abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity632 ( @entity3105 ) is an antitumor antibiotics used against @entity5 . But its @entity137 limits the therapy of @entity3105 . OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate @entity3105 @entity137 and the alteration of energy metabolism after short term and long term treatment. METHODS: Male @entity35 were randomly assigned to four groups: Short term control group, short term @entity3105 treatment group, long term control group and long term @entity3105 treatment group. In short term treated group, @entity35 were injected with @entity3105 i.p. at a dose of 2.5  mg/kg every 48  h for six equal injections. In long term, treated group, @entity35 were tail-intravenously injected with @entity3105 at a dose of 3  mg/kg once a week for four weeks. At the end of the experiment, histopathological changes, general blood biomarkers, endogenous antioxidant enzymes, cardiac energy metabolism and related mRNA expression of AMPK signal pathway were determined. RESULTS: @entity3105 induced prominent oxidative stress, a higher mortality rate, histological and ECG changes, obvious @entity1283 , @entity299 and @entity299 in short term treatment @entity35 . In long term treatment @entity35 , @entity3105 caused serious @entity8 and @entity299 , terrible @entity299 , clear alteration of substrate utilization and AMPK signal pathway. CONCLUSION: @entity3105 treatment can induce different damages after short term and long term treatment. In short term treatment group, @entity35 experienced a terrible mortality rate about 40%, the @entity299 , @entity299 and an early @entity712 which are potential connected with reduction of @entity413 utilization. In the long term treatment group, serious @entity8 and obvious changes of mRNA expressions of AMPK signal pathway were observed. Meanwhile, the serious @entity299 and substrate utilization alteration denote an obviously @entity712 . This study could be helpful to develop therapy strategies of @entity3105 complications for clinical application.

title: XXXX @entity137 changes myocardial energy metabolism in @entity35 .

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['Doxorubicin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity632 ( @entity3105 ) is an antitumor antibiotics used against @entity5 . But its @entity137 limits the therapy of @entity3105 . OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate @entity3105 @entity137 and the alteration of energy metabolism after short term and long term treatment. METHODS: Male @entity35 were randomly assigned to four groups: Short term control group, short term @entity3105 treatment group, long term control group and long term @entity3105 treatment group. In short term treated group, @entity35 were injected with @entity3105 i.p. at a dose of 2.5  mg/kg every 48  h for six equal injections. In long term, treated group, @entity35 were tail-intravenously injected with @entity3105 at a dose of 3  mg/kg once a week for four weeks. At the end of the experiment, histopathological changes, general blood biomarkers, endogenous antioxidant enzymes, cardiac energy metabolism and related mRNA expression of AMPK signal pathway were determined. RESULTS: @entity3105 induced prominent oxidative stress, a higher mortality rate, histological and ECG changes, obvious @entity1283 , @entity299 and @entity299 in short term treatment @entity35 . In long term treatment @entity35 , @entity3105 caused serious @entity8 and @entity299 , terrible @entity299 , clear alteration of substrate utilization and AMPK signal pathway. CONCLUSION: @entity3105 treatment can induce different damages after short term and long term treatment. In short term treatment group, @entity35 experienced a terrible mortality rate about 40%, the @entity299 , @entity299 and an early @entity712 which are potential connected with reduction of @entity413 utilization. In the long term treatment group, serious @entity8 and obvious changes of mRNA expressions of AMPK signal pathway were observed. Meanwhile, the serious @entity299 and substrate utilization alteration denote an obviously @entity712 . This study could be helpful to develop therapy strategies of @entity3105 complications for clinical application.

title: @entity632 @entity137 changes myocardial energy metabolism in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['acute cardiac damage', 'cardiac energy impairment', 'systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: PURPOSE: A keloid scar often appears at the incision site of @entity1 after median sternotomy. Use of @entity1346 gel to treat @entity2805 and fresh incisions has yielded encouraging results. In this study, we report our experience with the preventive use of @entity1346 gel sheets for @entity2318 after median sternotomy. METHODS: Nine @entity1 who underwent a median sternotomy were studied. A @entity1346 gel sheet was kept directly on the surgical incision for 24 h starting 2 weeks after surgery. The treatment was repeated with a new sheet every 4 weeks for 24 weeks, at which times the subjective symptoms and the changes in @entity2318 were determined. RESULTS: None of the @entity1 experienced an aggravation of any subjective symptoms during the 24-week study. After 24 weeks, all @entity1 were free of a keloid scar that showed a rise and contraction of skin and causes discomfort. No adverse events were reported by any of the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: A @entity1346 gel sheet is safe and effective for the preventing the formation of @entity2318 after median sternotomy.

title: Use of XXXX gel sheets for prevention of @entity2318 after median sternotomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['keloid scars']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity2805 :: ('MESH:D017439', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic burn scars']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: PURPOSE: A keloid scar often appears at the incision site of @entity1 after median sternotomy. Use of @entity1346 gel to treat @entity2805 and fresh incisions has yielded encouraging results. In this study, we report our experience with the preventive use of @entity1346 gel sheets for @entity2318 after median sternotomy. METHODS: Nine @entity1 who underwent a median sternotomy were studied. A @entity1346 gel sheet was kept directly on the surgical incision for 24 h starting 2 weeks after surgery. The treatment was repeated with a new sheet every 4 weeks for 24 weeks, at which times the subjective symptoms and the changes in @entity2318 were determined. RESULTS: None of the @entity1 experienced an aggravation of any subjective symptoms during the 24-week study. After 24 weeks, all @entity1 were free of a keloid scar that showed a rise and contraction of skin and causes discomfort. No adverse events were reported by any of the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: A @entity1346 gel sheet is safe and effective for the preventing the formation of @entity2318 after median sternotomy.

title: Use of @entity1346 gel sheets for prevention of XXXX after median sternotomy.

answer: @entity2318 :: (MESH:D002921,Disease) :: ['keloid scars']


abstract: In 1998, a amovie entitled "A Civil Action" was released. The movie described the Woburn case, begun in 1982 and concluded in 1990, one of the most famous cases of @entity4965 pollution. In a small town near Boston, twelve @entity1 died of @entity1778 , which seemed attributable to @entity4965 contamination of the drinking water. The victims, however, could not win the case, since evidence that the identified chemicals could cause @entity1778 and other @entity1 illnesses was rather sketchy. There have been many cases of @entity4965 pollution in industrial nations including Japan, therefore, we reconsidered the missing link. Our conclusion is that the disease occurred not by a direct effect of the chemical hazard on biological macromolecules but by an indirect effect through the physiological system such as signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. In 1984, we reported a marked reduction in the regulatory @entity1446 pool by @entity4965 exposure, however, the biological significance was not well understood. Recently, we found that the DNA binding activity of @entity7101 , a negative regulator of genes, is controlled by @entity1446 , the regulation of which seems to explain how @entity1778 develops. The heterodimer of @entity7101 with @entity42654 recognizes Maf recognition elements (MAREs) competing with the erythroid type positive regulator, a complex of @entity19360 with @entity42654 . @entity7101 / @entity42654 occupies MAREs under lower @entity1446 conditions, whereas MAREs are open to @entity19360 / @entity42654 along with increasing @entity1446 concentration. Since the @entity19360 / @entity42654 function is closely related to normal erythroid differentiation, of which disorders such as sideroblastic @entity417 are often related to @entity5 ; i.e., a @entity2214 that can progress to @entity1778 . Thus, a marked decline in regulatory @entity1446 by @entity4965 intoxication could be one of the pathways to @entity1778 .

title: Regulatory XXXX and @entity4965 intoxication: A possible explanation of the case of "A Civil Action".

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2214 :: ('MESH:D007945', 'Disease') :: ['clonal disorder']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity4965 :: ('MESH:D014241', 'Chemical') :: ['trichloroethylene']

answer: @entity1446 :: (MESH:D006418,Chemical) :: ['heme']


abstract: In 1998, a amovie entitled "A Civil Action" was released. The movie described the Woburn case, begun in 1982 and concluded in 1990, one of the most famous cases of @entity4965 pollution. In a small town near Boston, twelve @entity1 died of @entity1778 , which seemed attributable to @entity4965 contamination of the drinking water. The victims, however, could not win the case, since evidence that the identified chemicals could cause @entity1778 and other @entity1 illnesses was rather sketchy. There have been many cases of @entity4965 pollution in industrial nations including Japan, therefore, we reconsidered the missing link. Our conclusion is that the disease occurred not by a direct effect of the chemical hazard on biological macromolecules but by an indirect effect through the physiological system such as signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. In 1984, we reported a marked reduction in the regulatory @entity1446 pool by @entity4965 exposure, however, the biological significance was not well understood. Recently, we found that the DNA binding activity of @entity7101 , a negative regulator of genes, is controlled by @entity1446 , the regulation of which seems to explain how @entity1778 develops. The heterodimer of @entity7101 with @entity42654 recognizes Maf recognition elements (MAREs) competing with the erythroid type positive regulator, a complex of @entity19360 with @entity42654 . @entity7101 / @entity42654 occupies MAREs under lower @entity1446 conditions, whereas MAREs are open to @entity19360 / @entity42654 along with increasing @entity1446 concentration. Since the @entity19360 / @entity42654 function is closely related to normal erythroid differentiation, of which disorders such as sideroblastic @entity417 are often related to @entity5 ; i.e., a @entity2214 that can progress to @entity1778 . Thus, a marked decline in regulatory @entity1446 by @entity4965 intoxication could be one of the pathways to @entity1778 .

title: Regulatory @entity1446 and XXXX intoxication: A possible explanation of the case of "A Civil Action".

answer: @entity4965 :: (MESH:D014241,Chemical) :: ['trichloroethylene']


abstract: To allow adoption of serum pepsinogen as a screening indicator of @entity356 , serum @entity7597 _ II levels, the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and the serum @entity8243 levels in a general population were studied using 850 samples selected at random from a rural area in Japan. The collected data were analyzed statistically to determine the distribution characteristics by various categories of sex and age. The following results were obtained:1. The distributions of @entity7597 , the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and serum @entity8243 values largely deviated from the normal distribution. Therefore, the use of non-parametrical methods was recommended for analysis of these data.2. Although no significant difference between all selected @entity1 and all selected @entity1 was observed in any of the three parameters of @entity7597 and @entity7598 levels and the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 , a significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed for @entity7597 levels in under-fifty age groups. On the other hand, the median serum @entity8243 value (92.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 was significantly lower than that (101.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 . A statistically significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed in serum @entity8243 levels both in the under-forty age group and in the sixty and over age group.3. No significant difference was observed in the pattern of changes in @entity7597 levels with increasing age in either @entity1 or @entity1 . While @entity7598 levels in @entity1 varied irregularly with advancing age, @entity7598 levels in @entity1 showed obvious increases with advancing age. The ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 showed a tendency to decrease with advancing age in both @entity1 and women. Conversely, serum @entity8243 levels increased with advancing age in both @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Statistical analysis of serum @entity7597 ( @entity7597 ) and II ( @entity7598 ) levels, @entity7597 / @entity7598 ratios and serum XXXX levels in a general population.

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity7597 :: ('633', 'Gene') :: ['pepsinogen I', 'PG I and PG II', 'PG I']

answer: @entity8243 :: (2520,Gene) :: ['gastrin']


abstract: To allow adoption of serum pepsinogen as a screening indicator of @entity356 , serum @entity7597 _ II levels, the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and the serum @entity8243 levels in a general population were studied using 850 samples selected at random from a rural area in Japan. The collected data were analyzed statistically to determine the distribution characteristics by various categories of sex and age. The following results were obtained:1. The distributions of @entity7597 , the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and serum @entity8243 values largely deviated from the normal distribution. Therefore, the use of non-parametrical methods was recommended for analysis of these data.2. Although no significant difference between all selected @entity1 and all selected @entity1 was observed in any of the three parameters of @entity7597 and @entity7598 levels and the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 , a significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed for @entity7597 levels in under-fifty age groups. On the other hand, the median serum @entity8243 value (92.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 was significantly lower than that (101.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 . A statistically significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed in serum @entity8243 levels both in the under-forty age group and in the sixty and over age group.3. No significant difference was observed in the pattern of changes in @entity7597 levels with increasing age in either @entity1 or @entity1 . While @entity7598 levels in @entity1 varied irregularly with advancing age, @entity7598 levels in @entity1 showed obvious increases with advancing age. The ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 showed a tendency to decrease with advancing age in both @entity1 and women. Conversely, serum @entity8243 levels increased with advancing age in both @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Statistical analysis of serum XXXX ( @entity7597 ) and II ( @entity7598 ) levels, @entity7597 / @entity7598 ratios and serum @entity8243 levels in a general population.

answer: @entity7597 :: (633,Gene) :: ['pepsinogen I']


abstract: To allow adoption of serum pepsinogen as a screening indicator of @entity356 , serum @entity7597 _ II levels, the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and the serum @entity8243 levels in a general population were studied using 850 samples selected at random from a rural area in Japan. The collected data were analyzed statistically to determine the distribution characteristics by various categories of sex and age. The following results were obtained:1. The distributions of @entity7597 , the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and serum @entity8243 values largely deviated from the normal distribution. Therefore, the use of non-parametrical methods was recommended for analysis of these data.2. Although no significant difference between all selected @entity1 and all selected @entity1 was observed in any of the three parameters of @entity7597 and @entity7598 levels and the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 , a significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed for @entity7597 levels in under-fifty age groups. On the other hand, the median serum @entity8243 value (92.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 was significantly lower than that (101.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 . A statistically significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed in serum @entity8243 levels both in the under-forty age group and in the sixty and over age group.3. No significant difference was observed in the pattern of changes in @entity7597 levels with increasing age in either @entity1 or @entity1 . While @entity7598 levels in @entity1 varied irregularly with advancing age, @entity7598 levels in @entity1 showed obvious increases with advancing age. The ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 showed a tendency to decrease with advancing age in both @entity1 and women. Conversely, serum @entity8243 levels increased with advancing age in both @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Statistical analysis of serum @entity7597 ( XXXX ) and II ( @entity7598 ) levels, @entity7597 / @entity7598 ratios and serum @entity8243 levels in a general population.

answer: @entity7597 :: (633,Gene) :: ['PG I']


abstract: To allow adoption of serum pepsinogen as a screening indicator of @entity356 , serum @entity7597 _ II levels, the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and the serum @entity8243 levels in a general population were studied using 850 samples selected at random from a rural area in Japan. The collected data were analyzed statistically to determine the distribution characteristics by various categories of sex and age. The following results were obtained:1. The distributions of @entity7597 , the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and serum @entity8243 values largely deviated from the normal distribution. Therefore, the use of non-parametrical methods was recommended for analysis of these data.2. Although no significant difference between all selected @entity1 and all selected @entity1 was observed in any of the three parameters of @entity7597 and @entity7598 levels and the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 , a significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed for @entity7597 levels in under-fifty age groups. On the other hand, the median serum @entity8243 value (92.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 was significantly lower than that (101.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 . A statistically significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed in serum @entity8243 levels both in the under-forty age group and in the sixty and over age group.3. No significant difference was observed in the pattern of changes in @entity7597 levels with increasing age in either @entity1 or @entity1 . While @entity7598 levels in @entity1 varied irregularly with advancing age, @entity7598 levels in @entity1 showed obvious increases with advancing age. The ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 showed a tendency to decrease with advancing age in both @entity1 and women. Conversely, serum @entity8243 levels increased with advancing age in both @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Statistical analysis of serum @entity7597 ( @entity7597 ) and II ( @entity7598 ) levels, XXXX / @entity7598 ratios and serum @entity8243 levels in a general population.

answer: @entity7597 :: (633,Gene) :: ['PG I']


abstract: To allow adoption of serum pepsinogen as a screening indicator of @entity356 , serum @entity7597 _ II levels, the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and the serum @entity8243 levels in a general population were studied using 850 samples selected at random from a rural area in Japan. The collected data were analyzed statistically to determine the distribution characteristics by various categories of sex and age. The following results were obtained:1. The distributions of @entity7597 , the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and serum @entity8243 values largely deviated from the normal distribution. Therefore, the use of non-parametrical methods was recommended for analysis of these data.2. Although no significant difference between all selected @entity1 and all selected @entity1 was observed in any of the three parameters of @entity7597 and @entity7598 levels and the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 , a significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed for @entity7597 levels in under-fifty age groups. On the other hand, the median serum @entity8243 value (92.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 was significantly lower than that (101.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 . A statistically significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed in serum @entity8243 levels both in the under-forty age group and in the sixty and over age group.3. No significant difference was observed in the pattern of changes in @entity7597 levels with increasing age in either @entity1 or @entity1 . While @entity7598 levels in @entity1 varied irregularly with advancing age, @entity7598 levels in @entity1 showed obvious increases with advancing age. The ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 showed a tendency to decrease with advancing age in both @entity1 and women. Conversely, serum @entity8243 levels increased with advancing age in both @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Statistical analysis of serum @entity7597 ( @entity7597 ) and II ( XXXX ) levels, @entity7597 / @entity7598 ratios and serum @entity8243 levels in a general population.

answer: @entity7598 :: (5225,Gene) :: ['PG II']


abstract: To allow adoption of serum pepsinogen as a screening indicator of @entity356 , serum @entity7597 _ II levels, the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and the serum @entity8243 levels in a general population were studied using 850 samples selected at random from a rural area in Japan. The collected data were analyzed statistically to determine the distribution characteristics by various categories of sex and age. The following results were obtained:1. The distributions of @entity7597 , the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 and serum @entity8243 values largely deviated from the normal distribution. Therefore, the use of non-parametrical methods was recommended for analysis of these data.2. Although no significant difference between all selected @entity1 and all selected @entity1 was observed in any of the three parameters of @entity7597 and @entity7598 levels and the ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 , a significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed for @entity7597 levels in under-fifty age groups. On the other hand, the median serum @entity8243 value (92.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 was significantly lower than that (101.0 pg/ml) in all selected @entity1 . A statistically significant difference between @entity1 and @entity1 was observed in serum @entity8243 levels both in the under-forty age group and in the sixty and over age group.3. No significant difference was observed in the pattern of changes in @entity7597 levels with increasing age in either @entity1 or @entity1 . While @entity7598 levels in @entity1 varied irregularly with advancing age, @entity7598 levels in @entity1 showed obvious increases with advancing age. The ratios of @entity7597 / @entity7598 showed a tendency to decrease with advancing age in both @entity1 and women. Conversely, serum @entity8243 levels increased with advancing age in both @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Statistical analysis of serum @entity7597 ( @entity7597 ) and II ( @entity7598 ) levels, @entity7597 / XXXX ratios and serum @entity8243 levels in a general population.

answer: @entity7598 :: (5225,Gene) :: ['PG II']


abstract: @entity3261 and A. rhizogenes transport single-stranded DNA (ssDNA; T-strands) and virulence proteins into plant cells through a type IV secretion system. DNA transfer initiates when @entity66611 nicks border sequences in the @entity5 -inducing plasmid, attaches to the 5' end, and pilots T-strands into plant cells. @entity3261 translocates ssDNA-binding protein @entity60767 into plant cells where it targets T-strands into the nucleus. Some A. rhizogenes strains lack @entity60767 but transfer T-strands efficiently due to the GALLS gene, which complements an A. tumefaciens @entity60767 mutant. @entity60767 and full-length GALLS (GALLS-FL) contain nuclear localization sequences that target these proteins to the plant cell nucleus. @entity60767 binds cooperatively to T-strands allowing it to move ssDNA without @entity855 hydrolysis. Unlike @entity60767 , GALLS-FL contains @entity855 -binding and helicase motifs similar to those in TraA, a strand transferase involved in conjugation. @entity60767 may accumulate in the nucleus and pull T-strands into the nucleus using the force generated by cooperative DNA binding. GALLS-FL accumulates inside the nucleus where its predicted @entity855 -dependent strand transferase may pull T-strands into the nucleus. These different mechanisms for nuclear import of T-strands may affect the efficiency and quality of transgenic events in plant biotechnology applications.

title: XXXX and A. rhizogenes use different proteins to transport bacterial DNA into the plant cell nucleus.

entities_list: @entity3261 :: ('358', 'Species') :: ['Agrobacterium tumefaciens']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity3261 :: (358,Species) :: ['Agrobacterium tumefaciens']


abstract: Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced risks of certain @entity5 and other diseases in observational studies and animal models of @entity1 diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether feeding of @entity35 with whole raw apple has potentially chemopreventive properties by affecting markers of @entity694 . The end-point was preneoplastic changes in the colon known as @entity18432 ( @entity18432 ). @entity35 initiated with the colon carcinogen @entity20132 ( @entity18399 ) were given 0, 5, or 10 g apple/day for 13 wk. The group fed 5 g apple but not 10 g had a significantly lower number of @entity18432 (P = 0.009) compared to the initiated control. DNA damage evaluated by the comet assay was significantly increased in leucocytes of DMH-treated animals (P = 0.021). No antigenotoxic effect of apple feeding was apparent in the colon. Apple feeding tended to lower DNA damage in the liver (P = 0.136 in DMH-initiated and P = 0.284 in noninitiated @entity35 ). Liver @entity493 aminotransferase was significantly increased in @entity35 fed apples (P = 0.008 in DMH-initiated and P = 0.019 in noninitiated @entity35 ). In conclusion, feeding whole fresh apple may affect the occurrence of preneoplastic changes in the @entity35 colon, but the effect was not gradual.

title: The effect of apple feeding on markers of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity18432 :: ('MESH:D058739', 'Disease') :: ['aberrant crypt foci', 'ACF']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity20132 :: ('CHEBI:73759', 'Chemical') :: ['1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon carcinogenesis']


abstract: Primary @entity1352 of the heart is very rare, accounting for 5% of @entity299 . Of the few cases reported in the literature to date, nearly all have had a very poor outcome. We present a further case. This uncommon @entity5 has no specific symptoms during its development, which results in delayed diagnosis. Echocardiography, chest computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging can provide effective information about this @entity5 . With the identification of the characteristic and diagnostic @entity2008 t(X; 18), this @entity5 will become increasingly recognized. @entity1352 of the heart requires surgical intervention to improve the prognosis. Adjuvant and/or genetic therapy pre- or postoperation can help prolong life. Chemotherapy is usually recommended as it may benefit the @entity1 . The key to treatment in the future is to find new therapeutic agents. Further elucidation of the effects of this @entity2008 may lead to better-directed therapies in future.

title: Primary XXXX of the heart.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma', 'Synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac malignancies']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormality']

answer: @entity1352 :: (MESH:D013584,Disease) :: ['synovial sarcoma']


abstract: In @entity1 @entity1188 in the mesial and anterior regions of the thalami are frequently associated with @entity2730 . In this review paper, we scrutinized 41 papers published between 1983 and 2009 that provided data on a total of 83 @entity1 with the critical @entity2806 (i.e. 17 @entity1 with right-sided lesions, 25 with left-sided lesions and 41 with bilateral lesions). We aimed to find answers to the following questions concerning the vascular @entity9479 : (i) Which qualitative pattern of @entity2414 (and associated cognitive and @entity146 ) do these @entity1 present? (ii) Which lesioned intrathalamic structures are primarily responsible for the @entity2730 ? (iii) Are the recollection and familiarity components of declarative memory underlain by the same or by different thalamic structures? Results of the review indicate that, similar to @entity1 with @entity2730 due to mesio-temporal lobe damage, @entity1 with vascular thalamic @entity2730 display a prevalent deficit of declarative anterograde long-term memory, a less consistent deficit of declarative retrograde long-term memory and substantially spared short-term and implicit memory. Unlike mesio-temporal lobe @entity1 , however, vascular thalamic amnesics often present @entity146 similar to those observed in @entity1 with frontal damage. The presence of an @entity2730 in @entity1 with thalamic @entity1188 is strongly predicted by involvement of the mammillo-thalamic tract, which connects the anterior nuclei complex to the hippocampus proper via the fornix and the mammillary bodies. Finally, data reported in a few single cases provide support for the hypothesis that thalamic regions connected to distinct areas of the mesio-temporal lobe play differential roles in recollection and familiarity processes. The mammillo-thalamic tract/anterior nuclei axis seems primarily implicated in recollective processes, whereas the ventroamygdalofugal pathway/medio-dorsal axis primarily underlies familiarity processes.

title: Vascular thalamic XXXX : a reappraisal.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesions']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['dysexecutive and behavioral deficits', 'behavioral deficits']

entities_list: @entity2730 :: ('MESH:D000647', 'Disease') :: ['amnesic syndrome', 'amnesia', 'amnesic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity9479 :: ('MESH:D013786', 'Disease') :: ['thalamic amnesia syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['lacunar infarcts']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

answer: @entity2730 :: (MESH:D000647,Disease) :: ['amnesia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Since the concept of @entity392 dopaminergic pathway emerged, studies have been proposed to investigate if dopaminergic agents influence @entity392 . We hypothesized that @entity399 , an agonist on D2/D3 receptors, may antagonize @entity392 in the @entity26811 @entity1 (in the frequency range of 250 to 8,000 Hz) in a dose schedule accepted for the treatment of @entity191 in elderly @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: We designed a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled and double-blind trial. METHODS: Forty @entity26811 @entity1 aged 50 years or older with subjective @entity392 were randomized to two groups (20 @entity1 in both). @entity1 in the drug group took @entity399 over a period of 4 weeks according to a treatment schedule as follows: week 1, 0.088 mg t.i.d.; week 2, 0.18 mg t.i.d.; week 3, 0.7 mg t.i.d.; week 4, 0.18 mg t.i.d. over 3 days and 0.088 mg t.i.d. the rest of the week. @entity1 in the second group received placebo. Determination of subjective grading of @entity392 , the @entity1032 inventory (THI) questionnaire and electrocochleography (ECOG) examinations served as the end points. Subjective audiometry was used to produce secondary data. A significant improvement in @entity392 annoyance is found in the group treated with @entity399 versus placebo with respect to @entity392 and a @entity392 greater than 30 dB. However, neither ECOG nor subjective pure-tone threshold audiometry revealed any change in hearing threshold in response to either @entity399 or placebo. CONCLUSIONS: @entity399 is an effective agent against subjective @entity392 associated with @entity26811 at a dose schedule used for the treatment of @entity191 . The drug did not change hearing threshold.

title: Tinnitus control by dopamine agonist XXXX in @entity26811 @entity1 : a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus handicap']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus', 'tinnitus perception', 'inhibition of tinnitus', 'decrease of tinnitus loudness']

entities_list: @entity399 :: ('MESH:C061333', 'Chemical') :: ['Pramipexole', 'pramipexole']

entities_list: @entity26811 :: ('MESH:D011304', 'Disease') :: ['presbycusis']

answer: @entity399 :: (MESH:C061333,Chemical) :: ['pramipexole']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Since the concept of @entity392 dopaminergic pathway emerged, studies have been proposed to investigate if dopaminergic agents influence @entity392 . We hypothesized that @entity399 , an agonist on D2/D3 receptors, may antagonize @entity392 in the @entity26811 @entity1 (in the frequency range of 250 to 8,000 Hz) in a dose schedule accepted for the treatment of @entity191 in elderly @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: We designed a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled and double-blind trial. METHODS: Forty @entity26811 @entity1 aged 50 years or older with subjective @entity392 were randomized to two groups (20 @entity1 in both). @entity1 in the drug group took @entity399 over a period of 4 weeks according to a treatment schedule as follows: week 1, 0.088 mg t.i.d.; week 2, 0.18 mg t.i.d.; week 3, 0.7 mg t.i.d.; week 4, 0.18 mg t.i.d. over 3 days and 0.088 mg t.i.d. the rest of the week. @entity1 in the second group received placebo. Determination of subjective grading of @entity392 , the @entity1032 inventory (THI) questionnaire and electrocochleography (ECOG) examinations served as the end points. Subjective audiometry was used to produce secondary data. A significant improvement in @entity392 annoyance is found in the group treated with @entity399 versus placebo with respect to @entity392 and a @entity392 greater than 30 dB. However, neither ECOG nor subjective pure-tone threshold audiometry revealed any change in hearing threshold in response to either @entity399 or placebo. CONCLUSIONS: @entity399 is an effective agent against subjective @entity392 associated with @entity26811 at a dose schedule used for the treatment of @entity191 . The drug did not change hearing threshold.

title: Tinnitus control by dopamine agonist @entity399 in XXXX @entity1 : a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.

answer: @entity26811 :: (MESH:D011304,Disease) :: ['presbycusis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Since the concept of @entity392 dopaminergic pathway emerged, studies have been proposed to investigate if dopaminergic agents influence @entity392 . We hypothesized that @entity399 , an agonist on D2/D3 receptors, may antagonize @entity392 in the @entity26811 @entity1 (in the frequency range of 250 to 8,000 Hz) in a dose schedule accepted for the treatment of @entity191 in elderly @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: We designed a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled and double-blind trial. METHODS: Forty @entity26811 @entity1 aged 50 years or older with subjective @entity392 were randomized to two groups (20 @entity1 in both). @entity1 in the drug group took @entity399 over a period of 4 weeks according to a treatment schedule as follows: week 1, 0.088 mg t.i.d.; week 2, 0.18 mg t.i.d.; week 3, 0.7 mg t.i.d.; week 4, 0.18 mg t.i.d. over 3 days and 0.088 mg t.i.d. the rest of the week. @entity1 in the second group received placebo. Determination of subjective grading of @entity392 , the @entity1032 inventory (THI) questionnaire and electrocochleography (ECOG) examinations served as the end points. Subjective audiometry was used to produce secondary data. A significant improvement in @entity392 annoyance is found in the group treated with @entity399 versus placebo with respect to @entity392 and a @entity392 greater than 30 dB. However, neither ECOG nor subjective pure-tone threshold audiometry revealed any change in hearing threshold in response to either @entity399 or placebo. CONCLUSIONS: @entity399 is an effective agent against subjective @entity392 associated with @entity26811 at a dose schedule used for the treatment of @entity191 . The drug did not change hearing threshold.

title: Tinnitus control by dopamine agonist @entity399 in @entity26811 XXXX : a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Extracranial @entity1914 are uncommon @entity455 . Even with conservative management complications can arise, such as delayed cerebral @entity887 due to flow-limitation. Though endovascular therapy can be curative, literature demonstrating a preferred technique is scant. Our goal was to evaluate the use of one technique only - the deployment of overlapping self-expandable porous stents - to treat a series of extracranial @entity1914 . METHODS: From 2008 to 2014, 14 consecutive cases of symptomatic extracranial @entity1914 were managed with single or multi-layer porous stents at our institution. Each @entity1 underwent a standardized angiographic follow-up at 6 months. Twelve @entity1 also received a follow-up CT angiogram at 12 months, and yearly thereafter (median radiographic follow-up = 38 months). The total clinical follow-up period ranged between 6 and 69 months (median = 46 months). RESULTS: In our series, each of the extracranial @entity1914 appeared to be the result of carotid artery dissection with associated @entity543 at the origin of every @entity2849 . Endovascular treatment consisted of one to three layers of self-expandable porous stents placed without balloon angioplasty. Immediate post-stenting angiographic images were notable for stagnant opacification of the @entity2849 through the stent(s). All @entity2849 were completely obliterated by the 6-month follow-up angiogram and remained so throughout the radiographic follow-up period. Complications were minimal, consisting of one @entity1 developing a mild post-treatment @entity4820 that resolved during clinical follow-up. CONCLUSION: Extracranial @entity1914 can be successfully obliterated with the use of porous, self-expandable stents alone.

title: Efficacy of a Self-Expandable Porous Stent as the Sole Curative Treatment for Extracranial Carotid XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolization or symptoms']

entities_list: @entity4820 :: ('MESH:D006732', 'Disease') :: ["Horner's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1914 :: ('MESH:D020212', 'Disease') :: ['carotid pseudoaneurysms']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm', 'pseudoaneurysms']

answer: @entity2849 :: (MESH:D017541,Disease) :: ['Pseudoaneurysms']


abstract: In spite of recent advances in knowledge concerning the detailed biochemistry of @entity1003 , the diagnosis of @entity132 remains an important problem of clinical judgement in many instances. Laboratory support relies initially on a series of screening tests designed to investigate the general nature of @entity4461 . Recent interest in these aspects is centred on standardization and quality assurance of methods and results. Procedures have been recommended in an attempt to unify data. Several aspects of conventional laboratory investigations have been modified and the reliability of diagnostic information has been improved. Some relatively recent findings have extended the application to coagulation studies. For example, the discovery of protein C, a potent physiological inhibitor of @entity1003 , has clarified the nature of the @entity4461 in some @entity1 with @entity715 . In addition, close analysis of plasma from @entity1 with @entity1252 has stimulated interest in the association between the haemostatic, neurological and @entity1200 recorded in these @entity1 . More recently, sophisticated techniques for the diagnosis of @entity3459 factor defects have been developed. Carrier detection of the @entity1112 is undertaken widely with reasonable success and reliable prenatal diagnosis procedures have been established in specialized centres. Unequivocal information regarding the diagnosis of carrier status in some families is obtained by the use of gene analysis and linked polymorphisms. Precise details of the genes for several clotting factors have been recorded. Future development in this field is likely to improve the clinical course of many @entity3459 .

title: Laboratory support in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['haemostatic disturbances']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['sex-linked disorders']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation disorders', 'many coagulation']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['blood clotting', 'clotting disorder']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary thrombosis disease']

answer: @entity3459 :: (MESH:D025861,Disease) :: ['coagulation disorders']


abstract: The face is a common localization for @entity272 . Mohs surgery or delayed Mohs surgery are considered the gold standard of treatment despite new drug developments. We analyzed our @entity1 files over a three-year period. Only large @entity154 >= 3 cm in diameter after complete @entity5 removal were considered. Twenty @entity1 (9 @entity1 and 11 @entity1 ) were found, with a mean age of 83.6 years. The following @entity5 entities were responsible for large defects: basal and @entity957 , @entity320 , @entity3852 , @entity1389 , and @entity5426 . Surgery was performed in all cases using regional or local anesthesia. Defect repair was done using linear sutures (n=1), skin grafts (n=1), and flaps (n=18). The various types of repair are illustrated in this review, advantages and limitations of each type of repair are discussed. @entity1 satisfaction was high. Complications or adverse events were rare. The need for repair of large @entity154 after @entity5 surgery is not uncommon. Careful planning and the use of a number of techniques allows a tailored approach for each @entity1 .

title: Reconstruction of Large XXXX after Delayed Mohs Surgery for Skin Cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial defects']

entities_list: @entity3852 :: ('MESH:D015266', 'Disease') :: ['Merkel cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1389 :: ('MESH:C566823', 'Disease') :: ['atypical fibroxanthoma']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5426 :: ('MESH:D006394', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous angiosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin malignancies']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['Facial Defects']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Postpartum @entity548 (PPH) rates continue to rise in the developed world. A recent study found that any skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding within 30min of birth was associated with an almost 50% reduction in PPH rates. Improved @entity398 release is the biological reason proposed to explain this. The combination of skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding within 30min of birth is termed 'Pronurturance'. Midwifery theory and research claims that optimal third stage care is more holistic than simple Pronurturnace which suggests that further reductions in PPH rates may be possible. QUESTION: What can midwives and @entity1 do to minimise @entity190 in the third and fourth stages of labour? METHOD: We present a new theory that describes and explains how to optimise the @entity1 's reproductive psychophysiology in the third and fourth stages of labour to ensure a well contracted uterus which inhibits excessive @entity548 regardless of risk status or whether active management was used. In developing the Pronurturance Plus theory we expand upon what is already known about @entity398 in relation to simple pronurturance to integrate concepts from birth territory theory, @entity73 , mindfulness psychology and the autonomic nervous system to develop an holistic understanding of how to optimise care and minimise PPH. CONCLUSION: Pronurturance Plus is a psycho-biologically grounded theory which is consistent with existing evidence. It is free, natural and socially desirable.

title: Pronurturance Plus at birth: A risk reduction strategy for preventing postpartum XXXX .

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive neuroscience']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['haemorrhage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) become an appealing source for regenerative medicine. However, with the multi-passage or cryopreservation for large-scale growth procedures in terms of preclinical and clinical purposes, hASCs often reveal defective cell viability, which is a major obstacle for cell therapy. In our study, the effects of induced pluripotent stem cells-derived conditioned medium (iPS-CM) on the proliferation and anti-apoptosis in hASCs were investigated. hASCs at passage 1 were identified by the analysis of typical surface antigens with flow cytometry assay and adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. The effect of iPS-CM on the proliferation in hASCs was analyzed by cell cycle assay and Ki67/P27 quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The effect of iPS-CM on the anti-apoptosis of hASCs irradiated by 468  J/m(2) of ultraviolet C was investigated by @entity4404 / @entity2667 analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, intracellular reactive @entity26 species assay, Western blotting and caspase activity assays. The effect of iPS-CM on the surface antigen expressions of hASCs was analyzed using flow cytometry assay. The levels of Activin A and @entity540 in culture supernatant of hASCs with different treatments were also detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. iPS-CM promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of hASCs. This discovery demonstrates that iPS-CM might be used as one of the available means to overcome the propagation obstacle for hASCs and make for large-scale growth procedures in terms of preclinical and clinical purposes.

title: Effects of induced pluripotent stem cells-derived conditioned medium on the proliferation and anti-apoptosis of XXXX adipose-derived stem cells.

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined whether @entity121 is impaired with a low @entity1735 diet formulated to elicit @entity1270 (LCKD) versus a mixed-macronutrient @entity8928 ( @entity8928 ). Male @entity35 (9-10 weeks of age, 300-325 g) were provided isoenergetic amounts of a LCKD or a @entity8928 for 6 weeks. In @entity72677 , basal serum and gastrocnemius assessments were performed. In @entity7949 , @entity35 were resistance-exercised for one bout and were euthanized 90-270 min following exercise for gastrocnemius analyses. In AIM 3, @entity35 voluntarily-exercised daily using resistance-loaded running wheels, and hind limb muscles were analyzed for @entity1184 markers at the end of the 6 week protocol. In @entity72677 , basal levels of gastrocnemius phosphorylated (p)-rps6, p-4EBP1 and p-AMPKa were similar between diets, although serum insulin (P<0.01), serum @entity413 (P<0.001), and several essential @entity3689 levels (P<0.05) were lower in LCKD-fed @entity35 . In @entity7949 , LCKD- and @entity8928 -fed @entity35 exhibited increased post-exercise muscle protein synthesis (MPS) levels (P<0.0125), but no diet effect was observed (P=0.59). In AIM 3, chronically exercise-trained LCKD- and @entity8928 -fed @entity35 presented similar increases in relative hind limb muscle masses compared to their sedentary counterparts (12-24%, p<0.05), but there was no between-diet effects. Importantly, the LCKD induced 'mild' nutritional @entity1270 , as the LCKD-fed @entity35 in @entity7949 exhibited ~1.5-fold greater serum @entity4322 levels relative to @entity8928 -fed @entity35 (diet effect P=0.003). This study demonstrates that the tested LCKD in rodents, while only eliciting mild nutritional @entity1270 , does not impair the acute or chronic skeletal muscle @entity1184 responses to resistance exercise.

title: A putative ketogenic diet elicits mild nutritional XXXX but does not impair the acute or chronic @entity1184 responses to resistance exercise in rodents.

entities_list: @entity8928 :: ('MESH:D020241', 'Disease') :: ['Western diet', 'WD']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy', 'hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity4322 :: ('MESH:D020155', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['acute and/or chronic skeletal muscle anabolism']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1270 :: (MESH:D007662,Disease) :: ['ketosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined whether @entity121 is impaired with a low @entity1735 diet formulated to elicit @entity1270 (LCKD) versus a mixed-macronutrient @entity8928 ( @entity8928 ). Male @entity35 (9-10 weeks of age, 300-325 g) were provided isoenergetic amounts of a LCKD or a @entity8928 for 6 weeks. In @entity72677 , basal serum and gastrocnemius assessments were performed. In @entity7949 , @entity35 were resistance-exercised for one bout and were euthanized 90-270 min following exercise for gastrocnemius analyses. In AIM 3, @entity35 voluntarily-exercised daily using resistance-loaded running wheels, and hind limb muscles were analyzed for @entity1184 markers at the end of the 6 week protocol. In @entity72677 , basal levels of gastrocnemius phosphorylated (p)-rps6, p-4EBP1 and p-AMPKa were similar between diets, although serum insulin (P<0.01), serum @entity413 (P<0.001), and several essential @entity3689 levels (P<0.05) were lower in LCKD-fed @entity35 . In @entity7949 , LCKD- and @entity8928 -fed @entity35 exhibited increased post-exercise muscle protein synthesis (MPS) levels (P<0.0125), but no diet effect was observed (P=0.59). In AIM 3, chronically exercise-trained LCKD- and @entity8928 -fed @entity35 presented similar increases in relative hind limb muscle masses compared to their sedentary counterparts (12-24%, p<0.05), but there was no between-diet effects. Importantly, the LCKD induced 'mild' nutritional @entity1270 , as the LCKD-fed @entity35 in @entity7949 exhibited ~1.5-fold greater serum @entity4322 levels relative to @entity8928 -fed @entity35 (diet effect P=0.003). This study demonstrates that the tested LCKD in rodents, while only eliciting mild nutritional @entity1270 , does not impair the acute or chronic skeletal muscle @entity1184 responses to resistance exercise.

title: A putative ketogenic diet elicits mild nutritional @entity1270 but does not impair the acute or chronic XXXX responses to resistance exercise in rodents.

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['hypertrophic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and the safety of our rapid detoxificationprotocol in preventing signs and symptoms of withdrawal and @entity158 severity. DESIGN: Prospective, open-label case series study. SETTINGS: Public primary care at the @entity158 and Palliative Care Unit of the Infermi Hospital of Rimini, Italy. @entity1 : The authors studied 10 consecutive @entity1 suffering from chronic noncancer @entity158 who were refractory to intrathecal (IT) @entity1286 , and hence indicated for @entity28585 therapy. INTERVENTIONS: IT pump was refilled with saline solution, and each @entity1 received endovenous @entity1286 , oral @entity1338 , @entity7988 , and @entity2934 for the first 3 days, and slow-release @entity1340 , oral @entity1338 , and @entity7988 for 10 days. @entity28585 therapy was started at the end of the 2-week detoxification treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The observer-rated opioid withdrawal scale (OOWS) was used for the assessment of @entity3347 , visual analogue scale was used for @entity158 intensity assessment, and also adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: @entity3347 were experienced by 3 @entity1 (30 percent). Their average OOWS decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 4.3 +/- 2.5 to 1.7 +/- 0.6 at days 3 and 14 of protocol, respectively, with no increment of @entity158 intensity. @entity3347 were resolved in 4 days on average without the need of adjuvant medications. One @entity1 with high @entity1286 dosage (20 mg/d), interestingly, did not show any @entity3347 . CONCLUSIONS: The detoxification protocol was effective in preventing @entity3347 without increasing @entity158 severity, allowing to rapidly convert IT @entity1286 to @entity28585 monotherapy in @entity1 who are refractory to @entity1286 .

title: @entity28585 : A rapid detoxification protocol for the conversion from intrathecal XXXX --the Raffaeli Detoxification Model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity3347 :: ('MESH:D013375', 'Disease') :: ['Withdrawal symptoms', 'withdrawal signs', 'withdrawal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity28585 :: ('MESH:C078452', 'Chemical') :: ['ziconotide', 'Ziconotide']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity2934 :: ('MESH:D008140', 'Chemical') :: ['lorazepam']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and the safety of our rapid detoxificationprotocol in preventing signs and symptoms of withdrawal and @entity158 severity. DESIGN: Prospective, open-label case series study. SETTINGS: Public primary care at the @entity158 and Palliative Care Unit of the Infermi Hospital of Rimini, Italy. @entity1 : The authors studied 10 consecutive @entity1 suffering from chronic noncancer @entity158 who were refractory to intrathecal (IT) @entity1286 , and hence indicated for @entity28585 therapy. INTERVENTIONS: IT pump was refilled with saline solution, and each @entity1 received endovenous @entity1286 , oral @entity1338 , @entity7988 , and @entity2934 for the first 3 days, and slow-release @entity1340 , oral @entity1338 , and @entity7988 for 10 days. @entity28585 therapy was started at the end of the 2-week detoxification treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The observer-rated opioid withdrawal scale (OOWS) was used for the assessment of @entity3347 , visual analogue scale was used for @entity158 intensity assessment, and also adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: @entity3347 were experienced by 3 @entity1 (30 percent). Their average OOWS decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 4.3 +/- 2.5 to 1.7 +/- 0.6 at days 3 and 14 of protocol, respectively, with no increment of @entity158 intensity. @entity3347 were resolved in 4 days on average without the need of adjuvant medications. One @entity1 with high @entity1286 dosage (20 mg/d), interestingly, did not show any @entity3347 . CONCLUSIONS: The detoxification protocol was effective in preventing @entity3347 without increasing @entity158 severity, allowing to rapidly convert IT @entity1286 to @entity28585 monotherapy in @entity1 who are refractory to @entity1286 .

title: XXXX : A rapid detoxification protocol for the conversion from intrathecal @entity1286 --the Raffaeli Detoxification Model.

answer: @entity28585 :: (MESH:C078452,Chemical) :: ['Ziconotide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity547 ( @entity547 ) and Roux limb compression (RC) are recognized complications after retrocolic laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for @entity28 . The aim of the present study was to systematically identify the surgical technical errors leading to these complications. METHODS: An observational clinical @entity1 reliability assessment approach was used to analyze the operating videos of 3 groups: an @entity547 group (n = 12), a Roux compression group (n = 13), and a control group (no complications, n = 21). Two investigators, unaware of the outcomes, reviewed all videos, using special rating software. All errors were categorized using the external error mode system and further described if a direct consequential error (e.g., @entity548 ) was found. RESULTS: An analysis of data showed that, on average, more errors occurred in the complication groups than in the control group ( @entity547 5.85, Roux compression 3.54, control .90, P < .001). The strongest differences were found for missing intermesenteric stitches on both sides of the Roux limb. Logistic regression analysis showed that a missed stitch between the mesentery of the Roux limb and the transverse mesocolon was an independent predictor for @entity547 (B = 1.727, P = .025). No technical or consequential errors could be identified as responsible for RC. CONCLUSION: The observational clinical @entity1 reliability analysis is a useful method to identify operative failure. For retrocolic, retrogastric laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, a systematic approach for the closure of the transverse mesenteric window might prevent @entity532 .

title: Root cause analysis of internal hernia and Roux limb compression after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass using observational clinical XXXX reliability assessment.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['IH complications']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['IH', 'Internal hernia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: A prospective randomised trial was performed on 100 @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting without concomitant procedure. The study group commenced oral @entity1855 40 mg three times daily on the first post-operative day while the control group received no antiarrhythmic agents. The pre-operative characteristics of both groups were similar with the exception of the incidence of @entity407 which was greater in the @entity1855 group (P = 0.04). Myocardial protection was achieved with @entity5032 . Cardiopulmonary bypass times, aortic cross clamp times and graft numbers were similar for both groups. Nine @entity1 were excluded on the first post-operative day; the remainder were studied for 8 days. @entity4710 ( @entity955 , @entity956 or paroxysmal @entity4710 ) were detected in 8 @entity1 in the study group (n = 44) and in 5 @entity1 in the control group (n = 47). The difference was not significant (P = 0.3). The ventricular rate in @entity1 taking @entity1855 who developed @entity4710 was 138 +/- 14.9 compared with 156.8 +/- 17.9 in the control group, but the difference failed to reach significant levels (P = 0.065). In conclusion, prophylactic oral @entity1855 40 mg given three times daily after coronary artery surgery failed to decrease the incidence of post-operative @entity4710 or to significantly influence the ventricular rate if @entity591 developed.

title: Oral XXXX fails to prevent @entity4710 following coronary artery surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5032 :: ('MESH:C569627', 'Disease') :: ['cold crystalloid cardioplegia']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia', 'Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias']

answer: @entity1855 :: (MESH:D014700,Chemical) :: ['verapamil']


abstract: A prospective randomised trial was performed on 100 @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting without concomitant procedure. The study group commenced oral @entity1855 40 mg three times daily on the first post-operative day while the control group received no antiarrhythmic agents. The pre-operative characteristics of both groups were similar with the exception of the incidence of @entity407 which was greater in the @entity1855 group (P = 0.04). Myocardial protection was achieved with @entity5032 . Cardiopulmonary bypass times, aortic cross clamp times and graft numbers were similar for both groups. Nine @entity1 were excluded on the first post-operative day; the remainder were studied for 8 days. @entity4710 ( @entity955 , @entity956 or paroxysmal @entity4710 ) were detected in 8 @entity1 in the study group (n = 44) and in 5 @entity1 in the control group (n = 47). The difference was not significant (P = 0.3). The ventricular rate in @entity1 taking @entity1855 who developed @entity4710 was 138 +/- 14.9 compared with 156.8 +/- 17.9 in the control group, but the difference failed to reach significant levels (P = 0.065). In conclusion, prophylactic oral @entity1855 40 mg given three times daily after coronary artery surgery failed to decrease the incidence of post-operative @entity4710 or to significantly influence the ventricular rate if @entity591 developed.

title: Oral @entity1855 fails to prevent XXXX following coronary artery surgery.

answer: @entity4710 :: (MESH:D013617,Disease) :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1625 ( @entity1625 ) is established as a minimally invasive nephron-sparing technique with excellent perioperative and intermediate oncologic outcomes. However, long-term oncologic outcomes have not been reported to date. OBJECTIVE: To report long-term oncologic outcomes of @entity1625 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Consecutive @entity1 undergoing @entity1625 from June 2006 to March 2010 were selected from our prospective @entity1625 database. @entity1 with @entity5 , prior @entity6841 , or prior radical nephrectomy and those with follow-up of <1 mo were excluded. INTERVENTION: Transperitoneal @entity1625 . OUTCOMES MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Demographic, perioperative, and postoperative data were analyzed. Overall survival (OS), @entity5 -specific survival (CSS) were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Univariate logistic regression analysis for overall mortality was performed to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) for variables of interest. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: In total, 115 RPNs for @entity1358 were performed in 110 @entity1 . The mean age was 59.8  11.0 yr and the median age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) was 4 (interquartile range [IQR] 3-5). The median @entity5 size was 2.6cm (IQR 2.0-3.7) and median RENAL score was 7 (IQR 6-9). @entity1358 was present in 67.8% of cases, and two cases (1.7%) had positive surgical margins. Glomerular filtration rate preservation was 87.8% (IQR 74.9-98.1), which translates to 19.1% chronic @entity8 upstaging. The median follow-up was 61.9 mo (IQR 50.9-71.4) and the 5-yr OS, @entity5 , and CSS were 91.1%, 97.8%, and 97.8%, respectively. On univariable logistic regression, ACCI was the only factor associated with a higher risk of overall mortality (OR 1.67, p=0.006). The retrospective design, the high surgical volume at our institution, and the potential selection bias with careful @entity1 selection early in the @entity1625 experience may limit the generalizability of our findings. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study confirming excellent long-term oncologic outcomes after @entity1625 in a selected cohort of @entity1 . @entity1 SUMMARY: @entity1625 is a relatively recently developed treatment for @entity1358 . This study confirms its safety and reports excellent long-term @entity5 control.

title: Five-year Oncologic Outcomes After Transperitoneal Robotic Partial Nephrectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENT', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['Robotic partial nephrectomy', 'RPN']

entities_list: @entity6841 :: ('MESH:C565820', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral PN']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer-free survival (CFS), and cancer', 'CFS', 'cancer', 'benign tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'Clear cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Renal Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: This study was designed to test the effectiveness of brief relaxation training on @entity282 , replicating and extending a study of Flaherty and Fitzpatrick (1978). A two-group pre- and post-test experimental design was used to determine if vital signs, analgesic consumption, @entity148 , self-reported incisional @entity158 sensation and distress differ in postsurgical @entity1 who have or have not received relaxation training. Seventy-two adult, elective abdominal surgery @entity1 were randomly assigned to treatment groups. Subjects in both groups were visited on the eve of surgery. Experimental subjects were taught a relaxation technique. Equal time was spent with control subjects. Following surgery all subjects were observed during ambulation. Vital signs were measured pre- and postoperatively, as were self-report of @entity158 sensation and distress. Results showed that distress caused by @entity158 sensations was significantly lower for experimental subjects (F (1, 53) = 4.69, p = 0.03). Vital signs, analgesic consumption and self-reported @entity158 sensation were not altered by relaxation training. These findings only partially agree with those of Flaherty and Fitzpatrick. Additional analyses by type of surgery (cholecystectomy and hysterectomy) showed hysterectomy subjects reported less @entity158 sensation and distress and used less analgesics than cholecystectomy subjects.

title: Effects of preoperative XXXX : a replication and expansion.

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

answer: @entity282 :: (MESH:D010149,Disease) :: ['teaching on postoperative pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cervical @entity6184 can be a difficult condition to manage. Depending on the etiology, location, and extent of the @entity850 , @entity8276 or cricotracheal resection may be required. Intraoperative decisions may predict outcome. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of all @entity1 undergoing cervical @entity8276 or cricotracheal resection from April 2000 through March 2008. RESULTS: One hundred and five @entity1 underwent 108 @entity8276 or cricotracheal resections. Median age was 65 years (range, 15 to 78); 68% were @entity1 . Indication for operation included postintubation @entity6184 (38), idiopathic (31), @entity850 (19), invasive @entity259 (9), and other (8). Median length of @entity825 resected was 2.7 cm (range, 1.5 to 6.0 cm); 48 @entity1 (46%) underwent extended cricotracheal resections. Twenty-six @entity1 (25%) had an intraoperative chin stitch placed. Hospital stay was a median of 4 days (range, 2 to 33). Operative mortality was (1%); 1 @entity1 died of @entity583 on postoperative day 3. Four @entity1 (4%) had hoarseness or vocal cord immobility. Median follow-up was 36 months (range, 1 to 79). Eighteen @entity1 (17%) required dilation postoperatively. Seven @entity1 (7%) required tracheostomy; 2 (2%) are tracheostomy dependent. Three @entity1 (3%) underwent a re-resection for recurrent @entity850 . Multivariate analysis of indication for resection, type of resection, length of resection, anastomotic technique, and use of chin stitch did not predict the need for @entity384 , tracheostomy, or reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical @entity8276 resection can be performed safely with low morbidity and mortality. Only 5% of @entity1 required a long-term tracheostomy or re-resection for recurrent @entity6184 . Specific intraoperative decisions did not predict long-term success.

title: Cervical XXXX resection: new lessons learned.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative dilation']

entities_list: @entity6184 :: ('MESH:D014135', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis', 'tracheostomy stenosis']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity8276 :: (MESH:D014133,Disease) :: ['tracheal']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of sub-threshold focused ultrasound (FUS) sonication on the @entity788 cell. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity1 @entity3123 cell line PaTu 8988t suspension and @entity3123 xenograft in @entity19 were sonicated by FUS using sub-threshold doses. The temperature at the focus was controlled at below 60  C. The cell apoptosis in vitro was tested by flow cytometer at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48h after FUS sonication. Colony formation was used to evaluate the cell growth inhibition of FUS in vitro. The @entity5 volume of the xenograft was measured before and after FUS sonication. Then the slides of the @entity5 were under @entity1710 - @entity1711 (H_E) staining and TdT-mediated @entity1977 nick end labeling (TUNEL) to evaluate the effect of FUS on @entity3123 xenograft in vivo. RESULTS: The maximum cell suspension temperature of the FUS sonication group was 55.8  2.17  C. The cell apoptosis rate peaked at 24h after FUS sonication, the differences between the FUS sonication group and control group were statistically significant (P<0.05). Colony formation rates were 50.40  3.81% for the control group and 26.82  2.88% for FUS sonication group (P<0.05). For the xenografts in @entity19 , the mean @entity5 volumes of the control group and the FUS sonication group 15 days after sonication were 1746.58  312.77mm(3) and 1085.23  217.13mm(3) (P<0.05). H_E staining and TUNEL assay showed both @entity39 and apoptotic cells. CONCLUSION: Sub-threshold FUS sonication could induce cell apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of @entity788 cells.

title: Cell apoptosis and proliferation inhibition of XXXX induced by sub-threshold focused ultrasound (FUS).

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical features variability between familial and sporadic @entity4531 / @entity4531 (RLS/WED) has been previously reported. With this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to determine the clinical and polysomnographic characteristics of 400 RLS/WED @entity1 . @entity1 with familial RLS/WED were significantly younger than sporadic RLS/WED, while clinical and polysomnographic characteristics were similar in both groups. No difference was found for the age-at-onset between idiopathic and secondary RLS/WED. @entity10522 ( @entity10522 ) index and REM sleep time were higher in idiopathic RLS/WED. Time of onset of symptoms was in the evening or at bedtime in 28.04 and 37.80  % of @entity1 , respectively, while in 21.34  % of @entity1 onset was more than 1  h after sleep onset. Impulse control and compulsive behaviours (ICBs) were found in 13.29  % @entity1 on @entity935 agonist therapy. Our analyses support the hypothesis that @entity1 with a familial history of RLS/WED may have a genetic component. Nevertheless, the dichotomy between early and late onset disease seems to be less sharp than previously reported. A large proportion of RLS/WED @entity1 can have atypical features, therefore making the diagnosis challenging. Some cases can be missed even when the @entity1 refers to a sleep specialist, as revealed by the partial absence of daytime symptoms, the high comorbidity with @entity25 and the high percentage of symptoms beginning after sleep onset. This draws attention on the importance of a careful evaluation of the @entity1 , to recognize potentially treatable secondary forms of RLS/WED.

title: Defining the phenotype of XXXX / @entity4531 (RLS/WED): a clinical and polysomnographic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity10522 :: ('MESH:D020189', 'Disease') :: ['Periodic limb movements', 'PLM']

entities_list: @entity4531 :: ('MESH:D012148', 'Disease') :: ['restless legs syndrome', 'Willis-Ekbom disease']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia and other sleep complaints']

answer: @entity4531 :: (MESH:D012148,Disease) :: ['restless legs syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical features variability between familial and sporadic @entity4531 / @entity4531 (RLS/WED) has been previously reported. With this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to determine the clinical and polysomnographic characteristics of 400 RLS/WED @entity1 . @entity1 with familial RLS/WED were significantly younger than sporadic RLS/WED, while clinical and polysomnographic characteristics were similar in both groups. No difference was found for the age-at-onset between idiopathic and secondary RLS/WED. @entity10522 ( @entity10522 ) index and REM sleep time were higher in idiopathic RLS/WED. Time of onset of symptoms was in the evening or at bedtime in 28.04 and 37.80  % of @entity1 , respectively, while in 21.34  % of @entity1 onset was more than 1  h after sleep onset. Impulse control and compulsive behaviours (ICBs) were found in 13.29  % @entity1 on @entity935 agonist therapy. Our analyses support the hypothesis that @entity1 with a familial history of RLS/WED may have a genetic component. Nevertheless, the dichotomy between early and late onset disease seems to be less sharp than previously reported. A large proportion of RLS/WED @entity1 can have atypical features, therefore making the diagnosis challenging. Some cases can be missed even when the @entity1 refers to a sleep specialist, as revealed by the partial absence of daytime symptoms, the high comorbidity with @entity25 and the high percentage of symptoms beginning after sleep onset. This draws attention on the importance of a careful evaluation of the @entity1 , to recognize potentially treatable secondary forms of RLS/WED.

title: Defining the phenotype of @entity4531 / XXXX (RLS/WED): a clinical and polysomnographic study.

answer: @entity4531 :: (MESH:D012148,Disease) :: ['Willis-Ekbom disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity900 followed by maintenance @entity4562 (PC/G) and @entity4562 monotherapy (G) in @entity1 with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and unknown @entity470 gene ( @entity470 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 and unknown @entity470 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity470 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity1 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity9512 point mutation in 24). @entity1349 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity1349 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity1349 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity1 with @entity470 wild-type @entity5 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity1 with @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity470 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity1349 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity470 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus XXXX followed by @entity4562 Maintenance Therapy versus @entity4562 Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker @entity1 with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous @entity1149 : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['Cisplatin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity900 followed by maintenance @entity4562 (PC/G) and @entity4562 monotherapy (G) in @entity1 with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and unknown @entity470 gene ( @entity470 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 and unknown @entity470 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity470 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity1 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity9512 point mutation in 24). @entity1349 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity1349 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity1349 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity1 with @entity470 wild-type @entity5 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity1 with @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity470 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity1349 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity470 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus @entity900 followed by @entity4562 Maintenance Therapy versus @entity4562 Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker @entity1 with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous XXXX : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity900 followed by maintenance @entity4562 (PC/G) and @entity4562 monotherapy (G) in @entity1 with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and unknown @entity470 gene ( @entity470 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 and unknown @entity470 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity470 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity1 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity9512 point mutation in 24). @entity1349 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity1349 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity1349 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity1 with @entity470 wild-type @entity5 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity1 with @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity470 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity1349 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity470 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus @entity900 followed by XXXX Maintenance Therapy versus @entity4562 Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker @entity1 with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous @entity1149 : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

answer: @entity4562 :: (MESH:C419708,Chemical) :: ['Gefitinib']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity900 followed by maintenance @entity4562 (PC/G) and @entity4562 monotherapy (G) in @entity1 with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and unknown @entity470 gene ( @entity470 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 and unknown @entity470 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity470 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity1 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity9512 point mutation in 24). @entity1349 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity1349 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity1349 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity1 with @entity470 wild-type @entity5 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity1 with @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity470 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity1349 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity470 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus @entity900 followed by @entity4562 Maintenance Therapy versus XXXX Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker @entity1 with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous @entity1149 : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

answer: @entity4562 :: (MESH:C419708,Chemical) :: ['Gefitinib']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity900 followed by maintenance @entity4562 (PC/G) and @entity4562 monotherapy (G) in @entity1 with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and unknown @entity470 gene ( @entity470 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity1149 and unknown @entity470 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity470 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity1 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity9512 point mutation in 24). @entity1349 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity1349 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity1349 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity1 with @entity470 wild-type @entity5 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity1 with @entity470 -mutated @entity5 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity470 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity1349 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity470 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus @entity900 followed by @entity4562 Maintenance Therapy versus @entity4562 Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker XXXX with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous @entity1149 : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: During normovolemia, @entity3810 causes mild sympathetic stimulation and direct @entity296 ; these effects offset each other, resulting in only minimal cardiovascular changes. To test the hypothesis that during @entity3485 this balance would change and @entity308 predominate, 10 @entity1707 were made @entity3485 (30% @entity190 ) and then were given 70% @entity3727 (0.25 MAC in @entity1707 ) or an equipotent concentration of @entity1508 , an agent that does not cause sympathetic stimulation. The alternate anesthetic was given to the same @entity3485 @entity1707 on another day. Five minutes after induction of anesthesia during @entity3485 , both @entity3727 and @entity1508 caused significant, physiologically important deterioration of compensation for @entity548 . @entity1508 decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR); @entity3727 was more variable in its action, and SVR did not decrease significantly. Both agents caused similar decreases in cardiac output, mean aortic blood pressure, @entity64 volume, @entity26 consumption, and left ventricular minute work, despite increases in plasma epinephrine concentration and plasma @entity18089 activity. No differences were found between groups for any of these variables (P greater than 0.05). Plasma @entity1063 concentration increased only in the @entity3727 group and was greater in that group than in the @entity1508 group. The @entity65 for @entity548 was expressed metabolically by similar decreases in the two groups in partial pressure of @entity26 of mixed venous blood and by increases in blood @entity880 concentration. Thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia, with stable end-tidal anesthetic concentrations, both groups had some cardiovascular, but no metabolic, recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cardiovascular actions of @entity3810 or XXXX in @entity3485 @entity1707 .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial depression']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['Halothane', 'halothane']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity3485 :: ('MESH:D020896', 'Disease') :: ['hypovolemia', 'hypovolemic']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['deterioration of cardiovascular compensation']

answer: @entity1508 :: (MESH:D006221,Chemical) :: ['halothane']


abstract: During normovolemia, @entity3810 causes mild sympathetic stimulation and direct @entity296 ; these effects offset each other, resulting in only minimal cardiovascular changes. To test the hypothesis that during @entity3485 this balance would change and @entity308 predominate, 10 @entity1707 were made @entity3485 (30% @entity190 ) and then were given 70% @entity3727 (0.25 MAC in @entity1707 ) or an equipotent concentration of @entity1508 , an agent that does not cause sympathetic stimulation. The alternate anesthetic was given to the same @entity3485 @entity1707 on another day. Five minutes after induction of anesthesia during @entity3485 , both @entity3727 and @entity1508 caused significant, physiologically important deterioration of compensation for @entity548 . @entity1508 decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR); @entity3727 was more variable in its action, and SVR did not decrease significantly. Both agents caused similar decreases in cardiac output, mean aortic blood pressure, @entity64 volume, @entity26 consumption, and left ventricular minute work, despite increases in plasma epinephrine concentration and plasma @entity18089 activity. No differences were found between groups for any of these variables (P greater than 0.05). Plasma @entity1063 concentration increased only in the @entity3727 group and was greater in that group than in the @entity1508 group. The @entity65 for @entity548 was expressed metabolically by similar decreases in the two groups in partial pressure of @entity26 of mixed venous blood and by increases in blood @entity880 concentration. Thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia, with stable end-tidal anesthetic concentrations, both groups had some cardiovascular, but no metabolic, recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cardiovascular actions of @entity3810 or @entity1508 in XXXX @entity1707 .

answer: @entity3485 :: (MESH:D020896,Disease) :: ['hypovolemic']


abstract: During normovolemia, @entity3810 causes mild sympathetic stimulation and direct @entity296 ; these effects offset each other, resulting in only minimal cardiovascular changes. To test the hypothesis that during @entity3485 this balance would change and @entity308 predominate, 10 @entity1707 were made @entity3485 (30% @entity190 ) and then were given 70% @entity3727 (0.25 MAC in @entity1707 ) or an equipotent concentration of @entity1508 , an agent that does not cause sympathetic stimulation. The alternate anesthetic was given to the same @entity3485 @entity1707 on another day. Five minutes after induction of anesthesia during @entity3485 , both @entity3727 and @entity1508 caused significant, physiologically important deterioration of compensation for @entity548 . @entity1508 decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR); @entity3727 was more variable in its action, and SVR did not decrease significantly. Both agents caused similar decreases in cardiac output, mean aortic blood pressure, @entity64 volume, @entity26 consumption, and left ventricular minute work, despite increases in plasma epinephrine concentration and plasma @entity18089 activity. No differences were found between groups for any of these variables (P greater than 0.05). Plasma @entity1063 concentration increased only in the @entity3727 group and was greater in that group than in the @entity1508 group. The @entity65 for @entity548 was expressed metabolically by similar decreases in the two groups in partial pressure of @entity26 of mixed venous blood and by increases in blood @entity880 concentration. Thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia, with stable end-tidal anesthetic concentrations, both groups had some cardiovascular, but no metabolic, recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cardiovascular actions of XXXX or @entity1508 in @entity3485 @entity1707 .

answer: @entity3810 :: (MESH:D009609,Chemical) :: ['nitrous oxide']