abstract: UNASSIGNED: Glutamatergic neurotransmission is evolutionarily conserved across animal phyla. A major class of @entity3264 receptors are the metabotropic @entity3264 receptors (mGluRs). In @entity2199 three mGluR genes @entity72163 , @entity72164 and @entity72165 are organised into three sub-groups, similar to their @entity1 counterparts. Cellular reporters identified expression of the mgls in the nervous system of @entity2199 and overlapping expression in the pharyngeal microcircuit that controls pharyngeal muscle activity and feeding behaviour. The overlapping expression of mgls within this circuit allowed investigation of receptor signalling per se and in the context of receptor interactions within a neural network that regulates feeding. We utilized the pharmacological manipulation of neuronally regulated pumping of the pharyngeal muscle in wild type and mutants to investigate mgl function. This defined a net @entity72163 dependent inhibition of pharyngeal pumping which is modulated by @entity72165 excitation. Optogenetic activation of the pharyngeal glutamatergic inputs combined with electrophysiological recordings from the isolated pharyngeal preparations provided further evidence for a presynaptic @entity72163 dependent regulation of pharyngeal activity. Analysis of @entity72163 , @entity72164 and @entity72165 mutant feeding behaviour in the intact organism after acute food removal identified a significant role for @entity72163 in the regulation of an adaptive feeding response. Our data describes the molecular and cellular organisation of @entity72163 , @entity72164 and @entity72165 . Pharmacological analysis identified that in these paradigms @entity72163 and @entity72165 , but not @entity72164 , can modulate the pharyngeal microcircuit. Behavioural analysis identified @entity72163 as a significant determinant of the @entity3264 -dependent modulation of feeding, further highlighting the significance of mGluRs in complex @entity2199 behaviour.

title: Metabotropic XXXX receptors: modulators of context-dependent feeding behaviour in @entity2199 .

answer: @entity3264 :: (D018698,Chemical) :: ['glutamate']


abstract: In the present investigation the frequency of oral @entity1066 and @entity158 in 161 orthodontic @entity1 was recorded. Of all @entity1 , 95% had experienced @entity158 , but 84.5% said that the @entity158 lasted a few days only. About 11% maintained that the treatment was constantly painful. Significantly more @entity1 coming from private clinics complained of @entity158 than those attending treatment at the Department of Orthodontics. About 50% said that activating or changing archwire was most annoying, whereas 28.7% said @entity1066 and 21% said headgear was the most annoying part of the treatment. According to 75% of the @entity1 , sleeping habits were not influenced. Only eight @entity1 reported truancy, and seven of these had done this only once. Of all @entity1 , 6.2% had requested interim visits. Small wounds caused by the fixed appliance were reported by 75.8% of the @entity1 , and 2.5% had suffered badly from @entity1066 caused by the fixed appliances. More @entity1 than @entity1 reported @entity1066 . There was a significant sex difference as regards recurrent aphthous @entity1066 (RAU). Increase in the frequency of RAU was reported by 23.1% of the @entity1 and 9.6% of the @entity1 while they had fixed appliances.

title: Traumatic XXXX and @entity158 during orthodontic treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcers', 'ulceration']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcers']


abstract: In the present investigation the frequency of oral @entity1066 and @entity158 in 161 orthodontic @entity1 was recorded. Of all @entity1 , 95% had experienced @entity158 , but 84.5% said that the @entity158 lasted a few days only. About 11% maintained that the treatment was constantly painful. Significantly more @entity1 coming from private clinics complained of @entity158 than those attending treatment at the Department of Orthodontics. About 50% said that activating or changing archwire was most annoying, whereas 28.7% said @entity1066 and 21% said headgear was the most annoying part of the treatment. According to 75% of the @entity1 , sleeping habits were not influenced. Only eight @entity1 reported truancy, and seven of these had done this only once. Of all @entity1 , 6.2% had requested interim visits. Small wounds caused by the fixed appliance were reported by 75.8% of the @entity1 , and 2.5% had suffered badly from @entity1066 caused by the fixed appliances. More @entity1 than @entity1 reported @entity1066 . There was a significant sex difference as regards recurrent aphthous @entity1066 (RAU). Increase in the frequency of RAU was reported by 23.1% of the @entity1 and 9.6% of the @entity1 while they had fixed appliances.

title: Traumatic @entity1066 and XXXX during orthodontic treatment.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: The effect of curcumin pretreatment (15-240   M) in fathead minnow cells infected with @entity14595 virus (VHSV) was evaluated. Cell viability, apoptosis and viral copy number were analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, @entity4404 staining, and reverse transcription-PCR, respectively. Pretreatment with 120   M curcumin showed an increase in viability (>90% of mock) of VHSV-infected cells and reduction in the copy number (0.2-log reduction in VHSV N gene expression), reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in the cells without cytotoxic effects. To understand the mechanisms underlaying the antiviral effects of curcumin pretreatment, a comparative proteomic analysis was performed in four samples (M, mock; C, curcumin-treated; V, VHSV-infected; and CV, curcumin-treated VHSV-infected) in triplicate. In total, 185 proteins were detected. The analysis showed that three proteins, including @entity1457 cognate 71 ( @entity9487 ), actin, alpha cardiac muscle ( @entity42696 ) and elongation factor 1 ( @entity1093 ) were differentially expressed between V and CV samples. Network analysis performed by Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) showed that @entity9487 was the primary protein interacting with fibronectin (FN) 1, actins ( @entity14875 , @entity10282 , F-actin) and @entity19330 (GSN) in both V and CV samples and thus is a strong target candidate for the protection from @entity14595 at the viral entry stage. Our proteomics data suggest that curcumin pretreatment inhibits entry of VHSV in cells by downregulating @entity8946 or upregulating F-actin. For both proteins, @entity9487 acts as a binding protein that modulates their functions. Furthermore, consistent with the effect of a @entity1457 protein inhibitor (KNK437), curcumin downregulated @entity9487 expression with increasing viability of VHSV-infected cells and inhibited VHSV replication, suggesting that the downregulation of @entity9487 could be responsible for the antiviral activity of curcumin. In conclusion, this study indicates that the suppression of viral entry by rearrangement of the F-actin/G-actin ratio via downregulating @entity9487 is a plausible mechanism by which curcumin pretreatment controls the early stages of @entity14595 .

title: Identification of regulators of the early stage of XXXX virus infection during curcumin treatment.

entities_list: @entity14595 :: ('MESH:D031941', 'Disease') :: ['viral hemorrhagic septicemia', 'VHSV infection']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

answer: @entity14595 :: (MESH:D031941,Disease) :: ['viral hemorrhagic septicemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between two polymorphisms immediately upstream of the @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) gene and @entity1468 in a South West Han Chinese population. METHODS: Blood samples from 205 @entity1 with @entity1468 and 276 normal pregnant @entity1 as controls from Han Chinese in Chengdu area were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: G and A allele frequencies for @entity50802 site were 48.54% and 51.46% in the @entity1 group, respectively, and 40.40% and 59.60% in the control group, respectively. G and C allele frequencies for @entity17530 site were 94.15% and 5.85% in the case group, respectively, and 94.38% and 5.62% in the control group, respectively. The AA genotype and variant A allelic frequencies of the @entity50802 SNP were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 than in the control group (P<0.05), and the odds ratio for the risk of @entity1468 was 0.665 (95% CI: 0.444-0.982) in @entity1 homozygous for the variant @entity3840 A allele ( x2=4.233, P=0.047). The genotype and allele frequencies of the @entity17530 polymorphism in @entity1 with @entity1468 and controls showed no significant differences (P>0.05). Additional subgroup analyses (mild vs severe @entity1468 ) of the two polymorphisms failed to reveal significant correlation for either genotypic or allelic frequencies. Furthermore, there was no significant association between the polymorphisms and blood pressure levels in the @entity1 or control groups. CONCLUSION: @entity3840 -1195A homozygosity is associated with a decreased risk for @entity1468 in a South West Han Chinese population. On the other hand, the @entity17530 polymorphism has no effect.

title: [Association study between @entity17530 and XXXX functional polymorphisms in the @entity3840 gene and risk of @entity1468 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

answer: @entity50802 :: (c|SUB|G|-1195|A,DNAMutation) :: ['-1195G>A']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between two polymorphisms immediately upstream of the @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) gene and @entity1468 in a South West Han Chinese population. METHODS: Blood samples from 205 @entity1 with @entity1468 and 276 normal pregnant @entity1 as controls from Han Chinese in Chengdu area were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: G and A allele frequencies for @entity50802 site were 48.54% and 51.46% in the @entity1 group, respectively, and 40.40% and 59.60% in the control group, respectively. G and C allele frequencies for @entity17530 site were 94.15% and 5.85% in the case group, respectively, and 94.38% and 5.62% in the control group, respectively. The AA genotype and variant A allelic frequencies of the @entity50802 SNP were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 than in the control group (P<0.05), and the odds ratio for the risk of @entity1468 was 0.665 (95% CI: 0.444-0.982) in @entity1 homozygous for the variant @entity3840 A allele ( x2=4.233, P=0.047). The genotype and allele frequencies of the @entity17530 polymorphism in @entity1 with @entity1468 and controls showed no significant differences (P>0.05). Additional subgroup analyses (mild vs severe @entity1468 ) of the two polymorphisms failed to reveal significant correlation for either genotypic or allelic frequencies. Furthermore, there was no significant association between the polymorphisms and blood pressure levels in the @entity1 or control groups. CONCLUSION: @entity3840 -1195A homozygosity is associated with a decreased risk for @entity1468 in a South West Han Chinese population. On the other hand, the @entity17530 polymorphism has no effect.

title: [Association study between @entity17530 and @entity50802 functional polymorphisms in the @entity3840 gene and risk of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between two polymorphisms immediately upstream of the @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) gene and @entity1468 in a South West Han Chinese population. METHODS: Blood samples from 205 @entity1 with @entity1468 and 276 normal pregnant @entity1 as controls from Han Chinese in Chengdu area were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: G and A allele frequencies for @entity50802 site were 48.54% and 51.46% in the @entity1 group, respectively, and 40.40% and 59.60% in the control group, respectively. G and C allele frequencies for @entity17530 site were 94.15% and 5.85% in the case group, respectively, and 94.38% and 5.62% in the control group, respectively. The AA genotype and variant A allelic frequencies of the @entity50802 SNP were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 than in the control group (P<0.05), and the odds ratio for the risk of @entity1468 was 0.665 (95% CI: 0.444-0.982) in @entity1 homozygous for the variant @entity3840 A allele ( x2=4.233, P=0.047). The genotype and allele frequencies of the @entity17530 polymorphism in @entity1 with @entity1468 and controls showed no significant differences (P>0.05). Additional subgroup analyses (mild vs severe @entity1468 ) of the two polymorphisms failed to reveal significant correlation for either genotypic or allelic frequencies. Furthermore, there was no significant association between the polymorphisms and blood pressure levels in the @entity1 or control groups. CONCLUSION: @entity3840 -1195A homozygosity is associated with a decreased risk for @entity1468 in a South West Han Chinese population. On the other hand, the @entity17530 polymorphism has no effect.

title: [Association study between @entity17530 and @entity50802 functional polymorphisms in the XXXX gene and risk of @entity1468 ].

answer: @entity3840 :: (5743,Gene) :: ['cyclooxygenase 2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between two polymorphisms immediately upstream of the @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ) gene and @entity1468 in a South West Han Chinese population. METHODS: Blood samples from 205 @entity1 with @entity1468 and 276 normal pregnant @entity1 as controls from Han Chinese in Chengdu area were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: G and A allele frequencies for @entity50802 site were 48.54% and 51.46% in the @entity1 group, respectively, and 40.40% and 59.60% in the control group, respectively. G and C allele frequencies for @entity17530 site were 94.15% and 5.85% in the case group, respectively, and 94.38% and 5.62% in the control group, respectively. The AA genotype and variant A allelic frequencies of the @entity50802 SNP were significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 than in the control group (P<0.05), and the odds ratio for the risk of @entity1468 was 0.665 (95% CI: 0.444-0.982) in @entity1 homozygous for the variant @entity3840 A allele ( x2=4.233, P=0.047). The genotype and allele frequencies of the @entity17530 polymorphism in @entity1 with @entity1468 and controls showed no significant differences (P>0.05). Additional subgroup analyses (mild vs severe @entity1468 ) of the two polymorphisms failed to reveal significant correlation for either genotypic or allelic frequencies. Furthermore, there was no significant association between the polymorphisms and blood pressure levels in the @entity1 or control groups. CONCLUSION: @entity3840 -1195A homozygosity is associated with a decreased risk for @entity1468 in a South West Han Chinese population. On the other hand, the @entity17530 polymorphism has no effect.

title: [Association study between XXXX and @entity50802 functional polymorphisms in the @entity3840 gene and risk of @entity1468 ].

answer: @entity17530 :: (c|SUB|G|-765|C,DNAMutation) :: ['-765G>C']


abstract: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is the most frequent and @entity1313 . Conventional therapy of surgical removal, radiation and chemotherapy is largely palliative. @entity3173 ( @entity3173 ), the main component of the vault organelle has been associated with multidrug resistance by reducing cellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents. With regard to @entity5 , @entity3173 has been shown to be overexpressed in drug resistance development and malignant progression. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the @entity3173 gene dosage levels in 113 archival samples from @entity463 and its correlation with @entity1 ' survival and @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and phosphatase and tensin homolog ( @entity983 ) gene dosages. Fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed polysomy of chromosome 7 in 76.1% of the GBMs and @entity470 amplification in a 64.6% of the @entity5 . Genetic status of @entity470 , @entity983 and @entity3173 copies was determined by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique. 31% of the @entity5 showed the @entity470 is variant III mutation (EGFRvIII) mutation and 74.3% of them presented amplification of @entity3173 gene. Amplification of @entity470 and @entity3173 was found in a 63.7% and 56.6% of the @entity463 , respectively. An inverse correlation between @entity3173 and @entity983 dosage values was observed. Besides, an inverse relationship between the survival of the @entity1 treated with chemotherapy and the levels of @entity3173 copies was determined. In conclusion, our study reveals an important role of @entity3173 , together with EGFRvIII and @entity983 , in the progression of @entity463 and proposes it as a novel and interesting target for new treatment approaches.

title: Alteration of major vault protein in @entity1 XXXX and its relation with @entity470 and @entity983 status.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['malignant primary brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFR']

entities_list: @entity3173 :: ('MESH:D004830', 'Disease') :: ['Major vault protein', 'MVP']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'Glioblastoma']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is the most frequent and @entity1313 . Conventional therapy of surgical removal, radiation and chemotherapy is largely palliative. @entity3173 ( @entity3173 ), the main component of the vault organelle has been associated with multidrug resistance by reducing cellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents. With regard to @entity5 , @entity3173 has been shown to be overexpressed in drug resistance development and malignant progression. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the @entity3173 gene dosage levels in 113 archival samples from @entity463 and its correlation with @entity1 ' survival and @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and phosphatase and tensin homolog ( @entity983 ) gene dosages. Fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed polysomy of chromosome 7 in 76.1% of the GBMs and @entity470 amplification in a 64.6% of the @entity5 . Genetic status of @entity470 , @entity983 and @entity3173 copies was determined by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique. 31% of the @entity5 showed the @entity470 is variant III mutation (EGFRvIII) mutation and 74.3% of them presented amplification of @entity3173 gene. Amplification of @entity470 and @entity3173 was found in a 63.7% and 56.6% of the @entity463 , respectively. An inverse correlation between @entity3173 and @entity983 dosage values was observed. Besides, an inverse relationship between the survival of the @entity1 treated with chemotherapy and the levels of @entity3173 copies was determined. In conclusion, our study reveals an important role of @entity3173 , together with EGFRvIII and @entity983 , in the progression of @entity463 and proposes it as a novel and interesting target for new treatment approaches.

title: Alteration of major vault protein in @entity1 @entity463 and its relation with XXXX and @entity983 status.

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['EGFR']


abstract: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is the most frequent and @entity1313 . Conventional therapy of surgical removal, radiation and chemotherapy is largely palliative. @entity3173 ( @entity3173 ), the main component of the vault organelle has been associated with multidrug resistance by reducing cellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents. With regard to @entity5 , @entity3173 has been shown to be overexpressed in drug resistance development and malignant progression. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the @entity3173 gene dosage levels in 113 archival samples from @entity463 and its correlation with @entity1 ' survival and @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and phosphatase and tensin homolog ( @entity983 ) gene dosages. Fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed polysomy of chromosome 7 in 76.1% of the GBMs and @entity470 amplification in a 64.6% of the @entity5 . Genetic status of @entity470 , @entity983 and @entity3173 copies was determined by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique. 31% of the @entity5 showed the @entity470 is variant III mutation (EGFRvIII) mutation and 74.3% of them presented amplification of @entity3173 gene. Amplification of @entity470 and @entity3173 was found in a 63.7% and 56.6% of the @entity463 , respectively. An inverse correlation between @entity3173 and @entity983 dosage values was observed. Besides, an inverse relationship between the survival of the @entity1 treated with chemotherapy and the levels of @entity3173 copies was determined. In conclusion, our study reveals an important role of @entity3173 , together with EGFRvIII and @entity983 , in the progression of @entity463 and proposes it as a novel and interesting target for new treatment approaches.

title: Alteration of major vault protein in @entity1 @entity463 and its relation with @entity470 and XXXX status.

answer: @entity983 :: (5728,Gene) :: ['PTEN']


abstract: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is the most frequent and @entity1313 . Conventional therapy of surgical removal, radiation and chemotherapy is largely palliative. @entity3173 ( @entity3173 ), the main component of the vault organelle has been associated with multidrug resistance by reducing cellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents. With regard to @entity5 , @entity3173 has been shown to be overexpressed in drug resistance development and malignant progression. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the @entity3173 gene dosage levels in 113 archival samples from @entity463 and its correlation with @entity1 ' survival and @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and phosphatase and tensin homolog ( @entity983 ) gene dosages. Fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed polysomy of chromosome 7 in 76.1% of the GBMs and @entity470 amplification in a 64.6% of the @entity5 . Genetic status of @entity470 , @entity983 and @entity3173 copies was determined by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique. 31% of the @entity5 showed the @entity470 is variant III mutation (EGFRvIII) mutation and 74.3% of them presented amplification of @entity3173 gene. Amplification of @entity470 and @entity3173 was found in a 63.7% and 56.6% of the @entity463 , respectively. An inverse correlation between @entity3173 and @entity983 dosage values was observed. Besides, an inverse relationship between the survival of the @entity1 treated with chemotherapy and the levels of @entity3173 copies was determined. In conclusion, our study reveals an important role of @entity3173 , together with EGFRvIII and @entity983 , in the progression of @entity463 and proposes it as a novel and interesting target for new treatment approaches.

title: Alteration of major vault protein in XXXX @entity463 and its relation with @entity470 and @entity983 status.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Objective. To assess the diagnostic performance of a T1-independent, T2(*)-corrected multiecho magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for the quantification of @entity1560 in a cohort of @entity1 affected by chronic @entity10745 , using liver biopsy as gold standard. Methods. Eighty-one untreated @entity1 with chronic @entity10745 were prospectively enrolled. All included @entity1 underwent MRI, transient elastography, and liver biopsy within a time interval <10 days. Results. Our cohort of 77 @entity1 included 43/77 (55.8%) males and 34/77 (44.2%) females with a mean age of 51.31    11.27 (18-81) years. The median MRI PDFF showed a strong correlation with the histological fat fraction (FF) (r = 0.754, 95% CI 0.637 to 0.836, P < 0.0001), and the correlation was influenced by neither the liver stiffness nor the T2(*) decay. The median MRI PDFF result was significantly lower in the F4 subgroup (P < 0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of MRI PDFF evaluated by AUC-ROC analysis was 0.926 (95% CI 0.843 to 0.973) for S >=  1 and 0.929 (95% CI 0.847 to 0.975) for S = 2. Conclusions. Our MRI technique of PDFF estimation allowed discriminating with a good diagnostic accuracy between different grades of @entity1560 .

title: Diagnostic value of MRI proton density fat fraction for assessing XXXX in chronic @entity10745 .

entities_list: @entity10745 :: ('MESH:D006526', 'Disease') :: ['viral C hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic steatosis']

answer: @entity1560 :: (MESH:D005234,Disease) :: ['liver steatosis']


abstract: Objective. To assess the diagnostic performance of a T1-independent, T2(*)-corrected multiecho magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for the quantification of @entity1560 in a cohort of @entity1 affected by chronic @entity10745 , using liver biopsy as gold standard. Methods. Eighty-one untreated @entity1 with chronic @entity10745 were prospectively enrolled. All included @entity1 underwent MRI, transient elastography, and liver biopsy within a time interval <10 days. Results. Our cohort of 77 @entity1 included 43/77 (55.8%) males and 34/77 (44.2%) females with a mean age of 51.31    11.27 (18-81) years. The median MRI PDFF showed a strong correlation with the histological fat fraction (FF) (r = 0.754, 95% CI 0.637 to 0.836, P < 0.0001), and the correlation was influenced by neither the liver stiffness nor the T2(*) decay. The median MRI PDFF result was significantly lower in the F4 subgroup (P < 0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of MRI PDFF evaluated by AUC-ROC analysis was 0.926 (95% CI 0.843 to 0.973) for S >=  1 and 0.929 (95% CI 0.847 to 0.975) for S = 2. Conclusions. Our MRI technique of PDFF estimation allowed discriminating with a good diagnostic accuracy between different grades of @entity1560 .

title: Diagnostic value of MRI proton density fat fraction for assessing @entity1560 in chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity10745 :: (MESH:D006526,Disease) :: ['viral C hepatitis']


abstract: The aims of this study were first to clearly define two different entities: locoregional recurrences and limited metastatic disease and secondly to evaluate the place of extensive surgery in these two types of recurrence. Material and Methods. Twenty-four @entity1 were followed from June 2004 until May 2014. All @entity1 underwent surgery but for 1 @entity1 this surgery was stopped because the @entity5 was unresectable. Results. The median interval between surgery for the primary @entity5 and the locoregional recurrence or metastatic evolution was 129 months. Eight @entity1 had pure nodal recurrences, 4 had nodal and muscular recurrences, 5 had muscular + skin recurrences, and 8 had metastatic evolution. Currently, all @entity1 are still alive but 2 have liver @entity3 . Disease free survival was measured at 2 years and extrapolated at 5 years and was 92% at these two time points. No difference was observed for young or older @entity1 ; limited metastatic evolution and locoregional recurrence exhibited the same disease free survival. Conclusion. Extensive surgery has a place in locoregional and limited metastatic @entity0 recurrences but this option must absolutely be integrated in the multidisciplinary strategy of therapeutic options and needs to be planned with a curative intent.

title: The place of extensive surgery in locoregional recurrence and limited metastatic disease of XXXX : preliminary results.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Monocytes (Mon) and Mon-derived macrophages (Mac) orchestrate important oxidative and inflammatory reactions in @entity731 by secreting reactive oxygen species (ROS) due, in large part, to the upregulated NADPH oxidases (Nox). The Nox enzymes have been extensively investigated in @entity1 Mon and Mac. However, the expression and functional significance of the @entity33693 subtypes is not known. We aimed at elucidating whether @entity33693 is expressed in @entity1 Mon and Mac, and examine its potential role in @entity731 . @entity1 monocytic THP-1 cell line and @entity5750 (+) Mon were employed to search for @entity33693 expression. RT-PCR, Western blot, lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and dihydroethidium assays were utilized to examine @entity33693 in these cells. We found that @entity33693 transcription variants and proteins are constitutively expressed in THP-1 cells and primary @entity5750 (+) Mon. Silencing of @entity33693 protein expression by siRNA reduced the Ca(2+)-dependent Nox activity and the formation of ROS in Mac induced by A23187, a selective Ca(2+) ionophore. Exposure of Mac to increasing concentrations of IFNy (5-100  ng/ml) or oxidized LDL (5-100   g/ml) resulted in a dose-dependent increase in @entity33693 protein expression and elevation in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that @entity33693 is present in @entity469 (+) Mac-rich area within @entity1 carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence that @entity33693 is constitutively expressed in @entity1 Mon. Induction of @entity33693 expression in IFNy- and oxidized LDL-exposed Mac and the presence of @entity33693 in Mac-rich @entity1856 are indicative of the implication of @entity33693 in atherogenesis.

title: @entity1 monocytes and macrophages express NADPH oxidase 5; a potential source of reactive oxygen species in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: Monocytes (Mon) and Mon-derived macrophages (Mac) orchestrate important oxidative and inflammatory reactions in @entity731 by secreting reactive oxygen species (ROS) due, in large part, to the upregulated NADPH oxidases (Nox). The Nox enzymes have been extensively investigated in @entity1 Mon and Mac. However, the expression and functional significance of the @entity33693 subtypes is not known. We aimed at elucidating whether @entity33693 is expressed in @entity1 Mon and Mac, and examine its potential role in @entity731 . @entity1 monocytic THP-1 cell line and @entity5750 (+) Mon were employed to search for @entity33693 expression. RT-PCR, Western blot, lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and dihydroethidium assays were utilized to examine @entity33693 in these cells. We found that @entity33693 transcription variants and proteins are constitutively expressed in THP-1 cells and primary @entity5750 (+) Mon. Silencing of @entity33693 protein expression by siRNA reduced the Ca(2+)-dependent Nox activity and the formation of ROS in Mac induced by A23187, a selective Ca(2+) ionophore. Exposure of Mac to increasing concentrations of IFNy (5-100  ng/ml) or oxidized LDL (5-100   g/ml) resulted in a dose-dependent increase in @entity33693 protein expression and elevation in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that @entity33693 is present in @entity469 (+) Mac-rich area within @entity1 carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence that @entity33693 is constitutively expressed in @entity1 Mon. Induction of @entity33693 expression in IFNy- and oxidized LDL-exposed Mac and the presence of @entity33693 in Mac-rich @entity1856 are indicative of the implication of @entity33693 in atherogenesis.

title: XXXX monocytes and macrophages express NADPH oxidase 5; a potential source of reactive oxygen species in @entity731 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: @entity2976 is a severe complication after CAPD treatment. The visceral peritoneum is thickened and interenteric adhesive parts are found. Myofibroblasts are proliferated and the collageneous tissue is hyperplastic. The mean clinical symptom is the mechanical obstruction of the small bowel. We observed this illness in three out of sixty @entity1 under CAPD. These @entity1 had higher incidence of @entity298 . In the ascites high concentrations of PG E2 and Thromboxan B2 were observed. After treatment of the infection the concentrations fell down to normal values. Electronoptical observations from peritoneal biopsies showed a proliferation of myofibroblasts and extracellular lysosomes. It is known from these lysosomes that they are able to set free proteasis. These lead to degredation of fibrin and fibrinogen. These splits are mitogen to myofibroblasts. release from HIT cells could also be evoked by the sulphonylureas @entity5217 and @entity11243 and by an increase in concentration of extracellular K+ to 40 mmol/l. The content of @entity1919 in HIT cells was increased modestly by @entity413 but not by an increase in extracellular K+. @entity1928 elicited a 4-fold increase in @entity1919 content. We conclude that HIT cells retain the essential features of the insulin secretory response of normal B cells and represent an important tool for further biochemical characterisation of the secretory system.

title: [ XXXX following continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis].

entities_list: @entity2976 :: ('MESH:D056627', 'Disease') :: ['Sclerosing peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity5217 :: ('MESH:D005905', 'Chemical') :: ['glibenclamide']

entities_list: @entity11243 :: ('MESH:D014044', 'Chemical') :: ['tolbutamide']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['Forskolin']

answer: @entity2976 :: (MESH:D056627,Disease) :: ['Sclerosing peritonitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is poor knowledge about the evolution of the negative skin test in local @entity566 over time. Does the negative skin test of @entity1 with @entity566 remain negative permanently or does it become positive? METHODS: We describe our long-term observation concerning the evolution of the negative skin test over time. This is a retrospective, follow-up study using data from the medical records of a group of @entity1 with local @entity566 . A total of 42 @entity1 aged between 3 and 70 years (median age: 31.5 years) were studied. The duration of follow-up varied from 1 to 27 years. Skin tests were performed using the skin-prick test and intracutaneous techniques for pollen, molds, mites, feathers (goose and @entity4186 ) and animal danders. Nasal provocation tests were conducted with the same allergens. Additionally, specific IgE in 17 @entity1 was measured by enzyme allergosorbent test. RESULTS: During the period of observation, the negative skin test reactions converted into positive reactions in 17 @entity1 (40%). In addition to the negative skin reactions, 55% of the @entity1 also presented positive skin reactions. The conversion rate was higher in @entity1 and adolescents than in adults. In 4 @entity1 , conversions occurred >7 years after the initial examination. Specific IgE was negative in all but 2 @entity1 , in whom the conversion in the skin test was accompanied by a switch from negative to positive specific IgE. CONCLUSION: Conversions from local to @entity56 appear to be a common phenomenon.

title: Local allergic nasal reactions convert to classic XXXX : a long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy', 'local allergies']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['classic systemic respiratory allergic reactions']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['systemic allergic reactions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Multiple induction regimens have been developed for adult @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ). However, there have been no prospective randomized trials that directly compare these regimens. In this study, we wanted to evaluate the outcome of 50 @entity981 @entity1 treated with BFM (i.e. Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster, n = 20) and hyper-CVAD (n = 30) protocols between March 2006 and October 2012. The median age was 25 years in the BFM group and 30.5 years in the hyper-CVAD group with a male/female ratio of 15:5 and 17:13, respectively. Forty-five percent of the @entity1 in the BFM group and 30.3% in the hyper-CVAD group were <25 years old. The majority of cases were B cell in origin (80% in the BFM group and 70% in the hyper-CVAD group). Complete remission after induction therapy was achieved in 95 and 96% of the @entity1 , respectively. The median follow-up time was 37 months. The 5-year survival rate was higher in the BFM group than in the hyper-CVAD group (59 vs. 34%). There were also no complications which could cause a delay during the hyper-CVAD regimen. Both chemotherapies were well tolerated. None of the @entity1 died from drug-related @entity137 . Only mild liver enzyme elevations were seen as @entity137 in the BFM group; these did not cause any delay in therapy. The BFM regimen seems to be feasible for adult @entity1 with @entity981 in terms of tolerability and efficacy, especially in young adults.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Is the BFM Regimen Feasible for the Treatment of Adult XXXX ? A Retrospective Analysis of the Outcomes of BFM and Hyper-CVAD Chemotherapy in Two Centers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['adult ALL', 'ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity740 ( @entity740 ) @entity1 are prone to both hypo- and @entity3489 . Little has been published on the epidemiology of hypo- and @entity3489 in ambulatory @entity1 with non-dialysis @entity740 . METHODS: Data collected in two contemporaneous @entity740 cohort studies, the @entity8 ( @entity8 )- @entity740 study (n = 834) and the Study of Treatment of @entity177 : Data and Evaluation (STRIDE) (n = 1,348) were combined and analyzed to study the association between serum @entity1372 ( @entity4024 ) and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and @entity4024 were 26    11 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m(2) and 140.2    3.4 mEq/l, respectively. The prevalence of @entity4024  <=135 mEq/l and >= 144 mEq/l was 6 and 16%, respectively. Higher baseline @entity4024 was significantly associated with male sex, older age, systolic blood pressure, BMI, serum albumin, presence of @entity712 , and lower eGFR. The risk of @entity454 ( @entity454 ) was marginally significantly higher among @entity1 with @entity4024  <=135 mEq/l, compared with 140< @entity4024 <144 mEq/l (referent), in time-dependent models (adjusted hazard ratio, HR = 1.52, p = 0.06). Mortality risk was significantly greater at 135< @entity4024  <=140 mEq/l (adjusted HR = 1.68, p = 0.02) and @entity4024 >= 144 mEq/l (adjusted HR = 2.01, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity740 @entity1 with @entity4024  <=135 mEq/l were at a higher risk for progression to @entity454 , whereas both lower and higher @entity4024 levels were associated with a higher risk of mortality. While caring for @entity740 @entity1 , greater attention to serum @entity1372 levels by clinicians is warranted and could potentially help improve @entity1 outcomes.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Serum @entity1372 Levels and @entity1 Outcomes in an Ambulatory Clinic-Based XXXX Cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['RRI', 'Renal Research Institute']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic kidney disease', 'CKD']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Renal Insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3489 :: ('MESH:D006955', 'Disease') :: ['hypernatremia']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['Chronic Kidney Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity740 ( @entity740 ) @entity1 are prone to both hypo- and @entity3489 . Little has been published on the epidemiology of hypo- and @entity3489 in ambulatory @entity1 with non-dialysis @entity740 . METHODS: Data collected in two contemporaneous @entity740 cohort studies, the @entity8 ( @entity8 )- @entity740 study (n = 834) and the Study of Treatment of @entity177 : Data and Evaluation (STRIDE) (n = 1,348) were combined and analyzed to study the association between serum @entity1372 ( @entity4024 ) and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and @entity4024 were 26    11 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m(2) and 140.2    3.4 mEq/l, respectively. The prevalence of @entity4024  <=135 mEq/l and >= 144 mEq/l was 6 and 16%, respectively. Higher baseline @entity4024 was significantly associated with male sex, older age, systolic blood pressure, BMI, serum albumin, presence of @entity712 , and lower eGFR. The risk of @entity454 ( @entity454 ) was marginally significantly higher among @entity1 with @entity4024  <=135 mEq/l, compared with 140< @entity4024 <144 mEq/l (referent), in time-dependent models (adjusted hazard ratio, HR = 1.52, p = 0.06). Mortality risk was significantly greater at 135< @entity4024  <=140 mEq/l (adjusted HR = 1.68, p = 0.02) and @entity4024 >= 144 mEq/l (adjusted HR = 2.01, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity740 @entity1 with @entity4024  <=135 mEq/l were at a higher risk for progression to @entity454 , whereas both lower and higher @entity4024 levels were associated with a higher risk of mortality. While caring for @entity740 @entity1 , greater attention to serum @entity1372 levels by clinicians is warranted and could potentially help improve @entity1 outcomes.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Serum XXXX Levels and @entity1 Outcomes in an Ambulatory Clinic-Based @entity740 Cohort.

answer: @entity1372 :: (MESH:D012964,Chemical) :: ['Sodium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity740 ( @entity740 ) @entity1 are prone to both hypo- and @entity3489 . Little has been published on the epidemiology of hypo- and @entity3489 in ambulatory @entity1 with non-dialysis @entity740 . METHODS: Data collected in two contemporaneous @entity740 cohort studies, the @entity8 ( @entity8 )- @entity740 study (n = 834) and the Study of Treatment of @entity177 : Data and Evaluation (STRIDE) (n = 1,348) were combined and analyzed to study the association between serum @entity1372 ( @entity4024 ) and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and @entity4024 were 26    11 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m(2) and 140.2    3.4 mEq/l, respectively. The prevalence of @entity4024  <=135 mEq/l and >= 144 mEq/l was 6 and 16%, respectively. Higher baseline @entity4024 was significantly associated with male sex, older age, systolic blood pressure, BMI, serum albumin, presence of @entity712 , and lower eGFR. The risk of @entity454 ( @entity454 ) was marginally significantly higher among @entity1 with @entity4024  <=135 mEq/l, compared with 140< @entity4024 <144 mEq/l (referent), in time-dependent models (adjusted hazard ratio, HR = 1.52, p = 0.06). Mortality risk was significantly greater at 135< @entity4024  <=140 mEq/l (adjusted HR = 1.68, p = 0.02) and @entity4024 >= 144 mEq/l (adjusted HR = 2.01, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity740 @entity1 with @entity4024  <=135 mEq/l were at a higher risk for progression to @entity454 , whereas both lower and higher @entity4024 levels were associated with a higher risk of mortality. While caring for @entity740 @entity1 , greater attention to serum @entity1372 levels by clinicians is warranted and could potentially help improve @entity1 outcomes.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Serum @entity1372 Levels and XXXX Outcomes in an Ambulatory Clinic-Based @entity740 Cohort.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Australia, high-risk @entity1082 (HR HPV) testing is recommended for follow-up of @entity1 treated for a @entity10479 ( @entity10479 ). The sensitivity of HR HPV testing is critical to identify @entity1 at risk of further high-grade cervical disease. In Australia, this management protocol is known as the 'Test of Cure' (ToC). AIM: To conduct a population-based study investigating practitioners' compliance with ToC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 treated for an @entity10479 between the five-year period 01 Jan 2006 to 31 Dec 2010 were identified and followed up for at least a 27-month period. Proportions and relative odds were determined for @entity1 entering and completing the ToC management pathway within recommended time frames. RESULTS: There were 5,194 @entity1 identified as 'eligible' to enter the ToC management pathway. Of these, 1,916 (37%) were managed with annual Pap smears and never had a HR HPV test performed. There were 1,296 (25%) @entity1 who entered the ToC management pathway within recommended time frames, and a further 1,978 (38%) @entity1 entered outside of the recommended time frames. Overall, 961 @entity1 completed the ToC and were classified as 'cured' and were eligible to return to two-yearly Pap smears. @entity1 's demographic information was significantly associated with ToC commencement, specifically, age and year of treatment, and Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage. CONCLUSION: Overall, a significant number of Australian @entity1 did not enter (~37%) and complete (~50%) the ToC management pathway. The challenge remains to advocate its use to practitioners to ensure @entity1 are returned to the population screening interval in a timely manner.

title: The XXXX Test of Cure: A lesson on compliance with the NHMRC guidelines on screening to prevent cervical cancer.

entities_list: @entity10479 :: ('MESH:D065309', 'Disease') :: ['HSIL', 'high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: RATIONALE: Spatial working memory is dependent on the appropriate functioning of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). PFC activity can be modulated by @entity1063 (NA) released by afferent projections from the locus coeruleus. The coreuleo-cortical NA system could therefore be a target for @entity73 . Of the three classes of NA receptor potentially involved, the a2 and a1 classes seem most significant, though agents targeting these receptors have yielded mixed results. This may be partially due to the use of behavioural assays that do not translate effectively from the laboratory to the clinical setting. Use of a paradigm with improved translational potential may be essential to resolve these discrepancies. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of PFC-infused a2 and a1 adrenergic receptor agonists on spatial working memory performance in the touchscreen continuous trial-unique non-matching to location (cTUNL) task in @entity35 . METHODS: Young male @entity35 were trained in the cTUNL paradigm. Cannulation of the mPFC allowed direct administration of @entity1246 agonists for task validation, and @entity2647 and @entity1774 to determine the effects of adrenergic agonists on task performance. RESULTS: Infusion of @entity6341 and @entity1772 resulted in a @entity73 . Administration of the a2 agonist @entity1774 had no effect, whilst infusion of the a1 agonist @entity2647 significantly improved working memory performance. CONCLUSIONS: Spatial working memory as measured in the @entity35 cTUNL task is dependent on the mPFC. Enhancement of noradrenergic signalling enhanced performance in this paradigm, suggesting a significant role for the a1 receptor in this facilitation.

title: Facilitation of spatial working memory performance following intra-prefrontal cortical administration of the adrenergic alpha1 agonist XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1772 :: ('MESH:D001418', 'Chemical') :: ['baclofen']

entities_list: @entity6341 :: ('MESH:D009118', 'Chemical') :: ['muscimol']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['delay-dependent impairment', 'cognitive enhancers of spatial working memory']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity1774 :: ('MESH:D016316', 'Chemical') :: ['guanfacine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity2647 :: (MESH:D010656,Chemical) :: ['phenylephrine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether @entity2318 ( @entity2318 ) parameters assessed by transvaginal sonography (TVS) might impact the early medical abortion outcome. METHODS: @entity1 with previous cesarean delivery who received oral @entity3927 and @entity396 for medical abortion were reviewed retrospectively. A successful medical abortion was defined as the absence of intrauterine gestational sac and without surgical intervention. @entity2318 was diagnosed in the presence of a hypoechogenic indentation within the myometrium of the lower uterine segment at the site of a previous cesarean incision by TVS. The ratio of the remaining myometrium thickness over the defect and the adjacent myometrial thickness was divided into three groups (<30%, 30%-70%, and >70%). RESULTS: Of 183 @entity1 , 43 (23.5%) had medical @entity177 , 59 (32.2%) with detectable CSDs had a higher failure rate than those without CSDs (38.9% vs. 16.1%; P   =   0.001). CSDs were significantly associated with medical @entity177 (OR   =   3.32, 95% CI: 1.63-6.75). The failure rates in relation to the defect size in the <30%, 30%-70%, and >70% groups were 57.1%, 25.0%, and 18.2%, respectively. A linear trend was observed in failure rates of medical abortion across these ratios (Cochran-Armitage trend test; P   =   0.015). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity2318 are at increased risk of failed medical abortion. @entity1 with a defect with the remaining myometrium less than 30% of the adjacent myometrial thickness tended to have higher failed medical abortions. Detectable @entity2318 is of clinical relevance in counseling @entity1 with history of cesarean deliveries for medical abortion.

title: Ultrasonographic parameters of XXXX in correlation with the outcome of early medical abortion.

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['CSD', 'cesarean scar defect']

entities_list: @entity396 :: ('MESH:D016595', 'Chemical') :: ['misoprostol']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['abortion failure']

entities_list: @entity3927 :: ('MESH:D015735', 'Chemical') :: ['mifepristone']

answer: @entity2318 :: (MESH:D002921,Disease) :: ['cesarean scar defect']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To evaluate a forward-sensing fiber-optic pressure technique for recording of intramuscular pressure (IMP) in the @entity1 leg and investigate factors that may influence IMP measurements used in diagnosing compartment syndromes. IMP in the tibialis anterior muscle was recorded simultaneously by a fiber-optic technique and needle-injection technique in 12 legs of 7 healthy subjects. Both measurement catheters were placed in parallel with the muscle fibers to the same depth, as verified by sonography. IMP recordings were performed at rest before, during and after applying a model of abnormally elevated IMP (simulated @entity2054 ). IMP was elevated by @entity432 induced by a thigh tourniquet of a casted leg. IMP was also measured during injections of 0.1  ml of saline into the muscle through the catheters. IMP at baseline was 5.1 (SD  =  2.6) mmHg measured with the fiber-optic technique and 7.1 (SD  =  2.5) mmHg with the needle-injection technique (p  <  0.001). It increased to 48.5 (SD  =  6.9) mmHg and 47.6 (SD  =  6.6) mmHg respectively, during simulated @entity2054 . IMP increased significantly following injection of 0.1  ml of saline, measured by both techniques. It remained increased 1  min after injection. The fiber-optic technique was able to record pulse-synchronous @entity551 . The fiber-optic technique may be used for IMP measurements in a muscle with both normal and abnormally elevated IMP. It has good dynamic properties allowing for measurement of @entity551 . Saline injection used with needle-injection systems to ensure catheter patency compromises IMP readings at least one minute after injection.

title: Evaluation of a fiber-optic technique for recording intramuscular pressure in the XXXX leg.

entities_list: @entity2054 :: ('MESH:D003161', 'Disease') :: ['compartment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['IMP oscillations']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['venous obstruction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity32 ( @entity32 ) may cause @entity8 in @entity1 with @entity82 . Investigational studies demonstrated reversibility of @entity8 after drug withdrawal, but information based on clinical practice is lacking. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics and outcome of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) developing in @entity1 with @entity82 treated with @entity32 . METHODS: Prospective cohort study in a tertiary referral center of all @entity1 with @entity32 -associated @entity810 seen from 2002 to 2014. For comparison, three control groups of @entity1 with @entity3485 -induced @entity810 , type-1 @entity9719 and @entity21618 , respectively, were also evaluated. Urinary excretion of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) was measured in a subset of @entity1 . RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 with @entity82 and @entity32 -associated @entity810 were identified. In 19 @entity1 (63%) @entity810 was @entity8 rapidly recovered (4  3days) after @entity32 withdrawal. In the remaining 11 @entity1 (37%) @entity810 was more severe and persisted during hospitalization despite drug withdrawal. @entity1 with persistent @entity810 had remarkably higher uNGAL levels compared with those of @entity1 with transient @entity810 (953  1,198 vs. 83  79 g/g of @entity1011 , respectively, p=0.008). Moreover, seven of the 11 @entity1 with persistent @entity810 (64%) died within three months compared with only one of the 19 (5%) @entity1 with transient @entity810 (p=0.001). Mortality of persistent @entity810 was similar in @entity32 @entity1 compared to control groups. The only independent predictive factor of three-month mortality was persistent @entity810 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity82 treated with @entity32 may develop severe @entity810 which may be irreversible and associated with poor short-term outcome.

title: Severe @entity810 associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in XXXX : A case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['NSAIDs', 'Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['transient and kidney function', 'kidney dysfunction', 'impairment of kidney function']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['Acute Kidney Injury', 'AKI']

entities_list: @entity3485 :: ('MESH:D020896', 'Disease') :: ['hypovolemic']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity32 ( @entity32 ) may cause @entity8 in @entity1 with @entity82 . Investigational studies demonstrated reversibility of @entity8 after drug withdrawal, but information based on clinical practice is lacking. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics and outcome of @entity810 ( @entity810 ) developing in @entity1 with @entity82 treated with @entity32 . METHODS: Prospective cohort study in a tertiary referral center of all @entity1 with @entity32 -associated @entity810 seen from 2002 to 2014. For comparison, three control groups of @entity1 with @entity3485 -induced @entity810 , type-1 @entity9719 and @entity21618 , respectively, were also evaluated. Urinary excretion of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) was measured in a subset of @entity1 . RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 with @entity82 and @entity32 -associated @entity810 were identified. In 19 @entity1 (63%) @entity810 was @entity8 rapidly recovered (4  3days) after @entity32 withdrawal. In the remaining 11 @entity1 (37%) @entity810 was more severe and persisted during hospitalization despite drug withdrawal. @entity1 with persistent @entity810 had remarkably higher uNGAL levels compared with those of @entity1 with transient @entity810 (953  1,198 vs. 83  79 g/g of @entity1011 , respectively, p=0.008). Moreover, seven of the 11 @entity1 with persistent @entity810 (64%) died within three months compared with only one of the 19 (5%) @entity1 with transient @entity810 (p=0.001). Mortality of persistent @entity810 was similar in @entity32 @entity1 compared to control groups. The only independent predictive factor of three-month mortality was persistent @entity810 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity82 treated with @entity32 may develop severe @entity810 which may be irreversible and associated with poor short-term outcome.

title: Severe XXXX associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in @entity82 : A case-control study.

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute kidney injury']


abstract: A study on clinical and histological features of prognostic significance was performed in 45 @entity1 with Ph1+ - @entity1860 who showed median survival of 36 months. The histological features were evaluated by morphometry of iliac crest biopsies. Among the variables correlated with prognosis, we eliminated those without primary importance by mutual univariate retrospective stratification. Thus a clinical and a histological set of important prognostic criteria was established. Their influence on prognosis proved to be independent of each other and therefore could be used for separate classifications. Clinical classification yielded two groups with different prognosis: compared to the rest of the @entity1 , the prognosis was much worse for those with a spleen size greater than 10 cm, a liver size greater than 2 cm (below costal margin) and greater than 5% circulating blasts plus promyelocytes. The histomorphological classification consisted of three subgroups: a better than average prognosis was found for @entity1 with pseudo-Gaucher cells in the bone marrow, while in the remaining cases the prognosis was worse in @entity1 with a high number of megakaryocytes (greater than 70/ @entity202 ) and a low volume ratio of granulopoiesis: megakaryocytes (less than 15). Since liver size was correlated with the duration of prediagnostic symptoms, the clinical classification probably reflects different disease stages, i.e. a later @entity1860 diagnosis. However, the histological set of prognostic factors is independent of the length of the prediagnostic period. Consequently, this morphological classification seems to discriminate different subgroups. Another important prognostic factor, marrow @entity82 , was independent of other histomorphological features, and correlated with duration of symptoms. It obviously also indicates more @entity1442 .

title: The prognostic implication of clinical and histological features in Ph1+ @entity1860 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['CML']


abstract: A study on clinical and histological features of prognostic significance was performed in 45 @entity1 with Ph1+ - @entity1860 who showed median survival of 36 months. The histological features were evaluated by morphometry of iliac crest biopsies. Among the variables correlated with prognosis, we eliminated those without primary importance by mutual univariate retrospective stratification. Thus a clinical and a histological set of important prognostic criteria was established. Their influence on prognosis proved to be independent of each other and therefore could be used for separate classifications. Clinical classification yielded two groups with different prognosis: compared to the rest of the @entity1 , the prognosis was much worse for those with a spleen size greater than 10 cm, a liver size greater than 2 cm (below costal margin) and greater than 5% circulating blasts plus promyelocytes. The histomorphological classification consisted of three subgroups: a better than average prognosis was found for @entity1 with pseudo-Gaucher cells in the bone marrow, while in the remaining cases the prognosis was worse in @entity1 with a high number of megakaryocytes (greater than 70/ @entity202 ) and a low volume ratio of granulopoiesis: megakaryocytes (less than 15). Since liver size was correlated with the duration of prediagnostic symptoms, the clinical classification probably reflects different disease stages, i.e. a later @entity1860 diagnosis. However, the histological set of prognostic factors is independent of the length of the prediagnostic period. Consequently, this morphological classification seems to discriminate different subgroups. Another important prognostic factor, marrow @entity82 , was independent of other histomorphological features, and correlated with duration of symptoms. It obviously also indicates more @entity1442 .

title: The prognostic implication of clinical and histological features in Ph1+ XXXX ( @entity1860 ).

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['chronic myelocytic leukaemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Amyloid b (Ab) peptides are identified in cause of @entity179 such as @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Previous evidence suggests Ab-induced @entity2359 is linked to the stimulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production. The accumulation of Ab-induced ROS leads to increased mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptotic cell death. This suggests antioxidant therapies may be beneficial for preventing ROS-related diseases such as @entity195 . Recently, @entity3884 -rich water (HRW) has been proven effective in treating oxidative stress-induced disorders because of its ROS-scavenging abilities. However, the precise molecular mechanisms whereby HRW prevents @entity528 are still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the putative pathways by which HRW protects against Ab-induced @entity137 . Our results indicated that HRW directly counteracts oxidative damage by neutralizing excessive ROS, leading to the alleviation of Ab-induced cell death. In addition, HRW also stimulated @entity8582 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) in a @entity4093 ( @entity4093 )-dependent pathway, which upregulates forkhead box protein O3a ( @entity16389 ) downstream antioxidant response and diminishes Ab-induced mitochondrial potential loss and oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings suggest that HRW may have potential therapeutic value to inhibit Ab-induced @entity2359 .

title: @entity3884 -rich water attenuates amyloid b-induced @entity137 through upregulation of @entity4093 - XXXX by stimulation of @entity8582 -activated protein kinase in SK-N-MC cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity16389 :: (2309,Gene) :: ['FoxO3a']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Amyloid b (Ab) peptides are identified in cause of @entity179 such as @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Previous evidence suggests Ab-induced @entity2359 is linked to the stimulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production. The accumulation of Ab-induced ROS leads to increased mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptotic cell death. This suggests antioxidant therapies may be beneficial for preventing ROS-related diseases such as @entity195 . Recently, @entity3884 -rich water (HRW) has been proven effective in treating oxidative stress-induced disorders because of its ROS-scavenging abilities. However, the precise molecular mechanisms whereby HRW prevents @entity528 are still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the putative pathways by which HRW protects against Ab-induced @entity137 . Our results indicated that HRW directly counteracts oxidative damage by neutralizing excessive ROS, leading to the alleviation of Ab-induced cell death. In addition, HRW also stimulated @entity8582 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) in a @entity4093 ( @entity4093 )-dependent pathway, which upregulates forkhead box protein O3a ( @entity16389 ) downstream antioxidant response and diminishes Ab-induced mitochondrial potential loss and oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings suggest that HRW may have potential therapeutic value to inhibit Ab-induced @entity2359 .

title: @entity3884 -rich water attenuates amyloid b-induced @entity137 through upregulation of XXXX - @entity16389 by stimulation of @entity8582 -activated protein kinase in SK-N-MC cells.

answer: @entity4093 :: (23411,Gene) :: ['Sirt1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Amyloid b (Ab) peptides are identified in cause of @entity179 such as @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Previous evidence suggests Ab-induced @entity2359 is linked to the stimulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production. The accumulation of Ab-induced ROS leads to increased mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptotic cell death. This suggests antioxidant therapies may be beneficial for preventing ROS-related diseases such as @entity195 . Recently, @entity3884 -rich water (HRW) has been proven effective in treating oxidative stress-induced disorders because of its ROS-scavenging abilities. However, the precise molecular mechanisms whereby HRW prevents @entity528 are still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the putative pathways by which HRW protects against Ab-induced @entity137 . Our results indicated that HRW directly counteracts oxidative damage by neutralizing excessive ROS, leading to the alleviation of Ab-induced cell death. In addition, HRW also stimulated @entity8582 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) in a @entity4093 ( @entity4093 )-dependent pathway, which upregulates forkhead box protein O3a ( @entity16389 ) downstream antioxidant response and diminishes Ab-induced mitochondrial potential loss and oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings suggest that HRW may have potential therapeutic value to inhibit Ab-induced @entity2359 .

title: @entity3884 -rich water attenuates amyloid b-induced XXXX through upregulation of @entity4093 - @entity16389 by stimulation of @entity8582 -activated protein kinase in SK-N-MC cells.

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['cytotoxicity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Amyloid b (Ab) peptides are identified in cause of @entity179 such as @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Previous evidence suggests Ab-induced @entity2359 is linked to the stimulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production. The accumulation of Ab-induced ROS leads to increased mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptotic cell death. This suggests antioxidant therapies may be beneficial for preventing ROS-related diseases such as @entity195 . Recently, @entity3884 -rich water (HRW) has been proven effective in treating oxidative stress-induced disorders because of its ROS-scavenging abilities. However, the precise molecular mechanisms whereby HRW prevents @entity528 are still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the putative pathways by which HRW protects against Ab-induced @entity137 . Our results indicated that HRW directly counteracts oxidative damage by neutralizing excessive ROS, leading to the alleviation of Ab-induced cell death. In addition, HRW also stimulated @entity8582 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) in a @entity4093 ( @entity4093 )-dependent pathway, which upregulates forkhead box protein O3a ( @entity16389 ) downstream antioxidant response and diminishes Ab-induced mitochondrial potential loss and oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings suggest that HRW may have potential therapeutic value to inhibit Ab-induced @entity2359 .

title: XXXX -rich water attenuates amyloid b-induced @entity137 through upregulation of @entity4093 - @entity16389 by stimulation of @entity8582 -activated protein kinase in SK-N-MC cells.

answer: @entity3884 :: (MESH:D006859,Chemical) :: ['Hydrogen']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Amyloid b (Ab) peptides are identified in cause of @entity179 such as @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Previous evidence suggests Ab-induced @entity2359 is linked to the stimulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production. The accumulation of Ab-induced ROS leads to increased mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptotic cell death. This suggests antioxidant therapies may be beneficial for preventing ROS-related diseases such as @entity195 . Recently, @entity3884 -rich water (HRW) has been proven effective in treating oxidative stress-induced disorders because of its ROS-scavenging abilities. However, the precise molecular mechanisms whereby HRW prevents @entity528 are still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the putative pathways by which HRW protects against Ab-induced @entity137 . Our results indicated that HRW directly counteracts oxidative damage by neutralizing excessive ROS, leading to the alleviation of Ab-induced cell death. In addition, HRW also stimulated @entity8582 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) in a @entity4093 ( @entity4093 )-dependent pathway, which upregulates forkhead box protein O3a ( @entity16389 ) downstream antioxidant response and diminishes Ab-induced mitochondrial potential loss and oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings suggest that HRW may have potential therapeutic value to inhibit Ab-induced @entity2359 .

title: @entity3884 -rich water attenuates amyloid b-induced @entity137 through upregulation of @entity4093 - @entity16389 by stimulation of XXXX -activated protein kinase in SK-N-MC cells.

answer: @entity8582 :: (D000667,Chemical) :: ['AMP']


abstract: BACKGROUND: As @entity1 live longer, their risk of disability increases. Disability affects quality of life and increases health and social care costs. Preventing or delaying disability is therefore an important objective, and identifying an effective intervention could improve the lives of many older @entity1 . Observational and interventional evidence suggests that physical activity may reduce the risk of age-related disability, as assessed by physical performance measures. However it is unclear what approach is the most cost-effective intervention in changing long-term physical activity behaviour in older adults. A new theory-driven behavioural intervention has been developed, with the aim of increasing physical activity in the everyday lives of older adults at risk of disability. This pilot study tests the feasibility and acceptability of delivering this intervention to older adults. METHODS/DESIGN: A @entity23 ( @entity23 ) design will be used in the pilot study. Sixty @entity1 aged 65 years and older will be recruited from primary care practices. @entity1 will be eligible to participate if they are inactive, not disabled at baseline, are at risk of developing disability in the future (Short Physical Performance Battery score <10/12), and have no contraindications to physical activity. Following baseline measures, @entity1 will be randomised in a 2:1 ratio to the intervention or to a control arm and all @entity1 will be followed-up after 6 months. Those randomised to the intervention arm will receive sessions with a trained Physical Activity Facilitator, delivering an intervention based on self-determination theory. Control @entity1 receive a booklet on healthy ageing. The main outcomes of interest are recruitment, adherence, retention and acceptability. Data will also be collected on: self-report and accelerometer-recorded physical activity; physical performance; @entity308 ; wellbeing; cognitive function; social support; quality of life, healthcare use, and attitudes to physical activity. A mixed-methods process evaluation will run alongside the @entity23 . DISCUSSION: The intervention, if effective, has the potential to reduce disability and improve quality of life in older adults. Before proceeding to a full-scale trial a pilot trial is necessary to ensure intervention feasibility and acceptability, and that the intervention shows evidence of promise. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN80470273 . Registered 25 October 2013.

title: Physical ACtivity facilitation for Elders (PACE): study protocol for a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['RCT', 'randomised controlled trial']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity23 :: (MESH:D007174,Disease) :: ['randomised controlled trial']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 who are surgically treated for an acute @entity173 in Denmark commence early in-hospital physical rehabilitation (PR) with more than 95% of @entity1 referred to further PR following discharge. However, the specifics of the PR services after discharge are unknown. Thus, the aim of the present paper was to describe the specifics of PR provided to @entity1 following discharge after @entity173 ( @entity173 ) surgery in Denmark to evaluate the need for future interventions or guidelines. METHODS: This was a national, cross-sectional questionnaire survey including 56 randomly selected municipalities out of 98. Information was gathered on PR and categorised into outpatient PR (including one-to-one and group), home-based PR, 24-hour in- @entity1 PR units and nursing homes. RESULTS: Sixty PR centres (97%) within 51 municipalities (91%) participated. The PR was initiated within 1-2 weeks after the municipality had received a referral from the hospital in 97% of the participating centres. The duration of PR was 8-12 weeks or 4-7 weeks in 85% of the centres, and most often comprised 1-2 training sessions per week. In all, 72% out of 56 municipalities returned a specific PR programme of which only 14% provided specific information regarding the intensity and the progression of training. CONCLUSION: PR after @entity173 in Denmark is initiated shortly after referral, for a variable duration of time and with poorly described exercise intensity and progression. This calls for a national description and implementation of an optimised PR programme according to the best available evidence. FUNDING: The study was supported by grants from The IMK Foundation, The Research Foundation of the Capital Region, The Research Foundation of the Danish Physical Therapy Organization, The Research Foundation of Hvidovre Hospital and The UCSF Lundbeck Foundation. The funding agencies had no influence on the study design, methods, subjects, data collection, analyses or on the manuscript. TRIAL REGISTRATION: not relevant.

title: Municipality-based physical rehabilitation after acute XXXX surgery in Denmark.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture', 'HF']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip fracture']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinicopathologic characteristics and treatment outcomes of @entity1 undergoing @entity1625 ( @entity1625 ) or radical nephrectomy (RN) for unilateral synchronous multifocal @entity703 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records for 128 @entity1 with nonmetastatic, unilateral, synchronous, multifocal @entity703 who underwent surgical resection at our institution from 1995 to 2012. Five @entity1 with @entity1358 were excluded. Differences between @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics from the 2 nephrectomy groups were evaluated. Outcomes in terms of recurrence-free survival, overall survival, and chronic @entity8 upstaging were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. The log-rank test was used for group comparisons. RESULTS: The study cohort included 78 @entity1625 @entity1 (63%) and 45 RN @entity1 (37%); 17 of 95 planned @entity1625 (18%) were converted to RN. @entity5 diameter and RENAL nephrometry scores were greater in RN @entity1 (P <.0001 and P = .0002, respectively). Pathologic stage T3 was seen in 40% of RN @entity1 and 10% of @entity1625 @entity1 (P = .0002). Histologic concordance was apparent in 60 of 123 @entity1 (49%). Median follow-up for @entity1 alive without a recurrence was 4 years. Five-year recurrence-free survival was 98% for @entity1625 and 85% for RN. Five-year overall survival was 96% for @entity1625 and 86% for RN (P = .5). Five-year freedom from chronic @entity8 upstaging was 74% for @entity1625 and 55% for RN (P = .11). CONCLUSION: Partial nephrectomy for the treatment of unilateral, synchronous, multifocal, @entity703 with favorable characteristics was associated with a low recurrence rate. These findings suggest @entity1625 is an appropriate management strategy for this group of carefully selected @entity1 .

title: Partial and Radical Nephrectomy for Unilateral Synchronous Multifocal Renal Cortical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['PN', 'partial nephrectomy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumors']


abstract: This study aimed at determining the clinical efficacy and clinical and biological safety of @entity800 compared to @entity115 . 44 @entity1 were included, and 41 were evaluable. 33 @entity1 were treated according to the randomization list, whereas 11 @entity1 were treated in an open study. All @entity1 were suffering from acute, recurrent or chronic, lower @entity1729 . 29 @entity1 started @entity800 treatment with a dosage of 200 mg or 300 mg b.i.d., and 15 other @entity1 received 1 g @entity115 b.i.d. or t.i.d. Three @entity1 of this last group were treated with @entity800 after @entity115 treatment failure. Bacteriological eradication was achieved in 95% of @entity800 -treated and in 78% of @entity115 -treated @entity1 . Clinical cure occurred in 86% of @entity800 - and in 55% of @entity115 -treated @entity1 . Successful treatment (bacteriologic eradication associated with clinical cure) was observed in 75% of @entity1 from the @entity800 -group and in 36% of the @entity115 -group. No clinical adverse reactions were seen in @entity115 -treated @entity1 , whereas one @entity1 in the @entity800 -group was complaining of mild, definitely drug-related, @entity158 . No major drug-related disturbances of biological parameters were observed neither in the @entity800 - nor in the @entity115 -group.

title: @entity800 in lower XXXX --a comparison with @entity115 .

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['hypochondrial pain']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['ofloxacin']

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['respiratory tract infections']


abstract: This study aimed at determining the clinical efficacy and clinical and biological safety of @entity800 compared to @entity115 . 44 @entity1 were included, and 41 were evaluable. 33 @entity1 were treated according to the randomization list, whereas 11 @entity1 were treated in an open study. All @entity1 were suffering from acute, recurrent or chronic, lower @entity1729 . 29 @entity1 started @entity800 treatment with a dosage of 200 mg or 300 mg b.i.d., and 15 other @entity1 received 1 g @entity115 b.i.d. or t.i.d. Three @entity1 of this last group were treated with @entity800 after @entity115 treatment failure. Bacteriological eradication was achieved in 95% of @entity800 -treated and in 78% of @entity115 -treated @entity1 . Clinical cure occurred in 86% of @entity800 - and in 55% of @entity115 -treated @entity1 . Successful treatment (bacteriologic eradication associated with clinical cure) was observed in 75% of @entity1 from the @entity800 -group and in 36% of the @entity115 -group. No clinical adverse reactions were seen in @entity115 -treated @entity1 , whereas one @entity1 in the @entity800 -group was complaining of mild, definitely drug-related, @entity158 . No major drug-related disturbances of biological parameters were observed neither in the @entity800 - nor in the @entity115 -group.

title: @entity800 in lower @entity1729 --a comparison with XXXX .

answer: @entity115 :: (MESH:D000658,Chemical) :: ['amoxicillin']


abstract: This study aimed at determining the clinical efficacy and clinical and biological safety of @entity800 compared to @entity115 . 44 @entity1 were included, and 41 were evaluable. 33 @entity1 were treated according to the randomization list, whereas 11 @entity1 were treated in an open study. All @entity1 were suffering from acute, recurrent or chronic, lower @entity1729 . 29 @entity1 started @entity800 treatment with a dosage of 200 mg or 300 mg b.i.d., and 15 other @entity1 received 1 g @entity115 b.i.d. or t.i.d. Three @entity1 of this last group were treated with @entity800 after @entity115 treatment failure. Bacteriological eradication was achieved in 95% of @entity800 -treated and in 78% of @entity115 -treated @entity1 . Clinical cure occurred in 86% of @entity800 - and in 55% of @entity115 -treated @entity1 . Successful treatment (bacteriologic eradication associated with clinical cure) was observed in 75% of @entity1 from the @entity800 -group and in 36% of the @entity115 -group. No clinical adverse reactions were seen in @entity115 -treated @entity1 , whereas one @entity1 in the @entity800 -group was complaining of mild, definitely drug-related, @entity158 . No major drug-related disturbances of biological parameters were observed neither in the @entity800 - nor in the @entity115 -group.

title: XXXX in lower @entity1729 --a comparison with @entity115 .

answer: @entity800 :: (MESH:D015242,Chemical) :: ['Ofloxacin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: More female soldiers are now  serving in combat theaters than at any other time. However, little is known about possible sex differences underlying the neuropathology and manifestation of one of modern war's signature injuries, @entity131 ( @entity131 ). The paucity of information regarding sex differences in @entity131 is particularly evident when examining changes in executive function and emotion regulation associated with post concussive events. The current study objective was to observe whether patterns of orbitofrontal ( @entity15853 ) functional connectivity would differ between female veterans with @entity131 and their male counterparts. The study further sought to determine whether @entity15853 connectivity might be differentially associated with clinical measures of @entity146 and hostility. Seventeen female veterans and 24 male veterans, age 18 to 25, who met criteria for @entity131 completed resting state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical assessment measures. Imaging data were analyzed using left and right seed regions of the @entity15853 , and regression analyses were conducted to observe the relationship between resting state connectivity and self-reported @entity146 . Females and males in this study differed in @entity15853 connectivity, with females demonstrating greater connectivity between left and right @entity15853 and parietal and occipital regions and males demonstrating greater connectivity between left and right @entity15853 and frontal and temporal regions. Significant associations between resting state connectivity and clinical measures were found only in male veterans. These findings suggest that @entity131 may interact with sex-specific patterns of brain connectivity in male and female veterans and exert divergent effects on clinical profiles of @entity146 post-injury.

title: Sex differences in orbitofrontal connectivity in male and female veterans with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury', 'TBI']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['TBI']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the importance of a symptom of @entity3521 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The results of examining 95 @entity1 aged 62-92 years with the symptoms of @entity2210 in the Netanya State Geriatric Center (Israel) in 1994-2004 were analyzed. Standard X-ray study of the upper digestive tract was complemented by provocation tests. The length of an X-ray-negative area (XNA) between barium in the esophagus and stomach and the width in the lower esophagus were measured. RESULTS: Only 2 (2%) of the 95 @entity1 were found to have normal function of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). Two @entity1 with a drastic esophageal narrowing due to @entity354 were excluded. The remaining (91) @entity1 were divided into 2 groups. The width of the esophagus was less than 2 cm and 2 cm or more in 64 (70%) and 27 (30%) @entity1 , respectively. In weak GEJ, there was esophageal dilatation above the XNA. When in a horizontal position, this portion of the esophagus evacuates its contents into the stomach as a result of ampullary function. It is proximally closed by contracting the functional proximal sphincter (PS). When the ampulla contracts, its pressure increases up to the threshold. This causes the XNA to be closed and the ampulla to inject its contents into the stomach. The wider was the ampulla, the shorter the XNA was. @entity3521 was detected in 20 (22%) of the 91 @entity1 with @entity354 ( @entity354 ). It was always at the level of the PS. CONCLUSION: The so-called sliding esophageal hernia is an esophageal ampulla measuring more than 2 cm in wide. The presence of the esophageal ampulla despite its size suggests that the GEJ is incompetent and @entity354 is present. @entity3521 occurs at the level of the PS due to @entity354 .

title: [ XXXX as a symptom of @entity354 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD', 'reflux esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity3521 :: ('MESH:D012303', 'Disease') :: ['Schatzki ring']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['dyspepsia']

answer: @entity3521 :: (MESH:D012303,Disease) :: ['Schatzki ring']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the importance of a symptom of @entity3521 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The results of examining 95 @entity1 aged 62-92 years with the symptoms of @entity2210 in the Netanya State Geriatric Center (Israel) in 1994-2004 were analyzed. Standard X-ray study of the upper digestive tract was complemented by provocation tests. The length of an X-ray-negative area (XNA) between barium in the esophagus and stomach and the width in the lower esophagus were measured. RESULTS: Only 2 (2%) of the 95 @entity1 were found to have normal function of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). Two @entity1 with a drastic esophageal narrowing due to @entity354 were excluded. The remaining (91) @entity1 were divided into 2 groups. The width of the esophagus was less than 2 cm and 2 cm or more in 64 (70%) and 27 (30%) @entity1 , respectively. In weak GEJ, there was esophageal dilatation above the XNA. When in a horizontal position, this portion of the esophagus evacuates its contents into the stomach as a result of ampullary function. It is proximally closed by contracting the functional proximal sphincter (PS). When the ampulla contracts, its pressure increases up to the threshold. This causes the XNA to be closed and the ampulla to inject its contents into the stomach. The wider was the ampulla, the shorter the XNA was. @entity3521 was detected in 20 (22%) of the 91 @entity1 with @entity354 ( @entity354 ). It was always at the level of the PS. CONCLUSION: The so-called sliding esophageal hernia is an esophageal ampulla measuring more than 2 cm in wide. The presence of the esophageal ampulla despite its size suggests that the GEJ is incompetent and @entity354 is present. @entity3521 occurs at the level of the PS due to @entity354 .

title: [ @entity3521 as a symptom of XXXX ].

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Encapsulating peritoneal @entity1463 is a pathological entity mainly associated with @entity298 ( @entity298 ). The clinical syndrome is characterized by various degrees of @entity1321 due to thickening, @entity1463 and calcification of peritoneum resulting in the encapsulation and cocooning of the bowel. It is a rare but potentially devastating complication associated with a considerable morbidity and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cases of @entity2976 ( @entity2976 ), diagnosed in the Surgical Clinic of "Cantacuzino" Hospital, between 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. During this interval, 432 surgical interventions related to @entity298 were performed: 306 peritoneal access interventions and 124 complications, of which 15 @entity1 with @entity2976 . RESULTS: In all but two cases, the @entity2976 diagnostic was established at the time of the surgical intervention addressed to other complication or pathology. Moreover, in 2 of the 15 @entity1 the diagnostic was established approximately 5 months after @entity298 was discontinued, and, in one of these @entity1 at the time of the extraction of the dialysis catheter. 12 of 15 @entity1 were @entity6 . Most @entity1 had a history of multiple @entity298 episodes. All the @entity1 required the passing from @entity298 to hemodialysis. There were 4 deaths (26,6%) of which one was around two months from the diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The timely diagnosis of the condition and the appropriate phase-specific treatment is of utmost importance in @entity2976 . In advanced stages, the surgical intervention performed by a well-trained team could achieve good long-term results.

title: Encapsulating Peritoneal @entity1463 - A rare and serious complication of XXXX : Case series.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity2976 :: ('MESH:D056627', 'Disease') :: ['EPS', 'encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD', 'peritonitis']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritoneal dialysis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Encapsulating peritoneal @entity1463 is a pathological entity mainly associated with @entity298 ( @entity298 ). The clinical syndrome is characterized by various degrees of @entity1321 due to thickening, @entity1463 and calcification of peritoneum resulting in the encapsulation and cocooning of the bowel. It is a rare but potentially devastating complication associated with a considerable morbidity and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cases of @entity2976 ( @entity2976 ), diagnosed in the Surgical Clinic of "Cantacuzino" Hospital, between 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. During this interval, 432 surgical interventions related to @entity298 were performed: 306 peritoneal access interventions and 124 complications, of which 15 @entity1 with @entity2976 . RESULTS: In all but two cases, the @entity2976 diagnostic was established at the time of the surgical intervention addressed to other complication or pathology. Moreover, in 2 of the 15 @entity1 the diagnostic was established approximately 5 months after @entity298 was discontinued, and, in one of these @entity1 at the time of the extraction of the dialysis catheter. 12 of 15 @entity1 were @entity6 . Most @entity1 had a history of multiple @entity298 episodes. All the @entity1 required the passing from @entity298 to hemodialysis. There were 4 deaths (26,6%) of which one was around two months from the diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The timely diagnosis of the condition and the appropriate phase-specific treatment is of utmost importance in @entity2976 . In advanced stages, the surgical intervention performed by a well-trained team could achieve good long-term results.

title: Encapsulating Peritoneal XXXX - A rare and serious complication of @entity298 : Case series.

answer: @entity1463 :: (MESH:D012598,Disease) :: ['Sclerosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to compare the effect of @entity9695 and @entity7988 on inflammatory parameters related to the surgical removal of third molars. A split-mouth, prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted in @entity1 undergoing removal of four third molars. Eighteen eligible @entity1 were allocated to one of two groups to receive treatment two times a day with either @entity7988 100mg or @entity9695 100mg for a period of 3 days. The rescue medication intake (number) and @entity158 intensity were evaluated at 6, 12, 24, and 48h, and at 7 days postoperatively. Swelling and @entity2133 opening were evaluated at 24h, 72h, and 7 days postoperatively. The peak @entity158 score occurred at 6h after surgery in the @entity9695 group and at 12h in the @entity7988 group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups, although @entity158 relief was observed after 48h in the @entity9695 group and after 7 days in the @entity7988 group. For each group, there was a statically significant difference in @entity158 scores among the studied periods (P<0.0001). None of the @entity1 required rescue medication. There was a statistically significant difference in @entity2133 opening between the preoperative and postoperative periods (P<0.0001). @entity7988 and @entity9695 were effective at controlling @entity158 , @entity4 , and trismus after the surgical removal of third molars.

title: Comparative efficacy of XXXX and @entity7988 on inflammatory events in third molar surgery: a split-mouth, prospective, randomized, double-blind study.

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['Ketoprofen', 'ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['maximum mouth']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity9695 :: ('MESH:C012655', 'Chemical') :: ['nimesulide']

answer: @entity9695 :: (MESH:C012655,Chemical) :: ['nimesulide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to compare the effect of @entity9695 and @entity7988 on inflammatory parameters related to the surgical removal of third molars. A split-mouth, prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted in @entity1 undergoing removal of four third molars. Eighteen eligible @entity1 were allocated to one of two groups to receive treatment two times a day with either @entity7988 100mg or @entity9695 100mg for a period of 3 days. The rescue medication intake (number) and @entity158 intensity were evaluated at 6, 12, 24, and 48h, and at 7 days postoperatively. Swelling and @entity2133 opening were evaluated at 24h, 72h, and 7 days postoperatively. The peak @entity158 score occurred at 6h after surgery in the @entity9695 group and at 12h in the @entity7988 group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups, although @entity158 relief was observed after 48h in the @entity9695 group and after 7 days in the @entity7988 group. For each group, there was a statically significant difference in @entity158 scores among the studied periods (P<0.0001). None of the @entity1 required rescue medication. There was a statistically significant difference in @entity2133 opening between the preoperative and postoperative periods (P<0.0001). @entity7988 and @entity9695 were effective at controlling @entity158 , @entity4 , and trismus after the surgical removal of third molars.

title: Comparative efficacy of @entity9695 and XXXX on inflammatory events in third molar surgery: a split-mouth, prospective, randomized, double-blind study.

answer: @entity7988 :: (MESH:D007660,Chemical) :: ['ketoprofen']