abstract: BACKGROUND: The number of surgeries in older @entity1 with comorbidities is constantly growing. The present study examined the impact of @entity260 and long-term survival in @entity1 with completely resected @entity1149 . METHODS: Between 2004 and 2008, 423 @entity1 with @entity1149 underwent complete resection. A retrospective comparison of perioperative mortality, morbidity, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and postoperative length of hospital stay was performed. RESULTS: The number of @entity1 with CCI 0, 1-2, and >= 3 was 226, 170 and 27, respectively. The 5-year overall survival was 88% among @entity1 with CCI 0, and 84% in those with CCI >= 1 (p   =   0.05) in all pathological stages. The CCI 0 group had significantly better overall survival than CCI 0 group and 30 (15%) in the CCI >= 1 group (p   =   0.024). Length of stay was shorter in the CCI 0 group (11        5 days) than in the CCI >= 1 group (15        19 days, p   =   0.015). CONCLUSIONS: A high CCI correlated with higher postoperative morbidity and longer length of stay. We identified better a prognosis in @entity1 with CCI 0 compared to those with CCI 1-2.

title: Impact of comorbidity index on morbidity and survival in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer', 'non-small cell cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['comorbidity on postoperative complications']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: @entity10473 deaminase (EC 4.3.1.8; @entity64598 ) is the third enzyme of the @entity1446 biosynthetic pathway. In both @entity1 and @entity19 , the gene encoding @entity64598 possesses two promoters, lying in close proximity. We have previously reported the mapping of six nuclear @entity9828 hypersensitive sites at the @entity64598 locus which could contribute to the regulation of the gene. In the present study, and in order to define all the elements necessary for a high level of expression and an integration site independence, we studied the pattern and the level of expression of a cloned @entity64598 gene following integration into a host genome. The longest construct that we tested (12.5 kilobases) contained sufficient regulatory elements to promote expression levels similar to that of the endogenous gene, both in @entity19 and in transfected cells. The overall contribution of individual @entity9828 hypersensitive sites to the expression of the gene was then studied using a series of mutants that were stably transfected into @entity19 @entity6007 cells. Two regions seem to play a critical role in the erythroid-specific expression of the @entity64598 gene: the proximal promoter and a region situated at -1000 relative to the initiation site. Study of individual clones of @entity19 @entity6007 cells revealed that the erythroid-specific expression of the gene was submitted to position effects in the absence of the upstream region, although the housekeeping transcription is not sensitive to such effects. The tandem arrangement of the housekeeping and tissue-specific promoters of the @entity64598 gene raises some questions about the functioning of these two overlapping transcriptional units in erythroid cells. Previous data have suggested that in erythroid cells most of the transcripts initiated at the upstream promoter stop downstream of the first ubiquitous exon, between the two promoters. Here, we show that the deletion of a constitutive @entity9828 hypersensitive site that is located in the region of the elongation block results in opposite effects on the steady state levels of housekeeping and tissue-specific RNA. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that this region promotes premature termination of the housekeeping transcripts therefore preventing promoter interference.

title: Functional analysis of XXXX hypersensitive sites at the @entity19 porphobilinogen deaminase gene locus. Different requirements for position-independent expression from its two promoters.

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity10473 :: ('MESH:D011162', 'Chemical') :: ['Porphobilinogen']

entities_list: @entity6007 :: ('MESH:D004915', 'Disease') :: ['erythroleukemia']

answer: @entity9828 :: (13419(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['DNase-I']


abstract: @entity10473 deaminase (EC 4.3.1.8; @entity64598 ) is the third enzyme of the @entity1446 biosynthetic pathway. In both @entity1 and @entity19 , the gene encoding @entity64598 possesses two promoters, lying in close proximity. We have previously reported the mapping of six nuclear @entity9828 hypersensitive sites at the @entity64598 locus which could contribute to the regulation of the gene. In the present study, and in order to define all the elements necessary for a high level of expression and an integration site independence, we studied the pattern and the level of expression of a cloned @entity64598 gene following integration into a host genome. The longest construct that we tested (12.5 kilobases) contained sufficient regulatory elements to promote expression levels similar to that of the endogenous gene, both in @entity19 and in transfected cells. The overall contribution of individual @entity9828 hypersensitive sites to the expression of the gene was then studied using a series of mutants that were stably transfected into @entity19 @entity6007 cells. Two regions seem to play a critical role in the erythroid-specific expression of the @entity64598 gene: the proximal promoter and a region situated at -1000 relative to the initiation site. Study of individual clones of @entity19 @entity6007 cells revealed that the erythroid-specific expression of the gene was submitted to position effects in the absence of the upstream region, although the housekeeping transcription is not sensitive to such effects. The tandem arrangement of the housekeeping and tissue-specific promoters of the @entity64598 gene raises some questions about the functioning of these two overlapping transcriptional units in erythroid cells. Previous data have suggested that in erythroid cells most of the transcripts initiated at the upstream promoter stop downstream of the first ubiquitous exon, between the two promoters. Here, we show that the deletion of a constitutive @entity9828 hypersensitive site that is located in the region of the elongation block results in opposite effects on the steady state levels of housekeeping and tissue-specific RNA. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that this region promotes premature termination of the housekeeping transcripts therefore preventing promoter interference.

title: Functional analysis of @entity9828 hypersensitive sites at the XXXX porphobilinogen deaminase gene locus. Different requirements for position-independent expression from its two promoters.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: In an attempt to relate the translational characteristics of @entity20435 (A1MV) RNAs to their structure [Ravelonandro et al. (1983) Nucleic Acids Res. 11, 2815-2826; Gehrke et al. (1983) Biochemistry 22, 5157-5164] we measured the relative affinities (discrimination ratios) of these RNAs for the initiation complex, in the @entity3505 germ extract and in the nuclease-treated reticulocyte lysate, using a competition method designed by Brendler et al. [(1981) J. Biol. Chem. 256, 11747-11754]. As a prerequisite of this study we ascertained that the molecular mass distribution of the translation products was independent of RNA concentration in both translation systems. In the @entity3505 germ extract the discrimination ratios are very similar for two strains of A1MV (S and B) which differ mainly by the presence (strain S) or absence (strain B) of a stable 5'-proximal hairpin. Hence this structure has no bearing on discrimination. Taking the affinity of RNA 3 as reference, the following orders of magnitude are found for the affinities of the different RNAs in the @entity3505 germ: RNA 3, 1.0; RNA 1, 10; RNA 2, 60; RNA 4, 150. In the reticulocyte lysate the discrimination ratios are not significantly different from the @entity3505 germ. Thus it seems that the mechanism of discrimination is essentially the same in the two translation systems, despite a difference in rate-limitation.

title: Translational discrimination between the four RNAs of XXXX . A quantitative evaluation.

entities_list: @entity20435 :: ('12321', 'Species') :: ['alfalfa mosaic virus']

answer: @entity20435 :: (12321,Species) :: ['alfalfa mosaic virus']


abstract: From 1981 to 1983, we implanted Bioceram type-4 and type-5 prostheses in 61 @entity572 in 54 @entity1 with @entity571 secondary to @entity7195 , @entity7194 , or @entity3946 . Fifty-seven @entity572 in 50 @entity1 were followed for a mean of 11.1 years (10 to 13). The mean age of the @entity1 at operation was 53 years (31 to 70). Functional evaluation using the Merle d'Aubign   and Postel hip score showed a 77% success rate. Radiological loosening occurred in three femoral (5%) and 16 acetabular components (28%). Autologous femoral head grafts were used in 18 @entity572 and became incorporated, giving mechanical support to the socket except for one which occupied a large weight-bearing area and eventually collapsed. The mean @entity691 wear was 1.1 mm (0 to 3.6) and the mean wear rate was 0.10 mm/year (0 to 0.31). A high rate of wear correlated with calcar resorption (p > 0.002) but not with acetabular loosening. There was no breakage of a ceramic head. Study of the ceramic heads and @entity691 sockets retrieved after ten years showed excellent surface roughness, sphericity, and bending strength for the heads but scratches and voids were seen on the sockets.

title: XXXX sockets and alumina ceramic heads in cemented total hip arthroplasty. A ten-year study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity7195 :: ('OMIM:142700', 'Disease') :: ['acetabular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity7194 :: ('MESH:D007906', 'Disease') :: ['congenital subluxation']

entities_list: @entity3946 :: ('MESH:D006618', 'Disease') :: ['congenital dislocation of the hip']

answer: @entity691 :: (MESH:D020959,Chemical) :: ['Polyethylene']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) serves as an initial barrier to @entity5 development, being proposed as a possible explanation for the usually benign behavior of the @entity977 . We aimed to explore the immunohistochemical expression of the OIS markers, senescence-associated lysosomal b-galactosidase (SA-b-GAL), @entity986 , and @entity3544 in different types of 345 @entity977 and compared it with the expression in the normal pituitary and in the specimens from the repeated surgeries. SA-b-GAL was overexpressed in the @entity977 , compared to the normal pituitaries. @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) producing @entity652 showed the strongest SA-b-GAL, with densely granulated (DG)- @entity2124 @entity652 more reactive than the sparsely granulated (SG). Nuclear @entity3544 was decreased in the @entity652 , except for the SG-GH @entity652 that had higher @entity3544 than the normal pituitaries and the other @entity652 . @entity986 was significantly lower in the @entity652 , without type-related differences. SA-b-GAL was slightly lower and @entity986 slightly higher in the recurrences. Our findings indicate alterations of the senescence program in the different types of @entity977 . Activation of senescence in the @entity977 presents one possible explanation for their usually benign behavior, at least in the @entity2124 @entity652 that show a synchronous increase of two OIS markers. However, subdivision into @entity2124 @entity652 subtypes reveals differences that reflect complex regulatory mechanisms influenced by the interplay between the granularity pattern and the hormonal factors, with possible impact on the different clinical behavior of the SG- and DG- @entity2124 @entity652 subtypes. @entity986 seems to have a more prominent role in the pituitary tumorigenesis than in the senescence. Recurrent growth in a subset of the @entity977 is not associated with consistent changes in the senescence pattern.

title: Oncogene-Induced Senescence in XXXX -an Immunohistochemical Study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['Pituitary Adenomas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of @entity697 is made using clinical findings and investigations. Recent studies have suggested that serum @entity648 , a cheap and simple biochemical test, is a positive predictor in the diagnosis of appendiceal perforation and may be more specific than @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) and white cell count (WCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of the serum @entity648 level in @entity1 with suspected acute but non-perforative @entity698 . METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 213 @entity1 who presented with suspected @entity698 in a 6-month period to Nambour General Hospital was performed. Serum @entity648 , WCC and @entity1851 were recorded and analysed as to their utility in relation to the final diagnosis. RESULTS: A total of 196 @entity1 underwent an appendicectomy and 41 of these were negative. The specificity of hyperbilirubinaemia for @entity698 overall was 0.83 with a positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) of 0.86, compared with @entity1851 (specificity 0.40, @entity2286 0.75) and WCC (specificity 0.67, @entity2286 0.85). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for @entity648 was 0.6289 compared to 0.6171 for @entity1851 and 0.7219 for WCC. A subgroup analysis of those with @entity532 demonstrated a @entity2286 for @entity648 of 0.66 compared to 0.58 for WCC and 0.34 for @entity1851 in agreement with the literature. Subgroup analysis of hyperbilirubinaemia in @entity698 demonstrated a @entity2286 of 0.81 compared to @entity1851 (0.71) and WCC (0.82). CONCLUSION: @entity648 had a higher specificity than @entity1851 and WCC overall in @entity1 with @entity698 . Hyperbilirubinaemia had a high @entity2286 in @entity1 with @entity698 .

title: Hyperbilirubinaemia: its utility in non-perforated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis', 'simple appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin', 'Bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['complicated appendicitis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity698 :: (MESH:D001064,Disease) :: ['appendicitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Continuing medical education (CME) is challenging and often has limited impact on clinician behavior or @entity1 outcomes. This study examined the impact of an online Qstream education program on senior clinicians to determine its utility for increasing clinician knowledge about the latest guidelines regarding genetic assessment and consideration of genetic testing for @entity1 with particular types of @entity43 . @entity1 were recruited into a pilot study that involved responding to case-based scenarios at spaced and repeated intervals. At the completion of the program, semi-structured interviews were conducted to ascertain the impact on their knowledge and referral behavior. Findings from interviews were subject to thematic analysis that involved the identification of categories and themes. Twenty-one @entity1 commenced the program, seventeen completed and twelve participated in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis yielded several themes including knowledge change, curriculum and format and changes in referral patterns. A majority of @entity1 (n   =   10) agreed the program had helped update their knowledge about referring @entity1 , and eight agreed they would now change their referral patterns. The use of QStream as an approach to CME has significant advantages when working with busy clinicians. QStream has a well accepted format and most @entity1 indicated it is very appropriate for disseminating updates to clinical guidelines and protocols. It is important to supplement CME programs with other implementation techniques, such as audit and feedback as multifaceted approaches are more likely to result in behavior change.

title: New Approaches to Continuing Medical Education: a QStream (spaced education) Program for Research Translation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian Cancer']


abstract: We have used apolipoprotein genes to investigate the signal transduction mechanisms involved in the control of intestinal specific gene expression. The @entity1 @entity1675 , @entity12436 , and apoAIV genes are tandemly organized within a 15-kb DNA segment and are expressed predominantly in the liver and intestine. Transient transfection of various @entity1 @entity1675 gene plasmid constructs into @entity1 @entity157 (HepG2) and @entity694 (Caco-2) cells showed that @entity1675 gene transcription is under the control of two separate and distinct cell-specific promoters. The region between @entity2036 -192 and -41 is essential for expression in HepG2 cells, whereas the region from -595 to -192 is essential for expression in Caco-2 cells. A third 0.6 kb DNA fragment in the @entity12436 gene promoter region, approximately 5 kb down-stream from the @entity1 @entity1675 gene, enhances transcription mediated by either of these two tissue-specific @entity1675 promoters. In Caco-2 cells, expression of the @entity1675 gene and activation by the distal enhancer required the presence of a nuclear hormone receptor response element (NHRRE) located in the -214 to -192 @entity1675 promoter region. Overexpression of the orphan receptor @entity5907 ( @entity5907 ), which binds to the NHRRE, dramatically stimulates @entity1675 gene expression in Caco-2 cells but not in HepG2 cells. Maximal stimulation of transcription by @entity5907 in Caco-2 cells required the presence of both the intestinal specific promoter, the NHRRE, and distal enhancer elements. Transactivation by @entity5907 thus appears to result from functional synergy between the NHRRE binding @entity5907 and distal DNA elements containing intestinal-specific DNA binding activities. The @entity1675 gene provides a model system to define the mechanism(s) governing intestinal cell specific gene regulation and the role of nuclear hormone receptors in the establishment and regulation of enterocytic gene transcription.

title: Intestinal apolipoprotein AI gene transcription is regulated by multiple distinct DNA elements and is synergistically activated by the orphan nuclear receptor, XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5907 :: ('3172', 'Gene') :: ['hepatocyte nuclear factor 4', 'HNF-4']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity5907 :: (3172,Gene) :: ['hepatocyte nuclear factor 4']


abstract: AIMS: To identify the histological changes in @entity272 over the first few weeks after the start of @entity1201 treatment and to examine their relationship to reversal reaction. METHODS: Sequential skin biopsy during treatment with multiple drug therapy. In this study, a series of 28 @entity1 was studied, from whom two or more biopsies were taken at two week intervals. Fourteen @entity1 had @entity5117 ( @entity5117 ) and 14 had @entity1202 ( @entity1202 ). RESULTS: In most cases, @entity738 fraction and bacterial index fell during treatment, the bacterial index being less sensitive than the @entity738 fraction. Since the biopsies were fixed in buffered @entity406 and processed through to paraffin wax, little immunohistochemistry was feasible. However, there was strong evidence of immune activation, with increased expression of HLA-DR in the @entity738 of @entity1202 and @entity5117 cases: the epidermis also expressed HLA-DR in several @entity1 . Such changes may reflect gamma IFN production from @entity738 lymphocytes. @entity1 with reversal reaction often showed HLA-DR expression on admission which decreased with corticosteroid treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that activation of cell mediated immunity in @entity75 occurs during treatment with multiple drug therapy and may not be restricted to those with clinical evidence of reversal reaction.

title: Effects of treatment on the histopathology of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5117 :: ('MESH:D056005', 'Disease') :: ['PBL', 'paucibacillary leprosy']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas', 'granuloma']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['leprosy lesions']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity1202 :: ('MESH:D056006', 'Disease') :: ['MBL', 'multibacillary leprosy']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['leprosy skin lesions']

answer: @entity1201 :: (MESH:D007918,Disease) :: ['leprosy']


abstract: Establishment of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial continuity with autologous tissue, avoiding the use of prosthetic conduit, is presented. From February 1992 through March 1993, 22 @entity1 with @entity1146 and @entity215 underwent reparative operation at The Heart institute of Japan. In 20 @entity1 out of the 22 @entity1 , the right ventricular-pulmonary arterial continuity was successfully established with either direct @entity254 or insertion of tailored autologous pericardial tube. The morphology of the right ventricular-pulmonary arterial discontinuity comprised of valvular and infundibular @entity1146 in seven, truncal @entity1146 in nine, and failed extracardiac conduit in four. In @entity1 with relatively short distance between right ventricle and pulmonary artery, the pulmonary artery was retracted and anastomosed directly to the cranial margin of the ventriculotomy incision to serve as a smooth floor made of autologous tissue. In @entity1 with long distance, tailored autologous pericardial tube was interposed between right ventricle and pulmonary artery instead of using prosthetic conduit. Both techniques were completed by mono- or bicuspid anterior patch made of @entity1641 pericardial conduit. There were no early and late deaths. Postoperative catheterization data showed satisfactory reduction of right ventricular pressure with the right-to-left ventricular systolic pressure ratio ranging from 0.42 to 0.69 (average 0.52) in direct @entity254 group and 0.43 to 0.48 (average 0.45) in autologous pericardial tube group, and the pressure gradient across right ventricular outflow tract ranged from 1 to 15 (average 8) mmHg and 1 to 15 (average 5.8), respectively. The distributing frequency of late complication, mainly conduit obstruction, of prosthetic materials prompted us to use autologous tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Reconstruction of pulmonary trunk in @entity1146 and XXXX utilizing autologous tissue].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1146 :: ('MESH:D018633', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary atresia', 'atresia']

answer: @entity215 :: (MESH:D013771,Disease) :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']


abstract: Establishment of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial continuity with autologous tissue, avoiding the use of prosthetic conduit, is presented. From February 1992 through March 1993, 22 @entity1 with @entity1146 and @entity215 underwent reparative operation at The Heart institute of Japan. In 20 @entity1 out of the 22 @entity1 , the right ventricular-pulmonary arterial continuity was successfully established with either direct @entity254 or insertion of tailored autologous pericardial tube. The morphology of the right ventricular-pulmonary arterial discontinuity comprised of valvular and infundibular @entity1146 in seven, truncal @entity1146 in nine, and failed extracardiac conduit in four. In @entity1 with relatively short distance between right ventricle and pulmonary artery, the pulmonary artery was retracted and anastomosed directly to the cranial margin of the ventriculotomy incision to serve as a smooth floor made of autologous tissue. In @entity1 with long distance, tailored autologous pericardial tube was interposed between right ventricle and pulmonary artery instead of using prosthetic conduit. Both techniques were completed by mono- or bicuspid anterior patch made of @entity1641 pericardial conduit. There were no early and late deaths. Postoperative catheterization data showed satisfactory reduction of right ventricular pressure with the right-to-left ventricular systolic pressure ratio ranging from 0.42 to 0.69 (average 0.52) in direct @entity254 group and 0.43 to 0.48 (average 0.45) in autologous pericardial tube group, and the pressure gradient across right ventricular outflow tract ranged from 1 to 15 (average 8) mmHg and 1 to 15 (average 5.8), respectively. The distributing frequency of late complication, mainly conduit obstruction, of prosthetic materials prompted us to use autologous tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Reconstruction of pulmonary trunk in XXXX and @entity215 utilizing autologous tissue].

answer: @entity1146 :: (MESH:D018633,Disease) :: ['pulmonary atresia']


abstract: Fifty-seven @entity1 with advanced measurable urothelial tract @entity5 , 52 of whom had an adequate trial, were treated weekly with 3 to 4 mg. per m.2 vinblastine and 30 to 40 mg. per m.2 @entity1499 . Of 3 @entity1 with unidimensional parameters 2 showed improvement lasting 16 and 27 months, which was documented by serial cystoscopic examinations. An additional 2 @entity1 had measurable disease that could have been encompassed in a preoperative radiotherapy field. Both @entity1 are free of disease at more than 12 and 14 months, respectively. Of the 47 @entity1 with bidimensionally measurable parameters 19 (40 per cent) achieved a complete or partial remission lasting a median of 8 months, with a range of 1 to 24 months. Of 25 @entity1 with intra-abdominal or pelvic disease 7 achieved a complete or partial remission and 5 also had a minor remission. Of note, 18 of 38 @entity1 who had received no prior chemotherapy achieved a remission versus 1 of 9 who had been treated previously (p equals 0.06). Responders frequently obtained another remission with subsequent chemotherapy (4 of 9 versus 0 of 16, p equals 0.03). Responders lived 14 months versus 8 months for nonresponders (p equals 0.02). Four responders had brain metastases compared to none of 28 nonresponders. The combination of @entity5713 and @entity1499 is a well tolerated, effective outpatient regimen for @entity1 with urothelial tract @entity5 .

title: @entity5713 and XXXX for advanced bladder cancer.

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: Fifty-seven @entity1 with advanced measurable urothelial tract @entity5 , 52 of whom had an adequate trial, were treated weekly with 3 to 4 mg. per m.2 vinblastine and 30 to 40 mg. per m.2 @entity1499 . Of 3 @entity1 with unidimensional parameters 2 showed improvement lasting 16 and 27 months, which was documented by serial cystoscopic examinations. An additional 2 @entity1 had measurable disease that could have been encompassed in a preoperative radiotherapy field. Both @entity1 are free of disease at more than 12 and 14 months, respectively. Of the 47 @entity1 with bidimensionally measurable parameters 19 (40 per cent) achieved a complete or partial remission lasting a median of 8 months, with a range of 1 to 24 months. Of 25 @entity1 with intra-abdominal or pelvic disease 7 achieved a complete or partial remission and 5 also had a minor remission. Of note, 18 of 38 @entity1 who had received no prior chemotherapy achieved a remission versus 1 of 9 who had been treated previously (p equals 0.06). Responders frequently obtained another remission with subsequent chemotherapy (4 of 9 versus 0 of 16, p equals 0.03). Responders lived 14 months versus 8 months for nonresponders (p equals 0.02). Four responders had brain metastases compared to none of 28 nonresponders. The combination of @entity5713 and @entity1499 is a well tolerated, effective outpatient regimen for @entity1 with urothelial tract @entity5 .

title: XXXX and @entity1499 for advanced bladder cancer.

answer: @entity5713 :: (MESH:D014747,Chemical) :: ['Vinblastine']


abstract: The feeding habits of Anopheles sacharovi under natural conditions and in feeding rooms were investigated by use of the gel diffusion technique. Mosquitoes were collected from various villages of Cukurova and also from feeding rooms especially prepared for these experiments. @entity1 , @entity291 , @entity742 , @entity1573 , @entity1641 , and @entity15382 were used as hosts in these rooms. The results showed that An. sacharovi is a zoophilic species. The females preferred @entity15382 when @entity1 , @entity291 , @entity742 , @entity1573 , and @entity1641 were equally available. Their preference changed to @entity1641 , @entity291 , and @entity742 in the absence of @entity15382 . The @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) was always smaller than 1 for @entity1 in habitats offering a choice of hosts. The @entity1 blood index was high only in @entity1 dwellings. In other habitats numbers of mosquitoes feeding on animals were higher than on humana. Although the @entity1 blood index was low, An. sacharovi is the principal @entity1 @entity311 vector in @entity233 partly because a significant proportion of those resting in @entity1 dwellings have fed upon the occupants, and partly because of the uneven distribution of @entity1 and animal hosts.

title: Bloodfeeding behavior of Anopheles sacharovi in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['HPI', 'host preference index']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cardiovascular @entity1 take @entity117 ( @entity7943 ) for preventing @entity583 and other @entity1031 . It is already known that in some @entity1 this therapy is not effective. The aim of this study was to assess the percentage of @entity7943 resistance on the sample of @entity1 with coronary artery bypass grafting. Our study included 105 @entity1 with coronary artery bypass grafting treated with @entity7943 150mg/day or lesser. Platelet aggregation was measured by serum @entity7489 level as well as impedance aggregometry from whole blood to determine @entity7943 antiaggregation effect. The percentage of @entity7943 resistance was 41.9% with impedance aggregometry, and after determining the serum @entity7489 level this percentage was only 8.6%. The correlation between these two methods was weak (r=0.443; P<0.0001). @entity1031 complications still occur in @entity7943 -treated @entity1 because some @entity1 are resistant to @entity7943 therapy. It would be useful to monitor the effectiveness of @entity7943 therapy and give another antiaggregation drug to these @entity1 to reduce adverse events. The problem is which test is ideal because different tests show different percentages of @entity7943 resistance.

title: The monitoring of antiaggregation effect of XXXX therapy by measuring serum @entity7489 in @entity1 with coronary artery bypass grafting.

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity7489 :: ('MESH:D013929', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane B2']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['Thromboembolic', 'thromboembolic complications']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cardiovascular @entity1 take @entity117 ( @entity7943 ) for preventing @entity583 and other @entity1031 . It is already known that in some @entity1 this therapy is not effective. The aim of this study was to assess the percentage of @entity7943 resistance on the sample of @entity1 with coronary artery bypass grafting. Our study included 105 @entity1 with coronary artery bypass grafting treated with @entity7943 150mg/day or lesser. Platelet aggregation was measured by serum @entity7489 level as well as impedance aggregometry from whole blood to determine @entity7943 antiaggregation effect. The percentage of @entity7943 resistance was 41.9% with impedance aggregometry, and after determining the serum @entity7489 level this percentage was only 8.6%. The correlation between these two methods was weak (r=0.443; P<0.0001). @entity1031 complications still occur in @entity7943 -treated @entity1 because some @entity1 are resistant to @entity7943 therapy. It would be useful to monitor the effectiveness of @entity7943 therapy and give another antiaggregation drug to these @entity1 to reduce adverse events. The problem is which test is ideal because different tests show different percentages of @entity7943 resistance.

title: The monitoring of antiaggregation effect of @entity117 therapy by measuring serum XXXX in @entity1 with coronary artery bypass grafting.

answer: @entity7489 :: (MESH:D013929,Chemical) :: ['thromboxane B2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cardiovascular @entity1 take @entity117 ( @entity7943 ) for preventing @entity583 and other @entity1031 . It is already known that in some @entity1 this therapy is not effective. The aim of this study was to assess the percentage of @entity7943 resistance on the sample of @entity1 with coronary artery bypass grafting. Our study included 105 @entity1 with coronary artery bypass grafting treated with @entity7943 150mg/day or lesser. Platelet aggregation was measured by serum @entity7489 level as well as impedance aggregometry from whole blood to determine @entity7943 antiaggregation effect. The percentage of @entity7943 resistance was 41.9% with impedance aggregometry, and after determining the serum @entity7489 level this percentage was only 8.6%. The correlation between these two methods was weak (r=0.443; P<0.0001). @entity1031 complications still occur in @entity7943 -treated @entity1 because some @entity1 are resistant to @entity7943 therapy. It would be useful to monitor the effectiveness of @entity7943 therapy and give another antiaggregation drug to these @entity1 to reduce adverse events. The problem is which test is ideal because different tests show different percentages of @entity7943 resistance.

title: The monitoring of antiaggregation effect of @entity117 therapy by measuring serum @entity7489 in XXXX with coronary artery bypass grafting.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity10438 nasal spray (MFNS) has demonstrated efficacy in @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ) in Western populations, data in Asian populations is limited. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind study evaluated MFNS 200  g twice per day ( @entity5353 ) vs placebo in Chinese adults with bilateral nasal polyps (graded as 1, 2, or 3 by the investigator). A 14-day placebo run-in period was followed by a 16-week treatment period with MFNS 200  g @entity5353 vs placebo (1:1 ratio). The co-primary endpoints were change from baseline in nasal congestion/obstruction averaged over the first 4 weeks of treatment and change from baseline in the total polyp size score (sum of scores from the left and right nasal fossa) at week 16. Secondary endpoints included other sinonasal symptoms scores and safety outcomes such as monitoring laboratory measurements, vital signs, and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: There were 748 @entity1 randomized, 375 received MFNS 200  g @entity5353 and 373 received placebo. The between-treatment difference in least squares (LS) mean change from baseline in nasal congestion/obstruction over 4 weeks of treatment was -0.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.22 to -0.06) for MFNS vs placebo (p = 0.0007). The between-treatment difference in LS mean change from baseline in total polyp size score at week 16 was -0.30 (95% CI, -0.45 to -0.15) for MFNS vs placebo (p < 0.0001). Serious AEs were rare (0.5% and 0.8% in MFNS and placebo groups, respectively) and considered not drug-related. There were significantly more @entity137 with MFNS vs placebo (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that MFNS was effective and well tolerated in this population of adult, Chinese @entity1 with @entity1412 .

title: @entity10438 nasal spray in the treatment of XXXX in Chinese @entity1 : a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['AEs of epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['NP', 'nasal polyposis']

entities_list: @entity10438 :: ('MESH:C053915', 'Chemical') :: ['mometasone furoate']

answer: @entity1412 :: (MESH:D011125,Disease) :: ['nasal polyposis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity10438 nasal spray (MFNS) has demonstrated efficacy in @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ) in Western populations, data in Asian populations is limited. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind study evaluated MFNS 200  g twice per day ( @entity5353 ) vs placebo in Chinese adults with bilateral nasal polyps (graded as 1, 2, or 3 by the investigator). A 14-day placebo run-in period was followed by a 16-week treatment period with MFNS 200  g @entity5353 vs placebo (1:1 ratio). The co-primary endpoints were change from baseline in nasal congestion/obstruction averaged over the first 4 weeks of treatment and change from baseline in the total polyp size score (sum of scores from the left and right nasal fossa) at week 16. Secondary endpoints included other sinonasal symptoms scores and safety outcomes such as monitoring laboratory measurements, vital signs, and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: There were 748 @entity1 randomized, 375 received MFNS 200  g @entity5353 and 373 received placebo. The between-treatment difference in least squares (LS) mean change from baseline in nasal congestion/obstruction over 4 weeks of treatment was -0.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.22 to -0.06) for MFNS vs placebo (p = 0.0007). The between-treatment difference in LS mean change from baseline in total polyp size score at week 16 was -0.30 (95% CI, -0.45 to -0.15) for MFNS vs placebo (p < 0.0001). Serious AEs were rare (0.5% and 0.8% in MFNS and placebo groups, respectively) and considered not drug-related. There were significantly more @entity137 with MFNS vs placebo (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that MFNS was effective and well tolerated in this population of adult, Chinese @entity1 with @entity1412 .

title: XXXX nasal spray in the treatment of @entity1412 in Chinese @entity1 : a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity10438 :: (MESH:C053915,Chemical) :: ['Mometasone furoate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity10438 nasal spray (MFNS) has demonstrated efficacy in @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ) in Western populations, data in Asian populations is limited. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind study evaluated MFNS 200  g twice per day ( @entity5353 ) vs placebo in Chinese adults with bilateral nasal polyps (graded as 1, 2, or 3 by the investigator). A 14-day placebo run-in period was followed by a 16-week treatment period with MFNS 200  g @entity5353 vs placebo (1:1 ratio). The co-primary endpoints were change from baseline in nasal congestion/obstruction averaged over the first 4 weeks of treatment and change from baseline in the total polyp size score (sum of scores from the left and right nasal fossa) at week 16. Secondary endpoints included other sinonasal symptoms scores and safety outcomes such as monitoring laboratory measurements, vital signs, and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: There were 748 @entity1 randomized, 375 received MFNS 200  g @entity5353 and 373 received placebo. The between-treatment difference in least squares (LS) mean change from baseline in nasal congestion/obstruction over 4 weeks of treatment was -0.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.22 to -0.06) for MFNS vs placebo (p = 0.0007). The between-treatment difference in LS mean change from baseline in total polyp size score at week 16 was -0.30 (95% CI, -0.45 to -0.15) for MFNS vs placebo (p < 0.0001). Serious AEs were rare (0.5% and 0.8% in MFNS and placebo groups, respectively) and considered not drug-related. There were significantly more @entity137 with MFNS vs placebo (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that MFNS was effective and well tolerated in this population of adult, Chinese @entity1 with @entity1412 .

title: @entity10438 nasal spray in the treatment of @entity1412 in Chinese XXXX : a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The authors reviewed 29 cases of @entity3083 treated from 1973 to 1993 with an average follow-up time of 7.4 years. Clinical findings included back @entity158 , @entity1746 , @entity1513 , @entity221 , @entity132 , and bowel and @entity1494 . Twenty-two @entity1 (76%) presented with @entity51 ; 12 (41%) were initially misdiagnosed. Sixteen @entity1 (55%) had predominant vertebral body involvement; nine had marked @entity79 with neurological compromise. Eleven individuals (39%) had intraspinal granulomatous tissue causing @entity51 in the absence of @entity79 , and two (7%) had intramedullary @entity6551 . All patients received antituberculous medications: 13 were initially treated with bracing alone, eight underwent laminectomy and debridement of extra- or intradural granulomatous tissue, and eight underwent anterior, posterior, or combined fusion procedures. No @entity1 with @entity51 recovered or stabilized with nonoperative management. Thirteen @entity1 were readmitted with progression of inadequately treated @entity4034 ; 12 (92%) of these required new or more radical fusion procedures. @entity177 was associated with marked @entity1513 and @entity66 requiring a graft that spanned more than two disc spaces. Courses of antibiotic medications shorter than 6 months were invariably associated with disease recurrence. It was concluded that 1) @entity1 should receive at least 12 months of appropriate antituberculous therapy; 2) individuals with @entity51 should undergo surgical decompression; 3) laminectomy and debridement are adequate for intraspinal granulomatous tissue in the absence of significant @entity79 ; 4) when vertebral body involvement has produced wedging and @entity1513 , @entity146 debridement and fusion are indicated to prevent delayed instability and progression of disease.

title: XXXX : a diagnostic and management challenge.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6551 :: ('MESH:D014375', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculomas']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disturbance']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multilevel disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative kyphosis', 'kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity3083 :: ('MESH:D014399', 'Disease') :: ['spinal tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity1746 :: ('MESH:D020335', 'Disease') :: ['paraparesis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Anterior fusion failure']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit', 'neurological dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction', 'bone collapse']

answer: @entity3083 :: (MESH:D014399,Disease) :: ['Spinal tuberculosis']


abstract: Self monitoring of @entity6 requires technical knowledge and suitable @entity6 oriented behaviour; the latter arises from the @entity1 's psycho-affective functioning, maturity and self sufficiency. A group of 9 insulin dependent ambulatory, adult, @entity6 met 15 times over 5 months. The somatic and psycho-affective aspects of the disease were approached by an original methodology. Group animation was focussed on the @entity1 themselves. Dynamic mobilisation of the @entity1 was sought by listening to their explicit and implicit requests, by acting out (case studies and role-playing), by restatement and questioning. @entity6 oriented and psycho-affective behaviours were assessed on the basis of questionnaires and statements. At the end of the study, the psycho-affective attitude of the @entity1 towards their illness was modified. The @entity146 , mockery and rejection of @entity6 and @entity6 , initially noted, were progressively replaced by self-awareness and acceptance. As a result, better adjustment of technical behaviour responses was noted. Without precluding any psychodynamic explanation (reunification of the @entity1 ), this study suggests that the @entity1 's reactions towards their own image can be improved with consequential educational benefit.

title: [A broad educational approach to insulin-dependent XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'patient', 'person', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetics', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetics']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lung strain, defined as the ratio between end-inspiratory volume and functional residual capacity, is a marker of the mechanical load during ventilation. However, changes in lung volumes in response to pressures may occur in injured lungs and modify strain values. The objective of this study was to clarify the role of recruitment in strain measurements. METHODS: Six @entity3952 -injured @entity1707 were ventilated at positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 0 and 10 cm @entity4358 before and after a recruitment maneuver (PEEP = 20 cm @entity4358 ). Lung volumes were measured by helium dilution and inductance plethysmography. In addition, six @entity1 with moderate-to-severe acute @entity649 were ventilated with three strategies (peak inspiratory pressure/PEEP: 20/8, 32/8, and 32/20 cm @entity4358 ). Lung volumes were measured in computed tomography slices acquired at end-expiration and end-inspiration. From both series, recruited volume and lung strain (total, dynamic, and static) were computed. RESULTS: In the animal model, recruitment caused a significant decrease in dynamic strain (from [mean    SD] 0.4    0.12 to 0.25    0.07, P < 0.01), while increasing the static component. In @entity1 , total strain remained constant for the three ventilatory settings (0.35    0.1, 0.37    0.11, and 0.32    0.1, respectively). Increases in tidal volume had no significant effects. Increasing PEEP constantly decreased dynamic strain (0.35    0.1, 0.32    0.1, and 0.04+0.03, P < 0.05) and increased static strain (0, 0.06    0.06, and 0.28    0.11, P < 0.05). The changes in dynamic and total strain among @entity1 were correlated to the amount of recruited volume. An analysis restricted to the changes in normally aerated lung yielded similar results. CONCLUSION: Recruitment causes a shift from dynamic to static strain in early acute @entity649 .

title: Impact of Recruitment on Static and Dynamic Lung Strain in Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['Respiratory Distress Syndrome']


abstract: The pathological changes in @entity177 are heterogeneous and may depend on the primary disease process. Renal function is better correlated with tubular and interstitial changes than with glomerular changes detectable in simple two-dimensional sections. Atubular glomeruli have been demonstrated in many @entity1986 . They constitute a significant portion of the glomerular population in some @entity740 . The atubular glomeruli are generally small, but they have open capillaries and minor ultrastructural changes. The number of capillaries is decreased. Glomeruli connected to normal proximal tubules have volumes at the normal level or above. They have not been shown to be eliminated. The presence of atubular glomeruli may explain the correlation between the volume of proximal tubules and the volume of interstitium, on the one hand, and altered renal function on the other. The presence of atubular glomeruli could explain the irreversibility of @entity740 . It is likely that @entity82 and @entity194 in themselves contribute to the decrease in renal function of both @entity8 . In @entity8 , the @entity8 and hyperfiltration may play the major part in the pathogenesis of the deterioration of renal function. The available evidence points toward glomerulo-tubular disconnection as an important and common cause of progression and irreversibility of @entity740 . It provides a simple explanation for the common observation of severely reduced kidney function and mostly normal-looking glomeruli--at least in two dimensions.

title: Atubular glomeruli in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['glomerular and nonglomerular renal diseases', 'glomerular lesion', 'glomerular diseases']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal diseases']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['tubular atrophy']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['tubulointerstitial disorders']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['chronic renal disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity34923 ( @entity34923 HH103 is a broad host-range @entity1568 -fixing bacterium able to nodulate many legumes, including @entity1460 . In several rhizobia, root nodulation is influenced by proteins secreted through the type 3 secretion system (T3SS). This specialized secretion apparatus is a common virulence mechanism of many plant and animal pathogenic bacteria that delivers proteins, called effectors, directly into the eukaryotic host cells where they interfere with signal transduction pathways and promote @entity281 by suppressing host defenses. In rhizobia, secreted proteins, called nodulation outer proteins (Nops), are involved in host-range determination and symbiotic efficiency. @entity73271 secretes at least eight Nops through the T3SS. Interestingly, there are Rhizobium-specific Nops, such as NopC, which do not have homologues in pathogenic bacteria. In this work we studied the @entity73271 nopC gene and confirmed that its expression was regulated in a @entity3096 -, NodD1- and TtsI-dependent manner. Besides, in vivo bioluminescent studies indicated that the @entity73271 T3SS was expressed in young @entity1460 nodules and @entity1920 cyclase assays confirmed that NopC was delivered directly into @entity1460 root cells by means of the T3SS machinery. Finally, nodulation assays showed that NopC exerted a positive effect on symbiosis with @entity1460 cv. Williams 82 and @entity11314 . All these results indicate that NopC can be considered a Rhizobium-specific effector secreted by @entity73271 .

title: NopC Is a Rhizobium-Specific Type 3 Secretion System Effector Secreted by @entity34923 ( XXXX HH103.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity1920 :: ('CHEBI:16027', 'Chemical') :: ['adenylate']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity34923 :: ('380', 'Species') :: ['Sinorhizobium', 'Ensifer) fredii']

entities_list: @entity1460 :: ('3847', 'Species') :: ['soybean', 'Glycine max']

entities_list: @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoid']

entities_list: @entity11314 :: ('3917', 'Species') :: ['Vigna unguiculata']

answer: @entity34923 :: (380,Species) :: ['Ensifer) fredii']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity34923 ( @entity34923 HH103 is a broad host-range @entity1568 -fixing bacterium able to nodulate many legumes, including @entity1460 . In several rhizobia, root nodulation is influenced by proteins secreted through the type 3 secretion system (T3SS). This specialized secretion apparatus is a common virulence mechanism of many plant and animal pathogenic bacteria that delivers proteins, called effectors, directly into the eukaryotic host cells where they interfere with signal transduction pathways and promote @entity281 by suppressing host defenses. In rhizobia, secreted proteins, called nodulation outer proteins (Nops), are involved in host-range determination and symbiotic efficiency. @entity73271 secretes at least eight Nops through the T3SS. Interestingly, there are Rhizobium-specific Nops, such as NopC, which do not have homologues in pathogenic bacteria. In this work we studied the @entity73271 nopC gene and confirmed that its expression was regulated in a @entity3096 -, NodD1- and TtsI-dependent manner. Besides, in vivo bioluminescent studies indicated that the @entity73271 T3SS was expressed in young @entity1460 nodules and @entity1920 cyclase assays confirmed that NopC was delivered directly into @entity1460 root cells by means of the T3SS machinery. Finally, nodulation assays showed that NopC exerted a positive effect on symbiosis with @entity1460 cv. Williams 82 and @entity11314 . All these results indicate that NopC can be considered a Rhizobium-specific effector secreted by @entity73271 .

title: NopC Is a Rhizobium-Specific Type 3 Secretion System Effector Secreted by XXXX ( @entity34923 HH103.

answer: @entity34923 :: (380,Species) :: ['Sinorhizobium']


abstract: @entity5 in the spermatic cord is infrequent. Further, among such cases, it is extremely rare to encounter a @entity189 other than a nonepithelial @entity5 ; almost all are @entity3 . We recently experienced an interesting case of spermatic @entity4097 in a 78-year-old male. He entered our hospital with the chief complaint of a right inguinal @entity5 . He underwent 2 operations to excise the @entity5 . The extirpated @entity5 mass from the right spermatic cord was composed of @entity420 with abundant @entity82 , which is considered to be @entity3 from the other viscerae. We were unable to find the primary focus in spite of extensive clinical and pathological examinations. In an autopsy about four months after the 2nd operation, the @entity5 was confirmed to be primary @entity1126 , which is called @entity10923 . There have been only 20 cases of metastatic spermatic @entity4097 reported in Japan. However, we considered that this is the 1st case caused by @entity10923 in Japan and even in other countries.

title: [A case of XXXX of the spermatic cord due to @entity10923 ].

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous stroma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1126 :: ('MESH:D001650', 'Disease') :: ['intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity4097 :: ('MESH:D013120', 'Disease') :: ['cord tumor']

entities_list: @entity10923 :: ('MESH:D002759', 'Disease') :: ['cholangioma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['metastatic carcinoma']


abstract: @entity5 in the spermatic cord is infrequent. Further, among such cases, it is extremely rare to encounter a @entity189 other than a nonepithelial @entity5 ; almost all are @entity3 . We recently experienced an interesting case of spermatic @entity4097 in a 78-year-old male. He entered our hospital with the chief complaint of a right inguinal @entity5 . He underwent 2 operations to excise the @entity5 . The extirpated @entity5 mass from the right spermatic cord was composed of @entity420 with abundant @entity82 , which is considered to be @entity3 from the other viscerae. We were unable to find the primary focus in spite of extensive clinical and pathological examinations. In an autopsy about four months after the 2nd operation, the @entity5 was confirmed to be primary @entity1126 , which is called @entity10923 . There have been only 20 cases of metastatic spermatic @entity4097 reported in Japan. However, we considered that this is the 1st case caused by @entity10923 in Japan and even in other countries.

title: [A case of @entity189 of the spermatic cord due to XXXX ].

answer: @entity10923 :: (MESH:D002759,Disease) :: ['cholangioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To validate the In-hospital Mortality for @entity1151 using Claims daTa (IMPACT) multivariable prediction rule using admission claims data. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective claims database analysis. METHODS: This analysis was performed using Humana admission claims data from January 2007 to March 2014. We included adult @entity1 admitted for their first PE during this period (International Classification of Diseases, ninth edition, Clinical Modification code of 415.1x in in the primary position or secondary position when accompanied by a primary code for a @entity532 ). The IMPACT rule, consisting of age plus 11 comorbidities, was used to estimate @entity1 ' probability of in-hospital mortality and classify risk. Low risk was defined as in-hospital mortality  <= 1.5%. IMPACT was evaluated by evaluating prognostic test characteristic values and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: A total of 23,858 @entity1 admitted for PE were included, and 3.3% died in-hospital. The IMPACT prediction rule classified 2371 (9.9%) as low-risk; with a sensitivity of 97.6%, 95% CI: 96.1-98.5, specificity of 10.2%, 95% CI: 9.8-10.6, negative and positive predictive values of 99.2% (95% CI: 98.7-99.5) and 3.5% (95% CI: 3.3-3.8) and c-statistic of 0.70, 95% CI: 0.0.68-0.72, for in-hospital mortality. IMPACT classified 42.7% of @entity1 < 65 years old as low-risk; with a sensitivity, specificity and c-statistic of 85.0%, 95% CI: 77.4-90.5, 43.3%, 95% CI: 42.0-44.7 and 0.74, 95% CI: 0.69-0.78, respectively. CONCLUSION: The IMPACT prediction rule was valid when implemented in a database consisting largely of Medicare claims. Following further external validation and direct comparison to commonly used clinical prediction rules, IMPACT may become a valuable tool for payers and hospitals wishing to retrospectively assess whether their PE @entity1 are being kept hospitalized for the optimal period of time.

title: External validation of the In-hospital Mortality for XXXX using Claims daTa (IMPACT) multivariable prediction rule.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['PE complication']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['PulmonAry embolism']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['PulmonAry embolism']


abstract: Transplant @entity4065 is a major late complication in @entity1 heart allograft recipients and the pathogenesis of @entity4065 remains uncertain. The degree to which lipids and atheromata are involved in the @entity75 remains unsettled, and there is uncertainty regarding the significance of insudation or retention of lipids within the coronary artery walls of transplanted hearts. On current immunosuppressive regimens, most @entity1 experience an increased serum total @entity165 and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 after transplant. Elevation of these blood lipids has an undetermined relationship to @entity4065 . We carried out morphological, morphometric, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and biochemical studies of particular coronary artery segments from 23 unselected explant or autopsy allografts and donor age-matched native coronary controls. @entity1 died of cardiac and non-cardiac reasons over a period of 4 to 1610 days after transplant. Atheromata were frequent, and diffuse intra- and extra-cellular accumulation of lipids in both intimal and medial walls was documented by oil red O positivity, immunohistochemical staining (muscle-specific alpha-actin), transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and biochemical analysis. Mean total @entity165 , esterified @entity165 , free @entity165 , and phospholipid content (microgram/cm2 intimal surface area) and concentration (microgram/mg dry defatted weight) in arteriopathic coronaries were > 10-fold higher than in comparable native coronary segments. Extent of lipids in the arterial walls was highly correlated with digitized percent luminal narrowing, mean daily and cumulative @entity205 dose, and mean cumulative @entity229 dose. Our data suggests strongly that lipid accumulation is an important early and persistent phenomenon in the development of @entity8 .

title: Prominence of coronary arterial wall lipids in @entity1 heart allografts. Implications for pathogenesis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['transplant arteriopathy']

entities_list: @entity4065 :: ('MESH:C537440', 'Disease') :: ['arteriopathy', 'such arteriopathy']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['arteriopathic lesions']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity4065 :: (MESH:C537440,Disease) :: ['allograft arteriopathy']


abstract: Transplant @entity4065 is a major late complication in @entity1 heart allograft recipients and the pathogenesis of @entity4065 remains uncertain. The degree to which lipids and atheromata are involved in the @entity75 remains unsettled, and there is uncertainty regarding the significance of insudation or retention of lipids within the coronary artery walls of transplanted hearts. On current immunosuppressive regimens, most @entity1 experience an increased serum total @entity165 and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 after transplant. Elevation of these blood lipids has an undetermined relationship to @entity4065 . We carried out morphological, morphometric, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and biochemical studies of particular coronary artery segments from 23 unselected explant or autopsy allografts and donor age-matched native coronary controls. @entity1 died of cardiac and non-cardiac reasons over a period of 4 to 1610 days after transplant. Atheromata were frequent, and diffuse intra- and extra-cellular accumulation of lipids in both intimal and medial walls was documented by oil red O positivity, immunohistochemical staining (muscle-specific alpha-actin), transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and biochemical analysis. Mean total @entity165 , esterified @entity165 , free @entity165 , and phospholipid content (microgram/cm2 intimal surface area) and concentration (microgram/mg dry defatted weight) in arteriopathic coronaries were > 10-fold higher than in comparable native coronary segments. Extent of lipids in the arterial walls was highly correlated with digitized percent luminal narrowing, mean daily and cumulative @entity205 dose, and mean cumulative @entity229 dose. Our data suggests strongly that lipid accumulation is an important early and persistent phenomenon in the development of @entity8 .

title: Prominence of coronary arterial wall lipids in XXXX heart allografts. Implications for pathogenesis of @entity4065 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Evidence shows that @entity385 can induce brain structural reorganization. Acupuncture is advised as an adjunct to mainstream rehabilitation after @entity64 . However, the effectiveness of acupuncture is inconsistent among previous studies. Fourteen @entity63 @entity1 were collected and divided into two groups: conventional treatment group (CG) and acupuncture treatment group (AG). The results of a Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and diffusion tensor imaging were collected before and after treatment. The AG exhibited a higher improvement in FMA than the CG. Repeated measures analysis of variance on diffusion data only found a significant main effect for scanning time point in all diffusion indices. In each group, a postpair t-test revealed that diffusion indices values were changed significantly after treatment intervention in the body of the corpus callosum and bilateral corticospinal tracts, the @entity75 , the cingulum gyrus, and the thalamic radiation. However, there was no significant difference in the diffusion indices between the two groups. In conclusion, acupuncture had a better behavioral score than traditional medicine treatment. However, acupuncture did not significantly change WM in the AG compared to the CG as expected within one month after the intervention.

title: The Effect of Acupuncture on the Motor Function and White Matter Microstructure in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['inferior longitudinal fasciculus, the inferior frontooccipital fasciculus, the superior longitudinal fasciculus, the forceps minor']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Evidence shows that @entity385 can induce brain structural reorganization. Acupuncture is advised as an adjunct to mainstream rehabilitation after @entity64 . However, the effectiveness of acupuncture is inconsistent among previous studies. Fourteen @entity63 @entity1 were collected and divided into two groups: conventional treatment group (CG) and acupuncture treatment group (AG). The results of a Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and diffusion tensor imaging were collected before and after treatment. The AG exhibited a higher improvement in FMA than the CG. Repeated measures analysis of variance on diffusion data only found a significant main effect for scanning time point in all diffusion indices. In each group, a postpair t-test revealed that diffusion indices values were changed significantly after treatment intervention in the body of the corpus callosum and bilateral corticospinal tracts, the @entity75 , the cingulum gyrus, and the thalamic radiation. However, there was no significant difference in the diffusion indices between the two groups. In conclusion, acupuncture had a better behavioral score than traditional medicine treatment. However, acupuncture did not significantly change WM in the AG compared to the CG as expected within one month after the intervention.

title: The Effect of Acupuncture on the Motor Function and White Matter Microstructure in @entity385 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of electrocardiographic (ECG) findings suggestive of @entity1164 risk in apparently healthy young Korean @entity1 . METHODS: We administered questionnaires that elicited personal and family histories and performed ECGs on 10,867 male subjects (mean age, 20.9 years). The subjects with abnormal ECG findings underwent echocardiography, a treadmill test, Holter monitoring, a @entity6237 provocation test, or an electrophysiologic study (EPS) according to the ECG findings and histories. RESULTS: Of the subjects, 5.95% had left @entity123 on ECG, but no subjects had @entity1121 by echocardiography. The percentage of subjects with a Brugada ECG pattern was 0.90%. We identified one subject with a positive result on the @entity6237 provocation test. The percentage of subjects with a preexcitation ECG was 0.17%. In two of the subjects, @entity4710 was induced in the EPS. Of the subjects, 0.05% had epsilon waves, but there were no subjects with @entity4128 right @entity67 / @entity296 by echocardiography. The percentage of subjects with long QT intervals was 0.02%, but there were no @entity943 on the treadmill test or Holter monitoring. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of a Brugada ECG pattern in apparently healthy young @entity1 is higher in Korea than other countries.

title: Prevalence of electrocardiographic findings suggestive of XXXX risk in 10,867 apparently healthy young Korean @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['sudden cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity4128 :: ('MESH:D019571', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmogenic']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

entities_list: @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1164 :: (MESH:D016757,Disease) :: ['sudden cardiac death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of electrocardiographic (ECG) findings suggestive of @entity1164 risk in apparently healthy young Korean @entity1 . METHODS: We administered questionnaires that elicited personal and family histories and performed ECGs on 10,867 male subjects (mean age, 20.9 years). The subjects with abnormal ECG findings underwent echocardiography, a treadmill test, Holter monitoring, a @entity6237 provocation test, or an electrophysiologic study (EPS) according to the ECG findings and histories. RESULTS: Of the subjects, 5.95% had left @entity123 on ECG, but no subjects had @entity1121 by echocardiography. The percentage of subjects with a Brugada ECG pattern was 0.90%. We identified one subject with a positive result on the @entity6237 provocation test. The percentage of subjects with a preexcitation ECG was 0.17%. In two of the subjects, @entity4710 was induced in the EPS. Of the subjects, 0.05% had epsilon waves, but there were no subjects with @entity4128 right @entity67 / @entity296 by echocardiography. The percentage of subjects with long QT intervals was 0.02%, but there were no @entity943 on the treadmill test or Holter monitoring. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of a Brugada ECG pattern in apparently healthy young @entity1 is higher in Korea than other countries.

title: Prevalence of electrocardiographic findings suggestive of @entity1164 risk in 10,867 apparently healthy young Korean XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: To evaluate the long-term effects of @entity8253 on the myocardium of the young @entity1 we examined 34 @entity1 who had been treated with @entity8253 in childhood. In addition to @entity4349 , the @entity1 were treated with other potentially @entity1370 substances within the framework of different protocols. The mean cumulative @entity4349 dose was 128.6 mg/m2, the average age at onset of chemotherapy 4.2 years, and the time interval after discontinuation of treatment 9.0 years. The cardiological examination consisted of a physical examination, electrocardiography and echocardiography, including Doppler and bio-impedance cardiography. The @entity1 were studied at rest and after physical exercise with a cycle ergometer test in a supine position. The results of the physical examination, the electrocardiogram at rest and the 24 h Holter monitoring were normal. The left ventricular enddiastolic diameter, shortening fraction, velocity of fibre shortening (VCF), the diastolic flow profile at the mitral valve level and the @entity64 at rest were also normal. However, the shortening fraction (SF) was below the margin of 2 standard deviations in two @entity1 and the VCF in three @entity1 . There was a significant reduction in septal thickness, (-1.4 SD, P < 0.0004), in the width of left ventricular posterior wall (-1.5 SD, P > 0.0002) and in the left ventricular myocardial mass (-0.76 SD, P = 0.0042). Physical working capacity was normal. Immediately after physical stress the expected rise of SF and VCF did not occur and the SF fell below the values at rest. In comparison to a healthy control group the SF and the VCF were markedly decreased (P > 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Late effects of XXXX therapy in childhood in relation to the function of the heart at rest and under physical stress.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac stroke volume']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxic']

answer: @entity4349 :: (CHEBI:48120,Chemical) :: ['anthracycline']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors describe their experience with @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) recipients undergoing noncardiac surgery and delineate surgical, anesthetic, and logistic factors important in the successful intraoperative management of these @entity1 . SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Left ventricular assist-devices have become part of the armamentarium in the treatment of end-stage @entity712 . As the numbers of @entity1 chronically supported with long-term implantable devices grows, general surgical problems that are commonly seen in other hospitalized @entity1 are becoming manifest. Of particular interest is the intraoperative management of @entity1 undergoing elective noncardiac surgical procedures. METHODS: The anesthesia records and clinical charts were reviewed for eight ventricular assist-device recipients undergoing general surgical procedures between August 1, 1990 and August 31, 1994. RESULTS: A total of 12 procedures were performed in 6 @entity1 and 2 @entity1 averaging 52.7 years of age. Mean time elapsed from device implantation to operation was 68 +/- 35 days. Conventional inhalational and intravenous anesthetic techniques were well tolerated in these @entity1 undergoing diverse surgical procedures. No perioperative mortality was observed. Five of eight @entity1 went on to successful cardiac transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Hemodynamic recovery after @entity1002 insertion has defined a new group of @entity1 who develop noncardiac surgical problems often seen in other @entity3124 @entity1 . Recognition of the unique potential problems that the @entity1002 recipient may encounter in the perioperative period--in particular @entity1 positioning, device limitations, and fluid and inotropic management--will ensure an optimal surgical outcome for @entity1002 recipients undergoing noncardiac surgery.

title: Noncardiac surgery in long-term implantable XXXX recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVAD', 'left ventricular assist-device']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['left ventricular assist-device']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The primary aim of U-CARE (Unexplained Cardiac Arrest Registry of Europe) is to collect clinical information on survivors about a documented episode of @entity10689 ( @entity10689 ) and to follow these @entity1 (pts) prospectively to acquire information on 1) recurrence of malignant @entity943 or @entity1167 , 2) development of a previously non obvious @entity299 , 3) potential difference in outcome in pts treated with different drugs or devices. METHODS AND RESULTS: Within April 15th, 1994, eighty-six pts have been enrolled, 65 males and 21 females. The mean age at the time of the first @entity1167 was 35 +/- 15 years. Clinical evaluation revealed "minor" functional or anatomical abnormalities in 14 subjects and they were excluded from the analysis. In the remaining 72 pts, no abnormalities were found at echocardiogram, Holter, angiography, exercise stress test. At the electrophysiologic study 35/68 pts were inducible. Thirty-eight pts received pharmacologic therapy, 28 an implantable defibrillator ( @entity1479 ), three pts received both an @entity1479 and drug therapy and three were left untreated. Follow-up data are available for 37 pts with a mean follow-up of 4.4 +/- 2.6 years. No @entity1 had evidence of structural @entity299 . Twenty-three pts remained asymptomatic, 12 (32%) had a recurrence of @entity1163 or @entity1167 : three died suddenly and 2 were defibrillated by the @entity1479 . This study that represents the largest experience in @entity10689 , shows: 1) all @entity1 remained free from any @entity299 at follow-up, 2) they have a high risk of recurrence of major arrhythmic events. CONCLUSIONS: An @entity1479 implant would be appropriate in this population, at least until data on the efficacy of the pharmacologic therapy will be available.

title: [ XXXX : from a collection of clinical cases to a prospective evaluation. The U-CARE Steering Committee. Unexplained Cardiac Arrest Registry of Europe].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity10689 :: ('MESH:C537182', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'idiopathic ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['organic heart disease', 'heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity10689 :: (MESH:C537182,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation']


abstract: @entity27 is a @entity66 with pathologic sequelae that become apparent after a number of years. @entity1 with @entity27 generally present with @entity2147 , and diagnosis is eventually established through observation of the @entity1 during sleep. @entity1 with @entity27 snore loudly and experience nocturnal @entity26 desaturation and repetitive disruptions from sleep that eventually lead to daytime @entity2147 . Numerous complex interactive pathophysiologic events occur during each obstructive episode, and it is important for the clinician to be aware of the cardiopulmonary, neurologic, and anatomic abnormalities associated with this condition. The anatomic configuration of the pharynx and the physiologic response to occlusion of the upper airway have a major role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Alveolar ventilation during an apneic episode is immediately reduced to zero, and the metabolic demands for @entity26 must be met by @entity26 stores within the body. With repetitive episodes of obstruction, the @entity26 stores within the lungs are diminished and the rate of arterial @entity7672 desaturation increases. During @entity2749 , the systemic blood pressure increases while heart rate and cardiac output decrease. Bradydysrhythmias have been noted with the obstructive @entity2749 , and @entity943 are associated with episodes of severe @entity7672 desaturation. Coexisting @entity4094 in @entity1 with @entity27 contributes to the development of @entity3316 , serious gas exchange derangement, and general cardiovascular instability.

title: XXXX : a @entity66 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4094 :: ('MESH:D009468', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary or neuromuscular disease']

entities_list: @entity2749 :: ('MESH:C580065', 'Disease') :: ['apneic episodes']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multisystemic disorder']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea', 'Obstructive sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['hypersomnolence']

entities_list: @entity3316 :: ('MESH:D007040', 'Disease') :: ['hypoventilation']

entities_list: @entity7672 :: ('CHEBI:7861', 'Chemical') :: ['oxyhemoglobin']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysrhythmias']

answer: @entity27 :: (MESH:D020181,Disease) :: ['Obstructive sleep apnea']


abstract: @entity27 is a @entity66 with pathologic sequelae that become apparent after a number of years. @entity1 with @entity27 generally present with @entity2147 , and diagnosis is eventually established through observation of the @entity1 during sleep. @entity1 with @entity27 snore loudly and experience nocturnal @entity26 desaturation and repetitive disruptions from sleep that eventually lead to daytime @entity2147 . Numerous complex interactive pathophysiologic events occur during each obstructive episode, and it is important for the clinician to be aware of the cardiopulmonary, neurologic, and anatomic abnormalities associated with this condition. The anatomic configuration of the pharynx and the physiologic response to occlusion of the upper airway have a major role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Alveolar ventilation during an apneic episode is immediately reduced to zero, and the metabolic demands for @entity26 must be met by @entity26 stores within the body. With repetitive episodes of obstruction, the @entity26 stores within the lungs are diminished and the rate of arterial @entity7672 desaturation increases. During @entity2749 , the systemic blood pressure increases while heart rate and cardiac output decrease. Bradydysrhythmias have been noted with the obstructive @entity2749 , and @entity943 are associated with episodes of severe @entity7672 desaturation. Coexisting @entity4094 in @entity1 with @entity27 contributes to the development of @entity3316 , serious gas exchange derangement, and general cardiovascular instability.

title: @entity27 : a XXXX .

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['multisystemic disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acne scars are difficult to treat. @entity272 ( @entity272 ) is a technique using high strength @entity2804 ( @entity2974 ) focally on the @entity2318 to induce collagenization and cosmetic improvement. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity272 technique using 100% @entity2974 in @entity12967 in dark skin types IV and V. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with ice pick @entity2318 were initially primed for 2 weeks before the procedure. The priming agents used were @entity8156 4% applied in the morning and tretinoin 0.025% in the night. Sunscreens were advised to prevent @entity2117 . Subsequently, they underwent focal application of 100% @entity2974 with a wooden toothpick in each individual scar, at 2 weekly intervals, for four sessions. Improvement was assessed by the physician, photographic assessment by an independent investigator, and @entity1 feedback by visual analogue scale after the fourth treatment. RESULTS: Excellent improvement (more than 70%) was observed in the majority of @entity1 (73.3%), while 20% @entity1 showed good improvement (50-70%) and 6.7% @entity1 had fair results (30-49%) at the end of four sessions. Transient @entity4182 was observed in one @entity1 and @entity2117 in two @entity1 . However, no significant adverse effects such as prolonged pigmentary changes or scarring were noted. CONCLUSION: Treatment of ice pick @entity2318 with the @entity272 technique using high strength 100% @entity2974 is a safe, minimally invasive, efficacious, and cost-effective technique in darker skin. Adequate priming and continued use of @entity8156 and @entity1968 reduces complications and promotes healing.

title: Evaluation of XXXX technique with 100% @entity2974 in the management of ice pick @entity2318 in darker skin types.

entities_list: @entity12967 :: ('MESH:D051270', 'Disease') :: ['ice pick scars']

entities_list: @entity4182 :: ('MESH:D017496', 'Disease') :: ['hypopigmentation']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic acne scars', 'acne scars']

entities_list: @entity8156 :: ('MESH:C031927', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroquinone']

entities_list: @entity2117 :: ('MESH:D017495', 'Disease') :: ['postinflammatory hyperpigmentation', 'hyperpigmentation']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['Chemical reconstruction of skin scars', 'CROSS']

entities_list: @entity2804 :: ('MESH:D014238', 'Chemical') :: ['trichloroacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['tretinoin']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['CROSS']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acne scars are difficult to treat. @entity272 ( @entity272 ) is a technique using high strength @entity2804 ( @entity2974 ) focally on the @entity2318 to induce collagenization and cosmetic improvement. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity272 technique using 100% @entity2974 in @entity12967 in dark skin types IV and V. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with ice pick @entity2318 were initially primed for 2 weeks before the procedure. The priming agents used were @entity8156 4% applied in the morning and tretinoin 0.025% in the night. Sunscreens were advised to prevent @entity2117 . Subsequently, they underwent focal application of 100% @entity2974 with a wooden toothpick in each individual scar, at 2 weekly intervals, for four sessions. Improvement was assessed by the physician, photographic assessment by an independent investigator, and @entity1 feedback by visual analogue scale after the fourth treatment. RESULTS: Excellent improvement (more than 70%) was observed in the majority of @entity1 (73.3%), while 20% @entity1 showed good improvement (50-70%) and 6.7% @entity1 had fair results (30-49%) at the end of four sessions. Transient @entity4182 was observed in one @entity1 and @entity2117 in two @entity1 . However, no significant adverse effects such as prolonged pigmentary changes or scarring were noted. CONCLUSION: Treatment of ice pick @entity2318 with the @entity272 technique using high strength 100% @entity2974 is a safe, minimally invasive, efficacious, and cost-effective technique in darker skin. Adequate priming and continued use of @entity8156 and @entity1968 reduces complications and promotes healing.

title: Evaluation of @entity272 technique with 100% XXXX in the management of ice pick @entity2318 in darker skin types.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity2974 :: (CHEBI:30956,Chemical) :: ['TCA']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acne scars are difficult to treat. @entity272 ( @entity272 ) is a technique using high strength @entity2804 ( @entity2974 ) focally on the @entity2318 to induce collagenization and cosmetic improvement. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity272 technique using 100% @entity2974 in @entity12967 in dark skin types IV and V. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with ice pick @entity2318 were initially primed for 2 weeks before the procedure. The priming agents used were @entity8156 4% applied in the morning and tretinoin 0.025% in the night. Sunscreens were advised to prevent @entity2117 . Subsequently, they underwent focal application of 100% @entity2974 with a wooden toothpick in each individual scar, at 2 weekly intervals, for four sessions. Improvement was assessed by the physician, photographic assessment by an independent investigator, and @entity1 feedback by visual analogue scale after the fourth treatment. RESULTS: Excellent improvement (more than 70%) was observed in the majority of @entity1 (73.3%), while 20% @entity1 showed good improvement (50-70%) and 6.7% @entity1 had fair results (30-49%) at the end of four sessions. Transient @entity4182 was observed in one @entity1 and @entity2117 in two @entity1 . However, no significant adverse effects such as prolonged pigmentary changes or scarring were noted. CONCLUSION: Treatment of ice pick @entity2318 with the @entity272 technique using high strength 100% @entity2974 is a safe, minimally invasive, efficacious, and cost-effective technique in darker skin. Adequate priming and continued use of @entity8156 and @entity1968 reduces complications and promotes healing.

title: Evaluation of @entity272 technique with 100% @entity2974 in the management of ice pick XXXX in darker skin types.

answer: @entity2318 :: (MESH:D002921,Disease) :: ['acne scars']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the strategies adopted to increase anti- @entity116 vaccination coverage in @entity1 over 24, as well as the record systems which exist in Castilla-La Mancha health centres. In addition, to determine those factors involved in achieving greater coverage which depend on the primary care team (PCT). DESIGN: An observational study of a crossover type. SETTING: Primary care. @entity1 : The PCT in Castilla-La Mancha existing in 1993. 72.5% reply rate. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The average coverage achieved, weighted according to population, was 10.55%. The main risk groups in which strategies to increase coverage were put into practice were: the chronically ill (49.5%), professionals at risk (37.6%) and pregnant @entity1 (32.6%). @entity1 were summoned for follow-up doses by 41.3% of PCTs as a matter of habit and by 41.3% occasionally. Normally the vaccination was recorded in the Medical Notes by 41.9% of PCTs. A linear tendency between a higher vaccination rate and, on the other hand, both greater insistence that @entity1 attend for revaccination (p = 0.01) and better recording in the medical notes (p = 0.04) was confirmed. Vaccination coverage was significantly greater in health centres where less @entity1 were seen (p < 0.001) and which were more modern (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The low anti- @entity116 vaccination coverage found justifies setting up initiatives of demonstrated efficacy to increase anti- @entity116 immunisation. Better records and insistence on @entity1 ' attendance for follow-up doses are factors linked to greater vaccination coverage.

title: [ XXXX vaccination in adults: the situation in primary care].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

answer: @entity116 :: (MESH:D013746,Disease) :: ['Tetanus']


abstract: An allophanic soil (AS) catalyzed the formation of dark-colored polymers via polycondensation reactions between @entity6153 and @entity2228 . The organic @entity505 content of the AS was increased from 0.16% to 1.3%, indicating that some of the dark-colored polymers had been adsorbed to the AS. The characteristics of the dark-colored polymers adsorbed on the AS were similar to those of a humin that is not extractable with an aqueous alkaline solution. Such a humin-like substance (HuLS) was separated from the AS by treatment with a mixture of HF and @entity5828 . The HuLS and humic acid-like substance (HaLS), comprising the acid-insoluble fraction in the reaction mixture, were characterized by elemental analysis, size exclusion chromatography, pyrolysis-GC/ @entity15 and @entity7352 NMR. However, the structural features of HaLS and HuLS had many points in common. These results suggest that HuLS-AS can be regarded as an organo-clay complex formed by the strong adsorption of HaLS to the AS. The adsorption of @entity211 ( @entity212 ) to AS and HuLS-AS was examined at pH 5.5. At this pH, the zeta potential of the HuLS-AS showed a negative value. It would, therefore, be expected that @entity73272 anions would adsorb with difficulty to HuLS-AS because of electrostatic repulsion. Nevertheless, the adsorption coefficient for @entity212 to HuLS-AS, as estimated by the Freundlich isotherm, was seven times larger than that for AS. These results show that HuLS, when adsorbed on the AS surface, has the capability to enhance the adsorption of @entity212 .

title: Characterization of an adsorbed humin-like substance on an allophanic soil formed via catalytic polycondensation between @entity6153 and @entity2228 , and its adsorption capability to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity211 :: ('MESH:D010416', 'Chemical') :: ['pentachlorophenol']

entities_list: @entity73272 :: ('CHEBI:58217', 'Chemical') :: ['pentachlorophenolate']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity6153 :: ('MESH:C034221', 'Chemical') :: ['catechol']

answer: @entity211 :: (MESH:D010416,Chemical) :: ['pentachlorophenol']


abstract: An allophanic soil (AS) catalyzed the formation of dark-colored polymers via polycondensation reactions between @entity6153 and @entity2228 . The organic @entity505 content of the AS was increased from 0.16% to 1.3%, indicating that some of the dark-colored polymers had been adsorbed to the AS. The characteristics of the dark-colored polymers adsorbed on the AS were similar to those of a humin that is not extractable with an aqueous alkaline solution. Such a humin-like substance (HuLS) was separated from the AS by treatment with a mixture of HF and @entity5828 . The HuLS and humic acid-like substance (HaLS), comprising the acid-insoluble fraction in the reaction mixture, were characterized by elemental analysis, size exclusion chromatography, pyrolysis-GC/ @entity15 and @entity7352 NMR. However, the structural features of HaLS and HuLS had many points in common. These results suggest that HuLS-AS can be regarded as an organo-clay complex formed by the strong adsorption of HaLS to the AS. The adsorption of @entity211 ( @entity212 ) to AS and HuLS-AS was examined at pH 5.5. At this pH, the zeta potential of the HuLS-AS showed a negative value. It would, therefore, be expected that @entity73272 anions would adsorb with difficulty to HuLS-AS because of electrostatic repulsion. Nevertheless, the adsorption coefficient for @entity212 to HuLS-AS, as estimated by the Freundlich isotherm, was seven times larger than that for AS. These results show that HuLS, when adsorbed on the AS surface, has the capability to enhance the adsorption of @entity212 .

title: Characterization of an adsorbed humin-like substance on an allophanic soil formed via catalytic polycondensation between XXXX and @entity2228 , and its adsorption capability to @entity211 .

answer: @entity6153 :: (MESH:C034221,Chemical) :: ['catechol']


abstract: An allophanic soil (AS) catalyzed the formation of dark-colored polymers via polycondensation reactions between @entity6153 and @entity2228 . The organic @entity505 content of the AS was increased from 0.16% to 1.3%, indicating that some of the dark-colored polymers had been adsorbed to the AS. The characteristics of the dark-colored polymers adsorbed on the AS were similar to those of a humin that is not extractable with an aqueous alkaline solution. Such a humin-like substance (HuLS) was separated from the AS by treatment with a mixture of HF and @entity5828 . The HuLS and humic acid-like substance (HaLS), comprising the acid-insoluble fraction in the reaction mixture, were characterized by elemental analysis, size exclusion chromatography, pyrolysis-GC/ @entity15 and @entity7352 NMR. However, the structural features of HaLS and HuLS had many points in common. These results suggest that HuLS-AS can be regarded as an organo-clay complex formed by the strong adsorption of HaLS to the AS. The adsorption of @entity211 ( @entity212 ) to AS and HuLS-AS was examined at pH 5.5. At this pH, the zeta potential of the HuLS-AS showed a negative value. It would, therefore, be expected that @entity73272 anions would adsorb with difficulty to HuLS-AS because of electrostatic repulsion. Nevertheless, the adsorption coefficient for @entity212 to HuLS-AS, as estimated by the Freundlich isotherm, was seven times larger than that for AS. These results show that HuLS, when adsorbed on the AS surface, has the capability to enhance the adsorption of @entity212 .

title: Characterization of an adsorbed humin-like substance on an allophanic soil formed via catalytic polycondensation between @entity6153 and XXXX , and its adsorption capability to @entity211 .

answer: @entity2228 :: (CHEBI:57305,Chemical) :: ['glycine']