abstract: INTRODUCTION: Breakfast is considered the most important meal of the day in an equilibrated diet. Skipping breakfast has been associated with @entity2973 . This study aimed to describe @entity2973 and @entity28 among high school students in Barcelona and to analyze their association with eating habits and @entity146 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in 2008 on a representative sample of high-school students in Barcelona (Spain). Overweight and @entity28 were defined using Body Mass Index (BMI), which was calculated from objective measurements. The prevalences of @entity2973 and @entity28 were determined, and their association with eating habits, @entity146 , and physical activity was analyzed using logistic regression models. RESULTS: A total of 3,089 students were analyzed (52% @entity1 ). The prevalence of @entity2973 was 26.1% in @entity1 (6.2% obese) and 20.6% in @entity1 (3.7% obese). In both sexes, @entity2973 was associated with being younger, having breakfast less often, being on a diet, and with a lower frequency of unhealthy food intake. Being on a diet and a lower unhealthy food intake were related to @entity28 in both sexes. Among @entity1 , @entity28 was also associated with @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: The results show that @entity2973 and @entity28 are a serious public health problem and confirm the importance of breakfast to prevent @entity2973 . Moreover, these results allow us to expand our knowledge on the factors associated with @entity2973 and @entity28 in order to improve current school preventive programs.

title: [Eating habits, @entity146 and XXXX among adolescents in Barcelona (Spain)].

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sedentary behaviors']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2973 :: ('MESH:D050177', 'Disease') :: ['overweight']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Breakfast is considered the most important meal of the day in an equilibrated diet. Skipping breakfast has been associated with @entity2973 . This study aimed to describe @entity2973 and @entity28 among high school students in Barcelona and to analyze their association with eating habits and @entity146 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in 2008 on a representative sample of high-school students in Barcelona (Spain). Overweight and @entity28 were defined using Body Mass Index (BMI), which was calculated from objective measurements. The prevalences of @entity2973 and @entity28 were determined, and their association with eating habits, @entity146 , and physical activity was analyzed using logistic regression models. RESULTS: A total of 3,089 students were analyzed (52% @entity1 ). The prevalence of @entity2973 was 26.1% in @entity1 (6.2% obese) and 20.6% in @entity1 (3.7% obese). In both sexes, @entity2973 was associated with being younger, having breakfast less often, being on a diet, and with a lower frequency of unhealthy food intake. Being on a diet and a lower unhealthy food intake were related to @entity28 in both sexes. Among @entity1 , @entity28 was also associated with @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: The results show that @entity2973 and @entity28 are a serious public health problem and confirm the importance of breakfast to prevent @entity2973 . Moreover, these results allow us to expand our knowledge on the factors associated with @entity2973 and @entity28 in order to improve current school preventive programs.

title: [Eating habits, XXXX and @entity28 among adolescents in Barcelona (Spain)].

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['sedentary behaviors and overweight']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity99 ( @entity99 ) has been linked to higher real-life rates of automobile crashes and poor performance in driving simulation studies, but the link between driving simulator performance and real-life automobile crashes has not been clearly established. Furthermore, not all @entity1 with @entity99 are unsafe drivers, but it is unclear how to distinguish them from unsafe drivers. We investigated the link between performance on driving simulators and real-life automobile accidents and traffic violations. We also aimed to identify features of unsafe drivers with @entity82 and evaluated changes in simulated driving skills and @entity99 status after 1 year. METHODS: We performed a study of outpatients with @entity82 (n  = 205; median 55 years old; median model for @entity3851 score, 9.5; none with overt @entity99 or @entity285 or illicit drug use within previous 6 months) seen at the Virginia Commonwealth University and McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, from November 2008 through April 2014. All @entity1 were given paper-pencil tests to diagnose @entity99 (98 had @entity99 ; 48%), and 163 @entity1 completed a standardized driving simulation. Data were collected on traffic violations and automobile accidents from the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles and from @entity1 ' self-assessments when they entered the study, and from 73 @entity1 1 year later. @entity1 also completed a questionnaire about @entity285 use and cessation patterns. The driving simulator measured crashes, run-time, road center and edge excursions, and illegal turns during navigation; before and after each driving simulation session, @entity1 were asked to rate their overall driving skills. Drivers were classified as safe or unsafe based on crashes and violations reported on official driving records; simulation results were compared with real-life driving records. Multivariable regression analyses of real-life crashes and violations was performed using data on demographics, @entity82 details, @entity99 status, and @entity285 cessation patterns, at baseline and at 1 year. RESULTS: Drivers categorized as unsafe had more crashes and made more illegal turns on the driving simulator than drivers categorized as safe; a higher proportion of subjects with @entity99 were categorized as unsafe drivers at baseline (16%) than subjects without @entity99 (7%; P  = .02), and at 1-year follow-up (18% vs 0%; P  = .02). @entity285 cessation within <1 year and illegal turns during simulator navigation tasks were associated with real-life automobile crashes and @entity99 in regression analysis; road edge excursions in the simulator were associated with real-life traffic violations. Personal assessment of driving skills improved after each simulation episode. CONCLUSIONS: In a study of 205 @entity1 with @entity82 , we associated results from driving simulation tests with real-life driving records and @entity99 . Traffic safety counseling should focus on @entity1 with @entity82 who recently quit consuming @entity285 and perform poorly on driving simulation.

title: In @entity1 With XXXX , Driving Simulator Performance Is  Associated With Real-life Driving.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity285 :: ('D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy', 'Minimal hepatic encephalopathy', 'MHE']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['Cirrhosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity99 ( @entity99 ) has been linked to higher real-life rates of automobile crashes and poor performance in driving simulation studies, but the link between driving simulator performance and real-life automobile crashes has not been clearly established. Furthermore, not all @entity1 with @entity99 are unsafe drivers, but it is unclear how to distinguish them from unsafe drivers. We investigated the link between performance on driving simulators and real-life automobile accidents and traffic violations. We also aimed to identify features of unsafe drivers with @entity82 and evaluated changes in simulated driving skills and @entity99 status after 1 year. METHODS: We performed a study of outpatients with @entity82 (n  = 205; median 55 years old; median model for @entity3851 score, 9.5; none with overt @entity99 or @entity285 or illicit drug use within previous 6 months) seen at the Virginia Commonwealth University and McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, from November 2008 through April 2014. All @entity1 were given paper-pencil tests to diagnose @entity99 (98 had @entity99 ; 48%), and 163 @entity1 completed a standardized driving simulation. Data were collected on traffic violations and automobile accidents from the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles and from @entity1 ' self-assessments when they entered the study, and from 73 @entity1 1 year later. @entity1 also completed a questionnaire about @entity285 use and cessation patterns. The driving simulator measured crashes, run-time, road center and edge excursions, and illegal turns during navigation; before and after each driving simulation session, @entity1 were asked to rate their overall driving skills. Drivers were classified as safe or unsafe based on crashes and violations reported on official driving records; simulation results were compared with real-life driving records. Multivariable regression analyses of real-life crashes and violations was performed using data on demographics, @entity82 details, @entity99 status, and @entity285 cessation patterns, at baseline and at 1 year. RESULTS: Drivers categorized as unsafe had more crashes and made more illegal turns on the driving simulator than drivers categorized as safe; a higher proportion of subjects with @entity99 were categorized as unsafe drivers at baseline (16%) than subjects without @entity99 (7%; P  = .02), and at 1-year follow-up (18% vs 0%; P  = .02). @entity285 cessation within <1 year and illegal turns during simulator navigation tasks were associated with real-life automobile crashes and @entity99 in regression analysis; road edge excursions in the simulator were associated with real-life traffic violations. Personal assessment of driving skills improved after each simulation episode. CONCLUSIONS: In a study of 205 @entity1 with @entity82 , we associated results from driving simulation tests with real-life driving records and @entity99 . Traffic safety counseling should focus on @entity1 with @entity82 who recently quit consuming @entity285 and perform poorly on driving simulation.

title: In XXXX With @entity82 , Driving Simulator Performance Is  Associated With Real-life Driving.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity417 is present in 20% of @entity2720 @entity1 . Current preoperative treatment options, including @entity68 supplementation (FE) and @entity1307 ( @entity1307 ), are expensive. @entity927 ( @entity928 ) has been adopted as an intraoperative adjunct to decrease @entity190 . Our hypothesis is that @entity928 is a cost-effective treatment compared to FE and @entity1307 in anemic @entity1 . METHODS: In this study, a cost analysis was performed, comparing the material costs of @entity928 and packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to the theoretical administration and material costs of FE and @entity1307 per standard @entity417 protocol. RESULTS: A total of 243 @entity1 were included in the study. Of this group, 18.5% (45/243) had @entity417 . The rate of transfusion was 6.7% (3/45), and 5 units of PRBCs was transfused. The combined cost of @entity928 and PRBCs was  5317.08. Even assuming a best-case scenario with FE or @entity1307 treatment without a postoperative PRBC requirement, the cost of treatment would range from 2 to 17 times more than treatment with @entity928 . An additional 50 units of PRBC (1.1 units per @entity1 ) would need to be transfused for the cost of @entity928 treatment to be equivalent to FE or @entity1307 treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity927 is significantly less expensive than FE or @entity1307 as a treatment option for @entity2720 @entity1 presenting with @entity417 . It is a cost-effective adjunct for limiting transfusion rates in this @entity1 population. We recommend that new @entity417 levels that necessitate preoperative intervention be established.

title: Cost Analysis of XXXX in Anemic Total Joint Arthroplasty @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative anemia', 'Preoperative anemia']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin', 'EPO']

entities_list: @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['Tranexamic acid']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['total joint arthroplasty']

answer: @entity927 :: (MESH:D014148,Chemical) :: ['Tranexamic Acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity417 is present in 20% of @entity2720 @entity1 . Current preoperative treatment options, including @entity68 supplementation (FE) and @entity1307 ( @entity1307 ), are expensive. @entity927 ( @entity928 ) has been adopted as an intraoperative adjunct to decrease @entity190 . Our hypothesis is that @entity928 is a cost-effective treatment compared to FE and @entity1307 in anemic @entity1 . METHODS: In this study, a cost analysis was performed, comparing the material costs of @entity928 and packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to the theoretical administration and material costs of FE and @entity1307 per standard @entity417 protocol. RESULTS: A total of 243 @entity1 were included in the study. Of this group, 18.5% (45/243) had @entity417 . The rate of transfusion was 6.7% (3/45), and 5 units of PRBCs was transfused. The combined cost of @entity928 and PRBCs was  5317.08. Even assuming a best-case scenario with FE or @entity1307 treatment without a postoperative PRBC requirement, the cost of treatment would range from 2 to 17 times more than treatment with @entity928 . An additional 50 units of PRBC (1.1 units per @entity1 ) would need to be transfused for the cost of @entity928 treatment to be equivalent to FE or @entity1307 treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity927 is significantly less expensive than FE or @entity1307 as a treatment option for @entity2720 @entity1 presenting with @entity417 . It is a cost-effective adjunct for limiting transfusion rates in this @entity1 population. We recommend that new @entity417 levels that necessitate preoperative intervention be established.

title: Cost Analysis of @entity927 in Anemic Total Joint Arthroplasty XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: The aim of this study is to verify the level of transmission of @entity3754 three years after stopping mass drug treatment in the 7 endemic districts in Togo. The survey was conducted in 2012 in Togo's 7 endemic districts grouped into four evaluation units (EU) using theWHO-recommended @entity1579 ( @entity1579 ) protocol. @entity1 aged 6-7 years were screened for @entity10065 bancofti antigen using the immunochromatographic card (ICT) method. A cluster sampling method was used to select eligible @entity1 in schools as the net primary-school enrolment ratio is greater than or equal to 75% in each of the four EUs. The number of @entity1 and schools to be selected in each EU, the randomization list for the selection of these @entity1 and the critical cut-off number of positive cases not to exceed were automatically generated using the Survey Sample Builder (SSB) tool, (NTD Support Center, Atlanta, Ga, USA). For confirmation, positive cases were subsequently tested for microfilaremia using nocturnal thick blood smear and for filarial antigen using Og4C3 antigen ELISA (TropBio ELISA Kit  , Townsville, Queensland, Australia). An EU is considered to have passed the test successfully (it is assumed that transmission can no longer be sustained), when the number of positive cases is below the critical cut-off number set by the SSB, which is roughly equivalent to 2% prevalence. Of the 1 706 @entity1 surveyed in @entity2421 's EU, 1 549 in Binah-Doufelgou's EU, 1 550 in Kozah's EU and the 1 575 in Amou-Haho's EU, 8 (0.46%), 1 (0.08%), 0 (0.00%) and 4 (0.25%) ICT positive cases respectively were detected. The number of positive ICT tests was well below 18, the criticalcut number for each of the 4 EUs. All 13 ICT positive cases tested negative for nocturnal microfilaremia and Og4C3 ELISA. We conclude that all four EU passed the @entity1579 with success, and the transmission of @entity10065 is no longer likely to be sustained in the 7 endemic districts in Togo 3 years after stopping the @entity1865 . A new @entity1579 will be carried out in 2015, after which, if the results are still good, the country will submit a dossier to WHO for verification of the elimination of @entity3754 .

title: [Lymphatic filariasis XXXX in schools three years after stopping mass drug treatment with albendazole and ivermectine in the 7 endemic districts in Togo.]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity3754 :: ('MESH:D004605', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic filariasis']

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['transmission assessment survey', 'TAS']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['Kpendjal-Tone']

entities_list: @entity10065 :: ('6293', 'Species') :: ['Wuchereria bancrofti', 'Wuchereria']

answer: @entity1579 :: (MESH:D017096,Disease) :: ['transmission assessment survey']


abstract: @entity71779 pollutants are commonly related to cereal products and cause fatal threats in food safety, and therefore require simple and sensitive detection. In this work, quantum-dot (QD) submicrobeads (QBs) were synthesized by encapsulating @entity29312 /ZnS QDs using the microemulsion technique. The resultant QBs, with approximately 2800 times brighter luminescence than the corresponding QDs, were explored as novel fluorescent probes in the immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for sensitive and quantitative detection of @entity12071 (ZEN) in @entity4336 . Various parameters that influenced the sensitivity and stability of QB-based ICA (QB-ICA) were investigated and optimized. The optimal QB-ICA exhibits good dynamic linear detection for ZEN over the range of 0.125ng/mL to 10ng/mL with a median inhibitory concentration of 1.01  0.09ng/mL (n=3). The detection limits for ZEN in a standard solution and real @entity4336 sample (dilution ratio of 1:30) are 0.0625ng/mL and 3.6  g/kg, respectively, which is much better than that of a previously reported gold nanoparticle-based ICA method. Forty-six natural @entity4336 samples are assayed using both QB-ICA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The two methods show a highly significant correlation (R(2)=0.92). Nine ZEN-contaminated samples were further confirmed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the QB-ICA results also exhibited good agreement with LC-MS/MS method. In brief, this work demonstrates that QB-ICA is capable of rapid, sensitive screening of toxins in food analysis, and shows great promise for point-of-care testing of other analytes.

title: Quantum-DoT submicrobead-based immunochromatographic assay for quantitative and sensitive detection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12071 :: ('MESH:D015025', 'Chemical') :: ['zearalenone']

entities_list: @entity71779 :: ('CHEBI:25442', 'Chemical') :: ['Mycotoxin']

answer: @entity12071 :: (MESH:D015025,Chemical) :: ['zearalenone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Since virtually no trials have evaluated the effectiveness of @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) in the treatment of spinal cord (SC) @entity463 multiforme (GBM), we conducted a systematic review to evaluate its efficacy. Primary SC GBM is rare. Its management remains unclear, even though treatment guidelines have been established since 2005 for its cranial counterpart. We performed a medical subject heading search with the terms " @entity463 " and "primary @entity4097 , intramedullary". We stratified the papers into two groups according to the use of @entity2904 , and analyzed survival rates using the Kaplan-Meier method with a two-sided log-rank scale. The @entity2904 subgroup contained nine articles and a total of 19 @entity1 with primary SC GBM who were treated with adjuvant @entity2904 . The non- @entity2904 group consisted of 19 articles including 45 @entity1 who underwent other treatment modalities. The @entity2904 subgroup had an overall survival of 16months, compared to the non- @entity2904 group with a median overall survival of 10months. The difference between these two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.57). While this review did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in long term survival between @entity1 with SC GBM treated with @entity2904 versus those not treated with @entity2904 , a slightly longer survival time was seen in the @entity2904 group. The small number of @entity1 is likely a contributing factor to the lack of statistical significance. Our analysis highlights the need for a multi-institutional, prospective, controlled study to evaluate the use of @entity2904 in the treatment of SC GBM.

title: Primary spinal cord glioblastoma multiforme treated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4097 :: ('MESH:D013120', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity2903 :: (MESH:C047246,Chemical) :: ['temozolomide']


abstract: Highly sensitive colorimetric detection for @entity10781 has been developed using @entity15912 (MA) functionalized GNP. The - @entity1473 on MA was used to modify GNP surface whereas the other - @entity1473 functional group have strong affinity to coordination behavior of @entity10781 allowing the selective formation more than other ions. MA-GNPs solution changed from red to blue color after the addition of @entity10781 due to @entity1423 . The different optical absorption and discriminate of particle size between the MA-GNPs solution with and without @entity10781 were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The color intensity as a function of @entity10781 concentration gave a linear response in the range of 0.0-10.0  gL(-1) (R(2)=0.990). The detection limit was found at 0.5  gL(-1) by naked eye and can be completed the analysis within 15min. The MA-GNPs aggregated with @entity10781 showed high selectivity when was compared to other metal ions ( @entity13303 , @entity141 , @entity3280 , @entity515 , @entity8863 , @entity596 , @entity10694 , @entity1025 , @entity3281 , @entity3411 , @entity10781 and @entity8862 ) and anions (Cl(-), @entity8326 and @entity597 ). Our proposed method was also applied for the determination of @entity10781 in real drinking water samples from 5 sources. The result of real water samples were not statistically significant different from the standard methods at the 95% confidence level (pair t-test method). Moreover, we evaluated our proposed method for the determination of trace @entity10781 concentration in real breast milk samples. The recoveries were acceptable and ranged from 101 to 104% for spiked @entity10781 in real breast milk samples. Thus, MA-GNP colorimetric sensing provides a simple, rapid, sensitive, easy-to-use, inexpensive and low detection limit for the monitoring of @entity10781 .

title: Highly sensitive colorimetric detection of lead using XXXX functionalized gold nanoparticles.

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['nanoparticle aggregation']

entities_list: @entity15912 :: ('MESH:C030272', 'Chemical') :: ['maleic acid']

answer: @entity15912 :: (MESH:C030272,Chemical) :: ['maleic acid']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: One of the main issues in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) @entity1 is infection, such as @entity378 ( @entity378 ). Of note, @entity1252 @entity1 are susceptible to @entity1907 . However, to our knowledge, this @entity66 was rarely reported in @entity1252 , particularly diffuse or @entity9758 . Therefore, from January 1983 to December 2011, 5,635 @entity1 were followed-up at our Pediatric Rheumatology Unit and 285 (5%) of them met the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for @entity1252 . CASE REPORTS: Four (1.4%) of our @entity1252 @entity1 had disseminated @entity378 and were described herein. All of them were female gender, received BCG vaccination and did not have a history of @entity378 household contact. The median of current age at @entity378 diagnosis and the period between @entity1252 and @entity378 diagnosis were 17 years old (range 14-20) and 5.5 years (range 2-7), respectively. All @entity1 developed @entity9758 during the course of the disease. The median of @entity1252 Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) was 4 (2-16) and the @entity1 were treated with immunosuppressive agents (glucocorticoid, @entity500 and/or intravenous @entity786 ). Two of them presented @entity295 and @entity378 diagnosis was only established at autopsy, especially with lungs, central nervous system and abdominal involvements. Anti- @entity378 therapy ( @entity3109 , @entity1215 and @entity5585 ) was indicated in the other two @entity378 cases, however they deceased. DISCUSSION: @entity9758 is a rare and severe opportunist infection in @entity1252 . This study reinforces the importance of routine searches for @entity378 in @entity1252 @entity1 .

title: [ @entity9758 : a severe opportunistic infection in XXXX @entity1 .]

entities_list: @entity5585 :: ('MESH:D011718', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrazinamide']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['contagious disease']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus', 'JSLE', 'pediatric lupus population']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3109 :: ('MESH:D007538', 'Chemical') :: ['isoniazid']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin']

entities_list: @entity9758 :: ('MESH:D014391', 'Disease') :: ['miliary TB', 'Miliary TB']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['TB', 'tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: One of the main issues in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) @entity1 is infection, such as @entity378 ( @entity378 ). Of note, @entity1252 @entity1 are susceptible to @entity1907 . However, to our knowledge, this @entity66 was rarely reported in @entity1252 , particularly diffuse or @entity9758 . Therefore, from January 1983 to December 2011, 5,635 @entity1 were followed-up at our Pediatric Rheumatology Unit and 285 (5%) of them met the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for @entity1252 . CASE REPORTS: Four (1.4%) of our @entity1252 @entity1 had disseminated @entity378 and were described herein. All of them were female gender, received BCG vaccination and did not have a history of @entity378 household contact. The median of current age at @entity378 diagnosis and the period between @entity1252 and @entity378 diagnosis were 17 years old (range 14-20) and 5.5 years (range 2-7), respectively. All @entity1 developed @entity9758 during the course of the disease. The median of @entity1252 Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) was 4 (2-16) and the @entity1 were treated with immunosuppressive agents (glucocorticoid, @entity500 and/or intravenous @entity786 ). Two of them presented @entity295 and @entity378 diagnosis was only established at autopsy, especially with lungs, central nervous system and abdominal involvements. Anti- @entity378 therapy ( @entity3109 , @entity1215 and @entity5585 ) was indicated in the other two @entity378 cases, however they deceased. DISCUSSION: @entity9758 is a rare and severe opportunist infection in @entity1252 . This study reinforces the importance of routine searches for @entity378 in @entity1252 @entity1 .

title: [ XXXX : a severe opportunistic infection in @entity1252 @entity1 .]

answer: @entity9758 :: (MESH:D014391,Disease) :: ['Miliary tuberculosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: One of the main issues in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) @entity1 is infection, such as @entity378 ( @entity378 ). Of note, @entity1252 @entity1 are susceptible to @entity1907 . However, to our knowledge, this @entity66 was rarely reported in @entity1252 , particularly diffuse or @entity9758 . Therefore, from January 1983 to December 2011, 5,635 @entity1 were followed-up at our Pediatric Rheumatology Unit and 285 (5%) of them met the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for @entity1252 . CASE REPORTS: Four (1.4%) of our @entity1252 @entity1 had disseminated @entity378 and were described herein. All of them were female gender, received BCG vaccination and did not have a history of @entity378 household contact. The median of current age at @entity378 diagnosis and the period between @entity1252 and @entity378 diagnosis were 17 years old (range 14-20) and 5.5 years (range 2-7), respectively. All @entity1 developed @entity9758 during the course of the disease. The median of @entity1252 Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) was 4 (2-16) and the @entity1 were treated with immunosuppressive agents (glucocorticoid, @entity500 and/or intravenous @entity786 ). Two of them presented @entity295 and @entity378 diagnosis was only established at autopsy, especially with lungs, central nervous system and abdominal involvements. Anti- @entity378 therapy ( @entity3109 , @entity1215 and @entity5585 ) was indicated in the other two @entity378 cases, however they deceased. DISCUSSION: @entity9758 is a rare and severe opportunist infection in @entity1252 . This study reinforces the importance of routine searches for @entity378 in @entity1252 @entity1 .

title: [ @entity9758 : a severe opportunistic infection in @entity1252 XXXX .]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Stemona @entity2916 (ST) is a traditional herbal medicine used for the treatment of various @entity1576 in eastern Asia. AIM OF THE STUDY: We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of a ST water extract in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced @entity55 @entity19 models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with the ST extract and stimulated by LPS. The expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators were evaluated by using @entity842 (NO) assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis. After the C57BL/6 @entity19 were exposed to CS, they were administrated with the ST extract. The accumulated inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were counted. Also, real-time polymerase chain reaction and @entity1710 and @entity1711 staining were performed in lung tissues. RESULTS: The ST extract treatment reduced the production of NO via blocking the expressions of @entity1996 and inducible @entity842 synthase protein in RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, ST extract treatment decreased the secretions of inflammatory cytokines and regulated NF-kB activation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of @entity10181 and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Also, ST extract administration to @entity19 reduced the infiltrations of macrophages into BALF and the histological inflammatory changes in lung tissues. Furthermore, administration of the ST extract regulated the levels of @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, interleukin (IL)-6, @entity635 , @entity1750 and matrix metalloproteinases-12 in the lungs. CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that ST extract @entity55 responses by inhibiting the expression of diverse inflammatory mediators in vivo and in vitro.

title: Stemona XXXX prevented inflammation by suppressing the recruitment and the activation of macrophages in vivo and in vitro.

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['attenuated pulmonary inflammatory', 'lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1750 :: ('20296(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

answer: @entity2916 :: (MESH:D014402,Disease) :: ['tuberosa']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The accurate depiction of both biologic and anatomic profiles of @entity5 has long been a challenge in PET imaging. An @entity32 , which is innate in the carcinogenesis of @entity957 ( @entity957 ), frequently complicates the image analysis because of the limitations of @entity419 and maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax). New PET parameters, metabolic @entity5 volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG), as well as (18)F-fluoro-a-methyltyrosine ((18)F-FAMT), a malignancy-specific @entity535 -based PET radiotracer, are considered more comprehensive in @entity5 image analysis. Here, we showed the substantial effects of the intratumoral inflammatory process on @entity419 uptake and further study the possibility of MTV and TLG to predict both @entity5 biology (proliferation activity) and anatomy (pathologic @entity5 volume). METHODS: @entity419 and (18)F-FAMT PET images from 25 @entity957 @entity1 were analyzed. SUVmax on the @entity5 site was obtained. PET volume computerized-assisted reporting was used to generate a volume of interest to obtain MTV and TLG for @entity419 and total lesion retention (TLR) for @entity8984 -FAMT. The whole @entity5 dissected from surgery was measured and sectioned for pathologic analysis of @entity5 @entity32 grade and Ki-67 labeling index. RESULTS: The high SUVmax of @entity419 was related to the high @entity32 grade. The SUVmax ratio of @entity419 to @entity8984 -FAMT was higher in inflammatory @entity5 (P < 0.05) whereas the corresponding value in @entity5 with a low @entity32 grade was kept low. All @entity8984 -FAMT parameters were correlated with Ki-67 labeling index (P < 0.01). Pathologic @entity5 volume predicted from MTV of @entity8984 -FAMT was more accurate (R = 0.90, bias = 3.4    6.42 cm(3), 95% confidence interval = 0.77-6.09 cm(3)) than that of @entity419 (R = 0.77, bias = 8.1    11.17 cm(3), 95% confidence interval = 3.45-12.67 cm(3)). CONCLUSION: @entity419 uptake was overestimated by additional uptake related to the intratumoral inflammatory process, whereas (18)F-FAMT simply accumulated in @entity5 according to @entity5 activity as evaluated by Ki-67 labeling index in @entity957 .

title: Effects of Intratumoral Inflammatory Process on @entity419 Uptake: Pathologic and Comparative Study with 18F-Fluoro-a-Methyltyrosine PET/CT in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OSCC', 'oral squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The accurate depiction of both biologic and anatomic profiles of @entity5 has long been a challenge in PET imaging. An @entity32 , which is innate in the carcinogenesis of @entity957 ( @entity957 ), frequently complicates the image analysis because of the limitations of @entity419 and maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax). New PET parameters, metabolic @entity5 volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG), as well as (18)F-fluoro-a-methyltyrosine ((18)F-FAMT), a malignancy-specific @entity535 -based PET radiotracer, are considered more comprehensive in @entity5 image analysis. Here, we showed the substantial effects of the intratumoral inflammatory process on @entity419 uptake and further study the possibility of MTV and TLG to predict both @entity5 biology (proliferation activity) and anatomy (pathologic @entity5 volume). METHODS: @entity419 and (18)F-FAMT PET images from 25 @entity957 @entity1 were analyzed. SUVmax on the @entity5 site was obtained. PET volume computerized-assisted reporting was used to generate a volume of interest to obtain MTV and TLG for @entity419 and total lesion retention (TLR) for @entity8984 -FAMT. The whole @entity5 dissected from surgery was measured and sectioned for pathologic analysis of @entity5 @entity32 grade and Ki-67 labeling index. RESULTS: The high SUVmax of @entity419 was related to the high @entity32 grade. The SUVmax ratio of @entity419 to @entity8984 -FAMT was higher in inflammatory @entity5 (P < 0.05) whereas the corresponding value in @entity5 with a low @entity32 grade was kept low. All @entity8984 -FAMT parameters were correlated with Ki-67 labeling index (P < 0.01). Pathologic @entity5 volume predicted from MTV of @entity8984 -FAMT was more accurate (R = 0.90, bias = 3.4    6.42 cm(3), 95% confidence interval = 0.77-6.09 cm(3)) than that of @entity419 (R = 0.77, bias = 8.1    11.17 cm(3), 95% confidence interval = 3.45-12.67 cm(3)). CONCLUSION: @entity419 uptake was overestimated by additional uptake related to the intratumoral inflammatory process, whereas (18)F-FAMT simply accumulated in @entity5 according to @entity5 activity as evaluated by Ki-67 labeling index in @entity957 .

title: Effects of Intratumoral Inflammatory Process on XXXX Uptake: Pathologic and Comparative Study with 18F-Fluoro-a-Methyltyrosine PET/CT in @entity957 .

answer: @entity419 :: (MESH:D019788,Chemical) :: ['18F-FDG']


abstract: The present paper comprises a review of the literature on chondromyxoid @entity81 (CMF) and a report on nine cases originally classified as CMF, found in a review of all curetted @entity79 at our department from 1955 to 1978. At histologic revaluation only two cases fulfilled the criteria for true CMF, whereas six were classified as other @entity79 and one proved to be a @entity511 . The @entity511 case after recurrence was subjected to more mutilating surgery than would have been necessary if correct diagnosis had been established initially. The other six benign cases were all well and without signs of recurrence 5-11 years after curettage. In one of the two true CMF cases, i.e. in a young @entity1 , there were for 2 years postoperatively radiological signs of a progressive recurrence, which was left without treatment, since the @entity1 was well. Interestingly, radiograms 2 and 11 years postoperatively essentially showed the same picture, indicating spontaneous cessation of the process. @entity81 is an extremely rare lesion. Histologic misinterpretation is not uncommon. In sporadic cases this may have serious implications. It may be questioned whether surgical treatment of CMF in young @entity1 , known to have a high recurrence rate, is mandatory.

title: XXXX . A review of the literature and a report on our own experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesions', 'benign bone lesions']

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['fibroma', 'Chondromyxoid fibroma']

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma']

answer: @entity81 :: (MESH:D005350,Disease) :: ['Chondromyxoid fibroma']


abstract: Background. Auricular point acupressure (APA) is a promising treatment for @entity158 management. Few studies have investigated the physiological mechanisms of APA analgesics. Method. In this pilot randomized clinical trial (RCT), a 4-week APA treatment was used to manage @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ). Sixty-one @entity1 were randomized into a real APA group (n = 32) or a sham APA group (n = 29). Blood samples, @entity158 intensity, and physical function were collected at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. Results. Subjects in the real APA group reported a 56% reduction of @entity158 intensity and a 26% improvement in physical function. Serum blood samples showed (1) a decrease in @entity1356 , @entity1199 , @entity650 , and @entity10132 [ @entity10132 ] and (2) an increase in @entity3646 . In contrast, subjects in the sham APA group (1) reported a 9% reduction in @entity158 and a 2% improvement in physical function and (2) exhibited minimal changes of inflammatory cytokines and neuropeptides. Statistically significant differences in @entity3646 and @entity10132 expression between the real and sham APA groups were verified. Conclusion. These findings suggest that APA treatment affects @entity158 intensity through modulation of the immune system, as reflected by APA-induced changes in serum inflammatory cytokine and neuropeptide levels.

title: The Anti-Inflammatory Actions of Auricular Point Acupressure for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain', 'CLBP']

entities_list: @entity10132 :: ('796', 'Gene') :: ['CGRP', 'calcitonin gene-related peptide']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['Chronic Low Back Pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of almost all physiological and pathological processes, including osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. @entity26261 has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in various @entity5 types and to inhibit cell proliferation and invasion by targeting a number of key genes. However, the effects of @entity26261 on osteogenic differentiation have not been investigated. Thus, the present study aimed to elucidate the function served by @entity26261 in osteogenic differentiation. The expression levels of @entity26261 were observed to decrease in a C2C12 cell model of osteogenic differentiation. Overexpression of @entity26261 inhibited the activity of key osteoblast markers, including osteocalcin (OC), @entity623 ( @entity623 ) and collagen, type I, a 1 ( @entity13239 ). By contrast, inhibition of @entity26261 expression resulted in an increase in the osteogenic potential, as indicated by the enhanced expression levels of OC, @entity623 and @entity13239 . In addition, a dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that @entity8087 ( @entity8087 ) was a target of @entity26261 . Western blot analysis revealed that the inhibition of @entity26261 led to a significant increase in the protein expression levels of @entity8087 . In addition, overexpression of @entity8087 was observed to attenuate the @entity26261 -mediated suppression of osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, the results demonstrated that @entity26261 was able to inhibit osteogenic differentiation via the regulation of @entity8087 expression.

title: microRNA-375 inhibits osteogenic differentiation by targeting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8087 :: ('860', 'Gene') :: ['runt-related transcription factor 2', 'RUNX2']

entities_list: @entity623 :: ('250', 'Gene') :: ['ALP', 'alkaline phosphatase']

answer: @entity8087 :: (860,Gene) :: ['runt-related transcription factor 2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sinonasal @entity2698 ( @entity2698 ) is a soft tissue @entity5 of vascular origin. Open surgical methods and endoscopic techniques are considered the standard treatments for sinonasal @entity2698 . However, local recurrences resulting from @entity41 are common. Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy have also been used to treat @entity2698 , however, the number of studies which have investigated effective adjuvant treatments in the literature are limited. The current study reports a 42-year-old male with recurrent and intracranial invasion of sinonasal @entity2698 , diagnosed in Xuanwu Hospital (Beijing, China). The @entity1 underwent multiple surgeries to remove the @entity5 , however, no adjuvant therapy was adopted during this period and the @entity5 reoccurred within 1 year. On admittance to Tangshan @entity1 's Hospital (Tangshan, China), the @entity1 presented with @entity2133 opening and chewing ability, and @entity393 . Under observation using an electron microscope, @entity2698 usually consists of spindle-shaped cells with elongated nuclei and displays characteristic staghorn-like vascular channels. In the present case, immunohistochemical studies were performed on @entity982 -embedded sections of the @entity5 . The @entity5 cells expressed @entity2280 , @entity469 (+/-), epithelial membrane antigen, @entity2279 , a-actin, @entity2283 , @entity3778 , S-100, @entity1892 and Ki-67 (30%), but were negative for @entity908 kinase. The @entity1 was treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy, which demonstrated efficacy. No recurrence and @entity3 was observed at the 1 year follow-up subsequent to the combined therapy.

title: Combined therapy against recurrent and intracranial XXXX : A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'People']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumors']

entities_list: @entity2698 :: ('MESH:D006393', 'Disease') :: ['HPC', 'hemangiopericytoma']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['limited mouth']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphoma-2']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['invasion of sinonasal hemangiopericytoma']


abstract: We measured the intracranial pressure continuously for a period of four days before and after cranioplasty in 12 @entity1 with skull defects larger than 100 cm2. The results were obtained by epidural monitoring. The device used was the "Hellige" pressure measuring device (modified according to Gobiet). We found an increased cranial pressure in more than half of the @entity1 (7). In addition the same @entity1 showed the most marked neurologic and psychic changes. A significant return to normal of the intracranial pressure was noticed in all these @entity1 after the closure of the skull defect. Progressive improvement in the clinical symptoms was also seen. The pathogenesis of this phenomenon has not been completely explained. Several authors consider that an important factor is the difference between the intracranial and the atmospheric pressure, However, we suggest that another important factor is the cicatricial changes ("scar plate") occurring between the cortex, dura and the skin, which exerts pressure on the skull contents. Previously, the neurological symptoms which appeared after a period of time in @entity1 with @entity11885 were attributed to other causes. It is only during the past decades--thanks to progress in neuroradiologic diagnostics--that a pathoanatomical correlate been found for these changes.

title: [Intracranial pressure measurement in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity11885 :: ('MESH:C538225', 'Disease') :: ['large skull defects']

answer: @entity11885 :: (MESH:C538225,Disease) :: ['large skull defects']


abstract: BACKGROUND: "Postbariatric" @entity1 are at significant risk for @entity260 . This study aimed to define the risk of @entity1211 following body-contouring surgery after massive @entity353 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on all @entity1 who had undergone all forms of body-contouring procedures after massive @entity353 between January 2005 and August 2012 at St George's Hospital, South West London, United Kingdom. Data were collected on @entity1 demographics, comorbidities, risks factors for @entity1031 , preoperative and postoperative body mass index, and type of surgery. RESULTS: A total of 135 operations were performed on 53 @entity1 (43 females, 10 male), with an average age of 44.8 years (range, 26-56 years). Most had staged procedures including 55 abdominoplasties, 23 brachioplasties, 31 thigh lifts, 14 lower-body lifts, and 12 mastopexies. All @entity1 received @entity1211 prophylaxis postoperatively including low-molecular-weight heparin ( @entity16960 ) within an average of 22.5 hours after surgery and the application of intraoperative graduated compression stockings. @entity1 received @entity16960 for an average of 4 days (range, 2-14 days), which correlated to their length of stay. One @entity1 had a @entity1150 14 days postoperatively and then 2 days later developed a nonfatal @entity358 , giving a @entity1211 prevalence of 0.74% (1/135). CONCLUSIONS: The clinically apparent @entity1211 prevalence was low among @entity1 undergoing body-contouring procedures after massive @entity353 in this study. We provide evidence of a successful algorithm to prevent @entity1211 for @entity1 undergoing body-contouring procedures after massive @entity353 .

title: Risk of XXXX Following Body-Contouring Surgery After Massive Weight Loss.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity16960 :: ('MESH:D017985', 'Chemical') :: ['dalteparin']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['increased postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolus']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1031 :: (MESH:D013923,Disease) :: ['Thromboembolism']


abstract: 1. The effects of @entity1169 (10 mg/kg) on plasma @entity165 , @entity413 , @entity2819 and free @entity1718 , on adrenal mass and @entity165 content and on body temperature were determined over a 24-h period in 3-week-old Light Sussex chicks. 2. Changes in plasma @entity165 were equivocal, though there was perhaps a trend towards hypercholesteraemia. 3. Birds became hypoglycaemic within an hour but were hyperglycaemic between 2 and 4 h. At 24 h they were normoglycaemic. 4. Plasma @entity2819 was increased markedly at 1 h but was decreased compared with the control at 2 h ( P < 0.01). Thereafter the concentration was in the normal range. 5. There was an enhanced hyperlipacidaemia in the treated birds after 1 h. 6. Adrenal @entity165 stores were decreased by 10% at 4 h but were unaffected at all other times. 7. Colonic temperature decreased by 1x6 degrees C after 2 h but was normal by 4 h. 8. It is concluded that @entity1169 has mild stressor activity which is lost within 24 h.

title: Short-term stressor effects of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2828 ( @entity2828 ) is an aggressive @entity5 that may present with skeletal and extraskeletal forms. The extraskeletal form is rarely encountered in the head and neck region and is extremely rare in the sinonasal tract. This is the case report of a @entity2828 of the ethmoid sinus with intracranial and orbital extension in a 33-year-old male @entity1 who presented with anosmia, @entity1415 , @entity227 and @entity10 . On otorhinolaryngological clinical examination and biopsy via flexible endoscope, the lesion was misdiagnosed as ethmoid @entity189 . The subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed a large mass (6*7 cm) eroding the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses, extending beyond the orbits and occupying the anterior cranial fossa with a maximum extension of ~5 cm. The @entity1 underwent surgical resection and the microscopic examination of the specimen established the diagnosis of @entity2828 (immunohistochemically positive for @entity3778 , @entity3508 , @entity2940 , @entity5473 , pancytokeratin, low-molecular weight cytokeratins and @entity2277 . The @entity5644 Schiff stain exhibited strong intracytoplasmic block positivity and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed a t(22;11) translocation. First-line chemotherapy was administered for 3 cycles; however, on restaging MRI, local disease progression was diagnosed. The @entity1 received radiotherapy and second-line chemotherapy for 6 cycles. At 15 months after the diagnosis, the @entity1 remains recurrence-free and maintains a good functional status and quality of life.

title: Primary XXXX of the sinonasal tract, eroding the ethmoid and sphenoid sinus with intracranial extension: A rare case report.

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ['ES', "Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of visual acuity in the left eye']

entities_list: @entity5644 :: ('MESH:D010504', 'Chemical') :: ['periodic acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['sinus carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['neuron-specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity2828 :: (MESH:D012512,Disease) :: ['Ewing's sarcoma']


abstract: Purpose. To present a case of @entity231 surgery performed in a @entity1 with a refractive corneal inlay in place. Methods. A 48-year-old female @entity1 presented to our institute with bilateral @entity231 . The @entity1 had undergone refractive corneal inlay implantation three years ago in her right, nondominant eye for @entity10818 correction. Biometry and intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation were performed without removing the inlay. Phacoemulsification and IOL insertion were carried out in both eyes in a usual manner. Results. On day one postoperatively, the @entity1 achieved binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity 20/20 and uncorrected near visual acuity J1. The vision remained stable during the one-year follow-up period. Conclusion. @entity231 surgery was performed in a standard manner in a @entity1 with Presbia Microlens corneal inlay in place. Visual outcomes for both near and distance vision were satisfactory.

title: XXXX Surgery with a Refractive Corneal Inlay in Place.

entities_list: @entity10818 :: ('MESH:D011305', 'Disease') :: ['presbyopia']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract', 'Cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['Cataract']


abstract: A 49-year-old male presented to the emergency with @entity811 and @entity158 in the shaft of the penis for one day. The @entity1 was found to be in a state of shock. The shaft of the penis and the scrotum were swollen and tender. No @entity39 was observed and no crepitus was palpable. Serum white count (WBC) was 29.5 * 10(3)/ L. A CT scan showed gas in the corpus spongiosum. Antibiotics were started with IV @entity868 , @entity2176 , and @entity3400 / @entity7120 . @entity868 was then replaced by @entity3402 . Exploration was performed but no @entity39 tissue was identified. Cystourethroscopy revealed dusky looking urethra. A suprapubic tube and a urethral catheter were placed in the bladder. WBC trended down to 13.9 * 10(3)/ L on the fourth postoperative day. Urine culture grew @entity6615 and blood cultures grew Alpha Hemolytic Streptococcus. On the sixth day, the @entity1 was feeling worse and WBC increased. MRI revealed absent blood flow to the corpus spongiosum. Urethroscopy revealed @entity39 of the urethra. Urethrectomy was performed via perineal approach. The @entity1 immediately improved. The @entity1 was discharged on the sixth postoperative day to continue @entity869 / @entity5899 IV every 6 hours for a total of 4 weeks from the day of urethrectomy.

title: XXXX due to @entity6615 .

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole', 'Metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis', 'skin necrosis']

entities_list: @entity7120 :: ('MESH:C043265', 'Chemical') :: ['tazobactam']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['piperacillin']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity6615 :: ('1376', 'Species') :: ['Aerococcus urinae']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity5899 :: ('MESH:D013407', 'Chemical') :: ['sulbactam']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['Necrotizing Urethritis']


abstract: A 49-year-old male presented to the emergency with @entity811 and @entity158 in the shaft of the penis for one day. The @entity1 was found to be in a state of shock. The shaft of the penis and the scrotum were swollen and tender. No @entity39 was observed and no crepitus was palpable. Serum white count (WBC) was 29.5 * 10(3)/ L. A CT scan showed gas in the corpus spongiosum. Antibiotics were started with IV @entity868 , @entity2176 , and @entity3400 / @entity7120 . @entity868 was then replaced by @entity3402 . Exploration was performed but no @entity39 tissue was identified. Cystourethroscopy revealed dusky looking urethra. A suprapubic tube and a urethral catheter were placed in the bladder. WBC trended down to 13.9 * 10(3)/ L on the fourth postoperative day. Urine culture grew @entity6615 and blood cultures grew Alpha Hemolytic Streptococcus. On the sixth day, the @entity1 was feeling worse and WBC increased. MRI revealed absent blood flow to the corpus spongiosum. Urethroscopy revealed @entity39 of the urethra. Urethrectomy was performed via perineal approach. The @entity1 immediately improved. The @entity1 was discharged on the sixth postoperative day to continue @entity869 / @entity5899 IV every 6 hours for a total of 4 weeks from the day of urethrectomy.

title: @entity39 due to XXXX .

answer: @entity6615 :: (1376,Species) :: ['Aerococcus urinae']


abstract: PURPOSE: The present study aimed to improve the design of an interface that may help disabled @entity1 to play a musical instrument. The main point is to integrate @entity1 motion capture in the design process. METHOD: The @entity1 performed 20 pointing movements toward four selected locations. A three one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed in order to determine the most efficient input location. For each button position, we compared (1) the @entity137 ( @entity137 ), (2) the movement time (MT), and (3) the spatial variability of the movements. RESULTS: According to the results obtained for @entity137 and MT, one position was the most efficient button location in order to produce efficient movements. CONCLUSIONS: As the case study showed, combining the 3D motion capture system and the statistical analysis led to help the designers their design methodology and crucial choices. Implications for Rehabilitation The paper point out the possibility for designers to use motion capture science to improve the efficiency of the personal interface manipulation to play musical instrument. This experiment with the disabled user allows researcher not only to propose standard procedure to characterize an interface but also to take into account the complete behaviour of the user: from the decision of the movement to the execution of the action. The discussion and the experiment with the disabled user help him to better understand its own difficulties. This kind of experimental procedure helps a lot the user in his future rehabilitation choices and decisions.

title: Designing for physically disabled users: benefits from XXXX motion capture - a case study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['reaction time', 'RT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the maternal serum N-Terminal proBNP levels in predicting development of @entity1468 . METHOD: Sixty-eight @entity1 were included in the study. The study group consisted of @entity1 with the finding of diastolic notch with abnormal pulsatility index (PI) between 21-24  weeks gestation and the control group consisted of @entity1 without diastolic notch and normal PI. The study included high-risk @entity1 who did not have a history of @entity101 before pregnancy, @entity712 , recurrent @entity393 , @entity792 or @entity6 . The groups were compared in terms of NT-ProBNP levels, development of @entity1468 , @entity2143 . RESULTS: There was no significant difference between groups in terms of age, gravidity, parity, uric acid levels, and NT-proBNP levels. There was significant difference between the groups in terms of week of birth, rate of cesarean section and fetal weight. Furthermore, there were significant differences between the two groups when compared in terms of @entity2143 (p  <  0.05). @entity2143 were more common in the notch with abnormal (PI) group. The NT-pro @entity3876 levels were found to be comparable among groups. Preeclampsia was the most common obstetric problem (11.7  %). We were unable to document significant difference in @entity1 who developed @entity1468 . CONCLUSION: Bilateral notch together with abnormal PI measurements in the uterine artery Doppler screening during the second trimester was associated with poor perinatal outcomes. Such an association was not significant in the NT-proBNP measurements. Larger trials focused on late-onset @entity1468 are needed to draw definitive conclusions.

title: The value of uterine artery Doppler and NT-proBNP levels in the second trimester to predict XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive disorder']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2143 :: ('MESH:D048949', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric and neonatal problems', 'Obstetric and neonatal problems']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorder']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to compare physiological responses in @entity30721 ( @entity30721 ) induced by @entity1875 and @entity3158 anaesthesia. Two procedures were applied during the experiment. In procedure I, blood samples were collected immediately after exposure (1, 2, 5, 10 min) to the anaesthetic. In procedure II, fish were exposed to the anaesthetic for 10 minutes and then were moved to anaesthetic free water. Blood was sampled after 5, 10, 20 or 30 min of recovery time. Gasometrical and biochemical analyses were performed on collected blood. In @entity3158 anaesthetized fish strong @entity520 was revealed. The drop of the HCO3-/ @entity3158 ratio, from 28:1 in control fish up to 4:1 in @entity3158 anaesthetized ones, proved that the compensation mechanism is not capable of preventing @entity520 during @entity3158 anaesthesia in @entity30721 . In contrast, only moderate, @entity12906 occurred in sturgeons anaesthetised with @entity1875 . @entity520 during @entity3158 anaesthesia was followed by a fourfold increase of @entity3265 level in the blood. @entity413 level, increasing only during recovery time, indicates that a secondary stress response occurred when awareness of anaesthetized fish had been restored.

title: Effects of @entity1875 and carbon dioxide on acid-base balance in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12906 :: ('MESH:D000142', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory acidosis']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis', 'hypercapnic acidosis', 'Hypercapnic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity30721 :: ('27689', 'Species') :: ['Acipenser baeri', 'Siberian sturgeon']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['Glucose']

answer: @entity30721 :: (27689,Species) :: ['Siberian sturgeon']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to compare physiological responses in @entity30721 ( @entity30721 ) induced by @entity1875 and @entity3158 anaesthesia. Two procedures were applied during the experiment. In procedure I, blood samples were collected immediately after exposure (1, 2, 5, 10 min) to the anaesthetic. In procedure II, fish were exposed to the anaesthetic for 10 minutes and then were moved to anaesthetic free water. Blood was sampled after 5, 10, 20 or 30 min of recovery time. Gasometrical and biochemical analyses were performed on collected blood. In @entity3158 anaesthetized fish strong @entity520 was revealed. The drop of the HCO3-/ @entity3158 ratio, from 28:1 in control fish up to 4:1 in @entity3158 anaesthetized ones, proved that the compensation mechanism is not capable of preventing @entity520 during @entity3158 anaesthesia in @entity30721 . In contrast, only moderate, @entity12906 occurred in sturgeons anaesthetised with @entity1875 . @entity520 during @entity3158 anaesthesia was followed by a fourfold increase of @entity3265 level in the blood. @entity413 level, increasing only during recovery time, indicates that a secondary stress response occurred when awareness of anaesthetized fish had been restored.

title: Effects of XXXX and carbon dioxide on acid-base balance in @entity30721 .

answer: @entity1875 :: (MESH:D015742,Chemical) :: ['propofol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Humeral head cysts are not uncommon in individuals with rotator cuff disorders. The cysts are usually considered an indicator of rotator cuff pathologies; however, they may have different meanings in different regions. PURPOSE: To determine the frequency of cysts within and adjacent to the lesser tuberosity and the relationship between these cysts and subscapularis, supraspinatus, and long @entity135 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 760 consecutive shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. Among these MRIs, we selected a group of @entity1 with cysts located around the lesser tuberosity. The study population was also divided into two subgroups, @entity1 with @entity2916 and those with cysts adjacent to the lesser tuberosity. In addition to the number and size of cysts, the MRI appearance of the tendons was evaluated. RESULTS: Eighty-one (10.7%) @entity1 had cysts within and/or adjacent to the lesser tuberosity, 34 (42%) @entity1 had @entity2916 , and 47 (58%) @entity1 had cysts adjacent to it. @entity135 and @entity74 were significantly related to more than one cyst. In a univariate analysis, @entity2916 were significantly associated with @entity135 and @entity74 ; however, multivariate analyses showed that only @entity135 were significantly associated with @entity2916 . CONCLUSION: Cysts within the lesser tuberosity were less common than cysts adjacent to it. @entity135 and @entity74 were more frequently found in @entity1 with more than one cyst within and/or adjacent to the lesser tuberosity. In addition, @entity2916 were associated with @entity135 .

title: Locations of lesser tuberosity cysts and their association with subscapularis, supraspinatus, and XXXX disorders.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['LHBT disorders', 'head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) disorders', 'LHBT']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['cysts within the lesser tuberosity']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['subscapularis tendon disorders']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['long head of the biceps tendon']


abstract: Preeclampsia is a frequent medical complication during pregnancy. @entity13381 , a @entity563 protease which activates pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, has recently been shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of @entity1468 . The aim of this study was to search for @entity13381 gene variations and their association to @entity1468 in Caucasian and African @entity1 . Our study population was composed of 571 pregnant @entity1 (295 with @entity1468 and 276 normotensive controls) matched for maternal and gestational age, and ethnic origin. The 22 exons of the @entity13381 gene were sequenced in a discovery sample (n=260), where 31 single @entity377 polymorphisms were identified. In a replication sample (n=311), 4 single @entity377 polymorphisms were tested. Two minor alleles (C for @entity71780 and G for @entity71781 ) were significantly associated to @entity1468 . Adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval] were 2.5 [1.2-3.8] (p=0.007) and 2.3 [1.5-3.5] (p=1.3*10-4), respectively. These associations were ethnic-specific, as only found in the Caucasian of subjects (odds ratio=3.5 [1.8-6.6], p=1.1*10-4; odds ratio=3.1 [1.7-5.8], p=2.1*10-4, for each single @entity377 polymorphism, respectively). The two single @entity377 polymorphisms are in almost perfect linkage disequilibrium (r2=0.93). No specific association was found with severe @entity1468 , early-onset @entity1468 nor @entity1592 . In conclusion, this is the first report of a highly significant association between these two single @entity377 polymorphisms in @entity13381 gene and @entity1468 . Our findings further support the probability of a critical role of @entity13381 in preeclamspia pathophysiology at the uteroplacental interface.

title: Highly Significant Association between Two Common Single XXXX Polymorphisms in @entity13381 Gene and Preeclampsia in Caucasian @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['fetal growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

answer: @entity377 :: (CHEBI:36976,Chemical) :: ['Nucleotide']


abstract: Preeclampsia is a frequent medical complication during pregnancy. @entity13381 , a @entity563 protease which activates pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, has recently been shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of @entity1468 . The aim of this study was to search for @entity13381 gene variations and their association to @entity1468 in Caucasian and African @entity1 . Our study population was composed of 571 pregnant @entity1 (295 with @entity1468 and 276 normotensive controls) matched for maternal and gestational age, and ethnic origin. The 22 exons of the @entity13381 gene were sequenced in a discovery sample (n=260), where 31 single @entity377 polymorphisms were identified. In a replication sample (n=311), 4 single @entity377 polymorphisms were tested. Two minor alleles (C for @entity71780 and G for @entity71781 ) were significantly associated to @entity1468 . Adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval] were 2.5 [1.2-3.8] (p=0.007) and 2.3 [1.5-3.5] (p=1.3*10-4), respectively. These associations were ethnic-specific, as only found in the Caucasian of subjects (odds ratio=3.5 [1.8-6.6], p=1.1*10-4; odds ratio=3.1 [1.7-5.8], p=2.1*10-4, for each single @entity377 polymorphism, respectively). The two single @entity377 polymorphisms are in almost perfect linkage disequilibrium (r2=0.93). No specific association was found with severe @entity1468 , early-onset @entity1468 nor @entity1592 . In conclusion, this is the first report of a highly significant association between these two single @entity377 polymorphisms in @entity13381 gene and @entity1468 . Our findings further support the probability of a critical role of @entity13381 in preeclamspia pathophysiology at the uteroplacental interface.

title: Highly Significant Association between Two Common Single @entity377 Polymorphisms in XXXX Gene and Preeclampsia in Caucasian @entity1 .

answer: @entity13381 :: (10699,Gene) :: ['CORIN']


abstract: Preeclampsia is a frequent medical complication during pregnancy. @entity13381 , a @entity563 protease which activates pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, has recently been shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of @entity1468 . The aim of this study was to search for @entity13381 gene variations and their association to @entity1468 in Caucasian and African @entity1 . Our study population was composed of 571 pregnant @entity1 (295 with @entity1468 and 276 normotensive controls) matched for maternal and gestational age, and ethnic origin. The 22 exons of the @entity13381 gene were sequenced in a discovery sample (n=260), where 31 single @entity377 polymorphisms were identified. In a replication sample (n=311), 4 single @entity377 polymorphisms were tested. Two minor alleles (C for @entity71780 and G for @entity71781 ) were significantly associated to @entity1468 . Adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval] were 2.5 [1.2-3.8] (p=0.007) and 2.3 [1.5-3.5] (p=1.3*10-4), respectively. These associations were ethnic-specific, as only found in the Caucasian of subjects (odds ratio=3.5 [1.8-6.6], p=1.1*10-4; odds ratio=3.1 [1.7-5.8], p=2.1*10-4, for each single @entity377 polymorphism, respectively). The two single @entity377 polymorphisms are in almost perfect linkage disequilibrium (r2=0.93). No specific association was found with severe @entity1468 , early-onset @entity1468 nor @entity1592 . In conclusion, this is the first report of a highly significant association between these two single @entity377 polymorphisms in @entity13381 gene and @entity1468 . Our findings further support the probability of a critical role of @entity13381 in preeclamspia pathophysiology at the uteroplacental interface.

title: Highly Significant Association between Two Common Single @entity377 Polymorphisms in @entity13381 Gene and Preeclampsia in Caucasian XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: We investigated 109 @entity1 exposed and sensitized against organic antigens. 46 of them (group I) are affected with the typical clinical and roentgenological signs of @entity56 . The other 59 subjects (group II) were sensitized only. Included in all examinations were immunological diagnosis by means of counterimmunoelectrophoresis, systematic interviewing for case histories, and registration of respiratory symptoms. Pulmonary function was recorded by means of the following techniques: analysis of ventilation (flow-volume indices), respiratory mechanics of the larger airways and lung (body plethysmography, esophageal balloon technique), respiratory mechanics of the small airways (closing volume, amplitude of @entity1163 ), distributional analysis, diffusion analysis, blood gas analysis, and right heart catheterization. @entity7448 caused changes in lung mechanics, in airways as well as in lung tissue. The most impressive findings in @entity56 are mechanical inequalities of ventilation. These inequalities may be caused by changed mechanics of overall airways indicated by obstruction parameters and by changed structure of lung tissue reflected in decreased compliance, transfer factors and @entity101 . Not only a restrictive but also an obstructive disturbance of ventilation is found. Impairments are less in sensitized @entity1 . We find slight mechanical and ventilatory inhomogeneities. An overall airway obstruction is obvious but not to such a large extent as in @entity56 . On the contrary, here the lung tissue is not affected. Compliance and diffusion are within the normal range. There is no typical functional pattern specific for the diagnosis of @entity56 .

title: Site and type of impaired lung function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increased pulmonary arterial pressure']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic oscillations']

entities_list: @entity7448 :: ('MESH:D000542', 'Disease') :: ['Extrinsic allergic alveolitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic alveolitis']

answer: @entity7448 :: (MESH:D000542,Disease) :: ['extrinsic allergic alveolitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Primary @entity706 (PTL) is an uncommon @entity1374 . Despite the rarity of PTL, it is important to recognize PTL promptly because its management differs from that of all the other @entity259 . This study was designed to investigate the sonographic features of PTL. METHODS: Twenty-seven pathologically confirmed PTLs were categorized into diffuse and non-diffuse type. Sonographic features including thyroid size, thyroid background echotexture, lesion size, echogenecity, @entity730 , vascularity, cervical @entity3329 of each type were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: All 27 PTLs were diffuse large @entity1892 and were accompanied by @entity1374 . Ten were diffuse type and seventeen were non-diffuse type sonographically. The observations in diffuse group included @entity5651 (10/10, 100.0%), marked echogenesity (10/10, 100.0%), heterogeneous echotexture (10/10, 100.0%), and cervical @entity3329 (4/10, 40.0%). The observations in non-diffuse group included marked hypoechogenicity (17/17, 100.0%), heterogeneous background thyroid gland (17/17, 100.0%), @entity5651 (15/17, 88.2%), increased vascularity (8/13, 61.5%), mulifocality (10/17, 58.8%), and cervical @entity3329 (7/17, 41.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Although some common features were found, the sonographic appearance of PTL is unspecific, especially for the diffuse type. Therefore, interventional diagnostic procedures should be warranted in the clinical settings when PTL is suspected.

title: Sonographic appearance of primary XXXX -preliminary experience.

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid malignancy', "diffuse Hashimoto's thyroiditis"]

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['thyroid lymphoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To assess the natural history of intrameniscal signal intensity on magnetic resonance (MR) images of the medial compartment. Materials and Methods Both knees of 269 @entity1 (55% @entity1 , aged 45-55 years) in the @entity571 Initiative without @entity626 ( @entity571 ) and without medial meniscal tear at baseline were studied. One radiologist assessed 3-T MR images from baseline and 24-, 48-, and 72-month follow-up for intrameniscal signal intensity and tears. A complementary log-log model with random effect was used to evaluate the risk of medial meniscal tear, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and knee side. Results At baseline, linear intrameniscal signal intensity in the medial compartment was present in 140 knees (26%). Once present, regression only in a single knee was observed. In 31 knees (19%) with linear intrameniscal signal intensity at any of the first three time points, the signal intensity progressed to a tear in the same segment, and in a single knee, the tear occurred in an adjacent segment. The corresponding number of tears without prior finding of intrameniscal signal intensities was 11 (3%). In the adjusted model, the hazard ratio for developing medial meniscal tear was 18.2 (95% confidence interval: 8.3, 39.8) if linear intrameniscal signal intensity was present, compared when there was no linear signal intensity. There was only one of 43 knees with injury reported in conjunction with the incident tear. Conclusion In middle-aged @entity1 without @entity571 , linear intrameniscal signal intensity on MR images is highly unlikely to resolve and should be considered a risk factor for medial degenerative meniscal tear. (  ) RSNA, 2015 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Natural History of Intrameniscal Signal Intensity on Knee MR Images: Six Years of Data from the XXXX Initiative.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['radiographic knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['Osteoarthritis']


abstract: HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: We report on a 44-year-old @entity1 who was treated for @entity4225 in the Department of Psychiatry. In addition, symptoms of @entity1378 ( @entity148 , @entity353 , hyperdefecation) were noticeable. @entity9808 ( @entity9808 ) was marginally elevated, free @entity1954 (T3) and free @entity1955 (T4) were clearly elevated. Hence, the @entity1 was transferred to the Department of Endocrinology. INVESTIGATIONS: Thyroid ultrasound revealed a @entity5651 with a total volume of 24,8 ml. Antibody screening did not show elevated titers. The @entity17685 (TRH) test depicted a blunted @entity9808 response. Serum levels of free glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit, prolactin and insulin-like growth factor 1 were increased. DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND COURSE: In cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a hypointense lesion on the left side of the anterior pituitary gland was detected indicating a thyrotropin-secreting microadenoma with concomitant secretion of prolactin and possible secretion of @entity1 growth hormone (HGH). A thyreostatic therapy was initiated aiming at euthyreosis. For symptom control, betablockers were administered. Subsequently, the @entity1 underwent an uncomplicated transsphenoidal resection. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a @entity977 with expression of @entity9808 , prolactin and HGH. As expected, thyroid hormones declined afterwards. CONCLUSIONS: TSHoma is rare. Diagnosis is confirmed by endocrinological testing and cranial imaging. Therapeutic options comprise transsphenoidal adenomectomy, drug therapy ( @entity1943 analogues, dopaminergic agonists) and irradiation. Resistance to thyroid hormones should be included in the differential diagnosis.

title: [Endocrine abnormalities in a @entity1 with XXXX - case 8/2014].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['borderline personality disorder']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity9808 :: ('MESH:C536917', 'Disease') :: ['TSH', 'Thyroid stimulating hormone']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity17685 :: ('7200', 'Gene') :: ['thyrotropin releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse goiter']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity4225 :: (MESH:D001883,Disease) :: ['borderline personality disorder']


abstract: HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: We report on a 44-year-old @entity1 who was treated for @entity4225 in the Department of Psychiatry. In addition, symptoms of @entity1378 ( @entity148 , @entity353 , hyperdefecation) were noticeable. @entity9808 ( @entity9808 ) was marginally elevated, free @entity1954 (T3) and free @entity1955 (T4) were clearly elevated. Hence, the @entity1 was transferred to the Department of Endocrinology. INVESTIGATIONS: Thyroid ultrasound revealed a @entity5651 with a total volume of 24,8 ml. Antibody screening did not show elevated titers. The @entity17685 (TRH) test depicted a blunted @entity9808 response. Serum levels of free glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit, prolactin and insulin-like growth factor 1 were increased. DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND COURSE: In cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a hypointense lesion on the left side of the anterior pituitary gland was detected indicating a thyrotropin-secreting microadenoma with concomitant secretion of prolactin and possible secretion of @entity1 growth hormone (HGH). A thyreostatic therapy was initiated aiming at euthyreosis. For symptom control, betablockers were administered. Subsequently, the @entity1 underwent an uncomplicated transsphenoidal resection. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a @entity977 with expression of @entity9808 , prolactin and HGH. As expected, thyroid hormones declined afterwards. CONCLUSIONS: TSHoma is rare. Diagnosis is confirmed by endocrinological testing and cranial imaging. Therapeutic options comprise transsphenoidal adenomectomy, drug therapy ( @entity1943 analogues, dopaminergic agonists) and irradiation. Resistance to thyroid hormones should be included in the differential diagnosis.

title: [Endocrine abnormalities in a XXXX with @entity4225 - case 8/2014].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: There is a lack of studies on Pentravan cream, a widespread transdermal vehicle which is used by compounding pharmacies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this transdermal vehicle. The permeation performance for @entity1420 , @entity53 , and @entity11111 in formulations containing each of those drugs separately, as well as an association of @entity53 + @entity11111 (Biest), was evaluated regarding their compounding process and their potential biological application. An excised female @entity1 skin model was used to predict the permeation and the retention of the active compounds in every skin layer in lieu of conventional tape stripping. @entity1420 was the drug with the highest permeation (37.02 mcg cm(-2) at the end of the experiment). @entity53 and @entity11111 in Biest had permeations approximately 4-fold lower (9.44 mcg cm(-2) for @entity53 -Biest and 14.02 mcg cm(-2) for @entity11111 -Biest), and the profiles of @entity53 in Eemuls and in Biest were almost the same (9.46 mcg cm(-2) for Eemuls). All permeations followed pseudo- first order kinetics. For @entity1420 , using the percentage of permeation by dose, one can infer that a @entity1 using the 1-g emulsion dose released by the pump containing 50 mg of @entity1420 will have 38.4 mg of @entity1420 liberated into his bloodstream, gradually and continuously for 48 hours. The results indicate that the vehicle was able to provide percutaneous absorption rates compatible with and higher than clinical treatment needs. Using the same rationale, the Eemuls would deliver practically the entire amount of @entity53 load per dose (1.0 mg), approximately 0.5 mg of @entity53 per day. As for the Biest, the dosing used would deliver almost 0.5 mg @entity53 /day and 2.0 mg @entity11111 / day. Thus, according to the results, @entity1 female sexual hormones incorporated in the oil-in-water vanishing cream base and applied topically are expected to exert their biological activities systemically with good efficacy due to their satisfactory permeation through @entity1 skin. However, one must take into account that a high quantity of drug was delivered. Thus, to avoid @entity1 @entity1445 , care has to be taken regarding the quantity of emulsion used.

title: Evaluation of percutaneous absorption performance for XXXX female sexual steroids into pentravan cream.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone', 'Progesterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['Estradiol', 'estradiol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to study the effects of @entity251 and anabolic @entity230 on serum lipids in power athletes. Altogether 11 national top-level adult athletes completed the study. Five of them volunteered for the study group and the rest for controls. The follow-up consisted of 9 months of a strength training period. During the first 6 months, the subjects in the study group self-administered androgenic @entity230 on an average of 57 +/- 24.9 mg/day. The most interesting observation was the extremely low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and @entity9477 @entity165 concentrations of the @entity342 users. After 8 weeks of training, the study group had significantly (P less than 0.05) lower HDL @entity165 concentrations than the control group (0.53 +/- 0.11 and 1.14 +/- 0.19 mmol/l, respectively). This difference remained significant from 8 to 32 weeks of training. No systematic changes were observed in the control group. The @entity9477 @entity165 concentration decreased by about 80% (P less than 0.01) and @entity9478 @entity165 by about 55% (P less than 0.01) from the onset values in the study group. A substantial decrease in HDL @entity165 to total @entity165 and in @entity9477 @entity165 to @entity9478 @entity165 ratios were also noticed under the influence of exogenous @entity3800 . The results of this study suggest that the sustained use of @entity251 and anabolic @entity230 have a marked unfavorable effect on the pattern of HDL @entity165 in the serum of male power athletes.

title: Serum lipids in power athletes self-administering XXXX and anabolic @entity230 .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['testosterone']


abstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to study the effects of @entity251 and anabolic @entity230 on serum lipids in power athletes. Altogether 11 national top-level adult athletes completed the study. Five of them volunteered for the study group and the rest for controls. The follow-up consisted of 9 months of a strength training period. During the first 6 months, the subjects in the study group self-administered androgenic @entity230 on an average of 57 +/- 24.9 mg/day. The most interesting observation was the extremely low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and @entity9477 @entity165 concentrations of the @entity342 users. After 8 weeks of training, the study group had significantly (P less than 0.05) lower HDL @entity165 concentrations than the control group (0.53 +/- 0.11 and 1.14 +/- 0.19 mmol/l, respectively). This difference remained significant from 8 to 32 weeks of training. No systematic changes were observed in the control group. The @entity9477 @entity165 concentration decreased by about 80% (P less than 0.01) and @entity9478 @entity165 by about 55% (P less than 0.01) from the onset values in the study group. A substantial decrease in HDL @entity165 to total @entity165 and in @entity9477 @entity165 to @entity9478 @entity165 ratios were also noticed under the influence of exogenous @entity3800 . The results of this study suggest that the sustained use of @entity251 and anabolic @entity230 have a marked unfavorable effect on the pattern of HDL @entity165 in the serum of male power athletes.

title: Serum lipids in power athletes self-administering @entity251 and anabolic XXXX .

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mastocytosis, characterized by pathologic accumulation of mast cells, can manifest itself in adulthood or childhood. Pediatric @entity1 usually have @entity20145 ( @entity20145 ) with mast cell infiltrates limited to the skin and spontaneous improvement of @entity272 after several years. However, there are some @entity1 with persistent disease resembling adulthood-onset @entity5310 . OBJECTIVE: The current classification of @entity20145 differentiates between 3 subforms. In clinical practice we noticed that different variants of these subforms might exist, particularly in @entity1 with childhood-onset @entity5310 . Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate whether specific @entity75 in @entity1 with childhood-onset @entity5310 are associated with other disease parameters. METHODS: We analyzed 144 @entity1 with a disease onset of less than age 17 years using a systematic dermatologic approach. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-two @entity1 presented with @entity17586 ( @entity17586 ), 12 @entity1 presented with diffuse @entity20145 , and 10 @entity1 presented with solitary @entity20131 . @entity1 with @entity17586 showed particularly heterogeneous @entity75 and were therefore grouped into 3 variants presenting either with small lesions ( @entity17586 -small, @entity272 <1 cm in diameter; n  = 19), large lesions ( @entity17586 -large, @entity272 >= 1 cm in diameter; n  = 89), or @entity75 ( @entity17586 -other, n  = 14). @entity1 with @entity17586 -large lesions, compared with those with @entity17586 -small lesions, were characterized by significantly lower tryptase levels, @entity66 onset. In addition, more @entity1 with @entity17586 -large lesions exhibited spontaneous regression of @entity75 . CONCLUSION: Our data show that @entity1 with @entity17586 -large lesions compared with those with @entity17586 -small lesions have a more favorable disease course and suggest exploring the size of @entity75 as a prognostic parameter in childhood-onset @entity17586 .

title: Large maculopapular @entity75 are associated with favorable outcome in childhood-onset XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity20145 :: ('MESH:D034701', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous mastocytosis', 'CM']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['shorter disease duration, and earlier disease']

entities_list: @entity5310 :: ('MESH:D008415', 'Disease') :: ['mastocytosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous lesions', 'atypical lesions']

entities_list: @entity20131 :: ('MESH:D054705', 'Disease') :: ['mastocytoma of the skin']

entities_list: @entity17586 :: ('MESH:D014582', 'Disease') :: ['maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis', 'MPCM']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity5310 :: (MESH:D008415,Disease) :: ['mastocytosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mastocytosis, characterized by pathologic accumulation of mast cells, can manifest itself in adulthood or childhood. Pediatric @entity1 usually have @entity20145 ( @entity20145 ) with mast cell infiltrates limited to the skin and spontaneous improvement of @entity272 after several years. However, there are some @entity1 with persistent disease resembling adulthood-onset @entity5310 . OBJECTIVE: The current classification of @entity20145 differentiates between 3 subforms. In clinical practice we noticed that different variants of these subforms might exist, particularly in @entity1 with childhood-onset @entity5310 . Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate whether specific @entity75 in @entity1 with childhood-onset @entity5310 are associated with other disease parameters. METHODS: We analyzed 144 @entity1 with a disease onset of less than age 17 years using a systematic dermatologic approach. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-two @entity1 presented with @entity17586 ( @entity17586 ), 12 @entity1 presented with diffuse @entity20145 , and 10 @entity1 presented with solitary @entity20131 . @entity1 with @entity17586 showed particularly heterogeneous @entity75 and were therefore grouped into 3 variants presenting either with small lesions ( @entity17586 -small, @entity272 <1 cm in diameter; n  = 19), large lesions ( @entity17586 -large, @entity272 >= 1 cm in diameter; n  = 89), or @entity75 ( @entity17586 -other, n  = 14). @entity1 with @entity17586 -large lesions, compared with those with @entity17586 -small lesions, were characterized by significantly lower tryptase levels, @entity66 onset. In addition, more @entity1 with @entity17586 -large lesions exhibited spontaneous regression of @entity75 . CONCLUSION: Our data show that @entity1 with @entity17586 -large lesions compared with those with @entity17586 -small lesions have a more favorable disease course and suggest exploring the size of @entity75 as a prognostic parameter in childhood-onset @entity17586 .

title: Large maculopapular XXXX are associated with favorable outcome in childhood-onset @entity5310 .

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['cutaneous lesions']