abstract: This study examined the involvement of the hormones @entity1369 and @entity4090 in sweat gland function during heat acclimatization. Two groups of male subjects (n = 8) were tested - one receiving a placebo (control), the other receiving @entity2847 . Both groups performed cycle ergometer exercise at 50% of maximal @entity26 uptake over 10 consecutive days in an environmental chamber maintained at 39 degrees C and 30% relative humidity. Duration of exercise was 90 min on days 2-4 and 6-9, and 45 min on test days 1, 5 and 10. Electrolyte concentrations were determined by total body washdown. @entity4090 increased (p less than 0.001) during exercise on day 1 in the control group but not on days 5 and 10. In contrast, @entity4090 was suppressed by @entity2847 and did not rise in response to exercise or heat exposure. Plasma @entity1369 increased during exercise in both groups, showing no differences between groups. The @entity1372 concentration in sweat decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) in the control group from day 1 to 10 but was unchanged in the treatment group. These data suggest that acclimatization-related changes in sweat gland function may be attenuated by increases in central dopaminergic activity and implicate @entity4090 in control of sweat gland function.

title: Effects of XXXX on sweat gland function during heat acclimatization.

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4090 :: ('5617', 'Gene') :: ['prolactin', 'Prolactin']

answer: @entity2847 :: (MESH:D001971,Chemical) :: ['bromocriptine']


abstract: AIM: To describe the anal cushion lifting (ACL) method with preliminary clinical results. METHODS: Between January to September 2007, 127 @entity1 who received ACL method for @entity6713 was investigated with informed consent. In this study, three surgeons who specialized in anorectal surgery performed the procedures. @entity1 with grade two or more severe @entity6713 according to Goligher's classification were considered to be indicated for surgery. The @entity1 were given the choice to undergo either the ACL method or the ligation and excision method. ACL method is an original technique for managing @entity6713 without excision. After dissecting the anal cushion from the internal sphincter muscle, the anal cushion was lifted to oral side and ligated at the proper position. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of @entity1 were recorded including complications after surgery. RESULTS: A total of 127 @entity1 were enrolled. Their median age was 42 (19-84) years, and 74.8% were female. In addition, more than 99% of the @entity1 had grade 3 or worse @entity6713 . The median follow-up period was 26 (0-88) mo, and the median operative time was 15 (4-30) min. After surgery, analgesics were used for a median period of three days (0-21). @entity158 control was achieved using extra-oral analgesic drugs, although some @entity1 required intravenous injections of analgesic drugs. The median duration of the @entity1 ' postoperative hospital stay was 7 (2-13) d. A total of 10 complications (7.9%) occurred. Bleeding was observed in one @entity1 and was successfully controlled with manual compression. Urinary retention occurred in 6 @entity1 , but it disappeared spontaneously in all cases. Recurrent @entity6713 developed in 3 @entity1 after 36, 47, and 61 mo, respectively. No @entity850 or persistent anal @entity158 occurred. CONCLUSION: We consider that the ACL method might be better than all other current methods for managing @entity6713 .

title: Anal cushion lifting method is a novel radical management strategy for XXXX that does not involve excision or cause postoperative anal complications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['anal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity6713 :: ('MESH:D006484', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhoids', 'hemorrhoid']

answer: @entity6713 :: (MESH:D006484,Disease) :: ['hemorrhoids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4267 ( @entity4267 ) is a @entity32 that causes significant morbidity in @entity1 . METHODS: The clinical features, presenting symptoms, and vascular beds involved are reviewed in the first 33 @entity1 aged <18  years who are enrolled in the United States Registry for @entity4267 from five registry sites and compared with 999 adult @entity1 from 12 registry sites. RESULTS: Mean age at diagnosis was 8.4        4.8  years (16  days to 17  years). Compared with adults, @entity4267 occurs in more males (42.4 vs 6  %, p   <   0.001). @entity1 with @entity4267 have a stronger previous history of @entity101 (93.9 vs 69.9  %, p   =   0.002). @entity101 (100  %), @entity10 (55  %), and abdominal bruits (10.7  %) were the most common presenting signs and symptoms. @entity4267 affects renal vasculature in almost all @entity1 (97 vs 69.7  %, p   =   0.003). The extra-cranial carotid vessels are less commonly involved in @entity1 (23.1 vs 73.3  %, p   <   0.001). The mesenteric arteries (38.9 vs 16.2  %, p   =   0.02) and aorta (26.3 vs 2.4  %, p   <   0.001) are more commonly involved in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In the United States Registry for @entity4267 , @entity4267 affects @entity1 from infancy throughout childhood. All @entity1 presented with @entity101 and many presented with @entity10 and abdominal bruits. In @entity1 , @entity4267 most commonly affects the renal vasculature, but also frequently involves the mesenteric arteries and abdominal aorta; the carotid vessels are less frequently involved.

title: Differences between the pediatric and adult presentation of XXXX : results from the US Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['non-inflammatory arteriopathy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4267 :: ('MESH:D005352', 'Disease') :: ['Fibromuscular dysplasia', 'pediatric FMD', 'FMD']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity4267 :: (MESH:D005352,Disease) :: ['fibromuscular dysplasia']


abstract: @entity30439 is a physiological disturbance in the brain that follows a blow on the head. The cardinal symptom is a disturbance in @entity1662 varying from a @entity909 to a dazed state. The phenomenon is self-limited and completely reversible. In cerebral contusion there is actual @entity1545 . The symptoms that result vary according to the amount and location of the damage. A very small amount of damage in certain areas of the brain may be fatal, while extensive damage in other areas will be survived. Even when a @entity1 is unconscious after a @entity542 , certain simple neurologic tests can be done to determine with some accuracy the extent and location of @entity75 . When the @entity1 regains @entity1662 , further bedside tests can be carried out to increase the accuracy of diagnosis. Careful observation of the @entity1 at frequent intervals is necessary to judicious application of appropriate treatment. The physician must be on the alert constantly for signs of @entity932 and should be ready to intervene surgically if necessary. In most cases of injury to the head, treatment consists of supplying to the @entity1 elements that are necessary to maintain physiologic conditions and of combating disorders arising from specific @entity1545 .

title: Treatment of closed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['injuries to the brain', 'injury to the brain']

entities_list: @entity30439 :: ('MESH:D001924', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebral concussion']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['complete loss of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injuries']


abstract: Sphenoidal evoked potentials (SpEPs) were recorded in 14 @entity1 with intractable @entity1315 . Twelve @entity1 had electrographically proven unilateral @entity410 onset (five left, seven right). Two @entity1 had partial complex @entity410 and unilateral mesial temporal lobe lesions shown by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thirteen @entity1 subsequently underwent temporal lobectomy. SpEPs were recorded using the P3 tonal oddball paradigm from sphenoidal electrodes referenced to scalp electrodes (i.e., T3, T4, C3, C4, Cz) and were subjected to spectral analysis for whole band (1-12.6 Hz) power. A significant relationship was found for side of @entity410 focus and reduced spectral power of the sphenoidal-temporal target SpEPs. In 10 of 14 @entity1 , SpEP spectral power was less from the "epileptogenic" than from the "nonepileptogenic" temporal lobe. Of the remaining 4 @entity1 , 2 had bilaterally equal spectral power, and 2 had lower SpEP power from the nonepileptogenic side. Postoperatively, all 13 @entity1 are @entity410 -free except for the 2 @entity1 with reduced SpEP power opposite to the ictal onset and 1 @entity1 with fluctuations in SpEP asymmetries. Spectral analysis of SpEPs appears to have utility in the assessment of @entity1315 and thus in the preoperative evaluation for @entity302 surgery.

title: Spectral analysis of sphenoidal evoked potentials predicts XXXX focus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy', 'temporal lobe dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epileptic']


abstract: The anaerobic threshold (AT) has been proposed as an index to assess the functional status of @entity1 with @entity712 . The focus of this report was to evaluate in post- @entity583 @entity1 the utility of the AT for (a) assessing the severity of exercise-induced left @entity67 , (b) determining the responses obtained from different treatments and (c) prescribing exercise training. We found that the AT level was lower in @entity1 with abnormal haemodynamic patterns during exercise. The AT was correlated to different degrees of exercise-induced left @entity67 . The @entity1507 and @entity460 -antagonist effects have been evaluated in @entity1 with abnormal exercise haemodynamics. The resting and exertional results were in agreement with the vasodilator effects. Moreover, the time from onset of exercise to the appearance of the AT was significantly increased by the treatments. Thus, AT during pharmacological treatments may be a non-invasive useful parameter for assessing their haemodynamic effects. Finally, a 4-week intermittent training programme based on AT level was evaluated in @entity1 with abnormal resting and exertional haemodynamics. The results showed an improvement of the exercise @entity65 without negative effects on left ventricular function. Therefore, the AT seems to be useful when prescribing a rational and individualized training programme.

title: Does the study of anaerobic metabolism give quantitative information on left XXXX during exercise?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular impairment']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular tolerance']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: PURPOSE: To identify predictive ultrasound signs for unfavorable outcome in @entity2241 ( @entity6675 ). METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study among pregnant @entity1 with the prenatal diagnosis of @entity6675 between 1998 and 2011 at the University of Wuerzburg, Germany. Analysis included prenatal ultrasound scans, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) records, and pediatric records. The collected variables included maternal and fetal demographics, as well as an analysis of predictors for unfavorable fetal outcome. Unfavorable outcome was defined by more than 2 postnatal surgical interventions, intestinal resections, and long time to oral feeding (>= 4  weeks). RESULTS: 35 cases of fetal @entity6675 were diagnosed, whereby 23 cases met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated by prenatal ultrasound and postnatal outcome. Based on the postnatal situation, 15 @entity1 were classified in a good prognosis group and 8 @entity1 in a poor prognosis group. Fetuses with poor prognosis were presented later during pregnancy (21.1      6 vs. 26.9      5.3  weeks; p  <  0.01) and delivered at earlier gestational age (35.6      0.8 vs. 33.4      1.4  weeks; p  <  0.01) with lower birth weight (2074      306.3 vs. 2559      255.4  g; p  <  0.01). There were no differences in prenatal findings like growth restriction, amniotic fluid index, or Doppler results between good and poor prognosis group. However, early detected and long-lasting @entity384 was associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSION: Late presentation and early gestational age at delivery are associated with poor prognosis in neonates with @entity6675 . Furthermore, early onset as well as long duration of @entity384 is associated with poor fetal outcome, while other ultrasound characteristics are not able to predict poor prognosis of @entity6675 .

title: Prenatal sonographic ultrasound predictors for the outcome in XXXX : a retrospective analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['bowel dilatation']

entities_list: @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal gastroschisis']

answer: @entity2241 :: (MESH:D005315,Disease) :: ['fetal gastroschisis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity161 is a severe, disabling and prevalent @entity146 without cure and with a variable, incomplete pharmacotherapeutic response. Prior to onset in adolescence or young adulthood a prodromal period of abnormal symptoms lasting weeks to years has been identified and operationalized as @entity922 ( @entity922 ) for @entity161 . However, only a minority of subjects prospectively identified with @entity922 convert to @entity161 , thereby limiting enthusiasm for early intervention(s). This study utilized objective resting electroencephalogram (EEG) quantification to determine whether @entity922 constitutes a cohesive entity and an evoked potential to assess @entity922 cortical auditory processing. METHODS: This study constitutes an EEG-based quantitative neurophysiological comparison between two unmedicated subject groups: 35 neurotypical controls (CON) and 22 @entity922 @entity1 . After artifact management, @entity2483 ( @entity2483 ) identified EEG spectral and spectral coherence factors described by associated loading patterns. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) determined factors' discrimination success between subjects in the CON and @entity922 groups. Loading patterns on DFA-selected factors described @entity922 -specific spectral and coherence differences when compared to controls. The frequency modulated auditory evoked response (FMAER) explored functional CON- @entity922 differences within the superior temporal gyri. RESULTS: Variable reduction by @entity2483 identified 40 coherence-based factors explaining 77.8  % of the total variance and 40 spectral factors explaining 95.9  % of the variance. DFA demonstrated significant CON- @entity922 group difference (P <0.00001) and successful jackknifed subject classification (CON, 85.7  %; @entity922 , 86.4  % correct). The population distribution plotted along the canonical discriminant variable was clearly bimodal. Coherence factors delineated loading patterns of altered connectivity primarily involving the bilateral posterior temporal electrodes. However, FMAER analysis showed no CON- @entity922 group differences. CONCLUSIONS: @entity922 subjects form a cohesive group, significantly separable from CON subjects by EEG-derived indices. Symptoms of @entity922 may relate to altered connectivity with the posterior temporal regions but not to primary auditory processing abnormalities within these regions.

title: Neurophysiological differences between @entity1 clinically at high risk for XXXX and neurotypical controls - first steps in development of a biomarker.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['PCA', 'principal component analysis']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['clinically high risk', 'CHR']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity161 is a severe, disabling and prevalent @entity146 without cure and with a variable, incomplete pharmacotherapeutic response. Prior to onset in adolescence or young adulthood a prodromal period of abnormal symptoms lasting weeks to years has been identified and operationalized as @entity922 ( @entity922 ) for @entity161 . However, only a minority of subjects prospectively identified with @entity922 convert to @entity161 , thereby limiting enthusiasm for early intervention(s). This study utilized objective resting electroencephalogram (EEG) quantification to determine whether @entity922 constitutes a cohesive entity and an evoked potential to assess @entity922 cortical auditory processing. METHODS: This study constitutes an EEG-based quantitative neurophysiological comparison between two unmedicated subject groups: 35 neurotypical controls (CON) and 22 @entity922 @entity1 . After artifact management, @entity2483 ( @entity2483 ) identified EEG spectral and spectral coherence factors described by associated loading patterns. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) determined factors' discrimination success between subjects in the CON and @entity922 groups. Loading patterns on DFA-selected factors described @entity922 -specific spectral and coherence differences when compared to controls. The frequency modulated auditory evoked response (FMAER) explored functional CON- @entity922 differences within the superior temporal gyri. RESULTS: Variable reduction by @entity2483 identified 40 coherence-based factors explaining 77.8  % of the total variance and 40 spectral factors explaining 95.9  % of the variance. DFA demonstrated significant CON- @entity922 group difference (P <0.00001) and successful jackknifed subject classification (CON, 85.7  %; @entity922 , 86.4  % correct). The population distribution plotted along the canonical discriminant variable was clearly bimodal. Coherence factors delineated loading patterns of altered connectivity primarily involving the bilateral posterior temporal electrodes. However, FMAER analysis showed no CON- @entity922 group differences. CONCLUSIONS: @entity922 subjects form a cohesive group, significantly separable from CON subjects by EEG-derived indices. Symptoms of @entity922 may relate to altered connectivity with the posterior temporal regions but not to primary auditory processing abnormalities within these regions.

title: Neurophysiological differences between XXXX clinically at high risk for @entity161 and neurotypical controls - first steps in development of a biomarker.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity440 is the standard endocrine therapy for ER+ @entity0 ; however, many @entity1 still relapse after long-term therapy. @entity896 , a glycolytic inhibitor, has shown high selective anti- @entity5 activity in vitro, and in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible augmentation of the effect of @entity440 via reprograming @entity5 cell metabolism using @entity896 . METHODS: An in vitro screening of antitumor activity as well as the apoptotic, anti-metastatic, and anti-angiogenic potentials of the combination therapy were carried out using different techniques on @entity0 cell lines MCF7and T47D. In addition the antitumor effect of the combined therapy was done on @entity19 @entity5 . RESULTS: Our results showed modulation in apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastatic potential by either drug alone; however, their combination has surpassed that of the individual one. Combination regimen enhanced activated @entity35802 , as well as oxidative stress, signified by increased @entity1234 and decreased @entity2041 level. Additionally, the angiogenesis and @entity3 markers, including @entity519 inducing factor-1a, vascular endothelia growth factor, and metaloproteinases-2 and 9 were decreased after using the combination regimen. These results were further confirmed by the in vivo study, which depicted a decrease in the @entity5 volume and angiogenesis and an increase in oxidative stress as well. CONCLUSION: @entity896 could be a valuable compound when added with @entity440 in @entity0 treatment.

title: Targeting glycolysis by @entity896 improves @entity440 cytotoxicity of XXXX cell lines.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity896 :: ('MESH:C017092', 'Chemical') :: ['3-Bromopyruvate', '3-bromopyruvate']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen', 'Tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['bearing tumor', 'tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity440 is the standard endocrine therapy for ER+ @entity0 ; however, many @entity1 still relapse after long-term therapy. @entity896 , a glycolytic inhibitor, has shown high selective anti- @entity5 activity in vitro, and in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible augmentation of the effect of @entity440 via reprograming @entity5 cell metabolism using @entity896 . METHODS: An in vitro screening of antitumor activity as well as the apoptotic, anti-metastatic, and anti-angiogenic potentials of the combination therapy were carried out using different techniques on @entity0 cell lines MCF7and T47D. In addition the antitumor effect of the combined therapy was done on @entity19 @entity5 . RESULTS: Our results showed modulation in apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastatic potential by either drug alone; however, their combination has surpassed that of the individual one. Combination regimen enhanced activated @entity35802 , as well as oxidative stress, signified by increased @entity1234 and decreased @entity2041 level. Additionally, the angiogenesis and @entity3 markers, including @entity519 inducing factor-1a, vascular endothelia growth factor, and metaloproteinases-2 and 9 were decreased after using the combination regimen. These results were further confirmed by the in vivo study, which depicted a decrease in the @entity5 volume and angiogenesis and an increase in oxidative stress as well. CONCLUSION: @entity896 could be a valuable compound when added with @entity440 in @entity0 treatment.

title: Targeting glycolysis by XXXX improves @entity440 cytotoxicity of @entity0 cell lines.

answer: @entity896 :: (MESH:C017092,Chemical) :: ['3-bromopyruvate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity440 is the standard endocrine therapy for ER+ @entity0 ; however, many @entity1 still relapse after long-term therapy. @entity896 , a glycolytic inhibitor, has shown high selective anti- @entity5 activity in vitro, and in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible augmentation of the effect of @entity440 via reprograming @entity5 cell metabolism using @entity896 . METHODS: An in vitro screening of antitumor activity as well as the apoptotic, anti-metastatic, and anti-angiogenic potentials of the combination therapy were carried out using different techniques on @entity0 cell lines MCF7and T47D. In addition the antitumor effect of the combined therapy was done on @entity19 @entity5 . RESULTS: Our results showed modulation in apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastatic potential by either drug alone; however, their combination has surpassed that of the individual one. Combination regimen enhanced activated @entity35802 , as well as oxidative stress, signified by increased @entity1234 and decreased @entity2041 level. Additionally, the angiogenesis and @entity3 markers, including @entity519 inducing factor-1a, vascular endothelia growth factor, and metaloproteinases-2 and 9 were decreased after using the combination regimen. These results were further confirmed by the in vivo study, which depicted a decrease in the @entity5 volume and angiogenesis and an increase in oxidative stress as well. CONCLUSION: @entity896 could be a valuable compound when added with @entity440 in @entity0 treatment.

title: Targeting glycolysis by @entity896 improves XXXX cytotoxicity of @entity0 cell lines.

answer: @entity440 :: (MESH:D013629,Chemical) :: ['tamoxifen']


abstract: Forty-six @entity1 with locally recurrent disease were re-irradiated with fast neutrons at Fermilab. All had received prior radical radiation therapy either with or without surgery. Six were palliative. Forty @entity1 treated with curative intent were analyzed for local response, survival, and complications. The overall response rate was 78% (31/40); 50% (20/40) had a complete local response. Ten of 16 @entity1 (63%) with @entity957 in the head and neck regions had complete response, whereas only nine of twenty @entity1 (45%) with @entity957 were complete responders. In a subset of 12 @entity1 with @entity5 , 10 had a complete response (83%). Two of these 10 @entity1 are alive beyond 5 years. Observed median survival for the forty @entity1 was 9.3 months, and for complete responders 14.4 months. Observed median survival for partial responders was only 7.5 months. Four of six @entity1 treated for palliation had significant subjective improvement. Significant morbidity, Grade III or greater (EORTC/RTOG scale), was seen in only 10 @entity1 (25%), and this was found to depend directly on the total dose delivered. We conclude that neutron beam therapy can be used as a therapeutic modality for @entity1 with recurrent @entity5 with an acceptable degree of morbidity.

title: Re-irradiation of locally recurrent XXXX with fast neutrons.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['epidermoid carcinomas', 'non-epidermoid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['salivary gland type tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumors']


abstract: There are only infrequent complications from intermediate dose infradiaphragmatic radiation to the para-aortics or para-aortic and iliac nodal regions as given in @entity978 or @entity4797 . Nonetheless, such complications can cause significant debility and may be lifelong. Treatment related factors associated with such complications should be identified and where possible, avoided. We have analyzed the records of 1,026 @entity1 treated nationwide in the Patterns of Care Outcome. Studies including the Hodgkin's national practice survey (387 @entity1 ), Hodgkin's large facility survey (253 @entity1 ), and @entity4797 national practice survey (386 @entity1 ). There were 883 @entity1 who received infradiaphragmatic radiation to the para-aortics or para-aortic and iliac regions. Complications which occurred in these @entity1 included @entity344 , @entity99 , @entity1310 , @entity130 , @entity1583 , second @entity5 , and miscellaneous others. There were 139 complications of any severity and 35 major complications requiring hospitalization for management. The 3-year actuarial complication rates were 14% and 4% for any and major complications, respectively. There was a statistically significant increase in both any complications and major complications with dose (p less than .01). The most frequent complications were those related to @entity344 such as peptic ulceration, @entity548 , @entity294 , and @entity1321 . Major bowel complications comprised 60% (21/35) of major complications and increased with dose from 1% for doses less than 3,500 cGy to 3% for doses greater than or equal to 3,500 cGy (p = .03). This study indicates that total dose is an important factor in determining complications, particularly @entity344 , in @entity1 receiving infradiaphragmatic radiation in @entity978 and @entity4797 and that prior G.I. disease is associated with an increased risk of radiation related bowel complication. The radiotherapist should seek to optimize the therapeutic ratio in these diseases where gross disease can be controlled with 3500 cGy or less with few exceptions.

title: Complications from large field intermediate dose infradiaphragmatic radiation: an analysis of the patterns of care outcome studies for XXXX and @entity4797 .

entities_list: @entity1310 :: ('MESH:D009393', 'Disease') :: ['nephritis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal injury']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic injury']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['Seminoma', 'seminoma']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['gonadal injury']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: There are only infrequent complications from intermediate dose infradiaphragmatic radiation to the para-aortics or para-aortic and iliac nodal regions as given in @entity978 or @entity4797 . Nonetheless, such complications can cause significant debility and may be lifelong. Treatment related factors associated with such complications should be identified and where possible, avoided. We have analyzed the records of 1,026 @entity1 treated nationwide in the Patterns of Care Outcome. Studies including the Hodgkin's national practice survey (387 @entity1 ), Hodgkin's large facility survey (253 @entity1 ), and @entity4797 national practice survey (386 @entity1 ). There were 883 @entity1 who received infradiaphragmatic radiation to the para-aortics or para-aortic and iliac regions. Complications which occurred in these @entity1 included @entity344 , @entity99 , @entity1310 , @entity130 , @entity1583 , second @entity5 , and miscellaneous others. There were 139 complications of any severity and 35 major complications requiring hospitalization for management. The 3-year actuarial complication rates were 14% and 4% for any and major complications, respectively. There was a statistically significant increase in both any complications and major complications with dose (p less than .01). The most frequent complications were those related to @entity344 such as peptic ulceration, @entity548 , @entity294 , and @entity1321 . Major bowel complications comprised 60% (21/35) of major complications and increased with dose from 1% for doses less than 3,500 cGy to 3% for doses greater than or equal to 3,500 cGy (p = .03). This study indicates that total dose is an important factor in determining complications, particularly @entity344 , in @entity1 receiving infradiaphragmatic radiation in @entity978 and @entity4797 and that prior G.I. disease is associated with an increased risk of radiation related bowel complication. The radiotherapist should seek to optimize the therapeutic ratio in these diseases where gross disease can be controlled with 3500 cGy or less with few exceptions.

title: Complications from large field intermediate dose infradiaphragmatic radiation: an analysis of the patterns of care outcome studies for @entity978 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['seminoma']


abstract: There is general agreement that aggressive management and monitoring of the @entity1 with @entity6075 with control of @entity428 ( @entity428 ) will improve @entity1 survival and eventual outcome. Conversely, there is little agreement on the value of surgical craniectomy for increasing intracranial volume and subsequently decreasing @entity428 in these same @entity1 . This study examines 115 @entity1 with severe closed @entity542 (Glasgow @entity772 Score 8 or less) seen at the North Carolina Baptist Hospital between July 1, 1983, and April 1, 1987. All 115 @entity1 were started on a regimen of head elevation, fluid restriction, chemoparalysis, and hyperventilation at PCO2 25-30 torr. Fifty-seven @entity1 failed to respond to that therapy and were given @entity2656 . Twenty-seven of these still failed to respond; 24 were placed in a pentobarbital @entity772 therapy group and 3 underwent subtemporal decompression. Of the 24 @entity1 in pentobarbital @entity772 , 17 failed to respond, 7 of whom underwent subtemporal decompression and 10 of whom were not operated on. Of all 10 @entity1 undergoing subtemporal decompression, 7 (70%) responded with an average reduction in @entity428 of 34% (+/- 19.5% SD). Of the 10, 4 died (40%), in contrast with a mortality of 82.4% among @entity1 in pentobarbital @entity772 . These data strongly suggest that subtemporal decompression can be beneficial in @entity1 with medically intractable elevations of @entity428 .

title: Role of subtemporal decompression in severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['Coma', 'coma', 'coma without subtemporal decompression']

entities_list: @entity6075 :: ('MESH:D016489', 'Disease') :: ['closed head injury']

answer: @entity6075 :: (MESH:D016489,Disease) :: ['closed head injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between three @entity21378 peptides and the incidence of radiographic and clinical @entity626 ( @entity571 ). DESIGN: @entity1 between 50 and 60 years, with a BMI >= 27  kg/m(2), free of knee @entity571 , were recruited. Using binary logistic regression, the association between baseline concentration of serum fibulin (Fib)3-1, @entity71057 -2 and @entity71057 -3 and incidence of clinical and radiographic knee @entity571 after 30 months of follow-up was evaluated. RESULTS: Baseline and follow-up measurements were available for 241 @entity1 with a mean age of 55.9      3.2 years and mean BMI of 31.7      3.6  kg/m(2). None of the concentrations of the three @entity71057 epitopes were associated with the incidence of medial or lateral joint space narrowing (JSN) >= 1.0  mm or the incidence of Kellgren _ Lawrence (K_L) grade >= 2 after 30 months. All three @entity71057 epitopes were associated with the incidence of the clinical and radiographic ACR-criteria and @entity71057 -1 and @entity71057 -3 also with chronic @entity158 at follow-up. When adjusted for the other @entity71057 peptide concentrations, only @entity71057 -1 was significantly associated to the incidence of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-criteria (OR 3.2 [1.2-8.7]) and chronic @entity158 at follow-up (OR 3.0 [1.2-7.7]). CONCLUSIONS: Baseline @entity21378 concentrations are associated with the incidence of clinical knee @entity571 among middle-aged overweight and @entity28 @entity1 . Therewith, they meet the criteria of a prognostic biomarker according to the BIPED biomarker classification for @entity571 . Further validation of the @entity21378 epitopes seems warranted in order to better distinguish subgroups of individuals at increased risk for knee @entity571 development.

title: XXXX fragments are prognostic biomarkers of @entity571 incidence in overweight and @entity28 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity21378 :: (2202,Gene) :: ['Fibulin-3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between three @entity21378 peptides and the incidence of radiographic and clinical @entity626 ( @entity571 ). DESIGN: @entity1 between 50 and 60 years, with a BMI >= 27  kg/m(2), free of knee @entity571 , were recruited. Using binary logistic regression, the association between baseline concentration of serum fibulin (Fib)3-1, @entity71057 -2 and @entity71057 -3 and incidence of clinical and radiographic knee @entity571 after 30 months of follow-up was evaluated. RESULTS: Baseline and follow-up measurements were available for 241 @entity1 with a mean age of 55.9      3.2 years and mean BMI of 31.7      3.6  kg/m(2). None of the concentrations of the three @entity71057 epitopes were associated with the incidence of medial or lateral joint space narrowing (JSN) >= 1.0  mm or the incidence of Kellgren _ Lawrence (K_L) grade >= 2 after 30 months. All three @entity71057 epitopes were associated with the incidence of the clinical and radiographic ACR-criteria and @entity71057 -1 and @entity71057 -3 also with chronic @entity158 at follow-up. When adjusted for the other @entity71057 peptide concentrations, only @entity71057 -1 was significantly associated to the incidence of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-criteria (OR 3.2 [1.2-8.7]) and chronic @entity158 at follow-up (OR 3.0 [1.2-7.7]). CONCLUSIONS: Baseline @entity21378 concentrations are associated with the incidence of clinical knee @entity571 among middle-aged overweight and @entity28 @entity1 . Therewith, they meet the criteria of a prognostic biomarker according to the BIPED biomarker classification for @entity571 . Further validation of the @entity21378 epitopes seems warranted in order to better distinguish subgroups of individuals at increased risk for knee @entity571 development.

title: @entity21378 fragments are prognostic biomarkers of XXXX incidence in overweight and @entity28 @entity1 .

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between three @entity21378 peptides and the incidence of radiographic and clinical @entity626 ( @entity571 ). DESIGN: @entity1 between 50 and 60 years, with a BMI >= 27  kg/m(2), free of knee @entity571 , were recruited. Using binary logistic regression, the association between baseline concentration of serum fibulin (Fib)3-1, @entity71057 -2 and @entity71057 -3 and incidence of clinical and radiographic knee @entity571 after 30 months of follow-up was evaluated. RESULTS: Baseline and follow-up measurements were available for 241 @entity1 with a mean age of 55.9      3.2 years and mean BMI of 31.7      3.6  kg/m(2). None of the concentrations of the three @entity71057 epitopes were associated with the incidence of medial or lateral joint space narrowing (JSN) >= 1.0  mm or the incidence of Kellgren _ Lawrence (K_L) grade >= 2 after 30 months. All three @entity71057 epitopes were associated with the incidence of the clinical and radiographic ACR-criteria and @entity71057 -1 and @entity71057 -3 also with chronic @entity158 at follow-up. When adjusted for the other @entity71057 peptide concentrations, only @entity71057 -1 was significantly associated to the incidence of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-criteria (OR 3.2 [1.2-8.7]) and chronic @entity158 at follow-up (OR 3.0 [1.2-7.7]). CONCLUSIONS: Baseline @entity21378 concentrations are associated with the incidence of clinical knee @entity571 among middle-aged overweight and @entity28 @entity1 . Therewith, they meet the criteria of a prognostic biomarker according to the BIPED biomarker classification for @entity571 . Further validation of the @entity21378 epitopes seems warranted in order to better distinguish subgroups of individuals at increased risk for knee @entity571 development.

title: @entity21378 fragments are prognostic biomarkers of @entity571 incidence in overweight and XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between three @entity21378 peptides and the incidence of radiographic and clinical @entity626 ( @entity571 ). DESIGN: @entity1 between 50 and 60 years, with a BMI >= 27  kg/m(2), free of knee @entity571 , were recruited. Using binary logistic regression, the association between baseline concentration of serum fibulin (Fib)3-1, @entity71057 -2 and @entity71057 -3 and incidence of clinical and radiographic knee @entity571 after 30 months of follow-up was evaluated. RESULTS: Baseline and follow-up measurements were available for 241 @entity1 with a mean age of 55.9      3.2 years and mean BMI of 31.7      3.6  kg/m(2). None of the concentrations of the three @entity71057 epitopes were associated with the incidence of medial or lateral joint space narrowing (JSN) >= 1.0  mm or the incidence of Kellgren _ Lawrence (K_L) grade >= 2 after 30 months. All three @entity71057 epitopes were associated with the incidence of the clinical and radiographic ACR-criteria and @entity71057 -1 and @entity71057 -3 also with chronic @entity158 at follow-up. When adjusted for the other @entity71057 peptide concentrations, only @entity71057 -1 was significantly associated to the incidence of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-criteria (OR 3.2 [1.2-8.7]) and chronic @entity158 at follow-up (OR 3.0 [1.2-7.7]). CONCLUSIONS: Baseline @entity21378 concentrations are associated with the incidence of clinical knee @entity571 among middle-aged overweight and @entity28 @entity1 . Therewith, they meet the criteria of a prognostic biomarker according to the BIPED biomarker classification for @entity571 . Further validation of the @entity21378 epitopes seems warranted in order to better distinguish subgroups of individuals at increased risk for knee @entity571 development.

title: @entity21378 fragments are prognostic biomarkers of @entity571 incidence in overweight and @entity28 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The reasons for @entity249 in @entity1 with mild @entity46 remain unclear. Peritoneal fluid constituents may alter tubal transport and @entity2085 , with subsequent implantation disturbances. We used an animal model to study the influence of endometrial implants on early embryonic development. In 25 @entity95 , endometrium from the right uterine horn was transplanted onto the peritoneum (Experimental group = Group E). In 25 @entity95 , fat was transplanted (control group = group C). After a recovery period of 12 weeks the does were mated, and killed 24 h later. In the experimental group the implants had changed into cysts of 5-15 mm in diameter. Histological examination revealed @entity1478 in every specimen. Periadnexal adhesions did not develop in any animal. No marked differences were found between Groups E and C in @entity2085 stage, 24 h after mating. Additional culturing of the embryos for 48 h in a suitable culture medium revealed normal further development of the embryos. Bearing in mind the restrictions of extrapolating a @entity95 model to the @entity1 , it is suggested that the decreased fecundity in mild @entity46 is not caused by altered early @entity2085 rate. The results of this study offer indirect evidence for implantation disturbances as a cause of @entity46 -associated @entity249 .

title: Effect of XXXX on early embryonic development in the @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['sub-fertility']

entities_list: @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic cleavage']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial glands and stroma']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: The reasons for @entity249 in @entity1 with mild @entity46 remain unclear. Peritoneal fluid constituents may alter tubal transport and @entity2085 , with subsequent implantation disturbances. We used an animal model to study the influence of endometrial implants on early embryonic development. In 25 @entity95 , endometrium from the right uterine horn was transplanted onto the peritoneum (Experimental group = Group E). In 25 @entity95 , fat was transplanted (control group = group C). After a recovery period of 12 weeks the does were mated, and killed 24 h later. In the experimental group the implants had changed into cysts of 5-15 mm in diameter. Histological examination revealed @entity1478 in every specimen. Periadnexal adhesions did not develop in any animal. No marked differences were found between Groups E and C in @entity2085 stage, 24 h after mating. Additional culturing of the embryos for 48 h in a suitable culture medium revealed normal further development of the embryos. Bearing in mind the restrictions of extrapolating a @entity95 model to the @entity1 , it is suggested that the decreased fecundity in mild @entity46 is not caused by altered early @entity2085 rate. The results of this study offer indirect evidence for implantation disturbances as a cause of @entity46 -associated @entity249 .

title: Effect of @entity46 on early embryonic development in the XXXX .

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: 48 @entity1 with @entity981 (3%) treated according to two different protocols survived 5 years or longer. The mean survival time was 13.0 +/- 5.0 years, but 29 @entity1 lived 16.5 +/- 3.0 years. Only 18 @entity1 (38%) were 16.9 +/- 3.0 years in them 1. CCR, the longest remission time amounted to more than 25 years. Of the @entity1 relapsed 9 are 8.4 +/- 2.8 years in 2. CR. Late relapses after 5 years were observed in seven cases the last in the 9th year of disease. After 5 years the survival rate in both protocols was not different. As a late sequelae, there was one @entity1 with @entity616 and portal @entity101 and one with @entity75 and imbecility. All @entity1 were able to leave their professional examination, 5 @entity1 married and 6 healthy @entity1 were born.

title: [Long-term survival following XXXX ( @entity981 ) in childhood].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic block']

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']


abstract: 48 @entity1 with @entity981 (3%) treated according to two different protocols survived 5 years or longer. The mean survival time was 13.0 +/- 5.0 years, but 29 @entity1 lived 16.5 +/- 3.0 years. Only 18 @entity1 (38%) were 16.9 +/- 3.0 years in them 1. CCR, the longest remission time amounted to more than 25 years. Of the @entity1 relapsed 9 are 8.4 +/- 2.8 years in 2. CR. Late relapses after 5 years were observed in seven cases the last in the 9th year of disease. After 5 years the survival rate in both protocols was not different. As a late sequelae, there was one @entity1 with @entity616 and portal @entity101 and one with @entity75 and imbecility. All @entity1 were able to leave their professional examination, 5 @entity1 married and 6 healthy @entity1 were born.

title: [Long-term survival following @entity981 ( XXXX ) in childhood].

answer: @entity981 :: (MESH:D054198,Disease) :: ['ALL']


abstract: PURPOSE: The once daily formulation of @entity1140 is an important immunosuppressive drug. Interpatient variability in metabolism has been related to genetic variation in @entity5322 and @entity5396 . However, in liver transplantation, both donor and recipient genotypes may affect pharmacokinetics. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of @entity5322 *22 and @entity5396 *3 of both donor and recipient on once daily @entity1140 pharmacokinetics. The secondary objective was to develop a limited sampling model able to accurately predict exposure. METHODS: Stable liver transplant @entity1 receiving once daily @entity1140 (N  =  66) were included. Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed with @entity1 of whom DNA was available (N  =  49), and demographic factors, @entity5322 *22 and @entity5396 *3, were tested as covariates. Moreover, a limited sampling model was developed using data of 66 @entity1 . RESULTS: Pharmacokinetics was best described by a two-compartment model with delayed absorption. @entity5396 *1 carrying recipients engrafted with a @entity5396 *1 carrying liver had an average 1.7-fold higher clearance compared to non-carriers. @entity5396 *1 carrying recipients engrafted with a @entity5396 *1 non-carrying liver or vice versa showed an average 1.3-fold higher clearance compared with non-carriers. @entity5322 *22 was not significantly associated with once daily @entity1140 pharmacokinetics. Using 0, 2, and 3  h postdose as limited sampling model resulted in significantly improved prediction of @entity1140 exposure compared with trough concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Both donor and recipient @entity5396 genotype significantly influences @entity1140 once daily pharmacokinetics. In contrast, @entity5322 *22 appears not suitable as biomarker. The developed limited sampling model can be used to accurately estimate @entity1140 once daily exposure.

title: Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of once daily XXXX formulation in stable liver transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: Structural and functional changes in the @entity35 small intestine following localized @entity221 were examined. In anaesthetized male @entity35 a 10 cm segment of mid-small intestine was temporarily exteriorized, suspended in a cup containing Krebs-Ringer solution, and either heated at 43.5 degrees C or sham-heated at 38 degrees C for 45 min. The intestinal segments were studied 1, 4, 7, 21 and 42 days later by histopathological examination, determination of wet weight, dry weight and gross segment area, and by measuring absorption of 15 mM @entity413 containing @entity3209 -labelled @entity413 as a tracer. Intestinal @entity413 transport was assessed by two different techniques: the everted sac method (in vitro) and luminal perfusion-recirculation (in vivo). After 1 day, heated intestinal segments exhibited marked @entity16 , consisting of loss of epithelial cells and destruction of villi. Re-epithelialization had occurred by day 4, but mucosal architecture remained abnormal throughout the observation period. @entity221 caused significant thickening of the intestinal wall: at 4 days the thickening was due to @entity4 , whereas at 42 days tissue mass per cm2 in heated segments had increased by approximately 53 per cent compared with sham-heated control segments. At 1 day, net @entity413 transport in vitro in heated segments was reduced to 20 per cent and the serosal/mucosal concentration ratio to 57 per cent of that of control segments. In vivo, @entity413 transport in heated intestine at 4 days was 45 per cent of that of controls. From 4 days on, @entity413 transport improved gradually, and at 42 days there was no significant difference between heated and sham-heated animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Morphological and functional recovery of @entity35 small intestine following localized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal damage']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia', 'Hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'D(+)-glucose']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['hyperthermia']


abstract: Structural and functional changes in the @entity35 small intestine following localized @entity221 were examined. In anaesthetized male @entity35 a 10 cm segment of mid-small intestine was temporarily exteriorized, suspended in a cup containing Krebs-Ringer solution, and either heated at 43.5 degrees C or sham-heated at 38 degrees C for 45 min. The intestinal segments were studied 1, 4, 7, 21 and 42 days later by histopathological examination, determination of wet weight, dry weight and gross segment area, and by measuring absorption of 15 mM @entity413 containing @entity3209 -labelled @entity413 as a tracer. Intestinal @entity413 transport was assessed by two different techniques: the everted sac method (in vitro) and luminal perfusion-recirculation (in vivo). After 1 day, heated intestinal segments exhibited marked @entity16 , consisting of loss of epithelial cells and destruction of villi. Re-epithelialization had occurred by day 4, but mucosal architecture remained abnormal throughout the observation period. @entity221 caused significant thickening of the intestinal wall: at 4 days the thickening was due to @entity4 , whereas at 42 days tissue mass per cm2 in heated segments had increased by approximately 53 per cent compared with sham-heated control segments. At 1 day, net @entity413 transport in vitro in heated segments was reduced to 20 per cent and the serosal/mucosal concentration ratio to 57 per cent of that of control segments. In vivo, @entity413 transport in heated intestine at 4 days was 45 per cent of that of controls. From 4 days on, @entity413 transport improved gradually, and at 42 days there was no significant difference between heated and sham-heated animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Morphological and functional recovery of XXXX small intestine following localized @entity221 .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is prospective study analyzing the subjective and objective quality of voice and voice related quality of life in @entity1 of early @entity5 (T1, T2 disease) before and after receiving curative radiotherapy. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 of early @entity189 (T1, T2) underwent voice assessment using multidimensional voice protocol based on recommendation by European Laryngological Society which included Perceptual analysis of voice by speech therapist and otolaryngologist, acoustic analysis; aerodynamic efficiency analysis-Maximum phonation time; @entity1 's self perception of voice analysis--Voice handicap index; and videolaryngostroboscopy. Assessment was done prior to commencement of radiation therapy and at 1 month and 3 months following radio- therapy. RESULTS: There was significant improvement in majority of the voice parameters post radiotherapy. Perceptual analysis showed significant improvement in GRBAS score following radiotherapy. Perturbation measures (jitter, shimmer, SNR, HNR) showed improvement post radiotherapy though remained inferior compared to controls. Mean fundamental frequency (Mean F0) and habitual frequency (habitual F0) decreased post radiotherapy. Intensity of voice increased following radiotherapy which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was significant improvement in the @entity1 's perception of their quality of voice and voice related quality of life post radiotherapy. Maximum phonation time showed statistically significant improvement post-radiotherapy. Perceptual analysis of voice by professional observer correlated well with @entity1 self perception of his own voice. CONCLUSION: Voice quality improves following radiotherapy but not all the @entity1 regain normal voice. Improvement in @entity1740 improves quality of life of @entity1 shown by improved voice handicap index.

title: Early evaluation of XXXX in @entity5 (T1, T2) following curative radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['glottic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1740 :: ('MESH:D014832', 'Disease') :: ['voice quality']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['glottic cancer']

answer: @entity1740 :: (MESH:D014832,Disease) :: ['voice quality']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is prospective study analyzing the subjective and objective quality of voice and voice related quality of life in @entity1 of early @entity5 (T1, T2 disease) before and after receiving curative radiotherapy. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 of early @entity189 (T1, T2) underwent voice assessment using multidimensional voice protocol based on recommendation by European Laryngological Society which included Perceptual analysis of voice by speech therapist and otolaryngologist, acoustic analysis; aerodynamic efficiency analysis-Maximum phonation time; @entity1 's self perception of voice analysis--Voice handicap index; and videolaryngostroboscopy. Assessment was done prior to commencement of radiation therapy and at 1 month and 3 months following radio- therapy. RESULTS: There was significant improvement in majority of the voice parameters post radiotherapy. Perceptual analysis showed significant improvement in GRBAS score following radiotherapy. Perturbation measures (jitter, shimmer, SNR, HNR) showed improvement post radiotherapy though remained inferior compared to controls. Mean fundamental frequency (Mean F0) and habitual frequency (habitual F0) decreased post radiotherapy. Intensity of voice increased following radiotherapy which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was significant improvement in the @entity1 's perception of their quality of voice and voice related quality of life post radiotherapy. Maximum phonation time showed statistically significant improvement post-radiotherapy. Perceptual analysis of voice by professional observer correlated well with @entity1 self perception of his own voice. CONCLUSION: Voice quality improves following radiotherapy but not all the @entity1 regain normal voice. Improvement in @entity1740 improves quality of life of @entity1 shown by improved voice handicap index.

title: Early evaluation of @entity1740 in XXXX (T1, T2) following curative radiotherapy.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['glottic cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Criteria for determining @entity1620 ( @entity1620 ) vary between China and the United States. We reported the results of an investigation designed to compare procedures to determine @entity1620 in two countries. METHODS: The latest criteria in the United states were published in 2010. The latest criteria in China were published in 2009. We used these two types of @entity1620 criteria to evaluate @entity1 who were considered to be @entity1620 . The time, cost, and accuracy of the diagnosis were compared. RESULTS: From January 1, 2012 to October 8, 2013, there were 37 @entity1 which were applied for @entity1620 evaluation in the Neurological Intensive Care Unit of Beijing Tiantan Hospital. The cause of @entity772 were known as @entity510 (18 @entity1 , 48.6%), @entity1779 (8 @entity1 , 21.6%), @entity2806 (9 @entity1 , 24.3%), @entity3308 (1 @entity1 , 2.7%), and @entity281 (1 @entity1 , 2.7%). The clinical examinations were done for all of the @entity1 except 1 @entity1 who had low blood pressure. Three @entity1 had brainstem reflexes that were excluded from @entity1620 . Twenty-five @entity1 had @entity386 tests, and 20 tests were completed that were all positive. Confirmatory tests were completed differently: Transcranial Doppler (30 @entity1 , positive rate 86.7%), electroencephalogram (25 @entity1 , positive rate 100%), and somatosensory evoked potential (16 @entity1 , positive rate 100%). Thirty-three @entity1 were diagnosed @entity1620 by criteria of the United States. Only 9 @entity1 were diagnosed @entity1620 by Chinese criteria. The use of time and money in the USA criteria was obviously fewer than those in Chinese criteria (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Compared with @entity1620 criteria of the United States, Chinese criteria were stricter, lower positive rate, more cost in money and time, and more reliable by families and doctors.

title: A Comparison of XXXX Criteria between China and the United States.

entities_list: @entity3308 :: ('MESH:D020295', 'Disease') :: ['brain stem tumor']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial infection']

entities_list: @entity1620 :: ('MESH:D001926', 'Disease') :: ['brain death', 'BD']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1620 :: (MESH:D001926,Disease) :: ['Brain Death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Motor dysfunction is common in @entity64 @entity1 . Clinical electrophysiological studies suggest that @entity528 occurred in the lower motor neurons, while pathological evidence is lacked. This study aimed to combine the electrophysiological and pathological results to prove the existence of @entity528 in the motor system after @entity64 . METHODS: Modified neurologic severity score, electrophysiological, and pathological assessments were evaluated in @entity35 before @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ), and at 24 hours, 7 days, and 14 days after @entity2500 . Paired and independent-sample t-tests were applied to assess the changes of electrophysiological and pathological data. RESULTS: Compound motor action potential amplitude in the paretic side was significantly lower than the nonparetic side at both 24 hours (61.9    10.4 vs. 66.6    8.9, P < 0.05) and 7 days (60.9    8.4 vs. 67.3    9.6, P < 0.05) after @entity2500 . Motor unit number estimation of the paretic side was significantly less than the nonparetic side (379.0    84.6 vs. 445.0    89.5, P < 0.05) at 7 days after @entity2500 . Until 14 days after @entity64 , the pathological loss of motor neurons was detected. Motor neurons in 14-day @entity2500 group were significantly decreased, compared with control group (5.3    0.7 vs. 7.3    1.8, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both electrophysiological and pathological studies showed @entity528 after @entity64 . This study identified the asynchronization in changes of electrophysiology and pathology. The abnormal physiological changes and function impairment can be detected in the early stage and recovered quickly, while the pathological loss of motor neuron can be detected only in a later stage.

title: Asynchronization in Changes of Electrophysiology and Pathology of Spinal Cord Motor Neurons in XXXX Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCAO', 'middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['transsynaptic degeneration']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: Receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA)-mediated motility ( @entity16104 ) is a nonintegral cell surface receptor involved in the @entity146 phenotype in a wide spectrum of @entity1 @entity5 , but the significance of @entity16104 in @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ) remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of @entity16104 and its clinical relevance in @entity1124 . @entity16104 mRNA expression was examined in 8 @entity1124 cell lines and in primary @entity788 and adjacent non- @entity5 tissues from 14 @entity1 using real-time RT-PCR. Western blotting was carried out to analyze the expression of @entity16104 protein in @entity1124 cell lines. We also investigated the expression patterns of @entity16104 protein in tissue samples from 70 @entity1124 @entity1 using immunohistochemistry. The @entity16104 mRNA expression was increased in some @entity1124 cell lines as compared to a non-tumorous pancreatic epithelial cell line HPDE. The @entity16104 mRNA expression was significantly higher in @entity1124 tissues as compared to corresponding non-tumorous pancreatic tissues (P < 0.0001). The @entity16104 protein expression was higher in the vast majority of @entity1124 cell lines relative to the expression in HPDE. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong expression of @entity16104 in 52 (74%) @entity1124 tissues. Strong expression of @entity16104 was significantly associated with a shorter survival time (P = 0.038). In multivariate analysis, @entity5 stage (P = 0.039), @entity41 (P = 0.015), and strong @entity16104 expression (P = 0.034) were independent factors predicting poor survival. Strong expression of @entity16104 may predict poor survival in @entity1124 @entity1 and may provide prognostic and, possibly, therapeutic value.

title: Receptor for Hyaluronic Acid-Mediated Motility is Associated with Poor Survival in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['PDAC', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies']

answer: @entity1124 :: (MESH:D021441,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: The objective of this study is to develop a cost-effectiveness model comparing @entity734 ( @entity734 ) vs bare metal stent (BMS) in @entity1 suffering of stable @entity453 . Using a 2-years time horizon, two simulation models have been developed: BMS first line strategy and @entity734 first line strategy. Direct medical costs were estimated considering ambulatory and hospital costs. The effectiveness endpoint was defined as treatment success, which is the absence of major adverse @entity299 . Probabilistic sensitivity analyses were carried out using 10000 Monte-Carlo simulations. @entity734 appeared slightly more efficacious over 2 years (60% of success) when compared to BMS (58% of success). Total costs over 2 years were estimated at 9303     for the @entity734 and at 8926     for bare metal stent. Hence, corresponding mean cost-effectiveness ratios showed slightly lower costs (P < 0.05) per success for the BMS strategy (15520    /success), as compared to the @entity734 strategy (15588    /success). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio is 18850     for one additional percent of success. The sequential strategy including BMS as the first option appears to be slightly less efficacious but more cost-effective compared to the strategy including @entity734 as first option. Future modelling approaches should confirm these results as further comparative data in stable @entity453 and long-term evidence become available.

title: Cost-effectiveness modelling of percutaneous coronary interventions in stable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['DES', 'drug eluting stents']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescence is last chance for curbing the consequences of @entity3147 and breaking the intergenerational cycle of @entity3147 and poor health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and the factors associated with stunting and @entity14968 among in-school adolescents in northern Ethiopia using the 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) standards. METHODS: In-school adolescents (n   =   348, 10-19 years old) were randomly selected to participate in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measurements were carried out to determine the proportion of adolescents who were stunted (height-for-age   <   -2 Standard Deviation (SD)) and thin (body-mass-index-for-age   <   -2 SD). T-test was employed to evaluate mean weight and height differences between groups. Pearson chi-square, chi-square trend and Fisher's exact tests were used to explore the crude association of categorical outcome variables and associated factors. Crude and adjusted associations between the outcome variables (stunting and @entity14968 ) and independent variables (socio-demographic, eating behavior and sanitation) were also determined using logistic regression. Stata version 11.1 was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The height of the adolescents was 147.6        11.2  cm (mean        SD) and weight was37.2        9.5  kg. The mean Z-scores of height-for-age and body-mass-index (BMI)-for-age of adolescents were -1.49 and -1.29, respectively. The prevalence of stunting and @entity14968 among adolescents was 28.5  % ( @entity1   =   37.7  %; @entity1   =   21.2  %; P   =   0.001) and 26.1  % ( @entity1   =   32.4; @entity1   =   21.6  %; p   =   0.017), respectively. Adolescents in 13-15 year old age group (Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR)   =   2.23; 95  % CI: 1.22, 4.08), @entity1 (AOR   =   2.53; 95  % CI: 1.52, 4.21) and rural residents (AOR   =   2.15; 95  % CI: 1.20, 3.86) had significantly higher odds of being stunted compared to their counterparts. Furthermore, @entity1 had higher (AOR   =   1.97; 95  % CI: 1.19, 3.25) odds of being thin compared to @entity1 . Compared to those 10 to 12  years of age, adolescents in 16 to 19  years of age were 53  % (AOR   =   0.47; 95  % CI: 0.23, 0.95) less likely to be thin. CONCLUSIONS: Undernutrition is widely prevalent among adolescents in northern Ethiopia. Sex, age and area of residence significantly associated with adolescent undernutrition. The study underlines the need for nutrition interventions targeting rural and @entity1 adolescents.

title: Prevalence and factors associated with stunting and XXXX among adolescent students in Northern Ethiopia: a comparison to World Health Organization standards.

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity14968 :: (MESH:D013851,Disease) :: ['thinness']


abstract: Chronic trigeminal @entity158 , with its severe related functional problems, is difficult to treat. Treatment is often empirically based on medications used for other @entity1118 conditions. Systemic @entity1372 channel and @entity460 channel blocking agents may cause a multitude of complications that are often poorly tolerated by the @entity1 . AIM: The aim of this case report was to assess the efficacy of topical 5% @entity3303 plasters in reducing @entity158 and reducing adjuvant medication in @entity1 with orofacial @entity9 . METHOD: Fourteen @entity1 with chronic @entity158 conditions referred to the oral surgery department were instructed to wear 5% @entity3303 plasters for 12 hours each day over the @entity158 area. The conditions included post-surgical @entity16 (n = 10), @entity15 -related @entity158 (n = 1), persistent idiopathic @entity158 (n = 1), @entity6324 ( @entity9 , n = 1) and trigeminal @entity9 (n = 1). Data were collected on @entity1 demographics, @entity158 levels and medication. RESULTS: Pain levels improved in 12 out of 14 @entity1 . Nine @entity1 had a reduction in adjuvant medication, two of whom completely stopped adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSION: This case series demonstrates that of the use of 5% @entity3303 plasters may play a useful role in the management of chronic trigeminal @entity158 . A suggested novel approach for the management of @entity158 , for clinicians, is presented. SUMMARY POINTS: Management of chronic @entity158 continues to be a major challenge to the clinician. @entity1 are often placed on a multitude of medications in an attempt to alleviate @entity158 without success.Topical 5% @entity3303 plasters, currently used for the management of @entity9 , offer the option of locally targeting trigeminal @entity158 without the multiple side-effects of systemic medication.This case series demonstrates that @entity3303 plasters decrease verbal @entity158 scores in extraoral, trigeminal and @entity9 , and reduce the use of other neuromodulatory agents in some, but not all, @entity1 .The plasters should be considered as a useful adjuvant in the management of @entity158 in these @entity1 .

title: Case studies illustrating the management of trigeminal @entity9 using topical 5% XXXX plasters.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['facial pain', 'orofacial pain', 'pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity6324 :: ('MESH:D016697', 'Disease') :: ['Ramsay Hunt syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain', 'neuralgia', 'post-herpetic neuralgia']

answer: @entity3303 :: (MESH:D008012,Chemical) :: ['lidocaine']


abstract: Chronic trigeminal @entity158 , with its severe related functional problems, is difficult to treat. Treatment is often empirically based on medications used for other @entity1118 conditions. Systemic @entity1372 channel and @entity460 channel blocking agents may cause a multitude of complications that are often poorly tolerated by the @entity1 . AIM: The aim of this case report was to assess the efficacy of topical 5% @entity3303 plasters in reducing @entity158 and reducing adjuvant medication in @entity1 with orofacial @entity9 . METHOD: Fourteen @entity1 with chronic @entity158 conditions referred to the oral surgery department were instructed to wear 5% @entity3303 plasters for 12 hours each day over the @entity158 area. The conditions included post-surgical @entity16 (n = 10), @entity15 -related @entity158 (n = 1), persistent idiopathic @entity158 (n = 1), @entity6324 ( @entity9 , n = 1) and trigeminal @entity9 (n = 1). Data were collected on @entity1 demographics, @entity158 levels and medication. RESULTS: Pain levels improved in 12 out of 14 @entity1 . Nine @entity1 had a reduction in adjuvant medication, two of whom completely stopped adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSION: This case series demonstrates that of the use of 5% @entity3303 plasters may play a useful role in the management of chronic trigeminal @entity158 . A suggested novel approach for the management of @entity158 , for clinicians, is presented. SUMMARY POINTS: Management of chronic @entity158 continues to be a major challenge to the clinician. @entity1 are often placed on a multitude of medications in an attempt to alleviate @entity158 without success.Topical 5% @entity3303 plasters, currently used for the management of @entity9 , offer the option of locally targeting trigeminal @entity158 without the multiple side-effects of systemic medication.This case series demonstrates that @entity3303 plasters decrease verbal @entity158 scores in extraoral, trigeminal and @entity9 , and reduce the use of other neuromodulatory agents in some, but not all, @entity1 .The plasters should be considered as a useful adjuvant in the management of @entity158 in these @entity1 .

title: Case studies illustrating the management of trigeminal XXXX using topical 5% @entity3303 plasters.

answer: @entity9 :: (MESH:D009437,Disease) :: ['neuropathic pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dietary intakes of @entity1372 and @entity972 are important determinants of blood pressure. We assessed @entity1372 and @entity972 intake in a cross-sectional survey which included a random sample of New Zealand Adults aged 18 to 64 years from two New Zealand cities: Dunedin and Wellington. @entity1 completed a short questionnaire, had height, weight and blood pressure measured, and collected a 24 h urine sample. Mean 24 h @entity1372 excretion was 3386 mg/day (95% CI 3221, 3551): 3865 mg/day for @entity1 and for 2934 mg/day @entity1 . Mean 24 h @entity972 excretion was 2738 mg/day (95% CI 2623, 2855): 3031 mg/day for @entity1 and 2436 mg/day for @entity1 . Mean @entity1372 : @entity972 ratio was 1.32 (95% CI 1.26, 1.39); 1.39 for @entity1 and 1.26 for @entity1 . @entity1372 intake was higher among younger @entity1 , @entity1 , those with a higher BMI and higher @entity972 excretion. @entity972 excretion was higher among older @entity1 , @entity1 and those with a higher @entity1372 excretion. New Zealand adults have high @entity1372 intakes and low @entity972 intakes compared to recommended levels. This is likely to adversely affect population blood pressure levels as well as incidence of @entity65 . A comprehensive public health programme to reduce dietary @entity1372 intake and increase intake of fruit and vegetables is warranted.

title: Balancing @entity1372 and XXXX : Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1372 :: ('MESH:D012964', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium', 'sodium']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['Potassium', 'potassium']

answer: @entity972 :: (MESH:D011188,Chemical) :: ['Potassium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dietary intakes of @entity1372 and @entity972 are important determinants of blood pressure. We assessed @entity1372 and @entity972 intake in a cross-sectional survey which included a random sample of New Zealand Adults aged 18 to 64 years from two New Zealand cities: Dunedin and Wellington. @entity1 completed a short questionnaire, had height, weight and blood pressure measured, and collected a 24 h urine sample. Mean 24 h @entity1372 excretion was 3386 mg/day (95% CI 3221, 3551): 3865 mg/day for @entity1 and for 2934 mg/day @entity1 . Mean 24 h @entity972 excretion was 2738 mg/day (95% CI 2623, 2855): 3031 mg/day for @entity1 and 2436 mg/day for @entity1 . Mean @entity1372 : @entity972 ratio was 1.32 (95% CI 1.26, 1.39); 1.39 for @entity1 and 1.26 for @entity1 . @entity1372 intake was higher among younger @entity1 , @entity1 , those with a higher BMI and higher @entity972 excretion. @entity972 excretion was higher among older @entity1 , @entity1 and those with a higher @entity1372 excretion. New Zealand adults have high @entity1372 intakes and low @entity972 intakes compared to recommended levels. This is likely to adversely affect population blood pressure levels as well as incidence of @entity65 . A comprehensive public health programme to reduce dietary @entity1372 intake and increase intake of fruit and vegetables is warranted.

title: Balancing XXXX and @entity972 : Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample.

answer: @entity1372 :: (MESH:D012964,Chemical) :: ['Sodium']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to analyse causes of impaired @entity174 and to present options of their management. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of the data on complications prospectively collected between 2008 and 2013. The @entity1 admitted for primary treatment at the @entity130 Centre of the Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove from January 2008 to December 2013 included 1186 @entity1 with @entity130 ( @entity130 ) > 15 and 1340 @entity1 with new @entity130 (NISS) >15, all older than 16 years. With the exception of two @entity1 , the primary treatment involved the application of an external fixator as part of damage control surgery. Definitive surgery, regardless of the site of @entity174 , was performed using unreamed femoral nails (UFN) in 51, distal femoral nails (DFN) in 33, plates in 26, long proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA-long) in 14 and nails combined with dynamic hip screw (DHS) plates in five @entity174 . The analysis revealed both mechanical and biological causes of poor bone healing. RESULTS Of the 124 @entity1 whose @entity1230 included a @entity174 of the femur, 11 died within 24 hours in spite of intensive resuscitation. In the remaining 113 @entity1 there were 16 bilateral @entity174 , 20 @entity174 of the proximal femur (extraarticular), 72 @entity174 and 26 @entity174 . Nine @entity1 sustained segmental femoral shaft @entity174 . Ten diaphyseal and 14 distal femur @entity130 were @entity4422 (13.5% and 54%, respectively). @entity1516 developed in a total of 12 @entity174 (9.3%); six (7.2%) were diaphyseal @entity174 , of which three were @entity4422 , and six (21.4%) were @entity174 with two initially open @entity130 . All proximal femur @entity174 healed completely. DISCUSSION The frequency of non-union femoral diaphyseal @entity174 in our @entity1 treated by unreamed intra-medullary nailing is in agreement with the literature data. The frequency of non-union @entity174 in our group was slightly higher than is published in the literature. This can be accounted for by the characteristics of our group consisting of @entity1 with multiple severe @entity130 in whom @entity174 are due to high-energy @entity130 ; the overall severity of @entity130 negatively affects the biological potential of a @entity1 organism for bone healing. CONCLUSIONS A successful outcome of @entity3330 repair is based on an understanding of the biomechanical principle, i.e., correct @entity174 reduction and stable osteosynthesis fitting the morphology of the @entity174 . @entity3330 heal well with the use of a narrow long nail whose working length allows for even distribution of movement at a @entity174 line amongst the fragments and thus @entity174 motion load does not exceed 20%. On the other hand, short oblique and transverse @entity174 are examples of problematic @entity174 which require maximum possible stability provided by a thick nail with a short working length; this is achieved by reaming the medullary cavity or adding lag screws. In our group of @entity1 these @entity174 were also the most problematic ones. Generally, nailing remains the golden standard in the management of @entity3330 . Key words: @entity1230 , @entity3330 , surgical treatment, @entity73 .

title: [ @entity73 after Surgery for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'bone healing in femoral fractures', 'fracture', 'distal femur fractures', 'diaphyseal femur fractures']

entities_list: @entity4422 :: ('MESH:D005597', 'Disease') :: ['initially open fractures', 'open fractures']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired healing']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple trauma', 'multiple injuries']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['femoral fractures', 'femoral fracture', 'Comminuted femoral fractures']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'injury severity scores', 'trauma', 'injuries', 'ISS']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['Pseudarthrosis']

answer: @entity3330 :: (MESH:D005264,Disease) :: ['Femoral Fractures']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to analyse causes of impaired @entity174 and to present options of their management. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of the data on complications prospectively collected between 2008 and 2013. The @entity1 admitted for primary treatment at the @entity130 Centre of the Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove from January 2008 to December 2013 included 1186 @entity1 with @entity130 ( @entity130 ) > 15 and 1340 @entity1 with new @entity130 (NISS) >15, all older than 16 years. With the exception of two @entity1 , the primary treatment involved the application of an external fixator as part of damage control surgery. Definitive surgery, regardless of the site of @entity174 , was performed using unreamed femoral nails (UFN) in 51, distal femoral nails (DFN) in 33, plates in 26, long proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA-long) in 14 and nails combined with dynamic hip screw (DHS) plates in five @entity174 . The analysis revealed both mechanical and biological causes of poor bone healing. RESULTS Of the 124 @entity1 whose @entity1230 included a @entity174 of the femur, 11 died within 24 hours in spite of intensive resuscitation. In the remaining 113 @entity1 there were 16 bilateral @entity174 , 20 @entity174 of the proximal femur (extraarticular), 72 @entity174 and 26 @entity174 . Nine @entity1 sustained segmental femoral shaft @entity174 . Ten diaphyseal and 14 distal femur @entity130 were @entity4422 (13.5% and 54%, respectively). @entity1516 developed in a total of 12 @entity174 (9.3%); six (7.2%) were diaphyseal @entity174 , of which three were @entity4422 , and six (21.4%) were @entity174 with two initially open @entity130 . All proximal femur @entity174 healed completely. DISCUSSION The frequency of non-union femoral diaphyseal @entity174 in our @entity1 treated by unreamed intra-medullary nailing is in agreement with the literature data. The frequency of non-union @entity174 in our group was slightly higher than is published in the literature. This can be accounted for by the characteristics of our group consisting of @entity1 with multiple severe @entity130 in whom @entity174 are due to high-energy @entity130 ; the overall severity of @entity130 negatively affects the biological potential of a @entity1 organism for bone healing. CONCLUSIONS A successful outcome of @entity3330 repair is based on an understanding of the biomechanical principle, i.e., correct @entity174 reduction and stable osteosynthesis fitting the morphology of the @entity174 . @entity3330 heal well with the use of a narrow long nail whose working length allows for even distribution of movement at a @entity174 line amongst the fragments and thus @entity174 motion load does not exceed 20%. On the other hand, short oblique and transverse @entity174 are examples of problematic @entity174 which require maximum possible stability provided by a thick nail with a short working length; this is achieved by reaming the medullary cavity or adding lag screws. In our group of @entity1 these @entity174 were also the most problematic ones. Generally, nailing remains the golden standard in the management of @entity3330 . Key words: @entity1230 , @entity3330 , surgical treatment, @entity73 .

title: [ XXXX after Surgery for @entity3330 ].

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Impaired Healing']


abstract: In 1982, we developed a new @entity772 scale, the Glasgow-Li  ge Scale (GLS), which combines the Glasgow @entity772 scale (GCS) with the quantified analysis of five brain stem reflexes. After severe @entity542 , the two most important parameters for determining the degree of encephalic disturbances are motor responses (M) and brain stem reflexes (R). The object of this study was to further evaluate the prognosis ability of M and R on admission and during the first month after injury. The study is based on 141 @entity1 . The highest score, during the first day, was less than or equal to 7 on the GCS and 12 on the GLS. Using a multiple group logistic discriminant analysis, we confirmed that, in the first 24 hours, the study of brain stem reflexes appears to be the one factor with the best prognostic ability. We also showed that the prognostic value of certain signs is optimal for a limited period. If, within the two variables M and R, recovery follows an identical pattern whatever the final outcome may be, the restructing speed differs for each outcome. M follows an exponential curve spread over a long period explaining its importance in the course of time. On the other hand, R follows a linear model with straight lines more or less parallel for each outcome. R evolves over a short period of time. These clinical findings give us the opportunity to discuss the physio-pathology of @entity542 .

title: The Glasgow-Li  ge Scale. Prognostic value and evolution of motor response and brain stem reflexes after severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: Massive @entity360 sometimes occurs in @entity30 . To examine the possible role of acquired disorders of hemostasis contributing to such events, several laboratory indicators of hemostasis (APT time, Normotest, platelet count, @entity548 time, @entity2002 , factor VIII activity, vWF:Ag, factor X, factor XIII, antithrombin III, fibrinopeptide A, and B beta(15-42] were studied in 10 @entity1 with active @entity30 ( @entity30 activity index (CDAI) greater than 150) and 10 @entity1 with quiescent disease (CDAI less than 150). Marked @entity1148 was seen in three @entity1 with active disease. Factor VIII activity and @entity2002 levels were significantly elevated in @entity1 with @entity30 (p less than 0.001), and the factor VIII activity levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in the @entity1 with active disease than in those with quiescent disease. Factor XIII levels were significantly lower (p less than 0.02) in @entity1 with active disease. Three of the @entity1 with active disease had factor XIII levels below the lower reference limit. The two @entity1 with the lowest levels had @entity548 @entity294 and spontaneous @entity548 from the rectal mucosa. Fibrinopeptide A and B beta(15-42) levels were significantly elevated in both groups. The other coagulation analyses were essentially normal in both @entity1 groups. The results suggest that @entity19434 acquired through @entity344 may contribute to @entity360 in some @entity1 with active @entity30 .

title: Hemostasis in XXXX : low factor XIII levels in active disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1148 :: ('MESH:D013922', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal leakage']

entities_list: @entity19434 :: ('MESH:D005177', 'Disease') :: ['factor XIII deficiency']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal hemorrhage']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: The role of the @entity1 in the etiology of recurrent @entity365 was examined in three @entity1 who reported an association between coitus and the initiation of clinical symptoms. The @entity1 ' disorders consisted of vaginal @entity111 , burning, a white discharge, and painful coitus. Vaginal pH in each case was 4.5. Microscopic examination of wet mounts of vaginal secretion had no clue cells and no organisms other than lactobacillus. One culture was positive for @entity5132 ; however, successful treatment of the @entity5132 @entity365 did not eliminate the @entity1 's symptoms. Semen samples from the @entity1 ' partners were negative for @entity5132 . One of the seminal fluids had highly elevated concentrations of total IgE. The other two semen samples contained IgE antibodies that were reactive with a particulate fraction of vaginal fluids obtained from their wives. In contrast, vaginal fluids from the @entity1 were all negative for IgE antibodies to their partner's semen. Use of a condom during coitus ended the recurring cycles of @entity365 in all three @entity1 . @entity365 may be induced by an @entity56 initiated by the transfer from @entity1 to @entity1 during coitus of IgE antibodies reactive either to antigens of the female genital tract or components of semen. @entity1 allergic to female vaginal secretions, to vaginal microbes or their products, or to semen represent a previously unrecognized noninfectious vector for this disorder.

title: Recurrent XXXX as a result of sexual transmission of IgE antibodies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Men', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans', 'C. albicans']

entities_list: @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reaction']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['Vaginitis', 'vaginitis']

answer: @entity365 :: (MESH:D014627,Disease) :: ['vaginitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, there exists considerable clinical uncertainty regarding the role of radiologic imaging in the staging and management of high-risk @entity957 (hrSCC). OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to investigate the clinical and pathologic features predictive of bony invasion, perineural invasion, or @entity3329 in @entity1 that had undergone head and neck imaging for hrSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors conducted a single-center retrospective chart review of @entity1 (n = 82) that had undergone head and neck imaging for hrSCC. RESULTS: Twenty-nine percent (24/82) of @entity1 in the study had positive findings on radiologic imaging. Immunocompromised @entity1 were more likely to have the radiologic finding of @entity3329 (p = .04). @entity5 size was found to correlate with the radiologic finding of bony invasion (correlation coefficient = 0.40, p = .0002). There was no relationship between either high risk location or high risk histopathology and positive radiologic findings. The low number of @entity1 and its retrospective nature are study limitations. CONCLUSION: The clinical features of host immunosuppression and @entity5 size are predictive of positive imaging findings in hrSCC. The decision to perform radiologic imaging in @entity1 with hrSCC may be influenced by these factors, but continue to be more firmly guided by physical exam and clinical suspicion.

title: Clinical and Pathologic Factors Predictive of Positive Radiologic Findings in High-Risk XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 with @entity2175 are at increased risk of @entity73 . The retinal and renal complications of @entity6 follow microvascular damage permitting small arterioles to leak, hence the @entity75 might also follow loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Magnetic resonance (MR) brain imaging with intravenous @entity2287 (Gd) diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ( @entity7241 ) was used to identify increased BBB permeability. METHODS: Ten well controlled type II @entity6 @entity1 aged 65-70 years and 10 controls underwent MR brain imaging with fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR); T1 weighted (T1W) volumetric imaging before; and T1W volumetric imaging at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minutes after intravenous @entity7241 . The T1W image before @entity7241 was subtracted from the images at each time point after @entity7241 . Net signal intensity was plotted against time for different brain regions. @entity62 were scored from the FLAIR image. RESULTS: The signal intensity/time curves showed that brain signal intensity increased more in the @entity6 group than controls during the first 15 minutes after @entity7241 , particularly in the basal ganglia (p=0.018). Signal intensity in controls peaked at five minutes and @entity6 at 15 minutes. Subjects with more @entity62 had greater signal increase after @entity7241 , whether @entity6 or not (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Increased BBB permeability with MR imaging was detected in @entity1 with @entity62 . Increased permeability of the BBB might account for some of the cerebral effects of @entity2175 , and so possibly also for the effect of other conditions that affect the microvasculature (like @entity101 ), on the brain.

title: Increased blood-brain barrier permeability in @entity2175 demonstrated by XXXX magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type II diabetes']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral damage']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter hyperintensities', 'type II diabetes or white matter hyperintensities', 'White matter hyperintensities']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity2287 :: (MESH:D005682,Chemical) :: ['gadolinium']