abstract: Two classes of neurons with distinct responses to opioids have been identified in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), a region with a well-documented role in nociceptive modulation. 'On-cells' are directly inhibited by opioids, and opioids can thus gain access to the modulatory circuitry of the RVM by an action on these neurons. 'Off-cells' are likely to exert a net inhibitory effect on nociceptive processing, and are activated by opioids. Because the opioid activation of off-cells is indirect, it has been proposed that on-cells function as inhibitory interneurons, and that opioid-induced suppression of on-cell firing in turn activates off-cells via disinhibition. The aim of the present study was to test this possibility. We had previously shown that excitatory @entity535 (EAA) neurotransmission is crucial to the nocifensor reflex-related on-cell burst. We therefore infused the non-selective EAA receptor antagonist @entity5373 (0.5-2 nmol, 200-500 nl) into the RVM while recording activity of on-, off- and neutral cells in lightly anesthetized @entity35 . @entity5373 infusions produced a significant decrease in on-cell firing, with suppression of the on-cell burst. Off-cells nonetheless continued to display a tail flick-related pause in firing. Tail flick latency was used as an index of nociceptive responsiveness, and was unaffected by @entity5373 infusions. These results demonstrate that a burst of on-cell firing is not required in order for the off-cell to exhibit a reflex-related pause in discharge, and do not support the proposed crucial role for on-cells as inhibitory interneurons within the RVM. In addition, preferential suppression of on-cell tiring was not associated with an increase in tail flick latency. This suggests that, under the conditions of these experiments, on-cell discharge is not a potent regulator of moment-to-moment variations in nociceptive responsiveness.

title: Analysis of excitatory XXXX transmission within the rostral ventromedial medulla: implications for circuitry.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity5373 :: ('MESH:D007736', 'Chemical') :: ['Kynurenate', 'kynurenate']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: @entity1653 are @entity5 arisising from arachnoid cells and represent the commonest asymptomatic @entity5 . We analysed 69 @entity3648 managed by the @entity5 Group of the Clinics Hospital of Medicine School of S  o Paulo University (September 1995 to September 1997). Age, sex, @entity4 degree, @entity5 site, surgical complications and mortality were studied. @entity4 degree was defined by radiological methods (CT and MRI). Forty-seven @entity1 were @entity1 and average age was 58 years. Type II of @entity4 degree was predominant (38.7%). Twenty-nine @entity1 had @entity1653 and 40 presented @entity5 . Simpson I resection was obtained in 48 procedures, II in 18 and III in two surgical removals. Nine cases complicated (transitory deficits, 6; permanent @entity281 , 2). @entity204 occurred in two @entity1 . Morbity and mortality had relation with age, falx @entity5 and attempt of radical surgical removal. @entity4 degree did not modify mortality and morbidity rates.

title: [ XXXX . Diagnosis, surgical results and complications].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'convexity tumors', 'tumors', 'intracranial tumors', 'Neurosurgical Tumor', 'benign tumors']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema', 'Edema']

entities_list: @entity3648 :: ('MESH:D015173', 'Disease') :: ['supratentorial meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['deficit, 1; and infection']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['Meningiomas', 'parasagital meningiomas']

answer: @entity3648 :: (MESH:D015173,Disease) :: ['Supratentorial meningiomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity70722 was noted in @entity1 reporting recent worsening of @entity1694 . OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine if @entity70722 -like depigmentation is a marker of rapidly progressing @entity1694 . METHODS: Review of @entity1 records and images of @entity1 from a @entity1694 registry resulted in 7 @entity1 with 12 images that fit inclusion criteria and were evaluated for percent depigmentation by 3 independent reviewers. The @entity66 Activity Score and the Koebner Phenomenon in Vitiligo Score in an additional cohort of @entity1 with @entity75 were compared with @entity1 who had @entity1694 without @entity75 . RESULTS: The mean percentage of depigmentation at baseline was 19.2%, which increased to 43.9% in images obtained at a mean of 16  weeks of follow-up. @entity66 Activity Score and Koebner Phenomenon in Vitiligo Score were significantly higher in the @entity1 with @entity75 compared with those without @entity75 . A skin biopsy specimen of a @entity70722 -like lesion in 1 @entity1 revealed an inflammatory infiltrate in the papillary dermis with @entity405 (+) T cells localized to the dermoepidermal junction. LIMITATIONS: Small, single-center retrospective review and lack of full-body photographs are limitations. CONCLUSIONS: A @entity70722 -like pattern of depigmentation may be a negative prognostic indicator for @entity1 with rapidly progressing @entity1694 . Further, prospective studies to evaluate this physical finding should be performed.

title: XXXX : A potential sign of rapidly progressing @entity1694 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity70722 :: ('OMIM:609165', 'Disease') :: ['Confetti-like depigmentation', 'confetti']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Vitiligo Disease']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['confetti-like lesions']

answer: @entity70722 :: (OMIM:609165,Disease) :: ['Confetti-like depigmentation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity70722 was noted in @entity1 reporting recent worsening of @entity1694 . OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine if @entity70722 -like depigmentation is a marker of rapidly progressing @entity1694 . METHODS: Review of @entity1 records and images of @entity1 from a @entity1694 registry resulted in 7 @entity1 with 12 images that fit inclusion criteria and were evaluated for percent depigmentation by 3 independent reviewers. The @entity66 Activity Score and the Koebner Phenomenon in Vitiligo Score in an additional cohort of @entity1 with @entity75 were compared with @entity1 who had @entity1694 without @entity75 . RESULTS: The mean percentage of depigmentation at baseline was 19.2%, which increased to 43.9% in images obtained at a mean of 16  weeks of follow-up. @entity66 Activity Score and Koebner Phenomenon in Vitiligo Score were significantly higher in the @entity1 with @entity75 compared with those without @entity75 . A skin biopsy specimen of a @entity70722 -like lesion in 1 @entity1 revealed an inflammatory infiltrate in the papillary dermis with @entity405 (+) T cells localized to the dermoepidermal junction. LIMITATIONS: Small, single-center retrospective review and lack of full-body photographs are limitations. CONCLUSIONS: A @entity70722 -like pattern of depigmentation may be a negative prognostic indicator for @entity1 with rapidly progressing @entity1694 . Further, prospective studies to evaluate this physical finding should be performed.

title: @entity70722 : A potential sign of rapidly progressing XXXX .

answer: @entity1694 :: (MESH:D014820,Disease) :: ['vitiligo']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity11533 ( @entity11533 ) is a systemic @entity32 that is clinically characterized by a heterogeneous constellation of symptoms and signs. Though an evanescent eruption is the classic cutaneous finding, recent literature has highlighted atypical rashes associated with Still disease. A second emerging concept in presentations of @entity11533 is its association with @entity5 . This review focuses on these concepts: the clinical spectrum of atypical skin manifestations and @entity11533 as a @entity8231 phenomenon. PubMed-MEDLINE was screened for peer-reviewed articles describing atypical presentations of @entity11533 and cases associated with @entity5 . Erythematous, brown or violaceous, persistent papules and plaques were the most common cutaneous finding (28/30 [93%]). Linear configurations were also rarely described. Of these @entity1 , 81% concurrently had the typical evanescent @entity272 . There were 31 @entity1 with associated @entity5 , most commonly @entity0 . The diagnosis of @entity5 did not precede or immediately follow a clinical presentation otherwise consistent with @entity11533 in a considerable subset of @entity1 (42%). Understanding the cutaneous spectrum of @entity11533 and heightened awareness for its delayed association with @entity5 may lead to improved recognition of cutaneous variants and reinforce the need for diagnostic evaluation and long-term follow-up for @entity5 in @entity1 with this clinical presentation.

title: Updates in adult-onset Still disease: Atypical cutaneous manifestations and associations with delayed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disorder']

entities_list: @entity11533 :: ('MESH:D016706', 'Disease') :: ['Adult-onset Still disease', 'AOSD']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer and lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin eruption']

entities_list: @entity8231 :: ('MESH:D010257', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignancy']


abstract: Seventy-five embryos were collected 6 days after ovulation. Sixty embryos were frozen in straws using @entity653 as the cryoprotectant in an automatic freezer. In Experiment 1 the freezing and thawing media were supplemented with 1.3 g/l @entity12468 ; in Experiment 2 the supplement was 5% FCS. The embryos were thawed for 30 s at +37 degrees C in a waterbath. In Experiment 1 @entity653 was removed from 10 embryos in 6 steps. In 10 other embryos, @entity653 and @entity969 were both removed from the medium in 6 steps. After @entity653 and @entity969 removal, the embryos were stained with @entity14939 ( @entity14939 ) to count the percentage of dead cells. Fluorescent rate (FR) was defined as a ratio of fluorescent area versus total area. Mean (+/- s.d.) FR in this experiment was significantly lower (P<0.01) in embryos thawed with @entity969 (0.28 +/- 0.13) than in embryos thawed with @entity653 alone (0.53 +/- 0.25). In Experiment 2, 40 embryos were frozen and @entity653 , with or without @entity969 , was removed after thawing as for Experiment 1. Ten embryos in both groups were stained with @entity14939 . All the frozen-thawed embryos were transferred nonsurgically to recipient mares. Fourteen fresh embryos were transferred as controls, 7 of which were stained with @entity14939 before transfer. There was no difference in pregnancy rates between @entity14939 -stained versus nonstained embryos, indicating that the staining process had no negative effects on embryonic survival. Insufficient embryos were transferred to be able to demonstrate any difference in pregnancy rates between embryos thawed with or without @entity969 in the medium.

title: The effect of XXXX in the thawing solution on the morphology and mobility of frozen equine embryos.

entities_list: @entity14939 :: ('MESH:C007293', 'Chemical') :: ['DAPI', "4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole"]

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

answer: @entity969 :: (MESH:D013395,Chemical) :: ['sucrose']


abstract: Loss of chromosomes is a recurrent event in @entity5 . Chromosome-10 losses occur with @entity5 progression and characterize advanced @entity11 . This chromosome carries many genes involved in @entity413 metabolism. Hexokinase (HK) gene is located on chromosome-10. Hexokinase enzymatic activity is decreased in @entity463 . Hexokinase enables @entity413 entry into glycolysis and is critical for these highly glycolytic @entity5 . These enzyme is either free in the cytosol or bound to the mitochondrial outer membrane. Disturbance of HK binding to mitochondria by @entity19981 led to inhibition of cells and xenografted- @entity11 growth. Hexokinase bind to a mitochondrial porin which involved peripheral @entity1245 receptors. Inhibition of HK and peripheral @entity1245 receptors by @entity19981 and @entity3175 led to synergistic antitumoral activity in xenografted @entity11 . Co-inhibition of these two receptors will lead to a decrease in glycolysis, often elevated in these @entity5 , without modifying energetic metabolism of normal cells.

title: [Targeting the gene of XXXX metabolism for the treatment of advanced @entity11 ].

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine']

entities_list: @entity19981 :: ('MESH:C016371', 'Chemical') :: ['lonidamine']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastomas']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: Loss of chromosomes is a recurrent event in @entity5 . Chromosome-10 losses occur with @entity5 progression and characterize advanced @entity11 . This chromosome carries many genes involved in @entity413 metabolism. Hexokinase (HK) gene is located on chromosome-10. Hexokinase enzymatic activity is decreased in @entity463 . Hexokinase enables @entity413 entry into glycolysis and is critical for these highly glycolytic @entity5 . These enzyme is either free in the cytosol or bound to the mitochondrial outer membrane. Disturbance of HK binding to mitochondria by @entity19981 led to inhibition of cells and xenografted- @entity11 growth. Hexokinase bind to a mitochondrial porin which involved peripheral @entity1245 receptors. Inhibition of HK and peripheral @entity1245 receptors by @entity19981 and @entity3175 led to synergistic antitumoral activity in xenografted @entity11 . Co-inhibition of these two receptors will lead to a decrease in glycolysis, often elevated in these @entity5 , without modifying energetic metabolism of normal cells.

title: [Targeting the gene of @entity413 metabolism for the treatment of advanced XXXX ].

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We hypothesize that after successful closed reduction of pediatric greenstick fractures of the forearm, there is a low rate of lost reduction requiring intervention. By reducing the frequency of clinical and radiographic follow-up, we can reduce costs and radiation exposure. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on @entity1 aged 2 to 16 years treated with closed reduction and cast immobilization for greenstick fractures of the forearm at our institution between 2003 and 2013. The primary endpoint was a healed @entity174 with acceptable alignment at the final radiographic evaluation. Time-derived activity-based costing was used for cost analysis. We estimated radiation exposure in consultation with our hospital's radiation safety office. RESULTS: One hundred and nine @entity1 with an average age of 6.9 years (range, 2 to 15 y) met the inclusion criteria. The initial maximal @entity174 angulation of the affected radius and/or ulna averaged 19.3 (SD=  8.7) degrees (range, 2 to 55 degrees). @entity1 were followed for an average of 60 days (range, 19 to 635 d). On average, @entity1 received 3.6 follow-up clinical visits and 3.5 sets of radiographs following immediate emergency department care. Ninety-four percent of @entity1 met criteria for acceptable radiographic alignment. Only 1 @entity1 (0.9%; 95% confidence interval, 0.2%-5.0%) underwent rereduction, as determined by the treating physician. If clinical follow-up were limited to 2 visits and 3 sets of radiographs total, there would be a 14.3% reduction in total cost of @entity174 care and a 41% reduction in radiation exposure. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective study suggests that pediatric greenstick fractures of the forearm rarely require intervention after initial closed reduction. We propose that 2 clinical follow-up visits and 3 sets of radiographs would reduce overall care costs and radiation exposure without compromising clinical results. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV-economic and decision analyses.

title: Reducing Cost and Radiation Exposure During the Treatment of XXXX of the Forearm.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Pediatric Greenstick Fractures']


abstract: @entity1724 ( @entity1724 ), usually confined to the nasopharynx, @entity825 , and larynx, occasionally can progress to extensive @entity66 . Most cases of @entity16850 are cytologically benign and do not undergo malignant transformation; however, @entity957 ( @entity957 ) can arise in @entity1724 in the absence of known risk factors such as radiation and smoking. In this study, the authors investigated molecular genetic alterations occurring in a case of metastasizing @entity957 that arose in long-standing @entity1185 . Genomic DNA from @entity8276 , @entity19926 , @entity957 of the lung, and a lymph node @entity3 was extracted. The physical state of the @entity1082 type 11 (HPV-11) DNA was investigated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Molecular genetic alterations of the host genome were studied by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction-amplified gene fragments and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Episomal and integrated forms of HPV-11 sequences were detected in histologically benign @entity5 , but only the integrated form of the viral DNA could be found in malignant tissue samples. Molecular genetic studies revealed that an allelic loss of the interferon-beta gene (IFNbeta-1) and an endogenous type of mutation of the @entity876 antioncogene were found only in the @entity5 . Mutations were not observed in the ras, neu, or multiple @entity5 suppressor ( @entity986 / @entity986 ) genes in any specimens. The authors' data indicated that the @entity876 genetic mutation was associated with integration of HPV-11 in histologically @entity5 . This association may promote a progressive genetic instability that can lead to the development and clonal expansion of @entity5 in @entity1724 .

title: Malignant transformation of recurrent @entity1724 associated with integrated @entity1082 type 11 DNA and mutation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity16850 :: ('MESH:C537876', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary and laryngeal papillomatosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity1724 :: ('MESH:C535297', 'Disease') :: ['Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis', 'RRP']

entities_list: @entity19926 :: ('MESH:C566362', 'Disease') :: ['tracheobronchial papillomata']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'malignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary papillomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity8276 :: ('MESH:D014133', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal papillomata']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: @entity1724 ( @entity1724 ), usually confined to the nasopharynx, @entity825 , and larynx, occasionally can progress to extensive @entity66 . Most cases of @entity16850 are cytologically benign and do not undergo malignant transformation; however, @entity957 ( @entity957 ) can arise in @entity1724 in the absence of known risk factors such as radiation and smoking. In this study, the authors investigated molecular genetic alterations occurring in a case of metastasizing @entity957 that arose in long-standing @entity1185 . Genomic DNA from @entity8276 , @entity19926 , @entity957 of the lung, and a lymph node @entity3 was extracted. The physical state of the @entity1082 type 11 (HPV-11) DNA was investigated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Molecular genetic alterations of the host genome were studied by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction-amplified gene fragments and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Episomal and integrated forms of HPV-11 sequences were detected in histologically benign @entity5 , but only the integrated form of the viral DNA could be found in malignant tissue samples. Molecular genetic studies revealed that an allelic loss of the interferon-beta gene (IFNbeta-1) and an endogenous type of mutation of the @entity876 antioncogene were found only in the @entity5 . Mutations were not observed in the ras, neu, or multiple @entity5 suppressor ( @entity986 / @entity986 ) genes in any specimens. The authors' data indicated that the @entity876 genetic mutation was associated with integration of HPV-11 in histologically @entity5 . This association may promote a progressive genetic instability that can lead to the development and clonal expansion of @entity5 in @entity1724 .

title: Malignant transformation of recurrent @entity1724 associated with integrated XXXX type 11 DNA and mutation of @entity876 .

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: @entity1724 ( @entity1724 ), usually confined to the nasopharynx, @entity825 , and larynx, occasionally can progress to extensive @entity66 . Most cases of @entity16850 are cytologically benign and do not undergo malignant transformation; however, @entity957 ( @entity957 ) can arise in @entity1724 in the absence of known risk factors such as radiation and smoking. In this study, the authors investigated molecular genetic alterations occurring in a case of metastasizing @entity957 that arose in long-standing @entity1185 . Genomic DNA from @entity8276 , @entity19926 , @entity957 of the lung, and a lymph node @entity3 was extracted. The physical state of the @entity1082 type 11 (HPV-11) DNA was investigated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Molecular genetic alterations of the host genome were studied by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction-amplified gene fragments and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Episomal and integrated forms of HPV-11 sequences were detected in histologically benign @entity5 , but only the integrated form of the viral DNA could be found in malignant tissue samples. Molecular genetic studies revealed that an allelic loss of the interferon-beta gene (IFNbeta-1) and an endogenous type of mutation of the @entity876 antioncogene were found only in the @entity5 . Mutations were not observed in the ras, neu, or multiple @entity5 suppressor ( @entity986 / @entity986 ) genes in any specimens. The authors' data indicated that the @entity876 genetic mutation was associated with integration of HPV-11 in histologically @entity5 . This association may promote a progressive genetic instability that can lead to the development and clonal expansion of @entity5 in @entity1724 .

title: Malignant transformation of recurrent XXXX associated with integrated @entity1082 type 11 DNA and mutation of @entity876 .

answer: @entity1724 :: (MESH:C535297,Disease) :: ['respiratory papillomatosis']


abstract: We have adopted @entity1012 as a sclerosing agent in the treatment of cystic predominant thyroid nodules and have analyzed our findings to assess the efficacy of intralesional instillation of @entity1012 . From 1992 through 1993, 48 @entity1 with recurrent or progressive cystic thyroid nodules after 2 or 3 aspirations alone, and whom were cytologically negative for @entity5 , were used for this study. The @entity1012 solution was prepared by dissolving 0.1 mg of @entity1012 in 2 ml of physiologic saline and it was instilled in the amount of 1/10-to-1/5 of the aspirated cystic fluid. A repeated course of therapy was given up to 3 times when sufficient resolution was not obtained 4-to-6 weeks after treatment. The mean number of treatment sessions per @entity1 was 1.5. Throughout the follow-up period from 30-to-45 months (mean, 38 months), 32 (66.7%) @entity1 experienced an almost complete disappearance (< 0.05 cm in diameter) of the @entity5409 , and 12 (25%) @entity1 responded partially by having it decrease by more than half (> 0.5 cm in diameter) of the initial cyst size, and none of these @entity1 required further treatment. The remaining 4 (8.3%) @entity1 showed insufficient resolution despite 3 courses of therapy and 2 of these @entity1 underwent thyroidectomy, in which the lesion proved benign in both cases. All of the @entity1 tolerated the sclerotherapy well. No significant local complications attributed to this treatment were observed. However, a low-grade fever was observed in 26 (54.2%) @entity1 for 2 to 5 days after instillation, which subsided with symptomatic treatment. On the basis of our experience, @entity1012 sclerotherapy appears to be safe, simple and effective, and can be a useful alternative treatment for cystic thyroid nodules.

title: Sclerotherapy with XXXX for recurrent cystic thyroid nodule.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

answer: @entity1012 :: (MESH:D010844,Chemical) :: ['OK-432']


abstract: BACKGROUND: When severe symptoms of @entity1066 persist despite medical management, surgery may be necessary. METHODS: A retrospective review was carried out of 81 @entity1 undergoing surgery for @entity1066 in the 10-year period from 1984 to 1993 to determine the long-term outcome at a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Of the 81 @entity1 , 15 were excluded from further analysis (11 were followed up for less than 12 months, two died and two were lost to follow-up). Sixty-six @entity1 were studied (median age 38 (range 15-77) years; 53 female). Of these, 49 underwent rectopexy, nine Delorme's operation, two anterior resection and four creation of a stoma as the initial operation. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 90 (range 12-177) months, the rectopexy had failed in 22 of 49 @entity1 ; 19 of these @entity1 underwent further surgery, including rectal resection with coloanal @entity254 (four with three failures), colostomy (11) and other procedures (four). Ultimately, 14 required a stoma. Constipation was the indication for a stoma in nine of the 11 @entity1 who had colostomy as the first procedure after failure of rectopexy. Nine @entity1 had Delorme's operation as the first procedure. At median follow-up of 38 (range 19-107) months, there were four failures. Two of these ultimately required a stoma. Of the seven @entity1 who underwent anterior resection as the initial or subsequent procedure, a stoma was finally necessary in four. Anterior resection used as a salvage procedure was not successful. The overall stoma rate was 30 per cent (20 @entity1 ). Of 11 symptoms assessed before operation only @entity322 and incomplete evacuation were related to a poor outcome following surgery. CONCLUSION: Antiprolapse operations result in a satisfactory long-term outcome in about 55-60 per cent of @entity1 having surgery for @entity1066 . Results of anterior resection are disappointing.

title: Long-term clinical outcome of surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['solitary rectal ulcer syndrome']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['solitary rectal ulcer syndrome']


abstract: Nasal airway obstruction may exacerbate @entity387 and is difficult to quantify on clinical examination. In this study, we examined the relationship among nasal patency, the frequency of @entity387 events, and effective nasal continuous positive air pressures. Acoustic rhinometry was used as an objective measurement of nasal cross-sectional areas in 76 @entity1 without nasal symptoms who underwent study with diagnostic polysomnography because of @entity27 . @entity1 with @entity27 were titrated to nasal continuous positive air pressure in a split night study. All subjects had a mean @entity386 / @entity387 index of 28, and those with @entity27 had a mean @entity386 / @entity387 index of 43. Mean cross-sectional areas 1 to 4 cm into the nose were 1.7, 1.1, 2.1, and 2.8 cm2, respectively (F = 39, p < 0.001). However, there was no correlation between the @entity386 / @entity387 index and the cross-sectional area at the four distances (r = 0.03, 0.06, 0.02, and 0.02, respectively, p = not significant). Correlations between nasal continuous positive air pressures and cross-sectional areas did not reveal a significant relationship at any of the four sites (r = 0.09, 0.07, -0.03, 0.00, respectively). Findings in @entity1 with @entity386 were also compared with those in @entity1 without @entity386 and significant differences were not found (F = 0.019, p = not significant). Although it would seem intuitive that increased nasal obstruction is associated with the severity of @entity27 and difficulty with the use of nasal continuous positive air pressure, this study shows that nasal patency, as measured by acoustic rhinometry, does not correlate with the severity of @entity27 , as determined by the @entity386 / @entity387 index or the effective nasal continuous positive air pressure.

title: Nasal patency and the effectiveness of nasal continuous positive air pressure XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['persistent obstructive sleep apnea', 'obstructive sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['hypopnea', 'sleep apnea']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['in obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification of @entity5 antigens is crucial for the development of vaccination strategies against @entity157 ( @entity157 ). Most studies come from eastern-Asia, where @entity1956 is the main cause of @entity157 . However, @entity5 antigen expression is poorly studied in low-endemic, western areas where the aetiology of @entity157 differs. METHODS: We constructed tissue microarrays from resected @entity157 tissue of 133 @entity1 . Expression of a comprehensive panel of @entity5 ( @entity6472 , @entity70723 , @entity56388 , @entity7488 , MAGE-C2, @entity16051 , @entity24984 , @entity26951 ), onco-fetal ( @entity160 , @entity16412 ) and @entity5 antigens ( @entity10784 , @entity3969 -1, Survivin, Midkine, @entity2355 ) was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: A higher prevalence of MAGE antigens was observed in @entity1 with @entity1956 . @entity1 with expression of more @entity5 antigens in general had better @entity157 -specific survival (P=0.022). The four @entity5 antigens with high expression in @entity157 and no, or weak, expression in surrounding @entity96 , were @entity10784 , @entity16412 , @entity7488 and MAGE-C2, expressed in 90, 39, 17 and 20% of HCCs, respectively. Ninety-five percent of HCCs expressed at least one of these four @entity5 antigens. Interestingly, @entity16412 was associated with @entity15693 expression (P=0.001), an oncofetal transcription factor highly expressed in embryonal stem cells. @entity15693 and @entity16412 expression levels were correlated with vascular invasion, poor differentiation and higher @entity160 levels before surgery. Moreover, @entity1 who co-expressed higher levels of both @entity16412 and @entity15693 had worse @entity157 -specific survival (P=0.018). CONCLUSIONS: We describe a panel of four @entity5 antigens with excellent coverage and good @entity5 specificity in a western area, low-endemic for @entity1956 . The association between @entity16412 and @entity15693 is a novel finding and suggests that @entity16412 targeting may specifically attack the @entity5 stem-cell compartment.

title: Tumour antigen expression in XXXX in a low-endemic western area.

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis-B']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-testis', 'tumour', 'overexpressed tumour']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['tumour-free-liver tissue']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ['Wilms tumor']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma', 'HCC']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: PSTPIP is a @entity669 -phosphorylated protein involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton. Its ectopic expression induces filipodial-like membrane extensions in NIH 3T3 cells. We previously observed a defect in cytokinesis and an increase in the @entity669 phosphorylation of PSTPIP in @entity70724 -deficient fibroblasts. In this article, we demonstrate that @entity70724 and PSTPIP are found in the same complexes in vivo and that they interact directly through the CTH domain of @entity70724 and the coiled-coil domain of PSTPIP. We tested pathways that could regulate the @entity669 phosphorylation of PSTPIP. We found that the activation of the epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors can induce PSTPIP phosphorylation. With the use of the @entity29687 inhibitor, we demonstrate that @entity19640 kinases are not involved in the epidermal growth factor-mediated phosphorylation of PSTPIP. Together with previous results, this suggests that @entity17225 is the critical @entity669 kinase downstream of growth factor receptors responsible for PSTPIP phosphorylation. We also demonstrate that @entity70724 dephosphorylates PSTPIP at @entity669 344. Importantly, we identified @entity669 344 as the main phosphorylation site of PSTPIP by performing tryptic phosphopeptide maps. This is an important finding since @entity669 367 of PSTPIP was also proposed as a candidate phosphorylation site involved in the negative regulation of the association between PSTPIP and @entity70725 . In this respect, we observed that the PSTPIP. @entity70725 complex is stable in vivo and is not affected by the phosphorylation of PSTPIP. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PSTPIP serves as a scaffold protein between @entity70724 and @entity70725 and allows @entity70724 to dephosphorylate @entity70725 . This finding suggests a possible mechanism for @entity70724 to directly modulate actin remodeling through the PSTPIP- @entity70725 interaction.

title: PSTPIP is a substrate of XXXX and serves as a scaffold guiding @entity70724 toward a specific dephosphorylation of @entity70725 .

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity70724 :: (19248(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['PTP-PEST']


abstract: PSTPIP is a @entity669 -phosphorylated protein involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton. Its ectopic expression induces filipodial-like membrane extensions in NIH 3T3 cells. We previously observed a defect in cytokinesis and an increase in the @entity669 phosphorylation of PSTPIP in @entity70724 -deficient fibroblasts. In this article, we demonstrate that @entity70724 and PSTPIP are found in the same complexes in vivo and that they interact directly through the CTH domain of @entity70724 and the coiled-coil domain of PSTPIP. We tested pathways that could regulate the @entity669 phosphorylation of PSTPIP. We found that the activation of the epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors can induce PSTPIP phosphorylation. With the use of the @entity29687 inhibitor, we demonstrate that @entity19640 kinases are not involved in the epidermal growth factor-mediated phosphorylation of PSTPIP. Together with previous results, this suggests that @entity17225 is the critical @entity669 kinase downstream of growth factor receptors responsible for PSTPIP phosphorylation. We also demonstrate that @entity70724 dephosphorylates PSTPIP at @entity669 344. Importantly, we identified @entity669 344 as the main phosphorylation site of PSTPIP by performing tryptic phosphopeptide maps. This is an important finding since @entity669 367 of PSTPIP was also proposed as a candidate phosphorylation site involved in the negative regulation of the association between PSTPIP and @entity70725 . In this respect, we observed that the PSTPIP. @entity70725 complex is stable in vivo and is not affected by the phosphorylation of PSTPIP. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PSTPIP serves as a scaffold protein between @entity70724 and @entity70725 and allows @entity70724 to dephosphorylate @entity70725 . This finding suggests a possible mechanism for @entity70724 to directly modulate actin remodeling through the PSTPIP- @entity70725 interaction.

title: PSTPIP is a substrate of @entity70724 and serves as a scaffold guiding XXXX toward a specific dephosphorylation of @entity70725 .

answer: @entity70724 :: (19248(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['PTP-PEST']


abstract: PSTPIP is a @entity669 -phosphorylated protein involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton. Its ectopic expression induces filipodial-like membrane extensions in NIH 3T3 cells. We previously observed a defect in cytokinesis and an increase in the @entity669 phosphorylation of PSTPIP in @entity70724 -deficient fibroblasts. In this article, we demonstrate that @entity70724 and PSTPIP are found in the same complexes in vivo and that they interact directly through the CTH domain of @entity70724 and the coiled-coil domain of PSTPIP. We tested pathways that could regulate the @entity669 phosphorylation of PSTPIP. We found that the activation of the epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors can induce PSTPIP phosphorylation. With the use of the @entity29687 inhibitor, we demonstrate that @entity19640 kinases are not involved in the epidermal growth factor-mediated phosphorylation of PSTPIP. Together with previous results, this suggests that @entity17225 is the critical @entity669 kinase downstream of growth factor receptors responsible for PSTPIP phosphorylation. We also demonstrate that @entity70724 dephosphorylates PSTPIP at @entity669 344. Importantly, we identified @entity669 344 as the main phosphorylation site of PSTPIP by performing tryptic phosphopeptide maps. This is an important finding since @entity669 367 of PSTPIP was also proposed as a candidate phosphorylation site involved in the negative regulation of the association between PSTPIP and @entity70725 . In this respect, we observed that the PSTPIP. @entity70725 complex is stable in vivo and is not affected by the phosphorylation of PSTPIP. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PSTPIP serves as a scaffold protein between @entity70724 and @entity70725 and allows @entity70724 to dephosphorylate @entity70725 . This finding suggests a possible mechanism for @entity70724 to directly modulate actin remodeling through the PSTPIP- @entity70725 interaction.

title: PSTPIP is a substrate of @entity70724 and serves as a scaffold guiding @entity70724 toward a specific dephosphorylation of XXXX .

answer: @entity70725 :: (22376(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['WASP']


abstract: The phospholipid-binding plasma protein @entity9500 ( @entity9500 ) is the primary antigen recognized by the circulating autoantibodies in @entity1 with the " @entity1701 " ( @entity1701 ). Although heparin is routinely used in the treatment and prophylaxis of @entity1701 @entity1 , the primary heparin-binding site within @entity9500 has not been identified. More importantly, how heparin exerts its beneficial effects in vivo in @entity1701 @entity1 has not been deduced at the molecular level. Using an expression/site-directed mutagenesis approach, we now show that the positively charged site that resides in the first domain of @entity9500 is not the primary heparin-binding site. Rather it is the second positively charged site located within the fifth domain of the protein that also binds to phospholipids. Lys(284), Lys(286), and Lys(287) in this domain are essential for the interaction of @entity9500 with heparin. These data indicate that @entity9500 binds to heparin in a relatively specific manner even though the affinity for the interaction is rather low. Lys(317) resides in the center of the high affinity phospholipid-binding site. Surprisingly, heparin at concentrations that can be achieved in vivo during anticoagulation therapy greatly enhances the @entity1351 -mediated cleavage of the Lys(317)-Thr(318) site in @entity9500 . Because the cleaved form cannot bind to phospholipids effectively, the combined actions of heparin and @entity1351 result in a diminished ability of @entity9500 to recognize phospholipids. This, in turn, decreases the prothrombotic activity of the endogenous circulating anti- @entity9500 antibodies in the @entity1 . Thus, heparin exerts its beneficial effects in @entity1701 @entity1 by at least two distinct mechanisms.

title: Heparin inhibits the binding of beta 2-glycoprotein I to phospholipids and promotes the XXXX -mediated inactivation of this blood protein. Elucidation of the consequences of the two biological events in @entity1 with the @entity1701 .

entities_list: @entity9500 :: ('350', 'Gene') :: ['beta2-glycoprotein I', 'beta2-GPI']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['anti-phospholipid syndrome', 'APS']

answer: @entity1351 :: (5340,Gene) :: ['plasmin']


abstract: The phospholipid-binding plasma protein @entity9500 ( @entity9500 ) is the primary antigen recognized by the circulating autoantibodies in @entity1 with the " @entity1701 " ( @entity1701 ). Although heparin is routinely used in the treatment and prophylaxis of @entity1701 @entity1 , the primary heparin-binding site within @entity9500 has not been identified. More importantly, how heparin exerts its beneficial effects in vivo in @entity1701 @entity1 has not been deduced at the molecular level. Using an expression/site-directed mutagenesis approach, we now show that the positively charged site that resides in the first domain of @entity9500 is not the primary heparin-binding site. Rather it is the second positively charged site located within the fifth domain of the protein that also binds to phospholipids. Lys(284), Lys(286), and Lys(287) in this domain are essential for the interaction of @entity9500 with heparin. These data indicate that @entity9500 binds to heparin in a relatively specific manner even though the affinity for the interaction is rather low. Lys(317) resides in the center of the high affinity phospholipid-binding site. Surprisingly, heparin at concentrations that can be achieved in vivo during anticoagulation therapy greatly enhances the @entity1351 -mediated cleavage of the Lys(317)-Thr(318) site in @entity9500 . Because the cleaved form cannot bind to phospholipids effectively, the combined actions of heparin and @entity1351 result in a diminished ability of @entity9500 to recognize phospholipids. This, in turn, decreases the prothrombotic activity of the endogenous circulating anti- @entity9500 antibodies in the @entity1 . Thus, heparin exerts its beneficial effects in @entity1701 @entity1 by at least two distinct mechanisms.

title: Heparin inhibits the binding of beta 2-glycoprotein I to phospholipids and promotes the @entity1351 -mediated inactivation of this blood protein. Elucidation of the consequences of the two biological events in @entity1 with the XXXX .

answer: @entity1701 :: (MESH:D016736,Disease) :: ['anti-phospholipid syndrome']


abstract: The phospholipid-binding plasma protein @entity9500 ( @entity9500 ) is the primary antigen recognized by the circulating autoantibodies in @entity1 with the " @entity1701 " ( @entity1701 ). Although heparin is routinely used in the treatment and prophylaxis of @entity1701 @entity1 , the primary heparin-binding site within @entity9500 has not been identified. More importantly, how heparin exerts its beneficial effects in vivo in @entity1701 @entity1 has not been deduced at the molecular level. Using an expression/site-directed mutagenesis approach, we now show that the positively charged site that resides in the first domain of @entity9500 is not the primary heparin-binding site. Rather it is the second positively charged site located within the fifth domain of the protein that also binds to phospholipids. Lys(284), Lys(286), and Lys(287) in this domain are essential for the interaction of @entity9500 with heparin. These data indicate that @entity9500 binds to heparin in a relatively specific manner even though the affinity for the interaction is rather low. Lys(317) resides in the center of the high affinity phospholipid-binding site. Surprisingly, heparin at concentrations that can be achieved in vivo during anticoagulation therapy greatly enhances the @entity1351 -mediated cleavage of the Lys(317)-Thr(318) site in @entity9500 . Because the cleaved form cannot bind to phospholipids effectively, the combined actions of heparin and @entity1351 result in a diminished ability of @entity9500 to recognize phospholipids. This, in turn, decreases the prothrombotic activity of the endogenous circulating anti- @entity9500 antibodies in the @entity1 . Thus, heparin exerts its beneficial effects in @entity1701 @entity1 by at least two distinct mechanisms.

title: Heparin inhibits the binding of beta 2-glycoprotein I to phospholipids and promotes the @entity1351 -mediated inactivation of this blood protein. Elucidation of the consequences of the two biological events in XXXX with the @entity1701 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Obesity is a serious worldwide disease, which is growing in epidemic proportions. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are characterized as a source of mesenchymal stem cells that have acted as a potential application for regeneration. Recently, seaweeds rich in @entity3088 and polysaccharides have been supposed to show the ability to modulate risk factors for @entity28 and @entity66 . In the present study, we investigated the anti- @entity28 properties of high stability @entity46469 (HS-Fx) derived from brown seaweeds on the adipogenesis of ADSCs upon treatment with @entity7609 (PA). First, we showed the differentiation capability of ADSCs from morbid @entity28 @entity1 to transform into different cell types. Second, we found that the co-treatment of ADSCs with HS-Fx and PA showed no significant @entity137 against ADSCs, but PA induced the elevation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) and lipid droplet accumulation was abolished. Thirdly, the PA-mediated down-regulation of lipid metabolism genes was reversed by the treatment of HS-Fx. By long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) screening, we found that PA-induced increases in the targeted lncRNAs were also decreased upon treatment with HS-Fx. On Silencing, these lncRNAs corresponded to the decrease in the lipid droplet accumulation of ADSCs induced by PA. ADSCs from @entity28 @entity1 would be direct and meaningful model cells to investigate the development of @entity28 and their treatments, rather than cell lines from other species. HS-Fx showed anti- @entity28 capability through modulating the elevation of ROS, down-regulation of lipid metabolism genes induced by PA, and upstream signaling, which might be critically resulted from the expression of lncRNAs.

title: Inhibitory effects of high stability XXXX on @entity7609 -induced lipid accumulation in @entity1 adipose-derived stem cells through modulation of long non-coding RNA.

entities_list: @entity46469 :: ('MESH:C025164', 'Chemical') :: ['fucoxanthin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['related diseases']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity-related diseases', 'obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3088 :: ('MESH:D005419', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoids']

entities_list: @entity7609 :: ('MESH:D019308', 'Chemical') :: ['palmitic acid']

answer: @entity46469 :: (MESH:C025164,Chemical) :: ['fucoxanthin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Obesity is a serious worldwide disease, which is growing in epidemic proportions. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are characterized as a source of mesenchymal stem cells that have acted as a potential application for regeneration. Recently, seaweeds rich in @entity3088 and polysaccharides have been supposed to show the ability to modulate risk factors for @entity28 and @entity66 . In the present study, we investigated the anti- @entity28 properties of high stability @entity46469 (HS-Fx) derived from brown seaweeds on the adipogenesis of ADSCs upon treatment with @entity7609 (PA). First, we showed the differentiation capability of ADSCs from morbid @entity28 @entity1 to transform into different cell types. Second, we found that the co-treatment of ADSCs with HS-Fx and PA showed no significant @entity137 against ADSCs, but PA induced the elevation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) and lipid droplet accumulation was abolished. Thirdly, the PA-mediated down-regulation of lipid metabolism genes was reversed by the treatment of HS-Fx. By long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) screening, we found that PA-induced increases in the targeted lncRNAs were also decreased upon treatment with HS-Fx. On Silencing, these lncRNAs corresponded to the decrease in the lipid droplet accumulation of ADSCs induced by PA. ADSCs from @entity28 @entity1 would be direct and meaningful model cells to investigate the development of @entity28 and their treatments, rather than cell lines from other species. HS-Fx showed anti- @entity28 capability through modulating the elevation of ROS, down-regulation of lipid metabolism genes induced by PA, and upstream signaling, which might be critically resulted from the expression of lncRNAs.

title: Inhibitory effects of high stability @entity46469 on XXXX -induced lipid accumulation in @entity1 adipose-derived stem cells through modulation of long non-coding RNA.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity7609 :: (MESH:D019308,Chemical) :: ['palmitic acid']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Obesity is a serious worldwide disease, which is growing in epidemic proportions. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are characterized as a source of mesenchymal stem cells that have acted as a potential application for regeneration. Recently, seaweeds rich in @entity3088 and polysaccharides have been supposed to show the ability to modulate risk factors for @entity28 and @entity66 . In the present study, we investigated the anti- @entity28 properties of high stability @entity46469 (HS-Fx) derived from brown seaweeds on the adipogenesis of ADSCs upon treatment with @entity7609 (PA). First, we showed the differentiation capability of ADSCs from morbid @entity28 @entity1 to transform into different cell types. Second, we found that the co-treatment of ADSCs with HS-Fx and PA showed no significant @entity137 against ADSCs, but PA induced the elevation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) and lipid droplet accumulation was abolished. Thirdly, the PA-mediated down-regulation of lipid metabolism genes was reversed by the treatment of HS-Fx. By long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) screening, we found that PA-induced increases in the targeted lncRNAs were also decreased upon treatment with HS-Fx. On Silencing, these lncRNAs corresponded to the decrease in the lipid droplet accumulation of ADSCs induced by PA. ADSCs from @entity28 @entity1 would be direct and meaningful model cells to investigate the development of @entity28 and their treatments, rather than cell lines from other species. HS-Fx showed anti- @entity28 capability through modulating the elevation of ROS, down-regulation of lipid metabolism genes induced by PA, and upstream signaling, which might be critically resulted from the expression of lncRNAs.

title: Inhibitory effects of high stability @entity46469 on @entity7609 -induced lipid accumulation in XXXX adipose-derived stem cells through modulation of long non-coding RNA.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Older individuals (subjects aged >65 years) largely contribute to the percentage @entity204 due to @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and @entity64 . The incidence of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) is also higher >65 years old @entity1 . However, the risk of @entity548 complications in patients on antithrombotic drugs increases with age and with clinical conditions, as @entity146 , @entity130 , @entity101 , poor compliance with medications, common in the elderly. Thus the risk-benefit ratio of antithrombotics should be carefully evaluated in older individuals. To prevent the risk and the recurrence of @entity385 and @entity583 in the older @entity1 with stable/ @entity1459 , @entity583 , @entity4905 / @entity64 or peripheral @entity455 , antiplatelet drugs are of choice. @entity117 is the most widely used antiplatelet drug. @entity1397 is safer and more effective than @entity117 in this respect. The combination of heparin and @entity117 is the treatment of choice for @entity1459 and @entity583 , also in the elderly. Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) proved to be as effective as standard heparin in this indication. In the absence of contraindications, thrombolysis for treatment of @entity583 may be considered in the elderly. For the treatment of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ), intravenous standard heparin, subcutaneous standard heparin or LMWHs are effective. Because of the limited risk/benefit ratio, thrombolytic agents are not recommended for treating @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) in the elderly. They should be limited to young @entity1 and to @entity1 with massive @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ). For chronic treatment of @entity1211 , @entity1229 is the treatment of choice (INR 2.0-3.0), also in the elderly. Because of @entity56 to oral anticoagulants, lower dosages of @entity1229 are needed in the old @entity1 . As to prophylaxis of @entity1211 in surgery, in subjects at low-moderate risk, or in medical @entity1 , low-dose heparin or low-dose LMWHs are effective. As to prophylaxis of @entity1211 in surgery in subjects at high risk, adjusted-dose heparin or high-dose LMWHs are recommended. Finally, as to prevention of @entity64 in @entity1 older than 75 with @entity955 ( @entity955 ), @entity1229 is of choice.

title: The use of antithrombotic drugs in older XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive/psychiatric diseases']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['Clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism', 'VTE', 'acute venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute MI', 'MI', 'non-Q wave MI']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although intentional weight reduction improves obesity-related comorbidities, the associations between weight reduction, medication and related costs are rarely studied. This study investigates the long-term effects of weight change on medication for @entity6 and @entity65 ( @entity65 ) in severely @entity28 subjects. METHODS: In the intervention study Swedish Obese Subjects, 510 surgically and 455 conventionally treated @entity28 @entity1 have so far been followed for 6 y. Changes in the use and costs of medication were analyzed in relation to treatment and weight change. RESULTS: In comparison with controls, larger fraction of surgically treated @entity1 discontinued the use of medication for @entity65 and @entity6 at 2 and 6 y (risk ratios 0.56-0.77). Among subjects not initially on medication, surgery reduced the frequency of started treatments (risk ratios 0.08-0.80). Relative @entity353 >or=10% was necessary to reduce costs of medication for @entity65 and @entity6 among subjects with such treatment at baseline. To reduce initiation of new treatment against the two conditions, @entity353 >or=15% was required. Over 6 y, the average annual cost for @entity6 and @entity65 medication increased by 463 SEK (96%) in subjects with @entity353 <5%, and decreased by 39 SEK(8%) in the @entity353 group >or=15%. CONCLUSION: Long-term intentional @entity353 is associated with reduced medication and medication costs for @entity6 and @entity65 . The effects appear to be more marked among subjects who are initially on medication for these conditions, whereas greater weight reduction is needed to prevent new subjects from starting on medication.

title: Long-term effects of XXXX on pharmaceutical costs in @entity28 subjects. A report from the SOS intervention study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although intentional weight reduction improves obesity-related comorbidities, the associations between weight reduction, medication and related costs are rarely studied. This study investigates the long-term effects of weight change on medication for @entity6 and @entity65 ( @entity65 ) in severely @entity28 subjects. METHODS: In the intervention study Swedish Obese Subjects, 510 surgically and 455 conventionally treated @entity28 @entity1 have so far been followed for 6 y. Changes in the use and costs of medication were analyzed in relation to treatment and weight change. RESULTS: In comparison with controls, larger fraction of surgically treated @entity1 discontinued the use of medication for @entity65 and @entity6 at 2 and 6 y (risk ratios 0.56-0.77). Among subjects not initially on medication, surgery reduced the frequency of started treatments (risk ratios 0.08-0.80). Relative @entity353 >or=10% was necessary to reduce costs of medication for @entity65 and @entity6 among subjects with such treatment at baseline. To reduce initiation of new treatment against the two conditions, @entity353 >or=15% was required. Over 6 y, the average annual cost for @entity6 and @entity65 medication increased by 463 SEK (96%) in subjects with @entity353 <5%, and decreased by 39 SEK(8%) in the @entity353 group >or=15%. CONCLUSION: Long-term intentional @entity353 is associated with reduced medication and medication costs for @entity6 and @entity65 . The effects appear to be more marked among subjects who are initially on medication for these conditions, whereas greater weight reduction is needed to prevent new subjects from starting on medication.

title: Long-term effects of @entity353 on pharmaceutical costs in XXXX subjects. A report from the SOS intervention study.

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: PURPOSE: Pelvic organ prolapse results in a spectrum of progressively disabling disorders. Despite attempts to standardize the clinical examination, a variety of imaging techniques are used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dynamic pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic cystocolpoproctography in the surgical management of females with @entity3087 . METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 were identified from The Johns Hopkins @entity3087 Center database who had symptoms of complex pelvic organ prolapse and underwent dynamic magnetic resonance, dynamic cystocolpoproctography, and subsequent multidisciplinary review and operative repair. RESULTS: The mean age of the study group was 58 +/- 13 years, and all @entity1 were Caucasian. Constipation (95.5 percent), @entity322 (77.3 percent), complaints of incomplete fecal evacuation (59.1 percent), and bulging vaginal tissues (54.4 percent) were the most common complaints on presentation. All @entity1 had multiple complaints with a median number of 4 symptoms (range, 2-8). Physical examination, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging, and dynamic cystocolpoproctography were concordant for rectocele, enterocele, cystocele, and perineal descent in only 41 percent of @entity1 . Dynamic imaging lead to changes in the initial operative plan in 41 percent of @entity1 . Dynamic magnetic resonance was the only modality that identified levator ani @entity547 . Dynamic cystocolpoproctography identified sigmoidoceles and internal rectal prolapse more often than physical examination or dynamic magnetic resonance. CONCLUSIONS: Levator ani @entity547 are often missed by physical examination and traditional fluoroscopic imaging. Dynamic magnetic resonance and cystocolpoproctography are complementary studies to the physical examination that may alter the surgical management of females with @entity3087 .

title: Dynamic pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and cystocolpoproctography alter surgical management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3087 :: ('MESH:D059952', 'Disease') :: ['Pelvic Floor Disorders', 'complex pelvic floor disorders']

answer: @entity3087 :: (MESH:D059952,Disease) :: ['pelvic floor disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare subfoveal @entity3193 ( @entity3193 ) measurements in eyes with nonexudative @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ) in the presence or absence of @entity2363 ( @entity2363 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Subfoveal @entity3193 measurements obtained from @entity1 with @entity1020 enrolled in the COMPLETE study (30 @entity735 with @entity10691 [ @entity10691 ]) were compared with an age-distributed normal control group. Multimodal images were evaluated to detect the presence of @entity2363 . RESULTS: After controlling for age and axial length, the mean @entity3193 was significantly thinner in the @entity10691 group with @entity2363 (213.7    53.1   m) than in the @entity10691 group without @entity2363 (335.3    123.2   m; P = .001). The mean @entity3193 in the @entity10691 group without @entity2363 was not statistically different from the mean @entity3193 in the normal control group (P = .076) or the drusen group without @entity2363 (P = .45). In eyes without @entity2363 , there was a correlation between the increasing size of @entity10691 and a decrease in @entity3193 measurements. CONCLUSION: Subfoveal choroidal thinning in eyes with nonexudative @entity1020 was associated with the presence of @entity2363 . In the absence of @entity2363 , @entity3193 only decreased as the size of @entity10691 increased. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2015;46:513-521.].

title: Association Between Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness, Reticular Pseudodrusen, and XXXX in Age-Related @entity1020 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity10691 :: ('MESH:D057092', 'Disease') :: ['GA', 'geographic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity2363 :: ('MESH:C538361', 'Disease') :: ['reticular pseudodrusen', 'RPD']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['drusen-only eyes and 30 eyes']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['CT', 'choroidal thickness']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

answer: @entity10691 :: (MESH:D057092,Disease) :: ['Geographic Atrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare subfoveal @entity3193 ( @entity3193 ) measurements in eyes with nonexudative @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ) in the presence or absence of @entity2363 ( @entity2363 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Subfoveal @entity3193 measurements obtained from @entity1 with @entity1020 enrolled in the COMPLETE study (30 @entity735 with @entity10691 [ @entity10691 ]) were compared with an age-distributed normal control group. Multimodal images were evaluated to detect the presence of @entity2363 . RESULTS: After controlling for age and axial length, the mean @entity3193 was significantly thinner in the @entity10691 group with @entity2363 (213.7    53.1   m) than in the @entity10691 group without @entity2363 (335.3    123.2   m; P = .001). The mean @entity3193 in the @entity10691 group without @entity2363 was not statistically different from the mean @entity3193 in the normal control group (P = .076) or the drusen group without @entity2363 (P = .45). In eyes without @entity2363 , there was a correlation between the increasing size of @entity10691 and a decrease in @entity3193 measurements. CONCLUSION: Subfoveal choroidal thinning in eyes with nonexudative @entity1020 was associated with the presence of @entity2363 . In the absence of @entity2363 , @entity3193 only decreased as the size of @entity10691 increased. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2015;46:513-521.].

title: Association Between Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness, Reticular Pseudodrusen, and @entity10691 in Age-Related XXXX .

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['Macular Degeneration']


abstract: Cranial @entity79 remains a major challenge to craniofacial surgeons because of limited availability of autologous bone graft to repair the defects and the donor site defects secondary to tissue harvesting. In contrast, tissue-engineering technique can generate a large bone tissue using small amount of autologous cells and therefore avoid these problems. Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (MSCs) have the potential of multi-lineage (including osteogenic) differentiation. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of using autologous MSCs to repair cranial bone defects by a tissue-engineering approach. Autologous MSCs were isolated from eight adult @entity742 respectively and were in vitro expanded and induced to become osteogenic cells. Bilateral full-thickness defects (20 mm in diameter) of parietal bones were created in animals and the bone defects were either repaired with the bone implants constituted with MSCs and @entity14917 at the experimental side (n = 8) or treated with @entity460 alginate only without MSCs (n = 4) or left unrepaired (n = 4) at the control side. New bone tissues were observed either grossly or histologically at the defects of experimental group as early as 6 weeks post-repairing, but not in control groups. The engineered bone tissue became more mature at 18 weeks post-repairing. Three-dimensional computerized tomography (CT) scan revealed an almost complete repair of the defect of experimental group at 18 weeks. This study may provide insight for future clinical repair of @entity129 .

title: Tissue-engineered bone repair of XXXX @entity129 with autologous bone marrow stromal cells.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial defect']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone defect']

entities_list: @entity14917 :: ('MESH:C008970', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium alginate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: Cranial @entity79 remains a major challenge to craniofacial surgeons because of limited availability of autologous bone graft to repair the defects and the donor site defects secondary to tissue harvesting. In contrast, tissue-engineering technique can generate a large bone tissue using small amount of autologous cells and therefore avoid these problems. Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (MSCs) have the potential of multi-lineage (including osteogenic) differentiation. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of using autologous MSCs to repair cranial bone defects by a tissue-engineering approach. Autologous MSCs were isolated from eight adult @entity742 respectively and were in vitro expanded and induced to become osteogenic cells. Bilateral full-thickness defects (20 mm in diameter) of parietal bones were created in animals and the bone defects were either repaired with the bone implants constituted with MSCs and @entity14917 at the experimental side (n = 8) or treated with @entity460 alginate only without MSCs (n = 4) or left unrepaired (n = 4) at the control side. New bone tissues were observed either grossly or histologically at the defects of experimental group as early as 6 weeks post-repairing, but not in control groups. The engineered bone tissue became more mature at 18 weeks post-repairing. Three-dimensional computerized tomography (CT) scan revealed an almost complete repair of the defect of experimental group at 18 weeks. This study may provide insight for future clinical repair of @entity129 .

title: Tissue-engineered bone repair of @entity742 XXXX with autologous bone marrow stromal cells.

answer: @entity129 :: (MESH:D003389,Disease) :: ['cranial defects']


abstract: Facial infiltrating @entity6574 is a rare @entity4670 in which mature lipocytes invade adjacent tissue. The phenotypic features include soft-tissue and skeletal @entity1184 , @entity203 , and regional @entity51280 . There is a high risk for regrowth after resection that is, perforce, subtotal. The etiology, natural history, optimal management, and relationship to other @entity8481 are unclear. In this study, the clinical features, radiographic findings, histopathology, and postoperative results were analyzed in 13 @entity1 with facial infiltrating @entity6574 . The condition was diagnosed in infancy (eight male subjects, five female subjects) and characterized by enlargement of the cheek (n = 12) or chin (n = 1). Other findings included cutaneous @entity2478 (n = 9), @entity11124 (n = 8), and @entity18015 (n = 6). Most @entity1 had early eruption of ipsilateral deciduous and permanent teeth (n = 12). Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed an infiltrated soft-tissue mass of fatty density (n = 13) and skeletal overgrowth (n = 9). Multiple resection was performed on six @entity1 (mean number of operations per @entity1 , 2.5; range, one to six operations); regrowth and/or worsening of the capillary stain occurred in all six @entity1 . Because surgical removal of the mass is usually unsuccessful, specific management of this condition will require insight into its etiopathogenesis. Given the presence of @entity18015 and @entity6574 , this study included testing for the known mutations in three entities that are associated with these soft-tissue findings ( @entity1050 , @entity1050 , and @entity18015 ). Results of DNA analyses for these germline mutations were negative. It is more likely that this disorder is caused by a somatic mutation involving a local increase in growth factor(s).

title: Facial infiltrating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4670 :: ('MESH:D009358', 'Disease') :: ['congenital disorder']

entities_list: @entity8481 :: ('MESH:C536351', 'Disease') :: ['disorders of fatty overgrowth']

entities_list: @entity51280 :: ('MESH:C537015', 'Disease') :: ['macrodontia']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['capillary blush']

entities_list: @entity6574 :: ('MESH:D008068', 'Disease') :: ['lipomatosis']

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['premature dental eruption']

entities_list: @entity1050 :: ('MESH:D006223', 'Disease') :: ['Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcava syndrome', 'Cowden syndrome']

entities_list: @entity18015 :: ('MESH:D018814', 'Disease') :: ['multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B', 'mucosal neuromas']

entities_list: @entity11124 :: ('MESH:D008260', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral macroglossia']

answer: @entity6574 :: (MESH:D008068,Disease) :: ['lipomatosis']


abstract: Telomeres that guard chromosomes are shortened with each cell division because of replication-dependent sequence loss at both termini. The gradual erosion of telomeric length has been directly related to the process of aging in vivo. Recently we have reported, in @entity19 and @entity1 @entity5 cells treated with different apoptogens, cleavage and extrusion of telomeric DNA prior to cell death on one hand and an amplification of telomeric DNA in metastatic @entity5 of different histopathologic origin on the other. This study tested our hypothesis that telomere cleavage is linked to transplant rejection in @entity5 @entity1 receiving stem cells either from bone marrow (BM) or umbilical cord blood transfusion. Telomere integrity and mitotic catastrophe were studied by cytogenetic and molecular fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques in two BM samples taken from a male stem cell transplant recipient diagnosed with @entity2150 . The first BM sample, which was aspirated 27 days after transplant, was mitotically active. Only one of 50 metaphases showed a chromatid break. Every cell karyotyped was of male origin with 46, XY chromosome constitution. The second BM sample aspirated 52 days after transplant gave no metaphases and most interphase cells appeared dead. FISH preparations of the second BM sample showed cleavage and drastic reduction of telomeric DNA at the time the @entity1 was rejecting the transplant. In contrast, the first BM sample had shown no indication of cleavage of the telomeric DNA, although the percentage of telomeric area was smaller than in the control. The replicative stress imposed on the stem cells engrafted may result in an accelerated aging effect, possibly due to the erosion of telomeric DNA. We, therefore, conclude that BM rejection could be directly associated with the cleavage, clustering, and extrusion of telomeric DNA in the donor cells.

title: XXXX bone marrow transplant rejection is associated with telomere cleavage.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['aplastic anemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial malignancies', 'cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: @entity2055 is characterized by an impaired visual control of the direction of arm reaching to a visual target, accompanied by @entity154 and grip formation. In @entity1 , @entity2055 is associated with lesions of the superior parietal lobule (SPL), which also affect visually guided saccades and other @entity735 . In the last 10 years, anatomical and physiological studies of the SPL have shed new light on the role of parietal cortex in the control of combined eye-hand movements to visual targets, and on the underlying distributed network which links parietal to frontal cortex. A main emerging functional feature of SPL neurones seems to be their capacity to combine, in a spatially congruent fashion, different directional eye- and hand-related information, that any coding scheme so far proposed, considers essential for the composition of motor commands for reaching. This integration occurs within the global tuning field of parietal neurones, is context-dependent and involves eye and hand information that shares the same directional properties. Depending on task demands, this integration of signals can result in the representation of different reference frames for coordinated eye-hand movements. The dynamic operations occurring within the global tuning fields might depend, at least in part, on the reciprocal sets of association connections linking the SPL and the premotor areas of the frontal lobe. From this picture, the SPL emerges as both a main source of visual input to the frontal cortex and a key structure for visuomotor integration based on re-entrant signalling and, therefore, as a crucial node in the visual control of movement. It is hypothesized that in parietal @entity1 , the directional errors that characterize reaching are a consequence of the breakdown of the combination of directional eye and hand information within the global tuning fields of parietal neurones. In these @entity1 , the spatial match among information about target location, eye and hand position, and movement direction would be prevented, so as to impair the composition of visually guided eye-hand movements. This breakdown could be dependent, at least in part, on the failure of a re-entrant frontoparietal signalling, an obvious consequence of the degeneration of the cortico-cortical systems linking parietal and frontal cortex. Cortico-cortical connections are, in fact, essential for shaping the dynamic properties of cortical neurones.

title: XXXX as a result of the breakdown of the global tuning fields of parietal neurones.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['defective hand orientation']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['forms of eye-hand coordination']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['Optic ataxia', 'optic ataxia']

answer: @entity2055 :: (MESH:D001259,Disease) :: ['Optic ataxia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study sought to determine whether @entity1 with @entity1832 ( @entity1832 ) and @entity716 responded to treatment with @entity1037 . METHODS: This was a post hoc analysis of a subgroup of @entity1 with @entity1832 included in a larger double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized parallel group trial of @entity1037 for the treatment of @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity195 . @entity1 meeting the consensus criteria for @entity1832 and exhibiting @entity304 and @entity1833 were selected from the initial study. @entity716 was assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory/Nursing Home (NPI-NH) version and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). @entity21 were evaluated with the Simpson-Angus scale. RESULTS: Twenty-nine @entity1 met the criteria for @entity1832 ; 10 were randomized to placebo, 5 received 5 mg of @entity1037 , 7 received 10 mg of @entity1037 and 7 received 15 mg of @entity1037 . @entity1 with @entity1832 treated with 5 mg of @entity1037 showed significant reductions in delusions and @entity1833 . @entity1 treated with 10 mg showed a significant reduction in the NPI-NH delusion subscale score. No significant differences were found between the 15-mg group and the placebo group. Confirmatory findings emerged from an analysis of the BPRS. Caregivers reported decreased disruptions in their occupational routines for the group receiving 5 or 10 mg of @entity1037 . There was no significant exacerbation of @entity304 in any study group, no decrement in Mini-Mental State Examination scores in any of the treatment groups, and symptoms suggestive of anticholinergic @entity137 did not differ among treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary analysis suggests that @entity1037 (5 or 10 mg) reduces @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity1832 without worsening @entity304 .

title: Efficacy of XXXX in the treatment of @entity716 in dementia with @entity1832 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonian symptoms', 'parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations', 'visual hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity1832 :: ('MESH:D020961', 'Disease') :: ['dementia with Lewy bodies', 'DLB']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['Psychosis', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['Extrapyramidal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

answer: @entity1037 :: (MESH:C076029,Chemical) :: ['olanzapine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study sought to determine whether @entity1 with @entity1832 ( @entity1832 ) and @entity716 responded to treatment with @entity1037 . METHODS: This was a post hoc analysis of a subgroup of @entity1 with @entity1832 included in a larger double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized parallel group trial of @entity1037 for the treatment of @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity195 . @entity1 meeting the consensus criteria for @entity1832 and exhibiting @entity304 and @entity1833 were selected from the initial study. @entity716 was assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory/Nursing Home (NPI-NH) version and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). @entity21 were evaluated with the Simpson-Angus scale. RESULTS: Twenty-nine @entity1 met the criteria for @entity1832 ; 10 were randomized to placebo, 5 received 5 mg of @entity1037 , 7 received 10 mg of @entity1037 and 7 received 15 mg of @entity1037 . @entity1 with @entity1832 treated with 5 mg of @entity1037 showed significant reductions in delusions and @entity1833 . @entity1 treated with 10 mg showed a significant reduction in the NPI-NH delusion subscale score. No significant differences were found between the 15-mg group and the placebo group. Confirmatory findings emerged from an analysis of the BPRS. Caregivers reported decreased disruptions in their occupational routines for the group receiving 5 or 10 mg of @entity1037 . There was no significant exacerbation of @entity304 in any study group, no decrement in Mini-Mental State Examination scores in any of the treatment groups, and symptoms suggestive of anticholinergic @entity137 did not differ among treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary analysis suggests that @entity1037 (5 or 10 mg) reduces @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity1832 without worsening @entity304 .

title: Efficacy of @entity1037 in the treatment of @entity716 in dementia with XXXX .

answer: @entity1832 :: (MESH:D020961,Disease) :: ['lewy bodies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study sought to determine whether @entity1 with @entity1832 ( @entity1832 ) and @entity716 responded to treatment with @entity1037 . METHODS: This was a post hoc analysis of a subgroup of @entity1 with @entity1832 included in a larger double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized parallel group trial of @entity1037 for the treatment of @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity195 . @entity1 meeting the consensus criteria for @entity1832 and exhibiting @entity304 and @entity1833 were selected from the initial study. @entity716 was assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory/Nursing Home (NPI-NH) version and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). @entity21 were evaluated with the Simpson-Angus scale. RESULTS: Twenty-nine @entity1 met the criteria for @entity1832 ; 10 were randomized to placebo, 5 received 5 mg of @entity1037 , 7 received 10 mg of @entity1037 and 7 received 15 mg of @entity1037 . @entity1 with @entity1832 treated with 5 mg of @entity1037 showed significant reductions in delusions and @entity1833 . @entity1 treated with 10 mg showed a significant reduction in the NPI-NH delusion subscale score. No significant differences were found between the 15-mg group and the placebo group. Confirmatory findings emerged from an analysis of the BPRS. Caregivers reported decreased disruptions in their occupational routines for the group receiving 5 or 10 mg of @entity1037 . There was no significant exacerbation of @entity304 in any study group, no decrement in Mini-Mental State Examination scores in any of the treatment groups, and symptoms suggestive of anticholinergic @entity137 did not differ among treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary analysis suggests that @entity1037 (5 or 10 mg) reduces @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity1832 without worsening @entity304 .

title: Efficacy of @entity1037 in the treatment of XXXX in dementia with @entity1832 .

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of urinary trypsin inhibitor ( @entity3257 ) in @entity1 at risk for @entity3152 with bulging membrane. METHODS: @entity1 who had developed a bulging membrane from 22 to 27 weeks and 6 days of gestation were studied. These cases were divided into two types based on the severity: those with a moderately developed bulging membrane like a 'dome' (dome type), and those with a membrane prolapsed into the vagina, resulting in an 'hourglass' shape (hourglass type). We compared the outcomes of treatment with or without @entity3257 ( @entity3257 group versus @entity3257 ) in each type. Gestational age at delivery, birth weight, prolongation time from admission to delivery, and neonatal mortality rate were examined in each group. RESULTS: A total of 43 @entity1 with a bulging membrane were analyzed. In 21 @entity1 with the dome type, gestational age at delivery (the @entity3257 group versus the @entity3257 ; 30.4 +/- 5.0 versus 26.4 +/- 1.9 weeks, p < 0.05), birth weight (1,436.8 +/- 708.3 versus 882.8 +/- 261.6 g, p < 0.05) and neonatal mortality rate (0/13 versus 3/8, p < 0.05) were all significantly improved by the use of @entity3257 . On the other hand, in 22 @entity1 with the hourglass type, there was no significant difference between the @entity3257 group and the @entity3257 . The overall prevalence of histological @entity5870 was 60%. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity3257 therapy is very effective in @entity1 at risk for @entity3152 with a moderately developed bulging membrane during the second trimester.

title: Effects of urinary trypsin inhibitor in @entity1 at risk for XXXX with a bulging fetal membrane.

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['UTI', 'non-UTI group']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['premature labor']

entities_list: @entity5870 :: ('MESH:D002821', 'Disease') :: ['chorioamnionitis']

answer: @entity3152 :: (MESH:D007752,Disease) :: ['premature labor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of urinary trypsin inhibitor ( @entity3257 ) in @entity1 at risk for @entity3152 with bulging membrane. METHODS: @entity1 who had developed a bulging membrane from 22 to 27 weeks and 6 days of gestation were studied. These cases were divided into two types based on the severity: those with a moderately developed bulging membrane like a 'dome' (dome type), and those with a membrane prolapsed into the vagina, resulting in an 'hourglass' shape (hourglass type). We compared the outcomes of treatment with or without @entity3257 ( @entity3257 group versus @entity3257 ) in each type. Gestational age at delivery, birth weight, prolongation time from admission to delivery, and neonatal mortality rate were examined in each group. RESULTS: A total of 43 @entity1 with a bulging membrane were analyzed. In 21 @entity1 with the dome type, gestational age at delivery (the @entity3257 group versus the @entity3257 ; 30.4 +/- 5.0 versus 26.4 +/- 1.9 weeks, p < 0.05), birth weight (1,436.8 +/- 708.3 versus 882.8 +/- 261.6 g, p < 0.05) and neonatal mortality rate (0/13 versus 3/8, p < 0.05) were all significantly improved by the use of @entity3257 . On the other hand, in 22 @entity1 with the hourglass type, there was no significant difference between the @entity3257 group and the @entity3257 . The overall prevalence of histological @entity5870 was 60%. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity3257 therapy is very effective in @entity1 at risk for @entity3152 with a moderately developed bulging membrane during the second trimester.

title: Effects of urinary trypsin inhibitor in XXXX at risk for @entity3152 with a bulging fetal membrane.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of metabolic control of @entity6 on natriuresis, the effect of natriuretic peptides and renal @entity7199 on the kidney and the participation of proximal and distal tubules in natriuresis. The study was done in 41 individuals: 27 @entity1723 @entity1 and 14 healthy controls. The @entity1 were on insulin only, had normal blood pressure, and were prescribed a standard @entity6 diet without @entity1372 or protein restriction. @entity6 @entity1 were assigned to subgroups, depending on the stage of @entity8 and level of metabolic control. Urine collection was done three times daily in all @entity1 . The first collection was done after 500 mg @entity3486 (p.o.) and was followed by 10 mg amilorid (Midamor, Thomas Morson Pharmaceuticals). The third collection of urine was used to evaluate excretion of @entity6708 . In addition to @entity1372 , @entity1091 , @entity972 and @entity1011 clearances, excretion of renal @entity7199 , and levels of microalbuminuria, @entity9208 and glycated hemoglobin were also determined. @entity1091 clearance was used to evaluate tubular @entity1372 transport. The influence of diuretic peptides--ANP and urodilatin, on natriuresis was reflected by urinary @entity6708 excretion. Function of the @entity7199 -kinin system was studied on the basis of excretion of @entity7199 . Amilorid was used to test the effect of blocking @entity6478 -sensitive @entity1372 channels in distal tubules on natriuresis (Tab. 1). A statistically significant decrease in mean @entity1091 clearance was observed in @entity1723 @entity1 as compared to healthy controls. @entity1011 clearance was the same in both groups (Tab. 2). Lower @entity1091 clearance was observed in the subgroup of @entity6 @entity1 with "silent" @entity8 . @entity6 @entity1 with "silent" and early @entity8 had significantly higher levels of fractional @entity1372 reabsorption in the proximal tubule when compared with controls (Tab. 3). Moreover, lower daily excretion of @entity7199 was observed in @entity1 with stage II @entity8 in comparison to the control group (Tab. 4). Amilorid uptake had no influence on urinary @entity7199 . However, natriuresis after amilorid was significantly higher in @entity6 @entity1 than in controls. In conclusion, reabsorption in the proximal tubule is increased in @entity1 with "silent" @entity2316 , as revealed by decreased @entity1091 clearance and unchanged @entity1011 clearance. @entity2915 of the proximal tubule in stage II and III of @entity2316 results in increased @entity1372 reabsorption in the proximal tubule, as reflected by the increase in fractional @entity1372 reabsorption in this tubule. Amilorid, a distal tubule blocker, reduces distal tubule activity independently of urinary @entity7199 excretion. Elevated natriuresis was observed after amilorid without any change in urinary @entity7199 excretion.

title: [Regulation of natriuresis in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3486 :: ('MESH:D016651', 'Chemical') :: ['lithium carbonate']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6478 :: ('MESH:D000584', 'Chemical') :: ['amiloride']

entities_list: @entity9208 :: ('MESH:D019270', 'Chemical') :: ['fructosamine']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatinine', 'creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1091 :: ('MESH:D008094', 'Chemical') :: ['Lithium', 'lithium']

entities_list: @entity7199 :: ('MESH:D007610', 'Chemical') :: ['kallikrein']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetic nephropathy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Our aim was to evaluate the results and the prognosis of @entity957 of the mobile part of the tongue stage T1-T2 treated by surgery and radiotherapy at the Institute Jules Bordet from January 1950 to 31th December 1993. METHODS: According to the classification TNM (UICC 1978) 165 consecutive @entity1 classified as follow: 73 T1No (stage I), 64 T2No (stage II), 7 T1N1 and 20 T2N1 (stage III) and 1 @entity1 T2N2 (stage IV). All @entity1 underwent surgery beforehand. 136 @entity1 received additional brachytherapy. RESULTS: In this study were included 117 @entity1 and 48 @entity1 with an average age of 60 years. The rate of relapse on the primary tumoral site amounted to 16,4% and the residual relapse to 40%. The survival note without relapse was evaluated respectively at 3 years in 67% of the @entity5 T1 (against 28% for the T2), at 5 years for 59% for @entity5 T1 (against 26% for T2). From the clinical point of view the survival rate without relapse was of 5 years for 61% of stage I, 29% of stage II and 24% of stage III. A more extensive investigation shows the statistic influence, such as age (p<0.004), size of the @entity5 (p<0.007) and its shape (p<0.0007) on the total survive rate. The state of the nodes (p<0.02) and the safety margins (p<0.04) are statistically less associated. The survival rate with no relapse according to a study considering statistical factors, is significantly influenced by the size (p<0.0002) and age (p<0.0003). CONCLUSION: T1-T2 stages of the mobile tongue are characterized by a limited local spread but a more regional spread and diversified therapeutic approach with prognostic factors influencing the survival rate without forgetting the part played by the TNM classification.

title: [Prognostic factors in XXXX of the mobile tongue classified as T1-T2].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'tumours']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['epidermoid carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a new treatment for @entity1018 caused by subretinal fluid associated with circumscribed @entity3193 . METHODS: Three @entity1 were treated with photodynamic therapy using @entity4936 for injection ( @entity4936 ; QLT Phototherapeutics Inc, Vancouver, British Columbia). All @entity1 had pretreatment and posttreatment @entity941 angiography and ultrasonography. Treatment parameters used were @entity4936 , 6 mg/m(2), and laser light at 689 nm delivered at 50 J/cm(2) with an intensity of 600 mW/cm(2) for 83 seconds. RESULTS: All @entity1 had complete resolution of subretinal fluid within 2 weeks of treatment. Fluorescein angiography performed 2 to 4 weeks after treatment showed absence of @entity5 leakage. All eyes had reduced @entity5 thickness or complete flattening. Visual acuity was improved in each eye. Average follow-up was 5.3 months. No complications were noted. CONCLUSION: Photodynamic therapy with @entity4936 is effective in eliminating subretinal fluid and improving vision in @entity1 with circumscribed @entity3193 .

title: @entity3193 treated with photodynamic therapy using XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['vision loss']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4936 :: ('MESH:C098350', 'Chemical') :: ['Visudyne', 'verteporfin']

entities_list: @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

answer: @entity4936 :: (MESH:C098350,Chemical) :: ['verteporfin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a new treatment for @entity1018 caused by subretinal fluid associated with circumscribed @entity3193 . METHODS: Three @entity1 were treated with photodynamic therapy using @entity4936 for injection ( @entity4936 ; QLT Phototherapeutics Inc, Vancouver, British Columbia). All @entity1 had pretreatment and posttreatment @entity941 angiography and ultrasonography. Treatment parameters used were @entity4936 , 6 mg/m(2), and laser light at 689 nm delivered at 50 J/cm(2) with an intensity of 600 mW/cm(2) for 83 seconds. RESULTS: All @entity1 had complete resolution of subretinal fluid within 2 weeks of treatment. Fluorescein angiography performed 2 to 4 weeks after treatment showed absence of @entity5 leakage. All eyes had reduced @entity5 thickness or complete flattening. Visual acuity was improved in each eye. Average follow-up was 5.3 months. No complications were noted. CONCLUSION: Photodynamic therapy with @entity4936 is effective in eliminating subretinal fluid and improving vision in @entity1 with circumscribed @entity3193 .

title: XXXX treated with photodynamic therapy using @entity4936 .

answer: @entity3193 :: (MESH:D015862,Disease) :: ['Choroidal hemangioma']