abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ), @entity439 are associated with @entity1165 , @entity712 , apical @entity715 , and mortality. The cause of @entity439 remains unresolved, and there is controversy about prevalence and significance of mid-left ventricular (LV) obstruction, often present in these @entity1 . The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that low velocities in @entity1 with @entity439 are due to near complete cessation of mid-LV flow, characteristically marked by a Doppler signal void. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of 39 @entity1 with @entity1121 with segmental @entity1184 of the mid left ventricle and complete systolic emptying at the mid-LV level. The severity of @entity3885 was evaluated by measuring the time during which cross-sectional mid-LV cavity area was <1  cm(2). Presence or absence of an LV Doppler midsystolic signal void was determined. RESULTS: Akinetic @entity439 were present in 21 @entity1 . The duration of two-dimensional mid-LV short-axis complete emptying was longer in @entity1 with @entity439 (194      45 vs 148      63  msec, P  =  .013), nearly 50% of systole. Midsystolic signal voids were seen only in @entity1 with @entity439 (P  <  .001), present in 86%. In @entity1 with @entity439 , there was a strong correlation between the duration of the systolic signal void and the proportion of systole with complete emptying <1  cm(2) (r  =  0.704; P  =  .001). Complete emptying <1  cm(2) for >= 38% of systole was associated with @entity439 (odds ratio, 9.35; P  <  .004). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity2845 apical @entity439 @entity1121 have near complete cessation of flow across severe dynamic mid-LV obstruction for nearly 50% of systole. This explains how the adverse effects of obstruction may occur without high velocities on echocardiography.

title: Doppler Systolic Signal Void in @entity1121 : Apical XXXX and Severe Obstruction without Elevated Intraventricular  Velocities.

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['Aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the feasibility of chemosensitivity testing by use of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) samples and determines the optimum cut-off value for @entity136 . METHODS: Thirty-four consecutive @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 were enrolled. Chemosensitivity (treated/control ratio: T/C ratio) was calculated as the quantity of @entity855 for a @entity5 treated with @entity136 as a percentage of that for the control. To identify the cut-off value sufficient to predict 180  days of progression-free survival (PFS), the receiver operating characteristic curve and the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. RESULTS: The success of this assay was 88.2% (30/34); therefore, 30 @entity1 were assessable and included in the population of analyzable @entity1 .. The response was 6.7%. Median PFS was 96  days and median overall survival was 241  days, respectively. The cut-off value was determined as 74% (AUC, 0.745; p  =  0.053; 95% CI 0.485-1.005). According to this cut-off value, we predicted 180  days PFS with a sensitivity and specificity of 71.4 and 91.3%, respectively. When @entity1 were divided into two groups at T/C ratio 74%, a significant difference was found in PFS (median 77 vs. 205  days, p  =  0.0036). Moreover, T/C ratio  <  74% and decrease of CA19-9 were significant and independent prognostic factors by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Chemosensitivity testing by use of EUS-FNA samples in @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 is feasible. This definition emphasizes the possibility of selecting @entity1 for whom favorable results from @entity136 treatment can be expected.

title: @entity855 assay-guided chemosensitivity testing for @entity136 with biopsy specimens obtained from unresectable XXXX using endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the feasibility of chemosensitivity testing by use of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) samples and determines the optimum cut-off value for @entity136 . METHODS: Thirty-four consecutive @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 were enrolled. Chemosensitivity (treated/control ratio: T/C ratio) was calculated as the quantity of @entity855 for a @entity5 treated with @entity136 as a percentage of that for the control. To identify the cut-off value sufficient to predict 180  days of progression-free survival (PFS), the receiver operating characteristic curve and the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. RESULTS: The success of this assay was 88.2% (30/34); therefore, 30 @entity1 were assessable and included in the population of analyzable @entity1 .. The response was 6.7%. Median PFS was 96  days and median overall survival was 241  days, respectively. The cut-off value was determined as 74% (AUC, 0.745; p  =  0.053; 95% CI 0.485-1.005). According to this cut-off value, we predicted 180  days PFS with a sensitivity and specificity of 71.4 and 91.3%, respectively. When @entity1 were divided into two groups at T/C ratio 74%, a significant difference was found in PFS (median 77 vs. 205  days, p  =  0.0036). Moreover, T/C ratio  <  74% and decrease of CA19-9 were significant and independent prognostic factors by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Chemosensitivity testing by use of EUS-FNA samples in @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 is feasible. This definition emphasizes the possibility of selecting @entity1 for whom favorable results from @entity136 treatment can be expected.

title: XXXX assay-guided chemosensitivity testing for @entity136 with biopsy specimens obtained from unresectable @entity788 using endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration.

answer: @entity855 :: (MESH:D000255,Chemical) :: ['ATP']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the feasibility of chemosensitivity testing by use of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) samples and determines the optimum cut-off value for @entity136 . METHODS: Thirty-four consecutive @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 were enrolled. Chemosensitivity (treated/control ratio: T/C ratio) was calculated as the quantity of @entity855 for a @entity5 treated with @entity136 as a percentage of that for the control. To identify the cut-off value sufficient to predict 180  days of progression-free survival (PFS), the receiver operating characteristic curve and the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. RESULTS: The success of this assay was 88.2% (30/34); therefore, 30 @entity1 were assessable and included in the population of analyzable @entity1 .. The response was 6.7%. Median PFS was 96  days and median overall survival was 241  days, respectively. The cut-off value was determined as 74% (AUC, 0.745; p  =  0.053; 95% CI 0.485-1.005). According to this cut-off value, we predicted 180  days PFS with a sensitivity and specificity of 71.4 and 91.3%, respectively. When @entity1 were divided into two groups at T/C ratio 74%, a significant difference was found in PFS (median 77 vs. 205  days, p  =  0.0036). Moreover, T/C ratio  <  74% and decrease of CA19-9 were significant and independent prognostic factors by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Chemosensitivity testing by use of EUS-FNA samples in @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 is feasible. This definition emphasizes the possibility of selecting @entity1 for whom favorable results from @entity136 treatment can be expected.

title: @entity855 assay-guided chemosensitivity testing for XXXX with biopsy specimens obtained from unresectable @entity788 using endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration.

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of some of the Mucus Core Proteins (MUC) @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 in @entity356 , to assess their prognostic values and their relations with the clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS: @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 expressions were investigated immunohistochemically in 257 @entity1 with @entity356 . RESULTS: @entity2355 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation (92.6% in well differentiated @entity5 , 83.7% in poorly differentiated @entity5 ), with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes (98.4% in @entity5 with no metastatic lymph nodes, 67.9% in @entity5 with lymph node metastasis-pN3), and with the progression in the @entity5 stage (100% in stage 1 @entity5 , 75.6% in stage 4 @entity5 ). @entity2355 expression was lower in distant @entity3 (83.3% in distant @entity3 and 90.8% in @entity5 ). There was no staining with @entity5091 in normal gastric epithelium; however, de novo expressions appeared in tumoral tissues. In @entity356 ( @entity2580 ), @entity5091 expression was higher (97.5% in diffuse type and 89.4% in intestinal type). All of the @entity189 were @entity5091 -positive. The expression rate decreased with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes and with the progression in the TNM stages of the cases. All of the @entity5 with intestinal metaplasia were @entity5091 -positive. @entity5089 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation, with an increase in the @entity5 invasion depth, and with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes. @entity5089 expression was higher in @entity4056 (48.4%) than in the diffuse type (10%). The lowest expression rate was in the diffuse type according to the Borrmann's macroscopic classification. All of these results were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When each of these three markers is evaluated, in the light of clinical and pathological parameters, @entity2355 and @entity5089 may be accepted as significant prognostic parameters and may be useful in showing the progression of the @entity5 ; @entity5091 may be used in determining the @entity189 .

title: Prognostic significance of XXXX , @entity5091 and @entity5089 expressions in @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'nonmetastatic tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2580 :: ('MESH:D018279', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous and signet ring cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4056 :: ('MESH:D007414', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal type carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse gastric carcinomas', 'gastric carcinomas']

answer: @entity2355 :: (4582,Gene) :: ['MUC1']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of some of the Mucus Core Proteins (MUC) @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 in @entity356 , to assess their prognostic values and their relations with the clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS: @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 expressions were investigated immunohistochemically in 257 @entity1 with @entity356 . RESULTS: @entity2355 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation (92.6% in well differentiated @entity5 , 83.7% in poorly differentiated @entity5 ), with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes (98.4% in @entity5 with no metastatic lymph nodes, 67.9% in @entity5 with lymph node metastasis-pN3), and with the progression in the @entity5 stage (100% in stage 1 @entity5 , 75.6% in stage 4 @entity5 ). @entity2355 expression was lower in distant @entity3 (83.3% in distant @entity3 and 90.8% in @entity5 ). There was no staining with @entity5091 in normal gastric epithelium; however, de novo expressions appeared in tumoral tissues. In @entity356 ( @entity2580 ), @entity5091 expression was higher (97.5% in diffuse type and 89.4% in intestinal type). All of the @entity189 were @entity5091 -positive. The expression rate decreased with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes and with the progression in the TNM stages of the cases. All of the @entity5 with intestinal metaplasia were @entity5091 -positive. @entity5089 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation, with an increase in the @entity5 invasion depth, and with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes. @entity5089 expression was higher in @entity4056 (48.4%) than in the diffuse type (10%). The lowest expression rate was in the diffuse type according to the Borrmann's macroscopic classification. All of these results were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When each of these three markers is evaluated, in the light of clinical and pathological parameters, @entity2355 and @entity5089 may be accepted as significant prognostic parameters and may be useful in showing the progression of the @entity5 ; @entity5091 may be used in determining the @entity189 .

title: Prognostic significance of @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 expressions in XXXX .

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of some of the Mucus Core Proteins (MUC) @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 in @entity356 , to assess their prognostic values and their relations with the clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS: @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 expressions were investigated immunohistochemically in 257 @entity1 with @entity356 . RESULTS: @entity2355 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation (92.6% in well differentiated @entity5 , 83.7% in poorly differentiated @entity5 ), with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes (98.4% in @entity5 with no metastatic lymph nodes, 67.9% in @entity5 with lymph node metastasis-pN3), and with the progression in the @entity5 stage (100% in stage 1 @entity5 , 75.6% in stage 4 @entity5 ). @entity2355 expression was lower in distant @entity3 (83.3% in distant @entity3 and 90.8% in @entity5 ). There was no staining with @entity5091 in normal gastric epithelium; however, de novo expressions appeared in tumoral tissues. In @entity356 ( @entity2580 ), @entity5091 expression was higher (97.5% in diffuse type and 89.4% in intestinal type). All of the @entity189 were @entity5091 -positive. The expression rate decreased with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes and with the progression in the TNM stages of the cases. All of the @entity5 with intestinal metaplasia were @entity5091 -positive. @entity5089 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation, with an increase in the @entity5 invasion depth, and with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes. @entity5089 expression was higher in @entity4056 (48.4%) than in the diffuse type (10%). The lowest expression rate was in the diffuse type according to the Borrmann's macroscopic classification. All of these results were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When each of these three markers is evaluated, in the light of clinical and pathological parameters, @entity2355 and @entity5089 may be accepted as significant prognostic parameters and may be useful in showing the progression of the @entity5 ; @entity5091 may be used in determining the @entity189 .

title: Prognostic significance of @entity2355 , @entity5091 and XXXX expressions in @entity356 .

answer: @entity5089 :: (4586,Gene) :: ['MUC5AC']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of some of the Mucus Core Proteins (MUC) @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 in @entity356 , to assess their prognostic values and their relations with the clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS: @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity5089 expressions were investigated immunohistochemically in 257 @entity1 with @entity356 . RESULTS: @entity2355 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation (92.6% in well differentiated @entity5 , 83.7% in poorly differentiated @entity5 ), with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes (98.4% in @entity5 with no metastatic lymph nodes, 67.9% in @entity5 with lymph node metastasis-pN3), and with the progression in the @entity5 stage (100% in stage 1 @entity5 , 75.6% in stage 4 @entity5 ). @entity2355 expression was lower in distant @entity3 (83.3% in distant @entity3 and 90.8% in @entity5 ). There was no staining with @entity5091 in normal gastric epithelium; however, de novo expressions appeared in tumoral tissues. In @entity356 ( @entity2580 ), @entity5091 expression was higher (97.5% in diffuse type and 89.4% in intestinal type). All of the @entity189 were @entity5091 -positive. The expression rate decreased with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes and with the progression in the TNM stages of the cases. All of the @entity5 with intestinal metaplasia were @entity5091 -positive. @entity5089 was strongly expressed in normal gastric epithelium; however, the expression rate decreased with the loss of @entity5 differentiation, with an increase in the @entity5 invasion depth, and with an increase in the number of metastatic lymph nodes. @entity5089 expression was higher in @entity4056 (48.4%) than in the diffuse type (10%). The lowest expression rate was in the diffuse type according to the Borrmann's macroscopic classification. All of these results were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When each of these three markers is evaluated, in the light of clinical and pathological parameters, @entity2355 and @entity5089 may be accepted as significant prognostic parameters and may be useful in showing the progression of the @entity5 ; @entity5091 may be used in determining the @entity189 .

title: Prognostic significance of @entity2355 , XXXX and @entity5089 expressions in @entity356 .

answer: @entity5091 :: (4583,Gene) :: ['MUC2']


abstract: Tissue @entity26 tensions were measured in the @entity35 9L @entity3038 under conditions of normal air breathing or @entity15436 breathing and after intravenous administration of a hemoglobin solution with air breathing or @entity15436 breathing. Administration of the hemoglobin decreased the level of @entity519 in the @entity5 . Treatment of the animals with the antiangiogenic combination of @entity10822 and @entity1214 also increased @entity5 oxygenation compared with untreated controls. Treatment with the antiangiogenic agents along with administration of the hemoglobin solution/ @entity15436 breathing decreased the @entity519 fraction (% @entity4095 readings < or = 5 mmHg) from 71 % to 30%. Treatment of the @entity5 -bearing animals with BCNU or @entity632 modestly reduced @entity519 in the @entity5 , while treatment with fractionated radiation markedly increased @entity519 in the @entity5 . @entity5 growth delay was used to assess the response of the subcutaneous @entity5 to the various treatment combinations. There was a strong correlation between increased therapeutic response and @entity5 . @entity5 growth delay from BCNU increased from 5.3 days to 16.4 days with @entity10822 /- @entity1214 /hemoglobin solution/ @entity15436 . Similarly, the @entity5 growth delay from @entity632 increased from 3.9 days to 17.0 days with @entity10822 / @entity1214 /hemoglobin solution/ @entity15436 . Finally, the @entity5 growth delay from fractionated radiation increased from 4.8 days to 13.3 days with @entity10822 / @entity1214 /hemoglobin solution/ @entity15436 . When @entity11256 was added to the complete radiation regimen, the @entity5 growth delay increased further to 20.5 days. These data show that the addition of non-toxic agents that increase @entity5 oxygenation to cytotoxic therapies can markedly increase therapeutic response.

title: Increased efficacy of chemo- and radio-therapy by a hemoglobin solution in the 9L XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3038 :: ('MESH:D018316', 'Disease') :: ['gliosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity1214 :: ('MESH:D008911', 'Chemical') :: ['minocycline']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'decreased tumor hypoxia', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity11256 :: ('MESH:D017341', 'Chemical') :: ['etanidazole']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity3038 :: (MESH:D018316,Disease) :: ['gliosarcoma']


abstract: A 54-year-old @entity1 was admitted for mitral valvular repair. After folding plasty to A3, a 30 mm Cosgrove-Edwards ring was placed. There was no @entity339 jet observed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during the operation. However, @entity101 was monitored and treated in the intensive care unit, @entity5714 developed, and the serum @entity880 dehydrogenase level was elevated. Two weeks after the operation, serum @entity880 dehydrogenase was again elevated. TEE showed mild @entity339 and the regurgitation jet colliding with the annuloplasty ring. Multiple transfusions of red blood cells were required. Repeat surgery was therefore undertaken. @entity66839 and associates previously studying @entity1 on @entity2142 after mitral valvular repair noted high grade @entity339 jets fragmented or accelerated. In the present case, @entity339 was mild, but the high velocity and manner of regurgitation (collision with the annuloplasty ring) could cause @entity5714 . In the present case, @entity101 might have caused chordae @entity397 . Furthermore, a flexible ring, such as the Cosgrove-Edwards ring, is likely to cause @entity5714 . As contributing factors to @entity2142 after mitral valvular repair, perioperative blood pressure management and type of ring are significant.

title: [A Case of Mitral Valvular Re-repair in a @entity1 with XXXX after Mitral Valvular Repair].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity5714 :: ('MESH:D000743', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic anemia']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

answer: @entity5714 :: (MESH:D000743,Disease) :: ['Hemolytic Anemia']


abstract: A 54-year-old @entity1 was admitted for mitral valvular repair. After folding plasty to A3, a 30 mm Cosgrove-Edwards ring was placed. There was no @entity339 jet observed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during the operation. However, @entity101 was monitored and treated in the intensive care unit, @entity5714 developed, and the serum @entity880 dehydrogenase level was elevated. Two weeks after the operation, serum @entity880 dehydrogenase was again elevated. TEE showed mild @entity339 and the regurgitation jet colliding with the annuloplasty ring. Multiple transfusions of red blood cells were required. Repeat surgery was therefore undertaken. @entity66839 and associates previously studying @entity1 on @entity2142 after mitral valvular repair noted high grade @entity339 jets fragmented or accelerated. In the present case, @entity339 was mild, but the high velocity and manner of regurgitation (collision with the annuloplasty ring) could cause @entity5714 . In the present case, @entity101 might have caused chordae @entity397 . Furthermore, a flexible ring, such as the Cosgrove-Edwards ring, is likely to cause @entity5714 . As contributing factors to @entity2142 after mitral valvular repair, perioperative blood pressure management and type of ring are significant.

title: [A Case of Mitral Valvular Re-repair in a XXXX with @entity5714 after Mitral Valvular Repair].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4034 of the mandible (DSO) is a rare and poorly understood disease. Current treatment protocols, including @entity479 or analgesic medication and corticotomies, show poor or frustrating outcome results and are accompanied by potentially severe side effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a beneficial role of infusions with @entity1568 -containing @entity171 ( @entity7923 ) in acute conditions of DSO. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eleven @entity1 were enrolled in the study. In acute conditions of treatment-resistant DSO, single-shot infusions of @entity7923 (6  mg) were administered. @entity158 levels were documented 10 days before and after the infusion on a visual analogue scale (VAS). @entity1 were monitored regularly. RESULTS: Of the 11 @entity1 , 10 showed a distinct improvement in @entity158 (based on VAS scores) within 48-72  h after infusion. The @entity158 levels of the @entity1 were significantly lower after @entity7923 infusions (p  <  0.01). The majority of @entity1 were free or almost free of complaints over the following months. Four of the 11 @entity1 returned for repeated infusions. At the time of writing, no severe side effects have been observed, and in particular there has been no case of medication-related @entity89 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that single-shot @entity5520 infusions on demand are promising treatment alternatives in acute DSO. Single-shot @entity5520 infusions of @entity7923 were well tolerated and resulted in distinct, long lasting improvement in subjective @entity158 levels based on VAS scores.

title: @entity7923 treatment of XXXX of the mandible: @entity158 relief and insight into pathogenesis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity7923 :: ('MESH:C073007', 'Chemical') :: ['ibandronate']

entities_list: @entity5520 :: ('D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonate']

entities_list: @entity89 :: ('MESH:D007571', 'Disease') :: ['jaw osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity4034 :: (MESH:D010019,Disease) :: ['diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4034 of the mandible (DSO) is a rare and poorly understood disease. Current treatment protocols, including @entity479 or analgesic medication and corticotomies, show poor or frustrating outcome results and are accompanied by potentially severe side effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a beneficial role of infusions with @entity1568 -containing @entity171 ( @entity7923 ) in acute conditions of DSO. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eleven @entity1 were enrolled in the study. In acute conditions of treatment-resistant DSO, single-shot infusions of @entity7923 (6  mg) were administered. @entity158 levels were documented 10 days before and after the infusion on a visual analogue scale (VAS). @entity1 were monitored regularly. RESULTS: Of the 11 @entity1 , 10 showed a distinct improvement in @entity158 (based on VAS scores) within 48-72  h after infusion. The @entity158 levels of the @entity1 were significantly lower after @entity7923 infusions (p  <  0.01). The majority of @entity1 were free or almost free of complaints over the following months. Four of the 11 @entity1 returned for repeated infusions. At the time of writing, no severe side effects have been observed, and in particular there has been no case of medication-related @entity89 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that single-shot @entity5520 infusions on demand are promising treatment alternatives in acute DSO. Single-shot @entity5520 infusions of @entity7923 were well tolerated and resulted in distinct, long lasting improvement in subjective @entity158 levels based on VAS scores.

title: @entity7923 treatment of @entity4034 of the mandible: XXXX relief and insight into pathogenesis.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4034 of the mandible (DSO) is a rare and poorly understood disease. Current treatment protocols, including @entity479 or analgesic medication and corticotomies, show poor or frustrating outcome results and are accompanied by potentially severe side effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a beneficial role of infusions with @entity1568 -containing @entity171 ( @entity7923 ) in acute conditions of DSO. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eleven @entity1 were enrolled in the study. In acute conditions of treatment-resistant DSO, single-shot infusions of @entity7923 (6  mg) were administered. @entity158 levels were documented 10 days before and after the infusion on a visual analogue scale (VAS). @entity1 were monitored regularly. RESULTS: Of the 11 @entity1 , 10 showed a distinct improvement in @entity158 (based on VAS scores) within 48-72  h after infusion. The @entity158 levels of the @entity1 were significantly lower after @entity7923 infusions (p  <  0.01). The majority of @entity1 were free or almost free of complaints over the following months. Four of the 11 @entity1 returned for repeated infusions. At the time of writing, no severe side effects have been observed, and in particular there has been no case of medication-related @entity89 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that single-shot @entity5520 infusions on demand are promising treatment alternatives in acute DSO. Single-shot @entity5520 infusions of @entity7923 were well tolerated and resulted in distinct, long lasting improvement in subjective @entity158 levels based on VAS scores.

title: XXXX treatment of @entity4034 of the mandible: @entity158 relief and insight into pathogenesis.

answer: @entity7923 :: (MESH:C073007,Chemical) :: ['Ibandronate']


abstract: PURPOSE: Medical information on male anorectics is scant. We present data on 10 males with @entity1278 , who were treated at our Eating Disorders Center during a twelve-year period. METHODS: Retrospective chart review. RESULTS: All @entity1 were malnourished weighing 80% or less of their ideal body weight with a mean B.M.I. of 13.5 +/- 2.0. Height below the 50th percentile was evident in 80% of the @entity1 , and was below the 10th percentile in 30% of the @entity1 . Structural brain changes on brain computerized tomography scans were noted in seven out of nine @entity1 and more than 50% had mild @entity417 relative to the Tanner stage. Other findings included a mean presenting heart rate of 68.3 +/- 17: four out of ten @entity1 had presenting heart rates of 80 or greater and of these, three had serious medical problems and were severely malnourished. Two @entity1 had @entity299 and one had a life-threatening electrolyte disturbance. CONCLUSION: Despite the small number of @entity1 , the proportion of male adolescent anorectics with medical abnormalities seems high, and may be due to difficulties in establishing the diagnosis and delay in seeking medical attention. @entity1 who had heart rates of 80 or greater were perhaps sicker and further along in their development of @entity712 , thus explaining their initial relative @entity591 . We suggest a higher index of suspicion for @entity712 and closer medical monitoring when a malnourished adolescent with @entity1278 presents with relatively elevated heart rates.

title: Medical complications in male adolescents with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac complications']

answer: @entity1278 :: (MESH:D000856,Disease) :: ['anorexia nervosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the short-term outcomes of intracorporeal Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy using the transorally inserted anvil (OrVil) compared with extracorporeal circular Roux-en-Y @entity254 during laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for @entity356 . METHODS: From January 2011-April 2014, a total of 165 consecutive @entity1 with @entity356 underwent either intracorporeal Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy (n  =  25) using the Orvil or extracorporeal circular @entity254 (n  =  140) during LTG. After generating propensity scores with six covariates, including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, @entity5 location, and @entity5 size, 25 @entity1 undergoing the OrVil method (intracorporeal group) were one-to-one matched with 25 @entity1 undergoing the extracorporeal method (extracorporeal group). The short-term outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Both groups were balanced regarding baseline variables. The total operative time was not significantly different between the two groups (216.5      24.9  min versus 224.0      30.5  min, P  =  0.344), whereas either the duration of anvil insertion (9.9      2.4  min versus 12.9      2.0  min, P  <  0.001) or reconstruction completion (44.4      9.4  min versus 50.1      5.4  min, P  =  0.012) in the intracorporeal group was less. The mean length of minilaparotomy in the intracorporeal group was shorter (5.6      0.4  cm versus 7.2      1.7  cm, P  <  0.001). No significant differences were observed in intraoperative complication rate, estimated @entity190 , length of proximal margin, or postoperative recovery course (including the time to first flatus, liquid resumption, liquid, and soft diet) between the two groups. No @entity1 suffered from @entity532 . The overall morbidity rates of 28.0% in the intracorporeal group and 32.0% in the extracorporeal group were comparable (P  =  0.758). CONCLUSIONS: Intracorporeal Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy using the transorally inserted anvil system may be a safe procedure during LTG for @entity356 . However, a longer follow-up in a well-designed randomized controlled trial is necessary to more thoroughly evaluate this technique.

title: Short-term outcomes of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy using the transorally inserted anvil versus extracorporeal circular XXXX during laparoscopic total gastrectomy for @entity356 : a propensity score matching analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis-related complications']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the short-term outcomes of intracorporeal Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy using the transorally inserted anvil (OrVil) compared with extracorporeal circular Roux-en-Y @entity254 during laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for @entity356 . METHODS: From January 2011-April 2014, a total of 165 consecutive @entity1 with @entity356 underwent either intracorporeal Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy (n  =  25) using the Orvil or extracorporeal circular @entity254 (n  =  140) during LTG. After generating propensity scores with six covariates, including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, @entity5 location, and @entity5 size, 25 @entity1 undergoing the OrVil method (intracorporeal group) were one-to-one matched with 25 @entity1 undergoing the extracorporeal method (extracorporeal group). The short-term outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Both groups were balanced regarding baseline variables. The total operative time was not significantly different between the two groups (216.5      24.9  min versus 224.0      30.5  min, P  =  0.344), whereas either the duration of anvil insertion (9.9      2.4  min versus 12.9      2.0  min, P  <  0.001) or reconstruction completion (44.4      9.4  min versus 50.1      5.4  min, P  =  0.012) in the intracorporeal group was less. The mean length of minilaparotomy in the intracorporeal group was shorter (5.6      0.4  cm versus 7.2      1.7  cm, P  <  0.001). No significant differences were observed in intraoperative complication rate, estimated @entity190 , length of proximal margin, or postoperative recovery course (including the time to first flatus, liquid resumption, liquid, and soft diet) between the two groups. No @entity1 suffered from @entity532 . The overall morbidity rates of 28.0% in the intracorporeal group and 32.0% in the extracorporeal group were comparable (P  =  0.758). CONCLUSIONS: Intracorporeal Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy using the transorally inserted anvil system may be a safe procedure during LTG for @entity356 . However, a longer follow-up in a well-designed randomized controlled trial is necessary to more thoroughly evaluate this technique.

title: Short-term outcomes of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy using the transorally inserted anvil versus extracorporeal circular @entity254 during laparoscopic total gastrectomy for XXXX : a propensity score matching analysis.

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: The results of 102 @entity1 with @entity174 of the femur shaft treated by osteosynthesis with dynamic compression plates (DCP) in comparison to 87 @entity1 which underwent a conservative treatment by extension are presented. Of 329 @entity1 in a 15-years period, 238 @entity1 had a follow-up examination with evaluable data and 49 @entity1 were excluded because of a different therapy such as plaster traction, cast, osteosynthesis with screws or nails etc. The @entity1 were divided into two groups: series I from 1968 to 1977 and series II from 1978 to 1982. 19.6% of the @entity1 had a residual difference of more than 1 cm in the length of the legs. Operated @entity1 were twice as often afflicted as the conservative group. The amount of difference in the length depended on the duration of instability and increased when several repositions were required in the conservative group, or when an operation was carried out secondary to inadequate traction therapy. Axial deviation was found to be much more common in the extended group (16.1%) than in the operated group, in which only 4% axial deviations persisted in series II when DC-plates were used exclusively. Predominant in the conservative group was a persisting antecurvation in 13 of 14 @entity1 . Residual rotation malalignment of significant degree was found only in the group treated by extension, while the operated group averosed at minor @entity85 . @entity1 with closed epiphysis on the date of examination, who had a persisting rotation failure, had been treated nearly exclusively by extension (50% versus 15%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Late results following femoral shaft XXXX in childhood].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['torsion deformities']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: Changes in intracellular @entity141 concentrations ([ @entity141 ]i) are an important signal for various physiological activities. The @entity4024 / @entity141 exchangers (NCX) at the plasma membrane transport @entity141 into or out of the cell according to the electrochemical gradients of @entity4024 and @entity141 to modulate [ @entity141 ]i homeostasis. @entity13609 ( @entity13609 ) senses [ @entity141 ]i changes and relays @entity141 signals by binding to target proteins such as channels and transporters. However, it is not clear how @entity13609 modulates NCX activity. Using @entity13609 as a bait, we pulled down the intracellular loops subcloned from the @entity27778 splice variants @entity27778 .1 and @entity27778 .3. This interaction requires both @entity141 and a putative @entity13609 -binding segment (CaMS). To determine whether @entity13609 modulates NCX activity, we co-expressed @entity27778 splice variants with @entity13609 or CaM1234 (a @entity141 -binding deficient mutant) in HEK293T cells and measured the increase in [ @entity141 ]i contributed by the influx of @entity141 through NCX. Deleting the CaMS from @entity27778 .1 and @entity27778 .3 attenuated exchange activity and decreased membrane localization. Without the mutually exclusive exon, the exchange activity was decreased and could be partially rescued by CaM1234. Point-mutations at any of the 4 conserved a.a. residues in the CaMS had differential effects in @entity27778 .1 and @entity27778 .3. Mutating the first two conserved a.a. in @entity27778 .1 decreased exchange activity; mutating the 3rd or 4th conserved a.a. residues did not alter exchange activity, but @entity13609 co-expression suppressed activity. Mutating the 2nd and 3rd conserved a.a. residues in @entity27778 .3 decreased exchange activity. Taken together, our results demonstrate that @entity13609 senses changes in [ @entity141 ]i and binds to the cytoplasmic loop of @entity27778 to regulate exchange activity.

title: @entity13609 Interacts with the Sodium/Calcium Exchanger XXXX to Regulate Activity.

entities_list: @entity13609 :: ('808', 'Gene') :: ['calmodulin', 'CaM', 'Calmodulin']

answer: @entity27778 :: (6546,Gene) :: ['NCX1']


abstract: Changes in intracellular @entity141 concentrations ([ @entity141 ]i) are an important signal for various physiological activities. The @entity4024 / @entity141 exchangers (NCX) at the plasma membrane transport @entity141 into or out of the cell according to the electrochemical gradients of @entity4024 and @entity141 to modulate [ @entity141 ]i homeostasis. @entity13609 ( @entity13609 ) senses [ @entity141 ]i changes and relays @entity141 signals by binding to target proteins such as channels and transporters. However, it is not clear how @entity13609 modulates NCX activity. Using @entity13609 as a bait, we pulled down the intracellular loops subcloned from the @entity27778 splice variants @entity27778 .1 and @entity27778 .3. This interaction requires both @entity141 and a putative @entity13609 -binding segment (CaMS). To determine whether @entity13609 modulates NCX activity, we co-expressed @entity27778 splice variants with @entity13609 or CaM1234 (a @entity141 -binding deficient mutant) in HEK293T cells and measured the increase in [ @entity141 ]i contributed by the influx of @entity141 through NCX. Deleting the CaMS from @entity27778 .1 and @entity27778 .3 attenuated exchange activity and decreased membrane localization. Without the mutually exclusive exon, the exchange activity was decreased and could be partially rescued by CaM1234. Point-mutations at any of the 4 conserved a.a. residues in the CaMS had differential effects in @entity27778 .1 and @entity27778 .3. Mutating the first two conserved a.a. in @entity27778 .1 decreased exchange activity; mutating the 3rd or 4th conserved a.a. residues did not alter exchange activity, but @entity13609 co-expression suppressed activity. Mutating the 2nd and 3rd conserved a.a. residues in @entity27778 .3 decreased exchange activity. Taken together, our results demonstrate that @entity13609 senses changes in [ @entity141 ]i and binds to the cytoplasmic loop of @entity27778 to regulate exchange activity.

title: XXXX Interacts with the Sodium/Calcium Exchanger @entity27778 to Regulate Activity.

answer: @entity13609 :: (808,Gene) :: ['Calmodulin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Stem cell products derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used in clinical trials, and a few products have been already commercialized. However, the therapeutic effects of clinical-grade MSCs are still controversial owing to mixed results from recent clinical trials. A potential solution to overcome this hurdle may be to use clonal stem cells as the starting cell material to increase the homogeneity of the final stem cell products. We have previously developed an alternative isolation and culture protocol for establishing a population of clonal MSCs (cMSCs) from single colony forming unit (CFU)-derived colonies. In this study, we established a good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compatible procedure for the clinical-grade production of @entity1 bone marrow-derived cMSCs based on the subfractionation culturing method. We optimized the culture procedures to expand and obtain a clonal population of final MSC products from single CFU-derived colonies in a GMP facility. The characterization results of the final cMSC products met our preset criteria. Animal @entity137 tests were performed in a good laboratory practice facility, and showed no @entity137 or @entity5 formation in vivo. These tests include single injection @entity137 , multiple injection @entity137 , biodistribution analysis, and tumorigenicity tests in vivo. No @entity2008 were detected by in situ karyotyping using oligo-fluorescence in situ hydridization (oligo-FISH), providing evidence of genetic stability of the clinical-grade cMSC products. The manufacture and quality control results indicated that our GMP methodology could produce sufficient clonal population of MSC products from a small amount of @entity236 to treat a number of @entity1 .

title: Manufacture of Clinical-Grade XXXX Clonal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Products from Single Colony Forming Unit-Derived Colonies Based on the Subfractionation Culturing Method.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow aspirate']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Influenza is a major public health problem worldwide; however, relatively little is known about @entity683 in tropical regions, especially for @entity1 . Additional information is required to inform public health policy making, in particular vaccination guidelines. METHODS: Between September 2011 and July 2013, we enrolled newborns into the Nicaraguan Birth Cohort Study. @entity1 were provided primary medical care and actively followed for reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction-confirmed @entity778 when presenting with @entity683 or undifferentiated fever. This report presents data pertaining to the first year of life. RESULTS: Of the 518 @entity1 enrolled in the study, 441 participated throughout their first year of life, 71 were withdrawn, and 6 died. Overall, 13% of the @entity1 experienced at least 1 laboratory-confirmed @entity778 . The overall incidence of @entity683 was 15.5 cases per 100 @entity1 -years [95% confidence interval (CI): 12.2-19.5]. @entity1 aged 6-11 months experienced significantly higher rates of laboratory-confirmed @entity683 than @entity1 aged 0-5 months (incidence rate ratio: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.3-3.4). The overall incidence of @entity55 was 52.6 cases per 100 @entity1 -years (95% CI: 46.3-59.6). Three percent of the @entity55 cases were @entity683 associated, and the incidence of @entity683 -associated @entity55 and hospitalization was 1.7 (95% CI: 0.9-3.5) and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.03-1.55) cases per 100 @entity1 -years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found a significant burden of @entity683 and @entity683 -associated severe respiratory outcomes in @entity1 . Our results support the need to explore the potential value of vaccinating pregnant @entity1 and @entity1 aged >6 months, as recommended by the World Health Organization in 2012.

title: Burden of Influenza and Influenza-associated XXXX in the First Year of Life in a Prospective Cohort Study in Managua, Nicaragua.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'children', 'infants', 'Infants', 'person']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza', 'influenza-like illness']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['influenza virus infection']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['Pneumonia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the association between maternal reproductive age and their @entity1 ' @entity2516 in Chinese urban students. METHODS: The Beijing Myopia Progression Study was a three-year cohort investigation. Cycloplegic refraction of these students at both baseline and follow-up vision examinations, as well as non-cycloplegic refraction of their parents at baseline, were performed. Student's refractive change was defined as the cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) of the right eye at the final follow-up minus the cycloplegic SE of the right eye at baseline. RESULTS: At the final follow-up, 241 students (62.4%) were reexamined. 226 students (58.5%) with completed refractive data, as well as completed parental reproductive age data, were enrolled. The average paternal and maternal age increased from 29.4 years and 27.5 years in 1993-1994 to 32.6 years and 29.2 years in 2003-2004, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, students who were younger (b = 0.08 diopter/year/year, P<0.001), with more myopic refraction at baseline (b = 0.02 diopter/year/diopter, P = 0.01), and with older maternal reproductive age (b = -0.18 diopter/year/decade, P = 0.01), had more myopic refractive change. After stratifying the parental reproductive age into quartile groups, @entity1 with older maternal reproductive age (trend test: P = 0.04) had more myopic refractive change, after adjusting for the @entity1 's age, baseline refraction, maternal refraction, and near work time. However, no significant association between myopic refractive change and paternal reproductive age was found. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, @entity1 with older maternal reproductive age had more myopic refractive change. This new risk factor for @entity1714 progression may partially explain the faster myopic progression found in the Chinese population in recent decades.

title: The Association between Maternal Reproductive Age and Progression of XXXX in Urban Students in Beijing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error progression']

answer: @entity2516 :: (MESH:D012030,Disease) :: ['Refractive Error']


abstract: In HL-60 cells, @entity1968 (RA) and 9 cis-RA induce granulocytic differentiation, and @entity3873 and @entity11413 induce monocytic differentiation. To study the role of @entity554 resistance on the response to these agents, we investigated their effects in HL-60 cells, @entity554 -resistant HL-60R cells, and HL-60R+ cells in which @entity554 sensitivity has been restored. In HL-60 cells, @entity10815 (ctsd) mRNA levels are increased by these agents and by cholera toxin after pretreatment with each agent. @entity3873 , 9 cis-RA, and @entity11413 increase @entity687 ( @entity687 ) mRNA expression, and pretreatment with these agents or RA potentiates the stimulation of @entity687 by @entity4621 ( @entity865 ). Pretreatment of HL-60 cells with all of the agents confers inducibility of @entity17913 (ctsl) mRNA by TPA in previously unresponsive cells. In HL-60R cells, none of the agents alone or in combination significantly enhances the expression of the ctsd, @entity687 , or ctsl mRNAs. @entity554 stimulation (either alone or in combination with the other agents) of the three mRNAs is partially restored in the HL-60R+ cells. @entity3873 does not alter the expression of any of these mRNAs, and only the stimulation of @entity687 mRNA by @entity11413 is recovered. Treatment with all of the agents inhibits proliferation and stimulates differentiation of the HL-60 cells. RA and @entity3873 are unable to inhibit proliferation of the HL-60R cells, whereas only @entity3873 fails to inhibit proliferation of the HL-60R+ cells. None of the agents induces differentiation in either the HL-60R or HL-60R+ cells. Therefore, the mutation of the RA receptor alpha is insufficient to account for the altered responses of the HL-60R cells, and there are likely defects in other signaling pathways in these cells. These cells may prove useful in examining the mechanism of cross-resistance between various differentiating agents.

title: Comparative responsiveness of HL-60, HL-60R, and HL-60R+ (LRARSN) cells to @entity1968 , XXXX , 9 cis-retinoic acid, and @entity11413 .

entities_list: @entity3873 :: ('MESH:D002117', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitriol', 'Calcitriol']

entities_list: @entity11413 :: ('CHEBI:64103', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium butyrate']

entities_list: @entity4621 :: ('CHEBI:37532', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol ester']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

entities_list: @entity554 :: ('CHEBI:26537', 'Chemical') :: ['Retinoid', 'retinoid']

answer: @entity3873 :: (MESH:D002117,Chemical) :: ['calcitriol']


abstract: In HL-60 cells, @entity1968 (RA) and 9 cis-RA induce granulocytic differentiation, and @entity3873 and @entity11413 induce monocytic differentiation. To study the role of @entity554 resistance on the response to these agents, we investigated their effects in HL-60 cells, @entity554 -resistant HL-60R cells, and HL-60R+ cells in which @entity554 sensitivity has been restored. In HL-60 cells, @entity10815 (ctsd) mRNA levels are increased by these agents and by cholera toxin after pretreatment with each agent. @entity3873 , 9 cis-RA, and @entity11413 increase @entity687 ( @entity687 ) mRNA expression, and pretreatment with these agents or RA potentiates the stimulation of @entity687 by @entity4621 ( @entity865 ). Pretreatment of HL-60 cells with all of the agents confers inducibility of @entity17913 (ctsl) mRNA by TPA in previously unresponsive cells. In HL-60R cells, none of the agents alone or in combination significantly enhances the expression of the ctsd, @entity687 , or ctsl mRNAs. @entity554 stimulation (either alone or in combination with the other agents) of the three mRNAs is partially restored in the HL-60R+ cells. @entity3873 does not alter the expression of any of these mRNAs, and only the stimulation of @entity687 mRNA by @entity11413 is recovered. Treatment with all of the agents inhibits proliferation and stimulates differentiation of the HL-60 cells. RA and @entity3873 are unable to inhibit proliferation of the HL-60R cells, whereas only @entity3873 fails to inhibit proliferation of the HL-60R+ cells. None of the agents induces differentiation in either the HL-60R or HL-60R+ cells. Therefore, the mutation of the RA receptor alpha is insufficient to account for the altered responses of the HL-60R cells, and there are likely defects in other signaling pathways in these cells. These cells may prove useful in examining the mechanism of cross-resistance between various differentiating agents.

title: Comparative responsiveness of HL-60, HL-60R, and HL-60R+ (LRARSN) cells to XXXX , @entity3873 , 9 cis-retinoic acid, and @entity11413 .

answer: @entity1968 :: (MESH:D014212,Chemical) :: ['retinoic acid']


abstract: In HL-60 cells, @entity1968 (RA) and 9 cis-RA induce granulocytic differentiation, and @entity3873 and @entity11413 induce monocytic differentiation. To study the role of @entity554 resistance on the response to these agents, we investigated their effects in HL-60 cells, @entity554 -resistant HL-60R cells, and HL-60R+ cells in which @entity554 sensitivity has been restored. In HL-60 cells, @entity10815 (ctsd) mRNA levels are increased by these agents and by cholera toxin after pretreatment with each agent. @entity3873 , 9 cis-RA, and @entity11413 increase @entity687 ( @entity687 ) mRNA expression, and pretreatment with these agents or RA potentiates the stimulation of @entity687 by @entity4621 ( @entity865 ). Pretreatment of HL-60 cells with all of the agents confers inducibility of @entity17913 (ctsl) mRNA by TPA in previously unresponsive cells. In HL-60R cells, none of the agents alone or in combination significantly enhances the expression of the ctsd, @entity687 , or ctsl mRNAs. @entity554 stimulation (either alone or in combination with the other agents) of the three mRNAs is partially restored in the HL-60R+ cells. @entity3873 does not alter the expression of any of these mRNAs, and only the stimulation of @entity687 mRNA by @entity11413 is recovered. Treatment with all of the agents inhibits proliferation and stimulates differentiation of the HL-60 cells. RA and @entity3873 are unable to inhibit proliferation of the HL-60R cells, whereas only @entity3873 fails to inhibit proliferation of the HL-60R+ cells. None of the agents induces differentiation in either the HL-60R or HL-60R+ cells. Therefore, the mutation of the RA receptor alpha is insufficient to account for the altered responses of the HL-60R cells, and there are likely defects in other signaling pathways in these cells. These cells may prove useful in examining the mechanism of cross-resistance between various differentiating agents.

title: Comparative responsiveness of HL-60, HL-60R, and HL-60R+ (LRARSN) cells to @entity1968 , @entity3873 , 9 cis-retinoic acid, and XXXX .

answer: @entity11413 :: (CHEBI:64103,Chemical) :: ['sodium butyrate']


abstract: PURPOSE: To illustrate spontaneous resolution of macular epiretinal membranes and inactivation of retinal @entity2695 exudation after @entity941 potentiated @entity3503 laser treatment of bilateral @entity8702 in a @entity1 with a de novo heterozygous deletion in Exon 2 of the @entity280 gene. METHODS: Interventional case report. RESULTS: A 23-year-old @entity1 with subjective @entity227 , @entity3917 , and glare. On presentation, visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye with metamorphopsia. On the basis of bilateral @entity2479 on clinical examination and characterization with multimodal imaging, a diagnosis of @entity280 was made. Genetic testing identified a de novo, disease-causing heterozygous deletion in Exon 2 of the @entity280 gene. The @entity1 underwent 4 sessions of @entity941 potentiated 532 nm @entity3503 green laser treatment directed at @entity2479 . No adverse sequelae of laser treatment were noted. Seven months after the initial presentation, the @entity1 's vision was 20/20 in both eyes with interval resolution of metamorphopsia. There was spontaneous resolution of a macular epiretinal membrane with normalization of the macular retinal microstructure. The @entity2479 in both eyes appeared inactive, and no new lesions were noted. CONCLUSION: @entity941 potentiated @entity3503 laser successfully treated bilateral @entity2479 in our @entity1 with @entity280 . Additional studies to characterize the full clinical potential of @entity941 potentiated @entity3503 laser therapy may be warranted.

title: SPONTANEOUS RESOLUTION OF MACULAR EPIRETINAL MEMBRANES AFTER XXXX POTENTIATED @entity3503 LASER TREATMENT OF VON HIPPEL-LINDAU ASSOCIATED RETINAL HEMANGIOMAS: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['complaints of blurry vision']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity8702 :: ('MESH:D018324', 'Disease') :: ['capillary hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorescein', 'fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

entities_list: @entity280 :: ('MESH:D006623', 'Disease') :: ['von Hippel-Lindau', 'von Hippel-Lindau disease']

answer: @entity941 :: (MESH:D019793,Chemical) :: ['FLUORESCEIN']


abstract: PURPOSE: To illustrate spontaneous resolution of macular epiretinal membranes and inactivation of retinal @entity2695 exudation after @entity941 potentiated @entity3503 laser treatment of bilateral @entity8702 in a @entity1 with a de novo heterozygous deletion in Exon 2 of the @entity280 gene. METHODS: Interventional case report. RESULTS: A 23-year-old @entity1 with subjective @entity227 , @entity3917 , and glare. On presentation, visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye with metamorphopsia. On the basis of bilateral @entity2479 on clinical examination and characterization with multimodal imaging, a diagnosis of @entity280 was made. Genetic testing identified a de novo, disease-causing heterozygous deletion in Exon 2 of the @entity280 gene. The @entity1 underwent 4 sessions of @entity941 potentiated 532 nm @entity3503 green laser treatment directed at @entity2479 . No adverse sequelae of laser treatment were noted. Seven months after the initial presentation, the @entity1 's vision was 20/20 in both eyes with interval resolution of metamorphopsia. There was spontaneous resolution of a macular epiretinal membrane with normalization of the macular retinal microstructure. The @entity2479 in both eyes appeared inactive, and no new lesions were noted. CONCLUSION: @entity941 potentiated @entity3503 laser successfully treated bilateral @entity2479 in our @entity1 with @entity280 . Additional studies to characterize the full clinical potential of @entity941 potentiated @entity3503 laser therapy may be warranted.

title: SPONTANEOUS RESOLUTION OF MACULAR EPIRETINAL MEMBRANES AFTER @entity941 POTENTIATED XXXX LASER TREATMENT OF VON HIPPEL-LINDAU ASSOCIATED RETINAL HEMANGIOMAS: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE.

answer: @entity3503 :: (MESH:D001128,Chemical) :: ['ARGON']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Over 20years ago, our laboratory showed that @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) signals through the @entity9045 -associated @entity4149 kinase @entity4016 . We showed that @entity2124 binding to its membrane-bound receptor enhances binding of @entity4016 to the @entity9045 , activates @entity4016 , and stimulates @entity18481 phosphorylation of both @entity4016 and @entity9045 . The activated @entity4016 / @entity9045 complex recruits a variety of signaling proteins, thereby initiating multiple signaling pathways and cellular responses. These proteins and pathways include: 1) Stat transcription factors implicated in the expression of multiple genes, including the gene encoding insulin-like growth factor 1; 2) Shc adapter proteins that lead to activation of the @entity10240 -SOS-Ras-Raf- @entity8047 - @entity1366 pathway; 3) insulin receptor substrate proteins implicated in the @entity4357 -3-kinase and @entity584 pathway; 4) signal regulatory protein a, a transmembrane scaffold protein that recruits proteins including the @entity4149 phosphatase @entity9702 ) @entity21944 , a scaffold protein that can activate @entity4016 and enhance @entity2124 regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Our recent work has focused on the function of @entity21944 . We have shown that SH2B1b is recruited to and phosphorylated by @entity4016 in response to @entity2124 . @entity21944 localizes to the plasma membrane, cytoplasm and focal adhesions; it also cycles through the nucleus. @entity21944 regulates the actin cytoskeleton and promotes @entity2124 -dependent motility of RAW264.7 macrophages. Mutations in @entity21944 have been found in @entity1 exhibiting severe early-onset @entity28 and insulin resistance. These mutations impair @entity21944 enhancement of @entity2124 -induced macrophage motility. As @entity21944 is expressed ubiquitously and is also recruited to a variety of receptor @entity4149 kinases, our results raise the possibility that effects of @entity21944 on the actin cytoskeleton in various cell types, including neurons, may play a role in regulating body weight.

title: XXXX signaling pathways.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['childhood obesity']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity2124 :: (2688,Gene) :: ['Growth hormone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cannabis use during pregnancy has been associated with negative behavioral outcomes and psychopathology in offspring. However, there has been little research evaluating alterations in brain structure as a result of maternal @entity835 use. In this prospective study, we investigated the association between prenatal @entity835 exposure and brain morphology in young @entity1 . METHODS: We matched 96 @entity1 prenatally exposed to @entity286 only (without @entity835 ) with 113 unexposed control subjects on the basis of age and gender and subsequently selected 54 @entity1 exposed to prenatal @entity835 (mostly combined with @entity286 exposure). These @entity1 (aged 6 to 8 years) were part of a population-based study in the Netherlands, the Generation R Study, and were followed from pregnancy onward. We assessed brain volumetric measures and cortical thickness in magnetic resonance imaging scans using FreeSurfer. We performed vertex-wise analyses in FreeSurfer and linear regression analyses adjusting for relevant covariates using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. RESULTS: Prenatal @entity835 exposure was not associated with global brain volumes, such as total brain volume, gray matter volume, or white matter volume. However, prenatal @entity835 exposure was associated with differences in cortical thickness: compared with nonexposed control subjects, @entity835 -exposed @entity1 had thicker frontal cortices. Prenatal @entity286 exposure compared with nonexposed control subjects was associated with cortical thinning, primarily in the superior frontal and superior parietal cortices. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an association between prenatal @entity835 exposure and cortical thickness in @entity1 . Further research is needed to explore the causal nature of this association.

title: Prenatal Cannabis and XXXX Exposure in Relation to Brain Morphology: A Prospective Neuroimaging Study in Young @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['Tobacco']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cannabis use during pregnancy has been associated with negative behavioral outcomes and psychopathology in offspring. However, there has been little research evaluating alterations in brain structure as a result of maternal @entity835 use. In this prospective study, we investigated the association between prenatal @entity835 exposure and brain morphology in young @entity1 . METHODS: We matched 96 @entity1 prenatally exposed to @entity286 only (without @entity835 ) with 113 unexposed control subjects on the basis of age and gender and subsequently selected 54 @entity1 exposed to prenatal @entity835 (mostly combined with @entity286 exposure). These @entity1 (aged 6 to 8 years) were part of a population-based study in the Netherlands, the Generation R Study, and were followed from pregnancy onward. We assessed brain volumetric measures and cortical thickness in magnetic resonance imaging scans using FreeSurfer. We performed vertex-wise analyses in FreeSurfer and linear regression analyses adjusting for relevant covariates using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. RESULTS: Prenatal @entity835 exposure was not associated with global brain volumes, such as total brain volume, gray matter volume, or white matter volume. However, prenatal @entity835 exposure was associated with differences in cortical thickness: compared with nonexposed control subjects, @entity835 -exposed @entity1 had thicker frontal cortices. Prenatal @entity286 exposure compared with nonexposed control subjects was associated with cortical thinning, primarily in the superior frontal and superior parietal cortices. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an association between prenatal @entity835 exposure and cortical thickness in @entity1 . Further research is needed to explore the causal nature of this association.

title: Prenatal Cannabis and @entity286 Exposure in Relation to Brain Morphology: A Prospective Neuroimaging Study in Young XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: Microglial proliferation and activation are common events in the injured CNS. The mechanisms, however, by which activated microglia are eliminated following a pathological stimulus are still poorly understood. The present study has therefore examined microglial proliferation by 3H- @entity1014 autoradiography and programmed cell death by terminal transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) and in situ end labeling (ISEL) of nuclear DNA fragments in two models of @entity1897 , i.e. sciatic and @entity17493 in the @entity35 . In these models, microglial activation and proliferation occur in CNS projection areas, i.e. in the ventral and dorsal gray matter of lumbar spinal cord and in the nucleus gracilis after sciatic nerve transection as well as in the axotomized hypoglossal nucleus. At these sites, microglial proliferation had a relatively sharp peak between days 2 and 3 post-lesion and then rapidly declined. DNA fragmentation was detected in lectin (GSI-B4)-positive microglia from day 6 after axotomy onward, reached an apparent peak at day 21 and was downregulated by day 60, i.e. the latest time point investigated. However, the expression of @entity1976 and @entity4569 .e. genes potentially controlling programmed cell death, was found to be unchanged during this period. Programmed cell death thus appears to be one mechanism by which activated microglia are gradually eliminated following CNS @entity130 state of microglial cell numbers is achieved in vivo. Expression of microglial growth factors may be instrumental in controlling these processes.

title: Microglial turnover in the injured CNS: activated microglia undergo delayed DNA fragmentation following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity17493 :: ('MESH:D061228', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglossal nerve transection']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury and steady']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['peripheral nerve injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: We used population pharmacokinetic-parameter estimates and designed a fixed dosing schedule to maintain plasma @entity5747 concentrations between 100 and 300 micrograms/mL and then evaluated its performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: On day 1, @entity1 received a 200-mg test dose and 1,000-mg/m2 loading dose. On days 2, 3, 4, and 5, @entity1 received 1-hour infusions of 400, 300, 250, and 200 mg/m2, respectively. Subsequent 1-hour infusions of 275 mg/m2 were given on days 8, 11, 15, 19, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57, 67, and 78. Therapy was discontinued for dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) or @entity74 ( @entity74 ). @entity1 were to be removed from the fixed dosing schedule if, after day 5, three consecutive peak plasma @entity5747 concentrations were greater than 300 micrograms/mL. RESULTS: Forty-two @entity1 , including 40 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ), received 700 infusions. Forty @entity1 were assessable for @entity137 ; 38 were assessable for response. Two @entity1 with preexisting @entity358 died early of @entity1576 . Treatment was discontinued in five @entity1 due to DLT and in seven due to @entity74 . No @entity1 had treatment discontinued due to repeated peak plasma @entity5747 concentrations > or = 300 micrograms/mL. The fixed dosing schedule was precise, unbiased, and well tolerated. DLT consisted of grade 4 nephrotoxicity (n = 2), @entity2359 (n = 2), and @entity228 -induced @entity716 (n = 1). Three @entity1 , who received all 18 doses of @entity5747 per protocol, developed severe, but not dose-limiting, malaise, fatigue, and lethargy. Twenty-four of 36 assessable @entity1 with elevated serum @entity1486 levels had a > or = 50% reduction, lasting more than 4 weeks, and 18 had a > or = 75% reduction, lasting more than 4 weeks. Twelve of 23 (52%) symptomatic @entity263 @entity1 noted a subjective improvement in @entity158 . There were no measurable responses in four @entity1 with measurable disease. The estimated median survival time in 38 assessable @entity1 with @entity263 was 18.8 months. The estimated median time to progression in 35 @entity1 , for whom data were available, was 10.1 months. CONCLUSION: This easily implemented schedule allowed @entity5747 to be administered safely as an intermittent bolus injection. @entity137 was manageable and reversible.

title: Development and validation of a pharmacokinetically based fixed dosing scheme for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['hormone-refractory prostate cancer', 'HRPC']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen (PSA)']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity5747 :: (MESH:D013498,Chemical) :: ['suramin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the outcomes, complications, and survivorship of @entity24933 proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty at a minimum of 5-year follow-up. METHODS: A review of 97 implants in 72 consecutive @entity1 from our joint arthroplasty database was undertaken. @entity1 demographics, complications, further surgery, and implant revision were recorded. Objective outcome was assessed by grip strength, range of motion, and radiological assessment of alignment, loosening, and subsidence. Subjective outcome was assessed by @entity1 Evaluation Measure; Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score; and visual analog scores (0, best; 10, worst) for appearance, satisfaction, and @entity158 . RESULTS: Diagnosis was @entity571 in 60 joints, @entity309 in 12 joints, @entity5144 in 11 joints, and @entity130 in 14 joints. The average follow-up was 118 months (range, 60-164 months). The mean arc of motion was 35   (range, 0   to 90  ). There was no difference in grip strength between operated and nonoperated side. Of the 97 implants, 36 required additional surgery, of which 14 were revised and 22 required reconstruction around a retained implant. The average @entity1 Evaluation Measure and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores were 33 (range, 10-69) and 35 (range, 0-93), respectively. Mean visual analog scores for @entity158 , satisfaction, and appearance were 2 (range, 0-8), 7 (0-10), and 8 (0-10), respectively. All implants had a lucent line with nearly all classified as either Herren grade 2 or 3. Progressive loosening was seen in 48% of implants. Implant survival as assessed by Kaplan-Meier was 85% at both 5 and 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: @entity158 relief and maintenance of preoperative arc of motion was achieved with no major deterioration over time. Most implant revisions were performed within 24 months of the index procedure. Currently progressive loosening was not translated into revision surgery. Implant revision rate was higher than with other prostheses. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.

title: XXXX Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty: Minimum Five-Year Follow-Up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity24933 :: ('MESH:C009139', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrocarbon']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Good pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity24933 :: (MESH:C009139,Chemical) :: ['Pyrocarbon']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: It has been suggested that oxidative stress is one of the pathomechanisms underlying @entity746 ( @entity746 ), and thus antioxidants such as @entity414 (UA) that could reduce oxidative stress might be beneficial in the prevention or treatment of this disease. The objective of this study was to prospectively investigate serum UA levels in Korean @entity746 @entity1 and to relate them to disease progression. METHODS: @entity746 @entity1 and healthy controls who were individually well-matched for sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) underwent blood testing for serum UA levels, and analyzed whether UA levels were correlated with the disease status of the @entity1 , as defined by the @entity746 Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R). RESULTS: The study included 136 @entity746 @entity1 and 136 matched controls. The UA level was lower in the @entity746 @entity1 (4.50  1.17 mg/dL, mean  SD) than in the controls (5.51  1.22 mg/dL; p<0.001). Among the @entity746 @entity1 , the level of UA acid was inversely correlated with the rate of disease progression (decrease in ALSFRS-R score). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that a better survival rate was more strongly correlated with top-tertile levels of serum UA than with bottom-tertile levels (log-rank test: p=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: @entity746 @entity1 had lower serum UA levels than did healthy individuals. UA levels in @entity746 were negatively correlated with the rate of disease progression and positively associated with survival, suggesting that UA levels contribute to the progression of @entity746 . UA levels could be considered a biomarker of disease progression in the early phase in @entity746 @entity1 .

title: Prognostic Role of Serum Levels of XXXX in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['amyotrophic lateral sclerosis', 'ALS']

answer: @entity414 :: (MESH:D014527,Chemical) :: ['Uric Acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity683 causes substantial morbidity and mortality in all age groups, current recommendations emphasize annual immunization for @entity1 at high risk for complications of @entity683 . We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vaccination against @entity683 in healthy, working adults. METHODS: In the fall of 1994, we recruited working adults from 18 to 64 years of age from in and around the Minneapolis-St. Paul area and randomly assigned them to receive either @entity683 vaccine or placebo injections. The primary study outcomes included upper @entity1576 , absenteeism from work because of upper @entity1576 , and visits to physicians' offices for upper @entity1576 . The economic benefits of vaccination were analyzed by estimating the direct and indirect costs associated with immunization and with upper @entity1576 . RESULTS: We enrolled a total of 849 subjects. Baseline characteristics were similar in the two groups. During the follow-up period, consisting of the 1994-1995 @entity683 season (December 1, 1994, through March 31, 1995), those who received the vaccine reported 25 percent fewer episodes of upper @entity1576 than those who received the placebo (105 vs. 140 episodes per 100 subjects, P < 0.001), 43 percent fewer days of sick leave from work due to upper @entity1576 (70 vs. 122 days per 100 subjects, P = 0.001), and 44 percent fewer visits to physicians' offices for upper @entity1576 (31 vs. 55 visits per 100 subjects, P = 0.004). The cost savings were estimated to be  46.85 per @entity1 vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination against @entity683 has substantial health-related and economic benefits for healthy, working adults.

title: The effectiveness of vaccination against XXXX in healthy, working adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['person', 'people']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory illnesses', 'respiratory illness']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']


abstract: This paper reports two cases of @entity976 in the elderly (over 70 years old). The first case is a 74-year-old @entity1 who was referred to us due to gait and @entity227 . She was first treated conservatively because she showed signs of @entity303 , but her @entity5 grew remarkably and rapidly after placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and then was partially resected. After two shunt revisions, the @entity1 developed @entity86 , which became the main cause of her @entity204 . The second case was a 79-year-old female who was referred to us due to progressive @entity227 . She was operated on and her @entity5 was totally resected. A bilateral subduroperitoneal shunt was placed to @entity86 . Postoperatively, her visual field improved remarkably. When treating @entity976 in the elderly, it is advisable to choose a conservative approach if applicable. When a more radical therapeutic approach is taken, it should be borne in mind that preexisting @entity303 and @entity86 due to @entity1010 often preclude the @entity1 's early recovery.

title: [Two operated cases of XXXX in @entity1 over 70 years old].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual disturbance']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pneumonia', 'alleviate postoperative subdural effusion', 'postoperative subdural effusion']

entities_list: @entity976 :: ('MESH:D003397', 'Disease') :: ['craniopharyngioma']

answer: @entity976 :: (MESH:D003397,Disease) :: ['craniopharyngioma']


abstract: This paper reports two cases of @entity976 in the elderly (over 70 years old). The first case is a 74-year-old @entity1 who was referred to us due to gait and @entity227 . She was first treated conservatively because she showed signs of @entity303 , but her @entity5 grew remarkably and rapidly after placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and then was partially resected. After two shunt revisions, the @entity1 developed @entity86 , which became the main cause of her @entity204 . The second case was a 79-year-old female who was referred to us due to progressive @entity227 . She was operated on and her @entity5 was totally resected. A bilateral subduroperitoneal shunt was placed to @entity86 . Postoperatively, her visual field improved remarkably. When treating @entity976 in the elderly, it is advisable to choose a conservative approach if applicable. When a more radical therapeutic approach is taken, it should be borne in mind that preexisting @entity303 and @entity86 due to @entity1010 often preclude the @entity1 's early recovery.

title: [Two operated cases of @entity976 in XXXX over 70 years old].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Alkaliphilic haloarchaea, a distinct physiological group from the closely related @entity5309 , represent an underutilized resource for basic research and industrial applications. In contrast to the @entity5309 , no reports on genomic manipulations in haloalkaliphiles have been published until now. Genomic manipulations via homologous recombination are useful for basic research. In this study, we demonstrate the possibility for this strategy in alkaliphilic haloarchaea for the first time. In a previous study, we developed a @entity970 -mediated transformation technique for alkaliphilic haloarchaea that was deployed in this study to deliver a gene disruption cassette into the model organism @entity73284 . The gene encoding for the well-studied Natrialba extracellular protease was successfully disrupted by a recombination marker gene, demonstrating a proof of principle for the usability of homologous recombination for genomic manipulations in alkaliphilic haloarchaea. Since halo(alkali)philic Archaea are polyploid, a selection process was applied in order to obtain a mutant strain containing exclusively disrupted genes. The resulting strain exhibited no proteolytic activity measurable by an @entity24740 -casein assay. Complementation was able to restore proteolytic activity. The expression pattern of the Natrialba extracellular protease was different in the @entity465 .

title: Genomic manipulations in alkaliphilic haloarchaea demonstrated by a gene disruption in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity73284 :: ('13769', 'Species') :: ['Natrialba magadii']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['complemented strain']

entities_list: @entity5309 :: ('MESH:C564275', 'Disease') :: ['neutrophilic haloarchaea']

answer: @entity73284 :: (13769,Species) :: ['Natrialba magadii']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Outcome of JDM is highly heterogeneous. Our objective was to determine clinical and muscle biopsy features associated with poor outcome and response to treatment. METHODS: Clinical data and muscle biopsy were obtained from a monocentric cohort of 29 @entity1 . Clinical subgroups were defined by latent class model analysis of initial and follow-up parameters. Myopathological features were analysed using validated scores. @entity393 was determined on reconstructions of transversal sections and assessed in the different age groups to take into account variations of muscle capillarization during post-natal development. Regression models were used to identify initial predictors of therapeutic response. RESULTS: Two distinct homogeneous subgroups of @entity1 were identified according to clinical severity and pathological findings. The smallest group of @entity1 (7/29) presented with severe JDM. Compared with the other group (22/29), @entity1 had more severe @entity425 at disease onset, low remission rate at 12 months, frequent @entity4 or @entity344 and higher myopathological scores (capillary dropout, perifascicular @entity39 /regeneration, fibres with internal myonuclei and @entity82 subscores). Relevance of capillary dropout to JDM severity was substantiated by age-based analysis, confirming its major role in JDM pathophysiology. Most of these manifestations could be related to @entity455 (limb @entity4 , @entity344 , capillary dropout). Furthermore, Childhood @entity5442 Assessment Scale <34 with either @entity344 or muscle endomysial @entity82 at disease onset were the best predictors of poor response to treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity455 is prominent in severe JDM. Simple criteria can be used at initial evaluation to identify @entity1 requiring a more intensive therapy.

title: XXXX -related clinical and pathological features are associated with severe juvenile dermatomyositis.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vasculopathy', 'vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema', 'subcutaneous limb oedema']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal (GI) involvement', 'GI involvement']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['Capillary loss']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['Vasculopathy']


abstract: Gastric occult blood screening has been performed for 242296 @entity1 from 1986 to 1993. 30227 @entity1 had positive reactions to the occult blood reagent. Among them, 17915 @entity1 were asked to accept gastroscopy exam, and 638 @entity356 were found. The @entity5 detection rates were 3.56%. 4774 @entity1 were asked to accept screening twice and 203 @entity1 were asked to accept screening three times. After follow-up, the @entity5 detection rates were 2.11% for occult blood positive group if the screening was conducted once a year. The missing case was 0.77% for negative group and it was 0.05% in the same group if the screening was performed twice. Lastly, the missing case would be decreased to 0% when the @entity1 undergone the exam, for three times in continuity. Two thirds of @entity1 still belonged to the early-middle stage of @entity5 . The 5-year survival rates were 95.2%. The missing case of @entity5 would be reduced to 0% if the screening was conducted for three years in continuity. The @entity204 rates were deducted as well. It is certified that this method is the most effective and reliable way for reducing the @entity204 rate of @entity5 and screening of the upper digestive tract @entity5 .

title: Inspection for @entity356 at regular intervals is the optimum program for the screening of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal-gastric cancers']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['esophageal-gastric cancer']


abstract: Gastric occult blood screening has been performed for 242296 @entity1 from 1986 to 1993. 30227 @entity1 had positive reactions to the occult blood reagent. Among them, 17915 @entity1 were asked to accept gastroscopy exam, and 638 @entity356 were found. The @entity5 detection rates were 3.56%. 4774 @entity1 were asked to accept screening twice and 203 @entity1 were asked to accept screening three times. After follow-up, the @entity5 detection rates were 2.11% for occult blood positive group if the screening was conducted once a year. The missing case was 0.77% for negative group and it was 0.05% in the same group if the screening was performed twice. Lastly, the missing case would be decreased to 0% when the @entity1 undergone the exam, for three times in continuity. Two thirds of @entity1 still belonged to the early-middle stage of @entity5 . The 5-year survival rates were 95.2%. The missing case of @entity5 would be reduced to 0% if the screening was conducted for three years in continuity. The @entity204 rates were deducted as well. It is certified that this method is the most effective and reliable way for reducing the @entity204 rate of @entity5 and screening of the upper digestive tract @entity5 .

title: Inspection for XXXX at regular intervals is the optimum program for the screening of @entity356 .

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric occult blood']


abstract: From October 1987 to June 1993, 105 @entity1 with liver @entity130 including 71 @entity1 with @entity1230 were admitted to the emergency unit of the H  pital Sud in Marseilles. Mean age was 32 +/- 15 years, ranging from 16 to 77 years. 77 were male and 28 were female. 83 cases presented with closed @entity130 , and there were 11 by knife wounds and 11 gun shot injuries. 22 @entity1 , including 10 with @entity1230 , were not operated. Operation was decided immediately in 38 cases for @entity3485 or during the following six hours because of unstable blood pressure after four units of blood transfusion. The absorbable perihepatic mesh was used by 3 surgeons and 3 others used classical procedures (sutures, packing). Global mortality was 15%. The morbidity (31%) was not different from other reports but was significantly lower when using the mesh (p = 0.002). This technique can achieve rapid and lasting hemostasis and bilistasis without any increase of @entity1448 or @entity99 compared to conventional procedures, and without any alteration of laboratory parameters, as shown by specific laboratory tests and follow-up liver biopsies. The mesh also avoids compression of the adjacent organs, compared to packing, thereby avoiding respiratory and @entity8 and reoperation. It can be used in a septic context and in combination with all kinds of radiologic follow-up and percutaneous @entity1173 and drainage.

title: [Current place of thr perihepatic absorbable mesh. Apropos of a series of 105 XXXX of the liver].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple trauma']

entities_list: @entity3485 :: ('MESH:D020896', 'Disease') :: ['hypovolemia']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic cytolysis']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['traumas']


abstract: PURPOSE AND METHODS: We reviewed 64 orthopedic stabilization procedures in 60 consecutive @entity1 diagnosed with @entity3 to previously unirradiated femurs, acetabula, and humeri with pathologic or impending pathologic @entity174 . Thirty-five @entity1 who received adjuvant postoperative radiation therapy were compared with 29 @entity1 who were treated with surgery alone. Many potential perioperative and @entity5 prognostic variables were evaluated. RESULTS: On univariate analysis, surgery plus radiation therapy and prefracture functional status were the only significant predictors of @entity1 who achieved normal use of the extremity (with or without @entity158 ) after surgery; on Cox multivariate analysis, only postoperative radiation therapy was significant (P = .02). Surgery-related factors such as use of @entity3677 , location of @entity174 , and type of surgery were not associated with improved functional status. The estimated probability of achieving normal use of the extremity (with or without @entity158 ) any time was 53% for postoperative radiation therapy versus 11.5% for surgery alone (P < .01). Second orthopedic procedures to the same site were more frequent in the group that received surgery alone. The actuarial median survival duration of the surgery-alone group was 3.3 months, compared with 12.4 months for the postoperative radiation therapy group (P = .02). CONCLUSION: While this study is limited by possible unaccountable selection biases, only postoperative radiation therapy was associated with @entity1 regaining normal use of their extremity (with or without @entity158 ) and undergoing fewer reoperations to the same site. The improved overall survival associated with postoperative radiation therapy may represent selection bias.

title: Impact of postoperative radiation therapy and other perioperative factors on outcome after orthopedic stabilization of impending or pathologic fractures due to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity3677 :: ('MESH:D020366', 'Chemical') :: ['methylmethacrylate']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastatic disease']


abstract: 1. In order to evaluate whether treatment with different antihypertensive drugs would affect plasma @entity2002 levels, 118 mild to moderate essential @entity101 subjects, all males, aged 18 to 65 years, were randomly treated with @entity3591 10 mg, @entity2165 100 mg, @entity918 25 mg or @entity3593 20 mg, all given once daily for 8 weeks. 2. Before and after 8 weeks' treatment, blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), @entity2002 , total @entity165 (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C, @entity1674 (TG), plasma @entity413 , plasma @entity414 , serum @entity1011 and serum @entity972 were evaluated. 3. All four medications significantly reduced BP values, although the BP lowering effect of @entity3593 , @entity3591 and @entity2165 was significantly greater compared with that of @entity918 . 4. Plasma @entity2002 levels were unaffected by @entity2165 , @entity918 and @entity3591 , whereas they were significantly decreased by @entity3593 (-11.2%, P = 0.002). This @entity2002 lowering effect was more evident in smokers (-17.7%) than in non smokers (-7.4%). 5. @entity2165 and @entity3591 did not significantly affect plasma lipids, @entity918 increased TC, LDL-C and TG and reduced HDL-C; @entity3593 increased HDL-C and decreased TC and LDL-C. 6. @entity918 increased plasma @entity413 and @entity414 concentrations, which were unaffected by the other drugs. The diuretic also reduced serum @entity972 . 7. The results of this study indicate that @entity3593 reduces levels of plasma @entity2002 and confirm that different antihypertensive drugs may elicit different metabolic effects, which may variously influence the overall risk profile of the @entity101 @entity1 .

title: Effects of different antihypertensive drugs on plasma @entity2002 in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrochlorothiazide', 'hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity3593 :: ('MESH:D017706', 'Chemical') :: ['lisinopril']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['Atenolol', 'atenolol']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']