abstract: @entity1 with @entity4861 ( @entity4861 ), an inherited salt-losing tubulopathy, are usually treated with @entity972 -sparing diuretics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral @entity972 and @entity1760 supplementations. However, evidence supporting these treatment options is limited to case series studies. We designed an open-label, randomized, crossover study with blind end point evaluation to compare the efficacy and safety of 6-week treatments with one time daily 75 mg slow-release @entity3352 , 150 mg @entity14292 , or 20 mg @entity6478 added to constant @entity972 and @entity1760 supplementation in 30 @entity1 with @entity4861 (individual participation: 48 weeks). Baseline plasma @entity972 concentration was 2.8  0.4 mmol/L and increased by 0.38 mmol/L (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.23 to 0.53; P<0.001) with @entity3352 , 0.15 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.02 to 0.29; P=0.03) with @entity14292 , and 0.19 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.05 to 0.33; P<0.01) with @entity6478 . Fifteen @entity1 became normokalemic: six with @entity3352 , three with @entity14292 , and six with @entity6478 . @entity3352 significantly reduced @entity470 and plasma @entity916 concentration. @entity14292 and @entity6478 each increased plasma @entity1369 by 3-fold and @entity916 concentration slightly but did not significantly change @entity470 . BP did not significantly change. Eight @entity1 discontinued treatment early because of gastrointestinal intolerance to @entity3352 (six @entity1 ) and @entity551 with @entity14292 (two @entity1 ). In conclusion, each drug increases plasma @entity972 concentration in @entity1 with @entity4861 . @entity3352 was the most effective but can cause gastrointestinal intolerance and decreased @entity470 . @entity6478 and @entity14292 have similar but lower efficacies and increase @entity1372 depletion. The benefit/risk ratio of each drug should be carefully evaluated for each @entity1 .

title: @entity3352 , @entity6478 , or @entity14292 for Treating Hypokalemia in XXXX .

answer: @entity4861 :: (MESH:D053579,Disease) :: ['Gitelman Syndrome']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity4861 ( @entity4861 ), an inherited salt-losing tubulopathy, are usually treated with @entity972 -sparing diuretics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral @entity972 and @entity1760 supplementations. However, evidence supporting these treatment options is limited to case series studies. We designed an open-label, randomized, crossover study with blind end point evaluation to compare the efficacy and safety of 6-week treatments with one time daily 75 mg slow-release @entity3352 , 150 mg @entity14292 , or 20 mg @entity6478 added to constant @entity972 and @entity1760 supplementation in 30 @entity1 with @entity4861 (individual participation: 48 weeks). Baseline plasma @entity972 concentration was 2.8  0.4 mmol/L and increased by 0.38 mmol/L (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.23 to 0.53; P<0.001) with @entity3352 , 0.15 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.02 to 0.29; P=0.03) with @entity14292 , and 0.19 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.05 to 0.33; P<0.01) with @entity6478 . Fifteen @entity1 became normokalemic: six with @entity3352 , three with @entity14292 , and six with @entity6478 . @entity3352 significantly reduced @entity470 and plasma @entity916 concentration. @entity14292 and @entity6478 each increased plasma @entity1369 by 3-fold and @entity916 concentration slightly but did not significantly change @entity470 . BP did not significantly change. Eight @entity1 discontinued treatment early because of gastrointestinal intolerance to @entity3352 (six @entity1 ) and @entity551 with @entity14292 (two @entity1 ). In conclusion, each drug increases plasma @entity972 concentration in @entity1 with @entity4861 . @entity3352 was the most effective but can cause gastrointestinal intolerance and decreased @entity470 . @entity6478 and @entity14292 have similar but lower efficacies and increase @entity1372 depletion. The benefit/risk ratio of each drug should be carefully evaluated for each @entity1 .

title: @entity3352 , XXXX , or @entity14292 for Treating Hypokalemia in @entity4861 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity14292 :: ('MESH:C414690', 'Chemical') :: ['eplerenone', 'Eplerenone']

entities_list: @entity6478 :: ('MESH:D000584', 'Chemical') :: ['Amiloride', 'amiloride']

entities_list: @entity4861 :: ('MESH:D053579', 'Disease') :: ['GS', 'Gitelman syndrome']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin', 'indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity6478 :: (MESH:D000584,Chemical) :: ['Amiloride']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity4861 ( @entity4861 ), an inherited salt-losing tubulopathy, are usually treated with @entity972 -sparing diuretics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral @entity972 and @entity1760 supplementations. However, evidence supporting these treatment options is limited to case series studies. We designed an open-label, randomized, crossover study with blind end point evaluation to compare the efficacy and safety of 6-week treatments with one time daily 75 mg slow-release @entity3352 , 150 mg @entity14292 , or 20 mg @entity6478 added to constant @entity972 and @entity1760 supplementation in 30 @entity1 with @entity4861 (individual participation: 48 weeks). Baseline plasma @entity972 concentration was 2.8  0.4 mmol/L and increased by 0.38 mmol/L (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.23 to 0.53; P<0.001) with @entity3352 , 0.15 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.02 to 0.29; P=0.03) with @entity14292 , and 0.19 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.05 to 0.33; P<0.01) with @entity6478 . Fifteen @entity1 became normokalemic: six with @entity3352 , three with @entity14292 , and six with @entity6478 . @entity3352 significantly reduced @entity470 and plasma @entity916 concentration. @entity14292 and @entity6478 each increased plasma @entity1369 by 3-fold and @entity916 concentration slightly but did not significantly change @entity470 . BP did not significantly change. Eight @entity1 discontinued treatment early because of gastrointestinal intolerance to @entity3352 (six @entity1 ) and @entity551 with @entity14292 (two @entity1 ). In conclusion, each drug increases plasma @entity972 concentration in @entity1 with @entity4861 . @entity3352 was the most effective but can cause gastrointestinal intolerance and decreased @entity470 . @entity6478 and @entity14292 have similar but lower efficacies and increase @entity1372 depletion. The benefit/risk ratio of each drug should be carefully evaluated for each @entity1 .

title: @entity3352 , @entity6478 , or XXXX for Treating Hypokalemia in @entity4861 .

answer: @entity14292 :: (MESH:C414690,Chemical) :: ['Eplerenone']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Because increased @entity935 neurotransmission occurs with most antidepressants, and because antipsychotics cause behavioural supersensitivity to @entity935 , short-term low-dose antipsychotic treatment was tested on @entity308 @entity1 with an expectation of clinical improvement in the supersensitive phase following drug withdrawal. METHOD: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 48 @entity1 who met criteria for DSM-IV(  ) Major @entity308 , were in a @entity308 , and had a @entity308 (HAMD) rating of >= 14. Half the @entity1 received 0.25mg oral @entity1767 each day for 7 days, after which they received placebo daily for 4 weeks. The other half received placebo throughout the trial. RESULTS: One week after stopping the medication, the HAMD ratings of the drug-treated @entity1 fell by 9.96 points, as compared to a reduction of 8.73 points in the placebo-treated @entity1 , when comparing visits 1 and 4. There was no such difference when comparing visits 2 and 4. The differences were not significant, but indicated a trend. One week after the medication was stopped, the Clinical Global Index fell 1.64  0.18 units for the medication-treated @entity1 , compared to 1.12  0.26 units for the placebo group (P=0.05). The regimen was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Seven days of an ultra-low dose of 0.25mg @entity1767 , followed by withdrawal of @entity1767 , resulted in clinical @entity308 improvement greater than placebo and significantly @entity1155 , consistent with @entity1767 -induced behavioural supersensitivity to @entity935 . LIMITATIONS: The sample was small. More @entity1 are needed in a future study.

title: XXXX treatment by withdrawal of short-term low-dose antipsychotic, a proof-of-concept randomized double-blind study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depressive Disorder', 'depressed', 'depression', 'Major Depressive Episode', 'Hamilton Depression Rating Scale']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity1155 :: ('MESH:D011596', 'Disease') :: ['decreased psychomotor retardation']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 are very rare in @entity1 . @entity5 ( @entity5 ) account for the majority of @entity5 in young @entity1 , and @entity189 are a common component of @entity5 in adolescents. CASE PRESENTATION: A 9.8-year-old @entity1 presented with the development of pubic and facial hair over a period of 2 years. He had a growth spurt and examination revealed pubertal staging of G4 P4 A2 with a 6-mls testis on the right and a 4-mls testis on the left. Investigations revealed suppressed gonadotrophins, a @entity251 concentration of 10.3 nmol/l and normal @entity4418 and adrenal @entity342 levels. Tumour markers were negative. Following treatment with @entity13558 , his height velocity slowed down. At the age of 13.7 years, his treatment was stopped. At the age of 14.8 years, he presented with a grossly enlarged right testis and elevated beta @entity1 chorionic gonadotrophin (>1,400 IU/l). He underwent right orchidectomy and histology revealed an @entity189 with no vascular invasion. Analysis of luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotrophin receptor revealed no mutation. CONCLUSION: We present a case of @entity189 in a @entity1 who had presented 5 years before with features suggestive of gonadotrophin-independent precocious puberty.    2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Gonadotrophin-independent precocious puberty associated with later diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'boy', 'people']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['GCTs', 'Germ cell tumours', 'testicular tumours', 'Testicular tumours']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['embryonal carcinomas', 'embryonal carcinoma', 'testicular embryonal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4418 :: ('MESH:D019326', 'Chemical') :: ['17-hydroxyprogesterone']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity13558 :: ('MESH:C090450', 'Chemical') :: ['anastrazole']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['testicular embryonal carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Studies have correlated @entity13414 ( @entity13414 ) with @entity66 , especially respiratory effects. The goal of this study was to measure the impact of @entity13414 on the respiratory symptoms and exhaled @entity1223 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 50 young workers in restaurants serving waterpipes, 48 university students who sit frequently in the university cafeteria where cigarette smoking is allowed and 49 university students spending time in places where smoking is not allowed. Subjects completed questionnaires on socio-demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms and exposure to @entity13414 . Exhaled @entity1223 levels were measured. ANOVA and Chi-square tests were used when applicable as well as linear and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Exposure to cigarette smoke in university (adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 6.06) and occupational exposure to waterpipe smoke (ORa = 7.08) were predictors of chronic cough. Being married (ORa = 6.40), living near a heavy traffic road (ORa = 9.49) or near a local power generator (ORa = 7.54) appeared responsible for chronic sputum production. Moreover, predictors of chronic @entity566 were: being male (ORa = 7.81), living near a local power generator (ORa = 5.52) and having a family history of chronic @entity1576 (ORa = 17.01). @entity1223 levels were augmented by the number of weekly hours of occupational exposure to waterpipe smoke (b = 1.46) and the number of daily hours of exposure to cigarette smoke (b = 1.14). CONCLUSIONS: In summary, young non-smoker subjects demonstrated more chronic cough and elevated @entity1223 levels when exposed to @entity13414 while the effect of waterpipe was even more evident.

title: XXXX and respiratory symptoms in young adult passive smokers: a pilot study comparing waterpipe to cigarette.

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide', 'Carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['many diseases']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergies']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity13414 :: ('MESH:C536784', 'Disease') :: ['SHS', 'second hand smoke']

answer: @entity1223 :: (MESH:D002248,Chemical) :: ['Carbon monoxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Because both, glycemic index (GI) and @entity1735 content of the diet increase insulin levels and could thus impair fat oxidation, we hypothesized that refeeding a low GI, moderate- @entity1735 diet facilitates weight maintenance. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Healthy @entity1 (n=32, age 26.0  3.9 years; BMI 23.4  2.0   kg/m(2)) followed 1 week of controlled overfeeding, 3 weeks of caloric restriction and 2 weeks of hypercaloric refeeding (+50, -50 and +50% energy requirement) with low vs high GI (41 vs 74) and moderate vs high @entity435 intake (50% vs 65% energy). We measured adaptation of fasting macronutrient oxidation and the capacity to supress fat oxidation during an oral @entity413 tolerance test. Changes in fat mass were measured by quantitative magnetic resonance. RESULTS: During overfeeding, @entity1 gained 1.9  1.2   kg body weight, followed by a weight loss of -6.3  0.6   kg and weight regain of 2.8  1.0   kg. Subjects with 65% @entity435 gained more body weight compared with 50% @entity435 diet (P<0.05) particularly with HGI meals (P<0.01). Refeeding a high-GI diet led to an impaired basal fat oxidation when compared with a low-GI diet (P<0.02), especially at 65% @entity435 intake. Postprandial metabolic flexibility was unaffected by refeeding at 50% @entity435 but clearly impaired by 65% @entity435 diet (P<0.05). Impairment in fasting fat oxidation was associated with regain in fat mass (r=0.43, P<0.05) and body weight (r=0.35; P=0.051). CONCLUSIONS: Both higher GI and higher @entity1735 content affect substrate oxidation and thus the regain in body weight in healthy @entity1 . These results argue in favor of a lower glycemic load diet for weight maintenance after weight loss.

title: XXXX intake and glycemic index affect substrate oxidation during a controlled weight cycle in healthy @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['Carbohydrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Because both, glycemic index (GI) and @entity1735 content of the diet increase insulin levels and could thus impair fat oxidation, we hypothesized that refeeding a low GI, moderate- @entity1735 diet facilitates weight maintenance. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Healthy @entity1 (n=32, age 26.0  3.9 years; BMI 23.4  2.0   kg/m(2)) followed 1 week of controlled overfeeding, 3 weeks of caloric restriction and 2 weeks of hypercaloric refeeding (+50, -50 and +50% energy requirement) with low vs high GI (41 vs 74) and moderate vs high @entity435 intake (50% vs 65% energy). We measured adaptation of fasting macronutrient oxidation and the capacity to supress fat oxidation during an oral @entity413 tolerance test. Changes in fat mass were measured by quantitative magnetic resonance. RESULTS: During overfeeding, @entity1 gained 1.9  1.2   kg body weight, followed by a weight loss of -6.3  0.6   kg and weight regain of 2.8  1.0   kg. Subjects with 65% @entity435 gained more body weight compared with 50% @entity435 diet (P<0.05) particularly with HGI meals (P<0.01). Refeeding a high-GI diet led to an impaired basal fat oxidation when compared with a low-GI diet (P<0.02), especially at 65% @entity435 intake. Postprandial metabolic flexibility was unaffected by refeeding at 50% @entity435 but clearly impaired by 65% @entity435 diet (P<0.05). Impairment in fasting fat oxidation was associated with regain in fat mass (r=0.43, P<0.05) and body weight (r=0.35; P=0.051). CONCLUSIONS: Both higher GI and higher @entity1735 content affect substrate oxidation and thus the regain in body weight in healthy @entity1 . These results argue in favor of a lower glycemic load diet for weight maintenance after weight loss.

title: @entity1735 intake and glycemic index affect substrate oxidation during a controlled weight cycle in healthy XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the demographic and neurological features and treatment modalities of neuro- @entity195 ( @entity66 ) in @entity1 , to share our experiences and to summarise the literature. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of @entity195 ( @entity195 ) @entity1 who attended our paediatric rheumatology department between December 2005 and October 2013. Five @entity1 had the diagnosis of @entity66 . Initial neurological presentation, clinical @entity195 presentation, magnetic resonance imaging pictures of those five @entity1 was recorded. RESULTS: A total of 18 @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity195 . Among @entity195 @entity1 five of them were identified with @entity66 (27.8%). The mean age of @entity66 @entity1 at the time of diagnosis was 12.4 years (range 5.5-15 years). The mean follow-up time after the @entity16 was 5.2 years (range 0.5-14). In two cases @entity16 occurred at the same time with the onset of other clinical findings of @entity195 (40%). Both of these @entity1 had parenchymal involvement. Three @entity1 were admitted with @entity10 as the initial neurological symptom. They revealed @entity5576 . One of them had @entity50 ( @entity50 ). The other two had normal cranial magnetic resonance imagines. All @entity1 received colchicine and @entity134 , two of them who had parenchymal involvement received also cytotoxic drugs. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that neurological symptoms can be the first manifestations of @entity195 in @entity1 . Clinicians should be aware of this possibility and when a @entity1 presents with neurological manifestations, it would be valuable to query the @entity1 for the clinical features of @entity195 .

title: Clinical characteristics of paediatric neuro- XXXX : a single tertiary centre experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological involvement']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Beh  et's disease", 'BD']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral venous sinus thrombosis', 'CVST']

entities_list: @entity5576 :: ('MESH:D011559', 'Disease') :: ['benign intracranial hypertension']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Beh  et's disease']


abstract: STUDY QUESTION: What is the risk of complications after @entity2909 and what are the factors associated with complications? SUMMARY ANSWER: The cumulative risk of complications after embolization is relatively low even in the long term, but @entity2909 location may increase the risk. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: A broad spectrum of complications after @entity887 have been described with widely varying rates. There is uncertainty over the actual risk of complications and the factors associated with this risk. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This was a prospective cohort study of 288 consecutive @entity1 undergoing @entity887 in the general gynaecology clinic of a university teaching hospital between January 2001 and December 2010. @entity1 /MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Complications occurring after embolization were categorized as major or minor according to the severity of their impact on health, the level of care required and the outcome. Cumulative complication rates were estimated by survival analysis and log-rank tests according to baseline variables. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to adjust for confounders. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: There were 48 @entity1 who experienced a complication at a median of 5 months (95% confidence interval, 4.1-11.4) after embolization. Complications were minor in 38 @entity1 and major in 10 @entity1 . The cumulative overall complication rate was 13% (95% CI, 9.0-17.0) at 6 months, 16% (95% CI, 11.0-20.0) at 1 year, 17% (95% CI, 12.0-22.0) at 3 years and 18% (95% CI, 12.9-22.8) at 5 years. The most frequent complication (19/48, 39.6%) was @entity2909 expulsion, which occurred spontaneously in 13 (68.4%) of these cases and required assistance in 6 (31.6%) cases. Eight (2.8%) @entity1 underwent re-intervention, including six hysteroscopic myomectomies, one laparoscopic myomectomy and one hysteroscopic adhesiolysis, as a result of a complication. @entity2909 location was the only baseline variable associated with an increased risk for complications [Hazard ratio (HR), 2.28, 95% CI, 1.24-4.18, P = 0.008]. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Our population did not include @entity1 of African descent, who have been reported to be at higher risk of post-procedural complications compared with Causcasian @entity1 . If such @entity1 were involved in the study, higher morbidity rates might have been observed. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: @entity1 with @entity2909 at the time of embolization are more likely to have post-procedural complications. This is important new information for counselling @entity1 contemplating this therapeutic approach. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors have no competing interests to declare. The study was not supported by any external grant.

title: Incidence and predictive factors for complications after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyoma embolization']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['uterine leiomyoma embolization', 'Submucosal leiomyoma', 'submucosal leiomyoma', 'submucosal leiomyomas', 'leiomyoma']

answer: @entity2909 :: (MESH:D007889,Disease) :: ['uterine leiomyoma embolization']


abstract: Raising a @entity1 with @entity72 presents families with exceptional caregiving challenges. Consequently, parents, particularly mothers, evidence unusually high stress levels. Previous research has identified relevant variables that help explain maternal stress: the @entity1 's @entity146 , social support and the sense of coherence (SOC) as a perception of problem. However, there are few longitudinal studies demonstrating how these variables correlate over time. We present a longitudinal study of 21 Spanish mothers of @entity1 with @entity72 ( @entity72 ) at two measurement time points over an interval of 4.5 years. Our aims are to examine the predictive relationships of these variables ( @entity146 , social support and SOC) to stress and to analyse their changes over time. Data were collected through questionnaires. The results of the regression analysis (multiple adjusted R 2= .45,   2 = .82) highlight the predictive values of SOC (adjusted R 2 = .31) and the initial stress levels (   adjusted R 2 = .14) for stress levels 4.5-years later. Our study used t-tests to compare measurements at the two time points; results demonstrate the permanence of stress levels and @entity146 and the effects of reduced social support and increased SOC levels (t(20) = 2.48, p = .02, Cohen's d = .63; t(20) = -4.22, p < .001, Cohen' d = .58). Implications for interventions are discussed.

title: Prediction of stress in mothers of @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavior problems']

answer: @entity72 :: (MESH:D002659,Disease) :: ['autism spectrum disorders']


abstract: Raising a @entity1 with @entity72 presents families with exceptional caregiving challenges. Consequently, parents, particularly mothers, evidence unusually high stress levels. Previous research has identified relevant variables that help explain maternal stress: the @entity1 's @entity146 , social support and the sense of coherence (SOC) as a perception of problem. However, there are few longitudinal studies demonstrating how these variables correlate over time. We present a longitudinal study of 21 Spanish mothers of @entity1 with @entity72 ( @entity72 ) at two measurement time points over an interval of 4.5 years. Our aims are to examine the predictive relationships of these variables ( @entity146 , social support and SOC) to stress and to analyse their changes over time. Data were collected through questionnaires. The results of the regression analysis (multiple adjusted R 2= .45,   2 = .82) highlight the predictive values of SOC (adjusted R 2 = .31) and the initial stress levels (   adjusted R 2 = .14) for stress levels 4.5-years later. Our study used t-tests to compare measurements at the two time points; results demonstrate the permanence of stress levels and @entity146 and the effects of reduced social support and increased SOC levels (t(20) = 2.48, p = .02, Cohen's d = .63; t(20) = -4.22, p < .001, Cohen' d = .58). Implications for interventions are discussed.

title: Prediction of stress in mothers of XXXX with @entity72 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Chin tuck has been has been widely used to prevent @entity1173 in the @entity1 with @entity1282 . This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness and the degree of optimal neck flexion of chin tuck. Ninety-seven @entity1 who showed @entity1173 in the videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS). @entity1 were grouped into the effective ( @entity1 who showed effect with chin tuck) and ineffective group (those who did not show effect with chin tuck). VFSS was performed in neutral and chin tuck position and findings were compared between the groups. Severity of @entity1173 was assessed by the point penetration- @entity1173 scale. Duration of @entity1109 , history of tracheostomy, and other possible contributing factors were also compared. Neck flexion angle was measured to find appropriate posture in which @entity1173 was prevented with chin tuck. Aspiration was reduced or eliminated in only 19 @entity1 (19.6  %) with chin tuck. Oral transit time, pharyngeal delayed time and pharyngeal transit time were significantly shortened in both groups (p  <  0.05), but the difference between the groups was not significant. Female sex and absence of residue in pyriform sinus favored the effect of chin tuck (p  <  0.05). At least 17.5   of neck flexion was required to achieve an effect with chin tuck. The effectiveness of chin tuck was less than anticipated. @entity1 without residue in pyriform sinus were more likely to benefit from chin tuck. Sufficient neck flexion was important in chin tuck to prevent @entity1173 .

title: Chin tuck for prevention of XXXX : effectiveness and appropriate posture.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity1173 :: (MESH:D053120,Disease) :: ['aspiration']


abstract: PURPOSE: Uncertainty exists regarding the optimal surveillance imaging strategy following stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for early-stage @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ), particularly with respect to timing. We sought to determine how routine use of early (<6 months) posttreatment imaging affects subsequent management. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The records of all @entity1 treated with SBRT between January 2007 and January 2013 for early-stage @entity1149 were reviewed. Eligible @entity1 underwent >=  1 early (defined as within 6 months following SBRT) surveillance imaging study. Radiographic findings and subsequent diagnostic or therapeutic interventions were identified. Proportions and exact 95% confidence intervals (CI) with early posttreatment surveillance findings and altered treatment were calculated, and cases were examined descriptively. RESULTS: Sixty-two @entity1 with 67 @entity2 underwent 92 early surveillance imaging studies (86 computed tomographic [CT] and 6 positron emission/CT) at a median of 2.1 months (range, 0.1-5.9 months). New lung nodules were identified in 8 @entity1 (13%), leading to a diagnosis of @entity3 treated with systemic therapy in 2 @entity1 and biopsy proven solitary lung recurrence in 2 @entity1 , both treated successfully with local therapy. Tumor growth meeting Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity5 (RECIST) criteria was identified in 1 @entity1 , who was followed with subsequent radiographic regression. In aggregate, the treatment of 4 @entity1 (6.5%, 95% CI 1.7%-15.2%) was altered by early imaging; 2 (3.2%, 95% CI 0.4%-10.8%) with a potentially curative intervention. No predictors for utility of early surveillance were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Imaging within 6 months following SBRT for early-stage @entity1149 resulted in a definitive intervention in approximately 3% of @entity1 . In the era of cost-effective health care, a first scan at 6 months posttreatment may be adequate for most @entity1 . Larger scale prospective studies are needed to address the optimal surveillance regimen following SBRT and to identify @entity1 who may benefit from more aggressive surveillance regimens.

title: Does early posttreatment surveillance imaging affect subsequent management following stereotactic body radiation therapy for early-stage XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Solid Tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: We conducted a phase I multicenter trial in na  ve metastatic castrate-resistant @entity263 @entity1 with escalating @entity66287 dosages, combined with @entity1205 -based chemotherapy. @entity66287 is a novel @entity560 receptor agonist with higher antiproliferative effects and a 100-fold lower hypercalcemic activity than @entity3873 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Safety and efficacy were evaluated in groups of three to six @entity1 receiving @entity66287 during a 21-day cycle in combination with @entity1205 (75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) and oral @entity229 (5 mg twice a day) up to six cycles. Primary endpoint was dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) defined as grade 3 @entity2741 within the first cycle. Efficacy endpoint was >= 30% @entity7735 decline within 3 months. RESULTS: Eight dose levels (40-8,000  g) were evaluated in 54 @entity1 . DLT occurred in two of four @entity1 receiving 8,000  g/day after one and two weeks of @entity66287 . Calcemia normalized a few days after interruption of @entity66287 . Two other @entity1 reached grade 2, and the dose level was reduced to 4,000  g. After dose reduction, calcemia remained within normal range and grade 1 @entity2741 . The maximum tolerated dose was 4,000  g daily. Respectively, 85% and 76% of the @entity1 had >= 30% @entity7735 decline within 3 months and >= 50% @entity7735 decline at any time during the study. Median time to @entity7735 progression was 169 days. CONCLUSION: High antiproliferative daily @entity66287 dose has been safely used in combination with @entity1205 and shows encouraging @entity7735 response (>= 30% @entity7735 response: 85%; >= 50% @entity7735 response: 76%). A randomized phase II study is planned.

title: Phase I safety and pharmacodynamic of @entity66287 , a novel VDR agonist with XXXX in metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity3873 :: ('MESH:D002117', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitriol']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity66287 :: ('MESH:C409043', 'Chemical') :: ['Inecalcitol', 'inecalcitol']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity560 :: ('MESH:D014807', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin D']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: PURPOSE: We conducted a phase I multicenter trial in na  ve metastatic castrate-resistant @entity263 @entity1 with escalating @entity66287 dosages, combined with @entity1205 -based chemotherapy. @entity66287 is a novel @entity560 receptor agonist with higher antiproliferative effects and a 100-fold lower hypercalcemic activity than @entity3873 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Safety and efficacy were evaluated in groups of three to six @entity1 receiving @entity66287 during a 21-day cycle in combination with @entity1205 (75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) and oral @entity229 (5 mg twice a day) up to six cycles. Primary endpoint was dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) defined as grade 3 @entity2741 within the first cycle. Efficacy endpoint was >= 30% @entity7735 decline within 3 months. RESULTS: Eight dose levels (40-8,000  g) were evaluated in 54 @entity1 . DLT occurred in two of four @entity1 receiving 8,000  g/day after one and two weeks of @entity66287 . Calcemia normalized a few days after interruption of @entity66287 . Two other @entity1 reached grade 2, and the dose level was reduced to 4,000  g. After dose reduction, calcemia remained within normal range and grade 1 @entity2741 . The maximum tolerated dose was 4,000  g daily. Respectively, 85% and 76% of the @entity1 had >= 30% @entity7735 decline within 3 months and >= 50% @entity7735 decline at any time during the study. Median time to @entity7735 progression was 169 days. CONCLUSION: High antiproliferative daily @entity66287 dose has been safely used in combination with @entity1205 and shows encouraging @entity7735 response (>= 30% @entity7735 response: 85%; >= 50% @entity7735 response: 76%). A randomized phase II study is planned.

title: Phase I safety and pharmacodynamic of @entity66287 , a novel VDR agonist with @entity1205 in metastatic castration-resistant XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: We conducted a phase I multicenter trial in na  ve metastatic castrate-resistant @entity263 @entity1 with escalating @entity66287 dosages, combined with @entity1205 -based chemotherapy. @entity66287 is a novel @entity560 receptor agonist with higher antiproliferative effects and a 100-fold lower hypercalcemic activity than @entity3873 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Safety and efficacy were evaluated in groups of three to six @entity1 receiving @entity66287 during a 21-day cycle in combination with @entity1205 (75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) and oral @entity229 (5 mg twice a day) up to six cycles. Primary endpoint was dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) defined as grade 3 @entity2741 within the first cycle. Efficacy endpoint was >= 30% @entity7735 decline within 3 months. RESULTS: Eight dose levels (40-8,000  g) were evaluated in 54 @entity1 . DLT occurred in two of four @entity1 receiving 8,000  g/day after one and two weeks of @entity66287 . Calcemia normalized a few days after interruption of @entity66287 . Two other @entity1 reached grade 2, and the dose level was reduced to 4,000  g. After dose reduction, calcemia remained within normal range and grade 1 @entity2741 . The maximum tolerated dose was 4,000  g daily. Respectively, 85% and 76% of the @entity1 had >= 30% @entity7735 decline within 3 months and >= 50% @entity7735 decline at any time during the study. Median time to @entity7735 progression was 169 days. CONCLUSION: High antiproliferative daily @entity66287 dose has been safely used in combination with @entity1205 and shows encouraging @entity7735 response (>= 30% @entity7735 response: 85%; >= 50% @entity7735 response: 76%). A randomized phase II study is planned.

title: Phase I safety and pharmacodynamic of @entity66287 , a novel VDR agonist with @entity1205 in metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: We conducted a phase I multicenter trial in na  ve metastatic castrate-resistant @entity263 @entity1 with escalating @entity66287 dosages, combined with @entity1205 -based chemotherapy. @entity66287 is a novel @entity560 receptor agonist with higher antiproliferative effects and a 100-fold lower hypercalcemic activity than @entity3873 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Safety and efficacy were evaluated in groups of three to six @entity1 receiving @entity66287 during a 21-day cycle in combination with @entity1205 (75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) and oral @entity229 (5 mg twice a day) up to six cycles. Primary endpoint was dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) defined as grade 3 @entity2741 within the first cycle. Efficacy endpoint was >= 30% @entity7735 decline within 3 months. RESULTS: Eight dose levels (40-8,000  g) were evaluated in 54 @entity1 . DLT occurred in two of four @entity1 receiving 8,000  g/day after one and two weeks of @entity66287 . Calcemia normalized a few days after interruption of @entity66287 . Two other @entity1 reached grade 2, and the dose level was reduced to 4,000  g. After dose reduction, calcemia remained within normal range and grade 1 @entity2741 . The maximum tolerated dose was 4,000  g daily. Respectively, 85% and 76% of the @entity1 had >= 30% @entity7735 decline within 3 months and >= 50% @entity7735 decline at any time during the study. Median time to @entity7735 progression was 169 days. CONCLUSION: High antiproliferative daily @entity66287 dose has been safely used in combination with @entity1205 and shows encouraging @entity7735 response (>= 30% @entity7735 response: 85%; >= 50% @entity7735 response: 76%). A randomized phase II study is planned.

title: Phase I safety and pharmacodynamic of XXXX , a novel VDR agonist with @entity1205 in metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 @entity1 .

answer: @entity66287 :: (MESH:C409043,Chemical) :: ['inecalcitol']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The pancreas is located almost entirely within the treatment area for radiotherapy of @entity356 . The aim of this study was to analyze radiation-induced @entity130 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 127 @entity356 @entity1 , who underwent preoperative or postoperative chemoradiotherapy. A total dose of 45Gy was given in 25 fractions. Concurrent chemotherapy was @entity1487 -based. Lipase and a-amylase were assayed before, during and after treatment. RESULTS: Lipase and @entity942 were found in 48.2% and 19.7% of @entity1 , respectively. In the univariant analysis, age and pretreatment a-amylase and lipase activities influenced on risk of @entity130 (p<0.05). Younger @entity1 (<65years) had a lower risk of hypoamylasemia than older @entity1 . The probability of insufficiency was lower than 0.2 for @entity1 with pretreatment a-amylase and lipase activities above 50U/L and 55U/L, respectively. The multivariate analyses of the time to hypolipasemia showed that only pretreatment lipase activity was significant. CONCLUSIONS: @entity356 @entity1 have an increased risk of exocrine @entity3210 after chemoradiotherapy. Thus, the pancreas should be regarded as an OAR. Measuring lipase activity should be the standard for assessing radiation-induced @entity660 .

title: Radiation-induced @entity130 after chemoradiotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury of the exocrine pancreas']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic injury']

entities_list: @entity3210 :: ('MESH:D010188', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['a-amylase deficiencies']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The pancreas is located almost entirely within the treatment area for radiotherapy of @entity356 . The aim of this study was to analyze radiation-induced @entity130 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 127 @entity356 @entity1 , who underwent preoperative or postoperative chemoradiotherapy. A total dose of 45Gy was given in 25 fractions. Concurrent chemotherapy was @entity1487 -based. Lipase and a-amylase were assayed before, during and after treatment. RESULTS: Lipase and @entity942 were found in 48.2% and 19.7% of @entity1 , respectively. In the univariant analysis, age and pretreatment a-amylase and lipase activities influenced on risk of @entity130 (p<0.05). Younger @entity1 (<65years) had a lower risk of hypoamylasemia than older @entity1 . The probability of insufficiency was lower than 0.2 for @entity1 with pretreatment a-amylase and lipase activities above 50U/L and 55U/L, respectively. The multivariate analyses of the time to hypolipasemia showed that only pretreatment lipase activity was significant. CONCLUSIONS: @entity356 @entity1 have an increased risk of exocrine @entity3210 after chemoradiotherapy. Thus, the pancreas should be regarded as an OAR. Measuring lipase activity should be the standard for assessing radiation-induced @entity660 .

title: Radiation-induced XXXX after chemoradiotherapy for @entity356 .

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['injury of the exocrine pancreas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the factors associated with survival after recurrence of @entity96 ( @entity96 ) after resection and the outcome of our prospectively applied treatment protocol. BACKGROUND: Very little is known about the prognosis of @entity96 that recurs after resection and the outcomes associated with treatments applied to recurrent @entity5 . METHODS: A total of 661 @entity96 @entity1 undergoing resection from January 1988 to January 2011 were reviewed to identify those with recurrence. Single recurrences with preserved liver function, and no portal @entity101 were treated with resection. @entity1 with multiple @entity5 or poor liver function and no major comorbidities were listed for transplantation. @entity1 with up to 3 @entity5 , each 4 cm or smaller, and not eligible for transplantation, received ablation. @entity1 not eligible for ablation received embolization. Other treatments such as systemic therapy and radiation were used in remaining @entity1 , but not in a systematic manner. RESULTS: Recurrent @entity96 developed in 356 (54%) @entity1 at a median time of 22 months from primary resection. Median survival from time of recurrence to @entity204 was 21 months. Variables independently associated with survival from recurrence included time from primary resection to recurrence, @entity160 more than 100 ng/mL at recurrence, @entity5 larger than 3 cm, BCLC stage at recurrence, and type of treatment rendered for the recurrence. All variables except treatment modality were significantly correlated with characteristics of the original @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Most of the variables associated with outcome after recurrence are linked to the @entity5 at initial presentation. Nevertheless, meaningful survival can be achieved with appropriate treatment of recurrent @entity5 .

title: Recurrence of XXXX after resection: patterns, treatments, and prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular cancer', 'HCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic tumors', 'primary tumor', 'recurrent tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the ability of a data-fusion @entity1 status index (PSI) to detect @entity1 deterioration in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) in comparison with track-and-trigger (T_T). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-centre observational cohort study was conducted in a medium-sized teaching hospital @entity341 . Vital sign data and any documented T_T scores ( @entity1619 ) were collected from adults attending the resuscitation room, majors or observation ward. For each set of vital signs, we retrospectively calculated T_T (eT_T). PSI was calculated retrospectively from the continuous vital sign data using a statistical model of normality. Clinical notes were examined to identify 'escalation' events, and the numbers of these escalations identified by @entity1619 , eT_T and PSI were retrospectively calculated. RESULTS: Data from 472 @entity1 episodes were examined. A total of 20 @entity1 had PSI data at the time of an escalation related to @entity854 that occurred during their @entity341 stay (vs. on arrival). Only four @entity1 events were detected at the time by @entity1619 . In all, 17 were detected retrospectively by eT_T and 15 by PSI. PSI had a calculated false-alert rate of 1.13   alerts/bed-day. CONCLUSION: Electronic data capture offers opportunities for increased detection of deteriorating @entity1 in a busy clinical environment compared with paper charts. Sample size in this study is insufficient to determine which electronic method (eT_T or PSI) offers superior detection of the need for escalation.

title: Analysis of a data-fusion system for continuous vital sign monitoring in an XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['vital sign abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The MISSED score was derived and validated in @entity341 ( @entity341 ) @entity1 with @entity295 who were admitted to the ICU. This score has now been refined and simplified. The independent variables associated with mortality are age at least 65 years, serum albumin 27   g/l or less, and an international normalized ratio at least 1.3. The simplified MISSED score ranges from 0 to 3 depending on the number of variables present. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective is to validate the simplified MISSED score for predicting all-cause mortality in the @entity341 population admitted with @entity295 . The secondary end-point is to validate the risk stratification for ICU admission. METHODS: This is a pragmatic retrospective study of prospectively collected data. @entity341 @entity1 admitted with a diagnosis of @entity295 in the year 2012 were studied. Those on @entity1229 were excluded. The simplified MISSED score was calculated for each @entity1 . The test characteristics for mortality of the simplified MISSED score and the odds ratios of the high-risk groups for the secondary end-point were calculated. RESULTS: In total, 674 @entity1 , including 65 @entity204 , were studied. The area under the curve for the simplified MISSED score was 0.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70-0.77; P<0.0001]. The test characteristics for mortality were as follows: sensitivity 93.9% (95% CI 85-98.3), specificity 37.9% (95% CI 34.1-41.9), positive predictive value 13.9% (95% CI 10.8-17.5), and negative predictive value 98.3% (95% CI 95.7-99.5). The odds ratio for mortality for a score 2 or more was 5.01 (95% CI 2.93-8.57; P<0.0001), and that for ICU admission was 3.00 (95% CI 1.70-5.28; P=0.0001). CONCLUSION: The simplified MISSED score could be used to risk stratify septic @entity1 in the @entity341 .

title: Internal XXXX validation of the simplified MISSED score.

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Forcipomyia taiwana ( @entity14197 ) is the most prevalent allergenic biting insect in Taiwan and 60% of the exposed subjects develop @entity56 . Subjects with insect @entity566 frequently limit their outdoor activities to avoid the annoyingly intense @entity56 , leading to significant worsening of their quality of life. Allergen specific immunotherapy is the only known therapy that provides long-term host immune tolerance to the allergen, but is time-consuming and cumbersome. This study tested if the For t 2 DNA vaccine can prevent @entity56 in For t 2 sensitized @entity19 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two consecutive shots of For t 2 DNA vaccine were given to @entity19 with a 7-day interval before sensitization with recombinant For t 2 proteins, using the two-step sensitization protocol reported previously. RESULTS: The For t 2 DNA vaccine at 50  g prevented the production of For t 2-specific IgE (p<0.05), as well as midge-allergen challenge induced scratch bouts, midge-allergen induced @entity1312 and @entity58 production from splenocytes, and inflammatory cell infiltrations in the lesions 48 hours after intra-dermal challenge. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to demonstrate that DNA vaccine encoding midge allergen is effective in preventing @entity32 induced by @entity14197 . Immunotherapy using For t 2 DNA vaccine can protect @entity19 from being sensitized by midge allergen and may be a promising treatment for @entity14197 @entity566 in the future. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: For t 2 DNA Vaccine Prevents Forcipomyia taiwana ( XXXX ) Allergy in a @entity19 Model.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['allergic skin inflammation']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic symptoms', 'itchy allergic reactions', 'allergic reactions']

answer: @entity14197 :: (198116,Species) :: ['Biting Midge']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Forcipomyia taiwana ( @entity14197 ) is the most prevalent allergenic biting insect in Taiwan and 60% of the exposed subjects develop @entity56 . Subjects with insect @entity566 frequently limit their outdoor activities to avoid the annoyingly intense @entity56 , leading to significant worsening of their quality of life. Allergen specific immunotherapy is the only known therapy that provides long-term host immune tolerance to the allergen, but is time-consuming and cumbersome. This study tested if the For t 2 DNA vaccine can prevent @entity56 in For t 2 sensitized @entity19 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two consecutive shots of For t 2 DNA vaccine were given to @entity19 with a 7-day interval before sensitization with recombinant For t 2 proteins, using the two-step sensitization protocol reported previously. RESULTS: The For t 2 DNA vaccine at 50  g prevented the production of For t 2-specific IgE (p<0.05), as well as midge-allergen challenge induced scratch bouts, midge-allergen induced @entity1312 and @entity58 production from splenocytes, and inflammatory cell infiltrations in the lesions 48 hours after intra-dermal challenge. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to demonstrate that DNA vaccine encoding midge allergen is effective in preventing @entity32 induced by @entity14197 . Immunotherapy using For t 2 DNA vaccine can protect @entity19 from being sensitized by midge allergen and may be a promising treatment for @entity14197 @entity566 in the future. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: For t 2 DNA Vaccine Prevents Forcipomyia taiwana ( @entity14197 ) Allergy in a XXXX Model.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Weight loss and physical activity achieved through the @entity6 Prevention Program (DPP) have been shown to reduce type 2 @entity6 risk among individuals with @entity5710 . The New York State Young @entity1 's Christian Association (YMCA) delivered the 16-week evidence-based model at 14 YMCAs. A mixed methods process and outcomes evaluation was conducted. METHODS: Most @entity1 were referred by clinicians and were encouraged to achieve 5% to 7% @entity353 . @entity1 were weighed weekly; additional data were gathered from @entity1 surveys and focus groups and staff surveys and interviews. RESULTS: @entity1 (N = 254) lost a mean of 9 pounds (P < .001), or 4.2% of body weight, by program completion; 40% achieved 5% or more @entity353 and 25% achieved 7% or more @entity353 . Ten months after baseline, 61% of @entity1 reported 5% or more @entity353 and 48% reported 7% or more @entity353 . In multivariate models, @entity353 was negatively associated with black race (16 weeks: adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.190, P = .002; 10 months: AOR, 0.244, P = .005) and positively associated with attendance (16 weeks: AOR, 18.699, P < .001; 10 months: AOR, 2.808, P = .024). @entity1 reported improvements in health and lifestyle changes after program completion. Factors contributing to program success included coaches who motivated @entity1 , the group setting, curriculum, and program duration. However, sociodemographic diversity was limited. CONCLUSION: Outcomes demonstrate the potential for effectively implementing the DPP in community-based settings. Findings also suggest the need for replications among a broader population.

title: Implementation and outcomes of the New York State YMCA XXXX prevention program: a multisite community-based translation, 2010-2012.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'Men', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity7135 has a high mortality and morbidity in @entity1 . Aggressive @entity1457 , early referral, secondary transport and vaccination are potential factors with impact in reducing its mortality. Objectives were to characterize @entity1 admitted to intensive care due to @entity7135 , to evaluate their prognostic scores and mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational study, with retrospective data collection. Two periods were created according to the year of admission (A: 2000-2005 and B: 2006-2011). Prognostic parameters, organ failure and mortality rates were compared in these groups. RESULTS: 70 @entity1 were admitted with @entity7135 . When compared with other causes of admission, a decrease in the number of admissions due to @entity7135 was observed (period A: 3.4%; period B: 1.5%; p = 0.001). The presence of @entity693 was 41% in period A and 29% in period B (p = 0.461). Rapidly progressive @entity4125 occurred in 78% in period A and 50% in period B (p = 0.032). @entity1 from period A had @entity881 (80%), disseminated @entity5642 (76%) and @entity772 (22%) more frequently than @entity1 from period B (29%, 29%, 0%; p < 0.05). Mortality was 26% in period A and 0% in period B (p = 0.006) and standardized mortality by PRISM was 1.3 and 0 in period A and B respectively. DISCUSSION: The decrease in the number of admissions due to @entity7135 can be explained by the introduction of anti-meningococcal C vaccine in 2006. Mortality decline can be possibly explained by an improvement in the initial @entity1 stabilization and to secondary transport. CONCLUSION: A decrease in the number of admissions due to @entity7135 and in mortality was observed.

title: [ XXXX admissions in a paediatric intensive care unit].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['initial shock approach']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multi-organ failure']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity7135 :: ('MESH:D008589', 'Disease') :: ['Meningococcal infection', 'invasive meningococcal disease']

answer: @entity7135 :: (MESH:D008589,Disease) :: ['Meningococcal disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity129 remains the most frequent complication associated with cryoballoon-based pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. We sought to characterize our experience using a novel monitoring technique for the prevention of @entity129 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Two hundred consecutive cryoballoon-based PV isolation procedures between October 2010 and October 2013 were studied. In addition to standard abdominal palpation during right phrenic nerve pacing from the superior vena cava, all @entity1 underwent diaphragmatic electromyographic monitoring using surface electrodes. Cryoablation was terminated on any perceived reduction in diaphragmatic motion or a 30% decrease in the compound motor action potential (CMAP). During right-sided ablation, a >= 30% reduction in CMAP amplitude occurred in 49 @entity1 (24.5%). Diaphragmatic motion decreased in 30 of 49 @entity1 and was preceded by a 30% reduction in CMAP amplitude in all. In 82% of cases, this reduction in CMAP amplitude occurred during right superior PV isolation. The baseline CMAP amplitude was 946.5  609.2 mV and decreased by 13.8  13.8% at the end of application. This decrease was more marked in the 33 PVs with a reduction in diaphragmatic motion than in those without (40.9  15.3% versus 11.3  10.5%; P<0.001). In 3 cases, @entity129 persisted beyond the end of the procedure, with all cases recovering within 6 months. Despite the shortened application all veins were isolated. At repeat procedure the right-sided PVs reconnected less frequently than the left-sided PVs in those with @entity129 . CONCLUSIONS: Electromyographic phrenic nerve monitoring using the surface CMAP is reliable, easy to perform, and offers an early warning to impending @entity128 .

title: Clinical experience with a novel electromyographic approach to preventing XXXX during cryoballoon ablation in atrial fibrillation.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['Phrenic nerve palsy', 'phrenic nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['phrenic nerve injury']

answer: @entity128 :: (MESH:D020209,Disease) :: ['phrenic nerve injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous Canadian cost-effectiveness analyses in @entity5 based on the EQ-5D-3L (EuroQoL, Rotterdam, Netherlands) have commonly used U.K. or U.S. tariffs because the Canadian equivalent only just recently became available. The implications of using non-Canadian tariffs to inform decision-making are unclear. We aimed to reevaluate an earlier cost-effectiveness analysis of therapies for metastatic @entity788 (originally performed using U.S. tariffs) with tariffs from Canada and various other countries to determine the impact of using non-country-specific tariffs. METHODS: We used tariffs from Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Denmark, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, and Spain to derive EQ-5D-3L utilities for the 10 health states in the @entity788 model. Quality-adjusted life years (qalys) and @entity24882 ( @entity24882 ) were generated, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (psas) were performed. RESULTS: Canadian utilities are generally lower than the corresponding U.S. utilities and higher than those for the United Kingdom. Compared with the Canadian-valued scenarios, U.S. and U.K. estimates were statistically different for 3 and 9 scenarios respectively. Overall, 35% of the non-Canadian utilities (28 of 80) were significantly different, clinically, from the Canadian values. Canadian qalys were 6% lower than those for the United States and 6% higher than those for the United Kingdom. When comparing the qalys of each treatment with those of @entity136 alone, the average percent change was +6.8% for a U.S. scenario and -7.5% for a U.K. scenario compared with a Canadian scenario. Consequently, Canadian @entity24882 were approximately 5.4% greater than those for the United States and 8.6% lower than those for the United Kingdom. Based on the psas and compared with the Canadian threshold value, the minimum willingness-to-pay threshold at which the combination chemotherapy regimen of @entity136 - @entity416 is the most cost-effective is  5,239 less than in the United States and  11,986 more than in the United Kingdom. CONCLUSIONS: The use of non-country-specific tariffs leads to significant differences in the derived utilities, @entity24882 , and psa results. Past Canadian EQ-5D-3L-based cost-effectiveness analyses and related funding decisions might need to be re-visited using Canadian tariffs.

title: Impact of country-specific EQ-5D-3L tariffs on the economic value of systemic therapies used in the treatment of metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity24882 :: ('MESH:D065606', 'Disease') :: ['incremental cost-effectiveness ratios', 'icers']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14687 , daily hives that last >6 weeks, can be resistant to antihistamines, even when higher than conventional doses are used. Other pharmacologic agents have been associated with inconsistent benefit. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship of clinical characteristics and the presence of autoimmune antibodies to @entity16206 resistance in @entity1 . We further examined the efficacy and safety of @entity205 in @entity1 whose @entity110 was resistant to @entity16206 . METHODS: @entity1 referred to the pediatric @entity566 and pulmonary specialty clinic at the University of Iowa @entity1 's Hospital and diagnosed as having chronic idiopathic @entity110 were identified during the period from August 2008 to July 2013. A retrospective examination of treatment and outcome was performed. RESULTS: Forty-six @entity1 , 26 female @entity1 and 20 male @entity1 , with chronic idiopathic @entity110 were identified. The ages of 16 @entity1 who were @entity16206 resistant ranged from 9 to 18 years (median, 12.5 years). Those @entity1 who were @entity16206 responsive had a median age of 6 years, significantly lower than those who were @entity16206 resistant (P  = .0001). There was no significant association between autoimmune antibodies and @entity16206 resistance. All the @entity1 who were @entity16206 resistant were treated with @entity205 ; all experienced complete resolution of @entity110 at times that ranged from 2 days to 3 months (median, 7 days). Relapses responsive to repeated @entity205 occurred in 5 of the @entity1 after 1 week to 15 months (median, 6 months). Adverse effects were not seen in these @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Our data were consistent with efficacy and safety of @entity205 for chronic @entity110 in @entity1 when even high doses of antihistamines are ineffective.

title: Treatment of chronic @entity110 in children with antihistamines and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity16206 :: ('CHEBI:37956', 'Chemical') :: ['antihistamine']

entities_list: @entity14687 :: ('MESH:D007566', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic idiopathic urticaria']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14687 , daily hives that last >6 weeks, can be resistant to antihistamines, even when higher than conventional doses are used. Other pharmacologic agents have been associated with inconsistent benefit. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship of clinical characteristics and the presence of autoimmune antibodies to @entity16206 resistance in @entity1 . We further examined the efficacy and safety of @entity205 in @entity1 whose @entity110 was resistant to @entity16206 . METHODS: @entity1 referred to the pediatric @entity566 and pulmonary specialty clinic at the University of Iowa @entity1 's Hospital and diagnosed as having chronic idiopathic @entity110 were identified during the period from August 2008 to July 2013. A retrospective examination of treatment and outcome was performed. RESULTS: Forty-six @entity1 , 26 female @entity1 and 20 male @entity1 , with chronic idiopathic @entity110 were identified. The ages of 16 @entity1 who were @entity16206 resistant ranged from 9 to 18 years (median, 12.5 years). Those @entity1 who were @entity16206 responsive had a median age of 6 years, significantly lower than those who were @entity16206 resistant (P  = .0001). There was no significant association between autoimmune antibodies and @entity16206 resistance. All the @entity1 who were @entity16206 resistant were treated with @entity205 ; all experienced complete resolution of @entity110 at times that ranged from 2 days to 3 months (median, 7 days). Relapses responsive to repeated @entity205 occurred in 5 of the @entity1 after 1 week to 15 months (median, 6 months). Adverse effects were not seen in these @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Our data were consistent with efficacy and safety of @entity205 for chronic @entity110 in @entity1 when even high doses of antihistamines are ineffective.

title: Treatment of chronic XXXX in children with antihistamines and @entity205 .

answer: @entity110 :: (MESH:D014581,Disease) :: ['urticaria']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an indicator of the systemic inflammatory response. An increased pretreatment NLR has been associated with adverse outcomes in other @entity5 , but its role in localized (M0) @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) remains unclear. As such, we evaluated the ability of preoperative NLR to predict oncologic outcomes in @entity1 with M0 @entity1358 undergoing radical nephrectomy (RN). METHODS AND MATERIALS: From 1995 to 2008, 952 @entity1 underwent RN for M0 @entity1358 . Of these, 827 (87%) had pretreatment NLR collected within 90 days before RN. @entity3 -free, @entity5 -specific, and overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariate models were used to analyze the association of NLR with clinicopathologic outcomes. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 9.3 years, 302, 233, and 436 @entity1 had distant @entity3 , @entity204 from @entity1358 , and all-cause mortality, respectively. Higher NLR was associated with larger @entity5 size, higher nuclear grade, @entity39 , and sarcomatoid differentiation (all, P<0.001). A NLR>= 4.0 was significantly associated with worse 5-year @entity5 -specific (66% vs. 85%) and overall survival (66% vs. 85%). Finally, after controlling for clinicopathologic features, NLR remained independently associated with risks of @entity204 from @entity1358 and all-cause mortality (hazard ratio for 1-unit increase: 1.02, P< 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that NLR is independently associated with increased risks of @entity5 -specific and all-cause mortality among @entity1 with M0 @entity1358 undergoing RN. Accordingly, NLR, an easily obtained marker of biologically aggressive @entity1358 , may be useful in preoperative @entity1 risk stratification.

title: Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predicts XXXX among @entity1 with localized clear cell renal carcinoma undergoing nephrectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['histologic tumor necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell renal cell carcinoma', 'ccRCC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastasis']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an indicator of the systemic inflammatory response. An increased pretreatment NLR has been associated with adverse outcomes in other @entity5 , but its role in localized (M0) @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) remains unclear. As such, we evaluated the ability of preoperative NLR to predict oncologic outcomes in @entity1 with M0 @entity1358 undergoing radical nephrectomy (RN). METHODS AND MATERIALS: From 1995 to 2008, 952 @entity1 underwent RN for M0 @entity1358 . Of these, 827 (87%) had pretreatment NLR collected within 90 days before RN. @entity3 -free, @entity5 -specific, and overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariate models were used to analyze the association of NLR with clinicopathologic outcomes. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 9.3 years, 302, 233, and 436 @entity1 had distant @entity3 , @entity204 from @entity1358 , and all-cause mortality, respectively. Higher NLR was associated with larger @entity5 size, higher nuclear grade, @entity39 , and sarcomatoid differentiation (all, P<0.001). A NLR>= 4.0 was significantly associated with worse 5-year @entity5 -specific (66% vs. 85%) and overall survival (66% vs. 85%). Finally, after controlling for clinicopathologic features, NLR remained independently associated with risks of @entity204 from @entity1358 and all-cause mortality (hazard ratio for 1-unit increase: 1.02, P< 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that NLR is independently associated with increased risks of @entity5 -specific and all-cause mortality among @entity1 with M0 @entity1358 undergoing RN. Accordingly, NLR, an easily obtained marker of biologically aggressive @entity1358 , may be useful in preoperative @entity1 risk stratification.

title: Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predicts @entity204 among XXXX with localized clear cell renal carcinoma undergoing nephrectomy.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A challenging aspect of @entity38774 control in @entity1707 populations is the design and implementation of effective surveillance and monitoring programmes, both for early warning, and to determine the ongoing epidemiological situation in an infected population. Testing blood samples requires invasive sampling strategies like hunting or capture of @entity1707 . Besides being biased towards healthy animals, such strategies are also linked to further spread of the virus. Non-invasive sampling strategies would increase the reliability of surveillance of @entity38774 in @entity1707 populations, without the negative side effects. This study evaluates the potential of faeces and tissue samples as a basis for non-invasive sampling strategies for @entity38774 in @entity1707 . In the acute phase (0-21 days after @entity281 ), in comparison with virus detection in blood, virus can be detected in faeces 50-80% of the time. This percentage decreases to below 10% for the subacute/chronic phase. @entity38774 DNA is quite stable in faeces. Half-lives range from more than 2 years at temperature up to 12  C, to roughly 15 days at temperatures of 30  C. In tissue samples, stored at 20  C, half-lives mostly range from 1.7 to 7.4 days. The sample of preference is the spleen, where the highest titres and highest half-life of @entity38774 DNA are observed. The level and duration of excretion of @entity38774 in the faeces, combined with the stability of the DNA, suggest that sampling of faeces could be the basis for a non-invasive sampling strategy to monitor @entity38774 in @entity1707 .

title: Suitability of faeces and tissue samples as a basis for non-invasive sampling for African swine fever in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['wild boar']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity796 establishes @entity1030 in @entity1577 ( @entity1577 ) @entity1 . As the disease progresses, @entity796 pathoadaptive variants are distinguished from the initially acquired strain. However, the genetic basis and the biology of host-bacteria interactions leading to a persistent lifestyle of @entity796 are not understood. As a model system to study long term and persistent @entity1577 , the @entity796 RP73, isolated 16.9  years after the onset of airways colonization from a @entity1577 @entity1 , was investigated. Comparisons with strains RP1, isolated at the onset of the colonization, and clonal RP45, isolated 7  years before RP73 were carried out to better characterize genomic evolution of @entity796 in the context of @entity1577 pathogenicity. RESULTS: Virulence assessments in disease animal model, genome sequencing and comparative genomics analysis were performed for clinical RP73, RP45, RP1 and prototype strains. In @entity19 model, RP73 showed lower lethality and a remarkable capability of long-term persistence in chronic airways infection when compared to other strains. Pathological analysis of @entity19 lungs confirmed advanced chronic @entity358 , @entity32 and mucus @entity1373 . Genomic analysis predicted twelve genomic islands in the RP73 genome, some of which distinguished RP73 from other prototype strains and corresponded to regions of genome plasticity. Further, comparative genomic analyses with sequential RP isolates showed signatures of pathoadaptive mutations in virulence factors potentially linked to the development of @entity281 in @entity1577 . CONCLUSIONS: The genome plasticity of @entity796 particularly in the RP73 strain strongly indicated that these alterations may form the genetic basis defining host-bacteria interactions leading to a persistent lifestyle in @entity1 lungs.

title: Comparative genomics and biological characterization of sequential XXXX isolates from persistent airways infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'human']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['secretory cells hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['chronic infections']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['life-long chronic airway infections']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['CF infections', 'CF', 'cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Maintaining optimal fluid balance is essential in haemodialysis (HD) @entity1 but clinical evaluation remains problematic. Other technologies such as bioimpedance are emerging as valuable adjuncts. This study was undertaken to explore the potential utility of the natriuretic peptides - atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) in the assessment of fluid status and cardiovascular risk in this setting. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in an unselected cohort of 170 prevalent HD @entity1 . Volume status was assessed by clinical parameters - the presence or absence of peripheral @entity4 , raised jugular venous pressure and basal lung crepitations; by extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) status determined by whole body bioimpedance; and by serum levels of @entity3876 and ANP (pre- and post -dialysis). The relationships of ANP and @entity3876 levels to clinical and bioimpedance parameters of volume status was determined. @entity1 were followed up for 5  years to assess the relationship of natriuretic peptide levels to mortality. RESULTS: Bioimpedance estimates of ECFV expansion (>105  % of ideal ECFV) was present in 52  % of @entity1 pre-dialysis. A significant proportion (21  %) of pre-dialysis @entity1 had a depleted ECFV (<95  % of ideal ECFV) pre-dialysis. The situation was reversed post-dialysis. A raised JVP >3  cm was the most reliable clinical sign of ECFV expansion inferred from bioimpedance measurements and natriuretic peptide levels. The vast majority of @entity1 with this sign also had lung crepitations or peripheral @entity4 or both. @entity3876 was a stronger predictor of ECFV expansion than either pre- or post-dialysis ANP. @entity3876 was also a stronger predictor of five-year survival. CONCLUSION: Serum levels of @entity3876 have a strong relationship to both volume status and survival in HD @entity1 . We found no clear role for measurement of ANP, though changes in blood levels may be a sensitive indicator of acute changes in volume status. Whether monitoring levels of these peptides has a role in the management of volume status and cardiovascular risk requires further study.

title: The role of natriuretic peptides in volume assessment and mortality prediction in Haemodialysis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'B-type natriuretic peptide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of surgical management for post-traumatic thoracolumbar @entity85 with @entity5 . METHODS: From March 2007 to May 2010, 17 @entity1 with post-traumatic thoracolumbar kyphotic @entity85 were admitted. The preoperative Cobb angle was 41  -62  (52.5     6.4  ). Sagittal balance was evaluated by the standing lateral films measuring the C7 plumb line distance (C7 PLD) from the posterior superior corner of S1. The C7 PLD was 18-58 (41.2   12.4) mm in the sagittal plane. The preoperative @entity717 index (ODI) was 42-50 (45.7   2.7), and the average preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) was 8-10 (8.8   0.7). The American @entity3510 Association (ASIA) impairment scale was used to assess the @entity51 , and grade C in 1 @entity1 , grade D in 7 and grade E in 9 @entity1 . The operation time, @entity190 , complications, post-operative Cobb angle, ODI and VAS score at the follow-up were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The average duration of postoperative follow-up was 24-53 (34.5   7.1) months. The operation time was 180-400 (287.1   65.9) min, with an @entity190 of 350-1 300 (838.2   276.4) mL. The postoperative kyphotic angle was 3  -12   (6.1     3.0  ), and it was 7.5     2.6   at the final follow-up evaluation. The postoperative C7PLD was (3.6   3.9) mm and it was (3.4   2.3) mm at the final follow-up evaluation. Postoperatively, the ASIA impairment scale was grade D in 4 and grade E in 13 @entity1 . At the final follow-up ODI and VAS were reduced to an average of 5.2   2.4 and 2.4   1.0, respectively. @entity5173 was found in 2 @entity1 , deep wound @entity281 in 1, and @entity9 in 2. All the complications were relieved after conservative medical therapy. One @entity1 received additional surgery at postoperative 12 weeks due to breakage of posterior implants. Another screw pullout case was treated with reinsertion of larger screws at postoperative 4 months. Solid fusion was confirmed by plain film and CT scan in all @entity1 within 1 year after the surgery. CONCLUSION: Single-staged posterior transpedicular limited osteotomies is safe and effective to correct post-traumatic thoracolumbar @entity85 .

title: [Surgical correction of post-traumatic thoracolumbar XXXX with posterior transpedicular limited osteotomy technique].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['single-stage posterior transpedicularlimited osteotomies']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebrospinal fluid leakage']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['oswestry disability']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['kyphotic deformity', 'deformity treated with posterior limited transpedicular osteotomy']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['intercostal neuralgia']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['kyphotic deformity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity1 with severe @entity1545 (SBI) median-evoked somatosensory potentials (M-SSEP) serve as a prognostic tool. Bilateral loss of cortical responses (BLCR) is usually thought to be a reliable marker of poor prognosis. Prognostic accuracy to predict a poor outcome depends on the cause of @entity772 and is best in @entity2806 ( @entity2806 ) reaching almost 100% which is in contrast to @entity1 with other etiologies of @entity772 , especially @entity131 ( @entity131 ). Only little evidence exists on the possibility of electrophysiological recovery of BLCR in repeated or serial SSEP-examinations and detailed functional outcome in these cases. METHODS: 28 @entity1 (78.6% male, 21.4% female, mean age 43.1  18.6 years) from our in- @entity1 early (post-acute) neurorehabilitation center with BLCR in their first M-SSEP were re-examined after a mean interval of 66  55.8 days. SBI was caused by different etiologies. We retrospectively analyzed (a) the recovery rate from BLCR in consecutive M-SSEP and (b) the detailed functional outcome of those @entity1 with recovered cortical responses. RESULTS: 14/28 (50%) @entity1 with primarily BLCR showed re-occurrence of cortical potentials, either uni- or bilaterally. Of the 14 @entity1 , one died due to a non-neurological cause. Of the remaining 13 @entity1 6 - most of them suffering from @entity131 ( @entity131 ) - could be transferred to further continuing neurorehabilitation and achieved good functional long-term outcome. BLCR in @entity2806 still had a poor prognosis with none of our @entity1 achieving an outcome better than vegetative state. CONCLUSIONS: Electrophysiological recovery from primarily BLCR seems possible and is accompanied by good functional outcome in a relevant number of @entity1 . Thus caution is warranted in predicting a poor prognosis based predominantly on SSEP, especially in @entity1 with @entity131 . Focusing SSEP-examination on the early days after severe @entity1545 and performing only one examination in the case of BLCR may lead to systematic underestimation of the possibility of recovery.

title: Median-evoked somatosensory potentials in severe XXXX : does initial loss of cortical potentials exclude recovery?

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy', 'HIE']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1725 ( @entity1725 ) is a rare locoregional disease characterized by disseminated @entity5 . However, little is known about @entity1725 from urachal @entity5 as a result of its rarity. METHODS: A total of 9 @entity1 with @entity1725 of urachal origin were treated by cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in our institution. All specimens of surgeries were submitted for pathologic examination. Representative slides of @entity5 and normal urachus were submitted for immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Four @entity1 were @entity1 ; the median age was 48  years (range 27-65  years). Initial radiologic examination of all @entity1 showed a @entity5 located between posterior aspect of umbilicus and the dome of urinary bladder, with or without leaking mucin. Complete CRS and HIPEC were performed in all @entity1 . Until the latest follow-up, local recurrence occurred in 1 @entity1 . Other 8 @entity1 had a median disease-free survival of 27.5  months. Primary @entity5 of 9 cases were all mucinous @entity420 . Six @entity1 had low-grade mucinous @entity189 peritonei, and 3 @entity1 had high-grade mucinous @entity189 peritonei. Signet ring cells were noted in 4 @entity1 . All @entity5 specimens of 9 @entity1 were diffusive positive for @entity2225 , @entity6628 , @entity5091 , and @entity5089 , and were variant positive for @entity5822 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1725 arising from urachus comes from neoplastic cells with development of @entity4056 . It shares a similar pathophysiology as @entity1725 from appendix. CRS including total urethrectomy, partial cystectomy, and peritonectomy plus HIPEC can be considered as a new option of treatment for @entity1725 originating from urachus.

title: Cytoreductive Surgery Plus Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for XXXX Arising from Urachus.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'urachal tumors', 'intraperitoneal mucinous tumors', 'cystic tumor', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4056 :: ('MESH:D007414', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal-type mucinous neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1725 :: ('MESH:D011553', 'Disease') :: ['PMP', 'Pseudomyxoma peritonei']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1725 :: (MESH:D011553,Disease) :: ['Pseudomyxoma Peritonei']


abstract: Health care is embarking on a new era of increased transparency. In January 2015, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) began to publicly report outcomes of pediatric and congenital cardiac surgery using the 2014 Society of @entity299 Database (STS CHSD) Mortality Risk Model. Because the 2014 STS CHSD Mortality Risk Model adjusts for procedural factors and @entity1 -level factors, it is critical that centers are aware of the important impact of incomplete entry of data in the fields for @entity1 -level factors. These factors are used to estimate expected mortality, and incomplete coding of these factors can lead to inaccurate assessment of case mix and estimation of expected mortality. In order to assure an accurate assessment of case mix and estimate of expected mortality, it is critical to assure accurate completion of the fields for @entity1 factors, including preoperative factors. It is crucial to document variables such as whether the @entity1 was preoperatively ventilated or had an important noncardiac @entity154 . The lack of entry of these variables will lead to an underestimation of expected mortality. The art and science of assessing outcomes of pediatric and congenital cardiac surgery continues to evolve. In the future, when models have been developed that encompass other outcomes in addition to mortality, pediatric and congenital cardiac surgical performance may be able to be assessed using a multidomain composite metric that incorporates both mortality and morbidity, adjusting for the operation performed and for @entity1 -specific factors. It is our expectation that in the future, this information will also be publicly reported. In this era of increased transparency, the complete and accurate coding of both @entity1 -level factors and procedure-level factors is critical.

title: Transparency and Public Reporting of XXXX Outcomes in North America.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anatomic abnormality']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is a rare histologic subtype needing further characterization. The aim of our study was to compare @entity0 to @entity513 ( @entity513 ) of the breast and to identify demographic, clinicopathologic, treatment, and survival differences. METHODS: @entity0 and @entity513 @entity1 were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) public-use data set. @entity66 ( @entity66 ) differences were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess factors prognostic for @entity66 . To control for @entity5282 status, a subsequent planned analysis was completed for receptor-negative @entity0 and @entity513 . Lastly, a matched case-control analysis was conducted to minimize potential bias due to baseline demographic, clinical, and pathologic differences. RESULTS: The SEER data set included 1,011 @entity0 and 253,818 @entity513 @entity1 diagnosed from 2001 to 2010. @entity0 @entity1 had larger, higher grade @entity5 , had less frequent axillary nodal involvement, and were more likely to be treated with mastectomy. Five-year @entity66 rates were significantly worse for @entity1 with @entity0 than for @entity513 @entity1 (78 vs. 93  %, p  <  0.0001) and for @entity1 with receptor-negative @entity0 than receptor-negative @entity513 (77 vs. 85  %, p  <  0.0001). The findings were confirmed on matched analysis. Prognostic factors identified on multivariate analyses included age, @entity0 histology, @entity5 grade, T stage, and axillary lymph node involvement. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 @entity1 have shorter @entity66 than @entity513 @entity1 . Improved clinical and biological understanding of @entity0 may result in more effective therapy and better @entity5 outcomes.

title: Survival Outcomes of Metaplastic Breast Cancer XXXX : Results from a US Population-based Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Metaplastic breast cancer', 'MBC']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Disease-specific survival', 'DSS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['infiltrating ductal carcinoma', 'IDC']

entities_list: @entity5282 :: ('3164', 'Gene') :: ['hormone receptor']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Following @entity131 , both @entity22 and @entity73 are common. Unfortunately, little is known regarding the potential associations between these 2 symptoms during acute recovery. This study sought to prospectively examine the relationship between ratings of @entity22 and serial cognitive assessments among @entity131 acute neurorehabilitation admissions. METHODS: @entity1 were consecutive admissions to a free-standing rehabilitation hospital following moderate to severe @entity131 (Median Emergency Department Glasgow @entity772 Scale = 7). @entity1 were assessed for sleep-wake cycle disturbance (SWCD) and cognitive functioning at admission and with subsequent weekly examinations. @entity1 were grouped on the basis of presence (SWCD+) or absence (SWCD-) of @entity22 for each examination; groups were equivalent on demographic and injury variables. Individual Growth Curve modeling was used to examine course of Cognitive Test for @entity933 performance across examinations. RESULTS: Individual Growth Curve modeling revealed a significant interaction between examination number (ie, time) and SWCD group (b = -4.03, P < .001) on total Cognitive Test for @entity933 score. The SWCD+ ratings on later examinations were predicted to result in lower Cognitive Test for @entity933 scores and greater @entity73 over time. CONCLUSIONS: This study has implications for improving neurorehabilitation treatment, as targeting @entity22 for early intervention may facilitate cognitive recovery.

title: The Relationship Between Sleep-Wake Cycle Disturbance and Trajectory of Cognitive Recovery During Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['Delirium']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['sleep dysfunction']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['Traumatic Brain Injury']


abstract: @entity740 has reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations. New therapies are urgently sought. Using a combination of animal models of @entity8 and @entity1 biopsy samples, a pattern of dysregulated microRNA expression has emerged which is common to @entity102 . A number of these dysregulated microRNA have recently been shown to have functional consequences for the disease process and therefore may be potential therapeutic targets. We highlight @entity766 , the most comprehensively studied microRNA in the kidney so far. @entity766 is expressed widely in healthy kidney but studies from knockout @entity19 indicate it is largely inert. Although @entity766 is upregulated in many cell compartments including leukocytes, epithelial cells and myofibroblasts, the inert @entity766 also appears to become activated, by unclear mechanisms. @entity19 lacking @entity766 are protected from @entity8 and @entity82 in several distinct models of @entity8 , and systemically administered oligonucleotides that specifically bind to the active site in @entity766 , inhibiting its function, recapitulate the genetic deletion of @entity766 , suggesting inhibitory oligonucleotides may have therapeutic potential. Recent studies of @entity766 targets in kidney indicate that it normally functions to silence metabolic pathways including @entity844 metabolism and pathways that prevent Reactive @entity26 Species generation in peroxisomes and mitochondria in epithelial cells and myofibroblasts. Targeting specific pathogenic microRNAs in a specific manner is feasible in vivo and may be a new therapeutic target in disease of the kidney.

title: MicroRNAs are potential therapeutic targets in fibrosing XXXX : lessons from animal models.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney injury', 'kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic disease of the kidneys']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['kidney disease']


abstract: Malignant Infantile @entity2525 (MIOP) is a rare @entity74 due to osteoclast abnormal activity. We report a thirteen month-old male @entity1 , diagnosed as MIOP while investigating the cause of @entity828 associated with @entity1276 . His medical history revealed non consanguineous parents and one brother's death at the same age of unknown etiology (similar symptoms). Systemic examination showed @entity828 , @entity851 , developmental milestones delay, and rickets features. Ophthalmic exam yielded bilateral @entity1952 . Skeleton radiographs detected generalized dense bone and rickets. Cerebral CT scan revealed @entity1276 . Histological examination showed hypoplastic bone marrow and extra-medullary hematopoeisis. Diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing that showed two heterozygote mutations within the @entity25015 gene. The @entity1 received supportive treatment. He died from an acute @entity649 . MIOP should be kept in mind as a rare cause of @entity828 . Early diagnosis and timely Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are the only curative approach for an otherwise fatal disease.

title: Malignant infantile XXXX : case report with review of literature.

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth failure']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity828 :: ('MESH:C535727', 'Disease') :: ['hepatosplenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic disorder']

entities_list: @entity2525 :: ('MESH:D010022', 'Disease') :: ['Osteopetrosis']

answer: @entity2525 :: (MESH:D010022,Disease) :: ['osteopetrosis']