abstract: UNASSIGNED: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a cognitive screening tool used by practitioners worldwide. The efficacy of the MoCA for screening @entity4943 ( @entity4943 ) and @entity74 is unknown. The objectives were: (1) to determine whether the MoCA detects @entity73 ( @entity73 ) in @entity4943 subjects; (2) to determine whether @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and @entity4943 subtypes and @entity74 can be parsed using the MoCA; and (3) describe longitudinal MoCA performance by subtype. We extracted demographic and testing data from a database of @entity1 referred to a cognitive neurology clinic who met criteria for probable @entity195 or @entity4943 (N=192). Logistic regression was used to determine whether @entity303 subtypes were associated with overall scores, subscores, or combinations of subscores on the MoCA. Initial MoCA results demonstrated @entity73 in the majority of @entity4943 subjects (87%). @entity4943 subjects (N=94) performed better than @entity195 subjects (N=98) on the MoCA (mean scores: 18.1 vs. 16.3; P=0.02). Subscores parsed many, but not all subtypes. @entity4943 subjects had a larger decline on the MoCA within 13 to 36 months than @entity195 subjects (P=0.02). The results indicate that the MoCA is a useful tool to identify and track progression of @entity73 in @entity4943 . Further, the data informs future research on scoring models for the MoCA to enhance cognitive screening and detection of @entity4943 @entity1 .

title: Detection and Differentiation of Frontotemporal @entity303 and XXXX From @entity195 Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'CI']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['related disorders']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'Alzheimer disease']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['FTD', 'frontotemporal dementia']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['Related Disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a cognitive screening tool used by practitioners worldwide. The efficacy of the MoCA for screening @entity4943 ( @entity4943 ) and @entity74 is unknown. The objectives were: (1) to determine whether the MoCA detects @entity73 ( @entity73 ) in @entity4943 subjects; (2) to determine whether @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and @entity4943 subtypes and @entity74 can be parsed using the MoCA; and (3) describe longitudinal MoCA performance by subtype. We extracted demographic and testing data from a database of @entity1 referred to a cognitive neurology clinic who met criteria for probable @entity195 or @entity4943 (N=192). Logistic regression was used to determine whether @entity303 subtypes were associated with overall scores, subscores, or combinations of subscores on the MoCA. Initial MoCA results demonstrated @entity73 in the majority of @entity4943 subjects (87%). @entity4943 subjects (N=94) performed better than @entity195 subjects (N=98) on the MoCA (mean scores: 18.1 vs. 16.3; P=0.02). Subscores parsed many, but not all subtypes. @entity4943 subjects had a larger decline on the MoCA within 13 to 36 months than @entity195 subjects (P=0.02). The results indicate that the MoCA is a useful tool to identify and track progression of @entity73 in @entity4943 . Further, the data informs future research on scoring models for the MoCA to enhance cognitive screening and detection of @entity4943 @entity1 .

title: Detection and Differentiation of Frontotemporal @entity303 and @entity74 From XXXX Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer Disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a cognitive screening tool used by practitioners worldwide. The efficacy of the MoCA for screening @entity4943 ( @entity4943 ) and @entity74 is unknown. The objectives were: (1) to determine whether the MoCA detects @entity73 ( @entity73 ) in @entity4943 subjects; (2) to determine whether @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and @entity4943 subtypes and @entity74 can be parsed using the MoCA; and (3) describe longitudinal MoCA performance by subtype. We extracted demographic and testing data from a database of @entity1 referred to a cognitive neurology clinic who met criteria for probable @entity195 or @entity4943 (N=192). Logistic regression was used to determine whether @entity303 subtypes were associated with overall scores, subscores, or combinations of subscores on the MoCA. Initial MoCA results demonstrated @entity73 in the majority of @entity4943 subjects (87%). @entity4943 subjects (N=94) performed better than @entity195 subjects (N=98) on the MoCA (mean scores: 18.1 vs. 16.3; P=0.02). Subscores parsed many, but not all subtypes. @entity4943 subjects had a larger decline on the MoCA within 13 to 36 months than @entity195 subjects (P=0.02). The results indicate that the MoCA is a useful tool to identify and track progression of @entity73 in @entity4943 . Further, the data informs future research on scoring models for the MoCA to enhance cognitive screening and detection of @entity4943 @entity1 .

title: Detection and Differentiation of Frontotemporal XXXX and @entity74 From @entity195 Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is a @entity66 , involving several monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems resulting in a broad range of motor and non-motor symptoms. Pathological hallmarks of @entity191 are the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the accumulation of @entity8095 , however also being present in the serotonergic raphe nuclei early in the disease course. The dysfunction of the serotonergic system projecting to the hippocampus may contribute to early non-motor symptoms such as @entity148 and @entity308 . The adult hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), a unique niche of the forebrain continuously generating new neurons, may particularly present enhanced susceptibility towards accumulating @entity8095 levels. The underlying molecular mechanisms in the context of neuronal maturation and survival of new-born neurons are yet not well understood. To characterize the effects of overexpression of @entity1 full-length @entity8095 on hippocampal cellular and synaptic plasticity, we used a recently generated BAC @entity8095 transgenic @entity35 model showing important features of @entity191 such as widespread and progressive @entity8095 aggregation pathology, @entity935 loss and age-dependent motor decline. At the age of four months, thus prior to the occurrence of the motor phenotype, we observed a profoundly impaired dendritogenesis of neuroblasts in the hippocampal DG resulting in severely reduced survival of adult new-born neurons. Diminished neurogenesis concurred with a serotonergic deficit in the hippocampus as defined by reduced levels of @entity750 ( @entity750 ) 1B receptor, decreased @entity750 neurotransmitter levels, and a loss of serotonergic nerve terminals innervating the DG/ @entity1251 subfield, while the number of serotonergic neurons in the raphe nuclei remained unchanged. Moreover, @entity8095 overexpression reduced proteins involved in vesicle release, in particular @entity12148 and @entity71069 ), in conjunction with an altered ultrastructural architecture of hippocampal synapses. Importantly, BAC @entity8095 @entity35 showed an early @entity148 -like phenotype consisting of reduced exploratory behavior and feeding. Taken together, these findings imply that accumulating @entity8095 severely affects hippocampal neurogenesis paralleled by impaired @entity750 neurotransmission prior to the onset of aggregation pathology and overt motor deficits in this transgenic @entity35 model of @entity191 .

title: Severely impaired hippocampal neurogenesis associates with an early serotonergic deficit in a BAC a-synuclein transgenic @entity35 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multisystem disorder']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity71069 :: ('65025(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['Rab3 interacting molecule (RIM3']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is a @entity66 , involving several monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems resulting in a broad range of motor and non-motor symptoms. Pathological hallmarks of @entity191 are the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the accumulation of @entity8095 , however also being present in the serotonergic raphe nuclei early in the disease course. The dysfunction of the serotonergic system projecting to the hippocampus may contribute to early non-motor symptoms such as @entity148 and @entity308 . The adult hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), a unique niche of the forebrain continuously generating new neurons, may particularly present enhanced susceptibility towards accumulating @entity8095 levels. The underlying molecular mechanisms in the context of neuronal maturation and survival of new-born neurons are yet not well understood. To characterize the effects of overexpression of @entity1 full-length @entity8095 on hippocampal cellular and synaptic plasticity, we used a recently generated BAC @entity8095 transgenic @entity35 model showing important features of @entity191 such as widespread and progressive @entity8095 aggregation pathology, @entity935 loss and age-dependent motor decline. At the age of four months, thus prior to the occurrence of the motor phenotype, we observed a profoundly impaired dendritogenesis of neuroblasts in the hippocampal DG resulting in severely reduced survival of adult new-born neurons. Diminished neurogenesis concurred with a serotonergic deficit in the hippocampus as defined by reduced levels of @entity750 ( @entity750 ) 1B receptor, decreased @entity750 neurotransmitter levels, and a loss of serotonergic nerve terminals innervating the DG/ @entity1251 subfield, while the number of serotonergic neurons in the raphe nuclei remained unchanged. Moreover, @entity8095 overexpression reduced proteins involved in vesicle release, in particular @entity12148 and @entity71069 ), in conjunction with an altered ultrastructural architecture of hippocampal synapses. Importantly, BAC @entity8095 @entity35 showed an early @entity148 -like phenotype consisting of reduced exploratory behavior and feeding. Taken together, these findings imply that accumulating @entity8095 severely affects hippocampal neurogenesis paralleled by impaired @entity750 neurotransmission prior to the onset of aggregation pathology and overt motor deficits in this transgenic @entity35 model of @entity191 .

title: Severely impaired hippocampal neurogenesis associates with an early serotonergic deficit in a BAC a-synuclein transgenic XXXX model of @entity191 .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 2012 the AUA (American Urological Association) released a revision of the asymptomatic microscopic @entity811 guidelines. Our study objectives were to assess adherence to these guidelines and describe the prevalence of urinary tract malignancy in postmenopausal @entity1 at our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis of @entity1 older than 55 years evaluated at the Division of Urogynecology or Urology from August 2012 to August 2014 for a diagnosis of asymptomatic microscopic @entity811 . @entity1 who underwent evaluation for 3 or more red blood cells per high power field on microscopic urinalysis were considered to have true asymptomatic microscopic @entity811 . Those evaluated after a dipstick test with blood who had fewer than 3 red blood cells per high power field on urinalysis or no urinalysis were considered positive dipstick. Demographics, laboratory values, imaging results and cystoscopy findings were extracted from electronic medical records. RESULTS: Our study population included 237 @entity1 with a mean    SD age of 67.1     8.3 years. In our overall population 169 of 237 @entity1 (71.3%) had true asymptomatic microscopic @entity811 , 48 (20.3%) had a positive dipstick test and 20 (8.4%) underwent evaluation in the setting of @entity293 . We detected 3 urinary tract malignancies (1.4%). One @entity703 was identified in a 56-year-old current smoker with a urine dipstick result of 1+ blood. @entity150 was detected in a 58-year old smoker with 6 red blood cells per high power field on urinalysis and in a 64-year-old nonsmoker with 42 red blood cells per high power field on urinalysis. CONCLUSIONS: In postmenopausal @entity1 evaluated for asymptomatic microscopic @entity811 the overall prevalence of urinary tract malignancy was low at 1.4%. Of our population 28.7% underwent evaluation without meeting guideline criteria for asymptomatic microscopic @entity811 . This demonstrates an opportunity to improve adherence to existing guidelines to provide high quality care and avoid unnecessary expensive testing.

title: Microhematuria in Postmenopausal XXXX : Adherence to Guidelines in a Tertiary Care Setting.

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['Bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['kidney cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to examine microvolt T wave alternans (MTWA) in 24-hour Holter electrocardiography (ECG) of @entity1 with repaired @entity215 ( @entity215 ) to assess associations of MTWA with @entity943 , ECG parameters, and echocardiographic findings. METHODS: Holter ECG records and archive files of 56 repaired @entity215 @entity1 (62.5% male) who were analyzed retrospectively. Subjects' ECG parameters and MTWA values were compared with age-sex-matched control group. T wave changes were analyzed by time-domain-modified moving average method from the three channels of 24-hour Holter ECG. RESULTS: Mean age was 123.4    48.3 months. Median MTWA value was 55.5  V in the control group, whereas 95.5  V in @entity1 group (P < 0.001). A significant weak positive correlation was found between the presence of @entity1540 and @entity997 . There was no correlation between ECG parameters, echocardiographic findings, and MTWA. CONCLUSIONS: MTWA was increased in @entity1 with repaired @entity215 as reported before. To our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing MTWA with 24-hour Holter ECG in repaired @entity215 @entity1 .

title: Assessment of Microvolt T Wave Alternans in XXXX with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot during 24-Hour Holter Electrocardiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['TOF', 'tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular extrasystoles']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: Growth and secretion of @entity12550 ( @entity12550 ) and @entity31008 (PRL) in ewe @entity742 exposed to @entity342 during fetal development were investigated. @entity11335 was administered to the pregnant dams from approximately Days 28 to 84 of gestation. Ewe @entity742 from dams that received @entity342 exhibited masculinized external genitalia and some masculine behavioral characteristics. Intact androgenized ewe @entity742 grew faster (P less than 0.05) and were more efficient in conversion of food to body gain (P less than 0.05) than ewe @entity742 born to untreated dams over the period from 70 to 224 days of age. One-half of the ewe @entity742 in each group was ovariectomized at 58 days of age. Ovariectomy had no effect on subsequent growth or efficiency of growth in the control ewe @entity742 . However, ovariectomy of androgenized ewe @entity742 abolished the observed stimulated rate of growth and decreased the improvement in efficiency of food conversion. Blood samples were collected from the @entity742 at 85 and 136 days of age at 15-min intervals for 8 hr to determine parameters of @entity12550 and PRL secretion. Prenatal @entity342 exposure had no effect on any parameter of @entity12550 or PRL secretion. These data indicate that prenatal @entity342 exposure altered differentiation of growth potential in ewe @entity742 , but the growth response was not mediated through dramatic changes in secretion of adenohypophysial somatotropic hormones, @entity12550 and PRL.

title: Prenatal @entity342 exposure and growth and secretion of XXXX and @entity31008 in ewes postweaning.

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity11335 :: ('MESH:C016131', 'Chemical') :: ['Testosterone cypionate']

answer: @entity12550 :: (443329(Tax:9940),Gene) :: ['growth hormone']


abstract: Growth and secretion of @entity12550 ( @entity12550 ) and @entity31008 (PRL) in ewe @entity742 exposed to @entity342 during fetal development were investigated. @entity11335 was administered to the pregnant dams from approximately Days 28 to 84 of gestation. Ewe @entity742 from dams that received @entity342 exhibited masculinized external genitalia and some masculine behavioral characteristics. Intact androgenized ewe @entity742 grew faster (P less than 0.05) and were more efficient in conversion of food to body gain (P less than 0.05) than ewe @entity742 born to untreated dams over the period from 70 to 224 days of age. One-half of the ewe @entity742 in each group was ovariectomized at 58 days of age. Ovariectomy had no effect on subsequent growth or efficiency of growth in the control ewe @entity742 . However, ovariectomy of androgenized ewe @entity742 abolished the observed stimulated rate of growth and decreased the improvement in efficiency of food conversion. Blood samples were collected from the @entity742 at 85 and 136 days of age at 15-min intervals for 8 hr to determine parameters of @entity12550 and PRL secretion. Prenatal @entity342 exposure had no effect on any parameter of @entity12550 or PRL secretion. These data indicate that prenatal @entity342 exposure altered differentiation of growth potential in ewe @entity742 , but the growth response was not mediated through dramatic changes in secretion of adenohypophysial somatotropic hormones, @entity12550 and PRL.

title: Prenatal @entity342 exposure and growth and secretion of @entity12550 and XXXX in ewes postweaning.

answer: @entity31008 :: (443317(Tax:9940),Gene) :: ['prolactin']


abstract: Growth and secretion of @entity12550 ( @entity12550 ) and @entity31008 (PRL) in ewe @entity742 exposed to @entity342 during fetal development were investigated. @entity11335 was administered to the pregnant dams from approximately Days 28 to 84 of gestation. Ewe @entity742 from dams that received @entity342 exhibited masculinized external genitalia and some masculine behavioral characteristics. Intact androgenized ewe @entity742 grew faster (P less than 0.05) and were more efficient in conversion of food to body gain (P less than 0.05) than ewe @entity742 born to untreated dams over the period from 70 to 224 days of age. One-half of the ewe @entity742 in each group was ovariectomized at 58 days of age. Ovariectomy had no effect on subsequent growth or efficiency of growth in the control ewe @entity742 . However, ovariectomy of androgenized ewe @entity742 abolished the observed stimulated rate of growth and decreased the improvement in efficiency of food conversion. Blood samples were collected from the @entity742 at 85 and 136 days of age at 15-min intervals for 8 hr to determine parameters of @entity12550 and PRL secretion. Prenatal @entity342 exposure had no effect on any parameter of @entity12550 or PRL secretion. These data indicate that prenatal @entity342 exposure altered differentiation of growth potential in ewe @entity742 , but the growth response was not mediated through dramatic changes in secretion of adenohypophysial somatotropic hormones, @entity12550 and PRL.

title: Prenatal XXXX exposure and growth and secretion of @entity12550 and @entity31008 in ewes postweaning.

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['androgen']


abstract: @entity1420 (P), which is the major secretory product of the corpus luteum (CL) is the key hormone of pregnancy. CL defects that cause P to be secreted for too brief a period or at too low a rate are associated with an underdeveloped or inadequate endometrium which is incapable of supporting pregnancy. Some investigators, therefore, have recommended the use of exogenous P support in chronic @entity42 @entity1 who wish to conceive. However, the mechanisms by which P regulates endometrial function are poorly understood and there is no suitable, non-invasive method to monitor in individual @entity1 the endometrial response to either endogenous or exogenous @entity1420 . We therefore initiated a search for @entity1420 -dependent endometrial protein(s) which might serve as a marker to assess effects of @entity1871 therapy on endometrial function, and which might also afford insight into the mechanism of P action. We have detected a hormone-dependent endometrial protein designated @entity7216 . @entity7216 is a glycoprotein (molecular weight approximately 47,000) which is synthesized in the endometrial glands and secreted into the blood. Its synthesis increases dramatically during pregnancy, as indicated by a more than 1000-fold greater @entity7216 concentration in the decidua. @entity7216 is not synthesized by the immature placenta, but binds to placental cell membranes. In normally cycling women, the serum @entity7216 concentration increases in an exponential manner during the late luteal phase. In cycling infertile @entity1 , a direct relationship was found to exist between serum @entity7216 levels they attained in the late luteal phase and their endometrial development, the serum levels being subnormal in @entity1 with inadequate endometrium. Menstrual cycles that are anovulatory or with a @entity42 are associated with low luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels. In both pre- and post-menopausal women, serum @entity7216 levels increase following a @entity1871 challenge, demonstrating that @entity7216 is indeed a @entity1871 -dependent protein. Very low luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels are encountered in some @entity1 who do not conceive following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/EF), suggesting that endometrial inadequacy is a major cause of failure in this procedure. In @entity1 who undergo ovarian stimulation by exogenous hormones but do not conceive following IVF/ET, luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels are markedly higher in those who receive luteal phase P support than those with no support.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: XXXX -dependent @entity1 endometrial protein: a marker for monitoring @entity1 endometrial function.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity42 :: ('MESH:D010048', 'Disease') :: ['CL-defect', 'CL defect']

entities_list: @entity1871 :: ('CHEBI:59826', 'Chemical') :: ['progestin']

entities_list: @entity7216 :: ('5047', 'Gene') :: ['PEP', '"progestagen-associated (or -dependent) endometrial protein" or PEP']

answer: @entity1871 :: (CHEBI:59826,Chemical) :: ['Progestin']


abstract: @entity1420 (P), which is the major secretory product of the corpus luteum (CL) is the key hormone of pregnancy. CL defects that cause P to be secreted for too brief a period or at too low a rate are associated with an underdeveloped or inadequate endometrium which is incapable of supporting pregnancy. Some investigators, therefore, have recommended the use of exogenous P support in chronic @entity42 @entity1 who wish to conceive. However, the mechanisms by which P regulates endometrial function are poorly understood and there is no suitable, non-invasive method to monitor in individual @entity1 the endometrial response to either endogenous or exogenous @entity1420 . We therefore initiated a search for @entity1420 -dependent endometrial protein(s) which might serve as a marker to assess effects of @entity1871 therapy on endometrial function, and which might also afford insight into the mechanism of P action. We have detected a hormone-dependent endometrial protein designated @entity7216 . @entity7216 is a glycoprotein (molecular weight approximately 47,000) which is synthesized in the endometrial glands and secreted into the blood. Its synthesis increases dramatically during pregnancy, as indicated by a more than 1000-fold greater @entity7216 concentration in the decidua. @entity7216 is not synthesized by the immature placenta, but binds to placental cell membranes. In normally cycling women, the serum @entity7216 concentration increases in an exponential manner during the late luteal phase. In cycling infertile @entity1 , a direct relationship was found to exist between serum @entity7216 levels they attained in the late luteal phase and their endometrial development, the serum levels being subnormal in @entity1 with inadequate endometrium. Menstrual cycles that are anovulatory or with a @entity42 are associated with low luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels. In both pre- and post-menopausal women, serum @entity7216 levels increase following a @entity1871 challenge, demonstrating that @entity7216 is indeed a @entity1871 -dependent protein. Very low luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels are encountered in some @entity1 who do not conceive following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/EF), suggesting that endometrial inadequacy is a major cause of failure in this procedure. In @entity1 who undergo ovarian stimulation by exogenous hormones but do not conceive following IVF/ET, luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels are markedly higher in those who receive luteal phase P support than those with no support.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: @entity1871 -dependent XXXX endometrial protein: a marker for monitoring @entity1 endometrial function.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity1420 (P), which is the major secretory product of the corpus luteum (CL) is the key hormone of pregnancy. CL defects that cause P to be secreted for too brief a period or at too low a rate are associated with an underdeveloped or inadequate endometrium which is incapable of supporting pregnancy. Some investigators, therefore, have recommended the use of exogenous P support in chronic @entity42 @entity1 who wish to conceive. However, the mechanisms by which P regulates endometrial function are poorly understood and there is no suitable, non-invasive method to monitor in individual @entity1 the endometrial response to either endogenous or exogenous @entity1420 . We therefore initiated a search for @entity1420 -dependent endometrial protein(s) which might serve as a marker to assess effects of @entity1871 therapy on endometrial function, and which might also afford insight into the mechanism of P action. We have detected a hormone-dependent endometrial protein designated @entity7216 . @entity7216 is a glycoprotein (molecular weight approximately 47,000) which is synthesized in the endometrial glands and secreted into the blood. Its synthesis increases dramatically during pregnancy, as indicated by a more than 1000-fold greater @entity7216 concentration in the decidua. @entity7216 is not synthesized by the immature placenta, but binds to placental cell membranes. In normally cycling women, the serum @entity7216 concentration increases in an exponential manner during the late luteal phase. In cycling infertile @entity1 , a direct relationship was found to exist between serum @entity7216 levels they attained in the late luteal phase and their endometrial development, the serum levels being subnormal in @entity1 with inadequate endometrium. Menstrual cycles that are anovulatory or with a @entity42 are associated with low luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels. In both pre- and post-menopausal women, serum @entity7216 levels increase following a @entity1871 challenge, demonstrating that @entity7216 is indeed a @entity1871 -dependent protein. Very low luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels are encountered in some @entity1 who do not conceive following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/EF), suggesting that endometrial inadequacy is a major cause of failure in this procedure. In @entity1 who undergo ovarian stimulation by exogenous hormones but do not conceive following IVF/ET, luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels are markedly higher in those who receive luteal phase P support than those with no support.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: @entity1871 -dependent @entity1 endometrial protein: a marker for monitoring XXXX endometrial function.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Rosette strain gage, electromyography (EMG), and cineradiographic techniques were used to analyze loading patterns and jaw movements during mastication in @entity5434 . The cineradiographic data indicate that macaques generally swallow frequently throughout a chewing sequence, and these swallows are intercalated into a chewing cycle towards the end of a power @entity64 . The bone strain and jaw movement data indicate that during vigorous mastication the transition between fast close and the power @entity64 is correlated with a sharp increase in masticatory force, and they also show that in most instances the jaws of macaques are maximally loaded prior to maximum intercuspation, i.e. during phase I (buccal phase) occlusal movements. Moreover, these data indicate that loads during phase II (lingual phase) occlusal movements are ordinarily relatively small. The bone strain data also suggest that the duration of unloading of the jaw during the power @entity64 of mastication is largely a function of the relaxation time of the jaw adductors. This interpretation is based on the finding that the duration from 100% peak strain to 50% peak strain during unloading closely approximates the half-relaxation time of whole adductor jaw muscles of macaques. The EMG data of the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles have important implications for understanding both the biomechanics of the power @entity64 and the external forces responsible for the "wishboning" effect that takes place along the mandibular symphysis and corpus during the power @entity64 of mastication. Although both medial pterygoid muscles reach maximum EMG activity during the power @entity64 , the activity of the working-side medial pterygoid peaks after the balancing-side medial pterygoid. Associated with the simultaneous increase of force of the working-side medial pterygoid and the decrease of force of the balancing-side medial pterygoid is the persistently high level of EMG activity of the balancing-side deep masseter (posterior portion). This pattern is of considerable significance because the direction of force of both the working-side medial pterygoid and the balancing-side deep masseter are well aligned to aid in driving the working-side lower molars across the upper molars in the medial direction during unilateral mastication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Loading patterns and jaw movements during mastication in XXXX : a bone-strain, electromyographic, and cineradiographic analysis.

entities_list: @entity5434 :: ('9541', 'Species') :: ['Macaca fascicularis']

answer: @entity5434 :: (9541,Species) :: ['Macaca fascicularis']


abstract: To answer some of the as yet unresolved questions about the formation, metabolism, and release of @entity10043 catabolites in @entity519 myocardium, we compared their release from isolated @entity95 hearts during hypoperfusion, @entity519 , and after @entity63 , with and without @entity2353 -transport inhibition. Results provide evidence to suggest the following. Besides the supply-to-demand ratio for O2, other factors may affect the formation of @entity859 . The myocyte is the major source of @entity10043 catabolites. @entity859 is not produced within the myocyte. Once in the interstitium, @entity859 is (largely) taken up in the endothelial cells, where it is catabolized to @entity14572 and @entity3625 and released that way into the lumen. Some of the @entity859 can reach the lumen unchanged through clefts. @entity2353 transport inhibition prevents the escape through the endothelial cells and thus the formation and release of @entity14572 and @entity3625 . As a consequence, more @entity859 will accumulate in the interstitium and more will reach the lumen through the clefts. The pathway, as proposed, explains the long known paradox of increased extracellular levels of @entity859 after inhibition of @entity2353 transport.

title: Formation and release of @entity10043 catabolites during hypoperfusion, XXXX , and @entity63 .

entities_list: @entity2353 :: ('CHEBI:33838', 'Chemical') :: ['Nucleoside', 'nucleoside']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['Adenosine', 'adenosine']

entities_list: @entity3625 :: ('MESH:D019271', 'Chemical') :: ['hypoxanthine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['anoxia', 'hypoxic']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['anoxia']


abstract: To answer some of the as yet unresolved questions about the formation, metabolism, and release of @entity10043 catabolites in @entity519 myocardium, we compared their release from isolated @entity95 hearts during hypoperfusion, @entity519 , and after @entity63 , with and without @entity2353 -transport inhibition. Results provide evidence to suggest the following. Besides the supply-to-demand ratio for O2, other factors may affect the formation of @entity859 . The myocyte is the major source of @entity10043 catabolites. @entity859 is not produced within the myocyte. Once in the interstitium, @entity859 is (largely) taken up in the endothelial cells, where it is catabolized to @entity14572 and @entity3625 and released that way into the lumen. Some of the @entity859 can reach the lumen unchanged through clefts. @entity2353 transport inhibition prevents the escape through the endothelial cells and thus the formation and release of @entity14572 and @entity3625 . As a consequence, more @entity859 will accumulate in the interstitium and more will reach the lumen through the clefts. The pathway, as proposed, explains the long known paradox of increased extracellular levels of @entity859 after inhibition of @entity2353 transport.

title: Formation and release of XXXX catabolites during hypoperfusion, @entity519 , and @entity63 .

answer: @entity10043 :: (MESH:C030985,Chemical) :: ['purine']


abstract: To answer some of the as yet unresolved questions about the formation, metabolism, and release of @entity10043 catabolites in @entity519 myocardium, we compared their release from isolated @entity95 hearts during hypoperfusion, @entity519 , and after @entity63 , with and without @entity2353 -transport inhibition. Results provide evidence to suggest the following. Besides the supply-to-demand ratio for O2, other factors may affect the formation of @entity859 . The myocyte is the major source of @entity10043 catabolites. @entity859 is not produced within the myocyte. Once in the interstitium, @entity859 is (largely) taken up in the endothelial cells, where it is catabolized to @entity14572 and @entity3625 and released that way into the lumen. Some of the @entity859 can reach the lumen unchanged through clefts. @entity2353 transport inhibition prevents the escape through the endothelial cells and thus the formation and release of @entity14572 and @entity3625 . As a consequence, more @entity859 will accumulate in the interstitium and more will reach the lumen through the clefts. The pathway, as proposed, explains the long known paradox of increased extracellular levels of @entity859 after inhibition of @entity2353 transport.

title: Formation and release of @entity10043 catabolites during hypoperfusion, @entity519 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1420 receptors are expressed in approximately 70% of @entity1653 . @entity3927 is an oral antiprogestational agent reported to have modest activity in a phase II study. This multicenter, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial conducted by SWOG was planned to define the role of @entity3927 in the treatment of unresectable @entity1653 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity3927 or placebo for 2 years unless disease progressed. @entity1 who were stable or responding to protocol therapy after 2 years had the option to continue with the same blinded therapy. Serial follow-up allowed assessment of efficacy and @entity137 . Time to treatment failure and overall survival were ascertained for all randomly assigned @entity1 . On progression, @entity1 receiving placebo could cross over and receive active drug. RESULTS: Among 164 eligible @entity1 , 80 were randomly assigned to @entity3927 and 84 to placebo. Twenty-four @entity1 (30%) were able to complete 2 years of @entity3927 without disease progression, adverse effects, or other reasons for discontinuation. Twenty-eight @entity1 (33%) in the placebo arm completed the 2-year study. There was no statistical difference between the arms in terms of failure-free or overall survival. CONCLUSION: Long-term administration of @entity3927 was well tolerated but had no impact on @entity1 with unresectable @entity1653 .

title: Double-Blind Phase III Randomized Trial of the Antiprogestin Agent @entity3927 in the Treatment of Unresectable XXXX : SWOG S9005.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity3927 :: ('MESH:D015735', 'Chemical') :: ['Mifepristone', 'mifepristone']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['Meningioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1420 receptors are expressed in approximately 70% of @entity1653 . @entity3927 is an oral antiprogestational agent reported to have modest activity in a phase II study. This multicenter, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial conducted by SWOG was planned to define the role of @entity3927 in the treatment of unresectable @entity1653 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity3927 or placebo for 2 years unless disease progressed. @entity1 who were stable or responding to protocol therapy after 2 years had the option to continue with the same blinded therapy. Serial follow-up allowed assessment of efficacy and @entity137 . Time to treatment failure and overall survival were ascertained for all randomly assigned @entity1 . On progression, @entity1 receiving placebo could cross over and receive active drug. RESULTS: Among 164 eligible @entity1 , 80 were randomly assigned to @entity3927 and 84 to placebo. Twenty-four @entity1 (30%) were able to complete 2 years of @entity3927 without disease progression, adverse effects, or other reasons for discontinuation. Twenty-eight @entity1 (33%) in the placebo arm completed the 2-year study. There was no statistical difference between the arms in terms of failure-free or overall survival. CONCLUSION: Long-term administration of @entity3927 was well tolerated but had no impact on @entity1 with unresectable @entity1653 .

title: Double-Blind Phase III Randomized Trial of the Antiprogestin Agent XXXX in the Treatment of Unresectable @entity1653 : SWOG S9005.

answer: @entity3927 :: (MESH:D015735,Chemical) :: ['Mifepristone']


abstract: Injuries and violence are the primary causes of @entity204 among young @entity1 in the United States. In particular, in 1982-84 motor @entity130 , fires, drowning, and homicide were the leading external causes of @entity204 at ages 1-4 years and 5-9 years, accounting for nearly 80 percent of all @entity204 from external causes. The purpose of this article is to analyze race and sex differentials in @entity130 among young @entity1 . Race and sex differentials in injury mortality were measured in terms of relative risks, that is, race (black to white) and sex (male to female) mortality ratios. Race ratios for external causes ranged from 1.7 to 1.9 for @entity1 1-4 and 5-9, while sex ratios were somewhat lower, 1.4 to 1.8. Although race and sex ratios were relatively small for passenger-related motor vehicle fatalities (0.8 to 1.2) the ratios for pedestrian-related @entity130 were considerably greater (1.5 to 2.0). Race ratios for @entity204 caused by fires and homicide were particularly large (3.4 to 4.3). Mortality differences were also measured in terms of excess mortality. For each age-race group more than 65 percent of the overall excess @entity204 among males were due to external causes of @entity204 . Pedestrian-related motor @entity130 and drownings accounted for the largest proportion of excess @entity204 among males. At ages 1-4, 53 percent of the overall excess @entity204 among blacks were due to external causes. @entity204 caused by fires and homicide accounted for more than two-fifths of the excess in this age group. At ages 5-9, 81 percent of excess mortality among black males and 69 percent among black females were accounted for by external causes. Fires, pedestrian-related motor vehicle fatalities, and homicides accounted for nearly 65 percent of excess mortality among black @entity1 .There has been a 30 percent decline in @entity204 rates from all external causes between 1972-74 and 1982-84. Pedestrian-related motor @entity204 rates declined the most in both age groups.Mortality also declined in each age-race-sex group for passenger-related motor @entity130 , for drownings, and for fires except among black males ages 5-9. Homicide, in contrast, increased in both age groups. There has been little change, however,in the incidence of @entity130 among @entity1 . Thus,it appears that declines in fatalities accounted for a major portion of the mortality reduction.

title: XXXX among young @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Deaths', 'vehicle death', 'death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury fatalities', 'vehicle injuries', 'injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Injury fatalities']


abstract: Injuries and violence are the primary causes of @entity204 among young @entity1 in the United States. In particular, in 1982-84 motor @entity130 , fires, drowning, and homicide were the leading external causes of @entity204 at ages 1-4 years and 5-9 years, accounting for nearly 80 percent of all @entity204 from external causes. The purpose of this article is to analyze race and sex differentials in @entity130 among young @entity1 . Race and sex differentials in injury mortality were measured in terms of relative risks, that is, race (black to white) and sex (male to female) mortality ratios. Race ratios for external causes ranged from 1.7 to 1.9 for @entity1 1-4 and 5-9, while sex ratios were somewhat lower, 1.4 to 1.8. Although race and sex ratios were relatively small for passenger-related motor vehicle fatalities (0.8 to 1.2) the ratios for pedestrian-related @entity130 were considerably greater (1.5 to 2.0). Race ratios for @entity204 caused by fires and homicide were particularly large (3.4 to 4.3). Mortality differences were also measured in terms of excess mortality. For each age-race group more than 65 percent of the overall excess @entity204 among males were due to external causes of @entity204 . Pedestrian-related motor @entity130 and drownings accounted for the largest proportion of excess @entity204 among males. At ages 1-4, 53 percent of the overall excess @entity204 among blacks were due to external causes. @entity204 caused by fires and homicide accounted for more than two-fifths of the excess in this age group. At ages 5-9, 81 percent of excess mortality among black males and 69 percent among black females were accounted for by external causes. Fires, pedestrian-related motor vehicle fatalities, and homicides accounted for nearly 65 percent of excess mortality among black @entity1 .There has been a 30 percent decline in @entity204 rates from all external causes between 1972-74 and 1982-84. Pedestrian-related motor @entity204 rates declined the most in both age groups.Mortality also declined in each age-race-sex group for passenger-related motor @entity130 , for drownings, and for fires except among black males ages 5-9. Homicide, in contrast, increased in both age groups. There has been little change, however,in the incidence of @entity130 among @entity1 . Thus,it appears that declines in fatalities accounted for a major portion of the mortality reduction.

title: @entity130 among young XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the @entity1241 ( @entity1241 ) in @entity14 screening, detection of @entity1613 and early @entity14 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study evaluated asymptomatic @entity1 with average risk (no personal or family antecedents of @entity1127 or @entity14 ), aged between 50 and 74 years. The presence of the occult @entity548 was tested with the immunochemical faecal test Hem Check 1 (Veda Lab, France). The subjects were not requested to have any dietary or drug restrictions. Colonoscopy was recommended in all subjects that tested positive. RESULTS: In our study, we had a total of 1389 @entity1 who met the inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 61.2    12.8 years, 565 (40.7%) @entity1 and 824 (59.3%) @entity1 . @entity1241 was positive in 87 individuals (6.3%). In 57/87 subjects (65.5%) with positive @entity1241 , colonoscopy was performed, while the rest of the subjects refused or delayed the investigation. A number of 5 (8.8%) @entity1 were not able to have a complete colonoscopy, due to @entity5 . The colonoscopies revealed in 10 cases (0.7%) @entity5 , in 29 cases (2.1%) advanced @entity652 and in 15 cases (1.1%) non advanced @entity652 from the total @entity1 in the study. The colonoscopies performed revealed a greater percentage of advanced @entity652 in the left colon compared to the right colon, 74.1% vs. 28.6% (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, @entity1241 had a positivity rate of 6.3%. The detection rate for advanced @entity5 was 2.8% (0.7% for @entity5 , 2.1% for advanced @entity652 ) in our study group. Adherence to colonoscopy for @entity1241 -positive subjects was 65.5%.

title: Results of faecal immunochemical test for XXXX screening, in average risk population, in a cohort of 1389 subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic stenosis', 'cancer', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['FIT', 'fecal immunochemical test']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: A study of @entity1 genes coding for U4 small nuclear RNA is presented. It is known from previous studies that @entity1 cells contain three major U4 RNA species, designated @entity71070 , @entity71070 , and @entity71070 (Krol and Branlant, 1981). A clone was isolated from a @entity1 DNA library which contained two transcriptionally active genes for U4 RNA. U4 transcription was sensitive to low concentrations of alpha-amanitin, inferring that U4 RNA is a product of RNA polymerase II or RNA polymerase II-like activity. One of the two genes contains a coding region which matches the sequence of @entity71070 RNA perfectly. The coding region of the second gene resembles @entity71070 RNA although there are two differences between the sequence of this gene and the @entity71070 RNA sequence, suggesting that it may encode a minor, hitherto undetected U4 RNA species. The 5'-flanking regions of the two U4 genes contain several almost perfectly conserved sequence motifs. One is located between positions -50 and -60. This motif is present in equivalent positions in the two U4 genes as well as in @entity1 U1 and U2 genes. A second motif, which is 19 @entity2036 (nt) long and centered around nt position -140, is present in the two U4 genes but absent from U2 RNA genes. A third highly conserved region, located between nt positions -210 and -250, is a putative enhancer element. It includes one copy of the so-called octanucleotide motif, previously identified as adjacent to the early SV40 promoter and immunoglobulin promoters. Another highly conserved sequence motif, CTCTGTGA, is located approximately one helical turn upstream from the octanucleotide motif in both U2 and U4 genes. The @entity1 genome appears to contain a family of U4 RNA genes comprising at least 100 copies.

title: Genes for XXXX U4 small nuclear RNA.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In the summer 1976, natural foci of @entity4536 were discovered by the authors on the territory of the Mongolian @entity1 's Republic. In 1976-1983 the integrated research of these foci was conducted and maps of a structure of the geographical range of the pathogen were compiled taking into account the peculiarities of distribution of its carriers and vectors. Great gerbils are the only identified vertebrate hosts of @entity3667 and their infection rate comes up to 100% in single foci. Three species of sandflies belonging to subgenus Paraphlebotomus, Ph. andrejevi, Ph. mongolensis and Ph. alexandri, are vectors of the pathogen in foci. The most common of them in burrows of gerbils is Ph. andrejevi. It was established by genetic and biochemical methods that two variants of @entity3667 may circulate simultaneously in individual natural foci in the MPR, but both of them have a low virulence and are not dangerous for @entity1 .

title: Natural focality of XXXX in the Mongolian @entity1 's Republic; results and objectives of integrated research.

entities_list: @entity3667 :: ('5664', 'Species') :: ['Leishmania', 'Leishmania major']

entities_list: @entity4536 :: ('MESH:D016773', 'Disease') :: ['zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis']

answer: @entity4536 :: (MESH:D016773,Disease) :: ['zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis']


abstract: In the summer 1976, natural foci of @entity4536 were discovered by the authors on the territory of the Mongolian @entity1 's Republic. In 1976-1983 the integrated research of these foci was conducted and maps of a structure of the geographical range of the pathogen were compiled taking into account the peculiarities of distribution of its carriers and vectors. Great gerbils are the only identified vertebrate hosts of @entity3667 and their infection rate comes up to 100% in single foci. Three species of sandflies belonging to subgenus Paraphlebotomus, Ph. andrejevi, Ph. mongolensis and Ph. alexandri, are vectors of the pathogen in foci. The most common of them in burrows of gerbils is Ph. andrejevi. It was established by genetic and biochemical methods that two variants of @entity3667 may circulate simultaneously in individual natural foci in the MPR, but both of them have a low virulence and are not dangerous for @entity1 .

title: Natural focality of @entity4536 in the Mongolian XXXX 's Republic; results and objectives of integrated research.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['People']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: @entity14 can be prevented through the use of colonoscopy with polypectomy. Most @entity1586 are benign or low grade @entity652 . However, currently all lesions need histopathologic analysis, which increases diagnostic costs and delays the final diagnosis. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a new technology that enables real-time endomicroscopy. However, there are challenges to maintaining a stable image with currently available systems. We conducted a small study to obtain a preliminary assessment of whether the use of an endoscopic distal attachment cap may enhance image quality of CLE in comparison with images obtained with free-hand acquisition. @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty outpatients underwent colonoscopy for evaluation of @entity1586 in a single academic medical center. @entity1 were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 study arms on the basis of whether an endoscopic distal attachment cap was used (n=21, Cap Used) or not used (n=19, No Cap) in the procedure. The quality of confocal images and probe stabilization was summarized. RESULTS: A total of 81 @entity1127 were identified. The proportion of @entity1127 with images of high quality was 74% (28/38) in the Cap Used group and 79% (30/38) in the No Cap arm. Image stability was also similar with and without a cap.Diagnostic accuracy was estimated to be slightly higher in the Cap Used group for probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE; 78% vs 70%). This was also true for white-light and narrow-band imaging. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study did not yield any evidence to support that the use of an endoscopic distal attachment cap improves the quality of images obtained during CLE.

title: Use of endoscopic distal attachment cap to enhance image stabilization in probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colon polyps']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal lesions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MLPA (Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification) is a semiquantitative molecular technique developed to uncover gross gene rearrangements in several monogenic diseases, including the @entity1112 ( @entity2314 ) caused by mutations in the @entity10153 gene. Heterozygosity of the X chromosome in females makes it important to combine routine sequencing analysis with at least one allelic dosage assay (i.e. MLPA). We identified two new gross @entity10153 gene rearrangements, which were not properly detected by MLPA in male @entity1 with @entity2314 . In @entity1 1, routine sequencing did not amplify @entity10153 exon 7. MLPA failed to confirm such deletion. An alternative allele dosage, based on the Quantitative Fluorescent Multiplex-PCR (QFM-PCR), confirmed the mutation in the proband and excluded it in the mother, revealing that the mutation was de novo in the proband. @entity1 2 harboured a gross @entity10153 gene deletion encompassing almost the entire exon 5, the entire intron 5 and part of exon 6. MLPA confirmed the deletion of exon 5 but missed the partial deletion of exon 6. We characterised the breakpoint ( @entity71071 ) and carried out screening for possible heterozygosity among at risk female family members. MLPA can miss some gross @entity10153 gene rearrangements making the combination with other allele dosage assays mandatory to confirm or exclude @entity2314 at the molecular level.

title: Pitfalls in the detection of gross gene rearrangements using MLPA in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked Fabry disease']

answer: @entity2314 :: (MESH:D000795,Disease) :: ['Fabry disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To investigate cranial base characteristics in @entity3232 with @entity91 . MATERIALS AND METHODS:     An electronic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. A fixed- or random-effect model was applied to calculate weighted mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to statistical heterogeneity. Outcome measures were anterior, posterior, and total cranial base length and cranial base angle. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were conducted. RESULTS:     Twenty studies that together included 1121 Class I, 1051 Class II, and 730 Class III cases qualified for the final analysis. @entity3233 demonstrated significantly reduced anterior (95% CI: -1.74, -0.53; P < .001 vs Class I; 95% CI: -3.30, -2.09; P < .001 vs Class II) and total cranial base length (95% CI: -3.33, -1.36; P < .001 vs Class I; 95% CI: -7.38, -4.05; P < .001 vs Class II). Further, Class II @entity1 showed significantly greater anterior and total cranial base length than did Class I @entity1 (95% CI: 0.51, 1.87; P < .001 for SN; 95% CI: 2.20, 3.30; P < .001 for NBa). Cranial base angle was significantly smaller in Class III than in Class I (95% CI: -3.14, -0.93; P < .001 for NSBa; 95% CI: -2.73, -0.68; P = .001 for NSAr) and @entity17431 (95% CI: -5.73, -1.06; P = .004 for NSBa; 95% CI: -6.11, -1.92; P < .001 for NSAr) and greater in Class II than in Class I @entity3232 (95% CI: 1.38, 2.38; P < .001 for NSBa). CONCLUSIONS:     This meta-analysis showed that anterior and total cranial base length and cranial base angle were significantly smaller in @entity3233 than in Class I and @entity17431 , and that they were greater in Class II subjects compared to controls.

title: Cranial base characteristics in anteroposterior XXXX : A meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3233 :: ('MESH:D008313', 'Disease') :: ['Class III malocclusion']

entities_list: @entity3232 :: ('MESH:D008310', 'Disease') :: ['malocclusions']

entities_list: @entity91 :: ('MESH:D003398', 'Disease') :: ['sagittal discrepancies']

entities_list: @entity17431 :: ('MESH:D008312', 'Disease') :: ['Class II malocclusions']

answer: @entity3232 :: (MESH:D008310,Disease) :: ['malocclusions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There are very few published reports of @entity397 of an isolated posterior spinal artery (PSA) @entity439 , and consequently the optimal therapeutic strategy is debatable. An 84-year-old @entity1 presented with sudden onset of @entity911 . Neuroradiological imaging showed an @entity510 ( @entity510 ) with no visible @entity1504 . Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected a localized subarachnoid @entity1410 at Th10-11. Both contrast-enhanced spinal computed tomography and enhanced MRI and magnetic resonance angiography revealed an area of enhancement within the @entity1410 . Superselective angiography of the left Th12 intercostal artery demonstrated a faintly enhanced spot in the venous phase. Thirteen days after the onset of symptoms, a small fusiform @entity439 situated on the radiculopial artery was resected. The @entity1 's postoperative course was uneventful and he was eventually discharged in an ambulatory condition. To our knowledge, this 84-year-old @entity1 is the oldest reported case of surgical management of a ruptured isolated @entity438 . This case illustrates both the validity and efficacy of this therapeutic approach.

title: Successfully Treated XXXX Causing @entity510 : Case Report.

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage', 'SAH']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial vascular lesion']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['restlessness and disorientation']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['PSA aneurysm']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Isolated Posterior Spinal Artery Aneurysm']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There are very few published reports of @entity397 of an isolated posterior spinal artery (PSA) @entity439 , and consequently the optimal therapeutic strategy is debatable. An 84-year-old @entity1 presented with sudden onset of @entity911 . Neuroradiological imaging showed an @entity510 ( @entity510 ) with no visible @entity1504 . Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected a localized subarachnoid @entity1410 at Th10-11. Both contrast-enhanced spinal computed tomography and enhanced MRI and magnetic resonance angiography revealed an area of enhancement within the @entity1410 . Superselective angiography of the left Th12 intercostal artery demonstrated a faintly enhanced spot in the venous phase. Thirteen days after the onset of symptoms, a small fusiform @entity439 situated on the radiculopial artery was resected. The @entity1 's postoperative course was uneventful and he was eventually discharged in an ambulatory condition. To our knowledge, this 84-year-old @entity1 is the oldest reported case of surgical management of a ruptured isolated @entity438 . This case illustrates both the validity and efficacy of this therapeutic approach.

title: Successfully Treated @entity438 Causing XXXX : Case Report.

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Intracranial Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: To study the interrelationship between myocardial @entity1063 content, left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function, morphological changes, and plasma @entity2922 concentrations, 20 @entity1 with @entity1000 underwent endomyocardial biopsy and ventricular angiography. The strongest correlation was found between LV ejection fraction (EF) and myocardial @entity1063 content (r = 0.87; p less than 0.001). Myocardial @entity1063 content was much weaker correlated to RV EF (r = .55; p less than 0.005), and no correlation was found to morphological changes or plasma @entity1063 concentration. The hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of @entity2514 versus @entity3371 after the first dose were compared in a crossover trial including 15 @entity1 with @entity1000 . @entity2514 induced increases in heart rate and cardiac index (p less than 0.01) and decreases in mean arterial pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.005, respectively). These hemodynamic effects were associated with increased plasma @entity1063 concentrations during upright exercise (p less than 0.05) and increased plasma @entity916 activity (p less than 0.01). After @entity3371 , @entity1063 plasma concentrations showed a tendency to lower levels during upright exercise, although mean arterial pressure decreased significantly (p less than 0.01). These data suggest that, in @entity1 with @entity1000 , myocardial @entity1063 depletion strongly reflects left @entity67 . The different patterns of neurohumoral response to @entity2514 versus @entity3371 may be important for their long-term effect and for the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity1000 . It remains to be established whether the myocardial @entity2922 content is differently influenced by either drug, and whether this effect is related to the drug response after long-term treatment.

title: Sympathetic activity in @entity1000 . Influence of @entity3371 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2514 :: ('MESH:D006830', 'Chemical') :: ['hydralazine', 'Hydralazine']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity2514 :: (MESH:D006830,Chemical) :: ['hydralazine']


abstract: To study the interrelationship between myocardial @entity1063 content, left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function, morphological changes, and plasma @entity2922 concentrations, 20 @entity1 with @entity1000 underwent endomyocardial biopsy and ventricular angiography. The strongest correlation was found between LV ejection fraction (EF) and myocardial @entity1063 content (r = 0.87; p less than 0.001). Myocardial @entity1063 content was much weaker correlated to RV EF (r = .55; p less than 0.005), and no correlation was found to morphological changes or plasma @entity1063 concentration. The hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of @entity2514 versus @entity3371 after the first dose were compared in a crossover trial including 15 @entity1 with @entity1000 . @entity2514 induced increases in heart rate and cardiac index (p less than 0.01) and decreases in mean arterial pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.005, respectively). These hemodynamic effects were associated with increased plasma @entity1063 concentrations during upright exercise (p less than 0.05) and increased plasma @entity916 activity (p less than 0.01). After @entity3371 , @entity1063 plasma concentrations showed a tendency to lower levels during upright exercise, although mean arterial pressure decreased significantly (p less than 0.01). These data suggest that, in @entity1 with @entity1000 , myocardial @entity1063 depletion strongly reflects left @entity67 . The different patterns of neurohumoral response to @entity2514 versus @entity3371 may be important for their long-term effect and for the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity1000 . It remains to be established whether the myocardial @entity2922 content is differently influenced by either drug, and whether this effect is related to the drug response after long-term treatment.

title: Sympathetic activity in @entity1000 . Influence of XXXX and @entity2514 .

answer: @entity3371 :: (CHEBI:3380,Chemical) :: ['captopril']


abstract: To study the interrelationship between myocardial @entity1063 content, left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function, morphological changes, and plasma @entity2922 concentrations, 20 @entity1 with @entity1000 underwent endomyocardial biopsy and ventricular angiography. The strongest correlation was found between LV ejection fraction (EF) and myocardial @entity1063 content (r = 0.87; p less than 0.001). Myocardial @entity1063 content was much weaker correlated to RV EF (r = .55; p less than 0.005), and no correlation was found to morphological changes or plasma @entity1063 concentration. The hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of @entity2514 versus @entity3371 after the first dose were compared in a crossover trial including 15 @entity1 with @entity1000 . @entity2514 induced increases in heart rate and cardiac index (p less than 0.01) and decreases in mean arterial pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.005, respectively). These hemodynamic effects were associated with increased plasma @entity1063 concentrations during upright exercise (p less than 0.05) and increased plasma @entity916 activity (p less than 0.01). After @entity3371 , @entity1063 plasma concentrations showed a tendency to lower levels during upright exercise, although mean arterial pressure decreased significantly (p less than 0.01). These data suggest that, in @entity1 with @entity1000 , myocardial @entity1063 depletion strongly reflects left @entity67 . The different patterns of neurohumoral response to @entity2514 versus @entity3371 may be important for their long-term effect and for the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity1000 . It remains to be established whether the myocardial @entity2922 content is differently influenced by either drug, and whether this effect is related to the drug response after long-term treatment.

title: Sympathetic activity in XXXX . Influence of @entity3371 and @entity2514 .

answer: @entity1000 :: (MESH:C536277,Disease) :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with severely @entity308 @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) receive @entity737 ( @entity737 ) for the primary prevention of @entity944 . In some @entity1 , however, @entity1002 may improve or even normalize over time. Limited data are available on the incidence of appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy including pacing and shock in these @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified consecutive @entity1 at our institution with an @entity737 for primary prevention who had @entity1002 measurement available at initial implantation and at the time of generator replacement. None of these @entity1 had ever received appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy before generator replacement. The incidence of appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy after generator replacement was assessed. RESULTS: Of the 125 @entity1 received generator replacement, 53 (42%) @entity1 received an @entity737 and 72 (58%) received a cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D). Among them, 30 (21%) had @entity1002 normalized to >=  50%, 25 (17%) had @entity1002 partially improved to 36-49%, and 70 (63%) had @entity1002 that remained @entity308 at  <= 35%. During an overall follow-up period of 25    18 months, none of the individuals with normalized @entity1002 experienced appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy regardless of @entity737 or CRT-D. Meanwhile, 20% of @entity1 with @entity1002 at 36-49% and 14% of @entity1 with @entity1002 at  <= 35% received appropriate @entity737 therapy. The omnibus p-value for any differences between the three @entity1002 groups was 0.046 for the entire cohort, 0.01 for @entity737 and 0.15 for CRT-D @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggest that @entity1 with reduced @entity1002 and primary prevention @entity737 who normalize their @entity1002 over time may be at lower risk of appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy.

title: Normalization of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Incidence of Appropriate Anti- @entity591 Therapy in @entity1 with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator for Primary Prevention of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'implantable cardioverter defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVEF', 'left ventricular ejection fractions']

answer: @entity944 :: (MESH:D003645,Disease) :: ['Sudden Death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with severely @entity308 @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) receive @entity737 ( @entity737 ) for the primary prevention of @entity944 . In some @entity1 , however, @entity1002 may improve or even normalize over time. Limited data are available on the incidence of appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy including pacing and shock in these @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified consecutive @entity1 at our institution with an @entity737 for primary prevention who had @entity1002 measurement available at initial implantation and at the time of generator replacement. None of these @entity1 had ever received appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy before generator replacement. The incidence of appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy after generator replacement was assessed. RESULTS: Of the 125 @entity1 received generator replacement, 53 (42%) @entity1 received an @entity737 and 72 (58%) received a cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D). Among them, 30 (21%) had @entity1002 normalized to >=  50%, 25 (17%) had @entity1002 partially improved to 36-49%, and 70 (63%) had @entity1002 that remained @entity308 at  <= 35%. During an overall follow-up period of 25    18 months, none of the individuals with normalized @entity1002 experienced appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy regardless of @entity737 or CRT-D. Meanwhile, 20% of @entity1 with @entity1002 at 36-49% and 14% of @entity1 with @entity1002 at  <= 35% received appropriate @entity737 therapy. The omnibus p-value for any differences between the three @entity1002 groups was 0.046 for the entire cohort, 0.01 for @entity737 and 0.15 for CRT-D @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggest that @entity1 with reduced @entity1002 and primary prevention @entity737 who normalize their @entity1002 over time may be at lower risk of appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy.

title: Normalization of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Incidence of Appropriate Anti- XXXX Therapy in @entity1 with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator for Primary Prevention of @entity944 .

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['Tachycardia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with severely @entity308 @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) receive @entity737 ( @entity737 ) for the primary prevention of @entity944 . In some @entity1 , however, @entity1002 may improve or even normalize over time. Limited data are available on the incidence of appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy including pacing and shock in these @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified consecutive @entity1 at our institution with an @entity737 for primary prevention who had @entity1002 measurement available at initial implantation and at the time of generator replacement. None of these @entity1 had ever received appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy before generator replacement. The incidence of appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy after generator replacement was assessed. RESULTS: Of the 125 @entity1 received generator replacement, 53 (42%) @entity1 received an @entity737 and 72 (58%) received a cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D). Among them, 30 (21%) had @entity1002 normalized to >=  50%, 25 (17%) had @entity1002 partially improved to 36-49%, and 70 (63%) had @entity1002 that remained @entity308 at  <= 35%. During an overall follow-up period of 25    18 months, none of the individuals with normalized @entity1002 experienced appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy regardless of @entity737 or CRT-D. Meanwhile, 20% of @entity1 with @entity1002 at 36-49% and 14% of @entity1 with @entity1002 at  <= 35% received appropriate @entity737 therapy. The omnibus p-value for any differences between the three @entity1002 groups was 0.046 for the entire cohort, 0.01 for @entity737 and 0.15 for CRT-D @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggest that @entity1 with reduced @entity1002 and primary prevention @entity737 who normalize their @entity1002 over time may be at lower risk of appropriate anti- @entity591 therapy.

title: Normalization of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Incidence of Appropriate Anti- @entity591 Therapy in XXXX with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator for Primary Prevention of @entity944 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of salvage chemotherapy in advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is still controversial, but the recent development of a number of active antineoplastic agents has created new possibilities for disease management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and safety of weekly @entity1205 treatment in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 previously treated with two chemotherapy regimens. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study involved 26 @entity1 with histologically documented stage IIIB, IV or recurrent metastatic @entity1149 previously treated with two non- @entity3907 based-chemotherapy regimens. They all received @entity1205 25 mg/m(2)/week administered as a 1-h infusion in an outpatient setting with corticosteroid premedication. RESULTS: Fourteen of the 26 @entity1 (54%) had distant metastases and 12 (46%) chest-localised disease. Six @entity1 (23%; confidence interval: 9.8-44.1%) showed a partial response, 8 (31%) stable disease, and 12 (46%) progressive disease. The median time to progression was 4 months (range 2-8), and the median survival was 7+ months (range 3-13+). There were no statistically significant differences between the global quality of life scores recorded at baseline and those recorded after subsequent cycles. The treatment was very well tolerated. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that weekly low-dose @entity1205 is effective, well tolerated and maintains a relatively good quality of life in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 previously exposed to two chemotherapy regimens.

title: Weekly low-dose @entity1205 in advanced XXXX previously treated with two chemotherapy regimens.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of salvage chemotherapy in advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is still controversial, but the recent development of a number of active antineoplastic agents has created new possibilities for disease management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and safety of weekly @entity1205 treatment in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 previously treated with two chemotherapy regimens. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study involved 26 @entity1 with histologically documented stage IIIB, IV or recurrent metastatic @entity1149 previously treated with two non- @entity3907 based-chemotherapy regimens. They all received @entity1205 25 mg/m(2)/week administered as a 1-h infusion in an outpatient setting with corticosteroid premedication. RESULTS: Fourteen of the 26 @entity1 (54%) had distant metastases and 12 (46%) chest-localised disease. Six @entity1 (23%; confidence interval: 9.8-44.1%) showed a partial response, 8 (31%) stable disease, and 12 (46%) progressive disease. The median time to progression was 4 months (range 2-8), and the median survival was 7+ months (range 3-13+). There were no statistically significant differences between the global quality of life scores recorded at baseline and those recorded after subsequent cycles. The treatment was very well tolerated. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that weekly low-dose @entity1205 is effective, well tolerated and maintains a relatively good quality of life in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 previously exposed to two chemotherapy regimens.

title: Weekly low-dose XXXX in advanced @entity1149 previously treated with two chemotherapy regimens.

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: A high-throughput growth assay for the protozoan parasite @entity3204 was developed based on a highly fluorescent transgenic parasite line. These parasites are stably transfected with a tandem yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and are 1,000 times more fluorescent than the wild type. Parasites were inoculated in optical-bottom 384-well culture plates containing a confluent monolayer of host cells, and growth was monitored by using a fluorescence plate reader. The signal was linearly correlated with parasite numbers over a wide array. Direct comparison of the YFP growth assay with the beta-galactosidase growth assay by using parasites expressing both reporters demonstrated that the assays' sensitivities were comparable but that the accuracy of the YFP assay was higher, especially at higher numbers of parasites per well. Determination of the 50%-inhibitory concentrations of three known growth-inhibiting drugs ( @entity11119 , @entity4765 , and @entity3402 ) resulted in values comparable to published data. The delayed parasite @entity204 kinetics of @entity3402 could be measured without modification of the assay, making this assay very versatile. Additionally, the temperature-dependent effect of @entity4765 was assayed in both wild-type and engineered drug-resistant parasites. Lastly, the development of @entity3442 resistance after transfection of a resistance gene in @entity3204 was followed. In conclusion, the YFP growth assay limits pipetting steps to a minimum, is highly versatile and amendable to automation, and should enable rapid screening of compounds to fulfill the need for more efficient and less toxic antiparasitic drugs.

title: High-throughput growth assay for XXXX using yellow fluorescent protein.

entities_list: @entity3442 :: ('MESH:D009173', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolic acid']

entities_list: @entity11119 :: ('MESH:D015638', 'Chemical') :: ['cytochalasin D']

entities_list: @entity4765 :: ('MESH:D011739', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimethamine']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

entities_list: @entity3204 :: ('5811', 'Species') :: ['T. gondii', 'Toxoplasma gondii']

answer: @entity3204 :: (5811,Species) :: ['Toxoplasma gondii']


abstract: The time course of @entity741 was studied in @entity235 myocardium by electron microscopy. @entity63 of the myocardium produces ultrastructural alterations of mitochondria, nuclei, contractile apparatus, and the SR- and T-tubular system that are accompanied by loss of glycogen and intracellular @entity4 . These changes are more pronounced with increasing severity of @entity63 , and they allow the differentiation between different stages of reversible and of irreversible injury. Reperfusion of reversibly injured tissue leads to structural recovery; reperfusion of irreversibly injured tissue produces further deterioration. On the basis of ultrastructural data, it was found that in a @entity235 , after 45 minutes of @entity1563 , @entity1188 was present in 20% of all animals. Transmural @entity1188 was present in 24% of all @entity235 after 90 minutes of @entity1563 and in 53% after 24 hours. The individual variability in the speed of development of @entity1188 is caused by the rate of @entity26 consumption at the time of occlusion and by the amount of collateral flow. Intermittent @entity63 is much better tolerated than permanent @entity63 of the same duration. Species differences are evident. The course of development of @entity296 , therefore, depends on time, rate of @entity26 consumption, collateral flow, mode of @entity63 , and on the species investigated.

title: Time course of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial necrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['subendocardial infarction', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial necrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatitis-B-related @entity879 has a poor prognosis. However, the advent of potent oral antiviral agents means that some @entity1 can now recover with medical treatment. We aimed to identify the prognostic factors for @entity879 including the initial as well as the dynamically changing clinical parameters during admission. METHODS: Sixty-seven @entity1 were retrospectively enrolled from 2003 to 2012 at Samsung Medical Center. The @entity1 were classified into three categories: Recovery group (n=23), Liver transplantation group (n=28), and Death group (n=16). The Liver transplantation and Death groups were combined into an Unfavorable prognosis group. We analyzed the prognostic factors including the @entity3851 ( @entity3851 ) scores determined at 3-day intervals. RESULTS: A multivariable analysis showed that the unfavorable prognostic factors were a high initial @entity3851 score (>= 28) (odds ratio [OR] =6.64, p=0.015), moderate-to-severe @entity843 at admission (OR=6.71, P=0.012), and the aggravation of hepatic @entity75 during hospitalization (>= grade III) (OR=15.41, P=0.013). Compared with the baseline level, significant reductions in the @entity3851 scores were observed on the 7th day after admission in the Recovery group (P=0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic changes in clinical parameters during admission are useful prognostic factors for @entity879 .

title: Static and dynamic prognostic factors for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute-on-chronic liver failure', 'hepatitis-B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['MELD', 'Model for End-Stage Liver Disease']

answer: @entity879 :: (MESH:D017114,Disease) :: ['hepatitis-B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure']


abstract: @entity3251 has been reported as a life-threatening @entity1292 among @entity1 with the acquired @entity3230 . The TE Study Group was established to address clinical questions about @entity3251 by retrospectively reviewing available data. The medical centers selected were those reporting @entity3251 to the Centers for Disease Control or to one of the principal investigators. Sixty-eight histologically confirmed cases of @entity3251 were reported by investigators at 31 medical centers; 61 of the @entity1 received some therapy. Overall prognosis was poor. The median survival following initiation of therapy was four months. @entity1 described as "alert" at initiation of therapy survived significantly longer than those described as "lethargic" or "stuporous." No beneficial or harmful effects could be attributed to the use of @entity288 . @entity137 attributed to @entity4765 and @entity11682 therapy was reported in 60 percent of @entity1 . @entity1431 , @entity1910 , and @entity882 were common during therapy. A clinical relapse of @entity3251 was reported in 50 percent of @entity1 discharged from the hospital.

title: Assessment of therapy for XXXX . The TE Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity11682 :: ('CHEBI:35358', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfonamide']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['Leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity3251 :: ('MESH:D014125', 'Disease') :: ['Toxoplasma encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity3230 :: ('MESH:C565469', 'Disease') :: ['immune deficiency syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infection']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity3251 :: (MESH:D014125,Disease) :: ['toxoplasma encephalitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary @entity299 is one of the @entity5 of the heart. It belongs to the extra-nodal @entity1893 . The most common type of this @entity5 is diffuse large @entity1892 . Usually, right atrium and right ventricle are involved. This @entity5 is fatal unless diagnosed and treated in time. In this article two female @entity1 who were diagnosed with primary @entity299 and treated at our clinic are described. The first @entity1 went to remission after the treatment, while the second @entity1 died. The goals of this article are to show the difficulties of diagnosing and treating this disease, the role of cardiac surgery in its treatment and to raise awareness of this disease. CASE REPORTS: In this article two female @entity1 who were diagnosed with primary @entity299 and treated at our clinic are described. The first @entity1 went to remission after the treatment, while the second @entity1 died. CONCLUSIONS: Primary @entity299 is a very rare disease. At the moment the most effective treatment is chemotherapy. Palliative surgery may be necessary to correct hemodynamics when venous blood flow to the lungs is disturbed.

title: Primary XXXX : two cases and a review of literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rarest tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphomas"]

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early identification of acute exacerbations of @entity1030 facilitates better care. This study was designed to validate a short questionnaire (Exascore) developed to help @entity1 , relatives and carers to diagnose acute exacerbations. METHOD: We first addressed content validity that allowed the elaboration of two questionnaires, one assessing the current status and the other stable status (transition). The second step tested their construction validity, reproducibility and concomitant validity among 126 @entity1030 @entity1 aged 64.4  9.9 years. They included 56 presenting with an exacerbation and 70 in stable state, of whom 57 completed the questionnaire a second time after 7 days. The diagnosis of exacerbation and assessment of severity (gold standard) were established by the treating respiratory physician and confirmed by two independent experts. RESULTS: Factorial analyses established a "current status" questionnaire comprising 8 items and 2 dimensions. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were satisfactory, 0.867 for "respiratory impact", 0.886 for "psychosocial impact" and 0.886 for the total score. Concomitant validity and reproducibility were also adequate. The transition questionnaire did not obtain convincing psychometric results. CONCLUSIONS: The "current status" Exascore questionnaire satisfies psychometric quality criteria while being usable in clinical practice. It helps in diagnosing acute exacerbations and assessing their intensity. Further studies will need to test the adequacy of proposed thresholds, the factorial structure of the score in healthcare professionals and @entity1 ' relatives, and its predictive power.

title: [Validation of an evaluation questionnaire for XXXX acute exacerbations (Exascore)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Major advances in the conduct of pediatric practice have been reported in the Italian Journal of Pediatrics in 2014. This review highlights developments in @entity566 , gastroenterology, @entity166 , neonatology, nutrition, oncology and respiratory tract illnesses. Investigations endorse a need to better educate guardians and improve nutritional management in @entity5419 . Management of @entity3638 in neonates and of @entity5924 have been improved by position statements of scientific societies. Novel treatments for @entity1 @entity29 have emerged. Studies suggest the diagnostic utility of ultrasonography in diagnosing community-acquired @entity55 . Progress in @entity166 should include the universal varicella vaccination of @entity1 . Recommendations on @entity1763 and @entity649 have been highlighted in neonatology. Studies have evidenced that @entity3147 remains a common underestimated problem in developing countries, while exposure to @entity5 risk factors in @entity1 is not negligible in Western countries. Advances in our understanding of less common diseases such as @entity1577 , @entity3617 , @entity7633 facilitate diagnosis and management. Researches have led to new therapeutic approaches in @entity2461 and @entity5 .

title: Advances in pediatrics in 2014: current practices and challenges in @entity566 , gastroenterology, XXXX , neonatology, nutrition, oncology and respiratory tract illnesses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['plastic bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'pediatric malignancies']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7633 :: ('MESH:C536281', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['colic and inflammatory bowel diseases']

entities_list: @entity2461 :: ('MESH:D004374', 'Disease') :: ['patent ductus arteriosus']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity5924 :: ('MESH:D001988', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiolitis']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity166 :: (MESH:D003141,Disease) :: ['infectious diseases']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Major advances in the conduct of pediatric practice have been reported in the Italian Journal of Pediatrics in 2014. This review highlights developments in @entity566 , gastroenterology, @entity166 , neonatology, nutrition, oncology and respiratory tract illnesses. Investigations endorse a need to better educate guardians and improve nutritional management in @entity5419 . Management of @entity3638 in neonates and of @entity5924 have been improved by position statements of scientific societies. Novel treatments for @entity1 @entity29 have emerged. Studies suggest the diagnostic utility of ultrasonography in diagnosing community-acquired @entity55 . Progress in @entity166 should include the universal varicella vaccination of @entity1 . Recommendations on @entity1763 and @entity649 have been highlighted in neonatology. Studies have evidenced that @entity3147 remains a common underestimated problem in developing countries, while exposure to @entity5 risk factors in @entity1 is not negligible in Western countries. Advances in our understanding of less common diseases such as @entity1577 , @entity3617 , @entity7633 facilitate diagnosis and management. Researches have led to new therapeutic approaches in @entity2461 and @entity5 .

title: Advances in pediatrics in 2014: current practices and challenges in XXXX , gastroenterology, @entity166 , neonatology, nutrition, oncology and respiratory tract illnesses.

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Assistive technology for cognition (ATC) can be an effective means of compensating for @entity73 following acquired @entity1545 (ABI). Systematic instruction is an evidence-based approach to training a variety of skills and strategies, including the use of ATC. OBJECTIVE: This study experimentally evaluated systematic instruction applied to assistive technology for cognition (ATC) in a vocational setting. METHODS: The study used a single-case, multiple-probe design across behaviors design. The @entity1 was a 50-year old female with @entity73 following an acquired @entity1545 (ABI). As a part-time employee, she was systematically instructed on how to operate and routinely use selected applications (apps) on her iPod Touch to support three work-related skills: (a) recording/recalling the details of work assignments, (b) recording/recalling work-related meetings and conversations, and (c) recording/performing multi-step technology tasks. The experimental intervention was systematic instruction applied to ATC. The dependent measures were: (a) the use of ATC at work as measured by an ATC routine task analysis; and (b) recall of work-related tasks and information. RESULTS: Treatment effects were replicated across the three work-related skills and were maintained up to one year following the completion of intensive training across behaviors with periodic review (booster sessions). CONCLUSIONS: Systematic instruction is a critical component to teaching the routine use of ATC to compensate for cognitive challenges following ABI.

title: Systematic instruction of assistive technology for cognition (ATC) in an employment setting following acquired XXXX : A single case, experimental study.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is characterized by severe @entity73 and @entity2414 . @entity195 is classified both into the "protein conformational" and the "endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria stress" disorders. @entity195 is a very complex, multifactorial disease of heterogeneous genetic and environmental background. The amyloid hypothesis of @entity195 cannot fully explain the various clinical forms of the disease. Protein folding and misfolding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and accumulation of several misfolded proteins (b-amyloid, Tau, @entity8095 , etc.) in ER and mitochondria (MT) may play a key role in the development of @entity195 . Functional degradation of the synapse and the synapse holding neurites represents the first step in the pathogenesis of @entity179 . MT and ER are tightly coupled both physically and functionally with a special lipid raft called mitochondria-associated ER-membrane (MAM). MAM is crucial for @entity141 signalling and metabolic regulation of the cell. In turn, the impairment of ER-MT interplay is a common mechanism of different @entity179 . In this review, we discuss recent findings focusing on the protein conformational and @entity209 , and the role of MAM and ER-MT crosstalk in @entity179 .

title: Protein Folding and Misfolding, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in XXXX : in Trace of Novel Drug Targets.

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory loss']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['Neurodegenerative Diseases']