abstract: UNASSIGNED: Smoking cigarettes is a major risk factor in the development and progression of @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). Modified risk @entity286 products (MRTPs) are being developed to reduce smoking-related health risks. The goal of this study was to investigate hallmarks of @entity1030 and @entity65 over an 8-month period in @entity6970 -deficient @entity19 exposed to conventional cigarette smoke (CS) or to the aerosol of a candidate MRTP, THS2.2. In addition to chronic exposure, cessation or switching to THS2.2 after 2 months of CS exposure was assessed. Engaging a systems toxicology approach, exposure effects were investigated using physiology and histology combined with transcriptomics, lipidomics, and proteomics. CS induced @entity2543 and @entity4648 , @entity55 , and emphysematous changes ( @entity73 and @entity16 ). Atherogenic effects of CS exposure included altered lipid profiles and aortic plaque formation. Exposure to THS2.2 aerosol ( @entity1239 concentration matched to CS, 29.9 mg/m(3)) did not induce @entity55 or @entity2415 , nor did it consistently change the lipid profile or enhance the plaque area. Cessation or switching to THS2.2 reversed the inflammatory responses and halted progression of @entity2333 . Biological processes, including senescence, @entity32 , and proliferation, were significantly impacted by CS, but not by THS2.2 aerosol. Both, cessation and switching to THS2.2 reduced these perturbations to almost sham exposure levels. In conclusion, in this @entity19 model cessation or switching to THS2.2 retarded the progression of CS-induced @entity731 and emphysematous changes, while THS2.2 aerosol alone had minimal adverse effects.

title: An 8-Month Systems Toxicology Inhalation/Cessation Study in XXXX -/- @entity19 to Investigate Cardiovascular and Respiratory Exposure Effects of a Candidate Modified Risk @entity286 Product, THS 2.2, Compared with Conventional Cigarettes.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired pulmonary function']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar damage']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['nasal epithelial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['initial emphysematous changes and the aortic plaque area']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity6970 :: (11816(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Apoe']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Smoking cigarettes is a major risk factor in the development and progression of @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). Modified risk @entity286 products (MRTPs) are being developed to reduce smoking-related health risks. The goal of this study was to investigate hallmarks of @entity1030 and @entity65 over an 8-month period in @entity6970 -deficient @entity19 exposed to conventional cigarette smoke (CS) or to the aerosol of a candidate MRTP, THS2.2. In addition to chronic exposure, cessation or switching to THS2.2 after 2 months of CS exposure was assessed. Engaging a systems toxicology approach, exposure effects were investigated using physiology and histology combined with transcriptomics, lipidomics, and proteomics. CS induced @entity2543 and @entity4648 , @entity55 , and emphysematous changes ( @entity73 and @entity16 ). Atherogenic effects of CS exposure included altered lipid profiles and aortic plaque formation. Exposure to THS2.2 aerosol ( @entity1239 concentration matched to CS, 29.9 mg/m(3)) did not induce @entity55 or @entity2415 , nor did it consistently change the lipid profile or enhance the plaque area. Cessation or switching to THS2.2 reversed the inflammatory responses and halted progression of @entity2333 . Biological processes, including senescence, @entity32 , and proliferation, were significantly impacted by CS, but not by THS2.2 aerosol. Both, cessation and switching to THS2.2 reduced these perturbations to almost sham exposure levels. In conclusion, in this @entity19 model cessation or switching to THS2.2 retarded the progression of CS-induced @entity731 and emphysematous changes, while THS2.2 aerosol alone had minimal adverse effects.

title: An 8-Month Systems Toxicology Inhalation/Cessation Study in @entity6970 -/- @entity19 to Investigate Cardiovascular and Respiratory Exposure Effects of a Candidate Modified Risk XXXX Product, THS 2.2, Compared with Conventional Cigarettes.

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['Tobacco']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Smoking cigarettes is a major risk factor in the development and progression of @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). Modified risk @entity286 products (MRTPs) are being developed to reduce smoking-related health risks. The goal of this study was to investigate hallmarks of @entity1030 and @entity65 over an 8-month period in @entity6970 -deficient @entity19 exposed to conventional cigarette smoke (CS) or to the aerosol of a candidate MRTP, THS2.2. In addition to chronic exposure, cessation or switching to THS2.2 after 2 months of CS exposure was assessed. Engaging a systems toxicology approach, exposure effects were investigated using physiology and histology combined with transcriptomics, lipidomics, and proteomics. CS induced @entity2543 and @entity4648 , @entity55 , and emphysematous changes ( @entity73 and @entity16 ). Atherogenic effects of CS exposure included altered lipid profiles and aortic plaque formation. Exposure to THS2.2 aerosol ( @entity1239 concentration matched to CS, 29.9 mg/m(3)) did not induce @entity55 or @entity2415 , nor did it consistently change the lipid profile or enhance the plaque area. Cessation or switching to THS2.2 reversed the inflammatory responses and halted progression of @entity2333 . Biological processes, including senescence, @entity32 , and proliferation, were significantly impacted by CS, but not by THS2.2 aerosol. Both, cessation and switching to THS2.2 reduced these perturbations to almost sham exposure levels. In conclusion, in this @entity19 model cessation or switching to THS2.2 retarded the progression of CS-induced @entity731 and emphysematous changes, while THS2.2 aerosol alone had minimal adverse effects.

title: An 8-Month Systems Toxicology Inhalation/Cessation Study in @entity6970 -/- XXXX to Investigate Cardiovascular and Respiratory Exposure Effects of a Candidate Modified Risk @entity286 Product, THS 2.2, Compared with Conventional Cigarettes.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the present study was to determine the outcome of @entity1 undergoing pancreatic resection with (VR+) or without (VR-) mesenteric-portal vein resection for @entity3123 . Between January 1998 and December 2012, 241 @entity1 with @entity788 underwent pancreatic resection: in 64 @entity1 , surgery included venous resection for macroscopic invasion of mesenteric-portal vein axis. Morbidity and mortality did not differ between the two groups (VR+: 29% and 3%; VR-: 30% and 4.0%, resp.). Radical resection was achieved in 55/64 (78%) in the VR+ group and in 126/177 (71%) in the VR- group. Vascular invasion was histologically proven in 44 (69%) of the VR+ group. Survival curves were not statistically different between the two groups. Mean and median survival time were 26 and 15 months, respectively, in VR- versus 20 and 14 months, respectively, in VR+ group (p = 0.52). In the VR+ group, only histologically proven vascular invasion significantly impacted survival (p = 0.02), while, in the VR- group, R0 resection (p = 0.001) and @entity5 's grading (p = 0.01) significantly influenced long-term survival. Vascular resection during pancreatectomy can be performed safely, with acceptable morbidity and mortality. Long-term survival was the same, with or without venous resection. Survival was worse for @entity1 with histologically confirmed vascular infiltration.

title: Mesenteric-Portal Vein Resection during Pancreatectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Cancer']


abstract: The diameter of the fibrils in the normal vitreous cortex at the ora serrata of @entity1 eyes was found to range from 10.8 to 12.4 nm. There is no significant increase in thickness with age. Periodic cross-striation typical for collagen could be demonstrated by microdensitometry. In @entity735 , secondary lateral aggregations of the fibrils are a common factor, usually in proximity to disintegrating cells. Disintegrating cells in the vitreous cortex were already observable in childhood. They were more often seen with increasing age. In a pathological case, acid phosphatase could be demonstrated both within the vitreous fibrocytes and in the extracellular space, released from disintegrating cells. Fibrils and segments of banded material were observed within pits and @entity3473 , and in intracytoplasmic channels and vacuoles of the aged vitreous fibrocytes. Linear aggregations of @entity3739 red-positive material were seen at the surface and within @entity3473 of the same cells. The findings are interpreted as an indication for phagocytosis and--or secretion of collagen by the vitreous fibrocytes even in @entity735 .

title: Electron-microscopic study on the fibrillar network and fibrocyte--collagen interactions in the vitreous cortex at the ora serrata of XXXX eyes with special regard to the role of disintegrating cells.

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['senile eyes']

entities_list: @entity3473 :: ('MESH:D007443', 'Disease') :: ['invaginations']

entities_list: @entity3739 :: ('MESH:D012428', 'Chemical') :: ['ruthenium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Sixty-seven @entity1 with @entity8157 ( @entity8157 ) were analyzed clinically. Their mean age was 39.3 years, and 47 (70%) of them were male. Fifty (74.6%) showed @entity1985 ( @entity1985 ) initially and five (7.5%) had additionally chronic @entity177 . @entity101 was present in 27%. During the follow-up (mean 6.7 years) @entity8 occurred in four @entity1 12-151 (mean 84.2) months after the diagnosis of @entity8157 . Four @entity1 died of non-renal causes. The actuarial life-table survival at 5, 10 and 15 years was 94%, 83% and 69%, respectively. To some extent renal function deteriorated in 13 @entity1 (19%). These @entity1 were older (49.9 vs. 36.8 years, p less than 0.01) than those with preserved renal function, and many of them had serum @entity1011 levels of 125 mumol/l or more initially. Sex did not correlate with the development of @entity177 . @entity1 with slight @entity644 never showed @entity177 . The retrospective comparison of survival in @entity1 who did (N = 31) or did not (N = 19) receive corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressive drugs for the treatment of @entity1985 revealed no evident difference at 5 or 10 years. This clinical analysis emphasizes the fairly favorable outcome of @entity1 with @entity8157 . Hence a reserved view must be taken when treatment with potentially dangerous agents is considered in a disease with unknown etiology and pathogenesis.

title: Survival in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal death']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'renal insufficiency', 'loss of renal function']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['NS', 'nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8157 :: ('MESH:D015433', 'Disease') :: ['iMGN', 'idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity8157 :: (MESH:D015433,Disease) :: ['idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis']


abstract: @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) in pregnancy is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies in association with recurrent fetal loss and severe complications such as @entity1468 , @entity1592 , or @entity2431 . The most clinically important serologic markers are @entity4555 , anticardiolipin antibodies, and recently anti-beta-2-glycoprotein 1 antibodies. At present, standardization does not exist and a definitive association between specific clinical manifestation and antibody level is not yet known. Experimental data gave evidence that passive transfer of antiphospholipid antibodies result in clinical manifestation of @entity1701 , that is, fetal loss and @entity882 . Treatment with heparin, @entity117 , or intravenous immunoglobulins decreased the fetal loss rate. Treatment regimens in @entity1 are very difficult to interpret. Evidence from two prospective studies supported treatment with heparin and @entity117 to improve pregnancy outcome. The risk of @entity1468 and @entity2431 was substantial and occurred in 50% of @entity1 . The general failure rate of heparin/ @entity117 treatment is approximately 30%. In such cases intravenous immunoglobulin in combination with heparin and @entity117 has been used to treat @entity1701 .

title: XXXX in obstetrics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['Antiphospholipid syndrome', 'APLS']

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['fetal growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['lupus anticoagulant']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity2431 :: ('MESH:D010927', 'Disease') :: ['placental insufficiency']

answer: @entity1701 :: (MESH:D016736,Disease) :: ['Antiphospholipid syndrome']


abstract: Nailfold capillary microscopy patterns in 22 @entity1 with @entity2406 ( @entity2406 ) were compared with those of 21 @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) and 30 @entity1 with @entity785 ( @entity2631 [ @entity2631 ]). Microvascular data were classified blindly as follows: normal, @entity854 , @entity2631 pattern, and @entity1252 pattern, with special attention to the presence of @entity3986 , branched "bushy" capillary formations. Of the 22 @entity1 with @entity2406 , 63.6% had an @entity2631 pattern, 22.7% had an @entity1252 pattern, 13.6% had @entity854 , and 72.7% had bushy capillary formations. Compared with @entity1252 , @entity2406 exhibited significantly greater capillary loss (P less than 0.05), more frequent @entity2631 patterns (P less than 0.001), and more frequent bushy capillaries (P less than 0.001). Compared with @entity2631 @entity1 , @entity2406 @entity1 displayed less frequent @entity2631 patterns (P less than 0.02) and more frequent bushy capillary formations (P less than 0.01). The presence of bushy capillaries was suggestive of @entity2406 . For diagnostic purposes, bushy capillaries displayed 72% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and 87.2% negative predictive value. The quantitative and qualitative expressions of @entity455 were different in @entity2406 and @entity1252 , respectively. This supports the hypothesis that @entity66 is a distinct entity. Nevertheless, there were many resemblances between @entity2406 and @entity2631 , which implies that @entity2406 is possibly a clinical form of @entity2631 .

title: Nailfold capillary microscopy in @entity2406 . Comparison with @entity785 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2406 :: ('MESH:D008947', 'Disease') :: ['MCTD microangiopathy', 'mixed connective tissue disease', 'MCTD']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['each disease']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['dystrophic']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus', 'SLE microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['nonspecific abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: Nailfold capillary microscopy patterns in 22 @entity1 with @entity2406 ( @entity2406 ) were compared with those of 21 @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) and 30 @entity1 with @entity785 ( @entity2631 [ @entity2631 ]). Microvascular data were classified blindly as follows: normal, @entity854 , @entity2631 pattern, and @entity1252 pattern, with special attention to the presence of @entity3986 , branched "bushy" capillary formations. Of the 22 @entity1 with @entity2406 , 63.6% had an @entity2631 pattern, 22.7% had an @entity1252 pattern, 13.6% had @entity854 , and 72.7% had bushy capillary formations. Compared with @entity1252 , @entity2406 exhibited significantly greater capillary loss (P less than 0.05), more frequent @entity2631 patterns (P less than 0.001), and more frequent bushy capillaries (P less than 0.001). Compared with @entity2631 @entity1 , @entity2406 @entity1 displayed less frequent @entity2631 patterns (P less than 0.02) and more frequent bushy capillary formations (P less than 0.01). The presence of bushy capillaries was suggestive of @entity2406 . For diagnostic purposes, bushy capillaries displayed 72% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and 87.2% negative predictive value. The quantitative and qualitative expressions of @entity455 were different in @entity2406 and @entity1252 , respectively. This supports the hypothesis that @entity66 is a distinct entity. Nevertheless, there were many resemblances between @entity2406 and @entity2631 , which implies that @entity2406 is possibly a clinical form of @entity2631 .

title: Nailfold capillary microscopy in @entity2406 . Comparison with XXXX and @entity1252 .

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic sclerosis']


abstract: Nailfold capillary microscopy patterns in 22 @entity1 with @entity2406 ( @entity2406 ) were compared with those of 21 @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) and 30 @entity1 with @entity785 ( @entity2631 [ @entity2631 ]). Microvascular data were classified blindly as follows: normal, @entity854 , @entity2631 pattern, and @entity1252 pattern, with special attention to the presence of @entity3986 , branched "bushy" capillary formations. Of the 22 @entity1 with @entity2406 , 63.6% had an @entity2631 pattern, 22.7% had an @entity1252 pattern, 13.6% had @entity854 , and 72.7% had bushy capillary formations. Compared with @entity1252 , @entity2406 exhibited significantly greater capillary loss (P less than 0.05), more frequent @entity2631 patterns (P less than 0.001), and more frequent bushy capillaries (P less than 0.001). Compared with @entity2631 @entity1 , @entity2406 @entity1 displayed less frequent @entity2631 patterns (P less than 0.02) and more frequent bushy capillary formations (P less than 0.01). The presence of bushy capillaries was suggestive of @entity2406 . For diagnostic purposes, bushy capillaries displayed 72% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and 87.2% negative predictive value. The quantitative and qualitative expressions of @entity455 were different in @entity2406 and @entity1252 , respectively. This supports the hypothesis that @entity66 is a distinct entity. Nevertheless, there were many resemblances between @entity2406 and @entity2631 , which implies that @entity2406 is possibly a clinical form of @entity2631 .

title: Nailfold capillary microscopy in XXXX . Comparison with @entity785 and @entity1252 .

answer: @entity2406 :: (MESH:D008947,Disease) :: ['mixed connective tissue disease']


abstract: In unanaesthetized @entity468 the most striking effects of @entity2333 ( @entity2333 ) consist of a marked @entity101 variability and a concomitant marked reduction in heart rate variability. Because the relative contribution of carotid and aortic baroreceptors to these phenomena has never been assessed, blood pressure (intra-arterial catheter) and heart rate were measured in unanaesthetized, unrestrained @entity468 for 8-10 h under three conditions: intact animals, 1 week after section of the carotid sinus or the aortic nerves and 1 week after @entity2333 . Blood pressure and heart rate signals were analysed by a computer to provide mean values and variation coefficients of variation i.e. blood pressure and heart rate variabilities, for each recording period. In the intact @entity468 the coefficient of variation was 6.6 +/- 0.6% (mean +/- s.e.) for mean blood pressure and 11.2 +/- 1.7% for heart rate. The coefficient of variation for mean blood pressure was not altered by either the aortic or the carotid sinus nerve section, a marked increase being observed only after @entity2333 (11.5 +/- 1.3%, P less than 0.01). On the other hand, the coefficient of variation for heart rate was reduced either by the carotid or by the aortic nerve section. The reduction observed following the carotid baroreceptor denervation accounted for the greater fraction of the overall reduction (74 versus 26%) in coefficient of variation for heart rate observed after @entity2333 (4.8 +/- 0.9%, P less than 0.01). These data show that the carotid sinus and aortic nerves are similarly involved in control of blood pressure variability.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Differential control of blood pressure and heart rate by carotid and aortic baroreceptors in unanaesthetized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['SAD', 'sino-aortic denervation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in blood pressure']

answer: @entity468 :: (9685,Species) :: ['cats']


abstract: We have examined whether there is a relationship between the lamellar-hexagonal phase transition temperature, TH, and the initial kinetics of H+- and @entity141 -induced destabilization of @entity3633 (PE) liposomes. The liposomes were composed of @entity23209 , egg @entity3633 (EPE), or @entity3633 prepared from egg @entity2434 by transesterification (TPE). These lipids have well-spaced lamellar-hexagonal phase transition temperatures (approximately 12, approximately 45, and approximately 57 degrees C) in a temperature range that allows us to measure the initial kinetics of bilayer destabilization, both below and above TH. The liposomes were prepared at pH 9.5. The TH of EPE and TPE was measured by using differential scanning calorimetry, and it was found that the TH was essentially the same at low pH or at high pH in the presence of 20 mM @entity141 . At temperatures well below TH, either at pH 4.5 or at pH 9.5 in the presence of @entity141 , the liposomes aggregate, leak, and undergo lipid mixing and mixing of contents. We show that liposome/liposome contact is involved in the destabilization of the PE liposomes. The temperature dependence of leakage, lipid mixing, and mixing of contents shows that there is a massive enhancement in the rate of leakage when the temperature approaches the TH of the particular PE and that lipid mixing appears to be enhanced. However, the fusion (mixing of aqueous contents) is diminished or even abolished at temperatures above TH. At and above the TH, a new mechanism of liposome destabilization arises, evidently dependent upon the ability of the PE molecules to adapt new morphological structures at these temperatures. We propose that this destabilization demarks the first step in the pathway to the eventual formation of the HII phase. Thus, the polymorphism accessible to PE is a powerful agent for membrane destabilization, but additional factors are required for fusion.

title: Destabilization of XXXX liposomes at the hexagonal phase transition temperature.

entities_list: @entity3633 :: ('MESH:C483858', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity2434 :: ('MESH:D010713', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylcholine']

entities_list: @entity23209 :: ('MESH:C094877', 'Chemical') :: ['dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine']

answer: @entity3633 :: (MESH:C483858,Chemical) :: ['phosphatidylethanolamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible benefit of the @entity1311 based combined chemotherapy introduced as an "up front" chemotherapy in Hungary for the treatment of @entity43 . METHODS: Data of four Hungarian Ovary Cancer Treatment Center was collected, evaluated and presented here as a preliminary retrospective study. Data of 67 @entity1 was included into the investigation who underwent laparatomy followed with @entity1311 / @entity3003 or @entity1311 / @entity900 combined chemotherapy between 1st of July 1999 and 31st of December 2000. The @entity1311 was administered as 135 mg/m2 i.v. infusion for 3 hours. The main attention was pay on the response rate and the side effect occurred during the administration of the anticancer drugs. RESULTS: 34 out of 67 @entity1 underwent optimal surgery, and 33 out of 67 had got suboptimal procedure only. The chemotherapy was started at the 7th postoperative day. 430 cycles of chemotherapy was evaluated. The overall response rate (RR) at the end of the treatment was 76.1% (CR 68.65%. PR 7.46%). At the end of the follow-up there was 41 @entity1 free of disease (61.19%), 12 @entity1 alive with @entity66 (17.91%), 10 @entity1 (14.9%) died of disease, and there was 4 (6%) @entity1 lost. The overall survival (OS) during the follow up period was 16.82 months. In the suboptimally operated group, 36.3% of the @entity1 (12/33) underwent second laparotomy after the 3rd cycle of chemotherapy. Optimal operation was done in 8 out of this 12 @entity1 and all of optimally operated @entity1 remained free of disease at the and of the follow up. Three treatment out of 67 was interrupted because of major side effect, and 13 @entity1 needed supportive treatment. Eleven blood transfusions was performed during the chemotherapy and erythropoetin (EPO) was administered in two @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of @entity1 during of follow up period was better in the optimally operated group. There was 2 death compared to 8 in suboptimally operated group, the progression free survival (PFS) was longer (8 vs. 6.54 months), and so was the OS (17.11 vs. 16.54 months). More disease free @entity1 was registered at the end of follow-up in the optimally operated group (29 vs. 12). The haematological side effect was also more frequent in the suboptimally operated group (12 vs 1). The data suggest that the quality of initial surgical procedure remains the main prognostic factor even if @entity1311 based combine chemotherapy is administered. On the other hand due to the @entity1311 based chemotherapy seems to be a promising "up front" treatment in @entity1 with @entity43 with few major side effect generally, and quite a lot haematological side effect in the suboptimally operated group only.

title: [Experience in first-line chemotherapy with @entity1311 for the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovary cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible benefit of the @entity1311 based combined chemotherapy introduced as an "up front" chemotherapy in Hungary for the treatment of @entity43 . METHODS: Data of four Hungarian Ovary Cancer Treatment Center was collected, evaluated and presented here as a preliminary retrospective study. Data of 67 @entity1 was included into the investigation who underwent laparatomy followed with @entity1311 / @entity3003 or @entity1311 / @entity900 combined chemotherapy between 1st of July 1999 and 31st of December 2000. The @entity1311 was administered as 135 mg/m2 i.v. infusion for 3 hours. The main attention was pay on the response rate and the side effect occurred during the administration of the anticancer drugs. RESULTS: 34 out of 67 @entity1 underwent optimal surgery, and 33 out of 67 had got suboptimal procedure only. The chemotherapy was started at the 7th postoperative day. 430 cycles of chemotherapy was evaluated. The overall response rate (RR) at the end of the treatment was 76.1% (CR 68.65%. PR 7.46%). At the end of the follow-up there was 41 @entity1 free of disease (61.19%), 12 @entity1 alive with @entity66 (17.91%), 10 @entity1 (14.9%) died of disease, and there was 4 (6%) @entity1 lost. The overall survival (OS) during the follow up period was 16.82 months. In the suboptimally operated group, 36.3% of the @entity1 (12/33) underwent second laparotomy after the 3rd cycle of chemotherapy. Optimal operation was done in 8 out of this 12 @entity1 and all of optimally operated @entity1 remained free of disease at the and of the follow up. Three treatment out of 67 was interrupted because of major side effect, and 13 @entity1 needed supportive treatment. Eleven blood transfusions was performed during the chemotherapy and erythropoetin (EPO) was administered in two @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of @entity1 during of follow up period was better in the optimally operated group. There was 2 death compared to 8 in suboptimally operated group, the progression free survival (PFS) was longer (8 vs. 6.54 months), and so was the OS (17.11 vs. 16.54 months). More disease free @entity1 was registered at the end of follow-up in the optimally operated group (29 vs. 12). The haematological side effect was also more frequent in the suboptimally operated group (12 vs 1). The data suggest that the quality of initial surgical procedure remains the main prognostic factor even if @entity1311 based combine chemotherapy is administered. On the other hand due to the @entity1311 based chemotherapy seems to be a promising "up front" treatment in @entity1 with @entity43 with few major side effect generally, and quite a lot haematological side effect in the suboptimally operated group only.

title: [Experience in first-line chemotherapy with XXXX for the treatment of @entity43 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: The cell cycle of cultured @entity1 @entity1204 cells were observed with a SEM using the synchronous culture method and the following results were obtained. In the M phase, the cells changed morphologically to become a minimum size and rounded in shape. Filopodia became thin and straight and reached their maximum length. Moreover, @entity4530 reaches their greatest number. In the G0+1 phase, the cells developed from a round shape to an oval shape, and finally became polymorphic. The ends of the filopodia degenerated and became shortened. The number of @entity4530 was decreased only in this stage. During the S phase, the cells became slender and reached maximum size. Short filopodia reappeared. No @entity4530 but the largest microvilli were found. When we compared the late G1 with the early G2 phase, we found polymorphism of the cells and coexistence of microvilli and @entity4530 common to both phases. However, ruffles were observed only in the former phase, while in the latter phase renewal of short filopodia together with thick and bent filopodia was evident. When we compared the late G2 with the early G1 phase, we found that the cells were small in size and round shape, and that the existence of @entity4530 was common to both phases. However, the tips of the filopodia were destroyed in the latter phase, while in the former phase thick and bent filopodia were observed.

title: [Scanning electron microscopic studies on the cell surface and cell synchronized culture of @entity1 XXXX (HEC-1) cells].

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial adenocarcinoma']


abstract: The cell cycle of cultured @entity1 @entity1204 cells were observed with a SEM using the synchronous culture method and the following results were obtained. In the M phase, the cells changed morphologically to become a minimum size and rounded in shape. Filopodia became thin and straight and reached their maximum length. Moreover, @entity4530 reaches their greatest number. In the G0+1 phase, the cells developed from a round shape to an oval shape, and finally became polymorphic. The ends of the filopodia degenerated and became shortened. The number of @entity4530 was decreased only in this stage. During the S phase, the cells became slender and reached maximum size. Short filopodia reappeared. No @entity4530 but the largest microvilli were found. When we compared the late G1 with the early G2 phase, we found polymorphism of the cells and coexistence of microvilli and @entity4530 common to both phases. However, ruffles were observed only in the former phase, while in the latter phase renewal of short filopodia together with thick and bent filopodia was evident. When we compared the late G2 with the early G1 phase, we found that the cells were small in size and round shape, and that the existence of @entity4530 was common to both phases. However, the tips of the filopodia were destroyed in the latter phase, while in the former phase thick and bent filopodia were observed.

title: [Scanning electron microscopic studies on the cell surface and cell synchronized culture of XXXX @entity1204 (HEC-1) cells].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Curves relating @entity8 and mean arterial pressure were derived in conscious @entity95 during ramp changes in mean arterial pressure, elicited by perivascular balloon inflation. The @entity8 -mean arterial pressure relationship consisted of a high-gain sigmoidal region about resting, where @entity8 rose or fell in response to moderate falls and rises of mean arterial pressure. With larger pressure rises, @entity8 first fell to a lower plateau and then reversed at even higher mean arterial pressure. When mean arterial pressure was lowered below resting, @entity8 rose to an upper plateau and then reversed abruptly toward resting at low mean arterial pressure. Both arterial and cardiac baroreceptors exerted substantial inhibitory influences on @entity8 at all pressure levels. These effects appeared additive over the central high gain region of the curve, but beyond this region there were non-additive interactions. The latter were affected considerably by alfathesin anesthesia. In other experiments, we studied the effects of sustained alterations in resting mean arterial pressure induced by infusing @entity1854 and @entity2647 , which produced rapid resetting of the renal baroreflex. The latter could be accounted for, in part, by resetting of the threshold of the arterial baroreceptors and in part by contributions from other afferents, probably the cardiac receptors. During resetting associated with @entity1854 -induced falls in resting blood pressure, high-gain reflex adjustments in @entity8 to moderate changes in mean arterial pressure were preserved, but during resetting associated with @entity2647 -induced rises in resting mean mean arterial pressure, the resting @entity8 lay on the lower curve plateau, resulting in reduction in the apparent gain of the reflex @entity8 response to moderate changes in mean arterial pressure.

title: The renal sympathetic baroreflex in the XXXX . Arterial and cardiac baroreceptor influences, resetting, and effect of anesthesia.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal sympathetic nerve activity']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: Forty-five @entity1 with @entity1358 were treated with @entity1524 ( @entity1524 ) and @entity4444 . @entity1 received @entity1524 , 100 mg orally daily; @entity4444 administration, 300 mg orally four times daily, was initiated on day 15 of therapy, and treatment with both drugs was continued until progression of disease. Three @entity1 are too early to evaluate (on study less than or equal to 2 months with no change in @entity5 status). Objective responses (greater than or equal to 50% reduction in measurable disease) occurred in 14 of 42 evaluable @entity1 (33.3%) (the 95% confidence interval based on this rate is +/- 14.3%), with three complete responses and 11 partial responses (PR). Complete responses lasted 9.5, 4+, and 9.5+ months. The median duration of response for the PR group was 5 months (range, 4 to 21+ months). Twelve @entity1 experienced stabilization of disease ranging from 4 to 16.5+ months. No response was seen in 16 @entity1 . There was no symptomatic, hematologic, or chemical (organ dysfunction) @entity137 among the 45 @entity1 treated. @entity1524 and @entity4444 appear to be safe and active agents in the treatment of metastatic @entity703 . Further studies are required to determine the optimal dose and scheduling of these agents.

title: Treatment of XXXX with @entity1524 ( @entity1524 ) and @entity4444 : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4444 :: ('MESH:D002927', 'Chemical') :: ['cimetidine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1524 :: ('MESH:C030123', 'Chemical') :: ['Coumarin', 'coumarin', '1,2-benzopyrone']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal carcinoma']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['metastatic renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Forty-five @entity1 with @entity1358 were treated with @entity1524 ( @entity1524 ) and @entity4444 . @entity1 received @entity1524 , 100 mg orally daily; @entity4444 administration, 300 mg orally four times daily, was initiated on day 15 of therapy, and treatment with both drugs was continued until progression of disease. Three @entity1 are too early to evaluate (on study less than or equal to 2 months with no change in @entity5 status). Objective responses (greater than or equal to 50% reduction in measurable disease) occurred in 14 of 42 evaluable @entity1 (33.3%) (the 95% confidence interval based on this rate is +/- 14.3%), with three complete responses and 11 partial responses (PR). Complete responses lasted 9.5, 4+, and 9.5+ months. The median duration of response for the PR group was 5 months (range, 4 to 21+ months). Twelve @entity1 experienced stabilization of disease ranging from 4 to 16.5+ months. No response was seen in 16 @entity1 . There was no symptomatic, hematologic, or chemical (organ dysfunction) @entity137 among the 45 @entity1 treated. @entity1524 and @entity4444 appear to be safe and active agents in the treatment of metastatic @entity703 . Further studies are required to determine the optimal dose and scheduling of these agents.

title: Treatment of @entity1358 with XXXX ( @entity1524 ) and @entity4444 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity1524 :: (MESH:C030123,Chemical) :: ['coumarin']


abstract: Forty-five @entity1 with @entity1358 were treated with @entity1524 ( @entity1524 ) and @entity4444 . @entity1 received @entity1524 , 100 mg orally daily; @entity4444 administration, 300 mg orally four times daily, was initiated on day 15 of therapy, and treatment with both drugs was continued until progression of disease. Three @entity1 are too early to evaluate (on study less than or equal to 2 months with no change in @entity5 status). Objective responses (greater than or equal to 50% reduction in measurable disease) occurred in 14 of 42 evaluable @entity1 (33.3%) (the 95% confidence interval based on this rate is +/- 14.3%), with three complete responses and 11 partial responses (PR). Complete responses lasted 9.5, 4+, and 9.5+ months. The median duration of response for the PR group was 5 months (range, 4 to 21+ months). Twelve @entity1 experienced stabilization of disease ranging from 4 to 16.5+ months. No response was seen in 16 @entity1 . There was no symptomatic, hematologic, or chemical (organ dysfunction) @entity137 among the 45 @entity1 treated. @entity1524 and @entity4444 appear to be safe and active agents in the treatment of metastatic @entity703 . Further studies are required to determine the optimal dose and scheduling of these agents.

title: Treatment of @entity1358 with @entity1524 ( XXXX ) and @entity4444 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity1524 :: (MESH:C030123,Chemical) :: ['1,2-benzopyrone']


abstract: Forty-five @entity1 with @entity1358 were treated with @entity1524 ( @entity1524 ) and @entity4444 . @entity1 received @entity1524 , 100 mg orally daily; @entity4444 administration, 300 mg orally four times daily, was initiated on day 15 of therapy, and treatment with both drugs was continued until progression of disease. Three @entity1 are too early to evaluate (on study less than or equal to 2 months with no change in @entity5 status). Objective responses (greater than or equal to 50% reduction in measurable disease) occurred in 14 of 42 evaluable @entity1 (33.3%) (the 95% confidence interval based on this rate is +/- 14.3%), with three complete responses and 11 partial responses (PR). Complete responses lasted 9.5, 4+, and 9.5+ months. The median duration of response for the PR group was 5 months (range, 4 to 21+ months). Twelve @entity1 experienced stabilization of disease ranging from 4 to 16.5+ months. No response was seen in 16 @entity1 . There was no symptomatic, hematologic, or chemical (organ dysfunction) @entity137 among the 45 @entity1 treated. @entity1524 and @entity4444 appear to be safe and active agents in the treatment of metastatic @entity703 . Further studies are required to determine the optimal dose and scheduling of these agents.

title: Treatment of @entity1358 with @entity1524 ( @entity1524 ) and XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity4444 :: (MESH:D002927,Chemical) :: ['cimetidine']


abstract: One hundred sixty-three @entity1 undergoing reoperative parathyroidectomy were evaluated before and after operation to determine the incidence of, risk factors for, and morbidity of @entity3746 . These @entity1 were compared to 77 @entity1 undergoing initial parathyroid operation, only one of whom had @entity3746 on postoperative indirect laryngoscopy (1.3%). Preoperative examination of the reoperative @entity1 revealed @entity3746 from initial exploration in 11 @entity1 who were excluded from this study. After re-exploration, 10 @entity1 (6.6%) had @entity3746 , eight unilateral and two bilateral. Right vocal cords were paralyzed twice as often as left. In 90%, @entity3746 was associated with removal or biopsy of an ipsilateral gland. @entity3746 occurred despite intraoperative visualization of the recurrent laryngeal nerves. Preoperative localization, parathyroid gland pathology, and concomitant thyroidectomy were not associated with increased risk of @entity3746 . Hoarseness was the major symptom. Tracheostomy was required for two @entity1 , one was permanent. One @entity1 was treated for aspiration with a temporary gastrostomy. Nine of 10 @entity1 had return of normal voice quality in an average of 4 months time. On examination 4 years or more after surgery, two of five @entity1 had normal vocal cord motion. The oblique anatomic course of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve may account for the greater frequency of right @entity3746 .

title: XXXX and reoperative parathyroidectomy. A prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3746 :: ('MESH:D014826', 'Disease') :: ['Vocal cord paralysis', 'vocal cord paralysis']

answer: @entity3746 :: (MESH:D014826,Disease) :: ['Vocal cord paralysis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term effect of physical exercise and a cognitive intervention in @entity1643 . DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS: Ninety-three @entity1 sick-listed for 8-12 weeks for @entity1643 were randomized to an exercise regime (n = 30), a cognitive intervention (n = 34) or a control group (n = 29). METHODS: Primary outcome measures were @entity158 , disability, sick-listing and satisfaction with care. Secondary outcome measures were self-efficacy for @entity158 and for function, fear-avoidance beliefs, emotional distress, generic health status and life satisfaction. RESULTS: Eighteen percent of subjects dropped out. Drop-out was most frequent in the exercise group. At 18 weeks after inclusion fear-avoidance beliefs were reduced in both intervention groups. The cognitive group demonstrated significant improvement in disability, self-efficacy for @entity158 , general health and life satisfaction. @entity1 in the exercise group were significantly more satisfied with the treatment, and @entity1 following the exercise protocol reduced @entity158 significantly. No effect on sick-listing was seen. CONCLUSION: Cognitive intervention improved disability and may be feasible for most @entity1 sick-listed in the sub-acute phase. Physical exercise reduced @entity1 ' symptoms, but requires high motivation by @entity1 . Despite positive effects in intervention groups on variables considered as negative prognostic factors for long-term disability and sickness absence, interventions had no effect on sick-listing.

title: Intensive group training versus cognitive intervention in XXXX : short-term results of a single-blind randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain', 'sub-acute low back pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain, emotional distress']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['sub-acute low back pain']


abstract: Seven @entity1 with @entity1147 right ventricle and subpulmonary @entity1757 (the @entity1147 ) underwent anatomical repair at the arterial level with transfer of the coronary arteries. At the time of operation, @entity1 ages ranged from 6 weeks to 33 months (mean 14.1 months) and weight ranged from 3.7 to 11.5 kg (mean 7.0 kg). Four @entity1 had prior pulmonary artery banding: Two of these four also had @entity1498 repairs, and one had a Blalock-Hanlon septectomy. Three different patterns of coronary artery distribution were encountered. Five @entity1 had side-to-side great arteries, and two had more or less anteroposterior great arterial relationships. There was one operative @entity204 (14.3%: 70% confidence limits 1.9 - 40.7%) resulting from muscular subvalvular right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO). There have been no late deaths in the six survivors followed 6 to 31 months postoperatively (mean 14.8 months). One @entity1 required closure of a residual @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) and infundibular resection for RVOTO 4 months postoperatively. All other survivors are functionally NYHA Class I. Five of the six survivors have undergone postoperative catheterization (mean interval 5.8 months). There was no @entity337 and good ventricular function in all @entity1 . In addition to the @entity1 with the residual @entity1757 , two other asymptomatic @entity1 had mild or moderate RVOTO. Compared with alternative surgical procedures for this @entity154 , anatomic correction has the advantages of acceptable operative mortality, use of the left ventricle as the systemic ventricle, no need for extracardiac conduits, and applicability to @entity1 with all variations of coronary artery and great artery anatomy.

title: Anatomic correction of XXXX right ventricle with subpulmonary @entity1757 (the " @entity1147 ).

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['VSD', 'ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation']

entities_list: @entity1147 :: ('MESH:D004310', 'Disease') :: ['double-outlet', 'Taussig-Bing anomaly']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['aortic insufficiency']

answer: @entity1147 :: (MESH:D004310,Disease) :: ['double-outlet']


abstract: Seven @entity1 with @entity1147 right ventricle and subpulmonary @entity1757 (the @entity1147 ) underwent anatomical repair at the arterial level with transfer of the coronary arteries. At the time of operation, @entity1 ages ranged from 6 weeks to 33 months (mean 14.1 months) and weight ranged from 3.7 to 11.5 kg (mean 7.0 kg). Four @entity1 had prior pulmonary artery banding: Two of these four also had @entity1498 repairs, and one had a Blalock-Hanlon septectomy. Three different patterns of coronary artery distribution were encountered. Five @entity1 had side-to-side great arteries, and two had more or less anteroposterior great arterial relationships. There was one operative @entity204 (14.3%: 70% confidence limits 1.9 - 40.7%) resulting from muscular subvalvular right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO). There have been no late deaths in the six survivors followed 6 to 31 months postoperatively (mean 14.8 months). One @entity1 required closure of a residual @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) and infundibular resection for RVOTO 4 months postoperatively. All other survivors are functionally NYHA Class I. Five of the six survivors have undergone postoperative catheterization (mean interval 5.8 months). There was no @entity337 and good ventricular function in all @entity1 . In addition to the @entity1 with the residual @entity1757 , two other asymptomatic @entity1 had mild or moderate RVOTO. Compared with alternative surgical procedures for this @entity154 , anatomic correction has the advantages of acceptable operative mortality, use of the left ventricle as the systemic ventricle, no need for extracardiac conduits, and applicability to @entity1 with all variations of coronary artery and great artery anatomy.

title: Anatomic correction of @entity1147 right ventricle with subpulmonary @entity1757 (the " XXXX ).

answer: @entity1147 :: (MESH:D004310,Disease) :: ['Taussig-Bing" anomaly']


abstract: Seven @entity1 with @entity1147 right ventricle and subpulmonary @entity1757 (the @entity1147 ) underwent anatomical repair at the arterial level with transfer of the coronary arteries. At the time of operation, @entity1 ages ranged from 6 weeks to 33 months (mean 14.1 months) and weight ranged from 3.7 to 11.5 kg (mean 7.0 kg). Four @entity1 had prior pulmonary artery banding: Two of these four also had @entity1498 repairs, and one had a Blalock-Hanlon septectomy. Three different patterns of coronary artery distribution were encountered. Five @entity1 had side-to-side great arteries, and two had more or less anteroposterior great arterial relationships. There was one operative @entity204 (14.3%: 70% confidence limits 1.9 - 40.7%) resulting from muscular subvalvular right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO). There have been no late deaths in the six survivors followed 6 to 31 months postoperatively (mean 14.8 months). One @entity1 required closure of a residual @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) and infundibular resection for RVOTO 4 months postoperatively. All other survivors are functionally NYHA Class I. Five of the six survivors have undergone postoperative catheterization (mean interval 5.8 months). There was no @entity337 and good ventricular function in all @entity1 . In addition to the @entity1 with the residual @entity1757 , two other asymptomatic @entity1 had mild or moderate RVOTO. Compared with alternative surgical procedures for this @entity154 , anatomic correction has the advantages of acceptable operative mortality, use of the left ventricle as the systemic ventricle, no need for extracardiac conduits, and applicability to @entity1 with all variations of coronary artery and great artery anatomy.

title: Anatomic correction of @entity1147 right ventricle with subpulmonary XXXX (the " @entity1147 ).

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['ventricular septal defect']


abstract: Twenty-two @entity64 @entity1 and their spouses were studied. All @entity1 were living at home and had had a @entity64 at least one year previously. Of the 22 @entity1 14 were @entity1 and eight were @entity1 . Couples were assessed on the variables of morale, family functioning, health status, and @entity1 functional capacity. For all variables, @entity1 -spouse and husband-wife differences were tested. Couples from a previously studied random community sample were matched to the @entity64 couples on age and socioeconomic status (SES). Identical morale, family functioning, and health status data collected on these couples were compared to the @entity64 data. The results included the following: @entity64 @entity1 and their spouses were healthy on all variables. Members of the couple did not differ on most variables whether compared as husband-wife or @entity1 -spouse. Wives from the two samples did not differ on any variable. Husbands from the @entity64 sample differed from the matched husbands on only one health variable--the number of doctor visits made in the past six months.

title: XXXX : morale, family functioning, health status, and functional capacity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: The ultrastructure of the striated myocytes in the pulmonary myocardium of the @entity35 @entity35 , was studied following left @entity1188 (LVI) for 4 days and 4 weeks, respectively. @entity63 was provided by ligating of the left coronary artery which successively produces @entity1002 and congestion of the left atrium and pulmonary veins. In general, the striated myocytes of the extrapulmonary veins of the control groups displayed ultrastructural characteristics similar to those of the left atrium. However, in the former, transverse tubules commonly occurred making interior couplings with the SR at the I-band levels. Also, between striated myocytes of the intrapulmonary veins of the controls nexus-like junctions of about 2 micron length were observed. Further, in the same groups atrial specific granules (ASG), including A-granules and B-granules, were present in about 20%-30% of the striated myocytes of the extrapulmonary veins as shown in single sections. The ASG tended to decrease by number in areas approaching the lung hilus and were not observed in the intrapulmonary veins of the controls. After 4 days of @entity63 granules also appeared in the intrapulmonary veins. They were mostly seen in single and randomly spread in the cytoplasm of a limited number of cells, i.e., in between 0% and 5% of the myocytes as seen in single sections. Four days of LVI produced only minor cellular injuries to the extrapulmonary and intrapulmonary venous wall, while more severe lesions appeared in both areas following 4 weeks of LVI. Such lesions were preferably localized to the adluminal surface and consisted mainly of Z-band and sarcomere anomalies, vacuolization of the cytoplasm and mitochondrial swelling.

title: Striated myocytes and atrial specific granules in the pulmonary veins of chronically infarcted XXXX hearts.

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular infarction']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ventricular ischemia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: One of the primary pathologies associated with @entity101 is a complex @entity5433 with evidence of sympathetic @entity2915 and/or vagal withdrawal. We investigated the possibility for early detection of essential @entity101 on the basis of the analysis of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure fluctuations, which reflect autonomic control. Young adult normotensive offspring of one @entity101 parent (KHT; n = 12) and normotensive offspring of two normotensive parents (YN; n = 14) participated in this study. ECG, continuous blood pressure, and respiration were recorded during steady-state conditions and under various autonomic challenges. Time-frequency decomposition of these signals was performed with the use of a continuous wavelet transform. The use of the wavelet transform enables the extension of typical HR variability analysis to non-steady-state conditions. This time-dependent spectral analysis of HR allows time-dependent quantification of different spectral components reflecting the sympathetic and parasympathetic activity during rapid transitions, such as an active @entity10409 ( @entity10409 ). During an active @entity10409 from the supine to standing position, KHT demonstrated a significantly greater increase in the low-frequency fluctuations in HR than YN, indicating enhanced sympathetic involvement in the HR response to @entity10409 , and a reduced alpha-index, indicating decreased baroreceptor sensitivity. On recovery from handgrip, vagal reactivation was more sluggish in KHT. These results indicate the early existence of malfunctions in both branches of autonomic control in individuals at increased risk of @entity101 .

title: Early autonomic malfunction in normotensive individuals with a genetic predisposition to essential XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity10409 :: ('MESH:D054972', 'Disease') :: ['CP', 'change in posture']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: @entity796 delivers the toxin ExoU to eukaryotic cells via a type III secretion system. Intoxication with ExoU is associated with @entity651 , @entity2348 in animal model and @entity1 @entity281 . To search for ExoU targets in a genetically tractable system, we used controlled expression of the toxin in @entity375 . ExoU was cytotoxic for @entity375 and caused a @entity13312 phenotype. Inhibitors of @entity1 @entity460 -independent ( @entity30076 ) and cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) lipase activity reduce the @entity137 of ExoU. The catalytic domains of patatin, @entity30076 and cPLA(2) align or are similar to ExoU sequences. Site-specific mutagenesis of predicted catalytic residues (ExoUS142A or ExoUD344A) eliminated @entity137 . ExoU expression in @entity375 resulted in an accumulation of free @entity7609 , changes in the phospholipid profiles and reduction of radiolabeled neutral lipids. ExoUS142A and ExoUD344A expressed in @entity375 failed to release @entity7609 . Recombinant ExoU demonstrated lipase activity in vitro, but only in the presence of a @entity375 extract. From these data we conclude that ExoU is a lipase that requires activation or modification by eukaryotic factors.

title: The mechanism of action of the XXXX -encoded type III cytotoxin, ExoU.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity13312 :: ('MESH:C536522', 'Disease') :: ['vacuolar fragmentation']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial dissemination and sepsis']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity7609 :: ('MESH:D019308', 'Chemical') :: ['palmitic acid']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: Previous publications have reported an unusually high @entity694 mortality rate for several Kentucky counties. We investigated these high rates by examining incidence of @entity14 in one county with a high mortality. The objective was to determine whether the incidence of @entity14 was as high as mortality rates indicated and, if so, to look for possible etiologic factors for the high rates. We found the incidence of @entity694 to be significantly higher in Campbell County than expected. While we expected 162 cases of @entity694 , we actually observed 192 (P less than .01). The number of @entity5 was no higher than expected (52 expected and 62 observed), in agreement with previously reported mortality figures. A geographic plot of cases by home residence showed a significantly higher rate of @entity694 for urban county regions than for rural regions. In fact, the population of rural Campbell County had a @entity694 rate significantly lower than either the county rate or the national rate. Several factors were analyzed to explain these rate differences. The only consistently associated factor was source of residential drinking water.

title: XXXX mortality and incidence in Campbell County, Kentucky.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancers']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal cancer']


abstract: @entity130 is often used to describe a brain insult. However, this approach assumes cortical equivalency and ignores the special importance that certain cortical regions have in the generation of behaviour. We hypothesized that incorporating knowledge of normal brain functional anatomy into the description of a motor @entity21 would provide an improved framework for understanding consequent behavioural effects. Anatomical scanning was performed in 21 @entity1 with a chronic @entity64 that involved the sensorimotor cortex. Functional MRI (fMRI) was used to generate separate average activation maps for four tasks including hand, shoulder and face motor tasks in 14 controls. For each task, group average maps for contralateral sensorimotor cortex activation were generated. Injury to these maps was measured by superimposing each @entity1 's @entity1188 . These measurements were then correlated with behavioural assessments. In bivariate analyses, injury to fMRI maps correlated with behavioural assessments more strongly than total @entity1188 volume. For example, performance on the Purdue pegboard test by the @entity64 -affected hand correlated with the fraction of hand motor map injured (r = -0.79) more strongly than with @entity1188 volume (r = -0.60). In multiple linear regression analyses, measures of functional map injury, but not @entity1188 volume, remained as significant explanatory variables for behavioural assessments. Injury to >37% of the hand motor map was associated with total loss of hand motor function. Hand and shoulder motor maps showed considerable spatial overlap (63%) and similar behavioural consequences of injury to each map, while hand and face motor maps showed limited overlap (10.4%) and disparate behavioural consequences of injury to each map. Lesion effects support current models of broad, rather than focal, sensorimotor cortex somatotopic representation. In the current cross-sectional study, incorporating an understanding of normal tissue function into lesion measurement provided improved insights into the behavioural consequences of focal @entity1545 .

title: Improved understanding of XXXX by incorporating measures of functional anatomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cortical stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['cortex injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Volume of injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['cortical injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: Initial response of intraocular @entity995 to chemotherapy has encouraged primary chemotherapy instead of primary enucleation for eyes with clinical features suggesting high risk of extraocular extension or @entity3 . Upfront enucleation of such high-risk eyes allows pathologic evaluation of extraocular extension, key to management with appropriate surveillance and adjuvant therapy. Does chemotherapy before enucleation mask histologic features of extraocular extension, potentially endangering the @entity1 's life by subsequent undertreatment? METHODS: We performed retrospective analysis of 100 eyes with advanced @entity995 enucleated with, or without, primary chemotherapy, in Beijing Tongren Hospital, retrospectively, from October 31, 2008. The extent of @entity995 invasion into optic nerve, uvea, and anterior chamber on histopathology was staged by pTNM classification. The treatment groups were compared for pathologic stage (Cochran-Armitage trend test) and disease-specific mortality (competing risks methods). RESULTS: @entity1 who received chemotherapy before enucleation had lower pTNM stage than primarily enucleated @entity1 (P = .01). Five @entity1 who received pre-enucleation chemotherapy died as a result of extension into brain or @entity3 . No @entity1 who had primary enucleation died. For @entity1 with group E eyes, disease-specific survival (DSS) was lower with pre-enucleation chemotherapy (n = 45) than with primary enucleation (n = 37; P = .01). Enucleation longer than 3 months after diagnosis was also associated with lower DSS (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy before enucleation of group E eyes with advanced @entity995 downstaged pathologic evidence of extraocular extension, and increased the risk of metastatic death from reduced surveillance and inappropriate management of high-risk disease, if enucleation was performed longer than 3 months after diagnosis.

title: Pre-enucleation chemotherapy for eyes severely affected by @entity995 masks risk of tumor extension and increases death from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Initial response of intraocular @entity995 to chemotherapy has encouraged primary chemotherapy instead of primary enucleation for eyes with clinical features suggesting high risk of extraocular extension or @entity3 . Upfront enucleation of such high-risk eyes allows pathologic evaluation of extraocular extension, key to management with appropriate surveillance and adjuvant therapy. Does chemotherapy before enucleation mask histologic features of extraocular extension, potentially endangering the @entity1 's life by subsequent undertreatment? METHODS: We performed retrospective analysis of 100 eyes with advanced @entity995 enucleated with, or without, primary chemotherapy, in Beijing Tongren Hospital, retrospectively, from October 31, 2008. The extent of @entity995 invasion into optic nerve, uvea, and anterior chamber on histopathology was staged by pTNM classification. The treatment groups were compared for pathologic stage (Cochran-Armitage trend test) and disease-specific mortality (competing risks methods). RESULTS: @entity1 who received chemotherapy before enucleation had lower pTNM stage than primarily enucleated @entity1 (P = .01). Five @entity1 who received pre-enucleation chemotherapy died as a result of extension into brain or @entity3 . No @entity1 who had primary enucleation died. For @entity1 with group E eyes, disease-specific survival (DSS) was lower with pre-enucleation chemotherapy (n = 45) than with primary enucleation (n = 37; P = .01). Enucleation longer than 3 months after diagnosis was also associated with lower DSS (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy before enucleation of group E eyes with advanced @entity995 downstaged pathologic evidence of extraocular extension, and increased the risk of metastatic death from reduced surveillance and inappropriate management of high-risk disease, if enucleation was performed longer than 3 months after diagnosis.

title: Pre-enucleation chemotherapy for eyes severely affected by XXXX masks risk of tumor extension and increases death from @entity3 .

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['retinoblastoma']


abstract: We have reviewed 38 surgically treated cases of spontaneous @entity129 in 38 @entity1 with a mean age of 43 years (13 to 68) in order to identify clinical factors associated with its prognosis. Interfascicular neurolysis was performed at a mean of 13 months (1 to 187) after the onset of symptoms. The mean follow-up was 21 months (5.5 to 221). Medical Research Council muscle power of more than grade 4 was considered to be a good result. A further 12 cases in ten @entity1 were treated conservatively and assessed similarly. Of the 30 cases treated surgically with available outcome data, the result of interfascicular neurolysis was significantly better in @entity1 < 50 years old (younger group (18 nerves); good: 13 nerves (72%), poor: five nerves (28%)) than in cases > 50 years old (older group (12 nerves); good: one nerve (8%), poor: 11 nerves (92%)) (p < 0.001). A pre-operative period of less than seven months was also associated with a good result in the younger group (p = 0.01). The older group had a poor result regardless of the pre-operative delay. Our recommended therapeutic approach therefore is to perform interfascicular neurolysis if the @entity1 is < 50 years of age, and the pre-operative delay is < seven months. If the @entity1 is > 50 years of age with no sign of recovery for seven months, or in the younger group with a pre-operative delay of more than a year, we advise interfascicular neurolysis together with tendon transfer as the primary surgical procedure.

title: Surgical treatment of spontaneous XXXX : a retrospective study of 50 cases.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['posterior interosseous nerve palsy']

answer: @entity129 :: (MESH:D003389,Disease) :: ['posterior interosseous nerve palsy']


abstract: We previously reported that the long terminal repeats (LTRs) of retroviral elements belonging to the HERV-E family contribute to the expression of the @entity1 @entity45925 ( @entity45925 ) and endothelin B receptor ( @entity1627 ) genes by providing alternative promoters. While both LTRs were shown to promote transcription in vivo and in vitro, their respective activity and tissue specificity appeared to differ even though they shared a high degree of sequence identity. In the present study, we further characterized the promoter of the @entity1627 LTR and delineated the regions and motifs required for strong activity. We confirmed the placenta-restricted expression of the LTR by transient transfections and quantitative real-time PCR and determined that the retroviral promoter contributes significantly to the level of @entity1627 transcripts in placenta, where chimeric mRNAs were found to represent 15% of overall @entity1627 mRNAs. Transient transfection of 5' deletion constructs in cells of placental origin identified a motif, named LPE1, between positions 111 and 122 of the @entity1627 LTR necessary for transcriptional activity. Removal of this region, which contains a putative SP1 binding site, abolished promoter activity. A second enhancing region resides between positions 175 and 215 of the LTR and was termed LPE2. Interestingly, this section contained three binding sites that were not present in the @entity45925 LTR due to minor @entity377 differences. The predicted motifs in the @entity1627 LTR were found to likely act in symbiosis as modifications to any of the three sites reduced transcription by one-third while alterations to all three eliminated promoter activity. The results from this study illustrate how slight variations in transcriptional regulatory sequences can have a profound effect on promoter activity and demonstrate the complex regulatory effects of @entity1 endogenous retrovirus elements on @entity1 gene expression.

title: Functional analysis of the endogenous retroviral promoter of the XXXX endothelin B receptor gene.

entities_list: @entity45925 :: ('341', 'Gene') :: ['APOC1', 'apolipoprotein C1']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 overcrowding and violent assaults by @entity1 are two major problems in @entity146 healthcare. However, evidence of an association between overcrowding and @entity146 among @entity1 is mixed and limited to small-scale studies. AIMS: This study examined the association between ward overcrowding and violent physical assaults in acute-care @entity146 in- @entity1 hospital wards. METHOD: Longitudinal study using ward-level monthly records of bed occupancy and staff reports of the timing of violent acts during a 5-month period in 90 in- @entity1 wards in 13 acute @entity146 hospitals in Finland. In total 1098 employees (physicians, ward head nurses, registered nurses, licensed practical nurses) participated in the study. The outcome measure was staff reports of the timing of physical assaults on both themselves and ward property. RESULTS: We found that 46% of hospital staff were working in overcrowded wards, as indicated by >10 percentage units of excess bed occupancy, whereas only 30% of hospital personnel were working in a ward with no excess occupancy. An excess bed occupancy rate of >10 percentage units at the time of an event was associated with violent assaults towards employees (odds ratio (OR) = 1.72, 95% CI 1.05-2.80; OR = 3.04, 95% CI 1.51-6.13 in adult wards) after adjustment for confounding factors. No association was found with assaults on ward property (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.75-1.50). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that @entity1 overcrowding is highly prevalent in @entity146 hospitals and, importantly, may increase the risk of violence directed at staff.

title: Overcrowding in XXXX wards and physical assaults on staff: data-linked longitudinal study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'aggressive behaviour']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: A 77 year old right handed male was blind since the age of 2. He presented with an @entity1188 involving the territory of the left middle cerebral artery involving the temporal and the inferior parietal lobes. He had learned to read and write language as well as read and write music in braille, ultimately becoming a famous organist and composer. There were no motor or sensory deficits. @entity244 with jargonaphasia, major difficulty in repetition, @entity5547 and a significant @entity51 without @entity2319 was present; verbal @entity5545 and @entity1055 in braille were also present. There was no evidence of @entity27500 . He could execute in an exemplary fashion pieces of music for the organ in his repertory as well as improvise. All his musical capabilities: transposition, modulation, harmony, rythm, were preserved. The musical notation in braille remained intact: he could read by touch and play unfamiliar scores, he could also read and sing the musical notes, he could copy and write a score. Nine months after the @entity64 his aphasia remained unchanged. Nevertheless he composed pieces for the organ which were published. Such data highly suggest the independence of linguistic and musical competences, defined as the analysis and organization of sounds according to the rules of music. This independence in an extremely talented musician leads to a discussion of the role of the right hemisphere in the anatomical-functional processes at the origin of musical competence. The use of braille in which the same constellations of dots correspond either to letters of the alphabet or musical notes supports the independence between language and music.

title: [Aphasia without @entity27500 in a blind organist. Verbal @entity5545 - @entity1055 without XXXX - @entity1055 in braille].

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['word deafness']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['comprehension deficit']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Wernicke's aphasia"]

answer: @entity5545 :: (MESH:D004410,Disease) :: ['musical alexia']


abstract: A 77 year old right handed male was blind since the age of 2. He presented with an @entity1188 involving the territory of the left middle cerebral artery involving the temporal and the inferior parietal lobes. He had learned to read and write language as well as read and write music in braille, ultimately becoming a famous organist and composer. There were no motor or sensory deficits. @entity244 with jargonaphasia, major difficulty in repetition, @entity5547 and a significant @entity51 without @entity2319 was present; verbal @entity5545 and @entity1055 in braille were also present. There was no evidence of @entity27500 . He could execute in an exemplary fashion pieces of music for the organ in his repertory as well as improvise. All his musical capabilities: transposition, modulation, harmony, rythm, were preserved. The musical notation in braille remained intact: he could read by touch and play unfamiliar scores, he could also read and sing the musical notes, he could copy and write a score. Nine months after the @entity64 his aphasia remained unchanged. Nevertheless he composed pieces for the organ which were published. Such data highly suggest the independence of linguistic and musical competences, defined as the analysis and organization of sounds according to the rules of music. This independence in an extremely talented musician leads to a discussion of the role of the right hemisphere in the anatomical-functional processes at the origin of musical competence. The use of braille in which the same constellations of dots correspond either to letters of the alphabet or musical notes supports the independence between language and music.

title: [Aphasia without @entity27500 in a blind organist. Verbal XXXX - @entity1055 without @entity5545 - @entity1055 in braille].

answer: @entity5545 :: (MESH:D004410,Disease) :: ['alexia']


abstract: A 77 year old right handed male was blind since the age of 2. He presented with an @entity1188 involving the territory of the left middle cerebral artery involving the temporal and the inferior parietal lobes. He had learned to read and write language as well as read and write music in braille, ultimately becoming a famous organist and composer. There were no motor or sensory deficits. @entity244 with jargonaphasia, major difficulty in repetition, @entity5547 and a significant @entity51 without @entity2319 was present; verbal @entity5545 and @entity1055 in braille were also present. There was no evidence of @entity27500 . He could execute in an exemplary fashion pieces of music for the organ in his repertory as well as improvise. All his musical capabilities: transposition, modulation, harmony, rythm, were preserved. The musical notation in braille remained intact: he could read by touch and play unfamiliar scores, he could also read and sing the musical notes, he could copy and write a score. Nine months after the @entity64 his aphasia remained unchanged. Nevertheless he composed pieces for the organ which were published. Such data highly suggest the independence of linguistic and musical competences, defined as the analysis and organization of sounds according to the rules of music. This independence in an extremely talented musician leads to a discussion of the role of the right hemisphere in the anatomical-functional processes at the origin of musical competence. The use of braille in which the same constellations of dots correspond either to letters of the alphabet or musical notes supports the independence between language and music.

title: [Aphasia without @entity27500 in a blind organist. Verbal @entity5545 - XXXX without @entity5545 - @entity1055 in braille].

answer: @entity1055 :: (MESH:D000381,Disease) :: ['agraphia']


abstract: A 77 year old right handed male was blind since the age of 2. He presented with an @entity1188 involving the territory of the left middle cerebral artery involving the temporal and the inferior parietal lobes. He had learned to read and write language as well as read and write music in braille, ultimately becoming a famous organist and composer. There were no motor or sensory deficits. @entity244 with jargonaphasia, major difficulty in repetition, @entity5547 and a significant @entity51 without @entity2319 was present; verbal @entity5545 and @entity1055 in braille were also present. There was no evidence of @entity27500 . He could execute in an exemplary fashion pieces of music for the organ in his repertory as well as improvise. All his musical capabilities: transposition, modulation, harmony, rythm, were preserved. The musical notation in braille remained intact: he could read by touch and play unfamiliar scores, he could also read and sing the musical notes, he could copy and write a score. Nine months after the @entity64 his aphasia remained unchanged. Nevertheless he composed pieces for the organ which were published. Such data highly suggest the independence of linguistic and musical competences, defined as the analysis and organization of sounds according to the rules of music. This independence in an extremely talented musician leads to a discussion of the role of the right hemisphere in the anatomical-functional processes at the origin of musical competence. The use of braille in which the same constellations of dots correspond either to letters of the alphabet or musical notes supports the independence between language and music.

title: [Aphasia without @entity27500 in a blind organist. Verbal @entity5545 - @entity1055 without @entity5545 - XXXX in braille].

answer: @entity1055 :: (MESH:D000381,Disease) :: ['agraphia']


abstract: A 77 year old right handed male was blind since the age of 2. He presented with an @entity1188 involving the territory of the left middle cerebral artery involving the temporal and the inferior parietal lobes. He had learned to read and write language as well as read and write music in braille, ultimately becoming a famous organist and composer. There were no motor or sensory deficits. @entity244 with jargonaphasia, major difficulty in repetition, @entity5547 and a significant @entity51 without @entity2319 was present; verbal @entity5545 and @entity1055 in braille were also present. There was no evidence of @entity27500 . He could execute in an exemplary fashion pieces of music for the organ in his repertory as well as improvise. All his musical capabilities: transposition, modulation, harmony, rythm, were preserved. The musical notation in braille remained intact: he could read by touch and play unfamiliar scores, he could also read and sing the musical notes, he could copy and write a score. Nine months after the @entity64 his aphasia remained unchanged. Nevertheless he composed pieces for the organ which were published. Such data highly suggest the independence of linguistic and musical competences, defined as the analysis and organization of sounds according to the rules of music. This independence in an extremely talented musician leads to a discussion of the role of the right hemisphere in the anatomical-functional processes at the origin of musical competence. The use of braille in which the same constellations of dots correspond either to letters of the alphabet or musical notes supports the independence between language and music.

title: [Aphasia without XXXX in a blind organist. Verbal @entity5545 - @entity1055 without @entity5545 - @entity1055 in braille].

answer: @entity27500 :: (MESH:C566019,Disease) :: ['amusia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the epidemiology of @entity348 for @entity571 and the change of @entity1 characteristics over the last decade. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: A tertiary referral centre for joint replacement surgery in a teaching hospital in Hong Kong. @entity1 : All @entity1 who underwent primary @entity348 for primary @entity626 from January 2000 to December 2009. RESULTS: In all, 1157 total knee arthroplasties (589 left and 568 right) were performed on 588 females and 162 males. The annual number of total knee arthroplasties increased from 91 in 2000 to 181 in 2009. The annual number of @entity1 increased from 58 (46 female, 12 male) in 2000 to 159 (117 female, 42 male) in 2009. When compared yearly results, there were no significant changes in the preoperative Knee Society Knee Score, Knee Society Functional Assessment, and passive range of motion of these @entity1 . However, there was a significant decreasing trend with regard to lower limb mechanical axis mal-alignment, from 15.1   deviation from the neutral axis in 2000, to 14.8   deviation in 2004, and then 12.9   deviation in 2009 (mostly @entity85 ). There was no difference between left knees and right knees, and between females and males. The mean age of the @entity1 did not show significant change over the past decade, but the number and proportion of @entity1 over 80 years old showed an increase from 4.8% (2000 to 2004) to 13.8% (2005 to 2009). On the other hand, the number and proportion of @entity1 under the age of 60 years did not change. CONCLUSIONS: There was an increasing trend towards total knee arthroplasties, both in terms of number of operations and @entity1 . The number of younger @entity1 having @entity348 did not increase over the last 10 years, whereas the number of those older than 80 years increased significantly over that period.

title: Total knee arthroplasty for primary XXXX : changing pattern over the past 10 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['primary osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['total knee arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['varus deformity']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term outcome of open and laparoscopic surgery for Dukes' B and @entity5 in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: A regional hospital in Hong Kong. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Survival and local recurrence rates. @entity1 : @entity1 with Dukes' B and C @entity5 underwent elective curative open or laparoscopic surgery during the period December 2000 to December 2006. RESULTS: A total of 222 @entity1 (open surgery, n=133; laparoscopic surgery, n=89) were assessed. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates for all @entity1 were 72% and 58%, respectively. Local recurrence rates were similar in both groups. Laparoscopic group had better overall survival (P=0.014), however. The overall 3-year survival rates were 79% and 68% in the laparoscopic and open groups, respectively. The corresponding 5-year rates were 75% and 52%. Multivariate analysis also demonstrated that laparoscopic surgery was a significant independent factor for better survival. Chemotherapy, local recurrence, lymph node @entity3 , and poorly differentiated @entity5 were significantly associated with survival. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic surgery for Dukes' B and @entity5 was associated with more favourable survival than with open surgery.

title: Clinical outcome of open and laparoscopic surgery in Dukes' B and XXXX : experience from a regional hospital in Hong Kong.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['C rectal cancer', 'rectal cancers', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['C rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many studies have investigated the association between the @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and carotid artery @entity121 ( @entity121 ); however, most studies were small and conducted in selective samples. The aim of this study was to evaluate this association by performing a meta-analysis on published articles. METHODS: We searched Medline for articles studying the association between the @entity1289 I/D polymorphism and carotid @entity121 . Twenty-six studies were found; 23 articles containing 9833 subjects were qualified to enter the meta-analysis. We classified those articles on the basis of their samples into high-risk and low-risk populations and white and Asian ethnic groups. @entity121 was used as a continuous variable, and data were analyzed with the Cochrane Review Manager. RESULTS: A significant positive association was present between the D allele and common carotid @entity121 (weighted mean difference between @entity336 and II genotypes, 0.23 mm x 10(-1); P<0.01). The association was stronger among high-risk populations. The point estimates of @entity336 versus II were higher than those of ID versus II. CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis showed evidence of a positive association between the D allele of the @entity1289 gene and common carotid @entity121 . The overall results were concordant in both ethnic groups.

title: XXXX gene polymorphism and carotid artery wall thickness: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

answer: @entity1289 :: (1636,Gene) :: ['Angiotensin-converting enzyme']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional imaging study of young adults. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether severity of @entity1643 predicts @entity194 in the paraspinal muscles of young adults. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although an increased fat content of the lumbar muscles has been observed among adults with chronic @entity5752 , there is limited knowledge of this association in younger populations. METHODS: The population-based study sample consisted of 554 subjects (321 females and 233 males) from the 1986 Northern Finland Birth Cohort. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was used to cluster the subjects according to the @entity1643 and functional limitations at 18, 19, and 21 years. The mean age of the subjects at the time of the MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) was 21 years (range, 20-23). @entity2057 was evaluated by assessing the fat content of the paraspinal muscles using Opposed-Phase MRI. The cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles were also measured. RESULTS: LCA analysis produced five clusters differing in symptoms, ranging from a cluster (n = 65) in which subjects had high likelihood of symptoms and functional limitations at all time points, to a cluster (n = 165) with no @entity158 ever. The fat content of the multifidus muscles was significantly higher among @entity1 than @entity1 (14.0% vs. 5.3%, P < 0.001), but it was not significantly associated with symptom severity. The CSA of both erector spinae and multifidus muscles were significantly larger among @entity1 than @entity1 (P < 0.001 in all of the muscles), but were not associated with @entity158 severity. CONCLUSION: @entity1643 and functional limitations over a 3-year period were not associated with increased fat content or a reduction in the cross-sectional area of lumbar paraspinal muscles among young adults.

title: Assessment of association between XXXX and @entity2057 using opposed-phase magnetic resonance imaging: a population-based study among young adults.

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['Low back symptoms', 'low back symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['Muscle atrophy']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['low back pain']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional imaging study of young adults. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether severity of @entity1643 predicts @entity194 in the paraspinal muscles of young adults. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although an increased fat content of the lumbar muscles has been observed among adults with chronic @entity5752 , there is limited knowledge of this association in younger populations. METHODS: The population-based study sample consisted of 554 subjects (321 females and 233 males) from the 1986 Northern Finland Birth Cohort. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was used to cluster the subjects according to the @entity1643 and functional limitations at 18, 19, and 21 years. The mean age of the subjects at the time of the MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) was 21 years (range, 20-23). @entity2057 was evaluated by assessing the fat content of the paraspinal muscles using Opposed-Phase MRI. The cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles were also measured. RESULTS: LCA analysis produced five clusters differing in symptoms, ranging from a cluster (n = 65) in which subjects had high likelihood of symptoms and functional limitations at all time points, to a cluster (n = 165) with no @entity158 ever. The fat content of the multifidus muscles was significantly higher among @entity1 than @entity1 (14.0% vs. 5.3%, P < 0.001), but it was not significantly associated with symptom severity. The CSA of both erector spinae and multifidus muscles were significantly larger among @entity1 than @entity1 (P < 0.001 in all of the muscles), but were not associated with @entity158 severity. CONCLUSION: @entity1643 and functional limitations over a 3-year period were not associated with increased fat content or a reduction in the cross-sectional area of lumbar paraspinal muscles among young adults.

title: Assessment of association between @entity1643 and XXXX using opposed-phase magnetic resonance imaging: a population-based study among young adults.

answer: @entity2057 :: (MESH:D009133,Disease) :: ['paraspinal muscle atrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is a lack of systematic data regarding @entity432 ( @entity432 ) of thromboemboli occurring during @entity12870 with the use of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA). We report our technique for treating @entity432 of intracerebral thromboemboli occurring during @entity12870 . METHODS: Nine of 723 @entity1 (1.2%) who underwent @entity12870 during the period from January 1997 to September 2002 suffered @entity1031 . These @entity1 were treated by @entity432 with a maximum dose of 0.9 mg rtPA per kilogram body weight. Recanalization was categorized as successful (Thrombolysis in @entity583 [TIMI] grade 2 or 3) versus unsuccessful (TIMI grade 0 or 1), and clinical outcome was categorized as independent (Rankin Scale score 0 to 2) versus dependent or dead (Rankin Scale score 3 to 6). RESULTS: The minimum time between @entity715 detection and beginning of @entity432 was 10 minutes, and the maximum time was 90 minutes. Successful recanalization was achieved in 4 of 9 @entity1 (44%). All 9 @entity1 suffered cerebral @entity1188 , and none of the @entity1 sustained @entity1779 . Two @entity1 (22%) died from malignant @entity4798 . Four @entity1 (44%) remained moderately disabled, and 3 @entity1 (33%) were severely disabled 3 months after @entity432 . CONCLUSIONS: Although we used relatively high doses of rtPA, the recanalization rates and clinical outcome of @entity432 in our @entity1 were not satisfactory. Strategies for the prevention of thromboemboli during @entity12870 must be improved, and novel fibrinolytic or thrombolytic techniques should be developed.

title: Local intra-arterial fibrinolysis of thromboemboli occurring during XXXX with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['brain infarctions']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic infarctions']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic complications']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['LIF', 'local intra-arterial fibrinolysis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial Infarction']

entities_list: @entity12870 :: ('MESH:D055191', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendovascular procedures']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity12870 :: (MESH:D055191,Disease) :: ['neuroendovascular procedures']