abstract: BACKGROUND: T cells and macrophages are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity449 ( @entity449 ) and @entity731 . We recently demonstrated that a vaccine using an @entity9331 -related peptide @entity42346 reduces @entity731 with favorable modulation of CD8(+) T cells in @entity6970 -deficient (apoE(-/-)) @entity19 . OBJECTIVES: This study hypothesized that a @entity42346 vaccine could reduce @entity449 formation in the @entity15395 ( @entity15395 )-induced @entity449 model. METHODS: Male apoE(-/-) @entity19 were immunized with @entity42346 vaccine and implanted with an @entity15395 -releasing pump for 4  weeks. Flow cytometry assessed T cell activation and phenotype. @entity777 ( @entity777 ) and @entity1750 ( @entity1750 ) expression were assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We used ex  vivo aortic explants to test monocyte adhesion and in  vitro cocultures to evaluate CD8(+) T cell function. RESULTS: The @entity42346 vaccine activated CD8(+) T cells and reduced @entity449 formation and mortality due to @entity1755 , which was attenuated by CD8(+) T cell depletion. Vaccination decreased expression of @entity777 and @entity1750  and reduced macrophage infiltration in the aorta. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte assay showed that CD8(+) T cells from @entity42346 -immunized @entity19 had higher lytic activity against @entity15395 -stimulated macrophages. The @entity42346 vaccine decreased splenic Th17 cells, and in  vitro coculture of @entity1961 (+) and CD8(+) T cells showed that CD8(+) T cells from @entity42346 -immunized @entity19 inhibited the polarization of @entity1961 (+) T cells into Th17 cells. @entity636 (-/-) @entity19 infused with a higher dose of @entity15395 did not develop @entity1755 . CONCLUSIONS: A @entity42346 vaccine protected against @entity15395 -induced @entity449 formation and mortality by reducing macrophage infiltration in the aorta and decreasing Th17 cell polarization. Our findings provide a potentially novel immunomodulating approach against @entity449 .

title: @entity9331 -Related Peptide Vaccine Protects Against @entity15395 -Induced XXXX Formation and Rupture.

answer: @entity449 :: (MESH:D001014,Disease) :: ['Aortic Aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: T cells and macrophages are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity449 ( @entity449 ) and @entity731 . We recently demonstrated that a vaccine using an @entity9331 -related peptide @entity42346 reduces @entity731 with favorable modulation of CD8(+) T cells in @entity6970 -deficient (apoE(-/-)) @entity19 . OBJECTIVES: This study hypothesized that a @entity42346 vaccine could reduce @entity449 formation in the @entity15395 ( @entity15395 )-induced @entity449 model. METHODS: Male apoE(-/-) @entity19 were immunized with @entity42346 vaccine and implanted with an @entity15395 -releasing pump for 4  weeks. Flow cytometry assessed T cell activation and phenotype. @entity777 ( @entity777 ) and @entity1750 ( @entity1750 ) expression were assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We used ex  vivo aortic explants to test monocyte adhesion and in  vitro cocultures to evaluate CD8(+) T cell function. RESULTS: The @entity42346 vaccine activated CD8(+) T cells and reduced @entity449 formation and mortality due to @entity1755 , which was attenuated by CD8(+) T cell depletion. Vaccination decreased expression of @entity777 and @entity1750  and reduced macrophage infiltration in the aorta. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte assay showed that CD8(+) T cells from @entity42346 -immunized @entity19 had higher lytic activity against @entity15395 -stimulated macrophages. The @entity42346 vaccine decreased splenic Th17 cells, and in  vitro coculture of @entity1961 (+) and CD8(+) T cells showed that CD8(+) T cells from @entity42346 -immunized @entity19 inhibited the polarization of @entity1961 (+) T cells into Th17 cells. @entity636 (-/-) @entity19 infused with a higher dose of @entity15395 did not develop @entity1755 . CONCLUSIONS: A @entity42346 vaccine protected against @entity15395 -induced @entity449 formation and mortality by reducing macrophage infiltration in the aorta and decreasing Th17 cell polarization. Our findings provide a potentially novel immunomodulating approach against @entity449 .

title: @entity9331 -Related Peptide Vaccine Protects Against XXXX -Induced @entity449 Formation and Rupture.

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['AA', 'aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['AA rupture']

entities_list: @entity1750 :: ('20296(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemotactic protein 1', 'MCP-1']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity15395 :: (11606(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Angiotensin II']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study sought to compare the association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and four body health types by gender. METHODS: The study included 6217 @entity1 and 8243 @entity1 over 30  years of age chosen from a population-based survey. @entity1 were grouped by body mass index and @entity209 into four types: metabolically healthy normal weight, metabolically abnormal but normal weight (MANW), @entity28 ( @entity28 ), and @entity209 ( @entity209 ). HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D health questionnaire. The outcomes encompassed five dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activity, @entity158 /discomfort, and @entity308 ), and the impaired HRQoL dichotomized by the EQ-5D preference score. Complex sample multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to adjust for sociodemographic variables, lifestyle factors, and disease comorbidity. RESULTS: Among @entity1 , those in the MANW group presented worse conditions on all dimensions and the impaired HRQoL compared to other @entity1 . However, no significant effect remained after adjusting for relevant covariates. For @entity1 , those in the @entity209 group had the most adversely affected HRQoL followed by those females in the @entity28 group. The domain of mobility and @entity209 and @entity28 groups remained significant when controlling for all covariates in the model. CONCLUSIONS: The MANW is the least favorable condition of HRQoL for @entity1 , suggesting that metabolic health may associate with HRQoL more than @entity28 for males. In @entity1 , the @entity209 and @entity28 groups had the most adversely affected HRQoL, implying that @entity28 is not a favorable health condition and that @entity28 , in general, may be strongly associated with HRQoL in @entity1 .

title: Obesity, XXXX , and health-related quality of life by gender: a cross-sectional study in Korean adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety/depression']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['MHO', 'obesity', 'metabolically healthy obesity']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MAO', 'metabolically abnormal obesity', 'impaired HRQoL variable of the MAO', 'metabolic abnormality']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic abnormality']


abstract: 1. @entity468 were prepared for chronic recordings from the lumbar enlargement of the spinal dorsal horn. At the beginning of each recording session, a @entity5335 microelectrode was advanced through the dura in a physiologically intact, awake, drug-free animal, until amplitude discrimination provided a single neuron with a receptive field on the hindquarters. 2. Extracellular recordings of activity of each neuron were made during receptive field stimulation with tactile and thermal nonnoxious and noxious stimuli. 3. Baseline responses obtained in the awake state were compared with responses of the same neurons during slow-wave or rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. In a subpopulation of neurons, the effects of anesthesia ( @entity1875 , 7.5 mg/kg iv) were observed after the completion of sleep studies. 4. The low-threshold receptive fields of the seven neurons studied during REM sleep were all increased in size when compared with the baseline value. The average increase was 52.6% (range 26.2-96.7%). 5. The low-threshold receptive fields of the seven neurons studied during REM sleep were reduced by @entity1875 anesthesia by an average of 49.1% (range 29-74%). 6. Neuronal response to receptive field brushing was observed in 15 neurons during REM sleep. The effect of @entity1875 on receptive field brushing was observed in 8 of those neurons. In only one of those eight neurons were the effects of REM sleep and anesthesia in the same direction. 7. Changes in neuronal responses were less consistent during slow-wave sleep but still differed from changes induced by @entity1875 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Low-threshold neuronal activity of spinal dorsal horn neurons increases during REM sleep in XXXX : comparison with effects of anesthesia.

entities_list: @entity5335 :: ('MESH:D014414', 'Chemical') :: ['tungsten']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

answer: @entity468 :: (9685,Species) :: ['cats']


abstract: We constructed an accurate polyether force field for implicit solvent (IS) @entity74 ( @entity74 ) simulations that matches local and global conformations of @entity29907 ( @entity59781 ) and @entity968 ( @entity970 ), respectively. To make appropriate force field adjustments for IS models of @entity970 , we used long-term @entity74 simulation data of 1  s in explicit solvent (ES) based on the most recent CHARMM35 ether force field that includes adjustments for @entity970 in explicit water. In IS models, competition of attractive @entity558 Waals (vdW) interactions between solute-solute and solute-solvent atom pairs is often not considered explicitly. As a consequence, the attractive vdW interactions between solute atom pairs that remain in IS models explicitly can yield equilibrium structures that are too compact. This behavior was observed in the present study comparing @entity74 simulation data of the @entity59781 and @entity970 ES model with corresponding IS models that use generalized Born (GB) electrostatics combined with positive surface energy terms favoring compact structures. To regain balance of attractive vdW interactions for IS models, we considered the IS generalized Born with simple switching (GBSW) model in detail, where we turned off surface energy terms and reduced attractive vdW interactions to 90%, or we used alternatively even slightly negative surface energies. However, to obtain quantitatively the same local and global distributions of @entity970 conformers as in ES, we needed additional force field adjustments involving torsion potentials and 1-4 and 1-5 atom pair Coulomb interactions. This CHARMM ether force field, specifically optimized for IS simulation conditions, is equally valid for dimeric and polymeric @entity10977 . To explore the conformational space of @entity970 with @entity74 simulations, an IS GBSW model requires 2 orders of magnitude less CPU time than the corresponding ES model. About a factor of 5 of this gain in efficiency is due to the lack of solvent viscosity in IS models.

title: Merging Implicit with Explicit Solvent Simulations: XXXX .

entities_list: @entity10977 :: ('MESH:D019855', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylene glycol']

entities_list: @entity29907 :: ('MESH:C024683', 'Chemical') :: ['1,2-dimethoxy-ethane']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['molecular dynamics', 'MD']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity968 :: (MESH:D011092,Chemical) :: ['Polyethylene Glycol']


abstract: Seventeen @entity35 GABAA receptor subtypes were transiently expressed in the @entity1 embryonic kidney 293 cell line from alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 5, or alpha 6 variants with any of the three beta subunits and gamma 2S or gamma 3. We obtained fingerprints in the form of subtype characteristic concentration-response curves of 35S-TBPS binding to @entity1246 and the GABAA antagonists @entity8772 and @entity1027 . alpha 3 beta 3 gamma 2S/3 and alpha 5 beta 3 gamma 2S/3 containing receptors effectively recognized 35S-TBPS but not when beta 3 was replaced by the @entity21277 subunit. This indicates a specific interaction of alpha and beta variants to form high-affinity 35S-TBPS binding sites. At low levels @entity1246 allosterically increased 35S-TBPS binding to all receptors with the concentration and magnitude depending on the subunit combination. Exchange of the beta variant did not alter the concentration-response curves for alpha 1 and alpha 6 containing receptors but did so for alpha 2 containing receptors. alpha 2 beta 3 gamma 3 receptors displayed strong @entity1246 -induced stimulation of 35S-TBPS binding, whereas binding to alpha 2 beta 3 gamma 3 receptors was marginally increased. @entity8772 and @entity1027 decreased 35S-TBPS binding to all gamma 3 containing receptors. In addition, @entity1027 was effective on alpha 1 beta x gamma 2 receptors. @entity8772 was threefold more potent than @entity1027 in reversing @entity1246 -induced modulation of 35S-TBPS binding in most receptor types, but was 30-fold more potent on alpha 2 @entity10483 gamma 3 and alpha 6 @entity10483 gamma 2S receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX antagonists differentiate between recombinant GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor subtypes.

entities_list: @entity1027 :: ('MESH:D001640', 'Chemical') :: ['bicuculline']

answer: @entity1246 :: (MESH:D005680,Chemical) :: ['GABA']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether segments with reverse redistribution on rest-redistribution 201Tl scintigraphy represent viable tissue or scar. METHODS: Nineteen @entity1 (17 @entity1 , 2 @entity1 ; mean age 53 +/- 8 yr) with @entity453 underwent rest-redistribution 201Tl study before coronary revascularization. Regional 201Tl uptake was analyzed quantitatively. Regional left ventricular wall motion was assessed before and after coronary revascularization using two-dimensional echocardiography and a three-point scale (1 = normal, 2 = @entity5048 , 3 = @entity2845 / @entity910 ). Two patterns of reverse redistribution were identified: pattern with normal 201Tl uptake in rest and abnormal in redistribution images and pattern with abnormal 201Tl uptake in rest and a significant decrease in redistribution images. RESULTS: Of the 247 segments analyzed, 85 were classified as normal, 37 as reversible defects, 83 as fixed defects and 42 as reverse redistribution (19 RR-A, 23 RR-B). Segments with RR-A differed from those with RR-B in wall motion score (1.4 +/- 0.7 versus 2.0 +/- 1.0). Electrocardiographic Q-waves were present in 26% of segments with RR-A and in 57% of segments with pattern B. After revascularization, all @entity1347 with pattern A showed improved wall motion, while only 40% of segments with pattern B and abnormal wall motion had such improvement. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that @entity1347 with pattern A should be considered viable, while more caution should be used in classifying those with pattern B.

title: Reverse redistribution in resting thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy in chronic XXXX : an index of myocardial viability.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['dyssynergic segments']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinetic']

entities_list: @entity5048 :: ('MESH:C536231', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinetic']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: AIM: The purpose of this study was to explore the PECN students' clinical decision-making during a seven-week clinical rotation in the ambulance services. INTRODUCTION: Developing expertise in @entity341 care practices requires both theoretical and empirical learning. A @entity341 care nurse (PECN) is a Registered Nurse (RN) with one year of additional training in emergency care. There has been little investigation of how PECN students describe their decision-making during a clinical rotation. METHODS: A qualitative study design was used, and 12 logbooks written by the Swedish PECN students were analysed using content analysis. FINDINGS: The students wrote about 997 @entity1 encounters - ambulance assignments during their clinical rotation. Four themes emerged as crucial for the students' decision-making: knowing the @entity1 , the context-situation awareness in the ambulance service, collaboration, and evaluation. Based on the themes, students made decisions on how to respond to @entity1 ' illnesses. CONCLUSION: The PECN students used several variables in their decision-making. The decision- making was an on-going process during the whole ambulance assignment. The university has the responsibility to guide the students during their transition from an RN to a PECN. The findings of the study can support the educators and clinical supervisors in developing the programme of study for becoming a PECN.

title: Clinical decision-making described by Swedish XXXX care nurse students - An exploratory study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['prehospital emergency']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['prehospital emergency']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study examines characteristics of individuals with @entity162 who sought psychotherapy versus those who did not. METHODS: Bipolar CHOICE was an 11-site comparative effectiveness study of @entity1091 versus @entity1089 in symptomatic outpatients (N = 482) with @entity162 . At baseline, @entity1 ' psychotherapy use within the past 3 months, mood, functioning, and overall health were assessed. Logistic regressions were used to test whether psychotherapy users and non-users differed on various demographic and clinical variables at baseline. Mixed-effects regression was used to determine whether psychotherapy groups differed on response to treatment over the 6-month study. Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank tests were employed to test whether there were any differences in time to recovery (CGI-BP  <= 2 for at least 8 weeks) between the groups. RESULTS: Thirty one percent of @entity1 reported using psychotherapy services. Psychotherapy users reported greater medication side effect burden than non-users and were more likely to have moderate to high suicide risk and at least one @entity148 . @entity1 not utilizing medications or psychotherapy had greater mania symptom severity, were younger, and less educated than medication only users. Medication only users were more likely to be married than the other @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that a minority of individuals with @entity162 attend psychotherapy services, and those that do have greater illness burden.

title: Psychotherapy use in XXXX : Association with functioning and illness severity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorder']


abstract: Drug-induced @entity8032 is a tissue-specific condition and is estimated to affect approximately one million North Americans. Lesions occur principally as side-effects from @entity3174 , @entity594 , or @entity205 therapy in approximately half of the @entity1 who take these agents. Due to new indications for these drugs, their use continues to grow. Here, we review the molecular and cellular characteristics of @entity1 @entity8032 and highlight how they differ considerably as a function of the causative drug. Analyses of molecular signaling pathways in cultured @entity1 gingival fibroblasts have provided evidence for their unique aspects compared with fibroblasts from the lung and kidney. These findings provide insights into both the basis for tissue specificity and into possible therapeutic opportunities which are reviewed here. Although @entity205 -induced @entity8032 exhibit principally the presence of @entity32 and little @entity82 , @entity594 - and especially @entity3174 -induced lesions are highly fibrotic. The increased expression of markers of gingival @entity82 , particularly @entity12020 [also known as @entity12020 ( @entity12020 )], markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and more recently periostin and members of the @entity12553 oxidase family of enzymes have been documented in @entity3174 or @entity594 lesions. Some oral @entity558 such as @entity12120 and @entity2345 , after subsequent additional genetic damage, can develop into @entity5 . Since many pathways are shared, the study of gingival @entity82 and comparisons with characteristics and molecular drivers of @entity5 would likely enhance understandings and functional roles of molecular drivers of these oral pathologies.

title: Molecular and clinical aspects of drug-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic conditions']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2345 :: ('MESH:D009914', 'Disease') :: ['oral submucous fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['ciclosporin']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity12120 :: ('MESH:D007971', 'Disease') :: ['leukoplakia']

entities_list: @entity8032 :: ('MESH:D019214', 'Disease') :: ['gingival overgrowth lesions', 'gingival overgrowth']

entities_list: @entity12020 :: ('1490', 'Gene') :: ['CCN2', 'connective tissue growth factor', 'CTGF']

answer: @entity8032 :: (MESH:D019214,Disease) :: ['gingival overgrowth']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study investigated blackberry (Persian mulberry) effects on apo A-I, @entity755 , high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in dyslipidemic @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this 8-week randomized clinical trial, 72 dyslipidemic @entity1 were randomly divided into two groups: Intervention (300 mL/day blackberry juice with pulp) and control group (usual diets). Before and after the intervention, fasting blood samples were taken from both groups and serum concentration of lipoprotein, @entity3516 , serum lipids (total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and @entity412 ), hs-CRP were measured. Blood pressure before and after the study was measured with a @entity349 manometer. RESULTS: At week 8 in the intervention group, apo A-I and HDL increased significantly (P = 0.015, P = 0.001, respectively), @entity755 and hs-CRP decreased significantly (P = 0.044, P = 0.04, respectively). Mean changes in @entity3516 /apo A-I ratio were significant between the groups (P = 0.005, P = 0.014, and P = 0.009, respectively). After 8 weeks, there was a significant difference between hs-CRP mean values (P = 0.01) of the groups. At week 8, SBP decreased significantly (P = 0.005) in the intervention group with no significant differences for SBP mean values between the groups. No significant changes were observed in other lipid parameters and DBP in the intervention group and between the groups. CONCLUSION: Blackberry consumption may exert beneficial effects on apolipoproteins, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers in individuals with @entity4977 .

title: Effects of blackberry (Morus nigra L.) consumption on serum concentration of lipoproteins, apo A-I, XXXX , and high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein and blood pressure in dyslipidemic @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity349 :: ('MESH:D008628', 'Chemical') :: ['mercury']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity4977 :: ('MESH:D052439', 'Disease') :: ['lipid disorders']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity3516 :: ('335;338', 'Gene') :: ['apo A-I and apo B', 'apo A-I and HDL and apo B']

answer: @entity755 :: (338,Gene) :: ['apo B']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study investigated blackberry (Persian mulberry) effects on apo A-I, @entity755 , high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in dyslipidemic @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this 8-week randomized clinical trial, 72 dyslipidemic @entity1 were randomly divided into two groups: Intervention (300 mL/day blackberry juice with pulp) and control group (usual diets). Before and after the intervention, fasting blood samples were taken from both groups and serum concentration of lipoprotein, @entity3516 , serum lipids (total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and @entity412 ), hs-CRP were measured. Blood pressure before and after the study was measured with a @entity349 manometer. RESULTS: At week 8 in the intervention group, apo A-I and HDL increased significantly (P = 0.015, P = 0.001, respectively), @entity755 and hs-CRP decreased significantly (P = 0.044, P = 0.04, respectively). Mean changes in @entity3516 /apo A-I ratio were significant between the groups (P = 0.005, P = 0.014, and P = 0.009, respectively). After 8 weeks, there was a significant difference between hs-CRP mean values (P = 0.01) of the groups. At week 8, SBP decreased significantly (P = 0.005) in the intervention group with no significant differences for SBP mean values between the groups. No significant changes were observed in other lipid parameters and DBP in the intervention group and between the groups. CONCLUSION: Blackberry consumption may exert beneficial effects on apolipoproteins, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers in individuals with @entity4977 .

title: Effects of blackberry (Morus nigra L.) consumption on serum concentration of lipoproteins, apo A-I, @entity755 , and high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein and blood pressure in dyslipidemic XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The use of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) to protect the myocardium is usually not effective in elderly @entity1 . The aim of the present study was to design new methods to achieve enhanced myocardial protection, based on the differential role of endogenous @entity859 ( @entity7308 ) and @entity7308 receptors (ARs) in the effects of IPC on young and old animals. An improved New Zealand white @entity95 model of @entity63 /reperfusion was established based on the Langendorff model. Adult or elderly @entity95 hearts, with or without exposure to IPC, were used in order to assess the roles of @entity7308 and ARs in the different effects of IPC. Different protective methods were designed based on a combination of endogenous and exogenous interventions. Cardiac function, as well as biochemical, histopathological and apoptotic indices, were measured in the different intervention groups. The improved Langendorff model was stable, reliable and suitable for the undertaking of the experiments. The @entity7308 levels in the aged @entity95 hearts pre- and post-IPC were lower than those in the adult hearts, indicating that @entity7308 levels may be an endogenous factor influencing IPC. A new protection strategy combining @entity7308 -enhanced IPC, A1AR agonist @entity11463 preconditioning and cold crystalloid cardioplegia had a significant protective effect in aged hearts. The results of the present study suggested that endogenous @entity7308 enhancement, A1AR agonist preconditioning and exogenous treatment yield an additive effect in aged @entity95 hearts. The simultaneous application of these three types of intervention provided the most effective myocardial protection in the improved aged @entity95 heart model.

title: Novel cardioprotective strategy combining three different preconditioning methods to prevent @entity63 /reperfusion injury in aged hearts in an improved XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity11463 :: ('MESH:C058394', 'Chemical') :: ['2-chloro-N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The use of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) to protect the myocardium is usually not effective in elderly @entity1 . The aim of the present study was to design new methods to achieve enhanced myocardial protection, based on the differential role of endogenous @entity859 ( @entity7308 ) and @entity7308 receptors (ARs) in the effects of IPC on young and old animals. An improved New Zealand white @entity95 model of @entity63 /reperfusion was established based on the Langendorff model. Adult or elderly @entity95 hearts, with or without exposure to IPC, were used in order to assess the roles of @entity7308 and ARs in the different effects of IPC. Different protective methods were designed based on a combination of endogenous and exogenous interventions. Cardiac function, as well as biochemical, histopathological and apoptotic indices, were measured in the different intervention groups. The improved Langendorff model was stable, reliable and suitable for the undertaking of the experiments. The @entity7308 levels in the aged @entity95 hearts pre- and post-IPC were lower than those in the adult hearts, indicating that @entity7308 levels may be an endogenous factor influencing IPC. A new protection strategy combining @entity7308 -enhanced IPC, A1AR agonist @entity11463 preconditioning and cold crystalloid cardioplegia had a significant protective effect in aged hearts. The results of the present study suggested that endogenous @entity7308 enhancement, A1AR agonist preconditioning and exogenous treatment yield an additive effect in aged @entity95 hearts. The simultaneous application of these three types of intervention provided the most effective myocardial protection in the improved aged @entity95 heart model.

title: Novel cardioprotective strategy combining three different preconditioning methods to prevent XXXX /reperfusion injury in aged hearts in an improved @entity95 model.

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: We present the case of a 40-year-old @entity1 with rapidly deteriorating acute @entity5422 , finally diagnosed as eastern equine @entity198 (EEE). The course and timing in this @entity1 are quite characteristic. EEE is an arthropod @entity221 in which the mosquito serves as the vector. It is amongst the most severe of the @entity3082 and has a high mortality and morbidity. In nonfatal cases, residual @entity51 are often severe and permanent. North American lineage of EEE is mainly found in the northeast especially along the coastal areas. EEE is primarily found in @entity1641 and other domestic mammals that remain outdoors nocturnally. In @entity1 , symptoms range from nonspecific constitutional features to catastrophic @entity16 including @entity204 . @entity2753 and increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell count are independent predictors of poor outcomes. Diagnosis is suggestive by demonstrating IgM antibody in blood or CSF samples and can be confirmed by other serologic assay including immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Measures recommended by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) for prevention include using repellents, protective clothing, screens, and eradication of mosquito breeding areas. EEE remains without cure and prevention is the best medicine.

title: Eastern equine XXXX : a classical case.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity3082 :: ('MESH:D004671', 'Disease') :: ['arbovirus encephalitides']

entities_list: @entity5422 :: ('MESH:D008590', 'Disease') :: ['meningoencephalitis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological sequelae']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['borneviral illness']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['Hyponatremia']

answer: @entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['encephalitis']


abstract: The main hemodynamic disturbance occurring in @entity1 with essential @entity101 is an increase in the total peripheral resistance. In young @entity1 with @entity101 , this disturbance is clearly seen during muscular exercise, even though the calculated resistance might be normal during rest. This article reports results of studies on the long-term hemodynamic effects of two @entity460 channel blockers, @entity1855 and @entity594 , in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity101 . Twenty-five @entity1 , aged 20 to 64 years, with diastolic blood pressures between 100 and 120 mm Hg before treatment were studied at rest and during exercise on ergometer bicycles. Blood pressure was recorded intra-arterially, and cardiac output was measured. After this initial study, 10 @entity1 were treated with @entity1855 (from 40 to 80 mg, three times daily) and 15 @entity1 with @entity594 (long-acting form, from 40 to 80 mg daily). After one year, the hemodynamic study was repeated. Both drugs induced a @entity551 and in the total peripheral resistance without any reduction in the cardiac index. @entity1855 reduced heart rate, particularly during exercise, but this effect was compensated by an increase in the @entity64 volume. The hemodynamic profile of these two @entity460 channel blockers clearly differs from the hemodynamic effects of beta blockers.

title: Hemodynamic effects of @entity460 channel blockers at rest and during exercise in essential XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil', 'Verapamil']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in blood pressure']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: The main hemodynamic disturbance occurring in @entity1 with essential @entity101 is an increase in the total peripheral resistance. In young @entity1 with @entity101 , this disturbance is clearly seen during muscular exercise, even though the calculated resistance might be normal during rest. This article reports results of studies on the long-term hemodynamic effects of two @entity460 channel blockers, @entity1855 and @entity594 , in @entity1 with mild to moderate @entity101 . Twenty-five @entity1 , aged 20 to 64 years, with diastolic blood pressures between 100 and 120 mm Hg before treatment were studied at rest and during exercise on ergometer bicycles. Blood pressure was recorded intra-arterially, and cardiac output was measured. After this initial study, 10 @entity1 were treated with @entity1855 (from 40 to 80 mg, three times daily) and 15 @entity1 with @entity594 (long-acting form, from 40 to 80 mg daily). After one year, the hemodynamic study was repeated. Both drugs induced a @entity551 and in the total peripheral resistance without any reduction in the cardiac index. @entity1855 reduced heart rate, particularly during exercise, but this effect was compensated by an increase in the @entity64 volume. The hemodynamic profile of these two @entity460 channel blockers clearly differs from the hemodynamic effects of beta blockers.

title: Hemodynamic effects of XXXX channel blockers at rest and during exercise in essential @entity101 .

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Predictors of treatment outcome of @entity1697 ( @entity1697 ) in @entity1 with @entity27 ( @entity27 ) are not known. There is a pressing need for simple, clinically useful tools to predict treatment outcome. This study aimed to identify predictors of successful OA therapy for @entity27 , including evaluation of pharyngeal morphology, which can be measured during routine examination by an otorhinolaryngologist. METHODOLOGY: This was a prospective study of 26 @entity27 @entity1 treated with @entity1697 . A favourable outcome was obtained in 14 @entity1 (responders) but not in 12 @entity1 (nonresponders). The baseline @entity1 characteristics and polysomnography and rhinopharyngeal findings were analysed. RESULTS: Body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in responders versus nonresponders (23.6    2.8 vs. 27.9    4.7 kg/m2; p < 0.05). Pharyngeal morphology, age, sex and nasal resistance did not differ between the groups. Multiple regression analysis showed that BMI was a significant predictor of improvement in the apnoea/hypopnoea index after OA treatment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Here we demonstrated that BMI is a favourable predictor of OA treatment outcome in @entity27 @entity1 . Among the @entity27 @entity1 , responders had wider retroglossal spaces than nonresponders.

title: Prediction of oral appliance treatment outcome in XXXX : a preliminary study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['OSAS', 'obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral appliances', 'OAs']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity409 is a benign lesion presenting as an enlarging abdominal mass in @entity1 less than 2 years of age. Fewer than 5% cases are present in individuals over 5 years of age, and this lesion is extremely rare in adults. It may affect the @entity409 as a cystic or solid mass or both components may be present. The pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, but these lesions have generally been considered to represent a development abnormality in the bile duct plate formation. CASE REPORT: In this report, we present a case of a 44-year-old @entity1 who was surgically treated at the Department of Abdominal, Endocrine and Transplantation Surgery of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina due to @entity5409 in the liver segment IV that had been verified by computed tomography imaging diagnostics. The @entity1 was sent from a smaller health center with the diagnosis of @entity8434 . After the adequate preparation of the @entity1 , surgical excision ofthe @entity409 was done. Once a thorough histological examination had been performed, the diagnosis of @entity4607 was made. CONCLUSION: @entity409 is a @entity5 resulting from abnormal, intra-uterine development of bile ducts and has a delayed clinical manifestation, thus this lesion appears to be related to the processes of maturation. It is potentially pre-malignant lesion presenting as a solid and/or @entity5 . Symptoms, laboratory results and radiographic imaging are nonspecific and inconclusive, so surgical excision of the whole lesion is the imperative for the definitive diagnosis.

title: XXXX in adults--case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign tumor', 'cystic neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver', 'liver cystic lesion', 'left or the right lobe of liver']

entities_list: @entity8434 :: ('MESH:D004443', 'Disease') :: ['echinococcosis']

entities_list: @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal hamartoma']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver']


abstract: Ten @entity1 with @entity4903 underwent radiation therapy of the retrobulbar orbital tissue. Between the 2nd and the 13th week preceding radiotherapy, exacerbation of the clinical symptoms had appeared in all the @entity1 , and distinct symptoms of infiltrative tissular processes were seen beside bulbar protrusion. Of the cases, 5 suffered from marked @entity121 , 6 from @entity2687 , and one @entity1 had lost his visual faculty. Index numbers for the degree of the orbitopathy (4-11, average 6.7) were established in all cases, and a total focal dose amounting to maximally 1000 cGy for each retrobulbar target volume was administered in one series. The pituitary gland was not included in the radiation field. Indices for the degree of @entity6875 were reduced by at least 3 points (average 3.7). Swelling of soft tissue and bulbar protrusion were decreased primarily. No improvement of @entity121 was obtained but aggravation also did not occur. Recurrences appeared in 4 @entity1 , at the earliest 4 months, at the latest 24 months after the end of the therapy. The present findings have shown orbital irradiation as an effective method for the treatment of @entity4903 .

title: [Radiation therapy of XXXX . 1st communication: clinical results (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal lesions']

entities_list: @entity6875 :: ('MESH:D049970', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmopathy']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['extra-ocular myopathy', 'myopathy']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['serious endocrine orbitopathy', 'endocrine orbitopathy']

answer: @entity4903 :: (MESH:D004700,Disease) :: ['endocrine orbitopathy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Individuals with @entity161 consistently @entity73 in social cognition (SC). SC has become a potential treatment target due to its association with functional outcomes. An alternative method of assessment is to administer an observer-based scale incorporating an informant's "first hand" impressions in ratings. METHODS: The present study used the Observable Social Cognition: A Rating Scale ( @entity9215 ) in 62 outpatients and 50 non-psychiatric controls (NPCs) to assess performance in domains of SC (e.g. emotion perception, theory of mind). RESULTS: The @entity9215 demonstrated sufficient internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Construct validity was assessed through an exploratory factor analysis. @entity1 @entity9215 indices were not significantly correlated with measures of SC with the exception of aggressive attributional style. Individuals with @entity73 in SC reacted more aggressively to ambiguous situations. NPC @entity9215 were significantly correlated with measures of theory of mind and attributional style. In a combined sample of @entity1 and controls, six of eight items were significantly correlated with the SC task assessing the same domain, providing modest evidence of convergent validity. In @entity1 , the @entity9215 was significantly correlated with measures of functional outcome and neurocognition. Last, the @entity9215 was found to be significantly associated with functional outcome after the influence of objective measures of SC was statistically removed. CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides preliminary evidence that the @entity9215 may be useful for clinicians in collecting data about @entity1 ' potential real-world @entity73 , in turn increasing the degree to which these impairments may be targeted in treatment.

title: Observable Social Cognition--A Rating Scale: an interview-based assessment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['SC deficits', 'less impairment', 'show impairments']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: The authors undertook a study of changes in bone conduction (BC) during 800 operations carried out over a 5 years period (1979-1984) for @entity102 or sequelae of @entity102 . After elimination of ears with @entity2319 (47) and cases unsuitable for evaluation (39), they finally included 714 records in the study. Only comparison of free and post-operative BC was made and using 4 conversational frequencies, not taking into account a deviation of 5 DB for each of these 4 frequencies. The study involved 317 myringoplasties: In 271 (i.e. 85,5%) there was no change in BC. Amongst them, 37 @entity1 nevertheless showed a transient fall in BC. Of particular importance is the fact that almost 1/3 (11 to be exact) recovered only during the 2nd semester following surgery, a period which was even exceeded in the other 5 cases. 46 (i.e. 14.5%) were classified as "permanent" falls in BC. Amongst these in only 17 (i.e. 5%) were there "only" the three standard aggression factors for the I.O.: aspiration--scraping--manipulation of the tympano-ossicular system, without it being possible to attribute a predominant role to one more than the other. With regard to reaming of the E.A.M., those cases in which this could be considered responsible appeared to be infinitesimal. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference (reduced deviation test--"chi"2 test) between the number of falls in BC seen following myringoplasty with or without reaming. 83 tympanoplasties by Piston-Malleus, study of which led to the same conclusions as for myringoplasties. 118 masto-atticotomies, including 23 with posterior tympanotomy. Despite peri-labyrinthine and peri-ossicular scraping, results were essentially identical. 196 evacuation cavities (227-31 @entity2319 ) of which somewhat less than half only (46%) were ears undergoing surgery for the first time. Percentage of unchanged BC was here much more unfavourable, with 49 "permanent" falls in BC, i.e. 25%, of which, it must be said, 5 were minimal falls, and with, in 25 cases, a follow-up of less than 3 months.

title: [Changes in bone conduction in the surgery of XXXX and its sequelae (evaluation of 800 operations)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic otitis']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic otitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A systematic review of the literature to evaluate the clinical outcome of cochlear implantation for @entity1 with @entity2319 ( @entity2319 ) or @entity393 ( @entity393 ). DATA SOURCES: We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases from their inception up to December 10, 2013 for @entity2319 or @entity393 and cochlear implantation or their synonyms. STUDY SELECTION: In total, 781 articles were retrieved, of which 15 satisfied the eligibility criteria. Our outcomes of interest were speech perception in noise, sound localization, quality of life (QoL), and @entity392 . DATA EXTRACTION: Critical appraisal showed that six studies reported on less than five @entity1 or that they carried a low directness of evidence or a high risk of bias. Therefore, we extracted the data of nine studies (n = 112). @entity1 numbers, age, duration of @entity2319 , classification of @entity2319 , pure tone audiometry, follow-up duration, and outcome measurements were extracted from all nine articles. DATA SYNTHESIS: Because of large heterogeneity between studies, we were not able to pool data in a meta-analysis. We therefore summarized the results of the studies specified per outcome. CONCLUSION: There are no high-level-of-evidence studies concerning cochlear implantation in @entity1 with @entity2319 or @entity393 . Current literature suggests important benefits of cochlear implantation regarding sound localization, QoL, and @entity392 . Varying results were reported for speech perception in noise, possibly caused by the large clinical heterogeneity between studies. Larger and high-quality studies are certainly warranted.

title: Cochlear Implantation for XXXX With Single-Sided Deafness or Asymmetrical Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['AHL', 'asymmetrical hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['deafness', 'single-sided deafness', 'SSD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Alterations in intracellular @entity141 concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) play a crucial role in fundamental cellular events from transcriptional regulation to migration and proliferation. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels contribute to changes in [ @entity141 ]i by providing or modulating @entity141 entry pathways, as well as by releasing @entity141 from intracellular stores. On the basis of sequence homology, the TRP family can be divided into seven subfamilies: the TRPC ("canonical") family, the TRPV ("vanilloid") family, the TRPM ("melastatin") family, the TRPP ("polycystin") family, the TRPML ("mucolipin") family, the @entity13622 ("ankyrin") family, and the TRPN ("NOMPC") family. In this review, we focus on the physiology and pathophysiology of @entity1 TRPC channels in the nervous system. Seven @entity1 TRPC proteins ( @entity7012 -7) have been described and are widely distributed in the brain from early embryonic days till adulthood, with the exception of @entity71704 . TRPC channels are nonselective @entity141 -permeable channels, which can be activated by G-protein-coupled receptors and receptor @entity4149 kinases. These channels have been reported to act as essential cellular sensors in multiple processes during neuronal development, including neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation, neuronal survival, neurite outgrowth and axon path finding, and synaptogenesis. Not surprisingly, studies on these channels also provide new insights into underlying mechanisms of various @entity146 . The present review summarizes the expressions of all TRPC subtypes in different brain regions and different neural cell types, aiming to serve as a useful reference for future studies in this field. We also discuss the most updated evidence implicating involvement of TRPC channels in the generation of pathophysiological states in nervous system and their potentials as being promising targets for drug development.

title: TRPC Channels: Prominent Candidates of Underlying Mechanism in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Neuropsychiatric Diseases']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) @entity5254 is a rare entity that can arise from a variety of causes. Successful management has been reported using a variety of repair techniques. The goal of this study is to make recommendations on intraoperative and postoperative management of CSF fistulas across all causes. RECENT FINDINGS: Pooled analysis of case series reveals that free graft repairs are successful in closing most traumatic and iatrogenic CSF leaks. In contrast, multilayered, vascularized repairs are often required for large defects with high-flow leaks that communicate with a cistern and/or ventricles. Spontaneous CSF leaks are associated with @entity5576 in the vast majority of cases, and when present, postoperative medical management is necessary for long-term success. SUMMARY: @entity1 with @entity5254 require surgical repair to prevent life-threatening complications. Many techniques and materials are effective at achieving closure of CSF @entity292 across causes. Evidence suggests that @entity1 with high-flow CSF fistulas have improved outcomes with multilayered, vascularized repairs to decrease the risk of postoperative CSF leaks. @entity1 with @entity5576 need long-term management of the underlying disease process.

title: Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5254 :: ('MESH:D002559', 'Disease') :: ['rhinorrhea', 'CSF rhinorrhea']

entities_list: @entity5576 :: ('MESH:D011559', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic intracranial hypertension']

answer: @entity5254 :: (MESH:D002559,Disease) :: ['cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In most mammals, prolonged @entity121 (e.g. bed-rest, limb casting or spaceflight) results in @entity194 of muscle fibres which is largely due to unregulated proteolysis. Although numerous proteolytic pathways are known to participate in @entity121 @entity194 , recent evidence suggests that activation of @entity141 -dependent @entity462 proteases (calpains) is required for disuse @entity194 in limb skeletal muscles. In contrast to typical models of @entity121 ( @entity1 and rodents), animals that experience natural bouts of chronic muscle inactivity, such as hibernating mammals and aestivating frogs, consistently exhibit limited or no change in skeletal muscle size. In the current study, we examined enzyme activity, protein abundance and gene expression levels of calpain isoforms in gastrocnemius muscle of the aestivating frog, Cyclorana alboguttata. We predicted that in aestivating C. alboguttata there would be a downregulation of the abundance, activity and gene expression of @entity3396 and @entity24365 . In contrast to our hypothesis, there was no significant decrease in the enzyme activity levels or the relative protein abundances of @entity3396 and @entity24365 . Similarly, gene expression assays (both qRT-PCR and RNA Seq data) indicated that calpains were unaffected by aestivation. Western blotting of 'muscle-specific' calpain 3, which is consistently downregulated during @entity2537 , indicated that this isoform is present in C. alboguttata muscle where it appears to be in its autolysed state. The absence of any increase in enzyme activity, protein and mRNA abundance of calpains in aestivators is consistent with the protection of gastrocnemius muscle against uncontrolled proteolysis throughout aestivation.

title: Activity, abundance and expression of XXXX -activated proteases in skeletal muscle of the aestivating frog, Cyclorana alboguttata.

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity2537 :: ('MESH:D020966', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic conditions']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle disuse']

answer: @entity141 :: (CHEBI:29108,Chemical) :: ['Ca(2+)']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although tonsil surgery is one of the most frequent otorhinolaryngological procedures, not many population-based regional or country-wide studies are published on the incidence of @entity86 and its risk factors. 2,216 @entity1 underwent tonsil surgery in 2012 in Thuringia, a federal state in Germany. Most frequent indications were @entity5389 (44  % of all cases), @entity5326 (27  %), and @entity1373 (20  %). 29  % of the @entity1 were <10  years of age. Most frequent methods of surgery were tonsillectomy (73  %) and tonsillotomy (19  %). 215 @entity1 (10  %) had 221 events of a @entity86 . Re-surgery for hemostasis was necessary in 137 @entity1 (6  %). The interval to re-surgery was 4.4      4.6  days. The re-surgery rate was 8, 0.2, and 15  % after tonsillectomy, tonsillotomy, and radical tonsillectomy, respectively. In cases of @entity5389 , male gender (p  <  0.001), age >24.78  years (median; (p  =  0.018), and waiving of perioperative antibiotics (p  =  0.029) were independent factors associated with @entity548 . In cases of @entity1373 tonsillectomy instead of tonsillotomy, the only significant risk factor was @entity86 (p  =  0.005). The overall incidence of tonsillar surgery was 87.6/100,000. The highest incidence was seen for @entity1 3-4  years of age with 862.7/100,000. In @entity1 <10  years, the incidence was always higher for @entity1 than for @entity1 . Throughout all age groups, a reverse gender relation was only seen, if surgery was indicated for @entity5389 . We recommend establishing national guidelines for indication of tonsil surgery, especially of tonsillectomy, including recommendations for perioperative care to decrease variations in tonsil surgery rates and minimize @entity260 .

title: Population-based analysis of tonsil surgery and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'boys', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['tonsillar hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity5389 :: ('MESH:D014069', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent tonsillitis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative hemorrhage', 'postoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5326 :: ('MESH:D014067', 'Disease') :: ['tonsillar abscess']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative hemorrhage']


abstract: The surgical correction of vertical malpositions of the @entity1 eye has been made relatively safe and reliable by recent surgical techniques. The authors define this condition as @entity2694 and review the etiology of this deformity in 38 recent consecutive cases that were surgically treated at the Craniofacial Anomalies Center of The University of Virginia. Some new and useful tests are described that are of value to the plastic surgeon in analysis of the @entity154 and in planning the appropriate surgical procedure to correct the vertical @entity10244 of one or both eyes. Several cases are illustrated that describe the principal surgical methods of moving the eye up or down without @entity1018 . The vertical eye shifts in this series have been in the range of 2 to 3 mm to over 22 mm. No @entity1018 was produced by these corrections. The most common difficulties and complications of @entity2694 corrections are described. The implications of this type of surgery in terms of visual physiology are suggested. The authors conclude that surgical @entity2694 is possible, safe, and rewarding to the @entity1 . However, they advise that the correction is best performed in young @entity1 and by a specially trained team of plastic surgeons, neurosurgeons, and ophthalmologists.

title: XXXX --surgical correction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['facial deformity']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['loss of vision']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['vertical orbital dystopia', 'correction of vertical orbital dystopias', 'orbital dystopia']

answer: @entity2694 :: (MESH:D009916,Disease) :: ['Vertical orbital dystopia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Domain loss following damage-control laparotomy is a challenging problem many surgeons face. The authors recently developed trans-abdominal wall traction, which closed 100 percent of domain loss abdomens in the acute setting. They hypothesized that it can be used successfully in @entity1 with @entity102 . METHODS: From 2008 to 2013, 44 @entity1 with acute loss of domain and 10 with chronically @entity4037 were enrolled in the open abdomen protocol with subsequent placement of the trans-abdominal wall traction device. RESULTS: @entity1 ' average age in the acute and chronic groups was 28.2 and 35.3 years and average body mass index was 26.4 and 32.4 kg/m2, respectively. @entity4037 size was reduced with the first trans-abdominal wall traction insertion from 610.5 cm2 to 274.6 cm2 in the acute setting and from 598 cm2 to 236.9 cm2 in the chronic setting. Average time from damage-control laparotomy to device insertion was 12.9 days in the acute group and more than 3 years in the chronic group. Lost domain was achieved with an average of less than 2.5 trans-abdominal wall traction tightenings, correlating to 9.2 and 8.2 days in the acute and chronic groups, respectively. Enterocutaneous fistula occurrence was 9 percent in the acute group and 0 percent in the chronic group. CONCLUSIONS: All @entity1 were successfully closed after reestablishment of the lost domain. Trans-abdominal wall traction is an effective means of reestablishing abdominal domain and achieving primary abdominal wall closure in all @entity1 with @entity4037 , both acute and chronic.

title: Trans-abdominal wall traction as a universal solution to the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['Ventral hernia', 'giant ventral defects']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic giant ventral defects']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['giant ventral hernias']


abstract: Backgrond/Aim: Recent evidence indicates that @entity32 is a hallmark of @entity5 . @entity5 -associated neutrophils (TANs) contribute to @entity5 invasion. However, whether TANs and @entity1600 are related is unknown. Intranodal lymphatic vessel density (LVD) is significantly correlated with @entity5 progression, @entity1600 in @entity356 . Herein, we investigated the effects of TANs in regional lymph nodes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the association of the density of TANs in regional lymph nodes with clinicopathological features by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we examined the prognostic value of TANs in lymph nodes. RESULTS: The number of TANs in regional lymph nodes was positively correlated with intranodal LVD and micrometastases. @entity1 with higher cluster of differentiation 15(+) TAN counts had significantly poorer prognosis than those with lower counts. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that TANs in regional lymph nodes promote the invasion of lymph nodes by @entity5 cells via augmentation of lymphangiogenesis and thereby contribute to @entity5 progression.

title: A positive correlation between neutrophils in regional lymph nodes and progression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['lymph node metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: AIM: This study was undertaken to examine the impact of radiation dose on pathological complete response (pCR) rates following neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (N-RCT) for @entity1544 ( @entity418 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: From 1988 to 2011, 218 @entity1 were treated with 30-30.6 Gy (1.8-2 Gy per fraction), 39.6-40 Gy (1.8-2 Gy per fraction) or 44-45 Gy (1.8-2 Gy per fraction) and concomitant cisplatin    5-fluorouracil ( @entity1487 ), @entity901 + @entity1487 or @entity1487 alone. The most commonly used concomitant chemotherapy was continuous infusion of @entity1487 -alone with a dose of 300 mg/m(2)/day during the whole course of treatment (n=111). To eliminate the dispersing effect of potentially different efficacy levels of these drug regimens on pCR, we excluded @entity1 with regimens other than @entity1487 -alone. RESULTS: Histomorphological regression grade 1a (0% @entity41 ), 1b (<10% @entity41 ), 2 (10-50% @entity41 ) and 3 (>50% @entity41 ) was observed in 26 (23%), 24 (22%), 36 (32%) and 25 (23%) @entity1 , respectively. pCR was observed in 9 out of 71 (13%) @entity1 treated with 30 Gy-30.6 Gy, 13 of 34 (38%) @entity1 treated with 39.6-40 Gy and 4 of 6 (67%) @entity1 treated with 44-45 Gy (p=0.001). Median follow-up time from the start of N-RCT was 191 months (range=2-262 months). The estimated 5-year @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was 33% for the whole cohort. @entity1349 at 5 years was 58% for @entity1 with pCR compared to 25% for @entity1 with less favorable response to N-RCT (p=0.009), respectively. CONCLUSION: The dose of radiation correlates significantly with the likelihood of achieving a pCR in stage II/III @entity1544 @entity1 . Prospective randomized trials are required to definitively evaluate the impact of application of higher radiation doses on efficacy and safety/tolerability in the context of N-RCT on the clinical outcomes.

title: Association between radiation dose and pathological complete response after preoperative radiochemotherapy in esophageal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1544 :: (MESH:D018307,Disease) :: ['squamous cell cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES:: To evaluate local control and survival in locally advanced @entity420 @entity1 who underwent a preoperative 2-week course of radiotherapy (RT) and to identify prognostic factors influencing the survival rate. METHODS:: We analyzed 377 consecutively treated @entity1 with locally advanced (T3/T4 or node positive) @entity420 . All @entity1 underwent a preoperative 2-week course of RT (30 Gy in 10 fractions) followed by curative surgery. @entity2357 model was used to examine prognostic factors for the disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) rates. The Statistical Analysis System software package, version 9.3, was used for analysis. RESULTS:: The median follow-up for all living @entity1 was 63.8 months (range, 5.1 to 131.7). The 5-year DFS and @entity1349 rates were 64.5% (95% CI, 59.0-69.4) and 75.6% (95% CI, 70.5-80.0), respectively. The 5-year cumulative incidences of local recurrence and distant metastases were 5.4% (95% CI, 2.9-7.9) and 29.0% (95% CI, 23.9-30.1), respectively. The pathologic complete response rate was achieved in 17 @entity1 (4.5%). The Multivariate Cox @entity2357 model showed that factors affecting DFS were the surgical technique, pre-RT pathologic grade, ypT, ypN, and comorbidity; and factors improving @entity1349 were low anterior resection, low pre-RT grade, low ypT, and low ypN. CONCLUSIONS:: @entity1 treated with preoperative RT with 30 Gy in 10 fractions had similar local control, 5-year DFS and @entity1349 to reported long course RT regimen. The surgical technique, pre-RT pathologic grade, ypT, and ypN seemed to affect the @entity1349 . Further study on combining a 2-week course of preoperative RT with concurrent chemotherapy would be warranted.

title: Two-week Course of Preoperative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced XXXX : 8 Years' Experience in a Single Institute.

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['rectal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['Regression']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['Rectal Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the structure-function relationship between disc margin-based rim area (DM-RA) obtained with confocal scanning laser tomography (CSLT), Bruch's membrane opening-based horizontal rim width (BMO-HRW), minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) obtained with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and @entity227 . METHODS: We examined 151 @entity726 @entity1 with CSLT, SD-OCT, and standard automated perimetry on the same day. Optic nerve head (ONH) and RNFL with SD-OCT were acquired relative to a fixed coordinate system (acquired image frame [AIF]) and to the eye-specific fovea-BMO center (FoBMO) axis. @entity227 were mapped to ONH and RNFL sectors with fixed Garway-Heath (VFGH) and @entity1 -specific (VFPS) maps customized for various biometric parameters. RESULTS: Globally and sectorally, the structure-function relationships between DM-RA and VFGH, BMO-HRWAIF and VFGH, and BMO-HRWFoBMO and VFPS were equally weak. The R(2) for the relationship between DM-RA and VFGH ranged from 0.1% (inferonasal) to 11% (superotemporal) whereas that between BMO-HRWAIF and VFGH ranged from 0.1% (nasal) to 10% (superotemporal). Relatively stronger global and sectoral structure-function relationships with BMO-MRWAIF and with BMO-MRWFoBMO were obtained. The R(2) between BMO-MRWAIF and VFGH ranged from 5% (nasal) to 30% (superotemporal), whereas that between BMO-MRWFoBMO and VFPS ranged from 5% (nasal) to 25% (inferotemporal). The structure-function relationship with RNFLT was not significantly different from that with BMO-MRW, regardless of image acquisition method. CONCLUSIONS: The structure-function relationship was enhanced with BMO-MRW compared with the other neuroretinal rim measurements, due mainly to its geometrically accurate properties.

title: Enhanced Structure-Function Relationship in XXXX With an Anatomically and Geometrically Accurate Neuroretinal Rim Measurement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field sensitivity', 'Visual field locations']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma']


abstract: Therapeutic options for @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ) remain limited. In a multicenter, Phase II study, 65 @entity1 with histologically confirmed @entity263 received a biomodulatory regimen during the six-month core study. Treatment comprised daily doses of @entity2213 , @entity12098 , @entity14296 , @entity21193 and @entity619 . The primary endpoint was @entity1486 response. Responders could enter an extension phase until disease progression or intolerable @entity137 occurred. Mean @entity1486 was 45.3  ng/mL at baseline, and 77  % of @entity1 had a @entity1486 doubling time <3  months. Of the 61 evaluable @entity1 , 37 @entity1 (60.6  %) responded or had stable disease and 23 of them (37.7  % of 61 @entity1 ) were @entity1486 responders. Among the 23 responders mean @entity1486 decreased from 278.9        784.1  ng/mL at baseline to 8.8        11.6  ng/mL at the final visit (week 24). The progression-free survival (PFS) was 467  days in the ITT population. Of the 947 adverse events, 57.6  % were suspected to be drug-related, 13.8  % led to dose adjustment or permanent discontinuation and 40.2  % required concomitant medication. This novel combination approach led to an impressive @entity1486 response rate of 37.7  % in @entity263 @entity1 . The good @entity1486 response and PFS rate combined with the manageable @entity137 profile suggest an alternative treatment option.

title: Biomodulatory Treatment of @entity1 with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Phase II Study of @entity2213 with @entity12098 , XXXX , @entity619 and Low-Dose @entity21193 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['castration-resistant prostate cancer', 'CRPC']

entities_list: @entity12098 :: ('MESH:C060836', 'Chemical') :: ['pioglitazone']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen (PSA)', 'PSA']

entities_list: @entity14296 :: ('MESH:C422649', 'Chemical') :: ['etoricoxib']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib mesylate']

entities_list: @entity21193 :: ('MESH:C018404', 'Chemical') :: ['treosulfan']

answer: @entity14296 :: (MESH:C422649,Chemical) :: ['Etoricoxib']


abstract: Therapeutic options for @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ) remain limited. In a multicenter, Phase II study, 65 @entity1 with histologically confirmed @entity263 received a biomodulatory regimen during the six-month core study. Treatment comprised daily doses of @entity2213 , @entity12098 , @entity14296 , @entity21193 and @entity619 . The primary endpoint was @entity1486 response. Responders could enter an extension phase until disease progression or intolerable @entity137 occurred. Mean @entity1486 was 45.3  ng/mL at baseline, and 77  % of @entity1 had a @entity1486 doubling time <3  months. Of the 61 evaluable @entity1 , 37 @entity1 (60.6  %) responded or had stable disease and 23 of them (37.7  % of 61 @entity1 ) were @entity1486 responders. Among the 23 responders mean @entity1486 decreased from 278.9        784.1  ng/mL at baseline to 8.8        11.6  ng/mL at the final visit (week 24). The progression-free survival (PFS) was 467  days in the ITT population. Of the 947 adverse events, 57.6  % were suspected to be drug-related, 13.8  % led to dose adjustment or permanent discontinuation and 40.2  % required concomitant medication. This novel combination approach led to an impressive @entity1486 response rate of 37.7  % in @entity263 @entity1 . The good @entity1486 response and PFS rate combined with the manageable @entity137 profile suggest an alternative treatment option.

title: Biomodulatory Treatment of @entity1 with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Phase II Study of @entity2213 with @entity12098 , @entity14296 , XXXX and Low-Dose @entity21193 .

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['Dexamethasone']


abstract: Therapeutic options for @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ) remain limited. In a multicenter, Phase II study, 65 @entity1 with histologically confirmed @entity263 received a biomodulatory regimen during the six-month core study. Treatment comprised daily doses of @entity2213 , @entity12098 , @entity14296 , @entity21193 and @entity619 . The primary endpoint was @entity1486 response. Responders could enter an extension phase until disease progression or intolerable @entity137 occurred. Mean @entity1486 was 45.3  ng/mL at baseline, and 77  % of @entity1 had a @entity1486 doubling time <3  months. Of the 61 evaluable @entity1 , 37 @entity1 (60.6  %) responded or had stable disease and 23 of them (37.7  % of 61 @entity1 ) were @entity1486 responders. Among the 23 responders mean @entity1486 decreased from 278.9        784.1  ng/mL at baseline to 8.8        11.6  ng/mL at the final visit (week 24). The progression-free survival (PFS) was 467  days in the ITT population. Of the 947 adverse events, 57.6  % were suspected to be drug-related, 13.8  % led to dose adjustment or permanent discontinuation and 40.2  % required concomitant medication. This novel combination approach led to an impressive @entity1486 response rate of 37.7  % in @entity263 @entity1 . The good @entity1486 response and PFS rate combined with the manageable @entity137 profile suggest an alternative treatment option.

title: Biomodulatory Treatment of @entity1 with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Phase II Study of @entity2213 with @entity12098 , @entity14296 , @entity619 and Low-Dose XXXX .

answer: @entity21193 :: (MESH:C018404,Chemical) :: ['Treosulfan']


abstract: Therapeutic options for @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ) remain limited. In a multicenter, Phase II study, 65 @entity1 with histologically confirmed @entity263 received a biomodulatory regimen during the six-month core study. Treatment comprised daily doses of @entity2213 , @entity12098 , @entity14296 , @entity21193 and @entity619 . The primary endpoint was @entity1486 response. Responders could enter an extension phase until disease progression or intolerable @entity137 occurred. Mean @entity1486 was 45.3  ng/mL at baseline, and 77  % of @entity1 had a @entity1486 doubling time <3  months. Of the 61 evaluable @entity1 , 37 @entity1 (60.6  %) responded or had stable disease and 23 of them (37.7  % of 61 @entity1 ) were @entity1486 responders. Among the 23 responders mean @entity1486 decreased from 278.9        784.1  ng/mL at baseline to 8.8        11.6  ng/mL at the final visit (week 24). The progression-free survival (PFS) was 467  days in the ITT population. Of the 947 adverse events, 57.6  % were suspected to be drug-related, 13.8  % led to dose adjustment or permanent discontinuation and 40.2  % required concomitant medication. This novel combination approach led to an impressive @entity1486 response rate of 37.7  % in @entity263 @entity1 . The good @entity1486 response and PFS rate combined with the manageable @entity137 profile suggest an alternative treatment option.

title: Biomodulatory Treatment of @entity1 with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Phase II Study of XXXX with @entity12098 , @entity14296 , @entity619 and Low-Dose @entity21193 .

answer: @entity2213 :: (MESH:C097613,Chemical) :: ['Imatinib']


abstract: Therapeutic options for @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ) remain limited. In a multicenter, Phase II study, 65 @entity1 with histologically confirmed @entity263 received a biomodulatory regimen during the six-month core study. Treatment comprised daily doses of @entity2213 , @entity12098 , @entity14296 , @entity21193 and @entity619 . The primary endpoint was @entity1486 response. Responders could enter an extension phase until disease progression or intolerable @entity137 occurred. Mean @entity1486 was 45.3  ng/mL at baseline, and 77  % of @entity1 had a @entity1486 doubling time <3  months. Of the 61 evaluable @entity1 , 37 @entity1 (60.6  %) responded or had stable disease and 23 of them (37.7  % of 61 @entity1 ) were @entity1486 responders. Among the 23 responders mean @entity1486 decreased from 278.9        784.1  ng/mL at baseline to 8.8        11.6  ng/mL at the final visit (week 24). The progression-free survival (PFS) was 467  days in the ITT population. Of the 947 adverse events, 57.6  % were suspected to be drug-related, 13.8  % led to dose adjustment or permanent discontinuation and 40.2  % required concomitant medication. This novel combination approach led to an impressive @entity1486 response rate of 37.7  % in @entity263 @entity1 . The good @entity1486 response and PFS rate combined with the manageable @entity137 profile suggest an alternative treatment option.

title: Biomodulatory Treatment of @entity1 with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Phase II Study of @entity2213 with XXXX , @entity14296 , @entity619 and Low-Dose @entity21193 .

answer: @entity12098 :: (MESH:C060836,Chemical) :: ['Pioglitazone']


abstract: Therapeutic options for @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ) remain limited. In a multicenter, Phase II study, 65 @entity1 with histologically confirmed @entity263 received a biomodulatory regimen during the six-month core study. Treatment comprised daily doses of @entity2213 , @entity12098 , @entity14296 , @entity21193 and @entity619 . The primary endpoint was @entity1486 response. Responders could enter an extension phase until disease progression or intolerable @entity137 occurred. Mean @entity1486 was 45.3  ng/mL at baseline, and 77  % of @entity1 had a @entity1486 doubling time <3  months. Of the 61 evaluable @entity1 , 37 @entity1 (60.6  %) responded or had stable disease and 23 of them (37.7  % of 61 @entity1 ) were @entity1486 responders. Among the 23 responders mean @entity1486 decreased from 278.9        784.1  ng/mL at baseline to 8.8        11.6  ng/mL at the final visit (week 24). The progression-free survival (PFS) was 467  days in the ITT population. Of the 947 adverse events, 57.6  % were suspected to be drug-related, 13.8  % led to dose adjustment or permanent discontinuation and 40.2  % required concomitant medication. This novel combination approach led to an impressive @entity1486 response rate of 37.7  % in @entity263 @entity1 . The good @entity1486 response and PFS rate combined with the manageable @entity137 profile suggest an alternative treatment option.

title: Biomodulatory Treatment of XXXX with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Phase II Study of @entity2213 with @entity12098 , @entity14296 , @entity619 and Low-Dose @entity21193 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of topical @entity205 ( @entity9472 ) 1% in the treatment of @entity102 ( @entity102 ). METHODS: Retrospective chart review from 2001 to 2012 identified 12 @entity1 (22 eyes) with @entity102 (mean  standard deviation [SD] age, 50.2  15.4 years; 75% female; 92% white) treated with @entity9472 . Main outcome measures included @entity32 grade, visual acuity, concurrent corticosteroid (CS) therapy, effect on CS taper, and adverse effects. RESULTS: Mean  SD follow-up time was 11.7  9.7 months. Mean  SD time from diagnosis to @entity9472 treatment initiation was 2.4  3.2 months. Mean  SD duration of @entity9472 treatment was 5.8  2.8 months. Four @entity1 (33%) complained of @entity146 (n=2), redness (n=1), itching (n=1), and burning (n=1) but none discontinued treatment. Concurrent CSs were tapered off in all @entity1 after a mean  SD of 5.0  2.5 weeks. Mean  SD initial vision was 0.078  0.093 logMAR, whereas vision at final examination was 0.056  0.081 logMAR (P=0.02). Mean  SD initial @entity32 grade of 1.9  1.0 was significantly reduced to final grade of 0.7  0.9 (P=0.0002). Mean  SD time to initial @entity32 control in 9 @entity1 (75%) was 33.2  24.5 days. Two @entity1 (17%) switched to oral @entity9472 because of lack of @entity32 control. CONCLUSIONS: Topical @entity9472 1% is an effective and well-tolerated therapy that @entity32 and tapered topical CS in @entity1 with @entity102 . The use of @entity9472 in such @entity1 warrants further investigation.

title: Topical XXXX 1% for the Treatment of @entity102 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['decreased chronic inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritation']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic follicular conjunctivitis', 'CFC']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine A']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['Cyclosporine A']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of topical @entity205 ( @entity9472 ) 1% in the treatment of @entity102 ( @entity102 ). METHODS: Retrospective chart review from 2001 to 2012 identified 12 @entity1 (22 eyes) with @entity102 (mean  standard deviation [SD] age, 50.2  15.4 years; 75% female; 92% white) treated with @entity9472 . Main outcome measures included @entity32 grade, visual acuity, concurrent corticosteroid (CS) therapy, effect on CS taper, and adverse effects. RESULTS: Mean  SD follow-up time was 11.7  9.7 months. Mean  SD time from diagnosis to @entity9472 treatment initiation was 2.4  3.2 months. Mean  SD duration of @entity9472 treatment was 5.8  2.8 months. Four @entity1 (33%) complained of @entity146 (n=2), redness (n=1), itching (n=1), and burning (n=1) but none discontinued treatment. Concurrent CSs were tapered off in all @entity1 after a mean  SD of 5.0  2.5 weeks. Mean  SD initial vision was 0.078  0.093 logMAR, whereas vision at final examination was 0.056  0.081 logMAR (P=0.02). Mean  SD initial @entity32 grade of 1.9  1.0 was significantly reduced to final grade of 0.7  0.9 (P=0.0002). Mean  SD time to initial @entity32 control in 9 @entity1 (75%) was 33.2  24.5 days. Two @entity1 (17%) switched to oral @entity9472 because of lack of @entity32 control. CONCLUSIONS: Topical @entity9472 1% is an effective and well-tolerated therapy that @entity32 and tapered topical CS in @entity1 with @entity102 . The use of @entity9472 in such @entity1 warrants further investigation.

title: Topical @entity205 1% for the Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['Chronic Follicular Conjunctivitis']


abstract: Objective: To provide information on the role of pharmacists in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) avoidance in high-risk @entity1 . Summary: Nonprescription analgesics such as @entity5018 and naproxen are widely used by Americans. These nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are available in large quantities in pharmacies and also in wholesale stores, gas stations, and convenience stores. In addition, more than 111 million @entity1 use prescription NSAIDs each year, including many older Americans. NSAIDs may seem innocuous, but they carry a significant risk of disrupting blood flow to the kidneys and thus precipitating @entity810 ( @entity810 ). Episodes of @entity810 can lead to costly hospitalizations and long-term consequences such as new-onset @entity740 ( @entity740 ) or more rapid progression of existing @entity740 . Most cases of NSAID-induced @entity810 can be avoided by recognizing high-risk @entity1 and counseling them on appropriate use of these medications. Community pharmacy-based NSAID counseling and education at the point of prescription dispensing or nonprescription purchase could complement and augment NSAID-induced @entity810 education provided by other members of the health care team to high-risk @entity1 . Conclusion: NSAID use is widespread and severely compromises effective renal perfusion in high-risk @entity1 . The community pharmacist can play a pivotal role in NSAID avoidance education to prevent potential episodes of @entity810 that have long-term consequences for @entity1 .

title: Keeping kidneys safe: The pharmacist's role in NSAID avoidance in high-risk XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Thirty consecutive cases of localized primary @entity1893 's @entity706 (PNHLB) were treated in a 10-year period at the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli with localized radiation (4 cases) and localized radiation and adjuvant chemotherapy (26 cases). The doses of radiation varied from 3000-4500 rad. A variety of staging procedures evolving with new diagnostic techniques over the 10 years were performed. Adjuvant chemotherapy comprised two different regimens of @entity1891 , @entity632 and @entity786 . Twenty-four of the 26 @entity1 (92%) have been free of disease with a median follow-up of 75.5 months (18-144 months). Two @entity1 developed meningeal involvement and one @entity1 , treated with radiation therapy only, developed a local recurrence. The results are compared to the management of 68 @entity2828 @entity1 treated during the same period. Here, higher doses of localized radiation therapy (approximately 5000 rad) and similar adjuvant chemotherapy were administered. The survival was 32% (22/68) with a higher incidence of local recurrence (21%). These data indicate that PNHLB should be considered a separate entity from @entity2828 and can be treated successfully with lower doses of radiation to the @entity5 and adjuvant chemotherapy. The observations are also compared to a variety of other biological characteristics of @entity2828 . Since only two @entity1 developed meningeal relapse, our experience does not permit a firm recommendation for routine prophylactic treatment of the central nervous system in PNHLB.

title: Staging, therapy and prognosis of primary @entity1893 's XXXX and a comparison of results with localized @entity2828 : ten years experience at the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma of bone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma of bone']


abstract: Thirty consecutive cases of localized primary @entity1893 's @entity706 (PNHLB) were treated in a 10-year period at the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli with localized radiation (4 cases) and localized radiation and adjuvant chemotherapy (26 cases). The doses of radiation varied from 3000-4500 rad. A variety of staging procedures evolving with new diagnostic techniques over the 10 years were performed. Adjuvant chemotherapy comprised two different regimens of @entity1891 , @entity632 and @entity786 . Twenty-four of the 26 @entity1 (92%) have been free of disease with a median follow-up of 75.5 months (18-144 months). Two @entity1 developed meningeal involvement and one @entity1 , treated with radiation therapy only, developed a local recurrence. The results are compared to the management of 68 @entity2828 @entity1 treated during the same period. Here, higher doses of localized radiation therapy (approximately 5000 rad) and similar adjuvant chemotherapy were administered. The survival was 32% (22/68) with a higher incidence of local recurrence (21%). These data indicate that PNHLB should be considered a separate entity from @entity2828 and can be treated successfully with lower doses of radiation to the @entity5 and adjuvant chemotherapy. The observations are also compared to a variety of other biological characteristics of @entity2828 . Since only two @entity1 developed meningeal relapse, our experience does not permit a firm recommendation for routine prophylactic treatment of the central nervous system in PNHLB.

title: Staging, therapy and prognosis of primary XXXX 's @entity706 and a comparison of results with localized @entity2828 : ten years experience at the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli.

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin']


abstract: Thirty consecutive cases of localized primary @entity1893 's @entity706 (PNHLB) were treated in a 10-year period at the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli with localized radiation (4 cases) and localized radiation and adjuvant chemotherapy (26 cases). The doses of radiation varied from 3000-4500 rad. A variety of staging procedures evolving with new diagnostic techniques over the 10 years were performed. Adjuvant chemotherapy comprised two different regimens of @entity1891 , @entity632 and @entity786 . Twenty-four of the 26 @entity1 (92%) have been free of disease with a median follow-up of 75.5 months (18-144 months). Two @entity1 developed meningeal involvement and one @entity1 , treated with radiation therapy only, developed a local recurrence. The results are compared to the management of 68 @entity2828 @entity1 treated during the same period. Here, higher doses of localized radiation therapy (approximately 5000 rad) and similar adjuvant chemotherapy were administered. The survival was 32% (22/68) with a higher incidence of local recurrence (21%). These data indicate that PNHLB should be considered a separate entity from @entity2828 and can be treated successfully with lower doses of radiation to the @entity5 and adjuvant chemotherapy. The observations are also compared to a variety of other biological characteristics of @entity2828 . Since only two @entity1 developed meningeal relapse, our experience does not permit a firm recommendation for routine prophylactic treatment of the central nervous system in PNHLB.

title: Staging, therapy and prognosis of primary @entity1893 's @entity706 and a comparison of results with localized XXXX : ten years experience at the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli.

answer: @entity2828 :: (MESH:D012512,Disease) :: ['Ewing's sarcoma']


abstract: Micromonospora is a Gram positive bacterium that can be isolated from @entity1568 fixing nodules from healthy leguminous plants, where they could be beneficial to the plant. Their plant growth promoting activity in legume and non-legume plants has been previously demonstrated. The present study explores the ability of Micromonospora strains to control fungal pathogens and to stimulate plant immunity. Micromonospora strains isolated from surface sterilized nodules of alfalfa showed in vitro antifungal activity against several pathogenic fungi. Moreover, root inoculation of @entity523 plants with these Micromonospora strains effectively reduced leaf infection by the fungal pathogen @entity14261 , despite spatial separation between both microorganisms. This induced systemic resistance, confirmed in different @entity523 cultivars, is long lasting. Gene expression analyses evidenced that Micromonospora stimulates the plant capacity to activate defense mechanisms upon pathogen attack. The defensive response of @entity523 plants inoculated with Micromonospora spp. differs from that of non-inoculated plants, showing a stronger induction of @entity7214 -regulated defenses when the plant is challenged with a pathogen. The hypothesis of jasmonates playing a key role in this defense priming effect was confirmed using defense-impaired @entity523 mutants, since the @entity942 was unable to display a long term induced resistance upon Micromonospora spp. inoculation. In conclusion, nodule isolated Micromonospora strains should be considered excellent candidates as biocontrol agents as they combine both direct antifungal activity against plant pathogens and the ability to prime plant immunity.

title: Induced systemic resistance against XXXX by Micromonospora strains isolated from root nodules.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity7214 :: ('MESH:C011006', 'Chemical') :: ['jasmonate']

entities_list: @entity14261 :: ('40559', 'Species') :: ['Botrytis cinerea']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['JA-deficient line def1']

answer: @entity14261 :: (40559,Species) :: ['Botrytis cinerea']


abstract: A procedure was developed for separating antigens associated with a saline extract of @entity8857 serotype 1. Seven antigens were identified by immunoelectrophoresis to be associated with the extract. The extract was subjected to preparative isoelectrofocusing in a pH range of 3-10. The majority of extracted proteins were found to have pI's of 4-6, whereas the @entity1735 antigen(s) were distributed over a pI range of 3.0-8.0. The fractions that were of interest were pooled and refocused in a narrower pH range to improve resolution of the protein antigens. Specific antigens from defined pH ranges were pooled to form 6 antigen groups. These antigen groups were examined further by immunoelectrophoresis, analytical isoelectrofocusing, and @entity214 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis. The molecular weights of the proteins found in the capsular extracts ranged from 33 k to greater than 80 k. Injection of @entity19 with capsular extract or antigen Groups 1-6 in Freund's incomplete adjuvant resulted in a serum antibody response to the various antigens as detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Significant protection (P less than 0.05) against challenge with virulent @entity8857 was seen in @entity19 injected with antigen Groups 2 and 4. Six @entity291 were immunized with saline extract. These @entity291 had greater resistance to experimental pneumonic @entity12196 than did 6 non-vaccinated calves. A serum antibody response to the crude extract and to each antigen group was detected in vaccinated @entity291 by an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay.

title: XXXX : purification of saline-extractable proteins by isoelectrofocusing.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity8857 :: ('75985', 'Species') :: ['Pasteurella haemolytica', 'P. haemolytica']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity12196 :: ('MESH:D010326', 'Disease') :: ['pasteurellosis']

entities_list: @entity214 :: ('CHEBI:8984', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulphate']

answer: @entity8857 :: (75985,Species) :: ['Pasteurella haemolytica']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) cause @entity1986 and are an underappreciated cause of @entity810 . We examined the risk of @entity810 and acute @entity1986 in a large population of older @entity1 receiving PPIs. METHODS: We conducted a population-based study involving Ontario residents aged 66 years and older who initiated PPI therapy between Apr. 1, 2002, and Nov. 30, 2011. We used propensity score matching to establish a highly comparable reference group of control @entity1 . The primary outcome was hospital admission with @entity810 within 120 days, and a secondary analysis examined acute @entity1986 . We used Cox proportional hazards regression to adjust for differences between groups. RESULTS: We studied 290  592 individuals who commenced PPI therapy and an equal number of matched controls. The rates of @entity810 (13.49 v. 5.46 per 1000 @entity1 -years, respectively; hazard ratio [HR] 2.52, 95% CI 2.27 to 2.79) and acute @entity1986 (0.32 vs. 0.11 per 1000 @entity1 -years; HR 3.00, 95% CI 1.47 to 6.14) were higher among @entity1 given PPIs than among controls. INTERPRETATION: In our study population of older adults, those who started PPI therapy had an increased risk of @entity810 and acute @entity1986 . These are potentially reversible conditions that may not be readily attributed to drug treatment. Clinicians should appreciate the risk of acute @entity1986 during treatment with PPIs, monitor @entity1 appropriately and discourage the indiscriminate use of these drugs.

title: Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of XXXX in older @entity1 : a population-based cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial nephritis']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute kidney injury']