abstract: The electrocardiographic findings in 102 consecutive @entity1 with @entity2631 were reviewed to determine the frequency and nature of the electrocardiographic abnormalities associated with this disease. @entity1188 pattern unassociated with QRS prolongation was present in 10 percent, compared with none of 96 control subjects (p less than 0.001). @entity1757 were present in 17 percent. A normal electrocardiogram was obtained in 49 percent. A subset of 48 @entity1 underwent detailed cardiopulmonary evaluation including exercise thallium scintigraphy, rest and exercise radionuclide ventriculography, pulmonary function tests, and chest roentgenography. Functional correlations of the electrocardiographic findings were examined in this subset. @entity1188 pattern (five of 48) and @entity1757 (10 of 48) were both associated with septal or anteroseptal thallium perfusion abnormalities (10 of 15 versus six of 33 of the remainder, p less than 0.005), which were present despite normal coronary angiographic results. Thallium defect scores were greater in @entity1 with @entity1188 pattern or @entity1757 compared with the remainder (defect scores 3.0 +/- 2.6 versus 1.4 +/- 2.2, respectively, p less than 0.025). In @entity1 with @entity1757 , both @entity714 and @entity714 with @entity714 were associated with abnormal left ventricular function, whereas isolated @entity714 or @entity714 was associated with normal left ventricular function. A normal electrocardiographic finding (19 of 48) was associated with normal left ventricular function at rest (19 of 19). However, 11 of 19 (58 percent) had thallium perfusion defects and four of 19 (21 percent) had an abnormal response to exercise, although in none was the peak ejection fraction less than 50 percent. It is concluded that both @entity1188 pattern and @entity1757 are electrocardiographic abnormalities associated with @entity299 ; they appear to be a result of @entity296 . Some degree of @entity296 may be present with a normal electrocardiographic result, but significant left @entity67 is unlikely. @entity1188 pattern and @entity1757 , when present, are indicators of more advanced @entity82 .

title: The electrocardiogram in systemic sclerosis ( XXXX ). Study of 102 consecutive cases with functional correlations and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['right bundle branch block', 'left bundle branch block', 'left anterior fascicular block']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular conduction abnormalities', 'Ventricular conduction abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['septal infarction', 'Septal infarction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['scleroderma heart disease']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity2631 :: (MESH:D012594,Disease) :: ['scleroderma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There has been little work reported in the literature concerning @entity130 resulting from high level falls and almost none devoted to maxillofacial @entity130 following defenestration. The purpose of this work was to report the first series of defenestration victims who incurred maxillofacial @entity130 . METHOD: This retrospective series included all @entity1 treated at the Piti  - @entity9574  tri  re hospital between July 1994 and July 1999, all units included: surgery intensive care, @entity341 , orthopedic surgery or maxillofacial surgery. RESULTS: Female gender predominated in comparison with studies concerning high level falls (SR=0.5) with no difference concerning age (mu=31.5, sigma2=9.1). Fifty percent of the @entity1 had a maxillofacial involvement. @entity204 ensued in 17.2% (11/64 @entity1 ). The height of the fall among survivors ranged from one floor to eight floors; third-floor falls accounted for 31%. Defenestration was intentional in 70.3% of the cases, accidental in 17.1% and undetermined in 12.6%. The suicide attempts involved 13 @entity1 with maniac @entity308 , 11 with @entity308 , 6 with @entity161 , 2 with undetermined familial problems, and 12 with no specific history. Four @entity1 were drug abusers and 3 were alcoholics. Fifty percent of the victims were living in precarious social and economical conditions. The maxillofacial injuries included: 20 mandibular @entity174 , 15 @entity174 (I, II, III or combined), 2 blow out @entity174 , 7 @entity174 of the orbital roof, 15 @entity174 of the malar bone, 7 @entity174 of the nose bones, and 11 @entity174 of the naso-ethmo  do-maxillo-fronto-orbital complex. On the average, @entity1 lost 6 dental elements. The mean Glasgow index was 7.9. Extrafacial injuries included limb @entity174 (89%), @entity764 (73.4%), @entity75 (67%), @entity3510 (40.6%), and @entity3511 (26.5%). CONCLUSION: The psychic and social vulnerability of the defenestration @entity1 aggravated by the @entity130 is a fundamental dimension which must be taken into consideration during the initial management of these @entity1 .

title: [Maxillofacial XXXX by defenestration: 64 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['spinal injury']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive psychosis', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Lefort fractures']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['neurosurgical emergency']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal injury']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest trauma']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adjustable maintenance dosing with @entity4184 / @entity6410 in a single inhaler ( @entity28304 , AstraZeneca, Lund, Sweden) may provide a convenient means of maintaining @entity565 control with the minimum effective medication level. OBJECTIVES: To compare adjustable and fixed maintenance dosing regimens of @entity4184 / @entity6410 in @entity565 . METHODS: This was an open-label, randomized, parallel-group, multicentre, Canadian study of @entity565 @entity1 (aged 12 years or older, postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s 70% or greater of predicted normal). Following a one-month run-in on @entity4184 / @entity6410 (100/6 mg or 200/6 mg metered doses, two inhalations twice daily), 995 @entity1 were randomly assigned either to continue on this fixed dosing regimen or to receive @entity4184 / @entity6410 adjustable dosing (step down to one inhalation twice daily if symptoms were controlled or temporarily step up to four inhalations twice daily for seven or 14 days if @entity565 worsened). The primary efficacy variable was the occurrence of exacerbations (requiring oral or inhaled corticosteroids, emergency department treatment, serious adverse events or added maintenance therapy because of @entity565 ). RESULTS: With adjustable dosing, significantly fewer @entity1 experienced exacerbations compared with fixed dosing (4.0% versus 8.9%, P=0.002; number needed to treat=21 [95% CI 13 to 59]). @entity1 required 36% fewer overall doses of @entity4184 / @entity6410 (2.5 versus 3.9 inhalations/day, P<0.001), and total costs per @entity1 were lower (difference over five months -141 Canadian dollars [95% CI -162 Canadian dollars to -116 Canadian dollars]). Asthma symptom severity (modified National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute stage) was maintained or improved in 97% or greater of @entity1 in both groups (pre-run-in to end of treatment). Both treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4184 / @entity6410 adjustable maintenance dosing provided more effective @entity565 control than fixed dosing, with a lower overall drug dose and reduced total cost.

title: Adjustable maintenance dosing with @entity4184 / XXXX reduces @entity565 exacerbations compared with traditional fixed dosing: a five-month multicentre Canadian study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['Budesonide', 'budesonide']

entities_list: @entity6410 :: ('MESH:C012629', 'Chemical') :: ['formoterol']

entities_list: @entity28304 :: ('MESH:C452428', 'Chemical') :: ['Symbicort']

answer: @entity6410 :: (MESH:C012629,Chemical) :: ['formoterol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adjustable maintenance dosing with @entity4184 / @entity6410 in a single inhaler ( @entity28304 , AstraZeneca, Lund, Sweden) may provide a convenient means of maintaining @entity565 control with the minimum effective medication level. OBJECTIVES: To compare adjustable and fixed maintenance dosing regimens of @entity4184 / @entity6410 in @entity565 . METHODS: This was an open-label, randomized, parallel-group, multicentre, Canadian study of @entity565 @entity1 (aged 12 years or older, postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s 70% or greater of predicted normal). Following a one-month run-in on @entity4184 / @entity6410 (100/6 mg or 200/6 mg metered doses, two inhalations twice daily), 995 @entity1 were randomly assigned either to continue on this fixed dosing regimen or to receive @entity4184 / @entity6410 adjustable dosing (step down to one inhalation twice daily if symptoms were controlled or temporarily step up to four inhalations twice daily for seven or 14 days if @entity565 worsened). The primary efficacy variable was the occurrence of exacerbations (requiring oral or inhaled corticosteroids, emergency department treatment, serious adverse events or added maintenance therapy because of @entity565 ). RESULTS: With adjustable dosing, significantly fewer @entity1 experienced exacerbations compared with fixed dosing (4.0% versus 8.9%, P=0.002; number needed to treat=21 [95% CI 13 to 59]). @entity1 required 36% fewer overall doses of @entity4184 / @entity6410 (2.5 versus 3.9 inhalations/day, P<0.001), and total costs per @entity1 were lower (difference over five months -141 Canadian dollars [95% CI -162 Canadian dollars to -116 Canadian dollars]). Asthma symptom severity (modified National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute stage) was maintained or improved in 97% or greater of @entity1 in both groups (pre-run-in to end of treatment). Both treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4184 / @entity6410 adjustable maintenance dosing provided more effective @entity565 control than fixed dosing, with a lower overall drug dose and reduced total cost.

title: Adjustable maintenance dosing with XXXX / @entity6410 reduces @entity565 exacerbations compared with traditional fixed dosing: a five-month multicentre Canadian study.

answer: @entity4184 :: (MESH:D019819,Chemical) :: ['budesonide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adjustable maintenance dosing with @entity4184 / @entity6410 in a single inhaler ( @entity28304 , AstraZeneca, Lund, Sweden) may provide a convenient means of maintaining @entity565 control with the minimum effective medication level. OBJECTIVES: To compare adjustable and fixed maintenance dosing regimens of @entity4184 / @entity6410 in @entity565 . METHODS: This was an open-label, randomized, parallel-group, multicentre, Canadian study of @entity565 @entity1 (aged 12 years or older, postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s 70% or greater of predicted normal). Following a one-month run-in on @entity4184 / @entity6410 (100/6 mg or 200/6 mg metered doses, two inhalations twice daily), 995 @entity1 were randomly assigned either to continue on this fixed dosing regimen or to receive @entity4184 / @entity6410 adjustable dosing (step down to one inhalation twice daily if symptoms were controlled or temporarily step up to four inhalations twice daily for seven or 14 days if @entity565 worsened). The primary efficacy variable was the occurrence of exacerbations (requiring oral or inhaled corticosteroids, emergency department treatment, serious adverse events or added maintenance therapy because of @entity565 ). RESULTS: With adjustable dosing, significantly fewer @entity1 experienced exacerbations compared with fixed dosing (4.0% versus 8.9%, P=0.002; number needed to treat=21 [95% CI 13 to 59]). @entity1 required 36% fewer overall doses of @entity4184 / @entity6410 (2.5 versus 3.9 inhalations/day, P<0.001), and total costs per @entity1 were lower (difference over five months -141 Canadian dollars [95% CI -162 Canadian dollars to -116 Canadian dollars]). Asthma symptom severity (modified National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute stage) was maintained or improved in 97% or greater of @entity1 in both groups (pre-run-in to end of treatment). Both treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4184 / @entity6410 adjustable maintenance dosing provided more effective @entity565 control than fixed dosing, with a lower overall drug dose and reduced total cost.

title: Adjustable maintenance dosing with @entity4184 / @entity6410 reduces XXXX exacerbations compared with traditional fixed dosing: a five-month multicentre Canadian study.

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: @entity827 ( @entity827 ) is an @entity74 characterized by recurring short attacks of @entity221 and @entity11534 . @entity2783 is the worst complication of the disease and often determines the prognosis. The @entity16498 gene, on chromosome 16p13.3, is responsible for the disease and around 30 mutations have been reported to date. @entity3812 is the standard @entity827 treatment today, and prevents both @entity527 in 95% of @entity1 . Here we describe a three-generation Spanish kindred with five family members affected by a severe periodic @entity32 associated with @entity12042 and @entity3812 unresponsiveness. Clinical diagnosis of @entity827 was made based on the Tel-Hashomer criteria set. Genetic analyses revealed that all subjects were heterozygous for the new @entity70952 @entity16498 variant, segregating with the disease. In addition, mutations in the @entity10736 and @entity5704 / @entity5704 / @entity5704 genes, related to the @entity74 , were ruled out. However, the dominant inheritance of the disease, the long @entity221 episodes with a predominant joint involvement, and the resistance to @entity3812 in these @entity1 raise the question of whether the @entity827 seen in this kindred is a true @entity827 with unusual manifestations or rather another @entity16498 -associated @entity827 . We conclude that the new @entity70952 @entity16498 mutation is the dominant pathological variant causing the @entity32 in this kindred and that full-length analyses of the @entity16498 gene are needed to obtain an adequate diagnosis of @entity1 with clinical suspicion of a @entity8649 , especially those from non-ancestral populations.

title: A severe @entity74 with @entity12042 and @entity3812 resistance associated to the @entity16498 @entity70952 variant in a Spanish kindred: an unusual familial Mediterranean XXXX phenotype or another @entity16498 -associated periodic @entity32 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disorder', 'inflammatory periodic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity12042 :: ('MESH:C538249', 'Disease') :: ['renal AA amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['attacks and amyloid deposition']

entities_list: @entity827 :: ('MESH:D010505', 'Disease') :: ['definite FMF disease', 'Familial Mediterranean fever', 'periodic syndrome', 'FMF disease', 'FMF']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['Secondary AA amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive disease', 'dominantly inherited autoinflammatory periodic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity3812 :: ('MESH:D003078', 'Chemical') :: ['Colchicine', 'colchicine']

entities_list: @entity8649 :: ('MESH:D056660', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary periodic fever syndrome']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['fever']


abstract: @entity827 ( @entity827 ) is an @entity74 characterized by recurring short attacks of @entity221 and @entity11534 . @entity2783 is the worst complication of the disease and often determines the prognosis. The @entity16498 gene, on chromosome 16p13.3, is responsible for the disease and around 30 mutations have been reported to date. @entity3812 is the standard @entity827 treatment today, and prevents both @entity527 in 95% of @entity1 . Here we describe a three-generation Spanish kindred with five family members affected by a severe periodic @entity32 associated with @entity12042 and @entity3812 unresponsiveness. Clinical diagnosis of @entity827 was made based on the Tel-Hashomer criteria set. Genetic analyses revealed that all subjects were heterozygous for the new @entity70952 @entity16498 variant, segregating with the disease. In addition, mutations in the @entity10736 and @entity5704 / @entity5704 / @entity5704 genes, related to the @entity74 , were ruled out. However, the dominant inheritance of the disease, the long @entity221 episodes with a predominant joint involvement, and the resistance to @entity3812 in these @entity1 raise the question of whether the @entity827 seen in this kindred is a true @entity827 with unusual manifestations or rather another @entity16498 -associated @entity827 . We conclude that the new @entity70952 @entity16498 mutation is the dominant pathological variant causing the @entity32 in this kindred and that full-length analyses of the @entity16498 gene are needed to obtain an adequate diagnosis of @entity1 with clinical suspicion of a @entity8649 , especially those from non-ancestral populations.

title: A severe @entity74 with @entity12042 and XXXX resistance associated to the @entity16498 @entity70952 variant in a Spanish kindred: an unusual familial Mediterranean @entity221 phenotype or another @entity16498 -associated periodic @entity32 ?

answer: @entity3812 :: (MESH:D003078,Chemical) :: ['colchicine']


abstract: @entity827 ( @entity827 ) is an @entity74 characterized by recurring short attacks of @entity221 and @entity11534 . @entity2783 is the worst complication of the disease and often determines the prognosis. The @entity16498 gene, on chromosome 16p13.3, is responsible for the disease and around 30 mutations have been reported to date. @entity3812 is the standard @entity827 treatment today, and prevents both @entity527 in 95% of @entity1 . Here we describe a three-generation Spanish kindred with five family members affected by a severe periodic @entity32 associated with @entity12042 and @entity3812 unresponsiveness. Clinical diagnosis of @entity827 was made based on the Tel-Hashomer criteria set. Genetic analyses revealed that all subjects were heterozygous for the new @entity70952 @entity16498 variant, segregating with the disease. In addition, mutations in the @entity10736 and @entity5704 / @entity5704 / @entity5704 genes, related to the @entity74 , were ruled out. However, the dominant inheritance of the disease, the long @entity221 episodes with a predominant joint involvement, and the resistance to @entity3812 in these @entity1 raise the question of whether the @entity827 seen in this kindred is a true @entity827 with unusual manifestations or rather another @entity16498 -associated @entity827 . We conclude that the new @entity70952 @entity16498 mutation is the dominant pathological variant causing the @entity32 in this kindred and that full-length analyses of the @entity16498 gene are needed to obtain an adequate diagnosis of @entity1 with clinical suspicion of a @entity8649 , especially those from non-ancestral populations.

title: A severe @entity74 with XXXX and @entity3812 resistance associated to the @entity16498 @entity70952 variant in a Spanish kindred: an unusual familial Mediterranean @entity221 phenotype or another @entity16498 -associated periodic @entity32 ?

answer: @entity12042 :: (MESH:C538249,Disease) :: ['renal AA amyloidosis']


abstract: @entity827 ( @entity827 ) is an @entity74 characterized by recurring short attacks of @entity221 and @entity11534 . @entity2783 is the worst complication of the disease and often determines the prognosis. The @entity16498 gene, on chromosome 16p13.3, is responsible for the disease and around 30 mutations have been reported to date. @entity3812 is the standard @entity827 treatment today, and prevents both @entity527 in 95% of @entity1 . Here we describe a three-generation Spanish kindred with five family members affected by a severe periodic @entity32 associated with @entity12042 and @entity3812 unresponsiveness. Clinical diagnosis of @entity827 was made based on the Tel-Hashomer criteria set. Genetic analyses revealed that all subjects were heterozygous for the new @entity70952 @entity16498 variant, segregating with the disease. In addition, mutations in the @entity10736 and @entity5704 / @entity5704 / @entity5704 genes, related to the @entity74 , were ruled out. However, the dominant inheritance of the disease, the long @entity221 episodes with a predominant joint involvement, and the resistance to @entity3812 in these @entity1 raise the question of whether the @entity827 seen in this kindred is a true @entity827 with unusual manifestations or rather another @entity16498 -associated @entity827 . We conclude that the new @entity70952 @entity16498 mutation is the dominant pathological variant causing the @entity32 in this kindred and that full-length analyses of the @entity16498 gene are needed to obtain an adequate diagnosis of @entity1 with clinical suspicion of a @entity8649 , especially those from non-ancestral populations.

title: A severe XXXX with @entity12042 and @entity3812 resistance associated to the @entity16498 @entity70952 variant in a Spanish kindred: an unusual familial Mediterranean @entity221 phenotype or another @entity16498 -associated periodic @entity32 ?

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['autosomal-dominant periodic inflammatory disorder']


abstract: @entity827 ( @entity827 ) is an @entity74 characterized by recurring short attacks of @entity221 and @entity11534 . @entity2783 is the worst complication of the disease and often determines the prognosis. The @entity16498 gene, on chromosome 16p13.3, is responsible for the disease and around 30 mutations have been reported to date. @entity3812 is the standard @entity827 treatment today, and prevents both @entity527 in 95% of @entity1 . Here we describe a three-generation Spanish kindred with five family members affected by a severe periodic @entity32 associated with @entity12042 and @entity3812 unresponsiveness. Clinical diagnosis of @entity827 was made based on the Tel-Hashomer criteria set. Genetic analyses revealed that all subjects were heterozygous for the new @entity70952 @entity16498 variant, segregating with the disease. In addition, mutations in the @entity10736 and @entity5704 / @entity5704 / @entity5704 genes, related to the @entity74 , were ruled out. However, the dominant inheritance of the disease, the long @entity221 episodes with a predominant joint involvement, and the resistance to @entity3812 in these @entity1 raise the question of whether the @entity827 seen in this kindred is a true @entity827 with unusual manifestations or rather another @entity16498 -associated @entity827 . We conclude that the new @entity70952 @entity16498 mutation is the dominant pathological variant causing the @entity32 in this kindred and that full-length analyses of the @entity16498 gene are needed to obtain an adequate diagnosis of @entity1 with clinical suspicion of a @entity8649 , especially those from non-ancestral populations.

title: A severe @entity74 with @entity12042 and @entity3812 resistance associated to the @entity16498 @entity70952 variant in a Spanish kindred: an unusual familial Mediterranean @entity221 phenotype or another @entity16498 -associated periodic XXXX ?

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammatory disorder']


abstract: @entity827 ( @entity827 ) is an @entity74 characterized by recurring short attacks of @entity221 and @entity11534 . @entity2783 is the worst complication of the disease and often determines the prognosis. The @entity16498 gene, on chromosome 16p13.3, is responsible for the disease and around 30 mutations have been reported to date. @entity3812 is the standard @entity827 treatment today, and prevents both @entity527 in 95% of @entity1 . Here we describe a three-generation Spanish kindred with five family members affected by a severe periodic @entity32 associated with @entity12042 and @entity3812 unresponsiveness. Clinical diagnosis of @entity827 was made based on the Tel-Hashomer criteria set. Genetic analyses revealed that all subjects were heterozygous for the new @entity70952 @entity16498 variant, segregating with the disease. In addition, mutations in the @entity10736 and @entity5704 / @entity5704 / @entity5704 genes, related to the @entity74 , were ruled out. However, the dominant inheritance of the disease, the long @entity221 episodes with a predominant joint involvement, and the resistance to @entity3812 in these @entity1 raise the question of whether the @entity827 seen in this kindred is a true @entity827 with unusual manifestations or rather another @entity16498 -associated @entity827 . We conclude that the new @entity70952 @entity16498 mutation is the dominant pathological variant causing the @entity32 in this kindred and that full-length analyses of the @entity16498 gene are needed to obtain an adequate diagnosis of @entity1 with clinical suspicion of a @entity8649 , especially those from non-ancestral populations.

title: A severe @entity74 with @entity12042 and @entity3812 resistance associated to the XXXX @entity70952 variant in a Spanish kindred: an unusual familial Mediterranean @entity221 phenotype or another @entity16498 -associated periodic @entity32 ?

answer: @entity16498 :: (4210,Gene) :: ['MEFV']


abstract: @entity827 ( @entity827 ) is an @entity74 characterized by recurring short attacks of @entity221 and @entity11534 . @entity2783 is the worst complication of the disease and often determines the prognosis. The @entity16498 gene, on chromosome 16p13.3, is responsible for the disease and around 30 mutations have been reported to date. @entity3812 is the standard @entity827 treatment today, and prevents both @entity527 in 95% of @entity1 . Here we describe a three-generation Spanish kindred with five family members affected by a severe periodic @entity32 associated with @entity12042 and @entity3812 unresponsiveness. Clinical diagnosis of @entity827 was made based on the Tel-Hashomer criteria set. Genetic analyses revealed that all subjects were heterozygous for the new @entity70952 @entity16498 variant, segregating with the disease. In addition, mutations in the @entity10736 and @entity5704 / @entity5704 / @entity5704 genes, related to the @entity74 , were ruled out. However, the dominant inheritance of the disease, the long @entity221 episodes with a predominant joint involvement, and the resistance to @entity3812 in these @entity1 raise the question of whether the @entity827 seen in this kindred is a true @entity827 with unusual manifestations or rather another @entity16498 -associated @entity827 . We conclude that the new @entity70952 @entity16498 mutation is the dominant pathological variant causing the @entity32 in this kindred and that full-length analyses of the @entity16498 gene are needed to obtain an adequate diagnosis of @entity1 with clinical suspicion of a @entity8649 , especially those from non-ancestral populations.

title: A severe @entity74 with @entity12042 and @entity3812 resistance associated to the @entity16498 @entity70952 variant in a Spanish kindred: an unusual familial Mediterranean @entity221 phenotype or another XXXX -associated periodic @entity32 ?

answer: @entity16498 :: (4210,Gene) :: ['MEFV']


abstract: @entity827 ( @entity827 ) is an @entity74 characterized by recurring short attacks of @entity221 and @entity11534 . @entity2783 is the worst complication of the disease and often determines the prognosis. The @entity16498 gene, on chromosome 16p13.3, is responsible for the disease and around 30 mutations have been reported to date. @entity3812 is the standard @entity827 treatment today, and prevents both @entity527 in 95% of @entity1 . Here we describe a three-generation Spanish kindred with five family members affected by a severe periodic @entity32 associated with @entity12042 and @entity3812 unresponsiveness. Clinical diagnosis of @entity827 was made based on the Tel-Hashomer criteria set. Genetic analyses revealed that all subjects were heterozygous for the new @entity70952 @entity16498 variant, segregating with the disease. In addition, mutations in the @entity10736 and @entity5704 / @entity5704 / @entity5704 genes, related to the @entity74 , were ruled out. However, the dominant inheritance of the disease, the long @entity221 episodes with a predominant joint involvement, and the resistance to @entity3812 in these @entity1 raise the question of whether the @entity827 seen in this kindred is a true @entity827 with unusual manifestations or rather another @entity16498 -associated @entity827 . We conclude that the new @entity70952 @entity16498 mutation is the dominant pathological variant causing the @entity32 in this kindred and that full-length analyses of the @entity16498 gene are needed to obtain an adequate diagnosis of @entity1 with clinical suspicion of a @entity8649 , especially those from non-ancestral populations.

title: A severe @entity74 with @entity12042 and @entity3812 resistance associated to the @entity16498 XXXX variant in a Spanish kindred: an unusual familial Mediterranean @entity221 phenotype or another @entity16498 -associated periodic @entity32 ?

answer: @entity70952 :: (p|SUB|H|478|Y,ProteinMutation) :: ['H478Y']


abstract: Two adolescents presented with a history of @entity1353 upon exertion and cough. In both cases, the chest X-ray and pulmonary function testing, including flow-volume loop, were normal. A @entity5 was diagnosed by CT scan, which was ordered after each @entity1 had an episode of hemoptysis. The sedimentation rate was the only abnormal laboratory test in both cases. @entity3975 of the bronchus, a rare @entity5 in childhood, was found at pathology in both cases. There was no evidence of @entity3 to local lymph nodes or distal sites. There were 47 previously reported cases in @entity1 . Recurrent @entity55 and persistent cough were the most common presenting findings. These @entity5 are of low-grade malignant potential but they can become locally invasive, extending into cartilage and surrounding soft tissue. Prognosis is good with complete resection.

title: XXXX of the bronchus presenting with a negative chest X-ray and normal pulmonary function in two teenagers: two case reports and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3975 :: ('MESH:D018277', 'Disease') :: ['Mucoepidermoid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'bronchial tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3975 :: (MESH:D018277,Disease) :: ['Mucoepidermoid carcinoma']


abstract: Nowadays most issues regarding @entity66 are described as @entity4096 ( @entity4096 )-which is defined as all symptoms that manifestate as impaired blood outflow from the lower limbs or in general the result of @entity1503 in the deep and superficial venous system. Due to the fact that the symptomatology of @entity66 is wide, the treatment should be multioriented and often as well multi-specialized. The treatment of @entity4096 needs a good understanding of the etiology of the primary insufficiency of the superficial and the deep venous systems. The main purpose of the surgical therapy is to remove the reflux in the great saphenous vein and the perforating veins. Additionally, during the surgical treatment the various veins should be removed in a way that gives the best cosmetic effect. In this article we presented the analysis of different surgical treatments in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity4096 2-4 grade according to @entity17622 scale. The @entity1 were hospitalized in our Clinic between april 1998 and april 2003. This group consisted of 311 @entity1 , among them were 257 @entity1 with primary varices, 25 @entity1 with recurrent varices and 29 with @entity2979 . The choice of surgery was based on clinical examination and the result of venous USG. The most frequent (62%) surgical therapy was removal of the great saphenous vein with miniphlebectomy. To make the treatment more efficient we used the endoscopic method of obliteration of the insufficient perforating veins in lower limbs, called subfascial endoscopic perforating surgery (SEPS).

title: [Surgical treatment of XXXX in own material].

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['venous diseases', 'venous disorders']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood stasis']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['CVI', 'chronic venous insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity2979 :: ('MESH:D054070', 'Disease') :: ['postthrombotic syndrome']

answer: @entity4096 :: (MESH:D014689,Disease) :: ['chronic venous insufficiency']


abstract: The healing process of telescopic anastomoses was found in an animal experiment with 12 mongrel @entity235 . After the division of vessels an ileal segment of different length was invaginated into the lumen of the colon using single-layer interrupted sutures. The following four groups were used: Group A (n = 3): end-to-side ileocolostomy, single-layer interrupted suture (invagination length: 0 mm), survival time: 21 days. Group B (n = 3): invagination length: 20 mm, survival time: 7 days. Group C (n = 3): invagination length: 10 mm, survival time: 21 days. Group D (n = 3): invagination length: 20 mm, survival time: 21 days. At the end of the above survival times the @entity254 area was removed. The bursting pressure was measured and morphological as well as histological examinations were performed. In each case the 0-day look-alikes of anastomoses were performed using the remnant bowels, and bursting pressure measurements were done on these models as well. @entity254 leakage did not occur. The serosal layer of the intracolonic part of the ileum disappeared during the healing process. The free surface of the intracolonic ileal segment became covered by the sliding mucosa of the colon and the prolapsing mucosa of the ileum. The following could be concluded after the experiments: The inner pressure tolerance of a telescopic ileocolostomy promptly after preparation is better than in case of another single-layer @entity254 . This fact results in increased safety against leakage on the first postoperative days. The inner pressure tolerance of the telescopic ileocolostomy increases during the healing process and it does not depend on the length of the invaginated part (0 day-20 mm: 56 mmHg +/- 6, Group A: 252 +/- 39, Group B: 154 +/- 19, Group C: 249 +/- 20, Group D: 298 +/- 2). There is no difference in pressure tolerance between the telescopic and the end-to-side single-layer interrupted anastomoses after the healing process. The invaginated section within the lumen of the large intestine does not suffer ischaemic or any other kind of damage. This inexpensive and simple @entity254 technique could be useful in the veterinary surgical practice as well.

title: Operation technique and healing process of telescopic ileocolostomy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['Anastomosis', 'anastomosis']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: In asymptomatic or symptomatic @entity1 with an audible click and late systolic murmur, @entity3454 can be assumed to be present, the pathologic-anatomical substrate of which is characterized by myxomatous changes in the mitral valve leaflets and collagen degeneration of the chordae tendineae. The conclusion that all @entity1 with a systolic click have a diseased mitral valve and are at risk of complications is probably excessive. In the presence of an unequivocally-audible click and/or late systolic murmur, an echocardiogram for confirmation of the diagnosis is not necessary. If the auscultatory findings are uncertain, an M-mode recording and, because of its high sensitivity and specificity, a two-dimensional display from the @entity1162 view should be obtained. From the apical four-chamber view, false-positive findings may be incurred. A small percentage of @entity1 with @entity3454 have complaints which can be assumed attributable to disturbances in the neuroendocrine system (Tables 1 and 3). To what extent a relationship actually exists between @entity5433 and @entity3454 and whether or not this is coincidental, remains unclear. Treatment of the symptoms with anxiolytic drugs or beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents is only indicated for disabling complaints if reassurance and psychological support are ineffective. Complaints of @entity662 are atypical for @entity951 . Supraventricular and @entity943 may be observed (Table 3), the initial step in the management of which is to advise avoidance of irritants such as coffee, @entity286 and emotional stress. Medical treatment is only indicated for hemodynamically-meaningful @entity943 and in those @entity1 in whom an increased risk of @entity944 is present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Understanding XXXX ( @entity3454 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity3454 :: ('MESH:D008945', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve prolapse']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['parasternal long-axis']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

answer: @entity3454 :: (MESH:D008945,Disease) :: ['mitral valve prolapse']


abstract: In asymptomatic or symptomatic @entity1 with an audible click and late systolic murmur, @entity3454 can be assumed to be present, the pathologic-anatomical substrate of which is characterized by myxomatous changes in the mitral valve leaflets and collagen degeneration of the chordae tendineae. The conclusion that all @entity1 with a systolic click have a diseased mitral valve and are at risk of complications is probably excessive. In the presence of an unequivocally-audible click and/or late systolic murmur, an echocardiogram for confirmation of the diagnosis is not necessary. If the auscultatory findings are uncertain, an M-mode recording and, because of its high sensitivity and specificity, a two-dimensional display from the @entity1162 view should be obtained. From the apical four-chamber view, false-positive findings may be incurred. A small percentage of @entity1 with @entity3454 have complaints which can be assumed attributable to disturbances in the neuroendocrine system (Tables 1 and 3). To what extent a relationship actually exists between @entity5433 and @entity3454 and whether or not this is coincidental, remains unclear. Treatment of the symptoms with anxiolytic drugs or beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents is only indicated for disabling complaints if reassurance and psychological support are ineffective. Complaints of @entity662 are atypical for @entity951 . Supraventricular and @entity943 may be observed (Table 3), the initial step in the management of which is to advise avoidance of irritants such as coffee, @entity286 and emotional stress. Medical treatment is only indicated for hemodynamically-meaningful @entity943 and in those @entity1 in whom an increased risk of @entity944 is present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Understanding @entity3454 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity3454 :: (MESH:D008945,Disease) :: ['MVP']


abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor family. The hypolipidemic fibrates and the antidiabetic glitazones are synthetic ligands for @entity5601 and @entity6864 , respectively. Furthermore, @entity1718 and @entity1813 are natural @entity5601 ligands. PPARs function as regulators of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and @entity413 homeostasis and influence cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. @entity5601 is highly expressed in tissues such as liver, muscle, kidney and heart, where it stimulates the beta-oxidative degradation of @entity1718 . @entity5601 furthermore mediates the action of the hypolipidemic drugs of the fibrate class on plasma lipoprotein metabolism. @entity6864 is predominantly expressed in intestine and adipose tissue. @entity6864 triggers adipocyte differentiation and promotes lipid storage. In addition, PPARs play a role in @entity32 control. @entity5601 activators inhibit the activation of inflammatory response genes by negatively interfering with the NF-kappa B and AP-1 signalling pathways. @entity5601 activators exert these anti-inflammatory activities in different immunological and vascular wall cell types such as monocyte-macrophages, endothelial, epithelial and smooth muscle cells in which PPARs are expressed. These findings indicate a modulatory role for PPARs in the control of the inflammatory response with potential therapeutic applications in @entity32 -related diseases, such as @entity731 .

title: [Role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARS) in the regulation of lipids and XXXX control].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1813 :: ('MESH:D015777', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosanoids']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: Of decisive importance for the outcome of burn victims are the depth and extent of the burn, and the age and general state of health of the @entity1 . At the site of the injury, the most important initial measure is the abundant application of cold water to the undressed victim. Early intubation of the burn victim should not be employed too readily. When the burns cover more than 10% of the body surface there is an acute danger of shock, and rapid fluid replacement must be aggressively pursued; the infused volume is calculated on the basis of the extent of the burn (Parkland formula). To treat @entity158 , the i.v. administration of opiates or @entity3652 in combination with @entity1245 has proven value. The onsite management of the burns should be restricted to the application of sterile dressings. Grade 1 and 2a burns may be treated out of hospital by cooling, cold water application, burn ointment dressings. More severe burns require hospitalization and surgical management. Since the severity of burn @entity130 is often underestimated, rapid hospitalization is to be recommended.

title: [Cooling and irrigation, volume replacement, XXXX management. First aid in burns].

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate: (1) the factors associated with the development of @entity790 , (2) the incidence of urinary and @entity322 following closure of the @entity292 and (3) the urodynamic findings in @entity1 with persistent @entity322 . DESIGN: An observational clinical study. SETTING: A specialised @entity292 unit in a developing country. POPULATION: @entity1 following successful anatomical closure of @entity790 . METHODS: Fifty-five @entity1 were enrolled from the Fistula Hospital in Ethiopia, following obstetric @entity292 repair. Their case records were reviewed and details regarding (1) antecedent obstetric factors, (2) the site, size and type of @entity292 and (3) pre-operative @entity1494 mobility and vaginal scarring were recorded. All @entity1 were questioned regarding symptoms of @entity322 . @entity1 reporting @entity322 following @entity292 repair underwent urodynamic investigations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical and urodynamic assessment. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 23 years (range 16-45 years). The @entity292 in 38 @entity1 (69%) followed the first delivery and in 17 @entity1 (31%) following a subsequent delivery. The mean duration of labour was four days (range 1-9 days). Forty-four @entity1 (80%) had an isolated @entity789 and 11 (20%) had a combined vesico-vaginal and @entity12478 . The mean diameter of the @entity292 was 2.9 cm (0.5-6 cm). Successful repair occurred in all @entity1 . Thirty @entity1 (55%) reported persistent @entity322 and 21 (38%) altered faecal continence at follow up. In the former group, urodynamic investigations identified genuine stress @entity322 in 17 @entity1 (31%), detrusor instability in two (4%) and mixed @entity322 in 11 (20%). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the high rate of successful closure of the @entity292 in a specialised @entity292 unit, but highlights the problem of persistent @entity322 following closure.

title: Urinary and XXXX following delayed primary @entity790 .

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['faecal incontinence', 'urinary incontinence', 'incontinence', 'faecal and urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder neck']

entities_list: @entity12478 :: ('MESH:D014624', 'Disease') :: ['recto-vaginal fistula']

entities_list: @entity789 :: ('MESH:D014719', 'Disease') :: ['vesico-vaginal fistula']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric genitourinary fistula']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['faecal incontinence']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate: (1) the factors associated with the development of @entity790 , (2) the incidence of urinary and @entity322 following closure of the @entity292 and (3) the urodynamic findings in @entity1 with persistent @entity322 . DESIGN: An observational clinical study. SETTING: A specialised @entity292 unit in a developing country. POPULATION: @entity1 following successful anatomical closure of @entity790 . METHODS: Fifty-five @entity1 were enrolled from the Fistula Hospital in Ethiopia, following obstetric @entity292 repair. Their case records were reviewed and details regarding (1) antecedent obstetric factors, (2) the site, size and type of @entity292 and (3) pre-operative @entity1494 mobility and vaginal scarring were recorded. All @entity1 were questioned regarding symptoms of @entity322 . @entity1 reporting @entity322 following @entity292 repair underwent urodynamic investigations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical and urodynamic assessment. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 23 years (range 16-45 years). The @entity292 in 38 @entity1 (69%) followed the first delivery and in 17 @entity1 (31%) following a subsequent delivery. The mean duration of labour was four days (range 1-9 days). Forty-four @entity1 (80%) had an isolated @entity789 and 11 (20%) had a combined vesico-vaginal and @entity12478 . The mean diameter of the @entity292 was 2.9 cm (0.5-6 cm). Successful repair occurred in all @entity1 . Thirty @entity1 (55%) reported persistent @entity322 and 21 (38%) altered faecal continence at follow up. In the former group, urodynamic investigations identified genuine stress @entity322 in 17 @entity1 (31%), detrusor instability in two (4%) and mixed @entity322 in 11 (20%). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the high rate of successful closure of the @entity292 in a specialised @entity292 unit, but highlights the problem of persistent @entity322 following closure.

title: Urinary and @entity322 following delayed primary XXXX .

answer: @entity790 :: (MESH:D014564,Disease) :: ['repair of obstetric genital fistula']


abstract: In cases of tracheal compression by a mediastinal mass or @entity449 , muscle relaxant might induce fetal @entity177 . It is known to be valuable to keep spontaneous @entity1353 in these cases. A 42-years-old @entity1 complicated with @entity1614 had @entity1576 due to acute progression of @entity6184 caused by compression from the ascending and aortic @entity2849 . After the induction of general anesthesia for video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for high-pneumothorax, she was placed in lateral position. Suddenly it became difficult to ventilate her and her oxygenation saturation declined with @entity1168 . We returned her to supine position and then could manage to ventilate her easier. But we could not maintain stable ventilation until her spontaneous @entity1353 appeared. VATS was cancelled and she was brought in to the ICU after extubation. In the ICU she developed @entity649 again soon and was reintubated under consciousness guided by bronchofiber scope. We managed successfully to keep spontaneous @entity1353 intact under proper sedation by three sedative drugs; @entity1875 , @entity1363 and @entity1286 for 5 days until the next operation. We realized the importance of maintaining spontaneous @entity1353 under proper sedation in a case of severe @entity6184 .

title: [Respiratory management in a @entity1 with severe @entity6184 caused by compression from the ascending XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ['Marfan syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6184 :: ('MESH:D014135', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['ventilatory failure']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['acute respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity449 :: (MESH:D001014,Disease) :: ['aortic arch aneurysm']


abstract: In cases of tracheal compression by a mediastinal mass or @entity449 , muscle relaxant might induce fetal @entity177 . It is known to be valuable to keep spontaneous @entity1353 in these cases. A 42-years-old @entity1 complicated with @entity1614 had @entity1576 due to acute progression of @entity6184 caused by compression from the ascending and aortic @entity2849 . After the induction of general anesthesia for video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for high-pneumothorax, she was placed in lateral position. Suddenly it became difficult to ventilate her and her oxygenation saturation declined with @entity1168 . We returned her to supine position and then could manage to ventilate her easier. But we could not maintain stable ventilation until her spontaneous @entity1353 appeared. VATS was cancelled and she was brought in to the ICU after extubation. In the ICU she developed @entity649 again soon and was reintubated under consciousness guided by bronchofiber scope. We managed successfully to keep spontaneous @entity1353 intact under proper sedation by three sedative drugs; @entity1875 , @entity1363 and @entity1286 for 5 days until the next operation. We realized the importance of maintaining spontaneous @entity1353 under proper sedation in a case of severe @entity6184 .

title: [Respiratory management in a @entity1 with severe XXXX caused by compression from the ascending @entity449 ].

answer: @entity6184 :: (MESH:D014135,Disease) :: ['tracheal stenosis']


abstract: In cases of tracheal compression by a mediastinal mass or @entity449 , muscle relaxant might induce fetal @entity177 . It is known to be valuable to keep spontaneous @entity1353 in these cases. A 42-years-old @entity1 complicated with @entity1614 had @entity1576 due to acute progression of @entity6184 caused by compression from the ascending and aortic @entity2849 . After the induction of general anesthesia for video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for high-pneumothorax, she was placed in lateral position. Suddenly it became difficult to ventilate her and her oxygenation saturation declined with @entity1168 . We returned her to supine position and then could manage to ventilate her easier. But we could not maintain stable ventilation until her spontaneous @entity1353 appeared. VATS was cancelled and she was brought in to the ICU after extubation. In the ICU she developed @entity649 again soon and was reintubated under consciousness guided by bronchofiber scope. We managed successfully to keep spontaneous @entity1353 intact under proper sedation by three sedative drugs; @entity1875 , @entity1363 and @entity1286 for 5 days until the next operation. We realized the importance of maintaining spontaneous @entity1353 under proper sedation in a case of severe @entity6184 .

title: [Respiratory management in a XXXX with severe @entity6184 caused by compression from the ascending @entity449 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: @entity4606 ( @entity4606 ) acts on the bone metabolism. Menatetrenon (MK-4) is a @entity4606 homologue that has been used as a therapeutic agent for @entity170 in Japan. @entity35 models of immobilization induced by sciatic neurectomy are characterized by transiently increased bone resorption and sustained reduction in bone formation. Using such a @entity35 model, we investigated the efficacy of MK-4 on @entity604 . Male @entity35 were subjected to unilateral sciatic neurectomy and administered MK-4 for 28 d beginning day 21 after operation. The effect of MK-4 on the immobilized bone was assessed by measuring the bone mineral density of the femur, breaking force of the femoral diaphysis, and bone histomorphometry in tibial diaphysis. The @entity1555 on both the femoral distal metaphysis and diaphysis was reduced by sciatic neurectomy. The administration of MK-4 ameliorated this reduction in a dose-dependent manner. The administration of 30 mg/kg MK-4 ameliorated the reduction in bone strength. An improvement in bone formation was observed following the administration of MK-4. These results suggest that MK-4 has a therapeutic potential for immobilization-induced @entity2331 .

title: Menatetrenone ameliorates reduction in bone mineral density and bone strength in sciatic neurectomized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity4606 :: ('MESH:D024482', 'Chemical') :: ['menaquinone', 'vitamin K2', 'Vitamin K2']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Some evidence has suggested that graft rejection in heart transplant recipients is accompanied by @entity1817 . To test this hypothesis the electrocardiograms of 21 orthotopic heart transplant recipients receiving @entity205 were recorded at regularly scheduled biopsies. This resulted in 105 good quality recordings of at least 10 minutes each. All exhibited normal sinus rhythm. These recordings were then processed through patented digital routines that calculated the power spectrum of the RR intervals. All recordings exhibited Mayer wave and respiratory sinus @entity943 (RSA) periodicities. Peak spectral power of RSA (PSP-RSA) demonstrated good repeatability at 2 weeks (r = 0.81). A paired t test comparing the baseline PSP-RSA in eight subjects who experienced rejection episodes with their individual average PSP-RSA during periods of rejection revealed a significant decrease (p = 0.039). As a global measure, PSP-RSA greater than 1 (natural logarithmic scales) demonstrated a sensitivity of 1.0, specificity of 0.42, positive predictive value of 0.22, and negative predictive value of 1.0. These tentative results demonstrate that PSP-RSA may be a sensitive, noninvasive marker for graft rejection of heart transplant @entity1 receiving @entity205 for immunosuppression. A larger, more extensive study needs to be conducted to confirm these results.

title: Use of power spectral analysis of respiratory sinus XXXX to detect graft rejection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1817 :: ('MESH:D012804', 'Disease') :: ['sinus node dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmia']


abstract: @entity130 accounts for 3% to 10% of cervical @entity130 . @entity204 and severe @entity16 have been reported in more than 80% of blunt @entity130 . In our recent experience, 10 @entity1 sustained 18 blunt cervical @entity1317 : two internal carotid artery (ICA) dissections, three ICA transections with @entity2849 , five ICA @entity715 , two @entity4066 , one vertebral artery transection with @entity2849 , one @entity715 , one minimal @entity1317 , and three caroticocavernous @entity292 . A delay of more than 12 hours in making the diagnosis occurred in seven of the 10 @entity1 . The mental status was initially normal in seven @entity1 . The subsequent development of focal neurologic findings incongruent with CT scanning of the head prompted four-vessel angiography. Treatment was individualized and included supportive management, intravenous heparin, ligation, extracranial-intracranial bypass, and radiologic embolization. We have developed an angiographic classification that may aid management. Early angiography in @entity1 with neurologic findings incongruent with head CT scan or in whom a normal sensorium and @entity1269 are present may permit improved outcomes. We advocate direct operative repair for accessible lesions of recent onset. For surgically inaccessible lesions, those with delayed presentation or in some cases with a fixed @entity51 , intravenous heparin can be started and follow-up angiography, head CT scanning, and the @entity1 's clinical status determine further therapy.

title: Cervical XXXX after @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4066 :: ('MESH:D020217', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral artery dissections']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic impairment']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficit']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral artery injury', 'arterial injuries']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses', 'vertebral artery thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['carotid injuries', 'vessel injuries', 'Blunt trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['vessel injury']


abstract: @entity130 accounts for 3% to 10% of cervical @entity130 . @entity204 and severe @entity16 have been reported in more than 80% of blunt @entity130 . In our recent experience, 10 @entity1 sustained 18 blunt cervical @entity1317 : two internal carotid artery (ICA) dissections, three ICA transections with @entity2849 , five ICA @entity715 , two @entity4066 , one vertebral artery transection with @entity2849 , one @entity715 , one minimal @entity1317 , and three caroticocavernous @entity292 . A delay of more than 12 hours in making the diagnosis occurred in seven of the 10 @entity1 . The mental status was initially normal in seven @entity1 . The subsequent development of focal neurologic findings incongruent with CT scanning of the head prompted four-vessel angiography. Treatment was individualized and included supportive management, intravenous heparin, ligation, extracranial-intracranial bypass, and radiologic embolization. We have developed an angiographic classification that may aid management. Early angiography in @entity1 with neurologic findings incongruent with head CT scan or in whom a normal sensorium and @entity1269 are present may permit improved outcomes. We advocate direct operative repair for accessible lesions of recent onset. For surgically inaccessible lesions, those with delayed presentation or in some cases with a fixed @entity51 , intravenous heparin can be started and follow-up angiography, head CT scanning, and the @entity1 's clinical status determine further therapy.

title: Cervical @entity130 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['blunt trauma']


abstract: The study was conducted in 81 @entity1 of @entity302 with small single enhancing CT (SSECT) lesion in brain to determine the clinical profile and duration of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) treatment. The @entity1 were randomly divided into group A (41 cases) and group B (40 cases). Group A @entity1 were treated for 6 months and group B for 1 year with AEDS without cysticidal drugs. The most common mode of presentation was simple partial @entity410 with secondary generalization in both the groups. Repeat imaging of brain (CT/MRI) at 6 months showed disappearance of lesion in 82.94% in group A and 87% in group B, while persistence of lesion was present only in 4.87% in group A and 5% in group B. 87.81% @entity1 in group A and 87.17% in group B were @entity410 free. The recurrence of @entity410 occurred in 12.19% cases in group A, and 12.82% in group B. 80% of these @entity1 had @entity75 in both the groups. This study reveals that SSECT lesion with epilpesy is a benign self-limiting disease. It also reveals that 6 months AED treatment is as effective as one year treatment. @entity1 having @entity75 or persistence of lesion might require long term AED treatment.

title: Randomized prospective study of outcome of short term antiepileptic treatment in small single enhancing XXXX in brain.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'motor seizures']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['calcified lesion']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['CT lesion']


abstract: Goiters that descend into the mediastinum can cause respiratory embarrassment, @entity1282 , @entity2850 , @entity3746 , and @entity944 . Although many @entity5651 remain clinically silent, their ability to produce sudden and unpredictable @entity649 is well known. The condition was not considered uncommon in the first half of the twentieth century; some authors reported series of hundreds of thyroidectomies for @entity13209 . Though seen less frequently today, the only effective treatment for @entity5651 is surgical removal. We report our experience with the management of 70 consecutive @entity1 with substernal or @entity13209 . The clinical presentation, preoperative evaluation, operative technique, and results and complications of therapy are discussed. Consideration is also given to the pathogenesis of intrathoracic extension. The transcervical approach for resection is emphasized--even goiters extending to the aortic arch were safely removed without requiring sternotomy. A multidisciplinary team approach, including the surgeon, anesthesiologist, and endocrinologist, is essential. Because of more conservative trends in the selection of @entity1 for thyroidectomy, the incidence of @entity5651 may be increasing.

title: Management of substernal and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13209 :: ('MESH:D006045', 'Disease') :: ['intrathoracic goiter', 'intrathoracic goiters']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['vascular compression']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinal goiter', 'such goiters']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['vocal cord paralysis']

answer: @entity13209 :: (MESH:D006045,Disease) :: ['intrathoracic goiters']


abstract: Population aging has increased and will drastically increase the prevalence of @entity195 . The disease develops inexorably towards a syndrome of marked @entity73 , accompanied of emotional alterations and profound changes of personality. The @entity1 loses its autonomy, and requires special attention of caregivers; this leads to a decrease of the quality of life, not only of the @entity1 but also of its caregivers and family. The reduction of the number of functional nicotinic receptors in brain keeps pace with @entity16 and the severity of the disease (cholinergic theory of @entity195 ). There is a pleyade of data and observations reinforcing the idea that improving cholinergic neurotransmission is an investment in memory. Up to now, although with limited success, this improvement has been achieved only with the reversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase @entity2445 , @entity11544 and @entity8124 , available in the clinic since a few years. The last approved has been @entity11545 that in spite of being a modest inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, improves memory (ADAS cog test) and @entity73 of @entity195 @entity1 . To explain this therapeutic effect, a second mechanism of action for @entity11545 has been suggested, the positive allosteric modulation of presynaptic nicotinic receptors, that will favour the release of @entity934 and other neurotransmitters involved in memory formation. Furthermore, @entity11545 possesses neuroprotectant antiapoptotic effects, according to recent data from our laboratory. These effects provide new ideas and therapeutic targets that might help to find novel and efficacious treatments for @entity1 suffering @entity195 .

title: [Nicotinic Receptor, @entity11545 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'slows down cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity11545 :: ('MESH:D005702', 'Chemical') :: ['galantamine']

entities_list: @entity11544 :: ('MESH:C072506', 'Chemical') :: ['rivastigmine']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer', 'Alzheimer disease']

entities_list: @entity8124 :: ('MESH:C076946', 'Chemical') :: ['donepezil']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer disease']


abstract: Population aging has increased and will drastically increase the prevalence of @entity195 . The disease develops inexorably towards a syndrome of marked @entity73 , accompanied of emotional alterations and profound changes of personality. The @entity1 loses its autonomy, and requires special attention of caregivers; this leads to a decrease of the quality of life, not only of the @entity1 but also of its caregivers and family. The reduction of the number of functional nicotinic receptors in brain keeps pace with @entity16 and the severity of the disease (cholinergic theory of @entity195 ). There is a pleyade of data and observations reinforcing the idea that improving cholinergic neurotransmission is an investment in memory. Up to now, although with limited success, this improvement has been achieved only with the reversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase @entity2445 , @entity11544 and @entity8124 , available in the clinic since a few years. The last approved has been @entity11545 that in spite of being a modest inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, improves memory (ADAS cog test) and @entity73 of @entity195 @entity1 . To explain this therapeutic effect, a second mechanism of action for @entity11545 has been suggested, the positive allosteric modulation of presynaptic nicotinic receptors, that will favour the release of @entity934 and other neurotransmitters involved in memory formation. Furthermore, @entity11545 possesses neuroprotectant antiapoptotic effects, according to recent data from our laboratory. These effects provide new ideas and therapeutic targets that might help to find novel and efficacious treatments for @entity1 suffering @entity195 .

title: [Nicotinic Receptor, XXXX and @entity195 ].

answer: @entity11545 :: (MESH:D005702,Chemical) :: ['galantamine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The @entity10053 is an uncommon type of @entity5 . It accounts for less than 1% of all @entity5 of the central nervous system. It originates in the tanicytes, ependymal cells present in the embryo and usually seen in adolescents and young adults. Radiologically it presents as a well delimited, @entity5 with a solid component which takes up contrast and is cystic, giving the same signal as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The pathological characteristics are of the formation of radial astroblastic pseudorosettes with perivascular hyalinization. CASE REPORT: An 18 year old @entity1 presented with a 15 month history of motor deficit of her right limbs with occasional left frontal @entity10 and horizontal @entity892 on looking towards the left. On examination there was minimal claudication of the right limbs and @entity1621 . Magnetic resonance showed a very well circumscribed left prefrontal @entity5 of heterogeneous aspect, with areas of solid and cystic appearance in the different sequences. The area of cystic appearance did not show the CSF signal in all sequences of the pulse. The @entity5 was totally excised. On histological study there were radial astroblastic pseudorosettes with perivascular hyalinization, with two mitoses per 10 fields of great magnification and the final diagnosis was of low grade @entity10053 . The apparently cystic portion was composed of friable gelatinous tissue. Fifteen months after her operation the @entity1 is still asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: We report the radiological and pathological findings of a low grade @entity10053 .

title: [Low grade XXXX : pathological and magnetic resonance findings].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'glial tumour', 'tumours', 'heterogeneous tumour', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity10053 :: ('MESH:D018302', 'Disease') :: ['astroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity1621 :: ('MESH:C563492', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral papilloedema']

answer: @entity10053 :: (MESH:D018302,Disease) :: ['astroblastoma']


abstract: We have developed a scoring system to quantify extent of extracranial carotid artery @entity731 using real-time ultrasound (B-mode). To evaluate repeatability of this scoring system we correlated repeat scores obtained within a short interval of one another (6 months) in 52 individuals. We compared repeatability of extent measurements with repeatability of a measure of severity (single most severe lesion). Correlations between first and second studies for severity were weak (r2 = 0.20) but significant (p less than 0.001). Extent scores correlated much better (r2 = 0.77, p less than 0.001). In another group of 22 @entity1 we found that the extent of @entity731 decreased following endarterectomy. We used this method to determine changes in extent of @entity2998 with age in two sets of individuals. One consisted of a cohort of 22 @entity1 who underwent repeat B-mode studies separated by 1 1/2-3 years. This cohort demonstrated an increase in carotid score with age (p less than 0.05). In a second group of volunteers undergoing cardiac catheterization and B-mode evaluation of the carotid system, carotid scores could be compared in individuals with age differences that averaged 15 years. Extent of @entity2998 was significantly greater in older individuals (p less than 0.01) and differences in extent with age were exaggerated in @entity1 with @entity301 compared to @entity301 free controls.

title: Evaluation of a scoring system for extracranial XXXX extent with B-mode ultrasound.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

answer: @entity2998 :: (MESH:D002340,Disease) :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']


abstract: Cerebral blood flow and metabolism of @entity26 , @entity413 , and @entity880 were studied in 43 @entity1 undergoing aortocoronary bypass. Twenty-five @entity1 received @entity4770 infusion, 50 ng per kilogram of body weight per minute, during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and 18 @entity1 served as a control group. Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was studied by intraarterially injected xenon 133 and a single scintillation detector. @entity26 tension, @entity544 tension, @entity26 saturation, @entity413 , and @entity880 were measured in arterial and cerebral venous blood. Mean arterial blood pressure decreased during @entity2332 and @entity4770 infusion to less than 30 mm Hg. The regional CBF was, on average, 22 (standard deviation [SD] 4) ml/100 gm/min before CPB. It increased in the control group during @entity2332 to 34 (SD 12) ml/100 gm/min, but decreased in the @entity4770 group to 15 (SD 5) ml/100 gm/min. It increased during rewarming in the @entity4770 group. After CPB, regional CBF was about 40 ml/100 gm/min in both groups. The cerebral arteriovenous @entity26 pressure difference decreased more in the control group than in the @entity4770 group during @entity2332 . The cerebral metabolic rate of @entity26 decreased in both groups from approximately 2 ml/100 gm/min to about 1 ml/100 gm/min during @entity2332 , @entity101 during rewarming, and after CPB was at the levels measured before bypass in both groups. There was no difference between the groups in regard to @entity413 and @entity880 metabolism.

title: Cerebral blood flow and metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass with special reference to effects of hypotension induced by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increased again']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['prostacyclin']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity4770 :: (MESH:D011464,Chemical) :: ['prostacyclin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Infection of the central nervous system by @entity5125 appears in most cases as acute @entity693 which is indistinguishable from other types of acute @entity693 . Rombencephalitis is a rare form of neurolisteriosis, localized to the brainstem. The initial non specific symptoms may make early diagnosis difficult. CASE REPORT: We describe the clinical case of a previously healthy @entity1 who had @entity5125 infection localized to the brainstem. Her initial symptoms were @entity221 and @entity10 followed by signs of @entity3308 , @entity1662 and severe @entity1576 which made mechanical ventilation necessary. Study of the cerebrospinal fluid showed lymphocytic pleocytosis, raised protein and normal @entity413 levels. @entity5125 was isolated on blood culture. Cranial computerized tomography was normal and magnetic resonance showed a @entity75 . After receiving specific antibiotic treatment the infectious condition improved. However, the @entity16 started to improve when @entity619 was added to the antibiotic treatment twelve days later. The @entity1 was discharged from hospital with slight neurological sequelas. CONCLUSION: In a febrile @entity1 with signs of @entity3308 , neurolisteriosis should be suspected and @entity869 and @entity801 added to the treatment. The possibility of acute @entity1576 occurring makes it necessary to monitor these @entity1 closely. The association of @entity619 to the antibiotic treatment may be useful in some cases of rombencephalitis due to @entity5125 .

title: [Rombencephalitis due to @entity5125 . Probable usefulness of XXXX associated with antibiotic treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamycin']

entities_list: @entity3308 :: ('MESH:D020295', 'Disease') :: ['brainstem involvement']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['right pontobulbar lesion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5125 :: ('1639', 'Species') :: ['Listeria monocytogenes', 'L. monocytogenes']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory arrest', 'respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['deterioration of consciousness']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Infection of the central nervous system by @entity5125 appears in most cases as acute @entity693 which is indistinguishable from other types of acute @entity693 . Rombencephalitis is a rare form of neurolisteriosis, localized to the brainstem. The initial non specific symptoms may make early diagnosis difficult. CASE REPORT: We describe the clinical case of a previously healthy @entity1 who had @entity5125 infection localized to the brainstem. Her initial symptoms were @entity221 and @entity10 followed by signs of @entity3308 , @entity1662 and severe @entity1576 which made mechanical ventilation necessary. Study of the cerebrospinal fluid showed lymphocytic pleocytosis, raised protein and normal @entity413 levels. @entity5125 was isolated on blood culture. Cranial computerized tomography was normal and magnetic resonance showed a @entity75 . After receiving specific antibiotic treatment the infectious condition improved. However, the @entity16 started to improve when @entity619 was added to the antibiotic treatment twelve days later. The @entity1 was discharged from hospital with slight neurological sequelas. CONCLUSION: In a febrile @entity1 with signs of @entity3308 , neurolisteriosis should be suspected and @entity869 and @entity801 added to the treatment. The possibility of acute @entity1576 occurring makes it necessary to monitor these @entity1 closely. The association of @entity619 to the antibiotic treatment may be useful in some cases of rombencephalitis due to @entity5125 .

title: [Rombencephalitis due to XXXX . Probable usefulness of @entity619 associated with antibiotic treatment].

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity5125 :: (1639,Species) :: ['Listeria monocytogenes']


abstract: A collaborative study of the humoral and cellular immune status of @entity1 with @entity189 of the @entity135 ( @entity498 ) was conducted at the West Virginia University (WVU) hospital. In addition, blind-coded serum panels were supplied on @entity498 @entity5 @entity1 being treated at the National @entity5 Institute (NCI). Serum protein analysis of the WVU study groups revealed that at the pretreatment sampling, the alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP), total complement, and IgA levels were significantly elevated. The AGP levels and total complement levels declined to normal levels in the post-treatment period, whereas the IgA levels remained elevated throughout the entire observation period. Levels of serum immune complexes (SIC) were measured in both the WVU and NCI @entity498 @entity5 populations using the @entity968 ( @entity970 ) precipitation method. In both survey populations all @entity5 groups had significantly elevated levels of SIC when compared to any of the control populations. The SIC levels never returned to comparative normal values even in cases after successful treatment. A subpopulation of the @entity5 study group underwent a short course of @entity5275 prior to their treatment regimen. These @entity1 demonstrated a transient decrease in their SIC levels as well as a concomitant increase in their in vitro cell-mediated immune (CMI) correlates. The analysis of in vitro CMI correlates of the WVU study group using both polyclonal mitogens and specific antigens demonstrated a significant @entity308 in these parameters pretreatment and post-treatment. In addition, it was observed that the time course for elevation of selected serum proteins (i.e., IgA and SIC) correlated with concomitant drops in CMI activity. Investigations were also conducted into the effects of immune complex-rich serum fractions upon selected in vitro CMI correlates. Significant blockage of a normal donor leukocyte migration-inhibition assay was demonstrated. Also, a similar inhibition of the ability of normal @entity1 lymphocytes to form high affinity rosettes was accomplished with serum from @entity498 @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Immune complexes, serum proteins, cell-mediated immunity, and immune regulation in @entity1 with squamous cell carcinoma of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['Head and Neck']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity5275 :: ('MESH:D015819', 'Disease') :: ['intravenous hyperalimentation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['WVU-H_N cancer', 'cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck']


abstract: A collaborative study of the humoral and cellular immune status of @entity1 with @entity189 of the @entity135 ( @entity498 ) was conducted at the West Virginia University (WVU) hospital. In addition, blind-coded serum panels were supplied on @entity498 @entity5 @entity1 being treated at the National @entity5 Institute (NCI). Serum protein analysis of the WVU study groups revealed that at the pretreatment sampling, the alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP), total complement, and IgA levels were significantly elevated. The AGP levels and total complement levels declined to normal levels in the post-treatment period, whereas the IgA levels remained elevated throughout the entire observation period. Levels of serum immune complexes (SIC) were measured in both the WVU and NCI @entity498 @entity5 populations using the @entity968 ( @entity970 ) precipitation method. In both survey populations all @entity5 groups had significantly elevated levels of SIC when compared to any of the control populations. The SIC levels never returned to comparative normal values even in cases after successful treatment. A subpopulation of the @entity5 study group underwent a short course of @entity5275 prior to their treatment regimen. These @entity1 demonstrated a transient decrease in their SIC levels as well as a concomitant increase in their in vitro cell-mediated immune (CMI) correlates. The analysis of in vitro CMI correlates of the WVU study group using both polyclonal mitogens and specific antigens demonstrated a significant @entity308 in these parameters pretreatment and post-treatment. In addition, it was observed that the time course for elevation of selected serum proteins (i.e., IgA and SIC) correlated with concomitant drops in CMI activity. Investigations were also conducted into the effects of immune complex-rich serum fractions upon selected in vitro CMI correlates. Significant blockage of a normal donor leukocyte migration-inhibition assay was demonstrated. Also, a similar inhibition of the ability of normal @entity1 lymphocytes to form high affinity rosettes was accomplished with serum from @entity498 @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Immune complexes, serum proteins, cell-mediated immunity, and immune regulation in XXXX with squamous cell carcinoma of the @entity135 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To describe the use of an art exhibit, created in response to @entity0 survivor stories, and additional supplementary activities to increase @entity5 awareness and provide support to those with @entity5 . DATA SOURCES: Published articles and books, personal experiences. DATA SYNTHESIS: Art has been used to educate and promote the expression of emotions. Using an art exhibit as the central feature, a planning committee composed of staff members and volunteers developed a repertoire of activities to improve @entity5 awareness and provide support to @entity5 survivors. Visitor and staff reactions to the event were profound. CONCLUSIONS: Art can capture the most intimate and personal aspects of the @entity5 experience. This event was a novel and effective way to increase awareness about the @entity5 experience. The event brought together @entity1 , family members, friends, staff members, and the community and facilitated new partnerships to help @entity1 with @entity5 . IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Nurses are well equipped to direct the therapeutic use of art and support the potential reactions of viewers. Nurses can promote the benefit of art exhibits for @entity5 education, support, and awareness and use their knowledge and skills in planning and implementing supplementary activities.

title: Stories of XXXX through art.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Case selection for surgery in @entity1 presenting with @entity1755 ( @entity1755 ) is often difficult. A previous retrospective review identified five pre-operative risk factors associated with mortality [J Vasc Surg 23 (1996) 123]. In this study we aimed to identify whether these criteria could be usefully applied prospectively in @entity1 presenting with @entity1755 . METHODS: All @entity1 presenting with @entity1755 from October 2000 to December 2002 were included. The criteria were recorded with the time they were available and the time surgery commenced. The decision to operate was made on clinical grounds and no @entity1 was refused surgery on the basis of these criteria. RESULTS: One hundred consecutive @entity1 were studied, median age 75 (range 54-94). The @entity12463 was 32.9% (26/79 @entity1 ). Surgical mortality increased with the number of positive criteria and was 8% (2/24), 24% (7/29), 55% (11/20) and 100% (6/6) for scores, 0, 1, 2 and > or =3, respectively. Age and conscious level were available in every @entity1 . However, an ECG, haemoglobin and creatinine results were only available in 94, 81, and 69%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The scoring system accurately predicted @entity12463 . The score was available in the majority of cases and may help the surgeon give informed consent to @entity1 and relatives prior to surgical intervention.

title: Predicting outcome in XXXX : a prospective study of 100 consecutive cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12463 :: ('MESH:D031261', 'Disease') :: ['operative mortality']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'RAAA']

answer: @entity1755 :: (MESH:D001019,Disease) :: ['ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the extent of the required neck dissection for @entity1 with persistent @entity3329 after definitive radiation therapy for @entity5 . If feasible, a conservative approach using selective neck dissection would likely minimize the extent of neck @entity82 and other adverse sequelae. METHODS: Analysis of pretreatment and posttreatment radiologic scans and pathology reports of 76 @entity1 with @entity189 (35 tonsil; 41 base of tongue), who had radiologic evidence of persistent @entity66 for level-specific involvement. @entity1 were treated with twice-daily fractionations of external-beam radiation therapy (median dose, 76.8 Gy to the @entity5 ) and planned neck dissection (levels I-V) for bulky nodes (N2-3) or salvage neck dissection for N1 disease. RESULTS: The distribution of clinical @entity66 by neck level on the basis of pretreatment and posttreatment radiologic scans indicated levels II and III to be most commonly involved. The false-negative rate for the restaging radiologic scans for each neck level was as follows: level I, 0%; level II, 8%; level III, 6%; level IV, 5%; and level V, 1.5%. Of the eight hemi-necks found to contain positive pathologic nodes in a neck level judged to be negative on the basis of restaging scans, five of the @entity1 subsequently had disease recurrence in the primary site. @entity1 who had evidence of @entity135 had a significantly lower rate of locoregional control (77% vs 100%, p =.0005). CONCLUSIONS: The extent of neck dissection for @entity1 with @entity66 associated with @entity5 treated with radiation therapy should include levels II-IV. It is reasonable to spare levels I and V in @entity1 without radiologic and clinical evidence of positive nodes in levels I and V.

title: Neck level-specific nodal metastases in XXXX : is there a role for selective neck dissection after definitive radiation therapy?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['residual neck disease']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['oropharyngeal cancer']


abstract: AIM: @entity943 is a major public health problem because of its prevalence and clinical consequences. The first step of the treatment usually consists in restoring sinusal rhythm. The aim of this study is to evaluate results and predictive factors of success of electrical cardioversion. METHODS: We studied a series of 143 consecutive electric cardioversion preformed in 131 French @entity1 . RESULTS: The rate of successful direct current cardioversion was 91.2%. Negative predictive factors are the height body mass index and the age of @entity943 . @entity956 is a predictive factor of success. These results agree with published results. Our study highlights the interest of some nonantiarrhythmic drugs received by the @entity1 during the period before the direct current cardioversion. Thus, a @entity1482 treatment appears to be a new predictive factor of the success of electrical cardioversion (success in @entity1 treated with @entity1482 : 100% vs 89% without, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Our results agree with usual predictive factors of the success of cardioversion. Nevertheless, a new approach is that of the positive effect of @entity1482 on cardioversion. A prospective randomized study is necessary to confirm this result.

title: [External electrical cardioversion of XXXX : predictive criteria of success].

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['Supraventricular arrhythmia', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity1482 :: ('MESH:D013148', 'Chemical') :: ['spironolactone']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['atrial arrhythmia']


abstract: To characterize the spectrum of pulsatile gonadotropin secretion during the course of the normal menstrual cycle, we studied normal @entity1 during 51 ovulatory cycles. Plasma gonadotropin concentrations were measured at 10-min intervals for 20-24 h during the early, mid-, and late follicular phases and the early, mid-, and late luteal phases. LH data series were analyzed using 2 different computer-assisted algorithms for pulse detection. The LH interpulse interval decreased during the follicular phase (FP) from 94 +/- 4 (+/- SEM) min in the early FP (EFP) to 71 +/- 4 min by the late FP (LFP; P less than 0.001). The estimation of LH pulse frequency in the EFP was significantly affected by slowing of episodic LH secretion during sleep. In the luteal phase (LP), the LH interpulse interval progressively increased from 103 +/- 8 min in the early LP (ELP) to 216 +/- 39 min by the late LP (LLP; P less than 0.001). Sleep-associated slowing of episodic LH secretion also occurred in the ELP. The mean LH pulse amplitude in the EFP (6.5 +/- 0.4 mIU/ml) decreased significantly by the midfollicular phase (MFP; 5.1 +/- 0.8 mIU/ml; P less than 0.05) and increased once again by the LFP (7.2 +/- 1.2 mIU/ml). LH pulse amplitude was highest in the ELP (14.9 +/- 1.7 mIU/ml), decreased by the midluteal phase (MLP) to 12.2 +/- 2.0 mIU/ml, and declined further by the LLP to 7.6 +/- 1.1 mIU/ml (P less than 0.001 vs. ELP). FSH secretion was significantly (P less than 0.05) correlated with LH secretion at time lags of 0-10 min in 82% of the studies. These results indicate the following. 1) In the EFP and ELP, the frequency of gonadotropin pulsations is reduced at night in association with sleep. 2) The frequency of LH secretion increases from the EFP to MFP and LFP. 3) LH pulse amplitude decreases in the MFP, suggesting enhanced negative feedback of @entity172 on the @entity2339 and/or a decrease in @entity1176 secretion at this stage. 4) A progressive reduction of LH pulse frequency and amplitude occurs during the LP which is correlated with the duration of exposure of the @entity2339 to @entity1420 . 5) A close relationship exists between secretion of LH and FSH, suggesting a common stimulatory factor for both gonadotropins.

title: Characterization of the physiological pattern of episodic gonadotropin secretion throughout the XXXX menstrual cycle.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary axis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Total pancreatectomy may be warranted in @entity1 with advanced chronic @entity788 in whom partial resection has failed and in those with end-stage pancreatic function. A new operation, duodenum- and spleen-preserving total pancreatectomy, is described. METHODS: Nineteen consecutive @entity1 with chronic @entity788 who had duodenum- and spleen-preserving total pancreatectomy were studied. RESULTS: There were 15 @entity1 and four @entity1 with a median age of 40 (range 29-64) years. The aetiology was @entity167 misuse in nine, @entity4306 in five and idiopathic in five @entity1 . All @entity1 had chronic intractable @entity490 . Six had undergone pancreatic surgery previously and one had had multiple coeliac plexus blocks. There were ten postoperative complications in five @entity1 , and one @entity204 . The median hospital stay was 25 (range 10-84) days. There was a reduction in @entity158 (P < 0.001) and analgesic use (P < 0.001) after surgery, and @entity1017 was noted at 12 and 24 months (P < 0.001). Nine @entity1 required readmission to hospital, four because of surgical complications: adhesional obstruction in one, biliary stricture in two and @entity9727 in one. In the other five @entity1 (four of whom had long-standing pre-existing @entity6 ) readmission was for better control of @entity158 (three @entity1 ), @entity6 (two), and @entity6 -associated @entity294 (two) or gastropathy (one). CONCLUSION: Duodenum- and spleen-preserving total pancreatectomy has a role in selected @entity1 with medically intractable @entity158 from chronic @entity788 .

title: Duodenum- and spleen-preserving total pancreatectomy for end-stage chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity9727 :: ('MESH:D004380', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity4306 :: ('MESH:C537262', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['hospital death']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']