abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data regarding health consequences of @entity2598 among survivors. METHODS: We surveyed 105 @entity2598 survivors postdischarge from an Ebola treatment unit in Guinea using a standard data collection form. @entity1 rated recovery as the percentage of improvement in functional status, where 0% represents "unable to perform" and 100% represents "able to perform at prior level." RESULTS: The mean    standard deviation time interval between hospital discharge and administration of questionnaire was 103.5    47.9 days in 105 survivors. @entity448 was reported by 103 @entity1 , with varying severity levels: mild (n = 33), moderate (n = 65), or severe (n = 5). Reported @entity158 according to site was chest (30.7%), joint (86.7%), muscle (26.7%), and back (45.7%), among others. Recovery in functional status was graded as mild (10%-30%) (n = 2 [1.9%]), moderate (40%-70%) (n = 52 [50.0%]), and excellent (80%-100%) (n = 50 [48.1%]). Severity of @entity4841 (R(2) = 0.09; P = .008) was directly associated with lower recovery in functional status in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2598 survivors frequently reported @entity448 and @entity4841 . Severity of @entity4841 was related to lower functional recovery. There may be a role for focused screening and intervention for symptoms identified in this study of survivors.

title: Study of XXXX Survivors in Guinea.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2598 :: ('MESH:D019142', 'Disease') :: ['Ebola virus disease']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['Anorexia', 'anorexia']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

answer: @entity2598 :: (MESH:D019142,Disease) :: ['Ebola Virus Disease']


abstract: @entity455 ( @entity455 ) were introduced in the early 1990s with the goal of limiting the time, labor, bed rest, and @entity1 discomfort associated with manual compression (MC) for hemostasis after cardiovascular interventions. However, its advantage over MC has not been extensively studied after interventional procedures. The aim of this study was to do prospective, randomized study comparing the safety and efficacy of the @entity4917 ( @entity4917 ) to that of MC in @entity1 undergoing transfemoral coronary and peripheral vascular interventional procedure. A prospective, randomized trial was undertaken on consecutive series of @entity1 admitted to King Fahd Hospital of the University for transfemoral coronary and peripheral vascular interventional procedures over 1 year. The study was designed to compare the hemostasis time in minutes and the incidence of @entity455 in @entity1 receiving @entity4917 with those undergoing MC. All @entity1 were on antiplatelets and received heparin during the procedure. During the study period, 160 @entity1 were included, 80 in each group. There was a significant difference in mean time to hemostasis in minutes (15.83        1.63 minutes for MC and 0.42        0.04 minutes for the @entity4917 ; p   <   0.001), time to ambulation in minutes (280        15 for MC and 120 for @entity4917 ; p   =   0.04) and in minor complications (33.8% in MC vs. @entity4917 5%; p   <   0.001). However, the major complication rate did not significantly differ between the two groups (0% in @entity4917 vs. 2.5% in MC; p   =   0.15). @entity4917 was found to achieve rapid closure of the femoral access site safely in @entity1 undergoing coronary and peripheral vascular interventional procedures under antiplatelets and systemic heparinization.

title: Comparison of Angioseal and Manual Compression in XXXX Undergoing Transfemoral Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Interventional Procedures.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications', 'Vascular closure devices', 'VCDs']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The use of a limited incision for @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) repair was evaluated, and its outcome was analyzed in comparison to standard open repair. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between February 2000 and August 2001, 20 @entity1 with an @entity1028 underwent minimal incision repair (MINI) for tube graft implantation. The minimal skin incision was made after localization of @entity439 and aortic bifurcation by CT and DSA. For repair of the upper part of the @entity1028 the abdominal incision was retracted toward the head of the @entity1 who was in a jackknife @entity6227 position. Conversely, when the peripheral portion of the @entity1028 was treated, the abdominal incision was retracted caudally with the @entity1 in a flat or slightly bent @entity6227 position. The operation itself was performed using the standard conventional technique. The length of the abdominal incision was 10 cm. Clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcome of this procedure were compared to a group of @entity1 who underwent repair of @entity1028 by means of a standard open technique (OPEN). RESULTS: @entity1 age in the MINI and OPEN groups were similar (69 +/- 11 vs. 69 +/- 9 years). However, there were significant differences between the MINI and OPEN groups in the time for starting oral intake of food (2,4 +/- 1,2 vs. 7,4 +/- 5,5 postoperative days, p = 0,003), time for starting to walk outside the room (2,2 +/- 0,7 vs. 4,6 +/- 2,2 postoperative days, p = 0,01) and operation times (197 +/- 37 vs. 294 +/- 83 min, p = 0,0004). CONCLUSION: Minimal incision repair is technically feasible and combines the benefits of a minimal incision with those of conventional open repair, reducing @entity1 recovery time.

title: [Minimal incision XXXX repair].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity6227 :: ('MESH:D003668', 'Disease') :: ['decubitus']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm neck']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the diagnostic value of CT venography after CT angiography of the pulmonary arteries using multislice helical CT in the diagnosis of @entity1151 . METHODS: Between September 1999 and April 2001 252 @entity1 with clinically suspected @entity1151 were examined. CT angiography of the pulmonary arteries was followed by CT venography of the inferior vena cava, the iliac veins and the proximal femoral veins; after April 2000 the popliteal veins and the proximal lower leg veins were additionally investigated. The examinations were performed with a double detector and a multidetector scanner (Elscint Twin and GE Lightspeed). RESULTS: @entity1151 was found in 79/252 @entity1 (40 central and 39 @entity1347 ). In 38/40 @entity1 with central PE and in 22/39 @entity1 with @entity1347 in CT venography a @entity1150 was detected, in 1/79 @entity1 a doubled inferior vena cava could be found. In 5 @entity1 with @entity715 of the inferior vena cava a transjugular cava filter placement was performed. In 13/173 @entity1 without @entity1151 CT venography showed @entity1150 . CONCLUSION: CT venography of the lower extremities is a practical and efficient additional examination to CT angiography in clinical suspected @entity1151 . It can detect the causing @entity49 with a high sensitivity.

title: [CT Venography and CT Angiography of the Pulmonary Arteries in Acute XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['segmental/subsegmental PE']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary embolism', 'pulmonary embolism', 'acute pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary Embolism']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the pattern of dentofacial @entity130 in commercial motorcycle accidents among riders and passengers in Cameroon. METHODS: This was a hospital based study conducted in 6 out of 10 regional capitals in the months of December 2011 to September 2012. Analyzed information included age, gender, residence, role on the motorcycle (rider or passenger), type, pattern and month of injury, cost, duration and @entity1 's perception about the cost of treatment. RESULTS: A total of 387 @entity1 were studied with majority of the @entity1 being 21-30 years (39.8%), males (63.8%), passengers (57.3%) and urban dwellers (85.8%). Most of the @entity130 occurred in December (20.7%), January (19.4%) and February (20.2%). Soft tissue @entity130 were most frequent (91.2%) followed by @entity130 to the teeth (83.5%), of which 62.3% were @entity2524 . Mandibular fracture was commoner than maxillary fracture; (45% versus 25.3%). A total of 44.2% of @entity1 received their treatment as in- @entity1 . The treatment of the dentofacial @entity130 among 64.3% of the @entity1 lasted for more than a month. A total of 51.9% of the @entity1 spent 100,000 francs ( 200) or more for their treatment. More than half (51.4%) of the @entity1 perceived the cost of treatment as expensive. CONCLUSION: @entity130 in commercial motorcycle accidents necessitated hospital admission and lengthy treatment time with high attendant cost. Preventing these @entity130 will serves as a form of poverty reduction as money that will be used by the victim to better their life is not used to correct @entity85 .

title: XXXX in commercial motorcycle accidents in Cameroon: pattern and cost implication of care.

entities_list: @entity2524 :: ('MESH:D016388', 'Disease') :: ['tooth loss']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformities or treat injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'Dentofacial injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Dentofacial injuries']


abstract: Polycythemia Vera (PV) and @entity4407 ( @entity4407 ) are @entity102 complicated by a high incidence of @entity715 . Extensive coagulation studies failed to demonstrate a consistent pattern of abnormalities associated with @entity715 . Recently, a poor anticoagulant response to @entity10855 ( @entity10855 ), due to a mutation of factor V (FV Leiden), has been identified as the most frequent @entity74 associated with venous @entity49 . We investigated in 304 @entity1 with PV and @entity4407 whether the presence of FV Leiden could be a risk factor for @entity715 . FV Leiden was found in 14/304 @entity1 (4.6%) and was associated with @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) occurred before and at diagnosis (5/27,16%, with a significant difference of prevalence in comparison of that observed in asymptomatic @entity1 , 9/263, 3%, p = 0.003). Carriership of FV Leiden was associated with @entity1211 relapse, with a prevalence of 3.6% in asymptomatic @entity1 , 6.9% in @entity1 with a single episode of @entity1211 and 18.1% in @entity1 with recurrent @entity1211 . The prevalence of FV Leiden in @entity1 with and without arterial @entity715 was similar (5/79, 6% and 9/211, 4%, respectively, p = 0.337). This study indicates that the prevalence of the FV Leiden mutation in @entity1 with PV and @entity4407 is comparable with that observed in the general population. FV Leiden mutation is a risk factor for @entity1211 before and at time of diagnosis and for @entity1211 recurrences. Screening for FV Leiden may be considered to identify PV and @entity4407 @entity1 at higher risk of recurrences.

title: Factor V Leiden mutation carriership and XXXX in polycythemia vera and @entity4407 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['thrombophilia']

entities_list: @entity10855 :: ('MESH:D020016', 'Disease') :: ['activated protein C', 'APC']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myeloproliferative disorders']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary disorder']

entities_list: @entity4407 :: ('MESH:D013920', 'Disease') :: ['Essential Thrombocythemia', 'ET']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic complications', 'thrombosis']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: Polycythemia Vera (PV) and @entity4407 ( @entity4407 ) are @entity102 complicated by a high incidence of @entity715 . Extensive coagulation studies failed to demonstrate a consistent pattern of abnormalities associated with @entity715 . Recently, a poor anticoagulant response to @entity10855 ( @entity10855 ), due to a mutation of factor V (FV Leiden), has been identified as the most frequent @entity74 associated with venous @entity49 . We investigated in 304 @entity1 with PV and @entity4407 whether the presence of FV Leiden could be a risk factor for @entity715 . FV Leiden was found in 14/304 @entity1 (4.6%) and was associated with @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) occurred before and at diagnosis (5/27,16%, with a significant difference of prevalence in comparison of that observed in asymptomatic @entity1 , 9/263, 3%, p = 0.003). Carriership of FV Leiden was associated with @entity1211 relapse, with a prevalence of 3.6% in asymptomatic @entity1 , 6.9% in @entity1 with a single episode of @entity1211 and 18.1% in @entity1 with recurrent @entity1211 . The prevalence of FV Leiden in @entity1 with and without arterial @entity715 was similar (5/79, 6% and 9/211, 4%, respectively, p = 0.337). This study indicates that the prevalence of the FV Leiden mutation in @entity1 with PV and @entity4407 is comparable with that observed in the general population. FV Leiden mutation is a risk factor for @entity1211 before and at time of diagnosis and for @entity1211 recurrences. Screening for FV Leiden may be considered to identify PV and @entity4407 @entity1 at higher risk of recurrences.

title: Factor V Leiden mutation carriership and @entity1211 in polycythemia vera and XXXX .

answer: @entity4407 :: (MESH:D013920,Disease) :: ['essential thrombocythemia']


abstract: The biostability of a series of @entity25213 ( @entity25214 )-coated @entity2635 fabrics was investigated in an in vitro model. @entity25214 -coated sample fabrics were incubated in saline at 37 degrees C for 1 and 2 weeks. After each period of incubation, the surface electrical resistivity of the sample fabrics was measured to monitor the changes caused by the incubation. Redoping was then performed by immersing the sample fabrics in a 1N @entity5828 solution at room temperature for 30 min, which was followed by another measurement of the surface resistivity. The surface morphology of the sample fabrics was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The surface chemical composition of the fabrics and the oxidation of @entity1568 in @entity25214 were measured with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The surface electrical resistivity of the @entity25214 -coated fabrics was found to increase with the progress of incubation, which was mainly caused by dedoping and uptake of @entity26 . This increase was nonlinear and accelerated with time. The surface resistivity of most of the samples was retained in the range of 10(3)-10(4) Omega/square after 1 week of incubation, which was considered suitable for short-term electrical stimulation applications. Physical deterioration represented by the cracking and delamination of the @entity25214 coating was occasionally observed on the sample fabrics showing the most significant increase of resistivity. Further improvement of the stability of conductivity is highly desirable.

title: Biostability of electrically conductive XXXX fabrics: an in vitro study.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity25213 :: ('MESH:C067635', 'Chemical') :: ['polypyrrole']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2635 :: ('CHEBI:60160', 'Chemical') :: ['polyester']

answer: @entity2635 :: (CHEBI:60160,Chemical) :: ['polyester']


abstract: Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of proteins which in mammals is comprised of four isoforms ( @entity8280 -IV). @entity8280 and MT-II are expressed in many tissues, whereas @entity3247 is expressed exclusively in the central nervous system (CNS). In contrast to the liver, the knowledge of the regulation of the different MT isoforms in the brain is scarce. A number of cytokines have been shown to be important regulators of MT synthesis in vivo and in vitro. In accordance with this concept, the i.p. administration of endotoxin, which elicits the release of cytokines not only in peripheral tissues but also in the brain, caused an overall increase of @entity3247 levels in the @entity35 brain which was very significant in medulla + pons and cerebellum. Among the putative cytokines involved in endotoxin-elicited brain @entity3247 induction, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and @entity568 ( @entity568 ) are likely candidates. These cytokines have a variety of effects in the brain, and they are major regulators of @entity3247 synthesis in tissues such as the liver. Here we show the administration of IL-1 and @entity568 into the third ventricle increased @entity3247 protein levels in specific brain areas in the @entity35 . IL-1 tended to increase @entity3247 levels in all brain areas studied, but significantly in the striatum, hypothalamus, medulla + pons and cerebellum. The effect of @entity568 was more restricted, but a significant increase of @entity3247 levels was still observed in frontal cortex, hypothalamus and cerebellum. The results suggest that IL-1 and @entity568 are important regulators of brain @entity3247 and that these cytokines could mediate @entity8280 +II induction after an immunological insult.

title: Endotoxin and intracerebroventricular injection of IL-1 and @entity568 induce @entity35 brain XXXX .

answer: @entity8280 :: (24567(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['metallothionein-I and -II']


abstract: Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of proteins which in mammals is comprised of four isoforms ( @entity8280 -IV). @entity8280 and MT-II are expressed in many tissues, whereas @entity3247 is expressed exclusively in the central nervous system (CNS). In contrast to the liver, the knowledge of the regulation of the different MT isoforms in the brain is scarce. A number of cytokines have been shown to be important regulators of MT synthesis in vivo and in vitro. In accordance with this concept, the i.p. administration of endotoxin, which elicits the release of cytokines not only in peripheral tissues but also in the brain, caused an overall increase of @entity3247 levels in the @entity35 brain which was very significant in medulla + pons and cerebellum. Among the putative cytokines involved in endotoxin-elicited brain @entity3247 induction, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and @entity568 ( @entity568 ) are likely candidates. These cytokines have a variety of effects in the brain, and they are major regulators of @entity3247 synthesis in tissues such as the liver. Here we show the administration of IL-1 and @entity568 into the third ventricle increased @entity3247 protein levels in specific brain areas in the @entity35 . IL-1 tended to increase @entity3247 levels in all brain areas studied, but significantly in the striatum, hypothalamus, medulla + pons and cerebellum. The effect of @entity568 was more restricted, but a significant increase of @entity3247 levels was still observed in frontal cortex, hypothalamus and cerebellum. The results suggest that IL-1 and @entity568 are important regulators of brain @entity3247 and that these cytokines could mediate @entity8280 +II induction after an immunological insult.

title: Endotoxin and intracerebroventricular injection of IL-1 and XXXX induce @entity35 brain @entity8280 .

answer: @entity568 :: (24498(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['IL-6']


abstract: Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of proteins which in mammals is comprised of four isoforms ( @entity8280 -IV). @entity8280 and MT-II are expressed in many tissues, whereas @entity3247 is expressed exclusively in the central nervous system (CNS). In contrast to the liver, the knowledge of the regulation of the different MT isoforms in the brain is scarce. A number of cytokines have been shown to be important regulators of MT synthesis in vivo and in vitro. In accordance with this concept, the i.p. administration of endotoxin, which elicits the release of cytokines not only in peripheral tissues but also in the brain, caused an overall increase of @entity3247 levels in the @entity35 brain which was very significant in medulla + pons and cerebellum. Among the putative cytokines involved in endotoxin-elicited brain @entity3247 induction, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and @entity568 ( @entity568 ) are likely candidates. These cytokines have a variety of effects in the brain, and they are major regulators of @entity3247 synthesis in tissues such as the liver. Here we show the administration of IL-1 and @entity568 into the third ventricle increased @entity3247 protein levels in specific brain areas in the @entity35 . IL-1 tended to increase @entity3247 levels in all brain areas studied, but significantly in the striatum, hypothalamus, medulla + pons and cerebellum. The effect of @entity568 was more restricted, but a significant increase of @entity3247 levels was still observed in frontal cortex, hypothalamus and cerebellum. The results suggest that IL-1 and @entity568 are important regulators of brain @entity3247 and that these cytokines could mediate @entity8280 +II induction after an immunological insult.

title: Endotoxin and intracerebroventricular injection of IL-1 and @entity568 induce XXXX brain @entity8280 .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous literature has implicated that there might be an individual susceptibility difference in terms of race/ethnicity and gender in response to second hand smoke (SHS) exposure. This study was done to examine the effect of SHS exposure on lung function in non-smoking Korean @entity1 . METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008-2011. A total of 2,513 female @entity1 , age 40 yr and older, with no respiratory symptoms or prior @entity358 , were included in this study. @entity1 ' smoking status was examined using both self-reported history and measurement of urinary @entity4874 level. Lung function was assessed using spirometry data, including FVC and FEV1. T-test and Chi-square tests were performed to compare diverse variables between groups. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for age, height, @entity285 consumption, and level of exercise was used to see any statistical differences in lung function parameters between non-SHS exposed and SHS-exposed groups. RESULTS: Among 2,513 non-smoking females, 767 (30.5%) were SHS-exposed. The urinary @entity4874 levels clearly distinguished SHS exposure, and the mean urinary @entity4874 levels were 7.1  0.4 and 11  0.7 in non-SHS exposed group vs. SHS-exposed group, respectively (P < 0.001). Urinary @entity4874 levels were correlated with duration of SHS exposure. However, both groups had normal lung function and there was no significant difference between the two groups in lung function. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary @entity4874 is a valuable marker of SHS exposure. Korean @entity1 may have higher tolerance for SHS exposure-induced lung function decline.

title: Effect of Second-Hand Smoke Exposure on Lung Function among Non-Smoking Korean XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung diseases']

entities_list: @entity4874 :: ('MESH:D003367', 'Chemical') :: ['cotinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To recommend the operative laparoscopic techniques for gynecology. METHODS: Proper application of the technical skills was described on the basis of 878 operations performed laparoscopically. These skills were divided into three groups: level I endocoagulation in 124 cases; level II pretied ligature placement and aquadissection in 653 cases; level III electrosection, electrocoagulation and knottying, suturing in 101 cases. RESULTS: A total of 866 operations were completed laparoscopically without major @entity3816 . Twelve cases were converted to laparotomy due to difficulties. The mean operating time for level I, level II and level III group was 49 minutes, 77 minutes and 171 minutes respectively. The incidence of febrile mobidity for level I, level II and level III group was 0.0%, 4.8% and 33.3% respectively. There was one case of @entity86 associated with @entity281 in the level III group. However, no major @entity532 occurred in the level I-II group and the clinical outcome including the overall @entity1 satisfaction was good. CONCLUSION: Mastery of operative laparoscopic techniques step by step along with the degree of surgical difficulty is madatory, and can deliver optimal clinical outcome hopefully. It will also help to expand the use of operative gynecologic laparoscopy in a safe and effective way.

title: [Initial experience of 878 XXXX with operative gynecologic laparoscopy].

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['post-operative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3816 :: ('MESH:D007431', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative complications']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the specific expansion method of @entity1 gamma delta T cell and the molecular mechanism against @entity5 cells. METHODS: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were co-cultured with XG-7 cells as stimulating cells and activated for the expansion of gamma delta T cells. Immunophonotype was analysed by IIFA and FACS. The cytotoxicity of gamma delta T cell against @entity5 cells was measured by 51Cr four hour release assay. RESULTS: When this novel culture system was used, gamma delta T cells mainly expressing V gamma 9/V delta 2 encoded TCR were selected and expanded rapidly from 4.8 +/- 3.4% to 46.2 +/- 8.3%. With exogenous @entity1199 , gamma delta T cells were expanded in large quantity 10(10) within 3 weeks. gamma delta T cells mediated strong cytotoxic activity to different @entity5 cells including K562, Daudi, XG-7 cell lines, but no cytotoxic activity to normal cells was observed. XG-7 cells expressed HSP molecules and anti-HSP in mAB blocked the proliferation of gamma delta T cells. CONCLUSION: The method shows unique biological properties: brief, rapid, well-repeating and wide cytotoxic activity against @entity5 cells. So gamma delta T cells are of value in @entity5 adoptive immunotherapy.

title: [Establishment of a novel culture system for specific expansion of XXXX gamma delta T cell and study of its biological properties].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To clarify the relationship between the percentage of lung receiving low radiation doses with concurrent chemotherapy and the occurrence of @entity260 in the treatment of @entity418 . METHODS: From 117 @entity1 who underwent preoperative chemoradiation for esophageal @entity5 at our institution between 1998 and 2002, we selected 61 @entity1 for whom complete pulmonary dose-volume histogram (DVH) data were available and analyzed the incidence of @entity55 and @entity649 ( @entity649 ) in this group. All @entity1 received concurrent chemoradiation therapy, and 39 @entity1 also received induction chemotherapy before concurrent chemoradiation. The median age was 62 years, and the median radiotherapy dose was 45 Gy. The percentage of lung volume receiving at least 10 Gy (V10), 15 Gy ( @entity6500 ), and 20 Gy (V20) were recorded from each pulmonary DVH. RESULTS: Eleven (18%) of the 61 @entity1 had @entity358 , 2 of whom died after progression of @entity55 . Pulmonary complications were noted more often (35% vs. 8%, p = 0.014) when the pulmonary V10 was > or =40% vs. <40% and when the @entity6500 was > or /=30% vs. < 30% (33% vs. 10%, p = 0.036). An apparent increase in @entity358 rate when V20 was > or =20% vs. <20% (32% vs. 10%, p = 0.079) was not significant. None of the other factors analyzed (surgical procedure, @entity5 location, use of induction chemotherapy, use of concurrent @entity3907 -based chemoradiation, or smoking history) was associated with the occurrence of @entity358 . The median hospital stay was 17 days for @entity1 who had @entity358 vs. 12 days for @entity1 who did not (p = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: The use of multimodality therapy may require minimization of lung volume irradiation to levels lower than previously expected. Radiotherapy techniques that decrease the volume of lung receiving low radiation doses may significantly reduce the risk of this potentially life-threatening complication.

title: @entity260 after preoperative chemoradiation for XXXX : correlation with pulmonary dose-volume histogram parameters.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications', 'pulmonary complication']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinoma']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To clarify the relationship between the percentage of lung receiving low radiation doses with concurrent chemotherapy and the occurrence of @entity260 in the treatment of @entity418 . METHODS: From 117 @entity1 who underwent preoperative chemoradiation for esophageal @entity5 at our institution between 1998 and 2002, we selected 61 @entity1 for whom complete pulmonary dose-volume histogram (DVH) data were available and analyzed the incidence of @entity55 and @entity649 ( @entity649 ) in this group. All @entity1 received concurrent chemoradiation therapy, and 39 @entity1 also received induction chemotherapy before concurrent chemoradiation. The median age was 62 years, and the median radiotherapy dose was 45 Gy. The percentage of lung volume receiving at least 10 Gy (V10), 15 Gy ( @entity6500 ), and 20 Gy (V20) were recorded from each pulmonary DVH. RESULTS: Eleven (18%) of the 61 @entity1 had @entity358 , 2 of whom died after progression of @entity55 . Pulmonary complications were noted more often (35% vs. 8%, p = 0.014) when the pulmonary V10 was > or =40% vs. <40% and when the @entity6500 was > or /=30% vs. < 30% (33% vs. 10%, p = 0.036). An apparent increase in @entity358 rate when V20 was > or =20% vs. <20% (32% vs. 10%, p = 0.079) was not significant. None of the other factors analyzed (surgical procedure, @entity5 location, use of induction chemotherapy, use of concurrent @entity3907 -based chemoradiation, or smoking history) was associated with the occurrence of @entity358 . The median hospital stay was 17 days for @entity1 who had @entity358 vs. 12 days for @entity1 who did not (p = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: The use of multimodality therapy may require minimization of lung volume irradiation to levels lower than previously expected. Radiotherapy techniques that decrease the volume of lung receiving low radiation doses may significantly reduce the risk of this potentially life-threatening complication.

title: XXXX after preoperative chemoradiation for @entity418 : correlation with pulmonary dose-volume histogram parameters.

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['Postoperative pulmonary complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity7080 inhibitors (PPIs) have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes amongst @entity1397 users after an @entity1187 . Recent pre-clinical results suggest that this risk might extend to subjects without any prior history of @entity65 . We explore this potential risk in the general population via data-mining approaches. METHODS: Using a novel approach for mining clinical data for pharmacovigilance, we queried over 16 million clinical documents on 2.9 million individuals to examine whether PPI usage was associated with cardiovascular risk in the general population. RESULTS: In multiple data sources, we found @entity354 ( @entity354 ) @entity1 exposed to PPIs to have a 1.16 fold increased association (95% CI 1.09-1.24) with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Survival analysis in a prospective cohort found a two-fold (HR = 2.00; 95% CI 1.07-3.78; P = 0.031) increase in association with @entity65 . We found that this association exists regardless of @entity1397 use. We also found that H2 blockers, an alternate treatment for @entity354 , were not associated with increased cardiovascular risk; had they been in place, such pharmacovigilance algorithms could have flagged this risk as early as the year 2000. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with our pre-clinical findings that PPIs may adversely impact vascular function, our data-mining study supports the association of PPI exposure with risk for @entity583 in the general population. These data provide an example of how a combination of experimental studies and data-mining approaches can be applied to prioritize drug safety signals for further investigation.

title: XXXX Inhibitor Usage and the Risk of @entity583 in the General Population.

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity7080 :: (495,Gene) :: ['Proton Pump']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity7080 inhibitors (PPIs) have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes amongst @entity1397 users after an @entity1187 . Recent pre-clinical results suggest that this risk might extend to subjects without any prior history of @entity65 . We explore this potential risk in the general population via data-mining approaches. METHODS: Using a novel approach for mining clinical data for pharmacovigilance, we queried over 16 million clinical documents on 2.9 million individuals to examine whether PPI usage was associated with cardiovascular risk in the general population. RESULTS: In multiple data sources, we found @entity354 ( @entity354 ) @entity1 exposed to PPIs to have a 1.16 fold increased association (95% CI 1.09-1.24) with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Survival analysis in a prospective cohort found a two-fold (HR = 2.00; 95% CI 1.07-3.78; P = 0.031) increase in association with @entity65 . We found that this association exists regardless of @entity1397 use. We also found that H2 blockers, an alternate treatment for @entity354 , were not associated with increased cardiovascular risk; had they been in place, such pharmacovigilance algorithms could have flagged this risk as early as the year 2000. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with our pre-clinical findings that PPIs may adversely impact vascular function, our data-mining study supports the association of PPI exposure with risk for @entity583 in the general population. These data provide an example of how a combination of experimental studies and data-mining approaches can be applied to prioritize drug safety signals for further investigation.

title: @entity7080 Inhibitor Usage and the Risk of XXXX in the General Population.

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We designed and tested the validity of a questionnaire to characterize @entity14422 associated with increased future @entity65 risk, based on the 2011 @entity299 ( @entity299 ) guidelines. METHODS: A maternal recall questionnaire of pregnancy history was administered to 971 @entity1 who had participated in a previous cohort study of 1,608 pregnant @entity1 . Medical records from the study pregnancy served as the gold standard. Prevalence, sensitivity (sens), specificity (spec), positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ), negative predictive value (NPV), and/or Spearman's correlation coefficients (r) were calculated for each question. RESULTS: A total of 526 (54%) individuals recontacted responded. Respondents were more likely to be older, white, educated, and nulliparous and were less likely to deliver low-birthweight @entity1 in the study pregnancy than were individuals who did not respond. Mean length of recall was 4.35 years (standard deviation [SD] 0.46) postpartum. Maternal recall was most accurate for @entity6677 (sens: 92%, spec: 98%, @entity2286 : 79%, NPV: 99%), @entity1 birthweight (r=0.95), and gestation length (r=0.85). Maternal recall was modest for @entity1468 (sens: 79%, spec: 97%, @entity2286 : 68%, NPV: 98%) and pregnancy-associated @entity101 , including @entity1468 or gestational @entity101 (sens: 60%, spec: 95%, @entity2286 : 64%, NPV: 94%). CONCLUSIONS: This validation study demonstrated that the majority of @entity1 could accurately recall a history of @entity6677 , @entity1 birthweight, and gestational age at delivery, 4 years postpartum on average. Recall of @entity1468 and pregnancy-associated @entity101 overall was modest. Maternal report of these pregnancy conditions may help clinicians identify @entity1 at increased risk for @entity65 .

title: Pregnancy Complications as Markers for Subsequent XXXX : Validation of a Maternal Recall Questionnaire.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity6677 :: ('MESH:D016640', 'Disease') :: ['gestational diabetes']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity14422 :: ('MESH:D011248', 'Disease') :: ['maternal recall of pregnancy complications']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['AHA', 'American Heart Association']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Maternal Cardiovascular Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pathological @entity400 are symptomatic to several @entity16 that are difficult to differentiate and the way by which central oscillatory networks entrain @entity2472 is unknown. We considered the alternative hypotheses that @entity400 arises from one oscillator (at the @entity400 frequency) or, as suggested by recent findings from the superimposition of two separate inputs (at the @entity400 frequency and twice that frequency). APPROACH: Assuming one central oscillatory network we estimated analytically the relative amplitude of the harmonics of the @entity400 frequency in the motor neuron output for different temporal behaviors of the oscillator. Next, we analyzed the bias in the relative harmonics amplitude introduced by superimposing oscillations at twice the @entity400 frequency. These findings were validated using experimental measurements of wrist angular velocity and surface electromyography (EMG) from 22 @entity1 (11 essential @entity400 , 11 @entity191 ). The ensemble motor unit action potential trains identified from the EMG represented the neural drive to the muscles. MAIN RESULTS: The analytical results showed that the relative power of the @entity400 harmonics in the analytical models of the neural drive was determined by the variability and duration of the @entity400 bursts and the presence of the second oscillator biased this power towards higher values. The experimental findings accurately matched the analytical model assuming one oscillator, indicating a negligible functional role of secondary oscillatory inputs. Furthermore, a significant difference in the relative power of harmonics in the neural drive was found across the @entity1 groups, suggesting a diagnostic value of this measure (classification accuracy: 86%). This diagnostic power decreased substantially when estimated from limb acceleration or the EMG. Signficance. The results indicate that the neural drive in pathological @entity400 is compatible with one central network providing @entity1274 at the @entity400 frequency. Moreover, the regularity of this @entity1274 varies across @entity400 pathologies, making the relative amplitude of @entity400 harmonics a potential biomarker for diagnostic use.

title: One central oscillatory drive is compatible with experimental motor unit behaviour in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['tremor', 'tremors']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['neural oscillation', 'neural oscillations']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['tremorogenic contractions']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['essential and Parkinsonian tremor']


abstract: Despite dramatic improvements in the management of @entity65 , much remains to be accomplished. Arterial stiffness, through its effects on central aortic pressure, is a key determinant of increased cardiovascular risk. Increased pulse pressure is a late manifestation of increased arterial stiffness. What is needed is a simple, reliable, non-invasive method of detecting early disturbances in central artery stiffness at a time when therapeutic intervention can be most beneficial. Currently, intervention studies support initiating antihypertensive therapy in uncomplicated @entity101 when systolic blood pressure > or = 160 mmHg, whereas the benefit of treating systolic blood pressure of 140-159 mmHg, the largest subset of @entity1 with @entity101 , has yet to be tested in controlled trials. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal target goal for blood pressure reduction in both uncomplicated @entity101 and in @entity101 complicated by @entity6 , @entity301 , or @entity8 . Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors may provide selective cardiac and renal protection beyond their blood pressure-lowering effect in the presence of specific @entity65 and/or @entity6 . In contrast, there is as yet no definitive answer as to the relative benefit of blood pressure lowering versus specific drug effects in minimizing cardiovascular events in uncomplicated @entity101 . Although there has been a recent increase in @entity101 awareness and treatment, only a small percentage of affected individuals are being treated to goal. @entity65 represents a world-wide public health challenge that can be solved only by new innovative measures aimed at both prevention and treatment.

title: Blood pressure and XXXX : what remains to be achieved?

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertensive cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular disease', 'hypertensive cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Envenoming snakebites are thought to be a particularly important threat to @entity283 worldwide, especially in rural areas of tropical and subtropical countries. The true magnitude of the @entity283 threat posed by snakebites is unknown, making it difficult for @entity283 officials to optimize prevention and treatment. The objective of this work was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to gather data on snakebite epidemiology in the Amazon region and describe a case series of snakebites from epidemiological surveillance in the State of Amazonas (1974-2012). Only 11 articles regarding snakebites were found. In the State of Amazonas, information regarding incidents involving snakes is scarce. Historical trends show an increasing number of cases after the second half of the 1980s. @entity5900 predominated among adults (20-39 years old; 38%), in the male gender (78.9%) and in those living in rural areas (85.6%). The predominant snake envenomation type was bothropic. The incidence reported by the epidemiological surveillance in the State of Amazonas, reaching up to 200 cases/100,000 inhabitants in some areas, is among the highest annual snakebite incidence rates of any region in the world. The majority of the cases were reported in the rainy season with a case-fatality rate of 0.6%. @entity5900 is a great disease burden in the State of Amazonas, representing a challenge for future investigations, including approaches to estimating incidence under-notification and case-fatality rates as well as the factors related to severity and disabilities.

title: XXXX as a largely neglected problem in the Brazilian Amazon: highlights of the epidemiological trends in the State of Amazonas.

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['public health']

entities_list: @entity5900 :: ('MESH:D012909', 'Disease') :: ['Snakebites', 'Snakebite envenomation']

answer: @entity5900 :: (MESH:D012909,Disease) :: ['Snakebites']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study predicts the magnitude and between herd variation in changes of @entity577 emissions and production efficiency associated with interventions to improve reproductive efficiency in dairy @entity291 . Data for 10,000 herds of 200 @entity291 were simulated. Probability of conception was predicted daily from the start of the study (parturition) for each @entity291 up to day 300 of lactation. Four scenarios of differing first insemination management were simulated for each herd using the same theoretical @entity291 : A baseline scenario based on breeding from observed oestrus only, synchronisation of oestrus for pre-set first insemination using 2 methods, and a regime using @entity3009 treatments followed by first insemination to observed oestrus. @entity291 that did not conceive to first insemination were re-inseminated following detection of oestrus. For @entity291 that conceived, gestation length was 280 days with cessation of milking 60 days before calving. Those @entity291 not pregnant after 300 days of lactation were culled and replaced by a heifer. Daily milk yield was calculated for 730 days from the start of the study for each @entity291 . Change in mean reproductive and economic outputs were summarised for each herd following the 3 interventions. For each scenario, @entity577 emissions were determined by daily forage dry matter intake, forage quality, and @entity291 replacement risk. Linear regression was used to summarise relationships. In some circumstances improvement in reproductive efficiency using the programmes investigated was associated with reduced cost and @entity577 emissions compared to reliance on detection of oestrus. Efficiency of oestrus detection and the time to commencement of breeding after calving influenced variability in changes in cost and @entity577 emissions. For an average UK herd this was a saving of at least   50 per @entity291 and a 3.6% reduction in @entity577 emissions per L of milk when timing of first insemination was pre-set.

title: Use of Stochastic Simulation to Evaluate the Reduction in XXXX Emissions and Improvement in Reproductive Efficiency from Routine Hormonal Interventions in Dairy Herds.

entities_list: @entity577 :: ('MESH:D008697', 'Chemical') :: ['methane']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

answer: @entity577 :: (MESH:D008697,Chemical) :: ['Methane']


abstract: In contrast to mammals in which the pineal gland is a discrete structure situated dorsally in the brain, the "pineal gland" in teleost fishes is composed of a number of separate but connected constituent parts, collectively described as the "pineal complex." In this paper, we have described the pineal complex in a common Indian @entity7136 , @entity67990 , which exhibits an annual reproductive cycle. Attempts have been made to (a) provide an in-depth description of the structure of the pineal complex; and (b) identify the photoreceptor cells of the pineal, by exposing the animals to constant light (LL) and constant darkness ( @entity336 ). Furthermore, we examined any possible influence of the reproductive status of the fish on the responsiveness of the pineal photoreceptor cells in @entity67990 following exposure to LL and @entity336 . To this end, a total of four experiments were carried out during the four different phases of the annual reproductive cycle that is characteristic of this species. Each of these four experiments was carried out for a period of 30 days after which the fishes were sacrificed, different parts of the pineal complex were dissected out, and processed for histological and karyometric studies. Our results showed that the pineal complex in this species is composed of three separate but connected parts, (a) an end vesicle (EV); (b) a dorsal sac (DS); and (c) a long and thin pineal stalk (PS) that attaches the EV to the DS. Detailed karyometric and histo-morphologic studies following exposure of the animals to @entity336 and LL showed that constant darkness led to a stimulatory effect on the pineal photoreceptor cells of the EV as evident from a significant increase in the nuclear diameter. In contrast, the nuclear diameter of the photoreceptor cells in animals subjected to constant light showed a significant reduction. Furthermore, the observed cellular changes in the EV of fish exposed either to LL or @entity336 were independent of the stage of the gonadal cycle. The apparent lack of any cellular responses either in the PS, or in the DS, following exposure to LL and @entity336 , suggests that in @entity67990 the photoreceptor cells are located only within the epithelial lining of the EV and that these cells respond in a manner similar to @entity1 pinealocytes when subjected to comparable photoperiod-induced experimental conditions.

title: The morpho-anatomy and histology of the pineal complex in a major Indian XXXX , @entity67990 : identification of the pineal photoreceptor cells and their responsiveness to constant light and constant darkness during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

answer: @entity7136 :: (7962,Species) :: ['carp']


abstract: In contrast to mammals in which the pineal gland is a discrete structure situated dorsally in the brain, the "pineal gland" in teleost fishes is composed of a number of separate but connected constituent parts, collectively described as the "pineal complex." In this paper, we have described the pineal complex in a common Indian @entity7136 , @entity67990 , which exhibits an annual reproductive cycle. Attempts have been made to (a) provide an in-depth description of the structure of the pineal complex; and (b) identify the photoreceptor cells of the pineal, by exposing the animals to constant light (LL) and constant darkness ( @entity336 ). Furthermore, we examined any possible influence of the reproductive status of the fish on the responsiveness of the pineal photoreceptor cells in @entity67990 following exposure to LL and @entity336 . To this end, a total of four experiments were carried out during the four different phases of the annual reproductive cycle that is characteristic of this species. Each of these four experiments was carried out for a period of 30 days after which the fishes were sacrificed, different parts of the pineal complex were dissected out, and processed for histological and karyometric studies. Our results showed that the pineal complex in this species is composed of three separate but connected parts, (a) an end vesicle (EV); (b) a dorsal sac (DS); and (c) a long and thin pineal stalk (PS) that attaches the EV to the DS. Detailed karyometric and histo-morphologic studies following exposure of the animals to @entity336 and LL showed that constant darkness led to a stimulatory effect on the pineal photoreceptor cells of the EV as evident from a significant increase in the nuclear diameter. In contrast, the nuclear diameter of the photoreceptor cells in animals subjected to constant light showed a significant reduction. Furthermore, the observed cellular changes in the EV of fish exposed either to LL or @entity336 were independent of the stage of the gonadal cycle. The apparent lack of any cellular responses either in the PS, or in the DS, following exposure to LL and @entity336 , suggests that in @entity67990 the photoreceptor cells are located only within the epithelial lining of the EV and that these cells respond in a manner similar to @entity1 pinealocytes when subjected to comparable photoperiod-induced experimental conditions.

title: The morpho-anatomy and histology of the pineal complex in a major Indian @entity7136 , XXXX : identification of the pineal photoreceptor cells and their responsiveness to constant light and constant darkness during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle.

answer: @entity67990 :: (72446,Species) :: ['Catla catla']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Revision total hip arthroplasty is indicated for most @entity3564 that occur around the stem of the femoral implant. The purpose of the present study was to assess the results and complications of revision total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of @entity3330 . METHODS: We evaluated 118 hips in 116 @entity1 who underwent revision total hip arthroplasty because of an acute Vancouver type-B periprosthetic @entity3330 . The femoral implant used for the revision was a cemented stem in forty-two hips, a proximally porous-coated uncemented stem in twenty-eight, an extensively porous-coated stem in thirty, and an allograft-prosthesis composite or @entity5 prosthesis in eighteen. The mean duration of follow-up was 5.4 years. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the probability of survival was 90% at five years and 79.2% at ten years with revision or removal of the femoral implant for any reason as the end point. Sixteen femoral components were rerevised: ten were rerevised because of loosening; three, because of loosening in association with a @entity174 nonunion; two, because of recurrent dislocation; and one, because of a new @entity3564 . Additionally, six femoral implants were resected because of @entity281 (five) or prosthetic loosening (one). Radiographs of the ninety-six hips with a surviving implant showed that twenty-one had evidence of loosening of the femoral implant, four had a nonunion of the @entity3330 , and two had both a nonunion and loosening of the femoral implant. CONCLUSIONS: Revision total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of a @entity3564 around the stem of the femoral implant successfully restored function for most @entity1 . The greatest long-term problems were prosthetic loosening and @entity174 nonunion. Better results were seen when an uncemented, extensively porous-coated stem was used.

title: Treatment of XXXX following total hip arthroplasty with femoral component revision.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['deep infection']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['femoral fracture', 'periprosthetic femoral fractures']

entities_list: @entity3564 :: ('MESH:D057068', 'Disease') :: ['periprosthetic fractures', 'periprosthetic fracture']

answer: @entity3330 :: (MESH:D005264,Disease) :: ['periprosthetic femoral fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Electric stimulation has been proved to be available to monitor the efficacy of renal denervation (RDN). This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of high-frequency stimulation (HFS)-guided proximal RDN. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 13 Chinese Kunming @entity235 were included and allocated to proximal RDN group (n=8) and control group (n=5). HFS (20 Hz, 8 V, pulse width 2 ms) was performed from proximal to distal renal artery in all @entity235 . Radiofrequency ablations were delivered in proximal RDN group and only at the proximal positive sites where systolic blood pressure (BP) increased >= 10 mm   Hg during HFS. Postablation HFS was performed over the previously stimulated sites. BP, heart rate, and plasma @entity1063 were analyzed. In 8 denervated @entity235 , preablation HFS caused significant BP increases of 6.0  5.0/3.4  5.5, 16.9  11.7/11.1  8.5, and 17.1  8.4/8.5  5.3 mm   Hg during the first, second, and third 20 s of HFS at the proximal positive sites. After ablation, these sites showed a negative response to postablation HFS with increases of BP by 1.3  3.0/1.0  2.5, 0.8  3.9/1.5  3.4, and 1.5  4.5/0.7  3.8 mm   Hg. Of note, no radiofrequency applications were delivered at the positive sites of middle renal artery, repeated HFS increased BP only by 3.3  5.3/2.8  4.2, 5.3  6.6/3.8  4.7, and 2.9  4.6/1.3  3.2 mm   Hg, failed to reproduce the previous BP increases of 6.2  5.6/5.3  4.4, 15.0  9.3/10.2  6.2, and 14.9  7.7/8.4  4.7 mm   Hg. At 3 months, BP and plasma @entity1063 substantially decreased in proximal RDN group. Whereas controls showed minimal BP decreases and had similar plasma @entity1063 concentrations as baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Renal afferent nerves can be mapped safely, and HFS-guided targeted proximal RDN can achieve apparent BP reduction and sympathetic inhibition.

title: Selective proximal renal denervation guided by autonomic responses evoked via high-frequency stimulation in a preclinical XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated @entity1333 (AAV) is an uncommon but potentially life threatening disease in @entity1 . @entity548 ( @entity548 ) is a well recognized but lethal complication. The incidence of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) is higher in @entity1 with AAV, especially in those with active disease. However, the simultaneous occurrence of both @entity548 and @entity1211 has rarely been reported.Herein, we describe a 14-year-old female with AAV who developed concomitant @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) and @entity548 within 3  days after hospitalization. She was successfully treated with timely plasmapheresis and @entity1667 pulse therapy. @entity1211 did not occur during discontinuation of anticoagulant. On reviewing the English literature, 5 AAV @entity1 with coexisting @entity1211 and @entity548 have been reported. When faced with @entity548 , whether or not to keep anti-coagulation treatment is a dilemma. Some of the @entity1 kept receiving anti-coagulation treatment, whereas others undergoing inferior vena cava filter implantation. Glucocorticoids and @entity786 or other immunosuppressant agents were prescribed in all @entity1 . All of the cases survived after treatment for concurrent @entity1211 and @entity548 , and received short- or long-term anticoagulation treatment after discharge.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a pediatric @entity1 with AAV presenting with coexistent @entity1211 and @entity548 . @entity1211 should be considered to be a sign of disease flare-up, and early plasmapheresis with immunosuppressant therapy can rescue this fatal complication.

title: Concurrent XXXX and @entity1150 in a @entity1 with ANCA-associated vasculitis: case report and review of literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary hemorrhage', 'PH']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis', 'DVT']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['pulmonary hemorrhage']


abstract: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated @entity1333 (AAV) is an uncommon but potentially life threatening disease in @entity1 . @entity548 ( @entity548 ) is a well recognized but lethal complication. The incidence of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) is higher in @entity1 with AAV, especially in those with active disease. However, the simultaneous occurrence of both @entity548 and @entity1211 has rarely been reported.Herein, we describe a 14-year-old female with AAV who developed concomitant @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) and @entity548 within 3  days after hospitalization. She was successfully treated with timely plasmapheresis and @entity1667 pulse therapy. @entity1211 did not occur during discontinuation of anticoagulant. On reviewing the English literature, 5 AAV @entity1 with coexisting @entity1211 and @entity548 have been reported. When faced with @entity548 , whether or not to keep anti-coagulation treatment is a dilemma. Some of the @entity1 kept receiving anti-coagulation treatment, whereas others undergoing inferior vena cava filter implantation. Glucocorticoids and @entity786 or other immunosuppressant agents were prescribed in all @entity1 . All of the cases survived after treatment for concurrent @entity1211 and @entity548 , and received short- or long-term anticoagulation treatment after discharge.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a pediatric @entity1 with AAV presenting with coexistent @entity1211 and @entity548 . @entity1211 should be considered to be a sign of disease flare-up, and early plasmapheresis with immunosuppressant therapy can rescue this fatal complication.

title: Concurrent @entity548 and XXXX in a @entity1 with ANCA-associated vasculitis: case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['deep vein thrombosis']


abstract: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated @entity1333 (AAV) is an uncommon but potentially life threatening disease in @entity1 . @entity548 ( @entity548 ) is a well recognized but lethal complication. The incidence of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) is higher in @entity1 with AAV, especially in those with active disease. However, the simultaneous occurrence of both @entity548 and @entity1211 has rarely been reported.Herein, we describe a 14-year-old female with AAV who developed concomitant @entity1150 ( @entity1150 ) and @entity548 within 3  days after hospitalization. She was successfully treated with timely plasmapheresis and @entity1667 pulse therapy. @entity1211 did not occur during discontinuation of anticoagulant. On reviewing the English literature, 5 AAV @entity1 with coexisting @entity1211 and @entity548 have been reported. When faced with @entity548 , whether or not to keep anti-coagulation treatment is a dilemma. Some of the @entity1 kept receiving anti-coagulation treatment, whereas others undergoing inferior vena cava filter implantation. Glucocorticoids and @entity786 or other immunosuppressant agents were prescribed in all @entity1 . All of the cases survived after treatment for concurrent @entity1211 and @entity548 , and received short- or long-term anticoagulation treatment after discharge.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a pediatric @entity1 with AAV presenting with coexistent @entity1211 and @entity548 . @entity1211 should be considered to be a sign of disease flare-up, and early plasmapheresis with immunosuppressant therapy can rescue this fatal complication.

title: Concurrent @entity548 and @entity1150 in a XXXX with ANCA-associated vasculitis: case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: Historically, type II topoisomerases have yielded clinically useful drugs for the treatment of @entity5 , but the corresponding enzymes from @entity311 parasites remain understudied. This is due to the general challenges of producing @entity311 proteins in functional forms in heterologous expression systems. Here, we express full-length @entity3964 topoisomerase II (PfTopoII) in a @entity3505 germ cell-free transcription-translation system. Functional activity of soluble PfTopoII from the translation lysates was confirmed through both a plasmid relaxation and a DNA decatenation activity that was dependent on @entity1760 and @entity855 . To facilitate future drug discovery, a convenient and sensitive fluorescence assay was established to follow DNA decatenation, and a stable, truncated PfTopoII was engineered for high level enzyme production. PfTopoII was purified using a DNA affinity column. Existing TopoII inhibitors previously developed for other non- @entity311 indications inhibited PfTopoII, as well as @entity311 parasites in culture at submicromolar concentrations. Even before optimization, inhibitors of bacterial gyrase, @entity70665 , @entity2177 , and @entity2879 exhibited 15-, 57-, and 3-fold selectivity for the malarial enzyme over @entity1 TopoII. Finally, it was possible to use the purified PfTopoII to dissect the different modes by which these varying classes of TopoII inhibitors could trap partially processed DNA. The present biochemical advancements will allow high throughput chemical screening of compound libraries and lead optimization to develop new lines of antimalarials.

title: Topoisomerase II from XXXX Malaria Parasites: EXPRESSION, PURIFICATION, AND SELECTIVE INHIBITION.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections and cancer']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between gene expression of nutrient ( @entity3689 , peptide, @entity1372 and proton) transporters in the small intestine and embryonic growth in @entity22036 ( @entity22036 ). One hundred and twenty-five fertilized eggs were randomly assigned into five groups and were incubated under optimal conditions (temperature of 38.1   C and relative humidity of 55%). Twenty embryos/birds from each group were sacrificed by cervical dislocation on embryonic day (E) 9, 11, 13, 15 and day of hatch (DOH). The eggs, embryos (without yolk sac), and organs (head, brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidney, gizzard, small intestine, legs, and thorax) were dissected, cleaned, and weighed. Small intestine samples were collected for RNA isolation. The mRNA abundance of intestinal nutrient transporters was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We classified these ten organs into four types according to the changes in relative weight during embryonic development. In addition, the gene expression of nutrient transporters was differentially regulated by embryonic day. The mRNA abundances of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, y(+)LAT2, @entity70666 , LAT4, NHE2, and NHE3 increased linearly with age, whereas mRNA abundances of CAT1, CAT2, LAT1, EAAT2, SNAT1, and SNAT2 were increased to higher levels on E9 or E11 and then decreased to lower levels until DOH. The results of correlation analysis showed that the gene expressions of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, @entity70666 , LAT4, NHE2, NHE3, and y(+)LAT2 had positive correlations with body weight (0.71<correlation coefficient (CC)<0.82, P<0.0001), while CAT1, CAT2, EAAT2, SNAT1, and SNAT2 had negative correlations with body weight (-0.86<CC<-0.64, P<0.0001). The gene expressions of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, LAT4, @entity70666 , NHE2, NHE3, and y(+)LAT2 showed positive correlations with intestinal weight (0.80<CC<0.91, P<0.0001), while CAT1, CAT2, and EAAT2 showed negative correlations with intestinal weight (-0.84<CC<-0.67, P<0.0001). It was concluded that the differences between growth trajectories of organs and gene expression of nutrient transporters in small intestine were due to their functional and physiological properties, which provided a comprehensive study of @entity3689 and peptide transporter mRNA in the small intestine during embryonic growth of pigeons.

title: Growth of embryo and gene expression of nutrient transporters in the small intestine of the XXXX ( @entity22036 ).

entities_list: @entity22036 :: ('8932', 'Species') :: ['Columba livia', 'domestic pigeons']

answer: @entity22036 :: (8932,Species) :: ['domestic pigeon']


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between gene expression of nutrient ( @entity3689 , peptide, @entity1372 and proton) transporters in the small intestine and embryonic growth in @entity22036 ( @entity22036 ). One hundred and twenty-five fertilized eggs were randomly assigned into five groups and were incubated under optimal conditions (temperature of 38.1   C and relative humidity of 55%). Twenty embryos/birds from each group were sacrificed by cervical dislocation on embryonic day (E) 9, 11, 13, 15 and day of hatch (DOH). The eggs, embryos (without yolk sac), and organs (head, brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidney, gizzard, small intestine, legs, and thorax) were dissected, cleaned, and weighed. Small intestine samples were collected for RNA isolation. The mRNA abundance of intestinal nutrient transporters was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We classified these ten organs into four types according to the changes in relative weight during embryonic development. In addition, the gene expression of nutrient transporters was differentially regulated by embryonic day. The mRNA abundances of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, y(+)LAT2, @entity70666 , LAT4, NHE2, and NHE3 increased linearly with age, whereas mRNA abundances of CAT1, CAT2, LAT1, EAAT2, SNAT1, and SNAT2 were increased to higher levels on E9 or E11 and then decreased to lower levels until DOH. The results of correlation analysis showed that the gene expressions of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, @entity70666 , LAT4, NHE2, NHE3, and y(+)LAT2 had positive correlations with body weight (0.71<correlation coefficient (CC)<0.82, P<0.0001), while CAT1, CAT2, EAAT2, SNAT1, and SNAT2 had negative correlations with body weight (-0.86<CC<-0.64, P<0.0001). The gene expressions of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, LAT4, @entity70666 , NHE2, NHE3, and y(+)LAT2 showed positive correlations with intestinal weight (0.80<CC<0.91, P<0.0001), while CAT1, CAT2, and EAAT2 showed negative correlations with intestinal weight (-0.84<CC<-0.67, P<0.0001). It was concluded that the differences between growth trajectories of organs and gene expression of nutrient transporters in small intestine were due to their functional and physiological properties, which provided a comprehensive study of @entity3689 and peptide transporter mRNA in the small intestine during embryonic growth of pigeons.

title: Growth of embryo and gene expression of nutrient transporters in the small intestine of the @entity22036 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity22036 :: (8932,Species) :: ['Columba livia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in guiding and assessing early therapeutic response to radiofrequency (RF) ablation for @entity157 ( @entity157 ; up to 3 lesions, each  <=3 cm in diameter) and to report the short-term follow-up results. Between September 2011 and January 2013, 63 @entity1 with 78 @entity157 ( <=3 cm) underwent conventional US- and CEUS-guided percutaneous RF ablation. CEUS was repeated after 20-30 min to assess therapeutic response, and local efficacy was further confirmed by contrast-enhanced @entity422 mo after @entity5 ablation. @entity1 were followed periodically to look for @entity5 or disease progression. Survival probability was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Complete ablation was achieved for 76 (97.4%) of 78 @entity157 in one (n  = 73) or two (n  = 3) sessions. No major complications were observed in any @entity1 . The overall concordance in assessment of therapeutic efficacy of RF ablation between CEUS and MRI was 97.4% (76/78 @entity5 ). The concordance test gave a value of k  = 0.74 (p < 0.001), indicating that CEUS had a high diagnostic agreement with MRI. During a mean follow-up of 20 mo, the @entity5 progression rate was 5.3% (4/76 @entity5 ). The 1-, 1.5- and 2-y cumulative survival rates were 98.4%, 96.1% and 92.6%, respectively. Although CEUS has some intrinsic limitations, the combined use of conventional US and CEUS provides a safe and efficient tool to guide RF ablation for @entity157 3 cm or smaller, with encouraging results in terms of survival rate and minimal complications. Moreover, the immediate post-procedural CEUS can be a reliable alternative to contrast-enhanced MRI for assessing the early therapeutic response to RF ablation.

title: Radiofrequency Ablation for XXXX : Utility of Conventional Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Guiding and Assessing Early Therapeutic Response and Short-Term Follow-Up Results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCCs', 'hepatocellular carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'local tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity422 :: ('84245', 'Gene') :: ['magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 1']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['Hepatocellular Carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To investigate the natural history of @entity281 of the uterine cervix following a 10-year prospective observational study. @entity1 AND METHODS: Three hundred and thirty @entity1 with cytological and colposcopic features of @entity281 +/- @entity8046 1 were recruited into the study. These @entity1 were followed up for a period of 10 years, during which time they had repeated colposcopic assessments and cytological monitoring Those @entity1 with evidence of high-grade disease at any stage of follow-up were treated by Large Loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) and excluded from the study. At the end of the surveillance period, 179 @entity1 with evidence of persistent @entity281 alone or in conjunction with low-grade disease underwent a shallow diagnostic LLETZ. In total, 51 @entity1 defaulted from follow-up. RESULTS: Thirty-three per cent of the @entity1 with cytological and colposcopic features suggestive of persistent @entity281 alone during the 10-year follow-up period had histological evidence of @entity8046 at the end of the study. Two thirds of this disease was graded as @entity8046 2 or 3. Nineteen per cent of the @entity1 with cytological and colposcopic features suggestive of persistent @entity281 and @entity8046 1 actually had high-grade @entity8046 at histology ( @entity8046 2 and 3). Only 6.1% of the study population had normal histological findings. CONCLUSION: The finding that a relatively large percentage of high-grade lesions might have been masked for anything up to a decade by a low-grade phenotype, coupled with the worrying percentage of defaulters from follow-up, indicate that an early decision for intervention (diagnostic and/or therapeutic) may be appropriate if a low-grade abnormality persists after a short surveillance period.

title: The natural history of XXXX of the uterine cervix. Long-term observational and histological data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['HPV infection']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive hybrid surgery for ileal interposition (MIHSII), a novel procedure for type 2 @entity6 (T2DM) in @entity1 with a body mass index (BMI) <30 kg   m(2). MATERIALS AND METHODS: MIHSII is an innovative technique in which sleeve gastrectomy is performed laparoscopically, followed by extracorporeal ileal interposition performed through a 5-cm midline incision. The procedure was performed on 31 T2DM @entity1 , 17 males and 14 females. Their BMI values ranged from 21.8 kg/m(2) to 29.8 kg/m(2), with a mean BMI of 26.61    2.61 kg/m(2). The average duration of @entity6 8.14    4.89 (range = 1-20) years. Most of the @entity1 exhibited poorly controlled @entity6 despite the use of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) and/or insulin. RESULTS: The mean preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for the population was 8.86%. The mean HbA1c 1 year after surgery was 6.80%. The difference between the mean preoperative and 1-year postoperative @entity4051 c values was significant, at P < .05 (group 1: BMI = 18.5-24.99 kg/m(2), t = 2.83, and P = .022; group 2: BMI = 25-29.99 kg/m(2), t = 4.23, and P = .001). The resolution rate of @entity6 was 80.48%; 48.57% experienced complete resolution, and 31.91% experienced partial resolution. The remaining 19.52% of @entity1 exhibited a significant reduction in HbA1c, although the HbA1c levels did not fall below 6.5%, even with medications. CONCLUSION: MIHSII is an innovative technique of metabolic surgery and is a cost-effective and minimal procedure for the resolution of T2DM in @entity1 with BMI <30 kg/m(2).

title: Effectiveness of Minimally Invasive Hybrid Surgery for Ileal Interposition (MIHSII) for the Resolution of Type 2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND The @entity1707 is an essential model for liver transplantation research and training. However, it develops hemodynamic instability during the anhepatic phase, requiring a short anhepatic phase or an extracorporeal circulation not appropriate for training purposes because it increases the risk of @entity3816 . In this article we describe an economical and reproductive experimental model for training surgeon fellows in liver transplantation, without veno-venous bypass, using a supraceliac aortic cross-clamping maneuver. MATERIAL AND METHODS After liver liberation, we cross-clamped the supraceliac aorta and cross-clamped and divided the infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC), bile duct (BD), hepatic artery (HA), portal vein (PV), and @entity6323 . We rapidly removed and flushed the liver ex situ, repositioned it orthotopically, and performed @entity254 in @entity6323 , @entity6323 , reperfusing the liver. Lastly, we anastomosed the HA and BD. We also performed pulmonary artery catheter exams and recovery blood samples serially before and after graft reperfusion (beginning of anesthesia = basal; 5 min after reperfusion and 120 min after reperfusion = end-point) for hemodynamic and metabolic assessment. RESULTS Transplantation fellows were able to perform the operations assisted by a senior surgeon. The median procedure time was 211 min (188-233 min). One @entity1707 died due to @entity548 and 5 remained alive for up to 2 h after liver reperfusion, achieving at this time normal hemodynamic and metabolic parameters. CONCLUSIONS This model is suitable for training and experimentation, avoids venovenous bypass, is low cost, avoids immunological reaction, and prevents @entity14079 .

title: Liver Autotransplantation in XXXX without Venovenous Bypass: A Simplified Model using a Supraceliac Aorta Cross-Clamping Maneuver.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity14079 :: ('MESH:D020739', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic and metabolic complications']

entities_list: @entity6323 :: ('MESH:C563013', 'Disease') :: ['suprahepatic IVC', 'infrahepatic IVC and PV']

entities_list: @entity3816 :: ('MESH:D007431', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative complications']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['Pigs']


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy of bundled skin antiseptic preparation to prevent @entity299 . METHODS AND RESULTS: From January 2010 to November 2013, 665 consecutive @entity1 were divided into two groups according to the strategy of skin preparation. In Period 1 (January 2010  to June 2012), 395 @entity1 received the standard skin antiseptic preparation. In @entity5394 (July 2012  to November 2013), 270 @entity1 received a triple-step skin antiseptic preparation, 'bundled skin antiseptic preparation', consisting of applying 75% @entity285 over anterior chest on the night before the index day, @entity4279 10 min before operation, and the standard skin antiseptic preparation before incision. During follow-up, the occurrence of @entity299 was recorded. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determinate the risk factors of @entity299 . During a mean follow-up of 26.9    16.2 months, 20 episodes of @entity299 developed in 19 @entity1 (2.9%), and the incidence of minor and major @entity281 episodes was 2.2% and 0.8%, respectively. @entity1 with the bundled skin antiseptic preparation had a significantly lower incidence of @entity299 , compared with @entity1 with the standard preparation (0.7 vs. 4.3%, P = 0.007). In multivariate analysis, pocket haematoma (P = 0.020), @entity955 (P = 0.033), and complex procedures (P = 0.047) were independent predictors for @entity299 . In contrast, the bundled skin antiseptic preparation was a significant predictor against @entity299 (P = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Pocket haematoma was the most important risk factor for @entity299 . The bundled skin antiseptic preparation strategy significantly reduced the risk of minor @entity299 .

title: Bundled preparation of skin antisepsis decreases the risk of cardiac implantable electronic device-related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4279 :: ('MESH:D011206', 'Chemical') :: ['povidone-iodine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['CIED infection', 'cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Formation and rupture of @entity438 have been associated with chronic @entity101 . The effect of transient increase in blood pressure and its effect on intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics have not been studied. We examined the effects of controlled increases in blood pressure on different pressure parameters inside the sac of @entity1 @entity438 and corresponding parent arteries using invasive technology. Twelve @entity1 (10 female, 2 male, age 54  15 years) with unruptured @entity438 undergoing endovascular coiling were recruited. @entity5748 with the capacity to simultaneously measure flow velocity and pressure were used to measure systolic, diastolic, and mean pressure inside the @entity439 sac and to measure both pressures and flow velocities in the feeder vessel just outside the @entity439 . These pressures were recorded simultaneously with pressures from a radial arterial catheter. Measurements were taken at baseline and then during a gradual increase in systemic systolic blood pressure to a target value of    25 mm Hg above baseline, using a @entity2647 infusion. The dose needed to achieve the required increase in radial arterial systolic blood pressure was 0.8  0.2  g/kg/min. There was a clear linear relationship between changes in radial and aneurysmal pressures with substantial @entity1 -by- @entity1 variation in the slopes of those relationships. The overall increases in systolic and mean pressures in both radial artery and in the @entity439 were similar. Pressures in the @entity439 and in the parent vessels were similar. Peak and mean flow velocities in the parent arteries did not change significantly with @entity2647 infusion, nor did vessel diameters as measured angiographically.

title: Pressure Changes Within the Sac of @entity1 XXXX in Response to Artificially Induced Transient Increases in Systemic Blood Pressure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5748 :: ('MESH:D009105', 'Disease') :: ['Dual-sensor microwires']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Cerebral Aneurysms']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Formation and rupture of @entity438 have been associated with chronic @entity101 . The effect of transient increase in blood pressure and its effect on intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics have not been studied. We examined the effects of controlled increases in blood pressure on different pressure parameters inside the sac of @entity1 @entity438 and corresponding parent arteries using invasive technology. Twelve @entity1 (10 female, 2 male, age 54  15 years) with unruptured @entity438 undergoing endovascular coiling were recruited. @entity5748 with the capacity to simultaneously measure flow velocity and pressure were used to measure systolic, diastolic, and mean pressure inside the @entity439 sac and to measure both pressures and flow velocities in the feeder vessel just outside the @entity439 . These pressures were recorded simultaneously with pressures from a radial arterial catheter. Measurements were taken at baseline and then during a gradual increase in systemic systolic blood pressure to a target value of    25 mm Hg above baseline, using a @entity2647 infusion. The dose needed to achieve the required increase in radial arterial systolic blood pressure was 0.8  0.2  g/kg/min. There was a clear linear relationship between changes in radial and aneurysmal pressures with substantial @entity1 -by- @entity1 variation in the slopes of those relationships. The overall increases in systolic and mean pressures in both radial artery and in the @entity439 were similar. Pressures in the @entity439 and in the parent vessels were similar. Peak and mean flow velocities in the parent arteries did not change significantly with @entity2647 infusion, nor did vessel diameters as measured angiographically.

title: Pressure Changes Within the Sac of XXXX @entity438 in Response to Artificially Induced Transient Increases in Systemic Blood Pressure.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of @entity9998 ( @entity9998 ) as a risk factor for the development of @entity2994 ( @entity2994 ). METHODS: This was a retrospective, comparative study of the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation in three groups of @entity1 : 48 @entity1 with @entity2994 , 164 @entity1 with @entity2994 ( @entity2994 ), and 70 control @entity1 (70 eyes). All @entity1 were phakic and had no previous diagnosis of @entity726 . @entity1 were matched in terms of age and systemic @entity101 . All @entity1 had normal intraocular pressure (IOP) at presentation (defined as less than or equal to 21 mmHg). RESULTS: In the @entity2994 group, 14 out of 48 @entity1 were diagnosed as having @entity9998 (29.17%). In the @entity2994 group, 14 out of 164 @entity1 had @entity9998 (8.5%), and in the control group, six out of 70 @entity1 had @entity9998 (8.6%). Differences of percentage between groups were statistically significant (P<0.001,    (2) test). When comparing @entity1 subgroup with @entity63 @entity2994 with subgroup with non- @entity63 @entity2994 , we found that in the @entity63 @entity2994 group, 13 out of 27 @entity1 were diagnosed as having @entity9998 (48.15%), and in the non- @entity63 @entity2994 group, one out of 21 @entity1 was diagnosed as having @entity9998 (4.7%; P<0.001,    (2) test). The relative odds of having @entity2994 in @entity1 with @entity9998 versus @entity1 without @entity9998 were 4.406 (confidence interval [CI], 2.03-9.54). CONCLUSION: @entity9998 and @entity2994 , especially @entity63 , are strongly associated in our study. Our results indicate that @entity9998 might be an independent factor for @entity2994 , as it is related with @entity2994 independently from @entity726 .

title: Central XXXX and @entity9998 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['branch retinal vein occlusion', 'BRVO', 'central retinal vein occlusion', 'CRVO']

entities_list: @entity9998 :: ('MESH:D017889', 'Disease') :: ['PXF', 'pseudoexfoliation syndrome']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity2994 :: (MESH:D012170,Disease) :: ['retinal vein occlusion']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of @entity9998 ( @entity9998 ) as a risk factor for the development of @entity2994 ( @entity2994 ). METHODS: This was a retrospective, comparative study of the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation in three groups of @entity1 : 48 @entity1 with @entity2994 , 164 @entity1 with @entity2994 ( @entity2994 ), and 70 control @entity1 (70 eyes). All @entity1 were phakic and had no previous diagnosis of @entity726 . @entity1 were matched in terms of age and systemic @entity101 . All @entity1 had normal intraocular pressure (IOP) at presentation (defined as less than or equal to 21 mmHg). RESULTS: In the @entity2994 group, 14 out of 48 @entity1 were diagnosed as having @entity9998 (29.17%). In the @entity2994 group, 14 out of 164 @entity1 had @entity9998 (8.5%), and in the control group, six out of 70 @entity1 had @entity9998 (8.6%). Differences of percentage between groups were statistically significant (P<0.001,    (2) test). When comparing @entity1 subgroup with @entity63 @entity2994 with subgroup with non- @entity63 @entity2994 , we found that in the @entity63 @entity2994 group, 13 out of 27 @entity1 were diagnosed as having @entity9998 (48.15%), and in the non- @entity63 @entity2994 group, one out of 21 @entity1 was diagnosed as having @entity9998 (4.7%; P<0.001,    (2) test). The relative odds of having @entity2994 in @entity1 with @entity9998 versus @entity1 without @entity9998 were 4.406 (confidence interval [CI], 2.03-9.54). CONCLUSION: @entity9998 and @entity2994 , especially @entity63 , are strongly associated in our study. Our results indicate that @entity9998 might be an independent factor for @entity2994 , as it is related with @entity2994 independently from @entity726 .

title: Central @entity2994 and XXXX .

answer: @entity9998 :: (MESH:D017889,Disease) :: ['pseudoexfoliation syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medication has limited abilities to improve the @entity73 that accompany @entity161 . Adding psychosocial treatment may result in marked improvements in cognitive function, as compared to antipsychotic treatment alone. We hypothesized that a combination of individual and family interventions may be a useful @entity73 paradigm for @entity161 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: An 18-month follow-up clinical trial of 256 stabilized @entity1 with @entity161 at six communities in Shanghai, @entity1 's Republic of China were randomly assigned to into either a comprehensive family therapy (CFT) group or a usual daily care (UDC) group. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were the primary outcome instruments for this study. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the CFT and UDC for all demographic characteristics at the baseline assessment. During the 18-month follow-up observation, changes in RBANS total score indicated that @entity1 undergoing CFT showed greater improvement from baseline to the follow-up assessments in cognitive function than those in the UDC group (F=9.77, P=0.002). Post hoc analysis showed that the CFT group presented with significant differences in the RBANS total score, immediate memory, visuospatial skill, language, attention, and delayed memory sections compared with the UDC after 18 months of follow-up (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that CFT can be easily adapted and may prove to be an effective approach for improving cognitive function in @entity1 with @entity161 . Our program provides a potential paradigm for @entity73 for @entity161 @entity1 in the community.

title: Comprehensive family therapy: an effective approach for @entity73 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'People']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairments', 'cognitive rehabilitation']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medication has limited abilities to improve the @entity73 that accompany @entity161 . Adding psychosocial treatment may result in marked improvements in cognitive function, as compared to antipsychotic treatment alone. We hypothesized that a combination of individual and family interventions may be a useful @entity73 paradigm for @entity161 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: An 18-month follow-up clinical trial of 256 stabilized @entity1 with @entity161 at six communities in Shanghai, @entity1 's Republic of China were randomly assigned to into either a comprehensive family therapy (CFT) group or a usual daily care (UDC) group. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were the primary outcome instruments for this study. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the CFT and UDC for all demographic characteristics at the baseline assessment. During the 18-month follow-up observation, changes in RBANS total score indicated that @entity1 undergoing CFT showed greater improvement from baseline to the follow-up assessments in cognitive function than those in the UDC group (F=9.77, P=0.002). Post hoc analysis showed that the CFT group presented with significant differences in the RBANS total score, immediate memory, visuospatial skill, language, attention, and delayed memory sections compared with the UDC after 18 months of follow-up (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that CFT can be easily adapted and may prove to be an effective approach for improving cognitive function in @entity1 with @entity161 . Our program provides a potential paradigm for @entity73 for @entity161 @entity1 in the community.

title: Comprehensive family therapy: an effective approach for XXXX in @entity161 .

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive rehabilitation']


abstract: Several treatments are currently available for relapsing-remitting @entity15 . Among them, @entity2391 remains a valid treatment approach because of its good benefit/risk profile. Due to the need for frequent administration (weekly, at a minimum), the use of @entity2391 is limited by uncomfortable side effects that could reduce adherence to and persistence with the treatment. The use of subcutaneous @entity968 ( @entity970 )ylated interferon beta-1a (PEG-IFN) has been proposed to offer a better combination of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles and therapy-related side effects. A 125  g dose of PEG-IFN given every 2 or 4 weeks was tested in two Phase I studies and shown to be as safe and efficient as @entity2391 -1a but with a longer half-life. A Phase III trial (ADVANCE) comparing 125  g of PEG-IFN given every 2 or 4 weeks with placebo in 1,512 @entity1 with relapsing-remitting @entity15 showed significant reductions in both the annualized relapse rate (ARR) and the occurrence of new or newly enlarged T2 @entity75 in both experimental groups versus placebo after the first year. Moreover, 38% fewer @entity1 showed progression of disability (P=0.04) in the @entity970 -IFN groups. During the second year, the ARR was further reduced in the @entity970 -IFN 2-week treatment group (0.230 at 1 year versus 0.178 at 2 years) and was maintained in the 4-week treatment group. @entity1 who received immediate PEG-IFN treatment showed improved clinical efficacy (ARR, risk of relapse, 12-week disability progression) and magnetic resonance imaging parameters (new T2 and newly enlarging lesions, @entity2287 -positive lesions) compared with those with delayed treatment. The effects were more evident with the 2-week dose for all endpoints considered. Furthermore, PEG-IFN was well tolerated, and no new safety concerns arose. In conclusion, PEG-IFN has good efficacy and a good safety profile. The available data support the use of PEG-IFN as a suitable therapeutic option in @entity1 with relapsing-remitting @entity15 .

title: Profile of PEGylated interferon beta in the treatment of relapsing-remitting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity2391 :: ('3456', 'Gene') :: ['interferon (IFN) beta', 'IFN beta']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']