abstract: BACKGROUND: The evaluation of a febrile @entity1 with acute @entity490 represents a frequent yet possibly challenging situation in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ). @entity1188 is an uncommon complication of @entity4539 , and may have a wide range of clinical presentations, from dramatic to more subtle. Its pathogenesis is still incompletely understood, yet it may be associated with the occurrence of transient prothrombotic factors. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 14-year-old @entity1 who presented with @entity221 , sore throat, left upper quadrant @entity490 , and @entity381 , with no history of @entity130 . Laboratory tests revealed a markedly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and positive @entity4555 . Abdominal ultrasonography showed several hypoechoic areas in the spleen consistent with multiple @entity1188 . Magnetic resonance imaging eventually confirmed the diagnosis. He was admitted for observation and supportive treatment, and was discharged in good condition after 7  days. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Spontaneous @entity1188 should be considered in the differential list of @entity1 presenting with left upper quadrant @entity490 and features of @entity4539 ; the diagnosis, however, may not be straightforward, as clinical presentation may also be subtle, and abdominal ultrasonography, which is often used as a first-line imaging modality in pediatric EDs, has low sensitivity in this scenario and may easily miss it. Furthermore, although treatment is mainly supportive, close observation for possible complications is necessary.

title: @entity1188 in Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'Splenic infarction', 'splenic infarction']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['lupus anticoagulant']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity4539 :: ('MESH:D007244', 'Disease') :: ['infectious mononucleosis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['recent trauma']

answer: @entity4539 :: (MESH:D007244,Disease) :: ['Infectious Mononucleosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The evaluation of a febrile @entity1 with acute @entity490 represents a frequent yet possibly challenging situation in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ). @entity1188 is an uncommon complication of @entity4539 , and may have a wide range of clinical presentations, from dramatic to more subtle. Its pathogenesis is still incompletely understood, yet it may be associated with the occurrence of transient prothrombotic factors. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 14-year-old @entity1 who presented with @entity221 , sore throat, left upper quadrant @entity490 , and @entity381 , with no history of @entity130 . Laboratory tests revealed a markedly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and positive @entity4555 . Abdominal ultrasonography showed several hypoechoic areas in the spleen consistent with multiple @entity1188 . Magnetic resonance imaging eventually confirmed the diagnosis. He was admitted for observation and supportive treatment, and was discharged in good condition after 7  days. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Spontaneous @entity1188 should be considered in the differential list of @entity1 presenting with left upper quadrant @entity490 and features of @entity4539 ; the diagnosis, however, may not be straightforward, as clinical presentation may also be subtle, and abdominal ultrasonography, which is often used as a first-line imaging modality in pediatric EDs, has low sensitivity in this scenario and may easily miss it. Furthermore, although treatment is mainly supportive, close observation for possible complications is necessary.

title: XXXX in Acute @entity4539 .

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['Splenic Infarction']


abstract: After neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) for locally advanced @entity5 , 15-27% of the @entity1 experience a pathological complete response (pCR). This observation raises the question as to whether invasive surgery could be avoided in a selected cohort of @entity1 who obtain a clinical complete response after preoperative RCT. In this respect, there has been growing interest in functional imaging techniques to improve clinical response assessment. This systematic review focuses on the role of @entity353 ( @entity353 ) and @entity419 positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( @entity419 PET/CT) in the prediction of pCR after RCT for @entity5 . A total of 14 publications on @entity353 and 25 on @entity419 PET/CT were retrieved. Pooled analysis of individual @entity1 data shows both imaging modalities have a low positive predictive value in the prediction of pCR (mean @entity2286 of 54% and 39% for @entity353 - and @entity419 PET/CT-based parameters respectively). Especially pre-RCT imaging is unable to predict pCR with overall accuracies of 68-72% for @entity353 and 44% for @entity419 PET/CT. Qualitative @entity353 assessment 5-10weeks after the end of RCT may outperform apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-based @entity353 -parameters (overall accuracy of 87% vs. 74-78%). Although few data are available, early changes in FDG-uptake seem promising in the prediction of pCR and the role of @entity419 PET/CT during RCT should be further investigated. Quantitative and qualitative @entity419 PET/CT measurements are equally effective in the assessment of pCR after RCT. The major strength of @entity353 and @entity419 PET/CT lies in the identification of non-responders who are not candidates for organ preservation. Up to now, @entity353 and @entity419 PET/CT are not accurate enough to safely select @entity1 for organ-sparing strategies. Future research must focus on the integration of functional imaging with clinical data and molecular biomarkers.

title: The role of diffusion-weighted MRI and XXXX PET/CT in the prediction of pathologic complete response after radiochemotherapy for @entity5 : A systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose', '(18)F-FDG']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['DWI', 'diffusion-weighted imaging']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

answer: @entity419 :: (MESH:D019788,Chemical) :: ['(18)F-FDG']


abstract: After neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) for locally advanced @entity5 , 15-27% of the @entity1 experience a pathological complete response (pCR). This observation raises the question as to whether invasive surgery could be avoided in a selected cohort of @entity1 who obtain a clinical complete response after preoperative RCT. In this respect, there has been growing interest in functional imaging techniques to improve clinical response assessment. This systematic review focuses on the role of @entity353 ( @entity353 ) and @entity419 positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( @entity419 PET/CT) in the prediction of pCR after RCT for @entity5 . A total of 14 publications on @entity353 and 25 on @entity419 PET/CT were retrieved. Pooled analysis of individual @entity1 data shows both imaging modalities have a low positive predictive value in the prediction of pCR (mean @entity2286 of 54% and 39% for @entity353 - and @entity419 PET/CT-based parameters respectively). Especially pre-RCT imaging is unable to predict pCR with overall accuracies of 68-72% for @entity353 and 44% for @entity419 PET/CT. Qualitative @entity353 assessment 5-10weeks after the end of RCT may outperform apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-based @entity353 -parameters (overall accuracy of 87% vs. 74-78%). Although few data are available, early changes in FDG-uptake seem promising in the prediction of pCR and the role of @entity419 PET/CT during RCT should be further investigated. Quantitative and qualitative @entity419 PET/CT measurements are equally effective in the assessment of pCR after RCT. The major strength of @entity353 and @entity419 PET/CT lies in the identification of non-responders who are not candidates for organ preservation. Up to now, @entity353 and @entity419 PET/CT are not accurate enough to safely select @entity1 for organ-sparing strategies. Future research must focus on the integration of functional imaging with clinical data and molecular biomarkers.

title: The role of diffusion-weighted MRI and @entity419 PET/CT in the prediction of pathologic complete response after radiochemotherapy for XXXX : A systematic review.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: The @entity5165 (MeHg) cycling at water-sediment interface in an @entity5173 ( @entity5173 )-polluted reservoir (Aha Reservoir) and a reference site (Hongfeng Reservoir) were investigated and compared. Both reservoirs are seasonal anoxic and alkaline. The concentrations of @entity597 , @entity3287 , @entity68 , and @entity921 in Aha Reservoir were enriched compared to the reference levels in Hongfeng reservoir due to the @entity5173 input. It was found that the MeHg accumulation layer in Aha Reservoir transitioned from the top sediment layer in winter to the water-sediment interface in spring and then to the overlying water above sediment in summer. It supported the assumption that spring methylation activity may start in sediments and migrate into the water column with seasonal variation. The weaker methylation in sediment during spring and summer was caused by the excessive @entity3287 (   15-20   M) that reduced the bioavailability of @entity349 , while @entity597 reduction potential was in the optimal range for the methylation in the overlying water. This led to a transport flux of MeHg from water to sediment in spring and summer. In contrast, such inversion of MeHg accumulation layer did not occur in Hongfeng Reservoir. The @entity597 reduction potential was in the optimal range for the methylation in top sediment, and dissolved MeHg was positively related to @entity3287 in pore water of Hongfeng Reservoir (r   =   0.67, p   <   0.001). This result suggested that accumulation of MeHg in lake water and cycling of MeHg at sediment-water interface associate with some sensitive environmental factors, such as @entity599 .

title: The impact of @entity5173 on the XXXX cycling at the sediment-water interface in Aha Reservoir, Guizhou, China.

entities_list: @entity921 :: ('MESH:D008345', 'Chemical') :: ['manganese']

entities_list: @entity349 :: ('MESH:D008628', 'Chemical') :: ['mercury']

entities_list: @entity5165 :: ('CHEBI:30785', 'Chemical') :: ['methylmercury']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'acid mine drainage']

entities_list: @entity3287 :: ('CHEBI:26822', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfide']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity5165 :: (CHEBI:30785,Chemical) :: ['methylmercury']


abstract: The @entity5165 (MeHg) cycling at water-sediment interface in an @entity5173 ( @entity5173 )-polluted reservoir (Aha Reservoir) and a reference site (Hongfeng Reservoir) were investigated and compared. Both reservoirs are seasonal anoxic and alkaline. The concentrations of @entity597 , @entity3287 , @entity68 , and @entity921 in Aha Reservoir were enriched compared to the reference levels in Hongfeng reservoir due to the @entity5173 input. It was found that the MeHg accumulation layer in Aha Reservoir transitioned from the top sediment layer in winter to the water-sediment interface in spring and then to the overlying water above sediment in summer. It supported the assumption that spring methylation activity may start in sediments and migrate into the water column with seasonal variation. The weaker methylation in sediment during spring and summer was caused by the excessive @entity3287 (   15-20   M) that reduced the bioavailability of @entity349 , while @entity597 reduction potential was in the optimal range for the methylation in the overlying water. This led to a transport flux of MeHg from water to sediment in spring and summer. In contrast, such inversion of MeHg accumulation layer did not occur in Hongfeng Reservoir. The @entity597 reduction potential was in the optimal range for the methylation in top sediment, and dissolved MeHg was positively related to @entity3287 in pore water of Hongfeng Reservoir (r   =   0.67, p   <   0.001). This result suggested that accumulation of MeHg in lake water and cycling of MeHg at sediment-water interface associate with some sensitive environmental factors, such as @entity599 .

title: The impact of XXXX on the @entity5165 cycling at the sediment-water interface in Aha Reservoir, Guizhou, China.

answer: @entity5173 :: (MESH:D065634,Disease) :: ['acid mine drainage']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Motor vehicle crashes remain a leading cause of @entity204 in the United States (US). @entity1580 due to @entity130 remains a @entity130 mechanism, and up to 90% of these @entity130 result in @entity204 on the scene. The objective of this study is to understand the modern risk factors and etiology of fatal @entity764 in the current US fleet. METHODS: Using a unique, linked, Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and Multiple Cause of @entity204 (MCOD) database from 2000-2010, 144,169 drivers over 16  years of age who suffered fatal @entity130 were identified. The merged database provides an unparalleled fidelity for identifying @entity764 due to motor vehicle accidents. @entity764 were defined by ICD-10 codes S250. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models for presence of any @entity764 were fitted. Age, gender, BMI weight categories, vehicle class, model year, crash type/direction, severity of @entity16 , airbag deployment location, and seatbelt use, @entity130 codes, and location of injury were considered. Odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) are calculated. RESULTS: There were 2953 deaths (2.10%) related to @entity764 that met the inclusion criteria. Nearside crashes were associated with an increased odds (OR = 1.42, 1.1-1.83), while rollover crashes (OR =.44,.29-.66) were associated with a reduced odds of fatal @entity764 . Using backward selection on the full multivariate model, the only significant model effects that remained were vehicle type, crash type, body region, and @entity130 . CONCLUSIONS: The increased prevalence of fatal @entity764 in nearside crashes, increasing age, and vehicle type provide some insight into the current US fleet. Important factors, including model year, had significantly lower levels of the injury in univariate analysis, demonstrating the effect of safety improvements in newer model vehicles. Further study of this @entity130 is warranted, including comparisons of those who survive the injury.

title: Etiology of fatal XXXX : Secondary data analysis.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['crash damage']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic aortic injuries', 'thoracic aortic injury', 'thoracic aortic injuries']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma', 'injuries', 'fatal injury', 'major injury', 'injury type']

answer: @entity764 :: (MESH:D013898,Disease) :: ['thoracic aortic injuries']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective: To evaluate the influence of antibiotic regimen on the duration of latency (time from @entity13493 [ @entity13493 ] to delivery) and significant infectious neonatal morbidity from rupture of membranes to delivery < 37 weeks' gestational age in @entity1 known to be @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) positive. Methods: We obtained data from the Nova Scotia Atlee Perinatal Database. In a retrospective, cohort, population-based study, we included pregnancies complicated by @entity13493 but excluded pregnancies in this group requiring immediate delivery. The cohort was categorized by antibiotic regimen (single vs. multiple agents) and we compared latency and adverse neonatal outcomes according to antibiotic regimen used. Summary characteristics were compared using chi-square analysis with significance < 0.05. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and mean differences for all outcomes and to account for confounding variables. Results: From 1988 to 2011, the potential study population was 119 158 pregnancies. In total, 3435 deliveries were identified to be @entity13493 (3%). Of these, 303 mother-baby pairs (9%) were known to be @entity1892 positive by urine or swab culture. Adjusted comparisons of latency and @entity295 showed no difference according to antibiotic regimen (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The 2013 SOGC guideline on @entity1892 prophylaxis recommends antibiotic therapy in @entity1 with @entity13493 for both latency and prevention of @entity1892 -related @entity295 . This clinically relevant evaluation in a select preterm group demonstrated that type of antibiotic regimen did not influence either latency with @entity13493 and @entity1892 positive culture or rates of @entity295 . Ongoing evaluation of serious neonatal outcomes is essential in view of this new recommendation.

title: Is Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes Latency Influenced by Single Versus Multiple Agent Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Group B Streptococcus Positive XXXX Delivering Preterm?

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['group B Streptococcus', 'GBS']

entities_list: @entity13493 :: ('MESH:C563032', 'Disease') :: ['PPROM', 'preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal sepsis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: AIM: Neuroprotective effects of @entity2332 may explain surprisingly high survival rates reported after drowning in cold water despite prolonged submersion. We described a cohort of refractory hypothermic @entity1167 ( @entity1167 ) due to drowning treated by extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and aimed to identify criteria associated with 24-h survival. METHODS: Eleven-year period (2002-2012) retrospective study in the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary hospital (European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Paris, France). All consecutive hypothermic @entity1 admitted for refractory @entity1167 after drowning in the Seine River were included. @entity1 with core temperature below 30  C and submersion duration of less than 1h were potentially eligible for ECLS resuscitation. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity1 were admitted directly to the ICU during the study period. ECLS was initiated in 20 @entity1 (47%). Among these 20 @entity1 , only four (9%) survived more than 24h. A first hospital core temperature  <=26  C and a @entity972 serum level between 4.2 and 6mM at hospital admission have a sensitivity of 100% [95%CI: 28-100%] and a specificity of 100% [95%CI: 71-100%] to discriminate @entity1 who survived more than 24h. Overall survival at ICU discharge and at 6-months was 5% [95%CI: 1-16%] (two @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: Despite @entity1 @entity2332 and @entity146 resuscitation with ECLS, the observed survival rate is low in the present cohort. Like existing algorithms for ECLS management in avalanche victims, we recommend to use first core temperature and @entity972 serum level to indicate ECLS for refractory @entity1167 due to drowning.

title: Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for refractory XXXX after drowning: An 11-year experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrests', 'CA']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the cost-utility of @entity231 surgery in @entity1 with advanced @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). METHODS: @entity1 who were diagnosed as having and treated for age-related @entity231 and with a history of advanced @entity1020 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, were included in the study. All of the @entity1 underwent successful phacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation under retrobulbar anesthesia. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and utility value elicited by time trade-off method from @entity1 at 3-month postoperative time were compared with those before surgery. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained in a lifetime were calculated at a 3% annual discounted rate. Costs per QALY gained were calculated using the bootstrap method, and probabilities of being cost-effective were presented using a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS: Mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA in the operated eye increased from 1.37    0.5 (Snellen, 20/469) to 0.98    0.25 (Snellen, 20/191) (p < 0.001); BCVA in the weighted average from both eyes (=75% better eye + 25% worse eye) was changed from 1.13    0.22 (Snellen, 20/270) to 0.96    0.17 (Snellen, 20/182) (p < 0.001). Utility values from both @entity1 and doctors increased significantly after surgery (p < 0.001 and p = 0.007). @entity1 gained 1.17 QALYs by @entity231 surgery in their lifetime. The cost per QALY was 8835 Chinese yuan (CNY) (1400 U.S. dollars [USD]). It is cost-effective at the threshold of 115,062 CNY (18,235 USD) per QALY in China recommended by the World Health Organization. The cost per QALY varied from 7045 CNY (1116 USD) to 94,178 CNY (14,925 USD) in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity and quality of life assessed by utility value improved significantly after surgery. @entity231 surgery was a cost-effective intervention for @entity1 with coexistent @entity1020 .

title: Cost-Utility Analyses of XXXX Surgery in Advanced Age-Related @entity1020 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['Cataract', 'cataract']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['Cataract']


abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the cost-utility of @entity231 surgery in @entity1 with advanced @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). METHODS: @entity1 who were diagnosed as having and treated for age-related @entity231 and with a history of advanced @entity1020 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, were included in the study. All of the @entity1 underwent successful phacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation under retrobulbar anesthesia. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and utility value elicited by time trade-off method from @entity1 at 3-month postoperative time were compared with those before surgery. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained in a lifetime were calculated at a 3% annual discounted rate. Costs per QALY gained were calculated using the bootstrap method, and probabilities of being cost-effective were presented using a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS: Mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA in the operated eye increased from 1.37    0.5 (Snellen, 20/469) to 0.98    0.25 (Snellen, 20/191) (p < 0.001); BCVA in the weighted average from both eyes (=75% better eye + 25% worse eye) was changed from 1.13    0.22 (Snellen, 20/270) to 0.96    0.17 (Snellen, 20/182) (p < 0.001). Utility values from both @entity1 and doctors increased significantly after surgery (p < 0.001 and p = 0.007). @entity1 gained 1.17 QALYs by @entity231 surgery in their lifetime. The cost per QALY was 8835 Chinese yuan (CNY) (1400 U.S. dollars [USD]). It is cost-effective at the threshold of 115,062 CNY (18,235 USD) per QALY in China recommended by the World Health Organization. The cost per QALY varied from 7045 CNY (1116 USD) to 94,178 CNY (14,925 USD) in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity and quality of life assessed by utility value improved significantly after surgery. @entity231 surgery was a cost-effective intervention for @entity1 with coexistent @entity1020 .

title: Cost-Utility Analyses of @entity231 Surgery in Advanced Age-Related XXXX .

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['Macular Degeneration']


abstract: We present a protocol to estimate the solvent-induced broadening of electronic spectra based on a model that explicitly takes into account the environment embedding the solute. Starting from a classical approximation of the solvent contribution to the spectrum, the broadening arises from the spread of the excitation energies due to the fluctuation of the solvent coordinates, and it is represented as a Gaussian line shape that convolutes the vibronic spectrum of the solute. The latter is computed in harmonic approximation at room temperature with a time-dependent approach. The proposed protocol for the computation of spectral broadening exploits @entity74 ( @entity74 ) simulations performed on the solute-solvent system, keeping the solute degrees of freedom frozen, followed by the computation of the excitation properties with a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approach. The factors that might influence each step of the protocol are analyzed in detail, including the selection of the empirical force field (FF) adopted in the @entity74 simulations and the QM/MM partition of the system to compute the excitation energies. The procedure is applied to a family of @entity1524 dyes, and the results are compared with experiments and with the predictions of a very recent work (Cerezo et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17, 11401-11411 ), where an implicit model was adopted for the solvent. The final spectra of the considered @entity6397 were obtained without including ad hoc phenomenological parameters and indicate that the broadenings computed with explicit and implicit models both follow the experimental trend, increasing as the polarity change from the initial to the final state increases. More in detail, the implicit model provides larger estimations of the broadening that are closer to the experimental evidence, while explicit models appear to better capture relative differences arising from different solvents or different solutes. Possible inaccuracies of the adopted FF that may lead to the observed underestimation are analyzed in detail.

title: Modeling Solvent Broadening on the Vibronic Spectra of a Series of XXXX Dyes. From Implicit to Explicit Solvent Models.

entities_list: @entity1524 :: ('MESH:C030123', 'Chemical') :: ['coumarin']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular dynamics', 'MD']

entities_list: @entity6397 :: ('MESH:D003374', 'Chemical') :: ['coumarins']

answer: @entity1524 :: (MESH:C030123,Chemical) :: ['Coumarin']


abstract: @entity3064 has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen owing to its increasing resistance to most, if not all, antibiotics in clinical use. We recently reported the occurrence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii isolates in a Malaysian tertiary hospital. The genome of one of these XDR isolates (A. baumannii AC12) was completely sequenced and comparative genome analyses were performed to elucidate the genetic basis of its antimicrobial resistance. The A. baumannii AC12 genome consists of a 3.8Mbp circular chromosome and an 8731bp cryptic plasmid, pAC12. It belongs to the ST195 lineage and is most closely related to A. baumannii BJAB0715 as well as other strains of the international clone III (IC-III) group. Two antibiotic resistance islands (RIs), designated AC12-RI1 and AC12-RI2, were found in the AC12 chromosome along with a 7kb Tn1548::armA island conferring resistance to @entity581 and @entity7187 . The 22.8kb AC12-RI1 interrupts the comM gene and harbours the @entity2893 resistance gene blaOXA-23 flanked by ISAba1 within a Tn2006-like structure. AC12-RI1 also harbours resistance determinants for @entity581 , @entity2930 and sulphonamides. The 10.3kb IS26-flanked AC12-RI2 is a derivative of AbGRI2-1, containing aphA1b and blaTEM genes (conferring @entity4028 and b-lactam resistance, respectively). The presence of numerous genes mediating resistance to various antibiotics in novel RI structures as well as other genes encoding drug transporters and efflux pumps in A. baumannii AC12 most likely contributed to its XDR characteristics.

title: Whole-genome analysis of an extensively drug-resistant clinical isolate of XXXX AC12: Insights into the mechanisms of resistance of an ST195 clone from Malaysia.

entities_list: @entity2930 :: ('MESH:D013754', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracyclines']

entities_list: @entity2893 :: ('CHEBI:46765', 'Chemical') :: ['carbapenem']

entities_list: @entity7187 :: ('MESH:D018942', 'Chemical') :: ['macrolides']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity3064 :: ('470', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity3064 :: (470,Species) :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']


abstract: During a 2-week period in May 1983 Eshowe Hospital inpatients were screened for @entity3081 and positive cases were found on all the wards that were investigated. The high incidence among paediatric @entity1 suggested the possibility of an epidemic in the community and/or @entity580 within the ward. At this time 9 paediatric nurses were found to have @entity3081 -positive stools and subsequently 8 @entity1 contracted @entity3081 after admission to hospital. The possibility of @entity580 by @entity1 -to- @entity1 transmission is suggested. In the second part of this study, our clinical experience of @entity3081 among inpatients during the period January 1983 - March 1984 is reviewed. The number of @entity1 in hospital with @entity3081 -positive stools decreased sharply during the winter months; this was possibly related to variations in both temperature and rainfall. The full range of symptomatology was seen and several @entity1 had repeated episodes of proven @entity3081 . The mortality was highest in bottlefed babies who were malnourished or under 1 year of age. Between 30 May and 15 June 1983, 293 consecutive @entity1 attending the paediatric outpatients department were screened for @entity3081 ; 99 cases were confirmed. Thus @entity3081 was shown to be present in the paediatric community outside Eshowe Hospital. Diagnosis based on the history and clinical findings proved unreliable and laboratory investigation was essential. Rivers were the most common and dangerous source of domestic water. The majority of accompanying adults questioned were using untreated water or failing to treat the water adequately.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cholera in XXXX at Eshowe Hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['cross-infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption-in particular drinking volume (DV) and risky single occasion drinking (RSOD)-has been related to a wide range of negative consequences and health problems. Previous studies also suggested that drinking in certain locations may be more strongly associated with the occurrence of alcohol-related harm than drinking in others. However, they were conducted in countries culturally and legally different from European countries and were limited to cross-sectional designs. This study investigates the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of alcohol-related harm with @entity6094 in different locations in a sample of young Swiss @entity1 . METHODS: A representative sample of 4536 young Swiss male drinkers completed baseline and 15-month follow-up questionnaires. These assessed @entity6094 in 11 locations, alcohol-related harm (i.e. number of alcohol-related consequences and alcohol use disorder criteria) and frequency of RSOD. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of alcohol-related harm with @entity6094 in each location were tested using regression models, with and without adjustment for frequency of RSOD. RESULTS: Both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses showed significant positive associations between alcohol-related harm and @entity6094 at friends' homes, in discos/nightclubs and in outdoor public places, when controlling for frequency of RSOD. In contrast, the contribution of @entity6094 at one's own home and in restaurants was consistently not significant when adjusted for frequency of RSOD. When controlling for RSOD, associations between alcohol-related harm and @entity6094 in bars/pubs, when playing sports, during other leisure activities, at cinemas/theatres, during sporting events, and during special events were not consistent between cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that prevention interventions should not only target reducing the overall volume of alcohol consumed and the frequency of RSOD in general, but they should additionally focus on limiting alcohol consumption in outdoor public places, discos/nightclubs, and in friends' homes in particular, or at least on preventing harm occurring in these occasions.

title: Drinking locations and alcohol-related harm: Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a sample of young Swiss XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The main objective is the study of the evolution of the number of incident cases of @entity263 in France from 2001 to 2012 from 5 hospital centers of urology. The secondary objective is to describe the characteristics of the incident cases and to compare them to those of the @entity1 of the national registers of @entity5 for the period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective observational multicentric study from 01/01/2001 to 31/12/2012 of databases in 5 French, public and private hospital centers of urology. The inclusive centers were selected outside departments with @entity5 register. The collected data were the prostatic biopsies performed in every center and the number of positive biopsies. The biopsies in cases of already known @entity5 and in re-evaluation were excluded. The data of age and stage (PSA and Gleason grade) were collected. The estimation of the incidence standardized in France is established after a period of observation of 3  years. The data updated in 2009 show a peak of incidence in 2005 then a decrease from 2006 (64,518 cases) until 2009 (53,465 cases). The median age in the diagnosis was of 70 years in 2005. RESULTS: Overall, 18,392 prostatic biopsies were included in the analysis. The average rate of positive biopsies was stable over the period 51.41% (IQR 0,02). The total number of cases of positive biopsies increased from 2001 to 2007 (482 cases in 1028 cases) in 2007, then decreased from 2008 to 2012 (649 cases). There was no difference in this variation between the centers. The median age in the diagnosis was of 70 years (EIQ=1.5) in 2001 and 68 years (EIQ=2.75) in 2012. PSA at diagnosis was<10ng/mL in 65% of cases and 10 to 20ng/mL in 22% of cases in 2012. The population of @entity1 of the study differed significantly from that of FRANCIM on the distribution by age ranges (year 2005, P<0.0001 and year 2009, P<0.001), which explains the gap of one year (on 2007 instead of 2006) of the peak of incidental cases. CONCLUSION: The evolution of the number of incidental cases of @entity263 in France from 2001 to 2012 from hospital data of 5  centers are similar to those of the network of registers representative of the French population. This observed evolution represents data available for @entity5 registers to estimate incidence variation between 2  publications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

title: [Evolution of the number of incident cases of XXXX in France from 2001 to 2012 from 5 hospital centers.]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The evidence on the association between @entity12098 use and @entity150 is contradictory, with many studies subject to allocation bias. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of exposure to @entity12098 on @entity150 risk internationally across several cohorts. The potential for allocation bias was minimised by focusing on the cumulative effect of @entity12098 as the primary endpoint using a time-dependent approach. METHODS: Prescription, @entity5 and mortality data from @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 were obtained from six populations across the world (British Columbia, Finland, Manchester, Rotterdam, Scotland and the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink). A discrete time failure analysis using Poisson regression was applied separately to data from each centre to model the effect of cumulative drug exposure on @entity150 incidence, with time-dependent adjustment for ever use of @entity12098 . These were then pooled using fixed and random effects meta-regression. RESULTS: Data were collated on 1.01 million @entity1 over 5.9 million @entity1 -years. There were 3,248 cases of incident @entity150 , with 117 exposed cases and a median follow-up duration of 4.0 to 7.4  years. Overall, there was no evidence for any association between cumulative exposure to @entity12098 and @entity150 in @entity1 (rate ratio [RR] per 100  days of cumulative exposure, 1.01; 95% CI 0.97, 1.06) or @entity1 ( @entity4736 .04; 95% CI 0.97, 1.11) after adjustment for age, calendar year, @entity6 duration, smoking and any ever use of @entity12098 . No association was observed between @entity6170 and @entity150 in @entity1 ( @entity4736 .01; 95% CI 0.98, 1.03) or @entity1 ( @entity4736 .00; 95% CI 0.94, 1.07). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The cumulative use of @entity12098 or @entity6170 was not associated with the incidence of @entity150 in this large, pooled multipopulation analysis.

title: XXXX and @entity150 risk: a multipopulation pooled, cumulative exposure analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person', 'people', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity12098 :: ('MESH:C060836', 'Chemical') :: ['pioglitazone']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity6170 :: ('MESH:C089730', 'Chemical') :: ['rosiglitazone']

answer: @entity12098 :: (MESH:C060836,Chemical) :: ['Pioglitazone']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The evidence on the association between @entity12098 use and @entity150 is contradictory, with many studies subject to allocation bias. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of exposure to @entity12098 on @entity150 risk internationally across several cohorts. The potential for allocation bias was minimised by focusing on the cumulative effect of @entity12098 as the primary endpoint using a time-dependent approach. METHODS: Prescription, @entity5 and mortality data from @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 were obtained from six populations across the world (British Columbia, Finland, Manchester, Rotterdam, Scotland and the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink). A discrete time failure analysis using Poisson regression was applied separately to data from each centre to model the effect of cumulative drug exposure on @entity150 incidence, with time-dependent adjustment for ever use of @entity12098 . These were then pooled using fixed and random effects meta-regression. RESULTS: Data were collated on 1.01 million @entity1 over 5.9 million @entity1 -years. There were 3,248 cases of incident @entity150 , with 117 exposed cases and a median follow-up duration of 4.0 to 7.4  years. Overall, there was no evidence for any association between cumulative exposure to @entity12098 and @entity150 in @entity1 (rate ratio [RR] per 100  days of cumulative exposure, 1.01; 95% CI 0.97, 1.06) or @entity1 ( @entity4736 .04; 95% CI 0.97, 1.11) after adjustment for age, calendar year, @entity6 duration, smoking and any ever use of @entity12098 . No association was observed between @entity6170 and @entity150 in @entity1 ( @entity4736 .01; 95% CI 0.98, 1.03) or @entity1 ( @entity4736 .00; 95% CI 0.94, 1.07). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The cumulative use of @entity12098 or @entity6170 was not associated with the incidence of @entity150 in this large, pooled multipopulation analysis.

title: @entity12098 and XXXX risk: a multipopulation pooled, cumulative exposure analysis.

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The benefit of manual thrombus aspiration (TA) in the reperfusion of @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) has been hotly debated. In most series, failure of TA has been largely unreported. Our objectives were to assess the rate, predictors, and impact on cumulative mortality of failed TA during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective study of consecutive @entity583 @entity1 undergoing PPCI with TA. TA was considered ineffective if, before angioplasty, coronary flow was TIMI <2. Independent predictors of TA failure were assessed by logistic regression, and predictors of cumulative mortality were assessed by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 574 @entity1 , TA was used in 417 (72.6%), and was effective in 365 (87.5%) and ineffective in 52 (12.5%). On multivariate analysis, SYNTAX score (OR=1.049, 95% CI: 1.015-1.084, p=0.005) and total ischemic time (OR=1.001, 95% CI: 1.000-1.003, p=0.02) were independent predictors of TA failure. Moderate or severe @entity1002 (HR=6.256, 95% CI: 1.896-20.644, p=0.003), APPROACH score (HR=1.094, 95% CI: 1.016-1.177, p=0.017), Killip class III/IV (HR=2.953, 95% CI: 1.122-7.770, p=0.028) and @entity1011 clearance on admission (HR=0.973, 95% CI: 0.953-0.994, p=0.011) were independently related to cumulative mortality at 24  0.82 months. CONCLUSIONS: Total ischemic time and SYNTAX score were independent predictors of TA failure. However, in medium-term follow-up, ineffective manual TA was not independently related to cumulative mortality.

title: Thrombus aspiration for reperfusion in XXXX : Predictors and clinical impact of ineffectiveness.

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST-elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: The glucagon stimulation test (GST) is a reliable measure for assessing @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) and @entity4545 (ACTH) secretion. The GST is considered to be a safe test, with few mild side effects, especially in adults and in the elderly in whom underlying co-morbidities may be present. OBJECTIVE: To describe the side effects of the GST in elderly @entity1 . DESIGN AND SETTING: The study was performed with @entity1 of the geriatric ambulatory of our hospital who were recruited to voluntarily participate in a research study concerning the @entity2124 and ACTH axis in the elderly @entity1 . Forty-two subjects (n=5 males and 37 females) aged 67-88 years, without @entity1640 , were submitted to the GST. The GST was performed by intramuscular injection of 1mg of glucagon. Blood samples were collected at baseline, and 90, 120, 150, and 180min after glucagon injection for @entity2124 and @entity701 measurements. RESULTS: During the test, 9 subjects (21.4%) had side effects, which included: @entity390 (14.2%), indisposition (11.9%), @entity551 (9.5%), @entity391 (7.1%), sweating (4.7%), and @entity1296 (2.3%). There were four cases of severe symptomatic @entity551 , with inaudible blood pressure in two cases. In one case of severe @entity551 , the subject suffered two episodes of generalized tonic @entity410 . @entity1 who had side effects at GST had statistically higher peak of @entity701 (28.9  6.67 g/dL) and a statistical trend to higher @entity2124 peak (8.74  5.96 g/L). In the group of @entity1 who did not have side effects, the mean @entity701 and @entity2124 peak were 19.05  5.36 g/dL and 5.32  3.52 g/L, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although the GST is a reliable alternative test to the ITT, it should be cautiously used in the elderly because this population may have co-morbidities including vascular and @entity299 that could be potentiated with side effects of the test, such as severe @entity551 .

title: Potential risks of glucagon stimulation test in elderly XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1640 :: ('MESH:D007027', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary disease']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac diseases']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: Postoperative @entity3472 (POPF) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Thus, a number of technical modifications regarding the pancreatoenteric @entity254 after PD have been proposed to reduce POPF rate. In this article we focused on evaluating whether the double layer continuous suture technique was better than the double layer interrupted suture technique in pancreatic-enteric @entity254 after PD. Material and methods: From 2012 to 2013, 114 @entity1 (67 @entity1 and 47 @entity1 ) underwent a pancreatic-enteric @entity254 after PD were analysed. There were 79 @entity1 using the double layer continuous suture technique and 35 @entity1 were using the double layer interrupted suture technique. The operation time, intraoperative @entity190 , initial postoperative day of oral feeding, postoperative hospital stay and the presence of @entity532 ( @entity3472 ) were evaluated by chi-square test or unpaired t-test in this study. Results: @entity3472 occurred in @entity1 with double layer continuous suture was 17.14%(6/35), and in those with interrupted suture was 39.24%(31/79) (p  <  0.05). Grade A of POPF was found in 4 @entity1 (4/35, 11.43%) of the double layer continuous suture group and in 5 @entity1 (5/79, 6.33%) of the double layer interrupted suture group. Grade B of POPF was identified only in 1 @entity1 (1/35, 2.83%) of the double layer continuous suture group and in 23 @entity1 (23/79, 29.11%) of the double layer interrupted suture group. The presence of Grade C @entity3472 was only documented in one @entity1  in the double layer continuous suture group and 3 @entity1 in the interrupted suture group. No operative or in-hospital deaths occurred. Conclusions: The double-layer continuous suturing after PD is safe, reliable, rapid, favorable and associated with a lower risk of @entity3472 than the double layer interrupted suture.

title: Pancreaticojejunostomy with double-layer continuous suturing is associated with a lower risk of XXXX after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['main early complications']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistulas', 'pancreatic fistula', 'Pancreatic fistulas']

answer: @entity3472 :: (MESH:D010185,Disease) :: ['pancreatic fistula']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Smoking during pregnancy is the most important, preventable cause of adverse pregnancy outcomes including @entity2208 , @entity600 , and low birth weight with huge financial costs to the National Health Service. However, there are very few published economic evaluations of smoking cessation interventions in pregnancy and previous studies are predominantly U.S.-based and do not present incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER). A number of studies have demonstrated cost-effectiveness of @entity1239 replacement therapy (NRT) in the general population, but this has yet to be tested among pregnant smokers. METHODS: A cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken alongside the smoking, @entity1239 , and pregnancy trial to compare NRT patches plus behavioral support to behavioral support alone, for pregnant @entity1 who smoked. RESULTS: At delivery, biochemically verified quit rates were slightly higher at 9.4% in the NRT group compared to 7.6% in the control group (odds ratio = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.82-1.96), at an increased cost of around   90 per @entity1 . Higher costs in the NRT group were mainly attributable to the cost of NRT patches (mean =   46.07). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio associated with NRT was   4,926 per quitter and a sensitivity analysis including only singleton births yielded an ICER of   4,156 per quitter. However, wide confidence intervals indicated a high level of uncertainty. CONCLUSIONS: Without a specific willingness to pay threshold, and due to high levels of statistical uncertainty, it is hard to determine the cost-effectiveness of NRT in this population. Furthermore, future research should address compliance issues, as these may dilute any potential effects of NRT, thus reducing the cost-effectiveness.

title: Cost-Effectiveness of XXXX Patches for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: A Placebo Randomized Controlled Trial (SNAP).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['miscarriage']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['premature birth']

answer: @entity1239 :: (MESH:D009538,Chemical) :: ['Nicotine']


abstract: The acute hemodynamic effects of 20 to 50 mg of orally administered @entity594 were evaluated in 31 @entity1 with severe chronic @entity712 ( @entity712 ) and the results were analyzed according to the response of the cardiac index (CI). Although the group mean value of CI increased significantly after @entity594 treatment (from 2.1 +/- 0.5 to 2.4 +/- 0.8 liters/min/m2, p less than 0.001), the individual response was variable. Twenty of the @entity1 had 15% or greater increase in CI (group A) and 11 @entity1 had less than a 15% increase or a decrease in CI (group B). Marked differences were also noted in the effects of @entity594 on other hemodynamic variables. @entity64 volume increased 29 +/- 14% in group A and decreased 11 +/- 18% in group B (p less than 0.001). Systemic vascular resistance decreased 34 +/- 11% in group A (p less than 0.001) and increased slightly, 2 +/- 28%, in group B. Left ventricular (LV) @entity64 work index increased 11 +/- 19% in group A (p less than 0.001) and decreased markedly in Group B (21 +/- 20%). Six group B @entity1 had a substantial worsening (20% or more) of one or more hemodynamic measurements, including CI, @entity64 volume index, @entity64 work index and mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure. A comparison of control hemodynamic values at rest, LV ejection fraction, associated @entity453 , @entity594 dose, and concomitant diuretic therapy revealed no significant differences between the 2 groups. This study confirms, in a large group of @entity1 with severe @entity712 , the variable hemodynamic effects of @entity594 therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Spectrum of acute hemodynamic effects of @entity594 in severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'LV stroke']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['congestive heart failure']


abstract: The acute hemodynamic effects of 20 to 50 mg of orally administered @entity594 were evaluated in 31 @entity1 with severe chronic @entity712 ( @entity712 ) and the results were analyzed according to the response of the cardiac index (CI). Although the group mean value of CI increased significantly after @entity594 treatment (from 2.1 +/- 0.5 to 2.4 +/- 0.8 liters/min/m2, p less than 0.001), the individual response was variable. Twenty of the @entity1 had 15% or greater increase in CI (group A) and 11 @entity1 had less than a 15% increase or a decrease in CI (group B). Marked differences were also noted in the effects of @entity594 on other hemodynamic variables. @entity64 volume increased 29 +/- 14% in group A and decreased 11 +/- 18% in group B (p less than 0.001). Systemic vascular resistance decreased 34 +/- 11% in group A (p less than 0.001) and increased slightly, 2 +/- 28%, in group B. Left ventricular (LV) @entity64 work index increased 11 +/- 19% in group A (p less than 0.001) and decreased markedly in Group B (21 +/- 20%). Six group B @entity1 had a substantial worsening (20% or more) of one or more hemodynamic measurements, including CI, @entity64 volume index, @entity64 work index and mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure. A comparison of control hemodynamic values at rest, LV ejection fraction, associated @entity453 , @entity594 dose, and concomitant diuretic therapy revealed no significant differences between the 2 groups. This study confirms, in a large group of @entity1 with severe @entity712 , the variable hemodynamic effects of @entity594 therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Spectrum of acute hemodynamic effects of XXXX in severe @entity712 .

answer: @entity594 :: (MESH:D009543,Chemical) :: ['nifedipine']


abstract: The DNA sequence upstream of the @entity16335 dehydrogenase gene (gap) of various strains of bifidobacteria is used in a number of vector systems for homologous and heterologous expression in this group of bacteria. To date none of the bifidobacterial gap promoters (Pgap) have been verified experimentally. Here, we probe a range of putative bifidobacterial promoters hypothesized to show high constitutive transcriptional activity using a b-glucuronidase reporter system. In silico analysis revealed a predicted bacterial promoter upstream of the gap gene of @entity60900 . The corresponding DNA sequences was cloned into the promoter probe vector pMDY23 and yielded highest reporter activities among the promoter sequences tested confirming previous studies. Using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5'-RACE), we identified the @entity1021 ( @entity1021 ) of Pgap of @entity60900 . The experimentally determined @entity1021 and the associated -10 and -35 regions do not match with the promoter predicted in silico. Moreover, a potential @entity3337 ( @entity3337 ) was identified upstream of the ATG start codon of the gap gene, which is complementary to the 3'-end of the 16S rRNA with only 1 mismatch suggesting efficient initiation of translation. Alignment of the Pgap sequences of a number of representative bifidobacteria showed a high level of conservation and the presence of -35 and -10 regions, which are similar but not identical to the consensus promoter sequences of house-keeping genes of @entity526 and @entity3881 . Collectively, these results confirm the suitability of Pgap for high level, constitutive expression in bifidobacteria.

title: Experimental determination and characterization of the gap promoter of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1021 :: ('MESH:D020922', 'Disease') :: ['transcription start site', 'TSS']

entities_list: @entity16335 :: ('MESH:D005986', 'Chemical') :: ['glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity60900 :: ('883062', 'Species') :: ['Bifidobacterium bifidum S17', 'B. bifidum S17']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis']

entities_list: @entity3337 :: ('MESH:D009371', 'Disease') :: ['ribosome-binding site', 'RBS']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity60900 :: (883062,Species) :: ['Bifidobacterium bifidum S17']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) is a powerful tool for model-based inference of demographic histories from large genetic data sets. For most organisms, its implementation has been hampered by the lack of sufficient genetic data. @entity5599 ( @entity5599 ) provides cheap genome-scale data to fill this gap, but its potential has not fully been exploited. Here, we explored power, precision and biases of a coalescent-based ABC approach where @entity5599 data were modelled with either a population mutation parameter (  ) or a fixed site (FS) approach, allowing single or several segregating sites per locus. With simulated data ranging from 500 to 50  000 loci, a variety of demographic models could be reliably inferred across a range of timescales and migration scenarios. Posterior estimates were informative with 1000 loci for migration and split time in simple population divergence models. In more complex models, posterior distributions were wide and almost reverted to the uninformative prior even with 50  000 loci. ABC parameter estimates, however, were generally more accurate than an alternative composite-likelihood method. Bottleneck scenarios proved particularly difficult, and only recent bottlenecks without recovery could be reliably detected and dated. Notably, minor-allele-frequency filters - usual practice for @entity5599 data - negatively affected nearly all estimates. With this in mind, we used a combination of FS and    approaches on empirical @entity5599 data generated from the @entity38165 ( @entity38165 ), collectively providing support for a population split before the last glacial maximum followed by asymmetrical migration and a high Arctic bottleneck. Overall, this study evaluates the potential and limitations of @entity5599 data in an ABC-coalescence framework and proposes a best-practice approach.

title: Demographic inferences using short-read genomic data in an approximate Bayesian computation framework: in silico evaluation of power, biases and proof of concept in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5599 :: ('MESH:D010855', 'Disease') :: ['Genotyping-by-sequencing', 'GBS']

entities_list: @entity38165 :: ('62698', 'Species') :: ['Atlantic walrus', 'Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus']

answer: @entity38165 :: (62698,Species) :: ['Atlantic walrus']


abstract: OBJECT: We present our experience with surgery of @entity1653 with special consideration of clinical presentation, surgical technique, complications, and outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective study includes three @entity1 with @entity1653 treated by the senior author between January 2005 and December 2010. The initial symptom for which they sought medical help was decreased hearing. In all of the @entity1 there had been no other @entity16 before surgery. The transcondylar approach with sigmoid sinus ligation at jugular bulb was suitable in each case. RESULTS: No @entity204 occurred in this series. All of the @entity1 deteriorated after surgery mainly due to the new lower @entity129 occurred. The @entity129 had improved considerably at the last follow-up examination but no @entity1 fully recovered. Two of three @entity1 with preoperatively impaired yet functional hearing deteriorated after surgery with no subsequent cranial nerve @entity797 function improvement. In one case postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery was performed due to non-radical @entity5 resection (Simpson Grade IV) and @entity5 remnant proved stable in the 4-year follow-up. None of the @entity1 have shown signs of @entity5 recurrence in the mean follow-up period of 56 months. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1653 represent one of the rarest subgroups of @entity1653 and their surgical treatment is associated with significant risk of permanent @entity129 .

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve deficits', 'cranial nerves palsy', 'lower cranial nerve dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningiomas', 'jugular foramen meningiomas', 'Jugular foramen meningiomas']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['jugular foramen meningiomas']


abstract: From 1977 to 1982, 13 @entity1 with @entity420 arising in the distal esophagus lined by columnar epithelium underwent esophagectomy with detailed analysis of the pathologic specimen. In three @entity1 , @entity189 was detected before @entity1141 occurred. In five @entity1 , the ectopic mucosa was discontinuous, prolonged cranially by islands of columnar epithelium scattered in the squamous mucosa. Variable degrees of @entity1141 were found in the columnar epithelium in seven specimens in areas of intestinal metaplasia. In four @entity1 with high-grade @entity1141 , several foci of @entity189 were identified. They were scattered over the whole length of the ectopic mucosa. These data strongly suggest that @entity420 develops from @entity1141 , the real @entity75 . Careful periodic screening must be carried out in @entity1 identified as having @entity355 . @entity1141 may be detected and located by endoscopy with dye spraying with directed biopsies. @entity1 with high-grade @entity1141 should undergo esophagectomy with resection of the whole ectopic mucosa because they are at high risk for development of @entity189 .

title: XXXX in columnar-lined @entity355 . Analysis of 13 esophagectomies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant lesion']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['microinvasive carcinoma', 'intramucosal carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia', 'Dysplasia']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: From 1977 to 1982, 13 @entity1 with @entity420 arising in the distal esophagus lined by columnar epithelium underwent esophagectomy with detailed analysis of the pathologic specimen. In three @entity1 , @entity189 was detected before @entity1141 occurred. In five @entity1 , the ectopic mucosa was discontinuous, prolonged cranially by islands of columnar epithelium scattered in the squamous mucosa. Variable degrees of @entity1141 were found in the columnar epithelium in seven specimens in areas of intestinal metaplasia. In four @entity1 with high-grade @entity1141 , several foci of @entity189 were identified. They were scattered over the whole length of the ectopic mucosa. These data strongly suggest that @entity420 develops from @entity1141 , the real @entity75 . Careful periodic screening must be carried out in @entity1 identified as having @entity355 . @entity1141 may be detected and located by endoscopy with dye spraying with directed biopsies. @entity1 with high-grade @entity1141 should undergo esophagectomy with resection of the whole ectopic mucosa because they are at high risk for development of @entity189 .

title: @entity420 in columnar-lined XXXX . Analysis of 13 esophagectomies.

answer: @entity355 :: (MESH:D001471,Disease) :: ['Barrett's esophagus']


abstract: To evaluate the effect of Bicitra (Willen Drug Company, Baltimore, Maryland), a commercial preparation of @entity4958 and @entity1769 , on gastric contents 150 elective outpatients allocated into six groups with 25 @entity1 in each group were studied. @entity1 in Group 1 served as controls. @entity1 in Groups 2, 3, 5, and 6 received Bicitra, po, either 15 ml (Groups 2 and 5) or 30 ml (Groups 3 and 6). In addition, @entity1 in Groups 5 and 6 also received @entity1769 10 mg, iv; Group 4 @entity1 received @entity1769 10 mg, iv. Eighty-eight per cent of @entity1 in the control group had a gastric pH less than or equal to 2.5, while 36% had a gastric content volume greater than or equal to 25 ml with pH less than or equal to 2.5. Bicitra, 15 ml and 30 ml, po, increased mean gastric pH and decreased the proportion of @entity1 with a gastric pH less than or equal to 2.5 to 32 and 16%, respectively, in Groups 2 and 3. However, Bicitra 15 ml and 30 ml, increased the mean gastric volume in Group 3 and also increased the proportion of @entity1 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml to 56% in Group 2 and 84% in Group 3. The addition of @entity1769 10 mg, iv, to Bicitra reduced the proportion of @entity1 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml in Groups 5 and 6 to 28 and 36%, respectively. @entity1769 (Group 6) independently reduced mean gastric volume (15.6 ml vs. 32.7 ml) and the proportion of @entity1 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml (20% vs. 36%). Bicitra and @entity1769 combination significantly reduced the proportion of @entity1 with gastric contents greater than or equal to 25 ml with pH less than or equal to 2.5.

title: Bicitra ( @entity4958 ) and XXXX in outpatient anesthesia for prophylaxis against aspiration pneumonitis.

entities_list: @entity4958 :: ('MESH:C102006', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium citrate']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['Metoclopramide', 'metoclopramide']

answer: @entity1769 :: (MESH:D008787,Chemical) :: ['metoclopramide']


abstract: To evaluate the effect of Bicitra (Willen Drug Company, Baltimore, Maryland), a commercial preparation of @entity4958 and @entity1769 , on gastric contents 150 elective outpatients allocated into six groups with 25 @entity1 in each group were studied. @entity1 in Group 1 served as controls. @entity1 in Groups 2, 3, 5, and 6 received Bicitra, po, either 15 ml (Groups 2 and 5) or 30 ml (Groups 3 and 6). In addition, @entity1 in Groups 5 and 6 also received @entity1769 10 mg, iv; Group 4 @entity1 received @entity1769 10 mg, iv. Eighty-eight per cent of @entity1 in the control group had a gastric pH less than or equal to 2.5, while 36% had a gastric content volume greater than or equal to 25 ml with pH less than or equal to 2.5. Bicitra, 15 ml and 30 ml, po, increased mean gastric pH and decreased the proportion of @entity1 with a gastric pH less than or equal to 2.5 to 32 and 16%, respectively, in Groups 2 and 3. However, Bicitra 15 ml and 30 ml, increased the mean gastric volume in Group 3 and also increased the proportion of @entity1 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml to 56% in Group 2 and 84% in Group 3. The addition of @entity1769 10 mg, iv, to Bicitra reduced the proportion of @entity1 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml in Groups 5 and 6 to 28 and 36%, respectively. @entity1769 (Group 6) independently reduced mean gastric volume (15.6 ml vs. 32.7 ml) and the proportion of @entity1 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml (20% vs. 36%). Bicitra and @entity1769 combination significantly reduced the proportion of @entity1 with gastric contents greater than or equal to 25 ml with pH less than or equal to 2.5.

title: Bicitra ( XXXX ) and @entity1769 in outpatient anesthesia for prophylaxis against aspiration pneumonitis.

answer: @entity4958 :: (MESH:C102006,Chemical) :: ['sodium citrate']


abstract: 1. Serum and lipoprotein @entity165 and @entity1674 were measured before, during and after the administration of @entity46229 (500 mg daily) for 21 days to six healthy volunteer subjects. 2. Evidence of enzyme induction was provided by significant rises in @entity41379 excretion and antipyrine clearance. 3. Concentrations of total serum @entity165 , very-low-density-lipoprotein-, low-density-lipoprotein and high-density-lipoprotein- @entity165 rose significantly during treatment. 4. The time course of these changes was delayed in comparison with the rise and fall in @entity41379 excretion. 5. There was no change in the @entity412 content of either whole serum or lipoprotein fractions at any time during the trial. 6. The study provides further evidence that enzyme-inducing agents cause a rise in certain lipid concentrations.

title: Enzyme induction and serum and lipoprotein lipids: a study of XXXX in normal subjects.

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity46229 :: ('MESH:D005984', 'Chemical') :: ['glutethimide']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity41379 :: ('MESH:D005937', 'Chemical') :: ['D-glucaric acid']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity46229 :: (MESH:D005984,Chemical) :: ['glutethimide']


abstract: The influence of @entity2379 ( @entity11015 ) on the aggregation of @entity6415 ( @entity6415 ) was examined by means of in vitro aggregometry as well as in an in vivo model of @entity358 ( @entity358 ). The @entity11015 caused a dose-dependent aggregation of @entity6415 that was partially blocked by addition of serum to the drug prior to its reaction with the @entity6415 . No aggregation of @entity6415 was seen after the addition of @entity8701 , a similar polyene antibiotic. In vivo studies were conducted in @entity95 , where @entity358 was induced by an intravenous infusion of zymosan-activated plasma (ZAP) or @entity4514 ( @entity4515 ), and the degree of resulting @entity6922 was expressed as the number of @entity6415 per @entity2194 ( @entity2194 ). Animals in the control group had 6 +/- 3 @entity6415 / @entity2194 . This number increased to 12.4 +/- 5.6 when ZAP was infused and postmortem examination was performed 1 h later and to 17.4 +/- 4 if the examination was performed after 24 h. These numbers increased more than twice when @entity11015 (1 mg/kg) was infused together with the ZAP. Increased @entity358 after the infusion of ZAP and @entity11015 was not attenuated by prior administration of @entity1667 (30 mg/kg) to the animals. Infusions of @entity11015 per se caused no significant @entity358 but did cause increased pinocytosis in the pulmonary endothelium. Enhancement of @entity358 by @entity11015 was also examined in a model of PMA-induced @entity358 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity2379 causes aggregation of neutrophils and enhances XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6415 :: ('MESH:C566014', 'Disease') :: ['polymorphonuclear leukocytes', 'PMN']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['HPF', 'high power field']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity6922 :: ('MESH:D018921', 'Disease') :: ['leukostasis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary leukostasis', 'PL']

entities_list: @entity4514 :: ('MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol myristate acetate']

entities_list: @entity8701 :: ('MESH:D009761', 'Chemical') :: ['nystatin']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary leukostasis']


abstract: The influence of @entity2379 ( @entity11015 ) on the aggregation of @entity6415 ( @entity6415 ) was examined by means of in vitro aggregometry as well as in an in vivo model of @entity358 ( @entity358 ). The @entity11015 caused a dose-dependent aggregation of @entity6415 that was partially blocked by addition of serum to the drug prior to its reaction with the @entity6415 . No aggregation of @entity6415 was seen after the addition of @entity8701 , a similar polyene antibiotic. In vivo studies were conducted in @entity95 , where @entity358 was induced by an intravenous infusion of zymosan-activated plasma (ZAP) or @entity4514 ( @entity4515 ), and the degree of resulting @entity6922 was expressed as the number of @entity6415 per @entity2194 ( @entity2194 ). Animals in the control group had 6 +/- 3 @entity6415 / @entity2194 . This number increased to 12.4 +/- 5.6 when ZAP was infused and postmortem examination was performed 1 h later and to 17.4 +/- 4 if the examination was performed after 24 h. These numbers increased more than twice when @entity11015 (1 mg/kg) was infused together with the ZAP. Increased @entity358 after the infusion of ZAP and @entity11015 was not attenuated by prior administration of @entity1667 (30 mg/kg) to the animals. Infusions of @entity11015 per se caused no significant @entity358 but did cause increased pinocytosis in the pulmonary endothelium. Enhancement of @entity358 by @entity11015 was also examined in a model of PMA-induced @entity358 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX causes aggregation of neutrophils and enhances @entity358 .

answer: @entity2379 :: (MESH:D000666,Chemical) :: ['Amphotericin B']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Many @entity1 with @entity64 receive integrative medicine in China, which includes the basic treatment of Western medicine and routine rehabilitation, in conjunction with acupuncture and Chinese medicine. The question of whether integrative medicine is efficacious for @entity64 rehabilitation is still controversial and very little research currently exists on the integrated approach for this condition. Consequently, we will conduct a multicentre, randomised, controlled, assessor-blinded clinical trial to assess the effectiveness of integrative medicine on @entity64 rehabilitation. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: 360 @entity1 recruited from three large Chinese medical hospitals in Zhejiang Province will be randomly divided into the integrative medicine rehabilitation (IMR) group and the conventional rehabilitation (CR) group in a 1:1 ratio. @entity1 in the IMR group will receive acupuncture and Chinese herbs in addition to basic Western medicine and rehabilitation treatment. The CR group will not receive acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine. The assessment data will be collected at baseline, 4 and 8   weeks postrandomisation, and then at 12   weeks' follow-up. The primary outcome is measured by the Modified Barthel Index. The secondary outcomes are the National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment, the mini-mental state examination and Montreal Cognitive, Hamilton's @entity308 Scale and Self-Rating @entity308 Scale, and the incidence of adverse events. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was obtained from ethics committees of three hospitals. The results will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at international congresses. The results will also be disseminated to @entity1 by telephone, during follow-up calls inquiring on @entity1 's post-study health status. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Chinese Clinical Trial Register: ChiCTR-TRC-12001972, http://www.chictr.org/en/proj/show.aspx?proj=2561.

title: Integrative medicine for subacute XXXX rehabilitation: a study protocol for a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Calcific @entity886 affects 10%-15% of the elderly population, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. There is no imaging technique that allows for the assessment of tissue composition of the valve in  vivo. We thus investigated whether multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could characterize and quantify lipid, fibrous, and mineralized tissues within aortic valve (AV) cusps. METHODS: AV leaflets were explanted from @entity1 with severe @entity472 at the time of valve replacement surgery. Aortic cusps were imaged ex  vivo using 1.5T MRI using 3 gradient-echo sequences with T1, moderate T2, and proton density weightings (T1w, T2w, and PDw). Histopathologic analysis was performed on coregistered slices to identify and measure mineralized tissue, fibrous tissue, and lipid-rich tissue. Area and mean grey values were measured in @entity5953 weightings by standardized software. RESULTS: Four hundred ninety-two regions of interest from 30 AV leaflets were studied. Total leaflet surface and the areas of mineralized (P < 0.0001), fibrous (P  = 0.002), and lipid-rich (P  = 0.0001) tissues measured by MRI matched closely those measured by histopathologic examination. @entity5953 weightings provided significant discrimination between median grey values for mineralized, fibrous, and lipid-rich tissues (P < 0.0001 for T1w, moderate T2w, and PDw). A best-fit equation integrating the grey value data from @entity5953 weightings allowed multiparametric MRI to identify valve leaflet components with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.92, 0.81, and 0.72, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: AV leaflet characteristics, including tissue composition, distribution, and area, may be successfully measured by multiparametric MRI with good to excellent accuracy.

title: Valve tissue characterization by magnetic resonance imaging in calcific XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve disease']

answer: @entity886 :: (MESH:C563178,Disease) :: ['aortic valve disease']


abstract: Current guideline-based recommendations for oral dual-antiplatelet therapy in an @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) include the use of newer @entity857 receptor inhibitor ( @entity857 ri) regimens and agents. The Canadian @entity1187 Reflective Program is a multicenter observational quality-enhancement project that compared the use of @entity857 ri therapy in 2 phases (November 2011-March 2013 and April 2013-November 2013) and also compared ADPri use with previous national data from the Canadian Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (2000-2008). Of 3099 @entity1 with @entity1187 , 30.6% had @entity583 ( @entity583 ), 52.3% had non- @entity583 , and 17% had @entity1459 . There was high use of dual-antiplatelet therapy for  <= 24 hours, with important increases noted when compared with previous national experience (P for trend, < 0.0001). @entity1397 was the most commonly used @entity857 ri (82.2%), with lower use of the newer agents @entity3077 (9.0%) and @entity3076 (3.1%). Ticagrelor and @entity3076 use was most frequent in @entity1 with @entity583 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention PCI (34.3%). There was relatively lower use of @entity857 ri therapy at discharge; it was given mainly to @entity1 who did not undergo PCI (68.2%) and to those with non-ST-elevation @entity1187 (82%). When comparing the 2 consecutive phases of data collection in the @entity1187 Reflective, there was an approximate 3- and 2-fold increase in the early and discharge use of the newer ADPri agents, respectively. In conclusion, there has been a temporal increase in ADPri use compared with previous national experience and an increased uptake of newer @entity857 ri agents. Additional work is needed to identify and address barriers limiting optimal implementation of these newer guideline-recommended agents into routine Canadian practice.

title: Increased uptake of guideline-recommended oral antiplatelet therapy: insights from the canadian XXXX reflective.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3076 :: ('MESH:C408153', 'Chemical') :: ['prasugrel']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['Clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity3077 :: ('MESH:C503700', 'Chemical') :: ['ticagrelor']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['ADP', 'adenosine diphosphate']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: Fifty-six blunt @entity1230 @entity1 (HTI-ISS 22-57) were studied for the effects of immediate versus delayed internal fixation of a femur or acetabular @entity174 on the @entity358 septic state. The @entity358 septic state may be defined as an alveolar arterial @entity26 tension difference greater than 100, plus @entity221 and @entity491 . These @entity1 were divided into four groups. Group I (N = 20) had immediate internal fixation, postoperative ventilatory support, and was sitting up at 30 hours. Group II (N = 20) had 10 days of femur traction and postoperative ventilatory support. Group III (N = 9) was immediately extubated after surgery and had 30 days of femur traction. Group IV (N = 7) had special circumstances that should increase the duration of the @entity358 septic state. These four groups of @entity1 were statistically identical by 20 different criteria on admission except that Group I had more recognized chest injuries than Group II (12 vs. 9). Group I required 3.4 +/- 2.6 days of ventilator support and 7.5 +/- 3.8 intensive care unit (ICU) days; they had 12 +/- 8.8 elevated white counts, 3.8 +/- 4 febrile days, 0.05 positive blood cultures per @entity1 , four @entity174 complications out of 93 @entity174 , 59 injections of narcotics, and 23 +/- 8.6 acute care days. Ten days of femur traction doubled the duration of the @entity358 septic state relative to Group I at a statistically significant level for nine out of 10 criteria, while increasing the number of positive blood cultures by a factor of 10, the number of @entity174 complications by a factor of 3.5, and the use of injectable narcotics by a factor of 2. Thirty days of femur traction increased the duration of the @entity358 septic state relative to Group I by a factor of 3 to 5 for all criteria at a statistically significant level, while increasing @entity174 complications by a factor of 17, positive blood cultures by a factor of 74, and the use of narcotics by a factor of 2. Group IV, which had four out of seven immediate internal fixations, behaved similarly to Group II. Femoral shaft traction should be avoided in the blunt @entity1230 @entity1 because it greatly increases the cost of care and the risk of @entity881 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Blunt @entity1230 (ISS 36), femur traction, and the XXXX -septic state.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary failure']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple trauma']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple systems organ failure']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary failure']


abstract: Fifty-six blunt @entity1230 @entity1 (HTI-ISS 22-57) were studied for the effects of immediate versus delayed internal fixation of a femur or acetabular @entity174 on the @entity358 septic state. The @entity358 septic state may be defined as an alveolar arterial @entity26 tension difference greater than 100, plus @entity221 and @entity491 . These @entity1 were divided into four groups. Group I (N = 20) had immediate internal fixation, postoperative ventilatory support, and was sitting up at 30 hours. Group II (N = 20) had 10 days of femur traction and postoperative ventilatory support. Group III (N = 9) was immediately extubated after surgery and had 30 days of femur traction. Group IV (N = 7) had special circumstances that should increase the duration of the @entity358 septic state. These four groups of @entity1 were statistically identical by 20 different criteria on admission except that Group I had more recognized chest injuries than Group II (12 vs. 9). Group I required 3.4 +/- 2.6 days of ventilator support and 7.5 +/- 3.8 intensive care unit (ICU) days; they had 12 +/- 8.8 elevated white counts, 3.8 +/- 4 febrile days, 0.05 positive blood cultures per @entity1 , four @entity174 complications out of 93 @entity174 , 59 injections of narcotics, and 23 +/- 8.6 acute care days. Ten days of femur traction doubled the duration of the @entity358 septic state relative to Group I at a statistically significant level for nine out of 10 criteria, while increasing the number of positive blood cultures by a factor of 10, the number of @entity174 complications by a factor of 3.5, and the use of injectable narcotics by a factor of 2. Thirty days of femur traction increased the duration of the @entity358 septic state relative to Group I by a factor of 3 to 5 for all criteria at a statistically significant level, while increasing @entity174 complications by a factor of 17, positive blood cultures by a factor of 74, and the use of narcotics by a factor of 2. Group IV, which had four out of seven immediate internal fixations, behaved similarly to Group II. Femoral shaft traction should be avoided in the blunt @entity1230 @entity1 because it greatly increases the cost of care and the risk of @entity881 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Blunt XXXX (ISS 36), femur traction, and the @entity358 -septic state.

answer: @entity1230 :: (MESH:D009104,Disease) :: ['multiple trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported @entity85 to be the most common reason for revision hip arthroscopy. An awareness of the most frequent locations of the @entity85 may be critical to minimize these failures. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: The purposes of this study were to (1) define the three-dimensional (3-D) morphology of hips with residual symptoms before revision femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) surgery; (2) determine the limitation in range of motion (ROM) in these @entity1 using dynamic, computer-assisted, 3-D analysis; and (3) compare these measures with a cohort of @entity1 who underwent successful arthroscopic surgery for FAI by a high-volume hip arthroscopist. METHODS: Between 2008 and 2013, one senior surgeon ( @entity13852 ) performed revision arthroscopic FAI procedures on @entity1 with residual FAI @entity85 after prior unsuccessful arthroscopic surgery; all of these 47 @entity1 (50 hips) had preoperative CT scans. Mean @entity1 age was 29    9 years (range, 16-52 years). Three-dimensional models of the hips were created to allow measurements of femoral and acetabular morphology and ROM to bony impingement using a validated, computer-based dynamic imaging software. During the same time period, 65 @entity1 with successful primary arthroscopic treatment of FAI by the same surgeon underwent preoperative CT scans for the symptomatic contralateral hip; this group of 65 @entity1 thus fortuitously provided postoperative evaluation of the originally operated hip and served as a control group. A comparison of the virtual correction with the actual correction in the primary successful FAI treatment cohort was performed. Correspondingly, a comparison of the recommended virtual correction with the correction evident at the time of presentation after failed primary surgery in the revision cohort was performed. Analysis was performed by two independent observers (JRR, @entity571 ) and a paired t-test was used for comparison of continuous variables, whereas chi-square testing was used for categorical variables with p < 0.05 defined as significant. RESULTS: Ninety percent (45 of 50) of @entity1 undergoing revision surgery for symptomatic FAI had @entity85 ; the mean maximal alpha angle in revision hips was 68      16   and was most often located at 1:15, considering the acetabulum as a clockface and 1 to 5 o'clock as anterior independent of side. Twenty-six percent (13 of 50) of hips had signs of overcoverage with a lateral center-edge angle greater than or equal to 40  . Dynamic analysis revealed mean direct hip flexion of 114      11   to osseous impingement. Internal rotation in 90   of hip flexion and flexion, adduction, internal rotation to osseous contact were 28      12   and 20      10  , respectively, which were less than those in hips that had underwent hip arthroscopy by a high-volume hip arthroscopist (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We found marked radiographic evidence of @entity85 in @entity1 with residual symptoms compared with @entity1 with successful results with @entity85 present in the large majority of @entity1 (45 of 50 [90%]) undergoing residual FAI surgery. We recommend careful attention to full 3-D resection of impinging structures.

title: XXXX is the most common reason for revision hip arthroscopy: a three-dimensional CT study.

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity and symptoms', 'residual deformity', 'incomplete correction of deformity', 'residual deformities']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['Residual deformity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) derived native myocardial T1 is decreased in @entity1 with @entity2314 even before @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ) occurs and may be the first non-invasive measure of myocyte sphingolipid storage. The relationship of native T1 lowering prior to @entity1184 and other candidate early phenotype markers are unknown. Furthermore, the reproducibility of T1 mapping has never been assessed in @entity2314 . METHODS: Sixty-three @entity1 , 34 (54%) female, mean age 48  15 years with confirmed (genotyped) @entity2314 underwent CMR, ECG and echocardiographic assessment. @entity4346 was absent in 25 (40%) @entity1 . Native T1 mapping was performed with both Modified Look-Locker Inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequences and a shortened version (ShMOLLI) at 1.5 Tesla. Twenty-one @entity1 underwent a second scan within 24 hours to assess inter-study reproducibility. Results were compared with 63 healthy age and gender-matched volunteers. RESULTS: Mean native T1 in @entity2314 ( @entity4346 positive), ( @entity4346 negative) and healthy volunteers was 853  50 ms, 904  46 ms and 968  32 ms (for all p<0.0001) by ShMOLLI sequences. Native T1 showed high inter-study, intra-observer and inter-observer agreement with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) of 0.99, 0.98, 0.97 (ShMOLLI) and 0.98, 0.98, 0.98 (MOLLI). In @entity2314 @entity4346 negative individuals, low native T1 was associated with reduced echocardiographic-based global longitudinal speckle tracking strain (-18  2% vs -22  2%, p=0.001) and early diastolic function impairment (E/E'=7 [6-8] vs 5 [5-6], p=0.028). CONCLUSION: Native T1 mapping in @entity2314 is a reproducible technique. T1 reduction prior to the onset of @entity4346 is associated with early diastolic and systolic changes measured by echocardiography.

title: Reproducibility of native myocardial T1 mapping in the assessment of XXXX and its role in early detection of cardiac involvement by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2314 :: ('MESH:D000795', 'Disease') :: ['Fabry disease']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy', 'LVH']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

answer: @entity2314 :: (MESH:D000795,Disease) :: ['Fabry disease']


abstract: Objective: This article describes the diagnosis, clinical and microscopic (histopathology and ultrastructural) features and treatment of a new family with @entity29883 ( @entity29883 ) and highlights the importance of this @entity74 . Study Design: To characterize the pattern of inheritance and the clinical features, members of a new family with @entity29883 were examined. The pedigree was reliably constructed including the four latest generations of family. @entity1710 and @entity1711 staining and ultrastructural analysis were performed with the gingival tissue. Results: Examination of the family pedigree revealed that the @entity1 III-2 represent the index @entity1 of this family (initial @entity1 with a mutation), which was transmitted to her daughter through an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. The affected @entity1 showed a generalized @entity8032 . The @entity1 was treated with surgical procedures of gingivectomy and gingivoplasty. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology examination that showed a well-structured epithelium with @entity14968 inserted in fibrous connective tissue with increased amount of collagen. The ultrastructural aspects of the tissue show collagen fibrils exhibiting their typically repeating banding pattern with some fibrils displaying loops at their end. Moreover, it was possible to seen in some regions fibrillar component presenting tortuous aspects and loss of the alignment among them. Conclusions: This @entity29883 frequently resulted in both esthetic and functional problems. The genetic pattern of this Brazilian family suggested a new mutation, which was later transmitted by an autosomal dominant trait.

title: XXXX : Clinical and ultrastructural features of a new family.

entities_list: @entity14968 :: ('MESH:D013851', 'Disease') :: ['elongated and thin papillae']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['Hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic condition']

entities_list: @entity29883 :: ('MESH:C562884', 'Disease') :: ['HGF', 'hereditary gingival fibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity8032 :: ('MESH:D019214', 'Disease') :: ['gingival overgrowth']

answer: @entity29883 :: (MESH:C562884,Disease) :: ['Hereditary gingival fibromatosis']


abstract: Methanotrophs are crucial in regulating @entity577 emission from @entity579 field systems. Type II methanotrophs in particular are often observed in high abundance in paddy soil. Some cultivated species of Methylocystis are able to grow on @entity598 in the absence of @entity577 . We hypothesize that the dominant type II methanotrophs in paddy soil might facultatively utilize @entity598 for growth, which we evaluate in the present study. The measurement of @entity577 oxidation rates showed that the methanotrophic activity in paddy soil was inhibited by the addition of @entity598 compared to the continuous supplementation of @entity577 , but the paddy soil maintained the @entity577 oxidation capacity and recovered following @entity577 supplementation. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (T-RFLP) combined with cloning and sequencing of pmoA genes showed that Methylocystis was enriched after incubation with added @entity598 , while the type I methanotrophs Methylocaldum/Methylococcus and Methylobacter were enriched by @entity577 supplementation. A comparison of pmoA sequences obtained in this study with those in the public database indicated that they were globally widespread in paddy soils or in associated with @entity579 roots. Furthermore, we performed stable isotope probing (SIP) of pmoA messenger RNA (mRNA) to investigate the assimilation of (13)C-acetate by paddy soil methanotrophs. RNA-SIP revealed that Methylocystis-related methanotrophs which shared the same genotype of the above enriched species were significantly labelled. It indicates that these methanotrophs actively assimilated the labelled @entity598 in paddy soil. Altogether, these results suggested that uncultivated Methylocystis species are facultative methanotrophs utilizing @entity598 as a secondary carbon source in paddy soil.

title: Uncultivated Methylocystis Species in Paddy Soil Include Facultative Methanotrophs that Utilize XXXX .

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

answer: @entity598 :: (CHEBI:47622,Chemical) :: ['Acetate']