abstract: 1. @entity973 ( @entity974 ) and @entity5128 ions ( @entity1041 ), which block voltage-dependent @entity972 channels in other nerve membranes, have been used to study nerve conduction in fibres of normal @entity35 spinal roots and those demyelinated with @entity7394 toxin. The pharmacological actions have been compared with those of temperature. 2. Both @entity1041 and @entity974 increased the amplitude and duration of the monophasically recorded compound action potentials of non-myelinated fibres in normal @entity35 dorsal roots. Enhancement of the action potential amplitude by @entity974 was maximal near 1 mM, and was not readily reversed by washing. At concentrations up to 50 mM the action of @entity1041 was weaker and reversible. 3. In normal dorsal and ventral roots @entity1041 (20 mM) and @entity974 (5 mM) had only a mildly depressant action on the compound action potentials of myelinated fibres. Whereas the slight reduction in peak amplitude and increase in width was also found in a single fibres treated with @entity1041 , none was discerned in single fibres exposed to @entity974 over a wide temperature range. 4. It is concluded that voltage-dependent @entity972 channels occur in significant numbers in @entity1 non-myelinated fibres, but not at nodes of Ranvier. 5. Spinal roots previously treated with @entity7394 toxin to cause @entity17 were studied by longitudinal current analysis. Fibres affected by @entity7394 toxin had a late phase of outward current, either restricted to nodes or, in the case of continuous conduction, distributed along internodes, and this outward current was specifically blocked by @entity974 . 6. Both @entity974 and @entity1041 increased the temperature at which conduction block occurred in most single demyelinated fibres, so that in some cases fibres blocked at physiological temperatures were enabled to conduct. @entity974 was more potent than @entity1041 , but less consistent in its effect. 7. It is concluded that @entity972 channels are present at widened nodes and in internodal axolemma exposed by @entity17 . Their presence enables @entity1041 and @entity974 to overcome conduction block in some @entity17 .

title: The effects of @entity973 and @entity5128 ions on normal and demyelinated XXXX nerve fibres.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9818 ( @entity9818 ) often represent a challenge for clinicians, because clinical, laboratory and even genetic features are not always sufficient to distinguish among different @entity9818 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying an acute case of TMA with features of both @entity2106 and @entity1381 . @entity1 /METHODS: We report the case of a 49-year-old @entity1 who developed an acute TMA with neurologic involvement and no @entity8 . @entity2105 , @entity2881 and complement-system biochemical characterization was performed on acute phase samples. Exome sequencing and direct Sanger sequencing of previously aHUS-associated genes were performed. The functional consequences of the @entity9820 ( @entity9820 ) mutation were investigated by in vitro expression studies. RESULTS: Despite a clinical diagnosis of @entity2106 , the @entity1 had normal @entity2105 levels and increased @entity2881 antigen levels with ultra-large @entity2881 multimers. C3, @entity71435 (CFI) were normal. Molecular analysis confirmed two novel heterozygous mutations in CFI ( @entity71436 , @entity60960 ) and @entity9820 ( @entity71437 , @entity71438 ) and in vitro expression studies showed a reduction in the generation of TAFIa caused by mutated @entity9820 . This pro-inflammatory condition, associated with the @entity60960 mutation in CFI, probably leads to a complement-mediated endothelial activation, with a relevant prothrombotic potential in case of transient environmental triggers. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the first case of acute TMA without @entity8 but with @entity16 carrying two novel mutations in complement-regulator genes, highlighting the possible role of the complement system as a common pathogenetic mechanism in @entity9818 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: A case report of @entity9818 without XXXX carrying two novel mutations in complement-regulator genes.

entities_list: @entity9818 :: ('MESH:D057049', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombotic microangiopathies', 'TMAs']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal involvement', 'renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological damage']

entities_list: @entity9820 :: ('7056', 'Gene') :: ['thrombomodulin', 'THBD']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura', 'TTP']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal involvement']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9818 ( @entity9818 ) often represent a challenge for clinicians, because clinical, laboratory and even genetic features are not always sufficient to distinguish among different @entity9818 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying an acute case of TMA with features of both @entity2106 and @entity1381 . @entity1 /METHODS: We report the case of a 49-year-old @entity1 who developed an acute TMA with neurologic involvement and no @entity8 . @entity2105 , @entity2881 and complement-system biochemical characterization was performed on acute phase samples. Exome sequencing and direct Sanger sequencing of previously aHUS-associated genes were performed. The functional consequences of the @entity9820 ( @entity9820 ) mutation were investigated by in vitro expression studies. RESULTS: Despite a clinical diagnosis of @entity2106 , the @entity1 had normal @entity2105 levels and increased @entity2881 antigen levels with ultra-large @entity2881 multimers. C3, @entity71435 (CFI) were normal. Molecular analysis confirmed two novel heterozygous mutations in CFI ( @entity71436 , @entity60960 ) and @entity9820 ( @entity71437 , @entity71438 ) and in vitro expression studies showed a reduction in the generation of TAFIa caused by mutated @entity9820 . This pro-inflammatory condition, associated with the @entity60960 mutation in CFI, probably leads to a complement-mediated endothelial activation, with a relevant prothrombotic potential in case of transient environmental triggers. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the first case of acute TMA without @entity8 but with @entity16 carrying two novel mutations in complement-regulator genes, highlighting the possible role of the complement system as a common pathogenetic mechanism in @entity9818 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: A case report of XXXX without @entity8 carrying two novel mutations in complement-regulator genes.

answer: @entity9818 :: (MESH:D057049,Disease) :: ['thrombotic microangiopathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nanoscopic synchrotron X-ray imaging was performed on scalp hair samples of @entity1 with @entity0 and healthy individuals to investigate any structural differences as diagnostic tool. Hair strands were divided into 2-3 segments along the strands from root to tip, followed by imaging either in projection or in CT scanning with a monochromatic 6.78-keV X-ray using zone-plate optics with a resolving power of 60 nm. All the examined @entity5 hairs exhibited medulla loss with @entity5 stage-dependent pattern; complete loss, discontinuous or trace along the strands. In contrast, medullas were well retained without complete loss in the healthy hair. In the CT-scanned axial images, the cortical spindle compartments had no contrast in the healthy hair, but appeared hypointense in contrast to the surrounding hyperintense cortical membrane complex in the @entity5 hair. In conclusion, observation of medulla loss and cortical membrane enhancements in the hair strands of @entity0 @entity1 @entity5 hair, providing a new platform for further synchrotron X-ray imaging study of screening @entity0 @entity1 . Microsc. Res. Tech., 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Synchrotron nanoscopy imaging study of scalp hair in XXXX @entity1 and healthy individuals: Difference in medulla loss and cortical membrane enhancements.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'demonstrated structural variations in the cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nanoscopic synchrotron X-ray imaging was performed on scalp hair samples of @entity1 with @entity0 and healthy individuals to investigate any structural differences as diagnostic tool. Hair strands were divided into 2-3 segments along the strands from root to tip, followed by imaging either in projection or in CT scanning with a monochromatic 6.78-keV X-ray using zone-plate optics with a resolving power of 60 nm. All the examined @entity5 hairs exhibited medulla loss with @entity5 stage-dependent pattern; complete loss, discontinuous or trace along the strands. In contrast, medullas were well retained without complete loss in the healthy hair. In the CT-scanned axial images, the cortical spindle compartments had no contrast in the healthy hair, but appeared hypointense in contrast to the surrounding hyperintense cortical membrane complex in the @entity5 hair. In conclusion, observation of medulla loss and cortical membrane enhancements in the hair strands of @entity0 @entity1 @entity5 hair, providing a new platform for further synchrotron X-ray imaging study of screening @entity0 @entity1 . Microsc. Res. Tech., 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Synchrotron nanoscopy imaging study of scalp hair in @entity0 XXXX and healthy individuals: Difference in medulla loss and cortical membrane enhancements.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity850 of the aqueduct of Sylvius accounts for about one third of cases of @entity1276 . At least 32 families have been reported in which the @entity1276 is inherited in an X linked fashion. In half of these families, flexed adducted thumbs were noted in some affected family members. Occasionally other male members were @entity1032 , suggesting limited expression of the gene. The problem of giving genetic advice to an isolated, clinically unremarkable, case of @entity1276 remains, so a family study was undertaken based on 24 such cases seen at The Hospital for Sick @entity1 over a 19-year period. There were 15 male and nine female index @entity1 . The diagnosis was confirmed in all cases by air encephalogram. One @entity1 had a radial club hand and another developed clasped thumbs secondary to @entity508 . No cases had @entity1141 . The 15 @entity1 had 18 brothers and 19 sisters, of whom one sister was similarly affected. The nine @entity1 had 12 sibs, none of whom was affected. This study, combined with a similar study in the USA, suggests that the empirical risk of recurrence of a sporadic case of @entity1276 is about 4.5%.

title: A family study of @entity1276 resulting from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'boy', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mentally retarded']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['congenital hydrocephalus', 'aqueduct stenosis']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['Stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['hyaloidoretinal dysplasia']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['aqueduct stenosis']


abstract: @entity850 of the aqueduct of Sylvius accounts for about one third of cases of @entity1276 . At least 32 families have been reported in which the @entity1276 is inherited in an X linked fashion. In half of these families, flexed adducted thumbs were noted in some affected family members. Occasionally other male members were @entity1032 , suggesting limited expression of the gene. The problem of giving genetic advice to an isolated, clinically unremarkable, case of @entity1276 remains, so a family study was undertaken based on 24 such cases seen at The Hospital for Sick @entity1 over a 19-year period. There were 15 male and nine female index @entity1 . The diagnosis was confirmed in all cases by air encephalogram. One @entity1 had a radial club hand and another developed clasped thumbs secondary to @entity508 . No cases had @entity1141 . The 15 @entity1 had 18 brothers and 19 sisters, of whom one sister was similarly affected. The nine @entity1 had 12 sibs, none of whom was affected. This study, combined with a similar study in the USA, suggests that the empirical risk of recurrence of a sporadic case of @entity1276 is about 4.5%.

title: A family study of XXXX resulting from @entity1276 .

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['hydrocephalus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study presents the preliminary results of a new arthroscopic technique consisting of the association of 2 procedures, capsulolabral repair and subscapularis augmentation tenodesis, in the treatment of traumatic anterior shoulder instability with both glenoid @entity604 and a @entity1051 . METHODS: Eighty-nine @entity1 engaged in sports were enrolled in this retrospective case-series study with 2 to 5  years' follow-up. All @entity1 underwent a computed tomography scan to assess the percentage of glenoid @entity604 by the Pico method. A prior stabilization procedure had failed in 20 @entity1 , who were then segregated into a different group. Visual analog scale (VAS), Rowe, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores were used to assess the results. RESULTS: Only 3 of 89 @entity1 had a post-traumatic redislocation. The mean length of follow-up was 31.5  months (range, 25-60  months). The VAS, Rowe, and ASES scores showed significant improvements: The VAS score decreased from a mean of 3.1 to 0.5 (P  =  .0157), the Rowe score increased from 58.9 to 94.1 (P  =  .0215), and the ASES score increased from 68.5 to 95.5 (P  =  .0197). The mean deficit of external rotation was 6   with the arm at the side of the trunk, and the mean deficit was 3   with the arm in 90   of abduction. CONCLUSIONS: The described procedure is a reproducible and effective technique used to restore joint stability in @entity1 engaged in sports who have incurred anterior recurrent @entity2065 associated with glenoid @entity604 (<25%) and a @entity1051 .

title: Arthroscopic Bankart repair and subscapularis augmentation: an alternative technique treating anterior shoulder instability with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1051 :: ('MESH:D013661', 'Disease') :: ['Hill-Sachs lesion']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity2065 :: ('MESH:D012783', 'Disease') :: ['shoulder dislocation']

answer: @entity604 :: (MESH:D016301,Disease) :: ['bone loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Hepatic hydatid cyst is a major health problem in endemic areas. Surgery is still the best choice for treatment of the hydatid @entity96 . However, it is still associated with high mortality and morbidity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive factors for specific morbidity after conservative surgical treatment of the hydatid @entity96 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 120 @entity1 who underwent conservative surgical treatment between 2001 and 2011 were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Of the 120 @entity1 , 64 were female subjects and 56 male subjects; the median age was 33years (14-83years). The mortality rate was 0%. The overall morbidity rate was 26.6%. The specific morbidity rate was 16.6%. The major specific complications were @entity281 of the residual cavity in 10 cases and an external @entity3116 in eight cases. The predictive factors of morbidity in univariate analysis were bilious cyst content, location of the cyst in the hepatic dome, and size >10cm. After multivariate analysis, only the size of the cyst was an independent predictive factor of morbidity. CONCLUSION: The size of the cyst was the significant predictor of morbidity of conservative surgery for liver hydatid cyst.

title: Predictive factors of morbidity after surgical treatment of hydatid XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3116 :: ('MESH:D001658', 'Disease') :: ['biliary fistula']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['cyst of the liver']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['cyst of the liver']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In TNM classification, factors determining the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) component in @entity1149 have scarcely changed over time and are still based solely on anatomical features. Our objective was to study the influence of these and other morphopathological factors on survival. METHODS: A total of 263 @entity1 undergoing lung resection due to stage I @entity1149  <=3cm in diameter were studied. A survival analysis and competing-risk estimate study was made on the basis of clinical, surgical and pathological variables using actuarial analysis and accumulative incidence methods, respectively. A risk model was then generated from the results. RESULTS: Survival at 5 and 10 years was 79.8 and 74.3%, respectively. The best prognostic factors were presence of symptoms, smoking habit and FEV1>60%, number of resected nodes>7, squamous histology, @entity1350 , absence of visceral pleural invasion and presence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus. All these were statistically significant according to the actuarial method. The factor "age<50 years" was close to the margin of statistical significance. Pleural invasion and vascular invasion were entered in the multivariate analysis. The competing-risk analysis showed a probability of @entity204 due to @entity5 of 14.3 and 35.1% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Significant variables in the univariate and multivariate analyses were similar, with the exception of FEV1>60%. CONCLUSIONS: Pleural invasion and vascular invasion determine survival or risk of @entity204 due to @entity1149  <=3cm and can be used for generating a predictive risk model.

title: Prognostic Factors in XXXX Less Than 3 Centimeters: Actuarial Analysis, Accumulative Incidence and Risk Groups.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'T', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1350 :: ('MESH:D019043', 'Disease') :: ['absence of vascular invasion']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: Nanofibrillar cellulose is a very promising innovation with diverse potential applications including high quality paper, coatings, and drug delivery carriers. The production of nanofibrillar cellulose on an industrial scale may lead to increased exposure to nanofibrillar cellulose both in the working environment and the general environment. Assessment of the potential health effects following exposure to nanofibrillar cellulose is therefore required. However, as nanofibrillar cellulose primarily consists of @entity413 moieties, detection of nanofibrillar cellulose in biological tissues is difficult. We have developed a simple and robust method for specific and sensitive detection of cellulose fibers, including nanofibrillar cellulose, in biological tissue, using a biotinylated @entity1735 binding module (CBM) of b-1,4-glycanase (EXG:CBM) from the bacterium @entity54893 . EXG:CBM was expressed in @entity526 , purified, and biotinylated. EXG:CBM was shown to bind quantitatively to five different cellulose fibers including four different nanofibrillar celluloses. Biotinylated EXG:CBM was used to visualize cellulose fibers by either fluorescence- or @entity1641 radish peroxidase (HRP)-tagged avidin labeling. The HRP-EXG:CBM complex was used to visualize cellulose fibers in both cryopreserved and paraffin embedded lung tissue from @entity19 dosed by pharyngeal aspiration with 10-200  g/ @entity19 . Detection was shown to be highly specific, and the assay appeared very robust. The present method represents a novel concept for the design of simple, robust, and highly specific detection methods for the detection of nanomaterials, which are otherwise difficult to visualize.

title: Visualization of Nanofibrillar Cellulose in Biological Tissues Using a Biotinylated XXXX Binding Module of b-1,4-Glycanase.

entities_list: @entity54893 :: ('1708', 'Species') :: ['Cellulomonas fimi']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Eschericia coli']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['Carbohydrate']


abstract: Dentally induced stress and relaxation-induced @entity148 recently have been correlated with salivary changes in private @entity1 treated by a solo endodontist. Hypnosis was shown to be more effective than local anesthesia in @entity148 . Dental students and clinic @entity1 were employed in this study in an attempt to replicate the previous findings. One additional salivary variable (pH) was examined. Twenty-nine endodontic clinic @entity1 were treated, each by a different dental student. The @entity1 completed dental @entity148 questionnaires and had salivary samples taken prior to, and at the conclusion of, their initial endodontic treatments. @entity158 and @entity148 were managed using local anesthesia, hypnosis, or @entity3810 - @entity26 , either alone or in combination. There were significant @entity148 changes by the conclusion of the visits (p less than 0.001) as measured by increased salivary volume, increased salivary translucency, reduced salivary protein, increased salivary pH and reduced questionnaire-determined @entity148 level. Hypnosis and @entity3810 - @entity26 were significantly more effective (p less than 0.05) than local anesthesia in @entity148 as measured by salivary changes and questionnaires. It can be concluded that saliva is an easily obtained fluid that can be used to determine levels of stress and relaxation.

title: Stress, relaxation and saliva: a follow-up study involving clinical endodontic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety-reduction', 'anxiety', 'anxiety reduction']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity189 ( @entity189 ) of the colorectum is known as a rare variant with favorable prognosis despite its poorly differentiated morphology. The mechanism of its favorable behavior has been unclear. Here, we compared the expressions of adhesion molecules and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins in the central portion and invasive front between 43 MCs and 30 @entity420 ( @entity420 ). The expressions of membranous @entity5962 (P < .0001), @entity3546 (P < .0001) and @entity3670 (P = .0036) were significantly preserved in the invasive front of the MCs compared to those in the invasive front of the @entity420 . @entity5962 membranous expression was also significantly preserved in the central portion of the MCs (P = .0178). Nuclear @entity3546 expression in both the central portion (P = .0463) and invasive front (P = .0346) of the MCs was significantly less frequent compared to that in the @entity420 . Snail (P = .0035) and @entity8945 (P = .0463) expressions in the invasive front of the MCs were significantly less frequent compared to the @entity420 , suggesting that the EMT phenomenon may occur rarely in colorectal @entity189 . Reduced membranous @entity5962 expression in the @entity189 central portion was significantly correlated with poor clinical outcome (P = .0086). Our immunohistochemical results indicate that preserved adhesion molecule protein and less frequent expression of EMT-related transcription factors in the invasive front contribute to the favorable prognosis of colorectal MCs. We suggest that a reduced expression of @entity5962 in the central portion might be a good biomarker for an unfavorable prognosis in cases of @entity189 .

title: Expression of adhesion molecules and epithelial-mesenchymal transition factors in XXXX of the colorectum.

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Medullary carcinoma', 'MC']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['PDAs', 'poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['medullary carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Itching, burning, @entity1183 and tingling of the skin are frequent reasons for dermatology consultation. We hypothesized that these sensations may be attributable to a small-fibre @entity16 . Sweating, which is mediated by small nerve fibres, may be a surrogate marker of small-fibre @entity16 . OBJECTIVES: To investigate the results of @entity1062 ( @entity1062 ), which depicts and estimates whole-body sweating, in @entity1 with itching, burning, @entity1109 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 227 @entity1 with itching, burning, @entity1109 involving the skin who were seen at our institution during 2008 and also underwent @entity1062 . RESULTS: The mean age of the cohort was 54  years (range 3-89), and 58% were female. In all, 149 @entity1 (66%) had abnormal @entity1062 results; in 119 (80%) of these @entity1 the areas of @entity3797 on @entity1062 corresponded to their symptomatic areas. For each symptom analysed separately, the area of @entity3797 correlated with the area of symptoms in most @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with burning, itching, @entity1183 and tingling have abnormal sweating patterns and often do not sweat in the symptomatic areas. These novel findings suggest that a small-fibre @entity16 may underlie many cutaneous symptoms and that the @entity16 can be estimated using @entity1062 .

title: Abnormal sweating patterns associated with itching, burning and tingling of the skin indicate possible underlying small-fibre XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['numbness and tingling sensations']

entities_list: @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['TST', 'thermoregulatory sweat testing']

entities_list: @entity3797 :: ('MESH:D007007', 'Disease') :: ['anhidrosis']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['neuropathy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of Chinese propolis on the expression level of neurotrophic factors in dental pulp cells (DPCs). We also investigated that the effects of the conditioned medium (CM) of DPCs stimulated by the propolis against oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses in @entity1 @entity521 SH-SY5Y cells, and on @entity527 extensions in @entity35 adrenal pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. To investigate the effect of the propolis on the levels of neurotrophic factors in DPCs, we performed a qRT-PCR experiment. As results, NGF, but not @entity2136 and NT-3, in DPCs was significantly elevated by the propolis in a concentration-dependent manner. @entity274 -induced cell death was significantly inhibited by the treatment with the @entity33311 . In addition, the treatment with the propolis-stimulated @entity33311 had a more protective effect than that with the @entity33311 . We also examine the effect of the propolis-stimulated @entity33311 against a @entity2425 -induced ER stress. The treatment with the propolis-stimulated CM as well as the @entity33311 significantly inhibited @entity2425 -induced cell death. Moreover, the treatment with the propolis-stimulated @entity33311 significantly induced @entity527 outgrowth from PC12 cells than that with the @entity33311 . These results suggest that the @entity33311 as well as DPCs will be an efficient source of new treatments for @entity179 and that the propolis promote the advantage of the @entity33311 via producing neurotrophic factors.

title: Conditioned medium of dental pulp cells stimulated by Chinese propolis show neuroprotection and XXXX extension in vitro.

entities_list: @entity2425 :: ('MESH:D014415', 'Chemical') :: ['tunicamycin']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity527 :: (MESH:D058225,Disease) :: ['neurite']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Case series suggest that laparoscopic peritoneal lavage might be a promising alternative to sigmoidectomy in @entity1 with @entity4436 . We aimed to assess the superiority of laparoscopic lavage compared with sigmoidectomy in @entity1 with purulent @entity4436 , with respect to overall long-term morbidity and mortality. METHODS: We did a multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, open-label trial in 34 teaching hospitals and eight academic hospitals in Belgium, Italy, and the Netherlands (the Ladies trial). The Ladies trial is split into two groups: the LOLA group comparing laparoscopic lavage with sigmoidectomy and the DIVA group comparing Hartmann's procedure with sigmoidectomy plus primary @entity254 . The DIVA section of this trial is still underway but here we report the results of the LOLA section. @entity1 with purulent @entity4436 were enrolled for LOLA, excluding @entity1 with @entity298 , aged older than 85 years, with high-dose @entity479 use (>= 20 mg daily), and @entity1344 . @entity1 were randomly assigned (2:1:1; stratified by age [<60 years vs >= 60 years]) using secure online computer randomisation to laparoscopic lavage, Hartmann's procedure, or primary @entity254 in a parallel design after diagnostic laparoscopy. @entity1 were analysed according to a modified intention-to-treat principle and were followed up after the index operation at least once in the outpatient setting and after sigmoidoscopy and stoma reversal, according to local protocols. The primary endpoint was a composite endpoint of major morbidity and mortality within 12 months. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01317485. FINDINGS: Between July 1, 2010, and Feb 22, 2013, 90 @entity1 were randomly assigned in the LOLA section of the Ladies trial when the study was terminated by the data and safety monitoring board because of an increased event rate in the lavage group. Two @entity1 were excluded for protocol violations. The primary endpoint occurred in 30 (67%) of 45 @entity1 in the lavage group and 25 (60%) of 42 @entity1 in the sigmoidectomy group (odds ratio 1  28, 95% CI 0  54-3  03, p=0  58). By 12 months, four @entity1 had died after lavage and six @entity1 had died after sigmoidectomy (p=0  43). INTERPRETATION: Laparoscopic lavage is not superior to sigmoidectomy for the treatment of purulent @entity4436 . FUNDING: Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development.

title: Laparoscopic peritoneal lavage or sigmoidectomy for @entity4436 with XXXX : a multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, open-label trial.

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['haemodynamic instability']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['perforated diverticulitis']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['faecal peritonitis']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['purulent peritonitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Case series suggest that laparoscopic peritoneal lavage might be a promising alternative to sigmoidectomy in @entity1 with @entity4436 . We aimed to assess the superiority of laparoscopic lavage compared with sigmoidectomy in @entity1 with purulent @entity4436 , with respect to overall long-term morbidity and mortality. METHODS: We did a multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, open-label trial in 34 teaching hospitals and eight academic hospitals in Belgium, Italy, and the Netherlands (the Ladies trial). The Ladies trial is split into two groups: the LOLA group comparing laparoscopic lavage with sigmoidectomy and the DIVA group comparing Hartmann's procedure with sigmoidectomy plus primary @entity254 . The DIVA section of this trial is still underway but here we report the results of the LOLA section. @entity1 with purulent @entity4436 were enrolled for LOLA, excluding @entity1 with @entity298 , aged older than 85 years, with high-dose @entity479 use (>= 20 mg daily), and @entity1344 . @entity1 were randomly assigned (2:1:1; stratified by age [<60 years vs >= 60 years]) using secure online computer randomisation to laparoscopic lavage, Hartmann's procedure, or primary @entity254 in a parallel design after diagnostic laparoscopy. @entity1 were analysed according to a modified intention-to-treat principle and were followed up after the index operation at least once in the outpatient setting and after sigmoidoscopy and stoma reversal, according to local protocols. The primary endpoint was a composite endpoint of major morbidity and mortality within 12 months. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01317485. FINDINGS: Between July 1, 2010, and Feb 22, 2013, 90 @entity1 were randomly assigned in the LOLA section of the Ladies trial when the study was terminated by the data and safety monitoring board because of an increased event rate in the lavage group. Two @entity1 were excluded for protocol violations. The primary endpoint occurred in 30 (67%) of 45 @entity1 in the lavage group and 25 (60%) of 42 @entity1 in the sigmoidectomy group (odds ratio 1  28, 95% CI 0  54-3  03, p=0  58). By 12 months, four @entity1 had died after lavage and six @entity1 had died after sigmoidectomy (p=0  43). INTERPRETATION: Laparoscopic lavage is not superior to sigmoidectomy for the treatment of purulent @entity4436 . FUNDING: Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development.

title: Laparoscopic peritoneal lavage or sigmoidectomy for XXXX with @entity298 : a multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, open-label trial.

answer: @entity4436 :: (MESH:D004238,Disease) :: ['perforated diverticulitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Risk stratification in @entity1789 ( @entity1789 ) remains controversial. The time interval between the peak and the end of the T wave (Tpe interval), a marker of transmural dispersion of repolarization, has been linked to @entity943 in various settings but leads to discordant results in @entity1789 . OBJECTIVE: We study the correlation of the Tpe interval with arrhythmic events in a large cohort of @entity1 with @entity1789 . METHODS: A total of 325 consecutive @entity1 with @entity1789 (mean age 47  13 years, 259 @entity1 -80%) with spontaneous (n=143, 44%) or drug-induced (n=182, 56%) type 1 electrocardiogram were retrospectively included. 235 were asymptomatic (70%), 80 presented with unexplained @entity1163 (22%), and 10 presented with @entity944 ( @entity944 ) or appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy ( @entity1129 ) (8%) at diagnosis or over a mean follow-up of 48    34 months. The Tpe interval was calculated as the difference between the QT interval and the QT peak interval as measured in each of the precordial leads. RESULTS: The Tpe interval from lead V1 to lead V4, maximum value of the Tpe interval (max Tpe), and Tpe dispersion in all precordial leads were significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity944 / @entity1129 or in @entity1 with @entity1163 than in asymptomatic @entity1 (P < .001). A max Tpe of >= 100 ms was present in 47 of 226 asymptomatic @entity1 (21%), in 48 of 73 @entity1 with @entity1163 (66%), and in 22 of 26 @entity1 with @entity944 / @entity1129 (85%) (P < .0001). In multivariate analysis, a max Tpe of >= 100 ms was independently related to arrhythmic events (odds ratio 9.61; 95% confidence interval 3.13-29.41; P < .0001). CONCLUSION: The Tpe interval in the precordial leads is highly related to @entity943 in this large cohort of @entity1 with @entity1789 . This simple electrocardiographic parameter could be used to refine risk stratification.

title: Increased Tpeak-Tend interval is highly and independently related to arrhythmic events in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1789 :: ('MESH:D053840', 'Disease') :: ['BS', 'Brugada syndrome']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['malignant ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1789 :: (MESH:D053840,Disease) :: ['Brugada syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective is to review the evidence evaluating the efficacy of statin therapy for primary prevention of @entity65 in the elderly. Data Sources: A literature search of MEDLINE and PubMed (1966-January 2013) using the terms HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, statin, primary prevention, elderly, and geriatrics was performed. The search was limited to clinical trials, meta-analyses, and subanalyses, including primary prevention @entity1 . Bibliographies of selected articles were examined to identify additional clinical trials. Study Selection: Fourteen clinical trials, subanalyses, and meta-analyses were reviewed. A total of seven clinical trials and subanalyses evaluating statin therapy versus placebo in the elderly primary prevention @entity1 with a primary endpoint of hard @entity301 were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Data collected from the clinical trials and subanalyses included number of elderly @entity1 randomized, therapy, duration of follow-up, and the incidence of coronary events. DATA SYNTHESIS: The average annual rates of first CV event increases as @entity1 age. There is strong evidence that supports the use of statins for secondary prevention; although primary prevention, specifically in the elderly, is less defined. This paper reviews the literature specifically for primary prevention, for which the results have shown a trend toward decreased first occurrence of @entity301 with statin therapy in elderly @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Statin therapy should be considered as a primary prevention therapy against @entity301 for elderly @entity1 . Evidence-based clinical benefits are seen in this @entity1 population. However, clinical judgment and consideration of comorbidities that may impact life expectancy should be assessed to determine appropriateness for individual @entity1 .

title: Statins for the Primary Prevention of XXXX in the Elderly.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular (CV) disease']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease', 'coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Early-course @entity914 have been extensively studied in terms of phenomenology, but little is known about the influence of personality traits on clinical features of first-episode @entity716 . The aim of this study was to explore how the "big five" personality domains ( @entity663 , extraversion, @entity1538 , agreeableness, and conscientiousness) are associated with treatment delay (duration of untreated @entity716 , DUP), functioning, and positive and negative symptom severity. METHODS: Data for these analyses were obtained from 104 @entity1 enrolled from @entity146 inpatient units in Atlanta, Georgia, between August 2008 and March 2011. The NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) was used to assess personality domains, and all other variables were measured in a standardized and rigorous manner using psychometrically sound instruments. Correlational analyses and multiple linear regressions were carried out to examine the strength of associations between variables of interest. RESULTS: Findings indicated that except for @entity1538 , all of the other personality variables contributed to some extent to the variance in DUP. Conscientiousness was positively correlated with functioning. Agreeableness was independently negatively associated with positive symptom severity and extraversion was independently negatively correlated with negative symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS: We report the first evidence suggesting that DUP is in part driven by personality domains. Functioning and symptom severity are also associated with those domains. Personality should be taken into account in order to better understand the phenomenology of early-course @entity914 as well as treatment-seeking behaviors.

title: Personality domains, duration of untreated XXXX , functioning, and symptom severity in first-episode @entity716 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity663 :: ('MESH:C564323', 'Disease') :: ['neuroticism']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Early-course @entity914 have been extensively studied in terms of phenomenology, but little is known about the influence of personality traits on clinical features of first-episode @entity716 . The aim of this study was to explore how the "big five" personality domains ( @entity663 , extraversion, @entity1538 , agreeableness, and conscientiousness) are associated with treatment delay (duration of untreated @entity716 , DUP), functioning, and positive and negative symptom severity. METHODS: Data for these analyses were obtained from 104 @entity1 enrolled from @entity146 inpatient units in Atlanta, Georgia, between August 2008 and March 2011. The NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) was used to assess personality domains, and all other variables were measured in a standardized and rigorous manner using psychometrically sound instruments. Correlational analyses and multiple linear regressions were carried out to examine the strength of associations between variables of interest. RESULTS: Findings indicated that except for @entity1538 , all of the other personality variables contributed to some extent to the variance in DUP. Conscientiousness was positively correlated with functioning. Agreeableness was independently negatively associated with positive symptom severity and extraversion was independently negatively correlated with negative symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS: We report the first evidence suggesting that DUP is in part driven by personality domains. Functioning and symptom severity are also associated with those domains. Personality should be taken into account in order to better understand the phenomenology of early-course @entity914 as well as treatment-seeking behaviors.

title: Personality domains, duration of untreated @entity716 , functioning, and symptom severity in first-episode XXXX .

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have so far reported 12 loci associated with @entity43 (EOC) risk. We hypothesized that some of these loci function through nearby transcription factor (TF) genes and that putative target genes of these TFs as identified by coexpression may also be enriched for additional EOC risk associations. METHODS: We selected TF genes within 1 Mb of the top signal at the 12 genome-wide significant risk loci. Mutual information, a form of correlation, was used to build networks of genes strongly coexpressed with each selected TF gene in the unified microarray dataset of 489 serous EOC tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Genes represented in this dataset were subsequently ranked using a gene-level test based on results for germline SNPs from a serous EOC GWAS meta-analysis (2,196 cases/4,396 controls). RESULTS: Gene set enrichment analysis identified six networks centered on TF genes ( @entity45457 , @entity39837 , @entity29198 , @entity56546 at 17q21.32 and @entity71439 , @entity37068 at 2q31) that were significantly enriched for genes from the risk-associated end of the ranked list (P < 0.05 and FDR < 0.05). These results were replicated (P < 0.05) using an independent association study (7,035 cases/21,693 controls). Genes underlying enrichment in the six networks were pooled into a combined network. CONCLUSION: We identified a HOX-centric network associated with serous EOC risk containing several genes with known or emerging roles in serous EOC development. IMPACT: Network analysis integrating large, context-specific datasets has the potential to offer mechanistic insights into @entity5 susceptibility and prioritize genes for experimental characterization.

title: Network-Based Integration of GWAS and Gene Expression Identifies a HOX-Centric Network Associated with Serous XXXX Risk.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['serous epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: STUDY QUESTION: Can the luteal phase support be improved in terms of efficacy, hormonal profiles and convenience as compared with today's standard care? SUMMARY ANSWER: Daily low-dose rhCG supplementation in @entity4397 triggered IVF cycles can replace the traditional used luteal phase support with exogenous @entity1420 . WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: A bolus of hCG for final maturation of follicles in connection with @entity6862 may induce the risk of @entity14563 and the luteal phase @entity1420 levels rise very abruptly in the early luteal phase. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This is a proof-of-concept study conducted as a three arm RCT with a total of 93 @entity1 . First @entity1 enrolled in January 2012 and the study finished in January 2014. @entity1 /MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Normal responder @entity1 undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment in a university hospital. One arm served as control, where @entity1 followed a standard antagonist protocol. Two study arms were included both having 125 IU hCG daily for luteal phase support without exogenous @entity1420 after using a @entity4397 trigger for ovulation induction. In both study arms exogenous FSH was stopped on stimulation day 6 and replaced by exogenous hCG that was initiated on either stimulation day 2 or day 6. Blood samples were obtained on the day of ovulation induction, on the day of oocyte pickup (OPU) and day OPU + 7. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The mean serum levels of hCG did not exceeded the normal physiological range of LH activity in any samples. Mid-luteal @entity1420 levels were significantly higher in the two study groups receiving daily low-dose hCG for luteal phase support as compared with the control group (control group: 177    27 nmol/l; study group 1: 334    42 nmol/l; study group 2: 277    27 nmol/l; (mean    SEM). No differences in reproductive outcome were seen between groups. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The number of @entity1 included is limited and conclusions need to be verified in a larger RCT. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Endogenous production of @entity1420 may become more attractive as the luteal phase support with levels of LH-like activity only in the physiological range and may, from the @entity1 ' point of view, replace inconvenient exogenous @entity1420 preparation. Further hCG may reduce the cost of stimulation and may collectively be used for stimulation of the follicular phase, ovulation induction and for luteal phase support. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: An unrestricted grant from ARTS Biologics made this study possible. None of the authors has any competing interests to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrial.gov number: NCT01504139. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE: 28 December 2011.

title: Daily low-dose hCG stimulation during the luteal phase combined with XXXX triggered IVF cycles without exogenous @entity1420 : a proof of concept trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

answer: @entity4397 :: (CHEBI:63533,Chemical) :: ['GnRHa']


abstract: STUDY QUESTION: Can the luteal phase support be improved in terms of efficacy, hormonal profiles and convenience as compared with today's standard care? SUMMARY ANSWER: Daily low-dose rhCG supplementation in @entity4397 triggered IVF cycles can replace the traditional used luteal phase support with exogenous @entity1420 . WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: A bolus of hCG for final maturation of follicles in connection with @entity6862 may induce the risk of @entity14563 and the luteal phase @entity1420 levels rise very abruptly in the early luteal phase. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This is a proof-of-concept study conducted as a three arm RCT with a total of 93 @entity1 . First @entity1 enrolled in January 2012 and the study finished in January 2014. @entity1 /MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Normal responder @entity1 undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment in a university hospital. One arm served as control, where @entity1 followed a standard antagonist protocol. Two study arms were included both having 125 IU hCG daily for luteal phase support without exogenous @entity1420 after using a @entity4397 trigger for ovulation induction. In both study arms exogenous FSH was stopped on stimulation day 6 and replaced by exogenous hCG that was initiated on either stimulation day 2 or day 6. Blood samples were obtained on the day of ovulation induction, on the day of oocyte pickup (OPU) and day OPU + 7. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The mean serum levels of hCG did not exceeded the normal physiological range of LH activity in any samples. Mid-luteal @entity1420 levels were significantly higher in the two study groups receiving daily low-dose hCG for luteal phase support as compared with the control group (control group: 177    27 nmol/l; study group 1: 334    42 nmol/l; study group 2: 277    27 nmol/l; (mean    SEM). No differences in reproductive outcome were seen between groups. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The number of @entity1 included is limited and conclusions need to be verified in a larger RCT. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Endogenous production of @entity1420 may become more attractive as the luteal phase support with levels of LH-like activity only in the physiological range and may, from the @entity1 ' point of view, replace inconvenient exogenous @entity1420 preparation. Further hCG may reduce the cost of stimulation and may collectively be used for stimulation of the follicular phase, ovulation induction and for luteal phase support. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: An unrestricted grant from ARTS Biologics made this study possible. None of the authors has any competing interests to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrial.gov number: NCT01504139. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE: 28 December 2011.

title: Daily low-dose hCG stimulation during the luteal phase combined with @entity4397 triggered IVF cycles without exogenous XXXX : a proof of concept trial.

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['progesterone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine associations of pretreatment serum carotenoids, @entity4793 , and @entity3092 with prognosis in 154 @entity1 newly diagnosed with @entity135 . METHODS: Pretreatment blood and health surveys were collected. Serum micronutrients were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Data on recurrence and @entity204 were collected annually. Cox proportional hazards models measured associations of serum nutrient concentrations with recurrence and overall survival. RESULTS: During a median follow-up time of 37 months, there were 32 recurrences and 27 @entity204 . After controlling for covariates, subjects with high versus low serum xanthophyll and total carotenoid concentrations had significantly longer recurrence-free time (p   =   .002 and p   =   .02, respectively). Overall survival time was significantly longer in @entity1 with high versus low serum xanthophyll concentrations (p   =   .02). CONCLUSION: Future research should evaluate the possible benefits of interventions to increase intakes of rich food sources of @entity71440 in this @entity1 population.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1591-E1597, 2016.

title: Pretreatment serum xanthophyll concentrations as predictors of XXXX recurrence and survival.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity4793 :: ('MESH:D024505', 'Chemical') :: ['tocopherols']

entities_list: @entity3092 :: ('MESH:D011794', 'Chemical') :: ['quercetin']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity71440 :: ('MESH:D024341', 'Chemical') :: ['xanthophylls']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: The lifetime risk of @entity955 ( @entity955 ) for @entity1 and @entity1 over the age of 40 is about 25%. The condition affects around 800,000 @entity1 in the UK, of which it is estimated that 250,000 are undiagnosed. A rapid heart rate may result in palpitations, dyspnoea or chest tightness, whereas loss of atrial contractility may lead to fatigue and reduced exercise capacity. There is a five-fold increased risk of @entity64 , transient @entity887 . @entity955 strokes are larger, more disabling and have a higher mortality rate than those with other causes. The risk of @entity64 is not related to the presence or absence of symptoms, or whether the @entity955 is paroxysmal or persistent. When an irregular pulse is detected it should precipitate further assessment with a 12-lead ECG. In @entity1 with intermittent palpitations that may represent @entity955 , prolonged ECG monitoring can be used to increase the chance of diagnosis. In @entity1 with a confirmed diagnosis of @entity955 , three areas need to be considered, @entity64 risk, symptoms, and risk of @entity591 . The CHA2DS2-VASc score is used to assess the @entity64 risk in @entity1 with @entity955 . Oral anticoagulation should be offered to those with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 2 or more, and considered for @entity1 with a score of 1. The risk of severe @entity548 with warfarin should also be assessed using the HAS-BLED score. A score of 3 or more indicates that caution is required when starting any anticoagulant therapy. Oral anticoagulant therapy can reduce the risk of @entity64 by around 50-70%. It should be started when the @entity1 reaches 65 or if he/she develops any of the risk factors for @entity64 .

title: Have a high index of suspicion for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic attack or systemic embolism']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: A prospective study was designed to investigate the effects of recombinant @entity1 follicle-stimulating hormone (rhFSH) on seminal anti-M  llerian hormone ( @entity248 ) levels in @entity1 with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (iOAT), researching possible relationships between the seminal @entity248 behavior and the response to the treatment. Thirty-nine @entity1 who were candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) because of iOAT were enrolled. @entity1 were treated on alternately days with 150  IU of rhFSH for at least 3  months before assisted reproduction cycles. Main outcome measures were seminal @entity248 concentrations before and after rhFSH therapy. After treatment, 16 subjects (responders) showed an improvement in their sperm count compared to baseline (7.6      2.9 vs. 19.3      7.7, p  <  0.01) whereas 23 @entity1 (non-responders) experienced no sperm modifications. Baseline seminal @entity248 concentrations were significantly higher in responders than in non-responders (53.0      30.6 vs. 34.6      18.5, p  <  0.025). Following therapy, a greater increase in @entity248 levels was observed in responders compared to non-responders (    =  24.8      36.4 vs.     =  6.4      11.2, p  <  0.028). Seminal @entity248 levels significantly and positively correlated with sperm count (after rhFSH treatment rho  =  0.647, p  <  0.001). Our study suggests that rhFSH improves sperm count in a quota of iOAT @entity1 , and the subjects who respond to the treatment have higher baseline seminal @entity248 concentrations than the @entity1 who are not responsive. Seminal @entity248 could be helpful to select those infertile @entity1 who may benefit from rhFSH treatment.

title: Seminal anti-M  llerian hormone levels during recombinant XXXX follicle-stimulating hormone treatment in @entity1 with idiopathic infertility undergoing assisted reproduction cycles.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients', 'men']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: A prospective study was designed to investigate the effects of recombinant @entity1 follicle-stimulating hormone (rhFSH) on seminal anti-M  llerian hormone ( @entity248 ) levels in @entity1 with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (iOAT), researching possible relationships between the seminal @entity248 behavior and the response to the treatment. Thirty-nine @entity1 who were candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) because of iOAT were enrolled. @entity1 were treated on alternately days with 150  IU of rhFSH for at least 3  months before assisted reproduction cycles. Main outcome measures were seminal @entity248 concentrations before and after rhFSH therapy. After treatment, 16 subjects (responders) showed an improvement in their sperm count compared to baseline (7.6      2.9 vs. 19.3      7.7, p  <  0.01) whereas 23 @entity1 (non-responders) experienced no sperm modifications. Baseline seminal @entity248 concentrations were significantly higher in responders than in non-responders (53.0      30.6 vs. 34.6      18.5, p  <  0.025). Following therapy, a greater increase in @entity248 levels was observed in responders compared to non-responders (    =  24.8      36.4 vs.     =  6.4      11.2, p  <  0.028). Seminal @entity248 levels significantly and positively correlated with sperm count (after rhFSH treatment rho  =  0.647, p  <  0.001). Our study suggests that rhFSH improves sperm count in a quota of iOAT @entity1 , and the subjects who respond to the treatment have higher baseline seminal @entity248 concentrations than the @entity1 who are not responsive. Seminal @entity248 could be helpful to select those infertile @entity1 who may benefit from rhFSH treatment.

title: Seminal anti-M  llerian hormone levels during recombinant @entity1 follicle-stimulating hormone treatment in XXXX with idiopathic infertility undergoing assisted reproduction cycles.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Diet therapy in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) has focused on @entity1735 restriction but is poorly substantiated. In this pilot randomized clinical trial, we challenged the conventional low- @entity1735 /higher-fat (LC/CONV) diet, hypothesizing that a higher-complex @entity1735 /lower-fat (CHOICE) diet would improve maternal @entity2690 resistance (IR), @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) lipolysis, and @entity1 @entity1386 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: At 31 weeks, 12 diet-controlled overweight/ @entity28 @entity1 with @entity6 were randomized to an isocaloric LC/CONV (40% @entity1735 /45% fat/15% protein; n = 6) or CHOICE (60%/25%/15%; n = 6) diet. All meals were provided. @entity1386 was biopsied at 37 weeks. RESULTS: After    7 weeks, fasting @entity413 (P = 0.03) and @entity3691 (P = 0.06) decreased on CHOICE, whereas fasting @entity413 increased on LC/CONV (P = 0.03). @entity2690 suppression of @entity1386 lipolysis was improved on CHOICE versus LC/CONV (56 vs. 31%, P = 0.005), consistent with improved IR. @entity1386 expression of multiple proinflammatory genes was lower on CHOICE (P < 0.01). @entity1 @entity1386 trended lower with CHOICE (10.1    1.4 vs. 12.6    2%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A CHOICE diet may improve maternal IR and @entity1 @entity1386 , challenging recommendations for a LC/CONV diet.

title: @entity1 With Gestational Diabetes Randomized to a Higher-Complex @entity1735 /Low-Fat Diet Manifest Lower Adipose Tissue @entity2690 Resistance, Inflammation, XXXX , and Free Fatty Acids: A Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Infant', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes mellitus', 'GDM']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity3691 :: ('MESH:D005230', 'Chemical') :: ['free fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adipose tissue', 'AT', 'adiposity']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Diet therapy in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) has focused on @entity1735 restriction but is poorly substantiated. In this pilot randomized clinical trial, we challenged the conventional low- @entity1735 /higher-fat (LC/CONV) diet, hypothesizing that a higher-complex @entity1735 /lower-fat (CHOICE) diet would improve maternal @entity2690 resistance (IR), @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) lipolysis, and @entity1 @entity1386 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: At 31 weeks, 12 diet-controlled overweight/ @entity28 @entity1 with @entity6 were randomized to an isocaloric LC/CONV (40% @entity1735 /45% fat/15% protein; n = 6) or CHOICE (60%/25%/15%; n = 6) diet. All meals were provided. @entity1386 was biopsied at 37 weeks. RESULTS: After    7 weeks, fasting @entity413 (P = 0.03) and @entity3691 (P = 0.06) decreased on CHOICE, whereas fasting @entity413 increased on LC/CONV (P = 0.03). @entity2690 suppression of @entity1386 lipolysis was improved on CHOICE versus LC/CONV (56 vs. 31%, P = 0.005), consistent with improved IR. @entity1386 expression of multiple proinflammatory genes was lower on CHOICE (P < 0.01). @entity1 @entity1386 trended lower with CHOICE (10.1    1.4 vs. 12.6    2%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A CHOICE diet may improve maternal IR and @entity1 @entity1386 , challenging recommendations for a LC/CONV diet.

title: @entity1 With Gestational Diabetes Randomized to a Higher-Complex @entity1735 /Low-Fat Diet Manifest Lower Adipose Tissue XXXX Resistance, Inflammation, @entity413 , and Free Fatty Acids: A Pilot Study.

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['Insulin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Diet therapy in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) has focused on @entity1735 restriction but is poorly substantiated. In this pilot randomized clinical trial, we challenged the conventional low- @entity1735 /higher-fat (LC/CONV) diet, hypothesizing that a higher-complex @entity1735 /lower-fat (CHOICE) diet would improve maternal @entity2690 resistance (IR), @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) lipolysis, and @entity1 @entity1386 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: At 31 weeks, 12 diet-controlled overweight/ @entity28 @entity1 with @entity6 were randomized to an isocaloric LC/CONV (40% @entity1735 /45% fat/15% protein; n = 6) or CHOICE (60%/25%/15%; n = 6) diet. All meals were provided. @entity1386 was biopsied at 37 weeks. RESULTS: After    7 weeks, fasting @entity413 (P = 0.03) and @entity3691 (P = 0.06) decreased on CHOICE, whereas fasting @entity413 increased on LC/CONV (P = 0.03). @entity2690 suppression of @entity1386 lipolysis was improved on CHOICE versus LC/CONV (56 vs. 31%, P = 0.005), consistent with improved IR. @entity1386 expression of multiple proinflammatory genes was lower on CHOICE (P < 0.01). @entity1 @entity1386 trended lower with CHOICE (10.1    1.4 vs. 12.6    2%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A CHOICE diet may improve maternal IR and @entity1 @entity1386 , challenging recommendations for a LC/CONV diet.

title: @entity1 With Gestational Diabetes Randomized to a Higher-Complex XXXX /Low-Fat Diet Manifest Lower Adipose Tissue @entity2690 Resistance, Inflammation, @entity413 , and Free Fatty Acids: A Pilot Study.

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['Carbohydrate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Diet therapy in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) has focused on @entity1735 restriction but is poorly substantiated. In this pilot randomized clinical trial, we challenged the conventional low- @entity1735 /higher-fat (LC/CONV) diet, hypothesizing that a higher-complex @entity1735 /lower-fat (CHOICE) diet would improve maternal @entity2690 resistance (IR), @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) lipolysis, and @entity1 @entity1386 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: At 31 weeks, 12 diet-controlled overweight/ @entity28 @entity1 with @entity6 were randomized to an isocaloric LC/CONV (40% @entity1735 /45% fat/15% protein; n = 6) or CHOICE (60%/25%/15%; n = 6) diet. All meals were provided. @entity1386 was biopsied at 37 weeks. RESULTS: After    7 weeks, fasting @entity413 (P = 0.03) and @entity3691 (P = 0.06) decreased on CHOICE, whereas fasting @entity413 increased on LC/CONV (P = 0.03). @entity2690 suppression of @entity1386 lipolysis was improved on CHOICE versus LC/CONV (56 vs. 31%, P = 0.005), consistent with improved IR. @entity1386 expression of multiple proinflammatory genes was lower on CHOICE (P < 0.01). @entity1 @entity1386 trended lower with CHOICE (10.1    1.4 vs. 12.6    2%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A CHOICE diet may improve maternal IR and @entity1 @entity1386 , challenging recommendations for a LC/CONV diet.

title: XXXX With Gestational Diabetes Randomized to a Higher-Complex @entity1735 /Low-Fat Diet Manifest Lower Adipose Tissue @entity2690 Resistance, Inflammation, @entity413 , and Free Fatty Acids: A Pilot Study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Altered diffusion in the normal appearing white matter (NAWM) of @entity11 @entity1 has been explained by @entity5 infiltration. The goal of the present study was to test this explanation indirectly by examining whether these alterations were also present in the contralateral NAWM of non-infiltrative @entity5 like @entity1653 ; and to search for other possible reasons for this abnormality. Twenty-seven @entity1 with histologically verified @entity11 (grade II-IV), 22 @entity1653 @entity1 and two groups of age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) on a 3T MR. All @entity1 were examined before treatment. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated in the entire NAWM of the hemisphere contralateral to the @entity5 . ADC values of the NAWM were compared between groups with Mann-Whitney U-test and multiple linear regression. The relations of ADC in NAWM to @entity11 grade and to @entity5 volume were also investigated. ADC values of the contralateral NAWM were significantly higher in both @entity11 and @entity1653 @entity1 compared to controls (P  =  0.0006 and 0.0099, respectively). ADC value was higher in the NAWM of high grade @entity11 than in low grade @entity11 (P  =  0.0181) and in healthy control subjects (P  =  0.0003). ADC did not depend on @entity5 volume in any of the @entity1 groups. Elevated ADC in the NAWM of both @entity11 and @entity1653 @entity1 might indicate that the effect of infiltrating @entity5 cells is not the only reason for the alteration as it has been previously suggested. Although the role of mass effect was not proved, other mechanisms might also contribute to ADC elevation.

title: Increased diffusion in the normal appearing white matter of brain tumor @entity1 : is this just XXXX infiltration?

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas', 'glioma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Altered diffusion in the normal appearing white matter (NAWM) of @entity11 @entity1 has been explained by @entity5 infiltration. The goal of the present study was to test this explanation indirectly by examining whether these alterations were also present in the contralateral NAWM of non-infiltrative @entity5 like @entity1653 ; and to search for other possible reasons for this abnormality. Twenty-seven @entity1 with histologically verified @entity11 (grade II-IV), 22 @entity1653 @entity1 and two groups of age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) on a 3T MR. All @entity1 were examined before treatment. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated in the entire NAWM of the hemisphere contralateral to the @entity5 . ADC values of the NAWM were compared between groups with Mann-Whitney U-test and multiple linear regression. The relations of ADC in NAWM to @entity11 grade and to @entity5 volume were also investigated. ADC values of the contralateral NAWM were significantly higher in both @entity11 and @entity1653 @entity1 compared to controls (P  =  0.0006 and 0.0099, respectively). ADC value was higher in the NAWM of high grade @entity11 than in low grade @entity11 (P  =  0.0181) and in healthy control subjects (P  =  0.0003). ADC did not depend on @entity5 volume in any of the @entity1 groups. Elevated ADC in the NAWM of both @entity11 and @entity1653 @entity1 might indicate that the effect of infiltrating @entity5 cells is not the only reason for the alteration as it has been previously suggested. Although the role of mass effect was not proved, other mechanisms might also contribute to ADC elevation.

title: Increased diffusion in the normal appearing white matter of brain tumor XXXX : is this just @entity5 infiltration?

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 diagnosed with @entity4177 ( @entity4177 ), the lungs are the most common site of @entity3 at both initial presentation and relapse. Previous studies have encouraged pulmonary metastasectomy to achieve a disease-free state after resection of the primary @entity99 . However, there is no consensus about how to manage recurrent @entity358 . PROCEDURE: A retrospective, multi-institutional review was performed from 2005 to 2014 to identify @entity4177 @entity1  <=18years of age who had disease recurrence associated with pulmonary metastases alone. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 between the ages of 8 and 33months were identified. Pulmonary metastatic recurrence was detected by measuring @entity160 ( @entity160 ) levels and/or with CT scans of the chest. All @entity1 subsequently underwent pulmonary metastasectomy without post-operative complications. At last follow-up, 8 @entity1 were alive and had normal @entity160 levels. The 8 survivors had a median follow-up from therapy completion of 18.5months. Two @entity1 who presented with extrapulmonary recurrence subsequently died of treatment refractory disease. CONCLUSIONS: This review supports surgical resection as a safe and, in the context of multimodal therapy, efficacious approach to manage @entity4177 @entity1 who present with isolated pulmonary relapse.

title: XXXX confined to the lung is effectively treated with pulmonary metastasectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary metastasis']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein', 'AFP']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic lesion']

entities_list: @entity4177 :: ('MESH:D018197', 'Disease') :: ['HB', 'hepatoblastoma']

answer: @entity4177 :: (MESH:D018197,Disease) :: ['Relapsed hepatoblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective was to compare dentofacial characteristics of @entity7166 in Saudi and Japanese adult females. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lateral cephalograms of 50 Saudi adult female and 50 Japanese adult female (18-35-year-old) were obtained. All @entity1 were skeletal @entity7166 , angle @entity7166 , arch length discrepancy (-10-10 mm), overjet (1-5 mm), overbite (1-5 mm), absence of @entity154 , or significant @entity7439 or congenitally missing tooth other than the 3(rd) molar and absence of temporomandibular joint problems. @entity1 cephalograms were traced and digitized. 16 angular measurements and 13 linear measurements of facial form were used. RESULTS: A comparison of the vertical dimension showed that the Saudi females had a significantly larger gonial angle, a significantly larger facial angle and longer lower face height compared to the Japanese females. Dentally, Saudi females had more protruded incisors with increased distances of the posterior teeth to the palatal plane. For the soft tissue dimension, the Saudi subjects had a significantly more prominent nose, retruded lip and a more protruded chin compared with Japanese. CONCLUSIONS: There were significant differences in dentofacial morphology between Saudi and Japanese adult females. Both Asian countries have distinct cephalometric features, which should be considered as a reference in treating @entity1 of varying ethnic backgrounds to optimize the final results.

title: Differences in dentofacial characteristics of XXXX between Saudi and Japanese adult females.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity7166 :: ('MESH:D008311', 'Disease') :: ['Class I', 'Class I malocclusion']

entities_list: @entity7439 :: ('MESH:D005146', 'Disease') :: ['facial asymmetries']

answer: @entity7166 :: (MESH:D008311,Disease) :: ['Class I malocclusion']


abstract: Sixteen consecutive @entity1 with bulky @entity34 were treated with primary radiotherapy from 1971 to 1982. Bulky @entity34 was defined as either Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) stage IIC (retroperitoneal metastases greater than 5 cm) or @entity44110 (palpable retroperitoneal metastases) with no evidence of visceral or supradiaphragmatic disease. The median age was 38 years (range, 26 to 52) and the median size of @entity66 was 11.5 cm (range, 5 to 25 cm). @entity1 were treated with generous radiation ports (such as wide hockey-stick or whole abdomen) often followed by boosts to the sites of bulky disease. Median @entity5 dose was 3,235 cGy (range, 2,700 to 5,668 cGy). Mediastinal (with or without supraclavicular) prophylactic radiation was administered to 15 of the 16 @entity1 with a median dose of 2,590 cGy (range, 1,200 to 3,700 cGy). Treatment @entity137 was mild. All 16 @entity1 achieved a complete remission (CR) with radiotherapy. Median follow-up from the time of diagnosis was 60 months, and all @entity1 are currently disease-free. Two @entity1 recurred after therapy but were rendered disease-free with further radiation. These two relapsing @entity1 have remained disease-free, following initial recurrence, for 8 years. The excellent results obtained with modern imaging and radiotherapeutic techniques justify radiotherapy as the initial treatment of choice for bulky @entity34 .

title: Radiotherapy as initial treatment for bulky XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal disease']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['stage II seminomas', 'stage II seminoma']

answer: @entity34 :: (MESH:D016609,Disease) :: ['stage II testicular seminomas']


abstract: AIM: This study aims to explore carer perceptions of training in out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity1363 for emergency management of @entity410 . METHODS: A random sample of 100 families (from n = 198) who underwent training at the Sydney @entity1 's Hospitals Network, Randwick campus (2008-2012) were invited to participate in a telephone questionnaire. RESULTS: Sixty-three carers participated. Thirty-three @entity1 were female, median age at training was 4 years and @entity410 onset 2.75 years. @entity410 were generalised in 26 @entity1 and focal in 37. Common reasons for prescription included history of prolonged @entity410 (38%), recent diagnosis of @entity302 (33%) and overseas travel (11%). Ninety-eight per cent of carers reported that training instructions were clear, and 94% reported the risks of using @entity1245 were satisfactorily explained. Ninety per cent felt confident to administer the drug following training and 62% completed first aid training as recommended. Suggestions for improvement included follow-up/review and additional demonstration/practice. Twenty-one carers (33%) reported giving buccal @entity1363 a median five times, 67% reported it was effective in terminating the @entity410 and 71% called an ambulance as instructed. Problems reported in administration included excessive secretions and difficulties drawing up the solution. One @entity1 experienced breathing difficulties requiring @entity26 by the paramedics. Four @entity1 were admitted to @entity1 's intensive care unit with @entity159 requiring intubation. CONCLUSIONS: Training for out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity1363 was considered valuable by carers. Only a third of the sample subsequently used @entity1363 . Half of these carers reported problems in administration and one reported respiratory difficulty. These results highlight the importance of drug safety and efficacious training programmes.

title: Exploring carer perceptions of training in out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity1363 for emergency management of XXXX (2008-2012).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'Seizures', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: AIM: This study aims to explore carer perceptions of training in out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity1363 for emergency management of @entity410 . METHODS: A random sample of 100 families (from n = 198) who underwent training at the Sydney @entity1 's Hospitals Network, Randwick campus (2008-2012) were invited to participate in a telephone questionnaire. RESULTS: Sixty-three carers participated. Thirty-three @entity1 were female, median age at training was 4 years and @entity410 onset 2.75 years. @entity410 were generalised in 26 @entity1 and focal in 37. Common reasons for prescription included history of prolonged @entity410 (38%), recent diagnosis of @entity302 (33%) and overseas travel (11%). Ninety-eight per cent of carers reported that training instructions were clear, and 94% reported the risks of using @entity1245 were satisfactorily explained. Ninety per cent felt confident to administer the drug following training and 62% completed first aid training as recommended. Suggestions for improvement included follow-up/review and additional demonstration/practice. Twenty-one carers (33%) reported giving buccal @entity1363 a median five times, 67% reported it was effective in terminating the @entity410 and 71% called an ambulance as instructed. Problems reported in administration included excessive secretions and difficulties drawing up the solution. One @entity1 experienced breathing difficulties requiring @entity26 by the paramedics. Four @entity1 were admitted to @entity1 's intensive care unit with @entity159 requiring intubation. CONCLUSIONS: Training for out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity1363 was considered valuable by carers. Only a third of the sample subsequently used @entity1363 . Half of these carers reported problems in administration and one reported respiratory difficulty. These results highlight the importance of drug safety and efficacious training programmes.

title: Exploring carer perceptions of training in out-of-hospital use of buccal XXXX for emergency management of @entity410 (2008-2012).

answer: @entity1363 :: (MESH:D008874,Chemical) :: ['midazolam']


abstract: Multimodality management of soft-tissue @entity242 of the extremity is often based on the presence or absence of residual primary disease. Reoperation is warranted or radiotherapy doses altered if the physician is aware that the @entity5 was incompletely excised. Most @entity1 with soft-tissue masses undergo an initial excision before definitive therapy. These initial unplanned total excisions are usually excisional biopsies for presumably benign disease. Ninety @entity1 were reviewed to evaluate the adequacy of unplanned total excision. All @entity1 underwent unplanned supposed total excisions. Most @entity1 were then treated with preoperative intraarterial @entity632 (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio) and radiation therapy, followed by wide reexcision of the prior operative field. Forty-six @entity1 (51.1%) had no gross @entity41 in the reoperative specimen. In two @entity1 , there was microscopic but not macroscopic disease. Forty-four @entity1 (48.9%) had identifiable macroscopic @entity66 in the reoperative specimen. When comparing these 44 @entity1 with visible (macroscopic) @entity41 to the remaining 46, no differences were seen in age, sex, stage, histologic type, time from excision to reoperation, or size of @entity75 . This previously unrecognized high incidence of gross @entity66 must be considered when planning definitive therapy. Unplanned total excisions are inadequate to remove @entity66 and, despite multimodality therapy, may result in local failure. Reoperation should be a planned part of definitive management for @entity1 with soft-tissue @entity242 of the extremity whenever the initial surgical procedure was done without a histologic diagnosis or was not planned to be a wide excision. If reoperation cannot be performed, radiotherapy doses to treat gross @entity66 should be used.

title: The rationale for planned reoperation after unplanned total excision of soft-tissue XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease', 'local disease']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas', 'sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['initial lesion']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: Chronic @entity32 is a common process, sometimes requiring nasal and paranasal sinus surgery. Extraocular @entity121 is a rare surgical complication of sinus surgery, but has been reported. Previous studies have been concerned with @entity130 to the medial rectus muscle resulting in severe @entity912 or restriction. This study reports five @entity1 with acquired strabismus and symptomatic vertical @entity892 secondary to sinus surgery. In all @entity1 , the resultant @entity892 was disabling. Four @entity1 had frontal sinus window surgery performed, with incisions placed in the supero-nasal quadrant of the orbit, below the eyebrow (a modified @entity4309 ). Three @entity1 acquired a superior oblique paresis and the fourth developed a @entity10302 . The location of the skin incision was @entity130 in the trochlear area. The fifth @entity1 underwent a nasal polypectomy and antrostomy with @entity548 and @entity5768 . A mild @entity75 was the result.

title: Superior oblique and inferior XXXX following frontal and intranasal sinus surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory sinus disease']

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['Lynch incision']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['secondary orbital hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['inferior rectus paresis']

entities_list: @entity5768 :: ('MESH:D005094', 'Disease') :: ['proptosis']

entities_list: @entity10302 :: ('MESH:D018437', 'Disease') :: ["Brown's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['critical to injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['rectus muscle injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Microsurgery is not the only option for larger @entity5513 ( @entity5513 ); recent reviews have confirmed the feasibility and efficacy of radiosurgery for larger @entity5513 . This study illustrates the outcomes of a series of large @entity5513 after multisession stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). METHODS A series of 33 @entity5513 larger than 8 cm(3) (range 8-24 cm(3), mean 11 cm(3), median 9.4 cm(3)) were treated using the CyberKnife from 2003 to 2011 with the multisession SRS technique in 2-5 fractions (14-19.5 Gy). Five @entity1 had undergone surgical removal and 5 had ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Nine @entity1 were eligible for but refused surgery. Twelve @entity1 were older than 70 years and 5 were younger than 40 years. Two female @entity1 had @entity4786 . RESULTS The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 111 months (median 48 months); radiological growth control was achieved in 94% of cases: 19 @entity5 (58%) displayed no size variation or reduction in @entity5 diameter; 12 (36%), after a transient enlargement, presented with arrested growth or shrinkage. Seven @entity1 had a volume reduction of more than 50%. Two @entity1 (6%) needed debulking and 2 were treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Actuarial progressionfree survival rates at 1 year and 5 years were 97% and 83%, respectively. Hearing was retained in 7 of the 8 @entity1 with serviceable baseline hearing. Adverse events were limited to 1 case each of vertigo, @entity5773 , and @entity4254 . CONCLUSIONS The good control rate obtained with multisession SRS deepens the controversy of the radiobiology of @entity5513 and may extend the indication of radiation therapy (fractionated or SRS) for large @entity5513 to include @entity1 without symptoms of mass effect. The limited number of cases and short follow-up period do not provide sufficient support for widespread application of multisession SRS in young @entity1 . Further studies with multisession SRS are warranted.

title: Multisession stereotactic radiosurgery for large XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['VSs', 'vestibular schwannomas']

entities_list: @entity5773 :: ('MESH:D014060', 'Disease') :: ['tongue paresthesia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['vestibular schwannomas']


abstract: A study to determine the value of contrast enemas in diagnosing and managing intestinal strictures following nonoperative treatment of @entity3166 was performed from 1978 through 1983. From 1974 through 1977, 17 @entity1 survived nonoperative treatment of NEC and three developed symptomatic strictures, an incidence of 18% (3/17). Since then a total of 31 @entity1 were treated for NEC; three @entity1 survived operation for perforation and there were seven deaths, leaving 21 in the study group. Sixteen @entity1 had contrast enemas three to six weeks after resolution of NEC, which revealed strictures in five @entity1 . Four of the five @entity1 with strictures demonstrated on contrast enema were without obstructive symptoms. Three of the four remained asymptomatic without treatment, and one eventually required surgery for @entity1321 . The fifth @entity1 developed @entity1321 while still in the nursery and a contrast study demonstrated an ileal stricture. A sixth @entity1 had a normal contrast study and developed @entity1321 from an ileal stricture. The incidence of strictures was 38% (6/16). In five @entity1 , appointments for contrast studies were not kept, although clinical follow-up was complete in all. The incidence of symptomatic strictures for the contrast study period was therefore 14% (3/21). Although some authors have recommended routine contrast enemas in @entity1 surviving nonoperative treatment of NEC, contrast enemas had no advantage over clinical follow-up in the management of @entity1 in this study. We have discontinued the use of routine contrast enemas in favor of close follow-up and careful instruction to parents as to the early signs of @entity1321 .

title: Routine contrast enemas for diagnosing and managing strictures following nonoperative treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

answer: @entity3166 :: (MESH:D020345,Disease) :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to analyze how the progression of cervical dilatation in active labor can be predicted by digital assessment in low-risk pregnant @entity1 , in spontaneous labor at term. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective observational study was performed on 328 @entity1 with singleton term gestations experiencing midwife-led labor according to local protocols, progressing to full dilatation and spontaneous delivery without any medical intervention. Mixed nonlinear models were adopted to (i) model individual cervical data into centile curves and (ii) calculate the time needed to gain 1 cm in cervical dilatation (TNG1cm ) modeled as a function of current dilatation. We correlated the first and the last @entity71441 cm on parturients with at least four cervical data points. RESULTS: @entity71441 cm showed large variations, both before and after 6 cm. This variability of natural progression of cervical curves described by the 10th and 90th centiles exceeded the differences observed in published curves from cohorts homogeneous for parity, weight and ethnicity. There was no significant correlation between the first and the last @entity71441 cm . Neonatal base excess was not significantly different in @entity1 with @entity71441 cm <10th centile and >90th centile. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of cervical dilatation, traced by parsimonious nonlinear mixed models, is largely unpredictable in the case of spontaneous naturally progressing labor, even when possible larger individual variability is excluded by prudent clinical rules. Future research in labor and delivery should be focused on the diagnosis of the causes that lie behind apparently erratic cervical changes.

title: Progression of cervical dilatation in normal XXXX labor is unpredictable.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Ten @entity235 were subjected to total extrinsic cardiac denervation. The negative inotropic responses of their hearts were compared with those of nine normal controls with respect to @entity934 ( @entity3451 ; 0.1-1.0 micrograms) and @entity1239 (0.5-100 micrograms) administered intra-coronary. The @entity235 were on cardiopulmonary bypass and atrial and ventricular contractility were measured by means of a four-chamber isovolumic technique. At the end of this phase of the experiment, atrial strips were removed for in vitro evaluation of negative inotropic responses to @entity3451 (1 X 10(-8) to 1 X 10(-6) M) and @entity1239 (1 X 10(-6) to 1 X 10(-4) M). Both in vivo and in vitro methods demonstrated a leftward shift of the dose-response curve for @entity1239 in denervated hearts, indicative of denervation @entity56 . @entity56 to @entity3451 was seen in atria in vitro but not in vivo. An additional 13 @entity235 were used only for in vitro studies. There was no difference in response between these @entity235 and those which had been used for both in vivo and in vitro studies. The results support the in vivo observation that the intrinsic cardiac neurons become supersensitive to nicotinic activation after extrinsic denervation. In addition, in vitro testing revealed @entity56 to @entity3451 which was not detected by in vivo methods. Inasmuch as the in vivo and the in vitro testing were done on the same animals, a method for determining equivalence for in vivo doses and in vitro concentrations is presented.

title: Comparison of in vivo and in vitro cholinergic responses of normal and denervated XXXX hearts.

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Hypersensitivity', 'atrial hypersensitivity', 'hypersensitivity']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1 gastrointestinal tract harbors a highly complex microbial community that comprises hundreds of different types of bacterial cells. The gastrointestinal microbiota plays an important role in the function of the host intestine. Most @entity5 @entity1 undergoing pelvic irradiation experience side effects such as @entity294 ; however, little is currently known about the effects of irradiation on the microorganisms colonizing the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gamma irradiation on the compositions of the large and small intestinal microbiotas. The gut microbiotas in control @entity19 and @entity19 receiving irradiation treatment were characterized by high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Irradiation treatment induced significant alterations in the bacterial compositions of the large and small intestines at the genus level. Unexpectedly, irradiation treatment increased the number of operational taxonomic units in the small intestine but not the large intestine. In particular, irradiation treatment increased the level of the genera Alistipes in the large intestine and increased the level of the genus Corynebacterium in the small intestine. By contrast, compared with that in the corresponding control group, the level of the genera Prevotella was lower in the irradiated large intestine, and the level of the genera Alistipes was lower in the irradiated small intestine. Overall, the data presented here reveal the potential microbiological effects of pelvic irradiation on the gastrointestinal tracts of @entity5 @entity1 .

title: High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals alterations of XXXX intestinal microbiota after radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: AIMS: This study's aim is to compare the ability of two ECG criteria to differentiate @entity67 ( @entity67 ) from @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ): Brugada et al. [ @entity346 ( @entity346 ) leads] and Vereckei et al. [frontal plane (FP), specifically aVR lead], having electrophysiological study (EPS) as gold standard. After comparing, suggestions for better diagnosis of @entity591 ( @entity591 ) in emergency situations were made. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty-one consecutive @entity1 with 12-lead ECG registered during EPS-induced regular @entity591 were selected. Each ECG was split into two parts: @entity346 (V1-V6) and FP (D1-D3, aVR, aVL, and aVF), randomly distributed to three observers, blinded for EPS diagnosis and complementary ECG plane, resulting in total 306 ECG analyses. Observers followed the four steps of both algorithms, counting time-to-diagnosis. Global sensitivity, specificity, percentage of incorrect diagnoses, and step-by-step positive/negative likelihood ratios (+LR and -LR) were calculated. Kaplan-Meier curve was plotted for final time-to-diagnosis. Inter-observer agreement was assessed with kappa-statistic. Global sensitivity was similarly high in FP and @entity346 algorithms (89.2 vs. 90.1%), and incorrect classifications were 27.4 vs. 24.7%. Forty-eight correct analyses by Vereckei criteria took 9.13 s to diagnose @entity67 in the first step, showing that first step was fast, with high +LR, generating nearly conclusive pre- (72.6%) to post-test (98.0%) changes for @entity67 probability. CONCLUSION: Both algorithms as a whole are similar for diagnosis of WTC; however, the first step of Vereckei (initial R in aVR) is a simple, reproducible, accurate, and fast tool to use. The negativity of this step requires a 'holistic' approach to distinguish @entity67 from @entity4710 .

title: Differential diagnosis of wide XXXX : comparison of two electrocardiographic algorithms.

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['wide QRS-complex tachycardia', 'WCT']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia', 'SVT']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular', 'VT']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['horizontal plane', 'HP']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['QRS tachycardias']