abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the outcome after adjuvant @entity1161 with standard fractionation regimen in metastatic @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) from @entity320 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 86 successive @entity1 (57 @entity1 ) were treated for locally advanced @entity320 in our institution. 60 @entity1 (69%) underwent @entity1600 dissection followed by @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ), while 26 @entity1 (31%) had no radiotherapy. RESULTS: The median number of resected @entity1600 was 12 (1 to 36) with 2 metastases (1 to 28). Median survival after the first relapse was 31.8 months. Extracapsular extension was a significant prognostic factor for regional control (p = 0.019). Median total dose was 50 Gy (30 to 70 Gy). A standard fractionation regimen was used (2 Gy/fraction). Median number of fractions was 25 (10 to 44 fractions). @entity1 were treated with five fractions/week. @entity1 with extracapsular extension treated with surgery followed by @entity1161 (total dose >= 50 Gy) had a better regional control than @entity1 treated by surgery followed by @entity1161 with a total dose <50 Gy (80% vs. 35% at 5-year follow-up; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant radiotherapy was able to increase regional control in targeted sub-population ( @entity1600 with extracapsular extension).

title: Adjuvant XXXX in metastatic @entity1600 from @entity320 .

answer: @entity1161 :: (MESH:D011832,Disease) :: ['radiation therapy']


abstract: Efficacy and safety of @entity5646 , a monobactam antibiotic developed by E.R. Squibb _ Sons, Inc. U.S.A., in complicated @entity293 ( @entity293 ) were studied. @entity5646 was administered to 15 @entity1 with complicated @entity293 admitted to our Hospitals between July, 1984 and January, 1985. A two-gram dose of @entity5646 was administered twice a day intravenously or intraductally for 5 days consecutively. There were 11 evaluable cases in accordance with the @entity293 Drug Efficacy Evaluation Standard (the second issue). Overall clinical effect of these cases were "excellent" in 6 cases, "good" in 2 cases and "poor" in 3 cases. All the effective cases ("excellent" and "good") were of single infections and all the non-effective cases ("poor") were of complicated infections. All of the gram-negative pathogens and 4 of the 8 gram-positive pathogens were eliminated. In no cases were side effects or significantly abnormal laboratory findings reported. Therefore, @entity5646 is very effective and safe for complicated @entity293 , especially gram-negative infections.

title: [Clinical evaluation of XXXX for complicated urinary tract infection].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5646 :: ('MESH:D001398', 'Chemical') :: ['Aztreonam']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections', 'UTI']

answer: @entity5646 :: (MESH:D001398,Chemical) :: ['aztreonam']


abstract: This report describes an @entity957 for which we suggest the name acute @entity189 . It is frequently larger than 2 cm and has a characteristic morphology with raised, rolled, vascular but not everted edges. Commonly there is a central crust covering a foul discharge on a papilliferous base. The biopsy is characteristically ambiguous but often that of a well differentiated @entity957 . Irrespective of the history, which is usually short, all @entity5 have a period of rapid growth. Among 193 @entity1 with @entity957 of the eyelids or external ear, 24 (12%) of the @entity5 were designated as being @entity697 . For the eyelids 15/125 (12%) @entity1 were in this group; 10 (67%) had @entity5 larger than 2 cm, five (33%) developed regional metastases, and three (20%) had @entity5 related @entity204 . Irradiation controlled the @entity5 in 15 (100%) @entity1 . Among the 68 ear @entity5 , nine (13%) were called @entity697 . Eight (89%) were larger than 2 cm, three (33%) developed regional metastases, and two (22%) @entity1 had @entity5 related @entity204 . Irradiation controlled the @entity5 in seven (78%) @entity1 . It is postulated that these @entity697 are virus induced @entity5 that develop in actinicly damaged and immunologically suppressed skin. Following treatment, careful follow-up is recommended because of their metastatic and lethal potential.

title: @entity697 --an XXXX .

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute epitheliomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'aggressive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin', 'squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['epithelioma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['aggressive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin']


abstract: This report describes an @entity957 for which we suggest the name acute @entity189 . It is frequently larger than 2 cm and has a characteristic morphology with raised, rolled, vascular but not everted edges. Commonly there is a central crust covering a foul discharge on a papilliferous base. The biopsy is characteristically ambiguous but often that of a well differentiated @entity957 . Irrespective of the history, which is usually short, all @entity5 have a period of rapid growth. Among 193 @entity1 with @entity957 of the eyelids or external ear, 24 (12%) of the @entity5 were designated as being @entity697 . For the eyelids 15/125 (12%) @entity1 were in this group; 10 (67%) had @entity5 larger than 2 cm, five (33%) developed regional metastases, and three (20%) had @entity5 related @entity204 . Irradiation controlled the @entity5 in 15 (100%) @entity1 . Among the 68 ear @entity5 , nine (13%) were called @entity697 . Eight (89%) were larger than 2 cm, three (33%) developed regional metastases, and two (22%) @entity1 had @entity5 related @entity204 . Irradiation controlled the @entity5 in seven (78%) @entity1 . It is postulated that these @entity697 are virus induced @entity5 that develop in actinicly damaged and immunologically suppressed skin. Following treatment, careful follow-up is recommended because of their metastatic and lethal potential.

title: XXXX --an @entity957 .

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['Acute epithelioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The social position of a husband or wife can influence the health status of the individual and his/her partner. Also, social position can change over time as a result of education, job, income, marriage and/or divorce. AIM: To examine the association of mobility by marriage based on educational discrepancy between spouses and risk of @entity65 ( @entity65 ) among Polish @entity1 and @entity1 of 40-50 years of age. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The sample included 394 married @entity1 and 453 married @entity1 of 40-50 years of age. All were residents of Wroc  aw located in southwestern Poland. Risk of @entity65 was assessed with the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). The sex-specific effect of social mobility on @entity65 risk (FRS) was tested by multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: Among Polish married @entity1 and @entity1 , social mobility by marriage had a significant association with risk of @entity65 . Downwardly mobile @entity1 and @entity1 had a higher risk of @entity65 , while upwardly mobile @entity1 and @entity1 had a lower risk of @entity65 compared with individuals from homogamous marriages. The sole exception to this trend was poorly educated @entity1 among whom marriage with a better educated wife did not affect @entity65 risk. CONCLUSION: Social mobility by marriage influences @entity65 risk. The results provide additional insights for studies examining socioeconomic differentials in @entity65 risk.

title: Social mobility by marriage and risk of XXXX among adults in Southwestern Poland.

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease', 'CVD']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Despite growing evidence that inhibition of a6b2-containing (a6b2*) nicotinic @entity934 receptors (nAChRs) may be beneficial for the therapy of @entity286 addiction, the lack of good sources of a6b2*-nAChRs has delayed the discovery of a6b2-selective antagonists. Our aim was to generate a cell line stably expressing functional nAChRs with a6b2 properties, to enable pharmacological characterization and the identification of novel a6b2-selective antagonists. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Different combinations of the a6, b2, b3, chimeric a6/3 and mutant b3( @entity72339 ) subunits were transfected in @entity1 embryonic kidney cells and tested for activity in a fluorescent imaging plate reader assay. The pharmacology of @entity35 immune-immobilized a6b2*-nAChRs was determined with        I- @entity26331 binding. KEY RESULTS: Functional channels were detected after co-transfection of a6/3, b2 and b3( @entity72339 ) subunits, while all other subunit combinations failed to produce agonist-induced responses. Stably expressed a6/3b2b3( @entity72339 )-nAChR pharmacology was unique, and clearly distinct from a4b2-, a3b4-, a7- and a1b1    -nAChRs. Antagonist potencies in inhibiting a6/3b2b3( @entity72339 ) -nAChRs was similar to their binding affinity for @entity35 native a6b2*-nAChRs. Agonist affinities for a6b2*-nAChRs was higher than their potency in activating a6/3b2b3( @entity72339 )-nAChRs, but their relative activities were equivalent. Focussed set screening at a6/3b2b3( @entity72339 )-nAChRs, followed by cross-screening with the other nAChRs, led to the identification of novel a6b2-selective antagonists. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We generated a @entity1 cell line stably expressing nAChRs, with pharmacological properties similar to native a6b2*-nAChRs, and used it to identify novel non-peptide, low molecular weight, a6b2-selective antagonists. We also propose a pharmacophore model of a6b2 antagonists, which offers a starting point for the development of new smoking cessation agents.

title: Stable expression and functional characterization of a @entity1 nicotinic XXXX receptor with a6b2 properties: discovery of selective antagonists.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity26331 :: ('MESH:C082748', 'Chemical') :: ['epibatidine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Despite growing evidence that inhibition of a6b2-containing (a6b2*) nicotinic @entity934 receptors (nAChRs) may be beneficial for the therapy of @entity286 addiction, the lack of good sources of a6b2*-nAChRs has delayed the discovery of a6b2-selective antagonists. Our aim was to generate a cell line stably expressing functional nAChRs with a6b2 properties, to enable pharmacological characterization and the identification of novel a6b2-selective antagonists. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Different combinations of the a6, b2, b3, chimeric a6/3 and mutant b3( @entity72339 ) subunits were transfected in @entity1 embryonic kidney cells and tested for activity in a fluorescent imaging plate reader assay. The pharmacology of @entity35 immune-immobilized a6b2*-nAChRs was determined with        I- @entity26331 binding. KEY RESULTS: Functional channels were detected after co-transfection of a6/3, b2 and b3( @entity72339 ) subunits, while all other subunit combinations failed to produce agonist-induced responses. Stably expressed a6/3b2b3( @entity72339 )-nAChR pharmacology was unique, and clearly distinct from a4b2-, a3b4-, a7- and a1b1    -nAChRs. Antagonist potencies in inhibiting a6/3b2b3( @entity72339 ) -nAChRs was similar to their binding affinity for @entity35 native a6b2*-nAChRs. Agonist affinities for a6b2*-nAChRs was higher than their potency in activating a6/3b2b3( @entity72339 )-nAChRs, but their relative activities were equivalent. Focussed set screening at a6/3b2b3( @entity72339 )-nAChRs, followed by cross-screening with the other nAChRs, led to the identification of novel a6b2-selective antagonists. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We generated a @entity1 cell line stably expressing nAChRs, with pharmacological properties similar to native a6b2*-nAChRs, and used it to identify novel non-peptide, low molecular weight, a6b2-selective antagonists. We also propose a pharmacophore model of a6b2 antagonists, which offers a starting point for the development of new smoking cessation agents.

title: Stable expression and functional characterization of a XXXX nicotinic @entity934 receptor with a6b2 properties: discovery of selective antagonists.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The current limitations of @entity734 ( @entity734 ) therapy were the topic of a discussion group meeting at the 5th European Congress on Epileptology, Madrid, 6-10 October 2002. This review contains four short papers covering the topics discussed by the speakers at this meeting and an account of the ensuing discussion with all @entity1 . The meeting focused on four issues. (i) Are mechanisms of action of AEDs useful to predict treatment outcome? The short answer to this question was no, for several reasons. These include the fact that clinically relevant mechanisms in individual @entity1 remain unclear, the treatment of @entity302 targets the symptoms rather than the cause of the disease, and that current @entity410 classification defines heterogeneous @entity1 populations. (ii) The benefits of the often recommended titration of the dose to the maximum tolerated level when @entity410 persist at average @entity734 doses. A re-evaluation of this practice showed that dose escalation achieves @entity410 freedom in only 1 of 4 @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity302 and only 1 of 10 @entity1 with @entity302 are likely to experience a greater than 50% reduction in @entity410 frequency. Being aware of the limited utility of maximum dose titration and subsequent dose reduction if no significant individual benefit is achieved avoids medical over-treatment with a worsening risk-benefit balance. (iii) When single drug therapy is not sufficiently effective, adding a second drug or alternative monotherapy are common options. Based on published data, there is no conclusive evidence in favour of either alternative monotherapy or second-line polytherapy. A pragmatic choice may be to evaluate the combination and then attempt to withdraw the first drug in the case of success. This may prevent the substitution of a partially efficacious drug by a non-efficacious drug. The choice of the second drug should, in theory, be based on which first drug has failed but again compelling evidence to support specific recommendations is lacking. (iv) Unexpected worsening of @entity410 may occur in many circumstances and has many causes, including tolerance and adverse pharmacodynamic effects of individual AEDs on @entity410 generating mechanisms. @entity1 are usually aware of aggravation and may express a "dislike" for a particular @entity734 as a warning sign for physicians to modify the medication. The availability of numerous AEDs, particularly with single mechanisms of action, has increased the risk of paradoxical effects that may go undetected in clinical trials and only surface during astute clinical observations.

title: Current limitations of XXXX therapy: a conference review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['antiepileptic drug', 'AED']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['antiepileptic drug']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Comorbidity, disability, and polypharmacy commonly complicate the care of @entity1 with @entity712 . These factors can change biological response to therapy, reduce @entity1 ability to adhere to recommendations, and alter @entity1 preference for treatment and outcome. Yet, a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of @entity1 with @entity712 is lacking. Our objective was to assess trends in demographics, comorbidity, physical function, and medication use in a nationally representative, community-based @entity712 population. METHODS: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we analyzed trends across 3 survey periods (1988-1994, 1999-2002, 2003-2008). RESULTS: We identified 1395 @entity1 with self-reported @entity712 (n=581 in 1988-1994, n=280 in 1999-2002, n=534 in 2003-2008). The proportion of @entity1 with @entity712 who were >= 80 years old increased from 13.3% in 1988-1994 to 22.4% in 2003-2008 (P <.01). The proportion of @entity1 with @entity712 who had 5 or more comorbid chronic conditions increased from 42.1% to 58.0% (P <.01). The mean number of prescription medications increased from 4.1 to 6.4 prescriptions (P <.01). The prevalence of disability did not increase but was substantial across all years. CONCLUSION: The phenotype of @entity1 with @entity712 changed substantially over the last 2 decades. Most notably, more recent @entity1 have a higher percentage of very old individuals, and the number of comorbidities and medications increased markedly. Functional disability is prevalent, although it has not changed. These changes suggest a need for new research and practice strategies that accommodate the increasing complexity of this population.

title: Trends in comorbidity, disability, and polypharmacy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: We have quantitated @entity669 protein kinase (TPK) activity in particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity1 leukemic cells. Slowly proliferating cells from @entity1 with @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) had levels of TPK similar to those of quiescent normal lymphocytes. Cells from @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ), @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) contained markedly lower levels of TPK activity, similar to the levels in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated (proliferating) normal lymphocytes and in bone marrow cells. This suggested that TPK is part of a mechanism for transducing growth signals and is down-regulated following signal transmission. We also identified endogenous substrates for TPK in leukemic cells. Particulate fractions from @entity981 , @entity1072 and @entity3052 cells contained substrates identical to those previously detected in normal lymphocytes. In particular, a 38kD substrate thought to be involved in early stages of growth signal transduction in normal lymphocytes was found in all samples of these groups examined. Cytosolic fractions from these groups of @entity1778 cells contained higher molecular weight substrates not found in resting or proliferating normal lymphocytes or bone marrow cells. In contrast, TPK substrates in both particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity1860 cells resembled those of normal bone marrow cells in that only proteins with molecular weight below 40kD were labelled on @entity669 . We conclude that leukemic cells do not contain higher levels of TPK than do normal hemopoietic cells. Qualitative differences in TPK species or in their substrates may result in aberrant regulation of proliferation in leukemic cells. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that additional TPK substrates detected in leukemic cells were a feature of the normal equivalent hematopoietic cells from which the @entity1778 cells were derived.

title: XXXX protein kinases and their substrates in @entity1 @entity1778 cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CGL', 'chronic granulocytic leukemia']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['Tyrosine']


abstract: We have quantitated @entity669 protein kinase (TPK) activity in particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity1 leukemic cells. Slowly proliferating cells from @entity1 with @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) had levels of TPK similar to those of quiescent normal lymphocytes. Cells from @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ), @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) contained markedly lower levels of TPK activity, similar to the levels in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated (proliferating) normal lymphocytes and in bone marrow cells. This suggested that TPK is part of a mechanism for transducing growth signals and is down-regulated following signal transmission. We also identified endogenous substrates for TPK in leukemic cells. Particulate fractions from @entity981 , @entity1072 and @entity3052 cells contained substrates identical to those previously detected in normal lymphocytes. In particular, a 38kD substrate thought to be involved in early stages of growth signal transduction in normal lymphocytes was found in all samples of these groups examined. Cytosolic fractions from these groups of @entity1778 cells contained higher molecular weight substrates not found in resting or proliferating normal lymphocytes or bone marrow cells. In contrast, TPK substrates in both particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity1860 cells resembled those of normal bone marrow cells in that only proteins with molecular weight below 40kD were labelled on @entity669 . We conclude that leukemic cells do not contain higher levels of TPK than do normal hemopoietic cells. Qualitative differences in TPK species or in their substrates may result in aberrant regulation of proliferation in leukemic cells. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that additional TPK substrates detected in leukemic cells were a feature of the normal equivalent hematopoietic cells from which the @entity1778 cells were derived.

title: @entity669 protein kinases and their substrates in @entity1 XXXX cells.

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: We have quantitated @entity669 protein kinase (TPK) activity in particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity1 leukemic cells. Slowly proliferating cells from @entity1 with @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) had levels of TPK similar to those of quiescent normal lymphocytes. Cells from @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ), @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) contained markedly lower levels of TPK activity, similar to the levels in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated (proliferating) normal lymphocytes and in bone marrow cells. This suggested that TPK is part of a mechanism for transducing growth signals and is down-regulated following signal transmission. We also identified endogenous substrates for TPK in leukemic cells. Particulate fractions from @entity981 , @entity1072 and @entity3052 cells contained substrates identical to those previously detected in normal lymphocytes. In particular, a 38kD substrate thought to be involved in early stages of growth signal transduction in normal lymphocytes was found in all samples of these groups examined. Cytosolic fractions from these groups of @entity1778 cells contained higher molecular weight substrates not found in resting or proliferating normal lymphocytes or bone marrow cells. In contrast, TPK substrates in both particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity1860 cells resembled those of normal bone marrow cells in that only proteins with molecular weight below 40kD were labelled on @entity669 . We conclude that leukemic cells do not contain higher levels of TPK than do normal hemopoietic cells. Qualitative differences in TPK species or in their substrates may result in aberrant regulation of proliferation in leukemic cells. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that additional TPK substrates detected in leukemic cells were a feature of the normal equivalent hematopoietic cells from which the @entity1778 cells were derived.

title: @entity669 protein kinases and their substrates in XXXX @entity1778 cells.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity4786 1 is an @entity74 with an estimated incidence 1:2500 to 1:3000 live newborns. The disease presents with multiple cutaneous and non cutaneous lesions. @entity1265 occurs with equal frequency in males and females and has been identified in all ethnic group. The morbidity and the mortality caused by @entity1265 are the result of complications that may involve any of the body systems. This disease has been linked with mutations of the @entity1265 gene which encodes @entity5 suppressor neurofibromin. At least half of @entity1 with @entity1265 will have only cutaneous involvement that is not considered to be a major medical problem, even though it can be a source of psychologic burden as a result of cosmetic disfigurement. The cardinal features of the disorder are caf  -au-lait spots, axillary freckling, cutaneous @entity3292 and Lisch nodules, but there are a lot of wide variety of complications affecting almost every system of the body, including the eyes ( @entity5150 ), the nervous system ( @entity5 ), the skeleton ( @entity851 , @entity1635 ), the endocrine and cardiovascular system ( @entity101 ). Manifestations of @entity1265 vary at different times in an individual's life. Substantial variability exists among affected members of a single family. This variability confounds clinical management and the severity of the disease cannot be predicted. We present a case in young @entity1 24 years-old treated by reiterative plastic surgery.

title: [Morpho-functional iterative surgery in a XXXX with von Recklinghausen disease].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intracranial tumors']

entities_list: @entity3292 :: ('MESH:D009455', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromas']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity5150 :: ('MESH:D020339', 'Disease') :: ['optic glioma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disease']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['Neurofibromatosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This research addresses the following questions: what is the prevalence and severity of @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ) during an extended period of time in @entity1 with @entity161 and @entity162 with @entity716 ? Are the specific @entity1109 listed in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 DSM, Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A for @entity161 diagnosis (a voice keeping a running commentary or voices conversing) more prevalent and severe in @entity1 with @entity161 than @entity162 with @entity716 ? Lastly, do @entity1109 at index hospitalization in @entity1 with @entity161 predict the absence of later recovery? METHODS: This research follows a sample of @entity1 with @entity914 who were evaluated at index hospitalization and then prospectively followed-up at 6 evaluations during next 20 years (n = 86). All @entity1 were evaluated as part of a prospective research study designed to measure multiple factors of phenomenology, severity of @entity221 , @entity221 , prognosis, and global outcome. RESULTS: First-rank symptoms are not exclusive to @entity161 ; they also occur in some @entity162 @entity1 . However, they are more frequent and more severe in @entity1 with @entity161 than @entity162 . @entity161 @entity1 with @entity1109 during the acute phase are more likely to have poorer long-term outcome than @entity161 @entity1 who do not have @entity1109 during the acute phase. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate @entity1109 at the acute phase are not a clinicopathologic correlate specific to @entity161 . However, the presence and severity of any @entity1109 and specifically of the 2 @entity1109 associated with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A are more prevalent and more severe in @entity1 with @entity161 than @entity1 with @entity162 .

title: Diagnostic and prognostic significance of Schneiderian @entity1109 : a 20-year longitudinal study of @entity161 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'bipolar']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['first-rank symptoms', 'FRS']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['course of illness', 'illness']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This research addresses the following questions: what is the prevalence and severity of @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ) during an extended period of time in @entity1 with @entity161 and @entity162 with @entity716 ? Are the specific @entity1109 listed in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 DSM, Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A for @entity161 diagnosis (a voice keeping a running commentary or voices conversing) more prevalent and severe in @entity1 with @entity161 than @entity162 with @entity716 ? Lastly, do @entity1109 at index hospitalization in @entity1 with @entity161 predict the absence of later recovery? METHODS: This research follows a sample of @entity1 with @entity914 who were evaluated at index hospitalization and then prospectively followed-up at 6 evaluations during next 20 years (n = 86). All @entity1 were evaluated as part of a prospective research study designed to measure multiple factors of phenomenology, severity of @entity221 , @entity221 , prognosis, and global outcome. RESULTS: First-rank symptoms are not exclusive to @entity161 ; they also occur in some @entity162 @entity1 . However, they are more frequent and more severe in @entity1 with @entity161 than @entity162 . @entity161 @entity1 with @entity1109 during the acute phase are more likely to have poorer long-term outcome than @entity161 @entity1 who do not have @entity1109 during the acute phase. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate @entity1109 at the acute phase are not a clinicopathologic correlate specific to @entity161 . However, the presence and severity of any @entity1109 and specifically of the 2 @entity1109 associated with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A are more prevalent and more severe in @entity1 with @entity161 than @entity1 with @entity162 .

title: Diagnostic and prognostic significance of Schneiderian XXXX : a 20-year longitudinal study of @entity161 and @entity162 .

answer: @entity1109 :: (MESH:D012678,Disease) :: ['first-rank symptoms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This research addresses the following questions: what is the prevalence and severity of @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ) during an extended period of time in @entity1 with @entity161 and @entity162 with @entity716 ? Are the specific @entity1109 listed in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 DSM, Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A for @entity161 diagnosis (a voice keeping a running commentary or voices conversing) more prevalent and severe in @entity1 with @entity161 than @entity162 with @entity716 ? Lastly, do @entity1109 at index hospitalization in @entity1 with @entity161 predict the absence of later recovery? METHODS: This research follows a sample of @entity1 with @entity914 who were evaluated at index hospitalization and then prospectively followed-up at 6 evaluations during next 20 years (n = 86). All @entity1 were evaluated as part of a prospective research study designed to measure multiple factors of phenomenology, severity of @entity221 , @entity221 , prognosis, and global outcome. RESULTS: First-rank symptoms are not exclusive to @entity161 ; they also occur in some @entity162 @entity1 . However, they are more frequent and more severe in @entity1 with @entity161 than @entity162 . @entity161 @entity1 with @entity1109 during the acute phase are more likely to have poorer long-term outcome than @entity161 @entity1 who do not have @entity1109 during the acute phase. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate @entity1109 at the acute phase are not a clinicopathologic correlate specific to @entity161 . However, the presence and severity of any @entity1109 and specifically of the 2 @entity1109 associated with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A are more prevalent and more severe in @entity1 with @entity161 than @entity1 with @entity162 .

title: Diagnostic and prognostic significance of Schneiderian @entity1109 : a 20-year longitudinal study of XXXX and @entity162 .

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: Urovysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (UVFISH) identifies malignant cells in urine by detecting specific @entity189 -related @entity2008 . Some @entity703 ( @entity703 ) share overlapping chromosomal aberrations with @entity189 . Malignant renal cells that are shed in urine can potentially cause a positive UVFISH result. We evaluated UVFISH in @entity703 to determine its potential applicability to the diagnosis and grading of @entity703 . @entity982 blocks from 39 @entity703 (25 clear cell, 9 papillary, 2 chromophobe, and 3 sarcomatoid) and 15 controls (5 renal @entity1637 and 10 @entity189 ) were tested. Of the @entity703 , 15 (40%) were UVFISH-positive (9/25 [40%] clear cell, 3/9 [30%] papillary, 1/2 [50%] chromophobe, and 2/3 [67%] @entity189 ) and 24 (60%) were negative. Of the 15 controls, 8 (   50%) were UVFISH-positive (2/5 [40%] @entity1637 and 6/10 [60%] @entity189 ) and 7 (   50%) were UVFISH-negative. Polysomy of chromosome 17 showed a statistically significant correlation with @entity1358 subtype, being absent in most of the clear cell @entity703 (P = .0096) compared with other @entity703 . Polysomy of chromosome 7 was more frequent in high-grade than low-grade @entity1358 (P = .0197) and more likely in high-grade clear cell than low-grade clear cell @entity1358 (P = .0120). In conclusion, we showed that @entity1358 has overlapping @entity2008 with @entity189 and can cause a positive UVFISH result. This has implications for the interpretation of Urovysion in @entity1 whose urine contains malignant cells but who have negative cystoscopy and a concomitant renal mass. The @entity2008 observed in @entity1358 are not distinct from those in @entity189 ; therefore, UVFISH cannot distinguish these @entity5 types, nor can it type or grade @entity1358 .

title: @entity2008 in XXXX variants detected by Urovysion fluorescence in situ hybridization on paraffin-embedded tissue.

entities_list: @entity1637 :: ('MESH:D018249', 'Disease') :: ['oncocytomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomatoid carcinoma', 'urothelial carcinoma', 'urothelial carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['RCCs', 'renal carcinomas']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Urovysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (UVFISH) identifies malignant cells in urine by detecting specific @entity189 -related @entity2008 . Some @entity703 ( @entity703 ) share overlapping chromosomal aberrations with @entity189 . Malignant renal cells that are shed in urine can potentially cause a positive UVFISH result. We evaluated UVFISH in @entity703 to determine its potential applicability to the diagnosis and grading of @entity703 . @entity982 blocks from 39 @entity703 (25 clear cell, 9 papillary, 2 chromophobe, and 3 sarcomatoid) and 15 controls (5 renal @entity1637 and 10 @entity189 ) were tested. Of the @entity703 , 15 (40%) were UVFISH-positive (9/25 [40%] clear cell, 3/9 [30%] papillary, 1/2 [50%] chromophobe, and 2/3 [67%] @entity189 ) and 24 (60%) were negative. Of the 15 controls, 8 (   50%) were UVFISH-positive (2/5 [40%] @entity1637 and 6/10 [60%] @entity189 ) and 7 (   50%) were UVFISH-negative. Polysomy of chromosome 17 showed a statistically significant correlation with @entity1358 subtype, being absent in most of the clear cell @entity703 (P = .0096) compared with other @entity703 . Polysomy of chromosome 7 was more frequent in high-grade than low-grade @entity1358 (P = .0197) and more likely in high-grade clear cell than low-grade clear cell @entity1358 (P = .0120). In conclusion, we showed that @entity1358 has overlapping @entity2008 with @entity189 and can cause a positive UVFISH result. This has implications for the interpretation of Urovysion in @entity1 whose urine contains malignant cells but who have negative cystoscopy and a concomitant renal mass. The @entity2008 observed in @entity1358 are not distinct from those in @entity189 ; therefore, UVFISH cannot distinguish these @entity5 types, nor can it type or grade @entity1358 .

title: XXXX in @entity1358 variants detected by Urovysion fluorescence in situ hybridization on paraffin-embedded tissue.

answer: @entity2008 :: (MESH:D002869,Disease) :: ['Chromosomal abnormalities']


abstract: PURPOSE: Localized @entity3123 is rarely resectable and is resistant to conventional therapies. @entity18886 ( @entity18886 ) is an E1B-55kD gene-deleted replication-selective adenovirus that preferentially replicates in and kills malignant cells. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has the potential to conveniently and accurately deliver local therapy to the pancreas. Therefore, we undertook a trial of the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of EUS injection of @entity18886 into unresectable @entity3123 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Twenty-one @entity1 with locally advanced @entity420 or with @entity3 , but minimal or absent liver metastases, underwent eight sessions of @entity18886 delivered by EUS injection into the primary @entity788 over 8 weeks. The final four treatments were given in combination with @entity136 (i.v., 1,000 mg/m(2)). @entity1 received 2 x 10(10) (n = 3) or 2 x 10(11) (n = 18) virus particles/treatment. RESULTS: After combination therapy, 2 @entity1 had partial regressions of the injected @entity5 , 2 had minor responses, 6 had stable disease, and 11 had progressive disease or had to go off study because of treatment @entity137 . No clinical @entity788 occurred despite mild, transient elevations in lipase in a minority of @entity1 . Two @entity1 had @entity295 before the institution of prophylactic oral antibiotics. Two @entity1 had duodenal perforations from the @entity2003 . No perforations occurred after the protocol was changed to transgastic injections only. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that @entity18886 injection via EUS into @entity3123 by the transgastic route with prophylactic antibiotics is feasible and generally well tolerated either alone or in combination with @entity136 . Transgastric EUS-guided injection is a new and practical method of delivering biological agents to @entity788 .

title: A phase I/II trial of intratumoral endoscopic ultrasound injection of @entity18886 with intravenous @entity136 in unresectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinomas', 'pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic tumors', 'pancreatitis', 'pancreatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid endoscope tip']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity3123 :: (MESH:C562463,Disease) :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Localized @entity3123 is rarely resectable and is resistant to conventional therapies. @entity18886 ( @entity18886 ) is an E1B-55kD gene-deleted replication-selective adenovirus that preferentially replicates in and kills malignant cells. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has the potential to conveniently and accurately deliver local therapy to the pancreas. Therefore, we undertook a trial of the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of EUS injection of @entity18886 into unresectable @entity3123 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Twenty-one @entity1 with locally advanced @entity420 or with @entity3 , but minimal or absent liver metastases, underwent eight sessions of @entity18886 delivered by EUS injection into the primary @entity788 over 8 weeks. The final four treatments were given in combination with @entity136 (i.v., 1,000 mg/m(2)). @entity1 received 2 x 10(10) (n = 3) or 2 x 10(11) (n = 18) virus particles/treatment. RESULTS: After combination therapy, 2 @entity1 had partial regressions of the injected @entity5 , 2 had minor responses, 6 had stable disease, and 11 had progressive disease or had to go off study because of treatment @entity137 . No clinical @entity788 occurred despite mild, transient elevations in lipase in a minority of @entity1 . Two @entity1 had @entity295 before the institution of prophylactic oral antibiotics. Two @entity1 had duodenal perforations from the @entity2003 . No perforations occurred after the protocol was changed to transgastic injections only. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that @entity18886 injection via EUS into @entity3123 by the transgastic route with prophylactic antibiotics is feasible and generally well tolerated either alone or in combination with @entity136 . Transgastric EUS-guided injection is a new and practical method of delivering biological agents to @entity788 .

title: A phase I/II trial of intratumoral endoscopic ultrasound injection of XXXX with intravenous @entity136 in unresectable @entity3123 .

answer: @entity18886 :: (MESH:C464532,Chemical) :: ['ONYX-015']


abstract: PURPOSE: Localized @entity3123 is rarely resectable and is resistant to conventional therapies. @entity18886 ( @entity18886 ) is an E1B-55kD gene-deleted replication-selective adenovirus that preferentially replicates in and kills malignant cells. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has the potential to conveniently and accurately deliver local therapy to the pancreas. Therefore, we undertook a trial of the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of EUS injection of @entity18886 into unresectable @entity3123 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Twenty-one @entity1 with locally advanced @entity420 or with @entity3 , but minimal or absent liver metastases, underwent eight sessions of @entity18886 delivered by EUS injection into the primary @entity788 over 8 weeks. The final four treatments were given in combination with @entity136 (i.v., 1,000 mg/m(2)). @entity1 received 2 x 10(10) (n = 3) or 2 x 10(11) (n = 18) virus particles/treatment. RESULTS: After combination therapy, 2 @entity1 had partial regressions of the injected @entity5 , 2 had minor responses, 6 had stable disease, and 11 had progressive disease or had to go off study because of treatment @entity137 . No clinical @entity788 occurred despite mild, transient elevations in lipase in a minority of @entity1 . Two @entity1 had @entity295 before the institution of prophylactic oral antibiotics. Two @entity1 had duodenal perforations from the @entity2003 . No perforations occurred after the protocol was changed to transgastic injections only. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that @entity18886 injection via EUS into @entity3123 by the transgastic route with prophylactic antibiotics is feasible and generally well tolerated either alone or in combination with @entity136 . Transgastric EUS-guided injection is a new and practical method of delivering biological agents to @entity788 .

title: A phase I/II trial of intratumoral endoscopic ultrasound injection of @entity18886 with intravenous XXXX in unresectable @entity3123 .

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: Natural killer cell (NK) activity, together with various nonspecific immunologic parameters, was measured preoperatively, and its changes induced by operative stress were examined in @entity356 @entity1 . Effect of administration of a nonspecific immunopotentiator, @entity1012 , was evaluated by postoperative changes in NK activity. Peripheral blood NK activity was measured by 51Cr-release assay against K-562 target cells. It was found that NK activity in the @entity356 @entity1 was significantly lower than that in healthy subjects. The reduction was specially marked in the cases of @entity5 at stages I and IV. NK activity in the cases with hepatic or peritoneal @entity3 was significantly lower than that in the cases without such @entity3 . NK activity in the cases of noncurative gastric resection or non-resection was significantly lower than that in the cases of curative gastric resection. NK activity in the cases of stage IV and "por" in histology was significantly lower than that in the cases of stage IV and "tub1" in histology. In the cases at stages I + II, there was a positive correlation between NK activity and IgG FcR(+) T cell ratio. There was a negative correlation between NK activity and alpha 2-globulin ratio and the correlation was especially significant in the cases at stages III + IV. In the cases at stages III + IV, receiving administration of @entity1012 only postoperatively, NK activity was significantly reduced or tended to be reduced at 1 through 4 week(s) postoperatively, while such a reduction was not seen in the cases receiving administration of @entity1012 pre- and postoperatively. This phenomenon was more marked in the cases showing a serum albumin level lower than 3.5 g/dl or in the cases undergoing operations longer than 4 hours in duration.

title: [Observation on natural killer cell activity in XXXX @entity1 and effect of nonspecific immunopotentiator administration on its postoperative reduction].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: Natural killer cell (NK) activity, together with various nonspecific immunologic parameters, was measured preoperatively, and its changes induced by operative stress were examined in @entity356 @entity1 . Effect of administration of a nonspecific immunopotentiator, @entity1012 , was evaluated by postoperative changes in NK activity. Peripheral blood NK activity was measured by 51Cr-release assay against K-562 target cells. It was found that NK activity in the @entity356 @entity1 was significantly lower than that in healthy subjects. The reduction was specially marked in the cases of @entity5 at stages I and IV. NK activity in the cases with hepatic or peritoneal @entity3 was significantly lower than that in the cases without such @entity3 . NK activity in the cases of noncurative gastric resection or non-resection was significantly lower than that in the cases of curative gastric resection. NK activity in the cases of stage IV and "por" in histology was significantly lower than that in the cases of stage IV and "tub1" in histology. In the cases at stages I + II, there was a positive correlation between NK activity and IgG FcR(+) T cell ratio. There was a negative correlation between NK activity and alpha 2-globulin ratio and the correlation was especially significant in the cases at stages III + IV. In the cases at stages III + IV, receiving administration of @entity1012 only postoperatively, NK activity was significantly reduced or tended to be reduced at 1 through 4 week(s) postoperatively, while such a reduction was not seen in the cases receiving administration of @entity1012 pre- and postoperatively. This phenomenon was more marked in the cases showing a serum albumin level lower than 3.5 g/dl or in the cases undergoing operations longer than 4 hours in duration.

title: [Observation on natural killer cell activity in @entity356 XXXX and effect of nonspecific immunopotentiator administration on its postoperative reduction].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 with @entity17539 , and 3 or more histopathologically proven unilateral metastatic inguinal nodes, and/or extranodal extension, and/or pelvic @entity3 are considered a subgroup with prognostically unfavorable parameters for disease specific @entity204 and local recurrence after inguinal lymphadenectomy. We established radiographic criteria for the preoperative identification of such @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preoperative diagnostic computerized tomography studies of 30 @entity1 with @entity17539 with proven unilateral or bilateral lymph node @entity3 were reviewed independently by 2 radiologists blinded for @entity1 data. All computerized tomography images were analyzed per side (60). Several radiographic criteria were assessed for regional lymph nodes with short-axis diameter 8 mm or greater and/or central @entity39 . Sides were characterized as high risk if histopathology revealed 3 or more metastatic inguinal nodes and/or extranodal extension and/or pelvic nodal involvement. RESULTS: Histopathological nodal involvement was found in 38 sides (63%) including 22 sides (37%) defined as high risk. The presence of central @entity39 and/or irregular nodal border of the regional lymph nodes on the preoperative computerized tomography identified the high risk subgroup with a sensitivity of 95% (21 of 22) and a specificity of 82% (31 of 38). All 7 sides falsely designated as high risk harbored inguinal metastases but they were classified as low risk. The interobserver agreement of each radiographic parameter was almost perfect. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of central @entity39 and/or an irregular nodal border of the regional lymph nodes on preoperative computerized tomography images are accurate and reproducible criteria to identify high risk pathological node positive @entity5 . These criteria can be used for risk stratification and @entity1 counseling.

title: Identification of high risk pathological node positive XXXX : value of preoperative computerized tomography imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['nodal necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['penile cancer']

entities_list: @entity17539 :: ('MESH:D010412', 'Disease') :: ['penile carcinoma']

answer: @entity17539 :: (MESH:D010412,Disease) :: ['penile carcinoma']


abstract: From 25th April 2009 to 20th January 2010, 771 laboratory confirmed cases of 2009 pandemic @entity683 (H1N1) were admitted to intensive care units (ICU) or hospitalized in medical wards with clinical criteria of severe disease (hospitalized pneumonias, multiorganic failure, @entity326 or admitted to ICU or @entity204 while hospitalized). 82% of cases were hospitalized between epidemiological week 43 and 48 (25th October - 5th December 2009). Median age of @entity1 was 40 years (range 0-89 years) and 56% were males. 38.7% cases were in the 15-44 year age-group, 29.4% in the 45-64 and 21.8% were @entity1 under 15 years of age. 36.8% were admitted to an ICU and 48 died. Underlying conditions were absent in 29% of @entity1 (up to 38% among those under 15 years old). Differences in the prevalence of underlying conditions were found between @entity1 and adults. In @entity1 less than 15 years old, @entity565 (16.2%), other @entity1576 (12.7%), @entity73 (10.2%), @entity302 (8.7%) and @entity4094 (7.1%) were the most frequent. In adults, @entity1030 (14.8%), @entity65 (12.6%), @entity565 (11.5%), @entity6 (11.2%) and morbid @entity28 (10.6%) were the most frequent. Further surveillance is needed to better characterize the epidemiology of this pandemic.

title: Epidemiological analysis of severe hospitalized 2009 pandemic XXXX (H1N1) cases in Catalonia, Spain.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['neuromuscular disorders']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive disorders']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza A']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity384 , dissection and @entity397 are major clinical problems in @entity1614 ( @entity1614 ). Although b-blockers remain the standard of preventive treatment, preliminary results from animal studies and a selected group of severely affected @entity1614 @entity1 show significant benefit from treatment with @entity9886 , an @entity2178 receptor blocker with @entity2533 inhibiting potential. Large-scale @entity1 trials are now needed to confirm these results. This trial aims to evaluate the combined effect of both drugs. METHODS: We are conducting a prospective randomized placebo controlled double blind phase III study aiming to include 174 @entity1614 @entity1 (age >=  10 years and z-score >=  2). @entity1 already taking b-blockers are randomized for weight-adjusted treatment with @entity9886 versus placebo. The primary endpoint is decrease in aortic root growth rate. Secondary endpoints are aortic dissection/surgery, progression of aortic/ @entity339 , @entity432 , left ventricular systolic/diastolic function, quality of life and genetic modifiers. Echocardiography, vascular echo-Doppler and quality of life assessment will be performed at baseline and at 6-monthly follow-ups for 3 years. MRI evaluation will be performed at baseline and at the end of the trial. CONCLUSION: This trial will study new therapeutic strategies for the prevention of serious @entity65 in @entity1614 . The uniqueness in our trial is that the additive effect of @entity9886 and b-blocker will be evaluated in a large spectrum of disease severity. A combination of ultrasound and MRI will allow detailed evaluation of anatomic and functional properties of the aorta and left ventricle.

title: The Ghent Marfan Trial--a randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial with XXXX in Marfan @entity1 treated with b-blockers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic root dilation']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ['MFS', 'Marfan syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial stiffness']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

answer: @entity9886 :: (MESH:D019808,Chemical) :: ['losartan']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity384 , dissection and @entity397 are major clinical problems in @entity1614 ( @entity1614 ). Although b-blockers remain the standard of preventive treatment, preliminary results from animal studies and a selected group of severely affected @entity1614 @entity1 show significant benefit from treatment with @entity9886 , an @entity2178 receptor blocker with @entity2533 inhibiting potential. Large-scale @entity1 trials are now needed to confirm these results. This trial aims to evaluate the combined effect of both drugs. METHODS: We are conducting a prospective randomized placebo controlled double blind phase III study aiming to include 174 @entity1614 @entity1 (age >=  10 years and z-score >=  2). @entity1 already taking b-blockers are randomized for weight-adjusted treatment with @entity9886 versus placebo. The primary endpoint is decrease in aortic root growth rate. Secondary endpoints are aortic dissection/surgery, progression of aortic/ @entity339 , @entity432 , left ventricular systolic/diastolic function, quality of life and genetic modifiers. Echocardiography, vascular echo-Doppler and quality of life assessment will be performed at baseline and at 6-monthly follow-ups for 3 years. MRI evaluation will be performed at baseline and at the end of the trial. CONCLUSION: This trial will study new therapeutic strategies for the prevention of serious @entity65 in @entity1614 . The uniqueness in our trial is that the additive effect of @entity9886 and b-blocker will be evaluated in a large spectrum of disease severity. A combination of ultrasound and MRI will allow detailed evaluation of anatomic and functional properties of the aorta and left ventricle.

title: The Ghent Marfan Trial--a randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial with @entity9886 in Marfan XXXX treated with b-blockers.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Ten Japanese @entity1 aged 1.5-17years with medication-resistant @entity302 were placed on the modified Atkins diet (MAD) for 3weeks during admission to our hospital. Dietary @entity1735 was restricted to 10g per day. We studied the efficacy of the diet regarding the @entity410 frequency and tolerability of the diet at the end of the 3weeks on the diet. Those who decided to continue the MAD at the time of discharge were followed up in the out- @entity1 clinic to observe the effect of the diet on the @entity410 frequency. Three of the 10 @entity1 could not continue the diet during the 3-week admission; one had @entity1964 and the other 2 disliked the diet. Among the remaining 7 @entity1 who could continue the diet for 3weeks, 3 achieved the @entity410 reduction; 2 became @entity410 -free and 1 showed about 75% reduction in the @entity410 frequency within 10days on the diet. All of these 3 @entity1 continued the diet after the 3-week admission. The other 4 @entity1 did not show a reduction of the @entity410 frequency by the end of the 3weeks on the diet. Two of them discontinued the diet on discharge. The remaining 2 still continued the diet at home and one became @entity410 -free 3months after the start of the diet. In total, 4 of 10 @entity1 achieved>75% reduction in the @entity410 frequency, although relapse occurred in 2 of the @entity1 , at 5months and 2years after @entity410 reduction, respectively. The MAD was effective and well-tolerated in @entity1 with medication-resistant @entity302 in Japan.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of modified Atkins diet in Japanese @entity1 with medication-resistant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1964 :: ('MESH:D004760', 'Disease') :: ['rotavirus enterocolitis']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: Ten Japanese @entity1 aged 1.5-17years with medication-resistant @entity302 were placed on the modified Atkins diet (MAD) for 3weeks during admission to our hospital. Dietary @entity1735 was restricted to 10g per day. We studied the efficacy of the diet regarding the @entity410 frequency and tolerability of the diet at the end of the 3weeks on the diet. Those who decided to continue the MAD at the time of discharge were followed up in the out- @entity1 clinic to observe the effect of the diet on the @entity410 frequency. Three of the 10 @entity1 could not continue the diet during the 3-week admission; one had @entity1964 and the other 2 disliked the diet. Among the remaining 7 @entity1 who could continue the diet for 3weeks, 3 achieved the @entity410 reduction; 2 became @entity410 -free and 1 showed about 75% reduction in the @entity410 frequency within 10days on the diet. All of these 3 @entity1 continued the diet after the 3-week admission. The other 4 @entity1 did not show a reduction of the @entity410 frequency by the end of the 3weeks on the diet. Two of them discontinued the diet on discharge. The remaining 2 still continued the diet at home and one became @entity410 -free 3months after the start of the diet. In total, 4 of 10 @entity1 achieved>75% reduction in the @entity410 frequency, although relapse occurred in 2 of the @entity1 , at 5months and 2years after @entity410 reduction, respectively. The MAD was effective and well-tolerated in @entity1 with medication-resistant @entity302 in Japan.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of modified Atkins diet in Japanese XXXX with medication-resistant @entity302 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The physiological and pathophysiological importance of endogenous @entity3957 to @entity65 has been recognized in recent years. The signaling mechanisms underlying the multifaceted vascular effects of @entity3958 , on the contrary, have been unclear. This article reviews recent literature on cellular and molecular events triggered or modulated by @entity3958 in the vascular system over the period of 2009-2010. RECENT FINDINGS: @entity3958 causes protein S-sulfhydration. The activation of @entity855 -sensitive K channels (KATP channels) by @entity3958 likely occurs as the result of specific @entity462 residues of KATP channel proteins being S-sulfhydrated. Produced in endothelial cells and inducing smooth muscle hyperpolarization, @entity3958 appears to functioning as an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. The inhibition of phosphodiesterases by endogenous @entity3958 is an additional exciting discovery, which offers answers for the differential vascular effects of this gasotransmitter due to the tissue-specific distribution of different isozymes of phosphodiesterases. Furthermore, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells have opposite growth responses to @entity3958 stimulation, involving the same sets of signaling molecules. SUMMARY: An array of signaling pathways in vascular tissues is enlisted by endogenous @entity3958 . An insightful understanding of these signaling mechanisms would help elucidate the pathogenesis of selective @entity65 and develop related therapeutic interventions by targeting @entity3958 metabolism.

title: Signaling pathways for the vascular effects of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity3957 :: ('MESH:D006862', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen sulfide']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular health', 'cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity3957 :: (MESH:D006862,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen sulfide']


abstract: @entity1637 is a histologically distinctive @entity703 , with a well-recognized cytoarchitectural appearance. On occasion, however, @entity8880 are known to exhibit unusual morphologic features that may pose diagnostic difficulties. We present the clinical and pathologic details of an @entity8 with an unusual histologic appearance imparted by the presence of large numbers of prominent intracytoplasmic lumens. Morphologically, the @entity5 was composed of uniform polygonal cells with copious amounts of granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm, round nuclei, and prominent nucleoli, exhibiting an organoid pattern of growth. Intracytoplasmic lumina of varying size were present throughout the @entity5 . There were no mitotic figures or areas of @entity39 present. The diagnosis of @entity1637 was supported by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. By electron microscopy, the intracytoplasmic lumens appeared as membrane bound spaces with associated microvilli. The presence of intracytoplasmic lumina in a significant proportion of cells is an uncommon feature of @entity8880 which can generate problems in diagnosis. Awareness of this phenomenon should allow for improved recognition of @entity1637 exhibiting this type of unusual morphology.

title: XXXX prominent intracytoplasmic lumina.

entities_list: @entity8880 :: ('MESH:C537750', 'Disease') :: ['renal oncocytomas', 'renal oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['oncocytoma of the kidney']

entities_list: @entity1637 :: ('MESH:D018249', 'Disease') :: ['oncocytoma', 'oncocytomas', 'Oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm of the kidney']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Oncocytoma of the kidney with']


abstract: PURPOSE: We describe a new technique of endoscopic antireflux surgery. The principle of the procedure is to make a reliable muscular backing and elongate the intramural ureter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed this new endoscopic surgery in 8 female @entity1 in whom 4, 1, 8 and 1 refluxing ureters (total 14) were diagnosed with grades I to IV reflux, respectively. The operation consists of 3 steps. Two 5 mm. locking trocars are placed into the bladder. Irrigation is done with 3% @entity37157 solution and the bladder wall is incised upward along each side of the ureter using a resectoscope to make a 2 to 3 cm. U-shaped bladder flap, including the ureter. Under pneumobladder the incised muscle is sutured to make a muscular bed with a needle holder via the urethra and forceps via the abdominal trocar. The U flap is fixed with 2 distal anchor sutures on the embedded muscular layer and 4 additional sutures are placed to approximate the mucosa of the U-shaped flap and bladder. RESULTS: Mean operative time was 245 minutes. @entity1901 occurred in 2 @entity1 . A Foley catheter remained indwelling for 3 to 5 days (mean 4.1). Reflux resolved in 12 of the 14 ureters (86%) 12 months postoperatively. @entity3025 persisted in 1 case because of insufficient fixation and recurred in 1 because of ureterovesical @entity292 . The @entity1 were satisfied with better cosmesis and minimal postoperative discomfort. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that procedure is feasible for female @entity1 with primary @entity3025 .

title: A new endoscopic ureteral reimplantation for primary XXXX (endoscopic trigonoplasty II).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1901 :: ('MESH:D014515', 'Disease') :: ['Ureteral injury']

entities_list: @entity3025 :: ('MESH:D014718', 'Disease') :: ['vesicoureteral reflux', 'Vesicoureteral reflux']

entities_list: @entity37157 :: ('CHEBI:17924', 'Chemical') :: ['D-sorbitol']

answer: @entity3025 :: (MESH:D014718,Disease) :: ['vesicoureteral reflux']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA) are essential in @entity5 development and invasion. The close association between @entity3818 ( @entity3818 ) and @entity694 ( @entity694 ) has been previously reported. miRNA  -7  ( @entity12333 ) inhibits the translation of @entity3818 protein. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the underlying molecular mechanism of @entity12333 in @entity1 @entity694 cell lines, to provide a novel therapeutic biomarker of @entity694 in the future. The present study detected the expression of @entity12333  in  60  @entity694 tissues by reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). The association between the expression of @entity12333 and clinical pathological factors was analyzed. Overexpression/underexpression of @entity12333  were established by transfecting miR  -7mimics/inhibitors into HCT  -8 and Caco  -2  cells. The transfected @entity694 cell lines were used in cell viability and scratching assays. The regulation of @entity3818 by @entity12333 was analyzed by western blotting and RT  -qPCR. It was demonstrated that the expression of @entity12333 negatively correlated with @entity1600 and @entity5 node @entity3 staging in @entity694 (P<0.05). Inhibition of @entity12333 led to an accelerated ability of proliferation and migration in @entity694 cell lines. Additionally, overexpression of @entity12333 inhibited the proliferation and migration of @entity694 cells. In addition, it was also observed that @entity12333 regulated the proliferation and migration of @entity694 by regulating the protein expression of @entity3818 , therefore, regulating the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1495 . @entity12333 inhibited the proliferation and migration of @entity694 cells by regulating @entity3818 . These findings suggested that @entity12333 may be a novel therapeutic target for @entity694 .

title: MicroRNA  -7 suppresses @entity1 @entity694 invasion and proliferation by targeting the expression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1476 :: ('4313', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)  -2']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3818 :: ('5747', 'Gene') :: ['FAK', 'focal adhesion kinase']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer', 'CC']

answer: @entity3818 :: (5747,Gene) :: ['focal adhesion kinase']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA) are essential in @entity5 development and invasion. The close association between @entity3818 ( @entity3818 ) and @entity694 ( @entity694 ) has been previously reported. miRNA  -7  ( @entity12333 ) inhibits the translation of @entity3818 protein. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the underlying molecular mechanism of @entity12333 in @entity1 @entity694 cell lines, to provide a novel therapeutic biomarker of @entity694 in the future. The present study detected the expression of @entity12333  in  60  @entity694 tissues by reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). The association between the expression of @entity12333 and clinical pathological factors was analyzed. Overexpression/underexpression of @entity12333  were established by transfecting miR  -7mimics/inhibitors into HCT  -8 and Caco  -2  cells. The transfected @entity694 cell lines were used in cell viability and scratching assays. The regulation of @entity3818 by @entity12333 was analyzed by western blotting and RT  -qPCR. It was demonstrated that the expression of @entity12333 negatively correlated with @entity1600 and @entity5 node @entity3 staging in @entity694 (P<0.05). Inhibition of @entity12333 led to an accelerated ability of proliferation and migration in @entity694 cell lines. Additionally, overexpression of @entity12333 inhibited the proliferation and migration of @entity694 cells. In addition, it was also observed that @entity12333 regulated the proliferation and migration of @entity694 by regulating the protein expression of @entity3818 , therefore, regulating the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1495 . @entity12333 inhibited the proliferation and migration of @entity694 cells by regulating @entity3818 . These findings suggested that @entity12333 may be a novel therapeutic target for @entity694 .

title: MicroRNA  -7 suppresses @entity1 XXXX invasion and proliferation by targeting the expression of @entity3818 .

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA) are essential in @entity5 development and invasion. The close association between @entity3818 ( @entity3818 ) and @entity694 ( @entity694 ) has been previously reported. miRNA  -7  ( @entity12333 ) inhibits the translation of @entity3818 protein. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the underlying molecular mechanism of @entity12333 in @entity1 @entity694 cell lines, to provide a novel therapeutic biomarker of @entity694 in the future. The present study detected the expression of @entity12333  in  60  @entity694 tissues by reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). The association between the expression of @entity12333 and clinical pathological factors was analyzed. Overexpression/underexpression of @entity12333  were established by transfecting miR  -7mimics/inhibitors into HCT  -8 and Caco  -2  cells. The transfected @entity694 cell lines were used in cell viability and scratching assays. The regulation of @entity3818 by @entity12333 was analyzed by western blotting and RT  -qPCR. It was demonstrated that the expression of @entity12333 negatively correlated with @entity1600 and @entity5 node @entity3 staging in @entity694 (P<0.05). Inhibition of @entity12333 led to an accelerated ability of proliferation and migration in @entity694 cell lines. Additionally, overexpression of @entity12333 inhibited the proliferation and migration of @entity694 cells. In addition, it was also observed that @entity12333 regulated the proliferation and migration of @entity694 by regulating the protein expression of @entity3818 , therefore, regulating the expression of @entity1476 and @entity1495 . @entity12333 inhibited the proliferation and migration of @entity694 cells by regulating @entity3818 . These findings suggested that @entity12333 may be a novel therapeutic target for @entity694 .

title: MicroRNA  -7 suppresses XXXX @entity694 invasion and proliferation by targeting the expression of @entity3818 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: We compared the efficiency, side effects and effects on spermatogenesis of sclerotherapy with @entity3971 and surgical treatment for hydrocele. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 67 @entity1 (80 hydroceles) were randomly divided into 2 groups of 40 hydroceles each. One group underwent @entity3971 sclerotherapy and the other underwent hydrocelectomy. Spermiograms were done before, 6 and 12 months after treatment in @entity1 able to ejaculate. RESULTS: In the sclerotherapy group 47.5%, 30%, 12.5%, 5% and 2.5% of the hydroceles were cured with 1 to 5 injections, respectively, but 2.5% were not cured even with 6 injections. There were no complaints of @entity158 or @entity281 in these cases. All @entity1 returned to normal activity on the same day. In the hydrocelectomy group 97.5% and 2.5% of hydroceles were cured with 1 and 2 operations, respectively. There was @entity158 postoperatively in 73.5% of the @entity1 and @entity281 in 5%, while 62.5% required an average of 4.5 days of rest and were absent from work for 10 days. There was no significant statistical alteration in spermatozoid concentration in the preoperative, and 6 and 12-month postoperative counts in the groups (p = 0.385). CONCLUSIONS: Sclerotherapy for hydrocele with @entity3971 is as efficacious as hydrocelectomy, while causing less morbidity and similar effects on spermatogenesis.

title: Comparative study of sclerotherapy with XXXX and surgical treatment for hydrocele.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'localized infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['localized pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity3971 :: (MESH:D019800,Chemical) :: ['phenol']


abstract: PURPOSE: The use of continent urinary reservoirs has gained wide acceptance, particularly in urinary reconstruction in @entity1 with a small capacity or @entity1973 . When augmentation cystoplasty is combined with clean intermittent catheterization, @entity1 are often able to achieve continence with low intravesical filling pressures and renal preservation. Often this approach requires fashioning a continent cutaneous stoma, which remains the most challenging aspect of continent urinary reservoirs. We analyzed our experience with continent diversion in @entity1 with exstrophy- @entity7890 to determine complications and long-term results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective database review of 704 cases of exstrophy- @entity7890 . Medical records were then used to identify those @entity1 who had undergone creation of a continent urinary reservoir. Charts were reviewed to determine initial diagnosis, augmentation technique, continence mechanism, age, preoperative and postoperative bladder capacity, continence status and complications. RESULTS: Of the 91 @entity1 identified (68 male, 23 female) who had undergone continent urinary diversion classic @entity1494 was present in 80, @entity7891 in 8, complete @entity3930 in 2 and @entity7890 in 1. The most common techniques for augmentation and continent diversion were ileocystoplasty (41 @entity1 [45%]) and sigmoid cystoplasty (30 [33%]), respectively. Appendix was used in 67 @entity1 (74%) and variants of the Mitrofanoff procedure using segments of tapered ileum or ureter were used to create a continent stoma in 10 (11%). Bladder neck transection was performed in 59 @entity1 (65%). Mean age at augmentation and continent diversion was 8 years (range 2 to 25), with a mean preoperative bladder capacity of 77 cc (15 to 220). Mean followup was 6 years (range 6 months to 12 years). Of the 91 @entity1 85 (93%) were continent with clean intermittent catheterization per stoma. Of these 85 @entity1 13 required anticholinergics and alpha-agonists to achieve continence. Six @entity1 (7%) were incontinent after the procedure. Analysis of bladder capacity measurements after augmentation and continent diversion revealed that mean postoperative volume and mean volume increase were 404 cc (range 250 to 640) and 524%, respectively. The most common complications were @entity3226 formation (24 @entity1 [26%]) and stomal stenosis (21 [23%]). @entity3226 recurred in 9 @entity1 and stomal stenosis in 3. Other less common complications were vesicourethral fistula (3 @entity1 ) and a small bladder perforation (2). CONCLUSION: Augmentation and continent diversion procedures can increase the functional capacity of the small contracted noncompliant exstrophic bladder, and allow the vast majority of @entity1 to achieve continence and preserve renal function. @entity3226 and stomal stenosis pose the most significant long-term complications in these @entity1 .

title: Continent urinary diversion and the exstrophy- XXXX complex.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3930 :: ('MESH:D005834', 'Disease') :: ['male epispadias']

entities_list: @entity3226 :: ('MESH:D001744', 'Disease') :: ['Bladder stones', 'bladder stone', 'Bladder calculi']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder exstrophy']

entities_list: @entity1973 :: ('MESH:D001750', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic bladder']

entities_list: @entity7891 :: ('MESH:D001746', 'Disease') :: ['cloacal exstrophy']

entities_list: @entity7890 :: ('MESH:D004842', 'Disease') :: ['epispadias', 'female epispadias']

answer: @entity7890 :: (MESH:D004842,Disease) :: ['epispadias']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis (HSP) or @entity48408 is a heterogeneous @entity179 of the spinal cord. It is genetically transmitted and characterized by a progressive @entity425 , @entity508 of the lower limbs and @entity1017 . There is no specific pharmacological treatment. The pharmacological therapy decreases the muscle tone and prevents stiffening). Physiotherapy restrains the progression of @entity2057 , delays contraction of the tendons and gives greater mobility to @entity1 affected by the disease. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of the combined treatment Fkt and Btx-A in @entity1 with HSP. Retrospective study was conducted recruiting ten @entity1 with @entity508 according to Asworth modified scale of at least 2 and with gait deficit. They received treatment for 5 years with incobotulinumtoxinA and physiokinesiotherapy for addressing @entity508 in the lower limbs. We evaluated muscle tone with miometric measurement both at the first visit (T0), and at subsequent ones (T1 after 30 days, T2 after 3 months from the first infiltration, T3 after 4 months up to the date of the following infiltration, T4 after 5 months). Baropodometric examination has proven essential for the study of the distribution of loads in statics and dynamics. The data analysis regarding tone assessment through measurements with Myoton highlighted hypertonus reduction in all the three muscle groups examined at T1 and the maintenance of constant values up to 5 months after the first infiltration. It also showed an increase in the percentage of back foot loading in both feet up to T4 (new inoculation, p<0, 05%). Baropodometric examination in dynamics (in particular the speed of the step) showed a gradual increase in this parameter which reaches a peak at 5 months (p<0, 05%) and then declines again in conjunction with the next infiltration treatment. This study showed the benefit of combined treatment with Btx and Fkt. The use of a local muscle relaxant drug with a physical targeted exercise guarantees better mobility of the treated segments, reducing tendon retractions as much as possible, and guarantees an adequate postural alignment. Baropodometric examination highlights a more advantageous distribution load, quite essential for avoiding @entity924 due to overload. Our data observation in the 5 years study shows how the curve relative to the speed of step and the graphics related to the variations of muscle tone remain almost constant with detectable improvement.

title: Combined Treatment Fkt-Botulinum Toxin Type A (Btx-A) in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendinitis']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['awkward gain']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disease']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity48408 :: ('MESH:C536864', 'Disease') :: ['Strumpell-Lorrain disease']

answer: @entity48408 :: (MESH:C536864,Disease) :: ['Strumpell-Lorrain Disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis (HSP) or @entity48408 is a heterogeneous @entity179 of the spinal cord. It is genetically transmitted and characterized by a progressive @entity425 , @entity508 of the lower limbs and @entity1017 . There is no specific pharmacological treatment. The pharmacological therapy decreases the muscle tone and prevents stiffening). Physiotherapy restrains the progression of @entity2057 , delays contraction of the tendons and gives greater mobility to @entity1 affected by the disease. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of the combined treatment Fkt and Btx-A in @entity1 with HSP. Retrospective study was conducted recruiting ten @entity1 with @entity508 according to Asworth modified scale of at least 2 and with gait deficit. They received treatment for 5 years with incobotulinumtoxinA and physiokinesiotherapy for addressing @entity508 in the lower limbs. We evaluated muscle tone with miometric measurement both at the first visit (T0), and at subsequent ones (T1 after 30 days, T2 after 3 months from the first infiltration, T3 after 4 months up to the date of the following infiltration, T4 after 5 months). Baropodometric examination has proven essential for the study of the distribution of loads in statics and dynamics. The data analysis regarding tone assessment through measurements with Myoton highlighted hypertonus reduction in all the three muscle groups examined at T1 and the maintenance of constant values up to 5 months after the first infiltration. It also showed an increase in the percentage of back foot loading in both feet up to T4 (new inoculation, p<0, 05%). Baropodometric examination in dynamics (in particular the speed of the step) showed a gradual increase in this parameter which reaches a peak at 5 months (p<0, 05%) and then declines again in conjunction with the next infiltration treatment. This study showed the benefit of combined treatment with Btx and Fkt. The use of a local muscle relaxant drug with a physical targeted exercise guarantees better mobility of the treated segments, reducing tendon retractions as much as possible, and guarantees an adequate postural alignment. Baropodometric examination highlights a more advantageous distribution load, quite essential for avoiding @entity924 due to overload. Our data observation in the 5 years study shows how the curve relative to the speed of step and the graphics related to the variations of muscle tone remain almost constant with detectable improvement.

title: Combined Treatment Fkt-Botulinum Toxin Type A (Btx-A) in XXXX with @entity48408 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to characterize quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in our multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) scanner with regard to the influence of the QCT phantom on dose and the influence of varying mA and CIRS phantom size on bone mineral density (BMD) measurements. We accomplish this by scanning a commercially available QCT phantom and a corresponding quality assurance phantom. To assess the feasibility of having the QCT phantom in place while @entity1 are being scanned, we measured radiation dose difference in a CT body phantom with and without the QCT phantom on the CT table and also, with and without the use of dose modulation programs. We also analyzed reconstructed QCT phantom images with the manufacturer's software to measure BMD. Although @entity1 characteristics may be different, leading to different mA values, the influence of the QCT phantom on the dose to @entity1 was minimal when compared with doses measured without the phantom in place. Average BMD measurements were not significantly affected by varying mA, for a fixed-size phantom. The average BMD exhibited a weak dependence on computerized imaging reference systems (CIRS) torso phantom size, with a propensity for decreasing BMD with increasing size. Measurement precision was unaffected by varying CIRS size. Having the ability to measure bone density as part of the routine management of @entity5 @entity1 , with no added cost, time, or radiation dose, will allow for the prospective evaluation of bone mineral changes. We believe that this ability will facilitate the detection of abnormal @entity604 and will lead to better management of this loss and, thus, reduce the complications and associated morbidity in these @entity5 survivors.

title: Assessing the clinical utility of quantitative computed tomography with a routinely used diagnostic computed tomography scanner in a XXXX center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Isolated accounts of neoplastic pouch transformation suggest the need to perform routine ileoanal pouch surveillance with biopsy. These reports imply a model of @entity1141 to @entity5 . More recent reports studying "high risk" @entity31 @entity1 concluded that the development of @entity2418 is indeed a rare event. This study was designed to evaluate our institutional incidence of @entity1141 in ileoanal pouch during long-term follow-up. METHODS: A prospective database of all @entity1 undergoing ileoanal pouch construction (n = 767) was queried for all @entity1 undergoing pouch biopsy between 1983 and 2001. All @entity1 with @entity31 who underwent pouch biopsy were included. This excluded @entity1 with @entity30 , indeterminate @entity1960 , and @entity1412 . Pathology reports were reviewed for histologic evidence of @entity32 , atypia, @entity4648 , @entity1141 , or @entity5 . @entity1 age at biopsy, pouch age at time of biopsy, and pathology were analyzed. RESULTS: The @entity2418 of 160 @entity1 were surveyed with biopsies a total of 222 times. The average length of follow-up from pouch construction to time of surveillance and biopsy was 8.4 +/- 4.6 years. There were 83 @entity1 (52 percent) whose pouches were older than 10 years (mean, 12.7 +/- 2) at time of surveillance. With over 1,800 pouch-years of surveillance, only 1 @entity1 had focal, low-grade @entity1141 in the pouch. This @entity1 demonstrated no evidence of @entity1141 on further surveillance. CONCLUSION: Even with long-term follow-up of ileoanal pouch @entity1 , there is little evidence to support routine biopsy of the ileal mucosa in @entity31 @entity1 .

title: Is routine pouch surveillance for @entity1141 indicated for XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer transformation of the pouch mucosa', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']

entities_list: @entity2418 :: ('MESH:D004062', 'Disease') :: ['pouch dysplasia', 'ileoanal pouches']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity2418 :: (MESH:D004062,Disease) :: ['ileoanal pouches']


abstract: PURPOSE: Isolated accounts of neoplastic pouch transformation suggest the need to perform routine ileoanal pouch surveillance with biopsy. These reports imply a model of @entity1141 to @entity5 . More recent reports studying "high risk" @entity31 @entity1 concluded that the development of @entity2418 is indeed a rare event. This study was designed to evaluate our institutional incidence of @entity1141 in ileoanal pouch during long-term follow-up. METHODS: A prospective database of all @entity1 undergoing ileoanal pouch construction (n = 767) was queried for all @entity1 undergoing pouch biopsy between 1983 and 2001. All @entity1 with @entity31 who underwent pouch biopsy were included. This excluded @entity1 with @entity30 , indeterminate @entity1960 , and @entity1412 . Pathology reports were reviewed for histologic evidence of @entity32 , atypia, @entity4648 , @entity1141 , or @entity5 . @entity1 age at biopsy, pouch age at time of biopsy, and pathology were analyzed. RESULTS: The @entity2418 of 160 @entity1 were surveyed with biopsies a total of 222 times. The average length of follow-up from pouch construction to time of surveillance and biopsy was 8.4 +/- 4.6 years. There were 83 @entity1 (52 percent) whose pouches were older than 10 years (mean, 12.7 +/- 2) at time of surveillance. With over 1,800 pouch-years of surveillance, only 1 @entity1 had focal, low-grade @entity1141 in the pouch. This @entity1 demonstrated no evidence of @entity1141 on further surveillance. CONCLUSION: Even with long-term follow-up of ileoanal pouch @entity1 , there is little evidence to support routine biopsy of the ileal mucosa in @entity31 @entity1 .

title: Is routine pouch surveillance for XXXX indicated for @entity2418 ?

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['dysplasia']


abstract: For @entity5 ,intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) administered to the site with the highest locoregional recurrence risk carries the rationale to improve @entity5 control. An IORT effect on survival remains unclear. IORT impact on postoperative outcomes after pancreatectomy for @entity420 was analyzed, with a specific attempt to correct for the nonrandom IORT treatment assignment, and to account for treatment group imbalances in the interpretation of outcome differences. A propensity-score-adjusted analysis, based on variable selection by logistic regression, was used to rebalance treatments. Between 1989 and 1999, 61 @entity1 underwent partial or total pancreatectomy for a primary @entity420 at the City of Hope National Medical Center. Diagnoses included pancreatic (n = 36), duodenal (n = 11), ampullary (n = 10), and @entity1126 (n = 4). Thirty @entity1 received IORT to the resection area, with a median dose of 15 Gy (range: 10-20), followed by postoperative external beam radiation (n = 24). Mortality was 0%, the complication rate 61%. Of 33 @entity1 with a documented recurrence, 6 had an isolated locoregional recurrence only (1 IORT versus 5 no IORT, = 0.05); the systemic recurrence pattern differed as well (IORT 94%, no IORT 67%; = 0.04). IORT had no significant impact on hospital stay (overall median: 17 days), disease-free survival (16 months), and overall survival (23 months) when adjusted for those most relevant variables reflecting IORT treatment group assignment propensity. After adjustment for relevant propensity factors, IORT was not linked to a significantly increased risk for complications, hospital stay, or survival hazard. The recurrence pattern may be affected in some @entity1 , but systemic recurrences predominate. We continue to explore IORT in combination with systemic chemotherapy.

title: Impact of intraoperative radiation on postoperative and disease-specific outcome after pancreatoduodenectomy for XXXX : a propensity score analysis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'periampullary cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['periampullary adenocarcinoma', 'adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1126 :: ('MESH:D001650', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct cancer']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity810 can be treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) or intermittent hemodialysis. There is no difference in mortality, although @entity1 treated with CRRT may have a higher rate of renal recovery. Given these considerations, an estimate of the costs by modality may help in choosing the method of dialysis. As such, the objective of this study was to estimate the cost of CRRT and intermittent hemodialysis in the intensive care unit and to explore the impact of renal recovery on subsequent clinical outcomes and costs among survivors. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of all @entity1 who developed @entity810 and required dialysis between April 1, 1996, and March 31, 1999. SETTING: Two tertiary care intensive care units in Calgary, Canada. @entity1 : A total of 261 critically ill @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS: All @entity1 were followed to determine in-hospital and subsequent clinical outcomes (survival and frequency of renal recovery). The immediate and potential long-term costs of CRRT and intermittent hemodialysis were measured. MAIN RESULTS: The cost of performing CRRT ranged from Can 3,486 dollars to Can 5,117 dollars per week, depending on the modality and the anticoagulant used, and it was significantly more expensive than intermittent hemodialysis (Can 1,342 dollars per week). Survivors with renal recovery spent significantly fewer days in hospital (11.3 vs. 22.5 days, p<.001) and incurred less healthcare costs (11,192 dollars vs. 73,273 dollars, p<.001) over the year after hospital discharge compared with survivors who remained on dialysis. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate cost savings could be achieved by increasing the use of intermittent hemodialysis rather than CRRT for @entity1 with @entity810 in the intensive care unit. Because of the high cost of ongoing dialysis, CRRT may still be an economically efficient treatment if it improves renal recovery among survivors; further study in this area is required.

title: Cost of XXXX requiring dialysis in the intensive care unit: clinical and resource implications of renal recovery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure', 'Acute renal failure']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute renal failure']