abstract: UNASSIGNED: EEG-fMRI is an established technique to allow mapping BOLD changes in response to interictal discharges recorded in the EEG of @entity302 @entity1 . Traditional fMRI experiments rely on an @entity2996 ( @entity2996 ) sequence with a time resolution given by its time-to-repetition (TR) of ~2s. Recently, multiple fast fMRI sequences have been developed to get around the limited temporal resolution of the @entity2996 sequence, and achieved a TR in the 100ms range or lower. One such sequence is called Magnetic Resonance EncephaloGraphy (MREG). Its high temporal resolution should offer increased detection sensitivity and statistical power in the context of @entity302 studies and in fMRI experiments in general. The aim of this work was to investigate the advantages and disadvantages offered by MREG. This was done by superimposing artificial event-related BOLD responses on @entity2996 and MREG background signals, from 5 @entity302 @entity1 , that were free of @entity302 discharges (spikes) on simultaneously recorded EEG. These functional datasets simulated different spiking rates and hemodynamic response amplitudes, and were analyzed with the commonly used @entity3628 ( @entity3628 ) with the canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF) as a fixed model of the response. Robustness to violation of the assumptions of the @entity3628 was additionally assessed with similar simulations using variable spike-to-spike response amplitudes and 8 non-canonical HRFs. Consistent with previous work, MREG yields higher maximum statistical t-values than @entity2996 , but our simulations showed these statistics to be inflated, as the false positive rate at a standard threshold was high. At thresholds set to appropriately control specificity, @entity2996 showed better true positive rate and larger cluster size than MREG. However, the lack of an appropriate calibration of the amplitude of the responses across the sequences precludes definitive judgment on their relative sensitivity. In addition, we show that a mismatch between the assumed and actual HRF impairs more MREG detection performance, but that @entity2996 is more affected by non-modeled spike-to-spike variations of response amplitude. Filtering-out physiological noise, which is not aliased at the fast sampling rate of MREG, and the modeling of temporal autocorrelation are advantageous in increasing the detection power of MREG. This simulation study 1) warrants care when interpreting statistical t-values from fast fMRI sequences, 2) proposes thresholds for valid inferences and processing methods for maximal sensitivities, and 3) demonstrates the relative robustness/susceptibility of MREG and @entity2996 to violation of the @entity3628 's assumptions.

title: Advantages and disadvantages of a fast fMRI sequence in the context of EEG-fMRI investigation of XXXX @entity1 : A realistic simulation study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity3628 :: ('MESH:D004195', 'Disease') :: ['GLM', 'General Linear Model']

entities_list: @entity2996 :: ('MESH:C564543', 'Disease') :: ['echo planar imaging', 'EPI']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: EEG-fMRI is an established technique to allow mapping BOLD changes in response to interictal discharges recorded in the EEG of @entity302 @entity1 . Traditional fMRI experiments rely on an @entity2996 ( @entity2996 ) sequence with a time resolution given by its time-to-repetition (TR) of ~2s. Recently, multiple fast fMRI sequences have been developed to get around the limited temporal resolution of the @entity2996 sequence, and achieved a TR in the 100ms range or lower. One such sequence is called Magnetic Resonance EncephaloGraphy (MREG). Its high temporal resolution should offer increased detection sensitivity and statistical power in the context of @entity302 studies and in fMRI experiments in general. The aim of this work was to investigate the advantages and disadvantages offered by MREG. This was done by superimposing artificial event-related BOLD responses on @entity2996 and MREG background signals, from 5 @entity302 @entity1 , that were free of @entity302 discharges (spikes) on simultaneously recorded EEG. These functional datasets simulated different spiking rates and hemodynamic response amplitudes, and were analyzed with the commonly used @entity3628 ( @entity3628 ) with the canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF) as a fixed model of the response. Robustness to violation of the assumptions of the @entity3628 was additionally assessed with similar simulations using variable spike-to-spike response amplitudes and 8 non-canonical HRFs. Consistent with previous work, MREG yields higher maximum statistical t-values than @entity2996 , but our simulations showed these statistics to be inflated, as the false positive rate at a standard threshold was high. At thresholds set to appropriately control specificity, @entity2996 showed better true positive rate and larger cluster size than MREG. However, the lack of an appropriate calibration of the amplitude of the responses across the sequences precludes definitive judgment on their relative sensitivity. In addition, we show that a mismatch between the assumed and actual HRF impairs more MREG detection performance, but that @entity2996 is more affected by non-modeled spike-to-spike variations of response amplitude. Filtering-out physiological noise, which is not aliased at the fast sampling rate of MREG, and the modeling of temporal autocorrelation are advantageous in increasing the detection power of MREG. This simulation study 1) warrants care when interpreting statistical t-values from fast fMRI sequences, 2) proposes thresholds for valid inferences and processing methods for maximal sensitivities, and 3) demonstrates the relative robustness/susceptibility of MREG and @entity2996 to violation of the @entity3628 's assumptions.

title: Advantages and disadvantages of a fast fMRI sequence in the context of EEG-fMRI investigation of @entity302 XXXX : A realistic simulation study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity438 ( @entity438 ) are regularly treated by both microsurgical clipping and endovascular coiling. We performed a systematic meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of these two methods. METHODS: Literature was reviewed for all studies reporting @entity432 and/or functional outcomes in adults with unruptured @entity438 treated by endovascular coiling or microsurgical clipping. All studies that reported results for adults (>=  18 years) with unruptured @entity438 , from 1990-2011 in English were considered for inclusion. RESULTS: Twenty-six studies involving 2295 @entity439 undergoing clipping or coiling for @entity439 were included for analysis. There were 1530 @entity439 which were treated with clipping, and 765 @entity439 treated with coiling. Pooled analysis revealed failure of @entity439 in 3.0% (1.2-7.4% 95% CI) of clipped cases. Pooled analysis of 15 studies (606 @entity439 ) involving coiling and occlusion revealed lack of occlusion rates of 47.7% (43.6-51.8% 95% CI) with the fixed-effects model and 48.2% (39.0-57.4% 95% CI) with the random-effects model. Thirteen studies examined neurological outcomes after clipping and were pooled for analysis. Both fixed- and random-effect models revealed unfavourable outcomes in 2.1% (1.3-3.3% 95% CI) of @entity1 . There were 17 studies evaluating potential unfavourable neurological outcomes after coiling that were pooled for analysis. Fixed- and random-effect models revealed unfavourable outcomes in 6.5% (4.5-9.3% 95% CI) and 4.9% (3.0-8.1% 95% CI) of @entity1 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Based upon this systematic review and meta-analysis of unruptured @entity438 , after careful consideration of @entity1 , aneurysmal, and treatment center factors, we recommend surgical clipping for unruptured @entity438 .

title: Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Endovascular Coiling Versus Microsurgical Clipping for Unruptured Middle Cerebral XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['angiographic occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysmal occlusion', 'unruptured MCA aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['Middle cerebral artery aneurysms', 'MCAA']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Artery Aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided injections around the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) at different levels in @entity64296 ( @entity64296 ) @entity1 . METHODS: The study was approved by the university ethics committee and informed oral and written consent were obtained from all @entity1 . Between June 2008 and August 2013, 20 @entity1 with symptoms of @entity64296 , including nine @entity1 (mean age, 61.33 years) and 11 @entity1 (mean age 61.18 years), were treated with US-guided injection of @entity230 along the LFCN at three different levels in a mean of 2.25 sessions. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure symptoms before, immediately after and 12 months after treatment. RESULTS: Complete resolution of symptoms was documented in 15/20 @entity1 (mean VAS decreased from 82 to 0), and partial resolution in the remaining five (mean VAS decreased from 92 to 42), which was confirmed at 12-month follow-up. By using the different levels of injection approach overall significantly better symptom relief was obtained (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSION: The outcome of US-guided injection along the LFCN can be further improved by injections at different levels (p   <   0.05), which was confirmed at 12-month long-term follow-up. KEY POINTS: @entity19140 paraesthetica is an @entity16 of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. Ultrasound proved effective in diagnosis and in guiding injection therapy. Injection at the anterior superior iliac spine has been used previously. Multiple injections along the nerve course were used in this study. Long-term follow-up (12 months) confirmed the results.

title: XXXX paraesthetica: Ultrasound-guided injection at multiple levels with 12-month follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64296 :: ('MESH:C563590', 'Disease') :: ['MP', 'meralgia paraesthetica']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['entrapment neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity19140 :: (MESH:C537458,Disease) :: ['Meralgia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity459 ( @entity459 ) is currently the most common @entity4903 in Czech Republic after @entity6 and @entity1374 particularly in postmenopausal @entity1 . Over the past 40 years @entity459 has changed from a rare severe @entity8 with @entity101 , @entity10189 , @entity788 , easy @entity1295 and proximal @entity425 . During 43 years we have examined one of the greatest groups of @entity1 with @entity459 . In the early 1970 the estimated incidence of @entity459 in former Czechoslovakia was approximately 8 cases per 100 000 @entity1 per year. Our data showed that the incidence of @entity459 increased sharply to 24 cases per 100 000 @entity1 per year in same community with the introduction of automated serum @entity460 and iPTH measurement. The disease is four times more frequent in @entity1 as in @entity1 . The ratio @entity1 to @entity1 did not changed since 1981. However the incidence of @entity459 changed in Czech Republic from previous years, it develops around the fifth decade of life and is increasingly discovered with advancing age. The incidence of @entity101 , @entity6 , @entity2963 , @entity788 and @entity10189 among @entity1 with @entity459 is higher as compared with the incidence of these diseases in the general population. However there are still @entity1 suffering from bone and renal complication of @entity459 . Removing the @entity652 by an experienced surgeon is the first choice of treatment of @entity1 with @entity459 . The study offers valuable data on the actual state of @entity2742 @entity1 in the Czech Republic.

title: Changes in the Pattern of XXXX in Czech Republic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'man', 'persons', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['Primary hyperparathyroidism', 'PHPT']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['disease of the bones and kidneys to common disease']

entities_list: @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroid']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['endocrine disorder']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid diseases']

answer: @entity459 :: (MESH:D049950,Disease) :: ['Primary Hyperparathyroidism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to discuss the macroscopic and microscopic properties of gallbladder specimens obtained from living liver donors. METHODS: The study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and histopathological data of 1088 donors who underwent living donor hepatectomy between March 2005 and September 2014  at Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Liver Transplantation Center. Age, sex, macroscopic, and microscopic properties of the gallbladder (bladder length, diameter, content, and histopathological properties) were recorded by 2 researchers. RESULTS: A total of 1009 donors aged 17 to 66 years (31.1    9.5) met the inclusion criteria, whereas 79 donors were excluded due to missing data. In total, 587 donors were male (30.5    9.1 years [16-63 years]) and 422 were female (31.8    9.8 years [18-66 years]). Preoperative tests revealed @entity9528 in 3 subjects, whereas other donors' biochemical tests were within normal ranges. The macroscopic examination of gallbladders revealed mean gallbladder wall thickness, length, and width of 1.82    0.8  mm (1-10  mm), 72    11.4  mm (40-120  mm), and 52.5    14  mm (15-90  mm), respectively. The microscopic gallbladder examination showed that 740 donors had a normal gallbladder, 193 had @entity2679 (1 donor had antral metaplasia and 1 had @entity1944 ), 40 had cholesterolosis (1 donor had both @entity652 and @entity1944 ), 15 had minimal @entity2679 (1 donor had pyloric metaplasia), 14 had @entity2963 , 2 had @entity1870 , 2 had muscular @entity1184 , 1 had @entity1377 , 1 had microdiverticulitis, and 1 had @entity33 . CONCLUSION: The results of this study reflect the actual gallbladder pathologies that can be detected in healthy @entity1 . Clearer conclusions can be reached about the epidemiological data on gallbladder as the number of living liver donors increases in the future.

title: Histopathologic Findings of Cholecystectomy Specimens in XXXX Who Underwent Donor Hepatectomy for Living Donor Liver Transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1870 :: ('MESH:D062788', 'Disease') :: ['adenomyosis']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal lymphatic ectasia']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['chronic cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['tubular adenoma']

entities_list: @entity9528 :: ('MESH:D005878', 'Disease') :: ['Gilbert syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: QUESTION: In @entity1 after @entity64 , does virtual reality based rehabilitation (VRBR) improve walking speed, balance and mobility more than the same duration of standard rehabilitation? In @entity1 after @entity64 , does adding extra VRBR to standard rehabilitation improve the effects on gait, balance and mobility? DESIGN: Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised trials. @entity1 : Adults with a clinical diagnosis of @entity64 . INTERVENTION: Eligible trials had to include one these comparisons: VRBR replacing some or all of standard rehabilitation or VRBR used as extra rehabilitation time added to a standard rehabilitation regimen. OUTCOME MEASURES: Walking speed, balance, mobility and adverse events. RESULTS: In total, 15 trials involving 341 @entity1 were included. When VRBR replaced some or all of the standard rehabilitation, there were statistically significant benefits in walking speed ( @entity601 0.15 m/s, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.19), balance ( @entity601 2.1 points on the Berg Balance Scale, 95% CI 1.8 to 2.5) and mobility ( @entity601 2.3 seconds on the Timed Up and Go test, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.4). When VRBR was added to standard rehabilitation, mobility showed a significant benefit (0.7 seconds on the Timed Up and Go test, 95% CI 0.4 to 1.1), but insufficient evidence was found to comment about walking speed (one trial) and balance (high heterogeneity). CONCLUSION: Substituting some or all of a standard rehabilitation regimen with VRBR elicits greater benefits in walking speed, balance and mobility in @entity1 with @entity64 . Although the benefits are small, the extra cost of applying virtual reality to standard rehabilitation is also small, especially when spread over many @entity1 in a clinic. Adding extra VRBR time to standard rehabilitation also has some benefits; further research is needed to determine if these benefits are clinically worthwhile. [Corbetta D, Imeri F, Gatti R (2015) Rehabilitation that incorporates virtual reality is more effective than standard rehabilitation for improving walking speed, balance and mobility after @entity64 : a systematic review.Journal of PhysiotherapyXX: XX-XX].

title: Rehabilitation that incorporates virtual reality is more effective than standard rehabilitation for improving walking speed, balance and mobility after XXXX : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6817 reduce mortality after @entity583 , but up to half of @entity1 discontinue statin use within 1 year of therapy initiation. Although cost may influence medication adherence, it is unknown whether use of generic versus brand @entity6817 influences adherence. METHODS AND RESULTS: We linked detailed inhospital clinical data for 1421 non-ST-segment elevation @entity583 @entity1 discharged on a statin in 2006 to Medicare Part D medication claims records to examine postdischarge medication use. One-year statin adherence was defined using the proportion of days covered with optimal adherence >= 80%. We examined the association of brand versus generic statin prescription and 1-year adherence after adjusting for demographics, clinical factors, predischarge lipid values, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. Overall, 65.5% of statin fills were for brand-name @entity6817 . There were few baseline differences in demographics and clinical factors among generic versus brand users. @entity1 copay amounts were higher for brand versus generic @entity6817 (median =  25 vs  5, P < .001), yet the mean proportion of days covered over 1 year was similar (71.5% vs 68.9%; P = .97; unadjusted odds ratio 1.15 [95% CI 0.96-1.37]). Proportion of days covered >= 80% was low for both generic (56.2%) and brand @entity6817 (55.9%; P = .93). Statin adherence rates remained similar between generic and brand users after adjusting for demographics, clinical risk factors, lipid value, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of older non-ST-segment elevation @entity583 @entity1 , we found no evidence that use of generic versus brand drug was associated with higher adherence to @entity6817 at 1 year after hospital discharge.

title: @entity1 adherence to generic versus brand statin therapy after XXXX : Insights from the Can Rapid Stratification of Unstable Angina @entity1 Suppress Adverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity6817 :: ('D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['Statins', 'statins']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6817 reduce mortality after @entity583 , but up to half of @entity1 discontinue statin use within 1 year of therapy initiation. Although cost may influence medication adherence, it is unknown whether use of generic versus brand @entity6817 influences adherence. METHODS AND RESULTS: We linked detailed inhospital clinical data for 1421 non-ST-segment elevation @entity583 @entity1 discharged on a statin in 2006 to Medicare Part D medication claims records to examine postdischarge medication use. One-year statin adherence was defined using the proportion of days covered with optimal adherence >= 80%. We examined the association of brand versus generic statin prescription and 1-year adherence after adjusting for demographics, clinical factors, predischarge lipid values, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. Overall, 65.5% of statin fills were for brand-name @entity6817 . There were few baseline differences in demographics and clinical factors among generic versus brand users. @entity1 copay amounts were higher for brand versus generic @entity6817 (median =  25 vs  5, P < .001), yet the mean proportion of days covered over 1 year was similar (71.5% vs 68.9%; P = .97; unadjusted odds ratio 1.15 [95% CI 0.96-1.37]). Proportion of days covered >= 80% was low for both generic (56.2%) and brand @entity6817 (55.9%; P = .93). Statin adherence rates remained similar between generic and brand users after adjusting for demographics, clinical risk factors, lipid value, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of older non-ST-segment elevation @entity583 @entity1 , we found no evidence that use of generic versus brand drug was associated with higher adherence to @entity6817 at 1 year after hospital discharge.

title: XXXX adherence to generic versus brand statin therapy after @entity583 : Insights from the Can Rapid Stratification of Unstable Angina @entity1 Suppress Adverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines Registry.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6817 reduce mortality after @entity583 , but up to half of @entity1 discontinue statin use within 1 year of therapy initiation. Although cost may influence medication adherence, it is unknown whether use of generic versus brand @entity6817 influences adherence. METHODS AND RESULTS: We linked detailed inhospital clinical data for 1421 non-ST-segment elevation @entity583 @entity1 discharged on a statin in 2006 to Medicare Part D medication claims records to examine postdischarge medication use. One-year statin adherence was defined using the proportion of days covered with optimal adherence >= 80%. We examined the association of brand versus generic statin prescription and 1-year adherence after adjusting for demographics, clinical factors, predischarge lipid values, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. Overall, 65.5% of statin fills were for brand-name @entity6817 . There were few baseline differences in demographics and clinical factors among generic versus brand users. @entity1 copay amounts were higher for brand versus generic @entity6817 (median =  25 vs  5, P < .001), yet the mean proportion of days covered over 1 year was similar (71.5% vs 68.9%; P = .97; unadjusted odds ratio 1.15 [95% CI 0.96-1.37]). Proportion of days covered >= 80% was low for both generic (56.2%) and brand @entity6817 (55.9%; P = .93). Statin adherence rates remained similar between generic and brand users after adjusting for demographics, clinical risk factors, lipid value, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of older non-ST-segment elevation @entity583 @entity1 , we found no evidence that use of generic versus brand drug was associated with higher adherence to @entity6817 at 1 year after hospital discharge.

title: @entity1 adherence to generic versus brand statin therapy after @entity583 : Insights from the Can Rapid Stratification of Unstable Angina XXXX Suppress Adverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines Registry.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lack of @entity734 is considered a neurophysiological hallmark of @entity2704 . However, the results of visual evoked potential (VEP) studies have been discrepant, possibly because of different stimulation parameters and lack of blinding. Hence, there is a need for independent confirmation of lack of VEP @entity734 in @entity2704 . In this blinded study we applied 16' checks to supplement our previous findings with 8', 31', 62' and 65' checks. METHODS: VEPs in 41 interictal migraineurs and 30 controls were compared. VEPs were recorded in six blocks of 100 single responses. Linear N70-P100 amplitude change over blocks ( @entity734 slope) was compared with an independent samples Student's t-test. RESULTS: Amplitude decline over blocks was observed in both groups. @entity734 slope was not significantly different between controls (-0.43  0.54 V/block) and migraineurs (-0.29  0.35 V/block) (p=0.33). CONCLUSION: VEP @entity734 with 16' checks did not differ in migraineurs and controls. This is in agreement with previous findings with other stimulation parameters. It is therefore unlikely that use of different stimulation parameters could explain the discrepant results of previous studies. No studies that applied blinding during recording of VEP have found lack of @entity734 in migraineurs. SIGNIFICANCE: Lack of VEP @entity734 cannot be considered a reliable neurophysiological hallmark in @entity2704 .

title: Visual evoked potentials in XXXX : Is the "neurophysiological hallmark" concept still valid?

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['habituation', 'Habituation']

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migraine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose Only a limited number of studies have investigated return to work of sick-listed workers with mental health problems, and more knowledge is needed about the influence of non-disorder-related factors. This study aimed to identify longitudinal associations between demographic, personality, disorder-related and work-related characteristics and sustainable return to work of sick-listed workers with a @entity308 . Methods We used data of a large Dutch cohort study to prospectively study longitudinal associations between biopsychosocial factors and sustainable return to work in 2  years. Associations were studied by means of univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. @entity1 who were sick-listed at baseline and had a lifetime diagnosis of a @entity308 and/or @entity148 were included in this study (N  =  215). Results In 2  years, 51.6  % of the @entity1 returned to work sustainably. Age, household income, extraversion, employment status, skill discretion and job security were significantly (P   <=  0.05) associated with sustainable RTW in 2  years in the univariable analyses. The multivariable analysis revealed significant associations between sustainable return to work and age (OR per 10  years  =  0.67; 95  % CI 0.47-0.95), household income (OR per 100 @entity7634 's a month  =  1.04; 95  % CI 1.00-1.08) and being on sickness benefit versus being (self-)employed (OR 0.39; 95  % CI 0.20-0.77). Conclusions In the long-run not disorder-related factors, but an older age, the absence of a job and a low household income seem to complicate return to work. Policy and research should focus on facilitators and barriers for return to work of workers with these characteristics.

title: Longitudinal Associations Between Biopsychosocial Factors and Sustainable Return to Work of Sick-Listed Workers with a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive or anxiety disorder', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depressive or Anxiety Disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Karydakis flap (K-flap) and excision with healing by secondary intention (EHSI) are currently accepted methods for surgical management of sacrococcygeal @entity66 . This clinical trial study aimed to compare early and late outcomes of these two surgical techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this controlled, prospective, randomized clinical trial, @entity1 diagnosed with sacrococcygeal @entity66 were randomly allocated to two groups. @entity1 in the first group underwent Karydakis procedure, whereas EHSI was the surgical management in the second group. The two techniques were compared based on their overall time of wound healing, return to work, rate of complications, and recurrence. RESULTS: A total of 321 @entity1 including 161 in the K-flap group and 160 in the EHSI group were included in the study. The median follow-up duration was 49  mo. The mean time of wound healing (16.44 versus 80.01  d, P  <  0.001), return to work (14.44 versus 24.19, P  <  0.001), rate of wound complications (18.7% versus 31.2%, P  =  0.006), and recurrence (1.2% versus 7.5%, P  =  0.005) were all significantly lower in the K-flap group. The mean operation time was significantly shorter in the EHSI group (15.87 versus 55.17  min, P  <  0.001). The K-flap group showed significantly higher @entity158 on their first postoperative day and significantly less @entity158 after 1  wk (P  <  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Although both techniques are safe, the K-flap is associated with significantly lower rates of complications and recurrence and significantly shorter time of wound healing and return to work.

title: Karydakis flap versus excision-only technique in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pilonidal disease']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['pilonidal disease']


abstract: The mechanism of gastric mucosal protection by an antiulcer agent, @entity13736 ( @entity13737 ), against @entity1068 -induced injury was investigated. The experiments were conducted with groups of @entity35 with and without intraperitoneal @entity3352 pretreatment. Animals received intragastrically either a dose of @entity13737 (200 mg/kg) or a vehicle, followed 30 min later by 1 ml of absolute @entity1068 . The @entity35 were sacrificed after 30 min and the gastric mucosa was subjected to macroscopic and histologic assessment and the measurements of adherent mucus, its dimension and chemical composition. In the absence of @entity13737 , @entity1068 produced advanced macroscopic @entity39 (greater than 38%) and the extensive @entity39 were visible upon histologic examination. Pretreatment with @entity13737 significantly reduced (p less than 0.001) the extent and depth of mucosal @entity39 caused by @entity1068 , and this protection was not thwarted by @entity3352 . Evaluation of the adherent mucus and its dimension by @entity3737 uptake and inverted microscope technique revealed that @entity13737 was also capable of preventing the untoward effect of @entity3352 on the adherent gastric mucus gel and its thickness. Results of chemical analyses established that in the absence of @entity13737 @entity3352 caused an increase in mucus protein (15%) and a decrease in its covalently bound @entity1718 (67%) and lipids (36%). The decrease in lipids was particularly reflected in the content of phospholipids. @entity3352 , however, had no apparent effect on the composition of gastric mucus elaborated in the presence of @entity13737 . The results suggest that gastric mucosal protective action of @entity13737 is not mediated by endogenous @entity2918 but rather appears to involve the metabolism of mucosal lipids.

title: Protection against alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury by @entity13736 : effect of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity13736 :: ('MESH:C031049', 'Chemical') :: ['geranylgeranylacetone']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'necrotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['Indomethacin', 'indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity3737 :: ('MESH:D000423', 'Chemical') :: ['Alcian blue']

answer: @entity3352 :: (MESH:D007213,Chemical) :: ['indomethacin']


abstract: The mechanism of gastric mucosal protection by an antiulcer agent, @entity13736 ( @entity13737 ), against @entity1068 -induced injury was investigated. The experiments were conducted with groups of @entity35 with and without intraperitoneal @entity3352 pretreatment. Animals received intragastrically either a dose of @entity13737 (200 mg/kg) or a vehicle, followed 30 min later by 1 ml of absolute @entity1068 . The @entity35 were sacrificed after 30 min and the gastric mucosa was subjected to macroscopic and histologic assessment and the measurements of adherent mucus, its dimension and chemical composition. In the absence of @entity13737 , @entity1068 produced advanced macroscopic @entity39 (greater than 38%) and the extensive @entity39 were visible upon histologic examination. Pretreatment with @entity13737 significantly reduced (p less than 0.001) the extent and depth of mucosal @entity39 caused by @entity1068 , and this protection was not thwarted by @entity3352 . Evaluation of the adherent mucus and its dimension by @entity3737 uptake and inverted microscope technique revealed that @entity13737 was also capable of preventing the untoward effect of @entity3352 on the adherent gastric mucus gel and its thickness. Results of chemical analyses established that in the absence of @entity13737 @entity3352 caused an increase in mucus protein (15%) and a decrease in its covalently bound @entity1718 (67%) and lipids (36%). The decrease in lipids was particularly reflected in the content of phospholipids. @entity3352 , however, had no apparent effect on the composition of gastric mucus elaborated in the presence of @entity13737 . The results suggest that gastric mucosal protective action of @entity13737 is not mediated by endogenous @entity2918 but rather appears to involve the metabolism of mucosal lipids.

title: Protection against alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury by XXXX : effect of @entity3352 .

answer: @entity13736 :: (MESH:C031049,Chemical) :: ['geranylgeranylacetone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We explored the association between @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ) and @entity73 in @entity1 with ischemic @entity385 ( @entity385 ). METHODS: A total of 488 @entity385 / @entity385 @entity1 received magnetic resonance imaging. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate global cognitive function and cognitive domains. The association of CMB quantity with cognitive function and the impact of CMB locations (strictly lobar, strictly deep, and mixed regions) on @entity73 were examined in regression models with adjustments for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 113 subjects (23.2%) had >= 1 CMB. Strictly lobar, strictly deep, and mixed @entity1779 were identified in 36, 40, and 37 @entity1 , respectively. The presence of >= 5 @entity1779 or strictly deep @entity1779 was associated with the MoCA total score (p = 0.007 and 0.020, respectively). Of all MoCA domains tested, a lower score in the attention domain was related to the presence of >= 5 @entity1779 (p = 0.014) and strictly deep @entity1779 (p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: @entity1779 were associated with @entity73 in @entity64 / @entity385 @entity1 , especially in the attention domain. This association was mainly driven by @entity1779 in the deep region, underlining the role of hypertensive @entity455 in @entity64 -related @entity73 .

title: Cerebral Microbleeds and Cognitive Function in XXXX or Transient Ischemic Attack @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['CMBs', 'cerebral microbleeds']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['stroke/transient ischemic attack', 'ischemic stroke', 'TIA']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We explored the association between @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ) and @entity73 in @entity1 with ischemic @entity385 ( @entity385 ). METHODS: A total of 488 @entity385 / @entity385 @entity1 received magnetic resonance imaging. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate global cognitive function and cognitive domains. The association of CMB quantity with cognitive function and the impact of CMB locations (strictly lobar, strictly deep, and mixed regions) on @entity73 were examined in regression models with adjustments for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 113 subjects (23.2%) had >= 1 CMB. Strictly lobar, strictly deep, and mixed @entity1779 were identified in 36, 40, and 37 @entity1 , respectively. The presence of >= 5 @entity1779 or strictly deep @entity1779 was associated with the MoCA total score (p = 0.007 and 0.020, respectively). Of all MoCA domains tested, a lower score in the attention domain was related to the presence of >= 5 @entity1779 (p = 0.014) and strictly deep @entity1779 (p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: @entity1779 were associated with @entity73 in @entity64 / @entity385 @entity1 , especially in the attention domain. This association was mainly driven by @entity1779 in the deep region, underlining the role of hypertensive @entity455 in @entity64 -related @entity73 .

title: Cerebral Microbleeds and Cognitive Function in @entity385 or Transient Ischemic Attack XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The transition from no coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) to detectable CAC is important, as even mild CAC is associated with increased cardiovascular events. We sought to characterize the anatomic distribution and burden of newly detectable CAC over 10-year follow-up. METHODS: We evaluated 3112 @entity1 (mean age, 58  years; 64% female) with baseline CAC  = 0 from the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 . @entity1 underwent repeat CAC testing at different time intervals (between 2-10  years after baseline) per the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 protocol. Among @entity1 who developed CAC on a follow-up scan, we used logistic regression and marginal probability modeling to describe the coronary distribution and burden of new CAC by age, sex, and race after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and time to detection. RESULTS: A total of 1125 @entity1 developed detectable CAC during follow-up with a mean time to detection of 6.1    3  years. New CAC was most commonly isolated to 1 vessel (72% of @entity1 ), with the left anterior descending artery (44% of total) most commonly affected followed by the right coronary (12%), left circumflex (10%), and left main (6%). These patterns were similar across age, sex, and race. In multivariate models, residual predictors of multivessel CAC (28% of total) included male sex, African American or Hispanic race, @entity101 , @entity28 , and @entity6 . At the first detection of CAC >0, burden was usually low with median Agatston CAC score of 7.1 and <5% with CAC scores >100. CONCLUSION: New-onset CAC most commonly involves just 1 vessel, occurs in the left anterior descending artery, and has low CAC burden. New CAC can be detected at an early stage when aggressive preventive strategies may provide benefit.

title: Distribution and burden of newly detected coronary artery XXXX : Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The transition from no coronary artery @entity460 (CAC) to detectable CAC is important, as even mild CAC is associated with increased cardiovascular events. We sought to characterize the anatomic distribution and burden of newly detectable CAC over 10-year follow-up. METHODS: We evaluated 3112 @entity1 (mean age, 58  years; 64% female) with baseline CAC  = 0 from the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 . @entity1 underwent repeat CAC testing at different time intervals (between 2-10  years after baseline) per the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity731 protocol. Among @entity1 who developed CAC on a follow-up scan, we used logistic regression and marginal probability modeling to describe the coronary distribution and burden of new CAC by age, sex, and race after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and time to detection. RESULTS: A total of 1125 @entity1 developed detectable CAC during follow-up with a mean time to detection of 6.1    3  years. New CAC was most commonly isolated to 1 vessel (72% of @entity1 ), with the left anterior descending artery (44% of total) most commonly affected followed by the right coronary (12%), left circumflex (10%), and left main (6%). These patterns were similar across age, sex, and race. In multivariate models, residual predictors of multivessel CAC (28% of total) included male sex, African American or Hispanic race, @entity101 , @entity28 , and @entity6 . At the first detection of CAC >0, burden was usually low with median Agatston CAC score of 7.1 and <5% with CAC scores >100. CONCLUSION: New-onset CAC most commonly involves just 1 vessel, occurs in the left anterior descending artery, and has low CAC burden. New CAC can be detected at an early stage when aggressive preventive strategies may provide benefit.

title: Distribution and burden of newly detected coronary artery @entity460 : Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerosis']


abstract: Preovulatory @entity1 oocytes were cooled to 0 degrees C at 1 degree C/min, with or without the cryoprotectant @entity3733 ( @entity3733 ), to assess the effects of cooling on the meiotic spindles and on oocyte structure. Batches of oocytes, cultured for 3-9 h, were held at 0 degrees C for 20 or 60 min and then fixed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) either at 0 or 8 degrees C. Control oocytes were not cooled and were fixed at 22 or 37 degrees C for comparison. TEM revealed that 80% of the oocytes were at metaphase II, while 20% were at metaphase I and most had resumed meiosis recently. Control oocytes had more or less barrel-shaped meiotic spindles composed of microtubules (MT), some associated with chromosomes at kinetochores. Both metaphase I and II spindles were disassembled when cooled and fixed at 0 degrees C, with or without @entity3733 , due to extensive depolymerization of MT. The few MT that survived were found at the poles or were bundled together or were associated with chromosomes. Kinetochores were not prominent. Some oocytes cooled with @entity3733 and fixed at 0 or 8 degrees C showed evidence of MT, but the spindles were still disorganized and were abnormal in structure. Chromosomes tended to clump together or were dislocated in the cortical ooplasm in cooled oocytes, but widespread scattering was not observed. This was particularly evident in the absence of @entity3733 . Elements of the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, mitochondria and the cytosol were also adversely affected in some of the cooled oocytes and their surrounding cumulus cells. The results show that meiotic spindles are very sensitive to simple cooling and that @entity3733 does not provide substantial stabilization of the meiotic spindle even at 0 degrees C. The findings are discussed with reference to recent work on frozen @entity1 and @entity19 oocytes.

title: The effects of cooling XXXX oocytes.

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethyl sulphoxide', 'DMSO']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: We made simultaneous measurements of pulmonary hemodynamics, cardiac output, and @entity4266 ( @entity4266 ) to assess the right ventricular function in 14 @entity1 with @entity120 as a result of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). From these measurements, the right ventricular end-systolic pressure/volume relationship could be calculated and used to assess right ventricular contractility. Eight of the @entity1 were clinically stable, without @entity4 , and 6 presented acutely with gross @entity4 , indicating decompensated @entity3618 . Measurements were made at rest, while breathing air and @entity26 . Although mean pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa) was similar in those with (Ppa = 33 +/- 6 mm Hg) and without @entity4 (Ppa = 30 +/- 8 mm Hg, p greater than 0.05), @entity4266 was lower in @entity4 ( @entity4266 = 0.23 +/- 0.11) compared with non- @entity4 @entity1 ( @entity4266 = 0.47 +/- 0.04, p less than 0.01). Cardiac output was normal in both groups. The mean right ventricular end-systolic pressure/volume ratio (P/V) was lower in those @entity1 with @entity4 (P/V = 0.41 +/- 0.27), as compared with those without @entity4 (P/V = 1.69 +/- 0.35, p less than 0.05), as a result of an increase in right ventricular end-systolic volume index. Similarly, left ventricular end-systolic volumes were higher in @entity4 than in non- @entity4 @entity1 . Breathing 1 to 3 L/min of @entity26 for 30 min decreased total pulmonary vascular resistance (p less than 0.05) in those @entity1 without @entity4 , but not in @entity1 with @entity4 . @entity26 did not change @entity4266 , left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), or the ventricular end-systolic P/V relationships.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The effects of controlled XXXX therapy on ventricular function in @entity1 with stable and decompensated @entity3618 .

entities_list: @entity3618 :: ('MESH:D011660', 'Disease') :: ['cor pulmonale']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity4266 :: ('MESH:D018497', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular ejection fraction', 'RVEF']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: We made simultaneous measurements of pulmonary hemodynamics, cardiac output, and @entity4266 ( @entity4266 ) to assess the right ventricular function in 14 @entity1 with @entity120 as a result of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). From these measurements, the right ventricular end-systolic pressure/volume relationship could be calculated and used to assess right ventricular contractility. Eight of the @entity1 were clinically stable, without @entity4 , and 6 presented acutely with gross @entity4 , indicating decompensated @entity3618 . Measurements were made at rest, while breathing air and @entity26 . Although mean pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa) was similar in those with (Ppa = 33 +/- 6 mm Hg) and without @entity4 (Ppa = 30 +/- 8 mm Hg, p greater than 0.05), @entity4266 was lower in @entity4 ( @entity4266 = 0.23 +/- 0.11) compared with non- @entity4 @entity1 ( @entity4266 = 0.47 +/- 0.04, p less than 0.01). Cardiac output was normal in both groups. The mean right ventricular end-systolic pressure/volume ratio (P/V) was lower in those @entity1 with @entity4 (P/V = 0.41 +/- 0.27), as compared with those without @entity4 (P/V = 1.69 +/- 0.35, p less than 0.05), as a result of an increase in right ventricular end-systolic volume index. Similarly, left ventricular end-systolic volumes were higher in @entity4 than in non- @entity4 @entity1 . Breathing 1 to 3 L/min of @entity26 for 30 min decreased total pulmonary vascular resistance (p less than 0.05) in those @entity1 without @entity4 , but not in @entity1 with @entity4 . @entity26 did not change @entity4266 , left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), or the ventricular end-systolic P/V relationships.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The effects of controlled @entity26 therapy on ventricular function in @entity1 with stable and decompensated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity3618 :: (MESH:D011660,Disease) :: ['cor pulmonale']


abstract: We made simultaneous measurements of pulmonary hemodynamics, cardiac output, and @entity4266 ( @entity4266 ) to assess the right ventricular function in 14 @entity1 with @entity120 as a result of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). From these measurements, the right ventricular end-systolic pressure/volume relationship could be calculated and used to assess right ventricular contractility. Eight of the @entity1 were clinically stable, without @entity4 , and 6 presented acutely with gross @entity4 , indicating decompensated @entity3618 . Measurements were made at rest, while breathing air and @entity26 . Although mean pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa) was similar in those with (Ppa = 33 +/- 6 mm Hg) and without @entity4 (Ppa = 30 +/- 8 mm Hg, p greater than 0.05), @entity4266 was lower in @entity4 ( @entity4266 = 0.23 +/- 0.11) compared with non- @entity4 @entity1 ( @entity4266 = 0.47 +/- 0.04, p less than 0.01). Cardiac output was normal in both groups. The mean right ventricular end-systolic pressure/volume ratio (P/V) was lower in those @entity1 with @entity4 (P/V = 0.41 +/- 0.27), as compared with those without @entity4 (P/V = 1.69 +/- 0.35, p less than 0.05), as a result of an increase in right ventricular end-systolic volume index. Similarly, left ventricular end-systolic volumes were higher in @entity4 than in non- @entity4 @entity1 . Breathing 1 to 3 L/min of @entity26 for 30 min decreased total pulmonary vascular resistance (p less than 0.05) in those @entity1 without @entity4 , but not in @entity1 with @entity4 . @entity26 did not change @entity4266 , left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), or the ventricular end-systolic P/V relationships.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The effects of controlled @entity26 therapy on ventricular function in XXXX with stable and decompensated @entity3618 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Acute rejection is a serious and life-threatening complication of liver transplantation (LTx). @entity1140 ( @entity5467 ) is a potent immunosuppressant used in experimental and clinical transplantation. @entity71156 ( @entity71156 ) plays key roles as a transcription factor in the immune response. This study explored the role of @entity71156 in acute rejection after LTx using @entity5467 treatment. Here, LTx was performed in DA (RT1(n)) and Lewis (LEW) (RT1( @entity35 . The recipients were immunosuppressed with @entity5467 (1.5mg/kg/day subcutaneously) or saline. Liver grafts were harvested 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10days after LTx for histology, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and real-time PCR. Splenic mononuclear cells were activated with different doses of @entity5467 . The nuclear factor of activated T cells ( @entity28630 ) signal pathway and CD4+ T subset-related transcription factors were assessed. The results showed that @entity5467 treatment prolonged the survival of liver allografts in recipients, significantly attenuated @entity99 and improved liver function. @entity71156 expression in grafts was down-regulated after @entity5467 treatment. @entity5467 inhibited the expression of @entity71156 , @entity28630 , @entity13200 and RORyt in splenic mononuclear cells in vitro. In conclusions, our studies showed that @entity5467 attenuated acute rejection responses after LTx. This attenuation might depend on the @entity5467 - @entity28630 - @entity71156 signal pathway, which is crucial for the function of T helper subsets (Treg and Th17 cells) in acute rejection after LTx. These findings contribute to our understanding of the immune pharmacological mechanism of @entity5467 to prevent rejection in LTx @entity35 .

title: Roles of the @entity1140 -dependent transcription factor XXXX in acute rejection after liver transplantation.

entities_list: @entity71156 :: ('291100(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['IRF4', 'Interferon regulatory factor 4']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic tissue injury']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['Tacrolimus']

answer: @entity71156 :: (291100(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['IRF4']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Acute rejection is a serious and life-threatening complication of liver transplantation (LTx). @entity1140 ( @entity5467 ) is a potent immunosuppressant used in experimental and clinical transplantation. @entity71156 ( @entity71156 ) plays key roles as a transcription factor in the immune response. This study explored the role of @entity71156 in acute rejection after LTx using @entity5467 treatment. Here, LTx was performed in DA (RT1(n)) and Lewis (LEW) (RT1( @entity35 . The recipients were immunosuppressed with @entity5467 (1.5mg/kg/day subcutaneously) or saline. Liver grafts were harvested 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10days after LTx for histology, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and real-time PCR. Splenic mononuclear cells were activated with different doses of @entity5467 . The nuclear factor of activated T cells ( @entity28630 ) signal pathway and CD4+ T subset-related transcription factors were assessed. The results showed that @entity5467 treatment prolonged the survival of liver allografts in recipients, significantly attenuated @entity99 and improved liver function. @entity71156 expression in grafts was down-regulated after @entity5467 treatment. @entity5467 inhibited the expression of @entity71156 , @entity28630 , @entity13200 and RORyt in splenic mononuclear cells in vitro. In conclusions, our studies showed that @entity5467 attenuated acute rejection responses after LTx. This attenuation might depend on the @entity5467 - @entity28630 - @entity71156 signal pathway, which is crucial for the function of T helper subsets (Treg and Th17 cells) in acute rejection after LTx. These findings contribute to our understanding of the immune pharmacological mechanism of @entity5467 to prevent rejection in LTx @entity35 .

title: Roles of the XXXX -dependent transcription factor @entity71156 in acute rejection after liver transplantation.

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Survival for @entity1 with recurrent @entity0 has improved over time due to the introduction of modern systemic therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of subtype and the year of recurrence on the survival times of recurrent @entity0 . METHODS: Between 1979 and 2013, 813 @entity1 who underwent initial treatment for primary @entity0 experienced recurrence. They were divided into two groups based on the year of recurrence; before 2000 and after 2001. Survival after recurrence was compared between these groups based on following criteria; subtypes, @entity66 ( @entity66 ), and dominant recurrent site. The median follow-up period after recurrence was 4.3 years. RESULTS: Survival improved significantly in the after 2001 group, and a significant improvement in survival was only seen in the @entity1722 -enriched subtype. Multivariate analysis revealed that @entity66 , ER, @entity1722 status, dominant recurrent site and the Ki-67 index value were significant prognostic factors. In the @entity1722 -enriched subtype, the year of recurrence, @entity66 and dominant recurrent site were significant independent factors. In the other subtypes, these factors were not correlated with survival. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that the survival rate of @entity1 with only the @entity1722 -enriched subtype significantly improved after recurrence. To prolong the survival time after recurrence of both @entity109 and triple negative subtypes, the development of novel targeting therapies to overcome refractory recurrent @entity0 is extremely important.

title: Survival time according to the year of recurrence and subtype in recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DFI', 'disease free interval']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['luminal']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the approach taken by the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic @entity158 Research Network investigators to advance the utility of urologic chronic @entity2371 (UCPPS) animal models. METHODS: A multidisciplinary team of investigators representing basic science and clinical expertise defined key phenotypic criteria for rodent models of UCPPS. UCPPS symptoms were prioritized based on their clinical significance. Methods for quantifying animal correlates to @entity1 symptoms were developed. The methods were implemented across proposed rodent models for evaluation and comparison of animals for phenotypic characteristics relevant to @entity1 symptomatology. RESULTS: @entity2371 and urinary frequency were deemed primary features of @entity1 UCPPS and were prioritized for assessment in animals. Nociception was quantified using visceromotor response to @entity1494 and by applying von Frey filaments to the lower abdomen (referred tactile @entity1931 ). Micturition activity was assessed as free voiding using micturition cages or blotting pad assays and in response to bladder filling by cystometry. Models varied in both depth of characterization and degree of recapitulating pelvic @entity158 and urinary frequency characteristics of UCPPS. CONCLUSION: Rodent models that reflect multiple key characteristics of @entity1 UCPPS may be identified and provide enhanced clinical significance to mechanistic studies. We have developed a strategy for evaluating current and future animal models of UCPPS based on @entity1 symptomatology. This approach provides a foundation for improved translation between mechanistic studies in animals and clinical research and serves as a validation strategy for assessing validity of models for symptom-driven disorders of unknown etiology.

title: Animal Models of Urologic Chronic Pelvic @entity158 Syndromes: Findings From the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic XXXX Research Network.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['allodynia']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder distention']

entities_list: @entity2371 :: ('MESH:D017699', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic pain syndromes', 'Pelvic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the approach taken by the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic @entity158 Research Network investigators to advance the utility of urologic chronic @entity2371 (UCPPS) animal models. METHODS: A multidisciplinary team of investigators representing basic science and clinical expertise defined key phenotypic criteria for rodent models of UCPPS. UCPPS symptoms were prioritized based on their clinical significance. Methods for quantifying animal correlates to @entity1 symptoms were developed. The methods were implemented across proposed rodent models for evaluation and comparison of animals for phenotypic characteristics relevant to @entity1 symptomatology. RESULTS: @entity2371 and urinary frequency were deemed primary features of @entity1 UCPPS and were prioritized for assessment in animals. Nociception was quantified using visceromotor response to @entity1494 and by applying von Frey filaments to the lower abdomen (referred tactile @entity1931 ). Micturition activity was assessed as free voiding using micturition cages or blotting pad assays and in response to bladder filling by cystometry. Models varied in both depth of characterization and degree of recapitulating pelvic @entity158 and urinary frequency characteristics of UCPPS. CONCLUSION: Rodent models that reflect multiple key characteristics of @entity1 UCPPS may be identified and provide enhanced clinical significance to mechanistic studies. We have developed a strategy for evaluating current and future animal models of UCPPS based on @entity1 symptomatology. This approach provides a foundation for improved translation between mechanistic studies in animals and clinical research and serves as a validation strategy for assessing validity of models for symptom-driven disorders of unknown etiology.

title: Animal Models of Urologic Chronic Pelvic XXXX Syndromes: Findings From the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic @entity158 Research Network.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity542 are a common chief complaint encountered in the @entity341 ( @entity341 ). A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak resulting from such injuries is uncommon, but has potentially debilitating consequences if undiagnosed. CASE REPORT: A 34-year-old male @entity1 presented to the @entity341 with complaints of an @entity10 after a bicycle accident that occurred 5 days prior to presentation. He presented with a nonfocal neurologic examination. Computed tomography (CT) of the head was without significant pathology. CT angiography of the neck, performed due to a concern about traumatic arterial dissection, revealed @entity2483 , but no evidence of dissection or occlusion of the arteries in the neck. Lying flat, he appeared comfortable but became quite symptomatic upon sitting upright or standing. Based on this finding, a CSF leak was suspected and he was admitted for symptom control and more detailed imaging to rule out such a leak. He was found, on magnetic resonance imaging, to have epidural CSF collections consistent with the suspected leak. In addition to immobilization for the cervical spine fracture, he was treated for @entity10 conservatively with good outcomes. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Although this syndrome is still considered rare compared to other @entity130 , there is a growing body of evidence suggesting it may be underdiagnosed. Additionally, the signs and symptoms of this syndrome are nonspecific, with the exclusion of the @entity10 , and may be readily attributed to other diagnoses.

title: Cervical Spine Fracture Presenting as an XXXX Secondary to Cerebral Spinal Fluid Leak.

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['Head injuries']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['C7 spinal fractures']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['orthostatic headache', 'orthostatic headaches']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic injuries']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['Orthostatic Headache']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In light of the increased risk of @entity75 ( @entity75 ) development under long-term treatment with the monoclonal antibody natalizumab which is approved for treatment of active @entity3780 ( @entity3780 ), there is a clear need for alternative treatment options with comparable efficacy and reduced @entity75 risk. One such option is fingolimod, a functional sphingosin-1-receptor antagonist that has been approved as first oral drug for treatment of active @entity3780 . However, the optimal switching design in terms of prevention of disease reoccurrence is still unknown. Moreover, potential additive effects of both drugs on immune functions, especially with regard to migration, have not yet been evaluated. METHODS/DESIGN: This is an exploratory, open-label, monocentric, investigator-initiated clinical trial. Fifteen @entity3780 @entity1 under stable treatment with natalizumab will receive one last natalizumab infusion followed by a wash-out period of 8  weeks before fingolimod treatment initiation for a period of 24  weeks. Disease activity under natalizumab and during switching will be closely monitored by assessment of relapse rate and disease severity as well as high-frequent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging including quantitative diffusion tensor imaging. Immunological assays include longitudinal assessment of adhesion molecule expression, functional evaluation of the migratory capacity of immune cells in an in-vitro model of the blood-brain-barrier, and the quality of cellular antiviral immune responses. DISCUSSION: Our trial represents the first detailed and longitudinal functional analysis of key immunological parameters in the process of switching from natalizumab and fingolimod, especially with regard to potential additive effects of both drugs on trafficking and immune surveillance. Moreover, our study will generate valuable information about even subtle disease exacerbations as consequence of natalizumab cessation, which will help to understand whether a switching protocol containing a wash-out period of 8  weeks before fingolimod treatment is appropriate in terms of disease stability.

title: Assessment of immune functions and MRI disease activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis XXXX switching from natalizumab to fingolimod (ToFingo-Successor).

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['PML', 'progressive multifocal encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity3780 :: ('MESH:D020529', 'Disease') :: ['relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis', 'RRMS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To perform a cost of illness study in lower urinary tract symptoms associated with @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) in Hungary. METHODS: A multicentre, cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2014. @entity1067 @entity1 who had never undergone prostate surgery were recruited to the study. EQ-5D and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) were used to evaluate health status and disease severity. All resource utilisations related to @entity1067 in the past 12  months were recorded. Cost analysis was performed from societal perspective. RESULTS: Overall, 246 @entity1 were included with mean age of 70.6 (SD 8.1) years. Mean EQ-5D and IPSS were 0.85 (SD 0.19) and 12.8 (SD 6.3). Total annual per @entity1 cost of @entity1067 amounted to < @entity7634 >876 (SD < @entity7634 >1829). Distribution of the costs between direct medical, direct non-medical and indirect cost was 46, 31 and 23  %. High costs were related to informal care (< @entity7634 >243), medications (< @entity7634 >178) and private physician visits (< @entity7634 >132). @entity1 missed from work on average 14  h/year and 20  h/year due to absenteeism and presenteeism. Clinical severity expressed in IPSS score was found the strongest predictor of higher total costs (r  =  0.429, p  <  0.001). Mean costs of mild, moderate and severe @entity1 were < @entity7634 >203, < @entity7634 >754 and < @entity7634 >2168, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study in the literature that assessed indirect costs related to presenteeism in @entity1067 . We found that costs of reduced productivity while working exceed costs of absence from work. As the retirement age is gradually increasing, the importance of presenteeism is getting more significant, especially in pursuit of sustainable employment.

title: Cost of illness of medically treated XXXX in Hungary.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the associations between exposure to bioaerosols and work-related symptoms, lung function and biomarkers of airway @entity32 in compost workers. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Personal full-shift exposure measurements were performed on 47 workers employed at five windrow plants (n=20) and five reactor plants (n=27). Samples were analyzed for endotoxins, @entity364 . Health examinations were performed on workers and 37 controls before and after work on the day exposure was measured. The examinations included symptoms recorded by questionnaire, lung function by spirometry and nasal dimensions by acoustic rhinometry (AR). The pneumoproteins @entity10974 , @entity9914 and @entity3231 were measured in a blood sample drawn at the end of the day. RESULTS: The levels of endotoxins (median 3 EU/m(3) , range 0-730 EU/m(3) ) and actinomycetes spores (median 0.2 * 10(6) spores/m(3) , range 0-590 * 10(6) spores/m(3) ) were significantly higher in reactor plants compared to windrow plants. However, windrow composting workers reported more symptoms than reactor composting workers, probably due to use of respiratory protection. Exposure-response relationships between actinomycetes spores exposure and respiratory effects, found as cough and nose irritation during a shift, was significantly increased (OR 4.3, 95% CI 1.1-16, OR 6.1, 95% CI 1.5-25, respectively, p<0.05) among workers exposed to 0.02-0.3 * 10(6) actinomycetes spores/m 3 , and FEV1/FVC% decreased cross shift (b=-3.2, SE=1.5%, p<0.01). Effects were weaker in the highest exposed group, but these workers used respiratory protection, frequently limiting their actual exposure. No relationships were found between exposure and pneumoprotein concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: The major agent in the aerosol generated at compost plants was actinomycetes spores which was associated with work related cough symptoms and work-shift lung function decrease.

title: Airway XXXX among compost workers exposed to actinomycetes spores.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['bacteria, fungal and actinomycetes spores']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: The effects evoked by 1 min occlusions of the common carotids were studied in 16 spontaneously breathing @entity4485 anesthetized @entity468 . Unilateral occlusions induced @entity101 (to 111.5% of basal), but no changes in ventilation. @entity432 provoked larger @entity101 (to 137.5% of basal) and mild @entity591 , associated with @entity358 . Breath-by-breath minute volume augmented (to an averaged maximum of 144.7% of basal), the increase in tidal volume being more important than that of respiratory frequency. The maximal changes occurred shortly after occlusion and they were inversely but not linearly related to the minimal levels of intrasinusal pressure attained. Changes were subsequently attenuated during each occlusion, depending on the partial restoration of intrasinusal pressure. After barosensory denervation of the carotid sinuses, the cardiovascular responses to bilateral occlusions were reduced, but the respiratory ones were not affected. During 100% O2 breathing in @entity468 with intact innervation or carotid barodenervation, the respiratory responses to bilateral occlusions were much reduced and delayed, or even absent. That the above circulatory and respiratory effects of carotid occlusions were of reflex nature was demonstrated by their elimination after bilateral section of the carotid (sinus) nerves. Results indicate that while barosensory withdrawal during @entity432 is mostly responsible for reflex @entity101 and @entity1168 , chemosensory excitation induced by this maneuver is the major cause of reflex hyperventilation.

title: Contribution of carotid body chemoreceptors and carotid sinus baroreceptors to the ventilatory and circulatory reflexes produced by common XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4485 :: ('MESH:D010424', 'Chemical') :: ['pentobarbitone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'increases in systemic arterial pressure']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary and alveolar hyperventilation']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['carotid occlusion', 'Bilateral occlusions']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['carotid occlusion']


abstract: Fifteen @entity1 with disabling @entity9303 were treated with local intratympanic administration of @entity801 once daily. They had suffered from frequent attacks of vertigo and @entity391 , the hearing in the affected ears was decreased permanently, and spontaneous @entity346 was observed. The number of treatment days ranged between 3 and 11. Follow-up time was 1 to 6 years. For evaluation of the treatment, audiologic and vestibular examinations were used, including the broad frequency-band rotatory test (0.4-4.5 Hz). Fourteen @entity1 were free from vertigo after treatment. In 5 @entity1 , there was an increased @entity393 , and in 10 it remained unchanged. @entity1109 were diminished. After treatment, all ears were unresponsive to caloric stimulation. The clinical examination and rotatory testing in light with sinusoidal stimulation revealed good central compensation of the vestibular loss. However, with pseudorandomized oscillations in darkness, the broad frequency-band rotatory test quantified the loss of peripheral vestibular function and was able to detect the side of the lesion in eight of nine @entity1 .

title: Vestibular and audiologic functions in XXXX -treated Meni  re's disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity9303 :: ('MESH:D008575', 'Disease') :: ["Meniere's disease"]

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Tinnitus and fullness sensations']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity346 :: ('MESH:D009759', 'Disease') :: ['nystagmus']

answer: @entity801 :: (MESH:D005839,Chemical) :: ['gentamicin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 treated for @entity14 ( @entity14 ) experience considerable physical, social and psychological morbidity. In this study, 66 @entity1 with stages I-III @entity14 were enrolled in this study. @entity1 completed the self-assessment tool for @entity1 (SATp) over a 5-month period and visited a general practitioner with a copy of their SATp to assist in the management of any problems associated with @entity14 treatment. General practitioners' notes were reviewed for management actions. Of the 66 @entity1 , 57 visited a general practitioner over the 5-month study period. A total of 547 problems were identified (median 7; IQR: 3-12.25). @entity1 with physical problems were more likely to consult their general practitioner (OR: 1.84, CI: 1.05-3.21, P  =  0.03) compared to those with @entity458 . The number of problems experienced by @entity1 did not have any influence on the decision to visit a general practitioner. Psychological problems (P  <  0.01) significantly reduced over the 5-month study period. Regular use of the SATp facilitates the identification of long-term @entity14 treatment-related problems. Some of these problems could then be addressed in primary care.

title: A trial of a self-assessment tool of problems following treatment of XXXX : a prospective study in Australia primary care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological problems']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: @entity1645 without @entity2590 are rarely diagnosed in the pediatric age group. With current neurodiagnostic techniques, however, they are being seen more frequently. Unfortunately, the prognosis is not clear because publications have included a number of different entities, used a variety of surgical approaches, and lacked long term follow-up. Sixteen @entity1 younger than 20 years were treated for @entity1645 (without @entity2590 ) between 1975 and 1985. The average age was 11 years, and the average duration of symptoms was 20 months. The common symptoms were @entity3491 @entity425 (56%), @entity158 (37.5%), and sensory loss (25%). Frequently seen signs were @entity51 (81%), sensory loss (50%), @entity1635 (50%), and @entity129 (50%). The surgical procedures used were foramen magnum decompression (3 transoral clivus odontoid resections and 15 posterior fossa decompressions with dural grafting), alteration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways at the cervicomedullary junction (plugging the foramen cecum and a 4th ventricle to subarachnoid shunt with posterior fossa decompression), and ventriculoperitoneal shunting (2 cases). In follow-up, 37.5% of the @entity1 are asymptomatic, 50% are improved, and 12.5% are stable after an average follow-up period of 43 months. The asymptomatic group was younger (9.3 years) and had a shorter symptom duration (7.2 months) than both the improved (11.9 years, 16.4 months) and the stable groups (15 years, 20 months). Optimal outcome depends on complete evaluation of the abnormal CSF pathways and @entity854 at the craniovertebral junction. Operation is then directed toward correction of these abnormalities as delineated radiographically. Of our @entity1 , 87.5% have at least shown improvement, which has been long term in all cases.

title: Presentation and management of pediatric XXXX without @entity2590 .

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity1645 :: ('MESH:D001139', 'Disease') :: ['Chiari malformations']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['motor weakness']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficit']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['bony abnormalities']

answer: @entity1645 :: (MESH:D001139,Disease) :: ['Chiari malformations']


abstract: @entity1645 without @entity2590 are rarely diagnosed in the pediatric age group. With current neurodiagnostic techniques, however, they are being seen more frequently. Unfortunately, the prognosis is not clear because publications have included a number of different entities, used a variety of surgical approaches, and lacked long term follow-up. Sixteen @entity1 younger than 20 years were treated for @entity1645 (without @entity2590 ) between 1975 and 1985. The average age was 11 years, and the average duration of symptoms was 20 months. The common symptoms were @entity3491 @entity425 (56%), @entity158 (37.5%), and sensory loss (25%). Frequently seen signs were @entity51 (81%), sensory loss (50%), @entity1635 (50%), and @entity129 (50%). The surgical procedures used were foramen magnum decompression (3 transoral clivus odontoid resections and 15 posterior fossa decompressions with dural grafting), alteration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways at the cervicomedullary junction (plugging the foramen cecum and a 4th ventricle to subarachnoid shunt with posterior fossa decompression), and ventriculoperitoneal shunting (2 cases). In follow-up, 37.5% of the @entity1 are asymptomatic, 50% are improved, and 12.5% are stable after an average follow-up period of 43 months. The asymptomatic group was younger (9.3 years) and had a shorter symptom duration (7.2 months) than both the improved (11.9 years, 16.4 months) and the stable groups (15 years, 20 months). Optimal outcome depends on complete evaluation of the abnormal CSF pathways and @entity854 at the craniovertebral junction. Operation is then directed toward correction of these abnormalities as delineated radiographically. Of our @entity1 , 87.5% have at least shown improvement, which has been long term in all cases.

title: Presentation and management of pediatric @entity1645 without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity2590 :: (MESH:D009190,Disease) :: ['myelodysplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety of our follicle isolation procedure in a model of ovarian tissue artificially contaminated with @entity5 cells, then to improve the procedure to effectively eliminate malignant cells from follicle suspensions without altering viability. DESIGN: Prospective experimental study. SETTING: Gynecology research unit in a university hospital. @entity1 (S): Ten @entity1 undergoing laparoscopy for benign gynecologic disease. INTERVENTION(S): Follicle isolation from ovarian tissue artificially contaminated with marked fluorescent @entity1778 cells, either by the usual pickup technique without further treatment (group 1) or by washing three times after pickup (group 2). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Evidence of @entity1778 cells in follicle suspensions using fluorescence microscopy and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and analysis of follicle viability. RESULT(S): In group 1, 196 @entity1778 cells were detected by fluorescence microscopy out of 499 follicles retrieved, while just one @entity1778 cell was found among 772 follicles after three washes. The @entity1861 fusion transcript was detected when at least 19 cells were present in follicle suspensions; four samples were positive in group 1, and all were negative in group 2. Follicle viability was similar in both groups (95.6% vs. 96.4%). CONCLUSION(S): @entity5 cells could inadvertently be picked up with isolated follicles in case of malignant contamination of ovarian tissue. A simple purging procedure consisting of three washes proved effective for eliminating @entity1778 cells while maintaining good follicle viability.

title: Evaluation of a @entity1 ovarian follicle isolation technique to obtain disease-free follicle suspensions before safely grafting to XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENT']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety of our follicle isolation procedure in a model of ovarian tissue artificially contaminated with @entity5 cells, then to improve the procedure to effectively eliminate malignant cells from follicle suspensions without altering viability. DESIGN: Prospective experimental study. SETTING: Gynecology research unit in a university hospital. @entity1 (S): Ten @entity1 undergoing laparoscopy for benign gynecologic disease. INTERVENTION(S): Follicle isolation from ovarian tissue artificially contaminated with marked fluorescent @entity1778 cells, either by the usual pickup technique without further treatment (group 1) or by washing three times after pickup (group 2). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Evidence of @entity1778 cells in follicle suspensions using fluorescence microscopy and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and analysis of follicle viability. RESULT(S): In group 1, 196 @entity1778 cells were detected by fluorescence microscopy out of 499 follicles retrieved, while just one @entity1778 cell was found among 772 follicles after three washes. The @entity1861 fusion transcript was detected when at least 19 cells were present in follicle suspensions; four samples were positive in group 1, and all were negative in group 2. Follicle viability was similar in both groups (95.6% vs. 96.4%). CONCLUSION(S): @entity5 cells could inadvertently be picked up with isolated follicles in case of malignant contamination of ovarian tissue. A simple purging procedure consisting of three washes proved effective for eliminating @entity1778 cells while maintaining good follicle viability.

title: Evaluation of a XXXX ovarian follicle isolation technique to obtain disease-free follicle suspensions before safely grafting to @entity5 @entity1 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety of our follicle isolation procedure in a model of ovarian tissue artificially contaminated with @entity5 cells, then to improve the procedure to effectively eliminate malignant cells from follicle suspensions without altering viability. DESIGN: Prospective experimental study. SETTING: Gynecology research unit in a university hospital. @entity1 (S): Ten @entity1 undergoing laparoscopy for benign gynecologic disease. INTERVENTION(S): Follicle isolation from ovarian tissue artificially contaminated with marked fluorescent @entity1778 cells, either by the usual pickup technique without further treatment (group 1) or by washing three times after pickup (group 2). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Evidence of @entity1778 cells in follicle suspensions using fluorescence microscopy and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and analysis of follicle viability. RESULT(S): In group 1, 196 @entity1778 cells were detected by fluorescence microscopy out of 499 follicles retrieved, while just one @entity1778 cell was found among 772 follicles after three washes. The @entity1861 fusion transcript was detected when at least 19 cells were present in follicle suspensions; four samples were positive in group 1, and all were negative in group 2. Follicle viability was similar in both groups (95.6% vs. 96.4%). CONCLUSION(S): @entity5 cells could inadvertently be picked up with isolated follicles in case of malignant contamination of ovarian tissue. A simple purging procedure consisting of three washes proved effective for eliminating @entity1778 cells while maintaining good follicle viability.

title: Evaluation of a @entity1 ovarian follicle isolation technique to obtain disease-free follicle suspensions before safely grafting to @entity5 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The neozona is the innermost layer of the complex blastocyst coverings of the @entity95 and is located between the mucoprotein layer and the trophoblast. As shown previously the neozona begins to replace the zona pellucida from the 4th day post coitum (d p.c.) on (Denker and Gerdes 1979). In the present study, @entity95 blastocyst coverings were checked for regional differences in their composition, comparing the embryonic and the abembryonic pole of the blastocyst, at 5 and 6 d p.c. These two stages were chosen because at 5 d p.c. a complete trophoblast layer is still present at both the @entity2085 (Rauber's layer) and the extraembryonic regions (mural and abembryonic pole trophoblast), whereas at 6 d p.c. Rauber's layer has largely degenerated. Correlation of regional differences in blastocyst coverings structure with presence or absence of an intact trophoblast is taken as suggestive evidence for a role of the trophoblast in the formation or the structural modification of blastocyst coverings components. Blastocysts of both stages were fixed in @entity3584 with and without @entity3739 red and processed for TEM. The neozona was found to be almost equally well developed in all regions at 5 d p.c. On contrast, at 6 d p.c. (Rauber's layer defective) the neozona is consistently found to be much thinner at the @entity2085 than in the extraembryonic regions where the trophoblast is still intact. This is the first report on regional differences of the structural composition of blastocyst covering within the same blastocyst.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The dynamic structure of XXXX blastocyst coverings. II. Ultrastructural evidence for a role of the trophoblast in neozona formation.

entities_list: @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic disc']

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

entities_list: @entity3739 :: ('MESH:D012428', 'Chemical') :: ['ruthenium']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The Buckberg index (SEVR: subendocardial viability ratio) is considered a useful parameter for a non-invasive assessment of the relationship between subendocardial @entity26 supply and demand. However, his classic calculation does not include the pre-ejection isovolumic contraction time in @entity64 work evaluation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the accuracy of the isovolumic contraction time obtained through the carotid pulse wave analysis, to be included in SEVR assessment. DESIGN AND METHOD: In 35 @entity1 (mean age  SD=66  13 yrs) followed-up for chronic left ventricular systolic failure (EF=32  8%) with no significant @entity340 , the pressure curve in the common carotid artery by tonometer (PulsePen) and the aortic transvalvular flow by EchocardioDoppler (Philips-EnVisor C- @entity2033 ) were acquired simultaneously. The synchronization of data acquisition was verified by comparison of the RR intervals in the ECG signals recorded simultaneously to the two methods. The isovolumic contraction time was separately calculated by considering both the delay between the beginning of the aortic flow wave obtained by EchocardioDoppler and the R wave of the corresponding ECG, and the delay between the foot of the pressure wave recorded in the carotid artery by tonometry compared with the R wave of the corresponding ECG. The latter was corrected by considering the delay between ascending aorta and carotid pulses, computed as a function of the carotid-femoral pulse wave speed and of the distance between the point of carotid pulse acquisition and the sternal notch. RESULTS: The isovolumic contraction time computed by tonometry (68.8  20.2ms) was closely related to that measured with the EchocardioDoppler approach (68.8  20.5ms): y=0.93x+4.94; r=0.93; p<0.0001, with homogeneous distribution in Bland-Altman analysis (mean difference -0.1  7.57ms). The ratios between isovolumic contraction time and systolic ejection time separately obtained with the two methods (24.8  8.3% and 22.2  8.5%, respectively) were closely related: y=0.93x+1.67; r=0.90 (mean difference -0.1  2.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Thus, carotid arterial tonometry allows an accurate and simple assessment of the isovolumic contraction time, which can be employed to improve the assessment of SEVR by also considering the isovolumic contraction time in the @entity64 work evaluation.

title: 2D.02: ACCURACY OF ISOVOLUMETRIC CONTRACTION TIME OBTAINED BY CAROTID ARTERIAL TONOMETRY IN XXXX WITH CHRONIC LEFT VENTRICULAR FAILURE.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: High blood pressure variability has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. We aimed to assess if increased visit-to-visit variability in systolic blood pressure increases the risk of @entity64 or @entity299 (fatal/non-fatal coronary or @entity712 events) in the VALUE population. DESIGN AND METHOD: The VALUE trial was a randomised-controlled, double-masked investigation of @entity917 versus @entity3591 in @entity1 50 years or older with @entity101 and high risk of cardiovascular events. Mean follow-up time was 4.2 years. We calculated the standard deviation (SD) of mean systolic blood pressure from visits from 6 months onward, excluding @entity1 with less than 2 visits, or @entity64 or @entity299 during the first 6 months. In the pooled treatment arms, we grouped SD in quintiles and compared the risk of @entity64 or @entity299 in the highest and the lowest quintile, using a Cox regression model, adjusting for a number of prognostic variables, including randomised treatment and mean BP from 6 months onwards. RESULTS: Of 14.146 @entity1 included, 1278 (9.0%) experienced a @entity299 and 473 (3.3%) experienced a @entity64 . Compared to @entity1 with the lowest variability, those in the highest quintile had an increased risk of @entity64 or @entity299 (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-1.8, p=0.045 and HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6-2.3, p<0.0001, respectively, Figure). CONCLUSIONS: Visit-to-visit systolic BP variability predicts @entity64 and @entity299 in high risk @entity101 @entity1 receiving @entity917 or @entity3591 , and independent of mean BP. Systolic blood pressure variability was a stronger predictor of @entity64 .(Figure is included in full-text article.).

title: 3D.01: VISIT-TO-VISIT BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY INCREASES RISK OF STROKE OR CARDIAC EVENTS IN @entity1 GIVEN XXXX OR @entity3591 IN THE VALUE TRIAL.

entities_list: @entity917 :: ('MESH:C081489', 'Chemical') :: ['valsartan']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events than of stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events', 'cardiac event']

answer: @entity917 :: (MESH:C081489,Chemical) :: ['VALSARTAN']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: High blood pressure variability has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. We aimed to assess if increased visit-to-visit variability in systolic blood pressure increases the risk of @entity64 or @entity299 (fatal/non-fatal coronary or @entity712 events) in the VALUE population. DESIGN AND METHOD: The VALUE trial was a randomised-controlled, double-masked investigation of @entity917 versus @entity3591 in @entity1 50 years or older with @entity101 and high risk of cardiovascular events. Mean follow-up time was 4.2 years. We calculated the standard deviation (SD) of mean systolic blood pressure from visits from 6 months onward, excluding @entity1 with less than 2 visits, or @entity64 or @entity299 during the first 6 months. In the pooled treatment arms, we grouped SD in quintiles and compared the risk of @entity64 or @entity299 in the highest and the lowest quintile, using a Cox regression model, adjusting for a number of prognostic variables, including randomised treatment and mean BP from 6 months onwards. RESULTS: Of 14.146 @entity1 included, 1278 (9.0%) experienced a @entity299 and 473 (3.3%) experienced a @entity64 . Compared to @entity1 with the lowest variability, those in the highest quintile had an increased risk of @entity64 or @entity299 (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-1.8, p=0.045 and HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6-2.3, p<0.0001, respectively, Figure). CONCLUSIONS: Visit-to-visit systolic BP variability predicts @entity64 and @entity299 in high risk @entity101 @entity1 receiving @entity917 or @entity3591 , and independent of mean BP. Systolic blood pressure variability was a stronger predictor of @entity64 .(Figure is included in full-text article.).

title: 3D.01: VISIT-TO-VISIT BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY INCREASES RISK OF STROKE OR CARDIAC EVENTS IN @entity1 GIVEN @entity917 OR XXXX IN THE VALUE TRIAL.

answer: @entity3591 :: (MESH:D017311,Chemical) :: ['AMLODIPINE']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: High blood pressure variability has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. We aimed to assess if increased visit-to-visit variability in systolic blood pressure increases the risk of @entity64 or @entity299 (fatal/non-fatal coronary or @entity712 events) in the VALUE population. DESIGN AND METHOD: The VALUE trial was a randomised-controlled, double-masked investigation of @entity917 versus @entity3591 in @entity1 50 years or older with @entity101 and high risk of cardiovascular events. Mean follow-up time was 4.2 years. We calculated the standard deviation (SD) of mean systolic blood pressure from visits from 6 months onward, excluding @entity1 with less than 2 visits, or @entity64 or @entity299 during the first 6 months. In the pooled treatment arms, we grouped SD in quintiles and compared the risk of @entity64 or @entity299 in the highest and the lowest quintile, using a Cox regression model, adjusting for a number of prognostic variables, including randomised treatment and mean BP from 6 months onwards. RESULTS: Of 14.146 @entity1 included, 1278 (9.0%) experienced a @entity299 and 473 (3.3%) experienced a @entity64 . Compared to @entity1 with the lowest variability, those in the highest quintile had an increased risk of @entity64 or @entity299 (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-1.8, p=0.045 and HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6-2.3, p<0.0001, respectively, Figure). CONCLUSIONS: Visit-to-visit systolic BP variability predicts @entity64 and @entity299 in high risk @entity101 @entity1 receiving @entity917 or @entity3591 , and independent of mean BP. Systolic blood pressure variability was a stronger predictor of @entity64 .(Figure is included in full-text article.).

title: 3D.01: VISIT-TO-VISIT BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY INCREASES RISK OF STROKE OR CARDIAC EVENTS IN XXXX GIVEN @entity917 OR @entity3591 IN THE VALUE TRIAL.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['PATIENTS']