abstract: The @entity1260 / @entity3003 / @entity2879 (ICE) combination represents an active chemotherapy regimen across a wide variety of disease types. The most common limiting @entity137 for all three of these agents individually and in combination is myelosuppression. Thus, this regimen represents an ideal model to evaluate the role of @entity2772 support in amelioration of hematologic @entity137 , maintenance of dose intensity, and dose escalation. While chemotherapy strategies using colony-stimulating factors have abrogated @entity1398 , cumulative @entity882 is common with many chemotherapy regimens, including ICE chemotherapy. In preclinical and phase II trials, monotherapy with recombinant @entity1 @entity650 ( @entity650 ) has demonstrated substantial thrombopoietic activity, but with little enhancement of neutrophil recovery. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate combination cytokine therapy with both recombinant @entity650 and @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) after ICE chemotherapy. Previously untreated @entity1 with inoperable @entity1149 are eligible. Treatment includes two monthly cycles of @entity1260 2,000 mg/m2 with mesna 1,600 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1, 2, and 3, @entity3003 350 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 only, and @entity2879 75 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1, 2, and 3. All @entity1 then receive @entity1261 at a dose of 5 micrograms/kg/d subcutaneously beginning on day 4 until a postnadir absolute neutrophil count of more than 10 x 10(9)/L. Cohorts of @entity1 (n = 15) are randomized to receive 0, 1, 2.5, or 5 micrograms/kg/d of @entity650 subcutaneously on days 4 to 13 in successive cohorts. This study has now reached its target accrual in all cohorts. The final data analysis is in progress. It is hoped that this trial will define the safety and tolerability of the simultaneous administration of @entity650 and @entity1261 following ICE chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity1149 . In addition, this trial should determine the biologic activity and hematopoietic recovery observed during the simultaneous administration of these two cytokines in this setting.

title: The role of hematopoietic growth factors in support of @entity1260 / @entity3003 / XXXX chemotherapy.

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['etoposide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rapid, accurate and high-throughput identification of vector arthropods is of paramount importance in surveillance programmes that are becoming more common due to the changing geographic occurrence and extent of many @entity3082 . Protein profiling by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry fulfils these requirements for identification, and reference databases have recently been established for several vector taxa, mostly with specimens from laboratory colonies. METHODS: We established and validated a reference database containing 20 phlebotomine sand @entity238 (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) species by using specimens from colonies or field-collections that had been stored for various periods of time. RESULTS: Identical biomarker mass patterns ('superspectra') were obtained with colony- or field-derived specimens of the same species. In the validation study, high quality spectra (i.e. more than 30 evaluable masses) were obtained with all fresh insects from colonies, and with 55/59 insects deep-frozen (liquid @entity1568 /-80    C) for up to 25  years. In contrast, only 36/52 specimens stored in @entity1068 could be identified. This resulted in an overall sensitivity of 87 % (140/161); specificity was 100 %. Duration of storage impaired data counts in the high mass range, and thus cluster analyses of closely related specimens might reflect their storage conditions rather than phenotypic distinctness. A major drawback of MALDI-TOF @entity15 is the restricted availability of in-house databases and the fact that mass spectrometers from 2 companies (Bruker, Shimadzu) are widely being used. We have analysed fingerprints of phlebotomine sand flies obtained by automatic routine procedure on a Bruker instrument by using our database and the software established on a Shimadzu system. The sensitivity with 312 specimens from 8 sand @entity238 species from laboratory colonies when evaluating only high quality spectra was 98.3 %; the specificity was 100 %. The corresponding diagnostic values with 55 field-collected specimens from 4 species were 94.7 % and 97.4 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A centralized high-quality database (created by expert taxonomists and experienced users of mass spectrometers) that is easily amenable to customer-oriented identification services is a highly desirable resource. As shown in the present work, spectra obtained from different specimens with different instruments can be analysed using a centralized database, which should be available in the near future via an online platform in a cost-efficient manner.

title: Identification of phlebotomine sand flies using one MALDI-TOF XXXX reference database and two mass spectrometer systems.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity3082 :: ('MESH:D004671', 'Disease') :: ['arthropod-borne diseases']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fever and @entity1398 (FN) is a common complication of @entity5 treatment, but hospital utilization patterns for this condition are not well described. METHODS: Data were analyzed from the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID), an all-payer US hospital database, for 2009. Pediatric FN @entity1 were identified using: age  <=19  years, urgent or emergent admit type, non-transferred, and a combination of ICD-9-CM codes for @entity221 and @entity1398 . Sampling weights were used to permit national inferences. RESULTS: @entity5 @entity1 accounted for 1.5 % of pediatric hospital discharges in 2009 (n   =   110,967), with 10.1 % of @entity5 -related discharges meeting FN criteria (n   =   11,261). Two-fifths of FN discharges had a "short length of stay" ( @entity851 ) of  <=3  days, which accounted for approximately  65.5 million in hospital charges. @entity1729 (6.0 %) and @entity697 ( @entity697 ) (3.7 %) were the most common @entity281 associated with @entity851 . Factors significantly associated with @entity851 included living in the Midwest region (OR   =   1.65, 1.22-2.24) or West region (OR 1.54, 1.11-2.14) versus Northeast, having a diagnosis of @entity697 (OR   =   1.39, 1.03-1.87) or @entity1800 (OR   =   1.63, 1.18-2.25) versus those without those comorbidities, and having a soft tissue @entity242 (OR   =   1.47, 1.05-2.04), @entity978 (OR   =   2.33, 1.62-3.35), or an @entity43 (OR   =   1.76, 1.05-2.95) compared with @entity1 without these diagnoses. CONCLUSION: FN represents a common precipitant for hospitalizations among @entity5 @entity1 . @entity851 admissions are rarely associated with serious @entity281 , but contribute substantially to the burden of hospitalization for pediatric FN.

title: Hospital discharges for @entity221 and XXXX in @entity5 @entity1 : United States, 2009.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian/testicular tumor']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute otitis media', 'AOM']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric cancer', 'cancer', 'Pediatric cancer']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['Upper respiratory infection']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity1398 :: (MESH:D009503,Disease) :: ['neutropenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fever and @entity1398 (FN) is a common complication of @entity5 treatment, but hospital utilization patterns for this condition are not well described. METHODS: Data were analyzed from the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID), an all-payer US hospital database, for 2009. Pediatric FN @entity1 were identified using: age  <=19  years, urgent or emergent admit type, non-transferred, and a combination of ICD-9-CM codes for @entity221 and @entity1398 . Sampling weights were used to permit national inferences. RESULTS: @entity5 @entity1 accounted for 1.5 % of pediatric hospital discharges in 2009 (n   =   110,967), with 10.1 % of @entity5 -related discharges meeting FN criteria (n   =   11,261). Two-fifths of FN discharges had a "short length of stay" ( @entity851 ) of  <=3  days, which accounted for approximately  65.5 million in hospital charges. @entity1729 (6.0 %) and @entity697 ( @entity697 ) (3.7 %) were the most common @entity281 associated with @entity851 . Factors significantly associated with @entity851 included living in the Midwest region (OR   =   1.65, 1.22-2.24) or West region (OR 1.54, 1.11-2.14) versus Northeast, having a diagnosis of @entity697 (OR   =   1.39, 1.03-1.87) or @entity1800 (OR   =   1.63, 1.18-2.25) versus those without those comorbidities, and having a soft tissue @entity242 (OR   =   1.47, 1.05-2.04), @entity978 (OR   =   2.33, 1.62-3.35), or an @entity43 (OR   =   1.76, 1.05-2.95) compared with @entity1 without these diagnoses. CONCLUSION: FN represents a common precipitant for hospitalizations among @entity5 @entity1 . @entity851 admissions are rarely associated with serious @entity281 , but contribute substantially to the burden of hospitalization for pediatric FN.

title: Hospital discharges for XXXX and @entity1398 in @entity5 @entity1 : United States, 2009.

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['fever']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fever and @entity1398 (FN) is a common complication of @entity5 treatment, but hospital utilization patterns for this condition are not well described. METHODS: Data were analyzed from the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID), an all-payer US hospital database, for 2009. Pediatric FN @entity1 were identified using: age  <=19  years, urgent or emergent admit type, non-transferred, and a combination of ICD-9-CM codes for @entity221 and @entity1398 . Sampling weights were used to permit national inferences. RESULTS: @entity5 @entity1 accounted for 1.5 % of pediatric hospital discharges in 2009 (n   =   110,967), with 10.1 % of @entity5 -related discharges meeting FN criteria (n   =   11,261). Two-fifths of FN discharges had a "short length of stay" ( @entity851 ) of  <=3  days, which accounted for approximately  65.5 million in hospital charges. @entity1729 (6.0 %) and @entity697 ( @entity697 ) (3.7 %) were the most common @entity281 associated with @entity851 . Factors significantly associated with @entity851 included living in the Midwest region (OR   =   1.65, 1.22-2.24) or West region (OR 1.54, 1.11-2.14) versus Northeast, having a diagnosis of @entity697 (OR   =   1.39, 1.03-1.87) or @entity1800 (OR   =   1.63, 1.18-2.25) versus those without those comorbidities, and having a soft tissue @entity242 (OR   =   1.47, 1.05-2.04), @entity978 (OR   =   2.33, 1.62-3.35), or an @entity43 (OR   =   1.76, 1.05-2.95) compared with @entity1 without these diagnoses. CONCLUSION: FN represents a common precipitant for hospitalizations among @entity5 @entity1 . @entity851 admissions are rarely associated with serious @entity281 , but contribute substantially to the burden of hospitalization for pediatric FN.

title: Hospital discharges for @entity221 and @entity1398 in XXXX @entity1 : United States, 2009.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['pediatric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fever and @entity1398 (FN) is a common complication of @entity5 treatment, but hospital utilization patterns for this condition are not well described. METHODS: Data were analyzed from the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID), an all-payer US hospital database, for 2009. Pediatric FN @entity1 were identified using: age  <=19  years, urgent or emergent admit type, non-transferred, and a combination of ICD-9-CM codes for @entity221 and @entity1398 . Sampling weights were used to permit national inferences. RESULTS: @entity5 @entity1 accounted for 1.5 % of pediatric hospital discharges in 2009 (n   =   110,967), with 10.1 % of @entity5 -related discharges meeting FN criteria (n   =   11,261). Two-fifths of FN discharges had a "short length of stay" ( @entity851 ) of  <=3  days, which accounted for approximately  65.5 million in hospital charges. @entity1729 (6.0 %) and @entity697 ( @entity697 ) (3.7 %) were the most common @entity281 associated with @entity851 . Factors significantly associated with @entity851 included living in the Midwest region (OR   =   1.65, 1.22-2.24) or West region (OR 1.54, 1.11-2.14) versus Northeast, having a diagnosis of @entity697 (OR   =   1.39, 1.03-1.87) or @entity1800 (OR   =   1.63, 1.18-2.25) versus those without those comorbidities, and having a soft tissue @entity242 (OR   =   1.47, 1.05-2.04), @entity978 (OR   =   2.33, 1.62-3.35), or an @entity43 (OR   =   1.76, 1.05-2.95) compared with @entity1 without these diagnoses. CONCLUSION: FN represents a common precipitant for hospitalizations among @entity5 @entity1 . @entity851 admissions are rarely associated with serious @entity281 , but contribute substantially to the burden of hospitalization for pediatric FN.

title: Hospital discharges for @entity221 and @entity1398 in @entity5 XXXX : United States, 2009.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Damage of small nerve fibers may lead to a large variety of clinical symptoms. Small-fiber @entity16 underlies the symptoms of @entity3949 , which may decrease quality of life. It also contributes to the poor prognosis of @entity3949 because it plays a key role in the pathogenesis of foot ulceration and @entity4148 . Impairment of small nerve fibers is considered the earliest alteration in the course of @entity3949 . Therefore, assessment of functional and morphological @entity8249 may enable timely diagnosis. The definition, symptoms, and clinical significance of small-fiber @entity16 are considered in the present review. An apparently more complex interaction between small-fiber impairment and microcirculation is extensively discussed. Diagnostic modalities include morphometric and functional methods. Corneal confocal microscopy and punch skin biopsy are considered gold standards, but noninvasive functional tests are also diagnostically useful. However, in routine clinical practice, small-fiber @entity16 is diagnosed by its typical clinical presentation. Finally, prompt treatment should be initiated following diagnosis.

title: XXXX : A Diabetic Microvascular Complication of Special Clinical, Diagnostic, and Prognostic Importance.

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity8249 :: ('MESH:D004916', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of small nerve fibers']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['painful diabetic neuropathy', 'diabetic neuropathy']

answer: @entity8249 :: (MESH:D004916,Disease) :: ['Small-Fiber Neuropathy']


abstract: General frameworks of the @entity5 screening process are available, but none directly compare the process in detail across different organ sites. This limits the ability of medical and public health professionals to develop and evaluate coordinated screening programs that apply resources and population management strategies available for one @entity5 site to other sites. We present a trans-organ conceptual model that incorporates a single screening episode for breast, cervical, and @entity14 into a unified framework based on clinical guidelines and protocols; the model concepts could be expanded to other organ sites. The model covers four types of care in the screening process: risk assessment, detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Interfaces between different provider teams (eg, primary care and specialty care), including communication and transfer of responsibility, may occur when transitioning between types of care. Our model highlights across each organ site similarities and differences in steps, interfaces, and transitions in the screening process and documents the conclusion of a screening episode. This model was developed within the National @entity5 Institute-funded consortium Population-based Research Optimizing Screening through Personalized Regimens (PROSPR). PROSPR aims to optimize the screening process for breast, cervical, and @entity14 and includes seven research centers and a statistical coordinating center. Given current health care reform initiatives in the United States, this conceptual model can facilitate the development of comprehensive quality metrics for @entity5 screening and promote trans-organ comparative @entity5 screening research. PROSPR findings will support the design of interventions that improve screening outcomes across multiple @entity5 sites.

title: Unifying Screening Processes Within the PROSPR Consortium: A Conceptual Model for Breast, Cervical, and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer Screening']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Endocan-1 has been proposed as a possible biomarker and predictor of vascular endothelial related pathologies. Thus, we hypothesised that Endocan-1 levels would be up-regulated in maternal plasma and placentae from @entity1 with @entity1468 . The aim of our study was to compare Endocan-1 concentrations in maternal/fetal plasma and placentae from normotensive and pre-eclamptic pregnancies. METHODS: Observational and case-controlled study, at the S  o Lucas Hospital, Brazil. Placental biopsies, maternal/umbilical venous (fetal) plasma were taken from 67 normotensive and 50 pre-eclamptic @entity1 . Endocan-1 levels were quantified using MagPlex(TH)-C and analysed by Analysis of Covariance and Pearson correlation. The null hypothesis was rejected at p<0.05. RESULTS: Higher levels of Endocan-1 were found in maternal plasma in the pre-eclamptic group (mean ratio=1.49; 95% confidence interval: 1.19-1.85, p=0.001), with a moderate effect size (Cohen's D=0.84). Placental Endocan-1 levels ( g/g) were lower in @entity1468 (1.52 [1.10, 2.40] vs. 2.24 [1.32, 3.75], p=0.033) and fetal Endocan-1 concentration (ng/ml) did not show any difference between groups (3.10 [2.60, 4.54] vs. 2.91 [2.20, 3.66] p=0.085). In addition, an up-regulation of maternal plasma Endocan-1 in the pre-eclamptic group was observed when stratified in relation to gestational age, systolic blood pressure and @entity644 (p<0.05, for all). Furthermore, a positive correlation between Endocan-1 concentration in maternal vs. fetal plasma was also found (r=0.258, p=0.015). For the matched samples, a negative correlation between Endocan-1 in maternal/fetal plasma with birthweights, placental weights and gestational age at delivery was observed (p<0.05 for all). DISCUSSION: Endocan-1 is increased in @entity1 with @entity1468 for all strata, which highlight the importance of this molecule as a possible biomarker. The negative correlations between Endocan-1 and clinical data suggest that this molecule may also be involved with prematurity and low birth weight, which warrants further investigations.

title: Endocan-1 concentrations in maternal and fetal plasma and placentae in XXXX in the third trimester of pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['pre-eclampsia']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['pre-eclampsia']


abstract: We analyzed the relation between @entity1140 trough levels (ELISA: @entity1 1-41, IMx: @entity1 42-70) and rejection and/or @entity1800 episodes, retrospectively, in the first 70 consecutive cases of living related liver transplantation. Twenty @entity1 (28.6%) had rejection episodes. Of the 13 @entity1 who had evidence of rejection during the first 3 months, 6 @entity1 without @entity281 and 7 @entity1 with @entity1800 showed low concentrations of @entity1140 (< 5 ng/ml). Twelve @entity1 were treated and improved with high dose @entity134 administration and an increase in the @entity1140 dosage. One @entity1 died of refractory rejection. Nine @entity1 had evidence of rejection after the first 3 months. In 3 @entity1 , weaning from @entity1140 initiated the rejection episodes. Five @entity1 repeated rejection and 4 @entity1 required a third immunosuppressant ( @entity500 ). @entity1800 included @entity2834 (11 cases), EBV (13 cases), @entity23827 cases), and @entity3307 case). Excess immunosuppression might have been the cause, but no clear correlation was found. We propose that the optimal dosage of @entity1140 obtained by monitoring the trough levels using the IMx method should maintain a 10-20 ng/ml level during the first month, and a 5-10 ng/ml level at the second and third months.

title: A proposal of XXXX optimal dosing in living related liver transplantations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['Viral infection', 'viral infection']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['FK506']


abstract: Esophageal intubation with a plastic prosthesis is a well established palliative treatment for @entity418 . The technique is safer with endoscopy than previous surgical techniques. Advantages of stent include rapid and long lasting relief of @entity1282 in most @entity1 with @entity189 esophagus. Repeated procedures are not required. Placement of prosthesis is the treatment of choice in BEF. Cost is less compared to other palliative modalities such as laser. SEMS have distinct advantages over conventional prosthesis as they may be inserted with less @entity130 and fewer complications. Diet needs occasionally to be limited to soft or blenderized foods to prevent occlusion. A disadvantage of uncovered SEMS is short duration of palliation due to @entity5 ingrowth which can be overcome with availability of covered SEMS. Starvation is the most common cause of @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity5 . Prosthesis combats deterioration and leads to rapid @entity1017 . Overall, single time procedure without general anaesthesia, short hospital stay and immediate improvement in @entity1282 are considerable gains.

title: Esophageal prosthesis in palliation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'esophageal malignancy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant esophageal obstruction']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Venous Leg Ulceration (VLU) is a chronic condition for which healthcare systems worldwide face rising treatment costs. VLU can be due to @entity101 which causes the veins to become cuffed with fibrin, inhibiting the supply of nutrients to the wound site. For @entity1 that cannot tolerate compression therapy with an inelastic short stretch (SS) bandage, the mainstay treatment, an elastic three layered (3L) bandage is an alternative. In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to investigate whether the healing of @entity3179 under SS and 3L bandages occurs at different rates and to postulate the reason for any difference. The two treatments were applied to a simplified wound geometry, under the assumption that the rate limiting step of healing is the supply of @entity26 to the wounded tissue. Clinical data of wound size over time under the two treatments from Weller et al. (2012) was used to fit key, unknown, model parameters using a least squares approach. Numerical results are presented for the @entity26 distribution within the wound space, using the fitted parameter values. The 3L bandage allows more @entity26 flow into the wound than the SS bandage and, hence, the 3L bandage results in faster healing, however the difference is more significant for wounds of larger initial size. The model can be used as a predictive tool in a clinical setting to estimate the time to heal for a wound of a given initial size, treated with either a SS or 3L bandage.

title: Healing of XXXX using compression therapy: Predictions of a mathematical model.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['sustained venous hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3179 :: ('MESH:D014647', 'Disease') :: ['venous ulcers']

answer: @entity3179 :: (MESH:D014647,Disease) :: ['venous ulcers']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether or not charybdotoxin (CAS 95751-30-7, @entity9443 ), a selective and potent @entity141 -dependent K+ channel blocker, inhibits the relaxation of @entity840 tracheal smooth muscle induced by pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptides with 27 residues ( @entity11697 ) and with 38 residues ( @entity11697 ). Two forms of PACAP were discovered in hypothalamic tissues, and are known to increase the tissues @entity1919 levels and to be independent of beta-adrenoceptors. The relaxant effects of these polypeptides were evaluated by measuring the isometric tension of tracheal smooth muscle of @entity840 in vitro. Both forms of PACAP showed dose-dependent relaxant effects. The pD2 of @entity11697 was 7.01 +/- 0.04 and that of @entity11697 was 6.43 +/- 0.05. ChTX (10(-12)-3 x 10(-9) mol/l) did not affect the resting tension of the @entity840 tracheal smooth muscle. ChTX (10(-8) mol/l) slightly increased the tension, in some experiments being considered as a phasic tension change. ChTX (10(-8) mol/l) caused a small but significant rightward shift in the concentration-response curves of @entity11697 and @entity11697 . ChTX decreased the pD2 of @entity11697 to 6.74 +/- 0.03 and that of @entity11697 to 6.25 +/- 0.04. These results suggest that @entity1919 -mediated activation of @entity141 -dependent K+ channels may play an important role in the relaxation of the @entity840 tracheal smooth muscle induced by both forms of PACAP as well as beta-agonist.

title: Inhibition of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide induced relaxation of XXXX tracheal smooth muscle by charybdotoxin.

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclic AMP']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: @entity1129 ( @entity1129 ) is an @entity74 characterized by progressive childhood-onset @entity6447 , @entity24147 , @entity8684 and @entity8721 of the conjunctivae. Further symptoms may be @entity465 and frequent infections, and an increased risk of @entity5 . As well as this classic manifestation, several other non-classic forms exist, including milder or incomplete @entity1129 phenotypes caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the @entity14050 gene. Recently, @entity14050 mutations have been found in 13 Canadian Mennonites with early-onset, @entity6389 , in a French family with generalized @entity3519 and in an Indian family with @entity6372 . In this article, we will describe a Turkish family with three affected sibs. Their phenotypes range from pure cervical @entity3519 associated with hand @entity400 to truncal and more generalized dystonic postures. Exome sequencing has revealed the potentially pathogenic compound heterozygous variants @entity71845 and @entity71846 in the @entity14050 gene. The variants segregated perfectly with the phenotypes within the family. Both mutations detected in @entity14050 have been shown to be pathogenic, and the a-fetoprotein, a marker of @entity1129 , was found to be increased. This report supports recent literature showing that @entity14050 mutations are not exclusively associated with @entity1129 but may also cause a more, even intra-familial variable phenotype in particular in association with @entity3519 .

title: Clinical variability in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectasias']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity6389 :: ('MESH:D014103', 'Disease') :: ['isolated, predominantly cervical dystonia']

entities_list: @entity24147 :: ('MESH:C537423', 'Disease') :: ['oculomotor apraxia']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity6372 :: ('MESH:C538007', 'Disease') :: ['dopa-responsive cervical dystonia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal recessive inherited disease']

entities_list: @entity6447 :: ('MESH:D002524', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar ataxia']

entities_list: @entity8684 :: ('MESH:D001264', 'Disease') :: ['choreoathetosis']

entities_list: @entity1129 :: ('MESH:D001260', 'Disease') :: ['ataxia telangiectasia', 'Ataxia-telangiectasia', 'A-T']

answer: @entity1129 :: (MESH:D001260,Disease) :: ['ataxia-telangiectasia']


abstract: We report the results of medial physeal stapling in 16 knees with @entity13809 and 27 with @entity13809 . In the primary group, stapling was undertaken at a mean chronological age of 12 years in @entity1 and 13 years in @entity1 . The medial femoral physis was stapled in ten knees and the medial femoral and tibial physes in six knees. At skeletal maturity, all @entity1 had excellent or good leg alignment. @entity13809 is due to @entity1141 , @entity4903 , or to @entity4932 . Stapling was at a mean chronological age of 11 years in @entity1 and 14 years in @entity1 . The medial femoral physis was stapled in 13 knees, the medial tibial physis in three and both in 11 knees. At skeletal maturity, 85% had excellent or good leg alignment, and correction had occurred within one year. Two of the poor results were due to staple extrusion from osteoporotic bone, and two to overcorrection. Rebound growth was minimal and unpredictable after the removal of staples. Medial physeal stapling is a suitable method of treatment for both primary and @entity13809 in late childhood and in adolescence. At least one year of knee growth is required to achieve correction, and care is needed to avoid overcorrection of the @entity13809 .

title: Medial physeal stapling for primary and XXXX in late childhood and adolescence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity13809 :: ('MESH:D056304', 'Disease') :: ['primary genu valgum', 'Secondary genu valgum', 'secondary genu valgum']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile chronic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['haematological or endocrine disorders']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal dysplasia']

answer: @entity13809 :: (MESH:D056304,Disease) :: ['secondary genu valgum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A previous individual @entity1 data meta-analysis by the Meta-Analysis of Chemotherapy in @entity189 (MAC-NPC) collaborative group to assess the addition of chemotherapy to radiotherapy showed that it improves overall survival in @entity189 . This benefit was restricted to @entity1 receiving concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to update the meta-analysis, include recent trials, and to analyse separately the benefit of concomitant plus adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Controlled Trials meta-register, ClinicalTrials.gov, and meeting proceedings to identify published or unpublished randomised trials assessing radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in @entity1 with non-metastatic @entity189 and obtained updated data for previously analysed studies. The primary endpoint of interest was overall survival. All trial results were combined and analysed using a fixed-effects model. The statistical analysis plan was pre-specified in a protocol. All data were analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. FINDINGS: We analysed data from 19 trials and 4806 @entity1 . Median follow-up was 7  7 years (IQR 6  2-11  9). We found that the addition of chemotherapy to radiotherapy significantly improved overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0  79, 95% CI 0  73-0  86, p<0  0001; absolute benefit at 5 years 6  3%, 95% CI 3  5-9  1). The interaction between treatment effect (benefit of chemotherapy) on overall survival and the timing of chemotherapy was significant (p=0  01) in favour of concomitant plus adjuvant chemotherapy (HR 0  65, 0  56-0  76) and concomitant without adjuvant chemotherapy (0  80, 0  70-0  93) but not adjuvant chemotherapy alone (0  87, 0  68-1  12) or induction chemotherapy alone (0  96, 0  80-1  16). The benefit of the addition of chemotherapy was consistent for all endpoints analysed (all p<0  0001): progression-free survival (HR 0  75, 95% CI 0  69-0  81), locoregional control (0  73, 0  64-0  83), distant control (0  67, 0  59-0  75), and @entity5 mortality (0  76, 0  69-0  84). INTERPRETATION: Our results confirm that the addition of concomitant chemotherapy to radiotherapy significantly improves survival in @entity1 with locoregionally advanced @entity189 . To our knowledge, this is the first analysis that examines the effect of concomitant chemotherapy with and without adjuvant chemotherapy as distinct groups. Further studies on the specific benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy after concomitant chemoradiotherapy are needed. FUNDING: French Ministry of Health (Programme d'actions int  gr  es de recherche VADS), Ligue Nationale Contre le @entity5 , and Sanofi-Aventis.

title: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy in XXXX : an update of the MAC-NPC meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'Nasopharynx Carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma']


abstract: Proliferation of some cultured @entity1 @entity5 cell lines bearing high numbers of @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ) receptors is paradoxically inhibited by @entity4179 in nanomolar concentrations. In the present study, we have investigated the biochemical mechanism of growth inhibition in A431 @entity1 @entity957 cells exposed to exogenous @entity4179 . In parallel, we studied a selected subpopulation, @entity71847 , which is resistant to @entity4179 -mediated growth inhibition. We observed a marked reduction in @entity15308 ( @entity15308 ) activity when A431 and A431-F cells were cultured with 20 nM @entity4179 for 4 h. After further continuous exposure of A431 cells to @entity4179 , the @entity15308 activity remained at a low level and was accompanied by persistent @entity1167 . In contrast, the early reduced @entity15308 activity and G1 accumulation in A431-F cells was only transient. We found that, at early time points (4-8 h), @entity4179 induces @entity994 / @entity994 mRNA and protein expression in both @entity4179 -sensitive A431 cells and @entity4179 -resistant A431-F cells. But only in A431 cells, was @entity994 / @entity994 expression sustained at a significantly increased level for up to 5 d after addition of @entity4179 . Induction of @entity994 / @entity994 by @entity4179 could be inhibited by a specific @entity4179 receptor @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity20830 , suggesting that @entity994 / @entity994 induction was a consequence of receptor @entity669 kinase activation by @entity4179 . We also demonstrated that the increased @entity994 / @entity994 was associated with both @entity15308 and @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ). Taken together, our results demonstrate that @entity994 / @entity994 is an important mediator of @entity4179 -induced @entity1167 and growth inhibition in A431 cells.

title: Prolonged induction of XXXX / @entity994 / @entity15308 / @entity1364 complex by epidermal growth factor receptor activation mediates ligand-induced A431 cell growth inhibition.

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity15308 :: ('1017', 'Gene') :: ['cyclin-dependent kinase-2', 'CDK2']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor', 'EGF']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity994 :: (1026,Gene) :: ['p21Cip1']


abstract: Proliferation of some cultured @entity1 @entity5 cell lines bearing high numbers of @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ) receptors is paradoxically inhibited by @entity4179 in nanomolar concentrations. In the present study, we have investigated the biochemical mechanism of growth inhibition in A431 @entity1 @entity957 cells exposed to exogenous @entity4179 . In parallel, we studied a selected subpopulation, @entity71847 , which is resistant to @entity4179 -mediated growth inhibition. We observed a marked reduction in @entity15308 ( @entity15308 ) activity when A431 and A431-F cells were cultured with 20 nM @entity4179 for 4 h. After further continuous exposure of A431 cells to @entity4179 , the @entity15308 activity remained at a low level and was accompanied by persistent @entity1167 . In contrast, the early reduced @entity15308 activity and G1 accumulation in A431-F cells was only transient. We found that, at early time points (4-8 h), @entity4179 induces @entity994 / @entity994 mRNA and protein expression in both @entity4179 -sensitive A431 cells and @entity4179 -resistant A431-F cells. But only in A431 cells, was @entity994 / @entity994 expression sustained at a significantly increased level for up to 5 d after addition of @entity4179 . Induction of @entity994 / @entity994 by @entity4179 could be inhibited by a specific @entity4179 receptor @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity20830 , suggesting that @entity994 / @entity994 induction was a consequence of receptor @entity669 kinase activation by @entity4179 . We also demonstrated that the increased @entity994 / @entity994 was associated with both @entity15308 and @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ). Taken together, our results demonstrate that @entity994 / @entity994 is an important mediator of @entity4179 -induced @entity1167 and growth inhibition in A431 cells.

title: Prolonged induction of @entity994 / XXXX / @entity15308 / @entity1364 complex by epidermal growth factor receptor activation mediates ligand-induced A431 cell growth inhibition.

answer: @entity994 :: (1026,Gene) :: ['WAF1']


abstract: Proliferation of some cultured @entity1 @entity5 cell lines bearing high numbers of @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ) receptors is paradoxically inhibited by @entity4179 in nanomolar concentrations. In the present study, we have investigated the biochemical mechanism of growth inhibition in A431 @entity1 @entity957 cells exposed to exogenous @entity4179 . In parallel, we studied a selected subpopulation, @entity71847 , which is resistant to @entity4179 -mediated growth inhibition. We observed a marked reduction in @entity15308 ( @entity15308 ) activity when A431 and A431-F cells were cultured with 20 nM @entity4179 for 4 h. After further continuous exposure of A431 cells to @entity4179 , the @entity15308 activity remained at a low level and was accompanied by persistent @entity1167 . In contrast, the early reduced @entity15308 activity and G1 accumulation in A431-F cells was only transient. We found that, at early time points (4-8 h), @entity4179 induces @entity994 / @entity994 mRNA and protein expression in both @entity4179 -sensitive A431 cells and @entity4179 -resistant A431-F cells. But only in A431 cells, was @entity994 / @entity994 expression sustained at a significantly increased level for up to 5 d after addition of @entity4179 . Induction of @entity994 / @entity994 by @entity4179 could be inhibited by a specific @entity4179 receptor @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity20830 , suggesting that @entity994 / @entity994 induction was a consequence of receptor @entity669 kinase activation by @entity4179 . We also demonstrated that the increased @entity994 / @entity994 was associated with both @entity15308 and @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ). Taken together, our results demonstrate that @entity994 / @entity994 is an important mediator of @entity4179 -induced @entity1167 and growth inhibition in A431 cells.

title: Prolonged induction of @entity994 / @entity994 / XXXX / @entity1364 complex by epidermal growth factor receptor activation mediates ligand-induced A431 cell growth inhibition.

answer: @entity15308 :: (1017,Gene) :: ['CDK2']


abstract: Proliferation of some cultured @entity1 @entity5 cell lines bearing high numbers of @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ) receptors is paradoxically inhibited by @entity4179 in nanomolar concentrations. In the present study, we have investigated the biochemical mechanism of growth inhibition in A431 @entity1 @entity957 cells exposed to exogenous @entity4179 . In parallel, we studied a selected subpopulation, @entity71847 , which is resistant to @entity4179 -mediated growth inhibition. We observed a marked reduction in @entity15308 ( @entity15308 ) activity when A431 and A431-F cells were cultured with 20 nM @entity4179 for 4 h. After further continuous exposure of A431 cells to @entity4179 , the @entity15308 activity remained at a low level and was accompanied by persistent @entity1167 . In contrast, the early reduced @entity15308 activity and G1 accumulation in A431-F cells was only transient. We found that, at early time points (4-8 h), @entity4179 induces @entity994 / @entity994 mRNA and protein expression in both @entity4179 -sensitive A431 cells and @entity4179 -resistant A431-F cells. But only in A431 cells, was @entity994 / @entity994 expression sustained at a significantly increased level for up to 5 d after addition of @entity4179 . Induction of @entity994 / @entity994 by @entity4179 could be inhibited by a specific @entity4179 receptor @entity669 kinase inhibitor, @entity20830 , suggesting that @entity994 / @entity994 induction was a consequence of receptor @entity669 kinase activation by @entity4179 . We also demonstrated that the increased @entity994 / @entity994 was associated with both @entity15308 and @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ). Taken together, our results demonstrate that @entity994 / @entity994 is an important mediator of @entity4179 -induced @entity1167 and growth inhibition in A431 cells.

title: Prolonged induction of @entity994 / @entity994 / @entity15308 / XXXX complex by epidermal growth factor receptor activation mediates ligand-induced A431 cell growth inhibition.

answer: @entity1364 :: (5111,Gene) :: ['PCNA']


abstract: @entity4878 are currently being tested for the treatment and prevention of several @entity1 @entity5 , including @entity0 . However, the anti- @entity5 and growth inhibitory mechanisms of @entity4878 are not well understood. @entity1968 (RA) inhibits the growth of the @entity172 receptor-positive (ER+) @entity0 cell line, MCF-7, in a reversible and dose-dependent manner. In contrast, @entity442 , @entity5100 ) and insulin are potent stimulators of the proliferation of MCF-7 and several other @entity0 cell lines. Pharmacologic doses of RA (> or = 10(-6) M) completely inhibit @entity442 -stimulated MCF-7 cell growth. Published data suggest that the growth inhibitory action of RA on IGF-stimulated cell growth is linear and dose-dependent, similar to RA inhibition of unstimulated or @entity53 -stimulated MCF-7 cell growth. Surprisingly, we have found that @entity442 or insulin-stimulated cell growth is increased to a maximum of 132% and 127%, respectively, by cotreatment with 10(-7) M RA, and that 10(-9) - 10(-7) M RA increase cell proliferation compared to @entity442 or insulin alone. MCF-7 cells that stably overexpress @entity5100 are also resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of 10(-9) - 10(-7) M RA. Treatment with the @entity442 receptor blocking antibody, alpha IR-3, restores RA-induced growth inhibition of @entity442 -treated or @entity5100 -overexpressing MCF-7 cells, indicating that the @entity2856 is mediating these effects. IGFs cannot reverse all RA effects since the altered cell culture morphology of RA-treated cells is similar in growth-inhibited cultures and in @entity5100 expressing clones that are resistant to RA-induced growth inhibition. These results indicate that RA action on MCF-7 cells is biphasic in the presence of @entity442 or insulin with 10(-9) - 10(-7) M RA enhancing cell proliferation and > or = 10(-6) M RA causing growth inhibition. As @entity442 and @entity5100 ligands are frequently detectable in @entity0 tissues, their potential for modulation of RA effects should be considered when evaluating @entity4878 for use in in vivo experimental studies and for clinical purposes. Additionally, the therapeutic use of inhibitors of IGF action in combination with RA is suggested by these studies.

title: Insulin-like growth factors modulate the growth inhibitory effects of @entity1968 on MCF-7 XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity4878 :: ('MESH:D012176', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoids', 'Retinoids']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I', 'IGF-I']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['All-trans retinoic acid']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: @entity4878 are currently being tested for the treatment and prevention of several @entity1 @entity5 , including @entity0 . However, the anti- @entity5 and growth inhibitory mechanisms of @entity4878 are not well understood. @entity1968 (RA) inhibits the growth of the @entity172 receptor-positive (ER+) @entity0 cell line, MCF-7, in a reversible and dose-dependent manner. In contrast, @entity442 , @entity5100 ) and insulin are potent stimulators of the proliferation of MCF-7 and several other @entity0 cell lines. Pharmacologic doses of RA (> or = 10(-6) M) completely inhibit @entity442 -stimulated MCF-7 cell growth. Published data suggest that the growth inhibitory action of RA on IGF-stimulated cell growth is linear and dose-dependent, similar to RA inhibition of unstimulated or @entity53 -stimulated MCF-7 cell growth. Surprisingly, we have found that @entity442 or insulin-stimulated cell growth is increased to a maximum of 132% and 127%, respectively, by cotreatment with 10(-7) M RA, and that 10(-9) - 10(-7) M RA increase cell proliferation compared to @entity442 or insulin alone. MCF-7 cells that stably overexpress @entity5100 are also resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of 10(-9) - 10(-7) M RA. Treatment with the @entity442 receptor blocking antibody, alpha IR-3, restores RA-induced growth inhibition of @entity442 -treated or @entity5100 -overexpressing MCF-7 cells, indicating that the @entity2856 is mediating these effects. IGFs cannot reverse all RA effects since the altered cell culture morphology of RA-treated cells is similar in growth-inhibited cultures and in @entity5100 expressing clones that are resistant to RA-induced growth inhibition. These results indicate that RA action on MCF-7 cells is biphasic in the presence of @entity442 or insulin with 10(-9) - 10(-7) M RA enhancing cell proliferation and > or = 10(-6) M RA causing growth inhibition. As @entity442 and @entity5100 ligands are frequently detectable in @entity0 tissues, their potential for modulation of RA effects should be considered when evaluating @entity4878 for use in in vivo experimental studies and for clinical purposes. Additionally, the therapeutic use of inhibitors of IGF action in combination with RA is suggested by these studies.

title: Insulin-like growth factors modulate the growth inhibitory effects of XXXX on MCF-7 @entity0 cells.

answer: @entity1968 :: (MESH:D014212,Chemical) :: ['retinoic acid']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We describe a case of @entity498 with massive @entity272 , @entity3807 and @entity2407 . A 48-year-old @entity1 with parents of a consanguineous marriage, first appeared with decreased urine output, @entity272 on his inner thighs and short stature (142  cm, 47  kg). The @entity1 had suffered from @entity393 since the age of 1  year, and his secondary sexual characteristics had not developed. Computed tomography showed periaortic @entity82 , bilateral @entity1901 , @entity3041 and @entity1463 of the germinal cords. A biopsy from the retroperitoneal mass revealed remarkable @entity82 with chronic inflammatory cells. Biopsies from the @entity272 showed thick collagen bundles through the dermis and lymphohistiocytic infiltration with numerous plasma cells. Serum inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, vascular endothelial factor, transforming growth factor-b and soluble interleukin-2 receptor, were elevated. @entity617 was effective in treating @entity272 and in lowering serum inflammatory markers. After a long period of follow up, genomic DNA of the @entity1 was obtained, and we identified a homozygous mutation in exon 5, @entity71848 , which caused transition of @entity8959 to @entity369 , @entity71849 , in the @entity1 , but not in DNA samples from another 50 healthy individuals. This is the first case of @entity498 with @entity2407 and @entity3807 , and the first Japanese case of @entity498 reported in the English published work with a novel mutation in the @entity23658 gene.

title: Case of @entity498 with massive XXXX , @entity3807 and @entity2407 with a novel mutation in the @entity23658 gene.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1901 :: ('MESH:D014515', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity3807 :: ('MESH:D012185', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity71849 :: ('p|SUB|G|208|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['p.Gly208Arg']

entities_list: @entity498 :: ('MESH:C538322', 'Disease') :: ['H syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion', 'skin involvement', 'skin lesions', 'skin sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['Prednisolone']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin involvement']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We describe a case of @entity498 with massive @entity272 , @entity3807 and @entity2407 . A 48-year-old @entity1 with parents of a consanguineous marriage, first appeared with decreased urine output, @entity272 on his inner thighs and short stature (142  cm, 47  kg). The @entity1 had suffered from @entity393 since the age of 1  year, and his secondary sexual characteristics had not developed. Computed tomography showed periaortic @entity82 , bilateral @entity1901 , @entity3041 and @entity1463 of the germinal cords. A biopsy from the retroperitoneal mass revealed remarkable @entity82 with chronic inflammatory cells. Biopsies from the @entity272 showed thick collagen bundles through the dermis and lymphohistiocytic infiltration with numerous plasma cells. Serum inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, vascular endothelial factor, transforming growth factor-b and soluble interleukin-2 receptor, were elevated. @entity617 was effective in treating @entity272 and in lowering serum inflammatory markers. After a long period of follow up, genomic DNA of the @entity1 was obtained, and we identified a homozygous mutation in exon 5, @entity71848 , which caused transition of @entity8959 to @entity369 , @entity71849 , in the @entity1 , but not in DNA samples from another 50 healthy individuals. This is the first case of @entity498 with @entity2407 and @entity3807 , and the first Japanese case of @entity498 reported in the English published work with a novel mutation in the @entity23658 gene.

title: Case of @entity498 with massive @entity272 , @entity3807 and XXXX with a novel mutation in the @entity23658 gene.

answer: @entity2407 :: (MESH:D011928,Disease) :: ['Raynaud's phenomenon']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We describe a case of @entity498 with massive @entity272 , @entity3807 and @entity2407 . A 48-year-old @entity1 with parents of a consanguineous marriage, first appeared with decreased urine output, @entity272 on his inner thighs and short stature (142  cm, 47  kg). The @entity1 had suffered from @entity393 since the age of 1  year, and his secondary sexual characteristics had not developed. Computed tomography showed periaortic @entity82 , bilateral @entity1901 , @entity3041 and @entity1463 of the germinal cords. A biopsy from the retroperitoneal mass revealed remarkable @entity82 with chronic inflammatory cells. Biopsies from the @entity272 showed thick collagen bundles through the dermis and lymphohistiocytic infiltration with numerous plasma cells. Serum inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, vascular endothelial factor, transforming growth factor-b and soluble interleukin-2 receptor, were elevated. @entity617 was effective in treating @entity272 and in lowering serum inflammatory markers. After a long period of follow up, genomic DNA of the @entity1 was obtained, and we identified a homozygous mutation in exon 5, @entity71848 , which caused transition of @entity8959 to @entity369 , @entity71849 , in the @entity1 , but not in DNA samples from another 50 healthy individuals. This is the first case of @entity498 with @entity2407 and @entity3807 , and the first Japanese case of @entity498 reported in the English published work with a novel mutation in the @entity23658 gene.

title: Case of @entity498 with massive @entity272 , XXXX and @entity2407 with a novel mutation in the @entity23658 gene.

answer: @entity3807 :: (MESH:D012185,Disease) :: ['retroperitoneal fibrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We describe a case of @entity498 with massive @entity272 , @entity3807 and @entity2407 . A 48-year-old @entity1 with parents of a consanguineous marriage, first appeared with decreased urine output, @entity272 on his inner thighs and short stature (142  cm, 47  kg). The @entity1 had suffered from @entity393 since the age of 1  year, and his secondary sexual characteristics had not developed. Computed tomography showed periaortic @entity82 , bilateral @entity1901 , @entity3041 and @entity1463 of the germinal cords. A biopsy from the retroperitoneal mass revealed remarkable @entity82 with chronic inflammatory cells. Biopsies from the @entity272 showed thick collagen bundles through the dermis and lymphohistiocytic infiltration with numerous plasma cells. Serum inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, vascular endothelial factor, transforming growth factor-b and soluble interleukin-2 receptor, were elevated. @entity617 was effective in treating @entity272 and in lowering serum inflammatory markers. After a long period of follow up, genomic DNA of the @entity1 was obtained, and we identified a homozygous mutation in exon 5, @entity71848 , which caused transition of @entity8959 to @entity369 , @entity71849 , in the @entity1 , but not in DNA samples from another 50 healthy individuals. This is the first case of @entity498 with @entity2407 and @entity3807 , and the first Japanese case of @entity498 reported in the English published work with a novel mutation in the @entity23658 gene.

title: Case of @entity498 with massive @entity272 , @entity3807 and @entity2407 with a novel mutation in the XXXX gene.

answer: @entity23658 :: (55315,Gene) :: ['SLC29A3']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We describe a case of @entity498 with massive @entity272 , @entity3807 and @entity2407 . A 48-year-old @entity1 with parents of a consanguineous marriage, first appeared with decreased urine output, @entity272 on his inner thighs and short stature (142  cm, 47  kg). The @entity1 had suffered from @entity393 since the age of 1  year, and his secondary sexual characteristics had not developed. Computed tomography showed periaortic @entity82 , bilateral @entity1901 , @entity3041 and @entity1463 of the germinal cords. A biopsy from the retroperitoneal mass revealed remarkable @entity82 with chronic inflammatory cells. Biopsies from the @entity272 showed thick collagen bundles through the dermis and lymphohistiocytic infiltration with numerous plasma cells. Serum inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, vascular endothelial factor, transforming growth factor-b and soluble interleukin-2 receptor, were elevated. @entity617 was effective in treating @entity272 and in lowering serum inflammatory markers. After a long period of follow up, genomic DNA of the @entity1 was obtained, and we identified a homozygous mutation in exon 5, @entity71848 , which caused transition of @entity8959 to @entity369 , @entity71849 , in the @entity1 , but not in DNA samples from another 50 healthy individuals. This is the first case of @entity498 with @entity2407 and @entity3807 , and the first Japanese case of @entity498 reported in the English published work with a novel mutation in the @entity23658 gene.

title: Case of XXXX with massive @entity272 , @entity3807 and @entity2407 with a novel mutation in the @entity23658 gene.

answer: @entity498 :: (MESH:C538322,Disease) :: ['H syndrome']


abstract: The aromatase enzyme complex, which regulates the conversion of @entity2671 to @entity1815 , may have an important role in regulating @entity172 synthesis in breast tissues. In this study the effect of @entity5 location on aromatase activity in adjacent tissue was examined and related to @entity650 ( @entity650 ) production, which has been shown to stimulate aromatase activity in @entity0 cells. Samples of normal and malignant breast tissues were obtained from 11 @entity1 undergoing mastectomy. In 7 @entity1 , aromatase activity was highest in the quadrant in which the @entity5 was located or on which the @entity5 impinged. Aromatase activity in @entity5 -bearing quadrants was significantly higher than that in adjacent and opposite quadrants. Aromatase activity and @entity650 production, expressed in terms of tissue weight, were significantly higher for @entity5 tissue compared with normal breast adipose tissue. A significant correlation was found between aromatase activity and @entity650 production for @entity0 tissue (rs = 0.56; P < 0.05), but not for adipose tissue from the breast quadrants. Aromatase activity and @entity650 production were also measured in tissue obtained from a normal @entity1 undergoing reduction mammoplasty who had previously had breast augmentation by @entity1346 injection, not contained within a capsule. In tissue from this @entity1 there was evidence of @entity32 and a marked macrophage response. Aromatase activity in this tissue was considerably higher than that detected in mastectomy adipose tissue samples, and a significant correlation was found between aromatase activity and @entity650 production (rs = 0.77; P < 0.05). A preliminary study to examine the potential role of cells of the immune system in regulating breast tissue aromatase activity revealed that conditioned medium collected from macrophages and lymphocytes could markedly stimulate aromatase activity in @entity5 -derived fibroblasts. The results of this study confirmed that @entity0 location can influence aromatase activity in adjacent tissues and showed that aromatase activity is increased in @entity5 -bearing quadrants. The increased production of @entity650 by @entity5 tissue and its correlation with aromatase activity suggest that @entity5 may be the major source of @entity650 , which is able to influence aromatase activity in adjacent tissues.

title: Aromatase activity and XXXX production by normal and malignant breast tissues.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

answer: @entity650 :: (3569,Gene) :: ['interleukin-6']


abstract: To investigate the pathogenicity of T cells infiltrating in the @entity309 , mononuclear cells (MNC), predominantly T cells, isolated from either synovial fluid or synovial tissues of the @entity1 with @entity309 were transferred into @entity466 ( @entity466 ) @entity19 by intraarticular injections. According to our observations in this experimental system, @entity1 with @entity309 could be classified into at least two groups. In one group of @entity1 , the infiltrating MNC induced @entity1373 in the recipient @entity466 @entity19 (the positive group). Whereas, in the other group no @entity1373 was observed (the negative group). The induction of @entity1373 observed in the positive group was prevented by an anti-human @entity5168 antibody ( @entity19 ), indicating T cell mediation. Analysis of T cell receptor (TCR) V beta usage by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in the infiltrating MNC transferred into @entity466 @entity19 revealed a marked skew towards the preferential use of certain V beta genes, which was not seen in the peripheral blood MNC, in only the positive group. The patterns of TCR/V beta skew were not uniform among the @entity1 . The analysis of the PCR-amplified genes of such skewed TCR/ V beta by single strand conformational polymorphism showed distinct bands, indicating that the T cell populations expanding in @entity309 of the positive group were oligoclonal. Furthermore, the enrichment of the T cell populations expressing such skewed TCR/V beta by in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood MNC of the @entity1 with the relevant superantigen enabled the induction of @entity1373 in the @entity466 @entity19 . These results suggest that the pathogenic T cells could be activated locally in @entity309 by certain antigens in some, but not in all @entity1 with @entity309 .

title: Transfer of @entity309 into @entity466 @entity19 . The pathogenetic implications of T cell populations oligoclonally expanding in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['synovial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid joints', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity466 :: ('MESH:D016511', 'Disease') :: ['SCID', 'severe combined immunodeficient']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid joints']


abstract: To investigate the pathogenicity of T cells infiltrating in the @entity309 , mononuclear cells (MNC), predominantly T cells, isolated from either synovial fluid or synovial tissues of the @entity1 with @entity309 were transferred into @entity466 ( @entity466 ) @entity19 by intraarticular injections. According to our observations in this experimental system, @entity1 with @entity309 could be classified into at least two groups. In one group of @entity1 , the infiltrating MNC induced @entity1373 in the recipient @entity466 @entity19 (the positive group). Whereas, in the other group no @entity1373 was observed (the negative group). The induction of @entity1373 observed in the positive group was prevented by an anti-human @entity5168 antibody ( @entity19 ), indicating T cell mediation. Analysis of T cell receptor (TCR) V beta usage by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in the infiltrating MNC transferred into @entity466 @entity19 revealed a marked skew towards the preferential use of certain V beta genes, which was not seen in the peripheral blood MNC, in only the positive group. The patterns of TCR/V beta skew were not uniform among the @entity1 . The analysis of the PCR-amplified genes of such skewed TCR/ V beta by single strand conformational polymorphism showed distinct bands, indicating that the T cell populations expanding in @entity309 of the positive group were oligoclonal. Furthermore, the enrichment of the T cell populations expressing such skewed TCR/V beta by in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood MNC of the @entity1 with the relevant superantigen enabled the induction of @entity1373 in the @entity466 @entity19 . These results suggest that the pathogenic T cells could be activated locally in @entity309 by certain antigens in some, but not in all @entity1 with @entity309 .

title: Transfer of XXXX into @entity466 @entity19 . The pathogenetic implications of T cell populations oligoclonally expanding in the @entity309 .

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: To investigate the pathogenicity of T cells infiltrating in the @entity309 , mononuclear cells (MNC), predominantly T cells, isolated from either synovial fluid or synovial tissues of the @entity1 with @entity309 were transferred into @entity466 ( @entity466 ) @entity19 by intraarticular injections. According to our observations in this experimental system, @entity1 with @entity309 could be classified into at least two groups. In one group of @entity1 , the infiltrating MNC induced @entity1373 in the recipient @entity466 @entity19 (the positive group). Whereas, in the other group no @entity1373 was observed (the negative group). The induction of @entity1373 observed in the positive group was prevented by an anti-human @entity5168 antibody ( @entity19 ), indicating T cell mediation. Analysis of T cell receptor (TCR) V beta usage by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in the infiltrating MNC transferred into @entity466 @entity19 revealed a marked skew towards the preferential use of certain V beta genes, which was not seen in the peripheral blood MNC, in only the positive group. The patterns of TCR/V beta skew were not uniform among the @entity1 . The analysis of the PCR-amplified genes of such skewed TCR/ V beta by single strand conformational polymorphism showed distinct bands, indicating that the T cell populations expanding in @entity309 of the positive group were oligoclonal. Furthermore, the enrichment of the T cell populations expressing such skewed TCR/V beta by in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood MNC of the @entity1 with the relevant superantigen enabled the induction of @entity1373 in the @entity466 @entity19 . These results suggest that the pathogenic T cells could be activated locally in @entity309 by certain antigens in some, but not in all @entity1 with @entity309 .

title: Transfer of @entity309 into XXXX @entity19 . The pathogenetic implications of T cell populations oligoclonally expanding in the @entity309 .

answer: @entity466 :: (MESH:D016511,Disease) :: ['severe combined immunodeficient']


abstract: To investigate the pathogenicity of T cells infiltrating in the @entity309 , mononuclear cells (MNC), predominantly T cells, isolated from either synovial fluid or synovial tissues of the @entity1 with @entity309 were transferred into @entity466 ( @entity466 ) @entity19 by intraarticular injections. According to our observations in this experimental system, @entity1 with @entity309 could be classified into at least two groups. In one group of @entity1 , the infiltrating MNC induced @entity1373 in the recipient @entity466 @entity19 (the positive group). Whereas, in the other group no @entity1373 was observed (the negative group). The induction of @entity1373 observed in the positive group was prevented by an anti-human @entity5168 antibody ( @entity19 ), indicating T cell mediation. Analysis of T cell receptor (TCR) V beta usage by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in the infiltrating MNC transferred into @entity466 @entity19 revealed a marked skew towards the preferential use of certain V beta genes, which was not seen in the peripheral blood MNC, in only the positive group. The patterns of TCR/V beta skew were not uniform among the @entity1 . The analysis of the PCR-amplified genes of such skewed TCR/ V beta by single strand conformational polymorphism showed distinct bands, indicating that the T cell populations expanding in @entity309 of the positive group were oligoclonal. Furthermore, the enrichment of the T cell populations expressing such skewed TCR/V beta by in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood MNC of the @entity1 with the relevant superantigen enabled the induction of @entity1373 in the @entity466 @entity19 . These results suggest that the pathogenic T cells could be activated locally in @entity309 by certain antigens in some, but not in all @entity1 with @entity309 .

title: Transfer of @entity309 into @entity466 XXXX . The pathogenetic implications of T cell populations oligoclonally expanding in the @entity309 .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification of diseased and normal parathyroid glands during parathyroid surgery can be challenging. The aim of this study was to assess whether near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging using administration of a low-dose @entity6693 (MB) at the start of the operation could provide optical guidance during parathyroid surgery and assist in the detection of @entity3243 . METHODS: @entity1 diagnosed with @entity459 planned for parathyroidectomy were included. @entity1 received 0.5 mg/kg MB intravenously directly after start of anesthesia. During the operation, NIR fluorescence imaging was performed to identify @entity3243 . Imaging results were compared with a previous published feasibility study in which 12 @entity1 received MB after intraoperative identification of the @entity652 . RESULTS: A total of 13 @entity1 were included in the current study. In 10 of 12 @entity1 with a histologically proven @entity652 , the @entity652 was fluorescent. Mean signal to background ratio was 3.1    2.8. Mean diameter of the resected lesions was 17    9 mm (range 5-28 mm). @entity652 could be identified up to 145 minutes after administration, which was the longest timespan until resection. Interestingly, in 3 @entity1 , a total of 6 normal parathyroid glands (median diameter 2.5 mm) with a signal to background ratio of 1.8    0.4 were identified using NIR fluorescence imaging. CONCLUSION: Early administration of low-dose MB provided guidance during parathyroidectomy by identifying both @entity3243 and normal parathyroid glands. In @entity1 in whom difficult identification of the @entity3243 is expected or when normal glands have to be identified, the administration of MB may improve surgical outcome.

title: Intraoperative guidance in parathyroid surgery using near-infrared fluorescence imaging and low-dose XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity6693 :: ('MESH:D008751', 'Chemical') :: ['Methylene Blue']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid adenoma', 'parathyroid adenomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenoma', 'Adenomas']

answer: @entity6693 :: (MESH:D008751,Chemical) :: ['Methylene Blue']


abstract: The aim of the present retrospective study was to determine the long-term quality of life of @entity1 who had undergone @entity5 resection. 135 @entity1 with a @entity5 located in the floor of the mouth and the adjacent area were enrolled in the study. A standard questionnaire was used to determine the physical functional status, the psychological status and social functioning of @entity5 @entity1 (Schipper et al., 1984). The results were related to the T-stage, the size and the location of the intraoral soft tissue defect, the mode of reconstruction and the postoperative interval. The results showed a significant correlation of the Functional Living Index-Cancer (FLIC) score with the Karnowsky-Index. The values were significantly lower in the higher T-stages. The location of the soft tissue defect, the type of soft tissue reconstruction and discontinuity resections of the mandible were crucial for postoperative quality of life, inasmuch as @entity154 with loss of mandibular continuity and myocutaneous flap reconstructions showed significantly lower FLIC values. Reconstruction of mandibular continuity did not contribute to an increase in FLIC values. @entity1282 , reflux of food through the lips and nose during meals, decreased appetite and persistent @entity158 significantly decreased the FLIC scores. It is concluded, that the FLIC is suitable for the determination of life quality in @entity5 @entity1 since the score has shown the potential to reflect differences in postoperative life quality with regard to surgical procedures and functional sequelae.

title: Long-term quality of life after ablative XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral defects']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intraoral tumour', 'cancer', 'malignant tumour']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['intraoral tumour']


abstract: AIM: To establish a cellular model correctly mimicking the gastric epithelium to overcome the limitation in the study of @entity1534 ( @entity1534 ) infection. METHODS: Aiming to overcome this limitation, clones of the heterogenic cancer-derived @entity1 cell line were isolated, by stably-transducing it with the @entity1 @entity2215 (hTERT) catalytic subunit gene. The clones were first characterized regarding their cell growth pattern and phenotype. For that we measured the clones' adherence properties, expression of cell-cell junctions' markers ( @entity11178 and @entity5962 ) and ability to generate a sustained transepithelial electrical resistance. The gastric properties of the clones, concerning expression of mucins, zymogens and glycan contents, were then evaluated by @entity6175 and @entity1711 staining, @entity5644 Schiff (PAS) and PAS/Alcian Blue-staining, immunocytochemistry and Western blot. In addition, we assessed the usefulness of the hTERT-expressing gastric cell line for @entity1534 research, by performing co-culture assays and measuring the IL-8 secretion, by ELISA, upon infection with two @entity1534 strains differing in virulence. RESULTS: Compared with the parental cell line, the most promising NCI-hTERT-derived clones (CL5 and @entity27334 ) were composed of cells with homogenous phenotype, presented higher relative telomerase activities, better adhesion properties, ability to be maintained in culture for longer periods after confluency, and were more efficient in PAS-reactive mucins secretion. Both clones were shown to produce high amounts of @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity31843 . NCI-hTERT-CL5 mucins were shown to be decorated with blood group @entity16090 (BG-H), Lewis-x ( @entity5824 ), @entity25856 and Le(a) and, in a less extent, with BG-A antigens, but the former two antigens were not detected in the NCI-hTERT- @entity27334 . None of the clones exhibited detectable levels of @entity21826 nor sialylated @entity5824 and Le(a) glycans. Entailing good gastric properties, both NCI-hTERT-clones were found to produce @entity35540 and @entity1 @entity71850 . The progenitor-like phenotype of NCI-hTERT- @entity27334 cells was highlighted by large nuclei and by the apical vesicular-like distribution of mucin 5AC and @entity35540 , supporting the accumulation of mucus-secreting and zymogens-chief mature cells functions. CONCLUSION: These traits, in addition to resistance to microaerobic conditions and good responsiveness to @entity1534 co-culture, in a strain virulence-dependent manner, make the NCI-hTERT- @entity27334 a promising model for future in vitro studies.

title: New NCI-N87-derived XXXX gastric epithelial line after @entity1 telomerase catalytic subunit over-expression.

entities_list: @entity5644 :: ('MESH:D010504', 'Chemical') :: ['Periodic acid']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity6175 :: ('CHEBI:5601', 'Chemical') :: ['haematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity2215 :: ('7015', 'Gene') :: ['telomerase reverse-transcriptase']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIM: To establish a cellular model correctly mimicking the gastric epithelium to overcome the limitation in the study of @entity1534 ( @entity1534 ) infection. METHODS: Aiming to overcome this limitation, clones of the heterogenic cancer-derived @entity1 cell line were isolated, by stably-transducing it with the @entity1 @entity2215 (hTERT) catalytic subunit gene. The clones were first characterized regarding their cell growth pattern and phenotype. For that we measured the clones' adherence properties, expression of cell-cell junctions' markers ( @entity11178 and @entity5962 ) and ability to generate a sustained transepithelial electrical resistance. The gastric properties of the clones, concerning expression of mucins, zymogens and glycan contents, were then evaluated by @entity6175 and @entity1711 staining, @entity5644 Schiff (PAS) and PAS/Alcian Blue-staining, immunocytochemistry and Western blot. In addition, we assessed the usefulness of the hTERT-expressing gastric cell line for @entity1534 research, by performing co-culture assays and measuring the IL-8 secretion, by ELISA, upon infection with two @entity1534 strains differing in virulence. RESULTS: Compared with the parental cell line, the most promising NCI-hTERT-derived clones (CL5 and @entity27334 ) were composed of cells with homogenous phenotype, presented higher relative telomerase activities, better adhesion properties, ability to be maintained in culture for longer periods after confluency, and were more efficient in PAS-reactive mucins secretion. Both clones were shown to produce high amounts of @entity2355 , @entity5091 and @entity31843 . NCI-hTERT-CL5 mucins were shown to be decorated with blood group @entity16090 (BG-H), Lewis-x ( @entity5824 ), @entity25856 and Le(a) and, in a less extent, with BG-A antigens, but the former two antigens were not detected in the NCI-hTERT- @entity27334 . None of the clones exhibited detectable levels of @entity21826 nor sialylated @entity5824 and Le(a) glycans. Entailing good gastric properties, both NCI-hTERT-clones were found to produce @entity35540 and @entity1 @entity71850 . The progenitor-like phenotype of NCI-hTERT- @entity27334 cells was highlighted by large nuclei and by the apical vesicular-like distribution of mucin 5AC and @entity35540 , supporting the accumulation of mucus-secreting and zymogens-chief mature cells functions. CONCLUSION: These traits, in addition to resistance to microaerobic conditions and good responsiveness to @entity1534 co-culture, in a strain virulence-dependent manner, make the NCI-hTERT- @entity27334 a promising model for future in vitro studies.

title: New NCI-N87-derived @entity1 gastric epithelial line after XXXX telomerase catalytic subunit over-expression.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Smartphone applications that record a single-lead ECG are increasingly available. We sought to determine the utility of a smartphone application (AliveCor) to record @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ) and to distinguish @entity2917 ( @entity2917 ) from @entity2917 ( @entity2917 ) in pediatric @entity1 . A prior study demonstrated that interpretation of standard event and Holter monitors accurately identifies the @entity591 mechanism in only 45  % of recordings. We performed an IRB-approved prospective study in pediatric @entity1 undergoing an ablation for @entity4710 . Tracings were obtained by placing the smartphone in three different positions on the chest (PI-horizontal, PII-rotated 60   clockwise, and PIII-rotated 120   clockwise). Two blinded pediatric electrophysiologists jointly analyzed a pair of @entity50 and @entity591 tracings in each position. Tracings with visible retrograde P waves were classified as @entity2917 . The three positions were compared by Chi-square test. Thirty-seven @entity1 (age 13.7      2.8  years) were enrolled in the study. Twenty-four had @entity2917 , and 13 had @entity2917 . One hundred and eight pairs of tracings were obtained. The correct diagnosis was made in 27/37 (73  %) with position PI, 28/37 (76  %) with PII, and 20/34 (59  %) with PIII (p  =  0.04 for PII vs. PIII and p  =  NS for other comparisons). A single-lead ECG obtained with a smartphone monitor can successfully record @entity4710 in pediatric @entity1 and can predict the @entity4710 mechanism at least as well as previously published reports of Holter monitors, along with the added convenience of not requiring @entity1 to carry a dedicated monitor.

title: A Smartphone Application to Diagnose the Mechanism of Pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2917 :: ('MESH:D013611', 'Disease') :: ['AVRT', 'AVNRT', 'atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia', 'atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia', 'SVT']

answer: @entity4710 :: (MESH:D013617,Disease) :: ['Supraventricular Tachycardia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Available studies of craniocervical junction (CCJ) involvement in @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) are based on conventional radiography, which has limited ability in the definition of many elements of the CCJ. The goal of the present study was to describe the spectrum of computed tomography (CT) findings in the CCJ in a cohort of @entity1 with @entity1691 . METHODS: CT scans of the cervical spine of 11 @entity1 with @entity1691 and 33 control subjects were reviewed, and imaging findings related to the CCJ were assessed. The standard anatomic intervals describing the CCJ were measured and compared to accepted normal standards. Findings representing pathology were described, categorized by localization, and relation to joints or ligaments of the CCJ. RESULTS: All @entity1691 @entity1 were males with median age of 48  years and median disease duration of 20  years. The calculated median-modified Stoke @entity1691 Spinal Score (mSASSS) for the cervical spine was 8.5 ranging from 0 to 27. Disease-related changes in one or more elements of the CCJ were detected in all @entity1 . @entity2720 were involved in 8 @entity1 , while 3 @entity1 had disease of the @entity7687 . Enthesopathy of the CCJ was observed in 7 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The CCJ is frequently involved in @entity1691 @entity1 with @entity1442 and may be independent on the mSASSS. Both articulations and ligaments of CCJ may be affected in @entity1691 @entity1 .

title: Craniocervical junction involvement in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS', 'Ankylosing Spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity7687 :: ('MESH:D001184', 'Disease') :: ['atlanto-dental articulation']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['Atlanto-occipital joints']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: Introduction. Metabolic conditions, including type 2 @entity6 , have been related to @entity157 ( @entity157 ) risk. We have further analyzed the role of @entity6 and antidiabetic treatments on @entity157 . Methods. Data derived from a hospital-based case-control study (Italy, 2005-2012) on 224 @entity157 @entity1 and 389 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. Results. Sixty-nine (30.9%) cases versus 52 (13.5%) controls reported a @entity6 diagnosis, corresponding to a multivariate OR of 2.25 (95% confidence interval, CI = 1.42-3.56). A stronger excess risk emerged for a longer time since @entity6 diagnosis (OR = 2.96 for <10 years and 5.33 for >= 10 years). Oral therapies were inversely, though not significantly, related to @entity157 risk, OR being 0.44 for @entity2449 and 0.88 for @entity5736 ; conversely, insulin was nonsignificantly directly associated (OR = 1.90). Compared to nondiabetic subjects who were never smokers, those who were @entity6 and ever smokers had an OR of 6.61 (95% CI 3.31-13.25). Conclusion. Our study confirms an over 2-fold excess @entity157 risk in @entity6 , with a stronger excess risk in @entity6 subjects who are also @entity286 smokers. @entity2449 may decrease the risk of @entity157 , whereas insulin may increase the risk.

title: @entity6 and Insulin Therapy, but Not XXXX , Are Related to Hepatocellular Cancer Risk.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5736 :: ('D013453', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfonylureas']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['Metformin', 'metformin']

answer: @entity2449 :: (MESH:D008687,Chemical) :: ['Metformin']


abstract: Introduction. Metabolic conditions, including type 2 @entity6 , have been related to @entity157 ( @entity157 ) risk. We have further analyzed the role of @entity6 and antidiabetic treatments on @entity157 . Methods. Data derived from a hospital-based case-control study (Italy, 2005-2012) on 224 @entity157 @entity1 and 389 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. Results. Sixty-nine (30.9%) cases versus 52 (13.5%) controls reported a @entity6 diagnosis, corresponding to a multivariate OR of 2.25 (95% confidence interval, CI = 1.42-3.56). A stronger excess risk emerged for a longer time since @entity6 diagnosis (OR = 2.96 for <10 years and 5.33 for >= 10 years). Oral therapies were inversely, though not significantly, related to @entity157 risk, OR being 0.44 for @entity2449 and 0.88 for @entity5736 ; conversely, insulin was nonsignificantly directly associated (OR = 1.90). Compared to nondiabetic subjects who were never smokers, those who were @entity6 and ever smokers had an OR of 6.61 (95% CI 3.31-13.25). Conclusion. Our study confirms an over 2-fold excess @entity157 risk in @entity6 , with a stronger excess risk in @entity6 subjects who are also @entity286 smokers. @entity2449 may decrease the risk of @entity157 , whereas insulin may increase the risk.

title: XXXX and Insulin Therapy, but Not @entity2449 , Are Related to Hepatocellular Cancer Risk.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the useful role of intracardiac mapping and radiofrequency catheter ablation in eliminating drug-refractory monomorphic @entity1540 in severely symptomatic @entity1 . BACKGROUND: @entity1540 is commonly encountered in clinical practice. Usually, it is not associated with life-threatening consequences in the absence of significant structural @entity299 . However, frequent @entity1540 can be extremely symptomatic and even incapacitating in some @entity1 . Currently, reassurance and pharmacologic therapy are the mainstays of treatment. There has been little information on the use of catheter ablation in such @entity1 . METHODS: Ten @entity1 with frequent and severely symptomatic monomorphic @entity1540 were selected from three tertiary care centers. The mean frequency +/- SD of @entity1540 was 1,065 +/- 631 beats/h (range 280 to 2,094) as documented by baseline 24-h ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring. No other spontaneous @entity943 were documented. These @entity1 had previously been unable to tolerate or had been unsuccessfully treated with a mean of 5 +/- 3 antiarrhythmic drugs. The site of origin of @entity1540 was accurately mapped by using earliest endocardial activation time during ectopic activity or pace mapping, or both. RESULTS: During electrophysiologic study, no @entity1 had inducible @entity1165 . The ectopic focus was located in the right ventricular outflow tract in nine @entity1 and in the left ventricular posteroseptal region in one @entity1 . Frequent @entity1540 were successfully eliminated by catheter-delivered radiofrequency energy in all 10 @entity1 . The mean number of radiofrequency applications was 2.6 +/- 1.3 (range 1 to 5). No complications were encountered. During a mean follow-up period of 10 +/- 4 months, no @entity1 had a recurrence of symptomatic ectopic activity, and 24-h ambulatory ECG monitoring showed that the frequency of @entity1540 was 0 beat/h in seven @entity1 , 1 beat/h in two @entity1 and 2 beats/h in one @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Radiofrequency catheter ablation can be successfully used to eliminate monomorphic @entity1540 . It may therefore be a reasonable alternative for the treatment of severely symptomatic, drug-resistant monomorphic @entity1540 in @entity1 without significant structural @entity299 .

title: Radiofrequency catheter ablation for management of symptomatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular ectopic activity', 'ventricular ectopic beats', 'ventricular ectopic activity']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1540 :: (MESH:D018879,Disease) :: ['ventricular ectopic activity']


abstract: Participatory systems for surveillance of acute @entity1729 give real-time information about infections circulating in the community, yet to-date are limited to self-reported syndromic information only and lacking methods of linking symptom reports to infection types. We developed the GoViral platform to evaluate  whether a cohort of lay volunteers could, and  would find it  useful to, contribute self-reported symptoms online  and to compare specimen types for self-collected diagnostic information of sufficient quality for @entity1729 surveillance. Volunteers were recruited, given a kit (collection materials and customized instructions), instructed to report their symptoms weekly, and when sick with @entity1109 , requested to collect specimens (saliva and nasal swab). We compared specimen types for respiratory virus detection sensitivity (via polymerase-chain-reaction) and ease of collection. @entity1 were surveyed to determine receptivity to participating when sick, to receiving information on the type of pathogen causing their infection and types circulating near them. Between December 1 2013 and March 1 2014, 295 @entity1 enrolled in the study and received a kit. Of those who reported symptoms, half (71) collected and sent specimens for analysis. @entity1 submitted kits on average 2.30 days (95 CI: 1.65 to 2.96) after symptoms began. We found good concordance between nasal and saliva specimens for multiple pathogens, with few discrepancies.  Individuals report that saliva collection is easiest and report that receiving information about what pathogen they, and those near them, have is valued and can shape public health behaviors. Community-submitted specimens can be used for the detection of acute @entity1729 with individuals showing receptivity for participating and interest in  a real-time picture of respiratory pathogens near them.

title: Surveillance of Acute XXXX Using Community-Submitted Symptoms and Specimens for Molecular Diagnostic Testing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['cold or flu-like symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['Respiratory Infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to analyze the role of complex lesion morphology on the acute results of angioplasty. BACKGROUND: Acute complications of angioplasty are higher in unstable than in stable @entity951 . The unstable culprit lesion is usually complex, indicative of plaque disruption and @entity715 formation. Previous nonrandomized studies have shown that the presence of intracoronary thombus increases morbidity after coronary angioplasty. The role of complex morphology in coronary angioplasty outcome was studied in a prespecified subgroup analysis of a large multicenter coronary angioplasty trial. METHODS: The results of coronary angioplasty from the Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in @entity1459 (TAUSA) trial were analyzed. This large trial randomized 469 @entity1 in double-blinded manner to receive either intracoronary urokinase or placebo during coronary angioplasty of the culprit lesion in @entity63 with or without recent @entity1188 . The study presented here analyzes in detail the results of coronary angioplasty in complex versus simple lesions in the urokinase and placebo groups. @entity75 were defined before angioplasty by a core laboratory as having one or more of the following: irregular borders, overhanging edges, @entity1066 or intraluminal filling defects proximal or distal to the lesion. RESULTS: Of the 469 @entity1 , 458 had identifiable culprit lesions, of which 245 were complex and 213 were simple. @entity75 were associated with a higher abrupt closure rate than simple lesions (10.6% vs. 3.3%, respectively, p < 0.003). @entity1 with complex lesions also had higher recurrent in-hospital @entity951 (p < 0.02) and emergent bypass surgery (p < 0.02). Further analysis of complex lesions revealed that abrupt closure was particularly high in the urokinase group (15.0% vs 5.9% for the placebo group, p < 0.03), and most abrupt closures were @entity715 . Composite clinical end points were also significantly higher with complex lesions and urokinase. In the placebo group, complex lesions had a higher abrupt closure rate as well as postcoronary angioplasty filling defects, but clinical end points were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: @entity75 before coronary angioplasty increase acute complication rates after coronary angioplasty. Urokinase as administered in the TAUSA trial had significant adverse effects, especially in complex lesions. However, even in the placebo arm, complex lesions were associated with higher complication rates than simple lesions. Newer antithrombotic measures that particularly target the platelet may eventually decrease complication rates in these lesions.

title: Angioplasty of complex lesions in XXXX : results of the Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in @entity1459 (TAUSA) trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic rest angina']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Complex lesions']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerations']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['Unstable Angina']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic rest angina']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to analyze the role of complex lesion morphology on the acute results of angioplasty. BACKGROUND: Acute complications of angioplasty are higher in unstable than in stable @entity951 . The unstable culprit lesion is usually complex, indicative of plaque disruption and @entity715 formation. Previous nonrandomized studies have shown that the presence of intracoronary thombus increases morbidity after coronary angioplasty. The role of complex morphology in coronary angioplasty outcome was studied in a prespecified subgroup analysis of a large multicenter coronary angioplasty trial. METHODS: The results of coronary angioplasty from the Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in @entity1459 (TAUSA) trial were analyzed. This large trial randomized 469 @entity1 in double-blinded manner to receive either intracoronary urokinase or placebo during coronary angioplasty of the culprit lesion in @entity63 with or without recent @entity1188 . The study presented here analyzes in detail the results of coronary angioplasty in complex versus simple lesions in the urokinase and placebo groups. @entity75 were defined before angioplasty by a core laboratory as having one or more of the following: irregular borders, overhanging edges, @entity1066 or intraluminal filling defects proximal or distal to the lesion. RESULTS: Of the 469 @entity1 , 458 had identifiable culprit lesions, of which 245 were complex and 213 were simple. @entity75 were associated with a higher abrupt closure rate than simple lesions (10.6% vs. 3.3%, respectively, p < 0.003). @entity1 with complex lesions also had higher recurrent in-hospital @entity951 (p < 0.02) and emergent bypass surgery (p < 0.02). Further analysis of complex lesions revealed that abrupt closure was particularly high in the urokinase group (15.0% vs 5.9% for the placebo group, p < 0.03), and most abrupt closures were @entity715 . Composite clinical end points were also significantly higher with complex lesions and urokinase. In the placebo group, complex lesions had a higher abrupt closure rate as well as postcoronary angioplasty filling defects, but clinical end points were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: @entity75 before coronary angioplasty increase acute complication rates after coronary angioplasty. Urokinase as administered in the TAUSA trial had significant adverse effects, especially in complex lesions. However, even in the placebo arm, complex lesions were associated with higher complication rates than simple lesions. Newer antithrombotic measures that particularly target the platelet may eventually decrease complication rates in these lesions.

title: Angioplasty of complex lesions in @entity63 : results of the Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in XXXX (TAUSA) trial.

answer: @entity1459 :: (MESH:D000789,Disease) :: ['Unstable Angina']