abstract: The @entity378 Control Program began its reorganization in 1979, when the Honduran Ministry of Public Health designated @entity378 as one of its priority problems. Administrative and logisitical problems faced by the program were exacerbated by the public's negative image of the disease and the consequent rejection of anything related to it, including medical diagnosis and treatment. A baseline investigation was carried out to determine the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of the public, @entity1 and @entity1 ' relatives regarding @entity378 ( @entity378 ). Sampled were 361 healthy adults, 75 @entity378 @entity1 , 55 relatives of @entity1 , 20 health personnel, 12 nurses in 12 health centers, and 3 epidemiologists. Data was gathered using surveys (healthy population), focus groups (healthy population, @entity1 ) unstructured interviews (relatives, health personnel, nurses and epidemiologists) and focused interviews (relatives). The investigation confirmed the existence of social rejection toward @entity378 . The disease is considered quite contagious, and is associated with extreme poverty, filth and @entity3147 . The @entity1 stated that this rejection is 1 of the greatest burdens of their disease; they considered themselves a danger to others and expressed feelings of guilt. The most recognized symptom was coughing and expectoration. A @entity1 with a persistent cough does not however, want to think of @entity378 , except as a very remote possibility. Health personnel also fail to perceive a persistent cough as a respiratory symptom and possible indicator of @entity378 . Cough syrups and bronchial decongestants are the most widely distributed medicines in rural health centers. Both the @entity1 and the general population queried knew that @entity378 is curable, although they doubted that the @entity1 could recover his/her full health. @entity1 ' fear was that the long period of treatment would inevitably lead to their neighbors discovering that they had the disease and rejecting them. The health system's capacity to diagnose and treat @entity378 was also analyzed. Several problems were detected in the diagnosis of respiratory cases, e.g., difficulties leading to long delays in the collection and analysis of sputum samples and in the subsequent reporting of the findings. Moreover, instructions given to the @entity1 are quite vague as to exactly what quality sputum is needed and how best to obtain it. These problems affect the number of @entity1 who are diagnosed and treated, but seem to have little bearing on those already being treated. An education campaign was prepared based on these findings. Its goals were toinform the population at large that @entity378 @entity1 no longer transmit the disease, that they can be completely cured if treatment is begun promptly, and that a persistent cough lasting for more than 15 days may be a symptom. A pamphlet has been developed to better educate the @entity1 and their relatives. It is concluded that an understanding of and familiarity with the client's perspective can help educational programmers identify exactly which facts or opinions must be reinforced or modified so that beneficial health services are utilized.

title: Integrating the client's perspective in planning a XXXX education and treatment program in Honduras.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis', 'TB', 'tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4091 ( @entity4091 ) is a @entity158 condition that can have a substantial negative impact on @entity1 ' lives. However, UK-specific data on the debilitating impact of @entity4091 , in terms of @entity1 ' experience of @entity158 and impairments in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) are limited. The Zoster Quality of Life (ZQOL) study, a large-scale UK cross-sectional study, was conducted to quantify the burden of @entity4091 in UK @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 229 @entity4091 @entity1 aged 50 years or over were recruited from primary and secondary/tertiary care centres throughout the UK. @entity1 completed a battery of validated questionnaires, including the @entity158 Inventory (ZBPI), the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and the EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) on initial presentation to the doctor and again 7-14 days later. At follow-up @entity1 also completed the Treatment Satisfaction with Medication (TSQM) questionnaire. Where available, mean questionnaire scores in the @entity4091 population were compared to scores for age-matched norms to investigate the burden associated with @entity4091 . RESULTS: @entity158 was prominent among @entity1 , with 57.9% at the initial study visit reporting @entity158 in the preceding 24 hours at levels typically considered to have a significant impact on HRQoL (i.e. ZBPI worst @entity158 >=  5). This was reflected in SF-36 and EQ-5D scores that were significantly lower for @entity1 when compared to age-matched norms (p < 0.05) - except for the SF-36 domain of physical functioning. HRQoL was inversely associated with levels of reported @entity158 , with those @entity1 in the greatest amount of @entity158 reporting the greatest HRQoL impact. However, there was no association between @entity158 severity and @entity1 age. The majority of @entity1 (69.4%) received antivirals within 72 hours of @entity1910 appearing and 69.9% of @entity1 were also taking analgesics for the management of @entity158 . TSQM scores indicated that @entity1 were least satisfied with the effectiveness of their prescribed treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The acute presentation of @entity4091 is a @entity158 experience that can have a significant impact on the physical and mental wellbeing of sufferers. Findings highlight significant unmet need among @entity1 , particularly in terms of the effectiveness of therapies for the management of @entity4091 .

title: XXXX in the UK: findings from the zoster quality of life (ZQOL) study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'Zoster Brief Pain', 'pain', 'HZ pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity4091 :: ('MESH:D006562', 'Disease') :: ['HZ', 'Herpes zoster']

answer: @entity4091 :: (MESH:D006562,Disease) :: ['Burden of herpes zoster']


abstract: A 78-year-old @entity1 presented to hospital with new onset @entity911 and fever. The working diagnosis was of @entity933 due to an infection of unknown source, and empirical i.v. antibiotic treatment was given. Two days later, he deteriorated and developed clinical features in keeping with a total anterior circulation @entity64 . Brain imaging was unremarkable. Blood cultures grew an organism subsequently identified as Facklamia languida. Following treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, his condition improved. A diagnosis of @entity295 , leading to presumed (unwitnessed) @entity410 and Todd's paresis was made. The @entity1 went on to make a full recovery and was discharged home. @entity64 mimics are common and may be eminently treatable. Around a quarter of @entity1 initially suspected to have a @entity64 are subsequently found to have an alternative diagnosis.

title: A very unusual organism causing XXXX -like symptoms.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['F. languida septicaemia']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity547 represent a formidable surgical challenge. Several comprehensive @entity547 centers, including ours, with advanced expertise have recently emerged across the country. However, the effects of tertiary specialization remain largely unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of developing a comprehensive @entity547 center on the referral patterns and costs of @entity1 with @entity547 . METHODS: A prospectively maintained database was used to identify all @entity1 undergoing open @entity4037 repair (VHR) between 2006 and 2013 at the Case @entity547 . @entity1 were separated into two groups by @entity10688 code: those traveling either <25 or >100 miles. Demographics, operative characteristics, length of stay and costs data were analyzed. RESULTS: Of all @entity1 who underwent open VHR during the study period, 287 met the inclusion criteria. @entity547 , width and area were all significantly larger for @entity1 traveling >100 miles (P  <  0.01 for all). These @entity1 were also more likely to have active mesh infections (OR 3.57) and non-healing wounds (OR 5.00) when compared with local @entity1 . Length of hospital stay was significantly longer for @entity1 traveling >100 miles compared to those traveling <25 miles (9.7 vs. 6.8; P  <  0.0001). Surgical site occurrence, @entity281 and @entity547 recurrence rates were similar between the two groups during the follow-up period. @entity1 who traveled >100 miles incurred significantly higher fixed direct and variable direct costs compared to those who traveled <25 miles (P  <  0.05 for both). CONCLUSION: The development of a comprehensive @entity547 center results in centralization of complex @entity547 care. @entity1 traveling >100 miles for @entity4037 repair have significantly larger and more @entity547 . The implications for improved @entity1 outcomes and potential reimbursement issues for providing this care should be carefully evaluated.

title: The impact of developing a comprehensive @entity547 center on the referral patterns and complexity of XXXX care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['hernia', 'Complex hernia repairs', 'Comprehensive Hernia Center', 'Hernia length', 'complex hernias']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia']

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['hernia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity547 represent a formidable surgical challenge. Several comprehensive @entity547 centers, including ours, with advanced expertise have recently emerged across the country. However, the effects of tertiary specialization remain largely unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of developing a comprehensive @entity547 center on the referral patterns and costs of @entity1 with @entity547 . METHODS: A prospectively maintained database was used to identify all @entity1 undergoing open @entity4037 repair (VHR) between 2006 and 2013 at the Case @entity547 . @entity1 were separated into two groups by @entity10688 code: those traveling either <25 or >100 miles. Demographics, operative characteristics, length of stay and costs data were analyzed. RESULTS: Of all @entity1 who underwent open VHR during the study period, 287 met the inclusion criteria. @entity547 , width and area were all significantly larger for @entity1 traveling >100 miles (P  <  0.01 for all). These @entity1 were also more likely to have active mesh infections (OR 3.57) and non-healing wounds (OR 5.00) when compared with local @entity1 . Length of hospital stay was significantly longer for @entity1 traveling >100 miles compared to those traveling <25 miles (9.7 vs. 6.8; P  <  0.0001). Surgical site occurrence, @entity281 and @entity547 recurrence rates were similar between the two groups during the follow-up period. @entity1 who traveled >100 miles incurred significantly higher fixed direct and variable direct costs compared to those who traveled <25 miles (P  <  0.05 for both). CONCLUSION: The development of a comprehensive @entity547 center results in centralization of complex @entity547 care. @entity1 traveling >100 miles for @entity4037 repair have significantly larger and more @entity547 . The implications for improved @entity1 outcomes and potential reimbursement issues for providing this care should be carefully evaluated.

title: The impact of developing a comprehensive XXXX center on the referral patterns and complexity of @entity547 care.

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['hernia']


abstract: A rich Haitian ethnopsychology has been described, detailing concepts of personhood, explanatory models of illness, and links between mind and body. However, little research has engaged explicitly with @entity1032 , and that which does focuses on the Krey  l term fou (madness), a term that psychiatrists associate with @entity161 and @entity914 . More work is needed to characterize potential forms of mild-to-moderate @entity1032 . Idioms of distress provide a promising avenue for exploring common @entity146 . Working in @entity6220 , we aimed to identify idioms of distress that represent cultural syndromes. We used ethnographic and epidemiologic methods to explore the idiom of distress reflechi tw  p (thinking too much). This syndrome is characterized by troubled rumination at the intersection of sadness, severe @entity146 , suicide, and social and structural hardship. @entity1 with "thinking too much" have greater scores on the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory. "Thinking too much" is associated with 8 times greater odds of suicidal ideation. Untreated "thinking too much" is sometimes perceived to lead to @entity716 . Recognizing and understanding "thinking too much" may allow early clinical recognition and interventions to reduce long-term psychosocial suffering in @entity6220 .

title: Reflechi tw  p--thinking too much: description of a cultural syndrome in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ["Haiti's Central Plateau"]

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders', 'mental disorder']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['other psychoses']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity6220 :: (MESH:D020279,Disease) :: ['Haiti's Central Plateau']


abstract: The objective of this study was designed to test whether supplementation of the diet with @entity369 ( @entity534 ) or @entity1160 ( @entity7647 ) or their combination influences the production, organ weights and humoral immune response of broilers. A total of 432 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler @entity1573 were divided into 6 treatment groups: control, @entity534 -0.5%, @entity534 -1%, @entity7647 -0.5%, @entity7647 -1% and @entity534 -0.5%+ @entity7647 -0.5%. Drinking water and feed were provided ad libitum. On day 18 of the experiment 50% of @entity1573 in each treatment group were immunised with bovine serum albumin. Ten and 21 days after immunisation blood samples were collected to determine the anti-albumin IgY titre, @entity17021 ( @entity17021 ) and @entity24511 ( @entity24511 ) and to measure the weight of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus. @entity534 or @entity7647 supplementation of the diets influenced neither the production nor the organ weights until 18 days of age. Between 18 and 39 days of age both @entity534 (0.5% and 1%) and @entity534 + @entity7647 supplementation improved the feed conversion ratio ( @entity6780 ) by 3.7%, 6.3% and 4.9%, respectively, while @entity7647 -1% worsened it by 15%. Immunisation slightly (-0.79%) depressed the body weight gain of broilers fed the control diet, which was significantly improved by both @entity534 (0.5 or 1%) and @entity534 + @entity7647 supplementation. Immunisation increased the weight of the spleen, bursa and thymus and decreased that of the liver. Supplementation with 1% @entity7647 depressed (-5.13%) the body weight gain of the immunised @entity1573 but strongly stimulated the immune response. Supplementations with @entity534 and @entity7647 did not influence the @entity17021 and @entity24511 level of the blood; however, on day 10 after immunisation these two parameters showed a negative correlation with each other. Regarding production, organ weights and immunity, @entity534 supplementation should be recommended in the grower phase, while @entity7647 supplementation can be useful in pullets raised for egg production, where a good immune response to vaccinations is an important factor.

title: Effect of @entity369 or @entity1160 supplementation on production, organ weights, XXXX , @entity17021 and antibody titre of broilers.

entities_list: @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity24511 :: (396054(Tax:9031),Gene) :: ['interferon gamma']


abstract: The objective of this study was designed to test whether supplementation of the diet with @entity369 ( @entity534 ) or @entity1160 ( @entity7647 ) or their combination influences the production, organ weights and humoral immune response of broilers. A total of 432 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler @entity1573 were divided into 6 treatment groups: control, @entity534 -0.5%, @entity534 -1%, @entity7647 -0.5%, @entity7647 -1% and @entity534 -0.5%+ @entity7647 -0.5%. Drinking water and feed were provided ad libitum. On day 18 of the experiment 50% of @entity1573 in each treatment group were immunised with bovine serum albumin. Ten and 21 days after immunisation blood samples were collected to determine the anti-albumin IgY titre, @entity17021 ( @entity17021 ) and @entity24511 ( @entity24511 ) and to measure the weight of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus. @entity534 or @entity7647 supplementation of the diets influenced neither the production nor the organ weights until 18 days of age. Between 18 and 39 days of age both @entity534 (0.5% and 1%) and @entity534 + @entity7647 supplementation improved the feed conversion ratio ( @entity6780 ) by 3.7%, 6.3% and 4.9%, respectively, while @entity7647 -1% worsened it by 15%. Immunisation slightly (-0.79%) depressed the body weight gain of broilers fed the control diet, which was significantly improved by both @entity534 (0.5 or 1%) and @entity534 + @entity7647 supplementation. Immunisation increased the weight of the spleen, bursa and thymus and decreased that of the liver. Supplementation with 1% @entity7647 depressed (-5.13%) the body weight gain of the immunised @entity1573 but strongly stimulated the immune response. Supplementations with @entity534 and @entity7647 did not influence the @entity17021 and @entity24511 level of the blood; however, on day 10 after immunisation these two parameters showed a negative correlation with each other. Regarding production, organ weights and immunity, @entity534 supplementation should be recommended in the grower phase, while @entity7647 supplementation can be useful in pullets raised for egg production, where a good immune response to vaccinations is an important factor.

title: Effect of @entity369 or @entity1160 supplementation on production, organ weights, @entity24511 , XXXX and antibody titre of broilers.

answer: @entity17021 :: (395337(Tax:9031),Gene) :: ['interleukin 6']


abstract: The objective of this study was designed to test whether supplementation of the diet with @entity369 ( @entity534 ) or @entity1160 ( @entity7647 ) or their combination influences the production, organ weights and humoral immune response of broilers. A total of 432 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler @entity1573 were divided into 6 treatment groups: control, @entity534 -0.5%, @entity534 -1%, @entity7647 -0.5%, @entity7647 -1% and @entity534 -0.5%+ @entity7647 -0.5%. Drinking water and feed were provided ad libitum. On day 18 of the experiment 50% of @entity1573 in each treatment group were immunised with bovine serum albumin. Ten and 21 days after immunisation blood samples were collected to determine the anti-albumin IgY titre, @entity17021 ( @entity17021 ) and @entity24511 ( @entity24511 ) and to measure the weight of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus. @entity534 or @entity7647 supplementation of the diets influenced neither the production nor the organ weights until 18 days of age. Between 18 and 39 days of age both @entity534 (0.5% and 1%) and @entity534 + @entity7647 supplementation improved the feed conversion ratio ( @entity6780 ) by 3.7%, 6.3% and 4.9%, respectively, while @entity7647 -1% worsened it by 15%. Immunisation slightly (-0.79%) depressed the body weight gain of broilers fed the control diet, which was significantly improved by both @entity534 (0.5 or 1%) and @entity534 + @entity7647 supplementation. Immunisation increased the weight of the spleen, bursa and thymus and decreased that of the liver. Supplementation with 1% @entity7647 depressed (-5.13%) the body weight gain of the immunised @entity1573 but strongly stimulated the immune response. Supplementations with @entity534 and @entity7647 did not influence the @entity17021 and @entity24511 level of the blood; however, on day 10 after immunisation these two parameters showed a negative correlation with each other. Regarding production, organ weights and immunity, @entity534 supplementation should be recommended in the grower phase, while @entity7647 supplementation can be useful in pullets raised for egg production, where a good immune response to vaccinations is an important factor.

title: Effect of @entity369 or XXXX supplementation on production, organ weights, @entity24511 , @entity17021 and antibody titre of broilers.

answer: @entity1160 :: (CHEBI:28300,Chemical) :: ['glutamine']


abstract: The objective of this study was designed to test whether supplementation of the diet with @entity369 ( @entity534 ) or @entity1160 ( @entity7647 ) or their combination influences the production, organ weights and humoral immune response of broilers. A total of 432 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler @entity1573 were divided into 6 treatment groups: control, @entity534 -0.5%, @entity534 -1%, @entity7647 -0.5%, @entity7647 -1% and @entity534 -0.5%+ @entity7647 -0.5%. Drinking water and feed were provided ad libitum. On day 18 of the experiment 50% of @entity1573 in each treatment group were immunised with bovine serum albumin. Ten and 21 days after immunisation blood samples were collected to determine the anti-albumin IgY titre, @entity17021 ( @entity17021 ) and @entity24511 ( @entity24511 ) and to measure the weight of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus. @entity534 or @entity7647 supplementation of the diets influenced neither the production nor the organ weights until 18 days of age. Between 18 and 39 days of age both @entity534 (0.5% and 1%) and @entity534 + @entity7647 supplementation improved the feed conversion ratio ( @entity6780 ) by 3.7%, 6.3% and 4.9%, respectively, while @entity7647 -1% worsened it by 15%. Immunisation slightly (-0.79%) depressed the body weight gain of broilers fed the control diet, which was significantly improved by both @entity534 (0.5 or 1%) and @entity534 + @entity7647 supplementation. Immunisation increased the weight of the spleen, bursa and thymus and decreased that of the liver. Supplementation with 1% @entity7647 depressed (-5.13%) the body weight gain of the immunised @entity1573 but strongly stimulated the immune response. Supplementations with @entity534 and @entity7647 did not influence the @entity17021 and @entity24511 level of the blood; however, on day 10 after immunisation these two parameters showed a negative correlation with each other. Regarding production, organ weights and immunity, @entity534 supplementation should be recommended in the grower phase, while @entity7647 supplementation can be useful in pullets raised for egg production, where a good immune response to vaccinations is an important factor.

title: Effect of XXXX or @entity1160 supplementation on production, organ weights, @entity24511 , @entity17021 and antibody titre of broilers.

answer: @entity369 :: (CHEBI:29016,Chemical) :: ['arginine']


abstract: Anogenital warts are caused by @entity1082 ), over 30 types of which are infectious for the anogenital tract. Without treatment, warts may regress spontaneously, remain unchanged, or increase in number and size. This study compared the efficacy of a topical 5% @entity4014 ( @entity3071 ) solution with that of a topical 0.5% @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and 10% @entity3785 (SA) combination in the treatment of @entity4891 . Sixty @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive topical @entity3071 or @entity1487  +  SA. Both groups demonstrated a significant decrease in numbers of lesions (P  <  0.05), but this difference was not significant at week 12 (P  >  0.05). The mean number of lesions decreased from baseline to week 12 from 17.03      12.64 to 3.73      7.30 and from 16.13      12.97 to 3.10      4.90 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively (P  <  0.001). Excellent clearance was achieved by 70.0 and 76.7% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. Marked improvement was seen in 13.3 and 20.0% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. At week 16, relapse was observed in two @entity1 in the @entity3071 group and three in the @entity1487  +  SA group (P  >  0.05). No serious adverse events were reported. Neither treatment was more efficacious. Safety and ease of application are important goals in treatments for @entity4891 . A 5% @entity3071 solution is a promising alternative treatment because it is effective and inexpensive and causes minimal side effects.

title: A comparison of a 5% @entity4014 solution with a @entity1487 and XXXX combination in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity4891 : a randomized, open-label clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity4891 :: ('MESH:D014860', 'Disease') :: ['anogenital warts']

entities_list: @entity4014 :: ('MESH:C029943', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium hydroxide']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity3785 :: (MESH:D020156,Chemical) :: ['salicylic acid']


abstract: Anogenital warts are caused by @entity1082 ), over 30 types of which are infectious for the anogenital tract. Without treatment, warts may regress spontaneously, remain unchanged, or increase in number and size. This study compared the efficacy of a topical 5% @entity4014 ( @entity3071 ) solution with that of a topical 0.5% @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and 10% @entity3785 (SA) combination in the treatment of @entity4891 . Sixty @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive topical @entity3071 or @entity1487  +  SA. Both groups demonstrated a significant decrease in numbers of lesions (P  <  0.05), but this difference was not significant at week 12 (P  >  0.05). The mean number of lesions decreased from baseline to week 12 from 17.03      12.64 to 3.73      7.30 and from 16.13      12.97 to 3.10      4.90 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively (P  <  0.001). Excellent clearance was achieved by 70.0 and 76.7% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. Marked improvement was seen in 13.3 and 20.0% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. At week 16, relapse was observed in two @entity1 in the @entity3071 group and three in the @entity1487  +  SA group (P  >  0.05). No serious adverse events were reported. Neither treatment was more efficacious. Safety and ease of application are important goals in treatments for @entity4891 . A 5% @entity3071 solution is a promising alternative treatment because it is effective and inexpensive and causes minimal side effects.

title: A comparison of a 5% @entity4014 solution with a @entity1487 and @entity3785 combination in the treatment of @entity1 with XXXX : a randomized, open-label clinical trial.

answer: @entity4891 :: (MESH:D014860,Disease) :: ['anogenital warts']


abstract: Anogenital warts are caused by @entity1082 ), over 30 types of which are infectious for the anogenital tract. Without treatment, warts may regress spontaneously, remain unchanged, or increase in number and size. This study compared the efficacy of a topical 5% @entity4014 ( @entity3071 ) solution with that of a topical 0.5% @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and 10% @entity3785 (SA) combination in the treatment of @entity4891 . Sixty @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive topical @entity3071 or @entity1487  +  SA. Both groups demonstrated a significant decrease in numbers of lesions (P  <  0.05), but this difference was not significant at week 12 (P  >  0.05). The mean number of lesions decreased from baseline to week 12 from 17.03      12.64 to 3.73      7.30 and from 16.13      12.97 to 3.10      4.90 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively (P  <  0.001). Excellent clearance was achieved by 70.0 and 76.7% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. Marked improvement was seen in 13.3 and 20.0% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. At week 16, relapse was observed in two @entity1 in the @entity3071 group and three in the @entity1487  +  SA group (P  >  0.05). No serious adverse events were reported. Neither treatment was more efficacious. Safety and ease of application are important goals in treatments for @entity4891 . A 5% @entity3071 solution is a promising alternative treatment because it is effective and inexpensive and causes minimal side effects.

title: A comparison of a 5% @entity4014 solution with a XXXX and @entity3785 combination in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity4891 : a randomized, open-label clinical trial.

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: Anogenital warts are caused by @entity1082 ), over 30 types of which are infectious for the anogenital tract. Without treatment, warts may regress spontaneously, remain unchanged, or increase in number and size. This study compared the efficacy of a topical 5% @entity4014 ( @entity3071 ) solution with that of a topical 0.5% @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and 10% @entity3785 (SA) combination in the treatment of @entity4891 . Sixty @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive topical @entity3071 or @entity1487  +  SA. Both groups demonstrated a significant decrease in numbers of lesions (P  <  0.05), but this difference was not significant at week 12 (P  >  0.05). The mean number of lesions decreased from baseline to week 12 from 17.03      12.64 to 3.73      7.30 and from 16.13      12.97 to 3.10      4.90 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively (P  <  0.001). Excellent clearance was achieved by 70.0 and 76.7% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. Marked improvement was seen in 13.3 and 20.0% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. At week 16, relapse was observed in two @entity1 in the @entity3071 group and three in the @entity1487  +  SA group (P  >  0.05). No serious adverse events were reported. Neither treatment was more efficacious. Safety and ease of application are important goals in treatments for @entity4891 . A 5% @entity3071 solution is a promising alternative treatment because it is effective and inexpensive and causes minimal side effects.

title: A comparison of a 5% XXXX solution with a @entity1487 and @entity3785 combination in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity4891 : a randomized, open-label clinical trial.

answer: @entity4014 :: (MESH:C029943,Chemical) :: ['potassium hydroxide']


abstract: Anogenital warts are caused by @entity1082 ), over 30 types of which are infectious for the anogenital tract. Without treatment, warts may regress spontaneously, remain unchanged, or increase in number and size. This study compared the efficacy of a topical 5% @entity4014 ( @entity3071 ) solution with that of a topical 0.5% @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and 10% @entity3785 (SA) combination in the treatment of @entity4891 . Sixty @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive topical @entity3071 or @entity1487  +  SA. Both groups demonstrated a significant decrease in numbers of lesions (P  <  0.05), but this difference was not significant at week 12 (P  >  0.05). The mean number of lesions decreased from baseline to week 12 from 17.03      12.64 to 3.73      7.30 and from 16.13      12.97 to 3.10      4.90 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively (P  <  0.001). Excellent clearance was achieved by 70.0 and 76.7% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. Marked improvement was seen in 13.3 and 20.0% of @entity1 in the @entity3071 and @entity1487  +  SA groups, respectively. At week 16, relapse was observed in two @entity1 in the @entity3071 group and three in the @entity1487  +  SA group (P  >  0.05). No serious adverse events were reported. Neither treatment was more efficacious. Safety and ease of application are important goals in treatments for @entity4891 . A 5% @entity3071 solution is a promising alternative treatment because it is effective and inexpensive and causes minimal side effects.

title: A comparison of a 5% @entity4014 solution with a @entity1487 and @entity3785 combination in the treatment of XXXX with @entity4891 : a randomized, open-label clinical trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Targeted therapy (TT) provides highly effective @entity5 treatment for appropriately selected individuals. A major challenge of TT is to select @entity1 who would benefit most. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The study uses @entity5 material from 25 @entity1 primarily diagnosed with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 -derived xenografts (PDXs) are treated with cetuximab and @entity3866 . Treatment response is measured by @entity5 shrinkage comparing @entity5 volume at day 25 (V25) with @entity5 volume at baseline (V0). Shrinkage below 40% is considered as treatment response: V25/V0 < 0.4 (<40%). Furthermore, RNA-seq data from each @entity5 sample are used to predict @entity5 response to either treatment using an in silico molecular signaling map (MSM) approach. RESULTS: PDX response was 40% (10/25; 95% CI [21.13%, 61.34%]) under cetuximab and 20% (5/25; 95% CI [6.83%, 40.70%]) under @entity3866 . MSM predicted response was 48% (12/25; 95% CI [27.8%, 68.7%]) under cetuximab and 40% (10/25; 95% CI [21.13%, 61.34%]) under @entity3866 . Agreement between PDX and MSM response prediction is substantial under cetuximab and @entity3866 : 84% (21/25, P = 0.001) and 80% (20/25, P = 0.003). A total of 5 from the 25 @entity1 have been treated with cetuximab showing a clinical response identical to both predictions. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1149 @entity1 , this proof-of-concept study shows a considerable agreement in response prediction from MSM and PDX approaches, but MSM saves time and laboratory resources. Our result indicates the potential of MSM-based approach for clinical decision making when selecting @entity5 TTs. Clin Cancer Res; 22(9); 2167-76.   2015 AACR.

title: Comparing XXXX -Derived Xenograft and Computational Response Prediction for Targeted Therapy in @entity1 of Early-Stage Large Cell Lung Cancer.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: Targeted therapy (TT) provides highly effective @entity5 treatment for appropriately selected individuals. A major challenge of TT is to select @entity1 who would benefit most. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The study uses @entity5 material from 25 @entity1 primarily diagnosed with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 -derived xenografts (PDXs) are treated with cetuximab and @entity3866 . Treatment response is measured by @entity5 shrinkage comparing @entity5 volume at day 25 (V25) with @entity5 volume at baseline (V0). Shrinkage below 40% is considered as treatment response: V25/V0 < 0.4 (<40%). Furthermore, RNA-seq data from each @entity5 sample are used to predict @entity5 response to either treatment using an in silico molecular signaling map (MSM) approach. RESULTS: PDX response was 40% (10/25; 95% CI [21.13%, 61.34%]) under cetuximab and 20% (5/25; 95% CI [6.83%, 40.70%]) under @entity3866 . MSM predicted response was 48% (12/25; 95% CI [27.8%, 68.7%]) under cetuximab and 40% (10/25; 95% CI [21.13%, 61.34%]) under @entity3866 . Agreement between PDX and MSM response prediction is substantial under cetuximab and @entity3866 : 84% (21/25, P = 0.001) and 80% (20/25, P = 0.003). A total of 5 from the 25 @entity1 have been treated with cetuximab showing a clinical response identical to both predictions. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1149 @entity1 , this proof-of-concept study shows a considerable agreement in response prediction from MSM and PDX approaches, but MSM saves time and laboratory resources. Our result indicates the potential of MSM-based approach for clinical decision making when selecting @entity5 TTs. Clin Cancer Res; 22(9); 2167-76.   2015 AACR.

title: Comparing @entity1 -Derived Xenograft and Computational Response Prediction for Targeted Therapy in XXXX of Early-Stage Large Cell Lung Cancer.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) @entity1 : (i) To compare the ability of a multiparametric MRI (mpMRI)-ultrasound biopsy system to detect clinically significant (CS) @entity263 with systematic 12-core biopsy (R-TRUSBx), and (ii) To assess the predictive value of mpMRI with biopsy as the reference standard. METHODS: Seventy-two @entity1 on @entity3457 prospectively underwent 3T mpMRI . MRI-ultrasound fusion biopsy (UroNavBx) and R-TRUSBx was performed. @entity5 was defined using two thresholds: 1) @entity1412   >=    7 (CS7) and 2) @entity1412   =   6 with >50% involvement (GS6). @entity5 detection rates and predictive values were determined. RESULTS: CS7 @entity5 were found in 19/72 (26%), 7 (37%) identified by UroNavBx alone, 2 (11%) by R-TRUSBx alone (P   =   0.182). UroNav targeted biopsy was 6.3  more likely to yield a core positive for CS7 @entity5 compared with R-TRUSBx (25% of 141 versus 4% of 874, P   <   0.001). Upgrading of @entity1412 occurred in 15/72 @entity1 (21%), 13 (87%) detected by UroNavBx and 10 (67%) by R-TRUSBx. The NPV of mpMRI for CS7 @entity5 was 100%. MRI suspicion level significantly predicted @entity5 on multivariate analysis (OR 3.6, P   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: UroNavBx detected @entity5 with far fewer cores compared with R-TRUSBx, and mpMRI had a perfect negative predictive value in this population. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: A prospective comparison of MRI-US fused targeted biopsy versus systematic ultrasound-guided biopsy for detecting clinically significant XXXX in @entity1 on @entity3457 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'CS cancer']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['active surveillance', 'AS']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) @entity1 : (i) To compare the ability of a multiparametric MRI (mpMRI)-ultrasound biopsy system to detect clinically significant (CS) @entity263 with systematic 12-core biopsy (R-TRUSBx), and (ii) To assess the predictive value of mpMRI with biopsy as the reference standard. METHODS: Seventy-two @entity1 on @entity3457 prospectively underwent 3T mpMRI . MRI-ultrasound fusion biopsy (UroNavBx) and R-TRUSBx was performed. @entity5 was defined using two thresholds: 1) @entity1412   >=    7 (CS7) and 2) @entity1412   =   6 with >50% involvement (GS6). @entity5 detection rates and predictive values were determined. RESULTS: CS7 @entity5 were found in 19/72 (26%), 7 (37%) identified by UroNavBx alone, 2 (11%) by R-TRUSBx alone (P   =   0.182). UroNav targeted biopsy was 6.3  more likely to yield a core positive for CS7 @entity5 compared with R-TRUSBx (25% of 141 versus 4% of 874, P   <   0.001). Upgrading of @entity1412 occurred in 15/72 @entity1 (21%), 13 (87%) detected by UroNavBx and 10 (67%) by R-TRUSBx. The NPV of mpMRI for CS7 @entity5 was 100%. MRI suspicion level significantly predicted @entity5 on multivariate analysis (OR 3.6, P   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: UroNavBx detected @entity5 with far fewer cores compared with R-TRUSBx, and mpMRI had a perfect negative predictive value in this population. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: A prospective comparison of MRI-US fused targeted biopsy versus systematic ultrasound-guided biopsy for detecting clinically significant @entity263 in @entity1 on XXXX .

answer: @entity3457 :: (OMIM:612348,Disease) :: ['active surveillance']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) @entity1 : (i) To compare the ability of a multiparametric MRI (mpMRI)-ultrasound biopsy system to detect clinically significant (CS) @entity263 with systematic 12-core biopsy (R-TRUSBx), and (ii) To assess the predictive value of mpMRI with biopsy as the reference standard. METHODS: Seventy-two @entity1 on @entity3457 prospectively underwent 3T mpMRI . MRI-ultrasound fusion biopsy (UroNavBx) and R-TRUSBx was performed. @entity5 was defined using two thresholds: 1) @entity1412   >=    7 (CS7) and 2) @entity1412   =   6 with >50% involvement (GS6). @entity5 detection rates and predictive values were determined. RESULTS: CS7 @entity5 were found in 19/72 (26%), 7 (37%) identified by UroNavBx alone, 2 (11%) by R-TRUSBx alone (P   =   0.182). UroNav targeted biopsy was 6.3  more likely to yield a core positive for CS7 @entity5 compared with R-TRUSBx (25% of 141 versus 4% of 874, P   <   0.001). Upgrading of @entity1412 occurred in 15/72 @entity1 (21%), 13 (87%) detected by UroNavBx and 10 (67%) by R-TRUSBx. The NPV of mpMRI for CS7 @entity5 was 100%. MRI suspicion level significantly predicted @entity5 on multivariate analysis (OR 3.6, P   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: UroNavBx detected @entity5 with far fewer cores compared with R-TRUSBx, and mpMRI had a perfect negative predictive value in this population. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: A prospective comparison of MRI-US fused targeted biopsy versus systematic ultrasound-guided biopsy for detecting clinically significant @entity263 in XXXX on @entity3457 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Childhood stress and genetic factors like the @entity14691 polymorphism of the @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ) gene are associated with a higher risk for developing @entity308 ( @entity308 ) and might also influence hippocampal changes. The aim of this study was to determine which hippocampal dentate gyrus and cornu ammonis subfields are altered in @entity308 compared to healthy controls and which subfields are affected by the @entity2252 @entity14691 polymorphism and @entity1 adversity. Adult @entity1 with @entity308 and healthy matched controls underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Automatic segmentation using the programme FreeSurfer was used to segment the hippocampal subfields dentate gyrus (DG/ @entity3729 ), @entity1399 and @entity41520 . The history of possible childhood adversity was assessed using the Childhood @entity130 Questionnaire and the @entity14691 @entity2252 SNP ( @entity32862 ) genotypes were obtained. @entity1 with @entity308 had significantly smaller @entity3729 /DG and @entity41520 volumes compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, there was a significant interactive effect of @entity2252 allele and childhood adversity on @entity41520 and @entity3729 /DG volumes. Met allele carriers without childhood adversity had larger and with childhood adversity smaller @entity3729 /DG and @entity41520 volumes than @entity2596 -allele homozygotes. Our results highlight stress by gene interactions as relevant for hippocampal volume reductions, in particular for the subfield @entity41520 and dentate gyrus. Hum Brain Mapp 35:5776-5783, 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: XXXX @entity14691 genotype interacts with childhood adversity and influences the formation of hippocampal subfields.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['brain derived neurotrophic factor', 'BDNF']

entities_list: @entity14691 :: ('p|SUB|V|66|M', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Val66Met', 'Val66MET']

answer: @entity2252 :: (627,Gene) :: ['BDNF']


abstract: Childhood stress and genetic factors like the @entity14691 polymorphism of the @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ) gene are associated with a higher risk for developing @entity308 ( @entity308 ) and might also influence hippocampal changes. The aim of this study was to determine which hippocampal dentate gyrus and cornu ammonis subfields are altered in @entity308 compared to healthy controls and which subfields are affected by the @entity2252 @entity14691 polymorphism and @entity1 adversity. Adult @entity1 with @entity308 and healthy matched controls underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Automatic segmentation using the programme FreeSurfer was used to segment the hippocampal subfields dentate gyrus (DG/ @entity3729 ), @entity1399 and @entity41520 . The history of possible childhood adversity was assessed using the Childhood @entity130 Questionnaire and the @entity14691 @entity2252 SNP ( @entity32862 ) genotypes were obtained. @entity1 with @entity308 had significantly smaller @entity3729 /DG and @entity41520 volumes compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, there was a significant interactive effect of @entity2252 allele and childhood adversity on @entity41520 and @entity3729 /DG volumes. Met allele carriers without childhood adversity had larger and with childhood adversity smaller @entity3729 /DG and @entity41520 volumes than @entity2596 -allele homozygotes. Our results highlight stress by gene interactions as relevant for hippocampal volume reductions, in particular for the subfield @entity41520 and dentate gyrus. Hum Brain Mapp 35:5776-5783, 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: @entity2252 XXXX genotype interacts with childhood adversity and influences the formation of hippocampal subfields.

answer: @entity14691 :: (p|SUB|V|66|M,ProteinMutation) :: ['Val66Met']


abstract: The brainstem and basal ganglia are important in the pathophysiology of @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Reliable and sensitive detection of neural activity changes in these regions should be helpful in scientific and clinical research on @entity191 . In this study, we used resting state functional MRI and @entity4365 ( @entity4365 ) methods to examine spontaneous neural activity in 109 @entity1 with @entity191 . We examined activity in two frequency bands, slow-4 (between 0.027 and 0.073 Hz) and slow-5 (0.010-0.027 Hz). @entity1 had decreased @entity4365 in the striatum and increased @entity4365 in the midbrain, and changes were more significant in slow-4. Additionally, changes in slow-4 in both basal ganglia and midbrain correlated with the severity of the @entity304 . The @entity4365 in the caudate nucleus positively correlated with the dose of @entity3034 , while the @entity4365 in the putamen negatively correlated with the disease duration in both slow-4 and slow-5 bands. In addition, the @entity4365 in the rostral supplementary motor area negatively correlated with @entity2845 subscale scores. Our findings show that with a large cohort of @entity1 and distinguishing frequency bands, neural modulations in the brainstem and striatum in @entity191 can be detected and may have clinical relevance. The physiological interpretation of these changes needs to be determined.

title: Frequency-dependent neural activity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3034 :: ('MESH:D007980', 'Chemical') :: ['levodopa']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['bradykinesia']

entities_list: @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['amplitude of low frequency fluctuation', 'ALFF']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3478 ( @entity3478 ) affects one third of @entity1 with @entity5 . Radiotherapy remains the gold-standard treatment; however, laboratory and clinical work suggest that @entity4481 may be useful in treating @entity3478 . The aim of this study was to examine @entity4481 in @entity1 with @entity3478 receiving radiotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: A multicenter, double-blind randomized trial of @entity4481 versus placebo was conducted. Eligible @entity1 were age >=  18 years, had radiologically proven bone metastases, were scheduled to receive radiotherapy, and had @entity158 scores >=  4 of 10 (on 0-to-10 numeric rating scale). Before radiotherapy, baseline assessments were completed, followed by random assignment. Doses of @entity4481 and placebo were increased over 4 weeks. The primary end point was treatment response, defined as a reduction of >=  2 points in worst @entity158 by week 4, accompanied by a stable or reduced opioid dose, compared with baseline. Secondary end points assessed average @entity158 , interference of @entity158 with activity, @entity158 , mood, quality of life, and adverse events. RESULTS: A total of 233 @entity1 were randomly assigned: 117 to placebo and 116 to @entity4481 . The most common @entity5 were prostate (n = 88; 38%), breast (n = 77; 33%), and lung (n = 42; 18%). In the @entity4481 arm, 45 @entity1 (38.8%) achieved the primary end point, compared with 47 (40.2%) in the placebo arm (adjusted odds ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.81; P = .816). There were no statistically significant differences in average @entity158 , @entity158 interference, or quality of life between arms. There were differences in mood (P = .031) and @entity158 duration (P = .037) between arms. Outcomes were compared at 4 weeks. CONCLUSION: Our findings do not support the role of @entity4481 in @entity1 with @entity3478 receiving radiotherapy. The role of @entity4481 in @entity3478 with a clinical @entity9 component is unknown.

title: Randomized Double-Blind Trial of XXXX Versus Placebo in Conjunction With Palliative Radiotherapy for @entity3478 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['CIBP', 'Cancer-induced bone pain']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['breakthrough pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity4481 :: ('MESH:C080245', 'Chemical') :: ['pregabalin']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity4481 :: (MESH:C080245,Chemical) :: ['Pregabalin']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3478 ( @entity3478 ) affects one third of @entity1 with @entity5 . Radiotherapy remains the gold-standard treatment; however, laboratory and clinical work suggest that @entity4481 may be useful in treating @entity3478 . The aim of this study was to examine @entity4481 in @entity1 with @entity3478 receiving radiotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: A multicenter, double-blind randomized trial of @entity4481 versus placebo was conducted. Eligible @entity1 were age >=  18 years, had radiologically proven bone metastases, were scheduled to receive radiotherapy, and had @entity158 scores >=  4 of 10 (on 0-to-10 numeric rating scale). Before radiotherapy, baseline assessments were completed, followed by random assignment. Doses of @entity4481 and placebo were increased over 4 weeks. The primary end point was treatment response, defined as a reduction of >=  2 points in worst @entity158 by week 4, accompanied by a stable or reduced opioid dose, compared with baseline. Secondary end points assessed average @entity158 , interference of @entity158 with activity, @entity158 , mood, quality of life, and adverse events. RESULTS: A total of 233 @entity1 were randomly assigned: 117 to placebo and 116 to @entity4481 . The most common @entity5 were prostate (n = 88; 38%), breast (n = 77; 33%), and lung (n = 42; 18%). In the @entity4481 arm, 45 @entity1 (38.8%) achieved the primary end point, compared with 47 (40.2%) in the placebo arm (adjusted odds ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.81; P = .816). There were no statistically significant differences in average @entity158 , @entity158 interference, or quality of life between arms. There were differences in mood (P = .031) and @entity158 duration (P = .037) between arms. Outcomes were compared at 4 weeks. CONCLUSION: Our findings do not support the role of @entity4481 in @entity1 with @entity3478 receiving radiotherapy. The role of @entity4481 in @entity3478 with a clinical @entity9 component is unknown.

title: Randomized Double-Blind Trial of @entity4481 Versus Placebo in Conjunction With Palliative Radiotherapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity3478 :: (MESH:D001859,Disease) :: ['Cancer-Induced Bone Pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of @entity2449 plus @entity6303 (MA) with that of MA alone for treating @entity1869 ( @entity1869 ). METHODS: This pilot study included 16 @entity1869 @entity1 who met at least one @entity209 ( @entity209 ) criterion and received either adjunctive @entity2449 plus MA (MET group) or MA monotherapy (MA group). Each @entity1 in the MA group received 160 mg of MA daily, whereas @entity1 in the MET group received the same dose of MA plus 0.5 g of @entity2449 thrice daily. Treatment response was assessed by histological examination of dilation and curettage specimens obtained after 12 weeks of therapy. RESULTS: Each group had eight @entity1 , and half of the @entity1 in each group were diagnosed with @entity209 . The complete response (CR) rate was 75% (6/8) in the MET group and 25% (2/8) in the MA group (p=0.105). Complications of @entity209 did not affect the response rates in either group. In the MET group, 75% (3/4) of the @entity1 had CR in the presence or absence of @entity209 . In the MA group, 50% (2/4) of the @entity1 with @entity209 had CR, whereas no @entity1 without @entity209 had CR. No irreversible @entity137 were observed. CONCLUSION: @entity2449 plus MA may be a potential alternative therapy for treating @entity1869 , and the @entity209 status of @entity1 may have no effect on the efficacy of @entity2449 plus MA therapy.

title: Conservative therapy with @entity2449 plus @entity6303 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity6303 :: ('MESH:D019290', 'Chemical') :: ['megestrol acetate']

entities_list: @entity1869 :: ('MESH:D004714', 'Disease') :: ['EAH', 'endometrial atypical hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['Metformin', 'metformin']

answer: @entity1869 :: (MESH:D004714,Disease) :: ['endometrial atypical hyperplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of @entity2449 plus @entity6303 (MA) with that of MA alone for treating @entity1869 ( @entity1869 ). METHODS: This pilot study included 16 @entity1869 @entity1 who met at least one @entity209 ( @entity209 ) criterion and received either adjunctive @entity2449 plus MA (MET group) or MA monotherapy (MA group). Each @entity1 in the MA group received 160 mg of MA daily, whereas @entity1 in the MET group received the same dose of MA plus 0.5 g of @entity2449 thrice daily. Treatment response was assessed by histological examination of dilation and curettage specimens obtained after 12 weeks of therapy. RESULTS: Each group had eight @entity1 , and half of the @entity1 in each group were diagnosed with @entity209 . The complete response (CR) rate was 75% (6/8) in the MET group and 25% (2/8) in the MA group (p=0.105). Complications of @entity209 did not affect the response rates in either group. In the MET group, 75% (3/4) of the @entity1 had CR in the presence or absence of @entity209 . In the MA group, 50% (2/4) of the @entity1 with @entity209 had CR, whereas no @entity1 without @entity209 had CR. No irreversible @entity137 were observed. CONCLUSION: @entity2449 plus MA may be a potential alternative therapy for treating @entity1869 , and the @entity209 status of @entity1 may have no effect on the efficacy of @entity2449 plus MA therapy.

title: Conservative therapy with @entity2449 plus XXXX for @entity1869 .

answer: @entity6303 :: (MESH:D019290,Chemical) :: ['megestrol acetate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of @entity2449 plus @entity6303 (MA) with that of MA alone for treating @entity1869 ( @entity1869 ). METHODS: This pilot study included 16 @entity1869 @entity1 who met at least one @entity209 ( @entity209 ) criterion and received either adjunctive @entity2449 plus MA (MET group) or MA monotherapy (MA group). Each @entity1 in the MA group received 160 mg of MA daily, whereas @entity1 in the MET group received the same dose of MA plus 0.5 g of @entity2449 thrice daily. Treatment response was assessed by histological examination of dilation and curettage specimens obtained after 12 weeks of therapy. RESULTS: Each group had eight @entity1 , and half of the @entity1 in each group were diagnosed with @entity209 . The complete response (CR) rate was 75% (6/8) in the MET group and 25% (2/8) in the MA group (p=0.105). Complications of @entity209 did not affect the response rates in either group. In the MET group, 75% (3/4) of the @entity1 had CR in the presence or absence of @entity209 . In the MA group, 50% (2/4) of the @entity1 with @entity209 had CR, whereas no @entity1 without @entity209 had CR. No irreversible @entity137 were observed. CONCLUSION: @entity2449 plus MA may be a potential alternative therapy for treating @entity1869 , and the @entity209 status of @entity1 may have no effect on the efficacy of @entity2449 plus MA therapy.

title: Conservative therapy with XXXX plus @entity6303 for @entity1869 .

answer: @entity2449 :: (MESH:D008687,Chemical) :: ['metformin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the amount and type of @entity4421 observed in chronic rhinosinusitis with @entity1412 (CRSwNP) and compare it with that of chronic rhinosinusitis without @entity1412 (CRSnNP). SETTING: Sisli Etfal Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, @entity233 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, single-blind, cohort study. METHODS: Three different @entity1 groups, designated as the CRSwNP, CRSnNP, and control groups, were included in the study. Forty @entity1 who had CRSnNP and/or CRSwNP confirmed with a paranasal sinus computerized tomography (CT) study were included for the study group, and 20 individuals were included in the control group. Paranasal sinus CTs were evaluated and compared for @entity4421 . RESULTS: Hounsfield units obtained from the right and left agger nasi walls and the medial maxillary sinus wall in the control group were significantly different from the entire group. Similarly, values for the anterior ethmoid wall were statistically significant for the CRSwNP group compared with all the subjects. When the groups were compared to one another, there were significant differences in both the right and left agger nasi walls and the frontal sinus wall. CONCLUSION: Differentiating and acknowledging @entity4421 induced by CRSwNP rather than CRSnNP may aid in preoperative planning and indicate where to be more aggressive when excising bony structures. This may help in reducing recurrence and in increasing quality of life.

title: The radiologic evaluation of osteitis type and formation in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyposis']

answer: @entity1412 :: (MESH:D011125,Disease) :: ['nasal polyposis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Health outcomes among older @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1 may be influenced by physical, economic, and psychological problems not routinely identified during the @entity341 visit. The objective of this study was to characterize such problems among older adults presenting to the @entity341 . METHODS: This was a prevalence study with enrollment during 4-hour periods randomly selected between 9  a.m. and 9  p.m. on random  days of the week over a period of 8  weeks at an academic @entity341 in the southeast United States. @entity1 were noninstitutionalized, cognitively intact adults aged 65  years or older without life-threatening @entity130 . Consenting @entity1 were asked about the frequency of 10 prespecified problems during the past year. RESULTS: @entity1 (N  =  138) were non-Hispanic white (69%) and female (57%) and almost all had primary providers (95%) and health insurance (98%). Forty percent reported their overall health as fair (21%) or poor (19%). Hazardous drinking habits were reported by 10% of @entity1 . The prevalence of problems occurring either "sometimes" or "often" in the past year were @entity158 (60%), difficulty walking (47%), lack of money (32%), isolation and loneliness (14%), lack of transportation (12%), difficulty scheduling a doctor's appointment (4%), difficulty getting prescriptions filled (4%), and lack of dental care (6%). Nine @entity1 (7%) reported experiencing physical or @entity734 at some point in the past year. Females, minorities, and individuals living in urban areas reported higher rates of most problems. CONCLUSIONS: Nonmedical problems are common among cognitively intact, independent living, non-critically ill older @entity1 presenting to an @entity341 in the southeast United States.

title: Prevalence of nonmedical problems among older adults presenting to the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['psychological abuse']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['illness or injury']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adalimumab is an effective treatment for @entity30 ( @entity30 ). Anti-adalimumab antibodies (AAA) and low trough serum drug concentrations have been implicated as pre-disposing factors for treatment failure. AIMS: To assess adalimumab and AAA serum levels, and to examine their association and discriminatory ability with clinical response and serum @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ). METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study using trough sera from adalimumab-treated @entity30 @entity1 . Demographical data, Montreal classification, treatment regimen and clinical status were recorded. Serum adalimumab, AAA and @entity1851 were measured. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and a multivariate regression model were performed to find drug and antibody thresholds for predicting disease activity at time of serum sampling. RESULTS: One hundred and eighteen trough serum samples were included from 71 @entity1 . High adalimumab trough serum concentration was associated with disease remission (Area Under Curve 0.748, P < 0.001). A cut-off drug level of 5.85  g/mL yielded optimal sensitivity, specificity and positive likelihood ratio for remission prediction (68%, 70.6% and 2.3, respectively). AAA were inversely related with adalimumab drug levels (Spearman's r = -0.411, P < 0.001) and when subdivided into categorical values, positively related with disease activity (P < 0.001). High drug levels and stricturing vs. penetrating or inflammatory phenotype, but not AAA levels, independently predicted disease remission in a multivariate logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS: Adalimumab drug levels were inversely related to disease activity. High levels of anti-adalimumab antibodies were positively associated with disease activity, but this association was mediated mostly by adalimumab drug levels.

title: Adalimumab drug and antibody levels as predictors of clinical and laboratory response in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adalimumab is an effective treatment for @entity30 ( @entity30 ). Anti-adalimumab antibodies (AAA) and low trough serum drug concentrations have been implicated as pre-disposing factors for treatment failure. AIMS: To assess adalimumab and AAA serum levels, and to examine their association and discriminatory ability with clinical response and serum @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ). METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study using trough sera from adalimumab-treated @entity30 @entity1 . Demographical data, Montreal classification, treatment regimen and clinical status were recorded. Serum adalimumab, AAA and @entity1851 were measured. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and a multivariate regression model were performed to find drug and antibody thresholds for predicting disease activity at time of serum sampling. RESULTS: One hundred and eighteen trough serum samples were included from 71 @entity1 . High adalimumab trough serum concentration was associated with disease remission (Area Under Curve 0.748, P < 0.001). A cut-off drug level of 5.85  g/mL yielded optimal sensitivity, specificity and positive likelihood ratio for remission prediction (68%, 70.6% and 2.3, respectively). AAA were inversely related with adalimumab drug levels (Spearman's r = -0.411, P < 0.001) and when subdivided into categorical values, positively related with disease activity (P < 0.001). High drug levels and stricturing vs. penetrating or inflammatory phenotype, but not AAA levels, independently predicted disease remission in a multivariate logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS: Adalimumab drug levels were inversely related to disease activity. High levels of anti-adalimumab antibodies were positively associated with disease activity, but this association was mediated mostly by adalimumab drug levels.

title: Adalimumab drug and antibody levels as predictors of clinical and laboratory response in XXXX with @entity30 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The neurons of the medial terminal nucleus (MTN) of the @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) have been studied in the @entity35 , @entity95 and cat in Golgi-Cox and Golgi-Kopsch impregnated brain sections. The present anatomical findings permit a division of the MTN of these species into dorsal and ventral components (MTNd, MTNv), in agreement with other investigations. The MTNd contains @entity162 neurons with cell bodies that measure in the range of 25-50 microns. These neurons have 2 to 4 primary dendrites which, along with their smaller dendritic branches, are oriented in the plane of the long axis of the MTN (i.e. from ventromedial to dorsolateral). These @entity162 represent 70-80% of the neurons of the MTNd as seen in the Golgi impregnated sections. The remaining 20-30% of the MTNd neurons are nearly all multipolar in shape with somata measuring in the range of 15-25 microns. An occasional multipolar neuron is larger, has a soma that measures around 30-60 microns and has dendrites which extend outward from the cell body to cover large areas of the MTNd. There was considerable extension of the dendrites of MTNd neurons into the MTNv; however, the dendrites of MTNd neurons were not observed extending into the adjacent substantia nigra (SN) or ventral tegmental area (VTA) of Tsai (1925). Conversely, the dendrites of neurons in the neighboring SN and VTA course along the borders of the MTN but only occasionally extend into the MTN.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The dendritic architecture of the medial terminal nucleus of the XXXX in the @entity35 , @entity95 , and cat.

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['linear-bipolar and linear-multipolar cells', 'predominantly linear-bipolar and linear-multipolar shaped']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['AOS', 'accessory optic system']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['accessory optic system']


abstract: The neurons of the medial terminal nucleus (MTN) of the @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) have been studied in the @entity35 , @entity95 and cat in Golgi-Cox and Golgi-Kopsch impregnated brain sections. The present anatomical findings permit a division of the MTN of these species into dorsal and ventral components (MTNd, MTNv), in agreement with other investigations. The MTNd contains @entity162 neurons with cell bodies that measure in the range of 25-50 microns. These neurons have 2 to 4 primary dendrites which, along with their smaller dendritic branches, are oriented in the plane of the long axis of the MTN (i.e. from ventromedial to dorsolateral). These @entity162 represent 70-80% of the neurons of the MTNd as seen in the Golgi impregnated sections. The remaining 20-30% of the MTNd neurons are nearly all multipolar in shape with somata measuring in the range of 15-25 microns. An occasional multipolar neuron is larger, has a soma that measures around 30-60 microns and has dendrites which extend outward from the cell body to cover large areas of the MTNd. There was considerable extension of the dendrites of MTNd neurons into the MTNv; however, the dendrites of MTNd neurons were not observed extending into the adjacent substantia nigra (SN) or ventral tegmental area (VTA) of Tsai (1925). Conversely, the dendrites of neurons in the neighboring SN and VTA course along the borders of the MTN but only occasionally extend into the MTN.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The dendritic architecture of the medial terminal nucleus of the @entity1781 in the @entity35 , XXXX , and cat.

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: The neurons of the medial terminal nucleus (MTN) of the @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) have been studied in the @entity35 , @entity95 and cat in Golgi-Cox and Golgi-Kopsch impregnated brain sections. The present anatomical findings permit a division of the MTN of these species into dorsal and ventral components (MTNd, MTNv), in agreement with other investigations. The MTNd contains @entity162 neurons with cell bodies that measure in the range of 25-50 microns. These neurons have 2 to 4 primary dendrites which, along with their smaller dendritic branches, are oriented in the plane of the long axis of the MTN (i.e. from ventromedial to dorsolateral). These @entity162 represent 70-80% of the neurons of the MTNd as seen in the Golgi impregnated sections. The remaining 20-30% of the MTNd neurons are nearly all multipolar in shape with somata measuring in the range of 15-25 microns. An occasional multipolar neuron is larger, has a soma that measures around 30-60 microns and has dendrites which extend outward from the cell body to cover large areas of the MTNd. There was considerable extension of the dendrites of MTNd neurons into the MTNv; however, the dendrites of MTNd neurons were not observed extending into the adjacent substantia nigra (SN) or ventral tegmental area (VTA) of Tsai (1925). Conversely, the dendrites of neurons in the neighboring SN and VTA course along the borders of the MTN but only occasionally extend into the MTN.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The dendritic architecture of the medial terminal nucleus of the @entity1781 in the XXXX , @entity95 , and cat.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity384 ( @entity384 ) is a @entity296 of unknown etiology with @entity5988 and @entity296 leading to @entity712 . It is considered to be a @entity74 with the interplay of both genetic and environmental factors. One of the possible genes implicated in @entity384 is @entity2232 ( @entity2232 ). The genetic variants of @entity2232 may be involved in the pathophysiology of @entity384 hence the entire @entity2232 gene was screened to examine for the possible genotypic associations with @entity384 . A total of 115 @entity384 @entity1 and 250 control subjects were included in the present study. PCR based SSCP analysis was carried out followed by commercial sequencing. Screening of @entity2232 revealed two common and two rare polymorphisms. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were estimated in @entity1 and control groups by appropriate statistical tests. The heterozygotes of insertion variation (+138A) were found to exhibit four-fold increase risk to @entity384 (OR=4.12, 95% CI 2.10-8.08; p=0.0001). The two rare variants ( @entity13284 transition ( @entity70773 ) at c.90 and @entity6344 transition ( @entity70774 ) at c.119) observed in the present study were found to be unique in @entity384 . The secondary mRNA structures of these variations were found to have less free energy than wild type. The haplotype analysis revealed 4A-T to be risk haplotype for @entity384 (OR 5.90, 95% CI 2.29-15.25, p=0.0001). In conclusion, @entity2232 polymorphisms (+138A, A30A, @entity70775 ) appear to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of @entity384 , as they influence the stability of protein. The increased @entity2232 production may lead to constriction of coronary arteries, reducing coronary blood flow which may in turn increase the load on left ventricle, impairing contractility of the heart resulting in a @entity384 phenotype, an end stage of @entity712 .

title: @entity2232 gene as a modifier in dilated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6344 :: ('c|SUB|C||T', 'DNAMutation') :: ['C>T']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['impaired myocardial contractility', 'myocardial disease']

entities_list: @entity5988 :: ('MESH:C565277', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dilatation']

entities_list: @entity70775 :: ('p|SUB|T|40|I', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['T40I']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['DCM', 'Dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['multifactorial disorder']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['cardiomyopathy']


abstract: @entity384 ( @entity384 ) is a @entity296 of unknown etiology with @entity5988 and @entity296 leading to @entity712 . It is considered to be a @entity74 with the interplay of both genetic and environmental factors. One of the possible genes implicated in @entity384 is @entity2232 ( @entity2232 ). The genetic variants of @entity2232 may be involved in the pathophysiology of @entity384 hence the entire @entity2232 gene was screened to examine for the possible genotypic associations with @entity384 . A total of 115 @entity384 @entity1 and 250 control subjects were included in the present study. PCR based SSCP analysis was carried out followed by commercial sequencing. Screening of @entity2232 revealed two common and two rare polymorphisms. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were estimated in @entity1 and control groups by appropriate statistical tests. The heterozygotes of insertion variation (+138A) were found to exhibit four-fold increase risk to @entity384 (OR=4.12, 95% CI 2.10-8.08; p=0.0001). The two rare variants ( @entity13284 transition ( @entity70773 ) at c.90 and @entity6344 transition ( @entity70774 ) at c.119) observed in the present study were found to be unique in @entity384 . The secondary mRNA structures of these variations were found to have less free energy than wild type. The haplotype analysis revealed 4A-T to be risk haplotype for @entity384 (OR 5.90, 95% CI 2.29-15.25, p=0.0001). In conclusion, @entity2232 polymorphisms (+138A, A30A, @entity70775 ) appear to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of @entity384 , as they influence the stability of protein. The increased @entity2232 production may lead to constriction of coronary arteries, reducing coronary blood flow which may in turn increase the load on left ventricle, impairing contractility of the heart resulting in a @entity384 phenotype, an end stage of @entity712 .

title: XXXX gene as a modifier in dilated @entity296 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity2232 :: (1906,Gene) :: ['Endothelin 1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study analgesic possibilities of @entity2493 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A study included 120 @entity1 , aged from 40 to 65 years, with @entity1643 . Duration of illness was not less than 12 weeks, the VAS score was >3. @entity1 were stratified into 4 groups (2 pairs of comparison). In the first pair, @entity1 of the main group (n=31) received a chondroprotector            with the addition of melaxen ( @entity2493 in dose 3 mg) and @entity1 of the control group (n=29) received only           . In the second pair, @entity1 of the control group (n=30) were treated with            and @entity3522 and @entity1 of the main group (n=30) received additionally melaxen. Treatment efficacy was assessed after 3 months for the first pair and after 1 month for the second pair. RESULTS: A significant reduction in @entity158 intensity at both resting state and movement was noted in main groups compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Due to its therapeutic efficacy and good tolerability, @entity2493 may be regarded as a drug of choice in the complex treatment of @entity1118 . Possible analgesic properties of @entity2493 and their mechanisms are discussed.

title: [ XXXX and @entity158 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain syndromes']

answer: @entity2493 :: (MESH:D008550,Chemical) :: ['Melatonin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study analgesic possibilities of @entity2493 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A study included 120 @entity1 , aged from 40 to 65 years, with @entity1643 . Duration of illness was not less than 12 weeks, the VAS score was >3. @entity1 were stratified into 4 groups (2 pairs of comparison). In the first pair, @entity1 of the main group (n=31) received a chondroprotector            with the addition of melaxen ( @entity2493 in dose 3 mg) and @entity1 of the control group (n=29) received only           . In the second pair, @entity1 of the control group (n=30) were treated with            and @entity3522 and @entity1 of the main group (n=30) received additionally melaxen. Treatment efficacy was assessed after 3 months for the first pair and after 1 month for the second pair. RESULTS: A significant reduction in @entity158 intensity at both resting state and movement was noted in main groups compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Due to its therapeutic efficacy and good tolerability, @entity2493 may be regarded as a drug of choice in the complex treatment of @entity1118 . Possible analgesic properties of @entity2493 and their mechanisms are discussed.

title: [ @entity2493 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are rare (5 per 100,000 per year). Treatment generally consists of conservative therapy or interventional therapy with epidural blood patching. Surgical treatment is conducted rarely, usually in cases when conservative or interventional treatment has failed. The aim of our case series was to assess the clinical outcome after surgery. METHODS: Our clinical database was reviewed for @entity1 with spontaneous spinal CSF leaks who underwent surgical exploration between 2010 and 2013. Etiology, symptoms, preoperative imaging, type of required surgical method, intraoperative findings, and clinical outcome were reported. RESULTS: We identified five @entity1 with a mean age of 62  years with spontaneous spinal CSF leaks who were treated surgically. Two @entity1 received surgery after failure of interventional treatment. The origin of the CSF leak could be identified intraoperatively in three cases. Surgical technique in all cases consisted of an interlaminar fenestration or hemilaminectomy and a complete foraminotomy to explore the thecal sack and the exiting nerve roots and identify the CSF leak. After surgery, the preoperative symptoms improved in all @entity1 . In one case, there was a relapse after 4  weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative identification of a CSF leak with MRI was positive in only one case. In all other cases, a post-myelography CT had to be performed. In all cases, the preoperative symptoms improved after surgery. Surgical treatment is an effective treatment of spontaneous @entity5173 in cases of refractory symptoms after failed conservative or interventional treatment.

title: Treatment strategy for cerebral hypotension caused by spontaneous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leaks']

answer: @entity5173 :: (MESH:D065634,Disease) :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leaks']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To establish whether the current training of student sonographers in both academic and clinical settings is sufficient for educating about the dangers of @entity85 ( @entity85 ). METHODS: A dual method of data collection was undertaken. Initially, a focus group was set up, involving a small group of practicing sonographers from a hospital in the United Kingdom, with the results of that survey being used to design a postal survey questionnaire. The questionnaire focused on ergonomics, scanning technique, training in physical techniques, personal general health, risk, stress, and task management. It was sent to seven participating universities across the United Kingdom. Approvals were obtained from the local ethics committees, the hospital Trust, and the academic institution. RESULTS: The focus group highlighted several areas in which improvements could be made in educating sonographers on the reduction of @entity85 . The questionnaire results indicated that students are being taught about certain aspects of @entity121 prevention by both their university and clinical mentors. Respondents received training on the prevention of @entity85 : 97% in the university setting and 81% from clinical mentors. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements need to be made in terms of educating students to perform muscle-strengthening exercises during the workday; to have a system of reporting injury; to consider personal health, well-being, and stress management in the workplace; and to evaluate the ergonomics of computer workstations.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2014;

title: Survey of UK sonographers on the prevention of @entity121 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['WRMSDs', 'work-related musculoskeletal disorders']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['WRMSD']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To establish whether the current training of student sonographers in both academic and clinical settings is sufficient for educating about the dangers of @entity85 ( @entity85 ). METHODS: A dual method of data collection was undertaken. Initially, a focus group was set up, involving a small group of practicing sonographers from a hospital in the United Kingdom, with the results of that survey being used to design a postal survey questionnaire. The questionnaire focused on ergonomics, scanning technique, training in physical techniques, personal general health, risk, stress, and task management. It was sent to seven participating universities across the United Kingdom. Approvals were obtained from the local ethics committees, the hospital Trust, and the academic institution. RESULTS: The focus group highlighted several areas in which improvements could be made in educating sonographers on the reduction of @entity85 . The questionnaire results indicated that students are being taught about certain aspects of @entity121 prevention by both their university and clinical mentors. Respondents received training on the prevention of @entity85 : 97% in the university setting and 81% from clinical mentors. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements need to be made in terms of educating students to perform muscle-strengthening exercises during the workday; to have a system of reporting injury; to consider personal health, well-being, and stress management in the workplace; and to evaluate the ergonomics of computer workstations.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2014;

title: Survey of UK sonographers on the prevention of XXXX ( @entity121 ).

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['work related muscular-skeletal disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUNDS: The @entity66 of the dependent elderly require special attention. METHODS: This screening and treatment service of @entity66 was conducted in a Veterans Home in Southern Taiwan. RESULTS: A total of 337 male residents were screened with mean age 83  years (range 46-99). 271 (80.4  %) residents were in dependent status. Their @entity272 were recorded and the distribution pattern was compared with those in the other studies. Comparing by Chi-square test, scabies, @entity2348 , chronic @entity1066 , @entity111 , and @entity1867 on the legs were present significantly in certain major systemic diseases, respectively. Higher prevalence of certain @entity272 was related to the severity of disability or major systemic diseases of the residents. @entity2517 and @entity1489 were early detected and managed. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution patterns of @entity272 in a Veterans Home were unique. It provides the evidences on appropriate management and key nursing points for dependent elderly.

title: A survey of XXXX among older male adults of a Veterans Home in Southern Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['dermatologic diseases', 'dermatological diseases']

entities_list: @entity2517 :: ('MESH:D055623', 'Disease') :: ['Actinic keratosis']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['non-melanoma skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin diseases']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['brown spots']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['dermatological diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this article is to present the functional results and the effect on quality of life of surgically treated @entity174 in physically active and working @entity1 with multiple and serious injuries. In addition, the relationships between functional and radiological outcome were evaluated and compared with activity in daily and professional life. @entity1 AND METHODS: In all, 41 injured @entity1 were followed up a mean of 47  months after surgical treatment and examined with radiological, functional, as well as quality of life score. RESULTS: In the radiological scoring, a mean value of 72  points (max 100  points) was achieved. In the activity score, there was an average of 63.5  points (max 100  points). When evaluating the health-related quality of life, an average score of 69.6  points was achieved. There was a significant relationship between radiological and activity scores and the radiological and life quality scores. Furthermore, the relationship between activity and quality of life scores was considered significant. Surgeon's influence on the functional outcome could be confirmed. CONCLUSION: The functional and the radiological results were moderate. Quality of life was permanently affected by the consequences of @entity174 in 12  @entity1 ; 11  @entity1 were not re-employed. However, the quality of life was assessed as good or very good and 28 @entity1 had returned to work. The quality of life was firmly linked to the radiological and functional parameters, which tended to be influenced by the quality of the primary surgical treatment when looking at the overall population.

title: [Quality of life and job performance resulting from operatively treated XXXX .]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['tibial plateau fractures', 'tibial plateau fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['tibial plateau fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity259 ( @entity259 ) includes @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ) and @entity259 ( @entity259 ). They have different biological behavior but are frequently analyzed together in studies. We aimed to identify factors associated with mortality in those two different @entity5 subtypes. METHODS: Case series study, with clinical-pathological analysis of the characteristics of 424 @entity1 with @entity3557 and 89 @entity1 with @entity259 , correlating them to survival rates in a single institution. RESULTS: @entity1 were followed from 1983 to 2011. Mean follow-up time was 9.4  years for @entity259 (range 1-36.6  years) and 6.8  years for @entity3557 (range 1.1-30.7  years). Mean age at diagnosis was 51.2      15.5 for @entity259 and 41      14.7  years for @entity3557 . 50.62  % of @entity259 nodules sized 1.1-4  cm and 20  % of @entity3557 sized  <=1  cm. Cox multiple regression analysis evidenced distant @entity3 at diagnosis (p  =  0.0038; relative risk (RR) 41.247, 95  % confidence interval (CI) 3.317-512.986), lymph node @entity3 at diagnosis (p  =  0.0081; RR 50.98, 95  % CI 2.783-934.026) and vascular/lymphatic invasion (p  =  0.0039; RR 40.424, 95  % CI 3.287-497.177) as factors related to mortality in @entity259 @entity1 . For @entity3557 , the factors were distant @entity3 at diagnosis (p  <  0.0001; RR 32.5, 95  % CI 6.676-158.543) and degree of differentiation (poor versus well differentiated, p  =  0.003; RR 10.4, 95  % CI 2.218-49.487). CONCLUSION: The common factor that influenced mortality for @entity259 and @entity3557 @entity1 was distant @entity3 at diagnosis, increasing mortality rate by 41 times in @entity259 and 30 times in @entity3557 @entity1 . The different factors influencing mortality for different @entity259 types highlight the importance of analyzing them separately.

title: Factors related to mortality in @entity1 with XXXX in long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['PTC', 'papillary thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['DTC', 'FTC', 'follicular thyroid cancer', 'Differentiated thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary and follicular thyroid cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity259 ( @entity259 ) includes @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ) and @entity259 ( @entity259 ). They have different biological behavior but are frequently analyzed together in studies. We aimed to identify factors associated with mortality in those two different @entity5 subtypes. METHODS: Case series study, with clinical-pathological analysis of the characteristics of 424 @entity1 with @entity3557 and 89 @entity1 with @entity259 , correlating them to survival rates in a single institution. RESULTS: @entity1 were followed from 1983 to 2011. Mean follow-up time was 9.4  years for @entity259 (range 1-36.6  years) and 6.8  years for @entity3557 (range 1.1-30.7  years). Mean age at diagnosis was 51.2      15.5 for @entity259 and 41      14.7  years for @entity3557 . 50.62  % of @entity259 nodules sized 1.1-4  cm and 20  % of @entity3557 sized  <=1  cm. Cox multiple regression analysis evidenced distant @entity3 at diagnosis (p  =  0.0038; relative risk (RR) 41.247, 95  % confidence interval (CI) 3.317-512.986), lymph node @entity3 at diagnosis (p  =  0.0081; RR 50.98, 95  % CI 2.783-934.026) and vascular/lymphatic invasion (p  =  0.0039; RR 40.424, 95  % CI 3.287-497.177) as factors related to mortality in @entity259 @entity1 . For @entity3557 , the factors were distant @entity3 at diagnosis (p  <  0.0001; RR 32.5, 95  % CI 6.676-158.543) and degree of differentiation (poor versus well differentiated, p  =  0.003; RR 10.4, 95  % CI 2.218-49.487). CONCLUSION: The common factor that influenced mortality for @entity259 and @entity3557 @entity1 was distant @entity3 at diagnosis, increasing mortality rate by 41 times in @entity259 and 30 times in @entity3557 @entity1 . The different factors influencing mortality for different @entity259 types highlight the importance of analyzing them separately.

title: Factors related to mortality in XXXX with @entity3557 in long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concussion and sports-related cranial and spine injuries recently have garnered increased attention from the media, public, and sports' governing bodies. Although concussion has been well-studied, there are minimal data on return to play for structural @entity75 . OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study current neurosurgical practice on return to play for structural @entity75 in order to eventually establish guidelines for these athletes. METHODS: A survey was sent to all American Association of Neurological Surgeons members inviting them to submit information on athletes who presented with structural @entity75 . These included both operative and nonoperative lesions. Ten examples of relevant clinical scenarios were included. Neurosurgeons were surveyed about their practice of clearing these @entity1 for return to play and about @entity1 outcomes afterwards, including any clinical sequelae. Responses were tabulated and studied to search for trends in current practice. Nonstructural cases, such as concussion and cervical strain cases, were excluded. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to test for statistical difference in the time to return for spine versus cranial, instrumented versus noninstrumented spine, and pediatric versus adult cases. RESULTS: Ninety-eight respondents entered data on a total of 189 @entity1 (118 surgical and 71 nonoperative/incidental). In the surgical category, 109 cases (41 cranial, 67 spine, and 1 @entity1897 ) met inclusion criteria. There was a significant difference in time to return between spine (88% returned  <=6 months) versus cranial (50% returned >6 months, P < 0.001), noninstrumented (55% returned  <=3 months) versus instrumented spine (92% returned >3 months, P  = 0.001), and adult (78% returned  <=6 months) versus pediatric cases (52% returned >6 months, P  = 0.021). Fifty nonoperative/incidental cases met inclusion criteria; 94% of athletes returning to play with nonoperative lesions had no reported clinical sequelae. All nonsurgical and 81% of surgical respondents required deficit resolution before return to play. CONCLUSIONS: The results presented here are the first effort to study current practice on return to play for structural @entity75 . They establish an early foundation for neurosurgical guidelines on these @entity1 .

title: Return to Play for Neurosurgical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['neurosurgical lesions']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve lesions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity450 ( @entity450 ) is suggested to be effective in rehabilitation training, but more knowledge is required about its potential muscle damaging effects. Therefore, we investigated muscle-damaging effects of @entity450 performed to failure and possible protective effects of previous bouts of @entity450 or maximal eccentric exercise (ECC). METHODS: Seventeen healthy young @entity1 were allocated into two groups completing two exercise bouts separated by 14  days. One group performed @entity450 in both exercise bouts (BB). The other group performed ECC in the first and @entity450 in the second bout. @entity450 was performed to failure. Indicators of @entity121 were evaluated before and after exercise. RESULTS: The first bout in the BB group led to decrements in maximum isometric torque, and increases in muscle soreness, muscle water retention, and serum muscle protein concentrations after exercise. These changes were comparable in magnitude and time course to what was observed after first bout ECC. An attenuated response was observed in the repeated exercise bout in both groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that unaccustomed single-bout @entity450 performed to failure induces significant @entity121 . Additionally, both ECC and @entity450 can precondition against @entity121 induced by a subsequent bout of @entity450 .

title: XXXX and repeated bout effect following blood flow restricted exercise.

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle damage']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['Blood-flow restricted resistance exercise training', 'BFRE']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['Muscle damage']