abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 -related @entity1066 located at the plantar aspect of the @entity18415 interphalangeal joint are often chronic or recurrent and frequently become complicated by @entity4034 . Once infected, treatment will typically involve @entity18415 amputation. Although intended as a definitive procedure, amputation of the first toe is not desirable from a cosmetic or functional standpoint and often leads to transfer @entity1066 at adjacent locations of the foot. Reconstructive wound surgery, combined with limited bone resection, is possible if the @entity281 is caught early before the local tissue and bone have become @entity39 . In addition to @entity16 , biomechanical issues, including ankle equinus, @entity18415 limitus, @entity18415 extensus, and @entity4553 , predispose @entity1 with @entity6 to developing @entity1411 . We commonly employ a proximal based unilobed plantar rotational @entity1912 combined with @entity18415 interphalangeal joint arthroplasty as an alternative to @entity18415 amputation. We present a typical case with long-term follow-up to highlight our @entity1912 protocol, including @entity1 selection criteria, @entity1912 design, surgical technique, bone resection and biopsy pearls, staging timeline, and a typical postoperative course. Periodic follow-up during the next 72  months for unrelated conditions allowed long-term monitoring with no recurrence of @entity4034 or subsequent amputation. The foot remained @entity1066 free 6 years later. The benefits of this surgical approach include complete excision of the @entity1066 , adequate exposure for bone resection, early bone biopsy before the spread of @entity281 or @entity39 of local tissue, @entity1912 coverage with viable soft tissue, and partial offloading of mechanical pressure at the plantar interphalangeal joint.

title: Unilobed Rotational @entity1912 for Plantar Hallux Interphalangeal Joint Ulceration Complicated by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'neuropathic ulcers', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity4553 :: ('MESH:D006215', 'Disease') :: ['hallux valgus']

entities_list: @entity1411 :: ('MESH:D016523', 'Disease') :: ['plantar hallux ulcers']

answer: @entity4034 :: (MESH:D010019,Disease) :: ['Osteomyelitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 -related @entity1066 located at the plantar aspect of the @entity18415 interphalangeal joint are often chronic or recurrent and frequently become complicated by @entity4034 . Once infected, treatment will typically involve @entity18415 amputation. Although intended as a definitive procedure, amputation of the first toe is not desirable from a cosmetic or functional standpoint and often leads to transfer @entity1066 at adjacent locations of the foot. Reconstructive wound surgery, combined with limited bone resection, is possible if the @entity281 is caught early before the local tissue and bone have become @entity39 . In addition to @entity16 , biomechanical issues, including ankle equinus, @entity18415 limitus, @entity18415 extensus, and @entity4553 , predispose @entity1 with @entity6 to developing @entity1411 . We commonly employ a proximal based unilobed plantar rotational @entity1912 combined with @entity18415 interphalangeal joint arthroplasty as an alternative to @entity18415 amputation. We present a typical case with long-term follow-up to highlight our @entity1912 protocol, including @entity1 selection criteria, @entity1912 design, surgical technique, bone resection and biopsy pearls, staging timeline, and a typical postoperative course. Periodic follow-up during the next 72  months for unrelated conditions allowed long-term monitoring with no recurrence of @entity4034 or subsequent amputation. The foot remained @entity1066 free 6 years later. The benefits of this surgical approach include complete excision of the @entity1066 , adequate exposure for bone resection, early bone biopsy before the spread of @entity281 or @entity39 of local tissue, @entity1912 coverage with viable soft tissue, and partial offloading of mechanical pressure at the plantar interphalangeal joint.

title: Unilobed Rotational XXXX for Plantar Hallux Interphalangeal Joint Ulceration Complicated by @entity4034 .

answer: @entity1912 :: (241,Gene) :: ['Flap']


abstract: A case of successful treatment of antibiotic-associated @entity8307 with oral @entity868 is reported. A 67-year-old @entity1 developed @entity294 shortly after a 10-day course of oral @entity869 . His @entity294 , consisting of 10 to 12 loose stools a day, had continued for approximately two weeks and was accompanied with abdominal cramping, @entity221 , @entity448 , and @entity353 . Stool specimen was streaked with blood. Proctoscopic examination revealed a spotty mucous exudate. Rectal biopsy analysis was consistent with @entity8307 . @entity868 was initiated at a dose of 500 mg orally three times daily and continued for 10 days. By the third day, the @entity1 was having one bowel movement daily. Proctoscopic examination after 10 days of therapy showed marked improvement with no evidence of pseudomembranous exudate. One month later the @entity1 remained symptom-free.

title: Treatment of antibiotic-associated XXXX with @entity868 .

entities_list: @entity868 :: ('MESH:D008795', 'Chemical') :: ['metronidazole', 'Metronidazole']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity8307 :: ('MESH:D004761', 'Disease') :: ['pseudomembranous colitis']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

answer: @entity8307 :: (MESH:D004761,Disease) :: ['pseudomembranous colitis']


abstract: A case of successful treatment of antibiotic-associated @entity8307 with oral @entity868 is reported. A 67-year-old @entity1 developed @entity294 shortly after a 10-day course of oral @entity869 . His @entity294 , consisting of 10 to 12 loose stools a day, had continued for approximately two weeks and was accompanied with abdominal cramping, @entity221 , @entity448 , and @entity353 . Stool specimen was streaked with blood. Proctoscopic examination revealed a spotty mucous exudate. Rectal biopsy analysis was consistent with @entity8307 . @entity868 was initiated at a dose of 500 mg orally three times daily and continued for 10 days. By the third day, the @entity1 was having one bowel movement daily. Proctoscopic examination after 10 days of therapy showed marked improvement with no evidence of pseudomembranous exudate. One month later the @entity1 remained symptom-free.

title: Treatment of antibiotic-associated @entity8307 with XXXX .

answer: @entity868 :: (MESH:D008795,Chemical) :: ['metronidazole']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a CAMBRA based therapeutic and preventive model for high caries risk @entity1 in a pediatric dentistry clinic set-up. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 100 systemically healthy @entity1 aged 4-8 years with dmft/DMFT >= 5 and/or  <=20% magnitude of cariogram sector 'chance to avoid new cavities' were enrolled. The program comprised of following components i.e. caries risk assessment, customized preventive interventions (Motivational interviewing and counseling, oral prophylaxis, @entity1388 varnish, fissure sealants) and restorative procedures. The recall intervals were scheduled on the basis of caries risk i.e. every 1 month ( <=40% chance to avoid new cavities) and 3 months (>= 41% chance to avoid new cavities). The primary outcome measure was 'new @entity1547 ' at 12 months following achievement of 'termination levels' i.e. >= 41% magnitude of 'chance to avoid new cavities.' The secondary outcome measures were changes in cariogram parameters at termination and duration needed to achieve termination levels. RESULTS: The program showed 97% success rate as 3/100 subjects developed new @entity1547 at 12 months follow up. Highly significant (p<0.001) favorable shift was achieved in cariogram parameters at termination. Termination levels were achieved in 2.71  4.854 months. CONCLUSIONS: The present CAMBRA based program with customized intervention and recall schedules showed favorable results.

title: A CAMBRA Model For High Caries Risk Indian XXXX : A Pragmatic Comprehensive Tailored Intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['carious lesions']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to define the relationship in @entity325 (in adult male C57BL/6 @entity19 ) between @entity299 and the appearance in plasma of extracellular histones. Procedures included induction of @entity295 by cecal ligation and puncture and measurement of heart function using echocardiogram/Doppler parameters. We assessed the ability of histones to cause disequilibrium in the redox status and intracellular [ @entity141 ]i levels in cardiomyocytes (CMs) (from @entity19 and @entity35 ). We also studied the ability of histones to disturb both functional and electrical responses of hearts perfused with histones. Main findings revealed that extracellular histones appearing in septic plasma required C5a receptors, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and the @entity6198 ( @entity6198 ) inflammasome. In vitro exposure of CMs to histones caused loss of homeostasis of the redox system and in [ @entity141 ]i, as well as defects in mitochondrial function. Perfusion of hearts with histones caused @entity409 . Finally, in vivo neutralization of histones in septic @entity19 markedly reduced the parameters of @entity299 . Histones caused dysfunction in hearts during @entity325 . These events could be attenuated by histone neutralization, suggesting that histones may be targets in the setting of @entity295 to reduce @entity299 .

title: Role of extracellular histones in the cardiomyopathy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['electrical and functional dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['polymicrobial sepsis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart dysfunction', 'cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity6198 :: ('216799(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['NLRP3', 'Nacht-, LRR-, and PYD-domains-containing protein 3']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity296 , @entity1455 or @entity4 are well recognised complications of scorpion sting envenomation occurring in about 1-3% of @entity1 . Current treatment recommendations include afterload reduction using @entity3159 and improving cardiac contractility with inotropes like @entity452 . We report the use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) as rescue therapy in a @entity1 with refractory @entity1455 due to Mesobuthus tamulus (Indian red scorpion) envenomation. CASE: A 32-year-old @entity1 was referred 24 h after a scorpion sting. At presentation she was ventilated and in @entity1457 (systolic blood pressure   <50   mmHg). After admission, the @entity1 had four cardiac arrests (three episodes of @entity12040 ventricular @entity591 / @entity2224 and one episode of @entity1167 ) over the next few hours. Following resuscitation, despite a combination of @entity452 , @entity1063 , and @entity1425 , blood pressure did not improve significantly. In view of persistent @entity591 (heart rate 160/min), @entity5733 storm was suspected and @entity3159 was added. However, shock was refractory. Hence, IABP was considered as rescue therapy. Following initiation of IABP, there was improvement in cardiac function (improved ejection fraction) which translated to weaning of inotropes over 48 h and improved organ function (renal, respiratory) in the next 2-3 d. However, following extubation, on Day 8, she was noted to have features of @entity1545 . This improved gradually. At discharge (Day 30) she was independent for activities of daily living and was able to mobilise without support. CONCLUSION: IABP could be generally considered as a rescue therapy in refractory @entity1455 in envenomations.

title: Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) rescue therapy for refractory XXXX due to scorpion sting envenomation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity5733 :: ('D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['acute pulmonary oedema']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory shock']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity1455 :: (MESH:D012770,Disease) :: ['cardiogenic shock']


abstract: In a recently published report from the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, around 20% of clinical practice which encompasses blood science investigations is considered wasteful. Blood tests including liver function tests (LFTs), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), coagulation screens, and international normalising ratios (INR) are frequently requested for @entity1 who undergo emergency hospital admission. The paucity of guidance available for blood requesting in acute @entity130 and orthopaedic admissions can lead to inappropriate requesting practices and over investigation. Acute admissions over a period of one month were audited retrospectively for the frequency and clinical indications of requests for LFTs, coagulation screens/INR, and @entity1851 . The total number of blood tests requested for the duration of the @entity1 's admission was recorded. Initial auditing of 216 admissions in January 2014 demonstrated a striking amount of over-investigation. Clinical guidelines were developed with multidisciplinary expert input and implemented within the department. Re-audit of 233 admissions was carried out in September 2014. Total no. of LFTs requested: January 895, September 336 (-62.5%); coagulation screens/INR requested: January 307, September 210 (-31.6%); CRPs requested: January 894, September 317 (-64.5%). No. of blood requests per @entity1 : January (M=4.81, SD 4.75), September (M=3.60, SD=4.70). Approximate combined total cost of LFT, coagulation/INR, @entity1851 in January   2674.14 and September   1236.19 (-  1437.95, -53.77%). A large decrease was observed in admission requesting and subsequent monitoring (p<0.01) following the implementation. This both significantly reduced cost and venepuncture rates.

title: Blood tests: One too many? Evaluating blood requesting guidance developed for acute @entity1 admitted to XXXX and orthopaedic units.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: In a recently published report from the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, around 20% of clinical practice which encompasses blood science investigations is considered wasteful. Blood tests including liver function tests (LFTs), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), coagulation screens, and international normalising ratios (INR) are frequently requested for @entity1 who undergo emergency hospital admission. The paucity of guidance available for blood requesting in acute @entity130 and orthopaedic admissions can lead to inappropriate requesting practices and over investigation. Acute admissions over a period of one month were audited retrospectively for the frequency and clinical indications of requests for LFTs, coagulation screens/INR, and @entity1851 . The total number of blood tests requested for the duration of the @entity1 's admission was recorded. Initial auditing of 216 admissions in January 2014 demonstrated a striking amount of over-investigation. Clinical guidelines were developed with multidisciplinary expert input and implemented within the department. Re-audit of 233 admissions was carried out in September 2014. Total no. of LFTs requested: January 895, September 336 (-62.5%); coagulation screens/INR requested: January 307, September 210 (-31.6%); CRPs requested: January 894, September 317 (-64.5%). No. of blood requests per @entity1 : January (M=4.81, SD 4.75), September (M=3.60, SD=4.70). Approximate combined total cost of LFT, coagulation/INR, @entity1851 in January   2674.14 and September   1236.19 (-  1437.95, -53.77%). A large decrease was observed in admission requesting and subsequent monitoring (p<0.01) following the implementation. This both significantly reduced cost and venepuncture rates.

title: Blood tests: One too many? Evaluating blood requesting guidance developed for acute XXXX admitted to @entity130 and orthopaedic units.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) is correlated with the CURB-65 (Confusion, Urea, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, >65 years of age) score, and whether a combination of the CURB-65 score with @entity6688 could better predict the 28-day mortality in @entity1 with @entity497 ( @entity497 ). METHODS: This prospective, observational, single-center, and cross-sectional study was conducted at emergency department (ED) between September 1, 2013, and July 31, 2014. All @entity1 underwent follow-up evaluations 28 days after admission. The end point was defined as all-cause mortality. RESULTS: A total of 174 @entity1 (mean age, 66.7    15.8 years; 66.1% @entity1 ) with @entity497 were enrolled in this study. All-cause mortality at the 28-day follow-up evaluation was 16.1%. A significant and inverse correlation between @entity6688 and CURB-65 score was found (R = -.58, P < .001). We determined that the optimal @entity6688 cutoff for predicting 28-day mortality at the time of ED admission was 8.55 fL, with a 75.0% sensitivity and a 75.3% specificity. For the prediction of 28-day mortality, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.819 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.740-0.898; P < .001) when the CURB-65 score was used alone, whereas it increased to 0.895 (95% CI, 0.819-0.936; P < .001) with the addition of @entity6688 to the score. CONCLUSIONS: Mean platelet volume level is valuable for predicting mortality and the severity of disease among @entity1 with @entity497 at ED admission. Furthermore, a combination of CURB-65 score and @entity6688 can enhance the predictive accuracy of 28-day mortality.

title: Combination of mean platelet volume and the CURB-65 score better predicts 28-day mortality in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CAP', 'community-acquired pneumonia']

answer: @entity497 :: (MESH:D003147,Disease) :: ['community-acquired pneumonia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether mean platelet volume ( @entity6688 ) is correlated with the CURB-65 (Confusion, Urea, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, >65 years of age) score, and whether a combination of the CURB-65 score with @entity6688 could better predict the 28-day mortality in @entity1 with @entity497 ( @entity497 ). METHODS: This prospective, observational, single-center, and cross-sectional study was conducted at emergency department (ED) between September 1, 2013, and July 31, 2014. All @entity1 underwent follow-up evaluations 28 days after admission. The end point was defined as all-cause mortality. RESULTS: A total of 174 @entity1 (mean age, 66.7    15.8 years; 66.1% @entity1 ) with @entity497 were enrolled in this study. All-cause mortality at the 28-day follow-up evaluation was 16.1%. A significant and inverse correlation between @entity6688 and CURB-65 score was found (R = -.58, P < .001). We determined that the optimal @entity6688 cutoff for predicting 28-day mortality at the time of ED admission was 8.55 fL, with a 75.0% sensitivity and a 75.3% specificity. For the prediction of 28-day mortality, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.819 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.740-0.898; P < .001) when the CURB-65 score was used alone, whereas it increased to 0.895 (95% CI, 0.819-0.936; P < .001) with the addition of @entity6688 to the score. CONCLUSIONS: Mean platelet volume level is valuable for predicting mortality and the severity of disease among @entity1 with @entity497 at ED admission. Furthermore, a combination of CURB-65 score and @entity6688 can enhance the predictive accuracy of 28-day mortality.

title: Combination of mean platelet volume and the CURB-65 score better predicts 28-day mortality in XXXX with @entity497 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common and widely accepted technique, the use of prophylactic antibiotics in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy still remains controversial. The aim of this study is to determine whether prophylactic antibiotics could prevent @entity281 after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy and to identify any risk factors for @entity281 . METHODS: This study included 471 @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy between January 2009 and May 2012. Period 1 @entity1 (279) received second generation @entity8509 1 g intravenously after induction of anesthesia, and @entity5394 @entity1 (192) were not given prophylactic antibiotics. The characteristics and surgical site infections of the @entity1 were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The overall rate of @entity281 was 1.69% for the total of 471 @entity1 . The incidence of @entity281 was similar for the two Periods: 5 of 279 @entity1 (1.79%) in Period 1, 3 of 192 @entity1 (1.56%) in @entity5394 (p=0.973). All of the @entity1 with surgical site infections were well treated under conservative treatments without any sequelae. The preoperative albumin level (p=0.023) contributed to @entity281 . CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic antibiotics are not necessary for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy but @entity1 in poor nutritional state with low albumin level should consider prophylactic antibiotics.

title: The role of prophylactic antibiotics on XXXX in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['surgical site infection']

entities_list: @entity8509 :: ('D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['surgical site infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is popularly known as lauki, ghia or dudhi in India. Its consumption is advocated by traditional medicine healers for controlling @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity409 , @entity353 . However, in last few years there have been reports of suspected @entity137 due to consumption of its juice leading to severe @entity391 and upper @entity360 . As emergency physicians we need to be aware of this very rare @entity4968 specially in India. METHODS: We present a case of a 52-year-old @entity1 who presented with multiple episodes of @entity6552 and shock to the emergency department (ED) after consuming bottle gourd juice. The @entity1 was resuscitated and stabilized with fluids, proton pump inhibitors and antiemetics and shifted to the intensive care unit (ICU) under the care of a gastroenterology team for urgent endoscopy and further management. RESULTS: The @entity1 received intravenous fluids, antibiotics, antiemetics, and antacids and underwent upper gastroenterologic endoscopy during the hospitalization. She was discharged in a stable condition 4 days later. CONCLUSIONS: As a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, bottle gourd contains toxic @entity71527 compounds called cucurbitacins which are responsible for the bitter taste and @entity137 . There is no known antidote for this @entity137 , and clinicians treat such @entity1 symptomatically only. It is important to educate the public about the harmful effects of this potentially life-threatening @entity137 .

title: Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) juice XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss and other diseases']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity6552 :: ('MESH:D006396', 'Disease') :: ['hematemesis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity71527 :: ('CHEBI:26893', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracyclic triterpenoid']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity4968 :: (MESH:D011041,Disease) :: ['poisoning']


abstract: PURPOSE: Asthmatics are adversely affected by the presence of air pollutants, the concentrations of which can nowadays be measured. However, the utility of this information in clinical practice has not been defined in a group of @entity748 in stable condition. Our objective was to determine what impact the level of air pollutants had on the control of their @entity565 and the degree of @entity32 . METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study of adult @entity748 in stable condition. From the regional environmental authority, we obtained the concentrations of ambient nitric oxide (NO2), ozone (O3), suspended particulate matter up to 10 micrometers in diameter (PM10) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) at fixed geographical points. Disease control was assessed using @entity565 control test (ACT) scores, and @entity32 using fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) values. Correlation and linear regression studies were performed using ACT scores as the dependent variable. RESULTS: The study included 99 @entity748 , aged 39  years (SD 8), 55  % @entity1 . Mean ACT value was 17.2 (SD 6.5), and FeNO 33.7 (SD 16). Of the pollutants studied, only NO2 was correlated with ACT scores (CC  =  0.45, p  <  0.001). We found no relationship between pollutants and @entity32 . Multivariate analysis showed that ACT score was predicted by ambient air NO2 concentration and, to a lesser extent, mean FeNO. CONCLUSIONS: Information on the concentration of ambient NO2 in our environment can help the clinician to interpret the evolution of @entity748 @entity1 .

title: Impact of Environmental Air Pollutants on Disease Control in Asmathic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic', 'asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['airway inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: A previously fit and well 57-year-old gentleman who had recently undergone a colonoscopy and biopsy of a polyp presented with a 4-day history of progressive @entity1353 and abdominal discomfort. The day after admission, he became haemodynamically unstable, developed ischaemic legs and suffered a brief @entity1167 . Blood tests demonstrated a @entity1003 and hypoglycaemia. Continued haemodynamic instability post-arrest and clinical findings of high right-sided heart pressures were investigated by bedside screening echocardiogram. This demonstrated a massive @entity2294 causing tamponade of the right ventricle. Heavily blood stained pericardial fluid was drained, with marked improvement in haemodynamic stability. Retrospective review of the admission-electrocardiogram (ECG) and chest X-ray demonstrated electrical alternans and @entity299 . The differential diagnosis included @entity5 causing a haemorrhagic metastatic @entity2294 and a @entity1580 . Therefore a computerised tomography (CT) scan of chest, abdomen, pelvis and aorta was performed. This was negative for disseminated @entity5 and showed a @entity1580 , but was inconclusive for a @entity1580 . A subsequent transoesophageal echocardiogram confirmed the diagnosis of type B dissection and ruled out a type A dissection. The histology of the @entity1586 was negative for @entity5 , but it was subsequently discovered that the @entity1 had @entity420 from a primary @entity2 diagnosed from pleural fluid cytology. With hindsight the presenting clinical picture was of @entity1580 with concurrent but not directly related pericardial tamponade. LEARNING POINTS: Basic echocardiography skills are increasingly being used acutely by physicians' as part of resuscitative care in intensive care unit (ICU) @entity1 .The availability of expert skills in transoesophageal echocardiography are essential in ICU, as demonstrated in this case, where it was needed for discriminating between sub types of @entity1580 . @entity2293 is a clinical diagnosis, although the presence of electrical alternans on an ECG with associated @entity591 is highly suggestive of @entity2293 .

title: Diagnostic echocardiography in an unstable intensive care XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac tamponade', 'cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathlessness']

entities_list: @entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial effusion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['bowel malignancy', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac enlargement']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['type B aortic dissection', 'aortic dissection', 'type A aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colonic polyp']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: In @entity189 of the urinary bladder we regard a humpy contour of the outer wall of the bladder as a transmural growth of the @entity5 , i.e. stage T4. A retraction of the wall or a plateau phenomenon was assigned to an intramural infiltration (stage T2 or T3). Contrary to the caudal lymphography in several cases changes in the nodes of the iliaca interna-group could be proved. The computer tomography seems to prove in such cases, in which the arteriography of the urinary bladder could not fulfil the expectations (9, 10). The results illustrate that by means of the methods chosen by us a delimitation of early invasive form paravesically growing vesical @entity5 is possible (12, 17, 18). In the classification of the @entity263 tomography does not give more essential informations in comparison to the rectal palpation, the vesiculography and the lymphography. The distinction of a normal prostate from the benign or malignant @entity5 tissue is not successful, since there are no specific differences in density. Particularly the @entity5 infiltration into the seminal vesicles could not be established early enough (7, 13). In the estimation of regional settlements of lymphatic nodes the statements are above all based on controls of the course, only a few cases could be ascertained histologically. In these cases it is necessary to keep in mind that in the computer tomography only lymphatic nodes from a diameter of 1.5-2 cm are recognizable. Since the computer tomography is a non-invasive method, it can be used for the pre- and postoperative diagnostics as well for controls of the course in @entity5 diseases of the lower urinary tract (2, 8, 20). However, no evidence can be made on the dignity of the spacial demands.

title: [Value of computer tomography in the staging of bladder and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the prostate the computer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostatic cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 is the leading cause of @entity204 by @entity5 and @entity82 is the fourteenth, all causes included. Surgery increases postoperative risks in cirrhotic @entity1 . Our purpose was to analyze this point in @entity2 surgery. METHODS: We collected, among 7162 @entity1 , the data concerning those operated for @entity2 (n=6105) and compared @entity1 with @entity99 (n=448) to those presenting other @entity74 (n=2587). We analyzed cirrhotic @entity1 ' characteristics (n=49). RESULTS: Five-year survival of @entity1 with @entity99 was lower (n=5657/6105): 35.3% versus 43.8% for @entity1 with no @entity99 , P=0.0021. Survival of cirrhotic @entity1 was not statistically different from the one of @entity1 with other @entity99 , but none survived beyond 10 years (0% versus 26.4%). Surgery in cirrhotic @entity1 consisted in one explorative thoracotomy, three wedges resections, two segmentectomies, 33 lobectomies and 10 pneumonectomies. Postoperative mortality (8.2%; 4/49) was not different for @entity1 without @entity99 (4.2%; 239/5657) (P=0.32), as well as the rate of complications (40.8%; 20/49 and 24.8%; 1404/5657, P=0.11). Only one postoperative @entity204 was associated to a @entity1578 . Multivariate analysis pointed age, histological subtype of the @entity5 and stage of disease as independent prognosis factors. CONCLUSION: When @entity82 is well compensated, surgical resection of @entity2 can be performed with acceptable postoperative morbidity and satisfactory rates of survival. Progressive potential of this disease is worse after five years.

title: [ @entity2 surgery and XXXX .]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic disease', 'hepatic disorder']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['medical disorder']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 is the leading cause of @entity204 by @entity5 and @entity82 is the fourteenth, all causes included. Surgery increases postoperative risks in cirrhotic @entity1 . Our purpose was to analyze this point in @entity2 surgery. METHODS: We collected, among 7162 @entity1 , the data concerning those operated for @entity2 (n=6105) and compared @entity1 with @entity99 (n=448) to those presenting other @entity74 (n=2587). We analyzed cirrhotic @entity1 ' characteristics (n=49). RESULTS: Five-year survival of @entity1 with @entity99 was lower (n=5657/6105): 35.3% versus 43.8% for @entity1 with no @entity99 , P=0.0021. Survival of cirrhotic @entity1 was not statistically different from the one of @entity1 with other @entity99 , but none survived beyond 10 years (0% versus 26.4%). Surgery in cirrhotic @entity1 consisted in one explorative thoracotomy, three wedges resections, two segmentectomies, 33 lobectomies and 10 pneumonectomies. Postoperative mortality (8.2%; 4/49) was not different for @entity1 without @entity99 (4.2%; 239/5657) (P=0.32), as well as the rate of complications (40.8%; 20/49 and 24.8%; 1404/5657, P=0.11). Only one postoperative @entity204 was associated to a @entity1578 . Multivariate analysis pointed age, histological subtype of the @entity5 and stage of disease as independent prognosis factors. CONCLUSION: When @entity82 is well compensated, surgical resection of @entity2 can be performed with acceptable postoperative morbidity and satisfactory rates of survival. Progressive potential of this disease is worse after five years.

title: [ XXXX surgery and @entity82 .]

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung cancer']


abstract: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is the mainstay of the treatment in @entity50 , to re-establish the drainage of the affected sinus. The close proximity of the orbital structures to paranasal sinuses makes them vulnerable to inadvertent injury during the sinus surgery. Medial rectus (MR) muscle is the most commonly injured extraocular muscle during ESS due to its anatomic proximity to the thin medial wall of the orbit. This is a non-comparative, retrospective, interventional case series of six @entity1 presenting with @entity130 after ESS. We discuss the management, outcome and review the published literature. A  total  of six @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. The presenting complaints were @entity892 , squinting and limitation of ocular movements. Two @entity1 underwent surgical exploration of the MR muscle and reattachment of the muscle along with injection botulinum to the antagonist lateral rectus muscle. Two @entity1 who had small angle strabismus and who were able to fuse were advised orthoptic exercises and prisms as management. Remaining two @entity1 were advised surgical intervention to correct strabismus but they declined further surgical intervention. Management of @entity130 following ESS is complex, often resulting in suboptimal outcomes. Since early intervention is associated with better outcomes, early referral by otolaryngologists to ophthalmologists would result in better outcome.

title: XXXX to Medial Rectus After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['sinus disorders']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['MR injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Iatrogenic Injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 is a major health concern, affecting nearly 10% of the population. Here we describe a potential novel therapeutic agent for this disease, X-3, a derivative of @entity15791 . Therapeutic administration of X-3 significantly and dose-dependently reduced plasma @entity413 and @entity1674 in db/db @entity19 following 8 week-treatments. Treatment with X-3 dose-dependently increased the number of insulin-positive b-cell mass. Importantly, X-3 did not cause any @entity204 or signs of @entity137 in acute @entity137 studies. Study of mechanism of action revealed that X-3 increased @entity413 uptake in parallel with increased phosphorylation of @entity860 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) in 3T3-L1 cells. It activates AMPK in both @entity2448 -dependent and -independent manner. Furthermore, administration of X-3 resulted in activation of AMPK and its downstream target, @entity6625 carboxylase (ACC) in the hypothalamus, liver, muscle and adipose tissues of C57BL/6 @entity19 . An 80   mg/kg X-3 was more potent than @entity2449 at 500   mg/kg in the hypothalamus, and interscapular fat tissues, potent than MF at the same dose in the liver. Thus, we conclude that X-3 is a promising new class of AMPK activating drug, and can potentially be used in the treatment of type 2 @entity6 .

title: X-3, a @entity15791 derivative, stimulates XXXX -activated protein kinase and reduces hyperglycemia and obesity in db/db @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity15791 :: ('MESH:C013592', 'Chemical') :: ['mangiferin']

entities_list: @entity6625 :: ('MESH:D000105', 'Chemical') :: ['acetyl-CoA']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'Diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity860 :: (MESH:D000249,Chemical) :: ['AMP']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 is a major health concern, affecting nearly 10% of the population. Here we describe a potential novel therapeutic agent for this disease, X-3, a derivative of @entity15791 . Therapeutic administration of X-3 significantly and dose-dependently reduced plasma @entity413 and @entity1674 in db/db @entity19 following 8 week-treatments. Treatment with X-3 dose-dependently increased the number of insulin-positive b-cell mass. Importantly, X-3 did not cause any @entity204 or signs of @entity137 in acute @entity137 studies. Study of mechanism of action revealed that X-3 increased @entity413 uptake in parallel with increased phosphorylation of @entity860 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) in 3T3-L1 cells. It activates AMPK in both @entity2448 -dependent and -independent manner. Furthermore, administration of X-3 resulted in activation of AMPK and its downstream target, @entity6625 carboxylase (ACC) in the hypothalamus, liver, muscle and adipose tissues of C57BL/6 @entity19 . An 80   mg/kg X-3 was more potent than @entity2449 at 500   mg/kg in the hypothalamus, and interscapular fat tissues, potent than MF at the same dose in the liver. Thus, we conclude that X-3 is a promising new class of AMPK activating drug, and can potentially be used in the treatment of type 2 @entity6 .

title: X-3, a @entity15791 derivative, stimulates @entity860 -activated protein kinase and reduces hyperglycemia and obesity in db/db XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 is a major health concern, affecting nearly 10% of the population. Here we describe a potential novel therapeutic agent for this disease, X-3, a derivative of @entity15791 . Therapeutic administration of X-3 significantly and dose-dependently reduced plasma @entity413 and @entity1674 in db/db @entity19 following 8 week-treatments. Treatment with X-3 dose-dependently increased the number of insulin-positive b-cell mass. Importantly, X-3 did not cause any @entity204 or signs of @entity137 in acute @entity137 studies. Study of mechanism of action revealed that X-3 increased @entity413 uptake in parallel with increased phosphorylation of @entity860 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) in 3T3-L1 cells. It activates AMPK in both @entity2448 -dependent and -independent manner. Furthermore, administration of X-3 resulted in activation of AMPK and its downstream target, @entity6625 carboxylase (ACC) in the hypothalamus, liver, muscle and adipose tissues of C57BL/6 @entity19 . An 80   mg/kg X-3 was more potent than @entity2449 at 500   mg/kg in the hypothalamus, and interscapular fat tissues, potent than MF at the same dose in the liver. Thus, we conclude that X-3 is a promising new class of AMPK activating drug, and can potentially be used in the treatment of type 2 @entity6 .

title: X-3, a XXXX derivative, stimulates @entity860 -activated protein kinase and reduces hyperglycemia and obesity in db/db @entity19 .

answer: @entity15791 :: (MESH:C013592,Chemical) :: ['mangiferin']


abstract: The occurrence of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) in subjects younger than 35 years of age is the subject of this work. The aims were to evaluate the validity of the diagnosis and to study the long-term prognosis for these @entity1 . Through the central data register of all hospital discharges in the Uppsala hospital region (approximately 1.25 mill. inhabitants) 30 @entity1 histories were obtained. They were carefully evaluated and all survivors were invited to an examination at the Department of Cardiology. The follow-up period from the initial hospital stay was up to 11 years. The hospital mortality among 14 subjects with @entity583 and coronary atheromatosis was 29%, increasing to 43% in the follow-up period. Six of the seven investigated survivors in this group were symptom-free and full-time employed. @entity5522 , smoking and heredity for @entity741 seemed to be the most important risk factors among the 14 subjects in this group. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the validity of diagnoses obtained from central data register. In ten @entity1 the initial diagnosis had been incorrect.

title: XXXX in young subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity5522 :: ('MESH:D006951', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperlipoproteinemia']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial infarction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for hepatic nodules 20 mm or smaller detected during ultrasonographic (US) surveillance in @entity1 with @entity82 . Materials and Methods Between November 2003 and January 2010, @entity1 with @entity82 with a newly US-detected solitary hepatic nodule 20 mm or smaller were included in this institutional ethics committee-approved study. All @entity1 provided written informed consent before the study; the need to obtain consent for reanalysis of the data was waived. @entity1 underwent MR imaging and fine-needle biopsy (the reference standard). Nodules without pathologic confirmation were followed up with MR imaging every 6 months. A LI-RADS category was retrospectively assigned to nodules seen at MR imaging. The diagnostic accuracy for each LI-RADS category was described by sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values with 95% confidence intervals. Results Final diagnoses of 133 nodules in 159 @entity1 were as follows: 102 @entity157 ( @entity157 ), three @entity1419 ( @entity1419 ), one neuroendocrine @entity3 , and 27 benign lesions (median MR imaging follow-up, 95 months). None (0%) of five LI-RADS category 1 lesions, three (25%) of 12 category 2 lesions, 29 (69%) of 42 category 3 lesions, 24 (96%) of 25 category 4 lesions, and 44 (98%) of 45 category 5 lesions were @entity157 . One category 3 lesion was ICC, one category 5 lesion was a neuroendocrine @entity3 , and two (50%) of four lesions categorized as other @entity5 were @entity157 . In @entity1 with nodules detected at surveillance US, LI-RADS category 4 criteria were as effective as category 5 criteria for @entity157 diagnosis. Combining both categories would improve sensitivity without impairing specificity or positive or negative predictive value for @entity157 diagnosis (42.3%, 98.2%, 97.8%, and 47.4% vs 65.4%, 96.4%, 97.1%, and 59.6%, respectively). Conclusion In @entity1 with @entity82 with US-detected nodules 20 mm or smaller, both LI-RADS category 4 and category 5 have high specificity for @entity157 . In addition, a relevant proportion of lesions categorized as LI-RADS category 2 or 3 or as other @entity5 were @entity157 . Thus, active diagnostic work-up, including biopsy to allow prompt treatment, is recommended in such @entity1 . (  ) RSNA, 2015 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System with MR Imaging: Evaluation in Nodules 20 mm or Smaller Detected in XXXX at Screening US.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas', 'ICCs']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'HCCs', 'hepatocellular carcinomas']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['Cirrhosis']


abstract: Circulating forms of the @entity10431 ( @entity10431 ) are associated with prognosis in @entity1 with colorectal cancer. Preclinical studies have shown that @entity10431 can influence the state of phosphorylation and signalling activity of the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) in a ligand-independent manner. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether plasma soluble intact and cleaved @entity10431 (I-III)+(II-III) levels could identify a subpopulation of @entity1 with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) where treatment with cetuximab would have a beneficial effect. Plasma samples were available from 453 @entity1 treated in the NORDIC VII study. @entity1 were randomized between FLOX and FLOX   +   cetuximab. The levels of @entity10431 (I-III)+(II-III) were determined by time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay. We demonstrated that higher baseline plasma @entity10431 (I-III)+(II-III) levels were significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (HR   =   1.30, 1.14-1.48, p   =   0.0001) and overall survival (OS) (HR   =   1.75, 1.52-2.02, p   <   0.0001). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that plasma @entity10431 (I-III)+(II-III) was an independent biomarker of short OS (HR   =   1.45, 1.20-1.75, p   =   0.0001). There were no significant interactions between plasma @entity10431 (I-III)+(II-III) levels, @entity984 mutational status and treatment either PFS (p   =   0.43) or OS (p   =   0.095). However, further explorative analyses indicated that @entity1 with low levels of circulating suPAR and a @entity984 wild-type tumor have improved effect from treatment with FLOX   +   cetuximab as compared to @entity1 with @entity984 wild-type and high levels of suPAR. These results thus support the preclinical findings and should be further tested in an independent clinical data set.

title: Intact and cleaved plasma soluble urokinase receptor in XXXX with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with oxaliplatin with or without cetuximab.

entities_list: @entity10431 :: ('5329', 'Gene') :: ['uPAR', 'urokinase plasminogen activator receptor']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the clinical features, antibiotic susceptibilities, and visual outcomes associated with @entity3225 caused by @entity796 . METHODS: A consecutive case series. Microbiology database records were retrospectively reviewed for all @entity1 with @entity3225 caused by @entity796 from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2012, at a large university referral center. The corresponding clinical records were then reviewed to evaluate the @entity3225 clinical features and treatment outcomes. RESULTS: In the 12 @entity1 identified, clinical settings included postcataract surgery (n = 4), postpenetrating keratoplasty (n = 3), endogenous source (n = 2), post-pars plana vitrectomy (n = 1), trabeculectomy bleb-associated setting (n = 1), and @entity726 drainage implant-associated setting (n = 1). All @entity1 presented with hypopyon. Presenting visual acuity was hand motions or worse in all cases. All isolates were susceptible to @entity5505 and @entity5553 . When comparing isolates in this study with isolates from a previous study (1987 to 2001), the minimal inhibitory concentration required to inhibit 90% of isolates (MIC 90, in micrograms per milliliter) remained the same for @entity5505 (8), @entity2177 (0.5), @entity2892 (4), @entity2890 (0.5), and @entity4509 (4). Initial treatment strategies were vitreous tap and injection (n = 9) and pars plana vitrectomy with intravitreal antibiotics (n = 3). Final visual acuity was light perception or worse in 11 of the 12 @entity1 (92%). Five @entity1 underwent enucleation (42%). CONCLUSION: All isolates were susceptible to @entity5505 and @entity5553 , and all MIC 90s for isolates in the current period compared with isolates from 1987 to 2001 remained identical. Despite early and appropriate treatment, outcomes were generally poor with a high rate of enucleation.

title: ENDOPHTHALMITIS CAUSED BY XXXX : Clinical Features, Antibiotic Susceptibilities, and Treatment Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2892 :: ('MESH:D015378', 'Chemical') :: ['imipenem']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity5553 :: ('D064704', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA']


abstract: A prospective study was performed to evaluate the impact of surgical decompression (SD) and instrumented fusion within 8   h versus 8-24   h after injury on neurological recovery after cervical traumatic @entity1566 (tSCI) in @entity1 operated on in the UMC Ljubljana, Slovenia. Only @entity1 with the American @entity3510 Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) grades of A through C and with MRI-confirmed @entity1745 were enrolled. The primary outcome was the change in AIS grade at the 6-month follow-up. Of the 48 enrolled @entity1 , 22 @entity1 who underwent surgery within 8   h (group 8   h) and 20 @entity1 who underwent surgery between 8 and 24   h (Group 8-24   h) after injury concluded the study. At admission, there was no statistically significant difference in AIS grade between the study groups. At the 6-month follow-up, an improvement of at least two AIS grades was found in 45.5% of @entity1 in group 8   h and in 10% of @entity1 in group 8-24   h (p=0.017). The median improvement in the ASIA motor score was 38.5 (10.0-61.0) motor points in group 8   h and 15.0 (8.8-34.0) motor points in group 8-24   h (p=0.0468). In a multivariate analysis, adjusted for the preoperative AIS grade and the degree of spinal canal compromise, the odds of an at least two-grade AIS improvement were at least 106% higher for @entity1 in group 8   h than for @entity1 in group 8-24   h (odds ratio=11.08, p=0.004). No statistically significant difference was found in the rate of perioperative complications, @entity55 , and the number of ventilator-dependent days or the mortality between the groups. Our results suggest that the @entity1 with tSCI who undergo SD within 8   h after injury have superior neurological outcomes than @entity1 who undergo SD 8-24   h after injury, without any increase in the rate of adverse effects.

title: Neurological Recovery after Traumatic Cervical XXXX Is Superior if Surgical Decompression and Instrumented Fusion Are Performed within 8 Hours versus 8 to 24 Hours after Injury: A Single Center Experience.

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1745 :: ('MESH:D013117', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord compression']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']


abstract: The Fibrinogen @entity7102 Adhesive System (FTAS) enables local haemostasis to occur in parenchymatous organs without tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the degradation of FTAS and the process of wound healing after partial kidney resection in @entity35 using FTAS for induction of local haemostasis. In 28 @entity35 partial kidney resection was performed bilaterally. Haemostasis was achieved with Fibrinogen @entity7102 Adhesive System. Four experimental groups were formed. Group A (n = 3): Haemostasis with unlabelled FTAS, subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml = 60 mu Ci Na 125I. Group B (n = 3): Haemostasis with unlabelled FTAS, subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml = 60 mu Ci 125I FTAS. Group C (n = 6): Haemostasis with 125I labelled FTAS. Group D (n = 16): treated like Group C. In Groups A - @entity71528 -elimination in 24 h urine samples was determined with a gamma-scintillation counter. Pairs of animals in Group D were killed after 2, 6, 12 and 24 h and 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Kidneys were examined under the light and electron microscope and by autoradiography. In animals of Groups B and C two peaks of 125I excretion were observed: one peak within the first 48 h postoperatively which corresponded to the amount of free @entity1496 injected with FTAS (FTAS contains 15% free @entity1496 ); a second peak after 120 h which was most probably due to the degradation of FTAS. Fibrinolysis was not observed. FTAS was resorbed mainly by macrophages. The time course of wound healing paralleled that of physiological fibrinogen concentration. Renal parenchymal damage was not observed.

title: Partial @entity35 kidney resection using autologous fibrinogen XXXX adhesive system.

answer: @entity7102 :: (29251(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['thrombin']


abstract: The Fibrinogen @entity7102 Adhesive System (FTAS) enables local haemostasis to occur in parenchymatous organs without tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the degradation of FTAS and the process of wound healing after partial kidney resection in @entity35 using FTAS for induction of local haemostasis. In 28 @entity35 partial kidney resection was performed bilaterally. Haemostasis was achieved with Fibrinogen @entity7102 Adhesive System. Four experimental groups were formed. Group A (n = 3): Haemostasis with unlabelled FTAS, subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml = 60 mu Ci Na 125I. Group B (n = 3): Haemostasis with unlabelled FTAS, subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml = 60 mu Ci 125I FTAS. Group C (n = 6): Haemostasis with 125I labelled FTAS. Group D (n = 16): treated like Group C. In Groups A - @entity71528 -elimination in 24 h urine samples was determined with a gamma-scintillation counter. Pairs of animals in Group D were killed after 2, 6, 12 and 24 h and 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Kidneys were examined under the light and electron microscope and by autoradiography. In animals of Groups B and C two peaks of 125I excretion were observed: one peak within the first 48 h postoperatively which corresponded to the amount of free @entity1496 injected with FTAS (FTAS contains 15% free @entity1496 ); a second peak after 120 h which was most probably due to the degradation of FTAS. Fibrinolysis was not observed. FTAS was resorbed mainly by macrophages. The time course of wound healing paralleled that of physiological fibrinogen concentration. Renal parenchymal damage was not observed.

title: Partial XXXX kidney resection using autologous fibrinogen @entity7102 adhesive system.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity731 in the progression of @entity1002 and @entity65 has been well recognized. @entity1002 is a measure of regional @entity296 . Our objective was to investigate the relationship of subclinical @entity731 with mechanical @entity1002 in a population-based asymptomatic multi-ethnic cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity1 of the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA) at exam 5 were evaluated using 1.5T cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, carotid ultrasound (n = 2062) for common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) @entity121 ( @entity121 ), and cardiac computed tomography (n = 2039) for coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) assessment (Agatston method). Dyssynchrony indices were defined as the standard deviation of time to peak systolic circumferential strain (SD-TPS) and the difference between maximum and minimum (max-min) time to peak strain using harmonic phase imaging in 12 segments (3-slices * 4 segments). Multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess associations after adjusting for @entity1 demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, LV mass, and ejection fraction. In multivariable analyses, SD-TPS was significantly related to measures of @entity731 , including @entity2998 (8.7 ms/mm change in @entity121 , p = 0.020), @entity2998 (19.2 ms/mm change in @entity121 , p < 0.001), carotid plaque score (1.2 ms/unit change in score, p < 0.001), and log transformed @entity25346 (0.66 ms/unit log- @entity25346 , p = 0.018). These findings were consistent with other parameter of @entity1002 i.e. max-min. CONCLUSION: In the MESA cohort, measures of @entity731 are associated with parameters of subclinical @entity1002 in the absence of clinical coronary event and @entity714 .

title: Association of subclinical @entity731 using carotid XXXX , carotid plaque, and coronary @entity460 score with left ventricular dyssynchrony: the multi-ethnic Study of @entity731 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['left-bundle-branch block']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LV dyssynchrony', 'global left ventricular dysfunction', 'Left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['intima-media thickness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity731 in the progression of @entity1002 and @entity65 has been well recognized. @entity1002 is a measure of regional @entity296 . Our objective was to investigate the relationship of subclinical @entity731 with mechanical @entity1002 in a population-based asymptomatic multi-ethnic cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity1 of the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA) at exam 5 were evaluated using 1.5T cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, carotid ultrasound (n = 2062) for common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) @entity121 ( @entity121 ), and cardiac computed tomography (n = 2039) for coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) assessment (Agatston method). Dyssynchrony indices were defined as the standard deviation of time to peak systolic circumferential strain (SD-TPS) and the difference between maximum and minimum (max-min) time to peak strain using harmonic phase imaging in 12 segments (3-slices * 4 segments). Multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess associations after adjusting for @entity1 demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, LV mass, and ejection fraction. In multivariable analyses, SD-TPS was significantly related to measures of @entity731 , including @entity2998 (8.7 ms/mm change in @entity121 , p = 0.020), @entity2998 (19.2 ms/mm change in @entity121 , p < 0.001), carotid plaque score (1.2 ms/unit change in score, p < 0.001), and log transformed @entity25346 (0.66 ms/unit log- @entity25346 , p = 0.018). These findings were consistent with other parameter of @entity1002 i.e. max-min. CONCLUSION: In the MESA cohort, measures of @entity731 are associated with parameters of subclinical @entity1002 in the absence of clinical coronary event and @entity714 .

title: Association of subclinical @entity731 using carotid @entity121 , carotid plaque, and coronary XXXX score with left ventricular dyssynchrony: the multi-ethnic Study of @entity731 .

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity731 in the progression of @entity1002 and @entity65 has been well recognized. @entity1002 is a measure of regional @entity296 . Our objective was to investigate the relationship of subclinical @entity731 with mechanical @entity1002 in a population-based asymptomatic multi-ethnic cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity1 of the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA) at exam 5 were evaluated using 1.5T cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, carotid ultrasound (n = 2062) for common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) @entity121 ( @entity121 ), and cardiac computed tomography (n = 2039) for coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) assessment (Agatston method). Dyssynchrony indices were defined as the standard deviation of time to peak systolic circumferential strain (SD-TPS) and the difference between maximum and minimum (max-min) time to peak strain using harmonic phase imaging in 12 segments (3-slices * 4 segments). Multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess associations after adjusting for @entity1 demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, LV mass, and ejection fraction. In multivariable analyses, SD-TPS was significantly related to measures of @entity731 , including @entity2998 (8.7 ms/mm change in @entity121 , p = 0.020), @entity2998 (19.2 ms/mm change in @entity121 , p < 0.001), carotid plaque score (1.2 ms/unit change in score, p < 0.001), and log transformed @entity25346 (0.66 ms/unit log- @entity25346 , p = 0.018). These findings were consistent with other parameter of @entity1002 i.e. max-min. CONCLUSION: In the MESA cohort, measures of @entity731 are associated with parameters of subclinical @entity1002 in the absence of clinical coronary event and @entity714 .

title: Association of subclinical XXXX using carotid @entity121 , carotid plaque, and coronary @entity460 score with left ventricular dyssynchrony: the multi-ethnic Study of @entity731 .

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity731 in the progression of @entity1002 and @entity65 has been well recognized. @entity1002 is a measure of regional @entity296 . Our objective was to investigate the relationship of subclinical @entity731 with mechanical @entity1002 in a population-based asymptomatic multi-ethnic cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity1 of the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA) at exam 5 were evaluated using 1.5T cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, carotid ultrasound (n = 2062) for common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) @entity121 ( @entity121 ), and cardiac computed tomography (n = 2039) for coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) assessment (Agatston method). Dyssynchrony indices were defined as the standard deviation of time to peak systolic circumferential strain (SD-TPS) and the difference between maximum and minimum (max-min) time to peak strain using harmonic phase imaging in 12 segments (3-slices * 4 segments). Multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess associations after adjusting for @entity1 demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, LV mass, and ejection fraction. In multivariable analyses, SD-TPS was significantly related to measures of @entity731 , including @entity2998 (8.7 ms/mm change in @entity121 , p = 0.020), @entity2998 (19.2 ms/mm change in @entity121 , p < 0.001), carotid plaque score (1.2 ms/unit change in score, p < 0.001), and log transformed @entity25346 (0.66 ms/unit log- @entity25346 , p = 0.018). These findings were consistent with other parameter of @entity1002 i.e. max-min. CONCLUSION: In the MESA cohort, measures of @entity731 are associated with parameters of subclinical @entity1002 in the absence of clinical coronary event and @entity714 .

title: Association of subclinical @entity731 using carotid @entity121 , carotid plaque, and coronary @entity460 score with left ventricular dyssynchrony: the multi-ethnic Study of XXXX .

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerosis']


abstract: Negative symptoms are a core feature of @entity161 and have been grouped into 2 factors: a motivational factor, which we refer to as apathy, and a diminished expression factor. Recent studies have shown that apathy is closely linked to functional outcome. However, knowledge about its mechanisms and its relation to decision-making is limited. In the current study, we examined whether apathy in @entity161 is associated with predecisional deficits, that is, deficits in the generation of options for action. We applied verbal protocol analysis to investigate the quantity of options generated in ill-structured real world scenarios in 30 @entity1 with @entity161 or @entity914 and 21 healthy control @entity1 . @entity1 generated significantly fewer options than control @entity1 and clinical apathy ratings correlated negatively with the quantity of generated options. We show that the association between measures of psychopathology and option generation is most pronounced in regard to apathy symptoms and that it is only partially mediated by deficits in verbal fluency. This study provides empirical support for dysfunctional option generation as a possible mechanism for apathy in @entity161 . Our data emphasize the potential importance of predecisional stages in the development and persistence of apathy symptoms in @entity146 and might also inform the development of novel treatment options in the realm of cognitive remediation. (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Apathy in XXXX as a deficit in the generation of options for action.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['schizoaffective disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This literature review examined research into the impact of a previous 'all-clear' or non- @entity5 diagnosis following symptomatic presentation ('false alarm') on symptom attribution and delays in help seeking for subsequent possible @entity5 symptoms. DESIGN AND SETTING: The comprehensive literature review included original research based on quantitative, qualitative and mixed data collection methods. We used a combination of search strategies, including in-depth searches of electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsychInfo), searching key authors and articles listed as 'related' in PubMed, and reference lists. We performed a narrative synthesis of key themes shared across studies. @entity1 : The review included studies published after 1990 and before February 2014 reporting information on adult @entity1 having experienced a false alarm following symptomatic presentation. We excluded false alarms in the context of screening. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: We evaluated the effect of a 'false alarm' on symptom attribution and help seeking for new or recurrent possible @entity5 symptoms. RESULTS: Overall, 1442 papers were screened and 121 retrieved for full-text evaluation. Among them, 19 reported on false alarms and subsequent symptom attribution or help seeking. They used qualitative (n=14), quantitative (n=3) and mixed methods (n=2). Breast (n=7), gynaecological (n=3), colorectal (n=2), testicular (n=2), and @entity135 (n=2) were the most studied. Two broad themes emerged underlying delays in help seeking: (1) over-reassurance from the previous 'all-clear' diagnosis leading to subsequent symptoms being interpreted as benign, and (2) unsupportive healthcare experiences in which symptoms were dismissed, leaving @entity1 concerned about appearing hypochondriacal or uncertain about the appropriate next actions. The evidence suggested that the effect of a false alarm can persist for months and even years. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, over-reassurance and undersupport of @entity1 after a false alarm can undermine help seeking in the case of new or recurrent potential @entity5 symptoms, highlighting the need for appropriate @entity1 information when investigations rule out @entity5 .

title: Over-reassurance and undersupport after a 'false alarm': a systematic review of the impact on subsequent XXXX symptom attribution and help seeking.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancers']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Although cerclage has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrent @entity600 in a select @entity1 population, the mechanism by which this occurs is not well understood. Our objective was to evaluate whether cerclage affects the rate of cervical @entity3207 taking into account exposure to @entity4418 and vaginal @entity1420 . METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of @entity1 who had serial cervical length measurements due to a history of spontaneous @entity3152 . Demographic data, obstetric history, @entity1420 administration, delivery information and serial cervical length measurements were collected. The rate of cervical @entity3207 was compared in @entity1 with cerclage to those without cerclage. Subgroup analyses were performed to compare rates of cervical @entity3207 by indication for cerclage (history indicated vs ultrasound-indicated) and outcome in the current pregnancy (cerclage vs no cerclage among those that delivered preterm). RESULTS: A total of 414 @entity1 were included of whom 32.4 % (n   =   134) had a cerclage. There was no difference in the rate of cervical @entity3207 between the cerclage (0.8   mm per week) and no cerclage groups (1.0   mm per week, P   =   0.43). The rates of cervical @entity3207 among history-indicated and ultrasound-indicated cerclage groups were similar (0.9 vs 1.3   mm per week respectively, p   =   0.2). Among @entity1 with a @entity3152 in the index pregnancy, the rate of cervical @entity3207 among those with (1.31   mm per week), and without cerclage (1.28   mm per week, p   =   0.78) was also similar. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical @entity3207 among @entity1 with cerclage occurs at a similar rate as @entity1 without a cerclage, regardless of indication for cerclage or pregnancy outcome.

title: The effect of cervical cerclage on the rate of cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity4418 :: ('MESH:D019326', 'Chemical') :: ['17-hydroxyprogesterone']

answer: @entity3207 :: (MESH:C535850,Disease) :: ['shortening']


abstract: A significant fall in fasting @entity15669 was produced by injection of @entity3897 . After @entity369 infusion @entity3897 reduced the normal rise of glucagon by 33% and @entity413 by 40%. Eleven @entity1 studied during insulin hypoglycaemia after a selective vagotomy showed a peak rise in plasma-glucagon of 173 pg. per ml., which was not significantly different from the glucagon rise in ten preoperative controls (168 pg. per ml.). The glucagon response to insulin hypoglycaemia (81 pg. per ml.) in a matched group of ten @entity1 with truncal vagotomy was significantly less than after selective vagotomy. This evidence of parasympathetic control of the alpha cell accords with morphological and laboratory-animal findings. Maintenance of normal glucagon release after selective vagotomy favours the use of this operation rather than the cruder truncal vagotomy.

title: Vagal control of glucagon release in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity15669 :: ('MESH:C564159', 'Disease') :: ['plasmapancreatic-glucagon']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: BACKGROUND: EQOFIX is a medicoeconomic study that analyzed the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and costs of care of the moderate and severe forms of @entity4777 , treated on demand or by prophylaxis with either plasma-derived Factor IX (pdFIX) or recombinant @entity4682 (rFIX). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The primary objectives were evaluations of the impact of @entity4777 on HRQoL and of the costs associated with its management. The secondary objectives were evaluations of the clinical efficacy and costs of care of pdFIX and rFIX. In this observational study we included and followed for 1 year severe and moderate @entity4777 @entity1 without inhibitor. HRQoL was evaluated through generic and disease-specific questionnaires. Information on the health resources consumed was collected every 3 months. RESULTS: The EQOFIX cohort was composed of 155 @entity1 , including 51 @entity1 and 104 adults, with 114 having severe disease and 41 having moderate disease. The regimens were prophylactic for 61 and on demand for 94. Altogether, 78 were treated with rFIX and 77 with pdFIX. There was no difference in the QoL between the pdFIX and rFIX treatments. The extra cost of prophylaxis was    22,605 per @entity548 event prevented. The consumption of @entity4682 was 1.4-fold higher for the @entity1 treated with rFIX than for the @entity1 treated with pdFIX. CONCLUSION: Our findings in a cohort composed of 25% of the French population of moderate and severe @entity4777 @entity1 show, with similar clinical and HRQoL results, that treatment with rFIX is more expensive than treatment with pdFIX.

title: EQOFIX: a combined economic and quality-of-life study of XXXX treatments in France.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity4777 :: ('MESH:D002836', 'Disease') :: ['hemophilia B']

answer: @entity4777 :: (MESH:D002836,Disease) :: ['hemophilia B']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of psychosocial interventions with the aim of reducing the intensity of stress in mothers during the postpartum period as compared with usual care. DATA SOURCES: Eligible studies were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and ProQuest dissertations and theses. STUDY SELECTION: @entity23 ( @entity23 ) treating stress in postpartum mothers older than age 19  years were included. The suitability of the quality of articles was evaluated using Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Experimental Studies. Fourteen articles met the inclusion criteria for data analysis. DATA EXTRACTION: Authors, country, sample, setting, methods, time period, major content of the intervention, outcome measures, and salient findings were extracted and summarized in a data extraction form for further analysis and synthesis. DATA SYNTHESIS: Standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for 13 suitable articles using Cochrane Review Manager. RESULTS: Of 1,871 publications, 14 @entity23 , conducted between 1994 and 2012, were evaluated in the systematic review and 13 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Studies were categorized into three major types by interventional methods. We found that psychosocial interventions in general (standard mean difference -1.66, 95% confidence interval [-2.74, -0.57], p  =  .003), and supportive stress management programs in particular (standard mean difference -0.59, 95% confidence interval [-0.94, -0.23], p  =  .001), were effective for @entity1 dealing with postpartum stress. CONCLUSIONS: This review indicated that psychosocial interventions including supportive stress management programs are effective for reducing postpartum stress in @entity1 , so those interventions should become an essential part of maternity care.

title: A Systematic Review of Psychosocial Interventions for XXXX with Postpartum Stress.

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['RCTs', 'Randomized controlled trials']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: Remote @entity63 conditioning (RIC) represents an innovative cardioprotective method that has been investigated in numerous clinical studies providing miscellaneous results. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to assess RIC-induced effects on @entity296 biomarkers and clinical outcomes in clinical situations at risk of @entity741 /reperfusion damage. PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized clinical trials testing any RIC protocol versus a control in a situation or procedure at risk of @entity299 /reperfusion damage, including coronary angioplasty and cardiac or major vascular surgery. Data were collected from publications reporting biological markers of @entity296 or clinical events, including major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE), all-cause mortality, @entity583 incidence, and repeat revascularization. Standardized mean difference (SMD) (continuous outcomes) and odds ratios (OR) (dichotomous outcomes) were compared between groups. Heterogeneity was investigated by means of meta-analysis regression. A total of 53 articles (44 studies) were identified by the search, with 5,317 @entity1 included in the systematic meta-analysis. RIC significantly reduced troponin area under curve (AUC) (SMD -0.27, 95  % confidence interval (CI): [-0.36, -0.18]; p  <  0.01) and troponin peak (SMD: -0.22, 95  % CI: [-0.30, -0.15]; p  <  0.01). The same reduction was observed with creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) AUC and peak. Long-term MACCE and all-cause mortality were significantly lower in the RIC group (OR: 0.42, 95  % CI [0.28, 0.64]; p  <  0.01 vs. OR: 0.27, 95  % CI [0.13, 0.58]; p  <  0.01, respectively), as was @entity583 incidence (OR: 0.54, 95  % CI [0.40, 0.73]; p  <  0.01). We observed no difference regarding repeat revascularization. RIC appears to be an effective method for reducing @entity63 /reperfusion @entity296 , and our findings suggest that it may reduce long-term clinical events.

title: Remote XXXX conditioning and cardioprotection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac ischemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Changes in technology and increased reports of successful extracorporeal life support use in @entity1 populations, such as @entity683 , @entity1167 , and adults, are leading to expansion of extracorporeal life support. Major limitations to extracorporeal life support expansion remain @entity548 and @entity715 . These complications are the most frequent causes of @entity204 and morbidity. As a pilot project to provide baseline data for a detailed evaluation of @entity548 and @entity715 in the current era, extracorporeal life support @entity1 were analyzed from eight centers in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of @entity1 Health and @entity1 Development Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of @entity1 (< 19 yr) reported to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry from eight Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network centers between 2005 and 2011. SETTING: Tertiary @entity1 's hospitals within the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network. SUBJECTS: The study cohort consisted of 2,036 @entity1 (13% with @entity2914 ). INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN RESULTS: In the cohort of @entity1 without @entity2914 (n = 1,773), @entity548 occurred in 38% of @entity1 , whereas @entity715 was noted in 31%. Bleeding and @entity715 were associated with a decreased survival by 40% (relative risk, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.53-0.66) and 33% (odds ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.60-0.74). Longer duration of extracorporeal life support and use of venoarterial cannulation were also associated with increased risk of @entity548 and/or @entity715 complications and lower survival. The most common @entity548 events included surgical site @entity548 (17%; n = 306), cannulation site @entity548 (14%; n = 256), and @entity932 (11%; n = 192). Common @entity715 events were clots in the circuit (15%; n = 274) and the oxygenator (12%; n = 212) and @entity2142 (plasma-free hemoglobin > 50 mg/dL) (10%; n = 177). Among @entity1 with @entity2914 , @entity548 and @entity715 occurred in, respectively, 45% (n = 118) and 60% (n = 159), Bleeding events were associated with reduced survival (relative risk, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.46-0.86) although @entity715 events were not (relative risk, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.67-1.26). CONCLUSIONS: Bleeding and @entity715 remain common complications in @entity1 undergoing extracorporeal life support. Further research to reduce or eliminate @entity548 and @entity715 is indicated to help improve @entity1 outcome.

title: Association of XXXX and @entity715 with outcome in extracorporeal life support.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'patients', 'patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['congenital diaphragmatic hernia']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['bleeding']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Changes in technology and increased reports of successful extracorporeal life support use in @entity1 populations, such as @entity683 , @entity1167 , and adults, are leading to expansion of extracorporeal life support. Major limitations to extracorporeal life support expansion remain @entity548 and @entity715 . These complications are the most frequent causes of @entity204 and morbidity. As a pilot project to provide baseline data for a detailed evaluation of @entity548 and @entity715 in the current era, extracorporeal life support @entity1 were analyzed from eight centers in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of @entity1 Health and @entity1 Development Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of @entity1 (< 19 yr) reported to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry from eight Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network centers between 2005 and 2011. SETTING: Tertiary @entity1 's hospitals within the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network. SUBJECTS: The study cohort consisted of 2,036 @entity1 (13% with @entity2914 ). INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN RESULTS: In the cohort of @entity1 without @entity2914 (n = 1,773), @entity548 occurred in 38% of @entity1 , whereas @entity715 was noted in 31%. Bleeding and @entity715 were associated with a decreased survival by 40% (relative risk, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.53-0.66) and 33% (odds ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.60-0.74). Longer duration of extracorporeal life support and use of venoarterial cannulation were also associated with increased risk of @entity548 and/or @entity715 complications and lower survival. The most common @entity548 events included surgical site @entity548 (17%; n = 306), cannulation site @entity548 (14%; n = 256), and @entity932 (11%; n = 192). Common @entity715 events were clots in the circuit (15%; n = 274) and the oxygenator (12%; n = 212) and @entity2142 (plasma-free hemoglobin > 50 mg/dL) (10%; n = 177). Among @entity1 with @entity2914 , @entity548 and @entity715 occurred in, respectively, 45% (n = 118) and 60% (n = 159), Bleeding events were associated with reduced survival (relative risk, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.46-0.86) although @entity715 events were not (relative risk, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.67-1.26). CONCLUSIONS: Bleeding and @entity715 remain common complications in @entity1 undergoing extracorporeal life support. Further research to reduce or eliminate @entity548 and @entity715 is indicated to help improve @entity1 outcome.

title: Association of @entity548 and XXXX with outcome in extracorporeal life support.

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: Fluorescent magnetic @entity1933 nanoparticles have been used to label cells for imaging as well as for therapeutic purposes. The purpose of this study was to modify the approach to develop a nanoprobe for cell selection and imaging with a direct therapeutic translational focus. The approach involves physical coincubation and adsorption of superparamagnetic @entity1933 nanoparticle- @entity968 (SPION- @entity970 ) complexes with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) or a set of antibodies. Flow cytometry, confocal laser scanning microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, @entity68 staining, and magnetic resonance imaging were used to assess cell viability, function, and labeling efficiency. This process has been validated by selecting adipose tissue-derived cardiac progenitor cells from the stromal vascular fraction using @entity28224 ( @entity28224 )/kinase domain receptor ( @entity319 ) mAbs. These markers were chosen because of their sustained expression during cardiomyocyte differentiation. Sorting of cells positive for @entity28224 and @entity319 allowed the enrichment of cardiac progenitors with 90% troponin-I positivity in differentiation cultures. SPION labeled cardiac progenitor cells (1*10(5) cells) was mixed with gel and used for 3T magnetic resonance imaging at a concentration, as low as 12.5  g of @entity68 . The @entity137 assays, at cellular and molecular levels, did not show any detrimental effects of SPION. Our study has the potential to achieve moderate to high specific cell selection for the dual purpose of imaging and therapy.

title: Fluorescent magnetic XXXX nanoparticles for cardiac precursor cell selection from stromal vascular fraction and optimization for magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity28224 :: ('140885', 'Gene') :: ['signal regulatory protein alpha', 'SIRPA']

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity1933 :: (MESH:C000499,Chemical) :: ['iron oxide']


abstract: Blood transfusions can modify host immunity and clinical outcomes in @entity1583 . One thousand sixty-seven @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) were studied for their transfusion dependency at initial presentation and transfusion frequency during induction chemotherapy. Three hundred five @entity1 (29  %) showed initial @entity734 to red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and 109 (10  %) to platelet transfusion. Transfusion dependency at presentation was associated with a poorer prognosis. Both initial RBC and platelet transfusion needs were associated with lower response rates (P   =   0.04 and P   =   0.03). Median overall survival (OS) was 10.8  months for @entity1 with RBC need vs 18.8  months for the other @entity1 (P   =   0.02) and 6.8  months for @entity1 with platelet transfusion need vs 13.6  months for the others (P   =   0.01). Similarly, transfusion intensity during induction therapy influenced negatively treatment outcome. Median transfusion burden per week was 2.5 (range 0-25.7) RBC units and 1.6 (range 0-15.7) platelet concentrates (PCs). Both high RBC and PC transfusion intensities were associated with lower response rates (P   =   0.003 and P   <   0.0001). Median OS was 9.08  months for @entity1 with RBC transfusions >3/week vs 18.29  months for those with RBC transfusions  <=3/week (P   =   0.0003) and 10.75  months for @entity1 with PC transfusions >2/week vs 19.96  months for those with PC  <=2/week (P   =   0.0003). RBC and platelet transfusion intensities during induction therapy remained of prognostic value in multivariate analysis. Transfusion need at presentation and the frequency of transfusions during induction chemotherapy appear as strong prognostic factors.

title: Transfusion dependency at diagnosis and transfusion intensity during initial chemotherapy are associated with poorer outcomes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematological malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['adult acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity308 and @entity148 are considered risk factors for @entity65 ( @entity65 ). The explanatory mechanisms, however, are still to be characterized. One proposed pathophysiological pathway is dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, including heightened sympathetic nervous system activity. This study examined the relationship between symptoms of @entity308 , @entity148 , and sympathetic nervous system activity in individuals with @entity101 . METHODS: A total of 140 @entity1 with @entity101 (55% white, 38.5% female, mean [standard deviation] age = 45.5 [8.55] years) collected urine over a 24-hour period on 3 separate occasions. Urine samples were assayed for mean 24-hour epinephrine (EPI24) and @entity1063 excretion. @entity308 symptoms were assessed using the Beck @entity308 Inventory, with @entity148 symptoms assessed using the Spielberger State-Trait @entity148 Inventory. RESULTS: @entity308 and @entity148 scores were intercorrelated (r = 0.76, p < .001). EPI24 was positively correlated with @entity148 (r = 0.20, p = .02) but not @entity308 (r = 0.02, p = .77), whereas 24-hour urinary @entity1063 excretion was not correlated with @entity148 (r = 0.10, p = .21) or with @entity308 (r = 0.07, p = .39). Regression models, accounting for sex, age, body mass index, race, mean systolic ambulatory blood pressure, @entity286 use, @entity167 use, physical activity, and sleep efficiency confirmed that @entity148 was associated with EPI24 excretion (p = .023) and that depressive symptoms were not (p = .54). CONCLUSIONS: @entity148 was associated with heightened sympathoadrenal activity, suggesting a biological pathway through which @entity148 could increase @entity65 risk. @entity148 and @entity308 may confer increased @entity65 risk via different mechanisms.

title: Association of XXXX With 24-Hour Urinary Catecholamines in Individuals With Untreated High Blood Pressure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depressive', 'Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['untreated high blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms']