abstract: BACKGROUND: The Internet is increasingly used for the recruitment of sex partners, potentially leading to increased risks for @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ). Less is known about the use of the Internet as a resource for STI education and prevention. GOAL: To evaluate the use of the Internet for sex-seeking and STI information purposes by clients of a large STI clinic. STUDY DESIGN: A 10-item survey was conducted among clients of the Denver Metro Health (STI) Clinic who visited the clinic for a new problem between September 2000 and May 2001. RESULTS: Among 4,741 clients surveyed, 2,159 (45.5%) had Internet access. Of these, 138 (6.4%) reported to have gone on-line with the specific purpose of finding a sex partner and 146 (6.8%) reported having sex with a partner they found over the Internet. Internet sex-seeking was more common among @entity1 who have sex with @entity1 (MSM; 77/269, or 28.6%) than among @entity1 who have sex with @entity1 (MSW; 52/1,176, or 4.4%; P < 0.0001) and higher among MSW than among @entity1 (9/714, or 1.3%; P < 0.001). The Internet was accessed by 604 @entity1 (28.0%) to find information on @entity2953 . Of these, 65.1% did so for general STI information, 36.3% for information on @entity645 , 25.7% for @entity12881 , 22.4% for information on chlamydia, 21.7% for information on HPV, 19.9% for information on @entity2954 , 16.1% for information on syphilis, and 9.3% for other information. Of @entity1 seeking sex, 54.4% accessed the Internet for STI information, compared to 26.2% of @entity1 not seeking sex (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Among STI clinic clients in Denver, nearly half have access to the Internet. Sex-seeking appears to be most prevalent among MSM. Internet use for STI information is common among those with Internet access and even more widespread among those who access the Internet to seek sex. Research is needed to develop and evaluate Internet-based STI-prevention interventions.

title: Risks and benefits of the internet for populations at risk for XXXX ( @entity2953 ): results of an STI clinic survey.

answer: @entity2953 :: (MESH:D012749,Disease) :: ['sexually transmitted infections']


abstract: AIM: To compare the diagnostic performance of chest sonography, MRI angiography and ventilation/perfusion intigraphy in @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ). METHOD: In a prospective clinical study, 55 @entity1 (41 @entity1 , 14 @entity1 , age 23 - 91 years) with clinical signs of @entity1151 were investigated within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. The final diagnosis was made by MRI angiography (reference method). RESULTS: @entity1151 was diagnosed in a total of 36 @entity1 . Chest sonography revealed rounded or wedge-shaped @entity75 in 30 @entity1 . On ventilation/perfusion (V/P) scintigraphy, 41 @entity1 had positive V/P scans, but only 23 were of high probability. Chest ultrasound had a positive predictive value of 97 % to diagnose @entity1151 . The sensitivity, specificity, the negative predictive value and accuracy were 81 %, 84 %, 84 % and 82 %, respectively. As 18 @entity1 had inconclusive scans, the diagnostic performance of ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy was poor. The positive predictive value, sensitivity and specificity were 58 %, 42 % and 91 %, respectively. @entity1 in whom @entity1151 was excluded mainly suffered from @entity712 , @entity281 or @entity120 . CONCLUSION: A negative sonographic study cannot rule out @entity1151 with certainty. However, a chest sonography is of acceptable diagnostic value in @entity1 with suspected @entity1151 and may be used as an adjunct or guide to more established methods.

title: Chest sonography in the diagnosis of XXXX : a comparison with MRI angiography and ventilation perfusion scintigraphy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['hypoechoic lesions']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary infections']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: It has been reported that plasma @entity1255 ( @entity5784 ) levels in type 1 @entity6 (T1DM) @entity1 without renal involvement are higher, similar to or lower than those in healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured plasma @entity5784 in 60 controls, 79 type 1 @entity6 (23 with @entity989 , 22 with @entity8 ) and 73 non-diabetic relatives of 30 probands. The female controls had lower levels than their male counterparts: geometric mean 10.5 vs 13.6 mumol/L, p < 0.001. Among the controls, smokers (n = 20) and ex-smokers (n = 12) had higher @entity5784 levels than non-smokers (n = 28): 13.2 and 13.2 vs 10.9 mumol/L, p < 0.01. Among the @entity6 , high plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with male gender: 11.9 vs 9.1 mumol/L in @entity1 , p < 0.01. The @entity1 without complications had higher plasma @entity413 and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (p < 0.001), and lower plasma @entity5784 (9.2 mumol/L vs 12.2, p < 0.01) and @entity414 levels (p < 0.05) than the controls. The @entity1 with @entity8 and higher levels of @entity5784 (13.0 mumol/L vs 9.0, p < 0.05), and different levels of @entity1011 (p < 0.01), @entity414 (p < 0.01), @entity2002 (p < 0.05), and urinary albumin (p < 0.001) than those with @entity989 . There was no difference in @entity5784 levels between the @entity1 ' relatives and the controls: 11.9 mumol/L in siblings vs 11.6 mumol/L, 13.5 mumol/L in parents vs 12.1 mumol/L. In the control group, plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with age, gender and smoking; among the @entity6 , they correlated with age, gender, smoking, and plasma @entity1011 and lipoprotein (a) levels. CONCLUSIONS: 1) male gender and smoking are associated with high @entity5784 levels in healthy @entity1 ; 2) plasma @entity5784 levels are lower in T1DM @entity1 than in healthy @entity1 (glomerular hyperfiltration and accelerated hepatic transsulfuration?); 3) high @entity5784 levels are associated with @entity2316 and plasma @entity1011 levels; and 4) non-diabetic first-degree relatives of type 1 @entity6 have normal plasma @entity5784 concentrations.

title: Blood levels of total @entity1255 in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 (with no complications, @entity2316 and/or XXXX ) and in their non-diabetic relatives.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['retinopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: It has been reported that plasma @entity1255 ( @entity5784 ) levels in type 1 @entity6 (T1DM) @entity1 without renal involvement are higher, similar to or lower than those in healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured plasma @entity5784 in 60 controls, 79 type 1 @entity6 (23 with @entity989 , 22 with @entity8 ) and 73 non-diabetic relatives of 30 probands. The female controls had lower levels than their male counterparts: geometric mean 10.5 vs 13.6 mumol/L, p < 0.001. Among the controls, smokers (n = 20) and ex-smokers (n = 12) had higher @entity5784 levels than non-smokers (n = 28): 13.2 and 13.2 vs 10.9 mumol/L, p < 0.01. Among the @entity6 , high plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with male gender: 11.9 vs 9.1 mumol/L in @entity1 , p < 0.01. The @entity1 without complications had higher plasma @entity413 and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (p < 0.001), and lower plasma @entity5784 (9.2 mumol/L vs 12.2, p < 0.01) and @entity414 levels (p < 0.05) than the controls. The @entity1 with @entity8 and higher levels of @entity5784 (13.0 mumol/L vs 9.0, p < 0.05), and different levels of @entity1011 (p < 0.01), @entity414 (p < 0.01), @entity2002 (p < 0.05), and urinary albumin (p < 0.001) than those with @entity989 . There was no difference in @entity5784 levels between the @entity1 ' relatives and the controls: 11.9 mumol/L in siblings vs 11.6 mumol/L, 13.5 mumol/L in parents vs 12.1 mumol/L. In the control group, plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with age, gender and smoking; among the @entity6 , they correlated with age, gender, smoking, and plasma @entity1011 and lipoprotein (a) levels. CONCLUSIONS: 1) male gender and smoking are associated with high @entity5784 levels in healthy @entity1 ; 2) plasma @entity5784 levels are lower in T1DM @entity1 than in healthy @entity1 (glomerular hyperfiltration and accelerated hepatic transsulfuration?); 3) high @entity5784 levels are associated with @entity2316 and plasma @entity1011 levels; and 4) non-diabetic first-degree relatives of type 1 @entity6 have normal plasma @entity5784 concentrations.

title: Blood levels of total @entity1255 in @entity1 with type 1 XXXX (with no complications, @entity2316 and/or @entity989 ) and in their non-diabetic relatives.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: It has been reported that plasma @entity1255 ( @entity5784 ) levels in type 1 @entity6 (T1DM) @entity1 without renal involvement are higher, similar to or lower than those in healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured plasma @entity5784 in 60 controls, 79 type 1 @entity6 (23 with @entity989 , 22 with @entity8 ) and 73 non-diabetic relatives of 30 probands. The female controls had lower levels than their male counterparts: geometric mean 10.5 vs 13.6 mumol/L, p < 0.001. Among the controls, smokers (n = 20) and ex-smokers (n = 12) had higher @entity5784 levels than non-smokers (n = 28): 13.2 and 13.2 vs 10.9 mumol/L, p < 0.01. Among the @entity6 , high plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with male gender: 11.9 vs 9.1 mumol/L in @entity1 , p < 0.01. The @entity1 without complications had higher plasma @entity413 and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (p < 0.001), and lower plasma @entity5784 (9.2 mumol/L vs 12.2, p < 0.01) and @entity414 levels (p < 0.05) than the controls. The @entity1 with @entity8 and higher levels of @entity5784 (13.0 mumol/L vs 9.0, p < 0.05), and different levels of @entity1011 (p < 0.01), @entity414 (p < 0.01), @entity2002 (p < 0.05), and urinary albumin (p < 0.001) than those with @entity989 . There was no difference in @entity5784 levels between the @entity1 ' relatives and the controls: 11.9 mumol/L in siblings vs 11.6 mumol/L, 13.5 mumol/L in parents vs 12.1 mumol/L. In the control group, plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with age, gender and smoking; among the @entity6 , they correlated with age, gender, smoking, and plasma @entity1011 and lipoprotein (a) levels. CONCLUSIONS: 1) male gender and smoking are associated with high @entity5784 levels in healthy @entity1 ; 2) plasma @entity5784 levels are lower in T1DM @entity1 than in healthy @entity1 (glomerular hyperfiltration and accelerated hepatic transsulfuration?); 3) high @entity5784 levels are associated with @entity2316 and plasma @entity1011 levels; and 4) non-diabetic first-degree relatives of type 1 @entity6 have normal plasma @entity5784 concentrations.

title: Blood levels of total XXXX in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 (with no complications, @entity2316 and/or @entity989 ) and in their non-diabetic relatives.

answer: @entity1255 :: (MESH:D006710,Chemical) :: ['homocysteine']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: It has been reported that plasma @entity1255 ( @entity5784 ) levels in type 1 @entity6 (T1DM) @entity1 without renal involvement are higher, similar to or lower than those in healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured plasma @entity5784 in 60 controls, 79 type 1 @entity6 (23 with @entity989 , 22 with @entity8 ) and 73 non-diabetic relatives of 30 probands. The female controls had lower levels than their male counterparts: geometric mean 10.5 vs 13.6 mumol/L, p < 0.001. Among the controls, smokers (n = 20) and ex-smokers (n = 12) had higher @entity5784 levels than non-smokers (n = 28): 13.2 and 13.2 vs 10.9 mumol/L, p < 0.01. Among the @entity6 , high plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with male gender: 11.9 vs 9.1 mumol/L in @entity1 , p < 0.01. The @entity1 without complications had higher plasma @entity413 and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (p < 0.001), and lower plasma @entity5784 (9.2 mumol/L vs 12.2, p < 0.01) and @entity414 levels (p < 0.05) than the controls. The @entity1 with @entity8 and higher levels of @entity5784 (13.0 mumol/L vs 9.0, p < 0.05), and different levels of @entity1011 (p < 0.01), @entity414 (p < 0.01), @entity2002 (p < 0.05), and urinary albumin (p < 0.001) than those with @entity989 . There was no difference in @entity5784 levels between the @entity1 ' relatives and the controls: 11.9 mumol/L in siblings vs 11.6 mumol/L, 13.5 mumol/L in parents vs 12.1 mumol/L. In the control group, plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with age, gender and smoking; among the @entity6 , they correlated with age, gender, smoking, and plasma @entity1011 and lipoprotein (a) levels. CONCLUSIONS: 1) male gender and smoking are associated with high @entity5784 levels in healthy @entity1 ; 2) plasma @entity5784 levels are lower in T1DM @entity1 than in healthy @entity1 (glomerular hyperfiltration and accelerated hepatic transsulfuration?); 3) high @entity5784 levels are associated with @entity2316 and plasma @entity1011 levels; and 4) non-diabetic first-degree relatives of type 1 @entity6 have normal plasma @entity5784 concentrations.

title: Blood levels of total @entity1255 in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 (with no complications, XXXX and/or @entity989 ) and in their non-diabetic relatives.

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetic nephropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: It has been reported that plasma @entity1255 ( @entity5784 ) levels in type 1 @entity6 (T1DM) @entity1 without renal involvement are higher, similar to or lower than those in healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured plasma @entity5784 in 60 controls, 79 type 1 @entity6 (23 with @entity989 , 22 with @entity8 ) and 73 non-diabetic relatives of 30 probands. The female controls had lower levels than their male counterparts: geometric mean 10.5 vs 13.6 mumol/L, p < 0.001. Among the controls, smokers (n = 20) and ex-smokers (n = 12) had higher @entity5784 levels than non-smokers (n = 28): 13.2 and 13.2 vs 10.9 mumol/L, p < 0.01. Among the @entity6 , high plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with male gender: 11.9 vs 9.1 mumol/L in @entity1 , p < 0.01. The @entity1 without complications had higher plasma @entity413 and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (p < 0.001), and lower plasma @entity5784 (9.2 mumol/L vs 12.2, p < 0.01) and @entity414 levels (p < 0.05) than the controls. The @entity1 with @entity8 and higher levels of @entity5784 (13.0 mumol/L vs 9.0, p < 0.05), and different levels of @entity1011 (p < 0.01), @entity414 (p < 0.01), @entity2002 (p < 0.05), and urinary albumin (p < 0.001) than those with @entity989 . There was no difference in @entity5784 levels between the @entity1 ' relatives and the controls: 11.9 mumol/L in siblings vs 11.6 mumol/L, 13.5 mumol/L in parents vs 12.1 mumol/L. In the control group, plasma @entity5784 levels were associated with age, gender and smoking; among the @entity6 , they correlated with age, gender, smoking, and plasma @entity1011 and lipoprotein (a) levels. CONCLUSIONS: 1) male gender and smoking are associated with high @entity5784 levels in healthy @entity1 ; 2) plasma @entity5784 levels are lower in T1DM @entity1 than in healthy @entity1 (glomerular hyperfiltration and accelerated hepatic transsulfuration?); 3) high @entity5784 levels are associated with @entity2316 and plasma @entity1011 levels; and 4) non-diabetic first-degree relatives of type 1 @entity6 have normal plasma @entity5784 concentrations.

title: Blood levels of total @entity1255 in XXXX with type 1 @entity6 (with no complications, @entity2316 and/or @entity989 ) and in their non-diabetic relatives.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity409 remains an actual medical and social problem for Bulgaria as an endemic region. Because of the lackage of medicines with satisfactory therapeutic effect the surgical treatment is still the treatment of primary importance. AIM: The aim of this study was too check the correctness of the following hypothesis: "Radical surgical procedures on @entity409 have lower rates of morbidity and mortality compared to conservative ones". MATERIAL AND METHODS: In order to achieve the above mentioned aim we analysed the results of 361 @entity1 with @entity409 (267 (74%) of whom retrospectively and 94 (26%) prospectively), treated at the Clinic of General, Liver and Pancreatic Surgery during the period 1st, Jan., 1985-1st, Jan., 2001. The @entity1 were divided in two main groups: 102 (28.25%) of them received radical surgical procedures and 250 (69.25%)--conservative ones. Nine of the @entity1 (2.50%) had @entity45 and received surgical procedures of both types. That's why the results of those @entity1 did not correspond to the aim of the study and they were not included in it. The analysis consisted of a comparison between the two main groups according to several criteria: sex, age, location and average size of the cysts, @entity260 , reoperations, mean postoperative stay at hospital and mortality rate. RESULTS: There was a prevalence of the female in the ratio male/female in the group of @entity1 who received a radical procedure. The location of @entity99 was found to be more frequent. In the group of radical surgical operations the postoperative morbidity and mortality rates were lower and the postoperative stay at hospital was shorter, compared to the group of conservative procedures. CONCLUSION: Radical surgical procedures showed better postoperative results. But those procedures had to be performed only on @entity1 who had certain indications and according to criteria described in surgical literature. The proper surgical equipment and well experienced surgical team were the other important conditions for good outcome.

title: [ XXXX : radical or conservative surgical treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Hydatid liver disease', 'hydatid liver disease']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['multiple echinococcal cysts']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['echinococcal cysts in the left hepatic lobe']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['Hepatic echinococcosis']


abstract: This report is an analysis of the morbidity in the bladder and bowel observed in a randomized trial of d(15)+Be neutrons versus megavoltage photons in the treatment of @entity150 . Acute reactions in the bladder and bowel were significantly worse after photon therapy. Of the @entity1 treated with photons 45.7% had severe reactions in the bladder compared with 10.6% after neutron therapy (p less than 0.001). Severe acute bowel reactions were observed in 8.5% of the @entity1 after photon therapy compared with 3.8% after neutron therapy (p less than 0.05). Late reactions were significantly worse after neutrons. Severe late reactions in the bladder were seen in 58.5% of @entity1 after neutron therapy and in 40.5% after photon therapy (p less than 0.05). In the bowel they were observed in 53.3% of @entity1 after neutron therapy compared with 8% after photon therapy (p less than 0.0001). The disparity in the degree of early and late complications makes assessment of RBE values difficult. It is estimated that for bladder morbidity the RBE value, for photon dose fractions of 2.75 Gy, is less than 3.3 for early reactions and equal to 3.4 for late effects. The respective RBE values for early and late effects in the bowel are less than 3.4 and 3.8.

title: An analysis of the radiation related morbidity observed in a randomized trial of neutron therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: Extensive clinical and clinical chemical information was collected from 1002 consecutive @entity1087 @entity1 . Initial selection of variables based on Chi 2-tests or Mann-Whitney U-test allowed the removal of 64 of the 107 variables originally collected. A further selection of variables was carried out using a modified version of Bayes' rule thus reducing the number of variables from 43 to 22. Of the 982 @entity1 with a final diagnosis 743 @entity1 (76%) could be classified correctly into one of 13 diagnostic categories. The Bayes' rule was also applied to a test group of a further 110 @entity1087 @entity1 and found to perform equally well: of 108 @entity1 with a final diagnosis 81 (75%) were correctly classified. A comparison between the clinician's diagnosis and the computer-aided diagnosis according to Bayes' rule demonstrated agreement with regard to one of the 13 diagnostic alternatives in 734 @entity1 (75%), of whom 81 @entity1 were wrongly diagnosed. In the test group agreement upon diagnosis was found in 80 @entity1 (74%). By plausibly combining the computer-aided and the clinician's preliminary diagnoses, more correct classifications were obtained than with either method alone. Many diagnostic modalities such as ultrasound examination, CT-scan, and direct cholangiography are at hand today for the differential diagnosis of @entity1087 . Computer-aided diagnosis using Bayes' rule has proved a reliable tool for the clinician and can be used in the planning of a diagnostic strategy for the individual @entity1087 @entity1 .

title: Computer diagnosis in XXXX . Bayes' rule founded on 1002 consecutive cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1087 :: ('MESH:D007565', 'Disease') :: ['jaundice', 'jaundiced']

answer: @entity1087 :: (MESH:D007565,Disease) :: ['jaundice']


abstract: A great number of investigators have, independently, shown that @entity5 blood flow is affected by a hyperthermic treatment to a larger extent than normal tissue blood flow. While the majority of the studies on experimental @entity5 show a decrease and even a lapse in blood flow within the microcirculation during or after @entity221 , the data on @entity1 @entity5 are less conclusive. Some of the investigators do not find a decrease in circulation, while others do. Obviously, this is an important field of investigation in the clinical application of @entity221 because a shut down of the circulation would not only facilitate @entity5 heating (by reducing venous outflow, this reducing the 'heat clearance' from the @entity5 ), but would also facilitate @entity5 cell destruction. The same holds for alterations that occur subsequently to the circulatory changes, like a heat-induced decrease of tissue @entity4095 and pH. If the frequently reported circulatory collapse of the @entity5 circulation could selectively be stimulated by, e.g. acidification or by vasoactive agents, hyperthermic treatment of @entity1 would possibly be greatly facilitated and intensified. In hyperthermic @entity5 therapy a number of complex processes and interactions takes place, especially when the treatment is performed in combination with radiation therapy. One of them represents the group of processes related to the random probability of cell sterilization of individual @entity5 cells resulting in exponential survival curves which are typically evaluated with e.g. cell survival assays. This aspect has not been the issue of this paper. The other group of processes deals with the heat-induced changes in the micro-physiology of @entity5 and normal tissues which, as discussed before, may not only enhance the exponential cell kill, but which may also culminate in @entity455 with the ensuing @entity39 of the @entity5 tissue in the areas affected. If this takes place, a process of bulk killing of @entity5 cells results, rather than the random type of cell sterilization. At present it is not clear to what extent the various separate mechanisms contribute to the total effect of @entity5 control. With all these considerations in mind, one should be aware of the fact that effects, secondary to heat-induced @entity455 alone will never be efficient enough to eliminate all @entity5 cells, even though a heat reservoir is created. This is so because some malignant cells will inevitably have already infiltrated normal, surrounding structures and will therefore not be affected by changes in the @entity5 vascular bed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Tumour microcirculation as a target for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular stasis', 'vascular collapse']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['hyperthermia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the considerable physical, emotional and social change that occurs during emerging adulthood, there is little research that examines the association between having a chronic health condition and @entity146 during this developmental period. The aims of this study were to examine the sex-specific prevalence of @entity146 in an epidemiological sample of emerging adults aged 15-30 years with and without chronic health conditions; quantify the association between chronic health conditions and @entity146 , adjusting for sociodemographic and health factors; and, examine potential moderating and mediating effects of sex, level of disability and @entity158 . METHOD: Data come from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health. Respondents were 15-30 years of age (n = 5947) and self-reported whether they had a chronic health condition. Chronic health conditions were classified as: respiratory, musculoskeletal/connective tissue, cardiovascular, neurological and endocrine/digestive. The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 was used to assess the presence of @entity146 ( @entity308 , suicidal behaviour, @entity162 and generalised @entity148 ). RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of @entity146 was significantly higher for individuals with chronic health conditions compared with healthy controls. Substantial heterogeneity in the prevalence of @entity146 was found in males, but not in females. @entity2357 models adjusting for several sociodemographic and health factors showed that the individuals with chronic health conditions were at elevated risk for @entity146 . There was no evidence that the level of disability or @entity158 moderated the associations between chronic health conditions and @entity146 . Sex was found to moderate the association between musculoskeletal/connective tissue conditions and @entity162 (b = 1.71, p = 0.002). Exploratory analyses suggest that the levels of disability and @entity158 mediate the association between chronic health conditions and @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: Physical and mental comorbidity is prevalent among emerging adults and this relationship is not augmented, but may be mediated, by the level of disability or @entity158 . Findings point to the integration and coordination of public sectors - health, education and social services - to facilitate the prevention and reduction of @entity146 among emerging adults with chronic health conditions.

title: Major @entity308 , suicidal behaviour, XXXX , and generalised @entity148 among emerging adults with and without chronic health conditions.

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['lifetime mental disorder', 'mental disorder']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Logistic regression']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the considerable physical, emotional and social change that occurs during emerging adulthood, there is little research that examines the association between having a chronic health condition and @entity146 during this developmental period. The aims of this study were to examine the sex-specific prevalence of @entity146 in an epidemiological sample of emerging adults aged 15-30 years with and without chronic health conditions; quantify the association between chronic health conditions and @entity146 , adjusting for sociodemographic and health factors; and, examine potential moderating and mediating effects of sex, level of disability and @entity158 . METHOD: Data come from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health. Respondents were 15-30 years of age (n = 5947) and self-reported whether they had a chronic health condition. Chronic health conditions were classified as: respiratory, musculoskeletal/connective tissue, cardiovascular, neurological and endocrine/digestive. The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 was used to assess the presence of @entity146 ( @entity308 , suicidal behaviour, @entity162 and generalised @entity148 ). RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of @entity146 was significantly higher for individuals with chronic health conditions compared with healthy controls. Substantial heterogeneity in the prevalence of @entity146 was found in males, but not in females. @entity2357 models adjusting for several sociodemographic and health factors showed that the individuals with chronic health conditions were at elevated risk for @entity146 . There was no evidence that the level of disability or @entity158 moderated the associations between chronic health conditions and @entity146 . Sex was found to moderate the association between musculoskeletal/connective tissue conditions and @entity162 (b = 1.71, p = 0.002). Exploratory analyses suggest that the levels of disability and @entity158 mediate the association between chronic health conditions and @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: Physical and mental comorbidity is prevalent among emerging adults and this relationship is not augmented, but may be mediated, by the level of disability or @entity158 . Findings point to the integration and coordination of public sectors - health, education and social services - to facilitate the prevention and reduction of @entity146 among emerging adults with chronic health conditions.

title: Major XXXX , suicidal behaviour, @entity162 , and generalised @entity148 among emerging adults with and without chronic health conditions.

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the considerable physical, emotional and social change that occurs during emerging adulthood, there is little research that examines the association between having a chronic health condition and @entity146 during this developmental period. The aims of this study were to examine the sex-specific prevalence of @entity146 in an epidemiological sample of emerging adults aged 15-30 years with and without chronic health conditions; quantify the association between chronic health conditions and @entity146 , adjusting for sociodemographic and health factors; and, examine potential moderating and mediating effects of sex, level of disability and @entity158 . METHOD: Data come from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health. Respondents were 15-30 years of age (n = 5947) and self-reported whether they had a chronic health condition. Chronic health conditions were classified as: respiratory, musculoskeletal/connective tissue, cardiovascular, neurological and endocrine/digestive. The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 was used to assess the presence of @entity146 ( @entity308 , suicidal behaviour, @entity162 and generalised @entity148 ). RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of @entity146 was significantly higher for individuals with chronic health conditions compared with healthy controls. Substantial heterogeneity in the prevalence of @entity146 was found in males, but not in females. @entity2357 models adjusting for several sociodemographic and health factors showed that the individuals with chronic health conditions were at elevated risk for @entity146 . There was no evidence that the level of disability or @entity158 moderated the associations between chronic health conditions and @entity146 . Sex was found to moderate the association between musculoskeletal/connective tissue conditions and @entity162 (b = 1.71, p = 0.002). Exploratory analyses suggest that the levels of disability and @entity158 mediate the association between chronic health conditions and @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: Physical and mental comorbidity is prevalent among emerging adults and this relationship is not augmented, but may be mediated, by the level of disability or @entity158 . Findings point to the integration and coordination of public sectors - health, education and social services - to facilitate the prevention and reduction of @entity146 among emerging adults with chronic health conditions.

title: Major @entity308 , suicidal behaviour, @entity162 , and generalised XXXX among emerging adults with and without chronic health conditions.

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety disorder']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to assess how @entity248 ( @entity248 ) is used worldwide to test ovarian reserve and guide @entity52 ( @entity52 ) cycle management. METHODS: An internet-based survey was sent electronically to registered @entity52 providers within the @entity52 -Worldwide.com network. This survey consisted of nine questions which assessed the clinics' use of @entity248 . The questionnaire was completed online through the @entity52 -Worldwide.com website, and quality assurance tools were used to verify that only one survey was completed per clinical @entity52 center. Results are reported as the proportion of @entity52 cycles represented by a particular answer choice. RESULTS: Survey responses were completed from 796 globally distributed @entity52 clinics, representing 593,200 @entity52 cycles worldwide. Sixty percent of the respondent- @entity52 cycles reported to use @entity248 as a first line test, and 54 % reported it as the best test for evaluating ovarian reserve. Eighty-nine percent reported that @entity248 results were extremely relevant or relevant to clinical practice. However in contrast, for predicting live birth rate, 81 % reported age as the best predictor. CONCLUSIONS: @entity248 is currently considered a first line test for evaluating ovarian reserve and is considered relevant to clinical practice by the majority of @entity52 providers.

title: Use of XXXX for testing ovarian reserve: a survey of 796 infertility clinics worldwide.

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization']

entities_list: @entity248 :: ('268', 'Gene') :: ['anti-mullerian hormone', 'AMH']

answer: @entity248 :: (268,Gene) :: ['anti-mullerian hormone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Metastatic @entity0 is a major cause of @entity204 among @entity1 worldwide; therefore efficient therapeutic strategies are extremely needed. In this work we have developed a gene therapy- and bacteria-based combined neoadjuvant approach and evaluated its antitumor effect in a clinically relevant animal model of metastatic @entity0 . METHODS: 2*10(8) particles of a @entity3597 vector expressing interleukin-12 ( @entity3598 -IL-12) and/or 2*10(7) units of an aroC (-) @entity2491 (LVR01) were injected into 4T1 @entity5 nodules orthotopically implanted in @entity19 . @entity5 were surgically resected and long-term survival was determined. IL-12 and interferon-y were quantified by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, bacteria was visualized by inmunohistochemistry and the number of lung @entity3 was calculated with a clonogenic assay. RESULTS: @entity3598 -IL-12 and LVR01 timely inoculated and followed by surgical resection of @entity5 succeeded in complete inhibition of lethal lung @entity3 and long-term survival in 90% of treated @entity19 . The combined therapy was markedly synergistic compared to each treatment alone, since @entity3598 -IL-12 monotherapy showed a potent antiangiogenic effect, being able to inhibit @entity5 growth and extend survival, but could not prevent establishment of distant @entity3 and @entity204 of @entity5 -excised animals. On the other hand, LVR01 alone also showed a significant, although limited, antitumor potential, despite its ability to invade @entity0 cells and induce granulocyte recruitment. The efficacy of the combined therapy depended on the order in which both factors were administered; inasmuch the therapeutic effect was only observed when @entity3598 -IL-12 was administered previous to LVR01, whereas administration of LVR01 before @entity3598 -IL-12 had negligible antitumor activity. Moreover, pre-treatment with LVR01 seemed to suppress @entity3598 -IL-12 antiangiogenic effects associated to lower IL-12 expression in this group. Re-challenged @entity19 were unable to reject a second 4T1 @entity5 ; however 100% of them could be totally cured by applying the same neoadjuvant combined regimen. To our knowledge, these are the most encouraging results obtained to date in a post-operatory setting using the highly aggressive 4T1 animal model. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3598 -IL-12-based gene therapy combined with @entity2491 LVR01 neoadjuvant administration has a synergic antitumor effect and may be a promising therapeutic option to prevent and/or eradicate pre-operatory @entity3 in locally advanced @entity0 .

title: Neoadjuvant administration of XXXX expressing interleukin-12 combined with attenuated @entity2491 eradicates @entity0 @entity3 and achieves long-term survival in immunocompetent @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Samonella Typhimurium strain', 'Salmonella']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3597 :: ('11033', 'Species') :: ['Semliki Forest virus']

answer: @entity3597 :: (11033,Species) :: ['Semliki Forest virus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Metastatic @entity0 is a major cause of @entity204 among @entity1 worldwide; therefore efficient therapeutic strategies are extremely needed. In this work we have developed a gene therapy- and bacteria-based combined neoadjuvant approach and evaluated its antitumor effect in a clinically relevant animal model of metastatic @entity0 . METHODS: 2*10(8) particles of a @entity3597 vector expressing interleukin-12 ( @entity3598 -IL-12) and/or 2*10(7) units of an aroC (-) @entity2491 (LVR01) were injected into 4T1 @entity5 nodules orthotopically implanted in @entity19 . @entity5 were surgically resected and long-term survival was determined. IL-12 and interferon-y were quantified by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, bacteria was visualized by inmunohistochemistry and the number of lung @entity3 was calculated with a clonogenic assay. RESULTS: @entity3598 -IL-12 and LVR01 timely inoculated and followed by surgical resection of @entity5 succeeded in complete inhibition of lethal lung @entity3 and long-term survival in 90% of treated @entity19 . The combined therapy was markedly synergistic compared to each treatment alone, since @entity3598 -IL-12 monotherapy showed a potent antiangiogenic effect, being able to inhibit @entity5 growth and extend survival, but could not prevent establishment of distant @entity3 and @entity204 of @entity5 -excised animals. On the other hand, LVR01 alone also showed a significant, although limited, antitumor potential, despite its ability to invade @entity0 cells and induce granulocyte recruitment. The efficacy of the combined therapy depended on the order in which both factors were administered; inasmuch the therapeutic effect was only observed when @entity3598 -IL-12 was administered previous to LVR01, whereas administration of LVR01 before @entity3598 -IL-12 had negligible antitumor activity. Moreover, pre-treatment with LVR01 seemed to suppress @entity3598 -IL-12 antiangiogenic effects associated to lower IL-12 expression in this group. Re-challenged @entity19 were unable to reject a second 4T1 @entity5 ; however 100% of them could be totally cured by applying the same neoadjuvant combined regimen. To our knowledge, these are the most encouraging results obtained to date in a post-operatory setting using the highly aggressive 4T1 animal model. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3598 -IL-12-based gene therapy combined with @entity2491 LVR01 neoadjuvant administration has a synergic antitumor effect and may be a promising therapeutic option to prevent and/or eradicate pre-operatory @entity3 in locally advanced @entity0 .

title: Neoadjuvant administration of @entity3597 expressing interleukin-12 combined with attenuated @entity2491 eradicates @entity0 @entity3 and achieves long-term survival in immunocompetent XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Metastatic @entity0 is a major cause of @entity204 among @entity1 worldwide; therefore efficient therapeutic strategies are extremely needed. In this work we have developed a gene therapy- and bacteria-based combined neoadjuvant approach and evaluated its antitumor effect in a clinically relevant animal model of metastatic @entity0 . METHODS: 2*10(8) particles of a @entity3597 vector expressing interleukin-12 ( @entity3598 -IL-12) and/or 2*10(7) units of an aroC (-) @entity2491 (LVR01) were injected into 4T1 @entity5 nodules orthotopically implanted in @entity19 . @entity5 were surgically resected and long-term survival was determined. IL-12 and interferon-y were quantified by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, bacteria was visualized by inmunohistochemistry and the number of lung @entity3 was calculated with a clonogenic assay. RESULTS: @entity3598 -IL-12 and LVR01 timely inoculated and followed by surgical resection of @entity5 succeeded in complete inhibition of lethal lung @entity3 and long-term survival in 90% of treated @entity19 . The combined therapy was markedly synergistic compared to each treatment alone, since @entity3598 -IL-12 monotherapy showed a potent antiangiogenic effect, being able to inhibit @entity5 growth and extend survival, but could not prevent establishment of distant @entity3 and @entity204 of @entity5 -excised animals. On the other hand, LVR01 alone also showed a significant, although limited, antitumor potential, despite its ability to invade @entity0 cells and induce granulocyte recruitment. The efficacy of the combined therapy depended on the order in which both factors were administered; inasmuch the therapeutic effect was only observed when @entity3598 -IL-12 was administered previous to LVR01, whereas administration of LVR01 before @entity3598 -IL-12 had negligible antitumor activity. Moreover, pre-treatment with LVR01 seemed to suppress @entity3598 -IL-12 antiangiogenic effects associated to lower IL-12 expression in this group. Re-challenged @entity19 were unable to reject a second 4T1 @entity5 ; however 100% of them could be totally cured by applying the same neoadjuvant combined regimen. To our knowledge, these are the most encouraging results obtained to date in a post-operatory setting using the highly aggressive 4T1 animal model. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3598 -IL-12-based gene therapy combined with @entity2491 LVR01 neoadjuvant administration has a synergic antitumor effect and may be a promising therapeutic option to prevent and/or eradicate pre-operatory @entity3 in locally advanced @entity0 .

title: Neoadjuvant administration of @entity3597 expressing interleukin-12 combined with attenuated @entity2491 eradicates XXXX @entity3 and achieves long-term survival in immunocompetent @entity19 .

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Metastatic @entity0 is a major cause of @entity204 among @entity1 worldwide; therefore efficient therapeutic strategies are extremely needed. In this work we have developed a gene therapy- and bacteria-based combined neoadjuvant approach and evaluated its antitumor effect in a clinically relevant animal model of metastatic @entity0 . METHODS: 2*10(8) particles of a @entity3597 vector expressing interleukin-12 ( @entity3598 -IL-12) and/or 2*10(7) units of an aroC (-) @entity2491 (LVR01) were injected into 4T1 @entity5 nodules orthotopically implanted in @entity19 . @entity5 were surgically resected and long-term survival was determined. IL-12 and interferon-y were quantified by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, bacteria was visualized by inmunohistochemistry and the number of lung @entity3 was calculated with a clonogenic assay. RESULTS: @entity3598 -IL-12 and LVR01 timely inoculated and followed by surgical resection of @entity5 succeeded in complete inhibition of lethal lung @entity3 and long-term survival in 90% of treated @entity19 . The combined therapy was markedly synergistic compared to each treatment alone, since @entity3598 -IL-12 monotherapy showed a potent antiangiogenic effect, being able to inhibit @entity5 growth and extend survival, but could not prevent establishment of distant @entity3 and @entity204 of @entity5 -excised animals. On the other hand, LVR01 alone also showed a significant, although limited, antitumor potential, despite its ability to invade @entity0 cells and induce granulocyte recruitment. The efficacy of the combined therapy depended on the order in which both factors were administered; inasmuch the therapeutic effect was only observed when @entity3598 -IL-12 was administered previous to LVR01, whereas administration of LVR01 before @entity3598 -IL-12 had negligible antitumor activity. Moreover, pre-treatment with LVR01 seemed to suppress @entity3598 -IL-12 antiangiogenic effects associated to lower IL-12 expression in this group. Re-challenged @entity19 were unable to reject a second 4T1 @entity5 ; however 100% of them could be totally cured by applying the same neoadjuvant combined regimen. To our knowledge, these are the most encouraging results obtained to date in a post-operatory setting using the highly aggressive 4T1 animal model. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3598 -IL-12-based gene therapy combined with @entity2491 LVR01 neoadjuvant administration has a synergic antitumor effect and may be a promising therapeutic option to prevent and/or eradicate pre-operatory @entity3 in locally advanced @entity0 .

title: Neoadjuvant administration of @entity3597 expressing interleukin-12 combined with attenuated @entity2491 eradicates @entity0 XXXX and achieves long-term survival in immunocompetent @entity19 .

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Metastatic @entity0 is a major cause of @entity204 among @entity1 worldwide; therefore efficient therapeutic strategies are extremely needed. In this work we have developed a gene therapy- and bacteria-based combined neoadjuvant approach and evaluated its antitumor effect in a clinically relevant animal model of metastatic @entity0 . METHODS: 2*10(8) particles of a @entity3597 vector expressing interleukin-12 ( @entity3598 -IL-12) and/or 2*10(7) units of an aroC (-) @entity2491 (LVR01) were injected into 4T1 @entity5 nodules orthotopically implanted in @entity19 . @entity5 were surgically resected and long-term survival was determined. IL-12 and interferon-y were quantified by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, bacteria was visualized by inmunohistochemistry and the number of lung @entity3 was calculated with a clonogenic assay. RESULTS: @entity3598 -IL-12 and LVR01 timely inoculated and followed by surgical resection of @entity5 succeeded in complete inhibition of lethal lung @entity3 and long-term survival in 90% of treated @entity19 . The combined therapy was markedly synergistic compared to each treatment alone, since @entity3598 -IL-12 monotherapy showed a potent antiangiogenic effect, being able to inhibit @entity5 growth and extend survival, but could not prevent establishment of distant @entity3 and @entity204 of @entity5 -excised animals. On the other hand, LVR01 alone also showed a significant, although limited, antitumor potential, despite its ability to invade @entity0 cells and induce granulocyte recruitment. The efficacy of the combined therapy depended on the order in which both factors were administered; inasmuch the therapeutic effect was only observed when @entity3598 -IL-12 was administered previous to LVR01, whereas administration of LVR01 before @entity3598 -IL-12 had negligible antitumor activity. Moreover, pre-treatment with LVR01 seemed to suppress @entity3598 -IL-12 antiangiogenic effects associated to lower IL-12 expression in this group. Re-challenged @entity19 were unable to reject a second 4T1 @entity5 ; however 100% of them could be totally cured by applying the same neoadjuvant combined regimen. To our knowledge, these are the most encouraging results obtained to date in a post-operatory setting using the highly aggressive 4T1 animal model. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3598 -IL-12-based gene therapy combined with @entity2491 LVR01 neoadjuvant administration has a synergic antitumor effect and may be a promising therapeutic option to prevent and/or eradicate pre-operatory @entity3 in locally advanced @entity0 .

title: Neoadjuvant administration of @entity3597 expressing interleukin-12 combined with attenuated XXXX eradicates @entity0 @entity3 and achieves long-term survival in immunocompetent @entity19 .

answer: @entity2491 :: (90371,Species) :: ['Salmonella']


abstract: Baboon serum samples were resolved by starch gel electrophoresis and @entity2975 gradient gel electrophoresis and stained with @entity6201 substrates for esterase activity. An esterase that hydrolyzed @entity36434 in preference to @entity18617 was found in very high activities in some individuals but not others. It migrated just cathodal of the albumin band in starch gels. In @entity2975 gradient gels, it co-migrated with albumin and had an apparent molecular weight of approximately 65,000 daltons. Electrophoretic analysis by gel electrophoresis of random serum samples from male and female @entity6599 indicated that this esterase was present only in the sera of pregnant @entity6599 . Further investigation of serial samples collected from carefully monitored @entity6599 confirmed that the amount of activity of this esterase was correlated with stage of pregnancy. Therefore, it was named @entity27358 ( @entity27358 ). @entity27358 was detectable by gel electrophoresis and chromogenic staining techniques as early as day 30 of pregnancy; its activity gradually increased with progressive pregnancy and reached maximum activity near full term (182 days). Soon after parturition, the activity of @entity27358 decreased rapidly and was not detected in maternal sera by day 14 postpartum. No evidence of @entity27358 was detected in sera of pregnant @entity1 .

title: Pregnancy-associated esterase in sera of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity18617 :: ('MESH:C027876', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-naphthyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity36434 :: ('MESH:C029204', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-naphthyl butyrate']

entities_list: @entity6201 :: ('CHEBI:35682', 'Chemical') :: ['naphthol']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity27358 :: ('MESH:C566173', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pregnancy esterase']

answer: @entity6599 :: (9557,Species) :: ['baboons']


abstract: Nigrostriatal @entity935 (DA) neurons of the @entity1 midbrain play an important role in behavioral reactions. Their destruction in @entity191 @entity1 and experimentally lesioned animals leads to a reduction and slowing of movements as well as other motor, cognitive, and @entity51 . We tested the responses of DA neurons to somatosensory stimulation to gain insight into the nature of peripheral information reaching these neurons. Experiments were performed as repeated sessions in two anesthetized monkeys having chronically implanted recording chambers, thereby reducing the number of primates required for experimentation. Midbrain DA neurons were characterized by their histological location, by the form, duration, and frequency of extracellularly recorded, spontaneously occurring impulses, by antidromic activation from caudate and putamen, and by the reduction of impulse rate following systemic administration of low doses of the DA autoreceptor agonist @entity3826 . Half of the midbrain DA neurons (65 of 145 neurons, 45%) were antidromically activated from chronically implanted stimulating electrodes in caudate (35 neurons), putamen (47 neurons), or both structures (17 of them). Conduction velocities ranged from 0.7 to 2.5 m/s, with medians of 1.2 and 1.5 m/s for neurons projecting to caudate and putamen, respectively. Half of the midbrain DA neurons were @entity308 (72 of 140 neurons, 51%) and less than a quarter activated (24 of 140 neurons, 17%) by intense noxious pinch stimulation to the body surface. Innocuous, even intense, surface or deep somatosensory stimuli were ineffective. Pinch responses continued during the whole stimulating period of several seconds in most DA neurons. There was no response habituation during repeated stimulation. Convergence between spinal and trigeminal input and from both body sides was seen for virtually all noxious pinch responses. Thus DA neurons typically responded in the same direction to pinch stimulation of hand, foot, face, tail, and dorsum of both sides. Systemic administration of the DA receptor antagonist @entity1767 (0.33 or 0.50 mg/kg) strongly reduced pinch responses in all seven DA neurons tested. This provides evidence for an involvement of DAergic neurotransmission in the representation of exteroceptive input in the brain. The results show that midbrain DA neurons projecting to the striatum respond to noxious somatosensory input in the anesthetized monkey. The bilateral nontopographic nature of the responses does not support a role in precise stimulus recognition, rather it suggests a mechanism involved in basic neuronal processes underlying behavioral responsiveness.

title: Responses of nigrostriatal XXXX neurons to high-intensity somatosensory stimulation in the anesthetized monkey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinsonian']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motivational deficits']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 self-management (PSM) in adults is safer and more cost effective than conventional management. @entity1229 is a narrow therapeutic index drug with individual @entity1 response to changes and frequently a long-term therapy. @entity1 and their families are proposed to be able to effectively manage their @entity1 's @entity1229 therapy. Increased health related quality of life is highly associated with effective therapy in @entity1 with chronic conditions. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PSM over time including HRQOL and variables that may influence PFU success at PSM. @entity1 /METHODS: @entity1 and their family units (PFUs) current performing @entity1 self-testing/monitoring for >= 3months were enrolled in this cohort study. PFUs participated in comprehensive education on @entity1229 testing and management followed by an apprenticeship. Socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected to evaluate safety and efficacy and health related quality of life. Outcomes were compared between the first 6months on PSM (phase 1) and the last 6months data collected on PSM (phase 2). RESULTS: Forty-two @entity1 performed PSM for a median of 2.7years (range: 1.1-6.2years). Time in therapeutic range was 90% and 92.9% (p=0.30) in phases 1 and 2 respectively. All measures were strongly associated with improved heath related quality of life. PFUs socio-demographic status did not influence success at PSM. All PFUs maintained @entity1229 knowledge and INR testing competency. @entity1229 dosing decision errors median 0 (range: 0-5, p=0.73) and a median 0 (range 0-4, p=0.55) per @entity1 in phases 1 and 2 respectively. There were no adverse hemorrhagic or @entity715 events. CONCLUSIONS: Empowering PFUs to self-manage @entity1229 results in increased knowledge and understanding of their health condition, improved commitment to their health care and adherence to medication regimens and is demonstrated to be sustainable over time.

title: EMPoWARed: Edmonton pediatric XXXX self-management study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['Warfarin', 'warfarin']

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['warfarin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The place of opioids in the management of chronic, non- @entity5 @entity158 is limited. Even so their use is escalating, leading to concerns that @entity1 are prescribed strong opioids inappropriately and alternatives to medication are under-used. We aimed to understand the processes which bring about and perpetuate long-term prescribing of opioids for chronic, non- @entity5 @entity158 . METHODS: We held semi-structured interviews with @entity1 and focus groups with general practitioners (GPs). @entity1 included 23 @entity1 currently prescribed long-term opioids and 15 GPs from Leeds and Bradford, United Kingdom (UK). We used a grounded approach to the analysis of transcripts. RESULTS: @entity1 are driven by the needs for @entity158 relief, explanation, and improvement or maintenance of quality of life. GPs' responses are shaped by how UK general practice is organised, available therapeutic choices and their expertise in managing @entity1118 , especially when facing diagnostic uncertainty or when their own approach is at odds with the @entity1 's wishes. Four features of the resulting transaction between @entity1 and doctors influence prescribing: lack of clarity of strategy, including the risk of any plans being subverted by urgent demands; lack of certainty about locus of control in decision-making, especially in relation to prescribing; continuity in the doctor- @entity1 relationship; and mutuality and trust. CONCLUSIONS: Problematic prescribing occurs when @entity1 experience repeated consultations that do not meet their needs and GPs feel unable to negotiate alternative approaches to treatment. Therapeutic short-termism is perpetuated by inconsistent clinical encounters and the absence of mutually-agreed formulations of underlying problems and plans of action. Apart from commissioning improved access to appropriate specialist services, general practices should also consider how they manage problematic opioid prescribing and be prepared to set boundaries with @entity1 .

title: Understanding long-term opioid prescribing for non- @entity5 XXXX in primary care: a qualitative study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The place of opioids in the management of chronic, non- @entity5 @entity158 is limited. Even so their use is escalating, leading to concerns that @entity1 are prescribed strong opioids inappropriately and alternatives to medication are under-used. We aimed to understand the processes which bring about and perpetuate long-term prescribing of opioids for chronic, non- @entity5 @entity158 . METHODS: We held semi-structured interviews with @entity1 and focus groups with general practitioners (GPs). @entity1 included 23 @entity1 currently prescribed long-term opioids and 15 GPs from Leeds and Bradford, United Kingdom (UK). We used a grounded approach to the analysis of transcripts. RESULTS: @entity1 are driven by the needs for @entity158 relief, explanation, and improvement or maintenance of quality of life. GPs' responses are shaped by how UK general practice is organised, available therapeutic choices and their expertise in managing @entity1118 , especially when facing diagnostic uncertainty or when their own approach is at odds with the @entity1 's wishes. Four features of the resulting transaction between @entity1 and doctors influence prescribing: lack of clarity of strategy, including the risk of any plans being subverted by urgent demands; lack of certainty about locus of control in decision-making, especially in relation to prescribing; continuity in the doctor- @entity1 relationship; and mutuality and trust. CONCLUSIONS: Problematic prescribing occurs when @entity1 experience repeated consultations that do not meet their needs and GPs feel unable to negotiate alternative approaches to treatment. Therapeutic short-termism is perpetuated by inconsistent clinical encounters and the absence of mutually-agreed formulations of underlying problems and plans of action. Apart from commissioning improved access to appropriate specialist services, general practices should also consider how they manage problematic opioid prescribing and be prepared to set boundaries with @entity1 .

title: Understanding long-term opioid prescribing for non- XXXX @entity158 in primary care: a qualitative study.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity785 ( @entity785 ), chronic and uncontrolled overexpression of @entity35320 ( @entity35320 ) results in chaotic vessels, and intractable fingertip @entity1066 . Vice versa, @entity35320 is a potent mediator of angiogenesis if temporally and spatially controlled. We have addressed this therapeutic dilemma in @entity785 by a novel approach using a VEGF121 variant that covalently binds to fibrin and gets released on demand by cellular enzymatic activity. Using University of California at Davis (UCD)-206 @entity1573 , we tested the hypothesis that cell-demanded release of fibrin-bound VEGF121 leads to the formation of stable blood vessels, and clinical improvement of @entity75 . METHODS: Ninety-one early and late @entity272 of UCD-206 @entity1573 were treated locally with VEGF121-fibrin, fibrin alone, or left untreated. After 1   week of treatment the clinical outcome was assessed. Angiogenesis was studied by immunofluorescence staining of vascular markers quantitatively analysed using TissueQuest. RESULTS: Overall, 79.3% of the lesions treated with VEGF121-fibrin showed clinical improvement, whereas 71.0% of fibrin treated controls, and 93.1% of untreated lesions deteriorated. This was accompanied by significantly increased growth of stable microvessels, upregulation of the proangiogenic @entity35319 and its regulator @entity59257 , and increase of endogenous endothelial @entity35320 expression. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings in the avian model of @entity785 suggest that cell-demanded release of VEGF121 from fibrin matrix induces controlled angiogenesis by differential regulation of @entity46455 and @entity35319 expression, shifting the balance towards the proangiogenic @entity35319 . The study shows the potential of covalently conjugated @entity35320 -fibrin matrices for the therapy of @entity75 such as fingertip @entity1066 .

title: Efficient therapy of @entity75 with VEGF121-fibrin in an animal model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic lesions']

entities_list: @entity35320 :: ('395909(Tax:9031)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic comb and neck skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['SSc', 'systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity785 ( @entity785 ), chronic and uncontrolled overexpression of @entity35320 ( @entity35320 ) results in chaotic vessels, and intractable fingertip @entity1066 . Vice versa, @entity35320 is a potent mediator of angiogenesis if temporally and spatially controlled. We have addressed this therapeutic dilemma in @entity785 by a novel approach using a VEGF121 variant that covalently binds to fibrin and gets released on demand by cellular enzymatic activity. Using University of California at Davis (UCD)-206 @entity1573 , we tested the hypothesis that cell-demanded release of fibrin-bound VEGF121 leads to the formation of stable blood vessels, and clinical improvement of @entity75 . METHODS: Ninety-one early and late @entity272 of UCD-206 @entity1573 were treated locally with VEGF121-fibrin, fibrin alone, or left untreated. After 1   week of treatment the clinical outcome was assessed. Angiogenesis was studied by immunofluorescence staining of vascular markers quantitatively analysed using TissueQuest. RESULTS: Overall, 79.3% of the lesions treated with VEGF121-fibrin showed clinical improvement, whereas 71.0% of fibrin treated controls, and 93.1% of untreated lesions deteriorated. This was accompanied by significantly increased growth of stable microvessels, upregulation of the proangiogenic @entity35319 and its regulator @entity59257 , and increase of endogenous endothelial @entity35320 expression. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings in the avian model of @entity785 suggest that cell-demanded release of VEGF121 from fibrin matrix induces controlled angiogenesis by differential regulation of @entity46455 and @entity35319 expression, shifting the balance towards the proangiogenic @entity35319 . The study shows the potential of covalently conjugated @entity35320 -fibrin matrices for the therapy of @entity75 such as fingertip @entity1066 .

title: Efficient therapy of XXXX with VEGF121-fibrin in an animal model of @entity785 .

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['ischaemic lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical outcomes between the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), autologous blood (AB) and corticosteroid (CS) injection in @entity2633 are still controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted with the aim of comparing relevant clinical outcomes between the use of PRP, AB and CS injection. Medline and Scopus databases were searched from inception to January 2015. A network meta-analysis was performed by applying weight regression for continuous outcomes and a mixed-effect Poisson regression for dichotomous outcomes. RESULTS: Ten of 374 identified studies were eligible. When compared to CS, AB injection showed significantly improved effects with unstandardized mean differences (UMD) in @entity158 visual analog scale (VAS), Disabilities of Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH), @entity1 -Related @entity2633 (PRTEE) score and pressure @entity158 threshold (PPT) of -2.5 (95  % confidence interval, -3.5, -1.5), -25.5 (-33.8, -17.2), -5.3 (-9.1, -1.6) and 9.9 (5.6, 14.2), respectively. PRP injections also showed significantly improved VAS and DASH scores when compared with CS. PRP showed significantly better VAS with UMD when compared to AB injection. AB injection has a higher risk of adverse effects, with a relative risk of 1.78 (1.00, 3.17), when compared to CS. The network meta-analysis suggested no statistically significant difference in multiple active treatment comparisons of VAS, DASH and PRTEE when comparing PRP and AB injections. However, AB injection had improved DASH score and PPT when compared with PRP injection. In terms of adverse effects, AB injection had a higher risk than PRP injection. CONCLUSIONS: This network meta-analysis provided additional information that PRP injection can improve @entity158 and lower the risk of complications, whereas AB injection can improve @entity158 , disabilities scores and pressure @entity158 threshold but has a higher risk of complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I evidence.

title: Platelet-rich plasma versus autologous blood versus steroid injection in XXXX : systematic review and network meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity2633 :: ('MESH:D013716', 'Disease') :: ['Tennis Elbow Evaluation', 'lateral epicondylitis']

answer: @entity2633 :: (MESH:D013716,Disease) :: ['lateral epicondylitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity18736 and @entity72209 play a critical yet poorly understood role in orchestrating the recruitment and activation of effector cells of the asthmatic response and driving the pathophysiology of @entity56 . The @entity6711 ( @entity6711 ) @entity742 @entity565 model displays many features of the @entity1 condition and is an ideal model to further elucidate the involvement of these critical Th2 cytokines. We hypothesized that airway exposure to @entity6711 allergen would induce or elevate the expression profile of @entity18736 and @entity72209 during the allergic airway response in this large animal model of @entity565 . METHODS: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were collected from saline-  and @entity6711 ( @entity6711 )-  challenged lung lobes of sensitized @entity742 from 0 to 48  h post-challenge. BAL cytokines ( @entity18736 , @entity72209 , @entity18730 , @entity71864 , @entity18734 ) were each measured by ELISA. @entity18736 and @entity72209 expression was assessed in BAL leukocytes by flow cytometry and in airway tissue sections by immunohistology. RESULTS: @entity18736 and @entity72209 were increased in BAL samples following airway allergen challenge. @entity6711 challenge resulted in a significant increase in BAL @entity18736 levels at 4  h compared to saline-challenged airways, while BAL @entity72209 levels were elevated at all time-points after allergen challenge. @entity18730 levels were maintained following @entity6711 challenge but declined after saline challenge, while @entity6711 administration resulted in an acute elevation in @entity71864 at 4  h but no change in @entity18734 levels over time. Lymphocytes were the main early source of @entity18736 , with @entity18736 release by alveolar macrophages (AMs) prominent from 24  h post-allergen challenge. @entity72209 producing AMs were increased at 4 and 24  h following @entity6711 compared to saline challenge, and tissue staining provided evidence of @entity72209 expression in airway epithelium as well as immune cells in airway tissue. CONCLUSION: In a @entity742 model of @entity56 , airway @entity32 is accompanied by the temporal release of key cytokines following allergen exposure that primarily reflects the Th2-driven nature of the immune response in @entity565 . The present study demonstrates for the first time the involvement of @entity18736 and @entity72209 in a relevant large animal model of @entity56 .

title: Dynamics of @entity18736 and @entity72209 expression in the airways of XXXX following allergen challenge.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic airways disease', 'allergic asthma']

entities_list: @entity6711 :: ('MESH:D008924', 'Disease') :: ['HDM', 'house dust mite']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity18736 and @entity72209 play a critical yet poorly understood role in orchestrating the recruitment and activation of effector cells of the asthmatic response and driving the pathophysiology of @entity56 . The @entity6711 ( @entity6711 ) @entity742 @entity565 model displays many features of the @entity1 condition and is an ideal model to further elucidate the involvement of these critical Th2 cytokines. We hypothesized that airway exposure to @entity6711 allergen would induce or elevate the expression profile of @entity18736 and @entity72209 during the allergic airway response in this large animal model of @entity565 . METHODS: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were collected from saline-  and @entity6711 ( @entity6711 )-  challenged lung lobes of sensitized @entity742 from 0 to 48  h post-challenge. BAL cytokines ( @entity18736 , @entity72209 , @entity18730 , @entity71864 , @entity18734 ) were each measured by ELISA. @entity18736 and @entity72209 expression was assessed in BAL leukocytes by flow cytometry and in airway tissue sections by immunohistology. RESULTS: @entity18736 and @entity72209 were increased in BAL samples following airway allergen challenge. @entity6711 challenge resulted in a significant increase in BAL @entity18736 levels at 4  h compared to saline-challenged airways, while BAL @entity72209 levels were elevated at all time-points after allergen challenge. @entity18730 levels were maintained following @entity6711 challenge but declined after saline challenge, while @entity6711 administration resulted in an acute elevation in @entity71864 at 4  h but no change in @entity18734 levels over time. Lymphocytes were the main early source of @entity18736 , with @entity18736 release by alveolar macrophages (AMs) prominent from 24  h post-allergen challenge. @entity72209 producing AMs were increased at 4 and 24  h following @entity6711 compared to saline challenge, and tissue staining provided evidence of @entity72209 expression in airway epithelium as well as immune cells in airway tissue. CONCLUSION: In a @entity742 model of @entity56 , airway @entity32 is accompanied by the temporal release of key cytokines following allergen exposure that primarily reflects the Th2-driven nature of the immune response in @entity565 . The present study demonstrates for the first time the involvement of @entity18736 and @entity72209 in a relevant large animal model of @entity56 .

title: Dynamics of @entity18736 and XXXX expression in the airways of @entity742 following allergen challenge.

answer: @entity72209 :: (664707(Tax:9940),Gene) :: ['IL-13']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity18736 and @entity72209 play a critical yet poorly understood role in orchestrating the recruitment and activation of effector cells of the asthmatic response and driving the pathophysiology of @entity56 . The @entity6711 ( @entity6711 ) @entity742 @entity565 model displays many features of the @entity1 condition and is an ideal model to further elucidate the involvement of these critical Th2 cytokines. We hypothesized that airway exposure to @entity6711 allergen would induce or elevate the expression profile of @entity18736 and @entity72209 during the allergic airway response in this large animal model of @entity565 . METHODS: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were collected from saline-  and @entity6711 ( @entity6711 )-  challenged lung lobes of sensitized @entity742 from 0 to 48  h post-challenge. BAL cytokines ( @entity18736 , @entity72209 , @entity18730 , @entity71864 , @entity18734 ) were each measured by ELISA. @entity18736 and @entity72209 expression was assessed in BAL leukocytes by flow cytometry and in airway tissue sections by immunohistology. RESULTS: @entity18736 and @entity72209 were increased in BAL samples following airway allergen challenge. @entity6711 challenge resulted in a significant increase in BAL @entity18736 levels at 4  h compared to saline-challenged airways, while BAL @entity72209 levels were elevated at all time-points after allergen challenge. @entity18730 levels were maintained following @entity6711 challenge but declined after saline challenge, while @entity6711 administration resulted in an acute elevation in @entity71864 at 4  h but no change in @entity18734 levels over time. Lymphocytes were the main early source of @entity18736 , with @entity18736 release by alveolar macrophages (AMs) prominent from 24  h post-allergen challenge. @entity72209 producing AMs were increased at 4 and 24  h following @entity6711 compared to saline challenge, and tissue staining provided evidence of @entity72209 expression in airway epithelium as well as immune cells in airway tissue. CONCLUSION: In a @entity742 model of @entity56 , airway @entity32 is accompanied by the temporal release of key cytokines following allergen exposure that primarily reflects the Th2-driven nature of the immune response in @entity565 . The present study demonstrates for the first time the involvement of @entity18736 and @entity72209 in a relevant large animal model of @entity56 .

title: Dynamics of XXXX and @entity72209 expression in the airways of @entity742 following allergen challenge.

answer: @entity18736 :: (101122781,Gene) :: ['IL-4']


abstract: @entity438 are a pathological vessel dilatation that bear a high risk of @entity397 . For the understanding and evaluation of the risk of @entity397 , the analysis of hemodynamic information plays an important role. Besides quantitative hemodynamic information, also qualitative flow characteristics, e.g., the inflow jet and impingement zone are correlated with the risk of @entity397 . However, the assessment of these two characteristics is currently based on an interactive visual investigation of the flow field, obtained by @entity5173 ( @entity5173 ) or blood flow measurements. We present an automatic and robust detection as well as an expressive visualization of these characteristics. The detection can be used to support a comparison, e.g., of simulation results reflecting different treatment options. Our approach utilizes local streamline properties to formalize the inflow jet and impingement zone. We extract a characteristic seeding curve on the ostium, on which an inflow jet boundary contour is constructed. Based on this boundary contour we identify the impingement zone. Furthermore, we present several visualization techniques to depict both characteristics expressively. Thereby, we consider accuracy and robustness of the extracted characteristics, minimal visual clutter and occlusions. An evaluation with six domain experts confirms that our approach detects both hemodynamic characteristics reasonably.

title: Automatic Detection and Visualization of Qualitative Hemodynamic Characteristics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['computational fluid dynamics', 'CFD']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebral aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Cerebral Aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The concept of salvage pulmonary resection after definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) is not yet commonly accepted in @entity2 treatment. We report our experience of eight @entity1 in whom we performed salvage pulmonary resection for @entity66 or isolated locoregional recurrence detected after dCRT. METHODS: Between 2005 and 2014, we performed salvage pulmonary resection for eight @entity1 with N2 Stage-IIIA @entity1149 . The @entity1 had initially received dCRT (radiation  <=   60  Gy), but eventually underwent pulmonary resection with curative intent for @entity66 or isolated locoregional recurrence. The postoperative complications, incidence of recurrence, and survival parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: Salvage pulmonary resection was performed in four @entity1 with @entity66 and four @entity1 with locoregional recurrence. Complete resection was successfully performed in all eight @entity1 . @entity260 were observed in three @entity1 , however, there were no postoperative mortalities. One @entity1 developed local recurrence in a mediastinal lymph node and two @entity1 died. Of the two fatalities, one was related to @entity2 . The estimated 5-year survival rate of the eight @entity1 was 75.0%. CONCLUSION: We report our experience of salvage pulmonary resection performed for @entity66 or isolated locoregional recurrence diagnosed after dCRT in eight @entity1 with locally advanced @entity2 . Although the @entity260 rate was high, the survival data were favorable. A larger study is needed to confirm the safety and feasibility of salvage pulmonary resection after dCRT.

title: Eight cases of salvage pulmonary resection for XXXX or isolated local recurrence detected after definitive chemoradiotherapy for N2 Stage-IIIA lung cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications', 'postoperative complication']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['residual disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The inflammatory process plays an important role in @entity599 mustard ( @entity2033 ) injury and @entity2033 pathogenesis, suggesting that anti-inflammatory treatments applied as soon as possible following @entity130 may reduce tissue damage and accelerate healing. This study used the @entity2033 dermal weanling @entity1707 model to investigate the efficacy of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, @entity2951 and @entity3522 , when applied in combination with the @entity479 , @entity6914 . The therapeutic regimen was also investigated with respect to initiation of treatment post-exposure, frequency and duration. Yorkshire-cross @entity1707 were randomly assigned to experimental groups, corresponding to all combinations of treatment ( @entity2951 with @entity6914 or @entity3522 with @entity6914 ), onset time (1, 2 or 4   h post-exposure), treatment duration (1, 3 or 5 days) and frequency of applications (2, 3 or 4 per day). For each animal, two sites on the ventral abdomen were exposed to 400    L of neat @entity2033 for 8   min to achieve superficial dermal (SD) lesions and two sites were exposed to 400    L neat @entity2033 for 30   min to achieve deep @entity7674 . Each treatment regimen was tested against a SD and a @entity130 . Untreated SD and @entity2632 lesion sites served as within-animal controls. Assessments, up to one week post-challenge, included digital photographs, clinical assessments (lesion size measurements and modified Draize scoring), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), reflectance colorimetry and histopathologic evaluations that included an estimate for @entity130 and wound healing parameters. @entity3522 plus @entity6914 treatment resulted in significant reductions in lesion contracture and modified Draize scores, increased barrier function (decreased TEWL), and increased healing as determined by histopathology for both SD and @entity130 when compared with untreated sites and sites treated with @entity2951 plus @entity6914 . An increased duration of treatment from 1 to 5 days was most commonly associated with decreased clinical assessment and histopathological severity scores. Therefore, a combination of @entity3522 and @entity6914 application, when administered for at least five days, shows promise in ameliorating @entity2033 -induced lesions.

title: Selection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and treatment regimen for XXXX mustard-induced cutaneous lesions.

entities_list: @entity7674 :: ('MESH:D016136', 'Disease') :: ['dermal (DD) lesions']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac', 'Diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity6914 :: ('MESH:D002990', 'Chemical') :: ['clobetasol']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['depth of injury', 'HD injury', 'DD injury']

answer: @entity599 :: (MESH:D013455,Chemical) :: ['sulfur']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In a context of resurgent syphilis in France since 2000, we conducted a retrospective study in two different centres in Montpellier, France: the dermatology department of a public hospital and an anonymous and free centre for provision of information, diagnosis and treatment of @entity2953 (CDAG-CIDDIST). @entity1 AND METHODS: All @entity1 with syphilis seen from January 2002 to December 2011 were included with the collaboration of the National Health Institute (InVS) and the Bacteriology Department of the public hospital. Epidemiology, clinical presentation, serological data, and treatment and monitoring data for up to 2 years were recorded. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy-five cases of syphilis were diagnosed: 154 at the CDAG and 21 at the dermatology unit. Ninety-six percent of cases concerned @entity1 with a median age of 36 years. Eighty-two percent of these cases involved @entity1 having sex with @entity1 (MSM). Forty-nine percent of cases were diagnosed in the secondary stage, 22% in the primary stage and 28% in the latent stage. The treatment administered in the majority of cases (73%) was @entity9385 - @entity3397 . The numbers of @entity1 showing incomplete follow-up were equal at both centres, with 31 @entity1 (17.7%) failing to attend the follow-up visit. A decrease of at least 2 dilutions in VDRL score occurred in the year following treatment for 93 of 103 @entity1 (90%). @entity1 managed at the dermatology department were older than their counterparts managed at the CDAG and exhibited more frequent cutaneous eruptions (58% vs. 3%, P<0.0001) but were less frequently bisexual. However, no significant differences were seen concerning sex and associated @entity281 ( @entity99 , @entity2954 , HPV or herpes). DISCUSSION: Syphilis is on the rise, especially in the MSM population. The epidemiological characteristics of our cohort were consistent with those of other Western European countries. Although the reasons for consultation differed between CDAG/CIDDIST and the dermatology department, the two centres are complementary. @entity9385 - @entity3397 was the most commonly used treatment, in accordance with the recommendations. Measures must be introduced to improve @entity1 monitoring without compromising anonymity.

title: [Syphilis in Montpellier, France, from 2002 to 2011: Survey in a free hospital screening centre for XXXX and in the dermatology unit of a regional public hospital].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2954 :: ('MESH:D006069', 'Disease') :: ['gonococcal infection']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['venereal diseases']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity9385 :: ('MESH:C010044', 'Chemical') :: ['benzathine', 'Benzathine']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

answer: @entity2953 :: (MESH:D012749,Disease) :: ['venereal disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Gene regulatory networks account for the delicate mechanisms that control gene expression. Under certain circumstances, gene regulatory programs may give rise to amplification cascades. Such transcriptional cascades are events in which activation of key-responsive transcription factors called master regulators trigger a series of gene expression events. The action of transcriptional master regulators is then important for the establishment of certain programs like cell development and differentiation. However, such cascades have also been related with the onset and maintenance of @entity5 phenotypes. Here we present a systematic implementation of a series of algorithms aimed at the inference of a gene regulatory network and analysis of transcriptional master regulators in the context of primary @entity0 cells. Such studies were performed in a highly curated database of 880 microarray gene expression experiments on biopsy-captured tissue corresponding to primary @entity0 and healthy controls. Biological function and biochemical pathway enrichment analyses were also performed to study the role that the processes controlled - at the transcriptional level - by such master regulators may have in relation to primary @entity0 . We found that transcription factors such as @entity19496 , @entity72210 , @entity6293 and others are master regulators in this gene regulatory network. Sets of genes controlled by these regulators are involved in processes that are well-known hallmarks of @entity5 . This kind of analyses may help to understand the most upstream events in the development of phenotypes, in particular, those regarding @entity5 biology.

title: Transcriptional master regulator analysis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer genetic networks']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity697 is one of the most common emergency requiring operation. As the first discovered coagulation factor, plasma @entity2002 frequently increases with @entity32 due to the activation of coagulation. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the diagnostic value of hyperfibrinogenemia as a preoperative laboratory marker for appendiceal perforation in @entity1 with @entity697 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 455 @entity1 (202 females, 253 males; mean age, 31.7 years) with histologically confirmed @entity697 who underwent laparoscopic or open appendectomy. Results of preoperative laboratory values and post-operative histologic results were analysed retrospectively. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to determine @entity1 's age and laboratory tests associated with @entity698 . RESULT: Mean plasma @entity2002 level of all @entity1 was 3.99   g/L (1.41 SD; range, 1.73-10.6   g/L; median, 3.69   g/L). @entity1 with appendiceal perforation had a mean @entity2002 level of 5.72   g/L (1.52 SD; range, 3.38-10.04   g/L; median, 5.28   g/L), which was significantly higher than those with nonperforated groups (P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed @entity2002 and D-dimer were associated with perforation (P = 0.001, P = 0.014, respectively). Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of @entity2002 for discriminating @entity698 from non-perforated groups were larger than white blood cell and D-dimer. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperfibrinogenemia was common in @entity1 with @entity697 and @entity2002 may be useful as a predictive factor for appendiceal perforation.

title: Diagnostic value of hyperfibrinogenemia as a predictive factor for appendiceal perforation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['Acute appendicitis', 'acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['perforated appendicitis', 'acute perforated appendicitis']

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute appendicitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the adverse events (AEs) significantly associated with @entity4677 ( @entity29279 ) therapy through a meta-analysis of all available double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs), performed in any age, gender, ethnic background and disease. General tolerability and study withdrawals due to AEs associated with @entity29279 treatment were also investigated. In addition, a dose-effect responses relationship for all variables was assessed. METHODS: RCTs were identified searching Medline (PubMed), Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL for the words " @entity4677 " and "randomized controlled trial", with different search strategies, setting the limits " @entity1 " and "English". Very common and common AEs according to the summary of product characteristics were investigated. RevMan version 5.2 was used for the statistical analyses. Risk difference with 95% confidence intervals was used to investigate the association of any AEs and withdrawal with @entity29279 . RESULTS: Twenty-six studies with 2832 @entity1 were included in the RCTs analysis. @entity11266 , @entity2147 , dizziness, nervousness/ @entity146 and @entity1395 / @entity1295 were statistically significant associated with @entity29279 . In addition, @entity29279 was significantly associated with an increased risk of AEs-related withdrawals. No dose-response relationship was found for any of the assessed variables. CONCLUSIONS: This first large meta-analysis suggests that @entity1 were more likely to discontinue @entity29279 than placebo. The AE profile confirmed that @entity29279 is associated with few unfavorable sedative, vestibulocerebellar and behavioral effects, such as nervousness and @entity146 . However, there does not seem to be a clear dose-response relationship.

title: The adverse event profile of XXXX : A meta-analysis on @entity1 and adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4677 :: ('MESH:C026098', 'Chemical') :: ['levetiracetam', 'Levetiracetam']

entities_list: @entity11266 :: ('MESH:D009304', 'Disease') :: ['Nasopharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['somnolence']

answer: @entity4677 :: (MESH:C026098,Chemical) :: ['levetiracetam']


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the adverse events (AEs) significantly associated with @entity4677 ( @entity29279 ) therapy through a meta-analysis of all available double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs), performed in any age, gender, ethnic background and disease. General tolerability and study withdrawals due to AEs associated with @entity29279 treatment were also investigated. In addition, a dose-effect responses relationship for all variables was assessed. METHODS: RCTs were identified searching Medline (PubMed), Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL for the words " @entity4677 " and "randomized controlled trial", with different search strategies, setting the limits " @entity1 " and "English". Very common and common AEs according to the summary of product characteristics were investigated. RevMan version 5.2 was used for the statistical analyses. Risk difference with 95% confidence intervals was used to investigate the association of any AEs and withdrawal with @entity29279 . RESULTS: Twenty-six studies with 2832 @entity1 were included in the RCTs analysis. @entity11266 , @entity2147 , dizziness, nervousness/ @entity146 and @entity1395 / @entity1295 were statistically significant associated with @entity29279 . In addition, @entity29279 was significantly associated with an increased risk of AEs-related withdrawals. No dose-response relationship was found for any of the assessed variables. CONCLUSIONS: This first large meta-analysis suggests that @entity1 were more likely to discontinue @entity29279 than placebo. The AE profile confirmed that @entity29279 is associated with few unfavorable sedative, vestibulocerebellar and behavioral effects, such as nervousness and @entity146 . However, there does not seem to be a clear dose-response relationship.

title: The adverse event profile of @entity4677 : A meta-analysis on XXXX and adults.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: We report a case of progressive @entity1576 secondary to primary @entity299 masquerading as @entity358 . An 18-year-old female presented to our hospital emergency department with progressive cough, @entity1353 , and hemoptysis. She was treated for primary @entity358 without improvement and had @entity1576 with endotracheal intubation by the third hospital day. An "intermediate" plasma brain natriuretic protein ( @entity3876 ) of 216   pg/mL did not raise concerns about a @entity712 diagnosis and may have delayed the correct diagnosis. Computed tomography of the chest with intravenous contrast was performed on the fifth hospital day and revealed a cardiac mass. A transthoracic echocardiogram confirmed a large left atrial mass that was obstructing mitral inflow. She was transferred to a tertiary center for emergency cardiac surgery. Primary @entity4617 are a rare and treatable cause of @entity712 in adolescent and young adult @entity1 . Presentation can be confused with @entity358 and must be suspected early. Plasma @entity3876 cutoff levels used in the adult population should not be extrapolated to adolescents, as levels, both normal and abnormal, are significantly lower in this group of @entity1 .

title: XXXX in an Adolescent with Primary @entity299 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tumors']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung infection', 'primary lung disease']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac sarcoma']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['Respiratory Failure']