abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of serum @entity414 (SUA) on @entity810 ( @entity810 ) in @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: Prospectively collected data from a previous study were analyzed to investigate the relationship between SUA and @entity810 as assessed by @entity15901 ( @entity15901 ), serum @entity1011 (SCr) and kinetic estimated glomerular filtration rate (KeGFR). RESULTS: @entity1 undergoing cardiovascular surgery (n = 37) were included. SUA was measured at postoperative 1 h. Statistically significant correlations were present between SUA and @entity15901 measured at postoperative 1 h (r = 0.39, p = 0.008), 6 h (r = 0.31, p = 0.029) and 24 h (r = 0.31, p < 0.001), respectively. Significant correlations were also noted between SUA and SCr measured on postoperative day 1 (r = 0.41, p = 0.006), day 2 (r = 0.29, p = 0.042) and day 3 (r = 0.42, p = 0.009). Negative correlations were demonstrated between SUA and day 1 (r = -0.44, p = 0.007), day 2 (r = -0.43, p = 0.007), day 3 (r = -0.44, p = 0.006 and day 4 KeGFR (r = -0.35, p = 0.035). The inverse relationship of SUA and KeGFR was also demonstrated with a different method (Jelliffe) of measurement. CONCLUSIONS: A reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can lead to a rise in SUA. However, in this study, we are able to show that SUA at 1 h (maximal dilution time) effectively predicts subsequent changes in urinary @entity15901 , SCr, KeGFR, and the development of @entity810 . Thus, these findings suggest that @entity414 precedes and predicts acute changes in renal function and cannot be ascribed to a simple relationship in which a reduced GFR raises SUA.

title: Effects of Serum @entity414 on Estimated GFR in Cardiac Surgery XXXX : A Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare visual field @entity989 in cases of @entity1713 ( @entity1713 ) treated with scleral buckle (SB) versus pars plana vitrectomy ( @entity2286 ) and C3F8 injection. METHODS: This was a prospective, comparative interventional study of 50 eyes with primary @entity1713 , treated with @entity2286 (25 eyes) or SB (25 eyes). All measurements took place at least 9 months following successful and uncomplicated surgical treatment. The @entity227 (TD) values for preoperative attached and detached areas were calculated and compared separately. The optic nerve head morphology was studied with Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT), and the RNFL using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: The preoperative detached areas demonstrated more affected TD values (in dB) compared to the preoperative attached areas (-6.9    5.2 vs. -4.3    3.3 for the SB group and -9.6    5.2 vs. -7.8    5.1 for the @entity2286 group; p = 0.001) in both groups. The preoperative attached areas of the SB group showed better TD values (calculated mean values) compared to the preoperative attached areas of the @entity2286 group (-4.3    3.3 vs. -7.8    5.1, p = 0.007). The RNFL and HRT values showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that the preoperative @entity11471 , despite successful reattachment, suffers permanent @entity16 as a result of the detachment, irrespective of the method of treatment. In the @entity2286 group, the postoperative functionality of the preoperative attached areas was detected to be worse compared to the postoperative functionality of the preoperative attached areas of the SB group. We postulate that this fact could be attributed to an additional traumatizing factor (possibly fluid-air exchange or gas injection) in @entity1 with @entity1713 treated with @entity2286 .

title: Scleral Buckling versus Vitrectomy for XXXX Repair: Comparison of Visual Fields and Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field total deviation']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['RRD', 'rhegmatogenous retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['loss and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects']

entities_list: @entity11471 :: ('MESH:C565633', 'Disease') :: ['detached retina']

answer: @entity1713 :: (MESH:D012163,Disease) :: ['Retinal Detachment']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1002 with preserved ejection fraction is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Population-based survey studied the associations between @entity67 in primary @entity101 and its association with lifestyle--as one of risk factors. Exercise prevents and prolongs the degenerative changes but whether leisure time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with similar effects is being studied here. METHODS: Total 301 @entity1 of age 30-60 year old with essential @entity101 were included in prospective observational study. @entity1 were classified according to their leisure time physical activity and subjected for echocardiography and color Doppler. RESULTS: Out of 301 @entity1 , 149 (49.66%) were sedentary during leisure time, out of which 114 (76.5%) were having @entity67 and 35 (23.5%) were normal, while 104 (34.66%) were having moderate physical activity in which 66 (63%) were normal. Twenty-nine (60%) of 48 vigorously active were found to be normal. By using Fisher's exact test p-value was < 0.05. CONCLUSION: In this study, a sedentary lifestyle is found to be associated with a rapid decline of ventricular compliance. Physical activity in any form has definite protective role in prevention of degenerative changes occurring inside the body.

title: @entity1002 in Primary XXXX and its Relation with Leisure Time Physical Activity.

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1002 with preserved ejection fraction is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Population-based survey studied the associations between @entity67 in primary @entity101 and its association with lifestyle--as one of risk factors. Exercise prevents and prolongs the degenerative changes but whether leisure time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with similar effects is being studied here. METHODS: Total 301 @entity1 of age 30-60 year old with essential @entity101 were included in prospective observational study. @entity1 were classified according to their leisure time physical activity and subjected for echocardiography and color Doppler. RESULTS: Out of 301 @entity1 , 149 (49.66%) were sedentary during leisure time, out of which 114 (76.5%) were having @entity67 and 35 (23.5%) were normal, while 104 (34.66%) were having moderate physical activity in which 66 (63%) were normal. Twenty-nine (60%) of 48 vigorously active were found to be normal. By using Fisher's exact test p-value was < 0.05. CONCLUSION: In this study, a sedentary lifestyle is found to be associated with a rapid decline of ventricular compliance. Physical activity in any form has definite protective role in prevention of degenerative changes occurring inside the body.

title: XXXX in Primary @entity101 and its Relation with Leisure Time Physical Activity.

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity356 is the third leading cause of @entity204 from @entity5 worldwide in both sexes, following lung and @entity0 . The incidence of @entity356 in Poland is approximately 5% in @entity1 and approximately 2.5% in @entity1 , among the complete incidence of @entity5 . Deaths from @entity356 in @entity1 in Poland in 2009 amounted to 6.6%, while in @entity1 --4.6%. The highest mortality rate in @entity1 is observed in the Lubuskie, Podkarpackie, Slaskie and Opolskie provinces. European average 5-year survival in the EUROCARE-4 study is 24.5%. AIM: The aim of this paper was to assess the treatment of @entity356 in the Department of General and Oncological Surgery of the Provincial Hospital in Zielona G  ra. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retrospective analysis of 109 @entity1 with @entity356 , operated in the years 2003-2007, was performed. The analysis included @entity1 scheduled for admission with the histopathological confirmation of @entity420 , prepared to and subjected to laparotomy. The post-operative intrahospital deaths were estimated up to 30 days after surgery. The analysis of the survival rates was performed up to 1, 6, 12, 36 and 60 months since lapatoromy. All the continuous variables with the standard distribution were expressed as the mean    standard deviation, while the total survival rates were assessed by means of the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: 55 @entity1 (50.5%) underwent the radical surgical procedure intended to cure them. The remaining 54 @entity1 (49.5%) could not be qualified for the radical surgical procedures. In 35 cases (32%) underwent laparotomy with biopsy, in 19 cases (17%) palliative surgery (intestinal bypass, gastrostomy, palliative resection). Out of 55 @entity1 underwent the radical surgical procedure 9 @entity1 died after the procedure (16.4%). The survival rates calculated for all the @entity1 revealed that 21.1% @entity1 survived 5 years after the surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Almost a half of the @entity1 (49.5%) who were admitted for treatment had an advanced stage of the disease that could not be qualified for the radical surgical procedures. The distant results of surgical treatment are non-satisfactory due to the fact that the disease was so advanced. 5-year-long survival rates (21.1% in our data) are higher that the ones listed in the EUROCARE-4 test for Poland (14.4%), but lower than the European average (24.5%).

title: [The results of treatment of XXXX in the Provincial Hospital in Zielona G  ra].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: Plasma @entity11938 responses to intragastric (i.g.) (1.5 g/kg b.wt.) and "isoglycemic" intravenous (i.v.) @entity413 were measured in ten unanesthetized young @entity1707 to assess the contribution of gastrointestinal factors to the total @entity11938 secretion as observed after i.g. @entity413 . The participation of nerves was estimated by comparing metabolic tests performed before and after total surgical pancreatic denervation. In the five animals which survived the procedure, 52.6% of the @entity11938 response after i.g. @entity413 was calculated to be due to incretion factors, a value similar to the 54.8% found in the preoperative series (with intact pancreatic innervation). The response of IR- @entity72659 to i.g. @entity413 was not significantly different between preoperative and postoperative tests, although a subtotal duodenectomy had to be performed in the course of the operation designed to completely denervate the pancreas. Intragastric and i.v. (also tested by bolus @entity413 injection) @entity413 tolerance was almost identical before and after the operation. It was concluded that nerves do not seem to play a major role in mediating the incretin effect in @entity1707 . Hormonal factors, including @entity72659 , appear to be more important.

title: Preserved incretin effect after complete surgical denervation of the pancreas in young XXXX .

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Obesity can be associated with increased complications and potentially worse outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact of @entity28 on complications and outcomes in @entity1 with @entity85 ( @entity85 ) who underwent minimally invasive surgery (MIS). METHODS: Multicenter database of @entity1 with @entity85 treated via MIS was queried. Of 190 @entity1 in the database, 77 fit the inclusion criteria of 3 or more spinal levels treated minimally invasively. @entity1 were divided by body mass index (BMI) < 30 ( @entity28 ; n = 59), and BMI >=  30 ( @entity28 ; n = 18). RESULTS: Mean BMI was 24.6 @entity28 , and 35.0 @entity28 (p < 0.001). There were mean 3.8 interbody fusions @entity28 (p = 0.065). Levels treated posteriorly averaged 5.8 @entity28 , and 5.9 @entity28 (p = 0.502). Mean follow-up was 34.4 months @entity28 , and 35.3 months @entity28 (p = 0.976). Baseline radiographic parameters were similar between groups. Postoperatively, SVA averaged 83.9 mm @entity28 and 20.4 mm @entity28 (p = 0.002). @entity86 -pelvic incidence mismatch averaged 17.9   @entity28 and 9.9   @entity28 (p = 0.028). Both groups had improvement in ODI scores with no difference in postoperative ODI scores between groups (p = 0.090). Similarly, both groups had @entity615 with no difference between groups postoperatively. Twenty (33.9%) @entity28 @entity1 versus 7 (38.9%) @entity28 @entity1 had complications (p = 0.452). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that @entity28 does not negatively impact complication rate or clinical outcomes in @entity1 with @entity85 treated via MIS approaches.

title: Comparison of Complications and Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Between Non-Obese and Obese @entity1 With Adult XXXX Undergoing Minimally Invasive Surgery.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['non-obese, and 4.7 obese', 'non-obese', 'obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['decreased VAS scores for back and leg pain']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['adult spinal deformity', 'ASD']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['Spinal Deformity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Obesity can be associated with increased complications and potentially worse outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact of @entity28 on complications and outcomes in @entity1 with @entity85 ( @entity85 ) who underwent minimally invasive surgery (MIS). METHODS: Multicenter database of @entity1 with @entity85 treated via MIS was queried. Of 190 @entity1 in the database, 77 fit the inclusion criteria of 3 or more spinal levels treated minimally invasively. @entity1 were divided by body mass index (BMI) < 30 ( @entity28 ; n = 59), and BMI >=  30 ( @entity28 ; n = 18). RESULTS: Mean BMI was 24.6 @entity28 , and 35.0 @entity28 (p < 0.001). There were mean 3.8 interbody fusions @entity28 (p = 0.065). Levels treated posteriorly averaged 5.8 @entity28 , and 5.9 @entity28 (p = 0.502). Mean follow-up was 34.4 months @entity28 , and 35.3 months @entity28 (p = 0.976). Baseline radiographic parameters were similar between groups. Postoperatively, SVA averaged 83.9 mm @entity28 and 20.4 mm @entity28 (p = 0.002). @entity86 -pelvic incidence mismatch averaged 17.9   @entity28 and 9.9   @entity28 (p = 0.028). Both groups had improvement in ODI scores with no difference in postoperative ODI scores between groups (p = 0.090). Similarly, both groups had @entity615 with no difference between groups postoperatively. Twenty (33.9%) @entity28 @entity1 versus 7 (38.9%) @entity28 @entity1 had complications (p = 0.452). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that @entity28 does not negatively impact complication rate or clinical outcomes in @entity1 with @entity85 treated via MIS approaches.

title: Comparison of Complications and Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Between Non-Obese and Obese XXXX With Adult @entity85 Undergoing Minimally Invasive Surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity174 ( @entity174 ) in the very elderly are associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The best treatment strategy (conservative vs. surgery) is still unclear. METHODS: Between April 2008 and April 2014 fifty (17 male / 33 female) @entity1 (mean age 87.2    4.4 years; range: 80-99) were included in this retrospective cohort study. All @entity1 underwent posterior fusion surgery for @entity174 . Early outcome, morbidity and mortality, length of hospital and ICU stay, comorbidities and perioperative complications were assessed. RESULTS: The mean age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was 5.8    3.9 (range: 0-13), the mean ASA score 3    0.5 (range: 2-4). Surgery was delayed in 48% of @entity1 : In 30% because of preoperative complications (72.4% severe) of which one leading cause was @entity1282 with subsequent @entity55 ; 18% required preoperative assessment or improvement of health status. Surgery-related complications were experienced in 14% with no @entity531 . Postoperative medical complications had 52% of @entity1 (67.3% severe). Major complications were mostly respiratory/pulmonary (66.7%) of @entity86 (36.4%) was leading. Twenty-four percent of @entity1 were ICU monitored. Mean length of ICU stay was 9    6.6 days (1-20). Mean length of hospital stay was 15    8.6 days (4-56). There was no in-hospital mortality and 30-day mortality was 6%. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior fusion for @entity174 in @entity1 80 years or older seems to be a feasible treatment option in these high risk @entity1 . Despite a high incidence of severe comorbidities and perioperative complications outcome was satisfactory. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective cohort study; Level III.

title: Early Morbidity and Mortality in 50 Very Elderly after Posterior Atlantoaxial Fusion for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Traumatic odontoid fractures', 'tOF']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['which postoperative pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular lesion']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Odontoid Fractures']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate mid-term patency of iliac vein following endovascular treatment for @entity1228 ( @entity1228 ) with or without @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors' institutional review board approved the study. Two hundred and thirty-three consecutive @entity1 with @entity1228 were treated with endovascular treatment and followed up. The therapeutic strategies and complications were recorded. Cumulative patency was assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves. Independent predictors of in-stent obstruction were calculated with the Cox regression model. RESULTS: Endovascular treatment was technically successful in 225 of the 233 @entity1 (96.6%). All of 225 @entity1 were treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent placement. No severe procedure-related complications occurred. The cumulative 1-, 3- and 5-year primary patency rates over a median follow-up time of 34 months (range, 0.3-82 months) were 93.2%, 84.3% and 74.5%, respectively. Independent predictors for in-stent obstruction included use of multiple stents and irregular stocking wearing. The cumulative 1-, 3-, 5-year secondary patency rates were 100%, 93.3% and 92%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular treatment could achieve favorable mid-term patency in @entity1 with @entity1228 with or without @entity1150 .

title: Endovascular treatment for XXXX with or without lower extremity @entity1150 : A retrospective study on mid-term in-stent patency from a single center.

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1228 :: ('MESH:D062108', 'Disease') :: ['IVCS', 'iliac vein compression syndrome']

answer: @entity1228 :: (MESH:D062108,Disease) :: ['iliac vein compression syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate mid-term patency of iliac vein following endovascular treatment for @entity1228 ( @entity1228 ) with or without @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors' institutional review board approved the study. Two hundred and thirty-three consecutive @entity1 with @entity1228 were treated with endovascular treatment and followed up. The therapeutic strategies and complications were recorded. Cumulative patency was assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves. Independent predictors of in-stent obstruction were calculated with the Cox regression model. RESULTS: Endovascular treatment was technically successful in 225 of the 233 @entity1 (96.6%). All of 225 @entity1 were treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent placement. No severe procedure-related complications occurred. The cumulative 1-, 3- and 5-year primary patency rates over a median follow-up time of 34 months (range, 0.3-82 months) were 93.2%, 84.3% and 74.5%, respectively. Independent predictors for in-stent obstruction included use of multiple stents and irregular stocking wearing. The cumulative 1-, 3-, 5-year secondary patency rates were 100%, 93.3% and 92%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular treatment could achieve favorable mid-term patency in @entity1 with @entity1228 with or without @entity1150 .

title: Endovascular treatment for @entity1228 with or without lower extremity XXXX : A retrospective study on mid-term in-stent patency from a single center.

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['deep vein thrombosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Left cardiac chambers dilation, interstitial lung changes and @entity1143 are the characteristics of @entity4 on computed tomography (CT) of the chest but mensuration of the left atrial size is not routinely performed. Cardiac chambers normal dimensions are known to be proportional to the @entity1 's build and anthropomorphic data but adjustment of chambers dimensions to available elements seen on the axial CT images has never been evaluated before. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to use data easily available on axial images to directly scale the left atrium. We chose to divide the left atrial diameter by the thoracic vertebral diameter, using the latter as a body-mass indicator. As a preliminary study, we aimed to evaluate the range of values of this left atrio-vertebral ratio (LAVR) by comparing @entity1 suffering from @entity4 with @entity1 free of @entity299 . We hypothesized that if the difference of values in these two populations of @entity1 was significant enough, this ratio would be relevant and could be used as a quick criterion in different clinical situations. METHOD: Two radiologists reviewed CT scans of 32 of @entity1 free of @entity299 and 40 @entity1 in @entity712 . The maximum diameter of the left atrium at the level of the right inferior pulmonary vein was divided by the vertebral transverse diameter to generate a left atrio-vertebral ratio. Receiver operating characteristic curves identified the threshold associated with @entity4 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The mean LAVR was 1.85  0.27 in asymptomatic @entity1 and 2.48  0.35 in @entity1 with @entity4 . A LAVR of 2.1 yielded 85% sensitivity and 88% specificity for the diagnosis of @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: LAVR is a simple new measure directly scaling the left atrial diameter to the anthropomorphic characteristics of the @entity1 . In our series, a ratio above 2.1 is strongly associated with @entity4 indirectly suggesting left @entity384 . The results were significantly different between the two populations of @entity1 (no heart condition versus @entity4 ) suggesting a high potential for clinical application.

title: Left atrio-vertebral ratio: A new computed-tomography measurement to identify left XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['acute cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic pulmonary oedema', 'pulmonary oedema']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['atrial dilation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['atrial dilation']


abstract: @entity3399 was compared with @entity7048 and a control group to determine the efficacy and value of a third generation @entity5898 in abdominal hysterectomy antibiotic prophylaxis. One hundred @entity1 were prospectively randomized in a double-blind manner between @entity3399 and @entity7048 . An additional 50 @entity1 who were either allergic to @entity114 or refused participation in this study were simultaneously observed to establish a base line level of @entity281 on our service during this time period. Dosage for both antibiotic groups was 1 gram given intravenously or intramuscularly on call to the operating room followed by two 1 gram doses at six and 12 hours after the first dose. Standard febrile morbidity was 36, 30 and 42 per cent for @entity3399 , @entity7048 and control groups, respectively. Postoperative surgical @entity281 requiring antibiotic treatment occurred in 8, 6 and 4 per cent, respectively; urinary tract @entity281 or symptomatic findings, or both, requiring treatment occurred in 8, 10 and 10 per cent, respectively. No pelvic abscesses occurred in this series. In every statistical evaluation of postoperative morbidity, there were no differences noted among the three groups. Our results suggest no benefit from the use of prophylactic antibiotics in abdominal hysterectomy in terms of standard febrile or infectious morbidity or urinary tract pathologic findings. In addition, there was no difference between the two antibiotic groups.

title: Controlled, comparative study of @entity3399 and XXXX for prophylaxis of abdominal hysterectomy.

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['cefazolin']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity5898 :: ('CHEBI:23066', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3399 :: ('MESH:D009070', 'Chemical') :: ['Moxalactam', 'moxalactam']

answer: @entity7048 :: (MESH:D002437,Chemical) :: ['cefazolin']


abstract: @entity3399 was compared with @entity7048 and a control group to determine the efficacy and value of a third generation @entity5898 in abdominal hysterectomy antibiotic prophylaxis. One hundred @entity1 were prospectively randomized in a double-blind manner between @entity3399 and @entity7048 . An additional 50 @entity1 who were either allergic to @entity114 or refused participation in this study were simultaneously observed to establish a base line level of @entity281 on our service during this time period. Dosage for both antibiotic groups was 1 gram given intravenously or intramuscularly on call to the operating room followed by two 1 gram doses at six and 12 hours after the first dose. Standard febrile morbidity was 36, 30 and 42 per cent for @entity3399 , @entity7048 and control groups, respectively. Postoperative surgical @entity281 requiring antibiotic treatment occurred in 8, 6 and 4 per cent, respectively; urinary tract @entity281 or symptomatic findings, or both, requiring treatment occurred in 8, 10 and 10 per cent, respectively. No pelvic abscesses occurred in this series. In every statistical evaluation of postoperative morbidity, there were no differences noted among the three groups. Our results suggest no benefit from the use of prophylactic antibiotics in abdominal hysterectomy in terms of standard febrile or infectious morbidity or urinary tract pathologic findings. In addition, there was no difference between the two antibiotic groups.

title: Controlled, comparative study of XXXX and @entity7048 for prophylaxis of abdominal hysterectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity3399 :: (MESH:D009070,Chemical) :: ['moxalactam']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity43 is very rare in pregnancy. It is mainly of epithelial origin, low grade and low malignant potential. CASE REPORT: We presented a @entity1 in which ultrasound confirmed the presence of clearly limited @entity5 in the left ovary when she was eight weeks pregnant. The results of 4D Color Doppler showed a central type of @entity5 vascularisation with resistance index (IR) less than 0.5. The Consultancy Board in Gynecology of the Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia decided to remove the @entity1 's left adnexa and intensively monitor the pregnancy period. The operation (Adnexectomia lateralis sinistra) was performed at 18th week of gestation. Histopathological analysis showed @entity420 invasivum, endometroid well-differentiated type (histological grade I, nuclear grade 2). In 37th week of gestation, the @entity1 gave birth to a male @entity1 by cesarean section. In the next 3 years the @entity1 had no subjective interference, laboratory tests and ultrasonographic findings were normal. CONCLUSION: @entity43 in pregnancy is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed during routine clinical and ultrasound examination. The color Doppler technique have particular importance in the diagnosis of pathological blood supply in @entity5 and in indication of malignant ovarian mass.

title: XXXX in pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian endometroid adenocarcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To improve @entity3147 awareness and management in our department of general internal medicine; to assess @entity1 ' nutritional risk; and to evaluate whether an online educational program leads to an increase in basic knowledge and more frequent nutritional therapies. METHODS: A prospective pre-post intervention study at a university department of general internal medicine was conducted. Nutritional screening using Nutritional Risk Score 2002 (NRS 2002) was performed, and prescriptions of nutritional therapies were assessed. The intervention included an online learning program and a pocket card for all residents, who had to fill in a multiple-choice questions (MCQ) test about basic nutritional knowledge before and after the intervention. RESULTS: A total of 342 @entity1 were included in the preintervention phase, and 300 were in the postintervention phase. In the preintervention phase, 54.1% were at nutritional risk (NRS 2002  >= 3) compared with 61.7% in the postintervention phase. There was no increase in the prescription of nutritional therapies (18.7% versus 17.0%). Forty-nine and 41 residents (response rate 58% and 48%) filled in the MCQ test before and after the intervention, respectively. The mean percentage of correct answers was 55.6% and 59.43%, respectively (which was not significant). Fifty of 84 residents completed the online program. The residents who participated in the whole program scored higher on the second MCQ test (63% versus 55% correct answers, P  =  0.031). CONCLUSIONS: Despite a high ratio of malnourished @entity1 , the nutritional intervention, as assessed by nutritional prescriptions, is insufficient. However, the simple educational program via Internet and usage of NRS 2002 pocket cards did not improve either @entity3147 awareness or nutritional treatment. More sophisticated educational systems to fight @entity3147 are necessary.

title: Simple training tool is insufficient for appropriate diagnosis and  treatment of XXXX : A pre-post intervention study in  a  tertiary center.

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity3147 :: (MESH:D044342,Disease) :: ['malnutrition']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of an educational intervention in reducing   fear-avoidance   (FA) and   @entity158 catastrophising   (CAT) in a population with @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ), attending physiotherapy in Primary Health Care. A pragmatic quasi-experimental study was conducted in Health Centres of a Costa del Sol Health District. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental study. SETTING: Primary Health Care physiotherapy Back Schools in Health Centres of a Costa del Sol Health District. @entity1 : The selection criteria were: @entity1643 ; 18-65years; understanding of the Spanish language; absence of parallel educational interventions; absence of red flags; not showing @entity73 or @entity239 ; absence of thoracic-lumbar surgery, and exercise tolerance. INTERVENTIONS: The control group received the usual Back Schools program. The experimental group also received a written document for home reading, plus the subsequent sharing, clarifying doubts, and beliefs and goals restructuring during the development of the sessions. Both interventions lasted about 280minutes (7 sessions*40min). RESULTS: The main variables included FA and CAT. @entity158 and disability were also assessed. Some   @entity74   variables were considered in the analysis. Statistically significant differences were observed in the experimental group versus control, in the variation of FA -14 (-25.5; 0) vs -4 (-13; 0) (P=.009), and CAT -9 (-18; -4) vs -4,5 (-8.25; 0) (P=.000), were observed. Also differences in disability (P=.046), but not in @entity158 (P=.280). CONCLUSIONS: These results should be considered in light of possible limits imposed by the study. Its pragmatic nature would allow a potential transfer to usual care.

title: [Non-randomised trial of an educational intervention based on cognitive-behavioural principles for @entity1 with XXXX attended in Primary Care Physiotherapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['unspecific chronic low back pain', 'UCLBP']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['demographic   and   related disorder']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['chronic low back pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of an educational intervention in reducing   fear-avoidance   (FA) and   @entity158 catastrophising   (CAT) in a population with @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ), attending physiotherapy in Primary Health Care. A pragmatic quasi-experimental study was conducted in Health Centres of a Costa del Sol Health District. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental study. SETTING: Primary Health Care physiotherapy Back Schools in Health Centres of a Costa del Sol Health District. @entity1 : The selection criteria were: @entity1643 ; 18-65years; understanding of the Spanish language; absence of parallel educational interventions; absence of red flags; not showing @entity73 or @entity239 ; absence of thoracic-lumbar surgery, and exercise tolerance. INTERVENTIONS: The control group received the usual Back Schools program. The experimental group also received a written document for home reading, plus the subsequent sharing, clarifying doubts, and beliefs and goals restructuring during the development of the sessions. Both interventions lasted about 280minutes (7 sessions*40min). RESULTS: The main variables included FA and CAT. @entity158 and disability were also assessed. Some   @entity74   variables were considered in the analysis. Statistically significant differences were observed in the experimental group versus control, in the variation of FA -14 (-25.5; 0) vs -4 (-13; 0) (P=.009), and CAT -9 (-18; -4) vs -4,5 (-8.25; 0) (P=.000), were observed. Also differences in disability (P=.046), but not in @entity158 (P=.280). CONCLUSIONS: These results should be considered in light of possible limits imposed by the study. Its pragmatic nature would allow a potential transfer to usual care.

title: [Non-randomised trial of an educational intervention based on cognitive-behavioural principles for XXXX with @entity1643 attended in Primary Care Physiotherapy].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The authors characterized the cognitive, adaptive, and behavioral sequelae of @entity433 and @entity302 in a 7.5-year-old @entity1 . Little is known about the early neurobehavioral presentation of @entity433 . Clinical features consistent with this @entity74 include underdeveloped @entity3455 and nails of the fifth fingers, extended @entity308 , and @entity2122 . MRI findings often reveal @entity15261 . The authors conducted a neuropsychological evaluation and obtained parental ratings of behavioral and adaptive functioning. Attentional abilities were limited. As assessed by the Mullen Scales of Early Learning, receptive language abilities (age equivalent [AE]: 3-3) were relatively stronger than expressive skills (AE: 1-4). Adaptive functioning was low across all domains (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Composite AE: 1-9). On the Behavior Assessment for @entity1 (BASC-2), social @entity409 , stereotyped and self-stimulatory behaviors, restricted interests, ritualistic play, and inappropriate object usage were noted. No significant @entity1316 were endorsed. Study findings indicate a diffuse pattern of @entity4934 in a @entity1 with @entity433 and @entity302 . Further clinical assessment and research should include multidimensional assessment techniques, including evaluation of adaptive behavior, in an effort to capture the full range developmental sequelae in @entity1 with @entity433 .

title: Cognitive and behavioral functioning in @entity433 and XXXX : a case presentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2122 :: ('MESH:D019465', 'Disease') :: ['craniofacial abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['infranasal depression']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['skills dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4934 :: ('MESH:D019954', 'Disease') :: ['neurobehavioral deficits']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disturbances']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic anomaly']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity15261 :: ('MESH:D002145', 'Disease') :: ['callosal agenesis']

entities_list: @entity433 :: ('MESH:C536436', 'Disease') :: ['CS', 'Coffin-Siris (CS) syndrome']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: The authors characterized the cognitive, adaptive, and behavioral sequelae of @entity433 and @entity302 in a 7.5-year-old @entity1 . Little is known about the early neurobehavioral presentation of @entity433 . Clinical features consistent with this @entity74 include underdeveloped @entity3455 and nails of the fifth fingers, extended @entity308 , and @entity2122 . MRI findings often reveal @entity15261 . The authors conducted a neuropsychological evaluation and obtained parental ratings of behavioral and adaptive functioning. Attentional abilities were limited. As assessed by the Mullen Scales of Early Learning, receptive language abilities (age equivalent [AE]: 3-3) were relatively stronger than expressive skills (AE: 1-4). Adaptive functioning was low across all domains (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Composite AE: 1-9). On the Behavior Assessment for @entity1 (BASC-2), social @entity409 , stereotyped and self-stimulatory behaviors, restricted interests, ritualistic play, and inappropriate object usage were noted. No significant @entity1316 were endorsed. Study findings indicate a diffuse pattern of @entity4934 in a @entity1 with @entity433 and @entity302 . Further clinical assessment and research should include multidimensional assessment techniques, including evaluation of adaptive behavior, in an effort to capture the full range developmental sequelae in @entity1 with @entity433 .

title: Cognitive and behavioral functioning in XXXX and @entity302 : a case presentation.

answer: @entity433 :: (MESH:C536436,Disease) :: ['Coffin-Siris syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Globally, @entity66 are the second leading cause of @entity204 among @entity1 under 5  years old. Few case-control studies on the aetiology of @entity294 have been conducted in China. A case-control study on 922 @entity1 under 5  years old who presented with @entity294 and individually matched controls was conducted in China between May 2011 and January 2013. Quantitative PCR was used to analyze stool samples for 10 diarrhoeal pathogens. Potential enteric pathogens were detected in 377 (81.8%) of 461 @entity1 with @entity294 and 215 controls (46.6%, p  <0.001). Rotavirus, norovirus GII, @entity6835 and adenovirus were qualitatively associated with @entity294 . Using receiver operating characteristic curves, the optimal cutoff threshold for defining a symptomatic individual was 72, 5840, and 10(4) copies per reaction for rotavirus (odds ratio 259), norovirus GII (odds ratio 10.6) and @entity6835 (odds ratio 5.1). The attributable fractions were 0.18 for rotavirus, 0.08 for norovirus GII, 0.01 for @entity6835 and 0.04 for adenovirus. Coinfections between pathogens were common. Two pairs, rotavirus and adenovirus, and norovirus GII and Salmonella were positively associated. The co-occurrence of rotavirus and sapovirus, astrovirus, enterotoxigenic @entity526 or @entity5363 only occurred in @entity1 with disease. Coinfection was not correlated with clinical symptoms. Quantitative data are critical. Our results indicate that increased pathogen loads increase the OR between @entity294 and rotavirus, norovirus GII and @entity6835 . Coinfections with rotavirus and norovirus GII are common and occur in a nonrandom distribution. Despite testing for ten diarrhoeal pathogens, over two-thirds of cases do not have a recognized attributable cause.

title: Aetiology of XXXX and evaluation of viral-bacterial coinfection in @entity1 under 5  years old in China: a matched case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoeal diseases']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity5363 :: ('197', 'Species') :: ['Campylobacter jejuni']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['diarrhoeal disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Globally, @entity66 are the second leading cause of @entity204 among @entity1 under 5  years old. Few case-control studies on the aetiology of @entity294 have been conducted in China. A case-control study on 922 @entity1 under 5  years old who presented with @entity294 and individually matched controls was conducted in China between May 2011 and January 2013. Quantitative PCR was used to analyze stool samples for 10 diarrhoeal pathogens. Potential enteric pathogens were detected in 377 (81.8%) of 461 @entity1 with @entity294 and 215 controls (46.6%, p  <0.001). Rotavirus, norovirus GII, @entity6835 and adenovirus were qualitatively associated with @entity294 . Using receiver operating characteristic curves, the optimal cutoff threshold for defining a symptomatic individual was 72, 5840, and 10(4) copies per reaction for rotavirus (odds ratio 259), norovirus GII (odds ratio 10.6) and @entity6835 (odds ratio 5.1). The attributable fractions were 0.18 for rotavirus, 0.08 for norovirus GII, 0.01 for @entity6835 and 0.04 for adenovirus. Coinfections between pathogens were common. Two pairs, rotavirus and adenovirus, and norovirus GII and Salmonella were positively associated. The co-occurrence of rotavirus and sapovirus, astrovirus, enterotoxigenic @entity526 or @entity5363 only occurred in @entity1 with disease. Coinfection was not correlated with clinical symptoms. Quantitative data are critical. Our results indicate that increased pathogen loads increase the OR between @entity294 and rotavirus, norovirus GII and @entity6835 . Coinfections with rotavirus and norovirus GII are common and occur in a nonrandom distribution. Despite testing for ten diarrhoeal pathogens, over two-thirds of cases do not have a recognized attributable cause.

title: Aetiology of @entity66 and evaluation of viral-bacterial coinfection in XXXX under 5  years old in China: a matched case-control study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity244 is a rare cause of adult-onset @entity465 associated with @entity704 . @entity244 should be considered in @entity1 older than 40 years with the history of frequent @entity281 . An abnormal immunoglobulin profile needs further investigation and flow cytometry which is crucial for establishing the diagno- sis of @entity244 . CASE REPORT: We present a 56- year-old @entity1 with @entity244 diagnosed after a two-year history of recurrent @entity281 . Examination of immune status of the @entity1 showed decreased serum levels of all immunoglobulins. Flow cytometry of peripheral blood lym-phocyte revealed markedly reduced peripheral B cells, @entity404 T-cell @entity2905 , inverted @entity404 / @entity405 T-cell-ratio 0.37 ( @entity404 --20.82%, @entity405 --70.7%). Analysis of the subpopulations of T-lymphocytes showed relative increasing y   T cell receptor (TCR) T lymphocytes. Computed tomography scan of the chest showed a mediastinal mass compatible with @entity704 of the diameter of 40 mm. After initiation of intravenous immunoglobulins the @entity1 was in the good clinical condition and without bacterial complications. As the @entity1 refused the operative treatment we continued to control the @entity5 mass which did not increase during a 3-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: The presented @entity1 had a typical immunological finding for @entity244 , but also the increase in y   TCR T-lymphocyte subpopulation for which it is difficult to determine whether this is pathogenetic or secondary reactive event.

title: XXXX with increasing y   T-lymphocyte subpopulation: A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinal tumor']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Good's syndrome"]

answer: @entity244 :: (MESH:D014899,Disease) :: ['Good's syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity1316 is a complex challenge. Antipsychotic medications in these individuals may be associated with @entity21 ( @entity21 ), worsening of @entity308 , and functional impairment. Atypical antipsychotics such as @entity1089 and @entity1090 are associated with a decreased incidence of adverse events such as @entity21 . The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of @entity1089 and @entity1090 for the treatment of @entity308 in outpatients with @entity716 . METHOD: In this 4-month, multicenter, open-label trial, @entity1 were randomly assigned in a 3:1 ratio of @entity1089 to @entity1090 , and both drugs were flexibly dosed. Eligible @entity1 had @entity914 and demonstrated 1 of several DSM-IV diagnoses, including @entity914 , @entity162 , major @entity308 , @entity4750 , @entity195 , @entity914 , @entity1294 , and substance abuse @entity303 . @entity1 were classified as mood disordered if they had @entity162 , major @entity308 , or @entity914 . Efficacy was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Clinical Global Impressions scale. The Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity308 (HAM-D) was used to assess the level of @entity308 . The primary tolerability assessment was presence or absence of substantial @entity21 , defined as @entity21 severe enough to require an alteration in treatment. RESULTS: A total of 554 @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity1089 and 175 to @entity1090 . Mean doses at 16 weeks were 318 mg for @entity1089 and 4.4 mg for @entity1090 . Although both agents produced improvements in mean HAM-D scores, @entity1089 produced a greater improvement than @entity1090 in all @entity1 (p =.0015). Within the mood-diagnosed population, incidences of both substantial @entity21 (p =.001) and at least moderate @entity21 (p =.0373) occurred significantly less frequently among @entity1 taking @entity1089 . For @entity1 with non-mood diagnoses, incidences of substantial @entity21 were fewer for @entity1 taking @entity1089 than for those taking @entity1090 (p =.062); however, this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity1089 may be a useful agent in the management of @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity716 .

title: Efficacy of @entity1089 and @entity1090 against XXXX in outpatients with @entity716 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar I disorder', 'bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive disorder', 'depression', 'depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity4750 :: ('MESH:D012563', 'Disease') :: ['delusional disorder']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1294 :: ('MESH:D015140', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dementia']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychoses', 'schizoaffective disorder', 'schizophreniform disorder']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptoms', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's dementia"]

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['extrapyramidal symptoms', 'EPS']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive symptoms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity1316 is a complex challenge. Antipsychotic medications in these individuals may be associated with @entity21 ( @entity21 ), worsening of @entity308 , and functional impairment. Atypical antipsychotics such as @entity1089 and @entity1090 are associated with a decreased incidence of adverse events such as @entity21 . The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of @entity1089 and @entity1090 for the treatment of @entity308 in outpatients with @entity716 . METHOD: In this 4-month, multicenter, open-label trial, @entity1 were randomly assigned in a 3:1 ratio of @entity1089 to @entity1090 , and both drugs were flexibly dosed. Eligible @entity1 had @entity914 and demonstrated 1 of several DSM-IV diagnoses, including @entity914 , @entity162 , major @entity308 , @entity4750 , @entity195 , @entity914 , @entity1294 , and substance abuse @entity303 . @entity1 were classified as mood disordered if they had @entity162 , major @entity308 , or @entity914 . Efficacy was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Clinical Global Impressions scale. The Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity308 (HAM-D) was used to assess the level of @entity308 . The primary tolerability assessment was presence or absence of substantial @entity21 , defined as @entity21 severe enough to require an alteration in treatment. RESULTS: A total of 554 @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity1089 and 175 to @entity1090 . Mean doses at 16 weeks were 318 mg for @entity1089 and 4.4 mg for @entity1090 . Although both agents produced improvements in mean HAM-D scores, @entity1089 produced a greater improvement than @entity1090 in all @entity1 (p =.0015). Within the mood-diagnosed population, incidences of both substantial @entity21 (p =.001) and at least moderate @entity21 (p =.0373) occurred significantly less frequently among @entity1 taking @entity1089 . For @entity1 with non-mood diagnoses, incidences of substantial @entity21 were fewer for @entity1 taking @entity1089 than for those taking @entity1090 (p =.062); however, this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity1089 may be a useful agent in the management of @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity716 .

title: Efficacy of @entity1089 and @entity1090 against @entity308 in outpatients with XXXX .

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity1316 is a complex challenge. Antipsychotic medications in these individuals may be associated with @entity21 ( @entity21 ), worsening of @entity308 , and functional impairment. Atypical antipsychotics such as @entity1089 and @entity1090 are associated with a decreased incidence of adverse events such as @entity21 . The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of @entity1089 and @entity1090 for the treatment of @entity308 in outpatients with @entity716 . METHOD: In this 4-month, multicenter, open-label trial, @entity1 were randomly assigned in a 3:1 ratio of @entity1089 to @entity1090 , and both drugs were flexibly dosed. Eligible @entity1 had @entity914 and demonstrated 1 of several DSM-IV diagnoses, including @entity914 , @entity162 , major @entity308 , @entity4750 , @entity195 , @entity914 , @entity1294 , and substance abuse @entity303 . @entity1 were classified as mood disordered if they had @entity162 , major @entity308 , or @entity914 . Efficacy was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Clinical Global Impressions scale. The Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity308 (HAM-D) was used to assess the level of @entity308 . The primary tolerability assessment was presence or absence of substantial @entity21 , defined as @entity21 severe enough to require an alteration in treatment. RESULTS: A total of 554 @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity1089 and 175 to @entity1090 . Mean doses at 16 weeks were 318 mg for @entity1089 and 4.4 mg for @entity1090 . Although both agents produced improvements in mean HAM-D scores, @entity1089 produced a greater improvement than @entity1090 in all @entity1 (p =.0015). Within the mood-diagnosed population, incidences of both substantial @entity21 (p =.001) and at least moderate @entity21 (p =.0373) occurred significantly less frequently among @entity1 taking @entity1089 . For @entity1 with non-mood diagnoses, incidences of substantial @entity21 were fewer for @entity1 taking @entity1089 than for those taking @entity1090 (p =.062); however, this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity1089 may be a useful agent in the management of @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity716 .

title: Efficacy of @entity1089 and XXXX against @entity308 in outpatients with @entity716 .

answer: @entity1090 :: (MESH:D018967,Chemical) :: ['risperidone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity1316 is a complex challenge. Antipsychotic medications in these individuals may be associated with @entity21 ( @entity21 ), worsening of @entity308 , and functional impairment. Atypical antipsychotics such as @entity1089 and @entity1090 are associated with a decreased incidence of adverse events such as @entity21 . The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of @entity1089 and @entity1090 for the treatment of @entity308 in outpatients with @entity716 . METHOD: In this 4-month, multicenter, open-label trial, @entity1 were randomly assigned in a 3:1 ratio of @entity1089 to @entity1090 , and both drugs were flexibly dosed. Eligible @entity1 had @entity914 and demonstrated 1 of several DSM-IV diagnoses, including @entity914 , @entity162 , major @entity308 , @entity4750 , @entity195 , @entity914 , @entity1294 , and substance abuse @entity303 . @entity1 were classified as mood disordered if they had @entity162 , major @entity308 , or @entity914 . Efficacy was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Clinical Global Impressions scale. The Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity308 (HAM-D) was used to assess the level of @entity308 . The primary tolerability assessment was presence or absence of substantial @entity21 , defined as @entity21 severe enough to require an alteration in treatment. RESULTS: A total of 554 @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity1089 and 175 to @entity1090 . Mean doses at 16 weeks were 318 mg for @entity1089 and 4.4 mg for @entity1090 . Although both agents produced improvements in mean HAM-D scores, @entity1089 produced a greater improvement than @entity1090 in all @entity1 (p =.0015). Within the mood-diagnosed population, incidences of both substantial @entity21 (p =.001) and at least moderate @entity21 (p =.0373) occurred significantly less frequently among @entity1 taking @entity1089 . For @entity1 with non-mood diagnoses, incidences of substantial @entity21 were fewer for @entity1 taking @entity1089 than for those taking @entity1090 (p =.062); however, this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity1089 may be a useful agent in the management of @entity308 in @entity1 with @entity716 .

title: Efficacy of XXXX and @entity1090 against @entity308 in outpatients with @entity716 .

answer: @entity1089 :: (MESH:C069541,Chemical) :: ['quetiapine']


abstract: After an infection, cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors proliferate and become effector cells by recognizing foreign peptides in the groove of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules expressed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Professional APCs specialized for T-cell activation acquire viral antigen either by becoming infected themselves (direct presentation) or by phagocytosis of infected cells, followed by transfer of antigen to the cytosol, processing and MHC class I loading in a process referred to as cross-presentation. An alternative way, referred to as 'cross-dressing', by which an uninfected @entity1412 could present antigen was postulated to be by the transfer of preformed peptide-MHC complexes from the surface of an infected cell to the @entity1412 without the need of further processing. Here we show that this mechanism exists and boosts the antiviral response of @entity19 memory CD8(+) T cells. A number of publications have demonstrated sharing of peptide-loaded MHC molecules in vitro. Our in vitro experiments demonstrate that cross-dressing APCs do not acquire peptide-MHC complexes in the form of exosomes released by donor cells. Rather, the APCs and donor cells have to contact each other for the transfer to occur. After a @entity1800 , we could isolate cross-dressed APCs able to present viral antigen in vitro. Furthermore, using the diphtheria toxin system to selectively eliminate APCs that could only acquire viral peptide-MHC complexes by cross-dressing, we show that such presentation can promote the expansion of resting memory T cells. Notably, naive T cells were excluded from taking part in the response. @entity7586 is a mechanism of antigen presentation used by dendritic cells that may have a significant role in activating previously primed CD8(+) T cells.

title: Cross-dressed dendritic cells drive memory CD8+ T-cell activation after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

entities_list: @entity7586 :: ('MESH:D063926', 'Disease') :: ['Cross-dressing']

answer: @entity1800 :: (MESH:D014777,Disease) :: ['viral infection']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Document major complications following treatment of @entity2909 (UAE). DESIGN: Two case reports. SETTING: University medical center. @entity1 : Two @entity1 with symptomatic fibroid uteri. INTERVENTION(S): Selective bilateral uterine artery embolization. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Complications attributable to UAE. RESULT(S): Two @entity1 experienced significant morbidity requiring hysterectomy due to @entity281 and/or @entity1744 resulting from UAE. CONCLUSION(S): Reports of the management of symptoms related to @entity2909 with UAE infrequently include adverse outcomes and/or complications. The two cases we managed reinforce that UAE is not free of the risk of life-threatening complications that require emergency hysterectomy. Increasing surveillance for complications may help define the selection criteria that decrease the risks of UAE.

title: Serious complications of uterine artery embolization for conservative treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['partial bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['fibroids', 'fibroids by uterine artery embolization']

answer: @entity2909 :: (MESH:D007889,Disease) :: ['fibroids']


abstract: @entity4021 ( @entity4021 ) has a long history in @entity3595 Lanka and was found to be endemic in various parts of the country and constitutes a constant threat to farmers. In @entity3595 Lanka, currently there is no regular, nationwide vaccination programme devised to control @entity4021 . Therefore, improving farmers' knowledge regarding distinguishing @entity4021 from other diseases and ensuring prompt reporting of any suspicion of @entity4021 as well as restricting movement of animals are critical activities for an effective @entity4021 response effort. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between farmers' knowledge levels and their behaviors to establish a strategy to control @entity4021 . In our study, item count technique was applied to estimate the number of farmers that under-report and sell @entity4021 -infected animals, although to do so is prohibited by law. The following findings were observed: about 63% of farmers have very poor knowledge of routes of @entity4021 transmission; 'under-reporting' was found to be a sensitive behavior and nearly 23% of the farmers were reluctant to report @entity4021 -infected animals; and 'selling @entity4021 -infected animals' is a sensitive behavior among high-level knowledge group while it is a non-sensitive behavior among the low-level knowledge group. If farmers would understand the importance of prompt reporting, they may report any suspected cases of @entity4021 to veterinary officials. However, even if farmers report honestly, they do not want to cull @entity4021 -infected animals. Thus, education programs should be conducted not only on @entity4021 introduction and transmission, but also its impact. Furthermore, consumers may criticize the farmers for culling their infected animals. Hence, not only farmers, but also consumers need to be educated on the economic impact of @entity4021 and the importance of controlling an outbreak. If farmers have a high knowledge of @entity4021 transmission, they consider selling @entity4021 -infected animals as a sensitive behavior. Therefore, severe punishment should be levied for selling @entity4021 -infected animals.

title: Is Hiding Foot and Mouth Disease Sensitive Behavior for Farmers? A Survey Study in XXXX Lanka.

entities_list: @entity4021 :: ('MESH:D005536', 'Disease') :: ['Foot and mouth disease', 'FMD']

answer: @entity3595 :: (6717,Gene) :: ['Sri']


abstract: Whereas urine cytology has proved to be of considerable diagnostic value for nonpapillary @entity189 , @entity189 in situ, and high-grade urothelial @entity5 , controversy has arisen over the accuracy of cytology in the diagnosis of @entity703 . To establish the reliability of urine cytology as a detection technique, 436 urine specimens from 59 @entity1 with histologically proven @entity1358 were examined. Malignant cells in urinary sediment were found in 121 (27.75%) specimens from 31 (52.54%) @entity1 . Seven of 20 (35%) @entity1 with Stage I @entity5 showed neoplastic cells in 16 (16.5%) of 97 urinary samples. Positive cytologic features were found in 36.9% of 84 urinary specimens from 7 (50%) of 14 @entity1 with @entity5 smaller than 5 cm. Using only imaging methods, the @entity703 was diagnosed in 58 (98.3%) cases. Urine cytology is, therefore, of little value in the diagnostic evaluation of known renal masses and in the detection of early-stage disease. In the current series there was not a single case with positive cytologic findings in which radiology did not reveal the @entity5 . The cytologic examination of the urinary sediment is unreliable in the diagnosis of radiologically unresolved cases of @entity703 . In 15 @entity1 (44%) who had @entity5 cells in the urine the @entity5 had not invaded the renal pelvis. In 36% of @entity1 with negative urine cytologic findings the renal pelvis was involved by @entity1358 . In the current study the desquamation of neoplastic cells in the urinary stream did not depend on @entity5 invasion of the renal pelvis. Based on the assumption that the primary objective of a screening procedure is to achieve an adequate sensitivity for early detection of disease, the results led the authors to conclude that the use of urine cytology as a possible screening test of @entity1358 is futile. Factors in the current study that diminished the practical value of cytologic examination of urinary sediment included the large number of specimens without malignant cells and the insensitivity of the procedure in diagnosing early @entity1358 of limited extent. Although this is the largest series reported, the number of cases considered was limited and further detailed studies are mandatory to definitively clarify the value of urine cytology in detecting @entity1358 .

title: Urine cytology in the detection of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal neoplasms', 'renal neoplasm']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal adenocarcinoma']


abstract: Color vision was examined by psychophysical tests and photopic color full-field electroretinography (ERG) in formerly preterm @entity1 , and compared with those of full-term @entity1 . In a prospective case-control study, 25 @entity1 with a history of @entity600 7-14 years of age were divided into three groups: group I, laser-treated @entity989 [ @entity989 ] (n = 7); group II, spontaneously regressed @entity989 (n = 8); group III, no @entity989 (n = 10). Age-matched full-term born @entity1 comprised the control group (n = 8). Color vision was assessed by Fansworth D15 and Lanthony desaturated D15 tests. The cone function was tested using photopic full-field ERG. Besides the ISCEV standard stimuli, blue light on amber background was also used (S-cone ERG). The correlation between ERG parameters and @entity3465 or @entity989 was determined. We found no significant differences between any @entity1 group and the control group in the results of the psychophysical tests, and implicit times of the ERG responses. The ERG b-wave amplitudes were significantly lower in group I (laser-treated @entity989 ) compared to controls, for 2 of 4 stimulus conditions i.e. the standard (P = 0.028) and S-cone (P = 0.017) single flash ERGs. The general estimating equation model statistics found a significant effect of @entity3465 on the b-wave amplitudes (P = 0.025, standard, P = 0.014, S-cone ERG). A slightly reduced photopic ERG b-wave amplitude may be associated with @entity3465 .

title: Cone function in @entity1 with a history of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['prematurity']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy of prematurity', 'ROP']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['preterm birth']


abstract: Color vision was examined by psychophysical tests and photopic color full-field electroretinography (ERG) in formerly preterm @entity1 , and compared with those of full-term @entity1 . In a prospective case-control study, 25 @entity1 with a history of @entity600 7-14 years of age were divided into three groups: group I, laser-treated @entity989 [ @entity989 ] (n = 7); group II, spontaneously regressed @entity989 (n = 8); group III, no @entity989 (n = 10). Age-matched full-term born @entity1 comprised the control group (n = 8). Color vision was assessed by Fansworth D15 and Lanthony desaturated D15 tests. The cone function was tested using photopic full-field ERG. Besides the ISCEV standard stimuli, blue light on amber background was also used (S-cone ERG). The correlation between ERG parameters and @entity3465 or @entity989 was determined. We found no significant differences between any @entity1 group and the control group in the results of the psychophysical tests, and implicit times of the ERG responses. The ERG b-wave amplitudes were significantly lower in group I (laser-treated @entity989 ) compared to controls, for 2 of 4 stimulus conditions i.e. the standard (P = 0.028) and S-cone (P = 0.017) single flash ERGs. The general estimating equation model statistics found a significant effect of @entity3465 on the b-wave amplitudes (P = 0.025, standard, P = 0.014, S-cone ERG). A slightly reduced photopic ERG b-wave amplitude may be associated with @entity3465 .

title: Cone function in XXXX with a history of @entity600 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress underlies age-related formation of @entity231 , and that antioxidants retard cataractogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate whether @entity13983 , a natural @entity3978 with antioxidant properties, prevents alterations in the lenticular protein profile in an experimental model of @entity11822 @entity231 . METHODS: Alterations in lenticular protein were determined by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and image analysis. Eluted aA-crystallin spots were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Western blot analysis was also performed to confirm the differential expression of certain crystallins and cytoskeletal proteins. RESULTS: In @entity231 lenses, 2DE and image analysis revealed approximately 45 and 60 prominent spots in soluble and insoluble protein fractions respectively. Analysis of the pI and molecular weight of protein spots revealed differences in the expression of crystallin proteins in soluble and insoluble fractions. Western blot analysis confirmed changes in the expression of aA- and bB1- crystallins in both soluble and insoluble protein fractions, while mass spectrometry confirmed the degradation of aA-crystallin in @entity11822 @entity231 lenses. Western blot analysis also confirmed the occurrence of altered expression of certain cytoskeletal proteins in insoluble fractions. However, the lenticular protein profile in lenses from @entity11822 -challenged, @entity13983 -treated @entity35 was essentially similar to that noted in lenses from normal @entity35 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms the importance of structural and cytoskeletal proteins in the maintenance of lenticular transparency; the results also suggest that @entity13983 prevents lenticular protein alterations induced by @entity11822 in an experimental setting.

title: Alterations in the lenticular protein profile in experimental XXXX -induced cataractogenesis and prevention by @entity13983 .

entities_list: @entity3978 :: ('CHEBI:26195', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenol']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataractous', 'cataract']

entities_list: @entity13983 :: ('MESH:D004610', 'Chemical') :: ['ellagic acid']

answer: @entity11822 :: (MESH:D018038,Chemical) :: ['selenite']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress underlies age-related formation of @entity231 , and that antioxidants retard cataractogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate whether @entity13983 , a natural @entity3978 with antioxidant properties, prevents alterations in the lenticular protein profile in an experimental model of @entity11822 @entity231 . METHODS: Alterations in lenticular protein were determined by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and image analysis. Eluted aA-crystallin spots were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Western blot analysis was also performed to confirm the differential expression of certain crystallins and cytoskeletal proteins. RESULTS: In @entity231 lenses, 2DE and image analysis revealed approximately 45 and 60 prominent spots in soluble and insoluble protein fractions respectively. Analysis of the pI and molecular weight of protein spots revealed differences in the expression of crystallin proteins in soluble and insoluble fractions. Western blot analysis confirmed changes in the expression of aA- and bB1- crystallins in both soluble and insoluble protein fractions, while mass spectrometry confirmed the degradation of aA-crystallin in @entity11822 @entity231 lenses. Western blot analysis also confirmed the occurrence of altered expression of certain cytoskeletal proteins in insoluble fractions. However, the lenticular protein profile in lenses from @entity11822 -challenged, @entity13983 -treated @entity35 was essentially similar to that noted in lenses from normal @entity35 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms the importance of structural and cytoskeletal proteins in the maintenance of lenticular transparency; the results also suggest that @entity13983 prevents lenticular protein alterations induced by @entity11822 in an experimental setting.

title: Alterations in the lenticular protein profile in experimental @entity11822 -induced cataractogenesis and prevention by XXXX .

answer: @entity13983 :: (MESH:D004610,Chemical) :: ['ellagic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for @entity5 is coming out of age with recent publications highlighting its safety, feasibility, sound oncological outcomes, and improved quality of life. Nevertheless, laparoscopic proctectomy remains a challenging procedure. An embedded didactic video demonstrates a step-by-step laparoscopic total mesorectal excision with coloanal @entity254 for a @entity5 . METHODS: A five-trocar technique is shown. The key steps demonstrated are: high division of the inferior mesenteric artery, medial-to-lateral mobilization of the descending colon, high division of the inferior mesenteric vein, take-down of the splenic flexure, total mesorectal excision with division of the rectum at the pelvic floor, and side-to-end coloanal @entity254 . Principles of a good @entity254 and potential pitfalls are described, including protection of the ureter and pelvic autonomic nerves. RESULTS: A series of ten consecutive @entity1 operated for @entity5 with total mesorectal excision is reported. Median (range) operative time and estimated @entity190 were 274 (135-360) minutes and 25 (10-50) ml. Median @entity5 height from the anal verge was 7 (4-10) cm. Reconstruction included three @entity2418 and seven side-to-end @entity254 . Nine anastomoses were performed by using a double-stapled technique. One @entity1 with an intersphincteric dissection required a handsewn @entity254 . A diverting ileostomy protected all coloanal @entity254 . Median length of stay was 3 (range, 2-7) days. One of ten @entity1 was readmitted for a @entity1744 . The embedded video demonstrates a total mesorectal excision down to the pelvic floor in a @entity1 who had a T2 @entity5 6 cm from the anal verge with prior open cholecystectomy and hysterectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision is a safe and effective procedure. @entity1 selection and advanced laparoscopic skills are paramount. It is hoped that this didactic video will contribute to a wider and safer practice of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for @entity5 .

title: Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'low rectal cancer', 'cancer', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2418 :: ('MESH:D004062', 'Disease') :: ['coloanal J-pouch']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['low rectal cancer']


abstract: When inhaled, @entity3878 is a highly irritating gas that can damage larger airways as well as distal lung structure. We examined the short-term respiratory effects of acute @entity3878 inhalation during a swimming pool accident. On October 22, 1998, an emission of @entity3878 vapours occurred in the chlorinating maintenance procedures room of a recreational center in Rome. A total of 282 subjects (134 @entity1 ) inhaled @entity5836 and @entity8830 . Most @entity1 received bronchodilators and @entity821 at the emergency room; five @entity1 were hospitalised. A telephone follow-up was taken on 260 (92.2%) subjects to obtain information about duration of exposure (less than 3 minutes, 3-5 minutes, more than 5 minutes), intensity of exposure (not at all/a little, a fair amount, a lot), and acute @entity1576 . A total of 236 (90.7% of the target) individuals underwent clinical examinations, which took place 15-30 days after the accident. Lung function was measured in 184 @entity1 (82 @entity1 ) after 15-30 days. A multiple linear regression was run to test the association between @entity3878 exposure and lung function, separately in adults and in @entity1 . Acute @entity1576 occurred among 66.7% adults and 71.6% @entity1 . The incidence rates were highest among those who had chronic @entity1576 and had a longer duration of exposure. In about 30% of the subjects, @entity1576 persisted 15-30 days after the accident. Lung function levels were reduced among those who reported high intensity of exposure in comparison to those who reported low exposure, both in @entity1 and in adults (forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1, ml differences: -109 (CI 95%: -310, 93) and -275 (CI 95%: -510, -40). Given high prevalence of potential exposed @entity1 , findings from this study should alert public health authority about the possible clinical consequences.

title: [Respiratory effects of exposure to XXXX vapors during a swimming pool accident in a recreational center in Rome].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity821 :: ('MESH:D003348', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisone']

entities_list: @entity5836 :: ('MESH:D006851', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen chloride']

entities_list: @entity3878 :: ('MESH:D002713', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorine']

entities_list: @entity8830 :: ('MESH:D012973', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hypochlorite']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory symptoms', 'respiratory disease']

answer: @entity3878 :: (MESH:D002713,Chemical) :: ['chlorine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: State-of-the-art experiments for studying neural processes underlying visual cognition often constrain sensory inputs (e.g., static images) and our behavior (e.g., fixed @entity735 ), isolating or simplifying the interaction of neural processes. Motivated by the non-stationarity of our natural visual environment, we investigated the electroencephalography (EEG) correlates of visual recognition while @entity1 overtly performed @entity227 in non-stationary scenes. We hypothesized that visual effects (such as those typically used in @entity1 -computer interfaces) may increase temporal uncertainty (with reference to fixation onset) of cognition-related EEG activity in an active search task and therefore require novel techniques for single-trial detection. APPROACH: We addressed fixation-related EEG activity in an active search task with respect to stimulus-appearance styles and dynamics. Alongside popping-up stimuli, our experimental study embraces two composite appearance styles based on fading-in, enlarging, and motion effects. Additionally, we explored whether the knowledge obtained in the pop-up experimental setting can be exploited to boost the EEG-based intention-decoding performance when facing transitional changes of visual content. MAIN RESULTS: The results confirmed our initial hypothesis that the dynamic of visual content can increase temporal uncertainty of the cognition-related EEG activity in active search with respect to fixation onset. This temporal uncertainty challenges the pivotal aim to keep the decoding performance constant irrespective of visual effects. Importantly, the proposed approach for EEG decoding based on knowledge transfer between the different experimental settings gave a promising performance. SIGNIFICANCE: Our study demonstrates that the non-stationarity of visual scenes is an important factor in the evolution of cognitive processes, as well as in the dynamic of ocular behavior (i.e., dwell time and fixation duration) in an active search task. In addition, our method to improve single-trial detection performance in this adverse scenario is an important step in making brain-computer interfacing technology available for @entity1 -computer interaction applications.

title: Active XXXX in non-stationary scenes: coping with temporal variability and uncertainty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'human']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['eye-gaze, long eye fixations']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual search']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['visual search']


abstract: Intracoronary streptokinase (SK) therapy increases vessel patency rate after @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and thus may lead to a greater exercise-induced @entity741 . This hypothesis was tested in 39 @entity1 enrolled in an angiographically randomized trial of intracoronary SK (19 treated with SK and 20 control subjects); all @entity1 underwent thallium-201 scintigraphy at rest before acute angiography, as well as at rest and during stress 5 to 6 weeks after @entity583 . The @entity1 were classified into 2 groups based on the presence (n = 13) or absence (n = 26) of @entity37706 at the end of the acute angiography. Semiquantitative score of myocardial thallium uptake was expressed as percent of maximal defect score. Thallium defect score at rest between admission and 5 to 6 weeks' study decreased from 10 +/- 16% units in the control group and from 23 +/- 14% units in the SK group (p = 0.01). This decrease was related to opening of the @entity1188 (opening 23 +/- 16% vs occlusion 5 +/- 10%). The change in exercise-induced defect score was significantly (p = 0.01) larger in @entity1 in the SK group (11 +/- 6% units) than in those in the control group (5 +/- 7% units). The perfusion defect during exercise was larger (p = 0.006) in @entity1 with @entity3885 (10 +/- 6% units) than in @entity1 with @entity3885 (3 +/- 7%). This difference was independent of the number of diseased coronary vessels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of intracoronary thrombolytic therapy on exercise-induced ischemia after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity37706 :: ('MESH:C564258', 'Disease') :: ['complete obstruction of the infarct-related coronary artery']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['complete obstruction', 'incomplete obstruction or reperfusion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Benefits and/or harms (including costs) of non- @entity2067 oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus @entity1229 therapy need appreciation in relative and absolute terms. METHODS: Accordingly, we derived clinically relevant relative and absolute benefit/harm parameters for NOACs ( @entity5424 , @entity3926 , @entity3925 , @entity14242 ) compared to @entity1229 from four clinical trials involving @entity955 ( @entity955 ) @entity1 . For each trial, we tabulated @entity1 numbers enduring four important outcomes and calculated unadjusted relative risk reduction (RRR) and number needed to treat (NNT)/year values (and 95% confidence intervals) for the NAOC compared to @entity1229 . These outcomes were @entity64 (primary-endpoint), @entity548 , major @entity548 , and @entity204 . We also addressed drug acquisition costs. RESULTS: Each NOAC was non-inferior to @entity1229 for primary-outcome prevention; RRRs were 12-33% and NNT/year values were 182-481, and all but one indicated statistically significant superiority. All the NOACs yielded statistically significant reductions in @entity548 risk; RRRs were 42-74% and NNT/year values were 364-528. Major @entity548 risk was comparable in both groups. @entity5424 yielded a lower NNT/year for preventing @entity204 than for primary-outcome prevention. Compared to @entity1229 , NOAC acquisition costs were 70-140 fold greater. CONCLUSIONS: For the primary-outcome, the absolute benefits of NOACs were modest (NNT/year values being large). Reduced @entity548 rates with NOACs could be due to superior @entity1188 prevention and fewer consequential haemorrhagic transformations. Among @entity5424 recipients, the absolute mortality benefit exceeded that for the primary-outcome, indicating prevention of additional unrelated deaths. The substantially greater NOAC acquisition costs need viewing against probable greater safety and the avoidance of monitoring @entity548 risks. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Non XXXX Oral Anticoagulants versus @entity1229 for @entity1 with @entity955 : Absolute Benefit and Harm Assessments yield Novel Insights.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: [': stroke/systemic embolism']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'bleeds', 'haemorrhagic-stroke']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity5424 :: ('MESH:C522181', 'Chemical') :: ['Apixaban', 'apixaban']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['embolic infarct']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity2067 :: (MESH:D014812,Chemical) :: ['Vitamin K']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Benefits and/or harms (including costs) of non- @entity2067 oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus @entity1229 therapy need appreciation in relative and absolute terms. METHODS: Accordingly, we derived clinically relevant relative and absolute benefit/harm parameters for NOACs ( @entity5424 , @entity3926 , @entity3925 , @entity14242 ) compared to @entity1229 from four clinical trials involving @entity955 ( @entity955 ) @entity1 . For each trial, we tabulated @entity1 numbers enduring four important outcomes and calculated unadjusted relative risk reduction (RRR) and number needed to treat (NNT)/year values (and 95% confidence intervals) for the NAOC compared to @entity1229 . These outcomes were @entity64 (primary-endpoint), @entity548 , major @entity548 , and @entity204 . We also addressed drug acquisition costs. RESULTS: Each NOAC was non-inferior to @entity1229 for primary-outcome prevention; RRRs were 12-33% and NNT/year values were 182-481, and all but one indicated statistically significant superiority. All the NOACs yielded statistically significant reductions in @entity548 risk; RRRs were 42-74% and NNT/year values were 364-528. Major @entity548 risk was comparable in both groups. @entity5424 yielded a lower NNT/year for preventing @entity204 than for primary-outcome prevention. Compared to @entity1229 , NOAC acquisition costs were 70-140 fold greater. CONCLUSIONS: For the primary-outcome, the absolute benefits of NOACs were modest (NNT/year values being large). Reduced @entity548 rates with NOACs could be due to superior @entity1188 prevention and fewer consequential haemorrhagic transformations. Among @entity5424 recipients, the absolute mortality benefit exceeded that for the primary-outcome, indicating prevention of additional unrelated deaths. The substantially greater NOAC acquisition costs need viewing against probable greater safety and the avoidance of monitoring @entity548 risks. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Non @entity2067 Oral Anticoagulants versus @entity1229 for @entity1 with XXXX : Absolute Benefit and Harm Assessments yield Novel Insights.

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Benefits and/or harms (including costs) of non- @entity2067 oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus @entity1229 therapy need appreciation in relative and absolute terms. METHODS: Accordingly, we derived clinically relevant relative and absolute benefit/harm parameters for NOACs ( @entity5424 , @entity3926 , @entity3925 , @entity14242 ) compared to @entity1229 from four clinical trials involving @entity955 ( @entity955 ) @entity1 . For each trial, we tabulated @entity1 numbers enduring four important outcomes and calculated unadjusted relative risk reduction (RRR) and number needed to treat (NNT)/year values (and 95% confidence intervals) for the NAOC compared to @entity1229 . These outcomes were @entity64 (primary-endpoint), @entity548 , major @entity548 , and @entity204 . We also addressed drug acquisition costs. RESULTS: Each NOAC was non-inferior to @entity1229 for primary-outcome prevention; RRRs were 12-33% and NNT/year values were 182-481, and all but one indicated statistically significant superiority. All the NOACs yielded statistically significant reductions in @entity548 risk; RRRs were 42-74% and NNT/year values were 364-528. Major @entity548 risk was comparable in both groups. @entity5424 yielded a lower NNT/year for preventing @entity204 than for primary-outcome prevention. Compared to @entity1229 , NOAC acquisition costs were 70-140 fold greater. CONCLUSIONS: For the primary-outcome, the absolute benefits of NOACs were modest (NNT/year values being large). Reduced @entity548 rates with NOACs could be due to superior @entity1188 prevention and fewer consequential haemorrhagic transformations. Among @entity5424 recipients, the absolute mortality benefit exceeded that for the primary-outcome, indicating prevention of additional unrelated deaths. The substantially greater NOAC acquisition costs need viewing against probable greater safety and the avoidance of monitoring @entity548 risks. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Non @entity2067 Oral Anticoagulants versus XXXX for @entity1 with @entity955 : Absolute Benefit and Harm Assessments yield Novel Insights.

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['Warfarin']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Benefits and/or harms (including costs) of non- @entity2067 oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus @entity1229 therapy need appreciation in relative and absolute terms. METHODS: Accordingly, we derived clinically relevant relative and absolute benefit/harm parameters for NOACs ( @entity5424 , @entity3926 , @entity3925 , @entity14242 ) compared to @entity1229 from four clinical trials involving @entity955 ( @entity955 ) @entity1 . For each trial, we tabulated @entity1 numbers enduring four important outcomes and calculated unadjusted relative risk reduction (RRR) and number needed to treat (NNT)/year values (and 95% confidence intervals) for the NAOC compared to @entity1229 . These outcomes were @entity64 (primary-endpoint), @entity548 , major @entity548 , and @entity204 . We also addressed drug acquisition costs. RESULTS: Each NOAC was non-inferior to @entity1229 for primary-outcome prevention; RRRs were 12-33% and NNT/year values were 182-481, and all but one indicated statistically significant superiority. All the NOACs yielded statistically significant reductions in @entity548 risk; RRRs were 42-74% and NNT/year values were 364-528. Major @entity548 risk was comparable in both groups. @entity5424 yielded a lower NNT/year for preventing @entity204 than for primary-outcome prevention. Compared to @entity1229 , NOAC acquisition costs were 70-140 fold greater. CONCLUSIONS: For the primary-outcome, the absolute benefits of NOACs were modest (NNT/year values being large). Reduced @entity548 rates with NOACs could be due to superior @entity1188 prevention and fewer consequential haemorrhagic transformations. Among @entity5424 recipients, the absolute mortality benefit exceeded that for the primary-outcome, indicating prevention of additional unrelated deaths. The substantially greater NOAC acquisition costs need viewing against probable greater safety and the avoidance of monitoring @entity548 risks. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Non @entity2067 Oral Anticoagulants versus @entity1229 for XXXX with @entity955 : Absolute Benefit and Harm Assessments yield Novel Insights.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: The 'epidemic' of @entity712 seems to be changing, but precise prevalence estimates of @entity712 and @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) in older adults, based on adequate echocardiographic assessment, are scarce. Systematic reviews including recent studies on the prevalence of @entity712 and @entity1002 are lacking. We aimed to assess the trends in the prevalence of @entity1002 , and @entity712 with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in the older population at large. A systematic electronic search of the databases Medline and Embase was performed. Studies that reported prevalence estimates in community-dwelling @entity1 >= 60   years old were included if echocardiography was used to establish the diagnosis. In total, 28 articles from 25 different study populations were included. The median prevalence of systolic and 'isolated' diastolic @entity1002 was 5.5% (range 3.3-9.2%) and 36.0% (range 15.8-52.8%), respectively. A peak in @entity299 prevalence seems to have occurred between 1995 and 2000. 'All type' @entity712 had a median prevalence rate of 11.8% (range 4.7-13.3%), with fairly stable rates in the last decade and with HFpEF being more common than HFrEF [median prevalence 4.9% (range 3.8-7.4%) and 3.3% (range 2.4-5.8%), respectively]. Both @entity1002 and @entity712 remain common in the older population at large. The prevalence of @entity67 is on the rise and currently higher than that of @entity299 . The prevalence of the latter seems to have decreased in the 21st century.

title: Epidemiology of @entity712 : the prevalence of @entity712 and XXXX in older adults over time. A systematic review.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVD', 'left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: The 'epidemic' of @entity712 seems to be changing, but precise prevalence estimates of @entity712 and @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) in older adults, based on adequate echocardiographic assessment, are scarce. Systematic reviews including recent studies on the prevalence of @entity712 and @entity1002 are lacking. We aimed to assess the trends in the prevalence of @entity1002 , and @entity712 with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in the older population at large. A systematic electronic search of the databases Medline and Embase was performed. Studies that reported prevalence estimates in community-dwelling @entity1 >= 60   years old were included if echocardiography was used to establish the diagnosis. In total, 28 articles from 25 different study populations were included. The median prevalence of systolic and 'isolated' diastolic @entity1002 was 5.5% (range 3.3-9.2%) and 36.0% (range 15.8-52.8%), respectively. A peak in @entity299 prevalence seems to have occurred between 1995 and 2000. 'All type' @entity712 had a median prevalence rate of 11.8% (range 4.7-13.3%), with fairly stable rates in the last decade and with HFpEF being more common than HFrEF [median prevalence 4.9% (range 3.8-7.4%) and 3.3% (range 2.4-5.8%), respectively]. Both @entity1002 and @entity712 remain common in the older population at large. The prevalence of @entity67 is on the rise and currently higher than that of @entity299 . The prevalence of the latter seems to have decreased in the 21st century.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX : the prevalence of @entity712 and @entity67 in older adults over time. A systematic review.

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']