abstract: BACKGROUND: Recombinant @entity1 @entity7 protein (rhVEGF) stimulates angiogenesis in animal models and was well tolerated in Phase I clinical trials. VIVA ( @entity7 in @entity63 for @entity455 ) is a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intracoronary and intravenous infusions of rhVEGF. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 178 @entity1 with stable exertional @entity951 , unsuitable for standard revascularization, were randomized to receive placebo, low-dose rhVEGF (17 ng x kg(-1) x min(-1)), or high-dose rhVEGF (50 ng x kg(-1) x min(-1)) by intracoronary infusion on day 0, followed by intravenous infusions on days 3, 6, and 9. Exercise treadmill tests, @entity951 class, and quality of life assessments were performed at baseline, day 60, and day 120. Myocardial perfusion imaging was performed at baseline and day 60. At day 60, the change in exercise treadmill test (ETT) time from baseline was not different between groups (placebo, +48 seconds; low dose, +30 seconds; high dose, +30 seconds). Angina class and quality of life were significantly improved within each group, with no difference between groups. By day 120, placebo-treated @entity1 demonstrated reduced benefit in all three measures, with no significant difference compared with low-dose rhVEGF. In contrast, high-dose rhVEGF resulted in significant improvement in @entity951 class (P=0.05) and nonsignificant trends in ETT time (P=0.15) and @entity951 frequency (P=0.09) as compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS: rhVEGF seems to be safe and well tolerated. rhVEGF offered no improvement beyond placebo in all measurements by day 60. By day 120, high-dose rhVEGF resulted in significant improvement in @entity951 and favorable trends in ETT time and @entity951 frequency.

title: The VIVA trial: XXXX in @entity63 for @entity455 .

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['Vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recombinant @entity1 @entity7 protein (rhVEGF) stimulates angiogenesis in animal models and was well tolerated in Phase I clinical trials. VIVA ( @entity7 in @entity63 for @entity455 ) is a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intracoronary and intravenous infusions of rhVEGF. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 178 @entity1 with stable exertional @entity951 , unsuitable for standard revascularization, were randomized to receive placebo, low-dose rhVEGF (17 ng x kg(-1) x min(-1)), or high-dose rhVEGF (50 ng x kg(-1) x min(-1)) by intracoronary infusion on day 0, followed by intravenous infusions on days 3, 6, and 9. Exercise treadmill tests, @entity951 class, and quality of life assessments were performed at baseline, day 60, and day 120. Myocardial perfusion imaging was performed at baseline and day 60. At day 60, the change in exercise treadmill test (ETT) time from baseline was not different between groups (placebo, +48 seconds; low dose, +30 seconds; high dose, +30 seconds). Angina class and quality of life were significantly improved within each group, with no difference between groups. By day 120, placebo-treated @entity1 demonstrated reduced benefit in all three measures, with no significant difference compared with low-dose rhVEGF. In contrast, high-dose rhVEGF resulted in significant improvement in @entity951 class (P=0.05) and nonsignificant trends in ETT time (P=0.15) and @entity951 frequency (P=0.09) as compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS: rhVEGF seems to be safe and well tolerated. rhVEGF offered no improvement beyond placebo in all measurements by day 60. By day 120, high-dose rhVEGF resulted in significant improvement in @entity951 and favorable trends in ETT time and @entity951 frequency.

title: The VIVA trial: @entity7 in XXXX for @entity455 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular Angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'Vascular endothelial growth factor']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Ischemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity459 is usually seen in females above the age of 50 years, with a prevalence of 21/1000,(1) whereas the incidence in @entity1 aged 12-28 years is less than 5%.(2) A solitary adenoma is responsible for 80% of cases of @entity459 .(3) @entity459 is most commonly asymptomatic.(4) The incidence of @entity656 associated with @entity2742 is less than 10%.(5,6) The incidence of @entity2742 associated with a @entity5 is less than 5%.(7) PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 19 year old female @entity1 presented with recurrent @entity656 and @entity4 over the mandible. Complete investigative workup revealed a solitary @entity3243 causing @entity2742 . Surgical exploration with excision of the @entity3243 was performed, following which the @entity1 recovered uneventfully. DISCUSSION: The @entity1 was initially managed as a case of @entity656 , and although not suspected initially, a high index of suspicion for @entity2742 developed after a biopsy of the mandibular @entity4 showed the presence of @entity2527 cells indicating the possibility of a @entity5 . Further investigations then revealed the presence of a solitary @entity3243 with @entity2742 which was then managed surgically. CONCLUSION: The young age of the @entity1 , and her presentation with @entity656 and a @entity5 of the mandible make this an extremely rare presentation of @entity3243 .

title: @entity3243 in a young female presenting as recurrent XXXX with a @entity5 of the mandible-A case study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['Primary hyperparathyroidism', 'primary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['acute pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Brown tumour']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity2527 :: ('MESH:D001862', 'Disease') :: ['osteoclastic giant']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid adenoma']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism', 'coexistent hyperparathyroidism']

answer: @entity656 :: (MESH:D019283,Disease) :: ['acute pancreatitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity459 is usually seen in females above the age of 50 years, with a prevalence of 21/1000,(1) whereas the incidence in @entity1 aged 12-28 years is less than 5%.(2) A solitary adenoma is responsible for 80% of cases of @entity459 .(3) @entity459 is most commonly asymptomatic.(4) The incidence of @entity656 associated with @entity2742 is less than 10%.(5,6) The incidence of @entity2742 associated with a @entity5 is less than 5%.(7) PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 19 year old female @entity1 presented with recurrent @entity656 and @entity4 over the mandible. Complete investigative workup revealed a solitary @entity3243 causing @entity2742 . Surgical exploration with excision of the @entity3243 was performed, following which the @entity1 recovered uneventfully. DISCUSSION: The @entity1 was initially managed as a case of @entity656 , and although not suspected initially, a high index of suspicion for @entity2742 developed after a biopsy of the mandibular @entity4 showed the presence of @entity2527 cells indicating the possibility of a @entity5 . Further investigations then revealed the presence of a solitary @entity3243 with @entity2742 which was then managed surgically. CONCLUSION: The young age of the @entity1 , and her presentation with @entity656 and a @entity5 of the mandible make this an extremely rare presentation of @entity3243 .

title: @entity3243 in a young female presenting as recurrent @entity656 with a XXXX of the mandible-A case study.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['brown tumour']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity459 is usually seen in females above the age of 50 years, with a prevalence of 21/1000,(1) whereas the incidence in @entity1 aged 12-28 years is less than 5%.(2) A solitary adenoma is responsible for 80% of cases of @entity459 .(3) @entity459 is most commonly asymptomatic.(4) The incidence of @entity656 associated with @entity2742 is less than 10%.(5,6) The incidence of @entity2742 associated with a @entity5 is less than 5%.(7) PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 19 year old female @entity1 presented with recurrent @entity656 and @entity4 over the mandible. Complete investigative workup revealed a solitary @entity3243 causing @entity2742 . Surgical exploration with excision of the @entity3243 was performed, following which the @entity1 recovered uneventfully. DISCUSSION: The @entity1 was initially managed as a case of @entity656 , and although not suspected initially, a high index of suspicion for @entity2742 developed after a biopsy of the mandibular @entity4 showed the presence of @entity2527 cells indicating the possibility of a @entity5 . Further investigations then revealed the presence of a solitary @entity3243 with @entity2742 which was then managed surgically. CONCLUSION: The young age of the @entity1 , and her presentation with @entity656 and a @entity5 of the mandible make this an extremely rare presentation of @entity3243 .

title: XXXX in a young female presenting as recurrent @entity656 with a @entity5 of the mandible-A case study.

answer: @entity3243 :: (MESH:D010282,Disease) :: ['Parathyroid adenoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Understanding the intentions of others is crucial in developing positive social relationships. Comparative @entity1 and non- @entity1 animal studies have addressed the phylogenetic origin of this ability. However, few studies have explored the importance of motion information in distinguishing others' intentions and goals in non- @entity1 primates. This study addressed whether squirrel monkeys ( @entity11420 ) are able to perceive a goal-directed motion pattern-specifically, chasing-represented by two geometric objects. In Experiment 1, we trained squirrel monkeys to discriminate a "Chasing" sequence from a "Random" sequence. We then confirmed that this discrimination transferred to new stimuli ("Chasing" and "Random") in a probe test. To determine whether the monkeys used similarities of trajectory to discriminate chasing from random motion, we also presented a non-chasing "Clone" sequence in which the trajectories of the two figures were identical. Three of six monkeys were able to discriminate "Chasing" from the other sequences. In Experiment 2, we confirmed @entity1 ' recognition of chasing with the stimuli from Experiment 1. In Experiment 3, the three monkeys for which discrimination did not transfer to the new stimuli in Experiment 1 were trained to discriminate between "Chasing" and "Clone" sequences. At testing, all three monkeys had learned to discriminate chasing, and two transferred their learning to new stimuli. Our results suggest that squirrel monkeys use goal-directed motion patterns, rather than simply similarity of trajectory, to discriminate chasing. Further investigation is necessary to identify the motion characteristics that contribute to this discrimination.

title: Perception of chasing in squirrel monkeys ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity11420 :: ('9521', 'Species') :: ['Saimiri sciureus']

answer: @entity11420 :: (9521,Species) :: ['Saimiri sciureus']


abstract: Western @entity4336 rootworm (WCR) is a major @entity2829 ( @entity2829 .) pest leading to annual economic losses of more than 1 billion dollars in the United States. Transgenic @entity2829 expressing insecticidal toxins derived from the bacterium @entity11137 (Bt) are widely used for the management of WCR. However, cultivation of Bt-expressing @entity2829 places intense selection pressure on pest populations to evolve resistance. Instances of resistance to Bt toxins have been reported in WCR. Developing genetic markers for resistance will help in characterizing the extent of existing issues, predicting where @entity177 may occur, improving insect resistance management strategies, and in designing and sustainably implementing forthcoming WCR control products. Here, we discover and validate genetic markers in WCR that are associated with resistance to the Cry3Bb1 Bt toxin. A field-derived WCR population known to be resistant to the Cry3Bb1 Bt toxin was used to generate a genetic map and to identify a genomic region associated with Cry3Bb1 resistance. Our results indicate that resistance is inherited in a nearly recessive manner and associated with a single autosomal linkage group. Markers tightly linked with resistance were validated using WCR populations collected from Cry3Bb1 @entity2829 fields showing significant WCR damage from across the US @entity4336 Belt. Two markers were found to be correlated with both diet (R2 = 0.14) and plant (R2 = 0.23) bioassays for resistance. These results will assist in assessing resistance risk for different WCR populations, and can be used to improve insect resistance management strategies.

title: Genetic markers for western XXXX rootworm resistance to Bt toxin.

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['future field failures']

entities_list: @entity11137 :: ('1428', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus thuringiensis']

answer: @entity4336 :: (381124,Species) :: ['corn']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Right atrial involvement in @entity1 with @entity3969 ( @entity3969 ) is a very rare phenomenon. CASE REPORT: The authors present four @entity1 with @entity3969 , in whom the @entity5 involved the inferior vena cava and the right atrium. In two @entity1 the @entity5 extension was asymptomatic, while the other two had @entity3181 . Therapeutic management included initial three-drug chemotherapy in three @entity1 , and primary @entity5 excision in one @entity1 , since the venous involvement had been not diagnosed. In each @entity1 , the therapeutic strategy was individualized and tailored to the course of the disease. Two @entity1 were cured. The @entity1 with bilateral @entity3969 died due to disease progression. Another @entity1 died suddenly at home in the course of an intermission between consecutive cycles of successful chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The extension of @entity3969 to the great vessels and the right atrium indirectly affects the final outcome. Preoperative chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity3969 invading the inferior vena cava and the right atrium is the method of choice. The extent of surgery depends on the preliminary chemotherapy results.

title: Right atrial extension of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ["Wilms' tumor", 'nephroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intracardiac tumor']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['Budd-Chiari syndrome']

answer: @entity3969 :: (MESH:D009396,Disease) :: ['Wilms' tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The localized form of @entity738 annulare is usually self-limiting, resolving within 2 years. Generalized @entity738 annulare, on the other hand, runs a protracted course, with spontaneous resolution being rare. It is also characterized by a later age of onset, an increased incidence of @entity6 , poor response to therapy, and an increased prevalence of HLA @entity16395 . OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of monthly pulsed rifampicin, ofloxacin, and minocycline (ROM) therapy in the management of @entity738 annulare. Methods : Six biopsy proven @entity1 of @entity738 annulare were included in the study, five of the generalized variety, and one localized. Three of these @entity1 were resistant to standard modalities of treatment. All six @entity1 were treated with pulses of once monthly ROM till complete resolution of all lesions. RESULTs were analyzed in terms of complete resolution of lesions and side effects. Presence of comorbid conditions was noted. RESULT: All six @entity1 were successfully treated with 4-8 pulses of monthly ROM. None of the @entity1 reported any adverse effects. LIMITATIONS: Small sample size and the lack of a control group are limitations. CONCLUSION: Treatment with pulses of once monthly ROM caused complete resolution of lesions in both localized and generalized @entity738 annulare, even in cases recalcitrant to conventional therapy. There were no side effects in any of the @entity1 . Larger trials are needed to substantiate the efficacy of monthly ROM in @entity738 annulare.

title: Monthly rifampicin, ofloxacin, and minocycline therapy for generalized and localized XXXX annulare.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

answer: @entity738 :: (MESH:D006099,Disease) :: ['granuloma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2395 is the most common @entity74 and rising in the world as a health problem. Due to the criticality of this disease, in our country @entity2395 prevention programs are more importance. The aim of this study was investigation of knowledge, attitude and behavior of marrying partners who were @entity2395 genetic carriers in prevention of the birth of the @entity1 with @entity8674 . METHODS: This study was a descriptive-analytic study. Data collection tool was a self-administered questionnaire that included 43 items. The content validity of questionnaire was investigated under the supervision of physicians, experts of health education and promotion. Its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's Alpha test. The subjects in the study consisted of 100 marrying partners who were genetic carriers of @entity2395 who referred to Premarital Counseling Center in Iranshahr City. Iranshahr is a a large city of Sistan and Balouchestan Province that located in southeast of Iran. The subjects were selected by convenience non-probability sampling method. Data analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistical tests in SPSS 16.00 and level of significance considered on a<0.05. FINDINGS: The average age of @entity1 and @entity1 that participated in this study was 21.92 and 24 years respectively. 88% of the partners had familial relationships. The educational level of most of the @entity1 (34%) was diploma and of @entity1 (44%) was pre-diploma. The research findings showed that 7% and 62% of the subjects had poor and mediocre levels of knowledge respectively. Also results showed that only 13% of them had a satisfactory behavior and educational status had a positive correlation with knowledge, behavior, perceived susceptibility and perceived severity (P<0.05). As well there was a significant statistical relationship between gender and familial relationship, and the perceived barriers of @entity1 . (p=0.01). The survey viewpoint of @entity1 showed that they believed knowledge increasing (40%), genetic counseling (33%) and premarital screening (27%) were the most important strategies for prevention of @entity2395 . CONCLUSION: The perceived barriers were the strongest predictors for preventive behaviors of incidence of @entity8674 in marrying partners, therefor educational interventions should focused on perceived barriers removing in Volunteer marrying partners.

title: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Carrier @entity2395 Marriage Volunteer in Prevention of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'participants', 'women', 'children']

entities_list: @entity8674 :: ('MESH:D017086', 'Disease') :: ['major thalassemia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic disorder']

entities_list: @entity2395 :: ('MESH:D013789', 'Disease') :: ['thalassemia', 'Thalassemia']

answer: @entity8674 :: (MESH:D017086,Disease) :: ['Major Thalassemia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2395 is the most common @entity74 and rising in the world as a health problem. Due to the criticality of this disease, in our country @entity2395 prevention programs are more importance. The aim of this study was investigation of knowledge, attitude and behavior of marrying partners who were @entity2395 genetic carriers in prevention of the birth of the @entity1 with @entity8674 . METHODS: This study was a descriptive-analytic study. Data collection tool was a self-administered questionnaire that included 43 items. The content validity of questionnaire was investigated under the supervision of physicians, experts of health education and promotion. Its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's Alpha test. The subjects in the study consisted of 100 marrying partners who were genetic carriers of @entity2395 who referred to Premarital Counseling Center in Iranshahr City. Iranshahr is a a large city of Sistan and Balouchestan Province that located in southeast of Iran. The subjects were selected by convenience non-probability sampling method. Data analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistical tests in SPSS 16.00 and level of significance considered on a<0.05. FINDINGS: The average age of @entity1 and @entity1 that participated in this study was 21.92 and 24 years respectively. 88% of the partners had familial relationships. The educational level of most of the @entity1 (34%) was diploma and of @entity1 (44%) was pre-diploma. The research findings showed that 7% and 62% of the subjects had poor and mediocre levels of knowledge respectively. Also results showed that only 13% of them had a satisfactory behavior and educational status had a positive correlation with knowledge, behavior, perceived susceptibility and perceived severity (P<0.05). As well there was a significant statistical relationship between gender and familial relationship, and the perceived barriers of @entity1 . (p=0.01). The survey viewpoint of @entity1 showed that they believed knowledge increasing (40%), genetic counseling (33%) and premarital screening (27%) were the most important strategies for prevention of @entity2395 . CONCLUSION: The perceived barriers were the strongest predictors for preventive behaviors of incidence of @entity8674 in marrying partners, therefor educational interventions should focused on perceived barriers removing in Volunteer marrying partners.

title: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Carrier XXXX Marriage Volunteer in Prevention of @entity8674 .

answer: @entity2395 :: (MESH:D013789,Disease) :: ['Thalassemia']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to describe the possible co-occurrence of @entity63757 and generalized @entity302 , focusing on diagnostic challenge and safety of dual treatments. METHODS AND RESULTS: Four @entity1 with comorbidity for @entity63757 and @entity3762 are reported: in three cases the onset of @entity302 preceded @entity63757 appearance, whereas in one case @entity302 spells onset was subsequent. @entity1 presented with absences, myoclonic and tonic-clonic @entity410 type: in the @entity1 with @entity410 the dual pathology was easily recognized, in the other cases the first diagnosis caused the comorbid disease to be overlooked, independent of the time-course sequence. All four @entity1 underwent neurological examination, video-electroencephalogram during which ictal and interictal @entity302 discharges were recorded, and sleep polysomnographic studies. Repeated sleep onset @entity1319 periods (SOREMPs) were documented with the multiple sleep latency test (MLST) in all the four cases. All @entity1 had unremarkable brain magnetic resonance imaging studies and cerebrospinal hypocretin-1 was assessed in two @entity1 , revealing undetectable levels. The association of antiepileptic drugs and substances currently used to treat @entity63757 , including @entity15221 , was effective in improving @entity410 , @entity25 , and @entity2725 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity63757 may occur in association with @entity3762 , leading to remarkable diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Electrophysiological studies as well as a comprehensive somnologic interview can help confirm the diagnosis in @entity1 with ambiguous neurological history. @entity15221 in combination with antiepileptic drugs is safe and effective in treating @entity25 .

title: Narcolepsy Type 1 and XXXX : Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in Dual Cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity63757 :: ('MESH:C563534', 'Disease') :: ['Narcolepsy type 1', 'narcolepsy type 1']

entities_list: @entity2725 :: ('MESH:D002385', 'Disease') :: ['cataplexy']

entities_list: @entity15221 :: ('MESH:D012978', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium oxybate', 'sodium oxybate']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3762 :: ('MESH:C562694', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic generalized epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness', 'sleep disturbance']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['rapid eye movement']

answer: @entity3762 :: (MESH:C562694,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy']


abstract: Differences in age and sex distribution as well as FAB (French-American-British classification) types have been reported for @entity3052 in several countries. We studied the demographics and response to treatment of @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and @entity981 ( @entity981 ) between 1989 and 2000 in Teresina, Piau , and compared these results with reports from Brazil and other countries. Complete data concerning 345 @entity1 (230 @entity981 , 115 @entity3052 ) were reviewed. @entity3052 occurred predominantly in adults (77%), with a median age of 34 years, similar to that found in the southeast of Brazil but lower than the median age in the United States and Europe (52 years). FAB distribution was similar in @entity1 and adults and @entity10707 was the most common type, as also found in Japan. The high frequency of @entity3232 described in most Brazilian studies and for Hispanics in the United States was not observed. Overall survival for adults was 40%, similar to other studies in Brazil. A high mortality rate was observed during induction. No clinical or hematological parameter influenced survival in the Cox model. @entity981 presented the characteristic peak of incidence between 2-8 years. Most of the cases were CD10+ pre-B @entity981 . In 25%, abnormal expression of myeloid antigens was observed. Only 10% of the @entity1 were older than 30 years. Overall survival was better for @entity1 . Age and leukocyte count were independent prognostic factors. These data demonstrate that, although there are regional peculiarities, the application of standardized treatments and good supportive care make it possible to achieve results observed in other countries for the same chemotherapy protocols.

title: XXXX in Piau  : comparison with features observed in other regions of Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemias', 'acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['Acute leukemias']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Refugees in the United States have high rates of @entity102 . Both long-term effects of the refugee experience and adjustment to the U.S. health environment may contribute. While there is significant research on health outcomes of newly resettled refugees and long-term mental health experiences of established refugees, there is currently little information about how the combined effects of the refugee experience and the U.S. health environment are related to health practices of refugees in the years and decades after resettlement. We examined cross-sectional survey data for Cambodian refugee and immigrant @entity1 35 to 60 years old (n = 160) from an established refugee community in Lowell, Massachusetts, to examine the potential contributors to health behaviors and outcomes among refugees and immigrants postresettlement. In our representative sample, we found that smoking and betel nut use were very low (4% each). Fewer than 50% of respondents walked for at least 10 minutes on 2 or more days/week. Using World Health Organization standards for overweight/ @entity28 for Asians, 73% of respondents were overweight/ @entity28 and 56% were @entity28 , indicating increased risk of @entity102 . @entity308 was also high in this sample (41%). In multivariate models, higher acculturation and age were associated with walking more often; lower education and higher acculturation were related to higher weight; and being divorced/separated or widowed and being older were related to higher risk of @entity308 . The interrelated complex of characteristics, health behaviors, and health outcomes of refugees merits a multifaceted approach to health education and health promotion for long-term refugee health.

title: Long-Term Refugee Health: Health Behaviors and Outcomes of Cambodian Refugee and Immigrant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated whether bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG)-induced secretion of @entity19 b-defensin-2 ( @entity30611 ) and determined whether @entity30611 regulated BCG effects in the normal @entity19 bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 140 C57BL/6 female @entity19 were divided into 28 groups, and the experiment was performed over 3 steps. In the first step (20 groups), @entity19 bladders were stimulated with different doses of BCG (multiplicity of infection [MOI] 0, 1, 10, 30, and 100) and histological analysis was conducted in bladder specimens isolated at different times (0, 4, 8, and 24h after instillation) to determine optimal dose and time point of BCG internalization and urine @entity30611 and cytokine concentration. In the second step (4 groups), BCG internalization and urine cytokine levels were measured after pretreatment of different recombinant @entity30611 (rmBD2) (0, 1, 2.5, and 5ng/ml) at optimal dose and time point. In the third step (4 groups), BCG internalization and urine cytokine levels were compared between pretreatment conditions (control, rmBD2, anti- @entity30611 Ab, and rmBD2+anti- @entity30611 Ab). Urine was collected for estimating @entity30611 levels and a multiplex analysis for 9 cytokines. Real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used for estimating the relative BCG cell number in @entity19 bladder tissue. RESULTS: Bladder @entity4 was induced by BCG (MOI 30 and 100), which progressed to an inflammatory infiltrate composed primarily of neutrophils and increased @entity30611 secretion at 4 hours after instillation. Relative BCG cell number and urinary cytokine levels (interferon-y and interleukins [IL]-2, -4, -6, and -10) response pattern was characterized by a peak at 4 hours after instillation followed by rapid decline. The levels of interferon-y, and @entity16821 and relative BCG cell numbers decreased in a dose-dependent manner according to pretreatment with rmBD2 protein, and the responses were potentiated in the anti- @entity30611 pretreatment group at 4 hours after BCG (MOI 30) instillation. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that the @entity19 urothelium produces @entity30611 in response to intravesicular BCG as a defense mechanism against BCG, and blocking @entity30611 by an anti- @entity30611 antibody increased the effectiveness of BCG.

title: XXXX b-defensin-2 may regulate the effect of bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG) in normal @entity19 bladder.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Murine']


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated whether bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG)-induced secretion of @entity19 b-defensin-2 ( @entity30611 ) and determined whether @entity30611 regulated BCG effects in the normal @entity19 bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 140 C57BL/6 female @entity19 were divided into 28 groups, and the experiment was performed over 3 steps. In the first step (20 groups), @entity19 bladders were stimulated with different doses of BCG (multiplicity of infection [MOI] 0, 1, 10, 30, and 100) and histological analysis was conducted in bladder specimens isolated at different times (0, 4, 8, and 24h after instillation) to determine optimal dose and time point of BCG internalization and urine @entity30611 and cytokine concentration. In the second step (4 groups), BCG internalization and urine cytokine levels were measured after pretreatment of different recombinant @entity30611 (rmBD2) (0, 1, 2.5, and 5ng/ml) at optimal dose and time point. In the third step (4 groups), BCG internalization and urine cytokine levels were compared between pretreatment conditions (control, rmBD2, anti- @entity30611 Ab, and rmBD2+anti- @entity30611 Ab). Urine was collected for estimating @entity30611 levels and a multiplex analysis for 9 cytokines. Real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used for estimating the relative BCG cell number in @entity19 bladder tissue. RESULTS: Bladder @entity4 was induced by BCG (MOI 30 and 100), which progressed to an inflammatory infiltrate composed primarily of neutrophils and increased @entity30611 secretion at 4 hours after instillation. Relative BCG cell number and urinary cytokine levels (interferon-y and interleukins [IL]-2, -4, -6, and -10) response pattern was characterized by a peak at 4 hours after instillation followed by rapid decline. The levels of interferon-y, and @entity16821 and relative BCG cell numbers decreased in a dose-dependent manner according to pretreatment with rmBD2 protein, and the responses were potentiated in the anti- @entity30611 pretreatment group at 4 hours after BCG (MOI 30) instillation. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that the @entity19 urothelium produces @entity30611 in response to intravesicular BCG as a defense mechanism against BCG, and blocking @entity30611 by an anti- @entity30611 antibody increased the effectiveness of BCG.

title: @entity19 b-defensin-2 may regulate the effect of bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG) in normal XXXX bladder.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Maternal high fat diet ( @entity1386 ) is associated with @entity65 later in life. This study tested the hypothesis that maternal @entity1386 causes programming of increased cardiac @entity11082 ( @entity11082 ) expression, resulting in heightened cardiac susceptibility to @entity63 in male offspring in a sex-dependent manner. Pregnant @entity35 were divided between control and @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) groups. Maternal @entity1386 resulted in @entity1283 in only male offspring, but had no effect on cardiac systolic and diastolic function in both male and female offspring. In addition, maternal @entity1386 increased heart susceptibility to @entity63 -reperfusion injury in adult male offspring, but not female offspring. There was an increase in @entity11082 mRNA and protein abundance in male, but not female offspring. However, maternal @entity1386 had no effect on @entity11154 ( @entity11154 ) expression in both male and female offspring. @entity1386 resulted in decreased glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) binding to the glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) at the @entity11082 promoter, which was due to decreased GRs in the heart of adult male offspring. Inhibition of @entity11082 with @entity11083 abrogated maternal @entity1386 -induced increase in @entity299 vulnerability in male adult @entity35 . The results demonstrate that maternal @entity1386 causes programming of increased @entity11082 gene expression in the heart by downregulation of GR, contributing to the heightened cardiac vulnerability to @entity63 in adult male offspring in a sex-dependent manner.

title: Maternal High-Fat Diet Causes a Sex-Dependent Increase in XXXX Expression and Cardiac Dysfunction in Adult Male @entity35 Offspring.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac ischemic']

entities_list: @entity11082 :: ('24182(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['Agtr2', 'angiotensin II receptor type 2', 'AGTR2']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity11154 :: ('81638(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['AGTR1', 'angiotensin II receptor type 1']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['HFD', 'high fat diet-fed during gestation']

answer: @entity11082 :: (24182(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['AGTR2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Maternal high fat diet ( @entity1386 ) is associated with @entity65 later in life. This study tested the hypothesis that maternal @entity1386 causes programming of increased cardiac @entity11082 ( @entity11082 ) expression, resulting in heightened cardiac susceptibility to @entity63 in male offspring in a sex-dependent manner. Pregnant @entity35 were divided between control and @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) groups. Maternal @entity1386 resulted in @entity1283 in only male offspring, but had no effect on cardiac systolic and diastolic function in both male and female offspring. In addition, maternal @entity1386 increased heart susceptibility to @entity63 -reperfusion injury in adult male offspring, but not female offspring. There was an increase in @entity11082 mRNA and protein abundance in male, but not female offspring. However, maternal @entity1386 had no effect on @entity11154 ( @entity11154 ) expression in both male and female offspring. @entity1386 resulted in decreased glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) binding to the glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) at the @entity11082 promoter, which was due to decreased GRs in the heart of adult male offspring. Inhibition of @entity11082 with @entity11083 abrogated maternal @entity1386 -induced increase in @entity299 vulnerability in male adult @entity35 . The results demonstrate that maternal @entity1386 causes programming of increased @entity11082 gene expression in the heart by downregulation of GR, contributing to the heightened cardiac vulnerability to @entity63 in adult male offspring in a sex-dependent manner.

title: Maternal High-Fat Diet Causes a Sex-Dependent Increase in @entity11082 Expression and Cardiac Dysfunction in Adult Male XXXX Offspring.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is an effective treatment for occlusive @entity1276 caused by an obstruction of the CSF flow in the aqueduct or the posterior fossa. We evaluated the factors age, pathology and surgical technique on the results of the ETV. METHODS: Between November 1992 and October 2000 171 ETV have been performed in 159 @entity1 . The follow-up was evaluated in 150 @entity1 . The age ranged from 10 days to 77 years (mean age 35 years). The @entity1276 was caused by @entity1276 in 77 @entity1 , space-occupying lesions in 59, by intraventricular @entity548 in 11, and by other causes in 3 @entity1 . The trajectory was planned in 31 @entity1 by frame-based and in 4 @entity1 by frameless stereotaxy. RESULTS: The overall success rate of a single ETV was 71.3 % and including successful re-ETV 76.7 %. Best results were observed in adults and @entity1 older than 1 year. @entity1 demonstrated significantly worser outcomes. @entity1 with @entity1276 and @entity5 compressing the aqueduct had the greatest profit from the ETV. The stereotactic guidance had no influence on the outcome and the number of severe complications. Complications were one @entity548 , three @entity548 , and one ICB, all without permanent deficit, except one permanent @entity1269 . No mortality was observed.

title: The role of third ventriculostomy in the management of obstructive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus', 'benign aqueductal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhages', 'venous bleedings', 'arterial bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['hydrocephalus']


abstract: CASE REPORTS: We report a clinical and EEG study of 8 @entity1 with reflex @entity3148 of @entity950 to further confirm the existence of this syndrome first described by Ricci et al in 1995. RESULTS: Between February 1990 to July 2002, we identified 64 @entity302 @entity1 with @entity410 with an onset in the first six years of life. Eight (12.5%) of these @entity1 had @entity410 stimuli sensible. The @entity410 were characterized by generalized, @entity2045 triggered by tactile stimuli in six @entity1 and acoustic stimuli in two, in one of them @entity2045 were triggered by both types of stimuli. The @entity410 appeared between 5 and 20 months of age. Two of the 8 @entity1 had spontaneous @entity2045 during sleep. Interictal EEG was normal during wakefulness and occasional discharges were evident during sleep. In contrast, the ictal EEG during both wakefulness and sleep showed generalized spike wave and polyspike slow wave paroxysms. Neurologic examination, neuroimaging and neurometabolic studies were normal. @entity2045 disappeared in 6 @entity1 after @entity1092 administration and in two after clobazan administration. Antiepileptic treatment was discontinued in 6 @entity1 and no @entity410 recurrence was observed during a median follow up of 6 years. CONCLUSION: Our @entity1 presented electro clinical criteria compatible with the syndrome of reflex @entity3148 of @entity950 . This syndrome could be considered to be a new reflex @entity302 or a variant of benign @entity3148 in @entity950 .

title: [Reflex @entity3148 in XXXX : a new reflex epilepsy syndrome or a variant of benign @entity3148 in @entity950 ].

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'myoclonic seizure', 'myoclonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonic jerks', 'myoclonic attacks', 'Myoclonic jerks']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic syndrome', 'epileptic']

entities_list: @entity3148 :: ('MESH:D004831', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonic epilepsy']

answer: @entity950 :: (MESH:C537702,Disease) :: ['infancy']


abstract: CASE REPORTS: We report a clinical and EEG study of 8 @entity1 with reflex @entity3148 of @entity950 to further confirm the existence of this syndrome first described by Ricci et al in 1995. RESULTS: Between February 1990 to July 2002, we identified 64 @entity302 @entity1 with @entity410 with an onset in the first six years of life. Eight (12.5%) of these @entity1 had @entity410 stimuli sensible. The @entity410 were characterized by generalized, @entity2045 triggered by tactile stimuli in six @entity1 and acoustic stimuli in two, in one of them @entity2045 were triggered by both types of stimuli. The @entity410 appeared between 5 and 20 months of age. Two of the 8 @entity1 had spontaneous @entity2045 during sleep. Interictal EEG was normal during wakefulness and occasional discharges were evident during sleep. In contrast, the ictal EEG during both wakefulness and sleep showed generalized spike wave and polyspike slow wave paroxysms. Neurologic examination, neuroimaging and neurometabolic studies were normal. @entity2045 disappeared in 6 @entity1 after @entity1092 administration and in two after clobazan administration. Antiepileptic treatment was discontinued in 6 @entity1 and no @entity410 recurrence was observed during a median follow up of 6 years. CONCLUSION: Our @entity1 presented electro clinical criteria compatible with the syndrome of reflex @entity3148 of @entity950 . This syndrome could be considered to be a new reflex @entity302 or a variant of benign @entity3148 in @entity950 .

title: [Reflex @entity3148 in @entity950 : a new reflex epilepsy syndrome or a variant of benign @entity3148 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

answer: @entity950 :: (MESH:C537702,Disease) :: ['infancy']


abstract: CASE REPORTS: We report a clinical and EEG study of 8 @entity1 with reflex @entity3148 of @entity950 to further confirm the existence of this syndrome first described by Ricci et al in 1995. RESULTS: Between February 1990 to July 2002, we identified 64 @entity302 @entity1 with @entity410 with an onset in the first six years of life. Eight (12.5%) of these @entity1 had @entity410 stimuli sensible. The @entity410 were characterized by generalized, @entity2045 triggered by tactile stimuli in six @entity1 and acoustic stimuli in two, in one of them @entity2045 were triggered by both types of stimuli. The @entity410 appeared between 5 and 20 months of age. Two of the 8 @entity1 had spontaneous @entity2045 during sleep. Interictal EEG was normal during wakefulness and occasional discharges were evident during sleep. In contrast, the ictal EEG during both wakefulness and sleep showed generalized spike wave and polyspike slow wave paroxysms. Neurologic examination, neuroimaging and neurometabolic studies were normal. @entity2045 disappeared in 6 @entity1 after @entity1092 administration and in two after clobazan administration. Antiepileptic treatment was discontinued in 6 @entity1 and no @entity410 recurrence was observed during a median follow up of 6 years. CONCLUSION: Our @entity1 presented electro clinical criteria compatible with the syndrome of reflex @entity3148 of @entity950 . This syndrome could be considered to be a new reflex @entity302 or a variant of benign @entity3148 in @entity950 .

title: [Reflex XXXX in @entity950 : a new reflex epilepsy syndrome or a variant of benign @entity3148 in @entity950 ].

answer: @entity3148 :: (MESH:D004831,Disease) :: ['myoclonic epilepsy']


abstract: CASE REPORTS: We report a clinical and EEG study of 8 @entity1 with reflex @entity3148 of @entity950 to further confirm the existence of this syndrome first described by Ricci et al in 1995. RESULTS: Between February 1990 to July 2002, we identified 64 @entity302 @entity1 with @entity410 with an onset in the first six years of life. Eight (12.5%) of these @entity1 had @entity410 stimuli sensible. The @entity410 were characterized by generalized, @entity2045 triggered by tactile stimuli in six @entity1 and acoustic stimuli in two, in one of them @entity2045 were triggered by both types of stimuli. The @entity410 appeared between 5 and 20 months of age. Two of the 8 @entity1 had spontaneous @entity2045 during sleep. Interictal EEG was normal during wakefulness and occasional discharges were evident during sleep. In contrast, the ictal EEG during both wakefulness and sleep showed generalized spike wave and polyspike slow wave paroxysms. Neurologic examination, neuroimaging and neurometabolic studies were normal. @entity2045 disappeared in 6 @entity1 after @entity1092 administration and in two after clobazan administration. Antiepileptic treatment was discontinued in 6 @entity1 and no @entity410 recurrence was observed during a median follow up of 6 years. CONCLUSION: Our @entity1 presented electro clinical criteria compatible with the syndrome of reflex @entity3148 of @entity950 . This syndrome could be considered to be a new reflex @entity302 or a variant of benign @entity3148 in @entity950 .

title: [Reflex @entity3148 in @entity950 : a new reflex epilepsy syndrome or a variant of benign XXXX in @entity950 ].

answer: @entity3148 :: (MESH:D004831,Disease) :: ['myoclonic epilepsy']


abstract: The structure of reparative tertiary dentin in @entity1 deciduous teeth has been studied. Reparative dentin is secreted by a new generation of odontoblast-like cells which have been subject to strong stimuli, e.g., @entity130 or deep active @entity75 with associated pulp @entity32 . Ground sections of 25 teeth were prepared, and contact microradiographs were produced. Another 30 teeth were demineralized, embedded in @entity982 , sectioned, and stained with @entity1710 and @entity1711 . Some demineralized sections from each tooth were also studied in the scanning electron microscope. Most of the teeth showed some type of tertiary dentin formation. Mineralized tissue with a varied morphology was observed. In teeth which had been subject to @entity130 , the entire pulp chamber was sometimes obliterated. Mineralization seemed to start in the incisal region, and the central part of the pulp was the last part to be obliterated. Radiolucent voids and canals were seen. The organic matrix was dense and fibrous. In the pulp chamber and especially in the root canals, resorption had often occurred, indicating that signals giving rise to odontoclasts were also present. Resorption was often followed by deposition of various amounts of cementum-like repair tissue. The cells responsible for the formation of reparative dentin are believed to be subodontoblasts or undifferentiated ectomesenchymal cells. The varied morphology of the reparative dentin, observed in the pulp of the teeth examined, indicates that different stimuli lead to induction of hard-tissue-forming cells which produce different types of hard tissue.

title: Further observations on tertiary dentin in XXXX deciduous teeth.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['caries lesions']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ) is associated with the presence of autoantibodies (AABs) that activate the angiotensin II AT1 receptor, which could contribute to many of the symptoms of @entity1468 . METHODS: To investigate the frequency and the targets of AABs in preeclamptic @entity1 (31 cases) and healthy pregnant normotensive @entity1 (29 cases) in Brazil, antibodies from serum samples were detected by a bioassay using spontaneously beating neonatal @entity35 cardiomyocytes in culture. In the cardiomyocytes, the agonistic AABs induce a positive or negative chronotropic response, mimicking the corresponding receptor agonists. The specificity of the AAB response was identified by specific receptor antagonists. RESULTS: Thirty preeclamptic @entity1 (97%) presented AABs against the angiotensin II AT1 receptor. The agonistic effect of the AAB was blocked by @entity7056 and neutralized by a peptide corresponding to the second extracellular loop of this receptor. Strikingly, we discovered that all sera from the severe preeclamptic @entity1 (16 cases) contained a novel agonist-like AAB directed against the endothelin-1 ETA receptor in addition to the AABs against the angiotensin II AT1 receptor. This AAB was selectively blocked by the antagonist @entity11344 , antagonized by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor @entity11616 and neutralized by peptides corresponding to the second extracellular loop of the endothelin-1 ETA receptor subtype. CONCLUSIONS: We described, for the first time, the presence of endothelin-1 ETA receptor AABs in @entity1468 . Our results suggest that the presence of both agonistic AABs may be involved in the pathogenesis of severe @entity1468 .

title: Identification of a Novel Agonist-Like Autoantibody in Preeclamptic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7056 :: ('MESH:C081309', 'Chemical') :: ['irbesartan']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia', 'PE']

entities_list: @entity11616 :: ('MESH:C058819', 'Chemical') :: ['Calphostin C']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Avocados are a nutrient-dense source of @entity6221 ( @entity8981 ) that can be used to replace @entity1718 ( @entity10194 ) in a diet to lower low density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C). Well-controlled studies are lacking on the effect of avocado consumption on @entity65 ( @entity65 ) risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: A randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial was conducted with 45 overweight or @entity28 @entity1 with baseline LDL-C in the 25th to 90th percentile. Three @entity165 -lowering diets (6% to 7% @entity10194 ) were fed (5 weeks each): a lower-fat diet (LF: 24% fat); 2 moderate-fat diets (34% fat) provided similar foods and were matched for macronutrients and @entity1718 : the avocado diet (AV) included one fresh Hass avocado (136 g) per day, and the moderate-fat diet (MF) mainly used high @entity3952 oils to match the @entity844 content of one avocado. Compared with baseline, the reduction in LDL-C and non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 on the AV diet (-13.5 mg/dL, -14.6 mg/dL) was greater (P<0.05) than the MF (-8.3 mg/dL, -8.7 mg/dL) and LF (-7.4 mg/dL, -4.8 mg/dL) diets. Furthermore, only the AV diet significantly decreased LDL particle number (LDL-P, -80.1 nmol/L, P=0.0001), small dense LDL @entity165 (LDL(3+4), -4.1 mg/dL, P=0.04), and the ratio of LDL/HDL (-6.6%, P<0.0001) from baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Inclusion of one avocado per day as part of a moderate-fat, @entity165 -lowering diet has additional LDL-C, LDL-P, and non-HDL-C lowering effects, especially for small, dense LDL. Our results demonstrate that avocados have beneficial effects on cardio-metabolic risk factors that extend beyond their heart-healthy @entity844 profile. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01235832.

title: Effect of a moderate fat diet with and without avocados on lipoprotein particle number, size and subclasses in overweight and XXXX adults: a randomized, controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity6221 :: ('MESH:D005229', 'Chemical') :: ['monounsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids', 'saturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: Neuropathological investigations have demonstrated brain-behavior relationships in @entity195 of the @entity195 (SDAT), but CT studies have not produced consistent findings. We hypothesized that these discouraging results were in part due to limitations in the methods of CT scan evaluations, and to non-homogeneity of @entity1 populations. The present study examined 43 out- @entity1 with the presumptive diagnosis of SDAT using 37 cognitive test measures and 3 independent CT evaluation strategies. The CT methods included a new rank ordering procedure and two previously used techniques, physical measurement and 4-point rating. Highly significant (p less than or equal to 0.01) brain-behavior correlations were attained using the ranking and rating procedures for evaluation of ventricular and cortical pathology. It was found that rank ordering has high interrater reliability and is superior to the other methods for the evaluation of the ventricular system. The physical measurement of the third ventricle is the single most powerful linear correlate of @entity73 . Measurement of cortical sulci are of no correlational significance. Multiple regression analyses indicated that global assessments are the best cognitive predictors of both ventricular and cortical pathology. Thus the present study has demonstrated brain-behavior relationships in vivo in SDAT.

title: Computed tomography evaluations of brain-behavior relationships in @entity195 of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's type", 'senile dementia']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's type']


abstract: Neuropathological investigations have demonstrated brain-behavior relationships in @entity195 of the @entity195 (SDAT), but CT studies have not produced consistent findings. We hypothesized that these discouraging results were in part due to limitations in the methods of CT scan evaluations, and to non-homogeneity of @entity1 populations. The present study examined 43 out- @entity1 with the presumptive diagnosis of SDAT using 37 cognitive test measures and 3 independent CT evaluation strategies. The CT methods included a new rank ordering procedure and two previously used techniques, physical measurement and 4-point rating. Highly significant (p less than or equal to 0.01) brain-behavior correlations were attained using the ranking and rating procedures for evaluation of ventricular and cortical pathology. It was found that rank ordering has high interrater reliability and is superior to the other methods for the evaluation of the ventricular system. The physical measurement of the third ventricle is the single most powerful linear correlate of @entity73 . Measurement of cortical sulci are of no correlational significance. Multiple regression analyses indicated that global assessments are the best cognitive predictors of both ventricular and cortical pathology. Thus the present study has demonstrated brain-behavior relationships in vivo in SDAT.

title: Computed tomography evaluations of brain-behavior relationships in XXXX of the @entity195 .

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['senile dementia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the prevalence of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) among @entity1 with arterial @entity101 , and indirectly, the crucial impact of adopting screening for @entity6 as a standard procedure for all @entity1 diagnosed with arterial @entity101 . MATERIALS _ METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of @entity101 @entity1 recruited from three different university hospitals in Lebanon. Blood pressure and glycemic blood measurements were determined in all subjects. In addition, a complete clinical history and physical exam were performed. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Frequencies for the different variables were calculated, and the chi-square and independent sample t-tests were conducted. RESULTS: This study included 294 @entity1 . Prevalence of @entity6 was 27%, and 23% of @entity6 @entity1 were newly diagnosed. More than half of the subjects suffering from @entity6 had uncontrolled blood pressure, contrasted with only one third of the non- @entity6 subjects with uncontrolled @entity101 . CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity6 in @entity1 with essential @entity101 was more than double that of the general population. Therefore, major recommendations would be to adopt strictly the @entity6 screening requirements and aggressive management among @entity101 @entity1 to minimize both the health and cost burdens associated with undetected @entity6 .

title: PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG @entity1 WITH ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['HYPERTENSION']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the prevalence of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) among @entity1 with arterial @entity101 , and indirectly, the crucial impact of adopting screening for @entity6 as a standard procedure for all @entity1 diagnosed with arterial @entity101 . MATERIALS _ METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of @entity101 @entity1 recruited from three different university hospitals in Lebanon. Blood pressure and glycemic blood measurements were determined in all subjects. In addition, a complete clinical history and physical exam were performed. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Frequencies for the different variables were calculated, and the chi-square and independent sample t-tests were conducted. RESULTS: This study included 294 @entity1 . Prevalence of @entity6 was 27%, and 23% of @entity6 @entity1 were newly diagnosed. More than half of the subjects suffering from @entity6 had uncontrolled blood pressure, contrasted with only one third of the non- @entity6 subjects with uncontrolled @entity101 . CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity6 in @entity1 with essential @entity101 was more than double that of the general population. Therefore, major recommendations would be to adopt strictly the @entity6 screening requirements and aggressive management among @entity101 @entity1 to minimize both the health and cost burdens associated with undetected @entity6 .

title: PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG XXXX WITH ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL @entity101 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: Although characteristic motor symptoms of @entity191 such as @entity2845 typically improve under dopaminergic medication, deficits in higher motor control are less responsive. We here investigated the dopaminergic modulation of network dynamics underlying basic motor performance, i.e. finger tapping, and higher motor control, i.e. internally and externally cued movement preparation and selection. Twelve @entity1 , assessed ON and OFF medication, and 12 age-matched healthy subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Dynamic causal modelling was used to assess effective connectivity in a motor network comprising cortical and subcortical regions. In particular, we investigated whether impairments in basic and higher motor control, and the effects induced by dopaminergic treatment are due to connectivity changes in (i) the mesial premotor loop comprising the supplementary motor area; (ii) the lateral premotor loop comprising lateral premotor cortex; and (iii) cortico-subcortical interactions. At the behavioural level, we observed a marked slowing of movement preparation and selection when @entity1 were internally as opposed to externally cued. Preserved performance during external cueing was associated with enhanced connectivity between prefrontal cortex and lateral premotor cortex OFF medication, compatible with a context-dependent compensatory role of the lateral premotor loop in the hypodopaminergic state. Dopaminergic medication significantly improved finger tapping speed in @entity1 , which correlated with a drug-induced coupling increase of prefrontal cortex with the supplementary motor area, i.e. the mesial premotor loop. In addition, only in the finger tapping condition, @entity1 ON medication showed enhanced excitatory influences exerted by cortical premotor regions and the thalamus upon the putamen. In conclusion, the amelioration of @entity2845 by dopaminergic medication seems to be driven by enhanced connectivity within the mesial premotor loop and cortico-striatal interactions. In contrast, medication did not improve internal motor control deficits concurrent to missing effects at the connectivity level. This differential effect of dopaminergic medication on the network dynamics underlying motor control provides new insights into the clinical finding that in @entity191 dopaminergic drugs especially impact on @entity2845 but less on executive functions.

title: Dopaminergic modulation of motor network dynamics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['bradykinesia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mucins are important in tumorigenesis and expressional alterations of mucins are common in @entity1 @entity5 . A membrane-bound mucin @entity31844 and secreted mucins @entity5088 and @entity26484 are known to involve in tumorigenesis, but their mutation status in @entity5 remains unknown. Aim of this study was to explore whether @entity5088 , @entity26484 and @entity31844 genes are mutated and expressionally altered in gastric (GC) and @entity14 ( @entity14 ). In a public database, we found that @entity31844 and @entity26484 genes had mononucleotide repeats in the coding sequences that might be mutation targets in the @entity5 with @entity124 ( @entity2746 ). We analyzed the mutations in 90 GC and 141 @entity14 (high @entity2746 ( @entity2746 ) or stable @entity2746 /low @entity2746 ( @entity2746 )) by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing. In the present study, we found @entity31844 frameshift mutations (14.7% of GC and 15.2% of @entity14 with @entity2746 ), MUC 7 frameshift mutations (2.9% of GC with @entity2746 ) and @entity5088 frameshift mutations (8.8% of GC and 3.8% of @entity14 with @entity2746 ). These mutations were not found in in @entity2746 (0/118). Additionally, we analyzed intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) of @entity31844 mutation in 16 @entity14 and found that seven @entity14 (43.8%) harbored regional ITH of @entity31844 . We also analyzed @entity31844 expression in GC and @entity14 by immunohistochemistry. Negative @entity31844 expression was identified in 15-41% of the GC and @entity14 irrespective of @entity2746 status. Of note, the negative expression was more common in those with @entity31844 mutations. We identified alterations of MUC genes at various levels (frameshift mutations, genetic ITH and expression loss), which together might play a role in tumorigenesis of GC and @entity14 with @entity2746 . Our data suggest that mutation analysis in multiple regions is needed for a better evaluation of mutation status in @entity14 with @entity2746 .

title: Frameshift Mutations of @entity31844 Gene in Gastric and its Regional Heterogeneity in Gastric and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['microsatellite instability']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'CRC']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancers']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mucins are important in tumorigenesis and expressional alterations of mucins are common in @entity1 @entity5 . A membrane-bound mucin @entity31844 and secreted mucins @entity5088 and @entity26484 are known to involve in tumorigenesis, but their mutation status in @entity5 remains unknown. Aim of this study was to explore whether @entity5088 , @entity26484 and @entity31844 genes are mutated and expressionally altered in gastric (GC) and @entity14 ( @entity14 ). In a public database, we found that @entity31844 and @entity26484 genes had mononucleotide repeats in the coding sequences that might be mutation targets in the @entity5 with @entity124 ( @entity2746 ). We analyzed the mutations in 90 GC and 141 @entity14 (high @entity2746 ( @entity2746 ) or stable @entity2746 /low @entity2746 ( @entity2746 )) by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing. In the present study, we found @entity31844 frameshift mutations (14.7% of GC and 15.2% of @entity14 with @entity2746 ), MUC 7 frameshift mutations (2.9% of GC with @entity2746 ) and @entity5088 frameshift mutations (8.8% of GC and 3.8% of @entity14 with @entity2746 ). These mutations were not found in in @entity2746 (0/118). Additionally, we analyzed intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) of @entity31844 mutation in 16 @entity14 and found that seven @entity14 (43.8%) harbored regional ITH of @entity31844 . We also analyzed @entity31844 expression in GC and @entity14 by immunohistochemistry. Negative @entity31844 expression was identified in 15-41% of the GC and @entity14 irrespective of @entity2746 status. Of note, the negative expression was more common in those with @entity31844 mutations. We identified alterations of MUC genes at various levels (frameshift mutations, genetic ITH and expression loss), which together might play a role in tumorigenesis of GC and @entity14 with @entity2746 . Our data suggest that mutation analysis in multiple regions is needed for a better evaluation of mutation status in @entity14 with @entity2746 .

title: Frameshift Mutations of XXXX Gene in Gastric and its Regional Heterogeneity in Gastric and @entity14 .

answer: @entity31844 :: (143662,Gene) :: ['MUC15']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The majority of @entity1 who have a first @entity308 are treated by Primary Care physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of antidepressants and referrals to mental health and the treatment modifications made by psychiatrists. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective study was conducted on @entity1 from 64 Primary Care clinics, distributed in five Spanish provinces. The clinical history data, regarding use of antidepressants, criteria for referral, and response of @entity146 services were evaluated from June 2008 to June 2011. RESULTS: The study included 324 @entity1 . The most commonly prescribed medication was @entity837 , with selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) making up 73.5% of the total. More than two-thirds (69.7%) of the @entity1 were on treatment for at least 6 months, with no reason recorded for the 40.4% drop-outs. A large majority of professionals (76.9%) wait at least 3 weeks before modifying the medication, especially changing antidepressant. The Primary Care physicians referred 39.2% of @entity1 to psychiatry, although much of these referrals (43.9%) had no justification. There was a lower referral rate to psychology (23.1%). An antidepressant was given to a large number of @entity1 on multiple medications, without taking into account the risk of interactions in a high percentage. CONCLUSIONS: The Primary Care physician appropriately uses the antidepressants of the first choice, but does not pay attention to the risks in complex @entity1 . There must be an appropriate duration of treatment and an improvement of the criteria for referral to mental health services.

title: [Management of a first XXXX in the primary care setting. Use of antidepressants and referrals].

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive episode']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['escitalopram']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depressive episode']


abstract: @entity11 are the most common and aggressive types of @entity5 in @entity1 brain, of which the prognosis remains dismal because of their biological behavior. The involvement of miRNAs in tumorigenesis of various kinds of @entity5 drives us to explore new miRNAs related to @entity11 . We measured expression level of @entity36119  -3p by qRT-PCR in @entity1 @entity11 and @entity5 brain tissues and found that higher level of @entity36119  -3p in @entity11 tissues of higher grade. Biological functions of @entity36119  -3p on @entity11 cells were investigated by @entity98 assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay. We discovered the cell lines transfected with @entity36119  -3p ASO (antisense oligonucleotide) had retarded proliferation and invasion but enhanced apoptosis ability. We searched on-line tool Targetscan and selected @entity29726 ( @entity71403 ) as a putative target. Luciferase reporter was employed to confirm the binding sites in 3'UTR region of @entity67396 for @entity36119  -3p. The correlation between expression of @entity67396 and @entity36119  -3p was determined by western blotting and qRT-PCR both in cell lines and @entity1 samples. Results showed @entity67396 was a direct target of @entity36119  -3p and expression levels of @entity67396 and @entity36119  -3p were negatively correlated. Finally, @entity67396 largely abrogated the effects of @entity36119  -3p on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of @entity11 cells in rescue experiments, which verified the role of @entity67396 in @entity36119  -3p regulating @entity11 biological behavior. In conclusion, our data suggest the expression level of @entity36119  -3p is positively related to @entity11 grade and downregulation of @entity36119  -3p affects proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of @entity11 cells by targeting @entity67396 . We identified @entity36119  -3p as a putative therapeutic target and @entity67396 as a potential @entity5 suppressor.

title: Downregulation of miR-95-3p inhibits proliferation, and invasion promoting apoptosis of @entity11 cells by targeting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'non-neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['Gliomas', 'glioma', 'gliomas']

answer: @entity67396 :: (10659,Gene) :: ['CELF2']


abstract: @entity11 are the most common and aggressive types of @entity5 in @entity1 brain, of which the prognosis remains dismal because of their biological behavior. The involvement of miRNAs in tumorigenesis of various kinds of @entity5 drives us to explore new miRNAs related to @entity11 . We measured expression level of @entity36119  -3p by qRT-PCR in @entity1 @entity11 and @entity5 brain tissues and found that higher level of @entity36119  -3p in @entity11 tissues of higher grade. Biological functions of @entity36119  -3p on @entity11 cells were investigated by @entity98 assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay. We discovered the cell lines transfected with @entity36119  -3p ASO (antisense oligonucleotide) had retarded proliferation and invasion but enhanced apoptosis ability. We searched on-line tool Targetscan and selected @entity29726 ( @entity71403 ) as a putative target. Luciferase reporter was employed to confirm the binding sites in 3'UTR region of @entity67396 for @entity36119  -3p. The correlation between expression of @entity67396 and @entity36119  -3p was determined by western blotting and qRT-PCR both in cell lines and @entity1 samples. Results showed @entity67396 was a direct target of @entity36119  -3p and expression levels of @entity67396 and @entity36119  -3p were negatively correlated. Finally, @entity67396 largely abrogated the effects of @entity36119  -3p on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of @entity11 cells in rescue experiments, which verified the role of @entity67396 in @entity36119  -3p regulating @entity11 biological behavior. In conclusion, our data suggest the expression level of @entity36119  -3p is positively related to @entity11 grade and downregulation of @entity36119  -3p affects proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of @entity11 cells by targeting @entity67396 . We identified @entity36119  -3p as a putative therapeutic target and @entity67396 as a potential @entity5 suppressor.

title: Downregulation of miR-95-3p inhibits proliferation, and invasion promoting apoptosis of XXXX cells by targeting @entity67396 .

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The initial treatment of @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ) has generally been limited to serotonergic agents, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), or a combination of the two. These findings were supported by the POTS study for @entity3119 in @entity1 and adolescents. However, treatment with serotonergic agents or CBT can take several weeks before benefit is seen; severe cases of @entity3119 may require more immediate treatment. CASE REPORT: The authors present a case of severe @entity3119 in an adolescent that required immediate treatment due to her critical medical condition. The @entity1 's symptoms included not eating or taking medications or fluids by mouth due to fears of contamination. A medical hospitalization was previously required due to @entity2700 . As treatment with an SSRI would not have quick enough onset and the @entity1 was initially resistant to participating in CBT, the @entity1 was psychiatrically hospitalized and first started on liquid @entity1090 . After several doses of @entity1090 , the @entity1 was able to participate in CBT and start @entity3756 . DISCUSSION: The authors discuss the differential diagnosis of such a @entity1 , including the continuum of @entity3119 symptoms and @entity716 . The authors discuss the different treatment options, including the utilization of inpatient @entity146 hospitalization. The authors discuss the potential risks and benefits of using atypical antipsychotics in lieu of @entity1245 for the initial treatment of severe adolescent @entity3119 . The authors also discuss other current treatment recommendations and rationale for the treatment that was pursued. CONCLUSIONS: This @entity1 received benefit of her symptoms relatively quickly with @entity146 hospitalization and an atypical antipsychotic. The diagnosis of a @entity914 should be considered. These treatment options must be weighed against the risks of atypical antipsychotics, including @entity21 , @entity1017 , and @entity209 ; @entity1245 also have their risks and benefits. Additionally, the cost of time and finances of inpatient hospitalization must be considered. More research is needed regarding the short- and long-term efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in the treatment of @entity3119 in the @entity1 and adolescent population.

title: A case of severe adolescent XXXX treated with inpatient hospitalization, @entity1090 and @entity3756 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorder']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['sertraline']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['extrapyramidal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'OCD']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity3119 :: (MESH:D009771,Disease) :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The initial treatment of @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ) has generally been limited to serotonergic agents, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), or a combination of the two. These findings were supported by the POTS study for @entity3119 in @entity1 and adolescents. However, treatment with serotonergic agents or CBT can take several weeks before benefit is seen; severe cases of @entity3119 may require more immediate treatment. CASE REPORT: The authors present a case of severe @entity3119 in an adolescent that required immediate treatment due to her critical medical condition. The @entity1 's symptoms included not eating or taking medications or fluids by mouth due to fears of contamination. A medical hospitalization was previously required due to @entity2700 . As treatment with an SSRI would not have quick enough onset and the @entity1 was initially resistant to participating in CBT, the @entity1 was psychiatrically hospitalized and first started on liquid @entity1090 . After several doses of @entity1090 , the @entity1 was able to participate in CBT and start @entity3756 . DISCUSSION: The authors discuss the differential diagnosis of such a @entity1 , including the continuum of @entity3119 symptoms and @entity716 . The authors discuss the different treatment options, including the utilization of inpatient @entity146 hospitalization. The authors discuss the potential risks and benefits of using atypical antipsychotics in lieu of @entity1245 for the initial treatment of severe adolescent @entity3119 . The authors also discuss other current treatment recommendations and rationale for the treatment that was pursued. CONCLUSIONS: This @entity1 received benefit of her symptoms relatively quickly with @entity146 hospitalization and an atypical antipsychotic. The diagnosis of a @entity914 should be considered. These treatment options must be weighed against the risks of atypical antipsychotics, including @entity21 , @entity1017 , and @entity209 ; @entity1245 also have their risks and benefits. Additionally, the cost of time and finances of inpatient hospitalization must be considered. More research is needed regarding the short- and long-term efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in the treatment of @entity3119 in the @entity1 and adolescent population.

title: A case of severe adolescent @entity3119 treated with inpatient hospitalization, @entity1090 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3756 :: (MESH:D020280,Chemical) :: ['sertraline']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The initial treatment of @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ) has generally been limited to serotonergic agents, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), or a combination of the two. These findings were supported by the POTS study for @entity3119 in @entity1 and adolescents. However, treatment with serotonergic agents or CBT can take several weeks before benefit is seen; severe cases of @entity3119 may require more immediate treatment. CASE REPORT: The authors present a case of severe @entity3119 in an adolescent that required immediate treatment due to her critical medical condition. The @entity1 's symptoms included not eating or taking medications or fluids by mouth due to fears of contamination. A medical hospitalization was previously required due to @entity2700 . As treatment with an SSRI would not have quick enough onset and the @entity1 was initially resistant to participating in CBT, the @entity1 was psychiatrically hospitalized and first started on liquid @entity1090 . After several doses of @entity1090 , the @entity1 was able to participate in CBT and start @entity3756 . DISCUSSION: The authors discuss the differential diagnosis of such a @entity1 , including the continuum of @entity3119 symptoms and @entity716 . The authors discuss the different treatment options, including the utilization of inpatient @entity146 hospitalization. The authors discuss the potential risks and benefits of using atypical antipsychotics in lieu of @entity1245 for the initial treatment of severe adolescent @entity3119 . The authors also discuss other current treatment recommendations and rationale for the treatment that was pursued. CONCLUSIONS: This @entity1 received benefit of her symptoms relatively quickly with @entity146 hospitalization and an atypical antipsychotic. The diagnosis of a @entity914 should be considered. These treatment options must be weighed against the risks of atypical antipsychotics, including @entity21 , @entity1017 , and @entity209 ; @entity1245 also have their risks and benefits. Additionally, the cost of time and finances of inpatient hospitalization must be considered. More research is needed regarding the short- and long-term efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in the treatment of @entity3119 in the @entity1 and adolescent population.

title: A case of severe adolescent @entity3119 treated with inpatient hospitalization, XXXX and @entity3756 .

answer: @entity1090 :: (MESH:D018967,Chemical) :: ['risperidone']


abstract: Seventy @entity1 homozygous for Hb S (SS) and their 111 heterozygous ( @entity5427 ) parents were evaluated through their erythrocytic indices, hemoglobin composition, and occasionally through in vitro Hb chain synthesis values. Three groups of SS @entity1 and of @entity5427 parents were identified based on differences in degree of microcytosis (MCV) and (degree of hypochromia ( @entity27127 ) values. The level of Hb S in the Hb S heterozygotes showed a trimodal distribution. Five SS @entity1 had an @entity7723 homozygosity (alpha(0) alpha/alpha(0) alpha; beta(s)/beta(s) which was characterized by a distinct microcytosis and hypochromia (MCV), less than or equal to 70 fl; @entity27127 , less than or equal to 22 pp). Nine SS @entity1 had an @entity7723 heterozygosity (alpha(0)/alpha/alpha alpha; beta(s)/beta(s)) with an MCV value of 71 to 78 fl, and an @entity27127 value of 21.3 to 26.5 pg. Four @entity5427 parents had an @entity7723 homozygosity with values of MCV less than or equal to 71 fl and @entity27127 less than or equal to 23.5. The level of Hb S was less than 31%. Thirty-nine @entity5427 parents had an @entity7723 heterozygosity characterized by an MCV value of 72 to 79 fl, an @entity27127 value of 23.6 to 26.5, and a level of Hb S ranging between 31.0 and 36.8%. The Hb A2 level in SS @entity1 was significantly correlated with the RBC counts and the MCV and @entity27127 (r = 0.38, -0.52, and -0.47, respectively). Significant correlations in @entity5427 parents were also noted between the MCV, @entity27127 , RBC, and Hb S percentages (r = 0.62, 0.68, and -0.49, respectively). Although the data are limited, the simultaneous occurrence of an alpha-thal-2 homozygosity seems to decrease the level of Hb F in @entity3458 . The presence of an alpha-thal-2 heterozygosity or homozygosity together with an SS or @entity5427 condition resulted in identifiable hematologic phenotypes.

title: @entity7723 and the variability of hematological values in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7723 :: ('MESH:D017085', 'Disease') :: ['alpha-thalassemia', 'alpha-thalassemia-2']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell anemia']

answer: @entity3458 :: (MESH:D000755,Disease) :: ['sickle cell anemia']


abstract: Seventy @entity1 homozygous for Hb S (SS) and their 111 heterozygous ( @entity5427 ) parents were evaluated through their erythrocytic indices, hemoglobin composition, and occasionally through in vitro Hb chain synthesis values. Three groups of SS @entity1 and of @entity5427 parents were identified based on differences in degree of microcytosis (MCV) and (degree of hypochromia ( @entity27127 ) values. The level of Hb S in the Hb S heterozygotes showed a trimodal distribution. Five SS @entity1 had an @entity7723 homozygosity (alpha(0) alpha/alpha(0) alpha; beta(s)/beta(s) which was characterized by a distinct microcytosis and hypochromia (MCV), less than or equal to 70 fl; @entity27127 , less than or equal to 22 pp). Nine SS @entity1 had an @entity7723 heterozygosity (alpha(0)/alpha/alpha alpha; beta(s)/beta(s)) with an MCV value of 71 to 78 fl, and an @entity27127 value of 21.3 to 26.5 pg. Four @entity5427 parents had an @entity7723 homozygosity with values of MCV less than or equal to 71 fl and @entity27127 less than or equal to 23.5. The level of Hb S was less than 31%. Thirty-nine @entity5427 parents had an @entity7723 heterozygosity characterized by an MCV value of 72 to 79 fl, an @entity27127 value of 23.6 to 26.5, and a level of Hb S ranging between 31.0 and 36.8%. The Hb A2 level in SS @entity1 was significantly correlated with the RBC counts and the MCV and @entity27127 (r = 0.38, -0.52, and -0.47, respectively). Significant correlations in @entity5427 parents were also noted between the MCV, @entity27127 , RBC, and Hb S percentages (r = 0.62, 0.68, and -0.49, respectively). Although the data are limited, the simultaneous occurrence of an alpha-thal-2 homozygosity seems to decrease the level of Hb F in @entity3458 . The presence of an alpha-thal-2 heterozygosity or homozygosity together with an SS or @entity5427 condition resulted in identifiable hematologic phenotypes.

title: XXXX and the variability of hematological values in @entity1 with @entity3458 .

answer: @entity7723 :: (MESH:D017085,Disease) :: ['alpha-thalassemia-2']


abstract: Seventy @entity1 homozygous for Hb S (SS) and their 111 heterozygous ( @entity5427 ) parents were evaluated through their erythrocytic indices, hemoglobin composition, and occasionally through in vitro Hb chain synthesis values. Three groups of SS @entity1 and of @entity5427 parents were identified based on differences in degree of microcytosis (MCV) and (degree of hypochromia ( @entity27127 ) values. The level of Hb S in the Hb S heterozygotes showed a trimodal distribution. Five SS @entity1 had an @entity7723 homozygosity (alpha(0) alpha/alpha(0) alpha; beta(s)/beta(s) which was characterized by a distinct microcytosis and hypochromia (MCV), less than or equal to 70 fl; @entity27127 , less than or equal to 22 pp). Nine SS @entity1 had an @entity7723 heterozygosity (alpha(0)/alpha/alpha alpha; beta(s)/beta(s)) with an MCV value of 71 to 78 fl, and an @entity27127 value of 21.3 to 26.5 pg. Four @entity5427 parents had an @entity7723 homozygosity with values of MCV less than or equal to 71 fl and @entity27127 less than or equal to 23.5. The level of Hb S was less than 31%. Thirty-nine @entity5427 parents had an @entity7723 heterozygosity characterized by an MCV value of 72 to 79 fl, an @entity27127 value of 23.6 to 26.5, and a level of Hb S ranging between 31.0 and 36.8%. The Hb A2 level in SS @entity1 was significantly correlated with the RBC counts and the MCV and @entity27127 (r = 0.38, -0.52, and -0.47, respectively). Significant correlations in @entity5427 parents were also noted between the MCV, @entity27127 , RBC, and Hb S percentages (r = 0.62, 0.68, and -0.49, respectively). Although the data are limited, the simultaneous occurrence of an alpha-thal-2 homozygosity seems to decrease the level of Hb F in @entity3458 . The presence of an alpha-thal-2 heterozygosity or homozygosity together with an SS or @entity5427 condition resulted in identifiable hematologic phenotypes.

title: @entity7723 and the variability of hematological values in XXXX with @entity3458 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Some @entity191 ( @entity191 ) @entity1 treated with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation ( @entity9221 -DBS) develop new-onset @entity73 . We examined whether clinical EEG recordings can be used to predict @entity73 in @entity191 @entity1 undergoing @entity9221 -DBS. In this retrospective study, we used the Grand Total EEG (GTE)-score (short and total) to evaluate pre- and postoperative EEGs. In @entity191 @entity1 undergoing @entity9221 -DBS (N  =  30), cognitive functioning was measured using Mini-Mental State Test and DemTect before and after surgery. Severity of motor impairment was assessed using the Unified @entity191 Rating Scale-III. @entity1 were classified into @entity1 with or without @entity73 after @entity9221 -DBS surgery. Epidemiological data, pre- and postoperative EEG recordings as well as neuropsychological and neurological data, electrode positions and the third ventricle width were compared. A logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of @entity73 . Motor deficits significantly improved from pre- to post-surgery, while the mean GTE-scores increased significantly. Six @entity1 developed @entity73 4-12  months postoperatively. These @entity1 had significantly higher preoperative GTE-scores than @entity1 without @entity73 , although preoperative cognitive functioning was comparable. Electrode positions, @entity1010 and neurological data did not differ between groups. Logistic regression analysis identified the GTE-score as a significant predictor of postoperative @entity73 . Data suggest that the preoperative GTE-score can be used to identify @entity191 @entity1 that are at high risk for developing @entity73 after @entity9221 -DBS surgery even though their preoperative cognitive state was normal.

title: Deep brain stimulation and @entity73 in XXXX : The predictive value of electroencephalography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline', 'cognitive deterioration']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's Disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Some @entity191 ( @entity191 ) @entity1 treated with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation ( @entity9221 -DBS) develop new-onset @entity73 . We examined whether clinical EEG recordings can be used to predict @entity73 in @entity191 @entity1 undergoing @entity9221 -DBS. In this retrospective study, we used the Grand Total EEG (GTE)-score (short and total) to evaluate pre- and postoperative EEGs. In @entity191 @entity1 undergoing @entity9221 -DBS (N  =  30), cognitive functioning was measured using Mini-Mental State Test and DemTect before and after surgery. Severity of motor impairment was assessed using the Unified @entity191 Rating Scale-III. @entity1 were classified into @entity1 with or without @entity73 after @entity9221 -DBS surgery. Epidemiological data, pre- and postoperative EEG recordings as well as neuropsychological and neurological data, electrode positions and the third ventricle width were compared. A logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of @entity73 . Motor deficits significantly improved from pre- to post-surgery, while the mean GTE-scores increased significantly. Six @entity1 developed @entity73 4-12  months postoperatively. These @entity1 had significantly higher preoperative GTE-scores than @entity1 without @entity73 , although preoperative cognitive functioning was comparable. Electrode positions, @entity1010 and neurological data did not differ between groups. Logistic regression analysis identified the GTE-score as a significant predictor of postoperative @entity73 . Data suggest that the preoperative GTE-score can be used to identify @entity191 @entity1 that are at high risk for developing @entity73 after @entity9221 -DBS surgery even though their preoperative cognitive state was normal.

title: Deep brain stimulation and XXXX in @entity191 : The predictive value of electroencephalography.

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive decline']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Shivering frequency scales predictably with body mass and is 10 times higher in a @entity19 than a moose. The link between shivering frequency and body mass may lie in the tuning of muscle elastic properties. @entity22405 functions as a muscle 'spring', so shivering frequency may be linked to @entity22405 's structure. The @entity3986 with @entity5442 (mdm) @entity19 is characterized by a deletion in @entity22405 's N2A region. @entity19 that are homozygous for the mdm mutation have a lower body mass, stiffer gait and reduced lifespan compared with their wild-type and heterozygous siblings. We characterized thermoregulation in these @entity19 by measuring metabolic rate and @entity400 frequency during shivering. Mutants were heterothermic at ambient temperatures of 20-37  C while wild-type and heterozygous @entity19 were homeothermic. Metabolic rate increased at smaller temperature differentials (i.e. the difference between body and ambient temperatures) in mutants than in non-mutants. The difference between observed @entity400 frequencies and shivering frequencies predicted by body mass was significantly larger for mutant @entity19 than for wild-type or heterozygous @entity19 , even after accounting for differences in body temperature. Together, the heterothermy in mutants, the increase in metabolic rate at low temperature differentials and the decreased @entity400 frequency demonstrate the thermoregulatory challenges faced by @entity19 with the mdm mutation. Oscillatory frequency is proportional to the square root of stiffness, and we observed that mutants had lower active muscle stiffness in vitro. The lower @entity400 frequencies in mutants are consistent with reduced active muscle stiffness and suggest that @entity22405 affects the tuning of shivering frequency.

title: Shiver me XXXX ! Elucidating @entity22405 's role in shivering thermogenesis.

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['muscular dystrophy']

answer: @entity22405 :: (22138(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['titin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Shivering frequency scales predictably with body mass and is 10 times higher in a @entity19 than a moose. The link between shivering frequency and body mass may lie in the tuning of muscle elastic properties. @entity22405 functions as a muscle 'spring', so shivering frequency may be linked to @entity22405 's structure. The @entity3986 with @entity5442 (mdm) @entity19 is characterized by a deletion in @entity22405 's N2A region. @entity19 that are homozygous for the mdm mutation have a lower body mass, stiffer gait and reduced lifespan compared with their wild-type and heterozygous siblings. We characterized thermoregulation in these @entity19 by measuring metabolic rate and @entity400 frequency during shivering. Mutants were heterothermic at ambient temperatures of 20-37  C while wild-type and heterozygous @entity19 were homeothermic. Metabolic rate increased at smaller temperature differentials (i.e. the difference between body and ambient temperatures) in mutants than in non-mutants. The difference between observed @entity400 frequencies and shivering frequencies predicted by body mass was significantly larger for mutant @entity19 than for wild-type or heterozygous @entity19 , even after accounting for differences in body temperature. Together, the heterothermy in mutants, the increase in metabolic rate at low temperature differentials and the decreased @entity400 frequency demonstrate the thermoregulatory challenges faced by @entity19 with the mdm mutation. Oscillatory frequency is proportional to the square root of stiffness, and we observed that mutants had lower active muscle stiffness in vitro. The lower @entity400 frequencies in mutants are consistent with reduced active muscle stiffness and suggest that @entity22405 affects the tuning of shivering frequency.

title: Shiver me @entity22405 ! Elucidating XXXX 's role in shivering thermogenesis.

answer: @entity22405 :: (22138(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['titin']