abstract: From June 1976 to December 1984, 48 previously untreated @entity1 with @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) were treated according to the LSA2-L2 protocol, modified by inclusion of cranial irradiation for @entity1 in stage III and stage IV disease. According to the staging system proposed by Wollner, 4 @entity1 were in stage I, 8 in stage II, 11 in stage III, 8 in stage @entity3480 (less than or equal to 25% blasts in the bone marrow), 15 in stage IVB (greater than 25% blasts in the bone marrow), and 2 in @entity6220 . The complete remission rate was 95.8%. The relapse-free survival (RFS) rate of 46 complete responders was 76% after a median observation time of 47+ months. Only 1 of 35 high-risk responder @entity1 developed CNS relapse after prophylactic treatment. Clinical stages were related to the RFS: 100% in stage I-II vs. 69% in stage III-IV. All 8 @entity1 in stage IV were alive without evidence of disease with a median observation time of 59+ months. Fifteen @entity1 in stage IVB who had @entity706 attained 59% RFS with a median observation time of 39+ months. After a median observation time of 38+ months, 29 of 37 @entity1 are off therapy. The results emphasize the value of both the histologic and immunologic features and the stage of disease in predicting the outcome of @entity1893 in @entity1 . The LSA2-L2 regimen appears to be a very effective protocol for @entity1 with @entity981 , although it may be less efficacious for @entity1 with large bone marrow involvement.

title: @entity1893 and " XXXX ": long-term results with the modified LSA2-L2 protocol.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['stage IV central nervous system disease']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoblastic lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['leukemia-lymphoma syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['leukemia-lymphoma syndrome']


abstract: From June 1976 to December 1984, 48 previously untreated @entity1 with @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) were treated according to the LSA2-L2 protocol, modified by inclusion of cranial irradiation for @entity1 in stage III and stage IV disease. According to the staging system proposed by Wollner, 4 @entity1 were in stage I, 8 in stage II, 11 in stage III, 8 in stage @entity3480 (less than or equal to 25% blasts in the bone marrow), 15 in stage IVB (greater than 25% blasts in the bone marrow), and 2 in @entity6220 . The complete remission rate was 95.8%. The relapse-free survival (RFS) rate of 46 complete responders was 76% after a median observation time of 47+ months. Only 1 of 35 high-risk responder @entity1 developed CNS relapse after prophylactic treatment. Clinical stages were related to the RFS: 100% in stage I-II vs. 69% in stage III-IV. All 8 @entity1 in stage IV were alive without evidence of disease with a median observation time of 59+ months. Fifteen @entity1 in stage IVB who had @entity706 attained 59% RFS with a median observation time of 39+ months. After a median observation time of 38+ months, 29 of 37 @entity1 are off therapy. The results emphasize the value of both the histologic and immunologic features and the stage of disease in predicting the outcome of @entity1893 in @entity1 . The LSA2-L2 regimen appears to be a very effective protocol for @entity1 with @entity981 , although it may be less efficacious for @entity1 with large bone marrow involvement.

title: XXXX and " @entity706 ": long-term results with the modified LSA2-L2 protocol.

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['Childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: The MC-2 @entity1492 , which is a transplantable @entity5 syngeneic for BALB/c @entity19 , metastasizes to lymph nodes draining subcutaneous inoculation sites, and also to the lungs. T cell-mediated immunity was detected in Winn assays using spleens from excision immunized @entity19 . T cell-mediated anti- @entity5 immunity was also detected in spleens from @entity19 with small @entity5 but disappeared as the @entity5 burden increased. Protective immune spleen cell activity in the Winn assay was inhibited by prior addition of spleen cells from @entity19 with large @entity5 , causing increased @entity5 incidence. Splenic metastases occasionally occurred in the MC-2 model, but were not demonstrable by bioassay in any of the experiments detecting splenic suppressor cell activity. In vivo protective activity was restored to advanced-stage @entity5 -bearer spleens by whole-body ionizing irradiation (0.5 and 2.5 Gy) of donor @entity19 15 h before sampling. Spleen cells from @entity19 with small @entity5 remained protective after 1.5, 2.5 and 4.0 Gy of irradiation in vivo. These results are consistent with the properties of radiosensitive suppressor T cells. In contrast to reports in other @entity5 models, suppressor cells were not detected until late in the course of MC-2 development. This is surprising in view of the aggressively metastatic nature of MC-2. It is postulated that modulation of the anti- @entity5 immune response by the suppressor cells is associated with @entity3 in this @entity5 model. The late appearance of both suppressor cells and metastatic cells in the spleen may reflect similar processes occurring earlier in regional lymph nodes.

title: In vivo detection and partial characterization of effector and suppressor cell populations in spleens of @entity19 with large metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1492 :: (MESH:D005354,Disease) :: ['fibrosarcomas']


abstract: The MC-2 @entity1492 , which is a transplantable @entity5 syngeneic for BALB/c @entity19 , metastasizes to lymph nodes draining subcutaneous inoculation sites, and also to the lungs. T cell-mediated immunity was detected in Winn assays using spleens from excision immunized @entity19 . T cell-mediated anti- @entity5 immunity was also detected in spleens from @entity19 with small @entity5 but disappeared as the @entity5 burden increased. Protective immune spleen cell activity in the Winn assay was inhibited by prior addition of spleen cells from @entity19 with large @entity5 , causing increased @entity5 incidence. Splenic metastases occasionally occurred in the MC-2 model, but were not demonstrable by bioassay in any of the experiments detecting splenic suppressor cell activity. In vivo protective activity was restored to advanced-stage @entity5 -bearer spleens by whole-body ionizing irradiation (0.5 and 2.5 Gy) of donor @entity19 15 h before sampling. Spleen cells from @entity19 with small @entity5 remained protective after 1.5, 2.5 and 4.0 Gy of irradiation in vivo. These results are consistent with the properties of radiosensitive suppressor T cells. In contrast to reports in other @entity5 models, suppressor cells were not detected until late in the course of MC-2 development. This is surprising in view of the aggressively metastatic nature of MC-2. It is postulated that modulation of the anti- @entity5 immune response by the suppressor cells is associated with @entity3 in this @entity5 model. The late appearance of both suppressor cells and metastatic cells in the spleen may reflect similar processes occurring earlier in regional lymph nodes.

title: In vivo detection and partial characterization of effector and suppressor cell populations in spleens of XXXX with large metastatic @entity1492 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: The aim of this study was the @entity854 occurring within T-cell subsets of @entity2743 ' @entity1 before treatment. Special emphasis was placed on the enumeration of activated T cells using a number of new monoclonal antibodies. Lymphocytes from 22 @entity2743 @entity1 were examined. The total number, the percentage of 'helper/inducer' and 'suppressor/cytotoxic' positive cells were evaluated using the antibodies T3, T4 and UCHT4, whereas the cells with killer activity were defined by H25. @entity3457 cells were detected using the antibodies DA6.231, DA6.164, and L243 which bind different epitopes of the beta chains of class II surface antigens and 4F2, which binds a 120,000 molecular weight glycoprotein. The results show no significant change in the total T, helper or suppressor cell phenotype, but an increase in the killer cell percentage was noted. Of those @entity1 tested, 19 of 22 showed an increase in activated T cells, 18 of 22 @entity1 showed a significant increase of T cells bearing class II antigens, 11 of 22 showed an increase of T cells staining with another activated T cell antibody, 4F2. The anti-DR antibodies expressed different binding characteristics, the most striking difference being seen between the antibodies DA6.231 and L243. The results of this study suggest an heterogeneity of the immune response, or differences in activation stage in @entity1 with @entity2743 before therapeutic intervention. An important role for these cells in the pathogenesis of this disorder can be inferred.

title: XXXX cells in @entity2743 before treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['definition of abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['Activated T']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['thyrotoxic Graves', "Graves' disease"]

answer: @entity3457 :: (OMIM:612348,Disease) :: ['Activated T']


abstract: The aim of this study was the @entity854 occurring within T-cell subsets of @entity2743 ' @entity1 before treatment. Special emphasis was placed on the enumeration of activated T cells using a number of new monoclonal antibodies. Lymphocytes from 22 @entity2743 @entity1 were examined. The total number, the percentage of 'helper/inducer' and 'suppressor/cytotoxic' positive cells were evaluated using the antibodies T3, T4 and UCHT4, whereas the cells with killer activity were defined by H25. @entity3457 cells were detected using the antibodies DA6.231, DA6.164, and L243 which bind different epitopes of the beta chains of class II surface antigens and 4F2, which binds a 120,000 molecular weight glycoprotein. The results show no significant change in the total T, helper or suppressor cell phenotype, but an increase in the killer cell percentage was noted. Of those @entity1 tested, 19 of 22 showed an increase in activated T cells, 18 of 22 @entity1 showed a significant increase of T cells bearing class II antigens, 11 of 22 showed an increase of T cells staining with another activated T cell antibody, 4F2. The anti-DR antibodies expressed different binding characteristics, the most striking difference being seen between the antibodies DA6.231 and L243. The results of this study suggest an heterogeneity of the immune response, or differences in activation stage in @entity1 with @entity2743 before therapeutic intervention. An important role for these cells in the pathogenesis of this disorder can be inferred.

title: @entity3457 cells in XXXX before treatment.

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: The b-CAPSA I capsular polysaccharide vaccine for @entity327 type b was given to 87,541 @entity1 2 through 5 years of age in the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, and the @entity1 were then followed using a multiple modality surveillance. Phase 1 consisted of 24-hour recall of immediate side effects which were recorded on questionnaires given to families of 13,500 @entity1 . Local side effects were found to be uncommon: 2.3% had a temperature of greater than or equal to 38.3 degrees C (greater than or equal to 101 degrees F); 4.8% had local erythema, 2.9% local swelling, and 12.6% local tenderness; two @entity1 had wheezing shortly after immunization. In Phase 2, 30 days after immunization, questionnaires were mailed to parents of all 87,541 @entity1 , who were asked to respond to questions about illnesses and health care. Phase 3 consisted of active surveillance of @entity1 health care use by physicians and nurses during the 30 days after immunization. During the 30-day reporting periods, there were 40 hospitalizations, including one for wheezing and one for febrile @entity410 . Of the 40 hospitalizations, only the one for wheezing was believed by the admitting physician to be probably associated with vaccine administration. Three @entity1 had @entity410 within 30 days of immunization. None of the @entity410 was believed by the reporting physician to be associated with immunization. Adverse effects of the vaccine were mild, limited to local reactions and occasional temperature elevation; @entity5143 after immunization occurred rarely.

title: b-CAPSA I XXXX , type b, capsular polysaccharide vaccine safety.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5143 :: ('MESH:D001986', 'Disease') :: ['bronchospasm']

entities_list: @entity327 :: ('727', 'Species') :: ['Haemophilus influenzae']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

answer: @entity327 :: (727,Species) :: ['Haemophilus influenzae']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity420 ( @entity420 ) is the second frequent @entity5 . @entity355 ( @entity355 ) takes precedence over @entity420 . @entity355 is a metaplastic change of the stratified squamous epithelium to the intestinal columnar epithelium due to the @entity344 . Further, the disease takes the @entity5072 stage followed by @entity420 . An initial immune response is an essential reaction of a body to an occurrence of alien/modified cells to be removed. It has been appreciated that an inflammatory reaction occurs in the early stages of @entity420 or even in @entity355 . Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in a frontier of an immune response due to their advanced ability to recognize foreign antigens and mobilize naive T cells to effectors. However, in a @entity5 , @entity5 -delivered immunosuppression occurs in a variety of mechanisms that alter/switch the functionality of DCs from immune activating to immune suppressive cells. In this brief review, we consider @entity5 -induced paths of a capacity of @entity5 cells to down-regulate DCs, with a focus on @entity420 , and also discuss a possibility to use DCs for immunotherapeutic approaches. Indeed, DCs represent a promising tool for developing new immunotherapeutic approaches for @entity5 treatment including @entity420 . It has been reported to achieve effective DC-mediated immune responses by raising anti- @entity5 cytotoxic T cell responses against @entity5 antigens through loading DCs with total @entity5 RNA. However, more studies should be performed in order to understand a precise role in @entity5 -induced mechanisms of DC suppression in @entity355 / @entity420 . Likely, these mechanisms should involve general carcinogenic and @entity420 -specific pathways.

title: Dendritic Cells in XXXX : The Currently Available Information and Possibilities to use Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapeutic Approaches.

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ['BE', "Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['multiple cancer', 'tumor', 'cancer of the esophagus', 'cancer condition', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity5072 :: ('MESH:D000796', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['acidic gastrointestinal reflux']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['EAC', 'Esophageal adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['Esophageal Adenocarcinoma']


abstract: The results are presented of a prospective study of the course of 283 spinal cord-injured @entity1 who were consecutively admitted to five @entity130 centers participating in the Comprehensive Central @entity4215 Centers' program of the National Institutes of Health. Of the 283 @entity1 , 14 deteriorated neurologically during acute hospital management. In 12 of the 14, the decline in neurological function could be associated with a specific management event, and in nine of these 12 the injury involved the cervical cord. Nine of the 14 @entity1 who deteriorated had cervical injuries, three had @entity1566 , and two had thoracolumbar junction injuries. Management intervention was identified as the cause of deterioration in four of 134 @entity1 undergoing operative intervention, in three of 60 with skeletal traction application, in two of 68 with halo vest application, in two of 56 undergoing Stryker frame rotation, and in one of 57 undergoing @entity717 . Early surgery on the cervical spine when @entity1566 is present appears hazardous, since each of the three @entity1 with a cervical @entity1566 who deteriorated was operated on within the first 5 days. No such deterioration was observed following surgery performed from the 6th day on. In two other @entity1 , deterioration did not appear to be related to management but was a direct product of the underlying disease or of systemic complications. Deterioration following hospitalization for @entity1566 is relatively uncommon--4.9% in this large series. In most instances, decline in function could be attributed to specific management procedures. These changes must not be interpreted as representing failure to provide optimal care but rather should be seen as the inevitable product of an attempt to manage @entity1 with spinal cord and column injuries, many of which are clearly unstable.

title: Deterioration following XXXX . A multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity4215 :: ('MESH:D020196', 'Disease') :: ['Nervous System Injury']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic cord injuries', 'cord injury', 'spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['rotobed rotation']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect of the XEN140 microfistula gel stent implant for the surgical treatment of @entity1538 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-nine eyes of 49 @entity1 with an IOP>18 mm Hg and  <=35 mm Hg were studied in a prospective nonrandomized multicenter cohort trial of the surgical implantation of the XEN140 implant in @entity1 with @entity1538 . Complete success was defined as a postoperative IOP <=18 mm Hg with >= 20% reduction in IOP at 12 months without any @entity726 medications. Failure was defined as @entity227 or worse, need for additional @entity726 surgery, or <20% reduction of IOP from baseline. RESULTS: The average age was 64.3 (28.1 to 86.9) years old. Twenty-one eyes had prior failed trabeculectomy with @entity1138 surgery. IOP at 12 months decreased from a mean of 23.1 (  4.1) mm Hg to 14.7 (  3.7) mm Hg for a 36.4% reduction in IOP from baseline. The number of @entity1 at 12 months who achieved an IOP <=18 mm Hg and >= 20% reduction in IOP was 40 (89%). The number of @entity1 who achieved an IOP <=18 mm Hg and >= 20% reduction in IOP without antiglaucoma medications was 18 (40%). CONCLUSIONS: The XEN140 gel stent lowers IOP with few complications when implanted for the surgical treatment of @entity1538 .

title: Early Clinical Results of a Novel Ab Interno Gel Stent for the Surgical Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['vision loss of light perceptions vision']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity1538 :: (MESH:D005902,Disease) :: ['Open-angle Glaucoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epigenetic complexes control various pathways within the cells. Their abnormalities can be involved in the initiation and the progression of different types of @entity5 . Nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) is an epigenetic complex that comprises several subunits such as @entity54918 . Although @entity54918 is reported as a @entity5 suppressor in some of the @entity1583 , its function is still challenging in other @entity5 . Our study aimed at investigating the role of @entity54918 in different types of @entity5 . We conducted a meta-analysis of @entity54918 in @entity1 @entity5 at genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic levels. For this purpose, we acquired the data from several databases, and tried to statistically integrate and analyze the data in order to find the potential role of @entity54918 in different @entity5 . The results demonstrated that although @entity54918 has been previously known as a @entity5 suppressor gene, it was remarkably overexpressed in many @entity0 . Notably, @entity54918 was under-expressed in a few types of @entity5 , including @entity5 . Moreover, the results indicated that although the mutation rate of @entity54918 is relatively low, it is mutated in some @entity5 types.   In addition, our data for 40 epigenetic genes showed that missense and nonsense mutations were associated with overexpression and under-expression, respectively. Our results suggest that @entity54918 may function as an oncogenic factor in several types of @entity5 . We also hypothesize that @entity54918 may also play its role in a tissue-specific manner. Our findings suggest further investigations regarding the exact role of @entity54918 in @entity5 types.

title: The potential role of XXXX as an oncogene: a genotranscriptomic/proteomic meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['cancer types such as breast and colorectal cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'esophageal tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic malignancies']

answer: @entity54918 :: (84295,Gene) :: ['PHF6']


abstract: One hundred eight-five @entity1 with potentially operable @entity2 were prospectively evaluated by computed tomographic scanning of the mediastinum and upper part of the abdomen. Mediastinal lymph node size was correlated with operative and pathologic findings. There was close agreement between computed tomographic estimate of size and operative measurements. Mediastinal lymph nodes that were larger than 2.0 cm were positive for @entity5 in 69.6%, nodes between 1.1 and 1.9 cm contained metastases in 31.8%, and nodes less than 1.0 cm were positive in only 2.7%. The cell type, T status, and location of the @entity5 did not influence these findings: A node less than 1.0 cm with a T3 lesion had the same probability of being abnormal as with a T1 lesion, although predictably, those @entity1 with @entity5 had a greater likelihood of having nodes larger than 2.0 cm. The presence of @entity55 did not increase the prevalence of enlarged, histologically normal nodes. Asymptomatic adrenal metastases were present in 3.2% of @entity1 with otherwise operable disease and were suggested only by the computed tomographic scan. @entity1 with mediastinal nodes less than 1.0 cm probably do not need preresection mediastinal exploration. Those with nodes larger than 2.0 cm should not be considered unresectable without pathologic confirmation, even in large @entity5 , in view of the 30.4% negativity rate. The computed tomographic scan is useful in depicting and localizing enlarged mediastinal nodes but cannot be used as a substitute for pathologic examination.

title: Prospective computed tomographic scanning in the staging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'T3 and central tumors', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['bronchogenic cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity519 -inducible factor (HIF) family has three distinct members in most vertebrates. All three HIFs consist of a unique and @entity26 -labile a subunit and a common and stable b subunit. While @entity7738 and HIF-2 function as master regulators of the transcriptional response to @entity519 , much less is known about HIF-3. The @entity19249 gene gives rise to multiple @entity19249 variants due to the utilization of different promoters, different transcription initiation sites, and alternative splicing. These @entity19249 variants are expressed in different tissues, at different developmental stages, and that they are differentially regulated by @entity519 and other factors. Recent studies suggest that different @entity19249 variants have different and even opposite functions. There is strong evidence that full-length @entity19249 protein functions as an @entity26 -regulated transcription activator and it activates a unique transcriptional program in response to @entity519 . Many @entity19249 target genes have been identified. While some short @entity19249 variants act as dominant negative regulators of @entity7738 /2a actions, other @entity19249 variants can inhibit @entity7738 /2a actions by competing for the common HIF-b. There are also a number of @entity19249 variants yet to be explored. Future studies of these naturally occurring @entity19249 variants will provide new and important insights into HIF biology and may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies.

title: XXXX -inducible factor 3 biology: Complexities and emerging themes.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['Hypoxia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the breast, @entity2282 is expressed by myoepithelial cells (MECs), and apocrine @entity4648 has also been mentioned as being positive with this marker. Apocrine lesions have been explored for the expression of @entity2282 . METHODS: The apocrine lesions studied included 11 cysts, 6 cases of apocrine adenosis, 2 of apocrine @entity4648 or @entity1373 in @entity1185 , 13 @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) and invasive @entity189 (14 ductal and 4 lobular). RESULTS: Benign apocrine lesions showed complete or partial luminal @entity2282 staining, although most cases included parts without staining, and 2 lesions were completely negative. The MECs were often but not always positive. Nine of the 13 cases of apocrine @entity3821 displayed no luminal staining, but 4 demonstrated very focal luminal positivity. The MECs around the @entity3821 showed a spectrum of staining from nil to strong and complete. Only 4 invasive @entity189 demonstrated luminal/membranous staining. Cytoplasmic @entity2282 positivity was seen focally in 4 invasive @entity5 and in 3 @entity3821 . CONCLUSION: @entity2282 positivity is luminal/membranous in most benign apocrine lesions, the staining being nonuniversal and sometimes focal. Analogous staining in apocrine @entity5 seems rarer in @entity3821 and even rarer in invasive @entity189 , but atypical cytoplasmic positivity may also occur. @entity2282 is not an ideal myoepithelial marker in apocrine lesions.

title: XXXX Immunohistochemical Expression in Apocrine Lesions of the Breast.

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinomas in situ', 'DCIS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papilloma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas', 'apocrine carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['metaplasia']

answer: @entity2282 :: (4311,Gene) :: ['CD10']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose: To correlate key inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokines from undiluted vitreous fluid of treatment-na  ve @entity1 with central @entity2994 (CRVO) with SD-OCT parameters. Methods: Thirty-five @entity1 (age 71.1 years, 24 phakic, 30 non-ischaemic) underwent intravitreal combination therapy, including single-site 23-gauge core vitrectomy. Twenty-eight samples from @entity1 with idiopathic, non-uveitis floaterectomy served as controls. Levels of @entity650 ( @entity650 ), @entity2842 ( @entity2842 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 -A) were correlated with @entity227 (logMar), category of CRVO (ischaemic or non-ischaemic) and morphological parameters, such as @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ), thickness of @entity2788 (Tneuro), extent of @entity1713 ( @entity1713 ) and disintegrity of the IS/ @entity3012 and others. Results: Mean @entity650 was 64.7   pg/ml (SD      115.8), mean @entity2842 1015.7   pg/ml (     970.1), and mean @entity7 278.4   pg/ml (     512.8), which was significantly higher than the control values of @entity650 6.2        3.4   pg/ml (p   =   0.06), @entity2842 253.2        73.5   pg/ml (p   <   0.0000001) and @entity7 7.0        4.9   pg/ml (p   <   0.0006), respectively. All cytokines correlated highly with one another (correlation coefficient r   =   0.82 for @entity650 and @entity2842 ; r   =   0.68 for @entity650 and @entity7 ; r   =   0.64 for @entity2842 and @entity7 ). @entity650 correlated significantly with @entity1020 , TRT, @entity1713 , dIS/ @entity3012 , and dELM. @entity2842 correlated significantly with @entity1713 , dIS/ @entity3012 , and dELM. @entity7 did not correlate with changes in SD-OCT, while it had a trend to be higher in the ischaemic versus the non-ischaemic CRVO groups (p   =   0.09). Conclusions: The inflammatory cytokines were more often correlated with morphological changes assessed by SD-OCT, whereas @entity7 did not correlate with CRVO-associated changes in SD-OCT. @entity7 inhibition alone may not be sufficient to decrease the inflammatory response in CRVO therapy.

title: [Correlation from Undiluted Vitreous Cytokines of Untreated Central XXXX with Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual acuity']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF', 'VEGF-A']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['serous retinal detachment', 'SRT']

entities_list: @entity2994 :: ('MESH:D012170', 'Disease') :: ['retinal vein occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['MCP-1', 'monocyte chemoattractant protein-1']

entities_list: @entity2788 :: ('MESH:D015785', 'Disease') :: ['neurosensory retina']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['CMT', 'central macular thickness']

answer: @entity2994 :: (MESH:D012170,Disease) :: ['Retinal Vein Occlusion']


abstract: RATIONALE: Surgical lung biopsy is often required for a confident multidisciplinary diagnosis of @entity2416 ( @entity2416 ). Alternative, less-invasive biopsy methods, such as @entity358 ( @entity358 ), are highly desirable. OBJECTIVES: To address the impact of @entity358 on diagnostic confidence in the multidisciplinary diagnosis of @entity2416 . METHODS: In this cross-sectional study we selected 117 @entity1 with fibrotic @entity401 without a typical @entity2416 pattern on high-resolution computed tomography. All cases underwent lung biopsies: 58 were @entity358 , and 59 were surgical lung biopsy (SLB). Two clinicians, two radiologists, and two pathologists sequentially reviewed clinical-radiologic findings and biopsy results, recording at each step in the process their diagnostic impressions and confidence levels. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We observed a major increase in diagnostic confidence after the addition of @entity358 , similar to SLB (from 29 to 63%, P   =   0.0003 and from 30 to 65%, P   =   0.0016 of high confidence @entity2416 diagnosis, in the @entity358 group and SLB group, respectively). The overall interobserver agreement in @entity2416 diagnosis was similar for both approaches ( @entity358 overall kappa, 0.96; SLB overall kappa, 0.93). @entity2416 was the most frequent diagnosis (50 and 39% in the @entity358 and SLB group, respectively; P   =   0.23). After the addition of histopathologic information, 17% of cases in the @entity358 group and 19% of cases in the SLB group, mostly idiopathic nonspecific @entity401 and @entity56 , were reclassified as @entity2416 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity358 is a new biopsy method that has a meaningful impact on diagnostic confidence in the multidisciplinary diagnosis of @entity401 and may prove useful in the diagnosis of @entity2416 . This study provides a robust rationale for future studies investigating the diagnostic accuracy of @entity358 compared with SLB.

title: Bronchoscopic Lung Cryobiopsy Increases Diagnostic Confidence in the Multidisciplinary Diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['usual interstitial pneumonia', 'IPF', 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['bronchoscopic lung cryobiopsy', 'BLC']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease', 'interstitial pneumonia']

answer: @entity2416 :: (MESH:D054990,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity44516 are complex phenolic polymers with limited industrial uses. To identify new applications of @entity44516 , this study aims to evaluate the conifer @entity285 lignin as a potential antioxidant for @entity9436 , using the petroleum asphalt as an example. Using the @entity74 ( @entity74 ) method, the evaluation is accomplished by tracking the generation of critical species in a lignin-asphalt mixture under a simulated oxidative condition. The generation of new species was detected using nuclear magnetic resonance and four analytical methods including density of states analysis, highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital analyses, bonding and energy level analysis, and electrostatic potential energy analysis. Results of the analyses show that the chemical radicals of @entity505 , @entity1568 and @entity599 generated in the oxidation process could enhance the agglomeration and/or decomposition tendency of asphalt. The effectiveness of @entity44516 as an antioxidant depends on their chemical compositions. @entity44516 with a HOMO-LUMO gap larger than the HOMO-LUMO gap of the @entity7294 system to be protected, such as the conifer @entity285 lignin to protect petroleum asphalt as was studied in this work, do not demonstrate beneficial anti-oxidation capacity. @entity44516 , however, may be effective oxidants for @entity7294 systems with a larger HOMO-LUMO gap. In addition, @entity44516 may contain more polar sites than the @entity9436 to be protected; thus the @entity44516 ' hydrophobicity and compatibility with the host @entity9436 need to be well evaluated. The developed @entity74 model provides a useful tool for developing antioxidants for generic @entity9436 .

title: An XXXX analysis of lignin as a potential antioxidant for @entity9436 .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity9436 :: ('MESH:D006838', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocarbons']

entities_list: @entity7294 :: ('CHEBI:24632', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocarbon']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['ab initio molecular dynamics', 'AIMD']

entities_list: @entity44516 :: ('MESH:D008031', 'Chemical') :: ['Lignins', 'lignins']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['ab initio molecular dynamics']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity44516 are complex phenolic polymers with limited industrial uses. To identify new applications of @entity44516 , this study aims to evaluate the conifer @entity285 lignin as a potential antioxidant for @entity9436 , using the petroleum asphalt as an example. Using the @entity74 ( @entity74 ) method, the evaluation is accomplished by tracking the generation of critical species in a lignin-asphalt mixture under a simulated oxidative condition. The generation of new species was detected using nuclear magnetic resonance and four analytical methods including density of states analysis, highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital analyses, bonding and energy level analysis, and electrostatic potential energy analysis. Results of the analyses show that the chemical radicals of @entity505 , @entity1568 and @entity599 generated in the oxidation process could enhance the agglomeration and/or decomposition tendency of asphalt. The effectiveness of @entity44516 as an antioxidant depends on their chemical compositions. @entity44516 with a HOMO-LUMO gap larger than the HOMO-LUMO gap of the @entity7294 system to be protected, such as the conifer @entity285 lignin to protect petroleum asphalt as was studied in this work, do not demonstrate beneficial anti-oxidation capacity. @entity44516 , however, may be effective oxidants for @entity7294 systems with a larger HOMO-LUMO gap. In addition, @entity44516 may contain more polar sites than the @entity9436 to be protected; thus the @entity44516 ' hydrophobicity and compatibility with the host @entity9436 need to be well evaluated. The developed @entity74 model provides a useful tool for developing antioxidants for generic @entity9436 .

title: An @entity74 analysis of lignin as a potential antioxidant for XXXX .

answer: @entity9436 :: (MESH:D006838,Chemical) :: ['hydrocarbons']


abstract: The long-term functional results of splinting a collapsing major airway with a silastic Marlex mesh prosthesis were assessed. Six @entity1 in whom follow-up has been longer than 4 years (mean 5.3 years) were studied. The prosthetic semirigid splints had been implanted in five @entity1 with @entity825 and one with @entity17593 . Mean age at the time of airway splinting was 4 years (range 6 months to 8 years). At their last clinical evaluation, all six @entity1 were leading normal active lives. Three had mild respiratory symptoms not related to the splinting. The only long-term complication was a serous effusion that developed around the splint and compressed the @entity825 in one @entity1 2 years postoperatively. Tracheal fluoroscopy, barium swallow, and computed tomography scans of the @entity825 in five @entity1 demonstrated satisfactory tracheal caliber without airway collapse during expiration and coughing. Pulmonary function testing showed a mild increase in airway resistance in one @entity1 who had had a tracheostomy. These results demonstrate that the application of composite synthetic graft to a segment of a malacic airway in young @entity1 can provide long-term relief from airway collapse without compromising airway growth.

title: Long-term functional results of prosthetic airway splinting in @entity825 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity17593 :: ('MESH:D055091', 'Disease') :: ['bronchomalacia']

entities_list: @entity825 :: ('MESH:D055090', 'Disease') :: ['tracheomalacia', 'trachea']

answer: @entity17593 :: (MESH:D055091,Disease) :: ['bronchomalacia']


abstract: The long-term functional results of splinting a collapsing major airway with a silastic Marlex mesh prosthesis were assessed. Six @entity1 in whom follow-up has been longer than 4 years (mean 5.3 years) were studied. The prosthetic semirigid splints had been implanted in five @entity1 with @entity825 and one with @entity17593 . Mean age at the time of airway splinting was 4 years (range 6 months to 8 years). At their last clinical evaluation, all six @entity1 were leading normal active lives. Three had mild respiratory symptoms not related to the splinting. The only long-term complication was a serous effusion that developed around the splint and compressed the @entity825 in one @entity1 2 years postoperatively. Tracheal fluoroscopy, barium swallow, and computed tomography scans of the @entity825 in five @entity1 demonstrated satisfactory tracheal caliber without airway collapse during expiration and coughing. Pulmonary function testing showed a mild increase in airway resistance in one @entity1 who had had a tracheostomy. These results demonstrate that the application of composite synthetic graft to a segment of a malacic airway in young @entity1 can provide long-term relief from airway collapse without compromising airway growth.

title: Long-term functional results of prosthetic airway splinting in XXXX and @entity17593 .

answer: @entity825 :: (MESH:D055090,Disease) :: ['tracheomalacia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma is one of the most common @entity102 in @entity1 . The unpredictability, frequency, and health risks associated with acute @entity565 attacks have a profound impact on the daily lives of affected @entity1 and their families. Understanding the experiences of primary caregivers may help nurses provide better care to @entity1 with @entity565 . PURPOSE: This study explores the experience of primary caregivers in providing care to @entity1 with @entity565 . METHODS: The study used exploratory and descriptive research methods and collected data using a qualitative research interview approach. Seventeen primary caregivers of @entity1 with @entity565 who visited the @entity566 clinics of two medical centers and one regional hospital in northern Taiwan participated in the study. An interview guide with a semistructured questionnaire was used, and verbatim transcripts of the audiotape-recorded interviews were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS: The findings are described in three themes covering 10 categories. These themes and categories include feelings of uncertainty during illness (disease as perception related, lack of information), feelings of chaos and instability (worry, fear, frustration, helplessness, physical distress), and social tension and family conflict (disorientation of daily activity and burden of care, economic burden, family tensions and disagreements). CONCLUSIONS: Negative experiences with @entity565 care and the unpredictability of the disease outcomes impair the ability of caregivers to adapt successfully to their caregiving role and encourage perceptions that they cannot cope with this illness. Better understanding the caregiver experience may assist healthcare providers to better target support to these caregivers so that they are better able to care for @entity1 with @entity565 .

title: The Stress of Caring for XXXX With Asthma: A Qualitative Study of Primary Caregivers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: We attempted to identify all cases of @entity43 which occurred in two health districts in the UK during a 56 month period. The crude incidence was 8.9 cases/100,000 @entity1 . One hundred and twenty cases and 119 age-matched controls were interviewed to identify risk factors for this disease. In addition, 137 mothers completed postal questionnaires. Cases were older at leaving school, had higher social class occupations, were more often unmarried or married late, and had fewer @entity1 than controls. Oral contraceptive use was similar for both. Cases reported more exercise at all ages, and more alcohol consumption 1 year before diagnosis. Cases' mothers reported slightly less @entity390 during pregnancy than controls' mothers, and none of the mothers reported exogenous hormone exposure during the index pregnancy. In this study benign @entity43 strongly resemble @entity5 in their age distribution in the population. They also resemble @entity5 in their association with educational status and marital status. There was, however, no similarity regarding prenatal hormone exposure. The increased risks associated with exercise and @entity167 use were unexpected; we need further information about how these exposures affect the ovary, and whether they affect the testis.

title: XXXX : a population-based case-control study.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian teratomas', 'benign ovarian teratoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['testicular cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Benign ovarian teratomas']


abstract: We describe four @entity1 with bilateral @entity1143 progressing to diffuse @entity456 for which we have been unable to find any evidence of an infective, embolic or occupational aetiology. In order to avoid @entity911 with diffuse @entity456 attributable to @entity1355 -related disease, the term cryptogenic bilateral fibrosing @entity5641 is suggested. The @entity1 differed from those with @entity456 due to @entity1355 in that none of them gave a history of @entity1355 exposure, all were ill, presented with @entity662 which was not always pleuritic in character, and had dyspnoea, cough or malaise. They had @entity1143 of variable size, @entity456 radiographically and raised sedimentation rates. Computed tomography revealed bilateral extensive @entity456 in all cases. All four were HLA B44 positive. Histology showed that in all cases the pleura was thickened by fibrous tissue. Both layers were affected and the pleural space was often obliterated. Otherwise the pleural surface was covered by organizing fibrin. Focal collections of lymphocytes were often present when the fibrous tissue abutted on the subpleural fat. No @entity1355 bodies were seen in any of the cases and in one @entity1 electron microscopic fibre counts showed no excess of @entity1355 . Pleural decortication was successful in three @entity1 . In one of these, contralateral disease was successfully controlled with corticosteroids, but the fourth @entity1 has not improved on @entity288 .

title: Cryptogenic bilateral fibrosing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity5641 :: ('MESH:D010998', 'Disease') :: ['pleuritis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity456 :: ('MESH:D010995', 'Disease') :: ['pleural thickening', 'pleural shadowing']

answer: @entity5641 :: (MESH:D010998,Disease) :: ['pleuritis']


abstract: Sixteen @entity1 with @entity14687 were skin tested with their own serum, IO with autologous plasma and five with serum that had been heated to 56 degrees C to inactivate complement. Eight showed a weal and flare response to whole serum, four to plasma and five to heat-treated serum. All serum-positive @entity1 showed the same response to their own plasma and to heated serum, indicating that the mediator concerned is not generated by clotting and is not dependent on a functioning complement pathway. Three control subjects were negative to autologous serum, plasma and heated serum. @entity2631 was demonstrated in five serum-positive @entity1 on reinjection of the same site with autologous serum on 3 consecutive days. This raises the possibility that the serological mediator may be acting by mast cell degranulation or directly on receptors in blood vessels and that repeated injections could induce a change in the number of receptors. Passage of whole autologous serum from four serum-positive @entity1 through ultrafiltration membranes showed that fractions with a molecular weight of less than 30,000 daltons were still able to produce a positive skin test response, but those less than 1000 daltons were not. All serum fractions from two serum-negative @entity1 and three normal controls were negative. Whole autologous serum from five serum-positive @entity1 and two control subjects were separated by column chromatography. On skin testing with pooled fractions, the greatest response was produced by fractions of 10,000-15,000 daltons in the serum-positive @entity1 , but there was no response in the controls.

title: Preliminary identification of a low molecular weight serological mediator in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14687 :: ('MESH:D007566', 'Disease') :: ['chronic idiopathic urticaria']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['Local tachyphylaxis']

answer: @entity14687 :: (MESH:D007566,Disease) :: ['chronic idiopathic urticaria']


abstract: Purpose. In this report, we investigated the protective mechanism of @entity42614 ( @entity35777 ) in vitro and in vivo which could be involved in endothelial @entity6708 -dependent protein kinase (PKG), @entity51180 ( @entity51180 ) pathway, and vascular endothelium dysfunction (EtD). Method. @entity1 brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) with @entity519 reoxygenation (HR) treatment and @entity35 with @entity2806 reperfusion (CIR) treatment were applied. Protein and mRNA expression of PKG, @entity51180 , and p- @entity51180 were evaluated by Western blot and RT-PCR methods. Vascular EtD was assessed by using wire myography to determine endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in isolated @entity35 basilar artery (BA). Result. In cultured HBMECs, @entity35777 (0.1, 1, and 10    M) increased cell viability, mRNA, protein level, and phosphorylative activity of PKG and @entity51180 against @entity519 . In HR model of BA, @entity35777 increased protein level of P- @entity51180 . In @entity35 CIR model, wire myography demonstrated that @entity35777 (45 and 90   mg/kg, i.v.) significantly reduced @entity63 size by partially restoring the endothelium dependent vasodilation of BA; PKG inhibitor @entity73303 (50    g/kg, i.v.) reversed this protection of @entity35777 in CIR @entity35 . Conclusion. @entity35777 protects against cerebral vascular EtD through endothelial PKG pathway activation.

title: XXXX Reduces Endothelium Dysfunction through the PKG-I Pathway.

entities_list: @entity42614 :: ('MESH:C484876', 'Chemical') :: ['scutellarin']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity51180 :: ('361517(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein', 'VASP']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['HR injury', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity42614 :: (MESH:C484876,Chemical) :: ['Scutellarin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to clarify the usefulness of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) for pre-operative evaluation of @entity418 , especially in terms of regional lymph node status. METHODS: Medical records of 93 consecutive cases from July 2007 to October 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. All @entity1 underwent curative and complete esophagectomies for @entity418 . We compared pre-operative maximum standard uptake values (SUVmax) of @entity5 and regional @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) with other variables ( @entity1030 , history of previous other primary @entity5 , gender, differentiation, and neoadjuvant therapy). In addition, the SUVmax of @entity5 and LNs were analyzed with pathologic findings. RESULTS: There was no significant difference of each @entity5 and @entity1600 SUVmax according to factors including @entity1030 , age, history of previous other @entity5 , differentiation, and gender. Pre-operative evaluations by PET-CT were not accurate ( @entity5 sensitivity 76.4%, specificity 25%; @entity1600 sensitivity 45.2%, specificity 54.8%). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that @entity1600 @entity3 could not be appropriately diagnosed with SUVmax (P   =   0.871). There was no difference in SUVmax between pathologically positive and negative @entity1600 subgroups. Tumor SUVmax correlated with the progression of @entity418 in @entity1 without neoadjuvant therapy (P   <   0.001). However, @entity1600 SUVmax had no correlation with overall pathologic stage. After neoadjuvant therapy, there were significant decreases in SUVmax in both pathologically positive and negative @entity1600 subgroups (P   =   0.043, P   =   0.008). CONCLUSION: Surgery should not be withheld in N-stage according to PET-CT findings and carefully considered in conjunction with other conditions.

title: Usefulness of positron emission tomography-computed tomography in pre-operative evaluation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancer', 'esophageal tumors']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['LN', 'lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'intra-thoracic esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lung disease', 'chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['intra-thoracic esophageal cancer']


abstract: Newborn screening for @entity3458 has been recommended as a method of decreasing @entity1 mortality. However, its effectiveness in accomplishing this has not been reliably measured. To help determine the effectiveness, 10 years of experience in newborn screening have been summarized. The effects of early @entity1 enrollment in a comprehensive treatment program on long-term morbidity and mortality are reported. From 1975 to 1985, 84,663 newborns were screened regardless of race or ethnic background. Bart's hemoglobin was present in 5%, hemoglobin AS in 2.6%, and hemoglobin AC in 0.75%. Excluding Bart's, approximately 3.6% of all newborns were carriers for @entity8453 . @entity3458 occurred in 1:951 births (58 hemoglobin SS, 25 hemoglobin FSC, three hemoglobin S-beta +- @entity2395 , and three hemoglobin S-beta @entity2395 ). In addition, one in every 4,233 newborns had a clinically significant @entity2395 (eight hemoglobin FE, ten hemoglobin F only, two hemoglobin H). Compared with other newborn screening programs in California, ( @entity6750 , 1:3,849; @entity814 1:22,474, @entity1624 1:74,103), @entity8453 are the most prevalent @entity66 . Eighty-one newborns with @entity3458 were followed for 7.2 years. @entity1 experienced 513 hospitalizations, including 13 episodes of @entity295 with or without @entity693 and ten acute sequestration crises. The overall mortality rate for @entity1 with @entity3458 diagnosed in the newborn period was 1.8%. In comparison, the clinical course of 64 @entity1 with @entity3458 diagnosed after 3 months of age and followed for an average of 9.4 years was analyzed. Five of these @entity1 died. In two of these, @entity3458 was diagnosed at the time of the @entity204 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Newborn screening for XXXX : effect on mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['congenital disease']

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['Sickle cell disease', 'sickle cell anemia', 'sickle cell disease']

entities_list: @entity814 :: ('MESH:D010661', 'Disease') :: ['phenylketonuria']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity8453 :: ('MESH:D006453', 'Disease') :: ['hemoglobinopathy', 'hemoglobinopathies']

entities_list: @entity6750 :: ('MESH:D003409', 'Disease') :: ['congenital hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1624 :: ('MESH:D005693', 'Disease') :: ['galactosemia']

entities_list: @entity2395 :: ('MESH:D013789', 'Disease') :: ['thalassemia syndrome', 'O-thalassemia', 'thalassemia']

answer: @entity3458 :: (MESH:D000755,Disease) :: ['sickle cell disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the 7(th) edition of the TNM classification of @entity5 , the prognosis for pT4-M1a @entity5 is better than for stage pIIIB. Subgroups of @entity2 @entity1 who underwent incomplete resection (R1/R2) have a favorable prognosis. This study compares the prognosis between cases of invisible local residual disease and intrathoracic disseminated pT4-M1aIV. METHODS: @entity1 characteristics and histological and molecular profiles were retrospectively collected for @entity2 @entity1 who underwent resection intended to be curative but were accidentally incomplete. All @entity1 were divided into either a local residual group or an intrathoracic disseminated pT4M1a group. Progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models. RESULTS: In total, 1,483 consecutive @entity2 @entity1 receiving thoracotomies at Guangdong @entity2 Institute were retrospectively analyzed. Fifty-eight @entity1 receiving incomplete resections (R1/R2) were enrolled, including 38 @entity1 with @entity5 (2.6% of all @entity1 ) and 20 @entity1 with disseminated pM1a (1.3%). @entity1 characteristics, and histological and molecular profiles of the two groups were different. Compared to the local residual group, the disseminated pT4-M1a group contained more females (P=0.002), more @entity1 younger than 60 years of age (P=0.028), more non-smokers (P=0.037), more @entity420 (20/20 vs. 20/38, P<0.001), more @entity420 with lepidic pattern (11/20 vs. 4/38, P<0.001), higher @entity787 ( @entity787 ) levels (P=0.06), higher @entity470 ( @entity470 ) mutation rates (16/20 vs. 7/38, P<0.001), a higher R2/R1 resection ratio (P=0.013), a higher advanced stage IV/IIIB ratio (P<0.001), but fewer lymph node @entity3 (P=0.013). Median PFS for the local residual and disseminated pT4-M1a groups was 9.0 and 18.0 months, respectively [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.285-16.715; P =0.099]. Median @entity1349 was 15.0 and 45.0 months, respectively (95% CI, 18.972-39.028; P=0.001). Cox regression analysis revealed that group (local residual vs. disseminated pT4-M1a) was the only independent prognostic factor (P=0.044) for @entity1349 . CONCLUSIONS: Accidental invisible intrathoracic disseminated pT4-M1a may be a distinct @entity2 subtype with a favorable prognosis. The prolonged PFS and @entity1349 might reflect the natural history of this distinct subtype, together with a favorable response to @entity470 @entity4149 kinase inhibitors ( @entity470 -TKI). For asymptomatic and slow-growing accidental pT4-M1a disease, the role of a wait-and-see strategy and the appropriate timing of systemic treatment require further investigation.

title: Accidental invisible intrathoracic disseminated pT4-M1a: a distinct XXXX with favorable prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors', 'local residual cancer', 'stage IV lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFR']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer', 'Lung Cancer']

entities_list: @entity787 :: ('1084', 'Gene') :: ['CEA', 'carcinoembryonic antigen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To review the current role of laparoscopy and robot-assisted laparoscopy for managing @entity1791 . RESULTS: The contemporary indications for laparoscopic stone management are: anatomical variations in location or shape of the kidney ( @entity8 , @entity8 and @entity8 ); coexisting pathologies, e.g. @entity4145 ; and stones in a renal unit with lower @entity1695 . The laparoscopic approach allows the simultaneous management of both the pathologies. Symptomatic stones in diverticula not amenable to endourological intervention can be treated with laparoscopy. Large impacted pelvic and ureteric calculi with a functioning renal unit are an indication for laparoscopic ureterolithotomy or pyelolithotomy. This review of current reports suggests that in a selected group of @entity1 with complex stone disease the laparoscopic approach offers good success rates with minimal complications. There are few reports of robotic procedures in stone disease but existing data suggest that it is feasible. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic surgery is effective for @entity1290 and offers excellent stone clearance rates with minimal morbidity. Laparoscopic surgery is complementary in managing these stones. Robot-assisted laparoscopic technique of urinary tract stone management is in its early stage of implementation and randomised trials that compare robot assisted outcomes with other minimally invasive techniques are needed.

title: Laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgery in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic kidney', 'malrotated kidney', 'horseshoe kidney']

entities_list: @entity1695 :: ('MESH:D014517', 'Disease') :: ['ureteric obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['complex renal stones']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urinary lithiasis']

entities_list: @entity4145 :: ('MESH:C537373', 'Disease') :: ['pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction']

answer: @entity1791 :: (MESH:D052878,Disease) :: ['urinary lithiasis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of using commercially available (SIS) grafts for repairing @entity2650 . Collagen-based acellular matrices, including SIS and bladder submucosa matrix, have been used to repair urethral strictures, with varying success, and @entity1 with @entity2650 and with inadequate or no genital skin need a substitute tissue for urethroplasty. @entity1 AND METHODS: This pilot study included 12 @entity1 (mean age 8  years, range 1.5-15) with @entity2650 (distal in six, mid-shaft in four and proximal in two). They underwent a repair with four layers of prefabricated SIS as an onlay graft. The outcome was assessed for cosmetic appearance, urinary stream and the postvoid residual volume. The chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to assess the relationship between preoperative factors and the outcome of the repair with SIS grafting. RESULTS: The mean (range) follow-up was 23 (6-36) months. Nine @entity1 ultimately voided normally, with a good cosmetic appearance and no postvoid residual urine. Six @entity1 had a successful repair with no further intervention, whilst three had small fistulae that were treated by simple closure. In three @entity1 the graft failed, by complete disruption or stricture. Graft infection adversely affected the outcome of SIS grafting. CONCLUSIONS: The prefabricated SIS graft can be used as an alternative substitute for urethral reconstruction when genital skin is insufficient or lacking, as in circumcised @entity1 or a @entity2650 repair. Graft infection is the chief reason for graft failure and should be prevented. Further studies with more @entity1 are needed to confirm these preliminary results.

title: The use of small intestinal submucosa graft for XXXX repair: Pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['hypospadias', 'repeat hypospadias']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['hypospadias']


abstract: Introduction. Few studies have examined the association between the PR interval (PRi) and subclinical @entity65 measures. Methods and Results. The Multiethnic Study of @entity731 (MESA) is a population-based study of 6814 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 45-84 years without clinical @entity65 and 4962 had complete baseline data on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measures of LV dimension and ejection fraction and surface electrocardiogram. Linear regression models were constructed to determine the adjusted association between the PRi and measures of LV @entity64 volume, LV mass, LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes, and ejection fraction. Overall, mean age was 61.5 years, and 47.6% were male and race/ethnicity was white in 39.1%, Chinese in 13.1%, African-American in 25.7%, and Hispanic in 22.2%. The PRi ranged from 88 to 308   ms with a median value of 162   ms. As a continuous variable, every standard deviation unit (25   ms) increment in PRi was associated with a 2.00   mL (95% CI 1.52, 2.48) higher @entity64 volume, a 3.08   g (95% CI 2.30, 3.86) higher LV mass, a 1.36   g/m(2) (95% CI 0.96, 1.76) higher LV mass index, and 1.31   mL (95% CI 0.88, 1.73) higher end-systolic and 3.31   mL (95% CI 2.58, 4.03) higher end-diastolic volumes after adjustment for all covariates. No significant association was noted between the PRi and LV ejection fraction. Conclusions. A prolonged PRi is associated with LV measures and may in part explain the link between a prolonged PRi and cardiovascular outcomes.

title: The Association between the PR Interval and Left Ventricular Measurements in the Multiethnic Study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['Atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerosis']


abstract: In @entity1 with acquired @entity340 detected by group cardiac examinations at school, we analyzed follow-up data obtained during school days as well as after graduation from senior high school. Of the 343 @entity1 followed up after graduation from senior high school up to an age range of 20-38 years (mean: 29.3 years), 18 (5.2%) died, 16 (4.7%) deteriorated, 159 (46.4%) remained unchanged, 40 (11.7%) improved, 18 (5.2%) spontaneously recovered and 30 (9.7%) were treated surgically. Of @entity1 who showed spontaneous recovery after graduation from senior high school, 16 cases (8.4%) had @entity339 and 2 (3.6%) had @entity339 . In some @entity1 , the disease type changed many years after graduation from senior high school. In particular, the appearance of stenosal lesions in the mitral or aortic valve was often delayed. The mean annual @entity204 rate for @entity1 with acquired @entity340 (age range: 6-38 years) between April 1962 and March 1983 was 0.65%. The rate peaked at the 15-17 years age range. In recent years, the fatality rate has been falling and no @entity204 are seen in younger @entity1 . In the past, the leading cause of @entity204 in juvenile @entity1 with acquired @entity340 was the recurrence of @entity4789 . For the past ten years, however, no @entity204 attributable to the recurrence of @entity4789 has been registered.

title: Follow up study of acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4789 :: ('MESH:D012213', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic fever']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral stenosis-regurgitation', 'mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular heart disease']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity340 :: (MESH:D006349,Disease) :: ['valvular heart disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective. To evaluate the forward shifting of cervical spinal cords in different segments of @entity1 with @entity2056 to determine whether the disease is self-limiting. Methods. This study was performed on 11 healthy subjects and 64 @entity1 . According to the duration, the @entity1 were divided into 5 groups ( <=1 year, 1-2 years, 2-3 years, 3-4 years, and >= 4 years). Cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of flexion and conventional position was performed. The distances between the posterior edge of the spinal cord and the cervical spinal canal (X), the anterior and posterior wall of the cervical spinal canal (Y), and the anterior-posterior (A) and the transverse diameter (B) of spinal cord cross sections were measured at different cervical spinal segments (C4 to T1). Results. In cervical flexion position, a significant increase in X/Y of C4-5 segments was found in groups 2-5, the @entity9509 and C6-7 segments in groups 1-5, and the C7-T1 segments in group 5 (P < 0.05). The degree of the increased X/Y and cervical flexion X/Y of @entity9509 segments were different among the 5 groups (P < 0.05), which was likely due to rapid increases in X/Y during the course of @entity2056 . Conclusion. The X/Y change progression indicates that @entity2056 may not be self-limiting.

title: The Quantitative Assessment of Imaging Features for the Study of XXXX Progression.

entities_list: @entity2056 :: ('MESH:C538253', 'Disease') :: ['Hirayama disease', "Hirayama's disease"]

answer: @entity2056 :: (MESH:C538253,Disease) :: ['Hirayama Disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity141 modulation in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) plays an important role in sleep-wake regulation. Calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is an important signal-transducing molecule that is activated by @entity141 . The present study investigated the effects of intracellular @entity141 /CaMKII signaling in the DRN on sleep-wake states in @entity35 . Maximum and minimum CaMKII phosphorylation was detected at Zeitgeber time 21 (ZT 21; wakefulness state) and ZT 3 (sleep state), respectively, across the light-dark rhythm in the DRN in @entity35 . Six-hour sleep deprivation significantly reduced CaMKII phosphorylation in the DRN. Microinjection of the CAMKII activation inhibitor @entity14374 (5 or 10 nmol) into the DRN suppressed wakefulness and enhanced @entity11755 ( @entity11755 ) and non-REM sleep (NREMS). Application of a high dose of @entity14374 (10 nmol) increased @entity25 ( @entity25 ) time, @entity25 bouts, the mean duration of @entity25 , the percentage of @entity25 relative to total sleep, and delta power density during NREMS. Microinjection of @entity15130 (50 nmol) in the DRN increased CaMKII phosphorylation and decreased NREMS, @entity25 , and @entity11755 . @entity14374 abolished the inhibitory effects of @entity15130 on NREMS, @entity25 , and @entity11755 . These data indicate a novel wake-promoting and sleep-suppressing role for the @entity141 /CaMKII signaling pathway in DRN neurons. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Phosphorylation of CaMKII in the XXXX dorsal raphe nucleus plays an important role in sleep-wake regulation.

entities_list: @entity11755 :: ('MESH:D020187', 'Disease') :: ['rapid-eye-movement sleep', 'REMS']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['slow-wave sleep', 'SWS']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: This study examined the effects on proximal tubule morphology of blocking single @entity4295 with paraffin wax for one day, one week, or one month in the @entity35 . Proximal tubule lumens were blocked with a short column of wax using micropuncture. Chronically blocked and control (normal) tubules were fixed by either intravascular or intraluminal perfusion of @entity3584 solution. Proximal tubule segments downstream to the wax block were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. Intraluminal @entity3737 dye, serial sectioning, and nephron microdissection techniques were used to identify @entity4295 . One day after obstruction, all proximal tubule cells downstream to the block were injured. Some recovery was seen. S1 and S2 segments showed more severe damage than S3 segments. @entity3737 , which normally is excluded from cells, entered the cytoplasm of some damaged S1-S2 cells. After one week of obstruction, the tubule appeared to have reconstituted itself, but cells were less differentiated than normal. One month after obstruction, blocked tubules were atrophied. Tubule cells were simplified and were surrounded by a thickened basement membrane. The results suggest that prolonged proximal tubule blockade produces injury and @entity194 of the proximal tubule probably due to @entity63 and interruption of normal reabsorptive activity.

title: Proximal tubule morphology after single nephron obstruction in the XXXX kidney.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

entities_list: @entity3737 :: ('MESH:D000423', 'Chemical') :: ['Alcian blue']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: 21 @entity1 with @entity3980 of at least 70% and 21 @entity1 with @entity3980 and additional intramural anterior wall @entity1188 were studied. 20 @entity1 without @entity299 or after successful transluminal coronary angioplasty and 18 @entity1 with intramural anterior wall @entity1188 after successful transluminal dilatation of the LAD (remaining stenosis maximal 30%) served as controls. The normal range of global and regional left ventricular ejection fraction response to exercise was defined based on the data of 25 further @entity1 without relevant @entity301 . Thus, a decrease in global ejection fraction and regional wall motion abnormalities were judged pathological. All @entity1 were comparable with respect to age, ejection fraction at rest and work load. @entity741 could be detected by the exercise ECG in 81% of all @entity1 without @entity1188 and in 71% of @entity1 with @entity1188 . The corresponding values for global left ventricular ejection fraction were 76% and 81%, respectively, and for regional ejection fraction 95% in both groups. No false-positive exercise ECGs were observed in the healthy controls and 2 (11%) in the corresponding group with intramural @entity1188 . The global ejection fraction was pathological in 1 (5%) healthy subject without @entity1188 and in 3 (17%) corresponding @entity1 with @entity1188 . Sectorial analysis revealed 5 and 22%, respectively. Our findings suggest that the exercise ECG has a limited sensitivity to detect @entity741 in @entity1 with isolated @entity3980 and intramural @entity583 . Radionuclide ventriculography yields pathological values more often; however, @entity2849 occur more frequently.

title: [Comparison of effort-ECG and radionuclide ventriculography in relation to the detection of XXXX in isolated stenoses of the anterior interventricular branch].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial ischemia', 'myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity3980 :: ('MESH:C535887', 'Disease') :: ['LAD-stenoses']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['false-positive results also']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['myocardial ischemia']


abstract: Symptomatic @entity2950 of the sural nerve are a rare but significant cause of @entity158 and debilitation in athletes. Presentation is usually in the form of @entity1118 and @entity809 or paresthesias of the lateral foot and ankle. Treatment traditionally ranges from conservative measures, such as removing all external compressive forces, to administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, @entity2245 , tricyclic antidepressants, antiepileptics, or topical anesthetics. This article reports a case of sural nerve entrapment in a 34-year-old male triathlete with a history of recurrent training-induced right-sided gastrocnemius strains. The @entity1 presented with @entity1183 in the right lateral foot and ankle that had persisted for 3 months, after he was treated unsuccessfully with extensive nonoperative measures, including anti-inflammatory drugs, activity modification, and a dedicated physical therapy program of stretching and strengthening. Orthopedic assessment showed worsening @entity158 with forced passive dorsiflexion and manual pressure applied over the distal aspect of the gastrocnemius. Plain radiographs showed normal findings, but in-office ultrasound imaging showed evidence of sural nerve entrapment with @entity4 and @entity2318 formation in the absence of gastrocnemius or soleus pathology. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided hydrodissection of the sural nerve at the area of symptomatic @entity4 was performed the same day. The @entity1 had complete relief of symptoms and full return to the preinjury level of participation in competitive sports. This case report shows that hydrodissection, when performed by an experienced physician, can be an effective, minimally invasive technique for neurolysis in the setting of sural nerve entrapment, resulting in improvement in clinical symptoms. [Orthopedics. 2015; 38(11):e1046-e1050.].

title: Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Hydrodissection of a Symptomatic Sural XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema', 'neuroma and neural edema']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['dysesthesias']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['neuromatous scar']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity2950 :: (MESH:D009463,Disease) :: ['Neuroma']


abstract: Cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic changes, occurring during delayed hypoperfusion following transient @entity2806 , and the influence of treatment with @entity27962 plus @entity32495 were studied in mongrel @entity235 . 10 min of transient @entity2806 was induced by bilateral clamping of both carotid and vertebral arteries. After declamping, the mean time necessary until cerebral venous @entity4095 (cvPO2) reached a value of 3.6 kPa, threshold for tissue @entity519 , was 80 min. At this time (T0), venous cerebral blood flow (vCBF) and cerebral perfusion pressure (Perf P) were below (60 and 20%, respectively) preischemic values, while cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) and @entity26 and @entity413 extraction rates increased despite a normal cerebral @entity26 consumption (CMRO2). At T0 ventilatory assistance without (control group) or with (treated group) intravenous infusion of @entity27962 plus @entity32495 was applied for 110 min. Between T0 and T110 min, 2 @entity235 died in the control group. During this period vCBF decreased by more than 60% in the control group while it slightly increased in the treated group. A strong decrease in Perf P (40%) and increase in CVR (140%) was observed in the control group while in the treated group Perf P and CVR slightly decreased (14 and 35%, respectively). CMRO2 decreased by 60% in the control group but remained within the normal range in the treated group. The fact that cvPO2 remained constantly below the initial value of 3.6 kPa in the control group and, on contrary, above this value in the group infused with @entity32495 plus @entity27962 indicates that the vCBF improvement leads to an increase in @entity26 supply and is involved in the keeping of the adequacy between flow and metabolism. Our results support the hypothesis that the @entity63 may play an important role in the acute prognosis of @entity64 . They clearly indicate that early cerebral resuscitation by infusion of @entity27962 plus @entity32495 , maintaining @entity26 availability and CBF above initial thresholds, should improve the long-term neurological outcome.

title: Curative effect of an @entity27962 - XXXX combination in the postischemic syndrome following transient @entity2806 in @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity32495 :: ('MESH:C005709', 'Chemical') :: ['raubasine']

entities_list: @entity27962 :: ('MESH:D015765', 'Chemical') :: ['almitrine']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['post-ischemic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity32495 :: (MESH:C005709,Chemical) :: ['raubasine']


abstract: Cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic changes, occurring during delayed hypoperfusion following transient @entity2806 , and the influence of treatment with @entity27962 plus @entity32495 were studied in mongrel @entity235 . 10 min of transient @entity2806 was induced by bilateral clamping of both carotid and vertebral arteries. After declamping, the mean time necessary until cerebral venous @entity4095 (cvPO2) reached a value of 3.6 kPa, threshold for tissue @entity519 , was 80 min. At this time (T0), venous cerebral blood flow (vCBF) and cerebral perfusion pressure (Perf P) were below (60 and 20%, respectively) preischemic values, while cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) and @entity26 and @entity413 extraction rates increased despite a normal cerebral @entity26 consumption (CMRO2). At T0 ventilatory assistance without (control group) or with (treated group) intravenous infusion of @entity27962 plus @entity32495 was applied for 110 min. Between T0 and T110 min, 2 @entity235 died in the control group. During this period vCBF decreased by more than 60% in the control group while it slightly increased in the treated group. A strong decrease in Perf P (40%) and increase in CVR (140%) was observed in the control group while in the treated group Perf P and CVR slightly decreased (14 and 35%, respectively). CMRO2 decreased by 60% in the control group but remained within the normal range in the treated group. The fact that cvPO2 remained constantly below the initial value of 3.6 kPa in the control group and, on contrary, above this value in the group infused with @entity32495 plus @entity27962 indicates that the vCBF improvement leads to an increase in @entity26 supply and is involved in the keeping of the adequacy between flow and metabolism. Our results support the hypothesis that the @entity63 may play an important role in the acute prognosis of @entity64 . They clearly indicate that early cerebral resuscitation by infusion of @entity27962 plus @entity32495 , maintaining @entity26 availability and CBF above initial thresholds, should improve the long-term neurological outcome.

title: Curative effect of an @entity27962 - @entity32495 combination in the postischemic syndrome following transient XXXX in @entity235 .

answer: @entity2806 :: (MESH:D002545,Disease) :: ['cerebral ischemia']


abstract: Cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic changes, occurring during delayed hypoperfusion following transient @entity2806 , and the influence of treatment with @entity27962 plus @entity32495 were studied in mongrel @entity235 . 10 min of transient @entity2806 was induced by bilateral clamping of both carotid and vertebral arteries. After declamping, the mean time necessary until cerebral venous @entity4095 (cvPO2) reached a value of 3.6 kPa, threshold for tissue @entity519 , was 80 min. At this time (T0), venous cerebral blood flow (vCBF) and cerebral perfusion pressure (Perf P) were below (60 and 20%, respectively) preischemic values, while cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) and @entity26 and @entity413 extraction rates increased despite a normal cerebral @entity26 consumption (CMRO2). At T0 ventilatory assistance without (control group) or with (treated group) intravenous infusion of @entity27962 plus @entity32495 was applied for 110 min. Between T0 and T110 min, 2 @entity235 died in the control group. During this period vCBF decreased by more than 60% in the control group while it slightly increased in the treated group. A strong decrease in Perf P (40%) and increase in CVR (140%) was observed in the control group while in the treated group Perf P and CVR slightly decreased (14 and 35%, respectively). CMRO2 decreased by 60% in the control group but remained within the normal range in the treated group. The fact that cvPO2 remained constantly below the initial value of 3.6 kPa in the control group and, on contrary, above this value in the group infused with @entity32495 plus @entity27962 indicates that the vCBF improvement leads to an increase in @entity26 supply and is involved in the keeping of the adequacy between flow and metabolism. Our results support the hypothesis that the @entity63 may play an important role in the acute prognosis of @entity64 . They clearly indicate that early cerebral resuscitation by infusion of @entity27962 plus @entity32495 , maintaining @entity26 availability and CBF above initial thresholds, should improve the long-term neurological outcome.

title: Curative effect of an XXXX - @entity32495 combination in the postischemic syndrome following transient @entity2806 in @entity235 .

answer: @entity27962 :: (MESH:D015765,Chemical) :: ['almitrine']


abstract: Cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic changes, occurring during delayed hypoperfusion following transient @entity2806 , and the influence of treatment with @entity27962 plus @entity32495 were studied in mongrel @entity235 . 10 min of transient @entity2806 was induced by bilateral clamping of both carotid and vertebral arteries. After declamping, the mean time necessary until cerebral venous @entity4095 (cvPO2) reached a value of 3.6 kPa, threshold for tissue @entity519 , was 80 min. At this time (T0), venous cerebral blood flow (vCBF) and cerebral perfusion pressure (Perf P) were below (60 and 20%, respectively) preischemic values, while cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) and @entity26 and @entity413 extraction rates increased despite a normal cerebral @entity26 consumption (CMRO2). At T0 ventilatory assistance without (control group) or with (treated group) intravenous infusion of @entity27962 plus @entity32495 was applied for 110 min. Between T0 and T110 min, 2 @entity235 died in the control group. During this period vCBF decreased by more than 60% in the control group while it slightly increased in the treated group. A strong decrease in Perf P (40%) and increase in CVR (140%) was observed in the control group while in the treated group Perf P and CVR slightly decreased (14 and 35%, respectively). CMRO2 decreased by 60% in the control group but remained within the normal range in the treated group. The fact that cvPO2 remained constantly below the initial value of 3.6 kPa in the control group and, on contrary, above this value in the group infused with @entity32495 plus @entity27962 indicates that the vCBF improvement leads to an increase in @entity26 supply and is involved in the keeping of the adequacy between flow and metabolism. Our results support the hypothesis that the @entity63 may play an important role in the acute prognosis of @entity64 . They clearly indicate that early cerebral resuscitation by infusion of @entity27962 plus @entity32495 , maintaining @entity26 availability and CBF above initial thresholds, should improve the long-term neurological outcome.

title: Curative effect of an @entity27962 - @entity32495 combination in the postischemic syndrome following transient @entity2806 in XXXX .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: We compared the response of ventricular muscle from adult and neonatal @entity35 to @entity520 . In adult muscle, @entity520 caused an initial rapid fall of developed @entity2701 to 30 +/- 5% of control (mean +/- SEM, n = 6). However, @entity2701 recovered slowly to a steady state that was 56 +/- 6% of control. In neonatal muscle, @entity520 caused a significantly smaller initial fall in @entity2701 to 43 +/- 3% (n = 8, p less than 0.05), but the @entity2701 then showed a subsequent slower fall to a steady state that was 29 +/- 4% of control, significantly less than in the adult (p less than 0.01). We have attempted to identify the mechanisms underlying these differences in response. In detergent-skinned myofibrils, reducing the pH from 7.0 to 6.5 caused a reduction in the pCa50 of 0.61 units in the adult muscle, but only 0.27 units in the neonatal ventricular muscle. Myofibrillar @entity141 sensitivity in neonatal ventricular muscle is thus less susceptible to the effects of acidic pH than that of adult muscle. Since intracellular pH decreases rapidly on application of increased external @entity515 , these results are consistent with the finding that, initially, developed @entity2701 in neonatal muscles is less sensitive to the effects of @entity520 . Sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis of myofibrillar preparations from adult and neonatal @entity35 demonstrated differences in thin filament proteins, including troponin I, which may underlie the observed differences in @entity141 sensitivity. In adult @entity35 ventricular muscles, the slow recovery of @entity2701 during @entity520 is associated with an increase in the amplitude of the @entity141 transients to 263 +/- 34% of control (n = 4).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of XXXX on ventricular muscle from adult and neonatal @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis', 'hypercapnic acidosis']

answer: @entity520 :: (MESH:D000138,Disease) :: ['acidosis']


abstract: We compared the response of ventricular muscle from adult and neonatal @entity35 to @entity520 . In adult muscle, @entity520 caused an initial rapid fall of developed @entity2701 to 30 +/- 5% of control (mean +/- SEM, n = 6). However, @entity2701 recovered slowly to a steady state that was 56 +/- 6% of control. In neonatal muscle, @entity520 caused a significantly smaller initial fall in @entity2701 to 43 +/- 3% (n = 8, p less than 0.05), but the @entity2701 then showed a subsequent slower fall to a steady state that was 29 +/- 4% of control, significantly less than in the adult (p less than 0.01). We have attempted to identify the mechanisms underlying these differences in response. In detergent-skinned myofibrils, reducing the pH from 7.0 to 6.5 caused a reduction in the pCa50 of 0.61 units in the adult muscle, but only 0.27 units in the neonatal ventricular muscle. Myofibrillar @entity141 sensitivity in neonatal ventricular muscle is thus less susceptible to the effects of acidic pH than that of adult muscle. Since intracellular pH decreases rapidly on application of increased external @entity515 , these results are consistent with the finding that, initially, developed @entity2701 in neonatal muscles is less sensitive to the effects of @entity520 . Sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis of myofibrillar preparations from adult and neonatal @entity35 demonstrated differences in thin filament proteins, including troponin I, which may underlie the observed differences in @entity141 sensitivity. In adult @entity35 ventricular muscles, the slow recovery of @entity2701 during @entity520 is associated with an increase in the amplitude of the @entity141 transients to 263 +/- 34% of control (n = 4).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of @entity520 on ventricular muscle from adult and neonatal XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal timing of nephrology consultation in @entity1 with hospital-acquired @entity810 ( @entity810 ) is unknown. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective controlled nonrandomized intervention study. SETTING _ @entity1 : We screened daily serum @entity1011 (SCr) levels of 4,296 @entity1 admitted to the St. Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center between September and November 2008 (control group) and January to May 2009 (intervention group). 354 @entity1 (8.2%) met the definition of in-hospital @entity810 (SCr level increase of 0.3 mg/dL over 48 hours); 176 of whom met all inclusion criteria; 85 and 91 @entity1 were enrolled in the control (standard care) and intervention groups, respectively. INTERVENTION: Early renal service involvement (EARLI), defined as a 1-time nephrology consultation within 18 hours of the onset of @entity810 . OUTCOME: Primary outcome defined as 2.5-fold increase in SCr level from admission. MEASUREMENT: Daily SCr until discharge. RESULTS: The 2 groups had similar characteristics at baseline and at the time of @entity810 . The intervention was completed at a mean of 13.1    0.8 hours from the onset of @entity810 . Nephrology recommendations in the EARLI group included specific diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventative components. The primary outcome occurred in 12.9% of @entity1 in the control group compared with 3.3% of @entity1 in the EARLI group (P = 0.02). @entity1 in the EARLI group had a lower peak SCr level of 1.8    0.1 versus 2.1    0.2 mg/dL in controls (P = 0.01). LIMITATIONS: Single-center nonrandomized study of mostly US male veterans. CONCLUSIONS: Early nephrologist involvement in @entity1 with @entity810 may reduce the risk of a further @entity8 . A larger randomized trial is needed to confirm the findings.

title: Early nephrologist involvement in hospital-acquired XXXX : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in kidney function']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute kidney injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The recruitment of @entity3006 / @entity3007 exchange factors (GEFs) to specific subcellular sites dictates where they activate small G proteins for the regulation of various cellular processes. Cytohesins are a conserved family of plasma membrane GEFs for Arf small G proteins that regulate endocytosis. Analyses of @entity1 cytohesins have identified a number of recruitment mechanisms for these multi-domain proteins, but the conservation and developmental roles for these mechanisms are unclear. Here, we report how the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of the @entity238 cytohesin Steppke affects its localization and activity at cleavage furrows of the early embryo. We found that the PH domain is necessary for Steppke furrow localization, and for it to regulate furrow structure. However, the PH domain was not sufficient for the localization. Next, we examined the role of conserved PH domain @entity3689 residues that are required for @entity1 cytohesins to bind PIP3 or @entity3007 -bound Arf G proteins. We confirmed that the Steppke PH domain preferentially binds PIP3 in vitro through a conserved mechanism. However, disruption of residues for PIP3 binding had no apparent effect on GFP-Steppke localization and effects. Rather, residues for binding to @entity3007 -bound Arf G proteins made major contributions to this Steppke localization and activity. By analyzing GFP-tagged Arf and Arf-like small G proteins, we found that @entity73304 -GFP, @entity73305 -GFP and @entity73306 -GFP, but not @entity73307 -GFP, localized to furrows. However, analyses of embryos depleted of @entity73304 , @entity73305 or @entity73306 revealed either @entity154 than occur in embryos depleted of Steppke, or no detectable @entity154 , possibly because of redundancies, and thus it was difficult to assess how individual Arf small G proteins affect Steppke. Nonetheless, our data show that the Steppke PH domain and its conserved residues for binding to @entity3007 -bound Arf G proteins have substantial effects on Steppke localization and activity in early @entity238 embryos.

title: PH Domain-Arf G Protein Interactions Localize the Arf-GEF Steppke for Cleavage Furrow Regulation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['earlier defects', 'furrow defects']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The study's objective was to evaluate with a standardized questionnaire the knowledge of healthcare workers (HCWs) regarding occupational vaccinations and their vaccination coverage. POPULATION AND METHODS: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in the department of @entity166 of a 1796 bed-teaching hospital in Dijon, France. RESULTS: Fifty-seven (93%) out of 61 HCPs completed the questionnaire. Vaccination against HVB was the most frequently mentioned vaccination (79%), followed by BCG (66%), and combine vaccine against @entity7394 , @entity116 , and polio (DTP) (66 %). Influenza was the most often quoted among recommended vaccinations (70%), followed by measles (61%), @entity5695 (39%), and @entity992 (14%). The number of correct answers was significantly correlated with age of @entity1 , being a physician, and having had courses on vaccination. Almost all HCPs were up to date for mandatory vaccinations. In 2009 to 2010, vaccination rates against seasonal flu and H1N1 flu reached 88%. Only 52% of HCPs knew about their @entity5695 immunization and only a third of those born before 1980 had been tested for measles. CONCLUSIONS: HCPs knowledge of mandatory vaccinations is adequate but more limited for recommended vaccinations. Information on influenza vaccination has significantly improved its perception among HCPs resulting in a better adhesion to vaccination.

title: [Vaccination coverage of healthcare professionals in an XXXX department].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity992 :: ('MESH:D002644', 'Disease') :: ['varicella']

entities_list: @entity5695 :: ('MESH:D014917', 'Disease') :: ['pertussis']

entities_list: @entity7394 :: ('MESH:D004165', 'Disease') :: ['diphtheria']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity166 :: (MESH:D003141,Disease) :: ['infectious diseases']