abstract: Marijuana, or @entity835 , is one of the most commonly used illicit drugs worldwide. Although there are some case reports of @entity64 associated with @entity835 use, there is no information on a causal role of @entity835 in @entity64 . We identified 14 @entity1 admitted to St Louis University Hospital between January 2004 and July 2007 with @entity385 who had documented clear exposure to @entity835 during or before symptom onset and a positive urine screen for @entity835 . We report this series, along with 3 cases previously reported by our group, for a total of 17 @entity1 (13 @entity1 and 4 @entity1 ), with a mean age of 41 years (range, 15-63 years). Nine @entity1 were under age 45 years, 4 had a history of @entity101 , and 10 sustained @entity64 in the posterior circulation. @entity10 , @entity4653 , and @entity2055 were the most common presenting symptoms. Five @entity1 had recurrent @entity64 with reexposure to @entity835 . No @entity1 had a prothrombotic state or cardiac source of @entity887 . Autopsy performed in 2 @entity1 revealed @entity385 with no evidence of @entity1333 or @entity887 . The absence of other vascular risk factors in most of our @entity1 , the temporal relation of symptom onset to @entity835 exposure, and the recurrence of symptoms in a few @entity1 with reexposure suggest a causal role of @entity835 in these cases of @entity385 . However, this causal association cannot be definitely ascertained, given the descriptive nature of our series. More research is needed to explore this possible causal association.

title: Cannabis-related XXXX : case series and review of literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolus', 'embolism']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Headache']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'hemorrhagic infarct']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: Between November 2001  and January 2008, 56  @entity1 (68  hands) out of 110  @entity1 operated for @entity1847 , presented with @entity508 of the intrinsic muscles of the long fingers (interosseii and the abductor pollicis brevis). All @entity1 were adults (mean age 42.1  years). The surgical indication was discussed during multidisciplinary consultations with selective nerve blocks enabling us to distinguish between extrinsic and intrinsic pathologies on the one hand and muscular @entity508 and tendon retractions on the other hand. The aim of the treatment was defined in a "contract" signed with the @entity1 and/or his family. It was @entity10281 , aesthetic and analgesic in 15  cases, @entity10281 and analgesic in 32  cases and functional in 21  cases. Four hands were treated by neurectomy of the ulnar nerve's motor ramus, 54  by tenotomies of the interosseous muscles, 18  by tenotomy of the abductor digiti minimi, six by metacarpal disinsertion of the interosseous muscles. On a total of 67  hands operated associating surgery of the extrinsic and intrinsic flexors, 63  had good primary results as defined in the contract. We noted four relapses, two of which required revision. The authors emphasize the frequency of mixed @entity508 in adults after @entity306 . However modest the functional results may be, correction of @entity10281 and @entity158 problems of non-functional hands as well as aesthetic improvements make surgery of the mixed @entity508 hand a successful intervention, which should be shared.

title: [Surgical management of XXXX of the intrinsic muscles of the long fingers in adults after @entity306 , 68 operated hands].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity', 'spastic hands', 'spastic']

entities_list: @entity1847 :: ('MESH:D006226', 'Disease') :: ['spastic hand deformities']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity508 :: (MESH:D009128,Disease) :: ['spasticity']


abstract: Between November 2001  and January 2008, 56  @entity1 (68  hands) out of 110  @entity1 operated for @entity1847 , presented with @entity508 of the intrinsic muscles of the long fingers (interosseii and the abductor pollicis brevis). All @entity1 were adults (mean age 42.1  years). The surgical indication was discussed during multidisciplinary consultations with selective nerve blocks enabling us to distinguish between extrinsic and intrinsic pathologies on the one hand and muscular @entity508 and tendon retractions on the other hand. The aim of the treatment was defined in a "contract" signed with the @entity1 and/or his family. It was @entity10281 , aesthetic and analgesic in 15  cases, @entity10281 and analgesic in 32  cases and functional in 21  cases. Four hands were treated by neurectomy of the ulnar nerve's motor ramus, 54  by tenotomies of the interosseous muscles, 18  by tenotomy of the abductor digiti minimi, six by metacarpal disinsertion of the interosseous muscles. On a total of 67  hands operated associating surgery of the extrinsic and intrinsic flexors, 63  had good primary results as defined in the contract. We noted four relapses, two of which required revision. The authors emphasize the frequency of mixed @entity508 in adults after @entity306 . However modest the functional results may be, correction of @entity10281 and @entity158 problems of non-functional hands as well as aesthetic improvements make surgery of the mixed @entity508 hand a successful intervention, which should be shared.

title: [Surgical management of @entity508 of the intrinsic muscles of the long fingers in adults after XXXX , 68 operated hands].

answer: @entity306 :: (MESH:D002547,Disease) :: ['cerebral palsy']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence, risk factors, and gender differences in symptoms related to @entity27 . A secondary objective was to study gender differences in relation to referral to a sleep clinic for sleep investigations. DESIGN AND SETTING: A questionnaire study in a representative sample of the general population. A second cohort included @entity1 referred for @entity387 investigation between 1991 and 2000 in the same geographic region. @entity1 : A representative sample of 5,424 subjects aged 20 to 69 years living in northern Sweden. Responses were obtained from 4,648 subjects (85.7%). RESULTS: Of the male respondents, 17.9% stated that snoring was a problem or said that they had relatives who were concerned about witnessed @entity387 , and of the female respondents, 7.4%. The prevalence of snoring and witnessed @entity386 increased with age. In @entity1 , there was a peak prevalence rate at 55 to 59 years of age, while the corresponding figure in @entity1 the peak prevalence rate was at 60 to 64 years of age. Having snoring as a problem and relatives who were concerned about witnessed @entity387 were independently associated with male gender, age, and current smoking. Snoring as a problem also was associated with higher education. @entity1 who snored reported significantly more @entity25 than did @entity1 who snored. The estimated number of subjects aged 20 to 69 years who had snoring as a problem or had relatives who were concerned about witnessed @entity387 in the population was 21,160. During the previous decade, 3,955 subjects had been referred to sleep laboratories, so < 20% of the estimated number of symptomatic subjects in the population had been referred during this 10-year period. The referral rate ratio for @entity1 / @entity1 after correction for population and prevalence of symptoms was 1.25:1 (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION: Experiencing snoring as a problem or having relatives who are concerned about witnessed @entity387 are common findings in the population. However, during the last decade, only about 20% of the subjects with snoring as a problem or with relatives who are concerned about witnessed @entity387 were referred to sleep laboratories. @entity1 were significantly underrepresented in sleep laboratory referrals, even though @entity1 who snored experienced more subjective @entity25 than @entity1 .

title: Gender differences in symptoms related to XXXX in a general population and in relation to referral to sleep clinic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime sleepiness']

answer: @entity387 :: (MESH:D012891,Disease) :: ['sleep apnea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Antibiotic use, particularly type and duration, is a crucial modifiable risk factor for @entity2718 . Cardiac surgery is of particular interest because prophylactic antibiotics are recommended for 48  hours or less (vs   <=24  hours for noncardiac surgery), with increasing @entity2176 use. We aimed to study associations between antibiotic prophylaxis (duration/ @entity2176 use) and @entity2718 among @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: We extracted data on coronary artery bypass grafting procedures from the national Premier Perspective claims database (2006-2013, n  =  154,200, 233 hospitals). Multilevel multivariable logistic regressions measured associations between (1) duration (<2  days, "standard" vs >= 2  days, "extended") and (2)  type of antibiotic used (" @entity8509 ," " @entity8509  +  @entity2176 ," " @entity2176 ") and @entity2718 as outcome. RESULTS: Overall @entity2718 prevalence was 0.21% (n  =  329). Most @entity1 (59.7%) received a @entity8509 only; in 33.1% @entity2176 was added, whereas 7.2% received @entity2176 only. Extended prophylaxis was used in 20.9%. In adjusted analyses, extended prophylaxis (vs standard) was associated with significantly increased @entity2718 risk (odds ratio, 1.43; confidence interval, 1.07-1.92), whereas no significant associations existed for @entity2176 use as adjuvant or primary prophylactic compared with the use of @entity2886 (odds ratio, 1.21; confidence interval, 0.92-1.60, and odds ratio, 1.39; confidence interval, 0.94-2.05, respectively). Substantial inter-hospital variation exists in the percentage of extended antibiotic prophylaxis (interquartile range, 2.5-35.7), use of adjuvant @entity2176 (interquartile range, 4.2-61.1), and @entity2176 alone (interquartile range, 2.3-10.4). CONCLUSIONS: Although extended use of antibiotic prophylaxis was associated with increased @entity2718 risk after coronary artery bypass grafting, @entity2176 use was not. The observed hospital variation in antibiotic prophylaxis practices suggests great potential for efforts aimed at standardizing practices that subsequently could reduce @entity2718 risk.

title: Antibiotic prophylaxis and risk of XXXX infection after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity2886 :: ('MESH:D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporins']

entities_list: @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['C. difficile', 'Clostridium difficile']

entities_list: @entity8509 :: ('D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin']

answer: @entity2718 :: (1496,Species) :: ['Clostridium difficile']


abstract: When telomeres are shortened to a critical length, they will initiate @entity1344 ( @entity1344 ) and may finally cause tumorigenesis. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the shortened telomere as a potential biomarker for tumorigenesis in @entity356 . The telomeres in matched @entity5 and adjacent noncancer mucosa samples from 86 @entity356 @entity1 were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). According to the International Union Against @entity5 (UICC), @entity5 stages were classified into four groups: stage I (n = 23), stage II (n = 20), stage III (n = 23), and stage IV (n = 20). Telomere length decreased with aging in both adjacent noncancer mucosa and @entity5 tissue (r = -0.261 (P = 0.008) and r = -0.27 (P = 0.012), respectively). The telomere length of UICC stage I @entity5 was significantly shorter than the average telomere length in adjacent noncancer mucosa (P = 0.023). Telomere length increased gradually with increasing UICC stage (P = 0.032). The telomere length of UICC stage IV @entity5 was significantly longer, when compared to that in noncancer mucosa (P = 0.019) and stage I @entity5 (P = 0.002). In summary, telomere length undergoes @entity3207 in early stage @entity356 and lengthening in advanced @entity356 . Additionally, telomere @entity3207 may initiate the tumorigenesis of @entity356 .

title: Telomere XXXX occurs early during gastrocarcinogenesis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal instability', 'CIN']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity3207 :: (MESH:C535850,Disease) :: ['shortening']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study sought to know the opinions of general surgeons registered in the state of Connecticut about their use of laparoscopic lysis of adhesions ( @entity10634 ) to manage adhesive @entity1744 ( @entity1744 ) compared with open lysis of adhesions (OLA) in terms of safety, contraindications, and outcomes. METHODS: A questionnaire was designed to gather the opinions of general surgeons registered in Connecticut on this topic. The questionnaire was administered electronically and through the mail. RESULTS: Of the 205 general surgeons to whom the questionnaire was sent, 87 completed it (42% response). The respondents were evenly distributed throughout Connecticut. Of these respondents, 9% were university teaching hospital faculty, 55% were community teaching hospital based, and 36% were community nonteaching hospital based. The answers to the questions were expressed as percentages and differences between groups tested using Fisher's exact test, with the significance level set at a P value less than 0.05. According to their self-reports, 60% of the respondents used @entity10634 in their practice, with 38% of this group using @entity10634 for less than 15% of their adhesive @entity1744 cases. Compared with surgeons out of training less than 15 years, a greater number of surgeons out of training more than 15 years considered @entity10634 to be safer (P = 0.03) and to have better outcomes (P = 0.04) than OLA. More surgeons in academic/teaching settings considered @entity10634 to be safe than did surgeons in nonacademic/nonteaching settings (P = 0.04), and more members of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES)/Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons (SLS) considered @entity10634 to be safe than nonmembers (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Many surgeons do not perform @entity10634 for reasons that differ from those in the surgical literature, which supports @entity10634 . Surgeons recently trained or with membership in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) societies are more likely to use @entity10634 . These data suggest that recent training and interest or membership in MIS associations influence surgeons' choice for @entity10634 . This survey demonstrated that an opportunity exists to improve @entity1 outcomes with education about the merits of @entity10634 in the state of Connecticut.

title: Survey of opinions on operative management of adhesive XXXX : laparoscopy versus laparotomy in the state of Connecticut.

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['SBO', 'small bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['small bowel obstruction']


abstract: Municipal wastewater treatment plants play a vital role in reducing the microbial load of sewage before the end-products are discharged to surface waters (final effluent) or local environments (biosolids). This study was to investigate the presence of @entity1 -virulent microsporidian spores ( @entity16254 , @entity26961 , and @entity26961 hellem) and enterococci during treatment processes at four Irish municipal secondary wastewater treatment plants (plants A-D). Microsporidian abundance was significantly related to seasonal increase in water temperature. Plant A had the least efficient removal of @entity26961 spores (32%) in wastewater, with almost 100% removal at other plants both in April and July. Some negative removal efficiencies were obtained for @entity16254 (at plants C and D, -100%) and for E. hellem (at plants A and D, -90% and -50%). In addition, a positive correlation was found between the levels of enterococci and @entity16254 in July (r (s)   =   0.72, P   <   0.05). In terms of the dewatered biosolids, a median concentration as high as 32,000 spores/Kg of E. hellem was observed at plant D in July. Plant C sewage sludge contained the lowest microsporidian loadings ( @entity16254 ; 450 spores/L and 1,000 spores/L in April and July, respectively). This study highlights the seasonal variation in concentrations of microsporidian spores in the incoming sewage. Spores in final effluents and dewatered biosolids can be the source of @entity1 -virulent microsporidian contamination to the local environment. This emphasizes a considerably high public health risk when sewage-derived biosolids are spread during summer months. This study also suggested enterococci as a potential indicator of the presence of microsporidian spores in wastewater, especially for @entity16254 .

title: Municipal wastewater treatment plants as removal systems and environmental sources of XXXX -virulent microsporidian spores.

entities_list: @entity26961 :: ('58839', 'Species') :: ['Encephalitozoon', 'E. intestinalis', 'Encephalitozoon intestinalis']

entities_list: @entity16254 :: ('31281', 'Species') :: ['E. bieneusi', 'Enterocytozoon bieneusi']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a hysteroscopic local anesthetic intrauterine @entity616 (ICOB) on @entity158 experienced during office endometrial ablation (EA) in addition to a traditional direct local anesthetic cervical block (DCB). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: University teaching hospital. @entity1 (S): @entity1 with heavy @entity548 scheduled for an office endometrial ablation. INTERVENTION(S): Before office EA, DCB plus hysteroscopic ICOB just medial to each tubal ostium using local anesthetic mixture made up of 1  mL 3% @entity10541 plus 1  mL 0.5% @entity1341 versus control group receiving DBC plus ICOB with 2  mL of placebo (saline). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Primary outcome: @entity158 reported during procedure via visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 10; secondary outcomes: @entity282 , rescue analgesic requirement, and duration of hospital stay. RESULT(S): Most characteristics were similar across groups. The mean VAS score during the procedure was statistically significantly lower by 1.44 (95% confidence interval, -2.65 to -0.21) in the active group compared with the placebo group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the postprocedural mean VAS scores, rescue analgesic requirement, or duration of hospital stay. CONCLUSION(S): Used in addition to DCB, ICOB reduces the @entity158 experienced during office EA compared with DCB alone. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01808898.

title: Hysteroscopic local anesthetic intrauterine XXXX in office endometrial ablation: a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Women', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual bleeding']

entities_list: @entity10541 :: ('MESH:D008619', 'Chemical') :: ['mepivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['cornual block']

answer: @entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['cornual block']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1743 ( @entity1743 ) is a significant cause of disability in young adults. Hip arthroscopic surgery restores bony congruence and improves function in the majority of @entity1 , but recent evidence indicates that @entity1 may experience worse pre- and postoperative function than @entity1 . PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to identify whether self-reported hip function differed between @entity1 and @entity1 with symptomatic @entity1743 . The hypothesis was that mean self-reported hip function scores would improve after arthroscopic surgery but that @entity1 would report poorer function than @entity1 both before and up to 2 years after arthroscopic surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: A total of 229 @entity1 (68.4% @entity1 ; mean [  SD] age, 31.6    10.8 years; mean [  SD] body mass index, 26.8    11.9 kg/m(2)) underwent hip arthroscopic surgery for unilateral symptomatic @entity1743 . All eligible and consenting @entity1 with radiologically and clinically confirmed @entity1743 completed the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-33) and the Hip Outcome Score activities of daily living subscale (HOS-ADL) before hip arthroscopic surgery and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after arthroscopic surgery. A linear mixed model for repeated measures was used to test for differences in self-reported hip function between @entity1 and @entity1 over the study period (P  <= .05). RESULTS: There were no significant time * sex interactions for either the HOS-ADL (P = .12) or iHOT-33 (P = .64), but both measures showed significant improvements between the preoperative time point and each of the 4 follow-up points (P < .0001); however, self-reported hip function did not improve between 6 and 24 months after arthroscopic surgery (P >=  .11). Post hoc independent t tests indicated that @entity1 reported poorer hip function than did @entity1 before surgery (P  <= .003) both on the HOS-ADL (mean    standard error of the mean [SEM], 67.4    1.9 [ @entity1 ] vs 60.5    1.3 [ @entity1 ]) and iHOT-33 (mean    SEM, 38.0    1.9 [ @entity1 ] vs 30.9    1.3 [ @entity1 ]); scores were not different between sexes at any other time point. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate improvements in self-reported hip function in @entity1 with @entity1743 , regardless of sex, until 6 months after hip arthroscopic surgery. Although @entity1 reported poorer preoperative function than did @entity1 , the differences were not significant 2 years after surgery.

title: Sex Differences in Self-Reported Hip Function Up to 2 Years After Arthroscopic Surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1743 :: ('MESH:D057925', 'Disease') :: ['Femoroacetabular impingement', 'FAI']

answer: @entity1743 :: (MESH:D057925,Disease) :: ['Femoroacetabular Impingement']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with intussusception require rapid and accurate diagnosis to enable timely intervention for satisfactory outcome. Ultrasonography is the recommended standard diagnostic modality; however, @entity1661 ( @entity1661 ) is still used as an initial investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the benefit of @entity1661 in intussusception by determining diagnostic accuracy and analysing correlation of @entity1661 findings with outcome. METHODS: Index cases of intussusception presenting over 15  years (1998-2013) were analysed. Those who had @entity1661 performed were allocated into groups with positive or normal findings. Outcome of @entity3473 ( @entity3473 ) between these groups was compared. RESULTS: Six hundred and forty-four cases of intussusception treated with @entity3473 were identified, 412 (64  %) had @entity1661 performed and 232 (36  %) did not. 303 (74  %) radiographs had positive findings and 109 (26  %) were normal. The success rate of @entity3473 did not differ between @entity1661 positive (82  %) and @entity1661 normal (84  %). @entity516 was not detected in any @entity1 by @entity1661 in our cohort. CONCLUSION: @entity1661 is not recommended for the diagnosis of intussusception in @entity1 , for the prediction of the outcome of @entity3473 or for the detection of occult @entity516 . @entity1661 should always be performed when clinical peritonism is present but is not otherwise necessary in @entity1 with suspected or confirmed intussusception.

title: Abdominal radiography is not necessary in XXXX with intussusception.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3473 :: ('MESH:D007443', 'Disease') :: ['pneumatic reduction of intussusception', 'PRI']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['AR', 'abdominal radiography']

entities_list: @entity516 :: ('MESH:D011027', 'Disease') :: ['Occult pneumoperitoneum', 'pneumoperitoneum']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Arrhythmogenic right @entity296 / @entity1141 (ARVC/D) is a predominantly genetically determined and heritable form of @entity296 that is characterized pathologically by the replacement of myocytes by adipose and fibrous tissue and leads to @entity67 , @entity943 , and @entity1164 . The estimated prevalence of ARVC/D in the general population ranges from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 5,000, @entity1 are more frequently affected than @entity1 , with an approximate ratio of 3:1. ARVC/D can be inherited as an @entity74 with reduced penetrance and variable expression, autosomal recessive inheritance is also described. There have been 12 genes identified which are linked to ARVC/D, encoding several components of the cardiac desmosome. Dysfunctional desmosomes resulting in defective cell adhesion proteins, such as plakoglobin ( @entity23661 ), @entity710 (DSP), @entity14106 ( @entity14106 ), and @entity8259 ( @entity8259 ) consequently cause loss of electrical coupling between cardiac myocytes, leading to myocyte cell death, fibrofatty replacement and @entity943 . Diagnosis is based on the finding a combination of characteristic abnormalities in family history, electrocardiography, cardiac imaging as well as endomyocardial biopsy (original task force criteria). Therapeutic options remain limited because of the progressive nature of ARVC/D. Competitive athletics should be avoided. @entity1 with ARVC/D with a history of having been resuscitated from @entity1164 , @entity1 with @entity1163 , very young @entity1 , and those who have marked right ventricular involvement are at the highest risk for @entity204 and also, the presence of left ventricular involvement is a risk factor. Several authors concluded that @entity1 who meet the Task Force criteria for ARVC/D are at high risk for @entity1164 and should undergo ICD placement for primary and secondary prevention, regardless of electrophysiologic testing results. The role of electrophysiologic study and VT catheter ablation in ARVC/D remains poorly defined, and is frequently used as a palliative measure for @entity1 with refractory VT. The progressive nature of ARVC/D suggests that catheter ablation would not be a long-term curative procedure. @entity2778 proved to be highly effective in @entity1 with ARVC/D and inducible as well as non-inducible @entity1165 ; if it is ineffective in inducible @entity1165 response to other antiarrhythmic drugs is unlikely and therefore non-pharmacological therapy without further drug testing should be considered. Orthotopic heart transplantation is considered in @entity1 with progressive @entity712 and intractable recurrent @entity943 .

title: Arrhythmogenic right XXXX / @entity1141 : a review and update.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular cardiomyopathy', 'cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disease']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular failure']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmic death']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['ventricular cardiomyopathy']


abstract: Arrhythmogenic right @entity296 / @entity1141 (ARVC/D) is a predominantly genetically determined and heritable form of @entity296 that is characterized pathologically by the replacement of myocytes by adipose and fibrous tissue and leads to @entity67 , @entity943 , and @entity1164 . The estimated prevalence of ARVC/D in the general population ranges from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 5,000, @entity1 are more frequently affected than @entity1 , with an approximate ratio of 3:1. ARVC/D can be inherited as an @entity74 with reduced penetrance and variable expression, autosomal recessive inheritance is also described. There have been 12 genes identified which are linked to ARVC/D, encoding several components of the cardiac desmosome. Dysfunctional desmosomes resulting in defective cell adhesion proteins, such as plakoglobin ( @entity23661 ), @entity710 (DSP), @entity14106 ( @entity14106 ), and @entity8259 ( @entity8259 ) consequently cause loss of electrical coupling between cardiac myocytes, leading to myocyte cell death, fibrofatty replacement and @entity943 . Diagnosis is based on the finding a combination of characteristic abnormalities in family history, electrocardiography, cardiac imaging as well as endomyocardial biopsy (original task force criteria). Therapeutic options remain limited because of the progressive nature of ARVC/D. Competitive athletics should be avoided. @entity1 with ARVC/D with a history of having been resuscitated from @entity1164 , @entity1 with @entity1163 , very young @entity1 , and those who have marked right ventricular involvement are at the highest risk for @entity204 and also, the presence of left ventricular involvement is a risk factor. Several authors concluded that @entity1 who meet the Task Force criteria for ARVC/D are at high risk for @entity1164 and should undergo ICD placement for primary and secondary prevention, regardless of electrophysiologic testing results. The role of electrophysiologic study and VT catheter ablation in ARVC/D remains poorly defined, and is frequently used as a palliative measure for @entity1 with refractory VT. The progressive nature of ARVC/D suggests that catheter ablation would not be a long-term curative procedure. @entity2778 proved to be highly effective in @entity1 with ARVC/D and inducible as well as non-inducible @entity1165 ; if it is ineffective in inducible @entity1165 response to other antiarrhythmic drugs is unlikely and therefore non-pharmacological therapy without further drug testing should be considered. Orthotopic heart transplantation is considered in @entity1 with progressive @entity712 and intractable recurrent @entity943 .

title: Arrhythmogenic right @entity296 / XXXX : a review and update.

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['dysplasia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity901 ( @entity15114 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity14 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity15114 evokes mechanical and cold @entity56 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) as well as @entity3115 ( @entity3115 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity9 . But it is still unclear whether @entity1996 or @entity3115 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity15114 -induced @entity56 , as well as the linkage between @entity1996 and @entity3115 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity15114 -induced @entity56 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity12698 , an inhibitor of @entity1996 , on the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . We found that @entity15114 increased the expression of @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) and @entity3242 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity12698 alleviates the @entity15114 -induced @entity56 and suppresses the @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . In addition, @entity12698 enhanced the @entity15114 -induced mortality of the @entity1 @entity694 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity12698 might play a dual role in @entity14 treatment: alleviating @entity15114 -induced @entity9 and facilitating the anti- @entity5 effects of @entity15114 through their synergistic role.

title: @entity12698 reverts @entity901 -induced XXXX through inhibiting @entity3115 / @entity3242 pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity9 :: (MESH:D009437,Disease) :: ['neuropathic pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity901 ( @entity15114 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity14 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity15114 evokes mechanical and cold @entity56 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) as well as @entity3115 ( @entity3115 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity9 . But it is still unclear whether @entity1996 or @entity3115 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity15114 -induced @entity56 , as well as the linkage between @entity1996 and @entity3115 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity15114 -induced @entity56 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity12698 , an inhibitor of @entity1996 , on the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . We found that @entity15114 increased the expression of @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) and @entity3242 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity12698 alleviates the @entity15114 -induced @entity56 and suppresses the @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . In addition, @entity12698 enhanced the @entity15114 -induced mortality of the @entity1 @entity694 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity12698 might play a dual role in @entity14 treatment: alleviating @entity15114 -induced @entity9 and facilitating the anti- @entity5 effects of @entity15114 through their synergistic role.

title: @entity12698 reverts XXXX -induced @entity9 through inhibiting @entity3115 / @entity3242 pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['oxaliplatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity901 ( @entity15114 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity14 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity15114 evokes mechanical and cold @entity56 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) as well as @entity3115 ( @entity3115 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity9 . But it is still unclear whether @entity1996 or @entity3115 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity15114 -induced @entity56 , as well as the linkage between @entity1996 and @entity3115 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity15114 -induced @entity56 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity12698 , an inhibitor of @entity1996 , on the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . We found that @entity15114 increased the expression of @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) and @entity3242 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity12698 alleviates the @entity15114 -induced @entity56 and suppresses the @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . In addition, @entity12698 enhanced the @entity15114 -induced mortality of the @entity1 @entity694 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity12698 might play a dual role in @entity14 treatment: alleviating @entity15114 -induced @entity9 and facilitating the anti- @entity5 effects of @entity15114 through their synergistic role.

title: XXXX reverts @entity901 -induced @entity9 through inhibiting @entity3115 / @entity3242 pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

answer: @entity12698 :: (MESH:C105934,Chemical) :: ['Celecoxib']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity901 ( @entity15114 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity14 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity15114 evokes mechanical and cold @entity56 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) as well as @entity3115 ( @entity3115 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity9 . But it is still unclear whether @entity1996 or @entity3115 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity15114 -induced @entity56 , as well as the linkage between @entity1996 and @entity3115 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity15114 -induced @entity56 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity12698 , an inhibitor of @entity1996 , on the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . We found that @entity15114 increased the expression of @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) and @entity3242 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity12698 alleviates the @entity15114 -induced @entity56 and suppresses the @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . In addition, @entity12698 enhanced the @entity15114 -induced mortality of the @entity1 @entity694 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity12698 might play a dual role in @entity14 treatment: alleviating @entity15114 -induced @entity9 and facilitating the anti- @entity5 effects of @entity15114 through their synergistic role.

title: @entity12698 reverts @entity901 -induced @entity9 through inhibiting XXXX / @entity3242 pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

answer: @entity3115 :: (18708(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['PI3K']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity901 ( @entity15114 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity14 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity15114 evokes mechanical and cold @entity56 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) as well as @entity3115 ( @entity3115 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity9 . But it is still unclear whether @entity1996 or @entity3115 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity15114 -induced @entity56 , as well as the linkage between @entity1996 and @entity3115 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity15114 -induced @entity56 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity12698 , an inhibitor of @entity1996 , on the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . We found that @entity15114 increased the expression of @entity1996 ( @entity1996 ) and @entity3242 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity12698 alleviates the @entity15114 -induced @entity56 and suppresses the @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity1996 and @entity3115 / @entity3242 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity15114 -induced @entity9 . In addition, @entity12698 enhanced the @entity15114 -induced mortality of the @entity1 @entity694 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity12698 might play a dual role in @entity14 treatment: alleviating @entity15114 -induced @entity9 and facilitating the anti- @entity5 effects of @entity15114 through their synergistic role.

title: @entity12698 reverts @entity901 -induced @entity9 through inhibiting @entity3115 / XXXX pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

answer: @entity3242 :: (11652(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Akt2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) versus @entity1500 alone in preventing @entity75 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity309 and inadequate responses to @entity1500 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity1 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity1 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity1500 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity1500 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity1500 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity1500 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity1 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity1500 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity1500 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: @entity75 in @entity309 @entity1 with inadequate responses to XXXX : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of @entity75 at one year.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['structural joint damage']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) versus @entity1500 alone in preventing @entity75 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity309 and inadequate responses to @entity1500 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity1 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity1 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity1500 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity1500 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity1500 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity1500 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity1 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity1500 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity1500 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: @entity75 in XXXX @entity1 with inadequate responses to @entity1499 : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of @entity75 at one year.

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) versus @entity1500 alone in preventing @entity75 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity309 and inadequate responses to @entity1500 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity1 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity1 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity1500 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity1500 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity1500 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity1500 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity1 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity1500 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity1500 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: XXXX in @entity309 @entity1 with inadequate responses to @entity1499 : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of @entity75 at one year.

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['Tocilizumab inhibits structural joint damage']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) versus @entity1500 alone in preventing @entity75 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity309 and inadequate responses to @entity1500 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity1 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity1 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity1500 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity1500 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity1500 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity1500 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity1 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity1500 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity1500 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: @entity75 in @entity309 @entity1 with inadequate responses to @entity1499 : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of XXXX at one year.

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['structural joint damage']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) versus @entity1500 alone in preventing @entity75 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity309 and inadequate responses to @entity1500 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity1 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity1 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity1500 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity1500 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity1500 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity1500 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity1 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity1500 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity1500 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: @entity75 in @entity309 XXXX with inadequate responses to @entity1499 : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of @entity75 at one year.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among hemodialysis @entity1 , probing dry weight is an effective strategy for improving control of @entity101 . Whether controlling @entity101 improves or worsens symptoms among such @entity1 remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to develop a tool to evaluate symptoms and examine the relationship of the change in these symptoms with blood pressure (BP) control. METHODS: Among @entity1 participating in the Hemodialysis @entity1 Treated with @entity2165 or @entity3593 (HDPAL) randomized controlled trial, a confirmatory factor analysis ( @entity3795 ) was performed to establish the relationship between symptoms and organ systems. Next, the change in symptom scores pertaining to organ systems was analyzed using a mixed model. Finally, the independent effect of lowering home BP on change in symptoms was evaluated. RESULTS: Among 133 @entity1 where symptoms were available at baseline, @entity3795 revealed four level 1 domains: gastrointestinal symptoms, dialysis-related symptoms, @entity65 and general symptoms. All except dialysis-related symptoms were ascribed to @entity5507 (level 2 domain). Uremic symptoms improved over 6 months and then increased. Dialysis-related symptoms ( @entity1295 ) did not worsen despite lowering home BP. Probing dry weight was independently associated with an improvement in @entity65 such as @entity1353 . CONCLUSIONS: Reducing BP through the use of a strategy that includes volume control and medication improves symptoms seemingly unrelated to @entity3887 . In long-term hemodialysis @entity1 , treating @entity101 using home BP measurements may improve well-being.

title: Treating @entity101 in hemodialysis improves symptoms seemingly unrelated to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3887 :: ('MESH:C531600', 'Disease') :: ['volume excess']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['shortness of breath']

entities_list: @entity1295 :: ('MESH:D005221', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue, cramps and orthostatic dizziness']

entities_list: @entity3593 :: ('MESH:D017706', 'Chemical') :: ['Lisinopril']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['Atenolol']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular symptoms']

answer: @entity3887 :: (MESH:C531600,Disease) :: ['volume excess']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among hemodialysis @entity1 , probing dry weight is an effective strategy for improving control of @entity101 . Whether controlling @entity101 improves or worsens symptoms among such @entity1 remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to develop a tool to evaluate symptoms and examine the relationship of the change in these symptoms with blood pressure (BP) control. METHODS: Among @entity1 participating in the Hemodialysis @entity1 Treated with @entity2165 or @entity3593 (HDPAL) randomized controlled trial, a confirmatory factor analysis ( @entity3795 ) was performed to establish the relationship between symptoms and organ systems. Next, the change in symptom scores pertaining to organ systems was analyzed using a mixed model. Finally, the independent effect of lowering home BP on change in symptoms was evaluated. RESULTS: Among 133 @entity1 where symptoms were available at baseline, @entity3795 revealed four level 1 domains: gastrointestinal symptoms, dialysis-related symptoms, @entity65 and general symptoms. All except dialysis-related symptoms were ascribed to @entity5507 (level 2 domain). Uremic symptoms improved over 6 months and then increased. Dialysis-related symptoms ( @entity1295 ) did not worsen despite lowering home BP. Probing dry weight was independently associated with an improvement in @entity65 such as @entity1353 . CONCLUSIONS: Reducing BP through the use of a strategy that includes volume control and medication improves symptoms seemingly unrelated to @entity3887 . In long-term hemodialysis @entity1 , treating @entity101 using home BP measurements may improve well-being.

title: Treating XXXX in hemodialysis improves symptoms seemingly unrelated to @entity3887 .

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: A Caucasian male suffered a skull fracture at age twenty-two. There was @entity2319 with partial recovery of hearing in the left ear. He was able successfully to wear a hearing aid in this ear for only thirteen years. His balance remained impaired until @entity204 at age fifty of unrelated causes. Temporal bone histologic studies revealed bilateral transverse fractures extending through the ampullated end of the three semicircular canals and vestibula. The cochleae were not involved. In the right ear, the organ of Corti was missing in the basal 14 mm and shrunken in the remainder of the cochlea. In the left ear, the organ of Corti was missing in the basal 14 mm and present with partial hair cell loss in the remainder of the cochlea. @entity4494 neuron loss correlated in severity with the organ of Corti lesions bilaterally. The membranous vestibular labyrinth showed distension and @entity397 with @entity393 of sensory epithelium of the cristae and maculae bilaterally. Progressive deterioration of left ear residual hearing cannot be explained on the basis of @entity1274 ; it probably was the result of biochemical alterations. Total loss of vestibular sensory epithelium bilaterally explained the persistent disequilibrium.

title: Pathology of XXXX and disequilibrium in head injury:a human temporal bone study.

entities_list: @entity4494 :: ('MESH:D045888', 'Disease') :: ['Spiral ganglion']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral deafness']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptures']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural deficit']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['total loss']

answer: @entity2319 :: (MESH:D003638,Disease) :: ['deafness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ) visit emergency departments (EDs) in rates leading to a significant health system burden. However, limited comprehensive evaluations of utilization patterns have been published using data connecting visits to @entity1 across facilities. This study aims to examine sociodemographic predictors of @entity2613 utilization in @entity3458 . PROCEDURE: This retrospective cohort study employed 2007 data from the @entity7452 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD). Data included all @entity2613 encounters from @entity7452 hospitals; identifiers connected each visit to an individual @entity1 , across all facilities in the state. Multivariate regression techniques evaluated sociodemographic predictors of utilization while adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS: In 2007, 2,920 @entity7452 @entity1 with @entity3458 made 16,364 @entity2613 visits. Adults >=  21 years of age had higher @entity2613 visit rates than @entity1 and were more likely to both be in the highest tier of users and visit multiple facilities. @entity1 living further from a self-identified provider of comprehensive @entity3458 care had higher rates of @entity2613 visits and a lower likelihood of hospitalization from the @entity2613 . Publicly insured @entity1 had higher rates of @entity2613 visits and were more likely to be in the highest tier of users than were the privately insured or uninsured. CONCLUSIONS: Adulthood >=  21 years of age, distance from comprehensive @entity3458 care, and insurance status are significant predictors of @entity2613 utilization in @entity3458 . As a routine source of care decreases @entity2613 utilization, these findings prompt concern that these factors act as barriers to accessing comprehensive @entity3458 care.

title: @entity3458 in XXXX : sociodemographic predictors of emergency department utilization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7452 :: ('MESH:D004670', 'Disease') :: ['California']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['SCD', 'sickle cell disease']

answer: @entity7452 :: (MESH:D004670,Disease) :: ['California']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ) visit emergency departments (EDs) in rates leading to a significant health system burden. However, limited comprehensive evaluations of utilization patterns have been published using data connecting visits to @entity1 across facilities. This study aims to examine sociodemographic predictors of @entity2613 utilization in @entity3458 . PROCEDURE: This retrospective cohort study employed 2007 data from the @entity7452 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD). Data included all @entity2613 encounters from @entity7452 hospitals; identifiers connected each visit to an individual @entity1 , across all facilities in the state. Multivariate regression techniques evaluated sociodemographic predictors of utilization while adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS: In 2007, 2,920 @entity7452 @entity1 with @entity3458 made 16,364 @entity2613 visits. Adults >=  21 years of age had higher @entity2613 visit rates than @entity1 and were more likely to both be in the highest tier of users and visit multiple facilities. @entity1 living further from a self-identified provider of comprehensive @entity3458 care had higher rates of @entity2613 visits and a lower likelihood of hospitalization from the @entity2613 . Publicly insured @entity1 had higher rates of @entity2613 visits and were more likely to be in the highest tier of users than were the privately insured or uninsured. CONCLUSIONS: Adulthood >=  21 years of age, distance from comprehensive @entity3458 care, and insurance status are significant predictors of @entity2613 utilization in @entity3458 . As a routine source of care decreases @entity2613 utilization, these findings prompt concern that these factors act as barriers to accessing comprehensive @entity3458 care.

title: XXXX in @entity7452 : sociodemographic predictors of emergency department utilization.

answer: @entity3458 :: (MESH:D000755,Disease) :: ['Sickle cell disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accurate data about childhood @entity981 ( @entity981 ) in low- and middle-income countries are lacking. Our study is designed to assess survival of childhood @entity981 at King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC) using modified St. Jude @entity1 's Research Hospital protocols. @entity1 AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of @entity1 1-18 years of age who were diagnosed with @entity981 and treated at KHCC from January 2003 through December 2009. Disease characteristics and outcome were analyzed. RESULTS: Over a 7-year period, 300 @entity1 with @entity981 were treated. One hundred and seventy-three (57.7%) were males and 127 (42.3%) were females. The median age at diagnosis was 5 years. One hundred and fifty-seven (52.3%) @entity1 were classified as low-risk, 118 (39.3%) were standard-risk and 25 (8.3%) were high-risk. Two hundred and sixty-two (88.5%) @entity1 had pre-B cell phenotype and 34 (11.5%) had T-cell phenotype. Two hundred and seventy-three (91.3%) @entity1 were classified as having CNS I disease, 24 (8%) had CNS II, and 2 (0.67%) had CNS III. @entity2008 included: t(12;21) in 30 (12%) @entity1 and t(9;22) in 18 (7.4%). Four (1.3%) @entity1 died in induction, 6 (2%) died in first remission and 27 (9%) relapsed. After a median follow-up of 34.5 months (range 0.32-84.5), the estimated 5-year event free survival and overall survival were 80% and 89%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Treatment protocols developed by major cooperative groups and institutions to treat childhood @entity981 was successfully adapted and suggest that such an approach may be useful in other low- and middle-income countries.

title: Outcome of childhood XXXX in Jordan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['Cytogenetic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: Seven hundred @entity1 at a community hospital underwent gastric bypass for morbid @entity28 . @entity260 developed in 14.9 percent. The incidence of major complications was particularly low. Both @entity353 and the percentage of excess weight lost in the postoperative period were very satisfactory. The criteria for selecting @entity1 for gastric bypass are presented and preoperative evaluation is reviewed. Major technical points in the operation are stressed. Roux-Y reconstruction of gastrointestinal continuity is the preferred technique in our hands. This report reemphasizes the safety and efficacy of gastric bypass as a treatment for morbid @entity28 . When careful @entity1 selection, preoperative evaluation and operative techniques are combined. excellent results can be expected in the community hospital.

title: Gastric bypass for XXXX . Results of a community hospital series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: The introduction of @entity4396 ( @entity4396 ) analogs and their antagonists is revolutionizing the treatment of @entity263 . In this study, @entity7050 ( @entity7050 ) microspheres containing a highly potent @entity4396 antagonist ( @entity72931 ) of interest in the indication of @entity263 were evaluated on release mechanisms in vitro and biological performance in vivo. @entity72931 microspheres were prepared by the water/oil/water double emulsion method and the solid/oil/oil method. The results showed that the mechanism of @entity72931 releasing from @entity7050 14,000 microspheres was the cooperation of drug diffusion and polymer degradation. This clarified the relationship between the microsphere characterization and hormone level in vivo. The larger microspheres (33  m) could inhibit the @entity251 level to castration for a longer time (35 days) than the smaller microspheres (15  m, 14 days). The formulation containing the hydrophilic additive ( @entity968 ) could suppress the @entity251 level to castration for a longer time (> 35 days) than the formulation without @entity968 (14 days). The appearance of testis, @entity10970 , and prostates changed after treatment. The weights of sexual organs decreased significantly. The in-vivo release of the @entity72931 @entity7050 14,000 microspheres curve showed that in-vivo release started immediately after day 1 (22.7%) and was rapid during the first 5 days (40.2% release). The @entity72931 microspheres could be a promising drug delivery system candidate to treat sex hormone-dependent @entity5 and other @entity74 .

title: In-vitro/in-vivo studies of the biodegradable XXXX microspheres of a novel @entity4396 antagonist for @entity263 treatment.

entities_list: @entity4396 :: ('2796', 'Gene') :: ['luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone', 'LHRH']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity10970 :: ('MESH:D012872', 'Disease') :: ['vesicular seminalis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity7050 :: ('MESH:C043435', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(D,L-lactideco-glycolide)', 'PLGA']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['related disorders']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol', 'polyethylene glycol 6000']

answer: @entity7050 :: (MESH:C043435,Chemical) :: ['poly-(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)']


abstract: The introduction of @entity4396 ( @entity4396 ) analogs and their antagonists is revolutionizing the treatment of @entity263 . In this study, @entity7050 ( @entity7050 ) microspheres containing a highly potent @entity4396 antagonist ( @entity72931 ) of interest in the indication of @entity263 were evaluated on release mechanisms in vitro and biological performance in vivo. @entity72931 microspheres were prepared by the water/oil/water double emulsion method and the solid/oil/oil method. The results showed that the mechanism of @entity72931 releasing from @entity7050 14,000 microspheres was the cooperation of drug diffusion and polymer degradation. This clarified the relationship between the microsphere characterization and hormone level in vivo. The larger microspheres (33  m) could inhibit the @entity251 level to castration for a longer time (35 days) than the smaller microspheres (15  m, 14 days). The formulation containing the hydrophilic additive ( @entity968 ) could suppress the @entity251 level to castration for a longer time (> 35 days) than the formulation without @entity968 (14 days). The appearance of testis, @entity10970 , and prostates changed after treatment. The weights of sexual organs decreased significantly. The in-vivo release of the @entity72931 @entity7050 14,000 microspheres curve showed that in-vivo release started immediately after day 1 (22.7%) and was rapid during the first 5 days (40.2% release). The @entity72931 microspheres could be a promising drug delivery system candidate to treat sex hormone-dependent @entity5 and other @entity74 .

title: In-vitro/in-vivo studies of the biodegradable @entity7050 microspheres of a novel XXXX antagonist for @entity263 treatment.

answer: @entity4396 :: (2796,Gene) :: ['luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone']


abstract: The introduction of @entity4396 ( @entity4396 ) analogs and their antagonists is revolutionizing the treatment of @entity263 . In this study, @entity7050 ( @entity7050 ) microspheres containing a highly potent @entity4396 antagonist ( @entity72931 ) of interest in the indication of @entity263 were evaluated on release mechanisms in vitro and biological performance in vivo. @entity72931 microspheres were prepared by the water/oil/water double emulsion method and the solid/oil/oil method. The results showed that the mechanism of @entity72931 releasing from @entity7050 14,000 microspheres was the cooperation of drug diffusion and polymer degradation. This clarified the relationship between the microsphere characterization and hormone level in vivo. The larger microspheres (33  m) could inhibit the @entity251 level to castration for a longer time (35 days) than the smaller microspheres (15  m, 14 days). The formulation containing the hydrophilic additive ( @entity968 ) could suppress the @entity251 level to castration for a longer time (> 35 days) than the formulation without @entity968 (14 days). The appearance of testis, @entity10970 , and prostates changed after treatment. The weights of sexual organs decreased significantly. The in-vivo release of the @entity72931 @entity7050 14,000 microspheres curve showed that in-vivo release started immediately after day 1 (22.7%) and was rapid during the first 5 days (40.2% release). The @entity72931 microspheres could be a promising drug delivery system candidate to treat sex hormone-dependent @entity5 and other @entity74 .

title: In-vitro/in-vivo studies of the biodegradable @entity7050 microspheres of a novel @entity4396 antagonist for XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of lung recruitment maneuvers on @entity356 , systemic circulation, and lung mechanics in @entity1 with @entity647 . DESIGN: Prospective observational clinical study. SETTING. General intensive care unit of university hospital. @entity1 AND @entity1 : Fourteen @entity1 with @entity647 (ten in the main study group and four in a validation group). INTERVENTIONS. Three 2-min-long recruitment maneuvers (RM) with transient increases in mean airway pressure to 35 cm @entity2507 (RM1 and RM2) and 44 cm @entity2507 (RM3). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Measurements of systemic hemodynamics, @entity356 (laser Doppler flowmetry), and lung mechanics were performed immediately before, at the end of, and 3 min after each RM. Cardiac index decreased during all RMs while mean arterial pressure decreased only during RM3. Gastric mucosal perfusion was not significantly changed during any of the RMs. When comparing values obtained before the first RM with values after the third RM there was a significant decrease in cardiac index ( P=0.043) and a non-significant ( P=0.051) decrease in @entity356 . There were no significant changes in systemic oxygenation or lung mechanics after three RMs, even though four @entity1 showed marked transient increases in systemic oxygenation during RMs. CONCLUSIONS: In this study of ten @entity1 there were no significant changes in @entity356 during lung recruitment maneuvers. There was, however, a trend towards gradual decreases in @entity356 .

title: Do lung recruitment maneuvers decrease XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric mucosal perfusion']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric mucosal perfusion']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare repeat penetrating keratoplasty (PK) with Boston type I keratoprosthesis (KPro) implantation for full-thickness donor @entity177 . DESIGN: Previous donor graft failure is a common indication for both PK and KPro implantation. Selection of the surgical procedure is entirely dependent on the surgeon because there are no studies available for guidance. Therefore, a systematic review was undertaken to examine vision, device retention, graft clarity, and @entity86 and @entity281 outcomes after repeat PK versus KPro implantation. METHODS: Articles with data regarding repeat PK published between 1990 and 2014 were identified in PubMed, EMBASE, the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature Database, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and were reviewed. Results were compared with a retrospective review of consecutive, nonrandomized, longitudinal case series of KPro implantations performed at 5 tertiary care centers in the United States. Visual acuity at 2 years was the primary outcome measure. The proportion of clear grafts in the repeat PK group, device retention in the KPro group, and the development of @entity86 and @entity281 were secondary outcome measures. RESULTS: The search strategy identified 17 128 articles in the PK analysis. After screening, 26 studies (21 case series and 5 cohort studies) were included in the review. Pooled analysis of the 26 unique studies demonstrated a 42% (95% confidence interval [CI], 30%-56%) likelihood of maintaining 20/200 or better at 2 years after repeat PK, compared with an 80% (95% CI, 68%-88%) probability with KPro implantation. The probability of maintaining a clear graft at 5 years was 47% (95% CI, 40%-54%) after repeat PK, whereas the probability of retention of the KPro at 5 years was 75% (95% CI, 64%-84%). The rate of progression of @entity726 at 3 years was 25% (95% CI, 10%-44%) after repeat PK and 30% in the KPro cohort. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate favorable outcomes of KPro surgery for donor @entity177 with a greater likelihood of maintaining visual improvement without higher risk of @entity86 compared with repeat donor PK.

title: Boston Type 1 Keratoprosthesis versus Repeat Donor Keratoplasty for XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['corneal graft failure']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative glaucoma']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['Corneal Graft  Failure']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity11102 ( @entity11102 ) is a systemic @entity166 . The most well-known posterior segment presentation is @entity2479 with a macular star. In this study, we present a case series emphasising the heterogeneity of the disease and the various posterior segment manifestations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective case series of consecutive @entity1 presenting with posterior segment @entity11102 , over a 5-year period (2010 to 2015), at two ophthalmological centres in Midi-Pyr  n  es. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 (17 eyes) were included, of whom 11 (92%) presented with rapidly decreasing visual acuity, with 6 of these (50%) extremely abrupt. @entity11102 was bilateral in 5 (42% of all @entity1 ). Posterior manifestations were: 12 instances of @entity4 (100%), 8 of focal @entity6519 (67%) and only 6 of the classic @entity1103 with macular star (25% at first examination, but 50% later). Other @entity532 developed in three @entity1 ; one developed acute @entity6810 , one a @entity548 and one a branch retinal @entity432 , all secondary to occlusive @entity1333 adjacent to focal @entity6519 . CONCLUSION: Classical @entity2479 with macular star is not the only clinical presentation of @entity11102 . Practitioners should screen for @entity2711 in all @entity1 with @entity1829 or focal @entity6519 .

title: Posterior segment involvement in XXXX : A case series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6810 :: ('MESH:D018917', 'Disease') :: ['anterior ischemic optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['neuroretinitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['retrohyaloid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve edema']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['focal vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmological complications']

entities_list: @entity1103 :: ('MESH:D008269', 'Disease') :: ['macular edema']

entities_list: @entity2711 :: ('38323', 'Species') :: ['Bartonella henselae']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['papillitis']

entities_list: @entity11102 :: ('MESH:D002372', 'Disease') :: ['CSD', 'Cat-scratch disease']

entities_list: @entity6519 :: ('MESH:D002825', 'Disease') :: ['chorioretinitis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

answer: @entity11102 :: (MESH:D002372,Disease) :: ['cat-scratch disease']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of @entity1028 with particular reference to their longitudinal extent. Twenty-nine @entity1 were examined by CT, 21 of whom came to surgery. Sixteen of these 21 @entity1 were also examined by ultrasound. At CT the relation of the @entity439 to the renal arteries proximally and the bifurcation distally was noted, along with the definition of the aortic outline. At subsequent surgery the longitudinal relations of the @entity439 and evidence of localized stretching of or leakage from the sac were assessed by an observer without knowledge of the CT scan report. Correct extent of the @entity439 in relation to the renal arteries was predicted by CT in 20 out of 21 @entity1 who underwent surgery. CT assessment with respect to the bifurcation was correct in 16. The CT findings proved correct in one @entity1 with localized stretching of one part of the @entity439 and in one @entity1 where leakage was occurring. CT scanning was found to be superior to ultrasound in our preoperative assessment of the superior extent of @entity1028 . CT is considered to be the investigation of first choice when evaluation an @entity1028 .

title: Computed tomography (CT) of XXXX : determination of longitudinal extent.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity440 -associated @entity14220 ( @entity14220 ) reductions are linked to improved @entity0 survival. We evaluated @entity14220 at six time points to determine the timing of greatest reduction following @entity440 initiation. We sampled 40 Kaiser Permanente Northwest @entity172 receptor (ER)-positive @entity0 @entity1 from a prior study of @entity14220 change, according to @entity440 use duration and age at diagnosis: <4 years @entity440 and  <=50 years (N = 6) or >50 years (N = 10) old; >= 4 years @entity440 and  <=50 years (N = 13) or >50 years (N = 11) old. A single reader evaluated percent @entity14220 in the contralateral breast on baseline (pre-diagnosis) and five approximately yearly post-diagnostic (T1 to T5) mammograms. Mean @entity14220 change was calculated. Interactions with age ( <=50 and >50 years), @entity440 duration (<4 and >= 4 years), and baseline @entity14220 (tertiles) were tested in linear regression models. Overall, the largest @entity14220 decline occurred by T1 (mean 4.5%) with little additional decline by T5. Declines differed by tertile of baseline @entity14220 (P interaction < 0.01). In the highest tertile, the largest reduction occurred by T1 (mean 14.9%), with an additional reduction of 3.6% by T5. Changes were smaller in the middle and lowest baseline @entity14220 tertiles, with cumulative reductions of 3.0% and 0.4% from baseline to T5, respectively. There were no differences by age (P interaction = 0.36) or @entity440 duration (P interaction = 0.42). Among ER-positive @entity1 treated with @entity440 and surviving >= 5 years, most of the @entity14220 reduction occurred within approximately 12 months of @entity440 initiation, suggesting that @entity14220 measurement at a single time point following @entity440 initiation can identify @entity1 with substantial density declines. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(1); 1-5.   2015 AACR.

title: Longitudinal Change in Mammographic Density among ER-Positive XXXX @entity1 Using @entity440 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen', 'Tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity14220 :: ('MESH:C564595', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'mammographic density']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity440 -associated @entity14220 ( @entity14220 ) reductions are linked to improved @entity0 survival. We evaluated @entity14220 at six time points to determine the timing of greatest reduction following @entity440 initiation. We sampled 40 Kaiser Permanente Northwest @entity172 receptor (ER)-positive @entity0 @entity1 from a prior study of @entity14220 change, according to @entity440 use duration and age at diagnosis: <4 years @entity440 and  <=50 years (N = 6) or >50 years (N = 10) old; >= 4 years @entity440 and  <=50 years (N = 13) or >50 years (N = 11) old. A single reader evaluated percent @entity14220 in the contralateral breast on baseline (pre-diagnosis) and five approximately yearly post-diagnostic (T1 to T5) mammograms. Mean @entity14220 change was calculated. Interactions with age ( <=50 and >50 years), @entity440 duration (<4 and >= 4 years), and baseline @entity14220 (tertiles) were tested in linear regression models. Overall, the largest @entity14220 decline occurred by T1 (mean 4.5%) with little additional decline by T5. Declines differed by tertile of baseline @entity14220 (P interaction < 0.01). In the highest tertile, the largest reduction occurred by T1 (mean 14.9%), with an additional reduction of 3.6% by T5. Changes were smaller in the middle and lowest baseline @entity14220 tertiles, with cumulative reductions of 3.0% and 0.4% from baseline to T5, respectively. There were no differences by age (P interaction = 0.36) or @entity440 duration (P interaction = 0.42). Among ER-positive @entity1 treated with @entity440 and surviving >= 5 years, most of the @entity14220 reduction occurred within approximately 12 months of @entity440 initiation, suggesting that @entity14220 measurement at a single time point following @entity440 initiation can identify @entity1 with substantial density declines. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(1); 1-5.   2015 AACR.

title: Longitudinal Change in Mammographic Density among ER-Positive @entity0 @entity1 Using XXXX .

answer: @entity440 :: (MESH:D013629,Chemical) :: ['Tamoxifen']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity440 -associated @entity14220 ( @entity14220 ) reductions are linked to improved @entity0 survival. We evaluated @entity14220 at six time points to determine the timing of greatest reduction following @entity440 initiation. We sampled 40 Kaiser Permanente Northwest @entity172 receptor (ER)-positive @entity0 @entity1 from a prior study of @entity14220 change, according to @entity440 use duration and age at diagnosis: <4 years @entity440 and  <=50 years (N = 6) or >50 years (N = 10) old; >= 4 years @entity440 and  <=50 years (N = 13) or >50 years (N = 11) old. A single reader evaluated percent @entity14220 in the contralateral breast on baseline (pre-diagnosis) and five approximately yearly post-diagnostic (T1 to T5) mammograms. Mean @entity14220 change was calculated. Interactions with age ( <=50 and >50 years), @entity440 duration (<4 and >= 4 years), and baseline @entity14220 (tertiles) were tested in linear regression models. Overall, the largest @entity14220 decline occurred by T1 (mean 4.5%) with little additional decline by T5. Declines differed by tertile of baseline @entity14220 (P interaction < 0.01). In the highest tertile, the largest reduction occurred by T1 (mean 14.9%), with an additional reduction of 3.6% by T5. Changes were smaller in the middle and lowest baseline @entity14220 tertiles, with cumulative reductions of 3.0% and 0.4% from baseline to T5, respectively. There were no differences by age (P interaction = 0.36) or @entity440 duration (P interaction = 0.42). Among ER-positive @entity1 treated with @entity440 and surviving >= 5 years, most of the @entity14220 reduction occurred within approximately 12 months of @entity440 initiation, suggesting that @entity14220 measurement at a single time point following @entity440 initiation can identify @entity1 with substantial density declines. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(1); 1-5.   2015 AACR.

title: Longitudinal Change in Mammographic Density among ER-Positive @entity0 XXXX Using @entity440 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated the influence of @entity27 ( @entity27 ) on @entity101 and metabolism. METHOD: There were two groups in this research; they were the research group including 115 @entity1 who were diagnosed with polysomnography and the control group of 122 healthy @entity1 . The blood pressure in the morning, plasmas @entity413 ( @entity367 ), total @entity165 (TC), @entity412 (TG), and @entity414 (UA) were measured. There were 32 moderate or severe @entity27 @entity1 and 20 healthy @entity1 were selected to be measured the mitochondrial @entity14648 ( @entity14648 ) with radio-immunity method. The results were analyzed with statistic method. The P < 0.05 means the significant difference. RESULT: The @entity1 ' blood pressure in the morning was significantly higher than the control healthy @entity1 . The plasmas @entity413 , total @entity165 , @entity412 , and @entity414 of the @entity27 @entity1 were all in a higher level than those of the control group healthy @entity1 . There were significant differences between the two groups. The mitochondrial @entity14648 ( @entity14648 ) of moderate @entity27 @entity1 or severe @entity27 @entity1 was more than that of the healthy @entity1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity27 is a potential risk factor on the @entity65 and the @entity209 . The mitochondrial @entity14648 ( @entity14648 ) may play an important role in the procedure of @entity1112 .

title: [Effect of XXXX - hypopnea syndrome on @entity101 and @entity209 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolism disorders']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X syndrome']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['OSAHS', 'obstructive sleep apnea -hypopnea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated the influence of @entity27 ( @entity27 ) on @entity101 and metabolism. METHOD: There were two groups in this research; they were the research group including 115 @entity1 who were diagnosed with polysomnography and the control group of 122 healthy @entity1 . The blood pressure in the morning, plasmas @entity413 ( @entity367 ), total @entity165 (TC), @entity412 (TG), and @entity414 (UA) were measured. There were 32 moderate or severe @entity27 @entity1 and 20 healthy @entity1 were selected to be measured the mitochondrial @entity14648 ( @entity14648 ) with radio-immunity method. The results were analyzed with statistic method. The P < 0.05 means the significant difference. RESULT: The @entity1 ' blood pressure in the morning was significantly higher than the control healthy @entity1 . The plasmas @entity413 , total @entity165 , @entity412 , and @entity414 of the @entity27 @entity1 were all in a higher level than those of the control group healthy @entity1 . There were significant differences between the two groups. The mitochondrial @entity14648 ( @entity14648 ) of moderate @entity27 @entity1 or severe @entity27 @entity1 was more than that of the healthy @entity1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity27 is a potential risk factor on the @entity65 and the @entity209 . The mitochondrial @entity14648 ( @entity14648 ) may play an important role in the procedure of @entity1112 .

title: [Effect of @entity27 - hypopnea syndrome on XXXX and @entity209 ].

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated the influence of @entity27 ( @entity27 ) on @entity101 and metabolism. METHOD: There were two groups in this research; they were the research group including 115 @entity1 who were diagnosed with polysomnography and the control group of 122 healthy @entity1 . The blood pressure in the morning, plasmas @entity413 ( @entity367 ), total @entity165 (TC), @entity412 (TG), and @entity414 (UA) were measured. There were 32 moderate or severe @entity27 @entity1 and 20 healthy @entity1 were selected to be measured the mitochondrial @entity14648 ( @entity14648 ) with radio-immunity method. The results were analyzed with statistic method. The P < 0.05 means the significant difference. RESULT: The @entity1 ' blood pressure in the morning was significantly higher than the control healthy @entity1 . The plasmas @entity413 , total @entity165 , @entity412 , and @entity414 of the @entity27 @entity1 were all in a higher level than those of the control group healthy @entity1 . There were significant differences between the two groups. The mitochondrial @entity14648 ( @entity14648 ) of moderate @entity27 @entity1 or severe @entity27 @entity1 was more than that of the healthy @entity1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity27 is a potential risk factor on the @entity65 and the @entity209 . The mitochondrial @entity14648 ( @entity14648 ) may play an important role in the procedure of @entity1112 .

title: [Effect of @entity27 - hypopnea syndrome on @entity101 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolism disorder']


abstract: Ten cases of advanced and metastatic @entity356 treated by weekly administration of @entity1311 were studied. The @entity1 were 50-72 years of age, including 9 @entity1 and 1 @entity1 . In this study, @entity1311 was administered by 1 hour intravenous infusion at a dose of 50-80 mg/m2 every week. Administration was continued for 3 weeks with 1 week rest. One to four cycles were performed at minimum. @entity1311 was administered in 5 cases as 1st line treatment, 4 cases as 2nd line treatment and 1 case as 3rd line treatment. There were 2 partial responders and no complete responders, and the overall response rate was 20%. The response rate was 100% in liver, 100% in lung, 16% in lymphnodes, and 0% in peritonial dissemination. The clinical symptoms of @entity158 and @entity1087 abated in one case, the size of the @entity5 decreased in one case, and a @entity843 was seen in two cases. The level of @entity5 marker was decreased in 3 out of 10 cases. Side effects included grade 3/4 @entity1431 in 10% of @entity1 , and @entity1665 in 50%, but @entity1897 was not observed. Weekly administration of @entity1311 appears to be well-tolerated and effective against advanced and metastatic @entity356 .

title: [Clinical study of weekly administration of @entity1311 for advanced and metastatic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity843 :: ('MESH:D001201', 'Disease') :: ['temporary decrease of ascites due to peritonial dissemination']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: Ten cases of advanced and metastatic @entity356 treated by weekly administration of @entity1311 were studied. The @entity1 were 50-72 years of age, including 9 @entity1 and 1 @entity1 . In this study, @entity1311 was administered by 1 hour intravenous infusion at a dose of 50-80 mg/m2 every week. Administration was continued for 3 weeks with 1 week rest. One to four cycles were performed at minimum. @entity1311 was administered in 5 cases as 1st line treatment, 4 cases as 2nd line treatment and 1 case as 3rd line treatment. There were 2 partial responders and no complete responders, and the overall response rate was 20%. The response rate was 100% in liver, 100% in lung, 16% in lymphnodes, and 0% in peritonial dissemination. The clinical symptoms of @entity158 and @entity1087 abated in one case, the size of the @entity5 decreased in one case, and a @entity843 was seen in two cases. The level of @entity5 marker was decreased in 3 out of 10 cases. Side effects included grade 3/4 @entity1431 in 10% of @entity1 , and @entity1665 in 50%, but @entity1897 was not observed. Weekly administration of @entity1311 appears to be well-tolerated and effective against advanced and metastatic @entity356 .

title: [Clinical study of weekly administration of XXXX for advanced and metastatic @entity356 ].

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: Ninety-one @entity1 were treated for @entity957 of the base of the tongue between 1960 and 1974. Eighty-one of those @entity1 were treated in a consistent manner, either by radiotherapy alone or preoperative radiotherapy plus total en bloc excision with a radical neck dissection. Eighteen @entity1 were treated by radiotherapy alone (1800-7900 rads) to the primary site and bilaterally to the neck. Fifteen of these @entity1 died within five years. Sixty-three @entity1 were treated with preoperative irradiation (1800-7900 rads) followed by total primary excision with ipsilateral neck dissection. This latter group had a 50% five-year survival. Death due to uncontrolled @entity5 occurred within five years, whereas @entity204 after five years postinitial therapy was due to unrelated reasons. Unfavorable prognostic features were poor differentiation of the @entity5 , lack of histologic evidence of radiation-induced regression of the @entity5 , and more than three neck lymph node @entity3 in the initial neck dissection. Cox regression analysis showed that absence of histologic response to therapy was associated with a failure rate 4.05 times higher than that seen in @entity1 whose @entity5 did respond. @entity5 size did not affect prognosis as long as the @entity5 was technically resectable. Primary recurrences occurred in at least 20% of cases regardless of the presence or absence of surgical margin involvement.

title: XXXX : a clinicopathologic study of 81 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'Primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Squamous carcinoma of the base of the tongue']