abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity and the @entity209 frequently coexist. Both are associated with @entity65 ( @entity65 ). However, the contribution of @entity28 to @entity65 , independent of the presence of the @entity209 , remains controversial. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the WISE study, 780 @entity1 referred for coronary angiography to evaluate suspected @entity741 were classified by body mass index (BMI; <24.9=normal, n=184; > or =25.0 to < or =29.9=overweight, n=269; > or =30.0= @entity28 , n=327) and presence (n=451) or absence (n=329) of the @entity209 , further classified by @entity6 status. Prevalence of significant angiographic @entity453 ( @entity453 ; > or =50% stenosis) and 3-year risk of @entity65 were compared by BMI and metabolic status. The @entity209 and BMI were strongly associated, but only @entity209 was associated with significant @entity453 . Similarly, unit increases in BMI (normal to overweight to @entity28 ) were not associated with 3-year risk of @entity204 (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.92, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.51) or major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE: @entity204 , nonfatal @entity583 , @entity64 , @entity712 ; adjusted HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.27), whereas metabolic status (normal to @entity209 to @entity6 ) conferred an approximate 2-fold adjusted risk of @entity204 (HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.20) and MACE (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.57). Levels of @entity1851 (hs-CRP) were more strongly associated with @entity209 than BMI but were not independently associated with 3-year risk of @entity204 or MACE. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity209 but not BMI predicts future @entity65 in @entity1 . Although it remains prudent to recommend @entity353 in overweight and @entity28 @entity1 , control of all modifiable risk factors in both normal and overweight @entity1 to prevent transition to the @entity209 should be considered the ultimate goal.

title: Clinical importance of obesity versus the metabolic syndrome in @entity65 in XXXX : a report from the @entity1 's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity and the @entity209 frequently coexist. Both are associated with @entity65 ( @entity65 ). However, the contribution of @entity28 to @entity65 , independent of the presence of the @entity209 , remains controversial. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the WISE study, 780 @entity1 referred for coronary angiography to evaluate suspected @entity741 were classified by body mass index (BMI; <24.9=normal, n=184; > or =25.0 to < or =29.9=overweight, n=269; > or =30.0= @entity28 , n=327) and presence (n=451) or absence (n=329) of the @entity209 , further classified by @entity6 status. Prevalence of significant angiographic @entity453 ( @entity453 ; > or =50% stenosis) and 3-year risk of @entity65 were compared by BMI and metabolic status. The @entity209 and BMI were strongly associated, but only @entity209 was associated with significant @entity453 . Similarly, unit increases in BMI (normal to overweight to @entity28 ) were not associated with 3-year risk of @entity204 (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.92, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.51) or major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE: @entity204 , nonfatal @entity583 , @entity64 , @entity712 ; adjusted HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.27), whereas metabolic status (normal to @entity209 to @entity6 ) conferred an approximate 2-fold adjusted risk of @entity204 (HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.20) and MACE (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.57). Levels of @entity1851 (hs-CRP) were more strongly associated with @entity209 than BMI but were not independently associated with 3-year risk of @entity204 or MACE. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity209 but not BMI predicts future @entity65 in @entity1 . Although it remains prudent to recommend @entity353 in overweight and @entity28 @entity1 , control of all modifiable risk factors in both normal and overweight @entity1 to prevent transition to the @entity209 should be considered the ultimate goal.

title: Clinical importance of obesity versus the metabolic syndrome in @entity65 in @entity1 : a report from the XXXX 's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular risk']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity72235 sp. are facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria, extensively studied for their electron transfer ability. @entity72235 has been detected and isolated from marine environments, and in particular, from biofilms. However, its ability to adhere to surfaces and form a biofilm is poorly understood. In this study, we show that the ability to adhere and to form a biofilm of @entity72236 is significantly higher than that of @entity18702 in our conditions. We also show that this strain forms a biofilm in artificial seawater, whereas in Luria-Bertani, this capacity is reduced. To identify proteins involved in early biofilm formation, a proteomic analysis of sessile versus planktonic membrane-enriched fractions allowed the identification of several components of the same type VI secretion system gene cluster: putative Hcp1 and ImpB proteins as well as a forkhead-associated domain-containing protein. The upregulation of Hcp1 a marker of active translocation has been confirmed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Our data demonstrated the presence of a single and complete type VI secretion system in @entity72236 genome, upregulated in sessile compared with planktonic conditions. The fact that three proteins including the secreted protein Hcp1 have been identified may suggest that this type VI secretion system is functional.

title: The marine bacteria XXXX upregulates the type VI secretion system during early biofilm formation.

entities_list: @entity72236 :: ('318167', 'Species') :: ['S.   frigidimarina   NCIMB400']

entities_list: @entity72235 :: ('56812', 'Species') :: ['Shewanella', 'Shewanella frigidimarina']

entities_list: @entity18702 :: ('70863', 'Species') :: ['Shewanella oneidensis']

answer: @entity72236 :: (318167,Species) :: ['Shewanella frigidimarina   NCIMB400']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine efficacy of a modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) protocol for @entity1 with @entity64 . DESIGN: Multiple-baseline, pre-post, single-blinded randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Outpatient clinic. @entity1 : Seventeen @entity1 who experienced @entity64 more than 1 year before study entry and who had @entity3140 and learned nonuse. INTERVENTION: Seven @entity1 participated in structured therapy sessions emphasizing more affected arm use in valued activities, 3 times a week for 10 weeks. Their less affected arms were also restrained 5d/wk for 5 hours (mCIMT). Four @entity1 received regular therapy with similar contact time to mCIMT. Six @entity1 received no therapy (control). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery ( @entity7595 ), Action Research Arm ( @entity12335 ) Test, and Motor Activity Log (MAL). RESULTS: The mCIMT @entity1 exhibited greater motor changes on the @entity7595 and @entity12335 (18.4, 11.4) than regular therapy (6.0, 7.1) or control (-2.9, -4.5). Statistical analyses showed significant differences in motor improvement on the @entity7595 (F(2,12)=11.2, P=.002) and the @entity12335 (F(2,12)=14.0, P=.001). Post hoc analyses showed that, when pretreatment motor differences are controlled, mCIMT resulted in substantially higher posttreatment @entity7595 and @entity12335 scores. Amount and quality of arm use, measured by the MAL, improved only in mCIMT @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: mCIMT may be an efficacious method of improving function and use of the more affected arms of @entity64 @entity1 . Findings further affirm that repeated, task-specific practice is critical to reacquisition of function, whereas practice schedule intensity is less critical.

title: Efficacy of modified constraint-induced movement therapy in XXXX : a single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'chronic stroke']

entities_list: @entity3140 :: ('MESH:D038062', 'Disease') :: ['upper-limb hemiparesis']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['chronic stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify the location of the motor nerve branches to the soleus and tibialis posterior muscles in relation to anatomic surface landmarks for selective motor nerve blocks in the management of the @entity508 foot. DESIGN: Descriptive study by computed tomography (CT) scan of 12 hemiplegic legs. SETTING: Spasticity group at a university hospital. @entity1 : Twelve @entity1 with @entity1158 (6 @entity1 , 6 @entity1 ) with @entity508 foot. INTERVENTION: Three-dimensional location of the motor nerve branches to the soleus and tibialis posterior muscles with CT scan, followed by selective motor branch blocks with anesthetics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Vertical, horizontal, and deep coordinates determined by CT scan in relation to anatomic surface landmarks (upper extremity of the fibula and vertical metallic element). Soleus and tibialis posterior @entity508 (Ashworth Scale), soleus H-wave maximum (Hmax)/M-wave maximum (Mmax) ratio, and sensory testing before and after the blocks. RESULTS: The mean coordinates +/- standard deviation for the soleus motor branch were 10+/-5 mm (vertical), 17+/-9 mm (horizontal), and 30+/-4 mm (deep); for the tibialis posterior motor branch they were 45+/-6mm (vertical), 17+/-8mm (horizontal), and 47+/-4 mm (deep). Spasticity and Hmax/Mmax ratio decreased after the blocks, confirming their efficiency. No subjects experienced additional sensory deficit. CONCLUSION: Our study determined the location of the motor nerve branches to the soleus and tibialis posterior muscles in relation to anatomic surface landmarks for selective motor branch blocks and neurolytic procedures. These coordinates allow us to perform selective motor blocks without CT scan.

title: Selective blocks of the motor nerve branches to the soleus and tibialis posterior muscles in the management of the XXXX foot.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spastic equinovarus', 'spasticity']

entities_list: @entity1158 :: ('MESH:D006429', 'Disease') :: ['hemiplegia']

answer: @entity508 :: (MESH:D009128,Disease) :: ['spastic equinovarus']


abstract: @entity4263 ( @entity4263 ) is an uncommon @entity299 characterized by the atria connecting with the anatomically discordant ventricles and the ventricles connecting with discordant and transposed great arteries. Parallel vessels are evident in corrected @entity13808 , but as this sign is also present in complete @entity13808 , a @entity4297 requiring major cardiac surgery in the postnatal period, it is important to differentiate between the entities prenatally. Most cases of @entity4263 have associated anomalies but isolated forms or those with a mild @entity299 are infrequently detected prenatally. We report on three cases detected between 21 and 25 weeks' gestation on screening ultrasound with associated mild findings. One fetus had an isolated @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) first detected at 34 weeks. The @entity1 developed @entity616 at 4 years of age. The second case was associated with a small @entity1757 , a tiny pulmonary trunk and a persistent right umbilical vein. After birth, mild @entity849 was found as an additional cardiac finding at 4 months of age. The third fetus had no additional @entity299 prenatally, but after birth a bicuspid aortic valve was detected. The first case needed pacemaker implantation but the other two @entity1 required no cardiac surgery. Two of the cases were referred because abnormal vessel anatomy was detected on screening ultrasound. As prenatal detection of @entity13808 is becoming a more frequent occurrence, this paper aims to present clues aiding in the prenatal diagnosis of @entity713 , especially in its differentiation from complete transposition. These details are crucial for counseling and perinatal management.

title: XXXX : clues for prenatal diagnosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

entities_list: @entity849 :: ('MESH:D011666', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity4263 :: ('MESH:C535426', 'Disease') :: ['Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries', 'ccTGA']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac defect', 'cardiac anomalies', 'associated cardiac anomaly']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['heart anomaly']

answer: @entity4263 :: (MESH:C535426,Disease) :: ['Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries']


abstract: @entity7110 ( @entity7110 ) initiate immunoreceptor @entity669 -based inhibition motif (ITIM) signaling and inhibit B cell activation by coligating B cell receptor for antigen (BCR) and FcgammaRII. Nevertheless, @entity7110 on follicular dendritic cells (FDC) stimulate rapid @entity32891 cell proliferation suggesting that interactions between @entity7110 and FDC render @entity7110 capable of B cell activation. To understand this, we studied the kinetics of @entity20305 (CR1_2) expressions during the GC reaction and determined whether FDC FcgammaRII could bind Fc in @entity7110 and block ITIM signaling. @entity19 were immunized with @entity742 red blood cells (SRBC), and CR1_2 and FcgammaRII levels in FDC reticula were monitored. The role of FDC FcgammaRII was studied using anti-BCR-stimulated A20 cells. Levels of FDC FcgammaRII in spleens of SRBC-injected @entity19 increased within 24 h and were dramatically increased (approximately 50-fold) on days 3 and 5. In contrast, CR1_2 levels increased less than twofold. Addition of normal FDC, but not FDC lacking FcgammaRII, reduced and reversed anti-BCR-induced @entity20216 phosphorylation in A20 cells. FDC were able to induce normal recall responses even after overnight incubation of the lymphocytes with @entity7110 to stimulate ITIM signaling. Engagement of Ig Fc with numerous FcgammaRII on FDC appears to minimize @entity7110 -induced ITIM signaling. Thus, rapid up-regulation of FDC FcgammaRII may explain why poorly immunogenic @entity7110 are rendered highly immunogenic when presented by FDC in GC.

title: FcgammaRII expression on follicular dendritic cells and immunoreceptor XXXX -based inhibition motif signaling in B cells.

entities_list: @entity20305 :: ('12902(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['FDC FcgammaRII and complement receptors 1 and 2']

entities_list: @entity20216 :: ('16331(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['SH2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase (SHIP)-1']

entities_list: @entity7110 :: ('MESH:D007105', 'Disease') :: ['Immune complexes', 'IC']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Ethnic minority @entity1 often receive poorer quality care and have worse outcomes than white @entity1 , yet practice-based approaches to reduce such disparities have not been identified. We determined whether practice-initiated quality improvement (QI) interventions for @entity308 primary care @entity1 improve care across ethnic groups and reduce outcome disparities. STUDY SETTING: The sample consists of 46 primary care practices in 6 U.S. managed care organizations; 181 clinicians; 398 Latinos, 93 African Americans, and 778 white @entity1 with probable @entity308 . STUDY DEIGN: Matched practices were randomized to usual care or one of two QI programs that trained local experts to educate clinicians; nurses to educate, assess, and follow-up with @entity1 ; and psychotherapists to conduct Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. @entity1 and physicians selected treatments. Interventions featured modest accommodations for minority @entity1 (e.g., translations, cultural training for clinicians). DATA EXTRACTION METHODS: Multilevel logistic regression analyses assessed intervention effects within and among ethnic groups. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: At baseline, all ethnic groups Latino, African American, white) had low to moderate rates of appropriate care and the interventions significantly improved appropriate care at six months (by 8-20 percentage points) within each ethnic group, with no significant difference in response by ethnic group. The interventions significantly decreased the likelihood that Latinos and African Americans would report probable @entity308 at months 6 and 12; the white intervention sample did not differ from controls in reported probable @entity308 at either follow-up. While the intervention significantly improved the rate of employment for whites and not for minorities, precision was low for comparing intervention response on this outcome. It is important to note that minorities remained less likely to have appropriate care and more likely to be @entity308 than white @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of quality improvement interventions that have modest accommodations for minority @entity1 can improve quality of care for whites and underserved minorities alike, while minorities may be especially likely to benefit clinically. Further research needs to clarify whether employment benefits are limited to whites and if so, whether this represents a difference in opportunities. Quality improvement programs appear to improve quality of care without increasing disparities, and may offer an approach to reduce health disparities.

title: Improving care for minorities: can quality improvement interventions improve care and outcomes for XXXX minorities? Results of a randomized, controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder', 'depressed', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressed']


abstract: Protein profiles of brain areas mediating effects of @entity134 hormones on copulation were compared between animals in gonadal @entity134 states predictive of either the presence or absence of copulatory activity. A broad range of proteins present in micropunches of tissue from the medial preoptic area (MPO) and from the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) were compared between male and female @entity35 with gonadal @entity230 present or absent. Half of the animals of each gender were gonadectomized 1 month prior to sacrifice. The remaining males were left intact, while the remaining females were gonadectomized, implanted with @entity172 capsules, and injected with @entity1420 prior to sacrifice. These females were screened for sexual receptivity immediately prior to sacrifice. Proteins from the MPO and VMH of each animal were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, @entity575 stained, and quantified by computerized optical densitometry. Several proteins differed in density between gels of high- @entity134 males and and females and between high- @entity134 and absent- @entity134 animals of one or both genders. Two previously reported sex differences were replicated and found to depend on activational effects of gonadal steroids. Several interesting reversal patterns were noted between MPO and VMH, including three proteins that were affected by gonadectomy in the MPO of males, but not females, and in the VMH of females, but not males, thus correlating with sexual function. These included serum albumin (a possible index of local area blood flow) and @entity20482 , a glycolytic enzyme of anaerobic metabolism. A probable genetic polymorphism was discovered at a locus whose expression appears to be regulated by gonadal steroids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Proteins regulated by gonadal steroids in the medial preoptic and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleic of male and female XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: A personal prospective study of 98 consecutive @entity1 presenting with @entity16 and @entity174 or dislocations between the 9th thoracic and 2nd lumbar vertebrae bodies. Fifty-three @entity1 underwent Harrington instrumentation, and 45 @entity1 were treated recumbently. Neurological improvement was much better following Harrington rods in the complete @entity451 group but there was no difference in neurological recovery between the two groups in those with incomplete @entity451 . Forty-two @entity1 who had been stabilised with Harrington rods underwent post-operative myelography or tomography to assess the adequacy of spinal decompression. The best results were in @entity1 with adequate neural canal decompression. In 21 cases decompression had not been adequate, usually due to a stereotyped pattern in which the postero-superior aspect of the fractured body remained in the neural canal. All 21 underwent anterior decompression at an average of five months post injury. All the incomplete anterior decompression at an average of five months post injury. All the incomplete paraplegics (nine @entity1 ) regained the ability to walk, three of the 12 complete paraplegics improved and regained the ability to walk with bilateral ankle-foot orthoses. Neurological improvement was dependent upon the adequacy of spinal cord decompression and not upon Harrington rods. per se. Harrington rods alone were not adequate to decompress the spinal canal in 50 per cent of cases. The best results after anterior decompression occurred where neural compression was caused by a minimally displaced wedge @entity174 distal to T12.

title: XXXX of the thoraco-lumbar spine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7025 is characterised by an occlusion of the carotid terminations with the development of collateral vessels. Our objective is to describe a series of @entity1 presenting early-onset @entity7025 , which may constitute a distinct entity. METHODS: From a cohort of @entity1 with rare cerebral vascular pathologies, we studied eight @entity1 (28  days-1  year) with early-onset @entity7025 demonstrated by angiography. We retrospectively analysed the patterns on MRI and MRA, as well as all other available data. RESULTS: Median age at diagnosis was 7  months (IQR: 6-8) with arterial @entity64 in the middle cerebral artery territory. All of the @entity1 experienced severe @entity64 recurrence within a median time of 11  months (IQR: 10-12), and all showed extraneurological symptoms. The anterior cerebral circulation was involved in all cases and the posterior circulation was involved in six. Two @entity1 died and all of the other @entity1 suffered permanent @entity51 . CONCLUSIONS: The presence of extraneurological signs in cases of early-onset @entity7025 is suggestive of a newly described systemic @entity455 with predominantly cerebrovascular expression. Given its rapid progression marked by severe recurrent @entity64 and poor clinical outcome, early diagnosis could help in the decision to institute aggressive therapy.

title: Early-onset XXXX and extraneurological signs: a first reported paediatric series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'ischaemic stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity7025 :: ('MESH:D009072', 'Disease') :: ['moyamoya syndrome', 'Moyamoya syndrome', 'moyamoya-like syndrome']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke with moyamoya-like syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cardiovascular (CV) @entity137 is an important cause of failure during drug development. Blood-based biomarkers can be used to detect CV @entity137 during preclinical development and prioritize compounds at lower risk of causing such @entity137 . Evidence of @entity296 can be detected by measuring concentrations of biomarkers such as @entity35412 and @entity908 kinase in blood; however, detection of functional changes in the CV system, such as blood pressure, generally requires studies in animals with surgically implanted pressure transducers. This is a significant limitation because sustained changes in blood pressure are often accompanied by changes in heart rate and together can lead to @entity1283 and @entity296 in animals, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in @entity1 . Increased concentrations of NPs in blood correlate with higher risk of cardiac mortality, all-cause mortality, and MACE in @entity1 . Their utility as biomarkers of CV function and @entity137 in rodents was investigated by exploring the relationships between plasma concentrations of NTproANP and NTproBNP, blood pressure, heart rate, and heart weight in @entity35 administered compounds that caused @entity551 or @entity101 , including @entity594 , @entity44805 , @entity5491 , @entity6462 , @entity1955 , or @entity2240 for 1-2 weeks. Changes in NTproANP and/or NTproBNP concentrations were inversely correlated with changes in blood pressure. NTproANP and NTproBNP concentrations were inconsistently correlated with relative heart weights. In addition, increased heart rate was associated with increased heart weights. These studies support the use of natriuretic peptides and heart rate to detect changes in blood pressure and @entity1283 in short-duration @entity35 studies.

title: Natriuretic Peptides as Cardiovascular Safety Biomarkers in XXXX : Comparison With Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Heart Weight.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial degeneration']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity44805 :: ('MESH:C006326', 'Chemical') :: ['fluprostenol']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['L-thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity5491 :: ('MESH:D008914', 'Chemical') :: ['minoxidil']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9241 dynamic positron emission tomography (dPET) is used to identify @entity5 @entity519 non-invasively. Its routine clinical implementation, however, has been hampered by the long acquisition times required. We investigated the feasibility of kinetic modeling using shortened acquisition times in @entity9241 dPET, with the goal of expediting the clinical implementation of @entity9241 dPET protocols. METHODS: Six @entity1 with @entity957 of the @entity135 and ten HT29 @entity14 -bearing nude @entity35 were studied. In addition to an @entity419 PET scan, each @entity1 underwent a 45-min @entity9241 dPET scan, followed by 10 min acquisitions at 96  4 and 163  17 min post-injection. Ninety-minute @entity9241 dPET acquisitions were performed in animals. Intra- @entity5 voxels were classified into 4 clusters based on their kinetic behavior using k-means clustering. Kinetic modeling was carried out using the foregoing @entity27915 ( @entity27915 ) and repeated for each of two shortened datasets corresponding to the first ~100 min ( @entity15757 ; @entity1 only) or the first 45 min (SD2) of dPET data. The kinetic rate constants (KRCs) as calculated with a 2-compartment model for both @entity15757 and SD2 were compared to those derived from @entity27915 by correlation (Pearson), regression (Passing-Bablok), deviation (Bland-Altman) and classification (area under receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC) analyses. Simulations were performed to assess uncertainties due to statistical noise. RESULTS: Strong correlation (r>= 0.75, p<0.001) existed between all KRCs deduced from both @entity15757 and SD2, and from @entity27915 . Significant differences between KRCs were only found for @entity27915 -SD2 correlations in @entity1 studies. @entity19488 were reproducible to within ~6% and ~30% ( @entity27915 - @entity15757 ; @entity1 ) and ~4% and ~75% ( @entity27915 -SD2; animals). AUC values for classification of @entity1 clusters as @entity519 , using a @entity5 -to-blood ratio>1.2, were 0.91 ( @entity15757 ) and 0.86 (SD2). The percentage standard deviation in estimating @entity19488 from 45-min shortened datasets due to noise was <1% and between 2-12% respectively. CONCLUSION: Using single-session 45-min shortened @entity9241 dynamic PET datasets appears to be adequate for the identification of intra- @entity5 regions of @entity519 . However, k3 was significantly overestimated in the clinical cohort. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical significance of differences between the results as calculated from full and shortened datasets.

title: Feasibility of XXXX kinetic modeling in @entity135 using shortened acquisition times.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity9241 :: ('MESH:C031843', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluoromisonidazole']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity27915 :: ('MESH:C537270', 'Disease') :: ['FD', 'full datasets']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

answer: @entity9241 :: (MESH:C031843,Chemical) :: ['18F-fluoromisonidazole']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9241 dynamic positron emission tomography (dPET) is used to identify @entity5 @entity519 non-invasively. Its routine clinical implementation, however, has been hampered by the long acquisition times required. We investigated the feasibility of kinetic modeling using shortened acquisition times in @entity9241 dPET, with the goal of expediting the clinical implementation of @entity9241 dPET protocols. METHODS: Six @entity1 with @entity957 of the @entity135 and ten HT29 @entity14 -bearing nude @entity35 were studied. In addition to an @entity419 PET scan, each @entity1 underwent a 45-min @entity9241 dPET scan, followed by 10 min acquisitions at 96  4 and 163  17 min post-injection. Ninety-minute @entity9241 dPET acquisitions were performed in animals. Intra- @entity5 voxels were classified into 4 clusters based on their kinetic behavior using k-means clustering. Kinetic modeling was carried out using the foregoing @entity27915 ( @entity27915 ) and repeated for each of two shortened datasets corresponding to the first ~100 min ( @entity15757 ; @entity1 only) or the first 45 min (SD2) of dPET data. The kinetic rate constants (KRCs) as calculated with a 2-compartment model for both @entity15757 and SD2 were compared to those derived from @entity27915 by correlation (Pearson), regression (Passing-Bablok), deviation (Bland-Altman) and classification (area under receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC) analyses. Simulations were performed to assess uncertainties due to statistical noise. RESULTS: Strong correlation (r>= 0.75, p<0.001) existed between all KRCs deduced from both @entity15757 and SD2, and from @entity27915 . Significant differences between KRCs were only found for @entity27915 -SD2 correlations in @entity1 studies. @entity19488 were reproducible to within ~6% and ~30% ( @entity27915 - @entity15757 ; @entity1 ) and ~4% and ~75% ( @entity27915 -SD2; animals). AUC values for classification of @entity1 clusters as @entity519 , using a @entity5 -to-blood ratio>1.2, were 0.91 ( @entity15757 ) and 0.86 (SD2). The percentage standard deviation in estimating @entity19488 from 45-min shortened datasets due to noise was <1% and between 2-12% respectively. CONCLUSION: Using single-session 45-min shortened @entity9241 dynamic PET datasets appears to be adequate for the identification of intra- @entity5 regions of @entity519 . However, k3 was significantly overestimated in the clinical cohort. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical significance of differences between the results as calculated from full and shortened datasets.

title: Feasibility of @entity9241 kinetic modeling in XXXX using shortened acquisition times.

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Acute @entity1030 exacerbations account for much of the rising disability and costs associated with @entity1030 , but data on predictive risk factors are limited. The goal of the current study was to develop a robust, clinically based model to predict frequent exacerbation risk. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 identified from the Optimum @entity1 Care Research Database (OPCRD) with a diagnostic code for @entity1030 and a forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio <0.7 were included in this historical follow-up study if they were >= 40 years old and had data encompassing the year before (predictor year) and year after (outcome year) study index date. The data set contained potential risk factors including demographic, clinical, and comorbid variables. Following univariable analysis, predictors of two or more exacerbations were fed into a stepwise multivariable logistic regression. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for subpopulations of @entity1 without any @entity565 diagnosis ever and those with questionnaire data on symptoms and smoking pack-years. The full predictive model was validated against 1 year of prospective OPCRD data. RESULTS: The full data set contained 16,565 @entity1 (53% male, median age 70 years), including 9,393 @entity1 without any recorded @entity565 and 3,713 @entity1 with questionnaire data. The full model retained eleven variables that significantly predicted two or more exacerbations, of which the number of exacerbations in the preceding year had the strongest association; others included height, age, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and several comorbid conditions. Significant predictors not previously identified included @entity1712 and @entity1030 Assessment Test score. The predictive ability of the full model (C statistic 0.751) changed little when applied to the validation data set (n=2,713; C statistic 0.735). Results of the sensitivity analyses supported the main findings. CONCLUSION: @entity1 at risk of exacerbation can be identified from routinely available, computerized primary care data. Further study is needed to validate the model in other @entity1 populations.

title: Predicting frequent XXXX exacerbations using primary care data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity2012 is a @entity4903 caused by excessive secretion of @entity2338 , secondary to a @entity2338 secreting @entity977 or a mixed @entity977 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue on @entity2338 and @entity442 levels in a group of 30 @entity1 with @entity2012 . @entity9229 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity2390 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity1 were treated with @entity18245 30 mg/week and @entity9229 2 mg/week and 3 @entity1 were treated with @entity2847 10 mg/day and @entity2390 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity9229 and @entity2390 achieved normal levels of @entity442 in 32% of the @entity1 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity9229 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity442 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity9229 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity442 was achieved in 25% of @entity1 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity2390 and @entity2847 was similar to that obtained under @entity9229 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity2338 and the type or dose of @entity935 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity442 levels in @entity1 with mixed @entity652 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. A decrease in @entity442 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity9229 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: XXXX analogues and @entity935 agonists on @entity2338 and @entity442 levels in @entity2012 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['Bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity9229 :: ('MESH:C047047', 'Chemical') :: ['Cabergoline']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly', 'Acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity18245 :: ('MESH:C060347', 'Chemical') :: ['Lanreotide']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['Sandostatin']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['complex endocrine disorder']

answer: @entity1943 :: (MESH:D013004,Chemical) :: ['somatostatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity2012 is a @entity4903 caused by excessive secretion of @entity2338 , secondary to a @entity2338 secreting @entity977 or a mixed @entity977 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue on @entity2338 and @entity442 levels in a group of 30 @entity1 with @entity2012 . @entity9229 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity2390 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity1 were treated with @entity18245 30 mg/week and @entity9229 2 mg/week and 3 @entity1 were treated with @entity2847 10 mg/day and @entity2390 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity9229 and @entity2390 achieved normal levels of @entity442 in 32% of the @entity1 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity9229 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity442 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity9229 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity442 was achieved in 25% of @entity1 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity2390 and @entity2847 was similar to that obtained under @entity9229 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity2338 and the type or dose of @entity935 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity442 levels in @entity1 with mixed @entity652 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. A decrease in @entity442 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity9229 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: @entity1943 analogues and @entity935 agonists on XXXX and @entity442 levels in @entity2012 .

answer: @entity2338 :: (MESH:D004393,Disease) :: ['GH']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity2012 is a @entity4903 caused by excessive secretion of @entity2338 , secondary to a @entity2338 secreting @entity977 or a mixed @entity977 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue on @entity2338 and @entity442 levels in a group of 30 @entity1 with @entity2012 . @entity9229 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity2390 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity1 were treated with @entity18245 30 mg/week and @entity9229 2 mg/week and 3 @entity1 were treated with @entity2847 10 mg/day and @entity2390 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity9229 and @entity2390 achieved normal levels of @entity442 in 32% of the @entity1 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity9229 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity442 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity9229 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity442 was achieved in 25% of @entity1 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity2390 and @entity2847 was similar to that obtained under @entity9229 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity2338 and the type or dose of @entity935 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity442 levels in @entity1 with mixed @entity652 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. A decrease in @entity442 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity9229 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: @entity1943 analogues and @entity935 agonists on @entity2338 and XXXX levels in @entity2012 .

answer: @entity442 :: (3479,Gene) :: ['IGF1']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity2012 is a @entity4903 caused by excessive secretion of @entity2338 , secondary to a @entity2338 secreting @entity977 or a mixed @entity977 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue on @entity2338 and @entity442 levels in a group of 30 @entity1 with @entity2012 . @entity9229 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity2390 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity1 were treated with @entity18245 30 mg/week and @entity9229 2 mg/week and 3 @entity1 were treated with @entity2847 10 mg/day and @entity2390 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity9229 and @entity2390 achieved normal levels of @entity442 in 32% of the @entity1 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity9229 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity442 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity9229 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity442 was achieved in 25% of @entity1 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity2390 and @entity2847 was similar to that obtained under @entity9229 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity2338 and the type or dose of @entity935 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity442 levels in @entity1 with mixed @entity652 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. A decrease in @entity442 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity9229 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: @entity1943 analogues and XXXX agonists on @entity2338 and @entity442 levels in @entity2012 .

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity2012 is a @entity4903 caused by excessive secretion of @entity2338 , secondary to a @entity2338 secreting @entity977 or a mixed @entity977 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue on @entity2338 and @entity442 levels in a group of 30 @entity1 with @entity2012 . @entity9229 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity2390 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity1 were treated with @entity18245 30 mg/week and @entity9229 2 mg/week and 3 @entity1 were treated with @entity2847 10 mg/day and @entity2390 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity9229 and @entity2390 achieved normal levels of @entity442 in 32% of the @entity1 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity9229 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity442 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity9229 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity442 was achieved in 25% of @entity1 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity2390 and @entity2847 was similar to that obtained under @entity9229 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity2338 and the type or dose of @entity935 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity935 agonist and @entity1943 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity442 levels in @entity1 with mixed @entity652 secreting @entity2338 and PRL. A decrease in @entity442 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity9229 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: @entity1943 analogues and @entity935 agonists on @entity2338 and @entity442 levels in XXXX .

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose (45  mg) intravesical bacille Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG) therapy in the treatment of @entity1 with non-muscle-invasive @entity150 (NMIBC), as intravesical BCG is the most acceptable adjuvant therapy for NMI transitional cell @entity150 . However, in the standard regimen, undesirable effects are the main cause of treatment discontinuation. @entity1 AND METHODS: The present study included 37 @entity1 with primary NIMBC. All @entity1 underwent complete TURB and 2  weeks later, a 6-week course of 45  mg BCG diluted in 50  mL isotonic saline was instilled into the bladder and retained for 2  h. @entity1 were evaluated for BCG efficacy (recurrence with or without progression) and safety by documentation of minor and/or major side-effects. RESULTS: There were no major or severe side-effects and no treatment discontinuations. Local adverse effects occurred in 20 @entity1 , while systemic effects, in the form of @entity221 , occurred in six @entity1 (16.2%). There was recurrence in 14 @entity1 (37.8%) after 18-34  months, with disease progression ( @entity11090 ) in four (10.8%) after 6-18  months. The recurrence index was 0.39/100 @entity1 /month and the mean (range) @entity5 -free period was 30.97 (7-36) months. CONCLUSION: Low-dose BCG intravesical therapy is an effective adjuvant treatment in NMIBC. However, this needs to be validated in future studies and in comparison with other proposed doses and/or regimens.

title: Low-dose bacille Calmette-Gu  rin for non-muscle-invasive XXXX : Results of a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer', 'carcinoma of the bladder']

entities_list: @entity11090 :: ('MESH:D019042', 'Disease') :: ['muscle invasion']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity29 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity3840 inhibitor, @entity13586 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity29 @entity1 with associated @entity1897 and/or @entity625 . METHODS: @entity1 with clinically inactive to mild @entity29 and a joint @entity158 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity4841 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity1 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity13586 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity13586 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity1 (9%), @entity13586 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity344 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity29 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity1 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity4841 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity3840 inhibitor in @entity29 @entity1 with @entity1897 and/or @entity4841 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective @entity3840 inhibitor, XXXX , in @entity29 -associated peripheral @entity625 and @entity4841 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity13586 :: ('MESH:C116926', 'Chemical') :: ['rofecoxib']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal complaints']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arthropathy']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

answer: @entity13586 :: (MESH:C116926,Chemical) :: ['rofecoxib']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity29 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity3840 inhibitor, @entity13586 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity29 @entity1 with associated @entity1897 and/or @entity625 . METHODS: @entity1 with clinically inactive to mild @entity29 and a joint @entity158 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity4841 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity1 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity13586 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity13586 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity1 (9%), @entity13586 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity344 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity29 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity1 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity4841 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity3840 inhibitor in @entity29 @entity1 with @entity1897 and/or @entity4841 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective @entity3840 inhibitor, @entity13586 , in XXXX -associated peripheral @entity625 and @entity4841 .

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity29 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity3840 inhibitor, @entity13586 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity29 @entity1 with associated @entity1897 and/or @entity625 . METHODS: @entity1 with clinically inactive to mild @entity29 and a joint @entity158 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity4841 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity1 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity13586 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity13586 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity1 (9%), @entity13586 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity344 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity29 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity1 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity4841 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity3840 inhibitor in @entity29 @entity1 with @entity1897 and/or @entity4841 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective XXXX inhibitor, @entity13586 , in @entity29 -associated peripheral @entity625 and @entity4841 .

answer: @entity3840 :: (5743,Gene) :: ['cyclo-oxygenase-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity29 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity3840 inhibitor, @entity13586 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity29 @entity1 with associated @entity1897 and/or @entity625 . METHODS: @entity1 with clinically inactive to mild @entity29 and a joint @entity158 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity4841 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity1 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity13586 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity13586 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity1 (9%), @entity13586 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity344 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity29 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity1 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity4841 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity3840 inhibitor in @entity29 @entity1 with @entity1897 and/or @entity4841 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective @entity3840 inhibitor, @entity13586 , in @entity29 -associated peripheral @entity625 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4841 :: (MESH:D018771,Disease) :: ['arthralgia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity29 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity3840 inhibitor, @entity13586 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity29 @entity1 with associated @entity1897 and/or @entity625 . METHODS: @entity1 with clinically inactive to mild @entity29 and a joint @entity158 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity4841 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity1 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity13586 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity13586 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity1 (9%), @entity13586 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity344 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity29 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity1 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity4841 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity3840 inhibitor in @entity29 @entity1 with @entity1897 and/or @entity4841 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective @entity3840 inhibitor, @entity13586 , in @entity29 -associated peripheral XXXX and @entity4841 .

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3303 iontophoresis is a method of topical anesthesia in which @entity3303 is driven into the skin under the influence of electric current. OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity3303 iontophoresis to placebo for topical anesthesia before shave biopsy in adult @entity1 . METHODS: This was a single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of iontophoresis of 2% @entity3303 with 1:100,000 epinephrine in @entity1 undergoing shave biopsy. @entity1 were evaluated for sensation to pinprick after iontophoresis. After completion of the procedure, those @entity1 who did not receive supplemental @entity3303 rated the @entity158 associated with the procedure using a 10-cm visual analog scale. The investigator also evaluated the @entity1 's @entity158 after biopsy. Treatment sites were examined for evidence of adverse events such as erythema, @entity110 , or burns. RESULTS: Forty-one @entity1 undergoing shave biopsy for evaluation of @entity272 were enrolled. Nineteen of 21 @entity1 in the @entity3303 group versus 2 of 20 placebo @entity1 required no supplemental anesthesia (P<0.001). The @entity158 reported by the @entity1 on the visual analog scale subsequent to the procedure was significantly lower in the @entity3303 group (P<0.001). In concordance with the results reported by the @entity1 , investigators rated @entity158 lower in the @entity3303 group (P<0.001). Blanching and/or erythema occurring at the iontophoresis-treated site in 37 of 41 @entity1 resolved within 1 hour. There were no other treatment-related events. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3303 iontophoresis is a safe and effective method of administering topical anesthesia before shave biopsy in adult @entity1 .

title: XXXX iontophoresis for local anesthesia before shave biopsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['Lidocaine', 'lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['Lidocaine']


abstract: @entity2314 is an @entity1112 caused by a defective lysosomal enzyme, @entity10153 , and characterized by @entity272 and multiorgan involvement, including kidney, heart, and the central nervous system. Currently more than 200 genotypes have been identified, including several aberrant splicing. However, most of the mutation analyses were performed using genomic sequencing only, and therefore some of the splicing mutations were misclassified as missense mutations. In order to predict the splicing event caused by each mutation, we conducted a literature search for all published mutations located near the splice sites, including exonic point mutations, and performed a splice-site score (SSS) analysis. The literature search identified 13 donor-site mutations, including four exonic mutations ( @entity44636 , @entity72237 , @entity72238 , and @entity72239 ), located at the end of exons 1, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, six acceptor-site mutations, and one new exon creation. All mutated splice sites, except for the one associated with the new exon creation, had a lower SSS than their respective natural sites. @entity6159 or newly created sites were identified with SSS from 0.09 to 1.0. The predictions, based on SSS analysis, are in agreement with all six mutations with known cDNA sequence from the literature, including five mutations with exon skipping and one mutation with creation of a new acceptor site. For the @entity44636 genotype, we performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis using RNA isolated from the whole-blood sample. We verified that a weak @entity6159 site (SSS = 0.09) 14 @entity2036 downstream was activated and resulted in an insertion of 14 bp and a frameshift stop at codon 106. This change is more consistent with the clinical presentation of the @entity1 , the classical @entity2314 , than the @entity535 substitution ( @entity44636 ), which does not affect the enzyme function. In conclusion, the SSS analysis is very useful for predicting splicing events and genotype/phenotype correlation in @entity2314 . As different mechanisms may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing, it is important to obtain cDNA sequencing for molecular diagnosis.

title: Analysis of splice-site mutations of the XXXX gene in @entity2314 .

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked disease']

entities_list: @entity2314 :: ('MESH:D000795', 'Disease') :: ['Fabry disease']

entities_list: @entity44636 :: ('p|SUB|S|65|T', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['S65T']

entities_list: @entity10153 :: ('2717', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-galactosidase A']

answer: @entity10153 :: (2717,Gene) :: ['alpha-galactosidase A']


abstract: @entity2314 is an @entity1112 caused by a defective lysosomal enzyme, @entity10153 , and characterized by @entity272 and multiorgan involvement, including kidney, heart, and the central nervous system. Currently more than 200 genotypes have been identified, including several aberrant splicing. However, most of the mutation analyses were performed using genomic sequencing only, and therefore some of the splicing mutations were misclassified as missense mutations. In order to predict the splicing event caused by each mutation, we conducted a literature search for all published mutations located near the splice sites, including exonic point mutations, and performed a splice-site score (SSS) analysis. The literature search identified 13 donor-site mutations, including four exonic mutations ( @entity44636 , @entity72237 , @entity72238 , and @entity72239 ), located at the end of exons 1, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, six acceptor-site mutations, and one new exon creation. All mutated splice sites, except for the one associated with the new exon creation, had a lower SSS than their respective natural sites. @entity6159 or newly created sites were identified with SSS from 0.09 to 1.0. The predictions, based on SSS analysis, are in agreement with all six mutations with known cDNA sequence from the literature, including five mutations with exon skipping and one mutation with creation of a new acceptor site. For the @entity44636 genotype, we performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis using RNA isolated from the whole-blood sample. We verified that a weak @entity6159 site (SSS = 0.09) 14 @entity2036 downstream was activated and resulted in an insertion of 14 bp and a frameshift stop at codon 106. This change is more consistent with the clinical presentation of the @entity1 , the classical @entity2314 , than the @entity535 substitution ( @entity44636 ), which does not affect the enzyme function. In conclusion, the SSS analysis is very useful for predicting splicing events and genotype/phenotype correlation in @entity2314 . As different mechanisms may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing, it is important to obtain cDNA sequencing for molecular diagnosis.

title: Analysis of splice-site mutations of the @entity10153 gene in XXXX .

answer: @entity2314 :: (MESH:D000795,Disease) :: ['Fabry disease']


abstract: While there is mounting knowledge about the structure and diversity of insect neuronal nicotinic @entity934 receptors, less attention has been directed towards their intracellular regulation by @entity460 -mediated activation or inhibition of protein phosphorylation. The main goal of this work was to delineate the chain of molecular events that lead to the up- and down-regulation by two protein kinase Cs of an insect neuronal alpha-bungarotoxin-resistant nicotinic @entity934 receptor (called nAChR1). The native nicotinic @entity934 receptor intracellular regulation was studied on dissociated adult dorsal unpaired median neurons isolated from the terminal abdominal ganglion of the cockroach @entity564 using whole-cell patch-clamp technique and @entity460 imaging. We report that under 0.5 micro malpha-bungarotoxin treatment, the inward current produced by pressure ejection application of @entity1239 onto the cell body was differentially sensitive to specific protein kinase C activators and inhibitors. The @entity4621 PMA produced a @entity460 -dependent increase in current amplitude blocked by @entity668 . By contrast, the @entity2366 analogue @entity13231 produced a @entity460 -independent reduction of the nicotinic response, reversed by @entity12703 and @entity668 . This indicated that two protein kinase C isozymes ('classical' and 'novel' protein kinase C, named PKC1 and PKC2, respectively) up- and down-regulated nicotinic @entity934 receptor function. @entity4515 and @entity13231 effects were mimicked by @entity4140 -sensitive M1 muscarinic receptor subtype coupled to phospholipase C second messenger pathway. Low concentration of muscarine elevated internal @entity460 levels, which thereby activated PKC1. By contrast, a high concentration of @entity11039 strongly increased [ @entity141 ]i, which induced inhibition of PKC1. This effect was reversed by @entity1140 , suggesting the implication of PP2B which unmasked PKC2 activity mediating down-regulation of nicotinic @entity934 receptor.

title: Two distinct XXXX -sensitive and -insensitive PKC up- and down-regulate an alpha-bungarotoxin-resistant nAChR1 in insect neurosecretory cells (DUM neurons).

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity12703 :: ('MESH:C085746', 'Chemical') :: ['rottlerin']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity564 :: ('6978', 'Species') :: ['Periplaneta americana']

entities_list: @entity668 :: ('MESH:C016299', 'Chemical') :: ['chelerythrine']

entities_list: @entity4621 :: ('CHEBI:37532', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol ester']

entities_list: @entity11039 :: ('MESH:D009116', 'Chemical') :: ['muscarine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity4140 :: ('MESH:D010890', 'Chemical') :: ['pirenzepine']

entities_list: @entity13231 :: ('MESH:C044295', 'Chemical') :: ['1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether, in @entity1 , oral @entity8894 reduces @entity2704 frequency, severity, and associated features compared to placebo. BACKGROUND: There is no single, safe, widely well-tolerated, and effective prophylactic treatment for all @entity1 and adolescents with frequent @entity2704 . DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. METHODS: This study was conducted between June 1997 and January 2000 using 7 selected Northern California Kaiser Permanente sites. We recruited @entity1 of ages 3 to 17 years who reported a 4-week history of at least weekly, moderate-to-severe @entity10 with a throbbing or pulsatile quality, associated @entity448 / @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity3917 , sonophobia, or relief with sleep, but no fever or evidence of @entity281 . Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either @entity8894 (9 mg/kg per day by mouth divided 3 times a day with food) (n = 58) or matching placebo (n = 60) for 16 weeks. The number of @entity10 days (days with at least one @entity10 ) during each of eight 2-week intervals was chosen to be the primary outcome variable. RESULTS: Of those enrolled, 86 (73%) completed the study (42 received @entity8894 and 44 placebo); 74 of 192 eligible subjects declined to participate. Baseline information on demographic factors, health status, and @entity10 history was similar comparing the 2 groups. By intention-to-treat analysis, we found a statistically significant decrease over time in @entity10 frequency in the @entity8894 group (P =.0037) but not in the placebo group (P =.086), although the slopes of these 2 lines were not statistically significantly different from each other (P =.88). The group treated with @entity8894 had significantly lower @entity10 severity (P =.0029) relative to the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not unequivocally determine whether oral @entity8894 is or is not superior to placebo in preventing frequent @entity2704 in @entity1 , but treatment with the active agent did lead to a significant reduction in @entity10 days. Larger trials involving this safe, appealing complementary therapy are needed.

title: Oral XXXX prophylaxis of frequent @entity2704 in @entity1 : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity8894 :: ('MESH:D008277', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium oxide']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migrainous headache']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

answer: @entity8894 :: (MESH:D008277,Chemical) :: ['magnesium oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether, in @entity1 , oral @entity8894 reduces @entity2704 frequency, severity, and associated features compared to placebo. BACKGROUND: There is no single, safe, widely well-tolerated, and effective prophylactic treatment for all @entity1 and adolescents with frequent @entity2704 . DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. METHODS: This study was conducted between June 1997 and January 2000 using 7 selected Northern California Kaiser Permanente sites. We recruited @entity1 of ages 3 to 17 years who reported a 4-week history of at least weekly, moderate-to-severe @entity10 with a throbbing or pulsatile quality, associated @entity448 / @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity3917 , sonophobia, or relief with sleep, but no fever or evidence of @entity281 . Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either @entity8894 (9 mg/kg per day by mouth divided 3 times a day with food) (n = 58) or matching placebo (n = 60) for 16 weeks. The number of @entity10 days (days with at least one @entity10 ) during each of eight 2-week intervals was chosen to be the primary outcome variable. RESULTS: Of those enrolled, 86 (73%) completed the study (42 received @entity8894 and 44 placebo); 74 of 192 eligible subjects declined to participate. Baseline information on demographic factors, health status, and @entity10 history was similar comparing the 2 groups. By intention-to-treat analysis, we found a statistically significant decrease over time in @entity10 frequency in the @entity8894 group (P =.0037) but not in the placebo group (P =.086), although the slopes of these 2 lines were not statistically significantly different from each other (P =.88). The group treated with @entity8894 had significantly lower @entity10 severity (P =.0029) relative to the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not unequivocally determine whether oral @entity8894 is or is not superior to placebo in preventing frequent @entity2704 in @entity1 , but treatment with the active agent did lead to a significant reduction in @entity10 days. Larger trials involving this safe, appealing complementary therapy are needed.

title: Oral @entity8894 prophylaxis of frequent XXXX in @entity1 : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migrainous headache']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether, in @entity1 , oral @entity8894 reduces @entity2704 frequency, severity, and associated features compared to placebo. BACKGROUND: There is no single, safe, widely well-tolerated, and effective prophylactic treatment for all @entity1 and adolescents with frequent @entity2704 . DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. METHODS: This study was conducted between June 1997 and January 2000 using 7 selected Northern California Kaiser Permanente sites. We recruited @entity1 of ages 3 to 17 years who reported a 4-week history of at least weekly, moderate-to-severe @entity10 with a throbbing or pulsatile quality, associated @entity448 / @entity390 , @entity391 , @entity3917 , sonophobia, or relief with sleep, but no fever or evidence of @entity281 . Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either @entity8894 (9 mg/kg per day by mouth divided 3 times a day with food) (n = 58) or matching placebo (n = 60) for 16 weeks. The number of @entity10 days (days with at least one @entity10 ) during each of eight 2-week intervals was chosen to be the primary outcome variable. RESULTS: Of those enrolled, 86 (73%) completed the study (42 received @entity8894 and 44 placebo); 74 of 192 eligible subjects declined to participate. Baseline information on demographic factors, health status, and @entity10 history was similar comparing the 2 groups. By intention-to-treat analysis, we found a statistically significant decrease over time in @entity10 frequency in the @entity8894 group (P =.0037) but not in the placebo group (P =.086), although the slopes of these 2 lines were not statistically significantly different from each other (P =.88). The group treated with @entity8894 had significantly lower @entity10 severity (P =.0029) relative to the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not unequivocally determine whether oral @entity8894 is or is not superior to placebo in preventing frequent @entity2704 in @entity1 , but treatment with the active agent did lead to a significant reduction in @entity10 days. Larger trials involving this safe, appealing complementary therapy are needed.

title: Oral @entity8894 prophylaxis of frequent @entity2704 in XXXX : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: @entity158 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity320 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity957 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity158 @entity38927 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity4891 in relation to the development of @entity957 and @entity1491 , and on the development of @entity8205 and @entity7174 in relation to the development of @entity320 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity1489 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity4891 , @entity8205 , and @entity7174 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity158 @entity38927 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity1491 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity1489 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity158 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity320 and the development of its precursors, @entity8205 and @entity7174 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity320 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity957 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity1491 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity320 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity8205 or @entity7174 . Neither @entity158 @entity38927 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity4891 .

title: The influence of @entity158 @entity38927 and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, @entity4891 , @entity8205 , XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4891 :: ('MESH:D014860', 'Disease') :: ['seborrheic warts']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['nonmelanoma skin cancer', 'skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity8205 :: ('MESH:D009508', 'Disease') :: ['melanocytic nevi']

entities_list: @entity7174 :: ('MESH:D009506', 'Disease') :: ['atypical nevi']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful', 'Painful sunburns']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanoma']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['nodular basal cell carcinoma', 'basal cell carcinoma', 'multifocal superficial basal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['atypical nevi, and skin cancer']


abstract: @entity158 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity320 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity957 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity158 @entity38927 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity4891 in relation to the development of @entity957 and @entity1491 , and on the development of @entity8205 and @entity7174 in relation to the development of @entity320 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity1489 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity4891 , @entity8205 , and @entity7174 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity158 @entity38927 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity1491 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity1489 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity158 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity320 and the development of its precursors, @entity8205 and @entity7174 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity320 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity957 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity1491 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity320 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity8205 or @entity7174 . Neither @entity158 @entity38927 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity4891 .

title: The influence of @entity158 XXXX and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, @entity4891 , @entity8205 , @entity1489 .

answer: @entity38927 :: (MESH:D013471,Disease) :: ['sunburns']


abstract: @entity158 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity320 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity957 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity158 @entity38927 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity4891 in relation to the development of @entity957 and @entity1491 , and on the development of @entity8205 and @entity7174 in relation to the development of @entity320 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity1489 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity4891 , @entity8205 , and @entity7174 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity158 @entity38927 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity1491 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity1489 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity158 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity320 and the development of its precursors, @entity8205 and @entity7174 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity320 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity957 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity1491 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity320 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity8205 or @entity7174 . Neither @entity158 @entity38927 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity4891 .

title: The influence of @entity158 @entity38927 and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, XXXX , @entity8205 , @entity1489 .

answer: @entity4891 :: (MESH:D014860,Disease) :: ['seborrheic warts']


abstract: @entity158 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity320 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity957 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity158 @entity38927 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity4891 in relation to the development of @entity957 and @entity1491 , and on the development of @entity8205 and @entity7174 in relation to the development of @entity320 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity1489 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity4891 , @entity8205 , and @entity7174 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity158 @entity38927 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity1491 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity1489 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity158 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity320 and the development of its precursors, @entity8205 and @entity7174 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity320 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity957 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity1491 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity320 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity8205 or @entity7174 . Neither @entity158 @entity38927 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity4891 .

title: The influence of @entity158 @entity38927 and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, @entity4891 , XXXX , @entity1489 .

answer: @entity8205 :: (MESH:D009508,Disease) :: ['melanocytic nevi']


abstract: @entity158 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity320 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity957 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity158 @entity38927 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity4891 in relation to the development of @entity957 and @entity1491 , and on the development of @entity8205 and @entity7174 in relation to the development of @entity320 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity1489 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity4891 , @entity8205 , and @entity7174 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity158 @entity38927 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity957 , @entity1491 , and @entity1491 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity1489 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity158 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity320 and the development of its precursors, @entity8205 and @entity7174 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity320 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity957 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity1491 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity320 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity8205 or @entity7174 . Neither @entity158 @entity38927 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity4891 .

title: The influence of XXXX @entity38927 and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, @entity4891 , @entity8205 , @entity1489 .

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['painful']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the evidence of effectiveness of surgical vs. non-surgical therapy for the treatment of @entity7278 . METHODS: A search was conducted for randomized controlled trials of at least 12 months duration comparing surgical with non-surgical treatment of @entity7278 . Data sources included the National Library of Medicine computerised bibliographic database MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Oral Health Group (COHG) Specialist Trials Register. Screening, data abstraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by multiple reviewers (L.H., F.H., L.T.). The primary outcome measures evaluated were gain in clinical attachment level (CAL) and reduction in @entity5951 ( @entity5951 ). RESULTS: The search provided 589 abstracts of which six randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis evaluation of these studies indicated that 12 months following treatment, surgical therapy resulted in 0.6 mm more @entity5951 reduction (WMD 0.58 mm; 95% CI 0.38, 0.79) and 0.2 mm more @entity922 (WMD 0.19 mm; 95% CI 0.04, 0.35) than non-surgical therapy in deep pockets (>6 mm). In 4-6 mm pockets scaling and root planing resulted in 0.4 mm more @entity1017 (WMD -0.37 mm; 95% CI -0.49, -0.26) and 0.4 mm less probing depth reduction (WMD 0.35 mm; 95% CI 0.23, 0.47) than surgical therapy. In shallow pockets (1-3 mm) non-surgical therapy resulted in 0.5 mm less @entity6730 (WMD -0.51 mm; 95% CI -0.74, -0.29) than surgical therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Both scaling and root planing alone and scaling and root planing combined with flap procedure are effective methods for the treatment of @entity7278 in terms of attachment level gain and reduction in @entity32 . In the treatment of deep pockets open flap debridement results in greater @entity922 .

title: A systematic review of the effect of surgical debridement vs non-surgical debridement for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['gingival inflammation']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontal disease', 'chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['attachment gain']

entities_list: @entity5951 :: ('MESH:D005888', 'Disease') :: ['PPD', 'probing pocket depth']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['PPD reduction and clinical attachment gain', 'CAL gain']

answer: @entity7278 :: (MESH:D055113,Disease) :: ['chronic periodontitis']


abstract: This study used epidemiologic methods to examine @entity393 in the elderly. The Framingham Heart Study Cohort was the reference population. The @entity1 were 935 @entity1 and 1358 @entity1 , aged 57 to 89 years. Using a conservative definition of @entity393 as threshold levels greater than 20 dB above audiometric zero for at least one frequency from 0.5 to 4 kHz, the prevalence was estimated to be 83%. The majority of cases displayed a @entity1274 . There were no statistically significant differences by sex at 1 kHz and below. @entity1 had significantly better hearing than @entity1 at 2 kHz and above. A multivariate model was constructed to determine which variables had a significant impact upon @entity393 . Under the model, age, sex, illness, family history of @entity393 , @entity9303 , and noise exposure were significant population risk factors. Age was by far the most critical risk factor.

title: XXXX in the elderly: an epidemiologic study of the Framingham Heart Study Cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity9303 :: ('MESH:D008575', 'Disease') :: ["Meniere's disease"]

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['Hearing loss']


abstract: Many @entity299 can cause @entity810 . The spectrum of potentially embolic cardiac conditions is wide; early recognition may determine a definite change in the management and prognosis of @entity1 . In recent years the relevance of echocardiography in the screening of @entity1 with @entity2806 has been emphasized. In order to identify potentially embolic cardiac conditions, 180 consecutive non selected @entity1 with @entity1504 , underwent a clinical cardiological evaluation and an echocardiogram. The study population included 132 @entity1 and 48 @entity1 ; the mean age was 51.7 years (range 19 to 72 years). A technically adequate echocardiogram was obtained in 153 @entity1 . In 131 @entity1 echocardiography was negative; @entity299 were detected in 22 @entity1 (14.4%): mitral stenosis in 2, calcified @entity472 in 1, @entity340 vegetations in 3, dilatative @entity296 in 2, @entity1121 in 4, @entity3454 in 4, regional left @entity67 in 5, mitral anulus calcification in 1. @entity1 were divided into 3 groups according to the results of cerebral angiography: 68 @entity1 with normal angiography (Group I), 54 @entity1 with @entity75 on cerebral angiography (Group II), 31 @entity1 in whom cerebral angiography was not performed (Group III). A higher incidence of @entity299 was found in the @entity1 of Group I. The lack of lesions on cerebral angiography and the presence of embolic high-risk cardiac conditions strengthened a causal relationship of the @entity299 with @entity1504 in 10 of the 23 @entity1 . In the mean follow-up period of 18 months of these 10 @entity1 who underwent cardiac surgery or anticoagulation, no further attacks of @entity1504 were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Cardiopathy and XXXX . Prospective study with two-dimensional echocardiography].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular diskynesia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['atheromasic lesions']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3454 :: ('MESH:D008945', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve prolapse']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute cerebrovascular insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac lesions', 'cardiac disorders', 'cardiac diseases', 'cardiac disorder']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute cerebrovascular insufficiency']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although the expression levels of total @entity26243 -binding proteins (GNBPs) were up-regulated significantly in @entity1 hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activated with transforming growth factor-b1( @entity2533 ), yet little is known about the precise types, distribution and sub-cellular localization of the GNBPs in HSCs. Here, 264 GNBPs from the activated HSCs and 257 GNBPs from the quiescent HSCs were identified and annotated. A total of 46 GNBPs were estimated to be significantly up-regulated and 40 GNBPs were estimated to be significantly down-regulated in the activated HSCs. For example, the GNBPs (i.e. @entity52108 , @entity38806 , and @entity40329 ) responsible for the regulation of protein binding were up-regulated, and those (i.e. @entity72240 , @entity68187 , and @entity20176 ) responsible for the regulation of protein binding were down-regulated in the activated HSCs. The motifs of the isolated GNBPs showed that @entity1521 residue had the maximum preference in consensus sequences. The western blotting showed the expression levels of @entity38806 , and @entity32656 were significantly up-regulated, while, the expression level of CLIC1(B5) was down-regulated in the activated HSCs and liver @entity82 tissues. Moreover, the GNBPs were sub-localized in the Golgi apparatus of HSCs. In conclusion, the precision alteration of the GNBPs referred to pathological changes in liver @entity82 / @entity82 may provide useful information to find new molecular mechanism of HSC activation and discover the biomarkers for diagnosis of liver @entity82 / @entity82 as well as development of new anti-fibrotic strategies.

title: Characterization and Sub-cellular Localization of XXXX -Binding Proteins Isolated from @entity1 Hepatic Stellate Cells.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['Proline']

answer: @entity26243 :: (CHEBI:28037,Chemical) :: ['GalNAc']