abstract: OBJECTIVES: Longitudinal prescription patterns of @entity734 ( @entity734 ) have not been described to date in Korea. Here we aimed to describe AED prescribing trends over a 12-year period and assess age differences in AED prescribing patterns in a @entity302 . METHODS: We retrieved and analyzed all AED prescribing and dispensing data in 2001-2012 in @entity1 aged 0-18  years with an established diagnosis of @entity302 at the largest tertiary @entity1 's hospital in Korea. @entity734 included for analysis were classified as older (i.e., @entity2049 , @entity17979 , @entity109 , @entity3174 , and @entity1092 ) and newer (i.e., @entity2682 , @entity2812 , @entity4677 , @entity2051 , @entity4481 , @entity1771 , @entity5305 , @entity10315 , @entity13876 , and @entity5762 ) on the basis of market availability before versus after 1991. RESULTS: A total of 5593 @entity1 with @entity302 were prescribed an AED during the 12-year period. The proportion of newer AED prescriptions was 52.6  % in 2001 and continuously increased to 74.3  % in 2012. @entity2051 was most widely used, followed by @entity1092 . While @entity2049 and @entity5305 use progressively decreased over the 12-year period, those of @entity2812 and @entity1771 rapidly increased. Age differences in prescribing patterns were observed. Polytherapy was observed in 49.7  % of the total population, while 83.9  % of new users were prescribed monotherapy. CONCLUSION: This study provided updated information on AED prescription trends for childhood @entity302 . We found a progressive increase in the use of newer @entity734 . However, @entity1092 , the only prevalent older AED, continued to be widely prescribed. A high rate of polytherapy among the prescriptions overall raises some safety concerns.

title: Trends in Antiepileptic Drug Prescriptions for Childhood @entity302 at a Tertiary XXXX 's Hospital in Korea, 2001-2012.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4677 :: ('MESH:C026098', 'Chemical') :: ['levetiracetam']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: Background: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) is a common health problem with an estimated prevalence of 4% among @entity1 , many of whom are undiagnosed and untreated. OBJECTIVES: To compare demographic characteristics, health profiles, risk factors, and disease severity in Arab and Jewish @entity1 with @entity27 . METHODS: In this cross-sectional study we retrospectively analyzed clinical data from the medical files of @entity1 >=  22 years old who were referred to the Rambam Medical Center sleep clinic during the period 2001-2009 with a suspected diagnosis of @entity27 . @entity27 severity was measured using the @entity386 - @entity387 index (AHI). Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test. Relations between @entity27 severity and a set of independent risk factors were assessed by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 207 @entity1 were included (39 Arabs, 19%; 168 Jews, 81%). Arab @entity1 were younger than their Jewish counterparts (45.5    8.9 years vs. 49.8    11.8, P = 0.04) and their body mass index (BMI) was higher (3.1    5.1 vs. 30.0    4.4, P = 0.001). @entity27 severity (AHI score) was higher among Arab @entity1 , with low, medium and high severity scores seen in 10%, 33% and 56% of Arab @entity1 vs. 35%, 29% and 37% of Jewish @entity1 , respectively [T(198) = 2.39, P = 0.02]. Mean blood @entity26 saturation was comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Arab @entity1 presenting for evaluation of @entity387 harbored more severe @entity27 symptoms, were younger, and had higher BMI compared to Jewish @entity1 . Since @entity27 evolves for several years until it becomes severe, these findings suggest that Arab @entity1 seek medical assistance later than Jewish @entity1 with @entity27 .

title: XXXX : Comparison of Syndrome Severity and Risk Factors for Adult Jewish and Arab Males in Northern Israel.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['hypopnea', 'sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA', 'OSA syndrome']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['Obstructive Sleep Apnea']


abstract: The effect of low, nonfreezing temperatures on the viability of five strains of @entity15133 was studied. The viability of cultures grown at 30 C was determined after exposure to various diluents held at 0 to 2 C. A culture diluted at its growth temperature served as the control. Cells of strain N were most sensitive in the early part of the exponential phase of growth. Cells of strains 252 and 341 were most sensitive in the late exponential, early stationary phase of growth. Cells of strain 9 showed greatest loss of viability during the maximal stationary phase. Strain 69 was completely resistant throughout its growth cycle to @entity130 . Cell viability was much greater in buffered salts solution than in distilled water, broth, or physiological saline, whether cultures were diluted at room temperature or in the cold. The proportion of cells surviving after exposure to cold, however, was the same regardless of the composition of the diluent. @entity393 was progressive at 0 to 2 C and reached a maximum after 2 hr. There was no loss of viability of cells exposed to 20 C, but there was some loss at 12 C. Strain 341 cultivated at 15 C was much less sensitive to 0 to 2 C than when it was cultivated at 30 C. The composition of the growth medium seemed to have no effect on the survival of cells exposed to cold. The @entity4663 , @entity8037 and @entity7225 , as well as @entity20704 and @entity969 , exerted some protective action against the effects of cold but not uniformly for all strains studied.

title: Effect of cold temperatures on the viability of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7225 :: ('MESH:C009475', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethylenediamine']

entities_list: @entity8037 :: ('MESH:D013096', 'Chemical') :: ['spermine']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity15133 :: ('536', 'Species') :: ['Chromobacterium violaceum']

entities_list: @entity4663 :: ('MESH:D011073', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamines']

entities_list: @entity20704 :: ('MESH:D004896', 'Chemical') :: ['erythritol']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['Loss of viability']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['cold injury']

answer: @entity15133 :: (536,Species) :: ['Chromobacterium violaceum']


abstract: The vascular structure of 5 @entity1 @entity320 grown in athymic @entity19 was characterized. The vessels were filled with a radio-opaque medium administered via the abdominal aorta of the @entity19 . X-ray images, obtained from 720 micrometers-thick @entity5 sections, provided qualitative information on the vascular structure of the @entity5 . Histograms for vessel length, surface, and volume as a function of vessel diameter were obtained by stereological analysis of 2 micrometers-thick sections. The volume fraction of @entity39 tissue in the @entity5 was also determined by stereological analysis. The 5 @entity320 exhibited individual, characteristic vascular structures as well as individual, characteristic @entity39 fractions. The total vessel length ranged from 32 +/- 2 to 80 +/- 4 mm, the total vessel surface from 1.6 +/- 0.1 to 3.8 +/- 0.2 mm2, and the total vessel volume from 0.009 +/- 0.001 to 0.022 +/- 0.002 mm3--all values per mm3 histologically intact @entity5 tissue. The @entity39 fractions ranged from 30 +/- 1 to 49 +/- 4%, and tended to be higher in the poorly than in the well-vascularized @entity320 . The volume doubling times ranged from 4.2 to 21.6 days. @entity320 with short volume-doubling times had lower @entity39 fractions and tended to be better vascularized than those with long volume-doubling times.

title: Vascular structure of five XXXX @entity320 grown in athymic @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['malignant melanomas', 'melanomas', 'Melanomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The vascular structure of 5 @entity1 @entity320 grown in athymic @entity19 was characterized. The vessels were filled with a radio-opaque medium administered via the abdominal aorta of the @entity19 . X-ray images, obtained from 720 micrometers-thick @entity5 sections, provided qualitative information on the vascular structure of the @entity5 . Histograms for vessel length, surface, and volume as a function of vessel diameter were obtained by stereological analysis of 2 micrometers-thick sections. The volume fraction of @entity39 tissue in the @entity5 was also determined by stereological analysis. The 5 @entity320 exhibited individual, characteristic vascular structures as well as individual, characteristic @entity39 fractions. The total vessel length ranged from 32 +/- 2 to 80 +/- 4 mm, the total vessel surface from 1.6 +/- 0.1 to 3.8 +/- 0.2 mm2, and the total vessel volume from 0.009 +/- 0.001 to 0.022 +/- 0.002 mm3--all values per mm3 histologically intact @entity5 tissue. The @entity39 fractions ranged from 30 +/- 1 to 49 +/- 4%, and tended to be higher in the poorly than in the well-vascularized @entity320 . The volume doubling times ranged from 4.2 to 21.6 days. @entity320 with short volume-doubling times had lower @entity39 fractions and tended to be better vascularized than those with long volume-doubling times.

title: Vascular structure of five @entity1 XXXX grown in athymic @entity19 .

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['malignant melanomas']


abstract: The vascular structure of 5 @entity1 @entity320 grown in athymic @entity19 was characterized. The vessels were filled with a radio-opaque medium administered via the abdominal aorta of the @entity19 . X-ray images, obtained from 720 micrometers-thick @entity5 sections, provided qualitative information on the vascular structure of the @entity5 . Histograms for vessel length, surface, and volume as a function of vessel diameter were obtained by stereological analysis of 2 micrometers-thick sections. The volume fraction of @entity39 tissue in the @entity5 was also determined by stereological analysis. The 5 @entity320 exhibited individual, characteristic vascular structures as well as individual, characteristic @entity39 fractions. The total vessel length ranged from 32 +/- 2 to 80 +/- 4 mm, the total vessel surface from 1.6 +/- 0.1 to 3.8 +/- 0.2 mm2, and the total vessel volume from 0.009 +/- 0.001 to 0.022 +/- 0.002 mm3--all values per mm3 histologically intact @entity5 tissue. The @entity39 fractions ranged from 30 +/- 1 to 49 +/- 4%, and tended to be higher in the poorly than in the well-vascularized @entity320 . The volume doubling times ranged from 4.2 to 21.6 days. @entity320 with short volume-doubling times had lower @entity39 fractions and tended to be better vascularized than those with long volume-doubling times.

title: Vascular structure of five @entity1 @entity320 grown in athymic XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['nude mice']


abstract: We investigated the effects of brief intermittent periods of @entity63 on @entity296 . Brief periodic @entity1563 were produced up to 18 times by inflating and deflating the balloon of an intracoronary No. 2F catheter for periods of 15, 10 or 5 minutes, followed by 15-minute periods of reperfusion. @entity908 kinase (CK) release, @entity5045 staining, and light and electron microscopy were used to detect the presence of @entity296 . For the study of CK release, blood was taken from the great cardiac vein and the aorta before and at 5-minute intervals during each left anterior descending coronary occlusion, as well as during and 1, 5, 10 and 15 minutes @entity661 . In seven of 24 @entity235 with 15-minute occlusions, in five of 21 @entity235 with 10-minute occlusions, and in three of 32 @entity235 with 5-minute occlusions, small but distinct areas of @entity39 were present. In all @entity235 with morphologic proof of @entity39 , there was periodic release of CK into the great cardiac vein, which peaked immediately after reperfusion, reflecting CK washout. Thus, brief periods of @entity63 , which when single do not cause @entity39 , have a cumulative effect and may cause @entity296 . This mechanism of @entity39 may be relevant clinically in @entity1 with frequent @entity2749 . Since many @entity235 of this study did not have any @entity296 , the findings also suggest that intermittent reperfusion has a beneficial effect and may prevent @entity39 , even when total occlusion time exceeds 200 minutes.

title: Intermittent brief periods of @entity63 have a cumulative effect and may cause XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5045 :: ('MESH:C009591', 'Chemical') :: ['triphenyl tetrazolium chloride']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial necrosis', 'myocardial viability']

entities_list: @entity2749 :: ('MESH:C580065', 'Disease') :: ['anginal episodes']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatine']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusions']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'subendocardial necrosis']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['after balloon deflation']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial necrosis']


abstract: We investigated the effects of brief intermittent periods of @entity63 on @entity296 . Brief periodic @entity1563 were produced up to 18 times by inflating and deflating the balloon of an intracoronary No. 2F catheter for periods of 15, 10 or 5 minutes, followed by 15-minute periods of reperfusion. @entity908 kinase (CK) release, @entity5045 staining, and light and electron microscopy were used to detect the presence of @entity296 . For the study of CK release, blood was taken from the great cardiac vein and the aorta before and at 5-minute intervals during each left anterior descending coronary occlusion, as well as during and 1, 5, 10 and 15 minutes @entity661 . In seven of 24 @entity235 with 15-minute occlusions, in five of 21 @entity235 with 10-minute occlusions, and in three of 32 @entity235 with 5-minute occlusions, small but distinct areas of @entity39 were present. In all @entity235 with morphologic proof of @entity39 , there was periodic release of CK into the great cardiac vein, which peaked immediately after reperfusion, reflecting CK washout. Thus, brief periods of @entity63 , which when single do not cause @entity39 , have a cumulative effect and may cause @entity296 . This mechanism of @entity39 may be relevant clinically in @entity1 with frequent @entity2749 . Since many @entity235 of this study did not have any @entity296 , the findings also suggest that intermittent reperfusion has a beneficial effect and may prevent @entity39 , even when total occlusion time exceeds 200 minutes.

title: Intermittent brief periods of XXXX have a cumulative effect and may cause @entity296 .

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: High levels of @entity3265 and the presence of @entity41130 have major impacts on microbial communities and are known to cause operating problems in anaerobic degradation of protein-rich material. Operating strategies that can improve process performance in such conditions have been reported. The microbiological impacts of these are not fully understood, but their determination could help identify important factors for balanced, efficient operation. This study investigated the correlations between microbial community structure, operating parameters and digester performance in high- @entity3265 conditions. METHOD: Continuous anaerobic co-digestion of household waste and albumin was carried out in laboratory-scale digesters at high @entity3265 concentrations (0.5-0.9  g @entity3655 /L). The digesters operated for 320  days at 37 or 42    C, with or without addition of a trace element mixture including @entity68 (TE). Abundance and composition of syntrophic acetate-oxidising bacteria (SAOB) and of methanogenic and acetogenic communities were investigated throughout the study using 16S rRNA and functional gene-based molecular methods. RESULTS: Syntrophic @entity598 oxidation dominated @entity577 formation in all digesters, where a substantial enhancement in digester performance and influence on microbial community by addition of TE was shown dependent on temperature. At 37    C, TE addition supported dominance and strain @entity3794 of @entity71275 and altered the acetogenic community, whereas the same supplementation at 42    C had a low impact on microbial community structure. Both with and without TE addition operation at 42    C instead of 37    C had low impact on digester performance, but considerably restricted acetogenic and methanogenic community structure, evenness and @entity3794 . The abundance of known SAOB was higher in digesters without TE addition and in digesters operating at 42    C. No synergistic effect on digester performance or microbial community structure was observed on combining increased temperature with TE addition. CONCLUSIONS: Our identification of prominent populations related to enhanced performance within methanogenic (high dominance and @entity3794 of @entity71275 ) and acetogenic communities are valuable for continued research and engineering to improve @entity577 production in high- @entity3265 conditions. We also show that a temperature increase of only 5    C within the mesophilic range results in an extreme dominance of one or a few species within these communities, independent of TE addition. Furthermore, functional stable operation was possible despite low microbial temporal dynamics, evenness and @entity3794 at the higher temperature.

title: Trace element and temperature effects on microbial communities and links to biogas digester performance at high XXXX levels.

entities_list: @entity71275 :: ('83986', 'Species') :: ['Methanoculleus bourgensis', 'M. bourgensis']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity41130 :: ('CHEBI:15138', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphide']

answer: @entity3265 :: (MESH:D000641,Chemical) :: ['ammonia']


abstract: We recently reported that treatment of differentiated @entity1573 embryo myoblasts in culture with the potent @entity5 promoter @entity864 ( @entity865 ) caused a 2-fold increase in the level of @entity11396 in the plasma membrane fraction within 15-30 min (Grove, R.I. and Schimmel, S.D. (1981) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 102, 158-164). This system has been characterized further and the metabolic origin and fate of the stimulated @entity2366 have been investigated. The stimulation of @entity11396 was insensitive to alterations of @entity141 concentration in the medium and to the presence of inhibitors of @entity141 flux, protein synthesis and prostaglandin synthesis. The @entity844 composition of the newly formed @entity2366 was similar to that of @entity2434 . In addition, the @entity653 moiety of the @entity2366 was shown to be derived from a lipid with metabolic turnover similar to that of @entity2434 . The @entity5 promoter was also found to stimulate rapidly synthesis of @entity8558 , @entity4357 and @entity2434 . A possible model is proposed, therefore, in which the @entity5 promoter stimulates a membrane-associated phospholipase C which generates @entity11396 via the hydrolysis of @entity2434 . The newly formed @entity2366 is then metabolized back to @entity2434 or to @entity8558 and @entity4357 .

title: Effects of XXXX on glycerolipid metabolism in cultured myoblasts.

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity2434 :: ('MESH:D010713', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity8558 :: ('MESH:D010712', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidic acid']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity11396 :: ('MESH:C011439', 'Chemical') :: ['1,2-diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity864 :: (MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755,Chemical) :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) on @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) among @entity1 with recurrent @entity1204 and if there is any predictor for @entity41 status. METHODS: Between January 1993 and May 2013, data of 34 @entity1 who had @entity1104 for recurrent @entity1204 were retrospectively analyzed. Overall survival was determined from @entity1104 to last follow-up. RESULTS: The surgical procedure was local excision without laparotomy in 12 @entity1 , and optimal cytoreduction (no visible disease) was achieved in 24 of 34 @entity1 . There were no perioperative @entity204 . None of the factors was associated with achievement of optimal cytoreduction. Five-year @entity1349 rates were 37% and 27% for the entire cohort and for the laparotomy group, respectively. For the entire cohort, disease-free interval (from initial surgery to recurrence), adjuvant therapy after initial surgery, CA-125 level at recurrence, multiplicity of recurrence, surgical procedure, and optimal cytoreduction and for the laparotomy group adjuvant treatment and optimal cytoreduction were associated with @entity1349 . In the laparotomy group, @entity1349 rates were 53 and 9 months in the @entity1 who did and did not have optimal @entity1104 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Significant survival benefit can be achieved with optimal resection. Prospective studies should be designed to define optimal cytoreduction and to determine the predictors of optimal cytoreduction achievement.

title: Salvage Cytoreductive Surgery for Recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['SCS', 'salvage cytoreductive surgery']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['Endometrial Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The authors' 15-year experience with @entity2704 surgery has led them to believe that the most common reasons for incomplete response are failure to detect all of the trigger sites or, on rare occasions, inadequate surgery on the trigger sites. Thus, accurate identification of trigger sites is essential. The purpose of this article is to share the authors' current stepwise algorithm for accurately detecting the @entity2704 trigger sites, which has evolved through surgery on nearly 1000 @entity1 . To begin, a thorough history is taken. Each @entity1 's constellation of symptoms can point toward one or multiple trigger points. The @entity1 is asked to point to the most frequent site from which @entity2704 originate with one fingertip, and then the site is explored with a Doppler. If an arterial Doppler signal is identified at the site, it is considered an active arterial trigger site. Response to a @entity616 with a local anesthetic in a @entity1 with an active @entity2704 @entity10 confirms the presence of a trigger site. If the @entity1 does not have @entity158 at the time of the office visit, an injection of botulinum toxin A at the suspected trigger site may be considered. Although positive responses to botulinum toxin A and @entity616 are very helpful and reliable in confirming the trigger sites, negative responses must be interpreted with extreme caution. In @entity1 with a @entity2704 @entity10 starting from the retrobulbar site, a computed tomography scan of the paranasal sinuses is obtained to look for contact points and other pathology that would confirm rhinogenic trigger sites.

title: The Current Means for Detection of Migraine XXXX Trigger Sites.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraine', 'migraine headaches']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['nerve block']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['Headache']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Elicitation of eye closure and other movements via electrical stimulation may provide effective treatment for @entity3541 . The authors performed a @entity1 feasibility study to determine whether transcutaneous neural stimulation can elicit a blink in individuals with @entity697 and to obtain feedback from @entity1 regarding the tolerability of surface electrical stimulation for daily blink restoration. METHODS: Forty individuals with acute unilateral @entity3541 , HB grades 4 through 6, were prospectively studied between 6 and 60 days of onset. Unilateral stimulation of zygomatic @entity735 was achieved with brief bipolar, charge-balanced pulse trains, delivered transcutaneously by adhesive electrode placement; results were recorded on a high-speed video camera. The relationship between stimulation parameters and cutaneous sensation was analyzed using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. RESULTS: Complete eye closure was achieved in 55 percent of @entity1 using stimulation parameters reported as tolerable. In those individuals, @entity735 was observed at an average current of 4.6 mA (  1.7; average pulse width of 0.7 ms, 100 to 150 Hz), with complete closure requiring a mean of 7.2 mA (  2.6). CONCLUSIONS: Transcutaneous facial nerve stimulation may @entity735 in a majority of @entity1 with acute @entity3541 . Although individuals varied widely in their reported degrees of discomfort from blink-eliciting stimulation, most of them indicated that such stimulation would be tolerable if it could restore eye closure. These @entity1 would therefore benefit from a biomimetic device to facilitate eye closure until the recovery process is complete. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.

title: Electrical Stimulation of Eye Blink in Individuals with Acute XXXX : Progress toward a Bionic Blink.

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial paralysis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute facial palsy']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['initial eye twitch', 'artificially elicit eye blink', 'facial nerve branches to elicit eye blink']

answer: @entity3541 :: (MESH:D005158,Disease) :: ['Facial Palsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objetive: Determine the grade of agreement between the colangiopancreatography by magnetic resonance (CPRM) and the endoscopic retrograde colangio pancreatography (ERCP) in hospitalized @entity1 by @entity9279 in a period of time in a ref-erence hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Type of study, retrospective evaluation of diagnostic tool, the size of the sample was calculated from the pilot simple and was 320 @entity1 . We recolected 354 @entity1 that urderwent both studies (CPRM and ERCP), to evaluate the correlation between both procedures we used Kappa variation. RESULTS: 354 pacients were included, 226 @entity1 (63.8%), @entity1 128 (36.2%), with mean age of 48 years. There was dilatation of the choledocus by CRMN in 60%, sensibility of 96, 7%, especificity of 40%, Kappa index 0,406 (IC 95%: 0, 32-0, 50) that indicates a moderate agreement. For the presence of choledocus calculi with CPRM was 54%, with sensibility of 72.6%, specificity of 68.3%, Kappa index 0.409 (IC 95%: 0.31-0.51), moderate agreement. For caculi in the gallbladder the kappa index was 0.246 weak. We identify 27% de false negatives for CRMN in detecting choledocusd lithiasis. CONCLUSIONS: The CPRM and ERCP had a moderate correlation according to the Kappa index detecting dilatation and choledocus calculi in our @entity1 . The number of false negatives for cho-ledocolithiasis by CPRM leads us to seek in other prospective aleatory studies like endoscopic biliiopancreatic ultrasonopgraphy to compare the CPRM in @entity1 with intermediate probability for choledoco-lithiasis.

title: [Correlation between cholangiopancreatography by magnetic resonance and the endoscopic retrograde colangio pancreatography in hospitalized by XXXX in the University Hospital San Ignacio (Bogota-Colombia) between 2005 to 2011].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity9279 :: ('MESH:D020347', 'Disease') :: ['biliary lithiasis']

answer: @entity9279 :: (MESH:D020347,Disease) :: ['biliary lithiasis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Social cognition is commonly assessed by identification of emotions in facial expressions. Presence of colour, a salient feature of stimuli, might influence emotional face perception. METHODS: We administered 2 tests of facial emotion recognition, the Emotion Recognition Test (ER40) using colour pictures and the Penn Emotional Acuity Test using monochromatic pictures, to 37 young healthy, 39 old healthy and 37 @entity161 @entity1 . RESULTS: Among young healthy individuals recognition of emotions was more accurate and faster in colour than in monochromatic pictures. Compared to the younger group, older healthy individuals revealed impairment in identification of sad expressions in colour but not monochromatic pictures. @entity161 @entity1 showed greater impairment in colour than monochromatic pictures of neutral and sad expressions and overall total score compared to both healthy groups. @entity1 showed significant correlations between @entity73 and perception of emotion in colour but not monochromatic pictures. CONCLUSIONS: Colour enhances perception of general emotional clues and this contextual effect is impaired in healthy ageing and @entity161 . The effects of colour need to be considered in interpreting and comparing studies of emotion perception. Coloured face stimuli may be more sensitive to emotion processing impairments but less selective for emotion-specific information than monochromatic stimuli. This may impact on their utility in early detection of impairments and investigations of underlying mechanisms.

title: Colour influences perception of facial emotions but this effect is impaired in healthy ageing and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In vitro and animal model of @entity571 ( @entity571 ) studies suggest that @entity2533 signalling is involved in @entity571 , but @entity1 data is limited. We undertook this study to elucidate the role of @entity2533 signalling pathway in @entity571 by comparing the expression levels of @entity2533 and @entity1841 as ligands, @entity7379 as an intracellular mediator, and @entity1550 as a targeted gene between @entity1 osteoarthritic and healthy cartilage. METHODS: @entity1 cartilage samples were collected from @entity1 undergoing total hip/knee joint replacement surgery due to primary @entity571 or hip @entity174 as controls. RNA was extracted from the cartilage tissues. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to measure gene expression. Mann-Whitney test was utilized to compare the expression levels of @entity2533 , @entity1841 , @entity7379 and @entity1550 in @entity1 cartilage between @entity571 cases and controls. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho) was calculated to examine the correlation between the expression levels of the four genes studied and non-parametric regression was used to adjust for covariates. RESULTS: A total of 32 @entity571 cases (25 hip @entity571 and 7 knee @entity571 ) and 21 healthy controls were included. The expression of @entity2533 , @entity7379 , and @entity1550 were on average 70  %, 46  %, and 355  % higher, respectively, whereas the expression of @entity1841 was 88  % lower, in @entity571 -affected cartilage than that of controls (all p   <   0.03), but no difference was observed between hip and knee @entity571 (all p   >   0.4). The expression of @entity2533 was correlated with the expression of @entity7379 (rho   =   0.50, p   =   0.003) and @entity1550 (rho   =   0.46, p   =   0.007) in @entity571 -affected cartilage and the significance became stronger after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. The expression of @entity1841 was negatively correlated with both @entity2533 (rho   =   -0.50, p   =   0.02) and @entity1550 (rho   =   -0.48, p   =   0.02) in healthy cartilage, but the significance was altered after adjustment for the covariates. There was no correlation between the expression of @entity7379 and @entity1550 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that @entity1550 expression is associated with an increased expression of @entity2533 in @entity571 -affected cartilage, possibly through SMAD-independent @entity2533 pathway. Furthermore, @entity2533 / @entity7379 is overactivated in @entity571 cartilage; yet, the consequence of this overactivation remains to be established.

title: Overexpression of XXXX in @entity1 osteoarthritic cartilage is associated with the SMAD-independent @entity2533 signalling pathway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

answer: @entity1550 :: (4322,Gene) :: ['MMP13']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In vitro and animal model of @entity571 ( @entity571 ) studies suggest that @entity2533 signalling is involved in @entity571 , but @entity1 data is limited. We undertook this study to elucidate the role of @entity2533 signalling pathway in @entity571 by comparing the expression levels of @entity2533 and @entity1841 as ligands, @entity7379 as an intracellular mediator, and @entity1550 as a targeted gene between @entity1 osteoarthritic and healthy cartilage. METHODS: @entity1 cartilage samples were collected from @entity1 undergoing total hip/knee joint replacement surgery due to primary @entity571 or hip @entity174 as controls. RNA was extracted from the cartilage tissues. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to measure gene expression. Mann-Whitney test was utilized to compare the expression levels of @entity2533 , @entity1841 , @entity7379 and @entity1550 in @entity1 cartilage between @entity571 cases and controls. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho) was calculated to examine the correlation between the expression levels of the four genes studied and non-parametric regression was used to adjust for covariates. RESULTS: A total of 32 @entity571 cases (25 hip @entity571 and 7 knee @entity571 ) and 21 healthy controls were included. The expression of @entity2533 , @entity7379 , and @entity1550 were on average 70  %, 46  %, and 355  % higher, respectively, whereas the expression of @entity1841 was 88  % lower, in @entity571 -affected cartilage than that of controls (all p   <   0.03), but no difference was observed between hip and knee @entity571 (all p   >   0.4). The expression of @entity2533 was correlated with the expression of @entity7379 (rho   =   0.50, p   =   0.003) and @entity1550 (rho   =   0.46, p   =   0.007) in @entity571 -affected cartilage and the significance became stronger after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. The expression of @entity1841 was negatively correlated with both @entity2533 (rho   =   -0.50, p   =   0.02) and @entity1550 (rho   =   -0.48, p   =   0.02) in healthy cartilage, but the significance was altered after adjustment for the covariates. There was no correlation between the expression of @entity7379 and @entity1550 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that @entity1550 expression is associated with an increased expression of @entity2533 in @entity571 -affected cartilage, possibly through SMAD-independent @entity2533 pathway. Furthermore, @entity2533 / @entity7379 is overactivated in @entity571 cartilage; yet, the consequence of this overactivation remains to be established.

title: Overexpression of @entity1550 in @entity1 osteoarthritic cartilage is associated with the SMAD-independent XXXX signalling pathway.

answer: @entity2533 :: (7040,Gene) :: ['TGF-b']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In vitro and animal model of @entity571 ( @entity571 ) studies suggest that @entity2533 signalling is involved in @entity571 , but @entity1 data is limited. We undertook this study to elucidate the role of @entity2533 signalling pathway in @entity571 by comparing the expression levels of @entity2533 and @entity1841 as ligands, @entity7379 as an intracellular mediator, and @entity1550 as a targeted gene between @entity1 osteoarthritic and healthy cartilage. METHODS: @entity1 cartilage samples were collected from @entity1 undergoing total hip/knee joint replacement surgery due to primary @entity571 or hip @entity174 as controls. RNA was extracted from the cartilage tissues. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to measure gene expression. Mann-Whitney test was utilized to compare the expression levels of @entity2533 , @entity1841 , @entity7379 and @entity1550 in @entity1 cartilage between @entity571 cases and controls. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho) was calculated to examine the correlation between the expression levels of the four genes studied and non-parametric regression was used to adjust for covariates. RESULTS: A total of 32 @entity571 cases (25 hip @entity571 and 7 knee @entity571 ) and 21 healthy controls were included. The expression of @entity2533 , @entity7379 , and @entity1550 were on average 70  %, 46  %, and 355  % higher, respectively, whereas the expression of @entity1841 was 88  % lower, in @entity571 -affected cartilage than that of controls (all p   <   0.03), but no difference was observed between hip and knee @entity571 (all p   >   0.4). The expression of @entity2533 was correlated with the expression of @entity7379 (rho   =   0.50, p   =   0.003) and @entity1550 (rho   =   0.46, p   =   0.007) in @entity571 -affected cartilage and the significance became stronger after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. The expression of @entity1841 was negatively correlated with both @entity2533 (rho   =   -0.50, p   =   0.02) and @entity1550 (rho   =   -0.48, p   =   0.02) in healthy cartilage, but the significance was altered after adjustment for the covariates. There was no correlation between the expression of @entity7379 and @entity1550 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that @entity1550 expression is associated with an increased expression of @entity2533 in @entity571 -affected cartilage, possibly through SMAD-independent @entity2533 pathway. Furthermore, @entity2533 / @entity7379 is overactivated in @entity571 cartilage; yet, the consequence of this overactivation remains to be established.

title: Overexpression of @entity1550 in XXXX osteoarthritic cartilage is associated with the SMAD-independent @entity2533 signalling pathway.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: A synthetic dressing (IP-758) consisting of a @entity1346 membrane with a laminated layer of nylon fabric was evaluated in @entity1 as a substitute for biological materials to cover excised areas of burn wounds. During a 3-day interval, the tissue developed a tightly adherent bond to the synthetic dressing. The IP-758 conformed to irregularly-shaped regions and stretched with the movements of the wound surface. Seventeen burned @entity1 from 3 to 12 years of age and 1 adult are included in this study. In 12 cases, the mean area covered with the synthetic ranged from approximately 39 to 118 cm2. The average dressing remained in place for 3 days and was replaced once. Microbiological sampling (wet swab technique) of the area under the IP-758 after application of second dressing was compared with open control sites treated with topical antibiotics. The results with @entity794 , a frequent contaminant, were similar for the two test areas. The IP-758 site in 6 @entity1 contained an average of 10 3 @entity794 per swab test. Immediately following removal of the adherent IP-758 and control of local @entity548 , the wounds in most @entity1 provided excellent sites for autografts. The IP-758 dressing is well-tolerated, elastic and adherent to the burn wound permitting maturation of the wound to readily accept autografts.

title: A XXXX -nylon laminated dressing (IP-758) for closure of excised or d  brided burn wounds.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The UK prevalence of @entity439 is estimated at 10.4 per 100,000 @entity1 -years. Progressive and unpredictable enlargement can lead to @entity397 . Endovascular repair of @entity2334 involves a stent graft system being introduced via the femoral artery and manipulated within the aorta under radiological guidance. Following endograft deployment, a seal is formed at the proximal and distal landing zones to exclude the @entity439 sac from the circulation. With the increasing popularity of endovascular repair there has been an increase in the number of commercially available stent graft designs on the market. This is an update of the review first published in 2013. OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to assess the different stent graft types for endovascular repair of @entity2334 . SEARCH METHODS: The Cochrane Vascular Group @entity325 ( @entity325 ) searched the Specialised Register (last searched February 2015) and the Cochrane Register of Studies CENTRAL (2015, Issue 1). Trial databases were searched by the @entity325 for details of ongoing and unpublished studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: All published and unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of stent graft types in the repair of @entity2334 were sought without language restriction. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data collection and analysis was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. MAIN RESULTS: No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. It was not possible to assess the quality of the evidence in the absence of studies eligible for inclusion in the review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Unfortunately, no data exist regarding direct comparisons of the performance of different stent graft types. High quality RCTs evaluating stent graft types in @entity439 repair are required.

title: Stent graft types for endovascular repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2334 :: ('MESH:D017545', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic aneurysm', 'thoracic endovascular aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['Trials Search Co-ordinator', 'TSC']

answer: @entity2334 :: (MESH:D017545,Disease) :: ['thoracic aortic aneurysms']


abstract: Amyloid-b (Ab) protein causes @entity2359 and its abnormal aggregation into amyloid is a pathological hallmark of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Cellular proteins able to interact with Ab or its precursor, @entity15370 ( @entity15370 ), may regulate Ab production and @entity2359 . We identified a brain-enriched @entity71276 , tomoregulin (TR), that directly binds Ab and Ab oligomers ( @entity44831 ). TR co-immunoprecipitated with Ab and @entity44831 in cultured cells and co-localized with amyloid plaques and intraneuronal Ab in the 5xFAD @entity195 @entity19 model. TR was also enriched in astrocytic processes reactive to amyloid plaques. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy studies showed that the extracellular domain of TR binds to @entity44831 with a high affinity ( @entity573 =76.8 nM). Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy also demonstrated a physical interaction between spin-labeled Ab and the TR extracellular domain in solution. Furthermore, TR also interacted with @entity15370 and enhanced its cleavage by a-secretase. Both cellular expression of TR and application of recombinant TR extracellular domain protected N2a neurons from @entity44831 -induced @entity528 . These data provide first evidence that neuronal and astrocytic expression of TR is intimately related to Ab metabolism and @entity137 , and could be neuroprotective through its direct interaction with Ab and  @entity15370 .

title: Tomoregulin (TMEFF2) Binds @entity195 Amyloid-b (Ab) Oligomer and @entity15370 and Protects Neurons from Ab-Induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity15370 :: ('11820(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['AbPP', 'amyloid-b protein precursor']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

entities_list: @entity71276 :: ('60455(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['type I transmembrane protein']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Toxicity']


abstract: Amyloid-b (Ab) protein causes @entity2359 and its abnormal aggregation into amyloid is a pathological hallmark of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Cellular proteins able to interact with Ab or its precursor, @entity15370 ( @entity15370 ), may regulate Ab production and @entity2359 . We identified a brain-enriched @entity71276 , tomoregulin (TR), that directly binds Ab and Ab oligomers ( @entity44831 ). TR co-immunoprecipitated with Ab and @entity44831 in cultured cells and co-localized with amyloid plaques and intraneuronal Ab in the 5xFAD @entity195 @entity19 model. TR was also enriched in astrocytic processes reactive to amyloid plaques. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy studies showed that the extracellular domain of TR binds to @entity44831 with a high affinity ( @entity573 =76.8 nM). Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy also demonstrated a physical interaction between spin-labeled Ab and the TR extracellular domain in solution. Furthermore, TR also interacted with @entity15370 and enhanced its cleavage by a-secretase. Both cellular expression of TR and application of recombinant TR extracellular domain protected N2a neurons from @entity44831 -induced @entity528 . These data provide first evidence that neuronal and astrocytic expression of TR is intimately related to Ab metabolism and @entity137 , and could be neuroprotective through its direct interaction with Ab and  @entity15370 .

title: Tomoregulin (TMEFF2) Binds @entity195 Amyloid-b (Ab) Oligomer and XXXX and Protects Neurons from Ab-Induced @entity137 .

answer: @entity15370 :: (11820(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['AbPP']


abstract: Amyloid-b (Ab) protein causes @entity2359 and its abnormal aggregation into amyloid is a pathological hallmark of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Cellular proteins able to interact with Ab or its precursor, @entity15370 ( @entity15370 ), may regulate Ab production and @entity2359 . We identified a brain-enriched @entity71276 , tomoregulin (TR), that directly binds Ab and Ab oligomers ( @entity44831 ). TR co-immunoprecipitated with Ab and @entity44831 in cultured cells and co-localized with amyloid plaques and intraneuronal Ab in the 5xFAD @entity195 @entity19 model. TR was also enriched in astrocytic processes reactive to amyloid plaques. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy studies showed that the extracellular domain of TR binds to @entity44831 with a high affinity ( @entity573 =76.8 nM). Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy also demonstrated a physical interaction between spin-labeled Ab and the TR extracellular domain in solution. Furthermore, TR also interacted with @entity15370 and enhanced its cleavage by a-secretase. Both cellular expression of TR and application of recombinant TR extracellular domain protected N2a neurons from @entity44831 -induced @entity528 . These data provide first evidence that neuronal and astrocytic expression of TR is intimately related to Ab metabolism and @entity137 , and could be neuroprotective through its direct interaction with Ab and  @entity15370 .

title: Tomoregulin (TMEFF2) Binds XXXX Amyloid-b (Ab) Oligomer and @entity15370 and Protects Neurons from Ab-Induced @entity137 .

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's Disease']


abstract: 1. By means of density gradient ultracentrifugation, the density profile of the serum lipoproteins was studied in 14 species of domestic and laboratory animals: the @entity1707 , @entity1573 , @entity2608 , @entity95 , @entity235 , @entity1641 , @entity742 , cat, @entity19 , @entity1237 , @entity291 , @entity840 , trout and @entity35 . 2. The concentration of @entity165 in whole serum and the lipoprotein fractions of these animal species was also determined. 3. There were large differences in the density profile of the serum lipoproteins among the various animals studied and the results indicate that the density limits employed for human serum lipoproteins are not directly applicable to the lipoproteins of animals. 4. In most of the animals studied, three major lipoprotein fractions could be observed as in @entity1 . 5. However, such a clear pattern was not found in the @entity291 , @entity35 and @entity840 . 6. In the animals studied, with the exception of the @entity1707 and the @entity840 , most of the @entity165 in the serum was carried in the high density lipoprotein fraction.

title: The density profile and XXXX concentration of serum lipoproteins in domestic and laboratory animals.

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkey']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: This outbreak highlights a number of significant factors related to most @entity2782 outbreaks. The bath water had not been changed in more than four weeks which led to a build-up of high levels of organic @entity505 . There was an extended interval of six days between subsequent OTD @entity3878 residual tests, allowing the @entity3878 residual to decrease to low levels between tests. It should also be noted that the OTD test, by design, measures both the active free @entity3878 and the inactive combined @entity3878 residual. Therefore OTD residual readings in the low normal range may actually represent below normal free active @entity3878 residual levels. The following measures are suggested to reduce the growth of pseudomonads in hot tubs and whirlpool baths and to prevent subsequent cases of @entity2782 : 1. The OTD @entity3878 residual should be checked every day. The residual should be well above the minimum level suggested for the bath. Or, preferably, an automatic chlorinator should be installed. This device measures the free @entity3878 residual and automatically adds @entity3878 to keep the residual in the desired range. 2. The water in the bath should be changed at least every eight weeks in order to reduce the total organic @entity505 level. The water should be changed more frequently if the bath is used by a large number of @entity1 . 3. If an outbreak of @entity2782 is associated with a bath, the water should be changed and the bath washed with a @entity3878 -based solution. Also, the method of keeping the @entity3878 residual in the operating range should be re-evaluated.

title: Methods for preventing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2782 :: ('MESH:D011552', 'Disease') :: ['pseudomonas folliculitis']

entities_list: @entity3878 :: ('MESH:D002713', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorine']

answer: @entity2782 :: (MESH:D011552,Disease) :: ['pseudomonas folliculitis']


abstract: To determine whether the previously described abnormalities in @entity8 in essential @entity101 are associated, we examined the responses to the relevant systems in 18 @entity1 with essential @entity101 . Young @entity1 , under 30 years of age, were studied to minimize the likelihood that the phenomena were secondary to long-standing @entity101 . To achieve a wide span of @entity1372 balance, studies were performed during a high (200 mEq) @entity1372 intake, a restricted (10 mEg) @entity1372 intake and a restricted @entity1372 intake supplemented by a further short-term diuretic-induced @entity51 ( @entity1483 , 180 to 300 mg, to reduce body weight by 1 to 1.5 kg). The indexes measured included cardiac output ( @entity3194 indicator dilution), plasma volume (125 I albumin space), renal blood flow (radioxenon transit), plasma @entity916 activity and @entity1369 levels and @entity1369 secretory rate. All of these variables, with the exception of blood pressure and total peripheral resistance, were within the normal range during the two diets. However, the @entity1369 secretory response to diuretic-induced volume depletion on a low- @entity1372 diet was clearly blunted in nine subjects. These nine subjects (abnormal responders) had a virtually absent @entity1369 increment (23 +/- 34 micrograms per 24 hours) compared with the normal responders (502 %/- 70 micrograms per 24 hours). In addition, renal blood flow was significantly higher in these same nine subjects during both a high @entity1372 intake (434 +/- 19 versus 342 +/- 26 ml/100 g per minute) and a restricted @entity1372 intake /446 +/- 11 versus 285 +/- 39 ml/100 g per minute). Yet, there were no significant differences between these two groups in @entity1372 or @entity972 balance, blood pressure, plasma volume, cardiac index or plasma @entity916 activity during a high or low @entity1372 intake. Normally, control of both @entity1369 release by the adrenal and renal perfusion is dominated by angiotensin; an apparently blunted response of both systems suggests that there may be a generalized abnormality in the way angiotensin interacts with its target tissues in many young @entity1 with essential @entity101 .

title: Parallel adrenal and XXXX in young @entity1 with essential @entity101 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal secretion and renal blood flow']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity3194 :: ('MESH:D007208', 'Chemical') :: ['indocyanine green']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['volume deficit']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal abnormalities']


abstract: To determine whether the previously described abnormalities in @entity8 in essential @entity101 are associated, we examined the responses to the relevant systems in 18 @entity1 with essential @entity101 . Young @entity1 , under 30 years of age, were studied to minimize the likelihood that the phenomena were secondary to long-standing @entity101 . To achieve a wide span of @entity1372 balance, studies were performed during a high (200 mEq) @entity1372 intake, a restricted (10 mEg) @entity1372 intake and a restricted @entity1372 intake supplemented by a further short-term diuretic-induced @entity51 ( @entity1483 , 180 to 300 mg, to reduce body weight by 1 to 1.5 kg). The indexes measured included cardiac output ( @entity3194 indicator dilution), plasma volume (125 I albumin space), renal blood flow (radioxenon transit), plasma @entity916 activity and @entity1369 levels and @entity1369 secretory rate. All of these variables, with the exception of blood pressure and total peripheral resistance, were within the normal range during the two diets. However, the @entity1369 secretory response to diuretic-induced volume depletion on a low- @entity1372 diet was clearly blunted in nine subjects. These nine subjects (abnormal responders) had a virtually absent @entity1369 increment (23 +/- 34 micrograms per 24 hours) compared with the normal responders (502 %/- 70 micrograms per 24 hours). In addition, renal blood flow was significantly higher in these same nine subjects during both a high @entity1372 intake (434 +/- 19 versus 342 +/- 26 ml/100 g per minute) and a restricted @entity1372 intake /446 +/- 11 versus 285 +/- 39 ml/100 g per minute). Yet, there were no significant differences between these two groups in @entity1372 or @entity972 balance, blood pressure, plasma volume, cardiac index or plasma @entity916 activity during a high or low @entity1372 intake. Normally, control of both @entity1369 release by the adrenal and renal perfusion is dominated by angiotensin; an apparently blunted response of both systems suggests that there may be a generalized abnormality in the way angiotensin interacts with its target tissues in many young @entity1 with essential @entity101 .

title: Parallel adrenal and @entity8 in young @entity1 with essential XXXX .

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: To determine whether the previously described abnormalities in @entity8 in essential @entity101 are associated, we examined the responses to the relevant systems in 18 @entity1 with essential @entity101 . Young @entity1 , under 30 years of age, were studied to minimize the likelihood that the phenomena were secondary to long-standing @entity101 . To achieve a wide span of @entity1372 balance, studies were performed during a high (200 mEq) @entity1372 intake, a restricted (10 mEg) @entity1372 intake and a restricted @entity1372 intake supplemented by a further short-term diuretic-induced @entity51 ( @entity1483 , 180 to 300 mg, to reduce body weight by 1 to 1.5 kg). The indexes measured included cardiac output ( @entity3194 indicator dilution), plasma volume (125 I albumin space), renal blood flow (radioxenon transit), plasma @entity916 activity and @entity1369 levels and @entity1369 secretory rate. All of these variables, with the exception of blood pressure and total peripheral resistance, were within the normal range during the two diets. However, the @entity1369 secretory response to diuretic-induced volume depletion on a low- @entity1372 diet was clearly blunted in nine subjects. These nine subjects (abnormal responders) had a virtually absent @entity1369 increment (23 +/- 34 micrograms per 24 hours) compared with the normal responders (502 %/- 70 micrograms per 24 hours). In addition, renal blood flow was significantly higher in these same nine subjects during both a high @entity1372 intake (434 +/- 19 versus 342 +/- 26 ml/100 g per minute) and a restricted @entity1372 intake /446 +/- 11 versus 285 +/- 39 ml/100 g per minute). Yet, there were no significant differences between these two groups in @entity1372 or @entity972 balance, blood pressure, plasma volume, cardiac index or plasma @entity916 activity during a high or low @entity1372 intake. Normally, control of both @entity1369 release by the adrenal and renal perfusion is dominated by angiotensin; an apparently blunted response of both systems suggests that there may be a generalized abnormality in the way angiotensin interacts with its target tissues in many young @entity1 with essential @entity101 .

title: Parallel adrenal and @entity8 in young XXXX with essential @entity101 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The records of 443 cases of liver @entity130 operated on at San Francisco General Hospital from 1976 to 1981 were reviewed. Forty-two percent of the injuries were due to blunt @entity130 , 32 percent to stabbings, and 26 percent to gunshot wounds. Seventy-two percent of the @entity1 were treated by simple repair and only 8 percent of @entity1 had to undergo major resection. Infections and pulmonary problems were the most common complications, and the overall morbidity was 38 percent. @entity1317 occurred in 84 percent of @entity1 . Our overall mortality was 9 percent; mortality for blunt @entity130 was 14 percent, for gunshot wounds 8 percent, and for stab wounds 2.8 percent. Most deaths were intraoperative (58 percent), with the primary cause of death being exsanguination. @entity881 accounted for most of the postoperative deaths. Our 5 years study and comparison with previous studies reaffirms our belief in a conservative approach to the traumatized @entity1 with @entity99 . Utilizing the aforementioned principles, we have managed to show a continual decrease in mortality in spite of treating a more severely traumatized group of @entity1 . We believe that continued improvement in mortality and morbidity is possible through the prevention of @entity130 , adherence to our basic guidelines, and the implementation of new technological advances now on the horizon.

title: Morbidity and mortality in XXXX . A 5 year study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['Associated injuries']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic trauma']


abstract: Twenty-one @entity1 with @entity583 , admitted to the hospital within 4 hours after the onset of symptoms, were studied by seven-pinhole thallium-201 scintigraphy before and 1 hour and 24 hours after intracoronary fibrinolysis using streptokinase. The size of the thallium-201 perfusion defect was assessed from myocardial cross sections reconstructed from the original seven-pinhole data and expressed as a fraction of left ventricular circumference. Recanalization was achieved in 16 @entity1 within 3.9 +/- 1.6 hours after onset of symptoms (group A). In these @entity1 , the size of the perfusion defect had decreased from 36 +/- 17% to 19% +/- 15% (p less than 0.001) at 24 hours. No significant change was detected by redistribution at 1 hour after the intervention. In five @entity1 , intracoronary fibrinolysis was unsuccessful, and the vessel remained occluded (group B). The thallium-201 perfusion defect affected 40 +/- 15% of the left ventricular circumference before the intervention; it remained virtually unchanged at 1 hour (37 +/- 16%) and at 24 hours (41 +/- 15%) after fibrinolysis. The perfusion defect was most reduced in @entity1 with extensive collaterals supplying the ischemic area or with subtotal occlusion of the affected coronary artery. We conclude that successful intracoronary fibrinolysis may reduce the size of the thallium-201 perfusion defect in many @entity1 with @entity583 . One important factor in the final result may be the presence of residual coronary flow supplied by extensive collaterals or by subtotal occlusion of the affected coronary artery when reperfusion is achieved around 4 hours after the onset of symptoms.

title: Thrombolysis in XXXX using intracoronary streptokinase: assessment by thallium-201 scintigraphy.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to verify the acquisition of the three dimensional single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) image using prompt gamma ray originated from proton @entity9725 fusion therapy (PBFT). METHODS: The real-time imaging system during the PBFT was simulated to acquire the tomographic image of the prompt gamma ray from treated @entity5 by the proton @entity9725 reaction, using Monte Carlo simulation (MCNPX). We acquired percentage depth dose (PDD) of the proton beam in the water phantom including the @entity9725 uptake region (BUR), the energy spectra of the prompt gamma ray and tomographic image which can show treated @entity5 regions. The prompt gamma ray image was reconstructed using maximum likelihood estimation maximization (MLEM) reconstruction algorithm with 64 projections. In addition, in order to evaluate the reconstructed image, the image profiles between BURs were extracted from the image. RESULTS: In the PDD results, the Bragg-peak was amplified definitely when the proton's maximum dose level was located at the BUR. This amplification is based on the generation of alpha particles. In addition, the prompt gamma ray peak of 719 keV was observed from the energy spectrum. Through the previous process, the tomographic image of prompt gamma ray from the BUR was reconstructed. The line profile was extracted from image including BURs, and it shows high signal-to-noise ratio. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that the real-time prompt gamma ray image during the PBFT was successfully deducted, and results of quantitative image analysis show good agreement with the original pattern of the BUR. This study first verified the imaging capability of the PBFT-SPECT system. In conclusion, the PBFT-SPECT system can realize the treated @entity5 monitoring during the PBFT.

title: MO-F-CAMPUS-J-05: Verification for Prompt Gamma Ray Imaging During Proton XXXX Fusion Therapy.

answer: @entity9725 :: (MESH:D001895,Chemical) :: ['Boron']


abstract: The effect of high doses of @entity1767 on the clinical status, plasma neuroleptic and prolactin concentrations as well as on CSF HVA and @entity1246 levels was investigated in 3 paranoid @entity161 @entity1 over a 6 weeks period. When the study was initiated @entity1 had been on @entity1767 (10 mg a day) for 4-10 weeks. Oral doses were increased at weekly intervals from 10 (day 0) to 100 (day 7) and 200 (days 14 to 28) mg a day and then reduced to 100 (day 35) and 10 (day 42) mg/day. A linear relationship was observed between plasmatic levels and daily doses of @entity1767 . In neither @entity1 , the increase in @entity1767 dosage affected paranoid symptoms. Neurological side effects were slightly increased in 2 cases and moderately reduced in one case. Prolactin plasma levels, already high at the onset of the study rose when increasing the dose to 100 mg a day but did not increase further despite increment in the @entity1767 dosage. CSF levels of @entity3829 and @entity1246 rose from day 0 to day 7 but were back to the initial values on day 28 in 2 @entity1 and were decreased from day 0 to day 28 in one @entity1 . For the 3 @entity1 a close correlation was observed between changes in CSF HVA and @entity1246 levels. It is concluded that high doses of @entity1767 , although causing biochemical changes compatible with the occurrence of @entity935 target cell supersensitivity, do not lead to any clinical improvement in the 3 studied @entity161 @entity1 .

title: [Use of @entity1767 in high doses in XXXX . Clinical, biochemical and pharmacokinetic study].

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: The effect of high doses of @entity1767 on the clinical status, plasma neuroleptic and prolactin concentrations as well as on CSF HVA and @entity1246 levels was investigated in 3 paranoid @entity161 @entity1 over a 6 weeks period. When the study was initiated @entity1 had been on @entity1767 (10 mg a day) for 4-10 weeks. Oral doses were increased at weekly intervals from 10 (day 0) to 100 (day 7) and 200 (days 14 to 28) mg a day and then reduced to 100 (day 35) and 10 (day 42) mg/day. A linear relationship was observed between plasmatic levels and daily doses of @entity1767 . In neither @entity1 , the increase in @entity1767 dosage affected paranoid symptoms. Neurological side effects were slightly increased in 2 cases and moderately reduced in one case. Prolactin plasma levels, already high at the onset of the study rose when increasing the dose to 100 mg a day but did not increase further despite increment in the @entity1767 dosage. CSF levels of @entity3829 and @entity1246 rose from day 0 to day 7 but were back to the initial values on day 28 in 2 @entity1 and were decreased from day 0 to day 28 in one @entity1 . For the 3 @entity1 a close correlation was observed between changes in CSF HVA and @entity1246 levels. It is concluded that high doses of @entity1767 , although causing biochemical changes compatible with the occurrence of @entity935 target cell supersensitivity, do not lead to any clinical improvement in the 3 studied @entity161 @entity1 .

title: [Use of XXXX in high doses in @entity161 . Clinical, biochemical and pharmacokinetic study].

answer: @entity1767 :: (MESH:D006220,Chemical) :: ['haloperidol']


abstract: 1 Eighty-five @entity1 with severe @entity101 complicating pregnancy were treated with oral @entity6555 ( @entity6555 ). Six of these had a twin pregnancy and 54 had @entity644 . 2 Effective control of the blood pressure was achieved in all but six @entity1 . The maximum dose of @entity6555 prescribed was 1200 mg daily. There were no significant maternal or foetal side-effects. 3 Foeto-placental function was carefully monitored in all @entity1 . Twenty-four of the 89 @entity1 born alive showed evidence of intra-uterine @entity851 , the highest incidence occurring in the group of @entity1 with essential @entity101 complicated by pregnancy induced @entity101 . 4 The low perinatal mortality of 4.4% was a reflection of the meticulous control of the blood pressure. 5 There were no @entity600 or evidence of oculotoxicity in any of the @entity1 delivered. 6 The efficient @entity551 action of orally administered @entity6555 together with the absence of maternal and foetal side effects and consequent improved perinatal mortality confirms that it is an eminently suitable drug for the treatment of @entity101 complicating pregnancy.

title: The evaluation of @entity6555 in the treatment of XXXX complicating pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity6555 :: ('MESH:D007741', 'Chemical') :: ['Trandate', 'labetalol']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: 1 Eighty-five @entity1 with severe @entity101 complicating pregnancy were treated with oral @entity6555 ( @entity6555 ). Six of these had a twin pregnancy and 54 had @entity644 . 2 Effective control of the blood pressure was achieved in all but six @entity1 . The maximum dose of @entity6555 prescribed was 1200 mg daily. There were no significant maternal or foetal side-effects. 3 Foeto-placental function was carefully monitored in all @entity1 . Twenty-four of the 89 @entity1 born alive showed evidence of intra-uterine @entity851 , the highest incidence occurring in the group of @entity1 with essential @entity101 complicated by pregnancy induced @entity101 . 4 The low perinatal mortality of 4.4% was a reflection of the meticulous control of the blood pressure. 5 There were no @entity600 or evidence of oculotoxicity in any of the @entity1 delivered. 6 The efficient @entity551 action of orally administered @entity6555 together with the absence of maternal and foetal side effects and consequent improved perinatal mortality confirms that it is an eminently suitable drug for the treatment of @entity101 complicating pregnancy.

title: The evaluation of XXXX in the treatment of @entity101 complicating pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity6555 :: (MESH:D007741,Chemical) :: ['labetalol']


abstract: The @entity1 is a 30-year-old @entity1 who has suffered from recurrent @entity5389 , oral aphthae and scrotal @entity1066 , @entity5406 and @entity2268 . In April, 1980, he gradually developed @entity10 and @entity227 . On April 14, 1980, he was pointed out remarked bilateral choked disc by an ophthalmologist and then admitted to the Miyazaki Medical College Hospital. On admission to our service, he showed atypical symptoms of Beh  et's disease, namely, oral aphthae and scrotal @entity1066 , @entity5406 and bilateral choked disc. Laboratory data demonstrated @entity4754 , increased clotting factors and decreased fibrinolytic activity. Immunogenetically, HLA BW51 type was demonstrated. The angiograms showed @entity432 . Histological examination of the @entity272 demonstrated @entity32 and @entity2268 . A diagnosis of atypical Vasculo-Beh  et's disease was made. The response to the @entity134 therapy was dramatic, though the fibrinolytic drugs, anticoagulants and vasodilators were not effective. @entity2268 is a well recognized complication of Beh  et's disease occurring in major vessels, however @entity715 of the dural sinus has rarely reported. This case may be the first one which had @entity50 with Vasculo-Beh  et's disease in literature. We discussed the mechanism of the thrombogenesis, the relationship to HLA, the coexistence of Neuro-Beh  et's disease and the therapy of Vasculo-Beh  et's disease.

title: [Vasculo-Beh  et's disease with XXXX --case report (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['atypical chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual disturbance']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerations']

entities_list: @entity2268 :: ('MESH:D013924', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophlebitis', 'Thrombophlebitis']

entities_list: @entity5389 :: ('MESH:D014069', 'Disease') :: ['attacks of tonsilitis']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity4754 :: ('MESH:D006942', 'Disease') :: ['hyperimmunoglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['complete obstructions of the superior sagittal sinus and the common trunk of the femoral artery']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['superior sagittal sinus thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity5406 :: ('MESH:D004893', 'Disease') :: ['erythema nodosum']

answer: @entity50 :: (MESH:D012851,Disease) :: ['superior sagittal sinus thrombosis']


abstract: AIMS: To determine the incidence and predictive factors of @entity174 and @entity662 after lung stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 were treated with lung SABR of 48-60  Gy in four to five fractions. The treatment plan and follow-up computed tomography scans of 289 @entity5 in 239 @entity1 were reviewed. Dose-volume histogram (DVH) metrics and clinical factors were evaluated as potential predictors of @entity137 . RESULTS: The median follow-up was 21.0 months (range 6.2-52.1). Seventeen per cent (50/289) developed a @entity174 , 44% (22/50) were symptomatic; the median time to @entity174 was 16.4 months. On univariate analysis, female gender, @entity170 , @entity5 adjacent (within 5  mm) to the chest wall and all of the chest wall DVH metrics predicted for @entity174 , but only @entity5 location adjacent to the chest wall remained significant on the multivariate model (P  <  0.01). The 2 year @entity174 -free probability for those adjacent to the chest wall was 65.6%. Among those @entity5 adjacent to the chest wall, only @entity170 (P  =  0.02) predicted for @entity174 , whereas none of the chest wall DVH metrics were predictive. Eight per cent (24/289) experienced @entity662 without @entity174 . CONCLUSIONS: None of the chest wall DVH metrics independently predicted for SABR-induced @entity174 when @entity5 location is taken into account. @entity1 with @entity5 adjacent (within 5  mm) to the chest wall are at greater risk of @entity174 after lung SABR, and among these, an additional risk was observed in @entity3604 @entity1 .

title: Predictors of Chest Wall XXXX after Lung Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest wall pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['chest wall toxicity']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['rib fracture', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Toxicity']


abstract: AIM: @entity2531 is associated with @entity409 , and psychotherapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are thought to provide useful interventions to address such dysfunction as well as the @entity158 itself. However, little is known whether CBT for @entity2531 is effective including long-term course of the illness in non-Western populations. We therefore tailored such a program based on an existing CBT protocol and examined its effectiveness in Japan. METHODS: Thirty-four Japanese @entity1 (22 females; mean age = 52.5 years) enrolled in a weekly 12 session group treatment, with 32 completing both wait-list and treatment conditions. The primary outcome measure was @entity158 intensity. Secondary outcome measures included @entity158 characteristics, as measured by @entity158 catastrophizing and psychometric evaluations, including @entity308 , @entity148 , and quality of life. The @entity1 were followed up for 12 months after treatment. RESULTS: We found that @entity158 intensity, @entity148 , @entity308 , and social functioning all significantly improved after treatment compared with the wait-list period, and the improvements in @entity158 intensity, @entity308 , and social functioning were sustained at 12 months following the completion of CBT. There were strong positive correlations (ps < 0.01) among pre- and post- treatment changes in the affective dimension of @entity158 , @entity308 , @entity148 , and @entity158 catastrophizing. CONCLUSION: These results show that the present CBT program was effective for Japanese @entity1 with @entity2531 and that gains were maintained over the long-term. More work is needed to further clarify the effects of CBT interventions on somatoform symptoms, particularly in Japan.

title: Effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) for XXXX @entity1 in Japan: A preliminary non-case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['Somatoform pain disorder', 'somatoform pain disorder']

answer: @entity2531 :: (MESH:D013001,Disease) :: ['somatoform pain disorder']


abstract: AIM: @entity2531 is associated with @entity409 , and psychotherapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are thought to provide useful interventions to address such dysfunction as well as the @entity158 itself. However, little is known whether CBT for @entity2531 is effective including long-term course of the illness in non-Western populations. We therefore tailored such a program based on an existing CBT protocol and examined its effectiveness in Japan. METHODS: Thirty-four Japanese @entity1 (22 females; mean age = 52.5 years) enrolled in a weekly 12 session group treatment, with 32 completing both wait-list and treatment conditions. The primary outcome measure was @entity158 intensity. Secondary outcome measures included @entity158 characteristics, as measured by @entity158 catastrophizing and psychometric evaluations, including @entity308 , @entity148 , and quality of life. The @entity1 were followed up for 12 months after treatment. RESULTS: We found that @entity158 intensity, @entity148 , @entity308 , and social functioning all significantly improved after treatment compared with the wait-list period, and the improvements in @entity158 intensity, @entity308 , and social functioning were sustained at 12 months following the completion of CBT. There were strong positive correlations (ps < 0.01) among pre- and post- treatment changes in the affective dimension of @entity158 , @entity308 , @entity148 , and @entity158 catastrophizing. CONCLUSION: These results show that the present CBT program was effective for Japanese @entity1 with @entity2531 and that gains were maintained over the long-term. More work is needed to further clarify the effects of CBT interventions on somatoform symptoms, particularly in Japan.

title: Effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) for @entity2531 XXXX in Japan: A preliminary non-case-control study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity648 exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties which may beneficially influence the development of @entity209 . A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based glycoprotein biomarker, designated GlycA, whose signal originates from several glycosylated acute-phase proteins, has been recently developed. We tested whether plasma GlycA is associated with @entity648 in subjects with and without @entity6 . DESIGN AND METHODS: GlycA (NMR spectroscopy), high sensitivity @entity1851 (hs-CRP) and @entity648 were measured in 58 fasting subjects with @entity6 and in 63 subjects without @entity6 (including 65 subjects with @entity6 ). RESULTS: GlycA and hs-CRP were higher, coinciding with lower @entity648 in @entity6 (p<0.01 for each). In all subjects combined, GlycA was strongly correlated with hs-CRP (r=0.631, p<0.001). Age-, sex- and @entity6 status-adjusted multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that GlycA and hs-CRP were both associated positively with the presence of @entity6 (b=0.256, p=0.014 and b=0.259, p=0.012, respectively). GlycA and hs-CRP were negatively related to @entity648 (b=-0.258, p=0.007 and b=-0.305, p<0.001, respectively), independent of @entity6 (p>0.05 for each) and @entity6 status (p>0.50 for each). CONCLUSIONS: GlycA is elevated in @entity6 , and may represent a quantitative measure of a pro-inflammatory state. Increased levels of glycosylated acute-phase proteins are associated with lower @entity648 in @entity6 .

title: A pro-inflammatory glycoprotein biomarker is associated with lower XXXX in @entity209 .

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['cardio-metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin', 'Bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['MetS', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity648 :: (MESH:D001663,Chemical) :: ['bilirubin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity648 exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties which may beneficially influence the development of @entity209 . A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based glycoprotein biomarker, designated GlycA, whose signal originates from several glycosylated acute-phase proteins, has been recently developed. We tested whether plasma GlycA is associated with @entity648 in subjects with and without @entity6 . DESIGN AND METHODS: GlycA (NMR spectroscopy), high sensitivity @entity1851 (hs-CRP) and @entity648 were measured in 58 fasting subjects with @entity6 and in 63 subjects without @entity6 (including 65 subjects with @entity6 ). RESULTS: GlycA and hs-CRP were higher, coinciding with lower @entity648 in @entity6 (p<0.01 for each). In all subjects combined, GlycA was strongly correlated with hs-CRP (r=0.631, p<0.001). Age-, sex- and @entity6 status-adjusted multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that GlycA and hs-CRP were both associated positively with the presence of @entity6 (b=0.256, p=0.014 and b=0.259, p=0.012, respectively). GlycA and hs-CRP were negatively related to @entity648 (b=-0.258, p=0.007 and b=-0.305, p<0.001, respectively), independent of @entity6 (p>0.05 for each) and @entity6 status (p>0.50 for each). CONCLUSIONS: GlycA is elevated in @entity6 , and may represent a quantitative measure of a pro-inflammatory state. Increased levels of glycosylated acute-phase proteins are associated with lower @entity648 in @entity6 .

title: A pro-inflammatory glycoprotein biomarker is associated with lower @entity648 in XXXX .

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We explored whether hemodynamic cardiac stress leads to a differential release of @entity130 biomarkers, used in the diagnosis of @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS: In an observational international multicenter study, we enrolled 831 unselected @entity1 presenting with symptoms suggestive of @entity583 to the emergency department. The final diagnosis was adjudicated by two independent cardiologists. Hemodynamic cardiac stress was quantified by levels of @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ). Spearman's rho correlation was used to analyze the correlations between @entity3876 and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs- @entity10020 ), Siemens @entity6949 -Ultra ( @entity6949 -ultra), CK-MB and @entity5632 . @entity1 were categorized according to the extent of hemodynamic cardiac stress as quantified by @entity3876 tertiles. RESULTS: Among all @entity1 , the positive pair-wise correlation with @entity3876 was strongest with hs- @entity10020 and @entity6949 -ultra (r=0.58 and 0.50, respectively), moderate for @entity5632 (r=0.43), and weakest with CK-MB (r=0.25; p<0.001 for each). Similar pattern of correlations was also observed among @entity583 @entity1 . Among @entity1 diagnosed with non-cardiac cause of @entity662 (n=385, 46%) and cardiac but non-coronary (n=109, 13%), @entity3876 had significant positive correlations with hs- @entity10020 , @entity6949 -ultra and @entity5632 (p<0.05), but not with CK-MB (p=NS). A similar pattern of stronger correlation between @entity3876 and hs- @entity10020 , @entity6949 -ultra and @entity5632 as compared to that with CK-MB was also observed within the higher @entity3876 tertile range. There was no correlation between @entity3876 and other biomarkers within the 1st @entity3876 tertile group. CONCLUSION: Hemodynamic cardiac stress, as quantified by @entity3876 , as a likely cause of @entity130 , is more closely reflected by concentrations of hs- @entity10020 , @entity6949 -ultra and @entity5632 than CK-MB.

title: XXXX induced by hemodynamic cardiac stress: Differential release of cardiac biomarkers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'B-type natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyocyte injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Cardiomyocyte injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) in @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) @entity1 is a life-threatening comorbidity. Despite its seriousness, prophylaxis and screening for @entity1150 in @entity1566 @entity1 are still not sophisticated. PURPOSE: This study aimed to define the epidemiology and incidence of @entity1150 in acute traumatic cervical @entity1566 in a Japanese population, determine the best timing for @entity1150 screening, and determine the optimal D-dimer threshold level for use as an easy and minimally invasive screening tool. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective clinical study. @entity1 SAMPLE: The @entity1 sample included acute traumatic cervical @entity1566 @entity1 who were admitted to our facility within 2 weeks after injury. OUTCOME MEASURE: Multivariate logistic regression was performed for outcome measure. METHODS: We enrolled 268 @entity1 (223 @entity1 and 45 @entity1 ), from April 2007 to December 2012. After excluding early drop-out @entity1 , 211 @entity1 remained. Assessment for neurological status and blood chemistry, especially @entity1003 levels (prothrombin time, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, and serum D-dimer), was performed every week until 1 month after injury. Ultrasonography was performed for @entity1150 detection every 2 weeks. RESULTS: @entity1150 were detected in 22 @entity1 (10.4% of @entity1 studied). All @entity1150 -positive @entity1 demonstrated severe @entity912 classified as C or greater on the American @entity3510 Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Multivariate logistic regression of clinical and laboratory parameters revealed that only the D-dimer level at 2 weeks after injury was an accurate predictor of @entity1150 formation. The optimal threshold of D-dimer for prediction was determined to be 16  g/dL. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting @entity1150 were 77.3% and 69.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: D-dimer levels may be used to predict the likelihood of @entity1150 development in @entity1 with acute cervical @entity1566 . Furthermore, the optimal timing for screening test by D-dimer is 2 weeks after injury, and optimal threshold level for D-dimer for diagnosing @entity1150 is 16  g/dL. Such a screening test would be cost-efficient and simple to administer and could then be followed with additional investigations, such as ultrasonography or venography.

title: D-dimer screening for @entity1150 in traumatic cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENT', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['Deep venous thromboses', 'Deep venous thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity3510 :: (MESH:D013124,Disease) :: ['spinal injuries']


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) in @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) @entity1 is a life-threatening comorbidity. Despite its seriousness, prophylaxis and screening for @entity1150 in @entity1566 @entity1 are still not sophisticated. PURPOSE: This study aimed to define the epidemiology and incidence of @entity1150 in acute traumatic cervical @entity1566 in a Japanese population, determine the best timing for @entity1150 screening, and determine the optimal D-dimer threshold level for use as an easy and minimally invasive screening tool. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective clinical study. @entity1 SAMPLE: The @entity1 sample included acute traumatic cervical @entity1566 @entity1 who were admitted to our facility within 2 weeks after injury. OUTCOME MEASURE: Multivariate logistic regression was performed for outcome measure. METHODS: We enrolled 268 @entity1 (223 @entity1 and 45 @entity1 ), from April 2007 to December 2012. After excluding early drop-out @entity1 , 211 @entity1 remained. Assessment for neurological status and blood chemistry, especially @entity1003 levels (prothrombin time, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, and serum D-dimer), was performed every week until 1 month after injury. Ultrasonography was performed for @entity1150 detection every 2 weeks. RESULTS: @entity1150 were detected in 22 @entity1 (10.4% of @entity1 studied). All @entity1150 -positive @entity1 demonstrated severe @entity912 classified as C or greater on the American @entity3510 Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Multivariate logistic regression of clinical and laboratory parameters revealed that only the D-dimer level at 2 weeks after injury was an accurate predictor of @entity1150 formation. The optimal threshold of D-dimer for prediction was determined to be 16  g/dL. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting @entity1150 were 77.3% and 69.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: D-dimer levels may be used to predict the likelihood of @entity1150 development in @entity1 with acute cervical @entity1566 . Furthermore, the optimal timing for screening test by D-dimer is 2 weeks after injury, and optimal threshold level for D-dimer for diagnosing @entity1150 is 16  g/dL. Such a screening test would be cost-efficient and simple to administer and could then be followed with additional investigations, such as ultrasonography or venography.

title: D-dimer screening for XXXX in traumatic cervical @entity3510 .

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['deep venous thrombosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Perioperative analgesic effects of oral @entity31896 following cautery disbudding were investigated in preweaned @entity291 . Twenty Holstein @entity291 approximately 4 to 6 wk old received a single oral dose of @entity31896 , a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory, at 0.5 mg/kg (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Responses, including ocular temperature determined by infrared thermography, pressure algometry measuring mechanical nociception threshold, and heart rate, were evaluated at 2, 4, 7, 8, and 24 h after @entity616 and cautery disbudding. Blood samples were collected over 96 h and analyzed for plasma @entity701 and @entity39120 concentrations by RIA. Additionally, ex vivo @entity1421 concentrations were determined over a 72-h study period using an enzyme immunoassay. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed effects model with repeated measures. An inhibition of ex vivo @entity1421 synthesis was observed from 12 to 48 h following disbudding in @entity291 treated with @entity31896 . Cautery disbudding was associated with an increased nociception for the duration of sampling (24 h). During the initial 24-h period following disbudding, no difference in response between treatment groups was noted. Following 24 h, mean @entity701 concentrations diverged between the 2 study groups with placebo-treated @entity291 having increased @entity701 concentrations at approximately 48 h after disbudding. Furthermore, the overall integrated @entity701 response as calculated as area under the effect curve tended to be reduced in @entity31896 -treated @entity291 . The prolonged effects of cautery dehorning require further investigation. Moreover, the effect of @entity31896 on @entity701 reduction observed in this study requires additional exploration.

title: The effects of XXXX on cautery disbudding pain and stress responses in preweaned dairy @entity291 .

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E2']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity31896 :: ('MESH:C487384', 'Chemical') :: ['firocoxib']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['cornual nerve block']

answer: @entity31896 :: (MESH:C487384,Chemical) :: ['firocoxib']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Perioperative analgesic effects of oral @entity31896 following cautery disbudding were investigated in preweaned @entity291 . Twenty Holstein @entity291 approximately 4 to 6 wk old received a single oral dose of @entity31896 , a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory, at 0.5 mg/kg (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Responses, including ocular temperature determined by infrared thermography, pressure algometry measuring mechanical nociception threshold, and heart rate, were evaluated at 2, 4, 7, 8, and 24 h after @entity616 and cautery disbudding. Blood samples were collected over 96 h and analyzed for plasma @entity701 and @entity39120 concentrations by RIA. Additionally, ex vivo @entity1421 concentrations were determined over a 72-h study period using an enzyme immunoassay. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed effects model with repeated measures. An inhibition of ex vivo @entity1421 synthesis was observed from 12 to 48 h following disbudding in @entity291 treated with @entity31896 . Cautery disbudding was associated with an increased nociception for the duration of sampling (24 h). During the initial 24-h period following disbudding, no difference in response between treatment groups was noted. Following 24 h, mean @entity701 concentrations diverged between the 2 study groups with placebo-treated @entity291 having increased @entity701 concentrations at approximately 48 h after disbudding. Furthermore, the overall integrated @entity701 response as calculated as area under the effect curve tended to be reduced in @entity31896 -treated @entity291 . The prolonged effects of cautery dehorning require further investigation. Moreover, the effect of @entity31896 on @entity701 reduction observed in this study requires additional exploration.

title: The effects of @entity31896 on cautery disbudding pain and stress responses in preweaned dairy XXXX .

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['calves']