abstract: BACKGROUND: Secondary prevention often targets @entity1 who suffer from higher rates of second @entity173 than @entity1 , especially in the early years after first @entity174 . Yet, the occurrence of second @entity173 by certain times also depends on the death rate, which is higher in @entity1 than @entity1 . We compared the risk of sustaining second @entity173 by a certain time between @entity1 and @entity1 remaining alive at that time. METHODS: We retrieved 38,383 hospitalization records of @entity1 aged 60years or older, who were discharged alive after admission for @entity173 surgery between 1990 and 2005 in British Columbia, Canada. The outcome variable was the time to a subsequent @entity173 . RESULTS: During ten years of follow-up, 2,902 (8%) @entity1 sustained a second @entity173 , and 21,428 (56%) died before sustaining a second @entity173 . The risk of second @entity173 in the surviving post- @entity174 @entity1 was higher in @entity1 than in @entity1 : 2% vs 2%, 5% vs 4%, 9% vs 7%, 15% vs 13%, and 35% vs 30% at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10years after initial @entity130 , respectively, crude @entity15498 (95% CI: 1.13-1.39). However, the risk did not differ between @entity1 and @entity1 after adjustment, OR=1.09 (95% CI: 0.98-1.21). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of second @entity173 persists for at least ten years among @entity173 survivors, and therefore secondary prevention should continue beyond an early post- @entity174 period. @entity1 and @entity1 have similar risks of second @entity173 and both should be considered for secondary prevention.

title: Risk of second XXXX persists for years after initial @entity130 .

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity66 ( @entity66 ) is an autoimmune and @entity32 of the small intestine. There is reasonable evidence linking @entity32 to the initiation and continuation of @entity955 ( @entity955 ) in inflammatory conditions. Atrial @entity3883 ( @entity3883 ) was suggested as an early marker of @entity955 in previous studies. The objectives of this study were to evaluate atrial electromechanical properties measured by tissue Doppler imaging and simultaneous electrocardiography (ECG) tracing in @entity1 with @entity66 . METHODS: Thirty-nine @entity1 with @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and 26 healthy volunteers, matched for age and sex, were enrolled in the study. Atrial electromechanical properties were measured by using transthoracic echocardiography and surface ECG. Interatrial @entity3883 ( @entity3883 ), left @entity3883 , right intratrial @entity3883 were calculated. RESULTS: There was no difference between @entity66 @entity1 and healthy volunteers in terms of basal characteristics. @entity1 with @entity66 had significantly prolonged left and right intraatrial EMDs, and interatrial @entity3883 compared to healthy controls (p= 0.03, p= 0.02, p<0.0001, respectively). Interatrial @entity3883 was positively correlated with age, disease duration, anti-gliadin IgG, anti-endomysium and disease status. In multiple linear regression, interatrial @entity3883 was independently associated with disease duration, anti-endomysium and disease status after adjusting for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, @entity955 were found significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity66 compared with healthy individuals. Measurement of @entity955 might be used to predict the risk of development of @entity955 in @entity1 with @entity66 .

title: Atrial Electromechanical Properties in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['intraatrial EMD', 'electro-mechanic delay', 'EMD']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'inflammatory disorder']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Coeliac disease', 'coeliac disease', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF', 'atrial EMDs', 'atrial EMD parameters']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['Coeliac Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study investigates the usefulness of @entity419 -PET/CT (PET/CT) in distinguishing between benign and malignant @entity43 . METHODS: This study includes 4 mature teratomas (MTs) with malignant transformation, 8 @entity44 teratomas (ITs), and 16 MTs that were diagnosed after surgical resection. @entity5 marker values, MRI findings, PET/CT SUVmax values, and other clinical parameters were retrospectively compared with those of 14 @entity1 who had MTs. RESULTS: The median @entity10224 was significantly higher for ITs than for MTs (P  =  0.04). The median AFP was significantly higher for ITs than for MTs (P  =  0.0034). The median SUVmax values for MTs with malignant transformation, ITs, and MTs were 18.3 (5.3-23.3), 6.0 (3.6-22.6), and 1.1 (1.0-15.5), respectively. SUVmax was significantly higher in MTs with malignant transformation and ITs than in MTs (P  =  0.004, P  =  0.0007). With a cut-off SUVmax of 3.6 to distinguish between benign and malignant MTs, sensitivity was 100  %, specificity was 81  %, positive predictive value was 80  %, negative predictive value was 100  %, and diagnostic accuracy was 89  % (AUC 0.94). However, one @entity1 with an MT had a high SUVmax corresponding to values in the central nervous system (CNS). CONCLUSIONS: @entity419 -PET/CT has a high diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing between benign and malignant @entity43 . Thus, PET/CT may be useful in cases where the diagnosis is unclear on MRI and other clinical findings. However, some MTs with abundant CNS tissue may have a high SUVmax. Therefore, the diagnosis of a benign or malignant lesion should be made carefully in conjunction with other clinical findings.

title: The usefulness of XXXX -PET/CT in discriminating benign from malignant @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian teratomas']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Preoperative tumor']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['immature']

answer: @entity419 :: (MESH:D019788,Chemical) :: ['18F-FDG']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study investigates the usefulness of @entity419 -PET/CT (PET/CT) in distinguishing between benign and malignant @entity43 . METHODS: This study includes 4 mature teratomas (MTs) with malignant transformation, 8 @entity44 teratomas (ITs), and 16 MTs that were diagnosed after surgical resection. @entity5 marker values, MRI findings, PET/CT SUVmax values, and other clinical parameters were retrospectively compared with those of 14 @entity1 who had MTs. RESULTS: The median @entity10224 was significantly higher for ITs than for MTs (P  =  0.04). The median AFP was significantly higher for ITs than for MTs (P  =  0.0034). The median SUVmax values for MTs with malignant transformation, ITs, and MTs were 18.3 (5.3-23.3), 6.0 (3.6-22.6), and 1.1 (1.0-15.5), respectively. SUVmax was significantly higher in MTs with malignant transformation and ITs than in MTs (P  =  0.004, P  =  0.0007). With a cut-off SUVmax of 3.6 to distinguish between benign and malignant MTs, sensitivity was 100  %, specificity was 81  %, positive predictive value was 80  %, negative predictive value was 100  %, and diagnostic accuracy was 89  % (AUC 0.94). However, one @entity1 with an MT had a high SUVmax corresponding to values in the central nervous system (CNS). CONCLUSIONS: @entity419 -PET/CT has a high diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing between benign and malignant @entity43 . Thus, PET/CT may be useful in cases where the diagnosis is unclear on MRI and other clinical findings. However, some MTs with abundant CNS tissue may have a high SUVmax. Therefore, the diagnosis of a benign or malignant lesion should be made carefully in conjunction with other clinical findings.

title: The usefulness of @entity419 -PET/CT in discriminating benign from malignant XXXX .

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian teratomas']


abstract: @entity174 site @entity2003 was monitored non-destructively at weekly intervals during healing of @entity4957 in adult @entity95 . Two groups of 20 @entity95 each were treated with external fixators of two different @entity2003 . Four animals from each group were killed at 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8 weeks to determine the bending moments at failure of the healing @entity174 . Normal @entity174 healing was accompanied by characteristic phases in the development of @entity174 site @entity2003 . From 0 to 3 weeks there was a period of low and approximately constant @entity2003 , followed by a linear increase during 3 to 5 weeks to an approximately three to four times greater @entity2003 . The maximum average normalized axial @entity2003 were reached at 6 weeks and were 57% ( @entity2003 group) and 77% ( @entity2003 group) of the untreated contralateral controls. The maximum average normalized failure moments occurred at 8 weeks and were 48% ( @entity2003 ) and 44% ( @entity2003 ) of controls. The differences due to fixator @entity2003 were not statistically significant except for a large increase in failure moments at 3 weeks for the @entity2003 group. @entity2003 were correlated (r2 = 0.74 and 0.53, respectively) with failure moments, but only during the first 6 weeks. The monitoring technique provides a nondestructive means for following the biomechanical progress of @entity174 healing in an animal model. The occurrence of the characteristic increase in @entity174 site @entity2003 at 3 to 5 weeks can also be used to distinguish between normal and abnormal healing.

title: Monitoring the healing of a tibial osteotomy in the XXXX treated with external fixation.

entities_list: @entity4957 :: ('MESH:D020429', 'Disease') :: ['tibial osteotomies']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['high rigidity', 'low rigidity', 'Axial rigidities', 'axial rigidity', 'rigidities', 'rigidity']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Fracture', 'fracture']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Water immersion may cause adverse cardiovascular events, including @entity943 in @entity1 with damaged cardiac muscle, e.g. with @entity712 . So far there have been rather few reports on @entity943 induced by water training in @entity1 with @entity453 ( @entity453 ). The aim of the study was to assess the influence of exercise training in moderately cold water (28-30  C) on @entity943 and physical capacity in stable @entity453 @entity1 with preserved left ventricular (LV) function. METHODS: 62 post-MI male @entity1 , mean age 50.9  7.9 years, participated in 16 @entity1297 ( @entity1297 ), lasted 55-min, twice a week in water at 28-30  C. Each subject underwent 24h Holter on-land monitoring (Holter-24) once during the study and twice in-water Holter monitoring (Holter-W) during @entity1297 . Before and after @entity1297 cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was performed. The following parameters were analyzed: peak @entity26 consumption (peak VO   ), mean number of @entity1540 ( @entity1540 ) and supraventricular ectopic beats (SVEBs) during Holter-24 and Holter-W, the percentage of @entity1 who developed @entity943 during CPET versus Holter-24 and versus Holter-W. RESULTS: @entity1297 significantly improved @entity1 ' physical capacity, and more often provoked @entity943 , mainly SVEBs, than CPET or daily activity assessed during Holter-24. During @entity1297 58% @entity1 developed @entity1540 and 62% SVEBs. CONCLUSIONS: 1. @entity1297 provoked @entity943 significantly more often than did CPET and normal daily activity. 2. Owing to @entity1297 @entity1 improved their physical capacity which was still maintained at one year follow-up.

title: The influence of water-based training on XXXX in @entity1 with stable @entity453 and preserved left ventricular function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1297 :: ('MESH:D019292', 'Disease') :: ['water-based trainings', 'WBT']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['VEBs', 'ventricular ectopic beats']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Water immersion may cause adverse cardiovascular events, including @entity943 in @entity1 with damaged cardiac muscle, e.g. with @entity712 . So far there have been rather few reports on @entity943 induced by water training in @entity1 with @entity453 ( @entity453 ). The aim of the study was to assess the influence of exercise training in moderately cold water (28-30  C) on @entity943 and physical capacity in stable @entity453 @entity1 with preserved left ventricular (LV) function. METHODS: 62 post-MI male @entity1 , mean age 50.9  7.9 years, participated in 16 @entity1297 ( @entity1297 ), lasted 55-min, twice a week in water at 28-30  C. Each subject underwent 24h Holter on-land monitoring (Holter-24) once during the study and twice in-water Holter monitoring (Holter-W) during @entity1297 . Before and after @entity1297 cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was performed. The following parameters were analyzed: peak @entity26 consumption (peak VO   ), mean number of @entity1540 ( @entity1540 ) and supraventricular ectopic beats (SVEBs) during Holter-24 and Holter-W, the percentage of @entity1 who developed @entity943 during CPET versus Holter-24 and versus Holter-W. RESULTS: @entity1297 significantly improved @entity1 ' physical capacity, and more often provoked @entity943 , mainly SVEBs, than CPET or daily activity assessed during Holter-24. During @entity1297 58% @entity1 developed @entity1540 and 62% SVEBs. CONCLUSIONS: 1. @entity1297 provoked @entity943 significantly more often than did CPET and normal daily activity. 2. Owing to @entity1297 @entity1 improved their physical capacity which was still maintained at one year follow-up.

title: The influence of water-based training on @entity943 in @entity1 with stable XXXX and preserved left ventricular function.

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Water immersion may cause adverse cardiovascular events, including @entity943 in @entity1 with damaged cardiac muscle, e.g. with @entity712 . So far there have been rather few reports on @entity943 induced by water training in @entity1 with @entity453 ( @entity453 ). The aim of the study was to assess the influence of exercise training in moderately cold water (28-30  C) on @entity943 and physical capacity in stable @entity453 @entity1 with preserved left ventricular (LV) function. METHODS: 62 post-MI male @entity1 , mean age 50.9  7.9 years, participated in 16 @entity1297 ( @entity1297 ), lasted 55-min, twice a week in water at 28-30  C. Each subject underwent 24h Holter on-land monitoring (Holter-24) once during the study and twice in-water Holter monitoring (Holter-W) during @entity1297 . Before and after @entity1297 cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was performed. The following parameters were analyzed: peak @entity26 consumption (peak VO   ), mean number of @entity1540 ( @entity1540 ) and supraventricular ectopic beats (SVEBs) during Holter-24 and Holter-W, the percentage of @entity1 who developed @entity943 during CPET versus Holter-24 and versus Holter-W. RESULTS: @entity1297 significantly improved @entity1 ' physical capacity, and more often provoked @entity943 , mainly SVEBs, than CPET or daily activity assessed during Holter-24. During @entity1297 58% @entity1 developed @entity1540 and 62% SVEBs. CONCLUSIONS: 1. @entity1297 provoked @entity943 significantly more often than did CPET and normal daily activity. 2. Owing to @entity1297 @entity1 improved their physical capacity which was still maintained at one year follow-up.

title: The influence of water-based training on @entity943 in XXXX with stable @entity453 and preserved left ventricular function.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Early recognition and treatment of @entity130 @entity1 requiring @entity400 ( @entity400 ) has been shown to reduce mortality. While many risk factors predicting @entity400 have been demonstrated, there is no universally accepted method or algorithm to identify these @entity1 . We hypothesised that even among experienced @entity130 surgeons, the clinical gestalt of identifying @entity1 who will require @entity400 is unreliable. METHODS: Transfusion and mortality outcomes after @entity130 were observed at 10 U.S. Level-1 @entity130 centres in @entity1 who survived >=  30 min after admission and received >=  1 unit of RBC within 6h of arrival. Subjects who received >=  10 units within 24h of admission were classified as @entity400 @entity1 . @entity130 surgeons were asked the clinical gestalt question "Is the @entity1 likely to be massively transfused?" 10 min after the @entity1 arrival. The performance of clinical gestalt to predict @entity400 was assessed using chi-square tests and ROC analysis to compare gestalt to previously described scoring systems. RESULTS: Of the 1245 @entity1 enrolled, 966 met inclusion criteria and 221 (23%) @entity1 received @entity400 . 415 (43%) were predicted to have a @entity400 and 551(57%) were predicted to not have @entity400 . @entity1 predicted to have @entity400 were younger, more often sustained penetrating @entity130 , had higher ISS scores, higher heart rates, and lower systolic blood pressures (all p<0.05). Gestalt sensitivity was 65.6% and specificity was 63.8%. @entity2286 and NPV were 34.9% and 86.2% respectively. CONCLUSION: Data from this large multicenter trial demonstrates that predicting the need for @entity400 continues to be a challenge. Because of the increased mortality associated with delayed therapy, a more reliable algorithm is needed to identify and treat these severely injured @entity1 earlier.

title: Clinical gestalt and the prediction of XXXX after @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['massive transfusion', 'MT']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['massive transfusion']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Early recognition and treatment of @entity130 @entity1 requiring @entity400 ( @entity400 ) has been shown to reduce mortality. While many risk factors predicting @entity400 have been demonstrated, there is no universally accepted method or algorithm to identify these @entity1 . We hypothesised that even among experienced @entity130 surgeons, the clinical gestalt of identifying @entity1 who will require @entity400 is unreliable. METHODS: Transfusion and mortality outcomes after @entity130 were observed at 10 U.S. Level-1 @entity130 centres in @entity1 who survived >=  30 min after admission and received >=  1 unit of RBC within 6h of arrival. Subjects who received >=  10 units within 24h of admission were classified as @entity400 @entity1 . @entity130 surgeons were asked the clinical gestalt question "Is the @entity1 likely to be massively transfused?" 10 min after the @entity1 arrival. The performance of clinical gestalt to predict @entity400 was assessed using chi-square tests and ROC analysis to compare gestalt to previously described scoring systems. RESULTS: Of the 1245 @entity1 enrolled, 966 met inclusion criteria and 221 (23%) @entity1 received @entity400 . 415 (43%) were predicted to have a @entity400 and 551(57%) were predicted to not have @entity400 . @entity1 predicted to have @entity400 were younger, more often sustained penetrating @entity130 , had higher ISS scores, higher heart rates, and lower systolic blood pressures (all p<0.05). Gestalt sensitivity was 65.6% and specificity was 63.8%. @entity2286 and NPV were 34.9% and 86.2% respectively. CONCLUSION: Data from this large multicenter trial demonstrates that predicting the need for @entity400 continues to be a challenge. Because of the increased mortality associated with delayed therapy, a more reliable algorithm is needed to identify and treat these severely injured @entity1 earlier.

title: Clinical gestalt and the prediction of @entity400 after XXXX .

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4008 is a medical emergency, and immediate diagnostic steps must be taken to establish the specific cause. Recurrence of @entity4008 in @entity1 is not only potentially life-threatening, but also involves or induces @entity130 to the @entity1 through repeated hospitalization with many invasive investigations. CASE PRESENTATION: A 6-year-old @entity1 was diagnosed with recurrent @entity4008 caused by @entity328 Pneumonia 23  F. He had received serial imaging studies for identifying the cause. The initial sinus computed tomography (CT) also showed @entity1244 without @entity50 . However, after performing nuclear scan, the results showed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaked originating from the right petrooccpital region into the middle ear. Subsequent high resolution CT (HRCT) reports showed focal @entity2103 at geniculate ganglion and tympanic segment with tiny high-density spots. The reconstruction HRCT showed multiple bony defects at temporal bone. The magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal bony destruction with CSF collection in the right petrous ridge, carotid canal and jugular foramen. Eventually, CSF leakage to the right middle ear was confirmed and this could be the cause of the recurrent bacteria @entity693 in this @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Although recurrent @entity4008 in childhood is not common, this case report illustrates that recurrence of @entity693 within a short period should be considered as cause of underline immunologic or anatomic defect.

title: Recurrent XXXX 23  @entity693 due to cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the ear cannel: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['bony defect of sinus']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis', 'Bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['enlargement of the right facial nerve canal, erosion of the bony canal']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['psychological trauma']

answer: @entity328 :: (1313,Species) :: ['Streptococcus Pneumoniae']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4008 is a medical emergency, and immediate diagnostic steps must be taken to establish the specific cause. Recurrence of @entity4008 in @entity1 is not only potentially life-threatening, but also involves or induces @entity130 to the @entity1 through repeated hospitalization with many invasive investigations. CASE PRESENTATION: A 6-year-old @entity1 was diagnosed with recurrent @entity4008 caused by @entity328 Pneumonia 23  F. He had received serial imaging studies for identifying the cause. The initial sinus computed tomography (CT) also showed @entity1244 without @entity50 . However, after performing nuclear scan, the results showed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaked originating from the right petrooccpital region into the middle ear. Subsequent high resolution CT (HRCT) reports showed focal @entity2103 at geniculate ganglion and tympanic segment with tiny high-density spots. The reconstruction HRCT showed multiple bony defects at temporal bone. The magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal bony destruction with CSF collection in the right petrous ridge, carotid canal and jugular foramen. Eventually, CSF leakage to the right middle ear was confirmed and this could be the cause of the recurrent bacteria @entity693 in this @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Although recurrent @entity4008 in childhood is not common, this case report illustrates that recurrence of @entity693 within a short period should be considered as cause of underline immunologic or anatomic defect.

title: Recurrent @entity328 23  XXXX due to cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the ear cannel: a case report.

answer: @entity693 :: (MESH:D008581,Disease) :: ['F meningitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Racial genetic admixture (RGA), a measure to account for ancestral genetic background that correlates with individual's racial classification, could provide insights on causation of racial disparity in @entity1204 ( @entity1204 ). Our objective is to evaluate the association of RGA with @entity1204 outcomes. METHODS: @entity1204 @entity1 enrolled onto the GOG-210 protocol were eligible. A randomized subcohort stratified by stage and self-reported race/ethnicity of black or white was used. Genotyping was performed using custom-selected Ancestry Informative Markers to calculate individual admixture estimates of African and European ancestral background. RESULTS: A total of 149 @entity1 were evaluated (self-reported race: 70 black _ 79 white). Mean RGA for African ancestry for self-reported black @entity1 was 0.65 (range 0.04-0.86); while mean RGA for European ancestry for self-reported white @entity1 was 0.77 (range 0.12-0.88). Progression-free survival (PFS) analysis using proportional hazards models stratified by stage and race revealed that each 0.10 increase in African ancestry was associated with worse PFS with hazard ratio (HR) of 1.11 (95% CI 0.90-1.37). Each 0.10 increase in European RGA was associated with improved PFS with HR of 0.86 (95% CI 0.69-1.07). Using tertiles of African RGA showed increasing risk of progression of @entity204 with increasing African RGA (with 0-5% as reference), HR (95% CIs) for top two tertiles are: 6%-66%: 1.38 (0.64, 2.97), and 67%-86%: 2.27 (0.74, 6.95). CONCLUSION: RGA demonstrated a trend with PFS in self-reported black and white @entity1 with @entity1204 . @entity1 with increased levels of African ancestry showed a trend towards worse survival after stratifying by stage/race.

title: The role of racial genetic admixture with XXXX outcomes: An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'EC']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: A multi-center phase II study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with S-1 plus @entity900 for advanced @entity356 . METHODS: The eligibility criteria were clinical T3/T4 or N2, not Stage IV. @entity1 received two 35-day cycles of S-1 plus @entity900 , and then underwent D2 gastrectomy. The primary endpoint was 3-year progression free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were ratio of R0 resection, response rate, adverse events, and overall survival. A sample size of 49 was determined to have 80% power for detecting 15% improvement in the 3-year PFS over 55% at a one-sided alpha of 0.1. RESULTS: Among 53 @entity1 enrolled, 44 @entity1 completed two cycles of NAC (83%), and 48 @entity1 underwent R0 resection (91%). @entity260 occurred in 13 @entity1 (26%). A pathological response was confirmed in 24 @entity1 (45%), including four complete responses. The 3-year PFS was 50.7%, while the 3-year OS was 74.9%. CONCLUSIONS: Although the observed 3-year PFS rate was worse than expected, NAC with S1 plus @entity900 was safe and led to a high rate of R0 resection. A randomized controlled trial is needed to make conclusions about the effectiveness of NAC in Japanese @entity1 undergoing D2 resection. J. Surg. Oncol.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: A phase II study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 and XXXX for stage III gastric cancer: KUGC03.

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Healthcare providers use treatments whose effectiveness's derive partially or completely from 'non-specific' factors, frequently referred to as placebo effects. While the ethics of interventional placebo use continues to be debated, evidence suggests that placebos can produce clinically meaningful analgesic effects. Burgeoning evidence suggest that @entity1 with @entity1118 may be open to placebos treatments under certain contexts despite limited knowledge of their well-established psycho-neurobiological underpinnings. This investigation sought to examine the effects of a brief, mechanism-based placebo analgesia educational intervention on aspects placebo knowledge and acceptability. @entity1 with chronic @entity4512 completed a web-based survey where they rated their knowledge of placebo analgesia; assessed placebo acceptability across different medical contexts; and evaluated six unique @entity1 -provider treatment scenarios to assess the role of treatment effectiveness and deception on @entity1 /provider attributions. Using a pre-post design, @entity1 were randomized to receive either a placebo educational intervention or an active control education. Results demonstrated that the educational intervention greatly improved perceptions of placebo knowledge, effectiveness, and acceptability, even in deceptive treatment contexts. This is the first study of its kind to demonstrate the value of an educational intervention in increasing openness to and knowledge of placebo analgesic interventions among @entity1 with chronic @entity4512 . PERSPECTIVE: This article highlights how @entity1 with @entity1118 may be open to placebo interventions, particularly adjunct/complementary treatments, when provided education on the neurobiological and psychological mechanisms underlying placebo effects. Study findings highlight ethically acceptable ways to potentially utilize placebo factors to enhance existing @entity158 treatments and improve @entity1 health outcomes.

title: Placebo use in XXXX management: a mechanism-based educational intervention enhances placebo treatment acceptability.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: The postoperative prognosis of @entity5 still is unfavourable with regard to both functional restitution and postoperative survival time. Short anamnestic times and severe neurological attacks developing within a short period of time up to a complete transverse @entity451 syndrome characterise the clinical picture. In addition to the usually existing increase in the lumbar cerebrospinal protein level (86 per cent), pathological native X-ray findings are found condierably more frequently than in processes of other topical localisations (72 per cent). In three quarters of the cases the pantopaque myelogram shows complete contrast medium passage disturbances. In 10.8 per cent of the cases, an improvement of the findings could be achieved by an operation, 76.9 per cent showed an unchanged condition up to four weeks post operationem and in 12.3 per cent a deterioration of the condition had occurred. The average survival times of the deceased @entity1 was 4.1 months. Prolonged survival times between three and six years were only seen in two @entity242 @entity1 and one @entity242 @entity1 . The cause of the unfavourable functional results are believed to be due to medullary circulation disturbances which are caused by the @entity5 and can non longer be influenced by an operation. In spite of the results being frequently unfavourable, a general rejection of the operation does not seem to be justified. It should, however, be rejected when (I) a complete transverse lesion syndrome has been present for several months, (2) extensive vertebral destruction can be demonstrated, (3) multiple destruction foci are present and (4) there ist an advanced stage of the primary process with a highly reduced general condition.

title: [Clinical picture of XXXX of the spine].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant extradural spinal tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'retothelial sarcoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant extradural tumors']


abstract: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage was attempted in 96 out of a consecutive series of 168 attacks of @entity656 , in order to evaluate its ability to predict severe disease. Lavage was successful in 89 instances, and resulted in relief of @entity158 in many @entity1 , and in one complication. Lavage indicated (by the presence of numerous organisms) that the diagnosis was incorrect in 1 @entity1 with suspected @entity656 ; the correct diagnosis, @entity298 , was revealed at post mortem examination. The severity of the attack was predicted by the clinician prior to lavage, and each attack was classified as mild or severe when the @entity1 left hospital according to a simple clinical scheme. Although there was a strong correlations between severe attacks and the concentrations of G. O. T., albumin, protein, @entity1760 , @entity972 and @entity1391 in the lavage fluid, a simple and immediate classification based upon the physical features of the free peritoneal fluid and the lavage return fluid was adopted. The presence of @entity5815 , or more than 10 ml of free fluid, or mild-straw coloured lavage was taken as the lavage criterion of a severe attack. Of the 89 attacks with a successful lavage, 68 were classified as mild and 21 as severe according to the clinical outcome. Clinical assessment of the attack on the day of admission to hospital successfully predicted only 8 (38%) of the severe attacks, but 17 (76%) were correctly predicted by lavage, carried out at an average time of 7 hours after admission. False positive results of lavage were seen in only 4 (6%) of the 68 mild attacks. All attacks in which a shock-like illness developed, or which resulted in @entity204 (4) were predicted as severe by lavage. We feel that diagnostic lavage especially suited to select @entity1 who may be expected to benefit from therapeutic peritoneal lavage.

title: Early prediction of severity of XXXX using peritoneal lavage.

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity5815 :: ('MESH:D015673', 'Disease') :: ['brown free fluid']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['biliary peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity656 :: (MESH:D019283,Disease) :: ['acute pancreatitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study aimed to investigate the clinical features of nasal mucosa malignant @entity320 , including the histopathological features and factors affecting prognosis. A retrospective analysis of the clinical data obtained from the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital (Tianjin, China) between October 1999 and June 2013 was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. In total, 29 cases of nasal mucosal malignant @entity320 were analyzed. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates were 48.3 and 27.6%, respectively. The study group consisted of 18 males and 11 females, with a median age of 61.5 years. Overall, 19 @entity1 underwent surgery, 28 received radiotherapy and 17 received chemotherapy. The American Joint Committee on @entity5 staging system (AJCC) was used to retrospectively stage the @entity5 . In total, 8 were @entity5 stage (T)1, 10 were T2, 6 were T3 and 5 were T4. The results revealed that the T stage, surgical treatment, location of the @entity5 and the presence of black pigmentation affected the 5-year survival rate of the @entity1 . By contrast, radiotherapy and chemotherapy had no effect on the overall survival rate. Overall, endoscopic or endoscopic-assisted surgery were the preferred methods of treatment, and histological features, including the presence of @entity5 melanin pigmentation, affected the prognosis of the @entity1 . This study indicated that the AJCC staging system is able to effectively predict the prognosis of @entity1 with nasal mucosa malignant @entity320 .

title: Clinical analysis of 29 cases of nasal mucosal malignant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In advanced or relapsed @entity788 , mono- or duo-therapy has shown modest efficacy at best. The present study evaluated the efficacy of a triplet combination in relapsed or advanced @entity788 . A total of 37 @entity1 with @entity420 in stage III/IV or with @entity66 were treated with a @entity136 , @entity1487 and @entity900 (GFP) regimen every 3 weeks. Only 29 out of 37 @entity1 were evaluable for response due to early treatment interruption in 8 @entity1 . The overall response rate was 24.1% and the disease control rate was 68.9%. The progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 61.5, 30.9 and 17.6% at 3, 6 and 9 months, respectively, and the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) rate was 46.5 and 30.6% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Grade 3/4 @entity1431 , @entity1398 and @entity882 occurred in 18.4, 29.9 and 24.5% of 147 cycles, respectively. Old age and a poor performance status (PS) were associated with the early discontinuation of chemotherapy (P=0.038 and P=0.036, respectively). In @entity1 <65 years old and with a PS of <2, the median PFS and @entity1349 times were 5.3 months and 10.3 months, respectively. Overall, although GFP resulted in acceptable response and survival rates, it does not appear to have marked superiority to @entity136 -based single or duplet chemotherapy.

title: Triplet cytotoxic chemotherapy with @entity136 , @entity1487 and XXXX for advanced @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['relapsed disease']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In advanced or relapsed @entity788 , mono- or duo-therapy has shown modest efficacy at best. The present study evaluated the efficacy of a triplet combination in relapsed or advanced @entity788 . A total of 37 @entity1 with @entity420 in stage III/IV or with @entity66 were treated with a @entity136 , @entity1487 and @entity900 (GFP) regimen every 3 weeks. Only 29 out of 37 @entity1 were evaluable for response due to early treatment interruption in 8 @entity1 . The overall response rate was 24.1% and the disease control rate was 68.9%. The progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 61.5, 30.9 and 17.6% at 3, 6 and 9 months, respectively, and the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) rate was 46.5 and 30.6% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Grade 3/4 @entity1431 , @entity1398 and @entity882 occurred in 18.4, 29.9 and 24.5% of 147 cycles, respectively. Old age and a poor performance status (PS) were associated with the early discontinuation of chemotherapy (P=0.038 and P=0.036, respectively). In @entity1 <65 years old and with a PS of <2, the median PFS and @entity1349 times were 5.3 months and 10.3 months, respectively. Overall, although GFP resulted in acceptable response and survival rates, it does not appear to have marked superiority to @entity136 -based single or duplet chemotherapy.

title: Triplet cytotoxic chemotherapy with @entity136 , @entity1487 and @entity900 for advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In advanced or relapsed @entity788 , mono- or duo-therapy has shown modest efficacy at best. The present study evaluated the efficacy of a triplet combination in relapsed or advanced @entity788 . A total of 37 @entity1 with @entity420 in stage III/IV or with @entity66 were treated with a @entity136 , @entity1487 and @entity900 (GFP) regimen every 3 weeks. Only 29 out of 37 @entity1 were evaluable for response due to early treatment interruption in 8 @entity1 . The overall response rate was 24.1% and the disease control rate was 68.9%. The progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 61.5, 30.9 and 17.6% at 3, 6 and 9 months, respectively, and the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) rate was 46.5 and 30.6% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Grade 3/4 @entity1431 , @entity1398 and @entity882 occurred in 18.4, 29.9 and 24.5% of 147 cycles, respectively. Old age and a poor performance status (PS) were associated with the early discontinuation of chemotherapy (P=0.038 and P=0.036, respectively). In @entity1 <65 years old and with a PS of <2, the median PFS and @entity1349 times were 5.3 months and 10.3 months, respectively. Overall, although GFP resulted in acceptable response and survival rates, it does not appear to have marked superiority to @entity136 -based single or duplet chemotherapy.

title: Triplet cytotoxic chemotherapy with @entity136 , XXXX and @entity900 for advanced @entity788 .

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In advanced or relapsed @entity788 , mono- or duo-therapy has shown modest efficacy at best. The present study evaluated the efficacy of a triplet combination in relapsed or advanced @entity788 . A total of 37 @entity1 with @entity420 in stage III/IV or with @entity66 were treated with a @entity136 , @entity1487 and @entity900 (GFP) regimen every 3 weeks. Only 29 out of 37 @entity1 were evaluable for response due to early treatment interruption in 8 @entity1 . The overall response rate was 24.1% and the disease control rate was 68.9%. The progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 61.5, 30.9 and 17.6% at 3, 6 and 9 months, respectively, and the @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) rate was 46.5 and 30.6% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Grade 3/4 @entity1431 , @entity1398 and @entity882 occurred in 18.4, 29.9 and 24.5% of 147 cycles, respectively. Old age and a poor performance status (PS) were associated with the early discontinuation of chemotherapy (P=0.038 and P=0.036, respectively). In @entity1 <65 years old and with a PS of <2, the median PFS and @entity1349 times were 5.3 months and 10.3 months, respectively. Overall, although GFP resulted in acceptable response and survival rates, it does not appear to have marked superiority to @entity136 -based single or duplet chemotherapy.

title: Triplet cytotoxic chemotherapy with XXXX , @entity1487 and @entity900 for advanced @entity788 .

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The chemokine system has been reported to be utilized and manipulated by @entity5 cells in order to promote @entity5 growth and distant dissemination. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of three chemokine ligand-receptor axes in @entity2 tissues. @entity5 and healthy normal tissue samples were obtained from 120 @entity2 @entity1 following surgical resection. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used in order to identify the protein and messenger (m)RNA expression of chemokines, including chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)12/stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1, @entity687 , chemokine ( @entity11274 and @entity3024 , and the corresponding chemokine receptors, chemokine ( @entity436 , @entity7415 , @entity7416 and chemokine ( @entity9350 , respectively. The results revealed that compared with the normal lung tissues, @entity2 tissues expressed significantly higher mRNA levels of @entity1570 / @entity1570 , @entity436 , @entity687 / @entity687 , @entity7416 , @entity11274 and @entity9350 (P<0.01). In four histological subtypes, @entity420 presented dominant expression of @entity436 , @entity7416 , @entity687 / @entity687 and @entity11274 (P<0.05). In addition, it was demonstrated that @entity5 staging was inversely correlated with @entity436 @entity9350 and @entity7416 mRNA expression as well as positively correlated with @entity1570 / @entity1570 , @entity687 / @entity687 and @entity11274 mRNA levels (P<0.05). Lymph node @entity3 presented a positive correlation with @entity436 , @entity7416 and @entity687 / @entity687 expression and a negative correlation with @entity11274 and @entity9350 expression (P<0.05). Furthermore, vascular invasion was more prevalent in @entity1 with higher expression levels of @entity436 , @entity9350 or @entity11274 (P<0.01). In conclusion, these data suggested that the ligand-receptor interaction of @entity71698 , @entity1570 - @entity436 and @entity71699 may be involved in the tumorigenesis of @entity2 . Higher expression levels of chemokines and lower expression of chemokine receptors indicated poor @entity5 staging. The CXC chemokine receptors, @entity436 and @entity7416 , promoted lymphatic @entity3 through the activation of their specific ligands, while @entity11274 and its receptor @entity9350 had an essential role in hematogenous @entity2 .

title: Association of chemokine and @entity436 expression with the invasion and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'local tumor']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung carcinoma', 'metastasis of lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity436 :: ('7852', 'Gene') :: ['chemokine receptor', 'C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)4', 'CXCR4']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['metastasis of lung carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The chemokine system has been reported to be utilized and manipulated by @entity5 cells in order to promote @entity5 growth and distant dissemination. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of three chemokine ligand-receptor axes in @entity2 tissues. @entity5 and healthy normal tissue samples were obtained from 120 @entity2 @entity1 following surgical resection. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used in order to identify the protein and messenger (m)RNA expression of chemokines, including chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)12/stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1, @entity687 , chemokine ( @entity11274 and @entity3024 , and the corresponding chemokine receptors, chemokine ( @entity436 , @entity7415 , @entity7416 and chemokine ( @entity9350 , respectively. The results revealed that compared with the normal lung tissues, @entity2 tissues expressed significantly higher mRNA levels of @entity1570 / @entity1570 , @entity436 , @entity687 / @entity687 , @entity7416 , @entity11274 and @entity9350 (P<0.01). In four histological subtypes, @entity420 presented dominant expression of @entity436 , @entity7416 , @entity687 / @entity687 and @entity11274 (P<0.05). In addition, it was demonstrated that @entity5 staging was inversely correlated with @entity436 @entity9350 and @entity7416 mRNA expression as well as positively correlated with @entity1570 / @entity1570 , @entity687 / @entity687 and @entity11274 mRNA levels (P<0.05). Lymph node @entity3 presented a positive correlation with @entity436 , @entity7416 and @entity687 / @entity687 expression and a negative correlation with @entity11274 and @entity9350 expression (P<0.05). Furthermore, vascular invasion was more prevalent in @entity1 with higher expression levels of @entity436 , @entity9350 or @entity11274 (P<0.01). In conclusion, these data suggested that the ligand-receptor interaction of @entity71698 , @entity1570 - @entity436 and @entity71699 may be involved in the tumorigenesis of @entity2 . Higher expression levels of chemokines and lower expression of chemokine receptors indicated poor @entity5 staging. The CXC chemokine receptors, @entity436 and @entity7416 , promoted lymphatic @entity3 through the activation of their specific ligands, while @entity11274 and its receptor @entity9350 had an essential role in hematogenous @entity2 .

title: Association of chemokine and XXXX expression with the invasion and @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity436 :: (7852,Gene) :: ['chemokine receptor']


abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate whether emotional stress in a pregnant @entity1 might have an adverse effect in the form of @entity600 on fetal development. The @entity1 of 1,263 @entity1 whose applications for legal abortion in 1960 had been refused were compared with the next @entity1 born in the same delivery wards and paired matched controls were thereby obtained. Results. 1) The incidence of @entity600 according to the criteria established by the Swedish Register of Malformations was 1.8% in the proband series as against 1.1% in the control series. 2) The incidence of @entity600 increased with higher age and lower social class in the proband series, whereas no such connection was found in the control series. 3) The incidence of @entity600 for @entity1 of abortion applicants 25 years of age and above from social class III was 3% in the proband series as against 0.6% in the control series (P = 0.017). 4) One @entity600 , @entity2419 , occurred at a significantly (P less than 0.01) higher incidence than in the country as a whole, four cases against the expected value of 0.69. 5) Etiological analysis showed that three of the cases were @entity2008 , all of them @entity1467 , in two cases there was a genetic background and two cases were @entity2816 -induced @entity4219 . In three proband @entity1 there may have been a connection with the abuse of @entity167 by the mother. 6) When the chromosomal, genetic and thalidomide cases are excluded, the preponderance of @entity600 in the proband @entity1 of mothers 25 years of age and above belonging to social class III still remains (2.2% vs. 0.3%, P = 0.017). Conclusion. The results may be seen as support for the hypothesis that emotional stress in a pregnant @entity1 , operationally defined by the factor unwanted pregnancy, may interfere with fetal development and result in a higher incidence of @entity600 . The interference may occur directly via psycho-endocrinal or autonomous mechanisms or indirectly by the way in which the @entity1 might act in this situation of stress, e.g. attempts to provoke abortion, neglect of proper food intake, excessive smoking, or the abuse of @entity167 of drugs.

title: Influence of maternal distress during pregnancy on fetal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'woman']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity4219 :: ('MESH:D004480', 'Disease') :: ['phocomelia']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'malformation']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ["Down's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal aberrations']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['cleft palate']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['malformations']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Benign @entity8170 is a common disease. Although large @entity5651 with obstructive symptoms including @entity1353 are a clear indication for surgery, acute @entity1224 , particularly in benign cervical @entity5651 cases, is rare. We herein report the case of 46-year-old female with acute @entity1224 . The @entity1 had a large and elastic @entity5651 which was more pronounced on the left side of her neck, and surgery was scheduled for within a few months. Three months after the initial presentation, while still waiting for surgery, the @entity1 was brought to the emergency room due to @entity909 and breathing difficulty and was immediately intubated. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed that the @entity825 was markedly compressed by a nodular lesion in the left lobe, and @entity55 was also evident. Total thyroidectomy was immediately performed via the supraclavicular approach. The @entity1 had an uneventful postoperative course and recovered well. The resected specimen included a well-encapsulated solid and cystic mass. Histopathological examination mainly revealed @entity5651 . The present case suggests that benign asymptomatic @entity8170 mostly located in the neck may cause acute @entity1224 , even if the nodules are not large. Early surgery should be performed when @entity8276 and @entity850 due to a large @entity5651 is prominent by CT scan.

title: Acute XXXX due to benign asymptomatic @entity8170 in the cervical region: A case report.

entities_list: @entity8170 :: ('MESH:D006044', 'Disease') :: ['nodular goiter']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['shortness of breath and dyspnea']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['goiter', 'adenomatous goiter', 'goiters']

entities_list: @entity8276 :: ('MESH:D014133', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal deviation']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['upper airway obstruction', 'airway obstruction', 'upper airway obstruction due to benign nodular goiter']

answer: @entity1224 :: (MESH:D000402,Disease) :: ['airway obstruction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Benign @entity8170 is a common disease. Although large @entity5651 with obstructive symptoms including @entity1353 are a clear indication for surgery, acute @entity1224 , particularly in benign cervical @entity5651 cases, is rare. We herein report the case of 46-year-old female with acute @entity1224 . The @entity1 had a large and elastic @entity5651 which was more pronounced on the left side of her neck, and surgery was scheduled for within a few months. Three months after the initial presentation, while still waiting for surgery, the @entity1 was brought to the emergency room due to @entity909 and breathing difficulty and was immediately intubated. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed that the @entity825 was markedly compressed by a nodular lesion in the left lobe, and @entity55 was also evident. Total thyroidectomy was immediately performed via the supraclavicular approach. The @entity1 had an uneventful postoperative course and recovered well. The resected specimen included a well-encapsulated solid and cystic mass. Histopathological examination mainly revealed @entity5651 . The present case suggests that benign asymptomatic @entity8170 mostly located in the neck may cause acute @entity1224 , even if the nodules are not large. Early surgery should be performed when @entity8276 and @entity850 due to a large @entity5651 is prominent by CT scan.

title: Acute @entity1224 due to benign asymptomatic XXXX in the cervical region: A case report.

answer: @entity8170 :: (MESH:D006044,Disease) :: ['nodular goiter']


abstract: Aging disrupts skin barrier function and induces xerosis accompanied by @entity111 . In many cases, elderly @entity1 complain of @entity111 during skin hygiene care, a condition called aquagenic @entity111 of the elderly (APE). To date, the pathophysiology and mechanism of action of APE have not been elucidated. We conducted the present study to test the hypothesis that hypo-osmotic shock of epidermal cells induces @entity32 and elongation of C-fibers by @entity2137 ( @entity2137 ) as a basic mechanism of APE. The dorsal skin of HWY @entity35 , which are a model for disrupted skin barrier function, was treated with distilled water ( @entity2421 treatment [Hypo] group) or normal saline (isotonic treatment [Iso] group) by applying soaked gauze for 7 days. Untreated @entity35 were used as a control (no-treatment [NT] group). Histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses revealed inflammatory responses in the epidermis and the dermal papillary layer in the Hypo group, while no alterations were observed in the Iso or NT groups. Induction of expression and secretion of @entity2137 and elongation of C-fibers into the epidermis were found in the Hypo group. In contrast, secretion of @entity2137 was significantly lower and elongation of C-fibers was not observed in the Iso group. These results suggest that hypo-osmotic shock-induced inflammatory reactions promote @entity56 to @entity111 in skin with disrupted barrier function.

title: Hypo-osmotic Shock-Induced Subclinical Inflammation of Skin in a XXXX Model of Disrupted Skin Barrier Function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['skin inflammation']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonic']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous interventions targeting nosocomial @entity293 have reduced catheterization and infections, but they require significant resources and may be susceptible to misclassification and surveillance bias. We sought to determine the effectiveness of a novel intervention at reducing catheterization and infections while exploring the potential for bias. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of a brief monthly in- @entity1 educational intervention focusing on appropriate urinary catheter use. RESULTS: We studied 1,335 @entity1 (13,753 @entity1 days) on 1 control and 1 intervention ward. After the intervention, the device utilization rate was significantly reduced, with a relative risk of 0.49 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32-0.76; P  =  .001) versus 1.02 (95% CI, 0.58-1.82; P  =  .93) for controls. Both wards demonstrated a reduction in @entity1212 after intervention, with an intervention relative risk of 0.42 (95% CI, 0.16-1.08; P  =  .07) and 0.51 (95% CI, 0.22-1.20; P  =  .12) for controls. There was no change in the rate of all nosocomial urine infections, with an intervention relative risk of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.38-1.65; P  =  .53) and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.48-1.67; P  =  .72) for controls. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that our novel educational intervention significantly reduces urinary catheter use in hospitalized @entity1 . The trend towards reduced @entity1212 after intervention, coupled with the absence of an improvement in all @entity580 supports a potential role of misclassification bias. We suggest that future prospective investigations explore this phenomenon using more robust outcome measures.

title: Novel low-resource intervention reduces urinary catheter use and associated XXXX : Role of outcome measure bias?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity1212 :: ('MESH:D055499', 'Disease') :: ['catheter-associated infections']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial infections']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infections']


abstract: AIMS: To determine maternal and perinatal outcome of @entity3036 @entity1 over a decade. METHODS: Analysis of case records of all @entity3036 cases from January 2005 to December 2014. RESULTS: There were 30 cases of @entity3036 . The most significant risk factors for developing @entity1468 are unbooked cases (97%), nulliparity, young age, marriage    <=4 months, history of @entity1468 in previous pregnancy, remarriage, preexisting @entity6 , interval between pregnancies   >= 10 years, positive family history. The incidence of @entity3036 was 0.05%, @entity10267 (50%), intrapartum 6 (20%) and postpartum 9 (30%) with no maternal deaths, and 1 perinatal @entity204 . Perinatal mortality was 33.3/1000. 22 (73%) @entity1 received @entity2400 ( @entity2400 ) and 8 @entity1 (27%) received @entity3175 , of which 1 had recurrence of @entity410 . All 15 antepartum cases were delivered by cesarean section as were 2 intrapartum. 13 (43%) of @entity1 delivered vaginally. Only 6 (20%) @entity1 were of low socio-economic status and were primary school educated. Severe maternal complications occurred in 8 (27%), with abruptio placentae being the most common 3 (38%). CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of @entity3036 was low, with no maternal deaths. @entity2400 was found to be highly effective. Lack of antenatal care is a major risk factor.

title: Maternal and perinatal outcome of XXXX over a decade at a tertiary hospital in Kuwait.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsions']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['Diazepam']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2400 :: ('CHEBI:32599', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulphate', 'MgSO4']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['pre-eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity10267 :: ('MESH:C538037', 'Disease') :: ['antepartum eclampsia 15']

answer: @entity3036 :: (MESH:D004461,Disease) :: ['eclampsia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chemo-resistance is a clinical barrier to more effective anti- @entity5 therapy. In this context, @entity5 stem-like cells (CSCs) are thought to be chemo-resistant, resulting in @entity5 recurrence and distant @entity3 . Our hypothesis is that chemo-resistance in CSCs is driven, in part, by enhanced mitochondrial function. Here, we used breast cell lines and metastatic @entity0 @entity1 samples to begin to dissect the role of mitochondrial metabolism in conferring the CSC phenotype. More specifically, we employed fluorescent staining with MitoTracker (MT) to metabolically fractionate these cell lines into mito-high and mito-low sub-populations, by flow-cytometry. Interestingly, cells with high mitochondrial mass (mito-high) were specifically enriched in a number of known CSC markers, such as @entity4975 dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, and they were ESA+/ @entity11707 -/low and formed mammospheres with higher efficiency. Large cell size is another independent characteristic of the stem cell phenotype; here, we observed a >2-fold increase in mitochondrial mass in large cells (>12- m), relative to the smaller cell population (4-8- m). Moreover, the mito-high cell population showed a 2.4-fold enrichment in @entity5 -initiating cell activity, based on limiting dilution assays in @entity19 xenografts. Importantly, primary @entity1 breast CSCs isolated from @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 or a @entity1 derived xenograft (PDX) also showed the co-enrichment of ALDH activity and mitochondrial mass. Most significantly, our investigations demonstrated that mito-high cells were resistant to @entity1311 , resulting in little or no DNA damage, as measured using the comet assay. In summary, increased mitochondrial mass in a sub-population of @entity0 cells confers a stem-like phenotype and chemo-resistance. As such, our current findings have important clinical implications for over-coming drug resistance, by therapeutically targeting the mito-high CSC population.

title: High mitochondrial mass identifies a sub-population of stem-like XXXX cells that are chemo-resistant.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The neuronal receptor protein @entity4149 phosphatase receptor    ( @entity52874  ) inhibits axonal extension upon binding to chondroitin @entity597 proteoglycans (CSPGs) in scar tissue. We recently demonstrated that modulating or deleting @entity52874   promoted re-innervation of the CSPG-containing @entity299 after @entity63 -reperfusion (I-R). However, it remains unknown if the lack of @entity52874   or early treatment with the @entity52874   modulator, intracellular sigma peptide (ISP), prevents the initial injury-induced axonal dieback. To address this, we carried out I-R in @entity52874   -/- @entity19 or control littermates treated with ISP or vehicle immediately at the time of I-R, and then assessed sympathetic innervation of the scar and surrounding myocardium 3days later. Vehicle-treated WT controls displayed sympathetic denervation within the scar and viable tissue adjacent to the scar, as well as distal myocardium farther from the scar. @entity52874   -/- and ISP-treated animals also displayed denervation of the scar and adjacent tissue, but regions distal to the scar were innervated normally. This suggests that @entity52874   does not mediate axonal dieback but its disruption enhances axonal regrowth in the heart. CSPG digestion alters the macrophage response to prevent axonal dieback in spinal neurons, so we investigated whether targeting @entity52874   might alter the macrophage response in the heart. The macrophage response after I-R was similar in vehicle and ISP-treated groups. @entity19 lacking @entity52874   trended toward an increased M2 response, but were not significantly different than the other groups. These data suggest that @entity52874   is not involved in axonal dieback or the early macrophage response following cardiac I-R.

title: Disrupting protein XXXX phosphatase    does not prevent sympathetic axonal dieback following myocardial infarction.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac scar']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity4149 :: (D014443,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: Findings from studies of @entity2449 use with risk of @entity5 incidence and outcome provide mixed results; with few studies examined associations by recency of @entity6 diagnosis or duration of medication use. Thus, in the @entity1 's Health Initiative, we examined these associations and further explored whether associations differ by recency of @entity6 and duration of @entity2449 use. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals. @entity6 was associated with higher risk of @entity3 (HR, 1.13; p   <   0.001) and of several site-specific @entity5 (HR, 1.2-1.4, and up to over twofold). @entity6 was also associated with higher risk of @entity204 from @entity5 (HR, 1.46; p   <   0.001). There was no overall difference in @entity5 incidence by @entity6 therapy (p   =   0.66). However, there was a lower risk of @entity204 from @entity5 for @entity2449 users, compared to users of other medications, relative to @entity1 without @entity6 , overall (HRs, 1.08 vs. 1.45; p   =   0.007) and for @entity0 (HRs, 0.50 vs. 1.29; p   =   0.05). Results also suggested that lower @entity5 risk associated with @entity2449 may be evident only for a longer duration of use in certain @entity5 sites or subgroup populations. We provide further evidence that postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity6 are at higher risk of @entity3 and @entity5 @entity204 . @entity2449 users, particularly long-term users, may be at lower risk of developing certain @entity5 and dying from @entity5 , compared to users of other anti- @entity6 medications. Future studies are needed to determine the long-term effect of @entity2449 in @entity5 risk and survival from @entity5 .

title: @entity6 , @entity2449 and incidence of and @entity204 from XXXX in postmenopausal @entity1 : Results from the @entity1 's health initiative.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['total invasive cancer', 'invasive cancer']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['Metformin', 'metformin']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['invasive cancer']


abstract: Findings from studies of @entity2449 use with risk of @entity5 incidence and outcome provide mixed results; with few studies examined associations by recency of @entity6 diagnosis or duration of medication use. Thus, in the @entity1 's Health Initiative, we examined these associations and further explored whether associations differ by recency of @entity6 and duration of @entity2449 use. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals. @entity6 was associated with higher risk of @entity3 (HR, 1.13; p   <   0.001) and of several site-specific @entity5 (HR, 1.2-1.4, and up to over twofold). @entity6 was also associated with higher risk of @entity204 from @entity5 (HR, 1.46; p   <   0.001). There was no overall difference in @entity5 incidence by @entity6 therapy (p   =   0.66). However, there was a lower risk of @entity204 from @entity5 for @entity2449 users, compared to users of other medications, relative to @entity1 without @entity6 , overall (HRs, 1.08 vs. 1.45; p   =   0.007) and for @entity0 (HRs, 0.50 vs. 1.29; p   =   0.05). Results also suggested that lower @entity5 risk associated with @entity2449 may be evident only for a longer duration of use in certain @entity5 sites or subgroup populations. We provide further evidence that postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity6 are at higher risk of @entity3 and @entity5 @entity204 . @entity2449 users, particularly long-term users, may be at lower risk of developing certain @entity5 and dying from @entity5 , compared to users of other anti- @entity6 medications. Future studies are needed to determine the long-term effect of @entity2449 in @entity5 risk and survival from @entity5 .

title: XXXX , @entity2449 and incidence of and @entity204 from @entity3 in postmenopausal @entity1 : Results from the @entity1 's health initiative.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: Findings from studies of @entity2449 use with risk of @entity5 incidence and outcome provide mixed results; with few studies examined associations by recency of @entity6 diagnosis or duration of medication use. Thus, in the @entity1 's Health Initiative, we examined these associations and further explored whether associations differ by recency of @entity6 and duration of @entity2449 use. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals. @entity6 was associated with higher risk of @entity3 (HR, 1.13; p   <   0.001) and of several site-specific @entity5 (HR, 1.2-1.4, and up to over twofold). @entity6 was also associated with higher risk of @entity204 from @entity5 (HR, 1.46; p   <   0.001). There was no overall difference in @entity5 incidence by @entity6 therapy (p   =   0.66). However, there was a lower risk of @entity204 from @entity5 for @entity2449 users, compared to users of other medications, relative to @entity1 without @entity6 , overall (HRs, 1.08 vs. 1.45; p   =   0.007) and for @entity0 (HRs, 0.50 vs. 1.29; p   =   0.05). Results also suggested that lower @entity5 risk associated with @entity2449 may be evident only for a longer duration of use in certain @entity5 sites or subgroup populations. We provide further evidence that postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity6 are at higher risk of @entity3 and @entity5 @entity204 . @entity2449 users, particularly long-term users, may be at lower risk of developing certain @entity5 and dying from @entity5 , compared to users of other anti- @entity6 medications. Future studies are needed to determine the long-term effect of @entity2449 in @entity5 risk and survival from @entity5 .

title: @entity6 , @entity2449 and incidence of and XXXX from @entity3 in postmenopausal @entity1 : Results from the @entity1 's health initiative.

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: Findings from studies of @entity2449 use with risk of @entity5 incidence and outcome provide mixed results; with few studies examined associations by recency of @entity6 diagnosis or duration of medication use. Thus, in the @entity1 's Health Initiative, we examined these associations and further explored whether associations differ by recency of @entity6 and duration of @entity2449 use. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals. @entity6 was associated with higher risk of @entity3 (HR, 1.13; p   <   0.001) and of several site-specific @entity5 (HR, 1.2-1.4, and up to over twofold). @entity6 was also associated with higher risk of @entity204 from @entity5 (HR, 1.46; p   <   0.001). There was no overall difference in @entity5 incidence by @entity6 therapy (p   =   0.66). However, there was a lower risk of @entity204 from @entity5 for @entity2449 users, compared to users of other medications, relative to @entity1 without @entity6 , overall (HRs, 1.08 vs. 1.45; p   =   0.007) and for @entity0 (HRs, 0.50 vs. 1.29; p   =   0.05). Results also suggested that lower @entity5 risk associated with @entity2449 may be evident only for a longer duration of use in certain @entity5 sites or subgroup populations. We provide further evidence that postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity6 are at higher risk of @entity3 and @entity5 @entity204 . @entity2449 users, particularly long-term users, may be at lower risk of developing certain @entity5 and dying from @entity5 , compared to users of other anti- @entity6 medications. Future studies are needed to determine the long-term effect of @entity2449 in @entity5 risk and survival from @entity5 .

title: @entity6 , XXXX and incidence of and @entity204 from @entity3 in postmenopausal @entity1 : Results from the @entity1 's health initiative.

answer: @entity2449 :: (MESH:D008687,Chemical) :: ['metformin']


abstract: Findings from studies of @entity2449 use with risk of @entity5 incidence and outcome provide mixed results; with few studies examined associations by recency of @entity6 diagnosis or duration of medication use. Thus, in the @entity1 's Health Initiative, we examined these associations and further explored whether associations differ by recency of @entity6 and duration of @entity2449 use. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals. @entity6 was associated with higher risk of @entity3 (HR, 1.13; p   <   0.001) and of several site-specific @entity5 (HR, 1.2-1.4, and up to over twofold). @entity6 was also associated with higher risk of @entity204 from @entity5 (HR, 1.46; p   <   0.001). There was no overall difference in @entity5 incidence by @entity6 therapy (p   =   0.66). However, there was a lower risk of @entity204 from @entity5 for @entity2449 users, compared to users of other medications, relative to @entity1 without @entity6 , overall (HRs, 1.08 vs. 1.45; p   =   0.007) and for @entity0 (HRs, 0.50 vs. 1.29; p   =   0.05). Results also suggested that lower @entity5 risk associated with @entity2449 may be evident only for a longer duration of use in certain @entity5 sites or subgroup populations. We provide further evidence that postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity6 are at higher risk of @entity3 and @entity5 @entity204 . @entity2449 users, particularly long-term users, may be at lower risk of developing certain @entity5 and dying from @entity5 , compared to users of other anti- @entity6 medications. Future studies are needed to determine the long-term effect of @entity2449 in @entity5 risk and survival from @entity5 .

title: @entity6 , @entity2449 and incidence of and @entity204 from @entity3 in postmenopausal XXXX : Results from the @entity1 's health initiative.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Findings from studies of @entity2449 use with risk of @entity5 incidence and outcome provide mixed results; with few studies examined associations by recency of @entity6 diagnosis or duration of medication use. Thus, in the @entity1 's Health Initiative, we examined these associations and further explored whether associations differ by recency of @entity6 and duration of @entity2449 use. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals. @entity6 was associated with higher risk of @entity3 (HR, 1.13; p   <   0.001) and of several site-specific @entity5 (HR, 1.2-1.4, and up to over twofold). @entity6 was also associated with higher risk of @entity204 from @entity5 (HR, 1.46; p   <   0.001). There was no overall difference in @entity5 incidence by @entity6 therapy (p   =   0.66). However, there was a lower risk of @entity204 from @entity5 for @entity2449 users, compared to users of other medications, relative to @entity1 without @entity6 , overall (HRs, 1.08 vs. 1.45; p   =   0.007) and for @entity0 (HRs, 0.50 vs. 1.29; p   =   0.05). Results also suggested that lower @entity5 risk associated with @entity2449 may be evident only for a longer duration of use in certain @entity5 sites or subgroup populations. We provide further evidence that postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity6 are at higher risk of @entity3 and @entity5 @entity204 . @entity2449 users, particularly long-term users, may be at lower risk of developing certain @entity5 and dying from @entity5 , compared to users of other anti- @entity6 medications. Future studies are needed to determine the long-term effect of @entity2449 in @entity5 risk and survival from @entity5 .

title: @entity6 , @entity2449 and incidence of and @entity204 from @entity3 in postmenopausal @entity1 : Results from the XXXX 's health initiative.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The pathogenesis of poststroke fatigue is unclear. In this prospective study, we explored whether reduced physical activity might contribute to poststroke fatigue or be a consequence of it. METHODS: @entity1 with a recent acute @entity64 were assessed at 1, 6, and 12 months with, @entity1295 ( @entity1295 ), a @entity1295 , @entity148 and @entity308 Score, sleepiness, quality of life, and accelerometry (ActivPAL). Bivariate analyses determined associations between fatigue and step count at each time point. Multiple linear regression tested whether 1-month step count independently predicted 6- and 12-month @entity1295 . RESULTS: A total of 136 @entity1 (mean age, 72 years; 64% @entity1 ) attended >= 1 assessment. ActivPAL data were available for 84 (64%), 69 (66%), and 58 (64%) @entity1 at 1, 6, and 12 months, respectively. At 6 and 12 months, a positive @entity1295 was associated with lower daily step counts (P=0.014 and 0.013, respectively). At 1, 6, and 12 months, higher @entity1295 (more fatigue) was associated with lower step count (P<0.001, 0.01, and 0.007), higher @entity308 (P<0.001), @entity148 (P<0.001), and poorer quality of life (P<0.001). Lower daily step count (P<0.002 and 0.006) and greater @entity148 (P<0.001 for both) at 1 month independently predicted higher @entity1295 at 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Lower step counts at 1 month independently predicted greater @entity1295 for  <=12 months. Physical activity might be a therapeutic target for poststroke fatigue.

title: Exploratory longitudinal cohort study of associations of fatigue after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue case definition', 'Fatigue Assessment Scale', 'FAS']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'anxiety scores (P<0.001) and sleepiness', 'Hospital Anxiety']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In 40% of cases of classical @entity978 (cHL), EBV-latency-II antigens (EBNA1/ @entity25062 /LMP2A) are present (EBV(+) cHL) in the malignant cells and antigen presentation is intact. Previous studies have consistently shown that @entity1529 *02 is protective in EBV(+) cHL, yet its role in disease pathogenesis is unknown. To explore the basis for this observation, gene expression was assessed in 33 cHL nodes. Interestingly, @entity405 and LMP2A expression were strongly correlated and, for a given LMP2A level, @entity405 was markedly elevated in @entity1529 *02(-ve) versus @entity1529 *02(+) EBV(+) cHL @entity1 , suggesting that LMP2A-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell anti-tumoral immunity may be relatively ineffective in @entity1529 *02(-ve) EBV(+) cHL. To ascertain the impact of HLA-class I on EBV-latency antigen-specific immuno-dominance, we used a step-wise functional T-cell approach. In newly diagnosed EBV(+) cHL, the magnitude of ex vivo @entity25062 /2A-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell responses was elevated in @entity1529 *02(+) @entity1 . Furthermore, in a controlled in vitro assay, LMP2A-specific @entity405 (+) T-cells from healthy @entity1529 *02 heterozygotes expanded to a greater extent with @entity1529 *02-restricted compared to non- @entity1529 *02-restricted cell lines. In an extensive analysis of HLA-class I-restricted immunity, immuno-dominant EBNA3A/3B/3C-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell responses were stimulated by numerous HLA-class I molecules, whereas the sub-dominant @entity25062 /2A-specific responses were largely confined to @entity1529 *02. Our results demonstrate that @entity1529 *02 mediates a modest, but nonetheless stronger, EBV-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell response than non- @entity1529 *02 alleles, an effect confined to EBV-latency-II antigens. Thus, the protective effect of @entity1529 *02 against EBV(+) cHL is not a surrogate association, but reflects the impact of HLA-class I on EBV-latency-II antigen-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell hierarchies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: The impact of HLA-class I and EBV-latency-II antigen-specific @entity405 (+) T-cells on the pathogenesis of EBV(+) XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['Hodgkin Lymphoma']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin Lymphoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In 40% of cases of classical @entity978 (cHL), EBV-latency-II antigens (EBNA1/ @entity25062 /LMP2A) are present (EBV(+) cHL) in the malignant cells and antigen presentation is intact. Previous studies have consistently shown that @entity1529 *02 is protective in EBV(+) cHL, yet its role in disease pathogenesis is unknown. To explore the basis for this observation, gene expression was assessed in 33 cHL nodes. Interestingly, @entity405 and LMP2A expression were strongly correlated and, for a given LMP2A level, @entity405 was markedly elevated in @entity1529 *02(-ve) versus @entity1529 *02(+) EBV(+) cHL @entity1 , suggesting that LMP2A-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell anti-tumoral immunity may be relatively ineffective in @entity1529 *02(-ve) EBV(+) cHL. To ascertain the impact of HLA-class I on EBV-latency antigen-specific immuno-dominance, we used a step-wise functional T-cell approach. In newly diagnosed EBV(+) cHL, the magnitude of ex vivo @entity25062 /2A-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell responses was elevated in @entity1529 *02(+) @entity1 . Furthermore, in a controlled in vitro assay, LMP2A-specific @entity405 (+) T-cells from healthy @entity1529 *02 heterozygotes expanded to a greater extent with @entity1529 *02-restricted compared to non- @entity1529 *02-restricted cell lines. In an extensive analysis of HLA-class I-restricted immunity, immuno-dominant EBNA3A/3B/3C-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell responses were stimulated by numerous HLA-class I molecules, whereas the sub-dominant @entity25062 /2A-specific responses were largely confined to @entity1529 *02. Our results demonstrate that @entity1529 *02 mediates a modest, but nonetheless stronger, EBV-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell response than non- @entity1529 *02 alleles, an effect confined to EBV-latency-II antigens. Thus, the protective effect of @entity1529 *02 against EBV(+) cHL is not a surrogate association, but reflects the impact of HLA-class I on EBV-latency-II antigen-specific @entity405 (+) T-cell hierarchies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: The impact of HLA-class I and EBV-latency-II antigen-specific XXXX (+) T-cells on the pathogenesis of EBV(+) @entity978 .

answer: @entity405 :: (925,Gene) :: ['CD8']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) is a common comorbidity of @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ). Long-term consequences of @entity1593 are not completely understood, and adhering to a gluten-free diet is a burden for many @entity1 . We investigated the effect of @entity1593 on vascular risk factors in a large cohort of @entity1723 @entity1 aged <20   yr. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Within the @entity6 (DPV)- @entity6 registry, data were analyzed from 59   909   <   20-yr-old @entity1723 @entity1 treated at 392 centers in Germany and Austria. A total of 974 @entity1 with @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) were compared with 28   398 @entity1 without @entity1593 with respect to blood pressure (BP), lipids, glycohemoglobin (HbA1c ), body mass index (BMI), and reported smoking behavior. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity1723 and @entity1593 showed significantly lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels [median (interquartile range): 53.0 (43.0-62.6)   mg/dL] than @entity1 without @entity1593 [55.0 (45.0-66.0)   mg/dL; p   <   0.01; p   <   0.001 after adjustment for confounding variables]. Systolic BP was lower in @entity1 with @entity1593 [105.5 (100.0-112.5) mmHg] than in @entity1 without @entity1593 [110.0 (102.0-117.0) mmHg; p   <   0.0001; p   <   0.001 after adjustment]. There were no significant differences regarding smoking behavior, BMI, or HbA1c . In a subgroup of 335 @entity1 with @entity1593 , HDL cholesterol was measured 1 yr after diagnosis of @entity1593 :HDL increased by 8% (p   <   0.01). CONCLUSION: Young @entity1 with @entity1723 and @entity1593 have lower HDL cholesterol values than @entity1 without @entity1593 . As low HDL cholesterol is associated with vascular risk, our findings support screening for @entity1593 and monitoring of HDL cholesterol in young @entity1 with @entity1723 .

title: Vascular risk factors in @entity1 , adolescents, and young adults with XXXX complicated by celiac disease: results from the DPV initiative.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['T1D', 'type 1 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['biopsy-proven celiac disease', 'Celiac disease', 'BPCD', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'longitudinal Diabetes Patienten Verlaufsdokumentation']

answer: @entity1723 :: (MESH:D003922,Disease) :: ['type 1 diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) is a common comorbidity of @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ). Long-term consequences of @entity1593 are not completely understood, and adhering to a gluten-free diet is a burden for many @entity1 . We investigated the effect of @entity1593 on vascular risk factors in a large cohort of @entity1723 @entity1 aged <20   yr. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Within the @entity6 (DPV)- @entity6 registry, data were analyzed from 59   909   <   20-yr-old @entity1723 @entity1 treated at 392 centers in Germany and Austria. A total of 974 @entity1 with @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) were compared with 28   398 @entity1 without @entity1593 with respect to blood pressure (BP), lipids, glycohemoglobin (HbA1c ), body mass index (BMI), and reported smoking behavior. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity1723 and @entity1593 showed significantly lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels [median (interquartile range): 53.0 (43.0-62.6)   mg/dL] than @entity1 without @entity1593 [55.0 (45.0-66.0)   mg/dL; p   <   0.01; p   <   0.001 after adjustment for confounding variables]. Systolic BP was lower in @entity1 with @entity1593 [105.5 (100.0-112.5) mmHg] than in @entity1 without @entity1593 [110.0 (102.0-117.0) mmHg; p   <   0.0001; p   <   0.001 after adjustment]. There were no significant differences regarding smoking behavior, BMI, or HbA1c . In a subgroup of 335 @entity1 with @entity1593 , HDL cholesterol was measured 1 yr after diagnosis of @entity1593 :HDL increased by 8% (p   <   0.01). CONCLUSION: Young @entity1 with @entity1723 and @entity1593 have lower HDL cholesterol values than @entity1 without @entity1593 . As low HDL cholesterol is associated with vascular risk, our findings support screening for @entity1593 and monitoring of HDL cholesterol in young @entity1 with @entity1723 .

title: Vascular risk factors in XXXX , adolescents, and young adults with @entity1723 complicated by celiac disease: results from the DPV initiative.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2548 ( @entity2548 ) are the preferred access for hemodialysis, however, there continues to be limited data guiding the surgical management of primary dialysis access creation in elderly @entity454 @entity1 . METHODS: This is an 8-year retrospective institutional study evaluating the operative and clinical characteristics of @entity1 70  years or above who underwent primary, first-ever, @entity2548 or @entity2758 ( @entity2758 ) creation. RESULTS: There was no overall significant difference in @entity2548 and @entity2758 primary (P  =  0.127) and secondary (P  =  0.870) patency. @entity2758 had higher graft loss secondary to infection (P  =  0.0002) and @entity715 (P  =  0.0213). Survival was less than 50% at 2  years for @entity2548 and @entity2758 @entity1 . An equal number of @entity2548 and @entity2758 @entity1 who died had functional access at the time of @entity204 (P  =  1.0000) with more @entity2758 @entity1 using their graft (initiating dialysis) before @entity204 (P  =  0.0118). CONCLUSIONS: Elderly @entity1 patency rates for @entity2548 and @entity2758 are satisfactory and support surgical access creation; however, overall 2-year survival is low. An equal number of @entity2548 and @entity2758 @entity1 died with functioning surgical access, however, more @entity2758 @entity1 initiated dialysis and successfully used their access. Accordingly, special consideration needs to be given with regard to estimated timing until dialysis and predicted @entity1 longevity. Delaying access creation until dialysis is needed and proceeding with @entity2758 creation appears to be justified.

title: Hemodialysis Access in the Elderly: Outcomes among XXXX Older than Seventy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['AVG', 'arteriovenous graft']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['AVF', 'Arteriovenous fistulae']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several approaches have been proposed for risk-stratification and primary prevention of @entity301 ( @entity301 ), but their comparative and cost-effectiveness is unknown. METHODS: We constructed a state-transition microsimulation model to compare multiple approaches to the primary prevention of @entity301 in a simulated cohort of @entity1 aged 45-75 and @entity1 55-75. Risk-stratification strategies included the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines on the treatment of blood @entity165 , the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III guidelines, and approaches based on coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) scoring and @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ). Additionally we assessed a treat-all strategy in which all individuals were prescribed either moderate-dose or high-dose statins and all males received low-dose @entity117 . Outcome measures included @entity301 events, costs, medication-related side effects, radiation-attributable @entity5 , and quality-adjusted-life-years (QALYs) over a 30-year timeframe. RESULTS: Treat-all with high-dose statins dominated all other strategies for both @entity1 and @entity1 , gaining 15.7 million QALYs, preventing 7.3 million @entity583 , and saving over  238 billion, compared to the status quo, far outweighing its associated adverse events including @entity548 , @entity99 , @entity121 , and new-onset @entity6 . ACC/AHA guidelines were more cost-effective than ATP III guidelines for both @entity1 and @entity1 despite placing 8.7 million more @entity1 on statins. For @entity1 at low @entity301 risk, treat-all with high-dose @entity6817 was more likely to cause a statin-related adverse event than to prevent a @entity301 event. CONCLUSIONS: Despite leading to a greater proportion of the population placed on statin therapy, the ACC/AHA guidelines are more cost-effective than ATP III. Even so, at generic prices, treating all @entity1 and @entity1 with statins and all @entity1 with low-dose @entity117 appears to be more cost-effective than all risk-stratification approaches for the primary prevention of @entity301 . Especially for low- @entity301 risk @entity1 , decisions on the appropriate primary prevention strategy should be based on shared decision making between @entity1 and healthcare providers.

title: Strategies for Primary Prevention of @entity301 Based on Risk Stratification by the ACC/AHA Lipid Guidelines, ATP III Guidelines, Coronary XXXX Scoring, and @entity1851 , and a Global Treat-All Strategy: A Comparative--Effectiveness Modeling Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']