abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate whether Stage IIIC (TanyN3M0) @entity0 can be classified further into subgroups with different prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and thirty-two @entity1 with @entity0 at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were analyzed. The disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method for lymph node ratio (LNR) and the number of positive lymph node (PLN). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off value of the LNR and PLN. The univariate and multivariate analysis were applied to identify the prognostic factors. RESULTS: The results showed that the optimal cut-off value of LNR value was 0.65, and the optimal cut-off value of PLN was 15. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the higher value of LNR or PLN was correlated with shortened DFS (P = 0.002, P = 0.008, respectively) and @entity1349 (P < 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). In multivariate survival analysis, the value of LNR and PLN were still remained as independent prognostic factors for DFS (P = 0.014, P = 0.013, respectively) and @entity1349 (P = 0.004, P = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the value of LNR or PLN could be used as a new significant prognostic biomarker for @entity0 @entity1 . @entity0 @entity1 with lower value of LNR or PLN may be down staged.

title: A new perspective on the IIIC staging in Chinese XXXX with primary @entity0 : Single-center experiences.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Long-term data from three randomized trials have demonstrated that adjuvant @entity1161 (ART) reduces the rate of biochemical failure in high-risk @entity1 following radical prostatectomy (RP). One of these trials has shown a survival advantage. We investigated the rate of ART in Victoria and the predictors for this treatment. METHODS: We analysed data from eligible @entity1 who were notified to the Victorian @entity263 Registry (PCR) by 37 Victorian hospitals between 1 August 2008 and 31 October 2011. We defined ART as @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) delivered within 6 months of RP. Predictors of ART receipt were modelled using adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression. RESULTS: There were 4626 eligible cases from which 2018 underwent RP with recorded date of surgery. Of these eligible prostatectomy cases, a total of 89 received ART. A subgroup of 833 @entity1 had an adverse pathologic feature, of whom 78 received ART. In a multivariate model, pathologic @entity5 stage pT3a (odds ratio (OR) 2.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-5.00; P   =   0.003), pT3b (OR 4.58; 95% CI 2.12-9.89; P   =   0.000), a positive surgical margin (OR 8.91; 95% CI 4.61-17.2; P   =   0.000) and pathologic Gleason grade >7 (OR 7.18; 95% CI 1.54-33.6; P   =   0.012) predicted receipt of ART. CONCLUSION: Adverse pathologic features and high pathologic Gleason score predict for receiving ART in Victorian @entity1 after RP, but overall, ART is not commonly prescribed. This finding is consistent with other published series and may reflect clinician scepticism regarding the benefit of ART over salvage @entity1161 and concern about @entity137 and the risk of over treatment.

title: Predictors and rate of adjuvant @entity1161 following radical prostatectomy: A report from the XXXX Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['Prostate Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Long-term data from three randomized trials have demonstrated that adjuvant @entity1161 (ART) reduces the rate of biochemical failure in high-risk @entity1 following radical prostatectomy (RP). One of these trials has shown a survival advantage. We investigated the rate of ART in Victoria and the predictors for this treatment. METHODS: We analysed data from eligible @entity1 who were notified to the Victorian @entity263 Registry (PCR) by 37 Victorian hospitals between 1 August 2008 and 31 October 2011. We defined ART as @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) delivered within 6 months of RP. Predictors of ART receipt were modelled using adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression. RESULTS: There were 4626 eligible cases from which 2018 underwent RP with recorded date of surgery. Of these eligible prostatectomy cases, a total of 89 received ART. A subgroup of 833 @entity1 had an adverse pathologic feature, of whom 78 received ART. In a multivariate model, pathologic @entity5 stage pT3a (odds ratio (OR) 2.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-5.00; P   =   0.003), pT3b (OR 4.58; 95% CI 2.12-9.89; P   =   0.000), a positive surgical margin (OR 8.91; 95% CI 4.61-17.2; P   =   0.000) and pathologic Gleason grade >7 (OR 7.18; 95% CI 1.54-33.6; P   =   0.012) predicted receipt of ART. CONCLUSION: Adverse pathologic features and high pathologic Gleason score predict for receiving ART in Victorian @entity1 after RP, but overall, ART is not commonly prescribed. This finding is consistent with other published series and may reflect clinician scepticism regarding the benefit of ART over salvage @entity1161 and concern about @entity137 and the risk of over treatment.

title: Predictors and rate of adjuvant XXXX following radical prostatectomy: A report from the @entity263 Registry.

answer: @entity1161 :: (MESH:D011832,Disease) :: ['radiation therapy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1850 @entity1 with non-critical serum venous @entity880 ( @entity24604 ) levels ( @entity24604 <4.0 mmol/L) who suffered in-hospital mortality and examines @entity24604 in relation to survival times. METHODS: An @entity341 based retrospective cohort study accrued September 2010 to August 2014. Inclusion criteria were @entity341 admission, @entity24604 sampling, >2 @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ), and in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival estimates. An a priori sub-group analysis for @entity1 with repeat @entity24604 within 6 hours of initial sampling was undertaken. The primary outcome was time to in-hospital death evaluated using rank-sum tests and regression models. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-seven @entity1 met inclusion criteria. @entity358 were the most common (44%) and median @entity24604 was 1.9 mmol/L (1.5, 2.5). Thirteen @entity1 (7%) died within 24 hours and 79% by  <=28 days. Median survival was 11 days (95% CI, 8.0-13). Sixty-two @entity1 had repeat @entity24604 sampling with 14 (23%) and 48 (77%) having decreasing increasing levels, respectively. No significant differences were observed in treatment requirements between the @entity24604 subgroups. Among @entity1 with decreasing @entity24604 , median survival was 24 days (95% CI, 5-32). For @entity1 with increasing @entity24604 median survival was significantly shorter (7 days; 95% CI, 4-11, P = .04). @entity1 with increasing @entity24604 had a non-significant trend toward reduced survival (HR = 1.6 95% CI, 0.90-3.0, P = .10). CONCLUSIONS: In septic @entity341 @entity1 experiencing in-hospital death, non-critical serum venous @entity880 may be utilized as a risk-stratifying tool for early mortality, while increasing @entity24604 levels may identify those in danger of more rapid deterioration.

title: The prognostic role of non-critical @entity880 levels for in-hospital survival time among XXXX @entity1 with @entity1850 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary infections']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria with an infectious source', 'sepsis']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['ED']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1850 @entity1 with non-critical serum venous @entity880 ( @entity24604 ) levels ( @entity24604 <4.0 mmol/L) who suffered in-hospital mortality and examines @entity24604 in relation to survival times. METHODS: An @entity341 based retrospective cohort study accrued September 2010 to August 2014. Inclusion criteria were @entity341 admission, @entity24604 sampling, >2 @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ), and in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival estimates. An a priori sub-group analysis for @entity1 with repeat @entity24604 within 6 hours of initial sampling was undertaken. The primary outcome was time to in-hospital death evaluated using rank-sum tests and regression models. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-seven @entity1 met inclusion criteria. @entity358 were the most common (44%) and median @entity24604 was 1.9 mmol/L (1.5, 2.5). Thirteen @entity1 (7%) died within 24 hours and 79% by  <=28 days. Median survival was 11 days (95% CI, 8.0-13). Sixty-two @entity1 had repeat @entity24604 sampling with 14 (23%) and 48 (77%) having decreasing increasing levels, respectively. No significant differences were observed in treatment requirements between the @entity24604 subgroups. Among @entity1 with decreasing @entity24604 , median survival was 24 days (95% CI, 5-32). For @entity1 with increasing @entity24604 median survival was significantly shorter (7 days; 95% CI, 4-11, P = .04). @entity1 with increasing @entity24604 had a non-significant trend toward reduced survival (HR = 1.6 95% CI, 0.90-3.0, P = .10). CONCLUSIONS: In septic @entity341 @entity1 experiencing in-hospital death, non-critical serum venous @entity880 may be utilized as a risk-stratifying tool for early mortality, while increasing @entity24604 levels may identify those in danger of more rapid deterioration.

title: The prognostic role of non-critical @entity880 levels for in-hospital survival time among @entity341 @entity1 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1850 :: (MESH:D018746,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1850 @entity1 with non-critical serum venous @entity880 ( @entity24604 ) levels ( @entity24604 <4.0 mmol/L) who suffered in-hospital mortality and examines @entity24604 in relation to survival times. METHODS: An @entity341 based retrospective cohort study accrued September 2010 to August 2014. Inclusion criteria were @entity341 admission, @entity24604 sampling, >2 @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ), and in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival estimates. An a priori sub-group analysis for @entity1 with repeat @entity24604 within 6 hours of initial sampling was undertaken. The primary outcome was time to in-hospital death evaluated using rank-sum tests and regression models. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-seven @entity1 met inclusion criteria. @entity358 were the most common (44%) and median @entity24604 was 1.9 mmol/L (1.5, 2.5). Thirteen @entity1 (7%) died within 24 hours and 79% by  <=28 days. Median survival was 11 days (95% CI, 8.0-13). Sixty-two @entity1 had repeat @entity24604 sampling with 14 (23%) and 48 (77%) having decreasing increasing levels, respectively. No significant differences were observed in treatment requirements between the @entity24604 subgroups. Among @entity1 with decreasing @entity24604 , median survival was 24 days (95% CI, 5-32). For @entity1 with increasing @entity24604 median survival was significantly shorter (7 days; 95% CI, 4-11, P = .04). @entity1 with increasing @entity24604 had a non-significant trend toward reduced survival (HR = 1.6 95% CI, 0.90-3.0, P = .10). CONCLUSIONS: In septic @entity341 @entity1 experiencing in-hospital death, non-critical serum venous @entity880 may be utilized as a risk-stratifying tool for early mortality, while increasing @entity24604 levels may identify those in danger of more rapid deterioration.

title: The prognostic role of non-critical XXXX levels for in-hospital survival time among @entity341 @entity1 with @entity1850 .

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1850 @entity1 with non-critical serum venous @entity880 ( @entity24604 ) levels ( @entity24604 <4.0 mmol/L) who suffered in-hospital mortality and examines @entity24604 in relation to survival times. METHODS: An @entity341 based retrospective cohort study accrued September 2010 to August 2014. Inclusion criteria were @entity341 admission, @entity24604 sampling, >2 @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ), and in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival estimates. An a priori sub-group analysis for @entity1 with repeat @entity24604 within 6 hours of initial sampling was undertaken. The primary outcome was time to in-hospital death evaluated using rank-sum tests and regression models. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-seven @entity1 met inclusion criteria. @entity358 were the most common (44%) and median @entity24604 was 1.9 mmol/L (1.5, 2.5). Thirteen @entity1 (7%) died within 24 hours and 79% by  <=28 days. Median survival was 11 days (95% CI, 8.0-13). Sixty-two @entity1 had repeat @entity24604 sampling with 14 (23%) and 48 (77%) having decreasing increasing levels, respectively. No significant differences were observed in treatment requirements between the @entity24604 subgroups. Among @entity1 with decreasing @entity24604 , median survival was 24 days (95% CI, 5-32). For @entity1 with increasing @entity24604 median survival was significantly shorter (7 days; 95% CI, 4-11, P = .04). @entity1 with increasing @entity24604 had a non-significant trend toward reduced survival (HR = 1.6 95% CI, 0.90-3.0, P = .10). CONCLUSIONS: In septic @entity341 @entity1 experiencing in-hospital death, non-critical serum venous @entity880 may be utilized as a risk-stratifying tool for early mortality, while increasing @entity24604 levels may identify those in danger of more rapid deterioration.

title: The prognostic role of non-critical @entity880 levels for in-hospital survival time among @entity341 XXXX with @entity1850 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although standard enteral nutrition is universally accepted, the use of disease-specific formulas for @entity1602 @entity1 is still controversial. This study examines whether a high-protein @entity6 -specific formula reduces insulin needs, improves glycemic control and reduces ICU-acquired @entity281 in @entity3124 , @entity1602 @entity1 on mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label, randomized (web-based, blinded) study conducted at nine Spanish ICUs. The @entity1 groups established according to the high-protein formula received were: group A, new-generation @entity6 -specific formula; group B, standard control formula; group C, control @entity6 -specific formula. Inclusion criteria were: expected enteral nutrition >= 5 days, MV, baseline @entity413 >126 mg/dL on admission or >200 mg/dL in the first 48 h. Exclusion criteria were: APACHE II  <=10, @entity177 , treatment with @entity288 , immunosuppressants or lipid-lowering drugs and body mass index >= 40 kg/m(2). The targeted @entity413 level was 110-150 mg/dL. Glycemic variability was calculated as the standard deviation, glycemic lability index and coefficient of variation. Acquired @entity281 were recorded using published consensus criteria for @entity3124 @entity1 . Data analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period, 157 @entity1 were consecutively enrolled (A 52, B 53 and C 52). Compared with the standard control formula, the new formula gave rise to lower insulin requirement (19.1        13.1 vs. 23.7        40.1 IU/day, p <0.05), plasma @entity413 (138.6        39.1 vs. 146.1        49.9 mg/dL, p <0.01) and capillary blood @entity413 (146.1        45.8 vs. 155.3        63.6 mg/dL, p <0.001). Compared with the control @entity6 -specific formula, only capillary @entity413 levels were significantly reduced (146.1        45.8 vs. 150.1        41.9, p <0.01). Both specific formulas reduced capillary @entity413 on ICU day 1 (p <0.01), @entity413 variability in the first week (p <0.05), and incidences of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (p <0.01) or @entity55 (p <0.05) compared with the standard formula. No effects of the nutrition formula were produced on hospital stay or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In these high-risk ICU @entity1 , both @entity6 lowered insulin requirements, improved glycemic control and reduced the risk of acquired @entity281 relative to the standard formula. Compared with the control-specific formula, the new-generation formula also improved capillary glycemia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT1233726 .

title: @entity6 -specific enteral nutrition formula in @entity1602 , mechanically ventilated, XXXX @entity1 : a prospective, open-label, blind-randomized, multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes-specific formulas', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['insulin-dependent diabetes, renal or hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity3124 :: (MESH:D016638,Disease) :: ['critically ill']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although standard enteral nutrition is universally accepted, the use of disease-specific formulas for @entity1602 @entity1 is still controversial. This study examines whether a high-protein @entity6 -specific formula reduces insulin needs, improves glycemic control and reduces ICU-acquired @entity281 in @entity3124 , @entity1602 @entity1 on mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label, randomized (web-based, blinded) study conducted at nine Spanish ICUs. The @entity1 groups established according to the high-protein formula received were: group A, new-generation @entity6 -specific formula; group B, standard control formula; group C, control @entity6 -specific formula. Inclusion criteria were: expected enteral nutrition >= 5 days, MV, baseline @entity413 >126 mg/dL on admission or >200 mg/dL in the first 48 h. Exclusion criteria were: APACHE II  <=10, @entity177 , treatment with @entity288 , immunosuppressants or lipid-lowering drugs and body mass index >= 40 kg/m(2). The targeted @entity413 level was 110-150 mg/dL. Glycemic variability was calculated as the standard deviation, glycemic lability index and coefficient of variation. Acquired @entity281 were recorded using published consensus criteria for @entity3124 @entity1 . Data analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period, 157 @entity1 were consecutively enrolled (A 52, B 53 and C 52). Compared with the standard control formula, the new formula gave rise to lower insulin requirement (19.1        13.1 vs. 23.7        40.1 IU/day, p <0.05), plasma @entity413 (138.6        39.1 vs. 146.1        49.9 mg/dL, p <0.01) and capillary blood @entity413 (146.1        45.8 vs. 155.3        63.6 mg/dL, p <0.001). Compared with the control @entity6 -specific formula, only capillary @entity413 levels were significantly reduced (146.1        45.8 vs. 150.1        41.9, p <0.01). Both specific formulas reduced capillary @entity413 on ICU day 1 (p <0.01), @entity413 variability in the first week (p <0.05), and incidences of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (p <0.01) or @entity55 (p <0.05) compared with the standard formula. No effects of the nutrition formula were produced on hospital stay or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In these high-risk ICU @entity1 , both @entity6 lowered insulin requirements, improved glycemic control and reduced the risk of acquired @entity281 relative to the standard formula. Compared with the control-specific formula, the new-generation formula also improved capillary glycemia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT1233726 .

title: @entity6 -specific enteral nutrition formula in XXXX , mechanically ventilated, @entity3124 @entity1 : a prospective, open-label, blind-randomized, multicenter study.

answer: @entity1602 :: (MESH:D006944,Disease) :: ['hyperglycemic']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although standard enteral nutrition is universally accepted, the use of disease-specific formulas for @entity1602 @entity1 is still controversial. This study examines whether a high-protein @entity6 -specific formula reduces insulin needs, improves glycemic control and reduces ICU-acquired @entity281 in @entity3124 , @entity1602 @entity1 on mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label, randomized (web-based, blinded) study conducted at nine Spanish ICUs. The @entity1 groups established according to the high-protein formula received were: group A, new-generation @entity6 -specific formula; group B, standard control formula; group C, control @entity6 -specific formula. Inclusion criteria were: expected enteral nutrition >= 5 days, MV, baseline @entity413 >126 mg/dL on admission or >200 mg/dL in the first 48 h. Exclusion criteria were: APACHE II  <=10, @entity177 , treatment with @entity288 , immunosuppressants or lipid-lowering drugs and body mass index >= 40 kg/m(2). The targeted @entity413 level was 110-150 mg/dL. Glycemic variability was calculated as the standard deviation, glycemic lability index and coefficient of variation. Acquired @entity281 were recorded using published consensus criteria for @entity3124 @entity1 . Data analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period, 157 @entity1 were consecutively enrolled (A 52, B 53 and C 52). Compared with the standard control formula, the new formula gave rise to lower insulin requirement (19.1        13.1 vs. 23.7        40.1 IU/day, p <0.05), plasma @entity413 (138.6        39.1 vs. 146.1        49.9 mg/dL, p <0.01) and capillary blood @entity413 (146.1        45.8 vs. 155.3        63.6 mg/dL, p <0.001). Compared with the control @entity6 -specific formula, only capillary @entity413 levels were significantly reduced (146.1        45.8 vs. 150.1        41.9, p <0.01). Both specific formulas reduced capillary @entity413 on ICU day 1 (p <0.01), @entity413 variability in the first week (p <0.05), and incidences of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (p <0.01) or @entity55 (p <0.05) compared with the standard formula. No effects of the nutrition formula were produced on hospital stay or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In these high-risk ICU @entity1 , both @entity6 lowered insulin requirements, improved glycemic control and reduced the risk of acquired @entity281 relative to the standard formula. Compared with the control-specific formula, the new-generation formula also improved capillary glycemia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT1233726 .

title: XXXX -specific enteral nutrition formula in @entity1602 , mechanically ventilated, @entity3124 @entity1 : a prospective, open-label, blind-randomized, multicenter study.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although standard enteral nutrition is universally accepted, the use of disease-specific formulas for @entity1602 @entity1 is still controversial. This study examines whether a high-protein @entity6 -specific formula reduces insulin needs, improves glycemic control and reduces ICU-acquired @entity281 in @entity3124 , @entity1602 @entity1 on mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label, randomized (web-based, blinded) study conducted at nine Spanish ICUs. The @entity1 groups established according to the high-protein formula received were: group A, new-generation @entity6 -specific formula; group B, standard control formula; group C, control @entity6 -specific formula. Inclusion criteria were: expected enteral nutrition >= 5 days, MV, baseline @entity413 >126 mg/dL on admission or >200 mg/dL in the first 48 h. Exclusion criteria were: APACHE II  <=10, @entity177 , treatment with @entity288 , immunosuppressants or lipid-lowering drugs and body mass index >= 40 kg/m(2). The targeted @entity413 level was 110-150 mg/dL. Glycemic variability was calculated as the standard deviation, glycemic lability index and coefficient of variation. Acquired @entity281 were recorded using published consensus criteria for @entity3124 @entity1 . Data analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period, 157 @entity1 were consecutively enrolled (A 52, B 53 and C 52). Compared with the standard control formula, the new formula gave rise to lower insulin requirement (19.1        13.1 vs. 23.7        40.1 IU/day, p <0.05), plasma @entity413 (138.6        39.1 vs. 146.1        49.9 mg/dL, p <0.01) and capillary blood @entity413 (146.1        45.8 vs. 155.3        63.6 mg/dL, p <0.001). Compared with the control @entity6 -specific formula, only capillary @entity413 levels were significantly reduced (146.1        45.8 vs. 150.1        41.9, p <0.01). Both specific formulas reduced capillary @entity413 on ICU day 1 (p <0.01), @entity413 variability in the first week (p <0.05), and incidences of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (p <0.01) or @entity55 (p <0.05) compared with the standard formula. No effects of the nutrition formula were produced on hospital stay or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In these high-risk ICU @entity1 , both @entity6 lowered insulin requirements, improved glycemic control and reduced the risk of acquired @entity281 relative to the standard formula. Compared with the control-specific formula, the new-generation formula also improved capillary glycemia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT1233726 .

title: @entity6 -specific enteral nutrition formula in @entity1602 , mechanically ventilated, @entity3124 XXXX : a prospective, open-label, blind-randomized, multicenter study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to be effective for @entity712 . However, as outlined in the AHA/ACC/ @entity9719 Appropriate Use Criteria, CRT is not strongly recommended for @entity1 with a narrow QRS complex. We describe a case of @entity384 and narrow QRS complex in which we obtained a dramatic response to CRT by optimizing the atrioventricular (AV) delay. The @entity1 was a 61-year-old @entity1 with intractable @entity712 . Echocardiography showed a low ejection fraction of 22% but no dyssynchrony. Because he had been hospitalized many times for @entity712 despite b-blocker and diuretic treatment, we decided to use CRT. However, after implantation of the CRT device, the QRS complex widened abnormally, and his symptoms worsened. He was re-admitted 2 months after CRT implantation. We examined the pacemaker status and optimized the AV delay to obtain a "narrow" QRS complex. The @entity1 's condition improved dramatically after the AV delay optimization. His clinical status has been good, and there has been no subsequent hospitalization. Our case points to the effectiveness of CRT in @entity1 with a narrow QRS complex and to the importance of AV optimization for successful CRT.

title: Dramatic Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy With AV Delay Optimization in Narrow QRS XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of small-sized (2 cm or less) @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) has increased with the development of computed tomography (CT), whereas unexpected extensive multiple-level mediastinal involvement has been occasionally detected in this small-sized @entity2 . To establish the optimal surgical strategy, we retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic features, efficacy of preoperative investigations and lobe specific patterns of nodal spread in small-sized @entity1149 with mediastinal involvement. METHODS: Among 1,550 resected @entity2 cases between 1981 and 2000, 267 (17.2%) had peripheral small-sized @entity1149 . Of these, 29 @entity1 (10.8%) with mediastinal lymph node involvement who underwent pulmonary resection and systematic nodal dissection were reviewed. RESULTS: Among 29 @entity1 , 27 @entity1 (93.1%) were @entity420 , and 51.7% (15/29) showed no lymph node enlargement on CT (cN0). Surgical pathology revealed multiple-level mediastinal involvement in 65.5% (19/29) of all @entity1 and 60.0% (9/15) of cN0 @entity1 . All of @entity1313 (n=11) showed multiple-level involvement. Thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography (201Tl-SPECT) was positive for increased focal uptake in the mediastinum in 72.7% (8/11) of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The vast majority of cases were @entity420 , and two thirds of them showed multiple-level mediastinal involvement, even in cN0 @entity1 . We thus recommend to perform systematic nodal dissection or meticulous sampling for accurate intrathoracic @entity5 , especially for @entity1313 . 201Tl-SPECT appears to be more sensitive preoperative investigation for mediastinal @entity3 compared with CT scan.

title: Peripheral small-sized (2 cm or less) XXXX with mediastinal lymph node @entity3 ; clinicopathologic features and patterns of nodal spread.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['right upper lobe tumor', 'right upper lobe tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['staging']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of small-sized (2 cm or less) @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) has increased with the development of computed tomography (CT), whereas unexpected extensive multiple-level mediastinal involvement has been occasionally detected in this small-sized @entity2 . To establish the optimal surgical strategy, we retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic features, efficacy of preoperative investigations and lobe specific patterns of nodal spread in small-sized @entity1149 with mediastinal involvement. METHODS: Among 1,550 resected @entity2 cases between 1981 and 2000, 267 (17.2%) had peripheral small-sized @entity1149 . Of these, 29 @entity1 (10.8%) with mediastinal lymph node involvement who underwent pulmonary resection and systematic nodal dissection were reviewed. RESULTS: Among 29 @entity1 , 27 @entity1 (93.1%) were @entity420 , and 51.7% (15/29) showed no lymph node enlargement on CT (cN0). Surgical pathology revealed multiple-level mediastinal involvement in 65.5% (19/29) of all @entity1 and 60.0% (9/15) of cN0 @entity1 . All of @entity1313 (n=11) showed multiple-level involvement. Thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography (201Tl-SPECT) was positive for increased focal uptake in the mediastinum in 72.7% (8/11) of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The vast majority of cases were @entity420 , and two thirds of them showed multiple-level mediastinal involvement, even in cN0 @entity1 . We thus recommend to perform systematic nodal dissection or meticulous sampling for accurate intrathoracic @entity5 , especially for @entity1313 . 201Tl-SPECT appears to be more sensitive preoperative investigation for mediastinal @entity3 compared with CT scan.

title: Peripheral small-sized (2 cm or less) @entity1149 with mediastinal lymph node XXXX ; clinicopathologic features and patterns of nodal spread.

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: Invasive monitoring of @entity428 ( @entity428 ) is becoming the standard of care for management of acute neurologic and neurosurgical @entity1 . As a result of improved fiber-optic technology, a new disposable 4 French @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) has been introduced for facilitating measurement of @entity428 . Placement of the @entity1781 can be intraventricular, subarachnoid, subdural, or intraparenchymal. Sensitivity and linearity of each catheter are manufacturer calibrated and not adjustable. Zero or atmospheric balance is done only once before insertion. Because the transducer is the catheter tip, no leveling to an anatomic point is necessary. The system appears to eliminate some of the difficulties inherent in fluid-filled catheter monitoring. In clinical trials, the comparison of @entity1781 with subdural and ventriculostomy waveforms and pressures showed essentially no difference. Pressure recordings tracked well except during transient periods of @entity428 , when @entity1781 showed higher peak pressures. Use of the @entity1781 requires education regarding placement and maintenance techniques. Although staff experience with the catheter can practically eliminate the problem, the @entity1781 catheters need special handling because of potential for fiber breakage.

title: Use of fiber-optic pressure transducer for XXXX measurements: a preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['fiber-optic transducer-tipped catheter', 'FTC']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial pressure', 'increased ICP']

answer: @entity428 :: (MESH:D019586,Disease) :: ['intracranial pressure']


abstract: In elderly @entity1 an unilateral @entity1274 is frequently associated with a relatively more patent eustachian tube on the involved side. A simple method of investigation is observation under the operating microscope during tubal inflation by the @entity1 . In right-handed @entity1 the abnormally patent tube most often lay on the left side. Powerful self inflation in these @entity1 induces acute @entity393 and vertigo. Acute @entity393 is commoner on the left side. The air bone gap is greater at higher frequencies due to mobility of the stapes, loosening of the incudal joints and the tympanic membrane. In contrast the air bone gap is greater at lower frequencies in @entity8719 or malleus head @entity3947 . Minor degrees improve after self inflation is prohibited. In most @entity1 with abnormally patent eustachian tubes further therapy is not necessary after the @entity1 has received precise advice. In only about 20% of the cases is the @entity1 disturbed by a feeling of fullness in the ear, autophony and @entity392 . After stabilisation of weight and blood pressure, a septoplasty with correction of the posterior turbinates may reduce the exspiratory resistance. The most drastic treatment is a collagen injection around the tube. @entity1 with @entity308 should be treated appropriately.

title: [Unilateral patulous eustachian tube with XXXX , inner ear damage, vertigo and sudden deafness--collagen injection].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity8719 :: ('MESH:D010040', 'Disease') :: ['otosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity3947 :: ('MESH:D000844', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosis']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity392 :: (MESH:D014012,Disease) :: ['tinnitus']


abstract: Neurophysiological studies of major @entity308 performed using PET imaging have shown abnormalities of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and @entity413 metabolism in multiple prefrontal cortical and limbic structures that have been more generally implicated in emotional processing. The current study investigated the effects of antidepressant drug treatment in these regions using PET measures of @entity413 metabolism. Subjects with primary @entity4696 (n=27) were imaged while unmedicated and @entity308 , and, of these, 20 were rescanned following chronic antidepressant drug treatment. Regional metabolism was compared between unmedicated @entity308 and controls and between the pre- and post-treatment conditions in regions-of-interest (ROI) where metabolism or flow had previously been shown to be abnormal in unmedicated @entity308 . At baseline, the mean metabolism was increased in the left and right lateral orbital cortex/ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), left amygdala, and posterior cingulate cortex, and decreased in the subgenual ACC and dorsal medial/dorsal anterolateral PFC in the unmedicated @entity308 relative to controls, consistent with the results of previous studies. Following treatment, metabolism significantly decreased in the left amygdala and left subgenual ACC, and corresponding changes in the orbital and posterior cingulate cortices approached significance. The metabolic reduction in the amygdala and right subgenual ACC appeared largely limited to those subjects who both responded to treatment and remained well at 6 months follow-up, in whom the reduction in amygdala metabolism tightly correlated with the reduction in @entity3831 scores. The magnitude of the treatment-associated, metabolic change in the amygdala also correlated positively with the change in the stressed plasma @entity701 levels measured during scanning. These data converge with those from other PET studies to indicate that primary @entity4696 is associated with abnormal metabolism in limbic and paralimbic structures of the mesiotemporal and prefrontal cortices. Chronic antidepressant drug treatment reduces metabolism in the amygdala and ventral ACC in subjects showing a persistent, positive treatment response. In contrast, the persistence of the abnormal metabolic deficits in the dorsomedial/dorsal anterolateral PFC in @entity4696 during treatment may conceivably relate to the histopathological changes reported in these regions in post mortem studies of @entity4696 .

title: Functional anatomical correlates of antidepressant drug treatment assessed using PET measures of regional XXXX metabolism.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressives', 'depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: We report a case of rabies acquired in Zambia by a 45-year-old @entity1 who presented with a history of an @entity683 , @entity854 and signs of @entity2401 . A provisional @entity23798 was made. Within 12 h of admission the @entity1 developed features of rabies that included @entity12539 . She was artificially paralysed and ventilated electively. Empirical antibiotic therapy was given also. Signs of @entity2401 and @entity221 disappeared within 48 h. Her clinical condition remained stable but she required heavy sedation. On the ninth day after admission the @entity1 developed features of inappropriate secretion of @entity3488 and gradually became water-logged. Intake of fluid was therefore restricted. Her level of consciousness deteriorated progressively to the point where sedation was no longer required. @entity1620 was diagnosed 14 days after admission.

title: Rabies presenting with XXXX and encephalitis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza-like illness']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal behaviour']

entities_list: @entity23798 :: ('MESH:D020805', 'Disease') :: ['diagnosis of systemic viral infection']

entities_list: @entity12539 :: ('MESH:D011818', 'Disease') :: ['hydrophobia']

entities_list: @entity1620 :: ('MESH:D001926', 'Disease') :: ['Brain death']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis']

entities_list: @entity3488 :: ('551', 'Gene') :: ['antidiuretic hormone']

answer: @entity2401 :: (MESH:D009205,Disease) :: ['myocarditis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity30217 is a rare @entity74 characterized clinically by haematuria, @entity177 and @entity2319 , and ultrastructurally by a lamellated @entity631 ( @entity631 ). It is usually caused by mutations in the @entity71044 or @entity71045 genes which code for the alpha3 and alpha4 chains of type IV collagen. We describe here a novel spontaneous model of @entity30217 in Dalmatian @entity235 . METHODS: Affected @entity235 were identified by a urinary protein @entity1011 >/=0.3. A total of 10 affected adult Dalmatians and eight unaffected age- and sex-matched @entity235 from breeds other than Dalmatians were examined. In addition, kidneys from five Dalmatian fetuses from affected mothers were examined histologically and ultrastructurally. RESULTS: All affected @entity235 were purebred Dalmatians and had a common progenitor. Successive generations were affected, and males and females were affected equally often and equally severely, consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance. The median age at onset of @entity177 was 18 months (range 8 months to 7 years). Affected @entity235 were not clinically deaf, and did not have the @entity735 seen in @entity1 X-linked or @entity32747 . In addition, they did not have the leucocyte inclusions, low platelet counts or large platelets seen in autosomal dominant @entity3686 due to @entity71046 mutations. The renal histology and ultrastructural appearance of the @entity631 appeared to be normal in utero. However, affected adult kidneys demonstrated @entity8 and @entity1463 with tubulo-interstitial @entity32 and @entity82 , and on ultrastructural examination the @entity631 was lamellated with subepithelial frilling, vacuolation and occasional intramembranous deposits. All alpha1(IV)-alpha5(IV) type IV collagen chains were present in the affected @entity631 and Bowman's capsule. CONCLUSIONS: @entity30217 in Dalmatians resembles the disease in Bull terriers but has arisen independently. These models will enable us to determine how genetic mutations affect the corresponding proteins and overall membrane structure in @entity30217 .

title: A novel model of XXXX in Dalmatian @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['segmental glomerular hyalinosis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity32747 :: ('MESH:C536587', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive Alport syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3686 :: ('MESH:D009394', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary nephritis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ocular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['inherited disease']

entities_list: @entity30217 :: ('MESH:C536586', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant Alport syndrome', 'Autosomal dominant Alport syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular basement membrane', 'GBM']

answer: @entity30217 :: (MESH:C536586,Disease) :: ['autosomal dominant Alport syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity30217 is a rare @entity74 characterized clinically by haematuria, @entity177 and @entity2319 , and ultrastructurally by a lamellated @entity631 ( @entity631 ). It is usually caused by mutations in the @entity71044 or @entity71045 genes which code for the alpha3 and alpha4 chains of type IV collagen. We describe here a novel spontaneous model of @entity30217 in Dalmatian @entity235 . METHODS: Affected @entity235 were identified by a urinary protein @entity1011 >/=0.3. A total of 10 affected adult Dalmatians and eight unaffected age- and sex-matched @entity235 from breeds other than Dalmatians were examined. In addition, kidneys from five Dalmatian fetuses from affected mothers were examined histologically and ultrastructurally. RESULTS: All affected @entity235 were purebred Dalmatians and had a common progenitor. Successive generations were affected, and males and females were affected equally often and equally severely, consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance. The median age at onset of @entity177 was 18 months (range 8 months to 7 years). Affected @entity235 were not clinically deaf, and did not have the @entity735 seen in @entity1 X-linked or @entity32747 . In addition, they did not have the leucocyte inclusions, low platelet counts or large platelets seen in autosomal dominant @entity3686 due to @entity71046 mutations. The renal histology and ultrastructural appearance of the @entity631 appeared to be normal in utero. However, affected adult kidneys demonstrated @entity8 and @entity1463 with tubulo-interstitial @entity32 and @entity82 , and on ultrastructural examination the @entity631 was lamellated with subepithelial frilling, vacuolation and occasional intramembranous deposits. All alpha1(IV)-alpha5(IV) type IV collagen chains were present in the affected @entity631 and Bowman's capsule. CONCLUSIONS: @entity30217 in Dalmatians resembles the disease in Bull terriers but has arisen independently. These models will enable us to determine how genetic mutations affect the corresponding proteins and overall membrane structure in @entity30217 .

title: A novel model of @entity30217 in Dalmatian XXXX .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: In the course of a @entity66 (Malaysia comprises the Malaysian Peninsula, Sabah and Sarawak) during the period 1981-1986, more than 1000 isolates of Fusarium were obtained from diseased plants and seeds. Two further isolates were obtained from @entity1 admitted to hospitals in the same area. The occurrences of F. proliferatum, F. nygamai and F. longipes are new records for the Malaysian Peninsula and the association of @entity10437 and @entity4278 . redolens with @entity1 diseases does not seem to have been reported previously. Ten representative species which could be classified into seven sections of the genus were selected for studies of their toxigenicity in liquid cultures and/or on @entity579 . Crude toxin preparations from culture filtrates or extracts of the inoculated @entity579 were tested for @entity137 to brine shrimp larvae and @entity286 mesophyll protoplasts. The protoplasts were more sensitive than the brine shrimp larvae to the toxin preparations, except those from the isolates of @entity10437 and @entity4278 . redolens obtained from either @entity1 or @entity286 . The @entity137 of the preparations from @entity579 cultures per g @entity579 was always greater than the @entity137 per ml of culture filtrates from cultures grown on Czapek-Dox broth, Czapek-Dox supplemented with 1% (w/v) peptone or Czapek-Dox supplemented with 5% (w/v) tobacco extract. The activity of all toxin preparations was stable to heat. It is concluded that the occurrence of toxigenic species of Fusarium in the Malaysian Peninsula is widespread and that they may pose a serious threat to the health of @entity1 , animal and plant populations.

title: Toxigenicity of some fusaria associated with plant and @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['plant disease survey of the Malaysian Peninsula']

entities_list: @entity4278 :: ('5507', 'Species') :: ['F. oxysporum var']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['diseases in the Malaysian peninsula']


abstract: In the course of a @entity66 (Malaysia comprises the Malaysian Peninsula, Sabah and Sarawak) during the period 1981-1986, more than 1000 isolates of Fusarium were obtained from diseased plants and seeds. Two further isolates were obtained from @entity1 admitted to hospitals in the same area. The occurrences of F. proliferatum, F. nygamai and F. longipes are new records for the Malaysian Peninsula and the association of @entity10437 and @entity4278 . redolens with @entity1 diseases does not seem to have been reported previously. Ten representative species which could be classified into seven sections of the genus were selected for studies of their toxigenicity in liquid cultures and/or on @entity579 . Crude toxin preparations from culture filtrates or extracts of the inoculated @entity579 were tested for @entity137 to brine shrimp larvae and @entity286 mesophyll protoplasts. The protoplasts were more sensitive than the brine shrimp larvae to the toxin preparations, except those from the isolates of @entity10437 and @entity4278 . redolens obtained from either @entity1 or @entity286 . The @entity137 of the preparations from @entity579 cultures per g @entity579 was always greater than the @entity137 per ml of culture filtrates from cultures grown on Czapek-Dox broth, Czapek-Dox supplemented with 1% (w/v) peptone or Czapek-Dox supplemented with 5% (w/v) tobacco extract. The activity of all toxin preparations was stable to heat. It is concluded that the occurrence of toxigenic species of Fusarium in the Malaysian Peninsula is widespread and that they may pose a serious threat to the health of @entity1 , animal and plant populations.

title: Toxigenicity of some fusaria associated with plant and XXXX @entity66 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity74 ( @entity28 ) or lean (L) primiparous gilts were assigned on the day of mating to an adequate [control (C) or restricted (R)] intake of feed. Body weight and ultrasonically estimated backfat depth were recorded at wk 0 (mating), 4, 8, 12 and 16 of pregnancy, and at d 2-3, 21 and 28 of lactation. Number of @entity1707 born, survival rate to 28 d of age and piglet body weight at 0, 14, 21 and 28 d of age were recorded. Four male and four female progeny from each diet group of each @entity74 were slaughtered at 6 mo of age for carcass and organ weight measurements. OR and LR gilts responded similarly to feed restriction in body weight change, backfat depth and plasma traits. Body weight increased throughout gestation in OC and LC gilts but decreased about 6 kg in OR and LR gilts. Backfat remained relatively constant throughout gestation in OC and LC gilts but declined steadily in LR and OR gilts. There were no genetic group x diet interactions for any trait measured. Litter size and piglet survival were not affected by diet or genetic group, but piglet birth weight and daily gain to d 28 and to wk 25 were lower in both R groups. Backfat accretion and other indices of carcass @entity1386 were reduced in progeny of R dams.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Comparative response of lean or genetically XXXX @entity1707 and their progeny to severe feed restriction during gestation.

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic strain', 'Genetically obese']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: @entity74 ( @entity28 ) or lean (L) primiparous gilts were assigned on the day of mating to an adequate [control (C) or restricted (R)] intake of feed. Body weight and ultrasonically estimated backfat depth were recorded at wk 0 (mating), 4, 8, 12 and 16 of pregnancy, and at d 2-3, 21 and 28 of lactation. Number of @entity1707 born, survival rate to 28 d of age and piglet body weight at 0, 14, 21 and 28 d of age were recorded. Four male and four female progeny from each diet group of each @entity74 were slaughtered at 6 mo of age for carcass and organ weight measurements. OR and LR gilts responded similarly to feed restriction in body weight change, backfat depth and plasma traits. Body weight increased throughout gestation in OC and LC gilts but decreased about 6 kg in OR and LR gilts. Backfat remained relatively constant throughout gestation in OC and LC gilts but declined steadily in LR and OR gilts. There were no genetic group x diet interactions for any trait measured. Litter size and piglet survival were not affected by diet or genetic group, but piglet birth weight and daily gain to d 28 and to wk 25 were lower in both R groups. Backfat accretion and other indices of carcass @entity1386 were reduced in progeny of R dams.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Comparative response of lean or genetically @entity28 XXXX and their progeny to severe feed restriction during gestation.

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: @entity460 blockers may reduce contractility of vascular smooth muscle as well as that of myocardial cells. Therefore, falls in both total peripheral vascular resistance (TPR) and cardiac output (CO) might be responsible for a fall in blood pressure (BP) caused by @entity460 blockers in essential @entity101 . We have studied the acute and chronic haemodynamic effects of @entity10129 (a new @entity460 blocker) in 19 @entity1 with essential @entity101 at rest in the supine and sitting positions and during 100-W dynamic exercise to investigate whether CO might be compromised by acute and chronic @entity460 blockade. Intra-arterial pressure, CO (by @entity3194 ), @entity64 volume, heart rate and TPR were measured hourly after the first dose of 10 mg @entity10129 (acute study) and then after 1 year of @entity10129 treatment (mean dose 25 mg; chronic study). The maximal first dose response was seen after 1 h, i.e. a fall in intra-arterial pressure (9%) and TPR (19%) and a reflex rise in heart rate (9%) and CO (12%). The effects levelled off during the next 2 h. After 1 year of treatment there was a more marked reduction in BP: at rest intra-arterial pressure fell (14% supine, 16% sitting) due to fall in TPR (19%) but without significant changes in heart rate or CO; during 100-W exercise, intra-arterial pressure fell (14%) due to reduction in both TPR (7%) and CO (6%). In conclusion, @entity10129 lowers BP by reducing TPR, both acutely and chronically. The initial reflex @entity591 and rise in CO disappear during long-term treatment, probably due to resetting of the baroreceptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity10129 . Central haemodynamics at rest and during exercise in essential XXXX : acute and chronic studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3194 :: ('MESH:D007208', 'Chemical') :: ['Cardiogreen']

entities_list: @entity10129 :: ('MESH:D015737', 'Chemical') :: ['nisoldipine']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: @entity460 blockers may reduce contractility of vascular smooth muscle as well as that of myocardial cells. Therefore, falls in both total peripheral vascular resistance (TPR) and cardiac output (CO) might be responsible for a fall in blood pressure (BP) caused by @entity460 blockers in essential @entity101 . We have studied the acute and chronic haemodynamic effects of @entity10129 (a new @entity460 blocker) in 19 @entity1 with essential @entity101 at rest in the supine and sitting positions and during 100-W dynamic exercise to investigate whether CO might be compromised by acute and chronic @entity460 blockade. Intra-arterial pressure, CO (by @entity3194 ), @entity64 volume, heart rate and TPR were measured hourly after the first dose of 10 mg @entity10129 (acute study) and then after 1 year of @entity10129 treatment (mean dose 25 mg; chronic study). The maximal first dose response was seen after 1 h, i.e. a fall in intra-arterial pressure (9%) and TPR (19%) and a reflex rise in heart rate (9%) and CO (12%). The effects levelled off during the next 2 h. After 1 year of treatment there was a more marked reduction in BP: at rest intra-arterial pressure fell (14% supine, 16% sitting) due to fall in TPR (19%) but without significant changes in heart rate or CO; during 100-W exercise, intra-arterial pressure fell (14%) due to reduction in both TPR (7%) and CO (6%). In conclusion, @entity10129 lowers BP by reducing TPR, both acutely and chronically. The initial reflex @entity591 and rise in CO disappear during long-term treatment, probably due to resetting of the baroreceptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX . Central haemodynamics at rest and during exercise in essential @entity101 : acute and chronic studies.

answer: @entity10129 :: (MESH:D015737,Chemical) :: ['Nisoldipine']


abstract: We report our experience using Sarmiento's method for the conservative treatment of 91 consecutive @entity174 of the lower leg. The mean age of the @entity1 in our series was 34 years. One @entity1 had an open @entity174 . All of the @entity1 were followed and were evaluated clinically and radiographically 6 to 12 months after injury. After a period of immobilization by traditional methods (traction/long leg cast), the Sarmiento brace was applied at a mean of 42 days, allowing early weightbearing and mobilization. The brace was removed at a mean of 90 days. Clinical results were excellent; there was minimal persistence of knee or ankle limitation; 84% of the @entity1 had less than 5 mm of final @entity3207 ; 96% had less than 4 degrees of final angulation. Work was resumed at a mean of 103 days. We had one nonunion, which we treated operatively 6 months after injury by osteosynthesis and autologous bone grafting. All of the @entity1 were asked to complete a questionnaire; 51% responded, with an average followup of 5 years (range, 1 to 10 years). These @entity1 had been able to resume sports activity 8 months after injury; 52% were skiing 1 year after injury, and 96% were satisfied with the treatment method used. One @entity1 complained of persistent @entity158 .

title: Skiers' lower leg shaft XXXX . Outcome in 91 cases treated conservatively with Sarmiento's brace.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity1744 ( @entity1744 ) is regarded as a @entity29 . Few studies have looked for histopathologic changes in the gut and only then in biopsy specimens from intestinal mucosa. Because bowel function is governed mainly by nerve plexuses in the bowel wall, we have investigated full-thickness bowel biopsy specimens in @entity1 with severe @entity1744 . METHODS: We used a laparoscopy-assisted technique to obtain full-thickness biopsy specimens from the proximal jejunum. Tissue specimens were investigated with light microscopy using routine stainings and immunohistochemical techniques. Horizontal sectioning was done to visualize large areas of the myenteric plexus. Fifteen autopsy specimens were used as controls regarding the myenteric plexus. @entity2513 controls with terminal ileum biopsy specimens and full-thickness jejunal biopsy specimens from @entity1 with @entity179 were used as control groups for intraepithelial lymphocyte counts. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 (2 males, 8 females) were studied. In 9 @entity1 , we found low-grade infiltration of lymphocytes in the myenteric plexus. Lymphocytes had peri- and intraganglionic location. The mean number of lymphocytes per ganglion ranged from 1.9 to 7.1 per @entity1 , with an overall mean of 3.4. No intraganglionic lymphocytes were found in the control group and only a few periganglionic lymphocytes (mean, 0.2). Four @entity1 had concomitant intraepithelial lymphocytosis. @entity528 was evident in 6 of 9 @entity1 with and 1 @entity1 without ganglionic lymphocyte infiltration. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that @entity32 and @entity528 in the myenteric plexus are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1744 .

title: Full-thickness biopsy of the jejunum reveals @entity32 and enteric neuropathy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['functional bowel disorder']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative enteric neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal adenoma']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['Irritable bowel syndrome', 'IBS']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['Neuron degeneration', 'neuronal degeneration']

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['irritable bowel syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity1744 ( @entity1744 ) is regarded as a @entity29 . Few studies have looked for histopathologic changes in the gut and only then in biopsy specimens from intestinal mucosa. Because bowel function is governed mainly by nerve plexuses in the bowel wall, we have investigated full-thickness bowel biopsy specimens in @entity1 with severe @entity1744 . METHODS: We used a laparoscopy-assisted technique to obtain full-thickness biopsy specimens from the proximal jejunum. Tissue specimens were investigated with light microscopy using routine stainings and immunohistochemical techniques. Horizontal sectioning was done to visualize large areas of the myenteric plexus. Fifteen autopsy specimens were used as controls regarding the myenteric plexus. @entity2513 controls with terminal ileum biopsy specimens and full-thickness jejunal biopsy specimens from @entity1 with @entity179 were used as control groups for intraepithelial lymphocyte counts. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 (2 males, 8 females) were studied. In 9 @entity1 , we found low-grade infiltration of lymphocytes in the myenteric plexus. Lymphocytes had peri- and intraganglionic location. The mean number of lymphocytes per ganglion ranged from 1.9 to 7.1 per @entity1 , with an overall mean of 3.4. No intraganglionic lymphocytes were found in the control group and only a few periganglionic lymphocytes (mean, 0.2). Four @entity1 had concomitant intraepithelial lymphocytosis. @entity528 was evident in 6 of 9 @entity1 with and 1 @entity1 without ganglionic lymphocyte infiltration. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that @entity32 and @entity528 in the myenteric plexus are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1744 .

title: Full-thickness biopsy of the jejunum reveals XXXX and enteric neuropathy in @entity1744 .

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: The association of @entity991 and @entity1593 was observed in three @entity1 , an association not previously reported. All three @entity1 were @entity1 who presented with chronic @entity409 at ages 32, 46, and 62 years, respectively. In each @entity1 , endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed the typical findings of @entity991 . Histologic features of liver biopsy were compatible with the diagnosis. Two @entity1 had associated chronic @entity31 . All three @entity1 complained of frequent loose stools and @entity353 ; subsequent testing showed severe @entity6123 (204 to 323 mmol/d of fecal fat on a 100 g fat diet). @entity194 was found in all three @entity1 on histologic examination of the small bowel. @entity1593 was diagnosed at the time of presentation in two @entity1 who had @entity991 and was diagnosed three years after the onset of @entity991 in the third @entity1 . The @entity1593 responded to a gluten-free diet in each @entity1 whereas the @entity991 was not affected by dietary treatment. The possibility of a chance association of @entity991 and @entity1593 cannot be accurately assessed but seems unlikely given the rarity of both diseases. The relationship between the two diseases remains unknown, although an immunologic connection is suspected. @entity1593 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of severe @entity6123 in @entity1 with @entity991 .

title: XXXX and @entity1593 . A novel association.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease', 'Celiac disease']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6123 :: ('MESH:D045602', 'Disease') :: ['steatorrhea']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['cholestatic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity991 :: ('MESH:D015209', 'Disease') :: ['primary sclerosing cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['Total villous atrophy']

answer: @entity991 :: (MESH:D015209,Disease) :: ['Primary sclerosing cholangitis']


abstract: The association of @entity991 and @entity1593 was observed in three @entity1 , an association not previously reported. All three @entity1 were @entity1 who presented with chronic @entity409 at ages 32, 46, and 62 years, respectively. In each @entity1 , endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed the typical findings of @entity991 . Histologic features of liver biopsy were compatible with the diagnosis. Two @entity1 had associated chronic @entity31 . All three @entity1 complained of frequent loose stools and @entity353 ; subsequent testing showed severe @entity6123 (204 to 323 mmol/d of fecal fat on a 100 g fat diet). @entity194 was found in all three @entity1 on histologic examination of the small bowel. @entity1593 was diagnosed at the time of presentation in two @entity1 who had @entity991 and was diagnosed three years after the onset of @entity991 in the third @entity1 . The @entity1593 responded to a gluten-free diet in each @entity1 whereas the @entity991 was not affected by dietary treatment. The possibility of a chance association of @entity991 and @entity1593 cannot be accurately assessed but seems unlikely given the rarity of both diseases. The relationship between the two diseases remains unknown, although an immunologic connection is suspected. @entity1593 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of severe @entity6123 in @entity1 with @entity991 .

title: @entity991 and XXXX . A novel association.

answer: @entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['celiac disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence, clinical presentation and pathological prognostic factors affecting disease outcome of @entity1358 in young adults less than 40 years old. METHODS: The charts o medical records of 400 @entity1 treated surgically for @entity1358 between January 1984 and December 1999 were reviewed. 29 (7.25%) @entity1 were under 40. We used ANOVA regression and Chisquare (Fisher exact test) to assess the prognostic value of the quantitative and qualitative variables, respectively. Estimation of the survival distributions were calculated according to Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Log rank test. Multivariate analysis of the entire population utilizing Cox models was performed. RESULTS: The most common histological cell type was @entity1358 , found in 20 (69%) @entity1 . At a median follow-up of 80 months, 20 (69%) @entity1 were disease free and 9 (31%) died of the disease. Incidental discovery (p = 0.05), @entity5 stage (p = 0.043), grade (p = 0.011), lymphatic invasion (p < 0.0001) @entity3 (p = 0.003), adrenal invasion (p = 0.024), and @entity8 (p < 0.0001) were associated with prognosis (Kaplan-Meier). When comparing @entity1 less than 40 years vs. older than 40 years, we found significant differences in histology type ( @entity1358 69% vs. 91%; p = 0.0001), and @entity5 stage at presentation (pT2 = 34.5% vs. 17.3%; p = 0.04) ( @entity1803 = 20.7% vs. 42%; p = 0.03). Disease free survival was not significantly different between the two groups (69% vs. 65.7%; Log rank test p = 0.4). CONCLUSION: Although rare, @entity1358 in young adults seems to follow a course similar to the disease seen in older @entity1 . Among the prognostic factors studied incidental discovery, pathological stage of the @entity5 and grade, were associated with survival. Stage at presentation was different between the two populations however survival was not affected by age.

title: XXXX in young adults: incidence, disease outcome and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal vein invasion']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cautious exploration of the safety of home treatment of @entity1150 has been recommended by many. Our goal was to identify categories of @entity1 with @entity1150 who typically are hospitalized, and categories frequently treated at home. METHODS: The Nationwide Emergency Department Sample and the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2007-2012, were used to determine the number of @entity1 seen in emergency departments throughout the US with @entity1150 and no diagnosis of @entity1151 , the proportion of such @entity1 hospitalized according to comorbid conditions and age, the proportion discharged early ( <=2 days), and charges for hospitalization and emergency department visits. RESULTS: From 2007-2012, home treatment was selected for 905,152 of 2,671,452 (33.9%) @entity1 with @entity1150 . Home treatment was more frequent in those with no comorbid conditions than with comorbid conditions, 58.0% compared with 15.5% (P <.0001). Early discharge ( <=2 days) was in 23.9% with no comorbid conditions, compared with 12.8% with comorbid conditions. Among @entity1 aged 18-50 years, home treatment was selected in 62.9% with no comorbid conditions, compared with 24.2% with comorbid conditions (P <.0001). Among hospitalized @entity1 with no comorbid conditions, 40.7% were aged 18-50 years. Their charges for hospitalization in 2012 were  494 million. CONCLUSION: @entity1 aged 50 years or younger with @entity1150 and no comorbid conditions appear to be a group that can be targeted for more frequent home treatment, which would save millions of dollars.

title: Home Treatment of XXXX According to Comorbid Conditions.

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['Deep Venous Thrombosis']


abstract: Intracerebral @entity730 , especially in the basal ganglia, are observed in many kinds of diseases. A 41-year-old @entity1 is reported, who suffered from an acute epidural @entity1410 and underwent surgery to remove the @entity1410 . We detected very extensive intracerebral calcification on CT. Laboratory findings revealed @entity3747 and @entity2265 . General physical examination revealed characteristics typical of @entity9474 . The @entity1 was diagnosed as having @entity9474 type I by the Ellsworth-Howard test. Since the advent of CT, the incidence of @entity15206 has increased. CT is 5 to 15 times more sensitive than skull radiography in the detection of intracerebral calcification. Although many pathological states can cause @entity15206 , most of the @entity730 which are recognized on CT scans are physiological. But in cases in which @entity15206 are recognized also on plain radiographs, various kinds of symptoms including ones of basal ganglia origin are often recognized, and @entity730 often extend to regions other than basal ganglia, eg. cerebellum, thalamus, etc. @entity9474 is a @entity395 which presents @entity3747 , some characteristic physical appearances, and @entity303 . It is important to decide whether further examinations are necessary or not, when @entity15206 is recognized incidentally on CT scan.

title: [A case of XXXX with intracerebral calcification].

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity9474 :: ('MESH:D011547', 'Disease') :: ['pseudohypoparathyroidism', 'Pseudohypoparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcifications']

entities_list: @entity2265 :: ('MESH:D054559', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphosphatemia']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

entities_list: @entity15206 :: ('MESH:C535607', 'Disease') :: ['basal ganglia calcifications', 'basal ganglia calcification']

answer: @entity9474 :: (MESH:D011547,Disease) :: ['pseudohypoparathyroidism']


abstract: A 53-year-old female with @entity1897 associated with bilateral @entity5149 was reported. She was admitted because of numbness in the bilateral feet and gait disturbance. Her parents were not related. There was no family history of any @entity16 . She had bilateral @entity5149 which were present at birth to developed in early childhood. She could walk, but could not run. Since 5 years prior to the admission she noted gradually increasing disturbance of gait. Neurological examination revealed @entity425 and @entity5653 in the distal parts of the lower extremities and @entity427 . There were @entity1183 , hypalgesia and @entity809 in the lateral portions of the bilateral feet. Deep sensation was normal. There was no weakness or @entity5653 in the upper extremities. Motor nerve conduction velocities were normal and sensory nerve conduction velocities were reduced in the median nerve. No action potentials could not be elicited in the bilateral tibial and peroneal nerves. A sural nerve biopsy showed a markedly hypertrophic perineurium, 28-150 micron thick, a large Renaut body measured 140 micron by 200 micron in diameters and a markedly reduced number of the myelinated fibers. Fiber size histogram showed many unmyelinated fibers larger than 1 micron, despite loss of fibers of the usual size. Therefore, a part of the unmyelinated fibers might be demyelinated. There were no axonal degeneration and onion-bulb formation. @entity17 was found in approximately 30% of the myelinated fibers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ @entity1897 associated with congenital bilateral XXXX : histological and ultrastructural study of the sural nerve].

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['Segmental demyelination']

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['hypesthesia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological diseases']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['dysesthesia']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscular weakness']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['sensori-motor neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['decreased deep tendon reflexes']

answer: @entity5149 :: (MESH:D003025,Disease) :: ['club feet']


abstract: A 53-year-old female with @entity1897 associated with bilateral @entity5149 was reported. She was admitted because of numbness in the bilateral feet and gait disturbance. Her parents were not related. There was no family history of any @entity16 . She had bilateral @entity5149 which were present at birth to developed in early childhood. She could walk, but could not run. Since 5 years prior to the admission she noted gradually increasing disturbance of gait. Neurological examination revealed @entity425 and @entity5653 in the distal parts of the lower extremities and @entity427 . There were @entity1183 , hypalgesia and @entity809 in the lateral portions of the bilateral feet. Deep sensation was normal. There was no weakness or @entity5653 in the upper extremities. Motor nerve conduction velocities were normal and sensory nerve conduction velocities were reduced in the median nerve. No action potentials could not be elicited in the bilateral tibial and peroneal nerves. A sural nerve biopsy showed a markedly hypertrophic perineurium, 28-150 micron thick, a large Renaut body measured 140 micron by 200 micron in diameters and a markedly reduced number of the myelinated fibers. Fiber size histogram showed many unmyelinated fibers larger than 1 micron, despite loss of fibers of the usual size. Therefore, a part of the unmyelinated fibers might be demyelinated. There were no axonal degeneration and onion-bulb formation. @entity17 was found in approximately 30% of the myelinated fibers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX associated with congenital bilateral @entity5149 : histological and ultrastructural study of the sural nerve].

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['Sensori-motor neuropathy']


abstract: @entity4538 ) is a leading cause of @entity281 that can result in serious disabilities in affected @entity1 . To facilitate HCMV vaccine development, a microscale neutralization assay based on reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was developed to quantify HCMV-neutralizing antibodies. Our approach relies on the generation of crude lysates from virus-infected cells that are amenable to direct analysis by RT-qPCR, thereby circumventing rate-limiting procedures associated with sample RNA extraction and purification. By serial passaging of the laboratory HCMV strain AD169 in epithelial cells (ARPE-19), a revertant virus with restored epithelial cell tropism, designated AD169(wt131), was obtained. AD169 and AD169(wt131) were evaluated in both epithelial cells (ARPE-19) and fibroblasts (MRC-5) by one-step RT-qPCR targeting the immediate-early gene IE1 transcript of HCMV. Expression kinetics indicated that RT-qPCR assessment could be conducted as early as 6h post-infection. Human serum samples (n=30) from healthy donors were tested for HCMV-specific IgG using a commercially available ELISA and for HCMV-neutralizing activity using our RT-qPCR-based neutralization assay. In agreement with the ELISA results, higher neutralizing activity was observed in the HCMV IgG seropositive group when compared with the HCMV IgG seronegative group. In addition, HCMV IgG seropositive @entity1 sera exhibited higher neutralizing titers using epithelial cells compared with using fibroblasts (geometric mean titers of 344 and 8 in @entity1 cells and MRC-5 cells, respectively). Our assay was robust to variation in input virus dose. In addition, a simple lysis buffer containing a non-ionic detergent was successfully demonstrated to be a less costly alternative to commercial reagents for cell-lysate preparation. Thus, our rapid HCMV neutralization assay may be a straightforward and flexible high-throughput tool for measuring antibody responses induced by vaccination and @entity281 .

title: RT-qPCR-based microneutralization assay for XXXX using fibroblasts and epithelial cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'ARPE-19']

entities_list: @entity4538 :: ('10359', 'Species') :: ['Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['natural infection', 'congenital infection']

answer: @entity4538 :: (10359,Species) :: ['human cytomegalovirus']


abstract: True @entity96 and spleen are uncommon and it has been recommended that laparoscopic management is appropriate. Often these cysts are large and centrally located by the time they reach clinical significance thereby making complete excision difficult without major liver resection or splenectomy. Definitive therapy consists of drainage and complete resection of the cyst wall. Three @entity1 presented with upper @entity490 . Workup revealed large non-parasitic true @entity96 (one) and spleen (two). All were initially treated with laparoscopic resection of their cysts with the primary objective being organ preservation. They were followed with periodic ultrasound/CT scanning. The pathology report in all three cases demonstrated benign congenital epithelial cysts and the @entity1 did well postoperatively. Despite meticulous dissection and marsupialization of the cysts all three @entity1 experienced recurrence that necessitated further therapy. We conclude that laparoscopic surgery is inadequate in the management of true @entity96 and spleen unless complete removal of all cyst wall can be assured.

title: Laparoscopic treatment of large true XXXX and spleen is ineffective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['cysts of the liver', 'epidermal cysts of the liver']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['cysts of the liver']


abstract: Perturbation of origin firing in chromosome replication is a possible cause of spontaneous chromosome instability in multireplicon organisms. Here, we show that @entity2008 , including aneuploidy and chromosome rearrangement, were significantly increased in @entity375 diploid cells with defects in the origin recognition complex. The cell cycle of @entity58617 -4/ @entity58617 -4 temperature-sensitive mutant was arrested at the G2/M boundary, after several rounds of cell division at the restrictive temperature. However, prolonged incubation of the mutant cells at 37 degrees C led to abrogation of @entity1167 , and simultaneously the cells started to lose viability. A sharp increase in chromosome instability followed the abrogation of @entity1167 . In @entity58617 -4/ @entity58617 -4 rad9delta/rad9delta diploid cells grown at 37 degrees C, @entity1167 and induction of cell death were suppressed, while chromosome instability was synergistically augmented. These findings indicated that DNA lesions caused by a defect in @entity58617 function trigger the @entity20087 -dependent checkpoint control, which ensures genomic integrity either by stopping the cell cycle progress until lesion repair, or by inducing cell death when the lesion is not properly repaired. At semirestrictive temperatures, @entity58618 -1/ @entity58618 -1 diploid cells demonstrated @entity1167 and loss of cell viability, both of which require @entity20087 -dependent checkpoint control. However, chromosome instability was not induced in @entity58618 -1/ @entity58618 -1 cells, even in the absence of the checkpoint control. These data suggest that once cells lose the damage checkpoint control, perturbation of origin firing can be tolerated by the cells. Furthermore, although a reduction in origin-firing capacity does not necessarily initiate chromosome instability, the @entity58617 possesses a unique function, the loss of which induces instability in the chromosome.

title: Involvement of XXXX -dependent damage checkpoint control in arrest of cell cycle, induction of cell death, and chromosome instability caused by defects in origin recognition complex in @entity375 .

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

answer: @entity20087 :: (851803(Tax:4932),Gene) :: ['RAD9']


abstract: Perturbation of origin firing in chromosome replication is a possible cause of spontaneous chromosome instability in multireplicon organisms. Here, we show that @entity2008 , including aneuploidy and chromosome rearrangement, were significantly increased in @entity375 diploid cells with defects in the origin recognition complex. The cell cycle of @entity58617 -4/ @entity58617 -4 temperature-sensitive mutant was arrested at the G2/M boundary, after several rounds of cell division at the restrictive temperature. However, prolonged incubation of the mutant cells at 37 degrees C led to abrogation of @entity1167 , and simultaneously the cells started to lose viability. A sharp increase in chromosome instability followed the abrogation of @entity1167 . In @entity58617 -4/ @entity58617 -4 rad9delta/rad9delta diploid cells grown at 37 degrees C, @entity1167 and induction of cell death were suppressed, while chromosome instability was synergistically augmented. These findings indicated that DNA lesions caused by a defect in @entity58617 function trigger the @entity20087 -dependent checkpoint control, which ensures genomic integrity either by stopping the cell cycle progress until lesion repair, or by inducing cell death when the lesion is not properly repaired. At semirestrictive temperatures, @entity58618 -1/ @entity58618 -1 diploid cells demonstrated @entity1167 and loss of cell viability, both of which require @entity20087 -dependent checkpoint control. However, chromosome instability was not induced in @entity58618 -1/ @entity58618 -1 cells, even in the absence of the checkpoint control. These data suggest that once cells lose the damage checkpoint control, perturbation of origin firing can be tolerated by the cells. Furthermore, although a reduction in origin-firing capacity does not necessarily initiate chromosome instability, the @entity58617 possesses a unique function, the loss of which induces instability in the chromosome.

title: Involvement of @entity20087 -dependent damage checkpoint control in arrest of cell cycle, induction of cell death, and chromosome instability caused by defects in origin recognition complex in XXXX .

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']


abstract: Subcapsular or perirenal @entity548 is the most commonly experienced adverse effect directly attributable to externally applied shock waves. The first consecutive 3,620 extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatments with the @entity16237 Dornier lithotriptor at our institution resulted in 24 @entity1410 in 21 @entity1 , for an incidence of 0.66 per cent. Various factors associated with treatment were examined. The number of shock waves (up to 2,000) and voltage up to 24 kv. did not correlate with the development of @entity1410 . Coagulation studies were normal in all @entity1 with @entity1410 . There was no correlation of @entity1 size and weight, or stone size, number or location with the occurrence rate of perinephric @entity1410 . @entity1 with pre-existing @entity101 , particularly those with unsatisfactory control of @entity101 , had a significantly increased incidence of perinephric @entity1410 . The incidence of @entity1410 in @entity101 @entity1 was 2.5 per cent and it increased to 3.8 per cent in @entity1 with unsatisfactory control of @entity101 . Therefore, pre-existing @entity101 is a significant risk factor in the occurrence of post-extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy @entity548 . The incidence of perinephric @entity1410 also was increased in @entity1 with pre-treatment urinary tract infection and those who underwent simultaneous bilateral treatment. Management of post-extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy @entity548 generally is conservative although a third of the @entity1 required transfusion.

title: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy-induced perirenal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas', 'hematoma']

answer: @entity1410 :: (MESH:D006406,Disease) :: ['hematomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study is a component of a large research project on five major @entity2927 ( @entity2927 ) including @entity8434 and was undertaken in the Province of Sidi Kacem over a period of four years (April 2009-March 2013). METHODS: Questionnaires were administered at community level in a total of 27 communes and visits were made to all of the 10 abattoirs situated in the Province, to collect qualitative data on determinants of transmission for disease in @entity1 and animals. More specifically, community knowledge, attitudes and practices related to @entity8434 were assessed, as well as the extent to which local customs and behaviours may promote transmission. Abattoir infrastructure and practices, and their role in perpetuating disease transmission were also critically evaluated. RESULTS: The results show that only 50  % of @entity1 have heard of the disease, and of those, only 21  % are aware of the @entity235 's role in disease transmission. Sixty-seven per cent of respondents stated that @entity235 are fed ruminant organs deemed unfit for @entity1 consumption. Owned @entity235 have access to the family home, including the kitchen, in 39  % of households. The extent of this close proximity between @entity1 and animals is even more pertinent when one considers that @entity235 are omnipresent in the community, with an average of 1.8 @entity235 owned per household. The unrestricted access of @entity235 to abattoirs is a huge issue, which further promotes disease transmission. CONCLUSION: This study would suggest that the high prevalence of @entity8434 in @entity1 and animals in Morocco is largely due to three factors: 1) abundance of @entity235 2) engagement in risky behaviour of the local population and 3) poor abattoir infrastructure and practices. This has serious implications in terms of the socio-economic impact of the disease, especially for rural poor communities.

title: Knowledge, attitudes and practices with regard to the presence, transmission, impact, and control of XXXX in Sidi Kacem Province, Morocco.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity8434 :: ('MESH:D004443', 'Disease') :: ['cystic echinococcosis']

entities_list: @entity2927 :: ('MESH:D015047', 'Disease') :: ['NZDs', 'neglected zoonotic diseases']

answer: @entity8434 :: (MESH:D004443,Disease) :: ['cystic echinococcosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: An efficient and robust method to measure @entity560 ( @entity14951 ( @entity14282 ) and @entity71047 in dried blood spots (DBS) has been developed and applied in the pan-European multi-centre, internet-based, personalised nutrition intervention study Food4Me. The method includes calibration with blood containing endogenous @entity14282 , spotted as DBS and corrected for haematocrit content. The methodology was validated following international standards. The performance characteristics did not reach those of the current gold standard liquid chromatography-MS/MS in plasma for all parameters, but were found to be very suitable for status-level determination under field conditions. DBS sample quality was very high, and 3778 measurements of @entity14282 were obtained from 1465 @entity1 . The study centre and the season within the study centre were very good predictors of @entity14282 levels (P<0  001 for each case). Seasonal effects were modelled by fitting a sine function with a minimum @entity14282 level on 20 January and a maximum on 21 July. The seasonal amplitude varied from centre to centre. The largest difference between winter and summer levels was found in Germany and the smallest in Poland. The model was cross-validated to determine the consistency of the predictions and the performance of the DBS method. The Pearson's correlation between the measured values and the predicted values was r 0  65, and the sd of their differences was 21  2 nmol/l. This includes the analytical variation and the biological variation within subjects. Overall, DBS obtained by unsupervised sampling of the @entity1 at home was a viable methodology for obtaining @entity560 status information in a large nutritional study.

title: Application of dried blood spots to determine XXXX status in a large nutritional study with unsupervised sampling: the Food4Me project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity71047 :: ('MESH:D015652', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxy vitamin D2']

entities_list: @entity14951 :: ('MESH:D002112', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxy vitamin D3']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity560 :: (MESH:D014807,Chemical) :: ['vitamin D']


abstract: Phycocyanin is a phycobiliprotein with peak absorption at 620 nm. The laser activation, cytotoxic effects, and uptake into @entity731 of phycocyanin was studied. Optimal activation was produced by @entity3503 dye laser at 0.5 W and a total energy dose of 300 J/cm2 at 620 nm and 650 nm, irradiated through blood with a hematocrit of 8%. Activation was evidenced by reduction of optical density by 0.3 units at 340 nm caused by oxidation of the reduced @entity1110 ( @entity1110 ) in a buffered reaction solution containing 0.1 mg/ml of phycocyanin. @entity137 was evaluated by measuring viability of @entity19 @entity1582 cells in culture after incubation with phycocyanin (0.25 mg/ml) and irradiated by 300 J/cm2 at 514 nm. After 72 hours post-treatment the cells showed 15% viability compared to 69% and 71% for control cells exposed to laser only or phycocyanin only, respectively. Atherosclerotic artery segments obtained within 5 hours postmortem were perfused with 0.1 mg/ml phycocyanin in oxygenated Krebs Ringer solution at 30 mm Hg for 5 minutes followed by washout with phycocyanin-free Krebs for 10 minutes. Artery sections examined histologically by light and fluorescence microscopy showed specific fluorescence localization within the plaque particularly at the elastic laminae and to a larger extent at the internal elastic lamina but not in the medial muscle layer. In conclusion, phycocyanin is a cytotoxic photosensitizer that exhibits specific binding to plaque and is activated at a wavelength minimally absorbed by blood. These properties suggest potential therapeutic use for plaque localization and regression.

title: Phycocyanin: laser activation, cytotoxic effects, and uptake in human XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1110 :: ('MESH:D009249', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate', 'NADPH']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic plaque']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic plaque']


abstract: PURPOSE: The @entity13276 is an @entity74 consisting of the triad of oculocutaneous albinism, a storage pool @entity1423 , and multisystem tissue deposition of ceroid pigment. Although the underlying metabolic defect has not been identified, secondary or associated effects on the immune system are suggested by reports of an association with disorders such as @entity3794 , @entity30 , lupus, and frequent @entity2348 . We evaluated a large group of @entity1 with the @entity13276 to assess immune competence in this condition. @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 with this syndrome were studied. Control subjects included healthy volunteers in the same age range as the @entity1 . Peripheral blood lymphocytes and neutrophils were isolated according to previously described methods. Immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometry, and @entity137 assays were performed. Determination of lymphocyte transformation, mixed lymphocyte response, and neutrophil function was made. RESULTS: Immunoglobulin levels, complement, lymphocyte subsets, natural killer and lymphokine-activated @entity137 , mixed lymphocyte responses, and lectin-induced transformation were normal in all @entity1 . In addition, there was no evidence for a lymphocyte proliferative response to a preparation of urinary @entity47464 pigment isolated from these @entity1 . Neutrophil function, including @entity6931 -dependent chemiluminescence, chemotaxis, and aggregation was not significantly different from control values. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that there is no generalized defect of peripheral blood lymphocyte or neutrophil function in the @entity13276 . We propose that future studies should examine the possibility that associated disorders arise from a defect within the monocyte-macrophage system, perhaps secondary to ceroid accumulation.

title: XXXX : an immunologic assessment of 15 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet defect']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disorder']

entities_list: @entity13276 :: ('MESH:D022861', 'Disease') :: ['Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous colitis']

answer: @entity13276 :: (MESH:D022861,Disease) :: ['Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome']