abstract: The study aimed to analyze the lifestyles, weight control behavior, dietary habits, and @entity308 of female university students. The subjects were 532 students from 8 universities located in 4 provinces in Korea. According to percent ideal body weight, 33 (6.4%), 181 (34.0%), 283 (53.2%), 22 (4.1%) and 13 (2.5%) were severely underweight, underweight, normal, overweight and @entity28 , respectively, based on self-reported height and weight. As much as 64.1% and only 2.4%, respectively, overestimated and underestimated their body weight status. Six overweight subjects were excluded from overestimation group for the purpose of this study, resulting in overestimation group consisting of only underweight and normal weight subjects. Compared to those from the normal perception group, significantly more subjects from the overestimation group were currently smoking (P = 0.017) and drank more often than once a week (P = 0.015), without any significant differences in dietary habits. Despite similar BMIs, subjects who overestimated their own weight statuses had significantly higher weight dissatisfaction (P = 0.000), @entity28 stress (P = 0.000), obsession to lose weight (P = 0.007) and @entity308 (P = 0.018). Also, more of them wanted to lose weight (P = 0.000), checked their body weights more often than once a week (P = 0.025) and had dieting experiences using 'reducing meal size' (P = 0.012), 'reducing snacks' (P = 0.042) and 'taking prescribed pills' (P = 0.032), and presented 'for a wider range of clothes selection' as the reason for weight loss (P = 0.039), although none was actually overweight or @entity28 . Unlike the case with overestimating one's own weight, being overweight was associated with less drinking (P = 0.035) and exercising more often (P = 0.001) and for longer (P = 0.001) and healthier reasons for weight control (P = 0.002), despite no differences in frequency of weighing and @entity308 . The results showed that weight overestimation, independent of weight status, is associated with risky lifestyles, weight control behaviors, and mental conditions. Preventive interventions should focus not only on @entity28 , but also on body weight overestimation.

title: Overestimation of own body weights in female university students: associations with lifestyles, weight control behaviors and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 who snore but do not have gas exchange abnormalities or alterations of sleep architecture have @entity20202 ( @entity20202 ). Since increasing evidence suggest that @entity20202 may be associated with morbidity, we hypothesized that assessing genome-wide gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) will identify a distinct signature in @entity20202 @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 (aged 4-9 years) with and without habitual snoring and a normal @entity15203 were designated as either @entity20202 or controls. Whole genome expression profiles of PBL and metabolic parameters in 30 @entity1 with @entity20202 and 30 age-, gender-, ethnicity-, and BMI-matched controls were compared. Pathway-focused gene network analysis of the PBL transcriptome was performed. Metabolic parameters were measured in an independent follow-up cohort of 98 @entity1 (64 @entity20202 and 34 controls) to evaluate the computationally derived findings. RESULTS: @entity20202 was not associated with a distinct transcriptional signature in PBL. Exploratory functional network analysis of enriched gene sets identified a number of putative pathways-including those mapping to insulin signaling, adipocyte differentiation, and @entity28 -with significant alterations in @entity413 metabolism and insulin sensitivity emerging in the follow-up cohort of @entity1 with @entity20202 , but no differences in lipid profiles. CONCLUSIONS: @entity20202 @entity1 do not exhibit global perturbations in their PBL transcriptional response, suggesting that current normative @entity15203 criteria are overall valid. However, subtle differences in functionally coherent pathways involved in glycemic homeostasis were detected and confirmed in a larger independent pediatric cohort indicating that @entity20202 may carry increased risk for end-organ morbidity in susceptible @entity1 .

title: Peripheral blood leukocyte gene expression patterns and metabolic parameters in habitually snoring and non-snoring XXXX with normal polysomnographic findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity20202 :: ('MESH:D012913', 'Disease') :: ['primary snoring', 'PS']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: @entity972 ions in dentifrices for treating 'hypersensitive' dentin are believed to act directly on intradental nerves by raising extracellular @entity972 ion concentration ([K+]o) sufficiently to prevent action potential generation by axonal accommodation. However, the [K+]o necessary to block nerve conduction is not precisely known, nor is it certain that K+ can diffuse from a dentifrice in sufficient amounts to inactivate intradental nerves. To establish more accurately the [K+]o required to block nerve conduction under controlled conditions, we studied the effects of increased [K+]o on the sizes of @entity8119 ( @entity8119 ) recorded from @entity35 spinal nerves in vitro. [K+]o was increased by the addition of either KCl or KNO3 to Krebs' solutions applied to the central portion of the nerves. @entity8119 attenuation increased in a dose-dependent manner as [K+]o was raised in the 8 to 64 mmol/L range, and complete block was generally produced with solutions containing at least 32 mmol/L K+. @entity8119 attenuation was reversible, and recovery times increased with increasing [K+]o. The effects of @entity4338 and KNO3 solutions were the same for all [K+]o tested. Half-maximal (50%) reduction in the A beta-fiber component of the @entity8119 occurred with 17.4 mmol/L K+, and with 17.8 mmol/L and 19.3 mmol/L K+, respectively, for the A delta- and @entity7183 components. Control experiments with @entity413 and @entity1877 confirmed that the conduction block observed with increased [K+]o was not due to increased solution osmolarity or ionic strength.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of XXXX ions on action potential conduction in A- and C-fibers of @entity35 spinal nerves.

entities_list: @entity8119 :: ('MESH:C537188', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'compound action potentials']

entities_list: @entity1877 :: ('MESH:D002794', 'Chemical') :: ['choline chloride']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium', 'Potassium']

answer: @entity972 :: (MESH:D011188,Chemical) :: ['potassium']


abstract: @entity972 ions in dentifrices for treating 'hypersensitive' dentin are believed to act directly on intradental nerves by raising extracellular @entity972 ion concentration ([K+]o) sufficiently to prevent action potential generation by axonal accommodation. However, the [K+]o necessary to block nerve conduction is not precisely known, nor is it certain that K+ can diffuse from a dentifrice in sufficient amounts to inactivate intradental nerves. To establish more accurately the [K+]o required to block nerve conduction under controlled conditions, we studied the effects of increased [K+]o on the sizes of @entity8119 ( @entity8119 ) recorded from @entity35 spinal nerves in vitro. [K+]o was increased by the addition of either KCl or KNO3 to Krebs' solutions applied to the central portion of the nerves. @entity8119 attenuation increased in a dose-dependent manner as [K+]o was raised in the 8 to 64 mmol/L range, and complete block was generally produced with solutions containing at least 32 mmol/L K+. @entity8119 attenuation was reversible, and recovery times increased with increasing [K+]o. The effects of @entity4338 and KNO3 solutions were the same for all [K+]o tested. Half-maximal (50%) reduction in the A beta-fiber component of the @entity8119 occurred with 17.4 mmol/L K+, and with 17.8 mmol/L and 19.3 mmol/L K+, respectively, for the A delta- and @entity7183 components. Control experiments with @entity413 and @entity1877 confirmed that the conduction block observed with increased [K+]o was not due to increased solution osmolarity or ionic strength.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of @entity972 ions on action potential conduction in A- and C-fibers of XXXX spinal nerves.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the predictive value of T wave amplitude and ST segment level on lead I for @entity951 , a first @entity583 , @entity944 and @entity301 in middle-aged and elderly @entity1 . BACKGROUND: Certain ST-T wave characteristics may reflect favorable autonomic cardiac control. Slight ST segment elevation has been reported to indicate a low risk of @entity301 mortality. METHODS: A total of 876 @entity1 , born between 1900 and 1920, participated in periodic medical examinations and were followed up with respect to morbidity and mortality from 1960 to 1985. In 1985, the remaining cohort was extended to 836 elderly @entity1 from the same birth cohort who were followed up until 1990. Relative risks in categories of T wave amplitude and ST segment level were estimated by survival analysis. RESULTS: Both middle-aged and elderly @entity1 with T wave amplitudes > or = 0.15 mV had a lower risk of @entity583 , @entity301 and @entity944 than @entity1 with T wave amplitudes 0.05 to 0.15 mV. The adjusted relative risk of @entity301 was 0.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2 to 1.0); in @entity1 with T wave amplitude < or = 0.05 mV, relative risk was 2.0 (95% CI 1.3 to 3.1). Slight ST segment elevation was also associated with decreased risk: relative risk 0.5 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.0) compared with the isoelectric ST segment level. In @entity1 with ST segment @entity308 , relative risk was 2.2 (95% CI 1.4 to 3.4). The association of T wave amplitude and ST segment level were independent of each other. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the elevated risk of @entity301 that is associated with ST-T wave abnormalities, we observed that normal variations in repolarization characteristics are predictive of future @entity299 .

title: ST segment and T wave characteristics as indicators of XXXX risk: the Zutphen Study.

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease death', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: The @entity876 @entity5 suppressor, a central mediator of chemosensitivity in normal cells, is functionally inactivated in many @entity1 @entity5 . Therefore, a central challenge in @entity1 @entity5 therapy is the identification of pathways that control @entity5 cell survival and chemosensitivity in the absence of functional @entity876 . The @entity876 -related transcription factors @entity4206 and @entity9486 exhibit distinct functions   @entity9486 mediates chemosensitivity while @entity4206 promotes proliferation and cell survival   and are both overexpressed in @entity957 ( @entity957 ). However, how @entity4206 and @entity9486 interact functionally and govern the balance between prosurvival and proapoptotic programs in SCC remains elusive. Here, we identify a microRNA-dependent mechanism of @entity4206 / @entity9486 crosstalk that regulates @entity876 -independent survival of both @entity1 and @entity19 SCC. We first discovered that a subset of @entity4206 -regulated microRNAs target @entity9486 for inhibition. One of these, @entity73361 -5p, expression of which was repressed by @entity4206 , was activated by proapoptotic @entity9486 isoforms in both normal cells and @entity5 cells in vivo. Chemotherapy caused @entity4206 / @entity9486 -dependent induction of this microRNA, thereby limiting chemosensitivity due to microRNA-mediated feedback inhibition of @entity9486 . Importantly, inhibiting @entity73361 interrupted this feedback and thereby suppressed @entity5 cell viability and induced dramatic chemosensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we have identified a direct, microRNA-dependent regulatory circuit mediating inducible chemoresistance, whose inhibition may provide a new therapeutic opportunity in @entity876 -deficient @entity5 .

title: A microRNA-dependent program controls @entity876 -independent survival and chemosensitivity in @entity1 and @entity19 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['SCCs', 'squamous cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: The @entity876 @entity5 suppressor, a central mediator of chemosensitivity in normal cells, is functionally inactivated in many @entity1 @entity5 . Therefore, a central challenge in @entity1 @entity5 therapy is the identification of pathways that control @entity5 cell survival and chemosensitivity in the absence of functional @entity876 . The @entity876 -related transcription factors @entity4206 and @entity9486 exhibit distinct functions   @entity9486 mediates chemosensitivity while @entity4206 promotes proliferation and cell survival   and are both overexpressed in @entity957 ( @entity957 ). However, how @entity4206 and @entity9486 interact functionally and govern the balance between prosurvival and proapoptotic programs in SCC remains elusive. Here, we identify a microRNA-dependent mechanism of @entity4206 / @entity9486 crosstalk that regulates @entity876 -independent survival of both @entity1 and @entity19 SCC. We first discovered that a subset of @entity4206 -regulated microRNAs target @entity9486 for inhibition. One of these, @entity73361 -5p, expression of which was repressed by @entity4206 , was activated by proapoptotic @entity9486 isoforms in both normal cells and @entity5 cells in vivo. Chemotherapy caused @entity4206 / @entity9486 -dependent induction of this microRNA, thereby limiting chemosensitivity due to microRNA-mediated feedback inhibition of @entity9486 . Importantly, inhibiting @entity73361 interrupted this feedback and thereby suppressed @entity5 cell viability and induced dramatic chemosensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we have identified a direct, microRNA-dependent regulatory circuit mediating inducible chemoresistance, whose inhibition may provide a new therapeutic opportunity in @entity876 -deficient @entity5 .

title: A microRNA-dependent program controls XXXX -independent survival and chemosensitivity in @entity1 and @entity19 @entity957 .

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: The @entity876 @entity5 suppressor, a central mediator of chemosensitivity in normal cells, is functionally inactivated in many @entity1 @entity5 . Therefore, a central challenge in @entity1 @entity5 therapy is the identification of pathways that control @entity5 cell survival and chemosensitivity in the absence of functional @entity876 . The @entity876 -related transcription factors @entity4206 and @entity9486 exhibit distinct functions   @entity9486 mediates chemosensitivity while @entity4206 promotes proliferation and cell survival   and are both overexpressed in @entity957 ( @entity957 ). However, how @entity4206 and @entity9486 interact functionally and govern the balance between prosurvival and proapoptotic programs in SCC remains elusive. Here, we identify a microRNA-dependent mechanism of @entity4206 / @entity9486 crosstalk that regulates @entity876 -independent survival of both @entity1 and @entity19 SCC. We first discovered that a subset of @entity4206 -regulated microRNAs target @entity9486 for inhibition. One of these, @entity73361 -5p, expression of which was repressed by @entity4206 , was activated by proapoptotic @entity9486 isoforms in both normal cells and @entity5 cells in vivo. Chemotherapy caused @entity4206 / @entity9486 -dependent induction of this microRNA, thereby limiting chemosensitivity due to microRNA-mediated feedback inhibition of @entity9486 . Importantly, inhibiting @entity73361 interrupted this feedback and thereby suppressed @entity5 cell viability and induced dramatic chemosensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we have identified a direct, microRNA-dependent regulatory circuit mediating inducible chemoresistance, whose inhibition may provide a new therapeutic opportunity in @entity876 -deficient @entity5 .

title: A microRNA-dependent program controls @entity876 -independent survival and chemosensitivity in XXXX and @entity19 @entity957 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The @entity876 @entity5 suppressor, a central mediator of chemosensitivity in normal cells, is functionally inactivated in many @entity1 @entity5 . Therefore, a central challenge in @entity1 @entity5 therapy is the identification of pathways that control @entity5 cell survival and chemosensitivity in the absence of functional @entity876 . The @entity876 -related transcription factors @entity4206 and @entity9486 exhibit distinct functions   @entity9486 mediates chemosensitivity while @entity4206 promotes proliferation and cell survival   and are both overexpressed in @entity957 ( @entity957 ). However, how @entity4206 and @entity9486 interact functionally and govern the balance between prosurvival and proapoptotic programs in SCC remains elusive. Here, we identify a microRNA-dependent mechanism of @entity4206 / @entity9486 crosstalk that regulates @entity876 -independent survival of both @entity1 and @entity19 SCC. We first discovered that a subset of @entity4206 -regulated microRNAs target @entity9486 for inhibition. One of these, @entity73361 -5p, expression of which was repressed by @entity4206 , was activated by proapoptotic @entity9486 isoforms in both normal cells and @entity5 cells in vivo. Chemotherapy caused @entity4206 / @entity9486 -dependent induction of this microRNA, thereby limiting chemosensitivity due to microRNA-mediated feedback inhibition of @entity9486 . Importantly, inhibiting @entity73361 interrupted this feedback and thereby suppressed @entity5 cell viability and induced dramatic chemosensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we have identified a direct, microRNA-dependent regulatory circuit mediating inducible chemoresistance, whose inhibition may provide a new therapeutic opportunity in @entity876 -deficient @entity5 .

title: A microRNA-dependent program controls @entity876 -independent survival and chemosensitivity in @entity1 and XXXX @entity957 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 Wharton's Jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hWJ-MSCs) are easily available cells without transplant rejection problems or ethical concerns compared to bone-marrow-derived MSCs for prospective clinical applications. These cells display immunosuppressive properties and may be able to play an important role in @entity792 . Regulatory T-cells (Treg) are important to prevent @entity792 development. Interleukin 35 (IL-35) induces the proliferation of Treg cell populations and reduces the activity of T helper 17 (Th17) and T helper 1 (Th1) cells, which play a central role in @entity32 and @entity792 .Recent studies identified IL-35 as a new inhibitory cytokine required for the suppressive function of Treg cells. We created IL-35-producing hWJ-MSCs as a good vehicle for @entity32 and     @entity792 .     We     isolated     hWJ-MSCs     based     on     explant     culture.     HWJ-MSCs were transduced at MOI=50 ( @entity281 ) with lentiviral particles harboring @entity19 Interleukin 35 (mIL-35). Expression of IL-35 in hWJ-MSCs was quantified by an IL-35 ELISA kit.IL-35 bioactivity was analyzed by inhibiting the proliferation of @entity19 splenocytes using CFSE cell proliferation kit. Frequency of @entity404 +CD25+ @entity6978 low/neg @entity403 + Treg cells was measured by flow cytometry. There was an up to 85% GFP positive transduction rate, and the cells successfully released a high level of mIL-35 protein (750 ng/ml). IL-35 managed to inhibit @entity404 + T cell proliferation with @entity8990 , and improved the frequency of Treg cells.Our data suggest that transduced hWJ-MSCs overexpressing IL-35 may provide a useful approach for basic research on gene therapy for @entity792 .

title: In Vitro Generation of IL-35-expressing XXXX Wharton's Jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using Lentiviral Vector.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of inflammation', 'initiation of inflammation']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Multiplicity of Infection']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease', 'autoimmune     diseases', 'autoimmune disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The left thoracoabdominal (LTA) approach is the conventional way to treat @entity420 ( @entity3161 ). The study was to review the outcome of the LTA approach with @entity420 of the @entity3161 in a single institution in China. METHODS: 135 consecutive @entity420 of @entity3161 @entity1 who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed; data gathered included basic information on the @entity5 , surgical approach, @entity260 and survival rate. RESULTS: LTA esophagogastrectomy was performed in all @entity1 . No @entity1 received allogeneic blood transfusion during the operation. Among the resective procedures, proximal gastrectomy was performed in 122 cases. The mean operation time was 150 min (90-240). R(0) resection was obtained in 120 @entity1 (88.9%). Two @entity1 developed @entity1576 2 days after surgery. Contrast swallow revealed a leak at the @entity254 in 2 @entity1 . One early anastomotic stricture was observed radiologically, and @entity55 was observed in 3 @entity1 . The number of @entity1 with @entity5229 and wound @entity281 were 3 and 5, respectively. The percentage was zero in-hospital deaths. The overall survival rates at 1 year and 2 years were 89.2 and 69%, respectively. The median survival was 27.1 months. CONCLUSION: LTA esophagogastrectomy has a major role in the management of @entity420 of the @entity3161 , at least in the northern Henan Province of China.

title: Left thoracoabdominal approach in surgical treatment of XXXX in the Northern Henan Province of China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5229 :: ('MESH:D011030', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous pneumothorax']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trigeminal @entity16 is a rare, devastating condition that can be intractable and resistant to treatment. When medical treatment fails, invasive options are limited. @entity550 ( @entity550 ) is a relatively recent technique introduced to treat central @entity9 . The use of @entity550 to treat trigeminal neuropathic or deafferentation @entity158 is not widespread and clinical data in the medical literature that demonstrate efficacy are limited. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed @entity1 with trigeminal neuropathic or trigeminal deafferentation @entity158 who were treated at the Oregon Health _ Science University between 2001 and 2008 by 1 neurosurgeon using @entity550 . RESULTS: Eight of 11 @entity1 (3 male, 8 female) underwent successful permanent implantation of an @entity550 system. All 8 @entity1 reported initial @entity158 control. Three failed to experience continued @entity158 control (6 months of follow-up). Five continued to experience long-term @entity158 control (mean follow-up, 33 months). Average programming sessions were 2.2/year (all 8 @entity1 ) and 1.55/year (5 @entity1 who sustained long-term @entity158 control). @entity1 with anesthesia dolorosa or trigeminal deafferentation @entity158 who had previously undergone ablative trigeminal procedures responded poorly to @entity550 . We encountered no perioperative complications. CONCLUSION: @entity550 is a safe and potentially effective therapy in certain @entity1 with @entity16 .

title: XXXX for trigeminal neuropathic or deafferentation @entity158 : an institutional case series experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['Motor cortex stimulation', 'MCS']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['trigeminal neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['satisfactory pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity550 :: (MESH:D000303,Disease) :: ['Motor cortex stimulation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trigeminal @entity16 is a rare, devastating condition that can be intractable and resistant to treatment. When medical treatment fails, invasive options are limited. @entity550 ( @entity550 ) is a relatively recent technique introduced to treat central @entity9 . The use of @entity550 to treat trigeminal neuropathic or deafferentation @entity158 is not widespread and clinical data in the medical literature that demonstrate efficacy are limited. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed @entity1 with trigeminal neuropathic or trigeminal deafferentation @entity158 who were treated at the Oregon Health _ Science University between 2001 and 2008 by 1 neurosurgeon using @entity550 . RESULTS: Eight of 11 @entity1 (3 male, 8 female) underwent successful permanent implantation of an @entity550 system. All 8 @entity1 reported initial @entity158 control. Three failed to experience continued @entity158 control (6 months of follow-up). Five continued to experience long-term @entity158 control (mean follow-up, 33 months). Average programming sessions were 2.2/year (all 8 @entity1 ) and 1.55/year (5 @entity1 who sustained long-term @entity158 control). @entity1 with anesthesia dolorosa or trigeminal deafferentation @entity158 who had previously undergone ablative trigeminal procedures responded poorly to @entity550 . We encountered no perioperative complications. CONCLUSION: @entity550 is a safe and potentially effective therapy in certain @entity1 with @entity16 .

title: @entity550 for trigeminal neuropathic or deafferentation XXXX : an institutional case series experience.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this comparative cross-sectional study, possible associations between maternal anti-HLA class I antibodies and birth weight in @entity882 are explored. Although commonly detected in pregnancies and generally regarded as harmless, it has been suggested that such antibodies might be associated with @entity16978 ( @entity16978 ). As a link between @entity16978 due to human platelet antigen 1a-specific antibodies and reduced birth weight in @entity1 has previously been demonstrated, we wanted to explore whether maternal anti-HLA class I antibodies might also affect birth weight. To examine this, suspected cases of @entity16978 referred to the Norwegian National Unit for Platelet Immunology during the period 1998-2009 were identified. Pregnancies where the only finding was maternal anti-HLA class I antibodies were included. An unselected group of pregnant @entity1 participating in a prospective study investigating maternal-fetal hemodynamics at the University Hospital North Norway during the years 2006-2010 served as controls. Twenty-nine percent of controls had anti-HLA class I antibodies. The @entity882 neonates had a significantly lower adjusted birth weight (linear regression, P=0.036) and significantly higher odds of being small for gestational age (OR=6.72, P<0.001) compared with controls. Increasing anti-HLA class I antibody levels in the mother were significantly associated with lower birth weight and placental weight among @entity882 neonates, but not among controls. These results indicate that maternal anti-HLA class I antibodies in @entity882 neonates are associated with reduced fetal growth. Further studies are needed to test if placental function is affected.

title: Maternal anti-HLA class I antibodies are associated with reduced birth weight in XXXX neonates.

entities_list: @entity16978 :: ('MESH:D054098', 'Disease') :: ['FNAIT', 'fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal thrombocytopenia', 'thrombocytopenic']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['thrombocytopenic']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Automated analysis and differentiation of mild @entity73 and @entity195 using MR images is clinically significant in @entity74 . @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is a fatal and common form of @entity303 that progressively affects the @entity1 . Shape descriptors could better differentiate the morphological alterations of brain structures and aid in the development of prospective disease modifying therapies. @entity1283 is considered as a significant biomarker in the @entity195 diagnosis. In this work, a method has been proposed to differentiate MCI from the healthy normal and @entity195 subjects using Laplace-Beltrami (LB) eigen value shape descriptors. Prior to this, Reaction Diffusion (RD) level set is used to segment the ventricles in MR images and the results are validated against the @entity10629 ( @entity10629 ). LB eigen values are infinite series of spectrum that describes the intrinsic geometry of objects. Most significant LB shape descriptors are identified and their performance is analysed using linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Results show that, the RD level set is able to segment the ventricles. The segmented ventricles are found to have high correlation with @entity10629 . The eigen values in the LB spectrum could show distinction in the feature space better than the geometric features. High accuracy is observed in the classification results of linear SVM. The proposed automated system is able to distinctly separate the MCI from normal and @entity195 subjects. Thus this pipeline of work seems to be clinically significant in the automated analysis of dementic subjects.

title: A Method to Differentiate Mild XXXX and Alzheimer in MR Images using Eigen Value Descriptors.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricle enlargement']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['dementic disorder']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's condition", "Alzheimer's Disease"]

entities_list: @entity10629 :: ('MESH:D007815', 'Disease') :: ['GT', 'Ground Truth']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Cognitive Impairment']


abstract: PURPOSE: A phase II study of stent therapy for unresectable malignant @entity14 was conducted to ascertain the clinical efficacy, safety, and procedural feasibility. METHODS: Inclusion criteria comprised unresectable obstruction of the rectum or sigmoid colon; no other apparent stenosis; performance status by Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group  <=3; and maintained major organ function. The treatment protocol was to place an uncovered metal stent through the anus in an obstructive portion under x-ray fluoroscopic guidance. The @entity1 were followed for 4 weeks after therapy, and the degree of improvement in subjective symptoms lasting >= 2 weeks was assessed as effective when the @entity1 was decompressed with stent, or ineffective when not decompressed. Rate of clinical efficacy was defined as the proportion of effective cases. RESULTS: The @entity1 of the study comprised 33 @entity1 (13 @entity1 and 20 @entity1 ; mean age, 60 y). Rate of procedure completion was 97.0% (32/33). Treatment was effective in 27 @entity1 , ineffective in 4, and unassessable in 1, yielding a clinical efficacy rate of 81.8% (27/33). @entity204 owing to underlying disease (n=3), stent removal owing to anal @entity158 (n=1), and occlusion at another location (n=1) were noted. No recurrences were seen among clinically effective cases. Adverse reactions included grades 2 to 3 @entity294 (n=12), @entity158 (n=5), @entity548 (n=1), and @entity3833 (n=1), but no grade 4 adverse reactions or treatment-related @entity204 were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Stent therapy for unresectable malignant @entity14 is effective, safe, and feasible.

title: Phase II clinical study on stent therapy for unresectable malignant XXXX (JIVROSG-0206).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal obstruction']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Fluid resuscitation in @entity130 @entity1 with @entity548 is controversially discussed in the literature. The coincidence of @entity1545 complicates management of these @entity1 . This article summarizes the current knowledge on nonblood component fluid resuscitation and choice of fluids in @entity1 with @entity1230 . RECENT FINDINGS: Whereas current evidence suggests the efficacy of fluid therapy in @entity548 without active @entity548 , experimental and clinical data demonstrate that aggressive volume challenge may be futile or even deleterious in the setting of uncontrolled @entity548 . Large amounts of isotonic crystalloids may be associated with @entity2332 , @entity520 and @entity32 . In @entity1 with traumatic @entity1545 hypertonic solutions may positively influence @entity32 and intracranial pressure without affecting neurologic outcome or mortality. SUMMARY: To date no large-scale clinical studies exist to either support or refute the use of nonblood component fluid resuscitation of @entity548 in @entity130 @entity1 . The optimal choice of fluid remains to be determined, but existing evidence suggests avoiding crystalloids in favor of hypertonic solutions. The role of modern, iso-oncotic colloids in the treatment of @entity548 has not yet been sufficiently defined. In @entity1 with concomitant @entity1545 , arterial @entity551 must be avoided and infusion of @entity2421 solutions is obsolete, whereas administration of hypertonic solutions may exert beneficial effects beyond hemodynamic stabilization.

title: Fluid resuscitation in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'hemorrhage', 'hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis']

entities_list: @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonic']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple trauma']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity1230 :: (MESH:D009104,Disease) :: ['multiple trauma']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Fluid resuscitation in @entity130 @entity1 with @entity548 is controversially discussed in the literature. The coincidence of @entity1545 complicates management of these @entity1 . This article summarizes the current knowledge on nonblood component fluid resuscitation and choice of fluids in @entity1 with @entity1230 . RECENT FINDINGS: Whereas current evidence suggests the efficacy of fluid therapy in @entity548 without active @entity548 , experimental and clinical data demonstrate that aggressive volume challenge may be futile or even deleterious in the setting of uncontrolled @entity548 . Large amounts of isotonic crystalloids may be associated with @entity2332 , @entity520 and @entity32 . In @entity1 with traumatic @entity1545 hypertonic solutions may positively influence @entity32 and intracranial pressure without affecting neurologic outcome or mortality. SUMMARY: To date no large-scale clinical studies exist to either support or refute the use of nonblood component fluid resuscitation of @entity548 in @entity130 @entity1 . The optimal choice of fluid remains to be determined, but existing evidence suggests avoiding crystalloids in favor of hypertonic solutions. The role of modern, iso-oncotic colloids in the treatment of @entity548 has not yet been sufficiently defined. In @entity1 with concomitant @entity1545 , arterial @entity551 must be avoided and infusion of @entity2421 solutions is obsolete, whereas administration of hypertonic solutions may exert beneficial effects beyond hemodynamic stabilization.

title: Fluid resuscitation in @entity1230 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe a new @entity702 thyroplasty medializing implant and evaluate its usefulness. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective study of 9 male @entity1 with severe unilateral vocal fold @entity912 after @entity449 surgery who underwent type I thyoplasty with arytenoid adduction under general anesthesia. Preoperative and postoperative glottal closure and voice function were evaluated by acoustic analysis (Jitter %, Shimmer %, NHR), stroboscopic findings, maximum phonation time, mean airflow rate, voice handicap index and computed tomography findings. These tests were evaluated before and 3 months after surgery. RESULT: All acoustic parameters improved after surgery. In stroboscopic findings, symmetrical mucosal waves were identified in 3 cases. Maximum phonation time prolonged, mean flow rate decreased and voice handicap index improved. In computed-tomography findings, breakage, deformation, dropped and migration of @entity702 plate were not identified. CONCLUSION: In surgery of vocal fold paralyzed @entity1 , it is necessary to reconstruct vocal fold in physiological state at the time of phonation. Using the @entity702 plate developed for this purpose, all @entity1 obtained good vocal improvement.

title: [Investigation of Type I Thyroplasty Using XXXX Implant].

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic-aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['Titanium']


abstract: Implant supported rehabilitation has become very common in treatment plans nowadays, yet many @entity1 lack the vertical and horizontal bone dimensions required for endosseous implant insertion. Distraction osteogenesis is a technique in which bone is generated by progressive elongation of two bone fragments following an osteotomy or corticotomy. Distraction osteogenesis of the alveolar ridge as a treatment modality in implant dentistry is a very useful technique that allows for adequate bone formation suitable for implant insertion. Alveolar distraction can be unidirectional, bidirectional, multidirectional or horizontal. Alveolar distraction osteogenesis can be performed by using intraosseous distraction devices, intraosseous distraction implants or by extraosseous devices which are the most prevalent today. Distraction osteogenesis has many advantages such as gradual lengthening of the bone with no need for an autogenous bone graft and lack of the associated donor site morbidity as well as distraction of the surrounding soft tissue together with the transported bone. One of the major challenges when using alveolar distraction osteogenesis is controlling the vector of distraction, this problem should be further addressed in future researches. We describe different methods for alveolar distraction osteogenesis, including the surgical procedure, latency period, lengthening and consolidation period. We also discuss the advantages, disadvantages and complications of the method. In this manuscript a case of @entity133 following mandibular @entity174 and @entity393 and the alveolar bone is presented. This @entity1 was treated by alveolar distraction osteogenesis with excellent results. This @entity1 was later rehabilitated . using endosseous implants as demonstrated by radiographs. Alveolar distraction osteogenesis provides a method to regain both hard tissue and soft tissue without additional grafting and is an efficient modality in cases of medium to severe @entity604 .

title: [Distraction osteogenesis of XXXX prior to dental rehabilitation].

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['mandibular alveolar deficiency']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of teeth']

answer: @entity604 :: (MESH:D016301,Disease) :: ['deficient alveolar bone']


abstract: The @entity1964 associated with @entity1963 ( @entity1963 ) has not been clearly characterized. This study was undertaken to analyze the clinical and radiological findings of @entity1964 ( @entity1964 ) in 168 @entity1 treated from July 1974 through October 1992. @entity1964 occurred in 57 @entity1 (33.9%), either preoperatively (13; 7.7%) or postoperatively (36; 21.4%). In eight @entity1 (4.8%), it occurred pre- and postoperatively. The number of bouts of @entity1964 per @entity1 ranged from one to six (mean, 2.2). The major presenting features were @entity1661 (83%), explosive @entity294 (69%), @entity391 (51%), @entity221 (34%), lethargy (27%), @entity548 (5%), and @entity694 (2.5%). There were no deaths directly related to @entity1964 . The analysis of 150 plain x-rays of the abdomen, taken at the onset of @entity1964 or in between bouts, showed that @entity384 was the most sensitive radiological finding (90% sensitivity), but it had poor specificity (24%). However, an intestinal cutoff sign (gaseous intestinal distension with abrupt cutoff at the level of the pelvic brim) was both sensitive (74%) and specific (86%) for @entity1964 . Barium enema was of limited value in the diagnosis of @entity1964 bouts because most of the radiographic findings persisted for prolonged periods after cessation of such bouts. The authors conclude that (1) @entity1964 can be characterized as @entity1661 and explosive @entity294 associated with the intestinal cutoff sign and (2) the occurrence of explosive @entity294 in any @entity1 with @entity1963 is suggestive of @entity1964 , even in the absence of systemic symptoms, and should be treated to avoid the morbidity and potential mortality of @entity1964 .

title: Enterocolitis associated with XXXX : a clinical-radiological characterization based on 168 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['rectal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['colonic dilatation']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distension']

entities_list: @entity1963 :: ('MESH:D006627', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hirschsprung's disease"]

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1964 :: ('MESH:D004760', 'Disease') :: ['enterocolitis', 'HEC', "Hirschsprung's enterocolitis"]

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic perforation']

answer: @entity1963 :: (MESH:D006627,Disease) :: ['Hirschsprung's disease']


abstract: The @entity1964 associated with @entity1963 ( @entity1963 ) has not been clearly characterized. This study was undertaken to analyze the clinical and radiological findings of @entity1964 ( @entity1964 ) in 168 @entity1 treated from July 1974 through October 1992. @entity1964 occurred in 57 @entity1 (33.9%), either preoperatively (13; 7.7%) or postoperatively (36; 21.4%). In eight @entity1 (4.8%), it occurred pre- and postoperatively. The number of bouts of @entity1964 per @entity1 ranged from one to six (mean, 2.2). The major presenting features were @entity1661 (83%), explosive @entity294 (69%), @entity391 (51%), @entity221 (34%), lethargy (27%), @entity548 (5%), and @entity694 (2.5%). There were no deaths directly related to @entity1964 . The analysis of 150 plain x-rays of the abdomen, taken at the onset of @entity1964 or in between bouts, showed that @entity384 was the most sensitive radiological finding (90% sensitivity), but it had poor specificity (24%). However, an intestinal cutoff sign (gaseous intestinal distension with abrupt cutoff at the level of the pelvic brim) was both sensitive (74%) and specific (86%) for @entity1964 . Barium enema was of limited value in the diagnosis of @entity1964 bouts because most of the radiographic findings persisted for prolonged periods after cessation of such bouts. The authors conclude that (1) @entity1964 can be characterized as @entity1661 and explosive @entity294 associated with the intestinal cutoff sign and (2) the occurrence of explosive @entity294 in any @entity1 with @entity1963 is suggestive of @entity1964 , even in the absence of systemic symptoms, and should be treated to avoid the morbidity and potential mortality of @entity1964 .

title: Enterocolitis associated with @entity1963 : a clinical-radiological characterization based on 168 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This retrospective population-based survey examined current patterns of care for @entity1 with recurrent @entity463 (rGBM) who had previously undergone surgery and post-operative therapy at original diagnosis. The @entity1 were identified from the Victorian Cancer Registry (VCR) from 2006 to 2008. @entity1 demographics, @entity5 characteristics and oncological management were extracted using a standardised survey by the treating clinicians/VCR staff and results analysed by the VCR. Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival (OS) at diagnosis and progression were calculated. A total of 95 @entity1 (48%) received treatment for first recurrence; craniotomy and post-operative treatment (38), craniotomy only (34) and non-surgical treatment (23). @entity1 receiving treatment at first progression had a higher median OS than those who did not (7 versus 3months, p<0.0001). All @entity1 progressed after treatment for first progression with 43 @entity1 (45%) receiving treatment at second progression. To our knowledge this is the first population-based pattern of care survey of treatment for rGBM in an era where post-operative "Stupp" chemo-radiation is standard. First and second line therapy for rGBM is common and associated with significant benefit. Treatment generally includes re-resection and/or systemic therapy.

title: Recurrent XXXX : Current patterns of care in an Australian population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: We have used nuclear magnetic resonance (n.m.r.) spectroscopy to identify the DNA-binding surface of the abundant, small and basic protein Sso7d from the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium @entity12204 . The Sso7d protein was previously found to bind strongly to double-stranded DNA sequences and to protect DNA from thermal denaturation, indicating that it might assume a similar function in vivo. Several @entity6346 resonances in two-dimensional n.m.r. 1H, @entity13140 correlation spectra of @entity13140 -enriched Sso7d are shifted and broadened upon addition of small amounts of ten base-pair or 19 base-pair duplex DNA oligomers under conditions where Sso7d-DNA complexes exchange rapidly on the n.m.r. time scale. The locations of the corresponding @entity7573 in the Sso7d structure define the surface that interacts with DNA. This surface coincides with a continuous region of strong positive electrostatic potential, which was calculated by means of numerical solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. A model of the non-specific Sso7d-DNA complex is suggested based on the present data and previously obtained evidence that Sso7d interacts with the DNA major groove. The protein-DNA interface consists of a triple-stranded beta-sheet, which interacts with the DNA major groove and a reverse turn connecting the two strands of a double-stranded beta-sheet, which interacts with the minor groove. We note that the five (of 14) @entity376 side-chains that are specifically subjected to N zeta-monomethylation in the cell are located on surfaces of Sso7d that are exposed to the solvent in the proposed Sso7d-DNA complex.

title: DNA-binding surface of the Sso7d protein from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12204 :: ('2287', 'Species') :: ['Sulfolobus solfataricus']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

answer: @entity12204 :: (2287,Species) :: ['Sulfolobus solfataricus']


abstract: A 19-year-old male was admitted with left lower @entity490 and @entity3833 . Excretory urograms showed only a right kidney. V.C.G. showed a @entity5409 over the bladder. Computerized tomography revealed a huge retroperitoneal cystic mass located near the bladder. It seemed to be a huge @entity1494 , but the diagnosis was not clearly confirmed before operation. Through a lower abdominal midline incision, the cystic mass structure was removed. The specimen was a @entity8 with non-functioning @entity3041 . The removed mass was 91 @entity73362 78 mm in size, and 120 g in weight. The intrarenal fluid was 350 ml. A brief discussion and review are made. To our knowledge, only 3 such case have been described in the Japanese literature.

title: [A case of XXXX with non-functioning @entity3041 ].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['left ectopic pelvic kidney']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder diverticulum']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity73362 :: ('p|SUB|X|85|X', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['X 85 X']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['left pelvic kidney']


abstract: A 19-year-old male was admitted with left lower @entity490 and @entity3833 . Excretory urograms showed only a right kidney. V.C.G. showed a @entity5409 over the bladder. Computerized tomography revealed a huge retroperitoneal cystic mass located near the bladder. It seemed to be a huge @entity1494 , but the diagnosis was not clearly confirmed before operation. Through a lower abdominal midline incision, the cystic mass structure was removed. The specimen was a @entity8 with non-functioning @entity3041 . The removed mass was 91 @entity73362 78 mm in size, and 120 g in weight. The intrarenal fluid was 350 ml. A brief discussion and review are made. To our knowledge, only 3 such case have been described in the Japanese literature.

title: [A case of @entity8 with non-functioning XXXX ].

answer: @entity3041 :: (MESH:D006869,Disease) :: ['hydronephrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the addition of carotid endarterectomy to aggressive medical management can reduce the incidence of @entity385 in @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity543 . DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, multicenter trial. SETTING: Thirty-nine clinical sites across the United States and Canada. @entity1 : Between December 1987 and December 1993, a total of 1662 @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity543 of 60% or greater reduction in diameter were randomized; follow-up data are available on 1659. At baseline, recognized risk factors for @entity64 were similar between the two treatment groups. INTERVENTION: Daily @entity117 administration and medical risk factor management for all @entity1 ; carotid endarterectomy for @entity1 randomized to receive surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Initially, transient @entity63 attack or @entity385 occurring in the distribution of the study artery and any transient @entity63 attack, @entity64 , or @entity204 occurring in the perioperative period. In March 1993, the primary outcome measures were changed to @entity385 occurring in the distribution of the study artery or any @entity64 or @entity204 occurring in the perioperative period. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 2.7 years, with 4657 @entity1 -years of observation, the aggregate risk over 5 years for @entity64 and any perioperative @entity64 or @entity204 was estimated to be 5.1% for surgical @entity1 and 11.0% for @entity1 treated medically (aggregate risk reduction of 53% [95% confidence interval, 22% to 72%]). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity543 of 60% or greater reduction in diameter and whose general health makes them good candidates for elective surgery will have a reduced 5-year risk of @entity64 if carotid endarterectomy performed with less than 3% perioperative morbidity and mortality is added to aggressive management of modifiable risk factors.

title: Endarterectomy for asymptomatic XXXX . Executive Committee for the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity543 :: (MESH:D016893,Disease) :: ['carotid artery stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study sought to systematically investigate the derivation of late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells (late EPC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from umbilical cord blood (UCB) and to examine their therapeutic effects on @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS: The expression of angiogenic genes was determined by qRT-PCR. @entity583 ( @entity583 ) was induced in @entity35 , and cells were directly transplanted into the border regions of @entity63 heart tissue. RESULTS: Culture of UCB mononuclear cells yielded two distinct types of cells by morphology after 2weeks in the same culture conditions. These cells were identified as late EPC and MSC, and each was intramyocardially injected into @entity35 hearts after induction of @entity583 . Echocardiography and histologic analyses demonstrated that both EPC and MSC improved cardiac function and enhanced vascularization, although @entity82 was reduced only in the EPC transplanted hearts. Different paracrine factors were enriched in EPC and MSC. However, once injected into the hearts, they induced similar types of paracrine factors in the heart. Transplanted EPC or MSC were mostly localized at the perivascular areas. This study demonstrated that EPC and MSC can be simultaneously derived from UCB under the same initial culture conditions, and that common paracrine factors are involved in the repair of @entity583 . CONCLUSION: Late EPC and MSC are effective for @entity1188 repair, apparently mediated through common humoral mechanisms.

title: Therapeutic effects of late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells or mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood on XXXX repair.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'Myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['infarct']


abstract: 95 of 1,019 (9.3%) sera with monoclonal immunoglobulins (MIg) were found to have cold-reacting lymphocytotoxins (LCT). There was no difference in the prevalence of LCT in @entity1582 , @entity8057 , @entity5 , @entity706 or @entity8058 . Prevalence of LCT was similar in various classes and types of MIg with the exception of the IgG/lambda group in which LCT were more common than in IgG/K (p = 0.013). IgMs had the most potent whereas IgAs had the weakest LCT activity. MIg were purified from 61 LCT-positive sera. 25 pure MIg (41%) had LCT activity. In the rest, LCT activity resided in other fractions. 64 sera with LCT were tested against B and T cells; 56% were equally cytotoxic to B and T cells, 39% killed more B cells and 5% killed more T cells. 18 purified lymphocytotoxic MIg killed both B and T cells. When serial dilutions of sera, and of purified MIg were tested, in all but one instance the reactivity with the T cells weakened more than that with the B cells. Lymphocytotoxins absorbed to and eluted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes or separately from B or from T cells retained LCT activity against B and T lymphocytes. It may be concluded that about one tenth of sera with M components have lymphocytotoxic activity and that in about 40% of these positive sera, this activity is related to the monoclonal immunoglobulins. LCT react with both B and T cells. Antilymphocyte activity of MIgs may play a role in immunoregulatory abnormalities in @entity66 .

title: Lymphocytotoxic activity of monoclonal immunoglobulins in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['plasmalymphocytic diseases']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity8058 :: ('MESH:D008998', 'Disease') :: ['benign monoclonal gammopathy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity8057 :: ('MESH:D008258', 'Disease') :: ['macroglobulinemia']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['plasmalymphocytic diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Longitudinal evidence concerning the association between @entity410 ( @entity410 ) and blood lipids and between anthropometric parameters (ANTP) and blood lipids is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between changes in @entity410 and ANTP and changes in blood lipids. METHODS: In 2002-2004 and 2012-2014 652 @entity1 were tested. @entity410 was measured as VO2peak using a maximal ergometer test. Waist circumference (WC) and Body Mass Index (BMI) were used as ANTP. Blood samples were analyzed for total @entity165 (TC), HDL @entity165 , LDL @entity165 and @entity1674 . A linear regression analysis was performed to investigate associations between changes in @entity410 and ANTP and changes in blood lipids. RESULTS: After adjustment a decrease in @entity410 was associated with an increase in @entity1674 and a decrease in HDL @entity165 in @entity1 . An increase in WC was associated with an increase in TC, LDL @entity165 and ratio total/HDL @entity165 and a decrease in HDL @entity165 , while an increase in BMI was associated with an increase in ratio total/HDL @entity165 and a decrease in HDL @entity165 . CONCLUSIONS: WC and BMI were more longitudinally associated with blood lipids compared to @entity410 . Improving ANTP can enhance the blood lipid profile, while @entity410 had only limited influence.

title: Longitudinal Study on the Association Between XXXX , Anthropometric Parameters and Blood Lipids.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory fitness', 'CRF']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['Cardiorespiratory Fitness']


abstract: There have been very few studies on the effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in inhibiting apoptosis in @entity296 caused by @entity301 . In this experiment, Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with-Xuefu Zhuyu decoction were used to intervene the miniature @entity1707 phlegm and blood stasis type @entity301 model, in order to observe the effect of the combined prescription on the myocardial apoptosis and the expressions of @entity24247 , @entity65721 , Caspase-3, Caspase-9 in the model. Totally 15 Chinese experimental miniature @entity1707 were adopted and randomly divided into the control group, the model group and the phlegm and stasis-treating group. The model group and the stasis-treating group were fed with high fat diets for two weeks, intervened with the @entity453 and then given drugs and high fat diets for eight weeks. The control group was fed with ordinary diets for 10 weeks, without the @entity453 . After the experiment, myocardia at the juncture of infracted areas were collected and made into @entity406 -fixed paraffin sections. The TDT-mediate @entity1977 nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to detect the myocardial apoptosis. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique was applied to detect @entity24247 , @entity65721 , Caspase-3, Caspase-9 levels in myocardial tissues. According to the findings, the apoptosis indexes (AI) for the control group, the model group and the phlegm and stasis-treating group were 0.92%, 27.68%, 17.28%, respectively. The AI of the phlegm and stasis-treating group was significantly lower than that of the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the phlegm and stasis-treating group showed significantly higher @entity24247 protein expression (P < 0.01) and lower @entity65721 , Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 protein expressions (P < 0.01). In conclusion, Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction have a significant protective effect against the myocardial apoptosis in miniature @entity1707 phlegm and blood stasis type @entity301 model.

title: [Effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction on myocardial apoptosis and relevant protein expressions in miniature @entity1707 phlegm and blood stasis type XXXX model].

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemial injury']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery injury']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: There have been very few studies on the effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in inhibiting apoptosis in @entity296 caused by @entity301 . In this experiment, Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with-Xuefu Zhuyu decoction were used to intervene the miniature @entity1707 phlegm and blood stasis type @entity301 model, in order to observe the effect of the combined prescription on the myocardial apoptosis and the expressions of @entity24247 , @entity65721 , Caspase-3, Caspase-9 in the model. Totally 15 Chinese experimental miniature @entity1707 were adopted and randomly divided into the control group, the model group and the phlegm and stasis-treating group. The model group and the stasis-treating group were fed with high fat diets for two weeks, intervened with the @entity453 and then given drugs and high fat diets for eight weeks. The control group was fed with ordinary diets for 10 weeks, without the @entity453 . After the experiment, myocardia at the juncture of infracted areas were collected and made into @entity406 -fixed paraffin sections. The TDT-mediate @entity1977 nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to detect the myocardial apoptosis. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique was applied to detect @entity24247 , @entity65721 , Caspase-3, Caspase-9 levels in myocardial tissues. According to the findings, the apoptosis indexes (AI) for the control group, the model group and the phlegm and stasis-treating group were 0.92%, 27.68%, 17.28%, respectively. The AI of the phlegm and stasis-treating group was significantly lower than that of the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the phlegm and stasis-treating group showed significantly higher @entity24247 protein expression (P < 0.01) and lower @entity65721 , Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 protein expressions (P < 0.01). In conclusion, Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction have a significant protective effect against the myocardial apoptosis in miniature @entity1707 phlegm and blood stasis type @entity301 model.

title: [Effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction on myocardial apoptosis and relevant protein expressions in miniature XXXX phlegm and blood stasis type @entity301 model].

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: The efficacy of Chinese herbal formula in treating @entity308 has been proved in many studies. In this study, six different Kaixin San formulas were compared to investigate their effects on central monoamine neurotransmitters of chronic stress @entity35 and against @entity308 based on their different components in plasma, in order to discuss the efficacy-comparability relationship and the possible efficacy mechanism. The classic isolation method and the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) @entity308 model were combined to investigate the changes in contents in hippocampus and monoamine neurotransmitters (NE, DA, @entity750 ) and the components of some formulas in plasma with HPLC and UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE methods. As a result, Dingzhi Xiaowan recorded in Essential Recipes for Emergent Use Worth A Thousand significantly increased the behavioral scores, NE and @entity750 contents in hippocampus and NE, DA and @entity750 contents in cortex, with the best anti-depressant effect. Dingzhi Xiaowan recorded in Complete Records of Ancient and Modern Medical Works showed a notable increase in @entity969 preference and open field score in model @entity35 , NE content in hippocampus and NE, DA and @entity750 contents in cortex, with a certain anti anti-depressant effect. Kaixin San recorded in Ishinpo showed remarkable rise in weight of model @entity35 . NE content in hippocampus and DA content in cortex. Puxin Decoction recorded in A Supplement to Recipes Worth A Thousand Gold showed @entity750 content in hippocampus and DA content in cortex. Kaixin San recorded in Yimenfang only showed DA content in cortex. Kaixin Wan recorded in Essential Recipes for Emergent Use Worth A Thousand did not mention the antidepressant effect. According to the results, the formulas' different anti-depressant effects may be related to the different plasma components.

title: [Effects of Kaixin San formulas on behavioristics and central monoamine neurotransmitters of chronic stress XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of @entity24527 ( @entity6455 ) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of @entity1 periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: An enzymatic digestion block was used in vitro to culture hPDLSCs, which were separated and purified by limited dilution cloning. The hPDLSCs were identified using cell-surface markers and cocultured with 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 solution. The proliferation ability of these cells was determined by @entity2454 ( @entity98 ) assay. After staining with @entity623 ( @entity623 ), osteogenesis was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Osteoblast-related genes were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. @entity622 staining was performed to measure the level of @entity460 deposition. The hPDLSCs were cocultured with 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 and nano- @entity692 scaffolds in vivo before transplantation into subcutaneous tissues of @entity19 . Osteogenic abilities were histochemically analyzed after 30 days of induction. RESULTS: The hPDLSCs were affected by 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 , and @entity98 assay showed that the proliferation of the groups treated with @entity6455 in vitro was better than that of the control groups on the second day. The @entity623 activity of the treated hPDLSCs was significantly enhanced after cell culture for 3, 5, and 7 days. The gene expression of osteoblastic markers was also significantly enhanced after 7 days. The deposition of mineralization after incubation with 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 increased compared with the control after cell culture for 14, 21, and 28 days. Furthermore, the bone expression of the treatment groups in vivo was significantly enhanced compared with that of the control groups. CONCLUSION: Treatment with 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 can significantly promote proliferation and differentiation of hPDLSCs in vitro and in vivo. @entity6455 can effectively function as a bioactive growth factor in periodontal tissue engineering to replace traditional growth factors.

title: [Effects of XXXX promotion on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of @entity1 periodontal ligament stem cells].

entities_list: @entity622 :: ('MESH:C010078', 'Chemical') :: ['Alizarin red']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity2454 :: ('MESH:C022616', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity623 :: ('250', 'Gene') :: ['ALP', 'alkaline phosphatase']

answer: @entity24527 :: (MESH:C056599,Chemical) :: ['Icariin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of @entity24527 ( @entity6455 ) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of @entity1 periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: An enzymatic digestion block was used in vitro to culture hPDLSCs, which were separated and purified by limited dilution cloning. The hPDLSCs were identified using cell-surface markers and cocultured with 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 solution. The proliferation ability of these cells was determined by @entity2454 ( @entity98 ) assay. After staining with @entity623 ( @entity623 ), osteogenesis was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Osteoblast-related genes were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. @entity622 staining was performed to measure the level of @entity460 deposition. The hPDLSCs were cocultured with 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 and nano- @entity692 scaffolds in vivo before transplantation into subcutaneous tissues of @entity19 . Osteogenic abilities were histochemically analyzed after 30 days of induction. RESULTS: The hPDLSCs were affected by 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 , and @entity98 assay showed that the proliferation of the groups treated with @entity6455 in vitro was better than that of the control groups on the second day. The @entity623 activity of the treated hPDLSCs was significantly enhanced after cell culture for 3, 5, and 7 days. The gene expression of osteoblastic markers was also significantly enhanced after 7 days. The deposition of mineralization after incubation with 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 increased compared with the control after cell culture for 14, 21, and 28 days. Furthermore, the bone expression of the treatment groups in vivo was significantly enhanced compared with that of the control groups. CONCLUSION: Treatment with 1 x 10(-7) mol.L-1 @entity6455 can significantly promote proliferation and differentiation of hPDLSCs in vitro and in vivo. @entity6455 can effectively function as a bioactive growth factor in periodontal tissue engineering to replace traditional growth factors.

title: [Effects of @entity24527 promotion on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of XXXX periodontal ligament stem cells].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dorsal striatum has been shown to contribute to @entity4207 and memory, but the role of striatal subregions in this important aspect of cognitive functioning remains unclear. Moreover, the spatial-cognitive mechanisms that underlie the involvement of these regions in spatial navigation have scarcely been studied. We therefore compared @entity4207 and memory performance in @entity19 with lesions in dorsomedial (DMS) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) using the hidden-platform version of the Morris water maze (MWM) task. Compared to sham-operated controls, animals with @entity16 were impaired during MWM acquisition training. These @entity19 displayed delayed @entity4207 , increased thigmotaxis, and increased search distance to the platform, in the absence of major @entity66 , working @entity2414 or changes in @entity148 or exploration. They failed to show a preference for the target quadrant during probe trials, which further indicates that @entity2414 was impaired in these animals. Search strategy analysis moreover demonstrated that DMS-lesioned @entity19 were unable to deploy cognitively advanced spatial search strategies. Conversely, MWM performance was barely affected in animals with lesions in DLS. In conclusion, our results indicate that DMS and DLS display differential functional involvement in @entity4207 and memory. Our results show that DMS, but not DLS, is crucial for the ability of @entity19 to acquire spatial information and their subsequent deployment of spatial search strategies. These data clearly identify DMS as a crucial brain structure for @entity4207 and memory, which could explain the occurrence of @entity149 in @entity75 that affect the dorsal striatum.

title: Inability to acquire spatial information and deploy spatial search strategies in XXXX with lesions in dorsomedial striatum.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['motor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain disorders']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['DMS damage']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive impairments']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['spatial learning']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['spatial reference memory', 'memory defects']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Spontaneous @entity99 associated with @entity1468 is a rare but life-threatening situation. Several different surgical treatments have been described, depending on the severity of the @entity397 . Liver transplantation has become the mainstay for @entity1 with @entity3851 . Transplantation in the setting of liver @entity130 or massive parenchymal disruption is not well defined. To our knowledge, this treatment has not been reported for spontaneous @entity99 in pregnancy. CASE: Massive, spontaneous @entity99 occurred in a @entity1 at 36 weeks' gestation as a result of severe @entity1468 . Conventional surgical therapies were unsuccessful in controlling the @entity548 . As a life-saving measure, the @entity1 underwent total hepatectomy with the creation of an end-to-side portcaval shunt, thereby rendering the @entity1 anhepatic. The @entity1 was listed as urgently needing a liver for transplantation through the United Network for Organ Sharing. A suitable donor liver was located approximately 8 hours after the emergency hepatectomy. The @entity1 underwent orthotopic liver transplantation after being maintained in an anhepatic state for almost 13 hours. The @entity1 was discharged on postoperative day 41, suffering only from some @entity63 secondary to hypovolemic @entity551 occurring during the hepatectomy procedure. CONCLUSION: In the reported case, spontaneous @entity99 resulted in a @entity548 that could not be controlled by previously reported techniques and required total hepatectomy followed by liver transplantation.

title: Liver transplant after massive spontaneous XXXX in pregnancy complicated by @entity1468 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['massive hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lower extremity neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic rupture']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic rupture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Spontaneous @entity99 associated with @entity1468 is a rare but life-threatening situation. Several different surgical treatments have been described, depending on the severity of the @entity397 . Liver transplantation has become the mainstay for @entity1 with @entity3851 . Transplantation in the setting of liver @entity130 or massive parenchymal disruption is not well defined. To our knowledge, this treatment has not been reported for spontaneous @entity99 in pregnancy. CASE: Massive, spontaneous @entity99 occurred in a @entity1 at 36 weeks' gestation as a result of severe @entity1468 . Conventional surgical therapies were unsuccessful in controlling the @entity548 . As a life-saving measure, the @entity1 underwent total hepatectomy with the creation of an end-to-side portcaval shunt, thereby rendering the @entity1 anhepatic. The @entity1 was listed as urgently needing a liver for transplantation through the United Network for Organ Sharing. A suitable donor liver was located approximately 8 hours after the emergency hepatectomy. The @entity1 underwent orthotopic liver transplantation after being maintained in an anhepatic state for almost 13 hours. The @entity1 was discharged on postoperative day 41, suffering only from some @entity63 secondary to hypovolemic @entity551 occurring during the hepatectomy procedure. CONCLUSION: In the reported case, spontaneous @entity99 resulted in a @entity548 that could not be controlled by previously reported techniques and required total hepatectomy followed by liver transplantation.

title: Liver transplant after massive spontaneous @entity99 in pregnancy complicated by XXXX .

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: In the neonate, @entity40441 is believed to be related to @entity5034 . Yet, in our experience, this sign is much more often observed in association with subacute @entity548 ( @entity548 ), without @entity281 . Sixty premature neonates were prospectively studied. The observations of transfontanellar sonograms ( @entity932 , ependymal echogenicity, and @entity1276 ) were correlated with the results of MRI, lumbar punctures and clinical work-up. @entity932 was detected in 28 @entity1 , and @entity40441 was observed in 21 of them, all of whom had @entity548 . In 9 of these 21 @entity1 @entity548 was diagnosed retrospectively thanks to the visualization of the hyperechoic ependyma. In all but one, this sign persisted for at least 2 months after disappearance of other signs of @entity548 . MRI demonstrated the presence of hemosiderin and ferritin in ependymal or subependymal location only in @entity1 with hyperechoic ependyma. One of our @entity1 had in utero diagnosis of @entity548 owing to the visualization of the same hyperechoic aspect of the ependyma. Nine of the neonates with hyperechoic ependyma developed @entity1276 , and three underwent surgery. Hyperechoic thickening of the ependyma in prematures often results from a subacute @entity548 . It is related to hemoglobin catabolites which can be detected by MRI. It does not require immediate potentially harmful diagnostic punctures. The presence of this hyperechoic rim allows a retrospective diagnosis of @entity548 and indicates a clinical and sonographic follow-up in newborns at risk for secondary @entity1276 .

title: XXXX : sonographic demonstration and significance in neonates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage', 'Intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraventricular hemorrhage', 'IVH']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus', 'ventriculomegaly']

entities_list: @entity5034 :: ('MESH:D058565', 'Disease') :: ['ventriculitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity40441 :: ('MESH:C563483', 'Disease') :: ['hyperechoic thickening of the ependyma']

answer: @entity40441 :: (MESH:C563483,Disease) :: ['Hyperechoic thickened ependyma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2701 ( @entity2701 ) is a common condition but the underlying etiology is not understood. Episodic @entity2701 may develop into chronic @entity2701 , and some possible triggers may be involved in generation and maintenance. Nociceptive generators and hyperexcitable @entity1867 in neck and shoulder regions may to some degree contribute to @entity2701 . The current paper highlights some of the possible triggers and associated @entity158 mechanisms involved in @entity2701 and discusses if inhibition of these possible triggers may provide new treatment options. RESULTS: This paper presents possible pathophysiological factors in @entity2701 , the role of @entity925 and how referred @entity158 from triggers can contribute to development and/or maintenance of sensitization. @entity158 patterns from trigger points and associated @entity1931 seem to be clinically important factors. Damping the nociceptive peripheral drive may not only reduce the number of @entity2701 attacks but may also prevent/delay the transition from episodic into more chronic @entity2701 . The role of muscle triggers in driving @entity2701 is debated as the pathogenesis of such triggers is not fully understood. Furthermore, inhibiting the drive from the triggers does not consistently modulate @entity2701 . DISCUSSION: Understanding the possible triggers in @entity2701 , @entity1931 , and @entity158 sensitization, may help to develop better management regimes and possibly prevent @entity2701 from developing into more chronic conditions. Currently, there is a striking difference between the clinical observational studies favoring the role of muscle triggers in @entity2701 and the intervention studies generally not supporting the role of muscle triggers in @entity2701 .

title: Muscle Triggers as a Possible Source of XXXX in a Sub-group of Tension Type Headache Patients?

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['muscle hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Referred pain', 'pain', 'widespread pain']

entities_list: @entity2701 :: ('MESH:D018781', 'Disease') :: ['Tension type headache', 'TTH']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: By analyzing serial step-sections of whole prostate obtained at autopsy, we determined the chronologic change of the frequency of latent @entity263 in Japan in two periods: 1965-1979 and 1982-1986. Methods of specimen preparation and examination were identical for both periods. The frequency with which @entity263 was found in the 660 samples for 1982-1986 was 34.6% and was significantly higher than the 22.5% seen in the 576 observed for 1965-1979 (P less than .0001). This significant finding can be attributed to an increase in the frequency of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). However, the increase in the frequency of noninfiltrative @entity5 (LNT) was less significant (P = .045). Both sets of specimens were subsequently combined and reanalyzed according to the year of birth of the decedents. The @entity5 has progressively increased in frequency in each age-specific category. By morphometry, we determined that the mean @entity5 volume decreased due to an increase in the number of smaller @entity5 during the study periods. Although the frequency of @entity263 and the @entity5 :LNT in the samples obtained most recently were comparable to those of U. @entity1762 , @entity5 incidence and mortality rates remain lower in Japan. Apparently, the initial step in the induction of @entity263 in indigenous Japanese is now similar to that in U. @entity1762 . The rates of clinical @entity189 in Japan are still low when compared with those in the United States and countries in Western Europe, but our findings may presage a time when these differences may be greatly reduced or nonexistent.

title: Trends in frequency of XXXX in Japan from 1965-1979 to 1982-1986.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['LIT', 'tumor', 'latent infiltrative tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['latent prostate carcinoma', 'prostate tumor', 'prostate carcinoma']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['latent prostate carcinoma']


abstract: The objective of our study was to determine the effect of an electric field (EF) on the life-span of @entity19 . Male and female @entity19 were paired and separated into two experimental groups: EF exposed and controls. The exposed @entity19 were subjected to a 50 Hz, 10 kV/m electric field for 20 h/day. Offspring from both groups were identified as generation one and allowed to live for 18 months. Offspring from generation one were identified as generation two and allowed to die naturally. The age at which @entity204 occurred in both groups was recorded and post mortem examinations were performed. The obtained results were statistically analyzed by means of the chi-squared test. A statistically significant higher incidence of @entity204 before 18 months occurred in the first generation of the exposed group. The second generation of the exposed group showed a higher incidence of @entity204 at an earlier age. No increased incidence of @entity5 nor any single specific cause of @entity204 was disclosed in the exposed animals. The results of this study indicate that continuous long-term exposure to a 10 kV/m electric field may shorten life-expectancy.

title: Long term effects of a 50 Hz electric field on the life-expectancy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study sets out to investigate vehicles' crash protectiveness on @entity5281 and @entity16 , which can be deemed as an extension of the traditional crash worthiness. A Bayesian bivariate hierarchical ordered logistic (BVHOL) model is developed to estimate the occupant protectiveness (OP) and @entity17830 ( @entity17830 ) of 23 major car brands in Florida, with considering vehicles' @entity146 and controlling external factors. The proposed model not only takes over the strength of the existing hierarchical ordered logistic (HOL) model, i.e. specifying the order characteristics of crash outcomes and cross-crash heterogeneities, but also accounts for the correlation between the two crash responses, @entity130 and @entity16 . A total of 7335 two-vehicle-crash records with 14,670 cars involved in Florida are used for the investigation. From the estimation results, it's found that most of the luxury cars such as Cadillac, Volvo and Lexus possess excellent OP and @entity17830 while some brands such as KIA and Saturn perform very badly in both aspects. The ranks of the estimated safety performance indices are even compared to the counterparts in Huang et al. study [Huang, H., Hu, S., Abdel-Aty, M., 2014. Indexing crash worthiness and @entity146 by major car brands. Safety Science 62, 339-347]. The results show that the rank of occupant protectiveness index (OPI) is relatively coherent with that of crash worthiness index, but the ranks of @entity146 index in both studies is more different from each other. Meanwhile, a great discrepancy between the OPI rank and that of @entity17830 index is found. What's more, the results of control variables and hyper-parameters estimation as well as comparison to HOL models with separate or identical threshold errors, demonstrate the validity and advancement of the proposed model and the robustness of the estimated OP and @entity17830 .

title: Crash protectiveness to @entity5281 and XXXX : An investigation on major car brands.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['crash aggressivity']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['vehicle damage']

entities_list: @entity5281 :: ('MESH:D060051', 'Disease') :: ['occupant injury']

entities_list: @entity17830 :: ('MESH:C536411', 'Disease') :: ['vehicle protectiveness', 'VP']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['driver injury']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['vehicle damage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study sets out to investigate vehicles' crash protectiveness on @entity5281 and @entity16 , which can be deemed as an extension of the traditional crash worthiness. A Bayesian bivariate hierarchical ordered logistic (BVHOL) model is developed to estimate the occupant protectiveness (OP) and @entity17830 ( @entity17830 ) of 23 major car brands in Florida, with considering vehicles' @entity146 and controlling external factors. The proposed model not only takes over the strength of the existing hierarchical ordered logistic (HOL) model, i.e. specifying the order characteristics of crash outcomes and cross-crash heterogeneities, but also accounts for the correlation between the two crash responses, @entity130 and @entity16 . A total of 7335 two-vehicle-crash records with 14,670 cars involved in Florida are used for the investigation. From the estimation results, it's found that most of the luxury cars such as Cadillac, Volvo and Lexus possess excellent OP and @entity17830 while some brands such as KIA and Saturn perform very badly in both aspects. The ranks of the estimated safety performance indices are even compared to the counterparts in Huang et al. study [Huang, H., Hu, S., Abdel-Aty, M., 2014. Indexing crash worthiness and @entity146 by major car brands. Safety Science 62, 339-347]. The results show that the rank of occupant protectiveness index (OPI) is relatively coherent with that of crash worthiness index, but the ranks of @entity146 index in both studies is more different from each other. Meanwhile, a great discrepancy between the OPI rank and that of @entity17830 index is found. What's more, the results of control variables and hyper-parameters estimation as well as comparison to HOL models with separate or identical threshold errors, demonstrate the validity and advancement of the proposed model and the robustness of the estimated OP and @entity17830 .

title: Crash protectiveness to XXXX and @entity16 : An investigation on major car brands.

answer: @entity5281 :: (MESH:D060051,Disease) :: ['occupant injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To investigate the expressions of @entity20521 in @entity2 at mRNA level. METHODS: Using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR), the expressions of @entity20521 in 35 @entity2 samples and non-tumorous lung tissues were examined. RESULTS: Of the 35 @entity5 samples, the @entity20521 were expressed at mRNA level in 22.9% (8/35), 62.9% (22/35), 37.1% (13/35) and 77.1% (27/35) respectively. At least one of these genes was expressed in 85.7% (30/35) of the samples. Two or more of these genes were expressed in 71.4% (25/35) of the samples. None of the non-tumorous lung tissue was positive for these genes. No significant difference of the frequency of MAGE gene expression was found between @entity420 and @entity957 , between different @entity5 stages, and between groups with or without lymph node @entity3 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity20521 are expressed at a high percentage in @entity2 . All of these genes are negative in the adjacent non tumorous lung tissue. These results indicate the possibility of a future specific immunotherapy for @entity2 based on these MAGE antigens.

title: [mRNA expressions of MAGE genes in human XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: Atlanto-occipital dislocation is a devastating @entity130 that most often turns fatal. However, because of on-site resuscitation improvements, the emergency teams are increasingly dealing with this condition. We report a rare case of @entity3029 ( @entity3029 ) in a surviving @entity1 with more than one-year follow-up. The mechanism of injury appears to be an extreme hyperextension applied to the head. This injury occurs more frequently in @entity1 since they are anatomically predisposed (flat articulation between the occiput and the atlas, @entity10089 ). The diagnosis should be suggested by severe @entity16 after high trauma but also post-traumatic @entity51 . There have been reports of atlanto-occipital dilocations without @entity16 . A radiographic examination must be performed and lateral cervical radiographs should be acquired. However, additional imaging with CT or MRI may be required to aid diagnosis of @entity3029 in cases in which radiographic findings are equivocal. Once the diagnosis of @entity3029 has been confirmed, an anatomical classification should be made according to the magnitude of displacement. @entity66 are of neurological and vascular origin and some authors advocate the systematic use of angiography. Consensus regarding the management of @entity3029 in adults has been achieved. Occipito-cervical arthrodesis is the recommended treatment option. We advocate a two-stage surgery: the @entity1 is initially fitted with a halo vest then occipitocervical fusion is performed. Surgical treatment should be combined with cardiorespiratory management. The emergency teams should get familiar with this injury since they will be increasingly confronted to it. Early recognition and standard appropriate management is essential to avoid delayed treatment and complications.

title: Survivor of a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Fatal lesions']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic impairment', 'neurological injury']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory deficit']

entities_list: @entity10089 :: ('MESH:C536012', 'Disease') :: ['increased ligamentous laxity']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ligamentous injury']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['atlanto-occipital dislocation', 'AOD']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['traumatic atlanto-occipital dislocation']


abstract: AIMS: In @entity712 ( @entity712 ), abnormal myocyte @entity141 handling has been implicated in @entity943 and @entity409 . In the present study, we investigated the relationships between @entity141 handling, reduced myocyte contractility, and enhanced arrhythmogenesis during @entity712 progression in a @entity235 model of non-ischaemic @entity712 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Key @entity141 handling parameters were determined by measuring cytosolic and intra-sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) [ @entity141 ] in isolated ventricular myocytes at different stages of @entity712 . The progression of @entity712 was associated with an early and continuous increase in @entity8452 receptor ( @entity40205 )-mediated SR @entity141 leak. The increase in @entity40205 activity was paralleled by an increase in the frequency of diastolic spontaneous @entity141 waves (SCWs) in @entity712 myocytes under conditions of b-adrenergic stimulation. In addition to causing arrhythmogenic-delayed afterdepolarizations, SCWs decreased the amplitude of subsequent electrically evoked @entity141 transients by depleting SR @entity141 . At late stages of @entity712 , @entity141 release oscillated essentially independent of electrical pacing. The increased propensity for the generation of SCWs in @entity712 myocytes was attributable to reduced ability of the @entity40205 channels to become refractory following @entity141 release. The progressive alterations in @entity40205 function and @entity141 cycling in @entity712 myocytes were associated with sequential modifications of @entity40205 by CaMKII-dependent phosphorylation and @entity1432 oxidation. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that destabilized @entity40205 activity due to excessive CaMKII phopshorylation and oxidation resulting in impaired post-release refractoriness is a common mechanism involved in arrhythmogenesis and @entity409 in the failing heart.

title: The relationship between arrhythmogenesis and impaired contractility in @entity712 : role of altered XXXX receptor function.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['contractile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmias']

answer: @entity8452 :: (MESH:D012433,Chemical) :: ['ryanodine']