abstract: The effects of whole body vibration on the concentrations of @entity1063 (NA), @entity935 (DA), and @entity750 ( @entity750 ) in the whole brain and brain regions of @entity35 were investigated. Compared with control @entity35 , vibration with 20 Hz frequency decreased the brain concentration of NA only when the acceleration (intensity) was increased to 5.0 G (p less than 0.05). The concentration of DA in the whole brain was not affected by acceleration. When acceleration was kept at a constant 0.4 G level and @entity35 were exposed for the same 240 minute period to 5, 20, or 30 Hz vibration, neither NA nor DA concentrations changed in the whole brain. Regional changes in the concentration of biogenic @entity4478 in the brain of @entity35 exposed to vibration of 20 Hz and 5.0 G showed few significant differences. Thus NA significantly decreased only in the hypothalamus (p less than 0.01), although in the hippocampus the decrease was nearly significant (p less than 0.10). The concentration of @entity750 significantly increased in the hypothalamus and cerebellum (p less than 0.05). DA tended to increase in the cortex and decrease in the striatum (p less than 0.10). These experiments seem to indicate that NA in the whole brain and especially in the hypothalamus is a better indicator of vibration exposure than @entity750 , and that NA is affected by the intensity but not by the frequency of vibration. NA and @entity750 in the hypothalamus change in the opposite direction. DA concentrations in the brain are basically unaffected by vibration.

title: Effects of whole body vibration on biogenic XXXX in @entity35 brain.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity4478 :: (MESH:D000588,Chemical) :: ['amines']


abstract: The effects of whole body vibration on the concentrations of @entity1063 (NA), @entity935 (DA), and @entity750 ( @entity750 ) in the whole brain and brain regions of @entity35 were investigated. Compared with control @entity35 , vibration with 20 Hz frequency decreased the brain concentration of NA only when the acceleration (intensity) was increased to 5.0 G (p less than 0.05). The concentration of DA in the whole brain was not affected by acceleration. When acceleration was kept at a constant 0.4 G level and @entity35 were exposed for the same 240 minute period to 5, 20, or 30 Hz vibration, neither NA nor DA concentrations changed in the whole brain. Regional changes in the concentration of biogenic @entity4478 in the brain of @entity35 exposed to vibration of 20 Hz and 5.0 G showed few significant differences. Thus NA significantly decreased only in the hypothalamus (p less than 0.01), although in the hippocampus the decrease was nearly significant (p less than 0.10). The concentration of @entity750 significantly increased in the hypothalamus and cerebellum (p less than 0.05). DA tended to increase in the cortex and decrease in the striatum (p less than 0.10). These experiments seem to indicate that NA in the whole brain and especially in the hypothalamus is a better indicator of vibration exposure than @entity750 , and that NA is affected by the intensity but not by the frequency of vibration. NA and @entity750 in the hypothalamus change in the opposite direction. DA concentrations in the brain are basically unaffected by vibration.

title: Effects of whole body vibration on biogenic @entity4478 in XXXX brain.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The cytolytic activity of @entity1 natural killer cells is induced by several triggering cell surface receptors upon interaction with specific cellular ligands. These receptors include @entity3222 , @entity3221 and @entity19124 , collectively termed natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCR). Co-operation among NCR has been shown to occur for optimal recognition and killing of most @entity5 target cells. In this study, we show that the mAb-mediated engagement and clustering of one or another NCR results in the activation of an identical set of @entity669 kinases. These kinases are included in the signaling cascade leading to @entity669 phosphorylation of different receptor-associated signal transducing molecules i.e. @entity12711 (associated with @entity3222 and @entity3221 ) and @entity9656 / @entity9656 (associated with @entity19124 ). In line with the notion that the engagement of inhibitory receptors prevents NCR-mediated responses, we show that the engagement of @entity9706 / @entity9707 virtually abrogates the @entity669 phosphorylation of the NCR-associated signaling molecules, i.e. it acts at the very early steps of the signaling cascade. Importantly, the engagement of a single NCR resulted in the activation of the signaling cascades associated with the other NCR. This "cross-talk" is confined to @entity3222 , @entity3221 and @entity19124 since neither @entity4071 -nor @entity32883 -associated signaling polypeptides were phosphorylated following the NCR engagement. These results suggest that a functional cross-talk specifically occurs among different NCR, possibly resulting in the amplification of the activating signals.

title: Selective cross-talk among natural cytotoxicity receptors in XXXX natural killer cells.

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 who undergo partial nephrectomy have been shown to be at decreased risk of @entity8 compared with radical nephrectomy. We examined the oncological outcome of @entity1 in our centre who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy for T1 @entity703 (7 cm or smaller), and compared the likelihood of developing @entity740 . METHODS: This historical cohort study with internal comparison was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Hong Kong. A cohort of 86 @entity1 with solitary T1 @entity703 and a normal contralateral kidney who underwent radical (38 @entity1 ) or partial (48 @entity1 ) nephrectomy between January 2005 and December 2010 was included. The overall and @entity5 -free survival, change in glomerular filtration rate, and new onset of @entity740 were compared between the radical and partial nephrectomy groups. RESULTS: A total of 32 (84%) radical nephrectomy @entity1 and 43 (90%) partial nephrectomy @entity1 were alive by 31 December 2012. The mean follow-up was 43.5 (standard deviation, 22.4) months. There was no significant difference in overall survival (P=0.29) or @entity5 -free survival (P=0.29) between the two groups. Both groups enjoyed good oncological outcome with no recurrence in the partial nephrectomy group. Overall, 18 (21%) @entity1 had pre-existing @entity740 . The partial nephrectomy group had a significantly smaller median reduction in glomerular filtration rate (12.6% vs 35.4%; P<0.001), and radical nephrectomy carried a significantly higher risk of developing @entity740 (hazard ratio=5.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-23.55; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with radical nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy can prevent @entity740 and still achieve an excellent oncological outcome for @entity703 , in particular T1a @entity5 and @entity5 with a low R.E.N.A.L. score.

title: Partial nephrectomy for T1 XXXX can achieve an equivalent oncological outcome to radical nephrectomy with better renal preservation: the way to go.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal cancer', 'T1 renal tumours']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Soluble @entity69 receptor (sTfR) in serum has been suggested as a marker for @entity0 diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. However, sTfR levels in some situations could be far below the limit of quantification (LOQ) of most assays. Thus, an efficient sample pretreatment strategy is required. In this study, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were developed and coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC- @entity15 / @entity15 )-based targeted proteomics for sTfR measurement. The key to this effort was that the same surrogate peptide of sTfR (VEYHFLSPYVSPK, VK13) was employed in both the enrichment by MIPs and the quantification by targeted proteomics. Specifically, three peptide templates with different lengths were evaluated for the synthesis of MIPs, and the imprinting conditions were optimized. The characteristics of MIPs, including the adsorption capacity, adsorption kinetics, and binding selectivity, were also investigated. As a result, a    12-fold enhancement of sensitivity was achieved using MIPs. An LOQ of 200 ng  mL(-1) was obtained. The intra- and interday precision were <10.7 and 7.8%, respectively. The accuracy was 7.5% at the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) and <8.4% for the other QC levels. After validation, the assay was applied to determine the sTfR levels in @entity0 @entity1 (n = 20) and healthy volunteers (n = 20) using the standard addition method. The corresponding levels of sTfR were 1.59    0.36  g  mL(-1) (range: 0.96-2.34  g  mL(-1)) in the volunteers and 1.82    0.42  g  mL(-1) (range: 0.95-2.47  g  mL(-1)) in the @entity1 . This study is among the first to combine MIPs and LC- @entity15 / @entity15 targeted proteomics for protein quantification at the peptide level.

title: Efficient Molecular Imprinting Strategy for Quantitative Targeted Proteomics of @entity1 XXXX Receptor in Depleted Human Serum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity69 :: (7018,Gene) :: ['Transferrin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Soluble @entity69 receptor (sTfR) in serum has been suggested as a marker for @entity0 diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. However, sTfR levels in some situations could be far below the limit of quantification (LOQ) of most assays. Thus, an efficient sample pretreatment strategy is required. In this study, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were developed and coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC- @entity15 / @entity15 )-based targeted proteomics for sTfR measurement. The key to this effort was that the same surrogate peptide of sTfR (VEYHFLSPYVSPK, VK13) was employed in both the enrichment by MIPs and the quantification by targeted proteomics. Specifically, three peptide templates with different lengths were evaluated for the synthesis of MIPs, and the imprinting conditions were optimized. The characteristics of MIPs, including the adsorption capacity, adsorption kinetics, and binding selectivity, were also investigated. As a result, a    12-fold enhancement of sensitivity was achieved using MIPs. An LOQ of 200 ng  mL(-1) was obtained. The intra- and interday precision were <10.7 and 7.8%, respectively. The accuracy was 7.5% at the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) and <8.4% for the other QC levels. After validation, the assay was applied to determine the sTfR levels in @entity0 @entity1 (n = 20) and healthy volunteers (n = 20) using the standard addition method. The corresponding levels of sTfR were 1.59    0.36  g  mL(-1) (range: 0.96-2.34  g  mL(-1)) in the volunteers and 1.82    0.42  g  mL(-1) (range: 0.95-2.47  g  mL(-1)) in the @entity1 . This study is among the first to combine MIPs and LC- @entity15 / @entity15 targeted proteomics for protein quantification at the peptide level.

title: Efficient Molecular Imprinting Strategy for Quantitative Targeted Proteomics of XXXX @entity69 Receptor in Depleted Human Serum.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: Nicotinic @entity934 receptors (nAChRs) are pentameric ligand gated ion channels, which are found at the neuromuscular junction and in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The channels can be assembled from fourteen known subunits. The exact combination and function of all the channels are still not determined but in the CNS certain combinations have been identified which appear to modulate the release of specific neurotransmitters. Non-specific @entity6786 agonists like @entity1239 and @entity26331 , have been shown to have interesting pharmacology but their clinical value is limited by their undesirable side effects. Selective ligands for different receptor subtypes have been reported and these compounds are probably the best tools for determining the function of the subtypes. The expectation is that some receptor subtype selective @entity6786 ligands will be clinically useful for the treatment of a broad range of @entity9555 . The development of stable cell lines functionally expressing specific combinations of subunits has greatly improved our understanding of ligand specificity. There have also been advances in the modelling of the ligand binding site, thanks to the discovery of a homologous snail ACh binding protein the X-ray structure of which was determined in 2001. These techniques should lead to rapid advances in the development of truly subtype selective ligands. In this review we describe recent progress in the area and describe the first 1000 fold selective low molecular weight ligands from the AstraZeneca group. We also comment on the first subtype specific channel modulators.

title: Recent progress in the development of subtype selective nicotinic XXXX receptor ligands.

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity9555 :: ('MESH:D001928', 'Disease') :: ['CNS disorders']

entities_list: @entity26331 :: ('MESH:C082748', 'Chemical') :: ['epibatidine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: A series of 46 @entity1 treated by the author since January 1972 for @entity340 is presented: 22% were diagnosed at birth, 28% as neonates and 52% in the first 3 months of life. Ninety-three per cent had unilateral or bilateral dilatation of the upper urinary tract at the time the valves were diagnosed and 72% had ureteric reflux. Unilateral reflux occurred into the left ureter twice as often as the right. @entity177 was present at the time of diagnosis in 72% of all of the @entity1 but in 83% of those aged less than 3 months. Surface urinary diversion was used minimally during post-operative management and contributed little to the recovery of renal function. @entity354 disappeared spontaneously in one-third of the refluxing ureters. @entity384 subsided spontaneously in 57% of dilated ureters. Surgery was performed mostly for reflux. Non-refluxing ureteric dilatation was made worse by surgery in a few instances and in others the dilatation improved with time rather than as a result of surgery. Renal function returned to normal in over 60% of the @entity1 who were in @entity177 at diagnosis. Measurement of glomerular filtration rate was the most accurate method of predicting recovery of renal function: a value of less than 50% of normal for age at the time of diagnosis forecast persistent @entity177 with all its attendant complications.

title: Management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['Ureteric dilatation']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'chronic renal failure', 'Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['congenital posterior urethral valves']

answer: @entity340 :: (MESH:D006349,Disease) :: ['congenital posterior urethral valves']


abstract: @entity911 exists concerning the influence of pregnancy on survival in @entity1 with @entity320 . To evaluate this problem a retrospective computer-aided study was performed of @entity1 in the @entity1 -bearing years treated for Stage I cutaneous @entity320 at the Duke University Comprehensive @entity5 Center. Fifty-eight @entity1 were identified who had @entity320 arise during pregnancy (Group 1) and 43 @entity1 were noted who became pregnant within 5 years of diagnosis of their @entity320 (Group 2). Appropriate control groups matched for the clinical variables of age, primary site, and stage of disease and the pathologic variables of Clark's Level, @entity5 thickness, @entity1066 , and histologic type were selected from the cohort of 2938 @entity320 @entity1 seen at Duke. Actuarial survivals for Group 1 and 2 @entity1 did not differ from their respective controls, although the small number of @entity204 in each group resulted in wide confidence intervals. When actuarial disease-free intervals were plotted, there was a significant difference between @entity1 who had @entity320 develop during pregnancy when compared to their controls (P = 0.04). In a multivariate regression analysis, after adjustment for the influence of the more significant prognostic factors for Stage 1 @entity320 , including Clark's Level, @entity1066 and @entity5 thickness, the effect of pregnancy on disease-free interval became more apparent (P = 0.02). No difference in actuarial disease-free interval was noted in the @entity320 @entity1 who elected to become pregnant within 5 years of diagnosis (P = 0.31). A multivariate regression analysis confirmed this finding. These data indicate that although an intercurrent @entity320 during pregnancy has a worse prognosis than the control groups, once a @entity1 has been diagnosed as having a cutaneous @entity320 , a subsequent pregnancy has no effect on recurrence rate or survival.

title: XXXX and pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['Confusion']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['Malignant melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Impaired decision-making is a potential neurocognitive phenotype of @entity1277 . It is therefore important to disentangle the decision-making deficits associated with the @entity1277 subtypes and determine whether this putative impairment is a state or trait marker of the disease or more related to starvation. We systematically reviewed the literature on decision-making in @entity1277 and conducted a meta-analysis to explore its role in @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ), @entity1279 ( @entity1279 ) and @entity5550 ( @entity5550 ). METHOD: A search of the Medline and EMBASE databases and article references was performed. A total of 23 studies (2044 @entity1 ) met the selection criteria. When the Iowa gambling task (IGT) was used in at least three of the studies, a meta-analysis was run. RESULTS: IGT performance was significantly worse in @entity1 with an @entity1277 diagnosis ( @entity1278 , @entity1279 or @entity5550 ) compared with healthy controls, indicating that @entity1277 have a negative effect on decision-making. Hedges' g effect sizes were moderate to large (-0.72 in @entity1278 , -0.62 in @entity1279 , and -1.26 in @entity5550 ). Recovered @entity1278 @entity1 had IGT scores similar to those of healthy controls. Restrictive @entity1278 @entity1 had significantly lower IGT net scores than purging @entity1278 @entity1 , and both @entity1278 subtypes had worse performances than healthy controls. Age and body mass index did not explain results. CONCLUSIONS: Decision-making was significantly altered in @entity1 with @entity1277 . Poor decision-making was more pronounced during the acute phase than in the recovered state of @entity1278 . Nutritional status during the acute phase of the disease did not seem to influence decision-making skills.

title: Impaired decision-making in symptomatic anorexia and XXXX @entity1 : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa', 'AN']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders', 'eating disorder']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa', 'BN']

entities_list: @entity5550 :: ('MESH:D056912', 'Disease') :: ['BED', 'binge-eating disorder']

answer: @entity1279 :: (MESH:D052018,Disease) :: ['bulimia nervosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Impaired decision-making is a potential neurocognitive phenotype of @entity1277 . It is therefore important to disentangle the decision-making deficits associated with the @entity1277 subtypes and determine whether this putative impairment is a state or trait marker of the disease or more related to starvation. We systematically reviewed the literature on decision-making in @entity1277 and conducted a meta-analysis to explore its role in @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ), @entity1279 ( @entity1279 ) and @entity5550 ( @entity5550 ). METHOD: A search of the Medline and EMBASE databases and article references was performed. A total of 23 studies (2044 @entity1 ) met the selection criteria. When the Iowa gambling task (IGT) was used in at least three of the studies, a meta-analysis was run. RESULTS: IGT performance was significantly worse in @entity1 with an @entity1277 diagnosis ( @entity1278 , @entity1279 or @entity5550 ) compared with healthy controls, indicating that @entity1277 have a negative effect on decision-making. Hedges' g effect sizes were moderate to large (-0.72 in @entity1278 , -0.62 in @entity1279 , and -1.26 in @entity5550 ). Recovered @entity1278 @entity1 had IGT scores similar to those of healthy controls. Restrictive @entity1278 @entity1 had significantly lower IGT net scores than purging @entity1278 @entity1 , and both @entity1278 subtypes had worse performances than healthy controls. Age and body mass index did not explain results. CONCLUSIONS: Decision-making was significantly altered in @entity1 with @entity1277 . Poor decision-making was more pronounced during the acute phase than in the recovered state of @entity1278 . Nutritional status during the acute phase of the disease did not seem to influence decision-making skills.

title: Impaired decision-making in symptomatic anorexia and @entity1279 XXXX : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Metabotropic @entity2227 receptors (mGlu) are @entity3007 -binding (G) protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are involved in learning and memory, cardiovascular control and motor function. Their structure and pharmacology has been reviewed recently in Current Drug Targets: CNS and @entity16 (Vol. 1, Issue 3) where their roles in a variety of @entity16 were highlighted. The present review focuses on the emerging evidence for interactions of mGlu receptors with other GPCRs in the CNS at the membrane interface and amongst signaling cascades in the cytosol (e.g. intracellular @entity141 , @entity268 and scaffolding proteins). While initially non-selective activity was thought to be responsible for many atypical responses, increasing evidence points to GPCR interactions in neurons and glia, with adrenoceptors, @entity859 receptors, @entity935 receptors and muscarinic receptors. For example, group II mGlu receptors were found to be required for group I mGlu receptor induction of long-term potentiation at the postsynaptic terminal. Increasing evidence demonstrates the intimate interaction of @entity859 receptors and mGlu receptors, particularly in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. While @entity859 itself can be released from astrocytes by co-activation of group II mGlu and beta-adrenergic receptors. Given the complexity of @entity16 such as @entity385 , @entity195 and @entity302 , exploitation mGlu receptor-associated GPCR interactions may prove efficacious in the treatment of such disorders.

title: Emerging signalling and protein interactions mediated via metabotropic XXXX receptors.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders', 'Neurological Disorders']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity2227 :: (CHEBI:29987,Chemical) :: ['glutamate']


abstract: Neural- and endocrine mechanisms controlling @entity528 of a dorsal longitudinal flight muscle, M112a, have been studied in adult Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). @entity12644 completely prevented @entity121 . Implantation of a pair of corpora allata or injection of juvenile hormone III into decapitated crickets caused @entity121 . Denervation of M112a resulted in reduction of muscle mass compared with that in sham-operated crickets. Denervation of M112a in decapitated crickets, however, did not affect muscle mass. Birefringence and ultrastructure of M112a showed an obvious regional difference in the onset of @entity528 . Fibrillar structures of M112a always disappeared from the ventral to dorsal part. Distribution of axon terminals of motor neurons and mechanical responses to the motor nerve stimuli showed that M112a is composed of five motor units with similar twitch properties. When M112a was fully denervated, regional differences in @entity528 disappeared. Partial denervation resulted in denervated muscle fibers losing birefringence earlier than innervated fibers. These results suggest that juvenile hormone causes breakdown of flight muscles, and neural factors control @entity528 of flight muscles to some extent under the presence of the juvenile hormone.

title: Neural- and endocrine control of flight XXXX in the adult cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus.

entities_list: @entity12644 :: ('MESH:D049248', 'Disease') :: ['Decapitation']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle degeneration']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['muscle degeneration']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There remains a population of @entity1 with @entity449 that cannot be treated by conventional endovascular means. @entity655 ( @entity655 ) are a novel approach for the treatment of @entity449 ; this study reports outcomes of a UK pilot study of first-generation @entity655 in thoraco-abdominal (TAAA) and perirenal @entity439 (PAA) in @entity1 who were also unfit for open surgery. METHODS: @entity1 with TAAA and PAA unfit for open surgery and with no conventional options for endovascular repair were recruited. Follow-up included CTA at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, then annually. Outcome measures included 30 day mortality, growth-free survival, branch vessel patency, complications, re-intervention, and maximal aortic diameter. RESULTS: @entity655 were implanted in 14 @entity1 (6 PAA, 8 TAAA) between October 2011 and March 2014 with one (7%) 30 day death and 11 (79%) surviving to 12 months. The median @entity439 growth was 9  mm in the first 12 months following implantation. On mean follow-up of 22.8 months, seven (50%) @entity1 had died including one confirmed @entity397 . AAA diameter remained stable in only two of the surviving @entity1 . Fifty of 51 covered aortic branches remained patent with no @entity887 or symptoms of ischaemia in any @entity1 . @entity655 dislocation occurred in four @entity1 , leading to re-intervention in two. A total of six re-interventions were performed in five @entity1 (35%) with one post-re-intervention death. CONCLUSION: These first-generation @entity655 were unstable and dislocated frequently. It is uncertain whether @entity655 implantation influenced the natural history of these @entity439 as none decreased in size, but two remain stable after a mean of 22.8 months. Although side branch patency was maintained, our results do not support the continued use of these first-generation devices. Further development is needed if this technology is to have a role in treatment of @entity449 .

title: Multi-layer Flow-modulating Stents for Thoraco-abdominal and Peri-renal XXXX : The UK Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm', 'aortic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolic episodes']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity655 :: ('MESH:C535504', 'Disease') :: ['MFMS', 'Multi-layer flow modulating stents']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['Aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity699 ( @entity699 ) is associated with high cardiovascular risk. @entity62 ( @entity62 ) are common on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in @entity1 with increased cardiovascular risk. AIM: To investigate the relationship between cardiovascular risk, @entity62 , neuropsychological performance and brain volume in @entity699 . DESIGN/METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity1 with @entity699 (23 in remission, 15 active) and 38 controls sex-, age- and education-level matched underwent a neuropsychological and clinical evaluation, blood and urine tests and 3Tesla brain MRI. @entity62 were analysed with the Scheltens scale. Ten-year cardiovascular risk (10CVR) and @entity455 ( @entity455 ) were calculated according to an algorithm based on the Framingham heart study. RESULTS: @entity1 in remission had a higher degree of @entity62 than controls and active @entity1 (P<0.001 and P=0.008 respectively), which did not correlate with cognitive performance in any group. @entity62 severity positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (r=0.659, P=0.001) and duration of @entity101 (r=0.478, P=0.021) in @entity1 in remission.   Both @entity1 groups (active and in remission) had higher 10CVR (P=0.030, P=0.041) and @entity455 than controls (P=0.013, P=0.039). Neither the 10CVR nor the @entity455 correlated with @entity62 , although both negatively correlated with cognitive function and brain volume in @entity1 in remission (P<0.05).   Total brain volume and grey matter volume in both @entity699 @entity1 groups were reduced compared to controls (total volume: active P=0.006, in remission P=0.012; grey matter: active P=0.001, in remission P=0.003), with no differences in white matter volume between groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 in remission of @entity699 (but not active @entity1 ) have more severe @entity62 than controls, positively correlated with diastolic pressure and duration of @entity101 . Ten-year cardiovascular risk and @entity455 appear to be negatively correlated with the cognitive function and brain volume in @entity1 in remission of @entity699 .

title: Cardiovascular risk and XXXX after endocrine control of @entity699 .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['VA', 'vascular age']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ['CS', "Cushing's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter lesions', 'White matter lesions', 'WML']

answer: @entity62 :: (MESH:D056784,Disease) :: ['white matter lesions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity699 ( @entity699 ) is associated with high cardiovascular risk. @entity62 ( @entity62 ) are common on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in @entity1 with increased cardiovascular risk. AIM: To investigate the relationship between cardiovascular risk, @entity62 , neuropsychological performance and brain volume in @entity699 . DESIGN/METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity1 with @entity699 (23 in remission, 15 active) and 38 controls sex-, age- and education-level matched underwent a neuropsychological and clinical evaluation, blood and urine tests and 3Tesla brain MRI. @entity62 were analysed with the Scheltens scale. Ten-year cardiovascular risk (10CVR) and @entity455 ( @entity455 ) were calculated according to an algorithm based on the Framingham heart study. RESULTS: @entity1 in remission had a higher degree of @entity62 than controls and active @entity1 (P<0.001 and P=0.008 respectively), which did not correlate with cognitive performance in any group. @entity62 severity positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (r=0.659, P=0.001) and duration of @entity101 (r=0.478, P=0.021) in @entity1 in remission.   Both @entity1 groups (active and in remission) had higher 10CVR (P=0.030, P=0.041) and @entity455 than controls (P=0.013, P=0.039). Neither the 10CVR nor the @entity455 correlated with @entity62 , although both negatively correlated with cognitive function and brain volume in @entity1 in remission (P<0.05).   Total brain volume and grey matter volume in both @entity699 @entity1 groups were reduced compared to controls (total volume: active P=0.006, in remission P=0.012; grey matter: active P=0.001, in remission P=0.003), with no differences in white matter volume between groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 in remission of @entity699 (but not active @entity1 ) have more severe @entity62 than controls, positively correlated with diastolic pressure and duration of @entity101 . Ten-year cardiovascular risk and @entity455 appear to be negatively correlated with the cognitive function and brain volume in @entity1 in remission of @entity699 .

title: Cardiovascular risk and @entity62 after endocrine control of XXXX .

answer: @entity699 :: (MESH:D003480,Disease) :: ['Cushing's syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity420 ( @entity420 ) of salivary glands are rare @entity5 that mostly affect the major salivary glands. They are generally considered @entity189 that are locally destruc.tive and tend to recur, but only occasionally metastasize. Currently there are only a few reported cases of distant metastases from BCAC, and @entity3 to the liver is not previously described. We report the first case of BCAC with histologically confirmed liver metastases. A 40-year-old @entity1 presented with a 2-month history of a painless swelling in the left buccal region. The lesion was completely resected, and the @entity1 underwent postoperative radiotherapy. Permanent histology and immunohistochemical studies revealed a BCAC of the buccal minor salivary gland. After 14 months, two hepatic metastatic nodules were detected. The @entity1 underwent a partial hepatectomy with adjuvant chemotherapy. No evidence of progressive disease or further recurrence was observed for 20 months after the hepatic metastasectomy. @entity420 grow indolently and long-term survival can be expected. Surgery should be considered in selected @entity1 as a therapeutic option in metastatic disease.

title: XXXX of the buccal minor salivary gland with liver metastases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['low-grade carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['Basal cell adenocarcinomas', 'BCACs']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['Basal cell adenocarcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity227 ( @entity227 ) are common and frequently occur after @entity64 . They significantly impair visual function and cause disability particularly with regard to visual exploration. The purpose of this study was to assess a novel interventional treatment of monocular prism therapy on visual functioning in @entity1 with @entity227 of varied etiology using vision targeted, health-related quality of life (QOL) questionnaires. Our secondary aim was to confirm monocular and binocular visual field expansion pre- and posttreatment. METHODS: Twelve @entity1 with acquired, documented @entity227 were eligible to be included. All @entity1 underwent specific vision-targeted, health-related QOL questionnaire and monocular and binocular Goldmann perimetry before commencing prism therapy. @entity1 were fitted with monocular prisms on the side of the @entity227 with the base-in the direction of the field defect creating a peripheral optical exotropia and field expansion. After the treatment period, QOL questionnaires and perimetry were repeated. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 were included in the treatment group, 10 of whom were included in data analysis. Overall, there was significant improvement within multiple vision-related, QOL functioning parameters, specifically within the domains of general health (p < 0.01), general vision (p < 0.05), distance vision (p < 0.01), peripheral vision (p < 0.05), role difficulties (p < 0.05), dependency (p < 0.05), and social functioning (p < 0.05). Visual field expansion was shown when measured monocularly and binocularly during the study period in comparison with pretreatment baselines. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity227 demonstrate decreased QOL. Monocular sector prisms can improve the QOL and expand the visual field in these @entity1 .

title: Prism therapy and visual rehabilitation in homonymous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Homonymous visual field defects', 'HVFD']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular accidents']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['visual field loss']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are key cellular targets for effective @entity5 therapy, due to their critical roles in @entity5 progression and chemo/radio-resistance. Emerging evidence demonstrates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important players in the biology of @entity5 . However, it remains unknown whether lncRNAs could be exploited to target CSCs. We report that large intergenic non-coding RNA @entity5207 ( @entity72489 ) is a potent suppressor of stem-like traits of CSCs purified from both primary @entity14 ( @entity14 ) tissues and cell lines. A novel @entity72489 -expressing adenoviral vector, which was armed with miRNA responsive element (MRE) of @entity771 (Ad-lnc- @entity5207 -MRE), was generated to eliminate @entity14 CSCs. Integration of @entity771 MREs into the adenovirus efficiently delivered @entity72489 into CSCs that contained low levels of @entity771 . Moreover, @entity72489 inhibited the activity of b-catenin signaling, thereby attenuating the viability, self-renewal, and glycolysis of CSCs in vitro. By limiting dilution and serial @entity5 formation assay, we demonstrated that Ad-lnc- @entity5207 -MRE significantly suppressed the self-renewal potential and tumorigenicity of CSCs in @entity19 . Importantly, application of @entity771 MREs appeared to protect normal liver cells from off-target expression of @entity72489 in both @entity5 -bearing and na  ve @entity19 . Taken together, these findings suggest that lncRNAs may be promising therapeutic molecules to eradicate CSCs and @entity5 -suppressor miRNAs, such as @entity771 , may be exploited to ensure the specificity of CSC-targeting strategies.

title: miRNA-regulated delivery of XXXX suppresses b-catenin signaling and tumorigenicity of @entity14 stem cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'MREs of tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity72489 :: (100504267,Gene) :: ['lincRNA-p21']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are key cellular targets for effective @entity5 therapy, due to their critical roles in @entity5 progression and chemo/radio-resistance. Emerging evidence demonstrates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important players in the biology of @entity5 . However, it remains unknown whether lncRNAs could be exploited to target CSCs. We report that large intergenic non-coding RNA @entity5207 ( @entity72489 ) is a potent suppressor of stem-like traits of CSCs purified from both primary @entity14 ( @entity14 ) tissues and cell lines. A novel @entity72489 -expressing adenoviral vector, which was armed with miRNA responsive element (MRE) of @entity771 (Ad-lnc- @entity5207 -MRE), was generated to eliminate @entity14 CSCs. Integration of @entity771 MREs into the adenovirus efficiently delivered @entity72489 into CSCs that contained low levels of @entity771 . Moreover, @entity72489 inhibited the activity of b-catenin signaling, thereby attenuating the viability, self-renewal, and glycolysis of CSCs in vitro. By limiting dilution and serial @entity5 formation assay, we demonstrated that Ad-lnc- @entity5207 -MRE significantly suppressed the self-renewal potential and tumorigenicity of CSCs in @entity19 . Importantly, application of @entity771 MREs appeared to protect normal liver cells from off-target expression of @entity72489 in both @entity5 -bearing and na  ve @entity19 . Taken together, these findings suggest that lncRNAs may be promising therapeutic molecules to eradicate CSCs and @entity5 -suppressor miRNAs, such as @entity771 , may be exploited to ensure the specificity of CSC-targeting strategies.

title: miRNA-regulated delivery of @entity72489 suppresses b-catenin signaling and tumorigenicity of XXXX stem cells.

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We have previously reported two trials in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) evaluating vaccine therapy with the telomerase peptide GV1001. The studies demonstrated considerable differences in survival among immune responders, highlighting that an immune response is not necessarily beneficial. In the present study, we conducted long-term clinical follow-up and investigated immunological factors hypothesized to influence clinical efficacy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 33 @entity1149 trial @entity1 and 15 healthy donors were analyzed by flow cytometry for T regulatory cells (Tregs, CD4(+) @entity2902 (+)CD127(low/-)FOXP3(+)) and two types of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs, HLA-DR (low) @entity5750 (+) or Lin (-/lo) HLA-DR (-) @entity1116 (+) @entity9536 (+)). T cell cultures were analyzed for 17 cytokines. The results demonstrated that immune responders had increased overall survival (OS, p  <  0.001) and progression-free survival (p  =  0.003), compared to subjects without immunological response. The mean OS advantage was 54 versus 13  months. Six @entity1 were still alive at the last clinical update, all belonging to the immune responders. No serious @entity137 had developed (maximum observation 13  years). Most @entity1 developed a polyfunctional cytokine profile, with high IFNy/ @entity3646 and IFNy/ @entity688 ratios. Low Treg levels were associated with improved OS (p  =  0.037) and a favorable cytokine profile, including higher IFNy/ @entity688 ratios. High @entity1116 (+) MDSC levels were associated with poorer immune response rate (p  =  0.005). The levels of @entity5750 (+) MDSC were significantly higher in @entity1 than in healthy controls (p  =  0.012). We conclude that a randomized GV1001 trial in @entity1149 is warranted. The findings suggest that Tregs and MDSCs are associated with a tolerogenic cytokine milieu and impaired clinical efficacy of vaccine responses.

title: Immunological factors influencing clinical outcome in lung cancer XXXX after telomerase peptide vaccination.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) extract (Hp) represents one of the most useful natural therapeutic agents in the treatment of moderate and mild @entity308 . The antidepressant effects of Hp are different, by a molecular mechanism point of view, when compared to those of other antidepressant drugs and, we think, a further pharmacological characterization is needed. It is suggested that the neurochemical effects of Hp could be bind either to its activity on the uptake of some mediators in the central nervous system or to the inhibition of some enzymatic activity at the receptor level. The present study carried out with the loose patch clamp (LPC) in the @entity19 neuromuscular junction, indicates a potentiation of the @entity934 ( @entity3451 ) action at the @entity19 neuromuscular junction. The spontaneous release of @entity3451 was unaffected by Hp indicating that neither presynaptic nor postsynaptic function are modified by Hp. Indeed, both the frequency and the amplitude of the miniature end-plate currents (mepcs) were unmodified by Hp. Furthermore, the mepcs decay time (tau), i.e. the apparent cholinergic channel life time, was significantly increased after Hp treatment. The other parameter affected was the amplitude of the evoked end-plate currents (epcs) which was constantly and in a dose dependent manner increased by Hp. These findings suggest a possible action of Hp on the @entity4360 ( @entity4360 ) in terms of a reduction of the degradation rate of @entity3451 .

title: Effects of Hypericum extract on the XXXX release: a loose patch clamp approach.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity4360 :: ('11423(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['AChE', 'acetylcholinesterase']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the characteristic features of @entity62 associated with granular @entity3985 (GCD2). METHODS: Five @entity1 with GCD2 associated with the @entity14668 mutation (2 homozygous GCD2 and 3 heterozygotes) were examined. The @entity2687 of all @entity1 were assessed and reviewed by slit-lamp photographs. Density line profiles of corneal surfaces were evaluated around the discrete @entity2687 using Image J software. A Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography with @entity267 anterior module was used to visualize the characteristic surrounding features of these granular deposits. A histopathological study of the homozygous corneal specimen obtained after keratoplasty was performed. RESULTS: Slit-lamp images and densitometry line profiles showed that discrete granules were surrounded by relatively clear areas in all @entity1 . The Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography image clearly showed highly reflective lesions, corresponding to the @entity2687 , surrounded by lower reflective areas. Histopathological study revealed comparable findings to the optical coherence tomography image. Serial comparison of slit-lamp photographs demonstrated a recurrence pattern after penetrating keratoplasty in a homozygous @entity1 and natural progression in a heterozygote @entity1 . They were similar in that diffuse fine granules gradually increased in density and discrete granular deposits also enlarged or were newly formed. CONCLUSIONS: In GCD2, discrete @entity62 were surrounded by rather lucid areas and fine granular haze. These findings suggest that @entity62 may be formed by aggregation of surrounding fine granules.

title: Characteristic features of granular deposit formation in granular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3985 :: ('MESH:D003317', 'Disease') :: ['corneal dystrophy type 2']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal deposits']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white granular deposits']

answer: @entity3985 :: (MESH:D003317,Disease) :: ['corneal dystrophy type 2']


abstract: Phagostimulatory effects of pH values of @entity969 on Rhagoletis pomonella adults were studied in the laboratory. Flies were standardized for age, diet and food deprivation. Two presentation schemes were employed. The first varied pH value (3.0-10.0) with @entity969 concentration kept constant at 40%. The second varied both @entity969 concentration (8%, 24% and 40%) and pH value (5.0-8.0). @entity238 feeding propensity was evaluated by observation of @entity238 acceptance or rejection of @entity969 and duration of feeding. When tested on red wooden spheres treated with 40% @entity969 , @entity238 feeding acceptance was significantly greater when pH ranged from 5.0 to 8.0, and duration of feeding was significantly longer at pH 6.0-7.0. At pH </=4.0 or pH >/=8.0, feeding propensity was significantly reduced. Decrease in @entity969 concentration significantly increased @entity238 sensitivity to pH. Males were more responsive to varying pH than females. The @entity969 pH shown to stimulate maximal feeding response was 6.4. Such information is relevant to formulation improvement of a coating mixture of @entity969 and insecticide applied to red spheres as part of apple maggot @entity238 control programs.

title: Effects of pH on feeding responses in the apple maggot XXXX , Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae).

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['fly']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the variations in bioavailability remaining in industrial and agricultural soils contaminated by @entity2555 ( @entity2556 ) after bioremediation. After inoculation of Mycobacterium sp. and Mucor sp., @entity2556 biodegradation was tested on a manufactured gas plant (MGP) soil and an agricultural soil. @entity2556 bioavailability was assessed before and after biodegradation using solid-phase extraction (Tenax-TA extraction) and solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) to represent bioaccessibility and chemical activity of @entity2556 , respectively. Only 3- and 4-ring @entity2556 were noticeably biodegradable in the MGP soil. @entity2556 biodegradation in the agricultural soil was different from that in the MGP soil. The rapidly desorbing fractions ( @entity19213 ) extracted by Tenax-TA and the freely dissolved concentrations of 3- and 4-ring @entity2556 determined by SPME from the MGP soil decreased after 30 days biodegradation; those values of the 5- and 6-ring @entity2556 changed to a lesser degree. For the agricultural soil, the @entity19213 values of the 3- and 4-ring @entity2556 also decreased after the biodegradation experiment. The Tenax-TA extraction and the SPME have the potential to assess variations in the bioavailability of @entity2556 and the degree of biodegradation in contaminated MGP soils. In addition, Tenax-TA extraction is more sensitive than SPME when used in the agricultural soil.

title: Variations in the bioavailability of XXXX in industrial and agricultural soils after bioremediation.

entities_list: @entity2555 :: ('MESH:D011084', 'Chemical') :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']

answer: @entity2555 :: (MESH:D011084,Chemical) :: ['polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons']


abstract: German cockroaches @entity13377 (L.) are gregarious insects. An aggregation @entity5681 contributes to the maintenance of aggregates. Choice experiments checked the efficiency of different solvents, i.e. @entity1044 , @entity1042 and @entity28579 , in extracting attractive substances and compared the attractiveness of extracts of different parts of the body. @entity1044 and @entity28579 were the most efficient solvents tested for extracting the attractive substances. @entity1042 whole body extracts appeared inefficient to induce aggregation. The proportion of larvae attracted to conditioned papers decreased in relation to the size of cuticular surface washed, from whole body to half-body and again to a section of the body cut in three. Attractive substances appear to be present on all parts of the body. Chemical analysis by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the active extracts contained only cuticular @entity9436 . In addition to behavioural tests, differences between the composition of @entity1042 extracts and that of the extracts for the other two solvents were revealed by GC. These results indicated that the cuticular hydrocarbons operate as an aggregation pheromone in @entity13377 .

title: Cuticular extracts inducing aggregation in the XXXX , @entity13377 (L.).

entities_list: @entity1044 :: ('MESH:D008752', 'Chemical') :: ['Dichloromethane', 'dichloromethane']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol', 'Methanol']

entities_list: @entity13377 :: ('6973', 'Species') :: ['Blattella germanica']

entities_list: @entity9436 :: ('MESH:D006838', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocarbons']

entities_list: @entity5681 :: ('CHEBI:26013', 'Chemical') :: ['pheromone']

answer: @entity13377 :: (6973,Species) :: ['German cockroach']


abstract: German cockroaches @entity13377 (L.) are gregarious insects. An aggregation @entity5681 contributes to the maintenance of aggregates. Choice experiments checked the efficiency of different solvents, i.e. @entity1044 , @entity1042 and @entity28579 , in extracting attractive substances and compared the attractiveness of extracts of different parts of the body. @entity1044 and @entity28579 were the most efficient solvents tested for extracting the attractive substances. @entity1042 whole body extracts appeared inefficient to induce aggregation. The proportion of larvae attracted to conditioned papers decreased in relation to the size of cuticular surface washed, from whole body to half-body and again to a section of the body cut in three. Attractive substances appear to be present on all parts of the body. Chemical analysis by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the active extracts contained only cuticular @entity9436 . In addition to behavioural tests, differences between the composition of @entity1042 extracts and that of the extracts for the other two solvents were revealed by GC. These results indicated that the cuticular hydrocarbons operate as an aggregation pheromone in @entity13377 .

title: Cuticular extracts inducing aggregation in the @entity13377 , XXXX (L.).

answer: @entity13377 :: (6973,Species) :: ['Blattella germanica']


abstract: AIMS: Lead @entity174 in @entity737 ( @entity737 ) @entity1 may cause inappropriate shocks (ISs). An early diagnosis is essential to prevent adverse clinical events. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator remote monitoring (RM) permits prompt detection of lead @entity174 . Limited data define the impact of RM on ISs specifically related to lead @entity174 . We sought to compare the number of ISs related to lead @entity174 in @entity1 with vs. without RM follow-up. METHODS AND RESULTS: We checked the registry of our institution and collected, between July 2007 and June 2014, 115 cases of right @entity174 . All relevant data were documented from @entity1 ' files, device-interrogation printouts and electronic records, and remote transmissions databases when applicable. We assessed the ISs that were related to lead @entity174 . The first study endpoint was the number of ISs per shocked @entity1 . Among the 82 @entity1 with conventional follow-up (CFU) and the 33 @entity1 with RM, a first IS occurred to 32.9% (n = 27) and 30.3% (n = 10, P = 0.83) of the @entity1 , respectively. Shocked @entity1 in the RM group underwent significantly fewer ISs with a mean of 6    2 shocks per @entity1 [median of 3.5 shocks (2-8)] than those in the CFU group with a mean of 18    5 shocks per @entity1 [median of 10 shocks (5-22), P = 0.03]. CONCLUSION: Remote monitoring helps to reduce the burden of ISs related to @entity737 lead @entity174 .

title: Impact of remote monitoring on reducing the burden of inappropriate shocks related to implantable XXXX : insights from a French single-centre registry.

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['ICD', 'implantable cardioverter-defibrillator']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'ventricular lead fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['cardioverter-defibrillator lead fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To study the rules that apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes with time and space in @entity385 , and to provide the evidence in defining the @entity1188 stages. METHODS: 117 work-ups in 98 @entity1 with @entity385 (12 hyperacute, 43 acute, 29 subacute, 10 steady, and 23 chronic @entity1188 ) were imaged with both conventional MRI and diffusion weighted imaging. The average ADC values, the relative ADC (rADC) values, and the ADC values or rADC values from the center to the periphery of the lesion were calculated. RESULTS: The average ADC values and the rADC values of hyperacute and acute @entity4798 depressed obviously. rADC values in hyperacute and acute stage was minimized, and increased progressively as time passed and appeared as "pseudonormal" values in approximately 8 to 14 days. Thereafter, rADC values became greater than normal in chronic stage. There was positive correlation between rADC values and time (P < 0.01). The ADC values and the rADC values in hyperacute and acute lesions had gradient signs that these lesions increased from the center to the periphery. The ADC values and the rADC values in subacute lesions had adverse gradient signs that these lesions decreased from the center to the periphery. CONCLUSION: The ADC values of @entity1188 lesions have evolution rules with time and space. The evolution rules with time and those in space can be helpful to decide the clinical stage, and to provide the evidence in guiding the treatment or judging the prognosis in @entity1188 .

title: The use of MRI apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in monitoring the development of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['infarction lesion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity4798 :: (MESH:D020520,Disease) :: ['brain infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BACKGROUND Retention of surgical items after a surgical procedure is not only a medical error, but can also lead to various unexpected complications and additional surgery procedures even years after the initial operation. CASE REPORT A 59-year old @entity1 was referred to our hospital with intermittent @entity158 in the lesser pelvis for about three months. She had undergone laparotomy for cholecystectomy 24 years ago and adnexectomy more than 30 years ago. CT-scan and MRI indicated a @entity5 , most likely compatible with a @entity44 . A laparoscopic resection of the @entity5 was performed. Intraoperatively the @entity5 showed no clear capsule and could only be resected by fragments. The pathological report analyzed textile fibres, diagnosing a textiloma. The @entity1 showed an uneventful postoperative follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Most likely, the textile fibres originated from a sponge, which was retained during adnexectomy 33 years ago. There are numerous reports of retained surgical items discovered years after the initial operation. In literature, there are several reported cases of transmural migration of a sponge into the intestine, stomach and bladder. In our case, the sponge must have migrated to the deepest point of the retroperitoneum, which appears to be quite unusual, as no comparable case reports could be found. This case stresses the importance of the surgeon's awareness to particular appearances of a retained surgical sponge from a surgical procedure performed even decades ago. Additionally, this case report stresses the importance of meticulous analysis of individual @entity1 medical history.

title: Atypical Case of a Painful XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'presacral tumor']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['presacral teratoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Presacral Tumor']


abstract: The economic impact of @entity4376 infections has led a number of countries in Europe to start eradication or control programmes. While in both cases the primary step is identification and elimination of persistently infected (PI) animals, the strategy applied thereafter is dependent on the density and seroprevalence of the regional @entity291 population. One of the first countries to design and implement an eradication programme was Sweden in 1993, a country with a relatively low @entity291 density and no vaccination. For screening, an indirect antibody ELISA for serum, milk and bulk milk samples is being used. The basics of the Swedish model are no vaccination, @entity2798 , and financing of the entire scheme by the subscribing farmers. @entity4376 -free herds are certified and permanently checked. While in 1993 only about 35% of the herds were seronegative, about 87% were @entity4376 -free in 2001. The aim of control programmes in high density areas with high seroprevalence is to minimize economic losses by reducing the incidence of PI animals and thereby virus circulation (German model). Participation is voluntary, and parts of the costs are carried by the public animal insurance (Tierseuchenkasse). Screening is performed using an antigen capture ELISA with blood or serum. In Lower Saxony, for example, a herd is declared @entity4376 unsuspicious if all animals up to 36 months are BVDV antigen negative and the female offspring older than six months is vaccinated twice (an inactivated vaccine is used for basic immunization, and an attenuated live virus vaccine for boosting).

title: XXXX viral diarrhoea eradication and control programmes in Europe.

entities_list: @entity2798 :: ('MESH:D009155', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary participation']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['Bovine']


abstract: Pyramidal cells receive input from several types of @entity1246 -releasing interneurons and innervate them reciprocally. Glutamatergic activation of interneurons involves both @entity140 ( @entity140 ) and @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) type @entity2227 receptors expressed in type I synapses, mostly on their dendritic shafts. On average, the synaptic @entity140 receptor content is several times higher on interneurons than in the spines of pyramidal cells. To compare the @entity143 receptor content of synapses, we used a quantitative postembedding immunogold technique on serial electron microscopic sections, and analysed the synapses on interneuron dendrites and pyramidal cell spines in the @entity1249 area. Because all @entity143 receptors contain the obligatory @entity4474 subunit, receptor localisation was carried out using antibodies recognising all splice variants of the @entity4474 subunit. Four populations of synapse were examined: i). on spines of pyramidal cells in stratum (str.) radiatum and str. oriens; ii). on @entity7053 -positive interneuronal dendritic shafts in str. radiatum; iii). on randomly found dendritic shafts in str. oriens and iv). on somatostatin-positive interneuronal dendritic shafts and somata in str. oriens. On average, the size of the synapses on spines was about half of those on interneurons. The four populations of synapse significantly differed in labelling for the @entity4474 subunit. The median density of @entity4474 subunit labelling was highest on pyramidal cell spines. It was lowest in the synapses on @entity7053 -positive dendrites in str. radiatum, where more than half of these synapses were immunonegative. In str. oriens, synapses on interneurons had a high variability of receptor content; some dendrites were similar to those in str. radiatum, including the proximal synapses of somatostatin-positive cells, whereas others had immunoreactivity for the @entity4474 subunit similar to or higher than synapses on pyramidal cell spines. These results show that synaptic @entity143 receptor density differs between pyramidal cells and interneurons. Some interneurons may have a high @entity143 receptor content, whereas others, like some @entity7053 -expressing cells, a particularly low synaptic @entity143 receptor content. Consequently, fast glutamatergic activation of interneurons is expected to show cell type-specific time course and state-dependent dynamics.

title: Large variability in synaptic XXXX receptor density on interneurons and a comparison with pyramidal-cell spines in the rat hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity140 :: ('MESH:D018350', 'Chemical') :: ['AMPA', 'alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid']

answer: @entity1024 :: (CHEBI:31882,Chemical) :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To find out the features of glycemic excursion via continuous @entity413 monitoring system (CGMS) during continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion (CSII) treatment in type 2 @entity6 and discuss the possibility of predicting @entity7965 with bedtime @entity413 level. METHODS: A total of 257 @entity6 @entity1 (156 males and 101 females, aged from 27 - 88 years old) with 0.1 - 40 years diabetic history were recruited. Their HbA1c level was (10.97    2.11)%. Glycated albumin level was (31.88    7.51)%. All @entity1 were switched to CSII therapy while a 72-hour period of CGMS was performed. @entity1 were divided into @entity4053 group and non- @entity4053 group according to the reading of hypoglycemic events from CGMS data. RESULTS: (1) From CGMS profiles, the investigators found that @entity7584 was (9.66    2.00) mmol/L and SDBG (2.98    1.03) mmol/L. (2) A total of 243 @entity4053 events occurred in 118 @entity1 at early stage of CSII treatment. (3) When bedtime blood @entity413 was below 5.9 mmol/L, the youden index was maximal on a receiver operating characteristic curve. The sensitive was 54.8% and specificity 77.8%. Positive predictive value was 44.3% and negative predictive value 84.2%. So the cut-off point of bedtime blood @entity413 to predict @entity4053 might be 5.9 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: (1) @entity4053 as detected by CGMS occurs in almost 1/2 type 2 @entity6 during CSII therapy. (2) There is a higher risk of @entity4053 if the bedtime blood @entity413 concentration falls below 5.9 mmol/L.

title: [Prediction of @entity7965 with bedtime XXXX level during continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion in type 2 @entity6 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia', 'Hypoglycemia', 'nocturnal hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity7965 :: ('MESH:D006457', 'Disease') :: ['nocturnal hypoglycaemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To find out the features of glycemic excursion via continuous @entity413 monitoring system (CGMS) during continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion (CSII) treatment in type 2 @entity6 and discuss the possibility of predicting @entity7965 with bedtime @entity413 level. METHODS: A total of 257 @entity6 @entity1 (156 males and 101 females, aged from 27 - 88 years old) with 0.1 - 40 years diabetic history were recruited. Their HbA1c level was (10.97    2.11)%. Glycated albumin level was (31.88    7.51)%. All @entity1 were switched to CSII therapy while a 72-hour period of CGMS was performed. @entity1 were divided into @entity4053 group and non- @entity4053 group according to the reading of hypoglycemic events from CGMS data. RESULTS: (1) From CGMS profiles, the investigators found that @entity7584 was (9.66    2.00) mmol/L and SDBG (2.98    1.03) mmol/L. (2) A total of 243 @entity4053 events occurred in 118 @entity1 at early stage of CSII treatment. (3) When bedtime blood @entity413 was below 5.9 mmol/L, the youden index was maximal on a receiver operating characteristic curve. The sensitive was 54.8% and specificity 77.8%. Positive predictive value was 44.3% and negative predictive value 84.2%. So the cut-off point of bedtime blood @entity413 to predict @entity4053 might be 5.9 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: (1) @entity4053 as detected by CGMS occurs in almost 1/2 type 2 @entity6 during CSII therapy. (2) There is a higher risk of @entity4053 if the bedtime blood @entity413 concentration falls below 5.9 mmol/L.

title: [Prediction of XXXX with bedtime @entity413 level during continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion in type 2 @entity6 ].

answer: @entity7965 :: (MESH:D006457,Disease) :: ['nocturnal hypoglycaemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To find out the features of glycemic excursion via continuous @entity413 monitoring system (CGMS) during continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion (CSII) treatment in type 2 @entity6 and discuss the possibility of predicting @entity7965 with bedtime @entity413 level. METHODS: A total of 257 @entity6 @entity1 (156 males and 101 females, aged from 27 - 88 years old) with 0.1 - 40 years diabetic history were recruited. Their HbA1c level was (10.97    2.11)%. Glycated albumin level was (31.88    7.51)%. All @entity1 were switched to CSII therapy while a 72-hour period of CGMS was performed. @entity1 were divided into @entity4053 group and non- @entity4053 group according to the reading of hypoglycemic events from CGMS data. RESULTS: (1) From CGMS profiles, the investigators found that @entity7584 was (9.66    2.00) mmol/L and SDBG (2.98    1.03) mmol/L. (2) A total of 243 @entity4053 events occurred in 118 @entity1 at early stage of CSII treatment. (3) When bedtime blood @entity413 was below 5.9 mmol/L, the youden index was maximal on a receiver operating characteristic curve. The sensitive was 54.8% and specificity 77.8%. Positive predictive value was 44.3% and negative predictive value 84.2%. So the cut-off point of bedtime blood @entity413 to predict @entity4053 might be 5.9 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: (1) @entity4053 as detected by CGMS occurs in almost 1/2 type 2 @entity6 during CSII therapy. (2) There is a higher risk of @entity4053 if the bedtime blood @entity413 concentration falls below 5.9 mmol/L.

title: [Prediction of @entity7965 with bedtime @entity413 level during continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion in type 2 XXXX ].

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetics']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To find out the features of glycemic excursion via continuous @entity413 monitoring system (CGMS) during continuous subcutaneous @entity2690 infusion (CSII) treatment in type 2 @entity6 and discuss the possibility of predicting @entity7965 with bedtime @entity413 level. METHODS: A total of 257 @entity6 @entity1 (156 males and 101 females, aged from 27 - 88 years old) with 0.1 - 40 years diabetic history were recruited. Their HbA1c level was (10.97    2.11)%. Glycated albumin level was (31.88    7.51)%. All @entity1 were switched to CSII therapy while a 72-hour period of CGMS was performed. @entity1 were divided into @entity4053 group and non- @entity4053 group according to the reading of hypoglycemic events from CGMS data. RESULTS: (1) From CGMS profiles, the investigators found that @entity7584 was (9.66    2.00) mmol/L and SDBG (2.98    1.03) mmol/L. (2) A total of 243 @entity4053 events occurred in 118 @entity1 at early stage of CSII treatment. (3) When bedtime blood @entity413 was below 5.9 mmol/L, the youden index was maximal on a receiver operating characteristic curve. The sensitive was 54.8% and specificity 77.8%. Positive predictive value was 44.3% and negative predictive value 84.2%. So the cut-off point of bedtime blood @entity413 to predict @entity4053 might be 5.9 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: (1) @entity4053 as detected by CGMS occurs in almost 1/2 type 2 @entity6 during CSII therapy. (2) There is a higher risk of @entity4053 if the bedtime blood @entity413 concentration falls below 5.9 mmol/L.

title: [Prediction of @entity7965 with bedtime @entity413 level during continuous subcutaneous XXXX infusion in type 2 @entity6 ].

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['insulin']


abstract: Primary @entity602 are rare @entity5 comprising two percent of all @entity4097 . Although a treatment guideline has yet to be established, maximal surgical resection is primary in the treatment of @entity602 . Adjuvant radiotherapy has remained controversial, and it is unclear whether chemotherapy adds any benefit. In this case report, the authors present a 24-year-old male who had a seven-year history of @entity425 and a radiating @entity158 in both legs. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) showed an intramedullary mass at the T4-T8 level. He underwent subtotal @entity5 and pathologic diagnosis revealed a WHO grade II @entity3271 . The @entity1 was treated with radiotherapy postoperatively and followed up with MRI annually. Clinical and radiological status of the @entity1 had been stationary for four years after the surgery. The five-year follow-up MRI showed an increase in the size and extent of the @entity41 . Despite radiological progression, considering that symptoms and the performance status of the @entity1 had remained unchanged, further treatment has not been performed. Given the clinical outcome of this @entity1 , close observation after subtotal removal with adjuvant radiotherapy is one of the acceptable treatment options for WHO grade II @entity602 .

title: Primary XXXX with Postoperative Adjuvant Radiotherapy: A Case Report.

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'removal of the tumor']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord oligodendrogliomas']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['left leg weakness']

entities_list: @entity4097 :: ('MESH:D013120', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord tumors']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity602 :: (MESH:D013118,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Oligodendroglioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: A major problem that urologists encounter is the recurrence of @entity263 after local therapy or the failure of primary therapy. There is no consensus on the treatment of these groups of @entity1 . The role of radiotherapy, hormonal therapy or chemotherapy must be defined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature review of the current management of recurrence after primary therapy in @entity263 was performed using MEDLINE, a review of current urology and oncology journals, and abstracts from recent urology meetings. The data collected focused on the role of radiotherapy, hormonal therapy and chemotherapy in this setting. RESULTS: Defining a high risk group of @entity1 using Gleason score, seminal vesicle or pelvic lymph node involvement and @entity1486 recurrence time is important for treating the problem early in disease course. Adjuvant radiotherapy cannot offer a survival advantage but it provides longer biochemical recurrence-free survival. Early administration of salvage radiotherapy in adequate doses provides a success rate similar to that of adjuvant radiotherapy in @entity1 with low @entity1486 . Although there is no good evidence that early @entity342 deprivation definitely prolongs @entity1 survival, increased time to progression in addition to excellent palliation with early hormonal therapy was reported in the majority of trials. Early trials of the use of chemotherapy showed improved survival rates with adjuvant chemotherapy alone or with a combination of hormonal therapy, especially in @entity1 with nonmetastatic disease. CONCLUSIONS: Although analysis of current literature revealed that @entity1 who have recurrence after primary therapy would benefit from radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy or a combination of therapies, additional prospective randomized studies are needed to support these findings.

title: The management of high risk XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Previous studies have shown that early intracavernous @entity5015 injection may reduce significantly the incidence of @entity5501 before spontaneous erections recover after nerve sparing radical prostatectomy. We identify the more convenient postoperative timing for successful intracavernous injection rehabilitation in a series of @entity1 who underwent nonnerve sparing radical prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 73 @entity1 with a normal preoperative International Index of Erectile Function score were randomly allocated to undergo dynamic color Doppler ultrasound study 20 mg. @entity5015 at 1, 2 to 3, 4 to 6 and 7 to 12 months postoperatively, respectively. In all cases the peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity and resistance index were evaluated at 5, 10 and 20 minutes after injection. RESULTS: Of the @entity1 36 received the intracavernous injection within the first 3 months (group 1) and 37 received it at 4 to 12 months (group 2). A significantly higher proportion of group 1 @entity1 had grade 3 erection compared with group 2. Peak systolic velocity less than 30 cm. per second in at least 1 cavernosal artery was recorded in 22.2% of group 1 @entity1 and 51.3% of group 2 (p >0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Intracavernous injections after nonnerve sparing radical prostatectomy produce valid erectile responses in a significantly higher proportion of @entity1 when started within month 3 after the operation. Injection given in postoperative month 1 gives the best response rate but with significant complications and poor @entity1 compliance. Arteriogenic and venogenic factors seem to be involved with failure.

title: Is there an optimal time for intracavernous XXXX rehabilitation following nonnerve sparing radical prostatectomy? Results from a hemodynamic prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5015 :: ('MESH:D000527', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin E1']

entities_list: @entity5501 :: ('MESH:D006504', 'Disease') :: ['veno-occlusive dysfunction']

answer: @entity5015 :: (MESH:D000527,Chemical) :: ['prostaglandin E1']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity323 is a common sequel of @entity174 , particularly those associated with posterior @entity130 when it can be neurogenic or arteriogenic due to damage to the cavernous nerves or branches of the pudendal arteries. We studied erectile function of @entity1 with posterior @entity130 due to @entity174 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 referred for posterior urethral reconstruction and strictures due to @entity174 were evaluated before reconstruction. All @entity1 underwent nocturnal penile tumescence testing, and if those results were abnormal, penile duplex ultrasound with intracavernous injection was performed. @entity1 with normal vascular function on duplex ultrasound were diagnosed with @entity323 . Those @entity1 with abnormal arterial function on duplex ultrasound underwent arteriography to further define the extent and location of @entity16 . RESULTS: The study included 25 consecutive @entity1 with @entity3832 and a mean age of 28.6 years. Of the @entity1 18 (72%) had @entity323 as demonstrated by nocturnal penile tumescence and all underwent penile duplex ultrasound. Ultrasound confirmed normal vascular response in 13 of the 18 @entity1 and they were diagnosed with probable @entity323 . The remaining 5 @entity1 (28%) with @entity323 had an abnormal arterial response, and significant arterial pathology was confirmed by arteriography. CONCLUSIONS: @entity323 is common in @entity1 with @entity174 associated with @entity130 . We believe that erectile function should be assessed and documented in such @entity1 before attempting urethroplasty. In the majority of these @entity1 @entity323 is caused by disruption of the cavernous nerves with sparing of arterial inflow.

title: The incidence and causes of XXXX after @entity174 associated with posterior urethral disruption.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'Erectile dysfunction', 'neurogenic erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic fractures']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['arterial damage']

entities_list: @entity3832 :: ('MESH:D014525', 'Disease') :: ['posterior urethral strictures']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['urethral injury', 'urethral injuries']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['erectile dysfunction']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity323 is a common sequel of @entity174 , particularly those associated with posterior @entity130 when it can be neurogenic or arteriogenic due to damage to the cavernous nerves or branches of the pudendal arteries. We studied erectile function of @entity1 with posterior @entity130 due to @entity174 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 referred for posterior urethral reconstruction and strictures due to @entity174 were evaluated before reconstruction. All @entity1 underwent nocturnal penile tumescence testing, and if those results were abnormal, penile duplex ultrasound with intracavernous injection was performed. @entity1 with normal vascular function on duplex ultrasound were diagnosed with @entity323 . Those @entity1 with abnormal arterial function on duplex ultrasound underwent arteriography to further define the extent and location of @entity16 . RESULTS: The study included 25 consecutive @entity1 with @entity3832 and a mean age of 28.6 years. Of the @entity1 18 (72%) had @entity323 as demonstrated by nocturnal penile tumescence and all underwent penile duplex ultrasound. Ultrasound confirmed normal vascular response in 13 of the 18 @entity1 and they were diagnosed with probable @entity323 . The remaining 5 @entity1 (28%) with @entity323 had an abnormal arterial response, and significant arterial pathology was confirmed by arteriography. CONCLUSIONS: @entity323 is common in @entity1 with @entity174 associated with @entity130 . We believe that erectile function should be assessed and documented in such @entity1 before attempting urethroplasty. In the majority of these @entity1 @entity323 is caused by disruption of the cavernous nerves with sparing of arterial inflow.

title: The incidence and causes of @entity323 after XXXX associated with posterior urethral disruption.

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['pelvic fractures']


abstract: Thirty-eight @entity1 with chronic calcifying @entity924 of the shoulder were randomized prospectively into two groups: 19 @entity1 had endoscopic decompression and 19 had open decompression. Thirty-three @entity1 (19 with open and 14 with endoscopic decompression) were available for followup. Clinical and ultrasonographic investigations were done at followup. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate prospectively the clinical and sonographic results after open decompression and after endoscopic decompression. Apportionment of age and gender was similar in both groups. The followup was 15.7 months for @entity1 after open decompression and 17.1 months for @entity1 after endoscopic decompression. The average Patte score was 84.5 points (84.4 for @entity1 who had endoscopic decompression and 84.6 for @entity1 who had open decompression). Corresponding results were found with a Constant and Murley score of 96.6 points (97.6 for @entity1 who had endoscopic decompression and 95.8 for @entity1 who had open decompression). In the endoscopic group physiotherapy was recommended for 5 weeks more than in the open surgery group. Similar results were seen for the incapacity to work in both groups with 4.6 weeks for the @entity1 who had endoscopic surgery and 5 weeks for the @entity1 who had open surgery. No nerve @entity130 , wound @entity281 , or other @entity260 were found. Comparison of both surgical methods showed good clinical and score results. Endoscopic and open surgery are equally effective in the treatment of chronic calcifying @entity924 .

title: Prospective randomized surgical treatments for calcifying XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendinopathy']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['tendinopathy']


abstract: Importance: @entity2867 is an undifferentiated @entity146 with a high rate of regional and distant spread and a grave prognosis (median survival, 3 months) with no standardized treatment. Objective: To review the effect of an active treatment policy on the outcome of @entity2867 . Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Retrospective comparative study of all @entity1 diagnosed as having @entity2867 and undergoing treatment from January 1, 2008, through December 31, 2013, in a tertiary university-affiliated medical center. Data were collected by medical record review. Final follow-up was completed on November 30, 2014. Data were analyzed from December 1 to 3, 2014. Interventions: Treatment options included surgery and adjuvant concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with @entity632 or @entity1311 for @entity66 ; full-dose chemoradiotherapy (70 Gy to the gross @entity5 ) for @entity66 when surgery was not feasible; aggressive palliative radiotherapy (50 Gy to the gross @entity5 ) for @entity3 ; and palliative radiotherapy ( <=30 Gy) for @entity3 with a low performance status. Main Outcomes and Measures: Survival time and quality of life. Results: Of the 26 @entity1 (including 15 @entity1 ) who met the inclusion criteria, 11 underwent radiotherapy with curative intent. These @entity1 included 5 who underwent curative surgery (5 with chemotherapy) and 6 who received primary chemotherapy. Nine @entity1 received aggressive palliative radiotherapy, and 3 received palliative radiotherapy. The remaining 3 @entity1 were not treated. Curative radiotherapy was associated with a significantly longer overall median (95% CI) survival time (11 [8.1-13.9] months) than aggressive palliative radiotherapy (6 [3.1-8.9] months), palliative radiotherapy (3 [0.0-7.8] months), and no treatment (1 month) (P   <   .001). Chemotherapy in 10 @entity1 had a significant effect on survival (mean [95% CI], 11 [1.2-6.8] vs 4 [8.1-13.9] months for @entity1 who did not receive chemotherapy; P   =   .01). Among the @entity1 who underwent surgery and curative radiotherapy, 3 were alive after more than 3 years of follow-up. No association of survival with @entity1 sex (median [95% CI] survival for @entity1 and @entity1 , 9 [3.6-14.4] and 5 [0.3-9.7] months, respectively; P   =   .54) or a history of @entity1374 (median [95% CI] survival for those with and without, 4 [1.0-6.9] and 9 [5.4-12.5] months, respectively; P   =   .15) was found. Conclusions and Relevance: @entity2867 has a grave prognosis, but an aggressive approach, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, seems to improve survival. Higher doses of radiotherapy may have a survival benefit in candidates for palliative treatment and may be considered for @entity1 with @entity66 .

title: XXXX and Survival in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['extensive disease', 'local disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive tumor']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity2867 :: ('MESH:D065646', 'Disease') :: ['Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma', 'anaplastic thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disease']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Aggressive Palliation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE To characterize serum a-1 @entity33970 ( @entity33970 ) and @entity72490 ( @entity72490 ) concentrations at diagnosis and during treatment in @entity468 with @entity706 . ANIMALS 16 @entity468 with various anatomic forms of @entity706 and 25 healthy @entity468 . PROCEDURES Blood samples were collected from healthy @entity468 once and from @entity468 with @entity706 at diagnosis and 2-week intervals until the 12th week of antineoplastic treatment. Serum harvested from blood samples was assessed for @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations. Differences in serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 values were investigated between healthy @entity468 and @entity468 with @entity706 (at diagnosis) and, for @entity468 with @entity706 , between diagnosis and various points during treatment. RESULTS Serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations were higher in @entity468 with @entity706 at diagnosis (median, 832.60 and 1.03  g/mL, respectively), compared with those in healthy @entity468 (median, 269.85 and 0.10  g/mL). Treatment resulted in a gradual decrease in serum @entity33970 concentration after 4 weeks and in @entity72490 concentration after 8 weeks of treatment, and these concentrations returned to values comparable with those of healthy @entity468 by 12 weeks of treatment, by which point all @entity468 had achieved complete remission of the disease. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations in @entity468 with @entity706 were higher at diagnosis than after antineoplastic treatment. Decreases to values established for healthy @entity468 corresponded with achievement of @entity66 . Serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 may be useful protein markers for monitoring of antineoplastic treatment in @entity468 with @entity706 .

title: Serum a-1 XXXX and @entity72490 concentrations in cats receiving antineoplastic treatment for @entity706 .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['complete disease remission']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

answer: @entity33970 :: (100144393(Tax:9685),Gene) :: ['acid glycoprotein']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE To characterize serum a-1 @entity33970 ( @entity33970 ) and @entity72490 ( @entity72490 ) concentrations at diagnosis and during treatment in @entity468 with @entity706 . ANIMALS 16 @entity468 with various anatomic forms of @entity706 and 25 healthy @entity468 . PROCEDURES Blood samples were collected from healthy @entity468 once and from @entity468 with @entity706 at diagnosis and 2-week intervals until the 12th week of antineoplastic treatment. Serum harvested from blood samples was assessed for @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations. Differences in serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 values were investigated between healthy @entity468 and @entity468 with @entity706 (at diagnosis) and, for @entity468 with @entity706 , between diagnosis and various points during treatment. RESULTS Serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations were higher in @entity468 with @entity706 at diagnosis (median, 832.60 and 1.03  g/mL, respectively), compared with those in healthy @entity468 (median, 269.85 and 0.10  g/mL). Treatment resulted in a gradual decrease in serum @entity33970 concentration after 4 weeks and in @entity72490 concentration after 8 weeks of treatment, and these concentrations returned to values comparable with those of healthy @entity468 by 12 weeks of treatment, by which point all @entity468 had achieved complete remission of the disease. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations in @entity468 with @entity706 were higher at diagnosis than after antineoplastic treatment. Decreases to values established for healthy @entity468 corresponded with achievement of @entity66 . Serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 may be useful protein markers for monitoring of antineoplastic treatment in @entity468 with @entity706 .

title: Serum a-1 @entity33970 and XXXX concentrations in cats receiving antineoplastic treatment for @entity706 .

answer: @entity72490 :: (678660(Tax:9685),Gene) :: ['serum amyloid A']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE To characterize serum a-1 @entity33970 ( @entity33970 ) and @entity72490 ( @entity72490 ) concentrations at diagnosis and during treatment in @entity468 with @entity706 . ANIMALS 16 @entity468 with various anatomic forms of @entity706 and 25 healthy @entity468 . PROCEDURES Blood samples were collected from healthy @entity468 once and from @entity468 with @entity706 at diagnosis and 2-week intervals until the 12th week of antineoplastic treatment. Serum harvested from blood samples was assessed for @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations. Differences in serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 values were investigated between healthy @entity468 and @entity468 with @entity706 (at diagnosis) and, for @entity468 with @entity706 , between diagnosis and various points during treatment. RESULTS Serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations were higher in @entity468 with @entity706 at diagnosis (median, 832.60 and 1.03  g/mL, respectively), compared with those in healthy @entity468 (median, 269.85 and 0.10  g/mL). Treatment resulted in a gradual decrease in serum @entity33970 concentration after 4 weeks and in @entity72490 concentration after 8 weeks of treatment, and these concentrations returned to values comparable with those of healthy @entity468 by 12 weeks of treatment, by which point all @entity468 had achieved complete remission of the disease. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations in @entity468 with @entity706 were higher at diagnosis than after antineoplastic treatment. Decreases to values established for healthy @entity468 corresponded with achievement of @entity66 . Serum @entity33970 and @entity72490 may be useful protein markers for monitoring of antineoplastic treatment in @entity468 with @entity706 .

title: Serum a-1 @entity33970 and @entity72490 concentrations in cats receiving antineoplastic treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma']


abstract: Recent advances in radiation chemistry and radiation biology have led to the combined use of radiosensitizing agents with radiation in the treatment of @entity5 . Various chemicals, including cancerocidal drugs, are used, although radiation sensitizers are defined as drugs which can increase cellular radiosensitivity but have no direct cancerocidal effect. At least four classes of agents, @entity7391 analogues, @entity519 cell sensitizers, PLDR inhibitors and @entity1432 -depleting agents, can modify radiosensitivity and have potential for differential sensitization. @entity7391 analogues are incorporated into DNA in replicating @entity5 cells, and can sensitize these cells to radiation up to a factor of 3. Results of clinical trials of intra-arterial infusion of BUdR have not proved satisfactory, especially with regard to long-term survival, possibly because of the existence of non-replicating cells in the @entity5 . The latter two are still in the experimental stage of study. The radioresistance of @entity519 cells in @entity5 has been regarded as one of the limiting factors in the local control of @entity5 by radiation. Attempts to improve the situation involve high-LET radiation and combined use of chemicals, such as @entity26 , prefluorochemicals and electron-affinic compounds, with low-LET radiation. Although some clinical trials in @entity135 and in cervical @entity5 have yielded positive results in @entity1 treated using hyperbaric @entity26 , attempts have been made to devise other methods, such as those using perfluorochemicals with normobaric @entity26 , because of the technical difficulty involved with the former method. A more promising and easier method is the combined use of electron-affinic chemicals, which like @entity26 can sensitize the @entity519 cells. @entity8712 (alpha @entity13682 derivative) was found to be an excellent sensitizer of this kind in cultured @entity1 cells and in some @entity5 . Several randomized clinical trials to determine its efficacy have been carried out on a word-wide scale, but most of them failed to demonstrate any beneficial effect, mainly because of the drug's @entity2359 which limits its dose. After @entity8712 , many researchers have made every effort to develop more @entity1358 . The present state and future prospects of study were reviewed with special reference to studies currently being undertaken in Japan.

title: [Radiation sensitizers: with special reference to XXXX cell sensitizers].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity8712 :: ('MESH:D008920', 'Chemical') :: ['misonidazole', 'Misonidazole']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'radioresistant tumors', 'rodent tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['efficient hypoxic cell sensitizers']

entities_list: @entity13682 :: ('MESH:C006667', 'Chemical') :: ['2-nitroimidazole']

entities_list: @entity7391 :: ('MESH:C030986', 'Chemical') :: ['Pyrimidine', 'pyrimidine']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxic']