abstract: UNASSIGNED: Blood pressure variability ( @entity15882 ) has been associated with cardiovascular events; however, the prognostic significance of short-term @entity15882 remains uncertain. As uncertainty also remains as to which measure of variability most accurately describes short-term @entity15882 , this study explores different indices and investigates their relationship with subclinical @entity16 ( @entity16 ). We used data from the Mitchelstown Study, a cross-sectional study of Irish adults aged 47-73 years (n=2047). A subsample (1207) underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). As measures of short-term @entity15882 , we estimated the s.d., weighted s.d. (wSD), coefficient of variation (CV) and average real variability (ARV). @entity16 was documented by microalbuminuria and electrocardiogram (ECG) @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ). There was no association found between any measure of @entity15882 and @entity4346 in both unadjusted and fully adjusted logistic regression models. Similar analysis found that ARV (24   h, day and night), s.d. (day and night) and wSD were all univariately associated with microalbuminuria and remained associated after adjustment for age, gender, smoking, body mass index (BMI), @entity6 and antihypertensive treatment. However, when the models were further adjusted for the mean BP the association did not persist for all indices. Our findings illustrate choosing the appropriate summary measure, which accurately captures that short-term @entity15882 is difficult. Despite discrepancies in values between the different measures, there was no association between any indexes of variability with @entity16 measures after adjustment for the mean BP.Journal of @entity1 @entity101 advance online publication, 19 March 2015; doi:10.1038/jhh.2015.18.

title: Short-term blood pressure variability over 24   h and @entity16 in middle-aged @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3124 @entity1 are at high risk of developing pressure ulcers resulting in serious untoward @entity1 and health care system outcomes. Pressure @entity1066 prevention is therefore an important @entity1 safety priority and establishing a structured approach to pressure @entity1066 risk assessment to identify @entity1 at risk is a critical first step. METHODS: The literature was searched using three electronic databases from 2000 to 2011 to identify papers reporting on pressure @entity1066 risk factors and assessment in adult critical care. The review and appraisal of papers were conducted by two critical care nurses. Papers underwent detailed review if they met inclusion criteria where they identified pressure @entity1066 assessment scores, scales or risk factors and related to adult critical care @entity1 FINDINGS: Seven papers were reviewed. No single assessment tool was sufficiently validated for @entity3124 @entity1 and seven key critical care risk factors were identified. These risk factors were: mechanical ventilation, impaired circulation, dialysis, long surgery, low protein and too unstable to turn. TOOL DEVELOPMENT: The tool Critical Care Pressure Ulcer Assessment Tool made Easy (CALCULATE) was developed utilizing the risk factors from the literature and expert critical care nursing consensus decision-making. DISCUSSION: In the absence of current consensus, valid assessment scales and limited evidence for the most appropriate pressure @entity1066 assessment for @entity3124 @entity1 , this assessment tool offers an easy, appropriate alternative for @entity3124 @entity1 than existing tools primarily validated for acute care wards. CONCLUSIONS: 'CALCULATE' offers an important contribution towards the advancement and development of critical care pressure @entity1066 risk assessment. Future research is needed to further enhance and inform pressure @entity1066 risk assessment of the @entity3124 @entity1 . IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The identification of critical care risk factors may be an indicative method of assessing pressure @entity1066 risk in the @entity3124 @entity1 .

title: Part 1: Pressure XXXX assessment  -  the development of Critical Care Pressure Ulcer Assessment Tool made Easy (CALCULATE).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['Critically ill', 'critically ill']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcer']


abstract: The authors had 75 @entity1 with @entity583 under observation. After the 15th day of the disease various @entity299 and conductivity were revealed in 85% of @entity1 during cardiomonitor surveillance. The most frequent occurrences were @entity1540 (72.5%), sinus @entity1168 (40%) and @entity11706 (37.5%). @entity2224 was noted in 4 (5.3%) @entity1 two of whom were resuscitated. In 50 @entity1 with @entity583 of more than one month duration @entity299 during physical load were studied (dosed walking under telectrocardiographic control and/or on a treadmill). During dosed waling 28% of @entity1 developed @entity943 or it was intensified (sinus @entity591 was not taken into account). During a load on a treadmill such changes were encountered in 30% of @entity1 . A favourable effect of treatment with @entity2643 was produced in most @entity1 with @entity1540 some of whom were resistant to lidocain treatment. A good effect was produced in some @entity1 by means of the pulsnorma or rythmodan. Beta-adrenergic blocking agents as well as cordaron and @entity1855 were effective in @entity7129 . Hyperbaric oxygenation was used in 14 @entity1 with disorders of rhythm. Disappearance of @entity943 or considerable improvement was registered in 11 @entity1 after treatment consisting of 10-12 procedures.

title: [Late XXXX in @entity583 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['cordarone']

entities_list: @entity11706 :: ('MESH:D018880', 'Disease') :: ['atrial extrasystole']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['Primary ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular extrasystole']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['disorders of cardiac rhythm']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['atrial extrasystole and sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: The authors had 75 @entity1 with @entity583 under observation. After the 15th day of the disease various @entity299 and conductivity were revealed in 85% of @entity1 during cardiomonitor surveillance. The most frequent occurrences were @entity1540 (72.5%), sinus @entity1168 (40%) and @entity11706 (37.5%). @entity2224 was noted in 4 (5.3%) @entity1 two of whom were resuscitated. In 50 @entity1 with @entity583 of more than one month duration @entity299 during physical load were studied (dosed walking under telectrocardiographic control and/or on a treadmill). During dosed waling 28% of @entity1 developed @entity943 or it was intensified (sinus @entity591 was not taken into account). During a load on a treadmill such changes were encountered in 30% of @entity1 . A favourable effect of treatment with @entity2643 was produced in most @entity1 with @entity1540 some of whom were resistant to lidocain treatment. A good effect was produced in some @entity1 by means of the pulsnorma or rythmodan. Beta-adrenergic blocking agents as well as cordaron and @entity1855 were effective in @entity7129 . Hyperbaric oxygenation was used in 14 @entity1 with disorders of rhythm. Disappearance of @entity943 or considerable improvement was registered in 11 @entity1 after treatment consisting of 10-12 procedures.

title: [Late @entity943 in XXXX ].

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarct']


abstract: Among the mechanisms that control chromosome segregation in bacteria are highly-conserved partitioning systems comprising three components: @entity71305 protein (a deviant Walker-type ATPase), @entity71306 protein (a DNA-binding element) and multiple cis-acting palindromic centromere-like sequences, designated parS. Ten putative parS sites have been identified in the @entity5175 genome, four localized in close proximity of oriC and six, diverged by more than one @entity4334 from a perfect palindromic sequence, dispersed along the chromosome. Here, we constructed and analyzed @entity796 mutants deprived of each single parS sequence and their different combinations. The analysis included evaluation of a set of phenotypic features, chromosome segregation, and @entity71306 localization in the cells. It was found that @entity71306 binds specifically to all ten parS sites, although with different affinities. The @entity796 parS mutant with all ten parS sites modified (parSnull) is viable however it demonstrates the phenotype characteristic for parAnull or parBnull mutants: slightly slower growth rate, high frequency of anucleate cells, and defects in motility. The genomic position and sequence of parS determine its role in @entity796 biology. It transpired that any one of the four parS sites proximal to oriC (parS1 to parS4), which are bound by @entity71306 with the highest affinity, is necessary and sufficient for the parABS role in chromosome partitioning. When all these four sites are mutated simultaneously, the strain shows the parSnull phenotype, which indicates that none of the remaining six parS sites can substitute for these four oriC-proximal sites in this function. A single ectopic parS2 (inserted opposite oriC in the parSnull mutant) facilitates @entity71306 organization into regularly spaced condensed foci and reverses some of the mutant phenotypes but is not sufficient for accurate chromosome segregation.

title: A single parS sequence from the cluster of four sites closest to oriC is necessary and sufficient for proper chromosome segregation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['P. aeruginosa']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Proper screening, management, and follow-up of Grade 1 and 2 blunt @entity1914 (BCIs) remains controversial. These low-grade BCIs were analyzed to define their natural history and establish a rational management plan based on lesion progression and @entity385 . METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of all blunt traumatic carotid and vertebral @entity1317 treated between August 2003 and April 2013 was performed and Grade 1 and 2 BCIs were identified. Grade 1 injuries are defined as a vessel lumen stenosis of less than 25%, and Grade 2 injuries are defined as a stenosis of the vessel lumen between 25% and 50%. Demographic information, radiographic imaging, number of imaging sessions performed per individual, length of radiographic follow-up, radiographic outcome at end of follow-up, treatment(s) provided, and documentation of @entity385 or transient @entity63 attack were recorded. RESULTS One hundred seventeen Grade 1 and 2 BCIs in 100 @entity1 were identified and available for follow-up. The mean follow-up duration was 60 days. Final imaging of Grade 1 and 2 BCIs demonstrated that 64% of cases had resolved, 13% of cases were radiographically stable, and 9% were improved, whereas 14% radiographically worsened. Of the treatments received, 54% of cases were treated with @entity117 ( @entity1281 ), 31% received no treatment, and 15% received various medications and treatments, including endovascular stenting. There was 1 @entity385 that was thought to be related to bilateral Grade 2 BCI, which developed soon after hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS The majority of Grade 1 and 2 BCIs remained stable or improved at final follow-up. Despite a 14% rate of radiographic worsening in the Grade 1 and 2 BCIs cohort, there were no adverse clinical outcomes associated with these radiographic changes. The @entity64 rate was 1% in this low-grade BCIs cohort, which may be an overestimate. The use of @entity1281 or other antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications in these low-grade BCIs did not appear to correlate with @entity130 stability, nor with a decreased rate of @entity385 . Although these data suggest that these Grade 1 and 2 BCIs may require less intensive radiographic follow-up, future prospective studies are needed to make conclusive changes related to treatment and management.

title: Clinical and radiographic outcomes following traumatic Grade 1 and 2 XXXX : a 10-year retrospective analysis from a Level I @entity130 center. The Parkland Carotid and @entity1317 .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['artery injuries']

entities_list: @entity1914 :: ('MESH:D020212', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['radiographic injury']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity1914 :: (MESH:D020212,Disease) :: ['carotid artery injuries']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Proper screening, management, and follow-up of Grade 1 and 2 blunt @entity1914 (BCIs) remains controversial. These low-grade BCIs were analyzed to define their natural history and establish a rational management plan based on lesion progression and @entity385 . METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of all blunt traumatic carotid and vertebral @entity1317 treated between August 2003 and April 2013 was performed and Grade 1 and 2 BCIs were identified. Grade 1 injuries are defined as a vessel lumen stenosis of less than 25%, and Grade 2 injuries are defined as a stenosis of the vessel lumen between 25% and 50%. Demographic information, radiographic imaging, number of imaging sessions performed per individual, length of radiographic follow-up, radiographic outcome at end of follow-up, treatment(s) provided, and documentation of @entity385 or transient @entity63 attack were recorded. RESULTS One hundred seventeen Grade 1 and 2 BCIs in 100 @entity1 were identified and available for follow-up. The mean follow-up duration was 60 days. Final imaging of Grade 1 and 2 BCIs demonstrated that 64% of cases had resolved, 13% of cases were radiographically stable, and 9% were improved, whereas 14% radiographically worsened. Of the treatments received, 54% of cases were treated with @entity117 ( @entity1281 ), 31% received no treatment, and 15% received various medications and treatments, including endovascular stenting. There was 1 @entity385 that was thought to be related to bilateral Grade 2 BCI, which developed soon after hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS The majority of Grade 1 and 2 BCIs remained stable or improved at final follow-up. Despite a 14% rate of radiographic worsening in the Grade 1 and 2 BCIs cohort, there were no adverse clinical outcomes associated with these radiographic changes. The @entity64 rate was 1% in this low-grade BCIs cohort, which may be an overestimate. The use of @entity1281 or other antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications in these low-grade BCIs did not appear to correlate with @entity130 stability, nor with a decreased rate of @entity385 . Although these data suggest that these Grade 1 and 2 BCIs may require less intensive radiographic follow-up, future prospective studies are needed to make conclusive changes related to treatment and management.

title: Clinical and radiographic outcomes following traumatic Grade 1 and 2 @entity1914 : a 10-year retrospective analysis from a Level I XXXX center. The Parkland Carotid and @entity1317 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Proper screening, management, and follow-up of Grade 1 and 2 blunt @entity1914 (BCIs) remains controversial. These low-grade BCIs were analyzed to define their natural history and establish a rational management plan based on lesion progression and @entity385 . METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of all blunt traumatic carotid and vertebral @entity1317 treated between August 2003 and April 2013 was performed and Grade 1 and 2 BCIs were identified. Grade 1 injuries are defined as a vessel lumen stenosis of less than 25%, and Grade 2 injuries are defined as a stenosis of the vessel lumen between 25% and 50%. Demographic information, radiographic imaging, number of imaging sessions performed per individual, length of radiographic follow-up, radiographic outcome at end of follow-up, treatment(s) provided, and documentation of @entity385 or transient @entity63 attack were recorded. RESULTS One hundred seventeen Grade 1 and 2 BCIs in 100 @entity1 were identified and available for follow-up. The mean follow-up duration was 60 days. Final imaging of Grade 1 and 2 BCIs demonstrated that 64% of cases had resolved, 13% of cases were radiographically stable, and 9% were improved, whereas 14% radiographically worsened. Of the treatments received, 54% of cases were treated with @entity117 ( @entity1281 ), 31% received no treatment, and 15% received various medications and treatments, including endovascular stenting. There was 1 @entity385 that was thought to be related to bilateral Grade 2 BCI, which developed soon after hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS The majority of Grade 1 and 2 BCIs remained stable or improved at final follow-up. Despite a 14% rate of radiographic worsening in the Grade 1 and 2 BCIs cohort, there were no adverse clinical outcomes associated with these radiographic changes. The @entity64 rate was 1% in this low-grade BCIs cohort, which may be an overestimate. The use of @entity1281 or other antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications in these low-grade BCIs did not appear to correlate with @entity130 stability, nor with a decreased rate of @entity385 . Although these data suggest that these Grade 1 and 2 BCIs may require less intensive radiographic follow-up, future prospective studies are needed to make conclusive changes related to treatment and management.

title: Clinical and radiographic outcomes following traumatic Grade 1 and 2 @entity1914 : a 10-year retrospective analysis from a Level I @entity130 center. The Parkland Carotid and XXXX .

answer: @entity1317 :: (MESH:D057772,Disease) :: ['Vertebral Artery Injury Survey']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To measure the incidence of @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ), defined as first-ever @entity583 ( @entity583 ) or @entity1459 ( @entity1459 ); evaluate recent temporal trends; and determine whether survival after @entity1187 has changed over time and differs by type. @entity1 AND METHODS: This was a population surveillance study conducted in Olmsted County, Minnesota (population: 144,248). All @entity1 hospitalized with incident @entity1187 between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2010, were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes, natural language processing of the medical records, and biomarkers. @entity583 was validated by epidemiologic criteria and @entity1459 by the Braunwald classification. @entity1 were followed through June 30, 2013, for @entity204 . RESULTS: Of 1244 incident @entity1187 cases, 35% (n=438) were @entity1459 and 65% (n=806) were @entity583 . The standardized rates (per 100,000) of @entity1187 were 284 (95% CI, 248-319) in 2005 and 184 (95% CI, 157-210) in 2010 (2010 vs 2005: rate ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.53-0.73), indicating a 38% decline (similar for @entity583 and @entity1459 ). The 30-day case fatality rates did not differ by year of diagnosis but were worse for @entity583 (8.9%; 95% CI, 6.9%-10.9%) compared with @entity1459 (1.9%; 95% CI, 0.6%-3.1%). Among 30-day survivors, the risk of @entity204 did not differ by @entity1187 type or diagnosis year. CONCLUSION: In the community, @entity1459 constitutes 35% of @entity1187 . The incidence of @entity1187 has declined in recent years, and trends were similar for @entity1459 and @entity583 , reaffirming a substantial decline in all acute manifestations of @entity301 . Survival after @entity1187 did not change over time, but 30-day survival was worse for @entity583 compared with @entity1459 .

title: Acute XXXX in the Community.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'PATIENTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['UA', 'unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'Myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['Coronary Syndromes']


abstract: PURPOSE: An arthroscopic procedure for the treatment of @entity4713 using platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) carried out in a matrix of @entity9039 was developed. This prospective, case-series-based study was designed to evaluate the safety and clinical utility of this procedure. METHODS: @entity1 with an isolated @entity4713 larger than 5  mm long, 3  mm wide, and 5  mm deep and smaller than 30  mm long, 25  mm wide, or 20  mm deep were considered for enrolment. Only @entity1 with chronic lesions were enroled. Arthroscopic debridement was followed by the placement of recombinant @entity1 PDGF in a matrix of @entity9039 . The @entity3681 ( @entity3681 ), visual analogue scale (VAS) for @entity158 , and SF-36 questionnaires were administered at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24  weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans were taken before and after surgery. RESULTS: Five @entity1 were ultimately enroled in this proof-of-concept trial. All outcome measures demonstrated marked improvement from baseline to final follow-up: The mean weight bearing VAS @entity158 score improved by 49  %, and the mean @entity3681 functional score improved by 28  %. Bone healing was seen on CT, and reduction in @entity4 signal was seen on MRI. CONCLUSION: This new procedure may offer a promising alternative for the treatment of @entity4713 . Further high-quality studies are needed to confirm these results and to analyse the long-term effects of the procedure. The clinical relevance of this study is that the procedure may provide a less invasive option with improved bone healing compared to standard techniques . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: A study to evaluate the safety of platelet-derived growth factor for treatment of XXXX of the talus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4713 :: ('MESH:D010007', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral defect', 'osteochondral defects']

entities_list: @entity9039 :: ('MESH:C018392', 'Chemical') :: ['tricalcium phosphate']

entities_list: @entity3681 :: ('MESH:D016512', 'Disease') :: ['Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale', 'AOS']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

answer: @entity4713 :: (MESH:D010007,Disease) :: ['osteochondral defects']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are usually tolerant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and associated with @entity5 relapse. @entity7245 ( @entity7245 ), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), is currently being used in clinical trials of @entity2 . However, @entity7245 facilitates the formation of induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells. We hypothesized that @entity7245 would mediate the CSCs properties and subsequently confer a more malignant phenotype in @entity2 . Transfected @entity2 cells, which stably expresses a triple fused reporter gene (DsRedm-Fluc-tTKsr39) under the control of @entity2834 promoter was used to establish a xenograft @entity19 model. After the treatment of @entity7245 , H1299 cell line and @entity5 xenografts were sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) based on aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. We found that @entity7245 could suppress the growth of xenografted @entity5 with decreased proportion of @entity2 cells indicating that @entity7245 may target CSCs. However, @entity7245 significantly enhanced the @entity5 initiating capacity and the expression of malignant genes such as @entity4030 , @entity25785 and @entity22985 in the remaining living ALDH(br) cells. These findings suggested that @entity7245 treatment created a more drug-resistant state in residual ALDH(br) cells. The in vivo imaging technique may facilitate searching and characterization of CSCs.

title: Enhancement of @entity5 initiation and expression of @entity4030 , @entity25785 and XXXX genes in the adenocarcinoma of lung xenograft after vorinostat treatment.

entities_list: @entity7245 :: ('MESH:D000592', 'Disease') :: ['SAHA', 'Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['H1299 lung cancer', 'ALDHbr lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

answer: @entity22985 :: (259266,Gene) :: ['ASPM']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are usually tolerant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and associated with @entity5 relapse. @entity7245 ( @entity7245 ), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), is currently being used in clinical trials of @entity2 . However, @entity7245 facilitates the formation of induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells. We hypothesized that @entity7245 would mediate the CSCs properties and subsequently confer a more malignant phenotype in @entity2 . Transfected @entity2 cells, which stably expresses a triple fused reporter gene (DsRedm-Fluc-tTKsr39) under the control of @entity2834 promoter was used to establish a xenograft @entity19 model. After the treatment of @entity7245 , H1299 cell line and @entity5 xenografts were sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) based on aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. We found that @entity7245 could suppress the growth of xenografted @entity5 with decreased proportion of @entity2 cells indicating that @entity7245 may target CSCs. However, @entity7245 significantly enhanced the @entity5 initiating capacity and the expression of malignant genes such as @entity4030 , @entity25785 and @entity22985 in the remaining living ALDH(br) cells. These findings suggested that @entity7245 treatment created a more drug-resistant state in residual ALDH(br) cells. The in vivo imaging technique may facilitate searching and characterization of CSCs.

title: Enhancement of @entity5 initiation and expression of @entity4030 , XXXX and @entity22985 genes in the adenocarcinoma of lung xenograft after vorinostat treatment.

answer: @entity25785 :: (9643,Gene) :: ['MORF4L2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are usually tolerant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and associated with @entity5 relapse. @entity7245 ( @entity7245 ), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), is currently being used in clinical trials of @entity2 . However, @entity7245 facilitates the formation of induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells. We hypothesized that @entity7245 would mediate the CSCs properties and subsequently confer a more malignant phenotype in @entity2 . Transfected @entity2 cells, which stably expresses a triple fused reporter gene (DsRedm-Fluc-tTKsr39) under the control of @entity2834 promoter was used to establish a xenograft @entity19 model. After the treatment of @entity7245 , H1299 cell line and @entity5 xenografts were sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) based on aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. We found that @entity7245 could suppress the growth of xenografted @entity5 with decreased proportion of @entity2 cells indicating that @entity7245 may target CSCs. However, @entity7245 significantly enhanced the @entity5 initiating capacity and the expression of malignant genes such as @entity4030 , @entity25785 and @entity22985 in the remaining living ALDH(br) cells. These findings suggested that @entity7245 treatment created a more drug-resistant state in residual ALDH(br) cells. The in vivo imaging technique may facilitate searching and characterization of CSCs.

title: Enhancement of @entity5 initiation and expression of XXXX , @entity25785 and @entity22985 genes in the adenocarcinoma of lung xenograft after vorinostat treatment.

answer: @entity4030 :: (3778,Gene) :: ['KCNMA1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are usually tolerant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and associated with @entity5 relapse. @entity7245 ( @entity7245 ), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), is currently being used in clinical trials of @entity2 . However, @entity7245 facilitates the formation of induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells. We hypothesized that @entity7245 would mediate the CSCs properties and subsequently confer a more malignant phenotype in @entity2 . Transfected @entity2 cells, which stably expresses a triple fused reporter gene (DsRedm-Fluc-tTKsr39) under the control of @entity2834 promoter was used to establish a xenograft @entity19 model. After the treatment of @entity7245 , H1299 cell line and @entity5 xenografts were sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) based on aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. We found that @entity7245 could suppress the growth of xenografted @entity5 with decreased proportion of @entity2 cells indicating that @entity7245 may target CSCs. However, @entity7245 significantly enhanced the @entity5 initiating capacity and the expression of malignant genes such as @entity4030 , @entity25785 and @entity22985 in the remaining living ALDH(br) cells. These findings suggested that @entity7245 treatment created a more drug-resistant state in residual ALDH(br) cells. The in vivo imaging technique may facilitate searching and characterization of CSCs.

title: Enhancement of XXXX initiation and expression of @entity4030 , @entity25785 and @entity22985 genes in the adenocarcinoma of lung xenograft after vorinostat treatment.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It is unclear whether osteoclasts are present and activated in @entity3540 . We explored the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for osteoclast biomarkers and regulating factors in @entity5479 to elucidate the level of osteoclast activity in this disease. Bone powder was collected from 14 @entity1 with cholesteatomatous and @entity102 media during tympanomastoidectomy, separately from cortical bone of the mastoid (clean bone powder), from bone neighboring @entity3540 ( @entity79 ), and from bone of the air cells and antrum of @entity102 media @entity1 (noncholesteatomatous bone powder). The samples collected were soaked in TRIzol reagent, and total RNA was extracted and purified by the acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform method, followed by the use of magnetic bead technology. The sample was then subjected to quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for receptor activator of nuclear factor kB (RANK), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K (CTSK), osteoclast-associated receptor ( @entity9215 ), calcitonin receptor (CALCR), matrix metalloproteinase  9 (MMP9), receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand ( @entity5298 ), and osteoprotegerin ( @entity2159 ). There was no significant difference in the expression of TRAP, CTSK, @entity9215 , CALCR, MMP9, or @entity2159 among the clean, cholesteatomatous, and noncholesteatomatous bone powder. On the other hand, the expression of RANK and @entity5298 was significantly lower in the @entity79 than in the noncholesteatomatous bone powder (P  =  0.003 and P  =  0.028, respectively). The @entity5298 mRNA/ @entity2159 mRNA ratio did not differ among the three samples. These results indicate that osteoclasts are unlikely to be activated in @entity3540 . Bone resorption mechanisms not mediated by osteoclasts may need to be reappraised in @entity3540 research in future studies.

title: Osteoclasts are not activated in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['noncholesteatomatous chronic otitis']

entities_list: @entity5479 :: ('MESH:D018424', 'Disease') :: ['middle ear cholesteatomas']

entities_list: @entity3540 :: ('MESH:D002781', 'Disease') :: ['cholesteatomas', 'cholesteatoma']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['cholesteatomatous bone powder']

answer: @entity5479 :: (MESH:D018424,Disease) :: ['middle ear cholesteatoma']


abstract: Gastroparesis is a chronic disorder of @entity1819 causing considerable suffering. We describe two cases of @entity7623 which were treated by methods which were not part of routine conventional therapy, but which, nevertheless, led to significant clinical improvement. In the first case, the @entity1 suffered from @entity7623 following a @entity130 while undergoing a lung transplant. During his illness a mega-bezoar formed, a well-described complication of @entity7623 . After conservative measures failed, and in order to avoid a surgical intervention that carried considerable risk under the circumstances, a successful trial consisting of imbibing large amounts of "Coca Cola" and acupuncture was initiated. The bezoar dissolved completely and considerable improvement of the @entity1 's gastric motility was achieved. In the second case, the @entity1 was a young @entity1 suffering from @entity7623 , which responded well to treatment with tricyclic antidepressants. Due to her intention to become pregnant, this treatment was discontinued and she was admitted to receive homeopathic treatment. After two failed attempts in finding the right homeopathic remedy to replace the conventional treatment, the third remedy (Sepia) used brought dramatic improvement in her general condition and her @entity2210 . Today, over two years after her successful homeopathic treatment, she is in the middle of her second pregnancy, without any treatment and free of complaints. These two cases are examples of simple solutions for seemingly complicated and complex conditions alleviated by an integration of conventional and complementary/alternative medicine.

title: ["Do two walk together unless they have agreed to do so?"--Combining conventional and complementary medicine in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal gastric motility']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['dyspepsia']

entities_list: @entity7623 :: ('MESH:D018589', 'Disease') :: ['gastroparesis', 'idiopathic gastroparesis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['vagal injury']

answer: @entity7623 :: (MESH:D018589,Disease) :: ['gastroparesis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aim This study assesses the feasibility of collecting genetic samples and self-reported outcome measures after cardiovascular risk assessment, and presenting the genetic test results to @entity1 . BACKGROUND: @entity301 ( @entity301 ) genetic tests are increasingly available through direct-to-consumer marketing, but their potential clinical impact on cardiovascular risk assessment is unclear. METHODS: Observational study in 10 British general practices in Central England. A total of 320 individuals, who had completed conventional cardiovascular risk assessment, were offered @entity301 genetic test, with follow-up outcome questionnaire at eight months for lifestyle change and State-Trait @entity148 . Findings A total of 119 (37%) @entity1 returned genetic test specimens, with over a third reporting family history of @entity301 in a specified relative; 79 (66.4%) were categorized above-average risk on conventional cardiovascular risk assessment, 65 of whom (82.3%) were only average risk on genetic assessment. The dietary fat questionnaire was poorly completed while study participation was not associated with increased @entity148 (mean increase in @entity148 score=2.1; 95% CI -0.1-4.3; P=0.06). CONCLUSION: As a feasibility study, over a third of individuals offered genetic testing in primary care, as part of CVD risk assessment, took up the offer. Although intervention did not appear to increase @entity148 , this needs further evaluation. To improve generalizability and effect size, future studies should actively engage individuals from wider socio-economic backgrounds who may not have already contemplated lifestyle change. The current research suggests general practitioners will face the clinical challenge of @entity1 presenting with direct-to-consumer genetic results that are inconsistent with conventional cardiovascular risk assessment.

title: Comparison of XXXX genetic assessment with conventional cardiovascular risk assessment in primary care: reflections on a feasibility study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'Coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about the clinical and immunological changes in the nickel allergic @entity1 with systemic symptoms. We aimed to evaluate T helper cell responses of @entity1 with different clinical presentations due to nickel. METHODS: @entity1 having @entity56 and positive patch test results to nickel and 20 controls underwent skin prick tests with nickel. @entity688 , @entity3646 , @entity225 and @entity379 were measured in the culture supernatants of PBMC stimulated by nickel during lymphocyte proliferation test (LTT). RESULTS: 69 @entity1 (56 female, mean age: 49.2    13.1), 97% having nickel containing dental devices and 20 controls (8 female, mean age 34.9    12.06) were evaluated. Skin prick tests with nickel were positive in 70% of the @entity1 (p<0.001), being significantly higher in the @entity1 with @entity110 / @entity113 (p=0.02). The LTT stimulation index (p<0.0001), @entity3646 (p=0.002), @entity379 (p=0.01), @entity225 (p=0.04) and @entity688 (p=0.003) were higher in the @entity1 group. LTT stimulation index, @entity3646 and @entity688 were significantly elevated in @entity1 having @entity110 , @entity113 and @entity1576 when compared to those who had only oral symptoms or systemic @entity1909 (p=0.004, p=0.002 and p=0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study suggests the presence of @entity56 in addition to a Type IV immune reaction in @entity1 with chronic systemic symptoms related to nickel. Nickel containing @entity1697 seem to trigger systemic symptoms in previously nickel sensitized @entity1 .

title: Oral nickel exposure may induce XXXX reaction in nickel-sensitized subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['dental alloys and oral nickel intake']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Type I hypersensitivity', 'various allergic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['Type I hypersensitivity']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: @entity882 due to @entity6118 precludes percutaneous liver biopsy in many cases of @entity409 ( @entity409 ). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of @entity1169 in correcting platelet counts (>100,000/mm(3)) to ensure percutaneous liver biopsy in @entity1 with @entity409 . METHODS: From January 2005 to December 2012, 51 consecutive @entity1 (mean age 11.5      3.0  years, 34 @entity1 ) with @entity409 who needed liver biopsy but could not be done due to @entity882 (platelets <100,000/mm(3) and/or total leukocyte counts <4,000/mm(3) with @entity381 ) were recruited and given a 4-week trial of long-acting @entity1169 (1.5-2  mg/kg/day). Hemodynamic parameters and splenic artery hemodynamics by Doppler ultrasound were recorded before and after the @entity1169 trial. Response to therapy was defined as improvement of platelet counts to >= 10(5)/mm(3). RESULTS: Thirty-two (62.7  %) @entity1 responded to @entity1169 therapy and their mean platelet counts increased from 57.5      13.0  *  10(3) to 140.7      43.3  *  10(3)/mm(3), p  =  0.0001. Liver biopsy could be done in 29. While comparing responders with non-responders, baseline spleen size (7.4      3.3 vs. 12.7      4.5  cm, p  =  0.0001) and platelet counts (57.5      13.0  *  10(3) vs. 39.5      14.5  *  10(3), p  =  0.0001) were found to be significant. ROC curve suggested a cut-off value of  <=8.5  cm of spleen and >= 53,000 platelets as predictors of response. With @entity1169 , mean arterial pressure and spleen size reduced (p  <  0.05) and splenic artery resistance increased significantly (p  =  0.005) in responders. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1169 corrects @entity882 and makes liver biopsy possible in almost two-thirds of cases by reducing splenic sequestration through splenic artery vasoconstriction. The baseline spleen size and platelet counts determine the effectiveness of therapy. A trial of b-blocker is worth carrying out in cases where liver biopsy is contraindicated due to @entity882 .

title: b-Blocker therapy ameliorates XXXX due to portal hypertension in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol', 'Propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia', 'hypersplenism-related thrombocytopenia', 'thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['CLD', 'chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity6118 :: ('MESH:D006971', 'Disease') :: ['hypersplenism']

answer: @entity6118 :: (MESH:D006971,Disease) :: ['hypersplenism']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: @entity882 due to @entity6118 precludes percutaneous liver biopsy in many cases of @entity409 ( @entity409 ). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of @entity1169 in correcting platelet counts (>100,000/mm(3)) to ensure percutaneous liver biopsy in @entity1 with @entity409 . METHODS: From January 2005 to December 2012, 51 consecutive @entity1 (mean age 11.5      3.0  years, 34 @entity1 ) with @entity409 who needed liver biopsy but could not be done due to @entity882 (platelets <100,000/mm(3) and/or total leukocyte counts <4,000/mm(3) with @entity381 ) were recruited and given a 4-week trial of long-acting @entity1169 (1.5-2  mg/kg/day). Hemodynamic parameters and splenic artery hemodynamics by Doppler ultrasound were recorded before and after the @entity1169 trial. Response to therapy was defined as improvement of platelet counts to >= 10(5)/mm(3). RESULTS: Thirty-two (62.7  %) @entity1 responded to @entity1169 therapy and their mean platelet counts increased from 57.5      13.0  *  10(3) to 140.7      43.3  *  10(3)/mm(3), p  =  0.0001. Liver biopsy could be done in 29. While comparing responders with non-responders, baseline spleen size (7.4      3.3 vs. 12.7      4.5  cm, p  =  0.0001) and platelet counts (57.5      13.0  *  10(3) vs. 39.5      14.5  *  10(3), p  =  0.0001) were found to be significant. ROC curve suggested a cut-off value of  <=8.5  cm of spleen and >= 53,000 platelets as predictors of response. With @entity1169 , mean arterial pressure and spleen size reduced (p  <  0.05) and splenic artery resistance increased significantly (p  =  0.005) in responders. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1169 corrects @entity882 and makes liver biopsy possible in almost two-thirds of cases by reducing splenic sequestration through splenic artery vasoconstriction. The baseline spleen size and platelet counts determine the effectiveness of therapy. A trial of b-blocker is worth carrying out in cases where liver biopsy is contraindicated due to @entity882 .

title: b-Blocker therapy ameliorates @entity6118 due to portal hypertension in XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of interstitial Cajal-like cells (ICLCs) on contraction of gallbladder muscle strips; and to analyze the changes of ICLCs during cholesterol @entity5990 formation in @entity840 . METHODS: The cholesterol @entity5990 animal model was made by feeding @entity840 with @entity17545 ( @entity17545 ). In vitro isolated gallbladder muscle strips were prepared. Gallbladder motility was assessed by the contraction frequency and amplitude of slow wave in response to CCK-8. The alteration in ICLC density was estimated by using immunohistochemistry. The expression of c-kit and stem cell factor (SCF) were determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The amplitude and frequency of slow wave was significantly lower in gallbladder muscle strips with the impaired ICLCs. And it is correlated with the decreased contractile response to CCK-8. In @entity17545 @entity840 , the ICLC density and bile flow in response to CCK-8 were remarkably decreased. The results indicated that gallbladder ICLCs can create slow wave potential, and also get involved in the regulation of CCK-8 induced gallbladder smooth muscle motility. In the process of cholesterol @entity5990 formation, ICLC density clearly decreased. This further @entity1319 . The decrease in ICLC density may result from decreased expression of c-kit and SCF during cholesterol @entity5990 formation.

title: The role of interstitial Cajal-like cells in the formation of cholesterol stones in XXXX gallbladder.

entities_list: @entity17545 :: ('MESH:C538646', 'Disease') :: ['HCD', 'high cholesterol diet']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['impaired gallbladder motility']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstone']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pig']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The distal part of the humerus is the second most common @entity174 location in @entity1 . Complications are more common than with other pediatric @entity174 and are mostly related to inappropriate diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: On the basis of data from 1990 through 2010 in the national registry of inpatient care treatment in Finland, we calculated the number of @entity1 less than seventeen years of age who were treated under anesthesia for a @entity174 (reduction with or without internal fixation) and the number of treatment institutions. We analyzed compensation claims concerning the treatment of these @entity174 that were received by the @entity1 Insurance Centre. The risk of a complication of treatment and the number of avoidable complications of treatment were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 7909 @entity1 underwent a procedure under anesthesia to treat a @entity174 . Claims were filed for 117 @entity1 (118 @entity174 , including seventy-four supracondylar, nineteen epicondylar, nineteen condylar, and six T-type), and compensation was granted for eighty-three (71%) of the @entity1 . @entity85 (forty-nine), delayed treatment (twenty), @entity128 (seventeen), and @entity281 (seven) were the most common reasons for compensation. On reevaluation of the claims, ninety @entity1 were assessed as having had complications of treatment. In our opinion, complications could have been avoided for eighty-six (96%) of these @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: We believe that improving the quality of primary assessment and operative technique would decrease the number of complications in the treatment of @entity174 . Centralizing operative treatment to tertiary hospitals should be considered. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: XXXX and complications of treatment in Finland: a review of compensation claims from 1990 through 2010.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'distal humeral fracture', 'pediatric distal humeral fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Deformity']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Pediatric distal humeral fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: BNC105P inhibits tubulin polymerization, and preclinical studies suggest possible synergy with @entity2239 . In this phase I/II study, efficacy and safety of the combination were explored in @entity1 with @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A phase I study in @entity1 with clear cell @entity1358 and any prior number of therapies was conducted using a classical 3 + 3 design to evaluate standard doses of @entity2239 with increasing doses of BNC105P. At the recommended phase II dose (RP2D), @entity1 with clear cell @entity1358 and one to two prior therapies (including >=  1 VEGF-TKI) were randomized to BNC105P with @entity2239 (arm A) or @entity2239 alone (arm B). The primary endpoint of the study was 6-month progression-free survival (6MPFS). Secondary endpoints included response rate, PFS, overall survival, and exploratory biomarker analyses. RESULTS: In the phase I study (N = 15), a dose of BNC105P at 16 mg/m(2) with @entity2239 at 10 mg daily was identified as the RP2D. In the phase II study, 139 @entity1 were randomized, with 69 and 67 evaluable @entity1 in arms A and B, respectively. 6MPFS was similar in the treatment arms (arm A: 33.82% vs. arm B: 30.30%, P = 0.66) and no difference in median PFS was observed (arm A: 4.7 mos vs. arm B: 4.1 mos; P = 0.49). Changes in @entity1495 , @entity6826 , sex hormone-binding globulin, and serum amyloid A protein were associated with clinical outcome with BNC105P. CONCLUSIONS: Although the primary endpoint was not met in an unselected population, correlative studies suggest several biomarkers that warrant further prospective evaluation. Clin Cancer Res; 1-8.   2015 AACR.

title: A Phase I/II Trial of BNC105P with @entity2239 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['mRCC', 'metastatic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-9']

entities_list: @entity6826 :: ('4254', 'Gene') :: ['stem cell factor']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: BNC105P inhibits tubulin polymerization, and preclinical studies suggest possible synergy with @entity2239 . In this phase I/II study, efficacy and safety of the combination were explored in @entity1 with @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A phase I study in @entity1 with clear cell @entity1358 and any prior number of therapies was conducted using a classical 3 + 3 design to evaluate standard doses of @entity2239 with increasing doses of BNC105P. At the recommended phase II dose (RP2D), @entity1 with clear cell @entity1358 and one to two prior therapies (including >=  1 VEGF-TKI) were randomized to BNC105P with @entity2239 (arm A) or @entity2239 alone (arm B). The primary endpoint of the study was 6-month progression-free survival (6MPFS). Secondary endpoints included response rate, PFS, overall survival, and exploratory biomarker analyses. RESULTS: In the phase I study (N = 15), a dose of BNC105P at 16 mg/m(2) with @entity2239 at 10 mg daily was identified as the RP2D. In the phase II study, 139 @entity1 were randomized, with 69 and 67 evaluable @entity1 in arms A and B, respectively. 6MPFS was similar in the treatment arms (arm A: 33.82% vs. arm B: 30.30%, P = 0.66) and no difference in median PFS was observed (arm A: 4.7 mos vs. arm B: 4.1 mos; P = 0.49). Changes in @entity1495 , @entity6826 , sex hormone-binding globulin, and serum amyloid A protein were associated with clinical outcome with BNC105P. CONCLUSIONS: Although the primary endpoint was not met in an unselected population, correlative studies suggest several biomarkers that warrant further prospective evaluation. Clin Cancer Res; 1-8.   2015 AACR.

title: A Phase I/II Trial of BNC105P with XXXX in @entity1358 .

answer: @entity2239 :: (MESH:C107135,Chemical) :: ['Everolimus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Alaska Native @entity1 currently have a higher prevalence of @entity101 than do nonnative Alaskans, although in the 1950s @entity101 was rare among Alaska Native @entity1 . A novel biomarker of marine foods, the @entity1568 isotope ratio (  @entity13140 ) in RBCs was shown to be negatively associated with @entity551 . Few studies have examined how individual characteristics modify the association of marine food intake with blood pressure. OBJECTIVE: This exploratory analysis examines whether sex, adiposity, and @entity101 modify the inverse association between marine food intake and blood pressure. METHODS: We used covariate-adjusted linear models to describe the association between   @entity13140 and blood pressure in 873 adult Alaska Native (Yup'ik) @entity1 who resided in 8 communities in southwest Alaska. We separately stratified by sex, body mass index (BMI) group, @entity1144 , and @entity101 status and assessed the interaction between   @entity13140 and @entity1 characteristics on blood pressure via likelihood ratio tests. RESULTS: The association between   @entity13140 and systolic blood pressure was modified by sex, BMI status, and @entity1144 , with the inverse association observed only in the male (b = -1.5; 95% CI: -2.4, -0.6 : , nonobese BMI (b = -1.7; 95% CI: -2.5, -1.0), and @entity1144 (b = -1.6; 95% CI: -2.4, -0.9) strata (all P-interaction < 0.0001). A reduction in diastolic blood pressure associated with   @entity13140 was observed in the nonobese BMI (b = -1.1; 95% CI: -1.7, -0.5) and @entity1144 (b = -1.1; 95% CI: -1.7, -0.5) strata, although only the interaction between BMI group and   @entity13140 with diastolic blood pressure was significant. The inverse association between   @entity13140 and both @entity551 was observed in nonhypertensive individuals, although the comparison had limited power. The results were consistent with those identified by using combined RBC concentrations of @entity7784 and @entity4600 as the biomarker of marine food intake, although the associations identified by using   @entity13140 were larger. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity status modified the inverse association between marine food intake and both @entity551 in adult Alaska Native (Yup'ik) @entity1 . The inverse association between   @entity13140 and systolic blood pressure was also modified by sex.

title: Sex, Adiposity, and XXXX Status Modify the Inverse Effect of Marine Food Intake on Blood Pressure in Alaska Native (Yup'ik) @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'people']

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['non-abdominally obese', 'abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systolic and diastolic blood pressure']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Alaska Native @entity1 currently have a higher prevalence of @entity101 than do nonnative Alaskans, although in the 1950s @entity101 was rare among Alaska Native @entity1 . A novel biomarker of marine foods, the @entity1568 isotope ratio (  @entity13140 ) in RBCs was shown to be negatively associated with @entity551 . Few studies have examined how individual characteristics modify the association of marine food intake with blood pressure. OBJECTIVE: This exploratory analysis examines whether sex, adiposity, and @entity101 modify the inverse association between marine food intake and blood pressure. METHODS: We used covariate-adjusted linear models to describe the association between   @entity13140 and blood pressure in 873 adult Alaska Native (Yup'ik) @entity1 who resided in 8 communities in southwest Alaska. We separately stratified by sex, body mass index (BMI) group, @entity1144 , and @entity101 status and assessed the interaction between   @entity13140 and @entity1 characteristics on blood pressure via likelihood ratio tests. RESULTS: The association between   @entity13140 and systolic blood pressure was modified by sex, BMI status, and @entity1144 , with the inverse association observed only in the male (b = -1.5; 95% CI: -2.4, -0.6 : , nonobese BMI (b = -1.7; 95% CI: -2.5, -1.0), and @entity1144 (b = -1.6; 95% CI: -2.4, -0.9) strata (all P-interaction < 0.0001). A reduction in diastolic blood pressure associated with   @entity13140 was observed in the nonobese BMI (b = -1.1; 95% CI: -1.7, -0.5) and @entity1144 (b = -1.1; 95% CI: -1.7, -0.5) strata, although only the interaction between BMI group and   @entity13140 with diastolic blood pressure was significant. The inverse association between   @entity13140 and both @entity551 was observed in nonhypertensive individuals, although the comparison had limited power. The results were consistent with those identified by using combined RBC concentrations of @entity7784 and @entity4600 as the biomarker of marine food intake, although the associations identified by using   @entity13140 were larger. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity status modified the inverse association between marine food intake and both @entity551 in adult Alaska Native (Yup'ik) @entity1 . The inverse association between   @entity13140 and systolic blood pressure was also modified by sex.

title: Sex, Adiposity, and @entity101 Status Modify the Inverse Effect of Marine Food Intake on Blood Pressure in Alaska Native (Yup'ik) XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['People']


abstract: The investigation was designed to study plasma drug concentration and prolactin response determined by two different doses of @entity1767 , a standard one and four-fold higher the other, and to explore the relationships between clinical effects and pharmacokinetic and physiological variables in @entity716 @entity1 . 24 @entity716 @entity1 received @entity1767 during 40 consecutive days. During the first 10 days they received 0,25 mg/kg b.w. During the next 20 days they were given 1 mg/kg b.w. Finally they received 0,25 mg/kg b.w. during the last ten days. The @entity1 were clinically assessed and plasma @entity1767 and prolactin concentrations were determined on days 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40. In the range of dose studied, the use of higher than conventional doses of @entity1767 results in an increased concentration in the cellular site of action and in a more complete blockade of central @entity935 receptors. Prolactin response was positive correlated with serum @entity1767 concentration. Clinical remission was not direct correlated, neither with serum neuroleptic concentration nor with prolactin level. Those @entity1 who reached higher levels of plasmatic neuroleptic and prolactin concentrations were more susceptible to develop severe extrapyramidal side-effects. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic monitoring of neuroleptic treatment could be useful to identify these @entity1 .

title: [Standard and high doses of XXXX . Clinical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects].

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

answer: @entity1767 :: (MESH:D006220,Chemical) :: ['haloperidol']


abstract: The growth of 9A and 7316A Morris @entity157 was studied in @entity2764 (PN)-depleted and in pair-fed control @entity35 . @entity35 groups were fed the respective diets for 3 weeks, inoculated with 9A and 7316A @entity5 cells in both hind leg muscles, and killed after 21 and 41 days respectively. Another group was fed ad lib the PN-sufficient diet and similarly inoculated with 7777 @entity157 cells. In this instance @entity5 were let grow maximally to the extent that @entity35 were practically unable to move and feed themselves. At this time ten animals were treated with @entity71307 every other day for 9 days, leaving five (untreated) @entity35 as controls. @entity35 pair-fed the PN-sufficient diet developed significantly heavier 9A and 7316A @entity157 with P less than or equal to 0.005 and P less than 0.001 significance levels, respectively. Treatment with the antivitamin agent extended significantly animal life span. Six @entity35 lived for 8 days, three for 12, and one for 18 days. Four of the untreated @entity35 died within 3 days, the fifth on the 8th day. These results demonstrate that PN restriction causes significant @entity5 weight and its in situ inactivation in vivo significantly extends the life of the @entity5 bearing animals.

title: Control of XXXX growth by @entity2764 restriction or treatment with an antivitamin agent.

entities_list: @entity2764 :: ('MESH:D011736', 'Chemical') :: ['pyridoxine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'reduction in tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Rat', 'Buffalo rats', 'Rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomas', 'hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity71307 :: ('CHEBI:50869', 'Chemical') :: ['L-penicillamine']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: The growth of 9A and 7316A Morris @entity157 was studied in @entity2764 (PN)-depleted and in pair-fed control @entity35 . @entity35 groups were fed the respective diets for 3 weeks, inoculated with 9A and 7316A @entity5 cells in both hind leg muscles, and killed after 21 and 41 days respectively. Another group was fed ad lib the PN-sufficient diet and similarly inoculated with 7777 @entity157 cells. In this instance @entity5 were let grow maximally to the extent that @entity35 were practically unable to move and feed themselves. At this time ten animals were treated with @entity71307 every other day for 9 days, leaving five (untreated) @entity35 as controls. @entity35 pair-fed the PN-sufficient diet developed significantly heavier 9A and 7316A @entity157 with P less than or equal to 0.005 and P less than 0.001 significance levels, respectively. Treatment with the antivitamin agent extended significantly animal life span. Six @entity35 lived for 8 days, three for 12, and one for 18 days. Four of the untreated @entity35 died within 3 days, the fifth on the 8th day. These results demonstrate that PN restriction causes significant @entity5 weight and its in situ inactivation in vivo significantly extends the life of the @entity5 bearing animals.

title: Control of @entity5 growth by XXXX restriction or treatment with an antivitamin agent.

answer: @entity2764 :: (MESH:D011736,Chemical) :: ['pyridoxine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pathological mechanisms underlying @entity73 in @entity15 ( @entity15 ) are not yet fully understood and, in addition to demyelinating lesions and gray-matter @entity194 , subclinical disease activity may play a role. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contribution of asymptomatic @entity2287 -enhancing lesions to @entity73 along with gray-matter damage and @entity194 in @entity3780 ( @entity3780 ) @entity1 . METHODS: Forty-two treated @entity3780 and 30 controls were evaluated. MRI (3T) variables of interest were brain white-matter and cortical lesion load, cortical and deep gray-matter volumes, corpus callosum volume and presence of @entity2287 -enhancing lesions. Outcome variables included EDSS, @entity15 Functional Composite (MSFC) subtests and the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological tests. @entity73 was classified as deficits in two or more cognitive subtests. Multivariate regression analyses assessed the contribution of MRI metrics to outcomes. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity73 (45.2%) had more @entity75 and lower gray-matter and callosal volumes. @entity1 with subclinical MRI activity (15%) had worse cognitive performance. Clinical disability on MSFC was mainly associated with putaminal @entity194 . The main independent predictors for @entity73 were high burden of @entity75 and number of @entity2287 -enhancing lesions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity73 was especially related to high burden of @entity75 and subclinical disease activity. Cognitive studies in @entity15 should look over subclinical disease activity as a potential contributor to @entity73 .

title: Subclinical MRI disease activity influences cognitive performance in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cortical lesions']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive deficits', 'cognitive dysfunction', 'Cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3780 :: ('MESH:D020529', 'Disease') :: ['relapsing-remitting MS', 'RRMS']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy', 'callosal atrophy']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pathological mechanisms underlying @entity73 in @entity15 ( @entity15 ) are not yet fully understood and, in addition to demyelinating lesions and gray-matter @entity194 , subclinical disease activity may play a role. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contribution of asymptomatic @entity2287 -enhancing lesions to @entity73 along with gray-matter damage and @entity194 in @entity3780 ( @entity3780 ) @entity1 . METHODS: Forty-two treated @entity3780 and 30 controls were evaluated. MRI (3T) variables of interest were brain white-matter and cortical lesion load, cortical and deep gray-matter volumes, corpus callosum volume and presence of @entity2287 -enhancing lesions. Outcome variables included EDSS, @entity15 Functional Composite (MSFC) subtests and the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological tests. @entity73 was classified as deficits in two or more cognitive subtests. Multivariate regression analyses assessed the contribution of MRI metrics to outcomes. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity73 (45.2%) had more @entity75 and lower gray-matter and callosal volumes. @entity1 with subclinical MRI activity (15%) had worse cognitive performance. Clinical disability on MSFC was mainly associated with putaminal @entity194 . The main independent predictors for @entity73 were high burden of @entity75 and number of @entity2287 -enhancing lesions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity73 was especially related to high burden of @entity75 and subclinical disease activity. Cognitive studies in @entity15 should look over subclinical disease activity as a potential contributor to @entity73 .

title: Subclinical MRI disease activity influences cognitive performance in @entity15 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because atypical @entity5606 (ATRT) is a rare disease of infancy carrying a grim prognosis, focus on long-term outcome, especially neurocognitive remained very limited. With new era of multimodality therapy, an increasing proportion of @entity1 are now long-term survivors. PROCEDURE: Retrospective review of neuropsychological (NP) status of survivors from the Canadian ATRT registry. RESULTS: Among 77 @entity1 diagnosed between 1995-2012, 16(22%) were survivors. Formal NP assessments were available in eight @entity1 . Partial information on academic achievement was available on three additional @entity1 . There were four @entity1 and seven @entity1 diagnosed at a median age of 27.5 months. Seven @entity1 underwent complete resection and three had @entity3 . All but one received sequential high dose chemotherapy. Five @entity1 received intrathecal chemotherapy. Three @entity1 underwent radiation. Median age at time of formal NP assessment was 7.6 years (3.9-9.8). Full Scale Intellectual Quotient (FSIQ) ranged from less than 50-119 (mean 78). Simple expressive and receptive language appeared relatively preserved. Three recently diagnosed @entity1 (median time assessment from diagnosis 2.6 years (1.6-4.7)) had average to high average FSIQ, @entity227 . Five other @entity1 diagnosed earlier and tested at a median time of 4.9 years (3.3-8.3) post-diagnosis had a FSIQ ranging from <50 to 71. Approximately 50% of their scores were in the impaired range. CONCLUSION: Overall this cohort appears significantly impaired at school age despite the absence of systematic radiotherapy. Larger series focusing on neurocognitive outcome are needed in the current context where treatment strategies include adjuvant radiation. Pediatr @entity5    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Neurocognitive evaluation of long term survivors of atypical XXXX (ATRT): The Canadian registry experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['academic and visual spatial skills, visual, and verbal memory']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Blood Cancer']

entities_list: @entity5606 :: ('MESH:D018335', 'Disease') :: ['teratoid rhabdoid tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity5606 :: (MESH:D018335,Disease) :: ['teratoid rhabdoid tumors']


abstract: @entity1246 ( @entity1246 ; 50 or 500 microgram/10 microliter) was injected into the right lateral ventricle of @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized male @entity35 . The animals were decapitated 15 min after injection. Serum GH and hypothalamic @entity1943 (SRIF) concentration were measured by specific RIAs. Intraventricular @entity1246 caused a dose-related increase in GH and SRIF. In another study, @entity11086 (5 or 20 mg) was injected ip into @entity4774 -anesthetized @entity35 . @entity11086 at 20 mg produced a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Furthermore, 12.5 mg @entity2932 ( @entity2933 ) injected ip into @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 elicited a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Pretreatment with 20 mg L-dopa produced decreases in the @entity2933 -induced serum GH increase and in hypothalamic SRIF in @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 . These results show that @entity1246 and @entity2933 stimulated GH secretion, which was accompanied by increased hypothalamic SRIF. Thus, the GH release induced by @entity1246 or @entity2933 may be partly involved in inhibiting the release of hypothalamic SRIF. As the @entity2933 -induced GH release was inhibited by L-dopa, the stimulatory effect of @entity2933 on GH secretion might be mediated by inhibition of the dopaminergic mechanism.

title: Concomitant increases in serum growth hormone and hypothalamic XXXX in @entity35 after injection of @entity1246 , @entity11086 , or @entity2932 .

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbital']

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['GABA', 'gamma-Aminobutyric acid']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

entities_list: @entity2932 :: ('MESH:C111420', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-hydroxybutyric acid']

entities_list: @entity11086 :: ('MESH:D000625', 'Chemical') :: ['Aminooxyacetic acid', 'aminooxyacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity1943 :: (MESH:D013004,Chemical) :: ['somatostatin']


abstract: @entity1246 ( @entity1246 ; 50 or 500 microgram/10 microliter) was injected into the right lateral ventricle of @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized male @entity35 . The animals were decapitated 15 min after injection. Serum GH and hypothalamic @entity1943 (SRIF) concentration were measured by specific RIAs. Intraventricular @entity1246 caused a dose-related increase in GH and SRIF. In another study, @entity11086 (5 or 20 mg) was injected ip into @entity4774 -anesthetized @entity35 . @entity11086 at 20 mg produced a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Furthermore, 12.5 mg @entity2932 ( @entity2933 ) injected ip into @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 elicited a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Pretreatment with 20 mg L-dopa produced decreases in the @entity2933 -induced serum GH increase and in hypothalamic SRIF in @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 . These results show that @entity1246 and @entity2933 stimulated GH secretion, which was accompanied by increased hypothalamic SRIF. Thus, the GH release induced by @entity1246 or @entity2933 may be partly involved in inhibiting the release of hypothalamic SRIF. As the @entity2933 -induced GH release was inhibited by L-dopa, the stimulatory effect of @entity2933 on GH secretion might be mediated by inhibition of the dopaminergic mechanism.

title: Concomitant increases in serum growth hormone and hypothalamic @entity1943 in @entity35 after injection of @entity1246 , XXXX , or @entity2932 .

answer: @entity11086 :: (MESH:D000625,Chemical) :: ['aminooxyacetic acid']


abstract: @entity1246 ( @entity1246 ; 50 or 500 microgram/10 microliter) was injected into the right lateral ventricle of @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized male @entity35 . The animals were decapitated 15 min after injection. Serum GH and hypothalamic @entity1943 (SRIF) concentration were measured by specific RIAs. Intraventricular @entity1246 caused a dose-related increase in GH and SRIF. In another study, @entity11086 (5 or 20 mg) was injected ip into @entity4774 -anesthetized @entity35 . @entity11086 at 20 mg produced a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Furthermore, 12.5 mg @entity2932 ( @entity2933 ) injected ip into @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 elicited a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Pretreatment with 20 mg L-dopa produced decreases in the @entity2933 -induced serum GH increase and in hypothalamic SRIF in @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 . These results show that @entity1246 and @entity2933 stimulated GH secretion, which was accompanied by increased hypothalamic SRIF. Thus, the GH release induced by @entity1246 or @entity2933 may be partly involved in inhibiting the release of hypothalamic SRIF. As the @entity2933 -induced GH release was inhibited by L-dopa, the stimulatory effect of @entity2933 on GH secretion might be mediated by inhibition of the dopaminergic mechanism.

title: Concomitant increases in serum growth hormone and hypothalamic @entity1943 in XXXX after injection of @entity1246 , @entity11086 , or @entity2932 .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: @entity1246 ( @entity1246 ; 50 or 500 microgram/10 microliter) was injected into the right lateral ventricle of @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized male @entity35 . The animals were decapitated 15 min after injection. Serum GH and hypothalamic @entity1943 (SRIF) concentration were measured by specific RIAs. Intraventricular @entity1246 caused a dose-related increase in GH and SRIF. In another study, @entity11086 (5 or 20 mg) was injected ip into @entity4774 -anesthetized @entity35 . @entity11086 at 20 mg produced a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Furthermore, 12.5 mg @entity2932 ( @entity2933 ) injected ip into @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 elicited a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Pretreatment with 20 mg L-dopa produced decreases in the @entity2933 -induced serum GH increase and in hypothalamic SRIF in @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 . These results show that @entity1246 and @entity2933 stimulated GH secretion, which was accompanied by increased hypothalamic SRIF. Thus, the GH release induced by @entity1246 or @entity2933 may be partly involved in inhibiting the release of hypothalamic SRIF. As the @entity2933 -induced GH release was inhibited by L-dopa, the stimulatory effect of @entity2933 on GH secretion might be mediated by inhibition of the dopaminergic mechanism.

title: Concomitant increases in serum growth hormone and hypothalamic @entity1943 in @entity35 after injection of @entity1246 , @entity11086 , or XXXX .

answer: @entity2932 :: (MESH:C111420,Chemical) :: ['gamma-hydroxybutyric acid']


abstract: @entity1246 ( @entity1246 ; 50 or 500 microgram/10 microliter) was injected into the right lateral ventricle of @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized male @entity35 . The animals were decapitated 15 min after injection. Serum GH and hypothalamic @entity1943 (SRIF) concentration were measured by specific RIAs. Intraventricular @entity1246 caused a dose-related increase in GH and SRIF. In another study, @entity11086 (5 or 20 mg) was injected ip into @entity4774 -anesthetized @entity35 . @entity11086 at 20 mg produced a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Furthermore, 12.5 mg @entity2932 ( @entity2933 ) injected ip into @entity4774 - or @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 elicited a significant increase in both serum GH and hypothalamic SRIF. Pretreatment with 20 mg L-dopa produced decreases in the @entity2933 -induced serum GH increase and in hypothalamic SRIF in @entity4485 -anesthetized @entity35 . These results show that @entity1246 and @entity2933 stimulated GH secretion, which was accompanied by increased hypothalamic SRIF. Thus, the GH release induced by @entity1246 or @entity2933 may be partly involved in inhibiting the release of hypothalamic SRIF. As the @entity2933 -induced GH release was inhibited by L-dopa, the stimulatory effect of @entity2933 on GH secretion might be mediated by inhibition of the dopaminergic mechanism.

title: Concomitant increases in serum growth hormone and hypothalamic @entity1943 in @entity35 after injection of XXXX , @entity11086 , or @entity2932 .

answer: @entity1246 :: (MESH:D005680,Chemical) :: ['gamma-aminobutyric acid']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The functional diversity of eukaryotic viruses infecting a single host strain from seawater samples originating from distant marine locations is unknown. To estimate this diversity, we used lysis plaque assays to detect viruses that infect the widespread species @entity71308 , which is found in coastal and mesotrophic systems, and @entity60181 , which was isolated from coastal and lagoon sites from the NW Mediterranean Sea. Detection of viral lytic activities against @entity60181 was not observed using seawater from most sites, except those close to the area where the host strain was isolated. In contrast, the more cosmopolitan @entity71308 species recovered viruses from locations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. Six new @entity71308 viruses (OlVs) were then characterized and their genomes sequenced. Two subgroups of OlVs were distinguished based on their genetic distances and on the inversion of a central 32 kb long DNA fragment, but overall their genomes displayed a high level of synteny. The two groups did not correspond to proximity of isolation sites and the phylogenetic distance between these subgroups was higher than the distances observed among viruses infecting @entity60181 . Our study demonstrates that viruses originating from very distant sites are able to infect the same algal host strain and can be more diverse than those infecting different species of the same genus. Finally, distinctive features and evolutionary distances between these different viral subgroups does not appear to be linked to biogeography of the viral isolates. IMPORTANCE: Marine eukaryotic phytoplankton virus diversity has yet to be addressed and, more specifically, it is unclear whether diversity is connected to geographical distance and whether @entity281 and lysis patterns exist among such viruses that infect the same host strain. Here, we assessed the genetic distance of geographically segregated viruses that infect the ubiquitous green microalga @entity60181 . This study provides the first glimpse into the diversity of predicted gene functions in @entity60181 viruses originating from distant sites and provide new insights to potential host-distributions and restrictions in the world oceans.

title: Diversity of viruses infecting the green micro-alga XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['differential infection']

entities_list: @entity71308 :: ('242159', 'Species') :: ['Ostreococcus lucimarinus', 'O. lucimarinus']

entities_list: @entity60181 :: ('70448', 'Species') :: ['O. tauri', 'Ostreococcus']

answer: @entity71308 :: (242159,Species) :: ['Ostreococcus lucimarinus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity28 and @entity1468 are associated with increased @entity32 and oxidative stress in the placenta. With @entity1468 greater @entity32 , @entity519 and apoptosis were found in placentas of male vs female placentas. We find increased @entity10018 expression, and associated decreased placental mitochondrial function with severe @entity1468 . We investigated if the inflammatory transcription factors @entity7738 and NFkB regulate placental @entity10018 expression in a sexually dimorphic manner. METHODS: Placentas were collected at term (C section, no labor) from healthy lean @entity1 (n=6 each sex) and trophoblast cultures prepared. Trophoblasts were treated with @entity310 (10ng/ml, 2h) and expression of @entity10018 , @entity7738 , NFkB and mitochondrial function measured. RESULTS: @entity310 treatment significantly increased placental NFkB @entity9135 expression in both sexes but @entity2451 ( @entity2451 ) only in female placentas. This was accompanied by significantly increased binding of @entity2451 to the @entity60441 promoter and increased @entity10018 expression only in female placentas. Correspondingly significantly decreased expression of the @entity10018 mitochondrial target proteins @entity5985 cluster assembly proteins and @entity2125 dehydrogenase 1a subcomplex 4 was found in the female placentas treated with @entity310 together with a significant reduction in mitochondrial respiration. Inhibition of @entity2451 by siRNA abolished the effect of @entity310 on @entity10018 expression and mitochondrial respiration in the female placenta. CONCLUSIONS: We find sexual dimorphism in the effect of @entity32 on placental @entity10018 expression perhaps mediated by the @entity2451 pathway. This may link placental @entity32 in @entity1468 to decreased mitochondrial function in pregnancies with a female fetus. DISCLOSURES: L. Myatt: None. C. Guo: None. S. Muralimanoharan: None. A. Maloyan: None.

title: [38-OR]: Sexual dimorphism in the effect of @entity32 on trophoblast function with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity5985 :: ('CHEBI:30408', 'Chemical') :: ['iron sulfur']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity28 and @entity1468 are associated with increased @entity32 and oxidative stress in the placenta. With @entity1468 greater @entity32 , @entity519 and apoptosis were found in placentas of male vs female placentas. We find increased @entity10018 expression, and associated decreased placental mitochondrial function with severe @entity1468 . We investigated if the inflammatory transcription factors @entity7738 and NFkB regulate placental @entity10018 expression in a sexually dimorphic manner. METHODS: Placentas were collected at term (C section, no labor) from healthy lean @entity1 (n=6 each sex) and trophoblast cultures prepared. Trophoblasts were treated with @entity310 (10ng/ml, 2h) and expression of @entity10018 , @entity7738 , NFkB and mitochondrial function measured. RESULTS: @entity310 treatment significantly increased placental NFkB @entity9135 expression in both sexes but @entity2451 ( @entity2451 ) only in female placentas. This was accompanied by significantly increased binding of @entity2451 to the @entity60441 promoter and increased @entity10018 expression only in female placentas. Correspondingly significantly decreased expression of the @entity10018 mitochondrial target proteins @entity5985 cluster assembly proteins and @entity2125 dehydrogenase 1a subcomplex 4 was found in the female placentas treated with @entity310 together with a significant reduction in mitochondrial respiration. Inhibition of @entity2451 by siRNA abolished the effect of @entity310 on @entity10018 expression and mitochondrial respiration in the female placenta. CONCLUSIONS: We find sexual dimorphism in the effect of @entity32 on placental @entity10018 expression perhaps mediated by the @entity2451 pathway. This may link placental @entity32 in @entity1468 to decreased mitochondrial function in pregnancies with a female fetus. DISCLOSURES: L. Myatt: None. C. Guo: None. S. Muralimanoharan: None. A. Maloyan: None.

title: [38-OR]: Sexual dimorphism in the effect of XXXX on trophoblast function with @entity1468 .

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted assess the relation between alteration of the @entity1522 profile and plasma albumin in @entity1468 . METHODS: We performed a cross sectional study using 10 @entity1 with @entity1468 albumin    3gr/dL and 9 @entity1 with @entity1468 albumin >3gr/dL. Plasma albumin was analyzed by photometric using Dyalis reagent, and plasma @entity1522 were analyzed by ion exchange chromatography (IEC). RESULTS: There were alterations of @entity1522 in @entity1 with an albumin    3 gr/dL compare with those with an albumin >3gr/dL. Essential @entity1522 and non-essential @entity1522 were significantly different (Hotteling T0.05). Regression analysis revealed that 94% of the alteration of 10 @entity1522 influenced albumin concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Alteration of the plasma @entity535 profile influenced albumin concentration in @entity1468 . Plasma albumin changes were influenced by more than one @entity1522 rather than single. DISCLOSURES: A. Aditiawarman: None. E.G. Dachlan: None.

title: [102-POS] : Alteration of the plasma @entity535 profile in XXXX with hypoalbuminemia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted assess the relation between alteration of the @entity1522 profile and plasma albumin in @entity1468 . METHODS: We performed a cross sectional study using 10 @entity1 with @entity1468 albumin    3gr/dL and 9 @entity1 with @entity1468 albumin >3gr/dL. Plasma albumin was analyzed by photometric using Dyalis reagent, and plasma @entity1522 were analyzed by ion exchange chromatography (IEC). RESULTS: There were alterations of @entity1522 in @entity1 with an albumin    3 gr/dL compare with those with an albumin >3gr/dL. Essential @entity1522 and non-essential @entity1522 were significantly different (Hotteling T0.05). Regression analysis revealed that 94% of the alteration of 10 @entity1522 influenced albumin concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Alteration of the plasma @entity535 profile influenced albumin concentration in @entity1468 . Plasma albumin changes were influenced by more than one @entity1522 rather than single. DISCLOSURES: A. Aditiawarman: None. E.G. Dachlan: None.

title: [102-POS] : Alteration of the plasma XXXX profile in @entity1468 with hypoalbuminemia.

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Preeclampsia is a @entity101 disorder of pregnancy known to increase the risk of @entity65 in both mothers and offspring later in life. Offspring exposed to a suboptimal intrauterine environment during critical periods of growth may experience altered fetal programming and subsequent long term cardiovascular changes. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in vascular response in offspring from experimental preeclamptic (EPE) compared to normotensive @entity3474 pregnancies (controls), following a high salt diet challenge. METHODS: After one week of baseline measurements on a standard diet, animals were fed a high salt diet for two weeks. @entity551 (SBP, @entity71309 ) were measured and urinary @entity1372 assessed in offspring from EPE (n=6) and controls (n=6). A generalized linear model was performed to compare BP between the two groups at both baseline and day 14, adjusted for current age. Data is reported as the mean  standard error. Significance was set at P<0.05. RESULTS: At baseline there were no differences between the groups for SBP (P=0.89) and @entity71309 (P=0.38). After salt loading the EPE group had significantly higher SBP (92  5mmHg) compared to the control group (83  4 mmHg, P=0.03). There was no significant difference in @entity71309 between the two groups (P=0.10). There was no difference in urinary @entity1372 excretion between groups (average for both groups 30mmol/day). CONCLUSIONS: Offspring from EPE pregnancies had significantly higher blood pressure after a two week salt challenge, compared with controls. Salt sensitivity may differ in offspring from @entity101 pregnancies due to fetal programming. This could have long term consequences for cardiovascular health of EPE offspring. Further research is required to determine exact mechanisms. DISCLOSURES: K.R. Yeung: None. S.M. Lim: None. S. Heffernan: None. S. Pears: None. J.M. Lind: None. A. Hennessy: None. A. Makris: None.

title: [110-POS] : Salt sensitivity in the offspring of experimental preeclamptic and normotensive XXXX pregnancies.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Systolic and diastolic blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity3474 :: (9555,Species) :: ['baboon']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the feasibility of a randomized trial to determine whether oral regimens of nifedipine, labetalol or methyldopa are effective for acute control of severe @entity101 in pregnancy. METHODS: In an open label pilot study, 30 pregnant @entity1 in India with a sustained @entity13519    160mmHg or dBP    110mmHg were assigned sequentially to receive oral nifedipine (10mg up to 3 total doses in 6h) (n=10), oral labetalol (200mg up to 3 total doses in 6h) (n=10), or a single dose of oral methyldopa 1000mg (n=10) until the target blood pressure of 130-150mmHg systolic and 80-100mmHg diastolic was achieved. The primary endpoint of the study was achievement of the targeted blood pressure within 6h without an adverse outcome. Secondary outcomes were use of additional antihypertensives, adverse maternal and neonatal effects, and side effect profile. RESULTS: Most @entity1 achieved the target blood pressure within 6h without use of additional agents or adverse outcomes (nifedipine: 8/10; labetalol: 9/10; methyldopa: 5/10). Five in the methyldopa arm received additional medication for @entity101 ; 2 with successful control and 3 unsuccessful. One in the nifedipine arm received additional medication for @entity591 . Most @entity1 in the nifedipine arm (9/10) became tachycardic (pulse>105) at one or more monitoring visits. No serious adverse maternal or perinatal side effects occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Oral regimens of nifedipine, labetalol and methyldopa are potentially effective justifying a randomized trial of all three medications with the current dosing regimens. Findings were used to adjust operational design of the trial. DISCLOSURES: T. Easterling: None. H. Bracken: None. S. Mundle: None. L. Magee: None. P. vonDadelszen: None. B. Winikoff: None.

title: [238-POS]: Oral antihypertensive regimens for management of severe XXXX in pregnancy: Results from a pilot study in India.

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: Aggressive surgical resection is the primary therapy for @entity11 . However, aggressive resection may compromise functional healthy brain tissue. Currently, there are no objective cues for surgeons to distinguish healthy tissue from @entity5 and determine @entity5 borders; surgeons skillfully rely on subjective means such as tactile feedback. This often results in incomplete resection and recurrence. The objective of the present study was to design, develop, and evaluate, in vitro and in vivo, a nanoencapsulated visible dye for intraoperative, @entity227 margins in an invasive @entity5 model. Liposomal nanocarriers containing @entity5934 (nano-EB) were developed, characterized, and tested for safety in vitro and in vivo. 3RT1 @entity35 A @entity11 cells were implanted into brains of Fischer 344 @entity35 . Nano-EB or EB solution was injected via tail vein into @entity5 -bearing animals. To assess @entity5 staining, tissue samples were analyzed visibly and using fluorescence microscopy. Area, perimeter ratios, and Manders overlap coefficients were calculated to quantify extent of staining. Nano-EB clearly marked @entity5 margins in the invasive @entity5 model. Area ratio of nano-EB staining to @entity5 was 0.89        0.05, perimeter ratio was 0.94        0.04, Manders R was 0.51        0.08, and M1 was 0.97        0.06. @entity5 border inspection under high magnification verified that nano-EB did not stain healthy tissue. Nano-EB clearly aids in distinguishing @entity5 tissue from healthy tissue in an invasive @entity5 model, while injection of unencapsulated EB results in false identification of healthy tissue as @entity5 due to diffusion of dye from the @entity5 into healthy tissue.

title: Evans blue nanocarriers visually demarcate margins of invasive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual delineation of tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Microscopic tumor']

entities_list: @entity5934 :: ('MESH:C536380', 'Disease') :: ['Evans blue dye']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: Dengue is the most common @entity281 of @entity1 and is a public health burden in more than 100 countries. @entity4224 mosquitoes stably infected with strains of the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia are resistant to @entity778 and are being tested in field trials. To mimic field conditions, we experimentally assessed the vector competence of A. aegypti carrying the Wolbachia strains wMel and wMelPop after challenge with viremic blood from dengue @entity1 . We found that wMelPop conferred strong resistance to DENV @entity281 of mosquito abdomen tissue and largely prevented disseminated @entity281 . wMel conferred less resistance to @entity281 of mosquito abdomen tissue, but it did reduce the prevalence of mosquitoes with infectious saliva. A mathematical model of DENV transmission incorporating the dynamics of @entity1800 in @entity1 and mosquitoes was fitted to the data collected. Model predictions suggested that wMel would reduce the basic reproduction number, R0, of DENV transmission by 66 to 75%. Our results suggest that establishment of wMelPop-infected A. aegypti at a high frequency in a @entity779 would result in the complete abatement of DENV transmission. Establishment of wMel-infected A. aegypti is also predicted to have a substantial effect on transmission that would be sufficient to eliminate dengue in low or moderate transmission settings but may be insufficient to achieve complete control in settings where R0 is high. These findings develop a framework for selecting Wolbachia strains for field releases and for calculating their likely impact.

title: Modeling the impact on virus transmission of Wolbachia-mediated blocking of @entity778 of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['dengue virus (DENV) infection']

entities_list: @entity4224 :: ('7159', 'Species') :: ['Aedes aegypti']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'arboviral infection']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

entities_list: @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['dengue-endemic setting']

answer: @entity4224 :: (7159,Species) :: ['Aedes aegypti']