abstract: AIM: This study examined the relationship between hypothalamic-associated hormones and behavioural and @entity1277 in @entity1 with low birthweight. METHODS: We included 100 @entity1 (mean age 9.7 years): 39 were born preterm at <32 gestational weeks, 28 were full-term, but small for gestational age, and 33 were full-term controls. Behavioural histories were analysed, together with fasting blood samples of leptin, @entity442 ), @entity4090 , glucagon and @entity701 . RESULTS: Preterm @entity1 had lower @entity4090 (p  =  0.01) and higher @entity442 than controls (p  <  0.05, adjusted for confounders), despite being significantly shorter than the predicted target height (p  <  0.001). More preterm @entity1 displayed @entity74 (38% versus 10%, p  <  0.001) and @entity1277 (26% versus 8%, p  <  0.05) than full-term @entity1 . These disorders were associated with lower leptin (p  <  0.01), insulin (p  <  0.05) and @entity442 (p  <  0.05), but correlations between these hormones and leptin were similar among the groups. Combined behavioural and @entity1277 were only observed in preterm @entity1 , who were also the shortest in height. CONCLUSION: Behavioural and @entity1277 among preterm @entity1 were associated with low leptin, insulin and @entity442 . Low @entity4090 in all preterm @entity1 indicated an increased dopaminergic tonus, which might inhibit body weight incrementation. This raises speculation about @entity2856 insensitivity.

title: Preterm born 9-year-olds have elevated @entity442 and low @entity4090 , but levels vary with behavioural and XXXX .

answer: @entity1277 :: (MESH:D001068,Disease) :: ['eating disorders']


abstract: AIM: This study examined the relationship between hypothalamic-associated hormones and behavioural and @entity1277 in @entity1 with low birthweight. METHODS: We included 100 @entity1 (mean age 9.7 years): 39 were born preterm at <32 gestational weeks, 28 were full-term, but small for gestational age, and 33 were full-term controls. Behavioural histories were analysed, together with fasting blood samples of leptin, @entity442 ), @entity4090 , glucagon and @entity701 . RESULTS: Preterm @entity1 had lower @entity4090 (p  =  0.01) and higher @entity442 than controls (p  <  0.05, adjusted for confounders), despite being significantly shorter than the predicted target height (p  <  0.001). More preterm @entity1 displayed @entity74 (38% versus 10%, p  <  0.001) and @entity1277 (26% versus 8%, p  <  0.05) than full-term @entity1 . These disorders were associated with lower leptin (p  <  0.01), insulin (p  <  0.05) and @entity442 (p  <  0.05), but correlations between these hormones and leptin were similar among the groups. Combined behavioural and @entity1277 were only observed in preterm @entity1 , who were also the shortest in height. CONCLUSION: Behavioural and @entity1277 among preterm @entity1 were associated with low leptin, insulin and @entity442 . Low @entity4090 in all preterm @entity1 indicated an increased dopaminergic tonus, which might inhibit body weight incrementation. This raises speculation about @entity2856 insensitivity.

title: Preterm born 9-year-olds have elevated XXXX and low @entity4090 , but levels vary with behavioural and @entity1277 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I', 'IGF-1', 'IGF-I']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['behavioural disorders']

answer: @entity442 :: (3479,Gene) :: ['IGF-1']


abstract: @entity1697 ( @entity1697 ) is a promising therapeutic approach for treating @entity5419 . Past studies have shown that @entity1697 reduces @entity56 response only in severe @entity566 model @entity19 . We worked to establish mild @entity566 model @entity19 , and investigated whether 'rush' @entity1697 for 10 d improved the @entity56 response and biomarkers in these @entity19 . Balb/c @entity19 were sensitized to ovomucoid (OM) in alum. The rush @entity1697 was done for 10 d. Oral OM challenge was used to determine the impact of @entity1697 on the @entity56 response. We measured @entity56 biomarkers, such as vascular permeability in the skin, plasma levels of total IgE, OM-specific IgE, @entity6527 and @entity9749 and cytokines in splenocyte culture supernatant. @entity1697 for 10 d did not improve @entity566 symptoms and increased vascular permeability. Total IgE in the plasma of @entity1697 -treated @entity19 was significantly higher than in that of non-treated @entity19 . OM-specific @entity6527 and @entity9749 plasma levels were not significantly different between @entity1697 -treated and non-treated @entity19 . Among the cytokine secretion of splenocyte from @entity1697 -treated @entity19 , IFN-y and @entity1618 were significantly lower than in non-treated @entity19 , and @entity58 and @entity59 were significantly higher. Total @entity641 in the @entity1697 -treated group was not detected. The IFN-y/ @entity58 ratio of the @entity1697 -treated group was about 1/8 that of the non-treated group. @entity1697 for 10 d was not effective and some biomarkers showed negative responses in the mild @entity566 model @entity19 . We suggest @entity1697 should be used very carefully as this treatment carries a risk of @entity566 for @entity19 with mild @entity566 .

title: Rush Oral Immunotherapy Does Not Reduce XXXX in @entity19 with Mild Allergy to Egg White Ovomucoid.

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['OIT', 'Oral immunotherapy']

entities_list: @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergy']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['worsening allergy symptoms', 'allergy']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['Allergic Response']


abstract: @entity1697 ( @entity1697 ) is a promising therapeutic approach for treating @entity5419 . Past studies have shown that @entity1697 reduces @entity56 response only in severe @entity566 model @entity19 . We worked to establish mild @entity566 model @entity19 , and investigated whether 'rush' @entity1697 for 10 d improved the @entity56 response and biomarkers in these @entity19 . Balb/c @entity19 were sensitized to ovomucoid (OM) in alum. The rush @entity1697 was done for 10 d. Oral OM challenge was used to determine the impact of @entity1697 on the @entity56 response. We measured @entity56 biomarkers, such as vascular permeability in the skin, plasma levels of total IgE, OM-specific IgE, @entity6527 and @entity9749 and cytokines in splenocyte culture supernatant. @entity1697 for 10 d did not improve @entity566 symptoms and increased vascular permeability. Total IgE in the plasma of @entity1697 -treated @entity19 was significantly higher than in that of non-treated @entity19 . OM-specific @entity6527 and @entity9749 plasma levels were not significantly different between @entity1697 -treated and non-treated @entity19 . Among the cytokine secretion of splenocyte from @entity1697 -treated @entity19 , IFN-y and @entity1618 were significantly lower than in non-treated @entity19 , and @entity58 and @entity59 were significantly higher. Total @entity641 in the @entity1697 -treated group was not detected. The IFN-y/ @entity58 ratio of the @entity1697 -treated group was about 1/8 that of the non-treated group. @entity1697 for 10 d was not effective and some biomarkers showed negative responses in the mild @entity566 model @entity19 . We suggest @entity1697 should be used very carefully as this treatment carries a risk of @entity566 for @entity19 with mild @entity566 .

title: Rush Oral Immunotherapy Does Not Reduce @entity56 in XXXX with Mild Allergy to Egg White Ovomucoid.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2204 genotype and aging have been identified as risk factors for @entity195 ( @entity195 ). In addition, @entity2414 ( @entity2414 ) might be a first clinical expression of the effect of @entity195 pathology on cognitive functioning. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether @entity2204 genotype, age, @entity2414 , and episodic memory are risk factors for high amyloid-b (Ab) burden in cognitively normal elderly. METHODS: 307 cognitively normal @entity1 (72.7    6.8 years, 53% female, 55% @entity2414 ) from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study underwent amyloid PET and @entity2204 genotyping. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association of @entity2204 genotype, age, @entity2414 , and episodic memory with Ab pathology. RESULTS: Odds of high Ab burden were greater at an older age (OR=3.21; 95% CI=1.68-6.14), when @entity2414 were present (OR=1.90; 95% CI=1.03-3.48), and for @entity2204 carriers (OR=7.49; 95% CI=3.96-14.15), while episodic memory was not associated with odds of high Ab burden. Stratified analyses showed that odds of @entity2414 for high Ab burden were increased in specifically @entity2204 carriers (OR=4.58, 95% CI=1.83-11.49) and younger @entity1 (OR=3.73, 95% CI=1.39-10.01). CONCLUSION: Aging, @entity2204 genotype, and @entity2414 were associated with high Ab burden. @entity2414 were especially indicative of high Ab burden in younger @entity1 and in @entity2204 carriers. These findings suggest that selection based on the presence of @entity2414 , @entity2204 genotype and age may help identify healthy elderly @entity1 with high Ab burden eligible for secondary prevention trials.

title: Subjective Memory Complaints in XXXX Carriers are Associated with High Amyloid-b Burden.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['SMC', 'subjective memory complaints']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity2204 :: (348,Gene) :: ['APOE  4']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Blunt @entity299 (BCI) may manifest as @entity299 or, more rarely, as pericardial or @entity296 . Computed tomography (CT) is performed in the vast majority of @entity130 @entity1 , but the imaging features of @entity299 are not well described. PURPOSE: To evaluate CT findings and associated injuries in @entity1 with clinically diagnosed BCI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 42 @entity1 with blunt @entity299 from our institution's electronic medical record. Clinical parameters, echocardiography results, and laboratory tests were recorded. Two blinded reviewers analyzed chest CTs performed in these @entity1 for @entity296 and associated injuries. RESULTS: CT findings of severe thoracic @entity130 are commonly present in @entity1 with severe BCI; 82% of @entity1 with ECG, cardiac enzyme, and echocardiographic evidence of BCI had abnormalities of the heart or pericardium on CT; 73% had anterior rib @entity174 , and 64% had pulmonary contusions. Sternal @entity174 were only seen in 36% of such @entity1 . However, @entity296 on CT is poorly sensitive for those @entity1 with @entity299 : 0% of right ventricular contusions and 22% of left ventricular contusions seen on echocardiography were identified on CT. CONCLUSION: CT signs of severe thoracic @entity130 are frequently present in @entity1 with severe BCI and should be regarded as indirect evidence of potential BCI. Direct CT findings of @entity296 , i.e. @entity296 , are poorly sensitive and should not be used as a screening tool. However, some left ventricular contusions can be seen on CT, and these @entity1 could undergo echocardiography or cardiac MRI to evaluate for wall motion abnormalities.

title: Imaging in blunt XXXX : Computed tomographic findings in @entity299 and associated injuries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial rupture', 'myocardial hypoenhancement', 'myocardial contusion']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac injury', 'cardiac contusion']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Blunt @entity299 (BCI) may manifest as @entity299 or, more rarely, as pericardial or @entity296 . Computed tomography (CT) is performed in the vast majority of @entity130 @entity1 , but the imaging features of @entity299 are not well described. PURPOSE: To evaluate CT findings and associated injuries in @entity1 with clinically diagnosed BCI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 42 @entity1 with blunt @entity299 from our institution's electronic medical record. Clinical parameters, echocardiography results, and laboratory tests were recorded. Two blinded reviewers analyzed chest CTs performed in these @entity1 for @entity296 and associated injuries. RESULTS: CT findings of severe thoracic @entity130 are commonly present in @entity1 with severe BCI; 82% of @entity1 with ECG, cardiac enzyme, and echocardiographic evidence of BCI had abnormalities of the heart or pericardium on CT; 73% had anterior rib @entity174 , and 64% had pulmonary contusions. Sternal @entity174 were only seen in 36% of such @entity1 . However, @entity296 on CT is poorly sensitive for those @entity1 with @entity299 : 0% of right ventricular contusions and 22% of left ventricular contusions seen on echocardiography were identified on CT. CONCLUSION: CT signs of severe thoracic @entity130 are frequently present in @entity1 with severe BCI and should be regarded as indirect evidence of potential BCI. Direct CT findings of @entity296 , i.e. @entity296 , are poorly sensitive and should not be used as a screening tool. However, some left ventricular contusions can be seen on CT, and these @entity1 could undergo echocardiography or cardiac MRI to evaluate for wall motion abnormalities.

title: Imaging in blunt @entity299 : Computed tomographic findings in XXXX and associated injuries.

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac contusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity2795 ( @entity2795 ) is a major symptom of @entity19606 ( @entity19606 ). We assessed the spectrum of @entity2704 symptoms and their potential correlates in a large prospective cohort of @entity19606 individuals. METHODS: A standardized questionnaire was used in 378 @entity19606 @entity1 for assessing @entity10 symptoms, trigger factors, age at first attack, frequency of attacks and associated symptoms. @entity75 and @entity1010 were quantified. RESULTS: A total of 54.5% of individuals had a history of @entity2704 in 84% of them; 62.4% of individuals with @entity2795 were @entity1 and age at onset of @entity2795 was lower in @entity1 than in @entity1 . @entity302 were experienced by 59.3% of individuals with @entity2795 , and for 19.7% of @entity1 with @entity2795 the aura was never accompanied by @entity10 . @entity2795 was the inaugural manifestation in 41% of symptomatic @entity1 and an isolated symptom in 12.1% of individuals. Slightly higher MMSE and MDRS scores and lower Rankin score were detected in the @entity2795 group. CONCLUSION: @entity2795 is observed in almost half of all @entity19606 @entity1 . @entity302 are reported by more than one in two of them. @entity2795 is often inaugural, can remain isolated and is not associated with the severity of the disorder.

title: Prevalence and characteristics of @entity2704 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2795 :: ('MESH:D020325', 'Disease') :: ['MA', 'Migraine with aura']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['MRI lesions']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraine', 'migraine, mostly MA']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy']

entities_list: @entity19606 :: ('MESH:D046589', 'Disease') :: ['CADASIL', 'cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['Atypical aura symptoms']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity19606 :: (MESH:D046589,Disease) :: ['CADASIL']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity2795 ( @entity2795 ) is a major symptom of @entity19606 ( @entity19606 ). We assessed the spectrum of @entity2704 symptoms and their potential correlates in a large prospective cohort of @entity19606 individuals. METHODS: A standardized questionnaire was used in 378 @entity19606 @entity1 for assessing @entity10 symptoms, trigger factors, age at first attack, frequency of attacks and associated symptoms. @entity75 and @entity1010 were quantified. RESULTS: A total of 54.5% of individuals had a history of @entity2704 in 84% of them; 62.4% of individuals with @entity2795 were @entity1 and age at onset of @entity2795 was lower in @entity1 than in @entity1 . @entity302 were experienced by 59.3% of individuals with @entity2795 , and for 19.7% of @entity1 with @entity2795 the aura was never accompanied by @entity10 . @entity2795 was the inaugural manifestation in 41% of symptomatic @entity1 and an isolated symptom in 12.1% of individuals. Slightly higher MMSE and MDRS scores and lower Rankin score were detected in the @entity2795 group. CONCLUSION: @entity2795 is observed in almost half of all @entity19606 @entity1 . @entity302 are reported by more than one in two of them. @entity2795 is often inaugural, can remain isolated and is not associated with the severity of the disorder.

title: Prevalence and characteristics of XXXX in @entity19606 .

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migraine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To find out the clinical and pathological characteristics in acute @entity532 . METHODS: A retrospective clinical analysis was made on 742 cases of @entity697 from January 2003 to December 2012. All cases underwent appendectomy. @entity1 were allocated to the acute @entity532 (ACA) group and the acute uncomplicated @entity698 group based on pathological reports. The      test was used to check for differences between proportions. Multivariate analysis was made through the Logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 742 @entity1 , 533 were allocated to the ACA group, including acute @entity698 306 @entity1 , @entity697 100 patiets, @entity698 with perforation 59 @entity1 , @entity698 with @entity733 formation 6 @entity1 and @entity698 with @entity5 5 @entity1 . Statistical result shows that the @entity1 of ACA group usually had higher toal WBC count, local or diffuse muscle guarding, intraluminal stercolith or periappendiceal fluid. Logistic regression also indicated that ACA were mathematically related to high level white blood cell count (>20   10   /L, OR = 2.717, 95%CI: 1.834-4.027, P < 0.05), local or diffuse muscle guarding (OR = 1.649, 95%CI: 1.047-2.597, P < 0.05), intraluminal stercolith (OR = 2.939, 95%CI: 1.607-5.377, P < 0.05) and periappendiceal fluid (OR = 3.273, 95%CI: 1.424-7.525, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with high level WBC count, local or diffuse muscle guarding, intraluminal stercolith or periappendiceal fluid are likely suffering from acute @entity532 . Appendectomy must be considered as first-line therapy other than conservative antibiotic therapy under these situations.

title: [Clinical and pathological characteristics in acute XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gangrenous appendicitis', 'acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis', 'suppurative appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['complicated appendicitis']

answer: @entity532 :: (MESH:D003925,Disease) :: ['complicated appendicitis']


abstract: We aimed to clarify the differences between the estimated rectal dose (ERD) and the @entity196 ( @entity196 ) and @entity1605 ( @entity1605 ) to the rectum during @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy, and to predict @entity196 from the @entity1069 ( @entity1069 ) or the rectal dose-volume parameters (RDVPs). ERD, @entity196 , and @entity1605 were assessed with a rectal dosimeter during @entity1168 brachytherapy of 18  Gy given in two fractions to 110 @entity1 (48 hormone recipients, 62 hormone-na  ve @entity1 ) with @entity263 . The correlations between @entity196 and @entity1069 , and between @entity196 and RDVP (D 2ml-D 5ml) were investigated. ERD (mean      SD) was 219      44  cGy, @entity196 was 255      52  cGy, and @entity1605 was 298      63  cGy, which differed significantly (p  <  0.001). The correlation coefficients between ERD and @entity196 , and between @entity196 and @entity1605 , were 0.82 and 0.78, respectively. @entity1605 was equivalent to 118      16  % @entity196 . The measured doses were significantly greater in the hormone recipients than in the hormone-na  ve @entity1 (p  <  0.001). The increase in @entity196 correlated with the increases in @entity1069 and in RDVPs. The correlation coefficients between @entity1069 and @entity196 in all of the @entity1 , in the hormone recipients, and in the hormone-na  ve @entity1 were 0.61, 0.64, and 0.64, respectively, whereas that between RDVPs and @entity196 was <0.53. In conclusion, the dose to the rectum increased with time and was correlated with the increases in @entity1069 and RDVPs. The correlation coefficient between @entity196 and @entity1069 was greater than that between @entity196 and RDVPs.

title: Radiation dose to rectum in XXXX brachytherapy with a single implant and two fractions for @entity263 , and its prediction by @entity1069 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['second measured dose', 'SMD']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['PV', 'prostate volume']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['FMD', 'first measured dose']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['HDR', 'high-dose-rate']

answer: @entity1168 :: (MESH:D001919,Disease) :: ['high-dose-rate']


abstract: We aimed to clarify the differences between the estimated rectal dose (ERD) and the @entity196 ( @entity196 ) and @entity1605 ( @entity1605 ) to the rectum during @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy, and to predict @entity196 from the @entity1069 ( @entity1069 ) or the rectal dose-volume parameters (RDVPs). ERD, @entity196 , and @entity1605 were assessed with a rectal dosimeter during @entity1168 brachytherapy of 18  Gy given in two fractions to 110 @entity1 (48 hormone recipients, 62 hormone-na  ve @entity1 ) with @entity263 . The correlations between @entity196 and @entity1069 , and between @entity196 and RDVP (D 2ml-D 5ml) were investigated. ERD (mean      SD) was 219      44  cGy, @entity196 was 255      52  cGy, and @entity1605 was 298      63  cGy, which differed significantly (p  <  0.001). The correlation coefficients between ERD and @entity196 , and between @entity196 and @entity1605 , were 0.82 and 0.78, respectively. @entity1605 was equivalent to 118      16  % @entity196 . The measured doses were significantly greater in the hormone recipients than in the hormone-na  ve @entity1 (p  <  0.001). The increase in @entity196 correlated with the increases in @entity1069 and in RDVPs. The correlation coefficients between @entity1069 and @entity196 in all of the @entity1 , in the hormone recipients, and in the hormone-na  ve @entity1 were 0.61, 0.64, and 0.64, respectively, whereas that between RDVPs and @entity196 was <0.53. In conclusion, the dose to the rectum increased with time and was correlated with the increases in @entity1069 and RDVPs. The correlation coefficient between @entity196 and @entity1069 was greater than that between @entity196 and RDVPs.

title: Radiation dose to rectum in @entity1168 brachytherapy with a single implant and two fractions for XXXX , and its prediction by @entity1069 .

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: We aimed to clarify the differences between the estimated rectal dose (ERD) and the @entity196 ( @entity196 ) and @entity1605 ( @entity1605 ) to the rectum during @entity1168 ( @entity1168 ) brachytherapy, and to predict @entity196 from the @entity1069 ( @entity1069 ) or the rectal dose-volume parameters (RDVPs). ERD, @entity196 , and @entity1605 were assessed with a rectal dosimeter during @entity1168 brachytherapy of 18  Gy given in two fractions to 110 @entity1 (48 hormone recipients, 62 hormone-na  ve @entity1 ) with @entity263 . The correlations between @entity196 and @entity1069 , and between @entity196 and RDVP (D 2ml-D 5ml) were investigated. ERD (mean      SD) was 219      44  cGy, @entity196 was 255      52  cGy, and @entity1605 was 298      63  cGy, which differed significantly (p  <  0.001). The correlation coefficients between ERD and @entity196 , and between @entity196 and @entity1605 , were 0.82 and 0.78, respectively. @entity1605 was equivalent to 118      16  % @entity196 . The measured doses were significantly greater in the hormone recipients than in the hormone-na  ve @entity1 (p  <  0.001). The increase in @entity196 correlated with the increases in @entity1069 and in RDVPs. The correlation coefficients between @entity1069 and @entity196 in all of the @entity1 , in the hormone recipients, and in the hormone-na  ve @entity1 were 0.61, 0.64, and 0.64, respectively, whereas that between RDVPs and @entity196 was <0.53. In conclusion, the dose to the rectum increased with time and was correlated with the increases in @entity1069 and RDVPs. The correlation coefficient between @entity196 and @entity1069 was greater than that between @entity196 and RDVPs.

title: Radiation dose to rectum in @entity1168 brachytherapy with a single implant and two fractions for @entity263 , and its prediction by XXXX .

answer: @entity1069 :: (MESH:D053448,Disease) :: ['prostate volume']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An important challenge in @entity5 biology is to computationally screen mutations in @entity5 cells, separating those that might drive @entity5 initiation and progression, from the much larger number of bystanders. Since mutations are large in number and diverse in type, the frequency of any particular mutation pattern across a set of samples is low. This makes statistical distinctions and reproducibility across different populations difficult to establish. RESULTS: In this paper we develop a novel method that promises to partially ameliorate these problems. The basic idea is although mutations are highly heterogeneous and vary from one sample to another, the processes that are disrupted when cells undergo transformation tend to be invariant across a population for a particular @entity5 or @entity5 subtype. Specifically, we focus on finding mutated pathway-groups that are invariant across samples of @entity0 subtypes. The identification of informative pathway-groups consists of two steps. The first is identification of pathways significantly enriched in genes containing non-synonymous mutations; the second uses pathways so identified to find groups that are functionally related in the largest number of samples. An application to 4 subtypes of @entity0 identified pathway-groups that can highly explicate a particular subtype and rich in processes associated with transformation. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to previous methods that identify pathways across a set of samples without any further validation, we show that mutated pathway-groups can be found in each @entity0 subtype and that such groups are invariant across the majority of samples. The algorithm is available at http://www.visantnet.org/misi/ @entity10688 .

title: Identification of collaborative driver pathways in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Evaluation of: Hampton DA, Lee TH, Diggs BJ, McCully SP, Schreiber MA. A predictive model of early mortality in @entity130 @entity1 . Am. J. Surg. 207(5), 642-647 (2014). In their prospective multi-centred observational study, Hampton et al. tested the ability of rapid thromboelastography (r-TEG) to predict mortality in @entity130 @entity1 . A total of 795 @entity1 were assessed. The authors analysed both @entity1 demographic and physiological measures. Validation of variables that significantly related to mortality was subsequently undertaken. Ly30 (a measurement of the degree of clot lysis over 30 min) was observed to be a predictor of 24-h mortality in @entity130 (odds ratio 3.7 p = 0.03). This was incorporated with haemoglobin level, international normalized ratio, Glasgow @entity772 Score and the presence of penetrating injury to form their five-variable mortality prediction model. Hampton et al. conclude that the correlation between r-TEG measurements and @entity130 mortality makes it a useful tool in mortality prediction. The report highlights the importance of using this point-of-care coagulation assessment machine in mortality prediction for @entity130 @entity1 .

title: The role of rapid thromboelastography in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: PURPOSE: We assessed the association between a family history of @entity5 and risk of @entity2513 among individuals aged 40-49 years. METHODS: The study population consisted of subjects, aged in their 40s, who underwent colonoscopy. Their family histories of @entity5 were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. A logistic regression model was used to assess the association between a family history of @entity5 and the risk of @entity1127 . RESULTS: In total, 2275 @entity1 were included in the study. Univariate analysis showed that old age, male sex, current cigarette smoking, BMI>25kg/m(2), and a family history of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) were risk factors for the development of sporadic @entity6523 in these @entity1 . A multivariate analysis showed that a family history of @entity14 was associated with @entity652 development. A family history of @entity14 was also a risk factor for advanced and multiple @entity652 . CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that a family history of @entity14 is a risk factor for advanced and multiple @entity2513 in @entity1 in their 40s. These results support earlier screening for @entity14 in individuals with a family history of @entity14 .

title: Association between family history of @entity5 with XXXX in 40s aged relative @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal polyp']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenomatous polyps']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'CRC or kidney cancer', 'colorectal neoplasms', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenoma']

answer: @entity6523 :: (MESH:D018256,Disease) :: ['colorectal adenomatous polyp']


abstract: PURPOSE: We assessed the association between a family history of @entity5 and risk of @entity2513 among individuals aged 40-49 years. METHODS: The study population consisted of subjects, aged in their 40s, who underwent colonoscopy. Their family histories of @entity5 were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. A logistic regression model was used to assess the association between a family history of @entity5 and the risk of @entity1127 . RESULTS: In total, 2275 @entity1 were included in the study. Univariate analysis showed that old age, male sex, current cigarette smoking, BMI>25kg/m(2), and a family history of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) were risk factors for the development of sporadic @entity6523 in these @entity1 . A multivariate analysis showed that a family history of @entity14 was associated with @entity652 development. A family history of @entity14 was also a risk factor for advanced and multiple @entity652 . CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that a family history of @entity14 is a risk factor for advanced and multiple @entity2513 in @entity1 in their 40s. These results support earlier screening for @entity14 in individuals with a family history of @entity14 .

title: Association between family history of XXXX with @entity6523 in 40s aged relative @entity1 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant neoplasm']


abstract: PURPOSE: We assessed the association between a family history of @entity5 and risk of @entity2513 among individuals aged 40-49 years. METHODS: The study population consisted of subjects, aged in their 40s, who underwent colonoscopy. Their family histories of @entity5 were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. A logistic regression model was used to assess the association between a family history of @entity5 and the risk of @entity1127 . RESULTS: In total, 2275 @entity1 were included in the study. Univariate analysis showed that old age, male sex, current cigarette smoking, BMI>25kg/m(2), and a family history of @entity14 ( @entity14 ) were risk factors for the development of sporadic @entity6523 in these @entity1 . A multivariate analysis showed that a family history of @entity14 was associated with @entity652 development. A family history of @entity14 was also a risk factor for advanced and multiple @entity652 . CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that a family history of @entity14 is a risk factor for advanced and multiple @entity2513 in @entity1 in their 40s. These results support earlier screening for @entity14 in individuals with a family history of @entity14 .

title: Association between family history of @entity5 with @entity6523 in 40s aged relative XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['person']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of studies have reported relationships of @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 polymorphisms with susceptibility to @entity2 in Chinese population. However, the epidemiologic results have been conflictive rather than conclusive. The purpose of this study was to address the associations of @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 polymorphisms with @entity2 risk in Chinese population comprehensively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, CNKI and Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of association. RESULTS: Overall, we observed a @entity2 risk among subjects carrying @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 c1/ c2 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 genotypes (OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.64-0.90 and OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.66-0.93, respectively), as compared with subjects carrying the c1/c1 genotype. In subgroup analysis, we observed a @entity2 risk among @entity6746 carriers in hospital-based studies (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.68-0.98) and among carriers with c1/ c2 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 genotypes in population-based studies(OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.42-0.79 and OR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.43-0.79, respectively), as compared with subjects carrying the c1/c1 genotype. Limiting the analysis to studies with controls in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), we similarly observed a @entity2 risk among @entity6746 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 carriers (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88 and OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88, respectively), as compared with c1/c1. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 @entity6746 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 variants might be a protective factor for developing @entity2 in Chinese population. Further well-designed studies with larger sample size are required to verify our findings.

title: Updated meta-analysis of the association between XXXX RsaI/ @entity9379 polymorphisms and @entity2 risk in Chinese population.

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['decreased lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

answer: @entity5321 :: (1571,Gene) :: ['CYP2E1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of studies have reported relationships of @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 polymorphisms with susceptibility to @entity2 in Chinese population. However, the epidemiologic results have been conflictive rather than conclusive. The purpose of this study was to address the associations of @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 polymorphisms with @entity2 risk in Chinese population comprehensively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, CNKI and Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of association. RESULTS: Overall, we observed a @entity2 risk among subjects carrying @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 c1/ c2 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 genotypes (OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.64-0.90 and OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.66-0.93, respectively), as compared with subjects carrying the c1/c1 genotype. In subgroup analysis, we observed a @entity2 risk among @entity6746 carriers in hospital-based studies (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.68-0.98) and among carriers with c1/ c2 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 genotypes in population-based studies(OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.42-0.79 and OR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.43-0.79, respectively), as compared with subjects carrying the c1/c1 genotype. Limiting the analysis to studies with controls in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), we similarly observed a @entity2 risk among @entity6746 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 carriers (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88 and OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88, respectively), as compared with c1/c1. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 @entity6746 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 variants might be a protective factor for developing @entity2 in Chinese population. Further well-designed studies with larger sample size are required to verify our findings.

title: Updated meta-analysis of the association between @entity5321 RsaI/ XXXX polymorphisms and @entity2 risk in Chinese population.

answer: @entity9379 :: (6690,Gene) :: ['PstI']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of studies have reported relationships of @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 polymorphisms with susceptibility to @entity2 in Chinese population. However, the epidemiologic results have been conflictive rather than conclusive. The purpose of this study was to address the associations of @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 polymorphisms with @entity2 risk in Chinese population comprehensively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, CNKI and Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of association. RESULTS: Overall, we observed a @entity2 risk among subjects carrying @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 c1/ c2 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 genotypes (OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.64-0.90 and OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.66-0.93, respectively), as compared with subjects carrying the c1/c1 genotype. In subgroup analysis, we observed a @entity2 risk among @entity6746 carriers in hospital-based studies (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.68-0.98) and among carriers with c1/ c2 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 genotypes in population-based studies(OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.42-0.79 and OR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.43-0.79, respectively), as compared with subjects carrying the c1/c1 genotype. Limiting the analysis to studies with controls in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), we similarly observed a @entity2 risk among @entity6746 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 carriers (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88 and OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88, respectively), as compared with c1/c1. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 @entity6746 and @entity6746 +c2/c2 variants might be a protective factor for developing @entity2 in Chinese population. Further well-designed studies with larger sample size are required to verify our findings.

title: Updated meta-analysis of the association between @entity5321 RsaI/ @entity9379 polymorphisms and XXXX risk in Chinese population.

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: A @entity1 presented with a frontal nodule of the scalp. Histopathological examination revealed a myxomatous multilobulate @entity5 composed of epithelioid cells with variable pleomorphism. Perineurium-like structures were seen but only around isolated lobules located at the @entity5 periphery. Electron microscopy revealed polygonal cells and cells with elongated cytoplasmic processes. Many cells had myelinoid figures. A basement membrane-like lamina was noted around some cells. Some of the @entity5 cells were immunoreactive for @entity2610 . This finding suggests that the @entity5 cells are of schwannian type. @entity28045 of Gallager and Helwig is a rare, probably @entity5 with fairly distinctive histopathologic characteristics. It appears to be a variant of @entity28045 .

title: XXXX of Gallager and Helwig ( @entity28045 variant): report of a case with electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies.

entities_list: @entity2610 :: ('4155', 'Gene') :: ['myelin basic protein']

entities_list: @entity28045 :: ('MESH:D018321', 'Disease') :: ['dermal nerve-sheath myxoma', 'Neurothekeoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumor']

answer: @entity28045 :: (MESH:D018321,Disease) :: ['Neurothekeoma']


abstract: A @entity1 presented with a frontal nodule of the scalp. Histopathological examination revealed a myxomatous multilobulate @entity5 composed of epithelioid cells with variable pleomorphism. Perineurium-like structures were seen but only around isolated lobules located at the @entity5 periphery. Electron microscopy revealed polygonal cells and cells with elongated cytoplasmic processes. Many cells had myelinoid figures. A basement membrane-like lamina was noted around some cells. Some of the @entity5 cells were immunoreactive for @entity2610 . This finding suggests that the @entity5 cells are of schwannian type. @entity28045 of Gallager and Helwig is a rare, probably @entity5 with fairly distinctive histopathologic characteristics. It appears to be a variant of @entity28045 .

title: @entity28045 of Gallager and Helwig ( XXXX variant): report of a case with electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies.

answer: @entity28045 :: (MESH:D018321,Disease) :: ['dermal nerve sheath myxoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Vitiligo has been classified clinically into segmental @entity1694 (SV) and nonsegmental @entity1694 (NSV) and may also be associated with @entity854 . OBJECTIVES: We examined cochlear function in ears of individuals with SV and NSV, including subjects with facial and @entity75 , and in @entity1 who have SV with unilateral facial involvement. METHODS: This study included 25 @entity1 with SV and 28 @entity1 with NSV. Fifteen age- and sex-matched healthy individuals served as controls. Cochlear function was studied using the distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Data were analysed using SPSS. RESULTS: Sixty-four ears (60%) of @entity1 with @entity1694 had @entity18129 while the control group exhibited no abnormalities. On comparing the @entity18129 of @entity1 with SV with @entity1 with NSV, no statistically significant difference was found. The ears on both sides, affected and unaffected by @entity1694 , in @entity1 with SV showed @entity18129 with no statistically significant difference in DPOAE. To determine the effect of the lesion side on cochlear function, we compared DPOAE amplitude using Student's t-test. The comparisons included NSV of the face vs. NSV on other areas, NSV of the face vs. SV of the face and SV of the face vs. SV of other areas. No statistically significant difference was found in these comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: @entity18129 is common in both NSV and SV and does not reflect the appearance of @entity1694 in the skin. Our results underscore the important role of melanocytes and melanin in cochlear function, and suggest that the @entity18129 in SV point to the presence of additional nonsegmental pathophysiological events underlying all forms of @entity1694 .

title: Most individuals with either segmental or nonsegmental @entity1694 display evidence of bilateral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['nonfacial lesions']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['audiological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity18129 :: ('MESH:D015834', 'Disease') :: ['cochlear dysfunction', 'Bilateral cochlear dysfunction', 'cochlear abnormalities']

answer: @entity18129 :: (MESH:D015834,Disease) :: ['cochlear dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Vitiligo has been classified clinically into segmental @entity1694 (SV) and nonsegmental @entity1694 (NSV) and may also be associated with @entity854 . OBJECTIVES: We examined cochlear function in ears of individuals with SV and NSV, including subjects with facial and @entity75 , and in @entity1 who have SV with unilateral facial involvement. METHODS: This study included 25 @entity1 with SV and 28 @entity1 with NSV. Fifteen age- and sex-matched healthy individuals served as controls. Cochlear function was studied using the distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Data were analysed using SPSS. RESULTS: Sixty-four ears (60%) of @entity1 with @entity1694 had @entity18129 while the control group exhibited no abnormalities. On comparing the @entity18129 of @entity1 with SV with @entity1 with NSV, no statistically significant difference was found. The ears on both sides, affected and unaffected by @entity1694 , in @entity1 with SV showed @entity18129 with no statistically significant difference in DPOAE. To determine the effect of the lesion side on cochlear function, we compared DPOAE amplitude using Student's t-test. The comparisons included NSV of the face vs. NSV on other areas, NSV of the face vs. SV of the face and SV of the face vs. SV of other areas. No statistically significant difference was found in these comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: @entity18129 is common in both NSV and SV and does not reflect the appearance of @entity1694 in the skin. Our results underscore the important role of melanocytes and melanin in cochlear function, and suggest that the @entity18129 in SV point to the presence of additional nonsegmental pathophysiological events underlying all forms of @entity1694 .

title: Most individuals with either segmental or nonsegmental XXXX display evidence of bilateral @entity18129 .

answer: @entity1694 :: (MESH:D014820,Disease) :: ['vitiligo']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) type II is increasing rapidly worldwide. @entity1 with @entity6 II have a greater atherosclerotic burden and higher risk of developing @entity65 . @entity32 has been proposed as the main cause for the high risk of @entity731 in @entity6 II. In this study, we compared markers of @entity32 and fibrous repair in plaques from subjects with and without @entity6 II. APPROACH AND RESULTS: Carotid endarterectomy specimens were obtained from 63 @entity1 with and 131 without @entity6 . Plaque structure, connective tissue proteins, inflammatory cells, and markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, ELISA, Mesoscale, and Luminex technology. Carotid plaques from @entity6 had lower levels of extracellular matrix proteins, @entity2362 , and collagen, which are critical for plaque stability. Plaques from @entity6 had reduced levels of platelet-derived growth factor and @entity1476 , both important for tissue repair. No differences were observed in inflammatory markers in plaques from @entity6 and nondiabetic @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This study suggests that @entity731 in subjects with @entity6 II are more prone to rupture because of impaired repair responses rather than to @entity32 . Although this study did not have a mechanistic design, our findings suggest that targeting impaired repair responses in carotid plaques may help to increase our understanding of @entity731 development and vulnerability in @entity1 with @entity6 II.

title: Impaired fibrous repair: a possible contributor to XXXX vulnerability in @entity1 with type II diabetes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation', 'increased vascular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetic', 'Diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity1476 :: ('4313', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-2']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic disease', 'atherosclerotic plaques', 'atherosclerotic plaque']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic plaque']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) type II is increasing rapidly worldwide. @entity1 with @entity6 II have a greater atherosclerotic burden and higher risk of developing @entity65 . @entity32 has been proposed as the main cause for the high risk of @entity731 in @entity6 II. In this study, we compared markers of @entity32 and fibrous repair in plaques from subjects with and without @entity6 II. APPROACH AND RESULTS: Carotid endarterectomy specimens were obtained from 63 @entity1 with and 131 without @entity6 . Plaque structure, connective tissue proteins, inflammatory cells, and markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, ELISA, Mesoscale, and Luminex technology. Carotid plaques from @entity6 had lower levels of extracellular matrix proteins, @entity2362 , and collagen, which are critical for plaque stability. Plaques from @entity6 had reduced levels of platelet-derived growth factor and @entity1476 , both important for tissue repair. No differences were observed in inflammatory markers in plaques from @entity6 and nondiabetic @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This study suggests that @entity731 in subjects with @entity6 II are more prone to rupture because of impaired repair responses rather than to @entity32 . Although this study did not have a mechanistic design, our findings suggest that targeting impaired repair responses in carotid plaques may help to increase our understanding of @entity731 development and vulnerability in @entity1 with @entity6 II.

title: Impaired fibrous repair: a possible contributor to @entity731 vulnerability in XXXX with type II diabetes.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rituximab, a monoclonal anti- @entity2225 antibody, has been used with encouraging results in @entity7271 . We describe herein refractory cases of @entity7271 (n = 23) and @entity7271 foliaceus (n = 1) treated with rituximab in addition to @entity230 and immunosuppressants. AIMS: To assess the response to treatment, the duration of clinical remission, serology of the response and adverse effects of rituximab in @entity7271 @entity1 . METHODS: We recorded observations of 24 @entity1 with @entity7271 having either refractory disease in spite of high dose of @entity230 and immunosuppressants, corticosteroid-dependent disease, strong contraindications to @entity288 , or severe disease. The @entity1 were treated with infusions of one injection per week for three consecutive weeks of 375 mg of rituximab per m    of body-surface area. One similar infusion was repeated after 3 months of 3 rd dose. We observed the clinical outcome after 6 months of 3 rd dose of rituximab and looked for complete healing of @entity3137 (complete remission). OBSERVATIONS: After follow-up of 7-24 months, five @entity1 showed only partial improvement while 19 of 24 @entity1 had a complete remission 3 months after rituximab. Of these 19 @entity1 , 12 @entity1 achieved complete remission and are off all systemic therapy, and the rest are continuing with no or low dose of @entity230 with immunosuppressants. Two @entity1 relapsed after initial improvement; one was given moderate dose of oral @entity230 and immunosuppressant and the other was given repeat single dose of rituximab to control relapse. CONCLUSION: Rituximab is able to induce a prolonged clinical remission in @entity7271 after a single course of four infusions. The high cost and limited knowledge of long term adverse effects are limitations to the use of this biologic agent.

title: Intermediate doses of rituximab used as adjuvant therapy in refractory XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7271 :: ('MESH:D010392', 'Disease') :: ['pemphigus vulgaris', 'pemphigus']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous and mucosal lesions']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity7271 :: (MESH:D010392,Disease) :: ['pemphigus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Knowledge and attitude regarding @entity34 ( @entity34 ) is one of the important parameters for acceptance of @entity34 as a safe and effective treatment option. Several factors shape the knowledge and attitude of general @entity1 such as previous experience of @entity34 , sources of their information about @entity34 and prevailing myths about @entity34 . The present study attempted to examine the knowledge and attitude concerning @entity34 among @entity1 with @entity146 and their relatives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Knowledge and attitudes regarding @entity34 were assessed using the Bengali version of the @entity34 knowledge and attitude questionnaires, between 100 clinically stable @entity1 with mental illnesses and their healthy relatives. RESULTS: Majority of the @entity1 and relatives were unaware of the basic facts about @entity34 . Relatives were somewhat better informed and more positive about @entity34 than @entity1 , but the differences between the two groups were not significant. Previous experience of @entity34 did not have any major impact in knowledge and attitude in both @entity1 and relative groups. @entity1 obtained information, mostly from media (44%), doctors (23%), and from personal experiences (13%). On the other hand, relatives obtained information almost equally from media (26%), doctors (27%), and experience of friends or relatives (28%). No significant difference was observed in knowledge and attitude in @entity1 who had obtained their facts from doctors (n=23) and from other sources (n=77). Among relatives, those who had obtained their information from doctors (n=27) were better informed than those who had obtained so from other sources (n=73). CONCLUSIONS: Since @entity1 and relatives have poor knowledge and negative attitude toward @entity34 , medical professionals should impart proper information about @entity34 to @entity1 and relatives to increase the acceptability of this treatment.

title: Knowledge and Attitude of @entity1 with XXXX and their Relatives Toward Electroconvulsive Therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['ECT', 'electroconvulsive therapy']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Psychiatric Disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Knowledge and attitude regarding @entity34 ( @entity34 ) is one of the important parameters for acceptance of @entity34 as a safe and effective treatment option. Several factors shape the knowledge and attitude of general @entity1 such as previous experience of @entity34 , sources of their information about @entity34 and prevailing myths about @entity34 . The present study attempted to examine the knowledge and attitude concerning @entity34 among @entity1 with @entity146 and their relatives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Knowledge and attitudes regarding @entity34 were assessed using the Bengali version of the @entity34 knowledge and attitude questionnaires, between 100 clinically stable @entity1 with mental illnesses and their healthy relatives. RESULTS: Majority of the @entity1 and relatives were unaware of the basic facts about @entity34 . Relatives were somewhat better informed and more positive about @entity34 than @entity1 , but the differences between the two groups were not significant. Previous experience of @entity34 did not have any major impact in knowledge and attitude in both @entity1 and relative groups. @entity1 obtained information, mostly from media (44%), doctors (23%), and from personal experiences (13%). On the other hand, relatives obtained information almost equally from media (26%), doctors (27%), and experience of friends or relatives (28%). No significant difference was observed in knowledge and attitude in @entity1 who had obtained their facts from doctors (n=23) and from other sources (n=77). Among relatives, those who had obtained their information from doctors (n=27) were better informed than those who had obtained so from other sources (n=73). CONCLUSIONS: Since @entity1 and relatives have poor knowledge and negative attitude toward @entity34 , medical professionals should impart proper information about @entity34 to @entity1 and relatives to increase the acceptability of this treatment.

title: Knowledge and Attitude of XXXX with @entity146 and their Relatives Toward Electroconvulsive Therapy.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Care provided by student doctors and nurses is well received by @entity1 in hospital and primary care settings. Whether the same is true for aged care residents of nursing homes with mild @entity73 and their family members is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the perspectives of aged care residents with mild @entity73 and their family members on interdisciplinary student placements in two residential aged care facilities (RACF) in Tasmania. DESIGN, SETTING AND @entity1 : A mixed methods design was employed with both qualitative and quantitative data collected. All @entity1 were interviewed and completed a questionnaire on residents' quality of life, during or after a period of student placements in each facility (October-November, 2012). Qualitative data were coded for themes following a grounded theory approach, and quantitative data were analysed using SPSS. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity1 (13 residents and 8 family members) were recruited. Four themes were identified from the qualitative data and included (i) increased social interaction and facility vibrancy; (ii) community service and personal development, (iii) vulnerability and sensitivity (learning to care) and (iv) increased capacity and the confidence of enhanced care. Residents' quality of life was reported to be mostly good in the presence of the students, despite their high care needs. CONCLUSION: Residents with mild @entity73 and their family members perceive a wide array of benefits of student provided care in RACFs including increased social interaction. Future quantitative research should focus on whether changes in care occur for residents as a result of student involvement.

title: Residents with mild XXXX and family members report health students 'enhance capacity of care' and bring 'a new breath of life' in two aged care facilities in Tasmania.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive decline']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the health care experiences of 34 individuals with coexisting @entity734 ( @entity734 ) and @entity1118 . DESIGN: Narrative inquiry qualitative study of 90-minute interviews. SETTING: Midwest metropolitan @entity284 clinic. SUBJECTS: All individuals had @entity734 and were treated for @entity734 with @entity284 . They all self-identified as having @entity158 longer than 6 months. METHODS: This qualitative design allowed exploration of how @entity1 made sense of events related to living with @entity734 and @entity1118 . Narrative inquiry gives a consistent story from the @entity1 ' perspective, and researchers can perform additional analysis using the storyline. Thematic analysis occurred of their health care experiences. RESULTS: Results revealed that @entity1 1) spoke about how they used deception to obtain opioids when their drug cravings were out of control; 2) were disturbed by health care providers having little understanding or ability to help them with their painful condition; 3) felt they wanted to abuse opioids again when receiving poor treatment by the health care team; 4) related what went well in their health care to help them maintain their sobriety; and 5) recommended improvements on health care interventions that included effective treatment of @entity158 . CONCLUSIONS: Coexisting @entity1118 and @entity734 create unique health care needs by mutually activating and potentiating the other. There are very few comparable studies exploring the experiences of individuals when @entity158 and @entity734 coexist. The health care team can better develop treatment plans and test interventions sensitive to their unique needs when they understand the experiences of this population.

title: Health Care Experiences when XXXX and Substance Use Disorder Coexist: "Just Because I'm an Addict Doesn't Mean I Don't Have @entity158 ".

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance use disorder', 'SUD']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the health care experiences of 34 individuals with coexisting @entity734 ( @entity734 ) and @entity1118 . DESIGN: Narrative inquiry qualitative study of 90-minute interviews. SETTING: Midwest metropolitan @entity284 clinic. SUBJECTS: All individuals had @entity734 and were treated for @entity734 with @entity284 . They all self-identified as having @entity158 longer than 6 months. METHODS: This qualitative design allowed exploration of how @entity1 made sense of events related to living with @entity734 and @entity1118 . Narrative inquiry gives a consistent story from the @entity1 ' perspective, and researchers can perform additional analysis using the storyline. Thematic analysis occurred of their health care experiences. RESULTS: Results revealed that @entity1 1) spoke about how they used deception to obtain opioids when their drug cravings were out of control; 2) were disturbed by health care providers having little understanding or ability to help them with their painful condition; 3) felt they wanted to abuse opioids again when receiving poor treatment by the health care team; 4) related what went well in their health care to help them maintain their sobriety; and 5) recommended improvements on health care interventions that included effective treatment of @entity158 . CONCLUSIONS: Coexisting @entity1118 and @entity734 create unique health care needs by mutually activating and potentiating the other. There are very few comparable studies exploring the experiences of individuals when @entity158 and @entity734 coexist. The health care team can better develop treatment plans and test interventions sensitive to their unique needs when they understand the experiences of this population.

title: Health Care Experiences when @entity158 and Substance Use Disorder Coexist: "Just Because I'm an Addict Doesn't Mean I Don't Have XXXX ".

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is a progressive @entity179 . @entity1 with @entity191 often present with abnormal posturing. PURPOSE: To investigate coronal @entity85 in @entity1 with @entity191 , and to evaluate the correlation between clinical features, coronal parameters related to spine alignment, and disease severity. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. @entity1 SAMPLE: Eighty-nine @entity1 with @entity191 and 89 controls were included. OUTCOME MEASURES: A medical history was collected from the medical records. METHODS: This study was a prospective assessment of consecutive @entity1 with @entity191 . Clinical and demographic parameters were collected from medical records and outpatient interviews. Full-length standing anteroposterior and lateral spine radiographs were used to assess the spinal parameters. The threshold for @entity1635 was set at a 10   Cobb angle, and the curve type was classified using Schwab classification. RESULTS: A total of 178 @entity1 (89 in @entity191 and 89 in control groups) were included. @entity1635 was identified in 27 @entity1 (30%) and 22 controls (p=.502). However, coronal imbalance was more common in @entity1 with @entity191 than in controls (11 vs. 0 @entity1 , p=.001). @entity1635 was more common in @entity1 than in @entity1 (male:female=8:19, p=.04). Back @entity158 was more common in @entity1 with @entity1635 than in those without @entity1635 (14 of 27 vs. 17 of 62, p=.036). Schwab Type IV (thoracolumbar major) was the most common type of @entity1635 in @entity1 with @entity191 and Type V (lumbar major) was the most common type in controls. With adjustment for @entity1 age and gender, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that severity of @entity191 (Unified @entity191 Rating Scale, p=.037) and magnitude of global @entity893 (p=.003) were associated with the @entity1635 Cobb angle (p=.037, B=0.139). Direction of @entity1635 and side of global @entity893 were not significantly correlated with the laterality of predominant @entity191 symptoms (p>.05). CONCLUSIONS: Global @entity893 is more prevalent in @entity1 with @entity191 than in controls. Greater severity of @entity191 was significantly associated with greater magnitude of @entity1635 Cobb angle, even after adjusting for the effects of @entity1 age and gender. However, direction of @entity1635 and side of global @entity893 were not significantly associated with the dominant laterality of @entity191 symptoms.

title: XXXX and @entity191 : prevalence and associations with disease severity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENT', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['Scoliosis', 'scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's Disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative disorder of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['plane deformities']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['coronal malalignment']

answer: @entity893 :: (MESH:D017760,Disease) :: ['Coronal plane spinal malalignment']


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is a progressive @entity179 . @entity1 with @entity191 often present with abnormal posturing. PURPOSE: To investigate coronal @entity85 in @entity1 with @entity191 , and to evaluate the correlation between clinical features, coronal parameters related to spine alignment, and disease severity. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. @entity1 SAMPLE: Eighty-nine @entity1 with @entity191 and 89 controls were included. OUTCOME MEASURES: A medical history was collected from the medical records. METHODS: This study was a prospective assessment of consecutive @entity1 with @entity191 . Clinical and demographic parameters were collected from medical records and outpatient interviews. Full-length standing anteroposterior and lateral spine radiographs were used to assess the spinal parameters. The threshold for @entity1635 was set at a 10   Cobb angle, and the curve type was classified using Schwab classification. RESULTS: A total of 178 @entity1 (89 in @entity191 and 89 in control groups) were included. @entity1635 was identified in 27 @entity1 (30%) and 22 controls (p=.502). However, coronal imbalance was more common in @entity1 with @entity191 than in controls (11 vs. 0 @entity1 , p=.001). @entity1635 was more common in @entity1 than in @entity1 (male:female=8:19, p=.04). Back @entity158 was more common in @entity1 with @entity1635 than in those without @entity1635 (14 of 27 vs. 17 of 62, p=.036). Schwab Type IV (thoracolumbar major) was the most common type of @entity1635 in @entity1 with @entity191 and Type V (lumbar major) was the most common type in controls. With adjustment for @entity1 age and gender, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that severity of @entity191 (Unified @entity191 Rating Scale, p=.037) and magnitude of global @entity893 (p=.003) were associated with the @entity1635 Cobb angle (p=.037, B=0.139). Direction of @entity1635 and side of global @entity893 were not significantly correlated with the laterality of predominant @entity191 symptoms (p>.05). CONCLUSIONS: Global @entity893 is more prevalent in @entity1 with @entity191 than in controls. Greater severity of @entity191 was significantly associated with greater magnitude of @entity1635 Cobb angle, even after adjusting for the effects of @entity1 age and gender. However, direction of @entity1635 and side of global @entity893 were not significantly associated with the dominant laterality of @entity191 symptoms.

title: @entity893 and XXXX : prevalence and associations with disease severity.

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: AIM: To review our outcomes and compare the results of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) to other implants for @entity174 management at a regional Australian hospital. METHODS: The @entity3 is a novel implant for the management of @entity174 . It is, however, technically demanding and treatment results have not yet been assessed outside tertiary centres. Twenty-seven @entity1 with 28 @entity174 who had been managed surgically at the Mackay Base Hospital from January 2004 to December 2010 were retrospectively enrolled and assessed clinically and radiologically. Outcomes were union, @entity158 , Lysholm score, knee range of motion, and complication rates. RESULTS: Twenty @entity174 were managed with the @entity3 and eight @entity174 were managed with alternative implants. Analysis of the surgical techniques revealed that 11 @entity174 managed with the @entity3 were performed according to the recommended principles ( @entity3 -R) and 9 were not ( @entity3 -N). Union occurred in 67.9% of @entity174 overall: 9/11 (82%) in the @entity3 -R group vs 5/9 (56%) in the @entity3 -N group and 5/8 (62.5%) in the alternative implant group. There was no statistically significant difference between @entity158 , Lysholm score, and complication rates between the groups. However, there was a trend towards the @entity3 -R group having superior outcomes which were clinically significant. There was a statistically significant greater range of median knee flexion in the @entity3 -R group with compared to the @entity3 -N group (P = 0.0143) and compared with the alternative implant group (P = 0.0454). CONCLUSION: The trends towards the benefits of the @entity3 procedure when correctly applied would suggest that not only should the @entity3 procedure be performed for @entity174 , but the correct principle of insertion is important in improving the @entity1 's outcome.

title: Treatment of XXXX in a regional Australian hospital.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'distal femur fracture', 'distal femur fractures']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['LISS', 'Less Invasive Stabilization System']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['distal femur fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the utility of @entity1904 (PCT) and other clinical and analytical parameters as markers of acute and permanent @entity8 in @entity1 after a first febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). METHODS: Retrospective multicentre study. Statistical study: descriptive, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: 219 @entity1 , aged between 1 week and 14 years (68% under 1 year). The mean PCT values were significantly higher in @entity1 with acute @entity2885 with respect to normal acute @entity9409 (4.8 vs 1.44; p=0.0001), without achieving that signification for late affected @entity9409 (6.5 vs 5.05; p=0.6). The area under the ROC curve for PCT was 0.64 (CI 95% 0.55-0.72) for @entity810 , and 0.62 (CI 95% 0.44-0.80) for permanent damage, with optimum statistical cut-off values of 0.85 and 1.17ng/ml. Multivariate analysis for @entity810 only found correlation with PCT (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.2 (CI 95% 1.06-1.4, p=0.005), and hours of @entity221 (OR for less than 6 hours of @entity221 0.4 (CI 95% 0.2-1.02, p=0.05). In @entity1 with @entity8 , PCT showed an OR 1.0 (CI 95% 0.9-1.1, p=0.6). CONCLUSIONS: PCT and the duration of @entity221 were the only parameters statistically associated with early @entity8 did not reach statistical significance.

title: Predictive factors for XXXX in febrile urinary tract infection. Usefulness of @entity1904 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage. PCT and renal scarring', 'renal damage', 'renal scarring']

entities_list: @entity1904 :: ('MESH:C029100', 'Chemical') :: ['procalcitonin']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal damage']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['kidney damage']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the utility of @entity1904 (PCT) and other clinical and analytical parameters as markers of acute and permanent @entity8 in @entity1 after a first febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). METHODS: Retrospective multicentre study. Statistical study: descriptive, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: 219 @entity1 , aged between 1 week and 14 years (68% under 1 year). The mean PCT values were significantly higher in @entity1 with acute @entity2885 with respect to normal acute @entity9409 (4.8 vs 1.44; p=0.0001), without achieving that signification for late affected @entity9409 (6.5 vs 5.05; p=0.6). The area under the ROC curve for PCT was 0.64 (CI 95% 0.55-0.72) for @entity810 , and 0.62 (CI 95% 0.44-0.80) for permanent damage, with optimum statistical cut-off values of 0.85 and 1.17ng/ml. Multivariate analysis for @entity810 only found correlation with PCT (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.2 (CI 95% 1.06-1.4, p=0.005), and hours of @entity221 (OR for less than 6 hours of @entity221 0.4 (CI 95% 0.2-1.02, p=0.05). In @entity1 with @entity8 , PCT showed an OR 1.0 (CI 95% 0.9-1.1, p=0.6). CONCLUSIONS: PCT and the duration of @entity221 were the only parameters statistically associated with early @entity8 did not reach statistical significance.

title: Predictive factors for @entity8 in febrile urinary tract infection. Usefulness of XXXX .

answer: @entity1904 :: (MESH:C029100,Chemical) :: ['procalcitonin']


abstract: Data on the effectiveness of implantable @entity737 ( @entity737 ) with respect to reducing mortality in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity454 ( @entity454 ) are lacking. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the mortality of @entity1 with @entity454 who have received and not received an @entity1479 . A search was conducted on January 31, 2013 of Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected for inclusion based on the following criteria. 1) Randomized controlled trial. 2) @entity454 @entity1 with @entity712 . 3) Device therapy ( @entity1479 , CRT-defibrillator [CRT-D]) used to treat @entity712 . 4) Primary outcome is survival analysis. 5) Retrospective study if survival analysis was performed. The primary outcome was @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and the secondary outcome was 2-year survival. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, and a   2-based test of homogeneity was performed. Three studies were included in the analysis. The combined OR for @entity1349 was 2.245 (95% CI 1.871 to 2.685, P<0.001), indicating that @entity1 with an @entity1479 had a significantly higher @entity1349 than those without an @entity1479 . The combined OR for 2-year survival was 2.312 (95% CI 1.921 to 2.784, P<0.001), indicating that @entity1 with an @entity1479 had a significantly higher 2-year survival rate than those without an @entity1479 . The use of @entity1479 in @entity1 with @entity454 is associated with an increase in the @entity1349 and the 2-year survival rate.

title: A meta-analysis of mortality in XXXX @entity1 receiving @entity737 ( @entity737 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICDs', 'implantable cardioverter defibrillators']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity454 :: (MESH:D007676,Disease) :: ['end-stage renal disease']


abstract: Data on the effectiveness of implantable @entity737 ( @entity737 ) with respect to reducing mortality in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity454 ( @entity454 ) are lacking. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the mortality of @entity1 with @entity454 who have received and not received an @entity1479 . A search was conducted on January 31, 2013 of Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected for inclusion based on the following criteria. 1) Randomized controlled trial. 2) @entity454 @entity1 with @entity712 . 3) Device therapy ( @entity1479 , CRT-defibrillator [CRT-D]) used to treat @entity712 . 4) Primary outcome is survival analysis. 5) Retrospective study if survival analysis was performed. The primary outcome was @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and the secondary outcome was 2-year survival. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, and a   2-based test of homogeneity was performed. Three studies were included in the analysis. The combined OR for @entity1349 was 2.245 (95% CI 1.871 to 2.685, P<0.001), indicating that @entity1 with an @entity1479 had a significantly higher @entity1349 than those without an @entity1479 . The combined OR for 2-year survival was 2.312 (95% CI 1.921 to 2.784, P<0.001), indicating that @entity1 with an @entity1479 had a significantly higher 2-year survival rate than those without an @entity1479 . The use of @entity1479 in @entity1 with @entity454 is associated with an increase in the @entity1349 and the 2-year survival rate.

title: A meta-analysis of mortality in @entity454 @entity1 receiving XXXX ( @entity737 ).

answer: @entity737 :: (MESH:D057873,Disease) :: ['implantable cardioverter defibrillators']


abstract: Data on the effectiveness of implantable @entity737 ( @entity737 ) with respect to reducing mortality in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity454 ( @entity454 ) are lacking. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the mortality of @entity1 with @entity454 who have received and not received an @entity1479 . A search was conducted on January 31, 2013 of Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected for inclusion based on the following criteria. 1) Randomized controlled trial. 2) @entity454 @entity1 with @entity712 . 3) Device therapy ( @entity1479 , CRT-defibrillator [CRT-D]) used to treat @entity712 . 4) Primary outcome is survival analysis. 5) Retrospective study if survival analysis was performed. The primary outcome was @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and the secondary outcome was 2-year survival. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, and a   2-based test of homogeneity was performed. Three studies were included in the analysis. The combined OR for @entity1349 was 2.245 (95% CI 1.871 to 2.685, P<0.001), indicating that @entity1 with an @entity1479 had a significantly higher @entity1349 than those without an @entity1479 . The combined OR for 2-year survival was 2.312 (95% CI 1.921 to 2.784, P<0.001), indicating that @entity1 with an @entity1479 had a significantly higher 2-year survival rate than those without an @entity1479 . The use of @entity1479 in @entity1 with @entity454 is associated with an increase in the @entity1349 and the 2-year survival rate.

title: A meta-analysis of mortality in @entity454 @entity1 receiving @entity737 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity737 :: (MESH:D057873,Disease) :: ['ICDs']


abstract: Data on the effectiveness of implantable @entity737 ( @entity737 ) with respect to reducing mortality in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and @entity454 ( @entity454 ) are lacking. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the mortality of @entity1 with @entity454 who have received and not received an @entity1479 . A search was conducted on January 31, 2013 of Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected for inclusion based on the following criteria. 1) Randomized controlled trial. 2) @entity454 @entity1 with @entity712 . 3) Device therapy ( @entity1479 , CRT-defibrillator [CRT-D]) used to treat @entity712 . 4) Primary outcome is survival analysis. 5) Retrospective study if survival analysis was performed. The primary outcome was @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and the secondary outcome was 2-year survival. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, and a   2-based test of homogeneity was performed. Three studies were included in the analysis. The combined OR for @entity1349 was 2.245 (95% CI 1.871 to 2.685, P<0.001), indicating that @entity1 with an @entity1479 had a significantly higher @entity1349 than those without an @entity1479 . The combined OR for 2-year survival was 2.312 (95% CI 1.921 to 2.784, P<0.001), indicating that @entity1 with an @entity1479 had a significantly higher 2-year survival rate than those without an @entity1479 . The use of @entity1479 in @entity1 with @entity454 is associated with an increase in the @entity1349 and the 2-year survival rate.

title: A meta-analysis of mortality in @entity454 XXXX receiving @entity737 ( @entity737 ).

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity32 and apoptosis play critical roles in the acute progression of @entity63 pathology. Emerging evidence indicates that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) following focal @entity2806 and reperfusion (I/R) may be neuroprotective by limiting @entity1188 size. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether the protective effects of VNS in acute cerebral I/R injury were associated with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic processes. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) @entity35 underwent VNS at 30 min after focal cerebral I/R surgery. Twenty-four h after reperfusion, neurological deficit scores, @entity1188 volume, and neuronal apoptosis were evaluated. In addition, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected using enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence staining for the endogenous "cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway" was also performed. The protein expression of a7 nicotinic @entity934 receptor (a7nAchR), phosphorylated @entity2308 (p- @entity2308 ), and cleaved caspase 3 in @entity63 penumbra were determined with Western blot analysis. I/ @entity5698 treated with VNS (I/R+VNS) had significantly better neurological deficit scores, reduced @entity385 , and decreased number of TdT mediated @entity1977 nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells. Furthermore, in the @entity63 penumbra of the I/R+VNS group, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cleaved caspase 3 protein were significantly decreased, and the levels of a7nAchR and phosphorylated @entity2308 were significantly increased relative to the I/R alone group. These results indicate that VNS is neuroprotective in acute cerebral I/R injury by suppressing @entity32 and apoptosis via activation of cholinergic and a7nAchR/ @entity2308 pathways.

title: Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates XXXX and reperfusion injury via endogenous cholinergic pathway in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarct volume']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['cerebral ischemia']


abstract: @entity32 and apoptosis play critical roles in the acute progression of @entity63 pathology. Emerging evidence indicates that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) following focal @entity2806 and reperfusion (I/R) may be neuroprotective by limiting @entity1188 size. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether the protective effects of VNS in acute cerebral I/R injury were associated with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic processes. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) @entity35 underwent VNS at 30 min after focal cerebral I/R surgery. Twenty-four h after reperfusion, neurological deficit scores, @entity1188 volume, and neuronal apoptosis were evaluated. In addition, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected using enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence staining for the endogenous "cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway" was also performed. The protein expression of a7 nicotinic @entity934 receptor (a7nAchR), phosphorylated @entity2308 (p- @entity2308 ), and cleaved caspase 3 in @entity63 penumbra were determined with Western blot analysis. I/ @entity5698 treated with VNS (I/R+VNS) had significantly better neurological deficit scores, reduced @entity385 , and decreased number of TdT mediated @entity1977 nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells. Furthermore, in the @entity63 penumbra of the I/R+VNS group, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cleaved caspase 3 protein were significantly decreased, and the levels of a7nAchR and phosphorylated @entity2308 were significantly increased relative to the I/R alone group. These results indicate that VNS is neuroprotective in acute cerebral I/R injury by suppressing @entity32 and apoptosis via activation of cholinergic and a7nAchR/ @entity2308 pathways.

title: Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates @entity2806 and reperfusion injury via endogenous cholinergic pathway in XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The relationship between silent @entity528 (SNI) and arterial stiffness assessed by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) has not been evaluated in @entity1 treated with coronary angiography and intervention due to @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of CAVI in prediction of SNI after percutaneous coronary angiography and intervention in @entity1 presented with @entity1187 . METHODS: Eighty-three consecutive @entity1 presented with @entity1187 , who underwent percutaneous coronary angiography and intervention, were included in this prospective observational study on diagnostic accuracy. @entity3508 ( @entity3508 ) was studied before and 18 hour after the coronary angiography and intervention. CAVI was measured by VaSera-1000 instrument. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were analyzed and independent predictors of SNI were evaluated. Chi-square, Student t-test, Mann-Whithney U test, correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: @entity3508 levels significantly increased after cardiac catheterization (9.82  3.22 mg/dL vs. 13.15  8.55 mg/dL, p<0.001). CAVI (OR=2.992, 95% CI: 1.494-5.713, p=0.002), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR=0.911, 95% CI: 0.843-0.983, p=0.017) and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (OR=4.430, 95% CI: 1.034-18.97, p=0.045) were the independent predictors of SNI in logistic regression analysis. The cut-off value to show SNI for CAVI was 10.45 (sensitivity=71.8%, specificity=91.5%) in receiver operator charecteristic receiver operator charecteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The area under curve was 0.832 (95% CI=0.746-0.918, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Besides undergoing PCI and having LVEF, measurement of CAVI may be a useful tool for predicting the development of SNI after percutaneous coronary angiography and intervention in @entity1 with @entity1187 .

title: Cardio-ankle vascular index may be an important marker of silent XXXX after percutaneous coronary angiography and intervention: a prospective observational study on diagnostic accuracy.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome', 'ACS']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['NSE', 'Neuron specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal injury']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['neuronal injury']


abstract: There is increasing interest in the role of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in autoimmunity from the perspective of both their role in breach of tolerance and their effects on the natural history of disease progression. Indeed, the critical role of Tfh cells in autoimmunity is further highlighted based on their location in the germinal center (GC), a pathogenic hot spot for development of autoreactivity. To address the role of Tfh cells in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), we comprehensively evaluated the immunobiology of @entity22750 (+) @entity404 (+) Tfh cells in 69 @entity1 with PBC, including a nested subgroup of 16 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and 20 healthy controls (HC), followed for 1 year. We report herein several key observations. First, there was an increased frequency of circulating Tfh cells in @entity1 with PBC compared to AIH (P < 0.05) and HC (P < 0.01). Second, the function of circulating Tfh cells from PBC @entity1 , including interleukin (IL)-21 production (P < 0.05), the ability to promote B-cell maturation, and autoantibody production, were greater than HC. Third, the frequency of these cells was significantly decreased in @entity10055 ( @entity18253 ) responders compared to @entity18253 -treated nonresponders, in both cross-sectional (P = 0.023) and longitudinal studies (P = 0.036), respectively. Indeed, similar increases of Tfh cells were noted in liver and spleen. CONCLUSION: These results significantly extend our understanding of lymphoid subpopulations in PBC and their relative role in disease expression. Our data also provide a novel biomarker for evaluation of the effectiveness of new therapeutic approaches.

title: XXXX + @entity404 + T follicular helper cells participate in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis.

entities_list: @entity10055 :: ('MESH:D014580', 'Chemical') :: ['ursodeoxycholic acid']

answer: @entity22750 :: (643,Gene) :: ['CXCR5']


abstract: There is increasing interest in the role of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in autoimmunity from the perspective of both their role in breach of tolerance and their effects on the natural history of disease progression. Indeed, the critical role of Tfh cells in autoimmunity is further highlighted based on their location in the germinal center (GC), a pathogenic hot spot for development of autoreactivity. To address the role of Tfh cells in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), we comprehensively evaluated the immunobiology of @entity22750 (+) @entity404 (+) Tfh cells in 69 @entity1 with PBC, including a nested subgroup of 16 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and 20 healthy controls (HC), followed for 1 year. We report herein several key observations. First, there was an increased frequency of circulating Tfh cells in @entity1 with PBC compared to AIH (P < 0.05) and HC (P < 0.01). Second, the function of circulating Tfh cells from PBC @entity1 , including interleukin (IL)-21 production (P < 0.05), the ability to promote B-cell maturation, and autoantibody production, were greater than HC. Third, the frequency of these cells was significantly decreased in @entity10055 ( @entity18253 ) responders compared to @entity18253 -treated nonresponders, in both cross-sectional (P = 0.023) and longitudinal studies (P = 0.036), respectively. Indeed, similar increases of Tfh cells were noted in liver and spleen. CONCLUSION: These results significantly extend our understanding of lymphoid subpopulations in PBC and their relative role in disease expression. Our data also provide a novel biomarker for evaluation of the effectiveness of new therapeutic approaches.

title: @entity22750 + XXXX + T follicular helper cells participate in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis.

answer: @entity404 :: (920,Gene) :: ['CD4']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In @entity1 with space-occupying @entity2500 , surgical decompression strongly reduces risk of death and increases the chance of a favorable outcome. This comes at the expense of an increase in the risk of survival with (moderately) severe disability. We assessed quality of life, @entity308 , and caregiver burden in these @entity1 . SUMMARY OF REVIEW: We systematically reviewed the literature by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO up to March 2014. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and case series with quality of life, @entity308 , or caregiver burden as primary or secondary outcome. Seventeen articles reporting on 459 @entity1 were included. At final follow-up at 7 to 51 months, 1344 @entity1 (30%) had died, and 34 (11%) were lost to follow up. Data on 291 @entity1 were available, of whom 81 of 213 survivors (39%) achieved good functional outcome at final follow-up (modified Rankin Scale  <=3). Mean quality of life was 46% to 67% of the best possible score when based on questionnaires or visual analogue scales. At final follow-up, 143 of 189 @entity1 (76%) would in retrospect again choose for surgical decompression. Severe @entity308 were present in 14 of 113 @entity1 (16%). Three studies investigated caregiver burden and reported substantial burden. @entity1 more than 60 years old had a lower quality of life in comparison with younger @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity1 treated with surgical decompression for space-occupying @entity1188 have a reasonable quality of life at long-term follow-up and are satisfied with the treatment received. Severe @entity308 are uncommon.

title: Quality of life after surgical decompression for space-occupying XXXX : Systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery infarction']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

answer: @entity2500 :: (MESH:D020244,Disease) :: ['middle cerebral artery infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Shoulder @entity158 and @entity409 after neck dissection may result from @entity9286 . The effect of early physical therapy in the form of intensive scapular strengthening exercises is unknown. METHODS: A total of 59 neck dissection @entity1 were prospectively recruited for this study. @entity1 were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 32), consisting of progressive scapular strengthening exercises for 12 weeks, or the control group (n = 29). Blinded assessment occurred at baseline, and at 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: Three-month data were collected on 52 @entity1 /53 shoulders. Per-protocol analysis demonstrated that the intervention group had statistically significantly higher active shoulder abduction at 3 months compared to the control group (+26.6  ; 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.28-45.95; p = .007). CONCLUSION: The intervention is a favorable treatment for maximizing shoulder abduction in the short term. The effect of the intervention compared to usual care is uncertain in the longer term.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1022-1031, 2015.

title: Maximizing shoulder function after XXXX and neck dissection surgery: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity9286 :: ('MESH:D061227', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the accessory nerve']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['dysfunction']

answer: @entity9286 :: (MESH:D061227,Disease) :: ['accessory nerve injury']