abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare early recurrence between good-quality white-light Transurethral Resection of Bladder @entity5 (TURBT) (GQ-WLTURBT) and photodynamic diagnosis-assisted (PDD) TURBT in a real-life controlled setting. METHODS: A prospective controlled study was conducted commencing with a planned prospective cohort of @entity1 with new @entity5 undergoing white-light TURBT in 2007-2008. Previously defined principles of GQ-WLTURBT for standardization and comparison of TURBT techniques, which are (1) cystoscopic mapping using a bladder diagram, (2) documented complete resection of the @entity5 , (3) resection performed or supervised by an experienced surgeon, (4) presence of detrusor muscle in the specimen, and (5) @entity1 receiving @entity1138 within 24 hours of the resection, were applied. This was followed by a prospective cohort of new @entity1 undergoing PDD-TURBT in 2009-2011. Only @entity1 with new non-muscle-invasive @entity150 (NMIBC) deemed to have had complete first TURBT were included for analysis. Tumor features and findings at first check cystoscopy and early re-TURBT (in high-risk NMIBC) were evaluated. Early recurrence (for calculating recurrence rate at first follow-up cystoscopy) was defined as pathologically confirmed @entity5 on early re-TURBT or recurrence at the first check cystoscopy. Comparison was analyzed between GQ-WLTURBT and good-quality PDD-TURBT (GQ-PDDTURBT). RESULTS: A total of 808 @entity1 were evaluated. The overall RRFFCs for GQ-WLTURBT and GQ-PDDTURBT were 30.9% and 13.6%, respectively (odds ratio  = 2.9; 95% CI  = 1.6-5.0; P  <.001), with statistically significant lower recurrence rates in low- and intermediate-risk NMIBC after GQ-PDDTURBT. CONCLUSION: Hexvix PDD-assisted TURBT is associated with a significantly lower risk of early recurrence compared with GQ-WLTURBT in a real-life clinical setting.

title: Real-life Experience: Early Recurrence With Hexvix Photodynamic Diagnosis-assisted Transurethral Resection of Bladder @entity5 (TURBT) vs Good-quality White Light TURBT in New Non-muscle-invasive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumour', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['Bladder Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare early recurrence between good-quality white-light Transurethral Resection of Bladder @entity5 (TURBT) (GQ-WLTURBT) and photodynamic diagnosis-assisted (PDD) TURBT in a real-life controlled setting. METHODS: A prospective controlled study was conducted commencing with a planned prospective cohort of @entity1 with new @entity5 undergoing white-light TURBT in 2007-2008. Previously defined principles of GQ-WLTURBT for standardization and comparison of TURBT techniques, which are (1) cystoscopic mapping using a bladder diagram, (2) documented complete resection of the @entity5 , (3) resection performed or supervised by an experienced surgeon, (4) presence of detrusor muscle in the specimen, and (5) @entity1 receiving @entity1138 within 24 hours of the resection, were applied. This was followed by a prospective cohort of new @entity1 undergoing PDD-TURBT in 2009-2011. Only @entity1 with new non-muscle-invasive @entity150 (NMIBC) deemed to have had complete first TURBT were included for analysis. Tumor features and findings at first check cystoscopy and early re-TURBT (in high-risk NMIBC) were evaluated. Early recurrence (for calculating recurrence rate at first follow-up cystoscopy) was defined as pathologically confirmed @entity5 on early re-TURBT or recurrence at the first check cystoscopy. Comparison was analyzed between GQ-WLTURBT and good-quality PDD-TURBT (GQ-PDDTURBT). RESULTS: A total of 808 @entity1 were evaluated. The overall RRFFCs for GQ-WLTURBT and GQ-PDDTURBT were 30.9% and 13.6%, respectively (odds ratio  = 2.9; 95% CI  = 1.6-5.0; P  <.001), with statistically significant lower recurrence rates in low- and intermediate-risk NMIBC after GQ-PDDTURBT. CONCLUSION: Hexvix PDD-assisted TURBT is associated with a significantly lower risk of early recurrence compared with GQ-WLTURBT in a real-life clinical setting.

title: Real-life Experience: Early Recurrence With Hexvix Photodynamic Diagnosis-assisted Transurethral Resection of Bladder XXXX (TURBT) vs Good-quality White Light TURBT in New Non-muscle-invasive @entity150 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumour']


abstract: @entity281 frequently consist of more than one strain of a given pathogen. Experiments have shown that co-infecting strains often compete, so that the @entity281 intensity of each strain in @entity325 is lower than in single strain infections. Such within-host competition can have important epidemiological and evolutionary consequences. However, the extent of competition has rarely been investigated in wild, naturally infected hosts, where there is noise in the form of varying inoculation doses, @entity281 and host heterogeneity, which can potentially alleviate or eliminate competition. Here, we investigated the extent of competition between @entity21786 strains (as determined by ospC genotype) in three host species sampled in the wild. For this purpose, we developed a protocol for 454 amplicon sequencing of ospC, which allows both detection and quantification of each individual strain in an @entity281 . Each host individual was infected with one to six ospC strains. The @entity281 intensity of each strain was lower in @entity325 than in single ones, showing that there was competition. Rank-abundance plots revealed that there was typically one dominant strain, but that the evenness of the relative @entity281 intensity of the different strains in an @entity281 increased with the multiplicity of @entity281 . We conclude that within-host competition can play an important role under natural conditions despite many potential sources of noise, and that quantification by next-generation amplicon sequencing offers new possibilities to dissect within-host interactions in naturally infected hosts.

title: Within-host competition between XXXX ospC strains in wild hosts as revealed by massively parallel amplicon sequencing.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['asynchronous infections', 'Infections', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity21786 :: ('29518', 'Species') :: ['Borrelia afzelii']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['mixed infections']

answer: @entity21786 :: (29518,Species) :: ['Borrelia afzelii']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Complex surgical exposures to @entity130 required for conventional surgery correlate with a high morbidity and mortality. We present our results with conventional surgery following @entity130 of the subclavian and axillary vessels. METHODS: Between November 2007 and March 2012, 29 cases with @entity1317 were operated. Diagnostic and treatment methods, associated organ injury, morbidity and mortality rates in these cases were respectively reviewed. RESULTS: The causes of @entity130 were stab wounds in 11 cases (37.9%), gunshot wounds in 9 cases (31%), @entity130 in 5 cases (17.2%) and blunt @entity130 4 cases (13.7%). Eight @entity1 (27.5%) had isolated @entity1317 while 21 @entity1 (72.4%) had coexisting organ injury (vein, bone, soft tissue, nerve). Primary repair and usage of saphenous vein were the most common surgical methods. One @entity1 died due to @entity583 . (Mortality 3.4%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1317 of axillosubclavian are frequently associated with neurogenic, osseous and soft tissue @entity130 and should have early intervention. Conventional surgery remains the choice of treatment in @entity1 with poor status and urgency.

title: Surgical management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['arterial injury', 'Vascular injuries', 'subclavian-axillary vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic injuries', 'injuries', 'upper extremity injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1317 :: (MESH:D057772,Disease) :: ['axillosubclavian vascular injuries']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Food components with anti- @entity28 properties are commonly evaluated using @entity19 models of diet-induced @entity28 . The ability of these components to reduce or prevent @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) accumulation is usually tested in feeding trials of several weeks duration in order to detect significant effects on fat mass expansion. Here, we aimed to identify early, predictive biomarkers for @entity1386 expansion. We performed a 5-day high-fat diet (HFD) feeding trial with C57BL/6J @entity19 using different established anti- @entity28 interventions: @entity3089 , replacing dietary lipids by n-3 @entity5204 , and increasing dietary protein. @entity1386 gene expression was analyzed of genes known to be similarly affected by short- and long-term HFD. Gene expression of @entity71277 (mesoderm-specific transcript) was increased by HFD and normalized by all anti- @entity28 interventions. In a second experiment, translatability to whole blood-based expression data was assessed. @entity19 were challenged for 21  days with a HFD without or with simultaneous treatment with anti- @entity28 bioactives, @entity36719 or @entity4025 , and compared for parameters including Leptin and @entity39937 expression in whole blood at day 5. While @entity3237 mRNA could not be detected in @entity19 whole blood, there was an induction of @entity39937 mRNA by HFD which was suppressed by @entity36719 . Moreover, @entity39937 expression in whole blood at day 5 positively correlated with @entity1386 and negatively with lean body mass and the subcutaneous/visceral fat ratio at day 21. We conclude that gene expression of @entity3237 and @entity39937 in @entity1386 and of @entity39937 in whole blood represent early, predictive markers of adipose tissue expansion of potential usefulness in nutritional studies and trials.

title: Identification of XXXX / @entity39937 gene expression as a predictive biomarker of adipose tissue expansion sensitive to dietary anti- @entity28 interventions.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity36719 :: ('MESH:C005975', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxytyrosol']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['epigallocatechin gallate']

entities_list: @entity4025 :: ('MESH:C059514', 'Chemical') :: ['resveratrol']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['white adipose tissue', 'adiposity', 'WAT']

answer: @entity39937 :: (17294(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Mest']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Food components with anti- @entity28 properties are commonly evaluated using @entity19 models of diet-induced @entity28 . The ability of these components to reduce or prevent @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) accumulation is usually tested in feeding trials of several weeks duration in order to detect significant effects on fat mass expansion. Here, we aimed to identify early, predictive biomarkers for @entity1386 expansion. We performed a 5-day high-fat diet (HFD) feeding trial with C57BL/6J @entity19 using different established anti- @entity28 interventions: @entity3089 , replacing dietary lipids by n-3 @entity5204 , and increasing dietary protein. @entity1386 gene expression was analyzed of genes known to be similarly affected by short- and long-term HFD. Gene expression of @entity71277 (mesoderm-specific transcript) was increased by HFD and normalized by all anti- @entity28 interventions. In a second experiment, translatability to whole blood-based expression data was assessed. @entity19 were challenged for 21  days with a HFD without or with simultaneous treatment with anti- @entity28 bioactives, @entity36719 or @entity4025 , and compared for parameters including Leptin and @entity39937 expression in whole blood at day 5. While @entity3237 mRNA could not be detected in @entity19 whole blood, there was an induction of @entity39937 mRNA by HFD which was suppressed by @entity36719 . Moreover, @entity39937 expression in whole blood at day 5 positively correlated with @entity1386 and negatively with lean body mass and the subcutaneous/visceral fat ratio at day 21. We conclude that gene expression of @entity3237 and @entity39937 in @entity1386 and of @entity39937 in whole blood represent early, predictive markers of adipose tissue expansion of potential usefulness in nutritional studies and trials.

title: Identification of @entity39937 / XXXX gene expression as a predictive biomarker of adipose tissue expansion sensitive to dietary anti- @entity28 interventions.

answer: @entity39937 :: (17294(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Peg1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Food components with anti- @entity28 properties are commonly evaluated using @entity19 models of diet-induced @entity28 . The ability of these components to reduce or prevent @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) accumulation is usually tested in feeding trials of several weeks duration in order to detect significant effects on fat mass expansion. Here, we aimed to identify early, predictive biomarkers for @entity1386 expansion. We performed a 5-day high-fat diet (HFD) feeding trial with C57BL/6J @entity19 using different established anti- @entity28 interventions: @entity3089 , replacing dietary lipids by n-3 @entity5204 , and increasing dietary protein. @entity1386 gene expression was analyzed of genes known to be similarly affected by short- and long-term HFD. Gene expression of @entity71277 (mesoderm-specific transcript) was increased by HFD and normalized by all anti- @entity28 interventions. In a second experiment, translatability to whole blood-based expression data was assessed. @entity19 were challenged for 21  days with a HFD without or with simultaneous treatment with anti- @entity28 bioactives, @entity36719 or @entity4025 , and compared for parameters including Leptin and @entity39937 expression in whole blood at day 5. While @entity3237 mRNA could not be detected in @entity19 whole blood, there was an induction of @entity39937 mRNA by HFD which was suppressed by @entity36719 . Moreover, @entity39937 expression in whole blood at day 5 positively correlated with @entity1386 and negatively with lean body mass and the subcutaneous/visceral fat ratio at day 21. We conclude that gene expression of @entity3237 and @entity39937 in @entity1386 and of @entity39937 in whole blood represent early, predictive markers of adipose tissue expansion of potential usefulness in nutritional studies and trials.

title: Identification of @entity39937 / @entity39937 gene expression as a predictive biomarker of adipose tissue expansion sensitive to dietary anti- XXXX interventions.

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Galectins play crucial roles in innate immune responses in invertebrate by recognizing and eliminating microinvaders. In this study, a cDNA encoding a galectin in the @entity11320 ( @entity11320 ) was identified and characterized. A recombinant variant of this lectin, rLvgalectin, was expressed in the model organism @entity10056 and its expression was confirmed by Western blot. Biochemical assays indicated that the recombinant protein antibacterial rLvgalectin activity and was expressed in all of the organism's tested tissues Injection of the bacterium @entity12671 into @entity11320 induced hemocytes upregulation of Lvgalectin. The recombinant Lvgalectin protein (rLvgalectin) could bind various microorganism including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and @entity375 . And it revealed antimicrobial activity against the test Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, but did not inhibit the growth of fungus @entity10056 . Moreover, rLvgalectin could significantly enhance the clearance activity of @entity12671 in vivo. In vivo challenge experiments showed that the recombinant rLvgalectin protein can significantly reduce the mortalities of @entity12671 injection. Furthermore, Compared to their wild-type counterparts, Lvgalectin-silenced shrimp exhibited increased mortality and hemocyte apoptosis, decreased bacterial clearance ability and total hemocyte counts, and stronger expression of Lvp53, LvproPO, LvPEN3, and LvCrustin following @entity12671 challenge. Taken together, these results suggest that galectin is important in the innate immune response of shrimp to pathogens infection.

title: Molecular cloning, expression of a galectin gene in XXXX @entity11320 and the antibacterial activity of its recombinant protein.

entities_list: @entity10056 :: ('4922', 'Species') :: ['Pichia pastoris', 'P. pastoris']

entities_list: @entity12671 :: ('663', 'Species') :: ['V. alginolyticus']

entities_list: @entity11320 :: ('6689', 'Species') :: ['Pacific white shrimp', 'L. vannamei']

answer: @entity11320 :: (6689,Species) :: ['Pacific white shrimp']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Galectins play crucial roles in innate immune responses in invertebrate by recognizing and eliminating microinvaders. In this study, a cDNA encoding a galectin in the @entity11320 ( @entity11320 ) was identified and characterized. A recombinant variant of this lectin, rLvgalectin, was expressed in the model organism @entity10056 and its expression was confirmed by Western blot. Biochemical assays indicated that the recombinant protein antibacterial rLvgalectin activity and was expressed in all of the organism's tested tissues Injection of the bacterium @entity12671 into @entity11320 induced hemocytes upregulation of Lvgalectin. The recombinant Lvgalectin protein (rLvgalectin) could bind various microorganism including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and @entity375 . And it revealed antimicrobial activity against the test Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, but did not inhibit the growth of fungus @entity10056 . Moreover, rLvgalectin could significantly enhance the clearance activity of @entity12671 in vivo. In vivo challenge experiments showed that the recombinant rLvgalectin protein can significantly reduce the mortalities of @entity12671 injection. Furthermore, Compared to their wild-type counterparts, Lvgalectin-silenced shrimp exhibited increased mortality and hemocyte apoptosis, decreased bacterial clearance ability and total hemocyte counts, and stronger expression of Lvp53, LvproPO, LvPEN3, and LvCrustin following @entity12671 challenge. Taken together, these results suggest that galectin is important in the innate immune response of shrimp to pathogens infection.

title: Molecular cloning, expression of a galectin gene in @entity11320 XXXX and the antibacterial activity of its recombinant protein.

answer: @entity11320 :: (6689,Species) :: ['Litopenaeus vannamei']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Compare the safety and effectiveness of continuation antidepressant versus mood stabilizer monotherapy for preventing @entity308 in @entity162 . METHODS: Subjects >= 18 years old with @entity162 (n=129) were randomized to double-blind @entity906 or @entity1091 monotherapy for 12 weeks. Responders with a >= 50% reduction in @entity308 score were continued for an additional 6 months of relapse-prevention monotherapy. Primary outcome was @entity308 during continuation monotherapy. Secondary outcomes included sustained response rate from initiation of treatment to study end-point, relapse hazard, time to relapse, change in @entity162 ratings, and frequency of treatment-emergent sub-syndromal hypomania and/or @entity308 episodes. RESULTS: @entity906 produced greater sustained response rate versus @entity1091 (p<0.0001); however, there was no difference in relapse rate for @entity906 (7.5%) versus @entity1091 (26.7%) (p=0.079); relapse hazard (p=0.073), or time to relapse (p=0.090) between treatment conditions during continuation monotherapy. There were no group differences in @entity162 rating scores over time and no difference in frequency or duration of @entity2749 . There were more sub-syndromal @entity308 episodes during @entity1091 monotherapy (p=0.03). LIMITATIONS: Sample size was limited by the lower sustained response rate for @entity1091 versus @entity906 ; study was not specifically powered to detect differences in treatment-emergent hypomanic or @entity308 episodes between groups. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that continuation @entity906 monotherapy may provide similar prophylactic effectiveness relative to @entity1091 , with no difference in treatment-emergent hypomanic episodes and without the need for frequent serum @entity1091 level and metabolic monitoring. Larger, prospective trials are needed to confirm these observations.

title: Safety and effectiveness of continuation antidepressant versus mood stabilizer monotherapy for relapse-prevention of XXXX : A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, prospective study.

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar II disorder', 'bipolar II depression', 'mania']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive relapse', 'depression', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity2749 :: ('MESH:C580065', 'Disease') :: ['syndromal or sub-syndromal hypomanic episodes']

entities_list: @entity906 :: ('MESH:C047426', 'Chemical') :: ['Venlafaxine', 'venlafaxine']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar II depression']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and severity of visual function loss in female carriers of @entity8105 ( @entity8105 ). DESIGN: Case series. @entity1 : Two hundred seventy-six @entity8105 carriers with cross-sectional data (n  = 242) and longitudinal data (n  = 34; median follow-up, 16 years; follow-up range, 3-37 years). Half of the carriers were from @entity8099 - or @entity10289 -genotyped families. METHODS: Retrospective medical records review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuities, @entity227 , final dark adaptation thresholds, and full-field electroretinography (ERG) responses to 0.5-Hz and 30-Hz flashes. RESULTS: In genotyped families, 40% of carriers showed a baseline abnormality on at least 1 of 3 psychophysical tests. There was a wide range of function among carriers. For example, 3 of 121 (2%) genotyped carriers were @entity227 , some as young as 35 years. Visual fields were less affected than visual acuity. In all carriers, the average ERG amplitude to 30-Hz flashes was approximately 50% of normal, and the average exponential rate of amplitude loss over time was half that of @entity8105 males (3.7%/year vs. 7.4%/year, respectively). Among obligate carriers with affected fathers, sons, or both, 53 of 55 (96%) had abnormal baseline ERG results. Some carriers who initially had completely normal fundi in both eyes went on to experience moderately @entity227 , although not @entity1939 . Among carriers with @entity8099 mutations, those with mutations in @entity8099 , compared with those in exons 1-14, had worse final dark adaptation thresholds and lower 0.5-Hz and 30-Hz ERG amplitudes. CONCLUSIONS: Most carriers of @entity8105 had mildly or moderately reduced visual function but rarely became @entity1939 . In most cases, obligate carriers could be identified by ERG testing. Carriers of @entity8099 @entity8099 mutations tended to have worse visual function than carriers of @entity8099 exon 1 through 14 mutations. Because @entity8105 carrier ERG amplitudes and decay rates over time were on average half of those of affected @entity1 , these observations were consistent with the Lyon hypothesis of random X-inactivation.

title: Visual Function in Carriers of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field areas', 'legally blind because of poor visual acuity', 'decreased vision']

entities_list: @entity8105 :: ('MESH:C564481', 'Disease') :: ['XLRP', 'X-linked retinitis pigmentosa']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['legally blind', 'legal blindness']

answer: @entity8105 :: (MESH:C564481,Disease) :: ['X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa']


abstract: Functional @entity1142 is a common clinical complaint of @entity1 with unsatisfactory treatment outcome. We designed this study to evaluate the efficiency of a traditional herbal preparation (Lax-Asab) in treating chronic @entity1142 . In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, @entity1 with chronic @entity1142 (n  =  48) were randomly selected to receive either the Lax-Asab powder (n  =  24) or placebo (n  =  24) on alternative days for 4 weeks. The Lax-Asab powder contains equal amounts of Cassia angustifolia Vahl. ( xi   y   f  n xi   y  ), Mentha piperita L. ( h   ji  o b   h  ), Zingiber officinale Rosc. ( sh  ng ji  ng), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. ( g  n c  o). A total of 40 @entity1 completed the study. We determined the severity of @entity1142 based on defecation frequency (per week) and defecation difficulties. Of the total of 48 @entity1 who participated, 40 completed the trial [24 @entity1 (60%), mean age, 21.0      4.2 years; 16 @entity1 (40%), mean age, 20.1      4.3 years]. The mean of weekly defecation frequency increased in both groups; from 1.8      0.41 to 4.8      1.12 times in @entity1 who received Lax-Asab and from 1.7      0.44 to 2.2      0.61 times in @entity1 who received placebo. A time-treatment interaction showed that this increase was significantly higher in the intervention group. Defecation difficulties improved significantly more in @entity1 who received Lax-Asab than @entity1 who received placebo. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with regard to the side effects observed. This study confirms the efficacy and tolerability of an Iranian herbal preparation, Lax-Asab, in treating @entity1 with chronic functional @entity1142 .

title: Efficacy of an Iranian herbal preparation (Lax-Asab) in treating functional XXXX : A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity1142 :: (MESH:D003248,Disease) :: ['constipation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Highlighted the spectrum of @entity453 in asymptomatic population by Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) and developed a surrogation of expensive CTA to early detect @entity453 . METHODS: Three hundred and seven self-referred urban Han Chinese asymptomatic individuals underwent coronary CTA were consecutively enrolled. Total plaque score (TPS), Segment @entity850 score (SSS) and @entity453 severity (CADS) were used to measure and illustrate the spectrum of @entity731 burden by mapping their incidence and proportion onto coronary artery tree. Logistic regression model was further used to explore the association between lipid biomarkers and TPS (SSS) for developing a surrogation of CTA to early detect @entity453 . RESULTS: We found that the incidence of TPS, SSS and CADS were up to 71.34%, 68.08%, and 71.34%; and high-risk individuals reached up to 11.07%, 15.31% and 16.29% respectively. All TPS, SSS and CADS were much higher in male than female, and have trend of increasing with age. The most lesion segment emerged on proximal @entity3980 , followed by proximal RCA, mid @entity3980 , proximal LCX, and mid RCA with mixed plaque as dominant. HDL-C was a predictor to both TPS [OR: 0.12 (0.02-0.82)] and SSS [OR: 0.15 (0.03-0.76)], and could identify the serious @entity731 subjects of TPS or SSS score >5 (AUC 0.73 and 0.70). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity731 plaque burden was about one in ten as high-risk individuals in this specific urban Han Chinese population. As potential surrogation of CTA, HDL-C was recognized as a significant predictor to @entity731 burden and revealed a good performance for identifying high-risk individuals.

title: Insight into the Spectrum of XXXX in Asymptomatic Urban Han Chinese Population by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography.

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary Artery Disease', 'coronary atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['Coronary Atherosclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Trauma Specific (AAQ- @entity1950 ) is a self-report measure designed to assess- @entity130 -related psychological (in)flexibility, as conceptualized in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. However, there are no studies to date regarding its psychometric properties. This study explores such properties in the Portuguese version of the AAQ- @entity1950 , in Portuguese Colonial War Veterans. METHOD: A Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was conducted in a sample from the general population of war Veterans (N=371). Confirmatory Factor Analysis ( @entity3795 ) as well as reliability and convergent validity studies were performed in a different sample from the same population (N=312). For the discriminant validity a clinical sample with a war-related @entity1005 (N=42) and a non-clinical sample without @entity1005 (N=44) were used. RESULTS: The @entity3795 suggested a re-specified 15-item model with good global adjustment and factorial validity. The AAQ- @entity1950 showed internal consistency, a good temporal reliability, convergent validity with psychopathological symptoms (related to @entity1005 , @entity148 , @entity308 and stress) and peritraumatic dissociation (altered awareness and depersonalization/derealization). The questionnaire also discriminates between war Veterans with and without a @entity1005 diagnosis. LIMITATIONS: The major limitation relates to the samples' characteristics and sampling methods, which can limit the generalization of results. CONCLUSION: The Portuguese version of the AAQ- @entity1950 is a reliable and valid measure to assess experiential avoidance related to @entity130 in Portuguese Colonial War Veterans.

title: Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Trauma Specific (AAQ- XXXX ): A study with Portuguese Colonial War Veterans.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity1950 :: (MESH:C536962,Disease) :: ['TS']


abstract: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the gold standard in evaluation of the biliary tree for @entity2877 . Formal indications for magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in suspected @entity2877 are lacking. Our objective was to determine if MRCP affects management of @entity1 who otherwise would undergo ERCP. A review was conducted of all MRCPs and ERCPs at our institution from 2008 to 2012 with suspected @entity2877 . @entity1 who underwent MRCP and ERCP were compared with those who underwent ERCP alone. Demographic data were collected and notation of whether a post-MRCP ERCP occurred was the primary variable. MRCP was performed in 107 @entity1 for @entity2877 . Eighty-eight @entity1 were negative for @entity2877 (82%) and 76 were discharged without ERCP (71%). Thirty-one @entity1 received a diagnosis of @entity2877 and were referred for ERCP. Of the 19 @entity1 with MRCP-diagnosed common bile duct stones, 95 per cent were confirmed by ERCP (odds ratio 18.0, P < 0.05; agreement 77%, sensitivity 0.76, specificity 0.86, positive predictive value 0.95, negative predictive value 0.50). Length of stay was similar for all groups. A total of 131 @entity1 underwent ERCP without a preprocedural MRCP. @entity2877 was found in 116 @entity1 (92%), whereas 12 @entity1 (9%) had no common bile duct stones and three had an alternate diagnosis. In conclusion, MRCP significantly affected the management of @entity1 who would have undergone ERCP. MRCP did not increase length of stay and contributed to the 95 per cent positivity rate of subsequent ERCPs. These data illustrate the utility of MRCP in suspected @entity2877 @entity1 at a low cost with regard to risk and time.

title: The Role of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography in the Diagnosis of XXXX : Do Benefits Outweigh the Costs?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity2877 :: ('MESH:D042883', 'Disease') :: ['Choledocholithiasis', 'choledocholithiasis']

answer: @entity2877 :: (MESH:D042883,Disease) :: ['Choledocholithiasis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity23838 ( @entity23838 ) are promising vehicles for delivery of a variety of medicinal compounds, including antigens and cytokines. It has also been established that @entity23838 are able to deliver cDNA to host cells. To increase the efficiency of @entity23838 -driven DNA delivery we have constructed @entity1336 strains targeting DEC-205, which is a receptor located at the surface of dendritic cells (DCs). The purpose was to increase uptake of bacterial cells, which could lead to improved cDNA delivery to immune cells. RESULTS: Anti-DEC-205 antibody (aDec) was displayed at the surface of @entity1336 using three different anchoring strategies: (1) covalent anchoring of aDec to the cell membrane (Lipobox domain, Lip); (2) covalent anchoring to the cell wall (LPXTG domain, CWA); (3) non-covalent anchoring to the cell wall (LysM domain, LysM). aDec was successfully expressed in all three strains, but surface location of the antibody could only be demonstrated for the two strains with cell wall anchors (CWA and LysM). Co-incubation of the engineered strains and DCs showed increased uptake when anchoring aDec using the CWA or LysM anchors. In a competition assay, free anti-DEC abolished the increased uptake, showing that the internalization is due to specific interactions between the DEC-205 receptor and aDec. To test plasmid transfer, a plasmid for expression of GFP under control of an eukaryotic promoter was transformed into the aDec expressing strains and GFP expression in DCs was indeed increased when using the strains producing cell-wall anchored aDec. Plasmid transfer to DCs in the gastro intestinal tract was also detected using a @entity19 model. Surprisingly, in @entity19 the highest expression of GFP was observed for the strain in which aDec was coupled to the cell membrane. CONCLUSION: The results show that surface expression of aDec leads to increased internalization of @entity1336 and plasmid transfer in DCs and that efficiency depends on the type of anchor used. Interestingly, in vitro data indicates that cell wall anchoring is more effective, whereas in vivo data seem to indicate that anchoring to the cell membrane is preferable. It is likely that the more embedded localization of aDec in the latter case is favorable when cells are exposed to the harsh conditions of the gastro-intestinal tract.

title: Surface display of an anti-DEC-205 single chain Fv fragment in XXXX increases internalization and plasmid transfer to dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo.

entities_list: @entity1336 :: ('1590', 'Species') :: ['L. plantarum', 'Lactobacillus plantarum']

entities_list: @entity23838 :: ('MESH:C565446', 'Disease') :: ['Lactic acid bacteria', 'LAB']

answer: @entity1336 :: (1590,Species) :: ['Lactobacillus plantarum']


abstract: @entity272 ( @entity272 ) was used in the treatment of 33 @entity1 with @entity706 and 13 @entity1 with @entity1778 involving extensive segments of the skin surface. Twenty-two of 23 had @entity272 as a primary manifestation of @entity706 (primary @entity706 ) and 11 developed @entity75 following disseminated @entity706 (secondary cutaneous @entity706 ). A once weekly fractionation scheme was employed to irradiate the entire skin surface with 3.5 to 4 MeV electron beam from a 6 MeV linear accelerator. During each weekly session, 400 rad were delivered to the entire skin and a complete course consisted of 4-6 consecutive weekly sessions. The majority of @entity1 have been previously treated elsewhere for various periods and all @entity1 have been at risk for a median of 12 months, range from 12-117 months following @entity272 . Striking predominance of the diffuse pattern (76%) was demonstrated in both the @entity4269 and SCL. There was extracutaneous involvement in 63% (13/22) of the @entity4269 , nodal or visceral at onset of @entity272 ; median follow-up was 24 months, range 6-117 months; 20/22 (90%) of all @entity1 obtained prompt relief of symptoms and complete regression of @entity75 . Duration of cutaneous remission ranged from 6-96 months, median 18 months; in general, duration was adversely influenced by the presence of visceral involvement at onset of @entity272 . Although cutaneous response among the @entity1 with SCL and @entity1778 was equally good, many of these @entity1 were treated for palliation because of rapid progression of their disease. Once weekly treatments were highly effective, well-tolerated and no untoward immediate or late effects have been noted in the bone marrow or normal skin irradiated.

title: @entity272 for @entity706 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'nodal lymphoma', 'cutaneous lymphoma--PCL', 'lymphoma--SCL']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous lesions']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions', 'TSEB', 'Total skin electron beam therapy']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemias']


abstract: @entity272 ( @entity272 ) was used in the treatment of 33 @entity1 with @entity706 and 13 @entity1 with @entity1778 involving extensive segments of the skin surface. Twenty-two of 23 had @entity272 as a primary manifestation of @entity706 (primary @entity706 ) and 11 developed @entity75 following disseminated @entity706 (secondary cutaneous @entity706 ). A once weekly fractionation scheme was employed to irradiate the entire skin surface with 3.5 to 4 MeV electron beam from a 6 MeV linear accelerator. During each weekly session, 400 rad were delivered to the entire skin and a complete course consisted of 4-6 consecutive weekly sessions. The majority of @entity1 have been previously treated elsewhere for various periods and all @entity1 have been at risk for a median of 12 months, range from 12-117 months following @entity272 . Striking predominance of the diffuse pattern (76%) was demonstrated in both the @entity4269 and SCL. There was extracutaneous involvement in 63% (13/22) of the @entity4269 , nodal or visceral at onset of @entity272 ; median follow-up was 24 months, range 6-117 months; 20/22 (90%) of all @entity1 obtained prompt relief of symptoms and complete regression of @entity75 . Duration of cutaneous remission ranged from 6-96 months, median 18 months; in general, duration was adversely influenced by the presence of visceral involvement at onset of @entity272 . Although cutaneous response among the @entity1 with SCL and @entity1778 was equally good, many of these @entity1 were treated for palliation because of rapid progression of their disease. Once weekly treatments were highly effective, well-tolerated and no untoward immediate or late effects have been noted in the bone marrow or normal skin irradiated.

title: @entity272 for XXXX and @entity1778 .

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['cutaneous lymphomas']


abstract: @entity272 ( @entity272 ) was used in the treatment of 33 @entity1 with @entity706 and 13 @entity1 with @entity1778 involving extensive segments of the skin surface. Twenty-two of 23 had @entity272 as a primary manifestation of @entity706 (primary @entity706 ) and 11 developed @entity75 following disseminated @entity706 (secondary cutaneous @entity706 ). A once weekly fractionation scheme was employed to irradiate the entire skin surface with 3.5 to 4 MeV electron beam from a 6 MeV linear accelerator. During each weekly session, 400 rad were delivered to the entire skin and a complete course consisted of 4-6 consecutive weekly sessions. The majority of @entity1 have been previously treated elsewhere for various periods and all @entity1 have been at risk for a median of 12 months, range from 12-117 months following @entity272 . Striking predominance of the diffuse pattern (76%) was demonstrated in both the @entity4269 and SCL. There was extracutaneous involvement in 63% (13/22) of the @entity4269 , nodal or visceral at onset of @entity272 ; median follow-up was 24 months, range 6-117 months; 20/22 (90%) of all @entity1 obtained prompt relief of symptoms and complete regression of @entity75 . Duration of cutaneous remission ranged from 6-96 months, median 18 months; in general, duration was adversely influenced by the presence of visceral involvement at onset of @entity272 . Although cutaneous response among the @entity1 with SCL and @entity1778 was equally good, many of these @entity1 were treated for palliation because of rapid progression of their disease. Once weekly treatments were highly effective, well-tolerated and no untoward immediate or late effects have been noted in the bone marrow or normal skin irradiated.

title: XXXX for @entity706 and @entity1778 .

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['Total skin electron beam therapy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The study analyses the performances of FRAX algorithm and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) tool in relationship to the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) categorization to identify @entity1 at risk of @entity170 during menopause and to reach new thresholds for recommending the first DXA examination. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. @entity1 AND MEASUREMENTS: Two hundred eighty-two postmenopausal @entity1 filled out a questionnaire which determined their FRAX index and performed a bone evaluation by QUS of the calcaneus to determine their stiffness index (SI). Thereafter, they underwent assessments by the gold-standard DXA bone examination. RESULTS: Statistically significant correlations were observed between FRAX (calculated without @entity1555 ) and both QUS and DXA diagnosis. FRAX mean indices of risk corresponding to the diagnosis of @entity170 by QUS and DXA were similar. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that both FRAX and QUS tests were sufficiently accurate in predicting the alteration of bone mineral composition. The ROC curves of QUS allowed us to identify, in our population, SI cutoff for normal @entity1 (SI  >  90.5) and for @entity1 having @entity170 (SI  <  78.5). We selected a cutoff screening value from FRAX ROC curve for major clinical @entity174 (2.94). The following diagnostic algorithm demonstrated that the use of FRAX test alone has a sensitivity of 85.3  % and a specificity of 33.8  % while the use of QUS exam alone showed a sensitivity of 81.3  % and a specificity of 45.1  %. When considering the capacity of QUS exam in combination with FRAX test, the final algorithm showed a sensitivity of 69.4  % and a specificity of 57.7  %. CONCLUSIONS: The use of QUS test with adjusted cutoffs offers a similar performance to the FRAX test alone in terms of sensitivity. The combined use of the tests reduces the sensibility but increases the specificity and adds clinical information related to the bone status of the @entity1 .

title: A non-invasive prevention program model for the assessment of XXXX in the early postmenopausal period: a pilot study on FRAX(  ) and QUS tools advantages.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors affecting @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), cause-specific survival (CSS), progression-free survival (PFS), and survival among @entity1 undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for stage-1 @entity4797 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 1997 and May 2013, 68 @entity1 diagnosed with stage-1 @entity4797 were retrospectively evaluated. The median age was 39 (24-74) years. All @entity1 received adjuvant RT after inguinal orchiectomy. Fifty-eight (85.3%) @entity1 received paraaortic RT; 10 (14.7%) received @entity235 -leg field RT. The median RT dose was 23.4 (23.4-30.6) Gy. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 77.5 (6.7-198.5) months. During the follow-up period, two @entity1 developed distant @entity3 , and none developed local recurrence. Two @entity1 died from @entity4797 , and three died for other reasons. The 5, 10, and 15-year @entity1349 rates were 94.7%, 89.6%, and 89.6%, respectively. The 5, 10, and 15-year CSS rates were 98.5%, 96%, and 96%, respectively. The 5, 10, and 15-year PFS rate was 96.1%. The univariate analysis showed that only histological subtype was significant for @entity1349 . The 10-year survival rate was 100% among @entity1 with @entity4797 histology, 90.8% among @entity1 with a classic @entity4797 histology, and 50% among @entity1 with an @entity4797 histology (P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis showed that the @entity4797 was a negative prognostic indicator for @entity1349 (P = 0.042). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant RT resulted in excellent long-term survival and local control in @entity1 with stage-1 @entity4797 after orchiectomy. During a short follow-up, secondary malignancy (SM) and late @entity65 were not observed. Despite those results, concern of SM and late @entity65 remains.

title: Adjuvant radiotherapy in stage 1 XXXX : Evaluation of prognostic factors and results of survival.

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic seminoma', 'seminoma']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular morbidity']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['seminoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of @entity5 involves Whipple surgery, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Postoperative radiotherapy is particularly useful in managing high-risk @entity1 ( @entity5 involving the pancreas, poorly differentiated histology, involved lymph nodes and positive margins). Here, we review our results of treatment of 84 @entity1 treated by surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 84 @entity1 of @entity5 treated in our department between January 2007 and December 2012 was carried out. All @entity1 underwent Whipples surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy 45-50 Gy/25-28 number in those presenting with high-risk features. Radiotherapy was delivered using three-dimensional conformal technique with 6 MV photons using three field treatment plans. Chemotherapy was given for 6 cycles using @entity136 and @entity901 regimen repeated 2 weekly. RESULTS: Eighty four postoperative @entity1 with high-risk features were available for the final analysis. There were 69 males and 15 female @entity1 . There were 34.5% stage I, 57.1% stage II and 8.3% stage III @entity1 . At end of adjuvant treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy 70% @entity1 had a complete response, 7.5% had @entity66 , 15% showed @entity74 , 5% were dead and 2.5% defaulted the treatment. The mean number of chemotherapy cycles received was 2.6. At 1 year follow-up the probability of disease free survival was 80% for node-negative @entity1 versus 73% for node-positive disease (P = 0.27). @entity1 with stage up to IIA had a 1 year disease free survival of 83% versus 40% for @entity1 with stage beyond IIA (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed a trend favoring lymph node negative status with disease free survival. With computed tomography based planning, adequate delineation of draining nodes is possible, and @entity137 has significantly decreased. Adequate coverage of nodal basins during radiotherapy planning is important, and stage of the disease seems to be an important prognostic factor.

title: Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in XXXX - Where does it stand with conformal radiotherapy: A single institution experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['radiation toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['periampullary cancer', 'periampullary cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['periampullary cancers']


abstract: ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: Emerging adults, or those between ages 18 and 25, are at increased risk for mental health problems as they transition into adult roles and relationships. These risks are magnified when a parent has suffered with @entity308 during that emerging adult's upbringing. Studies examining @entity1 of @entity308 parents tend to focus on samples under the age of 18 when @entity1 have yet to develop abstract thinking (e.g. improved reasoning skills, greater understanding of life experiences) and have had less time to reflect on their own experience. It has been difficult to decipher the most important elements experienced by these @entity1 and the impact on emerging adult outcomes and most studies lack theory guiding the work. Some evidence suggests that they encounter a form of loss. This study is unique in that the retrospective experience of emerging adults who grew up with a @entity308 parent was examined using variables based on propositions from Ambiguous Loss Theory and the impact on current psychosocial well-being. ABSTRACT: A parent who is @entity308 is physically present, but may be psychologically absent, or different to their @entity1 . Changes in the parent- @entity1 relationship, feelings of loss, and increased stress can occur for the @entity1 . These factors can impair psychosocial well-being throughout the @entity1 's upbringing, and the effects might impact that @entity1 the most in their transition to adulthood. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine factors experienced while growing up with a @entity308 parent that might contribute to the current psychosocial well-being of emerging adults (individuals between the ages of 18 and 25) using ambiguous loss theory as a theoretical lens. A cross-sectional, correlational design with multiple regression analysis was used to examine relationships between emerging adults' (n = 120) perceptions of retrospective duration and understanding of parent's @entity308 , caregiving, stress, social support, hope, and boundary ambiguity and current psychosocial well-being. Experiencing hope, stress, and then the length of parent's @entity308 during their upbringing were the most predictive variables for emerging adult psychosocial well-being. Findings from this study will help mental health professionals better understand factors contributing to outcomes for this population. The knowledge to be gained is important for developing or refining age and developmentally appropriate interventions aimed at improving outcomes of adult @entity1 of @entity308 parents.

title: A cross-sectional survey of the effect on emerging adults living with a XXXX parent.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressed']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about @entity2513 @entity1 ' ability to adhere to behavioural interventions promoting a change in diet and physical activity. This review aimed to examine health behaviour intervention programmes promoting change in diet and/or physical activity in @entity652 @entity1 and characterise interventions to which this @entity1 group are most likely to adhere. METHODS: Searches of eight databases were restricted to English language publications 2000-2014. Reference lists of relevant articles were also reviewed. All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of diet and physical activity interventions in @entity2513 @entity1 were included. Eligibility and quality were assessed and data were extracted by two reviewers. Data extraction comprised type, intensity, provider, mode and location of delivery of the intervention and data to enable calculation of four adherence outcomes. Data were subject to narrative analysis. RESULTS: Five RCTs with a total of 1932 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. Adherence to the goals of the intervention ranged from 18 to 86  % for diet and 13 to 47  % for physical activity. Diet interventions achieving   >=    50  % adherence to the goals of the intervention were clinic based, grounded in cognitive theory, delivered one to one and encouraged social support. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this review indicate that behavioural interventions can encourage @entity2513 @entity1 to improve their diet. This review was not however able to clearly characterise effective interventions promoting increased physical activity in this @entity1 group. Further research is required to establish effective interventions to promote adherence to physical activity in this population.

title: Enhancing adherence in trials promoting change in diet and physical activity in individuals with a diagnosis of XXXX ; a systematic review of behavioural intervention approaches.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenoma']

answer: @entity2513 :: (MESH:C563365,Disease) :: ['colorectal adenoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines is frequently associated with severe clinical manifestations in @entity1 infected with @entity778 . Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved small non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in different inflammatory conditions. METHODS: We studied the circulating and miRNA profiles in @entity3124 A/H1N1 @entity1 , A/H1N1 @entity1 with milder disease, asymptomatic housemates and healthy controls. Cytokine, chemokine and growth factors that were potential targets of differentially expressed miRNAs were assessed. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and interactome analysis of these miRNAs were also performed. RESULTS: @entity3124 @entity1 exhibited a significant over-expression of circulating @entity6529 (p<0.005) when compared to @entity1 with milder disease. @entity22869 , @entity3373 and @entity25692 were differentially expressed in @entity1 with severe A/H1N1 disease whereas @entity10018 , @entity10013 and @entity10074 were downregulated in individuals exposed to the A/H1N1 virus. Significant correlations (p<0.05) between circulating levels of @entity6529 with @entity1193 , @entity1199 , @entity650 , @entity687 , @entity379 , @entity371 and @entity1261 were detected, particularly in @entity3124 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The up-regulation of @entity6529 is associated with poorer outcomes of A/H1N1 infection. The differential expression of miRNAs related with immune processes in severe A/H1N1 disease supports the potential role of these miRNAs as biomarkers of disease progression.

title: Circulating levels of XXXX are associated with poorer outcomes of A/H1N1 infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A/H1N1 virus']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['Critically ill', 'critically ill']

answer: @entity6529 :: (406942,Gene) :: ['miR-150']


abstract: RATIONALE: Allogeneic mesenchymal precursor cells (MPCs) have been effective in large animal models of @entity63 and non- @entity63 @entity712 ( @entity712 ). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of 3 doses (25, 75, or 150 million [M] cells) of immunoselected allogeneic MPCs in chronic @entity712 @entity1 in a phase 2 trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: We sequentially allocated 60 @entity1 to a dosing cohort (20 per dose-group) and randomized them to transendocardial MPC injections (n=15) or mock procedures (n=5). The primary objective was safety, including antibody testing. Secondary efficacy endpoints included major adverse @entity299 (MACE; @entity204 , @entity583 , or revascularization), left ventricular imaging, and other clinical-event surrogates. Safety and MACE were evaluated for up to 3 years. MPC injections were feasible and safe. Adverse events were similar across groups. No clinically symptomatic immune responses were noted. MACE was seen in 15 @entity1 : 10/45 (22%) MPC-treated and 5/15 (33%) control @entity1 . We found no differences between MPC-treated and control @entity1 in survival probability, MACE-free probability, and all-cause mortality. We conducted a post-hoc analysis of @entity712 -related MACE ( @entity712 hospitalization, successfully resuscitated @entity204 , or @entity204 ); events were significantly reduced in the 150M group (0/15) versus control (5/15;33%), 25M (3/15;20%), and 75M (6/15;40%); the 150M group differed significantly from all groups according to Kaplan-Meyer statistics over 3 years (P=0.025 for 150M vs control). CONCLUSIONS: Transendocardial injections of allogeneic MPCs were feasible and safe in chronic @entity712 @entity1 . High-dose allogeneic MPCs may provide benefits in this population.

title: A Phase II Dose-Escalation Study of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Precursor Cells in @entity1 With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Ischemic or Non-Ischemic Heart Failure']


abstract: RATIONALE: Allogeneic mesenchymal precursor cells (MPCs) have been effective in large animal models of @entity63 and non- @entity63 @entity712 ( @entity712 ). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of 3 doses (25, 75, or 150 million [M] cells) of immunoselected allogeneic MPCs in chronic @entity712 @entity1 in a phase 2 trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: We sequentially allocated 60 @entity1 to a dosing cohort (20 per dose-group) and randomized them to transendocardial MPC injections (n=15) or mock procedures (n=5). The primary objective was safety, including antibody testing. Secondary efficacy endpoints included major adverse @entity299 (MACE; @entity204 , @entity583 , or revascularization), left ventricular imaging, and other clinical-event surrogates. Safety and MACE were evaluated for up to 3 years. MPC injections were feasible and safe. Adverse events were similar across groups. No clinically symptomatic immune responses were noted. MACE was seen in 15 @entity1 : 10/45 (22%) MPC-treated and 5/15 (33%) control @entity1 . We found no differences between MPC-treated and control @entity1 in survival probability, MACE-free probability, and all-cause mortality. We conducted a post-hoc analysis of @entity712 -related MACE ( @entity712 hospitalization, successfully resuscitated @entity204 , or @entity204 ); events were significantly reduced in the 150M group (0/15) versus control (5/15;33%), 25M (3/15;20%), and 75M (6/15;40%); the 150M group differed significantly from all groups according to Kaplan-Meyer statistics over 3 years (P=0.025 for 150M vs control). CONCLUSIONS: Transendocardial injections of allogeneic MPCs were feasible and safe in chronic @entity712 @entity1 . High-dose allogeneic MPCs may provide benefits in this population.

title: A Phase II Dose-Escalation Study of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Precursor Cells in XXXX With @entity63 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity146 is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in @entity5157 . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of @entity146 is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 @entity5157 per hives from five @entity10281 and three @entity110 . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in @entity5157 @entity146 . The genes identified, and especially their location in the @entity5157 genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the @entity146 described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or @entity4334 binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the @entity146 . Our results show that @entity146 relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.

title: Differential gene expression between @entity10281 and non- @entity10281 XXXX ( @entity5157 L.) hives.

entities_list: @entity5157 :: ('7460', 'Species') :: ['honeybee', 'Apis mellifera', 'honeybees']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['hygienic behavior', 'Hygienic behavior']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['non-hygienic hives']

answer: @entity5157 :: (7460,Species) :: ['honeybee']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity146 is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in @entity5157 . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of @entity146 is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 @entity5157 per hives from five @entity10281 and three @entity110 . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in @entity5157 @entity146 . The genes identified, and especially their location in the @entity5157 genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the @entity146 described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or @entity4334 binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the @entity146 . Our results show that @entity146 relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.

title: Differential gene expression between @entity10281 and non- @entity10281 @entity5157 ( XXXX L.) hives.

answer: @entity5157 :: (7460,Species) :: ['Apis mellifera']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity146 is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in @entity5157 . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of @entity146 is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 @entity5157 per hives from five @entity10281 and three @entity110 . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in @entity5157 @entity146 . The genes identified, and especially their location in the @entity5157 genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the @entity146 described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or @entity4334 binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the @entity146 . Our results show that @entity146 relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.

title: Differential gene expression between XXXX and non- @entity10281 @entity5157 ( @entity5157 L.) hives.

answer: @entity10281 :: (MESH:D020920,Disease) :: ['hygienic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity146 is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in @entity5157 . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of @entity146 is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 @entity5157 per hives from five @entity10281 and three @entity110 . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in @entity5157 @entity146 . The genes identified, and especially their location in the @entity5157 genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the @entity146 described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or @entity4334 binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit @entity146 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the @entity146 . Our results show that @entity146 relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.

title: Differential gene expression between @entity10281 and non- XXXX @entity5157 ( @entity5157 L.) hives.

answer: @entity10281 :: (MESH:D020920,Disease) :: ['hygienic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of statins on serum n-3 to n-6 @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) levels have not been fully evaluated. We examined the effects of two types of @entity6817 ( @entity8671 and @entity2452 ) on serum @entity5204 levels and their ratios in @entity1 with @entity2299 . FINDINGS: A total of 46 @entity1 who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5  mg/day of @entity8671 or 2  mg/day of @entity2452 . Serum @entity5204 levels were measured at baseline, at 4  weeks, and at 12  weeks. @entity8671 was used to treat 23 @entity1 , and the remaining 23 @entity1 were treated using @entity2452 . Serum @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) levels decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 169.6 to 136.3   g/mL, p   =   0.006; @entity2452 : from 188.6 to 153.9   g/mL, p   =   0.03). However, serum levels of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) and @entity1426 (AA) did not change. In addition, the @entity8393 /AA ratio did not change, whereas the @entity4601 /AA ratio decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 0.99 to 0.80, p   =   0.01; @entity2452 : from 1.14 to 0.91, p   =   0.003). No adverse events were observed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: In this small, open-label, pilot study, @entity8671 and @entity2452 decreased serum @entity4601 levels and the @entity4601 /AA ratio in @entity1 with @entity2299 .

title: @entity6817 treatment alters serum n-3 to n-6 XXXX ratio in @entity1 with @entity2299 .

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity8671 :: ('MESH:C422923', 'Chemical') :: ['rosuvastatin', 'Rosuvastatin']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity2452 :: ('MESH:C108475', 'Chemical') :: ['pitavastatin']

answer: @entity1474 :: (MESH:D005231,Chemical) :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of statins on serum n-3 to n-6 @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) levels have not been fully evaluated. We examined the effects of two types of @entity6817 ( @entity8671 and @entity2452 ) on serum @entity5204 levels and their ratios in @entity1 with @entity2299 . FINDINGS: A total of 46 @entity1 who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5  mg/day of @entity8671 or 2  mg/day of @entity2452 . Serum @entity5204 levels were measured at baseline, at 4  weeks, and at 12  weeks. @entity8671 was used to treat 23 @entity1 , and the remaining 23 @entity1 were treated using @entity2452 . Serum @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) levels decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 169.6 to 136.3   g/mL, p   =   0.006; @entity2452 : from 188.6 to 153.9   g/mL, p   =   0.03). However, serum levels of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) and @entity1426 (AA) did not change. In addition, the @entity8393 /AA ratio did not change, whereas the @entity4601 /AA ratio decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 0.99 to 0.80, p   =   0.01; @entity2452 : from 1.14 to 0.91, p   =   0.003). No adverse events were observed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: In this small, open-label, pilot study, @entity8671 and @entity2452 decreased serum @entity4601 levels and the @entity4601 /AA ratio in @entity1 with @entity2299 .

title: @entity6817 treatment alters serum n-3 to n-6 @entity1474 ratio in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity2299 :: (MESH:D050171,Disease) :: ['dyslipidemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of statins on serum n-3 to n-6 @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) levels have not been fully evaluated. We examined the effects of two types of @entity6817 ( @entity8671 and @entity2452 ) on serum @entity5204 levels and their ratios in @entity1 with @entity2299 . FINDINGS: A total of 46 @entity1 who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5  mg/day of @entity8671 or 2  mg/day of @entity2452 . Serum @entity5204 levels were measured at baseline, at 4  weeks, and at 12  weeks. @entity8671 was used to treat 23 @entity1 , and the remaining 23 @entity1 were treated using @entity2452 . Serum @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) levels decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 169.6 to 136.3   g/mL, p   =   0.006; @entity2452 : from 188.6 to 153.9   g/mL, p   =   0.03). However, serum levels of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) and @entity1426 (AA) did not change. In addition, the @entity8393 /AA ratio did not change, whereas the @entity4601 /AA ratio decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 0.99 to 0.80, p   =   0.01; @entity2452 : from 1.14 to 0.91, p   =   0.003). No adverse events were observed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: In this small, open-label, pilot study, @entity8671 and @entity2452 decreased serum @entity4601 levels and the @entity4601 /AA ratio in @entity1 with @entity2299 .

title: XXXX treatment alters serum n-3 to n-6 @entity1474 ratio in @entity1 with @entity2299 .

answer: @entity6817 :: (D019821,Chemical) :: ['Statin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of statins on serum n-3 to n-6 @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) levels have not been fully evaluated. We examined the effects of two types of @entity6817 ( @entity8671 and @entity2452 ) on serum @entity5204 levels and their ratios in @entity1 with @entity2299 . FINDINGS: A total of 46 @entity1 who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5  mg/day of @entity8671 or 2  mg/day of @entity2452 . Serum @entity5204 levels were measured at baseline, at 4  weeks, and at 12  weeks. @entity8671 was used to treat 23 @entity1 , and the remaining 23 @entity1 were treated using @entity2452 . Serum @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) levels decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 169.6 to 136.3   g/mL, p   =   0.006; @entity2452 : from 188.6 to 153.9   g/mL, p   =   0.03). However, serum levels of @entity7784 ( @entity8393 ) and @entity1426 (AA) did not change. In addition, the @entity8393 /AA ratio did not change, whereas the @entity4601 /AA ratio decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity8671 : from 0.99 to 0.80, p   =   0.01; @entity2452 : from 1.14 to 0.91, p   =   0.003). No adverse events were observed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: In this small, open-label, pilot study, @entity8671 and @entity2452 decreased serum @entity4601 levels and the @entity4601 /AA ratio in @entity1 with @entity2299 .

title: @entity6817 treatment alters serum n-3 to n-6 @entity1474 ratio in XXXX with @entity2299 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A Phase I Pilot Study combining interstitial or intracavitary irradiation using 192Ir or 137Cs and @entity221 in advanced or recurrent @entity5 is underway at the City of Hope National Medical Center. @entity221 is performed using 0.5 megahertz RF (500 kilohertz) radiofrequency localized current fields. In the implanted volume, a temperature of 41 degrees to 45 degrees C is maintained for 30 to 40 minutes. @entity221 is performed prior to irradiation in all @entity1 . All @entity1 had either failed previous conventional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, or had advanced @entity5 which were not felt to be controllable by conventional means. Sixteen lesions were implanted in 15 @entity1 . Of the 16 lesions, 11/16 (68%) achieved complete response, and three had no response or recurred locally. The six @entity1 (100%) receiving interstitial implant and @entity221 as the primary therapy achieved complete response. Normal tissue complications were minimal. Range of response was three to 13 months. Interstitial thermoradiotherapy appears to be a safe and promising mode of therapy in advanced or recurrent accessible @entity5 .

title: Interstitial implant with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial hyperthermia', 'hyperthermia', 'Hyperthermia']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['interstitial hyperthermia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In 1931, Simpson et  al. coined the @entity298 " to describe the regional spread of @entity43 as localized or extended with involvement of the peritoneal serous membrane and neighboring anatomical structures. Research into the origin of peritoneal @entity189 is based on two phases in a @entity1 's life: EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT: During week 3, the bilaminar disc becomes a trilaminar disc called the mesoderm. Inside the lateral plate mesoderm, the coelomic cavity is divided into 2 layers: the parietal (somatic) mesoderm, which gives rise to the parietal peritoneum and pleural surfaces; and the visceral (splanchnic) mesoderm, which gives rise to the visceral peritoneum, visceral surface of the pleura, @entity444 , and the muscular layer of the hollow viscera and its mesenteries. TUMOR SPREAD: Transcoelomic @entity3 and metaplasia of pluripotent stem cells in the peritoneum was involved in the pathogenesis of @entity43 . This involvement takes the form of a synchronous malignant transformation at multiple foci and may cause intraperitoneal field cancerization. Pluripotent stem cells play a role both in the development of the embryonic peritoneum and in the @entity5 . Consequently, knowledge of the origin of these cells (embryonic or current) could be extremely useful. The many markers that act during the embryonic period can affect descendants, that is, cells are already marked before specification and differentiation are activated. Thus, programmed activation could be attributed to genetic and epigenetic changes.

title: XXXX : A @entity5 with an embryological origin?

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumors', 'ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['spread of transcoelomic tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity444 :: ('MESH:D006059', 'Disease') :: ['gonadal stroma']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['term "peritoneal carcinomatosis']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['Peritoneal carcinomatosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In 1931, Simpson et  al. coined the @entity298 " to describe the regional spread of @entity43 as localized or extended with involvement of the peritoneal serous membrane and neighboring anatomical structures. Research into the origin of peritoneal @entity189 is based on two phases in a @entity1 's life: EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT: During week 3, the bilaminar disc becomes a trilaminar disc called the mesoderm. Inside the lateral plate mesoderm, the coelomic cavity is divided into 2 layers: the parietal (somatic) mesoderm, which gives rise to the parietal peritoneum and pleural surfaces; and the visceral (splanchnic) mesoderm, which gives rise to the visceral peritoneum, visceral surface of the pleura, @entity444 , and the muscular layer of the hollow viscera and its mesenteries. TUMOR SPREAD: Transcoelomic @entity3 and metaplasia of pluripotent stem cells in the peritoneum was involved in the pathogenesis of @entity43 . This involvement takes the form of a synchronous malignant transformation at multiple foci and may cause intraperitoneal field cancerization. Pluripotent stem cells play a role both in the development of the embryonic peritoneum and in the @entity5 . Consequently, knowledge of the origin of these cells (embryonic or current) could be extremely useful. The many markers that act during the embryonic period can affect descendants, that is, cells are already marked before specification and differentiation are activated. Thus, programmed activation could be attributed to genetic and epigenetic changes.

title: @entity298 : A XXXX with an embryological origin?

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the treatment of @entity4097 , complete @entity5 resection with complete reconstruction of the spine represents the ideal goal. However, for the treatment of heavily calcified @entity1653 , en-bloc resection of the @entity5 together with the involved dura at the @entity5 base through laminectomy is quite difficult. Conventional laminectomy is not wide enough to allow full exposure of such @entity5 , and postoperative dural defects can cause serious complications. CASE PRESENTATION: A 58-year-old Japanese @entity1 presented with a 3-month history of progressive @entity425 and @entity1183 of the lower extremities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography showed a calcified @entity4097 with dural tail sign at the T10-T11 level, severely compressing the spinal cord anterolaterally. The @entity1 underwent en-bloc resection of the @entity5 with the inner layer of the dura and preservation of the outer layer of the dura through recapping T-saw laminoplasty of T10-T11, including bilateral facet joints. The @entity5 was histologically diagnosed as @entity1653 . Postoperatively, the @entity1 achieved complete recovery of neurological functions. Bone union after laminoplasty was obtained within 6  months. Follow-up MRI at 5  years postoperatively demonstrated no recurrence of the @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Resection of @entity1653 with only the inner layer of dura can minimize @entity260 , including spinal fluid leakage. Recapping T-saw laminoplasty provides extensive exposure for @entity5 removal. The combination of these techniques may offer an ideal surgical option for complete resection of @entity1653 with complete preservation of the posterior spinal elements.

title: En-bloc resection of thoracic calcified XXXX with inner dural layer in recapping T-saw laminoplasty: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['spinal meningioma', 'meningioma']

entities_list: @entity4097 :: ('MESH:D013120', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord tumor', 'spinal cord tumors']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['meningioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the association of subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM) with visual acuity (VA), @entity10691 ( @entity10691 ), and scar in the Comparison of Age-Related @entity1020 Treatments Trials (CATT). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study within a randomized clinical trial. @entity1 : The 1185 CATT @entity1 . METHODS: Masked readers graded scar and @entity10691 on fundus photography and @entity941 angiography and graded SHRM on time-domain and spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) throughout 104 weeks. Measurements of SHRM height and width in the fovea, within the center 1 mm(2), or outside the center 1mm(2) were obtained on SD OCT images at 56 (n  = 76) and 104 (n  = 66) weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presence of SHRM, as well as location and size, and associations with VA, scar, and @entity10691 . RESULTS: Among CATT @entity1 , the percentage with SHRM at enrollment was 77%, decreasing to 68% at 4 weeks after treatment and to 54% at 104 weeks. At 104 weeks, scar was present more often in eyes with persistent SHRM than in eyes with SHRM that resolved (64% vs. 31%; P < 0.0001). Among eyes with detailed evaluation of SHRM at weeks 56 (n  = 76) and 104 (n  = 66), mean VA letter score was 73.5 ( @entity2246 [ @entity2246 ], 2.8), 73.1 ( @entity2246 , 3.4), 65.3 ( @entity2246 , 3.5), and 63.9 ( @entity2246 , 3.7) when SHRM was absent, present outside the central 1 mm(2), present within the central 1 mm(2) but not the foveal center, or present at the foveal center (P  = 0.02), respectively. When SHRM was present, the median maximum height under the fovea, within the central 1 mm(2) including the fovea and anywhere within the scan, was 86  m, 120  m, and 122  m, respectively. Visual acuity was decreased with greater SHRM height and width (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In eyes with neovascular @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ), SHRM is common and often persists after anti- @entity7 treatment. At 2 years, eyes with scar were more likely to have SHRM than other eyes. Greater SHRM dimensions were associated with worse VA. In eyes with @entity1020 , SHRM is an important morphologic biomarker.

title: Subretinal Hyperreflective Material in the Comparison of Age-Related XXXX Treatments Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity10691 :: ('MESH:D057092', 'Disease') :: ['GA', 'geographic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'Macular Degeneration', 'neovascular AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['standard error', 'SE']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['Macular Degeneration']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7965 is characterized by complement-mediated @entity2142 and an increased @entity715 risk. Eculizumab, an antibody to complement factor C5, reduces @entity715 risk via unknown mechanisms. Clinical observations suggest that eculizumab has an immediate effect. OBJECTIVES: A better understanding of the mechanism via which eculizumab reduces @entity715 risk by studying its pharmacodynamic effect on coagulation and fibrinolysis. METHODS: We measured microparticles (MP), tissue factor (TF) activity, prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), D-dimer and simultaneously thrombin and @entity1351 generation in 55 PNH @entity1 . In 20 @entity1 , parameters were compared before and during eculizumab treatment (at 1 and 2hours, 1, 4 and>= 12weeks after commencement). RESULTS: @entity1 with a history of @entity715 had elevated D-dimers (p=0.02) but not MP. Among patients on anticoagulants, those with @entity715 had higher F1+2 concentrations (p=0.003). TF activity was undetectable in plasma MP. Unexpectedly, thrombin peak height and thrombin potential were significantly lower in PNH @entity1 than in healthy controls. Fibrinolysis parameters were normal. During eculizumab treatment D-dimer levels significantly decreased after 1hour (p=0.008) and remained decreased at>= 12weeks (p=0.03). F1+2 (p=0.03) and thrombin peak height (p=0.02) in @entity1 not on anticoagulants significantly decreased at>= week 12. MP remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Eculizumab induces an immediate decrease of D-dimer levels but not of other markers. The decrease in thrombin peak height and F1+2 suggests that eculizumab reduces thrombin generation. Elevated D-dimer levels in untreated PNH @entity1 with a history of @entity715 suggest possible value in predicting @entity715 risk.

title: Alterations in markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis in @entity1 with XXXX before and during treatment with eculizumab.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7965 :: ('MESH:D006457', 'Disease') :: ['Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity7965 :: (MESH:D006457,Disease) :: ['Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7965 is characterized by complement-mediated @entity2142 and an increased @entity715 risk. Eculizumab, an antibody to complement factor C5, reduces @entity715 risk via unknown mechanisms. Clinical observations suggest that eculizumab has an immediate effect. OBJECTIVES: A better understanding of the mechanism via which eculizumab reduces @entity715 risk by studying its pharmacodynamic effect on coagulation and fibrinolysis. METHODS: We measured microparticles (MP), tissue factor (TF) activity, prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), D-dimer and simultaneously thrombin and @entity1351 generation in 55 PNH @entity1 . In 20 @entity1 , parameters were compared before and during eculizumab treatment (at 1 and 2hours, 1, 4 and>= 12weeks after commencement). RESULTS: @entity1 with a history of @entity715 had elevated D-dimers (p=0.02) but not MP. Among patients on anticoagulants, those with @entity715 had higher F1+2 concentrations (p=0.003). TF activity was undetectable in plasma MP. Unexpectedly, thrombin peak height and thrombin potential were significantly lower in PNH @entity1 than in healthy controls. Fibrinolysis parameters were normal. During eculizumab treatment D-dimer levels significantly decreased after 1hour (p=0.008) and remained decreased at>= 12weeks (p=0.03). F1+2 (p=0.03) and thrombin peak height (p=0.02) in @entity1 not on anticoagulants significantly decreased at>= week 12. MP remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Eculizumab induces an immediate decrease of D-dimer levels but not of other markers. The decrease in thrombin peak height and F1+2 suggests that eculizumab reduces thrombin generation. Elevated D-dimer levels in untreated PNH @entity1 with a history of @entity715 suggest possible value in predicting @entity715 risk.

title: Alterations in markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis in XXXX with @entity7965 before and during treatment with eculizumab.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical manifestations of subacute @entity4034 may lead to delayed diagnosis. Acetabular subacute @entity4034 is an uncommon disease. @entity3478 are usually suggested first. Diagnosis is often made based on radiological findings. We report on the case of a 9-year-old @entity1 who consulted at the emergency department because of limping and @entity158 in her left limb lasting 2 weeks. No @entity221 was reported. Physical examination found a clear, @entity158 . X-ray findings revealed a posterior loss of bone in the acetabular wall. MRI found a mild invasion of the periarticular hip joint and muscles. The surgical exploration of the hip found a collection in the posterior acetabular wall suggesting septic disease. Bacteriological and pathological exams confirmed acetabular subacute @entity4034 . Nine months after surgery, antibiotic therapy, and physiotherapy, the @entity1 was painless and the hip mobility showed near normal values with a reduction in external rotation and flexion. The aim of this case report is to review the characteristics of subacute @entity7195 , including therapeutic modalities, underlining surgical debridement as a rule for both diagnosis and treatment.

title: Management of subacute XXXX in a @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7195 :: ('OMIM:142700', 'Disease') :: ['acetabular osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['Bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful reduction in hip mobility', 'pain']

answer: @entity7195 :: (OMIM:142700,Disease) :: ['acetabular osteomyelitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical manifestations of subacute @entity4034 may lead to delayed diagnosis. Acetabular subacute @entity4034 is an uncommon disease. @entity3478 are usually suggested first. Diagnosis is often made based on radiological findings. We report on the case of a 9-year-old @entity1 who consulted at the emergency department because of limping and @entity158 in her left limb lasting 2 weeks. No @entity221 was reported. Physical examination found a clear, @entity158 . X-ray findings revealed a posterior loss of bone in the acetabular wall. MRI found a mild invasion of the periarticular hip joint and muscles. The surgical exploration of the hip found a collection in the posterior acetabular wall suggesting septic disease. Bacteriological and pathological exams confirmed acetabular subacute @entity4034 . Nine months after surgery, antibiotic therapy, and physiotherapy, the @entity1 was painless and the hip mobility showed near normal values with a reduction in external rotation and flexion. The aim of this case report is to review the characteristics of subacute @entity7195 , including therapeutic modalities, underlining surgical debridement as a rule for both diagnosis and treatment.

title: Management of subacute @entity7195 in a XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['child']


abstract: Eleven @entity1 with fibular malunion after @entity1171 healed with stiff, @entity158 and radiographic evidence of fibular malunion, @entity6877 of the ankle mortice, and talar tilt. Reconstruction was performed by mobilizing the fibula (by osteotomy or through the old @entity174 site), lengthening the fibula, and restoring the ankle mortice anatomically. The operation was done three months to three years after the initial @entity174 in @entity1 ranging in age from 26 to 52 years. The average follow-up period was 3.3 years. Radiographically, seven @entity1 had the ankle joint restored anatomically. Four @entity1 had residual talar tilt. On clinical assessment, eight @entity1 were rated as good, two fair and improving, and one poor resulting in fusion. Good functional results were maintained at long-term follow-up examination. The factors that determined the success of the revision were the duration of the malunion, the quality of the reduction achieved, and the condition of the articular cartilage at the time of revision. Late correction of the @entity1517 with @entity6877 of the ankle mortice is an effective means of salvaging function in a joint otherwise destined to be stiff and @entity158 .

title: Late revision of fibular malunion in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity1171 :: ('MESH:D064386', 'Disease') :: ['ankle fracture']

entities_list: @entity1517 :: ('MESH:D017759', 'Disease') :: ['malunited fibula']

entities_list: @entity6877 :: ('MESH:D046548', 'Disease') :: ['diastasis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful joints', 'painful']

answer: @entity1171 :: (MESH:D064386,Disease) :: ['ankle fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Thoracoscopic surgery has been increasingly utilized in treating pediatric @entity358 ( @entity358 ). Comparative studies evaluating 30-day outcomes between thoracoscopic and open resection of @entity358 are lacking. METHODS: There were 258 @entity1 identified in pediatric NSQIP with a @entity358 and pulmonary resection in 2012-2013. Comparisons of @entity1 characteristics and outcomes between surgical approaches were made using standard univariate statistics. In addition, a propensity score match was performed to evaluate outcomes in similar @entity1 cohorts. RESULTS: One-hundred twelve @entity1 (43.4%) received thoracoscopic resections and 146 @entity1 (56.6%) received open resections. @entity1 undergoing open resections were more likely to be less than 5months of age and have a comorbidity/preoperative condition (47.3% vs. 25.0%, p<0.001). The extent of resection was a lobectomy in 84.8% of thoracoscopic and 92.5% of open resection @entity1 . Median operative time was similar between both groups (thoracoscopic 172 vs. open 153.5minutes). On univariate analysis, thoracoscopic resection was associated with @entity260 (9.8% vs. 25.3%, p=0.001) and LOS (3 vs. 4days, p<0.001). However, after adjusting for similar @entity1 and operative characteristics, no significant differences were encountered between techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Thoracoscopic and open resection provide comparable 30-day outcomes and safety in the management of @entity358 .

title: Comparing 30-day outcomes between thoracoscopic and open approaches for resection of pediatric XXXX : Evidence from NSQIP.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['congenital lung malformations', 'CLM']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['decreased postoperative complications']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['congenital lung malformations']