abstract: We describe an instructive case of a 79-year-old @entity1 with a @entity574 and a second smaller @entity439 with an uncommon symptomatology. @entity574 (>2 cm diameter) are rare pathologic entities with a prevalence of 0.02%. They either can be @entity600 or are @entity731 in origin. Although spontaneous @entity397 of @entity574 has been reported, they generally remain silent or induce @entity741 . Our @entity1 , however, showed no signs of @entity296 but transient position-dependent pre- @entity1163 . The cardiologic work-up and the intraoperative considerations regarding @entity1 management are described. During surgery, manipulation of the @entity574 caused impairment of right ventricular function and regional wall @entity2845 , as assessed by transesophageal echocardiography. Venous cannulation of the right atrium was thus abandoned and extracorporeal circulation was established via the femoral vein. Subsequent dissection and surgical repair were uneventful and further recovery of the elderly @entity1 was uncomplicated. This case underlines that once the diagnosis is established, proper perioperative management enables successful surgical treatment even of @entity1 of advanced age.

title: Position dependent right ventricular dysfunction caused by a giant right XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial malperfusion']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinesia']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity574 :: ('MESH:D003323', 'Disease') :: ['giant coronary artery aneurysm', 'giant coronary artery aneurysms', 'giant coronary aneurysm', 'Giant coronary artery aneurysms']

answer: @entity574 :: (MESH:D003323,Disease) :: ['coronary artery aneurysm']


abstract: A rare case of @entity6446 associated with @entity816 at the right frontal lobe and @entity932 is reported in detail with a review of literature. A 24-year-old male who had diagnosed as multiple @entity83 at the age of 14 years old was admitted to the hospital with @entity892 . Neurological examination revealed no abnormality except for the @entity9175 . Multiple subcutaneous blue nodules in the left hand was carried for biopsy as @entity2477 . Craniograph showed expansive radiolucent area in the parasellar region. CT scan demonstrated a round shaped low density area in the right frontal lobe, part of which was iso-density and turned out to be enhanced following contrast infusion. Roentgenogram disclosed many well-demarcated radiolucent area in phalanges of the left hand and leg, and right leg and third rib. The frontal @entity5 was totally extirpated and was histologically fibrillary @entity816 . This is the ninth case of the @entity6446 associated with the primary @entity5 in the literature. It is emphasized that the @entity6446 is associated with a high incidence of @entity5 . And the reason for tendency to develop @entity5 is discussed.

title: [ XXXX associated with primary brain tumor: report of a case].

entities_list: @entity9175 :: ('MESH:C564661', 'Disease') :: ['left abducens palsy']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial chondroma']

entities_list: @entity83 :: ('MESH:D002812', 'Disease') :: ['chondroma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intracranial tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['complaint of double vision']

entities_list: @entity2477 :: ('MESH:D006392', 'Disease') :: ['cavernous hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity6446 :: ('MESH:D004687', 'Disease') :: ["Maffucci's syndrome"]

answer: @entity6446 :: (MESH:D004687,Disease) :: ['Maffucci's syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of intravenous @entity1363 dose on the duration of recovery room stay for @entity1 undergoing outpatient third molar surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a retrospective cohort study design, a sample of @entity1 undergoing outpatient third molar surgery under intravenous sedation at Mayo Clinic from 2010 to 2014 was identified. All @entity1 underwent extraction of all 4 third molars during a single operative procedure and the age range was limited to 14 to 29  years. The primary predictor variable was the total dose of intravenous @entity1363 administered during sedation. The primary outcome variable was recovery room length of stay  (LOS) after completion of surgery. Multiple covariates also abstracted included @entity1 age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, duration of surgical procedure, complexity of surgical procedure, types and dosages of all intravenous medications administered during sedation, and volume of crystalloid fluid administered perioperatively. Univariable and multivariable models were developed to evaluate associations between the primary predictor variable and covariates relative to the primary outcome variable. RESULTS: The study sample was composed of 2,610 @entity1 . Mean age was 18.3  years (SD, 3.0  yr; range, 14 to 29  yr) and gender distribution was 52% female. Mean dosage of @entity1363 administered was 4.1  mg (SD, 1.1  mg; range, 0.5 to 10.0  mg). Variables predicting shorter LOS at multivariable analysis included older age (P < .001), male gender (P  = .004), and administration of larger crystalloid fluid volumes (P  <  .001). Variables predicting longer LOS included higher ASA score (P < .001), administration of @entity3652 (P < .001), and administration of @entity6058 (P < .001). The dose of @entity1363 administered during sedation was not found to be significantly associated with prolonged recovery room LOS in univariable or multivariable settings. CONCLUSION: Dosage of intravenous @entity1363 does not appear to significantly impact the duration of recovery room stay in the prototypical @entity1 undergoing sedation for outpatient third molar surgery.

title: Does Intravenous XXXX Dose Influence the Duration of Recovery Room Stay Following Outpatient Third Molar Surgery?

entities_list: @entity6058 :: ('MESH:D020910', 'Chemical') :: ['ketorolac']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

answer: @entity1363 :: (MESH:D008874,Chemical) :: ['Midazolam']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1489 that originate in the external ear are common in individuals with type 1 skin and phenotype 1 and 2. The @entity1489 is associated with chronic or intermittent, but intense sunlight. The most common @entity5 is @entity1491 , followed by @entity957 and @entity320 . The diagnosis of @entity1544 in head and neck area is usually made in the advanced stages and has a poor prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, retrospective analysis was performed on the database of @entity1 with @entity1489 of the external ear treated between 2011 and 2014. Histology type, stage, rate of clinical and occult @entity3 , and rate of loco-regional recurrence were evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 42 @entity1 included there were, 25 @entity957 , 11 @entity1491 , and 6 invasive @entity320 . The rate of lymph node @entity3 in @entity1 with @entity957 was 32%, mostly in the parotid and peri-parotid region, 7% of them with capsular rupture, 2/17 were staged as cN0, and 11.7% had occult @entity3 . All @entity1 with nodal metastasis were classified as T2 with @entity1066 . None of the @entity1 with @entity1491 had lymph node @entity3 . All @entity320 were superficial extension type with mean level of Breslow of 3 mm. All underwent lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy, with only one having @entity3 in the sentinel node. CONCLUSION: The most frequent @entity5 in the external ear in this series was @entity957 . The possibility of lymph node @entity3 is associated with @entity5 size (T). Node dissection should be systematic in @entity1 with T2 or greater.

title: [Clinical characteristics of XXXX originating in the external ear].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumour', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['Skin tumours', 'skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanomas']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinomas', 'basal cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant tumours']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To review the characteristic ultrasound features of @entity6887 ( @entity6887 ) and its relationship to the clinical history in order to establish specific findings useful for the preoperative diagnosis. METHOD: An extensive review of the current literature was done on Medline via PubMed by using the following keywords: "primary @entity5 ", " @entity5 mass" and "ultrasound". RESULTS: @entity6887 corresponds to complex, sausage-shaped structures or @entity4134 . A thick and an irregular capsule are in favour of a @entity5 . Three-dimensional ultrasound is superior to 2D ultrasound for the detection of tubal wall irregularities such as papillary projections or pseudosepta who were suggestive of @entity5 and allows a better assessment of the extent of @entity5 infiltration through the capsule. Neovascularization with low resistance indices are typical of @entity5 . Three-dimensional power Doppler sonography acutely detected structural abnormalities of the @entity5 vessels which are randomly dispersed within the papillary projections. Intra-uterine collection and peritumoral fluid are often found but ascite could be also an indirect proof of peritoneal carcinosis. CONCLUSION: Sausage-shaped structures or @entity4134 associated with imaging findings such as papillary projections and neovascularization with low resistance indices are in favour of @entity6887 . A standardized terminology, high-frequency and 3D power Doppler could improve diagnostic performance by allowing a better assessment of tubal wall and chaotic vessels architecture of these @entity5 .

title: [Ultrasonographic features in the preoperative diagnosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lesion', 'adnexal malignancy', 'tumor', 'fallopian tube cancer", "tubal cancer', 'tubal malignancy', 'malignant tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity6887 :: ('MESH:D005185', 'Disease') :: ['primary fallopian tube carcinoma', 'PFTC']

entities_list: @entity4134 :: ('MESH:D000292', 'Disease') :: ['cystic adnexal masses']

answer: @entity6887 :: (MESH:D005185,Disease) :: ['primitive fallopian tube carcinoma']


abstract: @entity4210 is an intracellular rickettsial pathogen transmitted by Ixodes spp. ticks, which causes granulocytic anaplasmosis in @entity1 , @entity1641 and @entity235 and @entity221 ( @entity221 ) in ruminants. In the United States, @entity1 granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is highly prevalent while @entity221 has not been reported. However, in Europe the situation is the opposite, with high prevalence for @entity221 in @entity742 and low prevalence of HGA. The origin of these differences has not been identified and our hypothesis is that different A. phagocytophilum isolates impact differently on tick vector capacity through inhibition of apoptosis to establish @entity281 of the tick vector. In this study we used three different isolates of A. phagocytophilum of @entity1 , @entity235 and ovine origin to infect the Ixodes ricinus-derived cell line IRE/CTVM20 and the @entity3966 -derived cell line ISE6 in order to characterize the effect of @entity281 on the level of tick cell apoptosis. Inhibition of apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry as early as 24h post- @entity281 for both tick cell lines and all three isolates of A. phagocytophilum, suggesting that pathogen @entity281 inhibits apoptotic pathways to facilitate @entity281 independently of the origin of the A. phagocytophilum isolate and tick vector species. However, @entity281 with A. phagocytophilum isolates inhibited the intrinsic apoptosis pathway at different levels in @entity3966 and I. ricinus cells. These results suggested an impact of vector-pathogen co-evolution on the adaptation of A. phagocytophilum isolates to grow in tick cells as each isolate grew better in the tick cell line derived from its natural vector species. These results increase our understanding of the mechanisms of A. phagocytophilum @entity281 and multiplication and suggest that multiple mechanisms may affect disease prevalence in different geographical regions.

title: Infection of Ixodes spp. tick cells with different XXXX isolates induces the inhibition of apoptotic cell death.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity3966 :: ('6945', 'Species') :: ['I. scapularis', 'Ixodes scapularis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['tick-borne fever', 'TBF']

entities_list: @entity4210 :: ('948', 'Species') :: ['Anaplasma phagocytophilum']

answer: @entity4210 :: (948,Species) :: ['Anaplasma phagocytophilum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Retrospective and observational analyses suggest that occult lymph-node @entity3 are an important prognostic factor for disease recurrence or survival among @entity1 with @entity0 . Prospective data on clinical outcomes from randomized trials according to sentinel-node involvement have been lacking. METHODS: We randomly assigned @entity1 with @entity0 to sentinel-lymph-node biopsy plus axillary dissection or sentinel-lymph-node biopsy alone. @entity982 -embedded tissue blocks of sentinel lymph nodes obtained from @entity1 with pathologically negative sentinel lymph nodes were centrally evaluated for occult @entity3 deeper in the blocks. Both routine staining and immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin were used at two widely spaced additional tissue levels. Treating physicians were unaware of the findings, which were not used for clinical treatment decisions. The initial evaluation at participating sites was designed to detect all macrometastases larger than 2 mm in the greatest dimension. RESULTS: Occult @entity3 were detected in 15.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.7 to 17.1) of 3887 @entity1 . Log-rank tests indicated a significant difference between @entity1 in whom occult @entity3 were detected and those in whom no occult @entity3 were detected with respect to overall survival (P=0.03), disease-free survival (P=0.02), and distant-disease-free interval (P=0.04). The corresponding adjusted hazard ratios for @entity204 , any outcome event, and distant disease were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.86), 1.31 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.60), and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.66), respectively. Five-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival among @entity1 in whom occult @entity3 were detected and those without detectable @entity3 were 94.6% and 95.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Occult @entity3 were an independent prognostic variable in @entity1 with sentinel nodes that were negative on initial examination; however, the magnitude of the difference in outcome at 5 years was small (1.2 percentage points). These data do not indicate a clinical benefit of additional evaluation, including immunohistochemical analysis, of initially negative sentinel nodes in @entity1 with @entity0 . (Funded by the National @entity5 Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00003830.).

title: Effect of occult @entity3 on survival in node-negative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Retrospective and observational analyses suggest that occult lymph-node @entity3 are an important prognostic factor for disease recurrence or survival among @entity1 with @entity0 . Prospective data on clinical outcomes from randomized trials according to sentinel-node involvement have been lacking. METHODS: We randomly assigned @entity1 with @entity0 to sentinel-lymph-node biopsy plus axillary dissection or sentinel-lymph-node biopsy alone. @entity982 -embedded tissue blocks of sentinel lymph nodes obtained from @entity1 with pathologically negative sentinel lymph nodes were centrally evaluated for occult @entity3 deeper in the blocks. Both routine staining and immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin were used at two widely spaced additional tissue levels. Treating physicians were unaware of the findings, which were not used for clinical treatment decisions. The initial evaluation at participating sites was designed to detect all macrometastases larger than 2 mm in the greatest dimension. RESULTS: Occult @entity3 were detected in 15.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.7 to 17.1) of 3887 @entity1 . Log-rank tests indicated a significant difference between @entity1 in whom occult @entity3 were detected and those in whom no occult @entity3 were detected with respect to overall survival (P=0.03), disease-free survival (P=0.02), and distant-disease-free interval (P=0.04). The corresponding adjusted hazard ratios for @entity204 , any outcome event, and distant disease were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.86), 1.31 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.60), and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.66), respectively. Five-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival among @entity1 in whom occult @entity3 were detected and those without detectable @entity3 were 94.6% and 95.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Occult @entity3 were an independent prognostic variable in @entity1 with sentinel nodes that were negative on initial examination; however, the magnitude of the difference in outcome at 5 years was small (1.2 percentage points). These data do not indicate a clinical benefit of additional evaluation, including immunohistochemical analysis, of initially negative sentinel nodes in @entity1 with @entity0 . (Funded by the National @entity5 Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00003830.).

title: Effect of occult XXXX on survival in node-negative @entity0 .

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) is a traumatic event that results in motor, sensitive or autonomic function disturbances, which have direct impact on the life quality of the affected individual. Recent studies have shown that attenuation of the inflammatory response after @entity1566 plays a key role in the reestablishment of motor function. Galectin-3 is a pleiotropic molecule belonging to the @entity1735 -ligand lectin family, which is expressed by different cells in different tissues. Studies have shown that galectin-3 induces the recruitment and activation of neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, lymphocytes and microglia. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the lack of galectin-3 on the functional outcome, cellular recruitment and morphological changes in tissue, after @entity1566 . C57BL/6wild-type and galectin-3 knockout @entity19 were used in this study. A vascular clip was used for 1min to generate a compressive @entity1566 . By BMS we detected that the @entity9675 (-/-) presented a better functional outcome during the studied period. This finding is related to a decrease in the @entity130 and a higher volume of spared white matter at 7 and 42days post injury (dpi). Moreover, @entity9675 (-/-) @entity19 showed a higher number of spared fibers at 28dpi. Because of the importance of the inflammatory response after @entity1566 and the role that galectin-3 plays in it, we investigated possible differences in the inflammatory response between the analyzed groups. No differences in neutrophils were observed 24h after injury. However, at 3dpi, the @entity9675 (-/-) @entity19 showed more neutrophils infiltrated into the spinal tissue when compared with the WT @entity19 . At this same time point, no differences in the percentage of the @entity3804 /Arginase1 positive cells were observed. Remarkably, @entity9675 (-/-) @entity19 displayed a decrease in @entity3804 staining at 7dpi, compared with the WT @entity19 . At the same time, @entity9675 (-/-) @entity19 presented a more prominent Arginase1 stained area, suggesting an anti-inflammatory cell phenotype. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the lack of galectin-3 plays a key role in the inflammatory process triggered by @entity1566 , leading to better and early recovery of locomotor function.

title: Lack of galectin-3 improves the functional outcome and tissue sparing by modulating inflammatory response after a compressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury length']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: Our aim is to estimate the effect of nonadherence to evidence-based cardioprotective medications on all-cause mortality in survivors of @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS: A @entity1 -based retrospective cohort study of 1-year survivors of @entity583 , members of a health organization in Israel, between 2005 and 2010 was used. Adherence was measured using the proportion-of-days-covered metric and defined as a proportion of days covered >= 80%. In order to determine the independent impact of medication nonadherence on all-cause mortality, Cox proportional hazards models were constructed, adjusting for @entity1 demographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: Of 4655 @entity1 prescribed at least one medication, 864 died during an 8-year follow-up (median 4.5   years). Except for beta-blockers, medication nonadherence was significantly associated with increased adjusted all-cause mortality risk for @entity117 [hazard ratio ( @entity712 ), 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.47], statins ( @entity712 , 1.36; 95%CI, 1.18-1.57), and @entity7774 -converting enzyme inhibitors/ @entity7774 receptor blockers only among @entity741 @entity1 with documented @entity712 ( @entity712 , 1.57; 95%CI, 1.16-2.14). Multidrug-combined therapy exerted incremental survival benefit in a dose-response gradient, exceeding that of single-component treatment. The highest risk of mortality was observed in @entity1 adherent to none of the medications compared with adherents to all medications, with a 38% increase in risk of mortality ( @entity712 , 1.38; 95%CI, 1.06-1.80). CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient nonadherence to evidence-based cardioprotective medications in @entity1 with @entity583 is common, and in the case of @entity117 , statin or combined therapy is associated with a marked risk increase in all-cause mortality. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of @entity7774 -converting enzyme inhibitor/ @entity7774 receptor blocker in @entity1 subgroups. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Effect of adherence to evidence-based therapy after XXXX on all-cause mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HR', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity7774 :: ('MESH:D000809', 'Chemical') :: ['angiotensin']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probes for the single-cell detection and enumeration of @entity880 bacteria, in particular organisms belonging to the major phylogenetic groups and species of oral lactobacilli and to Abiotrophia/Granulicatella. RESULTS: As lactobacilli are known for notorious resistance to probe penetration, probe-specific assay protocols were experimentally developed to provide maximum cell wall permeability, probe accessibility, hybridization stringency, and fluorescence intensity. The new assays were then applied in a pilot study to three biofilm samples harvested from variably demineralized @entity291 enamel discs that had been carried in situ for 10 days by different volunteers. Best probe penetration and fluorescent labeling of reference strains were obtained after combined lysozyme and achromopeptidase treatment followed by exposure to lipase. Hybridization stringency had to be established strictly for each probe. Thereafter all probes showed the expected specificity with reference strains and labeled the anticipated morphotypes in dental plaques. Applied to in situ grown biofilms the set of probes detected only @entity10688 and bacteria of the @entity10688 casei group. The most cariogenic biofilm contained two orders of magnitude higher @entity10688 cell numbers than the other biofilms. Abiotrophia/Granulicatella and streptococci from the mitis group were found in all samples at high levels, whereas @entity6586 was detected in only one sample in very low numbers. CONCLUSIONS: Application of these new group- and species-specific FISH probes to oral biofilm-forming @entity880 bacteria will allow a clearer understanding of the supragingival biome, its spatial architecture and of structure-function relationships implicated during plaque homeostasis and caries development. The probes should prove of value far beyond the field of oral microbiology, as many of them detect non-oral species and phylogenetic groups of importance in a variety of medical conditions and the food industry.

title: Phylogenetic group- and species-specific oligonucleotide probes for single-cell detection of XXXX bacteria in oral biofilms.

entities_list: @entity6586 :: ('1309', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus mutans']

entities_list: @entity10688 :: ('1613', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus', 'L. fermentum', 'Lactobacillus fermentum']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactic acid']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity73 ( @entity558 ) can develop during the course of ageing and is a feature of many @entity16 . Many individuals with @entity558 have substantial, sustained, and complex health care needs, which frequently include @entity158 . However, individuals with @entity558 can have difficulty communicating the features of their @entity158 to others, which in turn presents a significant challenge for effective diagnosis and treatment of their @entity158 . Herein, we review the literature on responsivity of individuals with @entity558 to experimental @entity158 stimuli. We discuss @entity158 responding across a large number of @entity16 in which @entity558 is typically present. Overall, the existing data suggest that @entity158 processing is altered in most individuals with @entity558 compared with cognitively intact matched controls. The precise nature of these alterations varies with the type of @entity558 (or associated clinical @entity558 ) and may also depend on the type of @entity158 stimulation used and the type of @entity158 responses assessed. Nevertheless, it is clear that regardless of the etiology of @entity558 , @entity1 do feel noxious stimuli, with more evidence for @entity56 than hyposensitivity to these stimuli compared with cognitively unimpaired individuals. Our current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underpinning these alterations is limited but may be enhanced through the use of animal models of @entity558 , which also exhibit alterations in nociceptive responding. Further research using additional behavioural indices of @entity158 is warranted. Increased understanding of altered experimental @entity158 processing in @entity558 will facilitate the development of improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for @entity158 in individuals with @entity558 .

title: Experimental XXXX processing in individuals with @entity73 : current state of the science.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['CI', 'condition']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['Cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological and neurodegenerative disorders', 'neurological and neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity73 ( @entity558 ) can develop during the course of ageing and is a feature of many @entity16 . Many individuals with @entity558 have substantial, sustained, and complex health care needs, which frequently include @entity158 . However, individuals with @entity558 can have difficulty communicating the features of their @entity158 to others, which in turn presents a significant challenge for effective diagnosis and treatment of their @entity158 . Herein, we review the literature on responsivity of individuals with @entity558 to experimental @entity158 stimuli. We discuss @entity158 responding across a large number of @entity16 in which @entity558 is typically present. Overall, the existing data suggest that @entity158 processing is altered in most individuals with @entity558 compared with cognitively intact matched controls. The precise nature of these alterations varies with the type of @entity558 (or associated clinical @entity558 ) and may also depend on the type of @entity158 stimulation used and the type of @entity158 responses assessed. Nevertheless, it is clear that regardless of the etiology of @entity558 , @entity1 do feel noxious stimuli, with more evidence for @entity56 than hyposensitivity to these stimuli compared with cognitively unimpaired individuals. Our current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underpinning these alterations is limited but may be enhanced through the use of animal models of @entity558 , which also exhibit alterations in nociceptive responding. Further research using additional behavioural indices of @entity158 is warranted. Increased understanding of altered experimental @entity158 processing in @entity558 will facilitate the development of improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for @entity158 in individuals with @entity558 .

title: Experimental @entity158 processing in individuals with XXXX : current state of the science.

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive impairment']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Natural Killer ( @entity47661 ) cells are the most abundant lymphocytes in the decidua during early gestation. The interactions of @entity47661 cells with the extravillous cytotrophoblast have been associated with a normal spiral artery remodeling process, an essential event for a successful pregnancy. Recent data indicate that alterations in the amount of decidual @entity47661 ( @entity47661 ) cells contribute to the development of @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ). Moreover, genetic studies suggest that @entity9371 ( @entity9371 ) expressed in @entity47661 cells influence the susceptibility to @entity1468 . Although @entity47661 cells have been well characterized during early pregnancy, they have been scarcely studied in the third trimester of gestation. The aim of this work was to characterize @entity47661 cells at the last trimester of gestation and to analyze the @entity9371 genotype of healthy and @entity1468 @entity1 . METHODS: Decidual samples were obtained during Caesarean section from control (n = 10) and @entity1468 (n = 9) @entity1 . Flow cytometric analysis of CD3, @entity2940 , @entity4071 and @entity6460 was used to characterize and quantify @entity47661 cells in both groups. Cell surface markers from decidual leukocytes were compared with PBMC from healthy donors. @entity9371 genotyping was performed in genomic DNA (control, n = 86; @entity1468 , n = 90) using PCR-SSP. RESULTS: The results indicate that @entity47661 cells persist throughout pregnancy. They represented 20% of total leukocytes in control and @entity1468 groups, and they expressed the same cell surface markers (CD3-, @entity2940 +, @entity4071 - and @entity6460 +) as @entity47661 in the first trimester of gestation. There were no significant differences in the percentage of @entity47661 cells between control and @entity1468 groups. The analysis of @entity9371 gene frequencies and genotypes was not statistically different between control and @entity1468 groups. The ratio of activating to inhibitory genes indicated that the overall inhibitory balance (0.2-0.5) was more frequent in the @entity1468 group (control, 31.3% vs @entity1468 , 45.5%), and the activating balance (0.6-1.1) was more frequent in the control group (control, 68.6% vs @entity1468 , 54.4%). However this difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the persistence of @entity47661 cells in @entity1468 and control @entity1 at the third trimester of pregnancy; these @entity47661 cells had a similar phenotype to those found during early pregnancy. The predominance of a @entity9371 inhibitory balance in the @entity1468 group could be associated to the physiopathology of @entity1468 .

title: Persistence of decidual XXXX cells and @entity9371 genotypes in healthy pregnant and preeclamptic @entity1 : a case-control study in the third trimester of gestation.

entities_list: @entity9371 :: ('3805', 'Gene') :: ['Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptors', 'KIR']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia', 'PE']

answer: @entity47661 :: (42273(Tax:7227),Gene) :: ['NK']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Natural Killer ( @entity47661 ) cells are the most abundant lymphocytes in the decidua during early gestation. The interactions of @entity47661 cells with the extravillous cytotrophoblast have been associated with a normal spiral artery remodeling process, an essential event for a successful pregnancy. Recent data indicate that alterations in the amount of decidual @entity47661 ( @entity47661 ) cells contribute to the development of @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ). Moreover, genetic studies suggest that @entity9371 ( @entity9371 ) expressed in @entity47661 cells influence the susceptibility to @entity1468 . Although @entity47661 cells have been well characterized during early pregnancy, they have been scarcely studied in the third trimester of gestation. The aim of this work was to characterize @entity47661 cells at the last trimester of gestation and to analyze the @entity9371 genotype of healthy and @entity1468 @entity1 . METHODS: Decidual samples were obtained during Caesarean section from control (n = 10) and @entity1468 (n = 9) @entity1 . Flow cytometric analysis of CD3, @entity2940 , @entity4071 and @entity6460 was used to characterize and quantify @entity47661 cells in both groups. Cell surface markers from decidual leukocytes were compared with PBMC from healthy donors. @entity9371 genotyping was performed in genomic DNA (control, n = 86; @entity1468 , n = 90) using PCR-SSP. RESULTS: The results indicate that @entity47661 cells persist throughout pregnancy. They represented 20% of total leukocytes in control and @entity1468 groups, and they expressed the same cell surface markers (CD3-, @entity2940 +, @entity4071 - and @entity6460 +) as @entity47661 in the first trimester of gestation. There were no significant differences in the percentage of @entity47661 cells between control and @entity1468 groups. The analysis of @entity9371 gene frequencies and genotypes was not statistically different between control and @entity1468 groups. The ratio of activating to inhibitory genes indicated that the overall inhibitory balance (0.2-0.5) was more frequent in the @entity1468 group (control, 31.3% vs @entity1468 , 45.5%), and the activating balance (0.6-1.1) was more frequent in the control group (control, 68.6% vs @entity1468 , 54.4%). However this difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the persistence of @entity47661 cells in @entity1468 and control @entity1 at the third trimester of pregnancy; these @entity47661 cells had a similar phenotype to those found during early pregnancy. The predominance of a @entity9371 inhibitory balance in the @entity1468 group could be associated to the physiopathology of @entity1468 .

title: Persistence of decidual @entity47661 cells and XXXX genotypes in healthy pregnant and preeclamptic @entity1 : a case-control study in the third trimester of gestation.

answer: @entity9371 :: (3805,Gene) :: ['KIR']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Natural Killer ( @entity47661 ) cells are the most abundant lymphocytes in the decidua during early gestation. The interactions of @entity47661 cells with the extravillous cytotrophoblast have been associated with a normal spiral artery remodeling process, an essential event for a successful pregnancy. Recent data indicate that alterations in the amount of decidual @entity47661 ( @entity47661 ) cells contribute to the development of @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ). Moreover, genetic studies suggest that @entity9371 ( @entity9371 ) expressed in @entity47661 cells influence the susceptibility to @entity1468 . Although @entity47661 cells have been well characterized during early pregnancy, they have been scarcely studied in the third trimester of gestation. The aim of this work was to characterize @entity47661 cells at the last trimester of gestation and to analyze the @entity9371 genotype of healthy and @entity1468 @entity1 . METHODS: Decidual samples were obtained during Caesarean section from control (n = 10) and @entity1468 (n = 9) @entity1 . Flow cytometric analysis of CD3, @entity2940 , @entity4071 and @entity6460 was used to characterize and quantify @entity47661 cells in both groups. Cell surface markers from decidual leukocytes were compared with PBMC from healthy donors. @entity9371 genotyping was performed in genomic DNA (control, n = 86; @entity1468 , n = 90) using PCR-SSP. RESULTS: The results indicate that @entity47661 cells persist throughout pregnancy. They represented 20% of total leukocytes in control and @entity1468 groups, and they expressed the same cell surface markers (CD3-, @entity2940 +, @entity4071 - and @entity6460 +) as @entity47661 in the first trimester of gestation. There were no significant differences in the percentage of @entity47661 cells between control and @entity1468 groups. The analysis of @entity9371 gene frequencies and genotypes was not statistically different between control and @entity1468 groups. The ratio of activating to inhibitory genes indicated that the overall inhibitory balance (0.2-0.5) was more frequent in the @entity1468 group (control, 31.3% vs @entity1468 , 45.5%), and the activating balance (0.6-1.1) was more frequent in the control group (control, 68.6% vs @entity1468 , 54.4%). However this difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the persistence of @entity47661 cells in @entity1468 and control @entity1 at the third trimester of pregnancy; these @entity47661 cells had a similar phenotype to those found during early pregnancy. The predominance of a @entity9371 inhibitory balance in the @entity1468 group could be associated to the physiopathology of @entity1468 .

title: Persistence of decidual @entity47661 cells and @entity9371 genotypes in healthy pregnant and preeclamptic XXXX : a case-control study in the third trimester of gestation.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate basal @entity251 (T) levels during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle as a predictor for ovarian response and @entity52 ( @entity52 ) outcome. METHOD: We analyzed data retrospectively from hospital-based @entity52 center including one thousand two hundred and sixty Chinese Han @entity1 under their first @entity52 cycle reached the ovum pick-up stage, without @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) or @entity46 undergoing long @entity52 protocol. @entity1 were divided into 2 groups. Group 1: @entity1 with diminished ovarian reserve (basal FSH >10 IU/L) (n = 187); Group 2: @entity1 with normal ovarian reserve (basal FSH < = 10 IU/L) (n = 1073). We studied the association of basal T levels with ovarian response and @entity52 outcome in the two groups. Long luteal down-regulation protocol was used in all @entity1 , that is, the gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist was administered in the midluteal phase of the previous cycle and use of recombinant FSH was started when satisfactory pituitary desensitization was achieved. RESULTS: Basal T levels were markly different between pregnant and non-pregnant @entity1 in Group 1; whereas not in Group 2. A @entity251 level of 47.85 ng/dl was shown to predict pregnancy outcome with a sensitivity of 52.8% and specificity of 65.3%; and the basal T was correlated with the numbers of large follicles (> 14 mm) on HCG day in Group 1. Significantly negative correlations were observed between basal T, days of stimulation and total dose of gonadotropins after adjusting for confounding factors in both groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with diminished ovarian reserve, basal T level was a predictor for the number of large follicles on HCG day and pregnancy outcome; but could not in those with normal serum FSH. Basal T levels were associated with both days of stimulation and total dose of gonadotropins, indicating that lower level of T might relate with potential ovarian poor response.

title: Association of basal serum XXXX levels with ovarian response and @entity52 outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCOS']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['testosterone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate basal @entity251 (T) levels during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle as a predictor for ovarian response and @entity52 ( @entity52 ) outcome. METHOD: We analyzed data retrospectively from hospital-based @entity52 center including one thousand two hundred and sixty Chinese Han @entity1 under their first @entity52 cycle reached the ovum pick-up stage, without @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ) or @entity46 undergoing long @entity52 protocol. @entity1 were divided into 2 groups. Group 1: @entity1 with diminished ovarian reserve (basal FSH >10 IU/L) (n = 187); Group 2: @entity1 with normal ovarian reserve (basal FSH < = 10 IU/L) (n = 1073). We studied the association of basal T levels with ovarian response and @entity52 outcome in the two groups. Long luteal down-regulation protocol was used in all @entity1 , that is, the gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist was administered in the midluteal phase of the previous cycle and use of recombinant FSH was started when satisfactory pituitary desensitization was achieved. RESULTS: Basal T levels were markly different between pregnant and non-pregnant @entity1 in Group 1; whereas not in Group 2. A @entity251 level of 47.85 ng/dl was shown to predict pregnancy outcome with a sensitivity of 52.8% and specificity of 65.3%; and the basal T was correlated with the numbers of large follicles (> 14 mm) on HCG day in Group 1. Significantly negative correlations were observed between basal T, days of stimulation and total dose of gonadotropins after adjusting for confounding factors in both groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with diminished ovarian reserve, basal T level was a predictor for the number of large follicles on HCG day and pregnancy outcome; but could not in those with normal serum FSH. Basal T levels were associated with both days of stimulation and total dose of gonadotropins, indicating that lower level of T might relate with potential ovarian poor response.

title: Association of basal serum @entity251 levels with ovarian response and XXXX outcome.

answer: @entity52 :: (MESH:C566179,Disease) :: ['in vitro fertilization']


abstract: @entity49 is an insidious disease, with a high mortality rate typically attributed to the long delay in diagnosis. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are important. Here, we present a @entity1 with @entity49 . A 65-year-old @entity1 presented with constant @entity490 associated with @entity221 and @entity294 . He was diagnosed with severe @entity31 and was treated with @entity2983 and @entity617 . The @entity617 was tapered because of @entity409 , and he received total parenteral nutrition for a month. His @entity490 and @entity294 worsened, and he lost 5  kg of weight. He was then transferred to our institute. Computed tomography showed thickening of the left colon. Colonoscopy showed @entity1960 with @entity1066 , large @entity4 folds, congested mucosa, and @entity850 of the sigmoid colon, with sparing of the rectum, raising the possibility of IMV @entity715 . Angiography confirmed IMV @entity715 . Anticoagulation therapy was initiated with intravenous @entity6950 followed by oral @entity1229 . His @entity490 and @entity294 resolved, and he was discharged from hospital. Six months later, he remained asymptomatic with normal colonoscopic findings.

title: Anticoagulation therapy dramatically improved severe sigmoiditis with findings resembling inflammatory bowel disease, which was caused by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea', 'bloody diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic inferior mesenteric venous (IMV) thrombosis', 'Mesenteric venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['multiple ulcers']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

entities_list: @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse colitis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2983 :: ('MESH:D019804', 'Chemical') :: ['mesalazine']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity49 :: (MESH:D019851,Disease) :: ['mesenteric venous thrombosis']


abstract: In spite of the improvements in surgical techniques and intensive care therapy, no appreciable improvement in the prognosis for @entity1 with @entity14 has been made in recent years. Several types of adjuvant treatment, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, have therefore been proposed and used in clinical trials, mainly in the United States and western Europe. The results obtained by the Gastrointestinal Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of @entity5 (EORTC), using preoperative radiation therapy with 3450 rads, are reported here; this therapy results in a reduction in the number of local recurrences and also appears to prolong the five-year survival period, although a longer follow-up is required to confirm this. According to the @entity1820 Study Group (GITSG), postoperative radiation therapy with chemotherapy seems to prolong the @entity5 -free interval in stages B2 and C when compared to surgery alone. Nonspecific immunotherapy does not appear to improve surgical results either in terms of local recurrences or survival. Some clinical trials suggest that systemic polychemotherapy benefit subgroups of @entity1 with @entity14 . @entity137 is still very high, however; @entity1487 is the more active and safe single agent but, due to the low response rate, it appears essential to identify new, more active drugs. Particular attention has been focused recently on prophylactic infusion chemotherapy of the liver, and clinical trials are now being made by several groups, including the EORTC. Preliminary results seem to show a reduced incidence of liver metastases in @entity1 infused with @entity1487 after radical surgery. Adjuvant therapy in @entity14 @entity1 undergoing radical surgery has so far given encouraging results. Future results are awaited with optimism, but they must be achieved through prospective clinical trials conducted by well-organized cooperative groups.

title: Adjuvant therapy for XXXX . The EORTC experience and a review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrointestinal Tumor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: There have been no reports of @entity1820 (GISTs) <20  mm with distant @entity3 . We report a case of a 15-mm @entity356 with liver @entity3 1  year after surgical resection of the @entity75 . A 35-year-old @entity1 underwent routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy in July 2009. A @entity5 ( @entity5 ) <20  mm was incidentally detected at the posterior wall of the gastric body. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) indicated that it was a gastrointestinal @entity361 , including GIST, @entity2909 or @entity808 . He did not accept regular follow-up for this gastric @entity5 , therefore local laparoscopic excision was carried out in October 2009. The final pathological diagnosis after surgery was GIST, 15  mm in size, and a mitotic rate of 7/50 high-power fields, which did not indicate a high metastatic risk. The @entity1 was followed up regularly without adjuvant chemotherapy. At 1  year after surgery, a space-occupying lesion ~15  mm was detected in the left lobe of the liver by abdominal ultrasound, where no @entity66 had been observed before surgery. To make a definite diagnosis of the @entity409 , EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration was performed, which demonstrated a metastatic @entity96 from a @entity356 . Although this was a rare case, we should keep in mind that gastric GISTs do have a chance of malignant behavior, even if <20  mm.

title: XXXX smaller than 20  mm with liver @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['SMT', 'submucosal tumor']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity361 :: ('MESH:C535700', 'Disease') :: ['mesenchymal tumor']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric GIST']

answer: @entity1820 :: (MESH:D005770,Disease) :: ['Gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor']


abstract: There have been no reports of @entity1820 (GISTs) <20  mm with distant @entity3 . We report a case of a 15-mm @entity356 with liver @entity3 1  year after surgical resection of the @entity75 . A 35-year-old @entity1 underwent routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy in July 2009. A @entity5 ( @entity5 ) <20  mm was incidentally detected at the posterior wall of the gastric body. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) indicated that it was a gastrointestinal @entity361 , including GIST, @entity2909 or @entity808 . He did not accept regular follow-up for this gastric @entity5 , therefore local laparoscopic excision was carried out in October 2009. The final pathological diagnosis after surgery was GIST, 15  mm in size, and a mitotic rate of 7/50 high-power fields, which did not indicate a high metastatic risk. The @entity1 was followed up regularly without adjuvant chemotherapy. At 1  year after surgery, a space-occupying lesion ~15  mm was detected in the left lobe of the liver by abdominal ultrasound, where no @entity66 had been observed before surgery. To make a definite diagnosis of the @entity409 , EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration was performed, which demonstrated a metastatic @entity96 from a @entity356 . Although this was a rare case, we should keep in mind that gastric GISTs do have a chance of malignant behavior, even if <20  mm.

title: @entity1820 smaller than 20  mm with liver XXXX .

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: @entity5409 of the pancreas are sometimes difficult to diagnose. We report a case of a gastric duplication cyst (GDC) of the pancreas in an adult. A 45-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our department for the investigation of @entity417 . Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a large @entity5409 , measuring about 40  *  70  mm with calcification in the tail of the pancreas. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a non-enhanced @entity5409 with non-enhanced wall. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography revealed a mild extended main pancreatic duct and an aberrant pancreatic duct, but there was no communication with the cyst. We could not deny the @entity5 , so distal pancreatectomy was performed. The pathological examination revealed that the inner wall of the cyst consisted of columnar epithelium and smooth muscle layer. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the columnar epithelium to be immunopositive for @entity5822 ( @entity5822 ) and immunonegative for @entity2225 ( @entity2225 ) and the glands to be immunonegative for @entity5822 and immunopositive for @entity2225 . Therefore, a diagnosis of GDC of the pancreas was made. On imaging, a GDC usually mimics a @entity788 . Therefore, even though it is rare, a GDC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of @entity5 of the pancreas.

title: Intrapancreatic gastric duplication cyst mimicking XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic pseudocyst or a cystic neoplasm of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesion', 'Cystic lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cystic tumors', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cystic tumor']


abstract: 50 consecutive @entity1 with @entity583 and symptoms of less than 4 hours duration were treated with anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (APSAC) 30U intravenously as a bolus injection over 5 minutes. An open @entity1188 was found in 32 @entity1 (64%) when the first coronary angiography was taken 66 +/- 21 minutes after APSAC. Complete reperfusion was subsequently seen in 10 of 18 @entity1 with an occluded @entity1188 74 +/- 16 minutes after injection of APSAC. Thus, a @entity1 @entity1188 was seen in 42 @entity1 (84%) within 68 +/- 20 minutes. A control coronary angiography was performed in 37 @entity1 (74%) after 25 +/- 19 days. Reocclusion was found in 5 @entity1 . The minimal cross-sectional area of the residual @entity3979 increased from 1.3 +/- 0.9 mm2 to 1.8 +/- 1.9 mm2. @entity1 with residual thrombi after coronary thrombolysis (n = 13) demonstrated an increase of the minimal cross-sectional area of the residual stenosis from 1.2 +/- 0.8 to 2.6 +/- 2.3 mm2, whereas those without residual thrombi showed only minor changes of the minimal cross-sectional area (1.3 +/- 0.9 to 1.2 +/- 1.2 mm2). Thus, APSAC demonstrated a high patency rate and a low reocclusion rate after intravenous administration. The prolonged fibrinolytic activity of APSAC leads to a further regression of the residual @entity3979 among @entity1 with coronary thrombi after reperfusion.

title: Early clinical evaluation of the intravenous treatment of XXXX with anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: The processing and trafficking of insulin in cultured @entity35 hepatocytes were studied. A time course of binding of radiolabeled insulin to hepatocytes at 37 C revealed a rapid rise in cell-associated radioactivity that reached a steady state by 20 min. Using an acid medium to extract insulin bound to surface receptors, the time courses of receptor binding and internalization of the ligand were characterized. The earliest event in insulin processing was the binding of insulin to surface receptors, reaching steady state by 20 min with a t1/2 of 4 min. The internalization rate of ligand was initially slower than the binding rate, with a t1/2 of 6 min. Similar internalization rates of the insulin receptor were found by measuring the trypsin sensitivity of hepatocyte insulin receptors covalently occupied with a photo-affinity-labeled derivative of insulin [( 125I]B2 (2-nitro-4-azido-phenylacetyl)Des-PheB1-insulin). At steady state, the internalized ligand and receptor comprised approximately 40-45% of the cell-associated radioactivity. The time course of intracellular degradation was assessed by @entity2804 ( @entity2974 ) precipitability and Sephadex G-50 gel chromatography of solubilized cells containing only internalized radioactivity. Intracellular @entity2974 -soluble and low mol wt degradation products first appeared by 5 min and were released from the cell 3 min later. @entity503 (100 microM) completely inhibited the formation of intracellular low mol wt degradation products as well as their appearance in the medium. The release of intracellular radioactivity was assessed by first removing surface-bound insulin with acid extraction. Eighty percent of the intracellular radioactivity was released in 45 min with a t1/2 of 8 min. The released radioactivity was assessed by @entity2974 precipitability and gel chromatography. These results demonstrate that after 20 min, 43% of the released intracellular radioactivity is intact insulin. The percentage of intact insulin released increases in a dose-dependent fashion as the amount of insulin bound and internalized increases. In conclusion, the earliest event in insulin processing is binding to surface receptors. After a short delay, insulin and its receptor are internalized and trafficked into either a @entity503 -sensitive degradative pathway or a @entity503 -insensitive retroendocytotic pathway. The amount of insulin that traverses the nondegradative retroendocytotic pathway is proportional to the amount of insulin bound and internalized by the cell.

title: The trafficking and processing of insulin and insulin receptors in cultured XXXX hepatocytes.

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine', 'Chloroquine']

entities_list: @entity2804 :: ('MESH:D014238', 'Chemical') :: ['trichloroacetic acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to assess visual and structural outcomes in @entity1036 after conventional treatment (topical and systemic antifungals) and intracameral @entity2379 (ICAMB), and to evaluate any complications. DESIGN: This was a prospective, nonrandomized, nonblinded interventional study. METHODS: This study was conducted on 104 eyes of 104 @entity1 with @entity3283 . @entity1 were categorized into 2 groups: group A, who received conventional topical and systemic antifungal medications, and group B, who received ICAMB in the dose of 5 to 10  g in 1 mL of 5% @entity413 . Response to treatment was evaluated. Results of the 2 groups were compared with appropriate statistical indices. RESULTS: The mean final visual acuity in @entity1 in group B receiving ICAMB was 1.22    0.31 logMAR units. The improvement in mean visual acuity was 1.40    0.2 logMAR units. In group A, mean visual outcome was 1.25    0.73 logMAR units. There was an improvement by 0.55    0.30 logMAR units. Healing with varying degrees of opacification occurred in a significant number of @entity1 (81.48%) treated with ICAMB as compared with conventional treatment (Z = 2.24, P < 0.05). Complications, such as sloughing, occurred in significantly fewer @entity1 treated with ICAMB as compared with conventional treatment (Z = 2.29, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In cases of keratomycosis where response to local and systemic antifungal treatment is not evident after 7 days, ICAMB can be safely administered to prevent the progression of @entity1066 and the development of complications.

title: Efficacy Profile of Intracameral XXXX . The Often Forgotten Step.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['mycotic keratitis']

entities_list: @entity3283 :: ('MESH:D003320', 'Disease') :: ['fungal corneal ulcers']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

answer: @entity2379 :: (MESH:D000666,Chemical) :: ['Amphotericin B']


abstract: Usefulness of the ultrasonographical device (USD) for early diagnosis of pregnancy and for observation of fetal growth was examined in the @entity5434 ( @entity5434 ). Firstly, 50 females, each of which was mated for 24 hours in an individual cage, were used. They were diagnosed for pregnancy by the use of USD 15 to 29 days and 35 days after mating. Then, 20 of them were judged to be pregnant. The early pregnancy diagnosis was based on the detection of @entity8597 ( @entity8597 ) in the uterus. The @entity8597 was detected 20.0 +/- 1.8 days after mating. The duration from the day on which @entity8597 was first detected to the day on which the heart beat of embryo (HBE) was detected averaged 5.6 +/- 1.5 days. In 17 of these 20 pregnancies, @entity8597 was detected 17 to 23 days after mating. As regards the remaining three pregnant cases, @entity8597 and HBE were simultaneously detected on the 28th day of pregnancy in two cases, and on the 35th day in one case. Secondly, 225 females who were mated by the routine 3 day-mating system were used. Pregnancy diagnosis by USD was conducted on the 21st, 28th and 35th day after mating. Ninety-six of the 225 females were judged to be pregnant. In 33 (34.1%) of the 96 pregnant cases, @entity8597 was detected on the 21st day of pregnancy. In 57 females (59.4%), @entity8597 was detected on the 35th day. Furthermore, it was able to judge conditions of fetal growth by measuring the size of @entity8597 and biparietal diameter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Early pregnancy diagnosis by the ultrasonographical device and observation of fatal growth in XXXX ( @entity5434 )].

entities_list: @entity8597 :: ('MESH:D036821', 'Disease') :: ['gestational sac', 'GS']

entities_list: @entity5434 :: ('9541', 'Species') :: ['cynomolgus monkey', 'Macaca fascicularis']

answer: @entity5434 :: (9541,Species) :: ['cynomolgus monkeys']


abstract: Usefulness of the ultrasonographical device (USD) for early diagnosis of pregnancy and for observation of fetal growth was examined in the @entity5434 ( @entity5434 ). Firstly, 50 females, each of which was mated for 24 hours in an individual cage, were used. They were diagnosed for pregnancy by the use of USD 15 to 29 days and 35 days after mating. Then, 20 of them were judged to be pregnant. The early pregnancy diagnosis was based on the detection of @entity8597 ( @entity8597 ) in the uterus. The @entity8597 was detected 20.0 +/- 1.8 days after mating. The duration from the day on which @entity8597 was first detected to the day on which the heart beat of embryo (HBE) was detected averaged 5.6 +/- 1.5 days. In 17 of these 20 pregnancies, @entity8597 was detected 17 to 23 days after mating. As regards the remaining three pregnant cases, @entity8597 and HBE were simultaneously detected on the 28th day of pregnancy in two cases, and on the 35th day in one case. Secondly, 225 females who were mated by the routine 3 day-mating system were used. Pregnancy diagnosis by USD was conducted on the 21st, 28th and 35th day after mating. Ninety-six of the 225 females were judged to be pregnant. In 33 (34.1%) of the 96 pregnant cases, @entity8597 was detected on the 21st day of pregnancy. In 57 females (59.4%), @entity8597 was detected on the 35th day. Furthermore, it was able to judge conditions of fetal growth by measuring the size of @entity8597 and biparietal diameter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Early pregnancy diagnosis by the ultrasonographical device and observation of fatal growth in @entity5434 ( XXXX )].

answer: @entity5434 :: (9541,Species) :: ['Macaca fascicularis']


abstract: Importance: Optimal chemotherapy dosing in @entity28 @entity1 remains uncertain, with variation in practice. Dose reduction strategies are often used to avoid chemotoxicity, but recent American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines recommend full dose. Objective: To evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on chemotherapy dosing and of dose reduction on @entity43 survival. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Cohort study in Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) health care setting of @entity1 with primary @entity43 diagnosed from January 2000 through March 2013. Analyses focused on 806 @entity1 receiving adjuvant first-line therapy of @entity3003 and @entity1311 with curative intent. Main Outcomes and Measures: Overall and @entity43 -specific mortality. @entity204 were identified through the KPNC Mortality Linkage System, with median follow-up of 52.5 months. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated from proportional hazards regression, accounting for prognostic variables including age at diagnosis, race, stage, grade, histologic type, chemotoxic effects, comorbidities, cancer antigen 125 levels, and BMI at diagnosis. Results: The strongest predictor of dose reduction was a high BMI. Compared with normal-weight @entity1 , @entity28 class III @entity1 received 38% and 45% lower doses in milligrams per kilogram of body weight of @entity1311 and @entity3003 , respectively (P   <   .001 for each agent). They also received lower relative dose intensity (RDI) for each agent and the combined regimen, calculated as average RDI (ARDI). Mean ARDI was 73.7% for @entity28 class III @entity1 and 88.2% for normal-weight @entity1 (P   <   .001). Lower ARDI (<70%) was associated with worse overall (HR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.10-2.37]) and @entity43 -specific survival (HR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.12-2.55]). @entity1 who were @entity28 at diagnosis appeared to have better survival. In multivariable-adjusted analyses considering joint effects by BMI and ARDI, compared with @entity1 with normal weight and no dose reduction, normal-weight @entity1 with dose reduction (ARDI   <   85%) experienced worse survival (HR, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.02-2.21]). For each BMI category, those with ARDI less than 85% had worse survival than those without dose reduction. The improved survival among @entity28 @entity1 was no longer apparent with dose reduction. Conclusions and Relevance: Lower RDI was an independent predictor of @entity43 mortality. This finding was strongest among normal-weight @entity1 but seen at all levels of BMI. Our results suggest that body size should not be a major factor influencing dose reduction decisions in @entity1 with @entity43 .

title: Impact of Chemotherapy Dosing on XXXX Survival According to Body Mass Index.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'invasive epithelial ovarian cancers']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1117 ( @entity1117 ) is an uncommon @entity465 that can be inherited in an @entity1112 ( @entity1112 ) or an @entity74 ( @entity74 ) manner. We reviewed our large, single-center US experience with @entity1117 . METHODS: We reviewed 27 @entity1 at Ann _ Robert H. Lurie @entity1 's Hospital of Chicago from March 1985 to November 2013. Fisher exact test was used to compare differences in categorical variables, and Student t test was used to compare means for continuous variables. @entity281 were defined as those requiring intravenous antibiotics or hospitalization. RESULTS: There were 23 males and 4 females; 19 were @entity1112 and 8 were @entity74 . The average age at diagnosis was 3.0 years; 2.1 years for @entity1112 and 5.3 years for @entity74 inheritance (P = 0.02). There were 128 serious @entity281 . The most frequent infectious agents were @entity794 (n = 13), Serratia (n = 11), @entity4005 (n = 7), Aspergillus (n = 6) and Burkholderia (n = 4). The most common serious @entity281 were @entity55 (n = 38), @entity733 (n = 32) and @entity3298 (n = 29). Thirteen @entity1 had @entity532 . Five @entity1 were below the 5th percentile for height and 4 were below the 5th percentile for weight. Average length of follow-up after diagnosis was 10.1 years. Twenty-four @entity1 were compliant and maintained on interferon-y, @entity799 and an @entity5638 . The serious infection rate was 0.62 per @entity1 -year. Twenty-three @entity1 are alive (1 was lost to follow-up). CONCLUSIONS: We present a large, single-center US experience with @entity1117 . Twenty-three of 27 @entity1 are alive after 3276 @entity1 -months of follow-up (1 has been lost to follow-up), and our serious infection rate was 0.62 per @entity1 -year.

title: XXXX : A Large, Single-center US Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity799 :: ('MESH:D015662', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections', 'Serious infections']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['primary immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive', 'AR']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

entities_list: @entity1117 :: ('MESH:D006105', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic granulomatous disease', 'CGD']

entities_list: @entity3298 :: ('MESH:D008199', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenitis']

answer: @entity1117 :: (MESH:D006105,Disease) :: ['Chronic Granulomatous Disease']


abstract: Background: Adverse events (AEs) are significant and common sources of harm to inpatients. International Classification of Diseases, 9(th) Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes, assigned to virtually all inpatient discharges, could provide a readily available surveillance system capable of detecting a variety of AEs. Objectives: To determine the positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of selected ICD-9-CM codes (flagged codes) in identifying @entity137 and AEs causing admission to the hospital. Methods: Samples were drawn from two distinct @entity1 groups in calendar years 2001 and 2003: 7,070 inpatients from all acute care hospitals in Utah and 6,895 surgical inpatients from selected hospitals in Missouri. Structured chart review and abstraction identified all AEs and whether a flagged ICD-9-CM code represented an AE. AE codes were grouped into six categories to facilitate analysis: adverse drug events, surgical adverse events, misadventures, @entity281 , device events, and other adverse events. Results: Among all inpatients, 4,416 of 11,619 flagged codes represented AEs (38 percent); 1,789 of the flagged codes were @entity137 (15 percent). Flagged code PPVs were higher for surgical inpatients, with 11,990 of 16,816 flagged codes representing AEs (74 percent), and 7,507 codes (46 percent) indicating @entity137 . There was wide variability among AE @entity2286 categories, both for all inpatients (15   77 percent) and surgical inpatients (62   92 percent). Conclusions: Flagged AE codes were consistently more likely to indicate AEs in surgical inpatients than in all inpatient types. Given this, and the striking performance differences within and among AE code categories, ICD-9-CM codes are best suited to targeted AE surveillance.

title: Using ICD-9-CM Codes in Hospital Claims Data to Detect Adverse Events in XXXX Safety Surveillance

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['inpatient AEs']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intractable @entity1625 is a @entity74 with profound effects on cognition and quality of life. @entity302 surgery can lead to @entity410 freedom in @entity1 with @entity1625 ; however, sometimes it fails owing to an incomplete delineation of the epileptogenic zone (EZ). Brain networks in @entity302 can be studied with resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis, yet previous investigations using functional MRI or electrocorticography have produced inconsistent results. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) allows noninvasive whole-brain recordings, and can be used to study both @entity132 in @entity1625 and regional connectivity at the EZ. METHODS: In MEG recordings from presurgical @entity302 @entity1 , we examined: (1) global functional connectivity maps in @entity1 vs controls, and (2) regional functional connectivity maps at the region of resection, compared with the homotopic nonepileptogenic region in the contralateral hemisphere. RESULTS: Sixty-one @entity1 were studied, including 30 with mesial @entity1315 and 31 with focal neocortical @entity302 . Compared with a group of 31 controls, @entity302 @entity1 had decreased RSFC in widespread regions, including perisylvian, posterior temporoparietal, and orbitofrontal cortices (P < .01, false discovery rate-corrected). Decreased mean global connectivity was related to longer duration of @entity302 and higher frequency of consciousness-impairing @entity410 (P < .01, linear regression). Furthermore, @entity1 with increased regional connectivity within the resection site (n = 24) were more likely to achieve postoperative @entity410 freedom (87.5% with Engel I outcome) than those with neutral (n = 15, 64.3% @entity410 free) or decreased (n = 23, 47.8% @entity410 free) regional connectivity (P < .02,   ). CONCLUSION: Widespread global decreases in functional connectivity are observed in @entity1 with @entity1625 and may reflect deleterious long-term effects of recurrent @entity410 . Furthermore, enhanced regional functional connectivity at the area of resection may help predict @entity410 outcome and aid surgical planning.

title: 106   Functional Network Analysis in Surgical XXXX @entity1 Using Magnetoencephalography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['focal epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['long-range network disturbances']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'Epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['devastating disorder']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Epilepsy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intractable @entity1625 is a @entity74 with profound effects on cognition and quality of life. @entity302 surgery can lead to @entity410 freedom in @entity1 with @entity1625 ; however, sometimes it fails owing to an incomplete delineation of the epileptogenic zone (EZ). Brain networks in @entity302 can be studied with resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis, yet previous investigations using functional MRI or electrocorticography have produced inconsistent results. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) allows noninvasive whole-brain recordings, and can be used to study both @entity132 in @entity1625 and regional connectivity at the EZ. METHODS: In MEG recordings from presurgical @entity302 @entity1 , we examined: (1) global functional connectivity maps in @entity1 vs controls, and (2) regional functional connectivity maps at the region of resection, compared with the homotopic nonepileptogenic region in the contralateral hemisphere. RESULTS: Sixty-one @entity1 were studied, including 30 with mesial @entity1315 and 31 with focal neocortical @entity302 . Compared with a group of 31 controls, @entity302 @entity1 had decreased RSFC in widespread regions, including perisylvian, posterior temporoparietal, and orbitofrontal cortices (P < .01, false discovery rate-corrected). Decreased mean global connectivity was related to longer duration of @entity302 and higher frequency of consciousness-impairing @entity410 (P < .01, linear regression). Furthermore, @entity1 with increased regional connectivity within the resection site (n = 24) were more likely to achieve postoperative @entity410 freedom (87.5% with Engel I outcome) than those with neutral (n = 15, 64.3% @entity410 free) or decreased (n = 23, 47.8% @entity410 free) regional connectivity (P < .02,   ). CONCLUSION: Widespread global decreases in functional connectivity are observed in @entity1 with @entity1625 and may reflect deleterious long-term effects of recurrent @entity410 . Furthermore, enhanced regional functional connectivity at the area of resection may help predict @entity410 outcome and aid surgical planning.

title: 106   Functional Network Analysis in Surgical @entity302 XXXX Using Magnetoencephalography.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The comparative efficacy of microscopic and fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for @entity977 has not been well studied despite the adoption of fully endoscopic surgery by many pituitary centers. We compared the extent of @entity5 resection (EOR) and the endocrine outcomes of 1 very experienced surgeon performing a microscopic-transsphenoidal surgery technique (1800 independent cases) with those of a less experienced surgeon using a fully endoscopic-transsphenoidal surgery technique (100 independent cases) for nonfunctioning @entity977 in a concurrent series of @entity1 . METHODS: Post hoc analysis was conducted of a cohort of adult @entity1 prospectively enrolled in a @entity977 quality-of-life study between 2011 and 2014. RESULTS: Fifty-five @entity1 underwent fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery, and 80 @entity1 underwent fully microscopic transsphenoidal surgery. Baseline characteristics of the 2 treatment groups were well matched. EOR was similar between the endoscopic and microscopic groups, respectively, as estimated by gross total resection rate (78.2% vs 81.3%, P = .67), percentage of @entity5 resected (99.2% vs 98.7%, P = .42), and @entity41 (0.12 cm vs 0.20 cm, P = .41). Multivariate modeling suggested that preoperative @entity5 volume was the most important predictor of EOR (P = .001). No difference was found in the development of @entity409 (P > .14), but there was a higher incidence of @entity409 in the microscopic group (P = .04). Combined rates of major complications and unplanned readmissions were lower in the endoscopic group (P = .007), but individual complications were not different. CONCLUSION: A less experienced surgeon using a fully endoscopic technique was able to achieve similar outcomes compared with a very experienced surgeon using a microscopic technique in a cohort of @entity1 with nonfunctioning @entity5 . These data suggest that certain advantages afforded by the fully endoscopic technique help address the learning curve in pituitary surgery.

title: 134   Comparison of Extent of Tumor Resection and Endocrine Outcomes for Nonfunctioning XXXX of a Less Experienced Surgeon Using a Fully Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery Technique to a Very Experienced Surgeon Using a Microscopic Transsphenoidal Surgical Technique.

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['volume of residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['permanent posterior gland dysfunction', 'anterior gland dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas', 'pituitary adenoma']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['Pituitary Adenomas']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2012 is a challenging clinical entity. Despite improvements in microsurgery and medical therapy, @entity2012 persists or recurs in many @entity1 . We evaluate the long-term results of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for acromegalic @entity1 . METHODS: This was a retrospective study of @entity1 treated with SRS at the University of Virginia; the data were collected from 1989 to 2013. A total of 136 @entity1 underwent SRS for @entity2012 . Diagnosis of @entity2012 was based on the combination of clinical features and biochemical assessment including to serum @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) level, and age- and sex-matched serum @entity442 ( @entity442 ) level. All @entity1 underwent a complete endocrine evaluation, neuroimaging study, and ophthalmic examinations before SRS. @entity1 who had an OGTT @entity2124 of <1.0 ng/mL or normal @entity442 were considered in remission. @entity4614 was defined as a decrease in one or more hormones below normal. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 61.5 months, 65.4% of the @entity1 achieved remission. The mean time to remission was 27.5 months. The actuarial remission rates at 2, 4, 6, and 8 years postradiosurgery were 31.7%, 64.5%, 73.4%, and 82.6%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors (P < .05) for remission included a higher margin radiation dose, higher maximum dose, and lower initial @entity442 level. New @entity7961 occurred in 43 @entity1 (31.6%); 2 @entity1 (1.5%) developed @entity7961 . Risk factors for new @entity7961 were a margin dose >25 Gy and @entity5 volume >2.5 mL. Other complications included an adverse radiation effect in 1 @entity1 , @entity227 in 4, and new @entity2895 in 1. CONCLUSION: SRS affords endocrine remission in the majority of acromegalic @entity1 . Delivering a higher radiation dose portends a greater chance of remission. The most common complication after SRS was @entity4614 , but this occurs in a minority of @entity1 .

title: 142   Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Medically and Surgically Refractory @entity2012 : Long-term Rates of Remission and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual deterioration']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor 1', 'IGF-1']

entities_list: @entity2895 :: ('MESH:D015840', 'Disease') :: ['oculomotor nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly', 'Acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['Postradiosurgical hypopituitarism', 'hypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity7961 :: ('MESH:C580003', 'Disease') :: ['panhypopituitarism', 'pituitary hormone deficiency']

answer: @entity4614 :: (MESH:D007018,Disease) :: ['Hypopituitarism']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2012 is a challenging clinical entity. Despite improvements in microsurgery and medical therapy, @entity2012 persists or recurs in many @entity1 . We evaluate the long-term results of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for acromegalic @entity1 . METHODS: This was a retrospective study of @entity1 treated with SRS at the University of Virginia; the data were collected from 1989 to 2013. A total of 136 @entity1 underwent SRS for @entity2012 . Diagnosis of @entity2012 was based on the combination of clinical features and biochemical assessment including to serum @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) level, and age- and sex-matched serum @entity442 ( @entity442 ) level. All @entity1 underwent a complete endocrine evaluation, neuroimaging study, and ophthalmic examinations before SRS. @entity1 who had an OGTT @entity2124 of <1.0 ng/mL or normal @entity442 were considered in remission. @entity4614 was defined as a decrease in one or more hormones below normal. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 61.5 months, 65.4% of the @entity1 achieved remission. The mean time to remission was 27.5 months. The actuarial remission rates at 2, 4, 6, and 8 years postradiosurgery were 31.7%, 64.5%, 73.4%, and 82.6%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors (P < .05) for remission included a higher margin radiation dose, higher maximum dose, and lower initial @entity442 level. New @entity7961 occurred in 43 @entity1 (31.6%); 2 @entity1 (1.5%) developed @entity7961 . Risk factors for new @entity7961 were a margin dose >25 Gy and @entity5 volume >2.5 mL. Other complications included an adverse radiation effect in 1 @entity1 , @entity227 in 4, and new @entity2895 in 1. CONCLUSION: SRS affords endocrine remission in the majority of acromegalic @entity1 . Delivering a higher radiation dose portends a greater chance of remission. The most common complication after SRS was @entity4614 , but this occurs in a minority of @entity1 .

title: 142   Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Medically and Surgically Refractory XXXX : Long-term Rates of Remission and @entity4614 .

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['Acromegaly']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4522 ( @entity4522 ) accounts for approximately 10% of @entity385 . The recent SAMMPRIS study displayed a high incidence of perioperative complications (15%) for treatment of @entity4522 with stenting. Although the incidence of @entity64 was lower in the medical arm, recurrent @entity64 was found in 12% of @entity1 despite aggressive medical management, suggesting that intervention may remain a viable option for @entity4522 if perioperative risk is minimized. Angioplasty without stenting represents an alternative and understudied revascularization treatment for @entity4522 . Submaximal angioplasty limits the @entity1031 risk, vessel perforation, and reperfusion @entity548 . We conducted a prospective phase I trial designed to assess the safety of submaximal angioplasty in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity4522 . METHODS: This study was approved by the local institutional review board. Demographic and clinical data were prospectively collected. Angioplasty was performed for @entity1 with symptomatic @entity4522 (significant- @entity850 =70%) with a balloon undersized to approximately 50% to 70% of the nondiseased vessel diameter. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of periprocedural complications (combined rate of @entity204 , @entity64 , and @entity548 occurring within 30 days and at 1 year). RESULTS: Among 65 @entity1 screened with symptomatic @entity4522 , 24 had significant angiographic @entity850 that met the inclusion criteria of this study. Mean age was 64.08 years (median 65 years; standard deviation + 11.24), most were @entity1 (62.5%), and most were white (66.67%). Many @entity1 had @entity455 concomitants, including @entity101 (95.8%), @entity407 (70.83%), smoking history (54.1%), and @entity6 (45.8%). @entity453 (37.33%) and previous @entity64 or @entity4905 (45.83%) were present frequently. Most @entity1 (75%) had anterior circulation @entity850 . The mean preprocedure @entity850 was 80.16% (median 80%, range 70%-95%). Successful angioplasty was performed in all @entity1 , with a mean postangioplasty @entity850 of 54.62% (median 55.5%, range 31%-78%). Rates of @entity385 in the territory of the treated artery were 0% within 30 days and 5.55% (in the only @entity1 who presented with restenosis) at 1 year. The mortality and @entity548 rate was 0%. CONCLUSION: Submaximal angioplasty for symptomatic @entity4522 is a safe and effective technique. None of the @entity1 had @entity385 in the first 30 days, and only 1 @entity1 presented with symptomatic restenosis leading to @entity385 during 1 year of follow-up.

title: 163   Submaximal Angioplasty for Symptomatic XXXX A Prospective, Phase I Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity4522 :: ('MESH:D002537', 'Disease') :: ['Intracranial-atherosclerotic disease', 'ICAD']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'ischemic-strokes']

answer: @entity4522 :: (MESH:D002537,Disease) :: ['Intracranial Atherosclerosis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Our goal was to identify and compare the normal occipital-condyle-C1 interval (CCI) in healthy adults with the CCI in adults with @entity3029 ( @entity3029 ) and establish a highly sensitive and specific cutoff value to diagnose @entity3029 radiographically. METHODS: Eighty-one @entity1 (59 non- @entity3029 , 22 @entity3029 ) were included. Measurements obtained from thin-cut computed tomography scans of the craniovertebral joint to assess @entity3029 included: CCI, condylar sum, and standard diagnostic tools. RESULTS: Non- @entity3029 @entity1 were 50.8% (n = 30) male and 49.2% (n = 29) female, mean age was 42.4    16 years (range 19-87 years). @entity3029 @entity1 were 45.5% (n = 10) male and 54.5% (n = 12) female with a mean age of 38.2    9.7 years (range 20-56 years). Interrater reliabilities were all above 0.98 (95% CI) for CCI measurements. A total of 1296 measurements were made of the CCI in 81 @entity1 . The mean CCI for non- @entity3029 @entity1 was 0.89    0.12 mm, the single largest CCI measurement was 1.4 mm, and the largest mean for either right or left CCI was 1.2 mm. The mean condylar sum was 1.8    0.2 mm, and the largest condylar sum value was 2.2 mm. Linear regression with age predicted an increase in CCI of 0.001 mm/y (P < .05). The mean CCI in @entity3029 @entity1 was 3.35    1.8 mm (range 1.5-6.4 mm). A cutoff value for @entity3029 was determined at 1.5 mm for the CCI and 3.0 mm for the condylar sum, both with a sensitivity of 1 and false-negative rate of 0. Sensitivity for Powers, Wholey, Harris, Sun, Wackenheim, and Lee tests were determined to be 0.55, 0.46, 0.27, 0.23, 0.41, and 0.41, respectively. CONCLUSION: The revised CCI (1.5 mm) and condylar sum (3.0 mm) cutoff values have the highest sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of @entity3029 in the adult population.

title: 181   Computed Tomography Parameters for Atlanto-occipital Dislocation in Adult XXXX : The Occipital Condyle-C1 Interval.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['AOD', 'atlanto-occipital dislocation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: In interphase cells, alpha-casein kinase I (alpha-CKI) is found associated with cytosolic @entity2383 , the centrosome, and within the nucleus. To identify the specific @entity2383 with which alpha-CKI is associated, established cell lines and primary @entity35 neurons were immunofluorescently labeled with an antibody raised to alpha-CKI. In nonneuronal cells, alpha-CKI colocalizes with @entity2383 which align with microtubules and are partially coincident with both Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum markers. In neurons, alpha-CKI colocalizes with synaptic vesicle markers. When synaptic vesicles were purified from @entity35 brain, they were highly enriched in a CKI, based on activity and immunoreactivity. The synaptic vesicle-associated CKI is an extrinsic kinase and was eluted from synaptic vesicles and purified. This purified CKI has properties most similar to alpha-CKI. When the activities of casein kinase I or II were specifically inhibited on isolated synaptic vesicles, CKI was shown to phosphorylate a specific subset of vesicle proteins, one of which was identified as the synaptic vesicle-specific protein @entity30395 . As with alpha-CKI, the synaptic vesicle CKI is inhibited by @entity1078 (PIP2). However, synthesis of PIP2 was detected only in plasma membrane-containing fractions. Therefore, PIP2 may spatially regulate CKI. Since PIP2 synthesis is required for secretion, this inhibition of CKI may be important for the regulation of secretion.

title: A XXXX -sensitive casein kinase I alpha associates with synaptic vesicles and phosphorylates a subset of vesicle proteins.

entities_list: @entity1078 :: ('CHEBI:18348', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['vesicular structures']

answer: @entity1078 :: (CHEBI:18348,Chemical) :: ['phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity550 ( @entity550 ) is considered to be an effective treatment for chronic @entity9 . The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of @entity550 for treating @entity9 . METHOD: 27 @entity1 with chronic @entity9 were operated. Electrodes were implanted with the use of an stereotactic frame. Electrophysiological evaluations (motor stimulation and somatosensory evoked potentials) were performed, with guidance by means of three-dimensional reconstruction of magnetic resonance images of the brain. 10 @entity1 (37%) presented central @entity9 (post- @entity64 @entity158 ) and 17 others (63%) presented peripheral @entity9 ( @entity5300 , phantom limb @entity158 or @entity158 ). RESULTS: In 15 @entity1 (57.7%) the @entity158 relief was 50% or more; while in ten @entity1 (38.5%), more than 60% of the original @entity158 was relieved. No differences were found in relation to central and peripheral @entity9 (p=0.90), @entity158 location (p=0.81), presence of @entity51 (p=0.28) and @entity158 duration (p=0.72). No major complications were observed. CONCLUSION: @entity550 was efficient for treating @entity1 presenting chronic central or peripheral @entity9 .

title: Motor cortex electric stimulation for the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity550 :: ('MESH:D000303', 'Disease') :: ['Motor cortex stimulation', 'MCS']

entities_list: @entity5300 :: ('MESH:D020516', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus avulsion']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficit']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'trigeminal pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity9 :: (MESH:D009437,Disease) :: ['neuropathic pain']


abstract: We report a rare case of a mucocele of the appendix due to @entity46 which accidentally @entity397 prior to surgery. A 56-year-old @entity1 was referred to our institution for further evaluation of a cecal @entity5 . Colonoscopy showed a @entity5 at the appendiceal orifice in the cecum. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-circumscribed mass measuring 4  cm in diameter in the right lower quadrant. A preoperative diagnosis of a simple mucocele of the appendix was established. At laparotomy, a mucocele was identified in the right side of the abdomen; however, part of the mucocele had @entity397 and yellow @entity3558 was seen around the cecum. An ileocecal resection was performed. Histopathological examination was consistent with a mucocele of the appendix due to @entity46 . Cytology specimens from the yellow @entity3558 showed few proliferating epithelial cells with a mild degree of cytological and architectural atypia. Mechanical pressure due to excess anteflexion during administration of epidural anesthesia may have contributed to the @entity397 of the mucocele. It is important to handle a mucocele of the appendix with great care to avoid @entity397 at the time of operation, including during the administration of epidural anesthesia.

title: Rupture of appendiceal mucocele due to XXXX : report of a case.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'submucosal tumor']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured', 'rupture']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']