abstract: PURPOSE: To quantify @entity1 motion during hypo-fractionated @entity263 treatment as tracked by Calypso    4D localization system. METHODS: 50 @entity263 @entity1 with implanted Calypso beacons underwent hypofractionated IMRT treatment. Typical fraction size was 5 with doses of 5-8 Gy/fraction. 213 traces from the 50 @entity1 were analyzed to quantify the probability of motion vs time starting from beam-on. Couch corrections applied by therapists were undone to obtain the natural course of @entity1 motion. The Calypso data was used to identify vector displacements greater than 2 mm from the starting position. The direction of this vector was classified into one of the 26 directions (combinations of L/R, A/P, S/I). The probability of motion >2mm was estimated by computing the fraction of traces that exceed the 2mm threshold at each time point. The violating motion points were also binned by direction in order to identify specific directions that were more prone to movement. RESULTS: The overall probability of motion greater than 2 mm at 5 and 10 minutes from beam-on were 27 % and 50% respectively. The primary directions in which motion occurred were Posterior-Inferior (PI) and Inferior (I) with a probability of 8.5% and 4% at 5 minutes and 10% for both at 10 minutes. Motion was classified into the following bins: 0-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7, 7-8 and greater than 8 mm. It is observed that motion < 2mm decreases from the first 5 minutes to the next while the higher magnitude components increase with time. CONCLUSION: The probability of prostate motion increases with time. The trend seen in the PI and I directions can be attributed to physiological factors like @entity1494 . This probability can be factored in for scheduling intrafraction imaging and used to compare dosimetric impact of VMAT vs. IMRT plans. This work is supported in part by Varian Medical Systems.

title: SU-E-J-183: Quantification of Motion During Hypo-Fractionated XXXX Radiation Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder filling']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction   We evaluated outcome and resource utilization disparities between commercially insured, Medicaid, and Medicare @entity1 . We further analyzed racial disparities in a subset cohort. Methods   We reviewed the MarketScan database (2000-2009) for adult @entity131 ( @entity131 ) @entity1 . Analyses were performed to evaluate outcome differences by insurance type and race. Outpatient service utilization disparities by insurance and race were also evaluated. Results   Our study included 92,159 @entity131 @entity1 , 44,108 (47.9%) of whom utilized commercial insurance, 19,743 (21.4%) utilized Medicaid, and 28,308 (30.7%) utilized Medicare. In-hospital mortality was lowest for commercially insured (5.0%) versus 7.6% and 8.5% for Medicaid and Medicare @entity1 , respectively (p   <   0.0001). Medicaid @entity1 had a longer hospitalization than commercially insured (12 days versus 6 days; p   <   0.0001). Medicaid @entity1 were 1.29 and 1.78 times more likely to die and experience complications than the commercially insured. Females had a lower mortality risk (odds ratio [OR]: 0.80, p   <   0.0001) and less complications (OR: 0.67; p   <   0.0001) than males. Higher comorbidities increased mortality risk (OR: 2.71; p   <   0.0001) and complications (OR: 2.96, p   <   0.0001). @entity130 @entity1 had lower mortality (OR: 0.01; p   <   0.0001) and less complications (OR: 0.07; p   <   0.0001). Medicare (OR: 1.33; p   <   0.0001) and higher comorbidity (OR: 1.26; p   <   0.0001) @entity1 utilized outpatient rehabilitation services more frequently. Medicare @entity1 had twice the emergency department visits as the commercially insured (p   <   0.0001). Medicare (16.6%) @entity1 utilized more rehabilitation than commercially insured (13.4%) and Medicaid (9.1%) @entity1 . Racial disparities were analyzed in a subset of 12,847 white and 4,780 African American (AA) @entity1 . Multivariate analysis showed that AAs were more likely to experience a complication than white @entity1 (OR: 1.13; p   =   0.0024) and less likely to utilize outpatient rehabilitation services (OR: 0.83; p   =   0.0025) than whites. Conclusions   Insurance and racial disparities continue to exist for @entity131 @entity1 . Insurance status appears to have an impact on short- and long-term outcomes to a greater degree than @entity1 race.

title: Effect of Insurance and Racial Disparities on Outcomes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Mild injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Brain Injury']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Cetuximab and panitumumab are monoclonal antibodies that target the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) in the treatment of metastatic @entity14 . Most @entity1 develop a @entity1910 , which may predict @entity5 response. We studied whether the other adverse cutaneous effects associated with these monoclonal antibodies are also clinical predictors of response. We also reviewed publications describing approaches to treating the @entity1910 since no evidence-based guidelines have yet been published. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 116 @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 receiving anti-EGRF therapy with cetuximab or panitumumab at Hospital Universitario Donostia. RESULTS: In total, 81.9% of the @entity1 developed a @entity1910 . @entity1 who received the most cycles of treatment with the @entity470 inhibitor were at the highest risk of developing the @entity1910 , and these @entity1 also had the most severe @entity1910 reactions (P=.03). All of the @entity1 who exhibited a complete @entity5 response had the @entity1910 , and the incidence of @entity1910 was lower in @entity1 with poor @entity5 response (P=.03). We also observed an association between @entity5 response and xerosis (53.4% of the @entity1 who developed xerosis also exhibited @entity5 response, P=.002). The @entity1910 was managed according to an algorithm developed by our department. CONCLUSIONS: Severe @entity1910 and xerosis may be clinical predictors of good response to anti- @entity470 therapy. @entity1 who develop a @entity1910 should be treated promptly because suboptimal treatment of this and other adverse effects can lead to delays in taking the prescribed anti- @entity470 dose or to interruption of therapy.

title: Predictors of XXXX Response to Cetuximab and Panitumumab in 116 @entity1 and a Review of Approaches to Managing Skin Toxicity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['papulopustular rash', 'rash']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Cetuximab and panitumumab are monoclonal antibodies that target the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) in the treatment of metastatic @entity14 . Most @entity1 develop a @entity1910 , which may predict @entity5 response. We studied whether the other adverse cutaneous effects associated with these monoclonal antibodies are also clinical predictors of response. We also reviewed publications describing approaches to treating the @entity1910 since no evidence-based guidelines have yet been published. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 116 @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 receiving anti-EGRF therapy with cetuximab or panitumumab at Hospital Universitario Donostia. RESULTS: In total, 81.9% of the @entity1 developed a @entity1910 . @entity1 who received the most cycles of treatment with the @entity470 inhibitor were at the highest risk of developing the @entity1910 , and these @entity1 also had the most severe @entity1910 reactions (P=.03). All of the @entity1 who exhibited a complete @entity5 response had the @entity1910 , and the incidence of @entity1910 was lower in @entity1 with poor @entity5 response (P=.03). We also observed an association between @entity5 response and xerosis (53.4% of the @entity1 who developed xerosis also exhibited @entity5 response, P=.002). The @entity1910 was managed according to an algorithm developed by our department. CONCLUSIONS: Severe @entity1910 and xerosis may be clinical predictors of good response to anti- @entity470 therapy. @entity1 who develop a @entity1910 should be treated promptly because suboptimal treatment of this and other adverse effects can lead to delays in taking the prescribed anti- @entity470 dose or to interruption of therapy.

title: Predictors of @entity5 Response to Cetuximab and Panitumumab in 116 XXXX and a Review of Approaches to Managing Skin Toxicity.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OPINION STATEMENT: @entity43 ( @entity43 ) is the fourth most common @entity5 in Europe and is the leading cause of @entity204 among @entity1 with @entity5 . This is due to the fact that the majority of the @entity1 are diagnosed with advanced stage disease. In these stages, extensive intraperitoneal metastases are often present, making therapy more difficult. The current standard treatment involves primary or interval cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy. However, many @entity1 develop intraperitoneal (IP) recurrences despite complete surgery and chemotherapy. Therefore, alternative ways to deliver chemotherapy have been examined. Administration of the chemotherapy directly into the peritoneal @entity6675 allows high doses of the cytotoxic agent at the site of the @entity5 , while minimizing the occurrence of systemic side effects. Theoretically, IP administration is most beneficial when only microscopic disease is present since penetration of the drug is limited to a few millimeters. IP chemotherapy can be administered during surgery under hyperthermic conditions (HIPEC) or during regular chemotherapy courses through a catheter placed into the abdominal @entity6675 . IP administration results in an improved survival, although catheter-related morbidity is reported. @entity221 potentiates the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy and may therefore have an additional positive effect on prognosis. Although recent observational studies show encouraging results with respect to effect on survival and rate of complications, it remains a challenge to identify those @entity1 who would benefit most from adding HIPEC to the standard treatment. In this respect, age and timing of HIPEC during treatment might be important factors, although no convincing evidence is available yet. Currently, a total of 18 clinical trials are open and to answer the above-mentioned questions, it is adamant to complete these trials, especially the randomized phase III trials. Accrual is hampered by the fact that HIPEC is currently offered as standard treatment in some centers even though convincing evidence is not yet available. If these phase III trials show positive results in favor of HIPEC, subsequent trials comparing surgery and postoperative IP chemotherapy with surgery and HIPEC seem a logical next step.

title: The role of hyperthermic intraperitoneal intraoperative chemotherapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['EOC', 'Epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['gynecologic cancer', 'cancer', 'gynecologic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperthermia']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To detect the activity of autophagy and explore the impact on survival and proliferation of HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of @entity4406    @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. METHODS: Flow cytometry, AO staining and Western blot methods were used to detect the autophagy activity and the expression of @entity21684 -    protein of @entity4016 @entity4017 + HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of 12 newly diagnosed @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 @entity4406 @entity1 were treated with @entity3446 or @entity8836 to induce and inhibit autophagy, respectively. CellTiter Glo(R) method was used to detect the proliferation activity of cells. RESULTS: There was higher level of mean @entity21684 -    fluorescence intensity in HEL cells (159 389  29 001) than that in K562 cells (96 047  24 134) (P=0.044). The formation of autophagosome in HEL cells is more than that in K562 cells detected by microscope. What's more, the level of mean @entity21684 -    fluorescence intensity in 12 @entity4406 @entity1 ' myeloid cells (92 842  4 250) was higher than that of 15 healthy volunteers (86 633  2 504) (P=0.001). The expression of @entity21684 -    protein was higher in @entity4406 @entity1 ' peripheral blood cells than that in healthy volunteers detected by Western blot. After treated with @entity3446 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy in HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 @entity4406 @entity1 were increased and the proliferation activity was higher than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (101 413  3 720), (18 744  1 015), respectively. However, after treated with @entity8836 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy was decreased and the proliferation activity was lower than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (5 732  166), (5 371  56), respectively. CONCLUSION: There is high basical activity of autophagy in @entity4016 @entity4017 + HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. Up-regulated autophagy promotes proliferation of @entity4016 @entity4017    HEL cells and bone marrow cells of @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. Decreased autophagy inhibits proliferation of @entity4016 @entity4017 + HEL cells and bone marrow cells of @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation.

title: [The impact of autophagy on proliferation of HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of polycythemia vera @entity1 with XXXX @entity4017 mutation].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity4406 :: ('MESH:D011087', 'Disease') :: ['polycythemia vera    PV', 'PV']

answer: @entity4016 :: (3717,Gene) :: ['JAK2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To detect the activity of autophagy and explore the impact on survival and proliferation of HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of @entity4406    @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. METHODS: Flow cytometry, AO staining and Western blot methods were used to detect the autophagy activity and the expression of @entity21684 -    protein of @entity4016 @entity4017 + HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of 12 newly diagnosed @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 @entity4406 @entity1 were treated with @entity3446 or @entity8836 to induce and inhibit autophagy, respectively. CellTiter Glo(R) method was used to detect the proliferation activity of cells. RESULTS: There was higher level of mean @entity21684 -    fluorescence intensity in HEL cells (159 389  29 001) than that in K562 cells (96 047  24 134) (P=0.044). The formation of autophagosome in HEL cells is more than that in K562 cells detected by microscope. What's more, the level of mean @entity21684 -    fluorescence intensity in 12 @entity4406 @entity1 ' myeloid cells (92 842  4 250) was higher than that of 15 healthy volunteers (86 633  2 504) (P=0.001). The expression of @entity21684 -    protein was higher in @entity4406 @entity1 ' peripheral blood cells than that in healthy volunteers detected by Western blot. After treated with @entity3446 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy in HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 @entity4406 @entity1 were increased and the proliferation activity was higher than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (101 413  3 720), (18 744  1 015), respectively. However, after treated with @entity8836 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy was decreased and the proliferation activity was lower than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (5 732  166), (5 371  56), respectively. CONCLUSION: There is high basical activity of autophagy in @entity4016 @entity4017 + HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. Up-regulated autophagy promotes proliferation of @entity4016 @entity4017    HEL cells and bone marrow cells of @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. Decreased autophagy inhibits proliferation of @entity4016 @entity4017 + HEL cells and bone marrow cells of @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation.

title: [The impact of autophagy on proliferation of HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of polycythemia vera @entity1 with @entity4016 XXXX mutation].

answer: @entity4017 :: (p|SUB|V|617|F,ProteinMutation) :: ['V617F']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To detect the activity of autophagy and explore the impact on survival and proliferation of HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of @entity4406    @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. METHODS: Flow cytometry, AO staining and Western blot methods were used to detect the autophagy activity and the expression of @entity21684 -    protein of @entity4016 @entity4017 + HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of 12 newly diagnosed @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 @entity4406 @entity1 were treated with @entity3446 or @entity8836 to induce and inhibit autophagy, respectively. CellTiter Glo(R) method was used to detect the proliferation activity of cells. RESULTS: There was higher level of mean @entity21684 -    fluorescence intensity in HEL cells (159 389  29 001) than that in K562 cells (96 047  24 134) (P=0.044). The formation of autophagosome in HEL cells is more than that in K562 cells detected by microscope. What's more, the level of mean @entity21684 -    fluorescence intensity in 12 @entity4406 @entity1 ' myeloid cells (92 842  4 250) was higher than that of 15 healthy volunteers (86 633  2 504) (P=0.001). The expression of @entity21684 -    protein was higher in @entity4406 @entity1 ' peripheral blood cells than that in healthy volunteers detected by Western blot. After treated with @entity3446 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy in HEL cells and bone marrow cells of 3 @entity4406 @entity1 were increased and the proliferation activity was higher than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (101 413  3 720), (18 744  1 015), respectively. However, after treated with @entity8836 12, 24, 48 h, the activity of autophagy was decreased and the proliferation activity was lower than the control group, the proliferation activity at 48 h were (5 732  166), (5 371  56), respectively. CONCLUSION: There is high basical activity of autophagy in @entity4016 @entity4017 + HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. Up-regulated autophagy promotes proliferation of @entity4016 @entity4017    HEL cells and bone marrow cells of @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation. Decreased autophagy inhibits proliferation of @entity4016 @entity4017 + HEL cells and bone marrow cells of @entity4406 @entity1 with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation.

title: [The impact of autophagy on proliferation of HEL cells and hematopoietic cells of polycythemia vera XXXX with @entity4016 @entity4017 mutation].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured in 254 areas of a hemisphere with the intraarterial 133-xenon method in seven @entity1 before and during classical @entity2704 attacks. During prodromes/accompaniments focal flow was markedly reduced (mean 36 p. cent. range 22-60 p. cents). Initial focal @entity450 was observed in three @entity1 , loss of functional focal activation in six @entity1 and @entity10 during oligemia in four @entity1 . The oligemia was observed in all seven @entity1 . It started at the posterior pole of the brain and gradually spread anteriorly in the course of 15-45 minutes. The findings indicate that a simple vasospastic model of the classical @entity2704 attack is not likely. In six @entity1 with common @entity2704 , attacks were induced with red wine. On eight occasions rCBF was measured before and after provocation, and just before and during induction of @entity2704 attacks. In three @entity1 stationary detection and @entity4185 was used. In one @entity1 intra-arterial xenon and in four @entity1 @entity4185 and 133-xenon tomography measuring from about 700 regions of the brain. Measurements were taken about 15 minutes apart. In no @entity1 was oligemia observed at any time. The results suggest that the pathogenesis of common @entity2704 is different from that of classical @entity2704 .

title: Is ischemia involved in the pathogenesis of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity4185 :: ('MESH:D058545', 'Disease') :: ['xenon-inhalation']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migraine']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in the @entity92 ( @entity92 ) and effective depth of treatment based on exerted force by applicator on the skin during treatments of @entity1489 with Xoft Electronic Brachytherapy. METHODS: To simulate compressible tissue, 5mm tissue-equivalent bolus was used. An ion chamber (Soft X-ray Chamber, PTW) and electrometer (Max 4000, Standard Imaging) were used for output measurements. Measurements were done for all available Xoft surface applicators (10, 20, 35, and 50mm cones) with plastic endcap. Fig1 shows the experimental setup. The @entity92 was measured first with no or minimal pressure of the applicator on the bolus, followed by increasing uniform pressure on the applicator applied with custom cerrobend weights. The measurements were used to calculate the effective @entity92 and effective depth. RESULTS: Force applied with the applicator was plotted against the change in @entity92 relative to the @entity92 when no force is applied. For the 10mm cone, moderate force of 5N can change the @entity92 by more than 20%, (Fig2). The effect is also pronounced for the 20mm cone, while it is minimal for the 35 and 50mm cones. Even when only moderate force is applied, the effective prescription depth can be changed by a several millimeters, which is on the order of the typical prescription depth (Fig3). CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this simulation, excessive pressure applied on the @entity1 's skin by the applicator cone can drastically alter the @entity92 and effective treatment depth. The effect is most pronounced for the 10mm cone, and to a lesser extent, 20mm, which is significant as these cones tend to be used most frequently in the clinic. Applicator placement therefore may Result in significant consequences such as excessive dose to target, severe skin reaction, permanent discoloration, skin indentation, and poor overall cosmesis upon completion of treatment.

title: SU-E-T-387: Evaluation of Effective Treatment Depth in XXXX Treatments with Xoft Electronic Brachytherapy.

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['percent depth dose', 'PDD']

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['Skin Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We examined obstetric and fetal/neonatal outcomes in @entity1 with a history of recurrent @entity2208 . METHODS: We reviewed the obstetric records of all 5,829 nulliparous pregnant @entity1 who delivered at #8805;14 weeks' gestation from 2008 through 2013 at our perinatal center. Of these @entity1 , 74 had a history of recurrent @entity2208 (1.3%). The control population consisted of 4,176 nulliparous @entity1 without a history of @entity2208 . Demographic information and characteristics of labor were extracted from @entity1 charts. RESULTS: The rate of maternal age #8805;40 years (p<0.01) and the rate of in vitro fertilization use (p<0.01) were higher in @entity1 with recurrent @entity2208 than in @entity1 without @entity2208 . Eleven @entity1 with recurrent @entity2208 (14.9%) were treated with low-dose aspirin with and without subcutaneous heparin. In addition, the rate of cesarean delivery was higher in @entity1 with recurrent @entity2208 than in @entity1 without @entity2208 (p=0.02). However, fetal/neonatal outcomes did not differ significantly between the populations. CONCLUSION: The pregnancy of @entity1 with a history of recurrent @entity2208 is not associated with adverse outcomes at our perinatal center.

title: Clinical characteristics of pregnancies with a history of recurrent XXXX at a Japanese perinatal center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['miscarriage']

answer: @entity2208 :: (MESH:D000022,Disease) :: ['miscarriage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1170 ( @entity1170 ) involves a rapidly acting sedative plus a neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) to facilitate endotracheal intubation. @entity2898 and @entity2900 are NMBAs commonly used in @entity1170 with drastically different durations of action. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate whether @entity1 receiving @entity1170 with a longer-acting NMBA had a greater delay in sedation or @entity1337 than @entity1 that received a short-acting NMBA. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of @entity1 presenting to the emergency department requiring endotracheal intubation. Exclusions included age < 18 years, pregnancy, prior intubation, and contraindication to sedation and @entity1337 . Primary endpoint was time to continuous sedation or @entity1337 after @entity1170 in @entity1 receiving @entity2898 or @entity2900 . Secondary endpoints included hospital length of stay (HLOS), intensive care unit length of stay (ICU LOS), and impact of an emergency medicine pharmacist (EPh). RESULTS: A total 106 @entity1 met inclusion criteria, 76 @entity1 receiving @entity2898 and 30 receiving @entity2900 . Mean time to sedation or @entity1337 was longer in the @entity2898 group when compared to the @entity2900 group at 34    36 min vs. 16    21 min (p = 0.002). In the presence of an EPh, the mean time to sedation or @entity1337 was 20    21 min, vs. 49    45 min (p < 0.001). Time spent on ventilator, HLOS, and ICU LOS were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 receiving @entity2898 in @entity1170 had a significantly longer time to sedation or @entity1337 when compared to @entity1 receiving @entity2900 . The presence of an EPh significantly decreased the time to administration of sedation or @entity1337 after @entity1170 .

title: Impact of XXXX and @entity2900 on Sedation Initiation After Rapid Sequence Intubation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1170 :: ('MESH:C564983', 'Disease') :: ['Rapid sequence intubation', 'RSI']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity2898 :: ('MESH:C061870', 'Chemical') :: ['rocuronium', 'Rocuronium']

entities_list: @entity2900 :: ('MESH:D013390', 'Chemical') :: ['succinylcholine']

answer: @entity2898 :: (MESH:C061870,Chemical) :: ['Rocuronium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1170 ( @entity1170 ) involves a rapidly acting sedative plus a neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) to facilitate endotracheal intubation. @entity2898 and @entity2900 are NMBAs commonly used in @entity1170 with drastically different durations of action. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate whether @entity1 receiving @entity1170 with a longer-acting NMBA had a greater delay in sedation or @entity1337 than @entity1 that received a short-acting NMBA. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of @entity1 presenting to the emergency department requiring endotracheal intubation. Exclusions included age < 18 years, pregnancy, prior intubation, and contraindication to sedation and @entity1337 . Primary endpoint was time to continuous sedation or @entity1337 after @entity1170 in @entity1 receiving @entity2898 or @entity2900 . Secondary endpoints included hospital length of stay (HLOS), intensive care unit length of stay (ICU LOS), and impact of an emergency medicine pharmacist (EPh). RESULTS: A total 106 @entity1 met inclusion criteria, 76 @entity1 receiving @entity2898 and 30 receiving @entity2900 . Mean time to sedation or @entity1337 was longer in the @entity2898 group when compared to the @entity2900 group at 34    36 min vs. 16    21 min (p = 0.002). In the presence of an EPh, the mean time to sedation or @entity1337 was 20    21 min, vs. 49    45 min (p < 0.001). Time spent on ventilator, HLOS, and ICU LOS were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 receiving @entity2898 in @entity1170 had a significantly longer time to sedation or @entity1337 when compared to @entity1 receiving @entity2900 . The presence of an EPh significantly decreased the time to administration of sedation or @entity1337 after @entity1170 .

title: Impact of @entity2898 and XXXX on Sedation Initiation After Rapid Sequence Intubation.

answer: @entity2900 :: (MESH:D013390,Chemical) :: ['Succinylcholine']


abstract: Stimulation protocols for medical devices should be rationally designed. For episodic @entity2795 we outline model-based design strategies toward preventive and acute therapies using stereotactic cortical neuromodulation. To this end, we regard a localized @entity308 ( @entity308 ) wave segment as a central element in @entity2704 pathophysiology. To describe nucleation and propagation features of the @entity308 wave segment, we define the new concepts of cortical hot spots and labyrinths, respectively. In particular, we firstly focus exclusively on curvature-induced dynamical properties by studying a generic reaction-diffusion model of @entity308 on the folded cortical surface. This surface is described with increasing level of details, including finally personalized simulations using @entity1 's magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner readings. At this stage, the only relevant factor that can modulate nucleation and propagation paths is the Gaussian curvature, which has the advantage of being rather readily accessible by MRI. We conclude with discussing further anatomical factors, such as areal, laminar, and cellular heterogeneity, that in addition to and in relation to Gaussian curvature determine the generalized concept of cortical hot spots and labyrinths as target structures for neuromodulation. Our numerical simulations suggest that these target structures are like fingerprints, they are individual features of each @entity2704 sufferer. The goal in the future will be to provide individualized neural tissue simulations. These simulations should predict the clinical data and therefore can also serve as a test bed for exploring stereotactic cortical neuromodulation.

title: Cortical hot spots and labyrinths: why cortical neuromodulation for episodic XXXX should be personalized.

entities_list: @entity2795 :: ('MESH:D020325', 'Disease') :: ['migraine with aura']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'spreading depression']

answer: @entity2795 :: (MESH:D020325,Disease) :: ['migraine with aura']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Latinos experience disproportionately higher rates of uncontrolled @entity101 as compared to Blacks and Whites. While poor adherence is a major contributor to disparities in blood pressure control, data in Latino @entity1 are scant. More importantly, translation of interventions to improve medication adherence in community-based primary care practices, where the majority of Latino @entity1 receive their care is non-existent. METHODS: Using a randomized controlled design, this study evaluates the effectiveness of a culturally tailored, practice-based intervention compared to usual care on medication adherence, among 148 Latino @entity1 with uncontrolled @entity101 who are non-adherent to their antihypertensive medications. Bilingual medical assistants trained as Health Coaches deliver the intervention using an electronic medical record system-embedded adherence script. @entity1 randomized to the intervention group receive @entity1 -centered counseling with a Health Coach to develop individualized self-monitoring strategies to overcome barriers and improve adherence behaviors. Health Coach sessions are held biweekly for the first 3 months (6 sessions total) and then monthly for the remaining 3 months (3 sessions total). @entity1 randomized to the usual care group receive standard @entity101 treatment recommendations as determined by their primary care providers. The primary outcome is the rate of medication adherence at 6 months. The secondary outcome is @entity551 at 6 months. DISCUSSION: If successful, findings from this study will provide salient information on the translation of culturallytailored, evidence-based interventions targeted at medication adherence and blood pressure control into practice-based settings for this high-risk population. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01643473 on 16 July 2012.

title: A practice-based randomized controlled trial to improve medication adherence among Latinos with XXXX : study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an inflammatory condition associated with elevated serum IgG4 levels and tissue infiltration by IgG4-expressing plasma cells. We present a case of @entity2347 ( @entity2347 ) of the submandibular gland with possible involvement of IgG4-RD. PRESENTATION OF CASE: The @entity1 was a 59-year-old @entity1 presenting with a swollen right submandibular gland. Laboratory tests revealed IgG4 levels of 176mg/dl (reference range: 4.8-105). An initial open biopsy for histological diagnosis showed @entity7841 . The region was monitored on an outpatient basis, and finally the right submandibular was totally resected because @entity5 could not be excluded. Histological examination of the submandibular gland showed an @entity2347 with lymphocytic infiltration containing many IgG4-positive plasma cells in the @entity5 stroma. DISCUSSION: We have described a case that indicated a possible involvement of @entity2347 with IgG4-RD. This allows us to speculate that longstanding IgG4-RD may progress to @entity5 or infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells through the signals of @entity5 stimuli. Further investigations are required to determine the potential pathogenic mechanism underlying this unique @entity5 . CONCLUSION: This case underscores that caution is needed in the diagnosis of masses with high serum IgG4 levels, as the differential diagnosis includes @entity5 .

title: A case of XXXX associated with IgG4-related disease.

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma', 'ACC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy', 'malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity7841 :: ('MESH:D012793', 'Disease') :: ['chronic sialadenitis']

answer: @entity2347 :: (MESH:D003528,Disease) :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background and study aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely used in the resection of @entity356 en bloc, however, complications such as @entity221 frequently occur following the procedure. The study aim was to elucidate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of post-ESD @entity221 . @entity1 and methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 471 consecutive @entity1 with 485 @entity1819 resected by ESD between December 2005 and 2010. Pyrexia was defined as body temperature above 37.5  C, regardless of its duration. Blood tests and chest radiography were performed three times before and after ESD. Chest and abdominal computed tomography (CT) was taken on postoperative day 1. Results: Post-ESD @entity221 developed in 117 @entity1 (24.8%), including 40 @entity1 with @entity55 as shown by computed tomography. The @entity221 was resolved in all the @entity1 after 1 day (median; range, 1-36 days). A multivariate analysis identified age (P=0.0029) and resection diameter (P=0.0009) as risk factors for @entity221 in @entity1 without @entity55 , and operation time (P=0.0025) as a risk factor for @entity221 in @entity1 with @entity55 . Conclusion: The @entity1 would be at risk for post-ESD @entity221 if a large ESD is performed in the elderly. The longer operation time would raise the risk for @entity55 -associated fever.

title: Risk factors for XXXX after endoscopic submucosal dissection of @entity1819 .

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric lesions']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric tumors']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['pyrexia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background and study aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely used in the resection of @entity356 en bloc, however, complications such as @entity221 frequently occur following the procedure. The study aim was to elucidate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of post-ESD @entity221 . @entity1 and methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 471 consecutive @entity1 with 485 @entity1819 resected by ESD between December 2005 and 2010. Pyrexia was defined as body temperature above 37.5  C, regardless of its duration. Blood tests and chest radiography were performed three times before and after ESD. Chest and abdominal computed tomography (CT) was taken on postoperative day 1. Results: Post-ESD @entity221 developed in 117 @entity1 (24.8%), including 40 @entity1 with @entity55 as shown by computed tomography. The @entity221 was resolved in all the @entity1 after 1 day (median; range, 1-36 days). A multivariate analysis identified age (P=0.0029) and resection diameter (P=0.0009) as risk factors for @entity221 in @entity1 without @entity55 , and operation time (P=0.0025) as a risk factor for @entity221 in @entity1 with @entity55 . Conclusion: The @entity1 would be at risk for post-ESD @entity221 if a large ESD is performed in the elderly. The longer operation time would raise the risk for @entity55 -associated fever.

title: Risk factors for @entity221 after endoscopic submucosal dissection of XXXX .

answer: @entity1819 :: (MESH:D013272,Disease) :: ['gastric lesions']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: @entity922 ( @entity922 ) and meta-analyses of @entity13366 ( @entity13366 ) for the treatment of @entity56 ( @entity56 ) have shown a modest clinical benefit compared with placebo. Furthermore, indirect comparison by meta-analyses showed that subcutaneous immunotherapy is more effective than @entity13366 . Despite these data, @entity13366 has become the most prescribed treatment of @entity56 in Europe in recent years, and it was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of @entity56 to grass pollen in the United States on April 1, 2014. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of the grass pollen sublingual tablets licensed as drugs in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity56 to grass pollen. DATA SOURCES: Computerized bibliographic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov (from inception to April 30, 2014) were supplemented with a manual search of reference lists. STUDY SELECTION: @entity922 were included if they compared the grass pollen @entity13366 tablets approved by regulatory authorities in the European Union and the United States for @entity56 with placebo. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Data on populations, interventions, and outcomes were extracted from each RCT according to the intent-to-treat method by 2 independent observers and were combined using the method by DerSimonian and Laird. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary end point was the difference in the symptom score and medication score between @entity13366 and placebo. We pooled data using random-effects meta-analysis, with standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% CIs reported. RESULTS: Data were available in 13 @entity922 for the symptom score (4659 @entity1 ) and in 12 @entity922 for the medication score (4558 @entity1 ). We found a small treatment benefit in the symptom score ( @entity7126 , -0.28; 95% CI, -0.37 to -0.19; P   <   .001) and in the medication score ( @entity7126 , -0.24; 95% CI, -0.31 to -0.17; P   <   .001). Adverse events were reported in 1384 of 2259 @entity1 (61.3%) receiving @entity13366 and in 477 of 2279 @entity1 (20.9%) receiving placebo. Seven @entity1 in the @entity13366 group reported treatment-related adverse events requiring @entity1425 . CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Findings show a small benefit of the grass pollen sublingual tablets in reducing symptoms and in decreasing the use of symptomatic medication (antihistamines and @entity288 ) in @entity1 with @entity56 . Considering the low magnitude of the benefit, the convenience and easy administration do not seem to be sufficient reasons for the choice of @entity13366 .

title: Efficacy of Grass Pollen Allergen Sublingual Immunotherapy Tablets for XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity13366 :: ('MESH:D013362', 'Disease') :: ['SLIT', 'sublingual immunotherapy']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis', 'SARC']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['RCTs', 'Randomized clinical trials']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['Seasonal Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aims: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) increases the risk of @entity734 ( @entity734 ). While motor functions worsen continuously, the assignment of @entity1 to @entity734 occurs categorically. It is unknown how many @entity1 are already sufficiently severely impaired to be categorised as @entity734 yet do not have an officially acknowledged level of @entity734 . Methods: A random sample of 1   449 @entity191 outpatients was clinically characterised by office-based neurologists, including impairments of activities of daily living (ADL with the Unified @entity191 Rating scale (UPDRS subscale II) as well as regarding the presence of @entity303 according to DSM-IV criteria and the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE). @entity308 was screened for with the Montgomery-Asberg @entity308 Rating Scale (MADRS). For each @entity1 the officially acknowledged level of @entity734 was documented; for @entity1 without official @entity734 level, the clinician appraised whether the @entity1 was care-dependent anyhow. Results: 266 @entity1 (18.3%) were officially acknowledged as care-dependent, while n=121 @entity1 (8.5%) were not, yet were appraised to be care-dependent according to the clinician. Compared to non- @entity734 @entity1 , they differed on every measure considered. Compared to @entity1 with an official @entity734 , their @entity191 duration was significantly shorter (6.0 vs. 8.0 years, p<0.01) and they were less severely impaired in ADL (13.3 vs. 15.5, p<0.01). They did not differ regarding the rates of @entity303 (52.9 vs. 44.9%, p=0.203) or @entity308 according to the MADRS (13.1 vs. 13.1, p=0.989). Conclusions: ADL impairments are the most important predictor for @entity734 while @entity303 and @entity308 are not considered despite the impairments that are additionally caused by them.

title: [Care-Dependency in XXXX : More Frequent than Assumed?]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's Disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['care-dependency', 'CDP']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical and neuroimaging data in @entity1 with @entity4048 and @entity10 as the only manifestation of the internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection ( @entity15975 ) and vertebral artery (VA) dissection (VAD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty-one @entity1 (mean age - 37,4  4,99 years, 84 @entity1 , 52%) with @entity4066 ( @entity4066 ) verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were enrolled. @entity4048 and @entity10 were the only @entity4066 manifestation in 33 @entity1 (mean age 37,3  7,4 yars, 28 @entity1 , 85%). RESULTS: The localization of the dissections in these @entity1 was the following: one VA (15 @entity1 ), two VA (9), one ICA (7), two ICA (1), one ICA + two VA (1). The whole number of dissected arteries was 45: extracranial localization - 38, extra- intracranial - 6, intracranial - 1. Dissection led to stenosis of the arterial lumen in 41 arteries, to @entity432 - in 2 and to dual lumen in 2 arteries. Small aneurism was found in 4 arteries. Combination of @entity4048 was observed in 26 out of 33 @entity1 (79%), the only @entity10 in 4 @entity1 , the only @entity4048 in 3 @entity1 . Along with this, 9 out of 24 VAD @entity1 had the shoulder and/or arm @entity158 . @entity10 in VAD @entity1 was located more often in the occipital region (18 out of 24) that had never been observed in @entity15975 @entity1 (p=0.0009). Fronto-temporal @entity158 was observed more often in @entity15975 @entity1 (5 out of 8 @entity1 ) than in VAD (2 out of 24 @entity1 ) (p=0.003). @entity4048 in all VAD @entity1 in comparison with 3 out of 8 @entity15975 @entity1 had posterior localization (  =0,007). @entity4048 was observed in 4 out of 8 @entity15975 @entity1 and in no @entity1 with VAD (  =0.0009). The @entity158 appearance was abrupt in all @entity15975 @entity1 and most of the VAD @entity1 . In 8 VAD @entity1 the @entity158 has been increasing during several hours. The @entity158 intensity was severe in 19 @entity1 , moderate in 12 and mild in 2. The characteristics of the @entity158 were as following: constrictive/dull (26 @entity1 ), throbbing (1 @entity1 ) or combined (6 @entity1 ). @entity158 was increasing in a stepwise manner during the first days in 14 out of 24 VAD @entity1 and in no one of @entity15975 @entity1 (  =0.008). The @entity158 duration period was 31,8   15,7 days. @entity158 relief drugs were ineffective or had a short effect in 97% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity158 is more characteristic for @entity1 with VAD. @entity158 is presented as a combination of @entity10 and @entity4048 . @entity158 localization, mode of appearance and the course are different in VAD and @entity15975 . The rarity of @entity432 among @entity1 with " @entity158 -only" manifestation let to suggest that the intramural @entity1410 in this group of @entity1 spreads to the adventitia that can reflect media weakness. Arterial wall changes underlying its weakness seem to be sex-hormone dependent taking into consideration the high predominance of @entity1 in @entity4066 manifested by @entity158 .

title: [ @entity4048 and XXXX as the only manifestation of @entity4066 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['neck pain', 'Anterolateral neck pain', 'headache and the neck pain', 'Neck pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['isolated pain', 'Pain', 'pain', 'mean pain', 'Usually pain', 'Isolated pain']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'Headache']

entities_list: @entity4066 :: ('MESH:D020217', 'Disease') :: ['cervical artery dissection', 'CAD']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headache']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical and neuroimaging data in @entity1 with @entity4048 and @entity10 as the only manifestation of the internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection ( @entity15975 ) and vertebral artery (VA) dissection (VAD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty-one @entity1 (mean age - 37,4  4,99 years, 84 @entity1 , 52%) with @entity4066 ( @entity4066 ) verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were enrolled. @entity4048 and @entity10 were the only @entity4066 manifestation in 33 @entity1 (mean age 37,3  7,4 yars, 28 @entity1 , 85%). RESULTS: The localization of the dissections in these @entity1 was the following: one VA (15 @entity1 ), two VA (9), one ICA (7), two ICA (1), one ICA + two VA (1). The whole number of dissected arteries was 45: extracranial localization - 38, extra- intracranial - 6, intracranial - 1. Dissection led to stenosis of the arterial lumen in 41 arteries, to @entity432 - in 2 and to dual lumen in 2 arteries. Small aneurism was found in 4 arteries. Combination of @entity4048 was observed in 26 out of 33 @entity1 (79%), the only @entity10 in 4 @entity1 , the only @entity4048 in 3 @entity1 . Along with this, 9 out of 24 VAD @entity1 had the shoulder and/or arm @entity158 . @entity10 in VAD @entity1 was located more often in the occipital region (18 out of 24) that had never been observed in @entity15975 @entity1 (p=0.0009). Fronto-temporal @entity158 was observed more often in @entity15975 @entity1 (5 out of 8 @entity1 ) than in VAD (2 out of 24 @entity1 ) (p=0.003). @entity4048 in all VAD @entity1 in comparison with 3 out of 8 @entity15975 @entity1 had posterior localization (  =0,007). @entity4048 was observed in 4 out of 8 @entity15975 @entity1 and in no @entity1 with VAD (  =0.0009). The @entity158 appearance was abrupt in all @entity15975 @entity1 and most of the VAD @entity1 . In 8 VAD @entity1 the @entity158 has been increasing during several hours. The @entity158 intensity was severe in 19 @entity1 , moderate in 12 and mild in 2. The characteristics of the @entity158 were as following: constrictive/dull (26 @entity1 ), throbbing (1 @entity1 ) or combined (6 @entity1 ). @entity158 was increasing in a stepwise manner during the first days in 14 out of 24 VAD @entity1 and in no one of @entity15975 @entity1 (  =0.008). The @entity158 duration period was 31,8   15,7 days. @entity158 relief drugs were ineffective or had a short effect in 97% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity158 is more characteristic for @entity1 with VAD. @entity158 is presented as a combination of @entity10 and @entity4048 . @entity158 localization, mode of appearance and the course are different in VAD and @entity15975 . The rarity of @entity432 among @entity1 with " @entity158 -only" manifestation let to suggest that the intramural @entity1410 in this group of @entity1 spreads to the adventitia that can reflect media weakness. Arterial wall changes underlying its weakness seem to be sex-hormone dependent taking into consideration the high predominance of @entity1 in @entity4066 manifested by @entity158 .

title: [ XXXX and @entity10 as the only manifestation of @entity4066 ].

answer: @entity4048 :: (MESH:D019547,Disease) :: ['Neck pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical and neuroimaging data in @entity1 with @entity4048 and @entity10 as the only manifestation of the internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection ( @entity15975 ) and vertebral artery (VA) dissection (VAD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty-one @entity1 (mean age - 37,4  4,99 years, 84 @entity1 , 52%) with @entity4066 ( @entity4066 ) verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were enrolled. @entity4048 and @entity10 were the only @entity4066 manifestation in 33 @entity1 (mean age 37,3  7,4 yars, 28 @entity1 , 85%). RESULTS: The localization of the dissections in these @entity1 was the following: one VA (15 @entity1 ), two VA (9), one ICA (7), two ICA (1), one ICA + two VA (1). The whole number of dissected arteries was 45: extracranial localization - 38, extra- intracranial - 6, intracranial - 1. Dissection led to stenosis of the arterial lumen in 41 arteries, to @entity432 - in 2 and to dual lumen in 2 arteries. Small aneurism was found in 4 arteries. Combination of @entity4048 was observed in 26 out of 33 @entity1 (79%), the only @entity10 in 4 @entity1 , the only @entity4048 in 3 @entity1 . Along with this, 9 out of 24 VAD @entity1 had the shoulder and/or arm @entity158 . @entity10 in VAD @entity1 was located more often in the occipital region (18 out of 24) that had never been observed in @entity15975 @entity1 (p=0.0009). Fronto-temporal @entity158 was observed more often in @entity15975 @entity1 (5 out of 8 @entity1 ) than in VAD (2 out of 24 @entity1 ) (p=0.003). @entity4048 in all VAD @entity1 in comparison with 3 out of 8 @entity15975 @entity1 had posterior localization (  =0,007). @entity4048 was observed in 4 out of 8 @entity15975 @entity1 and in no @entity1 with VAD (  =0.0009). The @entity158 appearance was abrupt in all @entity15975 @entity1 and most of the VAD @entity1 . In 8 VAD @entity1 the @entity158 has been increasing during several hours. The @entity158 intensity was severe in 19 @entity1 , moderate in 12 and mild in 2. The characteristics of the @entity158 were as following: constrictive/dull (26 @entity1 ), throbbing (1 @entity1 ) or combined (6 @entity1 ). @entity158 was increasing in a stepwise manner during the first days in 14 out of 24 VAD @entity1 and in no one of @entity15975 @entity1 (  =0.008). The @entity158 duration period was 31,8   15,7 days. @entity158 relief drugs were ineffective or had a short effect in 97% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity158 is more characteristic for @entity1 with VAD. @entity158 is presented as a combination of @entity10 and @entity4048 . @entity158 localization, mode of appearance and the course are different in VAD and @entity15975 . The rarity of @entity432 among @entity1 with " @entity158 -only" manifestation let to suggest that the intramural @entity1410 in this group of @entity1 spreads to the adventitia that can reflect media weakness. Arterial wall changes underlying its weakness seem to be sex-hormone dependent taking into consideration the high predominance of @entity1 in @entity4066 manifested by @entity158 .

title: [ @entity4048 and @entity10 as the only manifestation of XXXX ].

answer: @entity4066 :: (MESH:D020217,Disease) :: ['cervical artery dissection']


abstract: The salutary effect of @entity2332 and tissue perfusion on extending the ischemic tolerance of the @entity235 latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap was demonstrated in this experimental study. A total of 175 flaps from 89 adult mongrel @entity235 were elevated with one-half the flaps perfused with iced Collins renal preservation solution. With the exception of control flaps kept at ambient temperature, the remaining flaps were stored at 4 degrees C for periods ranging from 24 to 192 hours followed by transplantation into the groins of recipient @entity235 , with @entity254 of the thoracodorsal artery and vein in an end-to-side manner to the femoral artery and vein, respectively. The study was divided into two distinct sections. The acute phase involved the transplantation of 77 flaps into random recipient @entity235 , and following a 3-hour period of systemic perfusion, the flaps were removed, weighed, and sectioned for later histologic study. Progressive increase in flap weight was observed up to 96 hours of @entity2332 with a sharp decline in weight at 120 hours of @entity2332 . The increase in flap weight in the nonperfused flaps was significantly greater than the previously perfused flaps. Histologically, at 120 hours of @entity2332 , @entity1504 was noted, suggestive of a no-reflow phenomenon. In the second, or extended-flap, study, 98 flaps were transplanted into the groins of the original donor animal and allowed to remain in situ for a 2-week period. The flaps were then carefully observed for viability, removed, and sectioned for histologic study. Hypothermic support of up to 96 hours extended viability in both perfused and nonperfused flaps, although beyond this hypothermic period viability was seen only in previously perfused flaps. The clinical implications of this study include hypothermic perfusion of a major-extremity amputation prior to replantation or the temporary storage of a free myocutaneous flap.

title: The effect of XXXX and tissue perfusion on extended myocutaneous flap viability.

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['loss of vascular integrity']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional cerebrospinal fluid diversion such as ventriculoperitoneal or ventriculoatrial shunting for the management of @entity1276 is one of the commonest neurosurgical procedures. However, in selected @entity1 , surgical options are limited when relative contraindications for these operations exist. A @entity1 who underwent ventriculosternal shunting, a novel procedure, is presented with durable and successful outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the feasibility, durability, and safety of ventriculosternal shunting for the management of @entity1276 . METHODS: A @entity1 with @entity454 and @entity712 with recurrent @entity1143 suffered from post-subarachnoid @entity548 communicating @entity1276 . Because of the need for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and the risk of introducing excessive cardiac preloading, conventional shunting was relatively contraindicated. Ventriculosternal shunting was performed by adopting the cancellous matrix of the sternum as the anatomic receptacle for intraosseous cerebrospinal fluid absorption. After placement of the ventricular catheter in the usual manner, the distal end was inserted into the sternum. RESULTS: There was demonstrable clinical and radiological improvement in @entity1276 by ventriculosternal shunting. Cerebrospinal fluid intraosseous absorption by this novel procedure translated into both physical and cognitive recovery. The procedure was tolerable, effective, and durable, with the @entity1 suffering no complications 3 years after the procedure. CONCLUSION: Ventriculosternal shunting for the management of @entity1276 is a feasible, safe, and durable surgical treatment option for selected @entity1 when conventional procedures are contraindicated. ABBREVIATION: VS, ventriculosternalThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License, where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially.

title: Ventriculosternal Shunting for the Management of XXXX : Case Report of A Novel Technique.

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal failure']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['Hydrocephalus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Systematic analyses of gender effects in @entity344 are currently lacking, partly because sex and gender have not been used as stratification criteria in major studies on the topic. It is, however, indisputable that @entity5 differ in risk factors, incidence and prognosis between the genders. This review summarises the most important findings on differences related to biological sex and sociocultural gender and discusses anatomic specifics with immediate significance for surgical interventions. Epidemiological differences in upper @entity344 are most prominent in regard to histological subtypes, directly affecting diagnostics, therapy, and prognosis. @entity1 have a better prognosis in many of these @entity5 subtypes. For @entity14 , sex hormones, specifically oestrogens, appear to play a distinct role in tumourigenesis. Histopathological analysis of the expression of @entity2931 receptor beta ( @entity1783 ) in the @entity5 tissue has attracted interest since it was shown that @entity1 with low @entity1783 expression have a better prognosis than @entity1 with comparable @entity1783 status. Data on the higher incidence of right-sided @entity694 and @entity5 in @entity1 could lead to improved screening programmes. @entity1 and @entity1 cite differing reasons for avoidance of screening colonoscopies, thus gender specific approaches could improve @entity694 prevention programmes. Data on differing bioavailability of @entity1487 between the genders are useful to minimise adverse effects of chemotherapy and should be accounted for in dosage. Further systematic analysis of gender effects on @entity5 is warranted and would be a substantial step towards personalised oncological surgery.

title: [Gender Aspects in XXXX and Their Prognosis in Regard to Multimodal Treatment Concepts].

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['non-polypoid neoplasms', 'gastrointestinal tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal malignancies']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma', 'colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Gastrointestinal Tumours']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity788 induced by @entity2298 ( @entity2298 ) has gained much attention. However, very limited numbers of studies have focused on the clinical significance of TG elevation in non- @entity2298 induced @entity788 , such as @entity656 ( @entity656 ). This study aimed to study the clinical significances of @entity412 (TG) elevation in @entity1 with @entity656 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 426 @entity656 cases in our research center. According to the highest TG level within 72  h of disease onset, the @entity1 were divided into a normal TG group and an elevated TG group. We analyzed the differences between the two groups of @entity1 in aspects such as general information, disease severity, @entity1605 (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II) and Ranson scores, inflammatory cytokines, complications and prognosis. RESULTS: Compared with the normal TG group, @entity1 in the elevated TG group showed a significantly higher body mass index and were significantly younger. TG elevation at the early stage of @entity656 was associated with higher risk of severe @entity788 and @entity881 , especially @entity1576 . For @entity1 with severe @entity788 , those with elevated TG levels were more likely to have a larger area of @entity39 , and higher incidence of @entity788 as well as higher mortality (17.78% versus 9.80%, P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity656 @entity1 , TG elevation might participate in the aggravation of @entity788 and the occurrence of @entity149 . Thus, the TG level may serve as an important indicator to determine the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity656 .

title: Clinical significance of serum XXXX elevation at early stage of @entity656 .

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['HTG', 'hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatitis', 'pancreatitis', 'pancreatic abscess']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['ABP', 'acute biliary pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['systemic or local complications']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['organ failures']

answer: @entity412 :: (CHEBI:17855,Chemical) :: ['triglyceride']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity788 induced by @entity2298 ( @entity2298 ) has gained much attention. However, very limited numbers of studies have focused on the clinical significance of TG elevation in non- @entity2298 induced @entity788 , such as @entity656 ( @entity656 ). This study aimed to study the clinical significances of @entity412 (TG) elevation in @entity1 with @entity656 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 426 @entity656 cases in our research center. According to the highest TG level within 72  h of disease onset, the @entity1 were divided into a normal TG group and an elevated TG group. We analyzed the differences between the two groups of @entity1 in aspects such as general information, disease severity, @entity1605 (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II) and Ranson scores, inflammatory cytokines, complications and prognosis. RESULTS: Compared with the normal TG group, @entity1 in the elevated TG group showed a significantly higher body mass index and were significantly younger. TG elevation at the early stage of @entity656 was associated with higher risk of severe @entity788 and @entity881 , especially @entity1576 . For @entity1 with severe @entity788 , those with elevated TG levels were more likely to have a larger area of @entity39 , and higher incidence of @entity788 as well as higher mortality (17.78% versus 9.80%, P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity656 @entity1 , TG elevation might participate in the aggravation of @entity788 and the occurrence of @entity149 . Thus, the TG level may serve as an important indicator to determine the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity656 .

title: Clinical significance of serum @entity412 elevation at early stage of XXXX .

answer: @entity656 :: (MESH:D019283,Disease) :: ['acute biliary pancreatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study tested the new @entity4987 severity criterion for @entity5550 ( @entity5550 ) based on frequency of @entity6426 in a clinical sample. This study also tested overvaluation of shape/weight as an alternative severity specifier. METHOD: @entity1 were 834 treatment-seeking adults diagnosed with @entity4987 @entity5550 using semi-structured diagnostic and @entity1277 interviews. @entity1 sub-grouped based on @entity4987 severity levels and on overvaluation of shape/weight were compared on demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: Based on @entity4987 severity definitions, 331 (39.7%) @entity1 were categorized as mild, 395 (47.5%) as moderate, 83 (10.0%) as severe, and 25 (3.0%) as extreme. Analyses comparing three (mild, moderate, and severe/extreme) severity groups revealed no significant differences in demographic variables or body mass index (BMI). Analyses revealed significantly higher @entity1277 psychopathology in the severe/extreme than moderate and mild groups and higher @entity308 in moderate and severe/extreme groups than the mild group; effect sizes were small. @entity1 characterized with overvaluation (N  =  449; 54%) versus without overvaluation (N  =  384; 46%) did not differ significantly in age, sex, BMI, or @entity6426 frequency, but had significantly greater @entity1277 psychopathology and @entity308 . The robustly greater @entity1277 psychopathology and @entity308 levels (medium-to-large effect sizes) in the overvaluation group was observed without attenuation of effect sizes after adjusting for ethnicity/race and @entity6426 severity/frequency. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide support for overvaluation of shape/weight as a severity specifier for @entity5550 as it provides stronger information about the severity of homogeneous groupings of @entity1 than the @entity4987 rating based on @entity6426 .

title: Evaluation of the @entity4987 severity indicator for XXXX in a clinical sample.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity6426 :: ('MESH:D002032', 'Disease') :: ['binge-eating']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating-disorder']

entities_list: @entity5550 :: ('MESH:D056912', 'Disease') :: ['BED', 'binge eating disorder']

answer: @entity5550 :: (MESH:D056912,Disease) :: ['binge eating disorder']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study tested the new @entity4987 severity criterion for @entity5550 ( @entity5550 ) based on frequency of @entity6426 in a clinical sample. This study also tested overvaluation of shape/weight as an alternative severity specifier. METHOD: @entity1 were 834 treatment-seeking adults diagnosed with @entity4987 @entity5550 using semi-structured diagnostic and @entity1277 interviews. @entity1 sub-grouped based on @entity4987 severity levels and on overvaluation of shape/weight were compared on demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: Based on @entity4987 severity definitions, 331 (39.7%) @entity1 were categorized as mild, 395 (47.5%) as moderate, 83 (10.0%) as severe, and 25 (3.0%) as extreme. Analyses comparing three (mild, moderate, and severe/extreme) severity groups revealed no significant differences in demographic variables or body mass index (BMI). Analyses revealed significantly higher @entity1277 psychopathology in the severe/extreme than moderate and mild groups and higher @entity308 in moderate and severe/extreme groups than the mild group; effect sizes were small. @entity1 characterized with overvaluation (N  =  449; 54%) versus without overvaluation (N  =  384; 46%) did not differ significantly in age, sex, BMI, or @entity6426 frequency, but had significantly greater @entity1277 psychopathology and @entity308 . The robustly greater @entity1277 psychopathology and @entity308 levels (medium-to-large effect sizes) in the overvaluation group was observed without attenuation of effect sizes after adjusting for ethnicity/race and @entity6426 severity/frequency. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide support for overvaluation of shape/weight as a severity specifier for @entity5550 as it provides stronger information about the severity of homogeneous groupings of @entity1 than the @entity4987 rating based on @entity6426 .

title: Evaluation of the XXXX severity indicator for @entity5550 in a clinical sample.

answer: @entity4987 :: (1398,Species) :: ['DSM-5']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous qualitative research has revealed that @entity1 with @entity239 use daytime napping as a coping strategy for managing symptoms against clinical advice. Yet there is no evidence to suggest whether daytime napping is beneficial or detrimental for @entity1 with @entity239 . The purpose of this study was to explore how @entity1 use daytime naps and to determine the links between daytime napping and symptom severity in @entity239 . METHODS: A community based sample of 1044 adults who had been diagnosed with @entity239 by a clinician completed an online questionnaire. Associations between napping behavior, sleep quality and @entity239 symptoms were explored using Spearman correlations, with possible predictors of napping behaviour entered into a logistic regression model. Differences between @entity1 who napped on a daily basis and those who napped less regularly, as well as nap duration were explored. RESULTS: Daytime napping was significantly associated with @entity158 , @entity308 , @entity148 , @entity25 . Sleep problems and fatigue explained the greatest amount of variance in napping behaviour, p   <   0.010. Those who engaged in daytime naps for >30  minutes had higher memory difficulties (t   =   -3.45) and levels of @entity308 (t   =   -2.50) than those who napped for shorter periods (<30mins) (p   <   0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Frequent use and longer duration of daytime napping was linked with greater symptom severity in @entity1 with @entity239 . Given the common use of daytime napping in @entity1 with @entity239 evidence based guidelines on the use of daytime napping in @entity1 with @entity1118 are urgently needed.

title: Daytime napping associated with increased symptom severity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia syndrome', 'fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['increased pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue, memory difficulties and sleep problems']

answer: @entity239 :: (MESH:D005356,Disease) :: ['fibromyalgia syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Data sourcesCochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline, Embase, US National Institutes of Health Trials Register and World Health Organisation (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform.Study selectionParallel randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of any type of slow-release @entity1388 device irrespective of publication status, language or blinding were considered. Split mouth studies were excluded.Data extraction and synthesisStandard Cochrane methods were followed with at least two reviewers independently undertaking all the key steps.ResultsOnly one trial which was considered to be at high risk of bias was included. The trial included 174 @entity1 with 132 available for two year examination. However statistical analysis was performed on only the 63 @entity1 (31 in intervention group, 32 in control group) who had retained the beads (retention rate was 47.7% at two years). Among these 63 @entity1 , caries increment was reported to be statistically significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (DMFT: mean difference -0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.23 to -0.21; DMFS: mean difference -1.52, 95% CI -2.68 to -0.36 (very low quality evidence)). Although this difference was clinically significant, it only holds true for those @entity1 who retained the @entity1388 beads; over 50% of the @entity1 did not retain the beads. Adverse effects were not reported.ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to determine the caries-inhibiting effect of slow-release @entity1388 glass beads. The body of evidence available is of very low quality and there is a potential overestimation of benefit to the average @entity1 . The applicability of the findings to the wider population is unclear; the study had included @entity1 from a deprived area that had low levels of @entity1388 in drinking water, and were considered at high risk of carries. In addition, the evidence was only obtained from @entity1 who still had the bead attached at two years (48% of all available @entity1 ); @entity1 who had lost their slow-release @entity1388 devices earlier might not have benefited as much from the devices.

title: Insufficient evidence that slow-release XXXX devices reduce caries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['fluoride']


abstract: PURPOSE: To measure the corneal temperature in @entity1 with @entity936 ( @entity936 ) and to correlate the values with subjective discomfort symptoms. METHODS: Twenty-four @entity1 with @entity936 (scored as DEWS severity grade 2 to 3) and 15 age-matched normal control subjects were enrolled. Subjective symptoms of discomfort were scored with an Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, and a 100-mm horizontal visual analog scale (VAS) technique was used to measure symptom intensity. Schirmer I test, tear film breakup time (TFBUT), and Oxford grade scoring were performed in all subjects. Dynamic infrared noncontact thermal imaging (Tomey TG 1000) was used to measure the central corneal temperature (CCT). After training, subjects were asked to maintain their eyes forcedly open and to signal the discomfort onset time (DOT). The temperature was measured at eye opening (T0) and every second during 10 seconds of sustained eye opening (T10). The first discomfort sensation onset time (DOT) was also recorded. Temperature values were correlated with the clinical tests, Ocular Surface Disease Index, VAS, and DOT, and data were statistically evaluated (significance P < 0.05). RESULTS: The corneal temperature immediately after eye opening was significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity936 than in controls, in correlation to the subject age, VAS, and TFBUT. A 3-phase cooling profile in @entity1 with @entity936 and a point of @entity393 ( @entity393 ) in both groups were identified. DOT occurred earlier in @entity1 with @entity936 than in controls (5.9 vs. 15.9 seconds) and was strongly correlated to the VAS, TFBUT, and CCT- @entity393 . CONCLUSIONS: Subjective sensation of discomfort occurred earlier in @entity1 with @entity936 than in controls, in correlation to low corneal temperatures and enhanced tear evaporation.

title: Subjective Discomfort Symptoms Are Related to Low Corneal Temperature in XXXX With Evaporative Dry Eye.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['HD', 'highest decrease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The emergence and spread of drug resistant Salmonellae of both @entity1 and animal origins are global concerns and worrisome in countries where the risk of @entity281 is high and treatment options are limited. The objective of this study was to estimate the proportions of animal isolates resistant to antimicrobials used against @entity1 @entity5746 in Ethiopia. METHODS: Published studies on the antimicrobial resistance features of Salmonellae isolated from food animals of Ethiopia were searched in Medline, Google Scholar and the lists of references of articles. Eligible studies were selected by using inclusion and exclusion criteria and data were extracted. The extracted data included the host species, the numbers of isolates and the numbers of ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin resistant isolates. The risks of bias were assessed and the percentages of the variations of the estimates attributable to heterogeneities were quantified. Pooled proportions were estimated by the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model. RESULTS: Five hundred and fifty four Salmonellae isolated from @entity291 , @entity20770 , @entity742 , @entity1237 and @entity1707 were tested with a variety of antimicrobials. The percentages of the variations attributable to heterogeneities were low for chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone (I(2) = 0) and high for ampicillin, co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin resistance estimates (I(2) > 75%). The pooled estimate of ampicillin resistant isolates was higher in slaughtered ruminants (17.28%) than in @entity1707 (3.95%), (p < 0.001). The pooled estimates of co-trimoxazole resistant isolates in true ruminants (4.35%) and @entity1707 (1.12%) were not significantly different (p > 0.05). The overall pooled estimates of chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone resistant isolates were 2.24% and 1.25%, respectively. Seven serotypes have been reported to be resistant to antimicrobials uncommonly used in veterinary clinical practice in Ethiopia. CONCLUSIONS: Among Salmonellae of farm animals, there exist strains that are resistant to drugs used in the therapeutic management of @entity1 @entity5746 in Ethiopia. Intervention measures should be taken to ensure the prudent use of antimicrobials and curb the spread of high risk strains across the country.

title: A meta-analysis of the proportion of animal Salmonella isolates resistant to drugs used against @entity1 XXXX in Ethiopia.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['salmonellosis']

answer: @entity5746 :: (MESH:D012480,Disease) :: ['salmonellosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The emergence and spread of drug resistant Salmonellae of both @entity1 and animal origins are global concerns and worrisome in countries where the risk of @entity281 is high and treatment options are limited. The objective of this study was to estimate the proportions of animal isolates resistant to antimicrobials used against @entity1 @entity5746 in Ethiopia. METHODS: Published studies on the antimicrobial resistance features of Salmonellae isolated from food animals of Ethiopia were searched in Medline, Google Scholar and the lists of references of articles. Eligible studies were selected by using inclusion and exclusion criteria and data were extracted. The extracted data included the host species, the numbers of isolates and the numbers of ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin resistant isolates. The risks of bias were assessed and the percentages of the variations of the estimates attributable to heterogeneities were quantified. Pooled proportions were estimated by the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model. RESULTS: Five hundred and fifty four Salmonellae isolated from @entity291 , @entity20770 , @entity742 , @entity1237 and @entity1707 were tested with a variety of antimicrobials. The percentages of the variations attributable to heterogeneities were low for chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone (I(2) = 0) and high for ampicillin, co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin resistance estimates (I(2) > 75%). The pooled estimate of ampicillin resistant isolates was higher in slaughtered ruminants (17.28%) than in @entity1707 (3.95%), (p < 0.001). The pooled estimates of co-trimoxazole resistant isolates in true ruminants (4.35%) and @entity1707 (1.12%) were not significantly different (p > 0.05). The overall pooled estimates of chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone resistant isolates were 2.24% and 1.25%, respectively. Seven serotypes have been reported to be resistant to antimicrobials uncommonly used in veterinary clinical practice in Ethiopia. CONCLUSIONS: Among Salmonellae of farm animals, there exist strains that are resistant to drugs used in the therapeutic management of @entity1 @entity5746 in Ethiopia. Intervention measures should be taken to ensure the prudent use of antimicrobials and curb the spread of high risk strains across the country.

title: A meta-analysis of the proportion of animal Salmonella isolates resistant to drugs used against XXXX @entity5746 in Ethiopia.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1252 is a complex @entity792 , most frequently affecting @entity1 of childbearing age. @entity1 with @entity1252 are at increased risk of pregnancy complications that are exacerbated by active disease. Despite this, their use of medications and hospital resources has not been extensively studied. METHODS: Retrospective analyses of the Truven Health MarketScan database (2006-2012) aimed to quantify drug and resource utilization in pregnant @entity1 with @entity1252 , as well as the incidence of pregnancy complications in these @entity1 . Records of @entity1 aged 12-54 were reviewed and both @entity1252 @entity1 and pregnancies identified. Pregnant @entity1 with @entity1252 were matched 1:5 with either pregnant @entity1 without @entity1252 , or non-pregnant @entity1 with @entity1252 . RESULTS: Pregnancies with @entity1252 were associated with increased complications when compared to pregnancies without @entity1252 . During pregnancy, the use of immunosuppressants decreased in pregnant @entity1 with @entity1252 , as did rheumatologist visits, while the number of @entity1 not treated with any immunosuppressant increased. Pregnant @entity1 with @entity1252 showed higher overall treatment costs than controls. However, compared to non-pregnant @entity1 with @entity1252 , medication costs actually dropped, possibly due to the withdrawal of medications from these @entity1 or @entity1 becoming pregnant while disease activity was low. CONCLUSIONS: The large database analyses reported here revealed that pregnancies in @entity1 with @entity1252 were associated with a higher risk of complications, higher healthcare costs, and fewer prescribed medications, including immunosuppressants, than the control groups. The increased risk of complications and decreased immunosuppressant use suggest that @entity1 require additional guidance from physicians to give them the best chance of experiencing a safe pregnancy. Indeed, despite the recognized role active @entity1252 plays in increasing pregnancy complications, @entity1 with @entity1252 had fewer rheumatology visits during pregnancy, although their visits to their general practitioner/primary healthcare provider increased, highlighting the need for team-based co-ordination care between OBGYN physicians and rheumatologists.

title: Healthcare costs of pregnancy in XXXX : retrospective observational analysis from a US health claims database.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['Systemic lupus erythematosus', 'lupus']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Donation after @entity204 (DCD) organs could alleviate the shortage of donor lungs. This study aimed to assess the influence on lung injuries of the way in which @entity1167 was induced and to investigate the mechanisms leading to any differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male @entity35 were allocated into three groups as follows: sham (no warm @entity63 ), @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ), and @entity1763 group. @entity1167 was induced by either @entity2224 by way of a fibrillator or @entity1763 caused by withdrawal of ventilation, which reflected uncontrolled and controlled DCD situations, respectively. The impact on lung flushing after 60  min of warm @entity63 time was evaluated (n  =  5, in each group). The physiological functions of the lungs in an isolated lung perfusion circuit were also evaluated with warm @entity63 time prolonged to 150  min (n  =  8, in each group). Messenger RNA expression levels of surfactant proteins (SPs) and inflammatory cytokines, pathologic findings, and high-energy phosphates of the lung tissues were investigated. RESULTS: In the @entity1763 group, flushing and physiological functions in the isolated lung perfusion circuit were the most severely affected. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and pathologic findings revealed depletion of @entity10459 in lung tissues of the @entity1763 group after reperfusion. The @entity2224 group was characteristic with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. CONCLUSIONS: Lung injuries were mainly attributed to alveolar wall damage and depletion of SP in the @entity1763 group, and perivascular area prominent @entity4 in the @entity2224 group. DCD donor lungs were affected differently by the way in which @entity1167 was induced.

title: Impact of the @entity1167 mode on XXXX donor lungs.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'Cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['cardiac death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Donation after @entity204 (DCD) organs could alleviate the shortage of donor lungs. This study aimed to assess the influence on lung injuries of the way in which @entity1167 was induced and to investigate the mechanisms leading to any differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male @entity35 were allocated into three groups as follows: sham (no warm @entity63 ), @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ), and @entity1763 group. @entity1167 was induced by either @entity2224 by way of a fibrillator or @entity1763 caused by withdrawal of ventilation, which reflected uncontrolled and controlled DCD situations, respectively. The impact on lung flushing after 60  min of warm @entity63 time was evaluated (n  =  5, in each group). The physiological functions of the lungs in an isolated lung perfusion circuit were also evaluated with warm @entity63 time prolonged to 150  min (n  =  8, in each group). Messenger RNA expression levels of surfactant proteins (SPs) and inflammatory cytokines, pathologic findings, and high-energy phosphates of the lung tissues were investigated. RESULTS: In the @entity1763 group, flushing and physiological functions in the isolated lung perfusion circuit were the most severely affected. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and pathologic findings revealed depletion of @entity10459 in lung tissues of the @entity1763 group after reperfusion. The @entity2224 group was characteristic with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. CONCLUSIONS: Lung injuries were mainly attributed to alveolar wall damage and depletion of SP in the @entity1763 group, and perivascular area prominent @entity4 in the @entity2224 group. DCD donor lungs were affected differently by the way in which @entity1167 was induced.

title: Impact of the XXXX mode on @entity204 donor lungs.

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota likely plays an important role in the development of gut-derived infections, making it a potential therapeutic target against @entity295 . However, experience with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) in the treatment of @entity295 and knowledge of the underlying mechanisms are extremely lacking. In this article, we describe a case of a @entity1 who developed @entity295 after a vagotomy and later received an infusion of donor feces microbiota, and we report our findings. METHODS: A 44-year-old @entity1 developed @entity326 and severe watery @entity294 4 days after undergoing a vagotomy. Antibiotics, probiotics and supportive treatment strategies were used for about 30 day after surgery, but the @entity1 's fever, @entity2259 and watery @entity294 persisted. Considering the possibility of @entity6636 , we evaluated the structure and composition of the @entity1 's fecal microbiota using 16S rDNA-based molecular techniques. As expected, the gut microbiota was extensively disrupted; therefore, a donor fecal suspension was delivered into the @entity1 by nasoduodenal tube. The @entity1 's clinical outcomes and shifts of the gut microbiota following the treatment were also determined. RESULTS: Dramatically, the @entity1 's septic symptoms and severe @entity294 were successfully controlled following @entity8 . Her stool output markedly declined after 7 days and normalized 16 days after @entity8 . A significant modification in her microbiota composition was consistently seen, characterized by a profound enrichment of the commensals in Firmicutes and depletion of opportunistic organisms in Proteobacteria. Furthermore, we identified a reconstituted bacterial community enriched in Firmicutes and depleted of Proteobacteria members that was associated with fecal output, plasma markers of @entity32 and T helper cells. CONCLUSIONS: In this report, we describe our initial experience with @entity8 , in which we successfully used it in the treatment of a @entity1 with @entity295 and severe @entity294 after a vagotomy. Our data indicate an association between repaired intestinal microbiota barrier and improvement of clinical outcomes. Our @entity1 's surprising clinical benefits from @entity8 demonstrate the role of intestinal microbiota in modulating immune equilibrium. It represents a breakthrough in the clinical management of @entity295 and suggests new therapeutic avenues to pursue for microbiota-related indications.

title: Successful treatment of severe @entity295 and @entity294 after vagotomy utilizing XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['FMT', 'fecal microbiota transplantation']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity6636 :: ('MESH:D064806', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal dysbiosis']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['fecal microbiota transplantation']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota likely plays an important role in the development of gut-derived infections, making it a potential therapeutic target against @entity295 . However, experience with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) in the treatment of @entity295 and knowledge of the underlying mechanisms are extremely lacking. In this article, we describe a case of a @entity1 who developed @entity295 after a vagotomy and later received an infusion of donor feces microbiota, and we report our findings. METHODS: A 44-year-old @entity1 developed @entity326 and severe watery @entity294 4 days after undergoing a vagotomy. Antibiotics, probiotics and supportive treatment strategies were used for about 30 day after surgery, but the @entity1 's fever, @entity2259 and watery @entity294 persisted. Considering the possibility of @entity6636 , we evaluated the structure and composition of the @entity1 's fecal microbiota using 16S rDNA-based molecular techniques. As expected, the gut microbiota was extensively disrupted; therefore, a donor fecal suspension was delivered into the @entity1 by nasoduodenal tube. The @entity1 's clinical outcomes and shifts of the gut microbiota following the treatment were also determined. RESULTS: Dramatically, the @entity1 's septic symptoms and severe @entity294 were successfully controlled following @entity8 . Her stool output markedly declined after 7 days and normalized 16 days after @entity8 . A significant modification in her microbiota composition was consistently seen, characterized by a profound enrichment of the commensals in Firmicutes and depletion of opportunistic organisms in Proteobacteria. Furthermore, we identified a reconstituted bacterial community enriched in Firmicutes and depleted of Proteobacteria members that was associated with fecal output, plasma markers of @entity32 and T helper cells. CONCLUSIONS: In this report, we describe our initial experience with @entity8 , in which we successfully used it in the treatment of a @entity1 with @entity295 and severe @entity294 after a vagotomy. Our data indicate an association between repaired intestinal microbiota barrier and improvement of clinical outcomes. Our @entity1 's surprising clinical benefits from @entity8 demonstrate the role of intestinal microbiota in modulating immune equilibrium. It represents a breakthrough in the clinical management of @entity295 and suggests new therapeutic avenues to pursue for microbiota-related indications.

title: Successful treatment of severe XXXX and @entity294 after vagotomy utilizing @entity8 : a case report.

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota likely plays an important role in the development of gut-derived infections, making it a potential therapeutic target against @entity295 . However, experience with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) in the treatment of @entity295 and knowledge of the underlying mechanisms are extremely lacking. In this article, we describe a case of a @entity1 who developed @entity295 after a vagotomy and later received an infusion of donor feces microbiota, and we report our findings. METHODS: A 44-year-old @entity1 developed @entity326 and severe watery @entity294 4 days after undergoing a vagotomy. Antibiotics, probiotics and supportive treatment strategies were used for about 30 day after surgery, but the @entity1 's fever, @entity2259 and watery @entity294 persisted. Considering the possibility of @entity6636 , we evaluated the structure and composition of the @entity1 's fecal microbiota using 16S rDNA-based molecular techniques. As expected, the gut microbiota was extensively disrupted; therefore, a donor fecal suspension was delivered into the @entity1 by nasoduodenal tube. The @entity1 's clinical outcomes and shifts of the gut microbiota following the treatment were also determined. RESULTS: Dramatically, the @entity1 's septic symptoms and severe @entity294 were successfully controlled following @entity8 . Her stool output markedly declined after 7 days and normalized 16 days after @entity8 . A significant modification in her microbiota composition was consistently seen, characterized by a profound enrichment of the commensals in Firmicutes and depletion of opportunistic organisms in Proteobacteria. Furthermore, we identified a reconstituted bacterial community enriched in Firmicutes and depleted of Proteobacteria members that was associated with fecal output, plasma markers of @entity32 and T helper cells. CONCLUSIONS: In this report, we describe our initial experience with @entity8 , in which we successfully used it in the treatment of a @entity1 with @entity295 and severe @entity294 after a vagotomy. Our data indicate an association between repaired intestinal microbiota barrier and improvement of clinical outcomes. Our @entity1 's surprising clinical benefits from @entity8 demonstrate the role of intestinal microbiota in modulating immune equilibrium. It represents a breakthrough in the clinical management of @entity295 and suggests new therapeutic avenues to pursue for microbiota-related indications.

title: Successful treatment of severe @entity295 and XXXX after vagotomy utilizing @entity8 : a case report.

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhea']