abstract: The six major components of @entity71237 , a new antibiotic complex produced by Micromonospora verruculosa MCRL 0404 showed a similar type of antimicrobial spectrum. Among these components, VA-2 exhibited the most potent antimicrobial activity, particularly significantly against some Gram-positive bacteria and Neisseria. VA-2 and @entity14284 also exhibited marked inhibitory effects against L-forms of @entity794 209P and @entity9463 . The MICs of VA-2, @entity71238 and @entity14284 were remarkably affected by the pH of the test medium, the inoculum size and the amount of horse serum added in the medium. By intraperitoneal administration, these components showed good protective effects in @entity19 infected intraperitoneally with @entity794 Smith. However, the protective effect decreased remarkably by other administration routes. In addition, components such as VA-2 and @entity14284 exhibited @entity137 against HeLa S-3 cells in vitro and excellent in vivo antitumor activity against @entity8270 . VA-2 possessed a high order of acute @entity137 to @entity19 [LD50:1.9 mg/kg (i.p.); 1.8 mg/kg (i.v.)], but others were relatively less toxic.

title: Studies on a new antibiotic XXXX produced by Micromonospora. III. Biological activities.

entities_list: @entity9463 :: ('MESH:D009175', 'Disease') :: ['Mycoplasma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity8270 :: ('MESH:D002286', 'Disease') :: ['Ehrlich carcinoma']

answer: @entity71237 :: (11974(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['M-92']


abstract: 1 In the pithed @entity35 , muscarine (2.5-10 microgram/kg i.v.) normally produced @entity1168 , but @entity591 were seen in the presence of @entity6305 (0.1-1.0 mg/kg i.v.) and @entity8651 (0.1-5.0 mg/kg i.v.). 2 The @entity591 was probably a result of muscarinic receptor stimulation, because it was antagonized by @entity3897 (10 microgram/kg i.v.) and @entity4140 (10-30 microgram/kg i.v.). The location of these muscarinic receptors is probably within the sympathetic ganglia since the @entity591 were inhibited by pretreatment with @entity1169 (1 mg/kg i.v.) or @entity2515 (5 mg/kg i.p. 24 h prior to study). 3 In the @entity35 isolated atria preparation, @entity6305 was 86 times more potent as an antagonist of the effects of muscarine than in the @entity35 isolated superior cervical ganglion. The mechanism of action in both tissues may be non-competitive. 4 @entity6305 selectivity antagonized atrial inhibitory muscarinic responses compared to excitatory muscarinic responses in sympathetic ganglia in the @entity35 .

title: A comparison of the muscarinic antagonist actions of @entity6305 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity2515 :: ('MESH:D012110', 'Chemical') :: ['reserpine']

entities_list: @entity8651 :: ('MESH:D000443', 'Chemical') :: ['alcuronium']

entities_list: @entity6305 :: ('MESH:D010197', 'Chemical') :: ['Pancuronium', 'pancuronium']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'tachycardias']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity4140 :: ('MESH:D010890', 'Chemical') :: ['pirenzepine']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardias']

answer: @entity8651 :: (MESH:D000443,Chemical) :: ['alcuronium']


abstract: 1 In the pithed @entity35 , muscarine (2.5-10 microgram/kg i.v.) normally produced @entity1168 , but @entity591 were seen in the presence of @entity6305 (0.1-1.0 mg/kg i.v.) and @entity8651 (0.1-5.0 mg/kg i.v.). 2 The @entity591 was probably a result of muscarinic receptor stimulation, because it was antagonized by @entity3897 (10 microgram/kg i.v.) and @entity4140 (10-30 microgram/kg i.v.). The location of these muscarinic receptors is probably within the sympathetic ganglia since the @entity591 were inhibited by pretreatment with @entity1169 (1 mg/kg i.v.) or @entity2515 (5 mg/kg i.p. 24 h prior to study). 3 In the @entity35 isolated atria preparation, @entity6305 was 86 times more potent as an antagonist of the effects of muscarine than in the @entity35 isolated superior cervical ganglion. The mechanism of action in both tissues may be non-competitive. 4 @entity6305 selectivity antagonized atrial inhibitory muscarinic responses compared to excitatory muscarinic responses in sympathetic ganglia in the @entity35 .

title: A comparison of the muscarinic antagonist actions of XXXX and @entity8651 .

answer: @entity6305 :: (MESH:D010197,Chemical) :: ['pancuronium']


abstract: This study examines the structure of mucosal glands in the walls of the hamster maxillary recess, compares the histochemical appearance of nasal glands to their @entity3167 content, and determines the vulnerability of nasal glands to @entity4316 @entity137 . Observations were made on plastic-embedded tissue with light and transmission electron microscopes. Determinations of total @entity3167 in mucosal samples were conducted with @entity4466 . Experimental hamsters were administered 0.2 micrograms of @entity4316 (IP)/gm body weight/day for five days. Types of granules present in the later nasal gland (LNG) and glands of the maxillary recess (MRGs) include: 2.0 micrometers lightly basophilic, lightly electron-dense granules and 1.5 micrometers strongly basophilic, electron-dense granules in the same acinar cell type in both the LNG and MRGs; 1.5 micrometers metachromatic granules in some acinar cells of the LNG; 1.0 micrometer moderately electron-dense granules in cells of @entity5755 ducts; and 0.7 micrometers electron-dense granules in cells of LNG intercalated ducts. Acid glycoproteins, demonstrable by histochemistry, are present in the LNG but not in the MRGs. However, the total @entity3167 content of tissues from @entity5755 tissue is greater than that of other tissues measured. A minor number of LNG acini, those with metachromatic granules, have branching basal cytoplasmic projections. Many dark cells are present in striated ducts of the LNG. Histological alteration due to @entity4316 @entity137 , conspicuous in parotid salivary parenchyma, is greater in @entity5755 than in LNG tissue.

title: Hamster nasal glands: their structure, @entity3167 content, and vulnerability to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3167 :: ('MESH:D019158', 'Chemical') :: ['sialic acid']

entities_list: @entity4316 :: ('MESH:D003609', 'Chemical') :: ['actinomycin', 'actinomycin-D', 'actinomycin D']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

answer: @entity4316 :: (MESH:D003609,Chemical) :: ['actinomycin D']


abstract: This study examines the structure of mucosal glands in the walls of the hamster maxillary recess, compares the histochemical appearance of nasal glands to their @entity3167 content, and determines the vulnerability of nasal glands to @entity4316 @entity137 . Observations were made on plastic-embedded tissue with light and transmission electron microscopes. Determinations of total @entity3167 in mucosal samples were conducted with @entity4466 . Experimental hamsters were administered 0.2 micrograms of @entity4316 (IP)/gm body weight/day for five days. Types of granules present in the later nasal gland (LNG) and glands of the maxillary recess (MRGs) include: 2.0 micrometers lightly basophilic, lightly electron-dense granules and 1.5 micrometers strongly basophilic, electron-dense granules in the same acinar cell type in both the LNG and MRGs; 1.5 micrometers metachromatic granules in some acinar cells of the LNG; 1.0 micrometer moderately electron-dense granules in cells of @entity5755 ducts; and 0.7 micrometers electron-dense granules in cells of LNG intercalated ducts. Acid glycoproteins, demonstrable by histochemistry, are present in the LNG but not in the MRGs. However, the total @entity3167 content of tissues from @entity5755 tissue is greater than that of other tissues measured. A minor number of LNG acini, those with metachromatic granules, have branching basal cytoplasmic projections. Many dark cells are present in striated ducts of the LNG. Histological alteration due to @entity4316 @entity137 , conspicuous in parotid salivary parenchyma, is greater in @entity5755 than in LNG tissue.

title: Hamster nasal glands: their structure, XXXX content, and vulnerability to @entity4316 .

answer: @entity3167 :: (MESH:D019158,Chemical) :: ['sialic acid']


abstract: During a five-year prospective study of @entity1 compliance with the Hemoccult slide test as a screen for @entity14 , 772 adults above 40 years of age received 1,693 sets of Hemoccult slides. Overall compliance with returning the slides was 75 percent. Compliance remained high with repeat testing. Sixty percent of @entity1 returned all sets of slides. Thirty percent of @entity1 who did not return the first two sets of slide ultimately changed their behavior and returned subsequent slides. Two to five minutes of provider time were required for instruction and distribution of the first set of slides. Distribution of subsequent sets of slides required less than one minute of provider time. Three @entity5 were detected during the study period. Two of these @entity5 were diagnosed only by colonoscopy or subsequent surgery and were missed by rigid sigmoidoscopy and barium enema. Stool occult blood screening for @entity14 is accepted by @entity1 and requires little physician time in the private practice, fee-for-service setting.

title: Stool occult blood screening for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: The experience in the surgical treatment of @entity397 of the thoracic aorta is discussed. Twenty-two @entity1 were seen from 1970 to 1980. They were divided into three groups, according to delay between injury and aortic repair: 1 degree emergency group: 16 @entity1 ; 2 degree delayed group: 3 @entity1 ; 3 degrees chronic group: 3 @entity1 . All @entity1 had a widened @entity6830 and the aortography confirmed the diagnosis. In the first group four @entity1 died before surgery could be started and four after aortic repair from 10 days to 6 seeks postoperatively. In the second and third group all @entity1 survived. Of 22 cases, 21 @entity397 were located at the aortic isthmus and 1 at the aortic arch. Many @entity1 had various other injuries, skeletal, abdominal or cerebral. All, but one @entity1 , were operated with the aid of a partial pulsatile left heart bypass to avoid cerebral @entity101 and @entity299 , and to prevent kidney and @entity2759 . One @entity1 was operated, according to the method of Crawford, with blood pressure controlled with @entity1854 . We have not observed in our @entity1 paresis or @entity451 after surgery. The hospital mortality of the surgical treated @entity1 was 34% in the emergency group and 0% in the delayed and chronic group. Surgical treatment is essential in emergency situation, as a @entity397 may be fatal and repair of the chronic post-traumatic false @entity439 is advocated, as their prognosis is unpredictable.

title: XXXX of the thoracic aorta.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity2759 :: ('MESH:D020760', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord ischemia']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptures', 'complete rupture', 'traumatic rupture']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac overload']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity6830 :: ('MESH:D008479', 'Disease') :: ['mediastinum']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['Traumatic rupture']


abstract: @entity292 has been a challenging problem for every surgeon. It develops spontaneously, postoperatively or post-traumatically. @entity292 develops following @entity298 . @entity17289 is an important cause in developing countries. @entity86 develops after enteric perforation or @entity2055 . @entity1661 , penetrating or perforating, isolated or part of multiple injuries--can lead to @entity292 . @entity292 is more common after emergency surgery, especially in malnourished @entity1 . @entity292 leads to unnatural losses of fluid and electrolytes and @entity3147 . Infection is generally a causative factor or the malnourished @entity1 with @entity292 develops @entity281 very fast. Assessment of the general condition of the @entity1 and the level of the @entity292 is very important in treating the @entity1 . Correction of fluid and electrolyte balance, control of @entity281 and supplementation of nutrition is the basis of treatment. Improved parasurgical care and @entity5275 has improved the survival rate and the spontaneous healing, reducing the need for surgical intervention.

title: Faecal fistulae in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5275 :: ('MESH:D015819', 'Disease') :: ['parenteral hyperalimentation']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal trauma-blunt']

entities_list: @entity17289 :: ('MESH:D014395', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculous peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'Faecal fistula', 'Spontaneous faecal fistula', 'faecal fistula']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative faecal fistula']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['appendicular diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: During the phase I clinical trial of a new antitumor agent, @entity71239 , the pharmacology was studied in 18 @entity5 @entity1 . The drug was infused intravenously (IV) for 3 h at doses ranging from 1 to 3.6 mg/m2 per day for 5 days. The plasma drug disappearance curves were biphasic, with a fast initial half-life of less than 15 min. The second half-life ( @entity8034 ) varied from 0.7 to 38 h among different @entity1 and was not dose-related. The difference between the @entity8034 on day 1 and that on day 5 was not significant. In @entity1 with normal liver function, the mean plasma concentration at the end of infusion was 22 ng/ml, and the value of the area under the concentration X time curve (AUC) was 111 (ng/ml)h. In contrast, in @entity1 with @entity409 the corresponding values were 115 ng/ml and 830 (ng/ml)h, respectively. In addition, these @entity1 had a slower elimination half-life of 10.9 h and a decreased total clearance of 157 ml/min/m2, as compared with 2.6 h and 671 ml/min/m2, respectively, for the normal group. All these differences were statistically significant. @entity1 with @entity409 developed more severe @entity137 , including fever, severe @entity390 , @entity391 , and @entity551 . Two @entity1 with severe @entity409 received a reduced dose and developed no @entity137 . These results demonstrated the importance of the effects of @entity409 on drug disposition and showed that the dosage should be reduced in @entity1 with @entity409 .

title: Clinical pharmacology of XXXX by radioimmunoassay.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic dysfunction', 'abnormal liver function', 'liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity71239 :: ('MESH:C002550', 'Chemical') :: ['bruceantin']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity71239 :: (MESH:C002550,Chemical) :: ['bruceantin']


abstract: One hundred chronic alcoholics, who were hospitalized in our ward for @entity16 directly or indirectly due to a prolonged and continual consumption of @entity167 , have been treated with @entity38857 in doses varying from 600 up to 1200 mg/die. The drug was administered either per os or by injection. 50 of these @entity1 were given, at the same time, graded doses of @entity167 per os. The purpose of this study was to analyse the preventive and therapeutical effects of the drug both on ten "target symptoms" examined separately, and on the onset and duration of the @entity167 @entity6767 . We have noticed that decreasing doses of @entity167 , in the first days of hospitalization, were unable to reduce significantly the onset of fits of delirium @entity14935 . @entity38857 showed a reasonably good therapeutical activity on some features of the "target symptoms": it shortened the average duration of the symptoms, while it did not prove better than @entity1245 in inhibiting the onset of the same. The drug was unable to prevent the onset of the @entity6767 , and, even if it had a favourable control over the symptoms, it was unable to shorten their duration. The mortality rate was similar to that of other reviews where @entity1245 , or major drugs acting on the nervous system, were employed. The sedative action of @entity38857 , even at higher doses, was insignificant, and its hypnotic effect almost absent. No @entity21 have been observed, at least up to 1000 mg/die.

title: [Prevention and therapy of delirium @entity14935 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity38857 :: ('MESH:D063325', 'Chemical') :: ['Tiapride', 'tiapride']

entities_list: @entity6767 :: ('MESH:D009357', 'Disease') :: ['abstinence syndrome']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['extrapyramidal disorders']

answer: @entity38857 :: (MESH:D063325,Chemical) :: ['tiapride']


abstract: One hundred chronic alcoholics, who were hospitalized in our ward for @entity16 directly or indirectly due to a prolonged and continual consumption of @entity167 , have been treated with @entity38857 in doses varying from 600 up to 1200 mg/die. The drug was administered either per os or by injection. 50 of these @entity1 were given, at the same time, graded doses of @entity167 per os. The purpose of this study was to analyse the preventive and therapeutical effects of the drug both on ten "target symptoms" examined separately, and on the onset and duration of the @entity167 @entity6767 . We have noticed that decreasing doses of @entity167 , in the first days of hospitalization, were unable to reduce significantly the onset of fits of delirium @entity14935 . @entity38857 showed a reasonably good therapeutical activity on some features of the "target symptoms": it shortened the average duration of the symptoms, while it did not prove better than @entity1245 in inhibiting the onset of the same. The drug was unable to prevent the onset of the @entity6767 , and, even if it had a favourable control over the symptoms, it was unable to shorten their duration. The mortality rate was similar to that of other reviews where @entity1245 , or major drugs acting on the nervous system, were employed. The sedative action of @entity38857 , even at higher doses, was insignificant, and its hypnotic effect almost absent. No @entity21 have been observed, at least up to 1000 mg/die.

title: [Prevention and therapy of delirium XXXX with @entity38857 ].

answer: @entity14935 :: (MESH:D000430,Disease) :: ['tremens']


abstract: Between 1970 and 1981, 35 @entity1 with @entity397 of the diaphragma were treated. @entity130 , mostly caused by traffic accidents, predominates. The localization, type and dimensions of the diaphragmatic tear are studied. Among the associated visceral lesions, lacerations of the spleen and the liver are most often seen. Clinical and diagnostic aspects are discussed. Traumatic @entity397 is an absolute surgical indication. In the early cases, with few exceptions, a primary abdominal approach is advocated. In the delayed category a thoracotomy is mostly preferred. Operative mortality in the early cases is mainly due to the magnitude of the associated lesions. No mortality occurred in the delayed category. Long term results in controlled @entity1 were very satisfactory.

title: [Surgical experiences with traumatic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['diaphragmatic rupture', 'traumatic rupture']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Blunt trauma']

answer: @entity397 :: (MESH:D012421,Disease) :: ['diaphragmatic rupture']


abstract: Water, sediment, plankton, and animal samples from five coastal sites from North Carolina to Georgia were sampled for their @entity1132 -fermenting vibrio populations. Over 20% of all vibrios tested were @entity969 negative and @entity22672 ( @entity22672 ) positive, suggesting identification as the @entity1 pathogen @entity5345 . These vibrios were isolated from all sample sites and sources (water, sediment, plankton, and animals). Correlations with several of 19 environmental parameters monitored at each site were found for total vibrios. The presence of ONPG-positive, @entity969 -negative vibrios was correlated with @entity7294 levels in the water and, in the case of plankton samples, with salinity. A total of 279 @entity969 -negative, ONPG-positive isolates were subjected to numerical taxonomic analysis, which resulted in three major clusters. Cluster I corresponded to and included 11 reference strains of @entity5345 . Cluster II contained the largest number (133) of isolates, of which the great majority were bioluminescent. Although having a resemblance to @entity11784 , the isolates were ONPG positive and many were @entity3958 positive. Cluster III consisted of strains similar to the group F vibrios ( @entity26198 ). Of all of the isolates, 55% were luminescent, of which over 20% were lethal when injected into @entity19 . Problems involved in detecting @entity1132 fermentation among marine vibrios and the potential pathogenicity of these organisms are discussed.

title: Distribution and ecology of XXXX and other @entity1132 -fermenting marine vibrios in coastal waters of the southeastern United States.

entities_list: @entity5345 :: ('672', 'Species') :: ['Vibrio vulnificus', 'V. vulnificus']

entities_list: @entity7294 :: ('CHEBI:24632', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocarbon']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity22672 :: ('MESH:C055012', 'Chemical') :: ['ONPG', 'o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside']

answer: @entity5345 :: (672,Species) :: ['Vibrio vulnificus']


abstract: Water, sediment, plankton, and animal samples from five coastal sites from North Carolina to Georgia were sampled for their @entity1132 -fermenting vibrio populations. Over 20% of all vibrios tested were @entity969 negative and @entity22672 ( @entity22672 ) positive, suggesting identification as the @entity1 pathogen @entity5345 . These vibrios were isolated from all sample sites and sources (water, sediment, plankton, and animals). Correlations with several of 19 environmental parameters monitored at each site were found for total vibrios. The presence of ONPG-positive, @entity969 -negative vibrios was correlated with @entity7294 levels in the water and, in the case of plankton samples, with salinity. A total of 279 @entity969 -negative, ONPG-positive isolates were subjected to numerical taxonomic analysis, which resulted in three major clusters. Cluster I corresponded to and included 11 reference strains of @entity5345 . Cluster II contained the largest number (133) of isolates, of which the great majority were bioluminescent. Although having a resemblance to @entity11784 , the isolates were ONPG positive and many were @entity3958 positive. Cluster III consisted of strains similar to the group F vibrios ( @entity26198 ). Of all of the isolates, 55% were luminescent, of which over 20% were lethal when injected into @entity19 . Problems involved in detecting @entity1132 fermentation among marine vibrios and the potential pathogenicity of these organisms are discussed.

title: Distribution and ecology of @entity5345 and other XXXX -fermenting marine vibrios in coastal waters of the southeastern United States.

answer: @entity1132 :: (MESH:D007785,Chemical) :: ['lactose']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 pediatric wards are particularly at risk of @entity580 . Therefore, the newest principles of prevention of @entity281 should be implemented and monitored. AIM: 1) to determine the prevalence, etiology and clinical manifestations of @entity580 in hospitalized @entity1 ; 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of procedures that aim at preventing @entity6425 and catheter-related bloodstream @entity281 ; 3) to analyse the incidence of @entity683 among staff in two consecutive seasons of the epidemic @entity683 H1N1 (2009/2010 and 2010/2011); 4) to promote vaccinations of the medical staff. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 4432 @entity1 hospitalized from October 2007 to December 2009 and 57 medical staff (doctors, nurses, orderlies). The effectiveness was assessed of prevention procedures for @entity580 and morbidity, and of vaccination against @entity683 among the @entity8400 , as de  ned by the Act on the prevention and @entity281 and @entity166 @entity1 and the criteria developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS: @entity580 were diagnosed in 2.2% of hospitalized @entity1 , where 96% were of acute @entity1902 ; 3% were bloodstream @entity281 associated with peripheral vascular catheter. The 1% had @entity1729 ( @entity683 ). @entity344 were caused by the rotavirus (78%), norovirus (13%) and adenovirus (0.9%). In 1.1% of cases the etiology had not been determined. As a result of implementing prophylactic activities, a statistically signi  cant reduction of the incidence of @entity580 by the rotavirus was achieved (from 7.1 to 1.5%). The occurrence catheter-related bloodstream @entity281 was entirely eliminated. @entity683 were reported in 7% of the medical staff in the season of 2009/2010 and 5% in the season of 2010/2011. 42% of the medical staff was immunized against the @entity683 (92% of doctors, 7% nurses, 0% orderlies). CONCLUSIONS: The most common cause of @entity580 in the pediatric ward are rotaviruses. @entity6425 and catheter-related bloodstream @entity281 are possible to be effectively prevented through regular, proactive preventive measures. Vaccinations of the medical @entity8400  against @entity683 medical staff against @entity683 still require implementing measures of a promotional and educational character.

title: [Prevention of XXXX in the pediatric ward - own experiences].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['Hospital gastrointestinal infections']

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections', 'suppression of infection']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza', 'flu', 'Influenza and influenza-like infections']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['Nosocomial infections', 'nosocomial infections']

entities_list: @entity6425 :: ('MESH:D012400', 'Disease') :: ['Rotavirus infections', 'hospital rotavirus infections']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

answer: @entity580 :: (MESH:D003428,Disease) :: ['nosocomial infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Several studies have suggested an asymmetry in Meyer's loop in individuals, with the left loop anterior to the right. In this study we test the hypothesis that there is an association between Meyer's loop asymmetry (MLA) and language lateralisation. METHODS: 57 @entity1 with @entity302 were identified with language functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion MRI acquisition. Language lateralisation indices from fMRI( @entity3162 ) and optic radiation and arcuate fasciculus probabilistic tractography was performed for each subject. The subjects were divided into left language dominant ( @entity3162 >0.4) and non-left language groups ( @entity3162 <0.4) according to their @entity3162 . RESULTS: A negative linear correlation was identified between language lateralisation and MLA, with greater left lateralised language associated with more anteriorly placed left Meyer's loops (R value -0.34, p=0.01). There was a significant difference in mean MLA between the two groups, with the left loop being anterior to the right loop in the @entity3162 >0.4 group and posterior to the right loop in the @entity3162 <0.4 group (p=0.003). No correlation was found between language lateralisation and arcuate fasciculus volume. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests an association between the extent of Meyer's loop asymmetry and the lateralisation of language determined by fMRI in @entity1 with @entity302 . Further studies should be carried out to evaluate this association in control subjects and with other measures of language lateralisation.

title: Meyer's loop asymmetry and language lateralisation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether preoperative @entity409 provides risk stratification for perioperative @entity8 in @entity1 undergoing noncardiac surgery. The relationship between perioperative @entity8 and @entity296 after noncardiac surgery (MINS) was explored secondarily. DESIGN: An observational study. SETTING: Two academic medical centers. @entity1 : A total of 218 @entity1 scheduled to undergo intermediate or high-risk noncardiac surgery. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: @entity409 was identified preoperatively by a Reactive @entity450 -Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (RH-PAT) index. @entity8 was defined by peak delta serum @entity1011 (  SCr) or @entity1011 -based @entity8 : Improving global outcomes @entity810 ( @entity810 ) criteria within 7 days postoperatively. MINS was defined by peak troponin>= 0.04   g/L within 3 days postoperatively. @entity810 occurred in 22 @entity1 (10.1%). Median RH-PAT index within the study cohort was 1.64 (range 1.03-4.96) and did not differ between @entity1 with or without @entity810 . When adjusted for covariates, there was no association between RH-PAT index and either @entity810 or peak   SCr. MINS occurred in 32 @entity1 (14.7%) and was associated independently with the outcome of @entity810 (odds ratio [OR], 3.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-10.8; p = 0.02) and peak   SCr (b-regression coefficient 23; 95% CI, 9-37; p = 0.002). Co-occurrence of @entity810 and MINS portended a marked increase in 30-day mortality (OR, 43; 95% CI, 6-305; p = 0.001) and delayed time to discharge (hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.13-0.54; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1 undergoing noncardiac surgery, preoperative endothelial function assessed by noninvasive peripheral arterial tonometry was not associated with perioperative @entity810 . @entity8 was associated strongly with MINS, and this may represent a mechanism by which @entity810 increases adverse outcomes.

title: Is Preoperative Endothelial Dysfunction a Potentially Modifiable Risk Factor for XXXX Associated With Noncardiac Surgery?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Perioperative renal injury', 'Renal injury', 'kidney disease', 'renal injury']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['AKI', 'acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal Injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose   This study aims to evaluate the endoscopic morphological features of @entity11044 in @entity1 with refractory daytime @entity322 and/or nocturnal enuresis. @entity1 and Methods   A total of 54 consecutive @entity1 underwent endoscopy and were diagnosed with a @entity340 ( @entity340 ) (types 1-4). @entity340 type 1 was classified as severe, moderate, or mild. A transurethral incision (TUI) was mainly performed for anterior wall lesions of the @entity340 . Voiding cystourethrography and pressure flow studies (PFS) were performed before and 3 to 4 months after TUI. Clinical symptoms were evaluated 6 months after TUI, and outcomes were assessed according to PFS waveform pattern groups (synergic pattern [SP] and dyssynergic pattern [DP]). Results   All @entity1 had @entity340 type 1 and/or 3 (i.e., n   =   34 type 1, 7 type 3, and 13 types 1 and 3). There were severe (n   =   1), moderate (n   =   21), and mild (n   =   25) cases of @entity340 type 1. According to PFS, SP and DP were present in 43 and 11 @entity1 , respectively. TUI was effective in the SP group and symptoms improved in 77.4 and 69.3% of @entity1 with daytime @entity322 and nocturnal enuresis, respectively. Almost no effect was observed in the DP group. A significant decrease in the detrusor pressure was observed at maximum flow rate using PFS in the SP group. Conclusions   @entity340 type 1 encompassed lesions with a spectrum of obstructions ranging from severe to mild, with mild types whose @entity75 existed at the anterior wall of urethra occurring most frequently in @entity1 with refractory daytime @entity322 and/or nocturnal enuresis.

title: The Endoscopic Morphological Features of Congenital Posterior Urethral Obstructions in XXXX with Refractory Daytime Urinary Incontinence and Nocturnal Enuresis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'incontinence']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['main obstructive lesion']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['posterior urethral valve', 'PUV']

entities_list: @entity11044 :: ('MESH:D014524', 'Disease') :: ['congenital posterior urethral obstructions']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Boys']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective: To evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention by health education and medical intervention to @entity2299 Uyghur @entity1 in low-income rural areas in Xinjiang, China. Method: A multistaged (prefecture-county-township-village) stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select @entity1 in southern Xinjiang. Twelve villages in Jiangbazi Township in Jiashi County were chosen. These villages were randomly divided into six intervention groups and six control groups, and local Uyghur aged 18 years or older residing in the village for at least 6 months were interviewed for a baseline prevalence study and to select @entity1 for two years of comprehensive intervention including low dose @entity3413 and the effects of the interventions were observed. Results: A total of 655 @entity1 (347 @entity1 in the intervention groups, 308 @entity1 in the control groups) were randomly selected from 12 villages in Jiangbazi Township, follow-up rate is 87.0%. Compared to baseline mean levels of TG and LDL-C were reduced by 1.39 mmol/L (p < 0.01) and 2.12 mmol/L (p < 0.01) respectively and levels of HDL-C increased by1.22 mmol/L (p < 0.01) in the intervention group. Lipids were controlled in 38.61% of the intervention groups vs. 3.57% of the control groups (p < 0.01). Compared with baseline lipid levels, TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C was significantly improved, compared with it was in control groups. Conclusions: Blood lipid levels of Uygur @entity1 with @entity2299 can be effectively improved through health education combined with low-dose @entity6817 administration. This suggests that national strategies in public health be developed to improve the treatments to @entity258 .

title: An Evaluation on the Effect of Health Education and of Low-Dose Statin in @entity2299 among XXXX in Far Western China: A Comprehensive Intervention Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3413 :: ('MESH:D019821', 'Chemical') :: ['simvastatin']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low-income rural minorities with dyslipidemia']

answer: @entity258 :: (MESH:D009800,Disease) :: ['Low-Income Rural Uyghur Adults']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective: To evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention by health education and medical intervention to @entity2299 Uyghur @entity1 in low-income rural areas in Xinjiang, China. Method: A multistaged (prefecture-county-township-village) stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select @entity1 in southern Xinjiang. Twelve villages in Jiangbazi Township in Jiashi County were chosen. These villages were randomly divided into six intervention groups and six control groups, and local Uyghur aged 18 years or older residing in the village for at least 6 months were interviewed for a baseline prevalence study and to select @entity1 for two years of comprehensive intervention including low dose @entity3413 and the effects of the interventions were observed. Results: A total of 655 @entity1 (347 @entity1 in the intervention groups, 308 @entity1 in the control groups) were randomly selected from 12 villages in Jiangbazi Township, follow-up rate is 87.0%. Compared to baseline mean levels of TG and LDL-C were reduced by 1.39 mmol/L (p < 0.01) and 2.12 mmol/L (p < 0.01) respectively and levels of HDL-C increased by1.22 mmol/L (p < 0.01) in the intervention group. Lipids were controlled in 38.61% of the intervention groups vs. 3.57% of the control groups (p < 0.01). Compared with baseline lipid levels, TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C was significantly improved, compared with it was in control groups. Conclusions: Blood lipid levels of Uygur @entity1 with @entity2299 can be effectively improved through health education combined with low-dose @entity6817 administration. This suggests that national strategies in public health be developed to improve the treatments to @entity258 .

title: An Evaluation on the Effect of Health Education and of Low-Dose Statin in XXXX among @entity258 in Far Western China: A Comprehensive Intervention Study.

answer: @entity2299 :: (MESH:D050171,Disease) :: ['Dyslipidemia']


abstract: Forty-six female @entity35 were used. Twelve days after mating, all the fetuses were removed and fetal membrane with yolk sac were left outside of the uterus following the method reported by Sorbis and Vandeputte (1974). About the half of the @entity35 were ovariectomized at the laparotomy. The @entity35 were killed at 20 and 40 weeks after treatment and examined. No difference was observed in @entity5 incidence between fetectomy alone and fetectomy plus ovariectomy at both 20 and 40 weeks and it was about 70%. The size of @entity5 varied from 2 to 35 mm in diameter. The size of @entity5 tended to be greater in fetectomy plus ovariectomy compared with fetectomy alone at 20 weeks, but no significant difference was observed at 40 weeks between the two groups. Histologically the @entity5 were characterized by the presence of a variety of differentiated tissues. @entity3 to the visceral part were detected in 2 @entity35 of fetectomy alone and the @entity5 were diagnosed as yolk sac @entity5 . These results indicate that sex @entity230 might influence the teratocarcinogenesis.

title: [Experimental teratoma by fetectomy in the XXXX : influence of ovariectomy (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Metastases']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4350 proved its efficacy in relapsed @entity242 (STS) in 3 multicenter phase II studies with selected @entity1 . The aim of the present study is to investigate @entity4350 efficacy and tolerance in a cohort of "real-life" unselected @entity1 with @entity242 . METHODS: A single-center analysis was carried out on all consecutive @entity1 with histologically proven unresectable advanced or metastatic STS, who received at least one cycle of @entity4350 . Data on efficacy and tolerance were retrospectively reported. RESULTS: From 2004 to 2014, data of 59 @entity1 were reviewed. Median age was 62 years (from 23 to 87). A total of 317 cycles of @entity4350 were administered. Twenty-five @entity1 (42%) suffered grade 3-4 hematological @entity137 , mainly with @entity1398 (22 @entity1 , 37%). Disease control rate was 24%, mainly with stable disease, and 45 @entity1 (76%) experienced disease progression. Median overall survival was 6.6 months (95%CI [4.9-12.6]). CONCLUSION: @entity4350 might be an option for @entity1 without any other validated alternative, but phase III study evaluating @entity4350 +best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC is necessary.

title: What makes real world outcomes in soft @entity242 ? A mono-institutional XXXX experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4350 :: ('MESH:C099150', 'Chemical') :: ['trabectedin', 'Trabectedin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'advanced soft tissue sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity4350 :: (MESH:C099150,Chemical) :: ['trabectedin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4350 proved its efficacy in relapsed @entity242 (STS) in 3 multicenter phase II studies with selected @entity1 . The aim of the present study is to investigate @entity4350 efficacy and tolerance in a cohort of "real-life" unselected @entity1 with @entity242 . METHODS: A single-center analysis was carried out on all consecutive @entity1 with histologically proven unresectable advanced or metastatic STS, who received at least one cycle of @entity4350 . Data on efficacy and tolerance were retrospectively reported. RESULTS: From 2004 to 2014, data of 59 @entity1 were reviewed. Median age was 62 years (from 23 to 87). A total of 317 cycles of @entity4350 were administered. Twenty-five @entity1 (42%) suffered grade 3-4 hematological @entity137 , mainly with @entity1398 (22 @entity1 , 37%). Disease control rate was 24%, mainly with stable disease, and 45 @entity1 (76%) experienced disease progression. Median overall survival was 6.6 months (95%CI [4.9-12.6]). CONCLUSION: @entity4350 might be an option for @entity1 without any other validated alternative, but phase III study evaluating @entity4350 +best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC is necessary.

title: What makes real world outcomes in soft XXXX ? A mono-institutional @entity4350 experience.

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['tissue sarcomas']


abstract: @entity2643 was utilized in 70 @entity1 with symptomatic, sustained refractory @entity591 . Of these, 29 had @entity943 (20 recurrent @entity955 and nine sustained @entity4710 ). Control was achieved in eight with @entity4710 and in 16 with @entity955 . Recurrence has been prevented in these 24 @entity1 (83%) during an average follow-up of 13.4 months. An additional 41 @entity1 had recurrent @entity1165 . In 19 with symptoms consisting of @entity1296 without @entity1163 or clinically apparent hemodynamic compromise, treatment was limited to @entity2643 . Of these, 14 responded (74%) and have been free of @entity943 during an average follow-up of 13 months. In 22 who had experienced either @entity1163 or life-threatening @entity73 , @entity2643 was added to those agents which had only partially suppressed advanced grades of @entity1540 . Fourteen of these @entity1 (64%) have remained free pf recurrent @entity943 during an average follow-up of 12 months. After drug loading, maintenance therapy consisted of a daily dose ranging from 200 to 600 mg. Only mild side effects have been encountered in the 17 @entity1 (23%) with any untoward responses. This experience confirms that oral @entity2643 is an effective and safely applied agent against recurrent refractory @entity4710 and sustained intractable @entity1165 with moderate symptoms. While also efficacious in refractory sustained life-threatening @entity1165 , usage of the agent is often difficult in this condition owing in part to insufficient information concerning @entity2643 pharmacokinetics.

title: XXXX therapy in symptomatic, sustained refractory @entity4710 .

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone', 'Amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia', 'ventricular tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic impairment']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness of lightheadedness']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular premature beats']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia', 'atrial tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrhythmia', 'ventricular arrhythmia', 'arrhythmia']

answer: @entity2643 :: (MESH:D000638,Chemical) :: ['Amiodarone']


abstract: @entity2643 was utilized in 70 @entity1 with symptomatic, sustained refractory @entity591 . Of these, 29 had @entity943 (20 recurrent @entity955 and nine sustained @entity4710 ). Control was achieved in eight with @entity4710 and in 16 with @entity955 . Recurrence has been prevented in these 24 @entity1 (83%) during an average follow-up of 13.4 months. An additional 41 @entity1 had recurrent @entity1165 . In 19 with symptoms consisting of @entity1296 without @entity1163 or clinically apparent hemodynamic compromise, treatment was limited to @entity2643 . Of these, 14 responded (74%) and have been free of @entity943 during an average follow-up of 13 months. In 22 who had experienced either @entity1163 or life-threatening @entity73 , @entity2643 was added to those agents which had only partially suppressed advanced grades of @entity1540 . Fourteen of these @entity1 (64%) have remained free pf recurrent @entity943 during an average follow-up of 12 months. After drug loading, maintenance therapy consisted of a daily dose ranging from 200 to 600 mg. Only mild side effects have been encountered in the 17 @entity1 (23%) with any untoward responses. This experience confirms that oral @entity2643 is an effective and safely applied agent against recurrent refractory @entity4710 and sustained intractable @entity1165 with moderate symptoms. While also efficacious in refractory sustained life-threatening @entity1165 , usage of the agent is often difficult in this condition owing in part to insufficient information concerning @entity2643 pharmacokinetics.

title: @entity2643 therapy in symptomatic, sustained refractory XXXX .

answer: @entity4710 :: (MESH:D013617,Disease) :: ['atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias']


abstract: Groups of pregnant @entity35 were injected with two successive daily doses of @entity665 from gestational day 12 and 13 (E12 + 13) until the day before parturition (E21 + 22) in order to label in their embryos the proliferating precursors of neurons. At 60 days of age the proportion of neurons generated (or no longer labeled) on specific @entity2085 was determined quantitatively in 14 nuclei of the pontine region. Peak production time of neurons of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus was on day E11 or earlier, with a small proportion generated on day E12. Peak production time of the trigeminal motor neurons was on day E12, with a small proportion produced earlier. Neurons of the principal sensory nucleus were generated between days E13 and @entity23852 , with a peak on day E14; the late-produced neurons tended to belong to a class of intermediate and large cells. The bulk of the neurons of the supratrigeminal and infratrigeminal nuclei arose on days E15 and @entity23852 . Neurons of the locus coeruleus are produced mostly on day E12, with about 20% of the cells arising on day E13. The bulk of the neurons of the dorsal tegmental nucleus (Gudden's) are produced between days E13 and E15, whereas most of the neurons of the deep (ventral) tegmental nucleus are produced on day E15. A dorsal-to-caudal gradient was also obtained between the dorsal and ventral nuclei of the lateral lemniscus, the neurons of the former being generated between days E12 and E15; the latter, between days E13 and E17. The neurons of both the pars lateralis and the pars medialis of the parabrachial nucleus were produced simultaneously between days E13 and E15, with a peak on day E13. The heterogeneous collection of neurons of the pontine paramedial reticular formation was produced for day E11 (or earlier) until day E15. Finally, the neurons of the raphe pontis parvicellularis were generated at an even rate between days E13 and E15, whereas the bulk of the neurons of the raphe pontis magnocellularis were produced on days E15 and @entity23852 . On the basis of datings obtained for 9 subdivisions of the entire brain stem trigeminal complex, hypotheses were offered of the cytogenetic components of the system. The sequence of neuron production in the dorsal and deep tegmental nuclei was related to their connections with divisions of the mammillary and habenular nuclei on a "first come-first serve" basis.

title: Development of the brain stem in the XXXX . IV. Thymidine-radiographic study of the time of origin of neurons in the pontine region.

entities_list: @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic days']

entities_list: @entity665 :: ('CHEBI:53526', 'Chemical') :: ['3H-thymidine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: In this study an attempt was made to determine the relationship between @entity8267 ( @entity2333 ) and other @entity75 in the aged. The brains of 128 autopsy @entity1 over 60 years of age were examined by both light and electron microscopy. The frequency of cerebral @entity2333 increased with age and was 58 percent in @entity1 over the age of 90. The change was observed more often in @entity1 than in @entity1 . In 7 cases of severe @entity2333 , the temporal or occipital cortex was the most common site. Most cases of @entity2333 were complicated by the formation of senile plaques in the cortex. Electron microscopic examination revealed amyloid fibrils deposited in clusters in the media and adventitia of the vessels, destroying their structure. Some blood vessels on the surface of the cortex showed @entity6517 , angionecrosis, duplication of the wall, or @entity432 . @entity2333 is sometimes a cause of @entity1779 . Five cases of massive @entity1779 were found among @entity1 aged 90 or older, including a temporal @entity1410 in a 92-year-old @entity1 which was believed to be due to the marked @entity2333 noted in the temporal lobes. Small cortical @entity1188 were common in the temporal lobes.

title: XXXX in the elderly.

entities_list: @entity8267 :: ('MESH:D016657', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral amyloid angiopathy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6517 :: ('MESH:D057770', 'Disease') :: ['hyalinosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral bleeding']

answer: @entity8267 :: (MESH:D016657,Disease) :: ['Cerebral amyloid angiopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Superparamagnetic @entity1933 nanoparticles (SPIONs) are the most commonly used negative MRI contrast agent which affect the transverse (T2) relaxation time. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of various polymeric coatings on the performance of @entity3703 nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents. METHODS: Ferrofluids based on @entity3703 ( @entity13528 ) nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized via chemical co-precipitation method and coated with different biocompatible polymer coatings including @entity19792 , chitosan and dextran. RESULTS: The bonding status of different polymers on the surface of the @entity3703 nanoparticles was confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis confirmed the superparamagnetic behavior of all synthesized nanoparticles. The field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) indicated the formation of quasi-spherical nanostructures with the final average particle size of 12-55 nm depending on the type of polymer coating, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) determined inverse spinel structure of @entity3703 nanoparticles. The ferrofluids demonstrated sufficient colloidal stability in deionized water with the zeta potentials of -24.2, -16.9, +31.6 and -21 mV for the naked SPIONs, and for dextran, chitosan and @entity19792 coated SPIONs, respectively. Finally, the magnetic relaxivities of water based ferrofluids were measured on a 1.5 T clinical MRI instrument. The r2/r1 value was calculated to be 17.21, 19.42 and 20.71 for the dextran, chitosan and @entity19792 coated SPIONs, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrated that the value of r2/r1 ratio of @entity19792 modified SPIONs is higher than that of some commercial contrast agents. Therefore, it can be considered as a promising candidate for T2 MRI contrast agent.

title: The impact of polymer coatings on XXXX nanoparticles performance as MRI contrast agents: a comparative study.

entities_list: @entity3703 :: ('MESH:D052203', 'Chemical') :: ['magnetite']

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

answer: @entity3703 :: (MESH:D052203,Chemical) :: ['magnetite']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: DCIS ( @entity513 in situ) constitutes 15,2% of @entity0 . Conservative surgery coupled with adjuvant radiotherapy is often recommended. The rate of revision surgery is high, from 30 to 60%. The concern is a high quality resection within clear margins with a satisfactory aesthetic result. The objective of this review is to precise the place of oncoplastic surgery in DCIS care. Among risk factors of recurrence, tumoral invasion of surgical margins is capital. In histology, clear margins usually adopted for DCIS are 2mm, even though there is no international consensus. Recent studies show that a 10mm limit would be better. @entity16 caused by surgery, often increased by radiotherapy, has a negative impact on @entity1 quality of life  : oncoplastic surgery may minimize it. Techniques of plastic surgery, arranged into level 1 and 2, allow pushing back conservative treatment limits by removing a larger @entity5 with clear margins. Often used in invasive @entity5 , few data exist regarding oncoplastic surgery and DCIS. It allows to increase the dimensions of surgical resection by 20% and to decrease positive margins significantly therefore the rate of revision surgeries. @entity1 are satisfied with it. Specific indications need to be clarified according to age, size and "comedonecrosis" presence. Oncoplastic surgery should be developed in DCIS specific care.

title: [Oncoplastic breast surgery for the management of XXXX in situ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Aesthetic damage']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['Ductal carcinoma']

answer: @entity513 :: (MESH:D044584,Disease) :: ['ductal carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Occlusion of the internal carotid artery puts @entity1 at risk of recurrent @entity63 events because of hemodynamic compromise. Our goal was to characterize clinical and duplex parameters indicating @entity1 at risk of recurrent @entity63 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified @entity1 with @entity432 . Clinical characteristics and ultrasound parameters, including collateral networks, were analyzed. Predictors for recurrent @entity63 were investigated by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 68 @entity1 , at least 1 recurrent @entity63 event within the same vascular territory was observed in 14 @entity1 (20.6%) within 2 to 92 days (median, 29.5 days). The median follow-up period was 6 months. @entity6 and previous transient @entity63 attack were associated with recurrence, as was activation of the maximum number of collateral pathways on transcranial ultrasound (28.6% versus 5.6%; P=0.03). Furthermore, flow in the posterior cerebral arteries was higher in @entity1 with recurrence in ipsilateral and contralateral posterior cerebral artery P2 segments (76 IQR 37.5 versus 59, IQR 22.5 cm/s and 68, IQR 35.6 versus 52, IQR 21 cm/s; P<0.01 and 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Flow increases in both posterior cerebral artery P2 segments suggest intensified compensatory efforts when other collaterals are insufficient. Together with the presence of @entity6 and a history of transient @entity63 attack, this duplex parameter indicates that @entity1 with internal carotid artery are at particular risk of recurrent @entity63 .

title: Ultrasound and Clinical Predictors of Recurrent XXXX in Symptomatic Internal Carotid @entity432 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['symptomatic internal carotid artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral ischemia', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Occlusion of the internal carotid artery puts @entity1 at risk of recurrent @entity63 events because of hemodynamic compromise. Our goal was to characterize clinical and duplex parameters indicating @entity1 at risk of recurrent @entity63 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified @entity1 with @entity432 . Clinical characteristics and ultrasound parameters, including collateral networks, were analyzed. Predictors for recurrent @entity63 were investigated by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 68 @entity1 , at least 1 recurrent @entity63 event within the same vascular territory was observed in 14 @entity1 (20.6%) within 2 to 92 days (median, 29.5 days). The median follow-up period was 6 months. @entity6 and previous transient @entity63 attack were associated with recurrence, as was activation of the maximum number of collateral pathways on transcranial ultrasound (28.6% versus 5.6%; P=0.03). Furthermore, flow in the posterior cerebral arteries was higher in @entity1 with recurrence in ipsilateral and contralateral posterior cerebral artery P2 segments (76 IQR 37.5 versus 59, IQR 22.5 cm/s and 68, IQR 35.6 versus 52, IQR 21 cm/s; P<0.01 and 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Flow increases in both posterior cerebral artery P2 segments suggest intensified compensatory efforts when other collaterals are insufficient. Together with the presence of @entity6 and a history of transient @entity63 attack, this duplex parameter indicates that @entity1 with internal carotid artery are at particular risk of recurrent @entity63 .

title: Ultrasound and Clinical Predictors of Recurrent @entity63 in Symptomatic Internal Carotid XXXX .

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['Artery Occlusion']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adults with @entity1032 may have difficulties with data collection methods such as questionnaires and accelerometry. AIMS: To assess the utility of questionnaires and accelerometry for assessing physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in non-institutionalised adults with @entity1032 . METHODS: @entity1 were recruited from outpatient clinics and community organisations. @entity1 completed PA and SB questionnaires, wore accelerometers for 7   d, and rated the ease/difficulty of completing study components. Recruitment numbers, adherence, and ease/difficulty ratings were examined. Ease/difficulty ratings were compared between study components, and between @entity1 by distress level. RESULTS: One hundred forty-two @entity1 completed the questionnaires; they found it easier to report PA than reclining time (p   =   0.017), and reclining time than sitting time (p   <   0.001). @entity1 with high distress found it more difficult to report sitting time and PA than @entity1 with low distress (p   <   0.017). Ninety-nine @entity1 (70%) completed the accelerometry; the majority (88%) met the minimum wear-time criteria. They found it easier to wear the monitor during the day than while sleeping (p   <   0.001), and easier to complete accelerometry than questionnaires (p   <   0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Accelerometry was more feasible for assessing SB than questionnaires. Questionnaires were feasible for assessing PA, but less acceptable for @entity1 experiencing high distress.

title: The feasibility and acceptability of questionnaires and accelerometry for measuring physical activity and sedentary behaviour in adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

answer: @entity1032 :: (MESH:D008607,Disease) :: ['mental illness']


abstract: REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Injury to the superficial @entity1795 (SDFT) is common in equids, with a high risk of re-injury associated with changes in @entity924 . In vivo measurement of limb @entity2693 has been shown to correlate with @entity924 after injury [1] but requires kinematic analysis which is impractical in a clinical setting. We have developed a simple system for measuring limb @entity2693 statically, which could be used as a tool for monitoring SDFT healing. OBJECTIVES: To validate a goniometric measurement of limb @entity2693 . STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional study. METHODS: Initially, forelimb @entity2693 indices were determined at the walk for 6 equids using a validated kinematic analysis [1]. Limb @entity2693 indices were then calculated using portable floor scales to record ground reaction force (GRF), and an electrogoniometer to record metacarpophalangeal joint angle. Goniometric limb @entity2693 indices were subsequently measured in 11 @entity1641 ranging from 2 to 20 years of age, with no clinical evidence of @entity1796 . Strength and significance of correlation and agreement between the measurement methods was assessed and association between limb @entity2693 , limb (left vs. right), weight and age of @entity1641 and were calculated. RESULTS: There were strong positive correlations between GRF and joint angle (R(2)   =   0.98) and between the static and kinematic methods (R   =   0.78, P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between limb @entity2693 and weight (R(2)   =   0.85, P<0.01), but no association with age or limb. CONCLUSIONS: This study validated the measurement of limb @entity2693 in a clinical setting. The positive correlation of limb @entity2693 and weight supports the theory of an optimised limb spring [2] for energy-efficient cursorial locomotion which may, in turn, provide a clinically-relevant measure of running efficiency and therefore the quality of @entity1796 . Ethical animal research:   Owner consent was obtained. SOURCE OF FUNDING:    None. Competing interests:   None declared.

title: Clinical Research Abstracts of the British XXXX Veterinary Association Congress 2015.

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendon stiffness']

entities_list: @entity1796 :: ('MESH:D013708', 'Disease') :: ['SDFT injury', 'tendon healing post injury']

entities_list: @entity1795 :: ('MESH:D052582', 'Disease') :: ['digital flexor tendon']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['Equine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the serum level of @entity2355 ( @entity2355 ), a circulating high-molecular weight glycoprotein and a diagnostic biomarker of @entity401 , is a clinically useful biomarker for detecting chronic @entity1173 in @entity1 with severe motor and @entity717 (SMIDS). STUDY DESIGN: @entity1 with SMIDS undergoing videofluorography for assessment of @entity1282 were prospectively evaluated. Based on the videofluorography results, the @entity1 were classified into @entity1173 and non- @entity1173 groups. Age, sex, white blood cell count, and serum levels of @entity1851 , @entity880 dehydrogenase, albumin, and @entity2355 were compared between the 2 groups. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with the presence of @entity1173 . RESULTS: A total of 66 @entity1 participated in this study, 37 who were classified as the @entity1173 group and 29 as the non- @entity1173 group. The serum @entity2355 level in the @entity1173 group was significantly higher than that in the non- @entity1173 group (median, 344 U/mL vs 207 U/mL, P  <  .01). Logistic regression modeling showed that the number of prescribed antiepileptic drugs (OR, 1.978; 95% CI, 1.217, 3.214; P  <  .01) and serum @entity2355 level (OR, 1.012; 95% CI, 1.005, 1.019; P  <  .01) were independent predictors of @entity1173 . CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated that the @entity2355 level is significantly higher in @entity1 with SMIDS who aspirate than in those who do not. @entity2355 shows promise as a biomarker for @entity1030 due to @entity1173 in these @entity1 .

title: Clinical Usefulness of Serum XXXX for Detecting Chronic Aspiration in @entity1 with Severe Motor and @entity717 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lung disease']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung diseases']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disabilities']

entities_list: @entity1173 :: ('MESH:D053120', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration']

answer: @entity2355 :: (4582,Gene) :: ['Krebs von den Lungen-6']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the serum level of @entity2355 ( @entity2355 ), a circulating high-molecular weight glycoprotein and a diagnostic biomarker of @entity401 , is a clinically useful biomarker for detecting chronic @entity1173 in @entity1 with severe motor and @entity717 (SMIDS). STUDY DESIGN: @entity1 with SMIDS undergoing videofluorography for assessment of @entity1282 were prospectively evaluated. Based on the videofluorography results, the @entity1 were classified into @entity1173 and non- @entity1173 groups. Age, sex, white blood cell count, and serum levels of @entity1851 , @entity880 dehydrogenase, albumin, and @entity2355 were compared between the 2 groups. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with the presence of @entity1173 . RESULTS: A total of 66 @entity1 participated in this study, 37 who were classified as the @entity1173 group and 29 as the non- @entity1173 group. The serum @entity2355 level in the @entity1173 group was significantly higher than that in the non- @entity1173 group (median, 344 U/mL vs 207 U/mL, P  <  .01). Logistic regression modeling showed that the number of prescribed antiepileptic drugs (OR, 1.978; 95% CI, 1.217, 3.214; P  <  .01) and serum @entity2355 level (OR, 1.012; 95% CI, 1.005, 1.019; P  <  .01) were independent predictors of @entity1173 . CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated that the @entity2355 level is significantly higher in @entity1 with SMIDS who aspirate than in those who do not. @entity2355 shows promise as a biomarker for @entity1030 due to @entity1173 in these @entity1 .

title: Clinical Usefulness of Serum @entity2355 for Detecting Chronic Aspiration in @entity1 with Severe Motor and XXXX .

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['Intellectual Disabilities']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the serum level of @entity2355 ( @entity2355 ), a circulating high-molecular weight glycoprotein and a diagnostic biomarker of @entity401 , is a clinically useful biomarker for detecting chronic @entity1173 in @entity1 with severe motor and @entity717 (SMIDS). STUDY DESIGN: @entity1 with SMIDS undergoing videofluorography for assessment of @entity1282 were prospectively evaluated. Based on the videofluorography results, the @entity1 were classified into @entity1173 and non- @entity1173 groups. Age, sex, white blood cell count, and serum levels of @entity1851 , @entity880 dehydrogenase, albumin, and @entity2355 were compared between the 2 groups. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with the presence of @entity1173 . RESULTS: A total of 66 @entity1 participated in this study, 37 who were classified as the @entity1173 group and 29 as the non- @entity1173 group. The serum @entity2355 level in the @entity1173 group was significantly higher than that in the non- @entity1173 group (median, 344 U/mL vs 207 U/mL, P  <  .01). Logistic regression modeling showed that the number of prescribed antiepileptic drugs (OR, 1.978; 95% CI, 1.217, 3.214; P  <  .01) and serum @entity2355 level (OR, 1.012; 95% CI, 1.005, 1.019; P  <  .01) were independent predictors of @entity1173 . CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated that the @entity2355 level is significantly higher in @entity1 with SMIDS who aspirate than in those who do not. @entity2355 shows promise as a biomarker for @entity1030 due to @entity1173 in these @entity1 .

title: Clinical Usefulness of Serum @entity2355 for Detecting Chronic Aspiration in XXXX with Severe Motor and @entity717 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Microvascular decompression (MVD) is an effective and safe treatment option that offers the prospect of definitive cure for hemifacial @entity2473 (HFS). However, there are potential risks of complications for MVD associated with @entity129 in particular. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical characteristics of possible complications after MVD for HFS and to establish appropriate management concept of these complications. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 2040 @entity1 who underwent RmSOC with MVD for HFS at Samsung medical center between January 1998 and March 2013. Of 2040 @entity1 , 2027 were followed (99.4  %). Of the 2027 @entity1 , 1841 (90.8  %) exhibited complete relief or minimal symptoms, and 113 (5.6  %) reported improved @entity2473 but had mild remnant symptoms. After operation, the most frequently developed complications were @entity2103 (8.19  %), followed by @entity2171 (4.90  %) and @entity393 (3.63  %). There were two cases of @entity548 , three cases of @entity1188 . MVD was found to be safe and effective treatment for HFS, in consistent with previous reports. Some of the complications such as @entity2103 , @entity2171 , and @entity393 are relatively common. However, they have mild clinical courses that are usually transient.

title: Postoperative complications of microvascular decompression for hemifacial XXXX : lessons from experience of 2040 cases.

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['retromastoid suboccipital craniectomy (RmSOC) and cranial nerves']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['supratentorial subdural hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity2171 :: ('MESH:D010034', 'Disease') :: ['middle ear effusion']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['spasm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Routine use of antifibrinolytic agents in spine surgery is still an issue of debate. OBJECTIVE: To gather scientific evidence for the efficacy and safety of antifibrinolytic agents including aprotinin, @entity927 ( @entity928 ) and @entity929 ( @entity930 , traditionally known as Amicar) in reducing perioperative @entity190 and transfusion requirements in @entity1635 surgery. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), retrospective case-control studies, and retrospective cohort studies on the use of antifibrinolytic agents in @entity1635 surgery by searching in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Controlled Trials of papers published from January 1980 through July 2014. Safety of the antifibrinolytic agents was evaluated in all included studies, while efficacy was evaluated in RCTs. RESULTS: Eighteen papers with a total of 1,158 @entity1 were eligible for inclusion in this study. Among them, 8 RCTs with 450 @entity1 were included for evaluation of pharmacologic efficacy (1 RCT was excluded because of a lack of standard deviation data). Mean @entity190 was reduced in @entity1 with perioperative use of antifibrinolytic agents by 409.25 ml intraoperatively (95% confidence interval [CI], 196.57-621.94 ml), 250.30 ml postoperatively (95% CI, 35.31-465.30), and 601.40 ml overall (95% CI, 306.64-896.16 ml). The mean volume of blood transfusion was reduced by 474.98 ml (95% CI, 195.30-754.67 ml). The transfusion rate was 44.6% (108/242) in the patients with antifibrinolytic agents and 68.3% (142/208) in the @entity1 with placebo. (OR 0.38; 95% CI; 0.25-0.58; P<0.00001, I2 = 9%). All studies were included for evaluation of safety, with a total of 8 adverse events reported overall (4 in the experimental group and 4 in the control group). CONCLUSION: The systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that aprotinin, @entity928 , and @entity930 all significantly reduced perioperative @entity190 and transfusion requirements in @entity1635 surgery. There was no evidence that the use of antifibrinolytic agents was a risk factor for adverse events, especially @entity1031 , in @entity1635 surgery.

title: Efficacy and Safety of Antifibrinolytic Agents in Reducing Perioperative XXXX and Transfusion Requirements in Scoliosis Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity929 :: ('MESH:D015119', 'Chemical') :: ['epsilon aminocaproic acid']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['tranexamic acid']

answer: @entity190 :: (MESH:D006473,Disease) :: ['Blood Loss']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the radiologic and histological characteristics of biliary intraductal metastasis of advanced @entity356 and the clinical outcomes of percutaneous, metallic stent placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively assessed 24 @entity1 with @entity3883 related to biliary intraductal metastasis of @entity356 who underwent PTBD and subsequent metallic stent placement between 2003 and 2012. RESULTS: Intraductal metastases appeared as uniform, concentric, linear (n   =   17) or band-like (n   =   7), enhanced wall thickening on CT, and 20 @entity1 (83.3  %) had @entity5409 . On pathology specimens, malignant cells scattered in the submucosal layer caused a @entity2269 . The technical and clinical success rate of stent placement was achieved in all 24 @entity1 . The median survival time was 203  days. Stent occlusion was observed in four @entity1 with 49-278 days following stent placement. The median stent patency time was 156  days. CONCLUSIONS: The radiologic and histological characteristics of biliary intraductal metastasis of advanced @entity356 consist of uniform, linear or band-like, enhanced biliary wall thickening and malignant cells scattered in the submucosal layer, together with the @entity2269 without any disruption of the epithelial layer. Uncovered metallic stent placement was also a safe and effective method of palliative treatment in these @entity1 . KEY POINTS:     The CT findings of intraductal metastasis were linear/band-like, enhanced biliary wall thickening.     The histological finding was malignant cells scattered in the submucosal layer.     It showed a @entity2269 without any disruption of the epithelial layer.     Uncovered metallic stent placement was a safe and effective palliative treatment.

title: Biliary intraductal metastasis from advanced XXXX : radiologic and histologic characteristics, and clinical outcomes of percutaneous metallic stent placement.

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic ductal lesions']

entities_list: @entity2269 :: ('MESH:D058405', 'Disease') :: ['desmoplastic reaction']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric cancers']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: We have previously demonstrated that while VLDL-TG production increased in subjects fed high @entity435 diets, VLDL apo-B production did not change. To further define the effects of high @entity435 diets on apo-B metabolism in @entity1 , we studied the catabolism of this apoprotein in VLDL, IDL, and LDL in three @entity6308 subjects during control and high @entity435 diets. 125I-VLDL was injected intravenously into subjects and 18 blood samples obtained over the following 48-hr period. VLDL, IDL, and LDL were isolated by sequential ultracentrifugation at each time point and the specific radioactivity of apo-B in each lipoprotein class was determined. A multicompartmental analysis was utilized to analyze the three radioactivity curves obtained in each study. The major change in apo-B catabolism during the high @entity435 diet involved the conversion of VLDL apo-B to LDL apo-B. During the control diet, 40%--62% of VLDL apo-B was converted to LDL apo-B while during the high @entity435 period, only 16%--42% of VLDL apo-B was converted to LDL. The reduction in conversion resulted from two separate processes. First, direct catabolism of VLDL apo-B without conversion to higher density lipoprotein classes increased during the high @entity435 diet. Second, although during the control period approximately 25% of VLDL apo-B was converted directly to LDL apo-B (without passing through the IDL density range), essentially no VLDL apo-B degradation occurred via this route during the high @entity435 period. Thus, although the rate of VLDL apo-B secretion into plasma was the same during both diet periods, significant alterations in the routes of catabolism of apo-B occurred on the high @entity435 diet.

title: Effect of a high carbohydrate diet on apoprotein-B catabolism in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6308 :: ('MESH:D064250', 'Disease') :: ['hypertriglyceridemic']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['man']


abstract: Molecular diagnosis of genetic @entity18299 is challenging for non-expert. A targeted next-generation sequencing technology was applied to identify the underlying molecular mechanism of @entity18299 and evaluate the contribution of these genes to @entity1 with @entity18299 encountered in pediatric endocrinology. A group of unrelated @entity1 (n=82), characterized by @entity851 , dysmorphology and X-ray abnormalities, of which mucopolysacharidoses, @entity7791 , @entity4085 owing to @entity2557 @entity25028 mutation had been excluded, were recruited in this study. Probes were designed to 61 genes selected according to the nosology and classification of genetic skeletal disorders of 2010 by Illumina's online DesignStudio software. DNA was hybridized with probes and then a library was established following the standard Illumina protocols. Amplicon library was sequenced on a MiSeq sequencing system and the data were analyzed by MiSeq Reporter. Mutations of 13 different genes were found in 44 of the 82 @entity1 (54%). Mutations of @entity794 gene and @entity15396 gene were found in nine @entity1 , respectively (9/44=20%), followed by COMP gene in 8 (18%), @entity23128 gene in 4 (9%), @entity6099 gene in 4 (9%), @entity13239 gene in 3 (6%) and @entity28942 , @entity34488 , @entity21535 , @entity23343 , @entity238 , @entity15089 , @entity22347 gene mutations in one @entity1 each (2% each). In conclusion, mutations of @entity794 , @entity15396 and COMP gene are common for @entity851 due to @entity18299 in outpatient clinics in pediatric endocrinology. Targeted next-generation sequencing is an efficient way to identify the underlying molecular mechanism of genetic @entity18299 .

title: A pilot study of gene testing of genetic XXXX using targeted next-generation sequencing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity18299 :: ('MESH:D001848', 'Disease') :: ['bone dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity7791 :: ('MESH:D016537', 'Disease') :: ['GM1 gangliosidosis']

entities_list: @entity4085 :: ('MESH:D009081', 'Disease') :: ['mucolipidosis type II/III and achondroplasia']

answer: @entity18299 :: (MESH:D001848,Disease) :: ['bone dysplasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess age- and sex-specific trends in incidence and 30-day and 1-year case fatality of @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ) in the Netherlands. METHODS: @entity1 hospitalized for first @entity1779 were identified through linkage of the national hospital discharge register and population register using ICD-9 code 431. We identified out-of-hospital deaths in the national cause of @entity204 register. Incidence, 30-day and 1-year case fatality, and total mortality rate were calculated by age and sex. We identified time trends by joinpoint regression analysis and Mann-Kendall tests. RESULTS: We identified 41,068 cases of @entity1779 (51% @entity1 ) between 1998 and 2010, of which 6% were out-of-hospital deaths. @entity1779 incidence declined in @entity1 and @entity1 younger than 75 years (p  <= 0.01, not significantly in @entity1 35-54 years) but remained stable in @entity1 75 years and older. Thirty-day and 1-year case fatality declined in @entity1 younger than 75 years (not significantly in @entity1 35-54 years). In @entity1 aged 35 to 54 years, @entity1779 mortality remained stable until 2003 and then declined slightly (annual percentage change [APC] @entity1 : -7.09%; 95% confidence interval [CI] -11.39 to -2.59; @entity1 : -8.67%; 95% CI -15.18 to -1.66). In @entity1 55 to 74 years, mortality declined in @entity1 between 1995 and 2010 ( @entity71240 .55%; 95% CI -5.49 to -3.59) and in @entity1 between 1992 and 2010 ( @entity19136 .51%; 95% CI -4.16 to -2.85). Mortality did not decline in @entity1 aged 75 years and older. CONCLUSION: In the Netherlands, @entity1779 incidence, case fatality, and mortality rates have declined significantly in @entity1 and @entity1 younger than 75 years but remained stable in @entity1 75 years and older. The observed time trends may be explained by better prevention and treatment during the previous 2 decades of which the elderly do not seem to benefit.

title: Time trends in incidence, case fatality, and mortality of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1779 :: (MESH:D002543,Disease) :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Fear of @entity5 recurrence (FCR) is increasingly recognised as a major concern for @entity1 with @entity5 once active treatment is completed. Several instruments have been designed to assess FCR; however, no gold standard has emerged. Many instruments conceptualise FCR as a multidimensional construct. However, this potentially conflates FCR as an outcome with its antecedents and consequences. This is problematic when an aggregate of distinct dimensions is calculated, as is commonly recommended. For example, the total score on the @entity5 Recurrence Inventory is an aggregate of items from seven sub-scales: triggers, severity, @entity458 , coping strategies, functioning impairments, insight and reassurance. Similarly, the total score on the Fear of Progression Questionnaire is an aggregate of affective reaction, partnership/family, work and loss of autonomy. Arguably, the severity and affective reaction domains represent fear, and the other sub-scales represent related concepts, rather than "dimensions" of FCR. The total score represents a combination of concepts whose meaning is unclear. The same total score could be produced by @entity1 with very different experiences, and @entity1 with the same level of fear could have very different total scores. Therefore, we argue that although the level of FCR may be determined by a complex network of antecedents and modifiers and have variable consequences, FCR itself may be a simple concept, which can be assessed using a smaller number of items. Conceptual clarity in its research infancy should prevent FCR becoming a construct that is vaguely operationalised and interpreted.

title: The sum of all fears: conceptual challenges with measuring fear of XXXX recurrence.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Fear of Cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate a corneal impression membrane (CIM) for isolation of bacteria, fungi and acanthamoeba in suspected @entity1036 . METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 presenting with suspected @entity1036 were included. For each @entity1 , samples were collected in a random order using a surgical blade and a 4-mm-diameter @entity736 CIM disc, and transported in brain heart infusion broth. Risk factors, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), size, location, depth and healing time of the @entity1066 were recorded. The microbial isolation rate was used to compare sampling methods. RESULTS: 130 @entity1 were included (mean age 62.6   years, SD 19.0). An antimicrobial had been used prior to presentation in 36 (27.7%) @entity1 . Mean major and minor @entity1066 diameters were 2.1   mm (SD 2.0) and 1.6   mm (SD 1.7). Mean healing time was 12.4   days (SD 13.6). BCVA at presentation and following healing was 0.7 (SD 0.7) and 0.62 (SD 0.7) (p=0.34). There were 66 isolates (50.8%); 53 (40.8%) using a CIM and 35 (26.9%) using a blade (p=0.02). @entity794 and coagulase-negative staphylococci were the commonest isolates. Isolation rate was not influenced by organism type, although in four cases Acanthamoeba spp. were isolated; three using CIM and one a blade. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the isolation of microorganisms from cases of suspected @entity1036 was significantly higher using a CIM than a surgical blade. A CIM may be a useful alternative or addition for sample collection in @entity1036 .

title: Impression membrane for the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['microbial keratitis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['polytetrafluoroethylene']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['microbial keratitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Return to work (RTW) is a pivotal goal of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in @entity1 after acute cardiac event. We aimed to evaluate @entity1167 ( @entity1167 ) parameters as predictors for RTW at discharge after CR. METHODS: We analyzed data from a registry of 489 working-age @entity1 (51.5      6.9  years, 87.9  % @entity1 ) who had undergone inpatient CR predominantly after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI 62.6  %), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG 17.2  %), or heart valve replacement (9.0  %). Sociodemographic and clinical parameters, noninvasive cardiac diagnostic (2D echo, exercise ECG, 6MWT) and psychodiagnostic screening data, as well as @entity1167 findings, were merged with RTW data from the German statutory pension insurance program and analyzed for prognostic ability. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 26.5      11.9  months, 373 (76.3  %) @entity1 returned to work, 116 (23.7  %) did not, and 60 (12.3  %) retired. After adjustment for covariates, elective CABG (HR 0.68, 95  % CI 0.47-0.98; p  =  0.036) and work intensity (per level HR 0.83, 95  % CI 0.73-0.93; p  =  0.002) were negatively associated with the probability of RTW. Exercise capacity in @entity1167 (in Watts) and the VE/VCO2-slope had independent prognostic significance for RTW. A higher work load increased (HR 1.17, 95  % CI 1.02-1.35; p  =  0.028) the probability of RTW, while a higher VE/VCO2 slope decreased (HR 0.85, 95  % CI 0.76-0.96; p  =  0.009) it. @entity1167 also had prognostic value for retirement: the likelihood of retirement decreased with increasing exercise capacity (HR 0.50, 95  % CI 0.30-0.82; p  =  0.006). CONCLUSION: @entity1167 is a valid tool for assessing @entity1 ' ability to return to work. Therefore, it may be an essential part of functional assessment during CR for predicting participation in employment.

title: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is predictive of return to work in cardiac XXXX after multicomponent rehabilitation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary exercise testing', 'CPX']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Eosinophilic @entity2883 with @entity2883 (EGPA) is a systemic @entity1333 characterized by @entity565 and blood @entity1712 , with the lung being the organ most frequently affected. Oral glucocorticoids and/or immunosuppressive drugs are the mainstay therapy of EGPA. Occasional reports suggest that EGPA @entity1 can be treated with omalizumab in addition to conventional therapy to achieve @entity565 control. To investigate the long-term effects of omalizumab in @entity1 with EGPA and @entity565 (2 females, 3 males, age 41-64 years), we carried out a 36-month follow-up observational study. At the time of enrollment, the @entity1 were on maintenance therapy and had moderate to severe @entity56 , @entity1712 and rhinosinusitis. @entity4216 / @entity305 and/or histological evidence of tissue eosinophilic infiltration were also present. METHODS: @entity1 were treated with omalizumab (300-600   mg s.c. every 2-4 weeks) as add-on therapy to @entity229 , inhaled @entity230 and bronchodilators. During omalizumab treatment, spirometry, the @entity565 control test (ACT) score and @entity1712 were evaluated, and @entity229 dosage was recorded. RESULTS: During the 36 months of omalizumab treatment @entity565 progressively improved as indicated by spirometry and the ACT score. @entity1712 progressively decreased. The oral @entity229 dose was reduced or withdrawn during treatment. No adverse events were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with EGPA and moderate to severe @entity56 , omalizumab can be beneficial and safe. It enables corticosteroid tapering while decreasing @entity1712 and @entity1109 over 36 months.

title: Omalizumab in @entity1 with eosinophilic XXXX with @entity2883 : a 36-month follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia', 'Eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['improving asthma symptoms']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic asthma']

entities_list: @entity4216 :: ('MESH:D020422', 'Disease') :: ['Mononeuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['polyangiitis', 'granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['granulomatosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Eosinophilic @entity2883 with @entity2883 (EGPA) is a systemic @entity1333 characterized by @entity565 and blood @entity1712 , with the lung being the organ most frequently affected. Oral glucocorticoids and/or immunosuppressive drugs are the mainstay therapy of EGPA. Occasional reports suggest that EGPA @entity1 can be treated with omalizumab in addition to conventional therapy to achieve @entity565 control. To investigate the long-term effects of omalizumab in @entity1 with EGPA and @entity565 (2 females, 3 males, age 41-64 years), we carried out a 36-month follow-up observational study. At the time of enrollment, the @entity1 were on maintenance therapy and had moderate to severe @entity56 , @entity1712 and rhinosinusitis. @entity4216 / @entity305 and/or histological evidence of tissue eosinophilic infiltration were also present. METHODS: @entity1 were treated with omalizumab (300-600   mg s.c. every 2-4 weeks) as add-on therapy to @entity229 , inhaled @entity230 and bronchodilators. During omalizumab treatment, spirometry, the @entity565 control test (ACT) score and @entity1712 were evaluated, and @entity229 dosage was recorded. RESULTS: During the 36 months of omalizumab treatment @entity565 progressively improved as indicated by spirometry and the ACT score. @entity1712 progressively decreased. The oral @entity229 dose was reduced or withdrawn during treatment. No adverse events were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with EGPA and moderate to severe @entity56 , omalizumab can be beneficial and safe. It enables corticosteroid tapering while decreasing @entity1712 and @entity1109 over 36 months.

title: Omalizumab in @entity1 with eosinophilic @entity2883 with XXXX : a 36-month follow-up study.

answer: @entity2883 :: (MESH:D014890,Disease) :: ['polyangiitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Eosinophilic @entity2883 with @entity2883 (EGPA) is a systemic @entity1333 characterized by @entity565 and blood @entity1712 , with the lung being the organ most frequently affected. Oral glucocorticoids and/or immunosuppressive drugs are the mainstay therapy of EGPA. Occasional reports suggest that EGPA @entity1 can be treated with omalizumab in addition to conventional therapy to achieve @entity565 control. To investigate the long-term effects of omalizumab in @entity1 with EGPA and @entity565 (2 females, 3 males, age 41-64 years), we carried out a 36-month follow-up observational study. At the time of enrollment, the @entity1 were on maintenance therapy and had moderate to severe @entity56 , @entity1712 and rhinosinusitis. @entity4216 / @entity305 and/or histological evidence of tissue eosinophilic infiltration were also present. METHODS: @entity1 were treated with omalizumab (300-600   mg s.c. every 2-4 weeks) as add-on therapy to @entity229 , inhaled @entity230 and bronchodilators. During omalizumab treatment, spirometry, the @entity565 control test (ACT) score and @entity1712 were evaluated, and @entity229 dosage was recorded. RESULTS: During the 36 months of omalizumab treatment @entity565 progressively improved as indicated by spirometry and the ACT score. @entity1712 progressively decreased. The oral @entity229 dose was reduced or withdrawn during treatment. No adverse events were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with EGPA and moderate to severe @entity56 , omalizumab can be beneficial and safe. It enables corticosteroid tapering while decreasing @entity1712 and @entity1109 over 36 months.

title: Omalizumab in XXXX with eosinophilic @entity2883 with @entity2883 : a 36-month follow-up study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']