abstract: BACKGROUND: Inpatient antiarrhythmic drug initiation for @entity955 is mandated for @entity2781 (DF) and is often performed for @entity2778 (SL), particularly if proarrhythmia risk factors are present. Whether low-risk @entity1 can be identified to safely allow outpatient initiation is unknown. METHODS: A single-center retrospective cohort study was performed on @entity1 initiated with DF or SL. Risk factors for adverse events (AEs), defined as any @entity943 or electrocardiogram change requiring dose reduction or cessation, were identified. RESULTS: Of 329 @entity1 , 227 (69%) received SL and 102 (31%) DF. The cohort had a mean age of 63      13 years; 70% of @entity1 were male and had a baseline QTc of 440      37 ms. A total of 105 AEs occurred in 92 @entity1 : @entity1162 or @entity1165 in 70 @entity1 (67% of AEs), @entity1168 in 35 @entity1 (33% of AEs), with some experiencing both AE types. @entity943 were seen in 23 @entity1 (7%) and @entity1166 in one (0.3%). Total AE rates were similar between drugs (P = 0.09); however, DF @entity1 had more @entity1162 or @entity943 (P = 0.001). In SL @entity1 , there were no predictors for @entity1162 or @entity67 . In DF @entity1 , higher baseline QTc interval (odds ratio = 1.64/25 ms, P = 0.01) was an independent predictor of @entity1162 . For @entity1 without proarrhythmia risk factors, overall AE rate was 26%. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, AEs are common during DF and SL initiation but rarely severe in hospitalized inpatients. Baseline QTc predicts AEs for DF @entity1 only and AE are common even in "low-risk" @entity1 . These results support in-hospital drug initiation for all DF and SL @entity1 .

title: Risk Prediction for Adverse Events during Initiation of @entity2778 and XXXX for the Treatment of @entity955 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1166 :: ('MESH:D016171', 'Disease') :: ['torsades de pointes']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['QTc prolongation', 'QTc prolongation or ventricular proarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular proarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'Ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradyarrhythmias']

answer: @entity2781 :: (MESH:C063533,Chemical) :: ['Dofetilide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inpatient antiarrhythmic drug initiation for @entity955 is mandated for @entity2781 (DF) and is often performed for @entity2778 (SL), particularly if proarrhythmia risk factors are present. Whether low-risk @entity1 can be identified to safely allow outpatient initiation is unknown. METHODS: A single-center retrospective cohort study was performed on @entity1 initiated with DF or SL. Risk factors for adverse events (AEs), defined as any @entity943 or electrocardiogram change requiring dose reduction or cessation, were identified. RESULTS: Of 329 @entity1 , 227 (69%) received SL and 102 (31%) DF. The cohort had a mean age of 63      13 years; 70% of @entity1 were male and had a baseline QTc of 440      37 ms. A total of 105 AEs occurred in 92 @entity1 : @entity1162 or @entity1165 in 70 @entity1 (67% of AEs), @entity1168 in 35 @entity1 (33% of AEs), with some experiencing both AE types. @entity943 were seen in 23 @entity1 (7%) and @entity1166 in one (0.3%). Total AE rates were similar between drugs (P = 0.09); however, DF @entity1 had more @entity1162 or @entity943 (P = 0.001). In SL @entity1 , there were no predictors for @entity1162 or @entity67 . In DF @entity1 , higher baseline QTc interval (odds ratio = 1.64/25 ms, P = 0.01) was an independent predictor of @entity1162 . For @entity1 without proarrhythmia risk factors, overall AE rate was 26%. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, AEs are common during DF and SL initiation but rarely severe in hospitalized inpatients. Baseline QTc predicts AEs for DF @entity1 only and AE are common even in "low-risk" @entity1 . These results support in-hospital drug initiation for all DF and SL @entity1 .

title: Risk Prediction for Adverse Events during Initiation of @entity2778 and @entity2781 for the Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2781 :: ('MESH:C063533', 'Chemical') :: ['dofetilide']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inpatient antiarrhythmic drug initiation for @entity955 is mandated for @entity2781 (DF) and is often performed for @entity2778 (SL), particularly if proarrhythmia risk factors are present. Whether low-risk @entity1 can be identified to safely allow outpatient initiation is unknown. METHODS: A single-center retrospective cohort study was performed on @entity1 initiated with DF or SL. Risk factors for adverse events (AEs), defined as any @entity943 or electrocardiogram change requiring dose reduction or cessation, were identified. RESULTS: Of 329 @entity1 , 227 (69%) received SL and 102 (31%) DF. The cohort had a mean age of 63      13 years; 70% of @entity1 were male and had a baseline QTc of 440      37 ms. A total of 105 AEs occurred in 92 @entity1 : @entity1162 or @entity1165 in 70 @entity1 (67% of AEs), @entity1168 in 35 @entity1 (33% of AEs), with some experiencing both AE types. @entity943 were seen in 23 @entity1 (7%) and @entity1166 in one (0.3%). Total AE rates were similar between drugs (P = 0.09); however, DF @entity1 had more @entity1162 or @entity943 (P = 0.001). In SL @entity1 , there were no predictors for @entity1162 or @entity67 . In DF @entity1 , higher baseline QTc interval (odds ratio = 1.64/25 ms, P = 0.01) was an independent predictor of @entity1162 . For @entity1 without proarrhythmia risk factors, overall AE rate was 26%. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, AEs are common during DF and SL initiation but rarely severe in hospitalized inpatients. Baseline QTc predicts AEs for DF @entity1 only and AE are common even in "low-risk" @entity1 . These results support in-hospital drug initiation for all DF and SL @entity1 .

title: Risk Prediction for Adverse Events during Initiation of XXXX and @entity2781 for the Treatment of @entity955 .

answer: @entity2778 :: (MESH:D013015,Chemical) :: ['Sotalol']


abstract: The "cellular effect" i.e. temporary elevation of @entity6740 titer may not be infrequently experienced during course of chemotherapy against @entity1466 . Present paper is to clarify real view of the effect and mechanism of its manifestation by using a cell-line (GCH-nu). 1) Cellular growth was suppressed moderately by 10(-7), 10(-6) and 10(-5)M @entity1500 . 2) During 2-4 days of administration at these concentrations of @entity1500 @entity6740 per ml medium was elevated 5 times. @entity6740 in cells per mg protein were also higher 5-7 times. 3) @entity6740 -beta in media was enhanced 5-7 times in @entity1500 group. 4) @entity1815 , @entity53 and @entity1420 were not altered. 5) @entity1466 cells developed marked enlargement of nuclei and cells, multinucleation and cytoplasmic vacuolization. 6) Cytochemistry of heat stable ALP revealed increased activity especially in cells with morphological changes. ALP examined by biochemical method was enhanced 5 times. 7) Amount of protein per cell increased 10 times after giving @entity1500 . Real view of so-called "cellular effect" includes elevations of @entity6740 -beta and ALP activity as well as @entity6740 , whereas sex @entity230 are not apparently related. The data in addition to morphological and cytochemical changes reveal that @entity1500 may induce differentiation of @entity1466 cells into those of syncytial type, which then sustain the "cellular effect".

title: [Study on so called "cellular effect" of methotrexate on XXXX and its mode of manifestation (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1466 :: ('MESH:D002822', 'Disease') :: ['Choriocarcinoma', 'choriocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity1466 :: (MESH:D002822,Disease) :: ['choriocarcinoma']


abstract: Immunohistochemical methods were used to characterize the expression of two @entity460 -binding proteins, calretinin (CR) and S100, in the olfactory rosette of the adult @entity3392 . These proteins are expressed in different sets of sensory neurons, and together represent a large proportion of these cells. Double immunofluorescence for CR and Ga(olf) protein, and CR immunoelectron microscopy, indicated that most CR-immunoreactive (ir) cells were ciliary neurons. Differential S100- and CR-ir projections to glomerular fields of the olfactory bulb were also observed, although these projections overlap in some glomeruli. Application of the @entity18788 dye @entity18516 to either S100-ir or CR-ir glomerular regions led to labeling of cells mostly similar to S100-ir and CR-ir neurons, respectively. Instead, these bulbar regions project to similar @entity4519 targets. On the other hand, antibodies against keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-stained numerous sensory cells in the olfactory rosette, including cells that were CR- and S100-negative. This antiserum also stained most primary bulbar projections and revealed extrabulbar olfactory primary projections coursing to the ventral area of the telencephalon through the medial olfactory tract. This extrabulbar projection was confirmed by tract-tracing with @entity18516 . A loose association of this extrabulbar primary olfactory projection and the catecholaminergic populations of the ventral area was also observed with double @entity669 hydroxylase/KLH-like immunohistochemistry. Comparison between KLH-like-ir pathways and the structures revealed by @entity12927 immunohistochemistry (a marker of terminal ganglion cells and fibers) indicated that the KLH-like-ir extrabulbar projection was different from the terminal nerve system. The significance of the extrabulbar olfactory projection of @entity3392 is discussed.

title: Differential bulbar and extrabulbar projections of diverse olfactory receptor neuron populations in the adult XXXX ( @entity3392 ).

entities_list: @entity12927 :: ('MESH:D019835', 'Chemical') :: ['FMRFamide']

entities_list: @entity18788 :: ('CHEBI:52218', 'Chemical') :: ['carbocyanine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity4519 :: ('MESH:C536954', 'Disease') :: ['telencephalic']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']


abstract: Immunohistochemical methods were used to characterize the expression of two @entity460 -binding proteins, calretinin (CR) and S100, in the olfactory rosette of the adult @entity3392 . These proteins are expressed in different sets of sensory neurons, and together represent a large proportion of these cells. Double immunofluorescence for CR and Ga(olf) protein, and CR immunoelectron microscopy, indicated that most CR-immunoreactive (ir) cells were ciliary neurons. Differential S100- and CR-ir projections to glomerular fields of the olfactory bulb were also observed, although these projections overlap in some glomeruli. Application of the @entity18788 dye @entity18516 to either S100-ir or CR-ir glomerular regions led to labeling of cells mostly similar to S100-ir and CR-ir neurons, respectively. Instead, these bulbar regions project to similar @entity4519 targets. On the other hand, antibodies against keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-stained numerous sensory cells in the olfactory rosette, including cells that were CR- and S100-negative. This antiserum also stained most primary bulbar projections and revealed extrabulbar olfactory primary projections coursing to the ventral area of the telencephalon through the medial olfactory tract. This extrabulbar projection was confirmed by tract-tracing with @entity18516 . A loose association of this extrabulbar primary olfactory projection and the catecholaminergic populations of the ventral area was also observed with double @entity669 hydroxylase/KLH-like immunohistochemistry. Comparison between KLH-like-ir pathways and the structures revealed by @entity12927 immunohistochemistry (a marker of terminal ganglion cells and fibers) indicated that the KLH-like-ir extrabulbar projection was different from the terminal nerve system. The significance of the extrabulbar olfactory projection of @entity3392 is discussed.

title: Differential bulbar and extrabulbar projections of diverse olfactory receptor neuron populations in the adult @entity3392 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['Danio rerio']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity322 ( @entity322 ) is a stigmatised condition that remains a silent affliction for many populations. To date, no local study has been performed to determine its prevalence in our population. The existing literature from the West has shown highly variable rates, ranging from 0.8% to 18.0%. The aim of this study was to determine the cross-sectional prevalence of @entity322 in Singapore and to identify at-risk groups. METHODS: A door-to-door questionnaire survey was performed between February and March 2013. We randomly selected 1,000 individuals from the electoral roll to be surveyed using the validated Comprehensive @entity1241 . RESULTS: A total of 381 @entity1 agreed to be enrolled in the study. The mean age of the @entity1 was 52 (range 21-86) years, and slightly more than half of the @entity1 were female (52.8%). Among the female @entity1 , 73.1% had @entity1 (78.8% underwent normal vaginal delivery). The overall prevalence of @entity322 in our study population was 4.7%. The prevalence of @entity322 was observed to be significantly associated with increasing age (p = 0.004) and female gender (p = 0.029); @entity1 were three times more likely to suffer from @entity322 than @entity1 . CONCLUSION: With the ageing population of Singapore, the results of the present study provide further impetus to continue public outreach efforts as well as develop clinical programmes that address the growing need for specialist treatments for @entity1 with @entity322 .

title: Prevalence of XXXX in the community: a cross-sectional study in Singapore.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'children', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['Fecal Incontinence Questionnaire']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['FI', 'Faecal incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['faecal incontinence']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the current study was to investigate basic emotions and attachment in a sample of 86 @entity64 @entity1 . We included a control group of 115 orthopedic @entity1 (matched for age and cognitive status) without @entity75 to control for unspecific general illness effects of a traumatic recent event on basic emotions and attachment. In order to measure basic emotions and attachment style we applied the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scale (ANPS) and the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). The @entity64 @entity1 showed significantly different scores in the SEEKING, SADNESS, and ANGER subscales of the ANPS as well as in the Relationship as Secondary Attachment dimension of the ASQ when compared to the control group. These differences show a pattern influenced by lesion location mainly as concerns basic emotions. Anterior, medial, left, and subcortical @entity1 provide scores significantly lower in ANPS-SEEKING than the control group; ANPS-SADNESS scores in anterior, right, medial, and subcortical @entity1 were significantly higher than those of the control group. ANPS-ANGER scores in posterior, right, and lateral @entity1 were significantly higher than those in the control group; finally, the ANPS-FEAR showed slightly lower scores in posterior @entity1 than in the control group. Minor effects on @entity75 were also individuated in the attachment style. @entity75 @entity1 showed a significantly higher average score in the ASQ-Need for Approval subscale than the control group. ASQ-Confidence subscale scores differed significantly in @entity64 @entity1 with lesions in medial brain regions when compared to control subjects. Scores at ANPS and ASQ subscales appear significantly more correlated in @entity64 @entity1 than in the control group. Such finding of abnormalities, especially concerning basic emotions in @entity64 brain-lesioned @entity1 , indicates that the effect of @entity75 may enhance the interrelation between basic emotions and attachment with respect to the control group.

title: Do @entity75 in XXXX affect basic emotions and attachment?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions', 'Anterior lesion']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the current study was to investigate basic emotions and attachment in a sample of 86 @entity64 @entity1 . We included a control group of 115 orthopedic @entity1 (matched for age and cognitive status) without @entity75 to control for unspecific general illness effects of a traumatic recent event on basic emotions and attachment. In order to measure basic emotions and attachment style we applied the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scale (ANPS) and the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). The @entity64 @entity1 showed significantly different scores in the SEEKING, SADNESS, and ANGER subscales of the ANPS as well as in the Relationship as Secondary Attachment dimension of the ASQ when compared to the control group. These differences show a pattern influenced by lesion location mainly as concerns basic emotions. Anterior, medial, left, and subcortical @entity1 provide scores significantly lower in ANPS-SEEKING than the control group; ANPS-SADNESS scores in anterior, right, medial, and subcortical @entity1 were significantly higher than those of the control group. ANPS-ANGER scores in posterior, right, and lateral @entity1 were significantly higher than those in the control group; finally, the ANPS-FEAR showed slightly lower scores in posterior @entity1 than in the control group. Minor effects on @entity75 were also individuated in the attachment style. @entity75 @entity1 showed a significantly higher average score in the ASQ-Need for Approval subscale than the control group. ASQ-Confidence subscale scores differed significantly in @entity64 @entity1 with lesions in medial brain regions when compared to control subjects. Scores at ANPS and ASQ subscales appear significantly more correlated in @entity64 @entity1 than in the control group. Such finding of abnormalities, especially concerning basic emotions in @entity64 brain-lesioned @entity1 , indicates that the effect of @entity75 may enhance the interrelation between basic emotions and attachment with respect to the control group.

title: Do XXXX in @entity64 affect basic emotions and attachment?

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain lesions']


abstract: Clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics associated with spontaneous and inducible @entity955 and @entity1165 were assessed in 20 consecutive @entity1 with @entity3153 undergoing surgical division (n = 12) or transcatheter electrical ablation (n = 8) of accessory pathways. @entity1 with spontaneous @entity955 were characterized by the trend (not significant) of a shorter antegrade accessory pathway effective refractory period (256 +/- 26 vs 303 +/- 109 msec). However, @entity1 with and without spontaneous @entity955 did not differ with respect to prevalence of structural @entity299 (3 of 11 vs 2 of 9), intra-atrial conduction time (34 +/- 10 vs 32 +/- 10 msec), or interatrial conduction time (86 +/- 21 vs 88 +/- 17 msec). Thus, atrial and accessory pathway electrophysiologic properties (per se) were not clear determinants of susceptibility to @entity955 . Among the 20 @entity1 , 10 to 35 beats of nonsustained @entity1165 (seven @entity1 ) or @entity2224 (three @entity1 ) were induced at electrophysiologic study with one to three programmed extrastimuli. Clinically, a @entity943 ( @entity2224 during @entity955 ) had occurred in only one of these @entity1 . The discordance of these observations was significant (p less than 0.01). @entity1 with and without inducible @entity943 were not distinguished by clinical factors or by electrophysiologic properties of the accessory pathway or ventricles. Accessory pathway conduction was completely or partially eliminated by ablation procedures in 14 of 20 @entity1 . During a mean follow-up of 27 months, @entity955 recurred in two @entity1 with failed ablation procedures and in one @entity1 with @entity4032 (despite accessory pathway division) (p = 0.019 vs pre-ablation). @entity943 remained inducible in two @entity1 in whom accessory pathway ablation failed (p = 0.01 vs initial study). However, spontaneous @entity1165 did not occur during follow-up. We conclude that susceptibility to spontaneous or inducible @entity955 and @entity1165 in @entity1 with @entity3153 and no @entity299 depends primarily on the existence of a functional accessory pathway. These susceptibilities are eliminated by interruption of accessory pathway conduction. @entity1165 remain infrequent spontaneous events in the @entity3153 . Their more frequent induction at electrophysiologic study is not predictive of clinical occurrence.

title: Susceptibility to @entity955 and @entity1165 in the XXXX : role of the accessory pathway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias', 'ventricular tachycardia', 'ventricular tachyarrhythmia', 'Ventricular tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['organic heart disease', 'heart disease']

entities_list: @entity4032 :: ('MESH:D059446', 'Disease') :: ['left atrial enlargement']

entities_list: @entity3153 :: ('MESH:D014927', 'Disease') :: ['WPW syndrome', 'Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'ventricular arrhythmias', 'Ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity3153 :: (MESH:D014927,Disease) :: ['Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome']


abstract: Clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics associated with spontaneous and inducible @entity955 and @entity1165 were assessed in 20 consecutive @entity1 with @entity3153 undergoing surgical division (n = 12) or transcatheter electrical ablation (n = 8) of accessory pathways. @entity1 with spontaneous @entity955 were characterized by the trend (not significant) of a shorter antegrade accessory pathway effective refractory period (256 +/- 26 vs 303 +/- 109 msec). However, @entity1 with and without spontaneous @entity955 did not differ with respect to prevalence of structural @entity299 (3 of 11 vs 2 of 9), intra-atrial conduction time (34 +/- 10 vs 32 +/- 10 msec), or interatrial conduction time (86 +/- 21 vs 88 +/- 17 msec). Thus, atrial and accessory pathway electrophysiologic properties (per se) were not clear determinants of susceptibility to @entity955 . Among the 20 @entity1 , 10 to 35 beats of nonsustained @entity1165 (seven @entity1 ) or @entity2224 (three @entity1 ) were induced at electrophysiologic study with one to three programmed extrastimuli. Clinically, a @entity943 ( @entity2224 during @entity955 ) had occurred in only one of these @entity1 . The discordance of these observations was significant (p less than 0.01). @entity1 with and without inducible @entity943 were not distinguished by clinical factors or by electrophysiologic properties of the accessory pathway or ventricles. Accessory pathway conduction was completely or partially eliminated by ablation procedures in 14 of 20 @entity1 . During a mean follow-up of 27 months, @entity955 recurred in two @entity1 with failed ablation procedures and in one @entity1 with @entity4032 (despite accessory pathway division) (p = 0.019 vs pre-ablation). @entity943 remained inducible in two @entity1 in whom accessory pathway ablation failed (p = 0.01 vs initial study). However, spontaneous @entity1165 did not occur during follow-up. We conclude that susceptibility to spontaneous or inducible @entity955 and @entity1165 in @entity1 with @entity3153 and no @entity299 depends primarily on the existence of a functional accessory pathway. These susceptibilities are eliminated by interruption of accessory pathway conduction. @entity1165 remain infrequent spontaneous events in the @entity3153 . Their more frequent induction at electrophysiologic study is not predictive of clinical occurrence.

title: Susceptibility to @entity955 and XXXX in the @entity3153 : role of the accessory pathway.

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmia']


abstract: Clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics associated with spontaneous and inducible @entity955 and @entity1165 were assessed in 20 consecutive @entity1 with @entity3153 undergoing surgical division (n = 12) or transcatheter electrical ablation (n = 8) of accessory pathways. @entity1 with spontaneous @entity955 were characterized by the trend (not significant) of a shorter antegrade accessory pathway effective refractory period (256 +/- 26 vs 303 +/- 109 msec). However, @entity1 with and without spontaneous @entity955 did not differ with respect to prevalence of structural @entity299 (3 of 11 vs 2 of 9), intra-atrial conduction time (34 +/- 10 vs 32 +/- 10 msec), or interatrial conduction time (86 +/- 21 vs 88 +/- 17 msec). Thus, atrial and accessory pathway electrophysiologic properties (per se) were not clear determinants of susceptibility to @entity955 . Among the 20 @entity1 , 10 to 35 beats of nonsustained @entity1165 (seven @entity1 ) or @entity2224 (three @entity1 ) were induced at electrophysiologic study with one to three programmed extrastimuli. Clinically, a @entity943 ( @entity2224 during @entity955 ) had occurred in only one of these @entity1 . The discordance of these observations was significant (p less than 0.01). @entity1 with and without inducible @entity943 were not distinguished by clinical factors or by electrophysiologic properties of the accessory pathway or ventricles. Accessory pathway conduction was completely or partially eliminated by ablation procedures in 14 of 20 @entity1 . During a mean follow-up of 27 months, @entity955 recurred in two @entity1 with failed ablation procedures and in one @entity1 with @entity4032 (despite accessory pathway division) (p = 0.019 vs pre-ablation). @entity943 remained inducible in two @entity1 in whom accessory pathway ablation failed (p = 0.01 vs initial study). However, spontaneous @entity1165 did not occur during follow-up. We conclude that susceptibility to spontaneous or inducible @entity955 and @entity1165 in @entity1 with @entity3153 and no @entity299 depends primarily on the existence of a functional accessory pathway. These susceptibilities are eliminated by interruption of accessory pathway conduction. @entity1165 remain infrequent spontaneous events in the @entity3153 . Their more frequent induction at electrophysiologic study is not predictive of clinical occurrence.

title: Susceptibility to XXXX and @entity1165 in the @entity3153 : role of the accessory pathway.

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: Cardiac @entity3 are often clinically inapparent but have important prognostic significance. A total of 1046 consecutive autopsies performed between 1981 and 1983 were reviewed, and 210 @entity1 with both premortem and autopsy diagnoses of @entity5 were found, in whom a recent (less than 3 months before death) ECG was available. Of these @entity1 , 47 had cardiac @entity3 (group I) and 163 did not (group II). In group I, 19 @entity1 had new ECG changes suggestive of @entity741 or injury, including either diffuse T wave inversion (10%), segmental (ECG pattern suggestive of a specific coronary distribution) T wave inversion (80%), or ST elevation (10%). None of these @entity1 had symptoms suggestive of @entity741 . In group II, six @entity1 had ECG changes suggestive of @entity741 or injury: four @entity1 with @entity295 , one with @entity583 , and one with aspergillus nodules within the myocardium. New @entity943 (seven @entity1 ) and low voltage (10 @entity1 ) were found with greater frequency in group I @entity1 (p less than 0.0005 and p less than 0.00001, respectively, vs group II). @entity1 with normal ECGs were unlikely to have cardiac @entity3 ; however, the finding of nonspecific ST-T wave changes was not helpful in differentiating the two groups. In clinically stable @entity1 with @entity5 and no cardiac symptoms suggestive of @entity63 , any new ECG change should raise the suspicion of cardiac @entity3 . The ECG finding of @entity741 or injury has high specificity (96%, p less than 0.000001) for cardiac @entity3 .

title: Electrocardiographic markers of cardiac XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['preterminal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmias']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: Transcriptional regulation of ribosome and tRNA synthesis plays a central role in determining protein synthetic capacity and is tightly controlled in response to nutrient availability and cellular stress. In @entity375 , the regulation of ribosome and tRNA synthesis was recently shown to involve the Cdc-like kinase @entity71925 and the GSK-3 kinase Mck1. In this study, we explored additional roles for these conserved kinases in processes connected to the target of @entity3446 complex 1 (TORC1). We conducted a synthetic chemical-genetic screen in a @entity71925   mck1   strain and identified many novel @entity3446 -hypersensitive genes. Gene ontology analysis showed enrichment for TORC1-regulated processes (vesicle-mediated transport, autophagy, and regulation of cell size) and identified new connections to protein complexes including the protein kinase CK2. CK2 is considered to be a constitutively active kinase and in budding @entity375 , the holoenzyme comprises two regulatory subunits, @entity71926 and @entity71927 , and two catalytic subunits, @entity71928 and @entity25601 . We show that @entity71926 is differentially phosphorylated in vivo and that @entity71925 mediates this phosphorylation when nutrients are limiting and under all tested stress conditions. We determined that the phosphorylation of @entity71926 does not detectably affect the stability of the CK2 holoenzyme but correlates with the reduced occupancy of @entity71926 on tRNA genes after @entity3446 treatment. Thus, the differential occupancy of tRNA genes by CK2 is likely to modulate its activation of RNA polymerase III transcription. Our data suggest that TORC1, via its effector kinase @entity71925 , may regulate the association of CK2 with some of its substrates by phosphorylating @entity71926 .

title: Differential Phosphorylation of a Regulatory Subunit of Protein Kinase CK2 by Target of XXXX Complex 1 Signaling and the Cdc-like Kinase @entity71925 .

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

answer: @entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['Rapamycin']


abstract: Transcriptional regulation of ribosome and tRNA synthesis plays a central role in determining protein synthetic capacity and is tightly controlled in response to nutrient availability and cellular stress. In @entity375 , the regulation of ribosome and tRNA synthesis was recently shown to involve the Cdc-like kinase @entity71925 and the GSK-3 kinase Mck1. In this study, we explored additional roles for these conserved kinases in processes connected to the target of @entity3446 complex 1 (TORC1). We conducted a synthetic chemical-genetic screen in a @entity71925   mck1   strain and identified many novel @entity3446 -hypersensitive genes. Gene ontology analysis showed enrichment for TORC1-regulated processes (vesicle-mediated transport, autophagy, and regulation of cell size) and identified new connections to protein complexes including the protein kinase CK2. CK2 is considered to be a constitutively active kinase and in budding @entity375 , the holoenzyme comprises two regulatory subunits, @entity71926 and @entity71927 , and two catalytic subunits, @entity71928 and @entity25601 . We show that @entity71926 is differentially phosphorylated in vivo and that @entity71925 mediates this phosphorylation when nutrients are limiting and under all tested stress conditions. We determined that the phosphorylation of @entity71926 does not detectably affect the stability of the CK2 holoenzyme but correlates with the reduced occupancy of @entity71926 on tRNA genes after @entity3446 treatment. Thus, the differential occupancy of tRNA genes by CK2 is likely to modulate its activation of RNA polymerase III transcription. Our data suggest that TORC1, via its effector kinase @entity71925 , may regulate the association of CK2 with some of its substrates by phosphorylating @entity71926 .

title: Differential Phosphorylation of a Regulatory Subunit of Protein Kinase CK2 by Target of @entity3446 Complex 1 Signaling and the Cdc-like Kinase XXXX .

answer: @entity71925 :: (850641(Tax:4932),Gene) :: ['Kns1']


abstract: The cytogenesis of @entity2968 ( @entity1777 ) was assessed by immunohistochemical methods. Three @entity1777 were analyzed by a sensitive immunoalkaline phosphatase technique with a panel of monoclonal antibodies, including eight reacting with separate antigens previously found to be present on mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) and one specific for the endothelial marker, coagulation Factor 8. Among the MP-associated antigens evaluated were leukocyte common antigen (LCA), HLA-DR, C3b receptor, and C3bi receptor. Also incorporated in the panel were antibodies to MP-associated antigens with well-characterized tissue distribution but of currently unknown function. Constituent cells of the @entity5 varied in their reactions with the antibodies of the panel. Although mononuclear cells in @entity5 stroma were labeled with all of the antibodies against the MP markers, giant cells reacted strongly only with antibodies to LCA and the MP-associated antigen recognized by the antibody EBM11. Giant cells were weakly and focally labeled with antibodies (KB90 and UCHM1) against two additional MP-associated determinants and were unreactive with the remaining antibodies in the panel. Spindled stromal cells, which appeared to produce collagen, were not labeled with any of the antibodies in the panel. Only endothelial cells reacted with antibody to Factor 8. The results of this study suggest that giant cells of @entity1777 are derived from stromal cells of mononuclear phagocyte lineage, and that the stromal precurser cells lose some, but not all, MP-associated antigens as they mature into giant cells.

title: Immunohistochemical study of mononuclear phagocyte antigens in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2968 :: ('MESH:D018212', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell tumor of bone']

answer: @entity2968 :: (MESH:D018212,Disease) :: ['giant cell tumor of bone']


abstract: The abdominal viscera of @entity468 have been postulated to contain a site of cardiovascular regulation. In particular, a baroreceptive function has been ascribed to splanchnic afferent nerves. We wished to determine whether afferents with a cardiac-rhythmic discharge functioned as arterial baroreceptors. Nineteen afferents with a cardiac rhythmic discharge were studied. All afferents were A fibers, whose endings were located in either the pancreas, mesentery, or porta hepatis region. We examined their characteristics of discharge with regard to changes in mean pressure, pulse pressure, and dP/dt of the arterial pulse. Hemodynamic alterations were achieved by intravenous administration of @entity3044 , @entity1063 , or @entity2647 and by occlusion of the descending thoracic aorta. After @entity3044 , increases in nerve activity occurred when pulse pressure and dP/dt were increased but while mean pressure was decreasing, indicating that mean pressure was not the stimulus for discharge of these afferents. Additionally, under similar hemodynamic conditions, afferents did not demonstrate reproducible patterns of activity. The afferents generally discharged with one impulse per cardiac cycle, rarely with two to three impulses per cycle. None demonstrated a bursting pattern even when arterial blood pressure was quite elevated. The spontaneous pattern of discharge changed frequently, often after the viscera were repositioned, and sometimes remained even after complete occlusion of the aorta. The data indicate that these visceral afferents do not respond as high pressure, arterial baroreceptors. All afferents adapted extremely rapidly and exhibited a low gain (0.02 +/- 0.00 impulses X s-1 X mmHg-1), indicating that these fibers would be ineffective in signaling physiologically significant changes in hemodynamic variables. The data from this study do not support the existence of baroreceptors in the abdominal viscera of @entity468 .

title: Evidence against high pressure, arterial baroreceptors in the abdominal viscera of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

answer: @entity468 :: (9685,Species) :: ['cats']


abstract: The @entity460 antagonist @entity594 (Adalat) was administered to 60 @entity1 with essential @entity101 and investigations were performed on acute and chronic @entity551 effects. The following results were obtained: 1. Acute @entity551 effects: @entity594 (20 mg) was either orally or sublingually administered. Following oral administration, significant @entity551 effect was attained 20 min after administration and the maximum @entity551 response was obtained 2-4 h after administration. In cases of sublingual administration, significant @entity551 effect was notable 5 min after administration and blood pressure reached the lowest level 2-3 h after administration. The @entity551 effects lasted for a relatively longer period and significantly lower blood pressure than the control level was observed even 3 h after administration. 2. @entity551 effects: @entity594 (30-60 mg/d) was orally administered consecutively. Significant @entity551 effect was attained in and after the 4th week of administration. The yearly changes in the long-term administration cases over 3 years demonstrated significant @entity551 effects. The cases who did not respond to single administration of @entity7206 or beta-blockers exhibited significant @entity551 response by the combined use of @entity594 . 3. Change in heart rate: In the acute study, heart rate increased after @entity594 administration and lasted for several hours. In the long-term administration cases, the changes in heart rate were not significant. 4. Side effects attributable to @entity594 such as @entity10 in 2 cases, @entity1671 , warm sensation and @entity390 in 1 case each were observed early after the administration but there were no cases in whom administration was discontinued due to these side effects.

title: Antihypertensive effects of the @entity460 antagonistic agent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1671 :: ('MESH:D005483', 'Disease') :: ['facial flushing, palpitation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity7206 :: ('MESH:D049971', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazides']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine', 'Nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'Chronic hypotensive']

answer: @entity594 :: (MESH:D009543,Chemical) :: ['nifedipine']


abstract: The @entity460 antagonist @entity594 (Adalat) was administered to 60 @entity1 with essential @entity101 and investigations were performed on acute and chronic @entity551 effects. The following results were obtained: 1. Acute @entity551 effects: @entity594 (20 mg) was either orally or sublingually administered. Following oral administration, significant @entity551 effect was attained 20 min after administration and the maximum @entity551 response was obtained 2-4 h after administration. In cases of sublingual administration, significant @entity551 effect was notable 5 min after administration and blood pressure reached the lowest level 2-3 h after administration. The @entity551 effects lasted for a relatively longer period and significantly lower blood pressure than the control level was observed even 3 h after administration. 2. @entity551 effects: @entity594 (30-60 mg/d) was orally administered consecutively. Significant @entity551 effect was attained in and after the 4th week of administration. The yearly changes in the long-term administration cases over 3 years demonstrated significant @entity551 effects. The cases who did not respond to single administration of @entity7206 or beta-blockers exhibited significant @entity551 response by the combined use of @entity594 . 3. Change in heart rate: In the acute study, heart rate increased after @entity594 administration and lasted for several hours. In the long-term administration cases, the changes in heart rate were not significant. 4. Side effects attributable to @entity594 such as @entity10 in 2 cases, @entity1671 , warm sensation and @entity390 in 1 case each were observed early after the administration but there were no cases in whom administration was discontinued due to these side effects.

title: Antihypertensive effects of the XXXX antagonistic agent @entity594 .

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study examined the relationship among baseline program and teacher characteristics and subsequent implementation of Banking Time. Banking Time is a dyadic intervention intended to improve a teacher's interaction quality with a specific @entity1 . Banking Time implementation was examined in the current study using a sample of 59 teachers and preschool @entity1 displaying @entity952 in the classroom (~three @entity1 per classroom). Predictors included preschool program type, teacher demographic characteristics (personal and professional), and teacher beliefs (self-efficacy, authoritarian beliefs, and negative attributions about @entity1 disruptive behavior). Multiple measures and methods (i.e., teacher report, consultant report, independent observations) were used to assess implementation. We created three implementation composite measures (dosage, quality, and generalized practice) that had high internal consistencies within each composite but were only modestly associated with one another, suggesting unique constructs of implementation. We found that type of preschool program was associated with dosage and quality. Aspects of teacher demographics related to all three implementation composites. Teacher beliefs predicted dosage and generalized practice. Results suggest that the factors that predict the implementation of Banking Time vary as a function of the type of implementation being assessed.

title: Program and Teacher Characteristics Predicting the Implementation of Banking Time with Preschoolers Who Display XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity952 :: ('MESH:D019958', 'Disease') :: ['disruptive behaviors']

answer: @entity952 :: (MESH:D019958,Disease) :: ['Disruptive Behaviors']


abstract: Epidemiologic studies support an association among elevated levels of @entity7459 ( @entity6836 ), increased respiratory symptoms, and alterations in lung function. To determine if low level @entity6836 inhalation potentiates exercise-induced @entity5143 , 15 @entity748 subjects, defined by airway constriction with cold air provocation, inhaled 0.30 ppm (560 micrograms/m3) @entity6836 for 30 min. All asthmatics inhaled either air or 0.30 ppm @entity6836 via a mouthpiece for 20 min at rest followed by 10 min of exercise on a bicycle ergometer at a workload of 300 kpm/min, producing a 3-fold or greater increase in minute ventilation. Our studies @entity8544 (SE)% deposition of inhaled @entity6836 at rest and 87 +/- 1% deposition with exercise (p less than 0.001). @entity7459 inhalation at rest resulted in no significant change in pulmonary function. @entity7459 inhalation plus exercise compared to control (air) exposure plus exercise produced significantly greater reductions in FEV (p less than 0.01) and partial expiratory flow rates at 60% of total lung capacity (p less than 0.05). One hour after completion of @entity6836 exposure and exercise, pulmonary function had returned to baseline values. To determine if @entity6836 exposure caused increased reactivity to a known bronchoconstrictor, @entity748 subjects inhaled cold air (range: -11 +/- 2 degrees C) at 3 successive rates of isocapnic ventilation. The response to cold air was expressed as the respiratory heat exchange required to reduce the FEV by 10% (PD10RHE). Prior @entity6836 exposure potentiated the fall in FEV, PD10RHE, and specific airway conductance (p less than 0.05) after isocapnic cold air hyperventilation, compared to the control exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Inhalation of 0.30 ppm XXXX potentiates exercise-induced @entity5143 in asthmatics.

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity7459 :: ('MESH:D009585', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrogen dioxide', 'nitrogen dioxide']

entities_list: @entity5143 :: ('MESH:D001986', 'Disease') :: ['bronchospasm']

answer: @entity7459 :: (MESH:D009585,Chemical) :: ['nitrogen dioxide']


abstract: Epidemiologic studies support an association among elevated levels of @entity7459 ( @entity6836 ), increased respiratory symptoms, and alterations in lung function. To determine if low level @entity6836 inhalation potentiates exercise-induced @entity5143 , 15 @entity748 subjects, defined by airway constriction with cold air provocation, inhaled 0.30 ppm (560 micrograms/m3) @entity6836 for 30 min. All asthmatics inhaled either air or 0.30 ppm @entity6836 via a mouthpiece for 20 min at rest followed by 10 min of exercise on a bicycle ergometer at a workload of 300 kpm/min, producing a 3-fold or greater increase in minute ventilation. Our studies @entity8544 (SE)% deposition of inhaled @entity6836 at rest and 87 +/- 1% deposition with exercise (p less than 0.001). @entity7459 inhalation at rest resulted in no significant change in pulmonary function. @entity7459 inhalation plus exercise compared to control (air) exposure plus exercise produced significantly greater reductions in FEV (p less than 0.01) and partial expiratory flow rates at 60% of total lung capacity (p less than 0.05). One hour after completion of @entity6836 exposure and exercise, pulmonary function had returned to baseline values. To determine if @entity6836 exposure caused increased reactivity to a known bronchoconstrictor, @entity748 subjects inhaled cold air (range: -11 +/- 2 degrees C) at 3 successive rates of isocapnic ventilation. The response to cold air was expressed as the respiratory heat exchange required to reduce the FEV by 10% (PD10RHE). Prior @entity6836 exposure potentiated the fall in FEV, PD10RHE, and specific airway conductance (p less than 0.05) after isocapnic cold air hyperventilation, compared to the control exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Inhalation of 0.30 ppm @entity7459 potentiates exercise-induced XXXX in asthmatics.

answer: @entity5143 :: (MESH:D001986,Disease) :: ['bronchospasm']


abstract: The collateral circulation in the @entity35 small intestine was studied by evaluating the viability of an intestinal segment after its primary mesenteric vascular supply had been interrupted. After ligation of the main mesenteric branches of a 30-cm segment of either jejunum or ileum, viability was assessed immediately by the fluorescence pattern observed under ultraviolet illumination after the peripheral intravenous injection of @entity941 . Viability was assessed again at 48 hours by the @entity941 technique and by gross and histologic examination. With the marginal vessels intact, the collateral circulation was able to sustain 10 per cent of the entire length of small intestine beyond the point of devascularization. On the other hand, when the marginal vessels had been ligated, this length of sustained intestine proved to be negligible. With respect to the above findings, there was no difference in the extent or pattern of collateral circulation at different levels along the small intestine, from proximal jejunum to jejuno-ileal junction to terminal ileum. Systemic infusion of a vasodilator, @entity3044 , was found to substantially decrease the length of small intestine maintained viable by collateral flow. This was associated with a greater decrease in systemic vascular resistance than in mesenteric vascular resistance, which resulted in a drop in mesenteric blood flow. In each of the above studies, the ultimate viability of the intestine by histologic section at 48 hours correlated closely with the @entity941 pattern immediately after devascularization. These studies demonstrate that the collateral circulation of the small intestine is extensive and sufficient to maintain viability in a substantial proportion of the length of the entire intestine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of collateral circulation on intestinal viability following segmental devascularization in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein', 'sodium fluorescein']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE Manual surveillance of healthcare-associated @entity281 is cumbersome and vulnerable to subjective interpretation. Automated systems are under development to improve efficiency and reliability of surveillance, for example by selecting high-risk @entity1 requiring manual chart review. In this study, we aimed to validate a previously developed multivariable prediction modeling approach for detecting @entity693 ( @entity693 ) in neurosurgical @entity1 and to assess its merits compared to conventional methods of automated surveillance. METHODS Prospective cohort study in 3 hospitals assessing the accuracy and efficiency of 2 automated surveillance methods for detecting @entity693 , the multivariable prediction model and a classification algorithm, using manual chart review as the reference standard. All 3 methods of surveillance were performed independently. @entity1 receiving cerebrospinal fluid drains were included (2012-2013), except @entity1 , and @entity1 deceased within 24 hours or with pre-existing @entity693 . Data required by automated surveillance methods were extracted from routine care clinical data warehouses. RESULTS In total, @entity693 occurred in 37 of 366 external cerebrospinal fluid drainage episodes (12.3/1000 drain days at risk). The multivariable prediction model had good discriminatory power (area under the ROC curve 0.91-1.00 by hospital), had adequate overall calibration, and could identify high-risk @entity1 requiring manual confirmation with 97.3% sensitivity and 52.2% positive predictive value, decreasing the workload for manual surveillance by 81%. The multivariable approach was more efficient than classification algorithms in 2 of 3 hospitals. CONCLUSIONS Automated surveillance of @entity693 using a multivariable prediction model in multiple hospitals considerably reduced the burden for manual chart review at near-perfect sensitivity. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;36(1): 65-75.

title: Validation of an automated surveillance approach for XXXX : a multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['DRM', 'meningitis', 'drain-related meningitis']

answer: @entity693 :: (MESH:D008581,Disease) :: ['drain-related meningitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity435 peptide receptors (FPRs) are a family of chemoattractant receptors with important roles in host defense and the regulation of inflammatory reactions. In @entity1 , three FPR paralogs have been identified ( @entity5038 , @entity51758 , and @entity48093 ) and may have functionally diversified by gene duplication and adaptive evolution. However, the evolutionary mechanisms operating in the diversification of FPR family genes and the changes in selection pressures have not been characterized to date. Here, we have made a comprehensive evolutionary analysis of FPR genes from @entity1 species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that an early duplication was responsible for @entity5038 and @entity51758 / @entity48093 splitting, and @entity48093 originated from the latest duplication event near the origin of primates. Codon-based tests of positive selection reveal interesting patterns in @entity5038 and @entity51758 versus @entity48093 , with the first two genes showing clear evidence of positive selection at some sites while the majority of them evolve under strong negative selection. In contrast, our results suggest that the selective pressure may be relaxed in the @entity48093 lineage. Of the six @entity535 sites inferred to evolve under positive selection in @entity5038 and @entity51758 , four sites were located in extracellular loops of the protein. The electrostatic potential of the extracellular surface of FPR might be affected more frequently with @entity535 substitutions in positively selected sites. Thus, positive selection of FPRs among mammals may reflect a link between changes in the sequence and surface structure of the proteins and is likely to be important in the host's defense against invading pathogens.

title: Adaptive Evolution of XXXX Peptide Receptors in Mammals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity435 :: ('CHEBI:42485', 'Chemical') :: ['formyl']

answer: @entity435 :: (CHEBI:42485,Chemical) :: ['Formyl']


abstract: Temporary and immediately usable vascular access is a vital need in treating @entity1381 @entity1 . Subclavian vein cannulation, although a major progress, has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, for the last 2.5 years the authors have been developing an alternative technique consisting of internal jugular vein cannulation (IJVC) with two @entity1346 rubber catheters with a long-term, proved biocompatibility. One hundred sixty-five pairs of cannulas were inserted in 153 @entity1 . Mean duration of use was 57 days (1 day to 17 months). More than 3,000 high-performance hemodialysis sessions were performed. IJVC handling and care were easily managed by nurses. A low incidence of complications was observed: two @entity715 episodes, four @entity272 with three @entity295 , one @entity3728 , and one anaphylactoid reaction. No @entity204 was related to the technique itself. IJVC offers a new, safe, and reliable temporary vascular access immediately usable for all kinds of extracorporeal treatment.

title: Internal jugular vein cannulation with two XXXX rubber catheters: a new and safe temporary vascular access for hemodialysis. Thirty months' experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3728 :: ('MESH:D004618', 'Disease') :: ['air embolism']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infections']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: The presented case displays a clinical study of a @entity5 phenotype with a poor clinical outcome. Prediction of @entity5 development and effects of treatment at the beginning of the clinical stage is difficult as the knowledge of @entity5 process and all necessary parameters of the host body are limited. @entity5 is mainly studied on the basis of biochemical-genetic processes and their morphological manifestation. However, the malignant process is assumed to be of essential biophysical nature and develops after @entity2383 , which is a direct result of oncogene mutation. @entity5 based on the normal and the reverse Warburg effect should be distinguished. The @entity5 with the reverse Warburg effect display @entity146 associated with a high rate of recurrence and metastatic implantation. Besides the nature of the two basic types of @entity0 the outcome depends not only on their type, size, and site but also on reactions and interaction with the surrounding tissue and the body aptitude for metastatic activity connected with individual blood or lymphatic vessels for metastatic transport. It is necessary to assess all favourable and adverse factors for @entity5 development. General reliable method of their specification for all @entity5 is not available. Nevertheless, the main factor seems to be @entity146 of @entity5 cells as follows from interpretation. To reveal the aggressive reverse @entity5 , metabolic biomarkers of the fibroblast stress should be examined.

title: Is the small size of a XXXX the crucial point for successful medical treatment?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancers', 'cancer tumors', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'Warburg effect tumors']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer tumors']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial dysfunction']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer tumor']


abstract: Sixty-two @entity1 with 67 large or poorly defined @entity1489 predominantly on the head and neck (58 @entity1491 ) were treated by excision of the lesion and allowing the defect created to heal by second intention. Histological control of the adequacy of excision was monitored using routine vertical sections of @entity406 -fixed tissue. Further re-excisions were performed in 17 @entity1 in whom @entity5 extended up to or within 1 high power field (approximately 0.44 mm) of the excision margin. The @entity406 -fixed specimens ranged from 6-60 (mean 21) mm in diameter and 2-12 (mean 5) mm in depth. After one excision the time to complete re-epithelialization was directly proportional to the surface area (r = 0.73) and ranged from 13 to 60 days (mean 33 days). Measurements of the movements of fixed reference points tattooed at the wound edges in six @entity1 showed that movement of surrounding tissue into the defect accounted for 39-62% (mean 45%) of the reduction in surface area of the defect during healing. @entity532 were rare and the cosmetic results were considered good or excellent in 48 @entity1 , fair in nine and poor, i.e. requiring corrective surgery, in three @entity1 . Poor results were due to distortions of free margins, e.g. lower eyelid and nasal margin. The major benefit of this technique is the ease with which further excisions can be performed when histologically indicated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Excision of XXXX without wound closure.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin tumours']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Post-operative complications']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity1489 :: (MESH:D012878,Disease) :: ['skin tumours']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) reduces symptoms of @entity191 ( @entity191 ), but suffers from serious side effects on long-term use. Melatonin (10-30  mg/kg, 6  doses at 10  hr intervals) was investigated to potentiate L-DOPA therapeutic effects in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced @entity304 in @entity19 . Striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity, TH, and phosphorylated ser 40 TH (p-TH) protein levels were assayed on 7th day. Nigral TH-positive neurons stereology was conducted on serial sections 2.8  mm from bregma rostrally to 3.74  mm caudally. MPTP caused 39% and 58% decrease, respectively, in striatal fibers and TH protein levels, but 2.5-fold increase in p-TH levels. About 35% TH neurons were lost between 360 and 600   m from 940   m of the entire nigra analyzed, but no neurons were lost between 250   m rostrally and 220   m caudally. When L-DOPA in small doses (5-8  mg/kg) failed to affect MPTP-induced @entity910 or @entity8364 , co-administration of melatonin with L-DOPA attenuated these behaviors. Melatonin administration significantly attenuated MPTP-induced loss in striatal TH fibers (82%), TH (62%) and p-TH protein (100%) levels, and nigral neurons (87-100%). Melatonin failed to attenuate MPTP-induced striatal dopamine depletion. L-DOPA administration (5  mg/kg, once 40  min prior to sacrifice, p.o.) in MPTP- and melatonin-treated @entity19 caused significant increase in striatal dopamine (31%), as compared to L-DOPA and MPTP-treated @entity19 . This was equivalent to 8  mg/kg L-DOPA administration in @entity191 @entity19 . Therefore, prolonged, effective use of L-DOPA in @entity191 with lesser side effects could be achieved by treating with 60% lower doses of L-DOPA along with melatonin.

title: Melatonin enhances L-DOPA therapeutic effects, helps to reduce its dose, and protects dopaminergic neurons in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced XXXX in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['akinesia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['PD', "Parkinson's disease", 'parkinsonian']

entities_list: @entity8364 :: ('MESH:D002375', 'Disease') :: ['catalepsy']

answer: @entity304 :: (MESH:D010302,Disease) :: ['parkinsonism']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) reduces symptoms of @entity191 ( @entity191 ), but suffers from serious side effects on long-term use. Melatonin (10-30  mg/kg, 6  doses at 10  hr intervals) was investigated to potentiate L-DOPA therapeutic effects in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced @entity304 in @entity19 . Striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity, TH, and phosphorylated ser 40 TH (p-TH) protein levels were assayed on 7th day. Nigral TH-positive neurons stereology was conducted on serial sections 2.8  mm from bregma rostrally to 3.74  mm caudally. MPTP caused 39% and 58% decrease, respectively, in striatal fibers and TH protein levels, but 2.5-fold increase in p-TH levels. About 35% TH neurons were lost between 360 and 600   m from 940   m of the entire nigra analyzed, but no neurons were lost between 250   m rostrally and 220   m caudally. When L-DOPA in small doses (5-8  mg/kg) failed to affect MPTP-induced @entity910 or @entity8364 , co-administration of melatonin with L-DOPA attenuated these behaviors. Melatonin administration significantly attenuated MPTP-induced loss in striatal TH fibers (82%), TH (62%) and p-TH protein (100%) levels, and nigral neurons (87-100%). Melatonin failed to attenuate MPTP-induced striatal dopamine depletion. L-DOPA administration (5  mg/kg, once 40  min prior to sacrifice, p.o.) in MPTP- and melatonin-treated @entity19 caused significant increase in striatal dopamine (31%), as compared to L-DOPA and MPTP-treated @entity19 . This was equivalent to 8  mg/kg L-DOPA administration in @entity191 @entity19 . Therefore, prolonged, effective use of L-DOPA in @entity191 with lesser side effects could be achieved by treating with 60% lower doses of L-DOPA along with melatonin.

title: Melatonin enhances L-DOPA therapeutic effects, helps to reduce its dose, and protects dopaminergic neurons in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced @entity304 in XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Two alternative procedures for the isolation of the @entity71929 from @entity4691 were compared and the properties of a specifically nicked EF-Tu . @entity3006 were examined in detail. Although the native elongation factor possessed similar catalytic activities in all reactions investigated as the protein isolated by Arai et al. [Eur. J. Biochem. 92, 509-519 and 521-531 (1978)] it could not be crystallized. The nicked EF-Tu, consisting of two associated fragments with molecular weights of 41000 and 8000 respectively, was active in binding @entity3006 , @entity3007 and in the formation of @entity815 -tRNAPhe . EF-Tu . @entity3007 ternary complex. However, it did not promote poly(U)-dependent synthesis of @entity37251 on @entity526 ribosomes. The isolated fragment of a molecular weight of about 41000 did not bind @entity3006 . This activity could be reconstituted with the supplement of the small 8000-Mr fragment. It is demonstrated that, in contrast to the native EF-Tu, the nicked EF-Tu forms high-molecular-weight aggregates. Cleavage of the polypeptide chain of EF-Tu from @entity4691 stimulates the crystallization of this protein.

title: Properties of native and nicked XXXX from Thermus thermophilus HB 8.

entities_list: @entity4691 :: ('274', 'Species') :: ['T. thermophilus', 'Thermus thermophilus']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity37251 :: ('MESH:C012001', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenylalanine']

answer: @entity71929 :: (3168327(Tax:300852),Gene) :: ['elongation factor Tu']


abstract: Between 1966 and 1979 60 @entity1 underwent resection of @entity475 at the National Heart Hospital. There was a male:female ratio of 40:20 and an age range of 4 to 56 years (mean 18 years). 22 @entity1 (36.7%) had a single or multiple additional @entity299 including left @entity3585 (12 cases), right @entity3585 (3 cases), @entity1757 (6 cases), @entity2461 (5 cases), @entity1498 (1 case), @entity4794 (1 case) and mitral @entity1146 associated with a single ventricle (1 case). Isolated resection of the organic sub-aortic with myotomy and wedge resection was performed in 47 @entity1 and Cooley technique in 2 @entity1 . Total aortic root replacement with a homograft valve was necessary in 4 @entity1 and the 22 @entity1 additional @entity299 received concomitant surgery. There was one early death (2.6%) amongst the 38 @entity1 with isolated organic sub-aortic @entity850 and no late deaths. There were 3 early deaths (13.7%) amongst the 22 @entity1 with additional @entity299 and one late @entity944 after 14 months. There were 7 non-fatal complications: a @entity583 , @entity713 and pacemaker insertion; three mild @entity337 ; one mild @entity339 ; an @entity943 due to @entity3153 ; and an aortic and mitral valve replacement after 9 years. 43 other @entity1 have been followed for 1 to 14 years and are symptom free. @entity714 is present in two of them. Resection of organic sub-aortic @entity850 with myotomy and wedge resection is a safe technique and offers an excellent prognosis for this group of congenitally compromised @entity1 .

title: [Organic subaortic XXXX . Surgical indications, surgical technic, late results].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity3585 :: ('MESH:D014694', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular outflow tract obstruction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['Left bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity3153 :: ('MESH:D014927', 'Disease') :: ['Wolf Parkinson White syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2461 :: ('MESH:D004374', 'Disease') :: ['patent ductus arteriosus']

entities_list: @entity475 :: ('MESH:C564793', 'Disease') :: ['organic subaortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['aortic coarctation']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic regurgitations']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['congenital mitral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['stenosis']


abstract: A surface-active material with a chemical composition consistent with lung surfactant and with the ability to lower surface tension on a Wilhelmy balance to about 6 mN/m, has been isolated from @entity95 pulmonary lavage. The thermotropic properties have been characterized with the techniques of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). FT-IR melting curves were constructed from the temperature-dependence of the lipid @entity845 symmetric stretching vibrational frequencies near 2850 cm-1. A broad gel-liquid crystal phase transition with an onset temperature of about 22 degrees C, and a completion temperature of about 38 degrees C was observed, with slight sample-to-sample variations in temperatures. A similar completion temperature was noted in DSC endotherms. @entity141 (5-10 mM) increased the onset temperature of the lipid-melting event, and induced an ordering of surfactant and of its lipid extract at all temperatures studied. The effect on the lipids was suggestive of a @entity141 -induced phase separation caused by ion binding to @entity3634 and other acidic components. Evidence for a direct interaction between @entity141 and the @entity1391 groups was suggested through small @entity141 -induced shifts in the 1090 cm-1 symmetric @entity4095 stretching frequency. Removal of most of the protein component from a 10:1 (lipid/protein, w/w) sample caused an ordering of the resultant lipid fractions. In contrast, removal of most of the protein component from a 20:1 sample resulted in no change in lipid order or thermotropic behavior. These observations are discussed in light of the roles played both by @entity141 and protein in the spreading of surfactant. The power of FT-IR to acquire useful structural information from complex biological tissues is demonstrated.

title: Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetric studies of a surface-active material from XXXX lung.

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity3634 :: ('MESH:D010715', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylglycerol']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background The West African outbreak of @entity2598 that peaked in 2014 has caused more than 11,000 @entity204 . The development of an effective Ebola vaccine is a priority for control of a future outbreak. Methods In this phase 1 study, we administered a single dose of the @entity831 adenovirus 3 (ChAd3) vaccine encoding the surface glycoprotein of @entity39996 ( @entity39996 ) to 60 healthy adult volunteers in Oxford, United Kingdom. The vaccine was administered in three dose levels - 1*10(10) viral particles, 2.5*10(10) viral particles, and 5*10(10) viral particles - with 20 @entity1 in each group. We then assessed the effect of adding a booster dose of a modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) strain, encoding the same Ebola virus glycoprotein, in 30 of the 60 @entity1 and evaluated a reduced prime-boost interval in another 16 @entity1 . We also compared antibody responses to inactivated whole Ebola virus virions and neutralizing antibody activity with those observed in phase 1 studies of a recombinant @entity8310 virus-based vaccine expressing a @entity39996 glycoprotein (rVSV- @entity39996 ) to determine relative potency and assess durability. Results No safety concerns were identified at any of the dose levels studied. Four weeks after immunization with the ChAd3 vaccine, ZEBOV-specific antibody responses were similar to those induced by rVSV- @entity39996 vaccination, with a geometric mean titer of 752 and 921, respectively. @entity39996 neutralization activity was also similar with the two vaccines (geometric mean titer, 14.9 and 22.2, respectively). Boosting with the MVA vector increased virus-specific antibodies by a factor of 12 (geometric mean titer, 9007) and increased glycoprotein-specific CD8+ T cells by a factor of 5. Significant increases in neutralizing antibodies were seen after boosting in all 30 @entity1 (geometric mean titer, 139; P<0.001). Virus-specific antibody responses in @entity1 primed with ChAd3 remained positive 6 months after vaccination (geometric mean titer, 758) but were significantly higher in those who had received the MVA booster (geometric mean titer, 1750; P<0.001). Conclusions The ChAd3 vaccine boosted with MVA elicited B-cell and T-cell immune responses to @entity39996 that were superior to those induced by the ChAd3 vaccine alone. (Funded by the Wellcome Trust and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02240875 .).

title: A Monovalent XXXX Adenovirus Ebola Vaccine Boosted with MVA.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity2598 :: ('MESH:D019142', 'Disease') :: ['Ebola virus disease']

entities_list: @entity8310 :: ('MESH:D054243', 'Disease') :: ['vesicular stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity831 :: ('9598', 'Species') :: ['chimpanzee']

entities_list: @entity39996 :: ('186538', 'Species') :: ['ZEBOV', 'Zaire ebolavirus']

answer: @entity831 :: (9598,Species) :: ['Chimpanzee']


abstract: A clinicopathologic analysis of 35 cases of @entity978 ( @entity978 ) was performed, and the relationship between various histologic features and stage at presentation was examined. The series comprised 31 male and 4 female @entity1 with a median age of 32 years. Twenty @entity1 had Ann Arbor Stage I disease; 5, Stage II; 8, Stage III; and 2, Stage IV. Eight cases showed a multifocal epithelioid histiocytic reaction; six of these had @entity5 (P = 0.003). Five cases contained relatively frequent atypical mononuclear cells; four of these were Stage III or IV (P = 0.017). A purely diffuse growth pattern was also associated with high stage (P = 0.031). Presence of nodularity correlated with low stage (P = 0.031). During follow-up (median, 4 years; range, 2.5 months-18 years) there was a high incidence of second @entity5 (2 large cell lymphomas, 3 non-hematologic @entity5 ). @entity978 manifests greater diversity of stage at presentation than originally thought. A high content of epithelioid histiocytes, relatively frequent atypical mononuclear cells, and diffuse histology appear to define subsets associated with @entity5 . The correlation of nodular growth pattern with low-stage disease is consistent with the distinctive behavior and derivation of nodular @entity978 .

title: Lymphocyte predominance XXXX . A clinicopathologic reassessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['LPHD', "lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['advanced-stage (III or IV) disease', 'neoplasms', 'malignancies', 'advanced-stage disease']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is growing evidence about differences in metastatic spread among @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity10204 ( @entity10204 ). Aim of this study was to analyze the pattern of metastasization according to @entity10204 and to explore the corresponding prognosis. A series of 544 consecutive patients receiving anticancer therapy for metastatic @entity0 from 2004 to 2013, was analyzed. @entity10204 were defined by immunohistochemistry according to St Gallen 2013 criteria. Association between @entity10204 and the different distant localizations was analyzed. Prognosis was described in terms of overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). Results were reported taking luminal A @entity0 as reference. Triple negative @entity0 showed a higher tropism for lung (OR 4.30 95  % CI 1.41-13.1), while non luminal @entity1722 subtype was associated with a higher rate of liver metastases (OR 3.61 95  % CI 1.36-9.58). All subtypes were associated with a lower risk of bone-only localization. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement was more common in @entity1722 positive @entity0 (OR 6.3, 95  % CI 1.08-36.66). Liver, lung and CNS involvement influenced negatively OS (HR 1.64, 95  % CI 1.29-2.07; HR 1.49, 95  % CI 1.18-1.90; HR 2.891, 95  % CI 1.85-4.51, respectively) and PFS (HR 1.39, 95  % CI 1.13-1.71; HR 1.26, 95  % CI 1.02-1.55; HR 1.75, 95  % CI 1.12-2.71, respectively). Multivariate analysis confirmed liver involvement as independent predictor of worse OS (HR 1.64, 95  % CI 1.15-2.34). Stratification by metastatic pattern showed significant differences in terms of @entity1349 but not in terms of PFS. The study suggests that @entity10204 may be characterized by typical patterns of metastatic spread and have different impact on clinical outcome.

title: Pattern of metastasis and outcome in patients with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['post progression survival', 'PPS']

entities_list: @entity10204 :: ('MESH:D021081', 'Disease') :: ['BS', 'biologic subtypes']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study evaluated 2  years of follow-up of the Ovation Abdominal Stent Graft System (TriVascular Inc., Santa Rosa, CA, USA) for endovascular repair (EVAR) of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective multicentre study included 36 @entity1 (median age, 73.6  year) with @entity1028 (mean diameter, 5.65  cm) treated with the Ovation stent graft and followed up for at least 2  years. Safety and effectiveness of the Ovation stent graft were evaluated. Indications for EVAR were the following: AAA >= 5  cm, neck length >= 7  mm, angulation  <=60   and diameter <30  mm; the presence of neck calcification and @entity715 was not considered a contraindication; distal iliac landing zone length of 10  mm, and diameter between 5 and 20  mm. @entity1 were treated under a common protocol, including clinical and imaging follow-up at discharge, 30  days, 6  months, and annually for 5  years. Adverse events, clinical and imaging data and possible re-intervention were recorded. RESULTS: The Ovation stent graft was implanted successfully in 36 @entity1 (100  %). None of the @entity1 required conversion to open surgery, and none presented with an @entity1756 . Endograft stent @entity174 or migration was not observed in any case. No type I, III or IV @entity1070 were observed; in 12 @entity1 (33.3  %), a @entity1070 was noted, in one case with sac enlargement but not treated due to concomitant comorbidities and the @entity1 's decision. CONCLUSIONS: The 2-year results of the Ovation Abdominal Stent Graft System demonstrate excellent safety and effectiveness in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity1028 , particularly in those with challenging anatomical characteristics.

title: Ultra-low profile polymer-filled stent graft for XXXX treatment: a two-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['endoleaks', 'type II endoleak']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'AAAs']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our goal is to investigate the distribution of @entity16498 mutations in @entity1 with @entity12042 who are in renal transplant waiting list which is prepared for transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity827 was diagnosed in 25 of the 297 @entity1 between the years 2004 and 2008, who were involved in the study (15 male, 10 female; age 34  7.8). 5 out of 25 @entity1 were transplanted, remaining were waiting for Tx. Biopsy results were @entity2783 and taken from renal (n:16), rectal (n:8) and duodenal (1).All of them were carrier of mutations in both pyrin alleles.The primer cause of @entity177 in our group was @entity2783 . DNA was isolated from 25 whole blood samples. The NanoChip Molecular Biology Workstation (Nanogen) uses electronic microarrays for mutation detection. Exon 2,3,5 and 10 of pyrin gene genotypes were identified in the NanoChip. RESULTS: Genetic analysis of the @entity1 demonstrated that each subject carries either homozygote or compound heterozygote mutations of the gene. The most common mutations were @entity16502 , @entity51049 , @entity16499 and @entity52014 . CONCLUSIONS: The clinic manifestation and complain of our @entity1 were febrile and @entity158 attacks such as in the abdomen, @entity764 due to @entity32 of the peritoneum, pleura and synovial membrane. The major problem in @entity827 is the occurrence of @entity2783 that primarily affects the kidneys causing @entity644 and @entity177 . Dialysis and renal transplantation can be treatment, but it is important to diagnose @entity827 at earliest stages. The percentage of @entity827 @entity1 in our waiting list was 8.4%. Moreover, in our region @entity827 incidence is highly frequent, so @entity827 should be chased by genetically so as to prevent @entity177 due to @entity2783 .

title: The frequency of XXXX related @entity2783 in renal waiting list for transplantation.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity12042 :: ('MESH:C538249', 'Disease') :: ['renal amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis', 'secondary AA amyloidosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest and joints']

answer: @entity827 :: (MESH:D010505,Disease) :: ['familial mediterranean Fever']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our goal is to investigate the distribution of @entity16498 mutations in @entity1 with @entity12042 who are in renal transplant waiting list which is prepared for transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity827 was diagnosed in 25 of the 297 @entity1 between the years 2004 and 2008, who were involved in the study (15 male, 10 female; age 34  7.8). 5 out of 25 @entity1 were transplanted, remaining were waiting for Tx. Biopsy results were @entity2783 and taken from renal (n:16), rectal (n:8) and duodenal (1).All of them were carrier of mutations in both pyrin alleles.The primer cause of @entity177 in our group was @entity2783 . DNA was isolated from 25 whole blood samples. The NanoChip Molecular Biology Workstation (Nanogen) uses electronic microarrays for mutation detection. Exon 2,3,5 and 10 of pyrin gene genotypes were identified in the NanoChip. RESULTS: Genetic analysis of the @entity1 demonstrated that each subject carries either homozygote or compound heterozygote mutations of the gene. The most common mutations were @entity16502 , @entity51049 , @entity16499 and @entity52014 . CONCLUSIONS: The clinic manifestation and complain of our @entity1 were febrile and @entity158 attacks such as in the abdomen, @entity764 due to @entity32 of the peritoneum, pleura and synovial membrane. The major problem in @entity827 is the occurrence of @entity2783 that primarily affects the kidneys causing @entity644 and @entity177 . Dialysis and renal transplantation can be treatment, but it is important to diagnose @entity827 at earliest stages. The percentage of @entity827 @entity1 in our waiting list was 8.4%. Moreover, in our region @entity827 incidence is highly frequent, so @entity827 should be chased by genetically so as to prevent @entity177 due to @entity2783 .

title: The frequency of @entity827 related XXXX in renal waiting list for transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity2783 :: (MESH:D000686,Disease) :: ['amyloidosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity63 and @entity5721 due to tourniquet application during arthroscopy is a well known problem. This study aimed to compare the effects of @entity6948 and @entity3652 on hemodynamic and respiratory variables and on @entity66 ( @entity66 ), @entity66 ( @entity66 ) and @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) as markers of @entity63 - @entity5721 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by a local ethics committee. The study was performed on @entity1 undergoing arthroscopic operation under spinal anesthesia. Thirty @entity1 were randomized into two groups: Group D ( @entity6948 ; n=15) and Group K ( @entity3652 ; n=15). Spinal anesthesia at the @entity2586 level was achieved using a 25G spinal needle with hyperbaric @entity1341 at a dose of 12-15 mg in all @entity1 . In Group D, @entity1 were sedated with @entity6948 at a dose of 0.3-0.5  g/kg/h, while Group K received @entity3652 at a dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg/h. Hemodynamic parameters, @entity26 saturation, Ramsey sedation scale (RSS), and @entity66 , @entity66 , and @entity1865 levels were recorded. RESULTS: Demographic parameters, @entity66 , @entity66 and @entity1865 levels were similar between groups. In Group K, the @entity66 levels after tourniquet removal were significantly lower than at baseline and during the use of the tourniquet. Preoperative hemodynamic and respiratory variables were similar in both groups. Blood pressure values were decreased compared to baseline but these decreases were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia, @entity6948 had effects similar to @entity3652 , led to insignificant alterations in hemodynamic and respiratory variables during surgery and had comparable effects on @entity63 - @entity5721 . Thus, we think that @entity6948 can be a safe alternative to @entity3652 as an intraoperative sedative.

title: The effects of XXXX on @entity63 @entity5721 in @entity1 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['total oxidant status', 'TAS', 'total anti-oxidant status', 'TOS']

entities_list: @entity5721 :: ('MESH:D015427', 'Disease') :: ['reperfusion injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine', 'Ketamine']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine']

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity63 and @entity5721 due to tourniquet application during arthroscopy is a well known problem. This study aimed to compare the effects of @entity6948 and @entity3652 on hemodynamic and respiratory variables and on @entity66 ( @entity66 ), @entity66 ( @entity66 ) and @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) as markers of @entity63 - @entity5721 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by a local ethics committee. The study was performed on @entity1 undergoing arthroscopic operation under spinal anesthesia. Thirty @entity1 were randomized into two groups: Group D ( @entity6948 ; n=15) and Group K ( @entity3652 ; n=15). Spinal anesthesia at the @entity2586 level was achieved using a 25G spinal needle with hyperbaric @entity1341 at a dose of 12-15 mg in all @entity1 . In Group D, @entity1 were sedated with @entity6948 at a dose of 0.3-0.5  g/kg/h, while Group K received @entity3652 at a dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg/h. Hemodynamic parameters, @entity26 saturation, Ramsey sedation scale (RSS), and @entity66 , @entity66 , and @entity1865 levels were recorded. RESULTS: Demographic parameters, @entity66 , @entity66 and @entity1865 levels were similar between groups. In Group K, the @entity66 levels after tourniquet removal were significantly lower than at baseline and during the use of the tourniquet. Preoperative hemodynamic and respiratory variables were similar in both groups. Blood pressure values were decreased compared to baseline but these decreases were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia, @entity6948 had effects similar to @entity3652 , led to insignificant alterations in hemodynamic and respiratory variables during surgery and had comparable effects on @entity63 - @entity5721 . Thus, we think that @entity6948 can be a safe alternative to @entity3652 as an intraoperative sedative.

title: The effects of @entity6948 on @entity63 XXXX in @entity1 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia.

answer: @entity5721 :: (MESH:D015427,Disease) :: ['reperfusion injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity63 and @entity5721 due to tourniquet application during arthroscopy is a well known problem. This study aimed to compare the effects of @entity6948 and @entity3652 on hemodynamic and respiratory variables and on @entity66 ( @entity66 ), @entity66 ( @entity66 ) and @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) as markers of @entity63 - @entity5721 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by a local ethics committee. The study was performed on @entity1 undergoing arthroscopic operation under spinal anesthesia. Thirty @entity1 were randomized into two groups: Group D ( @entity6948 ; n=15) and Group K ( @entity3652 ; n=15). Spinal anesthesia at the @entity2586 level was achieved using a 25G spinal needle with hyperbaric @entity1341 at a dose of 12-15 mg in all @entity1 . In Group D, @entity1 were sedated with @entity6948 at a dose of 0.3-0.5  g/kg/h, while Group K received @entity3652 at a dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg/h. Hemodynamic parameters, @entity26 saturation, Ramsey sedation scale (RSS), and @entity66 , @entity66 , and @entity1865 levels were recorded. RESULTS: Demographic parameters, @entity66 , @entity66 and @entity1865 levels were similar between groups. In Group K, the @entity66 levels after tourniquet removal were significantly lower than at baseline and during the use of the tourniquet. Preoperative hemodynamic and respiratory variables were similar in both groups. Blood pressure values were decreased compared to baseline but these decreases were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia, @entity6948 had effects similar to @entity3652 , led to insignificant alterations in hemodynamic and respiratory variables during surgery and had comparable effects on @entity63 - @entity5721 . Thus, we think that @entity6948 can be a safe alternative to @entity3652 as an intraoperative sedative.

title: The effects of @entity6948 on XXXX @entity5721 in @entity1 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia.

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity63 and @entity5721 due to tourniquet application during arthroscopy is a well known problem. This study aimed to compare the effects of @entity6948 and @entity3652 on hemodynamic and respiratory variables and on @entity66 ( @entity66 ), @entity66 ( @entity66 ) and @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) as markers of @entity63 - @entity5721 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by a local ethics committee. The study was performed on @entity1 undergoing arthroscopic operation under spinal anesthesia. Thirty @entity1 were randomized into two groups: Group D ( @entity6948 ; n=15) and Group K ( @entity3652 ; n=15). Spinal anesthesia at the @entity2586 level was achieved using a 25G spinal needle with hyperbaric @entity1341 at a dose of 12-15 mg in all @entity1 . In Group D, @entity1 were sedated with @entity6948 at a dose of 0.3-0.5  g/kg/h, while Group K received @entity3652 at a dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg/h. Hemodynamic parameters, @entity26 saturation, Ramsey sedation scale (RSS), and @entity66 , @entity66 , and @entity1865 levels were recorded. RESULTS: Demographic parameters, @entity66 , @entity66 and @entity1865 levels were similar between groups. In Group K, the @entity66 levels after tourniquet removal were significantly lower than at baseline and during the use of the tourniquet. Preoperative hemodynamic and respiratory variables were similar in both groups. Blood pressure values were decreased compared to baseline but these decreases were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia, @entity6948 had effects similar to @entity3652 , led to insignificant alterations in hemodynamic and respiratory variables during surgery and had comparable effects on @entity63 - @entity5721 . Thus, we think that @entity6948 can be a safe alternative to @entity3652 as an intraoperative sedative.

title: The effects of @entity6948 on @entity63 @entity5721 in XXXX undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity2298 is a well established cause of @entity656 ( @entity656 ). Multiple mechanism are proposed to explain this phenomenon, but the exact mechanism is unknown. Clinical manifestations are similar to other forms of @entity656 . Although amylase and lipase levels exclude the diagnosis of @entity656 in normolipidemic @entity1 , they may be normal in @entity2298 -induced @entity656 . Further evaluation with imaging studies are needed for diagnosis. A less known entity " @entity1661 " is a prior clinical state before development to @entity656 . We describe a young male @entity1 without any previously diagnosed @entity209 presenting to emergency department with @entity490 where normal amylase in lactescent serum was detected. His abdomen computed tomography (CT) was reported as normal. His symptoms were relieved with antiemetic and @entity112 -2 blocker and he was diagnosed with @entity2298 and @entity2210 . Readmission with recurrence of symptoms after 3 hours resulted in hospitalization where the second CT showed @entity656 .

title: Hypertrygliceridemia-induced Acute Pancreatitis Following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2298 :: ('MESH:D015228', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertriglyceridemia', 'hypertriglyceridemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['edematous AP', 'AP', 'acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemic abdominal crisis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain and vomiting']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorder']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['dyspepsia']

answer: @entity1661 :: (MESH:D000008,Disease) :: ['Hyperlipidemic Abdominal Crisis']