abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity740 ( @entity740 ) @entity1 , the ability to excrete a @entity1391 load is impaired. Compensatory increase in @entity461 ( @entity461 ) and @entity11648 ( @entity11648 ) promote @entity14104 . Serum @entity11648 concentration is considered an early biomarker of excess @entity1391 load and high levels of @entity11648 have been associated with increased mortality. In the present study, we have evaluated the changes in plasma @entity11648 after treatment with the @entity1391 binder @entity19006 in @entity1 with @entity740 -3 and a normal serum @entity1391 concentration. METHODS: Eighteen Caucasian @entity740 Stage 3a/3b patients with serum @entity1391 <4.5 mg/dL were recruited in a prospective longitudinal open-label study. @entity1 received a 4-week period of standardized @entity3151 -restricted diet containing 0.8 g/Kg/day protein. Thereafter, the same diet was maintained and @entity1 received @entity19006 (750 mg with the three main meals) for 4 weeks. RESULTS: No significant changes were observed in serum @entity1391 , however, @entity19006 significantly decreased urinary excretion of @entity1391 and fractional excretion of @entity1391 (P < 0.004). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in carboxyterminal @entity11648 (median percent change from baseline -21.8% (interquartile range -4.5, -30%), P = 0.025). No changes were observed in @entity461 . CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, @entity19006 reduced @entity1391 load, as assessed by urinary @entity1391 excretion, and also reduced plasma @entity11648 in @entity740 -3 @entity1 . This occurs in the presence of unchanged normal serum @entity1391 levels.

title: @entity19006 reduces @entity11648 in @entity740 Stage 3 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Angiogenesis is critical for @entity5 growth and @entity3 , and several inhibitors of @entity7499 are currently in clinical use for the treatment of @entity5 . However, not all @entity1 benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, and those @entity5 that initially respond to treatment ultimately become resistant. The mechanisms underlying this, and the relative contributions of @entity5 cells and stroma to resistance, are not completely understood. Here, using species-specific profiling of @entity19 xenograft models of @entity1 @entity2220 , we have shown that gene expression changes associated with acquired resistance to the @entity7 inhibitor bevacizumab occurred predominantly in stromal and not @entity5 cells. In particular, components of the @entity470 and FGFR pathways were upregulated in stroma, but not in @entity5 cells. Increased activated @entity470 was detected on pericytes of xenografts that acquired resistance and on endothelium of @entity5 with relative primary resistance. Acquired resistance was associated with a pattern of pericyte-covered, normalized revascularization, whereas tortuous, uncovered vessels were observed in relative primary resistance. Importantly, dual targeting of the @entity7 and @entity470 pathways reduced pericyte coverage and increased progression-free survival. These findings demonstrated that alterations in @entity5 stromal pathways, including the @entity470 and FGFR pathways, are associated with, and may contribute to, resistance to @entity7 inhibitors and that targeting these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Understanding stromal signaling may be critical for developing biomarkers for @entity7499 inhibitors and improving combination regimens.

title: Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in @entity19 xenograft models of @entity7499 inhibitor-resistant XXXX @entity2220 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Angiogenesis is critical for @entity5 growth and @entity3 , and several inhibitors of @entity7499 are currently in clinical use for the treatment of @entity5 . However, not all @entity1 benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, and those @entity5 that initially respond to treatment ultimately become resistant. The mechanisms underlying this, and the relative contributions of @entity5 cells and stroma to resistance, are not completely understood. Here, using species-specific profiling of @entity19 xenograft models of @entity1 @entity2220 , we have shown that gene expression changes associated with acquired resistance to the @entity7 inhibitor bevacizumab occurred predominantly in stromal and not @entity5 cells. In particular, components of the @entity470 and FGFR pathways were upregulated in stroma, but not in @entity5 cells. Increased activated @entity470 was detected on pericytes of xenografts that acquired resistance and on endothelium of @entity5 with relative primary resistance. Acquired resistance was associated with a pattern of pericyte-covered, normalized revascularization, whereas tortuous, uncovered vessels were observed in relative primary resistance. Importantly, dual targeting of the @entity7 and @entity470 pathways reduced pericyte coverage and increased progression-free survival. These findings demonstrated that alterations in @entity5 stromal pathways, including the @entity470 and FGFR pathways, are associated with, and may contribute to, resistance to @entity7 inhibitors and that targeting these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Understanding stromal signaling may be critical for developing biomarkers for @entity7499 inhibitors and improving combination regimens.

title: Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in @entity19 xenograft models of @entity7499 inhibitor-resistant @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity2220 :: (MESH:C538231,Disease) :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']


abstract: Angiogenesis is critical for @entity5 growth and @entity3 , and several inhibitors of @entity7499 are currently in clinical use for the treatment of @entity5 . However, not all @entity1 benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, and those @entity5 that initially respond to treatment ultimately become resistant. The mechanisms underlying this, and the relative contributions of @entity5 cells and stroma to resistance, are not completely understood. Here, using species-specific profiling of @entity19 xenograft models of @entity1 @entity2220 , we have shown that gene expression changes associated with acquired resistance to the @entity7 inhibitor bevacizumab occurred predominantly in stromal and not @entity5 cells. In particular, components of the @entity470 and FGFR pathways were upregulated in stroma, but not in @entity5 cells. Increased activated @entity470 was detected on pericytes of xenografts that acquired resistance and on endothelium of @entity5 with relative primary resistance. Acquired resistance was associated with a pattern of pericyte-covered, normalized revascularization, whereas tortuous, uncovered vessels were observed in relative primary resistance. Importantly, dual targeting of the @entity7 and @entity470 pathways reduced pericyte coverage and increased progression-free survival. These findings demonstrated that alterations in @entity5 stromal pathways, including the @entity470 and FGFR pathways, are associated with, and may contribute to, resistance to @entity7 inhibitors and that targeting these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Understanding stromal signaling may be critical for developing biomarkers for @entity7499 inhibitors and improving combination regimens.

title: Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in @entity19 xenograft models of XXXX inhibitor-resistant @entity1 @entity2220 .

answer: @entity7499 :: (MESH:D016510,Disease) :: ['angiogenesis']


abstract: Angiogenesis is critical for @entity5 growth and @entity3 , and several inhibitors of @entity7499 are currently in clinical use for the treatment of @entity5 . However, not all @entity1 benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, and those @entity5 that initially respond to treatment ultimately become resistant. The mechanisms underlying this, and the relative contributions of @entity5 cells and stroma to resistance, are not completely understood. Here, using species-specific profiling of @entity19 xenograft models of @entity1 @entity2220 , we have shown that gene expression changes associated with acquired resistance to the @entity7 inhibitor bevacizumab occurred predominantly in stromal and not @entity5 cells. In particular, components of the @entity470 and FGFR pathways were upregulated in stroma, but not in @entity5 cells. Increased activated @entity470 was detected on pericytes of xenografts that acquired resistance and on endothelium of @entity5 with relative primary resistance. Acquired resistance was associated with a pattern of pericyte-covered, normalized revascularization, whereas tortuous, uncovered vessels were observed in relative primary resistance. Importantly, dual targeting of the @entity7 and @entity470 pathways reduced pericyte coverage and increased progression-free survival. These findings demonstrated that alterations in @entity5 stromal pathways, including the @entity470 and FGFR pathways, are associated with, and may contribute to, resistance to @entity7 inhibitors and that targeting these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Understanding stromal signaling may be critical for developing biomarkers for @entity7499 inhibitors and improving combination regimens.

title: Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in XXXX xenograft models of @entity7499 inhibitor-resistant @entity1 @entity2220 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1118 or discomfort after @entity547 surgery is nowadays a more challenging concern than recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of local anaesthetic repair (LA) on @entity158 , discomfort, paraesthesia and functional outcome after @entity23212 as compared to locoregional (LRA) and general anaesthesia (GA). METHODS: @entity1 with primary or recurrent inguinal @entity547 underwent Lichtenstein repair with a @entity7502 mesh. All @entity1 with a follow-up of at least three years were sent a detailed questionnaire and offered an outpatient visit. Kaplan-Meier estimates and @entity797 proportional hazard regressions were used to analyse the relationship between time to event variables and explanatory variables including anaesthesia type. RESULTS: Between 1994 and 2006, in two cohorts, 330 @entity1 answered the questionnaire: 100 under GA, 35 under LRA, and 195 under LA. This represented a response rate of 95, 94, and 98% respectively. Compared to GA and LRA, LA resulted in less long term @entity158 , discomfort and paraesthesia. Moreover, resumption of social and professional activities was faster after LA. Recurrence rates were 1, 0, and 0.5% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: After @entity169 repair, LA results in beneficial effects beyond the immediate postoperative period.

title: Long term outcome after XXXX repair using general, locoregional or local anaesthesia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity23212 :: ('MESH:C535894', 'Disease') :: ['Lichtenstein hernia repair']

entities_list: @entity7502 :: ('MESH:D011126', 'Chemical') :: ['polypropylene']

entities_list: @entity169 :: ('MESH:D006552', 'Disease') :: ['Lichtenstein inguinal hernia']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pain']

answer: @entity23212 :: (MESH:C535894,Disease) :: ['lichtenstein hernia']


abstract: Administration of @entity4742 ( @entity4743 ) to neonatal @entity19 causes a high incidence of @entity3923 comparable to @entity3923 in @entity1 who were exposed to @entity4743 in utero. In the present study, scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate morphological events that might be involved in the development of @entity3923 . The effects of @entity4743 on luminal epithelia of neonatal @entity19 uterus, vaginal canal, and vaginal fornix were compared with the effects of the drug on those tissues of the adult @entity19 . BALB/c @entity19 were given five s.c. injections of 2 micrograms @entity4743 in @entity5420 oil or of @entity5420 oil alone (controls) on postnatal Days 1 through 5 and were killed on Day 7. Ovariectomized adult BALB/c @entity19 were given s.c. injections of 2 or 20 micrograms @entity4743 or of oil on 5 consecutive days and were killed 2 days after the last injections. In neonatal and adult uteri, @entity4743 stimulated the growth of microvilli on epithelial cells. The numbers of long and intermediate-length microvilli were markedly increased relative to those in control uteri. @entity4743 caused epithelial cornification in all samples of adult vaginal canal and fornix and in three of eleven Day 7 vaginal canal samples, but not in the remaining eight Day 7 vaginal canal samples or in any of ten Day 7 fornix samples. In the latter tissues, @entity4743 caused a marked increase in numbers of short, long, and intermediate-length microvilli on the apical surfaces of epithelial cells. Thus, in the majority of cases, en Day 7 vaginal canal samples, but not in the remaining eight Day 7 vaginal canal samples or in any of ten Day 7 fornix samples. In the latter tissues, @entity4743 caused a marked increase in numbers of short, long, and intermediate-length microvilli on the apical surfaces of epithelial cells. Thus, in the majority of cases, en Day 7 vaginal canal samples, but not in the remaining eight Day 7 vaginal canal samples or in any of ten Day 7 fornix samples. In the latter tissues, @entity4743 caused a marked increase in numbers of short, long, and intermediate-length microvilli on the apical surfaces of epithelial cells. Thus, in the majority of cases, the response of neonatal fornicovaginal epithelium to @entity4743 resembled that of neonatal and adult uterine epithelium more than it resembled the response of adult fornicovaginal epithelium; the uterine-like response might be causally related to the development of @entity3923 .

title: Morphological effects of XXXX on neonatal @entity19 uterus and vagina.

entities_list: @entity3923 :: ('MESH:D005348', 'Disease') :: ['adenosis', 'vaginal adenosis']

entities_list: @entity4742 :: ('MESH:D004054', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylstilbestrol']

answer: @entity4742 :: (MESH:D004054,Chemical) :: ['diethylstilbestrol']


abstract: Administration of @entity4742 ( @entity4743 ) to neonatal @entity19 causes a high incidence of @entity3923 comparable to @entity3923 in @entity1 who were exposed to @entity4743 in utero. In the present study, scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate morphological events that might be involved in the development of @entity3923 . The effects of @entity4743 on luminal epithelia of neonatal @entity19 uterus, vaginal canal, and vaginal fornix were compared with the effects of the drug on those tissues of the adult @entity19 . BALB/c @entity19 were given five s.c. injections of 2 micrograms @entity4743 in @entity5420 oil or of @entity5420 oil alone (controls) on postnatal Days 1 through 5 and were killed on Day 7. Ovariectomized adult BALB/c @entity19 were given s.c. injections of 2 or 20 micrograms @entity4743 or of oil on 5 consecutive days and were killed 2 days after the last injections. In neonatal and adult uteri, @entity4743 stimulated the growth of microvilli on epithelial cells. The numbers of long and intermediate-length microvilli were markedly increased relative to those in control uteri. @entity4743 caused epithelial cornification in all samples of adult vaginal canal and fornix and in three of eleven Day 7 vaginal canal samples, but not in the remaining eight Day 7 vaginal canal samples or in any of ten Day 7 fornix samples. In the latter tissues, @entity4743 caused a marked increase in numbers of short, long, and intermediate-length microvilli on the apical surfaces of epithelial cells. Thus, in the majority of cases, en Day 7 vaginal canal samples, but not in the remaining eight Day 7 vaginal canal samples or in any of ten Day 7 fornix samples. In the latter tissues, @entity4743 caused a marked increase in numbers of short, long, and intermediate-length microvilli on the apical surfaces of epithelial cells. Thus, in the majority of cases, en Day 7 vaginal canal samples, but not in the remaining eight Day 7 vaginal canal samples or in any of ten Day 7 fornix samples. In the latter tissues, @entity4743 caused a marked increase in numbers of short, long, and intermediate-length microvilli on the apical surfaces of epithelial cells. Thus, in the majority of cases, the response of neonatal fornicovaginal epithelium to @entity4743 resembled that of neonatal and adult uterine epithelium more than it resembled the response of adult fornicovaginal epithelium; the uterine-like response might be causally related to the development of @entity3923 .

title: Morphological effects of @entity4742 on neonatal XXXX uterus and vagina.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present power stapes, stapedotomy, and middle ear implantation with Vibrant SoundBridge (VSB) performed in a one-step surgery as an alternative option for hearing rehabilitation in @entity1 with @entity6926 ( @entity6926 ). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Tertiary referral ear center. @entity1 : A family with genetically proven @entity6926 Type I. INTERVENTIONS: Two @entity1 , mother and son, with severe to profound mixed @entity393 underwent 3 power stapes, 1 unilateral and 1 bilateral sequential. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Thorough audiological diagnostic batteries including aided and unaided pure-tone and free-field audiometry and Freiburg monosyllabic word test were used to assess the preoperative status and the postoperative hearing outcome. High-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bones was performed as well. Surgical procedure and any special considerations were analyzed in detail. RESULTS: The hearing outcome was favorable in all cases, showing in comparison to the preoperative values an average improvement of 36.8 dB. Severe @entity954 of the middle ear mucosa was the only complication and could be easily controlled by allowing short time intervals. @entity389 did not occur in any case. CONCLUSION: Power stapes represents a safe and promising procedure for treating @entity393 in selected @entity1 with @entity6926 . Furthermore, it introduces a new, advantageous VSB application in cases of mixed @entity393 with severe @entity8719 and increased bone-conduction thresholds.

title: Power stapes: an alternative method for treating XXXX in @entity6926 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8719 :: ('MESH:D010040', 'Disease') :: ['otosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity389 :: ('MESH:D007759', 'Disease') :: ['Inner ear trauma']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta', 'OI']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['hearing loss']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present power stapes, stapedotomy, and middle ear implantation with Vibrant SoundBridge (VSB) performed in a one-step surgery as an alternative option for hearing rehabilitation in @entity1 with @entity6926 ( @entity6926 ). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Tertiary referral ear center. @entity1 : A family with genetically proven @entity6926 Type I. INTERVENTIONS: Two @entity1 , mother and son, with severe to profound mixed @entity393 underwent 3 power stapes, 1 unilateral and 1 bilateral sequential. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Thorough audiological diagnostic batteries including aided and unaided pure-tone and free-field audiometry and Freiburg monosyllabic word test were used to assess the preoperative status and the postoperative hearing outcome. High-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bones was performed as well. Surgical procedure and any special considerations were analyzed in detail. RESULTS: The hearing outcome was favorable in all cases, showing in comparison to the preoperative values an average improvement of 36.8 dB. Severe @entity954 of the middle ear mucosa was the only complication and could be easily controlled by allowing short time intervals. @entity389 did not occur in any case. CONCLUSION: Power stapes represents a safe and promising procedure for treating @entity393 in selected @entity1 with @entity6926 . Furthermore, it introduces a new, advantageous VSB application in cases of mixed @entity393 with severe @entity8719 and increased bone-conduction thresholds.

title: Power stapes: an alternative method for treating @entity393 in XXXX ?

answer: @entity6926 :: (MESH:D010013,Disease) :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare demographic and clinical events in three groups of preterm neonates: those with @entity3166 ( @entity3166 ), those with @entity3257 ( @entity3257 ) and in preterm @entity1 without NEC. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective case-control study was conducted at Yale New Haven @entity1 's Hospital using @entity1 data from January 1991 to December 2007. Study @entity1 were less than 36 weeks of gestational age (GA) at birth, without @entity344 . Cases ( @entity3166 ) were diagnosed at operation or at autopsy with observation of >80% @entity39 of the GI tract. Two control groups were assigned: Group 1 or @entity3257 and Group II or Non-NEC. Two to four controls per case were matched to cases by GA at birth  2 weeks. Demographic and clinical data for the day of diagnosis and retrospectively up to 7 days preceding diagnosis were recorded for those with @entity3166 and NEC. Group II controls were matched for date of birth and day of life, in addition to GA at birth. RESULT: A total of 14   075 @entity1 were admitted to the Newborn Special Care Unit during the study interval. Overall 328 @entity1 (2.3%) developed NEC>= Bell's Stage II; 39 @entity1 met inclusion criteria for @entity3166 case status; 148 @entity3257 and 110 non-NEC controls were assigned. In the comparison of NEC T and @entity3257 neonates, use of breast milk was associated with decreased risk of @entity3166 , adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) of OR=0.08-0.085, P=0.03. When NEC T and non-NEC @entity1 were compared, having reached full-enteral feeds before the date of diagnosis of the matched case (adjusted OR=28.5, 95% CI of OR=2.7-299, P=0.005) and use of breast milk (adjusted OR=0.09, 95% CI of OR=0.02-0.56, P=0.01) were significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Breast milk usage was significantly associated with decreased occurrence of @entity3166 in our comparison of @entity3166 , @entity3257 and non-NEC @entity1 . Although there were some differences, the majority of demographic and clinical variables assessed were not shown to be significantly different between cases and controls. This highlights the need for more biological data in assessing risk of developing @entity3166 .

title: Risk factors for XXXX : a case-control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis totalis', 'NEC-T']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal (GI) malformations']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['NEC non-totalis', 'NEC non-T']

answer: @entity3166 :: (MESH:D020345,Disease) :: ['necrotizing enterocolitis totalis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: International medical organizations such as the American Society of Medical Oncology recommend early palliative care as the "gold standard" for palliative care in @entity1 with @entity5 . Nevertheless, even in @entity5 , early palliative care is not yet routine practice. The main goal of the @entity26467 project is to evaluate whether early palliative care can be implemented-in the sense of "putting evidence into practice"-into the everyday clinical practice of @entity5 . In addition, we are interested in (1) describing the type of support that @entity1 would like from palliative care, (2) gaining information about the effect of palliative care on @entity1 ' quality of life, and (3) understanding the economic burden of palliative care on @entity1 and their families. METHODS/DESIGN: The @entity26467 project is a multi-center, prospective cohort study with a sequential control group design. The study is a project of the Palliative Care Center of Excellence (KOMPACT) in Baden-W  rttemberg, Germany, which was recently established to combine the expertise of five academic, specialist palliative care departments. The study is divided into two phases: preliminary phase (months 1-9) and main study phase (months 10-18). In each of all five participating academic @entity5 , an experienced palliative care physician will be hired for 18 months. During the preliminary phase, the physician will be allowed time to establish the necessary structures for early palliative care within the @entity5 Center. In the main study phase, @entity1 with @entity5 will be offered a consultation with the palliative care physician within eight weeks of diagnosis. After the initial consultation, follow-up consultations will be offered as needed. The study is built upon a convergent parallel design. In the quantitative arm, @entity1 will be surveyed in both the preliminary and main study phase at three points in time (baseline, 12 weeks, 24 weeks). Standardized questionnaires will be used to measure @entity1 ' quality of life, symptom burden and mood. Using interviews with palliative care physicians, oncologists, department heads, @entity1 and their caregivers, the qualitative arm will explore (1) what factors encourage and hinder the early integration of palliative care into standard oncology care, (2) what support @entity1 and their caregivers would like from palliative care, and (3) what effect palliative care has on the economic disease burden of @entity1 and their families. DISCUSSION: The study proposed is meant to serve as a catalyzer. Local palliative care teams should be put in position to routinely cooperate with the primary treating department at their respective @entity5 center. The long-term goal of this project is to create sustainable improvements in the care of @entity1 with incurable @entity5 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: DRKS00006162 ; date of registration: 19/05/2014.

title: Early Palliative Care-Health services research and implementation of sustainable changes: the study protocol of the XXXX project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Comprehensive Cancer Centers', 'cancer', 'metastatic cancer', 'advanced cancer', 'Comprehensive Cancer']

answer: @entity26467 :: (79971,Gene) :: ['EVI']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Randomized clinical trial (RCT) data reviewed for outcomes and processes associated with @entity565 educational and behavioral interventions provided by different types of health professionals. METHODS: Cochrane Collaboration, MEDLINE, PUBMED, Google Scholar search from 1998 to 2009 identified 1650 articles regarding @entity565 educational and behavioral interventions resulting in 249 potential studies and following assessment produced a final sample of 50 RCTs. RESULTS: Approaches, intended outcomes, and program providers vary greatly. No rationale provided in study reports for the selection of specific outcomes, program providers, or program components. Health care utilization and symptom control have been the most common outcomes assessed. Specific providers favor particular teaching approaches. Multidisciplinary teams have been the most frequent providers of @entity565 interventions. Physician-led interventions were most successful for outcomes related to the use of health care. Multidisciplinary teams were best in achieving symptom reduction and quality of life. Lay @entity1 were best in achieving self-management/self-efficacy outcomes. Components most frequently employed in successful programs are skills to improve @entity1 -clinician communication and education to enhance @entity1 self-management. Fifty percent of interventions achieved reduction in the use of health care and one-third in symptom control. A combination approach including self-management and @entity1 -clinician communication involving multidisciplinary team members may have the greatest effect on most outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The extent to which and how different providers achieve @entity565 outcomes through educational and behavioral interventions is emerging from recent studies. Health care use and symptom control are evolving as the gold standard for intervention outcomes. Development of self-management and clinician- @entity1 communication skills are program components associated with success across outcomes and providers.

title: Educational and behavioral interventions for XXXX : who achieves which outcomes? A systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['persons', 'patient']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In temperate and sub-tropical regions of Asia and Latin America, complicated @entity311 manifested as @entity409 or @entity8 is seen in all age groups. There has been a concerted focus on understanding the patho-physiological and molecular basis of complicated @entity311 in @entity1 , much less is known about it in adults. We report here, the analysis of data from a custom, cross strain microarray (Agilent Platform) using material from adult @entity1 samples, showing @entity409 or @entity177 . These are the most common manifestations seen in adults along with @entity6197 . The data has been analyzed with reference to variant surface antigens, encoded by the var, rifin and stevor gene families. The differential regulation profiles of key genes (comparison between @entity3964 complicated and uncomplicated isolates) have been observed. The exportome has been analyzed using similar parameters. Gene ontology term based functional enrichment of differentially regulated genes identified, up-regulated genes statistically enriched (P<0.05) to critical biological processes like generation of precursor metabolite and energy, chromosome organization and electron transport chain. Systems network based functional enrichment of overall differentially regulated genes yielded a similar result. We are reporting here, up-regulation of var group B and C genes whose proteins are predicted to interact with @entity4210 receptor in the host, the up-regulation of domain cassette 13 (DC13) containing var group A, as also the up-regulation of group A rifins and many of the stevors. This is contrary to most other reports from pediatric @entity1 , with @entity6197 where the up-regulation of mostly var A group genes have been seen. A protein-protein interaction based network has been created and analysis performed. This co-expression and text mining based network has shown overall connectivity between the variant surface antigens (VSA) and the exportome. The up-regulation of var group B and C genes encoding PfEMP1 with different domain architecture would be important for deciding strategies for disease prevention.

title: XXXX complicated @entity311 : Modulation and connectivity between exportome and variant surface antigen gene families.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity6197 :: ('MESH:D016779', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral malaria']

answer: @entity3964 :: (5833,Species) :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In temperate and sub-tropical regions of Asia and Latin America, complicated @entity311 manifested as @entity409 or @entity8 is seen in all age groups. There has been a concerted focus on understanding the patho-physiological and molecular basis of complicated @entity311 in @entity1 , much less is known about it in adults. We report here, the analysis of data from a custom, cross strain microarray (Agilent Platform) using material from adult @entity1 samples, showing @entity409 or @entity177 . These are the most common manifestations seen in adults along with @entity6197 . The data has been analyzed with reference to variant surface antigens, encoded by the var, rifin and stevor gene families. The differential regulation profiles of key genes (comparison between @entity3964 complicated and uncomplicated isolates) have been observed. The exportome has been analyzed using similar parameters. Gene ontology term based functional enrichment of differentially regulated genes identified, up-regulated genes statistically enriched (P<0.05) to critical biological processes like generation of precursor metabolite and energy, chromosome organization and electron transport chain. Systems network based functional enrichment of overall differentially regulated genes yielded a similar result. We are reporting here, up-regulation of var group B and C genes whose proteins are predicted to interact with @entity4210 receptor in the host, the up-regulation of domain cassette 13 (DC13) containing var group A, as also the up-regulation of group A rifins and many of the stevors. This is contrary to most other reports from pediatric @entity1 , with @entity6197 where the up-regulation of mostly var A group genes have been seen. A protein-protein interaction based network has been created and analysis performed. This co-expression and text mining based network has shown overall connectivity between the variant surface antigens (VSA) and the exportome. The up-regulation of var group B and C genes encoding PfEMP1 with different domain architecture would be important for deciding strategies for disease prevention.

title: @entity3964 complicated XXXX : Modulation and connectivity between exportome and variant surface antigen gene families.

answer: @entity311 :: (MESH:D008288,Disease) :: ['malaria']


abstract: Multi-gene panels are used to identify genetic causes of @entity5344 ( @entity5344 ) in large @entity1 cohorts. This study compares the diagnostic workflow in two centers and gives valuable insights into different next-generation sequencing (NGS) strategies. Moreover, we present data from 620 @entity1 sequenced at both centers. Both sequencing centers are part of the German consortium for @entity5344 (GC- @entity5344 ). All 620 @entity1 included in this study were selected following standard @entity5345 /2 testing guidelines. A set of 10 sequenced genes was analyzed per @entity1 . Twelve samples were exchanged and sequenced at both centers. NGS results were highly concordant in 12 exchanged samples (205/206 variants = 99.51 %). One non-pathogenic variant was missed at center B due to a sequencing gap (no technical coverage). The custom enrichment at center B was optimized during this study; for example, the average number of missing bases was reduced by a factor of four (vers. 1: 1939.41, vers. 4: 506.01 bp). There were no sequencing gaps at center A, but four CCDS exons were not included in the enrichment. Pathogenic mutations were found in 12.10 % (75/620) of all @entity1 : 4.84 % (30/620) in @entity5345 , 4.35 % in @entity2674 (27/620), 0.97 % in @entity9516 (6/620), 0.65 % in ATM (4/620), 0.48 % in @entity5962 (3/620), 0.32 % in @entity9517 (2/620), 0.32 % in NBN (2/620), and 0.16 % in @entity876 (1/620). NGS diagnostics for @entity5344 -related genes is robust, cost effective, and the method of choice for genetic testing in large cohorts. Adding 8 genes to standard @entity5345 - and @entity2674 -testing increased the mutation detection rate by one-third.

title: XXXX multi-gene panel testing: comparison of two sequencing centers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary breast and ovarian cancer', 'HBOC']

answer: @entity5344 :: (MESH:D061325,Disease) :: ['HBOC']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity717 after the clipping for an @entity439 are rare. The information on the pathogenesis and treatment options for this condition is largely unknown. CASE DESCRIPTION: An 82-year-old female with no @entity51 underwent a clipping for a @entity438 . Immediately after surgery, she presented with hemichorea-hemiballismus (HC-HB) on the left side. Postoperative angiograms and single-photon emission computed tomography demonstrated the hyperperfusion in the right frontal cortex and the decreased perfusion in the basal ganglia, indicating that the abrupt hemodynamic changes due to the obliteration of the @entity439 caused the dysfunction of the frontal cortical and subcortical pathway and the basal ganglia. Administration of @entity38857 was dramatically effective in controlling the HC-HB until the hyperperfusion resolved. Single-photon emission computed tomography obtained 8 weeks after surgery revealed that the cerebral blood flow had been normalized in the right frontal cortex. The relative hypoperfusion of the right basal ganglia was also resolved. Then @entity38857 was discontinued without a relapse of HC-HB. CONCLUSION: This case appears consistent with the theory that the connecting fibers responsible for the development of HC-HB are also located in the frontal lobe. The treatment of @entity439 involving the M1 portion can cause abrupt hemodynamic changes in both frontal cortex and the basal ganglia, which can potentially induce postoperative @entity717 .

title: Hemichorea-hemiballismus caused by postoperative hyperperfusion after clipping of a giant unruptured XXXX .

entities_list: @entity38857 :: ('MESH:D063325', 'Chemical') :: ['tiapride hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['giant aneurysms', 'giant aneurysm', 'unruptured giant aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders', 'Movement disorders']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['giant middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['middle cerebral artery aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is difficult to intraoperatively confirm the total disappearance of arteriovenous (AV) shunts during surgery for microarteriovenous @entity600 (micro-AVMs), especially when the nidus is extremely small or diffuse on preoperative angiography. Although intraoperative angiography is effective for evaluating residual shunts, procedure-related risks raise important concerns. The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of intraoperative @entity3194 -based videoangiography (ICG-VA) to determine complete disappearance of micro-AVMs during surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed eight @entity1 with ruptured micro-AVMs who were treated using craniotomy with ICG-VA at our institution. RESULTS: Two @entity1 underwent emergency partial evacuation of @entity1410 and external decompression before the diagnostic angiography. While three @entity1 had a nidus smaller than 1 cm, five @entity1 had only early draining veins without an appreciable nidus. The draining veins were superficial in six cases and deep in two cases. The average interval from onset to surgery was 33 days (range, 2-57). ICG-VA was repetitively conducted until disappearance of the AV shunt was confirmed. No residual AV shunt was observed on postoperative radiological examinations. In all cases, the diagnosis of @entity7026 was confirmed from the results of postoperative pathological examination. CONCLUSIONS: ICG-VA could detect early draining veins more clearly in situ than diagnostic angiography. Although it is not as effective for visualizing lesions with deep draining veins, repetitive ICG-VA was safe and effective for confirming the disappearance of AV shunts with superficial drainage.

title: Usefulness of repetitive intraoperative @entity3194 -based videoangiography to confirm complete obliteration of micro-arteriovenous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3194 :: ('MESH:D007208', 'Chemical') :: ['indocyanine green']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['malformations']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is difficult to intraoperatively confirm the total disappearance of arteriovenous (AV) shunts during surgery for microarteriovenous @entity600 (micro-AVMs), especially when the nidus is extremely small or diffuse on preoperative angiography. Although intraoperative angiography is effective for evaluating residual shunts, procedure-related risks raise important concerns. The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of intraoperative @entity3194 -based videoangiography (ICG-VA) to determine complete disappearance of micro-AVMs during surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed eight @entity1 with ruptured micro-AVMs who were treated using craniotomy with ICG-VA at our institution. RESULTS: Two @entity1 underwent emergency partial evacuation of @entity1410 and external decompression before the diagnostic angiography. While three @entity1 had a nidus smaller than 1 cm, five @entity1 had only early draining veins without an appreciable nidus. The draining veins were superficial in six cases and deep in two cases. The average interval from onset to surgery was 33 days (range, 2-57). ICG-VA was repetitively conducted until disappearance of the AV shunt was confirmed. No residual AV shunt was observed on postoperative radiological examinations. In all cases, the diagnosis of @entity7026 was confirmed from the results of postoperative pathological examination. CONCLUSIONS: ICG-VA could detect early draining veins more clearly in situ than diagnostic angiography. Although it is not as effective for visualizing lesions with deep draining veins, repetitive ICG-VA was safe and effective for confirming the disappearance of AV shunts with superficial drainage.

title: Usefulness of repetitive intraoperative XXXX -based videoangiography to confirm complete obliteration of micro-arteriovenous @entity600 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity3194 :: (MESH:D007208,Chemical) :: ['indocyanine green']


abstract: Candida spp. can lead to @entity281 or even @entity364 particularly among immunocompromised individuals. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to analyze the presence of Candida spp. among @entity1 subjected to orthotopic heart transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Oral rinses from 50 @entity1 subjected to orthotopic heart transplantation, aged 13 to 70 years, 40 males and 10 females, were examined. Sex-age-oral conditions matched-control included 50 individuals who were not subjected to any kind of transplantation and were not immunocompromised for any other reason. Counts of @entity375 were expressed as median values of logarithm of cfu/mL and were statistically compared by Mann-Whitney's test. The heart transplant and control groups were compared for the presence of Candida spp. by chi-square test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The results showed statistically significant difference (p=0.001) in the prevalence of Candida spp. between the transplantation and control groups. Counts of @entity375 (cfu/mL) in the transplanted group were significantly higher than in the control group (p=0.005). @entity5132 was the most prevalent species isolated from both groups. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that Candida @entity375 counts were higher in the heart transplant recipients than in the controls. There was higher variation of Candida species among the heart transplant @entity1 and the most frequently isolated samples were: @entity5132 , @entity7408 and @entity9841 . Isolates of @entity18873 was not found in either of the groups.

title: Presence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of heart transplantation XXXX .

entities_list: @entity9841 :: ('5482', 'Species') :: ['Candida tropicalis']

entities_list: @entity18873 :: ('42374', 'Species') :: ['Candida dubliniensis']

entities_list: @entity7408 :: ('5478', 'Species') :: ['Candida glabrata']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal sepsis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: To compare clinical and laboratory findings between @entity1 with @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) versus secondary @entity12009 due to @entity4789 ( @entity12009 ) (according to Jones criteria). Seventy-three @entity12009 @entity1 (Sapporo criteria) were enrolled, and demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Exclusion criteria were @entity4297 and previous @entity166 . @entity1 were divided into two groups: @entity1701 (n  =  68) and @entity12009 (n  =  5). The mean current age, disease duration, frequencies of female gender, and Caucasian race were similar in @entity12009 and @entity1701 @entity1 (P  >  0.05). Remarkably, the frequency of @entity64 was significantly higher in @entity12009 compared to @entity1701 @entity1 (80% vs. 25%, P  =  0.02). Of note, echocardiogram of these @entity1 did not show @entity715 . No significant differences were found in peripheral @entity1031 events (P  =  1.0), @entity1151 (P  =  1.0), @entity2208 (P  =  0.16), @entity882 (P  =  0.36), arterial events (P  =  0.58), and @entity715 of small vessels (P  =  1.0). There were no differences in the frequencies of comorbidities such as @entity6 , @entity101 , smoking, and @entity407 in both groups (P  >  0.05). The frequencies of @entity4555 , IgG, and IgM anticardiolipin were similar in two groups. @entity12009 @entity1 associated with @entity4789 without @entity884 may imply a high @entity64 risk as compared with @entity1701 , and future studies are needed to confirm this finding.

title: @entity1701 plus @entity4789 : a higher risk factor for XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4789 :: ('MESH:D012213', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic fever']

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['miscarriage']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['PAPS', 'primary antiphospholipid syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['lupus anticoagulant']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'intracardiac thrombus']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['heart congenital abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['infective endocarditis']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: To compare clinical and laboratory findings between @entity1 with @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) versus secondary @entity12009 due to @entity4789 ( @entity12009 ) (according to Jones criteria). Seventy-three @entity12009 @entity1 (Sapporo criteria) were enrolled, and demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Exclusion criteria were @entity4297 and previous @entity166 . @entity1 were divided into two groups: @entity1701 (n  =  68) and @entity12009 (n  =  5). The mean current age, disease duration, frequencies of female gender, and Caucasian race were similar in @entity12009 and @entity1701 @entity1 (P  >  0.05). Remarkably, the frequency of @entity64 was significantly higher in @entity12009 compared to @entity1701 @entity1 (80% vs. 25%, P  =  0.02). Of note, echocardiogram of these @entity1 did not show @entity715 . No significant differences were found in peripheral @entity1031 events (P  =  1.0), @entity1151 (P  =  1.0), @entity2208 (P  =  0.16), @entity882 (P  =  0.36), arterial events (P  =  0.58), and @entity715 of small vessels (P  =  1.0). There were no differences in the frequencies of comorbidities such as @entity6 , @entity101 , smoking, and @entity407 in both groups (P  >  0.05). The frequencies of @entity4555 , IgG, and IgM anticardiolipin were similar in two groups. @entity12009 @entity1 associated with @entity4789 without @entity884 may imply a high @entity64 risk as compared with @entity1701 , and future studies are needed to confirm this finding.

title: XXXX plus @entity4789 : a higher risk factor for @entity64 ?

answer: @entity1701 :: (MESH:D016736,Disease) :: ['Antiphospholipid syndrome']


abstract: To compare clinical and laboratory findings between @entity1 with @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) versus secondary @entity12009 due to @entity4789 ( @entity12009 ) (according to Jones criteria). Seventy-three @entity12009 @entity1 (Sapporo criteria) were enrolled, and demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Exclusion criteria were @entity4297 and previous @entity166 . @entity1 were divided into two groups: @entity1701 (n  =  68) and @entity12009 (n  =  5). The mean current age, disease duration, frequencies of female gender, and Caucasian race were similar in @entity12009 and @entity1701 @entity1 (P  >  0.05). Remarkably, the frequency of @entity64 was significantly higher in @entity12009 compared to @entity1701 @entity1 (80% vs. 25%, P  =  0.02). Of note, echocardiogram of these @entity1 did not show @entity715 . No significant differences were found in peripheral @entity1031 events (P  =  1.0), @entity1151 (P  =  1.0), @entity2208 (P  =  0.16), @entity882 (P  =  0.36), arterial events (P  =  0.58), and @entity715 of small vessels (P  =  1.0). There were no differences in the frequencies of comorbidities such as @entity6 , @entity101 , smoking, and @entity407 in both groups (P  >  0.05). The frequencies of @entity4555 , IgG, and IgM anticardiolipin were similar in two groups. @entity12009 @entity1 associated with @entity4789 without @entity884 may imply a high @entity64 risk as compared with @entity1701 , and future studies are needed to confirm this finding.

title: @entity1701 plus XXXX : a higher risk factor for @entity64 ?

answer: @entity4789 :: (MESH:D012213,Disease) :: ['rheumatic fever']


abstract: Telomerase mutations and significantly shortened chromosomal @entity10205 have recently been implicated in @entity1 lung pathologies. Natural telomere @entity3207 is an inevitable consequence of aging, which is also a risk factor for development of @entity358 . However, the impact of shortened @entity409 on the ability of lung cells to respond to significant challenge is still largely unknown. We have previously shown that lungs of late generation, telomerase null B6.Cg- @entity21324 (tm1Rdp) @entity19 feature alveolar simplification and chronic stress signaling at baseline, a phenocopy of aged lung. To determine the role telomerase plays when the lung is challenged, B6.Cg- @entity21324 (tm1Rdp) @entity19 carrying shortened @entity10205 and wild-type controls were subjected to partial pneumonectomy. We found that telomerase activity was strongly induced in alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2) of the remaining lung immediately following surgery. Eighty-six percent of wild-type animals survived the procedure and exhibited a burst of early compensatory growth marked by upregulation of proliferation, stress response, and DNA repair pathways in AEC2. In B6.Cg- @entity21324 (tm1Rdp) @entity19 carrying shortened @entity10205 , response to pneumonectomy was characterized by decreased survival, diminished compensatory lung growth, attenuated distal lung progenitor cell response, persistent DNA damage, and cell growth arrest. Overall, survival correlated strongly with telomere length. We conclude that functional telomerase and properly maintained @entity10205 play key roles in both long-term survival and the early phase of compensatory lung growth following partial pneumonectomy.

title: Partial pneumonectomy of telomerase null XXXX carrying shortened telomeres initiates cell growth arrest resulting in a limited compensatory growth response.

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['telomeres and telomerase dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: An important step in using culture to increase @entity14 screening is the development and use of a reliable and valid measure. Measurement items that work well are defined as those that use clear and simple language, do not result in significant missing data, do not yield unexpected frequencies or patterns of association, and capture an important component of the underlying construct. The authors' work to develop such a measure includes cognitive response testing. This article describes 41 African American @entity1 ' reactions to and processing of items that have been used in the public health literature to assess cultural attitudes believed to be relevant to @entity14 screening. @entity1 were asked to verbalize thoughts, feelings, interpretations, and ideas that came to mind while examining or responding to 10 to 11 survey items. The results of cognitive response testing suggest negative reactions to items addressing the fatalism construct, concerns about appearing racist when responding to discrimination and mistrust items, and resistance to phrasing or terminology that conveys negative attitudes or frames of reference. When items were framed in a positive way, @entity1 reported less frustration, @entity911 , and concern for how they would be perceived by others. The responses of older African Americans in this sample were consistent with research previously completed by Pasick et al.; @entity1 questioned the relevance of items related to cultural constructs to health and @entity5 preventive behaviors. Recommendations for the assessment and use of cultural constructs and items assessing constructs are provided.

title: Refining the use of XXXX -related cultural constructs with African Americans.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare RPE derived from @entity1 embryonic stem cells (hES-RPE) and fetal RPE (fRPE) behavior on @entity1 Bruch's membrane (BM) from aged and @entity13785 donors. METHODS: hES-RPE of 3 degrees of pigmentation and fRPE were cultured on BM explants. Explants were assessed by light, confocal, and scanning electron microscopy. Integrin mRNA levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction studies. Secreted proteins in media were analyzed by multiplex protein analysis after 48-hour exposure at culture day 21. RESULTS: hES-RPE showed impaired initial attachment compared to fRPE; pigmented hES-RPE showed nuclear densities similar to fRPE at day 21. At days 3 and 7, hES-RPE resurfaced BM to a limited degree, showed little proliferation (Ki-67), and partial retention of RPE markers ( @entity3060 , cytokeratin, and @entity21107 ). TUNEL-positive nuclei were abundant at day 3. fRPE exhibited substantial BM resurfacing at day 3 with decreased resurfacing at later times. Most fRPE retained RPE markers. Ki-67-positive nuclei decreased with time in culture. TUNEL staining was variable. Increased integrin mRNA expression did not appear to affect cell survival at day 21. hES-RPE and fRPE protein secretion was similar on equatorial BM except for higher levels of nerve growth factor and @entity18180 ( @entity18180 ) by hES-RPE. On submacular BM, fRPE secreted more @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity2252 , and platelet-derived growth factor; hES-RPE secreted more @entity18180 . CONCLUSIONS: Although pigmented hES-RPE and fRPE resurfaced aged and @entity13785 BM to a similar, limited degree at day 21, cell behavior at earlier times was markedly dissimilar. Differences in protein secretion may indicate that hES-RPE may not function identically to native RPE after seeding on aged or @entity13785 BM.

title: Comparison of FRPE and XXXX embryonic stem cell-derived RPE behavior on aged @entity1 Bruch's membrane.

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['brain-derived neurotrophic factor']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare RPE derived from @entity1 embryonic stem cells (hES-RPE) and fetal RPE (fRPE) behavior on @entity1 Bruch's membrane (BM) from aged and @entity13785 donors. METHODS: hES-RPE of 3 degrees of pigmentation and fRPE were cultured on BM explants. Explants were assessed by light, confocal, and scanning electron microscopy. Integrin mRNA levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction studies. Secreted proteins in media were analyzed by multiplex protein analysis after 48-hour exposure at culture day 21. RESULTS: hES-RPE showed impaired initial attachment compared to fRPE; pigmented hES-RPE showed nuclear densities similar to fRPE at day 21. At days 3 and 7, hES-RPE resurfaced BM to a limited degree, showed little proliferation (Ki-67), and partial retention of RPE markers ( @entity3060 , cytokeratin, and @entity21107 ). TUNEL-positive nuclei were abundant at day 3. fRPE exhibited substantial BM resurfacing at day 3 with decreased resurfacing at later times. Most fRPE retained RPE markers. Ki-67-positive nuclei decreased with time in culture. TUNEL staining was variable. Increased integrin mRNA expression did not appear to affect cell survival at day 21. hES-RPE and fRPE protein secretion was similar on equatorial BM except for higher levels of nerve growth factor and @entity18180 ( @entity18180 ) by hES-RPE. On submacular BM, fRPE secreted more @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity2252 , and platelet-derived growth factor; hES-RPE secreted more @entity18180 . CONCLUSIONS: Although pigmented hES-RPE and fRPE resurfaced aged and @entity13785 BM to a similar, limited degree at day 21, cell behavior at earlier times was markedly dissimilar. Differences in protein secretion may indicate that hES-RPE may not function identically to native RPE after seeding on aged or @entity13785 BM.

title: Comparison of FRPE and @entity1 embryonic stem cell-derived RPE behavior on aged XXXX Bruch's membrane.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The E4 allele of the @entity6970 ( @entity6970 ) gene has been identified as a major risk factor for the development of late onset @entity195 ( @entity195 ). However, the mechanisms by which this gene affects @entity195 are not fully understood. Studies of @entity6970 knock-out ( @entity6970 KO) @entity19 have revealed an exacerbation of two major pathologies that are diagnostic of @entity195 : neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. However, evidence as to whether these @entity19 have @entity73 is not yet conclusive. This ambiguity may arise partly from confounds associated with reliance on limited memory models, primarily, the Morris water maze task. An 8-arm radial maze task was therefore used to measure spatial memory in the @entity6970 KO @entity19 , compared to controls over time. Furthermore, the effectiveness of a combination antioxidant therapy (CAT), designed to slow down the progression of @entity195 based on concepts of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes underlying the pathology, was tested on memory ability. A significant strain difference was observed with the @entity6970 KO @entity19 performing better than controls in terms of reference memory and corrects entries. No significant strain difference was observed for performance in terms of working @entity2414 . No significant effect of the CAT supplementation was observed.

title: Memory function in a @entity19 genetic model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory errors']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: The E4 allele of the @entity6970 ( @entity6970 ) gene has been identified as a major risk factor for the development of late onset @entity195 ( @entity195 ). However, the mechanisms by which this gene affects @entity195 are not fully understood. Studies of @entity6970 knock-out ( @entity6970 KO) @entity19 have revealed an exacerbation of two major pathologies that are diagnostic of @entity195 : neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. However, evidence as to whether these @entity19 have @entity73 is not yet conclusive. This ambiguity may arise partly from confounds associated with reliance on limited memory models, primarily, the Morris water maze task. An 8-arm radial maze task was therefore used to measure spatial memory in the @entity6970 KO @entity19 , compared to controls over time. Furthermore, the effectiveness of a combination antioxidant therapy (CAT), designed to slow down the progression of @entity195 based on concepts of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes underlying the pathology, was tested on memory ability. A significant strain difference was observed with the @entity6970 KO @entity19 performing better than controls in terms of reference memory and corrects entries. No significant strain difference was observed for performance in terms of working @entity2414 . No significant effect of the CAT supplementation was observed.

title: Memory function in a XXXX genetic model of @entity195 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: @entity4502 is primarily a pneumonic process caused by Legionella pneumophilia, a gram-negative aerobic bacillus but also has multiple system involvement. The most common manifestation is @entity75 suggesting a generalized @entity75 but focal neurological manifestations have been reported. We report a @entity1 with @entity55 associated with @entity76 and unilateral @entity425 . 51-year-old previously healthy male presented with @entity1353 , cough, slurred speech, and unsteadiness on feet associated with malaise, fevers and @entity925 . @entity1 's family reported facial asymmetry for 2 days. @entity1 had no significant medical history and was not on any medication. He denied smoking, @entity167 or illicit drug use. Chest X-ray showed bilateral lower lobe infiltrates. Urinary antigen assay for Legionella pneumophilia serogroup 1 was positive. @entity1 was started on intravenous @entity3477 . On day 5 the @entity1 was discharged home and continued oral @entity3477 for two weeks. After the two weeks, his respiratory symptoms, @entity11583 and @entity4653 resolved. We report the first case of @entity4502 with @entity76 and @entity129 . @entity4502 should be considered in @entity1 with any @entity16 in the setting of @entity55 . Failure to recognize and treat the @entity281 may lead to poor outcomes.

title: XXXX with facial nerve palsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['seventh nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity4502 :: ('MESH:D007877', 'Disease') :: ["Legionnaires' disease"]

entities_list: @entity3477 :: ('MESH:C104727', 'Chemical') :: ['moxifloxacin']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['Legionella pneumonia', 'pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy', 'brain dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['shortness of breath']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve weakness']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['myalgias']

entities_list: @entity11583 :: ('MESH:D020234', 'Disease') :: ['gait ataxia']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity4502 :: (MESH:D007877,Disease) :: ['Legionnaires' disease']


abstract: Endoscopic @entity384 (EPBD) is an alternative method of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). Although concerns regarding post-procedure @entity788 have been expressed, EPBD has come to be recognized as an effective and safe method for stone removal in specific cases. To analyze the proper indications, ideal methods, complications, and long-term follow-up results for EPBD, we reviewed articles about EPBD located through a search of the PubMed data base. We analyzed the ballooning methods, indications, results and complications of EPBD among the articles found and compared the results with those of EST. We considered the authors' own clinical experience and knowledge in developing recommendations for EPBD. EPBD showed similar efficacy and safety for the removal of @entity2877 to that of EST. Although large or multiple stones were difficult to remove by EPBD, it was safer and easier to apply in @entity1 with @entity1003 or abnormal anatomy. To prevent severe @entity788 , @entity661 should be avoided, and precut sphincterotomy or adjuvant prophylaxis should be considered. Due to its preservation of the sphincter of Oddi, EPBD is expected to have fewer long-term complications, such as stone recurrence, @entity255 and @entity2679 . In conclusion, EPBD appears to be safe and effective for the treatment of @entity2877 with proper selection of ballooning methods and @entity1 .

title: Endoscopic @entity384 for removal of XXXX : indications, advantages, complications, and long-term follow-up results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['papillary balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['excessive ballooning and impractical cannulation']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity2877 :: ('MESH:D042883', 'Disease') :: ['choledocholithiasis']

answer: @entity2877 :: (MESH:D042883,Disease) :: ['choledocholithiasis']


abstract: Endoscopic @entity384 (EPBD) is an alternative method of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). Although concerns regarding post-procedure @entity788 have been expressed, EPBD has come to be recognized as an effective and safe method for stone removal in specific cases. To analyze the proper indications, ideal methods, complications, and long-term follow-up results for EPBD, we reviewed articles about EPBD located through a search of the PubMed data base. We analyzed the ballooning methods, indications, results and complications of EPBD among the articles found and compared the results with those of EST. We considered the authors' own clinical experience and knowledge in developing recommendations for EPBD. EPBD showed similar efficacy and safety for the removal of @entity2877 to that of EST. Although large or multiple stones were difficult to remove by EPBD, it was safer and easier to apply in @entity1 with @entity1003 or abnormal anatomy. To prevent severe @entity788 , @entity661 should be avoided, and precut sphincterotomy or adjuvant prophylaxis should be considered. Due to its preservation of the sphincter of Oddi, EPBD is expected to have fewer long-term complications, such as stone recurrence, @entity255 and @entity2679 . In conclusion, EPBD appears to be safe and effective for the treatment of @entity2877 with proper selection of ballooning methods and @entity1 .

title: Endoscopic XXXX for removal of @entity2877 : indications, advantages, complications, and long-term follow-up results.

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['papillary balloon dilation']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the association between @entity936 ( @entity936 ) and serum levels of @entity4155 in @entity1 with systemic immune-mediated diseases. METHODS: @entity4155 and @entity4452 levels were measured in the sera of @entity1 whose tear production was <5 mm on the Schirmer test. Subjects included @entity1 with @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ), @entity309 ( @entity309 ), @entity10632 ( @entity10632 ), @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ), and no @entity262 . Corneal/conjunctival @entity941 staining was scored and the correlation between the score and the @entity4155 level was evaluated. RESULTS: A strong correlation existed between @entity4155 level and the type of @entity262 . @entity4155 was significantly elevated in @entity1 with chronic @entity2132 compared to those with @entity309 and @entity10632 . @entity4155 was not detectable in @entity1 with @entity1252 or in those without @entity262 . @entity4452 was not detected in any of the subjects. @entity4155 was significantly increased in @entity1 with high @entity941 staining scores. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that @entity4155 is involved in the pathogenesis of @entity936 in @entity1 with systemic immune-mediated diseases.

title: Investigating the relationship between serum interleukin-17 levels and systemic immune-mediated disease in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'chronic graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity936 :: ('MESH:D015352', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye syndrome', 'DE']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity10632 :: ('MESH:D012859', 'Disease') :: ["Sjogren's syndrome", 'SS']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity936 :: (MESH:D015352,Disease) :: ['dry eye syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the association between @entity936 ( @entity936 ) and serum levels of @entity4155 in @entity1 with systemic immune-mediated diseases. METHODS: @entity4155 and @entity4452 levels were measured in the sera of @entity1 whose tear production was <5 mm on the Schirmer test. Subjects included @entity1 with @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ), @entity309 ( @entity309 ), @entity10632 ( @entity10632 ), @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ), and no @entity262 . Corneal/conjunctival @entity941 staining was scored and the correlation between the score and the @entity4155 level was evaluated. RESULTS: A strong correlation existed between @entity4155 level and the type of @entity262 . @entity4155 was significantly elevated in @entity1 with chronic @entity2132 compared to those with @entity309 and @entity10632 . @entity4155 was not detectable in @entity1 with @entity1252 or in those without @entity262 . @entity4452 was not detected in any of the subjects. @entity4155 was significantly increased in @entity1 with high @entity941 staining scores. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that @entity4155 is involved in the pathogenesis of @entity936 in @entity1 with systemic immune-mediated diseases.

title: Investigating the relationship between serum interleukin-17 levels and systemic immune-mediated disease in XXXX with @entity936 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The mainstay treatment for @entity18871 ( @entity18871 ) is complete excision. Surgical approach should allow maximal exposure of the @entity5 with minimum morbidity. One such possible approach is Lefort I maxillary osteotomy. OBJECTIVE: To review our experience on feasibility of @entity196 to achieve the best result and to look at the outcome in our series of @entity1 at a tertiary centre in India. METHOD: This prospective study involves 22 @entity1 with @entity18871 who have been treated by Lefort I approach between August 2006 and December 2007 at the Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India. RESULTS: All @entity1 underwent primary surgical resection through Lefort I approach. No major intra-operative and post-operative complications were noted except in one @entity1 where @entity1018 in one eye due to prior pre-operative orbital involvement. The mean follow-up period was 2.8 years. To date, there has been no cases of @entity5 or recurrence that can be attributed to the procedure except in one case. CONCLUSION: Our experience suggests that the @entity196 is a useful technique for the removal of extensive @entity18871 which has distinct advantages over traditional approaches, providing a more direct vision, improved exposure, and cosmesis.

title: Le Fort I access for juvenile XXXX ( @entity18871 ): a prospective series of 22 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['loss of vision']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity18871 :: ('MESH:D018322', 'Disease') :: ['Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma', 'JNA']

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['Lefort I osteotomy approach']

answer: @entity18871 :: (MESH:D018322,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal angiofibroma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The mainstay treatment for @entity18871 ( @entity18871 ) is complete excision. Surgical approach should allow maximal exposure of the @entity5 with minimum morbidity. One such possible approach is Lefort I maxillary osteotomy. OBJECTIVE: To review our experience on feasibility of @entity196 to achieve the best result and to look at the outcome in our series of @entity1 at a tertiary centre in India. METHOD: This prospective study involves 22 @entity1 with @entity18871 who have been treated by Lefort I approach between August 2006 and December 2007 at the Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India. RESULTS: All @entity1 underwent primary surgical resection through Lefort I approach. No major intra-operative and post-operative complications were noted except in one @entity1 where @entity1018 in one eye due to prior pre-operative orbital involvement. The mean follow-up period was 2.8 years. To date, there has been no cases of @entity5 or recurrence that can be attributed to the procedure except in one case. CONCLUSION: Our experience suggests that the @entity196 is a useful technique for the removal of extensive @entity18871 which has distinct advantages over traditional approaches, providing a more direct vision, improved exposure, and cosmesis.

title: Le Fort I access for juvenile @entity18871 ( XXXX ): a prospective series of 22 cases.

answer: @entity18871 :: (MESH:D018322,Disease) :: ['JNA']


abstract: The need for safe and effective topical treatments is underlined by several clinical trials over the years treating @entity272 with many and heterologous drugs, sometimes on a simple empirical basis. In a recent study Robinson and Kligman claimed to have obtained satisfactory results treating several cases of @entity2517 with an alternate regimen of @entity1968 and @entity1487 . We wish to report an open-label pilot study using a simple and readily accessible combination of commercially formulated and available agents as 0,05% @entity1968 cream and 5% @entity1487 cream over two groups of @entity1 . Treatment consisted of bid application of sparing amounts of an equal parts combination of @entity1968 and @entity1487 . The first group consisted of 7 @entity1 affected by @entity272 associated with an altered epidermal keratinization ( @entity2517 , @entity10272 , @entity24113 , phrynoderma and @entity8323 ). The @entity1 were followed up for a period of 15 to 60 days and, as it might be expected, the results were quite good. The second group, on the contrary, consisted of 6 @entity1 affected mainly by @entity272 involving the corium (LED, milium, colloid pseudomilium). The @entity1 were followed up for the same period of time as the first group was, but the results were much less rewarding. Only a partial resolution of the process, which was followed soon after by a relapse, was noted. Finally we believe that this modified regimen of equal parts of @entity1968 and @entity1487 has to be recommended in the topical treatment of the above mentioned @entity272 associated with an altered keratinization.

title: [ @entity1968 and XXXX mixture in the topical treatment of several @entity272 (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2517 :: ('MESH:D055623', 'Disease') :: ['actinic keratosis']

entities_list: @entity24113 :: ('MESH:D017492', 'Disease') :: ['seborrheic keratosis']

entities_list: @entity10272 :: ('MESH:D007644', 'Disease') :: ["Darier's disease"]

entities_list: @entity8323 :: ('MESH:D004819', 'Disease') :: ['epidermodysplasia verruciformis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['miscellaneous dermatosis', 'skin diseases', 'dermatosis']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoic acid']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-FU']


abstract: The need for safe and effective topical treatments is underlined by several clinical trials over the years treating @entity272 with many and heterologous drugs, sometimes on a simple empirical basis. In a recent study Robinson and Kligman claimed to have obtained satisfactory results treating several cases of @entity2517 with an alternate regimen of @entity1968 and @entity1487 . We wish to report an open-label pilot study using a simple and readily accessible combination of commercially formulated and available agents as 0,05% @entity1968 cream and 5% @entity1487 cream over two groups of @entity1 . Treatment consisted of bid application of sparing amounts of an equal parts combination of @entity1968 and @entity1487 . The first group consisted of 7 @entity1 affected by @entity272 associated with an altered epidermal keratinization ( @entity2517 , @entity10272 , @entity24113 , phrynoderma and @entity8323 ). The @entity1 were followed up for a period of 15 to 60 days and, as it might be expected, the results were quite good. The second group, on the contrary, consisted of 6 @entity1 affected mainly by @entity272 involving the corium (LED, milium, colloid pseudomilium). The @entity1 were followed up for the same period of time as the first group was, but the results were much less rewarding. Only a partial resolution of the process, which was followed soon after by a relapse, was noted. Finally we believe that this modified regimen of equal parts of @entity1968 and @entity1487 has to be recommended in the topical treatment of the above mentioned @entity272 associated with an altered keratinization.

title: [ @entity1968 and @entity1487 mixture in the topical treatment of several XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin diseases']


abstract: The need for safe and effective topical treatments is underlined by several clinical trials over the years treating @entity272 with many and heterologous drugs, sometimes on a simple empirical basis. In a recent study Robinson and Kligman claimed to have obtained satisfactory results treating several cases of @entity2517 with an alternate regimen of @entity1968 and @entity1487 . We wish to report an open-label pilot study using a simple and readily accessible combination of commercially formulated and available agents as 0,05% @entity1968 cream and 5% @entity1487 cream over two groups of @entity1 . Treatment consisted of bid application of sparing amounts of an equal parts combination of @entity1968 and @entity1487 . The first group consisted of 7 @entity1 affected by @entity272 associated with an altered epidermal keratinization ( @entity2517 , @entity10272 , @entity24113 , phrynoderma and @entity8323 ). The @entity1 were followed up for a period of 15 to 60 days and, as it might be expected, the results were quite good. The second group, on the contrary, consisted of 6 @entity1 affected mainly by @entity272 involving the corium (LED, milium, colloid pseudomilium). The @entity1 were followed up for the same period of time as the first group was, but the results were much less rewarding. Only a partial resolution of the process, which was followed soon after by a relapse, was noted. Finally we believe that this modified regimen of equal parts of @entity1968 and @entity1487 has to be recommended in the topical treatment of the above mentioned @entity272 associated with an altered keratinization.

title: [ XXXX and @entity1487 mixture in the topical treatment of several @entity272 (author's transl)].

answer: @entity1968 :: (MESH:D014212,Chemical) :: ['Retinoic acid']


abstract: 240 young doctors undergoing a residency programme in a medical school in India were individually interviewed for pattern and extent of @entity734 . @entity734 was operationally defined as "Indulgence in a drug with a frequency of at least once a month without medical prescription". Of the doctors 30.4% were categorised as drug abusers currently, 14.2% had used one or the other drug in the past, and 17.9% had never used any drug. A significantly higher level of abuse was observed among male doctors (37.1%) than female doctors (2.2%). @entity167 was most commonly abused (17.9%). Minor tranquilizers were abused by 17.5%. None of the doctors was abusing any substances on a daily basis. No hard drugs were abused. Common reasons for @entity167 intake were for the sake of company and curiosity. Minor tranquilizers and @entity889 were taken for their pharmacological effects.

title: XXXX among resident doctors.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity889 :: ('MESH:D000662', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamines']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse', 'Drug abuse']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['Drug abuse']


abstract: From a representative group from the adult population (34.958) of a town of 77.384 inhabitants, 99 @entity1 were selected who: a) claimed to be periodically dyspneic independently with respect to @entity1729 . b) had normal chest x-rays and normal PE flow values. Approximately one year later, a history of @entity66 was taken from 79 of them, and intradermal skin tests were performed with some @entity6766 . At this time, 15 @entity1 failed to report their previous complaints of @entity1353 . Only 5 @entity1 reported that various vegetables and pickles were responsible for their @entity110 or @entity484 . Only 2 @entity1 admitted various gastrointestinal symptoms, but non mentioned milk, eggs or cereals as possible causative agents of their bronchial, nasal, skin or circulatory symptoms. Distinctly positive immediate type skin reactions to the mixed milk and egg allergen were recorded in 19 @entity1 (24%), and to cereals in 11 @entity1 (14%). They all reacted strongly also to the house dust allergen, but they did not differ from all the remaining subjects in the intensity of their skin response to the control solution of @entity112 . @entity1 with positive skin reactions to cereals or dairy products complained of chronic or recurrent @entity2490 much more often than the others (73% and 63% compared with 35%). Forty-five (47%) of them had a positive personal history of @entity110 or @entity484 . These "food reactors" did not differ from "non reactors" in the frequency of the elevated serum @entity9416 level which was raised in 66% of the whole group (of 79). The results suggest that @entity566 to cereals and dairy products may often be underestimated in adult asthmatics especially when positive reactions to inhalants are also present. The problems of reliability of the skin tests and history taking in food @entity566 are briefly discussed.

title: XXXX to cereals and dairy products in adult, uncomplicated asthma: an epidemiological survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons', 'People']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['atopic diseases']

entities_list: @entity6766 :: ('MESH:D005517', 'Disease') :: ['inhalants and food allergens']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['Allergy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity201 complicated by intra-abdominal @entity765 ( @entity765 ) is uncommon. There are no reports on @entity1 with this type of @entity81 , in which the pre-operative treatment (including diagnosis), surgical approach, post-operative pathologic reports, and prognosis are discussed. METHOD: The clinicopathological features of a 49-year-old @entity1 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: @entity201 located in the inferior segment of the bile duct was considered pre-operatively on the basis of clinical findings. At the time of pancreaticoduodenectomy, the mesojejunum was stiff without nodules or a mass at a distance of approximately 80 cm from the ligament of Treitz. Complete excision of the entire lesion of the intestinal mesenteric contracture and its subsidiary was performed. Post-operative pathologic findings confirmed an @entity420 located at the extremity of the common bile duct and infiltrating the full thickness of the common bile duct as well as the deep muscular layer of the duodenum. The contracted jejunal mesentery was shown to have @entity765 . The @entity1 was alive with no evidence of recurrence after a follow-up of 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 had a rare @entity74 with intra-abdominal @entity765 , which manifests the characteristics of an aggressive growth pattern and a high rate of local recurrence; conservative therapy is recommended. Complete excision of the @entity75 during pancreaticoduodenectomy may maximally decrease the risk of local recurrence.

title: XXXX accompanied by @entity765 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['fibromatous lesion']

entities_list: @entity765 :: ('MESH:D018222', 'Disease') :: ['desmoid-type fibromatosis', 'DTF']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['Cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary disease']

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['fibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['Cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity201 complicated by intra-abdominal @entity765 ( @entity765 ) is uncommon. There are no reports on @entity1 with this type of @entity81 , in which the pre-operative treatment (including diagnosis), surgical approach, post-operative pathologic reports, and prognosis are discussed. METHOD: The clinicopathological features of a 49-year-old @entity1 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: @entity201 located in the inferior segment of the bile duct was considered pre-operatively on the basis of clinical findings. At the time of pancreaticoduodenectomy, the mesojejunum was stiff without nodules or a mass at a distance of approximately 80 cm from the ligament of Treitz. Complete excision of the entire lesion of the intestinal mesenteric contracture and its subsidiary was performed. Post-operative pathologic findings confirmed an @entity420 located at the extremity of the common bile duct and infiltrating the full thickness of the common bile duct as well as the deep muscular layer of the duodenum. The contracted jejunal mesentery was shown to have @entity765 . The @entity1 was alive with no evidence of recurrence after a follow-up of 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 had a rare @entity74 with intra-abdominal @entity765 , which manifests the characteristics of an aggressive growth pattern and a high rate of local recurrence; conservative therapy is recommended. Complete excision of the @entity75 during pancreaticoduodenectomy may maximally decrease the risk of local recurrence.

title: @entity201 accompanied by XXXX .

answer: @entity765 :: (MESH:D018222,Disease) :: ['desmoid-type fibromatosis']


abstract: A 30-year experience in the management of 283 consecutive @entity1 with acute @entity788 was reviewed. Of these injuries 224 were penetrating; 59 were from blunt @entity130 . Diagnosis was made by laparotomy in all @entity1 , although elevated serum amylase suggested this injury in 23 (56%) of 41 @entity1 with nonpenetrating injuries. Operative measures were initially involved with correction of associated injury when present (961 organ injuries in 278 @entity1 : 3.5 injuries per @entity1 ). During the earlier years, Penrose drains were placed to the site of injury. Significant @entity660 ( @entity292 in 13, @entity788 or @entity733 in six, pseudocyst in three) were noted in 19 (46%) of the 41 @entity1 so managed. Routine sump drainage dramatically reduced the incidence of @entity660 to 2% in the 198 @entity1 having external drainage alone. Distal resection was performed in 29 @entity1 , without later @entity3210 . Most disappointing were the results from Roux-en-Y internal drainage: @entity292 developed in five and lethal bacterial @entity788 in three of the seven @entity1 so treated. Five @entity1 died from exsanguination during exploration for major vascular @entity130 , and all three @entity1 undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy succumbed within 20 hours after operation. The overall mortality was 13.8%, with only seven deaths out of the last 100 @entity1 treated. Profound @entity548 and its complications (19), @entity788 (eight), and post-traumatic @entity1576 (three) accounted for 30 of the 39 fatalities.

title: Experiences in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'pancreatic trauma', 'suppurative pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic shock']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic complications']

entities_list: @entity3210 :: ('MESH:D010188', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic trauma']


abstract: Expeditious surgical management in serious @entity764 improves survival rates. However, guidelines for emergency thoracotomy that depend on the initial amount of @entity190 or continuing @entity190 are imprecise and frequently require a period of observation. In an attempt to improve prethoracotomy diagnosis emergency thoracoscopy was used in the operating room in 36 @entity1 who presented with hemothoraces. A diagnostic thoracoscope was inserted through the previously placed incisions for chest tubes. The procedure was well tolerated under local anesthesia and in most @entity1 took less than 15 minutes to complete. No complications resulted from thoracoscopy. When the information obtained did not indicate further operations, the thoracoscope was withdrawn and chest tubes were reinserted through the same incisions. The method provided anatomic definition of the injuries in 35 of 36 @entity1 and allowed the determination of whether @entity190 was continuing. Management was altered as a result of thoracoscopy in 16 @entity1 (44.4%). An unnecessary thoracotomy was avoided in 16 @entity1 who had greater than 1,500 ml of blood in the thoracic cavity on admission and allowed a more rapid thoracotomy in one @entity1 . Four @entity1 had wounds located close to the diaphragm and laparotomy was avoided when the diaphragm was found free of injury. Bleeding from lacerated intercostal vessels was stopped with diathermy during thoracoscopy in two of three @entity1 . In addition, 15 @entity1 had 200 ml or more of clotted blood removed. The usefulness of @entity4461 remains to be proved but it is hoped that the incidence of @entity3509 will be reduced. Emergency thoracoscopy has proved a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic measure in @entity1 sustaining penetrating @entity764 .

title: Emergency thoracoscopy: a logical approach to XXXX management.

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['chest trauma']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['removal of clotted blood']

answer: @entity764 :: (MESH:D013898,Disease) :: ['chest trauma']


abstract: @entity1 suffering from severe @entity2026 have to rely on non-verbal means of communication to convey a message. However, to date it is not clear which @entity1 are able to do so. Clinical experience indicates that some @entity1 use non-verbal communication strategies like gesturing very efficiently whereas others fail to transmit semantic content by non-verbal means. Concerns have been expressed that limb @entity1742 would affect the production of communicative gestures. Research investigating if and how @entity1742 influences the production of communicative gestures, led to contradictory outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of limb @entity1742 on spontaneous gesturing. Further, linguistic and non-verbal semantic processing abilities were explored as potential factors that might influence non-verbal expression in aphasic @entity1 . Twenty-four aphasic @entity1 with highly limited verbal output were asked to retell short video-clips. The narrations were videotaped. Gestural communication was analyzed in two ways. In the first part of the study, we used a form-based approach. Physiological and kinetic aspects of hand movements were transcribed with a notation system for sign languages. We determined the formal diversity of the hand gestures as an indicator of potential richness of the transmitted information. In the second part of the study, comprehensibility of the @entity1 ' gestural communication was evaluated by naive raters. The raters were familiarized with the model video-clips and shown the recordings of the @entity1 ' retelling without sound. They were asked to indicate, for each narration, which story was being told and which aspects of the stories they recognized. The results indicate that non-verbal faculties are the most important prerequisites for the production of hand gestures. Whereas results on standardized @entity2026 testing did not correlate with any gestural indices, non-verbal semantic processing abilities predicted the formal diversity of hand gestures while @entity1742 predicted the comprehensibility of gesturing.

title: Non-verbal communication in severe @entity2026 : influence of XXXX , @entity1742 , or semantic processing?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

answer: @entity2026 :: (MESH:D001037,Disease) :: ['aphasia']


abstract: @entity1 suffering from severe @entity2026 have to rely on non-verbal means of communication to convey a message. However, to date it is not clear which @entity1 are able to do so. Clinical experience indicates that some @entity1 use non-verbal communication strategies like gesturing very efficiently whereas others fail to transmit semantic content by non-verbal means. Concerns have been expressed that limb @entity1742 would affect the production of communicative gestures. Research investigating if and how @entity1742 influences the production of communicative gestures, led to contradictory outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of limb @entity1742 on spontaneous gesturing. Further, linguistic and non-verbal semantic processing abilities were explored as potential factors that might influence non-verbal expression in aphasic @entity1 . Twenty-four aphasic @entity1 with highly limited verbal output were asked to retell short video-clips. The narrations were videotaped. Gestural communication was analyzed in two ways. In the first part of the study, we used a form-based approach. Physiological and kinetic aspects of hand movements were transcribed with a notation system for sign languages. We determined the formal diversity of the hand gestures as an indicator of potential richness of the transmitted information. In the second part of the study, comprehensibility of the @entity1 ' gestural communication was evaluated by naive raters. The raters were familiarized with the model video-clips and shown the recordings of the @entity1 ' retelling without sound. They were asked to indicate, for each narration, which story was being told and which aspects of the stories they recognized. The results indicate that non-verbal faculties are the most important prerequisites for the production of hand gestures. Whereas results on standardized @entity2026 testing did not correlate with any gestural indices, non-verbal semantic processing abilities predicted the formal diversity of hand gestures while @entity1742 predicted the comprehensibility of gesturing.

title: Non-verbal communication in severe XXXX : influence of @entity2026 , @entity1742 , or semantic processing?

answer: @entity2026 :: (MESH:D001037,Disease) :: ['aphasia']