abstract: PURPOSE: Few treatment options are available for @entity1 with advanced or metastatic @entity157 ( @entity157 ). Based on preclinical and early clinical efficacy signals and lack of overlapping @entity137 , we undertook this multicenter phase II trial to estimate efficacy and safety of @entity2239 and @entity22798 in advanced @entity157 . METHODS: @entity1 with advanced @entity157 not amenable to locoregional therapy and @entity1 -Pugh A @entity82 received @entity2239 7.5 mg PO daily and @entity22798 LAR 60 mg IM every 28 days. The primary endpoint was @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ), with 26 events needed to evaluate if @entity2239 + @entity22798 improved @entity1054 from 2.8 to 4.4 months, with 80% power and an alpha of 0.05. Secondary endpoints included response as measured by RECIST modified for @entity157 , treatment-emergent adverse events, and overall survival. RESULTS: After 24 @entity1 were enrolled, results of a randomized trial showing no benefit of @entity2239 in @entity157 were released prompting an unplanned interim analysis that found the conditional probability of rejecting the null hypothesis based on events in those @entity1 was 0.08. Therefore accrual was halted. @entity1 had a median age of 59 years, 21 (88%) had BCLC stage C @entity5 , and 11 (46%) metastatic disease. Median @entity1054 was 3.5 months (95% CI 2-5.8) and median survival 6.7 months (95% CI 6-infinity). Best response was stable disease in ten @entity1 . Grade 3 @entity4854 occurred in 6 (25%). There were no grade 4 treatment-emergent events. CONCLUSION: Despite promising early efficacy signals, we found no benefit for the combination of @entity2239 and @entity22798 in @entity157 .

title: XXXX and @entity22798 for advanced and metastatic @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity22798 :: ('MESH:C517782', 'Chemical') :: ['pasireotide']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TTP', 'time to progression']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity2239 :: (MESH:C107135,Chemical) :: ['Everolimus']


abstract: PURPOSE: Few treatment options are available for @entity1 with advanced or metastatic @entity157 ( @entity157 ). Based on preclinical and early clinical efficacy signals and lack of overlapping @entity137 , we undertook this multicenter phase II trial to estimate efficacy and safety of @entity2239 and @entity22798 in advanced @entity157 . METHODS: @entity1 with advanced @entity157 not amenable to locoregional therapy and @entity1 -Pugh A @entity82 received @entity2239 7.5 mg PO daily and @entity22798 LAR 60 mg IM every 28 days. The primary endpoint was @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ), with 26 events needed to evaluate if @entity2239 + @entity22798 improved @entity1054 from 2.8 to 4.4 months, with 80% power and an alpha of 0.05. Secondary endpoints included response as measured by RECIST modified for @entity157 , treatment-emergent adverse events, and overall survival. RESULTS: After 24 @entity1 were enrolled, results of a randomized trial showing no benefit of @entity2239 in @entity157 were released prompting an unplanned interim analysis that found the conditional probability of rejecting the null hypothesis based on events in those @entity1 was 0.08. Therefore accrual was halted. @entity1 had a median age of 59 years, 21 (88%) had BCLC stage C @entity5 , and 11 (46%) metastatic disease. Median @entity1054 was 3.5 months (95% CI 2-5.8) and median survival 6.7 months (95% CI 6-infinity). Best response was stable disease in ten @entity1 . Grade 3 @entity4854 occurred in 6 (25%). There were no grade 4 treatment-emergent events. CONCLUSION: Despite promising early efficacy signals, we found no benefit for the combination of @entity2239 and @entity22798 in @entity157 .

title: @entity2239 and XXXX for advanced and metastatic @entity157 .

answer: @entity22798 :: (MESH:C517782,Chemical) :: ['pasireotide']


abstract: PURPOSE: Few treatment options are available for @entity1 with advanced or metastatic @entity157 ( @entity157 ). Based on preclinical and early clinical efficacy signals and lack of overlapping @entity137 , we undertook this multicenter phase II trial to estimate efficacy and safety of @entity2239 and @entity22798 in advanced @entity157 . METHODS: @entity1 with advanced @entity157 not amenable to locoregional therapy and @entity1 -Pugh A @entity82 received @entity2239 7.5 mg PO daily and @entity22798 LAR 60 mg IM every 28 days. The primary endpoint was @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ), with 26 events needed to evaluate if @entity2239 + @entity22798 improved @entity1054 from 2.8 to 4.4 months, with 80% power and an alpha of 0.05. Secondary endpoints included response as measured by RECIST modified for @entity157 , treatment-emergent adverse events, and overall survival. RESULTS: After 24 @entity1 were enrolled, results of a randomized trial showing no benefit of @entity2239 in @entity157 were released prompting an unplanned interim analysis that found the conditional probability of rejecting the null hypothesis based on events in those @entity1 was 0.08. Therefore accrual was halted. @entity1 had a median age of 59 years, 21 (88%) had BCLC stage C @entity5 , and 11 (46%) metastatic disease. Median @entity1054 was 3.5 months (95% CI 2-5.8) and median survival 6.7 months (95% CI 6-infinity). Best response was stable disease in ten @entity1 . Grade 3 @entity4854 occurred in 6 (25%). There were no grade 4 treatment-emergent events. CONCLUSION: Despite promising early efficacy signals, we found no benefit for the combination of @entity2239 and @entity22798 in @entity157 .

title: @entity2239 and @entity22798 for advanced and metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BackgroundIn order to estimate utilities for @entity5 studies where the EQ-5D was not used, the EORTC QLQ-C30 can be used to estimate EQ-5D using existing mapping algorithms. Several mapping algorithms exist for this transformation, however, algorithms tend to lose accuracy in @entity1 in poor health states. The aim of this study was to test all existing mapping algorithms of QLQ-C30 onto EQ-5D, in a dataset of @entity1 with @entity3620 , an invariably fatal @entity5 where no previous mapping estimation has been published.MethodsHealth related quality of life (HRQoL) data where both the EQ-5D and QLQ-C30 were used simultaneously was obtained from the UK-based prospective observational SWAMP (South West Area Mesothelioma and Pemetrexed) trial. In the original trial 73 @entity1 with @entity2615 were offered palliative chemotherapy and their HRQoL was assessed across five time points. This data was used to test the nine available mapping algorithms found in the literature, comparing predicted against observed EQ-5D values. The ability of algorithms to predict the mean, minimise error and detect clinically significant differences was assessed.ResultsThe dataset had a total of 250 observations across 5 timepoints. The linear regression mapping algorithms tested generally performed poorly, over-estimating the predicted compared to observed EQ-5D values, especially when observed EQ-5D was below 0.5. The best performing algorithm used a response mapping method and predicted the mean EQ-5D with accuracy with an average root mean squared error of 0.17 (Standard Deviation; 0.22). This algorithm reliably discriminated between clinically distinct subgroups seen in the primary dataset.ConclusionsThis study tested mapping algorithms in a population with poor health states, where they have been previously shown to perform poorly. Further research into EQ-5D estimation should be directed at response mapping methods given its superior performance in this study.

title: Testing mapping algorithms of the XXXX -specific EORTC QLQ-C30 onto EQ-5D in @entity3620 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['pleural mesothelioma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BackgroundIn order to estimate utilities for @entity5 studies where the EQ-5D was not used, the EORTC QLQ-C30 can be used to estimate EQ-5D using existing mapping algorithms. Several mapping algorithms exist for this transformation, however, algorithms tend to lose accuracy in @entity1 in poor health states. The aim of this study was to test all existing mapping algorithms of QLQ-C30 onto EQ-5D, in a dataset of @entity1 with @entity3620 , an invariably fatal @entity5 where no previous mapping estimation has been published.MethodsHealth related quality of life (HRQoL) data where both the EQ-5D and QLQ-C30 were used simultaneously was obtained from the UK-based prospective observational SWAMP (South West Area Mesothelioma and Pemetrexed) trial. In the original trial 73 @entity1 with @entity2615 were offered palliative chemotherapy and their HRQoL was assessed across five time points. This data was used to test the nine available mapping algorithms found in the literature, comparing predicted against observed EQ-5D values. The ability of algorithms to predict the mean, minimise error and detect clinically significant differences was assessed.ResultsThe dataset had a total of 250 observations across 5 timepoints. The linear regression mapping algorithms tested generally performed poorly, over-estimating the predicted compared to observed EQ-5D values, especially when observed EQ-5D was below 0.5. The best performing algorithm used a response mapping method and predicted the mean EQ-5D with accuracy with an average root mean squared error of 0.17 (Standard Deviation; 0.22). This algorithm reliably discriminated between clinically distinct subgroups seen in the primary dataset.ConclusionsThis study tested mapping algorithms in a population with poor health states, where they have been previously shown to perform poorly. Further research into EQ-5D estimation should be directed at response mapping methods given its superior performance in this study.

title: Testing mapping algorithms of the @entity5 -specific EORTC QLQ-C30 onto EQ-5D in XXXX .

answer: @entity3620 :: (MESH:C562839,Disease) :: ['malignant mesothelioma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aims. We examined the prognostic impact of eight different @entity18893 ( @entity18893 ) in the standard electrocardiogram (ECG) in a community cohort. Methods and results. Data were collected from 6299 Finnish individuals. During a mean 8.2 years (interquartile range 8.1 to 8.3) of follow-up 640 subjects died (10.2%); 277 (4.4%) were @entity65 . For both sexes, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was higher in subjects with @entity18893 than in those without. In Cox regression analysis after adjustment for age and gender, the hazard ratio for cardiovascular mortality for non-specific @entity18893 was 4.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.95-9.26, P < 0.0001) and for @entity714 ( @entity714 ) 2.11 (95% CI 1.31-3.41, P = 0.002). @entity714 ( @entity714 ) was not related to additional mortality, while incomplete @entity714 (IRBBB) presented a hazard ratio of 2.24 (95% CI 1.064-4.77, P = 0.036). Conclusions. In the general population, non-specific @entity18893 , @entity714 , and IRBBB were associated with increased relative risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. @entity714 did not have an impact on cardiovascular mortality either in subjects with or without previous @entity299 .

title: Prognostic implications of XXXX in a general population: The Health 2000 Survey.

entities_list: @entity18893 :: ('MESH:C535853', 'Disease') :: ['IVCD', 'intraventricular conduction delays']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular deaths']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['RBBB', 'left bundle branch block', 'Right bundle branch block', 'LBBB']

answer: @entity18893 :: (MESH:C535853,Disease) :: ['intraventricular conduction delays']


abstract: Multiple genetic and epigenetic events determine neuronal phenotype during nervous system development. After the mature @entity1 neuronal phenotype has been determined it is usually static for the remainder of life, unless an @entity1317 . Injured neurons may suffer one of three potential fates: @entity204 , persistent @entity194 , or recovery. The ability of an injured adult neuron to recover from injury in adulthood may be determined by events that also influence neuronal phenotype during development, including expression of growth-related genes and responsiveness to survival and growth signals in the environment. The latter signals include @entity2057 and substrate molecules that promote neurite growth. Several adult CNS regions exhibit @entity30622 responsiveness, including the basal forebrain, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord. The specificity of @entity30622 responsiveness in these regions parallels patterns observed during development. In addition, neurons of several CNS regions extend @entity527 after injury when presented with growth-promoting substrates. When both @entity2057 and growth-promoting substrates are provided to adult @entity35 that have undergone bilateral fimbria-fornix lesions, then partial morphological and behavioral recovery can be induced. Gene therapy is one useful tool for providing these substances. Thus, the mature CNS remains robustly responsive to signals that shape nervous system development, and is highly plastic when stimulated by appropriate cues.

title: Maintaining the neuronal phenotype after injury in the adult CNS. XXXX , axonal growth substrates, and gene therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['neurites']

entities_list: @entity30622 :: ('9048', 'Gene') :: ['neurotrophic-factor']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['injury or degenerative event occurs']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['neurotrophic factors']

answer: @entity2057 :: (MESH:D009133,Disease) :: ['Neurotrophic factors']


abstract: @entity794 produces one or more enzymes with lipolytic activity, but differences between strains have been reported (Owens and John 1975; O'Toole 1987; Rollof et al. 1987). The biological and biochemical properties of these enzymes have been investigated and results were recently reviewed (K  tting et al. 1984). Baird-Parker medium (Baird-Parker 1962) is a selective medium commonly used for the isolation of Staph. aureus. The presence of egg yolk in this medium permits the detection of two reactions due to lipolytic activity of staphylococci: (1) Lecithinase reaction, a zone of precipitate in the medium surrounding the colonies; and (2) Lipase reaction or 'pearly layer', an iridescent film in and immediately surrounding colonies, visible by reflected light (iridescent sheen or 'oil in water'). In this study, @entity1 and @entity291 strains, previously biotyped according to the scheme of Devriese et al. (1984), were compared for production of a zone of precipitation, lecithinase reaction, on Baird-Parker medium. @entity291 and @entity1 strains of Staph. aureus were compared for production of the egg yolk reaction (lecithinase reaction) on Baird-Parker medium and the results were related to their biotypes and site of origin of the sample. @entity1 strains and strains biotyped as @entity1 biotypes had higher percentage of positive results than @entity291 isolates and/or biotypes. However, all strains isolated from body sites of heifers produced a positive reaction regardless of the biotype.

title: Lecithinase reaction of XXXX strains of different origin on Baird-Parker medium.

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:: To assess risk factors and outcomes associated with pediatric @entity2489 . DESIGN:: Multicentered prospective observational cohort. SETTING:: @entity1 's hospitals in the United States. @entity1 :: Mechanically ventilated @entity1 less than 18 years old. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:: Prospective evaluation of the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of pediatric @entity2489 along with evaluation of diagnostic criterion for pediatric @entity2489 . The prevalence of pediatric @entity2489 was 5.2% (n = 2,082), for a rate of 7.1/1,000 ventilator days. @entity1 with @entity2489 had a longer unadjusted ICU length of stay (p < 0.0001) and increased length of mechanical ventilation by more than 11 days (p < 0.0001). After adjustment for @entity1 factors, ICU length of stay (p = 0.03) and mechanical ventilation days (p = 0.001) remained significant. @entity1 with @entity2489 were almost three times more likely to die (p = 0.007). Independent risk factors for @entity2489 were reintubation and part-time ventilation. CONCLUSIONS:: Pediatric @entity2489 is common in mechanically ventilated pediatric @entity1 . These @entity1 have longer length of stay, longer duration of mechanical ventilation, and increased risk for mortality.

title: A Multicentered Prospective Analysis of Diagnosis, Risk Factors, and Outcomes Associated With XXXX *

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['ventilator-associated pneumonia']

answer: @entity2489 :: (MESH:D053717,Disease) :: ['Pediatric Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia']


abstract: Apoptotic cells were histochemically demonstrated by the @entity10730 -mediated biotinylated @entity1977 nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method in @entity406 -fixed and @entity982 -embedded sections of the @entity1 endometrium and placental villi. In 53 endometrial biopsy specimens, labeled nuclei were identified in 16 samples showing a desquamating change, associated with menstruation, functional @entity548 or @entity420 . Cells in the normal proliferative and secretory phases were unlabeled. The labeled nuclei in the gland and stroma corresponded well to the so-called apoptotic bodies. Placental tissues at various stages of gestation were obtained by spontaneous @entity5852 , @entity5617 or normal delivery. Syncytiotrophoblastic cells in an early gestational stage (7-12 weeks) and in the term placenta were focally labeled, and the labeled cells possessed pyknotic nuclei and densely eosinophilic cytoplasm. In the early gestational chorionic villi with marked @entity528 or in hydatidiform mole, the stromal cells were frequently labeled. Villous cells in coagulation @entity39 ( @entity1188 ) also revealed strong signals. The apoptotic bodies were not recognizable histologically in these labeled villi. The placenta at the 20th to 33rd week of gestation lacked labeling. From a technical point of view, it should be noted that cells in the foci showing @entity63 or coagulation @entity39 were labeled positively.

title: Apoptotic cells in the XXXX endometrium and placental villi: pitfalls in applying the TUNEL method.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity5617 :: ('MESH:D005313', 'Disease') :: ['intrauterine fetal death']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['hydropic degeneration']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: To correlate angiographic and hemodynamic events in @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ), 14 @entity1 with @entity1121 were investigated using pressure recordings and caudocranial left anterior oblique contrast angiography. @entity1 were separated into 2 groups on the basis of the presence (group I) or absence (group II) of systolic anterior motion of the anterior mitral leaflet on caudocranial angiography. In group I (10 @entity1 ), the pressure gradient could be recorded with the left ventricular (LV) catheter in the nonobliterated inflow region of the left ventricle. Simultaneous micromanometer tracings and caudocranial angiography revealed that contact between the anterior mitral leaflet and the ventricular septum was an early systolic event (occurring 136 +/- 33 ms after the R wave of the electrocardiogram) and was coincident with the onset of the pressure gradient. @entity54543 was present in only 7 of 10 @entity1 in group I, and occurred late in systole well after the peak gradient (292 +/- 28 ms after the R wave). In group II (4 @entity1 ), the pressure gradients could be recorded only from the obliterated portion of the ventricle distal to the level of the papillary muscles. Total LV cavitary obliteration was present in all group II @entity1 . In 1 @entity1 , simultaneous micromanometer pressure recording and caudocranial angiography revealed that cavitary obliteration preceded the peak gradient by 40 ms. Thus, in group I @entity1 the onset of the pressure gradient is coincident with mitral leaflet-septal contact, while cavitary obliteration is an inconsistent late systolic event.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Angiographic and hemodynamic correlations in XXXX with intracavitary systolic pressure gradients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity54543 :: ('MESH:C566924', 'Disease') :: ['Cavitary obliteration']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy', 'HC']

answer: @entity1121 :: (MESH:D002312,Disease) :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']


abstract: A prospective trial was performed to better assess the risk of @entity390 and @entity391 and the rescue value of tropisetron (TRO), a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in 88 @entity1 undergoing fractionated radiotherapy to the abdomen or to large supradiaphragmatic fields and failing a first anti-emetic trial with @entity1769 (MET). @entity390 was graded 0 (absent), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate) and 3 (severe). @entity390 requiring anti-emetics (> or = grade 2) was present in 64% of the @entity1 . MET was able to control @entity390 (< or = grade 1) in 26 of 58 @entity1 (45%) who developed > or = grade 2 @entity390 during radiation treatment (2 @entity1 @entity391 without @entity390 included). 34 @entity1 required TRO, and 31 experienced immediate relief. However, @entity390 (> or = grade 2) recurred in 7 @entity1 from 1 to 3 weeks after starting TRO. Sex, age, field type and field size (cm2) did not influence the incidence and severity of @entity390 and @entity391 . Only 24/88 @entity1 vomited after starting radiotherapy. MET helped to eliminate emesis in one third of these @entity1 . TRO helped to control @entity391 in 73% of the salvaged @entity1 . Constipation was observed in 8 @entity1 on TRO and was a reason to stop the medication in 4 cases.

title: @entity390 and @entity391 in fractionated radiotherapy: a prospective on-demand trial of tropisetron rescue for non-responders to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['metoclopramide']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity390 :: ('MESH:D009325', 'Disease') :: ['Nausea', 'nausea']

answer: @entity1769 :: (MESH:D008787,Chemical) :: ['metoclopramide']


abstract: A prospective trial was performed to better assess the risk of @entity390 and @entity391 and the rescue value of tropisetron (TRO), a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in 88 @entity1 undergoing fractionated radiotherapy to the abdomen or to large supradiaphragmatic fields and failing a first anti-emetic trial with @entity1769 (MET). @entity390 was graded 0 (absent), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate) and 3 (severe). @entity390 requiring anti-emetics (> or = grade 2) was present in 64% of the @entity1 . MET was able to control @entity390 (< or = grade 1) in 26 of 58 @entity1 (45%) who developed > or = grade 2 @entity390 during radiation treatment (2 @entity1 @entity391 without @entity390 included). 34 @entity1 required TRO, and 31 experienced immediate relief. However, @entity390 (> or = grade 2) recurred in 7 @entity1 from 1 to 3 weeks after starting TRO. Sex, age, field type and field size (cm2) did not influence the incidence and severity of @entity390 and @entity391 . Only 24/88 @entity1 vomited after starting radiotherapy. MET helped to eliminate emesis in one third of these @entity1 . TRO helped to control @entity391 in 73% of the salvaged @entity1 . Constipation was observed in 8 @entity1 on TRO and was a reason to stop the medication in 4 cases.

title: @entity390 and XXXX in fractionated radiotherapy: a prospective on-demand trial of tropisetron rescue for non-responders to @entity1769 .

answer: @entity391 :: (MESH:D014839,Disease) :: ['vomiting']


abstract: A prospective trial was performed to better assess the risk of @entity390 and @entity391 and the rescue value of tropisetron (TRO), a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in 88 @entity1 undergoing fractionated radiotherapy to the abdomen or to large supradiaphragmatic fields and failing a first anti-emetic trial with @entity1769 (MET). @entity390 was graded 0 (absent), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate) and 3 (severe). @entity390 requiring anti-emetics (> or = grade 2) was present in 64% of the @entity1 . MET was able to control @entity390 (< or = grade 1) in 26 of 58 @entity1 (45%) who developed > or = grade 2 @entity390 during radiation treatment (2 @entity1 @entity391 without @entity390 included). 34 @entity1 required TRO, and 31 experienced immediate relief. However, @entity390 (> or = grade 2) recurred in 7 @entity1 from 1 to 3 weeks after starting TRO. Sex, age, field type and field size (cm2) did not influence the incidence and severity of @entity390 and @entity391 . Only 24/88 @entity1 vomited after starting radiotherapy. MET helped to eliminate emesis in one third of these @entity1 . TRO helped to control @entity391 in 73% of the salvaged @entity1 . Constipation was observed in 8 @entity1 on TRO and was a reason to stop the medication in 4 cases.

title: XXXX and @entity391 in fractionated radiotherapy: a prospective on-demand trial of tropisetron rescue for non-responders to @entity1769 .

answer: @entity390 :: (MESH:D009325,Disease) :: ['Nausea']


abstract: The morphology of @entity1 embryonic and fetal skin growth in organ culture at the air-medium interface was examined, and the labeling indices of the epidermal cells in such cultures were determined. The two-layered epidermis of embryonic specimens increased to five or six cell layers after 21 days in culture, and the periderm in such cultures changed from a flat cell type to one with many @entity4530 . The organelles in the epidermal cells remained unchanged. Fetal epidermis, however, differentiated when grown in this organ culture system from three layers (basal, intermediate, and periderm) to an adult-type epidermis with basal, spinous, granular, and cornified cell layers. Keratohyalin granules, lamellar granules, and bundles of keratin filaments, organelles associated with epidermal cell differentiation, were observed in the suprabasal cells of such cultures. The periderm in these fetal cultures formed @entity4530 early but was sloughed with the stratum corneum in older cultures. The rate of differentiation of the fetal epidermis in organ culture was related to the initial age of the specimen cultured, with the older specimens differentiating at a faster rate than the younger specimens. Labeling indices (LIs) of embryonic and fetal epidermis and periderm were determined. The @entity3162 for embryonic basal cells was 8.5% and for periderm was 8%. The fetal LIs were 7% for basal cells, 1% for intermediate cells, and 3% for periderm. The ability to maintain viable pieces of skin in organ culture affords a model for studying normal and abnormal @entity1 epidermal differentiation from fetal biopsies and for investigating @entity66 .

title: Proliferation of XXXX embryonic and fetal epidermal cells in organ culture.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity788 continues increasing in frequency, its diagnosis is usually realized very late and the results of the surgery, that is the only possibility of cure, gives often a feeling of frustration. During the period between 1973 and 1992, 1032 @entity1 were diagnosed of @entity3123 at the different hospital institutions of our region. The incidence has increased from 1.28 to 6.42 cases/100,000. The proportion male/female was 1.5/1. Mean age of the @entity1 was 67.5 +/- 11.35 and the median age was 65 years. In relation with the sex, the @entity1 age was higher: 70.2 +/- 11.81 (p < 0.01). The best diagnostic test was the CAT scan with 87.5 sensitivity. The overall resectability rate was low (11%), but there is a large difference between the beginning and the end of the period (6.8% and 14.1% respectively). Staging of the disease was stage IV in 36.4% of the cases. The 66.5% of the @entity1 underwent palliative surgery. Cholecystojejunostomy was the most frequent operation. It wasn't possible any surgical management at the 3.5% of the cases cause of the disease was very extended; laparotomy was the only method used in 18.7%. The average survival rate with exeresis surgery was 18 months; with palliative surgery, it was only of eight months. The natural history of @entity3123 was situated at 5.57 +/- 2.63.

title: [Epidemiology of exocrine XXXX in the Principality of Asturias, 1973-1992].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: The light-microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of two examples of a @entity5 of the @entity1494 are reported. Both @entity1 were @entity1 , 56 and 52 years old. Gross @entity811 was the chief complaint and occurred for two days and two weeks, respectively, before presentation. Cystoscopy revealed a 2 X 1 X 1 cm mass located at the dome in case 1 and a 4 X 3 X 3 cm mass at the left posterior lateral wall in case 2. Microscopically, the lesions were composed of spindle, plump, or stellated fibroblast-like cells embedded in @entity4494 with little collagen; mitotic figures were about 2 per 10 high-power fields, and both cases showed encroachment of the superficial muscle bundles. Because of bizarre spindle cell proliferation, occasional mitoses, and invasion to the underlying muscle, these lesions were initially diagnosed as @entity2875 . However, follow-up examination disclosed the benign nature of these lesions. There was no previous instrumentation or surgery on the genitourinary tract. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies revealed the fibroblastic-myofibroblastic nature of these lesions. These cases illustrate that clinicopathologic correlation is essential to define certain @entity75 .

title: @entity5 of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['urinary bladder']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pseudosarcomatous fibromyxoid tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['pseudosarcomatous lesions']

entities_list: @entity4494 :: ('MESH:D045888', 'Disease') :: ['myxoid stroma']

entities_list: @entity2875 :: ('MESH:D018233', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['urinary bladder']


abstract: The light-microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of two examples of a @entity5 of the @entity1494 are reported. Both @entity1 were @entity1 , 56 and 52 years old. Gross @entity811 was the chief complaint and occurred for two days and two weeks, respectively, before presentation. Cystoscopy revealed a 2 X 1 X 1 cm mass located at the dome in case 1 and a 4 X 3 X 3 cm mass at the left posterior lateral wall in case 2. Microscopically, the lesions were composed of spindle, plump, or stellated fibroblast-like cells embedded in @entity4494 with little collagen; mitotic figures were about 2 per 10 high-power fields, and both cases showed encroachment of the superficial muscle bundles. Because of bizarre spindle cell proliferation, occasional mitoses, and invasion to the underlying muscle, these lesions were initially diagnosed as @entity2875 . However, follow-up examination disclosed the benign nature of these lesions. There was no previous instrumentation or surgery on the genitourinary tract. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies revealed the fibroblastic-myofibroblastic nature of these lesions. These cases illustrate that clinicopathologic correlation is essential to define certain @entity75 .

title: XXXX of the @entity1494 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Pseudosarcomatous fibromyxoid tumor']


abstract: The @entity263 Intervention Versus Observation Trial (PIVOT) compares radical prostatectomy with palliative expectant management of @entity1 with clinically localized prostate disease. As with all clinical trials, several of the assumptions underlying PIVOT are characterized by uncertainty. Economic analysis has the potential to clarify some of these important issues, thereby guiding study design and interpretation and enhancing the clinical usefulness of the findings. One important uncertainty about the trial relates to the true clinical state of potentially eligible @entity1 . While clinical examination is an insensitive method by which to @entity5 , several diagnostic tests, such as bone scanning and magnetic resonance imaging with rectal coil, are more accurate but more expensive. Another issue is whether to start the trial with the screening of @entity1 or at the time of @entity263 diagnosis. Economic analysis can assess these trade-offs between study cost and validity. A second potential role for health economics is in dealing with the considerable uncertainty surrounding the study's findings and conclusions and their interpretation. While the stated primary outcome of the trial is survival, a multidimensional outcome (particularly one that incorporates factors of survival, quality of life, and cost) is likely to be more clinically relevant in the @entity263 population, given the only modest improvements in survival hypothesized for radical prostatectomy. To develop such a measure, quantitative assessment of @entity1 preferences is required, in addition to the measures currently included in the study. Assessment of costs of care are important, given the large and growing size of the study's target population.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX Intervention Versus Observation Trial: economic analysis in study design and conditions of uncertainty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'Prostate Cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1234 -modified low-density lipoprotein ( @entity1865 -LDL) level is a marker of oxidative stress and is linked to progression of @entity4288 ; however, the clinical factors affecting the oxidised LDL level have not been elucidated. We investigate various factors to identify correlation with @entity1865 -LDL level in high-risk @entity1 requiring catheter intervention. SETTING: Secondary care (cardiology), single-centre study. @entity1 : 600 @entity1 who were admitted to our hospital and underwent cardiac catheterisation. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood samples were obtained to measure lipid profiles and @entity1865 -LDL level. RESULTS: With regard to smoking status, @entity1865 -LDL level was significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers. Of note, there was no improvement of @entity1865 -LDL level even in @entity1 who had quit smoking. Multiple regression analysis showed that @entity1865 -LDL level was positively correlated with LDL- @entity165 (LDL-C) level, Brinkman index and male gender. The correlation between smoking status and either @entity1865 -LDL or LDL-C level was investigated in two groups: namely, @entity1 with and @entity1 without @entity1780 treatment. In the non- @entity1780 group, @entity1865 -LDL level and @entity1865 -LDL/LDL-C ratio were significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers, while no significant correlation was observed between smoking status and LDL-C level. In contrast, in the @entity1780 group, there were no significant correlations between smoking status and any of the @entity165 parameters. CONCLUSIONS: We found that @entity1865 -LDL level was affected by multiple factors, such as smoking status, LDL-C level and male gender. The present findings give additional evidence that smoking should be prohibited from a @entity1865 -LDL standpoint. Furthermore, @entity1780 therapy might have a beneficial effect on the reduction of @entity1865 -LDL level.

title: Increase in the oxidised low-density lipoprotein level by smoking and the possible inhibitory effect of XXXX therapy in @entity1 with cardiovascular disease: a retrospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['Malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1780 :: (CHEBI:35664,Chemical) :: ['statin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1234 -modified low-density lipoprotein ( @entity1865 -LDL) level is a marker of oxidative stress and is linked to progression of @entity4288 ; however, the clinical factors affecting the oxidised LDL level have not been elucidated. We investigate various factors to identify correlation with @entity1865 -LDL level in high-risk @entity1 requiring catheter intervention. SETTING: Secondary care (cardiology), single-centre study. @entity1 : 600 @entity1 who were admitted to our hospital and underwent cardiac catheterisation. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood samples were obtained to measure lipid profiles and @entity1865 -LDL level. RESULTS: With regard to smoking status, @entity1865 -LDL level was significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers. Of note, there was no improvement of @entity1865 -LDL level even in @entity1 who had quit smoking. Multiple regression analysis showed that @entity1865 -LDL level was positively correlated with LDL- @entity165 (LDL-C) level, Brinkman index and male gender. The correlation between smoking status and either @entity1865 -LDL or LDL-C level was investigated in two groups: namely, @entity1 with and @entity1 without @entity1780 treatment. In the non- @entity1780 group, @entity1865 -LDL level and @entity1865 -LDL/LDL-C ratio were significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers, while no significant correlation was observed between smoking status and LDL-C level. In contrast, in the @entity1780 group, there were no significant correlations between smoking status and any of the @entity165 parameters. CONCLUSIONS: We found that @entity1865 -LDL level was affected by multiple factors, such as smoking status, LDL-C level and male gender. The present findings give additional evidence that smoking should be prohibited from a @entity1865 -LDL standpoint. Furthermore, @entity1780 therapy might have a beneficial effect on the reduction of @entity1865 -LDL level.

title: Increase in the oxidised low-density lipoprotein level by smoking and the possible inhibitory effect of @entity1780 therapy in XXXX with cardiovascular disease: a retrospective study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Several transcription regulatory elements that interact with cellular DNA-binding proteins have been identified in the @entity2858 long terminal repeat (LTR). We have identified two sequence motifs in the U3 region of the LTR that are similar to the consensus 9-bp DNA-binding element of the @entity6863 ( @entity6863 ) family of transcription factors. One of the sequences (promoter-proximal) mapped immediately upstream of the @entity2451 element, whereas the other (promoter-distal) completely overlapped the @entity25576 ( @entity25576 ) binding site. In this study, we investigated the role of the enhancer-proximal consensus @entity6863 binding sequence in the expression of the @entity2858 LTR. In cotransfection assays we found that although this sequence is a functional @entity6863 -responsive element, the regulation of the @entity645 promoter by @entity6863 is very complex. @entity6863 isoforms inhibited the @entity1359 ( @entity4515 )-stimulated @entity2858 promoter activity in @entity1 @entity463 @entity1 and @entity521 SHSY5Y cells, but not in HeLa epithelial cells, and this inhibition required the @entity2451 element. @entity6863 also downregulated the @entity645 @entity2451 element-containing SV40 early promoter activity, regardless of the presence of the flanking @entity6863 -binding sequences, in the two brain-derived cells. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays with nuclear extracts from HeLa and @entity1 cells, purified @entity6863 markedly increased the complex formation between endogenous proteins and the @entity2451 DNA probe without detectable association with the complex. However, with extracts from @entity1 cells but not from HeLa cells, a slow migrating complex was observed. Our data suggest that the @entity6863 family of transcription factors can downregulate the @entity2858 promoter activity in CNS-derived cells through the @entity2451 binding elements.

title: XXXX site-mediated negative regulation of the @entity2858 promoter by CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins in brain-derived cells.

entities_list: @entity25576 :: ('7391', 'Gene') :: ['USF', 'upstream stimulatory factor']

entities_list: @entity1359 :: ('CHEBI:37537', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity6863 :: ('1050', 'Gene') :: ['CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein', 'C/EBP']

answer: @entity2451 :: (4790,Gene) :: ['NF-kappa B']


abstract: Several transcription regulatory elements that interact with cellular DNA-binding proteins have been identified in the @entity2858 long terminal repeat (LTR). We have identified two sequence motifs in the U3 region of the LTR that are similar to the consensus 9-bp DNA-binding element of the @entity6863 ( @entity6863 ) family of transcription factors. One of the sequences (promoter-proximal) mapped immediately upstream of the @entity2451 element, whereas the other (promoter-distal) completely overlapped the @entity25576 ( @entity25576 ) binding site. In this study, we investigated the role of the enhancer-proximal consensus @entity6863 binding sequence in the expression of the @entity2858 LTR. In cotransfection assays we found that although this sequence is a functional @entity6863 -responsive element, the regulation of the @entity645 promoter by @entity6863 is very complex. @entity6863 isoforms inhibited the @entity1359 ( @entity4515 )-stimulated @entity2858 promoter activity in @entity1 @entity463 @entity1 and @entity521 SHSY5Y cells, but not in HeLa epithelial cells, and this inhibition required the @entity2451 element. @entity6863 also downregulated the @entity645 @entity2451 element-containing SV40 early promoter activity, regardless of the presence of the flanking @entity6863 -binding sequences, in the two brain-derived cells. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays with nuclear extracts from HeLa and @entity1 cells, purified @entity6863 markedly increased the complex formation between endogenous proteins and the @entity2451 DNA probe without detectable association with the complex. However, with extracts from @entity1 cells but not from HeLa cells, a slow migrating complex was observed. Our data suggest that the @entity6863 family of transcription factors can downregulate the @entity2858 promoter activity in CNS-derived cells through the @entity2451 binding elements.

title: @entity2451 site-mediated negative regulation of the XXXX promoter by CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins in brain-derived cells.

answer: @entity2858 :: (11676,Species) :: ['HIV-1']


abstract: We have demonstrated that @entity71951 (UTI) purified from @entity1 urine is able to inhibit lung @entity3 of @entity19 @entity2 (3LL) cells in experimental and spontaneous @entity3 models. In this study, we have investigated whether UTI in combination with an anti- @entity5 drug, @entity2879 , can prevent @entity5 @entity3 and show an enhanced therapeutic effect. Subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation of 3LL cells (1 x 10(6) cells) in the abdominal wall of C57BL/6 female @entity19 resulted in macroscopic lung @entity3 within 21 days. Microscopic lung @entity3 was established by day 14 after @entity5 cell inoculation, and surgical treatment alone after this time resulted in no inhibition of lung @entity3 . The number of @entity5 colonies in the group of @entity19 which received surgery at day 21 was greater than in @entity19 which had @entity5 left in situ (P = 0.0017). Surgical treatment on day 7, followed by UTI administration (s.c.) for 7 days, led to a @entity358 compared with untreated animals. A significant inhibition of the formation of pulmonary @entity3 was obtained with daily s.c. injections of UTI for 7 days immediately after @entity5 cell inoculation. UTI administration did not affect the primary @entity5 size at the time of operation. In addition, @entity2879 treatment alone led to a smaller primary @entity5 and yielded reduction of the formation of lung @entity3 in the group of @entity19 which received surgery at day 14 (P = 0.0026). Even in @entity19 which received surgical treatment on day 14, followed by the combination of UTI (500 micrograms per @entity19 , days 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20) with @entity2879 (40 mg kg-1, days 14, 18 and 22), there was significant reduction of the formation of lung @entity3 (P = 0.0001). Thus, the combination of an anti-metastatic agent with an anti- @entity5 drug, @entity2879 , might provide a therapeutically promising basis for anti-metastatic therapy.

title: Anti-metastatic therapy by XXXX in combination with an anti- @entity5 agent.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumour', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lewis lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity71951 :: ('11699(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['urinary trypsin inhibitor']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in lung metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity71951 :: (11699(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['urinary trypsin inhibitor']


abstract: We have demonstrated that @entity71951 (UTI) purified from @entity1 urine is able to inhibit lung @entity3 of @entity19 @entity2 (3LL) cells in experimental and spontaneous @entity3 models. In this study, we have investigated whether UTI in combination with an anti- @entity5 drug, @entity2879 , can prevent @entity5 @entity3 and show an enhanced therapeutic effect. Subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation of 3LL cells (1 x 10(6) cells) in the abdominal wall of C57BL/6 female @entity19 resulted in macroscopic lung @entity3 within 21 days. Microscopic lung @entity3 was established by day 14 after @entity5 cell inoculation, and surgical treatment alone after this time resulted in no inhibition of lung @entity3 . The number of @entity5 colonies in the group of @entity19 which received surgery at day 21 was greater than in @entity19 which had @entity5 left in situ (P = 0.0017). Surgical treatment on day 7, followed by UTI administration (s.c.) for 7 days, led to a @entity358 compared with untreated animals. A significant inhibition of the formation of pulmonary @entity3 was obtained with daily s.c. injections of UTI for 7 days immediately after @entity5 cell inoculation. UTI administration did not affect the primary @entity5 size at the time of operation. In addition, @entity2879 treatment alone led to a smaller primary @entity5 and yielded reduction of the formation of lung @entity3 in the group of @entity19 which received surgery at day 14 (P = 0.0026). Even in @entity19 which received surgical treatment on day 14, followed by the combination of UTI (500 micrograms per @entity19 , days 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20) with @entity2879 (40 mg kg-1, days 14, 18 and 22), there was significant reduction of the formation of lung @entity3 (P = 0.0001). Thus, the combination of an anti-metastatic agent with an anti- @entity5 drug, @entity2879 , might provide a therapeutically promising basis for anti-metastatic therapy.

title: Anti-metastatic therapy by @entity71951 in combination with an anti- XXXX agent.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hetero-resistance vancomycin intermediate @entity794 ( @entity20637 ) is phenotype, which on in-vitro susceptibility test is vancomycin susceptible (VSSA) but has a minority population of vancomycin intermediate ( @entity20637 ). @entity20637 is responsible for vancomycin treatment failure. Population Analysis Profile- Area under Curve (PAP-AUC) is a test for detection of @entity20637 ; however, this test is unsuitable for clinical microbiology laboratory. Tests, such as Brain Heart Infusion Agar with 6   g/ml vancomycin (BHIA6V), E test and Macromethod E Test (MET) are available; however reported to have variable results. METHODS: 58 clinical isolates of Methicillin resistant @entity794 ( @entity794 ) having MIC of vancomycin more than 1   g/ml by E test and agar dilution were analyzed by PAP-AUC, BHIA6V and MET. RESULT: The prevalence of @entity20637 was 6.9%. @entity20637 isolates were having vancomycin E test MIC >2   g/ml. Sensitivity of BHIA6V, MET and E test with MIC >2   g/ml were 0.75, 0.67 and 1.0 respectively; however, positive predictive values ( @entity2286 ) were 0.43, 0.4 and 0.27 respectively with PAP-AUC. PAP-AUC ratio correlated with MIC by E test and MET. CONCLUSIONS: There is need for screening @entity794 isolates showing in-vitro vancomycin susceptibility  <=2   g/ml by agar dilution method for detection of @entity20637 . PAP-AUC test is unsuitable for routine laboratory testing. BHIA6V, MET and E test can be used for screening, however have low @entity2286 .

title: Heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate among methicillin resistant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'MRSA', 'S aureus']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether the addition of 0.4% ropivacaine to the standard 2% lidocaine peribulbar @entity616 improves @entity158 scores during suture adjustment in @entity1 undergoing strabismus surgery with adjustable sutures. METHODS: Prospective, double-blind study of 30 adult @entity1 aged 21-84 years scheduled for elective strabismus surgery with adjustable sutures. @entity1 were divided into two groups of 15 @entity1 each based on the local anesthetic. Group A received 2% lidocaine and Group B received 2% lidocaine/0.4% ropivacaine. @entity158 was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) preoperatively and at 2, 4, and 6 hours postoperatively. The Lancaster red-green test was used to measure ocular motility at the same time points. RESULTS: The @entity158 scores in the two groups were low and similar at all measurement intervals. The VAS for Group A versus Group B at 2 hours (1.7 versus 2.4, P=0.5) and 4 hours (3.5 versus 3.7, P=0.8) showed no benefit from the addition of ropivacaine. At 6 hours, the VAS (3.7 versus 2.7) was not statistically significant, but the 95% confidence interval indicated that ropivacaine may provide some benefit. A repeated measures ANOVA did not find a statistically significant difference in VAS scores over time (P=0.9). In addition, the duration of @entity910 was comparable in both groups (P=0.7). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the 50:50 mixture of 2% lidocaine with 0.4% ropivacaine as compared to 2% lidocaine in peribulbar anesthetic blocks in adjustable-suture strabismus surgery does not produce significant improvements in @entity158 control during the postoperative and adjustment phases. In addition, ropivacaine did not impair return of full ocular motility at 6 hours, which is advantageous in adjustable-suture strabismus surgery.

title: The quest for effective XXXX control during suture adjustment after strabismus surgery: a study evaluating supplementation of 2% lidocaine with 0.4% ropivacaine.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['akinesia']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['anesthetic block']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity14 ( @entity14 ) are the second- and third-most commonly diagnosed @entity5 in the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system. While many studies have evaluated the treatment quality and outcomes of various aspects of VA @entity2 and @entity14 care, there are no known reviews synthesizing this information across studies. The purpose of this literature review was to describe @entity2 and @entity14 treatment (ie, surgical and nonsurgical) and outcomes (eg, mortality, psychosocial, and other) in the VA health care system as reported in the existing peer-reviewed scientific literature. We identified potential articles through a search of published literature using the PubMed electronic database. Our search strategy identified articles containing Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords addressing veterans or veterans' health and @entity2 and/or @entity14 . We limited articles to those published in the previous 11 years (January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2013). A total of 230 articles were retrieved through the search. After applying the selection criteria, we included 74 studies (34 @entity2 , 47 @entity14 , and seven both @entity2 and @entity14 ). VA provides a full array of treatments, often with better outcomes than other health care systems. More work is needed to assess @entity1 -reported outcomes.

title: Lung and XXXX treatment and outcomes in the Veterans Affairs health care system.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'LC']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: After the apparition of a @entity2459 , 45 @entity1 (22 @entity1 and 23 @entity1 , with a mean age of 44 +/- 14.9 years) were treated with normovolaemic haemodilution performed with dextran 60. They were placed into 4 groups depending on their @entity393 : total loss: 10 cases; severe loss: 90 to 70 db. 13 cases; moderates loss: 65 to 40 db, 14 cases, slight loss: less than or equal to 35 db, 8 cases. The mean time between the onset of the @entity393 and treatment was 9.3 +/- 12.4 days. The initial mean haematocrit was 44.8 +/- 3.8% and mean haematocrit after haemodilution was 33.1 +/- 2.8%. For 51% of the @entity1 , an almost total recovery was obtained. In 15.5% of cases, recovery was between 25 to 50% of the @entity393 , and in 33.3% of the @entity1 recovery was negligible. We did not find any relationship between hearing recovery and initial haematocrit. The best results were obtained in the group of @entity1 treated early. Hearing gain was significatively better if delay in starting treatment was less than 7 days. There was a relationship between the initial @entity393 and the final recuperation. These results suggested that haemodilution increased labyrinth microcirculation and oxygenation of the cochlear sensory cells, reversing the ischaemic insult to these cells.

title: [Normovolemic hemodilution in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity2459 :: ('MESH:D003639', 'Disease') :: ['sudden deafness']

answer: @entity2459 :: (MESH:D003639,Disease) :: ['sudden deafness']


abstract: The effects were studied of normovolaemic haemodilution on postoperative traumatic @entity4 after surgical repair of @entity2122 ( @entity2122 ) and on pedicle graft viability after excision of @entity957 of the floor of the mouth (CFM). Fourty @entity1 were studied: twenty operated on for @entity2122 and twenty for CFM. These @entity1 were randomly assigned to the treated or the control groups. The treated ones were operated on under moderate normovolaemic haemodilution induced with a colloid solution (Plasmion). The subsequent haematocrits were 0.29 +/- 0.01 for the @entity2122 group and 0.30 +/- 0.02 for the CFM group. The biometric parameters and the length of the surgical procedures were comparable for the two series. Operative @entity190 was less in the treated series (p less than 0.001 for the @entity2122 group and p less than 0.01 for the CFM group), thus needing less blood transfusion (p less than 0.001). The postoperative @entity4 in the treated @entity2122 series was less (p less than 0.001), although the oncotic pressure and the plasma osmolality were decreased in this series (p less than 0.05). On the other hand, viscosity in the hemodiluted series was significantly decreased in comparison with the control series (p less than 0.001). Graft viability was significantly improved in the treated series (p less than 0.05). Thus, normovolaemic haemodilution was a very useful adjunct in plastic and reconstructive surgery of the face and the mouth. This technique had three advantages: reduction of postoperative traumatic @entity4 after CFM repair, graft viability improvement after mouth @entity189 excision and blood saving in both procedures.

title: [Value of hemodilution in maxillofacial surgery for postoperative traumatic XXXX and graft viability].

entities_list: @entity2122 :: ('MESH:D019465', 'Disease') :: ['CFD', 'craniofacial disjunction']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['edema']


abstract: In the present study we tested whether T cells retargeted with a bispecific antibody (bsAb) could block the growth of lung metastases of syngeneic @entity420 in immunocompetent @entity19 . BALB/c @entity19 were injected i.v. with @entity5 and i.p. with a genetically engineered bispecific F(ab')2 [bs(Fab')2] having specificity for @entity19 @entity5168 epsilon chain and for the gp52 @entity19 @entity5 viral glycoprotein, which is expressed on the @entity5 cells. The bs(Fab')2 was physically stable in blood and serum, was removed from the body with a half-time of 12-15 h, and accumulated in lymphoid tissue where it bound to T cells. We show that treatment of @entity5 bearing @entity19 with the bs(Fab')2 significantly prolonged their survival relative to untreated controls. Two other genetically engineered bs(Fab')2s having specificity for @entity19 @entity5168 epsilon chain and irrelevant antigens did not inhibit @entity5 growth. In addition, survival was not affected by bsAb therapy using a variant @entity5 cell line that expressed low levels of the gp52 target antigen. Inhibition of @entity5 growth was even more evident by histologic analysis. Treatment with the relevant bs(Fab')2 resulted in a marked @entity5 burden in lung sections taken on days 7, 9 and 11. This is the first report demonstrating that a bsAb can inhibit the growth of syngeneic solid @entity5 metastases in @entity19 without addition of T cell activators.

title: A bispecific antibody prolongs survival in @entity19 bearing lung metastases of syngeneic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['mammary adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'reduction of tumor', 'mammary tumor']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['mammary adenocarcinoma']


abstract: In the present study we tested whether T cells retargeted with a bispecific antibody (bsAb) could block the growth of lung metastases of syngeneic @entity420 in immunocompetent @entity19 . BALB/c @entity19 were injected i.v. with @entity5 and i.p. with a genetically engineered bispecific F(ab')2 [bs(Fab')2] having specificity for @entity19 @entity5168 epsilon chain and for the gp52 @entity19 @entity5 viral glycoprotein, which is expressed on the @entity5 cells. The bs(Fab')2 was physically stable in blood and serum, was removed from the body with a half-time of 12-15 h, and accumulated in lymphoid tissue where it bound to T cells. We show that treatment of @entity5 bearing @entity19 with the bs(Fab')2 significantly prolonged their survival relative to untreated controls. Two other genetically engineered bs(Fab')2s having specificity for @entity19 @entity5168 epsilon chain and irrelevant antigens did not inhibit @entity5 growth. In addition, survival was not affected by bsAb therapy using a variant @entity5 cell line that expressed low levels of the gp52 target antigen. Inhibition of @entity5 growth was even more evident by histologic analysis. Treatment with the relevant bs(Fab')2 resulted in a marked @entity5 burden in lung sections taken on days 7, 9 and 11. This is the first report demonstrating that a bsAb can inhibit the growth of syngeneic solid @entity5 metastases in @entity19 without addition of T cell activators.

title: A bispecific antibody prolongs survival in XXXX bearing lung metastases of syngeneic @entity420 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity1129 aortic dissection still presents an emergency situation in cardiac surgery that is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. There has been a significant improvement in the surgical outcome since the introduction of deep @entity2332 and @entity1167 . In this study, we discuss our results after operative repair of ascending @entity1580 , using deep @entity2332 and @entity1167 . This study presents the results of 67 @entity1 (43 @entity1 , 24 @entity1 ) from 18 through 81 years of age (mean, 54 years) who underwent surgery for type A dissecting @entity439 over a period of 4 years. @entity1129 dissection (52 acute and 15 chronic cases) was due to @entity1614 in 12 @entity1 , to @entity731 of the aorta in 27 @entity1 , and to @entity130 in 1 @entity1 . @entity101 as the only pathologic finding was observed in 27 @entity1 . @entity2332 (confirmed by isoelectric electroencephalogram) and @entity1167 were induced in all @entity1 . Two @entity1 died intraoperatively due to @entity548 (intraoperative mortality, 3%). The 30-day mortality rate was 30% (n = 20). Causes of perioperative @entity204 in order of frequency were @entity881 (n = 11), @entity583 (n = 2), @entity86 (n = 2), cerebrovascular insult (n = 2), and @entity295 (n = 1). The mean intensive care unit stay of the surviving 47 @entity1 (72%) was 8 days, followed by a mean of 21 additional days in the hospital. Our experience with profound @entity2332 and @entity1167 , used in combination with coated grafts, supports our conviction that this is the method of choice for the treatment of type A dissecting @entity439 .

title: Surgical treatment of type A XXXX . Results with profound @entity2332 and @entity1167 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['massive bleeding']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injury']

entities_list: @entity1614 :: ('MESH:D008382', 'Disease') :: ['Marfan syndrome']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multi-organ failure']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory arrest']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissections']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia', 'Deep hypothermia']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['aortic dissections']


abstract: @entity1129 aortic dissection still presents an emergency situation in cardiac surgery that is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. There has been a significant improvement in the surgical outcome since the introduction of deep @entity2332 and @entity1167 . In this study, we discuss our results after operative repair of ascending @entity1580 , using deep @entity2332 and @entity1167 . This study presents the results of 67 @entity1 (43 @entity1 , 24 @entity1 ) from 18 through 81 years of age (mean, 54 years) who underwent surgery for type A dissecting @entity439 over a period of 4 years. @entity1129 dissection (52 acute and 15 chronic cases) was due to @entity1614 in 12 @entity1 , to @entity731 of the aorta in 27 @entity1 , and to @entity130 in 1 @entity1 . @entity101 as the only pathologic finding was observed in 27 @entity1 . @entity2332 (confirmed by isoelectric electroencephalogram) and @entity1167 were induced in all @entity1 . Two @entity1 died intraoperatively due to @entity548 (intraoperative mortality, 3%). The 30-day mortality rate was 30% (n = 20). Causes of perioperative @entity204 in order of frequency were @entity881 (n = 11), @entity583 (n = 2), @entity86 (n = 2), cerebrovascular insult (n = 2), and @entity295 (n = 1). The mean intensive care unit stay of the surviving 47 @entity1 (72%) was 8 days, followed by a mean of 21 additional days in the hospital. Our experience with profound @entity2332 and @entity1167 , used in combination with coated grafts, supports our conviction that this is the method of choice for the treatment of type A dissecting @entity439 .

title: Surgical treatment of type A @entity1580 . Results with profound XXXX and @entity1167 .

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: @entity1129 aortic dissection still presents an emergency situation in cardiac surgery that is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. There has been a significant improvement in the surgical outcome since the introduction of deep @entity2332 and @entity1167 . In this study, we discuss our results after operative repair of ascending @entity1580 , using deep @entity2332 and @entity1167 . This study presents the results of 67 @entity1 (43 @entity1 , 24 @entity1 ) from 18 through 81 years of age (mean, 54 years) who underwent surgery for type A dissecting @entity439 over a period of 4 years. @entity1129 dissection (52 acute and 15 chronic cases) was due to @entity1614 in 12 @entity1 , to @entity731 of the aorta in 27 @entity1 , and to @entity130 in 1 @entity1 . @entity101 as the only pathologic finding was observed in 27 @entity1 . @entity2332 (confirmed by isoelectric electroencephalogram) and @entity1167 were induced in all @entity1 . Two @entity1 died intraoperatively due to @entity548 (intraoperative mortality, 3%). The 30-day mortality rate was 30% (n = 20). Causes of perioperative @entity204 in order of frequency were @entity881 (n = 11), @entity583 (n = 2), @entity86 (n = 2), cerebrovascular insult (n = 2), and @entity295 (n = 1). The mean intensive care unit stay of the surviving 47 @entity1 (72%) was 8 days, followed by a mean of 21 additional days in the hospital. Our experience with profound @entity2332 and @entity1167 , used in combination with coated grafts, supports our conviction that this is the method of choice for the treatment of type A dissecting @entity439 .

title: Surgical treatment of type A @entity1580 . Results with profound @entity2332 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['circulatory arrest']


abstract: A simple and inexpensive test for mass examination of the functional activity of serum antibodies was developed. The test is based on a kinetic serologic reaction that reflects the time course of changes in antibody titers depending on the time of contact of the tested material with antigen. The curves of serum kinetic titration were processed on a computer by the special programme. As a result, an integral factor, an @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) was calculated for each serum sample under study. The titers and @entity3457 were determined in more than 2,000 healthy @entity1 , @entity1 with @entity683 A and B, and those immunized with different @entity683 vaccines. The @entity1 having similar antibody titers were demonstrated to greatly differ in @entity3457 . The functional activity of antibodies is a more precise marker of protection from @entity683 than the routine quantitative characteristics of antibodies, i.e. titers. The high baseline @entity3457 decreased the severity of @entity281 . Live @entity683 vaccines stimulated the production of antibodies having higher @entity3457 than inactivated ones. The live @entity683 strains (candidates for vaccine ones) significantly differed in their ability to stimulate the production of antibodies having a high functional activity.

title: [Significance of the functional activity of antibodies in XXXX immunity].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['antibody functional activity index', 'AFAI']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['influenza infection']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of a blood transfusion in a @entity1 population with @entity135 that was treated with combined therapy (surgery and radiation). DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized end point study. Univariate and multivariate analysis of 24 variables, including transfusion status. SETTING: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study (Cooperative Studies Program 268). @entity1 : @entity1 in the surgical arm of the study (166 @entity1 ) underwent surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for advanced (stage III and IV) @entity5 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identification of variables related to @entity1 time to @entity204 . RESULTS: The univariate analysis identified age, clinical N (lymph node) class, primary @entity5 site, number of pathologically positive lymph nodes, extracapsular spread, pretreatment screening hematocrit, hematocrit and @entity2313 level at 1 month after treatment, intraoperative fluids and units of blood, and total units of blood as significant (P < .05). The stepwise multivariate models identified independent significance in clinical and pathologic node status, hematocrits at both screening and 1 month, extracapsular spread, @entity2313 level at 1 month, age, and primary site. The position of each variable within the individual regression models varied. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical N class or pathologic node status occupied the first position of predictive significance in all models. Blood transfusion status never retained independent significance in any multivariate assessment.

title: Blood transfusion as a risk factor for XXXX in stage III and IV operative @entity5 . The Department of Veterans Affairs @entity5 Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'laryngeal cancer']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of a blood transfusion in a @entity1 population with @entity135 that was treated with combined therapy (surgery and radiation). DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized end point study. Univariate and multivariate analysis of 24 variables, including transfusion status. SETTING: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study (Cooperative Studies Program 268). @entity1 : @entity1 in the surgical arm of the study (166 @entity1 ) underwent surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for advanced (stage III and IV) @entity5 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identification of variables related to @entity1 time to @entity204 . RESULTS: The univariate analysis identified age, clinical N (lymph node) class, primary @entity5 site, number of pathologically positive lymph nodes, extracapsular spread, pretreatment screening hematocrit, hematocrit and @entity2313 level at 1 month after treatment, intraoperative fluids and units of blood, and total units of blood as significant (P < .05). The stepwise multivariate models identified independent significance in clinical and pathologic node status, hematocrits at both screening and 1 month, extracapsular spread, @entity2313 level at 1 month, age, and primary site. The position of each variable within the individual regression models varied. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical N class or pathologic node status occupied the first position of predictive significance in all models. Blood transfusion status never retained independent significance in any multivariate assessment.

title: Blood transfusion as a risk factor for @entity204 in stage III and IV operative XXXX . The Department of Veterans Affairs @entity5 Study Group.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['laryngeal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of a blood transfusion in a @entity1 population with @entity135 that was treated with combined therapy (surgery and radiation). DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized end point study. Univariate and multivariate analysis of 24 variables, including transfusion status. SETTING: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study (Cooperative Studies Program 268). @entity1 : @entity1 in the surgical arm of the study (166 @entity1 ) underwent surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for advanced (stage III and IV) @entity5 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identification of variables related to @entity1 time to @entity204 . RESULTS: The univariate analysis identified age, clinical N (lymph node) class, primary @entity5 site, number of pathologically positive lymph nodes, extracapsular spread, pretreatment screening hematocrit, hematocrit and @entity2313 level at 1 month after treatment, intraoperative fluids and units of blood, and total units of blood as significant (P < .05). The stepwise multivariate models identified independent significance in clinical and pathologic node status, hematocrits at both screening and 1 month, extracapsular spread, @entity2313 level at 1 month, age, and primary site. The position of each variable within the individual regression models varied. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical N class or pathologic node status occupied the first position of predictive significance in all models. Blood transfusion status never retained independent significance in any multivariate assessment.

title: Blood transfusion as a risk factor for @entity204 in stage III and IV operative @entity5 . The Department of Veterans Affairs XXXX Study Group.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Laryngeal Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine retrospectively consecutive @entity1 treated with @entity544 laser excision of @entity957 for the patterns of recurrence based on the location of the initial @entity5 and on the @entity5 stage. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary care center including a university hospital and a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PROCEDURES AND @entity1 : Sixty-one procedures performed on 51 consecutive @entity1 . The only @entity1 not included were three who were unavailable for follow-up. The average follow-up was 32 months. If the @entity1 whose follow-up was limited because of @entity204 are excluded, the average follow-up was 40 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of recurrence, time to recurrence, development of second intraoral primary lesions or pulmonary metastases, and cause of @entity204 . RESULTS: A nearly equal incidence of recurrence irrespective of site of lesion (tongue, 42%; floor of mouth, 40%; and other oral cavity sites, 45%). Determinate survival differed by stage. @entity1 with T1 lesions showed a determinate survival rate of 80%; those with T2 or T3 lesions had a determinate survival rate of 57%; and those treated for recurrent disease had a determinate survival rate of 44%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity544 laser excision of @entity957 is a useful, advantageous method, but it appears to offer no advantage for recurrence over standard methods. Appropriate management of @entity135 in @entity1 with @entity957 must be carefully considered. @entity1 with this potentially aggressive form of @entity5 deserve long-term follow-up.

title: Patterns of recurrence after @entity544 laser excision of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['neck disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['intraoral squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide', 'Carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['intraoral squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine retrospectively consecutive @entity1 treated with @entity544 laser excision of @entity957 for the patterns of recurrence based on the location of the initial @entity5 and on the @entity5 stage. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary care center including a university hospital and a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PROCEDURES AND @entity1 : Sixty-one procedures performed on 51 consecutive @entity1 . The only @entity1 not included were three who were unavailable for follow-up. The average follow-up was 32 months. If the @entity1 whose follow-up was limited because of @entity204 are excluded, the average follow-up was 40 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of recurrence, time to recurrence, development of second intraoral primary lesions or pulmonary metastases, and cause of @entity204 . RESULTS: A nearly equal incidence of recurrence irrespective of site of lesion (tongue, 42%; floor of mouth, 40%; and other oral cavity sites, 45%). Determinate survival differed by stage. @entity1 with T1 lesions showed a determinate survival rate of 80%; those with T2 or T3 lesions had a determinate survival rate of 57%; and those treated for recurrent disease had a determinate survival rate of 44%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity544 laser excision of @entity957 is a useful, advantageous method, but it appears to offer no advantage for recurrence over standard methods. Appropriate management of @entity135 in @entity1 with @entity957 must be carefully considered. @entity1 with this potentially aggressive form of @entity5 deserve long-term follow-up.

title: Patterns of recurrence after XXXX laser excision of @entity957 .

answer: @entity544 :: (MESH:D002245,Chemical) :: ['carbon dioxide']


abstract: The @entity151 cell lines GLC-2 and DMS 456 were genetically labeled with the lacZ gene and examined for invasive and metastatic potential in META/Bom @entity19 . The lacZ gene encodes the enzyme beta-D- galactosidase, and cells expressing this enzyme were identified by staining with the chromogenic substrate X-gal. lacZ expressing cells were investigated after subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation and intravenous (i.v.) injection. The X-gal detection of beta-D-galactosidase activity proved to be a rapid and easy means for specific and highly sensitive identification of @entity3 . All primary s.c. @entity5 stained by X-gal. The @entity5 of GLC-2 regularly demonstrated local invasive growth and produced multiple @entity3 in several organs. In contrast, primary DMS 456 @entity5 only occasionally demonstrated local invasion and very rarely generated secondary foci. No experimental @entity3 were found after i.v. injection of the examined @entity5 lines. The results indicate an intratumoral heterogeneity among @entity5 in the capacity for invasion and metastatic spread. The different metastatic pattern of GLC-2 after s.c. and i.v. inoculation supports the hypothesis that initial steps of the metastatic cascade occurring in the @entity5 are necessary for the subsequent production of growing @entity3 .

title: Dissemination in athymic @entity19 of lacZ transfected XXXX cells identified by X-gal staining.

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'individual SCLC tumors', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity151 :: (MESH:D055752,Disease) :: ['small cell lung cancer']


abstract: The @entity151 cell lines GLC-2 and DMS 456 were genetically labeled with the lacZ gene and examined for invasive and metastatic potential in META/Bom @entity19 . The lacZ gene encodes the enzyme beta-D- galactosidase, and cells expressing this enzyme were identified by staining with the chromogenic substrate X-gal. lacZ expressing cells were investigated after subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation and intravenous (i.v.) injection. The X-gal detection of beta-D-galactosidase activity proved to be a rapid and easy means for specific and highly sensitive identification of @entity3 . All primary s.c. @entity5 stained by X-gal. The @entity5 of GLC-2 regularly demonstrated local invasive growth and produced multiple @entity3 in several organs. In contrast, primary DMS 456 @entity5 only occasionally demonstrated local invasion and very rarely generated secondary foci. No experimental @entity3 were found after i.v. injection of the examined @entity5 lines. The results indicate an intratumoral heterogeneity among @entity5 in the capacity for invasion and metastatic spread. The different metastatic pattern of GLC-2 after s.c. and i.v. inoculation supports the hypothesis that initial steps of the metastatic cascade occurring in the @entity5 are necessary for the subsequent production of growing @entity3 .

title: Dissemination in athymic XXXX of lacZ transfected @entity151 cells identified by X-gal staining.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['nude mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We developed a novel procedure for laparoscopic suprapancreatic @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) dissection, which is compulsory and quite difficult for @entity1 with advanced @entity356 .1 (-) 3 METHODS: We dissected suprapancreatic LNs from the left to the right side. The No. 11p LNs were dissected first, followed by the No. 9, 7, and 8a LNs. Dissection of the No. 5 and 12a LNs was completed last. The above procedure was performed on 814 consecutive @entity1 with stage cT2-3 disease. RESULTS: Mean operation time was 186.9      56.4  min (range 80-480  min), mean @entity190 was 76.6      106.8  ml (range 3-500  ml), and mean times to first flatus, fluid diet, and soft diet were 3.7      1.2  days (range 1-9  days), 5.2      1.7  days (range 2-14  days), and 8.3      2.2  days (range 5-20  days), respectively. A mean 34.5      12.9 LNs (range 22-103) were retrieved, including a mean 12.4      5.7 (range 0-35) suprapancreatic area LNs. Overall postoperative morbidity rate was 14.7  % (120/814), including three cases of @entity3472 . All of these @entity260 were successfully treated by conservative methods. At a median follow-up of 27  months (range 1-63), cumulative 3-year overall survival was 59.2  %. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic suprapancreatic @entity1600 dissection using a left-sided approach could be safely achieved and is more convenient for advanced @entity356 .

title: Laparoscopic Suprapancreatic Lymph Node Dissection for Advanced XXXX Using a Left-Sided Approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity3472 :: ('MESH:D010185', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic fistula']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Limited data are available regarding the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly the new generation 3 Tesla technology, and especially diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in predicting @entity1575 . The aim of our pilot study was to assess the clinical performance of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of liver parenchyma for the assessment of @entity1575 in @entity1 with @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ). METHODS: 18 @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity1561 underwent DWI with 3 Tesla MRI. DWI was performed with single-shot echo-planar technique at b values of 0-500 and 0-1000 s/mm(2). ADC was measured in four locations in the liver and the mean ADC value was used for analysis. Staging of @entity82 was performed according to the METAVIR system. RESULTS: The median age of @entity1 was 52 years (range 23-73). The distribution of @entity1 in different @entity82 stages was: 0 (n=1), 1 (n=7), 2 (n=1), 3 (n=5), 4 (n=4). @entity82 stage was poorly associated with ADC at b value of 0-500 s/mm(2) (r= -0.30, P=0.27). However it was significantly associated with ADC at b value of 0-1000 s/mm(2) (r= -0.57, P=0.01). For this b value (0-1000 s/mm(2)) the area under receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.93 for @entity82 stage >= 3 and the optimal ADC cut-off value was 1.16 *10(-3) mm(2)/s. CONCLUSION: 3 Tesla DWI can possibly predict the presence of advanced @entity82 in @entity1 with @entity1561 .

title: Value of 3 Tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for assessing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['non-alcoholic fatty liver disease', 'NAFLD']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'Fibrosis']

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['liver fibrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1793 ( @entity1793 ) produced by @entity794 have increasingly given rise to @entity1 health and food safety. Genetically engineered small molecular antibody is a useful tool in immuno-detection and treatment for clinical illness caused by @entity1793 . In this study, we constructed the @entity10389 -VH tail-parallel genetically engineered antibody against @entity1793 by using the repertoire of rearranged germ-line immunoglobulin variable region genes. Total RNA were extracted from six hybridoma cell lines that stably express anti- @entity1793 antibodies. The variable region genes of light chain ( @entity10389 ) and heavy chain (VH) were cloned by reverse transcription PCR, and their classical murine antibody structure and functional V(D)J gene rearrangement were analyzed. To construct the eukaryotic VH- @entity10389 tail-parallel co-expression vectors based on the "5'-VH-ivs-IRES- @entity10389 -3'" mode, the ivs-IRES fragment and @entity10389 genes were spliced by two-step overlap extension PCR, and then, the recombined gene fragment and VH genes were inserted into the pcDNA3.1(+) expression vector sequentially. And then the constructed eukaryotic expression clones termed as p2C2HILO and p5C12HILO were transfected into baby hamster kidney 21 cell line, respectively. Two clonal cell lines stably expressing @entity10389 -VH tail-parallel antibodies against @entity1793 were obtained, and the antibodies that expressed intracytoplasma were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence assay, and flow cytometry. @entity1793 can stimulate the expression of some chemokines and chemokine receptors in porcine IPEC- @entity1 cells; mRNA transcription level of four chemokines and chemokine receptors can be blocked by the recombinant SE antibody prepared in this study. Our results showed that it is possible to get functional @entity10389 -VH tail-parallel genetically engineered antibodies in same vector using eukaryotic expression system.

title: Construction and characterization of XXXX -V H tail-parallel genetically engineered antibodies against staphylococcal enterotoxins.

entities_list: @entity1793 :: ('MESH:D013203', 'Disease') :: ['Staphylococcal enterotoxins', 'SEs']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

answer: @entity10389 :: (MESH:C536141,Disease) :: ['VL']


abstract: In the 32-month period between April, 1978, and December, 1980, 292 @entity1 , divided into two equal groups, received a @entity3584 porcine bioprosthesis--either Hancock or Carpentier-Edwards (CE)--as mitral valve substitute. Every @entity1 receiving a mitral porcine xenograft during that time was included in the study. The type of bioprosthesis was always selected by the surgeon and not randomly. Preoperative clinical characteristics, associated surgical procedures, valve implantation sizes, and follow-up data showed no relevant differences between the two groups. There were three instances of primary tissue failure in the Hancock group and six in the CE (linearized rates of 0.49 and 0.97 events percentage of @entity1 /years, respectively). Mean duration of explanted valves and microscopic findings were similar in both groups. Primary tissue failure was more frequent in @entity1 under 40 years of age in both groups, although differences were not statistically significant. A marginally significant trend toward greater incidence of tissue failure in @entity1 of 40 years of age and older was seen in the CE group when compared with the Hancock group. Actuarial survival of the bioprostheses free from primary tissue failure was 6.5 years of 95 +/- 3% (mean +/- standard error) for Hancock and 84 +/- 9% for CE (p = NS). No significant difference in terms of durability has been found between the two most popular @entity3584 porcine bioprostheses, although the behavior of the CE in @entity1 older than 40 years should be reassessed in a study with a larger number of @entity1 and a longer follow-up period.

title: Primary tissue valve degeneration in XXXX -preserved porcine bioprostheses: Hancock I versus Carpentier-Edwards at 4- to 7-years' follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

answer: @entity3584 :: (MESH:D005976,Chemical) :: ['glutaraldehyde']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that only one hour of preinduction skin-surface warming decreases the rate at which @entity2332 develops during the first hour of anesthesia. DESIGN: Randomized, prospective study. SETTING: Operating theater of a university hospital. @entity1 : 16 ASA status I and II adult @entity1 scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. INTERVENTIONS: Eight @entity1 were assigned to receive forced-air warming for one hour before induction of anesthesia (prewarmed group); the other eight @entity1 were covered only with a wool blanket during a similar preinduction period (control group). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Tympanic membrane (core) and mean skin-surface temperatures were measured at 15-minutes intervals, starting one hour before induction of anesthesia. Mean skin temperature increased from 34.0 +/- 0.1 C to 37.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C in the pre-warmed group (p < 0.05), but remained unchanged at 34.7 +/- 0.3 degrees C in the control group. Core temperature during the preinduction period did not change significantly in either group. Following induction of anesthesia, core temperature decreased at a rate of 1.1 +/- 0.1 degrees C/hr in the control group, but only 0.6 +/- 0.1 degrees C/hr in the pre-warmed group (p < 0.05). After one hour of anesthesia, six of eight pre-warmed @entity1 had core temperatures of at least 36.5 degrees C, whereas only one of the eight control @entity1 did (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A single hour of preoperative skin-surface warming reduced the rate at which @entity2332 developed during the first hour of anesthesia. Preoperative skin surface warming is particularly helpful during short procedures because redistribution @entity2332 is otherwise difficult to treat.

title: Pre-induction skin-surface warming minimizes intraoperative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['core hypothermia', 'hypothermia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['core hypothermia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To highlight the clinical features of @entity12949 that might facilitate earlier diagnosis. METHODOLOGY: Fifteen year retrospective review of proven neonatal HSV cases from a regional neonatal referral unit. RESULTS: Fifteen cases reviewed: 10 with central nervous system (CNS) disease, three with @entity8492 ( @entity8492 ) disease and two with disseminated disease (DIS). A median 4 day delay occurred between symptom onset and hospital admission. All cases presented after maternity hospital discharge, most commonly with feeding problems and lethargy. Six @entity1 presented with @entity272 ; parental @entity12881 was reported in three (20%) cases. Seven @entity1 died, four without @entity1033 treatment and three of 11 treated cases. Three of five @entity6220 survivors and all @entity1 with @entity8492 disease were normal at follow up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1033 improves outcome in neonatal @entity281 . To improve outcome further earlier recognition of the non-specific presenting features of the disease is required.

title: XXXX : keys to early diagnosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1033 :: ('MESH:D000212', 'Chemical') :: ['Acyclovir', 'acyclovir']

entities_list: @entity12949 :: ('MESH:C536395', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal herpes simplex (HSV) infection']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['CNS disease']

entities_list: @entity12881 :: ('MESH:D006558', 'Disease') :: ['genital herpes']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['HSV infection']

entities_list: @entity8492 :: ('MESH:D012868', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'skin, eyes or mouth']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity12949 :: (MESH:C536395,Disease) :: ['Neonatal herpes simplex infection']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Repeat hepatic resection has previously been reported as the most effective treatment for recurrence of @entity189 . To the best of our knowledge, en bloc resection of recurrent @entity157 directly invading the abdominal wall has not been previously reported. CASE PRESENTATION: In September 2012, a 64-year-old Chinese male @entity1 was referred to our hospital because of primary @entity157 located in Couinaud's segments III and V. Our @entity1 first had a hepatectomy of the liver. Ten months later, he presented with an abdominal wall mass and upper @entity490 . Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans demonstrated a 10cm @entity5 in his left liver with extrahepatic metastases in his abdominal wall. It was determined that he had recurrent @entity157 associated with direct invasion into his abdominal wall. He had an en bloc left hepatectomy with resection of the @entity5 in his abdominal wall. A pathological examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of @entity157 involving the abdominal wall. Disease-free margins of resection were achieved. Our @entity1 's postoperative course was uneventful. Eight months after the last surgery, our @entity1 died owing to recurrence and distal metastasis. CONCLUSION: Direct invasion of @entity157 into the abdominal wall is rarely encountered. Complete surgical resection should be considered in @entity1 with an appropriate hepatic functional reserve, with consideration of the technical difficulty relating to @entity5 involvement with surrounding tissues.

title: Successful en bloc resection of recurrent XXXX directly invading the abdominal wall: a case report.

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']