abstract: Animals with a targeted disruption of genes can be produced by @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). However, difficulties in clonal selection of somatic cells with a targeted mutation often result in heterogeneous nuclear donor cells, including gene-targeted and non-targeted cells, and impose a risk of producing undesired wildtype cloned animals after @entity1358 . In addition, the efficiency of cloning by @entity1358 has remained extremely low. Most cloned embryos die in utero, and the few that develop to term show a high incidence of postnatal death and abnormalities. In the present study, resurrection of an @entity22388 ( @entity22388 ) gene-targeted miniature @entity1707 by recloning using postmortem ear skin fibroblasts was attempted. Three cloned piglets were produced from the first round of @entity1358 , including one stillborn and two who died immediately after birth due to @entity649 and @entity299 . Among the three piglets, two were confirmed to be @entity22388 gene-targeted. Fibroblasts derived from postmortem ear skin biopsies were used as nuclear donor cells for the second round of @entity1358 , and a piglet was produced. As expected, PCR and Southern analyses confirmed that the piglet produced from recloning was @entity22388 gene-targeted. Currently, the piglet is fourteen months of age, and no overt health problems have been observed. Results from the present study demonstrate that loss of an invaluable animal, such as a gene-targeted miniature @entity1707 , may be rescued by recloning, with assurance of the desired genetic modification.

title: Resurrection of an XXXX gene-targeted miniature @entity1707 by recloning using postmortem ear skin fibroblasts.

entities_list: @entity22388 :: ('396733(Tax:9823)', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase', 'aGT']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['somatic cell nuclear transfer', 'SCNT']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction']

answer: @entity22388 :: (396733(Tax:9823),Gene) :: ['alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase']


abstract: Animals with a targeted disruption of genes can be produced by @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). However, difficulties in clonal selection of somatic cells with a targeted mutation often result in heterogeneous nuclear donor cells, including gene-targeted and non-targeted cells, and impose a risk of producing undesired wildtype cloned animals after @entity1358 . In addition, the efficiency of cloning by @entity1358 has remained extremely low. Most cloned embryos die in utero, and the few that develop to term show a high incidence of postnatal death and abnormalities. In the present study, resurrection of an @entity22388 ( @entity22388 ) gene-targeted miniature @entity1707 by recloning using postmortem ear skin fibroblasts was attempted. Three cloned piglets were produced from the first round of @entity1358 , including one stillborn and two who died immediately after birth due to @entity649 and @entity299 . Among the three piglets, two were confirmed to be @entity22388 gene-targeted. Fibroblasts derived from postmortem ear skin biopsies were used as nuclear donor cells for the second round of @entity1358 , and a piglet was produced. As expected, PCR and Southern analyses confirmed that the piglet produced from recloning was @entity22388 gene-targeted. Currently, the piglet is fourteen months of age, and no overt health problems have been observed. Results from the present study demonstrate that loss of an invaluable animal, such as a gene-targeted miniature @entity1707 , may be rescued by recloning, with assurance of the desired genetic modification.

title: Resurrection of an @entity22388 gene-targeted miniature XXXX by recloning using postmortem ear skin fibroblasts.

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diagnostic image quality of high-pitch dual source comprehensive cardiothoracic CT protocol in @entity1 presenting with acute undifferentiated @entity662 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive symptomatic subjects (n=51) with undifferentiated acute @entity662 underwent ECG-synchronized high-pitch dual-spiral chest CT angiography (Definition Flash, Siemens Medical Solutions, 2   100 kVp or 2   120 kV if BMI>30, collimation: 128   0.6mm, pitch: 3.2). Independent investigators determined the image quality of each cardiac and pulmonary vessel segment, measured contrast-to-noise-ratio (CNR), and determined radiation exposure. In addition, the prevalence of CT findings ( @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ), @entity1580 ( @entity1580 ) and significant @entity3979 (>=  50%)) was determined. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine the subpopulation with highest diagnostic quality. RESULTS: Among 51 subjects (66% male, average age: 63    15.8), the prevalence of positive CT findings was moderate (overall: 11.7%). Overall, image quality of the pulmonary, aortic and coronary vasculature was good (1.26    0.43 and CNR: 2.52) with an average radiation dose of 3.82 @entity2073 and 3.2% of segments rated non-evaluable. The image quality was lowest in the coronary arteries (p=0.02), depending on the heart rate (r=0.52, p<0.001). In subjects with a heart rate of  <= 65 bpm (n=30) subjective image quality and CNR of the coronary arteries were higher (1.6    0.5 vs. 2.1    0.5, p=0.03 and 1.21    0.3 vs. 1.02    0.3, p=0.05) with only 1.5% segments classified as non-evaluable. CONCLUSION: High-pitch dual-spiral comprehensive cardiothoracic CT provides low radiation exposure with excellent image quality at heart rates  <= 65 bpm. In subjects with higher heart rates, image quality of the aortic and @entity358 remains excellent, while the assessment of the coronary arteries degrades substantially.

title: Diagnostic image quality of a comprehensive high-pitch dual-spiral cardiothoracic CT protocol in @entity1 with undifferentiated acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vasculature']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissection', 'AD']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['chest pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diagnostic image quality of high-pitch dual source comprehensive cardiothoracic CT protocol in @entity1 presenting with acute undifferentiated @entity662 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive symptomatic subjects (n=51) with undifferentiated acute @entity662 underwent ECG-synchronized high-pitch dual-spiral chest CT angiography (Definition Flash, Siemens Medical Solutions, 2   100 kVp or 2   120 kV if BMI>30, collimation: 128   0.6mm, pitch: 3.2). Independent investigators determined the image quality of each cardiac and pulmonary vessel segment, measured contrast-to-noise-ratio (CNR), and determined radiation exposure. In addition, the prevalence of CT findings ( @entity1151 ( @entity1151 ), @entity1580 ( @entity1580 ) and significant @entity3979 (>=  50%)) was determined. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine the subpopulation with highest diagnostic quality. RESULTS: Among 51 subjects (66% male, average age: 63    15.8), the prevalence of positive CT findings was moderate (overall: 11.7%). Overall, image quality of the pulmonary, aortic and coronary vasculature was good (1.26    0.43 and CNR: 2.52) with an average radiation dose of 3.82 @entity2073 and 3.2% of segments rated non-evaluable. The image quality was lowest in the coronary arteries (p=0.02), depending on the heart rate (r=0.52, p<0.001). In subjects with a heart rate of  <= 65 bpm (n=30) subjective image quality and CNR of the coronary arteries were higher (1.6    0.5 vs. 2.1    0.5, p=0.03 and 1.21    0.3 vs. 1.02    0.3, p=0.05) with only 1.5% segments classified as non-evaluable. CONCLUSION: High-pitch dual-spiral comprehensive cardiothoracic CT provides low radiation exposure with excellent image quality at heart rates  <= 65 bpm. In subjects with higher heart rates, image quality of the aortic and @entity358 remains excellent, while the assessment of the coronary arteries degrades substantially.

title: Diagnostic image quality of a comprehensive high-pitch dual-spiral cardiothoracic CT protocol in XXXX with undifferentiated acute @entity662 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity75 constitute a significant disease burden and have a major impact on morbidity and mortality. This review discusses the relative merits of open surgery, whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), which have been used alone and in combination with varying degrees of success for the treatment of newly diagnosed brain @entity3 . Treatment aims to provide disease control with a good quality of life, although prolonged survival may not always be achieved. Decision to treat is based on several prognostic factors including age, performance status and control of the primary @entity5 . The recently developed disease-specific graded prognostic assessment (DS-GPA) scales can aid in clinical decision making for individual @entity1 . Whole brain radiotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment and provides effective palliation. Omission of WBRT results in worse local and distant control, though not survival. @entity5 control can be achieved by either resection of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). In long-term survivors WBRT may cause @entity73 and SRS is being explored as an alternative method of disease control. Increasingly, quality of life and neuro-cognitive function are being used as end-points in clinical trials.

title: Management of cerebral XXXX : evidence-based approach for surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery and radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Brain metastases']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Local tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: Thirty consecutive @entity1 from peninsular Malaysia with clinically definite @entity15 were studied; 80% were ethnic Chinese, with a female-male ratio of 5:1. The average age at onset was 29.7 years, with one relapse average every 1.9 years. Optic-spinal recurrence was the most common clinical pattern of the disease, accounting for 63.3% (19/30) of the cases. All the @entity1 had @entity602 sometime during the course of the illness. The mortality was high at 36.7% (11/30), with an average duration of symptoms of 7.6 years. There was characteristic severe residual @entity227 . At the time of the last examination, 12 @entity1 had bilateral @entity1952 with @entity227 . Sixteen @entity1 were bedridden or confined to a wheelchair. The severe motor disability reflected the severe @entity602 . It was the main factor that accounted for the high mortality. The cerebral, cerebellar, and brain-stem involvements were, however, generally transient. None of the @entity1 ' had a family history of similar illness despite the average sibling size of six. There was no example of @entity1652 . The clinical pattern was closest to those @entity1 who presented from Taiwan.

title: XXXX in Malaysia.

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['blindness or severe visual acuity impairment', 'visual and motor disability']

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ["Devic's disease"]

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord involvement']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple sclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Little is known about determinants of second-generation antipsychotic dosages during initial hospitalization of first-episode @entity716 . This study examined potential predictors of dosage of an atypical antipsychotic agent, @entity1090 , at hospital discharge after initial evaluation and treatment of first-episode nonaffective @entity716 in 3 naturalistic, public-sector treatment settings. METHODS: The number of psychotropic agents prescribed and discharge antipsychotic dosage were abstracted from the medical record. Demographic and extensive clinical characteristics were assessed through a clinical research study conducted at the 3 sites. One-way analyses of variance, trend tests using specific linear combinations of estimates, and      tests assessed for associations between atypical antipsychotic dosage and 5 hypothesized predictors, as well as 12 exploratory variables. RESULTS: Among 155 hospitalized first-episode @entity1 , 121 (78.1%) were discharged on @entity1090 , and subsequent analyses focused on that subset. The mean @entity1090 dosage among those 121 @entity1 was 4.26 mg; 31 received 1 to 2 mg, 45 received 3 to 4 mg, 37 received 5 to 6 mg, and 8 received more than 6 mg. Analyses suggested that older age at hospitalization, the number of psychotropic agents prescribed, excited symptoms, and premorbid social functioning may be predictors of the discharge dosage. CONCLUSIONS: Although several factors emerged, in general, predictors of discharge dosages of second-generation agents, here exemplified by @entity1090 , in real-world practice settings remain to be clarified. Given the importance of antipsychotic initiation during first hospitalization, future research should test an even broader array of potential predictors.

title: Predictors of the discharge dosage of an atypical antipsychotic agent among hospitalized, treatment-naive, first-episode XXXX @entity1 in naturalistic, public-sector settings.

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Little is known about determinants of second-generation antipsychotic dosages during initial hospitalization of first-episode @entity716 . This study examined potential predictors of dosage of an atypical antipsychotic agent, @entity1090 , at hospital discharge after initial evaluation and treatment of first-episode nonaffective @entity716 in 3 naturalistic, public-sector treatment settings. METHODS: The number of psychotropic agents prescribed and discharge antipsychotic dosage were abstracted from the medical record. Demographic and extensive clinical characteristics were assessed through a clinical research study conducted at the 3 sites. One-way analyses of variance, trend tests using specific linear combinations of estimates, and      tests assessed for associations between atypical antipsychotic dosage and 5 hypothesized predictors, as well as 12 exploratory variables. RESULTS: Among 155 hospitalized first-episode @entity1 , 121 (78.1%) were discharged on @entity1090 , and subsequent analyses focused on that subset. The mean @entity1090 dosage among those 121 @entity1 was 4.26 mg; 31 received 1 to 2 mg, 45 received 3 to 4 mg, 37 received 5 to 6 mg, and 8 received more than 6 mg. Analyses suggested that older age at hospitalization, the number of psychotropic agents prescribed, excited symptoms, and premorbid social functioning may be predictors of the discharge dosage. CONCLUSIONS: Although several factors emerged, in general, predictors of discharge dosages of second-generation agents, here exemplified by @entity1090 , in real-world practice settings remain to be clarified. Given the importance of antipsychotic initiation during first hospitalization, future research should test an even broader array of potential predictors.

title: Predictors of the discharge dosage of an atypical antipsychotic agent among hospitalized, treatment-naive, first-episode @entity716 XXXX in naturalistic, public-sector settings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: To improve the performance of exercise stress testing in the diagnosis of @entity951 while minimizing risks of serious complications, we evaluated an impulse response of ST changes, which is a transient ST response resulting from a hypothetical, strenuous-impulselike exercise, without actually imposing the strenuous load. To obtain the impulse response, subjects walked intermittently according to a computer-generated random binary sequence on a treadmill for 20 minutes (with a constant speed of 1.7 mph and a slope of 10%). We used Fourier transform for beat-to-beat changes in ST level and the binary sequence of exercise. We then determined the transfer function by taking the ratio of Fourier transformed ST level to exercise over the frequency range of 0.5 through 5.0 cycles/min. Converting the transfer function to the time domain yielded the impulse response of ST change. The subjects consisted of 49 @entity1 (60 +/- 9 years) with @entity951 , 13 @entity1 with atypical @entity662 (56 +/- 9 years), and 30 healthy, male volunteers (23 +/- 7 years). In 82 subjects (89%), the ST impulse response showed an initial @entity308 followed by a smooth, gradual restoration toward the preexercise ST level (type I response). The average duration of the initial @entity308 was 8 +/- 3 seconds in the healthy volunteers, whereas it was significantly prolonged to 23 +/- 14 seconds in @entity951 (p less than 0.05). The @entity308 in @entity1 with atypical @entity662 was not significantly different from that in the healthy volunteers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Random exercise stress test in diagnosing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['effort angina']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['effort angina']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to describe acute @entity11438 as the initial manifestation of @entity3001 . BACKGROUND: bilateral, predominantly motor, cervical @entity16 , the "dangling arm syndrome," has not been reported as a complication of acute Lyme infection. METHODS: retrospective series of 5 @entity1 from 2 tertiary neuromuscular centers. RESULTS: there were 4 @entity1 and 1 @entity1 with an average age of 69 years. One recalled a tick bite, and preceding constitutional symptoms included @entity10 (2) and @entity221 , @entity4841 , and fatigue in 1 @entity1 each. Proximal arm @entity425 and @entity12761 developed within 3 weeks from onset; @entity158 was bilateral in 3 @entity1 and unilateral in 2 @entity1 , and was described as severe throbbing. Arm @entity425 was bilateral at onset in 3 @entity1 , and right sided in 2 @entity1 followed by spread to the left arm within days. All the @entity1 had @entity425 in the deltoid and biceps that was 3/5 or less (Medical Research Council scale), with variable @entity425 of the triceps and wrist extensors; 1 @entity1 had a flail right arm and moderate (4/5) @entity425 of the proximal left arm muscles. Light touch was normal in the regions of @entity425 , and 1 @entity1 had mildly reduced pin sensation over the forearm. Serum IgM Lyme titers were elevated in all the @entity1 and were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid in 4 tested @entity1 . The cerebrospinal fluid protein ranged between 135 and 176 mg/dL with lymphocytic pleocytosis (range, 42 to 270 cells). Electrodiagnostic studies showed normal median and ulnar motor potentials with asymmetrically reduced sensory amplitudes in the median (4), ulnar (3), and radial, and lateral antebrachial cutaneous potentials in 1 @entity1 each. Two @entity1 had acute denervation in the cervical or proximal arm muscles. There was full recovery after antibiotic therapy in 4 @entity1 and considerable improvement in 1 @entity1 after 2 months. CONCLUSION: acute @entity11438 is a rare manifestation of acute Lyme infection and responds promptly to antibiotic therapy.

title: Acute XXXX due to @entity3001 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3001 :: ('MESH:D008193', 'Disease') :: ['Lyme disease']

entities_list: @entity11438 :: ('MESH:D020968', 'Disease') :: ['brachial diplegia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['radiculoplexus neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity11438 :: (MESH:D020968,Disease) :: ['brachial diplegia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to describe acute @entity11438 as the initial manifestation of @entity3001 . BACKGROUND: bilateral, predominantly motor, cervical @entity16 , the "dangling arm syndrome," has not been reported as a complication of acute Lyme infection. METHODS: retrospective series of 5 @entity1 from 2 tertiary neuromuscular centers. RESULTS: there were 4 @entity1 and 1 @entity1 with an average age of 69 years. One recalled a tick bite, and preceding constitutional symptoms included @entity10 (2) and @entity221 , @entity4841 , and fatigue in 1 @entity1 each. Proximal arm @entity425 and @entity12761 developed within 3 weeks from onset; @entity158 was bilateral in 3 @entity1 and unilateral in 2 @entity1 , and was described as severe throbbing. Arm @entity425 was bilateral at onset in 3 @entity1 , and right sided in 2 @entity1 followed by spread to the left arm within days. All the @entity1 had @entity425 in the deltoid and biceps that was 3/5 or less (Medical Research Council scale), with variable @entity425 of the triceps and wrist extensors; 1 @entity1 had a flail right arm and moderate (4/5) @entity425 of the proximal left arm muscles. Light touch was normal in the regions of @entity425 , and 1 @entity1 had mildly reduced pin sensation over the forearm. Serum IgM Lyme titers were elevated in all the @entity1 and were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid in 4 tested @entity1 . The cerebrospinal fluid protein ranged between 135 and 176 mg/dL with lymphocytic pleocytosis (range, 42 to 270 cells). Electrodiagnostic studies showed normal median and ulnar motor potentials with asymmetrically reduced sensory amplitudes in the median (4), ulnar (3), and radial, and lateral antebrachial cutaneous potentials in 1 @entity1 each. Two @entity1 had acute denervation in the cervical or proximal arm muscles. There was full recovery after antibiotic therapy in 4 @entity1 and considerable improvement in 1 @entity1 after 2 months. CONCLUSION: acute @entity11438 is a rare manifestation of acute Lyme infection and responds promptly to antibiotic therapy.

title: Acute @entity11438 due to XXXX .

answer: @entity3001 :: (MESH:D008193,Disease) :: ['Lyme disease']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Prospective analysis of 600 extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) approach procedures for intraoperative and perioperative complications. OBJECTIVE: To delineate and describe complications in a large, prospective series of minimally invasive lateral lumbar fusion procedures (XLIF). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: While some small series of lateral lumbar fusion have discussed complications, no results from large studies have been reported. METHODS: A total of 600 @entity1 were treated with a lateral approach to fusion (XLIF) for degenerative spinal conditions. Data were collected prospectively on all @entity1 and analyzed for demographic, diagnostic, and hospitalization information to identify operative and early @entity260 . Documented complication types and rates in this large series were compared with smaller prior reports on lateral approach fusions, as well as other minimally invasive (mini-anterior lumbar interbody fusion and minimally invasive surgical [MIS] transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion) and more traditional fusion approaches (posterior intertransverse fusion, anterior lumbar interbody fusion, posterior lumbar interbody fusion, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion). RESULTS: Seven hundred forty-one levels were treated, 80.8% single level, 15.0% 2 level, 4.0% 3 level, 0.2% 4 level; 59.3%, including the L4 to L5 levels. A total of 99.2% included supplemental internal fixation; 83.2% included pedicle screw fixation (predominantly unilateral). Hemoglobin change from pre- to postoperation averaged 1.38. Hospital stay averaged 1.21 days. The overall incidence of perioperative complications (intraoperation and out to 6 weeks postoperation) was 6.2%: 9 (1.5%) in-hospital surgery-related events, 17 (2.8%) in-hospital medical events, 6 (1.0%) out-of-hospital surgery-related events, and 5 (0.8%) out-of-hospital medical events. There were no wound @entity281 , no @entity1317 , no intraoperative @entity130 , and 4 (0.7%) transient @entity51 . Eleven events (1.8%) resulted in additional procedures/reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with traditional open approaches, the MIS lateral approach to fusion by using the XLIF technique resulted in a lower incidence of @entity16 , and transfusion as well as markedly shorter hospitalization. Complications in MIS XLIF compare favorably with those from other MIS fusion procedures; duration of hospitalization is shorter than with any previously reported technique.

title: Intraoperative and early XXXX in extreme lateral interbody fusion: an analysis of 600 cases.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['infection, visceral and neurologic injury']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['visceral injuries']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['postoperative complications']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A cross sectional multicenter study in six outpatient @entity8462 ( @entity8462 ) in the Netherlands. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to confirm or refute the finding that a strong relationship exists between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with nonspecific @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) by analyzing this relationship in @entity1 with @entity1643 admitted for treatment in six @entity8462 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A strong relationship between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 is suggested. However, in former research weak relationships were found in two of the @entity8462 participating in this study. METHODS: Total study sample consisted of 293 @entity1 (30-66 per RC) with @entity1643 , admitted for outpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation in one of the six participating @entity8462 . Psychosocial distress was measured with the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), self-reported disability with the @entity717 ( @entity717 ). Pearson correlation coefficients between @entity2673 and self-reported disability were calculated. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between SCL-90-R and VAS @entity158 (independent variables) and @entity717 (dependent variable) for the total group and for each RC separately. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between all baseline characteristics and @entity717 in the total group. RESULTS: Correlation coefficient between the SCL-90-R and @entity717 was r = 0.38 for the total sample, indicating a significant (P < 0.05), but weak relationship. For the six individual @entity8462 , correlation coefficients ranged between r = 0.22 and 0.67 (three of the six correlation coefficients were significant). The explained variance (r) of the regression models (SCL-90 and @entity158 intensity as predictors of @entity717 ) was 29% for the total sample, and varied between the @entity8462 from 17% to 52%. Results of the multivariate regression analysis of all baseline characteristics of the total group revealed that the model explained 36% of the total variance observed in @entity717 score. Overall, the contributions of @entity2673 to the models were smaller and more variable compared with @entity158 intensity. CONCLUSION: The overall relationship between @entity2673 and self reported disability was weak, and differences between @entity8462 were considerable. This indicates that the relationship between @entity2673 and disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 is not uniform.

title: Differences in the relationship between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with XXXX in @entity158 rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain', 'CLBP']

entities_list: @entity2673 :: ('MESH:C535569', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial distress']

entities_list: @entity8462 :: ('MESH:D008224', 'Disease') :: ['RCs', 'Rehabilitation Centers']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['RMDQ', 'Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['chronic low back pain']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A cross sectional multicenter study in six outpatient @entity8462 ( @entity8462 ) in the Netherlands. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to confirm or refute the finding that a strong relationship exists between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with nonspecific @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) by analyzing this relationship in @entity1 with @entity1643 admitted for treatment in six @entity8462 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A strong relationship between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 is suggested. However, in former research weak relationships were found in two of the @entity8462 participating in this study. METHODS: Total study sample consisted of 293 @entity1 (30-66 per RC) with @entity1643 , admitted for outpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation in one of the six participating @entity8462 . Psychosocial distress was measured with the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), self-reported disability with the @entity717 ( @entity717 ). Pearson correlation coefficients between @entity2673 and self-reported disability were calculated. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between SCL-90-R and VAS @entity158 (independent variables) and @entity717 (dependent variable) for the total group and for each RC separately. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between all baseline characteristics and @entity717 in the total group. RESULTS: Correlation coefficient between the SCL-90-R and @entity717 was r = 0.38 for the total sample, indicating a significant (P < 0.05), but weak relationship. For the six individual @entity8462 , correlation coefficients ranged between r = 0.22 and 0.67 (three of the six correlation coefficients were significant). The explained variance (r) of the regression models (SCL-90 and @entity158 intensity as predictors of @entity717 ) was 29% for the total sample, and varied between the @entity8462 from 17% to 52%. Results of the multivariate regression analysis of all baseline characteristics of the total group revealed that the model explained 36% of the total variance observed in @entity717 score. Overall, the contributions of @entity2673 to the models were smaller and more variable compared with @entity158 intensity. CONCLUSION: The overall relationship between @entity2673 and self reported disability was weak, and differences between @entity8462 were considerable. This indicates that the relationship between @entity2673 and disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 is not uniform.

title: Differences in the relationship between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 in XXXX rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['six pain']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A cross sectional multicenter study in six outpatient @entity8462 ( @entity8462 ) in the Netherlands. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to confirm or refute the finding that a strong relationship exists between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with nonspecific @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) by analyzing this relationship in @entity1 with @entity1643 admitted for treatment in six @entity8462 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A strong relationship between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 is suggested. However, in former research weak relationships were found in two of the @entity8462 participating in this study. METHODS: Total study sample consisted of 293 @entity1 (30-66 per RC) with @entity1643 , admitted for outpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation in one of the six participating @entity8462 . Psychosocial distress was measured with the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), self-reported disability with the @entity717 ( @entity717 ). Pearson correlation coefficients between @entity2673 and self-reported disability were calculated. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between SCL-90-R and VAS @entity158 (independent variables) and @entity717 (dependent variable) for the total group and for each RC separately. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between all baseline characteristics and @entity717 in the total group. RESULTS: Correlation coefficient between the SCL-90-R and @entity717 was r = 0.38 for the total sample, indicating a significant (P < 0.05), but weak relationship. For the six individual @entity8462 , correlation coefficients ranged between r = 0.22 and 0.67 (three of the six correlation coefficients were significant). The explained variance (r) of the regression models (SCL-90 and @entity158 intensity as predictors of @entity717 ) was 29% for the total sample, and varied between the @entity8462 from 17% to 52%. Results of the multivariate regression analysis of all baseline characteristics of the total group revealed that the model explained 36% of the total variance observed in @entity717 score. Overall, the contributions of @entity2673 to the models were smaller and more variable compared with @entity158 intensity. CONCLUSION: The overall relationship between @entity2673 and self reported disability was weak, and differences between @entity8462 were considerable. This indicates that the relationship between @entity2673 and disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 is not uniform.

title: Differences in the relationship between XXXX and self-reported disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 in @entity158 rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands.

answer: @entity2673 :: (MESH:C535569,Disease) :: ['psychosocial distress']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A cross sectional multicenter study in six outpatient @entity8462 ( @entity8462 ) in the Netherlands. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to confirm or refute the finding that a strong relationship exists between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with nonspecific @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) by analyzing this relationship in @entity1 with @entity1643 admitted for treatment in six @entity8462 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A strong relationship between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 is suggested. However, in former research weak relationships were found in two of the @entity8462 participating in this study. METHODS: Total study sample consisted of 293 @entity1 (30-66 per RC) with @entity1643 , admitted for outpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation in one of the six participating @entity8462 . Psychosocial distress was measured with the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), self-reported disability with the @entity717 ( @entity717 ). Pearson correlation coefficients between @entity2673 and self-reported disability were calculated. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between SCL-90-R and VAS @entity158 (independent variables) and @entity717 (dependent variable) for the total group and for each RC separately. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between all baseline characteristics and @entity717 in the total group. RESULTS: Correlation coefficient between the SCL-90-R and @entity717 was r = 0.38 for the total sample, indicating a significant (P < 0.05), but weak relationship. For the six individual @entity8462 , correlation coefficients ranged between r = 0.22 and 0.67 (three of the six correlation coefficients were significant). The explained variance (r) of the regression models (SCL-90 and @entity158 intensity as predictors of @entity717 ) was 29% for the total sample, and varied between the @entity8462 from 17% to 52%. Results of the multivariate regression analysis of all baseline characteristics of the total group revealed that the model explained 36% of the total variance observed in @entity717 score. Overall, the contributions of @entity2673 to the models were smaller and more variable compared with @entity158 intensity. CONCLUSION: The overall relationship between @entity2673 and self reported disability was weak, and differences between @entity8462 were considerable. This indicates that the relationship between @entity2673 and disability in @entity1 with @entity1643 is not uniform.

title: Differences in the relationship between @entity2673 and self-reported disability in XXXX with @entity1643 in @entity158 rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity14911 ( @entity14912 ) was produced and used by various industries and in consumer products. Because of its persistence, it is ubiquitous in air, water, soil, wildlife, and @entity1 . Although the adverse effects of @entity14912 on male fertility have been reported, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Here, for the first time, the effects of @entity14912 on testicular signaling, such as gonadotropin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor, and inhibins/activins were shown to be directly related to male subfertility. Sexually mature 8-wk-old @entity2659 male @entity19 were administered by gavages in @entity4336 oil daily with 0, 1, 5, or 10 mg/kg @entity14912 for 7, 14, or 21 days. Serum concentrations of @entity251 and epididymal sperm counts were significantly lower in the @entity19 after 21 days of the exposure to the highest dose compared with the controls. The expression levels of @entity7424 were considerably reduced on Day 21 in @entity19 exposed daily to 10 or 5 mg/kg @entity14912 . The transcript levels of the subunits of the testicular factors (i.e., inhibins and activins), @entity21600 , @entity5412 , and @entity48585 , were significantly lower on Day 21 of daily exposure to 10, 5, or 1 mg/kg @entity14912 . The mRNA expression levels of steroidogenic enzymes (i.e., StAR, @entity28226 , @entity42762 , 3beta-HSD, and @entity63745 ) were notably reduced. Therefore, @entity14912 -elicited subfertility in male @entity19 is manifested as progressive deterioration of testicular signaling.

title: Testicular signaling is the potential target of XXXX -mediated subfertility in male @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity14911 :: ('MESH:C076994', 'Chemical') :: ['Perfluorooctanesulfonate']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity7424 :: ('16000(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['testicular receptors for gonadotropin, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor 1']

answer: @entity14911 :: (MESH:C076994,Chemical) :: ['perfluorooctanesulfonate']


abstract: @entity14911 ( @entity14912 ) was produced and used by various industries and in consumer products. Because of its persistence, it is ubiquitous in air, water, soil, wildlife, and @entity1 . Although the adverse effects of @entity14912 on male fertility have been reported, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Here, for the first time, the effects of @entity14912 on testicular signaling, such as gonadotropin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor, and inhibins/activins were shown to be directly related to male subfertility. Sexually mature 8-wk-old @entity2659 male @entity19 were administered by gavages in @entity4336 oil daily with 0, 1, 5, or 10 mg/kg @entity14912 for 7, 14, or 21 days. Serum concentrations of @entity251 and epididymal sperm counts were significantly lower in the @entity19 after 21 days of the exposure to the highest dose compared with the controls. The expression levels of @entity7424 were considerably reduced on Day 21 in @entity19 exposed daily to 10 or 5 mg/kg @entity14912 . The transcript levels of the subunits of the testicular factors (i.e., inhibins and activins), @entity21600 , @entity5412 , and @entity48585 , were significantly lower on Day 21 of daily exposure to 10, 5, or 1 mg/kg @entity14912 . The mRNA expression levels of steroidogenic enzymes (i.e., StAR, @entity28226 , @entity42762 , 3beta-HSD, and @entity63745 ) were notably reduced. Therefore, @entity14912 -elicited subfertility in male @entity19 is manifested as progressive deterioration of testicular signaling.

title: Testicular signaling is the potential target of @entity14911 -mediated subfertility in male XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perioperative outcome and long-term survival of @entity1 who underwent surgical resection for recurrent @entity5 within a multimodal approach in the era of @entity348 ( @entity348 ). BACKGROUND: Introduction of @entity348 has reduced local recurrence and improved oncological outcome of @entity1 with @entity5 . Local recurrence after @entity348 still occurs in 2% to 8% of @entity1 and presents a challenge to surgical and medical oncologists. However, there has been very limited data on the perioperative and long-term outcome of @entity1 who are operated for local recurrence in the era of @entity348 . METHODS: A total of 107 @entity1 who were identified from a prospective @entity5 database underwent surgical exploration for recurrent @entity5 after previous @entity348 between October 2001 and April 2009. Risk factors of perioperative morbidity were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model. Independent predictors of disease-specific survival were identified by a Cox proportional hazards regression model, as were those of local recurrence and disease recurrence at any site. RESULTS: Surgical resection was performed in 92 @entity1 and negative resection margins were achieved in 54 (58.7%) of these. Recurrent disease was located intraluminally and extraluminally in 35 (38.0%) @entity1 and 57 (62.0%) @entity1 , respectively. A total of 19 (20.6%) @entity1 had metastatic extrapelvic disease at the time of surgery. Perioperative surgical morbidity and in-hospital mortality accounted for 42.4% and 3.3%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, partial sacrectomy was associated with surgical morbidity (P = 0.004). Three- and 5-year disease-specific survival rates were 61% and 47%. Three-year survival rate of @entity1 with extrapelvic disease who underwent R0 resection was 42%. On multivariate analysis, surgical morbidity (P = 0.001), presence of extrapelvic disease (P = 0.006), and noncurative (R1; R2) resection (P < 0.0001) were identified as independent adverse predictors of disease-specific survival, whereas a transabdominal resection (as opposed to an abdominoperineal resection/pelvic exenteration) was associated with a more favorable prognosis (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical resection of local recurrence from @entity5 in the era @entity348 can be carried out with acceptable morbidity and curative resection rates. Curative resection remains the major prognostic factor and may enable long-term survival even in @entity1 with extrapelvic disease.

title: Surgery for locally recurrent @entity5 in the era of XXXX : is there still a chance for cure?

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['total mesorectal excision', 'TME']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

answer: @entity348 :: (MESH:C535338,Disease) :: ['total mesorectal excision']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perioperative outcome and long-term survival of @entity1 who underwent surgical resection for recurrent @entity5 within a multimodal approach in the era of @entity348 ( @entity348 ). BACKGROUND: Introduction of @entity348 has reduced local recurrence and improved oncological outcome of @entity1 with @entity5 . Local recurrence after @entity348 still occurs in 2% to 8% of @entity1 and presents a challenge to surgical and medical oncologists. However, there has been very limited data on the perioperative and long-term outcome of @entity1 who are operated for local recurrence in the era of @entity348 . METHODS: A total of 107 @entity1 who were identified from a prospective @entity5 database underwent surgical exploration for recurrent @entity5 after previous @entity348 between October 2001 and April 2009. Risk factors of perioperative morbidity were analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model. Independent predictors of disease-specific survival were identified by a Cox proportional hazards regression model, as were those of local recurrence and disease recurrence at any site. RESULTS: Surgical resection was performed in 92 @entity1 and negative resection margins were achieved in 54 (58.7%) of these. Recurrent disease was located intraluminally and extraluminally in 35 (38.0%) @entity1 and 57 (62.0%) @entity1 , respectively. A total of 19 (20.6%) @entity1 had metastatic extrapelvic disease at the time of surgery. Perioperative surgical morbidity and in-hospital mortality accounted for 42.4% and 3.3%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, partial sacrectomy was associated with surgical morbidity (P = 0.004). Three- and 5-year disease-specific survival rates were 61% and 47%. Three-year survival rate of @entity1 with extrapelvic disease who underwent R0 resection was 42%. On multivariate analysis, surgical morbidity (P = 0.001), presence of extrapelvic disease (P = 0.006), and noncurative (R1; R2) resection (P < 0.0001) were identified as independent adverse predictors of disease-specific survival, whereas a transabdominal resection (as opposed to an abdominoperineal resection/pelvic exenteration) was associated with a more favorable prognosis (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical resection of local recurrence from @entity5 in the era @entity348 can be carried out with acceptable morbidity and curative resection rates. Curative resection remains the major prognostic factor and may enable long-term survival even in @entity1 with extrapelvic disease.

title: Surgery for locally recurrent XXXX in the era of @entity348 : is there still a chance for cure?

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Background. There are a variety of described noninvasive optical detection techniques for evaluation of @entity135 . Contact endoscopy is a promising method of in vivo microscopic examination whereby a rigid telescope is placed on a previously dye-stained mucosa allowing evaluation of the superficial cell layers of the epithelium. This technique produces real-time, magnified images of cellular architecture of surface mucosa comparable to histology without the need for biopsy. In this review, we will briefly summarize the efficacy of CE in the detection of precancerous and @entity1697 and its potential as a novel technique in early diagnosis, monitoring, and preoperative assessment of @entity3137 of the head and neck. Methods. PUBMED, MEDLINE, and COCHRANE search revealed five prospective articles on contact endoscopy for the diagnosis of @entity3137 in the head and neck. Results. The literature search yielded five prospective studies examining contact endoscopy for the diagnosis of benign versus malignant @entity135 . These reported a sensitivity and specificity of 77-100%, specificity of 66-100% and an accuracy of 72-92%. Conclusion. Contact endoscopy is a promising optical technology that may be a useful adjunct in the evaluation and diagnosis of benign and malignant @entity135 . Future prospective randomized double-blind studies of this detection method are required.

title: Contact endoscopy as a novel technique in the detection and diagnosis of XXXX in the head and neck: a brief review.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck mucosal lesions']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal lesions']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['cancerous mucosal lesions']

answer: @entity3137 :: (MESH:D009059,Disease) :: ['mucosal lesions']


abstract: Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is the main protein in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, and the modulation of VDAC may be induced by the excessive release of extracellular @entity2227 . This study examined the role of @entity2227 release on VDAC-mediated apoptosis in an eleven vessel occlusion model in @entity35 . Male @entity35 (250-350 g) were used for the 11 vessel occlusion @entity63 model, which were induced for a 10-min transient occlusion. During the @entity63 and initial reperfusion episode, the real-time monitoring of the extracellular @entity2227 concentration was measured using an amperometric microdialysis biosensor and the cerebral blood flow (CBF) was monitored by laser-Doppler flowmetry. To confirm neuronal apoptosis, the brains were removed 72 h after @entity63 to detect the neuron-specific nuclear protein and pro-apoptotic proteins (cleaved caspase-3, VDAC, @entity10740 and @entity2310 ). The changes in the mitochondrial morphology were measured by atomic force microscopy. A decrease in the % of CBF was observed, and an increase in @entity2227 release was detected after the onset of @entity63 , which continued to increase during the @entity63 period. A significantly higher level of @entity2227 release was observed in the @entity63 group. The increased @entity2227 levels in the @entity63 group resulted in the activation of VDAC and pro-apoptotic proteins in the hippocampus with morphological alterations to the mitochondria. This study suggests that an increase in @entity2227 release promotes VDAC-mediated apoptosis in an 11 vessel occlusion @entity63 model.

title: The role of XXXX release on voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC)-mediated apoptosis in an eleven vessel occlusion model in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity2227 :: (CHEBI:29987,Chemical) :: ['glutamate']


abstract: Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is the main protein in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, and the modulation of VDAC may be induced by the excessive release of extracellular @entity2227 . This study examined the role of @entity2227 release on VDAC-mediated apoptosis in an eleven vessel occlusion model in @entity35 . Male @entity35 (250-350 g) were used for the 11 vessel occlusion @entity63 model, which were induced for a 10-min transient occlusion. During the @entity63 and initial reperfusion episode, the real-time monitoring of the extracellular @entity2227 concentration was measured using an amperometric microdialysis biosensor and the cerebral blood flow (CBF) was monitored by laser-Doppler flowmetry. To confirm neuronal apoptosis, the brains were removed 72 h after @entity63 to detect the neuron-specific nuclear protein and pro-apoptotic proteins (cleaved caspase-3, VDAC, @entity10740 and @entity2310 ). The changes in the mitochondrial morphology were measured by atomic force microscopy. A decrease in the % of CBF was observed, and an increase in @entity2227 release was detected after the onset of @entity63 , which continued to increase during the @entity63 period. A significantly higher level of @entity2227 release was observed in the @entity63 group. The increased @entity2227 levels in the @entity63 group resulted in the activation of VDAC and pro-apoptotic proteins in the hippocampus with morphological alterations to the mitochondria. This study suggests that an increase in @entity2227 release promotes VDAC-mediated apoptosis in an 11 vessel occlusion @entity63 model.

title: The role of @entity2227 release on voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC)-mediated apoptosis in an eleven vessel occlusion model in XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: We studied the ultrastructure and degradative activity of lysosomes in @entity1 livers after somatic @entity204 due to @entity39 secondary to shock and/or @entity542 . The livers were obtained at autopsy after varying postmortem intervals. Liver ultrastructure was studied in intact liver, in hepatocyte suspension obtained by collagenase perfusion of the liver, and in cultured hepatocytes. Lysosomal protein degradation was measured in a case 24 hours after hepatocyte isolation. By standard ultrastructural criteria, all the livers demonstrated typical reversible manifestations of cell injury. Most hepatocytes demonstrated varying degrees of irreversible cell injury. The ultrastructural alterations were less severe in the isolated hepatocytes in suspensions, and further improvement in morphologic appearance occurred in the cultured monolayers. The most striking alteration in the liver lysosomes was the increase in the numbers of lipofuscin granules (a type of residual body) compared with control liver. The hepatocyte lysosomes constituted an average 3.1% of cytoplasmic volume. There was no correlation between the volume density of lysosomes and either the duration of @entity519 , clinical course, or @entity1 's age. There was no increase in the number of autophagic vacuoles or of secondary lysosomes in postmortem liver. Autophagic vacuoles were more frequently seen in isolated and cultured hepatocytes. Cultured hepatocytes isolated within one hour of clinical @entity204 and tested 24 hours later degraded cell proteins at a rate of 1.7% per hour. Protein degradation was stimulated by a physiologic signal ( @entity8279 , 1 mmol/L) and was inhibited by microtubule poison ( @entity5713 ). We conclude that (1) viable hepatocytes can be isolated even after prolonged postmortem intervals (range, 30 minutes to seven hours), (2) @entity130 and shock cause an expansion of hepatocyte lysosomes due to accumulation of lipofuscin, and (3) autophagy is blocked by @entity519 and resumes in the recovery phase from @entity130 in hepatocyte suspensions and in culture.

title: Response of @entity1 hepatocyte lysosomes to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral necrosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['anoxic injury', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['postmortem anoxia']

entities_list: @entity8279 :: ('CHEBI:50095', 'Chemical') :: ['Dibutyryl cAMP']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['postmortem anoxia']


abstract: We studied the ultrastructure and degradative activity of lysosomes in @entity1 livers after somatic @entity204 due to @entity39 secondary to shock and/or @entity542 . The livers were obtained at autopsy after varying postmortem intervals. Liver ultrastructure was studied in intact liver, in hepatocyte suspension obtained by collagenase perfusion of the liver, and in cultured hepatocytes. Lysosomal protein degradation was measured in a case 24 hours after hepatocyte isolation. By standard ultrastructural criteria, all the livers demonstrated typical reversible manifestations of cell injury. Most hepatocytes demonstrated varying degrees of irreversible cell injury. The ultrastructural alterations were less severe in the isolated hepatocytes in suspensions, and further improvement in morphologic appearance occurred in the cultured monolayers. The most striking alteration in the liver lysosomes was the increase in the numbers of lipofuscin granules (a type of residual body) compared with control liver. The hepatocyte lysosomes constituted an average 3.1% of cytoplasmic volume. There was no correlation between the volume density of lysosomes and either the duration of @entity519 , clinical course, or @entity1 's age. There was no increase in the number of autophagic vacuoles or of secondary lysosomes in postmortem liver. Autophagic vacuoles were more frequently seen in isolated and cultured hepatocytes. Cultured hepatocytes isolated within one hour of clinical @entity204 and tested 24 hours later degraded cell proteins at a rate of 1.7% per hour. Protein degradation was stimulated by a physiologic signal ( @entity8279 , 1 mmol/L) and was inhibited by microtubule poison ( @entity5713 ). We conclude that (1) viable hepatocytes can be isolated even after prolonged postmortem intervals (range, 30 minutes to seven hours), (2) @entity130 and shock cause an expansion of hepatocyte lysosomes due to accumulation of lipofuscin, and (3) autophagy is blocked by @entity519 and resumes in the recovery phase from @entity130 in hepatocyte suspensions and in culture.

title: Response of XXXX hepatocyte lysosomes to @entity519 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of antiviral drugs in adults with chronic @entity1956 monoinfection for evidence-based decision-making. METHODS: A systematic review of @entity922 ( @entity922 ) published in English. Results after interferon and nucleos(t)ides analog therapies were synthesized with random-effects meta-analyses and number needed to treat (NNT). RESULTS: Despite sustained improvements in selected biomarkers, no one drug regimen improved all intermediate outcomes. In 16 underpowered @entity922 , drug treatments did not reduce mortality, @entity96 , or @entity82 . Sustained @entity97 DNA clearance was achieved in one @entity1 when two were treated with @entity24488 (NNT from 1 RCT=2 95%CI 1;2) or @entity4020 (NNT from 2 @entity922 =2 95%CI 2;4), 13 with @entity16332 (NNT from 1 RCT=13 95%CI 7;1000), and 11 with peginterferon alpha-2a vs. @entity16332 (NNT from 1 RCT=11 95%CI 7;25). Sustained @entity13211 seroconversion was achieved in one @entity1 when eight were treated with @entity4020 (NNT from 2 @entity922 =8 95%CI 5;33) or 10--with peginterferon alpha-2b vs. @entity4020 (NNT from 1 RCT=10 95%CI 5;1000). Greater benefits and safety after @entity17705 vs. @entity16332 or pegylated @entity4020 vs. @entity4020 require future investigation of clinical outcomes. Adverse events were common and more frequent after interferon. Treatment utilization for adverse effects is unknown. CONCLUSIONS: Individual clinical decisions should rely on comparative effectiveness and absolute rates of intermediate outcomes and adverse events. Future research should clarify the relationship of intermediate and clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of drugs for evidence-based policy and clinical decisions.

title: Systematic review of the literature on comparative effectiveness of antiviral treatments for chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity16332 :: ('MESH:D019259', 'Chemical') :: ['lamivudine']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity17705 :: ('MESH:C413685', 'Chemical') :: ['entecavir']

entities_list: @entity4020 :: ('3440', 'Gene') :: ['interferon alpha-2b']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['RCTs', 'randomized controlled clinical trials']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['hepatitis B infection']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity162 is one of the most common @entity1316 characterized by large and invalidating mood swings. Several projects focus on the development of decision support systems that monitor and advise @entity1 , as well as clinicians. Voice monitoring and speech signal analysis can be exploited to reach this goal. In this study, an Android application was designed for analyzing running speech using a smartphone device. The application can record audio samples and estimate speech fundamental frequency, F0, and its changes. F0-related features are estimated locally on the smartphone, with some advantages with respect to remote processing approaches in terms of privacy protection and reduced upload costs. The raw features can be sent to a central server and further processed. The quality of the audio recordings, algorithm reliability and performance of the overall system were evaluated in terms of voiced segment detection and features estimation. The results demonstrate that mean F0 from each voiced segment can be reliably estimated, thus describing prosodic features across the speech sample. Instead, features related to F0 variability within each voiced segment performed poorly. A case study performed on a @entity162 @entity1 is presented.

title: Smartphone Application for the Analysis of Prosodic Features in Running Speech with a Focus on XXXX : System Performance Evaluation and Case Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['Bipolar disorder', 'bipolar']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['Bipolar Disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Primary @entity784 are a group of rare @entity1583 , derived from mature T lymphocytes and initially developing only in the skin. The most common @entity706 representing this group are @entity3217 fungoides and @entity14041 . @entity3217 fungoides is an @entity66 with a chronic course and characteristic evolution of the @entity272 from erythematous patches, through plaques to @entity5 . @entity14041 is characterized by an aggressive course and a triad of symptoms ( @entity5658 , generalized @entity3329 , and the presence of atypical cells in the skin, lymph nodes and peripheral blood). The etiopathogenesis of @entity706 is not fully understood, but a few studies on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in these @entity5 indicate a significant role in their development and progression. Angiogenesis is a process of formation of new blood vessels from existing ones. Lymphangiogenesis is a similar process concerning lymphatic vasculature. Development of new vessels is a complex process composed of several successive stages: migration, proliferation, and differentiation of endothelial cells, extracellular matrix degradation and formation and stabilization of new vessels, regulated by growth factors, cytokines and other proteins. Both phenomena are essential in the development and progression of solid @entity5 and @entity1583 . Therapeutic strategies involving the inhibition of @entity5 angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are a promising new direction of studies in antitumor therapy, requiring further experiments.

title: Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['indolent disease']

entities_list: @entity3217 :: ('MESH:D015821', 'Disease') :: ['Mycosis', 'mycosis']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas', 'cutaneous lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous T-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity14041 :: ('MESH:D012751', 'Disease') :: ['Sezary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies', 'hematological malignancies']

entities_list: @entity5658 :: ('MESH:D003873', 'Disease') :: ['erythroderma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity784 :: (MESH:D016399,Disease) :: ['cutaneous T-cell lymphomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives To assess the perceived pitch and @entity14434 of popular music by cochlear implant (CI) users. Methods Eleven experienced post-lingually deafened adult CI users rated the pitch, @entity14434 , and clarity of a popular song with 10 frequency allocation settings, including the default. The alternative settings all had logarithmic frequency spacing and frequency shifts of less than one octave compared with the default map. For maps which were perceived as having incorrect pitch, @entity1 adjusted the pitch of the song in real time using a slider, in order to normalize it, and the amount of adjustment was recorded. Results The default map was rated as having close to correct pitch. Naturalness rating was negatively correlated with basal shift from a baseline logarithmic map, which was the same as the default map for basal electrodes (R(2)  =  0.77). Ratings of the clarity of the lyrics were adversely affected by basal shift. The majority of @entity1 were able to rate and adjust pitch appropriately. The frequency shift in the map was highly correlated with @entity1 ' adjustments of the pitch slider (R(2)  =  0.94), but the adjustments were less than expected for the majority of @entity1 . Discussion The pitch ratings for the default allocation suggest that @entity1 have acclimatized to their processors' frequency allocations. Adjustment of the pitch of the song was possible for the majority and suggested that all but one @entity1 was experiencing frequency compression. Expansion of the frequency allocation might help to alleviate this. Conclusion Adjustment of the pitch of a popular song could be helpful for tuning CIs.

title: Perception of the pitch and XXXX of popular music by cochlear implant users.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity14434 :: ('MESH:C566492', 'Disease') :: ['naturalness']

answer: @entity14434 :: (MESH:C566492,Disease) :: ['naturalness']


abstract: Importance: @entity1 who undergo open airway reconstruction procedures are likely to experience some degree of @entity86 and delayed @entity1697 . Objective: To review the duration of @entity86 and outcomes in a group of adult @entity1 . Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Retrospective review of the medical records of adult @entity1 undergoing laryngotracheoplasty, posterior cricoid split laryngoplasty, tracheal resection, and cricotracheal resection in a tertiary hospital between July 2009 and September 2014. Exposures: Laryngotracheoplasty, posterior cricoid split laryngoplasty, tracheal resection, and cricotracheal resection. Main Outcomes and Measures: Demographic characteristics, etiology of airway stenosis, surgical procedure, stent type, and duration of @entity1282 symptoms. Results: Thirty-eight @entity1 (14 @entity1 , 24 @entity1 ; mean [SD; range] age, 48 [14.4; 20-80] years) fitting the inclusion criteria were identified. Twenty-four (63%) @entity1 had laryngotracheal stenosis secondary to prolonged intubation, with 3 (8%), 5 (13%), and 6 (16%) cases being due to autoimmune, idiopathic, or other etiology, respectively. Twenty-five (66%) @entity1 underwent tracheal or cricotracheal resection, and 13 (34%) underwent laryngotracheoplasty or posterior cricoid split laryngoplasty. Of the 17 @entity1 with stents placed, 6 (35%) @entity1 had a suprastomal stent sewn at the top with a @entity7502 suture using a horizontal mattress technique, 6 (35%) @entity1 had a suprastomal stent capped with an extended Silastic thoracic T-tube segment, and 5 (29%) @entity1 had either @entity5274 or hood bronchial stent. Eight of 17 @entity1 used a nasogastric feeding tube while the stent was in place (up to 5 weeks). All @entity1 returned to their preoperative diet. The mean (SD) duration of @entity1282 symptoms in all @entity1 (both those without a stent and following stent removal) was 8 (27.2) days (median, 1.5 days). The mean (SD) duration of @entity1282 symptoms in @entity1 who did not have a stent placed was 4.8 (5.3) days (median, 4 days). Conclusions and Relevance: In this study of adults who underwent open airway reconstruction, all returned to their preoperative diet, but those without stents had a shorter duration of @entity1282 symptoms than those with stents. Approximately half as many @entity1 with a stent had a prolonged course with @entity1282 symptoms compared with those without a stent.

title: XXXX Following Airway Reconstruction in Adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['return to oral intake']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative dysphagia symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1282 :: (MESH:D003680,Disease) :: ['Dysphagia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluated national compliance to selected quality indicators from the Dutch multidisciplinary evidence-based guideline on @entity3123 and identified areas for improvement. METHODS: Compliance to 3 selected quality indicators from the guideline was evaluated before and after implementation of the guideline in 2011: 1) adjuvant chemotherapy after @entity5 resection for @entity3123 , 2) discussion of the @entity1 within a multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting and 3) a maximum 3-week interval between final MDT meeting and start of treatment. RESULTS: In total 5086 @entity1 with @entity3123 were included. In 2010, 2522 @entity1 were included and in 2012, 2564 @entity1 . 1) Use of adjuvant chemotherapy following resection for @entity3123 increased significantly from 45% (120 out of 268) in 2010 to 54% (182 out of 336) in 2012 which was mainly caused by an increase in @entity1 aged <75 years. 2) In 2012, 64% (896 of 1396) of @entity1 suspected of a @entity3123 was discussed within a MDT meeting which was higher in @entity1 aged <75 years and @entity1 starting treatment with curative intent. 3) In 2012, the recommended 3 weeks between final MDT meeting and start of treatment was met in 39% (141 of 363) of @entity1 which was not influenced by @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics. CONCLUSION: Compliance to three selected quality indicators in @entity788 care was low in 2012. Areas for improvement were identified. Future compliance will be investigated through structured audit and feedback from the Dutch @entity788 Audit.

title: National compliance to an evidence-based multidisciplinary guideline on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma', 'pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma', 'pancreatic or periampullary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'Pancreatic Cancer']

answer: @entity3123 :: (MESH:C562463,Disease) :: ['pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity438 are extremely uncommon in adolescents. This study was undertaken to assess the clinical and radiological characteristics and clarify the choice of therapeutic strategies of @entity438 in adolescents with age range from 15 to 18 years. METHODS: From our dedicated aneurysmal databank between October 1985 and July 2008, we reviewed 16 consecutive adolescents who had 20 @entity438 . RESULTS: Ten @entity1 and six @entity1 (male/female ratio = 1.67:1; mean age 16.78      1.18 years) were included in the present study. @entity438 in adolescents constituted 0.91% of all @entity438 . It was found that 25% of the lesions were in the posterior circulation, while 75% of the lesions were in the anterior circulation, and 25% developed on the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Half of the @entity1 presented with @entity510 and others mainly presented with mass effect such as @entity425 , @entity892 , and @entity1319 . Eight cases underwent endovascular treatment: including GDC therapy in five @entity1 , parental @entity432 in two @entity1 , and cover stent implantation in one @entity1 with @entity2849 of the cavernous segment of the left internal carotid artery. Four @entity1 received microsurgical therapy: aneurismal neck clipping for two @entity1 and extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass and trapping of complex @entity439 in MCA for the other two @entity1 . Four @entity1 did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, including a @entity1 whose @entity439 spontaneously thrombosed preoperatively and a @entity1 who died before operation because of rerupture of @entity439 . Two @entity1 did not undergo therapy owing to the high operative risk. All of the @entity1 who received therapy had favorable outcome (GOS 4 or 5) at discharge and at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity438 in adolescents differ from those in adults in many ways including the following: male predominance; high incidence of large or giant, traumatic, dissecting, and fusiform @entity439 ; high incidence of @entity439 in the posterior circulation; high incidence of spontaneous @entity715 ; better Hunt-Hess grade at presentation; and better therapeutic outcome. Both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. For some giant, @entity438 , parent @entity432 or EC-IC bypass is the best treatment choice.

title: XXXX in adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boy', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness in the extremities']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['dysfunction of eye movement']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms', 'complex intracranial aneurysms', 'Intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: The urinary excretion of a @entity413 -containing oligosaccharide, Glc alpha[1-6Glc alpha[1-4Glc alpha[1-4Glc, (Glc4) has been measured in various physiological and pathological conditions. The Glc4 content of 24 h samples from the same individual was relatively constant, whereas 2 h samples showed up to 4-fold variations in Glc4 concentration. This variation is associated mainly with @entity644 after meals. A @entity1735 -rich diet, starvation or a protein-rich diet, and intense physical activity all affected the urinary excretion of Glc4. Both oral and intravenous administration of glycogen in a @entity2608 resulted in @entity644 . When Glc4 itself was injected intravenously in small amounts renal clearance was rapid and complete. In contrast, injection of a larger amount resulted in incomplete (approximately 10%) renal clearance, probably due to uptake and metabolism of the oligosaccharide. In @entity1 with glycogen storage diseases, certain @entity5 , and @entity788 , 24 h urinary Glc4 excretion exceeded the normal range. The diagnostic implications of these observations deserve evaluation. The results presented suggest a need for standardization of nutritional status and physical activity when monitoring urinary Glc4 excretion for diagnostic purposes.

title: Urinary excretion of a XXXX -containing tetrasaccharide. A parameter for increased degradation of glycogen.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['increased excretion of Glc4']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['Rhesus monkey']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: An epidemiological study was conducted to assess the rates of condemnation and the diagnoses made on condemned broiler @entity1573 carcasses in a federally-inspected abattoir. The first objective was to determine the predictive value of a positive test: the proportion of birds that were truly unfit for @entity1 consumption among condemned carcasses. The second objective was to assess the degree of agreement between diagnoses made in the abattoir and diagnoses determined by a detailed gross postmortem examination on the same condemned carcasses. A two-stage convenience sampling technique was used to obtain the birds needed. Fifteen lots of birds were selected and within each of these, approximately 45 condemned carcasses were selected for a total of 680. All the diagnoses made on these birds at the abattoir were recorded and the carcasses individually identified. The sampled carcasses were transported to the Ontario Veterinary College where a panel of three federal veterinarians independently judged whether the birds were fit for @entity1 consumption. In addition, a detailed gross postmortem examination was conducted on each carcass. An overall predictive value of a positive test of approximately 70% was found. The degree of agreement among members of the panel of examiners was also tested. The overall agreement was good (Kappa = 0.62 between examiners 1 and 2 and 0.51 between examiners 1 and 3). However, carcasses condemned for specific conditions at the abattoir, namely valgus @entity85 , mutilation, @entity2688 and @entity99 showed no agreement beyond chance, while other carcasses condemned for conditions such as cyanosis and @entity2981 showed poor agreement concerning their disposition for at least one pair of examiners.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: An assessment of condemnations of broiler XXXX carcasses.

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['varus deformity']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity66 ( @entity66 ) is a systemic @entity1333 which can affect the neurological system. @entity66 ( @entity66 ) is not well described in @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to analyse the clinical patterns of paediatric @entity66 and to describe their repercussions on @entity1 's schooling. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 12 @entity66 @entity1 and a phone interview of @entity1 and their physicians to investigate their last physical and schooling status. RESULTS: In 40 @entity66 @entity1 reviewed, 12 (sex ratio 8M/4F) had neurological involvement. The mean age of onset was 11 years. In 4 cases, @entity16 were the initial presentation. In other cases, @entity66 occurred within a mean time of 10 months after @entity66 was diagnosed. @entity1150 were frequent (5/12) as compared to recurrent @entity5422 (2/12), rhombencephalitis (2/12), transverse @entity4685 (1/12), @entity1897 (1/12) or @entity146 disturbances (1/12). 9 @entity1 had sequelae and 8 had difficulties in learning. 6 stopped at middle school level. For the other @entity1 , an arrangement of the teaching environment was needed due to @entity227 . CONCLUSION: @entity16 is frequent in @entity66 @entity1 and its consequences could be severe. Timely accommodations are required to facilitate their ability to follow the normal curriculum.

title: XXXX in paediatric Beh  et's disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual, auditory and concentration disorders']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ["Neuro-Beh  et's disease", 'NBD', 'Beh  et disease', 'BD']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5422 :: ('MESH:D008590', 'Disease') :: ['meningoencephalitis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms', 'Neurological involvement']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebral venous thromboses']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['Neurological involvement']


abstract: In the last ten years, 17 @entity1 with @entity1576 refractory to standard ventilator therapy have been treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) at the Toronto General Hospital. One @entity1 was treated with ECMO twice. Four perfusions were veno-arterial, the remainder veno-venous. Perfusions ranged from 1 1/2 to 19 days, with a mean of six days. Ten @entity1 died during treatment or soon after it was discontinued. Eight @entity1 improved enough to allow resumption of standard ventilation, and four @entity1 recovered sufficiently to have normal arterial blood gas levels on room air. Three are long-term survivors. Multiple surgical procedures have been performed successfully during use of ECMO including lung lavage, open lung biopsy and three lung transplants. Major complications include @entity548 and @entity295 . The technique involves a substantial commitment of time and personnel but remains a tenable option for presumed reversible life-threatening @entity1576 .

title: Ten-year experience with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic diatheses']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory failure']


abstract: The first knockout of a @entity750 receptor was published more than 10 years ago and since then most of the @entity750 receptors have been genetically inactivated in @entity19 . Reviewing the @entity148 -related behavior of individual receptor knockout lines, it is apparent that genetic inactivation of some receptors, including the 5-HT2A and 5-HT3 receptors, reproduced the phenotype elicited by the acute pharmacological blockade of the receptor. This indicates that signaling through some @entity750 receptors is directly involved in the regulation of @entity148 states. In other cases, however, the genetic inactivation and pharmacological blockade of the receptor resulted in different and sometimes opposing behaviors. For example, the genetic inactivation of the @entity750 transporter results in increased @entity148 whereas chronic pharmacological blockade of the @entity750 transporter by SSRIs leads to reduced @entity148 . @entity19 null for the @entity19472 show increased @entity148 , while selective pharmacological inhibitors of the receptor do not have a measurable effect on @entity148 in adult @entity19 . These are interesting findings because the genetic inactivation of the receptor could be similar to inherited conditions characterized by a loss of function mutation of the receptor/transporter. Indeed, @entity750 transporter knockout in @entity19 may reproduce the s polymorphism in @entity1 . Also, certain individuals have a reduced expression of the @entity19472 that, if present from early life, is similar to the null mutation of the receptor in @entity19 . Therefore, the @entity19472 and @entity750 transporter knock-out @entity19 strains may @entity66 models that can be used to understand how a @entity14200 leads to an @entity148 -like phenotype.

title: Use of @entity19 with Targeted Genetic Inactivation in the Serotonergic System for the Study of XXXX

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['represent disease']

entities_list: @entity14200 :: ('MESH:C564766', 'Disease') :: ['receptor or transporter deficiency']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['Anxiety']


abstract: The first knockout of a @entity750 receptor was published more than 10 years ago and since then most of the @entity750 receptors have been genetically inactivated in @entity19 . Reviewing the @entity148 -related behavior of individual receptor knockout lines, it is apparent that genetic inactivation of some receptors, including the 5-HT2A and 5-HT3 receptors, reproduced the phenotype elicited by the acute pharmacological blockade of the receptor. This indicates that signaling through some @entity750 receptors is directly involved in the regulation of @entity148 states. In other cases, however, the genetic inactivation and pharmacological blockade of the receptor resulted in different and sometimes opposing behaviors. For example, the genetic inactivation of the @entity750 transporter results in increased @entity148 whereas chronic pharmacological blockade of the @entity750 transporter by SSRIs leads to reduced @entity148 . @entity19 null for the @entity19472 show increased @entity148 , while selective pharmacological inhibitors of the receptor do not have a measurable effect on @entity148 in adult @entity19 . These are interesting findings because the genetic inactivation of the receptor could be similar to inherited conditions characterized by a loss of function mutation of the receptor/transporter. Indeed, @entity750 transporter knockout in @entity19 may reproduce the s polymorphism in @entity1 . Also, certain individuals have a reduced expression of the @entity19472 that, if present from early life, is similar to the null mutation of the receptor in @entity19 . Therefore, the @entity19472 and @entity750 transporter knock-out @entity19 strains may @entity66 models that can be used to understand how a @entity14200 leads to an @entity148 -like phenotype.

title: Use of XXXX with Targeted Genetic Inactivation in the Serotonergic System for the Study of @entity148

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: The main purpose of the paper was to compare the effects of outdoor and indoor air quality on the development of chronic @entity1576 measured in the prospective study of chronic @entity764 among the inhabitants of Cracow, Poland. The 5-year follow-up study covered a probability sample of 4355 adult inhabitants. Data on respiratory symptoms and lung function in addition to variables related to environmental and socioeconomic factors were included. To assess the separate and joint effects of the chosen environmental factors on chronic @entity764 , the multiple logistic regression analysis has been carried out. As expected, smoking habit was the strongest single of the factors related to the persistence of the respiratory symptoms. The effect of smoking was more marked in @entity1 than in @entity1 and this can be attributed to longer duration of smoking and more cigarettes smoked daily by @entity1 . Out of all considered adverse occupational factors only chemicals increased the risk of chronic @entity3617 in @entity1 while dust increased the risk of exacerbations in @entity1 . The data showed a significant decrease in risk of exacerbations among the @entity1 who used a gas stove for cooking. The study also confirmed the harmful effect of smoking on lung function. Against this particular background the importance of variable temperature combined with ambient air pollution appeared to have rather strong detrimental biologic impact.

title: Confronting the effects of smoking and air quality on the development of chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest diseases', 'chest problems']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory diseases']


abstract: To evaluate how far the long-term survival rate could be improved by maximum combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, we have performed a trial combination therapy consisting of Linac X-ray irradiation (200 rads X 30) and intraarterial infusion chemotherapy ( @entity1487 250 mg X 15), followed by sufficiently extensive maxillectomy and primary reconstruction. The 5-year crude and relative survival rate of 70 @entity1 were 64.2 and 72.1% respectively. The 5-year crude survival rate in cases with @entity957 was 73.1%. Twelve out of 70 @entity1 died of @entity5 . Local recurrence was seen in 6 cases and the most frequent cause of @entity204 was distant @entity3 which was seen in 25% of T4N0 cases and in 57% of T2-3N1-3 cases. The elderly @entity1 over 71 years occupied 29.1% of the total cases. The 3-year and 5-year crude survival rates in these elderly @entity1 were 75 and 50% respectively. Death due to @entity5 was seen only in 3 @entity1 and the most frequent cause of @entity204 was due to senility and other unrelated causes. As far as @entity957 is concerned, the post-therapeutic courses of our combination therapy have been satisfactory. However further revision of the trial therapy was deemed necessary in T4 and N1-3 maxillary @entity5 . By covering the entire wound surface after total and extended total maxillectomy by a thick flap, the post-operative @entity73 due to scar contracture of the wound could be effectively prevented.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Analysis of the long-term results of our combination therapy for maxillary @entity5 , with particular reference to treatment of T4 and N1-3 maxillary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['facial deformity and functional impairment']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: To evaluate how far the long-term survival rate could be improved by maximum combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, we have performed a trial combination therapy consisting of Linac X-ray irradiation (200 rads X 30) and intraarterial infusion chemotherapy ( @entity1487 250 mg X 15), followed by sufficiently extensive maxillectomy and primary reconstruction. The 5-year crude and relative survival rate of 70 @entity1 were 64.2 and 72.1% respectively. The 5-year crude survival rate in cases with @entity957 was 73.1%. Twelve out of 70 @entity1 died of @entity5 . Local recurrence was seen in 6 cases and the most frequent cause of @entity204 was distant @entity3 which was seen in 25% of T4N0 cases and in 57% of T2-3N1-3 cases. The elderly @entity1 over 71 years occupied 29.1% of the total cases. The 3-year and 5-year crude survival rates in these elderly @entity1 were 75 and 50% respectively. Death due to @entity5 was seen only in 3 @entity1 and the most frequent cause of @entity204 was due to senility and other unrelated causes. As far as @entity957 is concerned, the post-therapeutic courses of our combination therapy have been satisfactory. However further revision of the trial therapy was deemed necessary in T4 and N1-3 maxillary @entity5 . By covering the entire wound surface after total and extended total maxillectomy by a thick flap, the post-operative @entity73 due to scar contracture of the wound could be effectively prevented.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Analysis of the long-term results of our combination therapy for maxillary XXXX , with particular reference to treatment of T4 and N1-3 maxillary @entity5 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To identify the effects of pan-retinal laser treatment on the integrity of neurosensory retinal layers. METHODS: @entity1 were examined with fluorescence angiography after a standardized examination for @entity6 and a peripapillary ring scan with spectral domain optical coherence tomography. A single-session pan-retinal photocoagulation was performed using the PASCAL pattern scanning argon laser applying a minimum of 1,500 spots. Optical coherence tomography was evaluated more than 6 months. RESULTS: Eighteen eyes of 12 consecutive @entity1 with new onset, treatment-naive proliferative @entity6 secondary to @entity2175 were treated and retinal optical coherence tomography morphology evaluated. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness increased statistically significantly from baseline to week 1, when it reached its peak. The combined thickness of the outer plexiform and the inner nuclear layers and the combined thickness of the inner plexiform and the ganglion cell layers showed no relevant changes. The combined thickness of the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor cell layers decreased at month 1 followed by a steady increase in thickness, which remained below baseline values over time. CONCLUSION: Pan-retinal photocoagulation in proliferative @entity6 leads to a slowly reversible, marked biological response with statistically significant morphometric changes detected by spectral domain optical coherence tomography. @entity989 and outer nuclear layers induce an increase in @entity2479 . Simultaneously, the photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium layers decrease in thickness. These changes indicate @entity989 after pan-retinal laser therapy.

title: RETINAL MORPHOMETRY CHANGES MEASURED WITH SPECTRAL DOMAIN-OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AFTER PAN-RETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION IN XXXX WITH PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes Type 2']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['peripapillary total retinal thickness']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['Swelling of the retinal nerve fiber', 'diffuse retinal inflammation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: @entity2329 is considered to be one of the rare @entity166 in Japan, but recently it has been slightly increasing. This paper reports three @entity2329 cases who seemed to be infected recently in the Kitakyushu area, Japan. Case 1: A 59-year-old @entity1 in Kitakyushu City passed a round worm after continuous abdominal @entity158 . The @entity1 was discharged from the hospital because of no further abnormal intestinal symptoms and findings. Case 2: An 85-year-old @entity1 in Nakama City, who suffered from @entity385 , vomited a round worm before hospitalization. Many ascarid eggs were detected after admission, and after treatment with @entity12471 ( @entity12471 ) two round worms were passed and egg detection became negative. Case 3: A 77-year-old @entity1 in Saikawa Town vomited 3 round worms after gastrectomy due to early @entity356 . Many unfertilized eggs were also detected from the stool together with hook worm eggs, but no eggs were found after administration of @entity19839 pamoate. Morphological examination was made by a scanning electron microscope on the denticles on the dentigerous lip ridges of the worms to differentiate from possible infection with a @entity1707 parasite, @entity10130 . The three cases were diagnosed as @entity2329 due to @entity1 @entity9124 based on the following evidences that the expelled worms had 1) less pointed tips of the denticles and shallower or wider interdenticle notches, and 2) far more denticles of smaller size along the dentigerous ridges, compared with @entity10130 . The necessity of differentiating @entity1707 - from @entity1 -ascarids, when considering @entity1 infection with @entity10130 , is discussed.

title: [Three recent cases of XXXX in northern Kyushu].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'human', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity12471 :: ('MESH:D011716', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrantel pamoate', 'Combantrin']

entities_list: @entity2329 :: ('MESH:D001196', 'Disease') :: ['Ascariasis', 'ascariasis']

entities_list: @entity9124 :: ('6252', 'Species') :: ['Ascaris lumbricoides']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity2329 :: (MESH:D001196,Disease) :: ['ascariasis']