abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity101 remains a major public health problem whose management is hampered by poor persistence with pharmacological therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between discontinuing @entity734 ( @entity734 ) and the risk of @entity65 in the elderly. METHODS: A population-based prospective cohort study of all of the >=  60-year-old residents in Bambu   city (Brazil) enrolled 1606 subjects (92.2%), of whom 1494 (93.0%) were included in this study. The use of @entity734 was ascertained annually in a real-clinical context, and time-varying @entity8404 exposure was categorised as non-use, current use or stopped. The predicted @entity65 rates were estimated using interval Poisson models for ungrouped @entity1 -time data, taking into account current levels of systolic blood pressure (BP). RESULTS: The overall adjusted @entity65 risk ratio of @entity8404 stoppers vs current users was 3.12 (95% CI: 2.35-4.15). There was a significant interaction with BP levels: the association between discontinuing @entity734 and the risk of @entity65 was stronger at higher systolic BP levels. The estimates of the risk of @entity65 over the follow-up period were similar in @entity8404 users and non-users, for whom @entity734 were never prescribed. CONCLUSION: Discontinuing @entity734 increases the risk of @entity65 in the elderly. Misconceptions about symptoms or drug-related adverse effects could underlie a subject's decision to discontinue @entity734 . Greater attention should be paid to the choice of @entity734 and informative action.

title: Discontinuation of anti- @entity101 drugs increases 11-year XXXX risk in community-dwelling elderly (the Bambu   Cohort Study of Ageing).

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular mortality']


abstract: Hepatic @entity19777 , consisting of resident KCs and infiltrating monocytes/IMs, are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity8019 . Previous work has focused on KCs or studied hepatic @entity19777 as one cell population. The aim of the current study is to distinguish IMs from KCs and to compare their phenotypes and functions. We show here that a 4-week @entity1068 feeding of C57BL/6J @entity19 causes recruitment of IMs into the liver. KCs and IMs can be distinguished based on their differential expression of @entity11496 and @entity3804 . IMs can be divided further into two subsets based on their differential expression of @entity19347 . KCs and two subsets of IMs were separately purified by @entity10062 . The phagocytosis abilities and the expression profiles of genes related to various functions were compared among different populations of hepatic @entity19777 . @entity19347 (low) IMs exhibit an anti-inflammatory and tissue-protective phenotype; in contrast, @entity19347 (hi) IMs exhibit a proinflammatory, tissue-damaging phenotype. The ratio of @entity19347 (hi)/ @entity19347 (low) increases when @entity19 chronically fed @entity1068 were binged, which significantly enhanced @entity99 . Moreover, upon phagocytosis of apoptotic hepatocytes, @entity19347 (hi) IMs switch to @entity19347 (low) IMs. Taken together, chronic @entity1068 feeding induces the recruitment of two subsets of hepatic IMs, which play different or even opposite roles in regulating liver @entity32 and repair. These findings may not only increase our understanding of the complex functions of @entity19777 in the pathogenesis of @entity8019 but also help us to identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of this disease.

title: Chronic alcohol ingestion modulates hepatic macrophage populations and functions in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity575 coatings, used in many surgical devices, have demonstrated good antimicrobial activity and low @entity137 . Oncological musculoskeletal surgery have a high risk of @entity281 , so in the last decades, @entity575 -coated mega-prostheses have been introduced and are becoming increasingly widespread. In this study, a retrospective analysis of 158 cases of @entity3478 , primary or metastatic, treated between 2005- 2015 with wide margins resection and @entity5 implants reconstruction, was performed. The average age was 59 years (range 11-78 years), the same surgeon with antibiotic prophylaxis according to a standard protocol treated all @entity1 . @entity575 -coated prostheses were implanted in 58.5% of @entity1 and uncoated @entity5 prostheses in the remaining 41.5%. @entity1 were re-evaluated annually and complications were recorded, focusing analysis on infective complications. The average follow-up was 39.7 months: 23.4% of @entity1 died at a median time of 35.3 months after surgery; 18.4% developed complications that required new surgery, of which 12.6% of these were due to @entity281 . @entity1 treated with @entity575 -coated implants developed @entity281 in 2.2% of cases against the 10.7% of the @entity1 treated with standard @entity5 prosthesis. This difference between the two groups was statistically significant. The percentage of late infections occurring from 6 months after surgery was similar in both groups. @entity575 blood level taken in a sample of @entity1 at different times after surgery, always showed values well below the threshold of @entity137 and no @entity1 showed any sign of local or general @entity137 secondary to @entity575 . Our study demonstrates that @entity5 @entity575 -coated implants have a rate of @entity281 significantly lower than traditional implants, while there were no differences in the rate of late infections as described also in the literature. We recommend the use of @entity575  coated prosthesis as primary implants for limb salvage surgery in primary or metastatic @entity3478 , considering the absence of @entity137 and the lower rate of @entity281 .

title: XXXX COATED PROSTHESIS IN ONCOLOGICAL LIMB SALVAGE SURGERY REDUCE THE INFECTION RATE.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity575 :: ('MESH:D012834', 'Chemical') :: ['Silver', 'silver']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['early infection', 'infection']

answer: @entity575 :: (MESH:D012834,Chemical) :: ['SILVER']


abstract: Object It is common practice to use a new contralateral bur hole for ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement in @entity510 ( @entity510 ) @entity1 with an existing ventriculostomy. At Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, the authors have primarily used the ventriculostomy site for the VPS. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety of the 2 techniques in @entity1 with @entity510 . Methods The rates of VPS-related @entity548 , @entity281 , and proximal revision were compared between the 2 techniques in 523 @entity1 undergoing VPS placement (same site in 464 and contralateral site in 59 @entity1 ). Results The rate of new VPS-related @entity548 was significantly higher in the contralateral-site group (1.7%) than in the same-site group (0%; p = 0.006). The rate of @entity281 did not differ between the 2 groups (6.4% for same site vs 5.1% for contralateral site; p = 0.7). In multivariate analysis, higher Hunt and Hess grades (p = 0.05) and open versus endovascular treatment (p = 0.04) predicted @entity281 , but the VPS technique was not a predictive factor (p = 0.9). The rate of proximal shunt revision was 6% in the same-site group versus 8.5% in the contralateralsite group (p = 0.4). In multivariate analysis, open surgery was the only factor predicting proximal VPS revision (p = 0.05). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that the use of the ventriculostomy site for VPS placement may be feasible and safe and may not add morbidity ( @entity281 or need for revision) compared with the use of a fresh contralateral site. This rapid and simple technique also was associated with a lower risk of shunt-related @entity548 . While both techniques appear to be feasible and safe, a definitive answer to the question of which technique is superior awaits a higher level of medical evidence.

title: Comparison of techniques for ventriculoperitoneal shunting in 523 @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['VPS infection', 'infection', 'shunt infection']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']


abstract: Object It is common practice to use a new contralateral bur hole for ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement in @entity510 ( @entity510 ) @entity1 with an existing ventriculostomy. At Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, the authors have primarily used the ventriculostomy site for the VPS. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety of the 2 techniques in @entity1 with @entity510 . Methods The rates of VPS-related @entity548 , @entity281 , and proximal revision were compared between the 2 techniques in 523 @entity1 undergoing VPS placement (same site in 464 and contralateral site in 59 @entity1 ). Results The rate of new VPS-related @entity548 was significantly higher in the contralateral-site group (1.7%) than in the same-site group (0%; p = 0.006). The rate of @entity281 did not differ between the 2 groups (6.4% for same site vs 5.1% for contralateral site; p = 0.7). In multivariate analysis, higher Hunt and Hess grades (p = 0.05) and open versus endovascular treatment (p = 0.04) predicted @entity281 , but the VPS technique was not a predictive factor (p = 0.9). The rate of proximal shunt revision was 6% in the same-site group versus 8.5% in the contralateralsite group (p = 0.4). In multivariate analysis, open surgery was the only factor predicting proximal VPS revision (p = 0.05). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that the use of the ventriculostomy site for VPS placement may be feasible and safe and may not add morbidity ( @entity281 or need for revision) compared with the use of a fresh contralateral site. This rapid and simple technique also was associated with a lower risk of shunt-related @entity548 . While both techniques appear to be feasible and safe, a definitive answer to the question of which technique is superior awaits a higher level of medical evidence.

title: Comparison of techniques for ventriculoperitoneal shunting in 523 XXXX with @entity510 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Spinal cord and peripheral nerves are classically known to be damaged in @entity7960 , but the extent of cerebral involvement in the disease and its progression over time are not yet characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate @entity75 in @entity7960 METHODS: We enrolled 31 @entity1 and 40 controls, which were evaluated at baseline and after 1 and 2 years. To assess gray matter, we employed voxel-based morphometry and cortical thickness measurements. White matter was evaluated using diffusion tensor imaging. Statistical analyses were both cross-sectional and longitudinal (corrected for multiple comparisons). RESULTS: Group comparison between @entity1 and controls revealed widespread macrostructural differences at baseline: gray matter atrophy in the dentate nuclei, brainstem, and precentral gyri; and white matter atrophy in the cerebellum and superior cerebellar peduncles, brainstem, and periventricular areas. We did not identify any longitudinal volumetric change over time. There were extensive microstructural alterations, including superior cerebellar peduncles, corpus callosum, and pyramidal tracts. Longitudinal analyses identified progressive @entity854 at the corpus callosum, pyramidal tracts, and superior cerebellar peduncles after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity7960 present more widespread gray and @entity62 than previously reported, including not only infratentorial areas, but also supratentorial structures. Furthermore, @entity1 with @entity7960 have progressive @entity854 amenable to detection in a short-term follow-up.    2015 International Parkinson and @entity717 Society.

title: Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study shows progressive pyramidal and XXXX in @entity7960 .

entities_list: @entity7960 :: ('MESH:D005621', 'Disease') :: ["Friedreich's ataxia"]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinally cerebral damage']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['microstructural abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Movement Disorder']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter damage']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['callosal damage']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Spinal cord and peripheral nerves are classically known to be damaged in @entity7960 , but the extent of cerebral involvement in the disease and its progression over time are not yet characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate @entity75 in @entity7960 METHODS: We enrolled 31 @entity1 and 40 controls, which were evaluated at baseline and after 1 and 2 years. To assess gray matter, we employed voxel-based morphometry and cortical thickness measurements. White matter was evaluated using diffusion tensor imaging. Statistical analyses were both cross-sectional and longitudinal (corrected for multiple comparisons). RESULTS: Group comparison between @entity1 and controls revealed widespread macrostructural differences at baseline: gray matter atrophy in the dentate nuclei, brainstem, and precentral gyri; and white matter atrophy in the cerebellum and superior cerebellar peduncles, brainstem, and periventricular areas. We did not identify any longitudinal volumetric change over time. There were extensive microstructural alterations, including superior cerebellar peduncles, corpus callosum, and pyramidal tracts. Longitudinal analyses identified progressive @entity854 at the corpus callosum, pyramidal tracts, and superior cerebellar peduncles after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity7960 present more widespread gray and @entity62 than previously reported, including not only infratentorial areas, but also supratentorial structures. Furthermore, @entity1 with @entity7960 have progressive @entity854 amenable to detection in a short-term follow-up.    2015 International Parkinson and @entity717 Society.

title: Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study shows progressive pyramidal and @entity75 in XXXX .

answer: @entity7960 :: (MESH:D005621,Disease) :: ['Friedreich's ataxia']


abstract: Objectives. To assess the relationship between the complement activation route and clinical manifestations in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). Methods. @entity1 with @entity1252 in whom complement activation occurred were divided into two groups: those in whom the complement system was mainly activated through the classical pathway (low serum @entity19509 levels; CP group); and those in whom the complement system was solely activated through the alternative pathway (low serum C3 with normal C4 levels; AP group). Clinical manifestations were compared between the groups. Results. The CP group had higher frequencies of @entity625 , @entity11534 , and @entity1310 , and a higher prevalence of anti-DNA antibodies compared to the AP group ( @entity625 : 50.0% vs. 13.0%, p = 0.0014; @entity11534 : 37.5% vs. 13.0%, p = 0.0257; @entity1310 : 63.6% vs. 21.7%, p = 0.0003; anti-DNA antibodies: 73.9% vs. 30.4%, p = 0.0001). In contrast, the AP group had a higher frequency of anti-phospholipid (anti-PL) antibodies and a higher prevalence of @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) (anti-PL antibodies: 70.6% vs. 37.3%, p = 0.0136; @entity1701 : 39.1% vs. 5.7%, p < 0.0001). Conclusions. Our results suggest that a different complement system mechanism may act in the pathogenesis of @entity1701 in @entity1 with @entity1252 .

title: Relationship of complement activation route with clinical manifestations in Japanese @entity1 with XXXX : A retrospective observational study.

entities_list: @entity1310 :: ('MESH:D009393', 'Disease') :: ['nephritis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['APS', 'antiphospholipid syndrome']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: Objectives. To assess the relationship between the complement activation route and clinical manifestations in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). Methods. @entity1 with @entity1252 in whom complement activation occurred were divided into two groups: those in whom the complement system was mainly activated through the classical pathway (low serum @entity19509 levels; CP group); and those in whom the complement system was solely activated through the alternative pathway (low serum C3 with normal C4 levels; AP group). Clinical manifestations were compared between the groups. Results. The CP group had higher frequencies of @entity625 , @entity11534 , and @entity1310 , and a higher prevalence of anti-DNA antibodies compared to the AP group ( @entity625 : 50.0% vs. 13.0%, p = 0.0014; @entity11534 : 37.5% vs. 13.0%, p = 0.0257; @entity1310 : 63.6% vs. 21.7%, p = 0.0003; anti-DNA antibodies: 73.9% vs. 30.4%, p = 0.0001). In contrast, the AP group had a higher frequency of anti-phospholipid (anti-PL) antibodies and a higher prevalence of @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) (anti-PL antibodies: 70.6% vs. 37.3%, p = 0.0136; @entity1701 : 39.1% vs. 5.7%, p < 0.0001). Conclusions. Our results suggest that a different complement system mechanism may act in the pathogenesis of @entity1701 in @entity1 with @entity1252 .

title: Relationship of complement activation route with clinical manifestations in Japanese XXXX with @entity1252 : A retrospective observational study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of @entity9040 ( @entity9040 ) in bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) and the in vivo and in vitro osteogenic activity of BMSCs transfected with the adenovirus plasmid, Ad-GFP- @entity1841 . The Ad-GFP- @entity1841 plasmid was packaged and transfected into @entity95 BMSCs to determine the transfection rate. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities of Ad-GFP- @entity1841 -transfected BMSCs (experimental group) and untransfected BMSCs (control group) were detected. In situ hybridization of type I collagen and Western blot were used to determine the @entity9040 gene and protein expressions. The transfected and untransfected BMSCs were respectively inoculated into @entity19 to observe in vivo osteogenesis. The decalcified @entity291 cancellous bone scaffold was respectively combined with transfected and untransfected BMSCs and implanted into @entity154 in @entity95 to repair the bone. The adenovirus titer was 1.2x10(10) pfu/mL. Green fluorescent protein expression appeared 48 h after transfection with the adenovirus plasmid, and the transfection rate was 71.1%. The ALP activity was higher in the experimental group than the control group at each time point after transfection. The gene and protein expressions of @entity9040 were higher in the experimental group than the control group. The positive rates of in vivo osteogenesis in the experimental and control groups were 90% and 40%, respectively. The bone defect repair effects differed markedly between the two groups. The @entity9040 gene can be highly expressed in BMSCs to successfully induce osteogenic differentiation. BMSCs can be used as seed cells for bone tissue engineering.

title: In vivo osteogenic activity of bone marrow stromal stem cells transfected with Ad-GFP- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['ulnar defects']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

answer: @entity1841 :: (650,Gene) :: ['hBMP-2']


abstract: Congenital @entity5847 is a rare @entity2085 . As a congenital laryngeal mucocele, its clinical manifestations include repeated @entity2459 and even suffocation accompanied by @entity13350 after birth. During food intake, bucking and vomiting is a key feature. Delay in diagnosis and treatment of the disease affects growth and the development of neonatorum leading to suffocation and @entity204 . This study was designed to investigate the safety of anesthesia in @entity1 with congenital @entity5847 during operation to reduce the occurrence of its complications. The treatment of operations on 12 @entity1 with congenital @entity5847 were retrospectively analyzed. Twelve cases of @entity1 with @entity5847 received emergency enucleation. Owing to adequate preanesthetic preparation, cystectomies were successfully performed with microwave cauterization under suspension laryngoscopy. None of the 12 @entity1 showed apparent suffocation during anesthesia, the surgical results were good, and after 6 months to 1 year of follow-up, the disease had not recurred. Because of the acute onset of the disease and its severe symptoms and complications, attention should be paid to improve preoperative preparation. Careful selection of proper anesthesia is the key to achieving a successful operation.

title: Anesthesia treatment in cases of XXXX epiglottis cyst emergency extirpation operations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity13350 :: ('MESH:D012135', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal stridor']

entities_list: @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic disease']

entities_list: @entity5847 :: ('MESH:D004826', 'Disease') :: ['epiglottic cyst', 'epiglottic cysts']

entities_list: @entity2459 :: ('MESH:D003639', 'Disease') :: ['sudden dyspneic respiration']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to elucidate whether @entity415 consumption is associated with a higher risk of @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed data in three cohorts consisting of U.S. male and female health professionals without @entity6 , @entity65 , and @entity5 at baseline: 70,773 @entity1 from the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2010), 87,739 @entity1 from Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2011), and 40,669 @entity1 from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2010). @entity415 consumption was assessed quadrennially using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), and we calculated 4-year change in @entity415 consumption from consecutive FFQs. Self-reported @entity2175 diagnosis was confirmed using a validated supplementary questionnaire. RESULTS: During 3,988,007 @entity1 -years of follow-up, 15,362 new cases of @entity2175 were identified. Higher consumption of total @entity415 (including baked, boiled, or mashed @entity415 and french fries) was significantly associated with an elevated risk for @entity2175 : the pooled hazard ratio (HR) of @entity2175 compared with <1 serving/week was 1.07 (95% CI 0.97-1.18) for 2-4 servings/week and 1.33 (95% CI 1.17-1.52) for >= 7 servings/week after adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors. In addition, the pooled HRs of @entity2175 for every 3 servings/week were 1.04 (95% CI 1.01-1.08) for baked, boiled, or mashed @entity415 , and 1.19 (95% CI 1.13-1.25) for french fries. We further estimated that the HR of @entity2175 was 0.88 (95% CI 0.84-0.91) for replacing 3 servings/week of total @entity415 with the same amount of whole grains. Last, in comparison with stable @entity415 consumption, every 3-servings/week increment of @entity415 consumption in 4 years was associated with a 4% (95% CI 0-8%) higher @entity2175 risk. CONCLUSIONS: Greater consumption of @entity415 , especially french fries, was associated with a higher @entity2175 risk, independent of BMI and other risk factors. Replacement of @entity415 with whole grains was associated with a lower @entity2175 risk.

title: @entity415 Consumption and Risk of Type 2 XXXX : Results from Three Prospective Cohort Studies.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes', 'T2D']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity415 :: ('4113', 'Species') :: ['Potato', 'potato', 'potatoes']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to elucidate whether @entity415 consumption is associated with a higher risk of @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed data in three cohorts consisting of U.S. male and female health professionals without @entity6 , @entity65 , and @entity5 at baseline: 70,773 @entity1 from the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2010), 87,739 @entity1 from Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2011), and 40,669 @entity1 from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2010). @entity415 consumption was assessed quadrennially using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), and we calculated 4-year change in @entity415 consumption from consecutive FFQs. Self-reported @entity2175 diagnosis was confirmed using a validated supplementary questionnaire. RESULTS: During 3,988,007 @entity1 -years of follow-up, 15,362 new cases of @entity2175 were identified. Higher consumption of total @entity415 (including baked, boiled, or mashed @entity415 and french fries) was significantly associated with an elevated risk for @entity2175 : the pooled hazard ratio (HR) of @entity2175 compared with <1 serving/week was 1.07 (95% CI 0.97-1.18) for 2-4 servings/week and 1.33 (95% CI 1.17-1.52) for >= 7 servings/week after adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors. In addition, the pooled HRs of @entity2175 for every 3 servings/week were 1.04 (95% CI 1.01-1.08) for baked, boiled, or mashed @entity415 , and 1.19 (95% CI 1.13-1.25) for french fries. We further estimated that the HR of @entity2175 was 0.88 (95% CI 0.84-0.91) for replacing 3 servings/week of total @entity415 with the same amount of whole grains. Last, in comparison with stable @entity415 consumption, every 3-servings/week increment of @entity415 consumption in 4 years was associated with a 4% (95% CI 0-8%) higher @entity2175 risk. CONCLUSIONS: Greater consumption of @entity415 , especially french fries, was associated with a higher @entity2175 risk, independent of BMI and other risk factors. Replacement of @entity415 with whole grains was associated with a lower @entity2175 risk.

title: XXXX Consumption and Risk of Type 2 @entity6 : Results from Three Prospective Cohort Studies.

answer: @entity415 :: (4113,Species) :: ['Potato']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2642 are supportive in the regulation and modulation of various physiological processes in body, they acts as precursors in nucleic acid synthesis, enhance immune response, help in absorption of @entity68 and influence the metabolism of @entity1718 . Cordyceps sinensis and Ganoderma lucidum are well-known for its use in traditional medicine of China, Nepal and India. They are rich in @entity2642 such as @entity5536 , @entity859 , @entity1883 , etc. Hence, a simple, economic and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical method was proposed for determination of @entity5536 and @entity859 for the quality control of plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chromatographic experiments were conducted on YL9100 HPLC system (South Korea). Reversed-phase chromatography was performed on a C18 column with @entity1042 and @entity47525 as the mobile phase in isocratic elution method at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Detection was carried out at 254 nm, which gives a sharp peak of @entity5536 and @entity859 at a retention time of 6.53    0.02 min and 12.41    0.02, respectively. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed a good linear relationship between response and concentration in the range of 25-200   g/mL for @entity859 and 100-800   g/mL for @entity5536 with regression coefficient of 0.999 and 0.996, respectively. The @entity5536 was found 0.16% and 0.71% w/w in G. lucidum and in @entity2441 , respectively, and @entity859 was found to be 0.14% w/w in G. lucidum whereas absent in @entity2441 . CONCLUSION: The developed HPLC method for the quantification of @entity859 and @entity5536 can be used for the quality control and standardization of crude drug and for the different herbal formulations, in which @entity5536 and @entity859 are present as major constituents. The wide linearity range, sensitivity, accuracy, and simple mobile phase imply the method is suitable for routine quantification of @entity859 and @entity5536 with high precision and accuracy.

title: Determination of XXXX in Cordyceps sinensis and Ganoderma lucidum by high performance liquid chromatography method.

entities_list: @entity2642 :: ('MESH:D009705', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleosides', 'Nucleosides']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity47525 :: ('CHEBI:39745', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrogen phosphate']

entities_list: @entity1883 :: ('MESH:C058120', 'Chemical') :: ['cordycepin']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity2642 :: (MESH:D009705,Chemical) :: ['nucleosides']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescent @entity2112 is the most common type of @entity85 , and whilst the isk of progression appears to be biomechanically mediated (larger deformities are more likely to progress), the detailed biomechanical mechanisms driving progression are not well understood. Gravitational forces in the upright position are the primary sustained loads experienced by the spine. In @entity1635 they are asymmetrical, generating moments about the @entity2720 which may promote asymmetrical growth and @entity85 . Using 3D imaging modalities to estimate segmental torso masses allows the gravitational loading on the scoliotic spine to be determined. The resulting distribution of joint moments aids understanding of the mechanics of @entity1635 progression. METHODS: Existing low-dose CT scans were used to estimate torso segment masses and joint moments for 20 female @entity1635 @entity1 . Intervertebral joint moments at each vertebral level were found by summing the moments of each of the torso segment masses above the required joint. RESULTS: The @entity1 ' mean age was 15.3  years ( @entity168 2.3; range 11.9-22.3  years); mean thoracic major Cobb angle 52(  ) ( @entity168 5.9(  ); range 42-63(  )) and mean weight 57.5  kg ( @entity168 11.5  kg; range 41-84.7  kg). Joint moments of up to 7  Nm were estimated at the apical level. No significant correlation was found between the @entity1 ' major Cobb angles and apical joint moments. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with larger Cobb angles do not necessarily have higher joint moments, and curve shape is an important determinant of joint moment distribution. These findings may help to explain the variations in progression between individual @entity1 . This study suggests that substantial corrective forces are required of either internal instrumentation or orthoses to effectively counter the gravity-induced moments acting to deform the @entity2720 of @entity2112 @entity1 .

title: Gravity-induced XXXX in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity2112 :: ('MESH:C564593', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scoliosis', 'Idiopathic Scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['spinal joints']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformity', 'deformity progression']

answer: @entity2720 :: (MESH:D007592,Disease) :: ['coronal plane joint moments']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: ABC transporters, @entity7895 , @entity3970 , @entity28671 and @entity11092 , can bind both endo- and exogenous ligands. The latter include immunosuppressive, anticancer sedative, anticonvulsant, antiparasitic and cardiovascular drugs, as well as @entity645 protease inhibitors and antibiotics. Protein transporters are also involved in tissue distribution of orally administered medicines in combination therapy for @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and could be used during @entity6 treatment. The distribution depends on transporter specificity its expression and subcellular localization. THE AIM: The aim of the study was to compare @entity7895 , @entity3970 , @entity28671 and @entity11092 localization in placental tissues from normal and @entity6 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Tissue samples were taken from 10 normal and 10 @entity6 placentas. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed with the use of adequate monoclonal antibodies. Avidin- @entity1885 -peroxidase complex method was used for the visualization of antigen-antibody complexes. RESULTS: @entity7895 , @entity3970 and @entity28671 were found in all parts of normal @entity1 placenta i.e. the @entity2907 epithelium, cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast and decidual cells. @entity7895 and @entity28671 , but not @entity3970 and @entity11092 , were also localized on the endothelial cells of fetal blood vessels in the chorionic plate, as well as stem and tertiary villi. @entity11092 expression was observed in the cytotrophoblast and the syncytiotrophoblast. Its expression was very low or undetectable in the @entity2907 epithelium and the majority of decidual cells. Immunohistochemical reactions within the syncytiotrophoblast showed apical ( @entity7895 , @entity28671 ), apical and basal ( @entity11092 ) or diffuse ( @entity3970 ) distribution. The main changes observed in @entity6 placentas included weaker @entity11092 and @entity3970 positive reactions in the syncytiotrophoblast, slightly lower expression of @entity7895 in the decidual and @entity2907 epithelial cells, and @entity3970 in the @entity2907 epithelium. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that @entity6 -related changes in the environment of placental cells do not substantially influence tissue and subcellular location of ABC transporters. Nevertheless, the expression of @entity7895 , @entity3970 and @entity11092 may be lower in comparison to normal placentas. Basal syncytiotrophoblast transporters, @entity11092 and @entity3970 , seem to be more sensitive to the influence of @entity6 than apical proteins, what may result in altered biodisposition of endogenous substrates and drugs.

title: Immunolocalization of ABC drug transporters in @entity1 placenta from normal and gestational XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes mellitus', 'GDM diabetic pregnancies', 'GDM']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic pregnancies']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: ABC transporters, @entity7895 , @entity3970 , @entity28671 and @entity11092 , can bind both endo- and exogenous ligands. The latter include immunosuppressive, anticancer sedative, anticonvulsant, antiparasitic and cardiovascular drugs, as well as @entity645 protease inhibitors and antibiotics. Protein transporters are also involved in tissue distribution of orally administered medicines in combination therapy for @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and could be used during @entity6 treatment. The distribution depends on transporter specificity its expression and subcellular localization. THE AIM: The aim of the study was to compare @entity7895 , @entity3970 , @entity28671 and @entity11092 localization in placental tissues from normal and @entity6 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Tissue samples were taken from 10 normal and 10 @entity6 placentas. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed with the use of adequate monoclonal antibodies. Avidin- @entity1885 -peroxidase complex method was used for the visualization of antigen-antibody complexes. RESULTS: @entity7895 , @entity3970 and @entity28671 were found in all parts of normal @entity1 placenta i.e. the @entity2907 epithelium, cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast and decidual cells. @entity7895 and @entity28671 , but not @entity3970 and @entity11092 , were also localized on the endothelial cells of fetal blood vessels in the chorionic plate, as well as stem and tertiary villi. @entity11092 expression was observed in the cytotrophoblast and the syncytiotrophoblast. Its expression was very low or undetectable in the @entity2907 epithelium and the majority of decidual cells. Immunohistochemical reactions within the syncytiotrophoblast showed apical ( @entity7895 , @entity28671 ), apical and basal ( @entity11092 ) or diffuse ( @entity3970 ) distribution. The main changes observed in @entity6 placentas included weaker @entity11092 and @entity3970 positive reactions in the syncytiotrophoblast, slightly lower expression of @entity7895 in the decidual and @entity2907 epithelial cells, and @entity3970 in the @entity2907 epithelium. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that @entity6 -related changes in the environment of placental cells do not substantially influence tissue and subcellular location of ABC transporters. Nevertheless, the expression of @entity7895 , @entity3970 and @entity11092 may be lower in comparison to normal placentas. Basal syncytiotrophoblast transporters, @entity11092 and @entity3970 , seem to be more sensitive to the influence of @entity6 than apical proteins, what may result in altered biodisposition of endogenous substrates and drugs.

title: Immunolocalization of ABC drug transporters in XXXX placenta from normal and gestational @entity6 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Comparative enzymology explores the molecular mechanisms that alter the properties of enzymes to best fit and adapt them to the biotic demands and abiotic stresses that affect the cellular environment in which these protein catalysts function. For many years, comparative enzymology was primarily concerned with analyzing enzyme functional properties (e.g. substrate affinities, allosteric effectors, responses to temperature or pH, stabilizers, denaturants, etc.) in order to determine how enzyme properties were optimized to function under changing conditions. More recently it became apparent that posttranslational modifications of enzymes play a huge role in metabolic regulation. At first, such modifications appeared to target just crucial regulatory enzymes but recent work is showing that many dehydrogenases are also targets of posttranslational modification leading to substantial changes in enzyme properties. The present article focuses in particular on @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH) showing that stress-induced changes in enzyme properties can be linked with reversible posttranslational modifications; e.g. changes in the phosphorylation state of LDH occur in response to @entity2700 stress in frogs and @entity519 exposure of turtles and snails. Furthermore, these studies show that LDH is also a target of other posttranslational modifications including acetylation, methylation and ubiquitination that change in response to @entity519 or @entity2700 stress. Selected new methods for exploring posttranslational modifications of dehydrogenases are discussed and new challenges for the future of comparative enzymology are presented that will help to achieve a deeper understanding of biochemical adaptation through enzyme regulation.

title: Comparative enzymology-new insights from studies of an "old" enzyme, XXXX dehydrogenase.

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on multimodal @entity1337 after total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: Sixty @entity1 diagnosed as @entity626 and suffered unilateral total knee arthroplasty in the department of orthopedics, Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2009 to May 2012 were randomly divided into control group and test group, 30 cases in each group. All the @entity1 received @entity12698 preoperatively, knee periarticular injection with the drug mixture intraoperatively, and @entity12698 and @entity1286 controlled-release tablets postoperatively. The @entity1 in the test group were also treated with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation each day after operation. All the @entity1 started doing functional exercises at 24 h after operation. Postoperative visual analogue scales(VAS), @entity2720 were recorded. RESULTS: The VAS scores of test group during postoperative 24 h to 1 week were 3.39 +/- 0.69, 2.79 +/- 0.51, 2.16 +/- 0.52, and 1.07 +/- 0.57 separately,which were lower than 3.80 +/- 0.86, 3.22 +/- 0.58, 2.53 +/- 0.54 and 1.38 +/- 0.52 in the control group. The passive and active range of knee joint motion in the test group during postoperative 24 h to 2 weeks were (30.67 +/- 3.65) degrees, (39.17 +/- 3.96) degrees, (47.83 +/- 4.86) degrees, (93.67 +/- 7.30) degrees, (107.67 +/- 7.51) degrees and (29.83 +/- 5.33) degrees, (78.33 +/- 8.24) degrees, (95.17 +/- 5.94) degrees respectively,which were higher than (28.67 +/- 3.92) degrees, (36.83 +/- 4.25) degrees, (45.17 +/- 5.17) degrees, (89.83 +/- 7.25) degrees, (103.17 +/- 7.37) degrees and (24.17 +/- 10.26) degrees, (73.83 +/- 9.07) degrees, (91.33 +/- 7.42) degrees in the control group. In the test group, 19 @entity1 had ring-shaped haemostasis impression to some extent in the skin of knee joint to different degree, and 5 @entity1 had @entity4530 formation. CONCLUSION: It is meaningful to apply transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for treating multimodal @entity1337 after total knee arthroplasty,which can not only relieve @entity1 ' @entity282 , and also promote the rehabilitation of knee function as far as possible.

title: [Application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to multimodal XXXX after total knee arthroplasty].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine sulfate']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['passive and active range of motion of knee joint,and complications']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study clinical effects of the over-articular external fixator combined with limited internal fixation for the treatment of @entity174 caused by high energy. METHODS: From September 2003 to April 2011, 36 @entity1 with @entity174 caused by high energy were treated with the over-articular external fixator combined with limited internal fixator. There were 25 males and 11 females, ranging in age from 16 to 72 years old,with an average of 38 years old. The diagnoses of all @entity1 were determined by conventional X-ray examination or three-dimensional spiral CT examination. The AOFAS scoring criteria was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects. The @entity1 with comminuted @entity174 were treated with screw or Kirschner wire fixation without uncovering periost so as to enhance stability between @entity174 end and bone blocks,followed by the fixation with over-articular external fixators. RESULTS: All the @entity1 were followed up, and the duration ranged from 4 to 27 months, with an average of 13 months. Thirty-two @entity1 got wound healing at the first stage. And the bone union duration ranged from 2 to 6 months, with a mean of 3 months. According to the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot subjective scoring standard, 13 @entity1 got an excellent result, 20 good and 3 fair, with an score of 88.2 +/- 3.6. Twelve @entity1 had @entity281 at pinhole, 5 @entity1 had @entity158 . One @entity1 had the fixator broken induced by over loading, who was cured after treatment. There were no complications such as nerve or @entity1317 , or @entity4034 . CONCLUSION: The over-articular external fixation combined with limited internal fixation for the treatment of @entity174 caused by high energy is an ideal method, which has such advantages as reliable fixation, simple operation, coincidence with principles of biomechanical fixation, and benefit for @entity174 healing.

title: [Over-articular external fixator combined with limited internal fixation for the treatment of high-energy XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Pilon fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pinhole pain']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injuries']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Pilon fractures']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We previously demonstrated that a single-chain fragment variable (scFv) specific to collagen type II (CII) posttranslationally modified by reactive @entity26 species (ROS) can be used to target anti-inflammatory therapeutics specifically to inflamed @entity2720 . The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the superior efficacy of anti-inflammatory cytokines when targeted to inflamed @entity2720 by the anti-ROS modified CII (anti-ROS-CII) scFv in a @entity19 model of @entity625 . METHODS: Viral @entity1618 (vIL-10) was fused to anti-ROS-CII scFv (1-11E) with a matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP) cleavable linker to create 1-11E/vIL-10 fusion. Binding of 1-11E/vIL-10 to ROS-CII was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting, and immune-staining of arthritic cartilage, whereas vIL-10 bioactivity was evaluated in vitro by using an @entity19 cell-proliferation assay. Specific in vivo localization and therapeutic efficacy of 1-11E/vIL-10 was tested in the @entity19 model of antigen-induced @entity625 . RESULTS: 1-11E/vIL-10 bound specifically to ROS-CII and to damaged arthritic cartilage. Interestingly, the in vitro vIL-10 activity in the fusion protein was observed only after cleavage with @entity5782 . When systemically administered to arthritic @entity19 , 1-11E/vIL-10 localized specifically to the arthritic knee, with peak accumulation observed after 3 days. Moreover, 1-11E/vIL-10 reduced @entity32 significantly quicker than vIL-10 fused to the control anti-hen egg lysozyme scFv (C7/vIL10). CONCLUSIONS: Targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory cytokines potentiates their anti-arthritic action in a @entity19 model of @entity625 . Our results further support the hypothesis that targeting biotherapeutics to @entity2720 may be extended to include anti-inflammatory cytokines that lack efficacy when administered systemically.

title: Targeting of viral XXXX with an antibody fragment specific to damaged arthritic cartilage improves its therapeutic potency.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['arthritic joints']

answer: @entity1618 :: (16153(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['interleukin-10']


abstract: Background. The aims of the study were to determine the incidence rate of pediatric @entity29 (PIBD) and its trends for the period of 2002-2010 and to assess the geographical distribution of PIBD in Slovenia. Materials and Methods. Medical records of @entity1 (0-18 years) with newly diagnosed @entity8787 during the study period were retrospectively reviewed. Results. The mean incidence rate for @entity8787 in 2002-2010 was 7.6 per 100,000 @entity1 and adolescents per year, 4.5 for @entity30 ( @entity30 ), 2.9 for @entity31 ( @entity31 ), and 0.2 for @entity8787 -unclassified, respectively. The incidence rate increased from 5.8 per 100,000 per year in 2002-2004 to 8.6 in 2005-2007 and remained stable afterwards. Statistically significant difference in the incidence rate between the Northeastern and Southwestern parts of the country was observed (p = 0.025). Conclusion. This nationwide study demonstrates that Slovenia is among the European countries with the highest PIBD incidence. During the study period a substantial rise of PIBD incidence was observed during the first half of the study and it seems to have stabilized in the second half. The significant difference in PIBD incidence between Northeastern and Southwestern parts of the country merits further exploration of the possible environmental factors.

title: Incidence Trends and Geographical Variability of Pediatric XXXX in Slovenia: A Nationwide Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['Inflammatory Bowel Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A greater burden of @entity64 risk factors in general is associated with a higher risk for @entity64 among @entity1 of lower than those of higher socioeconomic position. The relative impact of individual @entity64 risk factors is still unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied the relations between socioeconomic position, measured as household income and length of education, and all hospital admissions for a first @entity385 among 54 048 @entity1 over the age of 40 years in Denmark in 2003-2012 in comparison with the general Danish population (23.5 million @entity1 -years). We also studied the @entity65 factor profile associated with socioeconomic position in @entity64 @entity1 . Relative risks for @entity64 were estimated in log-linear Poisson regression models. The risk for hospitalization for a first @entity385 was almost doubled for @entity1 in the lowest income group, and the risk of those of working age (<65 years) was increased by 36% among @entity1 with the shortest education. @entity6 , @entity28 , smoking, and high @entity167 consumption in particular and, to a lesser extent, previous @entity583 or intermittent arterial claudication were significantly overrepresented among @entity64 @entity1 with lower socioeconomic position. @entity955 and @entity101 were not. CONCLUSIONS: In Denmark, there is a strong relation between low socioeconomic position and risk for hospitalization for @entity64 . Lifestyle, as indicated by smoking, @entity28 , and @entity167 consumption, and @entity6 appears to increase the risk for @entity64 in @entity1 with lower socioeconomic position.

title: Socioeconomic position and incidence of XXXX in denmark 2003-2012. A nationwide hospital-based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person', 'people']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: AIM: To assess complex radiodiagnosis and highly specialized medical care as knee joint replacement (KJR) to @entity1 with @entity2720 ( @entity2720 ) who live in the Republic of Kazakhstan. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The results of examination and treatment were analyzed in 40 @entity1 with knee @entity2720 who were treated at the specialized Polytrauma Unit, Republican Research Center for Emergency Health Care. All @entity1 with @entity447 underwent joint X-ray study, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray densitometry and ultrasound osteometry on admission and after KJR. RESULTS: Joint X-ray studies and computed tomography revealed that all the @entity1 had Grades II-III arthroses with severe @entity2720 , their multiple involvements of different grades, which depended on the rate of recurrent @entity5631 . Ultrasound study (USS) is the only mini-invasive method to control surgical hemostasis in hemophiliac @entity1 after KJR. Osteodensitometry revealed @entity2331 and @entity170 in all the @entity1 with @entity447 , which was a basis for prescribing @entity460 preparations in the early postoperative period for the prevention of instability of endoprosthetic components. We elaborated an algorithm for combination treatment in @entity2720 @entity1 , which involved knee joint replacement. CONCLUSION: Highly specialized medical care to hemophilic @entity1 and active introduction of the early surgical rehabilitation of the affected joint in their combination treatment contributed to the increased number of positive results, by restoring the quality of life in the @entity1 : excellent, good, and satisfactory anatomic and functional results were obtained in 26.7, 51.1, and 22.2%, respectively. USS and MRI could evaluate joint changes in @entity2720 in detail, which plays an important role in the estimation of the course time of the disease, in the planning of endoprosthetic replacement, and in the timely prevention of severe complications of @entity2720 . Osteodensitometry makes it possible to monitor bone mineral density around the prosthesis and to postoperatively prevent endoprosthetic instability.

title: [Radiodiagnosis and knee joint replacement in XXXX in Kazakhstan residents].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['hemophilia', 'hemophilia A']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['HA', 'dysfunction of joints', 'hemophilic arthropathies']

entities_list: @entity5631 :: ('MESH:D006395', 'Disease') :: ['hemarthrosis']

answer: @entity2720 :: (MESH:D007592,Disease) :: ['hemophilic arthropathies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Surgical treatment of @entity15809 ( @entity15809 ) has evolved over the previous 2 decades to a predominantly endoscopic approach. In this study, we review our experience with endoscopic staple-assisted diverticulostomy (ESD) for treatment of @entity15809 from 2002 to 2011. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 359 primary and revision ESD procedures performed on 337 unique @entity1 between September 2002 and December 2011. Data were tabulated for age, sex, size of diverticulum, time to symptom recurrence, complications, and relief of symptoms. RESULTS: Of 337 attempted primary ESD procedures, 3.9% (N = 13) were aborted due to inadequate exposure. Of 324 @entity1 who underwent primary ESD, 93.8% (N = 304) reported postoperative improvement of @entity1282 symptoms. There was a 4.0% (N = 13) major complication rate. @entity1 -reported recurrence of symptoms occurred in 7.1% (N = 23) of primary ESD @entity1 but was not significantly associated with diverticulum size (P = .9765). Twenty-one @entity1 underwent revision ESD, with 95% (N = 20) of @entity1 reporting improvement and 4.8% (N = 1) developing recurrent symptoms. CONCLUSION: Primary and revision ESD were shown to have similar success at relieving the symptoms of @entity15809 , with low procedure abandonment and perioperative complication rates. Further @entity1 follow-up is needed to determine the durability of symptom improvement and @entity15809 recurrence rate following ESD.

title: Endoscopic Staple Diverticulostomy for XXXX : Review of Experience in 337 Cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity15809 :: ('MESH:D016672', 'Disease') :: ['ZD', "Zenker's diverticulum"]

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity15809 :: (MESH:D016672,Disease) :: ['Zenker's Diverticulum']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In 2010, a new TNM staging system was published by American Joint Committee on Cancer, changing the nodal classification to include the presence of common iliac lymph node (LN) involvement as N3 category. The objective of this study was to define the capability of the current TNM nodal classification to separate @entity1 with different prognostic stages and to evaluate the effect of @entity1600 burden. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 93 @entity1 with metastatic LNs after radical cystectomy and extended LN dissection for @entity189 of the bladder between 1999 and 2012 were included. The median follow-up was 21.5 months. The correlation between N3 and indicators of @entity1600 burden was analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards methods. RESULTS: The presence of N3 disease was associated with higher number of metastatic LNs (7 vs. 2, P<0.01); however, this was highly variable and correlation coefficients between common iliac metastatic LNs and other @entity3329 burden indicators demonstrated weak association (0.39-0.63). @entity1 with N1 lesions were found to have a distinct @entity1349 and @entity1349 (P<0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). A trend toward worse @entity1349 (P = 0.07) and @entity1349 (P = 0.08) was observed in @entity1 with N3 lesions. However, no difference in @entity1349 or @entity1349 was found between @entity1 with N2 and N3 lesions (P = 0.83 and 0.50, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The N3 category in the current TNM classification defines a group of @entity1 with high but heterogeneous disease burden. This may be the explanation for its lack of prognostic stratification when compared with N2 category @entity150 .

title: Critical analysis of the 2010 TNM classification in @entity1 with XXXX : Influence of @entity1600 burden.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic disease']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['LN disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'RFS', 'Recurrence-free survival', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['lymph node-positive bladder cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In 2010, a new TNM staging system was published by American Joint Committee on Cancer, changing the nodal classification to include the presence of common iliac lymph node (LN) involvement as N3 category. The objective of this study was to define the capability of the current TNM nodal classification to separate @entity1 with different prognostic stages and to evaluate the effect of @entity1600 burden. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 93 @entity1 with metastatic LNs after radical cystectomy and extended LN dissection for @entity189 of the bladder between 1999 and 2012 were included. The median follow-up was 21.5 months. The correlation between N3 and indicators of @entity1600 burden was analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards methods. RESULTS: The presence of N3 disease was associated with higher number of metastatic LNs (7 vs. 2, P<0.01); however, this was highly variable and correlation coefficients between common iliac metastatic LNs and other @entity3329 burden indicators demonstrated weak association (0.39-0.63). @entity1 with N1 lesions were found to have a distinct @entity1349 and @entity1349 (P<0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). A trend toward worse @entity1349 (P = 0.07) and @entity1349 (P = 0.08) was observed in @entity1 with N3 lesions. However, no difference in @entity1349 or @entity1349 was found between @entity1 with N2 and N3 lesions (P = 0.83 and 0.50, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The N3 category in the current TNM classification defines a group of @entity1 with high but heterogeneous disease burden. This may be the explanation for its lack of prognostic stratification when compared with N2 category @entity150 .

title: Critical analysis of the 2010 TNM classification in @entity1 with @entity150 : Influence of XXXX burden.

answer: @entity1600 :: (MESH:D014388,Disease) :: ['lymph node disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In 2010, a new TNM staging system was published by American Joint Committee on Cancer, changing the nodal classification to include the presence of common iliac lymph node (LN) involvement as N3 category. The objective of this study was to define the capability of the current TNM nodal classification to separate @entity1 with different prognostic stages and to evaluate the effect of @entity1600 burden. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 93 @entity1 with metastatic LNs after radical cystectomy and extended LN dissection for @entity189 of the bladder between 1999 and 2012 were included. The median follow-up was 21.5 months. The correlation between N3 and indicators of @entity1600 burden was analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards methods. RESULTS: The presence of N3 disease was associated with higher number of metastatic LNs (7 vs. 2, P<0.01); however, this was highly variable and correlation coefficients between common iliac metastatic LNs and other @entity3329 burden indicators demonstrated weak association (0.39-0.63). @entity1 with N1 lesions were found to have a distinct @entity1349 and @entity1349 (P<0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). A trend toward worse @entity1349 (P = 0.07) and @entity1349 (P = 0.08) was observed in @entity1 with N3 lesions. However, no difference in @entity1349 or @entity1349 was found between @entity1 with N2 and N3 lesions (P = 0.83 and 0.50, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The N3 category in the current TNM classification defines a group of @entity1 with high but heterogeneous disease burden. This may be the explanation for its lack of prognostic stratification when compared with N2 category @entity150 .

title: Critical analysis of the 2010 TNM classification in XXXX with @entity150 : Influence of @entity1600 burden.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore the potential prognostic significance of the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) in @entity1 with nonmetastatic @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ), as the LMR has been repeatedly proposed to have a negative effect on @entity1  s survival in various hematological and solid @entity5 . However, findings about LMR  s prognostic significance in @entity1358 have not been reported yet. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively evaluated the prognostic significance of the LMR in a cohort comprising 678 @entity1 with nonmetastatic clear cell @entity1358 , who were operated between 2000 and 2010 with curative radical or partial nephrectomy at a single tertiary academic center. Preoperative LMR was calculated 1 day before surgical intervention. @entity1 were categorized using an LMR cutoff of 3.0. Cancer-specific survival (CSS), @entity3 -free survival, and overall survival were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. To evaluate the independent prognostic significance of the LMR, multivariate Cox regression models were applied. Additionally, the influence of the LMR on the predictive accuracy of the Leibovich prognosis score was determined using the Harrell concordance index (c-index) and decision curve analysis. RESULTS: Low LMR was statistically significantly associated with older @entity1 (>= 65y), high @entity5 grade (G3+G4), advanced pathologic T category ( @entity1803 +pT4), the presence of histologic @entity5 @entity39 , and male gender (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis identified a low LMR as an independent prognostic factor for @entity1   CSS (hazard ratio = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.10-4.94; P = 0.027). The estimated c-index was 0.83 using the Leibovich prognosis score and 0.86 when the LMR was added. CONCLUSIONS: Regarding CSS of @entity1 with @entity1358 , a decreased LMR represents an independent prognostic factor. Adding the LMR to well-established prognostic models, such as the Leibovich prognosis score, might improve their predictive ability.

title: Low preoperative lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) represents a potentially poor prognostic factor in nonmetastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['clear cell renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Prior studies have suggested that @entity419 PET/CT can help characterize @entity75 and differentiate adrenal metastases from benign lesions. The aim of this study was to assess the value of @entity419 PET/CT for the differentiation of malignant from benign @entity75 . METHODS: This retrospective study included 85 @entity1 (47 @entity1 and 38 @entity1 , age 63.8        10.8  years) who had undergone @entity419 PET/CT (60  min after injection 300  -  370  MBq @entity419 ; Biograph 64 scanner) for evaluation of 102 nonsecreting @entity774 . For semiquantitative analysis, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), adrenal to liver (T/L) SUVmax ratio, mean CT attenuation value and @entity5 diameter were measured in all lesions and compared with the pathological findings. RESULTS: @entity5 (68  % of evaluated @entity5 ) had a significantly higher mean SUVmax (13.0        7.1 vs. 3.7        3.0), a higher T/L SUVmax ratio (4.2        2.6 vs. 1.0        0.9), a higher CT attenuation value (31.9        16. 7  HU vs. 0.2        25.8  HU) and a greater diameter (43.6        23.7  mm vs. 25.6        13.3  mm) than benign lesions. The false-positive findings were @entity378 and @entity5 . Based on ROC analysis, a T/L SUVmax ratio >1.53, an adrenal SUVmax >5.2, an attenuation value >24  HU and a @entity5 diameter >30  mm were chosen as the optimal cut-off values for differentiating @entity5 . The areas under the ROC curves for the selected cut-off values were 0.96, 0.96, 0.88 and 0.77, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression model revealed that the T/L SUVmax ratio was an independent prognostic factor for @entity5 (p   <   0.001); a CT attenuation value of >25 HU and a @entity5 diameter >30  mm had no additional individual importance in the diagnosis of @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Using a T/L SUVmax ratio >1.53 and an adrenal SUVmax >5.2 in @entity419 PET/CT led to high diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value for characterizing @entity5 . The diagnostic accuracies of the two parameters were comparable, but T/L SUVmax ratio was an independent predictor of @entity5 .

title: What parameters from XXXX PET/CT are useful in evaluation of @entity75 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'Malignant adrenal tumours', 'benign phaeochromocytoma', 'adrenal tumours', 'tumours', 'malignancy', 'malignant from benign tumours']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal masses']

answer: @entity419 :: (MESH:D019788,Chemical) :: ['(18)F-FDG']


abstract: PURPOSE: Prior studies have suggested that @entity419 PET/CT can help characterize @entity75 and differentiate adrenal metastases from benign lesions. The aim of this study was to assess the value of @entity419 PET/CT for the differentiation of malignant from benign @entity75 . METHODS: This retrospective study included 85 @entity1 (47 @entity1 and 38 @entity1 , age 63.8        10.8  years) who had undergone @entity419 PET/CT (60  min after injection 300  -  370  MBq @entity419 ; Biograph 64 scanner) for evaluation of 102 nonsecreting @entity774 . For semiquantitative analysis, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), adrenal to liver (T/L) SUVmax ratio, mean CT attenuation value and @entity5 diameter were measured in all lesions and compared with the pathological findings. RESULTS: @entity5 (68  % of evaluated @entity5 ) had a significantly higher mean SUVmax (13.0        7.1 vs. 3.7        3.0), a higher T/L SUVmax ratio (4.2        2.6 vs. 1.0        0.9), a higher CT attenuation value (31.9        16. 7  HU vs. 0.2        25.8  HU) and a greater diameter (43.6        23.7  mm vs. 25.6        13.3  mm) than benign lesions. The false-positive findings were @entity378 and @entity5 . Based on ROC analysis, a T/L SUVmax ratio >1.53, an adrenal SUVmax >5.2, an attenuation value >24  HU and a @entity5 diameter >30  mm were chosen as the optimal cut-off values for differentiating @entity5 . The areas under the ROC curves for the selected cut-off values were 0.96, 0.96, 0.88 and 0.77, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression model revealed that the T/L SUVmax ratio was an independent prognostic factor for @entity5 (p   <   0.001); a CT attenuation value of >25 HU and a @entity5 diameter >30  mm had no additional individual importance in the diagnosis of @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Using a T/L SUVmax ratio >1.53 and an adrenal SUVmax >5.2 in @entity419 PET/CT led to high diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value for characterizing @entity5 . The diagnostic accuracies of the two parameters were comparable, but T/L SUVmax ratio was an independent predictor of @entity5 .

title: What parameters from @entity419 PET/CT are useful in evaluation of XXXX ?

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['adrenal lesions']


abstract: PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Primary low-grade @entity11 are common @entity1313 of childhood, many of which require radiation therapy (RT) as definitive treatment. Increased conformality of RT could decrease the incidence and severity of late effects. We report our experience with 32 pediatric @entity1 treated with @entity1161 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-two pediatric @entity1 with low-grade @entity13 or spinal cord were treated with @entity1161 from 1995 to 2007. Sixteen @entity1 received at least 1 regimen of chemotherapy before definitive RT. The median radiation dose was 52.2 GyRBE (48.6-54 GyRBE). RESULTS: The median age at treatment was 11.0 years (range, 2.7-21.5 years), with a median follow-up time of 7.6 years (range, 3.2-18.2 years). The 6-year and 8-year rates of progression-free survival were 89.7% and 82.8%, respectively, with an 8-year overall survival of 100%. For the subset of @entity1 who received serial neurocognitive testing, there were no significant declines in Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (P=.80), with a median neurocognitive testing interval of 4.5 years (range, 1.2-8.1 years) from baseline to follow-up, but subgroup analysis indicated some significant decline in neurocognitive outcomes for young @entity1 (<7 years) and those with significant dose to the left temporal lobe/hippocampus. The incidence of @entity2744 correlated with a mean dose of >= 40 GyRBE to the hypothalamus, pituitary, or optic chiasm. Stabilization or improvement of visual acuity was achieved in 83.3% of @entity1 at risk for radiation-induced @entity18489 . CONCLUSIONS: This report of late effects in @entity1 with low-grade @entity11 after @entity1161 is encouraging. Proton RT appears to be associated with good clinical outcome, especially when the @entity5 location allows for increased sparing of the left temporal lobe, hippocampus, and @entity2339 .

title: Clinical outcomes and late endocrine, neurocognitive, and visual profiles of proton radiation for pediatric low-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity13 :: ('MESH:C564230', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas of the brain']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity18489 :: ('MESH:D020221', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the optic pathways']

entities_list: @entity2744 :: ('MESH:C567425', 'Disease') :: ['endocrinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary axis']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: @entity3001 is a multiorgan @entity4409 caused by the spirochete @entity2069 . This case series highlights its presence in Haryana, a nonendemic zone. The first case was a 27-year-old housewife who presented with an annular erythematous patch with a central papule following an insect bite on the left upper arm. The second case was a 32-year-old farmer who gave a history of insect bite on the right arm followed by the development of an erythematous patch with a central blister. The third case, a 17-year-old @entity1 presented with a history of @entity5864 over right thigh and a typical bull's @entity2194 with central ulceration. These cases were managed with oral @entity3403 100 mg twice daily for 14 days. The fourth case was a 7-year-old @entity1 with typical @entity8831 on the right check and neck while the fifth case, a 30-year-old housewife, presented with an erythematous patch with a central papule on the right buttock. These @entity1 were treated with oral @entity115 25 mg/kg, thrice daily for 14 days. All @entity1 showed IgM antibodies to @entity2069 . Treatment led to clearance of lesions in all the @entity1 . @entity3001 was diagnosed in these @entity1 based on the history of established exposure to tick bites, presence of classic signs and symptoms, serology and the response to treatment.

title: XXXX in Haryana, India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye lesion']

entities_list: @entity3001 :: ('MESH:D008193', 'Disease') :: ['Lyme borreliosis', 'Lyme disease']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxycillin']

entities_list: @entity4409 :: ('MESH:D000820', 'Disease') :: ['animal-borne disease']

entities_list: @entity2069 :: ('139', 'Species') :: ['B. burgdorferi', 'Borrelia burgdorferi']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity8831 :: ('MESH:C538499', 'Disease') :: ['erythema migrans']

answer: @entity3001 :: (MESH:D008193,Disease) :: ['Lyme disease']


abstract: @entity158 ( @entity158 ) refers to @entity158 attributed to muscle and its surrounding fascia, which is associated with "myofascial trigger points" (MTrPs). MTrPs in the trapezius has been proposed as the main cause of temporal and cervicogenic @entity10 and @entity4048 . Literature shows that the prevalence of various @entity85 ( @entity85 ) among physiotherapists is high. Yoga has traditionally been used to treat MSDs in various populations. But there is scarcity of literature which explains the effects of yoga on reducing @entity158 of the neck in terms of various physical parameters and subjective responses. Therefore, a pilot study was done among eight physiotherapists with minimum six months of experience. A structured yoga protocol was designed and implemented for five days in a week for four weeks. The outcome variables were Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hands (DASH) score, @entity717 ( @entity717 ), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Pressure @entity158 Threshold (PPT) for Trigger Points, Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) - active _ passive, grip and pinch strengths. The variables were compared before and after the intervention. Finally, the result revealed that all the variables (DASH: P<0.00, @entity717 : P<0.00, VAS: P<0.00, PPT: Left: P<0.00, PPT: Right: P<0.00, Grip strength: left: P<0.00, Grip strength: right: P<0.01, Key pinch: left: P<0.01, Key pinch: right: P<0.01, @entity32680 : left: P<0.01, @entity32680 : right: P<0.00, Tip pinch: left: P<0.01, Tip pinch: Right: P<0.01) improved significantly after intervention.

title: Effect of yoga on the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32680 :: ('MESH:C537389', 'Disease') :: ['Palmar pinch']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'Myofascial Pain Syndrome', 'MPS']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Neck Disability Index', 'NDI']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal disorders', 'MSD']

answer: @entity4048 :: (MESH:D019547,Disease) :: ['Myofascial Pain Syndrome of neck']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess if a formal 2-week hand therapy improves outcomes and justifies its expense. METHODS: A prospective randomized study was completed using a contemporary short incision and a 2-week program of therapy. @entity1 were randomized into 2 treatment groups: one group received instruction on home therapy exercises to be followed after @entity923 release, and a second group received the home program in addition to a therapist-directed program for 2 weeks. Variables measured were @entity1 age, gender, preoperative and @entity282 scores, grip and pinch strengths, return to modified and regular work, insurance coverage, and job category. Both groups were followed for 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: One hundred fifty @entity1 (110 @entity1 and 40 @entity1 ) entered and completed the study. The average age was 46 years (range, 29-70 years). The average age, gender distribution, insurance coverage, and breakdown of job categories between groups was not statistically significant. There was no difference in return to work times between those with and without postoperative therapy; however, @entity1 covered by workers' compensation insurance were slower to return to both modified and regular work compared with the other groups. The postoperative grip and pinch strengths, @entity158 and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores did not show statistical differences between groups at any of the measured time periods. Depending on insurance carrier, directed therapy added  600 to  900 to the cost of care. CONCLUSIONS: The current randomized study failed to show benefit in a 2-week course of hand therapy after @entity923 release using a short incision. The cost of supervised therapy for an uncomplicated @entity923 release seems unjustified.

title: Outcomes of XXXX surgery with and without supervised postoperative therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity923 :: ('MESH:D002349', 'Disease') :: ['carpal tunnel']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity923 :: (MESH:D002349,Disease) :: ['carpal tunnel']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of a protocol for the treatment of @entity174 of the elbow based on the concept that, if @entity3029 with associated @entity174 can be made to resemble a simple @entity3029 by repairing or reconstructing the fractured structures, repair of the @entity10036 ( @entity10036 ) will not be necessary. METHODS: Over a 5-year period, a single surgeon operated on 34 @entity1 with a @entity3029 associated with one or more @entity7334 . The mean age of these 19 @entity1 and 15 @entity1 was 48 years. Associated @entity174 included the capitellum, trochlea, and lateral epicondyle in 3 @entity1 ; the olecranon in 1 @entity1 ; and the radial head in 30 @entity1 (with concomitant @entity174 of the coronoid process-the so-called "terrible triad" of the elbow-in 22 @entity1 , and concomitant @entity174 of the coronoid and olecranon in 1 @entity1 ). Operative treatment consisted of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) or prosthetic replacement of all @entity174 and reattachment of the origin of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) complex to the lateral epicondyle. The @entity10036 was not repaired. RESULTS: Two @entity1 (1 with a terrible triad injury and 1 with @entity174 of the capitellum and trochlea) had postoperative instability related to noncompliance, had reconstructive procedures, and were considered failures. An average of 32 months after injury, the remaining 32 @entity1 regained an average of 120 degrees ulnohumeral motion and 142 degrees @entity717 . Twenty-five of 34 @entity1 (74%) had good or excellent results according to the system of Broberg and Morrey. @entity1 with terrible triad injuries had an average of 117 degrees ulnohumeral motion and 137 degrees @entity717 , and 17 of 22 @entity1 (77%) had good or excellent results. CONCLUSIONS: @entity10036 repair is unnecessary in the treatment of @entity3029 with associated @entity7334 , provided that the articular @entity174 and the LCL are repaired or reconstructed.

title: @entity3029 with XXXX : the results of operative treatment without repair of the @entity10036 .

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture-dislocations', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity10036 :: ('MESH:D020423', 'Disease') :: ['MCL', 'medial collateral ligament']

entities_list: @entity7334 :: ('MESH:D057072', 'Disease') :: ['intra-articular fractures']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['forearm rotation']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['posterior dislocation of the elbow', 'elbow dislocation', 'dislocation of the elbow']

answer: @entity7334 :: (MESH:D057072,Disease) :: ['intra-articular fracture']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of a protocol for the treatment of @entity174 of the elbow based on the concept that, if @entity3029 with associated @entity174 can be made to resemble a simple @entity3029 by repairing or reconstructing the fractured structures, repair of the @entity10036 ( @entity10036 ) will not be necessary. METHODS: Over a 5-year period, a single surgeon operated on 34 @entity1 with a @entity3029 associated with one or more @entity7334 . The mean age of these 19 @entity1 and 15 @entity1 was 48 years. Associated @entity174 included the capitellum, trochlea, and lateral epicondyle in 3 @entity1 ; the olecranon in 1 @entity1 ; and the radial head in 30 @entity1 (with concomitant @entity174 of the coronoid process-the so-called "terrible triad" of the elbow-in 22 @entity1 , and concomitant @entity174 of the coronoid and olecranon in 1 @entity1 ). Operative treatment consisted of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) or prosthetic replacement of all @entity174 and reattachment of the origin of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) complex to the lateral epicondyle. The @entity10036 was not repaired. RESULTS: Two @entity1 (1 with a terrible triad injury and 1 with @entity174 of the capitellum and trochlea) had postoperative instability related to noncompliance, had reconstructive procedures, and were considered failures. An average of 32 months after injury, the remaining 32 @entity1 regained an average of 120 degrees ulnohumeral motion and 142 degrees @entity717 . Twenty-five of 34 @entity1 (74%) had good or excellent results according to the system of Broberg and Morrey. @entity1 with terrible triad injuries had an average of 117 degrees ulnohumeral motion and 137 degrees @entity717 , and 17 of 22 @entity1 (77%) had good or excellent results. CONCLUSIONS: @entity10036 repair is unnecessary in the treatment of @entity3029 with associated @entity7334 , provided that the articular @entity174 and the LCL are repaired or reconstructed.

title: XXXX with @entity7334 : the results of operative treatment without repair of the @entity10036 .

answer: @entity3029 :: (MESH:D004204,Disease) :: ['Elbow dislocation']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of a protocol for the treatment of @entity174 of the elbow based on the concept that, if @entity3029 with associated @entity174 can be made to resemble a simple @entity3029 by repairing or reconstructing the fractured structures, repair of the @entity10036 ( @entity10036 ) will not be necessary. METHODS: Over a 5-year period, a single surgeon operated on 34 @entity1 with a @entity3029 associated with one or more @entity7334 . The mean age of these 19 @entity1 and 15 @entity1 was 48 years. Associated @entity174 included the capitellum, trochlea, and lateral epicondyle in 3 @entity1 ; the olecranon in 1 @entity1 ; and the radial head in 30 @entity1 (with concomitant @entity174 of the coronoid process-the so-called "terrible triad" of the elbow-in 22 @entity1 , and concomitant @entity174 of the coronoid and olecranon in 1 @entity1 ). Operative treatment consisted of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) or prosthetic replacement of all @entity174 and reattachment of the origin of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) complex to the lateral epicondyle. The @entity10036 was not repaired. RESULTS: Two @entity1 (1 with a terrible triad injury and 1 with @entity174 of the capitellum and trochlea) had postoperative instability related to noncompliance, had reconstructive procedures, and were considered failures. An average of 32 months after injury, the remaining 32 @entity1 regained an average of 120 degrees ulnohumeral motion and 142 degrees @entity717 . Twenty-five of 34 @entity1 (74%) had good or excellent results according to the system of Broberg and Morrey. @entity1 with terrible triad injuries had an average of 117 degrees ulnohumeral motion and 137 degrees @entity717 , and 17 of 22 @entity1 (77%) had good or excellent results. CONCLUSIONS: @entity10036 repair is unnecessary in the treatment of @entity3029 with associated @entity7334 , provided that the articular @entity174 and the LCL are repaired or reconstructed.

title: @entity3029 with @entity7334 : the results of operative treatment without repair of the XXXX .

answer: @entity10036 :: (MESH:D020423,Disease) :: ['medial collateral ligament']


abstract: @entity1223 (CO) is endogenously produced in the @entity1 body, mainly from the oxidation of @entity1446 catalyzed by @entity1446 oxygenase (HO) enzymes. The induction of HO and the consequent increase in CO production play important physiological roles in vasorelaxation and neurotransmission and in the immune system. The exogenous administration of CO gas and CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs) has been shown to induce vascular effects and to alleviate @entity519 -reoxygenation injury of @entity1 cells. In particular, due to its anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antiproliferative properties, CO inhibits @entity5721 and provides potent cytoprotective effects during organ and cell transplantation. In spite of these findings regarding the physiology and biology of mammals, nothing is known about the action of CO on bacteria. In the present work, we examined the effect of CO on bacterial cell proliferation. Cell growth experiments showed that CO caused the rapid death of the two pathogenic bacteria tested, @entity526 and @entity794 , particularly when delivered through organometallic CO-RMs. Of importance is the observation that the effectiveness of the CO-RMs was greater in near-anaerobic environments, as many pathogens are anaerobic organisms and pathogen colonization occurs in environments with low @entity26 concentrations. Our results constitute the first evidence that CO can be utilized as an antimicrobial agent. We anticipate our results to be the starting point for the development of novel types of therapeutic drugs designed to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens, which are widespread and presently a major public health concern.

title: Antimicrobial action of XXXX -releasing compounds.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity5721 :: ('MESH:D015427', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic-reperfusion injury']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1223 :: (MESH:D002248,Chemical) :: ['carbon monoxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We wanted to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for detecting @entity0 , as compared with the T1- and T2-weighted images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one female @entity1 underwent breast MRI, and this included the T1-, T2-, DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced images. Sixty-five enhancing lesions were detected on the dynamic contrast-enhanced images and we used this as a reference image for detecting @entity5 . Fifty-six breast lesions were detected on DWI and the histological diagnoses were as follows: 43 invasive @entity513 , one @entity189 , one mixed @entity3079 , seven @entity513 in situ (DCIS), and four @entity5 . First, we compared the detectability of breast lesions on DWI with that of the T1- and T2-weighted images. We then compared the ADCs of the malignant and benign breast lesions to the ADCs of the normal fibroglandular tissue. RESULTS: Fifty-six lesions were detected via DWI (detectability of 86.2%). The detectabilities of breast lesions on the T1- and T2-weighted imaging were 61.5% (40/65) and 75.4% (49/65), respectively. The mean ADCs of the @entity513 (0.89+/-0.18 x 10(-3)mm(2)/second) and DCIS (1.17+/-0.18 x 10(-3)mm(2)/ second) are significantly lower than those of the benign lesions (1.41+/-0.56 x 10(-3)mm(2)/second) and the normal fibroglandular tissue (1.51+/-0.29 x 10(-3)mm(2)/ second). CONCLUSION: DWI has a high sensitivity for detecting @entity0 , and especially for detecting @entity0 . DWI was an effective imaging technique for detecting breast lesions, as compared to using the T1- and T2-weighted images.

title: The role of diffusion-weighted imaging and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3079 :: ('MESH:D002288', 'Disease') :: ['infiltrative and mucinous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumors', 'malignant breast tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinomas', 'invasive ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the sterilization effectiveness on uterine tube of @entity95 by the @entity3080 adhesive. METHODS: Hysteroscopy tubal catheterization was performed randomly in 12 animals (24 uterine tubes) assigned to the sham group (GS) and 15 animals (30 uterine tubes) to the @entity7548 (GB). The female @entity95 were observed during 30, 90 and 180 days and mated to fertile males. The no pregnant @entity95 were submitted to in vitro burst pressure test for patency by air insufflation (40 mmHg). The microscopic assessment was performed to parameters of damages in epithelium caused by the adhesive, the degree of inflammatory process, morphometry data values of tube diameter (UT) (cm), @entity12520 ( @entity121 ) (mm). The mucosa cells densitometry (total optical density) was expressed by the amount of DNA. The significance of the differences in histological scores and in thickness measurements were made by ANOVA test (P value < 0.05). RESULTS: In all animals of GB: the adhesive was attached to the mucosa; there was no pregnancy; no records of significant degree on inflammatory process; the patency test was negative and densitometry of DNA showed similar values to the both groups independently of observation periods. The layers thickness of GB-UT(1.118 +/- 0.117), GB-MT(0.447+/-0.247) and GB- @entity121 (0.853+/-0.097) were larger than the GS-UT(0.666+/-0.409), GS-MT(0.211+/-0.070) and GS- @entity121 (0.442+/-0.143). CONCLUSION: This approach offers a safe and feasible method of uterine tube obstruction.

title: Hysteroscopy and XXXX on experimental sterilization of @entity95 uterine tubes.

entities_list: @entity3080 :: ('MESH:D003487', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanoacrylate']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity12520 :: ('MESH:C535655', 'Disease') :: ['mucosa thickness (MT) and the myosalpinx thickness']

entities_list: @entity7548 :: ('MESH:D004659', 'Chemical') :: ['n-butyl-cyanoacrylate']

answer: @entity7548 :: (MESH:D004659,Chemical) :: ['butyl-cyanoacrylate']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the sterilization effectiveness on uterine tube of @entity95 by the @entity3080 adhesive. METHODS: Hysteroscopy tubal catheterization was performed randomly in 12 animals (24 uterine tubes) assigned to the sham group (GS) and 15 animals (30 uterine tubes) to the @entity7548 (GB). The female @entity95 were observed during 30, 90 and 180 days and mated to fertile males. The no pregnant @entity95 were submitted to in vitro burst pressure test for patency by air insufflation (40 mmHg). The microscopic assessment was performed to parameters of damages in epithelium caused by the adhesive, the degree of inflammatory process, morphometry data values of tube diameter (UT) (cm), @entity12520 ( @entity121 ) (mm). The mucosa cells densitometry (total optical density) was expressed by the amount of DNA. The significance of the differences in histological scores and in thickness measurements were made by ANOVA test (P value < 0.05). RESULTS: In all animals of GB: the adhesive was attached to the mucosa; there was no pregnancy; no records of significant degree on inflammatory process; the patency test was negative and densitometry of DNA showed similar values to the both groups independently of observation periods. The layers thickness of GB-UT(1.118 +/- 0.117), GB-MT(0.447+/-0.247) and GB- @entity121 (0.853+/-0.097) were larger than the GS-UT(0.666+/-0.409), GS-MT(0.211+/-0.070) and GS- @entity121 (0.442+/-0.143). CONCLUSION: This approach offers a safe and feasible method of uterine tube obstruction.

title: Hysteroscopy and @entity7548 on experimental sterilization of XXXX uterine tubes.

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Education and self-management training assist @entity1 with @entity162 to take control of their condition and to reduce disability, but the timeliness and availability of the education are important. A free Web-based bipolar education program has been recently developed to provide accessible evidence-based information for @entity1 , carers and health professionals. The present paper describes the nine-module program, reports usage data and user profiles, and overviews the aims and methodology of a randomized controlled trial to measure its impact. METHODS: Customized Web reports were developed to measure usage of the Web-based program, and to profile its users on a month-by-month basis. Data on the percentage of completers of each module were also collected. A randomized controlled trial evaluating the program in @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity162 was also commenced. RESULTS: More than 8,000 visitors used the online program in its first 6 months. Users were predominantly female, of a broad cross-section of ages, 43.5% with @entity162 , and with the remainder describing themselves as health professionals, carers/family/friends of a @entity1 with @entity162 or members of the general public. The majority (76%) completed the sessions they commenced. CONCLUSIONS: The Web-based education program is attracting a steady stream of users and is exhibiting good completion rates. This preliminary support for the program's utility requires validation from our randomized controlled trial before definite conclusions can be drawn.

title: Next generation of self-management education: Web-based XXXX program.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people', 'person']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']