abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish stable and controllable @entity1545 with accurate degree and good repeatability in @entity35 model. METHODS: Controlled cortical impact (CCI) device was used to prepare for the @entity35 @entity1545 model by the impact head of different model (Group A No. 4, Group B No. 5, Group C No. 6) and the impact depth (Group A: 1.5-2.0 mm, Group B: 2.5-3.0 mm, Group C: 3.5-4.0 mm) with impact time of 0.1 s and impact velocity of 2.5 m/s. Twelve @entity35 with three months of age were used in each group (the impact depth of every two @entity35 was added 1 mm respectively). After modeling for 1 h, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was received and brain histopathology was observed to assess degree of @entity130 of three groups. RESULTS: After modeling of Group A, MRI showed that the cortex structure was damaged with a small amount of @entity548 in center and mild @entity4 around, and the total volume of injury was (28.69  4.94) mm(3). Pathology revealed the injury was confined to the superficial cortical with mild @entity4 of nerve cell, which was assessed as mild @entity131 . While after modeling, MRI of Group B showed that the structure of cortex and medulla were damaged simultaneously and extended to cerebral nuclei zone, with 4 cases of @entity1410 in the center and larger @entity4 range around, and the total volume of injury was (78.38  9.28) mm(3). Pathology revealed the injury range was reached nuclei zone, with swell of nerve cell and mitochondria, which was assessed to moderate @entity131 . After modeling of Group C, MRI showed that extensive tissue injury was appeared in cortex and medulla and deep nuclei, with 9 cases of @entity1410 and large @entity4 signal of surrounding tissue T2WI, while in 5 cases, lateral nucleus of injury signal was increased, and the total volume of injury was (135.89  24.80) mm(3). Pathology revealed the deep cerebral nuclei was damaged, with the disappearance of neuronal structure and vacuolization of mitochondria, which was assessed as severe @entity131 . MRI changes were consistent with pathological changes in three groups of model, and the injury range was significantly different (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Application of CCI can make stable quantitative @entity131 model, which overcomes the randomness in @entity130 model and possesses highly unity in iconography and pathology changes. This can provide quantitative modeling reference for clinical research.

title: Assessment of XXXX degree in animal model.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral contusion', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['previous injury', 'injury by model parameters']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Self-collected @entity1082 ) testing could reduce barriers to @entity5 screening, with performance comparable to clinician-collected specimens. The ability of self-collected specimens to cross-sectionally and prospectively detect precursor lesions was investigated in an HPV vaccine randomized trial in Costa Rica. METHODS: In the trial, 7466 @entity1 age 18 to 25 years received an @entity1799 /18 or control vaccine and were followed at least annually for four years. In this secondary analysis, we included all @entity1 who provided a self-collected cervicovaginal specimen six months after enrollment (5109 @entity1 = full analytical cohort). A subset (615 @entity1 = restricted cohort) also had clinician-collected specimens at the six-month postenrollment visit. High-grade squamous @entity75 or repeat low-grade squamous @entity75 prompted colposcopic referral throughout the study. HPV testing was performed with SPF10PCR/DEIA/LiPA25. Cross-sectional and prospective sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were estimated. RESULTS: In the full cohort, one-time HPV testing on self-collected samples detected prevalent CIN2+ with a sensitivity of 88.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] =77.0% to 95.7%) and a specificity of 68.9% (95% CI = 67.6% to 70.1%). For predicting incident CIN2+ in the subsequent four years, sensitivity was 73.9% (95% CI = 65.8% to 81.0%) and specificity 69.4% (95% CI = 68.1% to 70.7%). In the restricted cohort, for incident CIN2+, self-collected HPV was much more sensitive than cytology (80.0% vs 10.0%); relative sensitivity was 0.1 (95% CI = 0.03% to 0.5%). Furthermore, three times more @entity1 with normal baseline cytology developed incident CIN2+ than those with negative self-collected HPV. Self-collected and clinician-collected HPV testing had comparable performance. Agreement between self- and clinician-collected samples was 89.7% (kappa = 0.78, McNemar   2 = 0.62) for carcinogenic HPV types. CONCLUSIONS: Self-collected specimens can be used for HPV-based screening, providing sensitivity and specificity comparable with clinician-collected specimens and detecting disease earlier than cytology.

title: Performance of self-collected cervical samples in screening for future precancer using XXXX DNA testing.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['intraepithelial lesion']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutritional status of schoolchildren, resident in a semiarid region in the Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, involving 860 @entity1 and adolescents aged from 5-19 years-old, enrolled in three public schools in the county. The selection of schools was non-probabilistic type and unintentional. The initial population, which integrated the database, was composed by 1,035 @entity1 and teenagers, and 175 students (16.9%) were excluded because of inconsistency in the anthropometric data, resulting in a sample of 860 students. The following outcomes were considered: stunting ( @entity3147 ), @entity28 (overweight), being the height/age and body mass index/age (BMI/Age), indices respectively used. @entity1 and adolescents with height <-2 standard deviations and overweight and obese weight z score >= 1 were considered stunted. The statistical analysis was descriptive. RESULTS: The prevalence of stunting and overweight/ @entity28 was 9.1% and 24.0%, respectively. Overweight and stunting were higher in adolescents aged 15 and over, compared to other age groups analyzed. In relation to gender, @entity3147 presented itself in a similar way, but overweight was more frequent among females. CONCLUSIONS: The results revealed that excess weight, here represented by the sum of @entity28 , was more prevalent than stunting ( @entity3147 ), highlighting the urgent need for attention to this problem in order to design interventions capable of contributing to the improvement of schoolchildren nutritional status.

title: [Nutritional status of XXXX and adolescents from a town in the semiarid Northeastern Brazil].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'overweight and obesity']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To assess the efficacy and tolerability of adjunctive pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in adults with @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) by means of a systematic review and network meta-analysis. METHOD: We searched Embase, Medline, PsychINFO and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from database inception to 1 December 2014 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English. We included all studies of smokers with @entity1032 (including @entity161 , @entity914 , @entity162 , @entity4750 and @entity308 ) who were motivated to quit smoking. Pharmacotherapies included @entity1239 replacement therapy (NRT), @entity752 and @entity4006 delivered as monotherapy or in combination compared with each other or placebo. The efficacy outcome was self-reported sustained smoking cessation, verified biochemically at the longest reported time-point. The tolerability outcome was number of @entity1 discontinuing the trial due to any adverse event. RESULTS: Seventeen study reports were included, which represented 14  individual RCTs. No trials were found in @entity1 with @entity308 , @entity4750 or that compared NRT monotherapy with placebo. A total of 356 and 423 @entity1 were included in the efficacy and tolerability analyses, respectively. From the network meta-analysis, both @entity752 and @entity4006 were more effective than placebo [odds ratio (OR)  =  4.51, 95% @entity59329 .45-14.04 and OR  =  5.17, 95% @entity59329 .78-15.06, respectively]. Data were insensitive to an assessment of @entity4006 versus @entity752 (OR  =  1.15, 95% CrI  =  0.24-5.45). There were no significant differences in tolerability. All outcomes were rated by GRADE criteria as very low quality. CONCLUSIONS: The limited evidence available to date suggests that @entity752 and @entity4006 are effective and tolerable for smoking cessation in adults with serious mental illnesses.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in adults with XXXX : a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['serious mental illness', 'SMI']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive psychoses']

entities_list: @entity4750 :: ('MESH:D012563', 'Disease') :: ['delusional disorder']

entities_list: @entity4006 :: ('MESH:C500838', 'Chemical') :: ['varenicline']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['schizoaffective disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity752 :: ('MESH:D016642', 'Chemical') :: ['bupropion']

answer: @entity1032 :: (MESH:D008607,Disease) :: ['serious mental illness']


abstract: It is increasingly common to monitor the marine environment and establish geographic trends of environmental contamination by measuring contaminant levels in animals from higher trophic levels. The health of an ecosystem is largely reflected in the health of its inhabitants. As an apex predator, the common bottlenose dolphin ( @entity13552 ) can reflect the health of near shore marine ecosystems, and reflect coastal threats that pose risk to @entity1 health, such as legacy contaminants or marine toxins, e.g. @entity3215 ( @entity3215 ) and brevetoxins. Major advances in the understanding of dolphin biology and the unique adaptations of these animals in response to the marine environment are being made as a result of the development of cell-lines for use in in vitro experiments, the production of monoclonal antibodies to recognize dolphin proteins, the development of dolphin DNA microarrays to measure global gene expression and the sequencing of the dolphin genome. These advances may play a central role in understanding the complex and specialized biology of the dolphin with regard to how this species responds to an array of environmental insults. This work presents the creation, characterization and application of a new molecular tool to better understand the complex and unique biology of the common bottlenose dolphin and its response to environmental stress and @entity281 . A dolphin oligo microarray representing 24,418 unigene sequences was developed and used to analyze blood samples collected from 69 dolphins during capture-release health assessments at five geographic locations (Beaufort, NC, Sarasota Bay, FL, Saint Joseph Bay, FL, Sapelo Island, GA and Brunswick, GA). The microarray was validated and tested for its ability to: 1) distinguish male from female dolphins; 2) differentiate dolphins inhabiting different geographic locations (Atlantic coasts vs the Gulf of Mexico); and 3) study in detail dolphins resident in one site, the Georgia coast, known to be heavily contaminated by @entity71775 , an uncommon polychlorinated ( @entity5241 ) mixture. The microarray was able to distinguish dolphins by sex, geographic location, and corroborate previously published health irregularities for the Georgia dolphins. Genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, development/differentiation and oncogenic pathways were found to be differentially expressed in GA dolphins. The report bridges the advancements in dolphin genome sequencing to the first step towards providing a cost-effective means to screen for indicators of chemical toxin exposure as well as disease status in top level predators.

title: Microarray applications to understand the impact of exposure to environmental contaminants in wild dolphins ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3215 :: ('MESH:D011078', 'Chemical') :: ['polychlorinated biphenyls', 'PCBs']

entities_list: @entity13552 :: ('9739', 'Species') :: ['Tursiops truncatus']

answer: @entity13552 :: (9739,Species) :: ['Tursiops truncatus']


abstract: AIMS: Although considerable attention has been paid to the concept of mentalization in psychotherapy, there is little research on mentalization as predictor of psychotherapy process and outcome. Using data from a randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy for @entity308 , we studied mentalization in 85 outpatients with @entity308 ( @entity308 ) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 . It was hypothesized that @entity1 showing lower capacity for mentalization would experience poorer quality of alliance and worse outcome. METHOD: Depressive symptoms were measured each session using the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Mentalization was measured as reflective functioning (RF) on a slightly shortened version of the Adult Attachment Interview. A measure of @entity308 -specific reflective functioning (DSRF), measuring mentalization about depressive symptoms, was also used. The Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form Revised was completed after each session by both therapist and @entity1 . Longitudinal multilevel modeling was used to analyze data. RESULTS: The @entity1 had on average very low RF (M = 2.62, SD = 1.22). Lower pretreatment RF/DSRF predicted significantly lower therapist-rated working alliance during treatment. RF did not affect @entity1 -rated alliance, but lower DSRF predicted lower @entity1 -rated alliance across treatment. @entity1 with higher RF/DSRF had better outcomes on self-rated @entity308 . CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed lower than normal capacity for mentalization in @entity1 with @entity308 . Lower RF/DSRF predicted worse treatment outcome. More research is needed to understand how RF affects psychotherapy response and how RF is affected after recovery from @entity308 . (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Reflective functioning as predictor of working alliance and outcome in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'depression', 'major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Interventions for lifestyle diseases including @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) have focused on overweight and @entity28 populations. The impact of adult weight gain on @entity1561 development among normal weight individuals remains unclear. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we collected data from @entity1 presenting to a health check-up program. Ultrasound-diagnosed @entity1561 prevalence was examined over 1-kg increments of weight change since age 20. Relative risks (RR) were calculated in @entity1 and @entity1 stratified by current weight (normal, overweight, and @entity28 ). Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Among 21,496 @entity1 , 3,498 cases of @entity1561 (16.3%) were observed. Prevalence of @entity1561 increased with weight gain since age 20; among the 10.1-11.0 kg weight gain group, 41.6% of @entity1 and 24.8% of @entity1 had @entity1561 . Multivariate analysis by quartiles showed that weight change was significantly associated with @entity1561 risk in @entity1 and @entity1 . Risk of @entity1561 associated with weight change (10-kg increments) was significantly higher in normal weight individuals ( @entity1 : OR 7.53, 95% CI 4.99-11.36, @entity1 : OR 12.20, 95% CI 7.45-19.98) than overweight ( @entity1 : OR 1.61, 95% CI 0.91-2.85, @entity1 : OR 2.90, 95% CI 0.99-8.54) and @entity28 ( @entity1 : OR 4.0, 95% CI 2.97-5.39, @entity1 : OR 2.68, 95% CI; 2.00-3.60). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1561 is robustly associated with weight change since age 20. This effect appears particularly strong in individuals at normal weight, suggesting an important role for early and longitudinal weight monitoring, even among healthy individuals at normal weight.

title: Weight gain since age 20 is associated with XXXX in normal weight individuals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['non-alcoholic fatty liver disease', 'NAFLD']

answer: @entity1561 :: (MESH:D065626,Disease) :: ['nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Rates and extent of recovery after @entity64 vary considerably between individuals and genetic factors are thought to contribute to post- @entity64 outcome. @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ) plays important roles in brain plasticity and repair and has been shown to be involved in @entity64 severity, recovery, and outcome in animal models. Few clinical studies on @entity2252 genotypes in relation to @entity385 have been performed. The aims of the present study are therefore to investigate whether genetic variation at the @entity2252 locus is associated with @entity64 , recovery and/or short-term and long-term functional outcome after @entity385 . METHODS: Four @entity2252 tagSNPs were analyzed in the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on @entity385 (SAHLSIS; 600 @entity1 and 600 controls, all aged 18-70 years). @entity64 severity was assessed using the NIH @entity64 Scale (NIHSS). @entity64 recovery was defined as the change in NIHSS over a 3-month period. Short- and long-term functional outcome post- @entity64 was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale at 3 months and at 2 and 7 years after @entity64 , respectively. RESULTS: No SNP was associated with @entity64 severity or recovery at 3 months and no SNP had an impact on short-term outcome. However, @entity71776 was independently associated with poor functional outcome 7-years after @entity64 (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46-0.92; P= 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2252 gene variants were not major contributors to @entity385 severity, recovery, or short-term functional outcome. However, this study suggests that variants in the @entity2252 gene may contribute to poor long-term functional outcome after @entity385 .

title: Genetic variation at the @entity2252 locus: evidence for association with long-term outcome after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'initial stroke severity']

entities_list: @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['Brain-derived neurotrophic factor', 'BDNF']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'Ischemic Stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Rates and extent of recovery after @entity64 vary considerably between individuals and genetic factors are thought to contribute to post- @entity64 outcome. @entity2252 ( @entity2252 ) plays important roles in brain plasticity and repair and has been shown to be involved in @entity64 severity, recovery, and outcome in animal models. Few clinical studies on @entity2252 genotypes in relation to @entity385 have been performed. The aims of the present study are therefore to investigate whether genetic variation at the @entity2252 locus is associated with @entity64 , recovery and/or short-term and long-term functional outcome after @entity385 . METHODS: Four @entity2252 tagSNPs were analyzed in the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on @entity385 (SAHLSIS; 600 @entity1 and 600 controls, all aged 18-70 years). @entity64 severity was assessed using the NIH @entity64 Scale (NIHSS). @entity64 recovery was defined as the change in NIHSS over a 3-month period. Short- and long-term functional outcome post- @entity64 was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale at 3 months and at 2 and 7 years after @entity64 , respectively. RESULTS: No SNP was associated with @entity64 severity or recovery at 3 months and no SNP had an impact on short-term outcome. However, @entity71776 was independently associated with poor functional outcome 7-years after @entity64 (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46-0.92; P= 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2252 gene variants were not major contributors to @entity385 severity, recovery, or short-term functional outcome. However, this study suggests that variants in the @entity2252 gene may contribute to poor long-term functional outcome after @entity385 .

title: Genetic variation at the XXXX locus: evidence for association with long-term outcome after @entity385 .

answer: @entity2252 :: (627,Gene) :: ['BDNF']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity3384 may benefit from @entity3384 or nasoalveolar molding before formal cleft lip repair. The authors compared the relative costs to insurers of these two treatment modalities and the burden of care to families. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed of @entity3384 @entity1 treated with nasoalveolar molding or @entity3384 at The @entity1 's Hospital of Philadelphia between January of 2007 and June of 2012. Demographic, appointment, and surgical data were reviewed; surgical, inpatient hospital, and orthodontic charges and costs were obtained. Multivariate linear regression and two-sample, two-tailed independent t tests were performed to compare cost and appointment data between groups. RESULTS: Forty-two cleft adhesion and 35 nasoalveolar molding @entity1 met inclusion criteria. Mean costs for nasoalveolar molding were  3550.24     667.27. Cleft adhesion costs, consisting of both hospital and surgical costs, were  9370.55     1691.79. Analysis of log costs demonstrated a significant difference between the groups, with the mean total cost for nasoalveolar molding significantly lower than that for adhesion (p < 0.0001). Nasoalveolar molding @entity1 had significantly more made, cancelled, no-show, and missed visits and a higher missed percentage than adhesion @entity1 (p < 0.0001) for all except no-show appointments, (p = 0.0199), indicating a higher burden of care to families. CONCLUSIONS: Nasoalveolar molding may cost @entity3384 repair treatment than @entity3384 . Third-party payers who cover adhesion and not nasoalveolar molding may not be acting in their own best interest. Nasoalveolar molding places a higher burden of care on families, and this fact should be considered in planning treatment.

title: A Comparative Cost Analysis of XXXX and Nasoalveolar Molding before Formal Cleft Lip Repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['cleft lip adhesion', 'less before formal cleft lip', 'cleft lip and palate', 'complete cleft lip and palate']

answer: @entity3384 :: (MESH:D002971,Disease) :: ['Cleft Lip Adhesion']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of right unilateral (RUL) electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and algorithm-based pharmacologic treatment (APT) on neurocognitive function in treatment-resistant @entity308 . METHOD: Inpatients with DSM-IV-TR-diagnosed, treatment-resistant @entity162 , who were acutely admitted to 1 of the 7 clinical study centers in Norway, were recruited from May 2008 to April 2011 into a prospective, randomized controlled, 6-week acute treatment trial. General neurocognitive function was assessed with the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), and retrograde memory for autobiographical events was assessed with the Autobiographical Memory Interview-Short Form (AMI-SF) before and shortly after (mean = 23.5 days) a trial with either RUL brief-pulse ECT (mean dose = 233.3 mC) or APT. RESULTS: Seventy-three @entity1 entered, and 39 (nECT = 19, nAPT = 20) completed. Both groups showed improvements in all MCCB domain scores, with no significant differences between the study groups (no interaction effect: F   ,       = 1.52, P = NS). Improvements in neurocognitive performance were significantly correlated with reductions in @entity308 ratings posttreatment. The AMI-SF score was significantly lower (based on consistent answers from pre- to posttreatment) in the ECT group (72.9%) than in the APT group (80.8%, P = .025), indicating reduced consistency in autobiographical memory after ECT. CONCLUSIONS: General neurocognitive function was unaffected by RUL brief-pulse ECT treatment and positively related to improved mood in @entity162 . Autobiographical memory consistency was reduced in @entity1 treated with ECT. The results suggest that ECT can be used in treatment-resistant @entity162 without compromising general neurocognitive function. The clinical relevance of reduced autobiographical memory consistency in the ECT group requires further investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00664976.

title: The effect of electroconvulsive therapy on neurocognitive function in treatment-resistant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar depression']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'bipolar disorder depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder depression']


abstract: @entity955 affects approximately 5 million @entity1 in the United States. The rate of @entity64 in adults with @entity955 depending on their risk factors varies between 1-20% annually. Anticoagulation with @entity2067 antagonists such as @entity1229 has been the mainstay therapy but it is cumbersome and requires close follow-up. Since 2010, three new oral anticoagulants have received Food and Drug Administration approval for @entity64 prevention in @entity955 . This review summarizes data from three landmark trials: RE-LY, ROCKET-AF, and ARISTOTLE. In addition, issues relating to cost, reversal, drug interactions, and perioperative discontinuation are discussed. Compared to @entity1229 , @entity3926 150mg twice daily lowered the primary outcome of @entity64 /systemic @entity887 by 34% (number needed to treat/yr 169) and had similar incidence of @entity548 . Rivaroxaban demonstrated non inferiority compared to the @entity1229 group for the primary outcome of @entity64 and systemic @entity887 and @entity548 . @entity5424 showed a relative risk reduction for the primary outcome of 21% (number needed to treat 300), and lowered @entity548 down by 31% (number needed to treat /yr 104). @entity5424 also showed a mortality benefit compared to @entity1229 (3.52 vs. 3.94%/year, p 0.047). All 3 oral anticoagulants lowered rates of @entity932 . The use of @entity3925 and @entity5424 has been projected to reduce medical costs when compared to @entity1229 , and @entity3926 is projected to have similar costs. All the 3 oral anticoagulants have robust randomized controlled trials supporting their comparability to @entity1229 therapy for @entity64 prevention in non @entity955 , with @entity5424 showing superiority in incidence of @entity64 , @entity548 and mortality.

title: Oral anticoagulation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['major bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['Dabigatran']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['Rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity5424 :: ('MESH:C522181', 'Chemical') :: ['Apixaban']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'Atrial fibrillation', 'valvular atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['Warfarin', 'warfarin']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This was a retrospective study of @entity1 with @entity1082 )-associated @entity5 treated with concurrent systemic therapy and radiation. METHODS: Data were extracted through chart review, and statistical analyses included frequency tabulation, chi-square, and Kaplan-Meier tests. RESULTS: Three hundred thirty-nine @entity1 were analyzed; 166 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. One hundred thirty-six @entity1 were treated with @entity900 , 123 with cetuximab, and 59 with @entity3003 . The 2-, 3-, and 5-year actuarial overall survival rates were 92%, 88%, and 78%, respectively. There were no significant differences in survival or disease control when analyzed by systemic agent. @entity3908 -treated @entity1 had greater hematologic @entity137 , and required more intravenous hydration. The incidence of confluent @entity33 was highest among @entity1 treated with cetuximab. CONCLUSION: Platin and cetuximab seem to have similar efficacy when delivered concurrently with radiation in our retrospective population study. Although @entity3908 did cause greater hematologic @entity137 , radiation-specific side effects seemed relatively comparable.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1554-E1561, 2016.

title: Comparison of systemic therapies used concurrently with radiation for the treatment of XXXX -associated @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3908 :: ('CHEBI:33364', 'Chemical') :: ['Platin', 'platin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This was a retrospective study of @entity1 with @entity1082 )-associated @entity5 treated with concurrent systemic therapy and radiation. METHODS: Data were extracted through chart review, and statistical analyses included frequency tabulation, chi-square, and Kaplan-Meier tests. RESULTS: Three hundred thirty-nine @entity1 were analyzed; 166 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. One hundred thirty-six @entity1 were treated with @entity900 , 123 with cetuximab, and 59 with @entity3003 . The 2-, 3-, and 5-year actuarial overall survival rates were 92%, 88%, and 78%, respectively. There were no significant differences in survival or disease control when analyzed by systemic agent. @entity3908 -treated @entity1 had greater hematologic @entity137 , and required more intravenous hydration. The incidence of confluent @entity33 was highest among @entity1 treated with cetuximab. CONCLUSION: Platin and cetuximab seem to have similar efficacy when delivered concurrently with radiation in our retrospective population study. Although @entity3908 did cause greater hematologic @entity137 , radiation-specific side effects seemed relatively comparable.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1554-E1561, 2016.

title: Comparison of systemic therapies used concurrently with radiation for the treatment of @entity1082 -associated XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['oropharyngeal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nuclear hormone receptor liver X receptor-alpha (LXRa) has a vital role in @entity165 homeostasis and is reported to have a role in adipose function and @entity28 although this is controversial. Conversely, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are suggested to be a major source of adipocyte generation. Accordingly, we examined the role of LXRa in adipogenesis of MSCs. Adult @entity19 MSCs (mMSCs) were isolated from wild-type (WT) and @entity23710 -null @entity19 . Using WT mMSCs, we further generated cell lines stably overexpressing GFP-LXRa (mMSC/LXRa/GFP) or GFP alone (mMSC/GFP) by @entity281 . Confluent mMSCs were differentiated into adipocytes by the established protocol. Compared with MSCs isolated from WT @entity19 , MSCs from @entity23710 -null @entity19 showed significantly increased adipogenesis, as determined by lipid droplet accumulation and adipogenesis-related gene expression. Moreover, mMSCs stably overexpressing GFP-LXRa (mMSC/LXRa/GFP) exhibited significantly decreased adipogenesis compared with mMSCs overexpressing GFP alone (mMSC/GFP). Since Wnt/ @entity12401 signaling is reported to inhibit adipogenesis, we further examined it. The @entity23710 -null group showed significantly decreased Wnt expression accompanied by a decrease of cellular @entity12401 (vs WT). The mMSC/LXRa/GFP group exhibited significantly increased Wnt expression accompanied by an increase of cellular @entity12401 (vs mMSC/GFP). These data demonstrate that LXRa has an inhibitory effect on adipogenic differentiation in mMSCs with Wnt/ @entity12401 signaling. These results provide important insights into the pathophysiology of @entity28 and @entity28 -related consequences such as @entity209 and may identify potential therapeutic targets.Laboratory Investigation advance online publication, 23 November 2015; doi:10.1038/labinvest.2015.141.

title: Nuclear hormone receptor LXRa inhibits adipocyte differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells with Wnt/ XXXX signaling.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['retroviral infection']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity12401 :: (12387(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['beta-catenin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Financial management skills-that is, the skills needed to handle personal finances such as banking and paying bills-are essential to a @entity1 's autonomy, independence, and community living. To date, no comprehensive review of financial management skills instruments exists, making it difficult for clinicians and researchers to choose relevant instruments. The objectives of this review are to: (a) identify all available instruments containing financial management skill items that have been used with adults with acquired @entity73 ; (b) categorize the instruments by source (i.e., observation based, self-report, proxy report); and (c) describe observation-based performance instruments by populations, overarching concepts measured, and comprehensiveness of financial management items. Objective (c) focuses on observation-based performance instruments as these measures can aid in situations where the @entity1 with @entity73 has poor self-awareness or where the proxy has poor knowledge of the @entity1 's current abilities. METHOD: Two reviewers completed two systematic searches of five databases. Instruments were categorized by reviewing published literature, copies of the instruments, and/or communication with instrument authors. @entity1650 was based on nine key domains of financial management skills developed by the authors. RESULTS: A total of 88 discrete instruments were identified. Of these, 44 were categorized as observation-based performance and 44 as self- and/or proxy-reports. Of the 44 observation-based performance instruments, 8 had been developed for acquired @entity1545 populations and 24 for aging and @entity303 populations. Only 7 of the observation-based performance instruments had items spanning 6 or more of the 9 financial management skills domains. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of instruments were developed for aging and @entity303 populations, and few were comprehensive. This review provides foundation for future instrument psychometric and clinimetric reviews. It a necessary first step in providing information to support decision making for clinicians and researchers selecting financial management skills instruments.

title: Identifying instruments to quantify financial management skills in adults with acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity1650 :: ('MESH:D001308', 'Disease') :: ['Comprehensiveness of items']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive impairments']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lay involvement in implementation of research evidence into practice may include using research findings to guide individual care, as well as involvement in research processes and policy development. Little is known about the conditions required for such involvement. AIM: To assess @entity64 survivors' research awareness, use of research evidence in their own care and readiness to be involved in research processes. METHODS: Cross sectional survey of @entity64 survivors participating in population-based @entity64 registers in six European centres. RESULTS: The response rate was 74% (481/647). Reasons for participation in register research included responding to clinician request (56%) and to 'give something back' (19%); however, 20% were unaware that they were participating in a @entity64 register. Research awareness was generally low: 57% did not know the purpose of the register they had been recruited to; 73% reported not having received results from the register they took part in; 60% did not know about any research on @entity64 care. Few @entity1 (7.6%) used research evidence during their consultations with a doctor. The 34% of @entity1 who were interested in being involved in research were younger, more highly educated and already research aware. CONCLUSIONS: Across Europe, @entity64 survivors already participating in research appear ill informed about @entity64 research. Researchers, healthcare professionals and @entity1 associations need to improve how research results are communicated to @entity1 populations and research @entity1 , and to raise awareness of the relationship between research evidence and increased quality of care.

title: XXXX engagement with research: European population register study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'participants']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4269 is a common complication of @entity5 therapeutics; its prevalence, treatment outcomes, and costs have been poorly defined. The objective of this study was to examine @entity4269 prevalence among @entity5 survivors and to characterize changes in clinical outcomes and costs associated with a defined therapeutic intervention (use of a @entity2850 [ @entity2850 ]) in a representative, privately insured population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Retrospective analysis of de-identified health claims data from a large national insurer for calendar years 2007 through 2013. @entity1 were required to have 12 months of continuous insurance coverage prior to @entity2850 receipt (baseline), as well as a 12-month follow-up period. Analyses were performed for individuals with @entity5 -related @entity4269 (n=1,065). @entity4269 prevalence was calculated: number of @entity1 with a @entity4269 in a calendar year divided by total number of enrollees. The impact of @entity2850 use was evaluated by comparing rates of a pre-specified set of health outcomes and costs for the 12 months before and after, respectively, @entity2850 receipt. @entity4269 prevalence among @entity5 survivors increased from 0.95% in 2007 to 1.24% in 2013. @entity2850 use was associated with decreases in rates of hospitalizations (45% to 32%, p<0.0001), outpatient hospital visits (95% to 90%, p<0.0001), cellulitis diagnoses (28% to 22%, p=0.003), and physical therapy use (50% to 41%, p<0.0001). The average baseline health care costs were high ( 53,422) but decreased in the year after @entity2850 acquisition (- 11,833, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4269 is a prevalent medical condition that is often a defining attribute of @entity5 survivorship. The problem is associated with high health care costs; Treatment (in this instance, use of @entity2850 ) is associated with significant decreases in adverse clinical outcomes and costs.

title: XXXX prevalence and treatment benefits in @entity5 : impact of a therapeutic intervention on health outcomes and costs.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphedema', 'lymphedema claim', 'lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['pneumatic compression devices', 'PCD']

answer: @entity4269 :: (MESH:D008209,Disease) :: ['Lymphedema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4269 is a common complication of @entity5 therapeutics; its prevalence, treatment outcomes, and costs have been poorly defined. The objective of this study was to examine @entity4269 prevalence among @entity5 survivors and to characterize changes in clinical outcomes and costs associated with a defined therapeutic intervention (use of a @entity2850 [ @entity2850 ]) in a representative, privately insured population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Retrospective analysis of de-identified health claims data from a large national insurer for calendar years 2007 through 2013. @entity1 were required to have 12 months of continuous insurance coverage prior to @entity2850 receipt (baseline), as well as a 12-month follow-up period. Analyses were performed for individuals with @entity5 -related @entity4269 (n=1,065). @entity4269 prevalence was calculated: number of @entity1 with a @entity4269 in a calendar year divided by total number of enrollees. The impact of @entity2850 use was evaluated by comparing rates of a pre-specified set of health outcomes and costs for the 12 months before and after, respectively, @entity2850 receipt. @entity4269 prevalence among @entity5 survivors increased from 0.95% in 2007 to 1.24% in 2013. @entity2850 use was associated with decreases in rates of hospitalizations (45% to 32%, p<0.0001), outpatient hospital visits (95% to 90%, p<0.0001), cellulitis diagnoses (28% to 22%, p=0.003), and physical therapy use (50% to 41%, p<0.0001). The average baseline health care costs were high ( 53,422) but decreased in the year after @entity2850 acquisition (- 11,833, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4269 is a prevalent medical condition that is often a defining attribute of @entity5 survivorship. The problem is associated with high health care costs; Treatment (in this instance, use of @entity2850 ) is associated with significant decreases in adverse clinical outcomes and costs.

title: @entity4269 prevalence and treatment benefits in XXXX : impact of a therapeutic intervention on health outcomes and costs.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) is an addictive drug that can cause @entity137 and @entity75 . Several pieces of evidence have demonstrated that @entity7865 @entity137 results in increases in oxidative stress that regulate an intracellular signaling cascade that leads to cell death. Recently, several studies have emphasized that the overload of cytosolic @entity460 levels and mitochondrial fission into a small mitochondrial structure is involved in cell death processes. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of @entity7865 @entity137 on cytosolic @entity460 overload and mitochondrial fission in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, the protective effect of @entity2493 against @entity7865 -induced @entity137 was also investigated. The results of the present study demonstrated that @entity7865 significantly decreases cell viability and increases the levels of mitochondrial fission ( @entity71777 and @entity24893 ) proteins and pro-apoptotic protein, @entity589 in isolated mitochondria. The levels of @entity24893 in the cytosol of @entity7865 -treated cells had no significant differences compared to the control untreated cells. @entity7865 also significantly increased the cytosolic @entity460 levels. @entity2493 reversed the toxic effects of @entity7865 by restoring cell viability and inhibiting the increase in mitochondrial @entity71777 levels and the mitochondrial translocation of @entity24893 and @entity589 . Additionally, @entity2493 was able to reduce the @entity7865 -induced increase in cytosolic @entity460 levels and fragmented mitochondria into small globular structures in SH-SY5Y cells. The results of the present study demonstrate the potential abilities of @entity2493 to maintain the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics and cytosolic @entity460 levels in @entity7865 -induced @entity137 in neuronal cells.

title: @entity2493 attenuates the mitochondrial translocation of mitochondrial fission proteins and @entity589 , cytosolic @entity460 overload and cell death in @entity888 -induced XXXX in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity888 :: ('MESH:D008694', 'Chemical') :: ['Methamphetamine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration in the brain']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['Melatonin', 'melatonin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) is an addictive drug that can cause @entity137 and @entity75 . Several pieces of evidence have demonstrated that @entity7865 @entity137 results in increases in oxidative stress that regulate an intracellular signaling cascade that leads to cell death. Recently, several studies have emphasized that the overload of cytosolic @entity460 levels and mitochondrial fission into a small mitochondrial structure is involved in cell death processes. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of @entity7865 @entity137 on cytosolic @entity460 overload and mitochondrial fission in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, the protective effect of @entity2493 against @entity7865 -induced @entity137 was also investigated. The results of the present study demonstrated that @entity7865 significantly decreases cell viability and increases the levels of mitochondrial fission ( @entity71777 and @entity24893 ) proteins and pro-apoptotic protein, @entity589 in isolated mitochondria. The levels of @entity24893 in the cytosol of @entity7865 -treated cells had no significant differences compared to the control untreated cells. @entity7865 also significantly increased the cytosolic @entity460 levels. @entity2493 reversed the toxic effects of @entity7865 by restoring cell viability and inhibiting the increase in mitochondrial @entity71777 levels and the mitochondrial translocation of @entity24893 and @entity589 . Additionally, @entity2493 was able to reduce the @entity7865 -induced increase in cytosolic @entity460 levels and fragmented mitochondria into small globular structures in SH-SY5Y cells. The results of the present study demonstrate the potential abilities of @entity2493 to maintain the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics and cytosolic @entity460 levels in @entity7865 -induced @entity137 in neuronal cells.

title: @entity2493 attenuates the mitochondrial translocation of mitochondrial fission proteins and @entity589 , cytosolic @entity460 overload and cell death in XXXX -induced @entity137 in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells.

answer: @entity888 :: (MESH:D008694,Chemical) :: ['methamphetamine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) is an addictive drug that can cause @entity137 and @entity75 . Several pieces of evidence have demonstrated that @entity7865 @entity137 results in increases in oxidative stress that regulate an intracellular signaling cascade that leads to cell death. Recently, several studies have emphasized that the overload of cytosolic @entity460 levels and mitochondrial fission into a small mitochondrial structure is involved in cell death processes. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of @entity7865 @entity137 on cytosolic @entity460 overload and mitochondrial fission in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, the protective effect of @entity2493 against @entity7865 -induced @entity137 was also investigated. The results of the present study demonstrated that @entity7865 significantly decreases cell viability and increases the levels of mitochondrial fission ( @entity71777 and @entity24893 ) proteins and pro-apoptotic protein, @entity589 in isolated mitochondria. The levels of @entity24893 in the cytosol of @entity7865 -treated cells had no significant differences compared to the control untreated cells. @entity7865 also significantly increased the cytosolic @entity460 levels. @entity2493 reversed the toxic effects of @entity7865 by restoring cell viability and inhibiting the increase in mitochondrial @entity71777 levels and the mitochondrial translocation of @entity24893 and @entity589 . Additionally, @entity2493 was able to reduce the @entity7865 -induced increase in cytosolic @entity460 levels and fragmented mitochondria into small globular structures in SH-SY5Y cells. The results of the present study demonstrate the potential abilities of @entity2493 to maintain the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics and cytosolic @entity460 levels in @entity7865 -induced @entity137 in neuronal cells.

title: XXXX attenuates the mitochondrial translocation of mitochondrial fission proteins and @entity589 , cytosolic @entity460 overload and cell death in @entity888 -induced @entity137 in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells.

answer: @entity2493 :: (MESH:D008550,Chemical) :: ['Melatonin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) is an addictive drug that can cause @entity137 and @entity75 . Several pieces of evidence have demonstrated that @entity7865 @entity137 results in increases in oxidative stress that regulate an intracellular signaling cascade that leads to cell death. Recently, several studies have emphasized that the overload of cytosolic @entity460 levels and mitochondrial fission into a small mitochondrial structure is involved in cell death processes. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of @entity7865 @entity137 on cytosolic @entity460 overload and mitochondrial fission in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, the protective effect of @entity2493 against @entity7865 -induced @entity137 was also investigated. The results of the present study demonstrated that @entity7865 significantly decreases cell viability and increases the levels of mitochondrial fission ( @entity71777 and @entity24893 ) proteins and pro-apoptotic protein, @entity589 in isolated mitochondria. The levels of @entity24893 in the cytosol of @entity7865 -treated cells had no significant differences compared to the control untreated cells. @entity7865 also significantly increased the cytosolic @entity460 levels. @entity2493 reversed the toxic effects of @entity7865 by restoring cell viability and inhibiting the increase in mitochondrial @entity71777 levels and the mitochondrial translocation of @entity24893 and @entity589 . Additionally, @entity2493 was able to reduce the @entity7865 -induced increase in cytosolic @entity460 levels and fragmented mitochondria into small globular structures in SH-SY5Y cells. The results of the present study demonstrate the potential abilities of @entity2493 to maintain the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics and cytosolic @entity460 levels in @entity7865 -induced @entity137 in neuronal cells.

title: @entity2493 attenuates the mitochondrial translocation of mitochondrial fission proteins and XXXX , cytosolic @entity460 overload and cell death in @entity888 -induced @entity137 in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells.

answer: @entity589 :: (581,Gene) :: ['Bax']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) is an addictive drug that can cause @entity137 and @entity75 . Several pieces of evidence have demonstrated that @entity7865 @entity137 results in increases in oxidative stress that regulate an intracellular signaling cascade that leads to cell death. Recently, several studies have emphasized that the overload of cytosolic @entity460 levels and mitochondrial fission into a small mitochondrial structure is involved in cell death processes. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of @entity7865 @entity137 on cytosolic @entity460 overload and mitochondrial fission in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, the protective effect of @entity2493 against @entity7865 -induced @entity137 was also investigated. The results of the present study demonstrated that @entity7865 significantly decreases cell viability and increases the levels of mitochondrial fission ( @entity71777 and @entity24893 ) proteins and pro-apoptotic protein, @entity589 in isolated mitochondria. The levels of @entity24893 in the cytosol of @entity7865 -treated cells had no significant differences compared to the control untreated cells. @entity7865 also significantly increased the cytosolic @entity460 levels. @entity2493 reversed the toxic effects of @entity7865 by restoring cell viability and inhibiting the increase in mitochondrial @entity71777 levels and the mitochondrial translocation of @entity24893 and @entity589 . Additionally, @entity2493 was able to reduce the @entity7865 -induced increase in cytosolic @entity460 levels and fragmented mitochondria into small globular structures in SH-SY5Y cells. The results of the present study demonstrate the potential abilities of @entity2493 to maintain the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics and cytosolic @entity460 levels in @entity7865 -induced @entity137 in neuronal cells.

title: @entity2493 attenuates the mitochondrial translocation of mitochondrial fission proteins and @entity589 , cytosolic @entity460 overload and cell death in @entity888 -induced @entity137 in XXXX SH-SY5Y cells.

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) is an addictive drug that can cause @entity137 and @entity75 . Several pieces of evidence have demonstrated that @entity7865 @entity137 results in increases in oxidative stress that regulate an intracellular signaling cascade that leads to cell death. Recently, several studies have emphasized that the overload of cytosolic @entity460 levels and mitochondrial fission into a small mitochondrial structure is involved in cell death processes. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of @entity7865 @entity137 on cytosolic @entity460 overload and mitochondrial fission in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, the protective effect of @entity2493 against @entity7865 -induced @entity137 was also investigated. The results of the present study demonstrated that @entity7865 significantly decreases cell viability and increases the levels of mitochondrial fission ( @entity71777 and @entity24893 ) proteins and pro-apoptotic protein, @entity589 in isolated mitochondria. The levels of @entity24893 in the cytosol of @entity7865 -treated cells had no significant differences compared to the control untreated cells. @entity7865 also significantly increased the cytosolic @entity460 levels. @entity2493 reversed the toxic effects of @entity7865 by restoring cell viability and inhibiting the increase in mitochondrial @entity71777 levels and the mitochondrial translocation of @entity24893 and @entity589 . Additionally, @entity2493 was able to reduce the @entity7865 -induced increase in cytosolic @entity460 levels and fragmented mitochondria into small globular structures in SH-SY5Y cells. The results of the present study demonstrate the potential abilities of @entity2493 to maintain the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics and cytosolic @entity460 levels in @entity7865 -induced @entity137 in neuronal cells.

title: @entity2493 attenuates the mitochondrial translocation of mitochondrial fission proteins and @entity589 , cytosolic XXXX overload and cell death in @entity888 -induced @entity137 in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells.

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: Abstract 1. @entity50105 ( @entity32273 ) is a new type of triazolinthione fungicide used worldwide. Despite its widespread use, the basic toxicokinetics (TK) information for health risk assessments of @entity32273 is limited. 2. TK behavior and metabolism studies of @entity32273 were performed in male adult Sprague Dawley (SD) @entity35 after a single oral administration. Serial blood and tissue samples were analyzed for their @entity32273 content by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to obtain comprehensive time-course data for estimation of TK parameters. 3. @entity32273 was rapidly but incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract of fasted adult @entity35 . It was widely distributed in all parts of body, but demonstrated little tendency to accumulate. And @entity32273 was excreted mainly in the form of parent compound. 4. The detection of @entity32273 in brain and testis proved that further investigations are required to determine whether @entity32273 could result in @entity2359 and @entity137 .

title: Toxicokinetics and tissue distribution of XXXX in male adult @entity35 following a single oral administration.

entities_list: @entity50105 :: ('MESH:C550005', 'Chemical') :: ['Prothioconazole']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['male reproductive toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity50105 :: (MESH:C550005,Chemical) :: ['prothioconazole']


abstract: Abstract 1. @entity50105 ( @entity32273 ) is a new type of triazolinthione fungicide used worldwide. Despite its widespread use, the basic toxicokinetics (TK) information for health risk assessments of @entity32273 is limited. 2. TK behavior and metabolism studies of @entity32273 were performed in male adult Sprague Dawley (SD) @entity35 after a single oral administration. Serial blood and tissue samples were analyzed for their @entity32273 content by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to obtain comprehensive time-course data for estimation of TK parameters. 3. @entity32273 was rapidly but incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract of fasted adult @entity35 . It was widely distributed in all parts of body, but demonstrated little tendency to accumulate. And @entity32273 was excreted mainly in the form of parent compound. 4. The detection of @entity32273 in brain and testis proved that further investigations are required to determine whether @entity32273 could result in @entity2359 and @entity137 .

title: Toxicokinetics and tissue distribution of @entity50105 in male adult XXXX following a single oral administration.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) on infliximab, data are limited on immune response to @entity683 vaccine and the impact of vaccine timing. The study aims were to evaluate immune responses to the @entity683 vaccine in @entity29 @entity1 on infliximab and the impact of vaccine timing on immune responses. METHODS: In this randomized study, 137 subjects with @entity29 on maintenance infliximab therapy were allocated to receive the 2012/2013 inactivated @entity683 vaccine at the time of infliximab infusion (n = 69) or midway between infusions (n = 68). Serum was collected before and after vaccination for hemagglutination inhibition titers. Serologic protection was defined by postvaccine titer of >= 1:40. RESULTS: Comparing subjects vaccinated at the time of infliximab with those vaccinated midway, serologic protection was achieved in 67% versus 66% to H1N1 (P = 0.8), in 43% versus 49% to H3N2 (P = 0.5), and in 69% versus 79% to @entity683 B (P = 0.2). Although solicited adverse events were common (60%), no subject experienced a serious adverse event requiring additional medical attention. Only 6% of subjects had a clinically significant increase in disease activity score, not impacted by vaccine timing. CONCLUSIONS: Serologic protection to @entity683 vaccine is achieved in only approximately 45% to 80% of @entity29 @entity1 on maintenance infliximab therapy varying by antigen. Yet, importantly, vaccine timing relative to infliximab infusion does not affect the achievement of serologic protection, and the @entity683 vaccine is well tolerated. Therefore, @entity683 vaccination at any point during infliximab scheduling is recommended for @entity1 with @entity29 and opportunities to broaden the availability and convenience of @entity683 vaccine to optimize coverage should be explored.

title: Immunogenicity of Influenza Vaccine for @entity1 with XXXX on Maintenance Infliximab Therapy: A Randomized Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['Inflammatory Bowel Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) on infliximab, data are limited on immune response to @entity683 vaccine and the impact of vaccine timing. The study aims were to evaluate immune responses to the @entity683 vaccine in @entity29 @entity1 on infliximab and the impact of vaccine timing on immune responses. METHODS: In this randomized study, 137 subjects with @entity29 on maintenance infliximab therapy were allocated to receive the 2012/2013 inactivated @entity683 vaccine at the time of infliximab infusion (n = 69) or midway between infusions (n = 68). Serum was collected before and after vaccination for hemagglutination inhibition titers. Serologic protection was defined by postvaccine titer of >= 1:40. RESULTS: Comparing subjects vaccinated at the time of infliximab with those vaccinated midway, serologic protection was achieved in 67% versus 66% to H1N1 (P = 0.8), in 43% versus 49% to H3N2 (P = 0.5), and in 69% versus 79% to @entity683 B (P = 0.2). Although solicited adverse events were common (60%), no subject experienced a serious adverse event requiring additional medical attention. Only 6% of subjects had a clinically significant increase in disease activity score, not impacted by vaccine timing. CONCLUSIONS: Serologic protection to @entity683 vaccine is achieved in only approximately 45% to 80% of @entity29 @entity1 on maintenance infliximab therapy varying by antigen. Yet, importantly, vaccine timing relative to infliximab infusion does not affect the achievement of serologic protection, and the @entity683 vaccine is well tolerated. Therefore, @entity683 vaccination at any point during infliximab scheduling is recommended for @entity1 with @entity29 and opportunities to broaden the availability and convenience of @entity683 vaccine to optimize coverage should be explored.

title: Immunogenicity of Influenza Vaccine for XXXX with @entity29 on Maintenance Infliximab Therapy: A Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of @entity4064 rehabilitation (LVR) in adults with @entity4064 ( @entity4064 ) in India using the Veterans Affairs Low Vision Visual Functioning Questionnaire (VA @entity4064 VFQ-48) and the Impact of Vision Impairment (IVI) questionnaire. METHODS: Consecutive adults with @entity4064 referred for the first time to the Centre for Sight Enhancement were administered the 28-item IVI and VA @entity4064 VFQ-48 before and after LVR (4 months). Rasch-scaled scores were generated for the IVI and the VA @entity4064 VFQ-48 along with each of their subscales at both the time points. @entity5562 ( @entity5562 ) was calculated using Cohen's d coefficient. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-five @entity1 completed the LVR program. Following LVR, the linear measures revealed significant improvements in vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) using the IVI at follow-up (P < 0.0001), with large @entity5562 for reading and accessing information ( @entity5562 = 1.0) and relatively moderate @entity5562 for overall IVI ( @entity5562 = 0.63) and mobility subscale ( @entity5562 = 0.53). No significant improvement was found on emotional well-being subscale ( @entity5562 = 0.18; P = 0.06). Similarly, significant improvements in VRQoL (P < 0.0001) were found for the VA @entity4064 VFQ-48 at follow-up, albeit moderate @entity5562 for the overall visual ability ( @entity5562 = -0.67) and its subscales (reading [ @entity5562 = -0.72], mobility [ @entity5562 = -0.45], visual information [ @entity5562 = -0.47), visual motor [ @entity5562 = -0.54]). CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the instrument used for assessment, our multidisciplinary LVR program resulted in statistically significant improvements in visual functioning and VRQoL of those adults with @entity4064 deemed appropriate for intervention (dropout rates were high); however, the improvements were modest, and the clinical relevance of these small improvements may be limited. Nonetheless, further studies should attempt to increase the completion rates in order to draw strong inferences.

title: Outcomes of XXXX Rehabilitation in Adults.

entities_list: @entity4064 :: ('MESH:D015354', 'Disease') :: ['low vision', 'LV', 'multidisciplinary low vision']

entities_list: @entity5562 :: ('MESH:D015875', 'Disease') :: ['Effect size', 'ES']

answer: @entity4064 :: (MESH:D015354,Disease) :: ['Multidisciplinary Low Vision']


abstract: Issue addressed @entity283 ( @entity283 ) is a lifestyle modification program that promotes healthy diet, physical activity and stress management techniques. Among US @entity283 @entity1 , differences in gender responsiveness to improvements in chronic disease risk factors were demonstrated. This study examined gender differences in outcomes to the @entity283 intervention in Australasia. Methods Changes in body weight, blood pressure (BP), blood lipid profile and fasting plasma @entity413 (FPG) were assessed in 925 @entity1 (34.3% @entity1 , mean age=56.0  12.5 years; 65.7% @entity1 , mean age=54.4  13.5 years) 30 days after program commencement. Results Significant reductions (P<0.001) in all biometrics measured were found for @entity1 and @entity1 but were greater among @entity1 for total (TC) and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL), @entity1674 (TG), FPG, body mass index (BMI) and TC/high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL) ratio. @entity1 with highest baseline classifications of BMI, systolic BP, blood lipids and FPG showed greatest reductions in 30 days. Conclusions @entity283 more effectively reduced chronic disease risk factors among @entity1 than @entity1 . All @entity1 , but particularly @entity1 , entering the program with the greatest risk achieved the largest reductions. Possible physiological or behavioural factors include food preferences, making commitments and differential support modes. So what? Developers of lifestyle intervention programs should consider gender differences in physiological and behavioural factors when planning interventions. In particular, developers should manage expectations of @entity1 entering lifestyle interventions to increase awareness that @entity1 tend to respond better than @entity1 . In addition, this is a call for further research to identify the underlying mechanisms responsible for the disproportionate responsiveness of males.

title: Gender differences in effectiveness of the @entity283 ( XXXX ) lifestyle intervention: an Australasian study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['CHIP', 'Complete Health Improvement Program']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity283 :: (OMIM:603663,Disease) :: ['CHIP']


abstract: Issue addressed @entity283 ( @entity283 ) is a lifestyle modification program that promotes healthy diet, physical activity and stress management techniques. Among US @entity283 @entity1 , differences in gender responsiveness to improvements in chronic disease risk factors were demonstrated. This study examined gender differences in outcomes to the @entity283 intervention in Australasia. Methods Changes in body weight, blood pressure (BP), blood lipid profile and fasting plasma @entity413 (FPG) were assessed in 925 @entity1 (34.3% @entity1 , mean age=56.0  12.5 years; 65.7% @entity1 , mean age=54.4  13.5 years) 30 days after program commencement. Results Significant reductions (P<0.001) in all biometrics measured were found for @entity1 and @entity1 but were greater among @entity1 for total (TC) and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL), @entity1674 (TG), FPG, body mass index (BMI) and TC/high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL) ratio. @entity1 with highest baseline classifications of BMI, systolic BP, blood lipids and FPG showed greatest reductions in 30 days. Conclusions @entity283 more effectively reduced chronic disease risk factors among @entity1 than @entity1 . All @entity1 , but particularly @entity1 , entering the program with the greatest risk achieved the largest reductions. Possible physiological or behavioural factors include food preferences, making commitments and differential support modes. So what? Developers of lifestyle intervention programs should consider gender differences in physiological and behavioural factors when planning interventions. In particular, developers should manage expectations of @entity1 entering lifestyle interventions to increase awareness that @entity1 tend to respond better than @entity1 . In addition, this is a call for further research to identify the underlying mechanisms responsible for the disproportionate responsiveness of males.

title: Gender differences in effectiveness of the XXXX ( @entity283 ) lifestyle intervention: an Australasian study.

answer: @entity283 :: (OMIM:603663,Disease) :: ['Complete Health Improvement Program']


abstract: In @entity740 ( @entity740 ), persistent (allo)immune-mediated inflammation eventually leads to tissue remodeling including @entity8233 formation in intragraft arteries. We previously showed that recipient-derived neointimal @entity1970 (+) smooth muscle-like cells are present in @entity1 renal allografts with @entity740 . @entity1 PBMC contain myeloid cells capable of differentiating into @entity1970 (+) cells in vitro; the phenotype of the ancestral subset is as yet unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether monocyte subsets contain cells with smooth muscle-like cell differentiation capacity and whether @entity740 in renal transplant recipients is associated with a shift in these monocyte subsets. To accomplish this goal, monocyte subsets from healthy controls were sorted based on @entity5750 and @entity4071 expression to investigate gene expression levels of mesenchymal markers @entity1970 and @entity15008 . @entity5750 (+)/ @entity4071 (++) monocytes displayed increased @entity1970 and @entity15008 mRNA expression compared with @entity5750 (++)/ @entity4071 (-) monocytes, suggesting increased differentiation potential toward smooth muscle-like cells. Flow cytometry revealed that in non- @entity740 transplant recipients the percentage of @entity5750 (+)/ @entity4071 (++) monocytes was reduced, with an even further reduction in @entity1 with @entity740 . To determine a potential correlation between @entity5750 (+)/ @entity4071 (++) monocytes and @entity1970 (+) cell outgrowth potential in vitro, PBMC of healthy controls and transplant recipients with and without @entity740 were cultured under fibrotic culture conditions, and indeed a significant correlation (p=0.0002, r=0.62) was observed. Finally, double staining for @entity1970 and @entity4071 revealed presence of @entity1970 (+) @entity4071 (+) cells in kidney explants from @entity740 @entity1 , albeit at very low numbers. Our data represent evidence that, compared to @entity5750 (++) @entity4071 (-) monocytes, @entity5750 (+) @entity4071 (++) monocytes have an increased expression of smooth muscle cell-associated genes. This monocyte subpopulation is reduced in renal transplant @entity1 with @entity740 , possibly due to selective migration into the allograft.

title: XXXX (+) monocytes with smooth muscle cell characteristics are reduced in @entity1 renal chronic transplant dysfunction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CTD', 'chronic transplant dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity8233 :: ('MESH:D058426', 'Disease') :: ['neointima']

answer: @entity4071 :: (2214,Gene) :: ['CD16']


abstract: In @entity740 ( @entity740 ), persistent (allo)immune-mediated inflammation eventually leads to tissue remodeling including @entity8233 formation in intragraft arteries. We previously showed that recipient-derived neointimal @entity1970 (+) smooth muscle-like cells are present in @entity1 renal allografts with @entity740 . @entity1 PBMC contain myeloid cells capable of differentiating into @entity1970 (+) cells in vitro; the phenotype of the ancestral subset is as yet unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether monocyte subsets contain cells with smooth muscle-like cell differentiation capacity and whether @entity740 in renal transplant recipients is associated with a shift in these monocyte subsets. To accomplish this goal, monocyte subsets from healthy controls were sorted based on @entity5750 and @entity4071 expression to investigate gene expression levels of mesenchymal markers @entity1970 and @entity15008 . @entity5750 (+)/ @entity4071 (++) monocytes displayed increased @entity1970 and @entity15008 mRNA expression compared with @entity5750 (++)/ @entity4071 (-) monocytes, suggesting increased differentiation potential toward smooth muscle-like cells. Flow cytometry revealed that in non- @entity740 transplant recipients the percentage of @entity5750 (+)/ @entity4071 (++) monocytes was reduced, with an even further reduction in @entity1 with @entity740 . To determine a potential correlation between @entity5750 (+)/ @entity4071 (++) monocytes and @entity1970 (+) cell outgrowth potential in vitro, PBMC of healthy controls and transplant recipients with and without @entity740 were cultured under fibrotic culture conditions, and indeed a significant correlation (p=0.0002, r=0.62) was observed. Finally, double staining for @entity1970 and @entity4071 revealed presence of @entity1970 (+) @entity4071 (+) cells in kidney explants from @entity740 @entity1 , albeit at very low numbers. Our data represent evidence that, compared to @entity5750 (++) @entity4071 (-) monocytes, @entity5750 (+) @entity4071 (++) monocytes have an increased expression of smooth muscle cell-associated genes. This monocyte subpopulation is reduced in renal transplant @entity1 with @entity740 , possibly due to selective migration into the allograft.

title: @entity4071 (+) monocytes with smooth muscle cell characteristics are reduced in XXXX renal chronic transplant dysfunction.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIMS: To assess the efficacy and safety of @entity1140 and @entity205 ( @entity9472 )-based immunosuppressive regimens in Chinese de novo kidney transplant recipients who are @entity5396 expressers. METHODS: The @entity5396 ( @entity5466 , @entity5469 ) polymorphism of eligible @entity1 was determined before transplantation. De novo kidney transplant recipients enrolled in this study were assigned to @entity1140 (Tac group) or @entity9472 ( @entity9472 group) based therapy. The follow-up period was 2  years. The incidence of acute rejection, @entity1 and graft survival rates, renal allograft function and post-transplant complications were compared. The intra-individual variability (IIV) of Tac and @entity9472 blood concentrations was analysed. Medication costs were also compared. The analysis was conducted on the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: A total of 72 @entity5396 expressers were enrolled, with 36 @entity1 in each group. AR incidence was higher in the Tac group (11.1% vs. 5.6%), but there was no significant difference (p  >  0.05). The 2-year @entity1 and graft survival was comparable, and renal function was comparable in the two groups. Notably, the Tac group presented a significantly higher incidence of BK viremia (22.2% vs. 5.6%, p  <  0.05) and BK viruria (38.9% vs. 16.7%, p  <  0.05) than the @entity9472 group. The @entity9472 IIV at 1 and 3  months post-transplant was significantly lower than the Tac IIV (p  <  0.05). The medical costs of both immunosuppressive drugs and management of complications was significantly lower in the @entity9472 group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity205 -based maintenance therapy is safe for Chinese de novo kidney transplant recipients who are @entity5396 expressers. @entity9472 significantly reduced medication costs and decreased @entity8999 infection, suggesting that it is more beneficial for this specific population.

title: Comparison of @entity1140 and XXXX in @entity5396 expressing Chinese de novo kidney transplant recipients: a 2-year prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A', 'Cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporin A']


abstract: AIMS: To assess the efficacy and safety of @entity1140 and @entity205 ( @entity9472 )-based immunosuppressive regimens in Chinese de novo kidney transplant recipients who are @entity5396 expressers. METHODS: The @entity5396 ( @entity5466 , @entity5469 ) polymorphism of eligible @entity1 was determined before transplantation. De novo kidney transplant recipients enrolled in this study were assigned to @entity1140 (Tac group) or @entity9472 ( @entity9472 group) based therapy. The follow-up period was 2  years. The incidence of acute rejection, @entity1 and graft survival rates, renal allograft function and post-transplant complications were compared. The intra-individual variability (IIV) of Tac and @entity9472 blood concentrations was analysed. Medication costs were also compared. The analysis was conducted on the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: A total of 72 @entity5396 expressers were enrolled, with 36 @entity1 in each group. AR incidence was higher in the Tac group (11.1% vs. 5.6%), but there was no significant difference (p  >  0.05). The 2-year @entity1 and graft survival was comparable, and renal function was comparable in the two groups. Notably, the Tac group presented a significantly higher incidence of BK viremia (22.2% vs. 5.6%, p  <  0.05) and BK viruria (38.9% vs. 16.7%, p  <  0.05) than the @entity9472 group. The @entity9472 IIV at 1 and 3  months post-transplant was significantly lower than the Tac IIV (p  <  0.05). The medical costs of both immunosuppressive drugs and management of complications was significantly lower in the @entity9472 group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity205 -based maintenance therapy is safe for Chinese de novo kidney transplant recipients who are @entity5396 expressers. @entity9472 significantly reduced medication costs and decreased @entity8999 infection, suggesting that it is more beneficial for this specific population.

title: Comparison of @entity1140 and @entity205 in XXXX expressing Chinese de novo kidney transplant recipients: a 2-year prospective study.

answer: @entity5396 :: (1577,Gene) :: ['CYP3A5']


abstract: AIMS: To assess the efficacy and safety of @entity1140 and @entity205 ( @entity9472 )-based immunosuppressive regimens in Chinese de novo kidney transplant recipients who are @entity5396 expressers. METHODS: The @entity5396 ( @entity5466 , @entity5469 ) polymorphism of eligible @entity1 was determined before transplantation. De novo kidney transplant recipients enrolled in this study were assigned to @entity1140 (Tac group) or @entity9472 ( @entity9472 group) based therapy. The follow-up period was 2  years. The incidence of acute rejection, @entity1 and graft survival rates, renal allograft function and post-transplant complications were compared. The intra-individual variability (IIV) of Tac and @entity9472 blood concentrations was analysed. Medication costs were also compared. The analysis was conducted on the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: A total of 72 @entity5396 expressers were enrolled, with 36 @entity1 in each group. AR incidence was higher in the Tac group (11.1% vs. 5.6%), but there was no significant difference (p  >  0.05). The 2-year @entity1 and graft survival was comparable, and renal function was comparable in the two groups. Notably, the Tac group presented a significantly higher incidence of BK viremia (22.2% vs. 5.6%, p  <  0.05) and BK viruria (38.9% vs. 16.7%, p  <  0.05) than the @entity9472 group. The @entity9472 IIV at 1 and 3  months post-transplant was significantly lower than the Tac IIV (p  <  0.05). The medical costs of both immunosuppressive drugs and management of complications was significantly lower in the @entity9472 group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity205 -based maintenance therapy is safe for Chinese de novo kidney transplant recipients who are @entity5396 expressers. @entity9472 significantly reduced medication costs and decreased @entity8999 infection, suggesting that it is more beneficial for this specific population.

title: Comparison of XXXX and @entity205 in @entity5396 expressing Chinese de novo kidney transplant recipients: a 2-year prospective study.

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: @entity3069 intracellulare strain LR25 carries three plasmids with molecular weights of 11.2, 18.3 and 107 X 10(6) as determined by electron microscopy. A number of phages propagated on @entity7666 ATCC 607 were tested for their ability to infect strain LR25. Phage JF2 gave an efficiency of plating of 10(-4) on strain LR25, but phage JF2 propagated on strain LR25 infected strain LR25 and @entity7666 with equal high efficiency. This indicated the presence of a restriction-modification (R-M) system in strain LR25 that was not present in @entity7666 LR25 was grown in the presence of @entity11381 to eliminate the plasmids and tested for sensitivity to phage JF2. One of forty colonies was found to be R-M-deficient. This strain, designated strain LR163, lacks the three plasmids present in strain LR25. The results indicate that the R-M system is plasmid-coded. Strain LR163 was sensitive to several phages to which strain LR25 was resistant and for which we were unable to isolate modified phage. This suggests that some plasmid-coded function in addition to restriction is involved. An R-M system was also demonstrated in @entity3069 intracellulare strain LR131 using phage JF1. This strain does not carry plasmids.

title: Evidence for plasmid-mediated restriction-modification in XXXX intracellulare.

entities_list: @entity7666 :: ('1772', 'Species') :: ['Mycobacterium smegmatis', 'M. smegmatis. Strain', 'M. smegmatis']

entities_list: @entity3069 :: ('1764', 'Species') :: ['M. avium', 'Mycobacterium avium']

entities_list: @entity11381 :: ('MESH:D000167', 'Chemical') :: ['acriflavine']

answer: @entity3069 :: (1764,Species) :: ['Mycobacterium avium']


abstract: In recent years, @entity16988 has increasingly been used in pollution monitoring studies. In order to assess its response to some particular widespread pollutants, juveniles of @entity16988 were administered an intraperitoneal injection of the model aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist b-naphtoflavone (bNF) and chemicals of environmental concern, such as the fungicide @entity3102 (KETO), the lipid regulator @entity8445 (GEM), the surfactant @entity1301 (NP) and the synthetic hormone @entity2082 ( @entity7869 ). Two days after injection, the effect of these chemicals was followed up as alterations of hepatic microsomal activities of the cytochrome P450 (CYPs) and associated reductases, carboxylesterases (CbEs) and the conjugation enzyme @entity858 glucuronyltransferase (UDPGT). In the cytosolic fraction of the liver, the effect on CbEs, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and antioxidant activities was also considered. Alterations on the endocrine reproductive system were evaluated by plasma levels of vitellogenin (VTG) and the sex steroids estradiol (E2), @entity251 (T), @entity5444 (11KT) and the progestin 17a,20b-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20b-P). Injection with the model compound bNF induced the hydrolysis rate of the seven CYP substrates assayed. The xenobiotic GEM induced three CYP-related activities (e.g. ECOD) and UDPGT, but depressed antioxidant defenses. @entity7869 induced four CYPs, more significantly ECOD and BFCOD activities. The xenoestrogens NP and @entity7869 altered the activities of CbE in microsomes and catalase, and were the only treatments that induced de novo VTG synthesis. In addition, the progestin 17,20b-P, was induced in NP-injected fish. None of the treatments caused statistically significant effects on @entity134 plasma levels. In conclusion, the CYP substrates assayed responded specifically to treatments and juveniles of @entity16988 appear good candidates for assessing xenobiotics exposure.

title: Effects of selected xenobiotics on hepatic and plasmatic biomarkers in juveniles of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity5444 :: ('MESH:C003600', 'Chemical') :: ['11-ketotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity16988 :: ('28829', 'Species') :: ['S. senegalensis', 'Solea senegalensis']

entities_list: @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethinylestradiol']

entities_list: @entity858 :: ('MESH:D014530', 'Chemical') :: ['uridine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1301 :: ('MESH:C025256', 'Chemical') :: ['nonylphenol']

entities_list: @entity8445 :: ('MESH:D015248', 'Chemical') :: ['gemfibrozil']

answer: @entity16988 :: (28829,Species) :: ['Solea senegalensis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We tested if serum lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 levels are associated with longitudinal measures of @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in 1289 African ancestry @entity1 . After 6  years of mean follow-up, @entity1 with clinically optimal levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or @entity1674 at baseline experienced the greatest @entity79 loss, independent of potential confounding factors (all p   <   0.05). INTRODUCTION: Studies of lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 associations with @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and @entity604 have been inconclusive, and longitudinal data are sparse. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test if fasting serum lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 levels are associated with areal and volumetric @entity79 and @entity79 change. METHODS: We determined the association of serum @entity1674 , high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 concentrations with cross-sectional and longitudinal (mean follow-up, 6.1  years) measures of @entity79 in a cohort of 1289 in African ancestry @entity1 (mean age, 56.4  years). Fasting serum @entity1674 , HDL, and LDL were measured at baseline concurrent with @entity79 assessments. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to quantify integral hip @entity79 , and peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the radius and tibia was used to quantify volumetric @entity79 . @entity1 were categorized as optimal, borderline, or high risk for @entity412 , HDL, and LDL concentrations based on Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. RESULTS: Lower serum @entity412 or LDL and higher HDL concentrations were associated with lower trabecular @entity79 at baseline (all p   <   0.05). Similarly, @entity1 classified as having optimal levels of LDL, HDL, or @entity1674 at baseline experienced the greatest integral @entity79 loss at the hip and trabecular @entity79 loss at the tibia (all p   <   0.05), independent of potential confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: We found that clinically optimal serum lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 concentrations were associated with accelerated @entity604 among Afro-Caribbean @entity1 . Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms involved and potential clinical significance of these findings.

title: Optimal serum @entity165 concentrations are associated with accelerated XXXX in African ancestry @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity604 :: (MESH:D016301,Disease) :: ['bone loss']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We tested if serum lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 levels are associated with longitudinal measures of @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in 1289 African ancestry @entity1 . After 6  years of mean follow-up, @entity1 with clinically optimal levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or @entity1674 at baseline experienced the greatest @entity79 loss, independent of potential confounding factors (all p   <   0.05). INTRODUCTION: Studies of lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 associations with @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and @entity604 have been inconclusive, and longitudinal data are sparse. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test if fasting serum lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 levels are associated with areal and volumetric @entity79 and @entity79 change. METHODS: We determined the association of serum @entity1674 , high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 concentrations with cross-sectional and longitudinal (mean follow-up, 6.1  years) measures of @entity79 in a cohort of 1289 in African ancestry @entity1 (mean age, 56.4  years). Fasting serum @entity1674 , HDL, and LDL were measured at baseline concurrent with @entity79 assessments. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to quantify integral hip @entity79 , and peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the radius and tibia was used to quantify volumetric @entity79 . @entity1 were categorized as optimal, borderline, or high risk for @entity412 , HDL, and LDL concentrations based on Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. RESULTS: Lower serum @entity412 or LDL and higher HDL concentrations were associated with lower trabecular @entity79 at baseline (all p   <   0.05). Similarly, @entity1 classified as having optimal levels of LDL, HDL, or @entity1674 at baseline experienced the greatest integral @entity79 loss at the hip and trabecular @entity79 loss at the tibia (all p   <   0.05), independent of potential confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: We found that clinically optimal serum lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 concentrations were associated with accelerated @entity604 among Afro-Caribbean @entity1 . Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms involved and potential clinical significance of these findings.

title: Optimal serum XXXX concentrations are associated with accelerated @entity604 in African ancestry @entity1 .

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We tested if serum lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 levels are associated with longitudinal measures of @entity79 ( @entity79 ) in 1289 African ancestry @entity1 . After 6  years of mean follow-up, @entity1 with clinically optimal levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or @entity1674 at baseline experienced the greatest @entity79 loss, independent of potential confounding factors (all p   <   0.05). INTRODUCTION: Studies of lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 associations with @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and @entity604 have been inconclusive, and longitudinal data are sparse. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test if fasting serum lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 levels are associated with areal and volumetric @entity79 and @entity79 change. METHODS: We determined the association of serum @entity1674 , high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 concentrations with cross-sectional and longitudinal (mean follow-up, 6.1  years) measures of @entity79 in a cohort of 1289 in African ancestry @entity1 (mean age, 56.4  years). Fasting serum @entity1674 , HDL, and LDL were measured at baseline concurrent with @entity79 assessments. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to quantify integral hip @entity79 , and peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the radius and tibia was used to quantify volumetric @entity79 . @entity1 were categorized as optimal, borderline, or high risk for @entity412 , HDL, and LDL concentrations based on Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. RESULTS: Lower serum @entity412 or LDL and higher HDL concentrations were associated with lower trabecular @entity79 at baseline (all p   <   0.05). Similarly, @entity1 classified as having optimal levels of LDL, HDL, or @entity1674 at baseline experienced the greatest integral @entity79 loss at the hip and trabecular @entity79 loss at the tibia (all p   <   0.05), independent of potential confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: We found that clinically optimal serum lipid and lipoprotein @entity165 concentrations were associated with accelerated @entity604 among Afro-Caribbean @entity1 . Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms involved and potential clinical significance of these findings.

title: Optimal serum @entity165 concentrations are associated with accelerated @entity604 in African ancestry XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: The authors have developed a kinetic dye test protocol that aims to predict the competitive adsorption of @entity38804 ( @entity1758 ) to granular activated carbons (GACs). The kinetic dye test takes about two hours to perform, and produces a quantitative result, fitted to a model to yield an @entity9468 ( @entity9468 ) during the earlier times of dye sorption. The dye @entity23282 orange was probed into six coconut-based GACs and five bituminous-based GACs that hosted varied pore distributions. Correlations between @entity23282 orange IDCs and breakthrough of @entity1758 at 4  ppt in rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) were found with R(2)s of 0.85 and 0.95 for coconut carbons that processed waters with total organic @entity505 (TOCs) of 1.9 and 2.2  ppm, respectively, and with an R(2) of 0.94 for bituminous carbons that processed waters with a TOC of 2.5  ppm. The author sought to study the influence of the pore sizes, which provide the adsorption sites and the diffusion conduits that are necessary for the removal of those compounds. For coconut carbons, a linear correlation was established between the @entity23282 orange IDCs and the volume of pores in the range of 23.4-31.8     widths (R(2)  =  0.98). For bituminous carbons, best correlation was to pores ranging from 74 to 93     widths (R(2)  =  0.94). The differences in adsorption between coconut carbons and bituminous carbons have been attributed to the inherently dissimilar @entity15583 layering resulting from the parent materials and the activation processes. When @entity941 dye was employed in the kinetic dye tests, the correlations to @entity1758 performance were not as high as when @entity23282 orange was used. Intriguingly, it was the same pore size ranges that exhibited the strongest correlation for @entity1758 RSSCT's, @entity23282 orange kinetics, and fluoroscein kinetics. When @entity6693 dye was used, sorption occurred so rapidly as to be out of the scope of the @entity9468 model.

title: A rapid kinetic dye test to predict the adsorption of XXXX onto granular activated carbons and to identify the influence of pore volume distributions.

entities_list: @entity6693 :: ('MESH:D008751', 'Chemical') :: ['methylene blue']

entities_list: @entity38804 :: ('MESH:C005536', 'Chemical') :: ['2-methylisoborneol']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity9468 :: ('MESH:D014717', 'Disease') :: ['IDC', 'Intraparticle Diffusion Constant']

answer: @entity38804 :: (MESH:C005536,Chemical) :: ['2-methylisoborneol']