abstract: @entity64 in @entity1 is increasingly recognized. The incidence exceeds 8 per 100,000 per year. Important differences in @entity64 in newborns and @entity1 compared with adults, as well as a paucity of clinical trials, create challenges in the diagnosis and management of pediatric @entity385 ( @entity385 ). The neurological presentation of @entity385 can be subtle. Radiographic diagnosis of acute @entity385 is also challenging because CT scan may be normal early on. Risk factors include vascular, intravascular, and @entity887 ; frequently, there are multiple risk factors in a given @entity1 , necessitating thorough investigations. More than 50% have a @entity455 including postvaricella @entity2333 , dissection, moyamoya, or @entity1333 . Intravascular mechanisms are frequently present, including dehydration. @entity1503 are also associated with @entity385 in @entity1 , and include @entity3458 and @entity74 . The latter have been identified in from one third to one half of @entity1 with @entity385 , are usually acquired, and frequently act in concert with other risk factors for @entity64 . The most common @entity887 source is @entity299 , which is present in 25% of @entity1 with @entity385 . Outcomes include @entity204 in 6% and @entity51 in two thirds of @entity1 . Given that no clinical trials have been completed in pediatric @entity64 to date, treatment is empiric. Initial neuroprotective strategies aim to reduce the size of the @entity1188 . For older children antithrombotic agents (antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants) are given to reduce the 20 to 30% risk of recurrence. There are coordinated research efforts currently being initiated, which over the next decade will result in clinical trials in this understudied condition.

title: Arterial ischemic strokes in XXXX and @entity1 : an overview of current approaches.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Hematological or prothrombotic conditions']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolic', 'embolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['prothrombotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['angiopathy']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['AIS', 'arterial ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infants']


abstract: @entity64 in @entity1 is increasingly recognized. The incidence exceeds 8 per 100,000 per year. Important differences in @entity64 in newborns and @entity1 compared with adults, as well as a paucity of clinical trials, create challenges in the diagnosis and management of pediatric @entity385 ( @entity385 ). The neurological presentation of @entity385 can be subtle. Radiographic diagnosis of acute @entity385 is also challenging because CT scan may be normal early on. Risk factors include vascular, intravascular, and @entity887 ; frequently, there are multiple risk factors in a given @entity1 , necessitating thorough investigations. More than 50% have a @entity455 including postvaricella @entity2333 , dissection, moyamoya, or @entity1333 . Intravascular mechanisms are frequently present, including dehydration. @entity1503 are also associated with @entity385 in @entity1 , and include @entity3458 and @entity74 . The latter have been identified in from one third to one half of @entity1 with @entity385 , are usually acquired, and frequently act in concert with other risk factors for @entity64 . The most common @entity887 source is @entity299 , which is present in 25% of @entity1 with @entity385 . Outcomes include @entity204 in 6% and @entity51 in two thirds of @entity1 . Given that no clinical trials have been completed in pediatric @entity64 to date, treatment is empiric. Initial neuroprotective strategies aim to reduce the size of the @entity1188 . For older children antithrombotic agents (antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants) are given to reduce the 20 to 30% risk of recurrence. There are coordinated research efforts currently being initiated, which over the next decade will result in clinical trials in this understudied condition.

title: Arterial ischemic strokes in @entity1 and XXXX : an overview of current approaches.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The current clinicopathologic study for evaluation of superficial @entity150 still has limitations in predicting the true behavior of recurrence. To determine the high-risk recurrence factors, we studied the influence of Ki-67, @entity1722 , @entity876 and @entity22149 ( @entity22149 ) expression. Samples were obtained from 33 pTa and 46pT1 diagnosed @entity150 @entity1 with a mean follow-up of 48.7 +/- 30.6 months. The contingency table method, Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariate analysis were used to evaluate the association among the immunohistochemical factors expression, clinicopathologic parameters with @entity5 recurrence. Stage @entity2558 @entity5 , @entity5 and large @entity5 (> 3 cm) showed a significantly high recurrence rate (p = 0.0158, p = 0.0162, p = 0.0001 respectively). Tumors with overexpression of Ki-67, @entity1722 and @entity876 were more likely to recur (p = 0.0035, p = 0.0027, p = 0.0076 respectively), @entity22149 expression was not associated with recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that large @entity5 and high Ki-67 expression were independent indicators of recurrence. On the other hand, in @entity5 less than 1 cm, recurrence was significantly correlated with overexpression of Ki-67 and @entity876 . High Ki-67 expression could discriminate higher recurrence cases in grade 2, @entity2558 and single @entity5 . The @entity1722 overexpression was more frequently associated with recurrence in @entity5 , large @entity5 , multiple and grade 1 @entity5 . The @entity876 overexpression also predicted a higher risk of recurrence in pTa @entity5 . These data demonstrated that the use of proliferative related proteins yields significant prognostic information in addition to clinicopathological factors, high Ki-67 expression is a reliable indicator of recurrence. A combination rather than any factor alone could more accurately predict @entity5 recurrence.

title: Proliferative status is a risk index for recurrence in primary superficial (pTa/T1) low-grade urothelial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity22149 :: ('8714', 'Gene') :: ['MRP', 'multidrug resistance-associated protein']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'sessile tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac surgery is being performed with increasing frequency in @entity1 aged 80 years and older. OBJECTIVES: To examine the long and short-term results of surgery in this age group. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 202 consecutive @entity1 aged 80 years or older who underwent cardiac surgery between 1991 and 1999, Ninety-six operations (48%) were urgent. RESULTS: The study group comprised 140 @entity1 (69%) and 62 @entity1 (31%) with a mean age of 82.1 years (range 80-89). Preoperatively, 120 @entity1 (59%) had @entity1459 , 37 (18%) had @entity453 , 22 (11%) had @entity177 , 17 (8.5%) had a history of @entity64 and 13 (6.5%) had previous cardiac surgery. Hospital mortality for the whole group was 7.4%. @entity260 included: re-exploration for @entity548 in 15 (7.4%), @entity64 in 8 (4%), sternal wound infection in 3 (1.5%), low cardiac output in 17 (8.4%), new Q wave @entity583 in 5 (2.5%), @entity177 in 17 (8.5%), and @entity955 in 71 (35%). The actuarial survival for @entity1 discharged from the hospital was 66% at 5 years and 46% at 8 years. The type of surgical procedure was significantly associated with increased early mortality (coronary artery bypass grafting only in 2.9%, CABG + valve in 16.1%, valve only in 16.7%; P = 0.01). Significant predictors (P < 0.05) for late mortality included type of surgical procedure, @entity712 . CONCLUSIONS: When appropriately applied in selected octogenarians, cardiac surgery can be performed with acceptable mortality and good long-term results.

title: Cardiac surgery in octogenarians--a better prognosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure, and postoperative low cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['left main coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: S: To study the change in disability over 10 years in individual @entity1 constituting the 1991 Olmsted County, MN, @entity15 ( @entity15 ) prevalence cohort. METHODS: The authors reassessed this 1991 cohort in 2001. The authors determined the @entity717 ( @entity717 ) for each @entity1 still alive, and within the year prior to death for those who died. The authors analyzed determinants of potential prognostic significance on change in disability. RESULTS: Follow-up information was available for 161 of 162 @entity1 in the 1991 cohort. Only 15% had received immunomodulatory therapy. The mean change in @entity717 for the entire cohort over 10 years was 1 point and 20% worsened by >or=2 points. For @entity1 with @entity717 <3 in 1991 (n = 66), 83% were ambulatory without a cane 10 years later. For @entity1 with @entity717 of 3 through 5 in 1991 (n = 33), 51% required a cane to ambulate (48%) or worse (3%). For @entity1 with @entity717 6 to 7 in 1991 (n = 39), 51% required a wheelchair or worse in 2001. Gait impairment at onset, @entity66 were associated with more worsening of disability (p < 0.002). The 10-year survival was decreased compared with the Minnesota white population for both @entity1 and @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Although survival was reduced and 30% of @entity1 progressed to needing a cane or wheelchair or worse over the 10-year follow-up period, most remained stable or minimally progressed. @entity1 within the @entity717 3.0 through 5.0 range are at moderate risk of developing important gait limitations over the 10-year period. The authors did not identify factors strongly predictive of worsening disability in this study.

title: Change in XXXX -related disability in a population-based cohort: a 10-year follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['EDSS', 'Expanded Disability Status Scale scores']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['progressive disease, or longer duration of disease']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of resin restorations placed supragingivally or impinging periodontal biologic width (PBW). Ten @entity1 (aged 19 to 35 years) with at least two contralateral teeth (premolars and molars) in need of proximal subgingival restorations participated. @entity1062 ( @entity1062 ) (impingement of PBW with transsurgical restorations) and control croup (CG) (supragingival restorations after crown lengthening) were randomly assigned. @entity527 ( @entity527 ), @entity548 on probing (BOP), @entity2521 ( @entity2521 ), and clinical @entity6730 (CAL) were evaluated at baseline and at 45, 90, and 180 days, and by transperiodontal probing at baseline and 180 days. Generalized estimating equations, Wald test, and t test were used (P  <= .05). @entity527 and BOP were reduced and maintained at low levels (less than 10% from day 45 on). @entity2521 initially reduced in the @entity1062 . At day 180, no intra- or intergroup differences were observed (P > .05). CAL was higher in the CG after surgery (P < .05) and remained stable for both groups throughout the study. In conclusion, proximal bonded restorations infringing on the PBW may not require clinical crown lengthening.

title: Response to Proximal Restorations Placed Either Subgingivally or Following Crown Lengthening in XXXX with No History of Periodontal Disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['Visible plaque', 'VP']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['PPD', 'periodontal probing depth']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Worldwide, @entity14 ( @entity14 ) is the third most common @entity5 in @entity1 and second in @entity1 . The aim of the current study was to identify whether the @entity26261 is indeed down-regulated in metastatic @entity14 and if it could be considered as a potential minimally invasive prognostic biomarker for @entity14 . METHODS: Exosomes were isolated and characterized from @entity1 with liver metastasis from CCR. The characterization of exosome was performed using TEM/SEM. HCT116 cells were treated with @entity26261 mimic, NSM and @entity26261 inhibitor. Functional assays included cell counting assay for 14 days, Matrigel invasion assay, apoptosis assay by flow cytometry using @entity4404 - @entity2823 , RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: Increased proliferation potential was proven for the cells transfected with @entity26261 inhibitor, while the @entity26261 mimic decreased the cell number. The cells transfected with the @entity26261 inhibitor are aggressive and cross the membrane; 3.84% of the cells transfected with the @entity26261 inhibitor entered apoptosis, while 6.45% of those transfected with the non-specific mimic were in programmed cell death, less than those transfected with the microRNA. RT-PCR for @entity588 expression showed that @entity588 is down-regulated for @entity26261 inhibitor and up-regulated for the @entity26261 mimic, a result confirmed by Western blotting. CONCLUSION: The present study brings to the forefront new data that suggest @entity26261 as a new player in controlling the pathways responsible for inhibiting the natural history of @entity14 cells, via the @entity588 pathway.

title: Exosome-Carried microRNA-375 Inhibits Cell Progression and Dissemination via XXXX Blocking in Colon Cancer.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'CRC tumor', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity588 :: (596,Gene) :: ['Bcl-2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: With favourable 5-year survival rates up to 75%, liver transplantation (LT) is the treatment of @entity157 ( @entity157 ). Nonetheless, @entity5 recurrence after LT remains a challenge. The aim of this retrospective study was to develop a predictive score for @entity5 recurrence after LT by combining clinical parameters with @entity157 biomarkers (microRNA). A microRNA microarray analysis was used to compare microRNA expression patterns in tissue samples of 40 @entity1 with and without @entity157 recurrence after LT. In a screening cohort (n=18), the microRNA analysis identified significant differences in the expression of 13 microRNAs in @entity1 with @entity5 recurrence. Using the most significant microRNAs in this screening cohort, we could develop a predictive score, which combined the expression levels of @entity15453 , @entity70836 and the Milan criteria, and we could define low- and high-risk groups for @entity5 recurrence and @entity204 . The above score was evaluated in a second and independent cohort (n=22). In contrast to the Milan criteria alone, this score was significantly associated with @entity5 recurrence. Our analysis indicated that the use of a specific microRNA expression pattern in combination with a limited @entity5 burden as defined by the Milan criteria may lead to a more accurate prediction of @entity5 recurrence. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: A possible role of miRNAs as predictive markers for the recurrence of XXXX after liver transplantation.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'choice for hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: Unrelieved @entity282 may have a negative impact on the physiological and psychological well-being of @entity1 . Pharmacological methods are currently used to relieve @entity158 in gynecological @entity1 ; however, inadequate @entity158 control is still reported, and the use of nonpharmacological @entity158 -relieving methods is increasingly being advocated, one of which is music therapy. The purpose of this literature review was to identify, summarize, and critically appraise current evidence on music therapy and @entity282 management among gynecological @entity1 . A systematic search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, British Nursing Index, and Allied and Complementary Medicine was conducted using the search terms music, gynecological, @entity158 , surgery, operative, and post-operative to identify relevant articles in English from 1995 to the present. All identified articles were assessed independently for inclusion into review. A total of 7 articles were included after removal of duplicates and exclusion of irrelevant studies. All the included studies assessed the effects of music therapy on @entity282 intensity, and three of them measured @entity158 -related physiological symptoms. The findings indicated that music therapy, in general, was effective in reducing @entity158 intensity, fatigue, @entity148 , and analgesic consumption in gynecological @entity1 during the postoperative period. It is recommended as an adjunct to pharmacological @entity158 -relieving methods in reducing @entity282 . Future researches on music therapy to identify the most effective application and evaluate its effect by qualitative study are recommended.

title: Effect of Music Therapy on Postoperative Pain Management in Gynecological XXXX : A Literature Review.

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'such pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the recent diagnosis and treatment experience with @entity281 and emphasize the importance of radiologic evaluation, microbiology and appropriate treatment selection in these @entity1 . METHODS: A respective review was conducted in 95 cases who were diagnosed as having deep neck from Jan. 2006 to March 2015. RESULTS: The primary diseases in 95 @entity1 with @entity281 were @entity697 or @entity697 (27 cases), @entity281 of upper respiratory tract (23 cases), odontogenic @entity32 (16 cases), foreign bodies in esophagus (9 cases), @entity697 (5 cases) and cause uncertain (15 cases). Computed tomography was performed in all of @entity1 to identify the location, extent, and character ( @entity2688 in 47 cases or abscesses in 48 cases) of the @entity281 . The locations of abscess were @entity733 (25 cases), @entity37397 (9 cases), submaxillary space abscess (6 cases), pretracheal space abscess (5 cases) and esophageal abscess (3 cases). COMPLICATIONS: @entity1764 (2 cases), @entity2396 (1 case), bilateral pneumothorax (2 cases), and upper digestive tract (1 case). Bacterial cultivation performed in 35 @entity1 and positive results were detected in 21. All @entity1 were given intravenous antibiotic therapy. Tracheotomy was performed in 4 cases. Preoperative contrast enhanced CT was performed in 42 @entity1 and indicated the formation of abscess. Three cases with the symptoms of @entity326 were transferred to ICU and one was cured. All the @entity1 were cured except two who died of massive @entity548 of upper digestive tract and @entity326 . CONCLUSIONS: The airway patency in @entity1 with @entity281 must be ensured. Drainage may be mandatory in selected cases at presentation or in cases who fail to respond to parenteral antibiotics within the first 24-48 hours. Imaging evaluation plays a significant role in the diagnosis and rational therapeutic management in @entity281 . Bacterial cultivation can help to make the effective treatment and provide reliable evidence for the etiopathogenisis.

title: [ XXXX : clinical analyses of 95 cases].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['infection or oral inflammation']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute tonsillitis', 'acute cervical lymphadenitis', 'acute laryngitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity1764 :: ('MESH:D008480', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['deep neck infection', 'infection', 'infections', 'deep neck infections']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['parapharyngeal abscess']

entities_list: @entity37397 :: ('MESH:D017703', 'Disease') :: ['retropharyngeal abscess']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['Deep neck infection']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In the past, the indications for varicocelectomy are primarily for @entity249 with abnormal semen parameters, @entity10523 / @entity194 in adolescents, and/or @entity158 . The surgical treatment of varicocele for @entity6126 is controversial and debated. Recently, multiple reports in the literature have suggested that varicocele is associated with @entity6126 and varicocele repair can increase @entity251 levels. @entity1 with hypogonadal symptoms should have at least two serum @entity251 levels. Microsurgical varicocelectomy may be beneficial for @entity1 with clinically palpable varicoceles with documented @entity6126 . In this review, we summarize the most recent literature linking varicocele to @entity6126 and @entity250 and the impact of repair on serum @entity251 levels. We performed a search of the published English literature. The key words used were "varicocele and @entity6126 " and "varicocele surgery and @entity251 ." We included published studies after 1998. We, also, evaluated the effect of surgery on the changes in the serum @entity251 level regardless of the indication for the varicocele repair.

title: When is a varicocele repair indicated: the dilemma of XXXX and erectile dysfunction?

entities_list: @entity10523 :: ('MESH:D013733', 'Disease') :: ['testicular hypotrophy']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity6126 :: (MESH:D007006,Disease) :: ['hypogonadism']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Based on an inception cohort of 63 @entity1 with unilateral vocal fold @entity912 consecutively treated with thyroplasty and Montgomery's implant under local anesthesia during the years 1997-2002, we recorded i) morbidity and mortality, ii) evolution of @entity7364 and swallowing impairment and iii) a prospective analysis of selected speech and voice parameters in an attempt to determine their evolution during the first 12 postoperative months and to search for potential statistical relationships with the following variables (age, gender, side of the @entity912 , etiology of the @entity912 , time between onset of @entity912 and thyroplasty, position of the paralyzed true vocal fold, nerve involved, associated pneumonectomy, prior intracordal injection of autologous fat and surgeon). RESULTS: The overall complication rate was 8%. Minor complications occurred in 6.5% of the @entity1 and included 4 cases of @entity4 successfully treated with oral @entity230 . Major complications occurred in 1.5% of the @entity1 . @entity1410 requiring temporary tracheotomy was the major complication. Swallowing was improved in 93.5% of the @entity1 . Immediate improvement of speech and voice was noted in all. Secondary degradation of speech and voice occurred in one @entity1 . At revision thyroplasty lateral displacement of the implant was noted and successfully repositioned. At one month post-operatively, the values of maximum phonation time, speech rate, group phrasing standard deviation of the fundamental frequency, jitter and shimmer were statistically improved while the fundamental frequency did not vary significantly. At 12 months post-operatively the noise to harmonic ratio was improved while the other parameters remained stable. No significant statistical relationship was found between the post-operative speech and voice parameters and the variables under analysis. CONCLUSION: Based on the current series and a review of the medical literature, thyroplasty with Montgomery's implant under local anesthesia appears to be an easy, effective and safe procedure that might be used in all @entity1 with unilateral laryngeal nerve @entity912 .

title: [Montgomery thyroplasty implant under local anesthesia for unilateral XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal edema']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['Intralaryngeal hematoma']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity912 :: (MESH:D010243,Disease) :: ['laryngeal paralysis']


abstract: Environmental stressors including @entity3147 ( @entity3147 ) during pre-, neo- and post-natal age have been documented to affect cognitive development and cause increased susceptibility to @entity146 . Most studies have addressed either of the three windows and that does not emulate the clinical conditions of @entity851 ( @entity851 ). Such data fail to provide a complete picture of the behavioral alterations in the F1 generation. The present study thus addresses the larger window from gestation to F1 generation, a new model of intra-generational @entity3147 . Naive Sprague Dawley (SD) dams pre-gestationally switched to LP (8% protein) or @entity4306 (20% protein) diets for 45 days were bred and maintained throughout gestation on same diets. Pups born ( @entity4306 /LP dams) were maintained on the respective diets post-weaningly. The present study aimed to show the sex specific differences in the neurobehavioral evolution and behavioral phenotype of the @entity4306 /LP F1 generation pups. A battery of neurodevelopmental reflex tests, behavioral (Open field and forelimb gripstrength test), and cognitive [Elevated plus maze (EPM) and Morris water maze (MWM)] assays were performed. A decelerated growth curve with significantly restricted body and brain weight, delays in apparition of neuro-reflexes and poor performance in the LP group @entity35 was recorded. Intra-generational @entity3147 induced poor habituation-with-time in novel environment exploration, low @entity148 and hyperactive like profile in open field test in young and adult @entity35 . The study revealed poor forelimb neuromuscular strength in LP F1 pups till adulthood. Group occupancy plots in MWM test revealed @entity2915 with poor learning, @entity2414 and integration, thus modeling the signs of early onset Alzehemier phenotype. In addition, a gender specific effect of LP diet with severity in males and favoring female sex was also noticed.

title: Slow Physical Growth, Delayed Reflex Ontogeny, and Permanent Behavioral as Well as Cognitive Impairments in XXXX Following Intra-generational Protein Malnutrition.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['intra-uterine growth restriction', 'IUGR']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['PMN', 'protein malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['impaired memory retention']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Recurrent @entity189 after radiotherapy (RT) may be managed by open neck or endoscopic surgery. The impact of endoscopic treatment with @entity515 laser for recurrent @entity189 after RT is reported. METHODS: We present the oncologic and vocal outcomes of a retrospective study based on a series of 16 @entity1 with rT1 and @entity18906 @entity189 who were endoscopically managed between February 1995 and December 1999 after RT failure. All @entity1 were males with a mean age of 68.7 years (range, 50 to 87 years). Before RT, the lesions had been staged as T1 N0 in 11 @entity1 and @entity18906 N0 in 5, and after RT as rT1 N0 in 12 and @entity18906 N0 in 4. According to the European Laryngological Society classification, a total of 9 transmuscular, 3 total, and 4 extended cordectomies were performed. Mean follow-up was 45 months (range, 9 to 79 months). RESULTS: Endoscopic salvage surgery was successful in 14 @entity1 . One of them developed a second recurrence and was definitively cured with an additional endoscopic procedure. Two of the 16 @entity1 had recurrent disease after salvage laser surgery and died due to progression of disease. Ultimate local control with laser alone at 3 years was 87.1%, according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Laryngeal preservation was obtained in all survivors after endoscopic rescue surgery. Voice analysis showed a clear correlation between the amount of vocal cord tissue resected and decrease of the vocal outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The present series indicates that selected recurrences after primary RT for T1 and @entity18906 @entity189 are eligible for endoscopic salvage surgery with oncologic results comparable to those with open neck procedures but with a lower complication rate and a favorable functional outcome.

title: Carbon dioxide laser salvage surgery after radiotherapy failure in T1 and XXXX @entity189 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['glottic carcinoma']

answer: @entity18906 :: (681288(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['T2']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Recurrent @entity189 after radiotherapy (RT) may be managed by open neck or endoscopic surgery. The impact of endoscopic treatment with @entity515 laser for recurrent @entity189 after RT is reported. METHODS: We present the oncologic and vocal outcomes of a retrospective study based on a series of 16 @entity1 with rT1 and @entity18906 @entity189 who were endoscopically managed between February 1995 and December 1999 after RT failure. All @entity1 were males with a mean age of 68.7 years (range, 50 to 87 years). Before RT, the lesions had been staged as T1 N0 in 11 @entity1 and @entity18906 N0 in 5, and after RT as rT1 N0 in 12 and @entity18906 N0 in 4. According to the European Laryngological Society classification, a total of 9 transmuscular, 3 total, and 4 extended cordectomies were performed. Mean follow-up was 45 months (range, 9 to 79 months). RESULTS: Endoscopic salvage surgery was successful in 14 @entity1 . One of them developed a second recurrence and was definitively cured with an additional endoscopic procedure. Two of the 16 @entity1 had recurrent disease after salvage laser surgery and died due to progression of disease. Ultimate local control with laser alone at 3 years was 87.1%, according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Laryngeal preservation was obtained in all survivors after endoscopic rescue surgery. Voice analysis showed a clear correlation between the amount of vocal cord tissue resected and decrease of the vocal outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The present series indicates that selected recurrences after primary RT for T1 and @entity18906 @entity189 are eligible for endoscopic salvage surgery with oncologic results comparable to those with open neck procedures but with a lower complication rate and a favorable functional outcome.

title: Carbon dioxide laser salvage surgery after radiotherapy failure in T1 and @entity18906 XXXX .

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['glottic carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Recombinant @entity1307 ( @entity5301 ) has been administered to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 in an attempt to accelerate their increase in hemoglobin concentration and reduce postpartum transfusions. However, it is not clear whether such an approach can be supported by evidence and should be generally recommended. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Medical and scientific literature from January 1990 to December 2002 was searched and studies that reported the administration of @entity5301 to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 were evaluated. RESULTS: Eight evaluated studies reported an aggregate of 480 @entity1 ; 300 @entity5301 recipients and 180 controls. Significant diversity in design was observed in @entity5301 dose, route of @entity5301 administration, @entity68 supplementation, and baseline hemoglobin. No significant safety concerns were reported. In all five studies where it was reported, 4 to 7 days after beginning treatment, greater increases in hemoglobin concentration were observed among the @entity5301 recipients than among the controls. However, heterogeneity of results (Q-test statistic, p<0.01) indicated that it was not appropriate to apply summary statistics. The effect of @entity5301 on postpartum transfusion rate was not measurable by summary statistics because of the limited number of transfusions given (no transfusions among the 300 @entity5301 recipients vs two transfusions among the 180 controls). CONCLUSION: Administration of @entity5301 to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 appears to be safe, and is associated with a trend toward a faster increase in hemoglobin concentration. However, its efficacy in terms of diminishing postpartum transfusions is unproven.

title: Effect of administering recombinant XXXX to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin']

answer: @entity1307 :: (2056,Gene) :: ['erythropoietin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Recombinant @entity1307 ( @entity5301 ) has been administered to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 in an attempt to accelerate their increase in hemoglobin concentration and reduce postpartum transfusions. However, it is not clear whether such an approach can be supported by evidence and should be generally recommended. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Medical and scientific literature from January 1990 to December 2002 was searched and studies that reported the administration of @entity5301 to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 were evaluated. RESULTS: Eight evaluated studies reported an aggregate of 480 @entity1 ; 300 @entity5301 recipients and 180 controls. Significant diversity in design was observed in @entity5301 dose, route of @entity5301 administration, @entity68 supplementation, and baseline hemoglobin. No significant safety concerns were reported. In all five studies where it was reported, 4 to 7 days after beginning treatment, greater increases in hemoglobin concentration were observed among the @entity5301 recipients than among the controls. However, heterogeneity of results (Q-test statistic, p<0.01) indicated that it was not appropriate to apply summary statistics. The effect of @entity5301 on postpartum transfusion rate was not measurable by summary statistics because of the limited number of transfusions given (no transfusions among the 300 @entity5301 recipients vs two transfusions among the 180 controls). CONCLUSION: Administration of @entity5301 to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 appears to be safe, and is associated with a trend toward a faster increase in hemoglobin concentration. However, its efficacy in terms of diminishing postpartum transfusions is unproven.

title: Effect of administering recombinant @entity1307 to @entity1 with postpartum XXXX : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['anemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Recombinant @entity1307 ( @entity5301 ) has been administered to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 in an attempt to accelerate their increase in hemoglobin concentration and reduce postpartum transfusions. However, it is not clear whether such an approach can be supported by evidence and should be generally recommended. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Medical and scientific literature from January 1990 to December 2002 was searched and studies that reported the administration of @entity5301 to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 were evaluated. RESULTS: Eight evaluated studies reported an aggregate of 480 @entity1 ; 300 @entity5301 recipients and 180 controls. Significant diversity in design was observed in @entity5301 dose, route of @entity5301 administration, @entity68 supplementation, and baseline hemoglobin. No significant safety concerns were reported. In all five studies where it was reported, 4 to 7 days after beginning treatment, greater increases in hemoglobin concentration were observed among the @entity5301 recipients than among the controls. However, heterogeneity of results (Q-test statistic, p<0.01) indicated that it was not appropriate to apply summary statistics. The effect of @entity5301 on postpartum transfusion rate was not measurable by summary statistics because of the limited number of transfusions given (no transfusions among the 300 @entity5301 recipients vs two transfusions among the 180 controls). CONCLUSION: Administration of @entity5301 to @entity1 with postpartum @entity417 appears to be safe, and is associated with a trend toward a faster increase in hemoglobin concentration. However, its efficacy in terms of diminishing postpartum transfusions is unproven.

title: Effect of administering recombinant @entity1307 to XXXX with postpartum @entity417 : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity9807 (AARF) is a relatively uncommon @entity130 , especially in association with @entity174 of the @entity2270 . The @entity3029 and fixation is normally caused by intercalated facet joints of @entity2270 and atlas. A traumatic AARF in a 21 year old female is presented with special emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This high velocity @entity130 was caused by a traffic accident. The @entity130 service which was initially involved made the correct diagnosis and tried to reduce the dislocation by skull traction during analgesia and sedation, but without success. For further treatment, the @entity1 was referred to a level one @entity130 center. After completing the diagnostic imaging with MRI and CT for exact delineation of the @entity174 site and determination of ligament damage, a halo fixation for skull traction was installed. This second attempt was also unsuccessful. Only a closed reduction under general anesthesia with @entity121 led to a neutral alignment and congruent joint contact between C1 and C2. Due to the stable @entity174 site and the intact ligaments, a conservative treatment with a stable collar splint was performed.

title: [ XXXX with lateral mass @entity174 of the @entity2270 ].

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle relaxation']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity9807 :: ('MESH:C538196', 'Disease') :: ['Traumatic atlanto-axial rotatory fixation']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'injury']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['rotatory dislocation']

answer: @entity9807 :: (MESH:C538196,Disease) :: ['Traumatic atlanto-axial rotatory fixation']


abstract: @entity9807 (AARF) is a relatively uncommon @entity130 , especially in association with @entity174 of the @entity2270 . The @entity3029 and fixation is normally caused by intercalated facet joints of @entity2270 and atlas. A traumatic AARF in a 21 year old female is presented with special emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This high velocity @entity130 was caused by a traffic accident. The @entity130 service which was initially involved made the correct diagnosis and tried to reduce the dislocation by skull traction during analgesia and sedation, but without success. For further treatment, the @entity1 was referred to a level one @entity130 center. After completing the diagnostic imaging with MRI and CT for exact delineation of the @entity174 site and determination of ligament damage, a halo fixation for skull traction was installed. This second attempt was also unsuccessful. Only a closed reduction under general anesthesia with @entity121 led to a neutral alignment and congruent joint contact between C1 and C2. Due to the stable @entity174 site and the intact ligaments, a conservative treatment with a stable collar splint was performed.

title: [ @entity9807 with lateral mass XXXX of the @entity2270 ].

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: @entity9807 (AARF) is a relatively uncommon @entity130 , especially in association with @entity174 of the @entity2270 . The @entity3029 and fixation is normally caused by intercalated facet joints of @entity2270 and atlas. A traumatic AARF in a 21 year old female is presented with special emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This high velocity @entity130 was caused by a traffic accident. The @entity130 service which was initially involved made the correct diagnosis and tried to reduce the dislocation by skull traction during analgesia and sedation, but without success. For further treatment, the @entity1 was referred to a level one @entity130 center. After completing the diagnostic imaging with MRI and CT for exact delineation of the @entity174 site and determination of ligament damage, a halo fixation for skull traction was installed. This second attempt was also unsuccessful. Only a closed reduction under general anesthesia with @entity121 led to a neutral alignment and congruent joint contact between C1 and C2. Due to the stable @entity174 site and the intact ligaments, a conservative treatment with a stable collar splint was performed.

title: [ @entity9807 with lateral mass @entity174 of the XXXX ].

answer: @entity2270 :: (MESH:C566610,Disease) :: ['axis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional imaging with mammography and ultrasonography has a low sensitivity for diagnosis and a tendency to underestimate the extent of @entity1137 ( @entity1137 ) of the breast. The aim was to determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had any advantages for the characterization of @entity1137 . METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with histologically proven @entity1137 underwent preoperative imaging with MRI. MRI was performed to aid detection of @entity5 in six @entity1 with a clinically suspicious presentation but normal or indeterminate imaging on mammography and ultrasonography. In 14 @entity1 MRI was performed to determine @entity5 extent. RESULTS: MRI accurately identified @entity5 in five of six @entity1 with normal or indeterminate conventional imaging. In seven of 14 @entity1 in whom MRI was performed to determine @entity5 extent, it provided significant additional information. These included four @entity1 in whom conventional imaging grossly underestimated @entity5 size, two @entity1 in whom MRI identified an unsuspected @entity0 and one @entity1 in whom MRI predicted @entity5 invasion of the pectoral muscle. The correlation between @entity5 size on histological examination was better with MRI (r = 0.967) than with mammography (r = 0.663) and ultrasonography (r = 0.673). CONCLUSION: MRI can provide considerable additional information in the detection and characterization of @entity1137 .

title: Role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and single-stage surgical resection of XXXX of the breast.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1137 :: ('MESH:D018275', 'Disease') :: ['ILC', 'invasive lobular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral breast tumour']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'tumour']

answer: @entity1137 :: (MESH:D018275,Disease) :: ['invasive lobular carcinoma']


abstract: @entity1501 and @entity2228 are factors of great importance in early gestation. In sows, @entity1501 supplement can increase litter size through a decrease in embryonic mortality, while @entity2228 , the most abundant @entity535 in the sow oviduct, uterine, and allantoic fluids, is reported to act as an organic osmoregulator. In this study, we report the characterization of cytoplasmic @entity563 hydroxymethyltransferase (cSHMT), T-protein, and @entity1619 ( @entity1619 ) mRNA expression levels in endometrial and embryonic tissues in gestating sows on Day 25 of gestation according to the breed, parity, and @entity1501 + @entity2228 supplementation. Expression levels of cSHMT, T-protein, and @entity1619 mRNA in endometrial and embryonic tissues were performed using semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We also report, for the first time, an alternative splicing event in the porcine T-protein gene. Results showed that a T-protein splice variant, @entity1619 , is present in all the tested sow populations. Further characterizations revealed that this T-protein splice variant contains a coding intron that can adopt a secondary structure. Results demonstrated that cSHMT mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in sows receiving the @entity1501 + @entity2228 supplementation, independently of the breed or parity and in both endometrial and embryonic tissues. Upon receiving the same treatment, the @entity1619 and T-protein mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced in the endometrial tissue of Yorkshire-Landrace sows only. These results indicate that modulation of specific gene expression levels in endometrial and embryonic tissues of sows in early gestation could be one of the mechanism involved with the role of @entity1501 on improving @entity1707 reproduction traits.

title: Effects of breed, parity, and XXXX supplement on the expression of @entity1501 metabolism genes in endometrial and embryonic tissues from sows in early pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid', 'Folic acid']

entities_list: @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['vT-protein', 'variant T-protein']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

answer: @entity1501 :: (MESH:D005492,Chemical) :: ['folic Acid']


abstract: @entity1501 and @entity2228 are factors of great importance in early gestation. In sows, @entity1501 supplement can increase litter size through a decrease in embryonic mortality, while @entity2228 , the most abundant @entity535 in the sow oviduct, uterine, and allantoic fluids, is reported to act as an organic osmoregulator. In this study, we report the characterization of cytoplasmic @entity563 hydroxymethyltransferase (cSHMT), T-protein, and @entity1619 ( @entity1619 ) mRNA expression levels in endometrial and embryonic tissues in gestating sows on Day 25 of gestation according to the breed, parity, and @entity1501 + @entity2228 supplementation. Expression levels of cSHMT, T-protein, and @entity1619 mRNA in endometrial and embryonic tissues were performed using semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We also report, for the first time, an alternative splicing event in the porcine T-protein gene. Results showed that a T-protein splice variant, @entity1619 , is present in all the tested sow populations. Further characterizations revealed that this T-protein splice variant contains a coding intron that can adopt a secondary structure. Results demonstrated that cSHMT mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in sows receiving the @entity1501 + @entity2228 supplementation, independently of the breed or parity and in both endometrial and embryonic tissues. Upon receiving the same treatment, the @entity1619 and T-protein mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced in the endometrial tissue of Yorkshire-Landrace sows only. These results indicate that modulation of specific gene expression levels in endometrial and embryonic tissues of sows in early gestation could be one of the mechanism involved with the role of @entity1501 on improving @entity1707 reproduction traits.

title: Effects of breed, parity, and @entity1501 supplement on the expression of XXXX metabolism genes in endometrial and embryonic tissues from sows in early pregnancy.

answer: @entity1501 :: (MESH:D005492,Chemical) :: ['folate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study investigated changes in left ventricular (LV) geometry and systolic function after corrective surgery for atrial ( @entity2438 ) and @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ). METHODS: Transesophageal LV short-axis echocardiograms were recorded before and after operative repair of @entity2438 (n = 11) and @entity1757 (n = 7). Preload was measured using LV end-diastolic area indexed for body surface area. Measurements of septal-freewall (D1) and anterior-posterior (D2) endocardial diameters were used to assess LV symmetry from D1/D2. Systolic indices included @entity64 area, area ejection fraction, and fractional @entity3207 . RESULTS: Preload, @entity64 area, area ejection fraction, and fractional @entity3207 of D1 increased after @entity2438 repair but decreased after @entity1757 repair (p < 0.05). End-diastolic symmetry increased after @entity2438 closure and decreased after @entity1757 closure (p < 0.05). Increases in @entity64 area and ejection fraction after @entity2438 correction primarily reflected increased @entity3207 of D1. A positive correlation was found overall between percent change in end-diastolic area (EDA) and percent change in area ejection fraction (r(2) = 0.80, p < 0.0001, n = 18). CONCLUSIONS: Preload was the primary determinant of changes in LV function in this series of @entity2438 and @entity1757 repairs. Intraoperative changes in position of the interventricular septum affected systolic and diastolic LV symmetry and septal free wall @entity3207 . Additional studies are needed to define changes in afterload and contractility as well as diastolic compliance and systolic mechanics.

title: Echocardiographic analysis of ventricular geometry and function during repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defects']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['congenital septal defects']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence of @entity14822 and their relationship with albumin excretion and microalbuminuria in adolescents with type 1 @entity6 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study population comprised 895 young subjects with type 1 @entity6 (490 males); median age at the baseline assessment was 14.5 years (range 10-21.1), and median @entity6 duration was 4.8 years (0.2-17). A total of 2,194 nonfasting blood samples were collected longitudinally for determination of total @entity165 , LDL @entity165 , HDL @entity165 , TG, and non-HDL @entity165 . Additional annually collected data on anthropometric parameters, @entity3916 , and albumin-to- @entity1011 ratio (ACR) were available. RESULTS: Total @entity165 , LDL @entity165 , HDL @entity165 , and non-HDL @entity165 were higher in females than in males (all P < 0.001). A significant proportion of subjects presented sustained @entity14822 during follow-up: total @entity165 >5.2 mmol/l (18.6%), non-HDL @entity165 >3.4 mmol/l (25.9%), TG >1.7 mmol/l (20.1%), and LDL @entity165 >3.4 mmol/l (9.6%). Age and duration were significantly related to all lipid parameters (P < 0.001); @entity3916 was independently related to all parameters (P < 0.001) except HDL @entity165 , whereas BMI SD scores were related to all parameters (P < 0.05) except total @entity165 . Total @entity165 and non-HDL @entity165 were independently related to longitudinal changes in ACR (B coefficient +/- SE): 0.03 +/- 0.01/1 mmol/l, P = 0.009, and 0.32 +/- 0.014/1 mmol/l, P = 0.02, respectively. Overall mean total @entity165 and non-HDL @entity165 were higher in microalbuminuria positive (n = 115) than in normoalbuminuric subjects (n = 780): total @entity165 4.7 +/- 1.2 vs. 4.5 +/- 0.8 mmol/l (P = 0.04) and non-HDL @entity165 3.2 +/- 1.2 vs. 2.9 +/- 0.8 mmol/l (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In this longitudinal study of adolescents with type 1 @entity6 , sustained @entity14822 were related to age, duration, BMI, and @entity3916 . Furthermore, ACR was related to both total @entity165 and non-HDL @entity165 , indicating a potential role in the pathogenesis of @entity2316 .

title: Prevalence of abnormal lipid profiles and the relationship with the development of microalbuminuria in adolescents with type 1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity14822 :: ('MESH:C562935', 'Disease') :: ['lipid abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess two physician learning interventions designed to improve safety and quality of @entity6 care delivered by primary care physicians (PCPs). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This group randomized clinical trial included 57 consenting PCPs and their 2,020 eligible adult @entity1 with @entity6 . Physicians were randomized to no intervention (group A), a simulated case-based physician learning intervention (group B), or the same simulated case-based learning intervention with physician opinion leader feedback (group C). Dependent variables included @entity3916 values, LDL @entity165 values, pharmacotherapy intensification rates in @entity1 not at clinical goals, and risky prescribing events. RESULTS: Groups B and C had substantial reductions in risky prescribing of @entity2449 in @entity1 with @entity8 (P = 0.03). Compared with groups A and C, physicians in group B achieved slightly better glycemic control (P = 0.04), but physician intensification of oral @entity413 -lowering medications was not affected by interventions (P = 0.41). Lipid management improved over time (P < 0.001) but did not differ across study groups (P = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS: A simulated, case-based learning intervention for physicians significantly reduced risky prescribing events and marginally improved glycemic control in actual @entity1 . The addition of opinion leader feedback did not improve the learning intervention. Refinement and further development of this approach is warranted.

title: Simulated physician learning intervention to improve safety and quality of XXXX care: a randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Authorities advocate that resistance and aerobic exercise are essential for reducing risk factors for @entity102 and disability in older adults. However, the incremental effects of combined resistance and aerobic exercise compared with either modality alone on risk factors for disease and disability is generally unknown. METHODS: @entity1 were 136 sedentary, abdominally obese older @entity1 and @entity1 recruited from September 30, 2002, through November 15, 2006, at Queen's University. @entity1 were randomized to 1 of the following 4 groups for 6 months: resistance exercise, aerobic exercise, resistance and aerobic exercise (combined exercise), or nonexercise control. Primary outcomes were analyzed by an intent-to-treat model and included changes in @entity2690 resistance by @entity1717 and functional limitation using the average change in 4 tests combined (average z score). RESULTS: After controlling for age, sex, and baseline value, @entity2690 resistance improved compared with controls in the aerobic exercise and the combined exercise groups but not in the resistance exercise group. Improvement (mean [SE]) in the combined exercise group was greater than in the resistance exercise group (9.2 [1.3] vs 1.8 [1.3] mg/mL/microIU per kilogram of skeletal muscle per minute x100 [P < .001]) but not in the aerobic exercise group (9.2 [1.3] vs 6.5 [1.3] mg/mL/microIU per kilogram of skeletal muscle per minute x100 [P = .46]). Functional limitation improved significantly in all groups compared with the control group. Improvement in the combined exercise group was greater than in the aerobic exercise group (0.5 [0.1] vs -0.0 [0.1]; standard units, z score [P = .003]) but not in the resistance exercise group. Improvement in the resistance exercise group was not different from the aerobic exercise group. CONCLUSION: The combination of resistance and aerobic exercise was the optimal exercise strategy for simultaneous reduction in @entity2690 resistance and functional limitation in previously sedentary, abdominally obese older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00520858.

title: Effects of exercise modality on XXXX resistance and functional limitation in older adults: a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1717 :: ('MESH:D044903', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: EMR has emerged as an alternative therapeutic option for selected cases of early @entity14 (ECC). However, the factors associated with resectability and curability of EMR for ECC remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical outcomes and factors related to resectability and curability in ECC cases treated with EMR. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Tertiary-care academic medical center. @entity1 : This study involved all @entity1 in whom EMR was performed for ECC at Severance Hospital between March 1997 and August 2007. A total of 236 cases of ECC occurring in 231 @entity1 (66.2% @entity1 ) were enrolled. INTERVENTION: EMR. Curative surgical resection and lymph node dissection were used in cases that were incompletely cured by EMR. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Resectability, curability, and recurrence. RESULTS: Complete cure was achieved for 162 lesions (68.6%). Of the remaining 74 cases (31.4%), 69 (29.2%) were incompletely cured, and the other 5 (2.1%) had an undetermined resection status and ultimately required supplementary surgical resection for curative treatment. Location on the right side of the colon, piecemeal resection, and @entity189 were independently associated with incomplete resection, whereas @entity308 type was independently related to incomplete cure. Among the ECC cases completely cured by EMR and followed for more than a year (n = 118), local recurrence was observed in one case (0.8%) during the median follow-up period of 39.4 months (range 12.4-123.1 months). LIMITATIONS: Single-center, retrospective study. CONCLUSION: Our data show that EMR is feasible and could be an effective option for treatment of ECC if the technique is applied with the appropriate indications.

title: Clinical outcomes and factors related to resectability and curability of EMR for early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed tumor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the hormonal, ultrasonographic, and color Doppler parameters in a population-based follow-up study of female childhood @entity5 survivors with regular menstrual cycle and normal early follicular FSH values. DESIGN: Controlled, prospective clinical study. SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 (S): Twenty-eight female @entity1 affected by a @entity5 during childhood and 14 age-matched healthy controls. INTERVENTION(S): Hormonal, ultrasonographic, and color Doppler analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): In the midluteal phase of the cycle, the @entity1 underwent hormonal assay of gonadotropins, E2, and P; ultrasonographic evaluation of the uterine and ovarian volume, the endometrial thickness, and of the corpus luteum characteristics; color Doppler analysis of uterine, intraovarian, and periluteal arteries. RESULT(S): A greater uterine volume and a better utero-ovarian vascularization was observed in controls in comparison with @entity5 survivors. In @entity1 who suffered from childhood @entity5 the P values were lower than in controls. On the basis of circulating P (> or < 20 nmol/L) values, we divided the former group in ovulatory and nonovulatory @entity1 . We observed that even if there were no differences between ovulatory @entity5 survivors and controls, the nonovulatory group showed a reduced uterine volume associated with elevated resistance at the level of uterine and intraovarian arteries. Among these two groups the time elapsed between the diagnosis of @entity5 and menarche was shorter in nonovulatory than in ovulatory @entity1 , and was directly correlated with both uterine volume (r = 0.660) and ovarian volume (r = 0.597). CONCLUSION(S): Ultrasonographic and Doppler analyses may noninvasively study the subtle utero-ovarian modification after anticancer therapies.

title: Utero-ovarian ultrasonographic and Doppler flow analyses in female childhood XXXX survivors with regular menstruation and normal circulating follicle-stimulating hormone levels.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignant tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENT']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To correlate apoptosis of cultured @entity1 granulosa-lutein cells (GL cells) with the outcome of IVF ( @entity1949 and pregnancy rate) and to study the effect of @entity2690 ( @entity442 ) on apoptosis. DESIGN: In vitro assays. SETTING: University laboratory and private IVF center. @entity1 (S): Eighty-one @entity1 undergoing IVF. INTERVENTION(S): Purified @entity1 GL cells from pooled follicles were cultured for 48 hours in serum-free media with or without @entity2690 and @entity442 . Cumulus cells and mural GL cells were evaluated separately. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Detection of apoptosis by using caspACE FITC-VAD-FMK, a fluorescent in situ marker for activated caspases; @entity1949 ; and pregnancy. RESULT(S): Age younger than 38 years and successful pregnancy were associated with less apoptosis (33.0% +/- 17.2% vs. 43.2% +/- 18.0% and 30.2% +/- 14.0% vs. 40.4% +/- 19.5%, respectively). There was a linear correlation between @entity1949 and GL cell apoptosis. @entity442 decreased apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. A statistically significant effect (17% decrease) was reached at a dose of 10 nM. @entity2690 (10 nM) caused a small (8%) decrease in apoptosis, but this effect did not reach statistical significance. Cumulus cells consistently had <3% apoptosis. CONCLUSION(S): [1] Apoptosis of cultured GL cells may be associated with IVF outcome and ovarian reserve and [2] @entity442 decreases apoptosis of cultured GL cells.

title: Apoptosis of cultured granulosa-lutein cells is reduced by @entity442 and may correlate with XXXX and pregnancy rate.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['embryo fragmentation']

entities_list: @entity2690 :: ('3630', 'Gene') :: ['Insulin', 'insulin', 'insulin and insulin-like growth factor I']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['Insulin-like growth factor I', 'IGF-I']

answer: @entity1949 :: (MESH:D012892,Disease) :: ['embryo fragmentation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To correlate apoptosis of cultured @entity1 granulosa-lutein cells (GL cells) with the outcome of IVF ( @entity1949 and pregnancy rate) and to study the effect of @entity2690 ( @entity442 ) on apoptosis. DESIGN: In vitro assays. SETTING: University laboratory and private IVF center. @entity1 (S): Eighty-one @entity1 undergoing IVF. INTERVENTION(S): Purified @entity1 GL cells from pooled follicles were cultured for 48 hours in serum-free media with or without @entity2690 and @entity442 . Cumulus cells and mural GL cells were evaluated separately. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Detection of apoptosis by using caspACE FITC-VAD-FMK, a fluorescent in situ marker for activated caspases; @entity1949 ; and pregnancy. RESULT(S): Age younger than 38 years and successful pregnancy were associated with less apoptosis (33.0% +/- 17.2% vs. 43.2% +/- 18.0% and 30.2% +/- 14.0% vs. 40.4% +/- 19.5%, respectively). There was a linear correlation between @entity1949 and GL cell apoptosis. @entity442 decreased apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. A statistically significant effect (17% decrease) was reached at a dose of 10 nM. @entity2690 (10 nM) caused a small (8%) decrease in apoptosis, but this effect did not reach statistical significance. Cumulus cells consistently had <3% apoptosis. CONCLUSION(S): [1] Apoptosis of cultured GL cells may be associated with IVF outcome and ovarian reserve and [2] @entity442 decreases apoptosis of cultured GL cells.

title: Apoptosis of cultured granulosa-lutein cells is reduced by XXXX and may correlate with @entity1949 and pregnancy rate.

answer: @entity442 :: (3479,Gene) :: ['insulin-like growth factor I']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity65 due to @entity731 is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in adult @entity6 @entity1 . In @entity1 , signs of subclinical @entity731 such as increased @entity121 ( @entity121 ) of the common carotid arteries have been detected in several studies. However, concerns may arise about the different analyzing methods used because measurements in @entity1 and controls differ significantly. @entity1 AND METHODS: We studied 208 @entity1 [150 @entity1 with @entity6 , mean age (+/-sd) 13.9 +/- 2.8 yr, 66 males, mean glycosylated hemoglobin (+/-sd) 7.8 +/- 1.4%, and 58 healthy controls, mean age (+/-sd) 14.1 +/- 3.1 yr, 32 males] and used normal @entity121 values published recently for comparison of the results. RESULTS: Of 150 @entity1 , 37 had an increased @entity121 [mean @entity121 (+/-sd) 1.6 +/- 0.6], whereas healthy controls had nearly normal @entity121 values [mean @entity121 (+/-sd) 0.3 +/- 0.1; P < 0.001]. Age at onset of @entity6 , mean daily @entity2690 dosage, systolic blood pressure, and total @entity165 level were significantly related to @entity121 in a multilinear regression model. A total of 25 @entity6 @entity1 were @entity101 and had a significantly increased @entity121 (mean @entity121 0.475 +/- 0.03 mm) compared to the remaining @entity1 (mean @entity121 0.459 +/- 0.02 mm; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity121 measurement detected subclinical @entity731 in a large cohort of @entity6 @entity1 . Systolic blood pressure, total @entity165 level, @entity2690 dosage, and age at onset of the disease were significantly related to the @entity121 . Longitudinal measurements may help to identify @entity1 at special risk for @entity731 changes and @entity65 .

title: Age of onset of type 1 XXXX in @entity1 and carotid intima medial thickness.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes mellitus type 1', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity65 due to @entity731 is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in adult @entity6 @entity1 . In @entity1 , signs of subclinical @entity731 such as increased @entity121 ( @entity121 ) of the common carotid arteries have been detected in several studies. However, concerns may arise about the different analyzing methods used because measurements in @entity1 and controls differ significantly. @entity1 AND METHODS: We studied 208 @entity1 [150 @entity1 with @entity6 , mean age (+/-sd) 13.9 +/- 2.8 yr, 66 males, mean glycosylated hemoglobin (+/-sd) 7.8 +/- 1.4%, and 58 healthy controls, mean age (+/-sd) 14.1 +/- 3.1 yr, 32 males] and used normal @entity121 values published recently for comparison of the results. RESULTS: Of 150 @entity1 , 37 had an increased @entity121 [mean @entity121 (+/-sd) 1.6 +/- 0.6], whereas healthy controls had nearly normal @entity121 values [mean @entity121 (+/-sd) 0.3 +/- 0.1; P < 0.001]. Age at onset of @entity6 , mean daily @entity2690 dosage, systolic blood pressure, and total @entity165 level were significantly related to @entity121 in a multilinear regression model. A total of 25 @entity6 @entity1 were @entity101 and had a significantly increased @entity121 (mean @entity121 0.475 +/- 0.03 mm) compared to the remaining @entity1 (mean @entity121 0.459 +/- 0.02 mm; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity121 measurement detected subclinical @entity731 in a large cohort of @entity6 @entity1 . Systolic blood pressure, total @entity165 level, @entity2690 dosage, and age at onset of the disease were significantly related to the @entity121 . Longitudinal measurements may help to identify @entity1 at special risk for @entity731 changes and @entity65 .

title: Age of onset of type 1 @entity6 in XXXX and carotid intima medial thickness.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The long-term significance of normocalcemic @entity6685 elevation (NPE) after successful parathyroidectomy for sporadic @entity459 remains unclear. METHOD: Of 239 consecutive @entity1 who underwent targeted parathyroidectomy with intraoperative @entity6685 monitoring, 96 were followed for >=  10 years. NPE was defined as a normal serum @entity460 level and @entity6685 ( @entity461 ) above the normal reference range >=  6 months after successful parathyroidectomy. Recurrence was defined as elevated serum @entity460 and @entity461 levels >=  6 months after parathyroidectomy. Risk factors for NPE, patterns of postoperative @entity461 variation, and 10-year outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 96 @entity1 followed >=  10 years, 42 had postoperative NPE. Only male gender (P = .008) was a risk factor for NPE, and NPE did not predict recurrence. Three patterns of postoperative NPE were identified in @entity1 with >=  3 @entity461 measurements over this 10-year period. Group 1 (n = 11): 1 to 2 consecutive @entity461 elevations; none recurred, and most were explained by physiologic variation. Group 2 (n = 23): multiple @entity461 fluctuations; 3 recurred, and almost all had physiologic variations. Group 3 (n = 4): @entity461 always elevated; 2 recurred. CONCLUSION: Postoperative NPE may be a dynamic, reversible, and transient clinical entity that does not predict recurrence. Nevertheless, @entity1 with postoperative NPE should be monitored and an attempt made to correct any obvious potential causes of @entity461 elevation.

title: Normocalcemic XXXX elevation after successful parathyroidectomy: long-term analysis of @entity6685 variations over 10 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity6685 :: ('MESH:D010281', 'Chemical') :: ['parathormone']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity6685 :: (MESH:D010281,Chemical) :: ['parathormone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The long-term significance of normocalcemic @entity6685 elevation (NPE) after successful parathyroidectomy for sporadic @entity459 remains unclear. METHOD: Of 239 consecutive @entity1 who underwent targeted parathyroidectomy with intraoperative @entity6685 monitoring, 96 were followed for >=  10 years. NPE was defined as a normal serum @entity460 level and @entity6685 ( @entity461 ) above the normal reference range >=  6 months after successful parathyroidectomy. Recurrence was defined as elevated serum @entity460 and @entity461 levels >=  6 months after parathyroidectomy. Risk factors for NPE, patterns of postoperative @entity461 variation, and 10-year outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 96 @entity1 followed >=  10 years, 42 had postoperative NPE. Only male gender (P = .008) was a risk factor for NPE, and NPE did not predict recurrence. Three patterns of postoperative NPE were identified in @entity1 with >=  3 @entity461 measurements over this 10-year period. Group 1 (n = 11): 1 to 2 consecutive @entity461 elevations; none recurred, and most were explained by physiologic variation. Group 2 (n = 23): multiple @entity461 fluctuations; 3 recurred, and almost all had physiologic variations. Group 3 (n = 4): @entity461 always elevated; 2 recurred. CONCLUSION: Postoperative NPE may be a dynamic, reversible, and transient clinical entity that does not predict recurrence. Nevertheless, @entity1 with postoperative NPE should be monitored and an attempt made to correct any obvious potential causes of @entity461 elevation.

title: Normocalcemic @entity6685 elevation after successful parathyroidectomy: long-term analysis of XXXX variations over 10 years.

answer: @entity6685 :: (MESH:D010281,Chemical) :: ['parathormone']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate possible predictors of remission, normalized physical function, and work change in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: We determined in our early @entity309 cohort the proportion of @entity1 in remission [Disease Activity Score (DAS28)<2.6], with normalized function [ @entity283 ( @entity283 ) = 0], and with changed working situation since disease onset. Candidate predictors of remission, normalized function, and work change were studied by subgroup comparison and logistic regression analysis, including demographics, education, rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, treatment, and DAS28, @entity283 , @entity158 (on the visual analogue scale, VAS). RESULTS: Median (interquartile range, IQR) disease duration was 18 (29) months. Of 89 @entity1 included, 69% were in remission. DAS28, @entity283 , @entity158 of these @entity1 were lower throughout year 1, although similar at baseline, compared to @entity1 not in remission. At month 4, more of these @entity1 were already good responders. Remission at month 4 independently predicted remission at follow-up. Thirty-eight per cent had no functional limitations; compared to @entity1 with limitations, they had a lower baseline @entity283 and lower DAS28, @entity283 , @entity158 during year 1. At month 4, more achieved remission or @entity283 = 0. Male sex, baseline @entity283 , and month 4 good European League Against @entity627 (EULAR) response predicted long-term @entity283 = 0, but month 4 @entity283 = 0 was the strongest independent predictor. Of the 40% with a paid job at baseline, 43.8% reported changes in their work situation; they had higher DAS28, @entity283 , @entity158 during year 1. Failing a month 4 good EULAR response independently predicted work change. CONCLUSION: Month 4 disease response predicts later remission, normalized physical function, and work change in @entity309 .

title: Predictors of remission, normalized physical function, and changes in the working situation during follow-up of @entity1 with early XXXX : an observational study.

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatism']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['HAQ', 'Health Assessment Questionnaire']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain and fatigue scores']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate possible predictors of remission, normalized physical function, and work change in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: We determined in our early @entity309 cohort the proportion of @entity1 in remission [Disease Activity Score (DAS28)<2.6], with normalized function [ @entity283 ( @entity283 ) = 0], and with changed working situation since disease onset. Candidate predictors of remission, normalized function, and work change were studied by subgroup comparison and logistic regression analysis, including demographics, education, rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, treatment, and DAS28, @entity283 , @entity158 (on the visual analogue scale, VAS). RESULTS: Median (interquartile range, IQR) disease duration was 18 (29) months. Of 89 @entity1 included, 69% were in remission. DAS28, @entity283 , @entity158 of these @entity1 were lower throughout year 1, although similar at baseline, compared to @entity1 not in remission. At month 4, more of these @entity1 were already good responders. Remission at month 4 independently predicted remission at follow-up. Thirty-eight per cent had no functional limitations; compared to @entity1 with limitations, they had a lower baseline @entity283 and lower DAS28, @entity283 , @entity158 during year 1. At month 4, more achieved remission or @entity283 = 0. Male sex, baseline @entity283 , and month 4 good European League Against @entity627 (EULAR) response predicted long-term @entity283 = 0, but month 4 @entity283 = 0 was the strongest independent predictor. Of the 40% with a paid job at baseline, 43.8% reported changes in their work situation; they had higher DAS28, @entity283 , @entity158 during year 1. Failing a month 4 good EULAR response independently predicted work change. CONCLUSION: Month 4 disease response predicts later remission, normalized physical function, and work change in @entity309 .

title: Predictors of remission, normalized physical function, and changes in the working situation during follow-up of XXXX with early @entity309 : an observational study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A masked facial expression, one of the hallmark features of @entity191 ( @entity191 ), can form the basis for misattributions by others about a @entity1 's mood or interest levels. Reports of preserved intensity of internal emotional experience in @entity191 @entity1 raise the question of whether @entity1 are aware of their outward expressivity levels. The aim of the present study was to determine whether @entity191 @entity1 exhibit deficits in overall emotional expressivity, and if so, whether they are aware of these deficits. We evaluated 37 non-demented @entity191 @entity1 and 21 comparison @entity1 using the Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ). To examine awareness of emotional expressivity, we compared @entity1 self-ratings of their own expressivity to ratings made by family members or close friends. @entity1 also completed questionnaires regarding @entity308 and apathy and underwent motor examination and cognitive screening. @entity191 @entity1 ' self-ratings of emotional expressivity were significantly lower than comparison @entity1 ' self-ratings. Even so, the @entity191 @entity1 viewed themselves as experiencing equivalent levels of emotional intensity to comparison @entity1 , based on analysis of the BEQ subscales. Informant and @entity191 @entity1 self-ratings did not differ, indicating that @entity191 @entity1 accurately appraise the extent of their reduced expressivity. These findings suggest that anosognosia for emotional expressivity is not a prominent feature of nondemented @entity191 . Importantly, @entity191 @entity1 are aware of their reduced expressivity and report experiencing emotions as intensely as comparison @entity1 . These findings highlight the view that diminished emotional expressivity in @entity191 should not be mistaken for decreased subjective emotional experience.

title: Awareness of expressivity deficits in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'participant', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease', 'PD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['non-demented Parkinson disease']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Adequate evaluation of @entity0 resection at surgery continues to be an important issue in surgical care, as over 30% of @entity86 recur locally unless radiation is used to destroy remaining @entity5 cells in the field. Medical Hyperspectral Imaging (MHSI) delivers near-real time images of biomarkers in tissue, providing an assessment of pathophysiology and the potential to distinguish different tissues based on spectral characteristics. METHODS: We have used an experimental @entity106 -induced @entity35 @entity0 model to examine the intraoperative utility of MHSI, in distinguishing @entity5 from normal breast and other tissues. @entity35 @entity5 underwent surgical exposure and MHSI imaging, followed by partial resection of the @entity5 , then MHSI imaging of the resection bed, and finally total resection of @entity5 and of grossly normal-appearing glands. Resected tissue underwent gross examination, MHSI imaging, and histopathological evaluation. RESULTS: An algorithm based on spectral characteristics of tissue types was developed to distinguish between @entity5 and normal tissues. Tissues including @entity5 , blood vessels, muscle, and connective tissue were clearly identified and differentiated by MHSI. Fragments of @entity41 0.5-1 mm in size intentionally left in the operative bed were readily identified. MHSI demonstrated a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 94% for @entity41 , comparable to that of histopathological examination of the @entity5 bed (85% and 92%, respectively). CONCLUSION: We conclude that MHSI may be useful in identifying small @entity41 in a @entity5 resection bed and for indicating areas requiring more extensive resection and more effective biopsy locations to the surgeon.

title: Medical hyperspectral imaging to facilitate XXXX identification during surgery.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor', 'detection of residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'bearing tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative tumors']

answer: @entity41 :: (MESH:D018365,Disease) :: ['residual tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) and angiotensin II type I receptor ( @entity14207 ) antagonists are commonly used as a treatment for @entity101 . Recent experimental and population studies have suggested that these agents may exert an inhibitory effect on malignancy, possibly through anti-angiogenic pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an ACE-I ( @entity3371 ) and an @entity14207 antagonist ( @entity7056 ) in @entity14 . METHODS: The effect of @entity3371 and @entity7056 on @entity5 growth was investigated in a @entity19 model using quantitative stereological and histological analysis. @entity5 microcirculation was assessed by microvascular resin casting. A survival study was also carried out. RESULTS: Both @entity3371 and @entity7056 markedly decreased @entity5 growth when compared to control (P = 0.003 and P = 0.004, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in survival or @entity5 @entity39 for either of the drugs. @entity5 microvasculature exhibited a reduction in central microvascular density, with constriction and tapering of vessels. CONCLUSION: @entity3371 and @entity7056 caused a marked reduction in volume of @entity14 and caused changes in @entity5 microvasculature. However, there was no difference in percentage @entity5 @entity39 or improvements in survival. Further investigation is needed to identify the mode of action of these agents.

title: Effect of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists in a @entity19 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity7056 :: ('MESH:C081309', 'Chemical') :: ['irbesartan']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['Captopril', 'captopril']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer liver metastases']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer liver metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) and angiotensin II type I receptor ( @entity14207 ) antagonists are commonly used as a treatment for @entity101 . Recent experimental and population studies have suggested that these agents may exert an inhibitory effect on malignancy, possibly through anti-angiogenic pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an ACE-I ( @entity3371 ) and an @entity14207 antagonist ( @entity7056 ) in @entity14 . METHODS: The effect of @entity3371 and @entity7056 on @entity5 growth was investigated in a @entity19 model using quantitative stereological and histological analysis. @entity5 microcirculation was assessed by microvascular resin casting. A survival study was also carried out. RESULTS: Both @entity3371 and @entity7056 markedly decreased @entity5 growth when compared to control (P = 0.003 and P = 0.004, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in survival or @entity5 @entity39 for either of the drugs. @entity5 microvasculature exhibited a reduction in central microvascular density, with constriction and tapering of vessels. CONCLUSION: @entity3371 and @entity7056 caused a marked reduction in volume of @entity14 and caused changes in @entity5 microvasculature. However, there was no difference in percentage @entity5 @entity39 or improvements in survival. Further investigation is needed to identify the mode of action of these agents.

title: Effect of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists in a XXXX model of @entity14 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Besides International Prognostic Index, many parameters have proven prognostic significance in @entity146 . However, the most appropriate system of risk stratification in @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) is not yet clear. In this study, we attempt to clarify the prognostic value of platelet count at the onset of @entity706 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2000 and December 2009, 100 @entity1 with @entity1892 receiving R-CEOP (rituximab, @entity786 , @entity1259 , @entity1891 , and @entity617 ) in a single institution were enrolled. @entity1 characteristics and survival outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Before front-line treatment, 17 @entity1 with @entity882 (< 150   10(9)/L) and 83 @entity1 without @entity882 were enrolled. @entity882 @entity1 initially presented with more B symptoms (P = .040), more bone marrow involvement (P = .001), later staging (P = .001), and higher International Prognostic Index (P < .001). @entity882 was shown to be an independently poor prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis of overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 3.405; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.431-8.101; P = .006) and progression-free survival (HR, 4.299; 95% CI, 1.786-10.343; P = .001). CONCLUSION: Platelet count at diagnosis is a simple but useful indicator for predicting survival outcomes of @entity1892 . Although the mechanisms of @entity882 may be complex in @entity706 , further investigations are warranted to illustrate the predictive merit.

title: Prognostic value of platelet count in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia', 'Thrombocytopenic', 'thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['DLBCL', 'diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['diffuse large B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although lateral retinacular release (LR) surgery has historically been one of the most commonly used arthroscopic procedures for the treatment of patellar instability and anterior knee @entity158 , it may be associated with complications and poor functional outcome measures. PURPOSE: To examine the clinical efficacy of open lateral retinacular closure (LRC), a novel but technically simple procedure in the treatment of disabling anterolateral knee @entity158 , @entity925 , and positive medial patellar apprehension testing in @entity1 who have undergone prior arthroscopic LR surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: The records of 22 @entity1 who had previously undergone an arthroscopic LR and underwent a diagnostic arthroscopy and LRC were reviewed. Physical examination findings and symptoms after prior LR surgery, duration between LR and LRC surgeries, and arthroscopic findings immediately before LRC were analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative Lysholm knee scores and activity levels were compared, and subjective satisfaction ratings assessed. RESULTS: Average follow-up after LRC was 3.2 years. Mean preoperative Lysholm knee score was 46.5 (range, 25-90), which improved postoperatively to a mean score of 86 (range, 48-100). Fourteen percent of @entity1 subjectively rated their preoperative function as fair and 86% as poor. Postoperatively, 82% rated themselves as good or excellent and 18% as fair, with all @entity1 improving from the LRC procedure. All @entity1 stated that they would have the procedure again for the same problem. CONCLUSION: Open LRC provides significant @entity158 relief and improvement in functional knee outcome scores in @entity1 with persistent @entity158 and @entity925 at the site of a previous lateral release and a positive medial patellar apprehension test. Lateral release procedures should be considered with caution. For @entity1 with anterolateral knee @entity158 and symptoms of medial patellar instability after lateral release, LRC may provide symptomatic relief and functional improvement.

title: Open lateral retinacular closure surgery for treatment of anterolateral knee XXXX and disability after arthroscopic lateral retinacular release.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['tenderness']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment outcome of different methods for reduction and fixation of isolated zygomatic @entity174 using degree of displacement as a guide to classify @entity1 into closed and open reduction groups. METHODS: This Clinical Trial was conducted at de' Montmorency College of Dentistry/Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore between 21st July 2000 and 30th June 2003. Sixty @entity1 with isolated zygomatic @entity174 were assigned to open and closed reduction groups of treatment depending on the degree of @entity174 . Adequacy of reduction was evaluated by comparing pre and post operative radiographs. Aesthetic outcome was assessed by biometric evaluation. RESULTS: Reduction was adequate in all @entity1 except four. In two of four no @entity154 was apparent. No @entity1 showed post surgical change in position of reduced zygomatic bone. Biometric evaluation revealed acceptable aesthetics and adequate mouth opening in all except two @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that displacement of 2 mm at any of the fractured site on occipitomental radiographs can be successfully used as a criterion to assign @entity1 into open and closed reduction groups, for treatment of isolated zygomatic @entity174 .

title: Choice of operative method for management of isolated zygomatic XXXX ; evidence based study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial deformity']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['bone fractures', 'fracture displacement']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['bone fractures']


abstract: The complement system is important in both innate and adaptive host defense against microbial infection in vertebrates. It contains three pathways: the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways. Complement component factors B and D are two crucial proteases in the alternative pathway. In this study, the genes of complement factors Bf/C2 and Df from @entity4576 , @entity4576 were identified and characterized. Two @entity70837 -related genes, Bf/ @entity10363 and Bf/C2B, and factor D gene Df were identified. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Bf/ @entity10363 and Bf/C2B is likely orthologous to factor B and factor C2, respectively. Southern blot results suggested that these three genes are all single-copy genes in the catfish genome. The catfish Bf/ @entity10363 , Bf/C2B and Df genes were genetically mapped on linkage group 3, 20 and 29, respectively. Bf/ @entity10363 and Bf/C2B are highly expressed in liver and kidney, while Df is highly expressed in gill and spleen. After infection with @entity13195 , the expression of Bf/ @entity10363 , Bf/C2B and Df genes were found to be remarkably induced in the gill, liver, spleen and kidney at some sampling times, indicating that these three complement factors play a pivotal role in immune responses after the @entity2348 in catfish.

title: Alternative complement pathway of XXXX ( @entity4576 ): molecular characterization, mapping and expression analysis of factors Bf/C2 and Df.

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity4576 :: ('7998', 'Species') :: ['Ictalurus punctatus', 'channel catfish']

entities_list: @entity13195 :: ('67780', 'Species') :: ['Edwardsiella ictaluri']

answer: @entity4576 :: (7998,Species) :: ['channel catfish']


abstract: The complement system is important in both innate and adaptive host defense against microbial infection in vertebrates. It contains three pathways: the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways. Complement component factors B and D are two crucial proteases in the alternative pathway. In this study, the genes of complement factors Bf/C2 and Df from @entity4576 , @entity4576 were identified and characterized. Two @entity70837 -related genes, Bf/ @entity10363 and Bf/C2B, and factor D gene Df were identified. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Bf/ @entity10363 and Bf/C2B is likely orthologous to factor B and factor C2, respectively. Southern blot results suggested that these three genes are all single-copy genes in the catfish genome. The catfish Bf/ @entity10363 , Bf/C2B and Df genes were genetically mapped on linkage group 3, 20 and 29, respectively. Bf/ @entity10363 and Bf/C2B are highly expressed in liver and kidney, while Df is highly expressed in gill and spleen. After infection with @entity13195 , the expression of Bf/ @entity10363 , Bf/C2B and Df genes were found to be remarkably induced in the gill, liver, spleen and kidney at some sampling times, indicating that these three complement factors play a pivotal role in immune responses after the @entity2348 in catfish.

title: Alternative complement pathway of @entity4576 ( XXXX ): molecular characterization, mapping and expression analysis of factors Bf/C2 and Df.

answer: @entity4576 :: (7998,Species) :: ['Ictalurus punctatus']