abstract: The chemosensitivity of @entity1 @entity320 cells has been studied before and after continuous in vitro culture. Altogether, nine cell lines were studied, two derived from @entity1 ' biopsies, and seven from xenografts in athymic @entity19 . The sensitivity to the agents DTIC ( @entity2699 ), @entity17908 ( @entity11770 ), @entity4174 , @entity5713 , abrin and ricin was assayed. Furthermore, in five cases the chemosensitivity of the cell lines was compared to that of @entity5 obtained by injecting the cell lines into athymic @entity19 . In all cases the sensitivity was measured in an in vitro soft agar assay. Upon cultivation in vitro, two of the cell lines, one derived from a @entity1 's @entity3 and one from a xenograft in athymic @entity19 , showed marked increases in sensitivity to some of the drugs, whereas sensitivity to other drugs showed little or no change. For the other cell lines small, but definite increases or decreases in chemosensitivity were observed. Permanent cultures showed the same chemosensitivity as early subcultures. The @entity5 formed by injecting the cell lines into athymic @entity19 showed moderate changes in chemosensitivity, as compared to the cell lines in vitro. The data indicate that considerable changes in chemosensitivity may occur when cells are brought from in vitro to in vitro conditions and vice versa and that such changes may be highly specific. Therefore, although cell lines may be useful in some respects, they should be used with caution in attempts to evaluate quantitatively the sensitivity of @entity1 @entity5 to cancerostatic drugs.

title: The usefulness of @entity1 @entity5 cell lines in the study of chemosensitivity. A study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4174 :: ('MESH:D011344', 'Chemical') :: ['procarbazine']

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['Dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity11770 :: ('MESH:D008130', 'Chemical') :: ['Lomustine']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['malignant melanomas']


abstract: The chemosensitivity of @entity1 @entity320 cells has been studied before and after continuous in vitro culture. Altogether, nine cell lines were studied, two derived from @entity1 ' biopsies, and seven from xenografts in athymic @entity19 . The sensitivity to the agents DTIC ( @entity2699 ), @entity17908 ( @entity11770 ), @entity4174 , @entity5713 , abrin and ricin was assayed. Furthermore, in five cases the chemosensitivity of the cell lines was compared to that of @entity5 obtained by injecting the cell lines into athymic @entity19 . In all cases the sensitivity was measured in an in vitro soft agar assay. Upon cultivation in vitro, two of the cell lines, one derived from a @entity1 's @entity3 and one from a xenograft in athymic @entity19 , showed marked increases in sensitivity to some of the drugs, whereas sensitivity to other drugs showed little or no change. For the other cell lines small, but definite increases or decreases in chemosensitivity were observed. Permanent cultures showed the same chemosensitivity as early subcultures. The @entity5 formed by injecting the cell lines into athymic @entity19 showed moderate changes in chemosensitivity, as compared to the cell lines in vitro. The data indicate that considerable changes in chemosensitivity may occur when cells are brought from in vitro to in vitro conditions and vice versa and that such changes may be highly specific. Therefore, although cell lines may be useful in some respects, they should be used with caution in attempts to evaluate quantitatively the sensitivity of @entity1 @entity5 to cancerostatic drugs.

title: The usefulness of @entity1 XXXX cell lines in the study of chemosensitivity. A study of @entity320 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: The chemosensitivity of @entity1 @entity320 cells has been studied before and after continuous in vitro culture. Altogether, nine cell lines were studied, two derived from @entity1 ' biopsies, and seven from xenografts in athymic @entity19 . The sensitivity to the agents DTIC ( @entity2699 ), @entity17908 ( @entity11770 ), @entity4174 , @entity5713 , abrin and ricin was assayed. Furthermore, in five cases the chemosensitivity of the cell lines was compared to that of @entity5 obtained by injecting the cell lines into athymic @entity19 . In all cases the sensitivity was measured in an in vitro soft agar assay. Upon cultivation in vitro, two of the cell lines, one derived from a @entity1 's @entity3 and one from a xenograft in athymic @entity19 , showed marked increases in sensitivity to some of the drugs, whereas sensitivity to other drugs showed little or no change. For the other cell lines small, but definite increases or decreases in chemosensitivity were observed. Permanent cultures showed the same chemosensitivity as early subcultures. The @entity5 formed by injecting the cell lines into athymic @entity19 showed moderate changes in chemosensitivity, as compared to the cell lines in vitro. The data indicate that considerable changes in chemosensitivity may occur when cells are brought from in vitro to in vitro conditions and vice versa and that such changes may be highly specific. Therefore, although cell lines may be useful in some respects, they should be used with caution in attempts to evaluate quantitatively the sensitivity of @entity1 @entity5 to cancerostatic drugs.

title: The usefulness of XXXX @entity5 cell lines in the study of chemosensitivity. A study of @entity320 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Terminal differentiation of B cells depends on two interconnected survival pathways, elicited by the B-cell receptor (BCR) and the @entity65975 ( @entity65975 ), respectively. Loss of either signaling pathway arrests B-cell development. Although BCR-dependent survival depends mainly on the activation of the v- @entity1994 @entity19 thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 ( @entity1994 )/PI3-kinase network, @entity15938 / @entity65975 -mediated survival engages non-canonical NF-kB signaling as well as MAPK/extracellular-signal regulated kinase and @entity1994 /PI3-kinase modules to allow proper B-cell development. Plasma cell survival, however, is independent of @entity65975 and regulated by APRIL that signals NF-kB activation via alternative receptors, that is, @entity71560 ( @entity71560 ) or B-cell maturation (BCMA). All these complex signaling events are believed to secure survival by increased expression of anti-apoptotic @entity1379 ( @entity1379 ) family proteins in developing and mature B cells. Curiously, how lack of @entity15938 - or APRIL-mediated signaling triggers B-cell apoptosis remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that two pro-apoptotic members of the ' @entity1379 homology domain 3-only' subgroup of the @entity1379 family, @entity1379 interacting mediator of cell death (Bim) and @entity22439 (Bmf), mediate apoptosis in the context of @entity71560 -Ig overexpression that effectively neutralizes @entity15938 as well as APRIL. Surprisingly, although @entity1379 overexpression triggers B-cell @entity1373 exceeding the one observed in Bim(-/-)Bmf(-/-) @entity19 , @entity1379 transgenic B cells remain susceptible to the effects of @entity71560 -Ig expression in vivo, leading to ameliorated pathology in @entity56289 - @entity1379 @entity19 . Together, our findings shed new light on the molecular machinery restricting B-cell survival during development, normal homeostasis and under pathological conditions. Our data further suggest that @entity1379 antagonists might improve the potency of @entity15938 /APRIL-depletion strategies in B-cell-driven pathologies.Cell Death and Differentiation advance online publication, 20 February 2015; doi:10.1038/cdd.2015.8.

title: Combined loss of the BH3-only proteins Bim and Bmf restores B-cell development and function in XXXX -Ig @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity71560 :: ('57916(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['transmembrane activator and CAML interactor', 'TACI']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice', 'murine']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

answer: @entity71560 :: (57916(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['TACI']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Terminal differentiation of B cells depends on two interconnected survival pathways, elicited by the B-cell receptor (BCR) and the @entity65975 ( @entity65975 ), respectively. Loss of either signaling pathway arrests B-cell development. Although BCR-dependent survival depends mainly on the activation of the v- @entity1994 @entity19 thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 ( @entity1994 )/PI3-kinase network, @entity15938 / @entity65975 -mediated survival engages non-canonical NF-kB signaling as well as MAPK/extracellular-signal regulated kinase and @entity1994 /PI3-kinase modules to allow proper B-cell development. Plasma cell survival, however, is independent of @entity65975 and regulated by APRIL that signals NF-kB activation via alternative receptors, that is, @entity71560 ( @entity71560 ) or B-cell maturation (BCMA). All these complex signaling events are believed to secure survival by increased expression of anti-apoptotic @entity1379 ( @entity1379 ) family proteins in developing and mature B cells. Curiously, how lack of @entity15938 - or APRIL-mediated signaling triggers B-cell apoptosis remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that two pro-apoptotic members of the ' @entity1379 homology domain 3-only' subgroup of the @entity1379 family, @entity1379 interacting mediator of cell death (Bim) and @entity22439 (Bmf), mediate apoptosis in the context of @entity71560 -Ig overexpression that effectively neutralizes @entity15938 as well as APRIL. Surprisingly, although @entity1379 overexpression triggers B-cell @entity1373 exceeding the one observed in Bim(-/-)Bmf(-/-) @entity19 , @entity1379 transgenic B cells remain susceptible to the effects of @entity71560 -Ig expression in vivo, leading to ameliorated pathology in @entity56289 - @entity1379 @entity19 . Together, our findings shed new light on the molecular machinery restricting B-cell survival during development, normal homeostasis and under pathological conditions. Our data further suggest that @entity1379 antagonists might improve the potency of @entity15938 /APRIL-depletion strategies in B-cell-driven pathologies.Cell Death and Differentiation advance online publication, 20 February 2015; doi:10.1038/cdd.2015.8.

title: Combined loss of the BH3-only proteins Bim and Bmf restores B-cell development and function in @entity71560 -Ig XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['transgenic mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Surgical treatment of extensive cervicofacial @entity600 is often challenging due to a high rate of postoperative fluid re-accumulation and lesion recurrence resulting from incomplete resection. This study suggests a combined treatment of surgical resection and postoperative adjuvant @entity1012 sclerotherapy via closed suction drainage. Using comparative analysis, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant sclerotherapy. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on @entity1 who underwent surgical resection of cervicofacial @entity600 between January 2009 and July 2013. @entity1 were divided into two groups based on whether or not adjuvant @entity1012 sclerotherapy was administered via closed suction drainage after surgery. Both surgery-related and adjuvant sclerotherapy-related complications were assessed, and treatment effectiveness was measured based on the change in Cologne Disease Score (CDS) or the need for further treatment. RESULTS: A total of 17 @entity1 underwent surgical resection. Nine of these @entity1 underwent surgical resection only, while the other eight underwent surgical resection with adjuvant @entity1012 sclerotherapy. The increase in total Cologne Disease Score (CDS) and change of progression parameters were significantly higher for the adjuvant sclerotherapy group compared to the surgery-only group. Additionally, there were no cases of postoperative lymphatic fluid retention among the adjuvant sclerotherapy group. The two groups exhibited similar complication rates with no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Adjuvant @entity1012 sclerotherapy via closed suction drainage is a safe and effective treatment modality. The combination of surgical resection and post-operative adjuvant sclerotherapy via closed suction drainage should be integrated into the treatment algorithm of extensive cervicofacial @entity600 .

title: Postoperative adjuvant XXXX sclerotherapy for treatment of cervicofacial @entity600 : An outcomes comparison.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic malformation', 'lymphatic malformations']

answer: @entity1012 :: (MESH:D010844,Chemical) :: ['OK-432']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Surgical treatment of extensive cervicofacial @entity600 is often challenging due to a high rate of postoperative fluid re-accumulation and lesion recurrence resulting from incomplete resection. This study suggests a combined treatment of surgical resection and postoperative adjuvant @entity1012 sclerotherapy via closed suction drainage. Using comparative analysis, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant sclerotherapy. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on @entity1 who underwent surgical resection of cervicofacial @entity600 between January 2009 and July 2013. @entity1 were divided into two groups based on whether or not adjuvant @entity1012 sclerotherapy was administered via closed suction drainage after surgery. Both surgery-related and adjuvant sclerotherapy-related complications were assessed, and treatment effectiveness was measured based on the change in Cologne Disease Score (CDS) or the need for further treatment. RESULTS: A total of 17 @entity1 underwent surgical resection. Nine of these @entity1 underwent surgical resection only, while the other eight underwent surgical resection with adjuvant @entity1012 sclerotherapy. The increase in total Cologne Disease Score (CDS) and change of progression parameters were significantly higher for the adjuvant sclerotherapy group compared to the surgery-only group. Additionally, there were no cases of postoperative lymphatic fluid retention among the adjuvant sclerotherapy group. The two groups exhibited similar complication rates with no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Adjuvant @entity1012 sclerotherapy via closed suction drainage is a safe and effective treatment modality. The combination of surgical resection and post-operative adjuvant sclerotherapy via closed suction drainage should be integrated into the treatment algorithm of extensive cervicofacial @entity600 .

title: Postoperative adjuvant @entity1012 sclerotherapy for treatment of cervicofacial XXXX : An outcomes comparison.

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['lymphatic malformations']


abstract: A total of 37 thymic @entity5 was studied out of which 29 proved to be of epithelial origin. @entity704 may be accompanied by a minimal, marked or an overwhelming lymphoid reaction, pointing to the degree of the cellular defensive mechanism. According to the findings, two main types of @entity704 with minimal lymphoid reaction (light and dark cell types) can be distinguished. All the 7 light cell thymomas with minimal lymphoid reaction proved to be malignant in their clinical course. @entity704 of light cell origin with marked lymphoid reaction may be clinically benign or malignant. @entity704 with overwhelming lymphoid reaction were clinically benign. The clinical behavior of the dark cell thymomas was benign. The dark cell thymomas could be divided into subgroups with solid, lacunar and spindle cell forms. Three @entity1893 were observed. The T cell origin of one of these @entity5 was demonstrated immunologically. All the five cases of @entity978 were morphologically identical to the modular sclerotic form of lymphogranulomatosis.

title: Morphologic and clinico-pathologic features of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hodgkin type thymic lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity704 :: ('MESH:D013945', 'Disease') :: ['Thymomas', 'thymoma']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['Hodgkin type thymic lymphoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['thymus tumours']


abstract: @entity1838 encodes six resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux systems which function in antimicrobial resistance, virulence factor production, and intestinal colonization. Among the six RND efflux systems, VexAB exhibited broad substrate specificity and played a predominant role in intrinsic antimicrobial resistance. The VexAB system was encoded in an apparent three gene operon that included vexR; which encodes an uncharacterized TetR family regulator. In this work we examined the role of vexR in vexRAB expression. We found that VexR bound to the vexRAB promoter and vexR deletion resulted in decreased vexRAB expression and increased susceptibility to VexAB antimicrobial substrates. Substrate-dependent induction of vexRAB was dependent on vexR and episomal vexR expression provided a growth advantage in the presence of the VexAB substrate @entity6743 . The expression of vexRAB increased, in a vexR-dependent manner, in response to the loss of RND efflux activity. This suggested that VexAB may function to export intracellular metabolites. Support for this hypothesis was provided by data showing that vexRAB was upregulated in several metabolic mutants including @entity2340 biosynthetic mutants that were predicted to accumulate @entity104 . In addition, vexRAB was found to be upregulated in response to exogenous @entity104 and to contribute to @entity104 resistance. The collective results indicate that vexR is required for vexRAB expression in response to VexAB substrates and that the VexAB RND efflux system modulates the intracellular levels of metabolites that could otherwise accumulate to toxic levels.

title: Substrate-Dependent Activation of the XXXX vexAB RND Efflux System Requires vexR.

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

entities_list: @entity6743 :: ('MESH:D003840', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxycholate']

entities_list: @entity1838 :: ('666', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio cholerae']

answer: @entity1838 :: (666,Species) :: ['Vibrio cholerae']


abstract: CONTEXT: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Whether differently expressed miRNAs contribute to promoting granulosa cell proliferation in @entity2670 ( @entity2670 ) remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: We explored whether certain miRNAs are involved in the @entity2670 of @entity2670 and the mechanism of increased granulosa cells proliferation. @entity1 and Cells: miRNA expression was analyzed in excised ovarian cortexes from 16 @entity1 with @entity2670 and 8 non- @entity2670 . An immortalized @entity1 granulosa (KGN) cell was used for the mechanism study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expressions of miRNAs in ovarian cortexes were measured using qRT-PCR and KGN granulosa cells were cultured for proliferation assays after overexpression or inhibition of @entity6956 or after @entity2690 treatment. Bioinformatics were used to identify the potential miRNA targets. Protein expression analysis, luciferase assays, and rescue assays were used to confirm the substrate of @entity6956 . RESULTS: @entity6956 expression was higher in @entity2670 ovarian cortex and its identified target, @entity994 , was downregulated. @entity6956 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and G1 to S transition. Knocking down @entity994 promoted cell growth and cell cycle progression in granulosa cells, and @entity994 re-introduction reversed the promotional role of @entity6956 . High concentrations of @entity2690 induced upregulation of @entity6956 , stimulated KGN cells proliferation and reduced @entity994 expression. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6956 was increased in @entity2670 granulosa cells and targeted @entity994 to promote proliferation and cell cycle progression. @entity2690 could upregulate the expression of @entity6956 and stimulate cell proliferation. This might provide a new insight into the dysfunction of granulosa cells in @entity2670 .

title: @entity6956 Promotes Ovarian Granulosa Cells Proliferation Through Targeting XXXX in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian dysfunction', 'polycystic ovarian syndrome disease', 'PCOS']

answer: @entity994 :: (1026,Gene) :: ['CDKN1A']


abstract: CONTEXT: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Whether differently expressed miRNAs contribute to promoting granulosa cell proliferation in @entity2670 ( @entity2670 ) remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: We explored whether certain miRNAs are involved in the @entity2670 of @entity2670 and the mechanism of increased granulosa cells proliferation. @entity1 and Cells: miRNA expression was analyzed in excised ovarian cortexes from 16 @entity1 with @entity2670 and 8 non- @entity2670 . An immortalized @entity1 granulosa (KGN) cell was used for the mechanism study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expressions of miRNAs in ovarian cortexes were measured using qRT-PCR and KGN granulosa cells were cultured for proliferation assays after overexpression or inhibition of @entity6956 or after @entity2690 treatment. Bioinformatics were used to identify the potential miRNA targets. Protein expression analysis, luciferase assays, and rescue assays were used to confirm the substrate of @entity6956 . RESULTS: @entity6956 expression was higher in @entity2670 ovarian cortex and its identified target, @entity994 , was downregulated. @entity6956 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and G1 to S transition. Knocking down @entity994 promoted cell growth and cell cycle progression in granulosa cells, and @entity994 re-introduction reversed the promotional role of @entity6956 . High concentrations of @entity2690 induced upregulation of @entity6956 , stimulated KGN cells proliferation and reduced @entity994 expression. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6956 was increased in @entity2670 granulosa cells and targeted @entity994 to promote proliferation and cell cycle progression. @entity2690 could upregulate the expression of @entity6956 and stimulate cell proliferation. This might provide a new insight into the dysfunction of granulosa cells in @entity2670 .

title: XXXX Promotes Ovarian Granulosa Cells Proliferation Through Targeting @entity994 in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

answer: @entity6956 :: (407051,Gene) :: ['MicroRNA-93']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the rate control in the @entity101 @entity1 and to identify the predictive factors of non-control. METHODS: It was about a cross-sectional study with prospective collection of data over a period of 36months. It has been held in Brazzaville, and included a consecutive series of 620 @entity101 @entity1 known and treated for at least 6weeks, having profited from an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) with therapeutic aiming. We used the TONOPORT V and the software Cardiosoft 6.51 of GE Health Care, respectively for the recording and the data analysis. The threshold fixed on the average of 24-hour was BP<130/80mmHg, and the @entity1 divided into two groups according to whether they were or not controlled. RESULTS: They were 352 @entity1 (56.8%) and 268 @entity1 (43.2%), old on average of 53.8  9.7years (ranges: 29 and 89years). The standard of living of the @entity1 was average in 330 cases (53.2%), weak in 132 cases (21.3%), and high in 71 cases (11.5%). The other associated risk factors were sedentariness in 275 cases (44.4%), overweight/ @entity28 in 134 cases (21.6%), @entity2299 in 121 cases (19.5%), @entity6 in 90 cases (14.5%), and @entity286 addiction in 25 cases (4%). The @entity101 , old of 5.8  5.7 years on average, was controlled among 215 @entity1 (34.7%). The 24- hour BP average was 139  14mmHg for the @entity13519 and 88.2  10.2mmHg for the @entity13520 . The awake and asleep BP averages were respectively 141  14mmHg and 133  16.2mmHg for the @entity13519 , 90.5  10.5 and 81.2  11.1mmHg for the @entity13520 . The antihypertensive protocol used was a monotherapy in 130 cases (21%), bitherapy in 287 cases (46.3%), tritherapy in 154 cases (24.8%), quadritherapy or more in 27 cases (4.3%). Prevalence of non-dipping was 43%. Age and male gender were the significant predictors of poor control. CONCLUSION: The rate control of @entity101 in our study population remains low. Its improvement passes by the education of the @entity101 @entity1 and the improvement of their living conditions.

title: [ XXXX and rate control in Brazzaville (Congo): Place of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) may lead to myocardial preconditioning by increasing coronary collateral vessel recruitment in @entity1 with acute @entity1563 . AIM: To determine the relationship between the severity of @entity27 and @entity301 during @entity583 . METHODS: This study prospectively included 71 @entity1 with an inaugural @entity583 who had undergone a coronary angiography within 24h of onset. All @entity1 underwent an overnight polygraph before discharge and were classified according to the @entity27 index (AHI). Coronary collaterals were scored by visual analyses and according to the Rentrop grading system. RESULTS: Mean age was 59  11years and 83% of @entity1 were @entity1 . All @entity1 had complete or subtotal occlusion of the @entity1188 . After the sleep study, @entity1 were divided into two groups: 25 were suffering from @entity27 (AHI>15/h). @entity1 with @entity27 showed better collateral vessel development (Rentrop score>= 1) compared to non- @entity27 @entity1 (68 vs. 41%, P=0.032). AHI was significantly higher in @entity1 with developed coronary collaterals (Rentrop>= 1) compared to those without collaterality (17.74  13.2 vs. 12.24  10.9, P=0.025). CONCLUSION: Coronary collateral development may be increased in @entity27 @entity1 who are presenting with a first @entity583 .

title: XXXX in recruitment of @entity301 during inaugural @entity583 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary collaterality']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea', 'obstructive sleep apnea', 'Obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['Impact of obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) may lead to myocardial preconditioning by increasing coronary collateral vessel recruitment in @entity1 with acute @entity1563 . AIM: To determine the relationship between the severity of @entity27 and @entity301 during @entity583 . METHODS: This study prospectively included 71 @entity1 with an inaugural @entity583 who had undergone a coronary angiography within 24h of onset. All @entity1 underwent an overnight polygraph before discharge and were classified according to the @entity27 index (AHI). Coronary collaterals were scored by visual analyses and according to the Rentrop grading system. RESULTS: Mean age was 59  11years and 83% of @entity1 were @entity1 . All @entity1 had complete or subtotal occlusion of the @entity1188 . After the sleep study, @entity1 were divided into two groups: 25 were suffering from @entity27 (AHI>15/h). @entity1 with @entity27 showed better collateral vessel development (Rentrop score>= 1) compared to non- @entity27 @entity1 (68 vs. 41%, P=0.032). AHI was significantly higher in @entity1 with developed coronary collaterals (Rentrop>= 1) compared to those without collaterality (17.74  13.2 vs. 12.24  10.9, P=0.025). CONCLUSION: Coronary collateral development may be increased in @entity27 @entity1 who are presenting with a first @entity583 .

title: @entity27 in recruitment of XXXX during inaugural @entity583 .

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary collaterality']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) may lead to myocardial preconditioning by increasing coronary collateral vessel recruitment in @entity1 with acute @entity1563 . AIM: To determine the relationship between the severity of @entity27 and @entity301 during @entity583 . METHODS: This study prospectively included 71 @entity1 with an inaugural @entity583 who had undergone a coronary angiography within 24h of onset. All @entity1 underwent an overnight polygraph before discharge and were classified according to the @entity27 index (AHI). Coronary collaterals were scored by visual analyses and according to the Rentrop grading system. RESULTS: Mean age was 59  11years and 83% of @entity1 were @entity1 . All @entity1 had complete or subtotal occlusion of the @entity1188 . After the sleep study, @entity1 were divided into two groups: 25 were suffering from @entity27 (AHI>15/h). @entity1 with @entity27 showed better collateral vessel development (Rentrop score>= 1) compared to non- @entity27 @entity1 (68 vs. 41%, P=0.032). AHI was significantly higher in @entity1 with developed coronary collaterals (Rentrop>= 1) compared to those without collaterality (17.74  13.2 vs. 12.24  10.9, P=0.025). CONCLUSION: Coronary collateral development may be increased in @entity27 @entity1 who are presenting with a first @entity583 .

title: @entity27 in recruitment of @entity301 during inaugural XXXX .

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Elucidation of cellular mechanisms regulating myometrial contractility is crucial for improvement in management of many @entity854 , such as @entity3465 , uterine @entity1266 and post-partum @entity548 . Myometrial contractions are triggered by periodic synchronous rises in intracellular @entity460 concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) elicited by spontaneously generated action potentials propagating throughout the entire myometrium. During labour, hormones like @entity398 and @entity2918 potentiate uterine contractions by increasing their duration, strength and frequency. The most informative approach to studying the mechanisms underlying hormonal modulation of uterine contractility is to record [ @entity141 ]i responses to hormones in intact myometrial samples that have not been subjected to enzymatic treatment for cell isolation or cell culture conditions. However, the spatio-temporal resolution of such recording is limited due to the motion artifacts occurring in contracting tissue. Here we describe the application of our newly developed motion correction algorithm to investigate the [ @entity141 ]i dynamics in control and @entity398 stimulated slices of @entity1 myometrium on a cellular level. We present evidence that @entity398 induces asynchronous [ @entity141 ]i oscillations in individual myocytes within intact myometrium which are similar to those observed in cultured cells. The oscillations occur between synchronous action potential-driven [ @entity141 ]i transients but appear to be unrelated to contractions. Furthermore, the @entity398 -triggered [ @entity141 ]i oscillations wane within 30-50min of hormone application, while the action potential induced [ @entity141 ]i transients remain augmented. We conclude that @entity398 -induced [ @entity141 ]i oscillations are not relevant to the acute regulation of myometrial contractility but may play a role in longer-term regulatory processes, for example, by triggering gene expression.

title: Single-cell mechanics and XXXX signalling in organotypic slices of @entity1 myometrium.

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['premature delivery']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Elucidation of cellular mechanisms regulating myometrial contractility is crucial for improvement in management of many @entity854 , such as @entity3465 , uterine @entity1266 and post-partum @entity548 . Myometrial contractions are triggered by periodic synchronous rises in intracellular @entity460 concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) elicited by spontaneously generated action potentials propagating throughout the entire myometrium. During labour, hormones like @entity398 and @entity2918 potentiate uterine contractions by increasing their duration, strength and frequency. The most informative approach to studying the mechanisms underlying hormonal modulation of uterine contractility is to record [ @entity141 ]i responses to hormones in intact myometrial samples that have not been subjected to enzymatic treatment for cell isolation or cell culture conditions. However, the spatio-temporal resolution of such recording is limited due to the motion artifacts occurring in contracting tissue. Here we describe the application of our newly developed motion correction algorithm to investigate the [ @entity141 ]i dynamics in control and @entity398 stimulated slices of @entity1 myometrium on a cellular level. We present evidence that @entity398 induces asynchronous [ @entity141 ]i oscillations in individual myocytes within intact myometrium which are similar to those observed in cultured cells. The oscillations occur between synchronous action potential-driven [ @entity141 ]i transients but appear to be unrelated to contractions. Furthermore, the @entity398 -triggered [ @entity141 ]i oscillations wane within 30-50min of hormone application, while the action potential induced [ @entity141 ]i transients remain augmented. We conclude that @entity398 -induced [ @entity141 ]i oscillations are not relevant to the acute regulation of myometrial contractility but may play a role in longer-term regulatory processes, for example, by triggering gene expression.

title: Single-cell mechanics and @entity460 signalling in organotypic slices of XXXX myometrium.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1555 are caused by mutations in @entity4714 . Cardiac manifestations vary broadly, making prognosis difficult. Current @entity4714 genotype-cardiac phenotype correlations are limited. For skeletal muscle, the reading-frame rule suggests in-frame mutations tend to yield milder phenotypes. We performed @entity4714 genotype-cardiac phenotype correlations using a protein-effect model and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. A translational model was applied to @entity1 -specific deletion, indel, and nonsense mutations to predict exons and protein domains present within truncated @entity4714 protein. @entity1 were dichotomized into predicted present and predicted absent groups for exons and protein domains of interest. Development of @entity296 (represented by late gadolinium enhancement [LGE]) and depressed @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) were compared. @entity1 (n  = 274) with predicted present @entity17416 ( @entity17416 ), C-terminal domain (CTD), and both the N-terminal actin-binding and cysteine-rich domains (ABD1  + @entity17416 ) had a decreased risk of LGE and trended toward greater freedom from LGE. @entity1 with predicted present CTD (exactly the same as those with in-frame mutations) and ABD1  + @entity17416 trended toward decreased risk of and greater freedom from depressed @entity1002 . In conclusion, genotypes previously implicated in altering the @entity299 phenotype were not significantly related to LGE and depressed @entity1002 . @entity1 with predicted present @entity17416 , CTD/in-frame mutations, and ABD1  + @entity17416 trended toward milder cardiac phenotypes, suggesting that the reading-frame rule may be applicable to the cardiac phenotype. Genotype-phenotype correlations may help predict the  cardiac phenotype for dystrophinopathic @entity1 and guide future therapies.

title: XXXX Genotype-Cardiac Phenotype Correlations in @entity1555 Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophinopathic cardiac']

entities_list: @entity17416 :: ('MESH:C565659', 'Disease') :: ['CRD', 'cysteine-rich domain']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular ejection fraction', 'LVEF']

answer: @entity4714 :: (1756,Gene) :: ['Dystrophin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1555 are caused by mutations in @entity4714 . Cardiac manifestations vary broadly, making prognosis difficult. Current @entity4714 genotype-cardiac phenotype correlations are limited. For skeletal muscle, the reading-frame rule suggests in-frame mutations tend to yield milder phenotypes. We performed @entity4714 genotype-cardiac phenotype correlations using a protein-effect model and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. A translational model was applied to @entity1 -specific deletion, indel, and nonsense mutations to predict exons and protein domains present within truncated @entity4714 protein. @entity1 were dichotomized into predicted present and predicted absent groups for exons and protein domains of interest. Development of @entity296 (represented by late gadolinium enhancement [LGE]) and depressed @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) were compared. @entity1 (n  = 274) with predicted present @entity17416 ( @entity17416 ), C-terminal domain (CTD), and both the N-terminal actin-binding and cysteine-rich domains (ABD1  + @entity17416 ) had a decreased risk of LGE and trended toward greater freedom from LGE. @entity1 with predicted present CTD (exactly the same as those with in-frame mutations) and ABD1  + @entity17416 trended toward decreased risk of and greater freedom from depressed @entity1002 . In conclusion, genotypes previously implicated in altering the @entity299 phenotype were not significantly related to LGE and depressed @entity1002 . @entity1 with predicted present @entity17416 , CTD/in-frame mutations, and ABD1  + @entity17416 trended toward milder cardiac phenotypes, suggesting that the reading-frame rule may be applicable to the cardiac phenotype. Genotype-phenotype correlations may help predict the  cardiac phenotype for dystrophinopathic @entity1 and guide future therapies.

title: @entity4714 Genotype-Cardiac Phenotype Correlations in XXXX Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

answer: @entity1555 :: (MESH:D020388,Disease) :: ['Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of our current research project is to further evaluate the role of risk factors in the pathogenesis of @entity195 ; these include genetic variations, environmental factors and lifestyle issues. METHODS: We have been conducting an association study on 373 @entity1 with @entity195 and 286 unrelated control individuals. The occurrence and the age of onset of @entity6 and @entity65 were evaluated in both groups. @entity2204 genotype was analyzed in all subjects by PCR method. RESULTS: We report that, in Czech population carrying @entity2204 allele increases risk of @entity195 2.1-fold and genotype E4E4 increases the risk 8.4-fold. We have also identified a significant association between @entity2204 allele, @entity195 and @entity101 . @entity101 subjects with the @entity2204 allele have 1.5-fold greater risk of @entity195 . Thus, @entity101 together with @entity2204 allele translates into 1.5-fold higher risk of @entity195 . The most intriguing original finding in the present study is that @entity195 @entity1 have significantly later onset of @entity6 , @entity101 and @entity64 in comparison with control subjects. This effect was not influenced by @entity2204 genotype. The @entity6 appeared in @entity195 @entity1 on average more than 10 years later than in the control subjects (p<0.0001), @entity101 was diagnosed 14 years later in @entity195 @entity1 (p<0.00001) and @entity64 occurred on average 6 years later (p<0.005), compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, in addition to the above novel findings, our study expands the data base on risk factors that could be used in near future when testing for the genetic risk of @entity195 .

title: @entity6 , @entity101 and XXXX - does Alzheimer protect you?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertensive', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['ApoE4', 'Apolipoprotein E', 'ApoE']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of our current research project is to further evaluate the role of risk factors in the pathogenesis of @entity195 ; these include genetic variations, environmental factors and lifestyle issues. METHODS: We have been conducting an association study on 373 @entity1 with @entity195 and 286 unrelated control individuals. The occurrence and the age of onset of @entity6 and @entity65 were evaluated in both groups. @entity2204 genotype was analyzed in all subjects by PCR method. RESULTS: We report that, in Czech population carrying @entity2204 allele increases risk of @entity195 2.1-fold and genotype E4E4 increases the risk 8.4-fold. We have also identified a significant association between @entity2204 allele, @entity195 and @entity101 . @entity101 subjects with the @entity2204 allele have 1.5-fold greater risk of @entity195 . Thus, @entity101 together with @entity2204 allele translates into 1.5-fold higher risk of @entity195 . The most intriguing original finding in the present study is that @entity195 @entity1 have significantly later onset of @entity6 , @entity101 and @entity64 in comparison with control subjects. This effect was not influenced by @entity2204 genotype. The @entity6 appeared in @entity195 @entity1 on average more than 10 years later than in the control subjects (p<0.0001), @entity101 was diagnosed 14 years later in @entity195 @entity1 (p<0.00001) and @entity64 occurred on average 6 years later (p<0.005), compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, in addition to the above novel findings, our study expands the data base on risk factors that could be used in near future when testing for the genetic risk of @entity195 .

title: @entity6 , XXXX and @entity64 - does Alzheimer protect you?

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of our current research project is to further evaluate the role of risk factors in the pathogenesis of @entity195 ; these include genetic variations, environmental factors and lifestyle issues. METHODS: We have been conducting an association study on 373 @entity1 with @entity195 and 286 unrelated control individuals. The occurrence and the age of onset of @entity6 and @entity65 were evaluated in both groups. @entity2204 genotype was analyzed in all subjects by PCR method. RESULTS: We report that, in Czech population carrying @entity2204 allele increases risk of @entity195 2.1-fold and genotype E4E4 increases the risk 8.4-fold. We have also identified a significant association between @entity2204 allele, @entity195 and @entity101 . @entity101 subjects with the @entity2204 allele have 1.5-fold greater risk of @entity195 . Thus, @entity101 together with @entity2204 allele translates into 1.5-fold higher risk of @entity195 . The most intriguing original finding in the present study is that @entity195 @entity1 have significantly later onset of @entity6 , @entity101 and @entity64 in comparison with control subjects. This effect was not influenced by @entity2204 genotype. The @entity6 appeared in @entity195 @entity1 on average more than 10 years later than in the control subjects (p<0.0001), @entity101 was diagnosed 14 years later in @entity195 @entity1 (p<0.00001) and @entity64 occurred on average 6 years later (p<0.005), compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, in addition to the above novel findings, our study expands the data base on risk factors that could be used in near future when testing for the genetic risk of @entity195 .

title: XXXX , @entity101 and @entity64 - does Alzheimer protect you?

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: AIMS AND BACKGROUND: In this retrospective analysis, we evaluated the use of stereotactic body radiation therapy in the management of adrenal metastases from @entity1149 and report our single center experience. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: Fifteen @entity1149 @entity1 (9 male, 6 female) with 17 adrenal metastases referred to Gulhane Military Medical Academy Radiation Oncology Department were treated using active breathing control-guided stereotactic body radiation therapy between December 2009 and October 2013. Dose per fraction was 10 Gy to deliver a total dose of 30 Gy over 3 consecutive days for all metastatic adrenal lesions. The mean gross @entity5 volume was 28.4 cc (range 6.6-101.5) and mean planning target volume was 57.4 cc (range 16.5-143.8). RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 16 months, local control was 86.7% and overall survival was 33.3%. Median disease-free survival was 10 months. Treatment response according to RECIST was categorized as complete response in 3 @entity1 (20%), partial response in 5 @entity1 (33.3%), stable disease in 5 @entity1 (33.3%), and progressive disease in 2 @entity1 (13.3%). Most common acute @entity137 was grade 1 @entity390 (n = 7) and grade 1 @entity1295 (n = 12). There was no case of grade >= 3 acute or late @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: Stereotactic body radiation therapy offers a safe and efficacious management strategy for adrenal metastases from @entity1149 by providing excellent local control with negligible treatment related @entity137 .

title: Evaluation of stereotactic body radiation therapy in the management of adrenal metastases from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity934 -sensitive @entity972 channel (IK( @entity1617 )) expresses only in the atrium, not in the ventricle. The main component of the @entity35 IK( @entity1617 ) channel is the Kir3.4 protein, and its encoding gene is the @entity66969 gene. IK( @entity1617 ) inhibitors provide a promising treatment for @entity955 without side effects on the ventricle. At present, however, there is no specific IK( @entity1617 ) inhibitor. Small interference RNA (siRNA) has the advantages of high specificity and high efficiency. Our aim is to use siRNA to inhibit the IK( @entity1617 ) channel on H9c2 cells derived from @entity35 cardiomyocytes. METHODS: Three pairs of siRNAs targeting the @entity35 IK( @entity1617 ) channel were synthesized. H9c2 cells were divided into six groups: control, negative siRNA control, siRNA sequence 1, siRNA sequence 2, siRNA sequence 3, and @entity2643 . The @entity66969 gene and Kir3.4 protein were measured, and IK( @entity1617 ) currents were recorded by patch-clamp. RESULTS: The negative siRNA control and siRNA sequence 1 had no inhibitory effects on the IK( @entity1617 ) channel. siRNA sequences 2 and 3 could cause a significant decrease in @entity66969 gene expression, Kir3.4 protein, and IK( @entity1617 ) currents (p<0.05). @entity2643 could inhibit the IK( @entity1617 ) currents but had no effect on @entity66969 gene expression and Kir3.4 protein. CONCLUSION: siRNA could effectively inhibit the IK( @entity1617 ) channel and is a potential therapy for @entity955 .

title: Effect of Small Interference RNA on the XXXX -Sensitive @entity972 Channel in H9c2 Cells.

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone', 'Amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['Acetylcholine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity934 -sensitive @entity972 channel (IK( @entity1617 )) expresses only in the atrium, not in the ventricle. The main component of the @entity35 IK( @entity1617 ) channel is the Kir3.4 protein, and its encoding gene is the @entity66969 gene. IK( @entity1617 ) inhibitors provide a promising treatment for @entity955 without side effects on the ventricle. At present, however, there is no specific IK( @entity1617 ) inhibitor. Small interference RNA (siRNA) has the advantages of high specificity and high efficiency. Our aim is to use siRNA to inhibit the IK( @entity1617 ) channel on H9c2 cells derived from @entity35 cardiomyocytes. METHODS: Three pairs of siRNAs targeting the @entity35 IK( @entity1617 ) channel were synthesized. H9c2 cells were divided into six groups: control, negative siRNA control, siRNA sequence 1, siRNA sequence 2, siRNA sequence 3, and @entity2643 . The @entity66969 gene and Kir3.4 protein were measured, and IK( @entity1617 ) currents were recorded by patch-clamp. RESULTS: The negative siRNA control and siRNA sequence 1 had no inhibitory effects on the IK( @entity1617 ) channel. siRNA sequences 2 and 3 could cause a significant decrease in @entity66969 gene expression, Kir3.4 protein, and IK( @entity1617 ) currents (p<0.05). @entity2643 could inhibit the IK( @entity1617 ) currents but had no effect on @entity66969 gene expression and Kir3.4 protein. CONCLUSION: siRNA could effectively inhibit the IK( @entity1617 ) channel and is a potential therapy for @entity955 .

title: Effect of Small Interference RNA on the @entity934 -Sensitive XXXX Channel in H9c2 Cells.

answer: @entity972 :: (MESH:D011188,Chemical) :: ['Potassium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 are relatively protected against @entity453 ( @entity453 ). Whether female gender has a similar protective influence on the development of @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ) has not been extensively investigated and was the main subject of our study. METHODS: We analysed 2707 consecutive @entity1 (2008 @entity1 and 699 @entity1 ) who underwent a first diagnostic coronary angiography for suspicion of @entity453 and 2367 consecutive @entity1 (1426 @entity1 and 941 @entity1 ) who underwent a first ankle arm index measurement because of suspicion of @entity3657 . RESULTS: We found that a positive diagnosis for @entity453 and @entity3657 was more common in @entity1 compared with @entity1 (80.7% vs 57.9%, p<0.0001 and 68.0% vs 60.7%, p<0.0001). Once @entity453 or @entity3657 was established, severity of disease was similar for @entity1 and @entity1 , which pleads against a referral bias. @entity1 had a reduced risk of @entity453 after adjustment for risk factors (odds ratio [OR] 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22-0.46, p<0.0001), but not of @entity3657 (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.66-1.03, p=NS). In @entity1 with @entity453 and in those with @entity3657 , @entity1 were older, more often had @entity6 and @entity101 , while @entity1 were more likely to be current smokers. @entity101 , smoking and @entity6 were associated with @entity453 in both @entity1 and @entity1 . Current smoking was associated with @entity3657 in @entity1 and @entity1 . @entity101 and @entity6 were associated with @entity3657 in @entity1 but not in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: After adjustment for risk factors, the female protection for @entity453 seems to less present for @entity3657 .

title: Differential effect of female gender on @entity453 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral artery disease', 'PAD']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity3657 :: (MESH:D058729,Disease) :: ['peripheral artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 are relatively protected against @entity453 ( @entity453 ). Whether female gender has a similar protective influence on the development of @entity3657 ( @entity3657 ) has not been extensively investigated and was the main subject of our study. METHODS: We analysed 2707 consecutive @entity1 (2008 @entity1 and 699 @entity1 ) who underwent a first diagnostic coronary angiography for suspicion of @entity453 and 2367 consecutive @entity1 (1426 @entity1 and 941 @entity1 ) who underwent a first ankle arm index measurement because of suspicion of @entity3657 . RESULTS: We found that a positive diagnosis for @entity453 and @entity3657 was more common in @entity1 compared with @entity1 (80.7% vs 57.9%, p<0.0001 and 68.0% vs 60.7%, p<0.0001). Once @entity453 or @entity3657 was established, severity of disease was similar for @entity1 and @entity1 , which pleads against a referral bias. @entity1 had a reduced risk of @entity453 after adjustment for risk factors (odds ratio [OR] 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22-0.46, p<0.0001), but not of @entity3657 (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.66-1.03, p=NS). In @entity1 with @entity453 and in those with @entity3657 , @entity1 were older, more often had @entity6 and @entity101 , while @entity1 were more likely to be current smokers. @entity101 , smoking and @entity6 were associated with @entity453 in both @entity1 and @entity1 . Current smoking was associated with @entity3657 in @entity1 and @entity1 . @entity101 and @entity6 were associated with @entity3657 in @entity1 but not in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: After adjustment for risk factors, the female protection for @entity453 seems to less present for @entity3657 .

title: Differential effect of female gender on XXXX and @entity3657 .

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A randomized trial was conducted prospectively to evaluate the efficacy, related complications, and convalescence of emergent retrograde ureteroscopic management, instead of percutaneous nephrostomy for decompression of the collecting system in cases of @entity295 associated with @entity1695 . A total of 107 @entity1 undergoing ureteroscopic stone manipulation for ureteral stones completed the study protocol, 53 @entity1 in the percutaneous nephrostomy group, and 54 @entity1 in the emergent retrograde ureteroscopic management group. The primary end point was the time to normalization of WBC of 10,000/mm or less and temperature of 37.4    C or less. The second end point was the comparison analgesic consumption, length of stay, and related complications. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS(  ) version 14.0.1. The Mann-Whitney U test, Chi square test, and fisher's exact test was used as appropriate. The length of hospital stay (days) was 10.25      3.53 and 8.24      2.77 in the percutaneous nephrostomy group and emergent retrograde ureteroscopic management group, respectively, with significant difference (Table  2). However, @entity1 in the emergent retrograde ureteroscopic management group had a significantly higher rate of s body temperature (  C). Meanwhile, the analgesic consumptions are 31.51      11.16 and 40.00      14.54 in the percutaneous nephrostomy group and emergent retrograde ureteroscopic management group, respectively, with significant difference. Our results show that it can be effectively and safely managed by retrograde ureteroscopic management combined with strong antibiotics in select clinical situations. Ureteroscopic management should no longer be considered a contraindication for the treatment of @entity1 with @entity295 associated with obstructing ureteral stones.

title: Percutaneous nephrostomy versus ureteroscopic management of XXXX associated with ureteral stone impaction: a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1695 :: ('MESH:D014517', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral stone obstruction']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy (HPD) is performed to achieve radical resection of @entity5 . We reviewed clinical outcomes to evaluate the utility of HPD in terms of morbidity and mortality. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 17 @entity1 underwent HPD between August 1991 and May 2013; 9 @entity1126 , 5 advanced gallbladder and 3 @entity788 with liver @entity3 . RESULTS: The morbidity and mortality rates were 88.3% and 0%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that a body mass index of >= 22 and preoperative total @entity648 level >= 0.8 mg/dl were significantly associated with severe complications. One-, 3- and 5-year survival rate were 73.3%, 60.0% and 30.0%. In 14 @entity1 with @entity1125 , univariate analysis showed that a histological grade of G1 was significantly associated with survival. @entity1 without pancreatic invasion or portal vein invasion tended to survive longer than @entity1 with these types of invasion, although the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: HPD can be performed with no mortality and provides a survival benefit for some @entity1 with @entity1125 undergoing curative resection. In @entity1 with grade G1 @entity1125 without @entity788 in particular, this aggressive surgery might offer a chance of long-term survival.

title: Risk factors of morbidity and predictors of long-term survival after hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic tumor', 'pancreatic or portal vein invasion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant biliary tumors']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1126 :: ('MESH:D001650', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['biliary cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity14 ( @entity14 ) is one of the most common @entity5 , and liver @entity3 is one of the major causes of death of @entity14 . This study aimed to compare the genetic difference between metachronous lesions (MC) and @entity75 ( @entity75 ) and explore the molecular pathology of @entity14 @entity3 . METHODOLOGY: Microarray expression profile data (GSE10961) including 8 MC and 10 @entity75 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two groups were identified based on T test. Furthermore, GO enrichment analysis was performed for the down-regulated DEGs using DAVID. Finally, Classify validation of known @entity14 genes based on previous studies between MC and @entity75 samples was conducted. RESULTS: Total of 36 DEGs including 35 down-regulated DEGs and 1 up-regulated DEGs were identified. The expressional differences of the 5 informative oncogenes: EGFr, @entity10241 , @entity3840 ( @entity2247 ), @entity7542 ( @entity9859 ), and @entity1912 between @entity75 and MC were really tiny. CONCLUSIONS: Some DEGs, such as @entity46359 , @entity4493 , @entity63043 , @entity71561 and @entity8945 might play crucial roles in the regulation of @entity14 @entity3 (both @entity75 and MC) and by disrupting some pathways. However, our results indeed demand further research and experiment.

title: Comparison analysis in synchronous and metachronous metastatic XXXX based on microarray expression profile.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['SC', 'synchronous lesions']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer', 'CRC']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Five normal adults and 31 @entity1 with @entity741 were studied by stress test, and 201Tl was injected one min. before the end of the test. Myocardial scintigrams in three views were recorded @entity7743 ) after the injection. The myocardial wall was geometrically divided into 5 segments. At the area where the count rate (Cts) was highest in phase 0 scintigrams, the washout rate from phase i to j was defined as WRij = (maxCtsi-maxCtsj)/maxCtsi where Ctsi denoted Cts at phase i in the relevant area. The redistribution index (Rdsij) in each segment was defined as Rdsij = [Ctsi X WRij + (Ctsi - Ctsj)]/Ctsi, where Ctsi denoted Cts at phase i in the segment. The @entity63 segment was identified as 70% or less of maxCts 0, while the infarcted segment by VCG in phase 0 scintigram. Mean values of Rds 02 in the normal, @entity63 and infarcted segments were -6.1 +/- 5.6, 9.7 +/- 7.0 and 3.5 +/- 7.2%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (p less than 0.001). All the 26 @entity1 with anginal except one showed WR 12/WR 01 greater than 1.0. When the peak pressure rate product that attained at the test was 200 or more, it was significantly correlated with WR 02 (r = 0.80). The Redistribution index was helpful in quantitative assessment of the @entity63 segments. The finding of WR 12 greater than WR 01 after the stress was reliable in suggesting @entity741 .

title: [Quantitative evaluation of serial 201Tl Myocardial scintigrams after stress testing in XXXX (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease', 'myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['ischemic heart disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: All previous studies reported the benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in cirrhotic @entity1 with either a mixture of nonvariceal and variceal @entity548 or variceal @entity548 alone. Reports on sole peptic ulcers @entity548 are lacking. We aimed to assess the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis in cirrhotic @entity1 with peptic @entity1066 after endoscopic interventions and the risk factors associated with recurrent @entity548 . METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective chart review study was conducted on 148 cirrhotic @entity1 with acute peptic ulcer @entity548 who underwent therapeutic endoscopic procedures. @entity1 who received prophylactic intravenous @entity2756 were classified as group A (n  =  38) and those who did not receive antibiotics were classified as group B (n  =  110). The outcomes were prevention of @entity281 , length of hospital stay, time of rebleeding, and @entity204 . RESULTS: More @entity1 suffered from recurrent @entity548 and @entity281 in group B than those in group A (28.2 vs. 5.3  %; p  =  0.003, and 26.4 vs. 10.5  %; p  =  0.043, respectively). The risk factors associated with recurrent @entity548 were being male (OR  =  3.4; p  =  0.024), those with advanced stage of @entity82 with @entity1 -Pugh's class C (OR  =  3.8; p  <  0.001), and those without antibiotic prophylaxis (OR  =  8.9; p  =  0.003). The observed 30-day survival was virtually identical for both groups (p  =  0.279). CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic prophylaxis in cirrhotic @entity1 after endoscopic interventions for acute peptic ulcer @entity548 reduced @entity281 and decreased rebleeding. Male gender, @entity82 @entity1 -Pugh's class C, and no antibiotic prophylaxis were independent predictors of recurrent @entity548 . Further studies should be directed to explore ways to improve the overall outcome of these @entity1 .

title: The effect of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for cirrhotic @entity1 with peptic XXXX after endoscopic interventions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer bleeding']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcer bleeding']


abstract: PURPOSE: All previous studies reported the benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in cirrhotic @entity1 with either a mixture of nonvariceal and variceal @entity548 or variceal @entity548 alone. Reports on sole peptic ulcers @entity548 are lacking. We aimed to assess the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis in cirrhotic @entity1 with peptic @entity1066 after endoscopic interventions and the risk factors associated with recurrent @entity548 . METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective chart review study was conducted on 148 cirrhotic @entity1 with acute peptic ulcer @entity548 who underwent therapeutic endoscopic procedures. @entity1 who received prophylactic intravenous @entity2756 were classified as group A (n  =  38) and those who did not receive antibiotics were classified as group B (n  =  110). The outcomes were prevention of @entity281 , length of hospital stay, time of rebleeding, and @entity204 . RESULTS: More @entity1 suffered from recurrent @entity548 and @entity281 in group B than those in group A (28.2 vs. 5.3  %; p  =  0.003, and 26.4 vs. 10.5  %; p  =  0.043, respectively). The risk factors associated with recurrent @entity548 were being male (OR  =  3.4; p  =  0.024), those with advanced stage of @entity82 with @entity1 -Pugh's class C (OR  =  3.8; p  <  0.001), and those without antibiotic prophylaxis (OR  =  8.9; p  =  0.003). The observed 30-day survival was virtually identical for both groups (p  =  0.279). CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic prophylaxis in cirrhotic @entity1 after endoscopic interventions for acute peptic ulcer @entity548 reduced @entity281 and decreased rebleeding. Male gender, @entity82 @entity1 -Pugh's class C, and no antibiotic prophylaxis were independent predictors of recurrent @entity548 . Further studies should be directed to explore ways to improve the overall outcome of these @entity1 .

title: The effect of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for cirrhotic XXXX with peptic @entity1066 after endoscopic interventions.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Tear film proteins adhere to the surface of contact lenses (CLs). While the proteins in the tears have been extensively studied with various proteomic techniques, adhered proteins to CLs are less studied. In this pilot study, we have separated proteins with 2D gel electrophoresis prior to the conventional @entity3928 ( @entity3928 ) in order to analyse the deposited proteins on hydrogel CLs from myopic @entity1 . METHODS: pHEMA and @entity939 hydrogel CLs worn by 3 @entity1 for different time lengths were analysed. After wear, the CLs were frozen at -20  C. Proteins were extracted in lysis buffer, separated on 12% @entity2975 gels and @entity575 -stained. Protein spots were excised and identified with liquid chromatography - tandem @entity3928 . RESULTS: Deposited proteins were extracted with a yield of 26-66   g and separated by 2D gel electrophoresis. The @entity575 -stained gels showed similar protein patterns independent of the @entity1 , hydrogel type and wear time. Seventy-two spots were analysed with @entity3928 , representing at least 12 different tear film proteins or protein fragments. CONCLUSIONS: Deposited tear film proteins from a single set of CLs worn for 1  day can successfully be analysed first with 2D gel electrophoresis and subsequently with @entity3928 , thus making examination of individual @entity1 possible. The protein composition appeared homogeneous between the test @entity1 which is a necessity for additional comparison analysis. The molecular masses of the identified proteins indicate that protein degradation occurs only as a minor event. Myopic @entity1 were investigated in this pilot study, but the combined techniques can easily be applied to other @entity2194 .

title: Tear film proteins deposited on high water content contact lenses identified with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye diseases']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['mass spectrometry', 'MS']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

answer: @entity3928 :: (MESH:C536030,Disease) :: ['mass spectrometry']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 38 I. 38 II. 39 III. 39 IV. 41 V. 41 VI. 41 VII. 42 42 References 42 SUMMARY: @entity2271 ( @entity2272 ) is a key phytohormone promoting abiotic stress tolerance as well as developmental processes such as seed dormancy. A spatiotemporal map of @entity2272 concentrations would greatly advance our understanding of the cell type and timing of @entity2272 action. Organ and tissue-level @entity2272 measurements, as well as indirect in  vivo measurements such as cell-specific transcriptional analysis of @entity2272 metabolic enzymes and @entity2272 -responsive promoters, have all contributed to current views of the localization and timing of @entity2272 accumulations. Recently developed F  rster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensors for @entity2272 that sense @entity2272 levels directly promise to add unprecedented resolution to in  vivo @entity2272 spatiotemporal mapping and expand our knowledge of the mechanisms controlling @entity2272 levels in space and time.

title: A new look at stress: XXXX patterns and  dynamics at high-resolution.

entities_list: @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['Abscisic acid']

answer: @entity2271 :: (MESH:D000040,Chemical) :: ['abscisic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Postoperative recurrences of @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) are usually disseminated and systemic. Recently, the concept of oligo-recurrence, which is theoretically curable by definitive local therapy (DLT), has been proposed in several @entity5 . The aim of this study was to clarify clinical features and outcomes of @entity1 with postoperative oligo-recurrence of @entity1149 . METHODS: From 3275 @entity1 with resected pathological stage IA-IIIB @entity1149 between 1993 and 2011, a total of 768 @entity1 who developed recurrence were included in this study. Oligo-recurrence was defined as 1-3 loco-regional or distant recurrent lesions restricted to a single organ. Other recurrences were classified as poly-recurrence. Second @entity2 and suspected lesions were excluded. DLT included surgery, stereotactic radiotherapy and radiotherapy with a 45 Gy or higher dose, performed with curative intent. RESULTS: Oligo-recurrence was identified in 162 (21%) @entity1 , mainly as a solitary recurrence (n = 129, 80%) in regional lymph nodes, brain, lung, bone and adrenal gland, and the proportion of @entity1 with oligo-recurrence increased gradually year by year. The @entity1 with oligo-recurrence had more early-staged disease at initial surgery and a longer time to recurrence than those with poly-recurrence. The entire population of oligo-recurrence @entity1 had better @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) than those with poly-recurrence (5-year @entity1349 : 32.9 vs 9.9%, P < 0.001). For oligo-recurrence, DLT was totally conducted in 105 (65%) @entity1 as initial treatment. Multivariate analyses revealed that the initial DLT was associated with improved @entity1349 [odds ratio (OR) 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.29-0.68]. The recurrence location and initial pathological stage did not affect @entity1349 . The 5-year @entity1349 and postoperative progression-free survival rates after DLT were 38.6 and 22.3%, respectively. Of the 10 long-term (>= 5-year) progression-free survivors, 9 were those with a solitary recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Initial DLT for oligo-recurrence achieved favourable @entity1349 in a selected population. Oligo-recurrence curable by DLT was found in a subset of @entity1 who received DLT, mostly as a solitary recurrence.

title: Postoperative oligo-recurrence of XXXX : clinical features and survival   .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['primary lung cancers']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['PRS', 'post-recurrence survival']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: Transvascular escape rate of albumin [TERalb, i.e. the fraction of the intravascular mass of albumin (IVMalb) passing to the extravascular space per unit time] was determined from the disappearance of i.v. injected radioiodinated serum albumin in anaesthetized @entity1707 during control conditions and during regional venous congestion in the infradiaphragmatic area. Balloon catheters were placed in the portal vein ( @entity384 ) and in the inferior vena cava above (suprahepatic caval congestion) and below (infrahepatic caval congestion) the outlets of the hepatic veins. TERalb was on the average 13% IVMalb.h-1 under basal pressure conditions. TERalb rose significantly (p less than 0.01) during suprahepatic caval and @entity384 to an average of 29 and 19% IVMalb.h-1, respectively. TERalb was positively correlated to the portal pressure (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001). Only a minor increment in TERalb was found during infrahepatic caval congestion. The hepatic share of the increased TERalb during stasis above the hepatic veins was estimated to be threefold that of the extrahepatic splanchnic area. Our results point to filtration of protein, predominantely through the lining of the sinusoids and perisinusoidal space of the liver into the interstitial space around the portal vessels and further into the lymphatics, as the main mechanism of the previously demonstrated marked increase in TERalb in @entity1 with @entity101 due to @entity1575 .

title: Increased transvascular escape rate of albumin during experimental portal and @entity101 in the @entity1707 . Relation to findings in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['portal venous hypertension']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['infrahepatic portal congestion']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis of the liver']

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis of the liver']


abstract: Transvascular escape rate of albumin [TERalb, i.e. the fraction of the intravascular mass of albumin (IVMalb) passing to the extravascular space per unit time] was determined from the disappearance of i.v. injected radioiodinated serum albumin in anaesthetized @entity1707 during control conditions and during regional venous congestion in the infradiaphragmatic area. Balloon catheters were placed in the portal vein ( @entity384 ) and in the inferior vena cava above (suprahepatic caval congestion) and below (infrahepatic caval congestion) the outlets of the hepatic veins. TERalb was on the average 13% IVMalb.h-1 under basal pressure conditions. TERalb rose significantly (p less than 0.01) during suprahepatic caval and @entity384 to an average of 29 and 19% IVMalb.h-1, respectively. TERalb was positively correlated to the portal pressure (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001). Only a minor increment in TERalb was found during infrahepatic caval congestion. The hepatic share of the increased TERalb during stasis above the hepatic veins was estimated to be threefold that of the extrahepatic splanchnic area. Our results point to filtration of protein, predominantely through the lining of the sinusoids and perisinusoidal space of the liver into the interstitial space around the portal vessels and further into the lymphatics, as the main mechanism of the previously demonstrated marked increase in TERalb in @entity1 with @entity101 due to @entity1575 .

title: Increased transvascular escape rate of albumin during experimental portal and XXXX in the @entity1707 . Relation to findings in @entity1 with @entity1575 .

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hepatic venous hypertension']


abstract: Transvascular escape rate of albumin [TERalb, i.e. the fraction of the intravascular mass of albumin (IVMalb) passing to the extravascular space per unit time] was determined from the disappearance of i.v. injected radioiodinated serum albumin in anaesthetized @entity1707 during control conditions and during regional venous congestion in the infradiaphragmatic area. Balloon catheters were placed in the portal vein ( @entity384 ) and in the inferior vena cava above (suprahepatic caval congestion) and below (infrahepatic caval congestion) the outlets of the hepatic veins. TERalb was on the average 13% IVMalb.h-1 under basal pressure conditions. TERalb rose significantly (p less than 0.01) during suprahepatic caval and @entity384 to an average of 29 and 19% IVMalb.h-1, respectively. TERalb was positively correlated to the portal pressure (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001). Only a minor increment in TERalb was found during infrahepatic caval congestion. The hepatic share of the increased TERalb during stasis above the hepatic veins was estimated to be threefold that of the extrahepatic splanchnic area. Our results point to filtration of protein, predominantely through the lining of the sinusoids and perisinusoidal space of the liver into the interstitial space around the portal vessels and further into the lymphatics, as the main mechanism of the previously demonstrated marked increase in TERalb in @entity1 with @entity101 due to @entity1575 .

title: Increased transvascular escape rate of albumin during experimental portal and @entity101 in the XXXX . Relation to findings in @entity1 with @entity1575 .

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']


abstract: Transvascular escape rate of albumin [TERalb, i.e. the fraction of the intravascular mass of albumin (IVMalb) passing to the extravascular space per unit time] was determined from the disappearance of i.v. injected radioiodinated serum albumin in anaesthetized @entity1707 during control conditions and during regional venous congestion in the infradiaphragmatic area. Balloon catheters were placed in the portal vein ( @entity384 ) and in the inferior vena cava above (suprahepatic caval congestion) and below (infrahepatic caval congestion) the outlets of the hepatic veins. TERalb was on the average 13% IVMalb.h-1 under basal pressure conditions. TERalb rose significantly (p less than 0.01) during suprahepatic caval and @entity384 to an average of 29 and 19% IVMalb.h-1, respectively. TERalb was positively correlated to the portal pressure (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001). Only a minor increment in TERalb was found during infrahepatic caval congestion. The hepatic share of the increased TERalb during stasis above the hepatic veins was estimated to be threefold that of the extrahepatic splanchnic area. Our results point to filtration of protein, predominantely through the lining of the sinusoids and perisinusoidal space of the liver into the interstitial space around the portal vessels and further into the lymphatics, as the main mechanism of the previously demonstrated marked increase in TERalb in @entity1 with @entity101 due to @entity1575 .

title: Increased transvascular escape rate of albumin during experimental portal and @entity101 in the @entity1707 . Relation to findings in XXXX with @entity1575 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We assess the in-vivo relationship between international normalized ratio (INR) and @entity3459 tests in @entity1 with life-threatening bleeding who received prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) for warfarin reversal. This was a prospective pilot study in adult @entity1 with @entity510 related to anticoagulation with warfarin. Thromboelastography (TEG), @entity556 generation parameters and INR were assessed at baseline, 30 min, 2 and 24 h after PCC. Changes in laboratory parameters and relationship between INR and @entity3459 tests were assessed over time. Eight @entity1 mean [standard deviation (SD)] age 72 (16) were included and received mean (SD) dose of PCC 24 (5)units/kg. Four @entity1 died during the study, all with INR values more than 1.5 thirty minutes after PCC. Mean (SD) INR was 3.0 (1.3) and decreased significantly to 1.8 (0.48) thirty minutes after PCC (P<0.01). Baseline endogenous @entity556 potential and @entity556 peak were 890 nmol/min and 123 nmol and increased significantly to 1943 nmol/min (P<0.01) and 301 nmol (P<0.01) 30 min after PCC administration. Reaction (R)-time decreased significantly (P=0.02), and maximum amplitude and overall coagulation index (CI) significantly increased during treatment (P<0.01, respectively). @entity556 generation and TEG values corrected after PCC administration; however, INR did not fully correct. @entity1 that died tended to be older with prolonged INR values across the study period. INR and TEG values correlated well with @entity556 generation before administration of PCC, but this relationship was lost afterward.

title: Laboratory assessment of warfarin reversal with @entity3459 tests versus international normalized ratio in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['global coagulation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity556 :: ('2147', 'Gene') :: ['Thrombin', 'thrombin']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial bleeding']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['intracranial bleeding']


abstract: We assess the in-vivo relationship between international normalized ratio (INR) and @entity3459 tests in @entity1 with life-threatening bleeding who received prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) for warfarin reversal. This was a prospective pilot study in adult @entity1 with @entity510 related to anticoagulation with warfarin. Thromboelastography (TEG), @entity556 generation parameters and INR were assessed at baseline, 30 min, 2 and 24 h after PCC. Changes in laboratory parameters and relationship between INR and @entity3459 tests were assessed over time. Eight @entity1 mean [standard deviation (SD)] age 72 (16) were included and received mean (SD) dose of PCC 24 (5)units/kg. Four @entity1 died during the study, all with INR values more than 1.5 thirty minutes after PCC. Mean (SD) INR was 3.0 (1.3) and decreased significantly to 1.8 (0.48) thirty minutes after PCC (P<0.01). Baseline endogenous @entity556 potential and @entity556 peak were 890 nmol/min and 123 nmol and increased significantly to 1943 nmol/min (P<0.01) and 301 nmol (P<0.01) 30 min after PCC administration. Reaction (R)-time decreased significantly (P=0.02), and maximum amplitude and overall coagulation index (CI) significantly increased during treatment (P<0.01, respectively). @entity556 generation and TEG values corrected after PCC administration; however, INR did not fully correct. @entity1 that died tended to be older with prolonged INR values across the study period. INR and TEG values correlated well with @entity556 generation before administration of PCC, but this relationship was lost afterward.

title: Laboratory assessment of warfarin reversal with XXXX tests versus international normalized ratio in @entity1 with @entity510 .

answer: @entity3459 :: (MESH:D025861,Disease) :: ['global coagulation']


abstract: We assess the in-vivo relationship between international normalized ratio (INR) and @entity3459 tests in @entity1 with life-threatening bleeding who received prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) for warfarin reversal. This was a prospective pilot study in adult @entity1 with @entity510 related to anticoagulation with warfarin. Thromboelastography (TEG), @entity556 generation parameters and INR were assessed at baseline, 30 min, 2 and 24 h after PCC. Changes in laboratory parameters and relationship between INR and @entity3459 tests were assessed over time. Eight @entity1 mean [standard deviation (SD)] age 72 (16) were included and received mean (SD) dose of PCC 24 (5)units/kg. Four @entity1 died during the study, all with INR values more than 1.5 thirty minutes after PCC. Mean (SD) INR was 3.0 (1.3) and decreased significantly to 1.8 (0.48) thirty minutes after PCC (P<0.01). Baseline endogenous @entity556 potential and @entity556 peak were 890 nmol/min and 123 nmol and increased significantly to 1943 nmol/min (P<0.01) and 301 nmol (P<0.01) 30 min after PCC administration. Reaction (R)-time decreased significantly (P=0.02), and maximum amplitude and overall coagulation index (CI) significantly increased during treatment (P<0.01, respectively). @entity556 generation and TEG values corrected after PCC administration; however, INR did not fully correct. @entity1 that died tended to be older with prolonged INR values across the study period. INR and TEG values correlated well with @entity556 generation before administration of PCC, but this relationship was lost afterward.

title: Laboratory assessment of warfarin reversal with @entity3459 tests versus international normalized ratio in XXXX with @entity510 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity2 is the leading cause of @entity5 worldwide and @entity151 ( @entity151 ) accounts for a significant proportion of all @entity2 cases. Even so, the underlying mechanism governing @entity151 development remains poorly understood and @entity151 related @entity5 stands high despite decades of intensive investigation. We noted that both miR-138 and @entity6714 have been implicated in development of @entity5 . Also, there is a recent report showing the role of miR-138 in mediating DNA damage response by targeting @entity6714 . In light of these data, we sought to characterize the role of miR-138 for @entity151 cell growth and cell-cycle progression by regulating @entity6714 expression. Results showed that miR-138 is significantly down-regulated in @entity151 tissues as well as in three @entity151 cell lines. After successfully engineering miR-138 overexpression in one of the @entity151 cell lines, NCI-H2081, we observed a remarkable reduction of cell growth and a significant inhibition on cell-cycle progression. Moreover, we were able to show that miR-138 potently inhibits @entity6714 expression, which suggests that @entity6714 may serve as a downstream executor for miR-138. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that engineered @entity6714 knockdown achieves a similar effect as observed for miR-138 overexpression in terms of @entity151 growth and cell cycle regulation. We also showed that @entity6714 overexpression largely abolished miR-138-mediated @entity5 cell growth and cell-cycle progression inhibition, which strongly suggests, at least in vitro, that miR-138 potently regulates @entity151 development by targeting @entity6714 . In addition, we found lower miR-138 expression confers @entity151 cells with greater DNA damage repair capacity. Finally, we were able to show miR-138 overexpression inhibits DNA damage repair in @entity151 cells while miR-138 knockdown further facilitates DNA damage repair in these cells after IR. To date, there has been no study showing the role of miR-138/ @entity6714 machinery in @entity151 development. Our results may shed a light to development of new lines of @entity151 diagnosis and treatment approaches.

title: MicroRNA-138 Regulates DNA Damage Response in Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Directly Targeting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC cancer', 'various malignancies', 'cancer death']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC tumor', 'SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

answer: @entity6714 :: (3014,Gene) :: ['H2AX']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A majority of @entity1 with @entity6 do not have levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C) under control, either individually or in combination. The objective was to assess the clinical benefits and @entity1 characteristics associated with @entity5748 [HbA1c <7% (53  mmol/mol) and LDL-C <100  mg/dL] versus only LDL-C goal achievement in adults with newly diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 . METHODS: Newly diagnosed @entity1 with >= 2 measures of LDL-C and @entity4051 c were identified in the South Central Veterans Affairs Health Care Network (01/2004-06/2010). The index date was the first @entity4051 c assessment within 3  months of the first @entity164 2 @entity6 diagnosis. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between time-varying goal achievement and post-index microvascular and @entity65 . @entity1 characteristics associated with @entity5748 in the 7-12  months post-index were identified using a logistic regression. RESULTS: The sample included 16,829 @entity1 . Compared with LDL-C goal achievement, @entity5748 was associated with lower risk of microvascular complications [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.69 (0.63, 0.76)]. Other outcomes did not differ between those two groups. Characteristics associated with @entity5748 (44.2% of @entity1 ) include prior @entity5748 , older age, and use of lipid-lowering drugs. CONCLUSION: @entity5748 in newly diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 is associated with a lower risk of microvascular complications versus only LDL-C goal achievement. Although @entity5748 rates are suboptimal, early and regular intervention will increase its likelihood. FUNDING: Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Parsippany, NJ, USA.

title: Glycemic and XXXX Control Versus Single-Goal Control in US Veterans with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Observational Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5748 :: ('MESH:D009105', 'Disease') :: ['Dual-goal achievement', 'dual-goal achievement']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['Cholesterol']


abstract: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is a complex syndrome characterized by progressive decline in left ventricular function, low exercise tolerance and raised mortality and morbidity. @entity1002 plays a major role in @entity712 and progression of most @entity299 . The current recommended goals can theoretically be accomplished via exercise and pharmacological therapy so the aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of cardiac rehabilitation program on @entity67 and health related quality of life and to determine the correlation between changes in @entity1002 and domains of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Forty @entity1 with @entity712 were diagnosed as having @entity384 ( @entity384 ) with @entity299 . The @entity1 were equally and randomly divided into training and control groups. Only 30 of them completed the study duration. The training group participated in rehabilitation program in the form of circuit-interval aerobic training adjusted according to 55-80% of heart rate reserve for a period of 7  months. Circuit training improved both @entity299 in the training group. On the other hand, only a significant correlation was found between improvement in @entity67 and health related quality of life measured by Kansas @entity296 Questionnaire. It was concluded that improvement in @entity67 as a result of rehabilitation program is one of the important underlying mechanisms responsible for improvement in health-related quality of life in @entity384 @entity1 .

title: Correlation between changes in XXXX and health-related quality of life after cardiac rehabilitation program in @entity384 .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic heart failure', 'chronic heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['City Cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['DCM', 'dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic and systolic dysfunction', 'cardiac diseases', 'systolic and diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction', 'left ventricular diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['diastolic dysfunction']


abstract: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is a complex syndrome characterized by progressive decline in left ventricular function, low exercise tolerance and raised mortality and morbidity. @entity1002 plays a major role in @entity712 and progression of most @entity299 . The current recommended goals can theoretically be accomplished via exercise and pharmacological therapy so the aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of cardiac rehabilitation program on @entity67 and health related quality of life and to determine the correlation between changes in @entity1002 and domains of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Forty @entity1 with @entity712 were diagnosed as having @entity384 ( @entity384 ) with @entity299 . The @entity1 were equally and randomly divided into training and control groups. Only 30 of them completed the study duration. The training group participated in rehabilitation program in the form of circuit-interval aerobic training adjusted according to 55-80% of heart rate reserve for a period of 7  months. Circuit training improved both @entity299 in the training group. On the other hand, only a significant correlation was found between improvement in @entity67 and health related quality of life measured by Kansas @entity296 Questionnaire. It was concluded that improvement in @entity67 as a result of rehabilitation program is one of the important underlying mechanisms responsible for improvement in health-related quality of life in @entity384 @entity1 .

title: Correlation between changes in @entity67 and health-related quality of life after cardiac rehabilitation program in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the incidence and the risks factors of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)-related infectious complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical charts of every in- @entity1 that underwent a PICC insertion in our hospital between January 2010 and October 2013 were reviewed. All PICC-related @entity281 were recorded and categorized as catheter-related bloodstream @entity281 (CR-BSI), exit-site @entity281 , and septic @entity2268 . RESULTS: Nine hundred and twenty-three PICCs were placed in 644 unique @entity1 , mostly male (68.3%) with a median age of 58 years. 31 (3.4%) PICC-related @entity281 occurred during the study period corresponding to an infection rate of 1.64 per 1000 catheter-days. We observed 27 (87.1%) CR-BSI, corresponding to a rate of 1.43 per 1000 catheter-days, 3 (9.7%) septic @entity2268 , and 1 (3.2%) exit-site infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a higher PICC-related infection rate with chemotherapy (odds ratio (OR) 7.2-confidence interval (CI) 95% [1.77-29.5]), auto/allograft (OR 5.9-CI 95% [1.2-29.2]), and anti-coagulant therapy (OR 2.2-95% [1.4-12]). CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy, auto/allograft, and anti-coagulant therapy are associated with an increased risk of developing PICC-related @entity281 . CLINICAL ADVANCE: Chemotherapy, auto/allograft, and anti-coagulant therapy are important predictors of PICC-associated @entity281 . A careful assessment of these risk factors may be important for future success in preventing PICC-related @entity281 .

title: Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-Related Infections in a Cohort of Hospitalized Adult XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2268 :: ('MESH:D013924', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophlebitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']