abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess efficacy and morbidity of microwave ablation (MWA) for small @entity703 in an initial cohort of @entity1 . MWA is a recently introduced thermal needle ablation treatment modality with theoretical advantages compared with radiofrequency ablation, such as greater intratumoral temperatures, lack of a grounding pad, and superior convection profile. However, experience has been limited in the @entity1 kidney. METHODS: Ten @entity1 with a single, solid-enhancing @entity703 from June 2008 to November 2008 received laparoscopic or computed tomography-guided percutaneous MWA at a tertiary referral center with >= 14 months of follow-up. MWA was performed using the Valleylab Evident, 915-MHz MWA system at 45 W with intraoperative biopsy before ablation, and peripheral fiberoptic thermometry to determine the treatment endpoints. The @entity1 were followed up with contrast-enhanced computed tomography at 1 month, 6 months to 1 year, and annually to monitor for @entity5 recurrence. RESULTS: The follow-up duration for the 6 male and 4 female @entity1 (mean @entity5 size 3.65 cm, range 2.0-5.5; mean age 69.8 years) was 17.9 months. The recurrence rate, defined by persistent enhancement, was 38% (3 of 8). The intraoperative and postoperative complication rate was 20% and 40%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: MWA resulted in poor oncologic outcomes with a significant complication rate at an intermediate level of follow-up. However, MWA has promising theoretical advantages and should not be discarded. Additional studies should be considered to better understand the microwave-tissue interaction and treatment endpoints for different size renal masses before widespread use.

title: Initial experience using microwave ablation therapy for XXXX treatment: 18-month follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumor', 'renal tumors']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the cost-effectiveness a school-based intervention designed to reduce overweight/ @entity28 and other cardiovascular risk factors in @entity1 . METHODS: Standard cost effectiveness analysis methods and two perspectives (societal and institutional) were used. A cluster-randomized controlled trial with 10 intervention schools (691 @entity1 ) and 10 control schools (718 @entity1 ) was performed. Net costs were calculated by subtracting the usual after-school care cost from intervention costs. The effectiveness of the intervention was measured as the reduction in health outcomes compared with the control group. RESULTS: The intervention costs totaled 125,469.75   , representing 269.83    /year/ @entity1 . The usual after-school care was estimated at 844,56    /year/ @entity1 . Intervention @entity1 showed a decrease in triceps skinfold thickness (-1.25mm, 95% CI: -1.82 to -0.67; P<.001). Intervention @entity1 with body mass index (BMI) between the percentiles 25 and 75 showed a decrease in the percentage of body fat (-0.59%; 95% CI: -1.03 to -0.67; P<.001), and those with a BMI>P75 showed a decrease in triceps skinfold thickness (-1.87mm; 95%CI: -3.43 to -0.32; P<.001), and percentage of body fat (-0.67%; 95%CI: -1.32 to -0.01; P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: This type of after-school program for recreational physical activity to prevent @entity28 are likely to be a cost-effective use of public funds and warrant careful consideration by policy makers and program planners.

title: [Cost-effectiveness of an intervention to reduce overweight and XXXX in 9-10-year-olds. The Cuenca study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Ten cases of spindle cell @entity704 with prominent papillary and pseudopapillary features were presented. The @entity1 were 7 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 between the ages of 47 and 75 years. Clinically, 3 @entity1 were asymptomatic, 1 @entity1 presented with @entity662 , 4 @entity1 with @entity1353 , and 1 @entity1 with a history of @entity1907 . One case was found during an autopsy procedure. Nine @entity1 underwent complete surgical resection of their mediastinal @entity5 , which varied in size from 4 to 9 cm in greatest diameter. Histologically, all @entity5 showed a spindle cell appearance (WHO type A) with elongated nuclei and inconspicuous nucleoli. Scattered lymphocytes were present admixed with the spindle cellular proliferation. In addition, all @entity5 showed prominent areas of papillary and pseudopapillary features, which varied in size and type. In some cases, prominent areas of hyalinization were also present, whereas in other cases the papillary-like changes were composed of @entity4 projections, which imparted these @entity5 a unique morphologic growth pattern. Three @entity5 were encapsulated, whereas 7 other @entity5 were invasive. Immunohistochemical studies for keratin CAM5.2 and keratin 5/6 showed strong positive reaction, whereas other stains including @entity10580 , calretinin, @entity2279 , and thyroglobulin were negative. Follow-up information showed that 2 @entity1 are alive and well, whereas 3 @entity1 have died. No follow-up information was obtained in 4 @entity1 . The current morphologic appearance has not been previously emphasized in @entity704 , which is important to recognize to avoid misdiagnosis with other @entity6830 .

title: Spindle cell XXXX (WHO Type A) with prominent papillary and pseudopapillary features: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 10 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity704 :: ('MESH:D013945', 'Disease') :: ['thymomas']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['shortness of breath']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous']

entities_list: @entity6830 :: ('MESH:D008479', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinal neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity704 :: (MESH:D013945,Disease) :: ['thymomas']


abstract: @entity1963 ( @entity1963 ) is defined by the absence of intramural ganglia of Meissner and Auerbach along variable lengths of the gastrointestinal tract. @entity528 ( @entity528 ) type B is characterized by the @entity600 of the parasympathetic submucous plexus of the gut. A connection appears to exist between these two @entity3002 . Due to the major role played by the @entity8958 proto-oncogene in @entity1963 , we sought to determine whether this gene was also related to INDB. dHPLC techniques were employed to screen the @entity8958 coding region in 23 @entity1 presenting with INDB and 30 @entity1 with a combined @entity1963 +INDB phenotype. In addition, eight @entity8958 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were strategically selected and genotyped by TaqMan technology. The distribution of SNPs and haplotypes was compared among the different groups of @entity1 (INDB, @entity1963 +INDB, @entity1963 ) and the controls. We found several @entity8958 mutations in our @entity1 and some differences in the distribution of the @entity8958 SNPs among the groups of study. Our results suggest an involvement of @entity8958 in the pathogenesis of intestinal INDB, although by different molecular mechanisms than those leading to @entity1963 . Further investigation is warranted to elucidate these precise mechanisms and to clarify the genetic nature of INDB.

title: Is the XXXX proto-oncogene involved in the pathogenesis of @entity528 type B?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3002 :: ('MESH:D009421', 'Disease') :: ['enteric nervous system abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1963 :: ('MESH:D006627', 'Disease') :: ['HSCR', 'Hirschsprung disease']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['Intestinal neuronal dysplasia', 'IND']

answer: @entity8958 :: (5979,Gene) :: ['RET']


abstract: @entity1963 ( @entity1963 ) is defined by the absence of intramural ganglia of Meissner and Auerbach along variable lengths of the gastrointestinal tract. @entity528 ( @entity528 ) type B is characterized by the @entity600 of the parasympathetic submucous plexus of the gut. A connection appears to exist between these two @entity3002 . Due to the major role played by the @entity8958 proto-oncogene in @entity1963 , we sought to determine whether this gene was also related to INDB. dHPLC techniques were employed to screen the @entity8958 coding region in 23 @entity1 presenting with INDB and 30 @entity1 with a combined @entity1963 +INDB phenotype. In addition, eight @entity8958 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were strategically selected and genotyped by TaqMan technology. The distribution of SNPs and haplotypes was compared among the different groups of @entity1 (INDB, @entity1963 +INDB, @entity1963 ) and the controls. We found several @entity8958 mutations in our @entity1 and some differences in the distribution of the @entity8958 SNPs among the groups of study. Our results suggest an involvement of @entity8958 in the pathogenesis of intestinal INDB, although by different molecular mechanisms than those leading to @entity1963 . Further investigation is warranted to elucidate these precise mechanisms and to clarify the genetic nature of INDB.

title: Is the @entity8958 proto-oncogene involved in the pathogenesis of XXXX type B?

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['intestinal neuronal dysplasia']


abstract: We have previously reported the @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) sensitivity of @entity5 cells from @entity14 ( @entity14 ) @entity1 using the collagen gel droplet embedded culture-drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) under multiple drug concentrations and contact durations. Moreover, the area under the concentration curve (AUC) and growth inhibition rate (IR) were combined, resulting in the AUC-IR curve, which was approximated to the logarithmic curve. In the present study, we used the AUC-IR curve to calculate the individualized AUCIR50, the AUC value that imparts 50% growth inhibition. Individual AUCIR50 was calculated in @entity14 @entity1 , and its distribution was evaluated. The cumulative distribution of individual AUCIR50 was regressed over two lines (logarithmic scale). Among the 45 resectable @entity14 @entity1 , those who achieved more than the individual AUCIR50 during post-operative @entity1487 -based chemotherapy demonstrated a trend towards better disease-free survival compared to those who did not achieve AUCIR50. Of the @entity4620 @entity1 (n=10), those who achieved more than twice the individual AUCIR50 during post-operative @entity1487 -based chemotherapy demonstrated significantly better survival rates (p=0.05) than those who did not. In this study, the distribution of the individual AUCIR50 suggested that approximately 6% of @entity1 demonstrated very low @entity1487 sensitivity. Therefore, the individual AUCIR50 was useful in classifying good, intermediate and poor @entity1487 response. Achievement of the individual AUCIR50 may be a prerequisite for individualized @entity1487 -based adjuvant chemotherapy. As well, the early achievement of twice the individual AUCIR50 may indicate an improved prognosis in @entity4620 @entity1 . The individual AUCIR50 using CD-DST is useful in determining the individualized chemotherapy of @entity14 @entity1 , thus CD-DST has the potential to facilitate the establishment of individualized chemotherapy for @entity14 .

title: Evaluation of the individual 50% inhibitory area under the concentration curve of @entity1487 based on the collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: We have previously reported the @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) sensitivity of @entity5 cells from @entity14 ( @entity14 ) @entity1 using the collagen gel droplet embedded culture-drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) under multiple drug concentrations and contact durations. Moreover, the area under the concentration curve (AUC) and growth inhibition rate (IR) were combined, resulting in the AUC-IR curve, which was approximated to the logarithmic curve. In the present study, we used the AUC-IR curve to calculate the individualized AUCIR50, the AUC value that imparts 50% growth inhibition. Individual AUCIR50 was calculated in @entity14 @entity1 , and its distribution was evaluated. The cumulative distribution of individual AUCIR50 was regressed over two lines (logarithmic scale). Among the 45 resectable @entity14 @entity1 , those who achieved more than the individual AUCIR50 during post-operative @entity1487 -based chemotherapy demonstrated a trend towards better disease-free survival compared to those who did not achieve AUCIR50. Of the @entity4620 @entity1 (n=10), those who achieved more than twice the individual AUCIR50 during post-operative @entity1487 -based chemotherapy demonstrated significantly better survival rates (p=0.05) than those who did not. In this study, the distribution of the individual AUCIR50 suggested that approximately 6% of @entity1 demonstrated very low @entity1487 sensitivity. Therefore, the individual AUCIR50 was useful in classifying good, intermediate and poor @entity1487 response. Achievement of the individual AUCIR50 may be a prerequisite for individualized @entity1487 -based adjuvant chemotherapy. As well, the early achievement of twice the individual AUCIR50 may indicate an improved prognosis in @entity4620 @entity1 . The individual AUCIR50 using CD-DST is useful in determining the individualized chemotherapy of @entity14 @entity1 , thus CD-DST has the potential to facilitate the establishment of individualized chemotherapy for @entity14 .

title: Evaluation of the individual 50% inhibitory area under the concentration curve of XXXX based on the collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test in @entity14 .

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the analgesic effects of locally applied @entity6948 in third molar surgery under general anesthesia. METHODS: @entity1 undergoing bilateral third molar surgery under general anesthesia were recruited into this double-blind, randomized, controlled study and were allocated to 3 study groups. Group D received preincision intravenous @entity6948 (1 mcg/kg) and direct infiltration of normal saline to the surgical wounds at the end of the surgery. Group P received preincision intravenous normal saline and direct infiltration of @entity6948 (1  g /kg) to the surgical wounds at the end of the surgery. A control group (group N) received normal saline at both time points. Postoperative analgesic effects, analgesic consumption, @entity158 satisfaction score, vital signs, adverse events, and postoperative recovery were assessed. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 from each group were studied. Postoperative resting @entity158 numerical rating scale scores were similar in all the groups. However, the areas under curves of numerical rating scale @entity158 scores during mouth opening for 1 to 72 hours were significantly lower in group P than in group N (P=0.012). Both heart rate and systolic blood pressure in the immediate postoperative period were significantly lower in groups D and P than in group N (P<0.001). @entity1 from groups D and P were also more sedated than @entity1 in group N (P=0.013 and P=0.007, respectively) but no difference in psychomotor recovery was observed. Respiratory rate, @entity26 saturation, common side effects, wound @entity281 rate, and @entity158 satisfaction scores were similar among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6948 seems to have an antihyperalgesic effect when administered locally after bilateral third molar surgery. There is no delay in psychomotor recovery or increase in postoperative clinically significant adverse events.

title: Evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of local XXXX application.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'global pain']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']


abstract: Few studies have investigated the impact of school-based physical activity interventions on anthropometric characteristics concomitantly with aerobic and anaerobic capacities in young @entity1 . The present study aimed to assess the effect of a 6-month physical activity program on body composition and physical fitness among primary schoolchildren. Four hundred fifty-seven @entity1 aged 6 to 10 years were randomly assigned to the intervention group (229 @entity1 ) or observational group (228 @entity1 ). @entity1 ' height and weight were assessed, and @entity28 was determined using French reference curves for BMI. The sum of the four skinfolds and fat-free mass were determined. Ground tests were used to assess aerobic (20-m shuttle run test) and anaerobic (cycling peak power) fitness before and after a 6-month physical activity intervention. The anthropometric modifications obtained over the 6 months cannot be attributed to the intervention as the ANOVA revealed no group effect (intervention vs. group). However, anaerobic and aerobic fitness were significantly improved, thanks to the program in both lean and @entity28 @entity1 . A 6-month school-based physical activity intervention in 6- to 10-year-old @entity1 did not yield positive anthropometric improvements, but appears effective in terms of aerobic and anaerobic physical fitness. Two physical activity sessions per week in addition to standard physical education classes in primary schoolchildren bring effective results for the prevention of @entity28 .

title: Effect of a 6-month school-based physical activity program on body composition and physical XXXX schoolchildren.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['childhood obesity', 'obese', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['fitness in lean and obese']


abstract: Sex hormones induce @entity204 or cell proliferation in various cell lines and in primary cultures. However, the signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that @entity1420 and @entity251 induce apoptosis in HUVECs in a @entity3963 - and @entity4675 -dependent manner, and that @entity53 promotes proliferation via the activation of @entity3963 . We showed that, at physiological doses, @entity1420 and @entity251 promoted @entity3963 , but not @entity4675 , phosphorylation. Hormone inhibitors, on the other hand, prevented @entity3963 phosphorylation. When supraphysiological doses were applied, both @entity3963 and @entity4675 were phosphorylated, causing apoptotic cell @entity204 . The addition of hormone inhibitors at an appropriate concentration did not prevent cell @entity204 or the phosphorylation of @entity3963 and @entity4675 . @entity53 , at physiological doses, promoted an increase in @entity3963 phosphorylation that was blocked by @entity1299 . At physiological and supraphysiological doses, it promoted a proliferative effect. In conclusion, these findings suggest that @entity4675 has an important pro-apoptotic function following @entity1420 and @entity251 treatment in @entity1 endothelial cells, and that @entity3963 has a proliferative effect following @entity53 treatment.

title: Effect of @entity53 , @entity1420 and XXXX on apoptosis- and proliferation-induced MAPK signaling in @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['Estradiol', 'estradiol']

entities_list: @entity1299 :: ('MESH:C070081', 'Chemical') :: ['fulvestrant']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['testosterone']


abstract: Sex hormones induce @entity204 or cell proliferation in various cell lines and in primary cultures. However, the signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that @entity1420 and @entity251 induce apoptosis in HUVECs in a @entity3963 - and @entity4675 -dependent manner, and that @entity53 promotes proliferation via the activation of @entity3963 . We showed that, at physiological doses, @entity1420 and @entity251 promoted @entity3963 , but not @entity4675 , phosphorylation. Hormone inhibitors, on the other hand, prevented @entity3963 phosphorylation. When supraphysiological doses were applied, both @entity3963 and @entity4675 were phosphorylated, causing apoptotic cell @entity204 . The addition of hormone inhibitors at an appropriate concentration did not prevent cell @entity204 or the phosphorylation of @entity3963 and @entity4675 . @entity53 , at physiological doses, promoted an increase in @entity3963 phosphorylation that was blocked by @entity1299 . At physiological and supraphysiological doses, it promoted a proliferative effect. In conclusion, these findings suggest that @entity4675 has an important pro-apoptotic function following @entity1420 and @entity251 treatment in @entity1 endothelial cells, and that @entity3963 has a proliferative effect following @entity53 treatment.

title: Effect of XXXX , @entity1420 and @entity251 on apoptosis- and proliferation-induced MAPK signaling in @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells.

answer: @entity53 :: (MESH:D004958,Chemical) :: ['estradiol']


abstract: Sex hormones induce @entity204 or cell proliferation in various cell lines and in primary cultures. However, the signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that @entity1420 and @entity251 induce apoptosis in HUVECs in a @entity3963 - and @entity4675 -dependent manner, and that @entity53 promotes proliferation via the activation of @entity3963 . We showed that, at physiological doses, @entity1420 and @entity251 promoted @entity3963 , but not @entity4675 , phosphorylation. Hormone inhibitors, on the other hand, prevented @entity3963 phosphorylation. When supraphysiological doses were applied, both @entity3963 and @entity4675 were phosphorylated, causing apoptotic cell @entity204 . The addition of hormone inhibitors at an appropriate concentration did not prevent cell @entity204 or the phosphorylation of @entity3963 and @entity4675 . @entity53 , at physiological doses, promoted an increase in @entity3963 phosphorylation that was blocked by @entity1299 . At physiological and supraphysiological doses, it promoted a proliferative effect. In conclusion, these findings suggest that @entity4675 has an important pro-apoptotic function following @entity1420 and @entity251 treatment in @entity1 endothelial cells, and that @entity3963 has a proliferative effect following @entity53 treatment.

title: Effect of @entity53 , XXXX and @entity251 on apoptosis- and proliferation-induced MAPK signaling in @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells.

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['progesterone']


abstract: Sex hormones induce @entity204 or cell proliferation in various cell lines and in primary cultures. However, the signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that @entity1420 and @entity251 induce apoptosis in HUVECs in a @entity3963 - and @entity4675 -dependent manner, and that @entity53 promotes proliferation via the activation of @entity3963 . We showed that, at physiological doses, @entity1420 and @entity251 promoted @entity3963 , but not @entity4675 , phosphorylation. Hormone inhibitors, on the other hand, prevented @entity3963 phosphorylation. When supraphysiological doses were applied, both @entity3963 and @entity4675 were phosphorylated, causing apoptotic cell @entity204 . The addition of hormone inhibitors at an appropriate concentration did not prevent cell @entity204 or the phosphorylation of @entity3963 and @entity4675 . @entity53 , at physiological doses, promoted an increase in @entity3963 phosphorylation that was blocked by @entity1299 . At physiological and supraphysiological doses, it promoted a proliferative effect. In conclusion, these findings suggest that @entity4675 has an important pro-apoptotic function following @entity1420 and @entity251 treatment in @entity1 endothelial cells, and that @entity3963 has a proliferative effect following @entity53 treatment.

title: Effect of @entity53 , @entity1420 and @entity251 on apoptosis- and proliferation-induced MAPK signaling in XXXX umbilical vein endothelial cells.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present the early results of the use of third-generation cryotherapy as primary treatment for @entity263 in China. @entity1 AND METHODS: From January 2006 to December 2009, 102 @entity1 underwent primary cryosurgery for clinically @entity263 . All @entity1 underwent a dual freeze-thaw cycle using third-generation cryotechnology with ultrathin 17-gauge cryoneedles. RESULTS: The @entity1486 (PSA) level for all @entity1 at the last follow-up visit was less than 0.5 ng/ml in 94 @entity1 (92.2%) and 0.5 ng/ml or more in 8 (7.8%). One @entity1 (1.0%) had recurrent @entity263 confirmed by prostate biopsy and was treated with salvage cryotherapy. Seven other @entity1 (6.9%) had an elevated PSA level after cryotherapy despite negative posttreatment biopsies and a metastatic evaluation. Of 102 @entity1 , 1 @entity1 was incontinent preoperatively. Of the remaining 101 @entity1 , 4 @entity1 (4.0%) developed mild incontinence requiring 1 to 2 pads per day. Urethral sloughing occurred in 5 of the 102 @entity1 (4.9%) and in 1 of these @entity1 (1.0%) required transurethral resection of sloughing. The rates of @entity323 were 64.1%. No @entity3832 , @entity292 , @entity1118 was reported. The median inpatient stay after cryoablation was 3.2 days. CONCLUSION: Early results suggest that cryotherapy offers a safe and effective alternative for the primary treatment of @entity263 . Additional studies with longer follow-up are necessary to determine the sustained efficacy of this procedure.

title: Cryosurgery as primary treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['rectourethral fistulas']

entities_list: @entity3832 :: ('MESH:D014525', 'Disease') :: ['urethral strictures']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['urinary retention, or chronic pelvic pain']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['localized prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The head and neck is the most common site of @entity320 , a @entity5 with poor prognosis. In contrast to @entity320 , @entity320 of the head and neck (MMHN) is uncommon, with limited data regarding outcomes and prognostic factors drawn from small, single-institution case series. In order to identify factors predictive of survival, we analyzed MMHN outcomes in a large US cohort. METHODS: MMHN cases (n = 815) diagnosed in the USA between 1973 and 2007 were analyzed in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, and cause of @entity204 was individually determined in 778 (95.5%) cases. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to analyze prognostic variables. RESULTS: Disease-specific survival status was determined in 778 (95.5%) cases. The 5- and 10-year rates of @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were 25.2 and 12.2%; disease-specific survival (DSS), 32.4 and 19.3%. On multivariable analysis, anatomic primary site was an independent predictor of @entity1349 and DSS, with @entity5 in the nasal cavity and oral cavity associated with survival superior to @entity5 in the nasopharynx and paranasal sinuses. Age > 70 years, @entity5 size, nodal status, and distant @entity3 status were additional independent predictors of poorer survival. CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of @entity1 with MMHN, we have identified several novel factors robustly predictive of overall and @entity320 -specific survival.

title: Predictors of survival in XXXX of the head and neck.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'cutaneous melanoma', 'mucosal melanoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['mucosal melanoma']


abstract: Three cases of @entity3621 associated with @entity75 of the body of the stomach are presented. The endoscopic congo-red test showed the red to black color changes of the sprayed congo-red only on the top of the polypoid lesions. The endoscopic @entity845 -blue test revealed no dye absorption on the antral mucosa or on the top of the polypoid lesions, while the dye was absorbed on the flat mucosa surrounding the top of the polypoid lesions. Histological examinations revealed well-preserved oxyntic glands on the top of the polypoid lesions. The flat mucosa showed marked @entity194 . There have been several reports of experimental models of @entity3621 , where chief and parietal cells decreased in considerable number. These findings and the experimental models suggest that the polypoid lesions resulted from @entity4726 . The top of the polypoid lesions is the residual oxyntic glands. The lesions, therefore, should be called "gastric pseudopolyposis." The spontaneous disappearance of the polypoid lesions seen in one case is thought to be a result of a further progression of the @entity4726 . A pronounced G-cell increase was noted in the antrum and lower body of the stomach. This is considered a secondary phenomenon following the marked reduction of acid secretion.

title: Gastric pseudopolyposis: a new clinical manifestation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4726 :: ('MESH:D005757', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic changes of type A gastritis', 'atrophic gastritis']

entities_list: @entity845 :: ('CHEBI:29358', 'Chemical') :: ['methylene']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multiple polypoid lesions']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy or intestinal metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['type A gastritis']

answer: @entity3621 :: (MESH:D005756,Disease) :: ['type A gastritis']


abstract: Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the B-lymphocyte antigen CD20, has shown promise in several @entity792 . @entity5970 ( @entity5970 ) is an @entity792 characterised by autoantibodies to @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ). An open-label, proof-of-concept phase II clinical trial was conducted in 10 @entity5970 @entity1 . The intervention consisted of two intravenous infusions of rituximab (1,000 mg) 15 days apart. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and peripheral blood samples were collected. The primary outcome was improvement in arterial blood oxygenation. Both arterial @entity26 tension and alveolar-arterial @entity26 tension difference in room air improved in seven out of the nine @entity1 completing the study. Lung function and high-resolution computed tomography scans, which were secondary outcomes, also improved. Peripheral blood @entity1075 + B-lymphocytes decreased from mean    sem 15    2% to <0.05% (n = 10) 15 days post-therapy. This decrease persisted for 3 months in all @entity1 ; at 6 months, @entity1075 + B-cells were detected in four out of seven @entity1 (5    2%). Total anti- @entity2841 immunoglobulin (Ig)G levels from baseline to 6 months were decreased in BAL fluids (n = 8) but unchanged in sera (n = 9). In this @entity5970 cohort: 1) rituximab was well-tolerated and effectively ameliorated @entity358 ; and 2) reduction in anti- @entity2841 IgG levels in the lung correlated with disease changes, suggesting that disease pathogenesis is related to autoantibody levels in the target organ.

title: An open-label trial of rituximab therapy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disorders', 'autoimmune disorder']

entities_list: @entity5970 :: ('MESH:D011649', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis', 'PAP']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor', 'GM-CSF']

answer: @entity5970 :: (MESH:D011649,Disease) :: ['pulmonary alveolar proteinosis']


abstract: The effect of @entity934 ( @entity1617 ), @entity935 (DA), and @entity1812 (BK) on vascular tone was examined in interlobular arteries and superficial afferent and efferent arterioles isolated from @entity95 kidney. A single microvessel was dissected and cannulated, and lumen diameter was measured at a fixed intraluminal pressure. @entity1617 caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity1063 -induced tone in all three vessel types. Significant relaxation (10-20%) was observed with 10(-8) M @entity1617 and higher concentrations caused complete relaxation. In afferent and efferent arterioles DA caused a dose-dependent relaxation that was indistinguishable from the one caused by @entity1617 . However, DA was much less effective on interlobular arteries. Significant relaxation was not observed until 10(-5) M DA, and 10(-4) M caused only a 30-40% relaxation. In afferent arterioles @entity3897 blocked the effect of @entity1617 , and @entity1769 selectively inhibited DA-induced relaxation. BK (10(-9) to 10(-5) M) caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity1063 -induced tone only in efferent arterioles. BK, either in the bath or lumen, had no effect on the preglomerular microvessels. @entity1617 and DA also caused relaxation of afferent arterioles with spontaneous tone while all three vasodilators relaxed efferent arterioles with spontaneous tone. The results demonstrate segmental heterogeneity for these vasodilators in the @entity95 renal microvasculature, with @entity1617 causing relaxation in all three vessel types, DA acting primarily on the glomerular arterioles, and BK affecting only the efferent arteriole.

title: Response of isolated renal arterioles to @entity934 , XXXX , and @entity1812 .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['metoclopramide']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: The effect of @entity934 ( @entity1617 ), @entity935 (DA), and @entity1812 (BK) on vascular tone was examined in interlobular arteries and superficial afferent and efferent arterioles isolated from @entity95 kidney. A single microvessel was dissected and cannulated, and lumen diameter was measured at a fixed intraluminal pressure. @entity1617 caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity1063 -induced tone in all three vessel types. Significant relaxation (10-20%) was observed with 10(-8) M @entity1617 and higher concentrations caused complete relaxation. In afferent and efferent arterioles DA caused a dose-dependent relaxation that was indistinguishable from the one caused by @entity1617 . However, DA was much less effective on interlobular arteries. Significant relaxation was not observed until 10(-5) M DA, and 10(-4) M caused only a 30-40% relaxation. In afferent arterioles @entity3897 blocked the effect of @entity1617 , and @entity1769 selectively inhibited DA-induced relaxation. BK (10(-9) to 10(-5) M) caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity1063 -induced tone only in efferent arterioles. BK, either in the bath or lumen, had no effect on the preglomerular microvessels. @entity1617 and DA also caused relaxation of afferent arterioles with spontaneous tone while all three vasodilators relaxed efferent arterioles with spontaneous tone. The results demonstrate segmental heterogeneity for these vasodilators in the @entity95 renal microvasculature, with @entity1617 causing relaxation in all three vessel types, DA acting primarily on the glomerular arterioles, and BK affecting only the efferent arteriole.

title: Response of isolated renal arterioles to XXXX , @entity935 , and @entity1812 .

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: The effect of @entity934 ( @entity1617 ), @entity935 (DA), and @entity1812 (BK) on vascular tone was examined in interlobular arteries and superficial afferent and efferent arterioles isolated from @entity95 kidney. A single microvessel was dissected and cannulated, and lumen diameter was measured at a fixed intraluminal pressure. @entity1617 caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity1063 -induced tone in all three vessel types. Significant relaxation (10-20%) was observed with 10(-8) M @entity1617 and higher concentrations caused complete relaxation. In afferent and efferent arterioles DA caused a dose-dependent relaxation that was indistinguishable from the one caused by @entity1617 . However, DA was much less effective on interlobular arteries. Significant relaxation was not observed until 10(-5) M DA, and 10(-4) M caused only a 30-40% relaxation. In afferent arterioles @entity3897 blocked the effect of @entity1617 , and @entity1769 selectively inhibited DA-induced relaxation. BK (10(-9) to 10(-5) M) caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity1063 -induced tone only in efferent arterioles. BK, either in the bath or lumen, had no effect on the preglomerular microvessels. @entity1617 and DA also caused relaxation of afferent arterioles with spontaneous tone while all three vasodilators relaxed efferent arterioles with spontaneous tone. The results demonstrate segmental heterogeneity for these vasodilators in the @entity95 renal microvasculature, with @entity1617 causing relaxation in all three vessel types, DA acting primarily on the glomerular arterioles, and BK affecting only the efferent arteriole.

title: Response of isolated renal arterioles to @entity934 , @entity935 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity1812 :: (MESH:D001920,Chemical) :: ['bradykinin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity740 is associated with a marked increase in risk for @entity4346 and @entity65 compared with the general population. Therapy with @entity560 receptor activators has been linked with reduced mortality in @entity740 and an improvement in @entity4346 in animal studies. PURPOSE: PRIMO ( @entity21453 capsules benefits in @entity177 Induced @entity418 MOrbidity) is a multinational, multicenter randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of @entity21453 (a selective @entity560 receptor activator) on mild to moderate @entity4346 in @entity1 with @entity740 . METHODS: Subjects with mild-moderate @entity740 are randomized to @entity21453 or placebo after confirming @entity4346 using a cardiac echocardiogram. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is then used to assess left ventricular mass index at baseline, 24 and 48 weeks, which is the primary efficacy endpoint of the study. Because of limited prior data to estimate sample size, a maximum information group sequential design with sample size re-estimation is implemented to allow sample size adjustment based on the nuisance parameter estimated using the interim data. An interim efficacy analysis is planned at a pre-specified time point conditioned on the status of enrollment. The decision to increase sample size depends on the observed treatment effect. A repeated measures analysis model, using available data at Week 24 and 48 with a backup model of an ANCOVA analyzing change from baseline to the final nonmissing observation, are pre-specified to evaluate the treatment effect. Gamma-family of spending function is employed to control family-wise Type I error rate as stopping for success is planned in the interim efficacy analysis. LIMITATIONS: If enrollment is slower than anticipated, the smaller sample size used in the interim efficacy analysis and the greater percent of missing week 48 data might decrease the parameter estimation accuracy, either for the nuisance parameter or for the treatment effect, which might in turn affect the interim decision-making. CONCLUSIONS: The application of combining a group sequential design with a sample-size re-estimation in clinical trial design has the potential to improve efficiency and to increase the probability of trial success while ensuring integrity of the study.

title: The use of group sequential, information-based sample size re-estimation in the design of the PRIMO study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic kidney disease', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity21453 :: ('MESH:C084656', 'Chemical') :: ['Paricalcitol', 'paricalcitol']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['chronic kidney disease']


abstract: A novel facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated Y12(T), was isolated from activated sludge of a wastewater bio-treatment facility. The strain was able to degrade about 90% of added @entity47726 (100 mg l(-1)) within 3 days of incubation. Growth occurred in the presence of 0-4.5% (w/v) @entity1219 (optimum 0.5%), at 10-40   C (optimum 28   C) and at pH 5.5-10.0 (optimum pH 7.0). Vesicular internal membrane structures and photoheterotrophic growth were not observed. The major respiratory @entity3276 was @entity50558 and the major cellular @entity844 was summed feature 8 (C(18:1)  6c and/or C(18:1)  7c). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain Y12(T) was 63.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that strain Y12(T) was a member of the genus Catellibacterium, as it showed highest sequence similarities to Catellibacterium caeni DCA-1(T) (99.1%) and <96.0% similarities with other species of the genus Catellibacterium. Strain Y12(T) showed low DNA-DNA relatedness values with C. caeni DCA-1(T). Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic properties, strain Y12(T) represents a novel species of the genus Catellibacterium, for which the name Catellibacterium nanjingense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Y12(T) (=CCTCC AB 2010218(T) =KCTC 23298(T)). An emended description of the genus Catellibacterium is also presented.

title: Catellibacterium nanjingense sp. nov., a XXXX -degrading bacterium isolated from activated sludge, and emended description of the genus Catellibacterium.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

answer: @entity47726 :: (MESH:D011411,Chemical) :: ['propanil']


abstract: Between October 1980 and July 1983, 13 @entity1 with clinical @entity978 who had a large mediastinal mass (mediastinal mass ratio, MMR greater than 1/3) were entered into a prospective treatment program emphasizing irradiation. Careful clinical staging, including CT scanning, was completed in order to define precisely the extent of disease in the chest. All @entity1 had a negative lymphogram. The range of MMR was .34 to .56 (median .39). By the time mantle irradiation was completed the MMR ranged from .21 to .35. One @entity1 had such extensive pulmonary parenchymal extension that treatment with combined modality therapy was necessary. Twelve @entity1 underwent laparotomy after adequate reduction of the mediastinal mass size, but only two had subdiaphragmatic disease detected. One @entity1 had disease extension into the lung during mantle irradiation and one @entity1 failed in a rib six months after completion of irradiation. Both have been treated successfully with salvage chemotherapy. All the remaining @entity1 received prophylactic irradiation below the diaphragm and all are doing well with a median follow up of 21 months. The 2 year actuarial freedom from relapse of the entire group of 13 @entity1 is 83%. These early results are very encouraging for this unfavorable group of @entity1 with large mediastinal masses. This may be due to the routine use of CT scans to determine @entity5 volume and @entity146 mantle irradiation, which often includes prophylactic treatment to the lungs. Careful monitoring of @entity5 response and use of a shrinking field technique has helped to keep complications to a minimum.

title: The management of XXXX with a large mediastinal mass: a prospective program emphasizing irradiation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Stage II Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['stage II Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pathological changes in the myocardium in @entity1000 ( @entity384 ) are usually studied using endomyocardial biopsy specimens, but the relationship between pathological changes in the myocardium and clinical findings is unclear. The goal of the study was to examine correlations between clinical findings and histopathological findings in specimens of the left ventricular myocardium collected during left ventriculoplasty in @entity384 @entity1 . METHODS: The subjects were 20 @entity384 @entity1 (17 males and 3 females; mean age: 59    14 years old) who underwent left ventriculoplasty, including 16 cases of overlapping ventriculoplasty (OLVP) and 4 of papillary muscle approximation (PMA) with left ventricular incision. Preoperative age, sex, The New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, the @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) level, cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), echocardiographic data, history of @entity6 , drug history of spironolactone, @entity1289 inhibitor, ARB, and b-blocker were used as clinical findings. Histopathological scores were determined for each @entity1 and semi-quantitative data for @entity1184 , attenuation, vacuolation and @entity82 were obtained. RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between age and interstitial @entity82 . A significant inverse correlation was found between left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd) in echocardiographic data and interstitial @entity82 . There were no other significant relation between histopathological scores and clinical findings. CONCLUSION: From this study, we found that interstitial fibrous increased with aging and more dilated LVDd had less interstitial @entity82 . It is concluded that the kinetics of @entity296 with remodeling might be variable and histopathological findings does not reflect the clinical and hemodynamic changes in @entity384 @entity1 . Further morphological data are needed to verify this result.

title: Histopathological study of specimens obtained by left ventricular biopsy during ventriculoplasty for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'brain natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1000 :: (MESH:C536277,Disease) :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: We report a case of @entity2333 following prolonged ureteral stenting in the left ureter which crossed over the aorta toward the cutaneous ureterostomy stoma. A 59 year-old @entity1 presented @entity548 from the left cutaneous ureterostomy of the single stoma for bilateral ureters. The @entity1 underwent radical hysterectomy and total cystectomy with a single stoma cutaneous ureterostomy for advanced cervical and @entity150 . The postoperative course was uneventful except for @entity2885 due to bilateral @entity1901 , which were treated by bilateral ureteral stenting. The @entity1 had intermittent @entity811 from the left cutaneous ureterostomy for 4 years after ureteral stenting. @entity548 from the left cutaneous ureterostomy requiring a big amount of blood transfusion followed intermittent @entity811 , finally. A Computed tomography (CT) suggested both severe adhesion of the left ureter to the aorta and @entity8 . @entity548 seemed to be caused by @entity2333 . A @entity292 , about 5 mm in diameter, from the left ureter to the aorta was detected at exploration. The defect of aortic wall was closed primarily and then left nephroureterectomy underwent for nonfunctioning kidney. Her postoperative course was uneventful at the 18-month follow-up.

title: XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['left renal pelvic hematoma']

entities_list: @entity1901 :: ('MESH:D014515', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Massive bleeding', 'massive bleeding']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancers']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['uretero-aortic fistula']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

answer: @entity2333 :: (MESH:D001018,Disease) :: ['Uretero-aortic fistula']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The therapeutic effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) were investigated in @entity191 with @entity73 known as impaired set switching. METHODS: Six @entity1 with @entity191 exhibiting impaired performances on the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) were enrolled. Under electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring, rTMS was performed using a concave circular coil once a week for three months. A 0.2-Hz rTMS was applied over the frontal region (Fz) at an intensity of 1.2 x the motor threshold of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) for a total of 100 stimuli per session. The Trail Making Test part B (TMT-B), WCST, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Revised (WAIS-R), Self-rating @entity308 Scale (SDS), @entity177 ( @entity177 ), and 20 m Walk time were evaluated before and after rTMS. Subjective symptoms and objective findings were also evaluated. RESULTS: Significant improvements in the TMT-B and WCST scores after rTMS were observed for all six @entity1 . In addition, the subjective symptoms and objective findings also improved. The 20 m walk time decreased significantly in all four subjects after rTMS. The SDS scores improved in four of the five subjects, although the differences between the baseline and follow-up scores were not significant. No significant improvements in the WAIS-R, @entity177 scores were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Low-frequency suprathreshold rTMS applied over bilateral prefrontal areas alleviated impaired set switching in @entity191 . These results suggest that rTMS can affect the functional recovery of the frontostriatal circuit.

title: Effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['FIM', 'Functional Independence Measure']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: A 32-year-old @entity1 was referred to our hospital for a refractory @entity1066 on her back. She had a history of myelomeningocele with @entity3570 that was treated surgically at birth. The @entity1066 was located at the apex of the @entity1513 . An X-ray film revealed a @entity1513 of 154   between @entity52485 and a scoliosis of 60   between T11 and L5. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory data indicated the presence of a @entity1511 at L2/3. To correct the @entity1513 and remove the infected vertebrae together with the skin @entity1066 , kyphectomy was performed. Pedicle screws were inserted from T8 to T12 and from L4 to S1. The dural sac was transected and ligated at L2, followed by total kyphectomy of the L1-L3 vertebrae. The spinal column was reconstructed by approximating the ventral wall of the T12 vertebral body and the cranial endplate of the L4 vertebra. Postoperatively, the @entity1513 was corrected to 61   and the scoliosis was corrected to 22  . In the present case, we treated the skin @entity1066 and @entity1511 successfully by kyphectomy, thereby, preventing recurrence of the @entity1066 and @entity281 , and simultaneously obtaining sufficient correction of the @entity85 .

title: Kyphectomy for severe XXXX with @entity1511 associated with myelomeningocele: a case report.

entities_list: @entity3570 :: ('MESH:D016135', 'Disease') :: ['spina bifida']

entities_list: @entity1511 :: ('MESH:D013166', 'Disease') :: ['pyogenic spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformity']

answer: @entity1513 :: (MESH:D007738,Disease) :: ['kyphosis']


abstract: A 32-year-old @entity1 was referred to our hospital for a refractory @entity1066 on her back. She had a history of myelomeningocele with @entity3570 that was treated surgically at birth. The @entity1066 was located at the apex of the @entity1513 . An X-ray film revealed a @entity1513 of 154   between @entity52485 and a scoliosis of 60   between T11 and L5. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory data indicated the presence of a @entity1511 at L2/3. To correct the @entity1513 and remove the infected vertebrae together with the skin @entity1066 , kyphectomy was performed. Pedicle screws were inserted from T8 to T12 and from L4 to S1. The dural sac was transected and ligated at L2, followed by total kyphectomy of the L1-L3 vertebrae. The spinal column was reconstructed by approximating the ventral wall of the T12 vertebral body and the cranial endplate of the L4 vertebra. Postoperatively, the @entity1513 was corrected to 61   and the scoliosis was corrected to 22  . In the present case, we treated the skin @entity1066 and @entity1511 successfully by kyphectomy, thereby, preventing recurrence of the @entity1066 and @entity281 , and simultaneously obtaining sufficient correction of the @entity85 .

title: Kyphectomy for severe @entity1513 with XXXX associated with myelomeningocele: a case report.

answer: @entity1511 :: (MESH:D013166,Disease) :: ['pyogenic spondylitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is a quasi-experimental case control research focusing on the impact of systematic preoperative instruction on the level of postoperative @entity148 in gyneoncologic @entity1 . The population studied consists of the gyneoncologic surgery @entity1 admitted to the Gynecologic Oncology Service at Zekai Tahir Burak Gynecology Training and Research Hospital from May to September 2010. @entity1 AND METHODS: Through a random sampling, 60 @entity1 were recruited in each group. The study group was given a systematic preoperative instruction while the control group was given routine nursing care. @entity1 were interviewed in the postoperative period and @entity148 was measured. The data-collecting tool consisted of the Individual Information Form and the State-Trait @entity148 Inventory. The collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS Program to find the frequency, the percentage, the mean and the standard variables, and the hypothesis was tested with Chi-square, variance, and t-independent test. RESULTS: It was found that the incidence rates from the post-operative @entity148 score of the study group were lower than those of the control group (p<.05). The results of this research demonstrated that gyneoncologic surgery @entity1 who were given systematic preoperative instruction felt less anxious than the ones who were given merely a routine nursing care. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study suggest that preoperative instruction programs aiming at informing gyneoncologic surgery @entity1 at the preoperative stage should be organized in hospitals and have an essential role.

title: The efficacy of preopoerative instruction in reducing XXXX following gyneoncological surgery: a case control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: Dysfunction of the nigrostriatal system is the major cause of @entity191 ( @entity191 ). This brain region is therefore an important target for gene delivery aiming at disease modeling and gene therapy. Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors have been developed as efficient vehicles for gene transfer into the central nervous system. Recently, several serotypes have been described, with varying tropism for brain transduction. In light of the further development of a viral vector-mediated @entity35 model for @entity191 , we performed a comprehensive comparison of the transduction and tropism for dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the adult @entity35 @entity35 substantia nigra (SN) of seven rAAV vector serotypes (rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9). All vectors were normalized by titer and volume, and stereotactically injected into the SN. Gene expression was assessed non-invasively and quantitatively in vivo by bioluminescence imaging at 2 and 5 weeks after injection, and was found to be stable over time. Immunohistochemistry at 6 weeks following injection revealed the most widespread enhanced green fluorescence protein expression and the highest number of positive nigral cells using rAAV 2/7, 2/9 and 2/1. The area transduced by rAAV 2/8 was smaller, but nevertheless almost equal numbers of nigral cells were targeted. Detailed confocal analysis revealed that serotype 2/7, 2/9, 2/1 and 2/8 transduced at least 70% of the DNs. In conclusion, these results show that various rAAV serotypes efficiently transduce nigral DNs, but significant differences in transgene expression pattern and level were observed.

title: Efficient and stable transduction of dopaminergic neurons in XXXX substantia nigra by rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9.

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['PD', "Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In spite of the recent advances in heart surgery, @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass are at risk of developing significant @entity548 and substantial blood requirements. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of some perioperative predictors of @entity548 , and blood transfusion after heart surgery and offer suggestions on preventive measures. DESIGN AND METHODS: A prospective analytical study. The perioperative factors studied were haemoglobin level, international normalised ratio (INR), platelet count, and total bypass time. Eighty-seven consecutive @entity1 who underwent heart surgery in the year 2004 were selected. Each @entity1 had laboratory work up which included full blood count, clotting profile, kidney and liver function tests. The total @entity190 within the first twenty-four hours and the total units of blood transfused before the @entity1 was discharged were also recorded. RESULTS: Pre-operative haemoglobin was significant in determining the total units of blood received by a @entity1 . Increasing total bypass time caused a significant increase in the percentage reduction of the pre-operative platelet count (p <0.004). However even though there was an increasing trend of @entity548 with increase in total bypass time, this was not significant from the analysis (p<0.069). The percentage reduction in platelet count and immediate postoperative platelet count were significant predictors of @entity86 (p <0 .009) and (p <0.003) respectively. CONCLUSION: Pre-operative haemoglobin, percentage @entity1423 after cardiopulmonary bypass and immediate postoperative platelet count are significant predictors of @entity86 and blood requirements.

title: Predictors of post XXXX and blood transfusion in cardiac surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['post-operative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in the platelet count']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative bleeding']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['operative bleeding']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The root bark extract of Zanthoxylum xanthozyloides is used in folklore medicine in Ghana and Nigeria to treat @entity32 . A previous pharmacological study confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the extract on vascular response in @entity32 . METHOD: The extract was obtained by Soxhlet extraction and rotatory evaporation, followed by freeze-drying. Groups of @entity35 (with carrageenin-induced paw @entity32 ) and @entity19 (with @entity11574 -induced @entity32 ) were, respectively, assigned randomly to treatment groups. The animals were given three different treatments orally: 0.9% saline (control), the extract (400mg/kg and 800mg/kg for @entity19 ; 1000mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, and 4000mg/kg for @entity35 ), and @entity3352 (5mg/kg and 10mg/kg for @entity19 ; 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg, and 40mg/kg for @entity35 ). In another set of experiment, each treatment group received @entity2647 subcutaneously (30  g/kg for @entity35 and 20  g/kg for @entity19 ) in addition to the specified treatment aforementioned. In both sets of experiments, each group of @entity35 was rotated through the entire treatment groups such that each animal served as control as well as received all the treatments. Analysis of variance was used as the statistical test. RESULTS: The extract and @entity3352 both caused dose-dependent reduction in the carrageenin-induced increase in paw volume in @entity35 and also reduced @entity11574 -induced increase in blood flow in @entity19 pinna arteries. @entity2647 enhanced the decrease in capillary permeability and vasodilatation caused by low dose extract but not that caused by high dose extract or both low and high dose @entity3352 . CONCLUSION: The extract reduced vasodilatation and decreased capillary permeability in @entity32 .

title: Inhibition of vascular response in XXXX by crude aqueous extract of the root bark of zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['pinna inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine', 'Phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 is a potent growth inhibitor of different @entity5 cell lines. The steroid hormone is not only synthesized in the kidney, but also at extrarenal sites. Unfortunately, this potential autocrine/paracrine defense mechanism is lost during the late stages of @entity694 progression. It is therefore desirable to find a pharmacological means to maintain or enhance endogenous production of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 during early periods in tumorigenesis. The phytoestrogen genistein was shown to regulate different cytochrome P450 enzymes, a family of proteins to which both of the vitamin D-metabolizing @entity3867 (1alpha-hydroxylase) and @entity29381 (24-hydroxylase) belong. Therefore, we used two @entity694 cell lines, Caco-2 and COGA-1, and investigated possible influences of genistein on different parameters of extrarenal vitamin D metabolism by HPLC, RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. Differences between the two cell lines were found in both their basic enzymatic activities and in their response to treatment with 1alpha,25(OH)2D3. Whereas Caco-2 cells responded to administration of 100 nM genistein with a down-regulation of 24-hydroxylase activity, COGA-1 cells showed not only a significant down-regulation of 24-hydroxylase protein expression, but also a clear induction of @entity17894 ( @entity17894 ) expression. Similar effects on @entity17894 expression were achieved by administration of 10 nM 17beta-estradiol. This suggests an estrogenic mode of action of genistein, which might be dependent on differential distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta in our cell lines.

title: Phytoestrogens and 17beta-estradiol influence vitamin D metabolism and receptor expression-relevance for XXXX prevention.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity17894 :: ('7421', 'Gene') :: ['VDR', 'vitamin D receptor']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon tumor', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: Subchondral @entity1410 have been found with arthroscopy in one third of @entity1 with dislocated @entity174 . The aim of the present, prospective study was to determine whether these @entity1410 might cause radiographic @entity571 . We studied 41 @entity1 (age 20-57 years, 22 @entity1 ) with a dislocated distal radial @entity174 . At the time of @entity174 , 12 @entity1 had subchondral @entity1410 in a radiocarpal compartment without a @entity174 line, as defined by arthroscopy. The 1-year follow-up included clinical and radiographic examinations. At follow-up, radiographic subchondral bone plate changes occurred in unfractured compartments in 8 @entity1 , of whom 7 had had a previous arthroscopically diagnosed @entity1410 (p = 0.02) in the same compartment. Of the 8 @entity1 with radiographic changes, 4 had also developed joint @entity543 ( @entity571 ( @entity571 ) grade 1) after 1 year and 6 after 3 years. All but 1 had had a @entity1410 in the same compartment. More importantly, 3 of the 16 @entity1 with entirely extra-articular @entity174 had subchondral bone plate changes in a compartment corresponding to a previous @entity1410 (p = 0.02). One of these had also developed joint @entity543 . The @entity1 with radiographic changes had a worse outcome, as measured with the Gartland and Werley wrist score (p = 0.06). In conclusion, subchondral @entity1410 in @entity174 can lead to early onset of mild @entity571 and worse outcome after 1 year.

title: Cartilage injuries in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'osteoarthrosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'distal radial fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas', 'subchondral hematoma', 'hematoma']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['space narrowing']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['distal radial fractures']


abstract: @entity5 with nasopharyngeal primary location are relatively rare in @entity1 . One of the most frequent paediatric @entity5 in this region is the undifferentiated @entity5 (UCNT). These @entity5 are usually revealed by nasal obstruction, @entity10 or cervical nodal involvement. The nasopharyngeal mass can be discovered during an ear-nose and throat examination and confirmed after medical imaging investigation. Diagnostic is obtained by nasopharyngeal mass or cervical nodal biopsy. This @entity5 has a high chemo and radio-sensibility in @entity1 . Irradiation of the cavum and the nodes areas remains as the reference treatment of this disease. Most paediatric protocols add chemotherapy to radiotherapy. The value of concomitant or adjuvant chemotherapy is still debated in paediatric population. It was shown that the T and N staging at diagnosis determined by the classification @entity2802 is a major prognostic factor. Due to the importance of the loco-regional sequelae after irradiation and the satisfactory global prognosis, the actual trend is a decrease in the total dose of irradiation delivered, particularly for @entity1 with a good response to first chemotherapy. This article sheds light on the particularities of UCNT in paediatric @entity1 .

title: [Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma in adolescent and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumour', 'tumours', 'Malignant tumours', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: The clinical presentation of low @entity1462 of the head and neck (LFVM) can range from a birthmark to severe @entity73 or relevant @entity548 . The values of Brightness mode (B-mode) ultrasound and Doppler sonography in the investigation, identifying and differentiating of these lesions has been sparingly documented in the literature. This study evaluates the sonografic features of different morphological subtypes of LFVM. This is a 2-year retrospective study of 51 @entity1 who presented with LFVM based on routine ultrasound exam in the context of their clinical consultation. Diagnosis was based on the clinical and histological findings. B-mode, color coded duplex and spectral Doppler measurements were performed for venous, lymphatic, capillary, and mixed venous-lymphatic lesions of the head and neck. The echogenicity of the majority of @entity1211 was heterogenic, of most @entity600 , and of all @entity600 isoechoic. Blood flow was detected in only 11 cases (36.7%) of @entity1211 with a monophasic pattern. There was a statistical significant difference in the mean minimum and maximum Doppler shifts between venous and @entity600 for cases when the blood flow was evident. No statistical significant difference in Doppler parameters existed between capillary and lymphatic, neither between venous and capillary nor mixed @entity600 . Phleboliths were present in eight cases (26.7%) of @entity1211 and were not detectable in any other subtype of LFVM. The detection of flow in ultrasound was only possible in a small portion of LFVM. When considering differentiating among LFVM, features such as the echogenecity, spectral Doppler wave forms, and the evidence of phleboliths contribute to establish the correct diagnosis.

title: XXXX of the head and neck: a study on brightness mode, color coded duplex and spectral Doppler sonography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['disfigurement, functional impairment']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'lymphatic malformations hypoechoic', 'lymphatic malformation', 'capillary malformations']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous malformations']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['flow vascular malformations']

answer: @entity1462 :: (MESH:D054079,Disease) :: ['Low flow vascular malformations']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential of @entity19 bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) to differentiate into vascular smooth muscle cells so as to contribute to neointimal formation after @entity1317 . METHODS: @entity19 MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and cultured in M199 with 10% @entity4434 supplemented with medium conditioned from @entity1 smooth muscle cell culture to induce differentiation. Immunofluorescent technique was used to observe the morphology of cells to examine the smooth muscle characters. Vasoactive substance was added onto the cultured smooth muscle-like cells. Inverted microscopy was used to observe the contractile changes of the cells. RESULTS: After 6 passages of subculture in differentiation medium, MSCs demonstrated smooth muscle cell-like spindle-shaped morphology and assumed a hill-and-valley growth pattern. Immunofluorescent technique revealed positive signals for alpha-smooth muscle actin, calponin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chains. The smooth muscle cell-like cells displayed robust @entity460 transients. In response to stimulation of vasoactive substance the [ @entity141 ] of the cells instantaneously increased which was coupled by prominent cell contraction. CONCLUSION: MSCs can differentiate into vascular smooth muscle cells with contractile ability. This model may be useful in study of smooth muscle cell differentiation and the origin of neointimal cells after @entity1317 .

title: [Bone marrow stromal cells of adult XXXX differentiate into smooth muscle cells in vitro].

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Studies on molecular interactions between cellular receptors of @entity20332 showing receptor-binding activity are of great relevance for understanding the molecular basis of virus entry. Information on such interactions further provides the basis for a rational design of antiviral drugs. A variety of biochemical and biophysical methodologies are used for determining the binding parameters of interacting biomolecules. Most of them require relatively high amounts of the analyzed compounds, or the use of labeled target molecules. Here, we report the study of the binding of two recombinant forms of HSV @entity20363 , gD(Delta 290-299t) and gD(305t), and a recombinant form of the @entity1 cellular receptor for HSV, @entity22633 -Fc, by using an optical biosensor (IAsys Plus, Affinity Sensors, UK). This device detects and quantifies the changes in refractive index in the vicinity of the surface of sensor chips to which ligands are immobilized. The changes in the refractive index are proportional to the change in the absorbed mass, thus the analysis allows the monitoring of the interaction process in real-time and the determination of the binding parameters. HSV cellular receptor has been immobilized on the surface of the biosensor cuvette, bearing a @entity5070 dextran layer. The immobilized receptor cuvette was then used for the binding experiments of the two glycoproteins. A significant difference in their dissociation constants was determined, showing for the gD(Delta 290-299t) protein a much higher affinity (K(D), 2.8 x 10(-7) M) with respect to gD(305t) (K(D), 2.8 x 10(-6) M). The active ligand concentration decreased on time, however the binding properties of the immobilized receptor were maintained over 5 weeks.

title: Optical biosensor analysis in studying herpes simplex virus XXXX binding to target @entity22633 receptor.

entities_list: @entity5070 :: ('CHEBI:41402', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxymethyl']

entities_list: @entity20332 :: ('MESH:D006525', 'Disease') :: ['herpes simplex virus (HSV) and the viral glycoproteins']

answer: @entity20363 :: (2532,Gene) :: ['glycoprotein D']


abstract: Studies on molecular interactions between cellular receptors of @entity20332 showing receptor-binding activity are of great relevance for understanding the molecular basis of virus entry. Information on such interactions further provides the basis for a rational design of antiviral drugs. A variety of biochemical and biophysical methodologies are used for determining the binding parameters of interacting biomolecules. Most of them require relatively high amounts of the analyzed compounds, or the use of labeled target molecules. Here, we report the study of the binding of two recombinant forms of HSV @entity20363 , gD(Delta 290-299t) and gD(305t), and a recombinant form of the @entity1 cellular receptor for HSV, @entity22633 -Fc, by using an optical biosensor (IAsys Plus, Affinity Sensors, UK). This device detects and quantifies the changes in refractive index in the vicinity of the surface of sensor chips to which ligands are immobilized. The changes in the refractive index are proportional to the change in the absorbed mass, thus the analysis allows the monitoring of the interaction process in real-time and the determination of the binding parameters. HSV cellular receptor has been immobilized on the surface of the biosensor cuvette, bearing a @entity5070 dextran layer. The immobilized receptor cuvette was then used for the binding experiments of the two glycoproteins. A significant difference in their dissociation constants was determined, showing for the gD(Delta 290-299t) protein a much higher affinity (K(D), 2.8 x 10(-7) M) with respect to gD(305t) (K(D), 2.8 x 10(-6) M). The active ligand concentration decreased on time, however the binding properties of the immobilized receptor were maintained over 5 weeks.

title: Optical biosensor analysis in studying herpes simplex virus @entity20363 binding to target XXXX receptor.

answer: @entity22633 :: (5818,Gene) :: ['nectin1']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: For @entity1 with @entity5 , @entity250 is a common issue and has a negative impact on quality of life, regardless of whether he has a partner. In general, sexuality encompasses much more than intercourse; it involves body image, identity, romantic and sexual attraction, and sexual thoughts and fantasies. AIM: Acknowledging that @entity5 affects multiple physical and psychosocial domains in @entity1 , the authors propose that such changes also inform sexual function for the male survivor. METHODS: An in-depth review of the literature describing alterations to sexual functioning in @entity1 with @entity5 was undertaken. Based on this and the clinical expertise of the authors, a new model was created and is presented. RESULTS: This biopsychosocial model is intended to expand the understanding of male sexuality beyond a purely biomedical model that @entity409 as distinct from the context of a @entity1 's life and sexual identity. CONCLUSION: Most data on @entity250 in @entity1 with @entity5 are derived from those with a history of @entity263 , although other data suggest that @entity1 with other types of @entity5 are similarly affected. Unfortunately, male sexuality is often reduced to aspects of erection and performance. Acknowledging that @entity5 affects multiple physical and psychosocial domains in @entity1 , the authors propose that such changes also inform sexual function for the male survivor. This biopsychosocial model might form the basis for interventions for @entity5 that includes a @entity1 and his partner as a complex whole.

title: Sexuality After XXXX : A Model for Male Survivors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['sexual problems after cancer', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['addresses dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This multi-institutional phase I/II trial explored @entity1 -assessed tolerance of increasingly hypofractionated (HPFX) radiation for low/intermediate risk @entity263 . METHODS: 347 @entity1 enrolled from 2002 to 2010. Three increasing dose-per-fraction schedules of 64.7 Gy/22 fx, 58.08 Gy/16 fx and 51.6 Gy/12 fx were each designed to yield equivalent predicted late @entity137 . Three quality of life (QoL) surveys were administered prior to treatment and annually upto 3 years. RESULTS: Bowel QoL data at 3years revealed no significant difference among regimens (p=0.469). Bowel QoL for all regimens declined transiently, largely recovering by three years, with only the 22 fraction decrement reaching significance. Bladder outcomes at 3 years were comparable (p=0.343) although, for all @entity1 combined, a significant decline was observed from the baseline (p=0.008). Spitzer quality of life data revealed similarly excellent, 3-year means (p=0.188). International erectile function data also revealed no significant differences at 3 years although all measures except intercourse satisfaction worsened post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Three-year QoL changes for bowel, bladder and SQLI were modest and similar for 3 HPFX regimens spanning 2.94-4.3 Gy per fraction. These favorable @entity1 -scored outcomes demonstrate the safety and tolerability of such regimens and may be leveraged to support further implementation of mild to moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy in the setting of low and intermediate-risk @entity263 .

title: Quality of life outcomes from a dose-per-fraction escalation trial of hypofractionation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: The ongoing epidemic of @entity6675 has created multiple challenges and continues to raise questions concerning the optimal management of these high-risk @entity1 . Although the overall survival rate has increased over the past 3 decades, morbidity and mortality remain significant. The purpose of this study was to analyze the main factors associated with mortality in neonates admitted to an intensive care unit for the management of this abdominal wall defect. METHODS: This study is a retrospective review of a large de-identified neonatal intensive care dataset encompassing 284 institutions in 32 states and Puerto Rico, from 1/1/1997 to 1/1/2010. Of the 629 440 neonates in the dataset, a total of 3 456 newborns were diagnosed with @entity6675 (5.5/1 000 hospital discharges). Of these, 685 were transferred to other centers and data was missing on 22, leaving 2 749 @entity1 available for analysis. RESULTS: Out of these 2 749 @entity1 of whom we knew the outcome, 115 (4.2%) died. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the factors independently associated with an increased risk of @entity204 were male gender, immature gestational age, low birth weight, low 5 min Apgar Score, the need for vasopressors during the first week after birth and the need for high levels of @entity26 support. The presence of associated anomalies, vaginal delivery, treatment with surfactant and the need for ventilator support on the day of birth were not independent risk factors associated with an increased mortality. CONCLUSION: @entity3465 and low birth weight are the most important factors associated with an increased risk of mortality. Cesarean section does not appear to reduce the risk.

title: Factors associated with mortality in neonates with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['Premature delivery']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity6675 :: ('MESH:D020139', 'Disease') :: ['gastroschisis']

answer: @entity6675 :: (MESH:D020139,Disease) :: ['gastroschisis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic (neuroleptic) medication is used extensively to treat @entity1 with chronic mental illnesses. Its use, however, is associated with adverse effects, including @entity717 such as @entity910 ( @entity910 ) - a problem often seen as repetitive @entity2358 around the mouth and face. @entity270 has been proposed as a treatment to prevent or decrease @entity910 . OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of @entity270 for @entity1 with @entity161 or other chronic mental illnesses who also developed neuroleptic-induced @entity910 . SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane @entity161 Group Trials Register (March 2010), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials and contacted authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included reports if they were controlled trials dealing with @entity1 with neuroleptic-induced @entity910 and @entity161 who had been randomly allocated to either @entity270 or to a placebo or no intervention. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We independently extracted data from these trials and we estimated risk ratios (RR) or mean differences (MD), with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We assumed that @entity1 who dropped out had no improvement. MAIN RESULTS: The review now includes 11 poorly reported randomised trials (total 427 @entity1 ). There was no clear difference between @entity270 and placebo for the outcome of 'clinically relevant improvement in @entity910 ' (6 trials, 256 @entity1 , RR 0.95 CI 0.89 to 1.02). For the outcome of 'any improvement in @entity910 symptoms', again, we found no clear difference between groups (7 trials, 311 @entity1 , RR 0.86 CI 0.75 to 1.00). However, @entity1 allocated to placebo showed more deterioration of their symptoms compared with those given @entity270 (5 trials, 98 @entity1 , RR 0.38 CI 0.16 to 0.9). There was no difference in the incidence of adverse effects (9 trials, 203 @entity1 , RR 1.29 CI 0.51 to 3.24) or leaving the study early (medium term 6 trials, 173 @entity1 , RR 1.29 CI 0.72 to 2.3). There is no trial-based information regarding the effect of @entity270 for those with early onset of @entity910 . AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Small trials of limited quality suggest that @entity270 may protect against @entity910 . There is no evidence that @entity270 improves symptoms of this problematic and disfiguring condition once established. New and better trials are indicated in this under-researched area, and, of the many adjunctive treatments that have been given for @entity910 , @entity270 would be a good choice for further evaluation.

title: @entity270 for neuroleptic-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['Vitamin E', 'vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity2358 :: ('MESH:D020820', 'Disease') :: ['involuntary movements']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['deterioration of TD', 'TD', 'tardive dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders']

answer: @entity910 :: (MESH:D004409,Disease) :: ['tardive dyskinesia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic (neuroleptic) medication is used extensively to treat @entity1 with chronic mental illnesses. Its use, however, is associated with adverse effects, including @entity717 such as @entity910 ( @entity910 ) - a problem often seen as repetitive @entity2358 around the mouth and face. @entity270 has been proposed as a treatment to prevent or decrease @entity910 . OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of @entity270 for @entity1 with @entity161 or other chronic mental illnesses who also developed neuroleptic-induced @entity910 . SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane @entity161 Group Trials Register (March 2010), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials and contacted authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included reports if they were controlled trials dealing with @entity1 with neuroleptic-induced @entity910 and @entity161 who had been randomly allocated to either @entity270 or to a placebo or no intervention. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We independently extracted data from these trials and we estimated risk ratios (RR) or mean differences (MD), with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We assumed that @entity1 who dropped out had no improvement. MAIN RESULTS: The review now includes 11 poorly reported randomised trials (total 427 @entity1 ). There was no clear difference between @entity270 and placebo for the outcome of 'clinically relevant improvement in @entity910 ' (6 trials, 256 @entity1 , RR 0.95 CI 0.89 to 1.02). For the outcome of 'any improvement in @entity910 symptoms', again, we found no clear difference between groups (7 trials, 311 @entity1 , RR 0.86 CI 0.75 to 1.00). However, @entity1 allocated to placebo showed more deterioration of their symptoms compared with those given @entity270 (5 trials, 98 @entity1 , RR 0.38 CI 0.16 to 0.9). There was no difference in the incidence of adverse effects (9 trials, 203 @entity1 , RR 1.29 CI 0.51 to 3.24) or leaving the study early (medium term 6 trials, 173 @entity1 , RR 1.29 CI 0.72 to 2.3). There is no trial-based information regarding the effect of @entity270 for those with early onset of @entity910 . AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Small trials of limited quality suggest that @entity270 may protect against @entity910 . There is no evidence that @entity270 improves symptoms of this problematic and disfiguring condition once established. New and better trials are indicated in this under-researched area, and, of the many adjunctive treatments that have been given for @entity910 , @entity270 would be a good choice for further evaluation.

title: XXXX for neuroleptic-induced @entity910 .

answer: @entity270 :: (MESH:D014810,Chemical) :: ['Vitamin E']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Study Design Randomized clinical trial. Background Little is known about the efficacy of providing manual therapy in addition to cervical and scapulothoracic stabilization exercises in @entity1 with @entity4048 ( @entity4048 ). Objectives To compare the effects of stabilization exercises plus manual therapy to those of stabilization exercises alone on disability, @entity158 , range of motion (ROM), and quality of life in @entity1 with @entity4048 . Methods One hundred two @entity1 with @entity4048 (18-65 years of age) were recruited and randomly allocated into 2 groups: stabilization exercise without (n = 51) and with (n = 51) manual therapy. The program was carried out 3 days per week for 4 weeks. The Neck Disability Index, visual analog @entity158 scale, digital algometry of pressure @entity158 threshold, goniometric measurements, and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey were used to assess @entity1 at baseline and after 4 weeks. Results Improvements in Neck Disability Index score, night @entity158 , rotation ROM, and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey score were greater in the group that received stabilization exercise with manual therapy compared to the group that only received stabilization exercise. Between-group differences (95% confidence interval) were 2.2 (0.1, 4.3) points for the Neck Disability Index, 1.1 (0.0, 2.3) cm for @entity158 at night measured on the visual analog scale, -4.3   (-8.1  , -0.5  ) and -5.0   (-8.2  , -1.7  ) for right and left rotation ROM, respectively, and -2.9 (-5.4, -0.4) points and -3.1 (-6.2, 0.0) points for the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey physical and mental components, respectively. Changes in resting and @entity158 , pressure @entity158 threshold, and cervical extension or lateral flexion ROM did not differ significantly between the groups. Pressure @entity158 threshold increased only in those who received stabilization exercise with manual therapy (P<.05). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that stabilization exercises with manual therapy may be superior to stabilization exercises alone for improving disability, @entity158 intensity at night, @entity717 motion, and quality of life in @entity1 with @entity4048 . Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(2):44-55. Epub 11 Jan 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.5979.

title: A Comparison of the Effects of Stabilization Exercises Plus Manual Therapy to Those of Stabilization Exercises Alone in XXXX With Nonspecific Mechanical Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['cervical rotation']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['MNP', 'mechanical neck pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['activity pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity43 tends to be chemosensitive and confine itself to the surface of the peritoneal cavity for much of its natural history. These features have made it an obvious target for intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy. Chemotherapy for @entity43 is usually given as an intravenous (IV) infusion repeatedly over five to eight cycles. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy is given by infusion of the chemotherapeutic agent directly into the peritoneal cavity. There are biological reasons why this might increase the anticancer effect and reduce some systemic adverse effects in comparison to IV therapy. OBJECTIVES: To determine if adding a component of the chemotherapy regime into the peritoneal cavity affects overall survival, progression-free survival, quality of life (QOL) and @entity137 in the primary treatment of @entity43 . SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Gynaecological Cancer Review Group's Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) Issue 2, 2011, MEDLINE (1951 to May 2011) and EMBASE (1974 to May 2011). We updated these searches in February 2007, August 2010, May 2011 and September 2015. In addition, we handsearched and cascade searched the major gynaecological oncology journals up to May 2011. SELECTION CRITERIA: The analysis was restricted to randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing @entity1 with a new diagnosis of @entity43 , of any FIGO stage, following primary cytoreductive surgery. Standard IV chemotherapy was compared with chemotherapy that included a component of IP administration. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data on overall survival, disease-free survival, adverse events and QOL and performed meta-analyses of hazard ratios (HR) for time-to-event variables and relative risks (RR) for dichotomous outcomes using RevMan software. MAIN RESULTS: Nine randomised trials studied 2119 @entity1 receiving primary treatment for @entity43 . We considered six trials to be of high quality. @entity1 were less likely to die if they received an IP component to chemotherapy (eight studies, 2026 @entity1 ; HR = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72 to 0.90). Intraperitoneal component chemotherapy prolonged the disease-free interval (five studies, 1311 @entity1 ; HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.70 to 0.86). There was greater serious @entity137 with regard to gastrointestinal effects, @entity158 but less @entity2167 with the IP than the IV route. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Intraperitoneal chemotherapy increases overall survival and progression-free survival from advanced @entity43 . The results of this meta-analysis provide the most reliable estimates of the relative survival benefits of IP over IV therapy and should be used as part of the decision making process. However, the potential for catheter related complications and @entity137 needs to be considered when deciding on the most appropriate treatment for each individual @entity1 . The optimal dose, timing and mechanism of administration cannot be addressed from this meta-analysis. This needs to be addressed in the next phase of clinical trials.

title: Intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the initial management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'primary epithelial ovarian cancer', 'epithelial ovarian cancer', 'Ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain, fever and infection']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['primary epithelial ovarian cancer']