abstract: UNASSIGNED: INTRODUCTION @entity955 ( @entity955 ) frequently coexists with other @entity65 . OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of @entity955 in outpatients with stable @entity453 ( @entity453 ), and to determine clinical and laboratory correlates of this @entity943 . Further, we compared the indications for antithrombotic therapy using the older CHADS2 and the modern CHA2DS2-VASc score. @entity1 AND METHODS We investigated a representative sample of 2578 Polish @entity1 with stable @entity453 participating in the multicenter RECENT study (age: 65  10 years; @entity1 : 55%; CCS class I/II/III+IV: 38/48/14%). RESULTS @entity955 was present in 19% of @entity1 with @entity453 . Advanced age, the longer history of @entity453 , and concomitant @entity712 were independently associated with the higher prevalence of @entity955 (all P<0.05). Among @entity1 with @entity453 and @entity955 , according to the CHADS2 score 73% of subjects required antithrombotic therapy (score >= 2) and according to the CHA2DS2-VASc score - 94% (score >= 2). 47% of @entity1 with the CHADS2 score of 0 and 85% with the CHADS2 score of 1 had the CHA2DS2-VASc score >= 2. Therefore, 21% of @entity1 with @entity453 and @entity955 did not have strong indications for antithrombotic therapy according to the CHADS2 score (0-1), while they required oral anticoagulation based on the CHA2DS2-VASc score (>= 2). CONCLUSIONS @entity955 affects every fifth @entity453 @entity1 . According to CHA2DS2-VASc score almost all @entity1 with @entity453 and @entity955 require antithrombotic management, which can complicate coronary revascularization and make the related antiplatelet therapy challenging.

title: XXXX in outpatients with stable @entity453 - results from multicenter RECENT study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease', 'ambulatory CAD']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial fibrillation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: INTRODUCTION @entity955 ( @entity955 ) frequently coexists with other @entity65 . OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of @entity955 in outpatients with stable @entity453 ( @entity453 ), and to determine clinical and laboratory correlates of this @entity943 . Further, we compared the indications for antithrombotic therapy using the older CHADS2 and the modern CHA2DS2-VASc score. @entity1 AND METHODS We investigated a representative sample of 2578 Polish @entity1 with stable @entity453 participating in the multicenter RECENT study (age: 65  10 years; @entity1 : 55%; CCS class I/II/III+IV: 38/48/14%). RESULTS @entity955 was present in 19% of @entity1 with @entity453 . Advanced age, the longer history of @entity453 , and concomitant @entity712 were independently associated with the higher prevalence of @entity955 (all P<0.05). Among @entity1 with @entity453 and @entity955 , according to the CHADS2 score 73% of subjects required antithrombotic therapy (score >= 2) and according to the CHA2DS2-VASc score - 94% (score >= 2). 47% of @entity1 with the CHADS2 score of 0 and 85% with the CHADS2 score of 1 had the CHA2DS2-VASc score >= 2. Therefore, 21% of @entity1 with @entity453 and @entity955 did not have strong indications for antithrombotic therapy according to the CHADS2 score (0-1), while they required oral anticoagulation based on the CHA2DS2-VASc score (>= 2). CONCLUSIONS @entity955 affects every fifth @entity453 @entity1 . According to CHA2DS2-VASc score almost all @entity1 with @entity453 and @entity955 require antithrombotic management, which can complicate coronary revascularization and make the related antiplatelet therapy challenging.

title: @entity955 in outpatients with stable XXXX - results from multicenter RECENT study.

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: 53 @entity2 implanted subcutaneously into C57BL/6- @entity19 were examined. The animals were killed at various stages of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and prepared for histology and for scanning electron microscopy (critical-point-dried tissue; vascular corrosion casts). Prior to casting animals were rinsed using different perfusion pressures. Casting was done by manual injection of the resin, whereby different influx-rates were applied resulting in low, medium and high pressure preparations. We discern 3 phases of @entity5 angiogenesis (TA) occurring during 4 stages of @entity5 among which vasodilation establishes the first reaction of the host vascular system to a growing @entity5 implant. During this stage 1 of @entity5 , @entity5 nidation, nearby sinusoidal dilated host capillaries form globular outgrowings (phase 1 of TA). Subsequently radially arranged sprouts, which preferentially arise from venous host vessels, grow into the centre of the implant (phase 2 of TA). Stage 2 of @entity5 , early @entity5 , is characterized by @entity39 tissue and the development of a central avascular cavity. Thus the @entity5 vascular system is organized like a hollow sphere with a central cavity and a peripheral vascular "envelope" with large vessels embracing the @entity5 and centrifugally growing vascular sprouts, which arise from the venous part of the vascular "envelope" and invade the surrounding host tissue (phase 3 of TA). During stage 3 of @entity5 , late @entity5 , many vessels of the basket-like vascular "envelope" obliterate. In stage 4 of @entity5 , prefinal phase, the peripheral vascular density decreases continuously. Thus vascular sprouting and proliferation of viable @entity5 cells is confined to basal regions of the @entity5 .

title: The angioarchitecture of the XXXX in laboratory @entity19 (a light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic study).

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lewis lung carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor growth', 'tumor', 'TG']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis of the central tumor']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lewis lung carcinoma']


abstract: 53 @entity2 implanted subcutaneously into C57BL/6- @entity19 were examined. The animals were killed at various stages of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and prepared for histology and for scanning electron microscopy (critical-point-dried tissue; vascular corrosion casts). Prior to casting animals were rinsed using different perfusion pressures. Casting was done by manual injection of the resin, whereby different influx-rates were applied resulting in low, medium and high pressure preparations. We discern 3 phases of @entity5 angiogenesis (TA) occurring during 4 stages of @entity5 among which vasodilation establishes the first reaction of the host vascular system to a growing @entity5 implant. During this stage 1 of @entity5 , @entity5 nidation, nearby sinusoidal dilated host capillaries form globular outgrowings (phase 1 of TA). Subsequently radially arranged sprouts, which preferentially arise from venous host vessels, grow into the centre of the implant (phase 2 of TA). Stage 2 of @entity5 , early @entity5 , is characterized by @entity39 tissue and the development of a central avascular cavity. Thus the @entity5 vascular system is organized like a hollow sphere with a central cavity and a peripheral vascular "envelope" with large vessels embracing the @entity5 and centrifugally growing vascular sprouts, which arise from the venous part of the vascular "envelope" and invade the surrounding host tissue (phase 3 of TA). During stage 3 of @entity5 , late @entity5 , many vessels of the basket-like vascular "envelope" obliterate. In stage 4 of @entity5 , prefinal phase, the peripheral vascular density decreases continuously. Thus vascular sprouting and proliferation of viable @entity5 cells is confined to basal regions of the @entity5 .

title: The angioarchitecture of the @entity2 in laboratory XXXX (a light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic study).

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Glucose and amino acids are key nutrients supporting cell growth. Amino acids are imported as monomers, but an alternative route induced by oncogenic @entity984 involves uptake of extracellular proteins via macropinocytosis and subsequent lysosomal degradation of these proteins as a source of amino acids. In this study, we examined the metabolism of @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ), a poorly vascularized lethal @entity984 -driven malignancy. Metabolomic comparisons of @entity1 @entity1124 and benign adjacent tissue revealed that @entity5 tissue was low in glucose, upper glycolytic intermediates, creatine phosphate, and the amino acids glutamine and serine, two major metabolic substrates. Surprisingly, @entity1124 accumulated essential amino acids. Such accumulation could arise from extracellular proteins being degraded through macropinocytosis in quantities necessary to meet glutamine requirements, which in turn produces excess of most other amino acids. Consistent with this hypothesis, active macropinocytosis is observed in primary @entity1 @entity1124 specimens. Moreover, in the presence of physiologic albumin, we found that cultured @entity19 @entity1124 cells grow indefinitely in media lacking single essential amino acids and replicate once in the absence of free amino acids. Growth under these conditions was characterized by simultaneous glutamine depletion and essential amino acid accumulation. Overall, our findings argue that the scavenging of extracellular proteins is an important mode of nutrient uptake in @entity1124 . @entity5 Res; 75(3); 544-53.   2014 AACR.

title: @entity1 pancreatic cancer tumors are nutrient poor and XXXX cells actively scavenge extracellular protein.

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['PDAC', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Glucose and amino acids are key nutrients supporting cell growth. Amino acids are imported as monomers, but an alternative route induced by oncogenic @entity984 involves uptake of extracellular proteins via macropinocytosis and subsequent lysosomal degradation of these proteins as a source of amino acids. In this study, we examined the metabolism of @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ), a poorly vascularized lethal @entity984 -driven malignancy. Metabolomic comparisons of @entity1 @entity1124 and benign adjacent tissue revealed that @entity5 tissue was low in glucose, upper glycolytic intermediates, creatine phosphate, and the amino acids glutamine and serine, two major metabolic substrates. Surprisingly, @entity1124 accumulated essential amino acids. Such accumulation could arise from extracellular proteins being degraded through macropinocytosis in quantities necessary to meet glutamine requirements, which in turn produces excess of most other amino acids. Consistent with this hypothesis, active macropinocytosis is observed in primary @entity1 @entity1124 specimens. Moreover, in the presence of physiologic albumin, we found that cultured @entity19 @entity1124 cells grow indefinitely in media lacking single essential amino acids and replicate once in the absence of free amino acids. Growth under these conditions was characterized by simultaneous glutamine depletion and essential amino acid accumulation. Overall, our findings argue that the scavenging of extracellular proteins is an important mode of nutrient uptake in @entity1124 . @entity5 Res; 75(3); 544-53.   2014 AACR.

title: XXXX pancreatic cancer tumors are nutrient poor and @entity5 cells actively scavenge extracellular protein.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the incidence and mortality of @entity1697 in the @entity5 registration areas of China in 2010. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Until June 1, 2013, 219 population-based @entity5 registries submitted the data of 2010 to the National Central @entity5 Registry of China covering about 207,229,403 population, and 120 @entity5 registries were selected after the quality evaluation for this analysis. @entity1697 cases were selected from the database according to the International Classification of Diseases-10 coded as "C00-C10, C11-C12." We calculated the crude incidence and mortality rates of @entity1697 by sex, age, and location (urban/rural). The China population in 2000 and Segi's population were used as standardized populations for the calculation of age standardized rates. RESULTS: In 2010, it was estimated that there were 34,319 new cases diagnosed as @entity1697 in China, including 23,096 males and 11,223 females. The crude incidence rate of @entity1697 was 2.61/100,000 in 2010, accounting for 1.11% of overall new @entity5 cases, ranked the 20th in all @entity5 sites. The age standardized by China population (ASRcn) and by world population (ASRwld) were 2.06/100,000 and 2.02/100,000, respectively. Cumulative rate (0-74 years old) and truncated age standardized rate (35-64 years old) were 0.23% and 3.82/100 000, respectively. In 2010, it was estimated that there were 14,652 cases died in @entity1697 in China, including 10,363 males and 4289 females. The crude mortality rate of @entity1697 was 1.11/100,000 in 2010, accounting for 0.75% of overall @entity5 deaths, ranked the 20th in all @entity5 sites. The ASRcn and ASRwld were 0.86/100,000 and 0.85/100,000, respectively. Cumulative rate and truncated age standardized rates were 0.10% and 1.30/100,000, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both the incidence and mortality of @entity1697 in China were still low in 2010. Primary prevention such as smoking control, reducing @entity285 consumption, changing the habit of chewing betel nut, and chemical prevention should be enhanced in the general population.

title: XXXX incidence and mortality in China, 2010.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['Oral cavity cancer', 'oral cavity cancer']

answer: @entity1697 :: (MESH:D009062,Disease) :: ['Oral cavity cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: There is scarce literature connecting @entity1694 and @entity725 ( @entity725 ). Most literature reports that secondary complications are a direct consequence of corticosteroid treatment of @entity1694 . In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of @entity2194 in @entity1 with @entity1694 and to determine its association with periorbital topical @entity228 use. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 90 @entity1 with @entity1694 . The Vitiligo European Task Force questionnaire was completed for each @entity1 . A control group comprising 90 healthy individuals who did not have @entity1694 and who were matched on age and gender was used for comparison. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed. A family history of @entity726 and the use of topical @entity230 were recorded. RESULTS: Two (2/90, 2.2%) of the @entity1 with @entity1694 had @entity726 compared with none of the individuals in the control group (P = .25). Nineteen of the 90 @entity1 with @entity1694 used periorbital @entity230 , and of these @entity1 , 10.5% (2/19) developed @entity726 . The duration of periorbital corticosteroid use was 4.50    2.1 years. Eighty-nine percent (17/19) of the @entity1694 @entity1 who applied the potent topical corticosteroid (class I) @entity6914 to the periorbital area did not develop @entity726 . In contrast, @entity726 was not observed in 79% (71/90) of the @entity1694 @entity1 who did not use @entity230 . @entity231 , @entity1596 , or fundus problems were not observed in either group. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that @entity1 who have @entity1694 and use topical @entity230 periorbitally do not have an increased risk of @entity726 or @entity231 . Future studies that have a larger sample size and use a detailed @entity479 use protocol are needed.

title: Screening of XXXX or @entity231 Prevalence in Vitiligo @entity1 and Its Relationship With Periorbital Steroid Use.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['POAG', 'primary open angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular problems']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataracts', 'Cataract']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity6914 :: ('MESH:D002990', 'Chemical') :: ['clobetasol propionate']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: There is scarce literature connecting @entity1694 and @entity725 ( @entity725 ). Most literature reports that secondary complications are a direct consequence of corticosteroid treatment of @entity1694 . In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of @entity2194 in @entity1 with @entity1694 and to determine its association with periorbital topical @entity228 use. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 90 @entity1 with @entity1694 . The Vitiligo European Task Force questionnaire was completed for each @entity1 . A control group comprising 90 healthy individuals who did not have @entity1694 and who were matched on age and gender was used for comparison. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed. A family history of @entity726 and the use of topical @entity230 were recorded. RESULTS: Two (2/90, 2.2%) of the @entity1 with @entity1694 had @entity726 compared with none of the individuals in the control group (P = .25). Nineteen of the 90 @entity1 with @entity1694 used periorbital @entity230 , and of these @entity1 , 10.5% (2/19) developed @entity726 . The duration of periorbital corticosteroid use was 4.50    2.1 years. Eighty-nine percent (17/19) of the @entity1694 @entity1 who applied the potent topical corticosteroid (class I) @entity6914 to the periorbital area did not develop @entity726 . In contrast, @entity726 was not observed in 79% (71/90) of the @entity1694 @entity1 who did not use @entity230 . @entity231 , @entity1596 , or fundus problems were not observed in either group. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that @entity1 who have @entity1694 and use topical @entity230 periorbitally do not have an increased risk of @entity726 or @entity231 . Future studies that have a larger sample size and use a detailed @entity479 use protocol are needed.

title: Screening of @entity726 or XXXX Prevalence in Vitiligo @entity1 and Its Relationship With Periorbital Steroid Use.

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['Cataract']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: There is scarce literature connecting @entity1694 and @entity725 ( @entity725 ). Most literature reports that secondary complications are a direct consequence of corticosteroid treatment of @entity1694 . In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of @entity2194 in @entity1 with @entity1694 and to determine its association with periorbital topical @entity228 use. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 90 @entity1 with @entity1694 . The Vitiligo European Task Force questionnaire was completed for each @entity1 . A control group comprising 90 healthy individuals who did not have @entity1694 and who were matched on age and gender was used for comparison. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed. A family history of @entity726 and the use of topical @entity230 were recorded. RESULTS: Two (2/90, 2.2%) of the @entity1 with @entity1694 had @entity726 compared with none of the individuals in the control group (P = .25). Nineteen of the 90 @entity1 with @entity1694 used periorbital @entity230 , and of these @entity1 , 10.5% (2/19) developed @entity726 . The duration of periorbital corticosteroid use was 4.50    2.1 years. Eighty-nine percent (17/19) of the @entity1694 @entity1 who applied the potent topical corticosteroid (class I) @entity6914 to the periorbital area did not develop @entity726 . In contrast, @entity726 was not observed in 79% (71/90) of the @entity1694 @entity1 who did not use @entity230 . @entity231 , @entity1596 , or fundus problems were not observed in either group. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that @entity1 who have @entity1694 and use topical @entity230 periorbitally do not have an increased risk of @entity726 or @entity231 . Future studies that have a larger sample size and use a detailed @entity479 use protocol are needed.

title: Screening of @entity726 or @entity231 Prevalence in Vitiligo XXXX and Its Relationship With Periorbital Steroid Use.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: An experiment was conducted to compare the effect of a supplementary mixture of essential oils, with and without exogenous xylanase, on performance, carcass composition, dietary @entity1568 (N)-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), dry matter retention (DMR), N retention (NR), @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) coefficients, and endogenous @entity55818 losses (measured as @entity3167 , SA) when fed to broiler @entity1573 . Three hundred male Ross 308 broilers in total were reared in floor pens from 0 to 21 d of age. Birds were fed 1 of 3 @entity3505 -based diets: basal diet (215 g/kg CP, 12.12 MJ/kg AME) with either no additive (control diet; C) or 100 g/tonne of a standardized combination of 5% @entity7654 , 3% @entity7655 , and 2% capsicum oleoresin (diet XT); or a combination of XT and commercial xylanase enzyme at a rate of 100 g of XT and 2,000 units (U) of xylanase/kg (diet XYL), respectively. Each diet was randomly allocated to 10 pens with 10 birds. Feeding XT and XYL diets improved birds' growth performance (P<0.05). Birds fed XT and XYL diets had an improved caloric conversion ratio (P<0.05) and consumed 1.3 MJ less AMEn per kilogram of growth compared to birds fed the control diet only. Feeding XT improved only the dietary @entity1386 coefficient (P<0.05) compared to control-fed birds, but the dietary @entity1386 coefficient did not differ for XYL diet (P>0.05). Birds fed XYL diet excreted 35% less endogenous @entity55818 compared to control-fed birds (P<0.05). Birds fed XT alone gained more carcass protein than the control-fed birds (P<0.05) but did not differ from the birds fed XYL diet (P>0.05). There was no indication of a negative interaction between dietary essential oils and xylanase.

title: Growth performance and endogenous losses of broilers fed XXXX -based diets with and without essential oils and xylanase supplementation.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity3167 :: ('MESH:D019158', 'Chemical') :: ['sialic acid']

entities_list: @entity7655 :: ('MESH:C012843', 'Chemical') :: ['cinnamaldehyde']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['FD', 'fat digestibility']

entities_list: @entity7654 :: ('MESH:C073316', 'Chemical') :: ['carvacrol']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 cells within a @entity5 are functionally heterogeneous and specific subpopulations, defined as @entity5 initiating cells (CICs), are endowed with higher @entity5 forming potential. The CIC state, however, is not hierarchically stable and conversion of non-CICs to CICs under microenvironment signals might represent a determinant of @entity146 . How plasticity is regulated at the cellular level is however poorly understood. To identify determinants of plasticity in @entity2 we exposed eight different cell lines to @entity2533 to induce EMT and stimulate modulation of CD133(+)  CICs. We show that response to @entity2533 treatment is heterogeneous with some cells readily switching to stem cell state (1.5-2 fold CICs increase) and others being unresponsive to stimulation. This response is unrelated to original CICs content or extent of EMT engagement but is tightly dependent on balance between epithelial and mesenchymal features as measured by the ratio of expression of @entity5962 ( @entity5962 ) to @entity19099 . Epigenetic modulation of this balance can restore sensitivity of unresponsive models to microenvironmental stimuli, including those elicited by @entity5 -associated fibroblasts both in  vitro and in  vivo. In particular, @entity5 with increased prevalence of cells with features of partial EMT (hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype) are endowed with the highest plasticity and specific patterns of expression of @entity19099 and @entity5962 markers identify a subset of @entity5 with worse prognosis. In conclusion, here we describe a connection between a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype and conversion to stem-cell state in response to external stimuli. These findings have implications for current endeavors to identify @entity5 with increased plasticity.

title: Conversion to stem-cell state in response to microenvironmental cues is regulated by balance between epithelial and mesenchymal features in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['tumor aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: - @entity71894 @entity9678 is a @entity1 missense Long QT2 mutation. Previously we reported that the @entity71894 / @entity71894 mutation embryos disrupted cardiac looping; right ventricle development; and ablated IKr activity at E9.5. The present study evaluates the role of @entity9678 in vasculogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS: - @entity71894 / @entity71894 yolk sac vessels and aorta consist of sinusoids without normal arborization. Isolated E9.5 +/+ first branchial arches showed normal outgrowth of mERG-positive / @entity1970 co-immunolocalized cells; however outgrowth was grossly reduced in @entity71894 / @entity71894 . @entity71894 / @entity71894 aortas showed fewer @entity1970 positive cells which were not co-immunolocalized with mERG cells. @entity2533 treatment of isolated @entity71894 / @entity71894 embryoid bodies partially rescued this phenotype. Cultured @entity71894 / @entity71894 embryos recapitulate the same cardiovascular phenotypes as seen in vivo. @entity2533 treatment significantly rescued these embryonic phenotypes. Both in vivo and in vitro, dofetilide treatment, over a narrow window of time, entirely recapitulated the @entity71894 / @entity71894 fetal phenotypes. Exogenous @entity2533 treatment also rescued the dofetilide-induced phenotype towards normal. CONCLUSIONS: -Loss of function of @entity9493 results in defects in cardiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Since many medications inadvertently block the @entity9493 potassium current ( @entity9678 ), these novel findings appear to have clinical relevance.

title: Role of Mutation and Pharmacologic Block of XXXX ( @entity9678 ) in Vasculogenesis and Fetal Mortality: Partial Rescue by @entity2533

answer: @entity9493 :: (2078,Gene) :: ['hERG']


abstract: BACKGROUND: - @entity71894 @entity9678 is a @entity1 missense Long QT2 mutation. Previously we reported that the @entity71894 / @entity71894 mutation embryos disrupted cardiac looping; right ventricle development; and ablated IKr activity at E9.5. The present study evaluates the role of @entity9678 in vasculogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS: - @entity71894 / @entity71894 yolk sac vessels and aorta consist of sinusoids without normal arborization. Isolated E9.5 +/+ first branchial arches showed normal outgrowth of mERG-positive / @entity1970 co-immunolocalized cells; however outgrowth was grossly reduced in @entity71894 / @entity71894 . @entity71894 / @entity71894 aortas showed fewer @entity1970 positive cells which were not co-immunolocalized with mERG cells. @entity2533 treatment of isolated @entity71894 / @entity71894 embryoid bodies partially rescued this phenotype. Cultured @entity71894 / @entity71894 embryos recapitulate the same cardiovascular phenotypes as seen in vivo. @entity2533 treatment significantly rescued these embryonic phenotypes. Both in vivo and in vitro, dofetilide treatment, over a narrow window of time, entirely recapitulated the @entity71894 / @entity71894 fetal phenotypes. Exogenous @entity2533 treatment also rescued the dofetilide-induced phenotype towards normal. CONCLUSIONS: -Loss of function of @entity9493 results in defects in cardiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Since many medications inadvertently block the @entity9493 potassium current ( @entity9678 ), these novel findings appear to have clinical relevance.

title: Role of Mutation and Pharmacologic Block of @entity9493 ( @entity9678 ) in Vasculogenesis and Fetal Mortality: Partial Rescue by XXXX

answer: @entity2533 :: (7040,Gene) :: ['TGFb']


abstract: BACKGROUND: - @entity71894 @entity9678 is a @entity1 missense Long QT2 mutation. Previously we reported that the @entity71894 / @entity71894 mutation embryos disrupted cardiac looping; right ventricle development; and ablated IKr activity at E9.5. The present study evaluates the role of @entity9678 in vasculogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS: - @entity71894 / @entity71894 yolk sac vessels and aorta consist of sinusoids without normal arborization. Isolated E9.5 +/+ first branchial arches showed normal outgrowth of mERG-positive / @entity1970 co-immunolocalized cells; however outgrowth was grossly reduced in @entity71894 / @entity71894 . @entity71894 / @entity71894 aortas showed fewer @entity1970 positive cells which were not co-immunolocalized with mERG cells. @entity2533 treatment of isolated @entity71894 / @entity71894 embryoid bodies partially rescued this phenotype. Cultured @entity71894 / @entity71894 embryos recapitulate the same cardiovascular phenotypes as seen in vivo. @entity2533 treatment significantly rescued these embryonic phenotypes. Both in vivo and in vitro, dofetilide treatment, over a narrow window of time, entirely recapitulated the @entity71894 / @entity71894 fetal phenotypes. Exogenous @entity2533 treatment also rescued the dofetilide-induced phenotype towards normal. CONCLUSIONS: -Loss of function of @entity9493 results in defects in cardiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Since many medications inadvertently block the @entity9493 potassium current ( @entity9678 ), these novel findings appear to have clinical relevance.

title: Role of Mutation and Pharmacologic Block of @entity9493 ( XXXX ) in Vasculogenesis and Fetal Mortality: Partial Rescue by @entity2533

answer: @entity9678 :: (3757,Gene) :: ['KCNH2']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess @entity73 after off-pump coronary-artery bypass grafting, with a particular emphasis on long-term follow-up and related risk factors. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, M  laga, Spain. @entity1 : @entity1 were 36 @entity1 undergoing off-pump coronary-artery bypass grafting. MEASUREMENTS: Changes in the neuropsychological test battery administered from before to after surgery (1, 6, and 12  months). Postoperative @entity73 was defined by a significant decrease. RESULTS: A significantly multidomain (attention-executive functions, P  <  .01; immediate and delayed memory, P  <  .001; and verbal fluency, P  <  .05) postoperative @entity73 was shown, being maximum at 6  months (more than 50% of @entity1 ) and still presented at 12  months (more than 30% of @entity1 ), but partially recovered. Related risk factors as smoking (P  <  .01), @entity6 (P  <  .01), peripheral @entity4065 (P  <  .01), @entity28 (P  <  .05), lower hematocrit (P  <  .01), and hemoglobin (P  <  .05) levels and diastolic blood pressure (P  <  .05) were identified as predictors of @entity73 . Better New York Heart Association class (P  <  .01) and less severity of @entity951 (P  <  .01) were associated with partial postoperative recovering. CONCLUSION: A multidomain long-term postoperative @entity73 and a partial neurocognitive recovering were detected after off-pump coronary-artery bypass grafting and were associated with several nonspecific surgery factors. These findings may be useful when counseling @entity1 before surgery and suggest the importance of long-term neurocognitive evaluation.

title: Assessment of Long-Term XXXX After Off-Pump Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting and Related Risk Factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity4065 :: ('MESH:C537440', 'Disease') :: ['arteriopathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Cognitive Impairment']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2718 toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB), considered to be essential for @entity2718 infection, affect the morphology of several cell types with different potencies and timing. However, morphological changes over various time scales are poorly characterized. The toxins' glucosyltransferase domains are critical to their deleterious effects, and cell responses to glucosyltransferase-independent activities are incompletely understood. By tracking morphological changes of multiple cell types to @entity2718 toxins with high temporal resolution, cellular responses to TcdA, TcdB, and @entity71895 TcdB (gdTcdB) are elucidated. RESULTS: @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells, @entity19 macrophage-like cells, and four epithelial cell lines (HCT8, T84, @entity435 , and immortalized @entity19 cecal epithelial cells) were treated with TcdA, TcdB, gdTcdB. Impedance across cell cultures was measured to track changes in cell morphology. Metrics from impedance data, developed to quantify rapid and long-lasting responses, produced standard curves with wide dynamic ranges that defined cell line sensitivities. Except for T84 cells, all cell lines were most sensitive to TcdB. J774 macrophages stretched and increased in size in response to TcdA and TcdB but not gdTcdB. High concentrations of TcdB and gdTcdB (>10  ng/ml) greatly reduced macrophage viability. In HCT8 cells, gdTcdB did not induce a rapid cytopathic effect, yet it delayed TcdA and TcdB's rapid effects. gdTcdB did not clearly delay TcdA or TcdB's toxin-induced effects on macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial and endothelial cells have similar responses to toxins yet differ in timing and degree. Relative potencies of TcdA and TcdB in @entity19 epithelial cells in vitro do not correlate with potencies in vivo. TcdB requires glucosyltransferase activity to cause macrophages to spread, but cell death from high TcdB concentrations is glucosyltransferase-independent. Competition experiments with gdTcdB in epithelial cells confirm common TcdA and TcdB mechanisms, yet different responses of macrophages to TcdA and TcdB suggest different, additional mechanisms or targets in these cells. This first-time, precise quantification of the response of multiple cell lines to TcdA and TcdB provides a comparative framework for delineating the roles of different cell types and toxin-host interactions.

title: High temporal resolution of glucosyltransferase dependent and independent effects of XXXX toxins across multiple cell types.

entities_list: @entity71895 :: ('MESH:C565049', 'Disease') :: ['a glucosyltransferase-deficient']

entities_list: @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['C. difficile', 'Clostridium difficile']

answer: @entity2718 :: (1496,Species) :: ['Clostridium difficile']


abstract: AIMS: @entity511 is a rare, malignant @entity5 originating from the periosteal surface of bone. We collected 38 cases from the archives of the Netherlands Committee on Bone Tumours, with the aim of studying histological features and evaluating the involvement of @entity818 ( @entity818 ), EXT, Wnt/b-catenin, the @entity996 pathway ( @entity8985 and @entity986 ), and the @entity876 pathway ( @entity876 and @entity7465 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: Histology showed a moderately cellular matrix with mucoid-myxoid changes and, in 42% of cases, formation of a neocortex. Occasional intramedullary extension (26%) and subsequent host bone entrapment (40%) were seen. Histological grading revealed grade 1 (53%) and grade 2 (45%). The @entity18215 protein was normally expressed, and mutations in @entity818 were observed in only 15% of cases. @entity996 signalling was deregulated by loss of @entity986 expression in 50% of cases, and Wnt signalling was lost in 89%. No alterations were found in @entity8985 , @entity876 , or @entity7465 . CONCLUSIONS: We report the first large histological and molecular study on @entity511 showing that histopathological examination and molecular aberrations do not predict prognosis. Although the mutation frequency of @entity818 was low, we confirm the supposed relationship with central @entity511 . Moreover, we identify loss of canonical Wnt signalling and deregulation of @entity996 signalling as possible events contributing to its histogenesis.

title: XXXX : a histopathological and molecular analysis of a rare @entity511 subtype.

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['periosteal chondrosarcoma', 'chondrosarcoma', 'Periosteal chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage-forming neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity818 :: ('3417', 'Gene') :: ['IDH1', 'isocitrate dehydrogenase 1']

answer: @entity511 :: (MESH:D002813,Disease) :: ['Periosteal chondrosarcoma']


abstract: AIMS: @entity511 is a rare, malignant @entity5 originating from the periosteal surface of bone. We collected 38 cases from the archives of the Netherlands Committee on Bone Tumours, with the aim of studying histological features and evaluating the involvement of @entity818 ( @entity818 ), EXT, Wnt/b-catenin, the @entity996 pathway ( @entity8985 and @entity986 ), and the @entity876 pathway ( @entity876 and @entity7465 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: Histology showed a moderately cellular matrix with mucoid-myxoid changes and, in 42% of cases, formation of a neocortex. Occasional intramedullary extension (26%) and subsequent host bone entrapment (40%) were seen. Histological grading revealed grade 1 (53%) and grade 2 (45%). The @entity18215 protein was normally expressed, and mutations in @entity818 were observed in only 15% of cases. @entity996 signalling was deregulated by loss of @entity986 expression in 50% of cases, and Wnt signalling was lost in 89%. No alterations were found in @entity8985 , @entity876 , or @entity7465 . CONCLUSIONS: We report the first large histological and molecular study on @entity511 showing that histopathological examination and molecular aberrations do not predict prognosis. Although the mutation frequency of @entity818 was low, we confirm the supposed relationship with central @entity511 . Moreover, we identify loss of canonical Wnt signalling and deregulation of @entity996 signalling as possible events contributing to its histogenesis.

title: @entity511 : a histopathological and molecular analysis of a rare XXXX subtype.

answer: @entity511 :: (MESH:D002813,Disease) :: ['chondrosarcoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the pro-apoptotic effect of @entity9800 ( @entity1191 ) on Y79 @entity995 cells and the role of Forkhead box, class O ( @entity4012 ) in @entity1191 -induced apoptosis. METHODS: @entity1191 -induced apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry with @entity4404 -FITC positive cells and Western blot of @entity12982 expression, respectively. The expressions of @entity4012 were detected by Western blot. The transcriptional activity of @entity4012 was determined by luciferase reporter assay. siRNAs specifically inhibiting @entity4012 were used, and flow cytometry and Western blot were executed to test the role of @entity4012 in @entity1191 -induced apoptosis. RESULTS: @entity1191 was extremely effective in inducing apoptosis of Y79 @entity995 cells. @entity4012 was highly expressed in Y79 cells. @entity1191 not only elevated the @entity4012 dephosphorylation level but also promoted its transcriptional activity, suggesting that the activation of @entity4012 was, at least in part, triggered by @entity1191 . The decreased @entity4404 positive cells and less @entity12982 cleavage demonstrated that siRNAs-mediated inhibition of @entity4012 significantly abrogated @entity1191 -induced apoptosis, indicating that @entity4012 plays an important role in @entity1191 -induced apoptosis. Moreover, the expression of Bim was also elevated with the treatment of @entity1191 , which is in accordance with the activation of @entity4012 . CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the evidence that a high level of endogenous @entity4012 expression in @entity995 cells contributes, at least in part, to @entity1191 -induced apoptosis, which may help broad application of @entity1191 in @entity995 therapy in the future.

title: @entity9800 induces apoptosis of human @entity995 cells via activation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity9800 :: ('MESH:D002166', 'Chemical') :: ['camptothecin']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity4012 :: (2308,Gene) :: ['FOXO1']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the pro-apoptotic effect of @entity9800 ( @entity1191 ) on Y79 @entity995 cells and the role of Forkhead box, class O ( @entity4012 ) in @entity1191 -induced apoptosis. METHODS: @entity1191 -induced apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry with @entity4404 -FITC positive cells and Western blot of @entity12982 expression, respectively. The expressions of @entity4012 were detected by Western blot. The transcriptional activity of @entity4012 was determined by luciferase reporter assay. siRNAs specifically inhibiting @entity4012 were used, and flow cytometry and Western blot were executed to test the role of @entity4012 in @entity1191 -induced apoptosis. RESULTS: @entity1191 was extremely effective in inducing apoptosis of Y79 @entity995 cells. @entity4012 was highly expressed in Y79 cells. @entity1191 not only elevated the @entity4012 dephosphorylation level but also promoted its transcriptional activity, suggesting that the activation of @entity4012 was, at least in part, triggered by @entity1191 . The decreased @entity4404 positive cells and less @entity12982 cleavage demonstrated that siRNAs-mediated inhibition of @entity4012 significantly abrogated @entity1191 -induced apoptosis, indicating that @entity4012 plays an important role in @entity1191 -induced apoptosis. Moreover, the expression of Bim was also elevated with the treatment of @entity1191 , which is in accordance with the activation of @entity4012 . CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the evidence that a high level of endogenous @entity4012 expression in @entity995 cells contributes, at least in part, to @entity1191 -induced apoptosis, which may help broad application of @entity1191 in @entity995 therapy in the future.

title: @entity9800 induces apoptosis of human XXXX cells via activation of @entity4012 .

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['retinoblastoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the pro-apoptotic effect of @entity9800 ( @entity1191 ) on Y79 @entity995 cells and the role of Forkhead box, class O ( @entity4012 ) in @entity1191 -induced apoptosis. METHODS: @entity1191 -induced apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry with @entity4404 -FITC positive cells and Western blot of @entity12982 expression, respectively. The expressions of @entity4012 were detected by Western blot. The transcriptional activity of @entity4012 was determined by luciferase reporter assay. siRNAs specifically inhibiting @entity4012 were used, and flow cytometry and Western blot were executed to test the role of @entity4012 in @entity1191 -induced apoptosis. RESULTS: @entity1191 was extremely effective in inducing apoptosis of Y79 @entity995 cells. @entity4012 was highly expressed in Y79 cells. @entity1191 not only elevated the @entity4012 dephosphorylation level but also promoted its transcriptional activity, suggesting that the activation of @entity4012 was, at least in part, triggered by @entity1191 . The decreased @entity4404 positive cells and less @entity12982 cleavage demonstrated that siRNAs-mediated inhibition of @entity4012 significantly abrogated @entity1191 -induced apoptosis, indicating that @entity4012 plays an important role in @entity1191 -induced apoptosis. Moreover, the expression of Bim was also elevated with the treatment of @entity1191 , which is in accordance with the activation of @entity4012 . CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the evidence that a high level of endogenous @entity4012 expression in @entity995 cells contributes, at least in part, to @entity1191 -induced apoptosis, which may help broad application of @entity1191 in @entity995 therapy in the future.

title: XXXX induces apoptosis of human @entity995 cells via activation of @entity4012 .

answer: @entity9800 :: (MESH:D002166,Chemical) :: ['Camptothecin']


abstract: PURPOSE: Chronic therapy with long-acting bronchodilators (LB) is recommended to treat moderate-to-severe @entity1030 . Although the benefits of adding @entity4185 ( @entity4185 ) to LB are still unclear, @entity1 who experience repeated exacerbations are suggested to add @entity4185 to their LB treatment. The objective of this study is to analyze whether adding @entity4185 to LB therapy reduces mortality. METHODS: We identified a cohort of @entity1 discharged from hospital with @entity1030 diagnosis between 2006 and 2009. The first prescription for LB or @entity4185 following discharge was defined as the index prescription. Only new users were included (no use of any study drug in the 6 months before treatment). A 4-day time window was used to classify @entity1 into "LB alone" or "LB plus @entity4185 " initiators. We used propensity score to balance the study groups. Sensitivity analyses were performed in @entity1 with recent out-of-hospital exacerbations. RESULTS: Among the 18615 adults enrolled, 12207 initiated "LB plus @entity4185 " therapy and 6408 "LB alone." Crude mortality rates were 110 and 143 cases per 1000 @entity1 -years in the "LB plus @entity4185 " and "LB alone" groups, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.72-0.97; p-value: 0.024). When analyzing @entity1 with recent out-of-hospital exacerbations, the benefit of the combination therapy was more pronounced, HR = 0.63 (95% CI: 0.44-0.90; p-value: 0.012). DISCUSSION: Our findings showed a beneficial effect on mortality of adding inhaled corticosteroids to long-acting bronchodilators. The advantage was much more pronounced in @entity1 with frequent exacerbations.

title: The Effect on Total Mortality of Adding Inhaled Corticosteroids to Long-Acting Bronchodilators for XXXX : A Real Practice Analysis in Italy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity4185 :: ('MESH:D058545', 'Disease') :: ['ICS', 'inhaled corticosteroid']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of Magnolia officinalis and M. officinalis var. biloba on @entity344 . METHOD: The @entity344 induced by @entity3897 and @entity534 were used in this study. The effect of M. officinalis on the gastrointestinal function was evaluated by propulsive motility of the total gastrointestinal tract test by recording the time of excreting carbo medicinalis, the gastric residualrate, the intestinal propulsion rate, the serum levels of @entity6122 , @entity3771 ( @entity3771 ) and @entity8243 (GAS). ED50 were calculated with Bliss's method. RESULT: M. officinalis and M. officinalis var. biloba improved the @entity344 , decreased the gastric residual rate, enhanced the intestinal propulsion rate and increased serum levels of @entity6122 , @entity3771 ( @entity3771 ) and @entity8243 (GAS). The ED50 value of M. officinalis var. biloba was much higher than that of M. officinalis. CONCLUSION: The effect of improving @entity344 of M. officinalis was proved to be superior to that of M. officinalis var. biloba.

title: [Comparative study of effect of Magnolia officinalis and M. officinalis var. biloba on XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal motility dysfunction', 'gastrointestinal motility']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal motility dysfunction']


abstract: Video techniques were used to analyze the motion of the gliding bacterium Cytophaga sp. strain @entity57803 . Cells moved singly on glass along the long axis at a speed of about 2 micrometers/s, advancing, retreating, stopping, pivoting about a pole, or flipping over. They did not flex or roll. Cells of different lengths moved at about the same speed. Cells sometimes spun continuously about a pole at a frequency of about 2 HZ, the body moving in a plane parallel to that of the glass or on the surface of a cone having either a large or a small solid angle. @entity852 latex spheres moved to and fro on the surfaces of cells, also at a speed of about 2 micrometers/s. They moved in the same fashion whether a cell was in suspension, gliding, or at rest on the glass. Two spheres on the same cell often moved in opposite directions, passing by one another in close proximity. Small and large spheres and aggregates of spheres all moved at about the same speed. An aggregate moved down the side of a cell with a fixed orientation, even when only one sphere was in contact with the cell. Spheres occasionally left one cell and were picked up by another. Cell pretreated with small spheres did not adhere to glass. When the cells were deprived of @entity26 , they stopped gliding, and the spheres stopped moving on their surfaces. The spheres became completely immobilized; they no longer moved from cell to cell or exhibited @entity717 . Cytophaga spp. are known to have a typical gram-negative cell envelope: an inner (cytoplasmic) membrane, a thin peptidoglycan layer, and an outer (lipopolysaccharide) membrane. Our data are consistent with a model for gliding in which sites to which glass and @entity852 strongly adsorb move within the fluid outer membrane along tracks fixed to the rigid peptidoglycan framework.

title: Gliding motility of Cytophaga sp. strain XXXX .

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['Polystyrene', 'polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Brownian movement']

answer: @entity57803 :: (26781,Gene) :: ['U67']


abstract: We describe the development, implementation, and outcomes of the first 2 years of the @entity64 CarePath, an initiative developed for management of @entity385 @entity1 in an effort to improve efficiency and quality of care for @entity1 . The CarePath consists of care pathways for @entity385 that are integrated within the electronic health record. @entity1 -reported outcomes are collected using an external software platform. Documentation tools, order sets, and clinical decision support were designed to improve efficiency, optimize process measure adherence, and produce clinical data as a byproduct of care that are available for future analyses. Inpatient mortality and length of stay were compared before and after CarePath implementation in @entity385 @entity1 after adjustment for case-mix. Postdischarge functional outcomes of @entity1 with @entity385 were compared between the first 3 months of rollout and remainder of the study period. From January 2011 to December 2012, there were 1106 @entity1 with @entity385 on the CarePath. There was a decline in inpatient mortality in @entity1 with @entity385 , but not in control @entity1 with @entity1779 . Completion rate of @entity1 -reported questionnaires at postdischarge @entity64 follow-up was 72.9%. There was a trend toward improved functional outcomes at follow-up with CarePath implementation. Implementation of the @entity64 CarePath is feasible and may be associated with a benefit in multiple different outcomes after @entity385 . This approach may be an important strategy for optimizing @entity64 care in the future.

title: XXXX CarePath: Integrated Approach to @entity64 Care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Electronic Stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Electronic Stroke']


abstract: We describe the development, implementation, and outcomes of the first 2 years of the @entity64 CarePath, an initiative developed for management of @entity385 @entity1 in an effort to improve efficiency and quality of care for @entity1 . The CarePath consists of care pathways for @entity385 that are integrated within the electronic health record. @entity1 -reported outcomes are collected using an external software platform. Documentation tools, order sets, and clinical decision support were designed to improve efficiency, optimize process measure adherence, and produce clinical data as a byproduct of care that are available for future analyses. Inpatient mortality and length of stay were compared before and after CarePath implementation in @entity385 @entity1 after adjustment for case-mix. Postdischarge functional outcomes of @entity1 with @entity385 were compared between the first 3 months of rollout and remainder of the study period. From January 2011 to December 2012, there were 1106 @entity1 with @entity385 on the CarePath. There was a decline in inpatient mortality in @entity1 with @entity385 , but not in control @entity1 with @entity1779 . Completion rate of @entity1 -reported questionnaires at postdischarge @entity64 follow-up was 72.9%. There was a trend toward improved functional outcomes at follow-up with CarePath implementation. Implementation of the @entity64 CarePath is feasible and may be associated with a benefit in multiple different outcomes after @entity385 . This approach may be an important strategy for optimizing @entity64 care in the future.

title: @entity64 CarePath: Integrated Approach to XXXX Care.

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2009 it was introduced a new diagnostic criteria based on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) greater than or equal to 6.5 % in the adult population; some studies suggest that the cutoff may be smaller in pediatric population. The objective was to determine the utility of HbA1c greater than or equal to 6.5 % as a diagnostic test for @entity3918 in Mexican adolescents with overweight or @entity28 . METHODS: Full somatometry was performed. Also, Tanner stage, blood pressure, blood @entity413 , @entity413 tolerance curve (GTC) and HbA1c were analyzed. Specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values and ROC curve were calculated for the diagnosis of @entity3918 with HbA1c. RESULTS: 109 adolescents between 10 and 16 years referred for @entity28 or overweight plus comorbidities were studied; 58 % were females, the age was of 13    1.74 years, the BMI percentile 95.3, and the HbA1c 5.73    0.9 %. It was made a diagnosis of @entity3918 in 9 cases (8.3 %), @entity5710 in 8 (7.3 %) and normal @entity413 tolerance in 92 (84.4 %). The HbA1c mean was 5.6    0.04, 5.7    0.4, and 5.6    0.73 %, respectively. HbA1c greater than or equal to 6.5 % had a sensitivity of 12.5 %, a specificity of 89.8 %, a @entity2286 of 10.65 and a NPV of 14.28. The best cutoff point for diagnosing @entity3918 through ROC curve was 5.45 %, with a sensitivity of 62.5 %, a specificity of 57.1 %, @entity2286 2.53 and NPV 33.3. CONCLUSIONS: The level of HbA1c greater than or equal to 6.5 % had low sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of @entity3918 . A lower cutoff point is insufficient to use HbA1c as a diagnostic criterion. These results are consistent with the ones of other journals.

title: [Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c as a diagnostic test for diabetes mellitus in adolescents with overweight and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a series of three @entity1 who received simultaneous circulatory support with both veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and intra-aortic balloon pump and subsequently developed @entity1188 , and present a brief review of the relevant literature. DATA SOURCES: Hospital medical records and MEDLINE and PubMed databases. STUDY SELECTION: Any @entity1 who developed lower limb neurologic symptoms during a period of concurrent venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and intra-aortic balloon pump support, with subsequent MRI changes involving the spinal cord, from 2006 (the year of institution of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in our ICU) to 2014. DATA EXTRACTION: @entity1 records were retrospectively reviewed. Medical databases were searched for any literature linking intra-aortic balloon pump and/or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with @entity16 of the lower limbs. DATA SYNTHESIS: Three female @entity1 presented in @entity1455 or arrest requiring circulatory support. Intra-aortic balloon pump was inserted, and peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was initiated with subsequent loss of native ejection in each case. Neurologic signs were noted clinically, and subsequent imaging demonstrated @entity1188 and small aortic size for all three @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The timeline of events suggests a causal relation between intra-aortic balloon pump, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and significant @entity51 . This is likely due to hypoperfusion of the spinal cord, which is multifactorial in origin, including small aortic calibre, low cardiac output states, high vasopressor requirements causing vasospasm of the artery of Adamkiewicz, occlusion of retrograde oxygenated blood flow from peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation due to intra-aortic balloon pump being in situ, and possible @entity1031 phenomena. The thoracic spinal cord is intrinsically susceptible to @entity63 due to the anatomy of the arterial supply, which is described here. We identify several risk factors and make several recommendations to avoid this rare but catastrophic complication in the future. We also suggest interventions should this challenging complication be identified.

title: XXXX During Concomitant Circulatory Support With Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump and Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic injury']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord infarction']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Infarct']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The circadian pattern of adipokines is blunted in @entity28 subjects, and we tested the hypothesis that bariatric surgery could normalize the 24-hr pattern of adipokines. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the early impact of the newly designed sleeve gastrectomy with transit bipartition ( @entity71896 ) surgery on the circadian pattern of leptin, @entity1254 , and resistin in morbidly @entity28 subjects. METHODS: The study group included six morbidly @entity28 @entity1 [body mass index (BMI) 41.3        1.53   kg/m(2)] who underwent @entity71896 and four lean @entity1 (BMI 18.61        0.92   kg/m(2)). Blood from all subjects was collected before and 3 months after bariatric surgery every 6   hr throughout the 24-hr period. The circadian pattern of leptin, @entity1254 , and resistin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or Luminex techniques. RESULTS: Lean @entity1 exhibited rise of plasma leptin levels at nighttime, whereas @entity28 @entity1 had an increase in the overall plasma leptin levels throughout the 24-hr period, lacking the physiological rise of nocturnal leptin levels compared to controls. Obese @entity1 had a decrease in 24-hr @entity1254 levels and similar plasma resistin levels compared to controls. Three months after @entity71896 , @entity28 @entity1 lost 16.0% (P   <   0.005) of their initial body weight and had a decrease in overall 24-hr leptin levels. However, there was no recovery of the nocturnal rise in leptin levels 3 months after @entity71896 . The 24-hr @entity1254 levels were still decreased after @entity71896 surgery compared to controls, while resistin levels were decreased only during night time after @entity71896 . CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that @entity71896 is an efficient innovative procedure to rapidly decrease 24-hr leptin levels. However, after 3 months, @entity71896 was not enough to recover the physiological nocturnal rise of leptin levels present in lean subjects.

title: Early Effect of Bariatric Surgery on the Circadian Rhythms of Adipokines in Morbidly Obese XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gunshot wounds require surgeons to decide whether to remove or leave bullet fragments in the body. Surgeons also decide how to follow up with @entity1 who have lead fragments retained in their body. Current literature recommends to remove only intra-articular fragments without the need for a follow-up for @entity1 with the metal retained. Therefore, this study investigates chronic @entity137 for gunshot wounds. METHODS: The study was performed in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro/Brazil, between 2013 and 2015. It was a case-control study that included 45 victims of gunshot lesions with metallic fragments retained for more than 6 months. The 45 controls were matched for gender, age, and race. We compared the lead blood levels and frequency of symptoms. RESULTS: The control group had average blood lead levels of 2.17  g/dL (95% Confidence Interval [CI]; 1.71-2.63) and median 2.1  g/dL. The case group had average values of 9.01  g/dL (CI; 6.07-11.96) and median values of 6.5  g/dL with p-values < = 0.001. The case group reported the following more frequently: irritancy, bad mood, @entity10 , @entity2414 , daylight drowsiness, @entity925 , @entity425 , @entity490 , @entity158 , @entity9408 , tingling limbs. There was statistical significance for the differences of symptoms frequencies and for odds ratio between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although the mean lead levels found were lower than the current laboratory references, low levels have been associated with both rising morbidity and mortality. The WHO stated: "There is no known level of lead exposure that is considered safe". In conclusion, this work showed that bullets retained in the body are not innocuous. There are impacts in the blood lead levels and symptoms related to it, even with few fragments, extra-articular located or existing with low blood lead levels.

title: Lead XXXX Risks in Gunshot Victims.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['lead toxicity']

entities_list: @entity9408 :: ('MESH:C537682', 'Disease') :: ['trembling']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory losses']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['joint pain']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Toxicity']


abstract: AIMS: To investigate whether @entity20637 polymorphisms affect peginterferon alpha (PEG-IFN) efficacy in @entity6194 ( @entity6194 ) @entity1 using a tag- single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach. METHODS: A total of 212 @entity1956 e antigen (HBeAg)-positive @entity1 treated with a 48weeks of PEG-IFN monotherapy were enrolled initially and 127 @entity1 were followed for 48weeks posttreatment. Genotype analysis was performed for 10 tag-SNPs in @entity20637 . RESULTS: The @entity454 ( @entity454 ) rate was 45.8% (97/212) and the sustained virological response (SVR) rate was 45.7% (58/127). Meanwhile, 35.4% (75/212) achieved HBeAg seroconversion at the end of treatment. In a multivariate analysis, the @entity71897 CC genotype was independently associated with @entity454 (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.23-3.98, P=0.008) and SVR (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.05-5.20, P=0.037) after adjustment for sex, age, @entity97 genotype, baseline levels of @entity97 DNA and ALT. Meanwhile, @entity71897 CC genotype were also independently associated with decline of HBsAg levels below 1500IU/mL at 12weeks of treatment (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.01-6.29, P=0.047). Furthermore, three SNPs were found to be independently associated with HBeAg seroconversion at the end of treatment. (1) The @entity71898 CC genotype was independently associated with no HBeAg seroconversion (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.29-0.95, P=0.034); (2) The @entity71899 TT genotype was independently associated with HBeAg seroconversion (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.14-3.90, P=0.017); (3) The @entity71897 CC genotype was independently associated with HBeAg seroconversion (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.26-4.42, P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms in @entity20637 are independently associated with treatment response to PEG-IFN among Chinese HBeAg-positive @entity6194 @entity1 .

title: Association of @entity20637 polymorphisms with peginterferon efficacy in XXXX with HBeAg-positive in the Chinese population.

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity6194 :: ('MESH:D019694', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis B', 'CHB']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end of virological response', 'EVR']

answer: @entity6194 :: (MESH:D019694,Disease) :: ['chronic hepatitis B']


abstract: AIMS: To investigate whether @entity20637 polymorphisms affect peginterferon alpha (PEG-IFN) efficacy in @entity6194 ( @entity6194 ) @entity1 using a tag- single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach. METHODS: A total of 212 @entity1956 e antigen (HBeAg)-positive @entity1 treated with a 48weeks of PEG-IFN monotherapy were enrolled initially and 127 @entity1 were followed for 48weeks posttreatment. Genotype analysis was performed for 10 tag-SNPs in @entity20637 . RESULTS: The @entity454 ( @entity454 ) rate was 45.8% (97/212) and the sustained virological response (SVR) rate was 45.7% (58/127). Meanwhile, 35.4% (75/212) achieved HBeAg seroconversion at the end of treatment. In a multivariate analysis, the @entity71897 CC genotype was independently associated with @entity454 (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.23-3.98, P=0.008) and SVR (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.05-5.20, P=0.037) after adjustment for sex, age, @entity97 genotype, baseline levels of @entity97 DNA and ALT. Meanwhile, @entity71897 CC genotype were also independently associated with decline of HBsAg levels below 1500IU/mL at 12weeks of treatment (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.01-6.29, P=0.047). Furthermore, three SNPs were found to be independently associated with HBeAg seroconversion at the end of treatment. (1) The @entity71898 CC genotype was independently associated with no HBeAg seroconversion (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.29-0.95, P=0.034); (2) The @entity71899 TT genotype was independently associated with HBeAg seroconversion (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.14-3.90, P=0.017); (3) The @entity71897 CC genotype was independently associated with HBeAg seroconversion (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.26-4.42, P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms in @entity20637 are independently associated with treatment response to PEG-IFN among Chinese HBeAg-positive @entity6194 @entity1 .

title: Association of XXXX polymorphisms with peginterferon efficacy in @entity6194 with HBeAg-positive in the Chinese population.

answer: @entity20637 :: (57506,Gene) :: ['IPS1']


abstract: @entity49751 is now exceptional. Symptomatology is non-specific and frequently, as in the case reported here, the onset is marked by a localized or generalized @entity410 . A space-occupying lesion is recognized by angiography and CT. The precise diagnosis is suggested by evidence of @entity3468 or of a hypodense mass outlined by contrast or slight calcifications and confirmed by positive serology in a @entity1 with a suspected @entity5 . In some cases a positive diagnosis can be made only by pathological examination after surgical ablation of the gumma. An area of central @entity39 is surrounded by a granulomatous layer rich in plasmocytes (the polyclonal nature of the secretion is shown by immunocytochemistry) and a peripheral fibroblastic zone. The arteries are ensheathed by a dense inflammatory infiltrate constituted almost entirely by plasmocytes and their lumens are either stenosed or filled with @entity5922 . Surgical treatment should be combined with @entity114 administration. For a @entity1 in good general condition with a suspected gumma, medical treatment can be given initially, with follow-up by CT, neurosurgery being indicated only in case of failure of medical therapy. The rarity of gummata in relation to other tertiary syphilitic lesions remains unexplained. The @entity1 reported here had multiple infections including one due to @entity2803 after ablation of the gumma, highly suggesting an @entity1200 .

title: [Surgically treated XXXX of the brain. Computerized tomography findings].

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsion']

entities_list: @entity49751 :: ('MESH:C536775', 'Disease') :: ['Syphilitic gumma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral tumor']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity3468 :: ('MESH:D001167', 'Disease') :: ['arteritis']

entities_list: @entity5922 :: ('MESH:C536356', 'Disease') :: ['endarteritic debris']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunity disorder']

answer: @entity49751 :: (MESH:C536775,Disease) :: ['syphilitic gumma']


abstract: A retrospective study of 223 @entity1 (111 @entity1 , 112 @entity1 , mean age 40.6 years) with the @entity5011 investigated vital or functional prognostic factors. @entity1 were first seen between 1963 and 1981, when 192 were noted to have @entity129 . Assisted ventilation was required in 152 cases, and 23 @entity1 died, including 5 from cardiocirculatory dysautonomy. Plasma exchange was not used. @entity1 were divided into 3 groups as a function of the degree of maximum @entity912 : group 1 (n = 63) @entity1 had incomplete @entity1688 without assisted ventilation, group 2 (n = 93) incomplete @entity1688 with assisted ventilation, group 3 (n = 62) @entity1688 with or without assisted ventilation. Vital prognosis was related to the severity of @entity16 . Frequency of intercurrent complications, @entity74 and mortality increased with maximal severity of @entity51 . The 3 groups did not differ as a function of previous history, mode of onset of @entity8954 , duration of extension phase of @entity912 , or @entity2841 protein content at the first examination during the extension phase of the paralyses. It is therefore impossible at an early stage of the disease to predict future @entity51 . The cumulative percentage of @entity1 who recovered a normal muscular force in limbs and cranial territories was 48 p. 100 after one year and 60 p. 100 after two years (actuarial values). The functional prognosis depends upon the degree of @entity51 at maximum @entity912 and duration of the plateau phase. Probability of full muscular strength recovery was lower in group 3 and in those @entity1 with a plateau phase duration longer than 2 weeks. Independently of groups, motility recovery rate was markedly higher in @entity1 with a plateau phase duration of less than one week. Motility recuperation was independent of age, sex, duration of extension phase, @entity2841 protein levels during the acute phase, and presence of @entity3002 .

title: [The XXXX . Study of prognostic factors in 223 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['quadriplegia']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve disorders']

entities_list: @entity8954 :: ('MESH:D011129', 'Disease') :: ['polyradiculoneuritis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic disorders']

entities_list: @entity3002 :: ('MESH:D009421', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic nervous system disorders']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficit']

entities_list: @entity5011 :: ('MESH:D020275', 'Disease') :: ['Landry-Guillain-Barre syndrome']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['dysautonomic disorders']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity5011 :: (MESH:D020275,Disease) :: ['Landry-Guillain-Barr   syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity146 symptom severity and impairment are overlapping but nevertheless distinct illness parameters, little research has examined whether variables found to be associated with the severity are also correlated with symptom-induced impairment. Parents and teachers completed ratings of symptom-induced @entity73 , and parents completed a background questionnaire for a consecutively referred sample of primarily male (81  %) 6-to-12  year olds with @entity72 ( @entity72 ) (N   =   221). Some clinical correlates (e.g., IQ   <   70, maternal level of education, pregnancy complications, current use of psychotropic medication, season of birth) were associated with @entity73 , whereas others were correlated with only a few syndromes (e.g., gender, co-morbid medical conditions) or were not related to @entity73 (e.g., family psychopathology). There was little convergence in findings for parents' versus teachers' ratings. Some clinical correlates (e.g., season of birth, current psychotropic medication, maternal education) were unique predictors of three or more disorders. Pregnancy complications were uniquely associated with social @entity148 and @entity25192 symptom-induced impairment. IQ was a unique predictor of @entity161 , @entity72 , @entity952 symptom-induced impairment. @entity1 whose mothers had relatively fewer years of education had greater odds for symptom-induced @entity73 , @entity308 , @entity146 , and @entity162 and greater number of impairing conditions. Season of birth was the most robust correlate of symptom-induced impairment as rated by teachers but not by parents. @entity1 born in fall evidenced higher rates of co-occurring @entity146 and @entity72 symptom-induced @entity73 of impairing conditions. Many variables previously linked with symptom severity are also correlated with impairment.

title: Clinical Correlates of Co-occurring Psychiatric and @entity72 ( @entity72 ) Symptom-Induced Impairment in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'aggression']

entities_list: @entity25192 :: ('MESH:D012557', 'Disease') :: ['schizoid personality']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment and total number', 'impairment in social anxiety', 'impairment in any disorder', 'impairment for several disorders', 'impairment for DSM-IV-referenced syndromes']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['oppositional defiant disorder']

answer: @entity72 :: (MESH:D002659,Disease) :: ['ASD']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity146 symptom severity and impairment are overlapping but nevertheless distinct illness parameters, little research has examined whether variables found to be associated with the severity are also correlated with symptom-induced impairment. Parents and teachers completed ratings of symptom-induced @entity73 , and parents completed a background questionnaire for a consecutively referred sample of primarily male (81  %) 6-to-12  year olds with @entity72 ( @entity72 ) (N   =   221). Some clinical correlates (e.g., IQ   <   70, maternal level of education, pregnancy complications, current use of psychotropic medication, season of birth) were associated with @entity73 , whereas others were correlated with only a few syndromes (e.g., gender, co-morbid medical conditions) or were not related to @entity73 (e.g., family psychopathology). There was little convergence in findings for parents' versus teachers' ratings. Some clinical correlates (e.g., season of birth, current psychotropic medication, maternal education) were unique predictors of three or more disorders. Pregnancy complications were uniquely associated with social @entity148 and @entity25192 symptom-induced impairment. IQ was a unique predictor of @entity161 , @entity72 , @entity952 symptom-induced impairment. @entity1 whose mothers had relatively fewer years of education had greater odds for symptom-induced @entity73 , @entity308 , @entity146 , and @entity162 and greater number of impairing conditions. Season of birth was the most robust correlate of symptom-induced impairment as rated by teachers but not by parents. @entity1 born in fall evidenced higher rates of co-occurring @entity146 and @entity72 symptom-induced @entity73 of impairing conditions. Many variables previously linked with symptom severity are also correlated with impairment.

title: Clinical Correlates of Co-occurring Psychiatric and XXXX ( @entity72 ) Symptom-Induced Impairment in @entity1 with @entity72 .

answer: @entity72 :: (MESH:D002659,Disease) :: ['Autism Spectrum Disorder']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity146 symptom severity and impairment are overlapping but nevertheless distinct illness parameters, little research has examined whether variables found to be associated with the severity are also correlated with symptom-induced impairment. Parents and teachers completed ratings of symptom-induced @entity73 , and parents completed a background questionnaire for a consecutively referred sample of primarily male (81  %) 6-to-12  year olds with @entity72 ( @entity72 ) (N   =   221). Some clinical correlates (e.g., IQ   <   70, maternal level of education, pregnancy complications, current use of psychotropic medication, season of birth) were associated with @entity73 , whereas others were correlated with only a few syndromes (e.g., gender, co-morbid medical conditions) or were not related to @entity73 (e.g., family psychopathology). There was little convergence in findings for parents' versus teachers' ratings. Some clinical correlates (e.g., season of birth, current psychotropic medication, maternal education) were unique predictors of three or more disorders. Pregnancy complications were uniquely associated with social @entity148 and @entity25192 symptom-induced impairment. IQ was a unique predictor of @entity161 , @entity72 , @entity952 symptom-induced impairment. @entity1 whose mothers had relatively fewer years of education had greater odds for symptom-induced @entity73 , @entity308 , @entity146 , and @entity162 and greater number of impairing conditions. Season of birth was the most robust correlate of symptom-induced impairment as rated by teachers but not by parents. @entity1 born in fall evidenced higher rates of co-occurring @entity146 and @entity72 symptom-induced @entity73 of impairing conditions. Many variables previously linked with symptom severity are also correlated with impairment.

title: Clinical Correlates of Co-occurring Psychiatric and @entity72 ( XXXX ) Symptom-Induced Impairment in @entity1 with @entity72 .

answer: @entity72 :: (MESH:D002659,Disease) :: ['ASD']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity146 symptom severity and impairment are overlapping but nevertheless distinct illness parameters, little research has examined whether variables found to be associated with the severity are also correlated with symptom-induced impairment. Parents and teachers completed ratings of symptom-induced @entity73 , and parents completed a background questionnaire for a consecutively referred sample of primarily male (81  %) 6-to-12  year olds with @entity72 ( @entity72 ) (N   =   221). Some clinical correlates (e.g., IQ   <   70, maternal level of education, pregnancy complications, current use of psychotropic medication, season of birth) were associated with @entity73 , whereas others were correlated with only a few syndromes (e.g., gender, co-morbid medical conditions) or were not related to @entity73 (e.g., family psychopathology). There was little convergence in findings for parents' versus teachers' ratings. Some clinical correlates (e.g., season of birth, current psychotropic medication, maternal education) were unique predictors of three or more disorders. Pregnancy complications were uniquely associated with social @entity148 and @entity25192 symptom-induced impairment. IQ was a unique predictor of @entity161 , @entity72 , @entity952 symptom-induced impairment. @entity1 whose mothers had relatively fewer years of education had greater odds for symptom-induced @entity73 , @entity308 , @entity146 , and @entity162 and greater number of impairing conditions. Season of birth was the most robust correlate of symptom-induced impairment as rated by teachers but not by parents. @entity1 born in fall evidenced higher rates of co-occurring @entity146 and @entity72 symptom-induced @entity73 of impairing conditions. Many variables previously linked with symptom severity are also correlated with impairment.

title: Clinical Correlates of Co-occurring Psychiatric and @entity72 ( @entity72 ) Symptom-Induced Impairment in XXXX with @entity72 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity191 ( @entity191 ), freezing of gait ( @entity6556 ) is associated with widespread functional and structural gray matter changes throughout the brain. Previous study of freezing-related white matter changes was restricted to brainstem and cerebellar locomotor tracts. This study was undertaken to determine the spatial distribution of white matter damage associated with @entity6556 by combining whole brain and striatofrontal seed-based diffusion tensor imaging. Diffusion-weighted images were collected in 26 @entity191 @entity1 and 16 age-matched controls. @entity191 groups with (n   =   11) and without freezing of gait (n   =   15) were matched for age and disease severity. We applied tract-based spatial statistics to compare fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity of white matter structure across the whole brain between groups. Probabilistic tractography was used to evaluate fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity of key subcortico-cortical tracts. Tract-based spatial statistics revealed decreased fractional anisotropy in @entity191 with @entity6556 in bilateral cerebellar and superior @entity2686 . Increased mean diffusivity values were apparent in the right internal capsule, superior frontal cortex, anterior corona radiata, the @entity9479 , and cerebellum. Tractography showed consistent white matter alterations in striatofrontal tracts through the putamen, caudate, pallidum, subthalamic nucleus, and in connections of the cerebellar peduncle with subthalamic nucleus and pedunculopontine nucleus bilaterally. We conclude that @entity6556 is associated with diffuse white matter damage involving major cortico-cortical, corticofugal motor, and several striatofrontal tracts in addition to previously described cerebello-pontine connectivity changes. These distributed @entity62 may contribute to the motor and non-motor correlates of @entity6556 .    2015 International Parkinson and @entity717 Society.

title: XXXX associated with freezing of gait in @entity191 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Movement Disorder']

entities_list: @entity2686 :: ('MESH:D003027', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal fascicle clusters']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity9479 :: ('MESH:D013786', 'Disease') :: ['left anterior thalamic radiation']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter abnormalities']

answer: @entity62 :: (MESH:D056784,Disease) :: ['Microstructural changes in white matter']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity191 ( @entity191 ), freezing of gait ( @entity6556 ) is associated with widespread functional and structural gray matter changes throughout the brain. Previous study of freezing-related white matter changes was restricted to brainstem and cerebellar locomotor tracts. This study was undertaken to determine the spatial distribution of white matter damage associated with @entity6556 by combining whole brain and striatofrontal seed-based diffusion tensor imaging. Diffusion-weighted images were collected in 26 @entity191 @entity1 and 16 age-matched controls. @entity191 groups with (n   =   11) and without freezing of gait (n   =   15) were matched for age and disease severity. We applied tract-based spatial statistics to compare fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity of white matter structure across the whole brain between groups. Probabilistic tractography was used to evaluate fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity of key subcortico-cortical tracts. Tract-based spatial statistics revealed decreased fractional anisotropy in @entity191 with @entity6556 in bilateral cerebellar and superior @entity2686 . Increased mean diffusivity values were apparent in the right internal capsule, superior frontal cortex, anterior corona radiata, the @entity9479 , and cerebellum. Tractography showed consistent white matter alterations in striatofrontal tracts through the putamen, caudate, pallidum, subthalamic nucleus, and in connections of the cerebellar peduncle with subthalamic nucleus and pedunculopontine nucleus bilaterally. We conclude that @entity6556 is associated with diffuse white matter damage involving major cortico-cortical, corticofugal motor, and several striatofrontal tracts in addition to previously described cerebello-pontine connectivity changes. These distributed @entity62 may contribute to the motor and non-motor correlates of @entity6556 .    2015 International Parkinson and @entity717 Society.

title: @entity62 associated with freezing of gait in XXXX .

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To validate imaging parameters from diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with immunohistology and to non-invasively assess microstructure of experimental @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Animals bearing @entity0 were imaged in a clinical 1.5T MRI scanner. HASTE sequences were performed to calculate apparent diffusion coefficients. Saturation recovery turbo FLASH sequences were conducted while infusing 0.1mmol/l @entity7241 for dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to quantify parameters amplitude A and exchange rate constant kep. After imaging, bone @entity3 were analyzed immunohistologically. RESULTS: We found correlations of the apparent diffusion coefficients from diffusion-weighted imaging with @entity5 cellularity as assessed with cell nuclei staining. Histological vessel maturity was correlated negatively with parameters A and kep from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. @entity5 size correlated inversely with cell density and vessel permeability as well as positively with mean vessel calibers. Parameters from the rim of bone @entity3 differed significantly from values of the center. CONCLUSION: In vivo diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in experimental bone @entity3 provide information about @entity5 cellularity and vascularity and correlate well with immunohistology.

title: Diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of experimental XXXX - A correlation study with histology.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer bone metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer bone metastases']


abstract: @entity382 after chronic @entity167 consumption results from an increase in cell size and not in cell number. About 50--60% of the increase in liver weight is accounted for by an increase in intracellular water, while extracellular water remains constant. Therefore, a substantial reduction in the ratio of extracellular to intracellular water occurs. Intracellular @entity972 can osmotically account for 40--50% of the excess water retained in the hepatocytes. It is proposed that an increase in hepatocyte size after chronic @entity167 consumption compresses vascular-sinusoidal pathways. This results, after a threshold in cell size is exceeded, in increased intrahepatic and portal pressure. Possible factors responsible for the threshold are proposed. By applying the concept that animal cells act as osmometers, a new in vitro model has been developed to study the relationship between cell enlargement and portal pressure. In this model, the existence of a threshold and the generation of portal @entity101 associated with hepatocyte enlargement have been demonstrated. In @entity1 with @entity5881 , a threshold in hepatocyte size enlargement (1600--1700 micrometer 2) before pressures were increased was also observed. In these @entity1 , a strong correlation was also found between hepatocyte size and intrahepatic pressure. The same correlation occurs regardless of the presence or absence of @entity82 , therefore suggesting that a major determinant of portal @entity101 in @entity82 is cell size and not the existence of nodules of fibrous septa. The higher portal pressures found in cirrhotics may be explained by the fact that these @entity1 have larger hepatocytes.

title: XXXX -induced @entity382 : pathogenesis and role in the production of portal @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatomegaly']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5881 :: ('MESH:D008108', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['Alcohol']


abstract: @entity382 after chronic @entity167 consumption results from an increase in cell size and not in cell number. About 50--60% of the increase in liver weight is accounted for by an increase in intracellular water, while extracellular water remains constant. Therefore, a substantial reduction in the ratio of extracellular to intracellular water occurs. Intracellular @entity972 can osmotically account for 40--50% of the excess water retained in the hepatocytes. It is proposed that an increase in hepatocyte size after chronic @entity167 consumption compresses vascular-sinusoidal pathways. This results, after a threshold in cell size is exceeded, in increased intrahepatic and portal pressure. Possible factors responsible for the threshold are proposed. By applying the concept that animal cells act as osmometers, a new in vitro model has been developed to study the relationship between cell enlargement and portal pressure. In this model, the existence of a threshold and the generation of portal @entity101 associated with hepatocyte enlargement have been demonstrated. In @entity1 with @entity5881 , a threshold in hepatocyte size enlargement (1600--1700 micrometer 2) before pressures were increased was also observed. In these @entity1 , a strong correlation was also found between hepatocyte size and intrahepatic pressure. The same correlation occurs regardless of the presence or absence of @entity82 , therefore suggesting that a major determinant of portal @entity101 in @entity82 is cell size and not the existence of nodules of fibrous septa. The higher portal pressures found in cirrhotics may be explained by the fact that these @entity1 have larger hepatocytes.

title: @entity167 -induced XXXX : pathogenesis and role in the production of portal @entity101 .

answer: @entity382 :: (MESH:D006529,Disease) :: ['hepatomegaly']


abstract: @entity382 after chronic @entity167 consumption results from an increase in cell size and not in cell number. About 50--60% of the increase in liver weight is accounted for by an increase in intracellular water, while extracellular water remains constant. Therefore, a substantial reduction in the ratio of extracellular to intracellular water occurs. Intracellular @entity972 can osmotically account for 40--50% of the excess water retained in the hepatocytes. It is proposed that an increase in hepatocyte size after chronic @entity167 consumption compresses vascular-sinusoidal pathways. This results, after a threshold in cell size is exceeded, in increased intrahepatic and portal pressure. Possible factors responsible for the threshold are proposed. By applying the concept that animal cells act as osmometers, a new in vitro model has been developed to study the relationship between cell enlargement and portal pressure. In this model, the existence of a threshold and the generation of portal @entity101 associated with hepatocyte enlargement have been demonstrated. In @entity1 with @entity5881 , a threshold in hepatocyte size enlargement (1600--1700 micrometer 2) before pressures were increased was also observed. In these @entity1 , a strong correlation was also found between hepatocyte size and intrahepatic pressure. The same correlation occurs regardless of the presence or absence of @entity82 , therefore suggesting that a major determinant of portal @entity101 in @entity82 is cell size and not the existence of nodules of fibrous septa. The higher portal pressures found in cirrhotics may be explained by the fact that these @entity1 have larger hepatocytes.

title: @entity167 -induced @entity382 : pathogenesis and role in the production of portal XXXX .

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: This retrospective review of 136 @entity1 with idiopathic @entity882 assesses the prognostic significance of various presenting parameters and the effect of therapy. Initial haemoglobin, white cell count, actual platelet count, @entity381 , @entity382 and @entity3329 had no significant effect upon the final outcome. Cases of acute I.T.P. were associated with a higher incidence of preceding infection, a shorter history of @entity548 and a preponderance of males. The presence of greater than 20 per cent lymphocytes in the bone marrow was associated with a longer time to achieve a normal platelet count (p = 0.05). @entity134 therapy shortened the time for acute cases of I.T.P. to obtain a normal platelet count (p = 0.05), but had no effect on long-term prognosis. Chronicity occurred in 25 @entity1 (18%) and nine of these had spontaneous remissions. Immunosuppressive therapy was ineffective, but nine out of 12 @entity1 were cured by splenectomy. Mortality was 0.7 per cent (one death) and general morbidity was low.

title: XXXX in childhood. Edinburgh experience 1962-82.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity382 :: ('MESH:D006529', 'Disease') :: ['hepatomegaly']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic thrombocytopenia']