abstract: Variations of Ki-67, @entity876 , and @entity42485 monoclonal antibody reactions in colonic @entity652 may be associated with @entity694 risk. We studied the predictive value of these markers for adverse behavior in severely @entity2513 , such as an associated @entity189 , multiplicity of @entity652 , and subsequent development of @entity652 . For this purpose we compared theclinical, gross, and histologic characteristics of highly dysplastic index @entity1127 in 42 @entity1 with Ki 67, @entity876 , and @entity42485 immunostaining and other molecular markers. @entity1127 were removed endoscopically, and severely @entity1127 were stained immunohistochemically with Ki-67, @entity42485 , and @entity876 protein by the avidin @entity1885 conjugate (ABC) technique. Quantitative DNA (QDNA) was analyzed by computer-assisted image analysis. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry showed reversal of normal distribution of nuclear staining from the normal basal position to the upper third of the colonic crypts. This abnormality of immunostaining in @entity652 was the earliest detected by the panel we used. A statistically significant correlation was seen between @entity189 in the index polyp and polyp size (P = 0.003), sessile morphology (P = 0.037), and villous or tubulovillous histology (P = 0.019). In the index @entity652 , @entity876 positivity was correlated with multiplicity at initial examination (P = 0.053), villous histology (P = 0.053), @entity189 (P < 0.003), and recurrence of @entity2513 (P = 0.025). Although @entity876 positivity and @entity2007 were correlated with @entity189 in the index polyp (P = 0.025), @entity42485 positivity was not. However, @entity42485 positivity in the index polyp was associated with multiplicity of @entity652 (P = 0.04) as well as recurrence of @entity652 (P < 0.024). In conclusion, in addition to the morphologic and histologic markers already known, Ki-67, @entity42485 antibody, and @entity876 protein may be prognostic indicators useful in follow-up of @entity1 with severely @entity2513 . @entity42485 antibody may identify a field defect in above-average-risk @entity652 -bearing @entity1 .

title: Correlation of Ki-67, @entity876 , and XXXX immunohistochemical staining and ploidy with clinical and histopathologic features of severely @entity2513 .

answer: @entity42485 :: (MESH:C516879,Chemical) :: ['Adnab-9']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy ( @entity2286 ) with @entity11655 -68 tamponade and 360   endolaser versus 20-gauge @entity2286 with encircling scleral buckling (ESB) and an SF6 gas tamponade for the repair of primary @entity1713 with @entity989 . METHODS: Prospective, randomized, comparative, interventional study. Eighty-two eyes of 82 consecutive @entity1 were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 treatment groups: 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 -68 (44 eyes, 54%) or 20-gauge @entity2286 /ESB/SF6 (20%) (38 eyes, 46%). The inclusion criterion was the presence of primary @entity1713 with at least 1 retinal break between the 4- and 8-o'clock positions. The study protocol involved a minimum of 7 visits: baseline, day of surgery, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperation. @entity11655 -68 removal was performed within 12 weeks of the initial surgery. Two surgical procedures were required in the @entity11655 group to remove the oil. RESULTS: After the primary procedure, the retina was reattached in 90% (40 of 44) of cases in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group and in 92% (35 of 38) of cases in the 20-gauge @entity2286 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.2, Fisher's exact test). After resolution of redetachments, final anatomical success rate rose to 97% (43 of 44) in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group and 94% (36 of 38) in the 20-gauge @entity2286 /SB/SF6 group (P = 0.32, Fisher's exact test). Mean final best-corrected visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was 0.40 in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group and 0.48 in the 20-gauge @entity2286 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.31, t-test). Operative time was significantly less in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group (P = 0.002, t-test). No statistically significant difference in the complication rate between the two groups was recorded. CONCLUSION: Twenty-three-gauge @entity2286 combined with @entity11655 -68 and 360   endolaser and 20-gauge @entity2286 combined with ESB/SF6 seemed to have similar efficacy in the repair of primary @entity1713 . Supplementary scleral buckling can be avoided using a @entity11655 -68 tamponade for @entity1713 with @entity989 .

title: Twenty-three-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, @entity11655 -68, and 360   endolaser versus combined 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, scleral buckle, and SF6 for @entity1713 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['pseudophakic retinal detachment', 'retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['inferior retinal breaks']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['inferior retinal breaks']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy ( @entity2286 ) with @entity11655 -68 tamponade and 360   endolaser versus 20-gauge @entity2286 with encircling scleral buckling (ESB) and an SF6 gas tamponade for the repair of primary @entity1713 with @entity989 . METHODS: Prospective, randomized, comparative, interventional study. Eighty-two eyes of 82 consecutive @entity1 were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 treatment groups: 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 -68 (44 eyes, 54%) or 20-gauge @entity2286 /ESB/SF6 (20%) (38 eyes, 46%). The inclusion criterion was the presence of primary @entity1713 with at least 1 retinal break between the 4- and 8-o'clock positions. The study protocol involved a minimum of 7 visits: baseline, day of surgery, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperation. @entity11655 -68 removal was performed within 12 weeks of the initial surgery. Two surgical procedures were required in the @entity11655 group to remove the oil. RESULTS: After the primary procedure, the retina was reattached in 90% (40 of 44) of cases in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group and in 92% (35 of 38) of cases in the 20-gauge @entity2286 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.2, Fisher's exact test). After resolution of redetachments, final anatomical success rate rose to 97% (43 of 44) in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group and 94% (36 of 38) in the 20-gauge @entity2286 /SB/SF6 group (P = 0.32, Fisher's exact test). Mean final best-corrected visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was 0.40 in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group and 0.48 in the 20-gauge @entity2286 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.31, t-test). Operative time was significantly less in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group (P = 0.002, t-test). No statistically significant difference in the complication rate between the two groups was recorded. CONCLUSION: Twenty-three-gauge @entity2286 combined with @entity11655 -68 and 360   endolaser and 20-gauge @entity2286 combined with ESB/SF6 seemed to have similar efficacy in the repair of primary @entity1713 . Supplementary scleral buckling can be avoided using a @entity11655 -68 tamponade for @entity1713 with @entity989 .

title: Twenty-three-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, @entity11655 -68, and 360   endolaser versus combined 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, scleral buckle, and SF6 for XXXX with @entity989 .

answer: @entity1713 :: (MESH:D012163,Disease) :: ['pseudophakic retinal detachment']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy ( @entity2286 ) with @entity11655 -68 tamponade and 360   endolaser versus 20-gauge @entity2286 with encircling scleral buckling (ESB) and an SF6 gas tamponade for the repair of primary @entity1713 with @entity989 . METHODS: Prospective, randomized, comparative, interventional study. Eighty-two eyes of 82 consecutive @entity1 were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 treatment groups: 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 -68 (44 eyes, 54%) or 20-gauge @entity2286 /ESB/SF6 (20%) (38 eyes, 46%). The inclusion criterion was the presence of primary @entity1713 with at least 1 retinal break between the 4- and 8-o'clock positions. The study protocol involved a minimum of 7 visits: baseline, day of surgery, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperation. @entity11655 -68 removal was performed within 12 weeks of the initial surgery. Two surgical procedures were required in the @entity11655 group to remove the oil. RESULTS: After the primary procedure, the retina was reattached in 90% (40 of 44) of cases in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group and in 92% (35 of 38) of cases in the 20-gauge @entity2286 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.2, Fisher's exact test). After resolution of redetachments, final anatomical success rate rose to 97% (43 of 44) in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group and 94% (36 of 38) in the 20-gauge @entity2286 /SB/SF6 group (P = 0.32, Fisher's exact test). Mean final best-corrected visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was 0.40 in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group and 0.48 in the 20-gauge @entity2286 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.31, t-test). Operative time was significantly less in the 23-gauge @entity2286 / @entity11655 group (P = 0.002, t-test). No statistically significant difference in the complication rate between the two groups was recorded. CONCLUSION: Twenty-three-gauge @entity2286 combined with @entity11655 -68 and 360   endolaser and 20-gauge @entity2286 combined with ESB/SF6 seemed to have similar efficacy in the repair of primary @entity1713 . Supplementary scleral buckling can be avoided using a @entity11655 -68 tamponade for @entity1713 with @entity989 .

title: Twenty-three-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, XXXX -68, and 360   endolaser versus combined 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, scleral buckle, and SF6 for @entity1713 with @entity989 .

answer: @entity11655 :: (MESH:C515608,Chemical) :: ['Densiron']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity580 ( @entity580 ) is associated with increased resource use. The current study addressed the cost excess attributable to nosocomial @entity293 (NUTI). METHODS: Case-control study conducted in a cohort population. For matching, the Diagnostic Related Group (DRG) to which the episode of case @entity1 was ascribed was used. Then, a further search was conducted in the hospital discharge database with the following parameters: DRG, gender, age, admission date, department, comparison of length of stays, main diagnosis, co-morbidities, number of secondary diagnoses and procedures. Matching was achieved for 64 episodes (71%), and upon them an estimation of costs was performed. RESULTS: The mean length of stay for cases were 15.3 (median: 12) and 12.3 (median: 11) days for cases and controls, respectively (p = 0.0001). The excess of length of stay attributable to NUTI was 3 days (95% CI 1.6-4.7), longer for @entity1 admitted to Medical Departments (5.3 days) than for @entity1 admitted to Surgical Departments (2 days) (p = 0,03). The use of diagnostic resources was significantly higher for bacteriological testing only. The use of antibiotics and fluid therapy was higher among infected @entity1 . Out of the total excess of the estimated costs per episode, 132,047 ptas, 93% corresponded to the increase in hospital stay. Ten @entity1 (15.6%) were responsible for 68% of the total of extra-costs. In 17 occasions (26.6%), the control @entity1 used more resources than the infected @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Nosocomial @entity293 is associated with a resource use directly related to its presence. For the most part, it is related to the prolongation of hospital stay.

title: [Estimating the costs associated with nosocomial XXXX . A case-control study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['NI', 'Nosocomial infection']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infection']


abstract: The use of more than one right ventricular site for programmed electrical stimulation has been reported to increase the number of @entity1 in whom @entity1165 can be provoked. To determine a possible reason for these observations, programmed @entity1165 studies were evaluated in 316 @entity1 (185 @entity1 and 131 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 63 +/- 7 years who presented with @entity1165 or @entity1167 . The underlying @entity299 was @entity731 (81%), @entity296 (15%), @entity340 (3%), and miscellaneous conditions (1%). Programmed electrical stimulation studies employed a six-beat pacing train, at a cycle length of 500 msec with the introduction of one to three premature stimuli at twice diastolic threshold at the right ventricular apex. If @entity1165 at the right ventricular apex could not be provoked in a @entity1 , the study was repeated at the right ventricular outflow tract. A total of 36 @entity1 were studied at the right ventricular outflow tract. Eleven (31%) were provoked into @entity1165 , while 25 (69%) were not. No difference existed between the QRS, QT, and QTc intervals between those having @entity1165 provoked at the outflow tract compared to those without inducible @entity591 at the right ventricular outflow tract. The effective refractory period was 280 +/- 5 msec at the right ventricular outflow tract in those @entity1 not inducible, and 226 +/- 4 msec in those inducible (p less than 0.05). We defined the change in ventricular refractory period as the difference in the effective refractory period at the right ventricular outflow tract minus the effective refractory period at the right ventricular apex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Refractoriness as a determinant of XXXX inducibility in the right ventricle.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular heart disease']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['tachycardia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The clinical outcome of @entity356 remains unclear. The present study was designed to evaluate the clinical outcome and predictive factors of survival in @entity1 with @entity356 . METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive @entity1 with @entity356 between January 1998 and December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. All @entity1 had @entity3041 ; 13 @entity1 had bilateral @entity3041 , and 12 @entity1 had unilateral @entity3041 . RESULTS: Ten @entity1 presented with @entity158 , 3 @entity1 with @entity293 , and 2 @entity1 with @entity810 . Seven (58%) of 12 @entity1 with unilateral @entity1695 experienced progression to bilateral @entity1695 during the follow-up period. Eighteen @entity1 (61%) were eventually managed with urinary diversion. In total, 5 @entity1 were managed with percutaneous nephrostomy, and 15 @entity1 with retrograde ureteral stenting. All symptomatic @entity1 responded to urinary diversion. The overall median survival was 5.8 months, and the 6-month and 1-year survival rates were 48 and 32%, respectively. Chemotherapy was found to be the only independent predictor of survival (p=0.0498). Median survival in @entity1 who received chemotherapy was 11.2 months, in comparison to 3.1 months in @entity1 who did not receive chemotherapy (p=0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of @entity356 was extremely poor, particularly when chemotherapy was not administered. The indications for palliative urinary diversion should be determined after considering the @entity1 's symptoms, the expected survival time, the possibility of further chemotherapeutic options, and the current quality of life.

title: Clinical outcome and management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1695 :: ('MESH:D014517', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral obstruction secondary to gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['ureteral obstruction secondary to gastric cancer']


abstract: Reports of two or more anatomically distinct @entity5 types clustering in families suggest the possible existence of a susceptibility-to- @entity5 gene. To determine whether a genetic predisposition accounts for such @entity1423 , a retrospective case-control study was conducted in 1976-1979 of 337 southern Louisiana families in each of which a @entity2 @entity1 was used as the proband. A comparison of first-degree relatives of proband families with spouse (control) families revealed a significantly greater overall risk of @entity5 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, p less than 0.0001) in the proband group. Using logistic regression techniques to control for the confounding effects of age, sex, cigarette smoking, and occupational/industrial exposures, relatives of @entity2 probands maintained an increased risk of @entity2 (p less than 0.05). The crude odds ratio of a proband family having one family member with @entity5 was 1.67 compared with control families. Proband families were 2.16 times more likely to have two other family members with @entity5 . For three @entity5 and four or more @entity5 , the risk increased to 3.66 and 5.04, respectively. Each risk estimate was significant at the 0.01 level. The most striking differences in @entity5 prevalence between proband and control families were noted for @entity5 /sinus, mid-ear, and larynx (OR = 4.6); @entity825 , bronchus and lung (OR = 3.0); skin (OR = 2.8); and uterus, placenta, ovary, and other female organs (OR = 2.1). These data support the hypothesis of a genetic susceptibility to @entity5 in families with @entity2 .

title: Increased familial risk for XXXX among relatives of @entity2 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['familial aggregation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'cancer of the nasal cavity']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['deceased lung cancer', 'lung cancer', 'non-lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['non-lung cancer']


abstract: Reports of two or more anatomically distinct @entity5 types clustering in families suggest the possible existence of a susceptibility-to- @entity5 gene. To determine whether a genetic predisposition accounts for such @entity1423 , a retrospective case-control study was conducted in 1976-1979 of 337 southern Louisiana families in each of which a @entity2 @entity1 was used as the proband. A comparison of first-degree relatives of proband families with spouse (control) families revealed a significantly greater overall risk of @entity5 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, p less than 0.0001) in the proband group. Using logistic regression techniques to control for the confounding effects of age, sex, cigarette smoking, and occupational/industrial exposures, relatives of @entity2 probands maintained an increased risk of @entity2 (p less than 0.05). The crude odds ratio of a proband family having one family member with @entity5 was 1.67 compared with control families. Proband families were 2.16 times more likely to have two other family members with @entity5 . For three @entity5 and four or more @entity5 , the risk increased to 3.66 and 5.04, respectively. Each risk estimate was significant at the 0.01 level. The most striking differences in @entity5 prevalence between proband and control families were noted for @entity5 /sinus, mid-ear, and larynx (OR = 4.6); @entity825 , bronchus and lung (OR = 3.0); skin (OR = 2.8); and uterus, placenta, ovary, and other female organs (OR = 2.1). These data support the hypothesis of a genetic susceptibility to @entity5 in families with @entity2 .

title: Increased familial risk for @entity2 among relatives of XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: Reports of two or more anatomically distinct @entity5 types clustering in families suggest the possible existence of a susceptibility-to- @entity5 gene. To determine whether a genetic predisposition accounts for such @entity1423 , a retrospective case-control study was conducted in 1976-1979 of 337 southern Louisiana families in each of which a @entity2 @entity1 was used as the proband. A comparison of first-degree relatives of proband families with spouse (control) families revealed a significantly greater overall risk of @entity5 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, p less than 0.0001) in the proband group. Using logistic regression techniques to control for the confounding effects of age, sex, cigarette smoking, and occupational/industrial exposures, relatives of @entity2 probands maintained an increased risk of @entity2 (p less than 0.05). The crude odds ratio of a proband family having one family member with @entity5 was 1.67 compared with control families. Proband families were 2.16 times more likely to have two other family members with @entity5 . For three @entity5 and four or more @entity5 , the risk increased to 3.66 and 5.04, respectively. Each risk estimate was significant at the 0.01 level. The most striking differences in @entity5 prevalence between proband and control families were noted for @entity5 /sinus, mid-ear, and larynx (OR = 4.6); @entity825 , bronchus and lung (OR = 3.0); skin (OR = 2.8); and uterus, placenta, ovary, and other female organs (OR = 2.1). These data support the hypothesis of a genetic susceptibility to @entity5 in families with @entity2 .

title: Increased familial risk for @entity2 among relatives of @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity2396 occurred 161 times in 136 of 1,058 @entity1 undergoing chronic dialysis during a period of 13.7 years. @entity2293 occurred during 27 episodes, while pretamponade occurred in 30. Tamponade was less frequent and resolution of @entity2396 without invasive intervention more frequent when @entity2396 occurred within 2 weeks of initiation of chronic dialysis. Similarly, resolution with conservative therapy was more frequent with first episodes than with recurrences, and when @entity2396 occurred within 3 months of initiation of chronic dialysis. The overall survival was 89.7% and was the same irrespective of the duration of dialysis or whether the @entity2396 was a first episode or a recurrence. We recommend that @entity1 with @entity2396 and no hemodynamic alterations receive intensive hemodialysis, with careful hemodynamic and echocardiographic monitoring, as primary treatment. Invasive intervention is indicated if cardiac tamponade or pretamponade develops, if a @entity2294 increases progressively in size, or if a large effusion persists after ten to 14 days of intensive dialysis. In our experience, the invasive intervention of choice is either formal pericardiectomy or subxiphoid pericardiotomy with intrapericardial @entity134 instillation. In our experience, pericardiocentesis has proven to be a high-risk procedure. It is reserved for emergency circumstances, and then is preferably performed in the operating room just prior to induction of anesthesia for @entity954 .

title: Treatment of uremic pericarditis and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis', 'Pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['definitive surgical drainage']

answer: @entity2294 :: (MESH:D010490,Disease) :: ['pericardial effusion']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examined the characteristics of continuously measured right ventricular (RV) hemodynamic information derived from an implantable hemodynamic monitor (IHM) in @entity712 @entity1 . BACKGROUND: Hemodynamic monitoring might improve the day-to-day management of @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). Little is known about the characteristics of long-term hemodynamic information in @entity1 with @entity712 or how such information relates to meaningful clinical events. METHODS: Thirty-two @entity1 with @entity712 received a permanent RV IHM system similar to a single-lead pacemaker. Right ventricular systolic and diastolic pressures, heart rate, and pressure derivatives were continuously measured for nine months without using the data for clinical decision-making or management of @entity1 . Data were then made available to clinical providers, and the @entity1 were followed up for 17 months. Pressure characteristics during optimal volume, clinically determined @entity1284 exacerbations, and volume depletion events were examined. The effect of IHM on hospitalizations was examined using the @entity1 ' historical controls. RESULTS: Long-term RV pressure measurements had either marked variability or minimal time-related changes. During 36 @entity1284 events, RV systolic pressures increased by 25 +/- 4% (p < 0.05) and heart rate increased by 11 +/- 2% (p < 0.05). Pressure increases occurred in 9 of 12 events 4 +/- 2 days before the exacerbations requiring hospitalization. Hospitalizations before using IHM data for clinical management averaged 1.08 per @entity1 year and decreased to 0.47 per @entity1 -year (57% reduction, p < 0.01) after hemodynamic data were used. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term ambulatory pressure measurements from an IHM may be helpful in guiding day-to-day clinical management, with a potentially favorable impact on @entity712 hospitalizations.

title: Ongoing right ventricular hemodynamics in XXXX : clinical value of measurements derived from an implantable monitoring system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure', 'heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity1284 :: ('MESH:D019190', 'Disease') :: ['volume-overload']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recombinant interferons have been approved by many national regulatory agencies for treatment of relapsing remitting @entity15 , but widespread discussion continues about their true effectiveness, benefits, side-effects, and costs. METHODS: With the Cochrane Collaboration methodology, we reviewed all published, randomised, placebo-controlled trials of recombinant interferons undertaken in @entity1 with relapsing remitting @entity15 between 1993 and 2002. Our primary aim was to find out whether recombinant interferons reduced the number of @entity1 who had clinical exacerbations and disease progression, compared with placebo. FINDINGS: The seven trials that met our criteria included 1215 randomised @entity1 : data from 667 (55%) were available for analysis at 1 year's and from 919 (76%) at 2 years' follow-up. Interferon seemed to reduce the number of @entity1 who had exacerbations during the first year of treatment (relative risk 0.73, 95% CI 0.54-0.99), but results at 2 years' follow-up were not robust and were difficult to interpret because of the many dropouts. Although the number of @entity1 who had exacerbations (0.81, 0.74-0.89) or progressed (0.70, 0.55-0.88) during the first 2 years fell significantly in the protocol analysis, results were inconclusive after sensitivity analyses for exacerbations (1.11, 0.73-1.68) and disease progression (1.31, 0.60-2.89). Data were insufficient to establish whether @entity479 use and admissions to hospital were reduced in the interferon group. Similarly, MRI outcome data could not be analysed quantitatively. Side-effects were common, and acute toxic effects adversely affected quality of life. INTERPRETATION: Recombinant interferons slightly reduce the number of @entity1 who have exacerbations during first year of treatment. Their clinical effect beyond 1 year is uncertain and new trials are needed to assess their long-term effectiveness and side-effects.

title: Interferons in relapsing remitting XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity876 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity876 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity72643 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity1311 (175 mg/m2) and @entity632 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity5 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity876 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity390 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity1431 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity876 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity876 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity876 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of @entity876 status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using @entity1311 and @entity632 in stage XXXX @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

answer: @entity72643 :: (MESH:C566890,Disease) :: ['IIIB']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity876 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity876 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity72643 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity1311 (175 mg/m2) and @entity632 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity5 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity876 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity390 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity1431 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity876 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity876 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity876 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of XXXX status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using @entity1311 and @entity632 in stage @entity72643 @entity0 .

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity876 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity876 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity72643 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity1311 (175 mg/m2) and @entity632 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity5 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity876 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity390 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity1431 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity876 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity876 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity876 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of @entity876 status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using @entity1311 and XXXX in stage @entity72643 @entity0 .

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity876 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity876 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity72643 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity1311 (175 mg/m2) and @entity632 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity5 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity876 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity390 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity1431 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity876 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity876 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity876 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of @entity876 status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using XXXX and @entity632 in stage @entity72643 @entity0 .

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity876 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity876 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity72643 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity1311 (175 mg/m2) and @entity632 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity5 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity876 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity390 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity1431 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity876 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity876 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity876 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of @entity876 status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using @entity1311 and @entity632 in stage @entity72643 XXXX .

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Parents often report that young @entity1 have "smelly urine" or a particular urinary odour. There is little evidence that these observations are relevant to the diagnosis of @entity293 ( @entity293 ). AIMS: To determine whether parental reporting of smelly urine is of any relevance to the diagnosis of @entity293 in @entity1 less than 6 years of age. METHODS: Parents whose @entity1 were having urine collected as part of their admission to a large district hospital were given a simple questionnaire to complete regarding the current smell of their @entity1 's urine. Parents were asked whether their @entity1 's urine smelled different from usual or had a particular smell. Microscopy and culture results of the @entity1 's urine were compared to their parent's questionnaire answers to see if there was a association between parental reporting of a different or particular urine smell and a diagnosis of @entity293 . RESULTS: One hundred and ten questionnaires and urine samples were obtained. Fifty two per cent of parents thought that their @entity1 's urine smelled different from usual or had a particular smell. Only 6.4% of @entity1 were diagnosed as having a @entity293 . There was no statistically significant association between parental reporting of abnormal urine smell and diagnosis of @entity293 . CONCLUSION: In determining whether a young @entity1 has a @entity293 , asking parents about urine smell is unlikely to be of benefit.

title: Parental reporting of smelly urine and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'UTI']

answer: @entity293 :: (MESH:D014552,Disease) :: ['urinary tract infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Until recently, @entity1363 sedation was routinely used in our institution for bone marrow aspirates and lumbar punctures in @entity1 with @entity5 . It has been perceived by many doctors and nurses as being well tolerated by @entity1 and their families. AIM: To compare the efficacy of inhalational general anaesthesia and @entity1363 sedation for these procedures. METHODS: A total of 96 @entity1 with @entity5 , who received either inhalational general anaesthesia with @entity2614 , @entity3810 , and @entity26 (GA) or sedation with oral or nasal @entity1363 (SED) as part of their routine preparation for procedures were studied. The experiences of these @entity1 were examined during their current procedure and during their first ever procedure. Main outcome measures were the degree of physical restraint used on the @entity1 , and the levels of distress and @entity158 experienced by the @entity1 during the current procedure and during the first procedure. The family's preference for future procedures was also determined. RESULTS: During 102 procedures under GA, restraint was needed on four occasions (4%) when the anaesthetic mask was first applied, minimal @entity158 was reported, and @entity1 were reported as distressed about 25% of the time. During 80 SED procedures, restraint was required in 94%, firm restraint was required in 66%, the @entity1 could not be restrained in 14%, median @entity158 score was 6 (scale 0 (no @entity158 ) to 6 (maximum @entity158 )), and 90% of the parents reported distress in their @entity1 . Ninety per cent of families wanted GA for future procedures. Many families reported dissatisfaction with the sedation regime and raised concerns about the restraint used on their @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: This general anaesthetic regime minimised the need for restraint and was associated with low levels of @entity158 and distress. The sedation regime, by contrast, was much less effective. There was a significant disparity between the perceptions of health professionals and those of families with respect to how @entity1 coped with @entity158 .

title: General anaesthesia or conscious sedation for XXXX in @entity5 : the family's perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic disorders', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful procedures']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['painful procedures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Until recently, @entity1363 sedation was routinely used in our institution for bone marrow aspirates and lumbar punctures in @entity1 with @entity5 . It has been perceived by many doctors and nurses as being well tolerated by @entity1 and their families. AIM: To compare the efficacy of inhalational general anaesthesia and @entity1363 sedation for these procedures. METHODS: A total of 96 @entity1 with @entity5 , who received either inhalational general anaesthesia with @entity2614 , @entity3810 , and @entity26 (GA) or sedation with oral or nasal @entity1363 (SED) as part of their routine preparation for procedures were studied. The experiences of these @entity1 were examined during their current procedure and during their first ever procedure. Main outcome measures were the degree of physical restraint used on the @entity1 , and the levels of distress and @entity158 experienced by the @entity1 during the current procedure and during the first procedure. The family's preference for future procedures was also determined. RESULTS: During 102 procedures under GA, restraint was needed on four occasions (4%) when the anaesthetic mask was first applied, minimal @entity158 was reported, and @entity1 were reported as distressed about 25% of the time. During 80 SED procedures, restraint was required in 94%, firm restraint was required in 66%, the @entity1 could not be restrained in 14%, median @entity158 score was 6 (scale 0 (no @entity158 ) to 6 (maximum @entity158 )), and 90% of the parents reported distress in their @entity1 . Ninety per cent of families wanted GA for future procedures. Many families reported dissatisfaction with the sedation regime and raised concerns about the restraint used on their @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: This general anaesthetic regime minimised the need for restraint and was associated with low levels of @entity158 and distress. The sedation regime, by contrast, was much less effective. There was a significant disparity between the perceptions of health professionals and those of families with respect to how @entity1 coped with @entity158 .

title: General anaesthesia or conscious sedation for @entity158 in XXXX : the family's perspective.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['childhood cancer']


abstract: The present study was carried out with an aim to perform a prospective study to establish the role of @entity13420 (3  %) (STDS) as a safe and effective sclerosant in the management of primary hydrocele. Sclerotherapy was performed with 3  % STDS on an outdoor basis. The amount of sclerosant injected depended on the amount of fluid drained. All @entity1 were given prophylactic antibiotics. @entity1 were clinically reassessed at 1  week, 1  month, 3  months, and 6  months and earlier if complications occur. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 15.0. The data have been represented as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was used to compare the data. A total of 57 @entity1 with primary vaginal hydrocele gave consent for being enrolled in the study. The age of @entity1 ranged from 18 to 65  years with a mean age of 35.72        13.18  years. The success rate at the end of the study was observed to be 84.2  %. As regards @entity1 satisfaction, in present study, in a limited time period of follow up, all the @entity1 who had a successful procedure were satisfied. Overall, sclerotherapy was observed to be a relatively cost-effective (including both direct and indirect costs) procedure with low complications, high satisfaction, and a high success rate within the limited period of follow-up.

title: Evaluation of the Role of XXXX as a Sclerosant in the Treatment of Primary Hydrocele.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity13420 :: ('MESH:D012981', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium tetradecyl sulfate']

answer: @entity13420 :: (MESH:D012981,Chemical) :: ['Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate']


abstract: The rectal sensitivity test evaluates the distension volume for which the initial transient sensation occurs on defecation (conscious rectal sensitivity threshold). The conscious rectal sensitivity threshold (S.S.R.C.) was performed on 10 normal controlled subjects and 103 @entity1 with chronic @entity1142 , functional megarectum and normal rectoanal inhibitory reflex. @entity1 were between 5 and 14 years old. S.S.R.C. was increased in @entity1 with chronic @entity1142 . @entity2464 was proportionally increased with relation to S.S.R.C. increase. A therapeutical protocol was applied in all @entity1 . Fifteen @entity1 are still being treated: 87 obtained a normal function within 8 to 23 months of treatment; in one case the treatment was unsuccessful. The period of treatment was proportional to S.S.R.C. increase. Physiopathological background of a correct management is discussed.

title: [Value of rectal sensitivity test in chronic childhood XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity2464 :: ('MESH:D004688', 'Disease') :: ['Encopresis']

answer: @entity1142 :: (MESH:D003248,Disease) :: ['constipation']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: For the diagnosis of various aspects of disease and diseased @entity1 , several methods have been described in the Ayurvedic texts. These can be broadly classified into Roga and Rogi Pariksha. Several methods of Roga-Rogi Pariksha such as Ashtasthana, Dashavidha, Dvadashavidha Pariksha are described. Mutra Pariksha was the main laboratory investigative tools in the past and it is included under Ashtasthana, Pariksha. There is no direct description of methodology to ascertain the prognosis of @entity5 in the Ayurvedic classics. Taila Bindu Pariksha, which is a part of Mutra Pariksha helps in assessing the prognosis of a disease. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) had developed the scale to ascertain prognosis of @entity5 in 1955. These ECOG performance scale gives doctors and research scholars a scale with which they can quickly assess the functional capacity of a @entity1 and the progress of disease. AIM: To evaluate the prognosis of @entity5 by Taila Bindu Pariksha and compare the results with ECOG scale. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pilot study was undertaken on a single group of 20 @entity5 @entity1 which are advised radio or chemotherapy for further management. The urine samples collected from the @entity1 were subjected to Taila Bindu Pariksha. The ECOG scale was also assessed and compared with shape and direction of spread. RESULT: In majority of the @entity1 , the correlation was found statistically highly significant. CONCLUSION: Taila Bindu Pariksha may be used as an alternative method to ascertain the prognosis of the @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Assessment of prognostic aspects of XXXX by Taila Bindu Pariksha.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to determine whether ribonucleases (RNases) contribute to the soluble @entity2858 inhibitory activity that results from the recognition of HLA alloantigens. DESIGN AND METHODS: Supernatants from mixed lymphocyte reactions of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy HLA-discordant individuals exhibited @entity2858 inhibitory activity (alloantigen-stimulated factors; @entity35784 ). These supernatants were tested for their sensitivity to heating (90 degrees C for 3 min), and for the presence of three RNases belonging to the @entity30555 superfamily: @entity14335 ( @entity14335 ); @entity30555 ; and angiogenin. Polyclonal antibodies specific for these RNases were used for Western blot analysis of the @entity35784 , as well as for blocking the @entity2858 inhibitory activity of @entity35784 . In addition, an RNase inhibitor (RI) was used to determine whether the anti-viral activity of @entity35784 was due to RNase activity. RESULTS: @entity2858 inhibitory activity of @entity35784 was: (i). resistant to heat treatment; (ii). blocked by 58% with an antibody specific for @entity14335 , but not with antibodies against @entity30555 or angiogenin; and (iii) blocked by 65-100% with an RI. Moreover, Western blot analysis with an anti- @entity14335 antibody detected @entity14335 in the @entity35784 . CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the majority of the soluble @entity2858 inhibitory activity contained in the supernatants of mixed lymphocyte reactions is due to @entity14335 or a closely related RNase.

title: Ribonuclease is partly responsible for the XXXX inhibitory effect activated by HLA alloantigen recognition.

entities_list: @entity14335 :: ('6036', 'Gene') :: ['EDN', 'eosinophil-derived neurotoxin']

answer: @entity2858 :: (11676,Species) :: ['HIV-1']


abstract: This paper reports our experience with a new over-the-scope @entity23396 in the setting of recurrent @entity548 . We treated five @entity1 with the over-the-scope Padlock @entity23396   . It is a @entity5648 ring, with six inner needles preassembled on an applicator cap, thumb press displaced by the Lock-It    delivery system. The trigger wire is located alongside the shaft of the endoscope, and does not require the working channel. Three @entity1 had recurrent @entity548 ( @entity548 rectal ulcer, post polypectomy delayed @entity548 and duodenal @entity75 ) and two @entity1 had a persistent @entity1576 . In all @entity1 a previous endoscopic attempt with standard techniques had been useless. All procedures were conducted under conscious sedation but for one @entity1 that required general anaesthesia due to multiple comorbidities. We used one Padlock @entity23396    for each @entity1 in a single session. Simple suction was enough in all of our @entity1 to obtain tissue adhesion to the instrument tip. A remarkably short application time was recorded for all cases (mean duration of the procedure: 8 min). We obtained technical and immediate clinical success for every @entity1 . No major immediate, early or late (within 24 h, 7 d or 4 wk) adverse events were observed, over follow-up durations lasting a mean of 109.4 d. One @entity1 , treated for duodenal bulb @entity548 from a @entity75 , developed signs of mild @entity788 24 h after the procedure. The new over-the-scope Padlock @entity23396    seems to be simple to use and effective in different clinical settings, particularly in "difficult" scenarios, like recurrent @entity548 and @entity1576 .

title: Novel endoscopic over-the-scope XXXX system.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding lesions', 'bleeding', 'bleeding and oesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ["Dieulafoy's lesion"]

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory-esophageal fistula', 'respiratory-oesophageal fistulas']

answer: @entity23396 :: (6249,Gene) :: ['clip']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of two laser wavelengths and fiber types in endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) of saphenous varicose veins of the lower limb. DESIGN: Multi-center prospective randomized non-blind clinical trial. @entity1 AND METHODS: From January 2007 to December 2011, 113 @entity1 (113 limbs) with primary varicose veins were randomized into two groups. They were treated with radial 2ring fiber and 1470 nm laser in Group I (57 limbs) and bare- @entity5936 fiber and 980 nm laser in Group E (56 limbs) in order to ablate the saphenous vein. @entity2994 rates at 12 weeks and @entity158 in treated region were recorded as primary endpoint. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for assessment of @entity158 , rates of @entity2981 , complications and equipment failure were recorded as secondary endpoint of safety. RESULTS: Occlusion rates at 12 weeks were 100% in both groups. Rates of @entity158 (0% vs. 25.0%) and @entity2981 (7.0% vs. 57.1%) were significantly lower in Group I (p <0.0001). VAS of @entity158 was significantly lower on postoperative day 1, day 5 and 2nd week in Group I. CONCLUSION: Treatment of saphenous varicose veins by EVLA using a 1470 nm laser and a radial 2ring fiber resulted in comparable occlusion rates at 12 weeks and less @entity282 and @entity2981 than EVLA with a 980 nm laser and a bare- @entity5936 fiber. (This article is a translation of Jpn J Vasc Surg 2014; 23: 964-971.).

title: Comparison of 1470 nm Laser and Radial 2ring Fiber with 980 nm Laser and Bare- XXXX Fiber in Endovenous Laser Ablation of Saphenous Varicose Veins: A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Non-Blind Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['Vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity5936 :: (261726,Gene) :: ['Tip']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Data on @entity358 in renal transplant recipients are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ) in renal transplant recipients. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational study in nine transplant centers of consecutive kidney transplant recipients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for @entity1576 from 2000 to 2008. RESULTS: Of 6,819 kidney transplant recipients, 452 (6.6%) required ICU admission, including 200 admitted for @entity1576 . Fifteen (7.5%) of these @entity1 had combined kidney-pancreas transplantations. The most common causes of @entity1576 were @entity2028 (35.5%), @entity3126 (24.5%) and extrapulmonary @entity649 ( @entity649 ) (15.5%). @entity10592 occurred in 11.5% of @entity1 . Mechanical ventilation was used in 93 @entity1 (46.5%), vasopressors were used in 82 @entity1 (41%) and dialysis was administered in 104 @entity1 (52%). Both the in-hospital and 90-day mortality rates were 22.5%. Among the 155 day 90 survivors, 115 @entity1 (74.2%) were dialysis-free, including 75 @entity1 (65.2%) who recovered prior renal function. Factors independently associated with in-hospital mortality were shock at admission (odds ratio (OR) 8.70, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 3.25 to 23.29), opportunistic @entity364 (OR 7.08, 95% CI 2.32 to 21.60) and @entity2348 (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.07 to 5.96). Five factors were independently associated with day 90 dialysis-free survival: renal Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score on day 1 (OR 0.68/SOFA point, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.88), @entity2348 (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.90), three or four quadrants involved on chest X-ray (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.91), time from hospital to ICU admission (OR 0.98/day, 95% CI 0.95 to 0.99) and @entity26 flow at admission (OR 0.93/liter, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: In kidney transplant recipients, @entity1576 is associated with high mortality and graft loss rates. Increased @entity19141 and bacterial prophylaxis might improve these outcomes. Early ICU admission might prevent graft loss.

title: XXXX in kidney transplant recipients: a multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10592 :: ('MESH:D011020', 'Disease') :: ['Pneumocystis pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity19141 :: ('MESH:D016720', 'Disease') :: ['Pneumocystis']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['ARF', 'acute respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity2028 :: ('MESH:D018410', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial pneumonia']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['Acute respiratory failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The nurses working in @entity146 hospitals and wards are prone to encounter completed suicides. The research was conducted to examine post-suicide stress in nurses and the availability of suicide-related mental health care services and education. METHODS: Experiences with inpatient suicide were investigated using an anonymous, self-reported questionnaire, which was, along with the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, administered to 531 @entity146 nurses. RESULTS: The rate of nurses who had encountered @entity1 suicide was 55.0%. The mean Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) score was 11.4. The proportion of respondents at a high risk (>=  25 on the 88-point IES-R score) for @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) was 13.7%. However, only 15.8% of respondents indicated that they had access to post-suicide mental health care programmes. The survey also revealed a low rate of nurses who reported attending in-hospital seminars on suicide prevention or mental health care for nurses (26.4% and 12.8%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that nurses exposed to inpatient suicide suffer significant @entity1032 . However, the low availability of systematic post-suicide mental health care programmes for such nurses and the lack of suicide-related education initiatives and mental health care for nurses are problematic. The situation is likely related to the fact that there are no formal systems in place for identifying and evaluating the psychological effects of @entity1 suicide in nurses and to the pressures stemming from the public perception of nurses as suppliers rather than recipients of health care.

title: The impact of inpatient suicide on XXXX nurses and their need for support.

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental distress']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) on corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and morphology after trabeculectomy. METHODS: In this prospective comparative case series, 31 eyes with @entity726 underwent trabeculectomy with (group I), or without (group II) @entity1139 . Specular microscopy was performed pre-, and postoperatively at months 1 and 3. Outcome measures included central corneal endothelial cell count and coefficient of variation (CV) of cell size. RESULTS: Overall, mean preoperative ECD was 2,135.8    397.6 cells/mm(2); corresponding values at postoperative months 1 and 3 were 2,019.6    447.2 cells/mm(2), and 1,991.4    425.5 cells/mm(2), respectively (P > 0.05). Cell loss from month 1 to 3 was 1.3 % (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed significant differences in endothelial cell loss at month 1 (P = 0.048) and month 3 (P = 0.014) between the @entity1139 and control groups with no significant difference between the two groups in terms of cell loss from months 1 to 3, postoperatively (P = 0.968). Overall, mean pre-and postoperative CVs at months 1 and 3 were 27.38    4.55, 27.96    4.26, and 28.35    4.47, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no correlation between preoperative central endothelial cell density (CECD) and @entity1139 related cell loss. CONCLUSION: @entity1139 application in trabeculectomy seems to cause a small but significant corneal endothelial loss. Most of the damage occurs intraoperatively, or in the early postoperative period, however progressive endothelial cell loss is not a major concern.

title: Effect of XXXX Augmented Trabeculectomy on Corneal Endothelial Cells.

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin-C']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['Mitomycin-C']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infection with @entity2497 (Mb) predominantly causes cervical @entity3298 ( @entity3298 ). Raw milk is considered the main source of @entity4507 and raw milk is a major food source for @entity15662 pastoralists. The aim of this study was to assess @entity15662 pastoralists' knowledge concerning cervical @entity3298 and its treatment. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional survey involving 818 interviewees was conducted in two districts of the @entity15662 Region, Ethiopia. In addition, two @entity1585 ( @entity1585 ) were conducted in each of the study areas, one with @entity1 and the other with @entity1 . RESULTS: Of the 818 interviewees [357 (43.6%) females and 461 (56.4%) males], 742 (90.7%) reported that they had knowledge of cervical @entity3298 , mentioning that swelling(s) on the neck resulting in a lesion and scar are common symptoms. However, only 11 (1.5%) individuals mentioned that bacteria or germs are the causative agents of @entity3298 . Three interviewees and a male discussant mentioned drinking raw milk as the cause of @entity3298 . A considerable proportion (34.2%) of the interviewees and almost all the discussants suggested herbal medicine as an effective treatment. Male study @entity1 were 1.82 times more likely to have overall knowledge of @entity3298 than female study @entity1 (adjusted OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.32 to 2.51, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The pastoral community members in the study areas had little biomedical knowledge of the cause, the source of infection and the transmission route of cervical @entity3298 . Furthermore, most community members believed that herbal medicines are the most effective treatment for @entity3298 . Therefore, TB control programs in the @entity15662 Region require the incorporation of public health education introducing current biomedical knowledge of the disease. In addition, further studies are important to elucidate which medicinal plants are used by @entity15662 pastoralists to treat @entity3298 .

title: Knowledge of cervical tuberculosis lymphadenitis and its treatment in pastoral communities of the XXXX region, Ethiopia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity3298 :: ('MESH:D008199', 'Disease') :: ['TBL', 'TB lymphadenitis']

entities_list: @entity4507 :: ('MESH:D009164', 'Disease') :: ['Mb infection']

entities_list: @entity1585 :: ('MESH:D065703', 'Disease') :: ['FGDs', 'focus group discussions']

entities_list: @entity2497 :: ('1765', 'Species') :: ['Mycobacterium bovis']

answer: @entity15662 :: (8574,Gene) :: ['Afar']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) is a popular and classic herb in traditional Chineses medicines. The objective is to confirm the effects of aqueous extract of S. miltiorrhiza (ESM) and its main ingredient on the promotion of orthodontic tooth movement and healing of periodontal ligament in @entity35 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male @entity35 (n= 150) were divided into five groups: model control group (0.5 ml/kg @entity4613 -buffered saline (PBS) injection), ESM group (0.75 g/kg/day of crude drugs) and Danshensu subgroups (250, 500, 750 mg/kg/day of body weight). All @entity35 were administered intramuscularly into the buccal vestibular mucosa of first molar of left maxillary. The indicators such as the moving distance of orthodontic tooth, nuclear factor kB ligand ( @entity9248 ) and @entity9249 ( @entity9249 ) expression and osteoclasts were tested. RESULTS: The expressions of @entity9248 and @entity9249 in the treatment groups were obviously enhanced compared with control group (P<0.05). The increase rate of @entity9249 expression was slower than that of @entity9248 . But, @entity9248 decreased conspicuously after no orthodontic pressure was applied, especially in the treatment groups (Danshengsu high dose group at day 30: 2.17 versus 3.47 of control, P<0.01). ESM groups promoted osteoclasts proliferation in the first 20 days. CONCLUSION: There is a relationship between @entity9248 / @entity9249 ratio and the number of osteoclasts. ESM might accelerate periodontal alteration of @entity35 orthodontic tooth via producing more osteoclasts.

title: The effects of dried root aqueous extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its major ingredient in acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: Describe morbidity and survival in @entity1 older than 80 years with muscle invasive @entity150 (MIBC) treated with radical cystectomy (RC) or transurethral resection (TUR) in our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed our database of all @entity1 older than 80 years treated with RC and TUR for MIBC between 1993 and 2005 in our institution. Twenty-seven @entity1 were submitted to RC, with mean age of 82 years and mean follow-up of 16.4 months. RC was carried out following diagnosis of previous MIBC in 14 cases (51.9%). The American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score was III or IV in 23 @entity1 (85.1%). Seventy-two @entity1 with a mean age of 84 years and mean follow-up of 33 months, diagnosed with MIBC, were managed by means of TUR. The ASA score was III-IV in 64 (88.8%) @entity1 . RESULTS: Pathological stage of the RC specimen was pT3 in 18 cases (66.7%). Mean hospital stay was 16 days. Early complications were assessed in 8 @entity1 (29.6%), with an overall survival (OS) of 42.94%, and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of 60.54%. In @entity1 submitted to TUR, clinical stage was T2 in 36 cases (50%). The mean hospital stay was 7 days, with a readmission rate (RR) of 87.5%. OS and @entity5 was less than 20%. CONCLUSIONS: RC in octogenarian @entity1 is a safe procedure, with complication and survival rates comparable to RC series in general population. Transurethral resection (TUR) for @entity1 with MIBC within this age range is a much less morbid procedure, but disease specific survival is lower.

title: XXXX in the eighties: transurethral resection or cystectomy?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-specific survival', 'CSS']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['Invasive bladder cancer']


abstract: @entity298 ( @entity298 ) represent a major cause of morbidity in pediatric surgical @entity1 . The pathogenesis is still largely unknown. A possible role could be played by @entity5744 ( @entity5744 ) accidentally contaminating the operative field during surgery. We report a histologic study of @entity298 in a @entity35 model and in @entity1 , investigating the role of @entity5744 in their formation. @entity1661 were studied in 18 @entity35 . In 6 (group A) we performed a laparotomy and rubbed the visceral and parietal peritoneum with a @entity2708 bud. In 6 (group B) we performed a minimal laparotomy and injected powdered autologous and heterologous material into the peritoneal cavity, avoiding any peritoneal abrasions. In 6 (group C) we performed a laparotomy and applied both treatment methods, i.e., rubbing and injection of @entity5744 . After 1 month, at autopsy @entity35 were classified according to the presence and grade of surgical adhesions. Twenty-two @entity298 were also collected from seven @entity1 undergoing abdominal surgery in whom one or more procedures had been previously performed. The adhesions were stained with @entity1710 - @entity1711 and Giemsa stains for histologic examination. Adhesions were found in 4 @entity35 of group A and all 6 @entity35 of group C. None were identified in group B. Group C @entity35 showed a higher grade of adhesions with respect to group A. In both @entity1 and animals @entity298 were always found to coexist with microscopic particles of solid substances, which were incorporated inside the connective tissue. However, after simple injection of @entity5744 into the abdominal cavity we did not observe any @entity298 . These data suggest that two different stimuli are necessary for adhesion formation: a direct lesion of the mesothelial layers and a solid substrate ( @entity5744 ). We underline the importance of reducing contamination with @entity5744 during surgery. On the basis of these considerations, the laparoscopic approach seems to be particularly pertinent.

title: Histologic study of peritoneal adhesions in XXXX and in a @entity35 model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal adhesions']

entities_list: @entity5744 :: ('MESH:D005547', 'Disease') :: ['foreign bodies', 'FB']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['Peritoneal adhesions', 'PA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: @entity298 ( @entity298 ) represent a major cause of morbidity in pediatric surgical @entity1 . The pathogenesis is still largely unknown. A possible role could be played by @entity5744 ( @entity5744 ) accidentally contaminating the operative field during surgery. We report a histologic study of @entity298 in a @entity35 model and in @entity1 , investigating the role of @entity5744 in their formation. @entity1661 were studied in 18 @entity35 . In 6 (group A) we performed a laparotomy and rubbed the visceral and parietal peritoneum with a @entity2708 bud. In 6 (group B) we performed a minimal laparotomy and injected powdered autologous and heterologous material into the peritoneal cavity, avoiding any peritoneal abrasions. In 6 (group C) we performed a laparotomy and applied both treatment methods, i.e., rubbing and injection of @entity5744 . After 1 month, at autopsy @entity35 were classified according to the presence and grade of surgical adhesions. Twenty-two @entity298 were also collected from seven @entity1 undergoing abdominal surgery in whom one or more procedures had been previously performed. The adhesions were stained with @entity1710 - @entity1711 and Giemsa stains for histologic examination. Adhesions were found in 4 @entity35 of group A and all 6 @entity35 of group C. None were identified in group B. Group C @entity35 showed a higher grade of adhesions with respect to group A. In both @entity1 and animals @entity298 were always found to coexist with microscopic particles of solid substances, which were incorporated inside the connective tissue. However, after simple injection of @entity5744 into the abdominal cavity we did not observe any @entity298 . These data suggest that two different stimuli are necessary for adhesion formation: a direct lesion of the mesothelial layers and a solid substrate ( @entity5744 ). We underline the importance of reducing contamination with @entity5744 during surgery. On the basis of these considerations, the laparoscopic approach seems to be particularly pertinent.

title: Histologic study of peritoneal adhesions in @entity1 and in a XXXX model.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate CT findings of phytobezoar associated with @entity1744 . We evaluated abdominal CT of 19 @entity1 with phytobezoar. Abdominal CT of 6 @entity1 with small bowel feces was included for the comparison. On CT we analyzed morphological features of phytobezoars such as location, number, size, shape, and the presence or absence of an encapsulating wall. The sites of the phytobezoar were in the jejunum in 12 @entity1 (63%) and the ileum in 7 (37%). The phytobezoars were single in number in 13 @entity1 (68%) and multiple in 6 (32%). The mean short- and long-axis diameters of the phytobezoars measured 3.2 cm (range 2.1-5.2 cm) and 5.2 cm (range 2.2-11.0 cm), respectively. The phytobezoars were ovoid in 9 @entity1 , round in 6, and tubular in 4. On CT, phytobezoars appeared as gas-containing masses in 17 @entity1 (89%) and as a solid mass without gas in the remaining 2 @entity1 (11%). An encapsulating wall was noted in 6 @entity1 (32%). Small bowel feces were much more tubular in shape but did not have encapsulating wall on CT. The CT imaging is useful in making the diagnosis of phytobezoar associated with @entity1744 .

title: CT findings of phytobezoar associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['small bowel obstruction']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Genetic etiology in suggested in @entity438 . Such hypothesis is supported on familial aggregation, ocurrence in identical twins or associated to @entity74 like adult @entity8 . OBJECTIVE: To identify biological features in @entity439 different to sporadic ones. @entity1 AND METHODS: Camag ey province is one of the most ancient in Cuba. Motionless population at the beginning had its sources in Spanish and African @entity1 . It has 800,000 inhabitants. 497 @entity1 with @entity438 were operated at Manuel Ascunce Domenech Hospital between January 1982 and August 2001. We identified 15 families with @entity438 . RESULTS: 31 @entity1 were operated on of 42 intracranial sacs at the carotid territory. There were 34% of multiplicity ant three mirror @entity439 . Three @entity1 (9.7 %) have adult @entity8 . 87 % of @entity1 present @entity1756 and mortality was 32 %. This last figure was related to poor admission clinical grade. CONCLUSIONS: Frequency of @entity439 was 6.2% @entity1423 , @entity439 between twins associated with @entity74 , early age @entity397 , high frequency between @entity1 , posterior communicating and middle cerebral artery bifurcation preference, mirror @entity439 and high general mortality associated to massive @entity510 identified this clusters of @entity439 and would justify imaginological screening of high risk @entity1 before the @entity397 .

title: [Familial XXXX in Camag  ey].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic renal disease']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['Familial aggregation']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms rupture']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial bleeding']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'familial aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic diseases', 'genetic linked disease']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity911 is defined as the difficulty to find one s way in familiar surroundings. It can be due to an @entity2730 or agnostic like defect, which is known as topographic @entity2730 or @entity1054 . This disorder can give rise to disability in the life of the @entity1 and may well go undetected unless a suitable neuropsychological study is conducted. CASE REPORTS: We report the cases of two @entity1 with @entity1188 in the territory of the right posterior cerebral artery who began with @entity1805 and @entity911 . One of the cases was due to a @entity2414 and the other was caused by errors in @entity1054 . The battery of tests for studying @entity1054 VOSP was administered. CONCLUSIONS: @entity75 are often associated with @entity911 , especially when it is the right hemisphere that is injured. It is important to detect this alteration, which makes the @entity1 totally dependent on others even in his or her own home. The appearance of an @entity2730 or agnostic @entity911 can be related with @entity74 affecting one of the two systems that play a part in the processing of visual data. A guided neuropsychological study can provide us with a great deal of information about the @entity74 presented by the @entity1 .

title: [ @entity911 associated with XXXX in the territory of the right posterior cerebral artery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Occipital lesions']

entities_list: @entity2730 :: ('MESH:D000647', 'Disease') :: ['amnesia', 'amnesic']

entities_list: @entity1805 :: ('MESH:D006423', 'Disease') :: ['hemianopsia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['type disorientation', 'topographic disorientation', 'Topographic disorientation']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['type of disorder', 'a disorder']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['disorder affecting spatial memory']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['visuospatial perception', 'agnosia']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['infarction']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity911 is defined as the difficulty to find one s way in familiar surroundings. It can be due to an @entity2730 or agnostic like defect, which is known as topographic @entity2730 or @entity1054 . This disorder can give rise to disability in the life of the @entity1 and may well go undetected unless a suitable neuropsychological study is conducted. CASE REPORTS: We report the cases of two @entity1 with @entity1188 in the territory of the right posterior cerebral artery who began with @entity1805 and @entity911 . One of the cases was due to a @entity2414 and the other was caused by errors in @entity1054 . The battery of tests for studying @entity1054 VOSP was administered. CONCLUSIONS: @entity75 are often associated with @entity911 , especially when it is the right hemisphere that is injured. It is important to detect this alteration, which makes the @entity1 totally dependent on others even in his or her own home. The appearance of an @entity2730 or agnostic @entity911 can be related with @entity74 affecting one of the two systems that play a part in the processing of visual data. A guided neuropsychological study can provide us with a great deal of information about the @entity74 presented by the @entity1 .

title: [ XXXX associated with @entity1188 in the territory of the right posterior cerebral artery].

answer: @entity911 :: (MESH:D003221,Disease) :: ['Topographic disorientation']


abstract: Since July, 1999, a 66 year-old @entity1 had been complaining of dry cough. He noticed submandibular swelling, @entity1283 and @entity936 . Keratoconjuctivitis sicca was detected by an ophthalmologist. @entity244 was diagnosed based on microscopic findings of a labial salivary gland biopsy although anti- @entity6540 and anti- @entity6016 antibodies were negative. @entity4754 (IgG 3916 mg/dl) and @entity7491 were pointed out. Swelling of mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes was detected together with enlargement of salivary and lacrimal glands. We suspected the existence of @entity706 , but a biopsy of lacrimal glands showed only lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration and immunohistochemical analysis denied monoclonality of lymphoid line. An administration of @entity288 caused rapid diminution in size of lacrimal and submandibular glands and lymph nodes. Clinical symptoms were also improved, but IgA-M proteinemia remains. The characteristics of our case were enlargement of lacrimal glands, the negativity of anti @entity6540 and @entity6016 antibodies, atypical onset and @entity8352 . We discussed about these characteristics of @entity244 in our case.

title: [A case of XXXX with marked @entity1283 , atypical onset and @entity7491 ].

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['lacrimal gland enlargement']

entities_list: @entity7491 :: ('MESH:D017098', 'Disease') :: ['IgA-M-proteinemia']

entities_list: @entity4754 :: ('MESH:D006942', 'Disease') :: ['Hypergammaglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Sj  gren's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity8352 :: ('MESH:C566367', 'Disease') :: ['M-proteinemia']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity244 :: (MESH:D014899,Disease) :: ['Sj  gren's syndrome']


abstract: Since July, 1999, a 66 year-old @entity1 had been complaining of dry cough. He noticed submandibular swelling, @entity1283 and @entity936 . Keratoconjuctivitis sicca was detected by an ophthalmologist. @entity244 was diagnosed based on microscopic findings of a labial salivary gland biopsy although anti- @entity6540 and anti- @entity6016 antibodies were negative. @entity4754 (IgG 3916 mg/dl) and @entity7491 were pointed out. Swelling of mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes was detected together with enlargement of salivary and lacrimal glands. We suspected the existence of @entity706 , but a biopsy of lacrimal glands showed only lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration and immunohistochemical analysis denied monoclonality of lymphoid line. An administration of @entity288 caused rapid diminution in size of lacrimal and submandibular glands and lymph nodes. Clinical symptoms were also improved, but IgA-M proteinemia remains. The characteristics of our case were enlargement of lacrimal glands, the negativity of anti @entity6540 and @entity6016 antibodies, atypical onset and @entity8352 . We discussed about these characteristics of @entity244 in our case.

title: [A case of @entity244 with marked @entity1283 , atypical onset and XXXX ].

answer: @entity7491 :: (MESH:D017098,Disease) :: ['IgA-M-proteinemia']


abstract: Since July, 1999, a 66 year-old @entity1 had been complaining of dry cough. He noticed submandibular swelling, @entity1283 and @entity936 . Keratoconjuctivitis sicca was detected by an ophthalmologist. @entity244 was diagnosed based on microscopic findings of a labial salivary gland biopsy although anti- @entity6540 and anti- @entity6016 antibodies were negative. @entity4754 (IgG 3916 mg/dl) and @entity7491 were pointed out. Swelling of mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes was detected together with enlargement of salivary and lacrimal glands. We suspected the existence of @entity706 , but a biopsy of lacrimal glands showed only lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration and immunohistochemical analysis denied monoclonality of lymphoid line. An administration of @entity288 caused rapid diminution in size of lacrimal and submandibular glands and lymph nodes. Clinical symptoms were also improved, but IgA-M proteinemia remains. The characteristics of our case were enlargement of lacrimal glands, the negativity of anti @entity6540 and @entity6016 antibodies, atypical onset and @entity8352 . We discussed about these characteristics of @entity244 in our case.

title: [A case of @entity244 with marked XXXX , atypical onset and @entity7491 ].

answer: @entity1283 :: (MESH:D006332,Disease) :: ['lacrimal gland enlargement']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 undergoing surgical resection of medial frontal lesions may present transient @entity86 that remain largely unpredictable. OBJECTIVE: To relate the occurrence of this speech deficit to the specific surgical lesion of the supplementary motor area ( @entity11280 ) involved during language tasks using fMRI. METHODS: Twelve @entity1 were studied using a verbal fluency task before resection of a @entity11 of the medial frontal lobe and compared with six healthy subjects. Pre- and postoperative MR variables including the hemispheric dominance for language, the extent of @entity11280 removal, and the volume of resection were compared to the clinical outcome. RESULTS: Following surgery, 6 of 12 @entity1 presented @entity8408 . The deficit was similar across @entity1 , consisting of a global reduction in spontaneous speech, ranging from a complete mutism to a less severe speech reduction, which recovered within a few weeks or months. The occurrence of the deficit was related to the resection of the activation in the @entity11280 of the dominant hemisphere for language (p < 0.01). Increased activation in the @entity11280 of the healthy hemisphere on the preoperative fMRI was observed in @entity1 with @entity86 . CONCLUSIONS: fMRI is able to identify the area at risk in the @entity11280 , of which resection is related to the occurrence of characteristic transient @entity86 . Increased @entity11280 activation in the healthy hemisphere suggested that a plastic change of @entity11280 function occurred in these @entity1 .

title: XXXX after medial frontal surgery: role of the supplementary motor area.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['low-grade glioma']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative speech deficit', 'postoperative speech disorders']

entities_list: @entity8408 :: ('MESH:D013064', 'Disease') :: ['speech disorders']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['Postoperative speech disorder']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We studied the effects of robotic-assisted locomotor (LOKOMAT) training or an anti-spastic medication ( @entity21819 ) on @entity4094 associated with @entity508 in @entity1 with incomplete @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). Subjects were randomly divided to three groups: Lok, Tiz, and Cont. LOKOMAT training was performed 3 days/week for 4 weeks, with up to 45 minutes of training per session. @entity21819 (2mg) was administered (4\day), for 4 weeks. Subjects in Cont group received no intervention. The @entity1 were evaluated before and after 4 weeks of training, and the effects of training on the intrinsic (muscular) and reflexive components of the neuromuscular properties were quantified over the ankle range-of-motion. A parallel-cascade system identification technique was used to determine the reflex and intrinsic stiffness of the ankle joint as a function of ankle position at each time point. The intercept and slope of the stiffness vs. joint angle curve were then calculated and tracked over the four-week period. The number of subjects that achieved the @entity1987 ( @entity1987 ) for the intercepts and slopes, and levels of changes were compared. Both Lokomat and @entity21819 resulted in significant reduction in both intercept and slope of reflex and intrinsic stiffness. However, a higher proportion of subjects in Lok group achieved the @entity1987 for the reflex (>90%) and intrinsic (65-78%) parameters compared with Tiz group (up to 63% and 25% for reflex and intrinsic parameters, respectively). The levels of reduction were also higher in the Lok than the Tiz group. No one in the Cont group achieved the @entity1987 . Our findings demonstrate that LOKOMAT training can be more efficient in modifying @entity4094 associated with @entity508 than @entity21819 .

title: Comparison between the therapeutic effects of robotic-assisted locomotor training and an anti-spastic medication on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular abnormalities', 'neuromuscular abnormality']

entities_list: @entity1987 :: ('MESH:D009402', 'Disease') :: ['minimally important difference', 'MID']

entities_list: @entity21819 :: ('MESH:C023754', 'Chemical') :: ['Tizanidine', 'tizanidine']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Cord Injury', 'SCI']

answer: @entity508 :: (MESH:D009128,Disease) :: ['spasticity']


abstract: The genetic mechanisms underlying the developmental and functional specification of brainstem projection neurons are poorly understood. Here, we use transgenic @entity19 tools to investigate the role of the gene @entity27331 in the developmental patterning of vestibular projection neurons, with particular focus on the lateral vestibulospinal tract (LVST). The LVST is the principal pathway that conveys vestibular information to limb-related spinal motor circuits and arose early during vertebrate evolution. We show that the segmental hindbrain expression domain uniquely defined by the rhombomere 4 (r4) @entity27331 enhancer is the origin of essentially all LVST neurons, but also gives rise to subpopulations of contralateral medial vestibulospinal tract (cMVST) neurons, vestibulo-ocular neurons, and @entity528 . In newborn @entity19 homozygous for a @entity27331 -null mutation, the r4-derived LVST and cMVST subpopulations fail to form and the r4-derived RS neurons are depleted. Several general motor skills appear unimpaired, but hindlimb vestibulospinal reflexes, which are mediated by the LVST, are greatly reduced. This functional deficit recovers, however, during the second postnatal week, indicating a substantial compensation for the missing LVST. Despite the compensatory plasticity in balance, adult @entity27331 -null @entity19 exhibit other behavioral deficits that manifest particularly in proprioception and interlimb coordination during locomotor tasks. Our results provide a comprehensive account of the developmental role of @entity27331 in patterning the vestibular system and evidence for a remarkable developmental plasticity in the descending control of reflex limb movements. They also suggest an involvement of the lateral vestibulospinal tract in proprioception and in ensuring limb alternation generated by locomotor circuitry.

title: Loss of Projections, Functional Compensation, and Residual Deficits in the Mammalian Vestibulospinal System of Hoxb1-Deficient XXXX (1,2,3).

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['reticulospinal (RS) neurons']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: As nonfatal firearm-related injuries continue to increase, calculating the financial cost these injuries have on an urban @entity130 center may help justify funding for intervention programs. The impact these injuries have on orthopedic resident education may lead to changes in the training of some urban-based programs. This is a retrospective review of @entity1 with an acute firearm-related injury from 2007 to 2013 at Louisiana State University Interim Public Hospital in New Orleans, Louisiana. All @entity1 with a diagnosis of an acute gunshot wound on presentation to the emergency department were included in the study. @entity1 with complications from a previous gunshot wound or treatment of that wound were excluded. A total of 3617 @entity1 encounters were identified that met this criteria. The total amount billed by the hospital over the study period was  141,995,682 while collecting  30,922,953. The actual hospital costs from these encounters was  73,572,892, giving the hospital a loss of  42,649,938. Of the 3617 @entity1 encounters, 59% required orthopedic consultation. Of that consultation group, 25% required inpatient orthopedic surgical intervention. Acute gunshot wounds accounted for 23% of orthopedic @entity130 consultations and 13% of the orthopedic daily census. The financial data provide justification from an economic perspective for funding intervention programs aimed at decreasing firearm-related injury. In addition, the proportion of orthopedic surgical training spent on firearm-related injury provides program directors of urban-based programs with valuable information, although no conclusions can be drawn as to the effect on orthopedic surgical education. [Orthopedics. 2016; 39(1):e57-e61.].

title: Economic and Educational Impact of Firearm-Related Injury on an Urban XXXX Center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity241 ( @entity241 ) is a rare @entity242 for which data on risk factors, incidence, and survival are limited. OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to establish a comprehensive report on the incidence of and survival from primary @entity241 . METHODS: The authors used data from the 18 registries of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program from 2000 to 2010. RESULTS: Overall incidence was 4.1 per million @entity1 -years and steady over the decade. Trunk was the most common anatomic site except in older @entity1 . Incidence among @entity1 was 1.14 times higher than @entity1 (95% confidence interval [CI] of rate ratio: 1.07-1.22). Incidence among blacks was almost 2 times the rate among whites (95% CI of rate ratio: 1.8-2.1). Ten-year relative survival of @entity241 was 99.1% (95% CI: 97.6-99.7). Increased age, male sex, black race, and anatomic location of the limbs and head as compared with the trunk were associated with higher all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION: This is the largest population-based study of @entity241 derived from a cohort of almost 7,000 @entity1 . The epidemiologic profile of @entity241 differs from most @entity1489 . Incidence is stable and highest among @entity1 and blacks. Worse survival is associated with increased age, male sex, black race, and anatomic location of the limbs and head.

title: Incidence and Survival of Primary XXXX in the United States.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity241 :: ('MESH:D018223', 'Disease') :: ['Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans', 'DFSP']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous sarcoma']

answer: @entity241 :: (MESH:D018223,Disease) :: ['Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). Therapeutic practices have evolved over the past 15 years, but effects on @entity166 of @entity1252 are unknown. We evaluated trends in hospitalizations for severe and @entity1292 in a population-based @entity1252 study. METHODS: Data derive from the 2000 to 2011 United States National Inpatient Sample, including individuals who met a validated administrative definition of @entity1252 . Primary outcomes were diagnoses of @entity2259 , @entity55 , opportunistic @entity364 , @entity2803 , or @entity10592 ( @entity10592 ). We used Poisson regression to determine whether infection rates were changing in @entity1252 hospitalizations and used predictive marginals to generate annual adjusted rates of specific infections. RESULTS: We identified 361,337 @entity1252 hospitalizations from 2000 to 2011 meeting study inclusion criteria. Compared to non- @entity1252 hospitalizations, @entity1252 @entity1 were younger (51 vs. 62 years), predominantly female (89% vs. 54%), and more likely to be racial/ethnic minorities. @entity1252 diagnosis was significantly associated with all measured severe and @entity1292 . From 2000 to 2011, adjusted @entity1252 hospitalization rates for herpes zoster increased more than non- @entity1252 rates: 54 to 79 per 10,000 @entity1252 hospitalizations compared with 24 to 29 per 10,000 non- @entity1252 hospitalizations. Conversely, @entity1252 hospitalizations for @entity10592 disproportionately decreased: 5.1 to 2.5 per 10,000 @entity1252 hospitalizations compared with 0.9 to 1.3 per 10,000 non- @entity1252 hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity1 with @entity1252 , herpes zoster hospitalizations are rising while @entity10592 hospitalizations are declining. These trends likely reflect evolving @entity1252 treatment strategies. Further research is needed to identify @entity1 at greatest risk for @entity166 .

title: National Lupus Hospitalization Trends Reveal Rising Rates of Herpes Zoster and Declines in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus']

entities_list: @entity10592 :: ('MESH:D011020', 'Disease') :: ['pneumocystis pneumonia', 'PCP']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection, herpes zoster']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infections']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complications']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity10592 :: (MESH:D011020,Disease) :: ['Pneumocystis Pneumonia']