abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neurosurgical @entity1 . Despite the overall poor prognosis a range in survival times exists. Many approaches have been undertaken to define @entity1 subgroups based on molecular changes. The aim of this study was to assess a possible correlation between the immunohistochemical @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression and age. METHOD: 143 @entity1 (77 male, 66 female) were included in this retrospective study who underwent craniotomy for newly-diagnosed @entity463 between May 1994 and February 2000. For statistical analysis, @entity1 were separated into three age groups: 1. < 40 years, 2. 40-60 years, 3. > 60 years. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was performed using anti- @entity876 (clone DO-1), anti- @entity7465 (clone @entity32934 ), anti- @entity470 (clone H11) and anti- @entity4311 antibodies (clone AB-1). The results were compared with the Ki67/ @entity1758 proliferation index (Ki67 PI) and @entity1 survival. FINDINGS: @entity876 protein expression was significantly decreasing with advanced age (p < 0.05) whereas @entity470 and @entity7465 expression was increasing (p < 0.05; p=0.01). @entity4311 expression was unrelated to age. Multivariate analysis revealed @entity4311 protein expression as a significant predictor of prolonged survival (p=0.004) whereas @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 were not associated with @entity1 survival. @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression was not associated with the Ki67 PI. INTERPRETATION: Our results support the hypothesis that in @entity463 @entity1 a complex relationship exists between the @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 expression and age. @entity4311 expression is not related to age. Notably, nuclear @entity4311 expression turned out to be an independent prognostic indicator.

title: Age-related expression of XXXX , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 in @entity463 multiforme.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'Glioblastoma multiforme']

answer: @entity876 :: (7157,Gene) :: ['p53']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neurosurgical @entity1 . Despite the overall poor prognosis a range in survival times exists. Many approaches have been undertaken to define @entity1 subgroups based on molecular changes. The aim of this study was to assess a possible correlation between the immunohistochemical @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression and age. METHOD: 143 @entity1 (77 male, 66 female) were included in this retrospective study who underwent craniotomy for newly-diagnosed @entity463 between May 1994 and February 2000. For statistical analysis, @entity1 were separated into three age groups: 1. < 40 years, 2. 40-60 years, 3. > 60 years. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was performed using anti- @entity876 (clone DO-1), anti- @entity7465 (clone @entity32934 ), anti- @entity470 (clone H11) and anti- @entity4311 antibodies (clone AB-1). The results were compared with the Ki67/ @entity1758 proliferation index (Ki67 PI) and @entity1 survival. FINDINGS: @entity876 protein expression was significantly decreasing with advanced age (p < 0.05) whereas @entity470 and @entity7465 expression was increasing (p < 0.05; p=0.01). @entity4311 expression was unrelated to age. Multivariate analysis revealed @entity4311 protein expression as a significant predictor of prolonged survival (p=0.004) whereas @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 were not associated with @entity1 survival. @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression was not associated with the Ki67 PI. INTERPRETATION: Our results support the hypothesis that in @entity463 @entity1 a complex relationship exists between the @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 expression and age. @entity4311 expression is not related to age. Notably, nuclear @entity4311 expression turned out to be an independent prognostic indicator.

title: Age-related expression of @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 in XXXX multiforme.

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neurosurgical @entity1 . Despite the overall poor prognosis a range in survival times exists. Many approaches have been undertaken to define @entity1 subgroups based on molecular changes. The aim of this study was to assess a possible correlation between the immunohistochemical @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression and age. METHOD: 143 @entity1 (77 male, 66 female) were included in this retrospective study who underwent craniotomy for newly-diagnosed @entity463 between May 1994 and February 2000. For statistical analysis, @entity1 were separated into three age groups: 1. < 40 years, 2. 40-60 years, 3. > 60 years. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was performed using anti- @entity876 (clone DO-1), anti- @entity7465 (clone @entity32934 ), anti- @entity470 (clone H11) and anti- @entity4311 antibodies (clone AB-1). The results were compared with the Ki67/ @entity1758 proliferation index (Ki67 PI) and @entity1 survival. FINDINGS: @entity876 protein expression was significantly decreasing with advanced age (p < 0.05) whereas @entity470 and @entity7465 expression was increasing (p < 0.05; p=0.01). @entity4311 expression was unrelated to age. Multivariate analysis revealed @entity4311 protein expression as a significant predictor of prolonged survival (p=0.004) whereas @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 were not associated with @entity1 survival. @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression was not associated with the Ki67 PI. INTERPRETATION: Our results support the hypothesis that in @entity463 @entity1 a complex relationship exists between the @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 expression and age. @entity4311 expression is not related to age. Notably, nuclear @entity4311 expression turned out to be an independent prognostic indicator.

title: Age-related expression of @entity876 , @entity7465 , XXXX and @entity4311 in @entity463 multiforme.

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['EGFR']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neurosurgical @entity1 . Despite the overall poor prognosis a range in survival times exists. Many approaches have been undertaken to define @entity1 subgroups based on molecular changes. The aim of this study was to assess a possible correlation between the immunohistochemical @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression and age. METHOD: 143 @entity1 (77 male, 66 female) were included in this retrospective study who underwent craniotomy for newly-diagnosed @entity463 between May 1994 and February 2000. For statistical analysis, @entity1 were separated into three age groups: 1. < 40 years, 2. 40-60 years, 3. > 60 years. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was performed using anti- @entity876 (clone DO-1), anti- @entity7465 (clone @entity32934 ), anti- @entity470 (clone H11) and anti- @entity4311 antibodies (clone AB-1). The results were compared with the Ki67/ @entity1758 proliferation index (Ki67 PI) and @entity1 survival. FINDINGS: @entity876 protein expression was significantly decreasing with advanced age (p < 0.05) whereas @entity470 and @entity7465 expression was increasing (p < 0.05; p=0.01). @entity4311 expression was unrelated to age. Multivariate analysis revealed @entity4311 protein expression as a significant predictor of prolonged survival (p=0.004) whereas @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 were not associated with @entity1 survival. @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression was not associated with the Ki67 PI. INTERPRETATION: Our results support the hypothesis that in @entity463 @entity1 a complex relationship exists between the @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 expression and age. @entity4311 expression is not related to age. Notably, nuclear @entity4311 expression turned out to be an independent prognostic indicator.

title: Age-related expression of @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and XXXX in @entity463 multiforme.

answer: @entity4311 :: (4436,Gene) :: ['Msh2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neurosurgical @entity1 . Despite the overall poor prognosis a range in survival times exists. Many approaches have been undertaken to define @entity1 subgroups based on molecular changes. The aim of this study was to assess a possible correlation between the immunohistochemical @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression and age. METHOD: 143 @entity1 (77 male, 66 female) were included in this retrospective study who underwent craniotomy for newly-diagnosed @entity463 between May 1994 and February 2000. For statistical analysis, @entity1 were separated into three age groups: 1. < 40 years, 2. 40-60 years, 3. > 60 years. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was performed using anti- @entity876 (clone DO-1), anti- @entity7465 (clone @entity32934 ), anti- @entity470 (clone H11) and anti- @entity4311 antibodies (clone AB-1). The results were compared with the Ki67/ @entity1758 proliferation index (Ki67 PI) and @entity1 survival. FINDINGS: @entity876 protein expression was significantly decreasing with advanced age (p < 0.05) whereas @entity470 and @entity7465 expression was increasing (p < 0.05; p=0.01). @entity4311 expression was unrelated to age. Multivariate analysis revealed @entity4311 protein expression as a significant predictor of prolonged survival (p=0.004) whereas @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 were not associated with @entity1 survival. @entity876 , @entity7465 , @entity470 and @entity4311 expression was not associated with the Ki67 PI. INTERPRETATION: Our results support the hypothesis that in @entity463 @entity1 a complex relationship exists between the @entity876 , @entity7465 and @entity470 expression and age. @entity4311 expression is not related to age. Notably, nuclear @entity4311 expression turned out to be an independent prognostic indicator.

title: Age-related expression of @entity876 , XXXX , @entity470 and @entity4311 in @entity463 multiforme.

answer: @entity7465 :: (4193,Gene) :: ['Mdm2']


abstract: A simple and sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the determination of @entity3360 (NC) in @entity95 plasma. @entity3360 and @entity3931 , used as internal standard, were initially extracted from plasma by a rapid solid-phase extraction using C(18) cartridges. After extraction, @entity3360 was separated by HPLC on a C(18) column and quantified by ultraviolet detection at 254 nm. A mixture of @entity1626 -0.02 M @entity10457 buffer- @entity1042 (45:40:15) with 0.2% of @entity1040 of pH of 6.1 was used as mobile phase. The mean (+/-SD) extraction efficiency of NC was 77.56 +/- 5.4, 84.23 +/- 4.32 and 83.94 +/- 3.87% for drug concentrations of 5, 25 and 100 ng/mL, respectively. The method proved to be linear in the range of 5-100 ng/mL with a regression coefficient of 0.9993. The relative standard deviations of intra- and inter-day analysis for NC in plasma were 3.26-6.52% (n = 5) and 4.71-9.38% (n = 5), respectively. The differences of the mean value measured from the concentration prepared, expressed in percentages (bias percentage), were only - 5.2, 0.4 and 0.8% at NC 5, 25 and 50 ng/mL, which confirmed the accuracy of the method. The analytical technique was used to determine NC plasma concentration after drug oral administration to @entity95 . The results inferred that NC is rapidly absorbed in @entity95 and has a short half-life (t(1/2) = 1.34 h).

title: A simple method for XXXX quantification in plasma using solid-phase extraction and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

entities_list: @entity1040 :: ('MESH:C016162', 'Chemical') :: ['triethylamine']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity3931 :: ('MESH:D009553', 'Chemical') :: ['nimodipine']

entities_list: @entity3360 :: ('MESH:D009529', 'Chemical') :: ['Nicardipine hydrochloride', 'nicardipine hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity10457 :: ('MESH:C018279', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium phosphate']

answer: @entity3360 :: (MESH:D009529,Chemical) :: ['nicardipine hydrochloride']


abstract: AIMS OF THE STUDY: @entity7276 ( @entity7276 ) is a @entity14451 manifesting as @entity417 , recurrent @entity1087 , @entity381 with marked heterogeneity in clinical presentation. The objective was to study the clinical spectrum of the disorder in India. METHODOLOGY: We studied 50 @entity7276 @entity1 and followed them for up to six years (Age range 2-47 years). RESULTS: The presenting features were @entity1087 35 out of 50, @entity417 30 out of 50 (requiring blood transfusion in 25). @entity381 was found in all @entity1 . @entity2100 was found in all @entity1 whereas spherocytes were found in only 19 out of 42 @entity1 . Reduced red cell survival was noted in 9/12 @entity1 studied with 51Cr labeled RBCs. There was a definite improvement in the hemoglobin values in those who underwent splenectomy. Thirteen cases had similarly affected family member/s. Fifteen of the cases had family history consistent with @entity74 ( @entity74 ) inheritance (eight families) while in six cases (5 families), inheritance was likely to be autosomal recessive (AR). There was intrafamilial variability in the age of presentation in the @entity74 families. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that both @entity74 and recessive patterns of @entity7276 are seen in India and the clinical profile of the Indian @entity7276 @entity1 is similar to that described in other populations. @entity7276 presenting in childhood is also not uncommon. However, the predominant underlying protein defect in Indian @entity1 needs to be characterized.

title: Clinical profile of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7276 :: ('MESH:D013103', 'Disease') :: ['HS', 'Hereditary spherocytosis']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['Increased osmotic fragility']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly', 'Splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity14451 :: ('MESH:D000745', 'Disease') :: ['familial hemolytic disorder']

answer: @entity7276 :: (MESH:D013103,Disease) :: ['hereditary spherocytosis in North India']


abstract: Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase which helps to stabilize the length of telomeres by adding TTAGGG repeats onto the telomeres that enables unlimited division of the cell. Absence of telomerase activity causes replication senescence and cell death. Activity of telomerase was detected in embryonal, gonadal and @entity5 cells, but was not detected in adult somatic tissues with the exception of tissues containing stem cells. Telomerase inhibitors are being considered as potential anticancer drugs with the hope that the lack of telomerase expression in normal somatic cells would result in a higher specific therapy with fewer side effects than conventional chemotherapy. Because of high activity of telomerase in gonadal cells, we hypothesized that one of the drugs which selectively interfere with spermatogenesis may act like a telomerase inhibitor. @entity6319 is a male contraceptive derived from @entity2708 seeds. It causes suppression of spermatogenesis by an unknown mechanism. It has a non-endocrine inhibiting effect on spermatogenesis, gradual onset of action, and irreversible suppression of spermatogenesis with increasing length of use. It also has an antiproliferative effect on cell lines derived from @entity5 , mild antineoplastic action in vivo with few side effects. It has mild inhibiting influence on the replication of @entity645 via possible inhibition of reverse transcriptase @entity645 . This shows its possible telomerase inhibiting activity. It appears that @entity6319 is a potential new drug for @entity5 therapy, because of its spermatotoxic and cytotoxic activity on cell lines derivided from @entity5 . We posit that the use of @entity6319 in combination with other anticancer chemotherapeutics can lead to a more effective therapy of @entity1 @entity5 . (Ref. 47.).

title: Telomerase inhibitors in anticancer therapy: XXXX as a potential telomerase inhibitor.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['testicular cancer', 'cancer', 'testicular tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity6319 :: ('MESH:D006072', 'Chemical') :: ['gossypol', 'Gossypol']

answer: @entity6319 :: (MESH:D006072,Chemical) :: ['gossypol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 diagnosis as penil @entity174 and treated with surgical methods were evaluated retrospectively between January 1990-February 2002. METHODS: @entity1 were evaluated by age, @entity130 type, time passed after the @entity130 , physical examination and radiologic data. RESULTS: The cause of @entity130 was @entity130 in all @entity1 . 14 @entity130 (60.8%) were during sexual activity, 6 @entity130 (26%) were during handling the erective penis in morning erection, 3 of @entity130 (13%) were due to the rolling on to the penis. @entity548 was seen in 1 @entity1 and microscopic @entity811 was detected in 5 @entity1 . Subcoronal circular incision was carried out in 16 @entity1 (69.5%), semicircular incision was done directly on the injury in 6 @entity1 (26%) and from penis radix to scrotum was done in 1 @entity1 (4.3%). There was unilateral corpus cavernosum injury in 21 @entity1 . Bilateral corpus cavernosum injury in 1 @entity1 , corpuscavernosum, corpus spongiosum and @entity130 in 1 @entity1 . @entity2737 was detected only in 2 @entity1 at postoperatively early period. After evaluating 20 @entity1 with medical history and physical examination in postoperative control penil curvature permitting sexual activity was detected in 3 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: We concluded that @entity1 with penil @entity174 may be treated with low complication rate by early surgical procedure.

title: [Surgical treatment of penil XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Urethral bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['Wound infection']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma', 'incomplent urethral injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: In central nervous system (CNS) tissue preparations, wild-type @entity3597 ( @entity3598 ) mainly infects neurons, and in vivo it causes lethal @entity198 in neonatal and adult rodents. The @entity3598 A7(74), by contrast, is avirulent in adult rodents, triggering only limited CNS @entity281 . To examine A7(74) @entity281 in hippocampal tissue, the authors constructed a replicon, termed @entity3598 (A774nsP)-GFP, expressing green fluorescent protein. The results were compared to replication-proficient recombinant A7(74) encoding GFP, named VA7-EGFP. As nonstructural gene mutations can confer temperature sensitivity, the authors also tested whether @entity281 was temperature-dependent. Indeed, at 31 degrees C both viral recombinants transduced significantly more baby hamster kidney cells than at 37 degrees C. When @entity35 hippocampal slices and dissociated cells were incubated at 37 degrees C, @entity3598 (A774nsP)-GFP transduced glial cells but virtually no neurons-the opposite of conventional @entity3598 . For VA7-EGFP at 37 degrees C, the preferred GFP-positive cells in hippocampal slices were also non-neuronal cells. At 31 degrees C, however, a more wild-type phenotype was found, with 33% and 94% of the GFP-positive cells being neurons for @entity3598 (A774nsP)-GFP in slices and dissociated cells, respectively, and 94% neurons for VA7-EGFP in slices. Immunochemical and electrophysiological analyses confirmed that at 37 degrees C virtually all cells transduced by @entity3598 (A774nsP)-GFP in slices were astrocytes, while at 31 degrees C they also contained neurons. These results show that in addition to the developmental age, the temperature determines which cell type becomes infected by A7(74). Our data suggest that A7(74) is avirulent in adult animals because it does not readily replicate in mature neurons at body temperature, whereas it still does so at lower temperatures.

title: XXXX A7(74) transduces hippocampal neurons and glial cells in a temperature-dependent dual manner.

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3597 :: ('11033', 'Species') :: ['Semliki Forest virus']

answer: @entity3597 :: (11033,Species) :: ['Semliki Forest virus']


abstract: @entity4789 ( @entity4789 ) is an @entity792 caused by the Gram-positive bacteria @entity4195 following an untreated @entity281 in susceptible @entity1 . @entity6331 ( @entity6331 ), the most serious complication, occurs in 30-45% of @entity4789 @entity1 and leads to chronic @entity340 . Here, we focus on the genes that confer susceptibility for developing this disease. Molecular mimicry mediates the cross-reactions between streptococcal antigens and @entity1 proteins. Several autoantigens have been identified, including cardiac @entity20383 , @entity2277 , and other intracellular proteins. In heart tissue, antigen-driven oligoclonal T cell expansions probably cause the @entity6331 . These cells are @entity404 + and produce inflammatory cytokines ( @entity310 and @entity379 ). @entity3646 + cells are found in the myocardium; however, these cells are very scarce in the @entity340 of @entity6331 @entity1 . @entity3646 is a Th2-type cytokine and plays a regulatory role in the inflammatory response mediated by @entity1198 cytokines. Our findings indicate that the @entity1198 /Th2 cytokine balance has a role in healing @entity2401 while the low numbers of @entity3646 -producing cells in the valves probably induced the progressive and permanent @entity16 .

title: XXXX : mediation by complex immune events.

entities_list: @entity4789 :: ('MESH:D012213', 'Disease') :: ['RF', 'Rheumatic fever']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6331 :: ('MESH:D012214', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic heart lesions', 'RHD', 'Rheumatic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['valve damage']

entities_list: @entity4195 :: ('1314', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pyogenes']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['throat infection']

entities_list: @entity20383 :: ('MESH:C564253', 'Disease') :: ['myosin epitopes']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valve lesions', 'valvular lesions']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity6331 :: (MESH:D012214,Disease) :: ['Rheumatic heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity883 is a frequently observed condition, but its optimal management continues to be debated. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the available guidelines, developed at the national level, for the management of @entity883 in Western countries, with a focus on their differences. METHODS: A literature search was conducted of the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, TRIP, and MEDLINE databases from their inception (1993 for the Cochrane Library, 1980 for EMBASE, 1997 for TRIP, and 1966 for MEDLINE) through April 25, 2010. The following search terms were used: @entity7551 , sore throat, @entity5389 , pharyngotonsillitis, @entity4195 , Group A b-haemolytic @entity4195 , and @entity883 . Searches were limited to type of article or document (practice guideline or guideline) with no language restrictions or language limits. RESULTS: Twelve national guidelines were identified: 6 from European countries (France, United Kingdom, Finland, Holland, Scotland, and Belgium), 5 from the United States, and 1 from Canada. Recommendations differ substantially with regard to the use of a rapid antigen diagnostic test or throat culture and the indications for antibiotic treatment. The North American, Finnish, and French guidelines recommend performing one timely microbiologic investigation in suspected cases, and prescribing antibiotics in confirmed cases to prevent suppurative complications and @entity4789 . According to the remaining European guidelines, however, acute sore throat is considered a benign, self-limiting disease. Microbiologic tests are not routinely recommended by these latter guidelines, and antibiotic treatment is reserved for well-selected cases. The use of the Centor score, for evaluation of the risk of @entity883 , is recommended by several guidelines, but subsequent decisions on the basis of the results differ in terms of which subjects should undergo microbiologic investigation. All guidelines agree that narrow-spectrum penicillin is the first choice of antibiotic for the treatment of @entity883 and that treatment should last for 10 days to eradicate the microorganism. Once-daily @entity115 was recommended by 2 US guidelines as equally effective. CONCLUSION: The present review found substantial discrepancies in the recommendations for the management of @entity7551 among national guidelines in @entity4324 .

title: Analysis of different recommendations from international guidelines for the management of acute XXXX in adults and children.

entities_list: @entity4789 :: ('MESH:D012213', 'Disease') :: ['acute rheumatic fever']

entities_list: @entity883 :: ('MESH:D013290', 'Disease') :: ['streptococcal pharyngitis', 'streptococcal infection', 'Streptococcal pharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity7551 :: ('MESH:D010612', 'Disease') :: ['pharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity5389 :: ('MESH:D014069', 'Disease') :: ['tonsillitis']

entities_list: @entity4324 :: ('MESH:C567261', 'Disease') :: ['Europe and North America']

answer: @entity7551 :: (MESH:D010612,Disease) :: ['pharyngitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this series of studies was to investigate the effects of inflammatory diseases occurring before breeding on the developmental biology and reproductive responses in dairy @entity291 . Data from 5 studies were used to investigate different questions associating health status before breeding and reproductive responses. Health information for all studies was composed of the incidence of retained fetal membranes, metritis, @entity1271 , @entity1273 , and respiratory and digestive problems from parturition until the day of breeding. @entity1268 and metritis were grouped as @entity1478 ( @entity1478 ). @entity1271 , @entity1273 , digestive and respiratory problems were grouped as nonuterine diseases (NUTD). Study 1 evaluated the effect of disease before artificial insemination (AI), anovulation before synchronization of the estrous cycle, and low body condition score at AI on pregnancy per AI, as well as their potential interactions or additive effects. Study 2 investigated the effect of site of @entity32 ( @entity1478 vs. NUTD) and time of occurrence relative to preantral or antral stages of ovulatory follicle development, and the effect of @entity1478 and NUTD on fertility responses of @entity291 bred by AI or by embryo transfer. Study 3 evaluated the effect of disease on fertilization and embryonic development to the morula stage. Study 4 evaluated the effect of disease on preimplantation conceptus development as well as secretion of IFN-   and transcriptome. Study 5 investigated the effect of diseases before AI on the transcript expression of interferon-stimulated genes in peripheral blood leukocytes during peri-implantation stages of conceptus development after first AI postpartum. Altogether, these studies demonstrated that @entity32 before breeding reduced fertilization of oocytes and development to morula, and @entity73 development to elongation stages and secretion of IFN-   in the uterine lumen. @entity66 caused @entity32 -like changes in transcriptome of conceptus cells, increased risk of @entity393 , and reduced pregnancy or calving per breeding. Moreover, the effects on reproduction were independent of cyclic status before synchronization of the estrous cycle and body condition score at breeding, which all had additive negative effects on fertility of dairy @entity291 . Occurrence of disease at preantral or at antral stages of ovulatory follicle development had similar detrimental effects on pregnancy results. The carryover effects of diseases on developmental biology might last longer than 4 mo. Reduced oocyte competence is a likely reason for carryover effects of diseases on developmental biology, but impaired uterine environment was also shown to be involved.

title: Carryover effect of postpartum inflammatory diseases on developmental biology and fertility in lactating dairy XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'inflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Diseases']

entities_list: @entity1268 :: ('MESH:D018457', 'Disease') :: ['Retained placenta']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired early conceptus']

entities_list: @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['UTD', 'uterine disease']

entities_list: @entity1271 :: ('MESH:D008413', 'Disease') :: ['Mastitis', 'mastitis']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of the Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score and progression-free survival (PFS) in @entity1 with @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). The MAP score is derived from cross-sectional imaging measurements of perinephric fat thickness and stranding. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 456 @entity1 from a prospective registry who were treated surgically for localized @entity1358 between 2002 and 2014. One reviewer calculated a preoperative MAP score (0-5) for each @entity1 . Kaplan-Meier curves were utilized to estimate PFS. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association of MAP score with risk of progression univariately and after adjusting for covariates such as age, body mass index (BMI), and size, stage, grade, @entity39 scores. RESULTS: @entity1 with higher MAP scores (4-5) were more likely to be male, to be older, to have higher BMI, and to have @entity5 (all P   <.01). Of our total cohort, 405 @entity1 had MAP scores and follow-up data to assess PFS. Dichotomizing MAP scores into high (MAP 4-5) and low (MAP 0-3) yields a hazard ratio of 2.16 for the 4-5 group vs 0-3 (95% confidence interval: 1.15-4.06, P   =   .017). Adjustment for BMI did not alter the association (BMI-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] =   2.20 [1.07-4.52], P   =   .032). Of interest, the association with MAP and PFS remains for @entity2558 @entity1358 @entity1 (n   =   287, HR   =   3.46 [1.06-11.24], P   =   .039). CONCLUSION: High MAP scores (4-5) are associated with decreased PFS in @entity1 surgically treated for clinically localized @entity1358 compared with @entity1 with lower MAP scores (0-3). @entity1358 may be associated with perinephric fat thickness and stranding.

title: Mayo Adhesive Probability Score Is Associated With XXXX Progression-free Survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['larger tumors']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['RCC aggressiveness', 'renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Treatment of extremely large @entity7026 ( @entity2758 ) remains challenging. Although volume-staged stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a possible multimodal treatment option for such lesions, reports of these procedures are scarce. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of volume-staged SRS in @entity1 with @entity2758 >20 cm(3) with more than 3 years of follow-up. MEHODS: Between 2005 and 2012, 18 @entity1 with AVMs >20 cm(3) were treated by volume-staged SRS. The median target volume was 38 cm(3) (interquartile range, IQR, 31-53 cm(3)). Treatment was 2-3 staged with a median 6 months interval. RESULTS: The median follow up period from last SRS treatment was 53 months (IQR, 41-75 months). @entity1939 was achieved in 6 @entity1 (33%), and the obliteration rate at 5 years after initial SRS was 35% by the Kaplan-Meier method. The annual @entity548 rate after last SRS treatment was 3.9% (95% confidence interval, 0.8-11.5%). Two @entity1 experienced radiation-induced adverse effects. CONCLUSINOS: In our series, volume-staged SRS for @entity2758 > 20cm(3) achieved nidus obliteration at the rate of 35% at 5 years. There was still a high risk for @entity548 (approximately 4 % / year) after treatment, which seemed to be higher than the rate observed in common post-treatment course of single-session SRS for @entity2758 with average size. Further cases will help determine whether this challenging treatment method could be regularly considered, based on its efficacy and risks, including comparison with the natural history of large AVMs.

title: Outcomes of volume-staged radiosurgery for cerebral XXXX larger than 20cm3 with more than 3years of follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7026 :: ('MESH:D002538', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral arteriovenous malformation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['Complete nidus obliteration']

answer: @entity2758 :: (MESH:D001165,Disease) :: ['arteriovenous malformations']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To design and validate a questionnaire to assess the level of knowledge regarding @entity1277 in college students. DESIGN: Observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, with the design of the questionnaire based on a conceptual review and validation by a cognitive pre-test and pilot test-retest, with analysis of the psychometric properties in each application. LOCATION: University Foundation of Bages, Barcelona. @entity31265 community care. @entity1 : A total of 140 students from Health Sciences; 53 @entity1 and 87 @entity1 with a mean age of 21.87 years; 28 participated in the pre-test and 112 in the test-retests, 110 students completed the study. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Validity and stability study using Cronbach a and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient statistics; relationship skills with sex and type of study, non-parametric statistical Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests; for demographic variables, absolute or percentage frequencies, as well as mean, central tendency and standard deviation as measures of dispersion were calculated. The statistical significance level was 95% confidence. RESULTS: The questionnaire was obtained that had 10 questions divided into four dimensions (classification, demographics characteristics of @entity1 , risk factors and clinical manifestations of @entity1277 ). The scale showed good internal consistency in its final version (Cronbach a=0.724) and adequate stability (Pearson correlation 0.749). CONCLUSIONS: The designed tool can be accurately used to assess Health Sciences students' knowledge of @entity1277 .

title: [Design and validation of a questionnaire to assess the level of general knowledge on XXXX in students of Health Sciences].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders']

answer: @entity1277 :: (MESH:D001068,Disease) :: ['eating disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High intensity exercise is associated with several potentially thrombogenic risk factors, including dehydration and hemoconcentration, vascular @entity130 , @entity85 , @entity32 , long-distance travel, and contraceptive usage. These are well documented in case reports of @entity49 in track and field @entity2587 . For mountaineers and those working at high altitude, additional risks exist. However, despite there being a high degree of vigilance for "classic" conditions encountered at altitude (eg, @entity5754 , @entity3126 , and high altitude @entity2657 ), mainstream @entity3596 regarding thrombotic conditions and their complications in mountain @entity2587 is relatively low. This is significant because @entity1031 events (including @entity1150 , @entity1151 , and @entity5892 ) are not uncommon at altitude. We describe a case of @entity1150 and @entity1151 in a male mountain guide and discuss the diagnostic issues encountered by his medical practitioners. Potential risk factors affecting blood circulation (eg, seated car travel and compression of popliteal vein) and @entity1503 (eg, @entity519 , environmental and psychological stressors [avalanche risk, extreme cold]) relevant to the subject of this report and mountain @entity2587 in general are identified. Considerations for mitigating and managing @entity715 in addition to personalized care planning at altitude are discussed. The prevalence of @entity715 in mountain @entity2587 is uncharted, but lowlanders increasingly go to high altitude to @entity24351 , @entity88 , or climb. @entity4461 can and do occur in physically active @entity1 , and @entity715 prevention and recognition will demand heightened @entity3596 among @entity1 , healthcare practitioners, and the altitude sport/leisure industry at large.

title: @entity1150 and XXXX in a Mountain Guide: Awareness, Diagnostic Challenges, and Management Considerations at Altitude.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity5892 :: ('MESH:D020767', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral vascular thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['high altitude pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity3596 :: ('MESH:D058926', 'Disease') :: ['awareness']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep vein thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['blood hypercoagulability']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity4461 :: ('MESH:D020141', 'Disease') :: ['Blood clots']

entities_list: @entity5754 :: ('MESH:D000532', 'Disease') :: ['acute mountain sickness']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal injuries']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary Embolism']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High intensity exercise is associated with several potentially thrombogenic risk factors, including dehydration and hemoconcentration, vascular @entity130 , @entity85 , @entity32 , long-distance travel, and contraceptive usage. These are well documented in case reports of @entity49 in track and field @entity2587 . For mountaineers and those working at high altitude, additional risks exist. However, despite there being a high degree of vigilance for "classic" conditions encountered at altitude (eg, @entity5754 , @entity3126 , and high altitude @entity2657 ), mainstream @entity3596 regarding thrombotic conditions and their complications in mountain @entity2587 is relatively low. This is significant because @entity1031 events (including @entity1150 , @entity1151 , and @entity5892 ) are not uncommon at altitude. We describe a case of @entity1150 and @entity1151 in a male mountain guide and discuss the diagnostic issues encountered by his medical practitioners. Potential risk factors affecting blood circulation (eg, seated car travel and compression of popliteal vein) and @entity1503 (eg, @entity519 , environmental and psychological stressors [avalanche risk, extreme cold]) relevant to the subject of this report and mountain @entity2587 in general are identified. Considerations for mitigating and managing @entity715 in addition to personalized care planning at altitude are discussed. The prevalence of @entity715 in mountain @entity2587 is uncharted, but lowlanders increasingly go to high altitude to @entity24351 , @entity88 , or climb. @entity4461 can and do occur in physically active @entity1 , and @entity715 prevention and recognition will demand heightened @entity3596 among @entity1 , healthcare practitioners, and the altitude sport/leisure industry at large.

title: XXXX and @entity1151 in a Mountain Guide: Awareness, Diagnostic Challenges, and Management Considerations at Altitude.

answer: @entity1150 :: (MESH:D020246,Disease) :: ['Deep Vein Thrombosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nebulized antimicrobial agents are increasingly administered for treatment of @entity1729 in mechanically ventilated (MV) @entity1 . A structured online questionnaire assessing the indications, dosages and recent patterns of use for nebulized antimicrobial agents in MV @entity1 was developed. The questionnaire was distributed worldwide and completed by 192 intensive care units. The most common indications for using nebulized antimicrobial agent were @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ; 58/87), @entity2489 ( @entity2489 ; 56/87) and management of multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative (67/87) bacilli in the respiratory tract. The most common prescribed nebulized agents were @entity15388 and @entity597 (36/87, 41.3% and 24/87, 27.5%), @entity2890 (32/87, 36.7%) and @entity4509 (23/87, 26.4%). @entity15388 , @entity4509 and @entity2890 daily doses for @entity2489 were significantly higher than for @entity2489 (p  <  0.05). Combination of parenteral and nebulized antibiotics occurred in 50 (86%) of 58 prescriptions for @entity2489 and 36 (64.2%) of 56 of prescriptions for @entity2489 . The use of nebulized antimicrobial agents in MV @entity1 is common. There is marked heterogeneity in clinical practice, with significantly different in use between @entity1 with @entity2489 and @entity2489 . Randomized controlled clinical trials and international guidance on indications, dosing and antibiotic combinations to improve clinical outcomes are urgently required.

title: Global survey on nebulization of antimicrobial agents in mechanically ventilated XXXX : a call for international guidelines.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity4509 :: ('MESH:D000583', 'Chemical') :: ['amikacin']

entities_list: @entity2489 :: ('MESH:D053717', 'Disease') :: ['ventilator-associated pneumonia', 'VAP', 'ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis', 'VAT']

entities_list: @entity15388 :: ('CHEBI:34650', 'Chemical') :: ['Colistin methanesulfonate', 'colistin methanesulfonate']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate marginal adaptation, @entity174 load and failure types of CAD/ @entity5380 polymeric inlays. METHODS: Standardized prepared @entity1 molars (48) were divided into four groups (n=12): (A) PCG (positive control group); adhesively luted glass-ceramic inlays, (B) @entity14688 ; CAD/ @entity5380 polymeric inlays luted using a self-adhesive resin cement, (C) @entity5467 ; CAD/ @entity5380 polymeric inlays luted using a conventional resin cement, and (D) NCG (negative control group); direct-filled resin-based composite restorations. All specimens were subjected to a chewing simulator. Before and after chewing fatigue, marginal adaptation was assessed at two interfaces: (1) between dental hard tissues and luting cement and (2) between luting cement and restoration. Thereafter, the specimens were loaded and the @entity174 loads, as well as the failure types, were determined. The data were analysed using three- and one-way ANOVA with post hoc Scheff   test, two sample Student's t-test (p<0.05). RESULTS: Before and after chewing fatigue, marginal adaptation for interface 1 showed significantly better results for @entity14688 and PCG than for @entity5467 (p=0.001-0.02) and NCG (p=0.001-0.047). For interface 2, marginal adaptation for @entity5467 was significantly inferior to @entity14688 (p<0.001) and PCG (p<0.001). Chewing fatigue had a negative impact on the marginal adaptation of @entity5467 and NCG. No significant differences in @entity174 load were found between all tested groups. SIGNIFICANCE: Self-adhesive luted polymeric CAD/ @entity5380 inlays showed similar marginal adaptation and @entity174 load values compared to adhesively luted glass-ceramic inlays.

title: Marginal adaptation, @entity174 load and macroscopic failure mode of adhesively luted PMMA-based CAD/ XXXX inlays.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity5380 :: (MESH:D020786,Disease) :: ['CAM']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate marginal adaptation, @entity174 load and failure types of CAD/ @entity5380 polymeric inlays. METHODS: Standardized prepared @entity1 molars (48) were divided into four groups (n=12): (A) PCG (positive control group); adhesively luted glass-ceramic inlays, (B) @entity14688 ; CAD/ @entity5380 polymeric inlays luted using a self-adhesive resin cement, (C) @entity5467 ; CAD/ @entity5380 polymeric inlays luted using a conventional resin cement, and (D) NCG (negative control group); direct-filled resin-based composite restorations. All specimens were subjected to a chewing simulator. Before and after chewing fatigue, marginal adaptation was assessed at two interfaces: (1) between dental hard tissues and luting cement and (2) between luting cement and restoration. Thereafter, the specimens were loaded and the @entity174 loads, as well as the failure types, were determined. The data were analysed using three- and one-way ANOVA with post hoc Scheff   test, two sample Student's t-test (p<0.05). RESULTS: Before and after chewing fatigue, marginal adaptation for interface 1 showed significantly better results for @entity14688 and PCG than for @entity5467 (p=0.001-0.02) and NCG (p=0.001-0.047). For interface 2, marginal adaptation for @entity5467 was significantly inferior to @entity14688 (p<0.001) and PCG (p<0.001). Chewing fatigue had a negative impact on the marginal adaptation of @entity5467 and NCG. No significant differences in @entity174 load were found between all tested groups. SIGNIFICANCE: Self-adhesive luted polymeric CAD/ @entity5380 inlays showed similar marginal adaptation and @entity174 load values compared to adhesively luted glass-ceramic inlays.

title: Marginal adaptation, XXXX load and macroscopic failure mode of adhesively luted PMMA-based CAD/ @entity5380 inlays.

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: In this study, we included 236 @entity1 with @entity712 and ejection fraction (EF) <35% who underwent surgical treatment. @entity1 were randomized in two groups. There were 116 @entity1 who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) and 120 @entity1 who underwent CABG alone. The hospital mortality rate was 5.8% after isolated CABG and 3.5% after CABG combined with SVR. All survivors had follow-up investigation from four months to five years, with a mean follow-up time of 31  13 months. The mean New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class decreased from 2.9  0.5 to 2.2  0.7 one year after CABG and from 3.1  0.4 to 2.0  0.6 one year after CABG with SVR. We showed that left ventricular reconstruction significantly decreased EDV from 237  52 to 176  30 and correspondingly increased EF from 32  6 to 39  9. However, after isolated CABG EF did not increase significantly (32  7 preoperatively and 34  11 postoperatively). One- and three-year rates were 95% and 78% after SVR with CABG and 83% and 78% after CABG alone. Despite the more aggressive surgical strategy, left ventricular reconstruction did not increase operative mortality and early results were significantly effective compared with coronary artery bypass grafting alone.

title: Results of coronary artery bypass grafting alone and combined with surgical ventricular reconstruction for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['ischemic heart failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a clinical risk score predictive of risk for @entity14 for Asia. METHODS: A prospective, cross-sectional and multicentre study was carried out in tertiary hospitals in 11 Asian cities. The subjects comprise 2752 asymptomatic @entity1 undergoing screening colonoscopy. From a development set of 860 asymptomatic subjects undergoing screening colonoscopy, multiple logistic regression was applied to identify significant risk factors for advanced @entity14 defined as invasive @entity189 or advanced @entity652 . The ORs for significant risk factors were utilised to develop a risk score ranging from 0 to 7 (Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score). Three tiers of risk were arbitrarily defined: 0-1 'average risk' (AR); 2-3 'moderate risk' (MR); and 4-7 'high risk' (HR). Subjects undergoing screening colonoscopy between July 2006 and December 2007 were prospectively enrolled to form an independent validation group. Each subject had a personal APCS score calculated by summing the points attributed from the presence of risk factors in the individuals. The performance of the APCS score in predicting risk of advanced @entity5 was evaluated. RESULTS: There were 860 subjects in the derivation set and 1892 subjects in the validation set, with a baseline prevalence of advanced @entity5 of 4.5% and 3%, respectively. Applying the APCS stratification in the validation set, 559 subjects (29.5%) were in the AR tier, 966 subjects (51.1%) in the MR tier and 367 (19.4%) subjects in the HR tier. The prevalence of advanced @entity5 in the AR, MR and HR groups was 1.3, 3.2 and 5.2%, respectively. The subjects in the MR and HR tiers had 2.6-fold (95% CI 1.1 to 6.0) and 4.3-fold (95% CI 1.8 to 10.3) increased prevalence of advanced @entity5 , respectively, than those in the AR tier. CONCLUSIONS: The APCS score based on age, gender, family history and smoking is useful in selecting asymptomatic Asian subjects for priority of colorectal screening.

title: The Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening score: a validated tool that stratifies risk for XXXX in asymptomatic Asian subjects.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal advanced neoplasia', 'colorectal neoplasia']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal advanced neoplasia']


abstract: The effects of intravenously administered @entity1522 and of varying amounts of energy on metabolic rate were studied and potential mechanisms examined in 19 healthy 4- to 6-day-old preterm (30 to 32 weeks gestation) @entity1 . The @entity1 were randomized to three groups. Group 1 (n = 6) received nonprotein energy 38 kcal/kg/d; group 2 (n = 5), 64 kcal/kg/d; and group 3 (n = 8), 64 kcal/kg/d plus 1 to 2 g/kg/d crystalline @entity1522 . Thirty-six hours after beginning the infusion, @entity26 consumption (VO2) was measured by indirect calorimetry for 5 to 6 hours. Simultaneously, urine was collected for urinary @entity1063 excretion, which was determined using liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Serum @entity1955 (T4) and @entity1954 (T3) concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Group 1 had lower VO2 and urinary @entity1063 excretion than did groups 2 and 3, which did not differ. T4 and T3 were not different among the three groups. The demonstrated simultaneous changes in @entity4962 and @entity1063 excretion with varying energy intakes independent of age supports energy intake as a modulator of the sympathetic nervous system, which in turn controls metabolic rate. Moderate amounts of intravenously administered @entity1522 do not appear to play an active role in this process; nor do they alter T3 and T4 valves. When VO2 increased with increasing energy intake, T3 and T4 were unaffected, supporting a passive role for thyroid hormones in diet-induced thermogenesis.

title: Intravenous energy and XXXX in the preterm newborn @entity1 : effects on metabolic rate and potential mechanisms of action.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']


abstract: The effects of intravenously administered @entity1522 and of varying amounts of energy on metabolic rate were studied and potential mechanisms examined in 19 healthy 4- to 6-day-old preterm (30 to 32 weeks gestation) @entity1 . The @entity1 were randomized to three groups. Group 1 (n = 6) received nonprotein energy 38 kcal/kg/d; group 2 (n = 5), 64 kcal/kg/d; and group 3 (n = 8), 64 kcal/kg/d plus 1 to 2 g/kg/d crystalline @entity1522 . Thirty-six hours after beginning the infusion, @entity26 consumption (VO2) was measured by indirect calorimetry for 5 to 6 hours. Simultaneously, urine was collected for urinary @entity1063 excretion, which was determined using liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Serum @entity1955 (T4) and @entity1954 (T3) concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Group 1 had lower VO2 and urinary @entity1063 excretion than did groups 2 and 3, which did not differ. T4 and T3 were not different among the three groups. The demonstrated simultaneous changes in @entity4962 and @entity1063 excretion with varying energy intakes independent of age supports energy intake as a modulator of the sympathetic nervous system, which in turn controls metabolic rate. Moderate amounts of intravenously administered @entity1522 do not appear to play an active role in this process; nor do they alter T3 and T4 valves. When VO2 increased with increasing energy intake, T3 and T4 were unaffected, supporting a passive role for thyroid hormones in diet-induced thermogenesis.

title: Intravenous energy and @entity1522 in the preterm newborn XXXX : effects on metabolic rate and potential mechanisms of action.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['infant']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate effectiveness of fall-risk-assessment-based fall prevention for @entity64 rehabilitation inpatients. METHOD: A consecutive series of 232 @entity1 admitted for the first time to a subacute @entity64 -rehabilitation ward during 2010-2011 was studied in detail. The Assessment Sheet for Fall Prediction in @entity64 Inpatients (ASFPSI by Nakagawa et  al.) was used to assess fall-risk upon admission. Association of ASFPSI score and @entity1 characteristics with actual falls was statistically tested. Yearly incidence of falls per 1000 @entity580 ( @entity580 ) was retrospectively audited for the 2006-2014 period to evaluate effectiveness of fall-risk reduction measures. RESULTS: The observed incidence of falls over the detailed-study-period was 3.0/1000 @entity580 ; 39% of the fallers fell during the first week after admission. ASFPSI score was not significantly associated with falls. Longer hospital stay, left body-side affected and non-extreme @entity15467 score (55-101) were associated with higher odds of fall. Introduction of fall-risk reduction measures followed by compulsory fall-risk assessment lead to incidence of falls dropping from 7.1/1000 @entity580 in 2006 to 2.8/1000 @entity580 in 2011 and remaining at that level until 2014. CONCLUSIONS: The fall-risk-assessment-based measures appear to have led to decreasing falls risk among post- @entity64 rehabilitation inpatients classified as being at high risk of falls. The fall prevention programme as a whole was successful. @entity1 with non-extreme level of functional independence should receive enhanced fall prevention. Implications for Rehabilitation Recognising the fall risk upon the @entity1 's admission is essential for preventing falls in rehabilitation wards. Assessing the fall risk is a team tasks and combines information from various sources. Assessing fall risk in @entity64 @entity1 using the assessment sheet by Nakagawa et  al. immediately upon admission systematically draws attention to the risk of falls in each individual @entity1 .

title: Effectiveness of a fall-risk reduction programme for inpatient rehabilitation after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['hospital days', 'HD']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mechanisms behind the emergence of brown adipocyte-like (brite or beige) adipocytes within @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) are of interest. @entity995 protein gene (Rb) haploinsufficiency associates in @entity19 with improved metabolic regulation linked to a greater capacity for @entity844 oxidation and thermogenesis in @entity1386 . We aimed to explain a feasible mechanism of @entity1386 -to-BAT remodeling in this model. Differentiated primary adipocytes and @entity17776 -positive preadipocytes derived from adipose depots of Rb(+/-) @entity19 and wild-type siblings were compared. Primary white Rb(+/-) adipocytes displayed under basal conditions increased @entity413 uptake and an enhanced expression of brown adipocyte-related genes ( @entity12097 , @entity7111 , @entity34616 , @entity10350 , @entity4063 ), but not of purported beige/brite transcriptional markers ( @entity23918 , @entity72620 , @entity26385 , @entity55986 , @entity72621 , @entity39065 ). Lack of induction of beige markers phenocopied results in @entity1386 of adult Rb(+/-) @entity19 . Flow cytometry analysis evidenced an increased number of preadipocytes in @entity1386 depots of Rb(+/-) @entity19 . @entity17776 (+) preadipocytes from @entity1386 of Rb(+/-) @entity19 displayed increased gene expression of several transcription factors common to the brown and beige adipogenic programs ( @entity10350 , @entity12097 , @entity7111 ) and of receptors of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs); however, amongst the recently proposed beige markers, only @entity26385 was upregulated. Adult Rb(+/-) @entity19 had increased circulating levels of @entity17736 . These results indicate that preadipose cells resident in @entity1386 depots of Rb(+/-) @entity19 retain an increased capacity for brown-like adipogenesis that appears to be different from beige adipogenesis, and suggest that the contribution of these precursors to the Rb(+/-) adipose phenotype is driven, at least in part, by interaction with @entity17736 pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Cell-Autonomous Brown-Like Adipogenesis of Preadipocytes from XXXX Haploinsufficient @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['white adipose tissue', 'WAT']

entities_list: @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['Retinoblastoma']

answer: @entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['Retinoblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mechanisms behind the emergence of brown adipocyte-like (brite or beige) adipocytes within @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) are of interest. @entity995 protein gene (Rb) haploinsufficiency associates in @entity19 with improved metabolic regulation linked to a greater capacity for @entity844 oxidation and thermogenesis in @entity1386 . We aimed to explain a feasible mechanism of @entity1386 -to-BAT remodeling in this model. Differentiated primary adipocytes and @entity17776 -positive preadipocytes derived from adipose depots of Rb(+/-) @entity19 and wild-type siblings were compared. Primary white Rb(+/-) adipocytes displayed under basal conditions increased @entity413 uptake and an enhanced expression of brown adipocyte-related genes ( @entity12097 , @entity7111 , @entity34616 , @entity10350 , @entity4063 ), but not of purported beige/brite transcriptional markers ( @entity23918 , @entity72620 , @entity26385 , @entity55986 , @entity72621 , @entity39065 ). Lack of induction of beige markers phenocopied results in @entity1386 of adult Rb(+/-) @entity19 . Flow cytometry analysis evidenced an increased number of preadipocytes in @entity1386 depots of Rb(+/-) @entity19 . @entity17776 (+) preadipocytes from @entity1386 of Rb(+/-) @entity19 displayed increased gene expression of several transcription factors common to the brown and beige adipogenic programs ( @entity10350 , @entity12097 , @entity7111 ) and of receptors of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs); however, amongst the recently proposed beige markers, only @entity26385 was upregulated. Adult Rb(+/-) @entity19 had increased circulating levels of @entity17736 . These results indicate that preadipose cells resident in @entity1386 depots of Rb(+/-) @entity19 retain an increased capacity for brown-like adipogenesis that appears to be different from beige adipogenesis, and suggest that the contribution of these precursors to the Rb(+/-) adipose phenotype is driven, at least in part, by interaction with @entity17736 pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Cell-Autonomous Brown-Like Adipogenesis of Preadipocytes from @entity995 Haploinsufficient XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether anatomical modification of sympathectomy diminishes severe postoperative compensatory @entity1119 . @entity1 AND METHODS: From January 1, 2000, to June 1, 2001, we prospectively studied 10 consecutive @entity1 with primary palmar @entity1119 , aged 14 to 42 years. Medical therapy had failed in all @entity1 . A preoperative and postoperative evaluation and thermoregulatory sweat testing were conducted in all @entity1 . All @entity1 underwent sympathotomy (bilateral simple disconnection) of the second thoracic ganglion input into the brachial plexus, and no sympathetic ganglia were violated. RESULTS: In the 10 @entity1 , all 20 upper extremities improved postoperatively: 11 (55%) had near-complete cessation of palmar sweating, 8 (40%) had marked reduction in sweating, and 1 (5%) had delayed onset but full sweating at the end of the thermoregulatory sweat test. No intraoperative complications of @entity2004 or @entity4820 occurred. Importantly, there were no moderate or severe @entity260 . CONCLUSION: Sympathotomy to disconnect T2 ganglion input into the brachial plexus produces excellent results in the treatment of primary palmar @entity1119 and may lower the severity of @entity260 . Long-term durability of the procedure requires further follow-up.

title: Sympathotomy instead of sympathectomy for palmar XXXX : minimizing postoperative compensatory @entity1119 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative hyperhidrosis complications', 'postoperative compensatory hyperhidrosis complications']

entities_list: @entity1119 :: ('MESH:D006945', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhidrosis']

entities_list: @entity2004 :: ('MESH:D006468', 'Disease') :: ['hemopneumothorax']

entities_list: @entity4820 :: ('MESH:D006732', 'Disease') :: ['Horner syndrome']

answer: @entity1119 :: (MESH:D006945,Disease) :: ['hyperhidrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether anatomical modification of sympathectomy diminishes severe postoperative compensatory @entity1119 . @entity1 AND METHODS: From January 1, 2000, to June 1, 2001, we prospectively studied 10 consecutive @entity1 with primary palmar @entity1119 , aged 14 to 42 years. Medical therapy had failed in all @entity1 . A preoperative and postoperative evaluation and thermoregulatory sweat testing were conducted in all @entity1 . All @entity1 underwent sympathotomy (bilateral simple disconnection) of the second thoracic ganglion input into the brachial plexus, and no sympathetic ganglia were violated. RESULTS: In the 10 @entity1 , all 20 upper extremities improved postoperatively: 11 (55%) had near-complete cessation of palmar sweating, 8 (40%) had marked reduction in sweating, and 1 (5%) had delayed onset but full sweating at the end of the thermoregulatory sweat test. No intraoperative complications of @entity2004 or @entity4820 occurred. Importantly, there were no moderate or severe @entity260 . CONCLUSION: Sympathotomy to disconnect T2 ganglion input into the brachial plexus produces excellent results in the treatment of primary palmar @entity1119 and may lower the severity of @entity260 . Long-term durability of the procedure requires further follow-up.

title: Sympathotomy instead of sympathectomy for palmar @entity1119 : minimizing postoperative compensatory XXXX .

answer: @entity1119 :: (MESH:D006945,Disease) :: ['hyperhidrosis']


abstract: AIM: The current outcome of @entity1167 ( @entity1167 ) @entity1 in the Maastricht region was analysed with the prospect of implementing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of adult @entity1 who were resuscitated for @entity1167 during a 24-month period was performed. RESULTS: 195 @entity1 (age 66 [57-75] years, 82   % male) were resuscitated for @entity1167 by the emergency medical services and survived to admission at the emergency department. Survival to hospital discharge was 46.2   %. Notable differences between non-survivors and survivors were observed and included: age (70 [58-79] years) vs. (63 [55-72] years, p   =   0.01), @entity712 (18 vs. 7   %, p   =   0.02), shockable rhythm (67 vs. 99   %, p   <   0.01), and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) at departure from the site of the arrest (46 vs. 99   %, p   <   0.01) and on arrival to the emergency department (43 vs. 98   %, p   <   0.01), respectively. @entity1187 was diagnosed in 32   % of non-survivors vs. 59   % among survivors, p   <   0.01. Therapeutic @entity2332 was provided in non-survivors (20   %) vs. survivors (43   %), p   <   0.01. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed in 14   % of non-survivors while 52   % of survivors received PCI (p   <   0.01). No statistical significance was observed in terms of gender, witnessed arrest, bystander CPR, or automated external defibrillator deployed among the cohort. At hospital discharge, moderately severe @entity16 was present in six survivors. CONCLUSION: These observations are compatible with the notion that a shockable rhythm, ROSC, and post-arrest care improve survival outcome. Potentially, initiating E-CPR in the resuscitation phase in @entity1 with a shockable rhythm and no ROSC might serve as a bridge to definite treatment and improve survival outcome.

title: XXXX : the prospect of E-CPR in the Maastricht region.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['Acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disability']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['out-of-hospital cardiac arrest', 'OHCA']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest']


abstract: Phagocytic and bactericidal assays showed that a close correlation was present between bactericidal activity and neutrophil chemiluminescence (PMN-CL) (r = 0.81; p less than 0.01). This suggested that the microbicidal action of the neutrophil depends metabolically on the generation of oxygenating agents. PMN-CL and @entity894 ( @entity894 ) were measured in 36 burned @entity1 . The levels of serum @entity69 (Tf) were examined simultaneously by nephelometric method in order to determine the correlation between humoral-phagocyte axis of immune system and nutritional status. It was found that PMN-CL and @entity894 were generally lower in the greater than 35% TBSA burn group (PMN-CL, 1.85 +/- 0.21 cpm X 10(3), @entity894 , 0.69 +/- 0.06) compared with control subjects (PMN-CL, 3.55 +/- 0.15 cpm X 10(3), @entity894 , 1.05 +/- 0.04). It suggested that both neutrophil oxygenation activity and opsonic activity were @entity73 following severe @entity4808 . PMN-CL was higher in the smaller than 30% TBSA burn group during @entity281 phase as compared with control subjects (5.61 +/- 0.26 cpm X 10(3) vs. 3.55 +/- 01.5 cpm X 10(3); p less than 0.01). It remained high in @entity1 with persistent @entity281 , but fell to normal if appropriate therapy was instituted. This result indicated that the neutrophils of the majority of @entity1 with minor @entity4808 during @entity697 were in an activated state both metabolically and functionally. The occurrence of @entity295 was associated with a marked lowering of PMN-CL and @entity894 values, but no difference was noted before and after the development of @entity295 . The incidence of @entity295 was 85.7% when PMN-CL was lower than 2 cpm X 10(3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Neutrophil chemiluminescence in burned XXXX .

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute infection']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['OI', 'opsonic index']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Polarization of @entity5 infiltrating macrophages is associated with the prognosis of solid @entity5 and correlates with the occurrence of lymph node @entity3 in @entity957 ( @entity957 ). Early stage (T1/T2, N0) @entity957 are characterized by a good prognosis and can be cured by surgery. The postoperative regime usually contains no adjuvant radio-/chemotherapy. The current pilot study was conducted to elucidate whether macrophage polarization in @entity5 resection specimens and diagnostic biopsies of early stage @entity957 is associated with @entity5 outcome. METHODS: @entity1 with T1/T2, N0, and R0>5mm @entity957 without adjuvant therapy and 3-year follow-up after @entity5 resection were retrospectively selected. Tissue microarrays (TMA) containing diagnostic biopsies (n=17) and @entity5 resection specimens (n=17) were processed for immunohistochemistry in this pilot study to detect @entity469 -, @entity2935 -, @entity11772 - and @entity14452 -positive macrophages. Samples were digitized, and the expression of macrophage markers was quantitatively analyzed. RESULTS: High infiltration of M2 polarized macrophages correlated with poor @entity5 outcome in early stage (T1/T2, N0) @entity957 . This correlation was observed in @entity5 resection specimens, but was also observed in diagnostic biopsies. M2 macrophage polarization in biopsies - but not in @entity5 resection samples - correlated with high scores in @entity5 grading. CONCLUSION: Macrophage polarization in early stage @entity957 is a potential prognostic marker for @entity5 outcome. The correlation of M2 polarized macrophages with @entity5 outcome can already be detected in the initial biopsies. Furthermore, M2 polarization of macrophages in biopsies is associated with an increased dedifferentiation.

title: Prognostic significance of macrophage polarization in early stage XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral squamous cell carcinomas', 'oscc']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['oral squamous cell carcinomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of oral @entity1169 for treatment of periocular @entity7492 . METHODS: @entity1 were treated with oral @entity1169 3 times daily, with outpatient monitoring of adverse effects. The starting dosage was 0.5 mg/kg/d for 1 week, then 1 mg/kg/d for the following week, then 2 mg/kg/d for the remaining duration of treatment. Serial examinations and external photography documented the size of the @entity2695 . Complete ophthalmic examinations included assessing for @entity4457 with cycloplegic refraction and visual diagnostic testing. @entity4457 was treated with part-time occlusion therapy. RESULTS: Nineteen periocular @entity2695 from 17 @entity1 (71% @entity1 ) were studied. The median age at the start of treatment was 4.5 months (interquartile range, 2.2-5.6 months). The median treatment duration was 6.8 months (interquartile range, 4.1-7.2 months). Treatment with oral @entity1169 reduced the size of all @entity2695 . Median change in the surface area was 61% (interquartile range, 32%-64%) of the original size. Mild rebound growth that did not necessitate retreatment was found in 2 @entity1 (12%). One @entity1 (6%) experienced a benign episode of @entity1168 . Seven @entity1 (41%) had @entity4457 . CONCLUSIONS: Oral @entity1169 for treatment of infantile @entity2695 was effective in all @entity1 , with 33% reduction in @entity940 and 39% reduction in surface area. Vision equalized in all but 1 @entity1 , who receives ongoing @entity4457 therapy. Our results suggest that early treatment with @entity1169 is remarkably effective in treating and preventing @entity227 associated with periocular infantile @entity2695 .

title: Oral XXXX for treatment of periocular infantile @entity2695 .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'Participants', 'girls', 'child']

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['loss of visual acuity']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity7492 :: ('MESH:C535860', 'Disease') :: ['infantile hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity4457 :: ('MESH:D000550', 'Disease') :: ['amblyopia', 'Amblyopia']

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of oral @entity1169 for treatment of periocular @entity7492 . METHODS: @entity1 were treated with oral @entity1169 3 times daily, with outpatient monitoring of adverse effects. The starting dosage was 0.5 mg/kg/d for 1 week, then 1 mg/kg/d for the following week, then 2 mg/kg/d for the remaining duration of treatment. Serial examinations and external photography documented the size of the @entity2695 . Complete ophthalmic examinations included assessing for @entity4457 with cycloplegic refraction and visual diagnostic testing. @entity4457 was treated with part-time occlusion therapy. RESULTS: Nineteen periocular @entity2695 from 17 @entity1 (71% @entity1 ) were studied. The median age at the start of treatment was 4.5 months (interquartile range, 2.2-5.6 months). The median treatment duration was 6.8 months (interquartile range, 4.1-7.2 months). Treatment with oral @entity1169 reduced the size of all @entity2695 . Median change in the surface area was 61% (interquartile range, 32%-64%) of the original size. Mild rebound growth that did not necessitate retreatment was found in 2 @entity1 (12%). One @entity1 (6%) experienced a benign episode of @entity1168 . Seven @entity1 (41%) had @entity4457 . CONCLUSIONS: Oral @entity1169 for treatment of infantile @entity2695 was effective in all @entity1 , with 33% reduction in @entity940 and 39% reduction in surface area. Vision equalized in all but 1 @entity1 , who receives ongoing @entity4457 therapy. Our results suggest that early treatment with @entity1169 is remarkably effective in treating and preventing @entity227 associated with periocular infantile @entity2695 .

title: Oral @entity1169 for treatment of periocular infantile XXXX .

answer: @entity2695 :: (MESH:D006391,Disease) :: ['hemangiomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a new manifestation of the rare connective tissue disorder @entity33790 in the absence of skin and soft-tissue abnormalities and with bilateral, giant fusiform @entity438 . DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University teaching hospital. @entity1 : A 67-year-old @entity1 with a history of @entity101 presented to medical attention after a @entity1163 . Imaging revealed incidental, bilateral, giant fusiform @entity438 at their junction of the circle of Willis. There was also @entity384 of the left main @entity453 and @entity384 of the aorta and bilateral iliac arteries, suggestive of @entity33790 . RESULTS: The @entity1 's @entity1163 was attributed to transient complete @entity616 for which a permanent pacemaker was placed. The @entity1 started taking @entity117 for @entity64 prevention and @entity9886 for blood pressure control. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, we present the first case of @entity33790 with marked bilateral intracranial artery dilation in the absence of concurrent skin and soft tissue abnormalities. Workup may include systemic vascular imaging to characterize the extent of disease. Antiplatelet therapy can be used for @entity64 prevention by reducing the risk of clot formation in ectatic vessels with altered hemodynamics and subsequent @entity887 . @entity9886 is known to inhibit transforming growth factor b signaling and may be a specific modulator of disease expression in this syndrome.

title: XXXX with @entity438 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'man', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal dilatation', 'aneurysmal dilation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['syncope', 'syncopal episode']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan potassium', 'Losartan']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery ectasia']

entities_list: @entity33790 :: ('MESH:C565942', 'Disease') :: ['arterial tortuosity syndrome']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms', 'intracranial aneurysms of the internal carotid artery']

answer: @entity33790 :: (MESH:C565942,Disease) :: ['Arterial tortuosity syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a new manifestation of the rare connective tissue disorder @entity33790 in the absence of skin and soft-tissue abnormalities and with bilateral, giant fusiform @entity438 . DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University teaching hospital. @entity1 : A 67-year-old @entity1 with a history of @entity101 presented to medical attention after a @entity1163 . Imaging revealed incidental, bilateral, giant fusiform @entity438 at their junction of the circle of Willis. There was also @entity384 of the left main @entity453 and @entity384 of the aorta and bilateral iliac arteries, suggestive of @entity33790 . RESULTS: The @entity1 's @entity1163 was attributed to transient complete @entity616 for which a permanent pacemaker was placed. The @entity1 started taking @entity117 for @entity64 prevention and @entity9886 for blood pressure control. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, we present the first case of @entity33790 with marked bilateral intracranial artery dilation in the absence of concurrent skin and soft tissue abnormalities. Workup may include systemic vascular imaging to characterize the extent of disease. Antiplatelet therapy can be used for @entity64 prevention by reducing the risk of clot formation in ectatic vessels with altered hemodynamics and subsequent @entity887 . @entity9886 is known to inhibit transforming growth factor b signaling and may be a specific modulator of disease expression in this syndrome.

title: @entity33790 with XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['multiple intracranial aneurysms']


abstract: AIMS: @entity2178 ( @entity2178 ) aggravates @entity1575 by inducing @entity1110 oxidase (NOX)-dependent oxidative stress. @entity72115 [ @entity7741 -(1-7)], which counter-regulates @entity2178 , has been evidenced to protect against @entity1575 . The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 ( @entity5704 ) inflammasome, being activated by reactive @entity26 species (ROS), is identified as a novel mechanism of liver @entity82 . However, whether the @entity5704 inflammasome involves in regulation of @entity2178 -induced @entity1575 remains unclear. This study investigates the different effects of the @entity2178 and @entity7741 -(1-7) on collagen synthesis by regulating the @entity5704 inflammasome/Smad pathway via redox balance modulation. RESULTS: In vivo, @entity7741 -(1-7) improved bile duct ligation-induced @entity1575 , reduced @entity5568 content, protein levels of @entity16228 , and the @entity5704 inflammasome, whereas it increased @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ) and @entity13791 ( @entity13791 ) antioxidant response element (ARE). In vitro, @entity7741 II treatment elevated @entity16228 protein expression and ROS production in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), whereas it inhibited @entity6172 and @entity13791 -ARE, resulting in the activation of the @entity5704 inflammasome in the mitochondria of HSCs. @entity5704 depletion inhibited @entity2178 -induced collagen synthesis. Furthermore, @entity2178 increased @entity5704 and @entity1356 levels by activating the @entity2939 ( @entity2939 )/ @entity4100 /NF-kB pathway. Treatment with antioxidants, @entity16228 small interference RNA (siRNA), or @entity13791 activator inhibited @entity2178 -induced @entity5704 inflammasome activation and collagen synthesis. In contrast, the action of @entity7741 -(1-7) opposed the effects of @entity2178 . Innovation and Conclusions: @entity7741 -(1-7) improved liver @entity82 by regulating @entity5704 inflammasome activation induced by @entity7741 II-mediated ROS via redox balance modulation. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.

title: Angiotensin-(1-7) Improves @entity1575 by Regulating the XXXX Inflammasome via Redox Balance Modulation.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['Angiotensin II', 'Ang II']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity13791 :: ('4780', 'Gene') :: ['nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2', 'Nrf2']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic fibrosis']

answer: @entity5704 :: (114548,Gene) :: ['NLRP3']


abstract: AIMS: @entity2178 ( @entity2178 ) aggravates @entity1575 by inducing @entity1110 oxidase (NOX)-dependent oxidative stress. @entity72115 [ @entity7741 -(1-7)], which counter-regulates @entity2178 , has been evidenced to protect against @entity1575 . The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 ( @entity5704 ) inflammasome, being activated by reactive @entity26 species (ROS), is identified as a novel mechanism of liver @entity82 . However, whether the @entity5704 inflammasome involves in regulation of @entity2178 -induced @entity1575 remains unclear. This study investigates the different effects of the @entity2178 and @entity7741 -(1-7) on collagen synthesis by regulating the @entity5704 inflammasome/Smad pathway via redox balance modulation. RESULTS: In vivo, @entity7741 -(1-7) improved bile duct ligation-induced @entity1575 , reduced @entity5568 content, protein levels of @entity16228 , and the @entity5704 inflammasome, whereas it increased @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ) and @entity13791 ( @entity13791 ) antioxidant response element (ARE). In vitro, @entity7741 II treatment elevated @entity16228 protein expression and ROS production in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), whereas it inhibited @entity6172 and @entity13791 -ARE, resulting in the activation of the @entity5704 inflammasome in the mitochondria of HSCs. @entity5704 depletion inhibited @entity2178 -induced collagen synthesis. Furthermore, @entity2178 increased @entity5704 and @entity1356 levels by activating the @entity2939 ( @entity2939 )/ @entity4100 /NF-kB pathway. Treatment with antioxidants, @entity16228 small interference RNA (siRNA), or @entity13791 activator inhibited @entity2178 -induced @entity5704 inflammasome activation and collagen synthesis. In contrast, the action of @entity7741 -(1-7) opposed the effects of @entity2178 . Innovation and Conclusions: @entity7741 -(1-7) improved liver @entity82 by regulating @entity5704 inflammasome activation induced by @entity7741 II-mediated ROS via redox balance modulation. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.

title: Angiotensin-(1-7) Improves XXXX by Regulating the @entity5704 Inflammasome via Redox Balance Modulation.

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['Liver Fibrosis']


abstract: In an attempt to assess the efficacy of thrombolytic infusions for @entity63 , a questionnaire was distributed to 142 vascular surgeons. Data from 45 respondents who had experience with thrombolytic infusion in 623 @entity1 were reviewed. A successful outcome was obtained in 313 of 623 @entity1 (50.2%). Morbidity was significant, with @entity548 requiring transfusion or operation in 125 cases (20.1%) and major amputation in 103 cases (16.5%). There were nine strokes associated with thrombolytic infusion (1.4%), six of which were fatal. Sixteen @entity204 were associated with thrombolytic therapy, for a mortality rate of 2.5% (16 of 623 @entity1 ). Analysis of results by grouping centers according to numbers of lytic infusions failed to show significant correlation with center experience. Furthermore, morbidity and mortality were seen in centers with both limited and extensive experience with thrombolytic infusion. The initial enthusiasm for thrombolytic infusion to treat @entity63 is not substantiated by our data. Carefully controlled prospective trials are needed before this method can be offered as an alternative to arterial reconstruction.

title: Use and limitations of thrombolytic therapy in the treatment of peripheral XXXX : results of a multi-institutional questionnaire.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['arterial ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['arterial ischemia']


abstract: SUMMARY: The incidence of subclinical @entity1271 in Simmental and Simmental-Red Holstein @entity291 in relation to the @entity291 major histocompatibility complex ( @entity32693 ) was investigated. Quarter milk samples of 166 @entity291 consisting of fifteen halfsib groups of different ages and lactation stages were analysed for somatic cell counts ( @entity7018 ) and bacteriological @entity281 . From these data the udder health status (UHS) of the animal was determined. Each @entity291 was typed serologically for @entity32693 class I and class II specificities. The statistical evaluation for UHS was performed using a logistic regression model. The effect of @entity32693 on @entity7018 was estimated by least square analysis. Animals carrying the @entity32693 class II haplotype "b" were significantly more affected by subclinical @entity1271 than those without this haplotype. Breed group showed a significant influence on both UHS and corrected mean logSCC (P < 0.0001 resp. P < 0.05). Lactation stage had a significant effect on @entity7018 but only a weak influence on UHS (P < 0.0001 resp. P < 0.13). ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: M  gliche Assoziation zwischen dem bovinen Haupthistokompatibilit  tskomplex und subklinischer @entity1271 In dieser Studie wurde die Beziehung zwischen dem bovinen Histokompatibilit  tskomplex ( @entity32693 ) und der Pr  valenz subklinischer @entity1271 bei Simmentaler und mit Red Holstein eingekreuzten Simmentaler K  hen untersucht. Bei 166 K  hen, aus 15 Halbgeschwistergruppen, unterschiedlichen Alters und in verschiedenen Laktationsstadien, wurden Milchproben entnommen und auf Zellzahl ( @entity7018 ) und bakterielle Infektion untersucht. Aus diesen Daten wurde ein Eutergesundheitsstatus (UHS) definiert. Jede Kuh wurde serologisch f  r @entity32693 Klasse I und Klasse II Spezifit  ten typisiert. Die statistische Auswertung f  r den UHS erfolgte mit einem logistischen Regressionsmodel. Der Einflu   von @entity32693 -Haplotypen auf @entity7018 wurde mit der Least Square Analyse ermittelt. Tiere mit dem Klasse II Allel "b" zeigten mehr Euterprobleme als K  he ohne dieses Allel. Die Rassegruppe   bte sowohl auf den UHS wie auch auf den korrigierten Mittelwert der Zellzahlen einen signifikanten Einflu   aus (P < 0.0001 resp. P < 0.05). Der Effekt des Laktationsstadiums auf die Zellzahl war signifikant, aber f  r den UHS wurde nur ein schwacher Einflu   des Laktationsstadiums festgestellt (P < 0.0001 resp. P < 0.13).

title: Possible association between a serologically detected haplotype of the XXXX Major Histocompatibility Complex and subclinical @entity1271 .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1271 :: ('MESH:D008413', 'Disease') :: ['Mastitis', 'mastitis']

entities_list: @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cows', 'cow', 'cattle', 'bovine']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: SUMMARY: The incidence of subclinical @entity1271 in Simmental and Simmental-Red Holstein @entity291 in relation to the @entity291 major histocompatibility complex ( @entity32693 ) was investigated. Quarter milk samples of 166 @entity291 consisting of fifteen halfsib groups of different ages and lactation stages were analysed for somatic cell counts ( @entity7018 ) and bacteriological @entity281 . From these data the udder health status (UHS) of the animal was determined. Each @entity291 was typed serologically for @entity32693 class I and class II specificities. The statistical evaluation for UHS was performed using a logistic regression model. The effect of @entity32693 on @entity7018 was estimated by least square analysis. Animals carrying the @entity32693 class II haplotype "b" were significantly more affected by subclinical @entity1271 than those without this haplotype. Breed group showed a significant influence on both UHS and corrected mean logSCC (P < 0.0001 resp. P < 0.05). Lactation stage had a significant effect on @entity7018 but only a weak influence on UHS (P < 0.0001 resp. P < 0.13). ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: M  gliche Assoziation zwischen dem bovinen Haupthistokompatibilit  tskomplex und subklinischer @entity1271 In dieser Studie wurde die Beziehung zwischen dem bovinen Histokompatibilit  tskomplex ( @entity32693 ) und der Pr  valenz subklinischer @entity1271 bei Simmentaler und mit Red Holstein eingekreuzten Simmentaler K  hen untersucht. Bei 166 K  hen, aus 15 Halbgeschwistergruppen, unterschiedlichen Alters und in verschiedenen Laktationsstadien, wurden Milchproben entnommen und auf Zellzahl ( @entity7018 ) und bakterielle Infektion untersucht. Aus diesen Daten wurde ein Eutergesundheitsstatus (UHS) definiert. Jede Kuh wurde serologisch f  r @entity32693 Klasse I und Klasse II Spezifit  ten typisiert. Die statistische Auswertung f  r den UHS erfolgte mit einem logistischen Regressionsmodel. Der Einflu   von @entity32693 -Haplotypen auf @entity7018 wurde mit der Least Square Analyse ermittelt. Tiere mit dem Klasse II Allel "b" zeigten mehr Euterprobleme als K  he ohne dieses Allel. Die Rassegruppe   bte sowohl auf den UHS wie auch auf den korrigierten Mittelwert der Zellzahlen einen signifikanten Einflu   aus (P < 0.0001 resp. P < 0.05). Der Effekt des Laktationsstadiums auf die Zellzahl war signifikant, aber f  r den UHS wurde nur ein schwacher Einflu   des Laktationsstadiums festgestellt (P < 0.0001 resp. P < 0.13).

title: Possible association between a serologically detected haplotype of the @entity291 Major Histocompatibility Complex and subclinical XXXX .

answer: @entity1271 :: (MESH:D008413,Disease) :: ['mastitis']


abstract: From October 1981 to October 1984, 42 consecutive @entity1 with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic transitional cell @entity3484 were treated with cis- @entity902 50 mg/m2 i.v. and @entity632 50 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, and @entity1487 500 mg/m2 i.v. and @entity2663 100 mg/m2 days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. In the 36 evaluable @entity1 , 4 complete remissions and 15 partial remissions were noted (52.7% response rate). Of the 12 @entity1 with previously untreated, locally advanced @entity150 , 8 responded, with 3 pathologically confirmed complete remissions. @entity137 was moderate. Median survival was 44 weeks. This 4-drug combination had significant palliative activity in our @entity1 population. Its role in the preoperative setting deserves further evaluation.

title: Combination chemotherapy with @entity1487 , XXXX , cis-platinum and @entity2663 in advanced transitional cell @entity3484 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3484 :: ('MESH:D014571', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the urinary tract']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['Platinum']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorouracil']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['adriamycin']


abstract: From October 1981 to October 1984, 42 consecutive @entity1 with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic transitional cell @entity3484 were treated with cis- @entity902 50 mg/m2 i.v. and @entity632 50 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, and @entity1487 500 mg/m2 i.v. and @entity2663 100 mg/m2 days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. In the 36 evaluable @entity1 , 4 complete remissions and 15 partial remissions were noted (52.7% response rate). Of the 12 @entity1 with previously untreated, locally advanced @entity150 , 8 responded, with 3 pathologically confirmed complete remissions. @entity137 was moderate. Median survival was 44 weeks. This 4-drug combination had significant palliative activity in our @entity1 population. Its role in the preoperative setting deserves further evaluation.

title: Combination chemotherapy with @entity1487 , @entity632 , cis-platinum and @entity2663 in advanced transitional cell XXXX .

answer: @entity3484 :: (MESH:D014571,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the urinary tract']


abstract: From October 1981 to October 1984, 42 consecutive @entity1 with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic transitional cell @entity3484 were treated with cis- @entity902 50 mg/m2 i.v. and @entity632 50 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, and @entity1487 500 mg/m2 i.v. and @entity2663 100 mg/m2 days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. In the 36 evaluable @entity1 , 4 complete remissions and 15 partial remissions were noted (52.7% response rate). Of the 12 @entity1 with previously untreated, locally advanced @entity150 , 8 responded, with 3 pathologically confirmed complete remissions. @entity137 was moderate. Median survival was 44 weeks. This 4-drug combination had significant palliative activity in our @entity1 population. Its role in the preoperative setting deserves further evaluation.

title: Combination chemotherapy with XXXX , @entity632 , cis-platinum and @entity2663 in advanced transitional cell @entity3484 .

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['fluorouracil']


abstract: From October 1981 to October 1984, 42 consecutive @entity1 with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic transitional cell @entity3484 were treated with cis- @entity902 50 mg/m2 i.v. and @entity632 50 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, and @entity1487 500 mg/m2 i.v. and @entity2663 100 mg/m2 days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. In the 36 evaluable @entity1 , 4 complete remissions and 15 partial remissions were noted (52.7% response rate). Of the 12 @entity1 with previously untreated, locally advanced @entity150 , 8 responded, with 3 pathologically confirmed complete remissions. @entity137 was moderate. Median survival was 44 weeks. This 4-drug combination had significant palliative activity in our @entity1 population. Its role in the preoperative setting deserves further evaluation.

title: Combination chemotherapy with @entity1487 , @entity632 , cis-platinum and XXXX in advanced transitional cell @entity3484 .

answer: @entity2663 :: (MESH:D013713,Chemical) :: ['VM-26']