abstract: Neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissue specimens from ten @entity1 with primary @entity1494 were examined. Most of these @entity5 were associated with either @entity1606 and/or with glandular metaplasia of the bladder epithelium. The @entity3558 produced by the neoplastic cells was PAS, @entity3737 , mucicarmine, PB/ @entity3071 /PAS, and RPB/KOH/PAS-positive. ABH isoantigens of these @entity5 were not always deleted. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells resembled goblet cells. Their plasma membrane had numerous microvilli with prominent glycocalyx. Proliferation and attenuation of tight junctions were noted. The gap junctions were few and small. Two types of desmosomes were found. The ultrastructural features of the neoplastic cells were attributed in part to the malignant transformation and in part to the direction of their differentiation. We have not observed any distinctive morphologic, histochemical, immunologic or ultrastructural features that might be diagnostic for these @entity420 .

title: Primary XXXX of the @entity1 urinary bladder: histochemical, immunological and ultrastructural studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['foci of transitional cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3737 :: ('MESH:D000423', 'Chemical') :: ['alcian blue']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinomas']


abstract: Neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissue specimens from ten @entity1 with primary @entity1494 were examined. Most of these @entity5 were associated with either @entity1606 and/or with glandular metaplasia of the bladder epithelium. The @entity3558 produced by the neoplastic cells was PAS, @entity3737 , mucicarmine, PB/ @entity3071 /PAS, and RPB/KOH/PAS-positive. ABH isoantigens of these @entity5 were not always deleted. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells resembled goblet cells. Their plasma membrane had numerous microvilli with prominent glycocalyx. Proliferation and attenuation of tight junctions were noted. The gap junctions were few and small. Two types of desmosomes were found. The ultrastructural features of the neoplastic cells were attributed in part to the malignant transformation and in part to the direction of their differentiation. We have not observed any distinctive morphologic, histochemical, immunologic or ultrastructural features that might be diagnostic for these @entity420 .

title: Primary @entity420 of the XXXX urinary bladder: histochemical, immunological and ultrastructural studies.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity1205 ( @entity4420 ) is a standard treatment for metastatic and castration-resistant @entity263 . However, chemoresistance and side effects of @entity4420 limit its clinical success. We investigated whether natural products @entity3641 ( @entity3641 ) and @entity3092 (Q), a @entity3096 from apples and onions, will enhance the efficacy of @entity4420 in @entity342 -independent (AI) @entity263 cells. Two cell lines including LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 were treated in vitro with 40  M of @entity3089 (EGCG), 5  M of Q, 2 or 5 nM of @entity4420 alone or in combination. The mixture of EGCG+Q+ @entity4420 increased the antiproliferative effect by threefold in LAPC-4-AI cells and eightfold in PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone. EGCG, Q and @entity4420 in combination significantly enhanced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and increased apoptosis in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone. The mixture increased the inhibition of PI3K/ @entity584 and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 signaling pathways compared to @entity4420 alone, and decreased the protein expression of @entity31258 . In addition, the combination with EGCG and Q increased the inhibition of @entity5 cell invasion and colony formation in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone, and decreased the percentage of @entity1759 (+)/ @entity11707 (-) stem-like LAPC-4-AI cells. In summary, @entity3641 and Q enhanced the therapeutic effect of @entity4420 in castration-resistant @entity263 cells through multiple mechanisms including the down-regulation of chemoresistance-related proteins. This study provides a novel therapeutic modality to enhance the efficacy of @entity4420 in a nontoxic manner.

title: Sensitization to @entity1205 in @entity263 cells by XXXX and @entity3092 .

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['(-)-epigallocatechin gallate']

entities_list: @entity31258 :: ('84798', 'Gene') :: ['multidrug resistance-related protein']

entities_list: @entity3092 :: ('MESH:D011794', 'Chemical') :: ['quercetin']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoid']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity3641 :: (MESH:D003117,Disease) :: ['green tea']


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity1205 ( @entity4420 ) is a standard treatment for metastatic and castration-resistant @entity263 . However, chemoresistance and side effects of @entity4420 limit its clinical success. We investigated whether natural products @entity3641 ( @entity3641 ) and @entity3092 (Q), a @entity3096 from apples and onions, will enhance the efficacy of @entity4420 in @entity342 -independent (AI) @entity263 cells. Two cell lines including LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 were treated in vitro with 40  M of @entity3089 (EGCG), 5  M of Q, 2 or 5 nM of @entity4420 alone or in combination. The mixture of EGCG+Q+ @entity4420 increased the antiproliferative effect by threefold in LAPC-4-AI cells and eightfold in PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone. EGCG, Q and @entity4420 in combination significantly enhanced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and increased apoptosis in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone. The mixture increased the inhibition of PI3K/ @entity584 and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 signaling pathways compared to @entity4420 alone, and decreased the protein expression of @entity31258 . In addition, the combination with EGCG and Q increased the inhibition of @entity5 cell invasion and colony formation in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone, and decreased the percentage of @entity1759 (+)/ @entity11707 (-) stem-like LAPC-4-AI cells. In summary, @entity3641 and Q enhanced the therapeutic effect of @entity4420 in castration-resistant @entity263 cells through multiple mechanisms including the down-regulation of chemoresistance-related proteins. This study provides a novel therapeutic modality to enhance the efficacy of @entity4420 in a nontoxic manner.

title: Sensitization to @entity1205 in @entity263 cells by @entity3641 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3092 :: (MESH:D011794,Chemical) :: ['quercetin']


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity1205 ( @entity4420 ) is a standard treatment for metastatic and castration-resistant @entity263 . However, chemoresistance and side effects of @entity4420 limit its clinical success. We investigated whether natural products @entity3641 ( @entity3641 ) and @entity3092 (Q), a @entity3096 from apples and onions, will enhance the efficacy of @entity4420 in @entity342 -independent (AI) @entity263 cells. Two cell lines including LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 were treated in vitro with 40  M of @entity3089 (EGCG), 5  M of Q, 2 or 5 nM of @entity4420 alone or in combination. The mixture of EGCG+Q+ @entity4420 increased the antiproliferative effect by threefold in LAPC-4-AI cells and eightfold in PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone. EGCG, Q and @entity4420 in combination significantly enhanced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and increased apoptosis in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone. The mixture increased the inhibition of PI3K/ @entity584 and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 signaling pathways compared to @entity4420 alone, and decreased the protein expression of @entity31258 . In addition, the combination with EGCG and Q increased the inhibition of @entity5 cell invasion and colony formation in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone, and decreased the percentage of @entity1759 (+)/ @entity11707 (-) stem-like LAPC-4-AI cells. In summary, @entity3641 and Q enhanced the therapeutic effect of @entity4420 in castration-resistant @entity263 cells through multiple mechanisms including the down-regulation of chemoresistance-related proteins. This study provides a novel therapeutic modality to enhance the efficacy of @entity4420 in a nontoxic manner.

title: Sensitization to @entity1205 in XXXX cells by @entity3641 and @entity3092 .

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity1205 ( @entity4420 ) is a standard treatment for metastatic and castration-resistant @entity263 . However, chemoresistance and side effects of @entity4420 limit its clinical success. We investigated whether natural products @entity3641 ( @entity3641 ) and @entity3092 (Q), a @entity3096 from apples and onions, will enhance the efficacy of @entity4420 in @entity342 -independent (AI) @entity263 cells. Two cell lines including LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 were treated in vitro with 40  M of @entity3089 (EGCG), 5  M of Q, 2 or 5 nM of @entity4420 alone or in combination. The mixture of EGCG+Q+ @entity4420 increased the antiproliferative effect by threefold in LAPC-4-AI cells and eightfold in PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone. EGCG, Q and @entity4420 in combination significantly enhanced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and increased apoptosis in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone. The mixture increased the inhibition of PI3K/ @entity584 and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 signaling pathways compared to @entity4420 alone, and decreased the protein expression of @entity31258 . In addition, the combination with EGCG and Q increased the inhibition of @entity5 cell invasion and colony formation in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity4420 alone, and decreased the percentage of @entity1759 (+)/ @entity11707 (-) stem-like LAPC-4-AI cells. In summary, @entity3641 and Q enhanced the therapeutic effect of @entity4420 in castration-resistant @entity263 cells through multiple mechanisms including the down-regulation of chemoresistance-related proteins. This study provides a novel therapeutic modality to enhance the efficacy of @entity4420 in a nontoxic manner.

title: Sensitization to XXXX in @entity263 cells by @entity3641 and @entity3092 .

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: @entity1201 continues to be prevalent in some mountainous regions of China, and genotypes of @entity6475 endemic to the country are not known. @entity4430 lepromatosis is a new species that was discovered in Mexico in 2008, and it remains unclear whether this species exists in China. Here, we conducted PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis to classify genotypes of 85 DNA samples collected from @entity1 from 18 different provinces. All 171 DNA samples from skin biopsies of @entity1201 @entity1 were tested for the presence of @entity4430 and @entity4430 lepromatosis by amplifying the 16S rRNA gene using nested PCR, followed by DNA sequencing. The new species M. lepromatosis was not found among the 171 specimens from @entity1201 @entity1 in 22 provinces in China. However, we found three SNP genotypes among 85 @entity1201 @entity1 . A mutation at @entity71532 in the 16S rRNA gene was found in 76% of the strains. We also found that the strains that showed the 16S rRNA @entity71532 mutation belonged to SNP type 3, whereas strains without the point mutation belonged to SNP type 1. The SNP type 3 @entity6475 were observed in @entity1 from both the inner and coastal regions of China, but the SNP type 1 strains were focused only in the coastal region. This indicated that the SNP type 3 @entity6475 were more prevalent than the SNP type 1 strains in China. In addition, the 16S rRNA gene sequence mutation at @entity71532 also indicated a difference in the geographical distribution of the strains. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a new polymorphism in 16S rRNA gene in @entity4430 in China. Our findings shed light on the prevalent genotypes and provide insight about @entity1201 transmission that are important for @entity1201 control in China.

title: Characterization of @entity4430 Genotypes in China--Identification of a New Polymorphism XXXX in the 16S rRNA Gene.

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['leprosy strains']

entities_list: @entity4430 :: ('1769', 'Species') :: ['M. leprae', 'Mycobacterium', 'Mycobacterium leprae']

entities_list: @entity1201 :: ('MESH:D007918', 'Disease') :: ['Leprosy', 'leprosy']

answer: @entity71532 :: (c|SUB|C|251|T,DNAMutation) :: ['C251T']


abstract: @entity1201 continues to be prevalent in some mountainous regions of China, and genotypes of @entity6475 endemic to the country are not known. @entity4430 lepromatosis is a new species that was discovered in Mexico in 2008, and it remains unclear whether this species exists in China. Here, we conducted PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis to classify genotypes of 85 DNA samples collected from @entity1 from 18 different provinces. All 171 DNA samples from skin biopsies of @entity1201 @entity1 were tested for the presence of @entity4430 and @entity4430 lepromatosis by amplifying the 16S rRNA gene using nested PCR, followed by DNA sequencing. The new species M. lepromatosis was not found among the 171 specimens from @entity1201 @entity1 in 22 provinces in China. However, we found three SNP genotypes among 85 @entity1201 @entity1 . A mutation at @entity71532 in the 16S rRNA gene was found in 76% of the strains. We also found that the strains that showed the 16S rRNA @entity71532 mutation belonged to SNP type 3, whereas strains without the point mutation belonged to SNP type 1. The SNP type 3 @entity6475 were observed in @entity1 from both the inner and coastal regions of China, but the SNP type 1 strains were focused only in the coastal region. This indicated that the SNP type 3 @entity6475 were more prevalent than the SNP type 1 strains in China. In addition, the 16S rRNA gene sequence mutation at @entity71532 also indicated a difference in the geographical distribution of the strains. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a new polymorphism in 16S rRNA gene in @entity4430 in China. Our findings shed light on the prevalent genotypes and provide insight about @entity1201 transmission that are important for @entity1201 control in China.

title: Characterization of XXXX Genotypes in China--Identification of a New Polymorphism @entity71532 in the 16S rRNA Gene.

answer: @entity4430 :: (1769,Species) :: ['Mycobacterium leprae']


abstract: @entity3030 is the most common @entity16 of the lower extremity. Numerous etiologies have been identified; however, compression remains the most common cause. Although @entity128 may occur anywhere along its course from the sciatic origin to the terminal branches in the foot and ankle, the most common site of compressive pathology is at the level of the fibular head. The most common presentation is acute complete or partial foot drop. Associated numbness in the foot or leg may be present, as well. Neurodiagnostic studies may be helpful for identifying the site of a lesion and determining the appropriate treatment and prognosis. Management varies based on the etiology or site of compression. Many @entity1 benefit from nonsurgical measures, including activity modification, bracing, physical therapy, and medication. Surgical decompression should be considered for refractory cases and those with compressive masses, acute lacerations, or severe conduction changes. Results of surgical decompression are typically favorable. Tendon and nerve transfers can be used in the setting of failed decompression or for @entity1 with a poor prognosis for nerve recovery.

title: XXXX : Evaluation and Management.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['entrapment neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the nerve']

entities_list: @entity3030 :: ('MESH:D020427', 'Disease') :: ['Peroneal nerve palsy']

answer: @entity3030 :: (MESH:D020427,Disease) :: ['Peroneal Nerve Palsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High flow nasal cannula @entity26 therapy (HFT) is increasingly used in intensive and emergency care departments. @entity1 suffering from @entity1576 , who are likely to benefit from HFT, may require aerosolized bronchodilators; therefore, combining nebulization with HFT may be relevant. This study aimed to identify the optimal settings for the implementation of nebulization within an adult HFT circuit. METHODS: We assessed the mass and the particle size distribution of the aerosol emitted from the nasal cannula (inhalable mass) using mesh- and jet-nebulizers placed at various positions in the HFT circuit. Thereafter, the most relevant combination was used to evaluate the mass of @entity3045 delivered downstream of an anatomical model reproducing aerosol deposition and leakage at the nasal and pharyngeal levels (respirable mass). The influence of HFT flow rate (30, 45, and 60   L/min), of breathing pattern (quiet and @entity649 pattern) as well as of opened and @entity2133 breathing was assessed. RESULTS: The most efficient position was that of a nebulizer placed upstream from the humidification chamber (inhalable mass ranging from 26% to 32% of the nebulizer charge). Using a mesh nebulizer, we observed a respirable mass ranging from 2% to 10% of the nebulizer charge. Higher HFT flow rates and @entity2133 breathing were associated with a lower efficiency. Simulating @entity649 (i.e., increasing the simulated @entity1 inspiratory flow) did not hamper drug delivery as compared to a quiet breathing pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Placing nebulizers within a HFT circuit upstream from the humidification chamber may enable to deliver clinically relevant masses of aerosol at the cannula outlet, but more importantly downstream of the nose and pharynx, even in case of high @entity1 ' inspiratory flow. This method of aerosol therapy is expected to produce a bronchodilatatory effect to be evaluated in the clinical settings.

title: Aerosol Therapy in Adults Receiving High Flow Nasal Cannula XXXX Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['open mouth', 'closed mouth']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['Oxygen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several studies tested whether stressful work mediates the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and health. Although providing moderate support, evidence is still inconclusive, partly due to a lack of theory-based measures of SEP and work stress, and because of methodological limitations. This contribution aims at overcoming these limitations. METHODS: We conduct pathway analysis and investigate indirect effects of SEP on mental health via stressful work. Data are derived from the first two waves of the 'Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe' (SHARE) with information from employed @entity1 and @entity1 aged 50-64 across 11 European countries (N=2798). SEP is measured according to two alternative measures of occupational position: occupational class (focus on employment relations) and occupational status (focus on prestige). We assess work stress according to the effort-reward imbalance and the demand-control model ( @entity13830 ), and we use newly occurring @entity308 as health outcome ( @entity13831 ). RESULTS: Effort-reward imbalance and, less consistently, low control mediate the effect of occupational class and occupational status on @entity308 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings point to two important aspects of work stress (effort-reward imbalance and low control) in explaining socioeconomic differences in health. Further, we illustrate the significance of two alternative dimensions of occupational position, occupational class and occupational status.

title: Occupational position, work stress and XXXX : a pathway analysis of longitudinal SHARE data.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive symptoms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We have taken a novel approach using oral @entity3446 - @entity3446 - as a medical adjunct to percutaneous therapy in @entity1 with in-stent @entity850 and high risk of @entity67 . BACKGROUND: @entity3657 can result in @entity101 , dysfunction, and @entity204 . Percutaneous pulmonary artery angioplasty and stent placement acutely relieve obstructions, but @entity1 frequently require re-interventions due to @entity850 . In @entity1 with tetralogy of @entity215 or @entity4065 , the problem of in-stent @entity850 contributes to the rapidly recurrent disease. METHODS: @entity3446 was administered to 10 @entity1 (1.5-18 years) with @entity8404 and in-stent @entity850 and either @entity101 , pulmonary blood flow maldistribution, or @entity120 . Treatment was initiated around the time of catheterisation and continued for 1-3 months. Potential side-effects were monitored by clinical review and blood tests. RESULTS: Target serum @entity3446 level (6-10 ng/ml) was accomplished in all @entity1 ; eight of the nine @entity1 who returned for clinically indicated catheterisations demonstrated reduction in in-stent @entity850 , and eight of the 10 @entity1 experienced no significant side-effects. Among all, one @entity1 developed @entity294 requiring drug discontinuation, and one @entity1 experienced @entity360 while on therapy that was likely due to an indwelling feeding tube and this @entity1 tolerated @entity3446 well following tube removal. CONCLUSIONS: Our initial clinical experience supports that @entity1 with @entity3657 can be safely treated with @entity3446 . Systemic @entity3446 may provide a novel medical approach to reduce in-stent @entity850 .

title: Systemic @entity3446 to prevent in-stent XXXX in @entity3657 : early clinical experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4065 :: ('MESH:C537440', 'Disease') :: ['arteriopathy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis', 'Peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular failure']

entities_list: @entity8404 :: ('MESH:D016738', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral pulmonary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['segmental pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus', 'Rapamycin', 'rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['re-stenosis', 'stenosis']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We have taken a novel approach using oral @entity3446 - @entity3446 - as a medical adjunct to percutaneous therapy in @entity1 with in-stent @entity850 and high risk of @entity67 . BACKGROUND: @entity3657 can result in @entity101 , dysfunction, and @entity204 . Percutaneous pulmonary artery angioplasty and stent placement acutely relieve obstructions, but @entity1 frequently require re-interventions due to @entity850 . In @entity1 with tetralogy of @entity215 or @entity4065 , the problem of in-stent @entity850 contributes to the rapidly recurrent disease. METHODS: @entity3446 was administered to 10 @entity1 (1.5-18 years) with @entity8404 and in-stent @entity850 and either @entity101 , pulmonary blood flow maldistribution, or @entity120 . Treatment was initiated around the time of catheterisation and continued for 1-3 months. Potential side-effects were monitored by clinical review and blood tests. RESULTS: Target serum @entity3446 level (6-10 ng/ml) was accomplished in all @entity1 ; eight of the nine @entity1 who returned for clinically indicated catheterisations demonstrated reduction in in-stent @entity850 , and eight of the 10 @entity1 experienced no significant side-effects. Among all, one @entity1 developed @entity294 requiring drug discontinuation, and one @entity1 experienced @entity360 while on therapy that was likely due to an indwelling feeding tube and this @entity1 tolerated @entity3446 well following tube removal. CONCLUSIONS: Our initial clinical experience supports that @entity1 with @entity3657 can be safely treated with @entity3446 . Systemic @entity3446 may provide a novel medical approach to reduce in-stent @entity850 .

title: Systemic XXXX to prevent in-stent @entity850 in @entity3657 : early clinical experience.

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['rapamycin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We have taken a novel approach using oral @entity3446 - @entity3446 - as a medical adjunct to percutaneous therapy in @entity1 with in-stent @entity850 and high risk of @entity67 . BACKGROUND: @entity3657 can result in @entity101 , dysfunction, and @entity204 . Percutaneous pulmonary artery angioplasty and stent placement acutely relieve obstructions, but @entity1 frequently require re-interventions due to @entity850 . In @entity1 with tetralogy of @entity215 or @entity4065 , the problem of in-stent @entity850 contributes to the rapidly recurrent disease. METHODS: @entity3446 was administered to 10 @entity1 (1.5-18 years) with @entity8404 and in-stent @entity850 and either @entity101 , pulmonary blood flow maldistribution, or @entity120 . Treatment was initiated around the time of catheterisation and continued for 1-3 months. Potential side-effects were monitored by clinical review and blood tests. RESULTS: Target serum @entity3446 level (6-10 ng/ml) was accomplished in all @entity1 ; eight of the nine @entity1 who returned for clinically indicated catheterisations demonstrated reduction in in-stent @entity850 , and eight of the 10 @entity1 experienced no significant side-effects. Among all, one @entity1 developed @entity294 requiring drug discontinuation, and one @entity1 experienced @entity360 while on therapy that was likely due to an indwelling feeding tube and this @entity1 tolerated @entity3446 well following tube removal. CONCLUSIONS: Our initial clinical experience supports that @entity1 with @entity3657 can be safely treated with @entity3446 . Systemic @entity3446 may provide a novel medical approach to reduce in-stent @entity850 .

title: Systemic @entity3446 to prevent in-stent @entity850 in XXXX : early clinical experience.

answer: @entity3657 :: (MESH:D058729,Disease) :: ['peripheral pulmonary arterial disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence that kinematic changes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can influence the risk for @entity571 . However, kinematics can change over time, and the factors influencing those changes remain unknown but potentially important. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to perform gait analysis on a population of @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) subjects without knee @entity571 after considerable time had elapsed since their injuries. The following hypotheses were tested: (1) @entity1347 knees will have greater anterior femoral translation, external @entity717 , and flexion moment as compared with healthy contralateral knees with increased time since injury; (2) side-to-side differences in anterior femoral translation and external @entity717 are positively associated with side-to-side differences in knee flexion moment. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Nineteen subjects with unilateral @entity1347 (time since injury, 1-384 months) underwent gait testing. Linear regression testing was performed for significant relationships between side-to-side differences in tibial translation and rotation during stance and the amount of time since injury, as well as the relationship between differences in peak flexion moment and differences in translation and rotation. RESULTS: There was a time dependency in side-to-side differences. Subjects with shorter times since injury had the femur of the @entity1347 knee more posteriorly translated and internally rotated than the femur of the contralateral knee, and subjects with longer times since injury had the femur of the @entity1347 knee more anteriorly translated (R(2) = 0.33) and externally rotated (R(2) = 0.53) than the femur of the contralateral knee. Additionally, when the population was stratified into 2 subgroups based on time after injury (short-term: 1.4-18.7 months; long-term: 58-383.5 months), a relationship between side-to-side differences in knee flexion moment and side-to-side differences in knee translation and rotation was found for the long-term subgroup. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide an understanding of the relationship between kinematics and kinetics of the @entity1347 knee and the amount of time since injury. They suggest that elapsed time since injury might be an important factor when the function of ACL-injured knees is interpreted as it relates to @entity571 .

title: Relationship Between Knee Mechanics and Time Since Injury in ACL-Deficient Knees Without Signs of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['ACLD', 'ACL-deficient']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['femoral rotation']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'premature osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['Osteoarthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Researchers have reported that sleep duration is positively related to baseline neurocognitive performance. However, researchers have yet to examine the effect of preinjury @entity25 on postconcussion impairments. PURPOSE: To compare @entity149 and symptoms of athletes with preinjury @entity25 to those without after a sport-related concussion (SRC). STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: The sample included 348 adolescent and adult athletes (age, mean    SD, 17.43    2.34 years) with a diagnosed SRC. The sample was divided into 2 groups: (1) 34 (10%) @entity1 with preinjury @entity25 (sleeping less as well as having @entity998 ; SLEEP SX) and (2) 231 (66%) @entity1 without preinjury @entity25 (CONTROL). The remaining 84 (24%) @entity1 with minimal @entity25 (1 symptom) were excluded. @entity1 completed the Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) and Postconcussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) at baseline and 3 postinjury intervals (2, 5-7, and 10-14 days after injury). A series of repeated-measures analyses of covariance with Bonferroni correction, controlling for baseline non-sleep-related symptoms, were conducted to compare postinjury neurocognitive performance between groups. Follow-up exploratory t tests examined between-group differences at each time interval. A series of analyses of variance were used to examine total PCSS score, sleep-related, and non-sleep-related symptoms across time intervals between groups. RESULTS: Groups differed significantly in PCSS scores across postinjury intervals for reaction time (P < .001), with the preinjury SLEEP SX group performing worse than controls at 5-7 days (mean    SD, 0.70    0.32 [SLEEP SX], 0.60    0.14 [CONTROL]) and 10-14 days (0.61    0.17 [SLEEP SX]; 0.57    0.10 [CONTROL]) after injury. Groups also differed significantly on verbal memory performance (P = .04), with the SLEEP SX (68.21    18.64) group performing worse than the CONTROL group (76.76    14.50) 2 days after injury. The SLEEP SX group reported higher total symptom (P = .02) and sleep-related symptom (P = .02) scores across postinjury time intervals. CONCLUSION: Preinjury @entity25 may exacerbate @entity149 and symptoms after concussion. The findings may help clinicians identify athletes who are at risk for @entity73 after a concussion due to preinjury @entity25 .

title: The Effect of Preinjury Sleep XXXX and Symptoms After Sport-Related Concussion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['trouble falling asleep']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['worse impairments']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep difficulties']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Difficulties on Neurocognitive Impairment']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Non-ionizing radiation at 2.45   GHz may modify the morphology and expression of genes that codify @entity1457 proteins (HSP) in the thyroid gland. Diathermy is the therapeutic application of non-ionizing radiation to @entity1 for its beneficial effects in @entity158 processes. We used a diathermy model on @entity35 subjected to maximum exposure in the left front leg, in order to study the effects of radiation on the nearby thyroid tissue. Fifty-six @entity35 were individually exposed once or repeatedly (10 times in two weeks) for 30   min to 2.45   GHz radiation in a commercial chamber at different non-thermal specific absorption rates ( @entity6723 ), which were calculated using the finite difference time domain technique. We used immunohistochemistry methods to study the expression of @entity19515 and morphological changes in thyroid gland tissues. Ninety minutes after radiation with the highest SAR, the central and peripheral follicles presented increased size and the thickness of the peripheral septa had decreased. Twenty-four hours after radiation, only peripheral follicles radiated at 12   W were found to be smaller. Peripheral follicles increased in size with repeated exposure at 3   W power. Morphological changes in the thyroid tissue may indicate a glandular response to acute or repeated stress from radiation in the @entity2339 . Further research is needed to determine if the effect of this physical agent over time may cause disease in the @entity1 thyroid gland.

title: Exposure to non-ionizing radiation provokes changes in @entity35 thyroid morphology and expression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatological and musculo-skeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['laboratory rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity19515 :: (299331(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['HSP-90']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Non-ionizing radiation at 2.45   GHz may modify the morphology and expression of genes that codify @entity1457 proteins (HSP) in the thyroid gland. Diathermy is the therapeutic application of non-ionizing radiation to @entity1 for its beneficial effects in @entity158 processes. We used a diathermy model on @entity35 subjected to maximum exposure in the left front leg, in order to study the effects of radiation on the nearby thyroid tissue. Fifty-six @entity35 were individually exposed once or repeatedly (10 times in two weeks) for 30   min to 2.45   GHz radiation in a commercial chamber at different non-thermal specific absorption rates ( @entity6723 ), which were calculated using the finite difference time domain technique. We used immunohistochemistry methods to study the expression of @entity19515 and morphological changes in thyroid gland tissues. Ninety minutes after radiation with the highest SAR, the central and peripheral follicles presented increased size and the thickness of the peripheral septa had decreased. Twenty-four hours after radiation, only peripheral follicles radiated at 12   W were found to be smaller. Peripheral follicles increased in size with repeated exposure at 3   W power. Morphological changes in the thyroid tissue may indicate a glandular response to acute or repeated stress from radiation in the @entity2339 . Further research is needed to determine if the effect of this physical agent over time may cause disease in the @entity1 thyroid gland.

title: Exposure to non-ionizing radiation provokes changes in XXXX thyroid morphology and expression of @entity19515 .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Organ donation with scheduled @entity1167 after @entity1620 (s-DBCD) is a special category in China. This study was to evaluate the procedure of pediatric s-DBCD, graft quality, and clinical outcomes of single kidney transplantation. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 8 Chinese pediatric donors. RESULTS: The death causes of the donors (age 4-12 years) were @entity12807 after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (n  = 1), @entity1504 (n  = 1), severe @entity131 (n  = 3), and @entity75 (n  = 3). The functional warm @entity63 time of the grafts was 18 (13-26) minutes. Sixteen kidneys were recovered using liver-kidney en bloc procurement after in situ perfusion. All kidneys had a length >7 cm and were transplanted to 3 adolescent and 13 adult recipients. Two cases of delayed graft function occurred. The @entity1 had a median serum @entity1011 level of 97 (55-123)  mol/L by the last visit. The median estimated glomerular filtration rate level was 85.4 (58-136) mL/min. Five episodes of biopsy-proven acute rejection occurred in 4 @entity1 , which were reversed by @entity1667 pulse therapy. @entity2791 was observed in 1 @entity1 , which was cured by interventional balloon dilatation and stent implantation. CONCLUSION: Pediatric s-DBCD is feasible with acceptable graft quality. Single kidney transplantation with pediatric graft size >7 cm has good clinical outcomes.

title: Chinese Pediatric Organ Donation With Scheduled Cardiac Arrest After XXXX : A Novel China Classification Beyond Maastricht.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12807 :: ('MESH:D002534', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['Renal arterial stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial vascular malformation']

entities_list: @entity1620 :: ('MESH:D001926', 'Disease') :: ['brain death']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1620 :: (MESH:D001926,Disease) :: ['Brain Death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Combined @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ) and light therapy (LT) cause a rapid improvement in @entity162 which has been hypothesized to be paralleled by changes in sleep homeostasis. Recent studies showed that @entity162 @entity1 had lower changes of EEG theta power after sleep and responders to antidepressant @entity1949 +LT slept less and showed a lower increase of EEG theta power then non-responders. A polymorphism in @entity5395 gene has been associated with diurnal preference, sleep structure and homeostatic response to sleep deprivation in healthy subjects. We hypothesized that the individual variability in the homeostatic response to @entity1949 could be a correlate of antidepressant response and be influenced by genetic factors. METHODS: We administered three @entity1949 +LT cycles to @entity162 @entity1 . Severity of @entity308 was rated on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Actigraphic recordings were performed in a group of @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity5395 polymorphism influenced changes in total sleep time (F=2.24; p=0.024): while @entity13076 ) and @entity5395 (4/5) @entity1 showed a reduction in it after treatment, @entity5395 (5/5) subjects showed an increase of about 40min, suggesting a higher homeostatic pressure. The same polymorphism influenced the change of depressive symptomatology during treatment (F=3.72; p=0.028). LIMITATIONS: Sleep information was recorded till the day after the end of treatment: a longer period of observation could give more information about the possible maintenance of allostatic adaptation. CONCLUSIONS: A higher sleep homeostatic pressure reduced the antidepressant response to @entity1949 +LT, while an allostatic adaptation to sleep loss was associated with better response. This process seems to be under genetic control.

title: Sleep homeostatic pressure and @entity5395 VNTR gene polymorphism influence antidepressant response to sleep XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar depression', 'bipolar depressed', 'bipolar']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['TSD', 'Total sleep deprivation']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['deprivation in bipolar depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Combined @entity1949 ( @entity1949 ) and light therapy (LT) cause a rapid improvement in @entity162 which has been hypothesized to be paralleled by changes in sleep homeostasis. Recent studies showed that @entity162 @entity1 had lower changes of EEG theta power after sleep and responders to antidepressant @entity1949 +LT slept less and showed a lower increase of EEG theta power then non-responders. A polymorphism in @entity5395 gene has been associated with diurnal preference, sleep structure and homeostatic response to sleep deprivation in healthy subjects. We hypothesized that the individual variability in the homeostatic response to @entity1949 could be a correlate of antidepressant response and be influenced by genetic factors. METHODS: We administered three @entity1949 +LT cycles to @entity162 @entity1 . Severity of @entity308 was rated on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Actigraphic recordings were performed in a group of @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity5395 polymorphism influenced changes in total sleep time (F=2.24; p=0.024): while @entity13076 ) and @entity5395 (4/5) @entity1 showed a reduction in it after treatment, @entity5395 (5/5) subjects showed an increase of about 40min, suggesting a higher homeostatic pressure. The same polymorphism influenced the change of depressive symptomatology during treatment (F=3.72; p=0.028). LIMITATIONS: Sleep information was recorded till the day after the end of treatment: a longer period of observation could give more information about the possible maintenance of allostatic adaptation. CONCLUSIONS: A higher sleep homeostatic pressure reduced the antidepressant response to @entity1949 +LT, while an allostatic adaptation to sleep loss was associated with better response. This process seems to be under genetic control.

title: Sleep homeostatic pressure and XXXX VNTR gene polymorphism influence antidepressant response to sleep @entity162 .

answer: @entity5395 :: (8863,Gene) :: ['PER3']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity1561 is a major cause of @entity409 worldwide. We estimated the global prevalence, incidence, progression and outcomes of @entity1561 and NASH. METHODS: Pubmed/MEDLINE were searched from 1989-2015 for terms involving epidemiology and progression of @entity1561 . EXCLUSIONS: selected groups (only morbidly @entity28 or @entity6 or pediatric), no data on @entity285 consumption or other @entity409 . Incidence of @entity157 , @entity82 , overall mortality and liver-related mortality were determined. NASH required histologic criteria. All studies were reviewed by 3 independent investigators. Analysis was stratified by region, diagnostic technique, biopsy indication and study population. We used random-effects models to provide point estimates (95% CI) of prevalence, incidence, mortality and incidence rate ratios, and meta-regression with sub-group analysis to account for heterogeneity. RESULTS: Out of 729 studies, 86 were included with a sample size of 8,515,431 from 22 countries. Global prevalence of @entity1561 is 25.24% (22.10-28.65) with highest prevalence in Middle East and South America and lowest in Africa. Metabolic comorbidities associated with @entity1561 included @entity28 [51.34% (41.38-61.20)], type 2 @entity6 [22.51% (17.92-27.89)], @entity407 [69.16% (49.91-83.46%)], @entity101 [(39.34% (33.15-45.88)]] and @entity209 [42.54% (30.06-56.05)] . @entity82 progression proportion, measured in Brunt's score, and mean annual rate of progression in NASH were 40.76% (34.69-47.13) and 0.09 (0.06-0.12). @entity157 incidence among @entity1561 @entity1 was 0.44/1000 @entity1 -years (0.29-0.66). Liver-specific mortality and overall mortality among @entity1561 and NASH were 0.77/1000 @entity1 -years (0.33-1.77) and 11.77/1000 @entity1 -years (7.10-19.53), 15.44/1000 @entity1 -years (11.72-20.34) and 25.56/1000 @entity1 -years (6.29-103.80). Incidence Risk Ratios for liver-specific and overall mortality for @entity1561 were 1.94 (1.28-2.92) and 1.05 (0.70-1.56). CONCLUSIONS: As the global epidemic of @entity28 fuels metabolic conditions, the clinical and economic burden of @entity1561 will become enormous.f This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Global Epidemiology of Non-Alcoholic Fatty XXXX -Meta-Analytic Assessment of Prevalence, Incidence and Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis', 'Fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases', 'liver disease']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['Liver Disease']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of early @entity4480 therapy in stress urinary @entity322 occurring after radical prostatectomy (RP). MATERIAL AND METHOD: @entity1 that had RP were randomly divided into 2 groups following the removal of the urinary catheter. Group A @entity1 (n = 28) had pelvic floor exercise and @entity4480 therapy. Group B @entity1 (n = 30) had only pelvic floor exercise. The @entity322 status of the @entity1 and number of pads were recorded and 1-hour pad test and Turkish validation of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form test were applied to the @entity1 at the follow-up. RESULTS: When the dry state of the @entity1 was evaluated, 5, 17, 3, and 2 of 28 Group A @entity1 stated that they were completely dry in the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th month respectively and pad use was stopped. There was no continence in 30 Group B in the first 3 months. Twelve, 6, and 8 @entity1 stated that they were completely dry in the 6th, 9th and 12th month, respectively. But 3 of 4 @entity1 in whom dryness could not be provided were using a mean of 7.6 pads in the first day and a mean of 1.3 pads after 1 year. When pad use of the @entity1 was evaluated, the mean monthly number of pad use was determined to be 6.2 (4-8) in the initial evaluation, 2.7 (0-5) in the in 3rd month, 2 (0-3) in the 6th month and 1.6 (0-2) pad/d in the 9th month in the group taking medicine. The mean monthly number of pads used was determined to be 5.8 (4-8) in the initial evaluation, 4.3 (3-8) in the 3rd month, 3 (0-6) in the 6th month and 1.6 (0-6) pad/d in the 9th month in the group not taking medicine. CONCLUSION: According to the results, early @entity4480 therapy in stress urinary @entity322 that occurred after RP provided early continence.

title: Efficacy of XXXX in the Early Management of Urinary Continence after Radical Prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity4480 :: ('MESH:C058218', 'Chemical') :: ['duloxetine']

answer: @entity4480 :: (MESH:C058218,Chemical) :: ['Duloxetine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1781 , including @entity528 and apoptotic death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), eventually leads to irreversible @entity227 . @entity1223 (CO) acts as a therapeutic agent against @entity130 via its anti-apoptotic effect. Here we hypothesized that low-dose CO inhalation can protect RGCs in a @entity35 model of optic nerve crush (ONC). ONC was performed on adult male @entity35 to imitate glaucomatous @entity16 . Low-dose CO (250  ppm) or air was inhaled for 1  h immediately after ONC, and all the tests were carried out 2 weeks later. Flash visual evoked potentials (FVEP) and pupil light relax (PLR) were recorded for the assessment of visual function. RGC density was evaluated by @entity1710 and @entity1711 staining and Fluorogold labeling. Retinal apoptotic process was assessed by TUNEL staining and @entity4124 activity measurement. Low-dose CO treatment significantly ameliorated the abnormalities of FVEP and PLR induced by ONC. As expected, the RGC density was increased remarkably by CO inhalation after the glaucomatous @entity1781 . Moreover, CO treatment after ONC significantly decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells in ganglion cell layer and attenuated the retinal @entity4124 activity. Low-dose CO inhalation protects RGCs from @entity18489 via inhibiting @entity4124 dependent apoptosis.

title: Low-dose XXXX inhalation protects neuronal cells from apoptosis after optic nerve crush.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['optic damage']

entities_list: @entity18489 :: ('MESH:D020221', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['Glaucomatous optic neuropathy', 'optic nerve insult']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['axonal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['neural injury']

answer: @entity1223 :: (MESH:D002248,Chemical) :: ['carbon monoxide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Pregnancy is a time of marked neural, physiological and behavioral plasticity in the female and is often a time when @entity1 are more vulnerable to stress and stress-related diseases, such as @entity308 and @entity148 . Unfortunately the impact of stress during gestation on neurobiological processes of the mother has yet to be fully determined, particularly with regard to changes in the hippocampus; a brain area that plays an important role in stress-related diseases. The present study aimed to determine how stress early in pregnancy may affect hippocampal plasticity in the pregnant female and whether these effects differ from those in virgin females. For this purpose, adult age-matched pregnant and virgin female @entity35 were divided into two conditions: (1) Control and (2) Stress. Females in the stress condition were restrained during days 5-11 of gestation and at matched time-points in virgin females. All pregnant females received an injection of @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) on day 1 of gestation and were sacrificed 21days later. The same procedure was carried out at matched time points in virgin females. Results show that for number of Ki67-immunoreactive (ir) cells and doublecortin ( @entity15990 )-ir cells, there were significant interactions between reproductive state (pregnant/virgin) and stress exposure (p=.05, p=.04, respectively) with control virgin and stressed pregnant females having more Ki67-ir cells than control pregnant females and more @entity15990 -ir cells than stressed virgin females. Results also show that pregnant females had significantly greater glucocorticoid receptor (GR) density in the @entity1249 , @entity1251 and granule cell layer compared to virgin females. In addition, there was a main effect of stress on GR density in the @entity1251 region, with stressed females having significantly lower GR density compared to control females (p=.01). This work adds to our understanding of how stress and reproductive state affect plasticity in the female hippocampus.

title: Effects of stress early in gestation on hippocampal neurogenesis and glucocorticoid receptor density in pregnant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', 'bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: The effect of anastomotic urethroplasty for pelvic fracture @entity130 (PFUIs) on ejaculatory profile is under-reported in the literature. There is controversy as regards the effect of bulbocavernous muscle splitting during surgery on ejaculatory function (EjF). We evaluated the effects of anastomotic urethroplasty on EjF using a validated questionnaire. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the computerized surgical records to identify @entity1 who underwent anastomotic posterior urethroplasty for PFUIs from June 1998 to January 2014. Those @entity1 were retrieved and evaluated for their EjF using the EjF component of the Male Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ). RESULTS: Overall, 58 @entity1 were included in the study with a mean age of 31.6  years. All @entity1 except one have antegrade ejaculation, and according to the overall ejaculatory score, only 5 @entity1 (8.6  %) reported @entity409 and the remaining 53 (91.4  %) had good or average EjF. Ten @entity1 (17.2  %) reported decreased volume and force of ejaculate. Decreased pleasure during ejaculation was the commonest ejaculatory disorder (39.6  %). The score of each of the seven ejaculatory questions among the study @entity1 was in harmony to the previous study of anterior urethroplasty except that @entity1 in this study had higher ejaculatory frequency and latency. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly all @entity1 maintained antegrade ejaculation after posterior urethroplasty for PFUIs. The risk of urethral reconstruction and splitting the bulbocavernous muscle on ejaculation seems to be minimal.

title: Ejaculatory function after anastomotic urethroplasty for pelvic fracture XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['ejaculatory dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['urethral injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['urethral injuries']


abstract: AIM: The relationship between @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha ( @entity310 ) and drug survival had not been studied in @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ) and there were no laboratory tests to predict the long-term efficacy of biological drugs for @entity4932 . We studied if serum levels of @entity310 , free or bound to etanercept, could predict long-term efficacy of etanercept in @entity1 with @entity4932 . METHODS: We included 41 biologic-na  ve @entity1 with @entity4932 who started treatment with etanercept at Sk  ne University Hospital between 1999-2010. Serum taken at the start of treatment and at the six-week follow up were analysed for @entity310 and the long-term efficacy of etanercept was assessed using the drug survival time. RESULTS: Levels of @entity310 increased significantly at the six-week follow up and this was almost exclusively comprised of @entity310 in complex with etanercept. The increase in @entity310 showed a dose-dependent correlation to long-term drug survival (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Increasing levels of circulating @entity310 at treatment initiation predicted long-term efficacy of etanercept in @entity1 with @entity4932 , which may have been due to different pathophysiological mechanisms of @entity32 . Our result may provide a helpful clinical tool, as high levels of circulating @entity310 /etanercept-complexes could be used as a marker for the long-term efficacy of etanercept. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Circulating complexes between XXXX @entity39 factor-alpha and etanercept predict long-term efficacy of etanercept in @entity4932 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['JIA', 'juvenile idiopathic arthritis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: AIM: The relationship between @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha ( @entity310 ) and drug survival had not been studied in @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ) and there were no laboratory tests to predict the long-term efficacy of biological drugs for @entity4932 . We studied if serum levels of @entity310 , free or bound to etanercept, could predict long-term efficacy of etanercept in @entity1 with @entity4932 . METHODS: We included 41 biologic-na  ve @entity1 with @entity4932 who started treatment with etanercept at Sk  ne University Hospital between 1999-2010. Serum taken at the start of treatment and at the six-week follow up were analysed for @entity310 and the long-term efficacy of etanercept was assessed using the drug survival time. RESULTS: Levels of @entity310 increased significantly at the six-week follow up and this was almost exclusively comprised of @entity310 in complex with etanercept. The increase in @entity310 showed a dose-dependent correlation to long-term drug survival (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Increasing levels of circulating @entity310 at treatment initiation predicted long-term efficacy of etanercept in @entity1 with @entity4932 , which may have been due to different pathophysiological mechanisms of @entity32 . Our result may provide a helpful clinical tool, as high levels of circulating @entity310 /etanercept-complexes could be used as a marker for the long-term efficacy of etanercept. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Circulating complexes between @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha and etanercept predict long-term efficacy of etanercept in XXXX .

answer: @entity4932 :: (MESH:D001171,Disease) :: ['juvenile idiopathic arthritis']


abstract: AIM: The relationship between @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha ( @entity310 ) and drug survival had not been studied in @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ) and there were no laboratory tests to predict the long-term efficacy of biological drugs for @entity4932 . We studied if serum levels of @entity310 , free or bound to etanercept, could predict long-term efficacy of etanercept in @entity1 with @entity4932 . METHODS: We included 41 biologic-na  ve @entity1 with @entity4932 who started treatment with etanercept at Sk  ne University Hospital between 1999-2010. Serum taken at the start of treatment and at the six-week follow up were analysed for @entity310 and the long-term efficacy of etanercept was assessed using the drug survival time. RESULTS: Levels of @entity310 increased significantly at the six-week follow up and this was almost exclusively comprised of @entity310 in complex with etanercept. The increase in @entity310 showed a dose-dependent correlation to long-term drug survival (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Increasing levels of circulating @entity310 at treatment initiation predicted long-term efficacy of etanercept in @entity1 with @entity4932 , which may have been due to different pathophysiological mechanisms of @entity32 . Our result may provide a helpful clinical tool, as high levels of circulating @entity310 /etanercept-complexes could be used as a marker for the long-term efficacy of etanercept. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Circulating complexes between @entity5 XXXX factor-alpha and etanercept predict long-term efficacy of etanercept in @entity4932 .

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to find out if Twitter could be used in a research context as a ubiquitous piece of software to record daily @entity158 . DESIGN: This study was a feasibility study conducted electronically. SETTING: Our research was conducted on Twitter in 2014. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity1 were recruited via electronic advertising and consented electronically to participate. At three time-points on two non-sequential days @entity1 were asked to record @entity158 , mood and impact ratings on a numerical scale (0-10). Data were extracted manually. RESULTS: Thirty-five individuals consented to participate. Of the 24 @entity1 providing data, 16 provided enough data to be analysed. The majority of @entity1 were female. The mean age was 44.9 (   0.78) years and the most common diagnosis for @entity1 was @entity4254 . @entity1 lived in the UK, USA, Canada and New Zealand. An increase in mean @entity158 was reported over consecutive time periods on both days while mood and impact patterns varied between days. CONCLUSION: Our study highlighted that @entity1 can be recruited solely via social media and has ascertained the ease in which data can be collected without technical expertise. To achieve greater participation, differing advertisement strategies should be explored.

title: Twitter: a viable medium for daily XXXX diaries in chronic @entity158 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['Trigeminal Neuralgia']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to find out if Twitter could be used in a research context as a ubiquitous piece of software to record daily @entity158 . DESIGN: This study was a feasibility study conducted electronically. SETTING: Our research was conducted on Twitter in 2014. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity1 were recruited via electronic advertising and consented electronically to participate. At three time-points on two non-sequential days @entity1 were asked to record @entity158 , mood and impact ratings on a numerical scale (0-10). Data were extracted manually. RESULTS: Thirty-five individuals consented to participate. Of the 24 @entity1 providing data, 16 provided enough data to be analysed. The majority of @entity1 were female. The mean age was 44.9 (   0.78) years and the most common diagnosis for @entity1 was @entity4254 . @entity1 lived in the UK, USA, Canada and New Zealand. An increase in mean @entity158 was reported over consecutive time periods on both days while mood and impact patterns varied between days. CONCLUSION: Our study highlighted that @entity1 can be recruited solely via social media and has ascertained the ease in which data can be collected without technical expertise. To achieve greater participation, differing advertisement strategies should be explored.

title: Twitter: a viable medium for daily @entity158 diaries in chronic XXXX ?

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['orofacial pain']


abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells with immunosuppressive properties. They have emerged as a very promising treatment for @entity792 and @entity32 such as @entity309 . Recent data have identified that @entity2841 -expressing CD4   T cells and Th17 cells have critical roles in the pathogenesis of @entity625 and other @entity32 . Although many studies have demonstrated that MSCs can either prevent or suppress @entity32 , no studies have addressed their modulation on @entity2841 -expressing CD4   T cells and on the plasticity of Th17 cells. To address this, a single dose of @entity1 expanded adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (eASCs) was administered to @entity19 with established collagen-induced @entity625 . A beneficial effect was observed soon after the infusion of the eASCs as shown by a significant decrease in the severity of @entity625 . This was accompanied by reduced number of pathogenic @entity2841 (+) CD4(+) T cells in the spleen and peripheral blood and by an increase in the number of different subsets of regulatory T cells like @entity403 (+) CD4(+) T cells and @entity688 (+) @entity4155 (-) CD4(+) T cells in the draining lymph nodes (LNs). Interestingly, increased numbers of Th17 cells coexpressing @entity688 were also found in draining LNs. These results demonstrate that eASCs ameliorated @entity625 after the onset of the disease by reducing the total number of pathogenic @entity2841 (+) CD4(+) T and by increasing the number of different subsets of regulatory T cells in draining LNs, including Th17 cells expressing @entity688 . All these cellular responses, ultimately, lead to the reestablishment of the regulatory/inflammatory balance in the draining LNs.

title: @entity1 Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulate Experimental Autoimmune XXXX by Modifying Early Adaptive T Cell Responses.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory diseases', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['Arthritis']


abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells with immunosuppressive properties. They have emerged as a very promising treatment for @entity792 and @entity32 such as @entity309 . Recent data have identified that @entity2841 -expressing CD4   T cells and Th17 cells have critical roles in the pathogenesis of @entity625 and other @entity32 . Although many studies have demonstrated that MSCs can either prevent or suppress @entity32 , no studies have addressed their modulation on @entity2841 -expressing CD4   T cells and on the plasticity of Th17 cells. To address this, a single dose of @entity1 expanded adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (eASCs) was administered to @entity19 with established collagen-induced @entity625 . A beneficial effect was observed soon after the infusion of the eASCs as shown by a significant decrease in the severity of @entity625 . This was accompanied by reduced number of pathogenic @entity2841 (+) CD4(+) T cells in the spleen and peripheral blood and by an increase in the number of different subsets of regulatory T cells like @entity403 (+) CD4(+) T cells and @entity688 (+) @entity4155 (-) CD4(+) T cells in the draining lymph nodes (LNs). Interestingly, increased numbers of Th17 cells coexpressing @entity688 were also found in draining LNs. These results demonstrate that eASCs ameliorated @entity625 after the onset of the disease by reducing the total number of pathogenic @entity2841 (+) CD4(+) T and by increasing the number of different subsets of regulatory T cells in draining LNs, including Th17 cells expressing @entity688 . All these cellular responses, ultimately, lead to the reestablishment of the regulatory/inflammatory balance in the draining LNs.

title: XXXX Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulate Experimental Autoimmune @entity625 by Modifying Early Adaptive T Cell Responses.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: For mild-to-moderate @entity64 survivors, early supported discharge from hospital, followed by home rehabilitation is preferred over conventional care. How this mode of service contributes to recovery from @entity64 survivors' perspective needs further investigation. AIM: The aim of this study was to explore mild-to-moderate @entity64 survivors' experiences with home rehabilitation after early supported discharge from hospital. METHODS: A qualitative interpretive interview design was used in the context of a randomised controlled trial. A purposive sample of eight @entity1 (45-80  years) was followed by an ambulant team, and a specific healthcare team provided home rehabilitation. Data were analysed using interpretive description, systematic text condensation and coping theory. FINDINGS: A crucial determinant for the @entity1 ' hopes for a life worth living was the mutual confidence expressed in encounters with healthcare professionals and the @entity1 ' ability to make sense of their now-altered body. The professional caretakers' communication qualities and their ability to attend to individual needs were important. Help in processing the emotional reactions caused by a changed body and in socialising was requested by @entity1 . Professional caretakers providing home rehabilitation should strive for a more flexible- and individually tailored service and should seek increased cooperation among stakeholders. CONCLUSION: The focus on therapeutic communicative qualities, bodily changes, emotional processes, social concerns and long-term follow-up should be increased in order to achieve a more beneficial experience for @entity64 survivors.

title: Striving for a life worth living: XXXX survivors' experiences of home rehabilitation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: PURPOSE: This 2-arm crossover study compared the relative bioavailability of two @entity36335 ( @entity36335 ) formulations [anhydrate clinical service form (CSF) capsule and monohydrate final market image (FMI) tablet; @entity487 ] and determined the effect of food on @entity36335 exposure ( @entity489 ). METHODS: @entity1 with advanced solid @entity5 , excluding @entity0 , were enrolled in 1 of the 2 arms of the study. @entity1 in @entity487 were randomized to a single 500-mg dose of CSF capsule or FMI tablet followed by 7  days of rest and 500  mg of the other formulation. @entity1 in @entity489 received 300  mg of FMI tablet daily and were randomized to follow 1 of 6 meal sequences, each with 3 prandial conditions: low fat (LF), high fat (HF), or no meal (NM). RESULTS: In @entity487 (n  =  21), 17 @entity1 were evaluable. FMI tablet compared with CSF capsule showed only slight reductions in the adjusted geometric means for area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUClast; 3  %) and maximum plasma concentration (C max; 1  %). In @entity489 (n  =  42), 19 @entity1 were evaluable. HF meal versus NM showed a 9  % decrease in the adjusted geometric mean for AUClast and an 18  % decrease for C max. Comparison of LF meal versus NM showed a 1  % decrease for AUClast and a 10  % decrease for C max. Common adverse events suspected to be study drug related included @entity391 , @entity294 , @entity390 , and @entity1295 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity36335 FMI tablet had similar systemic exposure to the CSF capsule and was not affected by food.

title: A randomized, crossover phase 1 study to assess the effects of formulation (capsule vs tablet) and meal consumption on the bioavailability of XXXX ( @entity36335 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity36335 :: ('MESH:C500007', 'Chemical') :: ['TKI258', 'Dovitinib', 'dovitinib']

answer: @entity36335 :: (MESH:C500007,Chemical) :: ['dovitinib']


abstract: PURPOSE: This 2-arm crossover study compared the relative bioavailability of two @entity36335 ( @entity36335 ) formulations [anhydrate clinical service form (CSF) capsule and monohydrate final market image (FMI) tablet; @entity487 ] and determined the effect of food on @entity36335 exposure ( @entity489 ). METHODS: @entity1 with advanced solid @entity5 , excluding @entity0 , were enrolled in 1 of the 2 arms of the study. @entity1 in @entity487 were randomized to a single 500-mg dose of CSF capsule or FMI tablet followed by 7  days of rest and 500  mg of the other formulation. @entity1 in @entity489 received 300  mg of FMI tablet daily and were randomized to follow 1 of 6 meal sequences, each with 3 prandial conditions: low fat (LF), high fat (HF), or no meal (NM). RESULTS: In @entity487 (n  =  21), 17 @entity1 were evaluable. FMI tablet compared with CSF capsule showed only slight reductions in the adjusted geometric means for area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUClast; 3  %) and maximum plasma concentration (C max; 1  %). In @entity489 (n  =  42), 19 @entity1 were evaluable. HF meal versus NM showed a 9  % decrease in the adjusted geometric mean for AUClast and an 18  % decrease for C max. Comparison of LF meal versus NM showed a 1  % decrease for AUClast and a 10  % decrease for C max. Common adverse events suspected to be study drug related included @entity391 , @entity294 , @entity390 , and @entity1295 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity36335 FMI tablet had similar systemic exposure to the CSF capsule and was not affected by food.

title: A randomized, crossover phase 1 study to assess the effects of formulation (capsule vs tablet) and meal consumption on the bioavailability of @entity36335 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity36335 :: (MESH:C500007,Chemical) :: ['TKI258']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9459 ( @entity9459 ) is a multifunctional kinase whose inhibition is known to limit @entity741 -reperfusion injury. However, the mechanism mediating this beneficial effect still remains unclear. Mitochondria and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER) are key players in cell death signaling. Their involvement in @entity741 -reperfusion injury has gained recognition recently, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet well understood. We questioned here whether @entity9459 might have a role in the @entity141 transfer from SR/ER to mitochondria at reperfusion. We showed that a fraction of @entity9459 protein is localized to the SR/ER and mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) in the heart, and that @entity9459 specifically interacted with the @entity671 receptors (IP3Rs) @entity141 channeling complex in MAMs. We demonstrated that both pharmacological and genetic inhibition of @entity9459 decreased protein interaction of @entity9197 with the @entity141 channeling complex, impaired SR/ER @entity141 release and reduced the @entity112 -stimulated @entity141 exchange between SR/ER and mitochondria in cardiomyocytes. During @entity519 reoxygenation, cell death is associated with an increase of @entity9459 activity and @entity9197 phosphorylation, which leads to enhanced transfer of @entity141 from SR/ER to mitochondria. Inhibition of @entity9459 at reperfusion reduced both @entity9197 phosphorylation and SR/ER @entity141 release, which consequently diminished both cytosolic and mitochondrial @entity141 concentrations, as well as sensitivity to apoptosis. We conclude that inhibition of @entity9459 at reperfusion diminishes @entity141 leak from @entity9197 at MAMs in the heart, which limits both cytosolic and mitochondrial @entity141 overload and subsequent cell death.

title: The SR/ER-mitochondria calcium crosstalk is regulated by XXXX during reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity671 :: ('MESH:D015544', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity9459 :: ('2932', 'Gene') :: ['Glycogen synthase kinase-3b', 'GSK3b']

answer: @entity9459 :: (2932,Gene) :: ['GSK3b']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use has been linked to a reduction in the risk of several @entity5 types. For @entity1204 , however, results have been inconsistent. To summarize the available evidence on the risk of @entity1204 associated with use of @entity117 or non- @entity117 (NA-) NSAIDs, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. METHODS: We conducted a bibliographic database search in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library. Relative risk estimates were extracted from eligible case-control and cohort studies and pooled using a random effects model. RESULTS: Six case-control and seven cohort studies were found eligible for our meta-analysis. We observed risk reductions in @entity1204 associated with regular use of @entity117 (case-control: 11%, cohort: 8%) and NA-NSAIDs (case-control: 9%, cohort: 6%), compared to non-use. However, the pooled risk ratios were not statistically significant. Higher risk reductions were seen with high frequency of notably @entity117 use (case-control: 37%, cohort: 20%). The inverse association between regular @entity117 use and @entity1204 risk was strongest among @entity1 with a body mass index above 30 (case-control: 44%, cohort: 20%). CONCLUSIONS: Regular use of @entity117 or NA-NSAIDs was associated with a marginally reduced risk of @entity1204 . Larger risk reductions were linked with high frequency of NSAID use and high BMI.

title: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and risk of XXXX : A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rectourethral @entity292 is a challenging complication of radical retropubic prostatectomy. Several treatments have been proposed, with varying outcomes. The available data are difficult to interpret, because @entity1 and disease characteristics differ significantly among reports. Details of long-term follow-up and functional status are rarely provided. We describe a technique of @entity292 repair via an intersphincteric route. METHODS: Preoperative workup included proctoscopy and urethrocystography. All @entity1 already had a stoma at the time of @entity292 repair. Mechanical cleansing of the bowel distal to the colostomy was routinely performed, and perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis was administered. @entity1 were placed in the lithotomy position. Under spinal anesthesia, a curvilinear anteanal incision was made, to expose the external sphincter. The anterior portion of the external sphincter was gently displaced along half of its circumference. The anterior rectal wall was sharply dissected free from the urethra, approximately up to 2 cm above the @entity292 level through the intersphincteric plane. The @entity292 was identified. The surrounding tissues were mobilized to obtain a tension-free repair of the @entity5331 , using a single row of 4-0 polyglactin transverse, interrupted sutures. Transanally, a U-shaped full-thickness rectal flap was advanced and sutured with 3-0 monofilament interrupted sutures to cover the rectal opening, and care was taken to ensure that the two suture lines were in different planes. The catheter was left in place for 4 weeks. @entity1 were evaluated at 3-month follow-up for stoma closure. RESULTS: We successfully treated five @entity1 . Only one minor complication was observed ( @entity281 ). Stomas were taken down uneventfully. After a median follow-up duration of 2 years (range 2-3 years), no @entity1 had @entity292 recurrence or impaired continence. CONCLUSIONS: Intersphincteric repair should be considered as an effective option in @entity1 with @entity4499 . This technique offers several advantages over alternative procedures that require more extensive approaches or invasive manipulation of the anal sphincters.

title: Intersphincteric approach for XXXX following radical prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4499 :: ('MESH:D007049', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic rectourethral fistulas']

entities_list: @entity5331 :: ('MESH:D014522', 'Disease') :: ['urethral defect']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['surgical site infection']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'rectourethral fistula']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['rectourethral fistulas']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Initial preclinical studies are required during the process of improving polymers, platforms, and drug-eluting systems for new coronary stent designs. Our objective was to analyze the efficacy and safety of new drug-eluting stent models compared with a conventional stent and commercialized drug-eluting stents in an experimental model with healthy porcine coronary arteries. METHODS: Sixty stents (conventional stent, new @entity3446 -eluting stents: drug-eluting stents 1, 2 and 3; Cypher(  ) and Xience(  )) were randomly placed in the coronary arteries of 20 Large White @entity12526 . Angiographic and histomorphometric studies were done 28 days later. RESULTS: The stents were implanted at a stent/artery ratio of 1.34  0.15, with no significant differences between groups. The new stents showed less late loss and angiographic @entity256 than conventional stents (P=.006 and P<.001, respectively). Histologically, @entity256 and neointimal area were lower with all the new platforms than with the conventional stents (P<.001 for each variable), and no differences were found vs the drug-eluting stents on the market. Safety data showed that endothelialization was lower with drug-eluting stents than with conventional stents, except for drug-eluting stent 3 (P=.084). Likewise, @entity32 was lower with drug-eluting stent 3 than with other stents. CONCLUSIONS: The new drug-eluting stent platforms studied are associated with less @entity256 than conventional stents and showed no significant differences in safety or efficacy vs commercialized drug-eluting stents.

title: Safety and Efficacy of New XXXX -eluting Stent Models in a Preclinical Study.

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity12526 :: ('9825', 'Species') :: ['domestic pigs']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['Sirolimus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Black raspberries (BRB) demonstrate potent inhibition of aerodigestive tract @entity105 in animal models. However, translational clinical trials evaluating the ability of BRB phytochemicals to impact molecular biomarkers in the oral mucosa remain limited. The present phase 0 study addresses a fundamental question for @entity5 food-based prevention: Do BRB phytochemicals successfully reach the targeted oral tissues and reduce proinflammatory and antiapoptotic gene expression profiles? @entity1 with biopsy-confirmed @entity957 ( @entity957 ) administered oral troches containing freeze-dried BRB powder from the time of enrollment to the date of curative intent surgery (13.9    1.27 days). Transcriptional biomarkers were evaluated in @entity1 -matched OSCCs and noninvolved high at-risk mucosa (HARM) for BRB-associated changes. Significant expression differences between baseline @entity957 and HARM tissues were confirmed using a panel of genes commonly deregulated during oral @entity105 . Following BRB troche administration, the expression of prosurvival genes ( @entity875 , @entity23249 , @entity470 ) and proinflammatory genes ( @entity2451 , @entity3840 ) were significantly reduced. There were no BRB-associated grade 3-4 @entity137 or adverse events, and 79.2% (N = 30) of @entity1 successfully completed the study with high levels of compliance (97.2%). The BRB phytochemicals @entity71533 and @entity71534 were detected in all @entity957 tissues analyzed, demonstrating that bioactive components were successfully reaching targeted @entity957 tissues. We confirmed that hallmark antiapoptotic and proinflammatory molecular biomarkers were overexpressed in OSCCs and that their gene expression was significantly reduced following BRB troche administration. As these molecular biomarkers are fundamental to oral @entity105 and are modifiable, they may represent emerging biomarkers of molecular efficacy for BRB-mediated @entity5 chemoprevention. Cancer Prev Res; 9(2); 1-13.   2015 AACR.

title: Suppression of Proinflammatory and Prosurvival Biomarkers in XXXX @entity1 Consuming a Black Raspberry Phytochemical-Rich Troche.

entities_list: @entity71534 :: ('MESH:C529385', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanidin-3-xylosylrutinoside']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral squamous cell carcinomas', 'OSCC']

entities_list: @entity71533 :: ('MESH:C428983', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanidin-3-rutinoside']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Oral Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Black raspberries (BRB) demonstrate potent inhibition of aerodigestive tract @entity105 in animal models. However, translational clinical trials evaluating the ability of BRB phytochemicals to impact molecular biomarkers in the oral mucosa remain limited. The present phase 0 study addresses a fundamental question for @entity5 food-based prevention: Do BRB phytochemicals successfully reach the targeted oral tissues and reduce proinflammatory and antiapoptotic gene expression profiles? @entity1 with biopsy-confirmed @entity957 ( @entity957 ) administered oral troches containing freeze-dried BRB powder from the time of enrollment to the date of curative intent surgery (13.9    1.27 days). Transcriptional biomarkers were evaluated in @entity1 -matched OSCCs and noninvolved high at-risk mucosa (HARM) for BRB-associated changes. Significant expression differences between baseline @entity957 and HARM tissues were confirmed using a panel of genes commonly deregulated during oral @entity105 . Following BRB troche administration, the expression of prosurvival genes ( @entity875 , @entity23249 , @entity470 ) and proinflammatory genes ( @entity2451 , @entity3840 ) were significantly reduced. There were no BRB-associated grade 3-4 @entity137 or adverse events, and 79.2% (N = 30) of @entity1 successfully completed the study with high levels of compliance (97.2%). The BRB phytochemicals @entity71533 and @entity71534 were detected in all @entity957 tissues analyzed, demonstrating that bioactive components were successfully reaching targeted @entity957 tissues. We confirmed that hallmark antiapoptotic and proinflammatory molecular biomarkers were overexpressed in OSCCs and that their gene expression was significantly reduced following BRB troche administration. As these molecular biomarkers are fundamental to oral @entity105 and are modifiable, they may represent emerging biomarkers of molecular efficacy for BRB-mediated @entity5 chemoprevention. Cancer Prev Res; 9(2); 1-13.   2015 AACR.

title: Suppression of Proinflammatory and Prosurvival Biomarkers in @entity5 XXXX Consuming a Black Raspberry Phytochemical-Rich Troche.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: The level of atmospheric @entity26 , a driver of free @entity16 and tumorigenesis, decreases sharply with rising elevation. To understand whether ambient @entity26 plays a role in @entity1 @entity105 , we characterized age-adjusted @entity5 incidence (compiled by the National @entity5 Institute from 2005 to 2009) across counties of the elevation-varying Western United States and compared trends displayed by @entity5 (lung) and @entity5 (breast, colorectal, and prostate). To adjust for important demographic and @entity5 -risk factors, 8-12 covariates were considered for each @entity5 . We produced regression models that captured known risks. Models demonstrated that elevation is strongly, negatively associated with @entity2 incidence (p < 10(-16)), but not with the incidence of @entity5 . For every 1,000 m rise in elevation, @entity2 incidence decreased by 7.23 99% CI [5.18-9.29] cases per 100,000 individuals, equivalent to 12.7% of the mean incidence, 56.8. As a predictor of @entity2 incidence, elevation was second only to smoking prevalence in terms of significance and effect size. Furthermore, no evidence of ecological fallacy or of confounding arising from evaluated factors was detected: the @entity2 association was robust to varying regression models, county stratification, and population subgrouping; additionally seven environmental correlates of elevation, such as exposure to sunlight and fine particulate matter, could not capture the association. Overall, our findings suggest the presence of an inhaled carcinogen inherently and inversely tied to elevation, offering epidemiological support for @entity26 -driven tumorigenesis. Finally, highlighting the need to consider elevation in studies of @entity2 , we demonstrated that previously reported inverse @entity2 associations with radon and UVB became insignificant after accounting for elevation.

title: @entity2 incidence decreases with elevation: evidence for XXXX as an inhaled carcinogen.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory cancer', 'cancer', 'non-respiratory cancers', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['radical damage']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: The level of atmospheric @entity26 , a driver of free @entity16 and tumorigenesis, decreases sharply with rising elevation. To understand whether ambient @entity26 plays a role in @entity1 @entity105 , we characterized age-adjusted @entity5 incidence (compiled by the National @entity5 Institute from 2005 to 2009) across counties of the elevation-varying Western United States and compared trends displayed by @entity5 (lung) and @entity5 (breast, colorectal, and prostate). To adjust for important demographic and @entity5 -risk factors, 8-12 covariates were considered for each @entity5 . We produced regression models that captured known risks. Models demonstrated that elevation is strongly, negatively associated with @entity2 incidence (p < 10(-16)), but not with the incidence of @entity5 . For every 1,000 m rise in elevation, @entity2 incidence decreased by 7.23 99% CI [5.18-9.29] cases per 100,000 individuals, equivalent to 12.7% of the mean incidence, 56.8. As a predictor of @entity2 incidence, elevation was second only to smoking prevalence in terms of significance and effect size. Furthermore, no evidence of ecological fallacy or of confounding arising from evaluated factors was detected: the @entity2 association was robust to varying regression models, county stratification, and population subgrouping; additionally seven environmental correlates of elevation, such as exposure to sunlight and fine particulate matter, could not capture the association. Overall, our findings suggest the presence of an inhaled carcinogen inherently and inversely tied to elevation, offering epidemiological support for @entity26 -driven tumorigenesis. Finally, highlighting the need to consider elevation in studies of @entity2 , we demonstrated that previously reported inverse @entity2 associations with radon and UVB became insignificant after accounting for elevation.

title: XXXX incidence decreases with elevation: evidence for @entity26 as an inhaled carcinogen.

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: a @entity8529 is one of the most common @entity154 of the digestive tract. The reported lifetime complication rate is 4%, mostly due to @entity548 , obstruction, perforation or @entity32 . A symptomatic @entity8529 due to @entity397 after blunt @entity1661 is very rare. We believe this case report is the first reporting a @entity397 of a @entity8529 after a low velocity blunt @entity1661 and outlining the importance of a thorough and complete examination of the @entity1 after blunt @entity1661 . PRESENTATION OF CASE: a 17-year-old male presented with @entity490 after blunt @entity1661 during a soccer game. Physical examination showed signs of @entity298 in all quadrants of the abdomen. During admission the @entity1 deteriorated with decreasing blood pressure and raising pulse rate. A CT-scan showed free abdominal fluid. Our @entity1 was scheduled for an emergent laparotomy where a perforated @entity8529 with fecal spill was found. A segmental ileal resection was performed. Post-operative, @entity1 developed a @entity55 and @entity6177 treated with percutaneous drainage. After an admission period of 17-days the @entity1 was discharged. CONCLUSION: perforation of a @entity8529 is rarely suspected as a cause of @entity697 following blunt @entity1661 . This case shows the importance of awareness of this kind of injury especially in male @entity1 .

title: @entity397 of a @entity8529 due to blunt XXXX in a soccer game: A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute deterioration']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['also intra-abdominal abscesses']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity8529 :: ('MESH:D008467', 'Disease') :: ["Meckel's diverticulum"]

answer: @entity1661 :: (MESH:D000008,Disease) :: ['abdominal trauma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: a @entity8529 is one of the most common @entity154 of the digestive tract. The reported lifetime complication rate is 4%, mostly due to @entity548 , obstruction, perforation or @entity32 . A symptomatic @entity8529 due to @entity397 after blunt @entity1661 is very rare. We believe this case report is the first reporting a @entity397 of a @entity8529 after a low velocity blunt @entity1661 and outlining the importance of a thorough and complete examination of the @entity1 after blunt @entity1661 . PRESENTATION OF CASE: a 17-year-old male presented with @entity490 after blunt @entity1661 during a soccer game. Physical examination showed signs of @entity298 in all quadrants of the abdomen. During admission the @entity1 deteriorated with decreasing blood pressure and raising pulse rate. A CT-scan showed free abdominal fluid. Our @entity1 was scheduled for an emergent laparotomy where a perforated @entity8529 with fecal spill was found. A segmental ileal resection was performed. Post-operative, @entity1 developed a @entity55 and @entity6177 treated with percutaneous drainage. After an admission period of 17-days the @entity1 was discharged. CONCLUSION: perforation of a @entity8529 is rarely suspected as a cause of @entity697 following blunt @entity1661 . This case shows the importance of awareness of this kind of injury especially in male @entity1 .

title: XXXX of a @entity8529 due to blunt @entity1661 in a soccer game: A case report.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['Traumatic rupture']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: a @entity8529 is one of the most common @entity154 of the digestive tract. The reported lifetime complication rate is 4%, mostly due to @entity548 , obstruction, perforation or @entity32 . A symptomatic @entity8529 due to @entity397 after blunt @entity1661 is very rare. We believe this case report is the first reporting a @entity397 of a @entity8529 after a low velocity blunt @entity1661 and outlining the importance of a thorough and complete examination of the @entity1 after blunt @entity1661 . PRESENTATION OF CASE: a 17-year-old male presented with @entity490 after blunt @entity1661 during a soccer game. Physical examination showed signs of @entity298 in all quadrants of the abdomen. During admission the @entity1 deteriorated with decreasing blood pressure and raising pulse rate. A CT-scan showed free abdominal fluid. Our @entity1 was scheduled for an emergent laparotomy where a perforated @entity8529 with fecal spill was found. A segmental ileal resection was performed. Post-operative, @entity1 developed a @entity55 and @entity6177 treated with percutaneous drainage. After an admission period of 17-days the @entity1 was discharged. CONCLUSION: perforation of a @entity8529 is rarely suspected as a cause of @entity697 following blunt @entity1661 . This case shows the importance of awareness of this kind of injury especially in male @entity1 .

title: @entity397 of a XXXX due to blunt @entity1661 in a soccer game: A case report.

answer: @entity8529 :: (MESH:D008467,Disease) :: ['Meckel's diverticulum']