abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity957 of @entity14705 is one the highest number of @entity5 seen in the Southeast Asian region. It is related to chewing a combination of @entity286 mixed with betel leaves, areca nut, and lime shell called quid. As it is most commonly due to @entity734 and affects younger population, it has tremendous economical and social consequences. Surgery is the most successful modality of management in these @entity1 . The surgery involves wide excision of the diseased mucosa and neck dissection. Neck dissection is associated with certain morbidities, but is routinely practiced in some centers like ours. We have attempted to evaluate the occurrence of the @entity66 in relation to the thickness of the @entity5 in cases of early @entity5 (stage I and II). We have used ultrasound of the lesion as our modality to assess the @entity5 thickness preoperatively. AJCC 7th edition was used to assess the clinical and pathological stage of the disease. We have studied 52 @entity1 of early buccal @entity957 , and we observed that @entity5 thicker than 7mm (p-0.05) have highest co-relation with nodal metastases. This study also recommends that neck dissection should be prophylactically performed for @entity5 thicker than 4mm. Tumor characteristics such as grade, perineural invasion, and lymphatic invasion should be considered as predictors for early nodal involvement.

title: Tumor Thickness: A predictor of XXXX in early @entity957 of @entity14705 .

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['nodal disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity957 of @entity14705 is one the highest number of @entity5 seen in the Southeast Asian region. It is related to chewing a combination of @entity286 mixed with betel leaves, areca nut, and lime shell called quid. As it is most commonly due to @entity734 and affects younger population, it has tremendous economical and social consequences. Surgery is the most successful modality of management in these @entity1 . The surgery involves wide excision of the diseased mucosa and neck dissection. Neck dissection is associated with certain morbidities, but is routinely practiced in some centers like ours. We have attempted to evaluate the occurrence of the @entity66 in relation to the thickness of the @entity5 in cases of early @entity5 (stage I and II). We have used ultrasound of the lesion as our modality to assess the @entity5 thickness preoperatively. AJCC 7th edition was used to assess the clinical and pathological stage of the disease. We have studied 52 @entity1 of early buccal @entity957 , and we observed that @entity5 thicker than 7mm (p-0.05) have highest co-relation with nodal metastases. This study also recommends that neck dissection should be prophylactically performed for @entity5 thicker than 4mm. Tumor characteristics such as grade, perineural invasion, and lymphatic invasion should be considered as predictors for early nodal involvement.

title: Tumor Thickness: A predictor of @entity66 in early @entity957 of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14705 :: ('MESH:D007967', 'Disease') :: ['buccal mucosa']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nodal disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancers of buccal mucosa', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['Squamous cell carcinomas', 'mucosal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']

answer: @entity14705 :: (MESH:D007967,Disease) :: ['buccal mucosa']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The utility of parametrial resection in @entity1 with @entity5 is controversial. In @entity1 with favorable pathologic characteristics such as @entity5 size <2cm and the absence of lymphovascular space invasion, the rate of parametrial involvement is very low. More conservative surgical approaches have therefore been suggested. The objective of this report is to review the existing literature in this area and to describe an ongoing prospective study evaluating the safety and efficacy of conservative surgery in @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: We performed a search of PubMed for English language articles published between 1970 and 2010 using the MeSH terms " @entity5 ", "conservative surgery", and "cone biopsy". RESULTS: Several retrospective studies have shown that <1% of @entity1 with @entity5 with favorable pathologic characteristics have parametrial involvement. In addition, approximately 60% of @entity1 undergoing radical trachelectomy have no @entity66 in the final pathologic specimen. Recent studies have reported on the feasibility and safety of performing less radical surgery consisting of pelvic lymphadenectomy with cone biopsy, simple trachelectomy or simple hysterectomy in @entity1 with stage @entity9216 to @entity3846 @entity2622 . In addition, a prospective, multi-center, international trial is currently being performed to evaluate the outcomes of performing pelvic lymphadenectomy with conservative surgery (simple hysterectomy or cervical conization) in @entity1 with favorable pathologic characteristics. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by conservative surgery is also being explored as an option for @entity1 with @entity5 and other pathologic characteristics that do not meet the criteria to perform conservative surgery alone. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of parametrial involvement in @entity1 with @entity5 with favorable pathologic characteristics is low. Should the results of ongoing studies be favorable, conservative surgery could become the standard of care for certain @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Conservative management of XXXX : is there a role for less radical surgery?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'early stage cervical cancer', 'cervical cancer', 'larger tumors']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['early stage cervical cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity64 and @entity1313 are well-known @entity75 . The incidence of lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) in these @entity1 ranges from 14% to 53%, mostly @entity2182 ( @entity2182 ), and is higher when the frontal cortex is involved. This presumably reflects damage at the prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and other areas that regulate (mainly inhibit) the micturition reflex. @entity62 ( @entity62 ) is a chronic, bilateral form of @entity66 , leading to a high prevalence of @entity2182 (up to 90%). Since @entity62 is particularly common in the elderly, @entity62 may be one of the anatomic substrates for elderly @entity2182 . @entity131 and normal-pressure @entity1276 are rather diffuse @entity75 , which cause @entity2182 with a prevalence rate of 60-95%. Recent neuroimaging studies have shown a relationship between LUTD and the frontal cortex in these diseases. Data on other @entity75 , particularly affecting deep @entity75 , are limited. Small @entity1188 , @entity5 , or inflammatory diseases affecting the basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and cerebellum lead to mainly @entity2182 . In contrast, similar diseases affecting the brainstem lead to either @entity2182 or urinary retention. The latter reflects damage at the periaqueductal gray and the pontine micturition center that directly relay and modulate the micturition reflex. @entity322 ( @entity322 ) in @entity75 can be divided into two types: neurogenic @entity322 (due to @entity2182 ) and functional @entity322 (immobility and @entity73 ). These two types of @entity322 may occur together, but management differs significantly. Management of neurogenic @entity322 includes anticholinergic drugs that do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier easily. Management of functional @entity322 includes behavioral therapy (timed/prompted voiding with physical assistance and bladder/pelvic floor training) and drugs to treat gait as well as cognition that facilitate continence. These treatments will maximize the quality of life in @entity1 with @entity75 .

title: Lower urinary tract dysfunction in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['Traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['UI', 'Urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain structures', 'brain diseases', 'brain disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['loss of initiative/cognition']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['overactive bladder', 'OAB']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['White-matter disease', 'WMD']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain lesions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity64 and @entity1313 are well-known @entity75 . The incidence of lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) in these @entity1 ranges from 14% to 53%, mostly @entity2182 ( @entity2182 ), and is higher when the frontal cortex is involved. This presumably reflects damage at the prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and other areas that regulate (mainly inhibit) the micturition reflex. @entity62 ( @entity62 ) is a chronic, bilateral form of @entity66 , leading to a high prevalence of @entity2182 (up to 90%). Since @entity62 is particularly common in the elderly, @entity62 may be one of the anatomic substrates for elderly @entity2182 . @entity131 and normal-pressure @entity1276 are rather diffuse @entity75 , which cause @entity2182 with a prevalence rate of 60-95%. Recent neuroimaging studies have shown a relationship between LUTD and the frontal cortex in these diseases. Data on other @entity75 , particularly affecting deep @entity75 , are limited. Small @entity1188 , @entity5 , or inflammatory diseases affecting the basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and cerebellum lead to mainly @entity2182 . In contrast, similar diseases affecting the brainstem lead to either @entity2182 or urinary retention. The latter reflects damage at the periaqueductal gray and the pontine micturition center that directly relay and modulate the micturition reflex. @entity322 ( @entity322 ) in @entity75 can be divided into two types: neurogenic @entity322 (due to @entity2182 ) and functional @entity322 (immobility and @entity73 ). These two types of @entity322 may occur together, but management differs significantly. Management of neurogenic @entity322 includes anticholinergic drugs that do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier easily. Management of functional @entity322 includes behavioral therapy (timed/prompted voiding with physical assistance and bladder/pelvic floor training) and drugs to treat gait as well as cognition that facilitate continence. These treatments will maximize the quality of life in @entity1 with @entity75 .

title: Lower urinary tract dysfunction in XXXX with @entity75 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity250 ( @entity250 ) is common among @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ), @entity195 ( @entity195 ), and other @entity303 . Sexual functioning and well-being of @entity1 with @entity191 and their partners are affected by many factors, including motor disabilities, non-motor symptoms (e.g., @entity5433 , @entity25 , @entity1316 , @entity73 , @entity158 , and @entity74 ), medication effects, and relationship issues. The common sexual problems are decreased desire, @entity323 , difficulties in reaching orgasm, and sexual dissatisfaction. Hypersexuality is one of a broad range of @entity23 reported in @entity191 , attributed to antiparkinsonian therapy, mainly dopamine agonists. Involvement of a multidisciplinary team may enable a significant management of hypersexuality. Data on @entity250 in demented @entity1 are scarce, mainly reporting reduced frequency of sex and @entity323 . Treatment of @entity250 is advised at an early stage. @entity146 , including inappropriate @entity146 (ISB), are distressing for @entity1 and their caregivers and may reflect the prevailing behavior accompanying @entity303 ( @entity4943 associated with hyposexuality). The neurobiologic basis of ISB is still only vaguely understood but assessment and intervention are recommended as soon as ISB is suspected. Management of ISB in @entity303 demands a thorough evaluation and understanding of the behavior, and can be treated by non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions.

title: Sexuality in @entity1 with XXXX , @entity195 , and other @entity303 .

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Behavioral problems', 'sexual behavior']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementias', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['impulse control disorders']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disorders']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['disinhibition or apathy']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disturbances']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'Sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity250 ( @entity250 ) is common among @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ), @entity195 ( @entity195 ), and other @entity303 . Sexual functioning and well-being of @entity1 with @entity191 and their partners are affected by many factors, including motor disabilities, non-motor symptoms (e.g., @entity5433 , @entity25 , @entity1316 , @entity73 , @entity158 , and @entity74 ), medication effects, and relationship issues. The common sexual problems are decreased desire, @entity323 , difficulties in reaching orgasm, and sexual dissatisfaction. Hypersexuality is one of a broad range of @entity23 reported in @entity191 , attributed to antiparkinsonian therapy, mainly dopamine agonists. Involvement of a multidisciplinary team may enable a significant management of hypersexuality. Data on @entity250 in demented @entity1 are scarce, mainly reporting reduced frequency of sex and @entity323 . Treatment of @entity250 is advised at an early stage. @entity146 , including inappropriate @entity146 (ISB), are distressing for @entity1 and their caregivers and may reflect the prevailing behavior accompanying @entity303 ( @entity4943 associated with hyposexuality). The neurobiologic basis of ISB is still only vaguely understood but assessment and intervention are recommended as soon as ISB is suspected. Management of ISB in @entity303 demands a thorough evaluation and understanding of the behavior, and can be treated by non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions.

title: Sexuality in @entity1 with @entity191 , XXXX , and other @entity303 .

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity250 ( @entity250 ) is common among @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ), @entity195 ( @entity195 ), and other @entity303 . Sexual functioning and well-being of @entity1 with @entity191 and their partners are affected by many factors, including motor disabilities, non-motor symptoms (e.g., @entity5433 , @entity25 , @entity1316 , @entity73 , @entity158 , and @entity74 ), medication effects, and relationship issues. The common sexual problems are decreased desire, @entity323 , difficulties in reaching orgasm, and sexual dissatisfaction. Hypersexuality is one of a broad range of @entity23 reported in @entity191 , attributed to antiparkinsonian therapy, mainly dopamine agonists. Involvement of a multidisciplinary team may enable a significant management of hypersexuality. Data on @entity250 in demented @entity1 are scarce, mainly reporting reduced frequency of sex and @entity323 . Treatment of @entity250 is advised at an early stage. @entity146 , including inappropriate @entity146 (ISB), are distressing for @entity1 and their caregivers and may reflect the prevailing behavior accompanying @entity303 ( @entity4943 associated with hyposexuality). The neurobiologic basis of ISB is still only vaguely understood but assessment and intervention are recommended as soon as ISB is suspected. Management of ISB in @entity303 demands a thorough evaluation and understanding of the behavior, and can be treated by non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions.

title: Sexuality in @entity1 with @entity191 , @entity195 , and other XXXX .

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementias']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity250 ( @entity250 ) is common among @entity1 with @entity191 ( @entity191 ), @entity195 ( @entity195 ), and other @entity303 . Sexual functioning and well-being of @entity1 with @entity191 and their partners are affected by many factors, including motor disabilities, non-motor symptoms (e.g., @entity5433 , @entity25 , @entity1316 , @entity73 , @entity158 , and @entity74 ), medication effects, and relationship issues. The common sexual problems are decreased desire, @entity323 , difficulties in reaching orgasm, and sexual dissatisfaction. Hypersexuality is one of a broad range of @entity23 reported in @entity191 , attributed to antiparkinsonian therapy, mainly dopamine agonists. Involvement of a multidisciplinary team may enable a significant management of hypersexuality. Data on @entity250 in demented @entity1 are scarce, mainly reporting reduced frequency of sex and @entity323 . Treatment of @entity250 is advised at an early stage. @entity146 , including inappropriate @entity146 (ISB), are distressing for @entity1 and their caregivers and may reflect the prevailing behavior accompanying @entity303 ( @entity4943 associated with hyposexuality). The neurobiologic basis of ISB is still only vaguely understood but assessment and intervention are recommended as soon as ISB is suspected. Management of ISB in @entity303 demands a thorough evaluation and understanding of the behavior, and can be treated by non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions.

title: Sexuality in XXXX with @entity191 , @entity195 , and other @entity303 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) developed the MASCC antiemesis tool (MAT) as a tool for chemotherapy-induced @entity1209 (CINV) assessment and subsequently published its Japanese version in 2010. We evaluated the validity of CINV assessment in outpatients using the Japanese version of MAT. METHODS: @entity1 administered highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy in the outpatient chemotherapy unit of our hospital were included in the study. The study was designed as a prospective two-period crossover observational study to evaluate the correlation between the daily @entity1 diary and the Japanese version of MAT in terms of CINV onset. We examined with a focus on reliability of the Japanese version of MAT particularly in the description of the delayed phase of @entity1209 . RESULTS: @entity1 descriptions of CINV onset in a total of 116  cycles in 58 @entity1 (two cycles/ @entity1 ) were analyzed. The CINV incidence indicated by the @entity1 diary was similar to that by the Japanese version of MAT. The concordance rate between the two tools in the same @entity1 was 86.2  % for CINV onset in the delayed phase. The @entity390 score was also similar between the two tools regarding the mean and variance, showing a strong correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.71. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study showed that the Japanese version of MAT is a highly reliable tool for CINV assessment, indicating that it is valid for assessing CINV in outpatients.

title: Evaluation of the validity of chemotherapy-induced XXXX assessment in outpatients using the Japanese version of the MASCC antiemesis tool.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity1209 :: (MESH:D020250,Disease) :: ['nausea and vomiting']


abstract: Medication nonadherence is a significant health care issue requiring regular behavioral treatment. Lack of sufficient health care resources and @entity1 /family time commitment for weekly treatment are primary barriers to receiving appropriate self-management support. We describe the methodology of the Telehealth Enhancement of Adherence to Medication (TEAM) trial for medication nonadherence in pediatric @entity29 ( @entity29 ). For this trial, @entity1 11-18 years of age will be recruited from seven pediatric hospitals and will complete an initial 4-week run in to assess adherence to a daily medication. Those who take less than 90% of their prescribed medication will be randomized. A total of 194 @entity1 with @entity29 will be randomized to either a @entity146 ( @entity146 ) arm or education only (EO) arm. All treatments will be delivered via telehealth video conferencing. The @entity1 will be assessed at baseline, post-treatment, 3, 6, and 12 months. We anticipate that @entity1 in the @entity146 arm will demonstrate a statistically significant improvement at post-treatment and 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up compared to @entity1 in the EO arm for both medication adherence and secondary outcomes (i.e., disease severity, @entity1 quality of life, and health care utilization). If efficacious, the TEAM intervention could be disseminated broadly and reduce health care access barriers so that the @entity1 could receive much needed self-management intervention.

title: The Telehealth Enhancement of Adherence to Medication (TEAM) in pediatric XXXX trial: Design and methodology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['telehealth behavioral treatment', 'TBT']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['IBD']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recently, the fascia innervation has become an important issue, particularly the existence of nociceptive fibers. Fascia can be a source of @entity158 in several disorders such as @entity9156 and non-specific @entity1643 . However, nothing is known about possible changes of the fascia innervation under pathological circumstances. This question is important, because @entity158 from the fascia cannot only be due to increased nociceptor discharges, but also to a denser innervation of the fascia by nociceptive endings. In this histological study, an @entity32 was induced in the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) of @entity35 and the innervation by various fiber types compared between the inflamed and intact TLF. Although the TLF is generally considered to have proprioceptive functions, no corpuscular proprioceptors (Pacini and Ruffini corpuscles) were found. To obtain quantitative data, the length of fibers and free nerve endings were determined in the three layers of the @entity35 TLF: inner layer (IL, adjacent to the multifidus muscle), middle layer (ML) and outer layer (OL). The main results were that the overall innervation density showed little change; however, there were significant changes in some of the layers. The innervation density was significantly decreased in the OL, but this change was partly compensated for by an increase in the IL. The density of substance @entity10133 )-positive - presumably nociceptive - fibers was significantly increased. In contrast, the postganglionic sympathetic fibers were significantly decreased. In conclusion, the inflamed TLF showed an increase of presumably nociceptive fibers, which may explain the @entity158 from a pathologically altered fascia. The meaning of the decreased innervation by sympathetic fibers is obscure at present. The lack of proprioceptive corpuscular receptors within the TLF does not preclude its role as a proprioceptive structure, because some of the free nerve endings may function as proprioceptors.

title: Innervation changes induced by XXXX of the @entity35 thoracolumbar fascia.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'theoretically pain']

entities_list: @entity9156 :: ('MESH:D005208', 'Disease') :: ['fasciitis']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recently, the fascia innervation has become an important issue, particularly the existence of nociceptive fibers. Fascia can be a source of @entity158 in several disorders such as @entity9156 and non-specific @entity1643 . However, nothing is known about possible changes of the fascia innervation under pathological circumstances. This question is important, because @entity158 from the fascia cannot only be due to increased nociceptor discharges, but also to a denser innervation of the fascia by nociceptive endings. In this histological study, an @entity32 was induced in the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) of @entity35 and the innervation by various fiber types compared between the inflamed and intact TLF. Although the TLF is generally considered to have proprioceptive functions, no corpuscular proprioceptors (Pacini and Ruffini corpuscles) were found. To obtain quantitative data, the length of fibers and free nerve endings were determined in the three layers of the @entity35 TLF: inner layer (IL, adjacent to the multifidus muscle), middle layer (ML) and outer layer (OL). The main results were that the overall innervation density showed little change; however, there were significant changes in some of the layers. The innervation density was significantly decreased in the OL, but this change was partly compensated for by an increase in the IL. The density of substance @entity10133 )-positive - presumably nociceptive - fibers was significantly increased. In contrast, the postganglionic sympathetic fibers were significantly decreased. In conclusion, the inflamed TLF showed an increase of presumably nociceptive fibers, which may explain the @entity158 from a pathologically altered fascia. The meaning of the decreased innervation by sympathetic fibers is obscure at present. The lack of proprioceptive corpuscular receptors within the TLF does not preclude its role as a proprioceptive structure, because some of the free nerve endings may function as proprioceptors.

title: Innervation changes induced by @entity32 of the XXXX thoracolumbar fascia.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous literature is varied with regard to rates of @entity1744 after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). Internal herniation through @entity154 is a common cause of @entity1744 . There are advantages and disadvantages to routing the Roux limb via a retrocolic/retrogastric (RC/RG) versus an antecolic/antegastric (AC/AG) position. OBJECTIVE: To review the literature comparing obstruction rates in RYGB using the antecolic versus retrocolic approach. SETTING: Community-based integrated multispecialty health system with a teaching hospital serving 19 counties over a 3-state region. METHODS: A literature search for articles published from 1994-2013 was completed. Articles were included if they reported an n>25, Roux limb route, obstruction rate by route, and follow-up duration. Statistical analysis included   (2) test by @entity1 number. RESULTS: The initial search identified 241 articles; 8 met inclusion criteria. There were 4805 @entity1 in the AC/AG group, and 2238 in the RC/RG group. Follow-up ranged from 0 to 68 months. A linear stapled technique was reported in 4231 (88%) @entity1 in the AC/AG group and 1541 (69%) of RC/RG group. Handsewn closure of @entity154 was reported in 2152 (45%) @entity1 in the AC/AG group and 1012 (45%) @entity1 in the RC/RG group. @entity1744 occurred in 68 (1.4%) @entity1 in the AC/AG group and 117 (5.2%) @entity1 in the RC/RG group (P<.001). Internal @entity547 were reported in 65 (1.3%) @entity1 in the AC/AG group and 52 (2.3%) @entity1 in the RC/RG group (P<.001). Two mortalities were reported in the AC/AG group. CONCLUSIONS: Increased rates of @entity1744 were observed in the RC/RG group compared with the AC/AG group. A prospective, randomized trial would be necessary to definitively determine the impact of Roux limb position and routine closure of @entity154 on @entity1744 rates after gastric bypass.

title: XXXX rates in antecolic/antegastric versus retrocolic/retrogastric Roux limb gastric bypass: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric defects']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction', 'bowel obstructions', 'bowel obstruction and internal hernia', 'Bowel obstructions']

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['Bowel obstruction']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to report and quantify the associated factors for morbidity and mortality following surgical management of cervical @entity602 (CSM). METHODS: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was use to retrospectively review all @entity1 over 25  years of age with a diagnosis of CSM who underwent anterior and/or posterior cervical fusion or laminoplasty between 2001 and 2010. The main outcome measures were total procedure-related complications and mortality. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify demographic, comorbidity, and surgical parameters associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk [reported as: OR (95  % CI)]. RESULTS: A total of 54,348 @entity1 underwent surgical intervention for CSM with an overall morbidity rate of 9.83  % and mortality rate of 0.43  %. Comorbidities found to be associated with an increased complication rate included: pulmonary circulation disorders [6.92 (5.91-8.12)], pathologic @entity353 [3.42 (3.00-3.90)], and electrolyte imbalance [2.82 (2.65-3.01)]. Comorbidities found to be associated with an increased mortality rate included: @entity712 [4.59 (3.62-5.82)], pulmonary circulation disorders [11.29 (8.24-15.47)], and pathologic @entity353 [5.43 (4.07-7.26)]. Alternatively, @entity101 [0.56 (0.46-0.67)] and @entity28 [0.36 (0.22-0.61)] were found to confer a decreased risk of mortality. Increased morbidity and mortality rates were also identified for fusions of 4-8 levels [morbidity: 1.55 (1.48-1.62), mortality: 1.80 (1.48-2.18)] and for age >65  years [morbidity: 1.65 (1.57-1.72), mortality: 2.74 (2.25-3.34)]. An increased morbidity rate was found for posterior-only [1.55 (1.47-1.63)] and combined anterior and posterior fusions [3.20 (2.98-3.43)], and an increased mortality rate was identified for posterior-only fusions [1.87 (1.40-2.49)]. Although revision fusions were associated with an increased morbidity rate [1.81 (1.64-2.00)], they were associated with a decreased rate of mortality [0.24 (0.10-0.59)]. CONCLUSION: The NIS database was used to provide national estimates of morbidity and mortality following surgical management of CSM in the United States. Several comorbidities, as well as @entity954 , were identified as associated factors.

title: Predictors of morbidity and mortality among @entity1 with cervical XXXX treated surgically.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spondylotic myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['demographic and surgical parameters']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['spondylotic myelopathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to report and quantify the associated factors for morbidity and mortality following surgical management of cervical @entity602 (CSM). METHODS: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was use to retrospectively review all @entity1 over 25  years of age with a diagnosis of CSM who underwent anterior and/or posterior cervical fusion or laminoplasty between 2001 and 2010. The main outcome measures were total procedure-related complications and mortality. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify demographic, comorbidity, and surgical parameters associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk [reported as: OR (95  % CI)]. RESULTS: A total of 54,348 @entity1 underwent surgical intervention for CSM with an overall morbidity rate of 9.83  % and mortality rate of 0.43  %. Comorbidities found to be associated with an increased complication rate included: pulmonary circulation disorders [6.92 (5.91-8.12)], pathologic @entity353 [3.42 (3.00-3.90)], and electrolyte imbalance [2.82 (2.65-3.01)]. Comorbidities found to be associated with an increased mortality rate included: @entity712 [4.59 (3.62-5.82)], pulmonary circulation disorders [11.29 (8.24-15.47)], and pathologic @entity353 [5.43 (4.07-7.26)]. Alternatively, @entity101 [0.56 (0.46-0.67)] and @entity28 [0.36 (0.22-0.61)] were found to confer a decreased risk of mortality. Increased morbidity and mortality rates were also identified for fusions of 4-8 levels [morbidity: 1.55 (1.48-1.62), mortality: 1.80 (1.48-2.18)] and for age >65  years [morbidity: 1.65 (1.57-1.72), mortality: 2.74 (2.25-3.34)]. An increased morbidity rate was found for posterior-only [1.55 (1.47-1.63)] and combined anterior and posterior fusions [3.20 (2.98-3.43)], and an increased mortality rate was identified for posterior-only fusions [1.87 (1.40-2.49)]. Although revision fusions were associated with an increased morbidity rate [1.81 (1.64-2.00)], they were associated with a decreased rate of mortality [0.24 (0.10-0.59)]. CONCLUSION: The NIS database was used to provide national estimates of morbidity and mortality following surgical management of CSM in the United States. Several comorbidities, as well as @entity954 , were identified as associated factors.

title: Predictors of morbidity and mortality among XXXX with cervical @entity602 treated surgically.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent findings from clinical trials have indicated inconsistent associations between angiotensin II receptor blockers and the risk of @entity5 incidence. Furthermore, the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and @entity263 in @entity101 @entity1 remains unclear. METHODS: From Taiwan's national health insurance database, we identified 80,299 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity101 in 2001 and matched with 321,916 subjects without @entity101 by age, income, urbanization level, and index day. A total of 684 @entity101 patients without antihypertensive drug use (drug non-user subcohort) were also matched (1:4) with 2736 patients on antihypertensive medication (drug subcohort) using the same criteria. Each subject in the two study groups was followed up for a maximum of nine years, during which @entity204 was considered a competing event when performing the stratified Fine and Gray regression hazards model for the estimation of @entity263 risk for the cohorts. Uptake of antihypertensive prescription was considered a time-dependent variable. RESULTS: Our findings indicate that @entity1 with @entity101 are at significantly increased risk for @entity263 incidence when compared to their matched non- @entity101 counterparts (sHR=6.80, 95% CI=1.97-23.44, p=0.0024). Among @entity101 @entity1 , those with long term antihypertensive drug use are not at elevated risk of developing @entity263 relative to non-users of antihypertensive drugs (1-5year vs. non-user sHR=0.99, 95% CI=0.32-3.05; >5year vs. non-user sHR=0.88, 95% CI=0.34-2.26). CONCLUSIONS: @entity101 is considered a risk factor for @entity263 . However, long term uptake of antihypertensive medication in male @entity101 @entity1 should not be a concern for the development of @entity263 .

title: Long term antihypertensive drug use and XXXX risk: A 9-year population-based cohort analysis.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High frequency of @entity170 is found in postmenopausal @entity1 where several molecular components were identified to be involved in @entity604 that subsequently leads to an increased @entity174 risk. @entity604 has already been determined in male @entity19 with @entity74 of muscarinic @entity934 receptor M3 (M3R-KO). Here we asked whether bone properties of female 16-week old M3R-KO present similarities to osteoporotic @entity604 by means of biomechanical, radiological, electron microscopic, cell- and molecular biological methods. Reduced biomechanical strength of M3R-KO correlated with cortical thickness and decreased @entity79 ( @entity79 ). Femur and vertebrae of M3R-KO demonstrated a declined trabecular bone volume, surface, and a higher trabecular pattern factor and structure model index (SMI) compared to @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 . In M3R-KO, the number of osteoclasts as well as the @entity35364 mRNA expression was increased. Osteoclasts of M3R-KO showed an estimated increase in cytoplasmic vesicles. Further, histomorphometrical analysis revealed up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase. Osteoblasts and osteocytes showed a swollen cytoplasm with an estimated increase in the amount of rough endoplasmatic reticulum and in case of osteocytes a reduced pericellular space. Thus, current results on bone properties of 16-week old female M3R-KO are related to @entity3604 phenotype. Stimulation and up-regulation of muscarinic @entity934 receptor subtype M3 expression in osteoblasts might be a possible new option for prevention and therapy of @entity3604 . Pharmacological interventions and the risk of side effects have to be determined in upcoming studies.

title: Altered ultrastructure, density and XXXX expression in bone of female muscarinic @entity934 receptor M3 knockout @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal osteoporotic', 'osteoporotic fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['Bone loss', 'bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['gene deficiency']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35364 :: (13038(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['cathepsin K']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High frequency of @entity170 is found in postmenopausal @entity1 where several molecular components were identified to be involved in @entity604 that subsequently leads to an increased @entity174 risk. @entity604 has already been determined in male @entity19 with @entity74 of muscarinic @entity934 receptor M3 (M3R-KO). Here we asked whether bone properties of female 16-week old M3R-KO present similarities to osteoporotic @entity604 by means of biomechanical, radiological, electron microscopic, cell- and molecular biological methods. Reduced biomechanical strength of M3R-KO correlated with cortical thickness and decreased @entity79 ( @entity79 ). Femur and vertebrae of M3R-KO demonstrated a declined trabecular bone volume, surface, and a higher trabecular pattern factor and structure model index (SMI) compared to @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 . In M3R-KO, the number of osteoclasts as well as the @entity35364 mRNA expression was increased. Osteoclasts of M3R-KO showed an estimated increase in cytoplasmic vesicles. Further, histomorphometrical analysis revealed up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase. Osteoblasts and osteocytes showed a swollen cytoplasm with an estimated increase in the amount of rough endoplasmatic reticulum and in case of osteocytes a reduced pericellular space. Thus, current results on bone properties of 16-week old female M3R-KO are related to @entity3604 phenotype. Stimulation and up-regulation of muscarinic @entity934 receptor subtype M3 expression in osteoblasts might be a possible new option for prevention and therapy of @entity3604 . Pharmacological interventions and the risk of side effects have to be determined in upcoming studies.

title: Altered ultrastructure, density and @entity35364 expression in bone of female muscarinic XXXX receptor M3 knockout @entity19 .

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High frequency of @entity170 is found in postmenopausal @entity1 where several molecular components were identified to be involved in @entity604 that subsequently leads to an increased @entity174 risk. @entity604 has already been determined in male @entity19 with @entity74 of muscarinic @entity934 receptor M3 (M3R-KO). Here we asked whether bone properties of female 16-week old M3R-KO present similarities to osteoporotic @entity604 by means of biomechanical, radiological, electron microscopic, cell- and molecular biological methods. Reduced biomechanical strength of M3R-KO correlated with cortical thickness and decreased @entity79 ( @entity79 ). Femur and vertebrae of M3R-KO demonstrated a declined trabecular bone volume, surface, and a higher trabecular pattern factor and structure model index (SMI) compared to @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 . In M3R-KO, the number of osteoclasts as well as the @entity35364 mRNA expression was increased. Osteoclasts of M3R-KO showed an estimated increase in cytoplasmic vesicles. Further, histomorphometrical analysis revealed up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase. Osteoblasts and osteocytes showed a swollen cytoplasm with an estimated increase in the amount of rough endoplasmatic reticulum and in case of osteocytes a reduced pericellular space. Thus, current results on bone properties of 16-week old female M3R-KO are related to @entity3604 phenotype. Stimulation and up-regulation of muscarinic @entity934 receptor subtype M3 expression in osteoblasts might be a possible new option for prevention and therapy of @entity3604 . Pharmacological interventions and the risk of side effects have to be determined in upcoming studies.

title: Altered ultrastructure, density and @entity35364 expression in bone of female muscarinic @entity934 receptor M3 knockout XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Microglia form the immune system of the brain. Previous studies in cell cultures and animal models suggest altered activation states and cellular senescence in the aged brain. Instead, we analyzed 3 transcriptome data sets from the postmortem frontal cortex of 381 control individuals to show that microglia gene markers assemble into a transcriptional module in a gene coexpression network. These markers predominantly represented M1 and M1/M2b activation phenotypes. Expression of genes in this module generally declines over the adult life span. This decrease was more pronounced in microglia surface receptors for microglia and/or neuron crosstalk than in markers for activation state phenotypes. In addition to these receptors for exogenous signals, microglia are controlled by brain-expressed regulatory factors. We identified a subnetwork of transcription factors, including @entity5316 , @entity41711 , @entity7764 , and @entity18283 , which are master regulators (MRs) for the age-dependent microglia module. The causal contributions of these MRs on the microglia module were verified using publicly available ChIP-Seq data. Interactions of these key MRs were preserved in a protein-protein interaction network. Importantly, these MRs appear to be essential for regulating microglia homeostasis in the adult @entity1 frontal cortex in addition to their crucial roles in hematopoiesis and myeloid cell-fate decisions during embryogenesis.

title: Microglia recapitulate a hematopoietic master regulator network in  the aging XXXX frontal cortex.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: The Cedar Project is a community-based study aiming to identify variables associated with ever being on @entity284 maintenance treatment ( @entity569 ) among young Aboriginal @entity1 using drugs and to discuss possible barriers to @entity569 in this population. DESIGN AND METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study with recruitment by health-care providers, outreach, and @entity2133 in Vancouver and Prince George. @entity1 included 605 Aboriginal @entity1 who were age 14-30 years, reported illicit drug use in the month prior to enrolment, and provided written informed consent. Variables associated with ever being on @entity569 were analysed through   (2) -testing and multivariate logistic regression, limited to @entity1 reporting opioid use (n = 397). RESULTS: Less than half of @entity1 reporting daily injection of opioids had ever been on @entity569 . In adjusted multivariate logistic regression analyses, older age [ @entity36386 ; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.28)]; female gender (OR 3.76; 95% CI 2.00-7.07); @entity10745 antibody positivity (OR 2.76; 95% CI 1.53-4.95); and daily opioid injection (OR 2.59; 95% CI 1.46-4.61) were positively associated with ever being on @entity569 . Weekly or more @entity167 use (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.21-0.87) was negatively associated with ever being on @entity569 . DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: @entity569 access by young Aboriginal @entity1 is low. The associations between @entity569 use and other variables need further study to steer efforts directed at recruitment into @entity569 . The removal of barriers to @entity569 and inclusion of young Aboriginal @entity1 in the development of treatment programs based on Indigenous values are urgently required to help Aboriginal @entity1 who use drugs.

title: The Cedar Project: XXXX maintenance treatment among young Aboriginal @entity1 who use opioids in two Canadian cities.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity10745 :: ('MESH:D006526', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis C']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['word of mouth']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

answer: @entity284 :: (MESH:D008691,Chemical) :: ['methadone']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: The Cedar Project is a community-based study aiming to identify variables associated with ever being on @entity284 maintenance treatment ( @entity569 ) among young Aboriginal @entity1 using drugs and to discuss possible barriers to @entity569 in this population. DESIGN AND METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study with recruitment by health-care providers, outreach, and @entity2133 in Vancouver and Prince George. @entity1 included 605 Aboriginal @entity1 who were age 14-30 years, reported illicit drug use in the month prior to enrolment, and provided written informed consent. Variables associated with ever being on @entity569 were analysed through   (2) -testing and multivariate logistic regression, limited to @entity1 reporting opioid use (n = 397). RESULTS: Less than half of @entity1 reporting daily injection of opioids had ever been on @entity569 . In adjusted multivariate logistic regression analyses, older age [ @entity36386 ; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.28)]; female gender (OR 3.76; 95% CI 2.00-7.07); @entity10745 antibody positivity (OR 2.76; 95% CI 1.53-4.95); and daily opioid injection (OR 2.59; 95% CI 1.46-4.61) were positively associated with ever being on @entity569 . Weekly or more @entity167 use (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.21-0.87) was negatively associated with ever being on @entity569 . DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: @entity569 access by young Aboriginal @entity1 is low. The associations between @entity569 use and other variables need further study to steer efforts directed at recruitment into @entity569 . The removal of barriers to @entity569 and inclusion of young Aboriginal @entity1 in the development of treatment programs based on Indigenous values are urgently required to help Aboriginal @entity1 who use drugs.

title: The Cedar Project: @entity284 maintenance treatment among young Aboriginal XXXX who use opioids in two Canadian cities.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The various clinical manifestations of @entity32 reported are more or less similar regardless of the underlying aetiological factors. Unusual presentation and unknown aetiology pose a diagnostic challenge for a periodontist. METHODS: A 34-year-old Indian @entity1 presented with the complaint of gum swelling that was sessile, lobulated, soft in consistency and bluish red in colour with ulcerated surface in some region, which was covered by the @entity39 slough. This type of enlargement was unusual and some underlying systemic pathology was suspected. But a written consultation from her physician confirmed her systemic health, which was based on clinical, radiological and haematological investigations. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of @entity32 . @entity1 was treated with oral hygiene instructions, scaling and root planning. RESULT: Within a month of conventional periodontal therapy, gum enlargement reduced markedly and @entity1 was put on oral hygiene maintenance programme. CONCLUSION: Periodontal therapy is diagnosis-driven and, to the extent possible, should address all the possible factors that impact development and progression of diseases that may affect periodontal tissue. In plaque-induced @entity2520 , non-surgical periodontal therapy is still a gold standard among all the therapies available.

title: An uncommon presentation of an XXXX --responding to non-surgical periodontal therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory gingival enlargement']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal diseases']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammatory gingival enlargement']


abstract: The long-term use of b blockers has been shown to improve the outcomes of @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). However, it is still disputed whether this is a class effect, and, specifically, whether @entity1405 or @entity2179 are superior to @entity1406 . The present study was a comparative effectiveness study of b blockers for @entity1 with @entity712 in a population-based setting. We conducted an observational cohort study using the Quebec administrative databases to identify @entity1 with @entity712 who were prescribed a b blocker after the diagnosis of @entity712 . We used descriptive statistics to characterize the @entity1 by the type of b blocker prescribed at discharge. The unadjusted mortality for users of each b blocker was calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves and compared using the log-rank test. To account for differences in follow-up and to control for differences among @entity1 characteristics, a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the mortality. Of the 26,787 @entity1 with @entity712 , with a median follow-up of 1.8 years per @entity1 , the crude incidence of @entity204 was 47% with @entity1406 , 40% with @entity2165 , 41% with @entity1405 , 36% with @entity2179 , and 43% with @entity10719 . After controlling for several different covariates, we found that @entity1405 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97 to 1.12, p = 0.22) and @entity2179 (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.01, p = 0.16) were not superior to @entity1406 in improving survival. @entity2165 (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.87, p <0.0001) and @entity10719 (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.95, p = 0.004) were superior to @entity1406 . In conclusion, we did not find evidence of a class effect for b blockers in @entity1 with @entity712 .

title: Population-based analysis of class effect of b blockers in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity10719 :: ('MESH:D000070', 'Chemical') :: ['acebutolol']

entities_list: @entity1405 :: ('MESH:C043211', 'Chemical') :: ['carvedilol']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol', 'Atenolol']

entities_list: @entity2179 :: ('MESH:D017298', 'Chemical') :: ['bisoprolol']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current approaches to the management of chronic nonspecific @entity1643 (CNSLBP) have shown limited effectiveness. It appears that disruption of cortical structure and function is a feature of CNSLBP and that these changes may contribute to current treatment failures. Sensorimotor retraining approaches have been shown to be effective in the management of other long-standing @entity158 problems that are characterized by @entity409 . Similar treatments may be an option for @entity1 with CNSLBP. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to describe the effects of participation in a graded sensorimotor retraining program on @entity158 intensity, interference of @entity158 with daily life ( @entity158 interference), and self-reported disability and to evaluate the safety of the program. DESIGN: A multiple-baseline, replicated, single-case design was used for this study. METHODS: Three @entity1 with disabling CNSLBP were assessed weekly during a no-treatment baseline period. Each @entity1 then participated in a graded sensorimotor retraining program for a minimum of 10 weeks, during which clinical status was assessed weekly. Data collection continued weekly for 1 month after the end of formal treatment. RESULTS: @entity158 intensity, @entity158 interference, and disability all were reduced, and the improvements were maintained throughout the follow-up period. No adverse reactions to treatment were reported. LIMITATIONS: The findings are preliminary and were based on a single-case design. The observed improvements in clinical status may have been attributable to the effects of factors other than treatment, such as the effect of time and other, nonspecific effects. CONCLUSIONS: Positive outcomes were reported for 3 @entity1 with CNSLBP after the completion of a graded sensorimotor retraining program. However, the findings are only preliminary and require replication with more-robust study designs.

title: Managing chronic nonspecific XXXX with a sensorimotor retraining approach: exploratory multiple-baseline study of 3 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'person', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['cortical dysfunction']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['low back pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current approaches to the management of chronic nonspecific @entity1643 (CNSLBP) have shown limited effectiveness. It appears that disruption of cortical structure and function is a feature of CNSLBP and that these changes may contribute to current treatment failures. Sensorimotor retraining approaches have been shown to be effective in the management of other long-standing @entity158 problems that are characterized by @entity409 . Similar treatments may be an option for @entity1 with CNSLBP. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to describe the effects of participation in a graded sensorimotor retraining program on @entity158 intensity, interference of @entity158 with daily life ( @entity158 interference), and self-reported disability and to evaluate the safety of the program. DESIGN: A multiple-baseline, replicated, single-case design was used for this study. METHODS: Three @entity1 with disabling CNSLBP were assessed weekly during a no-treatment baseline period. Each @entity1 then participated in a graded sensorimotor retraining program for a minimum of 10 weeks, during which clinical status was assessed weekly. Data collection continued weekly for 1 month after the end of formal treatment. RESULTS: @entity158 intensity, @entity158 interference, and disability all were reduced, and the improvements were maintained throughout the follow-up period. No adverse reactions to treatment were reported. LIMITATIONS: The findings are preliminary and were based on a single-case design. The observed improvements in clinical status may have been attributable to the effects of factors other than treatment, such as the effect of time and other, nonspecific effects. CONCLUSIONS: Positive outcomes were reported for 3 @entity1 with CNSLBP after the completion of a graded sensorimotor retraining program. However, the findings are only preliminary and require replication with more-robust study designs.

title: Managing chronic nonspecific @entity1643 with a sensorimotor retraining approach: exploratory multiple-baseline study of 3 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['participants']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: "Home time" ( @entity1054 ) refers to the number of days over the first 90 after @entity64 onset that a @entity1 spends residing in their own home or a relative's home versus any institutional care. It is an accessible and objective parameter, free from subjective bias, with potential as an outcome measure in @entity64 trials. We sought to validate @entity1054 and assess treatment responsiveness using independent data. METHODS: We estimated @entity1054 in the @entity64 Acute Ischemic NXY Treatment (SAINT) I neuroprotection trial. We compared outcomes between thrombolyzed (T) and nonthrombolyzed comparators (C) using @entity1054 and the modified Rankin Scale. For our primary analysis, we adjusted for baseline covariates that significantly influence @entity1054 and in sensitivity analyses considered all variables that differed between groups at baseline. We report ordinal logistic regression and analysis of covariance with 95% CIs. We describe the relationship of @entity1054 with baseline National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale and its components and with Day 90 modified Rankin Scale and Barthel Index. RESULTS: SAINT I included 1699 @entity1 from 23 countries, of whom 28.7% received alteplase. @entity1054 correlated with age, baseline severity, alteplase use, side of @entity2806 , presence of @entity6 , and country of @entity1 enrollment (each P<0.05). We found an association between use of alteplase with better adjusted outcomes by either measure (OR for extended @entity1054 , 1.36; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.72; P=0.009; analysis of covariance P=0.007 with a 5.5-day advantage; OR for more favorable modified Rankin Scale, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.28 to 2.00; P<0.0001; Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel P=0.046). @entity1054 was significantly associated with baseline National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale and each component of the National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale except level of @entity1662 , @entity4653 , and @entity2055 . @entity1054 was significantly associated with Day 90 modified Rankin Scale and Barthel Index. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1054 is a responsive measure for use in multinational @entity64 trials. Its inclusion as a complementary outcome is reasonable. We propose treatment effects are adjusted for age, baseline National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale, side of @entity64 , country of enrollment, and the presence of @entity6 .

title: Home time is extended in XXXX with ischemic stroke who receive thrombolytic therapy: a validation study of home time as an outcome measure.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke lesion', 'stroke', 'Stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesion']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) of stable @entity731 plaques is associated with an increased risk for @entity256 . @entity1 with transient @entity63 attack and @entity1 with and @entity64 have relatively unstable @entity731 plaques. However, carotid plaques stabilize over time after a cerebrovascular event due to plaque repair after @entity397 . These findings raised 2 questions: (1) Is preoperative clinical presentation related to @entity256 after CEA? (2) Does delayed revascularization result in a higher risk for @entity256 compared with CEA in the short term after a cerebrovascular event? METHODS: Between 2002 and 2009, 1203 @entity1 undergoing CEA were included. The impact of clinical presentation on the occurrence of @entity256 1 year after CEA was investigated and corrected for cardiovascular risk factors, medication use, and type of arteriotomy closure. Patency was assessed with standardized duplex ultrasound imaging at 1 year after CEA. @entity256 was defined as recurrent luminal narrowing >= 50% at the endarterectomy site. RESULTS: At 1 year of follow-up, @entity256 was observed more frequently in asymptomatic @entity1 than in @entity1 with transient @entity63 attack and @entity1 with @entity64 . The adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for @entity256 was 0.56 (0.35 to 0.89) for @entity1 with transient @entity63 attack and 0.49 (0.27 to 0.87) for @entity1 with @entity64 compared with asymptomatic @entity1 . Subgroup analysis showed an increased risk for @entity256 if CEA was performed >30 days after @entity64 (adjusted OR, 2.23; 1.02 to 5.73). CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic @entity1 have an increased risk for @entity256 at 1 year after CEA compared with @entity1 with transient @entity385 and @entity1 with @entity64 . CEA within 30 days after @entity64 is associated with a decreased risk of @entity256 , which supports the current strategy for early surgical intervention after @entity64 .

title: XXXX after carotid surgery: the importance of clinical presentation and preoperative timing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis', 'Restenosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity256 :: (MESH:D023903,Disease) :: ['Restenosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Previous phase II studies have indicated a greatly reduced hematotoxicity of @entity1205 -based regimens administered on weekly schedules. The present trial was initiated to randomly compare the @entity137 and efficacy of weekly @entity1205 versus its standard 3-weekly application. METHODS: @entity1 previously untreated with chemotherapy for metastatic disease were recruited. @entity1 aged >60 years or with a Karnofsky Perfomance Status (KPS) of 60-80% were eligible for the D2 study. @entity1 were randomized to receive @entity1205 either on a 3-weekly [75 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks (q3w)] or on a weekly (30 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, and 15; q4w) schedule. Treatment was continued until a maximum of 8 cycles, unacceptable @entity137 , or disease progression. All @entity1 received standard corticosteroid prophylaxis. RESULTS: Since statistical significance for the primary endpoint ( @entity137 ) was achieved in the interim analysis, the study was closed according to the study protocol (102 of 162 @entity1 ). Compared to the standard arm, @entity1431 >= grade 3 was a rare event in the weekly arm of the D2 study (per- @entity1 analysis: 4.2% q1w vs. 51.9% q3w; p < 0.0001). No difference was observed between the 2 schedules regarding the occurrence of @entity417 or @entity882 . With regard to nonhematological @entity137 , there was a higher incidence of skin/nail and hepatological @entity137 with the weekly schedule, whereas @entity2359 was observed more often in the standard arm. The rate of omitted doses was significantly increased in the weekly arm (8.6% q1w vs. 0% q3w). The overall response rate was 22.9% in the weekly arm compared to 42.6% in the standard arm (p = 0.039). Time to progression was 5.4 (q1w) versus 6.3 (q3w) months (p = 0.91), and overall survival was 22.7 (q1w) versus 15.8 (q3w) months (p = 0.24). CONCLUSION: The present data support the feasibility of both weekly and 3-weekly application of @entity1205 . As expected, severe @entity1431 seems avoidable in weekly scheduled single-agent @entity1205 and may serve as an important treatment option, particularly in elderly @entity1 and @entity1 with a reduced performance status.

title: Prospective multicenter randomized phase III study of weekly versus standard XXXX (D2) for first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical manifestations and diagnoses of @entity1781 swelling. METHODS: The medical records of 49 @entity1 who experienced @entity1781 swelling between March 2008 and June 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. The characteristics of non-arteritic anterior @entity1781 (NA-AION) and @entity7995 ( @entity7995 ), which showed @entity1781 swelling most commonly, were compared. RESULTS: NA-AION was the most common disorder (34.7%) that presented with @entity1781 swelling. @entity7995 was identified in 15 @entity1 (30.6%). Seven out of 49 @entity1 (14.3%) had intracranially associated diseases, such as @entity1829 and @entity1781 . @entity67414 was noted in four @entity1 (8.2%). Other diseases (e.g., papillophlebitis, @entity2479 , and @entity6 ) were seen in six @entity1 (12.2%). @entity3856 was observed more commonly in @entity1 with @entity7995 (p = 0.001). @entity1 with @entity7995 expected a better visual prognosis than @entity1 with NA-AION (0.12    0.32 vs. 0.49    0.35, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: NA-AION and @entity7995 should be considered in the differential diagnosis when @entity1 with @entity1781 swelling present to the neuro-ophthalmology clinic. Detailed history taking and supportive examinations, such as @entity227 and imaging tests, should also be performed as indicated. Regular follow-up of such exams is necessary for the differential diagnosis of these diseases.

title: Analysis of the causes of XXXX swelling.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field, color-vision']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic papillopathy']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['neuroretinitis']

entities_list: @entity67414 :: ('MESH:C562401', 'Disease') :: ['Pseudopapilledema']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuritis', 'ON']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic optic neuropathy', 'optic disc', 'compressive optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['papilledema']

entities_list: @entity3856 :: ('MESH:D058447', 'Disease') :: ['Ocular pain']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['optic disc']


abstract: A vagal origin of @entity944 has been hypothesised in @entity1 , but it has not yet been clearly demonstrated. Two vagal reflexes have been widely investigated: the diving reflex and the fear-induced central reaction, which are responsible for diving @entity1168 and alarm @entity1168 , respectively. The latter occurs in @entity1 mainly in the context of emotional @entity1163 / @entity1163 . A simultaneous occurrence of these two vagal reflexes has been observed in animals that are threatened while diving, and heart rates (HR) as low as two to six beats/min have been reported. In experiments carried out in @entity35 , a high percentage of animals that were stressed before immersion in water died suddenly due to progressive slowing of HR; autopsy revealed no signs of @entity14481 . No animals died if they had not been previously stressed. These data show that vagal @entity944 can occur when the vagal cardiac fibres are synergically stimulated by two independent reflexes. In @entity1 , it has been reported that in 10-15% of @entity1 who die after falling into water, autopsy reveals little or no water in the lungs. These sudden deaths could be due to vagal overactivity. The development of an adequate laboratory model may improve knowledge of the pathophysiology of this type of vagal @entity944 and of its prevention.

title: Simultaneous occurrence of two independent vagal reflexes: a possible cause of vagal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'people']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['syncope', 'presyncope']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity944 :: (MESH:D003645,Disease) :: ['sudden death']


abstract: PURPOSE: Automated pharmacy databases are increasingly available for assessing medication use, but research on the validity of these data is incomplete. This study aimed to measure agreement on @entity1229 and @entity117 use between medical records and automated pharmacy data among @entity1 with newly detected @entity955 ( @entity955 ). METHODS: @entity1 with newly detected @entity955 (n   =   1953) were previously identified in a cohort study at Group Health (GH) in Washington State. Medical records were reviewed for information on risk factors and medication use, as well as clinical care during the 6   months after @entity955 onset. Medication data were also obtained from the GH pharmacy database. We determined the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) as measures of the validity of the GH pharmacy database as compared with medical records for @entity1229 and @entity117 use during the first 6 and 3   months after @entity955 onset. We also calculated the k statistic. RESULTS: For @entity1229 use, in comparison with the medical record review, the sensitivity, specificity, and @entity2286 for the GH pharmacy database were excellent, and agreement was almost perfect in the 3- and 6-month periods after @entity955 onset (k   =   0.92 and 0.93, respectively). For @entity117 use, the GH pharmacy database had low sensitivity but high specificity, and agreement was only fair for these two periods (k   =   0.28 and 0.31, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The GH pharmacy database is a valuable source of data for pharmacoepidemiologic research on @entity1229 use among @entity1 with @entity955 . However, the database cannot be recommended for assessment of @entity117 use. Copyright    2010 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Ascertainment of @entity1229 and XXXX use by medical record review compared with automated pharmacy data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['aspirin']


abstract: PURPOSE: Automated pharmacy databases are increasingly available for assessing medication use, but research on the validity of these data is incomplete. This study aimed to measure agreement on @entity1229 and @entity117 use between medical records and automated pharmacy data among @entity1 with newly detected @entity955 ( @entity955 ). METHODS: @entity1 with newly detected @entity955 (n   =   1953) were previously identified in a cohort study at Group Health (GH) in Washington State. Medical records were reviewed for information on risk factors and medication use, as well as clinical care during the 6   months after @entity955 onset. Medication data were also obtained from the GH pharmacy database. We determined the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) as measures of the validity of the GH pharmacy database as compared with medical records for @entity1229 and @entity117 use during the first 6 and 3   months after @entity955 onset. We also calculated the k statistic. RESULTS: For @entity1229 use, in comparison with the medical record review, the sensitivity, specificity, and @entity2286 for the GH pharmacy database were excellent, and agreement was almost perfect in the 3- and 6-month periods after @entity955 onset (k   =   0.92 and 0.93, respectively). For @entity117 use, the GH pharmacy database had low sensitivity but high specificity, and agreement was only fair for these two periods (k   =   0.28 and 0.31, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The GH pharmacy database is a valuable source of data for pharmacoepidemiologic research on @entity1229 use among @entity1 with @entity955 . However, the database cannot be recommended for assessment of @entity117 use. Copyright    2010 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Ascertainment of XXXX and @entity117 use by medical record review compared with automated pharmacy data.

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['warfarin']


abstract: The author attended a practical training program at the Los Angeles County Coroner's Office for 2 weeks in June 2008. The systems of investigating the cause of @entity204 in the USA are not unified because every state has its own laws and systems, with Los Angeles County having a mixed system of Coroner and Medical Examiner. This report is presented to introduce the training course for medical residents at the Institute of LA. To begin, a tour through the office was provided. All residents then underwent a mask-fit-test in order to prevent @entity281 . A conference to present cases for the day was held each morning, as well as lectures once or twice per week. The whole staff instructed the trainees with care, not only in the Institute but also at the @entity204 scene and the court. Additionally, the author also attended the LAC + USC Medical Center Combined @entity130 Death Review Committee as an observer. This committee is very important for @entity130 quality assurance. The report of the coroner's autopsy is handed to the committee and the chairperson, a coroner, assesses the results of the emergency medical treatment. This greatly improves the quality of emergency medicine and reduces the number of preventable @entity204 .

title: [Resident training program of coroner's office and XXXX quality assurance in Los Angeles County, California, USA].

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To construct recombinant expression plasmid with an antibacterial peptide (attacin) mature peptide gene from Musca domestica and express an antibacterial peptide attacin in @entity10056 . METHODS: The coding region of attacin mature peptide was cloned into the expression vector pPIC9K. The recombinant plasmid was linearized by digestion with Sac I and transformed into @entity10101 by electroporation. The insert clones containing multiple copies were selected with @entity11185 , pha, enotype and PCR. The expression of @entity10101 /pPIC9K-attacin were induced with @entity1042 . The supernatant of the expressed protein was analyzed by @entity214 -PAGE and Western blotting. The anti-bacterial activity of expression product was analyzed by agarose diffusion assay. RESULTS: The expression plasmid was constructed and transformed into @entity10101 . @entity214 -PAGE and Western blotting analysis indicated that the recombinant containing recombinant plasmid pPIC9K-attacin expressed a Mr 22000 protein. The expression product inhibited the growth of @entity2624 D31. CONCLUSION: The attacin gene from Musca domestica has been expressed in @entity10056 .

title: [Heterologous expression of attacin gene from Musca domestica in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity11185 :: ('MESH:C010680', 'Chemical') :: ['geneticin']

entities_list: @entity10056 :: ('4922', 'Species') :: ['Pichia pastoris', 'P. pastoris']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

answer: @entity10056 :: (4922,Species) :: ['Pichia pastoris']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the immune response elicited by the recombinant protein vaccine and DNA vaccine of the complex antigen ROP2-SAG1 from @entity3204 . METHODS: Sixty female BALB/c @entity19 were randomly divided into 4 groups (15 per group). @entity19 in rROP2-SAGI group were immunized subcutaneously with 2.5 microg rROP2-SAG1 protein formulated in Freund's adjuvant. @entity19 in control group received only adjuvant emulsified with normal saline. @entity19 in recombinant plasmid pcROP2-SAG1 and control plasmid pcDNA3.1 groups were each injected intramuscularly with 100 microg of pcROP2-SAG1 and pcDNA3.1, respectively. All the @entity19 received three immunizations at 2-week intervals. Serum samples were collected at 25, 45, and 70 days after immunization for determining antibody IgG, and at 2 weeks after the last immunization @entity9686 and @entity9749 were detected all by ELISA. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to determine the splenocyte proliferation, and the supernatant of cultured splenocytes was collected for the detection of @entity60 by ELISA. RESULTS: The level of IgG continued to rise in rROP2-SAG1 group after immunization, and similarly in pcROP2-SAG1 group. At 2 weeks after the last immunization, level of @entity9686 (1.538 +/- 0.183) was higher than that of @entity9749 (0.618 +/- 0.122) (P < 0.05) in rROP2-SAG1 group. Whereas no significant difference between @entity9686 (1.107 +/- 0.137) and @entity9749 (0.830 +/- 0.185) was observed in pcROP2-SAG1 group (P > 0.05). Compared with the pcROP2-SAG1 group (A450 = 0.123 +/- 0.018), more significant proliferation response of splenocytes was observed in rROP2-SAG1 group (0.348 +/- 0.042) (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) of @entity60 and @entity2047 in the supematant of cultured splenocytes between the groups of rROP2-SAG1 and pcROP2-SAG1. CONCLUSION: The antibody level and splenocyte proliferation have been significantly higher in @entity19 immunized with recombinant protein rROP2-SAG1 than those with recombinant plasmid pcROP2-SAG1.

title: [Immune response elicited by the recombinant protein and plasmid DNA of complex antigen ROP2-SAG1 from XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity3204 :: ('5811', 'Species') :: ['Toxoplasma gondii']

answer: @entity3204 :: (5811,Species) :: ['Toxoplasma gondii']


abstract: This study is to investigate the influence and the expression of CMTM family of @entity251 on spermatogenesis suppression in the male @entity35 treated by @entity6319 and @entity786 . @entity6319 (50 mg kg(-1)) and @entity786 (20 mg kg(-1)) were administered to male @entity35 to induce spermatogenesis suppression. @entity3033 was administrated at the dose of 5 mg kg(-1) every other day for 6 times. Sperm was collected from the left @entity10145 , the count and motility of sperm were analyzed by @entity44770 . Morphological change of testis tissue was observed with HE staining. The expression of CMTM family was examined by Western blotting assay. @entity6319 (50 mg kg(-1)) and @entity786 (20 mg kg(-1)) decreased the count and motility of sperm, and the pathological change of testis tissue was also observed. But, @entity251 (5 mg kg(-1)) had positive effect. Furthermore, @entity72952 down-expressed remarkably in the @entity6319 and @entity786 treated @entity35 , the expression of the @entity72952 was up-expressed after @entity251 administration. On the contrary, the expression of CMTM2 increased significantly only in @entity6319 treated male @entity35 , but not in @entity786 treated male @entity35 . The expression of CMTM2 was down-expressed after @entity251 administration. However, no obvious change of CMTM2 was observed in @entity786 treated @entity35 . @entity251 did not influence the expression of @entity56045 , @entity72953 and @entity72954 , the @entity72955 , @entity72956 and @entity72957 of CMTM family were not detected in testis tissue. These demonstrated that the spermatogenesis effect of @entity251 (5 mg kg(-1)) was associated with the expression of CMTM family, and CMTM2 and @entity72952 may take part in the spermatogenesis process.

title: [Effect of XXXX on the expression of CMTM family of the male spermatogenesis suppression @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity3033 :: ('MESH:D043343', 'Chemical') :: ['Testosterone propionate']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone', 'Testosterone']

entities_list: @entity6319 :: ('MESH:D006072', 'Chemical') :: ['gossypol', 'Gossypol']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity10145 :: ('MESH:C537221', 'Disease') :: ['caudal epididymis']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['testosterone']


abstract: This study is to investigate the influence and the expression of CMTM family of @entity251 on spermatogenesis suppression in the male @entity35 treated by @entity6319 and @entity786 . @entity6319 (50 mg kg(-1)) and @entity786 (20 mg kg(-1)) were administered to male @entity35 to induce spermatogenesis suppression. @entity3033 was administrated at the dose of 5 mg kg(-1) every other day for 6 times. Sperm was collected from the left @entity10145 , the count and motility of sperm were analyzed by @entity44770 . Morphological change of testis tissue was observed with HE staining. The expression of CMTM family was examined by Western blotting assay. @entity6319 (50 mg kg(-1)) and @entity786 (20 mg kg(-1)) decreased the count and motility of sperm, and the pathological change of testis tissue was also observed. But, @entity251 (5 mg kg(-1)) had positive effect. Furthermore, @entity72952 down-expressed remarkably in the @entity6319 and @entity786 treated @entity35 , the expression of the @entity72952 was up-expressed after @entity251 administration. On the contrary, the expression of CMTM2 increased significantly only in @entity6319 treated male @entity35 , but not in @entity786 treated male @entity35 . The expression of CMTM2 was down-expressed after @entity251 administration. However, no obvious change of CMTM2 was observed in @entity786 treated @entity35 . @entity251 did not influence the expression of @entity56045 , @entity72953 and @entity72954 , the @entity72955 , @entity72956 and @entity72957 of CMTM family were not detected in testis tissue. These demonstrated that the spermatogenesis effect of @entity251 (5 mg kg(-1)) was associated with the expression of CMTM family, and CMTM2 and @entity72952 may take part in the spermatogenesis process.

title: [Effect of @entity251 on the expression of CMTM family of the male spermatogenesis suppression XXXX ].

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an improving operative procedure and the clinical results of arthroscopically assisted treatment for @entity8043 . METHODS: Between April 2006 and March 2009, 22 @entity1 (25 knees) with primary @entity697 underwent an improving arthroscopic operation, release of lateral retinaculum and suture of medial capsule and retinaculum structure. There were 5 males and 17 females with an average age of 23.6 years (range, 14-34 years). Three @entity1 had bilateral procedure. Eleven left knees and 14 right knees were involved. The disease duration was 1-10 days with an average of 5.9 days. All @entity1 had @entity3029 ; of them, 14 @entity1 showed reduction without treatment, and 8 @entity1 showed dislocation at admission and were given close manipulative reduction. The results were positive for apprehension test in all @entity1 with the limitation of passive motion and for Ballottable Patella Sign in 15 cases. Lysholm score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and Insall scale were adopted to evaluate the effect. RESULTS: All incisions healed by first intention. All the @entity1 were followed up 12-36 months (17 months on average). During the first 3 months after operation, sunken skin in the puncture point medial to the patella was observed in 12 knees; 10 knees @entity158 of the soft tissue lateral to the patella; 15 knees felt tense in the soft tissue medial to the patella, however, all these problems disappeared or recovered gradually after rehabilitation and conservative treatment. No recurrence of dislocation was observed during the follow-up. Lysholm score was significantly improved from preoperative 67.3 +/- 5.7 to postoperative 96.6 +/- 4.5 (t = 3.241, P = 0.003) and VAS score from 6.5 +/- 0.5 to 1.8 +/- 0.4 (t = 2.154, P = 0.040). According to Insall scale, the results were excellent in 18 knees, good in 5 knees, and fair in 2 knees at 1 year after operation with an excellent and good rate of 92%. CONCLUSION: The improving procedure of arthroscopically assisted treatment for @entity8043 is a minimally invasive operation and has a number of benefits. Its short-term clinical outcome was satisfactory.

title: [Arthroscopically assisted treatment for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute complete dislocation of the patella']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['suffered pain']

entities_list: @entity8043 :: ('MESH:D031222', 'Disease') :: ['acute patellar dislocation']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['lateral dislocation']

answer: @entity8043 :: (MESH:D031222,Disease) :: ['acute patellar dislocation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective was to demonstrate the derivation and the preliminary validation of a brief screening score to improve recognition of @entity4697 -like @entity148 ( @entity341 ) @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 . METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 507 @entity341 @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 randomly assigned to the derivation condition (n = 201) or the validation condition (n = 306). The @entity148 Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV) acted as the criterion standard for @entity4697 diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine which of the sociodemographic, medical, and questionnaire response variables best predicted the presence of @entity4697 -like @entity148 in the derivation condition. The selected predictors were entered in a logistic regression analysis to determine variables to be included in the screening score. The predictive validity of the resulting score was evaluated in both conditions. RESULTS: The four-item Panic Screening Score (PSS) identified @entity4697 -like @entity148 with a sensitivity of 63% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 52% to 73%) and a specificity of 84% (95% CI = 76% to 90%) in the derivation phase. The positive predictive value was 74% (95% CI = 62% to 93%) and the negative predictive value was 76% (95% CI = 68% to 89%). In the validation phase, the sensitivity and specificity were 53% (95% CI = 44% to 62%) and 85% (95% CI = 78% to 89%), respectively. The positive predictive value was 72% (95% CI = 62% to 80%) and the negative predictive value was 71% (95% CI = 65% to 77%). CONCLUSIONS: The PSS may be useful to identify @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 who could benefit from referral to mental health professionals or their primary care providers for evaluation of @entity4697 and @entity4697 . Prospective studies to improve and validate the PSS, followed by impact analysis, are mandatory before clinical implementation.

title: Preliminary investigation of the Panic Screening Score for XXXX @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic', 'panic attack', 'panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety in emergency department', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective was to demonstrate the derivation and the preliminary validation of a brief screening score to improve recognition of @entity4697 -like @entity148 ( @entity341 ) @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 . METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 507 @entity341 @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 randomly assigned to the derivation condition (n = 201) or the validation condition (n = 306). The @entity148 Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV) acted as the criterion standard for @entity4697 diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine which of the sociodemographic, medical, and questionnaire response variables best predicted the presence of @entity4697 -like @entity148 in the derivation condition. The selected predictors were entered in a logistic regression analysis to determine variables to be included in the screening score. The predictive validity of the resulting score was evaluated in both conditions. RESULTS: The four-item Panic Screening Score (PSS) identified @entity4697 -like @entity148 with a sensitivity of 63% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 52% to 73%) and a specificity of 84% (95% CI = 76% to 90%) in the derivation phase. The positive predictive value was 74% (95% CI = 62% to 93%) and the negative predictive value was 76% (95% CI = 68% to 89%). In the validation phase, the sensitivity and specificity were 53% (95% CI = 44% to 62%) and 85% (95% CI = 78% to 89%), respectively. The positive predictive value was 72% (95% CI = 62% to 80%) and the negative predictive value was 71% (95% CI = 65% to 77%). CONCLUSIONS: The PSS may be useful to identify @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 who could benefit from referral to mental health professionals or their primary care providers for evaluation of @entity4697 and @entity4697 . Prospective studies to improve and validate the PSS, followed by impact analysis, are mandatory before clinical implementation.

title: Preliminary investigation of the Panic Screening Score for @entity341 @entity1 with unexplained XXXX .

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['chest pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective was to demonstrate the derivation and the preliminary validation of a brief screening score to improve recognition of @entity4697 -like @entity148 ( @entity341 ) @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 . METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 507 @entity341 @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 randomly assigned to the derivation condition (n = 201) or the validation condition (n = 306). The @entity148 Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV) acted as the criterion standard for @entity4697 diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine which of the sociodemographic, medical, and questionnaire response variables best predicted the presence of @entity4697 -like @entity148 in the derivation condition. The selected predictors were entered in a logistic regression analysis to determine variables to be included in the screening score. The predictive validity of the resulting score was evaluated in both conditions. RESULTS: The four-item Panic Screening Score (PSS) identified @entity4697 -like @entity148 with a sensitivity of 63% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 52% to 73%) and a specificity of 84% (95% CI = 76% to 90%) in the derivation phase. The positive predictive value was 74% (95% CI = 62% to 93%) and the negative predictive value was 76% (95% CI = 68% to 89%). In the validation phase, the sensitivity and specificity were 53% (95% CI = 44% to 62%) and 85% (95% CI = 78% to 89%), respectively. The positive predictive value was 72% (95% CI = 62% to 80%) and the negative predictive value was 71% (95% CI = 65% to 77%). CONCLUSIONS: The PSS may be useful to identify @entity1 with unexplained @entity662 who could benefit from referral to mental health professionals or their primary care providers for evaluation of @entity4697 and @entity4697 . Prospective studies to improve and validate the PSS, followed by impact analysis, are mandatory before clinical implementation.

title: Preliminary investigation of the Panic Screening Score for @entity341 XXXX with unexplained @entity662 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Prospective radiological analysis of @entity1 with @entity5884 . OBJECTIVE: To analyze sagittal spinal alignment and pelvic orientation in @entity5884 @entity1 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Knowledge of sagittal spinopelvic parameters is important for the treatment of @entity5884 , because they differ from those of the normal population and can induce @entity158 . METHODS: The study and control groups were composed of 32 @entity5884 @entity1 and 24 healthy volunteers, respectively. All underwent lateral radiography of the whole spine including hip joints. The radiographic parameters examined were @entity10145 ( @entity10145 ), pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence (PI), S1 overhang, @entity1513 , T10-L2 @entity1513 , @entity1515 (LL1, LL2), and sagittal balance. Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant differences between the two groups. In addition, correlations between parameters and symptoms were sought. RESULTS: Sagittal spinopelvic parameters, namely, pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence, S1 overhang, @entity1513 , T10-L2 @entity1513 , @entity1515 1 and sagittal balance were found to be significantly different in the @entity1 and control groups (P < 0.05). In addition, sagittal parameters were found to be related to each other in the @entity1 group (P < 0.05), that is, PI was related to @entity10145 and pelvic tilt, and LL was related to @entity1513 . Furthermore, in terms of relations between spinal and pelvic parameters, LL was related to @entity10145 and PI, and sagittal balance was related to @entity10145 and PI. Furthermore, LL and T10-L2 @entity1513 were found to be related to @entity158 (P < 0.05), whereas no other parameter was found to be related to VAS scores. CONCLUSION: Sagittal parameters and possible relationships between sagittal parameters and symptoms were found to be significantly different in @entity5884 @entity1 and normal healthy controls. The present study shows that sagittal spinal and pelvic parameters can assist the treatment of @entity74 in @entity5884 @entity1 .

title: Analysis of sagittal spinopelvic parameters in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5884 :: ('MESH:D000130', 'Disease') :: ['achondroplasia']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic kyphosis', 'kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['spinal disorders']

entities_list: @entity10145 :: ('MESH:C537221', 'Disease') :: ['SS', 'sacral slope']

answer: @entity5884 :: (MESH:D000130,Disease) :: ['achondroplasia']