abstract: PURPOSE: Breast @entity5 survivors have a high risk of @entity204 as a consequence of heart irradiation during left breast tangential radiotherapy (RT). This study compares the cardiac dose delivered by standard 3D conformal tangential RT (CRT) to that delivered by prospective-gating RT (PGRT) or 5-field intensity-modulated RT (IMRT). METHODS: @entity1 with early left @entity0 , referred for adjuvant RT to our institution, were enrolled in this study. For each @entity1 , 2 simulation computed tomography scans were acquired: the first during free breathing, and the second on prospective gating during deep inspiration breath-hold. The scans were monitored by the Varian RPM    respiratory gating system. For each @entity1 , 3 treatment plans were performed: a 3D-CRT and an IMRT plan, each based on the free-breathing scan, and a PGRT plan, based on the deep inspiration breath-hold scan. Dose-volume histograms were compared by means of the Friedman test. RESULTS: The median mean heart dose was 3 Gy (range 0.9-7.3 Gy) in the CRT plans, 1.9 Gy (range 0.5-3.6 Gy) in the PGRT plans, and 4.5 Gy (range 1.1-10.5 Gy) in the IMRT plans (p = 0.001). The mean heart V25 was 1.2% (range 0%-9.7%), 0% (range 0%-2.0%), and 0.2% (range 0%-7.3%) for CRT, PGRT, and IMRT plans, respectively (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Prospective-gating RT to the left breast offered the best protection of heart and lung, as well as a lower irradiation of the contralateral breast, compared to CRT or IMRT.

title: Reducing heart dose during left XXXX radiotherapy: comparison among 3 radiation techniques.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: In order to help clarify the clinical importance of @entity102 , we describe our experience of 28 @entity1 with this disorder who were seen over a 2-yr period. Twenty @entity1 were male. Twenty-four @entity1 presented with @entity490 , for which no cause other than @entity102 was found in 20 @entity1 . Ten @entity1 had @entity158 for more than 1 yr. Three @entity1 presented with painless vomiting. The antrum was involved in 27 @entity1 and the body in 17 @entity1 . There was no correlation between the number of @entity2681 and the duration of symptoms. Double contrast barium meal was positive in nine of 21 @entity1 . Of 19 @entity1 treated with @entity4444 , 15 improved clinically and six of eight had endoscopic improvement. The treatment of choice is unknown and controlled trials are needed. Symptoms in @entity1 with @entity102 appear to be due to the @entity3621 itself rather than to associated lesions.

title: XXXX : a clinical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4444 :: ('MESH:D002927', 'Chemical') :: ['cimetidine']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic erosive gastritis']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['Chronic erosive gastritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively evaluate quantitative parameters derived from routine coronary CT angiography (cCTA) for predicting lesion-specific @entity63 in comparison to invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR). BACKGROUND: The ability of cCTA to gauge lesion-specific @entity63 is limited. Several quantitative parameters have been proposed to enhance the specificity of cCTA, such as morphologic indices (lesion length/minimal lumen diameter(4) [LL/ @entity8431 (4)]; percentage aggregate plaque volume [%APV]) and a measure of intracoronary contrast gradients (corrected coronary opacification [CCO]). METHODS: Forty-nine @entity1 who had undergone cCTA followed by FFR within 3  months were included. An experienced observer visually assessed all cCTA studies and derived multiple measures characterizing the lesion of interest, including LL, @entity8431 , minimal lumen area (MLA), LL/ @entity8431 (4), remodeling index, %APV, and CCO. Lesion-specific @entity63 was considered with FFR <0.8. RESULTS: Among 56 lesions, 13 were flow-obstructing by FFR. On univariate analysis, LL, @entity8431 , LL/ @entity8431 (4), and CCO showed discriminatory power. The area under the curve of LL/ @entity8431 (4) (0.909) was significantly greater compared with @entity8431 (0.802, P  =  0.014), LL (0.739, P  =  0.041), and CCO (0.809), although the latter did not reach statistical significance (P  =  0.175). On multivariate regression, LL/ @entity8431 (4) was the only independent predictor of lesion-specific @entity63 (odds ratio 2.021, P  =  0.001). Moreover, LL/ @entity8431 (4) compared favorably to visual cCTA evaluation. CONCLUSION: LL/ @entity8431 (4) derived from routine cCTA can enhance the detection of lesion-specific @entity63 and may be superior to other described quantitative parameters.

title: Comparison of quantitative stenosis characteristics at routine coronary computed tomography angiography with invasive fractional flow reserve for assessing lesion-specific XXXX .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity4094 often have an increased risk of @entity55 and @entity6314 , which may further be compromised by @entity1635 . @entity1635 surgery may improve pulmonary function in otherwise healthy @entity1 , but no study has evaluated its effect on the risk of @entity55 in @entity1 with @entity4094 ( @entity4094 ). METHODS: The @entity1 charts of 42 @entity1 (mean age 14.6  years) who had undergone surgery for severe @entity4094 (mean @entity1635 86  ) were retrospectively reviewed from birth to a mean of 6.1 years (range 2.8-9.5) after @entity1635 surgery. The main outcome was radiographically confirmed @entity55 as a primary cause for hospitalization. We excluded postoperative (3  months) @entity55 from the analyses. RESULTS: The lifetime annual incidence of @entity55 was 8.0/100 before and 13.4/100 after @entity1635 surgery (p  >  0.10). The mean number of hospital days per year due to @entity55 were 0.59 (SD 2.3) before @entity1635 surgery and 2.24 (SD 6.9) after surgery (p  >  0.10). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lifetime risk factors for @entity55 were @entity302 (RR 15.2, 95  % CI 1.3-176.8, p  =  0.027), @entity306 ( @entity306 ) etiology (RR  =  10.2, 95  % CI 3.2-32.7, p  <  0.001) and major @entity1635 (main curve >70  ; RR  =  11.3, 95  % CI 1.8-70.7, p  =  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity302 , non- @entity306 etiology and major @entity1635 are significant risk factors for @entity55 in @entity1 with @entity4094 . @entity1635 surgery does not decrease the incidence of @entity55 in @entity1 with severe @entity4094 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective comparative study, Level III.

title: The lifetime risk of @entity55 in @entity1 with XXXX at a mean age of 21  years: the role of spinal deformity surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['NMS', 'neuromuscular disorders', 'neuromuscular scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity6314 :: ('MESH:D006315', 'Disease') :: ['decreased lung function']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['Scoliosis', 'scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'Epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['non-cerebral palsy', 'CP']

answer: @entity4094 :: (MESH:D009468,Disease) :: ['neuromuscular scoliosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity4094 often have an increased risk of @entity55 and @entity6314 , which may further be compromised by @entity1635 . @entity1635 surgery may improve pulmonary function in otherwise healthy @entity1 , but no study has evaluated its effect on the risk of @entity55 in @entity1 with @entity4094 ( @entity4094 ). METHODS: The @entity1 charts of 42 @entity1 (mean age 14.6  years) who had undergone surgery for severe @entity4094 (mean @entity1635 86  ) were retrospectively reviewed from birth to a mean of 6.1 years (range 2.8-9.5) after @entity1635 surgery. The main outcome was radiographically confirmed @entity55 as a primary cause for hospitalization. We excluded postoperative (3  months) @entity55 from the analyses. RESULTS: The lifetime annual incidence of @entity55 was 8.0/100 before and 13.4/100 after @entity1635 surgery (p  >  0.10). The mean number of hospital days per year due to @entity55 were 0.59 (SD 2.3) before @entity1635 surgery and 2.24 (SD 6.9) after surgery (p  >  0.10). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lifetime risk factors for @entity55 were @entity302 (RR 15.2, 95  % CI 1.3-176.8, p  =  0.027), @entity306 ( @entity306 ) etiology (RR  =  10.2, 95  % CI 3.2-32.7, p  <  0.001) and major @entity1635 (main curve >70  ; RR  =  11.3, 95  % CI 1.8-70.7, p  =  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity302 , non- @entity306 etiology and major @entity1635 are significant risk factors for @entity55 in @entity1 with @entity4094 . @entity1635 surgery does not decrease the incidence of @entity55 in @entity1 with severe @entity4094 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective comparative study, Level III.

title: The lifetime risk of XXXX in @entity1 with @entity4094 at a mean age of 21  years: the role of spinal deformity surgery.

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity4094 often have an increased risk of @entity55 and @entity6314 , which may further be compromised by @entity1635 . @entity1635 surgery may improve pulmonary function in otherwise healthy @entity1 , but no study has evaluated its effect on the risk of @entity55 in @entity1 with @entity4094 ( @entity4094 ). METHODS: The @entity1 charts of 42 @entity1 (mean age 14.6  years) who had undergone surgery for severe @entity4094 (mean @entity1635 86  ) were retrospectively reviewed from birth to a mean of 6.1 years (range 2.8-9.5) after @entity1635 surgery. The main outcome was radiographically confirmed @entity55 as a primary cause for hospitalization. We excluded postoperative (3  months) @entity55 from the analyses. RESULTS: The lifetime annual incidence of @entity55 was 8.0/100 before and 13.4/100 after @entity1635 surgery (p  >  0.10). The mean number of hospital days per year due to @entity55 were 0.59 (SD 2.3) before @entity1635 surgery and 2.24 (SD 6.9) after surgery (p  >  0.10). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lifetime risk factors for @entity55 were @entity302 (RR 15.2, 95  % CI 1.3-176.8, p  =  0.027), @entity306 ( @entity306 ) etiology (RR  =  10.2, 95  % CI 3.2-32.7, p  <  0.001) and major @entity1635 (main curve >70  ; RR  =  11.3, 95  % CI 1.8-70.7, p  =  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity302 , non- @entity306 etiology and major @entity1635 are significant risk factors for @entity55 in @entity1 with @entity4094 . @entity1635 surgery does not decrease the incidence of @entity55 in @entity1 with severe @entity4094 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective comparative study, Level III.

title: The lifetime risk of @entity55 in XXXX with @entity4094 at a mean age of 21  years: the role of spinal deformity surgery.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Between January 1982 and December 1986, among the 750 @entity1 with the @entity791 ( @entity791 ) who were treated at two adjacent hospitals in New York City, 78 (10.4 percent) needed evaluation for @entity8 . Reversible @entity810 due to @entity130 , @entity63 , or both was present in 23 @entity1 (30 percent) (Group I). The remaining 55 (70 percent) had massive @entity644 , @entity2629 , or both ( @entity791 -associated @entity8 ; Group II), and irreversible @entity5507 developed in 43. In an additional 18 @entity1 , all of whom had a history of intravenous narcotic drug use, @entity791 was diagnosed after the initiation of maintenance hemodialysis for @entity177 (Group III). Survival for more than six months after the onset of @entity5507 occurred in only two subjects in Group II; all @entity1 in Group III died within three months of the diagnosis of @entity791 . @entity204 in the @entity1 in Groups II and III followed a syndrome of "failure to thrive" characterized by inanition unresponsive to intensive nutritional support and hemodialysis. In contrast, 8 of 17 @entity1 with @entity810 (Group I) and a serum @entity1011 concentration above 6 mg per deciliter regained renal function (serum @entity1011 level, less than 2.0 mg per deciliter). Four of the seven lived for 10 to 24 months, whereas the other four died of @entity295 within a month. Our observations suggest that maintenance hemodialysis is not effective in prolonging life either in @entity1 with @entity791 -associated @entity8 and @entity5507 or in @entity1 with @entity454 in whom @entity791 develops during the course of maintenance dialysis. Hemodialysis may be useful in the management of potentially reversible @entity810 in @entity1 with @entity791 .

title: The types of XXXX in the @entity791 .

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy', 'renal disorders']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury']

entities_list: @entity5507 :: ('MESH:D014511', 'Disease') :: ['chronic uremia', 'uremia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome', 'AIDS']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotoxic injury']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal failure']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal disease']


abstract: Between January 1982 and December 1986, among the 750 @entity1 with the @entity791 ( @entity791 ) who were treated at two adjacent hospitals in New York City, 78 (10.4 percent) needed evaluation for @entity8 . Reversible @entity810 due to @entity130 , @entity63 , or both was present in 23 @entity1 (30 percent) (Group I). The remaining 55 (70 percent) had massive @entity644 , @entity2629 , or both ( @entity791 -associated @entity8 ; Group II), and irreversible @entity5507 developed in 43. In an additional 18 @entity1 , all of whom had a history of intravenous narcotic drug use, @entity791 was diagnosed after the initiation of maintenance hemodialysis for @entity177 (Group III). Survival for more than six months after the onset of @entity5507 occurred in only two subjects in Group II; all @entity1 in Group III died within three months of the diagnosis of @entity791 . @entity204 in the @entity1 in Groups II and III followed a syndrome of "failure to thrive" characterized by inanition unresponsive to intensive nutritional support and hemodialysis. In contrast, 8 of 17 @entity1 with @entity810 (Group I) and a serum @entity1011 concentration above 6 mg per deciliter regained renal function (serum @entity1011 level, less than 2.0 mg per deciliter). Four of the seven lived for 10 to 24 months, whereas the other four died of @entity295 within a month. Our observations suggest that maintenance hemodialysis is not effective in prolonging life either in @entity1 with @entity791 -associated @entity8 and @entity5507 or in @entity1 with @entity454 in whom @entity791 develops during the course of maintenance dialysis. Hemodialysis may be useful in the management of potentially reversible @entity810 in @entity1 with @entity791 .

title: The types of @entity8 in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome']


abstract: Single-celled organisms have different strategies to sense and utilize nutrients in their ever-changing environments. The opportunistic fungal pathogen @entity5132 is a common member of the @entity1 microbiota, especially that of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. An important question concerns how @entity5132 gained a competitive advantage over other microbes to become a successful commensal and opportunistic pathogen. Here, we report that @entity5132 uses @entity3954 ( @entity4826 ), an abundant @entity505 source present in the GI tract, as a signal for nutrient availability. When placed in water, @entity5132 cells normally enter the G0 phase and remain viable for weeks. However, they quickly lose viability when cultured in water containing only @entity4826 . We term this phenomenon @entity4826 -induced cell death (GICD). @entity4826 triggers the upregulation of ribosomal biogenesis genes, alterations of mitochondrial metabolism, and the accumulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS), followed by rapid cell death via both apoptotic and @entity39 mechanisms. Multiple pathways, including the conserved @entity1919 ( @entity268 ) signaling and @entity4826 catabolic pathways, are involved in GICD. @entity4826 acts as a signaling molecule to regulate multiple cellular programs in a coordinated manner and therefore maximizes the efficiency of nutrient use. This adaptive behavior allows @entity5132 ' more efficient colonization of the gut. IMPORTANCE: The ability to rapidly and appropriately respond to nutrients in the environment is crucial to free-living microorganisms. To maximize the use of available nutrients, microorganisms often use a limiting nutritional component as a signal to coordinate multiple biological processes. The @entity1 fungal pathogen @entity5132 uses @entity3954 ( @entity4826 ) as a signal for the availability of external nutrient resources. @entity4826 induces rapid cell death in @entity5132 due to the constitutive activation of oxidative metabolism and accumulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS), and multiple pathways are involved in its regulation. This study sheds light on the mechanisms of niche specialization of pathogenic fungi and raises the possibility that this cell death pathway could be an unexplored therapeutic target.

title: XXXX -Induced Cell Death in @entity5132 and Its Implications for Adaptive Mechanisms of Nutrient Sensing in Yeasts.

entities_list: @entity3954 :: ('CHEBI:28009', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylglucosamine']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans', 'C.  albicans']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

answer: @entity3954 :: (CHEBI:28009,Chemical) :: ['N-Acetylglucosamine']


abstract: Single-celled organisms have different strategies to sense and utilize nutrients in their ever-changing environments. The opportunistic fungal pathogen @entity5132 is a common member of the @entity1 microbiota, especially that of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. An important question concerns how @entity5132 gained a competitive advantage over other microbes to become a successful commensal and opportunistic pathogen. Here, we report that @entity5132 uses @entity3954 ( @entity4826 ), an abundant @entity505 source present in the GI tract, as a signal for nutrient availability. When placed in water, @entity5132 cells normally enter the G0 phase and remain viable for weeks. However, they quickly lose viability when cultured in water containing only @entity4826 . We term this phenomenon @entity4826 -induced cell death (GICD). @entity4826 triggers the upregulation of ribosomal biogenesis genes, alterations of mitochondrial metabolism, and the accumulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS), followed by rapid cell death via both apoptotic and @entity39 mechanisms. Multiple pathways, including the conserved @entity1919 ( @entity268 ) signaling and @entity4826 catabolic pathways, are involved in GICD. @entity4826 acts as a signaling molecule to regulate multiple cellular programs in a coordinated manner and therefore maximizes the efficiency of nutrient use. This adaptive behavior allows @entity5132 ' more efficient colonization of the gut. IMPORTANCE: The ability to rapidly and appropriately respond to nutrients in the environment is crucial to free-living microorganisms. To maximize the use of available nutrients, microorganisms often use a limiting nutritional component as a signal to coordinate multiple biological processes. The @entity1 fungal pathogen @entity5132 uses @entity3954 ( @entity4826 ) as a signal for the availability of external nutrient resources. @entity4826 induces rapid cell death in @entity5132 due to the constitutive activation of oxidative metabolism and accumulation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS), and multiple pathways are involved in its regulation. This study sheds light on the mechanisms of niche specialization of pathogenic fungi and raises the possibility that this cell death pathway could be an unexplored therapeutic target.

title: @entity3954 -Induced Cell Death in XXXX and Its Implications for Adaptive Mechanisms of Nutrient Sensing in Yeasts.

answer: @entity5132 :: (5476,Species) :: ['Candida albicans']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the effect of a single intracameral injection of @entity2995 at the end of pediatric traumatic @entity231 surgery on postoperative @entity32 . METHODS: This prospective interventional study comprised 40 eyes of @entity1 with unilateral traumatic @entity231 . @entity1 were classified into 2 groups: the study group, in which intraoperative intracameral @entity2995 (2 mg) was used at the end of surgery; and a control group, which did not receive intracameral @entity2995 . RESULTS: The study group included 20 eyes of @entity1 with an average age of 6    2.8 years. The control group included 20 eyes of @entity1 with an average age of 6    2.1 years. No serious intraoperative complications occurred. In the immediate postoperative period, 3 eyes of the control group (15.0%) developed a fibrinous anterior chamber reaction. None of the study group eyes developed a similar reaction. There were no cases of @entity3225 . In addition, 3 eyes (15%) in the control group had obscuration of the @entity227 at the last follow-up. This complication was not encountered in the study group. @entity5862 and cellular deposits were observed in 4 eyes (20%) in the study group and 8 eyes (40%) in the control group at 1 month and at the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The use of intracameral @entity2713 decreased anterior segment @entity32 postoperatively in @entity1 who had surgery for traumatic @entity231 .

title: Effect of intracameral XXXX on postoperative intraocular inflammation in pediatric traumatic @entity231 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2995 :: ('MESH:D014222', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual axis']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity5862 :: ('MESH:D006175', 'Disease') :: ['Posterior synechiae']

entities_list: @entity3225 :: ('MESH:D009877', 'Disease') :: ['endophthalmitis']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity2995 :: (MESH:D014222,Chemical) :: ['triamcinolone acetonide']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the effect of a single intracameral injection of @entity2995 at the end of pediatric traumatic @entity231 surgery on postoperative @entity32 . METHODS: This prospective interventional study comprised 40 eyes of @entity1 with unilateral traumatic @entity231 . @entity1 were classified into 2 groups: the study group, in which intraoperative intracameral @entity2995 (2 mg) was used at the end of surgery; and a control group, which did not receive intracameral @entity2995 . RESULTS: The study group included 20 eyes of @entity1 with an average age of 6    2.8 years. The control group included 20 eyes of @entity1 with an average age of 6    2.1 years. No serious intraoperative complications occurred. In the immediate postoperative period, 3 eyes of the control group (15.0%) developed a fibrinous anterior chamber reaction. None of the study group eyes developed a similar reaction. There were no cases of @entity3225 . In addition, 3 eyes (15%) in the control group had obscuration of the @entity227 at the last follow-up. This complication was not encountered in the study group. @entity5862 and cellular deposits were observed in 4 eyes (20%) in the study group and 8 eyes (40%) in the control group at 1 month and at the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The use of intracameral @entity2713 decreased anterior segment @entity32 postoperatively in @entity1 who had surgery for traumatic @entity231 .

title: Effect of intracameral @entity2995 on postoperative intraocular inflammation in pediatric traumatic XXXX .

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity298 , a very rare and lethal malignancy, has not been investigated as extensively as @entity2615 , although the role of @entity1355 exposure in its occurrence is well-known. Data from Italy are relevant, as it was the largest European @entity1355 producer, and @entity1355 was widely used in many economic activities. METHODS: A population-based mortality and incidence analysis was performed in Italy. Data sources were the National Multiple-causes-of- @entity204 Database (1995-2010) and the Italian Mesothelioma Register (1993-2008). RESULTS: We found an increasing trend of age standardized mortality rates in @entity1 , but no clear trend in @entity1 ; moreover, we showed significant risks of @entity204 in several northern regions, formerly heavy @entity1355 users; finally, mortality/incidence ratios similar for both genders (about 0.8) were estimated. CONCLUSIONS: The study, based on national data, showed a higher risk of mortality from and incidence of @entity298 in areas with formerly heavy exposure to @entity1355 . Am. J. Ind. Med.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: XXXX in Italy: Trends and geography of mortality and incidence.

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal mesothelioma', 'Peritoneal mesothelioma']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['Peritoneal mesothelioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report transumbilical @entity1416 of a large @entity2457 ( @entity2548 ) in a low-birth-weight neonate with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). CASE PRESENTATION: A female neonate was delivered by cesarean section at 31  weeks of gestation. Her birth weight was 1538  g and Apgar scores were 6 at both 1 and 5  min. Because of @entity1353 and retracted respiration immediately after birth, she required mechanical ventilation. Ultrasound revealed right cardiac overload and a large cystic mass at the posterior brain. Magnetic resonance imaging on day 1 showed a large dural @entity2548 ( @entity50 with arteriovenous (AV) shunts) at the torcular herophili. Umbilical artery and vein catheterization were performed on the same day for neurointervention. @entity712 prompted emergency embolization on day 8. The transfemoral arterial route could not be used because of its small size and compromised femoral artery blood flow. Transumbilical @entity1416 shrank the AV shunts markedly, resulting in clinical improvement, thus requiring no further intervention. Follow-up angiography at 4  months confirmed no residual @entity2548 . Her growth and development were normal at the last follow-up at age 4  years. CONCLUSION: This @entity1 apparently was the lowest birth weight neonate with a large @entity2548 successfully treated by embolization, which is usually performed through the transfemoral arterial route. The transumbilical arterial route is an alternative for neonates with birth weight <2000  g and very small femoral arteries.

title: Transumbilical @entity1416 of a large @entity2457 in a low-birth-weight neonate with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['arterial embolization']

entities_list: @entity2457 :: ('MESH:D020785', 'Disease') :: ['dural arteriovenous fistula']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['dural sinus malformation']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['congestive heart failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report transumbilical @entity1416 of a large @entity2457 ( @entity2548 ) in a low-birth-weight neonate with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). CASE PRESENTATION: A female neonate was delivered by cesarean section at 31  weeks of gestation. Her birth weight was 1538  g and Apgar scores were 6 at both 1 and 5  min. Because of @entity1353 and retracted respiration immediately after birth, she required mechanical ventilation. Ultrasound revealed right cardiac overload and a large cystic mass at the posterior brain. Magnetic resonance imaging on day 1 showed a large dural @entity2548 ( @entity50 with arteriovenous (AV) shunts) at the torcular herophili. Umbilical artery and vein catheterization were performed on the same day for neurointervention. @entity712 prompted emergency embolization on day 8. The transfemoral arterial route could not be used because of its small size and compromised femoral artery blood flow. Transumbilical @entity1416 shrank the AV shunts markedly, resulting in clinical improvement, thus requiring no further intervention. Follow-up angiography at 4  months confirmed no residual @entity2548 . Her growth and development were normal at the last follow-up at age 4  years. CONCLUSION: This @entity1 apparently was the lowest birth weight neonate with a large @entity2548 successfully treated by embolization, which is usually performed through the transfemoral arterial route. The transumbilical arterial route is an alternative for neonates with birth weight <2000  g and very small femoral arteries.

title: Transumbilical XXXX of a large @entity2457 in a low-birth-weight neonate with @entity712 .

answer: @entity1416 :: (MESH:D020762,Disease) :: ['arterial embolization']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report transumbilical @entity1416 of a large @entity2457 ( @entity2548 ) in a low-birth-weight neonate with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). CASE PRESENTATION: A female neonate was delivered by cesarean section at 31  weeks of gestation. Her birth weight was 1538  g and Apgar scores were 6 at both 1 and 5  min. Because of @entity1353 and retracted respiration immediately after birth, she required mechanical ventilation. Ultrasound revealed right cardiac overload and a large cystic mass at the posterior brain. Magnetic resonance imaging on day 1 showed a large dural @entity2548 ( @entity50 with arteriovenous (AV) shunts) at the torcular herophili. Umbilical artery and vein catheterization were performed on the same day for neurointervention. @entity712 prompted emergency embolization on day 8. The transfemoral arterial route could not be used because of its small size and compromised femoral artery blood flow. Transumbilical @entity1416 shrank the AV shunts markedly, resulting in clinical improvement, thus requiring no further intervention. Follow-up angiography at 4  months confirmed no residual @entity2548 . Her growth and development were normal at the last follow-up at age 4  years. CONCLUSION: This @entity1 apparently was the lowest birth weight neonate with a large @entity2548 successfully treated by embolization, which is usually performed through the transfemoral arterial route. The transumbilical arterial route is an alternative for neonates with birth weight <2000  g and very small femoral arteries.

title: Transumbilical @entity1416 of a large XXXX in a low-birth-weight neonate with @entity712 .

answer: @entity2457 :: (MESH:D020785,Disease) :: ['dural arteriovenous fistula']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk factors and comorbidities associated with @entity2183 in @entity1 and @entity1 aged >=   40  years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The EpiLUTS study was an Internet-based cross-sectional, population-representative survey involving 30,000 @entity1 and @entity1 from the USA, UK and Sweden evaluating lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) using the LUTS Tool. A secondary analysis of the EpiLUTS data using @entity1 with @entity2183 was performed. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the data. Logistic regressions were used to analyse associations of comorbid conditions and risk factors in @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity2183 >=   2. RESULTS: With a 59% response rate, @entity2183 >=   1 was quite common at 69% in @entity1 and 76% in @entity1 ; 28% @entity1 and 34% @entity1 had @entity2183 >=   2. Age, body mass index (in @entity1 ), Hispanic and Black responders, @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity148 and @entity308 and a history of bed-wetting were significantly associated with @entity2183 >=   2. @entity625 , @entity565 , @entity6 , @entity299 , @entity29 , @entity1494 , uterine prolapse, hysterectomy and menopausal status were all significantly associated with @entity2183 >=   2 in @entity1 . @entity1069 and @entity263 were significant in @entity1 with @entity2183 >=   2. British and Swedish @entity1 had a lesser risk of @entity2183 >=   2. CONCLUSION: @entity2183 is a highly prevalent condition associated with various risk factors and comorbidities. Treatment of @entity2183 should be aimed at these causes in a multidisciplinary fashion. Further studies are needed to look specifically at these conditions in the pathophysiology of @entity2183 .

title: XXXX : risk factors and associated comorbidities; findings from the EpiLUTS study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['Prostatitis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder infection']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2183 :: ('MESH:D053158', 'Disease') :: ['nocturia', 'Nocturia']

answer: @entity2183 :: (MESH:D053158,Disease) :: ['Nocturia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3444 is thought to be a self-limiting condition best treated by conservative measures, but despite this many @entity1 have a prolonged duration of symptoms and surgery may be indicated. @entity4438 release is reported to have a short-term success rate of up to 80%, but anecdotally this was not thought to represent our local experience. METHODS: An audit of long-term @entity1 -reported outcomes following open @entity1411 release was performed. A total of 30 @entity1 (33 feet) were identified over a 10-year period and case notes were reviewed. @entity1 were contacted by letter and invited to complete 2 validated @entity1 -reported outcome score questionnaires (Visual Analog Scale-Foot and Ankle [VAS-FA] and Manchester Oxford Foot Questionnaire [MOXFQ]). Responses were received from 24 @entity1 (26 feet). The average ages were 42.4 (range 24-61) for male and 46.2 (range 33-60) for female @entity1 , with a female/male ratio of 2.7:1. The average duration of treatment prior to operative intervention was 3.1 years (range 1-5). Preoperatively, our cohort underwent a range of conservative measures. All @entity1 were reviewed postoperatively, and average time from surgery to completion of questionnaires was 80 months (range 14-130). RESULTS: The outcomes were worse in @entity1 who had received preoperative @entity479 injections and this was found to be statistically significant. The mean MOXFQ score was 33.6    3.9 (0-64). Mean VAS-FA score was 57.8    4.9 (24-100). CONCLUSION: This study found a negative correlation between duration of follow-up and outcome, in both MOXFQ and VAS-FA, showing that @entity1 continued to improve many years postoperatively. The authors also found worse outcomes with preoperative @entity479 injections, better outcomes in older @entity1 , and a weak gender bias, suggesting results in @entity1 were better than those in @entity1 . A prolonged recovery period and generally poor outcomes leads the authors to suggest that @entity1538 release is of questionable clinical value and that @entity1 may improve in the natural course of the disease, in spite of surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, comparative study.

title: Long-Term Outcome of XXXX Release.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open plantar fascia']

entities_list: @entity4438 :: ('MESH:C563219', 'Disease') :: ['Partial plantar fascial']

entities_list: @entity3444 :: ('MESH:D036981', 'Disease') :: ['Plantar fasciitis']

entities_list: @entity1411 :: ('MESH:D016523', 'Disease') :: ['partial plantar fascia']

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['Open Plantar Fascia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unplanned readmission after surgical procedures is an important quality metric. Yet, readmission rates and causes have not been evaluated for @entity1 after transsphenoidal surgery for @entity977 . OBJECTIVE: To analyze unplanned 30-day readmissions at a pituitary center and to encourage the development of effective clinical pathways to prevent readmission. METHODS: A retrospective review of adult @entity1 who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions at Barrow Neurological Institute (January 2011-March 2014) was performed to identify causes of unplanned readmission within 30 days of surgery. @entity1 demographics, @entity5 details, surgical complications, and endocrine function were documented. RESULTS: Of 303 @entity1 who had transsphenoidal surgery, 27 (8.9%) were readmitted within 30 days. Most of the 27 (15 [55.6%]) had delayed @entity2753 . Other causes were @entity2010 (4 [14.8%]), @entity1887 (2 [7.4%]), and @entity5173 , @entity1415 , @entity943 , @entity55 , @entity293 , and @entity4053 (1 each [3.7%]). Outpatient @entity1372 screening was performed as needed. In cases of @entity2753 , the mean postoperative day of readmission was day 8 (range, 6-12 days) and the mean serum @entity1372 was 119 mmol/L (range, 111-129 mmol/L). Numerous @entity1 and surgical factors were examined, and no specific predictors of readmission were identified. We developed an outpatient care pathway for managing @entity2753 with the goal of improving readmission rates. CONCLUSION: This study establishes a quality benchmark for readmission rates after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions and identifies delayed @entity2753 as the primary cause. Implementation of an outpatient care pathway for managing @entity2753 may improve readmission rates. ABBREVIATIONS: CMS, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid ServicesDI, @entity6 , syndrome of inappropriate @entity3488 .

title: Delayed @entity2753 Is the Most Common Cause of 30-Day Unplanned Readmission After Transsphenoidal Surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidusSIADH']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity1887 :: ('MESH:D000309', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrospinal fluid leak']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumors']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity3488 :: ('551', 'Gene') :: ['antidiuretic hormone']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['Pituitary Tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unplanned readmission after surgical procedures is an important quality metric. Yet, readmission rates and causes have not been evaluated for @entity1 after transsphenoidal surgery for @entity977 . OBJECTIVE: To analyze unplanned 30-day readmissions at a pituitary center and to encourage the development of effective clinical pathways to prevent readmission. METHODS: A retrospective review of adult @entity1 who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions at Barrow Neurological Institute (January 2011-March 2014) was performed to identify causes of unplanned readmission within 30 days of surgery. @entity1 demographics, @entity5 details, surgical complications, and endocrine function were documented. RESULTS: Of 303 @entity1 who had transsphenoidal surgery, 27 (8.9%) were readmitted within 30 days. Most of the 27 (15 [55.6%]) had delayed @entity2753 . Other causes were @entity2010 (4 [14.8%]), @entity1887 (2 [7.4%]), and @entity5173 , @entity1415 , @entity943 , @entity55 , @entity293 , and @entity4053 (1 each [3.7%]). Outpatient @entity1372 screening was performed as needed. In cases of @entity2753 , the mean postoperative day of readmission was day 8 (range, 6-12 days) and the mean serum @entity1372 was 119 mmol/L (range, 111-129 mmol/L). Numerous @entity1 and surgical factors were examined, and no specific predictors of readmission were identified. We developed an outpatient care pathway for managing @entity2753 with the goal of improving readmission rates. CONCLUSION: This study establishes a quality benchmark for readmission rates after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions and identifies delayed @entity2753 as the primary cause. Implementation of an outpatient care pathway for managing @entity2753 may improve readmission rates. ABBREVIATIONS: CMS, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid ServicesDI, @entity6 , syndrome of inappropriate @entity3488 .

title: Delayed XXXX Is the Most Common Cause of 30-Day Unplanned Readmission After Transsphenoidal Surgery for @entity977 .

answer: @entity2753 :: (MESH:D007010,Disease) :: ['Hyponatremia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Animals change their behavior in response to sensory cues in the environment as well as their physiological status. For example, it is generally accepted that their sexual behavior is modulated according to seasonal environmental changes or the individual's maturational/reproductive status, and neuropeptides have been suggested to play important roles in this process. Some behavioral modulation arises from neuropeptide modulation of sensory information processing in the central nervous system, but the neural mechanisms still remain unknown. Here, we focused on the neural basis of neuropeptide modulation of visual processing in vertebrates. The terminal nerve neurons that contain gonadotropin releasing hormone 3 (TN- @entity57391 neurons) are suggested to modulate reproductive behavior and have massive projections to the optic tectum (OT), which plays an important role in visual processing. In the present study, to examine whether @entity57391 modulates retino-tectal neurotransmission in the OT, we analyzed the effect of @entity57391 electrophysiologically and morphologically. We found that field potentials evoked by optic tract fiber stimulation, which represent the retino-tectal neurotransmission, were modulated postsynaptically by @entity57391 . Whole-cell recording from the postsynaptic neurons in the retino-tectal pathway suggested that @entity57391 activates BK channels and thereby suppresses the membrane excitability. Furthermore, our improved morphological analysis using fluorescently labeled @entity1176 peptides showed that @entity1176 receptors are localized mainly around the cell bodies of the postsynaptic neurons. Our results indicate that TN- @entity57391 neurons modulate the retino-tectal neurotransmission by suppressing the excitability of projection neurons in the OT, which underlies the neuromodulation of behaviorally relevant visual information processing by the neuropeptide @entity57391 .

title: XXXX suppresses excitability of visual-processing neurons in the optic tectum.

answer: @entity1176 :: (MESH:D007987,Chemical) :: ['GnRH']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7248 Background: @entity1 (pts) with newly diagnosed advanced @entity1149 usually receive a @entity902 -containing doublet. However, these regimens are associated with cumulative @entity137 (myelosuppression and @entity1897 ) and the vast majority of pts eventually relapse and die of their disease. Clearly, improved cytotoxic agents are needed for the treatment of advanced @entity1149 . @entity14514 , a novel @entity21597 , is a potent microtubule stabilizer that causes cell death and is active in a variety of @entity5 , including those that are resistant to @entity6023 . We conducted a phase I/II study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and investigate the safety and efficacy of @entity14514 in pts with stage IIIB/IV @entity1149 who had relapsed after @entity902 -based therapy. METHODS: Pts who had received 1 prior @entity902 -containing regimen and did not have symptomatic brain metastases were enrolled. During the phase I study, dose escalation will follow the standard 3 + 3 design until the MTD is reached. Pts received @entity14514 at a starting dose of 6.5 mg/m(2) as a 5-min IV infusion once every 3 weeks with dose escalation in 0.5 mg/m(2) increments. During the phase II portion of the study, pts will be treated at the MTD until disease progression or unacceptable @entity137 occurs. RESULTS: To date, 9 pts (6 male, 3 female) have been enrolled into the phase I portion of the study. Eight of 9 pts had achieved a partial response or stable disease with prior therapy. The ninth pt had progressed while receiving @entity1205 plus @entity902 as first-line therapy. Median age was 61 years (range, 44 - 77), and median performance status was 1. Three pts were enrolled in cohort 1 (6.5 mg/m(2)), 3 in cohort 2 (7.0 mg/m(2)), and 3 in cohort 3 (7.5 mg/m(2)). Only 2 severe adverse events have been reported, including 1 grade 3 @entity294 responding to medication (cohort 1) and 1 grade 3 asthenia reversed in 5 days (cohort 3). All other adverse events were grade 1 or 2; no serious hematologic @entity137 were reported. The MTD has not been reached, and dose escalation continues. CONCLUSION: Preliminary results suggest that @entity14514 is generally well-tolerated in pts with advanced @entity1149 . Dose escalation continues and updated results will be presented. [Table: see text].

title: A phase I/II dose escalation trial of @entity14514 every 3 weeks in @entity1 with XXXX ( @entity1149 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity21597 :: ('MESH:D034261', 'Chemical') :: ['epothilone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7248 Background: @entity1 (pts) with newly diagnosed advanced @entity1149 usually receive a @entity902 -containing doublet. However, these regimens are associated with cumulative @entity137 (myelosuppression and @entity1897 ) and the vast majority of pts eventually relapse and die of their disease. Clearly, improved cytotoxic agents are needed for the treatment of advanced @entity1149 . @entity14514 , a novel @entity21597 , is a potent microtubule stabilizer that causes cell death and is active in a variety of @entity5 , including those that are resistant to @entity6023 . We conducted a phase I/II study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and investigate the safety and efficacy of @entity14514 in pts with stage IIIB/IV @entity1149 who had relapsed after @entity902 -based therapy. METHODS: Pts who had received 1 prior @entity902 -containing regimen and did not have symptomatic brain metastases were enrolled. During the phase I study, dose escalation will follow the standard 3 + 3 design until the MTD is reached. Pts received @entity14514 at a starting dose of 6.5 mg/m(2) as a 5-min IV infusion once every 3 weeks with dose escalation in 0.5 mg/m(2) increments. During the phase II portion of the study, pts will be treated at the MTD until disease progression or unacceptable @entity137 occurs. RESULTS: To date, 9 pts (6 male, 3 female) have been enrolled into the phase I portion of the study. Eight of 9 pts had achieved a partial response or stable disease with prior therapy. The ninth pt had progressed while receiving @entity1205 plus @entity902 as first-line therapy. Median age was 61 years (range, 44 - 77), and median performance status was 1. Three pts were enrolled in cohort 1 (6.5 mg/m(2)), 3 in cohort 2 (7.0 mg/m(2)), and 3 in cohort 3 (7.5 mg/m(2)). Only 2 severe adverse events have been reported, including 1 grade 3 @entity294 responding to medication (cohort 1) and 1 grade 3 asthenia reversed in 5 days (cohort 3). All other adverse events were grade 1 or 2; no serious hematologic @entity137 were reported. The MTD has not been reached, and dose escalation continues. CONCLUSION: Preliminary results suggest that @entity14514 is generally well-tolerated in pts with advanced @entity1149 . Dose escalation continues and updated results will be presented. [Table: see text].

title: A phase I/II dose escalation trial of @entity14514 every 3 weeks in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7248 Background: @entity1 (pts) with newly diagnosed advanced @entity1149 usually receive a @entity902 -containing doublet. However, these regimens are associated with cumulative @entity137 (myelosuppression and @entity1897 ) and the vast majority of pts eventually relapse and die of their disease. Clearly, improved cytotoxic agents are needed for the treatment of advanced @entity1149 . @entity14514 , a novel @entity21597 , is a potent microtubule stabilizer that causes cell death and is active in a variety of @entity5 , including those that are resistant to @entity6023 . We conducted a phase I/II study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and investigate the safety and efficacy of @entity14514 in pts with stage IIIB/IV @entity1149 who had relapsed after @entity902 -based therapy. METHODS: Pts who had received 1 prior @entity902 -containing regimen and did not have symptomatic brain metastases were enrolled. During the phase I study, dose escalation will follow the standard 3 + 3 design until the MTD is reached. Pts received @entity14514 at a starting dose of 6.5 mg/m(2) as a 5-min IV infusion once every 3 weeks with dose escalation in 0.5 mg/m(2) increments. During the phase II portion of the study, pts will be treated at the MTD until disease progression or unacceptable @entity137 occurs. RESULTS: To date, 9 pts (6 male, 3 female) have been enrolled into the phase I portion of the study. Eight of 9 pts had achieved a partial response or stable disease with prior therapy. The ninth pt had progressed while receiving @entity1205 plus @entity902 as first-line therapy. Median age was 61 years (range, 44 - 77), and median performance status was 1. Three pts were enrolled in cohort 1 (6.5 mg/m(2)), 3 in cohort 2 (7.0 mg/m(2)), and 3 in cohort 3 (7.5 mg/m(2)). Only 2 severe adverse events have been reported, including 1 grade 3 @entity294 responding to medication (cohort 1) and 1 grade 3 asthenia reversed in 5 days (cohort 3). All other adverse events were grade 1 or 2; no serious hematologic @entity137 were reported. The MTD has not been reached, and dose escalation continues. CONCLUSION: Preliminary results suggest that @entity14514 is generally well-tolerated in pts with advanced @entity1149 . Dose escalation continues and updated results will be presented. [Table: see text].

title: A phase I/II dose escalation trial of XXXX every 3 weeks in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ).

answer: @entity14514 :: (MESH:C093788,Chemical) :: ['EPO906']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7248 Background: @entity1 (pts) with newly diagnosed advanced @entity1149 usually receive a @entity902 -containing doublet. However, these regimens are associated with cumulative @entity137 (myelosuppression and @entity1897 ) and the vast majority of pts eventually relapse and die of their disease. Clearly, improved cytotoxic agents are needed for the treatment of advanced @entity1149 . @entity14514 , a novel @entity21597 , is a potent microtubule stabilizer that causes cell death and is active in a variety of @entity5 , including those that are resistant to @entity6023 . We conducted a phase I/II study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and investigate the safety and efficacy of @entity14514 in pts with stage IIIB/IV @entity1149 who had relapsed after @entity902 -based therapy. METHODS: Pts who had received 1 prior @entity902 -containing regimen and did not have symptomatic brain metastases were enrolled. During the phase I study, dose escalation will follow the standard 3 + 3 design until the MTD is reached. Pts received @entity14514 at a starting dose of 6.5 mg/m(2) as a 5-min IV infusion once every 3 weeks with dose escalation in 0.5 mg/m(2) increments. During the phase II portion of the study, pts will be treated at the MTD until disease progression or unacceptable @entity137 occurs. RESULTS: To date, 9 pts (6 male, 3 female) have been enrolled into the phase I portion of the study. Eight of 9 pts had achieved a partial response or stable disease with prior therapy. The ninth pt had progressed while receiving @entity1205 plus @entity902 as first-line therapy. Median age was 61 years (range, 44 - 77), and median performance status was 1. Three pts were enrolled in cohort 1 (6.5 mg/m(2)), 3 in cohort 2 (7.0 mg/m(2)), and 3 in cohort 3 (7.5 mg/m(2)). Only 2 severe adverse events have been reported, including 1 grade 3 @entity294 responding to medication (cohort 1) and 1 grade 3 asthenia reversed in 5 days (cohort 3). All other adverse events were grade 1 or 2; no serious hematologic @entity137 were reported. The MTD has not been reached, and dose escalation continues. CONCLUSION: Preliminary results suggest that @entity14514 is generally well-tolerated in pts with advanced @entity1149 . Dose escalation continues and updated results will be presented. [Table: see text].

title: A phase I/II dose escalation trial of @entity14514 every 3 weeks in XXXX with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ).

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7245 Background: In preclinical trials, @entity3003 (C) followed by @entity136 (G) after 24 hours demonstrates a supra-additive/synergistic effect in term of cell killing. To evaluate the clinical implications of this sequence, we performed a pilot study to explore the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) of C and G administered respectively on days 1,2 every 15. METHODS: Eligible criteria were a stage IIIb/IV @entity1149 , age <=  80 years, ECOG Performance Status 1 or 2, adequate marrow, @entity177 . The starting-dose of C-day 1- (AUC = 2.5) was escalated, stepwise AUC =0.5, (three @entity1 entered per dose level) in combination with a fixed dose of G -day 2- (1500 mg/m(2)) until achievement of DLT. A cycle (30 days) consisted of 4 administrations (days 1,2,15,16). DLT was considered any >=  grade 2 myelotoxicity resulting into a treatment delay of >2 consecutive weeks or any grade >2 organ-specific @entity137 . RESULTS: Between March and August 2003, 18 chemo na  ve pts were enrolled and received 52 cycles (median cycles 3, range 1-6) at 6 dose levels: male/female =15/3, median age =70 (range:65-80), ECOG performance status 1/2 =10/8, stage IIIB/IV disease =8/10. Drug-related @entity137 (NCI grading scale) included @entity1398 grade 2/3/4, 2%/6%/19%, @entity417 grade 1/2/3, 52%/11%/2%, @entity882 grade 1/2/3, 15%/6%/2%. All grade @entity1398 and @entity882 lasted <7 days. Other @entity1503 ( @entity390 , fatigue) have been rare and did not exceed grade 1. Severe alterations of electrolytic balance and a grade 3 @entity2359 resulted DLT at the sixth dose level (C: AUC = 5, G: 1500 mg/m(2)). Promising clinical activity has been observed, with four/two partial/minor responses on 13 evaluable @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The schedule's manageable @entity137 profile and activity have encouraged an ongoing phase II trial at doses of @entity3003 AUC = 4.5 and @entity136 1500 mg/m(2) including a Quality of Life evaluation (EORTC C-30). No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A new biweekly schedule of @entity3003 and @entity136 : Phase I feasibility trial in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal and hepatic functions']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['non-hematologic toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7245 Background: In preclinical trials, @entity3003 (C) followed by @entity136 (G) after 24 hours demonstrates a supra-additive/synergistic effect in term of cell killing. To evaluate the clinical implications of this sequence, we performed a pilot study to explore the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) of C and G administered respectively on days 1,2 every 15. METHODS: Eligible criteria were a stage IIIb/IV @entity1149 , age <=  80 years, ECOG Performance Status 1 or 2, adequate marrow, @entity177 . The starting-dose of C-day 1- (AUC = 2.5) was escalated, stepwise AUC =0.5, (three @entity1 entered per dose level) in combination with a fixed dose of G -day 2- (1500 mg/m(2)) until achievement of DLT. A cycle (30 days) consisted of 4 administrations (days 1,2,15,16). DLT was considered any >=  grade 2 myelotoxicity resulting into a treatment delay of >2 consecutive weeks or any grade >2 organ-specific @entity137 . RESULTS: Between March and August 2003, 18 chemo na  ve pts were enrolled and received 52 cycles (median cycles 3, range 1-6) at 6 dose levels: male/female =15/3, median age =70 (range:65-80), ECOG performance status 1/2 =10/8, stage IIIB/IV disease =8/10. Drug-related @entity137 (NCI grading scale) included @entity1398 grade 2/3/4, 2%/6%/19%, @entity417 grade 1/2/3, 52%/11%/2%, @entity882 grade 1/2/3, 15%/6%/2%. All grade @entity1398 and @entity882 lasted <7 days. Other @entity1503 ( @entity390 , fatigue) have been rare and did not exceed grade 1. Severe alterations of electrolytic balance and a grade 3 @entity2359 resulted DLT at the sixth dose level (C: AUC = 5, G: 1500 mg/m(2)). Promising clinical activity has been observed, with four/two partial/minor responses on 13 evaluable @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The schedule's manageable @entity137 profile and activity have encouraged an ongoing phase II trial at doses of @entity3003 AUC = 4.5 and @entity136 1500 mg/m(2) including a Quality of Life evaluation (EORTC C-30). No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A new biweekly schedule of @entity3003 and @entity136 : Phase I feasibility trial in @entity1 with advanced XXXX ( @entity1149 ).

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7245 Background: In preclinical trials, @entity3003 (C) followed by @entity136 (G) after 24 hours demonstrates a supra-additive/synergistic effect in term of cell killing. To evaluate the clinical implications of this sequence, we performed a pilot study to explore the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) of C and G administered respectively on days 1,2 every 15. METHODS: Eligible criteria were a stage IIIb/IV @entity1149 , age <=  80 years, ECOG Performance Status 1 or 2, adequate marrow, @entity177 . The starting-dose of C-day 1- (AUC = 2.5) was escalated, stepwise AUC =0.5, (three @entity1 entered per dose level) in combination with a fixed dose of G -day 2- (1500 mg/m(2)) until achievement of DLT. A cycle (30 days) consisted of 4 administrations (days 1,2,15,16). DLT was considered any >=  grade 2 myelotoxicity resulting into a treatment delay of >2 consecutive weeks or any grade >2 organ-specific @entity137 . RESULTS: Between March and August 2003, 18 chemo na  ve pts were enrolled and received 52 cycles (median cycles 3, range 1-6) at 6 dose levels: male/female =15/3, median age =70 (range:65-80), ECOG performance status 1/2 =10/8, stage IIIB/IV disease =8/10. Drug-related @entity137 (NCI grading scale) included @entity1398 grade 2/3/4, 2%/6%/19%, @entity417 grade 1/2/3, 52%/11%/2%, @entity882 grade 1/2/3, 15%/6%/2%. All grade @entity1398 and @entity882 lasted <7 days. Other @entity1503 ( @entity390 , fatigue) have been rare and did not exceed grade 1. Severe alterations of electrolytic balance and a grade 3 @entity2359 resulted DLT at the sixth dose level (C: AUC = 5, G: 1500 mg/m(2)). Promising clinical activity has been observed, with four/two partial/minor responses on 13 evaluable @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The schedule's manageable @entity137 profile and activity have encouraged an ongoing phase II trial at doses of @entity3003 AUC = 4.5 and @entity136 1500 mg/m(2) including a Quality of Life evaluation (EORTC C-30). No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A new biweekly schedule of XXXX and @entity136 : Phase I feasibility trial in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ).

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7245 Background: In preclinical trials, @entity3003 (C) followed by @entity136 (G) after 24 hours demonstrates a supra-additive/synergistic effect in term of cell killing. To evaluate the clinical implications of this sequence, we performed a pilot study to explore the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) of C and G administered respectively on days 1,2 every 15. METHODS: Eligible criteria were a stage IIIb/IV @entity1149 , age <=  80 years, ECOG Performance Status 1 or 2, adequate marrow, @entity177 . The starting-dose of C-day 1- (AUC = 2.5) was escalated, stepwise AUC =0.5, (three @entity1 entered per dose level) in combination with a fixed dose of G -day 2- (1500 mg/m(2)) until achievement of DLT. A cycle (30 days) consisted of 4 administrations (days 1,2,15,16). DLT was considered any >=  grade 2 myelotoxicity resulting into a treatment delay of >2 consecutive weeks or any grade >2 organ-specific @entity137 . RESULTS: Between March and August 2003, 18 chemo na  ve pts were enrolled and received 52 cycles (median cycles 3, range 1-6) at 6 dose levels: male/female =15/3, median age =70 (range:65-80), ECOG performance status 1/2 =10/8, stage IIIB/IV disease =8/10. Drug-related @entity137 (NCI grading scale) included @entity1398 grade 2/3/4, 2%/6%/19%, @entity417 grade 1/2/3, 52%/11%/2%, @entity882 grade 1/2/3, 15%/6%/2%. All grade @entity1398 and @entity882 lasted <7 days. Other @entity1503 ( @entity390 , fatigue) have been rare and did not exceed grade 1. Severe alterations of electrolytic balance and a grade 3 @entity2359 resulted DLT at the sixth dose level (C: AUC = 5, G: 1500 mg/m(2)). Promising clinical activity has been observed, with four/two partial/minor responses on 13 evaluable @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The schedule's manageable @entity137 profile and activity have encouraged an ongoing phase II trial at doses of @entity3003 AUC = 4.5 and @entity136 1500 mg/m(2) including a Quality of Life evaluation (EORTC C-30). No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A new biweekly schedule of @entity3003 and XXXX : Phase I feasibility trial in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ).

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7245 Background: In preclinical trials, @entity3003 (C) followed by @entity136 (G) after 24 hours demonstrates a supra-additive/synergistic effect in term of cell killing. To evaluate the clinical implications of this sequence, we performed a pilot study to explore the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) of C and G administered respectively on days 1,2 every 15. METHODS: Eligible criteria were a stage IIIb/IV @entity1149 , age <=  80 years, ECOG Performance Status 1 or 2, adequate marrow, @entity177 . The starting-dose of C-day 1- (AUC = 2.5) was escalated, stepwise AUC =0.5, (three @entity1 entered per dose level) in combination with a fixed dose of G -day 2- (1500 mg/m(2)) until achievement of DLT. A cycle (30 days) consisted of 4 administrations (days 1,2,15,16). DLT was considered any >=  grade 2 myelotoxicity resulting into a treatment delay of >2 consecutive weeks or any grade >2 organ-specific @entity137 . RESULTS: Between March and August 2003, 18 chemo na  ve pts were enrolled and received 52 cycles (median cycles 3, range 1-6) at 6 dose levels: male/female =15/3, median age =70 (range:65-80), ECOG performance status 1/2 =10/8, stage IIIB/IV disease =8/10. Drug-related @entity137 (NCI grading scale) included @entity1398 grade 2/3/4, 2%/6%/19%, @entity417 grade 1/2/3, 52%/11%/2%, @entity882 grade 1/2/3, 15%/6%/2%. All grade @entity1398 and @entity882 lasted <7 days. Other @entity1503 ( @entity390 , fatigue) have been rare and did not exceed grade 1. Severe alterations of electrolytic balance and a grade 3 @entity2359 resulted DLT at the sixth dose level (C: AUC = 5, G: 1500 mg/m(2)). Promising clinical activity has been observed, with four/two partial/minor responses on 13 evaluable @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The schedule's manageable @entity137 profile and activity have encouraged an ongoing phase II trial at doses of @entity3003 AUC = 4.5 and @entity136 1500 mg/m(2) including a Quality of Life evaluation (EORTC C-30). No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A new biweekly schedule of @entity3003 and @entity136 : Phase I feasibility trial in XXXX with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ).

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5529 Background: Combined radiotherapy and intra-arterial chemotherapy for @entity135 is currently performed using the Seldinger method. However, chemotherapy and radiotherapy cannot be performed simultaneously on a daily basis because long-term catheterization is not possible. Therefore, we developed a new method based on superselective intra-arterial infusion via the superficial temporal artery and preoperatively performed daily concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy with D and C using this method for stage III, @entity135 . METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity1 with @entity5 were treated. The new catheter was prepared by modifying an angiographic catheter measuring (1.35 mm) in diameter. It was inserted superselectively to the feeding artery of the @entity5 via the superficial temporal artery using a guide wire. Long-term catheterization is possible using this method. Radiotherapy (total dose: 40 Gy) and superselective intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using D (total dose: 60 mg/m2) and C (total dose: 100 mg/m2) were performed concurrently daily, followed by surgery. RESULTS: Intra-arterial infusion was successful in 35 @entity1 , but unsuccessful in 3 @entity1 due to @entity432 . Grade 3 @entity137 were noted for @entity1431 (6.5%), @entity882 (3.2%), @entity33 (12.9%), and @entity1909 (6.5%). No infection was observed during catheterizaition, and no major complications were observed. The clinical efficacy was CR in 28 (80.0 %) @entity1 and PR in 7 (20.0 %), and histopathology of the resected @entity5 indicated pathological CR in 31 (88.6 %), and pathological PR in 4 (11.4 %). The 4-year cumulative survival rate was 82.9 %. This survival rate is higher than the rate of conventional therapy. CONCLUSIONS: This superselective intra-arterial infusion allows for long-term catheterization, unlike the Seldinger method, so that chemotherapy can be performed simultaneously with radiotherapy. This method promises to be the strategy of choice for the treatment of stage III, @entity135 . No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Daily concurrent preoperative chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel (D) and cisplatin (C) using new superselective intra-arterial infusion via superficial temporal artery for stage III, XXXX .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'IV head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage III, IV oral cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['IV head and neck cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5590 Background: @entity9965 is a member of the family of @entity22 ( @entity22 ) proteins that play an important role in the regulation of DNA replication. @entity9965 has been shown to be a proliferation marker in several types of tissue. In this study we examined the utility of the proliferation marker @entity9965 as a molecular prognostic marker in 30 @entity957 . METHODS: Parallel sections of 30 @entity5 were stained with antibodies against @entity9965 . The @entity5 sub-sites were: base of tongue in 11 @entity1 , tonsillar fossa in 13 @entity1 , pharyngeal wall in 5 @entity1 , and faucial arch in 1 @entity1 . The percentage of positively stained nuclei was scored for each antibody. Clinicopathologic @entity1 data were retrospectively collected from medical charts. RESULTS: The average age at presentation was 52 years and 2 months (range 43 - 80 years) in the overall @entity1 population. Twenty-four @entity1 were @entity1 and six @entity1 were @entity1 . Twenty-eight @entity1 (93%) presented with advanced stage (Stage III and IV) disease. There was no significant difference in the proportion of cells stained by anti- @entity9965 between @entity1 who died of the disease and those who remained alive (67.6% versus 62.9%, respectively, p=.74). Similarly, employing a multivariate Cox regression analysis, risk of @entity204 was not found to be associated with elevated @entity9965 expression. These findings did not vary by disease subsite. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the cellular proliferation marker @entity9965 is of limited clinical utility as a disease prognosticator in individuals diagnosed with advanced stage @entity189 . The role of @entity9965 as a molecular prognosticator in @entity1 with early stage disease requires further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: XXXX : Test of utility as a molecular marker in advanced-stage @entity189 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'oropharyngeal tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['MCM', 'minichromosome maintenance']

answer: @entity9965 :: (4171,Gene) :: ['MCM2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5590 Background: @entity9965 is a member of the family of @entity22 ( @entity22 ) proteins that play an important role in the regulation of DNA replication. @entity9965 has been shown to be a proliferation marker in several types of tissue. In this study we examined the utility of the proliferation marker @entity9965 as a molecular prognostic marker in 30 @entity957 . METHODS: Parallel sections of 30 @entity5 were stained with antibodies against @entity9965 . The @entity5 sub-sites were: base of tongue in 11 @entity1 , tonsillar fossa in 13 @entity1 , pharyngeal wall in 5 @entity1 , and faucial arch in 1 @entity1 . The percentage of positively stained nuclei was scored for each antibody. Clinicopathologic @entity1 data were retrospectively collected from medical charts. RESULTS: The average age at presentation was 52 years and 2 months (range 43 - 80 years) in the overall @entity1 population. Twenty-four @entity1 were @entity1 and six @entity1 were @entity1 . Twenty-eight @entity1 (93%) presented with advanced stage (Stage III and IV) disease. There was no significant difference in the proportion of cells stained by anti- @entity9965 between @entity1 who died of the disease and those who remained alive (67.6% versus 62.9%, respectively, p=.74). Similarly, employing a multivariate Cox regression analysis, risk of @entity204 was not found to be associated with elevated @entity9965 expression. These findings did not vary by disease subsite. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the cellular proliferation marker @entity9965 is of limited clinical utility as a disease prognosticator in individuals diagnosed with advanced stage @entity189 . The role of @entity9965 as a molecular prognosticator in @entity1 with early stage disease requires further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: @entity9965 : Test of utility as a molecular marker in advanced-stage XXXX .

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['oropharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4251 Background: Surgery is the cornerstone of curative therapy for operable @entity420 ( @entity420 ), but the risk of recurrence is high in T3-4 and/or N+ disease. We report our experience using in the adjuvant setting the ECF regimen, a cytotoxic combination effective and widely used in advanced disease. METHODS: Between November 1996 and February 2003, 45 @entity1 with @entity420 who underwent curative surgery were treated with ECF ( @entity1259 50 mg/m2 and @entity900 60 mg/m2 on day 1, @entity1487 200 mg/m2/day as a continous infusion) every 3 weeks for 4-6 months. The median age was 59 years (range 32-74), and PS was         1 in all cases. Six @entity1 had stage UICC IB, 11 stage II, 11 stage IIIA, 6 stage IIIB and 11 stage IV (T4 and/or N3). Surgery was partial gastrectomy in 51% and total gastrectomy in 44% of cases; D2 resection was performed in all cases. RESULTS: The mean number of courses per @entity1 was 4,7 (range 2 - 6). Delay of chemotherapy was necessary in 33% of cases; dose reductions were applied in 42%. Adverse events due to venous port device were 18%. At a median follow-up of 59,6 months, the median overall survival was 50,1 months. Relapse occurred in 24 @entity1 (53%). One @entity1 had local recurrence, distant @entity3 were seen in 23 @entity1 . Twenty-one @entity1 died of progressive disease. Chemotherapy was well tolerated, the main grade 3/4 toxicities being: neutropenia 47%, @entity448 11%, @entity390 and @entity391 6%, @entity417 and @entity882 4%. Port and @entity1150 were seen in 6%. No grade 3/4 @entity281 occurred, and there where no treatment-related @entity204 . CONCLUSIONS: ECF is safe and feasible in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity420 . The survival of our @entity1 compares favorably with historical cohorts, supporting the possibility of using ECF in the adjuvant setting. Randomised studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: ECF can be used as adjuvant treatment for XXXX : A two-institutions experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['Epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['OGAC', 'oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-Fluorouracil']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Even though several oral anti- @entity6 drugs (OAD) with various modes of action are replacing @entity5736 (SU), some @entity1 seem to be dependent on SU for adequate glycemic control. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical characteristics of such @entity1 . METHODS: We selected the @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 who met following criteria from 2009 to 2014 at Seoul National University Hospital: (1) HbA1c was maintained below 7.5% for at least 6 months under small dose of SU ( @entity16024  <= 2 mg/d or equivalent dose), (2) after discontinuation of SU, @entity4051 c increased >=  1.2% within 3 months or >=  1.5% within 6 month, and (3) after resuming SU, HbA1c reduction was >=  0.8% or reduction of fasting plasma @entity413 was >=  40 mg/dL within 3 months. @entity1 with @entity8 , and @entity479 users were excluded. RESULTS: Nineteen subjects were enrolled: after averaged 4.8  1.5 months of SU-free period, HbA1c increased from 6.7%  0.4 to 8.8%  0.8 even though adding other OAD such as gliptins. However, HbA1c decreased to 7.4%  0.7 after resuming SU within 2.4  0.8 months. There was no sexual predominance. Despite their old age (67  11 years) and long duration of @entity6 (18  10 years), fasting C-peptide was relatively well-reserved (3.9  2.6 ng/mL) and @entity8 was not observed (Albumin- @entity1011 ratio 21.2    16.6 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate 75.8  18.0 mL/min/1.73m  ). Strong family history was also noted (73.7%). CONCLUSION: Despite @entity4053 risk of SU, it seemed indispensable for a subset of @entity1 with regard to insulin secretion. Genetic influences would be evaluated.

title: Clinical Characteristics of Subjects with XXXX -Dependent Type 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired hepatic or renal function', 'nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16024 :: ('MESH:C057619', 'Chemical') :: ['glimepiride']

entities_list: @entity5736 :: ('D013453', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfonylurea']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity5736 :: (D013453,Chemical) :: ['Sulfonylurea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Even though several oral anti- @entity6 drugs (OAD) with various modes of action are replacing @entity5736 (SU), some @entity1 seem to be dependent on SU for adequate glycemic control. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical characteristics of such @entity1 . METHODS: We selected the @entity1 with type 2 @entity6 who met following criteria from 2009 to 2014 at Seoul National University Hospital: (1) HbA1c was maintained below 7.5% for at least 6 months under small dose of SU ( @entity16024  <= 2 mg/d or equivalent dose), (2) after discontinuation of SU, @entity4051 c increased >=  1.2% within 3 months or >=  1.5% within 6 month, and (3) after resuming SU, HbA1c reduction was >=  0.8% or reduction of fasting plasma @entity413 was >=  40 mg/dL within 3 months. @entity1 with @entity8 , and @entity479 users were excluded. RESULTS: Nineteen subjects were enrolled: after averaged 4.8  1.5 months of SU-free period, HbA1c increased from 6.7%  0.4 to 8.8%  0.8 even though adding other OAD such as gliptins. However, HbA1c decreased to 7.4%  0.7 after resuming SU within 2.4  0.8 months. There was no sexual predominance. Despite their old age (67  11 years) and long duration of @entity6 (18  10 years), fasting C-peptide was relatively well-reserved (3.9  2.6 ng/mL) and @entity8 was not observed (Albumin- @entity1011 ratio 21.2    16.6 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate 75.8  18.0 mL/min/1.73m  ). Strong family history was also noted (73.7%). CONCLUSION: Despite @entity4053 risk of SU, it seemed indispensable for a subset of @entity1 with regard to insulin secretion. Genetic influences would be evaluated.

title: Clinical Characteristics of Subjects with @entity5736 -Dependent Type 2 XXXX .

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 3759 Background: Recurrence after initial resection of @entity5 often presents with local regional disease and distant @entity3 . @entity146 monitoring and surgical intervention is controversial. A recent intergroup adjuvant therapy study (0114) reported single site recurrence (potentially resectable) in 73% of 715 @entity1 , of whom 34% had re-resection with 27% survival (Tepper, JCO 2003;21:3623). We reviewed our multidisciplinary program of aggressive monitoring and resection of @entity5 recurrence to determine @entity1 selection parameters augering for optimal resection and survival. METHODS: 123 @entity1 were referred with recurrent @entity5 . Median age 61, M/F 58%/42%, Primary Stage I/II 48%, III/IV 49%. Primary surgery included anterior resection (AR) - 67 pts (59%), abdominal perineal resection (APR)-44 pts (36%), and exenteration - 3pts, plus resection other organ -6pts and liver resection - 3pts. Adjuvant chemo/radiation was given to 76 pts (62%). Median recurrence time: 22 mo. The pattern of recurrence was: local -65 pts (53%), distant mets - 40 pts. (33%), local and distant 18 pts. (15%), Recurrence site: singular in 96 pts (78%) and multiple in 27 (22%). LOCATION: anastamotic or bowel wall - 13 pts. (11%), pelvic 52 pts. (42%), extra pelvic (regional nodes) - 10 (8%) and distant = liver - 33 pts (27%), lung 25 pts. (20%), brain 3 pts (2.9%) bone 2 pts. (16%). Curative resections: 59 pts. (79%) with pelvic/extrapelvic recurrence and 15 (37%) of pts with distant @entity3 . @entity1753 was given in 67% of @entity1 . RESULTS: See table. CONCLUSIONS: The optimum pattern of single site of recurrence or @entity3 with long free interval permitted curative R0 resection in 60% (74pts) with long-term survival in 28% of @entity1 . Survival was similar following resection of local/pelvic recurrence or distant @entity3 . [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Potential for surgical salvage of recurrent XXXX is governed by patterns of recurrence and ability to achieve an R0 resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Aggressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1753 :: ('MESH:D001169', 'Disease') :: ['Adjuvant/neoadjuvant chemoradiation']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 3746 Background and objective: Preoperative chemoradiation can improve the outcome of surgery in @entity5 . The aim of this phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity137 of a preoperative radiochemotherapy combination including @entity901 , raltitrexed and radiotherapy in locoregionally advanced @entity5 . METHODS: Between January 2002 and July 2003, 43 consecutive @entity1 (22 @entity1 , 21 @entity1 ; median age 61 years, range 34-74) with stage II and III rectal @entity420 have been enrolled. All @entity1 underwent endorectal ultrasonography (uT2N1= 2, uT3N0= 14, uT3N1= 23, uT4N0= 1, uT4N1= 3), and CT scan for staging purposes. Radiotherapy was delivered with a three-field technique to a dose of 50Gy over 5 weeks with a concomitant boost approach. Chemotherapy was initiated concurrently with @entity138 and consisted of three courses of raltitrexed 3 mg/m2 followed by @entity901 130 mg/m2 every 21 days. Surgery was planned six to eight weeks after @entity138 . Three additional cycles of chemotherapy were given after surgery. RESULTS: 33 @entity1 can be evaluated for response and 43 for @entity137 . 25 @entity1 were downstaged (76%), there were 6 pathological complete responses (18%) and sphincter sparing surgery was accomplished in 22 @entity1 (67%). Grade 3 diarrea developed in two @entity1 , and grade 4 in one @entity1 (7%). Grade 3 @entity1398 was observed in three @entity1 (7%), including one @entity1398 . Other adverse events were mild, including grade 2 hepatotoxicity (transaminases) in 5 @entity1 (11%). CONCLUSION: The regimen is feasible, has a low @entity137 profile and can be administered in a three weeks basis. This treatment achieves significant @entity5 downstaging with a remarkable rate of conservative surgeries and complete pathological responses. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Phase II study of neoadjuvant treatment of @entity5 with XXXX , raltitrexed and radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['oxaliplatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 3746 Background and objective: Preoperative chemoradiation can improve the outcome of surgery in @entity5 . The aim of this phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity137 of a preoperative radiochemotherapy combination including @entity901 , raltitrexed and radiotherapy in locoregionally advanced @entity5 . METHODS: Between January 2002 and July 2003, 43 consecutive @entity1 (22 @entity1 , 21 @entity1 ; median age 61 years, range 34-74) with stage II and III rectal @entity420 have been enrolled. All @entity1 underwent endorectal ultrasonography (uT2N1= 2, uT3N0= 14, uT3N1= 23, uT4N0= 1, uT4N1= 3), and CT scan for staging purposes. Radiotherapy was delivered with a three-field technique to a dose of 50Gy over 5 weeks with a concomitant boost approach. Chemotherapy was initiated concurrently with @entity138 and consisted of three courses of raltitrexed 3 mg/m2 followed by @entity901 130 mg/m2 every 21 days. Surgery was planned six to eight weeks after @entity138 . Three additional cycles of chemotherapy were given after surgery. RESULTS: 33 @entity1 can be evaluated for response and 43 for @entity137 . 25 @entity1 were downstaged (76%), there were 6 pathological complete responses (18%) and sphincter sparing surgery was accomplished in 22 @entity1 (67%). Grade 3 diarrea developed in two @entity1 , and grade 4 in one @entity1 (7%). Grade 3 @entity1398 was observed in three @entity1 (7%), including one @entity1398 . Other adverse events were mild, including grade 2 hepatotoxicity (transaminases) in 5 @entity1 (11%). CONCLUSION: The regimen is feasible, has a low @entity137 profile and can be administered in a three weeks basis. This treatment achieves significant @entity5 downstaging with a remarkable rate of conservative surgeries and complete pathological responses. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Phase II study of neoadjuvant treatment of XXXX with @entity901 , raltitrexed and radiotherapy.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity6 are at a heightened risk of @entity65 compared with the general population. To our knowledge, randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of improving dietary quality on carotid intima media thickness, a marker of subclinical @entity731 and predictor of @entity65 , have not been conducted in populations with @entity6 . OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine whether increasing fruit (+1 serving; 150 g/d), vegetable (+2 servings; 150 g/d), and dairy (+1 serving; 200-250 g/d) intakes slows 12-mo common carotid artery intima media thickness (CCA IMT) progression, compared with a control group continuing to consume their usual diet, in @entity1 with type 1 and type 2 @entity6 . DESIGN: A 12-mo randomized controlled trial was conducted. The primary outcome was mean CCA IMT, measured at baseline and 12 mo, with B-mode ultrasound. @entity1 in the intervention group received counseling from a dietitian at baseline and 1, 3, 6, and 9 mo, and compliance was measured with a food-frequency questionnaire at baseline, 3 mo, and 12 mo. The control group continued consuming their usual diet. RESULTS: In total, 118 @entity1 completed the study. Vegetable (46 g/d; 95% CI: 14, 77 g/d; P < 0.001) and fruit (179 g/d; 95% CI: 119, 239 g/d; P < 0.001) intakes were increased at 3 mo in the intervention group compared with the control group. This increase was not maintained at 12 mo, but intake increased overall in the cohort (fruit, 48 g/d; vegetables, 14 g/d). An increase in dairy consumption was not achieved, but yogurt intake was higher in the intervention group at 3 mo (38 g; 95% CI: 12, 65 g; P < 0.001); this was not maintained at 12 mo. At 12 mo, CCA IMT regressed (mean    SD: -0.01    0.04 mm; P < 0.001), with a greater effect in the treatment group (mean    SD: -0.02    0.04 mm vs. -0.004    0.04 mm; P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Improving dietary quality in @entity1 with well-controlled type 1 and type 2 @entity6 may slow @entity2998 . This trial was registered at https://www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12613000251729.

title: Effect of improving dietary quality on carotid intima media thickness in subjects with type 1 and type 2 XXXX : a 12-mo randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants', 'people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['CCA IMT progression']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 777 Background: In contrast with female @entity0 , there is limited data on the expression of biologic markers and significance of clinicopathologic features in @entity2675 . METHODS: We reviewed pathology and clinical data for 33 evaluable @entity1 with MBC from 1981-1999. Immunohistochemical staining for ER, PR, AR, and @entity4910 was performed. RESULTS: Mean @entity1 age was 61 years (range 35-80). 70% were Caucasian, 18% Hispanic, 12% African-American. 27% had a family history of @entity5344 in first-degree relatives. @entity1 presented as follows: with @entity247 (33%), with a painless mass (33%), with nipple inversion/discharge (27%). Mean @entity5 size was 1.7 cm (range 0.1- 5.0 cm). The @entity5 was retroareolar/central in 67% @entity1 . 88% had @entity513 while 12% had intracystic papillary DCIS. @entity5 grade was as follows: high-grade (15), intermediate-grade (17), and low-grade (1). 40% had @entity3 , 15% presented with dermal involvement, and 12% had nipple involvement. Regarding evaluable biological markers: 86% were ER+, 75% PR+, 89% AR+, 67% @entity4910 +. @entity3012 was 85% (FU range 15-240 months), DFS was 64%. Overall survival and disease free survival for each biomarker is provided in the table below. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity5 highly expressed ER, PR, AR, and @entity4910 , which may have important therapeutic implications for @entity1 with @entity2675 . @entity1 with @entity5 that did not express AR and @entity4910 performed poorly. Larger future studies will hopefully help to elucidate the prognostic implications of @entity5282 and cell cycle regulator expression in this population. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: XXXX : Clinico-pathological study with evaluation of biologic markers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2675 :: ('MESH:D018567', 'Disease') :: ['male breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast/ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['invasive ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity247 :: ('MESH:D006177', 'Disease') :: ['gynecomastia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['lymphovascular invasion']

entities_list: @entity5282 :: ('3164', 'Gene') :: ['hormone receptor']

answer: @entity2675 :: (MESH:D018567,Disease) :: ['Male breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6656 is a deep @entity281 endemic to Americas. Although it has also been reported to occur in non-endemic areas, it has rarely been reported in China. We reviewed the literature on case reports of @entity6656 in China from 1958 to 2015. A total of 30 cases were reported from 11 provinces in China, and 23 (76.7  %) cases were @entity1 , and 23 (76.7  %) were in 30-60 years old. Twenty-seven (90.0  %) cases were reported from southern China. Twenty-four (80.0  %) cases had no history of exposure in endemic areas. Three cases were immunosuppressed, four cases had @entity102 , and 23 cases (76.7  %) were otherwise healthy. Twenty cases (66.6  %) had related @entity358 , six had @entity272 , three cases were in lymph node, and one in the @entity267 , one in the bone and joint, and three had systemic disseminated @entity281 . All of the 30 cases were diagnosis upon finding spherules in histological examination. Interestingly, 12 (40.0  %) @entity1 underwent surgery and removed the focus of @entity281 because they were misdiagnosed or suspected of @entity5 or @entity5 previously. Fifteen cases (50.0  %) were treated with @entity2379 , @entity2380 , @entity1449 or @entity3102 . Diagnosis of @entity6656 is complex, and misdiagnosis can occur easily in non-epidemic areas such as China.

title: Mini-Review of Published Reports on XXXX in China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1449 :: ('MESH:D003022', 'Chemical') :: ['clotrimazole']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3102 :: ('MESH:D007654', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoconazole']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['mycotic infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung infection']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infection']

entities_list: @entity6656 :: ('MESH:D003047', 'Disease') :: ['coccidioidomycosis', 'Coccidioidomycosis']

answer: @entity6656 :: (MESH:D003047,Disease) :: ['Coccidioidomycosis']