abstract: @entity65 represents one of the major health challenges in modern times and is the number one cause of @entity204 globally. Thus, numerous studies are under way to identify effective cell- and/or @entity2140 ( @entity2140 )-based therapies for repairing damaged cardiac tissue. In this regard, improving the engraftment or survival of regenerative cells and prolonging @entity2140 exposure have become fundamental goals in advancing these therapeutic approaches. Biomaterials have emerged as innovative scaffolds for the delivery of both cells and proteins in tissue engineering applications. In the present study, electrospinning was used to generate smooth homogenous polymeric fibers, which consisted of a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/NCO-sP(EO-stat-PO) polymer blend encapsulating the cardioactive @entity2140 , @entity32599 ( @entity32599 ). We evaluated the biocompatibility and degradation of this @entity32599 -containing biomaterial in a @entity35 model of @entity741 . Histological analysis revealed the presence of an initial acute inflammatory response after implantation, which was followed by a chronic inflammatory phase, characterized by the presence of giant cells. Notably, the scaffold remained in the heart after 3 months. Furthermore, an increase in the M2:M1 macrophage ratio following implantation suggested the induction of constructive tissue remodeling. Taken together, the combination of @entity32599 -encapsulating scaffolds with cells capable of inducing cardiac regeneration could represent an ambitious and promising therapeutic strategy for repairing diseased or damaged myocardial tissue.

title: Polymeric electrospun scaffolds: neuregulin encapsulation and biocompatibility studies in a model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['myocardial ischemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Direct addition of powdered activated @entity505 (PAC) to a deep-bed filter was investigated at pilot-scale as a single advanced treatment stage for simultaneous removal of organic micropollutants (OMPs) and @entity3151 from secondary effluent. PAC doses of 10-50  mg/L were assessed with regard to their impacts on filter performance and removal of 15 selected OMPs over a period of 18 months. The PAC was effectively retained by the filter and had no negative effect on filter head loss. Filter runtime until particle breakthrough depended mainly on coagulant dose and did not decrease significantly due to the additional PAC load. Removal of suspended solids and @entity3151 by coagulation was effective independent of the PAC dose. A PAC dose of 35  mg/L PAC was suitable to remove well-adsorbing OMPs (e.g. @entity2049 , @entity3522 ) by >80% and medium adsorbing OMPs (e.g. @entity8821 , @entity207 ) by 50-80%. Median removals were 50-80% for well-adsorbing and 30-50% for medium adsorbing OMPs with 20  mg/L PAC. Abatement of all OMPs was low (<50%) with 10  mg/L PAC, possibly because of the high effluent organic matter content (median dissolved organic @entity505 (DOC) concentrations of 11.2  mg/L). In addition to adsorptive removal, relevant concentration decreases of certain OMPs (e.g. @entity23135 ) were attributed to biological transformation in the filter. Adsorption onto accumulating PAC in the top layer of the filter bed led to improved @entity34200 adsorption with increasing filter runtime. The comparison of @entity34200 removal in the pilot filter with laboratory adsorption tests demonstrates that batch test results can be applied to estimate adsorptive @entity34200 removal in real applications.

title: Integrating organic micropollutant removal into tertiary filtration: Combining PAC adsorption with advanced XXXX removal.

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity8821 :: ('MESH:D011324', 'Chemical') :: ['primidone']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity23135 :: ('MESH:C011256', 'Chemical') :: ['4-formylaminoantipyrine']

answer: @entity3151 :: (MESH:D010758,Chemical) :: ['phosphorus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study documents the @entity2798 in medication use in @entity1 with refractory chronic @entity2371 utilizing a protocol of pelvic floor myofascial trigger point release with an FDA approved internal trigger point wand and paradoxical relaxation therapy. Self-referred @entity1 were enrolled in a 6-day training clinic from October, 2008 to May, 2011 and followed the protocol for 6  months. Medication usage and symptom scores on a 1-10 scale (10  =  most severe) were collected at baseline, @entity676  months. All changes in medication use were at the @entity1 's discretion. Changes in medication use were assessed by McNemar's test in both complete case and modified intention to treat (mITT) analyses. 374 out of 396 @entity1 met inclusion criteria; 79.7  % were male, median age of 43  years and median symptom duration of 5  years. In the complete case analysis, the percent of @entity1 using medications at baseline was 63.6  %. After 6  months of treatment the percentage was 40.1  %, a 36.9  % reduction (p  <  0.001). In the mITT analysis, there was a 22.7  % overall reduction from baseline (p  <  0.001). Medication cessation at 6  months was significantly associated with a reduction in total symptoms (p  =  0.03).

title: Chronic XXXX : Reduction of Medication Use After Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy with an Internal Myofascial Trigger Point Wand.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2798 :: ('MESH:D009155', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary reduction']

answer: @entity2371 :: (MESH:D017699,Disease) :: ['Pelvic Pain Syndrome']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Spontaneous resolution of @entity543 is a phenomenon that has been described in literature in the past. At present it is not routine practise to scan @entity1 prior to carotid endarterectomy surgery within the UK. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 58 year old female presented to hospital with a history of sudden onset @entity10 and @entity425 . CT head showed findings in keeping with an acute right MCA territory @entity1188 . A duplex ultrasound scan showed echolucent material in the right internal carotid artery forming a greater than 95% @entity850 . The scan was unable to visualise the patency of the vessel distally due to the position of the mandible. The @entity1 was provisionally listed for carotid endarterectomy. An MRA was requested prior to surgery to assess the patency of the distal internal carotid artery. The MRA of the carotids showed normal appearance of the common carotid, internal and vertebral arteries with no definite @entity850 . A repeat duplex ultrasound confirmed there was no significant @entity850 . DISCUSSION: The finding of complete resolution of @entity850 on MRA was an unexpected event. Had the initial duplex imaging allowed visualisation of the distal vessel patency, our @entity1 would have undergone unnecessary carotid surgery with the associated morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSION: This case report draws attention to the benefits of selective preoperative scanning, in sparing @entity1 from unnecessary surgery as a result of finding occlusion or resolution of a previously diagnosed @entity543 .

title: Resolution of XXXX pre-carotid intervention: A case for selective preoperative duplex ultrasound.

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['left sided weakness']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

answer: @entity543 :: (MESH:D016893,Disease) :: ['carotid stenosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We investigated whether disclosure of @entity301 ( @entity301 ) genetic risk influences @entity1314 ( @entity1314 ) and genetic counseling satisfaction (GCS). @entity1 (n   =   207, age: 45-65   years) were randomized to receive estimated 10-year risk of @entity301 based on a @entity7617 ( @entity7617 ) with or without a genetic risk score (GRS). Risk estimates were disclosed by a genetic counselor who also reviewed how GRS altered risk in those randomized to @entity7617 +GRS. Each @entity1 subsequently met with a physician and then completed surveys to assess @entity1314 and GCS. @entity1 who received @entity7617 +GRS had higher @entity1314 than those who received @entity7617 alone although the absolute difference was small (25.2        2.7 vs 24.1        3.8, p   =   0.04). A greater proportion of @entity7617 +GRS @entity1 had higher GCS scores (17.3        5.3 vs 15.9        6.3, p   =   0.06). In the @entity7617 +GRS group, @entity1314 and GCS scores were not correlated with GRS. Within both groups, @entity1314 and GCS scores were similar in @entity1 with or without family history (p   =   NS). In conclusion, @entity1 who received their genetic risk of @entity301 had higher @entity1314 and tended to have higher GCS. Our findings suggest that disclosure of genetic risk of @entity301 together with conventional risk estimates is appreciated by @entity1 . Whether this results in improved outcomes needs additional investigation.

title: Disclosing genetic risk for XXXX : effects on @entity1314 and genetic counseling satisfaction.

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['PPC', 'perceived personal control']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity7617 :: ('MESH:C563514', 'Disease') :: ['conventional risk score', 'CRS']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We investigated whether disclosure of @entity301 ( @entity301 ) genetic risk influences @entity1314 ( @entity1314 ) and genetic counseling satisfaction (GCS). @entity1 (n   =   207, age: 45-65   years) were randomized to receive estimated 10-year risk of @entity301 based on a @entity7617 ( @entity7617 ) with or without a genetic risk score (GRS). Risk estimates were disclosed by a genetic counselor who also reviewed how GRS altered risk in those randomized to @entity7617 +GRS. Each @entity1 subsequently met with a physician and then completed surveys to assess @entity1314 and GCS. @entity1 who received @entity7617 +GRS had higher @entity1314 than those who received @entity7617 alone although the absolute difference was small (25.2        2.7 vs 24.1        3.8, p   =   0.04). A greater proportion of @entity7617 +GRS @entity1 had higher GCS scores (17.3        5.3 vs 15.9        6.3, p   =   0.06). In the @entity7617 +GRS group, @entity1314 and GCS scores were not correlated with GRS. Within both groups, @entity1314 and GCS scores were similar in @entity1 with or without family history (p   =   NS). In conclusion, @entity1 who received their genetic risk of @entity301 had higher @entity1314 and tended to have higher GCS. Our findings suggest that disclosure of genetic risk of @entity301 together with conventional risk estimates is appreciated by @entity1 . Whether this results in improved outcomes needs additional investigation.

title: Disclosing genetic risk for @entity301 : effects on XXXX and genetic counseling satisfaction.

answer: @entity1314 :: (MESH:D010554,Disease) :: ['perceived personal control']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the time course of @entity854 and the link with macrovascular endothelial function and circulating markers of endothelial activation in @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) in @entity35 . METHODS: Microvascular function/structure and mechanics were studied in third-order mesenteric arteries subjected to flow and/or pressure on day 4 (preclinical @entity625 ), day 11 ( @entity625 ), day 33 (severe disease), and day 90 (when @entity32 has resolved) after @entity1753 induction. Macrovascular function was studied in aortic rings, and blood pressure, plasma levels of @entity40109 ( @entity40109 ), @entity1590 ( @entity1590 ), and @entity297 ( @entity297 ) were measured at each time point. RESULTS: Mesenteric flow-mediated vasodilation was significantly reduced from @entity625 to @entity102 , whereas increased microvascular arterial stiffness was evident only on day 33. @entity409 was observed only on day 33. Thus, on day 90, whereas @entity35 with @entity1753 recovered normal macrovascular endothelial function, microvascular endothelial function remained impaired. No correlation was found between micro- and macrovascular endothelial function throughout the course of @entity625 (r = 0.180, P = 0.229). Furthermore, no correlation was found between @entity40109 levels, @entity1590 levels, and endothelial function whatever the vascular bed. @entity1753 was not associated with change in blood pressure or VCAM levels. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that microvascular @entity409 occurs earlier than macrovascular @entity409 and microvascular arterial stiffness during @entity625 , suggesting that microvascular endothelial function would be a valuable tool for the early assessment of cardiovascular risk in @entity309 . Neither the @entity1590 level nor the @entity40109 level is a good marker of micro- or macrovascular @entity409 .

title: XXXX in @entity1753 : relationship to macrovascular endothelial function and markers of endothelial activation.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity297 :: ('25361(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['VCAM-1', 'vascular cell adhesion molecule 1']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['very early arthritis', 'arthritis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Macrovascular endothelial dysfunction', 'endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['AIA', 'adjuvant-induced arthritis']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1590 :: ('25464(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular adhesion molecule 1']

answer: @entity854 :: (MESH:D018376,Disease) :: ['Microvascular abnormalities']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the time course of @entity854 and the link with macrovascular endothelial function and circulating markers of endothelial activation in @entity1753 ( @entity1753 ) in @entity35 . METHODS: Microvascular function/structure and mechanics were studied in third-order mesenteric arteries subjected to flow and/or pressure on day 4 (preclinical @entity625 ), day 11 ( @entity625 ), day 33 (severe disease), and day 90 (when @entity32 has resolved) after @entity1753 induction. Macrovascular function was studied in aortic rings, and blood pressure, plasma levels of @entity40109 ( @entity40109 ), @entity1590 ( @entity1590 ), and @entity297 ( @entity297 ) were measured at each time point. RESULTS: Mesenteric flow-mediated vasodilation was significantly reduced from @entity625 to @entity102 , whereas increased microvascular arterial stiffness was evident only on day 33. @entity409 was observed only on day 33. Thus, on day 90, whereas @entity35 with @entity1753 recovered normal macrovascular endothelial function, microvascular endothelial function remained impaired. No correlation was found between micro- and macrovascular endothelial function throughout the course of @entity625 (r = 0.180, P = 0.229). Furthermore, no correlation was found between @entity40109 levels, @entity1590 levels, and endothelial function whatever the vascular bed. @entity1753 was not associated with change in blood pressure or VCAM levels. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that microvascular @entity409 occurs earlier than macrovascular @entity409 and microvascular arterial stiffness during @entity625 , suggesting that microvascular endothelial function would be a valuable tool for the early assessment of cardiovascular risk in @entity309 . Neither the @entity1590 level nor the @entity40109 level is a good marker of micro- or macrovascular @entity409 .

title: @entity854 in XXXX : relationship to macrovascular endothelial function and markers of endothelial activation.

answer: @entity1753 :: (MESH:D001169,Disease) :: ['adjuvant-induced arthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To retrospectively determine whether the application of thermal ablation to recurrent and advanced @entity135 ( @entity135 ) could allow for @entity5 control. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2002 to 2014, 22 @entity1 (17 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 ; mean age, 64 y; age range, 42-88 y) with unresectable @entity135 lesions treated with thermal ablation were evaluated. @entity1 were followed at 3 and 6 months after treatment, every 6 months for 5 years, and yearly thereafter with computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging. The mean follow-up period was 32.2 months (range, 3-51 mo). RESULTS: Three of 22 @entity1 with @entity75 are still alive; two of these @entity1 were treated with radiofrequency (RF) ablation and one was treated with microwave (MW) ablation. Of the 19 remaining @entity1 , four were treated with MW ablation and 15 were treated with RF ablation. Imaging revealed partial response in eight @entity1 , and complete response was observed in the remaining 14. There were two major complications after ablation treatment. The mean survival time was 32.9 months    3.205 (standard error; 95% confidence interval [CI], 26.6-39.2 mo). The survival time for MW ablation cases (36 mo    5.185; 95% CI, 25.8-46.16 mo) was longer than for RF ablation (32.2 mo    3.911; 95% CI, 24.5-39.8 mo), although the CI overlap between the groups is large. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous thermal ablation is a promising alternative treatment for local control of incurable @entity135 .

title: Preliminary Results in Unresectable XXXX Treated by Radiofrequency and Microwave Ablation: Feasibility, Efficacy, and Safety.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['local tumor']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'HNC']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesions']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['Head and Neck Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The rapid development of high-volume horizontal hydraulic fracturing for mining natural gas from shale has posed potential impacts on @entity1 health and biodiversity. The produced flow back waters after hydraulic stimulation are known to carry high levels of saline and total dissolved solids. To understand the @entity137 and potential carcinogenic effects of these wastewaters, flow back waters from five Marcellus hydraulic fracturing oil and gas wells were analyzed. The physicochemical nature of these samples was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. A @entity137 study using colony formation as the endpoint was carried out to define the LC50 values of test samples using @entity1 bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). The BEAS-2B cell transformation assay was employed to assess the carcinogenic potential of the samples. Barium and @entity9756 were among the most abundant metals in these samples and the same metals were found to be elevated in BEAS-2B cells after long-term treatment. BEAS-2B cells treated for 6weeks with flow back waters produced colony formation in soft agar that was concentration dependent. In addition, flow back water-transformed BEAS-2B cells show better migration capability when compared to control cells. This study provides information needed to assess the potential health impact of post-hydraulic fracturing flow back waters from Marcellus Shale natural gas mining.

title: Malignant XXXX cell transformation of Marcellus Shale gas drilling flow back water.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity9756 :: ('MESH:D013324', 'Chemical') :: ['strontium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Habitat loss, @entity1949 and urban expansion may drive some species to marginal habitats while others succeed in exploiting urban areas. Species that show dietary flexibility are more able to take advantage of @entity1 activities to supplement their diet with anthropogenically abundant and accessible resources. The @entity34108 ( @entity34108 ) is an endangered species due to the loss of its habitat, and @entity1 pressure. The population of Gouraya National Park (Algeria) lives in a relictual habitat that constitutes about 0.6% of the species range. In addition, this population is a unique case where urban expansion favours contact zones between @entity34108 habitats and a big city (Bejaia). We quantified the dietary composition of Gouraya macaques over an annual cycle with the objective to understand how diet flexibility of this species may help it adapt to a relictual habitat or cope with urban expansion. We recorded the phenology of plant species every month. This study shows that Gouraya macaques, compared to those living in other forest types of the distribution area, are under lower seasonal constraints. They consume a greater amount of fruit and seeds that are available throughout much of the year, and a lesser amount of costly to find and extract subterranean foods. Therefore the Gouraya relictual habitat appears as a favourable environment compared to other major habitats of that species. This study also shows that colonizing peri-urban zones increases the availability and species richness of diet resources for @entity34108 as they consume more @entity1 foods and exotic plants than in farther sites. Adult males eat more @entity1 foods than adult females and immatures do. The exploitation of high-energy anthropogenic food could favour macaque population growth and expansion towards the city center associated with @entity1 /macaque conflicts. We recommend applying management actions to restore macaques back to their natural habitat.

title: Is Diet Flexibility an Adaptive Life Trait for Relictual and Peri-Urban Populations of the Endangered Primate XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['fragmentation']

entities_list: @entity34108 :: ('9546', 'Species') :: ['Macaca sylvanus', 'Barbary macaques', 'Barbary macaque']

answer: @entity34108 :: (9546,Species) :: ['Macaca sylvanus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity934 ( @entity3451 ) acts through nicotinic and muscarinic @entity3451 receptors in the ventral midbrain and striatal areas to influence @entity935 (DA) transmission. This cholinergic control of DA transmission is important for processes such as attention and motivated behavior, and is manipulated by @entity1239 in @entity286 products. Identifying and characterizing the key @entity3451 receptors involved in cholinergic control of DA transmission could lead to small molecule therapeutics for treating disorders involving @entity71 , @entity191 , and @entity161 . a6-Containing nicotinic @entity934 receptors (nAChRs) are highly and specifically expressed in midbrain DA neurons, making them an attractive drug target. Here, we used genetic, pharmacological, behavioral, and biophysical approaches to study this @entity15683 subtype. For many experiments, we used @entity19 expressing mutant a6 nAChRs ("a6L9S" @entity19 ) that increase the sensitivity of these receptors to agonists such as @entity3451 and @entity1239 . Taking advantage of a simple behavioral phenotype exhibited by a6L9S @entity19 , we compared the ability of full versus partial a6(   ) @entity15683 agonists to activate a6(   ) nAChRs in vivo. Using local infusions of both agonists and antagonists into the brain, we demonstrate that neurons and nAChRs in the midbrain are sufficient to account for this behavioral response. To complement these behavioral studies, we studied the ability of in vivo a6(   ) @entity15683 activation to support plasticity changes in midbrain DA neurons that are relevant to behavioral sensitization and addiction. By coupling local infusion of drugs and brain slice patch-clamp electrophysiology, we show that activating a6(   ) nAChRs in midbrain DA areas is sufficient to enhance glutamatergic transmission in ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons. Together, these results from in vivo studies strongly suggest that a6(   ) nAChRs expressed by VTA DA neurons are positioned to strongly influence both DA-mediated behaviors and the induction of synaptic plasticity by @entity1239 .

title: a6-Containing nicotinic @entity934 receptors in midbrain XXXX neurons are poised to govern @entity935 -mediated behaviors and synaptic plasticity.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['attention, addiction']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine', 'Acetylcholine']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity934 ( @entity3451 ) acts through nicotinic and muscarinic @entity3451 receptors in the ventral midbrain and striatal areas to influence @entity935 (DA) transmission. This cholinergic control of DA transmission is important for processes such as attention and motivated behavior, and is manipulated by @entity1239 in @entity286 products. Identifying and characterizing the key @entity3451 receptors involved in cholinergic control of DA transmission could lead to small molecule therapeutics for treating disorders involving @entity71 , @entity191 , and @entity161 . a6-Containing nicotinic @entity934 receptors (nAChRs) are highly and specifically expressed in midbrain DA neurons, making them an attractive drug target. Here, we used genetic, pharmacological, behavioral, and biophysical approaches to study this @entity15683 subtype. For many experiments, we used @entity19 expressing mutant a6 nAChRs ("a6L9S" @entity19 ) that increase the sensitivity of these receptors to agonists such as @entity3451 and @entity1239 . Taking advantage of a simple behavioral phenotype exhibited by a6L9S @entity19 , we compared the ability of full versus partial a6(   ) @entity15683 agonists to activate a6(   ) nAChRs in vivo. Using local infusions of both agonists and antagonists into the brain, we demonstrate that neurons and nAChRs in the midbrain are sufficient to account for this behavioral response. To complement these behavioral studies, we studied the ability of in vivo a6(   ) @entity15683 activation to support plasticity changes in midbrain DA neurons that are relevant to behavioral sensitization and addiction. By coupling local infusion of drugs and brain slice patch-clamp electrophysiology, we show that activating a6(   ) nAChRs in midbrain DA areas is sufficient to enhance glutamatergic transmission in ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons. Together, these results from in vivo studies strongly suggest that a6(   ) nAChRs expressed by VTA DA neurons are positioned to strongly influence both DA-mediated behaviors and the induction of synaptic plasticity by @entity1239 .

title: a6-Containing nicotinic @entity934 receptors in midbrain @entity935 neurons are poised to govern XXXX -mediated behaviors and synaptic plasticity.

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity934 ( @entity3451 ) acts through nicotinic and muscarinic @entity3451 receptors in the ventral midbrain and striatal areas to influence @entity935 (DA) transmission. This cholinergic control of DA transmission is important for processes such as attention and motivated behavior, and is manipulated by @entity1239 in @entity286 products. Identifying and characterizing the key @entity3451 receptors involved in cholinergic control of DA transmission could lead to small molecule therapeutics for treating disorders involving @entity71 , @entity191 , and @entity161 . a6-Containing nicotinic @entity934 receptors (nAChRs) are highly and specifically expressed in midbrain DA neurons, making them an attractive drug target. Here, we used genetic, pharmacological, behavioral, and biophysical approaches to study this @entity15683 subtype. For many experiments, we used @entity19 expressing mutant a6 nAChRs ("a6L9S" @entity19 ) that increase the sensitivity of these receptors to agonists such as @entity3451 and @entity1239 . Taking advantage of a simple behavioral phenotype exhibited by a6L9S @entity19 , we compared the ability of full versus partial a6(   ) @entity15683 agonists to activate a6(   ) nAChRs in vivo. Using local infusions of both agonists and antagonists into the brain, we demonstrate that neurons and nAChRs in the midbrain are sufficient to account for this behavioral response. To complement these behavioral studies, we studied the ability of in vivo a6(   ) @entity15683 activation to support plasticity changes in midbrain DA neurons that are relevant to behavioral sensitization and addiction. By coupling local infusion of drugs and brain slice patch-clamp electrophysiology, we show that activating a6(   ) nAChRs in midbrain DA areas is sufficient to enhance glutamatergic transmission in ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons. Together, these results from in vivo studies strongly suggest that a6(   ) nAChRs expressed by VTA DA neurons are positioned to strongly influence both DA-mediated behaviors and the induction of synaptic plasticity by @entity1239 .

title: a6-Containing nicotinic XXXX receptors in midbrain @entity935 neurons are poised to govern @entity935 -mediated behaviors and synaptic plasticity.

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose: We evaluated the effects of adjuvant intravitreal bevacizumab injection on the outcomes of @entity726 valve (AGV) implantation in @entity1 with @entity2297 ( @entity2297 ) through a systematic literature review. Methods: An extensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was performed in November 2014 for selection of relevant studies. The weighted mean difference of the percentage of intraocular pressure reduction (IOPR%) from baseline to endpoint was used as the primary efficacy estimate, and Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the success rate were used as the secondary efficacy estimates. The incidence of adverse events was also documented through a review of the studies. Results: Six studies involving 252 @entity1 (256 eyes) were included in this systematic review. The differences in the means and 95% CIs of the IOPR% of 6 studies showed that adjuvant bevacizumab treatment tended to be more effective than AGV implantation alone. Comparison of the outcomes of AGV implantation only with those of AGV implantation+adjuvant bevacizumab showed a success rate in favor of AGV implantation+adjuvant bevacizumab. The incidence of @entity548 -associated complications such as @entity5891 , @entity548 , and @entity548 was lower in association with combination treatment than with AGV implantation only. Combination treatment seemed to be associated with a lower incidence of other adverse effects such as @entity8814 , flat chamber, @entity1713 /effusion, @entity455 , and @entity2687 . Conclusion: AGV implantation with adjuvant bevacizumab was more effective and had a higher success rate than surgery alone for lowering IOP in @entity1 with @entity2297 . The combined procedure tended to show a lower incidence of @entity548 -associated complications, such as @entity5891 .

title: Beneficial Effects of Adjuvant Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection on Outcomes of Ahmed XXXX in @entity1 with @entity2297 : Systematic Literature Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['tube-associated complications']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'suprachoroidal hemorrhage', 'vitreous hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal detachment']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['Ahmed glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal decompensation']

entities_list: @entity2297 :: ('MESH:D015355', 'Disease') :: ['NVG', 'neovascular glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma Valve Implantation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose: We evaluated the effects of adjuvant intravitreal bevacizumab injection on the outcomes of @entity726 valve (AGV) implantation in @entity1 with @entity2297 ( @entity2297 ) through a systematic literature review. Methods: An extensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was performed in November 2014 for selection of relevant studies. The weighted mean difference of the percentage of intraocular pressure reduction (IOPR%) from baseline to endpoint was used as the primary efficacy estimate, and Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the success rate were used as the secondary efficacy estimates. The incidence of adverse events was also documented through a review of the studies. Results: Six studies involving 252 @entity1 (256 eyes) were included in this systematic review. The differences in the means and 95% CIs of the IOPR% of 6 studies showed that adjuvant bevacizumab treatment tended to be more effective than AGV implantation alone. Comparison of the outcomes of AGV implantation only with those of AGV implantation+adjuvant bevacizumab showed a success rate in favor of AGV implantation+adjuvant bevacizumab. The incidence of @entity548 -associated complications such as @entity5891 , @entity548 , and @entity548 was lower in association with combination treatment than with AGV implantation only. Combination treatment seemed to be associated with a lower incidence of other adverse effects such as @entity8814 , flat chamber, @entity1713 /effusion, @entity455 , and @entity2687 . Conclusion: AGV implantation with adjuvant bevacizumab was more effective and had a higher success rate than surgery alone for lowering IOP in @entity1 with @entity2297 . The combined procedure tended to show a lower incidence of @entity548 -associated complications, such as @entity5891 .

title: Beneficial Effects of Adjuvant Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection on Outcomes of Ahmed @entity726 in @entity1 with XXXX : Systematic Literature Review.

answer: @entity2297 :: (MESH:D015355,Disease) :: ['Neovascular Glaucoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose: We evaluated the effects of adjuvant intravitreal bevacizumab injection on the outcomes of @entity726 valve (AGV) implantation in @entity1 with @entity2297 ( @entity2297 ) through a systematic literature review. Methods: An extensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was performed in November 2014 for selection of relevant studies. The weighted mean difference of the percentage of intraocular pressure reduction (IOPR%) from baseline to endpoint was used as the primary efficacy estimate, and Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the success rate were used as the secondary efficacy estimates. The incidence of adverse events was also documented through a review of the studies. Results: Six studies involving 252 @entity1 (256 eyes) were included in this systematic review. The differences in the means and 95% CIs of the IOPR% of 6 studies showed that adjuvant bevacizumab treatment tended to be more effective than AGV implantation alone. Comparison of the outcomes of AGV implantation only with those of AGV implantation+adjuvant bevacizumab showed a success rate in favor of AGV implantation+adjuvant bevacizumab. The incidence of @entity548 -associated complications such as @entity5891 , @entity548 , and @entity548 was lower in association with combination treatment than with AGV implantation only. Combination treatment seemed to be associated with a lower incidence of other adverse effects such as @entity8814 , flat chamber, @entity1713 /effusion, @entity455 , and @entity2687 . Conclusion: AGV implantation with adjuvant bevacizumab was more effective and had a higher success rate than surgery alone for lowering IOP in @entity1 with @entity2297 . The combined procedure tended to show a lower incidence of @entity548 -associated complications, such as @entity5891 .

title: Beneficial Effects of Adjuvant Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection on Outcomes of Ahmed @entity726 in XXXX with @entity2297 : Systematic Literature Review.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of dietary @entity1131 ( @entity1131 ) intake on ileal @entity3689 digestibilities and expression of genes for digestive enzymes in growing and finishing @entity1707 . In Experiment 1, 18 growing @entity1707 (average initial BW = 36.5 kg) were assigned randomly into one of three treatments (n = 6/treatment group) representing normal (18 % @entity1131 ), low (15 % @entity1131 ), and very low (12 % @entity1131 ) protein intake. In Experiment 2, 18 finishing @entity1707 (average initial BW = 62.3 kg) were allotted randomly into one of three treatments (n = 6/treatment group), representing normal (16 % @entity1131 ), low (13 % @entity1131 ) and very low (10 % @entity1131 ) protein intake. In both experiments, diets with low and very low @entity1131 were supplemented with crystalline @entity3534 to achieve equal content of standardized ileal digestible Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp, and were provided to @entity1707 ad libitum. Daily feed intake, BW, and feed/gain ratios were determined. At the end of each experiment, all @entity1707 were slaughtered to collect pancreas, small-intestine samples, and terminal ileal chymes. Samples were used for determining expression of genes for digestive enzymes and ileal @entity3689 digestibilities. Growing @entity1707 fed the 12 % @entity1131 and 15 % @entity1131 diets had lower final body weight (P < 0.01) and ADG (P < 0.0001) when compared with @entity1707 fed the 18 % dietary @entity1131 diet. Growing @entity1707 fed with the 12 % @entity1131 diet showed higher digestibilities for @entity1131 (P < 0.05), @entity3918 (P < 0.05), Lys (P < 0.0001), Met (P < 0.01), @entity2569 (P < 0.01), Thr (P < 0.01), Trp (P < 0.05), @entity2596 (P < 0.05), @entity815 (P < 0.05), Ala (P < 0.05), @entity2569 (P < 0.01), and @entity4022 (P < 0.05) than those fed the 18 % @entity1131 diet. Finishing @entity1707 fed the 16 % @entity1131 diet had a higher (P < 0.01) final body weight than those fed the 10 % @entity1131 diet. mRNA levels for digestive enzymes ( @entity71546 , chymotrypsin B, and dipeptidases-II and III) differed among the three groups of @entity1707 (P < 0.05), and no difference was noted in the genes expression between control group and lower @entity1131 group. These results indicated that a reduction of dietary @entity1131 by a six-percentage value limited the growth performance of growing-finishing @entity1707 and that a low-protein diet supplemented with deficient @entity3534 could reduce the excretion of @entity1568 into the environment without affecting @entity1017 .

title: Low-protein diets affect ileal XXXX digestibility and gene expression of digestive enzymes in growing and finishing @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity3534 :: ('MESH:D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1131 :: ('MESH:D011488', 'Disease') :: ['CP', 'crude protein']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity3689 :: (D000596,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of dietary @entity1131 ( @entity1131 ) intake on ileal @entity3689 digestibilities and expression of genes for digestive enzymes in growing and finishing @entity1707 . In Experiment 1, 18 growing @entity1707 (average initial BW = 36.5 kg) were assigned randomly into one of three treatments (n = 6/treatment group) representing normal (18 % @entity1131 ), low (15 % @entity1131 ), and very low (12 % @entity1131 ) protein intake. In Experiment 2, 18 finishing @entity1707 (average initial BW = 62.3 kg) were allotted randomly into one of three treatments (n = 6/treatment group), representing normal (16 % @entity1131 ), low (13 % @entity1131 ) and very low (10 % @entity1131 ) protein intake. In both experiments, diets with low and very low @entity1131 were supplemented with crystalline @entity3534 to achieve equal content of standardized ileal digestible Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp, and were provided to @entity1707 ad libitum. Daily feed intake, BW, and feed/gain ratios were determined. At the end of each experiment, all @entity1707 were slaughtered to collect pancreas, small-intestine samples, and terminal ileal chymes. Samples were used for determining expression of genes for digestive enzymes and ileal @entity3689 digestibilities. Growing @entity1707 fed the 12 % @entity1131 and 15 % @entity1131 diets had lower final body weight (P < 0.01) and ADG (P < 0.0001) when compared with @entity1707 fed the 18 % dietary @entity1131 diet. Growing @entity1707 fed with the 12 % @entity1131 diet showed higher digestibilities for @entity1131 (P < 0.05), @entity3918 (P < 0.05), Lys (P < 0.0001), Met (P < 0.01), @entity2569 (P < 0.01), Thr (P < 0.01), Trp (P < 0.05), @entity2596 (P < 0.05), @entity815 (P < 0.05), Ala (P < 0.05), @entity2569 (P < 0.01), and @entity4022 (P < 0.05) than those fed the 18 % @entity1131 diet. Finishing @entity1707 fed the 16 % @entity1131 diet had a higher (P < 0.01) final body weight than those fed the 10 % @entity1131 diet. mRNA levels for digestive enzymes ( @entity71546 , chymotrypsin B, and dipeptidases-II and III) differed among the three groups of @entity1707 (P < 0.05), and no difference was noted in the genes expression between control group and lower @entity1131 group. These results indicated that a reduction of dietary @entity1131 by a six-percentage value limited the growth performance of growing-finishing @entity1707 and that a low-protein diet supplemented with deficient @entity3534 could reduce the excretion of @entity1568 into the environment without affecting @entity1017 .

title: Low-protein diets affect ileal @entity3689 digestibility and gene expression of digestive enzymes in growing and finishing XXXX .

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between serum autoantibodies and survival in @entity1 with incident @entity785 ( @entity785 )-pulmonary arterial @entity101 (PAH) enrolled in the Pulmonary Hypertension Assessment and Recognition of Outcomes in @entity2631 (PHAROS) Registry. METHODS: @entity1 with definite PAH diagnosed by right heart catheterization within 6 months of registry enrollment were studied. Serum autoantibodies were assayed at each participating institution's clinical laboratory. Mortality data were collected from electronic medical records and/or the Social Security Death Index. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were reported for five autoantibody groups (anticentromere/AC, nucleolar ANA/ @entity28558 , anti-topoisomerase/Scl-70, overlapping or non-specific autoantibodies/other, and a combined group with similar survival consisting of RNA polymerase III, @entity8107 , and autoantibody-negative @entity1 ). Cox proportional hazards models permitted examination of the association between autoantibody groups and overall survival, controlling for age, sex, race, and @entity785 disease duration. RESULTS: In all, 162 subjects had PAH, and serum autoantibody and survival information; 60 (37%) had AC, 39 (24%) @entity28558 , 11 (7%) Scl-70, 28 (17%) had other, 9 (6%) RNA pol, 8 (5%) @entity8107 autoantibodies, and 7 (4%) had negative antibodies; 32 (20%) subjects died over a median follow-up time of 2.1 years (range: 0.01-6.8); 1- and 3-year survival estimates were, respectively, 94% and 78% for AC, 94% and 72% for @entity28558 , 89% and 63% for Scl-70, 92% and 79% for the other group, and 100% and 93% for the combined group. Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios revealed no statistically significant association between risk of death and autoantibodies. CONCLUSION: Anticentromere and @entity28558 autoantibodies are prevalent in @entity785 -PAH @entity1 . An association between serum autoantibodies and survival in @entity1 with @entity785 -PAH was not identified in the PHAROS cohort.

title: Survival in systemic sclerosis-pulmonary arterial hypertension by serum autoantibody status in the Pulmonary Hypertension Assessment and Recognition of Outcomes in XXXX (PHAROS) Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['Scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity2631 :: (MESH:D012594,Disease) :: ['Scleroderma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare dynamic and static tibial translation, in @entity1 with anterior cruciate @entity942 , at 2- to 5-year follow-up, with the tibial translation after 4  months of rehabilitation initiated early after the injury. Secondarily, to compare tibial translation in the injured knee and non-injured knee and explore correlations between dynamic and static tibial translation. METHODS: Twelve @entity1 with ACL @entity397 were assessed at 3-8  weeks after @entity130 , after 4  months of structured rehabilitation, and 2-5  years after @entity130 . Sagittal tibial translation was measured during the Lachman test (static translation) and during gait (dynamic translation) using a CA-4000 electrogoniometer. RESULTS: Static tibial translation was increased bilateral 2-5  years after @entity130 , whereas the dynamic tibial translation was unchanged. Tibial translation was greater in the injured knee compared with the non-injured knee (Lachman test 134  N 9.1      1.0 vs. 7.0      1.7  mm, P  =  0.001, gait 5.6      2.1 vs. 4.7      1.8  mm, P  =  0.011). There were no correlations between dynamic and static tibial translation. CONCLUSION: Dynamic tibial translation was unchanged in spite of increased static tibial translation in the ACL-deficient knee at 2- to 5-year follow-up compared to directly after rehabilitation. Dynamic tibial translation did not correlate with the static tibial translation. A more normal gait kinematics may be maintained from completion of a rehabilitation programme to mid-term follow-up in @entity1 with @entity942 treated with rehabilitation only. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: Dynamic and static tibial translation in @entity1 with anterior cruciate XXXX initially treated with a structured rehabilitation protocol.

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['ligament deficiency', 'ACL deficiency']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ACL injury']

answer: @entity942 :: (MESH:D003677,Disease) :: ['ligament deficiency']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare dynamic and static tibial translation, in @entity1 with anterior cruciate @entity942 , at 2- to 5-year follow-up, with the tibial translation after 4  months of rehabilitation initiated early after the injury. Secondarily, to compare tibial translation in the injured knee and non-injured knee and explore correlations between dynamic and static tibial translation. METHODS: Twelve @entity1 with ACL @entity397 were assessed at 3-8  weeks after @entity130 , after 4  months of structured rehabilitation, and 2-5  years after @entity130 . Sagittal tibial translation was measured during the Lachman test (static translation) and during gait (dynamic translation) using a CA-4000 electrogoniometer. RESULTS: Static tibial translation was increased bilateral 2-5  years after @entity130 , whereas the dynamic tibial translation was unchanged. Tibial translation was greater in the injured knee compared with the non-injured knee (Lachman test 134  N 9.1      1.0 vs. 7.0      1.7  mm, P  =  0.001, gait 5.6      2.1 vs. 4.7      1.8  mm, P  =  0.011). There were no correlations between dynamic and static tibial translation. CONCLUSION: Dynamic tibial translation was unchanged in spite of increased static tibial translation in the ACL-deficient knee at 2- to 5-year follow-up compared to directly after rehabilitation. Dynamic tibial translation did not correlate with the static tibial translation. A more normal gait kinematics may be maintained from completion of a rehabilitation programme to mid-term follow-up in @entity1 with @entity942 treated with rehabilitation only. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: Dynamic and static tibial translation in XXXX with anterior cruciate @entity942 initially treated with a structured rehabilitation protocol.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological predictors of survival in @entity1 with @entity1419 , mass-forming type (ICC-MF), following curative intent hepatectomy. METHODS: Clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed in a series of 42 @entity1 who underwent curative hepatectomy for ICC-MF between February 1987 and December 2012. The relationship between immunohistochemical expression profiles of @entity3558 ( @entity3558 ) core proteins ( @entity5091 , @entity5089 , and @entity21826 ) and surgical outcomes was examined. RESULTS: The overall median follow-up period was 2.6 years (0.2-17.9). Bile duct reconstruction (p  =  0.017), lymph node @entity3 (p  =  0.049), maximal mass diameter >= 5.0  cm (p  =  0.002), and @entity5089 expression (p  =  0.003) were identified as significant adverse predictors of overall survival by univariate analysis. Bile duct reconstruction (p  =  0.048), maximal mass diameter  >= 5.0  cm (p  =  0.002), and @entity5089 expression (p  =  0.005) were found to be independent predictors of poor prognosis by multivariate analysis. Maximal mass diameter >= 5.0  cm (p  =  0.011) was found to be an independent predictor for the @entity5 recurrence. There was a strong correlation between @entity5089 expression and lymph node @entity3 (p  =  0.021). @entity21826 expression was more frequent in @entity1 with concurrent @entity5089 expression (p  =  0.019). CONCLUSIONS: @entity5089 expression was significantly related to long-term prognosis and @entity146 development, and may be a useful prognostic marker.

title: Prognostic evaluation of @entity3558 -5AC expression in XXXX , mass-forming type, following hepatectomy.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive tumor']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1419 :: (MESH:C535533,Disease) :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: AIM: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological predictors of survival in @entity1 with @entity1419 , mass-forming type (ICC-MF), following curative intent hepatectomy. METHODS: Clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed in a series of 42 @entity1 who underwent curative hepatectomy for ICC-MF between February 1987 and December 2012. The relationship between immunohistochemical expression profiles of @entity3558 ( @entity3558 ) core proteins ( @entity5091 , @entity5089 , and @entity21826 ) and surgical outcomes was examined. RESULTS: The overall median follow-up period was 2.6 years (0.2-17.9). Bile duct reconstruction (p  =  0.017), lymph node @entity3 (p  =  0.049), maximal mass diameter >= 5.0  cm (p  =  0.002), and @entity5089 expression (p  =  0.003) were identified as significant adverse predictors of overall survival by univariate analysis. Bile duct reconstruction (p  =  0.048), maximal mass diameter  >= 5.0  cm (p  =  0.002), and @entity5089 expression (p  =  0.005) were found to be independent predictors of poor prognosis by multivariate analysis. Maximal mass diameter >= 5.0  cm (p  =  0.011) was found to be an independent predictor for the @entity5 recurrence. There was a strong correlation between @entity5089 expression and lymph node @entity3 (p  =  0.021). @entity21826 expression was more frequent in @entity1 with concurrent @entity5089 expression (p  =  0.019). CONCLUSIONS: @entity5089 expression was significantly related to long-term prognosis and @entity146 development, and may be a useful prognostic marker.

title: Prognostic evaluation of XXXX -5AC expression in @entity1419 , mass-forming type, following hepatectomy.

answer: @entity3558 :: (100508689,Gene) :: ['mucin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity2041 is famous for its reactive @entity26 species (ROS) scavenging function and plays a protective role in biotic stress, its regulatory function in abiotic stress still remains to be elucidated. Our previous study showed that exogenously applied @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ) could improve abiotic stress tolerance in @entity958 . Here, we report that endogenously increased @entity6172 also conferred tolerance to drought and salt stress in @entity958 . Moreover, both exogenous and endogenous @entity6172 delayed senescence and flowering time. Polysomal profiling results showed that global translation was enhanced after @entity6172 treatment and by the induced-increase of @entity6172 level by salt stress. By performing transcriptomic analyses of steady-state and polysome-bound mRNAs in @entity6172 -treated plants, we reveal that @entity6172 has a substantial impact on translation. Translational changes induced by @entity6172 treatment target numerous hormones and stress signaling molecules, which might contribute to the enhanced stress tolerance in @entity6172 -treated plants. Our translatome analysis also revealed that @entity2271 ( @entity2272 ), auxin and @entity7214 (JA) biosynthesis as well as signaling genes were activated during @entity6172 treatment, which has not been reported in previously published transcriptomic data. Together, our data suggest that the increased @entity2041 level results in stress tolerance and global translational changes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Increased XXXX contributes to stress tolerance and global translational changes in @entity958 .

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['abscisic acid']

entities_list: @entity7214 :: ('MESH:C011006', 'Chemical') :: ['jasmonic acid']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione', 'reduced glutathione']

answer: @entity2041 :: (MESH:D005978,Chemical) :: ['glutathione']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity2041 is famous for its reactive @entity26 species (ROS) scavenging function and plays a protective role in biotic stress, its regulatory function in abiotic stress still remains to be elucidated. Our previous study showed that exogenously applied @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ) could improve abiotic stress tolerance in @entity958 . Here, we report that endogenously increased @entity6172 also conferred tolerance to drought and salt stress in @entity958 . Moreover, both exogenous and endogenous @entity6172 delayed senescence and flowering time. Polysomal profiling results showed that global translation was enhanced after @entity6172 treatment and by the induced-increase of @entity6172 level by salt stress. By performing transcriptomic analyses of steady-state and polysome-bound mRNAs in @entity6172 -treated plants, we reveal that @entity6172 has a substantial impact on translation. Translational changes induced by @entity6172 treatment target numerous hormones and stress signaling molecules, which might contribute to the enhanced stress tolerance in @entity6172 -treated plants. Our translatome analysis also revealed that @entity2271 ( @entity2272 ), auxin and @entity7214 (JA) biosynthesis as well as signaling genes were activated during @entity6172 treatment, which has not been reported in previously published transcriptomic data. Together, our data suggest that the increased @entity2041 level results in stress tolerance and global translational changes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Increased @entity2041 contributes to stress tolerance and global translational changes in XXXX .

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: The aetiology of @entity2021 ranges from food, insect venom, drugs and various chemicals. Some individuals do not develop @entity2021 with the offending agent unless ingestion is related temporally to physical exertion, namely food dependent exercise induced @entity2021 (FDEIA). The foods implicated are @entity3505 , soya, peanut, milk and sea food. A retrospective study on @entity1 with FDEIA from two Allergy clinics in @entity3595 Lanka from 2011 to 2015 is reported. @entity1 were selected who fulfilled the following criteria: clinical diagnosis of @entity2021 according to the @entity566 ( @entity566 ) criteria, where the onset of symptoms was during exertion, within 4  h of ingesting a food, the ability to eat the implicated food independent of exercise, or exercise safely, if the food was not ingested in the preceding 4  h and an in vitro (ImmunoCap serum IgE to the food) or in vivo (skin prick test) test indicating evidence of sensitivity to the food. There were 19 @entity1 (12 males: 7 females). The ages ranged from 9 to 45 (mean 22.9, median 19  years). Eight @entity1 (42.1%) were in the 9-16 age group. Those below 16  years had a male:female ratio of 3:5, while for those above 16  years it was 9:2. @entity3505 was the only food implicated in FDEIA in all @entity1 and was confirmed by skin prick testing, or by ImmunoCap specific IgE to @entity3505 or     -  5 gliadin. All @entity1 had @entity110 , while 5/19 (26.3%) had @entity113 of the lips. Fifteen @entity1 (78.9%) had @entity851 of breath or wheezing, while 8 (42.1%) had lost consciousness. Nine @entity1 (47. 3%) had @entity551 . Fourteen (73.6%) of our @entity1 had severe reactions, with @entity909 or @entity551 , while 5 (26.3%) had symptoms related to the gastrointestinal tract. One @entity1 developed @entity2021 on two occasions following inhalation of ganja, a local cannabis derivative along with the ingestion of @entity3505 and exertion. @entity3505 is the main food implicated in FDEIA in @entity3595 Lanka. A local cannabis derivative, ganja has been implicated as a cofactor for the first time.

title: Food dependant exercise induced XXXX a retrospective study from 2 @entity566 clinics in Colombo, @entity3595 Lanka.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['shortness']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['WAO', 'World Allergy Organization']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

entities_list: @entity2021 :: ('MESH:D000707', 'Disease') :: ['anaphylaxis']

answer: @entity2021 :: (MESH:D000707,Disease) :: ['anaphylaxis']


abstract: The aetiology of @entity2021 ranges from food, insect venom, drugs and various chemicals. Some individuals do not develop @entity2021 with the offending agent unless ingestion is related temporally to physical exertion, namely food dependent exercise induced @entity2021 (FDEIA). The foods implicated are @entity3505 , soya, peanut, milk and sea food. A retrospective study on @entity1 with FDEIA from two Allergy clinics in @entity3595 Lanka from 2011 to 2015 is reported. @entity1 were selected who fulfilled the following criteria: clinical diagnosis of @entity2021 according to the @entity566 ( @entity566 ) criteria, where the onset of symptoms was during exertion, within 4  h of ingesting a food, the ability to eat the implicated food independent of exercise, or exercise safely, if the food was not ingested in the preceding 4  h and an in vitro (ImmunoCap serum IgE to the food) or in vivo (skin prick test) test indicating evidence of sensitivity to the food. There were 19 @entity1 (12 males: 7 females). The ages ranged from 9 to 45 (mean 22.9, median 19  years). Eight @entity1 (42.1%) were in the 9-16 age group. Those below 16  years had a male:female ratio of 3:5, while for those above 16  years it was 9:2. @entity3505 was the only food implicated in FDEIA in all @entity1 and was confirmed by skin prick testing, or by ImmunoCap specific IgE to @entity3505 or     -  5 gliadin. All @entity1 had @entity110 , while 5/19 (26.3%) had @entity113 of the lips. Fifteen @entity1 (78.9%) had @entity851 of breath or wheezing, while 8 (42.1%) had lost consciousness. Nine @entity1 (47. 3%) had @entity551 . Fourteen (73.6%) of our @entity1 had severe reactions, with @entity909 or @entity551 , while 5 (26.3%) had symptoms related to the gastrointestinal tract. One @entity1 developed @entity2021 on two occasions following inhalation of ganja, a local cannabis derivative along with the ingestion of @entity3505 and exertion. @entity3505 is the main food implicated in FDEIA in @entity3595 Lanka. A local cannabis derivative, ganja has been implicated as a cofactor for the first time.

title: Food dependant exercise induced @entity2021 a retrospective study from 2 @entity566 clinics in Colombo, XXXX Lanka.

answer: @entity3595 :: (6717,Gene) :: ['Sri']


abstract: The aetiology of @entity2021 ranges from food, insect venom, drugs and various chemicals. Some individuals do not develop @entity2021 with the offending agent unless ingestion is related temporally to physical exertion, namely food dependent exercise induced @entity2021 (FDEIA). The foods implicated are @entity3505 , soya, peanut, milk and sea food. A retrospective study on @entity1 with FDEIA from two Allergy clinics in @entity3595 Lanka from 2011 to 2015 is reported. @entity1 were selected who fulfilled the following criteria: clinical diagnosis of @entity2021 according to the @entity566 ( @entity566 ) criteria, where the onset of symptoms was during exertion, within 4  h of ingesting a food, the ability to eat the implicated food independent of exercise, or exercise safely, if the food was not ingested in the preceding 4  h and an in vitro (ImmunoCap serum IgE to the food) or in vivo (skin prick test) test indicating evidence of sensitivity to the food. There were 19 @entity1 (12 males: 7 females). The ages ranged from 9 to 45 (mean 22.9, median 19  years). Eight @entity1 (42.1%) were in the 9-16 age group. Those below 16  years had a male:female ratio of 3:5, while for those above 16  years it was 9:2. @entity3505 was the only food implicated in FDEIA in all @entity1 and was confirmed by skin prick testing, or by ImmunoCap specific IgE to @entity3505 or     -  5 gliadin. All @entity1 had @entity110 , while 5/19 (26.3%) had @entity113 of the lips. Fifteen @entity1 (78.9%) had @entity851 of breath or wheezing, while 8 (42.1%) had lost consciousness. Nine @entity1 (47. 3%) had @entity551 . Fourteen (73.6%) of our @entity1 had severe reactions, with @entity909 or @entity551 , while 5 (26.3%) had symptoms related to the gastrointestinal tract. One @entity1 developed @entity2021 on two occasions following inhalation of ganja, a local cannabis derivative along with the ingestion of @entity3505 and exertion. @entity3505 is the main food implicated in FDEIA in @entity3595 Lanka. A local cannabis derivative, ganja has been implicated as a cofactor for the first time.

title: Food dependant exercise induced @entity2021 a retrospective study from 2 XXXX clinics in Colombo, @entity3595 Lanka.

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Adherent-invasive @entity526 (AIEC) are a group of isolates from the intestinal mucosa of @entity30 @entity1 that can invade intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) or macrophages and survive and/or replicate within. We have identified the ibeA gene in the genome of AIEC strain NRG857c and report now the contribution of IbeA to the interaction of AIEC with IECs, macrophages and colonization of the @entity19 intestine. An ibeA deletion mutant (  ibeA) was constructed and the in vitro effect on AIEC adhesion and invasion of non-polarized and polarized Caco-2 cells, adhesion and transcytosis of M-like cells, intracellular survival in @entity1357 macrophages, and contribution to intestinal colonization of the @entity4897 @entity19 model of @entity281 , was evaluated. A significant reduction in invasion was observed with the ibeA mutant in Caco-2 and M-like cells, while adhesion was not affected. Complementation of the mutant re-established Caco-2 invasive phenotype to wt levels. Reduction in invasion did not significantly affect transcytosis through M-like cells at early time points. The absence of ibeA significantly affected AIEC intra-macrophage survival up to 24 h post- @entity281 . No significant changes associated with IbeA were found in AIEC colonization across the @entity19 gastrointestinal tract, but a slight reduction of IFN-y was observed in the cecum of @entity19 infected with the ibeA mutant. Additionally, a decrease in the pathology scores was observed in the ileum and cecum of @entity19 infected with the ibeA mutant. Our data supports the function of IbeA in AIEC invasion process, macrophage survival and inflammatory response in the @entity19 intestine.

title: IbeA, the invasin of Adherent-Invasive XXXX (AIEC) mediates interaction with intestinal epithelia and macrophages.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mutations in the @entity5345 and @entity2674 genes confer an increased lifetime risk for @entity5344 . @entity43 risk can be decreased by risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO). Studies on RRSO material have altered the paradigm of serous @entity43 pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to identify candidate genes possibly involved in the pathogenesis of serous @entity43 by carrying out a microarray analysis of differentially expressed genes in @entity6069 - mutation positive @entity2670 derived from RRSO surgery. Freshly frozen @entity2670 samples from nine @entity5345 /2 mutation carriers scheduled for RRSO were prospectively collected together with five mutation-negative control @entity1 undergoing salpingo-oophorectomy for benign indications. Microarray analysis of genome-wide gene expression was performed on @entity2670 samples from the @entity6069 and control @entity1 . The validation of microarray data was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in selected cases of RRSO samples and also in high grade @entity189 samples collected from @entity1 with a BRCA phenotype. From 22,733 genes, 454 transcripts were identified that were differentially expressed in @entity5345 /2 mutation carriers when compared with controls, pooling all @entity2670 samples together. Of these, 299 genes were statistically significantly downregulated and 155 genes upregulated. Differentially expressed genes in @entity6069 samples reported here might be involved @entity43 and provide interesting targets for further studies.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Microarray analysis of differentially expressed genes in XXXX from risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomies.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'in serous ovarian carcinogenesis', 'Ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast and ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['serous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian and fallopian tube', 'ovarian and fallopian tube epithelium']

answer: @entity2670 :: (MESH:D010049,Disease) :: ['ovarian and fallopian tube epithelium']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Computed tomography (CT) scans are routinely used for primary staging and disease surveillance in @entity1 with @entity14 . However, these scans have limited sensitivity in some organs and can only detect lesions with morphological changes, whereas @entity419 -positron emission tomography ( @entity419 -PET) scans are able to detect areas of metabolic change before morphological changes appear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of @entity419 -PET/CT scans over conventional imaging during preoperative work-ups or follow-ups in a selected group of @entity1 . METHODS: This retrospective cohort study, which took place between July 2009 and May 2011, assessed 1,043 @entity1 records from the South East Scotland Cancer Network @entity14 database. A total of 102 @entity1 who underwent @entity419 -PET/CT scans in addition to conventional imaging were included in the study. These @entity1 had potentially resectable metastases, equivocal findings on CT scans and elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels with negative conventional imaging. RESULTS: Of the 102 @entity1 included in the study, 22 underwent a preoperative @entity419 -PET/CT scan and 80 underwent a follow-up @entity419 -PET/CT scan. In the preoperative scan group, the @entity419 -PET/CT scan had a major impact on 16 @entity1 (72.75%) and no impact on six @entity1 (27.25%). In the follow-up scan group, the @entity419 -PET/CT scan had a major impact on 51 (63.75%), a minor impact on four (5%), no impact on 22 (27.5%) and a negative impact on three (3.75%) @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that @entity419 -PET/CT scans have a considerable effect on disease management when undertaken among indicated @entity14 @entity1 .

title: Selective Use of @entity419 -Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography in the Management of Metastatic Disease from XXXX : Results from a regional centre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose', '(18)F-FDG', '18F-FDG']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Computed tomography (CT) scans are routinely used for primary staging and disease surveillance in @entity1 with @entity14 . However, these scans have limited sensitivity in some organs and can only detect lesions with morphological changes, whereas @entity419 -positron emission tomography ( @entity419 -PET) scans are able to detect areas of metabolic change before morphological changes appear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of @entity419 -PET/CT scans over conventional imaging during preoperative work-ups or follow-ups in a selected group of @entity1 . METHODS: This retrospective cohort study, which took place between July 2009 and May 2011, assessed 1,043 @entity1 records from the South East Scotland Cancer Network @entity14 database. A total of 102 @entity1 who underwent @entity419 -PET/CT scans in addition to conventional imaging were included in the study. These @entity1 had potentially resectable metastases, equivocal findings on CT scans and elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels with negative conventional imaging. RESULTS: Of the 102 @entity1 included in the study, 22 underwent a preoperative @entity419 -PET/CT scan and 80 underwent a follow-up @entity419 -PET/CT scan. In the preoperative scan group, the @entity419 -PET/CT scan had a major impact on 16 @entity1 (72.75%) and no impact on six @entity1 (27.25%). In the follow-up scan group, the @entity419 -PET/CT scan had a major impact on 51 (63.75%), a minor impact on four (5%), no impact on 22 (27.5%) and a negative impact on three (3.75%) @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that @entity419 -PET/CT scans have a considerable effect on disease management when undertaken among indicated @entity14 @entity1 .

title: Selective Use of XXXX -Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography in the Management of Metastatic Disease from @entity14 : Results from a regional centre.

answer: @entity419 :: (MESH:D019788,Chemical) :: ['(18)F-Fluorodeoxyglucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Screening for mutations in large genes is challenging in a molecular diagnostic environment. Sanger-based DNA sequencing methods are largely used; however, @entity400 ( @entity400 ) can accommodate increasing test demands and financial constraints. This study aimed to establish a simple workflow to amplify and screen all coding regions of the @entity5345 and @entity2674 ( @entity14049 ) genes by Sanger-based sequencing as well as to assess a @entity400 approach encompassing multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pyrosequencing. METHODS: This study was conducted between July 2011 and April 2013. A total of 20 @entity1 were included in the study who had been referred to Genetic Health Services New Zealand (Northern Hub) for @entity14049 mutation screening. @entity1 were randomly divided into a @entity400 evaluation and validation cohort (n = 10 @entity1 each). Primers were designed to amplify all coding exons of @entity14049 (28 and 42 primer pairs, respectively). Primers overlying known variants were avoided to circumvent allelic drop-out. The @entity400 approach necessitated utilisation of a complementary fragment analysis assay to eliminate apparent false-positives at homopolymeric regions. Variants were filtered on the basis of their frequency and sequence depth. RESULTS: Sanger-based sequencing of PCR-amplified coding regions was successfully achieved. Sensitivity and specificity of the combined @entity400 /homopolymer protocol was determined to be 100% and 99.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In comparison to traditional Sanger-based sequencing, the @entity400 workflow led to a reduction in both cost and analysis time for @entity14049 screening. @entity400 analysis achieved high analytical sensitivity and specificity, but required complementary fragment analysis combined with Sanger-based sequencing confirmation in some instances.

title: Diagnostic Screening Workflow for Mutations in the XXXX and @entity2674 Genes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['massively parallel sequencing', 'MPS']

answer: @entity5345 :: (672,Gene) :: ['BRCA1']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Screening for mutations in large genes is challenging in a molecular diagnostic environment. Sanger-based DNA sequencing methods are largely used; however, @entity400 ( @entity400 ) can accommodate increasing test demands and financial constraints. This study aimed to establish a simple workflow to amplify and screen all coding regions of the @entity5345 and @entity2674 ( @entity14049 ) genes by Sanger-based sequencing as well as to assess a @entity400 approach encompassing multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pyrosequencing. METHODS: This study was conducted between July 2011 and April 2013. A total of 20 @entity1 were included in the study who had been referred to Genetic Health Services New Zealand (Northern Hub) for @entity14049 mutation screening. @entity1 were randomly divided into a @entity400 evaluation and validation cohort (n = 10 @entity1 each). Primers were designed to amplify all coding exons of @entity14049 (28 and 42 primer pairs, respectively). Primers overlying known variants were avoided to circumvent allelic drop-out. The @entity400 approach necessitated utilisation of a complementary fragment analysis assay to eliminate apparent false-positives at homopolymeric regions. Variants were filtered on the basis of their frequency and sequence depth. RESULTS: Sanger-based sequencing of PCR-amplified coding regions was successfully achieved. Sensitivity and specificity of the combined @entity400 /homopolymer protocol was determined to be 100% and 99.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In comparison to traditional Sanger-based sequencing, the @entity400 workflow led to a reduction in both cost and analysis time for @entity14049 screening. @entity400 analysis achieved high analytical sensitivity and specificity, but required complementary fragment analysis combined with Sanger-based sequencing confirmation in some instances.

title: Diagnostic Screening Workflow for Mutations in the @entity5345 and XXXX Genes.

answer: @entity2674 :: (675,Gene) :: ['BRCA2']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Previous studies have indicated that neck circumference is a valuable predictor for @entity28 and @entity209 , but little evidence is available for @entity409 . We examined the association of neck circumference with @entity409 and evaluated its predictive value in Chinese adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study comprised 4053 @entity1 (1617 @entity1 and 2436 @entity1 , aged 20-88) recruited from the Health Examination Center in Guangzhou, China between May 2009 and April 2010. Anthropometric measurements were taken, abdominal ultrasonography was conducted and blood biochemical parameters were measured. Covariance, logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were employed. RESULTS: The mean neck circumference was greater in subjects with @entity409 than those without the disease in both @entity1 and @entity1 after adjusting for age (P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the age-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of @entity409 for quartile 4 (vs. quartile 1) of neck circumference were 7.70 (4.95-11.99) for @entity1 and 12.42 (9.22-16.74) for @entity1 . After further adjusting for other anthropometric indices, both individually and combined, the corresponding ORs remained significant (all P-trends<0.05) but were attenuated to 1.94-2.53 for @entity1 and 1.45-2.08 for @entity1 . An additive interaction existed between neck circumference and the other anthropometric measures (all P<0.05). A high neck circumference value was associated with a much greater prevalence of @entity409 in @entity1 with both high and normal BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio values. CONCLUSIONS: Neck circumference was an independent predictor for @entity409 and provided an additional contribution when applied with other anthropometric measures.

title: Neck Circumference, along with Other Anthropometric Indices, Has an Independent and Additional Contribution in Predicting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['Fatty Liver Disease']


abstract: AIM: To assess the correlation between blood pressure levels and fasting plasma glucose levels among young adults attending Chatrapati Shahuji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India. METHODS: The present study was cross-sectional in nature, conducted among students in the Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Chatrapati Shahuji Maharaj University, Kanpur. Study subjects included 185 young adults. Among them, 94 were males and 91 were females, in the age group 17 to 19 years. RESULTS: Mean age among males was 18.5    1.5 years and among females was 17.9    1.8 years. Of the total 185 study subjects, 61 (32.9%) were classified as pre- @entity6 and 20 (10.8%) as pre- @entity101 . Mean waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and serum high density lipoprotein did not vary significantly between normoglycemic and pre- @entity6 subjects. However, the mean diastolic blood pressure of pre- @entity6 (82    5 mmHg) was significantly higher than normoglycemics (79    6 mmHg). Mean serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) and serum very low density lipoprotein was also higher among pre- @entity6 subjects in comparison to normoglycemic subjects and the difference was statistically significant. Upon multiple linear regression analysis, it was observed that body mass index (BMI) (b = 0.149), diastolic blood pressure (b = 0.375) and serum LDL (b = 0.483) were significantly associated with fasting plasma glucose. Multiple linear regression with diastolic blood pressure as the outcome variable showed that BMI (b = 0.219), fasting @entity13897 (b = 0.247) and systolic blood pressure (b = 0.510) were significantly associated. CONCLUSION: A significant prevalence of @entity6 and pre- @entity101 in young adults is a matter of concern therefore all young adults need to be targeted for screening of @entity6 and @entity101 and lifestyle modification.

title: Correlation between XXXX and hyperglycemia among young adults in India.

entities_list: @entity13897 :: ('MESH:D018149', 'Disease') :: ['blood glucose']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['pre-diabetes', 'diabetics', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Small heat shock proteins 9 and 10 ( @entity71547 and HSPB10) are two testis-specific expressed sHsps. The objective of this study was to investigate the mRNA expression profile of @entity71547 and HSPB10 in @entity1237 testis among the different seasons, ages, and environmental temperatures. Allocation of the two sHsps was also performed by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the transcript levels of @entity71547 and HSPB10 were extremely high in the testis (P < 0.01). The relative expression of HSBP9 and HSPB10 in testis showed a tendency to increase with age and then is maintained at the constant level after sexual maturity. @entity71547 and HSPB10 have significantly higher expression in the breeding season      (P < 0.05) and hot season (P < 0.01). Both @entity71547 and HSPB10 were found to be upregulated by high-temperature stress in testis (P < 0.05), and the expressions of @entity71548 and Hsp90 were also increased simultaneously (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry analysis localized @entity71547 expressed in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids and HSPB10 expressed in the elongate spermatids. In epididymis, strongly staining signal of HSPB10 was detected in pseudostratified columnar epithelium. In conclusion, the two testis-specific sHsps are closely related to @entity3930 . The results could provide valuable data for the further studies on @entity71547 and HSPB10.

title: Dual Functions in Response to Heat Stress and Spermatogenesis: Characterization of Expression Profile of Small Heat Shock Proteins 9 and 10 in XXXX Testis.

entities_list: @entity3930 :: ('MESH:D005834', 'Disease') :: ['male reproduction and heat tolerance']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['Goat']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Brucellosis screening was conducted between 2005 and 2010 at the National Livestock Research Institute headquarters, Mpwapwa, Tanzania, following an abortion storm in @entity291 . The initial screening targeted breeding herds; 483 @entity291 were screened using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) followed by the Competitive Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (c-ELISA) as a confirmatory test. The seropositivity on c-ELISA was 28.95% in 2005; it subsequently declined to 6.72%, 1.17%, 0.16% and 0.00% in 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2010, respectively. Brucella seropositivity was not detected in @entity1237 . Seropositivity declined following institution of stringent control measures that included: gradual culling of seropositive animals through slaughter; isolation and confinement of pregnant @entity291 close to calving; proper disposal of placentas and aborted foetuses; the use of the S19 vaccine; and restricted introduction of new animals. It was thought that the source of this outbreak was likely to have been from the introduction of infected animals from another farm. Furthermore, @entity1 were found with @entity3377 antibodies. Out of 120 @entity1 screened, 12 (10%) were confirmed seropositive to brucella antigen exposure by c-ELISA analysis. The majority of the seropositive individuals (80%) were milkers and animal handlers from the farm. Nine individuals had clinical signs suggestive of @entity3377 . All cases received medical attention from the district hospital. This achievement in livestock and @entity1 health showed that it is possible to control @entity3377 in dairy farms, compared to pastoral and agro-pastoral farms, thus providing evidence to adopt these strategies in dairy farms thought to be at risk.

title: Outbreak investigation and control case report of XXXX : Experience from livestock research centre, Mpwapwa, Tanzania.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

answer: @entity3377 :: (MESH:D002006,Disease) :: ['brucellosis']


abstract: A second resective procedure has been done on 64 @entity1 with multiple primary @entity153 , and a third operation has been performed in six. Fifty-three initial resections and all repeat procedures were performed at Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center. Six @entity1 had @entity5 , and in the 58 with metachronous disease the cumulative probability of @entity5 -free interval was 47% at 3 years. The initial resection performed was pneumonectomy in seven, lobectomy in 40, and segmentectomy in 17 @entity1 . At the second operation, segmental resection was done in 41, lobectomy in six, completion lobectomy in four, and completion pneumonectomy in 13 @entity1 . At the third operation, segmentectomy was done in three, completion lobectomy in two, and completion pneumonectomy in one @entity1 . Ten @entity1 had a @entity5 of different histologic type identified at the second procedure, but all @entity1 with three operations had the same @entity5 cell type in each specimen. Six @entity1 died following the second operation (a postoperative mortality of 9.3%), but there were no deaths in the six @entity1 undergoing three procedures. Cumulative survival following the second resection was 36% at 5 years, 22% at 10 years and 13% at 15 years. In summary, second or third surgical efforts for reappearing @entity5 are justified and have significantly prolonged survival. The use of segmental or subsegmental resective techniques have provided superior survival results.

title: Survival following resection for second primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'synchronous primary cancers', 'bronchogenic cancers']

entities_list: @entity153 :: ('MESH:D002283', 'Disease') :: ['bronchogenic carcinoma']

answer: @entity153 :: (MESH:D002283,Disease) :: ['bronchogenic carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity101 is a major problem among European ethnic minority groups. We assessed the current situation of @entity101 prevalence and its management among a multi-ethnic population in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. METHODS: Data from the HELIUS study were used including 12,974 @entity1 (1871 Ghanaian, 2184 African Surinamese, 2278 South-Asian Surinamese, 2277 Turkish, 2222 Moroccan and 2142 Dutch origin @entity1 ), aged 18-70years. Comparisons among groups were made using proportions and age-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs). RESULTS: @entity101 prevalence ranged from 24% and 16% in Moroccan @entity1 and @entity1 to 52% and 62% in Ghanaian @entity1 and @entity1 . Except for Moroccan @entity1 , age-adjusted PR of @entity101 was higher in all the ethnic minority groups than in Dutch. Among @entity101 , ethnic minority groups generally had higher levels of @entity101 awareness and BP lowering treatment than Dutch. Moreover, prevalence rates for the prescription of more than one BP lowering drug were generally higher in African and South-Asian origin groups compared with Dutch origin @entity1 . By contrast, BP control levels were lower in all the ethnic groups than in Dutch, with control rates being significantly lower in Ghanaian @entity1 (26%, PR=0.49; 95% CI, 0.37-0.66) and @entity1 (45%, PR=0.64; 0.52-0.77), African-Surinamese @entity1 (30%, PR=0.61; 0.46-0.81) and @entity1 (45%, PR=0.72; 0.51-0.77), and South-Asian Surinamese @entity1 (43%, PR=0.77; 0.61-0.97) and @entity1 (47%, PR=0.76; 0.63-0.92) compared with Dutch @entity1 (53%) and @entity1 (61%). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate poor BP control in ethnic minority groups despite the high treatment levels. More work is needed to unravel the potential factors contributing to the poor control in order to improve BP control in ethnic minority groups, particularly among African and South-Asian origin groups.

title: XXXX control in a large multi-ethnic cohort in Amsterdam, The Netherlands: The HELIUS study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension', 'Hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A superior @entity2694 (SSPOA) is a collection of purulent material between the periorbit and the superior bony orbital wall, and is typically a @entity12476 . SSPOA is characteristically managed by classic external surgical drainage. The aim of our study was to assess the role of surgical intervention in SSPOA. A retrospective medical chart review of @entity1 diagnosed with SSPOA secondary to rhinosinusitis between the year 2005 and 2013 was conducted. Collected data included age, gender, co-morbidity, clinical presentation, prior antibiotic management, CT scans, surgical approach, outcome and complications. Six @entity1 were included in our study, three males and three females with a mean age of 22.8 (range 9-58). Two @entity1 were treated with @entity10188 for 3  days prior to admission. Only the youngest @entity1 with the smallest abscess responded successfully to conservative treatment, while the rest were managed surgically: three @entity1 were treated successfully by the endonasal endoscopic approach and two @entity1 were treated by utilizing the combined endonasal endoscopic and external approach. In @entity1 who underwent the combined approach, the abscess was located in a more antero-lateral position than those treated endonasal endoscopically only. The location of a SSPOA dictates the surgical approach. The most antero-lateral SSPOAs should be drained by the combined approach, while more posterior abscesses should be approached endoscopically. Furthermore, a small SSPOA is first to be reported to resolve with conservative treatment. Level 4 (case series).

title: Management of superior XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['subperiosteal orbital abscess']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12476 :: ('MESH:D015522', 'Disease') :: ['complication of frontal sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity10188 :: ('MESH:D019980', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin clavulanic acid']

answer: @entity2694 :: (MESH:D009916,Disease) :: ['subperiosteal orbital abscess']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1157 occur rarely but are among the most dreadful complications following cholecystectomies. METHODS: Prospective registration of bile duct @entity130 occurring in the period 1992-2013 at a tertiary referral hospital. RESULTS: In total, 67 @entity1 (47 @entity1 and 20 @entity1 ) with a median age of 55 (range 14-86) years had a leak or a lesion of the bile ducts during the study period. Total incidence of postoperative @entity1157 or bile duct @entity130 was 0.9% and for bile duct @entity130 separately, 0.4%. Median delay from @entity130 was 5   days (range 0-68   days). In 12 @entity1 (18%), the injury was discovered intraoperatively. @entity1157 was the major symptom in 59%, and 52% had a leak from the cystic duct or from assumed aberrant ducts in the liver bed of the @entity1085 . Following the Clavien-Dindo classification, 39% and 45% were classified as IIIa and IIIb, respectively, 10% as IV, and 6% as V. In all, 31 @entity1 had @entity130 to the common bile duct or hepatic ducts, and in these @entity1 , 71% were treated with a hepaticojejunostomy. Of @entity1 treated with a hepaticojejunostomy, 56% had an uncomplicated event, whereas 14% later on developed a stricture. Out of 36 @entity1 with @entity130 to the cystic duct/aberrant ducts, 30 could be treated with stents or sphincterotomies and percutaneous drainage. CONCLUSION: Half of @entity130 following cholecystectomies are related to the cystic duct, and most of these can be treated with endoscopic or percutaneous procedures. A considerable number of @entity1 following hepaticojejunostomy will later on develop a stricture.

title: XXXX following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile leaks', 'Bile leak', 'Bile duct injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'injury to repair']

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['gall bladder']

answer: @entity1157 :: (MESH:D001649,Disease) :: ['Bile duct injuries']


abstract: Objective: Poor sleep is a frequent symptom in @entity1 with @entity15 ( @entity15 ). The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between nocturnal polysomnographic (PSG) findings and quality of sleep, fatigue, and increased @entity25 among @entity1 with @entity15 . Methods: Clinical characteristics were collected. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), @entity3777 ( @entity3777 ), @entity25 ( @entity25 ), and International @entity4531 Rating Scale were used to assess quality of sleep, fatigue, excessive @entity25 , and the presence of @entity4531 ( @entity4531 ). All @entity1 underwent nocturnal diagnostic PSG examination. Results: Fifty @entity1 with @entity15 were enrolled into the study. Age was the only independent variable significantly determining @entity27 index and @entity894 ( @entity894 ) (beta = 0.369, p = 0.010, beta 0.301, p = 0.040). PSQI and @entity25 score were significantly higher in a population with @entity4531 (p = 0.004, p = 0.011). @entity3777 significantly correlated with @entity894 (r = 0.400, p = 0.048). Presence of @entity4531 was the only independent variable significantly determining PSQI and @entity25 (p = 0.005, p = 0.025). @entity894 and presence of @entity4531 were independent variables determining @entity3777 (p = 0.015, p = 0.024). Conclusion: Presence of @entity4531 seems to be the main factor determining poor sleep, fatigue, and daytime somnolence. @entity25 @entity1353 and its severity influences only fatigue in @entity1 with @entity15 .

title: @entity25 in @entity1 With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['desaturation index', 'DI']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

entities_list: @entity3777 :: ('MESH:D005222', 'Disease') :: ['Fatigue Severity Scale', 'FSS']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea']

entities_list: @entity4531 :: ('MESH:D012148', 'Disease') :: ['restless legs syndrome', 'Restless Legs Syndrome', 'RLS']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime sleepiness', 'Epworth Sleepiness Scale', 'Sleep disordered', 'ESS']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: Objective: Poor sleep is a frequent symptom in @entity1 with @entity15 ( @entity15 ). The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between nocturnal polysomnographic (PSG) findings and quality of sleep, fatigue, and increased @entity25 among @entity1 with @entity15 . Methods: Clinical characteristics were collected. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), @entity3777 ( @entity3777 ), @entity25 ( @entity25 ), and International @entity4531 Rating Scale were used to assess quality of sleep, fatigue, excessive @entity25 , and the presence of @entity4531 ( @entity4531 ). All @entity1 underwent nocturnal diagnostic PSG examination. Results: Fifty @entity1 with @entity15 were enrolled into the study. Age was the only independent variable significantly determining @entity27 index and @entity894 ( @entity894 ) (beta = 0.369, p = 0.010, beta 0.301, p = 0.040). PSQI and @entity25 score were significantly higher in a population with @entity4531 (p = 0.004, p = 0.011). @entity3777 significantly correlated with @entity894 (r = 0.400, p = 0.048). Presence of @entity4531 was the only independent variable significantly determining PSQI and @entity25 (p = 0.005, p = 0.025). @entity894 and presence of @entity4531 were independent variables determining @entity3777 (p = 0.015, p = 0.024). Conclusion: Presence of @entity4531 seems to be the main factor determining poor sleep, fatigue, and daytime somnolence. @entity25 @entity1353 and its severity influences only fatigue in @entity1 with @entity15 .

title: XXXX in @entity1 With @entity15 .

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['Sleep Disorders']