abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chromosome 14 open reading frame 166 ( @entity71856 ) contributes to regulation of centrosome architecture, transcription initiation, and RNA elongation and processing. However, the role of @entity71856 in @entity1 @entity5 remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinicopathological significance of @entity71856 in @entity189 ( @entity189 ). Real-time PCR and Western blotting analyses were employed to examine @entity71856 expression in immortalized primary nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (NP69), six @entity189 cell lines, three paired @entity5 samples and the adjacent noncancerous tissues from the same @entity1 , and three additional @entity5 samples. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine @entity71856 protein expression in archived @entity982 -embedded @entity5 samples from 109 @entity1 with clinicopathologically confirmed @entity189 . The association of @entity71856 expression with clinicopathological features and survival outcomes was assessed. @entity71856 messenger RNA and protein expression were upregulated in @entity189 cell lines and @entity1 @entity5 tissues compared to NP69 cells and noncancerous tissue samples, respectively. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed 104/109 (95.4  %) of the @entity189 tissue samples expressed @entity71856 . High expression of @entity71856 (cutoff score >6) was significantly associated with gender (P   =   0.016), clinical stage (P   =   0.010), T classification (P   =   0.013), N classification (P   =   0.029), distant @entity3 (P   <   0.001), vital status (P   =   0.001), and treatment method (P   =   0.028; chi-square test). High @entity71856 expression was associated with significantly shorter @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and disease-free survival (DFS) than low @entity71856 expression. Multivariate analysis revealed @entity71856 was an independent prognostic indicator of @entity1349 and DFS in all @entity1 (P   =   0.046, P   =   0.006) and was associated with poor @entity1349 and DFS in the subgroups with advanced clinical stage (P   =   0.037, P   =   0.001), lymph node @entity3 (P   =   0.001, P   <   0.001), and @entity3214 (P   =   0.005, P   =   0.001), respectively. @entity71856 is overexpressed and may represent a novel prognostic factor in @entity189 .

title: Overexpression of chromosome 14 open reading frame 166 correlates with disease progression and poorer prognosis in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['NPC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chromosome 14 open reading frame 166 ( @entity71856 ) contributes to regulation of centrosome architecture, transcription initiation, and RNA elongation and processing. However, the role of @entity71856 in @entity1 @entity5 remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinicopathological significance of @entity71856 in @entity189 ( @entity189 ). Real-time PCR and Western blotting analyses were employed to examine @entity71856 expression in immortalized primary nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (NP69), six @entity189 cell lines, three paired @entity5 samples and the adjacent noncancerous tissues from the same @entity1 , and three additional @entity5 samples. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine @entity71856 protein expression in archived @entity982 -embedded @entity5 samples from 109 @entity1 with clinicopathologically confirmed @entity189 . The association of @entity71856 expression with clinicopathological features and survival outcomes was assessed. @entity71856 messenger RNA and protein expression were upregulated in @entity189 cell lines and @entity1 @entity5 tissues compared to NP69 cells and noncancerous tissue samples, respectively. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed 104/109 (95.4  %) of the @entity189 tissue samples expressed @entity71856 . High expression of @entity71856 (cutoff score >6) was significantly associated with gender (P   =   0.016), clinical stage (P   =   0.010), T classification (P   =   0.013), N classification (P   =   0.029), distant @entity3 (P   <   0.001), vital status (P   =   0.001), and treatment method (P   =   0.028; chi-square test). High @entity71856 expression was associated with significantly shorter @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and disease-free survival (DFS) than low @entity71856 expression. Multivariate analysis revealed @entity71856 was an independent prognostic indicator of @entity1349 and DFS in all @entity1 (P   =   0.046, P   =   0.006) and was associated with poor @entity1349 and DFS in the subgroups with advanced clinical stage (P   =   0.037, P   =   0.001), lymph node @entity3 (P   =   0.001, P   <   0.001), and @entity3214 (P   =   0.005, P   =   0.001), respectively. @entity71856 is overexpressed and may represent a novel prognostic factor in @entity189 .

title: Overexpression of chromosome 14 open reading frame 166 correlates with disease progression and poorer prognosis in XXXX @entity189 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity11534 is a rare manifestation of chronic GvHD (cGvHD). No risk factors or laboratory changes associated with this syndrome have been recognized to date, and outcomes have not been described in a large series. We searched our institutional database for @entity1 undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant identified as having @entity11534 or @entity2396 . Laboratory studies from prior to diagnosis, at diagnosis and post diagnosis of @entity11534 , as well as outcomes from invasive procedures were included. Twenty @entity1 met criteria for cGvHD-associated @entity11534 , and all but three @entity1 had a prior diagnosis of cGvHD. Fifteen were male, and the complication occurred in the setting of immunosuppressant taper in 12 cases. Ten @entity1 required invasive interventions, including pericardial window or stripping. A significant increase in blood monocytes and decrease in serum albumin were identified at diagnosis compared with pre-diagnosis. Out of 20 @entity1 , 17 were treated with @entity230 , with 12 demonstrating a complete response. These data suggest that cGvHD-associated @entity11534 occurs mainly in the setting of treated as opposed to de novo cGvHD and biomarkers associated with the syndrome include a decrease in albumin and an increase in absolute monocyte count. Outcome data from larger series are required to better understand the optimal management of this rare complication.Bone Marrow Transplantation advance online publication, 11 May 2015; doi:10.1038/bmt.2015.105.

title: Chronic GvHD-associated @entity11534 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity11534 :: ('MESH:D012700', 'Disease') :: ['Serositis', 'serositis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity2396 :: (MESH:D010493,Disease) :: ['pericarditis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity11534 is a rare manifestation of chronic GvHD (cGvHD). No risk factors or laboratory changes associated with this syndrome have been recognized to date, and outcomes have not been described in a large series. We searched our institutional database for @entity1 undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant identified as having @entity11534 or @entity2396 . Laboratory studies from prior to diagnosis, at diagnosis and post diagnosis of @entity11534 , as well as outcomes from invasive procedures were included. Twenty @entity1 met criteria for cGvHD-associated @entity11534 , and all but three @entity1 had a prior diagnosis of cGvHD. Fifteen were male, and the complication occurred in the setting of immunosuppressant taper in 12 cases. Ten @entity1 required invasive interventions, including pericardial window or stripping. A significant increase in blood monocytes and decrease in serum albumin were identified at diagnosis compared with pre-diagnosis. Out of 20 @entity1 , 17 were treated with @entity230 , with 12 demonstrating a complete response. These data suggest that cGvHD-associated @entity11534 occurs mainly in the setting of treated as opposed to de novo cGvHD and biomarkers associated with the syndrome include a decrease in albumin and an increase in absolute monocyte count. Outcome data from larger series are required to better understand the optimal management of this rare complication.Bone Marrow Transplantation advance online publication, 11 May 2015; doi:10.1038/bmt.2015.105.

title: Chronic GvHD-associated XXXX and @entity2396 .

answer: @entity11534 :: (MESH:D012700,Disease) :: ['serositis']


abstract: @entity1 basophils are an accessible @entity1 of the @entity1 @entity56 . There is natural variation in various functional endpoints and in signaling molecule expression but there has been only a limited effort to place this information in the context of mRNA expression profiles. This study examined the hypothesis that unique mRNA signatures could be identified during the response of @entity1 basophils to several known forms of stimulation. Highly purified @entity1 basophils were cultured in vitro and exposed to @entity2772 , @entity225 , NGF, @entity6889 , @entity1199 , anti-IgE Ab, or @entity5038 and the mRNA profiles examined by microarrays. The response to @entity2772 and anti-IgE Ab were examined on 2-3 time frames and the response to @entity2772 examined at several concentrations. In addition, the mRNA signatures of 3 different potential phenotypes were examined. These included basophils with the so-called non-releaser phenotype, and basophils from atopic and non-atopic subjects. Given the role of @entity2772 in basophil maturation and the known profound effects on mature basophil function, it was not surprising that @entity2772 showed the greatest influence on the basophil transcriptome. However, it also became apparent that the act of isolating and culturing basophils was sufficient to induce a large number of changes in the transcriptome, despite high viability and recovery. These "culture-effect" changes dominated the changes in mRNA profiles induced by other stimuli. Unique signatures for anti-IgE antibody and @entity6889 could be identified although the number of gene transcripts (6-30) that were unique to these two stimuli was very limited. There were no apparent unique profiles for @entity225 , NGF, @entity1199 or @entity5038 . Therefore, a potential tool for screening basophil phenotypes was limited to changes that could be induced by @entity2772 ), @entity6889 and anti-IgE Ab.

title: Expression profiling of XXXX basophils: modulation by cytokines and secretagogues.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'participant', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reaction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity957 ( @entity957 ) is the most common @entity213 ( @entity213 ) with @entity3 and @entity5 recurrence resulting in 90  % of @entity5 associated mortality. @entity2247 , an inflammatory biomarker, has been shown to play a significant role in tumorigenesis of @entity957 . To study the expression of @entity2247 in @entity957 by immunohistochemistry and investigate its association with the clinicopathological parameters including @entity1 survival. A cross sectional study was carried out in 75 histologically confirmed cases of @entity957 . @entity2247 expression was evaluated by indirect streptavidin biotin method. The expression was semi-quantitatively assessed using established criteria. The expression profile of @entity2247 was correlated with the clinicopathological details like @entity5 size, regional lymphnode @entity3 , distant @entity3 , clinical stage, local recurrence of @entity5 , histological grade, and survival of @entity1 . Chi square and Kaplan Meier statistical tests were applied for assessing this association. @entity2247 expression was absent in normal oral mucosa. Over expression of @entity2247 was seen in 58 out of 75 specimens of @entity957 . Overexpression of @entity2247 was significantly associated with the lymphnode involvement, histological grade, local recurrence of @entity5 and @entity1 survival. @entity2247 expression represents an important biomarker of prognostic significance that may be used to identify a subset of @entity1 at high risk and to predict @entity1 survival.

title: Cyclooxygenase-2 - An Imperative Prognostic Biomarker in XXXX - An Immunohistochemical Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OSCC', 'Oral squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', 'HNSCC']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: The most common long-term complication of tracheotomy is the benign @entity850 of the @entity825 , which is described for up to 20% of the cases. Typically, the @entity850 occurs after decannulation in the context of secondary wound healing. This study examined whether the closure of the tracheostomy by surgical procedure reduces @entity850 . Method: With the help of our clinical database a retrospective analysis of 401 surgical tracheotomies was performed. Variables that were recorded were the indication for tracheotomy, the clinical course and complications occurred. Results: 155 @entity1 were successfully decannulated. In 92 of these @entity1 the tracheostomy was closed by a surgical procedure, in 63 cases the closure occurred spontaneously by wound healing. After decannulation 3% (n=3) of the surgically closed and 22% (n=14) of the spontaneously closed tracheostomies developed a symptomatic @entity6184 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Secondary wound healing of the tracheostomy often leads to symptomatic @entity6184 . The incidence of symptomatic @entity6184 was significantly reduced applying closure of the tracheostomy by surgical procedure.

title: [Reduction of Tracheotomy Associated XXXX by Surgical Closure of the Tracheostomy].

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity6184 :: ('MESH:D014135', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal stenosis']

answer: @entity6184 :: (MESH:D014135,Disease) :: ['Tracheal Stenosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are pleiotropic growth factors. This paper investigates the connection between the expression pattern of BMPs in kidney allograft tissue versus the cause of allograft dysfunction. METHODS: The expression pattern of @entity1841 , @entity13062 , @entity11673 and @entity12017 in 50 kidney allografts obtained by transplant nephrectomy is investigated. Immunohistochemical staining is semiquantitatively evaluated for intensity to identify the expression pattern of BMPs in normal and allograft kidney tissues. RESULTS: The expression of @entity13062 is unique between different tubular cell types in grafts without signs of @entity82 . This effect is not found in specimens with high grades of @entity82 and @entity194 (IFTA). In samples with IFTA grades II and III, the @entity12017 expression is reduced in a significant fraction of specimens relative to those without signs of IFTA. The expression pattern of @entity11673 indicates that its activation may be triggered by the act of transplantation and subsequent reperfusion injury. The expression of @entity1841 is strong in all types of tubular epithelial cells and does not differ between the compared allografts and control kidney specimens. CONCLUSION: The intensity and expression pattern of @entity13062 , @entity11673 and @entity12017 in transplanted kidney tissue are found to be dependent upon the length of the transplanted period, the clinical indication for transplant nephrectomy and signs of IFTA in kidney tissue.

title: Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins 4, 6 and 7 is downregulated in kidney allografts with XXXX and @entity194 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis', 'fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['tubular atrophy']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['interstitial fibrosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are pleiotropic growth factors. This paper investigates the connection between the expression pattern of BMPs in kidney allograft tissue versus the cause of allograft dysfunction. METHODS: The expression pattern of @entity1841 , @entity13062 , @entity11673 and @entity12017 in 50 kidney allografts obtained by transplant nephrectomy is investigated. Immunohistochemical staining is semiquantitatively evaluated for intensity to identify the expression pattern of BMPs in normal and allograft kidney tissues. RESULTS: The expression of @entity13062 is unique between different tubular cell types in grafts without signs of @entity82 . This effect is not found in specimens with high grades of @entity82 and @entity194 (IFTA). In samples with IFTA grades II and III, the @entity12017 expression is reduced in a significant fraction of specimens relative to those without signs of IFTA. The expression pattern of @entity11673 indicates that its activation may be triggered by the act of transplantation and subsequent reperfusion injury. The expression of @entity1841 is strong in all types of tubular epithelial cells and does not differ between the compared allografts and control kidney specimens. CONCLUSION: The intensity and expression pattern of @entity13062 , @entity11673 and @entity12017 in transplanted kidney tissue are found to be dependent upon the length of the transplanted period, the clinical indication for transplant nephrectomy and signs of IFTA in kidney tissue.

title: Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins 4, 6 and 7 is downregulated in kidney allografts with @entity82 and XXXX .

answer: @entity194 :: (MESH:D001284,Disease) :: ['tubular atrophy']


abstract: Effects of @entity8854 ( @entity367 ), the neurotransmitter released by photoreceptors, on isolated cat bipolar cells were examined. Membrane currents of bipolar cells were recorded by the patch-clamp technique in a conventional whole-cell recording configuration using pipettes containing 1 mM @entity6708 , which has been known to activate a cationic current sensitive to @entity367 in ON-type bipolar cells. ON-type bipolar cells (depolarized by light in in situ) and OFF-type bipolar cells (hyperpolarized by light) were identified by their response polarity to @entity367 . When the whole-cell configuration was established, ON-type bipolar cells showed a steady inward current which was suppressed by @entity367 , consistent with the response polarity observed in in situ recordings. In contrast, OFF-type cells did not show a steady current during the recordings. However, they responded to @entity367 with an increase in cationic conductance. Among recorded cells, rod-driven bipolar cells were identified by their immunoreactivity to anti-protein kinase C (PKC-IR) antibody. Examination of PKC-IR revealed that ON-type bipolar cells included both rod- and cone-driven bipolar cells, while OFF-type cells were all cone-driven bipolar cells. The @entity6708 -activated current observed in ON-type cells was accompanied by a change in the current fluctuation due to the opening and closing of underlying channels. Fluctuation analysis gave a unitary conductance value of 13 pS. In half of the cells examined, maximum open probability reached almost 100%. The @entity6708 -activated channel in bipolar cells seems novel, fundamentally different from those found in photoreceptor cells or olfactory receptor cells.

title: XXXX -induced responses and @entity6708 -activated channels in three subtypes of retinal bipolar cells dissociated from the cat.

entities_list: @entity8854 :: ('CHEBI:29985', 'Chemical') :: ['L-glutamate']

answer: @entity8854 :: (CHEBI:29985,Chemical) :: ['L-glutamate']


abstract: Effects of @entity8854 ( @entity367 ), the neurotransmitter released by photoreceptors, on isolated cat bipolar cells were examined. Membrane currents of bipolar cells were recorded by the patch-clamp technique in a conventional whole-cell recording configuration using pipettes containing 1 mM @entity6708 , which has been known to activate a cationic current sensitive to @entity367 in ON-type bipolar cells. ON-type bipolar cells (depolarized by light in in situ) and OFF-type bipolar cells (hyperpolarized by light) were identified by their response polarity to @entity367 . When the whole-cell configuration was established, ON-type bipolar cells showed a steady inward current which was suppressed by @entity367 , consistent with the response polarity observed in in situ recordings. In contrast, OFF-type cells did not show a steady current during the recordings. However, they responded to @entity367 with an increase in cationic conductance. Among recorded cells, rod-driven bipolar cells were identified by their immunoreactivity to anti-protein kinase C (PKC-IR) antibody. Examination of PKC-IR revealed that ON-type bipolar cells included both rod- and cone-driven bipolar cells, while OFF-type cells were all cone-driven bipolar cells. The @entity6708 -activated current observed in ON-type cells was accompanied by a change in the current fluctuation due to the opening and closing of underlying channels. Fluctuation analysis gave a unitary conductance value of 13 pS. In half of the cells examined, maximum open probability reached almost 100%. The @entity6708 -activated channel in bipolar cells seems novel, fundamentally different from those found in photoreceptor cells or olfactory receptor cells.

title: @entity8854 -induced responses and XXXX -activated channels in three subtypes of retinal bipolar cells dissociated from the cat.

answer: @entity6708 :: (CHEBI:16356,Chemical) :: ['cGMP']


abstract: Telehealth has become a very important tool that allows the monitoring of @entity712 @entity1 in a home environment. However, little is known about the effect that such monitoring systems have on @entity1 ' compliance, evolution and self-care behaviour. In particular, the effect that the selected user interface has on these factors is unknown. This study aims to investigate this, and to determine some practicalities that must be considered when designing and implementing a telehealth programme for @entity712 . To achieve this, daily measurements of blood pressure, pulse, SpO2 and weight were collected from 534 @entity1 suffering from @entity712 . In addition, they were asked to fill in the European @entity712 self-care behaviour scale questionnaire and the EQ-5D quality of life questionnaire, before and after the monitoring period. Two telehealth systems were used, the Motiva platform provided by Philips and the standalone unit provided by Docobo, the Doc@Home system. Significant differences were found between both systems concerning the compliance and adherence of @entity1 . Moreover, a general, positive effect of telehealth was identified due to the fact that @entity1 showed an increased self-awareness when managing their condition. These findings are supported by behavioural changes and a better understanding of @entity712 from the @entity1 ' perspective.

title: Telehealth on XXXX : results of the Recap project.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The national database of @entity159 ( @entity159 ) in Thailand is limited in terms of the characteristics of the demographics, outcome, and prognostic factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively explored national data in Thailand for reimbursement of all adult @entity1 with @entity159 admitted in the fiscal year 2004-2012. @entity1 with @entity159 were diagnosed and searched based on ICD 10 (G41) from the national database of the Universal Health Coverage Insurance office. RESULTS: There were 12,367 @entity1 with @entity159 . The average age was 48.14years, and 8119 @entity1 were males (65.7%). At discharge, 75.2% of @entity1 were improved, while 16.4% were not improved, and in-hospital mortality rate was 8.4%. The first three most common comorbid conditions were @entity101 (1790 @entity1 , 14.5%), @entity6 (1064 @entity1 , 8.6%), and previous @entity64 (819 @entity1 , 6.6%). The common complications were @entity1576 (3990 @entity1 , 32.3%), @entity55 (1201 @entity1 , 9.7%) and @entity295 (876 @entity1 , 7.1%). The mean (SD) hospital stay was 5.48 (11.44) days. @entity1 with @entity159 with age over 60years, female @entity1 , and @entity1 at primary care hospitals had higher proportions of poor outcomes at 36.1%, 39.6%, and 40.9%. Out of 11 comorbid conditions, six of them were significantly associated with poor outcomes. Additionally, 5 complications and two procedures were significant factors of poor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Factors associated with poor outcome in admitted @entity1 with @entity159 by the national data were age, gender, hospital level, comorbid conditions, complications of @entity159 , and procedural intervention. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled " @entity159 ".

title: Incidences and outcomes of XXXX : A 9-year longitudinal national study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus', 'SE', 'Status Epilepticus']

answer: @entity159 :: (MESH:D013226,Disease) :: ['status epilepticus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity19316 ( @entity8312 ) is an active compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Chuanxiong. Previously, we have shown that @entity8312 induces @entity1 SH-SY5Y @entity521 cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype by targeting topoisomeraseIIb (TopoIIb), a protein implicated in neural development. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate whether the transcriptional factors @entity3419 ( @entity3419 ) and nuclear factor Y (NF-Y), in addition to the upstream signaling pathways @entity1366 and @entity10412 / @entity584 , are involved in modulating TopoIIb expression in the neuronal differentiation process. We demonstrated that SH-SY5Y cells treated with @entity8312 (80 M) terminally differentiated into neurons, characterized by increased neuronal markers, tubulin bIII and @entity14383 ( @entity14383 ), and increased neurite outgrowth, with no negative effect on cell survival. @entity8312 also increased the expression of TopoIIb, which was accompanied by increased expression of @entity3419 in the differentiated neuron-like cells, whereas NF-Y protein levels remained unchanged following the differentiation progression. We also found that the phosphorylation level of @entity584 , but not @entity1366 , was significantly increased as a result of @entity8312 stimulation. Furthermore, as established by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, activation of the @entity10412 / @entity584 pathway increased @entity3419 binding to the promoter of the TopoIIb gene. Blockage of @entity10412 / @entity584 was shown to lead to subsequent inhibition of TopoIIb expression and neuronal differentiation. Collectively, the results indicate that the @entity10412 / @entity584 / @entity3419 /TopoIIb signaling pathway is necessary for @entity8312 -induced neuronal differentiation. Our findings offer mechanistic insights into understanding the upstream regulation of TopoIIb in neuronal differentiation, and suggest potential applications of @entity8312 both in neuroscience research and clinical practice to treat relevant @entity16 .

title: @entity19316 induces SH-SY5Y cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype through activation of the @entity10412 / @entity584 / XXXX /TopoIIb pathway.

entities_list: @entity19316 :: ('MESH:C017953', 'Chemical') :: ['Tetramethylpyrazine']

entities_list: @entity14383 :: ('4133', 'Gene') :: ['MAP2', 'microtubule associated protein 2']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['diseases of the nervous system']

entities_list: @entity3419 :: ('6667', 'Gene') :: ['Sp1', 'specificity protein 1']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity3419 :: (6667,Gene) :: ['Sp1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity19316 ( @entity8312 ) is an active compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Chuanxiong. Previously, we have shown that @entity8312 induces @entity1 SH-SY5Y @entity521 cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype by targeting topoisomeraseIIb (TopoIIb), a protein implicated in neural development. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate whether the transcriptional factors @entity3419 ( @entity3419 ) and nuclear factor Y (NF-Y), in addition to the upstream signaling pathways @entity1366 and @entity10412 / @entity584 , are involved in modulating TopoIIb expression in the neuronal differentiation process. We demonstrated that SH-SY5Y cells treated with @entity8312 (80 M) terminally differentiated into neurons, characterized by increased neuronal markers, tubulin bIII and @entity14383 ( @entity14383 ), and increased neurite outgrowth, with no negative effect on cell survival. @entity8312 also increased the expression of TopoIIb, which was accompanied by increased expression of @entity3419 in the differentiated neuron-like cells, whereas NF-Y protein levels remained unchanged following the differentiation progression. We also found that the phosphorylation level of @entity584 , but not @entity1366 , was significantly increased as a result of @entity8312 stimulation. Furthermore, as established by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, activation of the @entity10412 / @entity584 pathway increased @entity3419 binding to the promoter of the TopoIIb gene. Blockage of @entity10412 / @entity584 was shown to lead to subsequent inhibition of TopoIIb expression and neuronal differentiation. Collectively, the results indicate that the @entity10412 / @entity584 / @entity3419 /TopoIIb signaling pathway is necessary for @entity8312 -induced neuronal differentiation. Our findings offer mechanistic insights into understanding the upstream regulation of TopoIIb in neuronal differentiation, and suggest potential applications of @entity8312 both in neuroscience research and clinical practice to treat relevant @entity16 .

title: XXXX induces SH-SY5Y cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype through activation of the @entity10412 / @entity584 / @entity3419 /TopoIIb pathway.

answer: @entity19316 :: (MESH:C017953,Chemical) :: ['Tetramethylpyrazine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity19316 ( @entity8312 ) is an active compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Chuanxiong. Previously, we have shown that @entity8312 induces @entity1 SH-SY5Y @entity521 cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype by targeting topoisomeraseIIb (TopoIIb), a protein implicated in neural development. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate whether the transcriptional factors @entity3419 ( @entity3419 ) and nuclear factor Y (NF-Y), in addition to the upstream signaling pathways @entity1366 and @entity10412 / @entity584 , are involved in modulating TopoIIb expression in the neuronal differentiation process. We demonstrated that SH-SY5Y cells treated with @entity8312 (80 M) terminally differentiated into neurons, characterized by increased neuronal markers, tubulin bIII and @entity14383 ( @entity14383 ), and increased neurite outgrowth, with no negative effect on cell survival. @entity8312 also increased the expression of TopoIIb, which was accompanied by increased expression of @entity3419 in the differentiated neuron-like cells, whereas NF-Y protein levels remained unchanged following the differentiation progression. We also found that the phosphorylation level of @entity584 , but not @entity1366 , was significantly increased as a result of @entity8312 stimulation. Furthermore, as established by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, activation of the @entity10412 / @entity584 pathway increased @entity3419 binding to the promoter of the TopoIIb gene. Blockage of @entity10412 / @entity584 was shown to lead to subsequent inhibition of TopoIIb expression and neuronal differentiation. Collectively, the results indicate that the @entity10412 / @entity584 / @entity3419 /TopoIIb signaling pathway is necessary for @entity8312 -induced neuronal differentiation. Our findings offer mechanistic insights into understanding the upstream regulation of TopoIIb in neuronal differentiation, and suggest potential applications of @entity8312 both in neuroscience research and clinical practice to treat relevant @entity16 .

title: @entity19316 induces SH-SY5Y cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype through activation of the XXXX / @entity584 / @entity3419 /TopoIIb pathway.

answer: @entity10412 :: (5293,Gene) :: ['PI3K']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity19316 ( @entity8312 ) is an active compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Chuanxiong. Previously, we have shown that @entity8312 induces @entity1 SH-SY5Y @entity521 cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype by targeting topoisomeraseIIb (TopoIIb), a protein implicated in neural development. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate whether the transcriptional factors @entity3419 ( @entity3419 ) and nuclear factor Y (NF-Y), in addition to the upstream signaling pathways @entity1366 and @entity10412 / @entity584 , are involved in modulating TopoIIb expression in the neuronal differentiation process. We demonstrated that SH-SY5Y cells treated with @entity8312 (80 M) terminally differentiated into neurons, characterized by increased neuronal markers, tubulin bIII and @entity14383 ( @entity14383 ), and increased neurite outgrowth, with no negative effect on cell survival. @entity8312 also increased the expression of TopoIIb, which was accompanied by increased expression of @entity3419 in the differentiated neuron-like cells, whereas NF-Y protein levels remained unchanged following the differentiation progression. We also found that the phosphorylation level of @entity584 , but not @entity1366 , was significantly increased as a result of @entity8312 stimulation. Furthermore, as established by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, activation of the @entity10412 / @entity584 pathway increased @entity3419 binding to the promoter of the TopoIIb gene. Blockage of @entity10412 / @entity584 was shown to lead to subsequent inhibition of TopoIIb expression and neuronal differentiation. Collectively, the results indicate that the @entity10412 / @entity584 / @entity3419 /TopoIIb signaling pathway is necessary for @entity8312 -induced neuronal differentiation. Our findings offer mechanistic insights into understanding the upstream regulation of TopoIIb in neuronal differentiation, and suggest potential applications of @entity8312 both in neuroscience research and clinical practice to treat relevant @entity16 .

title: @entity19316 induces SH-SY5Y cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype through activation of the @entity10412 / XXXX / @entity3419 /TopoIIb pathway.

answer: @entity584 :: (207,Gene) :: ['Akt']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopy allows hysterectomies after chemoradiation to be performed without opening the abdominal wall. We measured the costs and quality of life for locally advanced cervical @entity5 @entity1 operated on via laparoscopy compared to laparotomy. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted an observational prospective multicenter study on locally advanced cervical @entity5 @entity1 undergoing an extrafascial hysterectomy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). We assessed the costs from the medical visit before surgery up to the first month after surgery from the providers' perspective and measured the quality of life using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CX24 up to six months. RESULTS: Sixty two @entity1 (39 laparoscopy and 23 laparotomy) from December 2008 to November 2011 were included. There was no difference in operative time, or intraoperative and post-operative complication rates between the two groups. Intraoperative transfusion and abdominal drain were significantly lower in the laparoscopy group (respectively, p  =  0.04 and p  <  0.01), as well as the duration of hospital stay (7.3  d vs 5.7  d, p  <  0.001). All @entity1 who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy were discharged to home, whereas 4 laparotomy @entity1 used convalescence homes (p  =  0.01). Mean costs at one month were    10,991 for laparotomy and    11,267 for laparoscopy (p  =  0.76). Sexual activity is better for the laparoscopy group at six months (p  =  0.01). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy for an extrafascial hysterectomy after CRT in locally advanced cervical @entity5 @entity1 brought better quality of life with similar costs compared to laparotomy, and should therefore be the first choice for surgeons.

title: Laparoscopic hysterectomy after concurrent radiochemotherapy in locally advanced cervical XXXX compared to laparotomy: A multi institutional prospective pilot study of cost, surgical outcome and quality of life.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: The role of @entity32 and fibrinolysis for the development of @entity615 and @entity13549 has been discussed. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between markers of @entity32 and fibrinolysis, to predict the outcome after surgery for @entity890 . METHODS: 177 @entity1 were recruited. High sensitive @entity1851 (hsCRP), @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ), @entity2002 , and D-dimer were analyzed preoperatively. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and @entity158 , @entity717 Index (ODI), and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) were assessed preoperatively and at 6  weeks, 6-, 12-, and 24-  months postoperatively. Dichotomization was made at the median for the laboratory analyses, and between the worst quartile and the other three quartiles for the outcome variables. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios (OR) and 95  % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The associations between @entity2289 and outcome seemed to be most prominent at the 6 and 12-month follow-up. When being in the upper half of @entity2289 , the OR for being in the worst quartile of @entity615 12  months postoperatively was 3.33 (1.56-7.10). The corresponding OR for VAS @entity158 was 2.46 (1.18-5.10), for ODI 2.83 (1.35-5.94) and for EQ-5D 2.73 (1.30-5.75). The OR for hsCRP was 2.10 (1.03-4.29) for being in the worst quartile of @entity615 . @entity2002 or D-dimer was not associated with any outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS: High @entity2289 , a marker of fibrinolysis, was fairly consistently associated with poor outcome, while hsCRP, @entity2002 , and D-dimer were not.

title: Markers of @entity32 and fibrinolysis in relation to outcome after surgery for XXXX . A prospective study on 177 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity2002 :: ('2244', 'Gene') :: ['Fibrinogen', 'fibrinogen']

entities_list: @entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['plasminogen activator inhibitor 1', 'PAI-1']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['VAS back pain', 'back pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar disc herniation']

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['lumbar disc herniation']


abstract: PURPOSE: The role of @entity32 and fibrinolysis for the development of @entity615 and @entity13549 has been discussed. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between markers of @entity32 and fibrinolysis, to predict the outcome after surgery for @entity890 . METHODS: 177 @entity1 were recruited. High sensitive @entity1851 (hsCRP), @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ), @entity2002 , and D-dimer were analyzed preoperatively. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and @entity158 , @entity717 Index (ODI), and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) were assessed preoperatively and at 6  weeks, 6-, 12-, and 24-  months postoperatively. Dichotomization was made at the median for the laboratory analyses, and between the worst quartile and the other three quartiles for the outcome variables. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios (OR) and 95  % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The associations between @entity2289 and outcome seemed to be most prominent at the 6 and 12-month follow-up. When being in the upper half of @entity2289 , the OR for being in the worst quartile of @entity615 12  months postoperatively was 3.33 (1.56-7.10). The corresponding OR for VAS @entity158 was 2.46 (1.18-5.10), for ODI 2.83 (1.35-5.94) and for EQ-5D 2.73 (1.30-5.75). The OR for hsCRP was 2.10 (1.03-4.29) for being in the worst quartile of @entity615 . @entity2002 or D-dimer was not associated with any outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS: High @entity2289 , a marker of fibrinolysis, was fairly consistently associated with poor outcome, while hsCRP, @entity2002 , and D-dimer were not.

title: Markers of XXXX and fibrinolysis in relation to outcome after surgery for @entity890 . A prospective study on 177 @entity1 .

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: PURPOSE: The role of @entity32 and fibrinolysis for the development of @entity615 and @entity13549 has been discussed. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between markers of @entity32 and fibrinolysis, to predict the outcome after surgery for @entity890 . METHODS: 177 @entity1 were recruited. High sensitive @entity1851 (hsCRP), @entity2289 ( @entity2289 ), @entity2002 , and D-dimer were analyzed preoperatively. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and @entity158 , @entity717 Index (ODI), and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) were assessed preoperatively and at 6  weeks, 6-, 12-, and 24-  months postoperatively. Dichotomization was made at the median for the laboratory analyses, and between the worst quartile and the other three quartiles for the outcome variables. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios (OR) and 95  % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The associations between @entity2289 and outcome seemed to be most prominent at the 6 and 12-month follow-up. When being in the upper half of @entity2289 , the OR for being in the worst quartile of @entity615 12  months postoperatively was 3.33 (1.56-7.10). The corresponding OR for VAS @entity158 was 2.46 (1.18-5.10), for ODI 2.83 (1.35-5.94) and for EQ-5D 2.73 (1.30-5.75). The OR for hsCRP was 2.10 (1.03-4.29) for being in the worst quartile of @entity615 . @entity2002 or D-dimer was not associated with any outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS: High @entity2289 , a marker of fibrinolysis, was fairly consistently associated with poor outcome, while hsCRP, @entity2002 , and D-dimer were not.

title: Markers of @entity32 and fibrinolysis in relation to outcome after surgery for @entity890 . A prospective study on 177 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Temporal @entity957 (TBSCC) is an uncommon, @entity146 with a poor prognosis in advanced cases. The dismal outcome is partially related to: the lack of reliable clinical or pathological prognostic factors and the largely unstandardized surgical and integrated treatments adopted. There is an undeniable need for novel diagnostic/therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis. The purpose of this critical review was to explore the level of available knowledge concerning the molecular markers involved in the biology of TBSCC that have a prognostic potential. The Pub-Med and Scopus electronic databases were searched without publication date limits for studies investigating molecular markers in cohorts of @entity1 with primary TBSCC. The search terms used were: "temporal @entity3478 ", "temporal @entity3478 ", "temporal @entity3478 ", " @entity14153 ", and " @entity5 ". We decided preliminarily not to consider series with less than five cases. Nine retrospective case series of TBSCC were found in which different analytical techniques had been used to study the role of several biomarkers (HPV, @entity2277 , transforming growth factor b, CD105, @entity1801 , @entity1495 , @entity24208 , EBV, @entity986 , @entity876 mutation, pSTAT3, @entity7175 ). CD105 expression (in @entity5 vessel endothelial cells) and @entity24208 cytoplasmic expression (in @entity189 cells) were, respectively, found directly and inversely related with the @entity5 's recurrence rate. CD105 expression was also inversely related with disease-free survival in TBSCC. A future goal of such analyses should be to ascertain the radio- and chemo-sensitivity profiles of individual TBSCCs, enabling truly personalized therapies. A further, more ambitious goal will be to find targets for therapeutic agents that might prove crucial in improving the disease-specific survival for @entity1 with advanced TBSCC.

title: XXXX : a first glance beyond the conventional clinical and pathological prognostic factors.

entities_list: @entity14153 :: ('MESH:D004428', 'Disease') :: ['ear carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone carcinoma', 'bone malignancy", "ear cancer', 'bone cancer']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive malignancy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'ear malignancy', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['bone squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-9']

answer: @entity3478 :: (MESH:D001859,Disease) :: ['Temporal bone carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2067 antagonists (VKA) have a narrow therapeutic range, and literature analysis reveals poor quality of anticoagulation control. We sought to assess the prevalence of poor anticoagulant control in @entity1 under VKA treatment in the prevention of @entity64 for @entity955 ( @entity955 ). HYPOTHESIS: Control of anticoagulation with VKA is inadequate in a high percentage of @entity1 with @entity955 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity955 under VKA treatment were prospectively recruited in this observational registry. The sample comprised 948 @entity1 . The estimated time spent in the therapeutic range (TTR) was calculated, and variables related with a TTR >65% were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean age was 73.8    9.4 years, and 42.5% of the @entity1 were @entity1 . Mean TTR was 63.77%    23.80% for the direct method and 60.27%    24.48% for the Rosendaal method. Prevalence of poor anticoagulation control was 54%. Variables associated with good anticoagulation control were university studies (odds ratio [OR]: 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-3.64), @entity3619 (OR: 8.15, 95% CI: 1.57-42.24), low comorbidity expressed as Charlson index (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99), no previous @entity299 (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.41-0.98), lower risk of @entity548 assessed as @entity101 , @entity409 , @entity64 , @entity548 history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio, elderly age, and use of drugs or @entity285 (HAS-BLED; OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69-0.95), and lower heart rate (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who receive VKA to prevent @entity64 for @entity955 spend less than half the time within therapeutic range.

title: Quality of Anticoagulation With XXXX Antagonists.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal renal/liver function']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatic disease']

answer: @entity2067 :: (MESH:D014812,Chemical) :: ['Vitamin K']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gut-derived bacterial endotoxin is an important cofactor in the pathogenesis of @entity8787 . Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for maintenance of peripheral tolerance and can prevent and alleviate @entity8787 . To determine the immune modulatory effect of anti- @entity558 enriched hyperimmune colostrum, its ability to induce Tregs and alleviate immune mediated @entity1960 . METHODS: Immune-mediated @entity1960 was induced in @entity19 by intra-colonic instillation of @entity1959 ( @entity10776 ). Four groups of @entity19 were orally administered with two dosages of IgG-enriched colostrum fractions. The fractions were harvested from @entity291 immunized against @entity558 derived from intestinal @entity526 bacteria (Imm124E). Control @entity19 received non-immunized colostrum or vehicle (PBS). Treatment was administered one day following sensitization and four additional days following the administration of @entity10776 . The following parameters in the @entity19 were tracked: body weight, bowel histology, serum cytokine levels and regulatory T cells. RESULTS: Oral administration of Imm124E hyperimmune colostrum ameliorated immune-mediated @entity1960 . Significant amelioration of weight reduction was noted in treated @entity19 . Oral administration of Imm124E improved bowel histology. Both the extent of the disease, @entity32 score, and @entity1960 damage and regeneration scores decreased in Imm-124E treated animals. These effects were associated with an increase in serum @entity1618 anti inflammatory cytokine levels, and an increase in @entity1961   +   @entity3783 + and @entity1961   +   @entity3744 + Tregs. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of Imm124E promoted Tregs and @entity32 in immune mediated @entity1960 . The present data suggests that the microbiome may serve as a target for Tregs-based immunotherapy.

title: The gut microbiome as a target for regulatory T cell-based immunotherapy: induction of regulatory lymphocytes by oral administration of anti- XXXX enriched colostrum alleviates immune mediated @entity1960 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['alleviated bowel inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1959 :: ('MESH:D014302', 'Chemical') :: ['Trinitrobenzene Sulfonate']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity558 :: (MESH:C536528,Disease) :: ['LPS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gut-derived bacterial endotoxin is an important cofactor in the pathogenesis of @entity8787 . Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for maintenance of peripheral tolerance and can prevent and alleviate @entity8787 . To determine the immune modulatory effect of anti- @entity558 enriched hyperimmune colostrum, its ability to induce Tregs and alleviate immune mediated @entity1960 . METHODS: Immune-mediated @entity1960 was induced in @entity19 by intra-colonic instillation of @entity1959 ( @entity10776 ). Four groups of @entity19 were orally administered with two dosages of IgG-enriched colostrum fractions. The fractions were harvested from @entity291 immunized against @entity558 derived from intestinal @entity526 bacteria (Imm124E). Control @entity19 received non-immunized colostrum or vehicle (PBS). Treatment was administered one day following sensitization and four additional days following the administration of @entity10776 . The following parameters in the @entity19 were tracked: body weight, bowel histology, serum cytokine levels and regulatory T cells. RESULTS: Oral administration of Imm124E hyperimmune colostrum ameliorated immune-mediated @entity1960 . Significant amelioration of weight reduction was noted in treated @entity19 . Oral administration of Imm124E improved bowel histology. Both the extent of the disease, @entity32 score, and @entity1960 damage and regeneration scores decreased in Imm-124E treated animals. These effects were associated with an increase in serum @entity1618 anti inflammatory cytokine levels, and an increase in @entity1961   +   @entity3783 + and @entity1961   +   @entity3744 + Tregs. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of Imm124E promoted Tregs and @entity32 in immune mediated @entity1960 . The present data suggests that the microbiome may serve as a target for Tregs-based immunotherapy.

title: The gut microbiome as a target for regulatory T cell-based immunotherapy: induction of regulatory lymphocytes by oral administration of anti- @entity558 enriched colostrum alleviates immune mediated XXXX .

answer: @entity1960 :: (MESH:D003092,Disease) :: ['colitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The submental island flap has become increasingly popular in the treatment of @entity154 following @entity5 ablation. However, there was concern that the elevation of the pedicled flap might interfere with the efficiency of level I-lymph node dissection and decrease the oncologic prognosis of the @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective clinical study over five years the outcome of 45 consecutive @entity1 with @entity5 of various T-stages treated with @entity4294 was evaluated and compared to 45 @entity1 with a @entity5 treated with free radial forearm flaps. RESULTS: All @entity4294 beside three were successful (93.3%). The obtained functional results were pleasing and the donor morbidity low. @entity1 treated with @entity4294 exhibited no enhanced risk of local @entity5 recurrence or lymph node @entity3 (p<0.86). In contrast, the operation time, time of intensive care and hospitalization were reduced (p<0.001). DISCUSSION: We conclude that the submental island flap is an effective and predictable option of small and medium-sized oral defect treatment. It is a valuable alternative to free flap soft tissue reconstructions such as radial forearm or perforator flaps. It seems particularly beneficial to @entity1 with relevant comorbidities as often present in the @entity5 population. The application of the submental island flap does not reduce the oncological prognosis of @entity5 @entity1 .

title: The submental island flap for the treatment of XXXX : No effect on recurrence rates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['intraoral defects']

entities_list: @entity4294 :: ('MESH:D007516', 'Disease') :: ['submental island flaps']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intraoral cancer', 'T-status analogous oral cancer', 'oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['intraoral tumor-related defects']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess clinical outcomes and return to sport in an athletic population treated with @entity8 of the talus. METHODS: A total of 36 @entity1 were included in this retrospective study including 21 professional @entity2587 and 15 amateur @entity2587 who participated in regular moderate- or high-impact athletic activity. All @entity1 underwent autologous osteochondral transplantation of the talus under the care of a single surgeon. At a mean follow-up of 5.9  years, @entity1 were assessed using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring system. All @entity1 also received pre-operative MRI with the follow-up MRI performed at 1  year and underwent assessment of return to athletic activity. RESULTS: The overall AOFAS score improved from 65.5 (SD      11.1) to 89.4 (SD      14.4) (p  =  0.01). At a final follow-up, 90  % of professional @entity2587 (19 of 21) were still competing in athletic activity or still able to participate in unrestricted activity. Of the recreational @entity2587 , 87  % (13 of 15) had full return to pre-injury activity levels, while two (13  %) returned to activity with restrictions or reduced intensity. MRI showed cystic change in 33  % of @entity1 post-operatively; however, this did not appear to affect outcomes (n.s.). Donor site symptoms were seen in 11  % of the cohort at final follow-up, despite high function at donor knee. CONCLUSION: The results of our study indicate that AOT procedure is able to achieve good outcomes in an athletic population at a midterm follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective case series, Level IV.

title: XXXX of the talus in an athletic population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) for osteochondral lesions']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Autologous osteochondral transplantation for osteochondral lesions']


abstract: PURPOSE: To measure retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and @entity735 with no light perception due to @entity1781 using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. METHODS: Fourteen eyes of 14 @entity1 (9 @entity1 , 5 @entity1 ; mean age 56.0    16.6 (standard deviation)  years] with no light perception due to @entity1781 were recruited to this retrospective study. Only clinically stable eyes were included. Eyes were imaged at least 6  months after the onset of the disease. Five @entity1 lost light perception due to @entity1781 , four @entity1 had @entity1781 , two @entity1 had @entity7995 , two @entity1 had @entity1781 , and one @entity1 had @entity1952 . Global and quadrant RNFLTs were measured with the Cirrus HD-optical coherence tomography (OCT) system; global and hemisphere GCCTs were measured by spectral-domain OCT (RTVue OCT system). Only reliable OCT images were used for further analysis. RESULTS: Reliable RNFL images were obtained in 12 eyes, and reliable GCC images were obtained in 11 eyes. Global, superior, temporal, inferior, and nasal RNFLT were 57.5      6.7, 60.6      7.6, 54.1      11.2, 59.7      9.5, and 55.6      7.4    m, respectively. Global, superior, and inferior GCC thicknesses were 68.8      9.6, 70.7      12.2, and 67.8      8.8    m, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A considerable proportion of RNFL and GCC remained in eyes with no light perception vision. Clinicians should take this into account when evaluating the severity of @entity1781 from OCT-measured RNFLT and GCCT.

title: Retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex thicknesses measured with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in eyes with no light perception due to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve atrophy']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuritis']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ganglion cell complex thickness (GCCT) in eyes']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic optic neuropathy', 'traumatic optic neuropathy', 'compressive optic neuropathy', 'nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy', 'optic neuropathy']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy']


abstract: Background/Aims: Repeat endoscopy with biopsy is often performed in @entity1 with previously diagnosed @entity356 to determine further treatment plans. However, biopsy results may differ from the original pathologic report. We reviewed @entity1 who had a negative biopsy after referral for @entity356 . Methods: A total of 116 @entity1 with negative biopsy results after referral for biopsy-proven @entity356 were enrolled. Outside pathology slides were reviewed. Images of the first and second endoscopic examinations were reviewed. We reviewed the clinical history from referral to the final treatment. Results: Eighty-eight @entity1 (76%) arrived with information about the lesion from the referring physician. Among 96 @entity1 with available outside slides, the rate of interobserver variation was 24%. Endoscopy was repeated at our institution; 85 @entity1 (73%) were found to have definite lesions, whereas 31 @entity1 (27%) had indeterminate lesions. In the group with definite lesions, 71% of the lesions were @entity308 in shape. The most common cause of a negative biopsy was mistargeting. In the group with indeterminate lesions, 94% had insufficient information. All @entity1 with adequate follow-up were successfully treated based on the findings in the follow-up endoscopy. Conclusions: A negative biopsy after referral for biopsy-proven @entity356 is mainly caused by mistargeting and insufficient information during the referral.

title: Negative Biopsy after Referral for Biopsy-Proven XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The reported incidence of hollow viscus injuries (HVI) in blunt @entity130 @entity1 is approximately 1  %. The most common site of injury to the intestine in blunt @entity1661 (BAT) is the small bowel followed by colon, with mesenteric injuries occurring three times more commonly than bowel injuries. Isolated @entity1049 is a rarely encountered condition. Clinical assessment alone in @entity1 with suspected intestinal or @entity130 after blunt @entity130 is associated with unacceptable diagnostic delays. CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case of a 31-year-old @entity1 , admitted to the emergency department after being the restrained driver, involved in a car accident. After initial resuscitation, focused assessment with sonography for @entity130 examination (FAST) was performed revealing a subhepatic mass, suspicious for intraperitoneal @entity1410 . A computed tomography scan (CT) that followed showed a @entity1410 of the mesocolon of the ascending colon with active extravasation of intravenous contrast material. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, hemoperitomeum was evacuated, and a subserosal @entity1410 of the cecum and ascending colon with areas of totally disrupted serosal wall was found. @entity1410 of the adjacent mesocolon expanding to the root of mesenteric vessels was also noted. A right hemicolectomy along with primary @entity254 was performed. @entity1 's recovery progressed uneventfully. CONCLUSION: Identifying an isolated @entity130 to the bowel or mesentery after BAT can be a clinical challenge because of its subtle and nonspecific clinical findings; meeting that challenge may eventually lead to a delay in diagnosis and treatment with subsequent increase in associated morbidity and mortality. Isolated @entity1049 is a rare finding after blunt @entity130 and usually accompanied by other intra-abdominal organ injuries. Abdominal 'seatbelt' sign, ecchymosis of the abdominal wall, increasing @entity490 and distension are all associated with HVI. However, the accuracy of these findings remains low. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage, ultrasound, CT and diagnostic laparoscopy are used to evaluate BAT. Although CT has become the main diagnostic tool for this type of injuries, there are few pathognomonic signs of @entity1049 on CT. Given the potential for devastating outcomes, prompt diagnosis and treatment is necessary and high clinical suspicion is required.

title: Seatbelt sign in a case of blunt XXXX ; what lies beneath it?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injury', 'trauma', 'mesenteric injury']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['ileocolonic anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['Hematoma', 'hematoma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colon injury']

answer: @entity1661 :: (MESH:D000008,Disease) :: ['abdominal trauma']


abstract: We report a male @entity1 with metastatic high-grade @entity3975 and associated @entity9636 . The @entity1 was transferred to our hospital due to persistent spiking fever, marked granulocytosis, and suspected @entity5572 . After thorough bacteriological studies, including cultures of blood and material aspirated from the " @entity5572 ", no evidence of @entity281 was documented. The @entity1 suffered from persistent spiking fever for more than 4 weeks in spite of empirical antibiotic treatment, and repeated aspiration of the presupposed @entity5572 . He underwent exploratory laparotomy for intended surgical evacuation of the @entity5572 and bacteriological diagnosis. The operative findings were compatible with @entity189 with multiple liver and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement and @entity5 @entity39 . The pathology report indicated high-grade @entity3975 . Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for @entity1192 ( @entity1192 ) and @entity650 . Elevation of cytokine levels in the @entity5 fluid, including @entity1192 , @entity650 , granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was confirmed by ELISA test. This case shows that multiple cytokine production from a @entity3 and its central necrotic area in the liver can produce a febrile @entity9636 mimicking a pyogenic @entity5572 .

title: XXXX resulting from multiple cytokine production in metastatic @entity3975 with central @entity39 .

entities_list: @entity5572 :: ('MESH:D008100', 'Disease') :: ['liver abscess']

entities_list: @entity3975 :: ('MESH:D018277', 'Disease') :: ['mucoepidermoid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'necrotic tumor']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity9636 :: ('MESH:D007955', 'Disease') :: ['leukemoid reaction']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1192 :: ('3552', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-1 alpha', 'IL-1 alpha']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumor']

answer: @entity9636 :: (MESH:D007955,Disease) :: ['Leukemoid reaction']


abstract: We report a male @entity1 with metastatic high-grade @entity3975 and associated @entity9636 . The @entity1 was transferred to our hospital due to persistent spiking fever, marked granulocytosis, and suspected @entity5572 . After thorough bacteriological studies, including cultures of blood and material aspirated from the " @entity5572 ", no evidence of @entity281 was documented. The @entity1 suffered from persistent spiking fever for more than 4 weeks in spite of empirical antibiotic treatment, and repeated aspiration of the presupposed @entity5572 . He underwent exploratory laparotomy for intended surgical evacuation of the @entity5572 and bacteriological diagnosis. The operative findings were compatible with @entity189 with multiple liver and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement and @entity5 @entity39 . The pathology report indicated high-grade @entity3975 . Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for @entity1192 ( @entity1192 ) and @entity650 . Elevation of cytokine levels in the @entity5 fluid, including @entity1192 , @entity650 , granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was confirmed by ELISA test. This case shows that multiple cytokine production from a @entity3 and its central necrotic area in the liver can produce a febrile @entity9636 mimicking a pyogenic @entity5572 .

title: @entity9636 resulting from multiple cytokine production in metastatic @entity3975 with central XXXX .

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: We report a male @entity1 with metastatic high-grade @entity3975 and associated @entity9636 . The @entity1 was transferred to our hospital due to persistent spiking fever, marked granulocytosis, and suspected @entity5572 . After thorough bacteriological studies, including cultures of blood and material aspirated from the " @entity5572 ", no evidence of @entity281 was documented. The @entity1 suffered from persistent spiking fever for more than 4 weeks in spite of empirical antibiotic treatment, and repeated aspiration of the presupposed @entity5572 . He underwent exploratory laparotomy for intended surgical evacuation of the @entity5572 and bacteriological diagnosis. The operative findings were compatible with @entity189 with multiple liver and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement and @entity5 @entity39 . The pathology report indicated high-grade @entity3975 . Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for @entity1192 ( @entity1192 ) and @entity650 . Elevation of cytokine levels in the @entity5 fluid, including @entity1192 , @entity650 , granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was confirmed by ELISA test. This case shows that multiple cytokine production from a @entity3 and its central necrotic area in the liver can produce a febrile @entity9636 mimicking a pyogenic @entity5572 .

title: @entity9636 resulting from multiple cytokine production in metastatic XXXX with central @entity39 .

answer: @entity3975 :: (MESH:D018277,Disease) :: ['mucoepidermoid carcinoma']


abstract: @entity14 ( @entity14 ) is one of the leading cancer_mdash;related causes of @entity204 in the world. Several approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, or combinations thereof have been used to treat @entity14 @entity1 . However, the fact that many @entity1 develop a drug resistance during the course of the treatment is a major obstacle. Understanding the mechanisms underlying resistance is critical in order to develop more effective targeted treatments. Recently, several studies have reported on the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the response to anti_mdash; @entity5 drugs and suggested them as a source of predictive biomarkers for the purpose of @entity1 stratification and for the prognosis of treatment success. For example, overexpressing miR_mdash;34a, a master regulator of @entity5 suppression attenuates chemoresistance to 5_mdash;FU by downregulating @entity4093 ( @entity4093 ) and @entity29005 . @entity49667 , a miR_mdash;34a replacement is the first synthetic miRNA mimic to enter clinical testing. MiR_mdash;34a antagonizes @entity5 stemness, @entity3 , and chemoresistance processes that are necessary for @entity5 viability. This example shows that miRNAs are coming into focus for the design of enhanced @entity5 therapies that aim to sensitise @entity5 cells for anti_mdash; @entity5 drugs. In this review, we provide an overview on the role of miRNAs in the resistance to current @entity14 therapies. Furthermore, we discuss the value of miRNAs as biomarkers for predicting chemosensitivity and their potential to enhance treatment strategies.

title: The role of microRNAs in the resistance to XXXX treatments.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4093 :: ('23411', 'Gene') :: ['SIRT1', 'silent information regulator 1']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) have failed to improve long-term outcomes in renal transplantation. Anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects of @entity1 target of @entity3446 inhibitors (m- @entity9908 ) without nephrotoxicity could improve long-term survival in selected transplant recipients. METHODS: We examined the evolution of 98 low-immunological risk renal transplant recipients on m- @entity9908 monotherapy: 7 @entity1 had induction without CNI and 91 were switched to m- @entity9908 at 12 ( @entity4667 - @entity2251 : 4-36) months after transplant. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 46 ( @entity4667 - @entity2251 : 28.5-72.0) months. Fifteen recipients dropped out of the study (15.3%): 8 @entity1 (8.2%) had to change their immunosuppressive treatment because of complications and 7 (7.1%) lost their grafts as a result of chronic rejection (4 cases) or @entity204 with a functioning graft (3 cases). At the end of follow-up, 83 of 98 (84.6%) recipients remained on monotherapy. The rates of recipient and graft survivals were 100% and 98.8% at 2 years and 96.9% and 93.5% at 4 years; the percentages of @entity1 on monotherapy after 2 and 4 years were 95.2% and 85.2%, respectively. Renal function improved significantly and @entity644 decreased but not significantly. Those @entity1 switched to m- @entity9908 significantly received more @entity1307 , angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and @entity551 agents than before starting m- @entity9908 , whereas there were no significant changes related to the use of statins, body weight, or percentage of @entity6 @entity1 . No case of non-compliance was reported. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the safety and efficacy of monotherapy with m- @entity9908 in selected renal transplant recipients.

title: @entity1 Target of XXXX Inhibitor Monotherapy: Efficacy in Renal Transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['Rapamycin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) have failed to improve long-term outcomes in renal transplantation. Anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects of @entity1 target of @entity3446 inhibitors (m- @entity9908 ) without nephrotoxicity could improve long-term survival in selected transplant recipients. METHODS: We examined the evolution of 98 low-immunological risk renal transplant recipients on m- @entity9908 monotherapy: 7 @entity1 had induction without CNI and 91 were switched to m- @entity9908 at 12 ( @entity4667 - @entity2251 : 4-36) months after transplant. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 46 ( @entity4667 - @entity2251 : 28.5-72.0) months. Fifteen recipients dropped out of the study (15.3%): 8 @entity1 (8.2%) had to change their immunosuppressive treatment because of complications and 7 (7.1%) lost their grafts as a result of chronic rejection (4 cases) or @entity204 with a functioning graft (3 cases). At the end of follow-up, 83 of 98 (84.6%) recipients remained on monotherapy. The rates of recipient and graft survivals were 100% and 98.8% at 2 years and 96.9% and 93.5% at 4 years; the percentages of @entity1 on monotherapy after 2 and 4 years were 95.2% and 85.2%, respectively. Renal function improved significantly and @entity644 decreased but not significantly. Those @entity1 switched to m- @entity9908 significantly received more @entity1307 , angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and @entity551 agents than before starting m- @entity9908 , whereas there were no significant changes related to the use of statins, body weight, or percentage of @entity6 @entity1 . No case of non-compliance was reported. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the safety and efficacy of monotherapy with m- @entity9908 in selected renal transplant recipients.

title: XXXX Target of @entity3446 Inhibitor Monotherapy: Efficacy in Renal Transplantation.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Mammalian']


abstract: 1. The neuronal release of @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) and its autoregulation by neuromodulators, substance @entity10133 ) and @entity2999 (MEK), have been studied using superfused rodent cerebral slices. @entity1239 exerts significant effects on autoregulation of @entity1617 release, which may have toxicological implications. 2. Positive and negative feedback systems have been postulated for autoregulation of @entity1617 release. The components of the positive feedback system include a muscarinic (Ms) receptor, SP, and activation of @entity141 influx. Low levels of @entity1617 in the biophase of the cholinergic synaptic gap may trigger the positive feedback system, and high levels of @entity1617 may trigger the negative feedback system. 3. There are also neuronal pathways for direct reciprocal regulations of SP and MEK. 4. Low concentrations of @entity1239 triggers the release of @entity1617 followed by MEK and SP. Release of SP causes @entity13624 . 5. @entity1239 and its metabolite, @entity4874 , activate platelet activating factor (PAF)-hydrolase and thereby enhance the turnover rate of PAF. This effect may contribute to @entity286 -induced @entity715 in peripheral and central nervous systems.

title: Neuropharmacology of XXXX : effects on the autoregulation of @entity934 release by substance P and methionine enkephalin in rodent cerebral slices and toxicological implications.

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['Nicotine', 'nicotine']

entities_list: @entity2999 :: ('MESH:D004744', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine enkephalin']

entities_list: @entity4874 :: ('MESH:D003367', 'Chemical') :: ['cotinine']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['arterial thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity13624 :: ('MESH:D020078', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1239 :: (MESH:D009538,Chemical) :: ['nicotine']


abstract: 1. The neuronal release of @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) and its autoregulation by neuromodulators, substance @entity10133 ) and @entity2999 (MEK), have been studied using superfused rodent cerebral slices. @entity1239 exerts significant effects on autoregulation of @entity1617 release, which may have toxicological implications. 2. Positive and negative feedback systems have been postulated for autoregulation of @entity1617 release. The components of the positive feedback system include a muscarinic (Ms) receptor, SP, and activation of @entity141 influx. Low levels of @entity1617 in the biophase of the cholinergic synaptic gap may trigger the positive feedback system, and high levels of @entity1617 may trigger the negative feedback system. 3. There are also neuronal pathways for direct reciprocal regulations of SP and MEK. 4. Low concentrations of @entity1239 triggers the release of @entity1617 followed by MEK and SP. Release of SP causes @entity13624 . 5. @entity1239 and its metabolite, @entity4874 , activate platelet activating factor (PAF)-hydrolase and thereby enhance the turnover rate of PAF. This effect may contribute to @entity286 -induced @entity715 in peripheral and central nervous systems.

title: Neuropharmacology of @entity1239 : effects on the autoregulation of XXXX release by substance P and methionine enkephalin in rodent cerebral slices and toxicological implications.

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 cells frequently disseminate through the lymphatic system during metastatic spread of @entity0 and many other types of @entity5 . Yet it is not clear how @entity5 cells make their way into the lymphatic system and how they choose between lymphatic and blood vessels for migration. Here we report that mammary @entity5 cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to transforming growth factor-b ( @entity641 ) become activated for targeted migration through the lymphatic system, similar to dendritic cells (DCs) during @entity32 . EMT cells preferentially migrated toward lymphatic vessels compared with blood vessels, both in vivo and in 3D cultures. A mechanism of this targeted migration was traced to the capacity of @entity641 to promote @entity13386 /CCL21-mediated crosstalk between @entity5 cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. On one hand, @entity641 promoted @entity13386 expression in EMT cells through @entity1995 MAP kinase-mediated activation of the @entity27619 transcription factor. Blockade of @entity13386 , or treatment with a @entity1995 MAP kinase inhibitor, reduced lymphatic dissemination of EMT cells in syngeneic @entity19 . On the other hand, @entity641 promoted CCL21 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. CCL21 acted in a paracrine fashion to mediate chemotactic migration of EMT cells toward lymphatic endothelial cells. The results identify @entity641 -induced EMT as a mechanism, which activates @entity5 cells for targeted, DC-like migration through the lymphatic system. Furthermore, it suggests that @entity1995 MAP kinase inhibition may be a useful strategy to inhibit EMT and lymphogenic spread of @entity5 cells.Oncogene advance online publication, 11 May 2015; doi:10.1038/onc.2015.133.

title: XXXX -induced EMT promotes targeted migration of @entity0 cells through the lymphatic system by the activation of @entity13386 /CCL21-mediated chemotaxis.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Tumor']

answer: @entity641 :: (21803(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['TGF-b1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 cells frequently disseminate through the lymphatic system during metastatic spread of @entity0 and many other types of @entity5 . Yet it is not clear how @entity5 cells make their way into the lymphatic system and how they choose between lymphatic and blood vessels for migration. Here we report that mammary @entity5 cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to transforming growth factor-b ( @entity641 ) become activated for targeted migration through the lymphatic system, similar to dendritic cells (DCs) during @entity32 . EMT cells preferentially migrated toward lymphatic vessels compared with blood vessels, both in vivo and in 3D cultures. A mechanism of this targeted migration was traced to the capacity of @entity641 to promote @entity13386 /CCL21-mediated crosstalk between @entity5 cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. On one hand, @entity641 promoted @entity13386 expression in EMT cells through @entity1995 MAP kinase-mediated activation of the @entity27619 transcription factor. Blockade of @entity13386 , or treatment with a @entity1995 MAP kinase inhibitor, reduced lymphatic dissemination of EMT cells in syngeneic @entity19 . On the other hand, @entity641 promoted CCL21 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. CCL21 acted in a paracrine fashion to mediate chemotactic migration of EMT cells toward lymphatic endothelial cells. The results identify @entity641 -induced EMT as a mechanism, which activates @entity5 cells for targeted, DC-like migration through the lymphatic system. Furthermore, it suggests that @entity1995 MAP kinase inhibition may be a useful strategy to inhibit EMT and lymphogenic spread of @entity5 cells.Oncogene advance online publication, 11 May 2015; doi:10.1038/onc.2015.133.

title: @entity641 -induced EMT promotes targeted migration of XXXX cells through the lymphatic system by the activation of @entity13386 /CCL21-mediated chemotaxis.

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 cells frequently disseminate through the lymphatic system during metastatic spread of @entity0 and many other types of @entity5 . Yet it is not clear how @entity5 cells make their way into the lymphatic system and how they choose between lymphatic and blood vessels for migration. Here we report that mammary @entity5 cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to transforming growth factor-b ( @entity641 ) become activated for targeted migration through the lymphatic system, similar to dendritic cells (DCs) during @entity32 . EMT cells preferentially migrated toward lymphatic vessels compared with blood vessels, both in vivo and in 3D cultures. A mechanism of this targeted migration was traced to the capacity of @entity641 to promote @entity13386 /CCL21-mediated crosstalk between @entity5 cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. On one hand, @entity641 promoted @entity13386 expression in EMT cells through @entity1995 MAP kinase-mediated activation of the @entity27619 transcription factor. Blockade of @entity13386 , or treatment with a @entity1995 MAP kinase inhibitor, reduced lymphatic dissemination of EMT cells in syngeneic @entity19 . On the other hand, @entity641 promoted CCL21 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. CCL21 acted in a paracrine fashion to mediate chemotactic migration of EMT cells toward lymphatic endothelial cells. The results identify @entity641 -induced EMT as a mechanism, which activates @entity5 cells for targeted, DC-like migration through the lymphatic system. Furthermore, it suggests that @entity1995 MAP kinase inhibition may be a useful strategy to inhibit EMT and lymphogenic spread of @entity5 cells.Oncogene advance online publication, 11 May 2015; doi:10.1038/onc.2015.133.

title: @entity641 -induced EMT promotes targeted migration of @entity0 cells through the lymphatic system by the activation of XXXX /CCL21-mediated chemotaxis.

answer: @entity13386 :: (12775(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['CCR7']


abstract: @entity2805 ( @entity2805 ) are caused by @entity130 or burn injuries to the deep dermis and are considered @entity82 in the skin. Monocytes, M1 and M2 macrophages are mononuclear phagocytes. Studies suggest that M2 macrophages are profibrotic and might contribute to @entity2805 formation. Our lab has established a @entity1 @entity2805 -like nude @entity19 model, in which the grafted @entity1 skin develops red, raised, and firm scarring, resembling @entity2805 seen in @entity1 . In this study, we observed the natural behavior of mononuclear phagocyte system in this nude @entity19 model of dermal @entity82 at multiple time points. Thirty athymic @entity19 received @entity1 skin grafts and an equal number of @entity19 received @entity19 skin grafts as controls. The grafted skin and blood were harvested at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks. Wound area, thickness, collagen morphology and level, the cell number of myofibroblasts, M1- and M2-like macrophages in the grafted skin, as well as monocyte fraction in the blood were investigated at each time points. Xenografted @entity19 developed contracted and thickened scars grossly. The xenografted skin resembled @entity1 @entity2805 tissue based on enhanced thickness, fibrotic orientation of collagen bundles, increased collagen level, and infiltration of myofibroblasts. In the blood, monocytes dramatically decreased at 1 week postgrafting and gradually returned to normal in the following 8 weeks. In the xenografted skin, M1-like macrophages were found predominantly at 1-2 weeks postgrafting; whereas, M2-like macrophages were abundant at later time points, 3-4 weeks postgrafting coincident with the development of @entity82 in the @entity1 skin tissues. This understanding of the natural behavior of mononuclear phagocytes in vivo in our @entity19 model provides evidence for the role of M2-like macrophages in @entity82 of @entity1 skin and suggests that macrophage depletion in the subacute phases of wound healing might reduce or prevent @entity2805 formation.

title: The natural behavior of mononuclear phagocytes in XXXX formation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity2805 :: ('MESH:D017439', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertrophic scars', 'HTS']

answer: @entity2805 :: (MESH:D017439,Disease) :: ['HTS']


abstract: To elucidate the incidence and determinants of early @entity943 ( @entity943 ) during acute @entity1563 , continuous electrocardiographic, heart rate, and blood pressure recordings were performed in 152 @entity1 during standardized balloon occlusions of significant (50% to 95%) @entity3979 . A control group of 13 @entity1 with chronic total occlusion of a coronary artery was also studied. None of them developed @entity943 during balloon inflation in the preexisting total occlusion of the artery. Balloon occlusion of a coronary artery was associated with occurrence of @entity1540 in 18 @entity1 ( @entity943 group, 12%). The @entity943 group had milder @entity850 severity (72% vs 81%, p < 0.001) than the rest of the @entity1 , and none of them had visible collaterals to the occluded vessel. The @entity943 group also had ST-segment deviations more often (p < 0.05) during occlusion than @entity1 with no @entity943 . Occlusion of the left anterior descending artery caused @entity943 more often (p < 0.05) than occlusion of the left circumflex or right coronary artery. No clinical or hemodynamic variable or medication was associated with the occurrence of @entity943 . In stepwise logistic regression analysis, the only significant predictors of @entity1540 were the @entity850 severity and the anterior site of @entity1563 . Even a nonstenotic plaque can be so fragile that it is prone to rupture. The present findings suggest that such an occlusion may result in electrical instability more easily than occlusion of a more advanced coronary lesion.

title: @entity850 severity and the occurrence of @entity1540 during acute XXXX during balloon angioplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenoses']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular ectopy', 'ventricular ectopic activity']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'VA']

answer: @entity1563 :: (MESH:D054059,Disease) :: ['coronary occlusion']


abstract: To elucidate the incidence and determinants of early @entity943 ( @entity943 ) during acute @entity1563 , continuous electrocardiographic, heart rate, and blood pressure recordings were performed in 152 @entity1 during standardized balloon occlusions of significant (50% to 95%) @entity3979 . A control group of 13 @entity1 with chronic total occlusion of a coronary artery was also studied. None of them developed @entity943 during balloon inflation in the preexisting total occlusion of the artery. Balloon occlusion of a coronary artery was associated with occurrence of @entity1540 in 18 @entity1 ( @entity943 group, 12%). The @entity943 group had milder @entity850 severity (72% vs 81%, p < 0.001) than the rest of the @entity1 , and none of them had visible collaterals to the occluded vessel. The @entity943 group also had ST-segment deviations more often (p < 0.05) during occlusion than @entity1 with no @entity943 . Occlusion of the left anterior descending artery caused @entity943 more often (p < 0.05) than occlusion of the left circumflex or right coronary artery. No clinical or hemodynamic variable or medication was associated with the occurrence of @entity943 . In stepwise logistic regression analysis, the only significant predictors of @entity1540 were the @entity850 severity and the anterior site of @entity1563 . Even a nonstenotic plaque can be so fragile that it is prone to rupture. The present findings suggest that such an occlusion may result in electrical instability more easily than occlusion of a more advanced coronary lesion.

title: XXXX severity and the occurrence of @entity1540 during acute @entity1563 during balloon angioplasty.

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['Stenosis']


abstract: To elucidate the incidence and determinants of early @entity943 ( @entity943 ) during acute @entity1563 , continuous electrocardiographic, heart rate, and blood pressure recordings were performed in 152 @entity1 during standardized balloon occlusions of significant (50% to 95%) @entity3979 . A control group of 13 @entity1 with chronic total occlusion of a coronary artery was also studied. None of them developed @entity943 during balloon inflation in the preexisting total occlusion of the artery. Balloon occlusion of a coronary artery was associated with occurrence of @entity1540 in 18 @entity1 ( @entity943 group, 12%). The @entity943 group had milder @entity850 severity (72% vs 81%, p < 0.001) than the rest of the @entity1 , and none of them had visible collaterals to the occluded vessel. The @entity943 group also had ST-segment deviations more often (p < 0.05) during occlusion than @entity1 with no @entity943 . Occlusion of the left anterior descending artery caused @entity943 more often (p < 0.05) than occlusion of the left circumflex or right coronary artery. No clinical or hemodynamic variable or medication was associated with the occurrence of @entity943 . In stepwise logistic regression analysis, the only significant predictors of @entity1540 were the @entity850 severity and the anterior site of @entity1563 . Even a nonstenotic plaque can be so fragile that it is prone to rupture. The present findings suggest that such an occlusion may result in electrical instability more easily than occlusion of a more advanced coronary lesion.

title: @entity850 severity and the occurrence of XXXX during acute @entity1563 during balloon angioplasty.

answer: @entity1540 :: (MESH:D018879,Disease) :: ['ventricular ectopic activity']


abstract: Previous studies have revealed quantitative alterations in laminin-1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels during the development of @entity631 and @entity631 in @entity2132 in @entity19 , a model for @entity1988 . We have now studied the qualitative alterations in laminin expression with two monoclonal antibodies that recognize epitopes on either the E8 or the P1 fragment of laminin-1. Both of these fragments are involved in cell-matrix and matrix-matrix interactions. In normal glomeruli these laminin epitopes are present only in the mesangial matrix; during embryogenesis, however, they are also present in the glomerular basement membrane. The distribution of laminin epitopes was first studied by using immunofluorescence in kidneys of @entity19 with @entity2132 at different points in time after disease induction. Reflection contrast and immunoelectron microscopy were performed after in vivo injection of the horseradish peroxidase-coupled monoclonal antibodies. In glomeruli of @entity19 8 weeks after disease induction, both injected antibodies bound specifically in electron-dense immune deposits in the mesangium and subepithelially along the glomerular basement membrane as well as in the expanded mesangial matrix. At 11 and 12 weeks after disease induction, when focal and @entity17145 had developed, the antibodies additionally bound in the matrix subendothelially along the glomerular basement membrane and at the periphery of end-stage @entity75 . To study changes in the distribution of laminin epitopes over time, @entity19 were injected with either monoclonal antibody before induction of @entity2132 . The antibodies were detected 8 and 12 weeks later in the mesangial matrix of @entity19 with @entity1988 . Once @entity17145 had developed, the antibodies were additionally detected within the thickened glomerular capillary wall. The specific binding of anti-laminin monoclonal antibodies in electron-dense immune deposits further substantiates the hypothesis that anti-laminin autoantibodies participate in glomerular immune complex formation in this model, as suggested by earlier studies. Furthermore, our results show that the distribution of glomerular laminin epitopes in the matrix is altered during the development of @entity8 . These changes in the structure of the glomerular basement membrane may contribute to the abnormal cell-matrix and matrix-matrix interactions during the development of @entity8 in this model for @entity1988 .

title: Qualitative alterations in laminin expression in experimental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular disease']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['sclerotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['chronic graft-versus-host disease', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity17145 :: ('MESH:C538457', 'Disease') :: ['segmental glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulosclerosis', 'glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity1988 :: (MESH:D008181,Disease) :: ['lupus nephritis']