abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mature T-cell @entity706 comprise a group of heterogeneous diseases that vary in clinicopathological features, biological behavior, treatment response, and prognosis. Bone marrow (BM) infiltration is more commonly present in mature T-cell @entity706 compared with their B-cell counterparts and hence important for differential diagnosis. In this study, clinical characteristics and prognostic factors were analyzed in 225 @entity1 with mature T-cell @entity706 treated in a single institution. These included 29 cases of @entity1071 ( @entity1071 , all with BM infiltration) and 196 cases of T-/natural-killer-cell lymphoma (T/NKCL, 56 with BM infiltration and 140 without BM infiltration). The estimated 5-year @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) rates of @entity1071 and T/NKCL were 96.6% and 37.3%, respectively. @entity1071 @entity1 were less likely to exhibit poor performance status, @entity1442 stage, presence of B symptoms, or abnormal level of serum @entity6393 . With similar pathological characteristics, T/NKCL @entity1 with BM infiltration showed significantly lower response rates and shorter @entity1349 than those without BM infiltration (P = 0.0264 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that poor performance status, @entity1442 stage, elevated serum @entity880 dehydrogenase level, and BM involvement were independent unfavorable prognostic factors. The Glasgow Prognostic Score may be more efficient than the International Prognostic Index in predicting disease outcome in T/NKCL. In conclusion, clinical characteristics may be useful in more effectively stratifying @entity1 with mature T-cell @entity706 .

title: Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of XXXX with mature T-cell @entity706 : a single-institution study of 225 cases.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The implementation of plan of the day selection for @entity1 receiving radiotherapy (RT) for @entity150 requires efficient and confident decision-making. This article describes the development of a training programme and maintenance of competency. METHODS: Cone beam CT (CBCT) images acquired on @entity1 receiving RT for @entity150 were assessed to establish baseline competency and training needs. A training programme was implemented, and observers were asked to select planning target volumes (PTVs) on two groups of 20 @entity1 ' images. After clinical implementation, the PTVs chosen were reviewed offline, and an audit performed after 3 years. RESULTS: A mean of 73% (range, 53-93%) concordance rate was achieved prior to training. Subsequent to training, the mean score decreased to 66% (Round 1), then increased to 76% (Round 2). Six radiographers and two clinicians successfully completed the training programme. An independent observer reviewed the images offline after clinical implementation, and a 91% (126/139) concordance rate was achieved. During the audit, 125 CBCT images from 13 @entity1 were reviewed by a single observer and concordance was 92%. CONCLUSION: Radiographer-led selection of plan of the day was implemented successfully with the use of a training programme and continual assessment. Quality has been maintained over a period of 3 years. Advances in knowledge: The training programme was successful in achieving and maintaining competency for a plan of the day technique.

title: Radiographer-led plan selection for XXXX radiotherapy: initiating a training programme and maintaining competency.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To assess the comparative effectiveness of botulinum toxin and @entity1169 in @entity1 with @entity400 ( @entity400 ). STUDY DESIGN: Individual prospective cohort study. METHODS: Study @entity1 were recruited at the Emory Voice Center from @entity1 seeking treatment for @entity400 . Exclusion criteria included current b-blocker treatment, @entity7364 , or other disease that prevented the use of @entity1169 therapy. A 10-week washout period from prior botulinum toxin treatment occurred before enrollment. @entity1 were assessed via the Voice-Related Quality-Of-Life (VRQOL) questionnaire, Quality of life in @entity400 , and blinded perceptual voice assessment. These assessments were made at baseline voice 2 weeks after @entity1169 therapy and 4 weeks after botulinum toxin injection. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 were enrolled. After 2 to 4 weeks of @entity1169 therapy (with a maximum dosage of 60 mg to 90 mg per day), @entity1 report an average   VRQOL of 9.31. Six @entity1 report significant VRQOL improvement >10, with the rest reporting changes between -7.5 and 7.5. Fifteen @entity1 were followed for at least 4 weeks after botulinum toxin injection, reporting an average improvement in scaled VRQOL of 22.00. Blinded perceptual voice assessment demonstrates an improvement in overall severity of @entity400 with botulinum toxin. CONCLUSIONS: In some @entity1 with @entity400 , @entity1169 led to significant vocal improvement with no major side effects. Although botulinum toxin remains the gold-standard therapy for @entity1 with @entity400 , @entity1169 represents a possible alternative or adjuvant therapy for certain @entity1 .

title: Comparative effectiveness of @entity1169 and botulinum for the treatment of essential voice XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['essential vocal tremor', 'EVT', 'Essential Tremor questionnaire', 'tremor']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['spasmodic dysphonia']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['tremor']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To assess the comparative effectiveness of botulinum toxin and @entity1169 in @entity1 with @entity400 ( @entity400 ). STUDY DESIGN: Individual prospective cohort study. METHODS: Study @entity1 were recruited at the Emory Voice Center from @entity1 seeking treatment for @entity400 . Exclusion criteria included current b-blocker treatment, @entity7364 , or other disease that prevented the use of @entity1169 therapy. A 10-week washout period from prior botulinum toxin treatment occurred before enrollment. @entity1 were assessed via the Voice-Related Quality-Of-Life (VRQOL) questionnaire, Quality of life in @entity400 , and blinded perceptual voice assessment. These assessments were made at baseline voice 2 weeks after @entity1169 therapy and 4 weeks after botulinum toxin injection. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 were enrolled. After 2 to 4 weeks of @entity1169 therapy (with a maximum dosage of 60 mg to 90 mg per day), @entity1 report an average   VRQOL of 9.31. Six @entity1 report significant VRQOL improvement >10, with the rest reporting changes between -7.5 and 7.5. Fifteen @entity1 were followed for at least 4 weeks after botulinum toxin injection, reporting an average improvement in scaled VRQOL of 22.00. Blinded perceptual voice assessment demonstrates an improvement in overall severity of @entity400 with botulinum toxin. CONCLUSIONS: In some @entity1 with @entity400 , @entity1169 led to significant vocal improvement with no major side effects. Although botulinum toxin remains the gold-standard therapy for @entity1 with @entity400 , @entity1169 represents a possible alternative or adjuvant therapy for certain @entity1 .

title: Comparative effectiveness of XXXX and botulinum for the treatment of essential voice @entity400 .

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: The basophil activation test (BAT) has become a pervasive test for @entity56 response through the development of flow cytometry, discovery of activation markers such as @entity5775 and unique markers identifying basophil granulocytes. Basophil activation test measures basophil response to allergen cross-linking IgE on between 150 and 2000 basophil granulocytes in <0.1 ml fresh blood. Dichotomous activation is assessed as the fraction of reacting basophils. In addition to clinical history, skin prick test, and specific IgE determination, BAT can be a part of the diagnostic evaluation of @entity1 with food-, insect venom-, and drug @entity566 and chronic @entity110 . It may be helpful in determining the clinically relevant allergen. Basophil sensitivity may be used to monitor @entity1 on allergen immunotherapy, anti-IgE treatment or in the natural resolution of @entity566 . Basophil activation test may use fewer resources and be more reproducible than challenge testing. As it is less stressful for the @entity1 and avoids severe @entity56 , BAT ought to precede challenge testing. An important next step is to standardize BAT and make it available in diagnostic laboratories. The nature of basophil activation as an ex vivo challenge makes it a multifaceted and promising tool for the allergist. In this EAACI task force position paper, we provide an overview of the practical and technical details as well as the clinical utility of BAT in diagnosis and management of @entity56 .

title: The clinical utility of basophil activation testing in diagnosis and monitoring of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'allergic', 'allergic reactions']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic disease']


abstract: Recurrence and survival data at 10 years were examined for 147 @entity1 with single axillary lymph node @entity3 found in a modified radical or standard radical mastectomy. The cases were identified through a review of all @entity1 with primary operable @entity0 treated at Memorial Hospital from 1964 to 1970. The @entity1 were stratified into groups according to size of the @entity5 and of the metastatic deposit (micro less than or equal to 2 mm; macro greater than 2 mm) as well as level of the positive node. In the entire series, there was a significantly poorer prognosis among those @entity1 with single macrometastases (30/77 @entity1 ; 39% recurrence rate) when compared with those having micrometastases (17/70 @entity1 : 24% recurrence rate). A major prognostic difference emerged after stratification by @entity5 size. Within the first six years of the follow-up period, T1 @entity1 with negative nodes and those with single micrometastases had similar survival curves, significantly better than those with macrometastases. However, at 12 years, the survival @entity35 of those @entity1 with either a micro- or macrometastases was nearly identical, and significantly worse than for those @entity1 with negative lymph nodes. On the other hand, among @entity1 with @entity5 2.1-5.0 cm (T2), @entity1 with negative lymph nodes or single micrometastases had survival curves that did not differ significantly throughout the course of the follow-up period. Both had an outcome significantly better than observed for @entity1 with macrometastases. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the clinical behaviour of @entity0 and for the stratification of @entity1 entered into randomized treatment trials.

title: Axillary micro- and macrometastases in XXXX : prognostic significance of @entity5 size.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Recurrence and survival data at 10 years were examined for 147 @entity1 with single axillary lymph node @entity3 found in a modified radical or standard radical mastectomy. The cases were identified through a review of all @entity1 with primary operable @entity0 treated at Memorial Hospital from 1964 to 1970. The @entity1 were stratified into groups according to size of the @entity5 and of the metastatic deposit (micro less than or equal to 2 mm; macro greater than 2 mm) as well as level of the positive node. In the entire series, there was a significantly poorer prognosis among those @entity1 with single macrometastases (30/77 @entity1 ; 39% recurrence rate) when compared with those having micrometastases (17/70 @entity1 : 24% recurrence rate). A major prognostic difference emerged after stratification by @entity5 size. Within the first six years of the follow-up period, T1 @entity1 with negative nodes and those with single micrometastases had similar survival curves, significantly better than those with macrometastases. However, at 12 years, the survival @entity35 of those @entity1 with either a micro- or macrometastases was nearly identical, and significantly worse than for those @entity1 with negative lymph nodes. On the other hand, among @entity1 with @entity5 2.1-5.0 cm (T2), @entity1 with negative lymph nodes or single micrometastases had survival curves that did not differ significantly throughout the course of the follow-up period. Both had an outcome significantly better than observed for @entity1 with macrometastases. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the clinical behaviour of @entity0 and for the stratification of @entity1 entered into randomized treatment trials.

title: Axillary micro- and macrometastases in @entity0 : prognostic significance of XXXX size.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity9190 inhibitors (PARPi) are a novel class of drugs with activity in @entity1 with acquired or germline homologous recombination (HR) deficiency-associated high-grade serous @entity43 (HGSOC). We hypothesized that measuring yH2AX as an indicator of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), and @entity15124 or @entity6545 as an indicator of DSB repair, would reflect HR status and predict response to PARPi-based therapy. Our aim was to develop and use high-throughput multiparametric flow cytometry to quantify yH2AX with @entity15124 or @entity6545 in PBMCs as a readily available surrogate. METHODS: Healthy donor PBMCs were used for assay development and optimization. We validated induction of yH2AX, @entity15124 and @entity6545 by staining with fluorophore-conjugated antibodies. The multiparameter flow cytometric method was applied to PBMC samples from recurrent HGSOC @entity1 who were treated with PARPi, olaparib and @entity3003 . RESULTS: Stimulation was necessary for quantification of a DNA damage response to olaparib/ @entity3003 in healthy donor PBMCs. The flow cytometric protocol could not distinguish between cytoplasmic and nuclear @entity6545 , erroneously indicating activation in response to injury. Thus, @entity15124 was selected as the marker of DSB repair. PBMCs from 15 recurrent HGSOC @entity1 were then examined. @entity1 who did not respond to PARPi therapy had a significantly higher pre-treatment level of yH2AX (p  =  0.01), and a higher ratio of yH2AX/ @entity15124 (11.0 [3.5-13.2] v. 3.3 [2.8-9.9], p  <  0.03) compared with responders. CONCLUSIONS: We successfully developed and applied a multiparameter flow cytometry assay to measure yH2AX and @entity15124 in PBMCs. Prospective studies will be required to validate this surrogate biomarker assay as a potential predictive biomarker of PARPi-based therapy.

title: Development of a multiparameter flow cytometric assay as a potential biomarker for homologous recombination deficiency in @entity1 with high-grade serous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity9190 inhibitors (PARPi) are a novel class of drugs with activity in @entity1 with acquired or germline homologous recombination (HR) deficiency-associated high-grade serous @entity43 (HGSOC). We hypothesized that measuring yH2AX as an indicator of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), and @entity15124 or @entity6545 as an indicator of DSB repair, would reflect HR status and predict response to PARPi-based therapy. Our aim was to develop and use high-throughput multiparametric flow cytometry to quantify yH2AX with @entity15124 or @entity6545 in PBMCs as a readily available surrogate. METHODS: Healthy donor PBMCs were used for assay development and optimization. We validated induction of yH2AX, @entity15124 and @entity6545 by staining with fluorophore-conjugated antibodies. The multiparameter flow cytometric method was applied to PBMC samples from recurrent HGSOC @entity1 who were treated with PARPi, olaparib and @entity3003 . RESULTS: Stimulation was necessary for quantification of a DNA damage response to olaparib/ @entity3003 in healthy donor PBMCs. The flow cytometric protocol could not distinguish between cytoplasmic and nuclear @entity6545 , erroneously indicating activation in response to injury. Thus, @entity15124 was selected as the marker of DSB repair. PBMCs from 15 recurrent HGSOC @entity1 were then examined. @entity1 who did not respond to PARPi therapy had a significantly higher pre-treatment level of yH2AX (p  =  0.01), and a higher ratio of yH2AX/ @entity15124 (11.0 [3.5-13.2] v. 3.3 [2.8-9.9], p  <  0.03) compared with responders. CONCLUSIONS: We successfully developed and applied a multiparameter flow cytometry assay to measure yH2AX and @entity15124 in PBMCs. Prospective studies will be required to validate this surrogate biomarker assay as a potential predictive biomarker of PARPi-based therapy.

title: Development of a multiparameter flow cytometric assay as a potential biomarker for homologous recombination deficiency in XXXX with high-grade serous @entity43 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The impact of characteristics of neighbourhood environment on physical activity and @entity28 is still the subject of debate. This study aimed to explore the impact of urban neighbourhood environment on physical activity and @entity28 . STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Individuals who participated in the 2009 national health-screening programme, submitted all necessary information, and had lived in Community 1 (Haengdang) or Community 2 (Ilsan) for at least 2 years (n  =  16,178) were selected for inclusion in this study. Anthropometric measures were taken and physical activity was assessed using a short questionnaire. RESULTS: No significant difference in the trigger factors for walking, including the amount of neighbourhood park space, number of shopping malls, and distance between the community and shopping malls, was found between the two communities. However, Community 2 had a better street environment than Community 1. @entity1 who lived in Community 2 were more physically active [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-1.48] and walked more regularly (adjusted OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.17) than @entity1 who lived in Community 1, and were less likely to have @entity1144 (adjusted OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.77-0.91), @entity101 (adjusted OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.80-0.97) and @entity6 (adjusted OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75-0.99). However, the risk of dyslipidaemia, especially in terms of low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , was higher in Community 2. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a walkable environment has a positive influence on @entity101 and @entity6 , and physical activity is the possible mechanism for this association. A walkable environment may function as an important tool for health promotion in urban areas.

title: Influence of urban neighbourhood environment on physical activity and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity-related diseases']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity-related diseases']


abstract: @entity1274 ( @entity1274 ) is defined as the @entity1274 of a minimum of 30 dB in at least three frequencies for three days or more. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of hyperbaric @entity26 therapy (HBO2) in the management of @entity1274 . MATERIAL-METHODS: @entity1 with @entity1274 received treatment including oral @entity288 and HBO2. HBO2 protocol included five phases of five sessions each. @entity1274 was assessed by measuring the tonal audiogram before and after each phase. @entity392 was assessed using a questionnaire and a visual analogue scale at the beginning and the end of the study. Secondary assessment points included changes in the intensity and the improvement of @entity392 . RESULTS: 56 @entity1 were included in the study. All @entity1 completed Phases I and II of HBO2, 43 completed Phase III, 13 completed Phase IV, and six completed all five phases. Overall, a significant improvement was noted between the initial and final audiogram after HBO2 (p < 0.001). @entity392 evaluation score, intensity and related problems were also significantly reduced (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study affirms previous findings that the use of HBO2 and vasodilators are efficacious in the treatment of @entity1274 . Our findings also suggest benefit for the treatment of @entity392 .

title: Management of sudden hearing loss with hyperbaric XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss', 'sensorineural hearing loss', 'Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss', 'ISSHL']

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus', 'Tinnitus']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the postoperative recovery of @entity1 with superior @entity5 ( @entity20330 ) following conventional open surgery vs. a hybrid video-assisted and limited open approach (VALO). METHODS: The subjects of this retrospective study were 20 @entity1 we operated on to resect a @entity20330 . All @entity1 received induction chemo-radiation followed by surgery, performed via either a conventional thoracotomy approach (n  =  10) or the hybrid VALO approach (n  =  10). In the hybrid VALO group, lobectomy and internal chest wall preparation were performed using a video technique, with rib resection and specimen removal through a limited incision. RESULTS: There was no mortality in either group. Two @entity1 from the thoracotomy group required mechanical ventilation, but there was no major morbidity in the hybrid VALO group. The operative times were similar for the two procedures. The average length of hospital stay  was shorter and the average @entity158 scores were significantly lower in the hybrid VALO group. The incidence of @entity1118 was 10  % in the hybrid VALO group vs. 50  % in the thoracotomy group. CONCLUSIONS: Hybrid VALO resection of @entity20330 is feasible and safe, resulting in faster @entity1 recovery and a significantly lower incidence of severe @entity1118 than open thoracotomy. We conclude that centers experienced with video-assisted lobectomy should consider hybrid VALO surgery as the procedure of choice for @entity20330 .

title: Hybrid video-assisted and limited open (VALO) resection of superior XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['sulcus tumors']

entities_list: @entity20330 :: ('MESH:D010178', 'Disease') :: ['Pancoast tumors', 'Pancoast tumor']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['sulcus tumors']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic ability of specimen radiography using @entity433 ( @entity433 ) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) for detecting @entity0 and evaluating its extension in the intraoperative specimen. METHODS: Sixty-five specimens from 65 @entity1 (median 62  years; range 34-86) obtained during breast-conserving surgery were prospectively investigated. Specimens underwent @entity433 (25-40 kVp, 12-322 mA  s) and DBT (25-34 kVp, 13-137  mA) in two orthogonal planes, anteroposterior (AP) and latero-lateral (LL). Images were interpreted by a radiologist to detect invasive lesions and their extensive @entity3821 in situ ( @entity3821 ); afterwards, they were compared with histopathological findings. RESULTS: In AP views, 96  % of the invasive lesions were detected by both the methods. Of the EICs, 55 and 65  % were detected by @entity433 and DBT, respectively (P  =  0.61). Of the DICSs, 31 and 38  % were detected by @entity433 and DBT, respectively (P  >  0.99). In LL views, 71 and 13  % of the invasive lesions were detected by DBT and @entity433 , respectively (P  <  0.0001). Of the EICs, 42 and 10  % were detected by DBT and @entity433 , respectively (P  =  0.0078). Of the 13 DCISs, 42 and 8  % were detected by DBT and @entity433 , respectively (P  =  0.32). The whole lesion and contour could be delineated in 45  % by DBT and in 6.2  % by @entity433 (P  <  0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: DBT could detect @entity0 more accurately than @entity433 in LL views, indicating its potential to more precisely diagnose vertical invasion.

title: Digital mammography versus digital breast tomosynthesis for detection of XXXX in the intraoperative specimen during breast-conserving surgery.

entities_list: @entity433 :: ('MESH:C536436', 'Disease') :: ['digital mammography', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['DCIS', 'intraductal components (EIC) or ductal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The need to achieve a @entity5 -free margin of >= 1 mm (R0) for @entity14 ( @entity14 ) after hepatic resection has been questioned recently. This study conducted a meta-analysis to determine whether status of the surgical margin still influenced the long-term outcome of survival and recurrence rate. METHODS: Eligible trials that compared survival and recurrence rates of R0 versus the @entity5 -free margin <1 mm (R1) were identified from Embase, PubMed, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library since their inception to 1 March 2015. The study outcomes included long-term outcome of survival and recurrence rate. Hazard ratio (HR) with a 95 % confidence interval was used to measure the pooled effect according to a random-effects model or fixed-effects model, depending on the heterogeneity among the included studies. The heterogeneity among these trials was statistically evaluated using the   (2) and I(2) tests. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias were also carried out. RESULTS: A total of 18 studies containing 6790 @entity1 were included. The comparison between @entity4960 revealed that a pooled HR for 5-year overall survival was 1.603 (95 % CI; 1.464-1.755; p   =   0.000; I(2)   =   31.2 %, p   =   0.141). For @entity1 received modern chemotherapy; a pooled HR of R1 resection for 5-year overall survival was 1.924 (95 % CI; 1.567-2.361, p   =   0.000; I(2)   =   20.5 %, p   =   0.273). The pooled HR for 5-year OS of >= 1 cm in the included studies calculated using the random-effects model was 0.819 (95 % CI; 0.715-0.938, p   =   0.004; I(2)   =   0 %, p   =   0.492). CONCLUSIONS: R1 resections decreased long-term survival, and modern chemotherapy did not alter an adverse outcome. Surgeons should attempt to obtain a 1-cm margin.

title: Negative surgical margin improved long-term survival of XXXX after hepatic resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRLM', 'colorectal liver metastases']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer liver metastases']


abstract: A @entity19 @entity1582 cell line, 45.6.3, produces an @entity10986 immunoglobulin (Ig) with 2 @entity1735 attachment sites on the heavy chains. One site is in the @entity845 domain and the other in the VH region. The oligosaccharides at each site have different structures. The ratio of radioactive @entity4823 incorporated in the VH compared with the @entity845 oligosaccharide is approximately 1 to 3. In an attempt to understand this observation further, variant cell lines derived from 45.6.3 were isolated and their Ig were characterized. A ricin-resistant line, R4R1.5, has the same 2 attachment sites as the wild type, but the ratio of radioactive @entity4823 in VH compared with @entity845 was 1:1 and not 1:3 as in the wild type. This alteration is most probably due to cellular factors, since the Ig protein is unchanged. The M3.11 cell line produces an Ig with a polypeptide deletion involving the @entity5498 domain. In this Ig, a 3rd @entity1735 attachment site can be demonstrated. The percentage of radioactivity @entity4823 in the @entity845 domain compared with the total Ig is about 25% instead of 75% as in the wild type. These results suggest that the extent of glycosylation of different sites on Ig can be affected by both cellular factors and structural changes in the Ig protein.

title: Immunoglobulin glycopeptides from an XXXX -producing @entity19 @entity1582 cell line and from variant cell lines.

entities_list: @entity4823 :: ('MESH:D005944', 'Chemical') :: ['glucosamine']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity10986 :: (16016(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IgG2b']


abstract: A @entity19 @entity1582 cell line, 45.6.3, produces an @entity10986 immunoglobulin (Ig) with 2 @entity1735 attachment sites on the heavy chains. One site is in the @entity845 domain and the other in the VH region. The oligosaccharides at each site have different structures. The ratio of radioactive @entity4823 incorporated in the VH compared with the @entity845 oligosaccharide is approximately 1 to 3. In an attempt to understand this observation further, variant cell lines derived from 45.6.3 were isolated and their Ig were characterized. A ricin-resistant line, R4R1.5, has the same 2 attachment sites as the wild type, but the ratio of radioactive @entity4823 in VH compared with @entity845 was 1:1 and not 1:3 as in the wild type. This alteration is most probably due to cellular factors, since the Ig protein is unchanged. The M3.11 cell line produces an Ig with a polypeptide deletion involving the @entity5498 domain. In this Ig, a 3rd @entity1735 attachment site can be demonstrated. The percentage of radioactivity @entity4823 in the @entity845 domain compared with the total Ig is about 25% instead of 75% as in the wild type. These results suggest that the extent of glycosylation of different sites on Ig can be affected by both cellular factors and structural changes in the Ig protein.

title: Immunoglobulin glycopeptides from an @entity10986 -producing @entity19 XXXX cell line and from variant cell lines.

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['myeloma']


abstract: A @entity19 @entity1582 cell line, 45.6.3, produces an @entity10986 immunoglobulin (Ig) with 2 @entity1735 attachment sites on the heavy chains. One site is in the @entity845 domain and the other in the VH region. The oligosaccharides at each site have different structures. The ratio of radioactive @entity4823 incorporated in the VH compared with the @entity845 oligosaccharide is approximately 1 to 3. In an attempt to understand this observation further, variant cell lines derived from 45.6.3 were isolated and their Ig were characterized. A ricin-resistant line, R4R1.5, has the same 2 attachment sites as the wild type, but the ratio of radioactive @entity4823 in VH compared with @entity845 was 1:1 and not 1:3 as in the wild type. This alteration is most probably due to cellular factors, since the Ig protein is unchanged. The M3.11 cell line produces an Ig with a polypeptide deletion involving the @entity5498 domain. In this Ig, a 3rd @entity1735 attachment site can be demonstrated. The percentage of radioactivity @entity4823 in the @entity845 domain compared with the total Ig is about 25% instead of 75% as in the wild type. These results suggest that the extent of glycosylation of different sites on Ig can be affected by both cellular factors and structural changes in the Ig protein.

title: Immunoglobulin glycopeptides from an @entity10986 -producing XXXX @entity1582 cell line and from variant cell lines.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Understanding and improving medication adherence is crucial in @entity6 management. Adherence to a @entity6 regimen can improve glucose control and limit the development of complications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the extent to which a variety of factors influence @entity6 medication adherence. METHODS: A medication adherence survey was made available on WebMD, a medical information website for @entity1 and/or consumers. Respondents were residents of the US, >= 18 years old, and diagnosed with either type 1 or @entity6 (self-reported). RESULTS: Behavioral adherence (self-reported doses missed per week) correlated with perceived adherence ( @entity1 ' self-report of their overall impression of medication adherence, ranked 0-5; P < 0.001). Adherent @entity1 (very few [0%-10%] issues with adherence) were more likely to report having received information from their physician. Mostly adherent @entity1 (few [11%-26%] issues with adherence) were less likely to obtain information from their physician, but reported more medication self-titration. Somewhat non-adherent @entity1 (some [27%-46%] adherence issues) reported more "self-consciousness factors" and @entity4053 . Non-adherent @entity1 (many [47%-88%] adherence issues) were more likely to report worries about medication side effects. CONCLUSIONS: Receiving information from a healthcare provider is associated with greater @entity6 medication adherence, suggesting the importance of clinicians making time to provide @entity1 education.

title: Determinants of adherence to XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: ABSTRACT Aim: In locally @entity43 with bowel involvement appropriate surgical treatment is still controversial. Objective was to delineate factors to select those most likely to benefit from radical surgery in @entity1 with locally @entity43 . Methods: Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated 207 consecutive @entity1 with primary @entity43 who underwent primary surgery between 2000 and 2007. Every @entity1 received stage-related surgery and adjuvant @entity902 -based chemotherapy. Median follow-up was 53.5 months. Data collected included stage, histology, extent of cytoreduction and type of bowel resection. Univariate survival analyses were performed to investigate variables associated with outcome. Results: Optimal cytoreduction (OCR) (R  <= 1  cm) was achieved in 76.8%. Most @entity1 presented histologic grade 2/3 (96.6%), @entity43 (84.1%) and lymph node involvement (52.2%). Complete cytoreduction (R = 0  mm) has significant best prognostic impact in FIGO IIB-IV (p = .026). Regarding bowel involvement, bowel resection was performed in 82 @entity1 (39.6%). In this subgroup of @entity1 complete cytoreduction led to significant better overall survival than R > 0  mm-1  cm, even in FIGO IIIC-IV @entity1 (p = .027); this fact is independent of bowel resection. Noticeably, for survival bowel resection achieving @entity41 mass below 1  cm was also one main prognostic factor and even recurrence rate was associated with @entity41 mass. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the major prognostic factor in @entity1 with @entity43 needing colorectal resection is completeness of cytoreduction. Therefore, in @entity43 @entity1 , multivisceral surgery is indicated to achieve OCR (R  <= 1  cm) with or without bowel resection with best prognostic impact.

title: The Prognostic Role of Optimal Cytoreduction in Advanced, Bowel Infiltrating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['stage IIB-IV ovarian cancer', 'advanced ovarian cancer', 'serous ovarian cancers']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: The effects of timing of a single daily meal on the circadian rhythm of blood @entity1068 clearance rates were investigated in two groups of @entity35 maintained on opposite 12 hours light: 12 hours dark (LD) schedules. Initially, the @entity35 were fed ad libitum. Then feeding was restricted to 4 mid-light (ML) hours for one group and 4 @entity17323 ( @entity17323 ) hours for the other. Finally, the meal timing was reversed; the ML-fed group became the @entity17323 -fed group and vice versa. Following acclimatization to each of the 3 feeding regimens, blood @entity1068 clearance @entity35 ere determined for subgroups (n - 8) of both groups injected (i.p.) with @entity1068 at 5 times during 24-hour spans. The LD schedule synchronized the clearance rate rhythm during ad libitum feeding. Although the rhythm persisted without significant amplitude changes during restricted feeding regimens, minimal clearance rates during ML and @entity17323 feeding approximately the time of food presentation, with maximal rates 8-12 hours later. This relationship remained constant with the feeding phases were reversed. Thus, when food availability is limited, the single daily mean dominates the lighting regimen as synchronizer of the circadian blood @entity1068 clearance rate rhythm.

title: Meal timing dominates the lighting regimen as a synchronizer of the circadian blood XXXX clearance rate rhythm in @entity35 .

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: The effects of timing of a single daily meal on the circadian rhythm of blood @entity1068 clearance rates were investigated in two groups of @entity35 maintained on opposite 12 hours light: 12 hours dark (LD) schedules. Initially, the @entity35 were fed ad libitum. Then feeding was restricted to 4 mid-light (ML) hours for one group and 4 @entity17323 ( @entity17323 ) hours for the other. Finally, the meal timing was reversed; the ML-fed group became the @entity17323 -fed group and vice versa. Following acclimatization to each of the 3 feeding regimens, blood @entity1068 clearance @entity35 ere determined for subgroups (n - 8) of both groups injected (i.p.) with @entity1068 at 5 times during 24-hour spans. The LD schedule synchronized the clearance rate rhythm during ad libitum feeding. Although the rhythm persisted without significant amplitude changes during restricted feeding regimens, minimal clearance rates during ML and @entity17323 feeding approximately the time of food presentation, with maximal rates 8-12 hours later. This relationship remained constant with the feeding phases were reversed. Thus, when food availability is limited, the single daily mean dominates the lighting regimen as synchronizer of the circadian blood @entity1068 clearance rate rhythm.

title: Meal timing dominates the lighting regimen as a synchronizer of the circadian blood @entity1068 clearance rate rhythm in XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: The karyotypes of a Puerto Rican strain of @entity380 and a Kenyan strain of S. rodhaini are similar in number of general morphology. For each species there are eight pairs of chromosomes (2n =16) which are divided into three size groups. C-banded methods revealed, in addition to centromeric heterochromatin, a large @entity616 in one for the No. 2 chromosomes in females but not in the other. Neither No. 2 chromosome of males possessed the @entity616 . This pair (2) is interpreted as the sex chromosomes, with the female being heterogametic (ZW), the male homogametic (ZZ). Differences between karyotypes of the two species occurred. These included a satellite on the No. 3 chromosome of @entity383 and a euchromatic tip on the otherwise heterochromatic short arm of the W chromosome of this species; neither of these was present in S. rodhaini. The two species also differed in that the centromeric index of the Z of @entity383 was smaller than that of the W, whereas in S rodhaini the reverse was true. In @entity383 the large @entity616 of the W chromosome was identified in prophase and interphase nuclei as well as at metaphase.

title: Conventional giemsa and C-banded karyotypes of XXXX and S. rodhaini.

entities_list: @entity383 :: ('99802', 'Species') :: ['S mansoni', 'S. mansoni']

entities_list: @entity380 :: ('6183', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma mansoni']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heterochromatic block']

answer: @entity380 :: (6183,Species) :: ['Schistosoma mansoni']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic resection for transverse @entity694 remains controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for transverse @entity694 . METHODS: A total of 278 @entity1 with transverse @entity694 from a single institution were included. All @entity1 underwent curative surgery, 156 @entity1 underwent laparoscopic resection (LR), and 122 @entity1 underwent open resection (OR). The short- and long-term results were compared between two groups. RESULTS: Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between two groups. Conversions were required in eight (5.1  %) @entity1 . LR group was associated with significantly longer median operating time (180 vs. 140  min; P   <   0.001). Median estimated @entity190 was significantly less in LR group (90 vs. 100  ml; P   =   0.001). Time to first flatus and oral intake was significantly earlier in LR group. Perioperative mortality and morbidity rate were not significantly different between two groups. @entity5 size, number of lymph nodes harvested, length of proximal, and distal resection margin were comparable between two groups. Postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in LR group (9 vs. 10d; P   <   0.001). Five-year disease-free survival and overall survival rate were similar between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic resection for transverse @entity694 is associated with better short-term outcomes and equivalent long-term oncologic outcomes.

title: Outcome of Laparoscopic Versus Open Resection for Transverse XXXX .

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['Colon Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to report the long-term outcomes of cooled radiofrequency (CRF) @entity5036 ( @entity5036 ) as a treatment for sacroiliac (SI) region @entity158 . Whereas the 1-, 3-, 6-, and 9-month outcomes of this procedure compared to sham treatment were previously reported, this current report shows the 12-month outcomes of CRF/ @entity5036 treatment for SI region @entity158 . DESIGN: This study originally included 51 subjects who were randomized 2:1 to receive CRF/ @entity5036 treatment or a sham intervention, respectively, for SI region @entity158 . Subjects and assessors were blinded for 3  months. At that time, sham @entity1 were permitted to receive CRF/ @entity5036 , designated as "crossover" study subjects, and followed for 6 additional months. For the purpose of this evaluation, the original CRF/ @entity5036 -treated study subjects were followed for a total of 12  months. Study @entity1 were 18 to 88  years of age and had chronic (symptomatic for >6  months) @entity615 . All subjects were qualified for study inclusion following positive responses to dual lateral branch blocks. @entity5036 was performed by CRF to ablate the S1 to S3 lateral branches and the L5 dorsal ramus. @entity158 was measured by a numerical rating scale (NRS) and Short Form 36-bodily @entity158 (SF36-BP) scores. The @entity717 index and Short Form 36-physical functioning (SF36-PF) assessment each served to evaluate subject disability. Treatment successes ("responders") in the originally treated CRF/ @entity5036 group at 12  months, and in the crossover group at 6  months, were also determined. RESULTS: In the original CRF/ @entity5036 treatment group, 12-month outcomes compared to baseline were favorable, with a mean 2.7 point drop in the NRS score, a 13.9 decrease in the ODI, and a 15.8 increase in SF-36BP. In the crossover study group, 6-month outcomes were also favorable, with a mean NRS score decrease of 2.5 points, a reduction in ODI of 8.8, and an increase in SF36-BP of 11.9. CONCLUSIONS: These favorable 12-month results illustrate the durability of effective CRF/ @entity5036 -mediated treatment of SI region @entity158 for selected @entity1 . Furthermore, successful CRF/ @entity5036 treatments in unblinded crossover study subjects demonstrate the unlikelihood that such positive outcomes are attributable to a "placebo" effect, and suggest that CRF/ @entity5036 is an effective therapeutic option for alleviating @entity158 , and improving physical function and quality of life, with few complications.

title: Twelve-Month Follow-Up of a Randomized Trial Assessing Cooled Radiofrequency Denervation as a Treatment for Sacroiliac Region XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['axial back pain']

entities_list: @entity5036 :: ('OMIM:113900', 'Disease') :: ['lateral branch neurotomy', 'LBN', 'Lateral branch neurotomy']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry disability']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Owing to applications in the food and nutraceutical industries, inulinases, fructosyltransferases and sucrases have gained considerable attention in recent times. Twenty-five fungal strains were screened for production of these enzymes on three different media formulated using inulin-rich plant extracts prepared from asparagus root, dahlia tuber and dandelion root extract. Culture filtrates of the fungi were examined for hydrolytic activities. Fungi belonging to genus Aspergillus, A. @entity3456 GNCC 2655 (11.3  U/ml), A. awamori MTCC 2879 (8.2  U/ml), A. @entity3456 ATCC 26011 (7.9  U/ml) secreted high titers of inulinase followed by Penicillium sp. NFCCI 2768 (2.6  U/ml) and Penicillium citrinum MTCC 1256 (1.1  U/ml). High sucrase activity was noticed in A. @entity3456 GNCC 2613 (113  U/ml) and A. awamori MTCC 2879 (107.8  U/ml). Analysis of end products of inulinase action by HPLC revealed that most of the enzymes were exo-inulinases liberating @entity948 exclusively from inulin. Five fungi, P. citrinum MTCC 1256, Penicillium rugulosum MTCC 3487, Penicillium sp. NFCCI 2768, A. fumigatus GNCC 1351 and A. @entity3456 ATCC 26011 however, produced a mixture of endo- and exo-inulinases liberating oligosaccharides (GF3 and GF2) along with @entity948 . High inulinase/sucrase yielding strains were evaluated for extracellular and intracellular hydrolytic and transfructosylating activities and intracellular enzyme profiles were found to be considerably different in terms of titers and end products.

title: Production of inulinase, fructosyltransferase and sucrase from fungi on low-value inulin-rich substrates and their use in generation of XXXX and fructo-oligosaccharides.

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

answer: @entity948 :: (MESH:D005632,Chemical) :: ['fructose']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Objectives: Exploratory pilot study to determine the correlation between @entity1109 and vaginal cytokine levels. Methods: Postmenopausal @entity1 (n   =   34) not using menopausal hormone therapy and presenting with or without symptoms of @entity146 were screened. Each @entity1 underwent a vaginal examination and screening for @entity365 . A cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) with sterile saline and a peripheral blood sample were obtained. Main outcome measures were assessed by Luminex   X-map method on the Bio-Plex   platform. Main outcome measures were cervicovaginal and serum @entity3646 , @entity225 , @entity688 , IL-12, @entity4047 , @entity310 , @entity2841 , @entity10557 and @entity5737 level. Cervicovaginale cytokines were adjusted to total protein concentration [pg/mcg protein]. Results: Twenty-six postmenopausal @entity1 were enrolled (symptomatic: n   =   15; asymptomatic: n   =   11). There were no significant differences between groups: age, age at menopause, vaginal pH and all CVL and serum cytokines ( @entity3646 , @entity225 , @entity688 , IL-12, @entity4047 , @entity310 , @entity2841 , @entity10557 and @entity5737 ). @entity2841 was the most abundant vaginal cytokine (symptomatic: 146.5        165.6   pg/mcg protein; asymptomatic: 146.0        173.5   pg/mcg protein; p   =   0.99). Conclusions: Postmenopausal vulvovaginal symptoms did not correlate with vaginal inflammatory marker. There was no difference in serum or CVL cytokines between symptomatic and asymptomatic postmenopasual @entity1 . Vaginal symptoms after menopause are not related to the vaginal cytokine changes associated with loss of @entity172 .

title: Vaginal cytokines do not correlate with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginal irritation']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal vulvovaginal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginitis']

answer: @entity1109 :: (MESH:D012678,Disease) :: ['postmenopausal vulvovaginal symptoms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effect of graciloplasty using two different gracilis encircled loops and to research the better method for the treatment of @entity1241 after anoplasty for imperforate anus. METHODS: Clinical data of 38 @entity322 @entity1 with @entity600 undergoing graciloplasty in our hospitals from January 2009 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty @entity1 received the modified surgery in which the gracilis muscle was transposed anticlockwise into a circum-anal tunnel with a U-loop and its tendon secured to the ipsilateral pectineal ligament. Eighteen @entity1 received the traditional surgery in which the gracilis muscle was wrapped clockwise around the anus with a y-loop and its tendon secured to the contralateral periosteum of ischial tuberosity or pectineal ligament. All the @entity1 were evaluated via Wexner score and anal manometry before surgery and 2 weeks, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery. In addition, it was assessed whether the @entity1 had difficulty defecating while squatting after surgery. RESULTS: Generalized estimating equations showed that the Wexner score in two groups gradually decreased after surgery(P=0.000), but there was no significant difference between two groups(P=0.554). At 2 weeks, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery, there were respectively 4 cases(20.0%), 3 cases(15.0%), 2 cases(10.0%), 1 case(5.0%), who showed squatting difficult defecation in the U-loop group, and 10 cases(55.6%), 12 cases(66.7%), 10 cases(55.6%), 8 cases(44.4%) in the y-loop group. The probability of squatting difficult defecation in U-loop group was significantly lower compared to y-loop group(P=0.002), but the probability of squatting difficult defecation in two groups did not obviously change with time(P=0.057). Repeated measures ANOVA showed that anal resting pressure, anal maximal squeeze pressure, duration of anal squeeze, and rectal maximum tolerable volume in two groups were gradually improved after surgery (all P<0.01), but there were no significant differences between two groups(all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Graciloplasty with different gracilis loops can improve anal function. However, U-loop can better improve difficult defecating while squatting, and is worthwhile for spreading in clinical practice.

title: [Effects of different gracilis loops in graciloplasty on XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['fecal incontinence']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anal malformation']

answer: @entity1241 :: (MESH:D005242,Disease) :: ['congenital fecal incontinence']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) after the resection of brain metastases remains undefined. We evaluated the outcomes of postoperative GKS to the @entity5 bed after the resection of brain @entity3 compared with GKS alone without resection in the same @entity1 . METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 24 @entity1 who underwent GKS to the @entity5 bed after the resection of brain metastases. In this cohort, 25 metastatic lesions were treated with postoperative GKS, and 37 brain metastatic lesions were simultaneously managed with GKS alone without resection. RESULTS: The median target volume and marginal dose of GKS to the surgical bed were 10.5 cm(3) and 15.0 Gy, respectively. The median target volume and marginal dose of GKS alone for the metastatic lesions were 0.5 cm(3) and 21.0 Gy, respectively. The actuarial 1-year and 2-year overall survival of the @entity1 were 43.1% and 28.7%, respectively. The median overall survival of all @entity1 was 11 months. The actuarial 6-month and 12-month local progression-free survival of GKS alone for metastatic lesions without resection were 92.6% and 84.9%; however, the actuarial 6-month and 12-month local progression-free survival of GKS to the surgical bed were 82% and 71%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1 with brain metastases treated with surgical resection, postoperative GKS to the resection area is an effective and safe treatment option. Particularly, concurrent postoperative GKS to the surgical cavity with GKS alone for multiple small metastatic lesions is a feasible treatment strategy for multiple brain metastases.

title: Effectiveness of Postoperative Gamma Knife Radiosurgery to the Tumor Bed After Resection of Brain XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To summarize data on long-term ipsilateral local recurrence (LR) and @entity0 death rate (BCDR) for @entity1 with @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) who received different treatments. METHODS: Systematic review and study-level meta-analysis of prospective (n   =   5) and retrospective (n   =   21) studies of @entity1 with pure @entity3821 and with median or mean follow-up time of >= 10  years. Meta-regression was performed to assess and adjust for effects of potential confounders - the average age of @entity1 , period of initial treatment, and of bias - follow-up duration on recurrence- and death-rates in each treatment group. LR and BCDR rates by local treatment used were reported. Outside of randomized trials, remaining studies were likely to have tailored @entity1 treatment according to the clinical situation. RESULTS: Nine thousand four hundred and four @entity3821 cases in 9391 @entity1 with 10-year follow-up were included. The adjusted meta-regression LR rate for mastectomy was 2.6  % (95 % CI, 0.8-4.5); breast-conserving surgery with radiotherapy (RT), 13.6  % (95 % CI, 9.8-17.4); breast-conserving surgery without RT, 25.5  % (95 % CI, 18.1-32.9); and biopsy-only (residual predominately low-grade @entity3821 following inadequate excision), 27.8  % (95 % CI, 8.4-47.1). RT   +   @entity440 ( @entity16235 ) in conservation surgery (CS) @entity1 resulted in lower LR compared to one or no adjuvant treatments: LR rate for CS   +   RT   +   @entity16235 , 9.7  %; CS   +   RT(no @entity16235 ), 14.1  %; CS   +   @entity16235 (no RT), 24.7  %; CS(alone), 25.1  % (linear trend for treatment P   <   0.0001). Compared to CS   +   RT   +   @entity16235 , a significantly higher invasive LR was observed for CS(alone), odds ratio (OR) 2.61 (P   <   0.0001); CS   +   @entity16235 (no RT), OR 2.52 (P   =   0.001); CS   +   RT(no @entity16235 ), OR 1.59 (P   =   0.022). BCDR was similar for mastectomy, breast-conserving surgery with or without RT (1.3-2.0  %) and non-significantly higher for biopsy-only (2.7  %). Additionally, the 15-year follow-up was reported where all like-studies had   >=    15-year data sets; the biopsy-only @entity1 had a meta-analysed total LR rate of 40.2  % and the invasive LR rate was 28.1  %. The biopsy-only @entity1 had a   >=    15-year BCDR (that included @entity1 with @entity3 ) of 17.9  %; the   >=    15-year BCDR was 55.2  % for those with invasive LR. CONCLUSIONS: More local intervention was associated with greater local control for @entity1 with @entity3821 at long-term follow-up. For @entity1 undergoing breast-conservation, invasive LR was significantly lower when two rather than one adjuvant treatment modalities were given.

title: Long-term outcomes of XXXX of the breast: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity3821 :: (MESH:D002285,Disease) :: ['ductal carcinoma in situ']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of long-term @entity455 can be linked to the intrauterine environment, and maternal nutrition during gestation plays a critical role in the future vascular health of offspring. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that a high-energy (HE) gestational diet, HE post-weaning diet, or their combination will lead to @entity409 in offspring. METHODS: Duroc * Landrace gilts (n   =   16) were assigned to either a HE (10,144 Kcal/day, n   =   8) or normal energy (NE: 6721 Kcal/day, n   =   8) diet throughout pregnancy. Piglets were placed on either a NE or HE diet during the growth phase. At 3  months of age femoral arteries were harvested from offspring (n   =   47). Endothelial-dependent and -independent vasorelaxation was measured utilizing wire-myography and increasing concentrations of bradykinin (BK) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively. RESULTS: BK and SNP induced vasorelaxation were significantly reduced in the femoral arteries of gestational HE offspring. However, no effect for the post-weaning diet on BK and SNP induced vasorelaxation was seen. This investigation demonstrates that a HE diet prenatally diminishes both BK and SNP induced vasorelaxation in @entity1707 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a HE gestational diet can play a critical role in the development of offspring's vascular function, predisposing them to @entity409 . This dysfunction may lead to @entity731 development later in life.

title: Impact of excess gestational and post-weaning energy intake on vascular function of XXXX offspring.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic disease']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['swine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Assess reported risk of suicide attempts by @entity1 with @entity162 ( @entity1605 ). METHOD: Systematic searching yielded 101 reports from 22 countries (79  937 subjects). We analyzed for risk (%) and incidence rates (%/year) of attempts, comparing sex and diagnostic types, including by meta-analysis. RESULTS: Attempt risk averaged 31.1% [CI: 27.9-34.3] of subjects, or 4.24 [3.78-4.70]%/year. In @entity1605 -I (43 studies) and @entity1605 subjects (30 studies), risks (29.9%, 31.4%) and incidence rates (4.01, 4.11%/year) were similar and not different by meta-analysis. Among @entity1 vs. @entity1 , risks (33.7% vs. 25.5%) and incidence (4.50 vs. 3.21%/year) were greater (also supported by meta-analysis: RR  =  1.35 [CI: 1.25-1.45], P  <  0.0001). Neither measure was related to reporting year, % @entity1 /study, or to onset or current age. Risks were greater with longer exposure, whereas incidence rates decreased with longer time at risk, possibly through 'dilution' by longer exposure. CONCLUSION: This systematic update of international experience underscores high risks of suicide attempts among @entity1 with @entity1605 ( @entity1605 -I  =  @entity1605 ; @entity1  >  @entity1 ). Future studies should routinely include exposure times and incidence rates by diagnostic type and sex for those who attempt suicide or not.

title: Suicide attempts in XXXX : comprehensive review of 101 reports.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

answer: @entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['bipolar disorders']


abstract: PURPOSE: Based on a nation-wide database, this study analysed the influence of @entity1499 ( @entity6822 ), @entity2874 inhibitors and a combination of the two on @entity1596 occurrence in JIA @entity1 . METHODS: Data from the National Paediatric Rheumatological Database in Germany were used in this study. Between 2002 and 2013, data from JIA @entity1 were annually documented at the participating paediatric rheumatological sites. @entity1 with @entity66 duration of less than 12 months at initial documentation and >= 2 years of follow-up were included in this study. The impact of anti-inflammatory treatment on the occurrence of @entity1596 was evaluated by discrete-time survival analysis. RESULTS: A total of 3,512 JIA @entity1 (mean age 8.3  4.8 years, female 65.7%, ANA-positive 53.2%, mean age at @entity625 onset 7.8  4.8 years) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Mean total follow-up time was 3.6  2.4 years. @entity1596 developed in a total of 180 @entity1 (5.1%) within one year after @entity625 onset. @entity1596 onset after the first year was observed in another 251 @entity1 (7.1%). DMARD treatment in the year before @entity1596 onset significantly reduced the risk for @entity1596 : @entity6822 (HR 0.63, p=0.022), @entity2874 inhibitors (HR 0.56, p<0.001) and a combination of the two (HR 0.10, p<0.001). @entity1 treated with @entity6822 within the first year of JIA had an even a lower @entity1596 risk (HR 0.29, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The use of DMARDs in JIA @entity1 significantly reduced the risk for @entity1596 onset. Early @entity6822 use within the first year of disease and the combination of @entity6822 with a @entity2874 inhibitor had the highest protective effect. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Impact of anti-inflammatory treatment on the onset of XXXX in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Longitudinal analysis from a nation-wide paediatric rheumatological database.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['JIA disease']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1596 :: ('MESH:D014605', 'Disease') :: ['Uveitis', 'uveitis']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['uveitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) is a serious disease. The gut microbiota has recently been identified as a new potential risk factor in addition to well-known @entity6 risk factors. To investigate the gut microbiota composition in association with the dietary patterns in @entity1 with different @entity413 tolerance we analyzed 92 @entity1 : with normal @entity413 tolerance (n=48), @entity5710 ( @entity5710 , n=24), @entity2175 (n=20). Metagenomic analysis was performed using 16SrRNA sequencing. The diet has been studied by a frequency method with a quantitative evaluation of food intake using a computer program. Microbiota in the samples was predominantly represented by Firmicutes, in a less degree by Bacteroidetes. Blautia was a dominanting genus in all samples. The representation of Blautia, @entity34565 was lower in @entity5710 than in @entity2175 @entity1 , and even lower in those with normal @entity413 tolerance. After the clustering of the samples into groups according to the percentage of protein, fat, @entity3363 in the diet, the representation of the Bacteroides turned to be lower and Prevotella abundance turned to be higher in @entity1735 cluster. There were more @entity1 with insulin resistance, @entity2175 in the fat-protein cluster. Using the Calinski-Harabasz index identified the samples with more similar diets. It was discovered that half of the @entity1 with a high-fat diet had normal tolerance, the others had @entity2175 . The regression analysis showed that these @entity2175 @entity1 also had a higher representation of Blautia. Our study provides the further evidence concerning the structural modulation of the gut microbiota in the T2DM pathogenesis depending on the dietary patterns.

title: Gut microbiota and diet in @entity1 with different XXXX tolerance.

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['T2D', 'Type 2 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes', 'preD']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) is a serious disease. The gut microbiota has recently been identified as a new potential risk factor in addition to well-known @entity6 risk factors. To investigate the gut microbiota composition in association with the dietary patterns in @entity1 with different @entity413 tolerance we analyzed 92 @entity1 : with normal @entity413 tolerance (n=48), @entity5710 ( @entity5710 , n=24), @entity2175 (n=20). Metagenomic analysis was performed using 16SrRNA sequencing. The diet has been studied by a frequency method with a quantitative evaluation of food intake using a computer program. Microbiota in the samples was predominantly represented by Firmicutes, in a less degree by Bacteroidetes. Blautia was a dominanting genus in all samples. The representation of Blautia, @entity34565 was lower in @entity5710 than in @entity2175 @entity1 , and even lower in those with normal @entity413 tolerance. After the clustering of the samples into groups according to the percentage of protein, fat, @entity3363 in the diet, the representation of the Bacteroides turned to be lower and Prevotella abundance turned to be higher in @entity1735 cluster. There were more @entity1 with insulin resistance, @entity2175 in the fat-protein cluster. Using the Calinski-Harabasz index identified the samples with more similar diets. It was discovered that half of the @entity1 with a high-fat diet had normal tolerance, the others had @entity2175 . The regression analysis showed that these @entity2175 @entity1 also had a higher representation of Blautia. Our study provides the further evidence concerning the structural modulation of the gut microbiota in the T2DM pathogenesis depending on the dietary patterns.

title: Gut microbiota and diet in XXXX with different @entity413 tolerance.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity908 ( @entity8818 ) is naturally produced in the body and stored in muscles where it is involved in energy generation. It is widely used, especially by athletes, as a staple supplement for improving physical performance. Recent reports have shown that @entity8818 displays antioxidant activity which could explain its beneficial cellular effects. We have evaluated the ability of @entity8818 to protect @entity1 erythrocytes and lymphocytes against oxidative damage. Erythrocytes were challenged with model oxidants, @entity33028 (AAPH) and @entity273 ( @entity5568 ) in the presence and absence of @entity8818 . Incubation of erythrocytes with oxidant alone increased @entity2142 , @entity3961 levels, lipid peroxidation and protein @entity6738 content. This was accompanied by decrease in @entity2041 levels. Antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant power of the cell were compromised while the activity of membrane bound enzyme was lowered. This suggests induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by AAPH and @entity5568 . However, @entity8818 protected the erythrocytes by ameliorating the AAPH and @entity5568 induced changes in these parameters. This protective effect was confirmed by electron microscopic analysis which showed that oxidant-induced cell damage was attenuated by @entity8818 . No cellular alterations were induced by @entity8818 alone even at 20 mM, the highest concentration used. @entity1011 , a by-product of @entity8818 metabolism, was also shown to exert protective effects, although it was slightly less effective than @entity8818 . @entity1 lymphocytes were similarly treated with @entity5568 in absence and presence of different concentrations of @entity8818 . Lymphocytes incubated with oxidant alone had alterations in various biochemical and antioxidant parameters including decrease in cell viability and induction of DNA damage. The presence of @entity8818 attenuated all these @entity5568 -induced changes in lymphocytes. Thus, @entity8818 can function as a blood antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage, genotoxicity and can potentially increase their lifespan.

title: Diminution of Oxidative Damage to @entity1 Erythrocytes and Lymphocytes by XXXX : Possible Role of @entity908 in Blood.

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatine']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity33028 :: ('MESH:C046728', 'Chemical') :: ["2, 2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride"]

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatinine']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity6738 :: ('CHEBI:23019', 'Chemical') :: ['carbonyl']

answer: @entity908 :: (MESH:D003401,Chemical) :: ['Creatine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity908 ( @entity8818 ) is naturally produced in the body and stored in muscles where it is involved in energy generation. It is widely used, especially by athletes, as a staple supplement for improving physical performance. Recent reports have shown that @entity8818 displays antioxidant activity which could explain its beneficial cellular effects. We have evaluated the ability of @entity8818 to protect @entity1 erythrocytes and lymphocytes against oxidative damage. Erythrocytes were challenged with model oxidants, @entity33028 (AAPH) and @entity273 ( @entity5568 ) in the presence and absence of @entity8818 . Incubation of erythrocytes with oxidant alone increased @entity2142 , @entity3961 levels, lipid peroxidation and protein @entity6738 content. This was accompanied by decrease in @entity2041 levels. Antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant power of the cell were compromised while the activity of membrane bound enzyme was lowered. This suggests induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by AAPH and @entity5568 . However, @entity8818 protected the erythrocytes by ameliorating the AAPH and @entity5568 induced changes in these parameters. This protective effect was confirmed by electron microscopic analysis which showed that oxidant-induced cell damage was attenuated by @entity8818 . No cellular alterations were induced by @entity8818 alone even at 20 mM, the highest concentration used. @entity1011 , a by-product of @entity8818 metabolism, was also shown to exert protective effects, although it was slightly less effective than @entity8818 . @entity1 lymphocytes were similarly treated with @entity5568 in absence and presence of different concentrations of @entity8818 . Lymphocytes incubated with oxidant alone had alterations in various biochemical and antioxidant parameters including decrease in cell viability and induction of DNA damage. The presence of @entity8818 attenuated all these @entity5568 -induced changes in lymphocytes. Thus, @entity8818 can function as a blood antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage, genotoxicity and can potentially increase their lifespan.

title: Diminution of Oxidative Damage to @entity1 Erythrocytes and Lymphocytes by @entity908 : Possible Role of XXXX in Blood.

answer: @entity908 :: (MESH:D003401,Chemical) :: ['Creatine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity908 ( @entity8818 ) is naturally produced in the body and stored in muscles where it is involved in energy generation. It is widely used, especially by athletes, as a staple supplement for improving physical performance. Recent reports have shown that @entity8818 displays antioxidant activity which could explain its beneficial cellular effects. We have evaluated the ability of @entity8818 to protect @entity1 erythrocytes and lymphocytes against oxidative damage. Erythrocytes were challenged with model oxidants, @entity33028 (AAPH) and @entity273 ( @entity5568 ) in the presence and absence of @entity8818 . Incubation of erythrocytes with oxidant alone increased @entity2142 , @entity3961 levels, lipid peroxidation and protein @entity6738 content. This was accompanied by decrease in @entity2041 levels. Antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant power of the cell were compromised while the activity of membrane bound enzyme was lowered. This suggests induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by AAPH and @entity5568 . However, @entity8818 protected the erythrocytes by ameliorating the AAPH and @entity5568 induced changes in these parameters. This protective effect was confirmed by electron microscopic analysis which showed that oxidant-induced cell damage was attenuated by @entity8818 . No cellular alterations were induced by @entity8818 alone even at 20 mM, the highest concentration used. @entity1011 , a by-product of @entity8818 metabolism, was also shown to exert protective effects, although it was slightly less effective than @entity8818 . @entity1 lymphocytes were similarly treated with @entity5568 in absence and presence of different concentrations of @entity8818 . Lymphocytes incubated with oxidant alone had alterations in various biochemical and antioxidant parameters including decrease in cell viability and induction of DNA damage. The presence of @entity8818 attenuated all these @entity5568 -induced changes in lymphocytes. Thus, @entity8818 can function as a blood antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage, genotoxicity and can potentially increase their lifespan.

title: Diminution of Oxidative Damage to XXXX Erythrocytes and Lymphocytes by @entity908 : Possible Role of @entity908 in Blood.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aims to assess the effects and outcomes of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for @entity27 ( @entity27 ) in @entity1 who have undergone endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). DESIGN: Retrospective series in a university setting. @entity1 : A total of 205 consecutive @entity1 were included in this study. METHODS: A 10-year retrospective review was performed of 205 consecutive @entity1 who had undergone powered endoscopic DCR for nasolacrimal duct obstruction. @entity1 notes were reviewed for demographic, clinical and surgical information. In addition, all @entity1 were contacted and asked to complete a standardized telephone survey relating to @entity27 , CPAP use and associated symptoms. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Effects of CPAP following DCR. RESULTS: Ten of the 205 @entity1 undergoing DCR were identified to use CPAP for @entity27 . Eight @entity1 were initiated on a nasal device, while two used a full-face mask. The mean CPAP pressures were 8 cm H20 (range: 6-10 cm H20). Eighty percent (8/10) of @entity1 complained of symptoms from the use of their CPAP following DCR. The most commonly described symptom was that of air regurgitation in 70% of @entity1 followed by ophthalmic symptoms in 60% (6/10). 50% (5/10) of @entity1 discontinued their CPAP as a consequence of their symptoms with 20% (2/10) discontinuing because of intolerable ophthalmic symptoms. CONCLUSION: Symptoms from CPAP use post-endoscopic DCR are a common occurrence and may contribute to poor compliance with CPAP therapy. Detailed preoperative counseling with regards to CPAP use and its effects should be mandatory in known or at risk @entity27 @entity1 undergoing DCR.

title: Endoscopic XXXX : the effects and outcomes of continuous positive airway pressure therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnoea', 'OSA']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['dacryocystorhinostomy and obstructive sleep apnoea']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: The Bracing in @entity1615 Trial (BrAIST) included skeletally immature high risk @entity1 with @entity1615 ( @entity1615 ) with moderate curve sizes (20- 40). BrAIST was a multicenter, controlled trial using both randomized and preference treatment arms into either an observation group or a brace treatment group. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to analyze and compare body image and quality-of-life (QOL) in female @entity1615 @entity1 who were observed or treated with a brace. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Brace treatment is an effective means for controlling progressive @entity1635 and preventing the need for surgery, but there is no consensus regarding the effect of brace treatment on body image or on QOL in adolescents with @entity1615 . METHODS: Data from female BrAIST @entity1 in the randomized (n=132) or preference (n=187) arms and were observed (n=120) or brace treated (n=199) were analyzed. @entity1 completed the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ) and the PedsQOL4.0 Generic Scales at baseline and six month follow-up visits up to two years. Items on the SAQ measured three body image constructs (self, ideal, overall). The PedsQOL measured health, activities, feelings, social factors, and school. RESULTS: In general, there were no significant differences within or between study arms or treatments regarding body image or QOL through two years of follow-up. Poorer body image was significantly correlated with poorer QOL during the first two years of follow-up regardless of study arm or treatment. @entity1 that crossed-over to a different treatment and @entity1 with largest Cobb angles >=  40 degrees had significantly poorer body image, in particular self-body image, compared to those that did not. CONCLUSION: This study does not support findings from previous research indicating that wearing a brace has a negative impact on or is negatively impacted by body image or QOL. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

title: Body Image and Quality-of-Life in Untreated Versus Brace-Treated Females with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis', 'AIS', 'adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

answer: @entity1615 :: (OMIM:181800,Disease) :: ['Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis']


abstract: AIM: Several HLA alleles have been associated with @entity734 ( @entity734 )-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) in different populations; however, this has not been investigated in @entity10535 ( @entity10535 ). Thus, the purpose of this preliminary study was to determine the association of HLA class I alleles with AED-induced cADRs in @entity10535 @entity1 . MATERIALS _ METHODS: This case-control association study included 21 @entity10535 @entity1 with @entity3174 ( @entity29597 )-, @entity2049 ( @entity2050 )-, or @entity2812 (LTG)-induced @entity1910 ( @entity1910 ) or @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ); 31 @entity10535 @entity1 tolerant to the same @entity734 ; and 225 unrelated, healthy @entity10535 volunteers. HLA class I genotyping was performed. Differences in HLA allele frequencies between AED-induced cADR @entity1 and AED-tolerant @entity1 were assessed. Frequencies of alleles possibly associated with AED-induced cADRs in @entity10535 @entity1 were compared with those in @entity10535 population. RESULTS: The frequency of @entity18698 *08:01 allele in @entity29597 -induced @entity1910 was higher than that in the @entity29597 -tolerant group (pc = 0.0179) or in the @entity10535 population (pc < 0.0001). For the first time, @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype was associated with LTG-induced @entity1910 (pc = 0.0048 for LTG-tolerant groups and pc < 0.0001 for @entity10535 population). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest the @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype may be a biomarker for LTG-induced @entity1910 and the @entity18698 *08:01 allele for @entity29597 -induced @entity1910 . We also identified @entity1529 *01:01:01 and -A*31:01:02 as candidates alleles associated with @entity2050 -induced @entity1910 in @entity10535 @entity1 . However, further investigations are necessary to confirm these findings. Original submitted 28 March 2014; Revision submitted 15 September 2014.

title: XXXX *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype associated with @entity2812 -induced @entity1910 in Mexican Mestizo @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2812 :: ('MESH:C047781', 'Chemical') :: ['lamotrigine']

entities_list: @entity6715 :: ('MESH:D013262', 'Disease') :: ['SJS', 'Stevens-Johnson syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['maculopapular exanthema', 'MPE']

entities_list: @entity10535 :: ('MESH:C563087', 'Disease') :: ['Mexican Mestizos', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['AEDs', 'antiepileptic drugs']

answer: @entity1529 :: (3105,Gene) :: ['HLA-A']


abstract: AIM: Several HLA alleles have been associated with @entity734 ( @entity734 )-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) in different populations; however, this has not been investigated in @entity10535 ( @entity10535 ). Thus, the purpose of this preliminary study was to determine the association of HLA class I alleles with AED-induced cADRs in @entity10535 @entity1 . MATERIALS _ METHODS: This case-control association study included 21 @entity10535 @entity1 with @entity3174 ( @entity29597 )-, @entity2049 ( @entity2050 )-, or @entity2812 (LTG)-induced @entity1910 ( @entity1910 ) or @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ); 31 @entity10535 @entity1 tolerant to the same @entity734 ; and 225 unrelated, healthy @entity10535 volunteers. HLA class I genotyping was performed. Differences in HLA allele frequencies between AED-induced cADR @entity1 and AED-tolerant @entity1 were assessed. Frequencies of alleles possibly associated with AED-induced cADRs in @entity10535 @entity1 were compared with those in @entity10535 population. RESULTS: The frequency of @entity18698 *08:01 allele in @entity29597 -induced @entity1910 was higher than that in the @entity29597 -tolerant group (pc = 0.0179) or in the @entity10535 population (pc < 0.0001). For the first time, @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype was associated with LTG-induced @entity1910 (pc = 0.0048 for LTG-tolerant groups and pc < 0.0001 for @entity10535 population). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest the @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype may be a biomarker for LTG-induced @entity1910 and the @entity18698 *08:01 allele for @entity29597 -induced @entity1910 . We also identified @entity1529 *01:01:01 and -A*31:01:02 as candidates alleles associated with @entity2050 -induced @entity1910 in @entity10535 @entity1 . However, further investigations are necessary to confirm these findings. Original submitted 28 March 2014; Revision submitted 15 September 2014.

title: @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype associated with XXXX -induced @entity1910 in Mexican Mestizo @entity1 .

answer: @entity2812 :: (MESH:C047781,Chemical) :: ['lamotrigine']


abstract: AIM: Several HLA alleles have been associated with @entity734 ( @entity734 )-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) in different populations; however, this has not been investigated in @entity10535 ( @entity10535 ). Thus, the purpose of this preliminary study was to determine the association of HLA class I alleles with AED-induced cADRs in @entity10535 @entity1 . MATERIALS _ METHODS: This case-control association study included 21 @entity10535 @entity1 with @entity3174 ( @entity29597 )-, @entity2049 ( @entity2050 )-, or @entity2812 (LTG)-induced @entity1910 ( @entity1910 ) or @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ); 31 @entity10535 @entity1 tolerant to the same @entity734 ; and 225 unrelated, healthy @entity10535 volunteers. HLA class I genotyping was performed. Differences in HLA allele frequencies between AED-induced cADR @entity1 and AED-tolerant @entity1 were assessed. Frequencies of alleles possibly associated with AED-induced cADRs in @entity10535 @entity1 were compared with those in @entity10535 population. RESULTS: The frequency of @entity18698 *08:01 allele in @entity29597 -induced @entity1910 was higher than that in the @entity29597 -tolerant group (pc = 0.0179) or in the @entity10535 population (pc < 0.0001). For the first time, @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype was associated with LTG-induced @entity1910 (pc = 0.0048 for LTG-tolerant groups and pc < 0.0001 for @entity10535 population). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest the @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype may be a biomarker for LTG-induced @entity1910 and the @entity18698 *08:01 allele for @entity29597 -induced @entity1910 . We also identified @entity1529 *01:01:01 and -A*31:01:02 as candidates alleles associated with @entity2050 -induced @entity1910 in @entity10535 @entity1 . However, further investigations are necessary to confirm these findings. Original submitted 28 March 2014; Revision submitted 15 September 2014.

title: @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype associated with @entity2812 -induced XXXX in Mexican Mestizo @entity1 .

answer: @entity1910 :: (MESH:D005076,Disease) :: ['maculopapular exanthema']


abstract: AIM: Several HLA alleles have been associated with @entity734 ( @entity734 )-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) in different populations; however, this has not been investigated in @entity10535 ( @entity10535 ). Thus, the purpose of this preliminary study was to determine the association of HLA class I alleles with AED-induced cADRs in @entity10535 @entity1 . MATERIALS _ METHODS: This case-control association study included 21 @entity10535 @entity1 with @entity3174 ( @entity29597 )-, @entity2049 ( @entity2050 )-, or @entity2812 (LTG)-induced @entity1910 ( @entity1910 ) or @entity6715 ( @entity6715 ); 31 @entity10535 @entity1 tolerant to the same @entity734 ; and 225 unrelated, healthy @entity10535 volunteers. HLA class I genotyping was performed. Differences in HLA allele frequencies between AED-induced cADR @entity1 and AED-tolerant @entity1 were assessed. Frequencies of alleles possibly associated with AED-induced cADRs in @entity10535 @entity1 were compared with those in @entity10535 population. RESULTS: The frequency of @entity18698 *08:01 allele in @entity29597 -induced @entity1910 was higher than that in the @entity29597 -tolerant group (pc = 0.0179) or in the @entity10535 population (pc < 0.0001). For the first time, @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype was associated with LTG-induced @entity1910 (pc = 0.0048 for LTG-tolerant groups and pc < 0.0001 for @entity10535 population). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest the @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype may be a biomarker for LTG-induced @entity1910 and the @entity18698 *08:01 allele for @entity29597 -induced @entity1910 . We also identified @entity1529 *01:01:01 and -A*31:01:02 as candidates alleles associated with @entity2050 -induced @entity1910 in @entity10535 @entity1 . However, further investigations are necessary to confirm these findings. Original submitted 28 March 2014; Revision submitted 15 September 2014.

title: @entity1529 *02:01:01/-B*35:01:01/-C*04:01:01 haplotype associated with @entity2812 -induced @entity1910 in Mexican Mestizo XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN.: Retrospective administrative database analysis. OBJECTIVE.: To investigate the incidence and characteristics of pediatric cervical @entity130 utilizing the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA.: Pediatric cervical @entity130 (PCSI) is debilitating, but comprehensive analyses have been difficult due to its rarity. There have been a few database studies on PCSI; however, the studies employed databases that suffer from selection bias. METHODS.: The triennial KID was queried from years 2000 to 2012 using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes. Pediatric admissions were divided into five age groups reflecting different developmental stages. PCSI was analyzed in terms of trend, demographics, injury characteristics, hospital characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes variables. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for PCSI among @entity130 admissions and to identify independent risk factors for mortality among PCSI admissions. RESULTS.: Over the past decade, the overall prevalence of traumatic PCSI was 2.07%, and the mortality rate was 4.87%. Most frequent cause of PCSI was transportation accidents, accounting for 57.51%. Upper c- @entity130 (C1-C4), cervical @entity174 with @entity1566 , @entity1566 without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA), and dislocation showed a decreasing trend with age. Some comorbidities, including, but not limited to, fluid and electrolyte disorders, and @entity912 were common across all age groups while substance abuse showed a bimodal distribution. Independent risk factors for PCSI after @entity130 were older cohorts, non-Northeast region, and transportation accidents. For mortality after PCSI, independent risk factors were younger cohorts, transportation accidents, upper c- @entity130 , dislocation, and @entity1566 . Median length of stay and cost were 3.84 days and  14,742. CONCLUSION.: Pediatric @entity1 are highly heterogeneous, constantly undergoing behavioral, environmental, and anatomical changes. PCSI after @entity130 is more common among older cohorts; however, mortality after sustaining PCSI is higher among younger @entity1 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

title: Pediatric Cervical Spine and XXXX : A National Database Study.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injuries', 'spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['spine injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 recovering from anesthesia are at risk of life threatening @entity86 ( @entity86 ). @entity86 events are rare, and so the study of @entity86 requires the analysis of long cardiorespiratory records. Manual scoring is the preferred method of analysis for these data, but it is limited by low intra- and inter-scorer repeatability. Furthermore, recommended scoring rules do not provide a comprehensive description of the respiratory patterns. This work describes a set of manual scoring tools that address these limitations. These tools include: (i) a set of definitions and scoring rules for 6 mutually exclusive, unique patterns that fully characterize @entity1 respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) signals; (ii) RIPScore, a graphical, manual scoring software to apply these rules to @entity1 data; (iii) a library of data segments representing each of the 6 patterns; (iv) a fully automated, interactive formal training protocol to standardize the analysis and establish intra- and inter-scorer repeatability; and (v) a quality control method to monitor scorer ongoing performance over time. To evaluate these tools, three scorers from varied backgrounds were recruited and trained to reach a performance level similar to that of an expert. These scorers used RIPScore to analyze data from @entity1 at risk of @entity86 in two separate, independent instances. Scorers performed with high accuracy and consistency, analyzed data efficiently, had very good intra- and inter-scorer repeatability, and exhibited only minor confusion between patterns. These results indicate that our tools represent an excellent method for the analysis of respiratory patterns in long data records. Although the tools were developed for the study of @entity86 , their use extends to any study of respiratory patterns using RIP (e.g., sleep @entity386 , extubation readiness). Moreover, by establishing and monitoring scorer repeatability, our tools enable the analysis of large data sets by multiple scorers, which is essential for longitudinal and multicenter studies.

title: Scoring Tools for the Analysis of XXXX Respiratory Inductive Plethysmography Signals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['POA', 'Postoperative Apnea']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infant']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A newly developed recombinant factor IX (BAX326(1) ) was investigated for prophylactic use in paediatric @entity1 aged <12  years with severe ( @entity4682 level <1%) or moderately severe ( @entity4682 level 1-2%) @entity4777 . The aim of this prospective clinical trial was to assess the safety, haemostatic efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile of BAX326 in previously treated paediatric @entity1 . BAX326 was administered as prophylaxis twice a week for a period of 6  months, and on demand for treatment of @entity548 . Safety was assessed by the occurrence of related AEs, @entity715 events and immunologic assessments. Efficacy was evaluated by annualized bleeding rate (ABR), and by treatment response rating (excellent, good, fair, none). PK was assessed over 72  h. None of the 23 treated paediatric subjects had treatment-related SAEs or AEs. There were no @entity715 events, inhibitory or specific binding antibodies against @entity4682 , @entity17049 or CHO protein. @entity548 (19 @entity2720 ) occurred (mean ABR 2.7      3.14, median 2.0), of which 23 were injury-related. Twenty subjects (87%) did not experience any @entity548 of spontaneous aetiology. Haemostatic efficacy of BAX326 was excellent or good for >96% of @entity548 (100% of minor, 88.9% of moderate and 100% of major @entity548 ); the majority (88.5%) resolved after 1-2 infusions. Longer T1/2 and lower IR were observed in younger @entity1 (<6  years) compared to those aged 6 to 12  years. BAX326 administered as prophylactic treatment as well as for controlling @entity548 is efficacious and safe in paediatric @entity1 aged <12  years with @entity4777 .

title: Recombinant factor IX (BAX326) in previously treated paediatric @entity1 with XXXX : a prospective clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeds', 'Twenty-six bleeds']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['non-joint vs. 7 joint bleeds']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity4777 :: ('MESH:D002836', 'Disease') :: ['haemophilia B']

answer: @entity4777 :: (MESH:D002836,Disease) :: ['haemophilia B']