponding to sperm exposed in the epididymis and as early to late stage spermatids in the testis. Exposure to 3000 ppm @entity4199 caused a slight increase in postimplantation loss at Week 1 postexposure only, i.e., in sperm exposed in the epididymis or vas deferens, and increases in preimplantation loss throughout the 8 weeks postexposure. Fertility of the 3000 ppm @entity4199 -exposed males was significantly decreased by Week 2 after exposure, and never recovered to control values during the period of observation. It is suggested that the increased preimplantation losses are due, at least in part, to cytotoxic rather than genotoxic effects. High concentrations of inhaled @entity4199 , however, do induce dominant lethal mutations (reflected as an increased level of postimplantation fetal @entity204 ) in sperm located within the vas deferens and epididymis at the time of exposure.

title: Reproductive effects of inhaled @entity4198 in the male Fischer 344 XXXX . I. Mating performance and dominant lethal assay.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The role of @entity230 in the regulation of colonic @entity1372 transport was examined by infusing @entity230 into adrenalectomized (ADX) @entity35 and evaluating the short-circuit current (ISC) in vitro. @entity6478 -sensitive ISC was induced by @entity1369 and @entity2819 with half-maximal doses (ED50) of 2 and 260 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1), respectively. Synthetic glucocorticoids such as @entity1667 (33 mg/kg) and @entity619 (ED50 = 30 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1) were also effective. Supramaximal doses of @entity1369 (7.5 times ED50) for 24 h increased the total ISC (7-fold), the @entity6478 -sensitive ISC (366-fold), and the conductance (2-fold), as well as the @entity972 -stimulated phosphatase activity (2-fold) (reported previously). Compared with @entity1369 , supramaximal doses of @entity619 (4 times ED50) produced greater increases in the total ISC (15-fold) and the @entity6478 -sensitive ISC (674-fold). In contrast to @entity1369 , @entity619 also increased the @entity6478 -insensitive ISC (3-fold). Glucocorticoid action was not mediated by insulin since the ISC from diabetic ADX @entity35 was increased by @entity619 to a similar extent (11-fold) as in nondiabetic @entity35 . @entity53 , @entity1420 , and @entity251 did not stimulate the colonic ISC of ADX @entity35 . The ED50 values of @entity2819 and @entity1369 , measured in terms of @entity6478 -sensitive @entity1372 transport, produced serum levels that were slightly above those of unstressed, adrenal-intact animals and thus must be considered physiological. It is concluded that at physiological levels both @entity230 may mediate @entity6478 -sensitive @entity1372 transport in the @entity35 colon. However, as judged from changes in serum @entity134 levels, @entity1369 is the physiological regulator of elevated @entity1372 absorption in @entity1372 deficiency.

title: Regulation of @entity6478 -sensitive electrogenic @entity1372 transport in the @entity35 colon by XXXX hormones.

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity6478 :: ('MESH:D000584', 'Chemical') :: ['Amiloride', 'amiloride']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['Estradiol']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: The role of @entity230 in the regulation of colonic @entity1372 transport was examined by infusing @entity230 into adrenalectomized (ADX) @entity35 and evaluating the short-circuit current (ISC) in vitro. @entity6478 -sensitive ISC was induced by @entity1369 and @entity2819 with half-maximal doses (ED50) of 2 and 260 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1), respectively. Synthetic glucocorticoids such as @entity1667 (33 mg/kg) and @entity619 (ED50 = 30 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1) were also effective. Supramaximal doses of @entity1369 (7.5 times ED50) for 24 h increased the total ISC (7-fold), the @entity6478 -sensitive ISC (366-fold), and the conductance (2-fold), as well as the @entity972 -stimulated phosphatase activity (2-fold) (reported previously). Compared with @entity1369 , supramaximal doses of @entity619 (4 times ED50) produced greater increases in the total ISC (15-fold) and the @entity6478 -sensitive ISC (674-fold). In contrast to @entity1369 , @entity619 also increased the @entity6478 -insensitive ISC (3-fold). Glucocorticoid action was not mediated by insulin since the ISC from diabetic ADX @entity35 was increased by @entity619 to a similar extent (11-fold) as in nondiabetic @entity35 . @entity53 , @entity1420 , and @entity251 did not stimulate the colonic ISC of ADX @entity35 . The ED50 values of @entity2819 and @entity1369 , measured in terms of @entity6478 -sensitive @entity1372 transport, produced serum levels that were slightly above those of unstressed, adrenal-intact animals and thus must be considered physiological. It is concluded that at physiological levels both @entity230 may mediate @entity6478 -sensitive @entity1372 transport in the @entity35 colon. However, as judged from changes in serum @entity134 levels, @entity1369 is the physiological regulator of elevated @entity1372 absorption in @entity1372 deficiency.

title: Regulation of @entity6478 -sensitive electrogenic XXXX transport in the @entity35 colon by @entity134 hormones.

answer: @entity1372 :: (MESH:D012964,Chemical) :: ['sodium']


abstract: The role of @entity230 in the regulation of colonic @entity1372 transport was examined by infusing @entity230 into adrenalectomized (ADX) @entity35 and evaluating the short-circuit current (ISC) in vitro. @entity6478 -sensitive ISC was induced by @entity1369 and @entity2819 with half-maximal doses (ED50) of 2 and 260 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1), respectively. Synthetic glucocorticoids such as @entity1667 (33 mg/kg) and @entity619 (ED50 = 30 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1) were also effective. Supramaximal doses of @entity1369 (7.5 times ED50) for 24 h increased the total ISC (7-fold), the @entity6478 -sensitive ISC (366-fold), and the conductance (2-fold), as well as the @entity972 -stimulated phosphatase activity (2-fold) (reported previously). Compared with @entity1369 , supramaximal doses of @entity619 (4 times ED50) produced greater increases in the total ISC (15-fold) and the @entity6478 -sensitive ISC (674-fold). In contrast to @entity1369 , @entity619 also increased the @entity6478 -insensitive ISC (3-fold). Glucocorticoid action was not mediated by insulin since the ISC from diabetic ADX @entity35 was increased by @entity619 to a similar extent (11-fold) as in nondiabetic @entity35 . @entity53 , @entity1420 , and @entity251 did not stimulate the colonic ISC of ADX @entity35 . The ED50 values of @entity2819 and @entity1369 , measured in terms of @entity6478 -sensitive @entity1372 transport, produced serum levels that were slightly above those of unstressed, adrenal-intact animals and thus must be considered physiological. It is concluded that at physiological levels both @entity230 may mediate @entity6478 -sensitive @entity1372 transport in the @entity35 colon. However, as judged from changes in serum @entity134 levels, @entity1369 is the physiological regulator of elevated @entity1372 absorption in @entity1372 deficiency.

title: Regulation of XXXX -sensitive electrogenic @entity1372 transport in the @entity35 colon by @entity134 hormones.

answer: @entity6478 :: (MESH:D000584,Chemical) :: ['amiloride']


abstract: The role of @entity230 in the regulation of colonic @entity1372 transport was examined by infusing @entity230 into adrenalectomized (ADX) @entity35 and evaluating the short-circuit current (ISC) in vitro. @entity6478 -sensitive ISC was induced by @entity1369 and @entity2819 with half-maximal doses (ED50) of 2 and 260 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1), respectively. Synthetic glucocorticoids such as @entity1667 (33 mg/kg) and @entity619 (ED50 = 30 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1) were also effective. Supramaximal doses of @entity1369 (7.5 times ED50) for 24 h increased the total ISC (7-fold), the @entity6478 -sensitive ISC (366-fold), and the conductance (2-fold), as well as the @entity972 -stimulated phosphatase activity (2-fold) (reported previously). Compared with @entity1369 , supramaximal doses of @entity619 (4 times ED50) produced greater increases in the total ISC (15-fold) and the @entity6478 -sensitive ISC (674-fold). In contrast to @entity1369 , @entity619 also increased the @entity6478 -insensitive ISC (3-fold). Glucocorticoid action was not mediated by insulin since the ISC from diabetic ADX @entity35 was increased by @entity619 to a similar extent (11-fold) as in nondiabetic @entity35 . @entity53 , @entity1420 , and @entity251 did not stimulate the colonic ISC of ADX @entity35 . The ED50 values of @entity2819 and @entity1369 , measured in terms of @entity6478 -sensitive @entity1372 transport, produced serum levels that were slightly above those of unstressed, adrenal-intact animals and thus must be considered physiological. It is concluded that at physiological levels both @entity230 may mediate @entity6478 -sensitive @entity1372 transport in the @entity35 colon. However, as judged from changes in serum @entity134 levels, @entity1369 is the physiological regulator of elevated @entity1372 absorption in @entity1372 deficiency.

title: Regulation of @entity6478 -sensitive electrogenic @entity1372 transport in the XXXX colon by @entity134 hormones.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Recurrent @entity1151 ultimately may produce @entity1576 , severe @entity519 , and @entity120 . In many @entity1 this syndrome is silent in its initial phases, and when @entity2268 is present it is often unresponsive to anticoagulant therapy. Unless @entity358 is undertaken, most of these @entity1 characteristically succumb with severe @entity1576 . Twenty-five @entity1 with this syndrome have been evaluated at the Duke University Medical Center, and 14 were selected for elective @entity358 for relief of severe and incapacitating @entity338 . In each @entity1 preoperative pulmonary scans and arteriography demonstrated a high degree of @entity432 . The obstructing lesions affected both lungs in the majority of @entity1 . Bronchial arteriography was found to be a very valuable method for demonstrating patency of the pulmonary arteries distal to occluding lesions by retrograde filling through collateral vessels joining the bronchial and pulmonary circulations. Preoperatively radionuclide angiocardiography revealed severe right @entity67 with significantly depressed ejection fractions at rest and during exercise. Retrograde pulmonary arterial flow as shown by selective bronchial arteriography was excellent in ten @entity1 , fair in three, and absent in one. Long term follow-up indicated a clear relationship between the magnitude of arterial backflow at the time of embolectomy and the degree of clinical improvement. There were two perioperative @entity204 , one from massive reperfusion @entity548 and another from intractable @entity67 . Eleven @entity1 with this syndrome were unsuitable candidates for embolectomy and of these, nine had severe distal emboli diffusely spread in the small pulmonary arteries and not amenable to direct removal. One @entity1 had severe @entity67 with @entity120 (145/45 mmHg) and another was @entity28 with severe @entity712 and expired in the hospital a week later. In this group of 11 @entity1 , three succumbed and most of the others are currently totally debilitated at rest (NYHA Class IV). Long-term follow-up of the surgically managed @entity1 (1 to 15 years) shows that ten @entity1 improved from NYHA functional Class IV to either I or II, another @entity1 from Class III to Class I, and a final @entity1 was only minimally improved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Surgical management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['massively obese']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['progressive pulmonary hypertension', 'extreme pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2268 :: ('MESH:D013924', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophlebitis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary emboli']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolectomy']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['vascular occlusion']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular failure', 'ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['chronic pulmonary embolism']


abstract: The microbiology and treatment of @entity1546 was studied in 62 @entity1 , followed-up for 1 year. The clinical treatment and the radiological technique were standardized. One third of the @entity1 received no systemic antibiotics, one third received @entity11121 for 1 week, and one third for 3 months. On the average, 0-2 facultatively anaerobic and 4-6 anaerobic bacteria were isolated from periapical @entity281 . The genera Bacteroides and Fusobacterium in addition to anaerobic gram-positive cocci were found most frequently. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of @entity3397 against 269 strains were tested. 12 strains were resistant at the concentration 2.4 micrograms/ml, including 4 strains of Fusobacterium sp. All @entity1 were free of symptoms 1 month after the admission. Only 1 @entity1 failed to show any progress in radiological healing. No differences between the groups in relation to @entity114 therapy were found.

title: Bacteriology of odontogenic XXXX and effect of @entity114 treatment.

entities_list: @entity1546 :: ('MESH:D010485', 'Disease') :: ['apical periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['benzylpenicillin']

entities_list: @entity11121 :: ('MESH:D010404', 'Chemical') :: ['phenoxymethylpenicillin']

answer: @entity1546 :: (MESH:D010485,Disease) :: ['apical periodontitis']


abstract: The microbiology and treatment of @entity1546 was studied in 62 @entity1 , followed-up for 1 year. The clinical treatment and the radiological technique were standardized. One third of the @entity1 received no systemic antibiotics, one third received @entity11121 for 1 week, and one third for 3 months. On the average, 0-2 facultatively anaerobic and 4-6 anaerobic bacteria were isolated from periapical @entity281 . The genera Bacteroides and Fusobacterium in addition to anaerobic gram-positive cocci were found most frequently. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of @entity3397 against 269 strains were tested. 12 strains were resistant at the concentration 2.4 micrograms/ml, including 4 strains of Fusobacterium sp. All @entity1 were free of symptoms 1 month after the admission. Only 1 @entity1 failed to show any progress in radiological healing. No differences between the groups in relation to @entity114 therapy were found.

title: Bacteriology of odontogenic @entity1546 and effect of XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity114 :: (MESH:D010406,Chemical) :: ['penicillin']


abstract: During the 2-year period 1977 through 1979, 26 @entity1 with @entity4502 were seen at the Mayo Clinic and affiliated hospitals. The @entity1 ranged in age from 17 to 81 years with a median of 51 years. Twelve (46%) were immunologically compromised. Most of the other @entity1 had underlying chronic @entity286 @entity3617 . Hectic fever, cough, and @entity294 were common symptoms. Chest radiographs showed patchy perihilar infiltrates that often progressed to consolidation. Diagnosis was made by indirect fluorescent antibody testing in 15 @entity1 (58%), but in no case was the test diagnostic during the first week of illness. In seven @entity1 the diagnosis was established by positive direct flourescent antibody testing of lung tissue, in two cases by culture of lung tissue, and in one case each by direct fluorescent antibody positivity of sputum or bronchial washing. Of the 26 @entity1 , 3 (12%) required hemodialysis for @entity810 and 5 (19%) died. A favorable clinical response to therapy with @entity2929 was noted. The differential diagnosis of @entity4502 must include other @entity2028 , as well as @entity9463 , @entity4440 , @entity5131 . For critically ill @entity1 , open-lung biopsy may be necessary to provide a rapid diagnosis. Current evidence suggests that @entity2929 alone or in combination with @entity1215 is the treatment of choice. A 3-week course of therapy is recommended in order to prevent relapse.

title: XXXX : a review of the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of a newly recognized infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity9463 :: ('MESH:D009175', 'Disease') :: ['mycoplasma']

entities_list: @entity5131 :: ('MESH:D011024', 'Disease') :: ['Q fever, and viral pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity4502 :: ('MESH:D007877', 'Disease') :: ["Legionnaires' disease"]

entities_list: @entity4440 :: ('MESH:D009956', 'Disease') :: ['psittacosis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

entities_list: @entity2028 :: ('MESH:D018410', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial pneumonias']

answer: @entity4502 :: (MESH:D007877,Disease) :: ['Legionnaires' disease']


abstract: From 1983 to 1986 more than 2000 non-penicillinase producing @entity6368 from Amsterdam, The Hague and Rotterdam were auxotyped and screened for susceptibility to 10 antibiotics by MIC determination. By far the commonest auxotypes were N.R. (non-requiring; 40%) and Pro- ( @entity1521 requiring; 30%). During that period there was a substantial shift in the ratio of both auxotypes-roughly from 1:2 to 2:1-in The Hague. Pro- isolates were generally less susceptible than N.R. isolates, and there was a strong positive correlation between the MICs of the different drugs. The prevalence of isolates with a @entity114 MIC equal to or above 0.5 IU/ml amounted to 14%, while in only 1% was the MIC above 1 IU/ml. Comparing our results with an earlier study by Stolz, Zwarte _ Michel (1975, British Journal of @entity2953 51, 257-64), the level of resistance to @entity114 among non-PPNG has not significantly increased in The Netherlands since 1972. The prevalence of isolates showing relative resistance towards @entity803 and @entity10083 (MIC 2-4 mg/l) decreased from approximately 20% in 1983/84 to approximately 10% in 1985/86, coinciding with a drop in the prevalence of Pro- isolates. All strains were susceptible to @entity2261 and @entity6760 and highly susceptible to @entity3524 and @entity2177 .

title: Surveillance of the antibiotic susceptibility of non-penicillinase producing XXXX in The Netherlands from 1983 to 1986.

entities_list: @entity2261 :: ('MESH:D002444', 'Chemical') :: ['cefuroxime']

entities_list: @entity6368 :: ('485', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria gonorrhoeae']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['Venereal Diseases']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity10083 :: ('MESH:D013839', 'Chemical') :: ['thiamphenicol']

entities_list: @entity803 :: ('MESH:D013752', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracycline']

entities_list: @entity6760 :: ('MESH:D000198', 'Chemical') :: ['spectinomycin']

answer: @entity6368 :: (485,Species) :: ['Neisseria gonorrhoeae']


abstract: Paroxysmal @entity8684 is a rare, @entity2358 . Attacks occur spontaneously or may be induced by movement, @entity427 , or @entity148 . The movements are tonic, @entity3520 , or choreoathetotic. Sporadic and, more commonly, familial cases have been reported. Onset occurs most often during childhood, and the course is nonprogressive. Response to anticonvulsant therapy is usually excellent. Five cases of the sporadic form of paroxysmal @entity8684 are reported. Three of the five @entity1 had attacks after initiation of movements such as rising from a chair. Results of physical examination were normal in four @entity1 . One @entity1 had mild @entity5043 and @entity2915 . Results of laboratory studies, including determinations of serum @entity460 and ceruloplasmin levels, EEGs and CAT scans of the head, were normal. The attacks ceased in all @entity1 after treatment with either @entity3174 or @entity2049 .

title: Paroxysmal XXXX : report of five cases and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2358 :: ('MESH:D020820', 'Disease') :: ['involuntary movement disorder']

entities_list: @entity5043 :: ('MESH:D005150', 'Disease') :: ['hemiatrophy']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral hyper-reflexia']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity8684 :: ('MESH:D001264', 'Disease') :: ['choreoathetosis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity8684 :: (MESH:D001264,Disease) :: ['choreoathetosis']


abstract: Enterococci isolated from different body sites were tested for high-level @entity801 resistance. A total of 259 enterococcal isolates were screened for resistance (MIC, greater than 2,000 micrograms/ml) by a broth-tube method. Thirty-nine (15.1%) were found to exhibit resistance and were confirmed by agar screening (1,000 micrograms/ml) and agar dilution MIC determinations. The majority of isolates also showed high-level resistance to @entity7913 and @entity3639 . The remaining isolates showed high-level resistance to @entity801 and @entity7913 but not @entity3639 . Synergy testing of several isolates confirmed the correlation between lack of synergy and high-level resistance. A retrospective clinical review was performed. Most @entity1 had a source of @entity281 (79%). Serious infections such as @entity884 or @entity693 were not observed during the course of this study. Retrospective clinical data suggest that in cases not involving @entity884 or @entity693 , neither @entity281 refractory to therapy nor relapse of @entity281 is a common sequela of @entity281 with @entity801 -resistant enterococci in hospitalized @entity1 .

title: Multiply high-level-aminoglycoside-resistant enterococci isolated from XXXX in a university hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity7913 :: ('MESH:D007612', 'Chemical') :: ['kanamycin']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'definite or likely infection']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Cervical spine @entity1566 continue to be a major cause of @entity204 and disability for @entity130 victims. Motor vehicle @entity130 results in 500 to 650 @entity1688 @entity1 per year. Most of the @entity1 are cared for at Level I @entity130 centers which may not have a dedicated rehabilitation facility. Long-term rehabilitation, nursing care, and financial support remain difficult areas in the overall management of these @entity130 . Seventy-one cervical spine @entity174 @entity1 were admitted to this medical center over a 2-year period. Twenty-two @entity1 had a @entity16 , 15 @entity1688 @entity1 , and seven with @entity51 . @entity130 was the etiology in 14 @entity130 ; gunshot wounds in five; falls in three. Twelve of these 22 @entity1 had associated @entity130 , including chest and @entity1661 . Prolonged stays in the intensive care unit were common (avg. = 13.5 days). Bronchoscopy (8/22 @entity1 ) and @entity146 pulmonary care were constantly needed. Six @entity1 died in the intensive care unit. The average hospital stay of the survivors was 45 days. Three of the 16 surviving @entity1 were ventilator dependent at the time of discharge. Ten @entity1 were discharged to a rehabilitation center, one to a nursing home, and five went home (one on a ventilator). The total hospital charges were  1,250,000. No financial resources were available for five of the 16 surviving @entity1 . Four @entity1 had resources which covered less than 50% of the total charges. Average hospital charges for survivors were  50,370. Maximum reimbursement using all outlier days under DRG 5 would be  12,385. The financial support of initial hospitalization, rehabilitation, and nursing care for these @entity1688 @entity1 is a serious national health care issue.

title: Cervical XXXX --a public catastrophe.

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['quadriplegic']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic injury']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete deficits']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['cord injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'Vehicular trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: The adoptive transfer of specifically sensitized T lymphocytes can effectively mediate the regression of established local and @entity3 . Previous experiments using the weakly immunogenic MCA 105 @entity242 indicated that cellular interactions between transferred @entity1961 + helper and @entity3414 + cytotoxic immune T cells were necessary for mediating @entity5 regression. In this study, the kinetics of @entity1619 cell interactions were analyzed by in vivo depletion of T cell subsets with mAb. The anti- @entity5 efficacy of transferred immune cells was abrogated by in vivo administration of either @entity1961 or @entity3414 mAb on the day of cellular therapy. However, if mAb were given 3 days after the transfer of immune cells, depletion of @entity3414 + but not @entity1961 + cells abrogated anti- @entity5 efficacy. T cell depletion on day 6 after transfer of immune cells had no adverse effect on @entity5 regression, indicating the period required for T cell reactivity in vivo. Furthermore, depletion of Ia+ cells by in vivo mAb treatment abrogated the anti- @entity5 efficacy of immune cells. It is thus hypothesized that there are two distinct but sequential phases of in vivo T cell interactions leading to the regression of established @entity5 after adoptive immunotherapy. An initial "helper/inducer" phase apparently requires the interaction of @entity1961 + immune cells and the @entity5 Ag involving Ia+ cells. The inducement of @entity1961 + cell activation is to provide helper function via the secretion of @entity2047 . The second phase designated as an "effector phase" involves differentiation of immune @entity3414 + cells under the influence of @entity2047 secreted during the helper/inducer phase for generation of mature @entity3414 + effector cells. To further support the hypothesis of a two-phase process we have examined the phenotype and kinetics of @entity5 regression mediated by effector cells generated by secondary in vitro sensitization (IVS). Although the IVS cells were generated from fresh MCA 105 immune spleen cells, their anti- @entity5 efficacy was mediated solely by @entity3414 + lymphocytes. Kinetic studies revealed that the in vivo requirement of IVS @entity3414 + effector cells to mediate @entity5 regression was less than 3 days, and the anti- @entity5 reactivity of these cells was not affected by in vivo depletion of Ia+ cells. Thus, the IVS reaction is likely representative of the in vivo counterpart of the helper/inducer phase leading to the generation of mature @entity3414 + immune effector cells. Tumor regression after transfer of @entity3414 + cells generated in IVS therefore required a relatively shorter period of time than that required after the transfer of fresh noncultured MCA 105 immune spleen cells.

title: Cellular basis of immunologic interactions in adoptive T cell therapy of established metastases from a syngeneic murine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']