abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2301 is the main carrier of circulating IGFs and the main modulator of their activity. @entity2301 controls cellular availability of IGFs, which cannot exert their pro-proliferative activity while bound to @entity2301 . Proteolysis of @entity2301 is one mechanism to control IGF release. A reduction of serum @entity2301 levels and the associated increased availability of IGFs may represent a strategy whereby @entity320 increases its metastatic potential. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the correlation between the @entity2301 serum level and @entity320 stage. METHODS: The study included 41 @entity1 , 24 male and 17 female, with median age of 60 years (range 24-80), affected by @entity320 . Blood samples were taken from each @entity1 and @entity2301 serum levels were measured using Western blot analysis with commercial antibodies. Values were normalized using commercial @entity2301 . RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed that full-size, glycosylated @entity2301 concentrations were significantly lower in the sera of @entity1 with stage IV @entity320 . Low serum levels of @entity2301 correlated with both disease progression and presence of disease at the time of sample collection. In @entity1 who underwent follow-up visits with further collections of blood samples, the concentrations of glycosylated @entity2301 decreased only in those who showed progression of disease. LIMITATIONS: Our study shows only preliminary results on a limited number of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: We demonstrate that there is a significant inverse correlation between the serum concentration of full-size, glycosylated @entity2301 and disease progression in @entity1 with @entity320 .

title: Correlation between insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 serum level and XXXX progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'cutaneous melanoma']

entities_list: @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['IGFBP-3', 'Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 are considered as a relatively uncommon and less malignant group of @entity2 . However, @entity1 with histologically @entity66 are known to have a worse prognosis. The present study aims to evaluate the long-term outcomes after resection of @entity5 according to the new @entity5 ( @entity5 ) staging system. METHODS: @entity1 with histologically proven @entity5 who underwent surgery in our thoracic unit over the last 25 years were identified from a prospectively collected database. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-six @entity1 were identified from our electronic database. Of these, 164 were known to have @entity66 , while 22 had @entity66 . Median overall survival was 20.0 years. The mean follow-up was 8.0 years (median 7.0 years). Univariate analysis found age over 60, @entity66 , @entity5 staging, N status, and M status to have a statistically significant influence on overall survival. Multivariate analysis found age over 60 and atypical histopathology to have a detrimental impact on overall survival. @entity1 in the atypical subgroup were found to be significantly older, and presented with higher stage disease. CONCLUSIONS: It is clear from the current study and previous reports that @entity1 with atypical histopathology have different baseline characteristics, @entity146 , and prognosis compared with @entity1 with @entity66 . The proposed @entity5 staging system appears to be applicable to @entity1 in our surgical experience, and may offer more accurate prognostic information and assist in the management plans for individuals.

title: XXXX : long-term outcomes after resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['typical disease', 'atypical disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['disease behavior']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['TNM', 'Bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors', 'bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors', 'tumor, nodes, metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancers']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors']


abstract: Actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) are conserved proteins that function in regulating the structure and dynamics of actin microfilaments in eukaryotes. In this study, we present evidence that @entity958 ( @entity958 ) subclass I ADFs, particularly @entity72693 , functions as a susceptibility factor for an adapted powdery mildew fungus. The null mutant of @entity72693 significantly increased resistance against the adapted powdery mildew fungus Golovinomyces orontii. The degree of resistance was further enhanced in transgenic plants in which the expression of all subclass I ADFs (i.e. @entity72694 - @entity72693 ) was suppressed. Microscopic observations revealed that the enhanced resistance of @entity72693 and @entity72694 -4 knockdown plants ( @entity72694 -4Ri) was associated with the accumulation of @entity273 and cell death specific to G. orontii-infected cells. The increased resistance and accumulation of @entity273 in @entity72694 -4Ri were suppressed by the introduction of mutations in the @entity3785 - and @entity7214 -signaling pathways but not by a mutation in the @entity1786 -signaling pathway. Quantification by microscopic images detected an increase in the level of actin microfilament bundling in @entity72694 -4Ri but not in @entity72693 at early G. orontii infection time points. Interestingly, complementation analysis revealed that nuclear localization of @entity72693 was crucial for susceptibility to G. orontii. Based on its G. orontii-infected-cell-specific phenotype, we suggest that subclass I ADFs are susceptibility factors that function in a direct interaction between the host plant and the powdery mildew fungus.

title: Nuclear Function of Subclass I Actin-Depolymerizing Factor Contributes to Susceptibility in XXXX to an Adapted Powdery Mildew Fungus.

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity7214 :: ('MESH:C011006', 'Chemical') :: ['jasmonic acid']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity1786 :: ('MESH:C036216', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylene']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We compared outcomes of @entity18930 ( @entity18930 ) and @entity7105 trunk (ET) techniques when used with thoracic endovascular aortic repair. METHODS: A review was performed of consecutive @entity1 with proximal thoracic aortic pathologies repaired with a hybrid approach. RESULTS: Between 2005 and 2009, 58 @entity1 underwent first-stage ET (n = 21) or @entity18930 (n = 37). Cardiopulmonary bypass was utilized in 100% of ET procedures and 68% of @entity18930 procedures (p < 0.01). @entity1167 was used in 86% of ET and 27% of @entity18930 cases (p < 0.01). The second stage was completed in 76% of ET and 76% of @entity18930 @entity1 . Rates of @entity2759 (ET 0 of 21, @entity18930 0 of 37, p = 1.0), @entity64 (ET 2 of 21, @entity18930 4 of 37, p = 1.0), and 30-day mortality (ET 4 of 21, @entity18930 6 of 37, p = 1.0) were similar. Each group had one major aortic complication between the two stages. Type Ia endovascular leak at 1 and 12 months occurred in 13% ET @entity1 and 4% @entity18930 @entity1 at 1 month (p = 0.54) and in 0% ET @entity1 and 4% @entity18930 @entity1 at 12 months (p = 1.0). Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival at 1 and 12 months were 90.5%    6.4% and 73.1%    10% in the ET group, and 86.5%    5.6 and 71.6%    8.5 in the @entity18930 group, respectively (p = 0.68). The risk of a secondary procedure at 1 and 12 months was 76.2%    9.3% and 58.7%    12% in the ET group, and 71.0%    7.8% and 52.8%    10% in the @entity18930 group, respectively (p = 0.86). CONCLUSIONS: Arch debranching achieves equivalent results to standard @entity7105 trunk repair but with a decreased need for cardiopulmonary bypass and @entity1167 .

title: Arch debranching versus XXXX trunk procedures for hybrid repair of thoracic aortic pathologies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity18930 :: ('MESH:D006010', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'arch debranching']

entities_list: @entity2759 :: ('MESH:D020760', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory arrest', 'Circulatory arrest']

answer: @entity7105 :: (9783,Species) :: ['elephant']


abstract: @entity11 are rare entities in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) in adults. The authors present clinical, neuroradiological, serological, and neuropathological findings in a 60-year-old @entity1 with an extraaxial CPA @entity463 arising from the proximal portion of cranial nerve @entity797 . The @entity1 presented with progressive @entity10584 and left-sided @entity3541 lasting less than 2 months and progressive @entity4653 and @entity1282 lasting 2 weeks. Preoperative neuroimaging suggested the diagnosis of @entity5513 with "dural-tail" sign and involvement of the internal auditory canal. Serological examination showed an increase in the malignant markers of ferritin and @entity3508 , which suggested underlying @entity5 . The @entity5 was subtotally removed, and it was confirmed to be completely separated from the brainstem and cerebellum. Cranial nerves VII and @entity797 were destroyed and sacrificed. Transient severe @entity1168 occurred during surgery due to entrapment of the caudal cranial nerve complex by the @entity5 in such an infiltrative way. The neuropathological examination revealed a @entity463 . The @entity1 underwent no further treatment and died of @entity3085 2 months postoperatively. To the authors' knowledge, this represents the first case of a @entity463 in the CPA in an adult. A high index of suspicion along with reliance on clinical assessment, radiological findings, and serum detection of specific malignant markers is essential to diagnose such uncommon CPA lesions.

title: XXXX of the cerebellopontine angle in adults.

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['CPA meningioma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['Gliomas']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['neuron-specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity10584 :: ('MESH:C537001', 'Disease') :: ['left-sided deafness']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial palsy']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma', 'primary glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['Primary glioblastoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6810 ( @entity6810 ) is the most common acute @entity1781 in @entity1 over the age of 50 and is the second most common cause of permanent optic nerve-related @entity227 in adults after @entity726 . Although the precise cause of @entity6810 remains elusive, the etiology of @entity6810 is believed to be multifactorial. AIMS: To evaluate the utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a simple and readily available prognostic factor for clinical disease activity in @entity1 with @entity6810 . STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study. METHODS: Forty-five @entity1 with the diagnosis of @entity6810 and 50 age- and sex-matched controls with/without any systemic or ocular diseases except @entity231 were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Demographic characteristics and laboratory findings including complete blood count of all @entity1 and control subjects were obtained from the electronic medical record. The neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were recorded and the NLR was calculated. RESULTS: White blood cell, neutrophil, NLR and platelet values of the @entity6810 @entity1 were significantly higher than those of the controls (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.004, p=0.037, respectively). Initial NLR values were negatively correlated with initial and the third month best corrected visual acuity levels in the study group. The optimum NLR cut-off point for @entity6810 was 1.94. CONCLUSION: NLR could be considered as a new inflammatory marker for assessment of the severity of @entity32 in @entity6810 @entity1 with its quick, cheap, easily measurable property with routine complete blood count analysis.

title: Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Marker in @entity1 with Non-arteritic Anterior XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity6810 :: ('MESH:D018917', 'Disease') :: ['Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy', 'NAION']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuropathy']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Optic Neuropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6810 ( @entity6810 ) is the most common acute @entity1781 in @entity1 over the age of 50 and is the second most common cause of permanent optic nerve-related @entity227 in adults after @entity726 . Although the precise cause of @entity6810 remains elusive, the etiology of @entity6810 is believed to be multifactorial. AIMS: To evaluate the utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a simple and readily available prognostic factor for clinical disease activity in @entity1 with @entity6810 . STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study. METHODS: Forty-five @entity1 with the diagnosis of @entity6810 and 50 age- and sex-matched controls with/without any systemic or ocular diseases except @entity231 were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Demographic characteristics and laboratory findings including complete blood count of all @entity1 and control subjects were obtained from the electronic medical record. The neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were recorded and the NLR was calculated. RESULTS: White blood cell, neutrophil, NLR and platelet values of the @entity6810 @entity1 were significantly higher than those of the controls (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.004, p=0.037, respectively). Initial NLR values were negatively correlated with initial and the third month best corrected visual acuity levels in the study group. The optimum NLR cut-off point for @entity6810 was 1.94. CONCLUSION: NLR could be considered as a new inflammatory marker for assessment of the severity of @entity32 in @entity6810 @entity1 with its quick, cheap, easily measurable property with routine complete blood count analysis.

title: Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Marker in XXXX with Non-arteritic Anterior @entity1781 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Most cases of @entity1 @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) are accompanied by continuing cord compression. Experimentally, compression results in rapid neurological decline over hours, suggesting a rise in intracanal pressure local to the site of injury. The aim of this study was to measure the rise in local intracanal pressure accompanying progressive @entity432 and to determine the relationship between raised intracanal pressure and neurological outcome. We also aimed to establish whether @entity2332 was able to reduce raised intracanal pressure. We demonstrate that, following @entity1566 in F344 @entity35 , local intracanal pressure remains near normal until @entity432 exceeds 30% of diameter, whereupon a rapid increase in pressure occurs. Intracanal pressure appears to be an important determinant of neurological recovery, with poor long-term behavioural and histological outcomes in animals subject to 8   h of 45% @entity432 , in which intracanal pressure is significantly elevated. In contrast, good neurological recovery occurs in animals with near normal intracanal pressure (animals undergoing 8   h of 30% @entity432 or those undergoing immediate decompression). We further demonstrate that @entity2332 is an effective therapy to control raised intracanal pressure, rapidly reducing elevated intracanal pressure accompanying critical (45%) @entity432 to near normal. Overall these data indicate that following @entity1566 only limited canal narrowing is tolerated before local intracanal pressure rapidly rises, inducing a sharp decline in neurological outcome. Raised intracanal pressure can be controlled with @entity2332 , which may be a useful therapy to emergently decompress the spinal cord prior to surgical decompression.

title: Intracanal pressure in compressive @entity1566 : reduction with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['canal occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: Most cases of @entity1 @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) are accompanied by continuing cord compression. Experimentally, compression results in rapid neurological decline over hours, suggesting a rise in intracanal pressure local to the site of injury. The aim of this study was to measure the rise in local intracanal pressure accompanying progressive @entity432 and to determine the relationship between raised intracanal pressure and neurological outcome. We also aimed to establish whether @entity2332 was able to reduce raised intracanal pressure. We demonstrate that, following @entity1566 in F344 @entity35 , local intracanal pressure remains near normal until @entity432 exceeds 30% of diameter, whereupon a rapid increase in pressure occurs. Intracanal pressure appears to be an important determinant of neurological recovery, with poor long-term behavioural and histological outcomes in animals subject to 8   h of 45% @entity432 , in which intracanal pressure is significantly elevated. In contrast, good neurological recovery occurs in animals with near normal intracanal pressure (animals undergoing 8   h of 30% @entity432 or those undergoing immediate decompression). We further demonstrate that @entity2332 is an effective therapy to control raised intracanal pressure, rapidly reducing elevated intracanal pressure accompanying critical (45%) @entity432 to near normal. Overall these data indicate that following @entity1566 only limited canal narrowing is tolerated before local intracanal pressure rapidly rises, inducing a sharp decline in neurological outcome. Raised intracanal pressure can be controlled with @entity2332 , which may be a useful therapy to emergently decompress the spinal cord prior to surgical decompression.

title: Intracanal pressure in compressive XXXX : reduction with @entity2332 .

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: To predict short-term outcome in acute @entity385 , we analyzed somatosensory evoked potentials ( @entity52220 ) and biochemical parameters [ @entity3508 ( @entity3508 ) and @entity4483 protein] in a prospective study with serial measurement. In 31 @entity1 with 1st @entity2500 , serum @entity3508 and @entity4483 protein were measured daily between days 1 and 6 poststroke. The N20 and N70 components of the @entity52220 (SEP20 and SEP70) were determined on days 1 and 6. @entity52220 and biochemical markers in @entity64 @entity1 were compared with a control group. Short-term outcome was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at days 7-10 and was dichotomized between good (mRS 0-2) and poor (mRS >= 3) outcome. Specificity and positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) were high at day 1 for @entity52220 (SEP20: 100% for both; SEP70: 93 and 88%, respectively) compared with lower values for @entity3508 (67 and 50%) and @entity4483 (23 and 57%). In contrast, @entity4483 showed the highest sensitivity at day 1 with 77% compared with a relatively low sensitivity of @entity3508 (31%) and @entity52220 (SEP20: 35%, SEP70: 47%). The biochemical markers showed an improving sensitivity over time with best values (>90%) between days 3 and 4 at the expense of a lower specificity. Specificity and @entity2286 of @entity52220 on day 6 was still 100% with sensitivity increasing up to 53% (SEP20) and 60% (SEP70). @entity52220 could early differentiate between good and poor outcome and reliably predict poor outcome. Since biochemical markers and @entity52220 complement each other in the prognosis of @entity64 , a combined application of these markers seems promising.

title: Prognostic value of somatosensory evoked potentials, @entity3508 , and @entity4483 for short-term outcome in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery infarction']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['NSE', 'neuron-specific enolase']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: To predict short-term outcome in acute @entity385 , we analyzed somatosensory evoked potentials ( @entity52220 ) and biochemical parameters [ @entity3508 ( @entity3508 ) and @entity4483 protein] in a prospective study with serial measurement. In 31 @entity1 with 1st @entity2500 , serum @entity3508 and @entity4483 protein were measured daily between days 1 and 6 poststroke. The N20 and N70 components of the @entity52220 (SEP20 and SEP70) were determined on days 1 and 6. @entity52220 and biochemical markers in @entity64 @entity1 were compared with a control group. Short-term outcome was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at days 7-10 and was dichotomized between good (mRS 0-2) and poor (mRS >= 3) outcome. Specificity and positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) were high at day 1 for @entity52220 (SEP20: 100% for both; SEP70: 93 and 88%, respectively) compared with lower values for @entity3508 (67 and 50%) and @entity4483 (23 and 57%). In contrast, @entity4483 showed the highest sensitivity at day 1 with 77% compared with a relatively low sensitivity of @entity3508 (31%) and @entity52220 (SEP20: 35%, SEP70: 47%). The biochemical markers showed an improving sensitivity over time with best values (>90%) between days 3 and 4 at the expense of a lower specificity. Specificity and @entity2286 of @entity52220 on day 6 was still 100% with sensitivity increasing up to 53% (SEP20) and 60% (SEP70). @entity52220 could early differentiate between good and poor outcome and reliably predict poor outcome. Since biochemical markers and @entity52220 complement each other in the prognosis of @entity64 , a combined application of these markers seems promising.

title: Prognostic value of somatosensory evoked potentials, XXXX , and @entity4483 for short-term outcome in @entity385 .

answer: @entity3508 :: (2026,Gene) :: ['neuron-specific enolase']


abstract: To predict short-term outcome in acute @entity385 , we analyzed somatosensory evoked potentials ( @entity52220 ) and biochemical parameters [ @entity3508 ( @entity3508 ) and @entity4483 protein] in a prospective study with serial measurement. In 31 @entity1 with 1st @entity2500 , serum @entity3508 and @entity4483 protein were measured daily between days 1 and 6 poststroke. The N20 and N70 components of the @entity52220 (SEP20 and SEP70) were determined on days 1 and 6. @entity52220 and biochemical markers in @entity64 @entity1 were compared with a control group. Short-term outcome was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at days 7-10 and was dichotomized between good (mRS 0-2) and poor (mRS >= 3) outcome. Specificity and positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) were high at day 1 for @entity52220 (SEP20: 100% for both; SEP70: 93 and 88%, respectively) compared with lower values for @entity3508 (67 and 50%) and @entity4483 (23 and 57%). In contrast, @entity4483 showed the highest sensitivity at day 1 with 77% compared with a relatively low sensitivity of @entity3508 (31%) and @entity52220 (SEP20: 35%, SEP70: 47%). The biochemical markers showed an improving sensitivity over time with best values (>90%) between days 3 and 4 at the expense of a lower specificity. Specificity and @entity2286 of @entity52220 on day 6 was still 100% with sensitivity increasing up to 53% (SEP20) and 60% (SEP70). @entity52220 could early differentiate between good and poor outcome and reliably predict poor outcome. Since biochemical markers and @entity52220 complement each other in the prognosis of @entity64 , a combined application of these markers seems promising.

title: Prognostic value of somatosensory evoked potentials, @entity3508 , and XXXX for short-term outcome in @entity385 .

answer: @entity4483 :: (6285,Gene) :: ['S100']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mitochondrial oxidative stress is considered as a key accelerator of @entity82 in various organs including the liver. However, the production of oxidative stress and progression of @entity1575 may merely represent the independent consequences of @entity99 caused by the @entity66 . Because of a lack of appropriate experimental models to evaluate the sole effects of oxidative stress, it is virtually unknown whether this stress is causatively linked to the progression of @entity1575 . Here, we examined the direct effects of mitochondrial reactive @entity26 species (ROS) on the progression of high fat/calorie diet-induced @entity1560 using Tet-mev-1 @entity19 , in which a mutated @entity4588 dehydrogenase transgene impairs the mitochondrial electron transport and generates an excess amount of ROS in response to @entity3403 administration. Wild type and Tet-mev-1 @entity19 that had been continuously given @entity3403 -containing water were subsequently fed either normal chow or a @entity165 -free high-fat/high- @entity969 diet for 4 months at approximately 1 or 2 years of age. Histopathological examinations indicated that neither the mitochondrial ROS induced in Tet-mev-1 @entity19 nor the feeding of wild type animals with high-fat/high- @entity969 diet alone caused significant @entity1575 . Only when the Tet-mev-1 @entity19 were fed a high-fat/high- @entity969 diet, it induced lipid peroxidation in hepatocytes and enhanced hepatic CC chemokine expression. These events were accompanied by increased infiltration of @entity13945 -positive cells and activation of myofibroblasts, resulting in extensive @entity1575 . Interestingly, this combinatorial effect of mitochondrial ROS and excess fat/calorie intake on @entity1575 was observed only in 2-year-old Tet-mev-1 @entity19 , not in the 1-year-old animals. Collectively, these results indicate that mitochondrial ROS in combination with excess fat/calorie intake accelerates @entity1575 by enhancing CC chemokine production in aged animals. We have provided a good experimental model to explore how high fat/calorie intake increases the susceptibility to @entity1561 in aged individuals who have impaired mitochondrial adaptation.

title: A Combination of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Excess Fat/Calorie Intake Accelerates XXXX by Enhancing Hepatic CC Chemokine Production in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity4588 :: ('MESH:D019802', 'Chemical') :: ['succinate']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['nonalcoholic steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular injury']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1560 :: (MESH:D005234,Disease) :: ['Steatohepatitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mitochondrial oxidative stress is considered as a key accelerator of @entity82 in various organs including the liver. However, the production of oxidative stress and progression of @entity1575 may merely represent the independent consequences of @entity99 caused by the @entity66 . Because of a lack of appropriate experimental models to evaluate the sole effects of oxidative stress, it is virtually unknown whether this stress is causatively linked to the progression of @entity1575 . Here, we examined the direct effects of mitochondrial reactive @entity26 species (ROS) on the progression of high fat/calorie diet-induced @entity1560 using Tet-mev-1 @entity19 , in which a mutated @entity4588 dehydrogenase transgene impairs the mitochondrial electron transport and generates an excess amount of ROS in response to @entity3403 administration. Wild type and Tet-mev-1 @entity19 that had been continuously given @entity3403 -containing water were subsequently fed either normal chow or a @entity165 -free high-fat/high- @entity969 diet for 4 months at approximately 1 or 2 years of age. Histopathological examinations indicated that neither the mitochondrial ROS induced in Tet-mev-1 @entity19 nor the feeding of wild type animals with high-fat/high- @entity969 diet alone caused significant @entity1575 . Only when the Tet-mev-1 @entity19 were fed a high-fat/high- @entity969 diet, it induced lipid peroxidation in hepatocytes and enhanced hepatic CC chemokine expression. These events were accompanied by increased infiltration of @entity13945 -positive cells and activation of myofibroblasts, resulting in extensive @entity1575 . Interestingly, this combinatorial effect of mitochondrial ROS and excess fat/calorie intake on @entity1575 was observed only in 2-year-old Tet-mev-1 @entity19 , not in the 1-year-old animals. Collectively, these results indicate that mitochondrial ROS in combination with excess fat/calorie intake accelerates @entity1575 by enhancing CC chemokine production in aged animals. We have provided a good experimental model to explore how high fat/calorie intake increases the susceptibility to @entity1561 in aged individuals who have impaired mitochondrial adaptation.

title: A Combination of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Excess Fat/Calorie Intake Accelerates @entity1560 by Enhancing Hepatic CC Chemokine Production in XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unimpaired @entity1531 presentation is a prerequisite for the recognition of @entity5 cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and thus essential for the success of anticancer immunotherapeutic concepts. Several approaches have been taken in the immunotherapy of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ), however of limited success. HLA loss or down-regulation have often been reported and might interfere with immunotherapeutic approaches aimed at the recognition of HLA-presented peptides. METHODS: We employed a quantitative method of molecular analysis for the comparison of HLA amounts on @entity5 , normal kidney and @entity3 of @entity1358 , using Edman degradation. We analyzed a series of 47 @entity1358 samples including corresponding @entity8 , local lymph node @entity3 and distant @entity3 . RESULTS: Results of quantitative Edman degradation revealed significantly higher HLA yields on @entity5 and @entity3 compared to normal kidney tissue. This effect was shown not to result from infiltrating immune cells, since @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocytes had no influence on the overall HLA recovery from @entity5 tissue. Unexpectedly, we found a higher amount of HLA class I molecules on distant @entity3 compared to local lymph node @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Edman degradation allows the direct quantitative comparison of HLA class I protein expression by @entity5 or normal tissue and @entity3 of @entity1358 @entity1 . Our results raise hopes for improving the success and effectiveness of future immunotherapeutic concepts for metastatic @entity1358 .

title: Quantification of HLA class I molecules on XXXX using Edman degradation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['RCC', 'metastatic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) is a prevalent @entity146 disorder precipitated by exposure to extreme traumatic stress. Yet, most individuals exposed to traumatic stress do not develop @entity1005 and may be considered psychologically resilient. The neural circuits involved in susceptibility or resiliency to @entity1005 remain unclear, but clinical evidence implicates changes in the noradrenergic system. METHODS: An animal model of @entity1005 called @entity130 Experience with Reminders of Stress (TERS) was developed by exposing C57BL/6 @entity19 to a single shock (2 mA, 10 sec) followed by exposure to six contextual 1-minute reminders of the shock over a 25-day period. @entity427 response (ASR) testing before the shock and after the last reminder allowed experimenters to separate the shocked @entity19 into two cohorts: @entity19 that developed a greatly increased ASR (TERS-susceptible @entity19 ) and @entity19 that did not (TERS-resilient @entity19 ). RESULTS: @entity146 and social behavioral correlates of @entity1005 increased in TERS-susceptible @entity19 but not in TERS-resilient @entity19 or control @entity19 . Characterization of @entity9830 expression in stress-related brain regions revealed that TERS-susceptible and TERS-resilient @entity19 displayed divergent brain activation following swim stress compared with control @entity19 . Pharmacological activation of noradrenergic inhibitory autoreceptors or blockade of postsynaptic a(1)-adrenoreceptors normalized ASR, @entity146 , and social interaction in TERS-susceptible @entity19 . The TERS-resilient, but not TERS-susceptible, @entity19 showed a trend toward decreased behavioral responsiveness to noradrenergic autoreceptor blockade compared with control @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: These data implicate the noradrenergic system as a possible site of pathological and perhaps also adaptive plasticity in response to traumatic stress.

title: The role of norepinephrine in differential response to stress in an animal model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'aggression', 'Aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['Posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['Acoustic startle']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Traumatic']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Frailty is a state of increased vulnerability to health-related stressors and can be measured by summing the number of frailty characteristics present in an individual. Discharge institutionalization (rather than discharge to home) represents disease burden and functional @entity734 after hospitalization. Our aim was to determine the relationship between frailty and need for @entity86 institutionalization. STUDY DESIGN: Subjects >=  65 years undergoing major elective operations requiring postoperative ICU admission were enrolled. Discharge institutionalization was defined as need for institutionalized care at hospital discharge. Fourteen preoperative frailty characteristics were measured in 6 domains: comorbidity burden, function, nutrition, @entity73 , and extrinsic frailty. RESULTS: A total of 223 subjects (mean age 73    6 years) were studied. Discharge institutionalization occurred in 30% (n = 66). Frailty characteristics related to need for @entity86 institutionalization included: older age, Charlson index >=  3, hematocrit <35%, any functional @entity734 , up-and-go >=  15 seconds, albumin <3.4 mg/dL, Mini-Cog score  <= 3, and having fallen within 6 months (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Multivariate logistic regression retained prolonged timed up-and-go (p < 0.0001) and any functional @entity734 (p < 0.0001) as the variables most closely related to need for discharge institutionalization. An increased number of frailty characteristics present in any one subject resulted in increased rate of discharge institutionalization. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly 1 in 3 geriatric @entity1 required discharge to an institutional care facility after major surgery. The frailty characteristics of prolonged up-and-go and any functional @entity734 were most closely related to the need for discharge institutionalization. Accumulation of a higher number of frailty characteristics in any one geriatric @entity1 increased their risk of discharge institutionalization.

title: Accumulated frailty characteristics predict XXXX institutionalization in the geriatric @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognition, geriatric syndromes']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative discharge']

answer: @entity86 :: (MESH:D019106,Disease) :: ['postoperative discharge']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Frailty is a state of increased vulnerability to health-related stressors and can be measured by summing the number of frailty characteristics present in an individual. Discharge institutionalization (rather than discharge to home) represents disease burden and functional @entity734 after hospitalization. Our aim was to determine the relationship between frailty and need for @entity86 institutionalization. STUDY DESIGN: Subjects >=  65 years undergoing major elective operations requiring postoperative ICU admission were enrolled. Discharge institutionalization was defined as need for institutionalized care at hospital discharge. Fourteen preoperative frailty characteristics were measured in 6 domains: comorbidity burden, function, nutrition, @entity73 , and extrinsic frailty. RESULTS: A total of 223 subjects (mean age 73    6 years) were studied. Discharge institutionalization occurred in 30% (n = 66). Frailty characteristics related to need for @entity86 institutionalization included: older age, Charlson index >=  3, hematocrit <35%, any functional @entity734 , up-and-go >=  15 seconds, albumin <3.4 mg/dL, Mini-Cog score  <= 3, and having fallen within 6 months (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Multivariate logistic regression retained prolonged timed up-and-go (p < 0.0001) and any functional @entity734 (p < 0.0001) as the variables most closely related to need for discharge institutionalization. An increased number of frailty characteristics present in any one subject resulted in increased rate of discharge institutionalization. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly 1 in 3 geriatric @entity1 required discharge to an institutional care facility after major surgery. The frailty characteristics of prolonged up-and-go and any functional @entity734 were most closely related to the need for discharge institutionalization. Accumulation of a higher number of frailty characteristics in any one geriatric @entity1 increased their risk of discharge institutionalization.

title: Accumulated frailty characteristics predict @entity86 institutionalization in the geriatric XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: The aspartic transcarbamylase (ATCase) activity of @entity3881 cells disappears rapidly from stationary-phase cells prior to sporulation. ATCase activity does not appear in the culture fluid during the stationary phase; hence the enzyme appears to be inactivated in the cells. The enzyme is inactivated normally in two different mutants lacking proteases; the activity is very stable in crude extracts of cells or in the culture fluid. These results suggest that ATCase is not inactivated by the general proteolysis that occurs in sporulating bacteria. The inactivation of ATCase can be completely inhibited after it has begun by @entity26 starvation or addition of @entity2861 . Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport also interrupt the inactivation of ATCase. The inactivation of ATCase is very slow in two mutant strains that are deficient in enzymes of @entity6626 cycle. Addition of @entity12742 to stationary cultures of the mutant strains, which is known to restore depleted @entity6883 pools in these bacteria, also restores inactivation of ATCase. These experiments support the conclusion that the generation of metabolic energy is necessary for the inactivation of ATCase in stationary cells. ATCase activity is stable in growing cells in which ATCase synthesis is repressed by addition of @entity5537 ; the enzyme is inactivated normally, however, when such cells cease growing.

title: Inactivation of aspartic transcarbamylase in sporulating XXXX : demonstration of a requirement for metabolic energy.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity6883 :: ('CHEBI:15422', 'Chemical') :: ["adenosine 5'-triphosphate"]

entities_list: @entity2861 :: ('CHEBI:18172', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoroacetate']

entities_list: @entity6626 :: ('CHEBI:27093', 'Chemical') :: ['tricarboxylic acid']

entities_list: @entity12742 :: ('MESH:C030691', 'Chemical') :: ['gluconate']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis']

answer: @entity3881 :: (1423,Species) :: ['Bacillus subtilis']


abstract: The specialised regions of the stomach include the @entity418 , fundus, body, antrum and the pylorus. Not only do these regions have specific secretory functions, but also, they have specific motor functions as well. For example, the proximal stomach is most important in regulating emptying of liquids and the distal stomach and pylorus, the emptying of solids. Disorders of gastric emptying can be classified into two major categories: mechanical obstruction due to increased resistance and functional obstruction ( @entity7623 ) due to pump failure. Gastroparesis is best diagnosed using a solid test meal which is labelled by a gamma-emitting radionuclide. Agents employed to treat @entity7623 include @entity10257 , @entity1769 and @entity2211 . Entero-gastric reflux occurs when there are abnormalities in the duodeno-gastric pressure gradient or the duodeno-gastric resistance mechanism. @entity356 may be seen in @entity1 with @entity2275 , @entity1030 , @entity9834 or @entity356 . The diagnosis of @entity356 depends upon typical symptoms and the demonstration of @entity356 by scintigraphic techniques or the measurement of bile concentrations within the stomach. Medical treatment with bile chelating agents and surface coating agents has been disappointing. Surgical treatment should only be undertaken as a last resort.

title: Gastroduodenal motility disturbances in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9834 :: ('MESH:D017562', 'Disease') :: ['post-cholecystectomy syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['metoclopramide']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['excessive entero-gastric reflux', 'entero-gastric reflux gastritis', 'Excessive entero-gastric reflux', 'post-operative entero-gastric reflux gastritis']

entities_list: @entity2211 :: ('MESH:D004294', 'Chemical') :: ['domperidone']

entities_list: @entity7623 :: ('MESH:D018589', 'Disease') :: ['gastroparesis']

entities_list: @entity10257 :: ('MESH:D018723', 'Chemical') :: ['bethanechol']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcers']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: A 38-year-old @entity1 presented with a case of post-traumatic ethmoidal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak that was repaired using a purely endoscopic endonasal approach. Six weeks after a mild domestic maxillofacial @entity130 , she started complaining of clear, watery discharge from the left nostril and @entity10 . Neuroimaging investigations disclosed a linear fracture of the left anterior ethmoidal roof without evidence of large bony breaches or any brain tissue damage. After conservative medical treatment with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors failed, she was referred to our hospital for surgical repair of the @entity154 . An endoscopic endonasal transethmoidal approach was successfully performed, and an overlay technique was used to reconstruct the defect. The @entity1 was discharged without clinical evidence of CSF @entity5254 and no leaks were apparent at the 3-month follow-up clinical and radiological examinations. Post-traumatic CSF @entity5254 occurs in cases of dural tears associated with small bone breaks, most frequently involving the anterior skull base. Recovery is often spontaneous following only bed rest, or with medical treatments such as inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase diuretics, @entity230 , or eventually stool softeners to help reduce CSF pressure. Surgical repair is required when first-line conservative treatment proves ineffective. The present case shows that the endoscopic endonasal technique for the management of CSF leaks provides a less invasive surgical route to achieve valid dural repair.

title: Purely endoscopic repair of XXXX from the anterior skull base: case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['osteodural defect']

entities_list: @entity5254 :: ('MESH:D002559', 'Disease') :: ['rhinorrhea']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity5254 :: (MESH:D002559,Disease) :: ['traumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea']


abstract: A 38-year-old male was referred because of @entity158 in the left 5th lumbar (L5) root territory. Physical examination found moderate @entity425 in the left extensor hallucis longus (EHL) and the left tibialis anterior muscles. Magnetic resonance imaging found no stenotic lesion between L4-L5, but disc herniation was observed on the left between L1-L2. An L5 nerve root block provided temporary relief of the @entity158 but the left foot @entity425 was exacerbated. Therefore, surgery was performed. Partial laminectomy and left herniotomy were performed at L1-L2, L2-L3, and L3-L4 with motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring. The MEP amplitude of the left EHL muscle increased immediately after L1-L2 herniotomy. The MEP amplitude of the right EHL muscle also increased after both laminectomy and herniotomy. The postoperative course was uneventful. The left leg @entity158 and @entity425 disappeared. The @entity1 has been doing fine without recurrence for 12 months. Since the MEP of both left and right EHL muscles improved after the @entity6356 herniotomy, circulatory insufficiency might have caused the L5 symptoms. Monitoring of the MEP during the surgery was useful for confirming the responsible lesion and also for predicting the postoperative course.

title: Motor evoked potential study suggesting L5 radiculopathy caused by XXXX disc herniation: case report.

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['motor weakness', 'weakness']

answer: @entity6356 :: (4029,Gene) :: ['l1-2']


abstract: This randomized, comparative, phase-IIIb study conducted in France aimed to demonstrate whether seroprotection against @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity3328 1 month after a single dose of REVAXIS (low-dose @entity7394 ) is non-inferior to seroprotection 1 month after a single dose of DT Polio (standard-dose @entity7394 ), both vaccines being given as a second booster to healthy @entity1 at 6 years of age. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive a single intramuscular dose of REVAXIS or DT Polio. Primary endpoints were the 1-month post-booster seroprotection rates for @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 type-1, -2 and -3 antigens. Secondary endpoints were immunogenicity and safety observations. Of 788 @entity1 screened, 760 were randomized: REVAXIS group, 384 @entity1 ; DT Polio group, 376 @entity1 . No relevant difference in demographic characteristics at baseline was observed between REVAXIS and DT Polio groups. Non-inferiority of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio for seroprotection was demonstrated against @entity7394 (respectively 98.6% and 99.3%), @entity116 (respectively 99.6% and 100%), and poliovirus antigens (100% for each types in both groups). No @entity56 to REVAXIS were reported. A benefit/risk ratio in favor of REVAXIS was suggested by the trend towards a better tolerability of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio regarding the rate of severe solicited injection-site reactions. The results support the use of REVAXIS as a booster at 6 years of age in @entity1 who previously received a three-dose primary series within the first 6 months of life and a first booster including @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 vaccine(s) given before 2 years of age.

title: Immunogenicity and safety of combined adsorbed low-dose @entity7394 , @entity116 and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (REVAXIS (  )) versus combined @entity7394 , XXXX and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (DT Polio (  )) given as a booster dose at 6 years of age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3328 :: ('MESH:D011051', 'Disease') :: ['poliomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity7394 :: ('MESH:D004165', 'Disease') :: ['diphtheria']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions']

answer: @entity116 :: (MESH:D013746,Disease) :: ['tetanus']


abstract: This randomized, comparative, phase-IIIb study conducted in France aimed to demonstrate whether seroprotection against @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity3328 1 month after a single dose of REVAXIS (low-dose @entity7394 ) is non-inferior to seroprotection 1 month after a single dose of DT Polio (standard-dose @entity7394 ), both vaccines being given as a second booster to healthy @entity1 at 6 years of age. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive a single intramuscular dose of REVAXIS or DT Polio. Primary endpoints were the 1-month post-booster seroprotection rates for @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 type-1, -2 and -3 antigens. Secondary endpoints were immunogenicity and safety observations. Of 788 @entity1 screened, 760 were randomized: REVAXIS group, 384 @entity1 ; DT Polio group, 376 @entity1 . No relevant difference in demographic characteristics at baseline was observed between REVAXIS and DT Polio groups. Non-inferiority of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio for seroprotection was demonstrated against @entity7394 (respectively 98.6% and 99.3%), @entity116 (respectively 99.6% and 100%), and poliovirus antigens (100% for each types in both groups). No @entity56 to REVAXIS were reported. A benefit/risk ratio in favor of REVAXIS was suggested by the trend towards a better tolerability of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio regarding the rate of severe solicited injection-site reactions. The results support the use of REVAXIS as a booster at 6 years of age in @entity1 who previously received a three-dose primary series within the first 6 months of life and a first booster including @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 vaccine(s) given before 2 years of age.

title: Immunogenicity and safety of combined adsorbed low-dose @entity7394 , XXXX and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (REVAXIS (  )) versus combined @entity7394 , @entity116 and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (DT Polio (  )) given as a booster dose at 6 years of age.

answer: @entity116 :: (MESH:D013746,Disease) :: ['tetanus']


abstract: This randomized, comparative, phase-IIIb study conducted in France aimed to demonstrate whether seroprotection against @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity3328 1 month after a single dose of REVAXIS (low-dose @entity7394 ) is non-inferior to seroprotection 1 month after a single dose of DT Polio (standard-dose @entity7394 ), both vaccines being given as a second booster to healthy @entity1 at 6 years of age. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive a single intramuscular dose of REVAXIS or DT Polio. Primary endpoints were the 1-month post-booster seroprotection rates for @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 type-1, -2 and -3 antigens. Secondary endpoints were immunogenicity and safety observations. Of 788 @entity1 screened, 760 were randomized: REVAXIS group, 384 @entity1 ; DT Polio group, 376 @entity1 . No relevant difference in demographic characteristics at baseline was observed between REVAXIS and DT Polio groups. Non-inferiority of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio for seroprotection was demonstrated against @entity7394 (respectively 98.6% and 99.3%), @entity116 (respectively 99.6% and 100%), and poliovirus antigens (100% for each types in both groups). No @entity56 to REVAXIS were reported. A benefit/risk ratio in favor of REVAXIS was suggested by the trend towards a better tolerability of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio regarding the rate of severe solicited injection-site reactions. The results support the use of REVAXIS as a booster at 6 years of age in @entity1 who previously received a three-dose primary series within the first 6 months of life and a first booster including @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 vaccine(s) given before 2 years of age.

title: Immunogenicity and safety of combined adsorbed low-dose XXXX , @entity116 and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (REVAXIS (  )) versus combined @entity7394 , @entity116 and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (DT Polio (  )) given as a booster dose at 6 years of age.

answer: @entity7394 :: (MESH:D004165,Disease) :: ['diphtheria']


abstract: This randomized, comparative, phase-IIIb study conducted in France aimed to demonstrate whether seroprotection against @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity3328 1 month after a single dose of REVAXIS (low-dose @entity7394 ) is non-inferior to seroprotection 1 month after a single dose of DT Polio (standard-dose @entity7394 ), both vaccines being given as a second booster to healthy @entity1 at 6 years of age. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive a single intramuscular dose of REVAXIS or DT Polio. Primary endpoints were the 1-month post-booster seroprotection rates for @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 type-1, -2 and -3 antigens. Secondary endpoints were immunogenicity and safety observations. Of 788 @entity1 screened, 760 were randomized: REVAXIS group, 384 @entity1 ; DT Polio group, 376 @entity1 . No relevant difference in demographic characteristics at baseline was observed between REVAXIS and DT Polio groups. Non-inferiority of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio for seroprotection was demonstrated against @entity7394 (respectively 98.6% and 99.3%), @entity116 (respectively 99.6% and 100%), and poliovirus antigens (100% for each types in both groups). No @entity56 to REVAXIS were reported. A benefit/risk ratio in favor of REVAXIS was suggested by the trend towards a better tolerability of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio regarding the rate of severe solicited injection-site reactions. The results support the use of REVAXIS as a booster at 6 years of age in @entity1 who previously received a three-dose primary series within the first 6 months of life and a first booster including @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 vaccine(s) given before 2 years of age.

title: Immunogenicity and safety of combined adsorbed low-dose @entity7394 , @entity116 and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (REVAXIS (  )) versus combined XXXX , @entity116 and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (DT Polio (  )) given as a booster dose at 6 years of age.

answer: @entity7394 :: (MESH:D004165,Disease) :: ['diphtheria']


abstract: This randomized, comparative, phase-IIIb study conducted in France aimed to demonstrate whether seroprotection against @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity3328 1 month after a single dose of REVAXIS (low-dose @entity7394 ) is non-inferior to seroprotection 1 month after a single dose of DT Polio (standard-dose @entity7394 ), both vaccines being given as a second booster to healthy @entity1 at 6 years of age. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive a single intramuscular dose of REVAXIS or DT Polio. Primary endpoints were the 1-month post-booster seroprotection rates for @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 type-1, -2 and -3 antigens. Secondary endpoints were immunogenicity and safety observations. Of 788 @entity1 screened, 760 were randomized: REVAXIS group, 384 @entity1 ; DT Polio group, 376 @entity1 . No relevant difference in demographic characteristics at baseline was observed between REVAXIS and DT Polio groups. Non-inferiority of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio for seroprotection was demonstrated against @entity7394 (respectively 98.6% and 99.3%), @entity116 (respectively 99.6% and 100%), and poliovirus antigens (100% for each types in both groups). No @entity56 to REVAXIS were reported. A benefit/risk ratio in favor of REVAXIS was suggested by the trend towards a better tolerability of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio regarding the rate of severe solicited injection-site reactions. The results support the use of REVAXIS as a booster at 6 years of age in @entity1 who previously received a three-dose primary series within the first 6 months of life and a first booster including @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 vaccine(s) given before 2 years of age.

title: Immunogenicity and safety of combined adsorbed low-dose @entity7394 , @entity116 and inactivated XXXX vaccine (REVAXIS (  )) versus combined @entity7394 , @entity116 and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (DT Polio (  )) given as a booster dose at 6 years of age.

answer: @entity9925 :: (138950,Species) :: ['poliovirus']


abstract: This randomized, comparative, phase-IIIb study conducted in France aimed to demonstrate whether seroprotection against @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity3328 1 month after a single dose of REVAXIS (low-dose @entity7394 ) is non-inferior to seroprotection 1 month after a single dose of DT Polio (standard-dose @entity7394 ), both vaccines being given as a second booster to healthy @entity1 at 6 years of age. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive a single intramuscular dose of REVAXIS or DT Polio. Primary endpoints were the 1-month post-booster seroprotection rates for @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 type-1, -2 and -3 antigens. Secondary endpoints were immunogenicity and safety observations. Of 788 @entity1 screened, 760 were randomized: REVAXIS group, 384 @entity1 ; DT Polio group, 376 @entity1 . No relevant difference in demographic characteristics at baseline was observed between REVAXIS and DT Polio groups. Non-inferiority of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio for seroprotection was demonstrated against @entity7394 (respectively 98.6% and 99.3%), @entity116 (respectively 99.6% and 100%), and poliovirus antigens (100% for each types in both groups). No @entity56 to REVAXIS were reported. A benefit/risk ratio in favor of REVAXIS was suggested by the trend towards a better tolerability of REVAXIS compared with DT Polio regarding the rate of severe solicited injection-site reactions. The results support the use of REVAXIS as a booster at 6 years of age in @entity1 who previously received a three-dose primary series within the first 6 months of life and a first booster including @entity7394 , @entity116 and @entity9925 vaccine(s) given before 2 years of age.

title: Immunogenicity and safety of combined adsorbed low-dose @entity7394 , @entity116 and inactivated @entity9925 vaccine (REVAXIS (  )) versus combined @entity7394 , @entity116 and inactivated XXXX vaccine (DT Polio (  )) given as a booster dose at 6 years of age.

answer: @entity9925 :: (138950,Species) :: ['poliovirus']


abstract: The collective experience with @entity5505 in the treatment of skin, soft tissue, bone, and joint @entity281 is presented. @entity1 were treated with dosages ranging between 25 and 150 mg/kg per day for between five and 42 days. A total of 570 @entity1 with skin and @entity272 were treated with @entity5505 . Comparative studies, using either @entity5503 or @entity2890 plus @entity4967 as control drugs, included 239 @entity1 . There were 600 evaluable @entity1 in five categories of skin or skin structure infection: 252 @entity1 had @entity2688 , 107 had wound @entity281 , 103 had abscesses, 90 had skin ulcers, and 48 had other miscellaneous @entity281 . Bacteriologic etiologies were gram-negative rods in 303 episodes, gram-positive cocci in 241, anaerobes in 14 episodes, and miscellaneous other organisms in 48 episodes. Overall bacteriologic efficacy was 90 percent in @entity5505 -treated @entity281 and 76 percent in control-treated @entity281 . The clinical efficacy of @entity5505 against @entity281 caused by the gram-positive cocci, particularly Staphylococcus species, was surprisingly good (85 percent) and similar to the efficacy achieved in the @entity5503 -treated @entity1 (85 percent). The overall clinical efficacy for @entity5505 was 93 percent. One hundred thirty-four @entity1 with bone or joint @entity281 received @entity5505 . The dosages were similar, but the duration of treatment was the longest in this group. @entity5505 treatment was compared with standard dosages of @entity2890 and @entity4967 in 11 @entity1 . @entity4034 was cured in 58 of the 101 @entity1 who received @entity5505 . In five @entity1 , @entity4034 failed to respond: in two, a resistant Pseudomonas strain emerged; the other three failures were due to persistent bone sequestra. Thirty-eight @entity1 showed improvement. Of those in the @entity2890 and @entity4967 group, nine of 10 evaluable @entity1 (90 percent) showed either cure or improvement. The one failure was due to a persistent sequestrum. Thirteen @entity1 with @entity5414 and seven with @entity2585 were also treated with @entity5505 ; the overall cure rate was 75 percent. Adverse reactions to @entity5505 were severe, and the drug was discontinued in 13 of 570 (2.3 percent) @entity1 with skin or @entity272 and in five of 134 (3.7 percent) @entity1 with @entity79 . These data suggest that @entity5505 is effective as monotherapy in the treatment of skin, @entity79 , and that it may be more efficacious against @entity1793 than predicted from in vitro data.

title: Treatment of skin, @entity79 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5503 :: ('MESH:D002435', 'Chemical') :: ['cefamandole']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity5414 :: ('MESH:D001170', 'Disease') :: ['septic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['Osteomyelitis', 'osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity4967 :: ('MESH:D013982', 'Chemical') :: ['ticarcillin']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['skin structure, bone, and joint infections', 'bone and joint infections']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin structure infections']

entities_list: @entity1793 :: ('MESH:D013203', 'Disease') :: ['staphylococcal infections']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime', 'Ceftazidime']

answer: @entity5505 :: (MESH:D002442,Chemical) :: ['ceftazidime']


abstract: The collective experience with @entity5505 in the treatment of skin, soft tissue, bone, and joint @entity281 is presented. @entity1 were treated with dosages ranging between 25 and 150 mg/kg per day for between five and 42 days. A total of 570 @entity1 with skin and @entity272 were treated with @entity5505 . Comparative studies, using either @entity5503 or @entity2890 plus @entity4967 as control drugs, included 239 @entity1 . There were 600 evaluable @entity1 in five categories of skin or skin structure infection: 252 @entity1 had @entity2688 , 107 had wound @entity281 , 103 had abscesses, 90 had skin ulcers, and 48 had other miscellaneous @entity281 . Bacteriologic etiologies were gram-negative rods in 303 episodes, gram-positive cocci in 241, anaerobes in 14 episodes, and miscellaneous other organisms in 48 episodes. Overall bacteriologic efficacy was 90 percent in @entity5505 -treated @entity281 and 76 percent in control-treated @entity281 . The clinical efficacy of @entity5505 against @entity281 caused by the gram-positive cocci, particularly Staphylococcus species, was surprisingly good (85 percent) and similar to the efficacy achieved in the @entity5503 -treated @entity1 (85 percent). The overall clinical efficacy for @entity5505 was 93 percent. One hundred thirty-four @entity1 with bone or joint @entity281 received @entity5505 . The dosages were similar, but the duration of treatment was the longest in this group. @entity5505 treatment was compared with standard dosages of @entity2890 and @entity4967 in 11 @entity1 . @entity4034 was cured in 58 of the 101 @entity1 who received @entity5505 . In five @entity1 , @entity4034 failed to respond: in two, a resistant Pseudomonas strain emerged; the other three failures were due to persistent bone sequestra. Thirty-eight @entity1 showed improvement. Of those in the @entity2890 and @entity4967 group, nine of 10 evaluable @entity1 (90 percent) showed either cure or improvement. The one failure was due to a persistent sequestrum. Thirteen @entity1 with @entity5414 and seven with @entity2585 were also treated with @entity5505 ; the overall cure rate was 75 percent. Adverse reactions to @entity5505 were severe, and the drug was discontinued in 13 of 570 (2.3 percent) @entity1 with skin or @entity272 and in five of 134 (3.7 percent) @entity1 with @entity79 . These data suggest that @entity5505 is effective as monotherapy in the treatment of skin, @entity79 , and that it may be more efficacious against @entity1793 than predicted from in vitro data.

title: Treatment of skin, XXXX with @entity5505 .

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['skin structure, bone, and joint infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity174 -healing process is closely related to blood supply. Intermittent pneumatic compression of the surrounding soft tissue may alter blood flow and, therefore, modify the healing process. The object of the present study was to evaluate the effect of intermittent pneumatic compression on @entity174 -healing in an animal model. METHODS: Unilateral, transverse, mid-tibial osteotomies with a 3-mm gap were performed in thirty @entity95 . The osteotomy site was stabilized with a double-bar external fixator. The femoral vein was ligated to induce @entity2979 . Beginning on the fourth postoperative day, fifteen @entity95 were treated with intermittent pneumatic compression with use of four @entity661 , two around the distal part of the @entity291 and two around the midpart of the @entity291 , for one hour daily for four weeks (the study group) and fifteen @entity95 were not treated with intermittent pneumatic compression (the control group). Peripheral computerized tomographic examination was performed biweekly to measure callus area and mineral content at the @entity174 gap. At eight weeks, the @entity95 were killed, and the biomechanical properties of the healing fractures were evaluated with a torsional test. RESULTS: An increase in callus area and mineral content at the osteotomy gap was observed in the study group, compared with the values in the control group, starting four weeks after the index procedure. At six weeks, the @entity95 treated with intermittent pneumatic compression exhibited, on the average, a 32.2% larger callus area (p = 0.035) and a 49.7% higher mineral content (p = 0.01) at the osteotomy site compared with the values in the control group. The torsional stiffness, maximum torque, angular displacement at maximum torque, and energy required to failure of specimens in the study group were an average of 27.0% (p = 0.05), 61.5% (p = 0.0001), 35.4% (p = 0.0003), and 110.8% (p = 0.0001) higher, respectively, than those in the control group at eight weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent pneumatic compression enhanced callus mineralization and development and it improved the biomechanical properties of a healing osteotomy site in the @entity95 tibia.

title: Effect of intermittent pneumatic soft-tissue compression on XXXX -healing in an animal model.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['rubber balloons']

entities_list: @entity2979 :: ('MESH:D054070', 'Disease') :: ['venous stasis']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: The clinical and pathologic findings were studied in 68 @entity1 with primary @entity706 ( @entity3521 ). The initial sites included: tonsil (51%; 9% bilateral), nasopharynx (35%), base of tongue (9%), and multiple areas (4%). The mean age was 58 years, with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1.0. @entity5773 presented with sore throat and @entity1282 , whereas @entity706 most commonly presented with nasal, auditory, and @entity129 . A neck mass was the sole presenting symptom in 12% of @entity1 . Work-up showed 42% Stage I, 47% Stage II, 4% Stage III, and 7% Stage IV. All were @entity1893 . Diffuse architecture predominated (71%) and 70% had a histiocytic or large cell morphology (diffuse histiocytic 51%, nodular histiocytic 19%). The National @entity5 Institute (NCI) Working Formulation grades were 13% low, 81% intermediate, and 6% high. In difficult cases, detection of monoclonal immunoglobulin, absence of keratin staining, and lack of epithelial features by electron microscopy were useful adjuncts aiding in diagnosis. Following complete remission, 28 @entity1 relapsed, 75% of these within 2 years (median, 10 months). Thirty-seven (54%) @entity1 died with disease (median survival, 27 months). Of these, 89% had disseminated @entity706 . Local-regional disease was the direct cause of @entity204 in 13%. Recurrence or persistence of disease in @entity3521 occurred in 9% of cases, most with initial clinical evidence of soft tissue extension. Stage I @entity1 had a significantly better median survival (67 months) than Stage II @entity1 (20 months) (P = 0.03). Prognostically favorable histologic parameters included lower NCI Working Formulation grade and follicular architecture. Ten @entity1 (15%) developed @entity66 , eight involving the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and all died within 1 year of its occurrence. The findings indicate that stage and certain histologic parameters are important prognostic factors in @entity706 . The study confirms the association of primary @entity706 with @entity66 , particularly involving the GI tract, and emphasizes the poor prognosis of @entity1 in whom this occurs.

title: Primary XXXX . Clinicopathologic study of 68 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve sympatomatology']

entities_list: @entity5773 :: ('MESH:D014060', 'Disease') :: ['Tonsillar and base of tongue lesions']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['other extranodal disease', 'extranodal disease']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', "lymphoma of Waldeyer's ring", 'nasopharyngeal lymphomas', 'WR lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphomas"]

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma of Waldeyer's ring']


abstract: Subsets of lymphocytes in the thyroid were immunophenotyped by their surface antigens in frozen tissues of @entity2621 and @entity2743 . Using triple layer immunoperoxidase staining (IP), monoclonal antibodies (T3, Leu 3, T8, anti-Tac and @entity4755 ) were employed to detect markers of T cell subsets, activated T cells, and a natural killer associated antigen. B cells were identified by 2 step IP with anti-IgD antisera. Excluding those cells forming lymphoid follicles, the density of lymphocytes infiltrating between thyroid epithelial cells was much higher in @entity2621 than in @entity2743 . However, relative proportions of subsets were similar in both diseases. Most of the infiltrating cells were T3 positive T cells (T3+), with more T8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic T) than Leu 3+ (inducer/helper T). Some @entity4755 + were occasionally seen, but surface IgD positive mature B cells (IgD+) were almost absent. In contrast, IgD+ cells were densely aggregated in primary lymphoid follicles and mantle zones of secondary follicles. In these regions, Leu 3+ cells were about twice as frequent as T8+ cells. Some @entity4755 + and scarce Tac+ cells were also found. The present study indicates a major involvement of immunoregulatory T cells in @entity1669 , and also suggested intrathyroidal maturation of B cells.

title: Immunohistological phenotyping of thyroid infiltrating lymphocytes in XXXX and @entity2621 .

entities_list: @entity2621 :: ('MESH:D050031', 'Disease') :: ["Hashimoto's thyroiditis"]

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroid disease']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease"]

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: Subsets of lymphocytes in the thyroid were immunophenotyped by their surface antigens in frozen tissues of @entity2621 and @entity2743 . Using triple layer immunoperoxidase staining (IP), monoclonal antibodies (T3, Leu 3, T8, anti-Tac and @entity4755 ) were employed to detect markers of T cell subsets, activated T cells, and a natural killer associated antigen. B cells were identified by 2 step IP with anti-IgD antisera. Excluding those cells forming lymphoid follicles, the density of lymphocytes infiltrating between thyroid epithelial cells was much higher in @entity2621 than in @entity2743 . However, relative proportions of subsets were similar in both diseases. Most of the infiltrating cells were T3 positive T cells (T3+), with more T8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic T) than Leu 3+ (inducer/helper T). Some @entity4755 + were occasionally seen, but surface IgD positive mature B cells (IgD+) were almost absent. In contrast, IgD+ cells were densely aggregated in primary lymphoid follicles and mantle zones of secondary follicles. In these regions, Leu 3+ cells were about twice as frequent as T8+ cells. Some @entity4755 + and scarce Tac+ cells were also found. The present study indicates a major involvement of immunoregulatory T cells in @entity1669 , and also suggested intrathyroidal maturation of B cells.

title: Immunohistological phenotyping of thyroid infiltrating lymphocytes in @entity2743 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2621 :: (MESH:D050031,Disease) :: ['Hashimoto's thyroiditis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are frequently present in @entity1 @entity5 with CD8+(-)T-cells as effector and CD4+ T-cells as helper cells. Despite the well established knowledge about @entity5 , only little is known about metastatic disease, especially for liver @entity3 . The role of the innate immune system in the @entity5 defence is still enigmatic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a subtyping of TIL in 20 liver @entity3 . Using immunohistochemistry, CD20+, CD3+, CD56+, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, gamma/delta-T-cells and alpha/beta-T-cells in the @entity5 , the peritumoral region, portal tracts and lobules were investigated. RESULTS: The immune response was highly accentuated in the surroundings of the @entity3 with only few lymphocytes in the @entity5 itself. There was a dominance of CD3+(-)CD4+(-)alpha/beta-T-cells with a lower number of CD8+(-)T-cells. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio was 6:1. CD56+(-)NK/NKT-cells and gamma/delta-T-cells were rare. No differences were found between @entity3 from different primaries or according to the number or diameter of the @entity3 . CONCLUSION: TIL are part of an interaction between the @entity3 and the liver. Among them CD4+ T-cells seem to have a unique independent function in @entity5 response. The localization of the immune response in the @entity5 periphery might be a reason for insufficient @entity5 defense. A defect in the innate immune system could be a reason for the escape of the @entity3 cells from @entity5 surveillance.

title: Dominance of CD4+ alpha/beta T-cells and inferior role of innate immune reaction in liver XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic tumor']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1814 , a new analog of @entity900 , has been developed and marketed in recent years in Japan. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and @entity137 of a regimen of @entity1814 and @entity1487 with radiation in @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and December 2002, 42 @entity1 with advanced and unresectable @entity1721 ( @entity957 ) were enrolled into this study. Twenty-five of these 42 @entity1 were considered to have inoperable @entity5 due to distant organ @entity3 , distant lymph node @entity3 , severe organ dysfunction and rejection of surgery by the @entity1 . The remaining 17 @entity1 received neoadjuvant treatment followed by surgery. The clinical responses of the @entity5 were evaluated. RESULTS: Response and @entity137 could be assessed in 22 of the 25 @entity1 with unresectable esophageal @entity957 . Two of these 22 achieved a complete response (CR), 15 had a partial response (PR) and 5 showed no change (NC). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 77%. The one- and 2-year survival rates were 30.7% and 10.2%, respectively, with a @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of 10.1 months. Of the 17 @entity1 who received neoadjuvant treatment, 14 underwent subsequent surgery. Preoperatively, 2 of these 17 @entity1 achieved a CR, 10 had a PR and 5 showed NC. The overall response rate for all 39 @entity1 was 74%. The pathological complete response (pCR) rate of the 14 @entity1 who underwent surgery was 28.6%. Their one- and 2-year survival rates were 48.2% and 12.1%, respectively, with an @entity1349 of 12.2 months. @entity137 was evaluated in the 39 @entity1 whose responses were assessed. @entity137 higher than grade 3 occurred in 8 out of 39 (20.5%) @entity1 , and 6 (15.4%), 3 (7.7%) and one (2.6%) had grade 3 @entity1431 , @entity882 and @entity417 , respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study indicates that combination chemoradiotherapy with @entity1814 and @entity1487 is safe and efficacious for @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . We recommend further evaluation of this treatment regimen in such @entity1 .

title: Efficacy and XXXX of @entity1814 and @entity1487 with radiation treatment for advanced @entity418 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1814 :: ('MESH:C053989', 'Chemical') :: ['Nedaplatin', 'nedaplatin']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['median survival time', 'MST']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1814 , a new analog of @entity900 , has been developed and marketed in recent years in Japan. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and @entity137 of a regimen of @entity1814 and @entity1487 with radiation in @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and December 2002, 42 @entity1 with advanced and unresectable @entity1721 ( @entity957 ) were enrolled into this study. Twenty-five of these 42 @entity1 were considered to have inoperable @entity5 due to distant organ @entity3 , distant lymph node @entity3 , severe organ dysfunction and rejection of surgery by the @entity1 . The remaining 17 @entity1 received neoadjuvant treatment followed by surgery. The clinical responses of the @entity5 were evaluated. RESULTS: Response and @entity137 could be assessed in 22 of the 25 @entity1 with unresectable esophageal @entity957 . Two of these 22 achieved a complete response (CR), 15 had a partial response (PR) and 5 showed no change (NC). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 77%. The one- and 2-year survival rates were 30.7% and 10.2%, respectively, with a @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of 10.1 months. Of the 17 @entity1 who received neoadjuvant treatment, 14 underwent subsequent surgery. Preoperatively, 2 of these 17 @entity1 achieved a CR, 10 had a PR and 5 showed NC. The overall response rate for all 39 @entity1 was 74%. The pathological complete response (pCR) rate of the 14 @entity1 who underwent surgery was 28.6%. Their one- and 2-year survival rates were 48.2% and 12.1%, respectively, with an @entity1349 of 12.2 months. @entity137 was evaluated in the 39 @entity1 whose responses were assessed. @entity137 higher than grade 3 occurred in 8 out of 39 (20.5%) @entity1 , and 6 (15.4%), 3 (7.7%) and one (2.6%) had grade 3 @entity1431 , @entity882 and @entity417 , respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study indicates that combination chemoradiotherapy with @entity1814 and @entity1487 is safe and efficacious for @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . We recommend further evaluation of this treatment regimen in such @entity1 .

title: Efficacy and @entity137 of @entity1814 and @entity1487 with radiation treatment for advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1814 , a new analog of @entity900 , has been developed and marketed in recent years in Japan. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and @entity137 of a regimen of @entity1814 and @entity1487 with radiation in @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and December 2002, 42 @entity1 with advanced and unresectable @entity1721 ( @entity957 ) were enrolled into this study. Twenty-five of these 42 @entity1 were considered to have inoperable @entity5 due to distant organ @entity3 , distant lymph node @entity3 , severe organ dysfunction and rejection of surgery by the @entity1 . The remaining 17 @entity1 received neoadjuvant treatment followed by surgery. The clinical responses of the @entity5 were evaluated. RESULTS: Response and @entity137 could be assessed in 22 of the 25 @entity1 with unresectable esophageal @entity957 . Two of these 22 achieved a complete response (CR), 15 had a partial response (PR) and 5 showed no change (NC). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 77%. The one- and 2-year survival rates were 30.7% and 10.2%, respectively, with a @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of 10.1 months. Of the 17 @entity1 who received neoadjuvant treatment, 14 underwent subsequent surgery. Preoperatively, 2 of these 17 @entity1 achieved a CR, 10 had a PR and 5 showed NC. The overall response rate for all 39 @entity1 was 74%. The pathological complete response (pCR) rate of the 14 @entity1 who underwent surgery was 28.6%. Their one- and 2-year survival rates were 48.2% and 12.1%, respectively, with an @entity1349 of 12.2 months. @entity137 was evaluated in the 39 @entity1 whose responses were assessed. @entity137 higher than grade 3 occurred in 8 out of 39 (20.5%) @entity1 , and 6 (15.4%), 3 (7.7%) and one (2.6%) had grade 3 @entity1431 , @entity882 and @entity417 , respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study indicates that combination chemoradiotherapy with @entity1814 and @entity1487 is safe and efficacious for @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . We recommend further evaluation of this treatment regimen in such @entity1 .

title: Efficacy and @entity137 of XXXX and @entity1487 with radiation treatment for advanced @entity418 .

answer: @entity1814 :: (MESH:C053989,Chemical) :: ['nedaplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1814 , a new analog of @entity900 , has been developed and marketed in recent years in Japan. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and @entity137 of a regimen of @entity1814 and @entity1487 with radiation in @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and December 2002, 42 @entity1 with advanced and unresectable @entity1721 ( @entity957 ) were enrolled into this study. Twenty-five of these 42 @entity1 were considered to have inoperable @entity5 due to distant organ @entity3 , distant lymph node @entity3 , severe organ dysfunction and rejection of surgery by the @entity1 . The remaining 17 @entity1 received neoadjuvant treatment followed by surgery. The clinical responses of the @entity5 were evaluated. RESULTS: Response and @entity137 could be assessed in 22 of the 25 @entity1 with unresectable esophageal @entity957 . Two of these 22 achieved a complete response (CR), 15 had a partial response (PR) and 5 showed no change (NC). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 77%. The one- and 2-year survival rates were 30.7% and 10.2%, respectively, with a @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of 10.1 months. Of the 17 @entity1 who received neoadjuvant treatment, 14 underwent subsequent surgery. Preoperatively, 2 of these 17 @entity1 achieved a CR, 10 had a PR and 5 showed NC. The overall response rate for all 39 @entity1 was 74%. The pathological complete response (pCR) rate of the 14 @entity1 who underwent surgery was 28.6%. Their one- and 2-year survival rates were 48.2% and 12.1%, respectively, with an @entity1349 of 12.2 months. @entity137 was evaluated in the 39 @entity1 whose responses were assessed. @entity137 higher than grade 3 occurred in 8 out of 39 (20.5%) @entity1 , and 6 (15.4%), 3 (7.7%) and one (2.6%) had grade 3 @entity1431 , @entity882 and @entity417 , respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study indicates that combination chemoradiotherapy with @entity1814 and @entity1487 is safe and efficacious for @entity1 with advanced @entity418 . We recommend further evaluation of this treatment regimen in such @entity1 .

title: Efficacy and @entity137 of @entity1814 and XXXX with radiation treatment for advanced @entity418 .

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-FU']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity706 rarely affects the genitourinary tract. We present a case of @entity706 of the female urethra and review the associated literature to evaluate the management and prognosis. MATERIALS AND RESULTS: A 69-year-old @entity1 presented with a 3-month history of @entity3833 and a red mass at the external urethra without @entity3329 . Pathological examination revealed @entity706 . She was treated with excision of the mass and chemotherapy. Six months later she showed no urethral or other recurrence. An additional 17 cases similar to this one were found in the literature. The one-year survival rate was 91% for local stage and less than 35% for disseminated stage. A significant difference was observed between survival rates (log rank test; p = 0.013). CONCLUSION: It appears that therapy including excision, radiation and chemotherapy is effective for @entity1 with local stage but not for @entity1 with disseminated stage.

title: Primary XXXX of the female urethra.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant lymphoma', 'malignant lymphoma']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['malignant lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6962 is one of the less common @entity5 of the lung and is composed of a mixture of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements of the type ordinarily seen in @entity5 of adults. The @entity3909 component is mostly epidermoid and sometimes adenomatoid or undifferentiated. The mesenchymal part is mostly a spindle cell @entity242 and sometimes a polymorphocellular @entity242 . Differentiation as @entity421 and @entity511 is rare. CASE REPORT: This report describes the case of a @entity1 with @entity6962 of the lung composed of @entity957 and @entity511 . A left hilar mass was incidentally diagnosed. The @entity1 was submitted to surgical exploration and a left lower lobectomy with dissection of local lymph nodes was performed. At microscopy the @entity5 was composed of both epithelial and stromal malignant component. The epithelial component consisted of poorly-differentiated @entity957 and the stromal component consisted of @entity511 . He remains well 30 months later. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of @entity1 with @entity6962 is not always unfavourable. Potentially curative surgical resections should always be attempted. Pathologists should be aware of a wrong diagnosis of undifferentiated @entity151 which eliminates the @entity1 from surgery.

title: Squamocellular carcinoma and XXXX : a true pulmonary carcinosarcoma. Report of a case.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'epidermoid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3909 :: ('MESH:D055756', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatous']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6962 :: ('MESH:D002296', 'Disease') :: ['carcinosarcoma', 'Carcinosarcoma']

answer: @entity511 :: (MESH:D002813,Disease) :: ['chondrosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The majority of @entity2194 are @entity1892 . Ocular involvement by @entity784 is rare. We report a case of @entity1035 due to direct involvement of the corneal limbus by @entity706 in a @entity1 with S  zary syndrome. METHODS: A 58-year-old male with @entity784 presented with @entity158 , left-sided corneal ulceration, a dense infiltrate, severe epitheliopathy, hypopyon and a diffuse confluent @entity1909 involving the lids. He had a history of S  zary syndrome. Despite maximal treatment, this severe @entity3283 progressed to central @entity1035 . The eye was subsequently enucleated and submitted for histopathological examination. RESULTS: Histopathological examination confirmed corneal ulceration with perforation. There was an infiltrate of large atypical cells at the limbus, with tropism for the overlying epithelium. Immunohistochemical staining of these cells was positive for @entity3138 , CD3, @entity5893 , @entity404 and @entity4587 . Staining for @entity405 , @entity5823 and @entity2940 was negative. The appearances were those of an epitheliotrophic @entity784 , and were considered to represent spread from the @entity1 's underlying S  zary syndrome. The @entity1 died 2  months later from @entity3127 . CONCLUSIONS: Ocular involvement by @entity784 usually occurs in @entity1442 , and carries a poor prognosis. This @entity1 was immunocompromised due to advanced @entity5 , and there was a high suspicion of @entity281 as the primary cause of corneal ulceration. This case highlights that it is important to consider @entity5 as an initiating or contributing factor for corneal ulceration in such @entity1 .

title: XXXX due to limbal involvement in S  zary syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas involving the eye and ocular adnexa']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['direct tumour infiltration', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphoma', 'cutaneous T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1035 :: ('MESH:D057112', 'Disease') :: ['corneal perforation']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity3283 :: ('MESH:D003320', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative keratitis']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity3127 :: ('MESH:D001996', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

answer: @entity1035 :: (MESH:D057112,Disease) :: ['Corneal perforation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this prospective randomized controlled study was to investigate the effect of nutritional supplementation on postoperative oxidative stress and duration of hospitalization in elderly @entity1 with @entity173 . METHODS: A total of fourteen @entity1 (= SG) with @entity173 received individually adapted supplements enriched with protein and antioxidants postoperatively, nine served as unsupplemented controls (= CG). Blood samples were taken preoperatively (T1), on the day of discharge from hospital (T2) and three weeks thereafter (T3). Plasma concentrations of albumin and total protein (TP) were measured by autoanalysis, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined photometrically. @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) levels were analyzed by HPLC. RESULTS: Postoperatively, there was a significant (T1 > T2, p< 0.01) decrease in plasma albumin, TP and TAC, followed by a significant (p< 0.05) increase in the period T2-T3 in the CG, but not in the SG. This resulted in significant differences in TP (T2: SG > CG, p< 0.05) and TAC (T2: SG > CG, p< 0.01) between the investigated groups. Postoperatively, the plasma levels of AOPP and @entity1865 increased significantly (T1 < T2, p< 0.01) in both groups, and remained at the significantly (AOPP: T1 < T3, p< 0.05; @entity1865 : T1 < T3, p< 0.01) elevated level in the CG, but not in the SG (T2 > T3, p< 0.01). Consequently, the oxidant markers @entity1865 and AOPP were significantly positively (p< 0.01), TAC and albumin significantly negatively (p< 0.05) related to duration of hospital stay in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Individualized nutritional supplementation may reduce postoperative oxidative stress and shorten duration of hospitalization in @entity1 with @entity173 .

title: Nutritional supplementation affects postoperative oxidative stress and duration of hospitalization in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['Malondialdehyde']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip fracture']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this prospective randomized controlled study was to investigate the effect of nutritional supplementation on postoperative oxidative stress and duration of hospitalization in elderly @entity1 with @entity173 . METHODS: A total of fourteen @entity1 (= SG) with @entity173 received individually adapted supplements enriched with protein and antioxidants postoperatively, nine served as unsupplemented controls (= CG). Blood samples were taken preoperatively (T1), on the day of discharge from hospital (T2) and three weeks thereafter (T3). Plasma concentrations of albumin and total protein (TP) were measured by autoanalysis, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined photometrically. @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) levels were analyzed by HPLC. RESULTS: Postoperatively, there was a significant (T1 > T2, p< 0.01) decrease in plasma albumin, TP and TAC, followed by a significant (p< 0.05) increase in the period T2-T3 in the CG, but not in the SG. This resulted in significant differences in TP (T2: SG > CG, p< 0.05) and TAC (T2: SG > CG, p< 0.01) between the investigated groups. Postoperatively, the plasma levels of AOPP and @entity1865 increased significantly (T1 < T2, p< 0.01) in both groups, and remained at the significantly (AOPP: T1 < T3, p< 0.05; @entity1865 : T1 < T3, p< 0.01) elevated level in the CG, but not in the SG (T2 > T3, p< 0.01). Consequently, the oxidant markers @entity1865 and AOPP were significantly positively (p< 0.01), TAC and albumin significantly negatively (p< 0.05) related to duration of hospital stay in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Individualized nutritional supplementation may reduce postoperative oxidative stress and shorten duration of hospitalization in @entity1 with @entity173 .

title: Nutritional supplementation affects postoperative oxidative stress and duration of hospitalization in XXXX with @entity173 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']