abstract: Antiprogestins have been largely utilized in reproductive medicine, yet their repositioning for oncologic use is rapidly emerging. In this study we investigated the molecular mediators of the @entity43 activity of the structurally related antiprogestins @entity3927 , @entity54272 and @entity52392 . We studied the responses of wt @entity876 OV2008 and @entity876 null SK-OV-3 cells to varying doses of @entity3927 , @entity54272 and @entity52392 . The @entity230 inhibited the growth of both cell lines with a potency of @entity3927 > @entity54272 > @entity52392 , and were cytostatic at lower doses but lethal at higher concentrations. Antiprogestin-induced lethality associated with morphological features of apoptosis, hypodiploid DNA content, DNA fragmentation, and cleavage of executer caspase substrate @entity9190 . Cell death ensued despite @entity3927 caused transient up-regulation of anti-apoptotic @entity588 , @entity54272 induced transient up-regulation of inhibitor of apoptosis @entity9846 , and @entity52392 up-regulated both @entity9846 and @entity588 . The antiprogestins induced accumulation of Cdk inhibitors @entity994 ( @entity994 ) and @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) and increased association of @entity994 ( @entity994 ) and @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) with @entity15308 . They also promoted nuclear localization of @entity994 ( @entity994 ) and @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ), reduced the nuclear abundances of @entity15308 and cyclin E, and blocked the activity of @entity15308 in both nucleus and cytoplasm. The cytotoxic potency of the antiprogestins correlated with the magnitude of the inhibition of @entity15308 activity, ranging from G1 cell cycle arrest towards cell death. Our results suggest that, as a consequence of their cytostatic and lethal effects, antiprogestin steroids of well-known contraceptive properties emerge as attractive new agents to be repositioned for @entity43 therapeutics.

title: Growth inhibition induced by antiprogestins @entity3927 , @entity54272 , and XXXX in @entity43 cells involves inhibition of @entity15308 .

answer: @entity52392 :: (MESH:C094854,Chemical) :: ['CDB-2914']


abstract: Antiprogestins have been largely utilized in reproductive medicine, yet their repositioning for oncologic use is rapidly emerging. In this study we investigated the molecular mediators of the @entity43 activity of the structurally related antiprogestins @entity3927 , @entity54272 and @entity52392 . We studied the responses of wt @entity876 OV2008 and @entity876 null SK-OV-3 cells to varying doses of @entity3927 , @entity54272 and @entity52392 . The @entity230 inhibited the growth of both cell lines with a potency of @entity3927 > @entity54272 > @entity52392 , and were cytostatic at lower doses but lethal at higher concentrations. Antiprogestin-induced lethality associated with morphological features of apoptosis, hypodiploid DNA content, DNA fragmentation, and cleavage of executer caspase substrate @entity9190 . Cell death ensued despite @entity3927 caused transient up-regulation of anti-apoptotic @entity588 , @entity54272 induced transient up-regulation of inhibitor of apoptosis @entity9846 , and @entity52392 up-regulated both @entity9846 and @entity588 . The antiprogestins induced accumulation of Cdk inhibitors @entity994 ( @entity994 ) and @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) and increased association of @entity994 ( @entity994 ) and @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ) with @entity15308 . They also promoted nuclear localization of @entity994 ( @entity994 ) and @entity5438 ( @entity13525 ), reduced the nuclear abundances of @entity15308 and cyclin E, and blocked the activity of @entity15308 in both nucleus and cytoplasm. The cytotoxic potency of the antiprogestins correlated with the magnitude of the inhibition of @entity15308 activity, ranging from G1 cell cycle arrest towards cell death. Our results suggest that, as a consequence of their cytostatic and lethal effects, antiprogestin steroids of well-known contraceptive properties emerge as attractive new agents to be repositioned for @entity43 therapeutics.

title: Growth inhibition induced by antiprogestins @entity3927 , @entity54272 , and @entity52392 in XXXX cells involves inhibition of @entity15308 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['anti-ovarian cancer', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical importance of the morphology of @entity5 invasion and its volume in early @entity356 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects were 92 @entity1 with a single lesion of early @entity356 , who underwent gastrectomy with dissection of lymph nodes, and in whom the lesion was histologically-diagnosed as early @entity356 with @entity3 . The volume of lesions (Vsm, S: < 50 mm3, L: > = 50 mm3) was determined by reconstructing @entity75 by the surface rendering method using pathological tissue sections (mean, 3.6 sections/lesion). The relationships between the volume of lesions and lymph node @entity3 and between conventional clinicopathological parameters and lymph node @entity3 were evaluated. RESULTS: Lymph node @entity3 was observed in 18 @entity1 (20%). The depth of @entity3 was 1.7 +/- 1.4 mm (mean +/- S.D.; range, 0.2-7.5 mm). @entity895 (depth of @entity5 invasion < 0.5 mm) was observed in 11 @entity1 (12%), and @entity3578 (depth of @entity5 invasion > = 0.5 mm) in 81 @entity1 (88%). The mean Vsm was 104.1 +/- 215.4 mm3 (0.4-1,730.5 mm3). Fifty-seven @entity1 (62.0%) were in group S, and 35 @entity1 (38.0%) in group L. There was a significant difference between lymph node @entity3 and Vsm (S vs. L) alone (p = 0.006). Logistic regression analysis also demonstrated that Vsm alone was correlated with lymph node @entity3 (p = 0.005; odds ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.074-0.401). CONCLUSION: The volume of @entity75 in early @entity356 is important for evaluating lymph node @entity3 .

title: Evaluation of the morphology of @entity5 invasion and its volume in early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal lesions']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'submucosal invasion']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical importance of the morphology of @entity5 invasion and its volume in early @entity356 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects were 92 @entity1 with a single lesion of early @entity356 , who underwent gastrectomy with dissection of lymph nodes, and in whom the lesion was histologically-diagnosed as early @entity356 with @entity3 . The volume of lesions (Vsm, S: < 50 mm3, L: > = 50 mm3) was determined by reconstructing @entity75 by the surface rendering method using pathological tissue sections (mean, 3.6 sections/lesion). The relationships between the volume of lesions and lymph node @entity3 and between conventional clinicopathological parameters and lymph node @entity3 were evaluated. RESULTS: Lymph node @entity3 was observed in 18 @entity1 (20%). The depth of @entity3 was 1.7 +/- 1.4 mm (mean +/- S.D.; range, 0.2-7.5 mm). @entity895 (depth of @entity5 invasion < 0.5 mm) was observed in 11 @entity1 (12%), and @entity3578 (depth of @entity5 invasion > = 0.5 mm) in 81 @entity1 (88%). The mean Vsm was 104.1 +/- 215.4 mm3 (0.4-1,730.5 mm3). Fifty-seven @entity1 (62.0%) were in group S, and 35 @entity1 (38.0%) in group L. There was a significant difference between lymph node @entity3 and Vsm (S vs. L) alone (p = 0.006). Logistic regression analysis also demonstrated that Vsm alone was correlated with lymph node @entity3 (p = 0.005; odds ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.074-0.401). CONCLUSION: The volume of @entity75 in early @entity356 is important for evaluating lymph node @entity3 .

title: Evaluation of the morphology of XXXX invasion and its volume in early @entity356 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['submucosal tumor']


abstract: To determine if electrocardiographic findings characterize tricyclic antidepressant ( @entity2974 ) @entity1445 and @entity1370 , 25 @entity1 suspected of taking an @entity1445 of @entity2974 were studied. Toxicologic assays for a @entity2974 were positive in 11 @entity1 (+ @entity2974 , n = 11). Toxicologic study results for a @entity2974 were negative in 14 @entity1 (- @entity2974 , control subjects). @entity1 with positive @entity2974 results (+ @entity2974 ) had a significantly greater heart rate (117 +/- 23 vs 100 +/- 22 beats/min, p less than 0.05), QRS duration (103 +/- 15 vs 87 +/- 10 ms, p less than 0.005) and corrected QT interval (449 +/- 38 vs 418 +/- 36 ms, p less than 0.05) than control @entity1 (- @entity2974 ) on admission. @entity1 with positive @entity2974 results also had a more rightward terminal 40-ms frontal plane QRS vector (195 +/- 51 degrees vs 54 +/- 64 degrees, p less than 0.001) than control @entity1 . This observation has not been previously reported. A terminal QRS vector of 130 degrees to 270 degrees accurately discriminated between - @entity2974 and + @entity2974 @entity1 (positive and negative predictive value = 1.00). Counterclockwise rotation (normalization) of the terminal frontal plane QRS vector was noted in + @entity2974 @entity1 during hospitalization. All + @entity2974 @entity1 had a @entity7129 , a corrected QT interval 418 ms or longer, and a terminal QRS vector between 130 degrees and 270 degrees. Using these values as selection criteria, a computer-aided search of 15,064 electrocardiograms (ECGs) recorded in our emergency department was performed. The likelihood of encountering such an electrocardiographic pattern in this population was 1.0%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Electrocardiographic criteria for tricyclic antidepressant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity1370 :: (MESH:D066126,Disease) :: ['cardiotoxicity']


abstract: Data from a case-control study of miscarriages ( @entity2208 ) were used to test whether single and multiple induced @entity5852 are associated with @entity2208 in subsequent euploid (chromosomally normal) pregnancies. Cases and controls were identified in three New York City hospitals between April 1974 and November 1982. It was hypothesized that, if induced abortion increased the risk of subsequent @entity2208 , an association would be observed with euploid but not @entity2007 (chromosomally abnormal) @entity2208 . The frequencies of single and multiple induced @entity5852 among euploid cases and @entity2007 cases were compared with those among controls. Among both private and public @entity1 , the proportion of @entity1 reporting a single induced abortion was similar in euploid cases and in @entity2007 cases compared to controls. Among public @entity1 only, the proportions reporting multiple induced @entity5852 were also similar in euploid cases and in @entity2007 cases compared to controls (odds ratios = 0.9 and 1.0, respectively). In contrast, among private @entity1 , the proportion reporting multiple induced @entity5852 was raised among euploid cases (odds ratio = 2.2, 95% confidence interval = 1.3-3.7), although not among @entity2007 cases. This association was strongest when the first induced abortion was carried out before 1973, at a young age, or with a procedure other than suction curettage. In public @entity1 , the associations with @entity2208 did not vary with characteristics of the first induced abortion, but multiple induced abortion histories when the first two induced @entity5852 occurred before 1973 were in excess among euploid cases compared to controls. These results suggest that, for both private and public @entity1 , neither single nor multiple induced @entity5852 as now performed are likely to increase the risk of @entity2208 in subsequent pregnancies. They also suggest a mechanical origin for some miscarriages.

title: Induced abortion and the chromosomal characteristics of subsequent miscarriages ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['miscarriage', 'spontaneous abortions']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploid']

entities_list: @entity5852 :: ('MESH:D000031', 'Disease') :: ['abortions']

answer: @entity2208 :: (MESH:D000022,Disease) :: ['spontaneous abortions']


abstract: We previously reported the finding of @entity25589 , @entity4741 , and hyperapobetalipoproteinemia (hyperapoB) in five siblings in a large Amish pedigree ascertained through a 13-year-old @entity1 who died suddenly from advanced @entity453 . Here, we present further analyses of the plasma levels of the plant @entity5068 , @entity9542 , of low density (beta) lipoprotein (LDL) @entity5068 , and of @entity34893 protein. Of 254 relatives and spouses of the proband, 90.5% were examined. A series of genetic models were explored using a pedigree analysis where parameters reflecting frequency, transmission, and penetrance of putative genotypes were examined simultaneously using a maximum likelihood approach. Segregation analysis of the @entity9542 levels showed that the phenotype of @entity25589 was controlled by a rare autosomal recessive gene. There was also significant familial correlation in plasma @entity9542 levels that was attributed to a polygenic component under a mixed model but could also be due to shared environments such as diets. The recessive model was supported by our finding that the plasma @entity9542 levels in the parents and in six @entity1 born to three of the five sitosterolemics were less than 1 mg/dl, well within the normal range. The phenotype of hyperapoB is based on an elevated level of @entity34893 protein in the presence of a normal LDL @entity165 level (low LDL @entity5068 to @entity34893 ratio). For both LDL @entity5068 and @entity34893 , a polygenic model showed a slightly greater improvement in ln likelihood than did the Mendelian single locus model when both were compared to a sporadic model. Similar results were obtained for @entity5068 levels of high density (alpha) lipoprotein (HDL) @entity5068 . When segregation analysis was performed using the ratio of LDL @entity5068 to @entity34893 , the Mendelian single locus model gave a slightly better fit to the data than did the polygenic model. While the analyses presented here provided unequivocal evidence for the recessive phenotype of @entity25589 , we also identified a possible single gene factor that could account for the major portion of the strong @entity1423 in the ratio of LDL @entity5068 to @entity34893 , and to a lesser extent @entity34893 . However, there is clear evidence of @entity1423 for these traits in this pedigree beyond that due to Mendelian components.

title: Genetic analysis of plasma XXXX , apoprotein B, and lipoproteins in a large Amish pedigree with @entity25589 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity9542 :: ('MESH:C025473', 'Chemical') :: ['sitosterol']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['familial aggregation']

entities_list: @entity25589 :: ('MESH:C537345', 'Disease') :: ['phytosterolemia', 'sitosterolemia']

entities_list: @entity4741 :: ('MESH:D014973', 'Disease') :: ['xanthomatosis']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity9542 :: (MESH:C025473,Chemical) :: ['sitosterol']


abstract: We previously reported the finding of @entity25589 , @entity4741 , and hyperapobetalipoproteinemia (hyperapoB) in five siblings in a large Amish pedigree ascertained through a 13-year-old @entity1 who died suddenly from advanced @entity453 . Here, we present further analyses of the plasma levels of the plant @entity5068 , @entity9542 , of low density (beta) lipoprotein (LDL) @entity5068 , and of @entity34893 protein. Of 254 relatives and spouses of the proband, 90.5% were examined. A series of genetic models were explored using a pedigree analysis where parameters reflecting frequency, transmission, and penetrance of putative genotypes were examined simultaneously using a maximum likelihood approach. Segregation analysis of the @entity9542 levels showed that the phenotype of @entity25589 was controlled by a rare autosomal recessive gene. There was also significant familial correlation in plasma @entity9542 levels that was attributed to a polygenic component under a mixed model but could also be due to shared environments such as diets. The recessive model was supported by our finding that the plasma @entity9542 levels in the parents and in six @entity1 born to three of the five sitosterolemics were less than 1 mg/dl, well within the normal range. The phenotype of hyperapoB is based on an elevated level of @entity34893 protein in the presence of a normal LDL @entity165 level (low LDL @entity5068 to @entity34893 ratio). For both LDL @entity5068 and @entity34893 , a polygenic model showed a slightly greater improvement in ln likelihood than did the Mendelian single locus model when both were compared to a sporadic model. Similar results were obtained for @entity5068 levels of high density (alpha) lipoprotein (HDL) @entity5068 . When segregation analysis was performed using the ratio of LDL @entity5068 to @entity34893 , the Mendelian single locus model gave a slightly better fit to the data than did the polygenic model. While the analyses presented here provided unequivocal evidence for the recessive phenotype of @entity25589 , we also identified a possible single gene factor that could account for the major portion of the strong @entity1423 in the ratio of LDL @entity5068 to @entity34893 , and to a lesser extent @entity34893 . However, there is clear evidence of @entity1423 for these traits in this pedigree beyond that due to Mendelian components.

title: Genetic analysis of plasma @entity9542 , apoprotein B, and lipoproteins in a large Amish pedigree with XXXX .

answer: @entity25589 :: (MESH:C537345,Disease) :: ['sitosterolemia']


abstract: @entity1165 are the leading cause of @entity1164 . Determination of the substrates conducive to the initiation of @entity1165 remains an important clinical goal. The purpose of this study was to correlate electrophysiologic and histopathologic parameters conducive to the initiation of sustained @entity1165 using programmed electrical stimulation in two @entity235 models of @entity583 . Histopathologic correlates included: @entity1188 pattern (heterogeneous vs. homogeneous morphology), distribution (viable epicardial or endocardial rim), and size. Twenty-one adult @entity235 were randomly divided into two groups: (1) 12 @entity235 underwent two-stage, 2-hour occlusion of the proximal @entity453 ( @entity3980 ); and (2) nine animals had permanent, complete occlusion of the @entity3980 with latex embolization. Using programmed ventricular pacing with two premature ventricular extrastimuli, initiation of @entity1165 was attempted at both 1 and 2 weeks after @entity1188 with the chest closed and opened each time. Electrophysiologic evaluation of the @entity1188 type correlated significantly with the histologic morphology of the @entity1188 (p less than 0.001), the presence of a viable epicardial rim was an extremely important discriminating variable for ability to induce sustained @entity1165 (p = 0.04). The presence of an endocardial rim was not significant (p = 1.0). @entity1188 size alone was only marginally related to @entity1165 inducibility (p = 0.08). Non-uniform @entity1188 were more conducive to the initiation of sustained @entity1165 (p = 0.025). The presence of a large, non-uniform @entity1188 was the best overall discrimination variable for inducibility (p = 0.0002). Thus, in these experimental models, specific @entity1188 correlate significantly with susceptibility to inducible sustained @entity1165 .

title: Histopathologic correlates of inducible XXXX in two experimental @entity235 models of @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias', 'ventricular tachycardia', 'Ventricular tachyarrhythmias', 'ventricular tachycardia than homogeneous infarcts']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct morphologies', 'Infarct', 'infarcts', 'infarction', 'infarct']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['left anterior descending coronary artery']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: @entity1165 are the leading cause of @entity1164 . Determination of the substrates conducive to the initiation of @entity1165 remains an important clinical goal. The purpose of this study was to correlate electrophysiologic and histopathologic parameters conducive to the initiation of sustained @entity1165 using programmed electrical stimulation in two @entity235 models of @entity583 . Histopathologic correlates included: @entity1188 pattern (heterogeneous vs. homogeneous morphology), distribution (viable epicardial or endocardial rim), and size. Twenty-one adult @entity235 were randomly divided into two groups: (1) 12 @entity235 underwent two-stage, 2-hour occlusion of the proximal @entity453 ( @entity3980 ); and (2) nine animals had permanent, complete occlusion of the @entity3980 with latex embolization. Using programmed ventricular pacing with two premature ventricular extrastimuli, initiation of @entity1165 was attempted at both 1 and 2 weeks after @entity1188 with the chest closed and opened each time. Electrophysiologic evaluation of the @entity1188 type correlated significantly with the histologic morphology of the @entity1188 (p less than 0.001), the presence of a viable epicardial rim was an extremely important discriminating variable for ability to induce sustained @entity1165 (p = 0.04). The presence of an endocardial rim was not significant (p = 1.0). @entity1188 size alone was only marginally related to @entity1165 inducibility (p = 0.08). Non-uniform @entity1188 were more conducive to the initiation of sustained @entity1165 (p = 0.025). The presence of a large, non-uniform @entity1188 was the best overall discrimination variable for inducibility (p = 0.0002). Thus, in these experimental models, specific @entity1188 correlate significantly with susceptibility to inducible sustained @entity1165 .

title: Histopathologic correlates of inducible @entity1165 in two experimental @entity235 models of XXXX .

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: @entity1165 are the leading cause of @entity1164 . Determination of the substrates conducive to the initiation of @entity1165 remains an important clinical goal. The purpose of this study was to correlate electrophysiologic and histopathologic parameters conducive to the initiation of sustained @entity1165 using programmed electrical stimulation in two @entity235 models of @entity583 . Histopathologic correlates included: @entity1188 pattern (heterogeneous vs. homogeneous morphology), distribution (viable epicardial or endocardial rim), and size. Twenty-one adult @entity235 were randomly divided into two groups: (1) 12 @entity235 underwent two-stage, 2-hour occlusion of the proximal @entity453 ( @entity3980 ); and (2) nine animals had permanent, complete occlusion of the @entity3980 with latex embolization. Using programmed ventricular pacing with two premature ventricular extrastimuli, initiation of @entity1165 was attempted at both 1 and 2 weeks after @entity1188 with the chest closed and opened each time. Electrophysiologic evaluation of the @entity1188 type correlated significantly with the histologic morphology of the @entity1188 (p less than 0.001), the presence of a viable epicardial rim was an extremely important discriminating variable for ability to induce sustained @entity1165 (p = 0.04). The presence of an endocardial rim was not significant (p = 1.0). @entity1188 size alone was only marginally related to @entity1165 inducibility (p = 0.08). Non-uniform @entity1188 were more conducive to the initiation of sustained @entity1165 (p = 0.025). The presence of a large, non-uniform @entity1188 was the best overall discrimination variable for inducibility (p = 0.0002). Thus, in these experimental models, specific @entity1188 correlate significantly with susceptibility to inducible sustained @entity1165 .

title: Histopathologic correlates of inducible @entity1165 in two experimental XXXX models of @entity583 .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: Chesley's classic long-term follow up study of eclamptic @entity1 clearly demonstrated the prognostic significance of parity in the differential diagnosis of various @entity101 diseases of pregnancy. Multiparous @entity1 with @entity3036 were different on long-term follow-up from primiparous eclamptic @entity1 . A logical conclusion from this observation is that multiparous and primiparous @entity1 groups should be analyzed separately whenever @entity101 diseases of pregnancy are evaluated. This study is therefore an attempt to define the clinical profile of @entity101 during pregnancy on the basis of parity alone. The prenatal and hospital records of 99 successive pregnant @entity1 identified as @entity101 during a 1-year period at Mount Sinai Hospital Medical Center served as the study population. A group of 25 primiparous and 25 multiparous @entity1 , all with uncomplicated pregnancies and normal deliveries in sequence during a 1-month period, served as normal nonhypertensive control groups. Various pregnancy parameters were statistically evaluated for study and control groups. Significant differences were found between @entity101 primiparous and multiparous @entity1 in mean weight increase (p less than 0.05), gestational age at first increase in blood pressure (p less than 0.007), and time from first increase in blood pressure until delivery (p less than 0.008). The difference in birth weight was not significant between @entity101 groups. In contrast, among the control groups, multiparous @entity1 had significantly larger offspring than primiparous @entity1 (p less than 0.01). Weights of normal primiparous control @entity1 were almost identical to those of primiparous @entity101 @entity1 (3252.8 +/- 511.8 versus 3203.26 +/- 679.5 gm). Birth weights of offspring from multiparous @entity101 @entity1 , while not significantly different from those of primiparous @entity101 @entity1 , were significantly lower than those of multiparous control subjects (3093.94 +/- 898.7 versus 3593 +/- 305.6; p less than 0.01). No significant differences in a variety of laboratory findings, reflexes, @entity4 , or mode of delivery were observed between the various groups. The clinical and laboratory presentation of @entity101 in pregnancy may be similar between primiparous and multiparous @entity1 . Nevertheless, clear differences do exist in both maternal presentation and impact of maternal disease on fetal growth and development. These differences strongly suggest a different pathophysiology as the underlying cause of @entity101 in primiparous and multiparous pregnant @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: XXXX diseases of pregnancy and parity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive disease', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertensive']


abstract: Several vasoactive substances influence glomerular function in vivo and alter glomerular surface area and @entity3009 (PG) synthesis in vitro. @entity4443 (LT) LTC4 and LTD4 may also influence glomerular function in vivo and in the isolated perfused kidney. We therefore compared the effects of LT with those of @entity1808 ( @entity1808 ), @entity5463 ( @entity1831 ), and platelet activating factor (PAF) on planar surface area of isolated @entity35 glomeruli and the shape change of cultured mesangial cells and their PG synthesis. @entity1808 , AVP, and PAF decreased the surface area of isolated @entity35 glomeruli by 10-14% with comparable changes induced by LTC4 and LTD4. Half-maximal effects of LTs were observed at approximately 10(-7) M. Incubation of cultured @entity35 mesangial cells with LTC4 or LTD4 at 10(-7) and 10(-8) M was also associated with shape changes of the cells resulting in significant reductions in planar surface area in a dose- and time-dependent fashion similar to that noted previously with other vasoactive agents. In cells grown on a flexible @entity1346 rubber support, LTD4 resulted in rapid increases in wrinkling of the mobile surface indicating that the shape change may represent cell contraction. The LT-mediated decrease in surface area of glomeruli and mesangial cells was partially antagonized by the LT inhibitor @entity1439 . In contrast to the 11- and 7-fold enhancement of @entity1421 synthesis in cultured mesangial cells by @entity1808 or PAF, neither LTC4 nor LTD4 affected @entity1421 production. These results demonstrate that LTC4 and LTD4 cause mesangial shape changes that in the whole glomerulus may decrease glomerular surface area.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of XXXX on isolated @entity35 glomeruli and cultured mesangial cells.

entities_list: @entity4443 :: ('MESH:D015289', 'Chemical') :: ['Leukotrienes']

entities_list: @entity5463 :: ('MESH:D001127', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine vasopressin']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity4443 :: (MESH:D015289,Chemical) :: ['leukotrienes']


abstract: Several vasoactive substances influence glomerular function in vivo and alter glomerular surface area and @entity3009 (PG) synthesis in vitro. @entity4443 (LT) LTC4 and LTD4 may also influence glomerular function in vivo and in the isolated perfused kidney. We therefore compared the effects of LT with those of @entity1808 ( @entity1808 ), @entity5463 ( @entity1831 ), and platelet activating factor (PAF) on planar surface area of isolated @entity35 glomeruli and the shape change of cultured mesangial cells and their PG synthesis. @entity1808 , AVP, and PAF decreased the surface area of isolated @entity35 glomeruli by 10-14% with comparable changes induced by LTC4 and LTD4. Half-maximal effects of LTs were observed at approximately 10(-7) M. Incubation of cultured @entity35 mesangial cells with LTC4 or LTD4 at 10(-7) and 10(-8) M was also associated with shape changes of the cells resulting in significant reductions in planar surface area in a dose- and time-dependent fashion similar to that noted previously with other vasoactive agents. In cells grown on a flexible @entity1346 rubber support, LTD4 resulted in rapid increases in wrinkling of the mobile surface indicating that the shape change may represent cell contraction. The LT-mediated decrease in surface area of glomeruli and mesangial cells was partially antagonized by the LT inhibitor @entity1439 . In contrast to the 11- and 7-fold enhancement of @entity1421 synthesis in cultured mesangial cells by @entity1808 or PAF, neither LTC4 nor LTD4 affected @entity1421 production. These results demonstrate that LTC4 and LTD4 cause mesangial shape changes that in the whole glomerulus may decrease glomerular surface area.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of @entity4443 on isolated XXXX glomeruli and cultured mesangial cells.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The origin of the mesenchymal cells responsible for the intimal @entity82 in @entity785 ( @entity785 ) has not been fully identified. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether subendothelial mesenchymal cells may emerge through transdifferentiation of endothelial cells (ECs) into myofibroblasts via endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in vitro and to explore the signaling pathways involved in this process. METHODS: Primary @entity19 pulmonary ECs isolated by immunomagnetic methods with sequential anti- @entity22416 and anti- @entity31454 antibody selection were cultured in monolayers. Cell morphology and diacetylated low-density lipoprotein uptake assays confirmed their EC characteristics. The induction of EndoMT was assessed by determination of a-smooth muscle actin ( @entity3113 ), type I collagen, and @entity7112 expression, and the expression of the transcriptional repressor @entity22575 was analyzed. The signaling pathways involved were examined using small-molecule kinase inhibitors and RNA interference. RESULTS: @entity641 ( @entity641 ) induced @entity3113 and type I collagen expression and inhibited @entity7112 . These effects were mediated by a marked increase in @entity22575 expression and were abolished by treatment with either the @entity17225 @entity669 kinase inhibitor @entity2213 or the protein kinase C   (PKC  ) inhibitor @entity12703 . The inhibitory effects of @entity2213 and @entity12703 were mediated by inhibition of phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3b at residue Ser(9). These observations were confirmed in experiments using small interfering RNA specific for @entity17225 and PKC  . CONCLUSION: These results indicate that @entity17225 and PKC   are crucial for @entity641 -induced EndoMT and that @entity2213 and @entity12703 or similar kinase inhibitor molecules may be effective therapeutic agents for @entity785 and other fibroproliferative vasculopathies in which EndoMT plays a pathogenetic role.

title: XXXX kinase are required for transforming growth factor b induction of endothelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity641 :: ('21803(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TGFb', 'Transforming growth factor b1', 'TGFb1']

entities_list: @entity12703 :: ('MESH:C085746', 'Chemical') :: ['rottlerin']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib mesylate']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis', 'SSc']

answer: @entity17225 :: (11350(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Protein kinase C   and c-Abl']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The authors investigated long-term @entity5 control and @entity137 outcomes after high-dose, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in @entity1 who had clinically @entity263 . METHODS: Between April 1996 and January 1998, 170 @entity1 received 81 gray (Gy) using a 5-field IMRT technique. @entity1 were classified according to the National @entity5 Network-defined risk groups. @entity137 data were scored according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 3.0. Freedom from biochemical relapse, distant metastases, and cause-specific survival outcomes were calculated. The median follow-up was 99 months. RESULTS: The 10-year actuarial @entity1486 relapse-free survival rates were 81% for the low-risk group, 78% for the intermediate-risk group, and 62% for the high-risk group; the 10-year distant metastases-free rates were 100%, 94%, and 90%, respectively; and the 10-year cause-specific mortality rates were 0%, 3%, and 14%, respectively. The 10-year likelihood of developing grade 2 and 3 late genitourinary @entity137 was 11% and 5%, respectively; and the 10-year likelihood of developing grade 2 and 3 late gastrointestinal @entity137 was 2% and 1%, respectively. No grade 4 @entity137 were observed. CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, this report represents the longest followed cohort of @entity1 who received high-dose radiation levels of 81 Gy using IMRT for @entity263 . The findings indicated that high-dose IMRT is well tolerated and is associated with excellent long-term @entity5 -control outcomes in @entity1 with @entity263 .

title: Ten-year outcomes of high-dose, intensity-modulated radiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Comprehensive Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['localized prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An individual's psychological adjustment to illness is influenced by disease severity, @entity221 , and coping strategies. A more precise understanding of the contribution of each of these factors to a @entity1 's well-being may influence the kind of psychological support required by @entity1 . This study therefore aimed to characterize the contributors to psychological well-being in @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ). The design was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. METHODS: Ninety-six @entity30 @entity1 (34 males, 62 females, mean age 38 years) attending a @entity29 outpatient clinic were studied. Disease severity was evaluated according to the @entity30 Activity Index (CDAI), coping styles assessed with the Carver Brief @entity5786 scale, @entity221 explored with the Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (BIPQ), and @entity148 and @entity308 measured using the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS). RESULTS: Combining the questionnaire data using structural equation modeling resulted in a final model with an excellent fit (  (2) (7) = 10.42, P = 0.17,   (2) /N = 1.49, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) < 0.07, comparative fit index (CFI) > 0.97, Goodness-of-fit index (GFI) > 0.97). Disease activity had a significant direct influence on @entity221 (b = 51, P < 0.001). In turn, @entity221 had a significant direct influence on @entity308 and @entity148 (b = 41, P < 0.001, b = 0.40, P < 0.001, respectively). Use of emotional coping strategies was associated significantly (P < 0.001) with the presence of @entity148 and @entity308 . CONCLUSIONS: There is an interrelationship between disease activity, @entity221 , coping strategies, and @entity308 and @entity148 . These aspects of psychological processing provide a framework and direction for the psychological support that @entity1 with @entity30 require.

title: Preliminary examination of the relations between disease activity, XXXX , coping strategies, and psychological morbidity in @entity30 guided by the common sense model of illness.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's Disease", "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['tertiary hospital inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['illness perceptions']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['illness perceptions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An individual's psychological adjustment to illness is influenced by disease severity, @entity221 , and coping strategies. A more precise understanding of the contribution of each of these factors to a @entity1 's well-being may influence the kind of psychological support required by @entity1 . This study therefore aimed to characterize the contributors to psychological well-being in @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ). The design was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. METHODS: Ninety-six @entity30 @entity1 (34 males, 62 females, mean age 38 years) attending a @entity29 outpatient clinic were studied. Disease severity was evaluated according to the @entity30 Activity Index (CDAI), coping styles assessed with the Carver Brief @entity5786 scale, @entity221 explored with the Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (BIPQ), and @entity148 and @entity308 measured using the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS). RESULTS: Combining the questionnaire data using structural equation modeling resulted in a final model with an excellent fit (  (2) (7) = 10.42, P = 0.17,   (2) /N = 1.49, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) < 0.07, comparative fit index (CFI) > 0.97, Goodness-of-fit index (GFI) > 0.97). Disease activity had a significant direct influence on @entity221 (b = 51, P < 0.001). In turn, @entity221 had a significant direct influence on @entity308 and @entity148 (b = 41, P < 0.001, b = 0.40, P < 0.001, respectively). Use of emotional coping strategies was associated significantly (P < 0.001) with the presence of @entity148 and @entity308 . CONCLUSIONS: There is an interrelationship between disease activity, @entity221 , coping strategies, and @entity308 and @entity148 . These aspects of psychological processing provide a framework and direction for the psychological support that @entity1 with @entity30 require.

title: Preliminary examination of the relations between disease activity, @entity221 , coping strategies, and psychological morbidity in XXXX guided by the common sense model of illness.

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the effects of a probiotic formulation, VSL#3, on gastrointestinal transit and symptoms of @entity1 with @entity1744 with predominant @entity294 . METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 with @entity294 -predominant @entity1744 were randomly assigned to receive VSL#3 powder (450 billion lyophilized bacteria/day) or matching placebo twice daily for 8 weeks after a 2-week run-in period. Pre- and post-treatment gastrointestinal transit measurements were performed in all @entity1 . @entity1 recorded their bowel function and symptoms daily in a diary during the 10-week study, which was powered to detect a 50% change in the primary colonic transit end-point. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in mean gastrointestinal transit measurements, bowel function scores or satisfactory global symptom relief between the two treatment groups, pre- or post-therapy. Differences in abdominal bloating scores between treatments were borderline significant (P = 0.09, analysis of covariance). Further analysis revealed that abdominal bloating was reduced (P = 0.046) with VSL#3 [mean post- minus pre-treatment score, - 13.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), - 2.5 to - 24.9], but not with placebo (P = 0.54) (mean post- minus pre-treatment score, - 1.7; 95% CI, 7.1 to - 10.4). With the exception of changes in abdominal bloating, VSL#3 had no effect on other individual symptoms: @entity490 , gas and urgency. All @entity1 tolerated VSL#3 well. CONCLUSION: VSL#3 appears to be promising in the relief of abdominal bloating in @entity1 with @entity294 -predominant @entity1744 . This is unrelated to an alteration in gastrointestinal or colonic transit.

title: A randomized controlled trial of a probiotic, VSL#3, on gut transit and symptoms in XXXX -predominant @entity1744 .

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['irritable bowel syndrome', 'Rome II irritable bowel syndrome']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhoea']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the effects of a probiotic formulation, VSL#3, on gastrointestinal transit and symptoms of @entity1 with @entity1744 with predominant @entity294 . METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 with @entity294 -predominant @entity1744 were randomly assigned to receive VSL#3 powder (450 billion lyophilized bacteria/day) or matching placebo twice daily for 8 weeks after a 2-week run-in period. Pre- and post-treatment gastrointestinal transit measurements were performed in all @entity1 . @entity1 recorded their bowel function and symptoms daily in a diary during the 10-week study, which was powered to detect a 50% change in the primary colonic transit end-point. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in mean gastrointestinal transit measurements, bowel function scores or satisfactory global symptom relief between the two treatment groups, pre- or post-therapy. Differences in abdominal bloating scores between treatments were borderline significant (P = 0.09, analysis of covariance). Further analysis revealed that abdominal bloating was reduced (P = 0.046) with VSL#3 [mean post- minus pre-treatment score, - 13.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), - 2.5 to - 24.9], but not with placebo (P = 0.54) (mean post- minus pre-treatment score, - 1.7; 95% CI, 7.1 to - 10.4). With the exception of changes in abdominal bloating, VSL#3 had no effect on other individual symptoms: @entity490 , gas and urgency. All @entity1 tolerated VSL#3 well. CONCLUSION: VSL#3 appears to be promising in the relief of abdominal bloating in @entity1 with @entity294 -predominant @entity1744 . This is unrelated to an alteration in gastrointestinal or colonic transit.

title: A randomized controlled trial of a probiotic, VSL#3, on gut transit and symptoms in @entity294 -predominant XXXX .

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['irritable bowel syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document the effectiveness and vicissitudes of treating 14 @entity162 @entity1 with @entity3486 over a combined 300 years, and an average of 21 years/ @entity1 . METHODS: Chart review of the narrative and laboratory studies of these 14 @entity1 ranging in duration from 12 to 29 years. RESULTS: @entity1091 stabilized these @entity162 @entity1 over these periods. Only three @entity1 required hospitalization, one because @entity1091 was slowly tapered at her request after 6 years of mood stability, another because of non-compliance, and a third because of co-morbid alcohol abuse. One @entity1 attempted suicide after @entity1091 was tapered off. However, in some @entity1 , there were serious side-effects necessitating @entity1091 discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS: Controlled studies in psychopharmacology are obviously preferred to open-label or naturalistic case studies. However, controlled studies are rarely conducted over long periods, and practice-related naturalistic research can be of value, albeit anecdotal and without the use of structured rating scales. In this paper, we are reporting on 14 @entity1 seen consistently by one psychiatrist. These @entity1 were functional and productive at work and in family life. The @entity1 suffered brief hypomanic or @entity308 episodes. Although several @entity1 experienced serious side-effects, @entity1091 was continued with stable mood, while the side-effects were managed in collaboration with other specialists.

title: Long-term therapy with XXXX in a private practice clinic: a naturalistic study.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive']

entities_list: @entity3486 :: ('MESH:D016651', 'Chemical') :: ['lithium carbonate']

entities_list: @entity1091 :: ('MESH:D008094', 'Chemical') :: ['Lithium', 'lithium']

answer: @entity1091 :: (MESH:D008094,Chemical) :: ['lithium']


abstract: A survey of 100 consecutive endoscopies on elderly @entity1 with suspected obstructive @entity1282 is reported. Seventy-eight @entity1 had positive findings and one to three lesions were reported in these cases. Benign stricture of the oesophagus was the commonest finding, and led to active treatment (dilation) in most cases either with Hurst bougies or Eder dilators. Fifteen @entity1 had @entity5 (12 oesophagus, three stomach). All of those with @entity189 received some form of active treatment, either in the form of radiotherapy, surgery, dilation or Celestin tube insertion. Six @entity1 with negative endoscopies had diagnoses established by other means and in 14 no cause was identified, but in four of these symptoms settled after endoscopy. The duration of @entity1282 was not particularly helpful clinically. Two thirds of 'endoscopically normal' @entity1 had short histories with @entity1282 for less than 1 year, as did half of the @entity1 with benign stricture. Most @entity1 who were found to be malignant had experienced @entity1282 for only a short time although one @entity1 had a 4-year history! Upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy is a safe and valuable procedure in elderly @entity1 with @entity1282 and often leads to positive therapeutic intervention even in quite frail subjects.

title: Endoscopic evaluation of XXXX in the elderly.

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['upper gastro-intestinal malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1282 :: (MESH:D003680,Disease) :: ['dysphagia']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2477 of the orbit is often unilateral and solitary. Multiple @entity2477 of the orbit are extremely rare. The authors reported four @entity1 who had more than two @entity2477 in one orbit. METHODS: Case reports.The clinical features, imaging findings, differential diagnosis and surgical management were presented. RESULTS: We found 4 cases of multiple @entity2477 of the orbit out of 214 records of all @entity1 with orbital @entity2477 who were referred to us from Jan 1,1986 to Dec 31,2000. Two @entity1 were female and two were male. The mean age was 46.5 years, ranging from 37.0 to 57.0 years. The left orbits were affected in all @entity1 , with two, three, eight and ten @entity5 respectively. The most common complaint was a painless, gradually progressive proptosis. The characteristic CT imaging features were multiple well circumscribed, round or ovoid masses that were sharply delineated from the surrounding tissue. B-scan ultrasonography showed round-shaped orbital masses with high internal reflectivity. The therapeutic outcomes of lateral or anterior orbitotomy were excellent. CONCLUSION: Although rare, cavernous @entity2695 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of @entity1 with multiple orbital mass lesions.

title: Multiple XXXX of the orbit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2477 :: ('MESH:D006392', 'Disease') :: ['Cavernous hemangioma', 'cavernous hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma']

answer: @entity2477 :: (MESH:D006392,Disease) :: ['cavernous hemangiomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of a more-efficient home care protocol to manage @entity2720 ( @entity2720 ) @entity1 after surgery. DESIGN: A randomized trial of two home care protocols for @entity2720 management. SETTING: A hospital-affiliated home healthcare agency in a large midwestern city. @entity1 : Medicare-eligible individuals undergoing elective total hip or knee replacement surgery (N = 136). INTERVENTION: A home care protocol that included preoperative home visits by a nurse and a physical therapist and fewer postoperative visits (range of 9-12 visits) to the home than an existing protocol (range of 11-47 visits). MEASUREMENTS: Functional status, lower extremity functioning, health-related quality of life, satisfaction with care, and use and cost of healthcare services for 6 months postsurgery. RESULTS: There were no differences in functional status, health-related quality of life, or lower extremity functioning by group at 6 months. A marginally significant gain in satisfaction with access to care (P =.059) was found in the intervention group at 6 months. Home healthcare costs were 55% lower for the streamlined group (P <.001). Other costs did not differ significantly by group. CONCLUSION: @entity2720 @entity1 who received the more-efficient home care protocol experienced comparable outcomes to those who received the existing protocol. An abbreviated set of home care visits resulted in more-efficient delivery of care without compromising @entity1 outcomes.

title: Comparison of two home care protocols for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['TJR', 'total joint replacement']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

answer: @entity2720 :: (MESH:D007592,Disease) :: ['total joint replacement']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biologic outcome of @entity1204 as compared to clinical and pathologic parameters and to identify multivariate independent prognostic factors. Charts were abstracted from @entity1 with @entity1204 from 1985 to 1995. Data on clinicopathologic variables, adjuvant treatment, site of recurrence, and survival were collected. chi2 test was used to test association between variables. Kaplan-Maier method was used for survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model for multiple regression analysis. Univariate analysis revealed that FIGO stage, @entity5 grade, depth of @entity3 , biochemical analysis of @entity1420 receptor status, age, additional @entity6 , @entity1600 , and type of @entity5 were significantly associated with the overall-survival. For disease-free interval, FIGO stage, @entity5 grade, depth of @entity3 , biochemical analysis of @entity1420 receptor status, @entity1600 , and type of @entity5 were also significantly associated. Multivariate analysis revealed that FIGO stage, @entity5 grading, @entity5 type, depth of @entity3 , and biochemically measured @entity1420 receptor status were associated significantly with overall survival. A significant correlation as independent prognostic factors were also seen for recurrence free interval for FIGO stage, @entity5 grade, and biochemical @entity1420 receptor status. In multivariate statistical analysis we identified FIGO stage, @entity5 type, @entity5 grade, biochemical analysis of @entity1420 receptor status, and depth of @entity3 as independent prognostic factors for overall survival, and FIGO stage, biochemical analysis of @entity1420 receptor status, and @entity5 grade as independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free interval.

title: Multivariate independent prognostic factors in XXXX : a clinicopathologic study in 181 @entity1 : 10 years experience at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Mainz University.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'endometrial carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['myometrial invasion']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial carcinoma']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biologic outcome of @entity1204 as compared to clinical and pathologic parameters and to identify multivariate independent prognostic factors. Charts were abstracted from @entity1 with @entity1204 from 1985 to 1995. Data on clinicopathologic variables, adjuvant treatment, site of recurrence, and survival were collected. chi2 test was used to test association between variables. Kaplan-Maier method was used for survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model for multiple regression analysis. Univariate analysis revealed that FIGO stage, @entity5 grade, depth of @entity3 , biochemical analysis of @entity1420 receptor status, age, additional @entity6 , @entity1600 , and type of @entity5 were significantly associated with the overall-survival. For disease-free interval, FIGO stage, @entity5 grade, depth of @entity3 , biochemical analysis of @entity1420 receptor status, @entity1600 , and type of @entity5 were also significantly associated. Multivariate analysis revealed that FIGO stage, @entity5 grading, @entity5 type, depth of @entity3 , and biochemically measured @entity1420 receptor status were associated significantly with overall survival. A significant correlation as independent prognostic factors were also seen for recurrence free interval for FIGO stage, @entity5 grade, and biochemical @entity1420 receptor status. In multivariate statistical analysis we identified FIGO stage, @entity5 type, @entity5 grade, biochemical analysis of @entity1420 receptor status, and depth of @entity3 as independent prognostic factors for overall survival, and FIGO stage, biochemical analysis of @entity1420 receptor status, and @entity5 grade as independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free interval.

title: Multivariate independent prognostic factors in @entity1204 : a clinicopathologic study in 181 XXXX : 10 years experience at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Mainz University.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Uterine @entity189 (USC) has a propensity for extrauterine spread, and some suggest that this disease be staged as an @entity43 , and thus include omental sampling. However, given the primary organ involved, the staging recommendations do not include omental sampling. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of omental sampling during the surgical staging of USC. We retrospectively identified cases of USC at our institution from January 1990 to June 2000 and abstracted surgical procedures, stage, and sites of @entity3 . Fisher's exact test was used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value. We identified 65 @entity1 with USC, of which 52 underwent omental evaluation. Thirty four of the omentums were visually normal and benign on histologic review. Two were visually negative and histologically positive for metastatic @entity189 . The remaining 16 specimens were grossly involved with histologic confirmation of disease. The sensitivity of a visually negative omentum is 0.89 (P < 0.0001). Microscopic omental @entity3 from USC is rare. When the omentum is involved, thereby upstaging the @entity1 to stage IVB disease, the disease is generally diagnosed by gross visualization. We conclude that omental sampling does not need to be included in the routine surgical staging of USC.

title: The role of omentectomy during the surgical staging of uterine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['serous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['serous carcinoma']


abstract: Catheter ablation of cardiac tissue by means of direct-current electrical energy is associated with several complications. We assessed the efficacy and safety of closed-chest catheter desiccation of the left ventricular myocardium with microbipolar radiofrequency (RF) energy (750 kHz) in five @entity235 . The unipolar configuration was used with RF energy delivered between the tip electrode of a standard No. 7F tripolar catheter in the left ventricle and an external patch electrode on the left lateral chest wall. A single application with different RF energy settings (100 J, 200 J, and 300 J) was delivered to three individual endocardial sites of the left ventricle. @entity1165 or fibrillation was not observed during energy application and 24 hours after ablation, as assessed by a Holter recording. There was no damage to the electrode catheter. @entity235 were killed on the fifth day. Pathology showed well-delineated ovoid or round-shaped coagulation @entity39 at the ablation sites. Microscopic findings consisted of circumscribed areas of @entity39 surrounded by a zone of fibroblastic and mononuclear proliferation. In conclusion, catheter ablation of the ventricular myocardium with RF energy is an apparently safe procedure and can effectively produce discrete areas of injury without destruction of surrounding uninvolved myocardium. This method offers potential clinical utility for catheter ablation of refractory sustained @entity1165 .

title: Transcatheter desiccation of the XXXX left ventricle using radiofrequency energy: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular tachycardia', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Invasive @entity5 involving the cavernous sinus, such as recurrent @entity1653 or @entity242 , raise therapeutic problems that may be resolved by @entity15265 ( @entity15265 ). METHODS: Our series comprises 18 @entity1 (9 @entity1 and 9 @entity1 ranging in age from 14 to 64 yr) who underwent @entity15265 during the past 8 years. The @entity5 in these @entity1 included 12 @entity1653 , 3 @entity511 , 1 @entity980 , 1 lipomyosarcoma, and 1 @entity957 . @entity432 was confirmed in 15 cases by a balloon occlusion test. Three @entity1 had a negative balloon occlusion test, and their internal carotid arteries were preserved (n = 1) or revascularized (n = 2) through an external carotid artery-to-middle cerebral artery bypass. RESULTS: @entity15265 was performed as a primary treatment in 5 @entity1 and after one to five recurrences in 13 @entity1 . In all @entity1 , @entity15265 included the internal carotid artery and Cranial Nerves III, IV, and VI and one to three branches of Cranial Nerve V. Orbital exenteration was performed in eight @entity1 , and partial hypophysectomy was performed in five @entity1 . Ten @entity1 had received radiotherapy before @entity15265 , and five @entity1 underwent irradiation after @entity15265 . The operative mortality includes two @entity1 . @entity5173 was the main complication in four @entity1 , with three @entity1 having @entity693 . Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 5 years, with three deaths from new recurrences at 2, 3, and 4 years after @entity15265 . As compared with their clinical courses before @entity15265 , all @entity1 except the two who died postoperatively benefited from @entity15265 . CONCLUSION: @entity15265 has useful indications in invasive and rapidly growing @entity5 , including apparently @entity1653 . A better understanding of the biological behavior of these @entity5 is necessary for appropriate selection of @entity1 for @entity15265 .

title: Cavernous sinus exenteration for invasive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['epidermoid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity15265 :: ('MESH:D020226', 'Disease') :: ['CSE', 'cavernous sinus exenteration']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningiomas', 'benign meningiomas']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebrospinal fluid leakage']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['Preoperative occlusion of the internal carotid artery']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cranial base tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recent neurosurgical literature reflects rapidly evolving, technically enhanced methods that promise to improve neurosurgical outcomes. We review our experience with computer image guidance, linear or sigmoid incisions after minimal shaving, and liquid wound dressing with @entity21079 (Dermabond; Ethicon, Inc., Somerville, NJ) for @entity5 craniotomy or craniectomy in our attempt to optimize craniotomy or craniectomy for @entity5 . METHODS: After institutional review board approval, we retrospectively reviewed @entity1 who underwent craniotomy or craniectomy for @entity5 with or without the combination of techniques specified above. A prior cohort of @entity1 who underwent craniotomy or craniectomy with traditional techniques served as a retrospective basis of comparison. Analysis included in- and outpatient chart reviews, which included the operative notes, pathology reports, discharge summaries, outpatient office records, and intraoperative nursing records. Data were entered into a statistical spreadsheet for analysis and comparison. RESULTS: A total of 225 consecutive @entity1 underwent a combination of less invasive techniques from July 2000 through October 2001. These @entity1 were matched with 225 @entity1 in a standard neurosurgical cohort that included @entity1 who underwent operations from July 1994 through July 2000. Age, @entity5 type, radiation, reoperation rate, @entity5 location, and extent of resection were comparable for both groups. The overall wound complication rate was significantly lower in the minimally invasive group when compared with the control cohort of @entity1 (0.9% versus 6.2%; P = 0.0298), even for early follow-up (0.9% versus 3.5%; P = 0.0427). Pedicle flap design was a variable that was significantly associated with wound complication. CONCLUSION: Modern neurosurgical techniques are beneficial for @entity1 undergoing craniotomy or craniectomy for @entity5 and seem to be superior to standard techniques. Although the study is multifactorial and retrospective, this conclusion is further supported by the enhanced self-image @entity1 have during the postoperative period.

title: Concomitant use of computer image guidance, linear or sigmoid incisions after minimal shave, and liquid wound dressing with @entity21079 for XXXX craniotomy or craniectomy: analysis of 225 consecutive surgical cases with antecedent historical control at one institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity21079 :: ('MESH:C100832', 'Chemical') :: ['2-octyl cyanoacrylate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recent neurosurgical literature reflects rapidly evolving, technically enhanced methods that promise to improve neurosurgical outcomes. We review our experience with computer image guidance, linear or sigmoid incisions after minimal shaving, and liquid wound dressing with @entity21079 (Dermabond; Ethicon, Inc., Somerville, NJ) for @entity5 craniotomy or craniectomy in our attempt to optimize craniotomy or craniectomy for @entity5 . METHODS: After institutional review board approval, we retrospectively reviewed @entity1 who underwent craniotomy or craniectomy for @entity5 with or without the combination of techniques specified above. A prior cohort of @entity1 who underwent craniotomy or craniectomy with traditional techniques served as a retrospective basis of comparison. Analysis included in- and outpatient chart reviews, which included the operative notes, pathology reports, discharge summaries, outpatient office records, and intraoperative nursing records. Data were entered into a statistical spreadsheet for analysis and comparison. RESULTS: A total of 225 consecutive @entity1 underwent a combination of less invasive techniques from July 2000 through October 2001. These @entity1 were matched with 225 @entity1 in a standard neurosurgical cohort that included @entity1 who underwent operations from July 1994 through July 2000. Age, @entity5 type, radiation, reoperation rate, @entity5 location, and extent of resection were comparable for both groups. The overall wound complication rate was significantly lower in the minimally invasive group when compared with the control cohort of @entity1 (0.9% versus 6.2%; P = 0.0298), even for early follow-up (0.9% versus 3.5%; P = 0.0427). Pedicle flap design was a variable that was significantly associated with wound complication. CONCLUSION: Modern neurosurgical techniques are beneficial for @entity1 undergoing craniotomy or craniectomy for @entity5 and seem to be superior to standard techniques. Although the study is multifactorial and retrospective, this conclusion is further supported by the enhanced self-image @entity1 have during the postoperative period.

title: Concomitant use of computer image guidance, linear or sigmoid incisions after minimal shave, and liquid wound dressing with XXXX for @entity5 craniotomy or craniectomy: analysis of 225 consecutive surgical cases with antecedent historical control at one institution.

answer: @entity21079 :: (MESH:C100832,Chemical) :: ['2-octyl cyanoacrylate']


abstract: AIMS: To test whether the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is related to the extension of @entity453 (ATS) and predicts @entity299 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Hospital-based, retrospective observational (median follow up: 92 months) cohort study. In 1726 consecutive @entity1 undergoing angiography, coronary ATS and subsequent mortality were related to ESR and to classical risk factors. @entity1 (n=269) undergoing angiography for reasons different from @entity741 ( @entity741 ), served as control. ESR was progressively higher in the presence of 1, 2, or 3-vessel disease. Age-and sex-adjusted ESR was positively related to ATS both in univariate analysis (r=0.17, p<0.0001) and in a multivariate model including principal risk factors (partial r=0.11, p<0.0001). Similar associations were observed in the control group. Over the follow-up period, 170 @entity1 died of a cardiac cause. When male and female @entity1 in their upper ESR quartile (>18 and >23mm/h, respectively) were compared with the remainder of the cohort, their age-and gender-adjusted odds ratio for @entity299 was 1.72 (CI=1.25-2.38, p=0.0008). This result held true, in @entity1 , also when using a full set of risk factors in a Cox model. CONCLUSIONS: ESR is an independent correlate of coronary ATS and, in male @entity1 with probable @entity741 , a predictor of @entity204 .

title: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, @entity453 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['IHD', 'ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac mortality']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac mortality']


abstract: AIMS: To test whether the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is related to the extension of @entity453 (ATS) and predicts @entity299 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Hospital-based, retrospective observational (median follow up: 92 months) cohort study. In 1726 consecutive @entity1 undergoing angiography, coronary ATS and subsequent mortality were related to ESR and to classical risk factors. @entity1 (n=269) undergoing angiography for reasons different from @entity741 ( @entity741 ), served as control. ESR was progressively higher in the presence of 1, 2, or 3-vessel disease. Age-and sex-adjusted ESR was positively related to ATS both in univariate analysis (r=0.17, p<0.0001) and in a multivariate model including principal risk factors (partial r=0.11, p<0.0001). Similar associations were observed in the control group. Over the follow-up period, 170 @entity1 died of a cardiac cause. When male and female @entity1 in their upper ESR quartile (>18 and >23mm/h, respectively) were compared with the remainder of the cohort, their age-and gender-adjusted odds ratio for @entity299 was 1.72 (CI=1.25-2.38, p=0.0008). This result held true, in @entity1 , also when using a full set of risk factors in a Cox model. CONCLUSIONS: ESR is an independent correlate of coronary ATS and, in male @entity1 with probable @entity741 , a predictor of @entity204 .

title: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, XXXX , and @entity299 .

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary atherosclerosis']


abstract: Esophageal function was prospectively studied in 50 consecutive insulin-requiring @entity6 @entity1 . The @entity1 were stratified in three groups: A) 18 without @entity1897 ( @entity1897 ); B) 20 with @entity1897 but no @entity4148 ; C) 12 with @entity1897 and @entity4148 . Twelve @entity1 (four B, eight C) had gastrointestinal symptoms including six with @entity1282 . Radionuclide esophageal emptying was abnormal in 55, 70, and 83% of @entity1 in groups A, B, and C, respectively. Eleven of the 12 (92%) symptomatic and 23 of the 38 (60%) asymptomatic @entity6 @entity1 had abnormal emptying. Five of six @entity1 with @entity1282 had abnormal emptying. Esophageal manometry was also performed in 15 @entity1 . Twelve @entity1 had abnormal manometry. These included nutcracker esophagus in two, @entity1318 in one, and increased percentage of multipeaked and simultaneous contractions in nine. There were no significant correlations between radionuclide esophageal emptying, manometric changes and symptoms. @entity344 were more common in the presence of @entity4148 . Delayed esophageal emptying was more profound in the presence of @entity1897 , but abnormal esophageal emptying was present in @entity1 with @entity16 as commonly as @entity1 without. Furthermore, the presence of @entity6 , duration or control of diabetics, and fasting blood sugar did not influence the frequency of abnormal esophageal emptying. Our data indicate that @entity1208 is common in male diabetics even in the absence of clinical @entity1897 and @entity989 , suggesting that @entity6 can occur in the absence of significant @entity2412 . Commonly observed abnormal esophageal manometry in diabetics is not necessarily accompanied by significant functional disturbances or symptoms.

title: Radionuclide esophageal emptying and manometric studies in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1318 :: ('MESH:D004931', 'Disease') :: ['achalasia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic gastroenteropathy', 'diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['PN', 'peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1208 :: ('MESH:D004935', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic complications']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity957 ( @entity957 ) have been shown to have distinct outcome profiles based on their @entity1082 ) status. The purpose of this study was to assess HPV-related outcomes after transoral robotic surgery (TORS) with adjuvant therapy as indicated. METHODS: This study consisted of a retrospective review of 50 @entity1 with @entity957 within a prospective single-arm cohort study. Outcome measures included HPV status, margin status, relapse pattern, and survival. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 were HPV-positive (74.0%) with 34 @entity1 (91.9%) being serotype-16. Negative margins were achieved in 92.3% (HPV-negative) and 94.6% (HPV-positive). In the HPV-negative group, there were no local recurrences and 1 @entity1 had both regional and distant recurrence (7.7%). In the HPV-positive group, there were no local or regional recurrences and 2 @entity1 (5.4%) had distant recurrences. There were no statistically significant differences in survival between the 2 cohorts (overall survival, disease-specific survival, disease-free survival). CONCLUSION: TORS as a primary surgical modality, followed by adjuvant therapy as indicated, offers disease control in both HPV-negative and HPV-positive groups. We believe that multi-institutional studies are warranted to further evaluate this novel approach for @entity1 who are HPV negative and HPV positive.

title: Transoral robotic surgery and XXXX status: Oncologic results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OPSCC', 'oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: Acute experiments were performed on open-chest male mongrel @entity235 that were anesthetized with thiopental @entity1372 and respired. An average of 10 penetrations per side was used to explore the rostral-caudal organization of the nucleus ambiguus (NA) and the area ventrolateral to it. Atrial pacing was performed on some trials to clarify the occurrence of @entity713 . In addition, the vagi were sectioned in some animals to confirm the peripheral pathway of the observed effects. Finally, the twin-pulse technique was used to classify the neurons underlying the observed effects according to their refractory periods. Stimulation in the area of the NA and lateral to it produced @entity1168 and @entity1168 without altering blood pressure. Stimulation of either the left or right NA produced slowing of both @entity2224 . However, slowing of the atrial rate was greatest with right NA stimulation, whereas slowing of the ventricular rate was predominant with left-side stimulation. The presence of @entity713 was evident from dropped QRS complexes with and without pacing. Vagotomy demonstrated that these effects were conducted by ipsilateral but not contralateral nerves. Measurement of the refractory periods showed that the neurons underlying both @entity11233 were characteristic of B-fibers.

title: Differential effect of stimulation of nucleus ambiguus on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['AV block', 'atrioventricular (AV) block']

entities_list: @entity11233 :: ('MESH:D016170', 'Disease') :: ['atrial and ventricular slowing']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['atrial and ventricular rates']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia', 'bradyarrhythmias']

answer: @entity2224 :: (MESH:D014693,Disease) :: ['atrial and ventricular rates']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the surgical outcomes and to identify prognostic factors influencing @entity5 recurrence and survival after curative resection of primary @entity356 as performed by one surgeon. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The medical records of @entity1 with primary @entity356 ( @entity2467 or @entity2467 -positive) who underwent curative resection by one surgeon between January 2001 and March 2009. The clinicopathological features, @entity5 recurrence, and recurrence-free survival were assessed. RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity1 (10 males and 12females) with a median age of 66 years (range, 39-98 yrs) were reviewed. According to the NIH risk criteria, high-risk, intermediate-risk and low-risk GISTs were found in 12 (54.5%), one (4.5%), and nine (41%) @entity1 , respectively. After a median follow-up of 42 months (range, 19-96 months), three @entity1 (13.6%) developed @entity5 recurrence, all of whom had high-risk GIST. No @entity1 died during this follow-up period The recurrence-free probability at 5 years was 88% (95% CI; 59%-97%). Univariable analysis showed that high mitotic count (> 5/50 HPF) was a significant predictor of @entity5 recurrence. CONCLUSION: Low and intermediate-risk @entity356 have an excellent prognosis after complete surgical resection alone, while high-risk group are associated with increased disease recurrence despite complete surgical resection. Adjuvant therapy should be advocated for @entity1 with high-risk gastric GISTs. High mitotic count is an important prognostic factor for recurrence after surgery.

title: Outcomes and prognostic factors of primary XXXX following complete surgical resection: a single surgeon experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric GIST']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric GIST']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is a retrospective study to determine the outcomes of the surgical correction in long-standing @entity5971 with @entity2915 fixation. METHODS: Medical charts of a group of @entity1 with @entity5971 who had @entity2915 fixation and underwent surgery for strabismus between January 1991 and December 2004 were reviewed. The mean follow-up time was 4.7 years. Binocularity was measured by the Worth 4-dot test and Titmus stereo test. Twenty-six @entity1 underwent surgery for strabismus. Twenty-one @entity1 aged 8 to 26 years with a minimum 3-year postoperative follow-up were included. Five @entity1 were excluded because they were lost to follow-up after surgery. RESULTS: Bimedial recession and resection of one lateral rectus muscle were performed in all @entity1 . Recession of the inferior oblique muscle with anteriorization was performed in @entity1 who had @entity2182 . Orthotropia was attained in 14 @entity1 , whereas @entity5971 was diagnosed in 5 @entity1 . Two @entity1 were diagnosed as having @entity5770 . Two @entity1 required a second surgery for dissociated @entity5494 . Overall, 9 of the 21 @entity1 had indications of binocular function and 12 remained the same in their stereoacuity. CONCLUSION: Surgical correction of long-standing @entity5971 with @entity2915 fixation in young adults may improve binocular function and allow long-term alignment stability.

title: Outcome of surgery in long-standing @entity5971 with XXXX fixation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5770 :: ('MESH:D005099', 'Disease') :: ['exotropia']

entities_list: @entity5494 :: ('MESH:D010262', 'Disease') :: ['vertical deviation']

entities_list: @entity5971 :: ('MESH:D004948', 'Disease') :: ['residual esotropia', 'infantile esotropia', 'esotropia']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['inferior oblique overaction']

answer: @entity2915 :: (MESH:D006948,Disease) :: ['cross']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is a retrospective study to determine the outcomes of the surgical correction in long-standing @entity5971 with @entity2915 fixation. METHODS: Medical charts of a group of @entity1 with @entity5971 who had @entity2915 fixation and underwent surgery for strabismus between January 1991 and December 2004 were reviewed. The mean follow-up time was 4.7 years. Binocularity was measured by the Worth 4-dot test and Titmus stereo test. Twenty-six @entity1 underwent surgery for strabismus. Twenty-one @entity1 aged 8 to 26 years with a minimum 3-year postoperative follow-up were included. Five @entity1 were excluded because they were lost to follow-up after surgery. RESULTS: Bimedial recession and resection of one lateral rectus muscle were performed in all @entity1 . Recession of the inferior oblique muscle with anteriorization was performed in @entity1 who had @entity2182 . Orthotropia was attained in 14 @entity1 , whereas @entity5971 was diagnosed in 5 @entity1 . Two @entity1 were diagnosed as having @entity5770 . Two @entity1 required a second surgery for dissociated @entity5494 . Overall, 9 of the 21 @entity1 had indications of binocular function and 12 remained the same in their stereoacuity. CONCLUSION: Surgical correction of long-standing @entity5971 with @entity2915 fixation in young adults may improve binocular function and allow long-term alignment stability.

title: Outcome of surgery in long-standing XXXX with @entity2915 fixation.

answer: @entity5971 :: (MESH:D004948,Disease) :: ['infantile esotropia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Spontaneous apoptosis has been shown to predict @entity5 response to radiochemotherapy in @entity5 in vivo. It remains to be elucidated, however, which genetic profile determines whether a @entity5 is more or less prone to apoptosis. Recently, a novel member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, designated survivin, was identified. We investigated the impact of survivin expression on @entity5 cell apoptosis in three colorectal cell lines of different intrinsic radiosensitivities. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Survivin protein expression was measured by Western blot analysis, and survivin mRNA expression by quantitative TaqMan reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, both in untreated cell and after irradiation with 2 and 8 Gy. The expression profile was then correlated to spontaneous and radiation-induced apoptosis (Tunel-Assay, DAPI-staining) in three colorectal cell lines of low (SW 480), intermediate (HCT-15), and high radiosensitivity (SW 48), as determined by the colony-forming assay. RESULTS: In vitro analysis revealed higher spontaneous and higher radiation-induced apoptosis rates in the radiosensitive line (SW 48), as compared with the more resistant line (SW 480). In Western blot analysis and in TaqMan analysis, SW 480 was characterized by a higher spontaneous expression and a pronounced induction of survivin 48 h after irradiation, whereas survivin expression was low when untreated and not increased after irradiation in the most radiosensitive line SW 48. HCT-15 was intermediate, both with respect to the level of survivin mRNA and protein expression. CONCLUSION: The inverse correlation of survivin-expression with spontaneous and radiation-induced apoptosis suggests that survivin is an important inhibitor of apoptosis in @entity14 cell lines. Analysis of survivin mRNA or protein expression may therefore provide predictive information on radio- and chemoresistance of individual @entity14 .

title: Spontaneous and radiation-induced apoptosis in XXXX cells with different intrinsic radiosensitivities: survivin as a radioresistance factor.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'tumor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer', 'colorectal tumors']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal carcinoma']


abstract: Nodal metastasis is the single most important prognostic factor in early @entity14 ( @entity14 ). Lymphatic mapping can identify sentinel nodes for focused histopathologic examination and thereby improve the nodal staging of @entity14 ; however, the optimal technique for identifying sentinel nodes in @entity14 is unclear. We hypothesized that a combination of radiotracer and blue dye would more accurately identify @entity5 -positive sentinel nodes than blue dye alone. Lymphatic mapping was performed in 48 consecutive @entity1 undergoing resection for @entity14 and in two original @entity1 who underwent sentinel node mapping in 1996. Prior to resection, 1% vital blue dye and radiotracer were injected around the @entity5 in the subserosal layer. Nodes were designated as sentinel by blue coloration and/or radioactivity. Lymphatic mapping identified at least one sentinel node in 49 @entity1 . Focused examination of multiple sentinel node sections by means of @entity1710 and @entity1711 and immunohistochemical analysis showed that sentinel nodes accurately predicted the status of the nodal basin in 93.8% (46 of 49) of @entity1 . Of the 19 @entity1 with nodal @entity3 , 11 had macrometastases (>.2 mm), three had micrometastases (between 2 mm and 0.2 mm), and five had @entity5 cells or clusters (<.2 mm) identified by immunohistochemical analysis only. @entity1 had significantly fewer blue/radioactive ("hot") nodes than blue-only nodes (1.38 vs. 2.48 per @entity1 ; P = 0.0001). It is important to note that nodal @entity3 were more common in blue/hot nodes than in blue-only nodes (27.3% [19 of 68] vs. 8.8% [11 of 124]; P = 0.005). Dual-agent lymphatic mapping more accurately identifies sentinel node @entity3 than blue dye alone. In addition, this technique allows a more focused histopathologic examination of these nodes, in conjunction with the revised American Joint Committee on Cancer guidelines, and thereby offers the potential for significant upstaging of @entity14 .

title: Combination probe and dye-directed lymphatic mapping detects micrometastases in early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'isolated tumor']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: The effects of 1.0 and 1.5 minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) of @entity5161 on mean systemic arterial pressure, heart rate, @entity64 volume, cardiac output, total body @entity26 consumption, myocardial @entity26 consumption, and regional distribution of blood flow were studied in newborn @entity742 . Fractional extraction of @entity26 for the total body and for the myocardium were calculated. MAC for @entity5161 was first determined in eight @entity742 less than 10 days old. The mean value obtained was 1.51%. Six different @entity742 were used for cardiovascular study. Heart rate, @entity64 volume, cardiac output, and mean systemic arterial pressure decreased significantly during @entity5161 anesthesia. Mean systemic arterial pressure and cardiac output decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Heart rate decreased significantly at 1.0 MAC @entity5161 , but no further at 1.5 MAC. @entity64 volume decreased only at 1.5 MAC. Cardiac output and total body @entity26 consumption decreased by similar amounts at 1.0 MAC. Although cardiac output fell further at 1.5 MAC, @entity26 consumption did not. Fractional extraction of @entity26 increased only at 1.5 MAC. Myocardial blood flow and @entity26 consumption decreased in parallel at 1.0 MAC, with no significant change during 1.5 MAC. Myocardial fractional @entity26 extraction did not change. Although blood flow to all six body regions decreased significantly from control at both concentrations of @entity5161 , blood flow to all organs except the adrenal did not differ significantly during 1.0 and 1.5 MAC. The authors conclude that a decrease in @entity26 requirement during @entity5161 anesthesia results in an appropriate decrease in @entity26 delivery, with no apparent diversion of cardiac output from non-vital to vital organs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The cardiovascular effects of XXXX in @entity742 .

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity5161 :: (MESH:D007530,Chemical) :: ['isoflurane']


abstract: The effects of 1.0 and 1.5 minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) of @entity5161 on mean systemic arterial pressure, heart rate, @entity64 volume, cardiac output, total body @entity26 consumption, myocardial @entity26 consumption, and regional distribution of blood flow were studied in newborn @entity742 . Fractional extraction of @entity26 for the total body and for the myocardium were calculated. MAC for @entity5161 was first determined in eight @entity742 less than 10 days old. The mean value obtained was 1.51%. Six different @entity742 were used for cardiovascular study. Heart rate, @entity64 volume, cardiac output, and mean systemic arterial pressure decreased significantly during @entity5161 anesthesia. Mean systemic arterial pressure and cardiac output decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Heart rate decreased significantly at 1.0 MAC @entity5161 , but no further at 1.5 MAC. @entity64 volume decreased only at 1.5 MAC. Cardiac output and total body @entity26 consumption decreased by similar amounts at 1.0 MAC. Although cardiac output fell further at 1.5 MAC, @entity26 consumption did not. Fractional extraction of @entity26 increased only at 1.5 MAC. Myocardial blood flow and @entity26 consumption decreased in parallel at 1.0 MAC, with no significant change during 1.5 MAC. Myocardial fractional @entity26 extraction did not change. Although blood flow to all six body regions decreased significantly from control at both concentrations of @entity5161 , blood flow to all organs except the adrenal did not differ significantly during 1.0 and 1.5 MAC. The authors conclude that a decrease in @entity26 requirement during @entity5161 anesthesia results in an appropriate decrease in @entity26 delivery, with no apparent diversion of cardiac output from non-vital to vital organs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The cardiovascular effects of @entity5161 in XXXX .

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['lambs']


abstract: @entity4210 is the causative agent of an emerging @entity7545 in the United States and Europe. The organism causes a @entity221 accompanied by other nonspecific symptoms and can be fatal, especially if treatment is delayed. Persistence of A. phagocytophilum within @entity1 reservoir hosts is important for ensuring continued disease transmission. In the related organism @entity16451 , persistence is associated with antigenic variation of the immunoprotective outer membrane protein MSP2. Extensive diversity of MSP2 is achieved by combinatorial gene conversion of a genomic expression site by truncated pseudogenes. The major outer membrane protein of A. phagocytophilum, MSP2( @entity10368 ), is homologous to MSP2 of A. marginale, has a similar organization of conserved and variable regions, and is also encoded by a multigene family containing some truncated gene copies. This suggests that the two organisms could use similar mechanisms to generate diversity in outer membrane proteins from their small genomes. We define here a genomic expression site for MSP2( @entity10368 ) in A. phagocytophilum. As in A. marginale, the msp2( @entity10368 ) gene in this expression site is polymorphic in all populations of organisms we have examined, whether organisms are obtained from in vitro culture in @entity1 HL-60 cells, from culture in the tick cell line ISE6, or from infected @entity1 blood. Changes in culture conditions were found to favor the growth and predominance of certain msp2( @entity10368 ) variants. Insertions, deletions, and substitutions in the region of the genomic expression site encoding the central hypervariable region matched sequence polymorphisms in msp2( @entity10368 ) mRNA. These data suggest that, similarly to A. marginale, A. phagocytophilum uses combinatorial mechanisms to generate a large array of outer membrane protein variants. Such gene polymorphism has profound implications for the design of vaccines, diagnostic tests, and therapy.

title: Expression of multiple outer membrane protein sequence variants from a single genomic locus of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity4210 :: ('948', 'Species') :: ['Anaplasma phagocytophilum']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness']

entities_list: @entity16451 :: ('770', 'Species') :: ['Anaplasma marginale']

entities_list: @entity7545 :: ('MESH:D017282', 'Disease') :: ['tick-borne zoonosis']

answer: @entity4210 :: (948,Species) :: ['Anaplasma phagocytophilum']


abstract: Because of @entity340 and @entity999 reported with use of the total artificial heart, the descending aorta was reexamined as a site for a valveless counterpulsation left ventricular assist pump. The pump was introduced into the thoracic aorta at the level of the eight thoracic vertebra in 11 @entity235 right-heart bypass preparations. Heart rate (110 beats per minute), @entity64 volume (20 ml), and mean arterial pressure (80 or 100 mm Hg) were precisely controlled. The pump ejection volume was adjusted to equal 1 time or 2 times the @entity64 volume of the @entity235 . A 20-ml ejection led to an 11% reduction in left atrial pressure, an 11% reduction in peak left ventricular pressure, and a 20% reduction in tension time index (all, p less than .05 at a mean arterial pressure of 80 mm Hg). Systolic shortening (ultrasonic crystals) increased by 5% (p less than .05 at a mean arterial pressure of 80 mm Hg). A 40-ml pump ejection led to an 11% reduction in mean left atrial pressure, a 17% reduction in peak left ventricular pressure, and a 21% reduction in tension time index (all, p less than .05 at a mean arterial pressure of 80 mm Hg). The systolic shortening increased by 15% (p less than .05). To assess the relative risk of @entity999 , albumin spheres (40 to 60 micrograms) labeled with @entity33863 were injected into the pump chamber in 5 @entity235 (40-ml ejection, 2.1 +/- 0.1 times the @entity235 's @entity64 volume).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: A valveless counterpulsation left ventricular assist pump in the descending aorta: hemodynamic benefit with a reduced risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral embolism']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valve malfunction']

answer: @entity999 :: (MESH:D020766,Disease) :: ['cerebral emboli']