abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluate presentation and outcome of @entity1 with metastatic @entity1085 from our institution and published literature. METHODS: @entity1 with a history of @entity1085 @entity3 from @entity1358 were selected from our institution's prospective database. A systematic PubMed search was performed to identify articles describing @entity1 with metastatic @entity1085 . The final cohort included 33 @entity1 : 4 from our institution and 29 from 28 previously published cases. Survival analysis was conducted using log-rank Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: Median @entity1 age was 63 years and the majority of @entity1 were male. Most @entity1 were asymptomatic and diagnosed with @entity1085 @entity3 on imaging performed for surveillance or staging. The median time to @entity1085 @entity3 following nephrectomy was 4 years. @entity3 to the @entity1085 occurred both synchronously (33%) and metachronously (67%). Of the @entity1 with available histology, all had clear cell @entity1358 (n = 28). Of all @entity1 , 13 (39%) had @entity3 only to the @entity1085 , while 20 (61%) had additional sites of @entity3 . The most common sites of additional @entity3 were contralateral kidney (30%), pancreas (21%), lung (18%), adrenal (18%), and lymph nodes (9%). All @entity1 underwent cholecystectomy. At a median follow up time of 1.5 years after cholecystectomy, 54% of @entity1 had no evidence of disease, 14% were alive with @entity3 , 23% had died from metastatic @entity1358 , and 9% died from causes unrelated to their @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Gallbladder @entity3 from @entity1358 is a rare event that may occur synchronously or metachronously with most @entity1 being asymptomatic. @entity1358 appears to be the primary pathology associated with @entity1085 @entity3 . High rates of bilateral @entity1358 and pancreatic @entity3 suggest novel associations in @entity1 with @entity1358 and @entity1085 @entity3 .

title: @entity1358 with @entity3 to the XXXX : four cases from the National @entity5 Institute (NCI) and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['RCC to the gallbladder', 'gallbladder']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['Clear cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastasis']

answer: @entity1085 :: (MESH:D005705,Disease) :: ['gallbladder']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluate presentation and outcome of @entity1 with metastatic @entity1085 from our institution and published literature. METHODS: @entity1 with a history of @entity1085 @entity3 from @entity1358 were selected from our institution's prospective database. A systematic PubMed search was performed to identify articles describing @entity1 with metastatic @entity1085 . The final cohort included 33 @entity1 : 4 from our institution and 29 from 28 previously published cases. Survival analysis was conducted using log-rank Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: Median @entity1 age was 63 years and the majority of @entity1 were male. Most @entity1 were asymptomatic and diagnosed with @entity1085 @entity3 on imaging performed for surveillance or staging. The median time to @entity1085 @entity3 following nephrectomy was 4 years. @entity3 to the @entity1085 occurred both synchronously (33%) and metachronously (67%). Of the @entity1 with available histology, all had clear cell @entity1358 (n = 28). Of all @entity1 , 13 (39%) had @entity3 only to the @entity1085 , while 20 (61%) had additional sites of @entity3 . The most common sites of additional @entity3 were contralateral kidney (30%), pancreas (21%), lung (18%), adrenal (18%), and lymph nodes (9%). All @entity1 underwent cholecystectomy. At a median follow up time of 1.5 years after cholecystectomy, 54% of @entity1 had no evidence of disease, 14% were alive with @entity3 , 23% had died from metastatic @entity1358 , and 9% died from causes unrelated to their @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Gallbladder @entity3 from @entity1358 is a rare event that may occur synchronously or metachronously with most @entity1 being asymptomatic. @entity1358 appears to be the primary pathology associated with @entity1085 @entity3 . High rates of bilateral @entity1358 and pancreatic @entity3 suggest novel associations in @entity1 with @entity1358 and @entity1085 @entity3 .

title: @entity1358 with XXXX to the @entity1085 : four cases from the National @entity5 Institute (NCI) and review of the literature.

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluate presentation and outcome of @entity1 with metastatic @entity1085 from our institution and published literature. METHODS: @entity1 with a history of @entity1085 @entity3 from @entity1358 were selected from our institution's prospective database. A systematic PubMed search was performed to identify articles describing @entity1 with metastatic @entity1085 . The final cohort included 33 @entity1 : 4 from our institution and 29 from 28 previously published cases. Survival analysis was conducted using log-rank Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: Median @entity1 age was 63 years and the majority of @entity1 were male. Most @entity1 were asymptomatic and diagnosed with @entity1085 @entity3 on imaging performed for surveillance or staging. The median time to @entity1085 @entity3 following nephrectomy was 4 years. @entity3 to the @entity1085 occurred both synchronously (33%) and metachronously (67%). Of the @entity1 with available histology, all had clear cell @entity1358 (n = 28). Of all @entity1 , 13 (39%) had @entity3 only to the @entity1085 , while 20 (61%) had additional sites of @entity3 . The most common sites of additional @entity3 were contralateral kidney (30%), pancreas (21%), lung (18%), adrenal (18%), and lymph nodes (9%). All @entity1 underwent cholecystectomy. At a median follow up time of 1.5 years after cholecystectomy, 54% of @entity1 had no evidence of disease, 14% were alive with @entity3 , 23% had died from metastatic @entity1358 , and 9% died from causes unrelated to their @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Gallbladder @entity3 from @entity1358 is a rare event that may occur synchronously or metachronously with most @entity1 being asymptomatic. @entity1358 appears to be the primary pathology associated with @entity1085 @entity3 . High rates of bilateral @entity1358 and pancreatic @entity3 suggest novel associations in @entity1 with @entity1358 and @entity1085 @entity3 .

title: XXXX with @entity3 to the @entity1085 : four cases from the National @entity5 Institute (NCI) and review of the literature.

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluate presentation and outcome of @entity1 with metastatic @entity1085 from our institution and published literature. METHODS: @entity1 with a history of @entity1085 @entity3 from @entity1358 were selected from our institution's prospective database. A systematic PubMed search was performed to identify articles describing @entity1 with metastatic @entity1085 . The final cohort included 33 @entity1 : 4 from our institution and 29 from 28 previously published cases. Survival analysis was conducted using log-rank Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: Median @entity1 age was 63 years and the majority of @entity1 were male. Most @entity1 were asymptomatic and diagnosed with @entity1085 @entity3 on imaging performed for surveillance or staging. The median time to @entity1085 @entity3 following nephrectomy was 4 years. @entity3 to the @entity1085 occurred both synchronously (33%) and metachronously (67%). Of the @entity1 with available histology, all had clear cell @entity1358 (n = 28). Of all @entity1 , 13 (39%) had @entity3 only to the @entity1085 , while 20 (61%) had additional sites of @entity3 . The most common sites of additional @entity3 were contralateral kidney (30%), pancreas (21%), lung (18%), adrenal (18%), and lymph nodes (9%). All @entity1 underwent cholecystectomy. At a median follow up time of 1.5 years after cholecystectomy, 54% of @entity1 had no evidence of disease, 14% were alive with @entity3 , 23% had died from metastatic @entity1358 , and 9% died from causes unrelated to their @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Gallbladder @entity3 from @entity1358 is a rare event that may occur synchronously or metachronously with most @entity1 being asymptomatic. @entity1358 appears to be the primary pathology associated with @entity1085 @entity3 . High rates of bilateral @entity1358 and pancreatic @entity3 suggest novel associations in @entity1 with @entity1358 and @entity1085 @entity3 .

title: @entity1358 with @entity3 to the @entity1085 : four cases from the National XXXX Institute (NCI) and review of the literature.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mitochondrial protein homeostasis is crucial for cellular function and integrity and is therefore maintained by several classes of proteins possessing chaperone and/or proteolytic activities. In this work we focused on characterization of @entity47075 (lactation elevated 1) function in mitochondrial protein homeostasis maintenance. @entity47075 is the @entity1 homologue of @entity375 mitochondrial @entity72702 ATPase, a member of SEC18-NSF, @entity72703 , @entity19976 -VCP, TBP family. @entity375 @entity72702 was shown to mediate degradation of mitochondrially-encoded complex IV subunits, and based on its similarity with @entity19976 (p97/VCP) it was suggested to facilitate extraction of polytopic membrane proteins. Here we show that @entity47075 , which is a mitochondrial integral membrane protein, exists as part of three complexes of approx. 140, 400 and 500 kDa and is essential for maintenance of fused mitochondrial reticulum and lamellar cristae morphology. We demonstrate that @entity47075 mediates degradation of nuclear-encoded complex IV subunits @entity45811 , @entity55605 and COX6A, and is required for normal activity of complexes III and IV of respiratory chain. Using affinity purification of @entity47075 -FLAG expressed in @entity47075 knockdown background we show that the protein physically interacts with @entity45811 and @entity55605 subunits of complex IV and with mitochondrial inner-membrane protease YME1L. Finally, we demonstrate by ectopic expression of both @entity71834 Walker A and @entity72704 Walker B mutants, that an intact ATPase domain is essential for @entity47075 -mediated degradation of nuclear-encoded complex IV subunits. Thus, our work establishes @entity47075 as a novel factor with crucial role in mitochondrial protein homeostasis maintenance.

title: The @entity1 homologue of XXXX @entity72702 ATPase (Lactation elevated 1) mediates degradation of nuclear-encoded complex IV subunits.

answer: @entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mitochondrial protein homeostasis is crucial for cellular function and integrity and is therefore maintained by several classes of proteins possessing chaperone and/or proteolytic activities. In this work we focused on characterization of @entity47075 (lactation elevated 1) function in mitochondrial protein homeostasis maintenance. @entity47075 is the @entity1 homologue of @entity375 mitochondrial @entity72702 ATPase, a member of SEC18-NSF, @entity72703 , @entity19976 -VCP, TBP family. @entity375 @entity72702 was shown to mediate degradation of mitochondrially-encoded complex IV subunits, and based on its similarity with @entity19976 (p97/VCP) it was suggested to facilitate extraction of polytopic membrane proteins. Here we show that @entity47075 , which is a mitochondrial integral membrane protein, exists as part of three complexes of approx. 140, 400 and 500 kDa and is essential for maintenance of fused mitochondrial reticulum and lamellar cristae morphology. We demonstrate that @entity47075 mediates degradation of nuclear-encoded complex IV subunits @entity45811 , @entity55605 and COX6A, and is required for normal activity of complexes III and IV of respiratory chain. Using affinity purification of @entity47075 -FLAG expressed in @entity47075 knockdown background we show that the protein physically interacts with @entity45811 and @entity55605 subunits of complex IV and with mitochondrial inner-membrane protease YME1L. Finally, we demonstrate by ectopic expression of both @entity71834 Walker A and @entity72704 Walker B mutants, that an intact ATPase domain is essential for @entity47075 -mediated degradation of nuclear-encoded complex IV subunits. Thus, our work establishes @entity47075 as a novel factor with crucial role in mitochondrial protein homeostasis maintenance.

title: The @entity1 homologue of @entity375 XXXX ATPase (Lactation elevated 1) mediates degradation of nuclear-encoded complex IV subunits.

answer: @entity72702 :: (856658(Tax:4932),Gene) :: ['AFG1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mitochondrial protein homeostasis is crucial for cellular function and integrity and is therefore maintained by several classes of proteins possessing chaperone and/or proteolytic activities. In this work we focused on characterization of @entity47075 (lactation elevated 1) function in mitochondrial protein homeostasis maintenance. @entity47075 is the @entity1 homologue of @entity375 mitochondrial @entity72702 ATPase, a member of SEC18-NSF, @entity72703 , @entity19976 -VCP, TBP family. @entity375 @entity72702 was shown to mediate degradation of mitochondrially-encoded complex IV subunits, and based on its similarity with @entity19976 (p97/VCP) it was suggested to facilitate extraction of polytopic membrane proteins. Here we show that @entity47075 , which is a mitochondrial integral membrane protein, exists as part of three complexes of approx. 140, 400 and 500 kDa and is essential for maintenance of fused mitochondrial reticulum and lamellar cristae morphology. We demonstrate that @entity47075 mediates degradation of nuclear-encoded complex IV subunits @entity45811 , @entity55605 and COX6A, and is required for normal activity of complexes III and IV of respiratory chain. Using affinity purification of @entity47075 -FLAG expressed in @entity47075 knockdown background we show that the protein physically interacts with @entity45811 and @entity55605 subunits of complex IV and with mitochondrial inner-membrane protease YME1L. Finally, we demonstrate by ectopic expression of both @entity71834 Walker A and @entity72704 Walker B mutants, that an intact ATPase domain is essential for @entity47075 -mediated degradation of nuclear-encoded complex IV subunits. Thus, our work establishes @entity47075 as a novel factor with crucial role in mitochondrial protein homeostasis maintenance.

title: The XXXX homologue of @entity375 @entity72702 ATPase (Lactation elevated 1) mediates degradation of nuclear-encoded complex IV subunits.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: We report a 16 years old @entity1 with diagnosis of @entity3052 with severe immune suppression secondary to his @entity1778 's treatment. Early during the course of his chemotherapy he developed symptoms and signs compatible with @entity364 ( @entity364 ). Lungs were primarily compromised followed by CNS involvement with manifestations of @entity428 . Laboratory exams were remarkable for prolonged @entity1398 and indirect evidence of @entity281 , with successive detection of positive and increasing levels of galactoman antigen in serum. With this case we want emphasize the great importance of @entity364 in immune suppressed @entity1 and particularly the CNS compromise. This represents a medical emergency which deserves to start a complete and comprehensive microbiology diagnosis and concomitantly start an empiric antifungal treatment. The importance of neuroimaging for a correct identification of the number, location and size of CNS lesions must be highlighted. The election of MRI, if available, should be preferred due to a better performance than CT scan. Brain biopsy should be discussed when all the non invasive attempts for etiology identification have failed. The invasive fungal CNS compromise has medical treatment and the surgical drainage has to be considered for lesions greater than 2 cm or for those making a mass effect or have failed with medical treatment.

title: [Importance of images and etiological diagnosis of central nervous system involvement in immunocompromised XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['Acute Myeloid Leukemia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Aspergillus sp infection']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease and to leukemia']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['IFD', 'invasive fungal disease']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity56 is the result of an interplay of many different cell types, including basophils and mast cells, in combination with various inflammatory lipid mediators, such as platelet-activating factor ( @entity5567 ) and @entity4443 (LT). LTC4 synthesis by @entity1 basophils has been studied quite extensively. However, not much is known about the synthesis of @entity5567 by @entity1 basophils. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we have made a comprehensive comparison between the kinetics of @entity5567 and LTC4 synthesis, in highly purified basophils, activated with different stimuli or with combinations of stimuli. METHODS: Synthesis of @entity5567 and LTC4 by @entity1 basophils was determined with commercially available assay kits. The basophils were activated with C5a, @entity5038 , @entity4515 , allergen or anti-IgE, in the absence and presence of @entity2772 and/or in combination with elevation of cytosolic free @entity141 by the sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity141 -ATPase inhibitor @entity2426 . RESULTS: Most stimuli were found to induce both @entity5567 and LTC4 synthesis. @entity5567 synthesis and LTC4 release were enhanced by preincubation of the basophils with @entity2772 or by elevation of cytosolic free @entity141 by @entity2426 . Incubation of @entity1 basophils with @entity2772 alone or @entity2426 alone did not result in detectable synthesis of @entity5567 and LTC4, whereas the combination of the two resulted in high amounts of @entity5567 and LTC4 synthesis. Depending on the stimulus used, LTC4 release was 5-100-fold higher than @entity5567 synthesis. In addition, @entity5567 , but not LTC4, was transiently detected, probably due to @entity5567 degradation. LTC4 and @entity5567 synthesis was strongly blocked by inhibitors of cytosolic phospholipase A2, indicating that this enzyme is involved in @entity5567 and LTC4 synthesis by activated @entity1 basophils. CONCLUSION: This study provides a first comprehensive comparison of @entity5567 and LTC4 synthesis in highly purified @entity1 basophils, stimulated with a variety of stimuli.

title: Regulation and kinetics of platelet-activating factor and leukotriene C4 synthesis by activated XXXX basophils.

entities_list: @entity2426 :: ('MESH:D019284', 'Chemical') :: ['thapsigargin']

entities_list: @entity4443 :: ('MESH:D015289', 'Chemical') :: ['leukotrienes']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: We use asexual development of @entity1980 as a model system with which to determine the causes of cell differentiation. Air exposure of a mycelial mat induces @entity1104 , and adherent hyphae grow aerial hyphae that, in turn, form conidia. Previous work indicated the development of a hyperoxidant state at the start of these morphogenetic transitions and a large increase in catalase activity during conidiation. Catalase 3 (CAT-3) increases at the end of exponential growth and is induced by different stress conditions. Here we analyzed the effects of cat-3-null strains on growth and asexual development. The lack of CAT-3 was not compensated by other catalases, even under oxidative stress conditions, and cat-3(RIP) colonies were sensitive to @entity274 , indicating that wild-type (Wt) resistance to external @entity274 was due to CAT-3. cat-3(RIP) colonies grown in the dark produced high levels of @entity20072 as a consequence of oxidative stress. Light exacerbated oxidative stress and further increased carotene synthesis. In the cat-3(RIP) mutant strain, increased aeration in liquid cultures led to increased @entity1104 and protein oxidation. Compared to the Wt, the cat-3(RIP) mutant strain produced six times more aerial hyphae and conidia in air-exposed mycelial mats, as a result of longer and more densely packed aerial hyphae. Protein oxidation in colonies was threefold higher and showed more aerial hyphae and conidia in mutant strains than did the Wt. Results indicate that oxidative stress due to lack of CAT-3 induces carotene synthesis, @entity1104 , and more aerial hyphae and conidia.

title: Asexual development is increased in XXXX cat-3-null mutant strains.

entities_list: @entity1980 :: ('5141', 'Species') :: ['Neurospora crassa']

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['hyphal adhesion']

entities_list: @entity20072 :: ('MESH:D002338', 'Chemical') :: ['carotenes']

answer: @entity1980 :: (5141,Species) :: ['Neurospora crassa']


abstract: PURPOSE: A preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of @entity2600 in @entity1 with @entity11 demonstrated modest activity. A markedly lower than expected incidence of drug-related @entity137 was also noted. This was consistent with pharmacokinetic data indicating that the total body clearance (CL) of @entity2600 in this @entity1 population was considerably greater than in @entity14 @entity1 . Concomitant medications used chronically in @entity1313 @entity1 , especially glucocorticoids and anticonvulsants that induce hepatic enzymes involved in the metabolism or excretion of drugs, were believed to be the cause of the alteration in pharmacokinetic behavior. A Phase I study was therefore undertaken in @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 to independently determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of @entity2600 in @entity1 stratified according to the use of enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants (EIAs). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 received @entity2600 as a weekly 90-min i.v. infusion for four consecutive weeks, with additional cycles of treatment repeated every 6 weeks. The starting dose was 125 mg/m(2)/week for both groups of @entity1 (+/-EIA). Groups of >/==" BORDER="0">3 @entity1 were evaluated at each dose level, and the modified continual reassessment method was used for dose adjustments. The plasma pharmacokinetics of @entity2600 , its active metabolite, @entity2600 ( @entity2600 ), and the glucuronide conjugate of @entity2600 , @entity2600 glucuronide, were determined in all @entity1 during treatment with the first weekly dose. RESULTS: Forty @entity1 were enrolled into the study and treated with a total of 135 cycles of @entity2600 . The MTD was determined to be 411 mg/m(2)/week in the +EIA cohort and 117 mg/m(2)/week in the -EIA cohort for the weekly x 4 every 6 weeks schedule. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the CL of @entity2600 was distinctly dose dependent in the @entity1 receiving EIAs, decreasing from approximately 50 liters/h/m(2) at the lower dose levels (125-238 mg/m(2)) to a mean +/- SD value of 29.7 +/- 9.0 liters/h/m(2) (n = 7) at the MTD. The grand mean CL for a group of 13 @entity1 who were not taking EIAs, 18.8 +/- 10.6 liters/h/m(2), was significantly different from the mean CL at the MTD of the +EIA cohort (P = 0.033). Mean values of the AUC of @entity2600 (P = 0.4) and @entity54473 (P = 0.55) were not significantly different at the MTDs for the two cohorts of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The MTD of @entity2600 was 3.5 times greater in @entity1 with @entity11 who were concurrently receiving EIAs than in those who were not. This study has also served to confirm that the concomitant administration of EIAs results in marked enhancement in the CL of @entity2600 . These findings have important implications for subsequent clinical trials to further evaluate @entity2600 in @entity1313 @entity1 and underscore the importance of assessing the potential for pharmacokinetic interactions between concurrent medications and chemotherapeutic agents.

title: Phase I clinical and pharmacokinetic study of @entity2600 in adults with recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['SN-38', '7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin', 'irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain cancer']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma', 'malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity54473 :: ('MESH:C441475', 'Chemical') :: ['SN-38 glucuronide']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['malignant glioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: A preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of @entity2600 in @entity1 with @entity11 demonstrated modest activity. A markedly lower than expected incidence of drug-related @entity137 was also noted. This was consistent with pharmacokinetic data indicating that the total body clearance (CL) of @entity2600 in this @entity1 population was considerably greater than in @entity14 @entity1 . Concomitant medications used chronically in @entity1313 @entity1 , especially glucocorticoids and anticonvulsants that induce hepatic enzymes involved in the metabolism or excretion of drugs, were believed to be the cause of the alteration in pharmacokinetic behavior. A Phase I study was therefore undertaken in @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 to independently determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of @entity2600 in @entity1 stratified according to the use of enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants (EIAs). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity1 with recurrent @entity11 received @entity2600 as a weekly 90-min i.v. infusion for four consecutive weeks, with additional cycles of treatment repeated every 6 weeks. The starting dose was 125 mg/m(2)/week for both groups of @entity1 (+/-EIA). Groups of >/==" BORDER="0">3 @entity1 were evaluated at each dose level, and the modified continual reassessment method was used for dose adjustments. The plasma pharmacokinetics of @entity2600 , its active metabolite, @entity2600 ( @entity2600 ), and the glucuronide conjugate of @entity2600 , @entity2600 glucuronide, were determined in all @entity1 during treatment with the first weekly dose. RESULTS: Forty @entity1 were enrolled into the study and treated with a total of 135 cycles of @entity2600 . The MTD was determined to be 411 mg/m(2)/week in the +EIA cohort and 117 mg/m(2)/week in the -EIA cohort for the weekly x 4 every 6 weeks schedule. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the CL of @entity2600 was distinctly dose dependent in the @entity1 receiving EIAs, decreasing from approximately 50 liters/h/m(2) at the lower dose levels (125-238 mg/m(2)) to a mean +/- SD value of 29.7 +/- 9.0 liters/h/m(2) (n = 7) at the MTD. The grand mean CL for a group of 13 @entity1 who were not taking EIAs, 18.8 +/- 10.6 liters/h/m(2), was significantly different from the mean CL at the MTD of the +EIA cohort (P = 0.033). Mean values of the AUC of @entity2600 (P = 0.4) and @entity54473 (P = 0.55) were not significantly different at the MTDs for the two cohorts of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The MTD of @entity2600 was 3.5 times greater in @entity1 with @entity11 who were concurrently receiving EIAs than in those who were not. This study has also served to confirm that the concomitant administration of EIAs results in marked enhancement in the CL of @entity2600 . These findings have important implications for subsequent clinical trials to further evaluate @entity2600 in @entity1313 @entity1 and underscore the importance of assessing the potential for pharmacokinetic interactions between concurrent medications and chemotherapeutic agents.

title: Phase I clinical and pharmacokinetic study of XXXX in adults with recurrent @entity11 .

answer: @entity2600 :: (MESH:C051890,Chemical) :: ['irinotecan']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Body-image issues associated with dermatological side effects induced by anticancer-targeted therapies have not been specifically explored until now despite growing literature about their impact on quality of life. Prospective and longitudinal investigations were needed. The aim of our study was to describe body-image changes occurring with cutaneous @entity137 and their psychosocial impact on @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Thirty-three @entity1 were evaluated four times during the first 3  months of targeted therapy in terms of body satisfaction, physical attitudes and @entity308 with validated and ad hoc questionnaires. The NCI-CTCAE V4.0 was used to grade adverse dermatological events. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted with SPSS 14.0 software. RESULTS: Ninety-four per cent of the @entity1 developed @entity137 . Body satisfaction remained stable and slightly better than average over this period. About one-third of the @entity1 reported body-image issues at baseline. Body satisfaction and @entity308 levels at baseline appeared to be significantly associated with body-image issues after 3  months of therapy. CONCLUSION: In the framework of regular dermatological monitoring, @entity137 did not appear to be associated with body-image issues. Body satisfaction and depressive symptoms at the beginning of targeted therapy emerged as critical factors that practitioners should consider in order to prevent deterioration of body image that could impact on quality of life and compromise compliance.

title: Impact of Skin XXXX Associated with Targeted Cancer Therapies on Body Image: A Prospective Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['skin toxicities', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Toxicities']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate alterations in protein kinases and phosphatases that regulate the activity of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in @entity5589 ( @entity5589 ). BACKGROUND: In vacuolated fibers in @entity5589 , several studies reported upregulation of the @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) subclass of MAPK family. Whereas MAPK kinases (MKK) activate MAPK, MAPK phosphatases (MKP) inactivate MAPK. @entity14520 is involved in muscle fiber differentiation and it is downregulated during myotube formation. METHODS: Immunolocalization of @entity12363 through @entity33644 and @entity14520 to @entity34113 was tested in muscle specimens from 10 @entity1 with @entity5589 and controls. RESULTS: In @entity5589 , strong and focal deposits of @entity14520 were observed in vacuolated fibers. The @entity14520 -positive deposits were colocalized with @entity3963 . @entity21323 , @entity34113 , and MKK were not associated with vacuolated fibers. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity5589 , @entity14520 is abnormally induced in vacuolated fibers probably to inactivate @entity3963 . Although direct activators other than those tested in the current study might induce @entity3963 , the absence of activation of MKK suggests that the aggregation of @entity3963 protein itself causes the seeming upregulation of the protein kinase in @entity5589 . Like @entity3963 and its nuclear substrate, @entity14520 is an enzyme that forms aggregates in vacuolated fibers and is involved in myogenesis.

title: @entity14520 is induced in abnormal fibers in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3963 :: ('5594', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular regulated kinase', 'ERK']

entities_list: @entity5589 :: ('MESH:D018979', 'Disease') :: ['IBM', 'sporadic inclusion body myositis']

answer: @entity5589 :: (MESH:D018979,Disease) :: ['inclusion body myositis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate alterations in protein kinases and phosphatases that regulate the activity of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in @entity5589 ( @entity5589 ). BACKGROUND: In vacuolated fibers in @entity5589 , several studies reported upregulation of the @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) subclass of MAPK family. Whereas MAPK kinases (MKK) activate MAPK, MAPK phosphatases (MKP) inactivate MAPK. @entity14520 is involved in muscle fiber differentiation and it is downregulated during myotube formation. METHODS: Immunolocalization of @entity12363 through @entity33644 and @entity14520 to @entity34113 was tested in muscle specimens from 10 @entity1 with @entity5589 and controls. RESULTS: In @entity5589 , strong and focal deposits of @entity14520 were observed in vacuolated fibers. The @entity14520 -positive deposits were colocalized with @entity3963 . @entity21323 , @entity34113 , and MKK were not associated with vacuolated fibers. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity5589 , @entity14520 is abnormally induced in vacuolated fibers probably to inactivate @entity3963 . Although direct activators other than those tested in the current study might induce @entity3963 , the absence of activation of MKK suggests that the aggregation of @entity3963 protein itself causes the seeming upregulation of the protein kinase in @entity5589 . Like @entity3963 and its nuclear substrate, @entity14520 is an enzyme that forms aggregates in vacuolated fibers and is involved in myogenesis.

title: XXXX is induced in abnormal fibers in @entity5589 .

answer: @entity14520 :: (1843,Gene) :: ['MAP kinase phosphatase-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between @entity14 ( @entity14 ) and @entity7261 is uncertain, and there is little data reported in Asia. This study examined the association of both diseases based on the computed tomographic colonography (CTC). METHODS: This study was designed as a case-control study. Korean subjects undergoing CTC between April 2002 to April 2008 in Samsung Medical Center were eligible. @entity1 with histologically proven @entity14 (case group) and asymptomatic age and gender matched controls (control group) were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 604 subjects were enrolled in this study (Case group N = 302, Control group N = 302). The case group was 54.6% male and the median age was 56.9 years old. Among them 24.5% of @entity14 @entity1 had @entity7261 compared to 29.5% of controls (P = 0.169). The distribution of @entity7261 between the two groups was similar. Subset analysis revealed no difference in the location of @entity7261 in @entity1 with right @entity694 and left @entity694 (P = 0.781). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that @entity14 is not associated with @entity7261 .

title: Association between XXXX and colonic diverticulosis: case-control study based on computed tomographic colonography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity7261 :: ('MESH:D004240', 'Disease') :: ['diverticulosis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of various molecular forms of hemoglobin as markers for fetal nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs). METHODS: The presence of epsilon and gamma globin positive NRBCs was investigated in pure fetal blood and in blood from pregnant @entity1 before and after chorion biopsy. Maternal samples were enriched for NRBCs by various conventional methods, including limited enrichment by only positive @entity8282 selection or single density gradient. We searched for fetal cells on slides by automated scanning. Fetal cells were defined by (1) the presence of epsilon or gamma globin and (2) simultaneously by the presence of a Y chromosome signal. RESULTS: 18 of 25 gamma globin positive cells identified in blood samples after chorion biopsy were chromosome Y signal positive, and 1 cell had two X chromosome signals. 263 of 339 @entity6618 positive cells identified in blood samples after chorion biopsy were hybridized with X and Y chromosome probes. None had two X signals, and 249 were Y positive. In blood samples before chorion biopsy, only 1 @entity6618 positive fetal NRBC and no @entity6618 positive maternal NRBCs were found. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6618 may be specific for fetal NRBCs. Only 1 @entity6618 positive fetal cell was identified in 1 of 12 blood samples before chorion biopsy, representing a total of 182 ml of maternal blood. This suggests that most fetal cells found in maternal blood by fluorescence in situ hybridization methods may not be NRBCs.

title: Studies on the isolation and identification of fetal nucleated red blood cells in the circulation of pregnant XXXX before and after chorion villus sampling.

entities_list: @entity6618 :: ('3046', 'Gene') :: ['Epsilon globin', 'epsilon globin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: During 1964 to 1967, a survey of 30,534 @entity1 for @entity6565 was made on all over the country with the following results: 1. Among 24,816 draftees from all over the country in the army recruitment camp 155(0.63 %) were found infected with @entity2757 . Cheju Do showed the highest microfilaria rate(3.5 %), North Kyongsang Do(1.4 %) the next and South Cholla Do(1.2 %) the third. 2. Blood films from 2,308 inhabitants were examined and 407(17.6 %) showed microfilaria in Cheju Do. 30(3.1 %) out of 974 inhabitants in North Kyongsang Do were found to be infected. The microfilaria rates were 2.0 per cent for 400 inhabitants of Chindo island in South Cholla Do. However, no positive case of microfilaria was found in the inhabitants of Kokumdo among 1,820 @entity1 examined in South Cholla Do and of Namhae island(among 165 @entity1 examined) in South Kyongsang Do. 3. The mean microfilarial density per 20 cu. mm of blood was 52.6 in the inhabitants of Cheju Do, 12.2 in North Kyongsang Do and 27.3 in Chindo island(South Cholla Do). 4. Any distinct relationship between the incidence of positive cases of microfilariae and age or sex of the cases was not observed in Cheju Do. However, in Norh Kyongsang Do and South Cholla Do the microfilaria rate of the male group is higher than the one of the female group of the inhabitants. 5. From the above survey results it turned out that @entity6565 was found throughout Southern Korea except Kyonggi Do and South Kyongsang Do. A total 30,534 @entity1 examined, 601(2.0 %) were found to be infected by @entity2757 . Therefore, it seems that there are some endemic foci of @entity6565 in three main areas such as North Kyongsang Do, South Cholla Do and Cheju Do.

title: The Epidemiological Studies On The Filariasis In Korea: II. Distribution And Prevalence Of XXXX In Southern Korea.

entities_list: @entity6565 :: ('MESH:D005368', 'Disease') :: ['malayian filariasis', 'filariasis']

entities_list: @entity2757 :: ('6279', 'Species') :: ['Brugia malayi']

answer: @entity6565 :: (MESH:D005368,Disease) :: ['Malayian Filariasis']


abstract: PURPOSE: We obtained detailed information on the time and number of ejaculations to @entity3893 after vasectomy by ligation and excision. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 seeking vasectomy at 3 public clinics in Mexico City were invited to participate in this prospective noncomparative study. Vasectomy was performed using the no-scalpel technique. The vas was occluded using 2 silk sutures and the segment of vas between the ligatures was excised. @entity1 were followed biweekly up to 24 weeks after vasectomy or until @entity3893 was confirmed. Semen was examined at each visit for sperm concentration and motility. The main outcome measure was @entity3893 in uncentrifuged semen samples. RESULTS: The life table rate for time to @entity3893 was 81.5/100 @entity1 (95% CI 76.2 to 86.9) by the end of the study. Cumulative Kaplan-Meier event probability attained a maximum of 79.5/100 @entity1 (95% CI 73.7 to 85.2) at 70 ejaculations. Only 60/100 and 27.9/100 @entity1 were azoospermic by 12 weeks and 20 ejaculations, respectively. These end points are the commonly recommended waiting periods when semen analysis is unavailable. Of the 217 @entity1 36 (16.6%) did not achieve @entity3893 by 24 weeks, of whom 25 (11.5% of all @entity1 ) were considered to have vasectomy failure. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that it is not possible to develop guidelines for clearance based only on the time or number of ejaculations when ligation and excision are performed. In addition, of the methods for vas occlusion during vasectomy ligation and excision may not provide the best success rates.

title: A prospective study of time and number of ejaculations to XXXX after vasectomy by ligation and excision.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['azoospermia']

answer: @entity3893 :: (MESH:D053713,Disease) :: ['azoospermia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to recent lifestyle changes, the worldwide incidence of @entity5 is on the increase. This study focuses on the clinical and pathological profile of @entity5 of the oropharynx as seen in a north-central Nigerian teaching hospital. METHODS: This is a descriptive retrospective analysis of the clinical and pathological profile of this disease. RESULTS: Six @entity1 aged between 37 years and 78 years had @entity5 . There were 5 (83.3%) males and 1 (16.7%) female. All @entity1 presented with cervical @entity4 , @entity1282 , odynophagia and muffled voice with @entity1547 and visible masses filling up the oral cavity and oropharynx. Four (66.7%) @entity1 presented with @entity1353 and 3 (50%) with @entity7867 and @entity2319 . Three (50%) @entity1 had histologic diagnosis of @entity1893 (centroblastic), 1 had lymphoepithelioma and 2 had @entity957 . Two (33.3%) @entity1 died during treatment, 2 (33.30%) defaulted and 1 (16.7%) is being followed up for 5 years and is @entity5 free. CONCLUSION: @entity5 has a poor prognosis in the tropics due to late presentation. Proper health education aimed at early detection and treatment in our environment is required.

title: Clinicopathological profile of XXXX of the oropharynx: a case series.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant oropharyngeal tumors', 'malignant tumors', 'Oropharyngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['dental caries']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To outline methods for deriving and validating @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) antimicrobial utilization (AU) measures from computerized data and to describe programming problems that emerged. DESIGN: Retrospective evaluation of computerized pharmacy and administrative data. SETTING: ICUs from 4 academic medical centers over 36 months. INTERVENTIONS: Investigators separately developed and validated programming code to report AU measures in selected ICUs. Use of antibacterial and antifungal drugs for systemic administration was categorized and expressed as antimicrobial-days (each day that each antimicrobial drug was given to each @entity1 ) and @entity1 -days receiving antimicrobials (each day that any antimicrobial drug was given to each @entity1 ). Monthly rates were compiled and analyzed centrally, with @entity1213 @entity1 -days as the denominator. Results were validated against data collected from manual review of medical records. Frequent discussion among investigators aided identification and correction of programming problems. RESULTS: AU data were successfully programmed though a reiterative process of computer code revision. After identifying and resolving major programming errors, comparison of computerized @entity1 -level data with data collected by manual review of medical records revealed discrepancies in antimicrobial-days and @entity1 -days receiving antimicrobials that ranged from less than 1% to 17.7%. The hospital from which numerator data were derived from electronic records of medication administration had the least discrepant results. CONCLUSIONS: Computerized AU measures can be derived feasibly, but threats to validity must be sought out and corrected. The magnitude of discrepancies between computerized AU data and a gold standard based on manual review of medical records varies, with electronic records of medication administration providing maximal accuracy.

title: Deriving measures of XXXX antimicrobial use from computerized pharmacy data: methods, validation, and overcoming barriers.

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['intensive care unit', 'ICU']

answer: @entity1213 :: (MESH:D012555,Disease) :: ['intensive care unit']


abstract: Thermotherapy combined with tegafur ( @entity16229 ) and @entity1012 was performed in 13 @entity1 with @entity150 . The thermotherapy was performed using a closed circulation type of thermotherapeutic apparatus manufactured for this experiment, by way of a 3-way catheter. The flow rate of the perfusate was 150 ml/min at a constant temperature of 43 degrees C. The temperature was monitored at the inlet and outlet catheter of the urethral meatus. The thermotherapy was performed for a 6-hour period once a week. A tegafur 3000-mg suppository was given 2 hours before the thermotherapy, and @entity1012 was added to the perfusate at the time of thermotherapy. No anesthesia was used. @entity5 was observed in 1 case. The concentrations of tegafur in the serum, @entity5 and bladder wall were measured simultaneously. The levels obtained at two hours after rectal administration of the tegafur 3000-mg suppository were 19.420 mcg/ml for @entity16229 and 0.025 mcg/ml for @entity1487 in the serum, 13.170 mcg/g for @entity16229 and 0.140 mcg/g for @entity1487 in the @entity150 , and 20.447 mcg/g for @entity16229 and 0.252 mcg/g for @entity1487 in the bladder wall. Eruption was observed in 1 case. No other side effects were noted.

title: [Thermotherapy for @entity150 in combination with tegafur suppository and XXXX --concentrations of tegafur in the serum and tissues in @entity150 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1012 :: ('MESH:D010844', 'Chemical') :: ['Picibanil']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Complete disappearance of the tumor']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor', 'cancer of the urinary bladder']

answer: @entity1012 :: (MESH:D010844,Chemical) :: ['picibanil']


abstract: Thermotherapy combined with tegafur ( @entity16229 ) and @entity1012 was performed in 13 @entity1 with @entity150 . The thermotherapy was performed using a closed circulation type of thermotherapeutic apparatus manufactured for this experiment, by way of a 3-way catheter. The flow rate of the perfusate was 150 ml/min at a constant temperature of 43 degrees C. The temperature was monitored at the inlet and outlet catheter of the urethral meatus. The thermotherapy was performed for a 6-hour period once a week. A tegafur 3000-mg suppository was given 2 hours before the thermotherapy, and @entity1012 was added to the perfusate at the time of thermotherapy. No anesthesia was used. @entity5 was observed in 1 case. The concentrations of tegafur in the serum, @entity5 and bladder wall were measured simultaneously. The levels obtained at two hours after rectal administration of the tegafur 3000-mg suppository were 19.420 mcg/ml for @entity16229 and 0.025 mcg/ml for @entity1487 in the serum, 13.170 mcg/g for @entity16229 and 0.140 mcg/g for @entity1487 in the @entity150 , and 20.447 mcg/g for @entity16229 and 0.252 mcg/g for @entity1487 in the bladder wall. Eruption was observed in 1 case. No other side effects were noted.

title: [Thermotherapy for XXXX in combination with tegafur suppository and @entity1012 --concentrations of tegafur in the serum and tissues in @entity150 ].

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['cancer of the urinary bladder']


abstract: Thermotherapy combined with tegafur ( @entity16229 ) and @entity1012 was performed in 13 @entity1 with @entity150 . The thermotherapy was performed using a closed circulation type of thermotherapeutic apparatus manufactured for this experiment, by way of a 3-way catheter. The flow rate of the perfusate was 150 ml/min at a constant temperature of 43 degrees C. The temperature was monitored at the inlet and outlet catheter of the urethral meatus. The thermotherapy was performed for a 6-hour period once a week. A tegafur 3000-mg suppository was given 2 hours before the thermotherapy, and @entity1012 was added to the perfusate at the time of thermotherapy. No anesthesia was used. @entity5 was observed in 1 case. The concentrations of tegafur in the serum, @entity5 and bladder wall were measured simultaneously. The levels obtained at two hours after rectal administration of the tegafur 3000-mg suppository were 19.420 mcg/ml for @entity16229 and 0.025 mcg/ml for @entity1487 in the serum, 13.170 mcg/g for @entity16229 and 0.140 mcg/g for @entity1487 in the @entity150 , and 20.447 mcg/g for @entity16229 and 0.252 mcg/g for @entity1487 in the bladder wall. Eruption was observed in 1 case. No other side effects were noted.

title: [Thermotherapy for @entity150 in combination with tegafur suppository and @entity1012 --concentrations of tegafur in the serum and tissues in XXXX ].

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of studies have examined the effects of prenatal exposure to stress on birth outcomes but few have specifically focused on @entity6475 . In the present protocol, we aim to examine if work characterised by high demands and low control, during pregnancy, is associated with the risk of giving birth to a @entity1 born preterm or small for gestational age. METHODS AND DESIGN: We will use the Danish National Birth Cohort where 100.000 @entity1 are included at baseline. In the present study 49,340 pregnancies will be included. Multinomial logistic regression will be applied to estimate odds ratios for the outcomes: preterm; full term but small for gestational age; full term but large for gestational age, as a function of job-strain (high strain, active and passive versus low strain). In the analysis we control for maternal age, Body Mass Index, parity, exercise, smoking, @entity285 use, coffee consumption, type of work (manual versus non-manual), @entity66 and parents' heights as well as gestational age at interview. DISCUSSION: The prospective nature of the design and the high number of @entity1 strengthen the study. The large statistical power allows for interpretable results regardless of whether or not the hypotheses are confirmed. This is, however, not a controlled study since all kinds of 'natural' interventions takes place throughout pregnancy (e.g. work absence, medical treatment and job-redesign). The analysis will be performed from a public health perspective. From this perspective, we are not primarily interested in the effect of job strain per se but if there is residual effect of job strain after naturally occurring preventive measures have been taken.

title: Testing the association between XXXX and adverse birth outcomes--design and methods.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity6475 :: ('MESH:D013180', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial job strain']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['maternal serious disease']

answer: @entity6475 :: (MESH:D013180,Disease) :: ['psychosocial job strain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present our experience in the treatment of severe @entity850 of the external urinary meatus in male @entity1 and adults with @entity18419 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 21 @entity1 were operated on in a 5-year period, using the meatoplasty technique of Malone. Mean @entity1 age was 41.7 years (range 7-75). Mean postoperative follow-up was 40.8 months (range 6-54). The surgical procedure consisted in making a small ventral incision of the urethral meatus with an extensive dorsal meatotomy, correcting the esthetic defect of the gland with an inverted V-shaped relieving incision. The postoperative evaluation was performed in every @entity1 by written questionnaire informing about the functional and cosmetic results of the surgical technique. RESULTS: No @entity532 or recurrences of the @entity3832 were recorded. A total of 18 @entity1 (85.7%) replied to the post-surgical questionnaire. All were very satisfied with the functional result. Fifteen (83.3%) were also very satisfied with the cosmetic results of the technique. CONCLUSION: The meatoplasty of Malone is a good alternative for the treatment of @entity3832 . It is an easy and rapid-to-perform technique. It avoids creating a hypospadiac meatus and achieves good postoperative results.

title: [Treatment of XXXX due to @entity18419 . Long term results using the meatoplasty of Malone].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity18419 :: ('MESH:D052798', 'Disease') :: ['balanitis xerotic obliterans']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['post-surgical complications']

entities_list: @entity3832 :: ('MESH:D014525', 'Disease') :: ['urethral meatal stenosis', 'urethral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity3832 :: (MESH:D014525,Disease) :: ['urethral meatus stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present our experience in the treatment of severe @entity850 of the external urinary meatus in male @entity1 and adults with @entity18419 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 21 @entity1 were operated on in a 5-year period, using the meatoplasty technique of Malone. Mean @entity1 age was 41.7 years (range 7-75). Mean postoperative follow-up was 40.8 months (range 6-54). The surgical procedure consisted in making a small ventral incision of the urethral meatus with an extensive dorsal meatotomy, correcting the esthetic defect of the gland with an inverted V-shaped relieving incision. The postoperative evaluation was performed in every @entity1 by written questionnaire informing about the functional and cosmetic results of the surgical technique. RESULTS: No @entity532 or recurrences of the @entity3832 were recorded. A total of 18 @entity1 (85.7%) replied to the post-surgical questionnaire. All were very satisfied with the functional result. Fifteen (83.3%) were also very satisfied with the cosmetic results of the technique. CONCLUSION: The meatoplasty of Malone is a good alternative for the treatment of @entity3832 . It is an easy and rapid-to-perform technique. It avoids creating a hypospadiac meatus and achieves good postoperative results.

title: [Treatment of @entity3832 due to XXXX . Long term results using the meatoplasty of Malone].

answer: @entity18419 :: (MESH:D052798,Disease) :: ['Balanitis xerotic obliterans']


abstract: Lysoplasmalogenase (EC 3.3.2.2 and EC 3.3.2.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes hydrolytic cleavage of the @entity17046 bond of lysoplasmalogen, forming @entity72705 and @entity28053 or @entity15001 and is specific for the sn-2-deacylated form of plasmalogen. Here we report the purification, characterization, identification, and cloning of lysoplasmalogenase. @entity35 liver microsomal lysoplasmalogenase was solubilized with @entity6072 and purified 500-fold to near homogeneity using four chromatography steps. The purified enzyme has apparent K(m) values of    50  m for both @entity13475 and @entity13475 and apparent V(m) values of 24.5 and 17.5  mol/min/mg protein for the two substrates, respectively. The pH optimum was 7.0. Lysoplasmalogenase was competitively inhibited by @entity4990 (K(i)    20  m). The predominant band on a gel at    19 kDa was subjected to trypsinolysis, and the peptides were identified by mass spectrometry as @entity72706 , a protein of unknown function. Transient transfection of @entity1 embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells showed that @entity72706 cDNA yielded lysoplasmalogenase activity, and Western blot analyses confirmed the synthesis of @entity72706 protein. The protein was localized in the membrane fractions. The @entity72706 gene was also transformed into @entity526 , and its expression was verified by Western blot and activity analyses. @entity72706 is a hydrophobic transmembrane protein of the YhhN family. Northern blot analyses demonstrated that liver expressed the highest level of @entity72706 , which agreed with tissue distribution of activity. Overexpression of @entity72706 in HEK 293T cells resulted in decreased levels of plasmalogens, suggesting that the enzyme may be important in regulating plasmalogen levels in animal cells.

title: Purification, identification, and cloning of lysoplasmalogenase, the enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of the XXXX bond of lysoplasmalogen.

entities_list: @entity4990 :: ('MESH:C032881', 'Chemical') :: ['lysophosphatidic acid']

entities_list: @entity6072 :: ('MESH:C018619', 'Chemical') :: ['octyl glucoside']

entities_list: @entity28053 :: ('MESH:C002449', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerophosphoethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity13475 :: ('MESH:C021215', 'Chemical') :: ['lysoplasmenylcholine', 'lysoplasmenylethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity72705 :: ('MESH:C001634', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty aldehyde']

entities_list: @entity17046 :: ('MESH:C100195', 'Chemical') :: ['vinyl ether']

entities_list: @entity15001 :: ('CHEBI:55397', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerophosphocholine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity17046 :: (MESH:C100195,Chemical) :: ['vinyl ether']


abstract: @entity14775 of the liver has been a controversial entity, in particular, regarding differentiation from @entity4929 of the bile duct. In this study, we compared the characteristics of hepatic mucinous @entity43 (n=29) to those of cyst-forming @entity4929 of the bile duct (n=12). Radiological or macroscopic appearance, histological grade of @entity5 , and postoperative clinical course were recorded. Immunohistochemistry for biliary or gastrointestinal markers was performed to characterize cell phenotypes. The @entity1 with hepatic mucinous @entity5 were all female and ranged in age from 21 to 67 years, which was significantly younger than that in the @entity1 with @entity1125 . Eighteen mucinous @entity5 (76%) were located in the left lobe, with 13 (54%) in segment IV. @entity14775 were significantly larger than @entity4929 (median diameter: 110 vs 50 mm, P=0.008). In contrast to @entity4929 that were all histologically malignant, 26 mucinous @entity5 (90%) were @entity652 , 2 (7%) were borderline malignant, and 1 (3%) was a @entity189 in situ. Benign mucinous @entity9296 had the pure biliary immunophenotype, whereas gastrointestinal markers including @entity2225 and @entity3558 core proteins 2, 5AC, and 6 were more frequently expressed in borderline or malignant mucinous @entity5 and @entity1125 . There was no mortality in the @entity1 with mucinous @entity5 , whereas one @entity1 with @entity4929 died of @entity5 . In conclusion, hepatic mucinous @entity5 and @entity1125 have different clinicopathological characteristics as evidenced by differences in the age and gender of @entity1 , macroscopic appearance, immunophenotypes, and grades of @entity5 .

title: Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the liver: a clinicopathological study and comparison with XXXX of the bile duct.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['cystic neoplasms with ovarian-like stroma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4929 :: ('MESH:C565310', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal papillary neoplasms', 'intraductal papillary neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cystic neoplasms', 'cancer', 'cystic neoplasm', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14775 :: ('MESH:D018297', 'Disease') :: ['Mucinous cystic neoplasm', 'Mucinous cystic neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity9296 :: ('MESH:D003537', 'Disease') :: ['cystadenomas']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary intraductal papillary neoplasms', 'biliary intraductal papillary neoplasm']

answer: @entity4929 :: (MESH:C565310,Disease) :: ['intraductal papillary neoplasms']


abstract: The precipitation and growth of @entity19022 on @entity575 in physiological @entity4202 solution were investigated. @entity19022 was found to form at bottom of scratches on the surface which may be the less effective sites for diffusion or the favorable sites for heterogeneous nucleation. Patches of @entity32777 expanded laterally on the substrate until a continuous film formed. The ionic transport path through this newly formed continuous film was via spaces between @entity19022 patches. As the film grew, the spaces between @entity19022 patches closed and ion transport was primarily via micro-channels running through @entity19022 patches. The decrease of @entity19022 layer conductivity during film growth were attributed to the clogging of micro-channels or decrease in charge carrier concentration inside the micro-channels. Under thin @entity19022 layer, i.e. on the order of a micrometer, the dissolution of @entity575 substrate was under mixed activation-Ohmic control. Under thick @entity19022 layer, i.e. on the order of tens of micrometers, the dissolution of @entity575 substrate was mediated by the Ohmic resistance of @entity19022 layer.

title: The Effect of XXXX Formation on the Kinetics of @entity575 Dissolution in Chloride Solution.

entities_list: @entity32777 :: ('MESH:C037548', 'Chemical') :: ['silver chloride']

answer: @entity32777 :: (MESH:C037548,Chemical) :: ['Silver Chloride']


abstract: The precipitation and growth of @entity19022 on @entity575 in physiological @entity4202 solution were investigated. @entity19022 was found to form at bottom of scratches on the surface which may be the less effective sites for diffusion or the favorable sites for heterogeneous nucleation. Patches of @entity32777 expanded laterally on the substrate until a continuous film formed. The ionic transport path through this newly formed continuous film was via spaces between @entity19022 patches. As the film grew, the spaces between @entity19022 patches closed and ion transport was primarily via micro-channels running through @entity19022 patches. The decrease of @entity19022 layer conductivity during film growth were attributed to the clogging of micro-channels or decrease in charge carrier concentration inside the micro-channels. Under thin @entity19022 layer, i.e. on the order of a micrometer, the dissolution of @entity575 substrate was under mixed activation-Ohmic control. Under thick @entity19022 layer, i.e. on the order of tens of micrometers, the dissolution of @entity575 substrate was mediated by the Ohmic resistance of @entity19022 layer.

title: The Effect of @entity32777 Formation on the Kinetics of XXXX Dissolution in Chloride Solution.

answer: @entity575 :: (MESH:D012834,Chemical) :: ['Silver']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nurses working in @entity341 ( @entity341 ) are in the most danger of workplace violence (WPV) because of the critical nature of the wards. AIMS: This study aimed to find the frequency and nature of physical and verbal WPV against Iranian nurses working in @entity341 . METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out using consensus sampling of 196 bachelor's degree nurses working in 11 @entity341 of teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The data were collected through the adapted version of a self-administered questionnaire developed by the International Labor Office/International Council of Nurses/World Health Organization/Public Services International on WPV in the health sector. The gathered data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The @entity1 were mostly (89.1%) female and their work experiences (63.2%) in nursing were between 1 and 5 years; 19.7% of the nurses had faced physical violence. All of the physical violence incidents were without-weapon; 91.6% of the @entity1 experienced @entity734 during the past year. @entity1 ' relatives were the most common source of violence. Dissatisfaction was reported on the way the incidents were handled. CONCLUSION: It is believed that finding the pattern and nature of WPV is the first step to develop suitable strategies to deal with the issue. Establishing WPV management teams and enacting appropriate laws can improve workplace safety for nurses and @entity1 ' care quality.

title: Workplace violence against Iranian nurses working in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency departments', 'EDs']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['verbal abuse']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency departments']


abstract: In Mauritius, the maternal mortality rate (MMR) was 21 per 100000 live births for the year 2001 and this is comparable with figures from developed countries. There has been poor documentation in the area of @entity101 disorders of pregnancy until recently in the island. Consequently, we analysed data from the Ministry of Health. @entity101 of pregnancy occurred in 6.7% gravidas in 2001. Out of four maternal @entity204 recorded in 2001, two occurred due to severe @entity3036 . In the second part of our study, we scrutinised also the obstetric notes and interviewed 862 hospitalised @entity1 from four main hospitals of the island between 1995 and 1997. The majority of @entity1 were affected by non-proteinuric @entity101 (70%), followed by @entity1468 (24%) and chronic @entity101 (6%). Preeclamptic primi and multigravidas developed the condition earlier and also gave birth to growth-retarded babies. Highly significant results supported the relationship between @entity851 and @entity1468 in different parities, irrespective of the length of exposure of the baby in utero. Preeclampsia affects both Indo-Mauritians and Creoles to the same extent, but the latter are much more prone to gestational @entity101 . In addition, @entity101 disorders of pregnancy are more a problem of multigravid @entity1 in Creoles while they are more classically a condition of primigravidae in Indians.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX in Mauritius island.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive', 'Hypertensive disorders']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: Transplant-transmitted malignances are rare but devastating events. @entity1313 are the least common among reported donor-derived @entity5 . We report a case of donor-transmitted @entity979 , a @entity6196 , in a two-yr-old male recipient, who presented with a rapidly growing mass in the right mandible, four months after multiple visceral organ transplantation. The recipient had liver, pancreas, and small bowel transplants because of end-stage @entity1578 and @entity851 , which was secondary to large bowel resection for management of @entity6675 complicated by intestinal volvulus. The donor autopsy results became available seven wk after transplantation, which found a @entity979 with meningeal spread. Evaluation of eyes, adrenal glands, bone marrow, and other organs did not identify @entity3 outside the CNS. A biopsy of the recipient's right mandibular mass revealed a malignant small round blue cell @entity5 with the immunohistochemistry profile of a @entity6196 . Staging evaluation revealed the @entity5 in the right mandible with bone marrow involvement. Further investigation showed that @entity5 and donor's @entity979 shared the same immunophenotype and HLA type, suggesting the @entity5 is a donor-transmitted @entity979 . This is the first case report of donor-transmitted @entity979 post-organ transplant.

title: Donor transmission of XXXX in a two-yr-old male recipient of a multivisceral transplant: a case report.

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short gut syndrome']

entities_list: @entity979 :: ('MESH:D010871', 'Disease') :: ['pineoblastoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', "recipient's tumor", 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['Primary brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity6675 :: ('MESH:D020139', 'Disease') :: ['gastroschisis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity979 :: (MESH:D010871,Disease) :: ['pineoblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze @entity341 ( @entity341 ) presentations after @entity836 -accelerated detoxification. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort analysis of @entity1 presentations to Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Emergency Department over a six-month period (November 2000 to April 2001). RESULTS: During the six-month study period, 42 @entity1 presented to the @entity341 after @entity836 -accelerated detoxification. This represented 7% of @entity1 treated at a single clinic over the same period. Presentation occurred within 24 hours in 40% of cases and within 48 hours in 74%. Clinical features on presentation included @entity344 ( @entity391 , 60%; @entity490 , 55%; @entity294 , 45%), central nervous system [CNS] symptoms (excessive drowsiness, 55%; @entity2146 requiring sedation, 50%), and respiratory symptoms ( @entity7405 , 33%; respiratory difficulties, 19%). Gastrointestinal symptoms were managed adequately with supportive therapy in most cases (intravenous fluids; antiemetics). Agitation sometimes required large doses of intravenous @entity1245 (up to 730 mg in 44 hours), one-to-one nursing, and security staff. Two of 14 @entity1 presenting with predominantly CNS disturbance required intubation (14%). Mean in-hospital stay for all @entity1 was 18 hours (range 1 to 92 hours). CONCLUSIONS: A few @entity1 undergoing outpatient @entity836 -accelerated detoxification during a six-month period subsequently required @entity341 management. The clinical features encountered in this group of @entity1 can be subdivided into GI or CNS predominance, with different management strategies. Most presentations can be managed in the @entity341 or an associated observation ward, but departmental resources must be available for one-to-one nursing and security personnel. @entity1 presenting with @entity2146 should be sedated with @entity1245 ; large doses may be required. Close monitoring of respiratory function is mandatory, and advanced airway management may be required.

title: Emergency department presentations of XXXX -accelerated detoxification.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity836 :: ('MESH:D009271', 'Chemical') :: ['naltrexone']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms']

entities_list: @entity7405 :: ('MESH:D059246', 'Disease') :: ['tachypnea']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity836 :: (MESH:D009271,Chemical) :: ['naltrexone']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the characteristics of sexual assault in pubertal @entity1 (<18 years old) and adults in a community-based population of @entity1 presenting to an urban @entity458 . METHODS: This case-series analysis evaluated consecutive female @entity1 presenting to a @entity458 during a three-year study period. The clinic is associated with a university-affiliated emergency medicine residency program and is staffed by forensic nurses trained to perform medicolegal examinations using colposcopy with nuclear staining. @entity1 demographics, assault characteristics, and injury patterns were recorded using a standardized classification system. Data from the two @entity1 groups (adolescents vs. @entity1 > or =18 years of age) were analyzed using chi-square test and t-test. RESULTS: A total of 766 cases were identified: 43% of the victims were 13 to 17 years old (mean 15.0 years old), and 57% were older than 17 years old (mean 30.8 years old). Adolescents were more likely to be assaulted by an acquaintance or relative (84% vs. 50%, p < 0.001) and to delay medical evaluation (17 hours vs. 12 hours, p < 0.001) than were older @entity1 . Adolescent sexual assault was less likely to involve weapons or physical coercion (29% versus 57%, p < 0.001) and was associated with fewer @entity130 (33% vs. 55%, p < 0.001). Adolescents had a greater frequency of @entity130 (83% vs. 64%, p < 0.001), however, compared with older @entity1 . Common sites of injury in adolescents were posterior, including the fossa navicularis, hymen, fourchette, and labia minora. The injuries showed consistent topologic features, varying with the site and nature of tissue. Adult victims of sexual assault had a less consistent pattern of @entity130 with fewer @entity130 , greater @entity130 , and widespread erythema. CONCLUSIONS: Of @entity1 presenting to an urban @entity458 , 43% were adolescents. The epidemiology of @entity130 in this age group are unique and may pose special challenges to emergency health care providers.

title: Comparative analysis of adult versus adolescent sexual assault: epidemiology and patterns of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual assault clinic']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['sexual trauma and the pattern of anogenital trauma', 'nongenital injuries', 'anogenital injuries', 'injury to the perianal area', 'hymenal injuries']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['anogenital injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because of the quick development and widespread use of mobile phones, and their vast effect on communication and interactions, it is important to study possible negative health effects of mobile phone exposure. The overall aim of this study was to investigate whether there are associations between psychosocial aspects of mobile phone use and mental health symptoms in a prospective cohort of young adults. METHODS: The study group consisted of young adults 20-24 years old (n = 4156), who responded to a questionnaire at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Mobile phone exposure variables included frequency of use, but also more qualitative variables: demands on availability, perceived stressfulness of accessibility, being awakened at night by the mobile phone, and personal overuse of the mobile phone. Mental health outcomes included current stress, @entity25 , and symptoms of @entity308 . Prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated for cross-sectional and prospective associations between exposure variables and mental health outcomes for @entity1 and @entity1 separately. RESULTS: There were cross-sectional associations between high compared to low mobile phone use and stress, @entity25 , and symptoms of @entity308 for the @entity1 and @entity1 . When excluding respondents reporting mental health symptoms at baseline, high mobile phone use was associated with @entity25 and symptoms of @entity308 for the @entity1 and symptoms of @entity308 for the @entity1 at 1-year follow-up. All qualitative variables had cross-sectional associations with mental health outcomes. In prospective analysis, overuse was associated with stress and @entity25 for @entity1 , and high accessibility stress was associated with stress, @entity25 , and symptoms of @entity308 for both @entity1 and @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: High frequency of mobile phone use at baseline was a risk factor for mental health outcomes at 1-year follow-up among the young adults. The risk for reporting mental health symptoms at follow-up was greatest among those who had perceived accessibility via mobile phones to be stressful. Public health prevention strategies focusing on attitudes could include information and advice, helping young adults to set limits for their own and others' accessibility.

title: Mobile phone use and stress, @entity25 , and symptoms of XXXX among young adults--a prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders', 'sleep disturbances']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because of the quick development and widespread use of mobile phones, and their vast effect on communication and interactions, it is important to study possible negative health effects of mobile phone exposure. The overall aim of this study was to investigate whether there are associations between psychosocial aspects of mobile phone use and mental health symptoms in a prospective cohort of young adults. METHODS: The study group consisted of young adults 20-24 years old (n = 4156), who responded to a questionnaire at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Mobile phone exposure variables included frequency of use, but also more qualitative variables: demands on availability, perceived stressfulness of accessibility, being awakened at night by the mobile phone, and personal overuse of the mobile phone. Mental health outcomes included current stress, @entity25 , and symptoms of @entity308 . Prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated for cross-sectional and prospective associations between exposure variables and mental health outcomes for @entity1 and @entity1 separately. RESULTS: There were cross-sectional associations between high compared to low mobile phone use and stress, @entity25 , and symptoms of @entity308 for the @entity1 and @entity1 . When excluding respondents reporting mental health symptoms at baseline, high mobile phone use was associated with @entity25 and symptoms of @entity308 for the @entity1 and symptoms of @entity308 for the @entity1 at 1-year follow-up. All qualitative variables had cross-sectional associations with mental health outcomes. In prospective analysis, overuse was associated with stress and @entity25 for @entity1 , and high accessibility stress was associated with stress, @entity25 , and symptoms of @entity308 for both @entity1 and @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: High frequency of mobile phone use at baseline was a risk factor for mental health outcomes at 1-year follow-up among the young adults. The risk for reporting mental health symptoms at follow-up was greatest among those who had perceived accessibility via mobile phones to be stressful. Public health prevention strategies focusing on attitudes could include information and advice, helping young adults to set limits for their own and others' accessibility.

title: Mobile phone use and stress, XXXX , and symptoms of @entity308 among young adults--a prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity25 :: (MESH:D012893,Disease) :: ['sleep disturbances']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cyclosporin A (CsA), a potent immunosuppressive agent, can be nephrotoxic. Because clinical studies have suggested that the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system may be involved in the mechanism responsible for CsA nephrotoxicity, we have analysed the effects of CsA on angiotensin II ( @entity15395 ) receptors in medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL) cells known to be sensitive to the action of CsA. METHODS: Experiments were carried out on subcultured @entity19 mTAL cells. The expression of mRNA of @entity15395 subtype 1 and 2 ( @entity1129 (1) and @entity1129 (2)) receptors was investigated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). [(3)H] @entity15395 was used for radioligand and binding studies. Fluorimetric recordings using the fluorescent dye fura-2/AM were performed to determine the effect of CsA on the intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)]i) content of untreated and @entity26549 II-treated mTAL cells. RESULTS: Subcultured mTAL cells expressed @entity1129 (1) and @entity1129 (2) @entity15395 receptor mRNAs, and binding studies revealed that the @entity1129 (1) receptors were the predominant @entity15395 receptor subtype ( approximately 90%) in mTAL cells. CsA (100 ng/ml, 24 h) increased (1.7-fold) the number of @entity15395 receptors (untreated, 315.8; +CsA, 543.6 fmol/mg protein) without altering the K(D) (untreated, 7.16; +CsA, 7.06 nM). CsA also significantly increased the level of [Ca(2+)]i measured in cultured mTAL cells both in the basal state (-CSA, 72.2; +CsA, 93.4 nM/10(6) cells) and in the presence of @entity15395 (-CSA, 97.8; +CsA, 206.3 nM/10(6) cells). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the increase in @entity15395 @entity1129 (1) receptors and [Ca(2+)]i caused by CsA may be involved in the mechanism(s) responsible for CsA nephrotoxicity.

title: Cyclosporin increases the density of angiotensin II subtype 1 (AT1) receptors in XXXX medullary thick ascending limb cells.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study examined associations of @entity410 and @entity1386 with cognitive processes, @entity4207 achievement, and behavior, independent of demographic factors, at the baseline of an exercise trial. METHODS: Overweight, sedentary but otherwise healthy 7-11 year olds (N=170) participated in a study of health, cognition and achievement in the Augusta, GA area from 2003-2006. @entity1 underwent evaluations of @entity1386 and @entity410 , psychological assessments of cognition and @entity4207 achievement, and behavior ratings by parents and teachers. Partial correlations examined associations of @entity410 and @entity1386 with cognitive and achievement scores and behavior ratings, controlling for demographic factors. RESULTS: Fitness was associated with better cognition, achievement and behavior, and @entity1386 with worse scores. Specifically, executive function, mathematics and reading achievement, and parent ratings of @entity1 behavior were related to @entity410 and @entity1386 . Teacher ratings were related to @entity410 . CONCLUSION: These results extend prior studies by providing reliable, standardized measures of cognitive processes, achievement, and behavior in relation to detailed measures of @entity410 and @entity1386 . However, cross-sectional associations do not necessarily indicate that improving one factor, such as @entity1386 or @entity410 , will result in improvements in factors that were associated with it. Thus, randomized clinical trials are necessary to determine the effects of interventions.

title: Fitness, @entity1386 , cognition, behavior, and XXXX achievement among overweight @entity1 : do cross-sectional associations correspond to exercise trial outcomes?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children', 'child']

answer: @entity4207 :: (MESH:D007859,Disease) :: ['academic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study examined associations of @entity410 and @entity1386 with cognitive processes, @entity4207 achievement, and behavior, independent of demographic factors, at the baseline of an exercise trial. METHODS: Overweight, sedentary but otherwise healthy 7-11 year olds (N=170) participated in a study of health, cognition and achievement in the Augusta, GA area from 2003-2006. @entity1 underwent evaluations of @entity1386 and @entity410 , psychological assessments of cognition and @entity4207 achievement, and behavior ratings by parents and teachers. Partial correlations examined associations of @entity410 and @entity1386 with cognitive and achievement scores and behavior ratings, controlling for demographic factors. RESULTS: Fitness was associated with better cognition, achievement and behavior, and @entity1386 with worse scores. Specifically, executive function, mathematics and reading achievement, and parent ratings of @entity1 behavior were related to @entity410 and @entity1386 . Teacher ratings were related to @entity410 . CONCLUSION: These results extend prior studies by providing reliable, standardized measures of cognitive processes, achievement, and behavior in relation to detailed measures of @entity410 and @entity1386 . However, cross-sectional associations do not necessarily indicate that improving one factor, such as @entity1386 or @entity410 , will result in improvements in factors that were associated with it. Thus, randomized clinical trials are necessary to determine the effects of interventions.

title: Fitness, XXXX , cognition, behavior, and @entity4207 achievement among overweight @entity1 : do cross-sectional associations correspond to exercise trial outcomes?

answer: @entity1386 :: (MESH:D018205,Disease) :: ['fatness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study examined associations of @entity410 and @entity1386 with cognitive processes, @entity4207 achievement, and behavior, independent of demographic factors, at the baseline of an exercise trial. METHODS: Overweight, sedentary but otherwise healthy 7-11 year olds (N=170) participated in a study of health, cognition and achievement in the Augusta, GA area from 2003-2006. @entity1 underwent evaluations of @entity1386 and @entity410 , psychological assessments of cognition and @entity4207 achievement, and behavior ratings by parents and teachers. Partial correlations examined associations of @entity410 and @entity1386 with cognitive and achievement scores and behavior ratings, controlling for demographic factors. RESULTS: Fitness was associated with better cognition, achievement and behavior, and @entity1386 with worse scores. Specifically, executive function, mathematics and reading achievement, and parent ratings of @entity1 behavior were related to @entity410 and @entity1386 . Teacher ratings were related to @entity410 . CONCLUSION: These results extend prior studies by providing reliable, standardized measures of cognitive processes, achievement, and behavior in relation to detailed measures of @entity410 and @entity1386 . However, cross-sectional associations do not necessarily indicate that improving one factor, such as @entity1386 or @entity410 , will result in improvements in factors that were associated with it. Thus, randomized clinical trials are necessary to determine the effects of interventions.

title: Fitness, @entity1386 , cognition, behavior, and @entity4207 achievement among overweight XXXX : do cross-sectional associations correspond to exercise trial outcomes?

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe results of treating @entity241 of the head and neck with a Mohs surgical technique in which @entity5 margins were evaluated with inverted horizontal paraffin sections to identify the margin of resection necessary to achieve @entity5 -free borders. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case study of nine @entity1 . METHODS: In each case, Mohs surgery using inverted horizontal frozen-section analysis was continued until @entity5 -free margins were achieved. The @entity5 -free specimens collected during this procedure were immediately reprocessed by using inverted horizontal paraffin sectioning, and the histological results of the two techniques were compared. To identify the margins of resection needed to achieve @entity5 -free margins, preoperative lesion size was compared with postoperative defect size. RESULTS: Paraffin section analysis showed persistent @entity5 in seven of the nine @entity1 in whom the frozen-section technique was used to clear the @entity5 . @entity5 -free margins were achieved in all @entity1 by using one additional excision. The @entity5 had spread extensively beyond clinical margins and required a mean minimum margin of 3.7 cm around the gross area of @entity5 (margin range, 2.5-6.0 cm). @entity1 treated by this technique showed no local, regional, or distant recurrence at follow-up performed at a mean time of 43 months postoperatively (range, 19-74 mo). CONCLUSIONS: @entity241 of the head and neck is a @entity5 that shows extensive infiltration beyond gross margins. Wide local excision with 2- to 3-cm margins results in an unacceptably high recurrence rate; larger excisional margins are necessary to remove all disease. Accurate margin identification achieved by using Mohs surgery with rush paraffin section analysis results in @entity5 removal and excellent control rates. This method should be preferred for treatment of @entity241 of the head and neck.

title: XXXX of the head and neck: treatment with Mohs surgery using inverted horizontal paraffin sections.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'complete tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity241 :: ('MESH:D018223', 'Disease') :: ['Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans', 'dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans']

answer: @entity241 :: (MESH:D018223,Disease) :: ['Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical data and possible prognostic factors of @entity1 with @entity189 of the parotid gland. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was made of 85 @entity1 with suspected @entity5 who were admitted to the Center of Head and Neck Oncology at Odense University Hospital (Odense, Denmark) from 1975 to 1994. METHODS: @entity1 records were retrospectively reviewed and tabulated for relevant clinical parameters. A complete revision of histological examination was performed by the same pathologist and the @entity5 were classified according to the 1991 international guidelines from the World Health Organization. @entity5 (6%) did not fulfill the criteria of @entity5 and were reclassified as benign. In another five cases the assumed primary @entity189 were found to be metastatic disease from @entity5 of the breast, prostate, skin, and lungs. Ten @entity1 (12%) were excluded from the analysis, leaving 75 individuals for the study. RESULTS: Twenty-four percent of @entity1 were classified as T1, 32% as T2, 15% as T3, and 28% as T4. One @entity1 (1%) was not classifiable (TX). Regional lymph node @entity3 were found in 17 cases (23%). Two of these were classified as N1 (3%), 2 as N2A (3%) and 13 as N2B (17%). Four @entity1 were registered as not classifiable (NX) (5%). No @entity1 were classified as N3. Distant @entity3 were found in four @entity1 (5%) (one @entity1 had bone and liver @entity3 and three @entity1 had lung @entity3 ). Five-year recurrence-free survival of the entire study group was 63%, disease-specific survival was 69%, and crude survival was 52%. In univariate analysis, @entity5 size, histological appearance, T status, stage, the presence of lymph node @entity3 , distant @entity3 , @entity158 had a significant influence on survival. CONCLUSIONS: A thorough histological revision is pivotal in retrospective @entity189 studies, and @entity5 size; histological appearance; T, N, and M status; stage; @entity2103 ; and @entity158 from the face and/or neck seem to be significant prognostic indicators for @entity1 with primary @entity189 .

title: XXXX : impact of clinical factors on prognosis in a histologically revised series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'parotid cancer', 'Five tumors', 'cancers', 'malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['parotid carcinoma', 'primary carcinoma', 'parotid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain, and facial nerve dysfunction', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Parotid carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe a new surgical technique in which @entity7462 is diverted from the anterior chamber to the suprachoroidal space for the augmentation of uveoscleral outflow in the management of @entity726 . METHODS: Four @entity3856 of four consecutive @entity1 were included in the study. Mean age of @entity1 was 54.7+/- 9.2 years. Preoperative diagnosis was @entity2297 complicating @entity6 in three cases and chronic @entity2747 in one case. Mean preoperative intraocular pressure of the @entity1 receiving two medications was 58.5 +/- 9.2 mm Hg. A modified Krupin eye valve with disk was implanted into the suprachoroidal space. The anterior tube part of the Seton device was placed into the anterior chamber through the long scleral tunnel for draining the @entity7462 from the anterior chamber to the suprachoroidal space. RESULTS: The placement of modified Krupin eye valve with disk to the suprachoroidal space was achieved in all cases. While mean preoperative intraocular pressure was 58.5 +/- 9.2 mm Hg, it was 14.2 +/- 4.7 mm Hg at postoperative one week. It was 13.5 +/- 4.6 mm Hg and 15 +/- 4.9 mm Hg at one and three months respectively. At the last follow-up visit, mean intraocular pressure was 17.25 +/- 5.37 mm Hg ranging from 12 to 24 mm Hg. @entity1713 was developed in one case and regressed in six weeks. Rubeosis irides regressed at third month in three cases. None of the eyes developed @entity548 , @entity1713 , or phthisis bulbi. CONCLUSION: The drainage of @entity7462 from the anterior chamber to the suprachoroidal space with the implantation of the @entity726 Seton device is effective in lowering intraocular pressure in @entity726 .

title: XXXX : a novel surgical technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['suprachoroidal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['Choroidal detachment', 'retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma', 'refractory glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity7462 :: ('MESH:C562390', 'Disease') :: ['aqueous humor']

entities_list: @entity3856 :: ('MESH:D058447', 'Disease') :: ['painful-blind eyes']

entities_list: @entity2747 :: ('MESH:D015812', 'Disease') :: ['angle-closure glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2297 :: ('MESH:D015355', 'Disease') :: ['neovascular glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Suprachoroidal seton implantation in refractory glaucoma']


abstract: Cartilage tissue engineering aims to replace damaged or diseased tissue with a functional regenerate that restores joint function. Scaffolds are used to deliver cells and facilitate tissue development, but they can also interfere with the structural assembly of the cartilage matrix. Biodegradable scaffolds have been proposed as a means to improve matrix deposition and the biomechanical properties of neocartilage. The challenge is designing scaffolds with appropriate degradation rates, ideally such that scaffold degradation is proportional to matrix deposition. In this study, we developed a bioresponsive hydrogel with cell-mediated degradation aligned to the chondrogenic differentiation of @entity1 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We identified @entity1917 ( @entity1917 ) as an enzyme with a temporal expression pattern that corresponded with cartilage development. By embedding @entity1917 peptide substrates within a @entity7028 backbone, we built @entity1917 -sensitive hydrogels with distinct degradation rates. When @entity1917 -sensitive scaffolds were compared with nondegradable scaffolds in vitro, photoencapsulated hMSCs produced neocartilage constructs with more extensive collagenous matrices, as demonstrated through immunohistochemistry and biochemical quantification of matrix molecules. Furthermore, these changes translated into an increased dynamic compressive modulus. This work presents a practical strategy for designing biomaterials uniquely tuned to individual biological processes.

title: A bioresponsive hydrogel tuned to chondrogenesis of XXXX mesenchymal stem cells.

entities_list: @entity7028 :: ('MESH:C437167', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate']

entities_list: @entity1917 :: ('4316', 'Gene') :: ['MMP7', 'matrix metalloproteinase 7']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']