abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to demonstrate that the prevention of early scaffold area shrinkage of the ABSORB BVS (Rev.1.1, Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, @entity7452 ) was sustained and not simply delayed by a few months. BACKGROUND: With improved scaffold design and modified manufacturing process of its polymer, the second iteration of ABSORB (BVS 1.1) has improved performance to prevent a scaffold area reduction at 6 months. METHODS: Fifty-six @entity1 were enrolled and received 57 ABSORB scaffolds. Quantitative coronary angiography, @entity5642 ( @entity5642 ), analysis of radiofrequency backscattering, echogenicity and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed at baseline and at 12-month follow-up. RESULTS: Overall the scaffold area remained unchanged with @entity5642 as well as with OCT, whereas the radiofrequency backscattering and the echogenicity of the struts decreased by 16.8% (p < 0.001) and 20% (p < 0.001), respectively; more specifically, the strut core area on OCT decreased by 11.4% (p = 0.003). Despite the absence of scaffold area loss, pharmacological vasomotion was restored. On an intention-to-treat basis, the angiographic late lumen loss amounted to 0.27    0.32 mm with an @entity5642 relative decrease in minimal lumen area of 1.94% (p = 0.12), without significant changes in mean lumen area. The OCT at follow-up showed that 96.69% of the struts were covered and that malapposition, initially observed in 18 scaffolds was only detected at follow-up in 4 scaffolds. Two @entity1 experienced peri-procedural and iatrogenic @entity583 , respectively, whereas 2 underwent repeat intervention, resulting in the major adverse cardiac event rate of 7.1% (4 of 56). CONCLUSIONS: The 12-month performance of the second-generation ABSORB bioresorbable @entity2239 -eluting scaffold justifies the conduct of a randomized trial against current @entity3987 . (A Clinical Evaluation of the Bioabsorbable @entity2239 Eluting Coronary Stent System [BVS EECSS] in the Treatment of @entity1 With de Novo Native Coronary Artery Lesions; NCT00856856).

title: Evaluation of the second generation of a bioresorbable XXXX -eluting vascular scaffold for the treatment of de novo coronary artery stenosis: 12-month clinical and imaging outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['Everolimus', 'everolimus']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['IVUS', 'intravascular ultrasound']

entities_list: @entity7452 :: ('MESH:D004670', 'Disease') :: ['California']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity3987 :: ('MESH:D057826', 'Disease') :: ['best standards']

answer: @entity2239 :: (MESH:C107135,Chemical) :: ['everolimus']


abstract: A combination of hard and soft tissue grafting is used to augment a thin biotype. A 26-year-old @entity1 with mandibular anterior flaring and Miller Class I and III recessions requested interceptive treatment. Surgery included a full-thickness buccal flap, intramarrow penetrations, bone graft placement, and primary flap closure. Postoperative visits were at 2 and 4 weeks and 2, 3, and 6 months. Stage-two surgery consisted of submerged connective tissue graft placement. Postoperative visits were completed at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks and 1 year. Follow-up was completed 3 years after the initial surgery. Interradicular concavities were resolved and gingival biotype was augmented. Soft tissue recession remained at 6 months. Reentry revealed clinical labial plate augmentation; 2 mm was achieved at the lateral incisors and the left central incisor and 3 mm was achieved at the right @entity235 . No bone augmentation was achieved on the left @entity235 and right central incisor. The dehiscence at the right central incisor appeared narrower. Overall, a 2- to 3-mm gain in alveolar bone thickness/height was observed. Two months after stage-two surgery, near complete root coverage was achieved; 1 mm of recession remained on the left central incisor. There was a soft tissue thickness gain of 2 mm without any visual difference in keratinized tissue height. Interradicular concavities were eliminated; the soft tissue was augmented and the gingival biotype was altered. Interdental soft tissue craters remained. One year after connective tissue graft placement, there was near complete root coverage at the left central incisor, which at 2 months experienced residual recession. Interradicular concavities and interdental soft tissue craters were eliminated with soft tissue augmentation, including clinical reestablishment of the @entity3161 . Clinical stability remained 3 years after the initial surgery, with the @entity1 noting comfort during mastication and routine oral hygiene. A clinical increase in labial plate thickness, in conjunction with soft tissue augmentation, appears to provide for continued stability and decreased potential for future clinical attachment loss.

title: Hard and soft tissue augmentation in a postorthodontic XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3161 :: ('MESH:D020511', 'Disease') :: ['mucogingival junction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the conformational change of arterial structure in the @entity75 with optical coherence tomography. BACKGROUND: @entity3361 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity741 . The conformational change of each arterial layer during @entity2553 has not been studied in detail. METHODS: We assessed 19 coronary arteries (10 @entity2473 and 9 nonspasm lesions) with optical coherence tomography during the provocation test for @entity3361 . An intimal bump was defined as 1 or more intimal projections into the lumen that disappeared after the administration of @entity12118 (NTG). Intimal gathering was defined as a folding/gathering of the intima, resulting in multiple kinks in the luminal contour that resolved after the administration of NTG. RESULTS: The @entity2473 more frequently showed an intimal bump at baseline and intimal gathering during @entity2473 compared with the @entity75 ( @entity2473 80% vs. nonspasm 0%, p < 0.01, @entity2473 100% vs. nonspasm 0%, p < 0.01, respectively). The @entity2473 demonstrated a thicker maximum media thickness ( @entity2473 0.24    0.04 mm vs. nonspasm 0.12    0.03 mm, p < 0.01) at baseline, whereas no differences were observed after the administration of NTG ( @entity2473 0.13    0.03 mm vs. nonspasm 0.13    0.02 mm, p = 0.65). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that medial contraction occurs even in an asymptomatic state and facilitates the formation of an intimal bump in @entity1 with @entity951 . Luminal narrowing during @entity2473 is associated with intimal gathering without alteration of intimal area.

title: Conformational change in coronary artery structure assessed by optical coherence tomography in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity12118 :: ('CHEBI:28787', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroglycerine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['vasospastic lesion', 'nonspasm lesion']

entities_list: @entity3361 :: ('MESH:D003329', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary artery spasm', 'coronary spasm']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['vasospastic angina']

entities_list: @entity2473 :: ('MESH:D013035', 'Disease') :: ['spasm lesion', 'spasm']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart diseases']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['vasospastic angina']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the conformational change of arterial structure in the @entity75 with optical coherence tomography. BACKGROUND: @entity3361 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity741 . The conformational change of each arterial layer during @entity2553 has not been studied in detail. METHODS: We assessed 19 coronary arteries (10 @entity2473 and 9 nonspasm lesions) with optical coherence tomography during the provocation test for @entity3361 . An intimal bump was defined as 1 or more intimal projections into the lumen that disappeared after the administration of @entity12118 (NTG). Intimal gathering was defined as a folding/gathering of the intima, resulting in multiple kinks in the luminal contour that resolved after the administration of NTG. RESULTS: The @entity2473 more frequently showed an intimal bump at baseline and intimal gathering during @entity2473 compared with the @entity75 ( @entity2473 80% vs. nonspasm 0%, p < 0.01, @entity2473 100% vs. nonspasm 0%, p < 0.01, respectively). The @entity2473 demonstrated a thicker maximum media thickness ( @entity2473 0.24    0.04 mm vs. nonspasm 0.12    0.03 mm, p < 0.01) at baseline, whereas no differences were observed after the administration of NTG ( @entity2473 0.13    0.03 mm vs. nonspasm 0.13    0.02 mm, p = 0.65). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that medial contraction occurs even in an asymptomatic state and facilitates the formation of an intimal bump in @entity1 with @entity951 . Luminal narrowing during @entity2473 is associated with intimal gathering without alteration of intimal area.

title: Conformational change in coronary artery structure assessed by optical coherence tomography in XXXX with @entity951 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The unusual event of @entity546 occurs when there is a disruption of the tunica albuginea surrounding engorged erectile tissue during aggressive @entity146 . There is often an audible crack and rapid detumescence with @entity548 that follows. AIMS: Medical literature has described the etiology and treatment of @entity546 . We report the remarkably unusual social situations of a series of @entity1 who sustained this unique injury. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 16 @entity1 whose injury was severe enough to require surgical repair at the University of Maryland between 2007 and 2011. Particular attention was paid to the intake interview in the emergency department and the postoperative chart notes by the attending urologist to ascertain out-of-the-ordinary social situations in which the injury was sustained. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The occurrence of @entity546 is sufficiently rare that the author was able to interact personally with most of the @entity1 . The @entity1 were remarkably forthcoming with the personal social dynamics of the sexual encounter. RESULTS: Half of these @entity546 @entity1 sustained the injury during an extramarital affair. Only three @entity1 sustained the injury in a bedroom; the remainder was in out-of-the-ordinary locations for sexual intercourse, e.g., cars, elevator, the workplace, and public restrooms. CONCLUSIONS: @entity546 @entity1 appear to be a unique population of @entity1 who are having sexual intercourse under stressful situations. Extramarital affairs and out-of-the-ordinary locations appear common in @entity1 sustaining this relatively rare injury.

title: XXXX seems more likely during sex under stressful situations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['Penile fracture', 'penile fracture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sexual behavior']

answer: @entity546 :: (MESH:D004414,Disease) :: ['Penile fracture']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have shown that insertion of the three @entity6621 (VACV) promoter-driven foreign gene expression cassettes encoding Renilla luciferase-Aequorea GFP fusion protein, b-galactosidase, and b-glucuronidase into the F14.5L, J2R, and @entity27874 loci of the VACV LIVP genome, respectively, results in a highly attenuated mutant strain @entity15821 -1h68. This strain shows @entity5 -specific replication and is capable of eradicating @entity5 with little or no virulence in @entity19 . This study aimed to distinguish the contribution of added VACV promoter-driven transcriptional units as inserts from the effects of insertional inactivation of three viral genes, and to determine the correlation between replication efficiency of oncolytic @entity6621 in cell cultures and the virulence and antitumor efficacy in @entity19 METHODS: A series of recombinant VACV strains was generated by replacing one, two, or all three of the expression cassettes in @entity15821 -1h68 with short non-coding DNA sequences. The replication efficiency and @entity5 cell killing capacity of these newly generated VACV strains were compared with those of the parent virus @entity15821 -1h68 in cell cultures. The virus replication efficiency in @entity5 and antitumor efficacy as well as the virulence were evaluated in nu/nu ( @entity19 bearing @entity1 @entity0 xenografts. RESULTS: we found that virus replication efficiency increased with removal of each of the expression cassettes. The increase in virus replication efficiency was proportionate to the strength of removed VACV promoters linked to foreign genes. The replication efficiency of the new VACV strains paralleled their @entity137 in cell cultures. The increased replication efficiency in @entity5 xenografts resulted in enhanced antitumor efficacy in @entity19 . Similarly, the enhanced virus replication efficiency was indicative of increased virulence in @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrated that insertion of VACV promoter-driven transcriptional units into the viral genome for the purpose of insertional mutagenesis did modulate the efficiency of virus replication together with antitumor efficacy as well as virulence. Replication efficiency of oncolytic VACV in cell cultures can predict the virulence and therapeutic efficacy in @entity19 . These findings may be essential for rational design of safe and potent VACV strains for vaccination and virotherapy of @entity5 in @entity1 and animals.

title: Replication efficiency of oncolytic XXXX in cell cultures prognosticates the virulence and antitumor efficacy in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'nude) mice', 'nude mice']

entities_list: @entity27874 :: ('p|SUB|A|56|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['A56R']

entities_list: @entity6621 :: ('10245', 'Species') :: ['vaccinia virus']

answer: @entity6621 :: (10245,Species) :: ['vaccinia virus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have shown that insertion of the three @entity6621 (VACV) promoter-driven foreign gene expression cassettes encoding Renilla luciferase-Aequorea GFP fusion protein, b-galactosidase, and b-glucuronidase into the F14.5L, J2R, and @entity27874 loci of the VACV LIVP genome, respectively, results in a highly attenuated mutant strain @entity15821 -1h68. This strain shows @entity5 -specific replication and is capable of eradicating @entity5 with little or no virulence in @entity19 . This study aimed to distinguish the contribution of added VACV promoter-driven transcriptional units as inserts from the effects of insertional inactivation of three viral genes, and to determine the correlation between replication efficiency of oncolytic @entity6621 in cell cultures and the virulence and antitumor efficacy in @entity19 METHODS: A series of recombinant VACV strains was generated by replacing one, two, or all three of the expression cassettes in @entity15821 -1h68 with short non-coding DNA sequences. The replication efficiency and @entity5 cell killing capacity of these newly generated VACV strains were compared with those of the parent virus @entity15821 -1h68 in cell cultures. The virus replication efficiency in @entity5 and antitumor efficacy as well as the virulence were evaluated in nu/nu ( @entity19 bearing @entity1 @entity0 xenografts. RESULTS: we found that virus replication efficiency increased with removal of each of the expression cassettes. The increase in virus replication efficiency was proportionate to the strength of removed VACV promoters linked to foreign genes. The replication efficiency of the new VACV strains paralleled their @entity137 in cell cultures. The increased replication efficiency in @entity5 xenografts resulted in enhanced antitumor efficacy in @entity19 . Similarly, the enhanced virus replication efficiency was indicative of increased virulence in @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrated that insertion of VACV promoter-driven transcriptional units into the viral genome for the purpose of insertional mutagenesis did modulate the efficiency of virus replication together with antitumor efficacy as well as virulence. Replication efficiency of oncolytic VACV in cell cultures can predict the virulence and therapeutic efficacy in @entity19 . These findings may be essential for rational design of safe and potent VACV strains for vaccination and virotherapy of @entity5 in @entity1 and animals.

title: Replication efficiency of oncolytic @entity6621 in cell cultures prognosticates the virulence and antitumor efficacy in XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to identify the coping strategies Hispanic adolescents employed to deal with parental @entity5 , looking specifically at how gender and psychological symptoms such as @entity308 and @entity148 relate to such strategies. METHODS: @entity1 were 51 Puerto Rican adolescents who have a parent living with @entity5 . Adolescents completed a structured questionnaire with scales measuring @entity308 (CES-D), @entity148 (STAI), and coping strategies (COPE). RESULTS: The strategies used with the highest frequency were those generally viewed as positive and emotion-focused: emotional support, acceptance, and religion. The means for these coping strategies indicated that they occurred with high frequency. The findings revealed no differences in coping strategies between @entity1 and @entity1 . @entity308 was related to two maladaptive coping strategies: @entity146 ; and one emotion-focused strategy: acceptance. @entity148 had significant correlations with one emotion-focused strategy: acceptance; and two dysfunctional strategies: substance use and behavioral disengagement. The best predictors of adolescents' @entity308 and @entity148 were dysfunctional coping and problem-focused strategies. CONCLUSIONS: The study contributes to the knowledge about the coping strategies of Hispanic adolescents experiencing parental @entity5 and the importance of taking individual coping strategies into account when evaluating the impact of parental @entity5 on psychological well-being. This is especially true for adolescents who are likely to use dysfunctional strategies such as @entity734 , and behavioral disengagement. Through psychosocial interventions, professionals need to assist these adolescents to improve and learn better coping strategies.

title: Hispanic adolescents coping with parental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['denial and behavioral disengagement']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['denial, substance use']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An early diagnosis of @entity693 is important to improve @entity1 ' survival. Data about a direct comparison of cerebrospinal fluid cytology (CSF-cytology) and MRI are very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare these two diagnostic modalities in diagnosing @entity693 in @entity1 with @entity1583 and solid @entity5 . METHODS: In 68 @entity1 suspicious for @entity3554 , cytology and MRI (1.5 T) was performed. The meningeal, pial or intraparenchymal hyperintense signal or contrast enhancement was correlated to the final CNS diagnosis and to cytology. RESULTS: 44 @entity1 (64.7%) had @entity3554 , 21 @entity1 (30.9%) had @entity3554 . The sensitivity to diagnose @entity693 was 49.2% for MRI and 95.4% for cytology (p<0.001). In @entity1 with @entity3554 , sensitivity was 45.5% for MRI and 93.2% for cytology (p<0.001). In @entity1 with @entity693 , sensitivity was 57.1% for MRI and 100% for cytology (p=0.0013). In @entity1 with @entity5 , the sensitivity was 84.6% for both diagnostic methods. The sensitivity for MRI was low in @entity1 with @entity1778 (20.0%) and @entity706 (37.5%). The positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) for MRI to differentiate infectious from @entity3554 was high in @entity1 with @entity693 (75.0%), in @entity1 with @entity706 (83.3%), and in @entity1 with @entity5 (72.7%). @entity2286 was low in @entity1 with @entity1778 (33.3%). CONCLUSION: Diagnostic value of MRI for diagnosing @entity693 is especially limited in @entity1 with @entity1583 . MRI better detected leptomeningeal involvement caused by @entity5 than by @entity1778 or @entity706 . The @entity2286 to specify @entity3554 depends on @entity5 subtype.

title: Use of magnetic resonance imaging to detect @entity3554 : limited use in XXXX and @entity706 but convincing results in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['solid tumors', 'tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningeal disease', 'infectious meningitis', 'meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic', 'hematopoietic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3554 :: ('MESH:D008577', 'Disease') :: ['non-neoplastic meningitis', 'neoplastic meningitis']

answer: @entity1778 :: (MESH:D007938,Disease) :: ['leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An early diagnosis of @entity693 is important to improve @entity1 ' survival. Data about a direct comparison of cerebrospinal fluid cytology (CSF-cytology) and MRI are very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare these two diagnostic modalities in diagnosing @entity693 in @entity1 with @entity1583 and solid @entity5 . METHODS: In 68 @entity1 suspicious for @entity3554 , cytology and MRI (1.5 T) was performed. The meningeal, pial or intraparenchymal hyperintense signal or contrast enhancement was correlated to the final CNS diagnosis and to cytology. RESULTS: 44 @entity1 (64.7%) had @entity3554 , 21 @entity1 (30.9%) had @entity3554 . The sensitivity to diagnose @entity693 was 49.2% for MRI and 95.4% for cytology (p<0.001). In @entity1 with @entity3554 , sensitivity was 45.5% for MRI and 93.2% for cytology (p<0.001). In @entity1 with @entity693 , sensitivity was 57.1% for MRI and 100% for cytology (p=0.0013). In @entity1 with @entity5 , the sensitivity was 84.6% for both diagnostic methods. The sensitivity for MRI was low in @entity1 with @entity1778 (20.0%) and @entity706 (37.5%). The positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) for MRI to differentiate infectious from @entity3554 was high in @entity1 with @entity693 (75.0%), in @entity1 with @entity706 (83.3%), and in @entity1 with @entity5 (72.7%). @entity2286 was low in @entity1 with @entity1778 (33.3%). CONCLUSION: Diagnostic value of MRI for diagnosing @entity693 is especially limited in @entity1 with @entity1583 . MRI better detected leptomeningeal involvement caused by @entity5 than by @entity1778 or @entity706 . The @entity2286 to specify @entity3554 depends on @entity5 subtype.

title: Use of magnetic resonance imaging to detect @entity3554 : limited use in @entity1778 and XXXX but convincing results in @entity5 .

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An early diagnosis of @entity693 is important to improve @entity1 ' survival. Data about a direct comparison of cerebrospinal fluid cytology (CSF-cytology) and MRI are very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare these two diagnostic modalities in diagnosing @entity693 in @entity1 with @entity1583 and solid @entity5 . METHODS: In 68 @entity1 suspicious for @entity3554 , cytology and MRI (1.5 T) was performed. The meningeal, pial or intraparenchymal hyperintense signal or contrast enhancement was correlated to the final CNS diagnosis and to cytology. RESULTS: 44 @entity1 (64.7%) had @entity3554 , 21 @entity1 (30.9%) had @entity3554 . The sensitivity to diagnose @entity693 was 49.2% for MRI and 95.4% for cytology (p<0.001). In @entity1 with @entity3554 , sensitivity was 45.5% for MRI and 93.2% for cytology (p<0.001). In @entity1 with @entity693 , sensitivity was 57.1% for MRI and 100% for cytology (p=0.0013). In @entity1 with @entity5 , the sensitivity was 84.6% for both diagnostic methods. The sensitivity for MRI was low in @entity1 with @entity1778 (20.0%) and @entity706 (37.5%). The positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) for MRI to differentiate infectious from @entity3554 was high in @entity1 with @entity693 (75.0%), in @entity1 with @entity706 (83.3%), and in @entity1 with @entity5 (72.7%). @entity2286 was low in @entity1 with @entity1778 (33.3%). CONCLUSION: Diagnostic value of MRI for diagnosing @entity693 is especially limited in @entity1 with @entity1583 . MRI better detected leptomeningeal involvement caused by @entity5 than by @entity1778 or @entity706 . The @entity2286 to specify @entity3554 depends on @entity5 subtype.

title: Use of magnetic resonance imaging to detect @entity3554 : limited use in @entity1778 and @entity706 but convincing results in XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['solid tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: An early diagnosis of @entity693 is important to improve @entity1 ' survival. Data about a direct comparison of cerebrospinal fluid cytology (CSF-cytology) and MRI are very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare these two diagnostic modalities in diagnosing @entity693 in @entity1 with @entity1583 and solid @entity5 . METHODS: In 68 @entity1 suspicious for @entity3554 , cytology and MRI (1.5 T) was performed. The meningeal, pial or intraparenchymal hyperintense signal or contrast enhancement was correlated to the final CNS diagnosis and to cytology. RESULTS: 44 @entity1 (64.7%) had @entity3554 , 21 @entity1 (30.9%) had @entity3554 . The sensitivity to diagnose @entity693 was 49.2% for MRI and 95.4% for cytology (p<0.001). In @entity1 with @entity3554 , sensitivity was 45.5% for MRI and 93.2% for cytology (p<0.001). In @entity1 with @entity693 , sensitivity was 57.1% for MRI and 100% for cytology (p=0.0013). In @entity1 with @entity5 , the sensitivity was 84.6% for both diagnostic methods. The sensitivity for MRI was low in @entity1 with @entity1778 (20.0%) and @entity706 (37.5%). The positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) for MRI to differentiate infectious from @entity3554 was high in @entity1 with @entity693 (75.0%), in @entity1 with @entity706 (83.3%), and in @entity1 with @entity5 (72.7%). @entity2286 was low in @entity1 with @entity1778 (33.3%). CONCLUSION: Diagnostic value of MRI for diagnosing @entity693 is especially limited in @entity1 with @entity1583 . MRI better detected leptomeningeal involvement caused by @entity5 than by @entity1778 or @entity706 . The @entity2286 to specify @entity3554 depends on @entity5 subtype.

title: Use of magnetic resonance imaging to detect XXXX : limited use in @entity1778 and @entity706 but convincing results in @entity5 .

answer: @entity3554 :: (MESH:D008577,Disease) :: ['neoplastic meningitis']


abstract: Vertical transmission of obligate symbionts generates a predictable evolutionary history of symbionts that reflects that of their hosts. In insects, evolutionary associations between symbionts and their hosts have been investigated primarily among species, leaving population-level processes largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) bacterial symbiont, @entity24165 , to determine whether observed codiversification of symbiont and tsetse host species extends to a single host species (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) in Uganda. To explore symbiont genetic variation in G. f. fuscipes populations, we screened two variable loci (lon and lepA) from the @entity24165 bacterium in the host species Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (W. g. fuscipes) and examined phylogeographic and demographic characteristics in multiple host populations. Symbiont genetic variation was apparent within and among populations. We identified two distinct symbiont lineages, in northern and southern Uganda. @entity1833 ( @entity1833 ) tests indicated that the two lineages corresponded exactly to northern and southern G. f. fuscipes mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups (P = 1.0). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) confirmed that most variation was partitioned between the northern and southern lineages defined by host mtDNA (85.44%). However, @entity1833 tests rejected finer-scale congruence within the northern and southern populations (P = 0.009). This incongruence was potentially due to incomplete lineage sorting that resulted in novel combinations of symbiont genetic variants and host background. Identifying these novel combinations may have public health significance, since tsetse is the sole vector of @entity25 and @entity24165 is known to influence host vector competence. Thus, understanding the adaptive value of these host-symbiont combinations may afford opportunities to develop vector control methods.

title: Influence of host phylogeographic patterns and incomplete lineage sorting on within-species genetic variability in XXXX species, obligate symbionts of tsetse flies.

entities_list: @entity24165 :: ('51229', 'Species') :: ['Wigglesworthia glossinidia', 'Wigglesworthia']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleeping sickness']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['ILD', 'Incongruence length difference']

answer: @entity24165 :: (51229,Species) :: ['Wigglesworthia']


abstract: AIMS: @entity8582 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) is thought to be a central player in regulating myocardial metabolism and its activation has been shown to inhibit @entity1283 . Recently, @entity19 with muscle-specific deletion of AMPK b1/b2 subunits (AMPKb1b2-deficient @entity19 , b1b2M-KO) have been generated and possess <10% of normal AMPK activity in muscle. However, how/if @entity12440 alters cardiac metabolism, function, or morphology has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether a significant loss of AMPK activity alters cardiac function, metabolism, and @entity1184 , and whether this may play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity712 . METHODS AND RESULTS: b1b2M-KO @entity19 exhibit an approximate 25% reduction in systolic and diastolic function compared with wild-type (WT) littermates. Despite the well-documented role of AMPK in controlling myocardial energy metabolism, there was no difference in basal @entity413 and @entity844 oxidation rates between b1b2M-KO and WT @entity19 . However, there was reduced AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of troponin I in @entity19 M-KO and reduced ventricular cell shortening in the presence of low @entity141 , which may explain the impaired cardiac function in these @entity19 . Interestingly, b1b2M-KO @entity19 did not display any signs of compensatory @entity1283 , which could be attributed to impaired activation of @entity1995 . CONCLUSIONS: b1b2M-KO @entity19 display evidence of @entity384 . This is the first @entity19 model of @entity12440 that demonstrates @entity299 in the absence of pathological stress and provides insights into the role of AMPK in regulating myocardial function, metabolism, @entity1184 , and the progression to @entity712 .

title: AMPK XXXX results in @entity384 in the absence of changes in energy metabolism.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity12440 :: ('MESH:D049290', 'Disease') :: ['AMPK deficiency', 'dramatic AMPK deficiency']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['deficiency in cardiac muscle']


abstract: AIMS: @entity8582 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) is thought to be a central player in regulating myocardial metabolism and its activation has been shown to inhibit @entity1283 . Recently, @entity19 with muscle-specific deletion of AMPK b1/b2 subunits (AMPKb1b2-deficient @entity19 , b1b2M-KO) have been generated and possess <10% of normal AMPK activity in muscle. However, how/if @entity12440 alters cardiac metabolism, function, or morphology has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether a significant loss of AMPK activity alters cardiac function, metabolism, and @entity1184 , and whether this may play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity712 . METHODS AND RESULTS: b1b2M-KO @entity19 exhibit an approximate 25% reduction in systolic and diastolic function compared with wild-type (WT) littermates. Despite the well-documented role of AMPK in controlling myocardial energy metabolism, there was no difference in basal @entity413 and @entity844 oxidation rates between b1b2M-KO and WT @entity19 . However, there was reduced AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of troponin I in @entity19 M-KO and reduced ventricular cell shortening in the presence of low @entity141 , which may explain the impaired cardiac function in these @entity19 . Interestingly, b1b2M-KO @entity19 did not display any signs of compensatory @entity1283 , which could be attributed to impaired activation of @entity1995 . CONCLUSIONS: b1b2M-KO @entity19 display evidence of @entity384 . This is the first @entity19 model of @entity12440 that demonstrates @entity299 in the absence of pathological stress and provides insights into the role of AMPK in regulating myocardial function, metabolism, @entity1184 , and the progression to @entity712 .

title: AMPK @entity299 results in XXXX in the absence of changes in energy metabolism.

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is an emerging technique for the treatment of @entity135 . The objective of this study is to describe our first steps and present our experience on the technical feasibility, safety, and efficacy of TORS for the treatment of selected malignant lesions. From April 2008 to September 2009, 24 @entity1 were enrolled in this prospective trial. Inclusion criteria were: adults with T1, T2 and selected T3 @entity5 involving the oral cavity, pharynx, and supraglottic larynx and a signed informed consent was obtained from the @entity1 . Exclusion criteria were: @entity5 not accessible to TORS after unsuccessful attempts to expose properly the lesion to operate. The ethical committee's approval was obtained to perform this study. Twenty-four @entity1 were included in this study: 10 supraglottic @entity5 , 10 pharyngeal @entity5 and 4 oral @entity5 . Nine @entity1 had T1 @entity5 , 12 had T2 @entity5 , and 1 @entity1 had a T3 @entity5 . In all cases, @entity5 resection could be performed by robotic surgery exclusively and negative resection margins were achieved with control by frozen section. None of them received intraoperative reconstruction. None of the @entity1 required tracheotomy. There was no intraoperative complication related to the use of the robot. The average setup time was 24      14  min (range 10-60  min). The average surgical time was 67      46  min (range 12-180  min). Surgical and setup time decreased after the first cases. The mean hospital stay was 9  days. Oral feeding was resumed at 3  days. TORS seems to be a safe, feasible, minimally invasive treatment modality for @entity135 with a short learning curve for surgeons already experienced in endoscopic surgery.

title: Transoral robotic surgery for the management of XXXX : learning curve.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['malignant head and neck tumors', 'head and neck tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cavity tumors', 'tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systematic quantitative methodologies are needed to understand the heterogeneity of cell metabolism across cell types in normal physiology, disease, and treatment. Metabolic flux analysis (MFA) can be used to infer steady state fluxes, but it does not apply for transient dynamics. Kinetic flux profiling (KFP) can be used in the context of transient dynamics, and it is the current gold standard. However, KFP requires measurements at several time points, limiting its use in high-throughput applications. RESULTS: Here we propose transient MFA (tMFA) as a cost-effective methodology to quantify metabolic fluxes using metabolomics and isotope tracing. tMFA exploits the time scale separation between the dynamics of different metabolites to obtain mathematical equations relating metabolic fluxes to metabolite concentrations and isotope fractions. We show that the isotope fractions of @entity563 and @entity8959 are at steady state 8 h after addition of a tracer, while those of @entity3042 and @entity2041 are following a transient dynamics with an approximately constant turnover rate per unit of metabolite, supporting the application of tMFA to the analysis of @entity1501 metabolism. Using tMFA, we investigate the heterogeneity of @entity1501 metabolism and the response to the antifolate @entity1499 in @entity0 cells. Our analysis indicates that @entity1499 not only inhibits @entity17262 synthesis but also induces an increase in the @entity8582 / @entity855 ratio, activation of @entity8582 kinase (AMPK), and the inhibition of protein and @entity2041 synthesis. We also find that in some @entity5 cells, the generation of one- @entity505 units from @entity563 exceeds the biosynthetic demand. CONCLUSIONS: This work validates tMFA as a cost-effective methodology to investigate cell metabolism. Using tMFA, we have shown that the effects of treatment with the antifolate @entity1499 extend beyond inhibition of @entity17262 synthesis and propagate to other pathways in central metabolism.

title: Quantification of XXXX metabolism using transient metabolic flux analysis.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1501 :: (MESH:D005492,Chemical) :: ['folate']


abstract: AIM: To analyse the outcome of @entity44 ( @entity44 ) in our setup. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hospital records of 10 neonates, who were operated for @entity44 during 14 years time period, were retrieved and analysed. Letters were sent to 6 parents/ caretakers of @entity1 who were lost to follow up; none of them responded. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 and 3 @entity1 with a mean age of 9 days (range 1-30 days) underwent excision of @entity44 in the neonatal period. Antenatal pickup rates were poor (2/10). Two @entity1 presented with @entity5 rupture. Though all had an obvious mass at birth, only half of them presented on day 1 of life. The remaining 5 @entity1 came late at a mean age of 11 days. Half of the SCTs were 10 cm or larger in size. One @entity1 was misdiagnosed as meningomyelocoele. All underwent complete excision with coccygectomy by posterior approach in prone position. There were only 2 @entity1 who could be classified as Altman Type II, the rest were all Altman Type I. Histopathology (HPE) revealed @entity44 (n=8), grade 1 immature @entity44 (n=1) and grade 3 immature @entity44 (n=1). There was no mortality; and complications were seen in 3/10 @entity1 (1 @entity1494 , 1 major wound @entity281 ). The mean follow up was 25 months (range 1 month to 6 years) in 4 @entity1 with no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal SCTs are usually benign with a good outcome after complete surgical excision with a low complication rate. Although long term follow up has been advocated, the follow up was poor in this series.

title: XXXX : our experience with 10 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'boys', 'patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic bladder']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection with ventriculitis and 1 minor wound infection']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal sacrococcygeal teratomas', 'teratoma', 'mature cystic teratoma', 'SCT']

answer: @entity44 :: (MESH:D013724,Disease) :: ['Neonatal sacrococcygeal teratoma']


abstract: The distribution of pituitary adenylatecyclase-activating polypeptide-immunoreactive ( @entity19381 -IR) nerve fibers was studied in the @entity35 @entity2582 and pharynx. @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers were located beneath the mucous epithelium, and occasionally penetrated the epithelium. These nerve fibers were abundant on the laryngeal side of the @entity2582 and in the dorsal and lateral border region between naso-oral and laryngeal parts of the pharynx. @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers were also detected in taste buds within the @entity2582 and pharynx. In addition, many @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers were found around acinar cells and blood vessels. The double immunofluorescence method demonstrated that distribution of @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers was similar to that in @entity4655 -IR nerve fibers in the epithelium and taste bud. However, distributions of @entity19381 -IR and @entity4655 -IR nerve fibers innervating @entity9358 and blood vessels were different. The retrograde tracing method also demonstrated that @entity19381 and @entity4655 were co-expressed by vagal and glossopharyngeal sensory neurons innervating the pharynx. These findings suggest that @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers in the epithelium and taste bud of the @entity2582 and pharynx which originate from the vagal and glossopharyngeal sensory ganglia include nociceptors and chemoreceptors. The origin of @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers which innervate @entity9358 and blood vessels may be the autonomic ganglion.

title: Pituitary adenylatecyclase-activating polypeptide-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the @entity35 XXXX and pharynx.

entities_list: @entity9358 :: ('MESH:D009078', 'Disease') :: ['mucous glands']

entities_list: @entity2582 :: ('MESH:C537690', 'Disease') :: ['epiglottis']

answer: @entity2582 :: (MESH:C537690,Disease) :: ['epiglottis']


abstract: The distribution of pituitary adenylatecyclase-activating polypeptide-immunoreactive ( @entity19381 -IR) nerve fibers was studied in the @entity35 @entity2582 and pharynx. @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers were located beneath the mucous epithelium, and occasionally penetrated the epithelium. These nerve fibers were abundant on the laryngeal side of the @entity2582 and in the dorsal and lateral border region between naso-oral and laryngeal parts of the pharynx. @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers were also detected in taste buds within the @entity2582 and pharynx. In addition, many @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers were found around acinar cells and blood vessels. The double immunofluorescence method demonstrated that distribution of @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers was similar to that in @entity4655 -IR nerve fibers in the epithelium and taste bud. However, distributions of @entity19381 -IR and @entity4655 -IR nerve fibers innervating @entity9358 and blood vessels were different. The retrograde tracing method also demonstrated that @entity19381 and @entity4655 were co-expressed by vagal and glossopharyngeal sensory neurons innervating the pharynx. These findings suggest that @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers in the epithelium and taste bud of the @entity2582 and pharynx which originate from the vagal and glossopharyngeal sensory ganglia include nociceptors and chemoreceptors. The origin of @entity19381 -IR nerve fibers which innervate @entity9358 and blood vessels may be the autonomic ganglion.

title: Pituitary adenylatecyclase-activating polypeptide-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the XXXX @entity2582 and pharynx.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between characteristics at diagnosis and the time to first relapse in a large cohort of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated @entity1333 (AAV). METHODS: We studied long-term followup data from 4 clinical trials that included newly diagnosed @entity1 with a broad spectrum of AAV severity and manifestations. @entity1 and disease characteristics at baseline were used in competing risk regression models with relapse as the event of interest and death as the competing event. RESULTS: We assessed 535 @entity1 with 1,804 @entity1 -years at risk of relapse. At diagnosis, the median age was 60.7 years (interquartile range [IQR] 48.8-69.1 years), 284 @entity1 (53%) had @entity2883 with @entity2883 (Wegener's), and the median @entity1011 level was 203  moles/liter (IQR 97-498). A total of 201 @entity1 (38%) experienced a relapse and 133 @entity1 (25%) died, 96 of whom had not had prior relapse. Anti- @entity7134 antibodies (subhazard ratio [sHR] 1.62 [95% confidence interval 1.39-1.89]) and cardiovascular involvement (sHR 1.59 [95% confidence interval 1.07-2.37]) were independently associated with a higher risk of relapse. Compared with @entity1 with a @entity1011 level  <=100  moles/liter, @entity1 with higher @entity1011 levels had a lower risk of relapse (sHR 0.81 [95% confidence interval 0.77-0.85] for a @entity1011 level of 101-200  moles/liter; sHR 0.39 [95% confidence interval 0.22-0.69] for a @entity1011 level >200  moles/liter). CONCLUSION: Relapse of disease is common for @entity1 with AAV. A @entity1011 level >200  moles/liter at the time of diagnosis is strongly associated with a reduced risk of relapse and may help guide monitoring and treatment of @entity1 with AAV.

title: Risk factors for relapse of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['polyangiitis', 'granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1333 :: (MESH:D014657,Disease) :: ['vasculitis']


abstract: We sought to reduce long-term complications after cesarean delivery by improving @entity446 . Eight @entity742 (three with twins) underwent cesarean delivery. Hysterotomy sites were repaired in equal parts by suture alone or suture with a juxtaposed graft (Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN). At 90 days postsurgery, scar characteristics and tensile strength testing were assessed. The mean hysterotomy closure time was on average 1 minute, 14 seconds longer for those undergoing graft placement ( P=0.36). The mean scar thickness was 3.0        0.4 mm for controls versus 3.8        1.2 mm for the intervention group ( P=0.047). Tensile strength testing did not demonstrate a significant difference between groups. Histological examination of the @entity2318 showed no significant differences in inflammatory reaction or endometrial inclusions; however, neoangiogenesis was significantly enhanced. Myometrial repair incorporating a graft increased scar thickness and neoangiogenesis. This methodology did not incite @entity1870 or enhance @entity32 within the scar.

title: Augmenting XXXX after cesarean delivery: use of an adjuvant biologic graft placement in an ovine model.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['myometrial scar']

entities_list: @entity1870 :: ('MESH:D062788', 'Disease') :: ['adenomyosis']

entities_list: @entity446 :: ('MESH:C563468', 'Disease') :: ['myometrial healing']

answer: @entity446 :: (MESH:C563468,Disease) :: ['myometrial healing']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1086 is suspected preoperatively in only 30 % of all @entity1 , while the other 70 % of cases are discovered incidentally by the pathologist (incidental or occult @entity1086 or IGBC). If @entity1086 is suspected preoperatively, an open cholecystectomy must be performed. The increasing rate of cholecystectomies via laparoscopy has lad to the detection of more @entity1086 in an early stage. Extended resection with regional lymph node dissection for T2 @entity189 and for more @entity5 has been suggested. If IGBC is detected postoperatively by the pathologist after simple cholecystectomy, radical re-resection in cases of T2 @entity5 and more advanced stages is recommended. However, it has been argued that T1b @entity5 may have spread regionally or systemically at presentation and, thus, it remains debatable whether T1b @entity5 should be treated by simple cholecystectomy or by radical resection. @entity1 / MATERIAL AND METHOD: This investigation was based on the German Registry of "Incidental @entity1086 " of the German Society of Surgery. In the present study, we evaluated whether T1 @entity189 @entity1 do profit from a radical re-resection and if the different techniques of liver resection have comparable results in T1 @entity189 . RESULTS: We analysed 684 cases of IGBC including 124 @entity1 with T1 @entity5 with a 5-year survival of 48 %. An extended re-resection increased the 5-year survival up to 68 % for T1-IGBC. The analysis shows no advantage for re-resection of T1a @entity5 . In contrast, the current analysis shows a statistically significant survival benefit for re-resection of T1b @entity5 from 34 % to 75 %. The Registry data show a trend of better survival for the @entity1 treated with the wedge resection technique compared to other resection techniques. CONCLUSION: For T1a @entity5 a simple cholecystectomy is sufficient. An immediate re-resection is highly recommended for @entity1 with IGBC in T1b stage. The wedge resection technique combined with a locoregional lymphadenectomy of the hepatoduodenal ligament seems to be the strategy of choice for T1b @entity5 . An extended re-resection is necessary to determine the nodal status exactly, and to determine an exact definite staging for @entity1 with T1b @entity5 .

title: [Immediate Radical Re-Resection of Incidental T1b @entity1086 and the Problem of an Adequate Extent of Resection (Results of the German Registry "Incidental XXXX ").]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'advanced cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['Gallbladder cancer', 'Gallbladder Cancer', 'gallbladder cancer', 'gallbladder cancers']

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['Gallbladder Cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1086 is suspected preoperatively in only 30 % of all @entity1 , while the other 70 % of cases are discovered incidentally by the pathologist (incidental or occult @entity1086 or IGBC). If @entity1086 is suspected preoperatively, an open cholecystectomy must be performed. The increasing rate of cholecystectomies via laparoscopy has lad to the detection of more @entity1086 in an early stage. Extended resection with regional lymph node dissection for T2 @entity189 and for more @entity5 has been suggested. If IGBC is detected postoperatively by the pathologist after simple cholecystectomy, radical re-resection in cases of T2 @entity5 and more advanced stages is recommended. However, it has been argued that T1b @entity5 may have spread regionally or systemically at presentation and, thus, it remains debatable whether T1b @entity5 should be treated by simple cholecystectomy or by radical resection. @entity1 / MATERIAL AND METHOD: This investigation was based on the German Registry of "Incidental @entity1086 " of the German Society of Surgery. In the present study, we evaluated whether T1 @entity189 @entity1 do profit from a radical re-resection and if the different techniques of liver resection have comparable results in T1 @entity189 . RESULTS: We analysed 684 cases of IGBC including 124 @entity1 with T1 @entity5 with a 5-year survival of 48 %. An extended re-resection increased the 5-year survival up to 68 % for T1-IGBC. The analysis shows no advantage for re-resection of T1a @entity5 . In contrast, the current analysis shows a statistically significant survival benefit for re-resection of T1b @entity5 from 34 % to 75 %. The Registry data show a trend of better survival for the @entity1 treated with the wedge resection technique compared to other resection techniques. CONCLUSION: For T1a @entity5 a simple cholecystectomy is sufficient. An immediate re-resection is highly recommended for @entity1 with IGBC in T1b stage. The wedge resection technique combined with a locoregional lymphadenectomy of the hepatoduodenal ligament seems to be the strategy of choice for T1b @entity5 . An extended re-resection is necessary to determine the nodal status exactly, and to determine an exact definite staging for @entity1 with T1b @entity5 .

title: [Immediate Radical Re-Resection of Incidental T1b XXXX and the Problem of an Adequate Extent of Resection (Results of the German Registry "Incidental @entity1086 ").]

answer: @entity1086 :: (MESH:D005706,Disease) :: ['Gallbladder Cancer']


abstract: The PrePex is a WHO--prequalified medical device for adult male circumcision for @entity645 prevention. The Government of Rwanda was the first country to implement the PrePex device and acts as the leading center of excellence providing training and formal guidelines. As part of the Government's efforts to improve PrePex implementation, it made efforts to improve the psychological acceptability of device by @entity1 , thus increasing uptake with VMMC in sub-Saharan Africa. Some @entity1 who underwent the PrePex procedure complained of foreskin odor while wearing the PrePex 3-7 days after it was placed. This complaint was identified as potential risk for uptake of the device. Researchers from Rwanda assumed there is a possible relation between the level of foreskin odor and @entity1 foreskin hygiene technique. The Government of Rwanda decided to investigate those assumptions in a scientific way and conduct a trial to test different hygiene-cleaning methods in order to increase the acceptability of PrePex and mitigate the odor concern. The main objective of the trial was to compare odor levels between three arms, having identical personal hygiene but different foreskin hygiene techniques using either clear water with soap during a daily shower, soapy water using a syringe, or @entity1216 using a syringe. One hundred and one subjects were enrolled to the trial and randomly allocated into three trial arms. Using @entity1216 solution daily almost completely eliminated odor, and was statistically significant more effective that the other two arms. The trial results suggest that odor from the foreskin, while wearing the PrePex device, could be related to the growth of anaerobic bacteria, which can be prevented by a @entity1216 cleaning method. This finding can be used to increase acceptability by @entity1 when considering PrePex as one of the leading methods for @entity645 prevention in VMMC programs.

title: Assessing Odor Level when Using PrePex for XXXX Prevention: A Prospective, Randomized, Open Label, Blinded Assessor Trial to Improve Uptake of Male Circumcision.

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine']

answer: @entity645 :: (57667,Species) :: ['HIV']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate overall rates of adherence, persistence, and discontinuation for @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) prescribed oral antihyperglycemic agents (OAHAs) by combining results of published studies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify articles published in English over the last 10 years evaluating the use of OAHAs for the treatment of @entity6 . Databases searched included PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Seventy studies reporting adherence, persistence or discontinuation were identified by two independent reviewers and 40 reported relevant endpoints for the analysis. Outcomes included: (1) mean adherence defined as the average medication possession ratio (MPR); (2) proportion of adherent @entity1 (MPR   >=    80%); (3) discontinuation; and (4) persistence. Adherence and persistence were reported in observational studies only. Discontinuation was examined separately in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. Meta-analyses were conducted using both fixed and random effects models. When meta-analysis was not appropriate for a given outcome, descriptive statistics were provided. RESULTS: The pooled mean MPR (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 75.3% (68.8%-81.7%; n   =   13) and the proportion of adherent @entity1 (95% CI) was 67.9% (59.6%-76.3%; n   =   12). The discontinuation rate (95% CI) in RCTs was 31.8% (17.0%-46.7%; n   =   7). Persistence and discontinuation were not assessed via meta-analysis for observational studies due to the limited number of available studies and differences in outcome definitions. In these studies, persistence estimates ranged from 41.0% to 81.1%, with a mean (95% CI) of 56.2% (46.1%-66.3%; n   =   6), while discontinuation estimates ranged from 9.9% to 60.1%, with a mean (95% CI) of 31.4% (17.6%-45.3%; n   =   6). LIMITATIONS: Limitations include (1) the use of MPR as a proxy for adherence, (2) limited number of studies available, and (3) observed heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: The results of the analysis demonstrate that medication adherence, persistence, and discontinuation rates are suboptimal in @entity1 with @entity6 prescribed OAHAs.

title: Meta-analysis of studies examining medication adherence, persistence, and discontinuation of oral antihyperglycemic agents in type 2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['T2DM', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: Treatment of childhood @entity1313 has been associated with long-term cognitive morbidity in @entity1 . In the present study, the cognitive status of @entity1 with @entity1313 was examined prior to any treatment to single out the role of @entity5 and @entity5 -related factors in @entity73 . Eighty-three @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1313 (mean age, 8.6 years; range, 7 months to 16.6 years; median, 9.4 years) completed an extensive battery of age-related tests to assess cognitive function before any therapeutic intervention. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine @entity5 site and volume and @entity5 -related factors. Performance under test was compared with symptom duration, @entity16 , @entity302 , and MRI. @entity73 are detected at diagnosis in as many as 50% of @entity1 for some cognitive domains; 6% of @entity1 present with true-diagnosed @entity1032 . The location of the @entity5 is the principal @entity73 , with @entity73 in @entity1 with cortical @entity5 . Symptom duration and the presence of @entity302 are significantly associated with @entity717 , while neuroradiological @entity5 -related variables do not correlate clearly with neurocognitive performance. The knowledge of the pre-existing @entity73 is critical to evaluate the results of treatment, providing a baseline for assessing the true impact of therapy in determining @entity73 . In addition, the study suggests that some clinical variables require careful monitoring, because they could be specifically implicated in the neuropsychological outcome; the efforts to reduce the impact of these factors could ameliorate long-term prognosis.

title: Pretreatment neuropsychological deficits in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain cancer', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits', 'cognitive decline', 'determinant of cognitive deficits', 'Cognitive difficulties', 'major impairment']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological status']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychological disabilities']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain tumors']


abstract: Treatment of childhood @entity1313 has been associated with long-term cognitive morbidity in @entity1 . In the present study, the cognitive status of @entity1 with @entity1313 was examined prior to any treatment to single out the role of @entity5 and @entity5 -related factors in @entity73 . Eighty-three @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity1313 (mean age, 8.6 years; range, 7 months to 16.6 years; median, 9.4 years) completed an extensive battery of age-related tests to assess cognitive function before any therapeutic intervention. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine @entity5 site and volume and @entity5 -related factors. Performance under test was compared with symptom duration, @entity16 , @entity302 , and MRI. @entity73 are detected at diagnosis in as many as 50% of @entity1 for some cognitive domains; 6% of @entity1 present with true-diagnosed @entity1032 . The location of the @entity5 is the principal @entity73 , with @entity73 in @entity1 with cortical @entity5 . Symptom duration and the presence of @entity302 are significantly associated with @entity717 , while neuroradiological @entity5 -related variables do not correlate clearly with neurocognitive performance. The knowledge of the pre-existing @entity73 is critical to evaluate the results of treatment, providing a baseline for assessing the true impact of therapy in determining @entity73 . In addition, the study suggests that some clinical variables require careful monitoring, because they could be specifically implicated in the neuropsychological outcome; the efforts to reduce the impact of these factors could ameliorate long-term prognosis.

title: Pretreatment neuropsychological deficits in XXXX with @entity1313 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nerve blocks with local anesthetics have been used in the diagnosis and treatment of @entity9 . Usually these blocks were administered in combination with @entity288 and other drugs that can be effective by themselves. Although lasting benefits from @entity616 in @entity9 have long been described, definitive evidence is lacking. We had the following objectives in this systematic review: to analyze the evidence behind the practice of peripheral nerve blockade with local anesthetics in @entity1 with @entity9 and @entity158 syndromes; to assess the duration of @entity158 relief after conduction block resolution; and to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment of these syndromes with a series of blocks. METHODS: We searched Medline, Embase, narrative reviews, and book chapters. Only articles published in English were collected. The list of 3347 identified articles was reduced to 39 articles that were read entirely, 12 of which met inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Twelve included articles were analyzed. Each can be classified as a single case report or case series; there were no controlled studies among them. Nine reports assessed a single block outcome; all recorded @entity158 relief beyond the duration of conduction blockade. Those 9 reports represented a total of 69 @entity1 , 30 of whom had complete @entity158 relief and 10 had relief >= 50%. Seven reports with the assessment of continuous @entity158 >= 1 week after a single block reported complete or profound @entity158 relief in 11 of 17 @entity1 . All 3 reports with the assessment of a series of blocks in a large number of @entity1 (total of 270) reported overall positive results. CONCLUSION: Because all reviewed articles were only single case reports or case series, no reliable conclusion could be drawn concerning the effectiveness of @entity616 with local anesthetics in @entity9 . However, 2 features of the analyzed reports-the large magnitude of the effect and the high consistency of the reported outcome-indicate that future research efforts are warranted.

title: Local anesthetic blockade of peripheral nerves for treatment of XXXX : systematic analysis.

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'radicular pain']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuralgia', 'neuralgias']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['nerve blocks']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity9 :: (MESH:D009437,Disease) :: ['neuralgias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of bilateral hypogastric artery ligation (BHAL) according to the underlying cause and future fertility in these @entity1 . METHOD: Fifty-eight @entity1 who underwent BHAL operation in our department between 1997 and 2008 were further divided into three subgroups in accordance with the underlying disease. Group 1: @entity1468 with coagulapathy (n:24). Group 2: Postpartum @entity548 (PPH) due to uterine atony (n:24). Group 3: Massive @entity548 due to inadequate surgical control of @entity548 and/or uterine rupture (n:10). Effectiveness of BHAL according to the underlying cause and future fertility after BHAL were evaluated. RESULTS: Success rate of BHAL was found to be 87.9% (51 out of 58 @entity1 ). Complication rates of the groups were 25%, 12.5%, and 10%, respectively. There was one maternal death in each group. Mean hospital stay, blood and blood products transfusion need were similar for all groups. Thirty @entity1 out of 58 had desired future fertility, and 17/30 (56.7%) of them became pregnant within less than 1 year. CONCLUSION: BHAL is a safe, effective, life-saving procedure in controlling massive PPH. It preserves future fertility and must be the first choice operation for PPH in young @entity1 whichever the underlying condition is.

title: The effectiveness of bilateral hypogastric artery ligation for XXXX in three different underlying conditions and its impact on future fertility.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['Severe preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['obstetric hemorrhage']


abstract: PURPOSE: Phase II trials in locally advanced @entity5 have shown that cetuximab-based neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy is feasible but without an improvement in complete pathologic response rates. Our goal was to identify @entity1 who would benefit from cetuximab-based neoadjuvant chemoradiation measuring gene expression levels of proteins involved in @entity5 growth [ @entity470 ( @entity470 )], angiogenesis [ @entity7 ( @entity6758 , @entity319 )], DNA repair [ @entity11833 ( @entity11833 )], and drug metabolism [thymidylate synthetase (TS)]. We also determined mutation status of @entity984 and @entity817 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: This study was carried out on 130 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 who were enrolled in 4 different phase II clinical trials, using cetuximab-based chemoradiation. Tumor tissues were obtained before neoadjuvant and at surgical therapy. After microdissection, intratumoral gene expression levels and @entity984 / @entity817 mutation status were analyzed. RESULTS: A significant decrease of TS, @entity6758 , and @entity319 gene expression was seen following neoadjuvant therapy (P < 0.03). High pretreatment @entity7 gene expression levels were associated with nonresponse (P = 0.070). @entity984 mutations were found in 42% and mutant @entity984 ( @entity984 mt) was significantly associated with pathologic nonresponse (P = 0.037). In @entity1 with wild-type @entity984 ( @entity984 wt), low @entity470 was significantly associated with higher nonresponse and @entity7 mRNA expressions were associated with complete pathologic response (P = 0.012; P = 0.06). @entity984 transversion ( @entity984 tv) was associated with @entity5 regression: nonresponse was more common in @entity1 with @entity984 tv than with @entity984 wt (P = 0.007). @entity817 @entity8554 mutations were not detected in any of the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This study suggests that pretreatment intratumoral @entity470 and @entity7 mRNA expression levels as well as @entity984 mutation status are predictive markers of pathologic response to neoadjuvant cetuximab-based chemoradiation in locally advanced @entity5 .

title: Biomarkers for cetuximab-based neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity11833 :: ('2067', 'Gene') :: ['excision repair cross-complementing 1', 'ERCC1']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF, VEGF receptors 1 and 2', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['endothelial growth factor receptor', 'EGFR']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Oral @entity134 treatment is the first line of therapy for childhood @entity1985 ( @entity1985 ). Nonetheless, some @entity1 are resistant to this treatment. Many efforts have been made to explain the differences in the response to @entity134 treatment in @entity1 with @entity1985 based on the genetic background. We have investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms of the @entity1262 [ @entity7656 ( @entity18595 ), @entity18596 ( @entity18597 ), and @entity18598 ( @entity18599 )] and @entity6785 ( @entity13842 , @entity40609 ) genes in 170 @entity1 with @entity1985 . Of these @entity1 , 69 (40.6%) were initial @entity134 non-responders, and 23 (13.5% of total) developed @entity740 . Renal biopsy findings, which were available for 101 @entity1 , showed that 35 @entity1 had minimal change lesion and 66 had @entity628 . The frequencies of the @entity1262 1236 CC (18.8 vs 7.2%) or TC (53.5 vs 43.5%) genotype and C allele (45.5 vs 29.0%) were significantly higher in the initial @entity134 responders than in the non-responders. Analysis of @entity1262 three-marker haplotypes revealed that the frequency of the TGC haplotype was significantly lower in the initial @entity134 responders than in the non-responders (15.8 vs 29.0%). There was no association between the @entity6785 @entity13842 polymorphism and clinical parameters, renal histological findings, and @entity134 responsiveness. These data suggest that the initial @entity134 response in @entity1 with @entity1985 may be influenced by genetic variations in the @entity1262 gene.

title: Polymorphisms of the XXXX and @entity6785 genes in @entity1 with @entity1985 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity628 :: ('MESH:D005923', 'Disease') :: ['focal segmental glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['NS', 'nephrotic syndrome']

answer: @entity1262 :: (5243,Gene) :: ['MDR1']


abstract: Oral @entity134 treatment is the first line of therapy for childhood @entity1985 ( @entity1985 ). Nonetheless, some @entity1 are resistant to this treatment. Many efforts have been made to explain the differences in the response to @entity134 treatment in @entity1 with @entity1985 based on the genetic background. We have investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms of the @entity1262 [ @entity7656 ( @entity18595 ), @entity18596 ( @entity18597 ), and @entity18598 ( @entity18599 )] and @entity6785 ( @entity13842 , @entity40609 ) genes in 170 @entity1 with @entity1985 . Of these @entity1 , 69 (40.6%) were initial @entity134 non-responders, and 23 (13.5% of total) developed @entity740 . Renal biopsy findings, which were available for 101 @entity1 , showed that 35 @entity1 had minimal change lesion and 66 had @entity628 . The frequencies of the @entity1262 1236 CC (18.8 vs 7.2%) or TC (53.5 vs 43.5%) genotype and C allele (45.5 vs 29.0%) were significantly higher in the initial @entity134 responders than in the non-responders. Analysis of @entity1262 three-marker haplotypes revealed that the frequency of the TGC haplotype was significantly lower in the initial @entity134 responders than in the non-responders (15.8 vs 29.0%). There was no association between the @entity6785 @entity13842 polymorphism and clinical parameters, renal histological findings, and @entity134 responsiveness. These data suggest that the initial @entity134 response in @entity1 with @entity1985 may be influenced by genetic variations in the @entity1262 gene.

title: Polymorphisms of the @entity1262 and XXXX genes in @entity1 with @entity1985 .

answer: @entity6785 :: (4282,Gene) :: ['MIF']


abstract: Oral @entity134 treatment is the first line of therapy for childhood @entity1985 ( @entity1985 ). Nonetheless, some @entity1 are resistant to this treatment. Many efforts have been made to explain the differences in the response to @entity134 treatment in @entity1 with @entity1985 based on the genetic background. We have investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms of the @entity1262 [ @entity7656 ( @entity18595 ), @entity18596 ( @entity18597 ), and @entity18598 ( @entity18599 )] and @entity6785 ( @entity13842 , @entity40609 ) genes in 170 @entity1 with @entity1985 . Of these @entity1 , 69 (40.6%) were initial @entity134 non-responders, and 23 (13.5% of total) developed @entity740 . Renal biopsy findings, which were available for 101 @entity1 , showed that 35 @entity1 had minimal change lesion and 66 had @entity628 . The frequencies of the @entity1262 1236 CC (18.8 vs 7.2%) or TC (53.5 vs 43.5%) genotype and C allele (45.5 vs 29.0%) were significantly higher in the initial @entity134 responders than in the non-responders. Analysis of @entity1262 three-marker haplotypes revealed that the frequency of the TGC haplotype was significantly lower in the initial @entity134 responders than in the non-responders (15.8 vs 29.0%). There was no association between the @entity6785 @entity13842 polymorphism and clinical parameters, renal histological findings, and @entity134 responsiveness. These data suggest that the initial @entity134 response in @entity1 with @entity1985 may be influenced by genetic variations in the @entity1262 gene.

title: Polymorphisms of the @entity1262 and @entity6785 genes in @entity1 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1985 :: (MESH:D009404,Disease) :: ['nephrotic syndrome']


abstract: Oral @entity134 treatment is the first line of therapy for childhood @entity1985 ( @entity1985 ). Nonetheless, some @entity1 are resistant to this treatment. Many efforts have been made to explain the differences in the response to @entity134 treatment in @entity1 with @entity1985 based on the genetic background. We have investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms of the @entity1262 [ @entity7656 ( @entity18595 ), @entity18596 ( @entity18597 ), and @entity18598 ( @entity18599 )] and @entity6785 ( @entity13842 , @entity40609 ) genes in 170 @entity1 with @entity1985 . Of these @entity1 , 69 (40.6%) were initial @entity134 non-responders, and 23 (13.5% of total) developed @entity740 . Renal biopsy findings, which were available for 101 @entity1 , showed that 35 @entity1 had minimal change lesion and 66 had @entity628 . The frequencies of the @entity1262 1236 CC (18.8 vs 7.2%) or TC (53.5 vs 43.5%) genotype and C allele (45.5 vs 29.0%) were significantly higher in the initial @entity134 responders than in the non-responders. Analysis of @entity1262 three-marker haplotypes revealed that the frequency of the TGC haplotype was significantly lower in the initial @entity134 responders than in the non-responders (15.8 vs 29.0%). There was no association between the @entity6785 @entity13842 polymorphism and clinical parameters, renal histological findings, and @entity134 responsiveness. These data suggest that the initial @entity134 response in @entity1 with @entity1985 may be influenced by genetic variations in the @entity1262 gene.

title: Polymorphisms of the @entity1262 and @entity6785 genes in XXXX with @entity1985 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Buttock augmentation with solid @entity1346 implants has become an increasingly popular procedure in the United States, but few outcomes studies have been undertaken to evaluate its safety and efficacy. OBJECTIVE: The author examines the results of buttock augmentation with solid @entity1346 implants in his private practice. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 200 consecutive @entity1 who underwent bilateral buttock augmentation with a total of 400 solid @entity1346 implants over an eight-year period from June 2001 through August 2009. Implants were placed in the subfascial position in 154 @entity1 and in the intramuscular position in 46 @entity1 . Most intramuscular implant placements occurred early in the series, before the author refined his technique. Data from all @entity1 were analyzed to determine the rate of complication, need for surgical revision, and aesthetic outcome. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity1 and 174 @entity1 were included in the study. The mean duration of follow-up was three years. The overall reoperation rate for these @entity1 was 13% (n = 26). @entity2080 formation was the most common complication, occurring in 28% (n = 56) of @entity1 . The infection rate was 6.5% for both subfascial and intramuscular implants (n = 13). The implant infection rate was 3.8% (15 of the 400 implants). @entity1410 formation occurred in 2% (n = four) of @entity1 . Wound dehiscence occurred in 1.5% (n = three) of @entity1 . Capsular contracture was noted in 1% (n = two) of @entity1 . Data showed that additional aesthetic procedures at the time of buttock augmentation did not affect the complication rate. In terms of @entity1 satisfaction, @entity1 with intramuscular implants complained more often about a lack of inferior gluteal fullness. CONCLUSION: Buttock augmentation with solid @entity1346 implants is a safe and satisfying procedure for both @entity1 and surgeon. The most common complication in this series was @entity2080 formation, which was treated with serial aspiration in most cases. Gluteal implants were successfully placed in either the @entity2695 with no significant difference in complication rate, but subfascial implant placement can produce better aesthetic results in @entity1 requiring inferior gluteal fullness.

title: Buttock augmentation with solid XXXX implants.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['subfascial or intramuscular position']

entities_list: @entity2080 :: ('MESH:D049291', 'Disease') :: ['Seroma', 'seroma']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3906 describes a @entity5 that originates from the peritoneal lining of the abdomen. The diagnosis is clearest when the ovaries are uninvolved; however, this is rarely the case and, as such, the declaration is often made pathologically by extrinsic or secondary involvement of the ovaries. The disease shares nearly all of the clinicopathologic features of primary @entity43 , most importantly, a molecular homology, which has made it unfruitful for considering it a different entity. Because of this, both standard of care treatment algorithms and contemporary drug development protocols nearly uniformly consider these @entity5 as @entity43 . AREAS COVERED: A Medline search was performed as well as a review of trials presented in the National @entity5 Institute clinical trials website (http://www.Clinicaltrials.gov). We also reviewed abstracts presented at recent oncology congresses, such as the 2010 Annual meetings of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists and the American Society of Clinical Oncology. The purpose of this review is to highlight areas of current drug development for @entity1 with @entity298 . While there are numerous investigational agents being evaluated which follow @entity1 with this disease, our review focuses on the most promising agents that are in mature clinical development. In addition, given the recent positive Phase III data of bevacizumab in the first-line setting for @entity1 with this disease, we consider changes that we can anticipate in this field. EXPERT OPINION: Numerous novel agents are being explored in this disease with the majority focusing on direct and indirect perturbations of @entity5 angiogenesis. Based on ongoing and recently completed investigations, targeted therapies are likely to become part of the armamentarium of first-line and recurrent treatment for @entity1 with peritoneal @entity5 . Future studies of pathway-specific targeting will probably include pretreatment biomarker selection or eligibility criteria as well as combinatorial strategies.

title: Emerging therapeutics for primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'primary ovarian cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'malignancy', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3906 :: ('MESH:D010534', 'Disease') :: ['Primary peritoneal cancer']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['primary peritoneal carcinoma']

answer: @entity3906 :: (MESH:D010534,Disease) :: ['peritoneal cancer']


abstract: AIM: There has been increasing interest in the concept of applying genetic counselling to @entity146 , but despite its relevance to @entity146 , and interest from the target group, there have been no empiric investigations of @entity146 genetic counselling. In a population of unaffected parents of individuals with first episode as well as more chronic @entity914 , we aimed to investigate whether @entity146 genetic counselling: is perceived to be useful, could increase understanding of the causes of @entity146 and decrease concern about other relatives becoming affected. METHODS: Subjects (n=13) participated in a genetic counselling session. The session was a clinical intervention similar to what would be carried out as part of a referral for any disease with a hereditary component, but specific for @entity716 . Questionnaires were used to assess (pre-counselling): motivations for attending, concern about other relatives developing @entity146 , and (post-counselling) whether the intervention: (i) improved understanding of @entity1032 ; (ii) modified concern about other relatives becoming affected; and (iii) was perceived to be useful. RESULTS: Desire for knowledge motivated participation. Immediately after the session, and 1 month later >92% and 100% of @entity1 , respectively, felt that the session was useful. Genetic counselling reduced concern about other relatives becoming affected as risks were lower than @entity1 had expected. All @entity1 felt that their understanding of the causes of @entity146 had improved through genetic counselling. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric genetic counselling may benefit parents of individuals with @entity146 illnesses. Avenues for future research are highlighted.

title: Psychiatric genetic counselling for parents of individuals affected with XXXX : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric illness', 'psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity914 :: (MESH:D011618,Disease) :: ['psychotic disorders']


abstract: Natural killer T cells with invariant ab-T cell receptors (TCRs) (iNKT cells) constitute a lipid-responsive arm of the innate immune system that has been implicated in the regulation or promotion of various immune, infectious and @entity5 . @entity5526 ( @entity5526 ), also known as @entity56 or @entity56 contact @entity1909 , is one such immune process that begins with topical sensitization to an allergen and culminates in a localized cutaneous inflammatory response after challenge with the same allergen. @entity5526 depends on events initiated early in sensitization by hepatic iNKT cells. We have shown previously that these iNKT cells release @entity58 early after skin sensitization to activate B-1 B cells to produce IgM antibodies that aid in local recruitment of the effector T cells. Here, we utilize adoptive transfer techniques in several strains of knockout @entity19 to demonstrate that hepatic lipids isolated 30 min after sensitization are significantly more stimulatory to na  ve hepatic iNKT cells than hepatic lipids isolated after sham sensitization. These stimulatory hepatic lipids specifically affect iNKT cells and not B-1 B cells. The downstream @entity5526 response is abrogated with anti- @entity776 -blocking antibodies, suggesting a critical role of @entity776 in the activation of hepatic iNKT cells with these lipids. Hepatocytes may not be essential, as donor hepatic iNKT cells can reconstitute @entity5526 without migrating to the recipient @entity19 liver. Rather, @entity776 -expressing liver mononuclear cells are sufficient for activation of iNKT cells. In conclusion, stimulatory lipids accumulate in the liver soon after sensitization and facilitate iNKT cell activation in a @entity776 -dependent yet potentially hepatocyte-independent manner.

title: Stimulatory lipids accumulate in the @entity19 liver within 30 min of contact sensitization to facilitate the activation of Na  ve iNKT cells in a XXXX -dependent fashion.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic processes']

entities_list: @entity5526 :: ('MESH:D003877', 'Disease') :: ['CS', 'Contact sensitivity']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['contact hypersensitivity', 'allergic']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

answer: @entity776 :: (12479(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['CD1d']


abstract: Natural killer T cells with invariant ab-T cell receptors (TCRs) (iNKT cells) constitute a lipid-responsive arm of the innate immune system that has been implicated in the regulation or promotion of various immune, infectious and @entity5 . @entity5526 ( @entity5526 ), also known as @entity56 or @entity56 contact @entity1909 , is one such immune process that begins with topical sensitization to an allergen and culminates in a localized cutaneous inflammatory response after challenge with the same allergen. @entity5526 depends on events initiated early in sensitization by hepatic iNKT cells. We have shown previously that these iNKT cells release @entity58 early after skin sensitization to activate B-1 B cells to produce IgM antibodies that aid in local recruitment of the effector T cells. Here, we utilize adoptive transfer techniques in several strains of knockout @entity19 to demonstrate that hepatic lipids isolated 30 min after sensitization are significantly more stimulatory to na  ve hepatic iNKT cells than hepatic lipids isolated after sham sensitization. These stimulatory hepatic lipids specifically affect iNKT cells and not B-1 B cells. The downstream @entity5526 response is abrogated with anti- @entity776 -blocking antibodies, suggesting a critical role of @entity776 in the activation of hepatic iNKT cells with these lipids. Hepatocytes may not be essential, as donor hepatic iNKT cells can reconstitute @entity5526 without migrating to the recipient @entity19 liver. Rather, @entity776 -expressing liver mononuclear cells are sufficient for activation of iNKT cells. In conclusion, stimulatory lipids accumulate in the liver soon after sensitization and facilitate iNKT cell activation in a @entity776 -dependent yet potentially hepatocyte-independent manner.

title: Stimulatory lipids accumulate in the XXXX liver within 30 min of contact sensitization to facilitate the activation of Na  ve iNKT cells in a @entity776 -dependent fashion.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of heating and bandage treatment for chronic @entity4269 of @entity1746 accompanied with @entity13171 . METHODS: From March 2004 to March 2013, 80 @entity1 with chronic @entity4269 of @entity1746 accompanied with @entity13171 were analyzed retrospectively. The @entity1 underwent heating treatment (42 degree centigrade) with infrared light machine made by Shanghai Ninth @entity1 's Hospital, 2 hours a day, 20 hours for a session. Bandage treatment was adopted after heating treatment. 1 or 2 sessions were performed for each @entity1 every year. The @entity13171 occurring frequency, @entity1 subjective feeling, treatment sessions and elastic material usage was recorded during the follow-up period. The @entity13171 occurring frequency was tested by the method of rank and inspection. SPSS 17. 0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After heating and bandage treatment, the occurrence frequency of @entity13171 was obviously controlled (Z = 7.598, P = 0.000). Erysipelas was not occurred any more in 60 (75%) @entity1 . Remarkable reduction of occurrence frequency of @entity13171 caused by various reasons was showed after treatment. Primary and secondary @entity4269 after treatment were compared with those before treatment respectively, showing statistical difference (Z = 3.417 and 5.009, P = 0.001 and 0.000). Most of @entity1 felt better subjectively. The relapse rate of @entity13171 and @entity4269 was lower if keeping using elastic material to give more pressure on @entity1746 after therapy. CONLUSIONS: Heating and bandage treatment can obviously reduce the occurrence frequency of @entity13171 . It can improve the quality of @entity1 ' lives. Simultaneously, the subsequent elastic material pressure therapy is essential.

title: [Therapeutic effect of heating and bandage treatment for chronic XXXX of @entity1746 accompanied with @entity13171 : a report of 80 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'People']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity13171 :: ('MESH:D004886', 'Disease') :: ['erysipelas']

entities_list: @entity1746 :: ('MESH:D020335', 'Disease') :: ['extremities']

answer: @entity4269 :: (MESH:D008209,Disease) :: ['lymphedema']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of heating and bandage treatment for chronic @entity4269 of @entity1746 accompanied with @entity13171 . METHODS: From March 2004 to March 2013, 80 @entity1 with chronic @entity4269 of @entity1746 accompanied with @entity13171 were analyzed retrospectively. The @entity1 underwent heating treatment (42 degree centigrade) with infrared light machine made by Shanghai Ninth @entity1 's Hospital, 2 hours a day, 20 hours for a session. Bandage treatment was adopted after heating treatment. 1 or 2 sessions were performed for each @entity1 every year. The @entity13171 occurring frequency, @entity1 subjective feeling, treatment sessions and elastic material usage was recorded during the follow-up period. The @entity13171 occurring frequency was tested by the method of rank and inspection. SPSS 17. 0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After heating and bandage treatment, the occurrence frequency of @entity13171 was obviously controlled (Z = 7.598, P = 0.000). Erysipelas was not occurred any more in 60 (75%) @entity1 . Remarkable reduction of occurrence frequency of @entity13171 caused by various reasons was showed after treatment. Primary and secondary @entity4269 after treatment were compared with those before treatment respectively, showing statistical difference (Z = 3.417 and 5.009, P = 0.001 and 0.000). Most of @entity1 felt better subjectively. The relapse rate of @entity13171 and @entity4269 was lower if keeping using elastic material to give more pressure on @entity1746 after therapy. CONLUSIONS: Heating and bandage treatment can obviously reduce the occurrence frequency of @entity13171 . It can improve the quality of @entity1 ' lives. Simultaneously, the subsequent elastic material pressure therapy is essential.

title: [Therapeutic effect of heating and bandage treatment for chronic @entity4269 of XXXX accompanied with @entity13171 : a report of 80 cases].

answer: @entity1746 :: (MESH:D020335,Disease) :: ['extremities']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of heating and bandage treatment for chronic @entity4269 of @entity1746 accompanied with @entity13171 . METHODS: From March 2004 to March 2013, 80 @entity1 with chronic @entity4269 of @entity1746 accompanied with @entity13171 were analyzed retrospectively. The @entity1 underwent heating treatment (42 degree centigrade) with infrared light machine made by Shanghai Ninth @entity1 's Hospital, 2 hours a day, 20 hours for a session. Bandage treatment was adopted after heating treatment. 1 or 2 sessions were performed for each @entity1 every year. The @entity13171 occurring frequency, @entity1 subjective feeling, treatment sessions and elastic material usage was recorded during the follow-up period. The @entity13171 occurring frequency was tested by the method of rank and inspection. SPSS 17. 0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After heating and bandage treatment, the occurrence frequency of @entity13171 was obviously controlled (Z = 7.598, P = 0.000). Erysipelas was not occurred any more in 60 (75%) @entity1 . Remarkable reduction of occurrence frequency of @entity13171 caused by various reasons was showed after treatment. Primary and secondary @entity4269 after treatment were compared with those before treatment respectively, showing statistical difference (Z = 3.417 and 5.009, P = 0.001 and 0.000). Most of @entity1 felt better subjectively. The relapse rate of @entity13171 and @entity4269 was lower if keeping using elastic material to give more pressure on @entity1746 after therapy. CONLUSIONS: Heating and bandage treatment can obviously reduce the occurrence frequency of @entity13171 . It can improve the quality of @entity1 ' lives. Simultaneously, the subsequent elastic material pressure therapy is essential.

title: [Therapeutic effect of heating and bandage treatment for chronic @entity4269 of @entity1746 accompanied with XXXX : a report of 80 cases].

answer: @entity13171 :: (MESH:D004886,Disease) :: ['erysipelas']