abstract: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between type I interferon (IFN-I) and plaque stability in @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 -knockout ( @entity6970 (-/-)) mice. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) and extractable nuclear antigen antibody (ENA) levels were measured by immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunospot assay. @entity731 were detected by Sirius red/fast green staining. Cell apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated @entity1977 - @entity1885 nick-end labeling. Gene expression was determined by real-time PCR analyses. We found that @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 developed @entity1252 characterized by an increased production of serum ANA and ENA. @entity16307 treatment decreased the collagen content and increased the number of apoptotic cells in plaques. Moreover, IFN-induced @entity23310 , IFIT1-1, and IFIT1-2 gene expression was increased in peripheral blood cells and aortic plaques. An IFN-a-stimulated macrophage supernatant inhibited collagen type I, alpha 1 gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. We concluded that the vulnerability of plaques was associated with the activation of IFN-I in @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 . Thus, we speculated that the higher prevalence of @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity1252 could be due to plaque instability.

title: Vulnerability of @entity731 plaques is as-sociated with type I interferon in a @entity19 model of XXXX and @entity731 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus', 'a lupus-like syndrome']

entities_list: @entity16307 :: ('MESH:C009042', 'Chemical') :: ['Pristane', 'pristane']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerotic plaques']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['lupus']


abstract: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between type I interferon (IFN-I) and plaque stability in @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 -knockout ( @entity6970 (-/-)) mice. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) and extractable nuclear antigen antibody (ENA) levels were measured by immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunospot assay. @entity731 were detected by Sirius red/fast green staining. Cell apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated @entity1977 - @entity1885 nick-end labeling. Gene expression was determined by real-time PCR analyses. We found that @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 developed @entity1252 characterized by an increased production of serum ANA and ENA. @entity16307 treatment decreased the collagen content and increased the number of apoptotic cells in plaques. Moreover, IFN-induced @entity23310 , IFIT1-1, and IFIT1-2 gene expression was increased in peripheral blood cells and aortic plaques. An IFN-a-stimulated macrophage supernatant inhibited collagen type I, alpha 1 gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. We concluded that the vulnerability of plaques was associated with the activation of IFN-I in @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 . Thus, we speculated that the higher prevalence of @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity1252 could be due to plaque instability.

title: Vulnerability of XXXX plaques is as-sociated with type I interferon in a @entity19 model of @entity1252 and @entity731 .

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerotic']


abstract: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between type I interferon (IFN-I) and plaque stability in @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 -knockout ( @entity6970 (-/-)) mice. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) and extractable nuclear antigen antibody (ENA) levels were measured by immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunospot assay. @entity731 were detected by Sirius red/fast green staining. Cell apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated @entity1977 - @entity1885 nick-end labeling. Gene expression was determined by real-time PCR analyses. We found that @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 developed @entity1252 characterized by an increased production of serum ANA and ENA. @entity16307 treatment decreased the collagen content and increased the number of apoptotic cells in plaques. Moreover, IFN-induced @entity23310 , IFIT1-1, and IFIT1-2 gene expression was increased in peripheral blood cells and aortic plaques. An IFN-a-stimulated macrophage supernatant inhibited collagen type I, alpha 1 gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. We concluded that the vulnerability of plaques was associated with the activation of IFN-I in @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 . Thus, we speculated that the higher prevalence of @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity1252 could be due to plaque instability.

title: Vulnerability of @entity731 plaques is as-sociated with type I interferon in a @entity19 model of @entity1252 and XXXX .

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between type I interferon (IFN-I) and plaque stability in @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 -knockout ( @entity6970 (-/-)) mice. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) and extractable nuclear antigen antibody (ENA) levels were measured by immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunospot assay. @entity731 were detected by Sirius red/fast green staining. Cell apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated @entity1977 - @entity1885 nick-end labeling. Gene expression was determined by real-time PCR analyses. We found that @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 developed @entity1252 characterized by an increased production of serum ANA and ENA. @entity16307 treatment decreased the collagen content and increased the number of apoptotic cells in plaques. Moreover, IFN-induced @entity23310 , IFIT1-1, and IFIT1-2 gene expression was increased in peripheral blood cells and aortic plaques. An IFN-a-stimulated macrophage supernatant inhibited collagen type I, alpha 1 gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. We concluded that the vulnerability of plaques was associated with the activation of IFN-I in @entity16307 -treated @entity6970 (-/-) @entity19 . Thus, we speculated that the higher prevalence of @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity1252 could be due to plaque instability.

title: Vulnerability of @entity731 plaques is as-sociated with type I interferon in a XXXX model of @entity1252 and @entity731 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: African Americans and Hispanics have disproportionate rates of uncontrolled essential @entity101 (EH) compared to Non-Hispanic Whites. Medication non-adherence (MNA) is the leading modifiable behavior to improved blood pressure (BP) control. The Smartphone Medication Adherence Stops @entity101 (SMASH) program was developed using a @entity1 -centered, theory-guided, iterative design process. Electronic medication trays provided reminder signals, and Short Message Service [SMS] messaging reminded subjects to monitor BP with Bluetooth-enabled monitors. Motivational and reinforcement text messages were sent to @entity1 based upon levels of adherence. Thirty-eight African-American (18) and Hispanic (20) uncontrolled @entity101 completed clinic-based anthropometric and resting BP evaluations prior to randomization, and again at months 1, 3 and 6. Generalized linear mixed modeling (GLMM) revealed statistically significant time-by-treatment interactions (p < 0.0001) indicating significant reductions in resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) for the SMASH group vs. the standard care (SC) control group across all time points. 70.6% of SMASH subjects vs. 15.8% of the SC group reached BP control (< 140/90 mmH) at month 1 (p < 0.001). At month 6, 94.4% of the SMASH vs. 41.2% of the SC group exhibited controlled BP (p < 0.003). Our findings provide encouraging evidence that efficacious mHealth, chronic disease, medical regimen, self-management programs can be developed following principles of @entity1 -centered, theory-guided design.

title: Evaluation of an mHealth Medication Regimen Self-Management Program for African American and Hispanic Uncontrolled XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensives', 'hypertension', 'Hypertension']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertensives']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In pediatric @entity1 , anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is controversial; however, delaying surgery until skeletal maturity is complete may increase the risk of secondary meniscal and articular @entity1844 . PURPOSE: To assess the risk of meniscal and @entity130 with delay of ACL reconstruction. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Records were reviewed in @entity1 younger than 17 years (median age, 14 years) who had ACL reconstruction. @entity1 were consecutively enrolled and assigned to 1 of 3 surgical groups based on timing of surgery: acute (<6 weeks after surgery), subacute (6-12 weeks), or chronic (>3 months). The type and grade of @entity130 was documented according to the International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery, and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine (ISAKOS) meniscal classification criteria. International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) criteria were used to document location and grade of @entity130 . Associations between @entity1 characteristics and @entity130 were tested using rank sum and chi-square tests. Regression analyses were conducted to model incidence and severity of lateral and medial meniscal tears. There were 130 @entity1 who had 135 ACL reconstructions between the years of 2000 and 2012. RESULTS: Sixty-two @entity130 were treated acutely, 37 were subacute, and 36 were chronic. @entity130 (n = 112) included 70 lateral and 42 medial tears. Time to surgery had bivariate association with lateral and medial meniscal tears (P = .016 and .007, respectively). Independent risk factors for incidence of lateral meniscal tears were younger age (P = .028) and return to sports activities before surgery (P = .007). @entity1 with 1 episode of instability had 3-fold higher odds of higher grade lateral meniscal tear (95% CI, 1.30-7.60). Compared with acute reconstruction, subacute and chronic reconstruction @entity1 had 1.45 and 2.82 times higher odds, respectively, of lateral meniscal tear severity (P = .12). Independent risk factors for incidence of medial meniscal tears were female sex (P = .03), older age (P = .01), and any episode of instability (P = .01). Adjusted odds ratio for medial meniscal tear was 4.7 for an instability episode (vs no episode; P = .01). Adjusted odds ratio for increased severity of medial meniscal tears included any instability episode, 5.6 (P < .01); playing sports before reconstruction, 15.2 (P < .01); and time to surgery greater than 3 months, 4.3 (P = .046). Seventeen @entity1 had 23 @entity130 . The risk factors for @entity130 included increased time to surgery (P = .005) and any instability episode (P = .001). For increased grade of @entity130 , risk factors were time to surgery (P  <= .001) and any instability episode (P = .003). CONCLUSION: Delayed ACL reconstruction increased the risks of secondary meniscal and @entity130 in this population of pediatric @entity1 .

title: Correlation of Meniscal and Articular Cartilage Injuries in XXXX and Adolescents With Timing of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1844 :: ('MESH:D002357', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal injuries', 'chondral injury', 'meniscal injury', 'chondral injuries', 'ACL injuries', 'Meniscal injuries']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity13528 @ @entity3758 magnetic nanoparticles modified by grafting @entity71787 oligomer (FSPV) was fabricated as a novel adsorbent to remove Hg(II) from water. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy confirmed the successful grafting of oligomer, and thermogravimetric analysis showed FSPV had a high grafting yield with organic content of 22.8%. Transmission electron microscopy image displayed that FSPV particles were polymer-coated spheres with size of 10-20  nm. With saturation magnetization of 44.7 @entity6498 /g, FSPV particles could be easily separated from water with a simple magnetic process in 5  min. The Hg(II) adsorption capacity of FSPV was found to be 346  mg/g at pH 7 and 25    C in 10  mM @entity1219 . Moreover, the removal of Hg(II) by FSPV was not obviously affected by solution pH (from 4 to 10) or humic acid (up to 8  mg/L as TOC). The presence of seven common ions including Na(+), K(+), @entity141 , @entity1025 , Cl(-), @entity8326 , and @entity597 (up to 100  mM ionic strength) slightly increased the adsorption of Hg(II) by FSPV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the N atom of the @entity8304 ring was responsible for the bonding with Hg(II), whereas the bonding of Hg with N did not result in cleavage of Hg-Cl bond in @entity3143 and HgClOH. The regeneration of Hg(II)-loaded FSPV could be achieved with 0.5  M @entity5828 rapidly in 10  min, and the removal of Hg(II) maintained above 94% in five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. Therefore, FSPV could serve as a promising adsorbent for Hg(II) removal from water.

title: Removal of Hg(II) by @entity71787 -grafted XXXX @ @entity3758 magnetic nanoparticles.

entities_list: @entity8304 :: ('MESH:C029899', 'Chemical') :: ['imidazole']

entities_list: @entity71787 :: ('MESH:C524090', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(1-vinylimidazole)']

answer: @entity13528 :: (CHEBI:50821,Chemical) :: ['Fe3O4']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity13528 @ @entity3758 magnetic nanoparticles modified by grafting @entity71787 oligomer (FSPV) was fabricated as a novel adsorbent to remove Hg(II) from water. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy confirmed the successful grafting of oligomer, and thermogravimetric analysis showed FSPV had a high grafting yield with organic content of 22.8%. Transmission electron microscopy image displayed that FSPV particles were polymer-coated spheres with size of 10-20  nm. With saturation magnetization of 44.7 @entity6498 /g, FSPV particles could be easily separated from water with a simple magnetic process in 5  min. The Hg(II) adsorption capacity of FSPV was found to be 346  mg/g at pH 7 and 25    C in 10  mM @entity1219 . Moreover, the removal of Hg(II) by FSPV was not obviously affected by solution pH (from 4 to 10) or humic acid (up to 8  mg/L as TOC). The presence of seven common ions including Na(+), K(+), @entity141 , @entity1025 , Cl(-), @entity8326 , and @entity597 (up to 100  mM ionic strength) slightly increased the adsorption of Hg(II) by FSPV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the N atom of the @entity8304 ring was responsible for the bonding with Hg(II), whereas the bonding of Hg with N did not result in cleavage of Hg-Cl bond in @entity3143 and HgClOH. The regeneration of Hg(II)-loaded FSPV could be achieved with 0.5  M @entity5828 rapidly in 10  min, and the removal of Hg(II) maintained above 94% in five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. Therefore, FSPV could serve as a promising adsorbent for Hg(II) removal from water.

title: Removal of Hg(II) by @entity71787 -grafted @entity13528 @ XXXX magnetic nanoparticles.

answer: @entity3758 :: (CHEBI:30563,Chemical) :: ['SiO2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity13528 @ @entity3758 magnetic nanoparticles modified by grafting @entity71787 oligomer (FSPV) was fabricated as a novel adsorbent to remove Hg(II) from water. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy confirmed the successful grafting of oligomer, and thermogravimetric analysis showed FSPV had a high grafting yield with organic content of 22.8%. Transmission electron microscopy image displayed that FSPV particles were polymer-coated spheres with size of 10-20  nm. With saturation magnetization of 44.7 @entity6498 /g, FSPV particles could be easily separated from water with a simple magnetic process in 5  min. The Hg(II) adsorption capacity of FSPV was found to be 346  mg/g at pH 7 and 25    C in 10  mM @entity1219 . Moreover, the removal of Hg(II) by FSPV was not obviously affected by solution pH (from 4 to 10) or humic acid (up to 8  mg/L as TOC). The presence of seven common ions including Na(+), K(+), @entity141 , @entity1025 , Cl(-), @entity8326 , and @entity597 (up to 100  mM ionic strength) slightly increased the adsorption of Hg(II) by FSPV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the N atom of the @entity8304 ring was responsible for the bonding with Hg(II), whereas the bonding of Hg with N did not result in cleavage of Hg-Cl bond in @entity3143 and HgClOH. The regeneration of Hg(II)-loaded FSPV could be achieved with 0.5  M @entity5828 rapidly in 10  min, and the removal of Hg(II) maintained above 94% in five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. Therefore, FSPV could serve as a promising adsorbent for Hg(II) removal from water.

title: Removal of Hg(II) by XXXX -grafted @entity13528 @ @entity3758 magnetic nanoparticles.

answer: @entity71787 :: (MESH:C524090,Chemical) :: ['poly(1-vinylimidazole)']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Crossed cerebello-cerebral diaschisis (CCCD) conventionally refers to decreased resting cerebral activity caused by injury to the contralateral cerebellum. We investigated whether functional activation of a contralesional cerebral cortical region controlling a specific task is reduced during task performance in a @entity1 with a @entity76 . We also examined functional compensation by the corresponding ipsilesional cerebral cortex. It was hypothesized that dysfunction of the primary sensorimotor cortex ( @entity895 ) contralateral to the @entity76 would be detected together with a compensatory increase in neural activity of the ipsilesional @entity895 . To test these possibilities, we conducted non-invasive functional neuroimaging techniques for bilateral @entity895 during hand grasping, a task known to activate predominantly the @entity895 contralateral to the grasping hand. Activity in @entity895 during hand grasping was measured electrophysiologically by magnetoencephalography and hemodynamically by near-infrared spectroscopy in an adult with mild @entity6447 associated with a large injury of the right cerebellum due to resection of a @entity5 in early childhood. RESULTS: During left hand grasping, increased neural activity was detected predominantly in the right @entity895 , the typical developmental pattern. In contrast, neural activity increased in the bilateral @entity895 with slight right-side dominance during right (ataxic) hand grasping. CONCLUSIONS: This study reported a case that implied functional CCCD and compensatory neural activity in the @entity895 during performance of a simple hand motor task in an adult with @entity76 and mild hemiataxia 24  years prior to the study without rehabilitative interventions. This suggests that @entity76 in early childhood may result in persistent functional abnormalities in the cerebrum into adulthood. Therapeutic treatments that target functional CCCD and interhemispheric compensation might be effective for treating @entity2055 due to @entity76 .

title: Implied functional crossed cerebello-cerebral diaschisis and interhemispheric compensation during hand grasping more than 20  years after XXXX in early childhood.

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral cerebellar lesion', 'unilateral cerebellar damage', 'unilateral cerebellar injuries', 'unilateral cerebellar injury', 'cerebellar lesion']

entities_list: @entity6447 :: ('MESH:D002524', 'Disease') :: ['right hemiataxia']

answer: @entity76 :: (MESH:D002526,Disease) :: ['unilateral cerebellar injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the value of oral effervescent powder (EP) for evaluation of esophageal distension, and for detection and staging of @entity418 with contrast-enhanced CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 84 @entity1 without esophageal pathology and 52 @entity1 with histological confirmed diagnosis of @entity418 were included in this prospective IRB-approved study. Half of the @entity1 in both groups received EP prior to CT. Esophageal distension was assessed by planimetry of the inner (IA) and outer area (OA). Two blinded readers evaluated the datasets separately with regard to diagnosis of @entity418 (yes/no) and staging (T0-T4), if applicable. Distension results were compared (t-Test). In @entity1 with @entity5 sensitivity, specificity, NPV and @entity2286 were calculated. CT staging results were compared to histopathology (Cohen-k). RESULTS: IA and IA/OA were significantly larger after EP as compared to the group without EP (p<0.05). Sensitivity, specificity, NPV and @entity2286 for @entity5 detection @entity5 were as follows: 78%/78%, 98%/98%, 95%/95%, 87%/87% with EP; 60%/68%, 98%/98%, 94%/94%, 80%/83% without EP. Staging with EP was good (k=0.84/0.67) and moderate without EP (k=0.58/0.59). CONCLUSIONS: Administration of EP prior to CT results in good distension of the esophagus, and improves detection and staging of @entity418 , as compared to control studies without EP.

title: Value of oral effervescent powder administration for multidetector CT evaluation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is increasing emphasis on the use of biomarkers of adverse outcomes in safety assessment and translational research. We evaluated serum biomarkers and targeted metabolite profiles after exposure to pesticides ( @entity315 , @entity316 , @entity5051 , @entity17284 , @entity20346 , @entity276 ) with different @entity2359 . Adult male Long-Evans @entity35 were evaluated after single exposure to vehicle or one of two doses of each pesticide at the time of peak effect. The doses were selected to produce similar magnitude of behavioral effects across chemicals. Serum or plasma was analyzed using commercial cytokine/protein panels and targeted metabolomics. Additional studies of @entity276 used lower doses (lacking behavioral effects), singly or for 14days, and included additional markers of exposure and biological activity. Biomarker profiles varied in the number of altered analytes and patterns of change across pesticide classes, and discriminant analysis could separate treatment groups from control. Low doses of @entity276 produced greater effects when given for 14days compared to a single dose. Changes in thyroid hormones and relative amounts of @entity276 and its @entity5879 metabolite also differed between the dosing regimens. Most cytokine changes reflected alterations in inflammatory responses, hormone levels, and products of phospholipid, @entity844 , and @entity535 metabolism. These findings demonstrate distinct blood-based analyte profiles across pesticide classes, dose levels, and exposure duration. These results show promise for detailed analyses of these biomarkers and their linkages to biological pathways.

title: Assessment of serum biomarkers in XXXX after exposure to pesticides of different chemical classes.

entities_list: @entity5879 :: ('CHEBI:35850', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfone']

entities_list: @entity276 :: ('MESH:C082360', 'Chemical') :: ['fipronil']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity20346 :: ('MESH:C032910', 'Chemical') :: ['triadimefon']

entities_list: @entity315 :: ('MESH:D026023', 'Chemical') :: ['permethrin']

entities_list: @entity316 :: ('MESH:C017180', 'Chemical') :: ['deltamethrin']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxic actions']

entities_list: @entity5051 :: ('MESH:C082359', 'Chemical') :: ['imidacloprid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the extent to which adherence to Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement in @entity23 ( @entity23 ) in adult @entity131 ( @entity131 ) has improved over time. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were searched from inception to September  2013. STUDY SELECTION: Primary report of @entity23 in adult @entity131 . The quality of reporting on CONSORT checklist items was examined and compared over time. Study selection was conducted by 2 researchers independently. Any disagreements were solved by discussion. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers independently conducted data extraction based on a set of structured data extraction forms. Data regarding the publication years, size, locations, participation centers, intervention types, intervention groups, and CONSORT checklist items were extracted from the including trials. DATA SYNTHESIS: Of 105 trials reviewed, 38.1%, 5.7%, and 32.4% investigated drugs, surgical procedures, and rehabilitations as the intervention of interest, respectively. Among reports published between the 2 periods 2002 and 2010 (n=51) and 2011 and September 2013 (n=16), the median sample sizes were 99 and 118; 39.2% and 37.5% of all reports detailed implementation of the randomization process; 60.8% and 43.8% provided information on the method of allocation concealment; 56.9% and 31.3% stated how blinding was achieved; 15.7% and 43.8% reported information regarding trial registration; and only 2.0% and 6.3% stated where the full trial protocol could be accessed, all respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Reporting of several important methodological aspects of @entity23 conducted in adult @entity131 populations improved over the years; however, the quality of reporting remains below an acceptable level. The small sample sizes suggest that many @entity23 are likely underpowered. Further improvement is recommended in designing and reporting @entity23 .

title: Randomized Controlled Trials in Adult XXXX : A Review of Compliance to CONSORT Statement.

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomized controlled trials', 'RCTs']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury', 'TBI']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Brain Injury']


abstract: Our experience with primary open reduction with rigid internal fixation of 50 open @entity174 is presented. Twenty-seven @entity1 had associated major @entity1230 . Twenty @entity174 were articular and 26 involved 3rd-degree wounds. The infection rate of 4%. A system of staged sequential debridement and wound management is presented. The authors believe this system has contributed to the low infection rate. No secondary amputations occurred. Eighty-two per cent of the @entity1 had good functional results using Charnley's criteria. Fatal post-traumatic @entity177 did not occur. The authors feel that early definitive @entity174 care employing rigid fixation which avoids casts, and allows improved wound management and early mobilization of the @entity1230 @entity1 , has decreased the cardiopulmonary and metabolic consequences commonly associated with @entity1230 @entity1 care.

title: Primary open reduction and internal fixation of open XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary failure']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple-trauma', 'multiple trauma', 'polytrauma']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Each year in the United States, nearly 500,000 @entity1 a year are born prematurely. Babies born before 35 weeks gestation are often placed on ventilators and/or given supplemental @entity26 . This increase in @entity26 , while critical for survival, can cause long-term damage to lungs, retinas and brains. In particular, @entity871 causes apoptosis in neurons and alters glial activity. @entity9140 ( @entity9140 ) and @entity7515 ( @entity7515 ) are members of the neurotrophin family of proteins that function to promote the growth, differentiation and development of the nervous system. We hypothesized that @entity871 can alter the regulation of these genes and by doing so adversely affect the development of the brain. We predicted that @entity19 exposed to hyperoxic conditions would have differences in @entity9140 and @entity7515 mRNA expression and relative level of methylated promoter regions coinciding with differences in the relative levels of @entity15699 and @entity15700 mRNA expression. To test this hypothesis, newborn C57Bl/6 @entity19 and their littermates were placed in hyperoxic or normoxic conditions from postnatal day 7 to 12. There were significant decreases in @entity9140 mRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex following @entity871 , but a significant increase in the isocortex. @entity7515 mRNA expression was significantly increased in both the isocortex and prefrontal cortex following @entity871 . @entity15699 mRNA expression was significantly decreased in the isocortex but significantly increased in the prefrontal following @entity871 . Together these data suggest that short-term exposure to hyperoxic conditions can affect the regulation and expression of @entity9140 and @entity7515 potentially leading to alterations in neural development.

title: Neonatal XXXX induces alterations in neurotrophin gene expression.

entities_list: @entity9140 :: ('12064(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Brain-derived neurotrophic factor', 'BDNF']

entities_list: @entity7515 :: ('14573(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor', 'GDNF']

entities_list: @entity871 :: ('MESH:D018496', 'Disease') :: ['hyperoxia']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity871 :: (MESH:D018496,Disease) :: ['hyperoxia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Few studies have investigated the effects of interictal @entity302 discharges on the cardiac autonomic system. This study reports the case of a 37-year-old @entity1 with refractory generalised @entity302 , who recently reported an increase in frequency of nocturnal @entity410 , not responding to treatment. During the nocturnal video study, in non-rapid eye movements sleep, we recorded 106 generalised sharp- and polyspike-waves lasting for 3 to 7 seconds, associated with @entity1168 and @entity1167 , without behavioural changes and without increase in deltoid muscle activity. The @entity1167 had a duration of between 3 and 8 seconds. In one case, a 7 second @entity1167 was associated with a tonic-clonic generalised @entity410 . A 24-hour electrocardiographic study revealed a @entity1168 and a Wenckebach @entity713 . Heart rate analysis at the time of the interictal @entity302 discharges revealed an abrupt increase in the RR interval, occurring simultaneously with the onset of interictal @entity302 discharges and followed by a return to values below baseline value. A cardiac pacemaker was installed with a reduction of @entity1167 length during the interictal @entity302 discharges. Our findings indicate, for the first time, the role of interictal generalised discharges in EEG-related @entity1167 and @entity1168 . These data support the hypothesis that some @entity1 with @entity302 may be predisposed to disturbances of the autonomic cardiac system.

title: XXXX and @entity1167 during generalised interictal EEG discharges.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity1168 :: (MESH:D001919,Disease) :: ['Bradycardia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Few studies have investigated the effects of interictal @entity302 discharges on the cardiac autonomic system. This study reports the case of a 37-year-old @entity1 with refractory generalised @entity302 , who recently reported an increase in frequency of nocturnal @entity410 , not responding to treatment. During the nocturnal video study, in non-rapid eye movements sleep, we recorded 106 generalised sharp- and polyspike-waves lasting for 3 to 7 seconds, associated with @entity1168 and @entity1167 , without behavioural changes and without increase in deltoid muscle activity. The @entity1167 had a duration of between 3 and 8 seconds. In one case, a 7 second @entity1167 was associated with a tonic-clonic generalised @entity410 . A 24-hour electrocardiographic study revealed a @entity1168 and a Wenckebach @entity713 . Heart rate analysis at the time of the interictal @entity302 discharges revealed an abrupt increase in the RR interval, occurring simultaneously with the onset of interictal @entity302 discharges and followed by a return to values below baseline value. A cardiac pacemaker was installed with a reduction of @entity1167 length during the interictal @entity302 discharges. Our findings indicate, for the first time, the role of interictal generalised discharges in EEG-related @entity1167 and @entity1168 . These data support the hypothesis that some @entity1 with @entity302 may be predisposed to disturbances of the autonomic cardiac system.

title: @entity1168 and XXXX during generalised interictal EEG discharges.

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['asystole']


abstract: In 38 conscious @entity35 divided into seven groups, acute unilateral @entity177 was induced by 1 hour of @entity432 while the contralateral kidney remained intact. @entity8 was monitored up to 144 hours after @entity63 and revealed a typical course of @entity177 with oligoanuria persisting for more than 48 hours. Urinary osmolality and @entity1372 concentration became plasma isotonic after release of @entity432 and approximated control values on day 6 after @entity63 . In nine @entity35 , the i.v. infusion of @entity1483 before (6 microgram/min/100 g body wt) and after (12 microgram/min/100 g body wt) @entity432 protected the @entity63 kidney from oligoanuria with endogenous @entity1011 clearance of 0.42 +/- 0.11 ml/min/g kidney wt 5 hours after @entity63 . Tubular absorption of @entity1372 and water was at least partially preserved 36 hours after @entity63 when infusion of @entity1483 was stopped. The loop diuretic significantly (P less than 0.01) increased total urinary @entity3009 (PG) E2 excretion before and after @entity432 ; and 5 hours after @entity63 , @entity1421 excretion from the @entity63 kidney significantly exceeded that from the intact kidney (P less than 0.05). @entity3352 (1 mg/100 g body wt) administered in six animals markedly suppressed control @entity1421 excretion (P less than 0.05) as well as the @entity1483 -induced rise in urinary PG excretion before and after @entity63 but did not modify the protective effect of the diuretic in this experimental model. Inhibition of PG synthesis, however, reduced urinary flow rate and @entity1372 and @entity972 excretion of the contralateral intact kidney and almost completely prevented its compensatory rise in @entity1011 clearance. The results indicate that mechanisms other than the intrarenal prostaglandin system must be considered to mediate the protective effects of @entity1483 in acute @entity177 .

title: @entity3009 -independent protection by XXXX from oliguric @entity177 in conscious @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal excretory function of the left kidney']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1483 :: ('MESH:D005665', 'Chemical') :: ['furosemide']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['oliguric renal failure', 'ischemic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery occlusion', 'complete occlusion of the left renal artery']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin']

answer: @entity1483 :: (MESH:D005665,Chemical) :: ['furosemide']


abstract: In 38 conscious @entity35 divided into seven groups, acute unilateral @entity177 was induced by 1 hour of @entity432 while the contralateral kidney remained intact. @entity8 was monitored up to 144 hours after @entity63 and revealed a typical course of @entity177 with oligoanuria persisting for more than 48 hours. Urinary osmolality and @entity1372 concentration became plasma isotonic after release of @entity432 and approximated control values on day 6 after @entity63 . In nine @entity35 , the i.v. infusion of @entity1483 before (6 microgram/min/100 g body wt) and after (12 microgram/min/100 g body wt) @entity432 protected the @entity63 kidney from oligoanuria with endogenous @entity1011 clearance of 0.42 +/- 0.11 ml/min/g kidney wt 5 hours after @entity63 . Tubular absorption of @entity1372 and water was at least partially preserved 36 hours after @entity63 when infusion of @entity1483 was stopped. The loop diuretic significantly (P less than 0.01) increased total urinary @entity3009 (PG) E2 excretion before and after @entity432 ; and 5 hours after @entity63 , @entity1421 excretion from the @entity63 kidney significantly exceeded that from the intact kidney (P less than 0.05). @entity3352 (1 mg/100 g body wt) administered in six animals markedly suppressed control @entity1421 excretion (P less than 0.05) as well as the @entity1483 -induced rise in urinary PG excretion before and after @entity63 but did not modify the protective effect of the diuretic in this experimental model. Inhibition of PG synthesis, however, reduced urinary flow rate and @entity1372 and @entity972 excretion of the contralateral intact kidney and almost completely prevented its compensatory rise in @entity1011 clearance. The results indicate that mechanisms other than the intrarenal prostaglandin system must be considered to mediate the protective effects of @entity1483 in acute @entity177 .

title: XXXX -independent protection by @entity1483 from oliguric @entity177 in conscious @entity35 .

answer: @entity3009 :: (CHEBI:26333,Chemical) :: ['Prostaglandin']


abstract: In 38 conscious @entity35 divided into seven groups, acute unilateral @entity177 was induced by 1 hour of @entity432 while the contralateral kidney remained intact. @entity8 was monitored up to 144 hours after @entity63 and revealed a typical course of @entity177 with oligoanuria persisting for more than 48 hours. Urinary osmolality and @entity1372 concentration became plasma isotonic after release of @entity432 and approximated control values on day 6 after @entity63 . In nine @entity35 , the i.v. infusion of @entity1483 before (6 microgram/min/100 g body wt) and after (12 microgram/min/100 g body wt) @entity432 protected the @entity63 kidney from oligoanuria with endogenous @entity1011 clearance of 0.42 +/- 0.11 ml/min/g kidney wt 5 hours after @entity63 . Tubular absorption of @entity1372 and water was at least partially preserved 36 hours after @entity63 when infusion of @entity1483 was stopped. The loop diuretic significantly (P less than 0.01) increased total urinary @entity3009 (PG) E2 excretion before and after @entity432 ; and 5 hours after @entity63 , @entity1421 excretion from the @entity63 kidney significantly exceeded that from the intact kidney (P less than 0.05). @entity3352 (1 mg/100 g body wt) administered in six animals markedly suppressed control @entity1421 excretion (P less than 0.05) as well as the @entity1483 -induced rise in urinary PG excretion before and after @entity63 but did not modify the protective effect of the diuretic in this experimental model. Inhibition of PG synthesis, however, reduced urinary flow rate and @entity1372 and @entity972 excretion of the contralateral intact kidney and almost completely prevented its compensatory rise in @entity1011 clearance. The results indicate that mechanisms other than the intrarenal prostaglandin system must be considered to mediate the protective effects of @entity1483 in acute @entity177 .

title: @entity3009 -independent protection by @entity1483 from oliguric XXXX in conscious @entity35 .

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['ischemic renal failure']


abstract: In 38 conscious @entity35 divided into seven groups, acute unilateral @entity177 was induced by 1 hour of @entity432 while the contralateral kidney remained intact. @entity8 was monitored up to 144 hours after @entity63 and revealed a typical course of @entity177 with oligoanuria persisting for more than 48 hours. Urinary osmolality and @entity1372 concentration became plasma isotonic after release of @entity432 and approximated control values on day 6 after @entity63 . In nine @entity35 , the i.v. infusion of @entity1483 before (6 microgram/min/100 g body wt) and after (12 microgram/min/100 g body wt) @entity432 protected the @entity63 kidney from oligoanuria with endogenous @entity1011 clearance of 0.42 +/- 0.11 ml/min/g kidney wt 5 hours after @entity63 . Tubular absorption of @entity1372 and water was at least partially preserved 36 hours after @entity63 when infusion of @entity1483 was stopped. The loop diuretic significantly (P less than 0.01) increased total urinary @entity3009 (PG) E2 excretion before and after @entity432 ; and 5 hours after @entity63 , @entity1421 excretion from the @entity63 kidney significantly exceeded that from the intact kidney (P less than 0.05). @entity3352 (1 mg/100 g body wt) administered in six animals markedly suppressed control @entity1421 excretion (P less than 0.05) as well as the @entity1483 -induced rise in urinary PG excretion before and after @entity63 but did not modify the protective effect of the diuretic in this experimental model. Inhibition of PG synthesis, however, reduced urinary flow rate and @entity1372 and @entity972 excretion of the contralateral intact kidney and almost completely prevented its compensatory rise in @entity1011 clearance. The results indicate that mechanisms other than the intrarenal prostaglandin system must be considered to mediate the protective effects of @entity1483 in acute @entity177 .

title: @entity3009 -independent protection by @entity1483 from oliguric @entity177 in conscious XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity322 remains a major concern for @entity1 undergoing radical prostatectomy. Its prevalence can reach 20% in the late postoperative period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This clinical study investigated the differences of a dynamic evaluation of the urethra and pelvic floor contraction using perineal ultrasound in @entity1 without prostate surgery and in @entity1 submitted to radical prostatectomy with and without stress @entity322 . Ninety two male @entity1 were included, which 70% of them underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) for more than one year. Thirty one @entity1 with clinically @entity322 were compared by two-dimensional (2D) perineal ultrasound to 34 @entity1 without @entity322 and to 27 @entity1 without surgery in two centers in Brazil. RESULTS: Our results showed that the continent group presented the urethral angle at rest significantly lower than the prostate group (p = 0.0002). We also observed that the incontinent group showed the displacement of the anterior bladder neck during contraction significantly lower than the continent group (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: We found that the continent group presented the urethral angle at rest significantly lower than the prostate group. The incontinent group also showed the anterior bladder neck displacement during contraction significantly lower than the continent group. It was more evident when the severe incontinent group and the continent group were compared.

title: Parameters of two-dimensional perineal ultrasonography for evaluation of XXXX after Radical Prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['post prostatectomy incontinence', 'urinary incontinence', 'Urinary incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Eutectic Mixture of Local Anaesthetics (EMLA) is recommended for use off-label as a treatment for @entity2754 ( @entity2754 ). Other topical anaesthetics are available, some of which have been evaluated against oral treatments. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence from @entity23 ( @entity23 ) for topical anaesthetics in the management of @entity2754 . Bibliographic databases including MEDLINE were searched to August 2014. The primary outcome was intra-vaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT). Methodological quality of @entity23 was assessed. IELT and other outcomes were pooled across @entity23 in a meta-analysis. Between-trial heterogeneity was assessed. Nine @entity23 were included. Seven were of unclear methodological quality. Pooled evidence (two @entity23 , 43 @entity1 ) suggests that EMLA is significantly more effective than placebo at increasing IELT (P < 0.00001). Individual RCT evidence also suggests that Topical Eutectic-like Mixture for @entity2754 (TEMPE) spray and @entity3303 gel are both significantly more effective than placebo (P = 0.003; P < 0.00001); and @entity3303 gel is significantly more effective than @entity7855 or @entity903 (P = 0.01; P = 0.0001). TEMPE spray is associated with significantly more adverse events than placebo (P = 0.003). More systemic adverse events are reported with @entity1340 , @entity7855 and @entity903 than with @entity3303 gel. Diverse methods of assessing sexual satisfaction and ejaculatory control with topical anaesthetics are reported and evidence is conflicting. Topical anaesthetics appear more effective than placebo, @entity903 and @entity7855 at increasing IELT in @entity1 with @entity2754 . However, the methodological quality of the existing RCT evidence base is uncertain.

title: Topical anaesthetics for XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity903 :: ('MESH:D017374', 'Chemical') :: ['paroxetine']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomised controlled trials', 'RCTs']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity2754 :: ('MESH:D061686', 'Disease') :: ['Premature Ejaculation', 'premature ejaculation', 'PE']

answer: @entity2754 :: (MESH:D061686,Disease) :: ['premature ejaculation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The @entity1 Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) is a frequently used questionnaire to assess somatic symptom burden. Recently, the Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8) has been published as a short version of the PHQ-15. This study examines whether the instruments' psychometric properties and estimates of symptom burden are comparable. METHODS: Psychosomatic outpatients (N=131) completed the PHQ-15, the SSS-8 and other questionnaires (PHQ-9, GAD-7, WI-7, SF-12). Item characteristics and measures of reliability, validity, and symptom severity were determined and compared. RESULTS: The reliabilities of the PHQ-15 and SSS-8 were a=0.80 and a=0.76, respectively and both scales were highly correlated (r=0.83). The item characteristics were comparable. Both instruments showed the same pattern of correlations with measures of @entity308 , @entity148 , health @entity148 and health-related quality of life (r=0.32 to 0.61). On both scales a 1-point increase was associated with a 3% increase in health care use. The percentile distributions of the PHQ-15 and the SSS-8 were similar. Using the same thresholds for somatic symptom severity (5, 10, and 15 points), both instruments identified nearly identical subgroups of @entity1 with respect to health related quality of life. CONCLUSION: The PHQ-15 and the SSS-8 showed similar reliability and validity but the comparability of severity classifications needs further evaluation in other populations. Until then we recommend the use of the previously established thresholds. Overall, the SSS-8 performed well as a short version of the PHQ-15 which makes it preferable for assessment in time restricted settings.

title: Assessing somatic symptom burden: A psychometric comparison of the XXXX Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) and the Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Free-text fields in injury surveillance databases can provide detailed information beyond routinely coded data. Additional data, such as exposures and covariates can be identified from narrative text and used to conduct case-control studies. METHODS: To illustrate this, we developed a text-search algorithm to identify helmet status (worn, not worn, use unknown) in the U.S. National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) narratives for bicycling and other sports injuries from 2005 to 2011. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for @entity542 associated with helmet use, with non- @entity542 representing controls. For bicycling, we validated ORs against published estimates. ORs were calculated for other sports and we examined factors associated with helmet reporting. RESULTS: Of 105,614 bicycling injury narratives reviewed, 14.1% contained sufficient helmet information for use in the case-control study. The adjusted ORs for @entity542 associated with helmet-wearing were smaller than, but directionally consistent, with previously published estimates (e.g., 1999 Cochrane Review). ORs illustrated a protective effect of helmets for other sports as well (less than 1). CONCLUSIONS: This exploratory analysis illustrates the potential utility of relatively simple text-search algorithms to identify additional variables in surveillance data. Limitations of this study include possible selection bias and the inability to identify individuals with @entity1230 . A similar approach can be applied to study other injuries, conditions, risks, or protective factors. This approach may serve as an efficient method to extend the utility of @entity130 to conduct epidemiological research.

title: Making the most of XXXX : using narrative text to identify exposure information in case-control studies.

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries', 'head injury']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury surveillance data']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['injury surveillance data']


abstract: AIMS: Myocardial perfusion and @entity63 scores obtained from @entity296 ( @entity296 ) have strong independent prognostic value in elderly individuals without known @entity453 ( @entity453 ). Herein we aimed to assess their independent diagnostic value and accuracy for @entity453 while considering different thresholds of @entity741 . METHODS: We estimated the @entity400 ( @entity400 ), summed stress score (SSS) and summed difference score (SDS) in 322 elderly individuals (mean age 72  7 years, 68% @entity1 ) who underwent coronary angiography following an @entity296 . Abnormal perfusion at stress was defined as an SSS greater than 3, and @entity63 as an SDS of at least 2, and further categorized as mild (2-4), moderate (5-7) or severe (>7). Multivariate logistic regressions were used to establish the independent diagnostic value and accuracy of @entity296 parameters. RESULTS: @entity453 was diagnosed in 182 individuals (56%). In multivariate analysis accounting for clinical variables associated with @entity453 including the Framingham risk score, both @entity400 [odds ratio (OR) 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.18, P=0.03] and SSS (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04-1.16, P=0.0006) and SDS (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04-1.21, P=0.003) were independently associated with @entity453 . An SSS greater than 3 was also independently associated with @entity453 (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.43-4.39, P=0.0013), whereas an SDS of 2 or greater was not (OR 1.62, 95% CI 0.89-2.93, P=0.12), but only when at least 5 (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.32-4.03, P=0.003). The probability of @entity453 was proportional to the amount of @entity741 in those with an SSS greater than 3, and lower and comparable in those with an SSS of at least 3 or an SSS greater than 3 with SDS of 1 or less (P=0.19). Increasing the threshold of @entity741 determined a decrease in sensitivity and increase in specificity of @entity296 for both diagnosis and severity of @entity453 . CONCLUSION: We established the diagnostic value and accuracy of continuous scores and thresholds of abnormal myocardial perfusion and @entity63 previously validated in prognostic studies. Their more widespread use could potentially improve the diagnostic yield of coronary angiography in elderly individuals with suspected @entity453 .

title: Diagnostic value of XXXX severity at myocardial perfusion imaging in elderly @entity1 with suspected coronary disease.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial perfusion scintigraphy', 'MPS']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['SRS', 'summed rest score']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: AIMS: Myocardial perfusion and @entity63 scores obtained from @entity296 ( @entity296 ) have strong independent prognostic value in elderly individuals without known @entity453 ( @entity453 ). Herein we aimed to assess their independent diagnostic value and accuracy for @entity453 while considering different thresholds of @entity741 . METHODS: We estimated the @entity400 ( @entity400 ), summed stress score (SSS) and summed difference score (SDS) in 322 elderly individuals (mean age 72  7 years, 68% @entity1 ) who underwent coronary angiography following an @entity296 . Abnormal perfusion at stress was defined as an SSS greater than 3, and @entity63 as an SDS of at least 2, and further categorized as mild (2-4), moderate (5-7) or severe (>7). Multivariate logistic regressions were used to establish the independent diagnostic value and accuracy of @entity296 parameters. RESULTS: @entity453 was diagnosed in 182 individuals (56%). In multivariate analysis accounting for clinical variables associated with @entity453 including the Framingham risk score, both @entity400 [odds ratio (OR) 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.18, P=0.03] and SSS (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04-1.16, P=0.0006) and SDS (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04-1.21, P=0.003) were independently associated with @entity453 . An SSS greater than 3 was also independently associated with @entity453 (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.43-4.39, P=0.0013), whereas an SDS of 2 or greater was not (OR 1.62, 95% CI 0.89-2.93, P=0.12), but only when at least 5 (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.32-4.03, P=0.003). The probability of @entity453 was proportional to the amount of @entity741 in those with an SSS greater than 3, and lower and comparable in those with an SSS of at least 3 or an SSS greater than 3 with SDS of 1 or less (P=0.19). Increasing the threshold of @entity741 determined a decrease in sensitivity and increase in specificity of @entity296 for both diagnosis and severity of @entity453 . CONCLUSION: We established the diagnostic value and accuracy of continuous scores and thresholds of abnormal myocardial perfusion and @entity63 previously validated in prognostic studies. Their more widespread use could potentially improve the diagnostic yield of coronary angiography in elderly individuals with suspected @entity453 .

title: Diagnostic value of @entity63 severity at myocardial perfusion imaging in elderly XXXX with suspected coronary disease.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The increased awareness of the potential role played by @entity79 in the appearance of @entity65 in renal @entity1 has produced research efforts aimed at discovering possible pathogenic links. Accordingly, the diagnostic significance of the classic bone markers of @entity74 and of the new markers in the setting of @entity740 ( @entity740 ) needs to be re-evaluated along with increasing information. In this article we include @entity2331 and some of the noncollagenous bone proteins that are gaining experimental and clinical significance in @entity740 . Among classic markers of @entity3528 and of @entity8 , we analyzed @entity461 , alkaline phosphatase, @entity5272 -resistant acid phosphatase, and bone collagen-derived peptides. We underlined, for each, the relevance of parent proteins (peptides or isoforms) that affect assay methods and, eventually, the diagnostic or prognostic significance. Also, we considered their relationship with @entity65 . Among the numerous noncollagenous bone proteins, we examined @entity9198 ( @entity9198 ), osteocalcin (OC), @entity2159 , and the small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoprotein family. For @entity9198 and OC we report the relevant involvement with the process of calcification ( @entity9198 ) and with @entity413 and energy metabolism (OC). Both of these proteins require @entity2067 to become active and this is a specific problem in renal @entity1 who frequently are deficient of this @entity2221 . Finally, recent acquisitions on the fascinating family of the small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoprotein proteins are recapitulated briefly to underline their potential clinical interest and their complex involvement with all aspects of @entity740 . Their diagnostic role in clinical practice awaits further studies.

title: News on Biomarkers in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5272 :: ('MESH:C029768', 'Chemical') :: ['tartrate']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal osteodystrophy']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders', 'CKD-MBD']

entities_list: @entity9198 :: ('4256', 'Gene') :: ['MGP', 'matrix Gla protein']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['mineral and bone disorder']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['classic markers of bone metabolism']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Gene') :: ['parathyroid hormone']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['mineral disorders']

entities_list: @entity2221 :: ('CHEBI:33229', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity2159 :: ('4982', 'Gene') :: ['osteoprotegerin']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['CKD-MBD']


abstract: @entity14761 is a rare disease with unknown cause. It is characterized by marked @entity1712 in the gastrointestinal tract. There are few reports that include detailed endoscopic findings of @entity14761 in the small intestine. A 48-year-old @entity1 complaining of @entity490 was admitted to our hospital. A complete blood count showed @entity1712 , and @entity843 showed @entity1712 . Abdominal computed tomography indicated @entity384 , wall thickening of the small intestine, and @entity843 . Capsule endoscopy revealed @entity850 , @entity384 , @entity4 , and aperistalsis in the upper jejunum, together with circumferential @entity1066 and @entity1066 in the ileum. Double-balloon enteroscopy revealed a 10-cm segmental mucosal @entity4 and @entity850 in the ileum. In one segment, there were several circumferential @entity1066 . These lesions included both small round @entity1066 and large @entity1066 with @entity4 . Histological examination revealed infiltration of eosinophils into biopsy specimens of the ileum. The @entity1 was diagnosed with @entity14761 . The @entity1 recovered after rehydration therapy. After 9  months, capsule endoscopy revealed no @entity1066 or @entity4 . In this report, we describe the findings of capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy in a case of @entity14761 .

title: Novel findings of capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy in a case of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic infiltration', 'eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilation']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema', 'redness and mucosal edema', 'edematous mucosa']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer scars', 'ulcers', 'ulcerated lesions']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity14761 :: ('MESH:C535952', 'Disease') :: ['Eosinophilic gastroenteritis', 'eosinophilic gastroenteritis']

answer: @entity14761 :: (MESH:C535952,Disease) :: ['eosinophilic gastroenteritis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ) is associated with poor perinatal outcomes. Screening and prevention tools for @entity1592 , such as uterine artery Doppler imaging and @entity117 , underperform in high-risk groups, compared with general antenatal populations. There is a paucity of sensitive screening tests for the early prediction of @entity1592 in high-risk pregnancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective observational study based in a dedicated antenatal @entity101 clinic at a tertiary UK hospital. We assessed maternal demographic and central hemodynamic variables as predictors for @entity1592 in a group of @entity1 at high risk for @entity2431 due to chronic @entity101 (n = 55) or a history of @entity101 in a previous pregnancy (n = 71). Outcome variables were birthweight z-score as well as development of @entity1592 (defined as birthweight below the 5th or 3rd centile). Maternal hemodynamics were assessed using a noninvasive transthoracic bioreactance monitor ( @entity26407 NICOM). RESULTS: The mean gestation at presentation was 13.6 (range: 8.5-19.5) weeks. Sixteen @entity1 delivered babies below the 5th centile. Ten of these were below the 3rd centile. Independent predictors of birthweight z-score were body surface area, peripheral vascular resistance and white ethnicity (R(2) = 0.26, p < 0.0001). Independent predictors of @entity1592 were maternal height and cardiac output. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for prediction of @entity1592 was 0.915 (95% CI 0.859-0.972) and 0.9079 (95% CI 0.823-0.990) for @entity1592 below the 5th and 3rd centiles, respectively. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with chronic @entity101 or a history of @entity101 in a previous pregnancy, maternal size and cardiac output at booking provide a sensitive screening tool for @entity1592 .

title: Maternal demographics and hemodynamics for the prediction of fetal growth restriction at booking, in pregnancies at high risk for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['Fetal growth restriction', 'FGR']

entities_list: @entity2431 :: ('MESH:D010927', 'Disease') :: ['placental insufficiency']

answer: @entity2431 :: (MESH:D010927,Disease) :: ['placental insufficiency']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To investigate the possibility of using @entity32735 ( @entity32736 )-enhanced molecular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and optical imaging to identify the true margins of @entity11 . Materials and Methods The animal protocol was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee. Thirty-six @entity35 with @entity11 were randomized into six groups of six @entity35 . Five groups were euthanized 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes after intravenous administration of 6 mg/kg of @entity32736 , while one group received only saline solution as a control group. After craniotomy, optical imaging and T1-weighted MR imaging were performed to identify the @entity5 margins. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare optical photon intensity and MR imaging signal-to-noise ratios. Histologic analysis was performed to confirm the intracellular uptake of @entity32736 by @entity5 cells and to correlate the @entity5 margins delineated on both optical and MR images. Results Both optical imaging and T1-weighted MR imaging showed @entity5 margins. The highest optical photon intensity (2.6 * 10(8) photons per second per mm(2)    2.3 * 10(7); analysis of variance, P < .001) and MR signal-to-noise ratio (77.61    2.52; analysis of variance, P = .006) were reached at 15-30 minutes after administration of @entity32736 , with continued @entity5 visibility at 2-4 hours. Examination with confocal microscopy allowed confirmation that the fluorescence of optical images and MR imaging T1 enhancement exclusively originated from @entity32736 that accumulated in the cytoplasm of @entity5 cells. Conclusion @entity32736 -enhanced optical and MR imaging can allow determination of @entity5 margins at the optimal time of 15-120 minutes after administration of @entity32736 . Clinical application of these results may @entity11 in a hybrid surgical setting in which intraoperative optical and MR imaging are available. (  ) RSNA, 2015.

title: @entity11 : XXXX -enhanced Molecular MR Imaging and Optical Imaging for Potential Intraoperative Delineation of Tumor Margins.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'glioma tumor']

entities_list: @entity32735 :: ('MESH:C437683', 'Chemical') :: ['motexafin gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas', 'allow complete removal of gliomas']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity32735 :: (MESH:C437683,Chemical) :: ['Motexafin Gadolinium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To investigate the possibility of using @entity32735 ( @entity32736 )-enhanced molecular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and optical imaging to identify the true margins of @entity11 . Materials and Methods The animal protocol was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee. Thirty-six @entity35 with @entity11 were randomized into six groups of six @entity35 . Five groups were euthanized 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes after intravenous administration of 6 mg/kg of @entity32736 , while one group received only saline solution as a control group. After craniotomy, optical imaging and T1-weighted MR imaging were performed to identify the @entity5 margins. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare optical photon intensity and MR imaging signal-to-noise ratios. Histologic analysis was performed to confirm the intracellular uptake of @entity32736 by @entity5 cells and to correlate the @entity5 margins delineated on both optical and MR images. Results Both optical imaging and T1-weighted MR imaging showed @entity5 margins. The highest optical photon intensity (2.6 * 10(8) photons per second per mm(2)    2.3 * 10(7); analysis of variance, P < .001) and MR signal-to-noise ratio (77.61    2.52; analysis of variance, P = .006) were reached at 15-30 minutes after administration of @entity32736 , with continued @entity5 visibility at 2-4 hours. Examination with confocal microscopy allowed confirmation that the fluorescence of optical images and MR imaging T1 enhancement exclusively originated from @entity32736 that accumulated in the cytoplasm of @entity5 cells. Conclusion @entity32736 -enhanced optical and MR imaging can allow determination of @entity5 margins at the optimal time of 15-120 minutes after administration of @entity32736 . Clinical application of these results may @entity11 in a hybrid surgical setting in which intraoperative optical and MR imaging are available. (  ) RSNA, 2015.

title: XXXX : @entity32735 -enhanced Molecular MR Imaging and Optical Imaging for Potential Intraoperative Delineation of Tumor Margins.

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['Gliomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of Nissen fundoplication to the pacemaker cells of an intestinal system and the serotonin receptors on an ICC membrane. Methods: Sixteen adult male @entity35 were taken into study. @entity35 were divided in to the following two groups. Nissen fundoplication was performed to study group (Group 1) and no surgical procedures were applied to control group (group 2). The @entity35 who were subjected to surgery and the @entity35 without surgery were sacrificed on to postoperative 14 days. Specimens for the pathologic analysis were obtained from upper esophagus (group A) and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) (group B). Distribution of ICC and @entity5376 were evaluated separately. Results: There was a significant difference (p  =  0.01, p  =  0.02, respectively) regarding number of cells stained with CD117 between the group 1B-2B and group 2A-2B. Also there was a significant difference between (p  =  0.01, p  =  0.01 respectively) number of cells stained with @entity5376 in groups 1A-1B and 2A-2B. However, no correlation was detected between group 1B-2B for @entity5376 . Conclusion: A reduction in the number of ICC was observed in esophagogastric junctions of the fundoplication group but @entity5376 distribution did not show a significant difference. A decrease in the number of ICC may be effective at postfundoplication @entity1282 .

title: Evaluation of the relation between interstitial cells of cajal (CD117) and serotonin receptor ( @entity5376 ) with postfundoplication XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1282 :: (MESH:D003680,Disease) :: ['dysphagia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of Nissen fundoplication to the pacemaker cells of an intestinal system and the serotonin receptors on an ICC membrane. Methods: Sixteen adult male @entity35 were taken into study. @entity35 were divided in to the following two groups. Nissen fundoplication was performed to study group (Group 1) and no surgical procedures were applied to control group (group 2). The @entity35 who were subjected to surgery and the @entity35 without surgery were sacrificed on to postoperative 14 days. Specimens for the pathologic analysis were obtained from upper esophagus (group A) and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) (group B). Distribution of ICC and @entity5376 were evaluated separately. Results: There was a significant difference (p  =  0.01, p  =  0.02, respectively) regarding number of cells stained with CD117 between the group 1B-2B and group 2A-2B. Also there was a significant difference between (p  =  0.01, p  =  0.01 respectively) number of cells stained with @entity5376 in groups 1A-1B and 2A-2B. However, no correlation was detected between group 1B-2B for @entity5376 . Conclusion: A reduction in the number of ICC was observed in esophagogastric junctions of the fundoplication group but @entity5376 distribution did not show a significant difference. A decrease in the number of ICC may be effective at postfundoplication @entity1282 .

title: Evaluation of the relation between interstitial cells of cajal (CD117) and serotonin receptor ( XXXX ) with postfundoplication @entity1282 .

answer: @entity5376 :: (79246(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['5HT-3A']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We previously reported that the peripheral regulatory T cells (pTregs) generated 'on-demand' in the retina were crucial to retinal immune privilege, and in vitro analysis of retinal dendritic cells (DC) showed they possessed antigen presenting cell (APC) activity that promoted development of the Tregs and effector T cells (Teffs). Here, we expanded these findings by examining whether locally generated, locally acting pTregs were protective against spontaneous @entity792 and @entity792 mediated by @entity25948 ( @entity25948 ). We also examined the APC capacity of retinal DC in vivo. METHODS: Transgenic (Tg) @entity19 expressing @entity20829 ( @entity20829 ) and/or green fluorescent protein (GFP) under control of the endogenous @entity3744 promoter (GFP only in FG @entity19 , GFP and @entity20829 in FDG @entity19 ) or the @entity11805 promoter (GFP and @entity20829 in CDG @entity19 ) were used in conjunction with Tg @entity19 expressing beta-galactosidase (bgal) as retinal neo-self antigen and bgal-specific TCR Tg @entity19 (BG2). Retinal T cell responses were assayed by flow cytometry and retinal @entity792 assessed by histological examination. RESULTS: Local depletion of the Tregs enhanced actively induced experimental autoimmune @entity4643 to the highly expressed retinal self-antigen @entity25948 in FDG @entity19 and spontaneous @entity792 in bgal-FDG-BG2 @entity19 , but not in @entity19 lacking autoreactive T cells or their target antigen in the retina. The presence of retinal bgal downregulated the generation of antigen-specific Teffs and pTregs within the retina in response to local bgal challenge. Retinal DC depletion prevented generation of Tregs and Teffs within retina after bgal injection. Microglia remaining after DC depletion did not make up for loss of DC-dependent antigen presentation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that local retinal Tregs protect against spontaneous organ-specific @entity792 and that T cell responses within the retina require the presence of local DC.

title: Retinal antigen-specific regulatory T cells protect against spontaneous and induced XXXX and require local dendritic cells.

entities_list: @entity20829 :: ('15200(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['DTR', 'diphtheria toxin receptor']

entities_list: @entity25948 :: ('19661(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IRBP', 'interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein']

entities_list: @entity4643 :: ('MESH:D003103', 'Disease') :: ['uveoretinitis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity', 'autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity792 :: (MESH:D001327,Disease) :: ['autoimmunity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Data on treatments and specific outcomes of primary @entity674 ( @entity674 ) >= 10cm are limited. We here report the treatments and survival outcomes concerning a subgroup of primary @entity674 .Data of 83 consecutive @entity1 with primary @entity674 >= 10cm in a single institution were retrospectively collected. Fifty-eight @entity1 underwent surgery before @entity2213 mesylate (IM) treatment (Group A), 10 underwent surgical resection following IM therapy (Group B), whereas 15 @entity1 took IM as drug therapy alone (Group C).The baseline clinical characteristics were similar among the 3 groups. However, a lower proportion in Group A had metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis or surgery compared with Groups B and C (8.6% vs 40.0% vs 40.0%, P<0.05). The median follow-up duration was 21.5 months. No statistically significant differences were observed on progression-free survival (PFS) among the groups. However, @entity1 in Group B showed significantly better @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) compared with those in Group C (P=0.044). Multivariate analysis showed that @entity1 treated with adjuvant IM were associated with better PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 3.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-7.97; P=0.027) and @entity1349 (HR 29.11; 95% CI 3.32-125.36; P=0.004). The subgroup with mitotic count >10/50 @entity2194 ( @entity2194 ) showed worse PFS (HR 3.50; 95% CI 1.19-10.25; P=0.022) and @entity1349 (HR 20.04; 95% CI 1.67-143.79; P=0.018) than that of mitotic count  <=5/50 @entity2194 .Clinical treatment patterns for primary @entity674 are different, and the outcomes of different interventions vary. The optimal treatments for these subgroup of @entity1 still require further long-term investigation. Moreover, mitotic count and adjuvant IM are closely associated with PFS and @entity1349 in @entity674 .

title: Treatment and Prognoses in XXXX With Primary Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors >= 10cm: A Single-Institution Experience in China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['HPF', 'high-power fields']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GISTs', 'giant GISTs', 'gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to highlight the beneficial effects of yoga practice on bio-parameters, such as oxidative stress, antioxidant components, immune functions, and secretion of stress hormones, in healthy young @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: This study was conducted on healthy volunteers recruited from among university students, who were divided into two groups: a control (no yoga intervention, n=13) group and a yoga (n=12) group. Yoga practice was with an instructor for 90 minutes once a week spread over 12 weeks, with recommendations to practice daily at home for 40 minutes with the help of a @entity1741 . The yoga program consisted of yoga body poses (asanas), exercises involving awareness, @entity2798 of breath (pranayama), and meditational practices. Whole blood samples were collected when the volunteers had fasted for 8 hours at 0 and 12 weeks. The oxidative stress/antioxidant components, immune-related cytokines, and stress hormones were evaluated in serum or plasma. RESULTS: Serum levels of @entity842 , @entity37336 , and lipid @entity2625 were significantly decreased by yoga practice (p<0.05 or p=0.01), whereas serum total @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ) contents, activities of @entity6172 -peroxidase, and @entity6172 -s-transferase were remarkably increased after yoga practice compared with the control group (p<0.05 or p=0.01). Yoga practice also significantly increased immune-related cytokines, such as interleukin-12, and interferon-y, in serum (p<0.05 or p=0.01). Yoga practice significantly reduced the plasma levels of adrenalin (p<0.05) and increased plasma levels of @entity750 compared with the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Regular yoga practice remarkably attenuated oxidative stress and improved antioxidant levels of the body. Moreover, yoga beneficially affected stress hormone releases as well as partially improved immune function.

title: Regular Yoga Practice Improves Antioxidant Status, Immune Function, and Stress Hormone Releases in Young Healthy XXXX : A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity2625 :: ('CHEBI:44785', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxide']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity37336 :: ('MESH:D028441', 'Chemical') :: ['F2-isoprostane']

entities_list: @entity2798 :: ('MESH:D009155', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary regulation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['People']


abstract: Importance: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) has been reported to be associated with a general reduced risk of @entity5 . These studies were mainly carried out in Western populations and little was known about associations in East Asians. Objective: To analyze the association between @entity191 and risk of @entity5 . Design, Setting, and @entity1 : In this cohort study, the data were obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, which contained information on approximately 24.7 million insured individuals. The cohort included individuals with newly diagnosed as having @entity191 between 2004 and 2010. An age- and sex-matched systematic random-sampling method was used for subject selection in the reference non- @entity191 cohort. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to determine the effects of @entity191 on the risks of @entity5 , as shown by hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs. Main Outcomes and Measures: The Taiwan Population Census and National Cancer Registry Databases were used to identify @entity1 with @entity5 . The last follow-up date was December 31, 2012. Results: In 62   023 @entity1 with @entity191 , the HR for all subsequent @entity5 combined was 1.58 (95% CI, 1.50-1.65). Of the 19 types of @entity5 , @entity191 was not associated with @entity5344 . Increased HRs were found in the remaining 16 @entity5 , including malignant @entity1313 (HR, 3.42; 95% CI, 1.84-6.38), @entity1820 (esophageal [HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.28-2.57], stomach [HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.30-1.94], colorectal [HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.31-1.65], liver [HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.67-2.14]; gallbladder [HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.16-2.57], and pancreas [HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.09-2.02]) (P   <   .05 for all comparisons), @entity2 (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.38-1.76), some hormone-related @entity5 (uterine [HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.12-3.01], cervical [HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.05-1.76], and prostate [HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.52-2.13; P   <   .05 for all comparisons), @entity3484 (kidney and @entity150 ; HRs, 1.59 and 1.99, respectively; P   <   .001 for both comparisons), @entity706 (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.31-2.01), @entity320 (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.35-5.59), and other @entity1489 (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.46-2.23). For @entity157 , the highest HR resided in the 50- to 59-year-old group (HR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.7-3.89). Conclusions and Relevance: Our study concludes that @entity191 is is associated with most @entity5 in Taiwan. Further studies are needed to clarify whether our findings can be applied to other East Asian populations. The differences between our study and most previous cohorts suggest the importance of ethnicity and environmental exposures in disease pathogenesis.

title: Association Between XXXX and Risk of Cancer in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity3484 :: ('MESH:D014571', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract cancers']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast, ovarian, or thyroid cancers']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma and/or leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancers']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal tract cancers']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The goal of this systematic review was to reach scientific generalizations regarding the assessment of risk for pressure @entity1066 based on the results of previous studies that made use of the Braden Scale. DATA SOURCES: This research was performed by using a retrospective screening of studies relevant to the subject. In @entity233 , the first validity and reliability study for the Braden Scale was performed by O  uz and Olgun in 1998. For this reason, the authors' research was conducted between @entity71788 , 2012, and August 4, 2012, as a systematic review analysis by evaluating studies in @entity233 that made use of the Braden Scale between 1998 and 2012. Screening was performed by using different combinations of 8 keywords in Turkish and English to scan a total of 10 national and international databases. A total of 2375 studies were evaluated, and 16 studies were included and considered within the context of this research. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that the studies considered within the context of the current research were conducted between 1998 and 2012; 5 of these studies were experimental and 11 were descriptive; the sample size varied between 22 and 422; the majority were performed in intensive care units; and the study samples were mostly composed of @entity1 . The Braden Scale was used in these studies for forming samples by identifying high-risk @entity1 . Two studies evaluated the reliability of the Braden Scale, whereas 7 other studies calculated the reliability coefficient. Only 1 study included results for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (which represent the predictive criteria of assessment tools). Four studies indicated cutoff values, which varied between 14 and 18. A general evaluation of these studies' results revealed limited evidence of effective risk assessment by the Braden Scale.

title: The Use of the Braden Scale in Assessing Pressure Ulcers in XXXX : A Systematic Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this paper, we present a unified modeling framework to combine aggregated data from @entity23 ( @entity23 ) with individual @entity1 data (IPD) from observational studies. Rather than simply pooling the available evidence into an overall treatment effect, adjusted for potential confounding, the intention of this work is to explore treatment effects in specific @entity1 populations reflected by the IPD. In this way, by collecting IPD, we can potentially gain new insights from @entity23 ' results, which cannot be seen using only a meta-analysis of @entity23 . We present a new Bayesian hierarchical meta-regression model, which combines submodels, representing different types of data into a coherent analysis. Predictors of baseline risk are estimated from the individual data. Simultaneously, a bivariate random effects distribution of baseline risk and treatment effects is estimated from the combined individual and aggregate data. Therefore, given a subgroup of interest, the estimated treatment effect can be calculated through its correlation with baseline risk. We highlight different types of model parameters: those that are the focus of inference (e.g., treatment effect in a subgroup of @entity1 ) and those that are used to adjust for biases introduced by data collection processes (e.g., internal or external validity). The model is applied to a case study where @entity23 ' results, investigating efficacy in the treatment of @entity6 , are extrapolated to groups of @entity1 treated in medical routine and who were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Bayesian evidence synthesis for exploring generalizability of treatment effects: a case study of combining randomized and non-randomized results in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participant', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomized controlled trials', 'RCTs']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot problems']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: Judged @entity146 and its justifiability were examined with caricature cartoons and films of @entity1 doing comparable things. Effects of viewer gender, interactant gender, and facial expression were examined. Facial expression strongly affected both types of judgment, viewer gender had no influence, and interactant gender contributed slightly. Real-cartoon differences were significant, but accounted for little variance. Major response patterns were similar for films of @entity1 and cartoons. In two developmental studies, only facial expression influenced judgments of friendliness-hostility in cartoons, but condemnation of @entity146 decreased as viewer age increased. Results with films of real @entity1 followed those for cartoons. Facial expression influenced judged @entity146 , but only viewer age affected judged justifiability. Cross-experiment comparisons revealed that facial expression and the facial expression X real-cartoon interaction yielded major differences on both dependent variables. Subject and interactant gender were not significant for major dependent variables. Results of the developmental studies were similar to adults' suggesting that for judgments of simple aggressive acts, sex makes no difference, but facial expression does make a difference.

title: Does sex make a difference? Gender, age, and stimulus realism in perception and evaluation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'children']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness', 'aggression']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['aggression']


abstract: The @entity23223 is an @entity7184 found in long-distance runners. It is characterized by @entity158 on the outer aspect of the knee in close relation to the lateral femoral epicondyle. It is usually poorly localized, is aggravated by running long distances or excessive striding, and is more severe running downhill. It may be prevented by walking with a stiff knee. In a series of 100 consecutive knees, including 6 @entity1 with the syndrome in both knees (age range, 19 to 48 years; average, 31 years), of which 73 were available for follow-up evaluation, only 30 @entity1 were resolved on the initial regimen of a single injection of local @entity134 and reduction in the training program. Twenty-one @entity1 had two injections and 8 @entity1 required the third injection. The remaining 14 @entity1 were placed on a regimen of total rest from running for 4 to 6 weeks. Nine @entity1 returned to training and had no recurrence of @entity158 . Five @entity1 consented to surgery and returned to long-distance running between 2 and 7 weeks later. The syndrome apparently has a higher incidence in areas where long-distance running is the vogue, such as, South Africa, or where the climate is cool and running surfaces are slippery.

title: XXXX in runners.

entities_list: @entity7184 :: ('MESH:D012090', 'Disease') :: ['overuse injury']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity23223 :: ('MESH:D058745', 'Disease') :: ['iliotibial band friction syndrome']

answer: @entity23223 :: (MESH:D058745,Disease) :: ['Iliotibial band friction syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the psychometric properties of the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire in @entity1 with @entity4048 , using Rasch analysis. METHODS: A sample of 161 subjects with @entity4048 was assessed with the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire. Before performing Rasch analysis, we examined the structure of the scale with factor analysis. The goodness-of-fit of the data to the model, thresholds ordering, unidimensionality, local independence of the items, differential item functioning, @entity1 separation index, and mean @entity1 's location were assessed. RESULTS: Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the presence of 2 factors. Only Factor 1 needed a modification (item 7 removal) in order to achieve the fit to the Rasch model (  2   =   10.65, df 8, p   =   0.22). The @entity1 separation index was 0.80 and the mean location of @entity1 0.48 (standard deviation (SD) 1.02). @entity8876 (items 4 and 5) fitted the model without modifications (  2   =   3.86, df 4, p   =   0.42). Its @entity1 separation index and mean @entity1 's location were, respectively, 0.77 and -0.71 (SD 1.57). CONCLUSION: The Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire with the purposed modification may provide useful clinical profiles and change scores of subjects with @entity4048 for research purposes.

title: Rasch analysis of the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire to measure disability related to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['chronic neck pain']

answer: @entity4048 :: (MESH:D019547,Disease) :: ['chronic neck pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ) are a group of rare @entity6220 . The identification of specific antibodies directed to @entity3951 ( @entity3951 -IgG) led to the distinction from @entity15 . However, up to 25% of the clinically diagnosed NMO @entity1 are seronegative for @entity3951 -IgG. A subgroup of these @entity1 might be identified by antibodies directed to @entity3950 ( @entity3950 -IgG). Our objective was to investigate whether the clinical characteristics of these @entity1 differ. METHODS: Using a cell-based assay, samples of 61 @entity3951 -IgG seronegative @entity1 and 41 @entity3951 -IgG seropositive @entity1 with clinically NMOSD were analysed for the presence of @entity3950 -IgG. Clinical characteristics of the @entity3951 -IgG, @entity3950 -IgG seropositive and double seronegative NMOSD @entity1 were compared. RESULTS: Twenty of the 61 @entity3951 -IgG seronegative @entity1 tested @entity3950 -IgG seropositive (33%). @entity3950 -IgG seropositive @entity1 were more frequently males in contrast to @entity3951 -IgG seropositive @entity1 (55% vs. 15%, P < 0.01) and Caucasians (90% vs. 63%, P = 0.03). They more frequently presented with coincident @entity7995 and transverse @entity4685 (40% vs. 12%, P = 0.02) and had a monophasic disease course (70% vs. 29%, P < 0.01). @entity3951 -IgG seropositive @entity1 were 2.4 times more likely to suffer from relapses compared with @entity3950 -IgG seropositive @entity1 (relative risk 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.2-4.7). @entity3951 -IgG seropositive @entity1 had higher Expanded Disability Status Scale levels at last follow-up (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Antibodies directed to @entity3950 identify a subgroup of @entity3951 -IgG seronegative NMO @entity1 with generally a favourable monophasic disease course.

title: @entity1652 : comparison of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of XXXX -IgG versus @entity3950 -IgG seropositive cases in the Netherlands.

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['NMOSDs', 'Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity3950 :: ('4340', 'Gene') :: ['MOG', 'myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuritis']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity3951 :: (361,Gene) :: ['AQP4']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ) are a group of rare @entity6220 . The identification of specific antibodies directed to @entity3951 ( @entity3951 -IgG) led to the distinction from @entity15 . However, up to 25% of the clinically diagnosed NMO @entity1 are seronegative for @entity3951 -IgG. A subgroup of these @entity1 might be identified by antibodies directed to @entity3950 ( @entity3950 -IgG). Our objective was to investigate whether the clinical characteristics of these @entity1 differ. METHODS: Using a cell-based assay, samples of 61 @entity3951 -IgG seronegative @entity1 and 41 @entity3951 -IgG seropositive @entity1 with clinically NMOSD were analysed for the presence of @entity3950 -IgG. Clinical characteristics of the @entity3951 -IgG, @entity3950 -IgG seropositive and double seronegative NMOSD @entity1 were compared. RESULTS: Twenty of the 61 @entity3951 -IgG seronegative @entity1 tested @entity3950 -IgG seropositive (33%). @entity3950 -IgG seropositive @entity1 were more frequently males in contrast to @entity3951 -IgG seropositive @entity1 (55% vs. 15%, P < 0.01) and Caucasians (90% vs. 63%, P = 0.03). They more frequently presented with coincident @entity7995 and transverse @entity4685 (40% vs. 12%, P = 0.02) and had a monophasic disease course (70% vs. 29%, P < 0.01). @entity3951 -IgG seropositive @entity1 were 2.4 times more likely to suffer from relapses compared with @entity3950 -IgG seropositive @entity1 (relative risk 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.2-4.7). @entity3951 -IgG seropositive @entity1 had higher Expanded Disability Status Scale levels at last follow-up (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Antibodies directed to @entity3950 identify a subgroup of @entity3951 -IgG seronegative NMO @entity1 with generally a favourable monophasic disease course.

title: @entity1652 : comparison of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of @entity3951 -IgG versus XXXX -IgG seropositive cases in the Netherlands.

answer: @entity3950 :: (4340,Gene) :: ['MOG']