abstract: @entity6656 is a @entity364 endemic to the southwestern United States that typically causes a self-limited @entity358 . Extrapulmonary dissemination is extremely rare and typically localized to the skin, bone, and meninges. The gastrointestinal system has generally been thought to be spared from this disease. This report describes a @entity1 who was initially diagnosed with @entity358 with @entity272 . Ten months after completion of treatment, he presented with nonspecific @entity490 and diffuse musculoskeletal and constitutional symptoms. Radiographic imaging revealed near resolution of previously noted thoracic findings but new peritoneal thickening and enhancement suggestive of @entity298 . Laparoscopic biopsies confirmed @entity8662 by culture and histology without evidence of other abnormalities. This case is unique for several reasons. It is one of a relatively small number of cases that describes a diagnosis of peritoneal @entity6656 and the first case identified in which a healthy @entity1 developed extensive @entity6378 in spite of near-complete resolution of pulmonary and skin manifestations after appropriate treatment. This case underscores the complexity of this disease and motivates more investigation into pathophysiology and treatment considerations of @entity6656 in the gastrointestinal system. We will review the risk factors associated with dissemination, the interpretation of serologies, the characteristics of @entity1 with peritoneal involvement, and finally, the current treatment guidelines.

title: Peritoneal XXXX : a Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature.

entities_list: @entity6378 :: ('MESH:D010532', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal disease']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary illness', 'pulmonary coccidioidomycosis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinal lymphadenopathy and skin dissemination']

entities_list: @entity6656 :: ('MESH:D003047', 'Disease') :: ['coccidioidomycosis', 'Coccidioidomycosis']

entities_list: @entity8662 :: ('5501', 'Species') :: ['Coccidioides immitis']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal carcinomatosis']

answer: @entity6656 :: (MESH:D003047,Disease) :: ['Coccidioidomycosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: @entity72 ( @entity72 ) are a group of @entity717 in childhood and adolescence. Beside genetic predisposition also environmental influences may contribute to the @entity2438 pathogenesis. Family members of @entity1 and adolescents with @entity2438 often ask for specific diets to alleviate @entity2438 -associated symptoms. The aim of this review is to provide evidence-based data on nutritional interventions for @entity1 and adolescents with @entity2438 , thus enabling practitioners to competently assess these diets. Methods: Applying defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a systematic literature research in PubMed, Cinahl and The Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies published earlier than 1999 were excluded. Study quality was assessed by using the CONSORT, STROBE or PRISMA checklist, respectively. Results: 12 randomised controlled studies and 2 non-controlled studies could be included in the evaluation (n=971). There is no proven efficacy of the widely used gluten-free casein-free diets (GFCF), and no respective predictive marker has been proven significant. Conclusion: Based on available data, no evidence based recommendations regarding nutritional interventions for @entity1 and adolescents with @entity72 can be made. Future studies need to clarify whether particular @entity1 may yet benefit from certain diets.

title: [Nutritional Therapy for XXXX and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders: What is the Evidence?]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['developmental disabilities']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASDs', 'Autism spectrum disorders', 'autism spectrum disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: @entity788 ( @entity788 ) were considered an extremely rare disease. However, in recent years, the number of @entity1 with @entity6196 has increased rapidly. According to an epidemiological survey conducted in Japan, the number of treated @entity1 with @entity788 in 2010 was approximately 1.2-times that in 2005, and the number of new incidences of non-functional @entity788 in 2010 was approximately 1.7-times that in 2005. Among functional @entity788 , @entity9608 was most prevalent, followed by @entity7581 . To diagnose @entity788 , correct histological diagnosis is most important. According to the World Health Organization 2010 classification criteria, @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are categorized into well-differentiated @entity5 and poorly differentiated @entity3270 ( @entity3270 ). @entity3270 accounted for 7.6% of all @entity5 , and functional and non-functional @entity788 accounted for 2.1% and 10.1%, respectively. @entity1 with distant @entity3 accounted for 19.9%, and those with @entity7582 accounted for 4.3%. When treating @entity788 , it is necessary to correctly evaluate the functionality and progression of @entity5 , the presence or absence of @entity3 , and the degrees of differentiation and malignant potential of @entity5 . A new registration system from the Japan @entity5 Society will start to be used in 2015, which will help further dissemination of Japanese epidemiological information to the world.

title: The up-to-date review of epidemiological pancreatic XXXX in Japan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors', 'PNETs']

entities_list: @entity7582 :: ('MESH:D018761', 'Disease') :: ['multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1']

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['insulinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine tumors', 'Neuroendocrine Tumor', 'NETs', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['NECs', 'neuroendocrine carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity7581 :: ('MESH:D015408', 'Disease') :: ['gastrinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['neuroendocrine tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3785 (SA) is a key hormone that mediates gene transcriptional reprogramming in the context of the defense response to stress. GRXC9, coding for a CC-type @entity71522 from @entity958 , is an SA-responsive gene induced early and transiently by an @entity14349 -independent pathway. Here, we address the mechanism involved in this SA-dependent pathway, using GRXC9 as a model gene. We first established that GRXC9 expression is induced by UVB exposure through this pathway, validating its activation in a physiological stress condition. GRXC9 promoter analyses indicate that SA controls gene transcription through two activating sequence-1 (as-1)-like elements located in its proximal region. @entity71523 and @entity71524 , but not @entity71525 , are constitutively bound to this promoter region. Accordingly, the transient recruitment of RNA polymerase II to the GRXC9 promoter, as well as the transient accumulation of gene transcripts detected in SA-treated WT plants, was abolished in a knockout mutant for the TGA class II factors. We conclude that constitutive binding of @entity71523 is essential for controlling GRXC9 expression, while binding of @entity71524 in a lesser extent contributes to this regulation. Finally, overexpression of GRXC9 indicates that the GRXC9 protein negatively controls its own gene expression, forming part of the complex bound to the as-1-containing promoter region. These findings are integrated in a model that explains how SA controls transcription of GRXC9 in the context of the defense response to stress.

title: Transcriptional Control of @entity71522 GRXC9 Expression by a XXXX -Dependent and @entity14349 -Independent Pathway in @entity958 .

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['Salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

answer: @entity3785 :: (MESH:D020156,Chemical) :: ['Salicylic Acid']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3785 (SA) is a key hormone that mediates gene transcriptional reprogramming in the context of the defense response to stress. GRXC9, coding for a CC-type @entity71522 from @entity958 , is an SA-responsive gene induced early and transiently by an @entity14349 -independent pathway. Here, we address the mechanism involved in this SA-dependent pathway, using GRXC9 as a model gene. We first established that GRXC9 expression is induced by UVB exposure through this pathway, validating its activation in a physiological stress condition. GRXC9 promoter analyses indicate that SA controls gene transcription through two activating sequence-1 (as-1)-like elements located in its proximal region. @entity71523 and @entity71524 , but not @entity71525 , are constitutively bound to this promoter region. Accordingly, the transient recruitment of RNA polymerase II to the GRXC9 promoter, as well as the transient accumulation of gene transcripts detected in SA-treated WT plants, was abolished in a knockout mutant for the TGA class II factors. We conclude that constitutive binding of @entity71523 is essential for controlling GRXC9 expression, while binding of @entity71524 in a lesser extent contributes to this regulation. Finally, overexpression of GRXC9 indicates that the GRXC9 protein negatively controls its own gene expression, forming part of the complex bound to the as-1-containing promoter region. These findings are integrated in a model that explains how SA controls transcription of GRXC9 in the context of the defense response to stress.

title: Transcriptional Control of XXXX GRXC9 Expression by a @entity3785 -Dependent and @entity14349 -Independent Pathway in @entity958 .

answer: @entity71522 :: (824655(Tax:3702),Gene) :: ['Glutaredoxin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3785 (SA) is a key hormone that mediates gene transcriptional reprogramming in the context of the defense response to stress. GRXC9, coding for a CC-type @entity71522 from @entity958 , is an SA-responsive gene induced early and transiently by an @entity14349 -independent pathway. Here, we address the mechanism involved in this SA-dependent pathway, using GRXC9 as a model gene. We first established that GRXC9 expression is induced by UVB exposure through this pathway, validating its activation in a physiological stress condition. GRXC9 promoter analyses indicate that SA controls gene transcription through two activating sequence-1 (as-1)-like elements located in its proximal region. @entity71523 and @entity71524 , but not @entity71525 , are constitutively bound to this promoter region. Accordingly, the transient recruitment of RNA polymerase II to the GRXC9 promoter, as well as the transient accumulation of gene transcripts detected in SA-treated WT plants, was abolished in a knockout mutant for the TGA class II factors. We conclude that constitutive binding of @entity71523 is essential for controlling GRXC9 expression, while binding of @entity71524 in a lesser extent contributes to this regulation. Finally, overexpression of GRXC9 indicates that the GRXC9 protein negatively controls its own gene expression, forming part of the complex bound to the as-1-containing promoter region. These findings are integrated in a model that explains how SA controls transcription of GRXC9 in the context of the defense response to stress.

title: Transcriptional Control of @entity71522 GRXC9 Expression by a @entity3785 -Dependent and XXXX -Independent Pathway in @entity958 .

answer: @entity14349 :: (842733(Tax:3702),Gene) :: ['NPR1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3785 (SA) is a key hormone that mediates gene transcriptional reprogramming in the context of the defense response to stress. GRXC9, coding for a CC-type @entity71522 from @entity958 , is an SA-responsive gene induced early and transiently by an @entity14349 -independent pathway. Here, we address the mechanism involved in this SA-dependent pathway, using GRXC9 as a model gene. We first established that GRXC9 expression is induced by UVB exposure through this pathway, validating its activation in a physiological stress condition. GRXC9 promoter analyses indicate that SA controls gene transcription through two activating sequence-1 (as-1)-like elements located in its proximal region. @entity71523 and @entity71524 , but not @entity71525 , are constitutively bound to this promoter region. Accordingly, the transient recruitment of RNA polymerase II to the GRXC9 promoter, as well as the transient accumulation of gene transcripts detected in SA-treated WT plants, was abolished in a knockout mutant for the TGA class II factors. We conclude that constitutive binding of @entity71523 is essential for controlling GRXC9 expression, while binding of @entity71524 in a lesser extent contributes to this regulation. Finally, overexpression of GRXC9 indicates that the GRXC9 protein negatively controls its own gene expression, forming part of the complex bound to the as-1-containing promoter region. These findings are integrated in a model that explains how SA controls transcription of GRXC9 in the context of the defense response to stress.

title: Transcriptional Control of @entity71522 GRXC9 Expression by a @entity3785 -Dependent and @entity14349 -Independent Pathway in XXXX .

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: Background and Objective. @entity6288 is associated with decreased survival and increased complications in @entity189 @entity1 . We hypothesized that sarcopenic soft-tissue @entity242 (STS) @entity1 would have decreased survival, increased incidence of wound complications, and increased length of postresection hospital stay (LOS). Methods. A retrospective, single-center review of 137 @entity1 treated surgically for STS was conducted. @entity6288 was assessed by measuring the cross-sectional area of bilateral psoas muscles (total psoas muscle area, TPA) at the level of the third lumbar vertebrae on a pretreatment axial computed tomography scan. TPA was then adjusted for height (cm(2)/m(2)). The association between height-adjusted TPA and survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazard model. A logistical model was used to assess the association between height-adjusted TPA and wound complications. A linear model was used to assess the association between height-adjusted TPA and LOS. Results. Height-adjusted TPA was not an independent predictor of overall survival (p = 0.746). @entity1 age (p = 0.02) and @entity5 size (p = 0.009) and grade (p = 0.001) were independent predictors of overall survival. Height-adjusted TPA was not a predictor of increased hospital LOS (p = 0.66), greater incidence of @entity86 (p = 0.56), or other wound complications (p = 0.14). Conclusions. @entity6288 does not appear to impact overall survival, LOS, or wound complications in @entity1 with STS.

title: @entity6288 Does Not Affect Survival or Outcomes in Soft-Tissue XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['Sarcopenia']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infection']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['Sarcoma']


abstract: Background and Objective. @entity6288 is associated with decreased survival and increased complications in @entity189 @entity1 . We hypothesized that sarcopenic soft-tissue @entity242 (STS) @entity1 would have decreased survival, increased incidence of wound complications, and increased length of postresection hospital stay (LOS). Methods. A retrospective, single-center review of 137 @entity1 treated surgically for STS was conducted. @entity6288 was assessed by measuring the cross-sectional area of bilateral psoas muscles (total psoas muscle area, TPA) at the level of the third lumbar vertebrae on a pretreatment axial computed tomography scan. TPA was then adjusted for height (cm(2)/m(2)). The association between height-adjusted TPA and survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazard model. A logistical model was used to assess the association between height-adjusted TPA and wound complications. A linear model was used to assess the association between height-adjusted TPA and LOS. Results. Height-adjusted TPA was not an independent predictor of overall survival (p = 0.746). @entity1 age (p = 0.02) and @entity5 size (p = 0.009) and grade (p = 0.001) were independent predictors of overall survival. Height-adjusted TPA was not a predictor of increased hospital LOS (p = 0.66), greater incidence of @entity86 (p = 0.56), or other wound complications (p = 0.14). Conclusions. @entity6288 does not appear to impact overall survival, LOS, or wound complications in @entity1 with STS.

title: XXXX Does Not Affect Survival or Outcomes in Soft-Tissue @entity242 .

answer: @entity6288 :: (MESH:D055948,Disease) :: ['Sarcopenia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to determine whether autophagy and @entity21060 contribute to premature senescence in auditory cells. Incubating HEI-OC1 auditory cells with 5 mM @entity274 for 1 h induced senescence, as demonstrated by senescence-associated b-galactosidase (SA-b-gal) staining. @entity274 treatment significantly delayed population-doubling time, leaving cell viability unchanged. Furthermore, the proportion of SA-b-gal-positive cells significantly increased. Autophagy-related protein expression increased, with @entity10615 and LC3-II peaking 6 h and @entity3607 peaking 24 h after @entity274 treatment. The expression of these proteins decreased 48 h after treatment. Transmission electron microscopy revealed lipofuscin and aggregates within autolysosomes, which accumulated markedly in the cytoplasm of HEI-OC1 cells 48 h after treatment. Akt and P70S6 phosphorylation markedly decreased after @entity274 treatment, but @entity5291 phosphorylation significantly increased 48 h after treatment. After RNAi-mediated knockdown (KD) of @entity10615 and @entity21060 , @entity274 -treated cells displayed dense SA-b-gal staining. Also, premature senescence was significantly induced. These suggest that a negative feedback loop may exist between autophagy and @entity21060 signaling pathways in HEI-OC1 cells. In our model, oxidative stress-induced premature senescence occurred due to impaired autophagy function through @entity5291 phosphorylation. Our results also indicate that @entity21060 may regulate premature senescence in auditory cells in an autophagy-dependent and independent manner.

title: Autophagy through XXXX and @entity21060 regulates oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in auditory cells.

answer: @entity5291 :: (1978,Gene) :: ['4EBP1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to determine whether autophagy and @entity21060 contribute to premature senescence in auditory cells. Incubating HEI-OC1 auditory cells with 5 mM @entity274 for 1 h induced senescence, as demonstrated by senescence-associated b-galactosidase (SA-b-gal) staining. @entity274 treatment significantly delayed population-doubling time, leaving cell viability unchanged. Furthermore, the proportion of SA-b-gal-positive cells significantly increased. Autophagy-related protein expression increased, with @entity10615 and LC3-II peaking 6 h and @entity3607 peaking 24 h after @entity274 treatment. The expression of these proteins decreased 48 h after treatment. Transmission electron microscopy revealed lipofuscin and aggregates within autolysosomes, which accumulated markedly in the cytoplasm of HEI-OC1 cells 48 h after treatment. Akt and P70S6 phosphorylation markedly decreased after @entity274 treatment, but @entity5291 phosphorylation significantly increased 48 h after treatment. After RNAi-mediated knockdown (KD) of @entity10615 and @entity21060 , @entity274 -treated cells displayed dense SA-b-gal staining. Also, premature senescence was significantly induced. These suggest that a negative feedback loop may exist between autophagy and @entity21060 signaling pathways in HEI-OC1 cells. In our model, oxidative stress-induced premature senescence occurred due to impaired autophagy function through @entity5291 phosphorylation. Our results also indicate that @entity21060 may regulate premature senescence in auditory cells in an autophagy-dependent and independent manner.

title: Autophagy through @entity5291 and XXXX regulates oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in auditory cells.

answer: @entity21060 :: (5562,Gene) :: ['AMPK']


abstract: AIM: To discuss current dosage for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in @entity157 ( @entity157 ) @entity1 and suggest alternative treatment strategies according to @entity409 as defined by the Couinaud classification. BACKGROUND: SBRT is a safe and effective alternative treatment for @entity157 @entity1 who are unable to undergo liver ablation/resection. However, the SBRT fractionation schemes and treatment planning strategies are not well established. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this article, the latest developments and key findings from research studies exploring the efficacy of SBRT fractionation schemes for treatment of @entity157 are reviewed. @entity1 ' characteristics, fractionation schemes, treatment outcomes and @entity137 were compiled. Special attention was focused on SBRT fractionation approaches that take into consideration @entity409 according to the Couinaud classification and functional hepatic reserve based on @entity1 -Pugh (CP) liver @entity82 classification. RESULTS: The most common SBRT fractionation schemes for @entity157 were 3  *  10-20  Gy, 4-6  *  8-10  Gy, and 10  *  5-5.5  Gy. Based on previous SBRT studies, and in consideration of @entity5 size and CP classification, we proposed 3  *  15-25  Gy for @entity1 with @entity5 size <3  cm and adequate liver reserve (CP-A score 5), 5  *  10-12  Gy for @entity1 with @entity5 sizes between 3 and 5  cm or inadequate liver reserve (CP-A score 6), and 10  *  5-5.5  Gy for @entity1 with @entity5 size >5  cm or @entity16679 score. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment schemes in SBRT for @entity157 vary according to @entity409 . Further prospective studies may be necessary to identify the optimal dose of SBRT for @entity157 .

title: Stereotactic body radiation therapy in @entity157 : Optimal treatment strategies based on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver segmentation and functional hepatic reserve', 'liver segmentation']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver segmentation and functional hepatic reserve']


abstract: AIM: To discuss current dosage for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in @entity157 ( @entity157 ) @entity1 and suggest alternative treatment strategies according to @entity409 as defined by the Couinaud classification. BACKGROUND: SBRT is a safe and effective alternative treatment for @entity157 @entity1 who are unable to undergo liver ablation/resection. However, the SBRT fractionation schemes and treatment planning strategies are not well established. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this article, the latest developments and key findings from research studies exploring the efficacy of SBRT fractionation schemes for treatment of @entity157 are reviewed. @entity1 ' characteristics, fractionation schemes, treatment outcomes and @entity137 were compiled. Special attention was focused on SBRT fractionation approaches that take into consideration @entity409 according to the Couinaud classification and functional hepatic reserve based on @entity1 -Pugh (CP) liver @entity82 classification. RESULTS: The most common SBRT fractionation schemes for @entity157 were 3  *  10-20  Gy, 4-6  *  8-10  Gy, and 10  *  5-5.5  Gy. Based on previous SBRT studies, and in consideration of @entity5 size and CP classification, we proposed 3  *  15-25  Gy for @entity1 with @entity5 size <3  cm and adequate liver reserve (CP-A score 5), 5  *  10-12  Gy for @entity1 with @entity5 sizes between 3 and 5  cm or inadequate liver reserve (CP-A score 6), and 10  *  5-5.5  Gy for @entity1 with @entity5 size >5  cm or @entity16679 score. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment schemes in SBRT for @entity157 vary according to @entity409 . Further prospective studies may be necessary to identify the optimal dose of SBRT for @entity157 .

title: Stereotactic body radiation therapy in XXXX : Optimal treatment strategies based on @entity409 .

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: Until now, treatment of primary @entity5506 of the warm type (wAIHA) is primarily based on immunosuppression. However, many @entity1 do not respond adequately to treatment, and treated @entity1 may develop severe side effects due to uncontrolled, mixed and/or long-lasting immunosuppression. Unfortunately, the newly used therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are unspecific and remain frequently ineffective. Thus, development of a specific therapy for AIHA is necessary. The ideal therapy would be the identification and elimination of the causative origin of autoimmunization and/or the correction or reprogramming of the dysregulated immune components. Blood transfusion is the most rapidly effective measure for @entity1 who develop or may develop @entity417 . Although some effort has been made to guide physicians on how to adequately treat @entity1 with AIHA, a number of individual aspects should be considered prior to treatment. Based on my serological and clinical experience and the analysis of evidence-based studies, we remain far from any optimized therapeutic measures for all AIHA @entity1 . Today, the old standard therapy using controlled @entity479 administration, with or without @entity500 or @entity786 , is, when complemented with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, still the most effective therapy in wAIHA. Rituximab or other monoclonal antibodies may be used instead of splenectomy in therapy-refractory @entity1 .

title: Treatment Options for Primary XXXX : A Short Comprehensive Review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic anemia']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity5506 :: ('MESH:D000744', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune hemolytic anemia']

answer: @entity5506 :: (MESH:D000744,Disease) :: ['Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity378 is the most common @entity66 in the world. The cutaneous form is rare in low endemic countries. The occurrence of several @entity17096 cases in our dermatology department during 2011-2012 led us to investigate whether there was a resurgence of @entity17096 in France. The aim was to analyse changes in @entity17096 and the related clinical, microbiological and therapeutic data. @entity1 AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study in our hospital between 2005 and 2012 by querying the PMSI database (code: A 18.4). Epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic data were collected. @entity20855 was regarded as a variety of @entity17096 . RESULTS: Thirteen @entity1 presented @entity17096 between 2005 and 2012. The most frequent clinical forms were @entity20855 of Bazin (n=6) and @entity17096 (n=3). Microbiological evidence was provided in only 4 cases. DISCUSSION: Diagnosis is difficult due to the varied clinical forms and to the relatively high frequency of paucibacillary forms. Further, the set of additional examinations is non-specific. In some cases, it is only therapeutic tests that allow diagnosis to be made. The place of new diagnostic tools must be clarified and a universally acceptable definition of @entity20855 devised.

title: [Cutaneous XXXX and @entity20855 : A retrospective study of 13 cases in France.]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mycobacterial disease']

entities_list: @entity20855 :: ('MESH:D004891', 'Disease') :: ['Erythema induratum', 'erythema induratum']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity17096 :: ('MESH:D014382', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous tuberculosis', 'scrofuloderma']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity378 is the most common @entity66 in the world. The cutaneous form is rare in low endemic countries. The occurrence of several @entity17096 cases in our dermatology department during 2011-2012 led us to investigate whether there was a resurgence of @entity17096 in France. The aim was to analyse changes in @entity17096 and the related clinical, microbiological and therapeutic data. @entity1 AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study in our hospital between 2005 and 2012 by querying the PMSI database (code: A 18.4). Epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic data were collected. @entity20855 was regarded as a variety of @entity17096 . RESULTS: Thirteen @entity1 presented @entity17096 between 2005 and 2012. The most frequent clinical forms were @entity20855 of Bazin (n=6) and @entity17096 (n=3). Microbiological evidence was provided in only 4 cases. DISCUSSION: Diagnosis is difficult due to the varied clinical forms and to the relatively high frequency of paucibacillary forms. Further, the set of additional examinations is non-specific. In some cases, it is only therapeutic tests that allow diagnosis to be made. The place of new diagnostic tools must be clarified and a universally acceptable definition of @entity20855 devised.

title: [Cutaneous @entity378 and XXXX : A retrospective study of 13 cases in France.]

answer: @entity20855 :: (MESH:D004891,Disease) :: ['erythema induratum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6459 (CD105) is a cytokine that modulates angiogenesis by regulating different cellular functions, including endothelial proliferation, differentiation, migration and formation of microvessels. CD105 is expressed strongly in the @entity5 vasculature, and intratumoral microvessel density (IMVD), as determined by the use of antibodies to CD105, it has been found to be an important prognostic indicator for outcome in various malignances. This study aims to determine if the clinical outcome of @entity1 with @entity521 is correlated with IMVD, as determined by CD105 staining and other prognostic factors. PROCEDURE: Tumor tissue specimens from 38 @entity1 with peripheral @entity5 who underwent surgical resection or biopsy of their @entity5 without any preoperative therapy were retrospectively reviewed. IMVD was identified immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies against CD105. Prognostic factors, such as the @entity4180 oncogene, disease stage, histopathology and age, were correlated with outcome. RESULTS: Among 38 examined specimens, the median IMVD value was 23.2 (15.1-28.4). The IMVD identified by CD105 was significantly higher in @entity1 with unfavorable histology, @entity3 , @entity4180 amplification and COG high risk group. ROC analysis was used to find significant IMVD level regarding EFS. The cut-off >18 was selected according to the greatest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (68.42%). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis demonstrated that @entity4180 amplification and IMVD were significant prognostic factors in predicting EFS (hazard ratio for @entity4180 amplification: 3.61; 95% CI: 1.20-10.90; P   =   0.023 and for IMVD: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09; P   =   0.037). CONCLUSION: IMVD determined by CD105 appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for @entity521 . Pediatr @entity5    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: XXXX (CD 105) as a potential prognostic factor in @entity521 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neuroblastic tumors', 'Blood Cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity6459 :: (2022,Gene) :: ['Endoglin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6459 (CD105) is a cytokine that modulates angiogenesis by regulating different cellular functions, including endothelial proliferation, differentiation, migration and formation of microvessels. CD105 is expressed strongly in the @entity5 vasculature, and intratumoral microvessel density (IMVD), as determined by the use of antibodies to CD105, it has been found to be an important prognostic indicator for outcome in various malignances. This study aims to determine if the clinical outcome of @entity1 with @entity521 is correlated with IMVD, as determined by CD105 staining and other prognostic factors. PROCEDURE: Tumor tissue specimens from 38 @entity1 with peripheral @entity5 who underwent surgical resection or biopsy of their @entity5 without any preoperative therapy were retrospectively reviewed. IMVD was identified immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies against CD105. Prognostic factors, such as the @entity4180 oncogene, disease stage, histopathology and age, were correlated with outcome. RESULTS: Among 38 examined specimens, the median IMVD value was 23.2 (15.1-28.4). The IMVD identified by CD105 was significantly higher in @entity1 with unfavorable histology, @entity3 , @entity4180 amplification and COG high risk group. ROC analysis was used to find significant IMVD level regarding EFS. The cut-off >18 was selected according to the greatest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (68.42%). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis demonstrated that @entity4180 amplification and IMVD were significant prognostic factors in predicting EFS (hazard ratio for @entity4180 amplification: 3.61; 95% CI: 1.20-10.90; P   =   0.023 and for IMVD: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09; P   =   0.037). CONCLUSION: IMVD determined by CD105 appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for @entity521 . Pediatr @entity5    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: @entity6459 (CD 105) as a potential prognostic factor in XXXX .

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives. We examined whether a @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ) clinic could reach @entity1 who had not received a Papanicolau (Pap) test in the past 3 years. We also explored staff attitudes and implementation of @entity5 screening. Methods. @entity1 (n   =   123) aged 30 to 50 years were offered @entity5 screening in an Indiana @entity2953 clinic. We measured effectiveness by the @entity1 ' self-reported last Pap test. We explored adoption of screening through focus groups with 34 staff members by documenting their attitudes about @entity5 screening and screening strategy adaptation. We also documented recruitment and screening implementation. Results. Almost half (47.9%) of @entity1 reported a last Pap test 3 or more years previously; 30% had reported a last Pap more than 5 years ago, and 11.4% had a high-risk test outcome that required referral to colposcopy. Staff supported screening because of mission alignment and perceived @entity1 benefit. Screening adaptations included eligibility, results provision, and follow-up. Conclusions. @entity5 screening was possible and potentially beneficial in @entity2953 clinics. Future effectiveness implementation studies should expand to include all female @entity1 , and should examine the degree to which adaptation of selected adoption frameworks is feasible. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print February 17, 2015: e1-e7. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302272).

title: @entity5 Screening in a XXXX Clinic: Screening Adoption Experiences From a Midwestern Clinic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'Women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer', 'Cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted disease', 'STD']

answer: @entity2953 :: (MESH:D012749,Disease) :: ['Sexually Transmitted Disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives. We examined whether a @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ) clinic could reach @entity1 who had not received a Papanicolau (Pap) test in the past 3 years. We also explored staff attitudes and implementation of @entity5 screening. Methods. @entity1 (n   =   123) aged 30 to 50 years were offered @entity5 screening in an Indiana @entity2953 clinic. We measured effectiveness by the @entity1 ' self-reported last Pap test. We explored adoption of screening through focus groups with 34 staff members by documenting their attitudes about @entity5 screening and screening strategy adaptation. We also documented recruitment and screening implementation. Results. Almost half (47.9%) of @entity1 reported a last Pap test 3 or more years previously; 30% had reported a last Pap more than 5 years ago, and 11.4% had a high-risk test outcome that required referral to colposcopy. Staff supported screening because of mission alignment and perceived @entity1 benefit. Screening adaptations included eligibility, results provision, and follow-up. Conclusions. @entity5 screening was possible and potentially beneficial in @entity2953 clinics. Future effectiveness implementation studies should expand to include all female @entity1 , and should examine the degree to which adaptation of selected adoption frameworks is feasible. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print February 17, 2015: e1-e7. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302272).

title: XXXX Screening in a @entity2953 Clinic: Screening Adoption Experiences From a Midwestern Clinic.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cervical Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if @entity4677 ( @entity29279 ) enhances the impact in excitatory presynaptic terminals of a rate-limiting mechanism in vesicle trafficking termed supply rate @entity308 that emerges to limit synaptic transmission during heavy, epileptiform use. METHODS: The effect of @entity29279 was measured with electrophysiologic assays of monosynaptic connections in ex vivo hippocampal slices from wild-type and synapsin knockout @entity19 , and in primary cell culture neurons from wild-type and @entity71526 ( @entity71526 ) knockout @entity19 . RESULTS: @entity29279 enhanced the impact of supply rate @entity308 at Schaffer collateral synapses by shortening the time course for induction. The @entity29279 effect was selective for supply rate @entity308 because other presynaptic vesicle trafficking mechanisms were not affected. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) was ~50   m. The maximal effect was ~15  % and occurred at 100   m, which is a clinically relevant concentration. An experimental protocol is established for distinguishing atypical @entity734 ( @entity734 ) that affect supply rate @entity308 , such as @entity29279 , from typical @entity734 , such as @entity2049 , that affect upstream mechanisms. The @entity29279 effect was abolished at synapses from knockout @entity19 lacking @entity71526 and from synapses lacking synapsin 1 and 2. SIGNIFICANCE: The findings are consistent with the new hypothesis that @entity29279 acts to treat @entity302 by accelerating the induction of supply rate @entity308 at excitatory synapses during incipient @entity302 activity. The absence of the effect in the knockouts confirms that presynaptic function is the target. More specifically, the absence in @entity71526 knockouts is consistent with previous binding studies suggesting that @entity71526 is the target for @entity29279 . The absence in synapsin knockouts indicates that the phenotypic target intersects with the biochemical pathway that is altered in synapsin knockouts. The results from synapsin knockouts additionally suggest that development of functional analogs with increased potency might be possible because induction of supply rate @entity308 is faster in synapsin knockouts compared to wild-type synapses treated with @entity29279 .

title: XXXX accelerates the onset of supply rate @entity308 in synaptic vesicle trafficking.

entities_list: @entity4677 :: ('MESH:C026098', 'Chemical') :: ['levetiracetam']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity71526 :: ('64051(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a', 'SV2a']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['AEDs', 'antiepileptic drugs']

answer: @entity4677 :: (MESH:C026098,Chemical) :: ['Levetiracetam']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if @entity4677 ( @entity29279 ) enhances the impact in excitatory presynaptic terminals of a rate-limiting mechanism in vesicle trafficking termed supply rate @entity308 that emerges to limit synaptic transmission during heavy, epileptiform use. METHODS: The effect of @entity29279 was measured with electrophysiologic assays of monosynaptic connections in ex vivo hippocampal slices from wild-type and synapsin knockout @entity19 , and in primary cell culture neurons from wild-type and @entity71526 ( @entity71526 ) knockout @entity19 . RESULTS: @entity29279 enhanced the impact of supply rate @entity308 at Schaffer collateral synapses by shortening the time course for induction. The @entity29279 effect was selective for supply rate @entity308 because other presynaptic vesicle trafficking mechanisms were not affected. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) was ~50   m. The maximal effect was ~15  % and occurred at 100   m, which is a clinically relevant concentration. An experimental protocol is established for distinguishing atypical @entity734 ( @entity734 ) that affect supply rate @entity308 , such as @entity29279 , from typical @entity734 , such as @entity2049 , that affect upstream mechanisms. The @entity29279 effect was abolished at synapses from knockout @entity19 lacking @entity71526 and from synapses lacking synapsin 1 and 2. SIGNIFICANCE: The findings are consistent with the new hypothesis that @entity29279 acts to treat @entity302 by accelerating the induction of supply rate @entity308 at excitatory synapses during incipient @entity302 activity. The absence of the effect in the knockouts confirms that presynaptic function is the target. More specifically, the absence in @entity71526 knockouts is consistent with previous binding studies suggesting that @entity71526 is the target for @entity29279 . The absence in synapsin knockouts indicates that the phenotypic target intersects with the biochemical pathway that is altered in synapsin knockouts. The results from synapsin knockouts additionally suggest that development of functional analogs with increased potency might be possible because induction of supply rate @entity308 is faster in synapsin knockouts compared to wild-type synapses treated with @entity29279 .

title: @entity4677 accelerates the onset of supply rate XXXX in synaptic vesicle trafficking.

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity400 markedly reduces quality of life and causes a significant psychological burden for @entity1 who are severely affected by this @entity717 . Pharmacologic and surgical treatments for @entity400 exist, but for @entity1 who have failed medical therapy and are not surgical candidates, stereotactic radiosurgery is the only available treatment option. Of available stereotactic radiosurgical techniques for intractable @entity400 , the authors chose to evaluate the safety and efficacy of gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgical thalamotomy. In order to qualitatively synthesize available data a systematic review was conducted by searching MEDLINE (OvidSP 1946-January Week 1 2014) and Embase (OvidSP 1974-2014 January). The search strategy was not limited by study design or language of publication. All searches were conducted on January 7, 2014. Treatment efficacy, adverse outcomes, and @entity1 deaths were reviewed and tabulated. Complications appeared months to years post procedure and most commonly consisted of mild @entity1183 and @entity1269 . Rarely, more severe complications were reported, including @entity1282 and @entity204 . Though no data from randomized controlled trials are available, our analysis of the literature indicates that unilateral gamma knife thalamotomy using doses from 130 to 150Gy appears safe and well tolerated.

title: Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgical thalamotomy for intractable XXXX : A systematic review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral numbness']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['transient hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['Tremor', 'tremor']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorder']

answer: @entity400 :: (MESH:D014202,Disease) :: ['tremor']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Many @entity135 ( @entity135 ) survivors experience reduced quality of life due to radiotherapy (RT)-related @entity1282 . The aim of this prospective randomized trial was to evaluate the impact of prophylactic swallowing exercises on swallowing-related outcomes in @entity135 @entity1 treated with curative RT. @entity1 treated with primary RT for @entity135 were candidates for this randomized protocol. @entity1 in the exercise group were instructed to perform swallowing exercises at home. @entity1 in the control group were given standard care. @entity1 were evaluated with modified barium swallow and several other secondary outcome measures at four and nine different time points, respectively. Data were analyzed according to intention-to-treat analyses. A total of 44 consecutive @entity1 were included; 22 in each group. In general, there was no difference between the two groups regarding any of the @entity1282 outcomes during and after treatment. Adherence to exercises was poor and dropouts due to especially fatigue were very frequent in both groups. Systematic swallowing exercises had no impact on swallowing outcomes within the first year after RT. Despite repeated supervised sessions, adherence to exercises was a major issue and dropouts were frequent in both the intervention and control group.

title: Prophylactic Swallowing Exercises in XXXX Radiotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'HNC']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['Head and Neck Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To identify the association of fibronectin (FN) extra domain A ( @entity22577 ) with the progression of salivary @entity2347 (SACC). Accordingly, the exclusion of @entity22577 exon through the CRISPR/Cas9 system was investigated as the rescue for such pro-oncogenic splicing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: SACC-83 cells were transiently transfected with plasmids containing recombinant @entity22577 , and the cellular growth and motility were then accessed in vitro. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was investigated with immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and real-time PCR analysis. SACC tissues from 81 @entity1 were used to access the associations between @entity22577 +FN and clinical-pathological parameters. CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids containing sgRNA were designed and co-transfected into SACC-83 cells; the effects of @entity22577 knockout on cellular growth and motility were then accessed. RESULTS: The recombinant @entity22577 exhibited little effect on the proliferation of SACC cells, but significantly promoted the migration and invasion of the cells (P  <  0.05), accompanied with upregulated EMT (P  <  0.05); consistently, the expression of @entity22577 +FN was positively associated with the @entity3 , nerve invasion and recurrence of SACC (P  <  0.05). Furthermore, the @entity22577 knockout from the FN gene in most SACC cells resulted in a decrease in cell motility and invasion, as well as prolonged population doubling time, compared with untreated SACC-83 cells (P  <  0.05). CONCLUSION: The @entity22577 domain significantly promoted the motility of SACC cells, and positively associated with the @entity5 progression in @entity1 with SACC. Thus, it is a potential risk factor and also a therapeutic target for SACC. The CRISPR/Cas9 system may control a pro-oncogenic splicing process through the exclusion of @entity22577 exon from the FN gene, leading to inhibition of motility, invasion and proliferation of @entity5 cells.

title: The CRISPR/Cas system inhibited the pro-oncogenic effects of alternatively spliced fibronectin extra domain A via editing the genome in salivary XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2347 :: ('MESH:D003528', 'Disease') :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity2347 :: (MESH:D003528,Disease) :: ['adenoid cystic carcinoma']


abstract: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the pathophysiology of repetitive concussive @entity131 (rcTBI) in large part due to the association with dramatic cases of progressive @entity16 in professional athletes, military personnel, and others. However, our understanding of the pathophysiology of rcTBI is less advanced than for more severe @entity1545 . Most prominently, the mechanisms underlying traumatic @entity21 , microglial activation, @entity409 , and progressive tau pathology are not yet known. In addition, the role of injury to dendritic spine cytoskeletal structures, vascular reactivity impairments, and microthrombi are intriguing and subjects of ongoing inquiry. Methods for quantitative analysis of @entity21 , @entity130 , and synaptic loss need to be refined for the field to move forward in a rigorous fashion. We and others are attempting to develop translational approaches to assess these specific pathophysiological events in both animals and @entity1 to facilitate clinically relevant pharmacodynamic assessments of candidate therapeutics. In this article, we review and discuss several of the recent experimental results from our lab and others. We include new initial data describing the difficulty in modeling progressive tau pathology in experimental rcTBI, and results demonstrating that @entity3756 can alleviate social interaction deficits and @entity308 -like behaviors following experimental rcTBI plus foot shock stress. Furthermore, we propose a discrete set of open, experimentally tractable questions that may serve as a framework for future investigations. In addition, we also raise several important questions that are less experimentally tractable at this time, in hopes that they may stimulate future methodological developments to address them. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled " @entity131 ".

title: The pathophysiology of repetitive concussive XXXX in experimental models; new developments and open questions.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injuries']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury', 'Traumatic Brain Injury']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid-beta accumulation']

entities_list: @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['sertraline']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['axonal injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['dendritic injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The deterioration of semen quality occurs very early after @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). Thus, routine cryopreservation of semen early after injury has been recommended. However, there is currently a lack of data concerning the effects of long-term cryopreservation on the quality of spermatozoa from @entity1566 @entity1 . We have therefore investigated the quality of spermatozoa from @entity1566 @entity1 before and after long-term cryopreservation. The semen cryobank of a @entity1566 rehabilitation center was screened for samples with a storage duration of more than 3  years, to carry out a cross-sectional study regarding the sperm quality of semen samples from @entity1566 @entity1 . Semen quality analysis was carried out according to the WHO-Guidelines. The quality of 28 semen samples from 16 @entity1566 @entity1 was investigated prior to and a median 11  years (95% CI 7-13  years) after cryopreservation. Prior to cryopreservation, ejaculate volume (median  =  1.7  mL, 95% CI 1-3  mL) and sperm concentration (median  =  106  *  10(6) /mL, 95% CI 82-132  *  10(6) /mL) were within normal limits, but total sperm motility (median  =  19%, 95% CI 13-22%) and viability (median  =  27%, 95% CI 19-45%) were reduced. Cryopreservation resulted in a significant (p  <  0.0001) decrease in total sperm motility (median  =  2.5%, 95% CI 0-4%) and viability (median  =  7%, 95% CI 6-13%). There were no significant (p  =  0.75) differences between the semen parameters of samples collected early (up to 3  weeks) after @entity1566 and those collected later. Complete @entity1566 had a significantly (p  <  0.0001) negative effect on the sperm viability of the fresh semen samples, and @entity1688 had a significantly (p  <  0.035) negative effect on both pre-cryopreservation sperm viability and post-cryopreservation motility. The assisted ejaculation technique had no significant (p  >  0.053) effect on semen quality. Long-term cryopreservation of semen from @entity1566 @entity1 results in essentially immotile sperm with minimal viability. Thus, routine long-term cryobanking of semen harvested early after @entity1566 cannot be recommended.

title: Cross-sectional study of the sperm quality in semen samples from spinal cord injured XXXX after long-term cryopreservation.

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['tetraplegia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In idiopathic normal pressure @entity1276 (NPH) ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt insertion is the method of choice to improve cardinal symptoms such as gait disturbance, urge @entity322 and/or @entity303 . With reduced compliance, the brain of the elderly is prone for overdrainage complications. This was especially true with the use of differential pressure valve implantation. The present study compares clinical outcome and complication rates after VP shunt insertion with differential pressure valves in the early years and gravitational valves since 2005. METHODS: The authors reviewed @entity1 treated at our institution for NPH since 1995. Differential pressure valves were solely used in the initial years, while the treatment regimen changed to gravitational valves in 2005. Clinical improvement/surgical success rates as well as complications were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Eighty-nine @entity1 were enrolled for the present study. Mean age at the time of surgery was 73.5        6.3  years. Male @entity1 predominated with 73, compared with 16 female @entity1 . Median follow-up time was 28        26  months. Date of last follow-up was 1st October 2013. Forty-nine @entity1 received a gravitational valve, while 40 were treated with differential pressure valves. In the gravitational group a significant improvement was observed after shunt insertion for @entity426 , @entity73 and urge @entity322 (p   <   0.0001, resp. p   =   0.004), while a significant change in the differential pressure group was only seen for @entity426 (p   =   0.03) but not for cognition or urinary incontinency (p   >   0.05). The risk of @entity3609 as a sign of shunt overdrainage requiring surgical intervention was significantly higher in the differential pressure group (5 versus 0 in the gravitational group). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with NPH treated with gravitational valves in the present cohort showed a more profound improvement in their initial symptoms, including @entity426 , @entity73 and urinary incontinency without the risk of overdrainage complications requiring surgical intervention when compared with @entity1 who received differential pressure valves in previous years.

title: Optimized surgical treatment for normal pressure XXXX : comparison between gravitational and differential pressure valves.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity426 :: ('MESH:D020233', 'Disease') :: ['gait disorder']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['hydrocephalus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the potential dosimetric benefits of a two-phase adaptive intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) protocol for @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 ( @entity5 ). A total of 17 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 treated with IMRT had a second computed tomography (CT) scan after 17 fractions in order to apply and continue the treatment with an adapted plan after 20 fractions. To simulate the situation without adaptation, a hybrid plan was generated by applying the optimization parameters of the original treatment plan to the anatomy of the second CT scan. The dose-volume histograms (DVHs) and dose statistics of the hybrid plan and the adapted plan were compared. The mean volume of the ipsilateral and contralateral parotid gland decreased by 6.1 cm(3) (30.5%) and 5.4 cm(3) (24.3%), respectively. Compared with the hybrid plan, the adapted plan provided a higher dose to the target volumes with better homogeneity, and a lower dose to the organs at risk (OARs). The Dmin of all planning target volumes (PTVs) increased. The Dmax of the spinal cord and brainstem were lower in 94% of the @entity1 (1.6-5.9 Gy, P < 0.001 and 2.1-9.9 Gy, P < 0.001, respectively). The Dmean of the contralateral parotid decreased in 70% of the @entity1 (range, 0.2-4.4 Gy). We could not find a relationship between dose variability and @entity353 . Our two-phase adaptive IMRT protocol improves dosimetric results in terms of target volumes and OARs in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 .

title: A dosimetric comparison of two-phase adaptive intensity-modulated radiotherapy for locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['NPC', 'nasopharyngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose. To determine the impact of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) in @entity302 surgeries on the extent of surgical resection and @entity410 outcome along with its feasibility and limitations. Methods. @entity1 with pharmacoresistant @entity302 (PRE), who underwent surgeries in operating theater equipped with high-field 1.5-Tesla MRI, were evaluated for extent of resection, operative time, scanning time, pathologies, resultant extra resection, and @entity410 outcomes. Results. Thirty-nine @entity1 with mean age of 18 (range: 3-65) years with PRE underwent surgical intervention. Mean duration of @entity302 was 10.2 years. Surgical interventions included @entity5 resection (31%), resection of focal @entity6795 (28%), mesial temporal lobe surgeries (18%), and disconnection surgeries (23%). iMRI alone, apart from navigation and electrophysiology, improved resection rates in 13% (5 out of 39) of these @entity1 . In lesional group, iMRI modified operative strategy resulting in increased resections in 21% (5/23) @entity1 . Complete resection was observed in 87% of @entity1 . iMRI scanning time constituted 25% (mean: 72    21 min) of time spent under anesthesia by the @entity1 . Major and minor complications were observed in 2.5% and 7.5% of @entity1 , respectively. The mean follow-up was 14 months. Favorable postoperative @entity410 control (Engel Classes I and II) was achieved in 85% and complete @entity410 freedom was achieved in 77% of @entity1 (Engel Class IA) at 1-year follow-up. Conclusions. iMRI increases the extent of resection mainly in lesional @entity302 surgeries translating into good @entity410 outcomes but not found to be much beneficial in prototype mesial temporal @entity1463 surgeries and disconnection surgeries.

title: Impact of intraoperative MRI on outcomes in XXXX surgery: preliminary experience of two years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['cortical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to present and discuss the results of a European multicentre prospective study about pediatric maxillofacial @entity130 epidemiology during a year. STUDY DESIGN: The following data were recorded: gender, age, etiology, site of @entity174 , date of injury. Of the 3396 @entity1 with maxillofacial @entity174 admitted within the study period, 114 (3.3%) were @entity1 aged 15 years and younger, with a male/female ratio of 2.6:1. Mean age was 10.9 years. Most @entity1 (63%) were aged 11-15 years. RESULTS: The most frequent cause of injury was fall (36 @entity1 ). Sport injuries and assaults were almost limited to the oldest group, whereas falls were more uniformly distributed in the 3 groups. The most frequently observed @entity174 involved the mandible with 47 @entity174 . In particular, 18 condylar @entity174 were recorded, followed by 12 body @entity174 . CONCLUSIONS: Falls can be acknowledged as the most important cause of facial @entity130 during the first years of life. The high incidence of sport accidents after 10 years may be a reason to increase the use of mouthguards and other protective equipment. Finally, the mandible (and in particular the condyle) was confirmed as the most frequent @entity174 site.

title: European Maxillofacial XXXX (EURMAT) in @entity1 : A multicenter and prospective study.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to present and discuss the results of a European multicentre prospective study about pediatric maxillofacial @entity130 epidemiology during a year. STUDY DESIGN: The following data were recorded: gender, age, etiology, site of @entity174 , date of injury. Of the 3396 @entity1 with maxillofacial @entity174 admitted within the study period, 114 (3.3%) were @entity1 aged 15 years and younger, with a male/female ratio of 2.6:1. Mean age was 10.9 years. Most @entity1 (63%) were aged 11-15 years. RESULTS: The most frequent cause of injury was fall (36 @entity1 ). Sport injuries and assaults were almost limited to the oldest group, whereas falls were more uniformly distributed in the 3 groups. The most frequently observed @entity174 involved the mandible with 47 @entity174 . In particular, 18 condylar @entity174 were recorded, followed by 12 body @entity174 . CONCLUSIONS: Falls can be acknowledged as the most important cause of facial @entity130 during the first years of life. The high incidence of sport accidents after 10 years may be a reason to increase the use of mouthguards and other protective equipment. Finally, the mandible (and in particular the condyle) was confirmed as the most frequent @entity174 site.

title: European Maxillofacial @entity130 (EURMAT) in XXXX : A multicenter and prospective study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of major risk factors associated to @entity453 has changed over time. Today, the frequency of @entity2299 , @entity101 and @entity6 has increased, while smoking has decreased. The birth cohort effect for @entity453 in subjects as an approximation of the true prevalence over time has not been studied in Latin-America. OBJECTIVE: To determine the trends in the prevalence of major risk factors for @entity453 by birth cohort effect in a high risk population. METHODS: We estimate the prevalence of @entity6 , smoking, @entity101 and @entity2299 from a prospective institutional registry (DREST registry) of @entity1 who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary event. Birth cohort effect was defined as a statistical, epidemiological and sociological methodology to identify the influence of the environment in the lifetime from birth by each decade. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed adjusted by gender. RESULTS: Out of 3,056 subjects who were enrolled, 72% were male, with a median age of 61 years (interquartile range=53-69). @entity101 prevalence was 62.3%, for @entity6 it was 48.8%, for smoking it was 18.8% and for @entity2299 it was 48.8%. We observed an increase in prevalence for @entity6 and @entity2299 in each cohort according to birth decade, while there was a reduction in prevalence for @entity101 in the same decades. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors has changed in time and the presence of time at birth effect is evident, possibly influenced by the environment's social conditions in each decade of life.

title: [Birth cohort effect on prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in XXXX . Experience in a Latin-american country.]

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neurostimulation as a treatment option for refractory @entity146 has been increasingly utilized in recent years. For @entity1 with such refractory disorders who have often failed to respond to various medical interventions, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a promising treatment modality. DBS is a reversible and adjustable form of brain stimulation (also known as functional neurosurgery) in which desired brain structures (or circuits) are given focal electric stimulation via electrodes that are implanted in the brain tissue during a surgical procedure. It has been utilized among various @entity146 and neurological illnesses, in @entity2794 . This article reviews the most relevant data regarding DBS for @entity146 and primary @entity2794 . METHODS: Authors conducted a detailed literature search of Medline/PubMed database and studies that used DBS for the treatment of refractory @entity146 were reviewed. Response, remission, and safety measures of these studies were obtained. RESULTS: Despite the advancement in DBS treatment, the number of randomized controlled studies remains very limited due to ethical and methodological difficulties of setting up invasive procedures of this magnitude. So at present, DBS represents a modality used only in the most refractory @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Current data support DBS as a promising treatment option for @entity146 that do not respond to conventional treatments; however, it is clear that more research and @entity1 volume is needed to demonstrate its efficacy in treating these conditions. The use of functional imaging to understand the pathophysiology of these disorders has been crucial for the utilization of DBS.

title: A Comprehensive Review of the Use of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in Treatment of Psychiatric and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['particular headache disorders', 'headache disorders']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'neuropsychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity2794 :: (MESH:D020773,Disease) :: ['Headache Disorders']


abstract: @entity5555 ( @entity5555 ) models use genome-wide genetic information to predict genetic values of candidates of selection. Originally, these models were developed without considering genotype * environment interaction(G*E). Several authors have proposed extensions of the single-environment @entity5555 model that accommodate G*E using either covariance functions or environmental covariates. In this study, we model G*E using a marker * environment interaction (M*E) @entity5555 model; the approach is conceptually simple and can be implemented with existing @entity5555 software. We discuss how the model can be implemented by using an explicit regression of phenotypes on markers or using co-variance structures (a genomic best linear unbiased prediction-type model). We used the M*E model to analyze three CIMMYT @entity3505 data sets (W1, W2, and W3), where more than 1000 lines were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing and evaluated at CIMMYT's research station in Ciudad Obregon, Mexico, under simulated environmental conditions that covered different irrigation levels, sowing dates and planting systems. We compared the M*E model with a stratified (i.e., within-environment) analysis and with a standard (across-environment) @entity5555 model that assumes that effects are constant across environments (i.e., ignoring G*E). The prediction accuracy of the M*E model was substantially greater of that of an across-environment analysis that ignores G*E. Depending on the prediction problem, the M*E model had either similar or greater levels of prediction accuracy than the stratified analyses. The M*E model decomposes marker effects and genomic values into components that are stable across environments (main effects) and others that are environment-specific (interactions). Therefore, in principle, the interaction model could shed light over which variants have effects that are stable across environments and which ones are responsible for G*E. The data set and the scripts required to reproduce the analysis are publicly available as Supporting Information.

title: Increased prediction accuracy in XXXX breeding trials using a marker * environment interaction genomic selection model.

entities_list: @entity5555 :: ('MESH:D042822', 'Disease') :: ['Genomic selection', 'GS']

answer: @entity3505 :: (4565,Species) :: ['wheat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2931 receptor-negative (ER-) @entity0 is intrinsically sensitive to chemotherapy. However, @entity5 response is often incomplete, and relapse occurs with high frequency. The aim of this work was to analyse the molecular characteristics of @entity5 and early response to chemotherapy in @entity1 -derived xenografts (PDXs) of @entity0 . METHODS: Gene and protein expression profiles were analysed in a panel of ER- @entity0 PDXs before and after chemotherapy treatment. @entity5 and stromal @entity379 expression was measured in xenografts lysates by @entity1 and @entity19 cytokine arrays, respectively. RESULTS: The analysis of @entity5 cells in chemo-responder PDX revealed a strong overexpression of @entity3027 -inducible genes, induced early after AC treatment and associated with increased @entity6897 phosphorylation, DNA-damage and apoptosis. No increase in @entity3027 -inducible gene expression was observed in chemo-resistant PDXs upon chemotherapy. Overexpression of @entity3027 -related genes was associated with @entity1 @entity379 secretion by @entity5 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment-induced activation of the @entity3027 / @entity6897 pathway in @entity5 cells is associated with chemotherapy response in ER- @entity0 . Further validations in prospective clinical trials will aim to evaluate the usefulness of this signature to assist therapeutic strategies in the clinical setting.

title: Activation of @entity3027 / XXXX signalling predicts response to chemotherapy in @entity2931 receptor-negative @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['Oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumour', 'Tumour', 'residual tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma', 'IFN-y']

answer: @entity6897 :: (6772,Gene) :: ['STAT1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2931 receptor-negative (ER-) @entity0 is intrinsically sensitive to chemotherapy. However, @entity5 response is often incomplete, and relapse occurs with high frequency. The aim of this work was to analyse the molecular characteristics of @entity5 and early response to chemotherapy in @entity1 -derived xenografts (PDXs) of @entity0 . METHODS: Gene and protein expression profiles were analysed in a panel of ER- @entity0 PDXs before and after chemotherapy treatment. @entity5 and stromal @entity379 expression was measured in xenografts lysates by @entity1 and @entity19 cytokine arrays, respectively. RESULTS: The analysis of @entity5 cells in chemo-responder PDX revealed a strong overexpression of @entity3027 -inducible genes, induced early after AC treatment and associated with increased @entity6897 phosphorylation, DNA-damage and apoptosis. No increase in @entity3027 -inducible gene expression was observed in chemo-resistant PDXs upon chemotherapy. Overexpression of @entity3027 -related genes was associated with @entity1 @entity379 secretion by @entity5 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment-induced activation of the @entity3027 / @entity6897 pathway in @entity5 cells is associated with chemotherapy response in ER- @entity0 . Further validations in prospective clinical trials will aim to evaluate the usefulness of this signature to assist therapeutic strategies in the clinical setting.

title: Activation of @entity3027 / @entity6897 signalling predicts response to chemotherapy in @entity2931 receptor-negative XXXX .

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2931 receptor-negative (ER-) @entity0 is intrinsically sensitive to chemotherapy. However, @entity5 response is often incomplete, and relapse occurs with high frequency. The aim of this work was to analyse the molecular characteristics of @entity5 and early response to chemotherapy in @entity1 -derived xenografts (PDXs) of @entity0 . METHODS: Gene and protein expression profiles were analysed in a panel of ER- @entity0 PDXs before and after chemotherapy treatment. @entity5 and stromal @entity379 expression was measured in xenografts lysates by @entity1 and @entity19 cytokine arrays, respectively. RESULTS: The analysis of @entity5 cells in chemo-responder PDX revealed a strong overexpression of @entity3027 -inducible genes, induced early after AC treatment and associated with increased @entity6897 phosphorylation, DNA-damage and apoptosis. No increase in @entity3027 -inducible gene expression was observed in chemo-resistant PDXs upon chemotherapy. Overexpression of @entity3027 -related genes was associated with @entity1 @entity379 secretion by @entity5 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment-induced activation of the @entity3027 / @entity6897 pathway in @entity5 cells is associated with chemotherapy response in ER- @entity0 . Further validations in prospective clinical trials will aim to evaluate the usefulness of this signature to assist therapeutic strategies in the clinical setting.

title: Activation of @entity3027 / @entity6897 signalling predicts response to chemotherapy in XXXX receptor-negative @entity0 .

answer: @entity2931 :: (CHEBI:50114,Chemical) :: ['oestrogen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2931 receptor-negative (ER-) @entity0 is intrinsically sensitive to chemotherapy. However, @entity5 response is often incomplete, and relapse occurs with high frequency. The aim of this work was to analyse the molecular characteristics of @entity5 and early response to chemotherapy in @entity1 -derived xenografts (PDXs) of @entity0 . METHODS: Gene and protein expression profiles were analysed in a panel of ER- @entity0 PDXs before and after chemotherapy treatment. @entity5 and stromal @entity379 expression was measured in xenografts lysates by @entity1 and @entity19 cytokine arrays, respectively. RESULTS: The analysis of @entity5 cells in chemo-responder PDX revealed a strong overexpression of @entity3027 -inducible genes, induced early after AC treatment and associated with increased @entity6897 phosphorylation, DNA-damage and apoptosis. No increase in @entity3027 -inducible gene expression was observed in chemo-resistant PDXs upon chemotherapy. Overexpression of @entity3027 -related genes was associated with @entity1 @entity379 secretion by @entity5 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment-induced activation of the @entity3027 / @entity6897 pathway in @entity5 cells is associated with chemotherapy response in ER- @entity0 . Further validations in prospective clinical trials will aim to evaluate the usefulness of this signature to assist therapeutic strategies in the clinical setting.

title: Activation of XXXX / @entity6897 signalling predicts response to chemotherapy in @entity2931 receptor-negative @entity0 .

answer: @entity3027 :: (3439,Gene) :: ['IFN']


abstract: @entity28 prevention has emerged as one of public health's top priorities. Public health agencies need reliable data on population health status to guide prevention efforts. Existing survey data sources provide county-level estimates; obtaining sub-county estimates from survey data can be prohibitively expensive. State-issued identification cards are an alternate data source for community-level @entity28 estimates. We computed body mass index for 3.2 million adult Oregonians who were issued a driver license or identification card between 2003 and 2010. Statewide estimates of @entity28 prevalence and average body mass index were compared to the Oregon Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). After geocoding addresses we calculated average adult body mass index for every census tract and block group in the state. Sub-county estimates reveal striking patterns in the population's weight status. Annual @entity28 prevalence estimates from identification cards averaged 18% lower than the BRFSS for @entity1 and 31% lower for @entity1 . Body mass index estimates averaged 2% lower than the BRFSS for @entity1 and 5% lower for @entity1 . Identification card records are a promising data source to augment tracking of @entity28 . @entity1 do tend to misrepresent their weight, but the consistent bias does not obscure patterns and trends. Large numbers of records allow for stable estimates for small geographic areas.

title: Using state-issued identification cards for XXXX tracking.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'People', 'men']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Obesity', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Predicting the outcome of @entity1 operated on for @entity699 ( @entity699 ) is a challenging task. Our objective was to assess the accuracy of immediate postsurgical plasma @entity701 , desmopressin test and the coupled @entity619 -desmopressin test (CDDT) as predictors of outcome. DESIGN AND @entity1 : Sixty-seven @entity1 with initial remission and a minimal postsurgical follow-up greater than 18  months were included in this retrospective bicentre study. MEASUREMENTS: Follow-up included 3-6  months followed by yearly 24-h urinary-free @entity701 , ACTH and @entity701 plasmatic levels, a 1-mg overnight @entity619 suppression test (1-mg DST), desmopressin test and the CDDT. ROC curves were performed to define the optimal threshold of immediate postsurgical @entity701 level and 3- to 6-month desmopressin test and CDDT, as predictors of final outcome in comparison with classical biological markers of recurrence. RESULTS: Eleven @entity1 presented recurrence. The @entity1 's median follow-up was 52  months (range, 18-180). As early predictors of outcome, immediate postsurgical plasma @entity701 level <35  nmol/l predicted the lack of recurrence with 93% negative predictive value (NPV), whereas predictive positive value ( @entity2286 ) was 25%. During the follow-up, the CDDT was more precise than the desmopressin test in predicting the lack of recurrence (100% NPV) when performed in the first 3  years after surgery. Positivity of the CDDT was defined based on ROC curves by ACTH and @entity701 increments >50%. The CDDT was highly reproducible, as the same response was observed every year in 91% of the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Adding the CDDT the first 3  years after surgery to immediate postsurgical @entity701 evaluation should allow obtaining an optimal follow-up management of @entity1 operated for @entity699 .

title: Postoperative follow-up of @entity699 using @entity701 , desmopressin and coupled XXXX -desmopressin tests: a head-to-head comparison.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Cushing's disease"]

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['dexamethasone']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Predicting the outcome of @entity1 operated on for @entity699 ( @entity699 ) is a challenging task. Our objective was to assess the accuracy of immediate postsurgical plasma @entity701 , desmopressin test and the coupled @entity619 -desmopressin test (CDDT) as predictors of outcome. DESIGN AND @entity1 : Sixty-seven @entity1 with initial remission and a minimal postsurgical follow-up greater than 18  months were included in this retrospective bicentre study. MEASUREMENTS: Follow-up included 3-6  months followed by yearly 24-h urinary-free @entity701 , ACTH and @entity701 plasmatic levels, a 1-mg overnight @entity619 suppression test (1-mg DST), desmopressin test and the CDDT. ROC curves were performed to define the optimal threshold of immediate postsurgical @entity701 level and 3- to 6-month desmopressin test and CDDT, as predictors of final outcome in comparison with classical biological markers of recurrence. RESULTS: Eleven @entity1 presented recurrence. The @entity1 's median follow-up was 52  months (range, 18-180). As early predictors of outcome, immediate postsurgical plasma @entity701 level <35  nmol/l predicted the lack of recurrence with 93% negative predictive value (NPV), whereas predictive positive value ( @entity2286 ) was 25%. During the follow-up, the CDDT was more precise than the desmopressin test in predicting the lack of recurrence (100% NPV) when performed in the first 3  years after surgery. Positivity of the CDDT was defined based on ROC curves by ACTH and @entity701 increments >50%. The CDDT was highly reproducible, as the same response was observed every year in 91% of the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Adding the CDDT the first 3  years after surgery to immediate postsurgical @entity701 evaluation should allow obtaining an optimal follow-up management of @entity1 operated for @entity699 .

title: Postoperative follow-up of XXXX using @entity701 , desmopressin and coupled @entity619 -desmopressin tests: a head-to-head comparison.

answer: @entity699 :: (MESH:D003480,Disease) :: ['Cushing's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Predicting the outcome of @entity1 operated on for @entity699 ( @entity699 ) is a challenging task. Our objective was to assess the accuracy of immediate postsurgical plasma @entity701 , desmopressin test and the coupled @entity619 -desmopressin test (CDDT) as predictors of outcome. DESIGN AND @entity1 : Sixty-seven @entity1 with initial remission and a minimal postsurgical follow-up greater than 18  months were included in this retrospective bicentre study. MEASUREMENTS: Follow-up included 3-6  months followed by yearly 24-h urinary-free @entity701 , ACTH and @entity701 plasmatic levels, a 1-mg overnight @entity619 suppression test (1-mg DST), desmopressin test and the CDDT. ROC curves were performed to define the optimal threshold of immediate postsurgical @entity701 level and 3- to 6-month desmopressin test and CDDT, as predictors of final outcome in comparison with classical biological markers of recurrence. RESULTS: Eleven @entity1 presented recurrence. The @entity1 's median follow-up was 52  months (range, 18-180). As early predictors of outcome, immediate postsurgical plasma @entity701 level <35  nmol/l predicted the lack of recurrence with 93% negative predictive value (NPV), whereas predictive positive value ( @entity2286 ) was 25%. During the follow-up, the CDDT was more precise than the desmopressin test in predicting the lack of recurrence (100% NPV) when performed in the first 3  years after surgery. Positivity of the CDDT was defined based on ROC curves by ACTH and @entity701 increments >50%. The CDDT was highly reproducible, as the same response was observed every year in 91% of the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Adding the CDDT the first 3  years after surgery to immediate postsurgical @entity701 evaluation should allow obtaining an optimal follow-up management of @entity1 operated for @entity699 .

title: Postoperative follow-up of @entity699 using XXXX , desmopressin and coupled @entity619 -desmopressin tests: a head-to-head comparison.

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['cortisol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatments of @entity6196 ( @entity6196 ) in head and neck. METHODS: A retrospective review of the medical records for the cases of @entity6196 in head and neck from 2004 to 2014. General clinical information including diagnosis and treatments was obtained and analyzed. A literature review was also conducted. RESULTS: A total of 5 cases diagnosed with @entity6196 were included. Of 5 @entity1 , one @entity1 with lesion in the temporal field was treated with radical resection, followed by radiotherapy, and a 24-month follow-up showed no recurrence. Three @entity1 presented with maxillary, infratemporal fossa or cheek invasion respectively, after diagnosed with pathological examination, one @entity1 received preoperation radiotherapy plus radical resection and postoperative chemotherapy, and the lesions had no obvious progress with follow-up of 106 months; one @entity1 was applied with preoperative chemotherapy plus extensive resection and postoperation radiotherapy, showed recurrence 15 months later, and was lost to follow-up; and another @entity1 underwent chemotherapy plus radiotherapy and extensive resection, presented with pulmonary @entity3 5 months later, and died of brain @entity3 within 25 months. One foreign @entity1 presented with @entity5 involved @entity5 was reduced obviously after chemotherapy, but he was lost to follow-up after getting home. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6196 in head and neck is rare and the clinical profile of @entity6196 is the presence of occupying and compression. The pathology examination is an only way to confirm the diagnosis of @entity6196 . The combination of excision, radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the treatment choice.

title: [Clinical features of XXXX in head and neck].

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['primitive neuroectodermal tumor', 'PNET']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'submaxillary, mouth and tongue, the tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity6196 :: (MESH:D018242,Disease) :: ['primitive neuroectodermal tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Monoclonal antibodies targeting @entity470 ( @entity470 ) or @entity7 ( @entity7 ) have demonstrated efficacy in combination with chemotherapy in the first-line therapy of advanced @entity14 ( @entity14 ). Data from randomized studies comparing these monoclonal antibodies as initial therapy is conflicting, and their comparative efficacy remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of these targeted therapies on @entity1 outcomes by combining the data from randomized clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and meeting proceedings within the past 12 months were searched to identify relevant studies. All randomized phase II/III clinical trials of advanced @entity14 comparing an anti- @entity470 therapy with an anti- @entity7 agent in the first-line setting were included. Data were extracted on sample size, objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: Three randomized studies comprising 2014 @entity1 were included in the meta-analysis. For @entity1 with @entity984 wild type ( @entity984 - @entity7097 ) @entity14 , the ORR was superior in @entity1 who received first-line anti- @entity470 therapy compared with those who received anti- @entity7 therapy (odds ratio [OR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.58; P  = .004). This effect was even stronger for all RAS- @entity7097 @entity1 (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.13-1.90; P  = .004). There was no difference in PFS overall irrespective of the @entity984 - @entity7097 (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.93-1.13; P  = .61) or all RAS- @entity7097 (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.71-1.18; P  = .50) status. The @entity1349 was significantly longer in the @entity1 who received first-line anti- @entity470 therapy compared with those who received anti- @entity7 therapy ( @entity984 - @entity7097 : HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65-0.97; P  = .026; all RAS- @entity7097 : HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63-0.95; P  = .016). CONCLUSION: The results of our research show superior ORR and @entity1349 with first-line anti- @entity470 therapy compared with anti- @entity7 therapy in both @entity984 - @entity7097 and all RAS- @entity7097 @entity1 with advanced @entity14 . These results suggest that anti- @entity470 monoclonal antibodies may be a real alternative to anti- @entity7 therapy as initial treatment of advanced @entity14 .

title: Role of First-Line Anti- @entity470 Therapy Compared With Anti- XXXX Therapy in Advanced @entity14 : A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Monoclonal antibodies targeting @entity470 ( @entity470 ) or @entity7 ( @entity7 ) have demonstrated efficacy in combination with chemotherapy in the first-line therapy of advanced @entity14 ( @entity14 ). Data from randomized studies comparing these monoclonal antibodies as initial therapy is conflicting, and their comparative efficacy remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of these targeted therapies on @entity1 outcomes by combining the data from randomized clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and meeting proceedings within the past 12 months were searched to identify relevant studies. All randomized phase II/III clinical trials of advanced @entity14 comparing an anti- @entity470 therapy with an anti- @entity7 agent in the first-line setting were included. Data were extracted on sample size, objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: Three randomized studies comprising 2014 @entity1 were included in the meta-analysis. For @entity1 with @entity984 wild type ( @entity984 - @entity7097 ) @entity14 , the ORR was superior in @entity1 who received first-line anti- @entity470 therapy compared with those who received anti- @entity7 therapy (odds ratio [OR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.58; P  = .004). This effect was even stronger for all RAS- @entity7097 @entity1 (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.13-1.90; P  = .004). There was no difference in PFS overall irrespective of the @entity984 - @entity7097 (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.93-1.13; P  = .61) or all RAS- @entity7097 (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.71-1.18; P  = .50) status. The @entity1349 was significantly longer in the @entity1 who received first-line anti- @entity470 therapy compared with those who received anti- @entity7 therapy ( @entity984 - @entity7097 : HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65-0.97; P  = .026; all RAS- @entity7097 : HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63-0.95; P  = .016). CONCLUSION: The results of our research show superior ORR and @entity1349 with first-line anti- @entity470 therapy compared with anti- @entity7 therapy in both @entity984 - @entity7097 and all RAS- @entity7097 @entity1 with advanced @entity14 . These results suggest that anti- @entity470 monoclonal antibodies may be a real alternative to anti- @entity7 therapy as initial treatment of advanced @entity14 .

title: Role of First-Line Anti- XXXX Therapy Compared With Anti- @entity7 Therapy in Advanced @entity14 : A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Monoclonal antibodies targeting @entity470 ( @entity470 ) or @entity7 ( @entity7 ) have demonstrated efficacy in combination with chemotherapy in the first-line therapy of advanced @entity14 ( @entity14 ). Data from randomized studies comparing these monoclonal antibodies as initial therapy is conflicting, and their comparative efficacy remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of these targeted therapies on @entity1 outcomes by combining the data from randomized clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and meeting proceedings within the past 12 months were searched to identify relevant studies. All randomized phase II/III clinical trials of advanced @entity14 comparing an anti- @entity470 therapy with an anti- @entity7 agent in the first-line setting were included. Data were extracted on sample size, objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: Three randomized studies comprising 2014 @entity1 were included in the meta-analysis. For @entity1 with @entity984 wild type ( @entity984 - @entity7097 ) @entity14 , the ORR was superior in @entity1 who received first-line anti- @entity470 therapy compared with those who received anti- @entity7 therapy (odds ratio [OR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.58; P  = .004). This effect was even stronger for all RAS- @entity7097 @entity1 (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.13-1.90; P  = .004). There was no difference in PFS overall irrespective of the @entity984 - @entity7097 (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.93-1.13; P  = .61) or all RAS- @entity7097 (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.71-1.18; P  = .50) status. The @entity1349 was significantly longer in the @entity1 who received first-line anti- @entity470 therapy compared with those who received anti- @entity7 therapy ( @entity984 - @entity7097 : HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65-0.97; P  = .026; all RAS- @entity7097 : HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63-0.95; P  = .016). CONCLUSION: The results of our research show superior ORR and @entity1349 with first-line anti- @entity470 therapy compared with anti- @entity7 therapy in both @entity984 - @entity7097 and all RAS- @entity7097 @entity1 with advanced @entity14 . These results suggest that anti- @entity470 monoclonal antibodies may be a real alternative to anti- @entity7 therapy as initial treatment of advanced @entity14 .

title: Role of First-Line Anti- @entity470 Therapy Compared With Anti- @entity7 Therapy in Advanced XXXX : A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']