abstract: Abstract @entity1423 ( @entity1423 ) to @entity1397 has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs) may be prothrombotic and contribute to the risk of recurrent events observed in @entity1 with @entity1423 . However, PMVs may also serve as biomarkers and be used to assess platelet function. We investigated the association between platelet responses to @entity1397 (measured by whole blood impedance aggregometry) and circulating PMVs in @entity1 with @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). Blood samples were obtained at discharge from 200 @entity1 with @entity1187 who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). All @entity1 were loaded with @entity117 and @entity1397 before PCI. @entity857 -induced whole blood impedance aggregometry and measurement of PMVs were performed. Cut-off values for @entity1423 and other reactivity (i.e. normal on-treatment reactivity, NPR and low on-treatment reactivity, LPR) to @entity1397 were set according to data from large prospective studies. We measured PMVs as phosphatidylserine and @entity17432 positive vesicles, together with @entity8729 or @entity11603 , using flow cytometry. @entity857 -induced platelet aggregation revealed that approximately 20% of @entity1 had @entity1423 . Levels of PMVs were almost two-fold higher in the @entity1423 group compared with @entity1 without @entity1423 (for both @entity17432 - and @entity8729 -positive PMVs, p   <   0.01). Furthermore, @entity1 with LPR to @entity1397 had significantly fewer PMVs exposing @entity8729 than @entity1 with @entity1423 or those with NPR to @entity1397 . @entity1 with @entity1423 during @entity1397 treatment have elevated levels of circulating PMVs, indicating ongoing platelet activation despite @entity1397 treatment. Moreover, in @entity1 with LPR to @entity1397 , circulating @entity22844 numbers are decreased. Taken together, our data suggest that PMVs are potential biomarkers of antiplatelet responses to @entity1397 . If PMVs also have prognostic value after, @entity1187 should be tested in future studies.

title: Association between platelet reactivity and circulating platelet-derived microvesicles in XXXX with @entity1187 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: Opportunistic brief in- @entity1 @entity341 ( @entity341 ) interventions can be effective at reducing hazardous @entity167 use in young adult drinkers, but require resources frequently unavailable. Mobile telephone text messaging ( @entity851 [ @entity851 ]) could sustainably deliver behavioral support to young adult @entity1 , but efficacy remains unknown. We report 3-month outcome data of a randomized controlled trial testing a novel @entity851 -delivered intervention in hazardous-drinking young adults. METHODS: We randomized 765 young adult @entity341 @entity1 who screened positive for past hazardous @entity167 use to one of 3 groups: @entity851 assessments+feedback (SA+F) intervention who were asked to respond to drinking-related queries and received real-time feedback through @entity851 each Thursday and Sunday for 12 weeks (n=384), @entity851 assessments (SA) who were asked to respond to @entity167 consumption queries each Sunday but did not receive any feedback (N=196), and a control group who did not participate in any @entity851 (n=185). Primary outcomes were self-reported number of binge drinking days and number of drinks per drinking day in the past 30 days, collected by Web-based timeline follow-back method and analyzed with regression models. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of @entity1 with weekend binge episodes and most drinks consumed per drinking occasion during 12 weekends, collected by @entity851 . RESULTS: With Web-based data, there were decreases in the number of self-reported binge drinking days from baseline to 3 months in the SA+F group (-0.51 [95% confidence interval {CI} -0.10 to -0.95]), whereas there were increases in the SA group (0.90 [95% CI 0.23 to 1.6]) and the control group (0.41 [95% CI -0.20 to 1.0]). There were also decreases in the number of self-reported drinks per drinking day from baseline to 3 months in the SA+F group (-0.31 [95% CI -0.07 to -0.55]), whereas there were increases in the SA group (0.10 [95% CI -0.27 to 0.47]) and the control group (0.39 [95% CI 0.06 to 0.72]). With @entity851 data, there was a lower mean proportion of SA+F @entity1 reporting a weekend binge during 12 weeks (30.5% [95% CI 25% to 36%) compared with the SA @entity1 (47.7% [95% CI 40% to 56%]). There was also a lower mean drinks consumed per weekend during 12 weeks in the SA+F group (3.2 [95% CI 2.6 to 3.7]) compared to the SA group (4.8 [95% CI 4.0 to 5.6]). CONCLUSION: A text message intervention can produce small reductions in self-reported binge drinking and the number of drinks consumed per drinking day in hazardous-drinking young adults after @entity341 discharge.

title: A text message @entity167 intervention for young adult XXXX @entity1 : a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short message service', 'SMS']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: Opportunistic brief in- @entity1 @entity341 ( @entity341 ) interventions can be effective at reducing hazardous @entity167 use in young adult drinkers, but require resources frequently unavailable. Mobile telephone text messaging ( @entity851 [ @entity851 ]) could sustainably deliver behavioral support to young adult @entity1 , but efficacy remains unknown. We report 3-month outcome data of a randomized controlled trial testing a novel @entity851 -delivered intervention in hazardous-drinking young adults. METHODS: We randomized 765 young adult @entity341 @entity1 who screened positive for past hazardous @entity167 use to one of 3 groups: @entity851 assessments+feedback (SA+F) intervention who were asked to respond to drinking-related queries and received real-time feedback through @entity851 each Thursday and Sunday for 12 weeks (n=384), @entity851 assessments (SA) who were asked to respond to @entity167 consumption queries each Sunday but did not receive any feedback (N=196), and a control group who did not participate in any @entity851 (n=185). Primary outcomes were self-reported number of binge drinking days and number of drinks per drinking day in the past 30 days, collected by Web-based timeline follow-back method and analyzed with regression models. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of @entity1 with weekend binge episodes and most drinks consumed per drinking occasion during 12 weekends, collected by @entity851 . RESULTS: With Web-based data, there were decreases in the number of self-reported binge drinking days from baseline to 3 months in the SA+F group (-0.51 [95% confidence interval {CI} -0.10 to -0.95]), whereas there were increases in the SA group (0.90 [95% CI 0.23 to 1.6]) and the control group (0.41 [95% CI -0.20 to 1.0]). There were also decreases in the number of self-reported drinks per drinking day from baseline to 3 months in the SA+F group (-0.31 [95% CI -0.07 to -0.55]), whereas there were increases in the SA group (0.10 [95% CI -0.27 to 0.47]) and the control group (0.39 [95% CI 0.06 to 0.72]). With @entity851 data, there was a lower mean proportion of SA+F @entity1 reporting a weekend binge during 12 weeks (30.5% [95% CI 25% to 36%) compared with the SA @entity1 (47.7% [95% CI 40% to 56%]). There was also a lower mean drinks consumed per weekend during 12 weeks in the SA+F group (3.2 [95% CI 2.6 to 3.7]) compared to the SA group (4.8 [95% CI 4.0 to 5.6]). CONCLUSION: A text message intervention can produce small reductions in self-reported binge drinking and the number of drinks consumed per drinking day in hazardous-drinking young adults after @entity341 discharge.

title: A text message XXXX intervention for young adult @entity341 @entity1 : a randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: Opportunistic brief in- @entity1 @entity341 ( @entity341 ) interventions can be effective at reducing hazardous @entity167 use in young adult drinkers, but require resources frequently unavailable. Mobile telephone text messaging ( @entity851 [ @entity851 ]) could sustainably deliver behavioral support to young adult @entity1 , but efficacy remains unknown. We report 3-month outcome data of a randomized controlled trial testing a novel @entity851 -delivered intervention in hazardous-drinking young adults. METHODS: We randomized 765 young adult @entity341 @entity1 who screened positive for past hazardous @entity167 use to one of 3 groups: @entity851 assessments+feedback (SA+F) intervention who were asked to respond to drinking-related queries and received real-time feedback through @entity851 each Thursday and Sunday for 12 weeks (n=384), @entity851 assessments (SA) who were asked to respond to @entity167 consumption queries each Sunday but did not receive any feedback (N=196), and a control group who did not participate in any @entity851 (n=185). Primary outcomes were self-reported number of binge drinking days and number of drinks per drinking day in the past 30 days, collected by Web-based timeline follow-back method and analyzed with regression models. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of @entity1 with weekend binge episodes and most drinks consumed per drinking occasion during 12 weekends, collected by @entity851 . RESULTS: With Web-based data, there were decreases in the number of self-reported binge drinking days from baseline to 3 months in the SA+F group (-0.51 [95% confidence interval {CI} -0.10 to -0.95]), whereas there were increases in the SA group (0.90 [95% CI 0.23 to 1.6]) and the control group (0.41 [95% CI -0.20 to 1.0]). There were also decreases in the number of self-reported drinks per drinking day from baseline to 3 months in the SA+F group (-0.31 [95% CI -0.07 to -0.55]), whereas there were increases in the SA group (0.10 [95% CI -0.27 to 0.47]) and the control group (0.39 [95% CI 0.06 to 0.72]). With @entity851 data, there was a lower mean proportion of SA+F @entity1 reporting a weekend binge during 12 weeks (30.5% [95% CI 25% to 36%) compared with the SA @entity1 (47.7% [95% CI 40% to 56%]). There was also a lower mean drinks consumed per weekend during 12 weeks in the SA+F group (3.2 [95% CI 2.6 to 3.7]) compared to the SA group (4.8 [95% CI 4.0 to 5.6]). CONCLUSION: A text message intervention can produce small reductions in self-reported binge drinking and the number of drinks consumed per drinking day in hazardous-drinking young adults after @entity341 discharge.

title: A text message @entity167 intervention for young adult @entity341 XXXX : a randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: SUMMARY Indoor transmission of @entity10130 partly depends on the physico-chemical conditions in bedding material. Temperature, pH, aqueous @entity3265 , moisture, occurrence and development of A. suum eggs were therefore compared in different areas (resting, intermediate and latrine) of two deep litter pens on an organic farm in four seasons. There was some variation, but mean @entity3265 levels were generally very low (1  0-2  6  mm) and pH levels were moderate (8  04-8  88) in all three areas. Relatively, resting areas were characterized by overall moderate moisture (36%) and moderately high temperature (35  7    C) levels. The area contained few eggs (50  eggs  g-1 @entity3918 ) of which 17% were viable, and though only 4% were larvated and 0  7% appeared infective, it was more than in the other areas. Intermediate areas had moderate moisture (43%) and high temperature (43  6    C) levels. There were many eggs (523  eggs  g-1 @entity3918 ), but overall viability was very low (5%) and few eggs were larvated (0  004%) or even infective (0  002%). Latrines typically had high moisture (79%) and moderate temperature (30    C) levels. The concentration of eggs was very high (1444  egg  g-1 @entity3918 ) and though 32% were viable, none had developed larval stages. The large majority of A. suum eggs appear to die and only few become infective while in the deep litter. However, a large fraction of eggs may remain viable for some time and could thus contaminate agricultural land and develop to infectivity, if the manure is not composted appropriately.

title: Development and survival of XXXX eggs in deep litter of pigs.

answer: @entity10130 :: (6253,Species) :: ['Ascaris suum']


abstract: OBJECTIVES:: Midgut @entity3313 with @entity1518 is typical in newborns. We present our experience to underline the importance of suspecting @entity20943 as cause of @entity490 also beyond infancy, particularly in relationship with @entity1518 , and the relevance of ultrasonographic (US) signs in its diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: 34 @entity1 (10M, 24 F; aged between 1 day and 12 years) diagnosed with @entity1518 or @entity1518 with @entity3313 , surgically confirmed, over a period between 2006 and 2013 were retrospectively selected among all @entity1 referred to our institution for acute @entity391 . They all underwent US and color Doppler examination before surgery. The US examinations were performed with 6-10 Mhz microconvex and 7.5-10 Mhz linear transducer. The transducer was placed under xiphoid and, with axial projection, it was evaluated the presence of anatomical position reversed between superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and @entity6029 ( @entity6029 ) as sign of @entity1518 , and the presence of "Whirpool Sign" ( @entity51 ) (wrapping of the SMV and the mesentery around the @entity6029 ), as sign of @entity20943 were evaluated. RESULTS:: In 27 of these 34 @entity1 , @entity20943 was present; 7 @entity1 had @entity1518 . In 2/7 (28%) @entity1 with @entity1518 @entity6029 and SMV were inverted. Among the @entity1 with @entity3313 , 2 showed reversed vessels position and 22 @entity1 presented the Whirlpool sign in association with @entity6029 /SMV inversion (22/27, 81%). CONCLUSIONS:: Midgut @entity3313 with @entity1518 can appear beyond the neonatal age group as demonstrated in our case. The @entity51 sign is sufficiently sensitive for its diagnosis and should be routinely researched at all ages of pediatric population. Anatomic inversion between SMV and @entity6029 seems to be not enough sensitive in @entity1518 diagnosis.

title: Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of XXXX With Malrotation in @entity1 : 7-Years Single Center Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity20943 :: ('MESH:C562456', 'Disease') :: ['midgut volvulus']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['abdomen and bilious vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1518 :: ('MESH:C562835', 'Disease') :: ['isolated malrotation', 'intestinal malrotation', 'malrotation']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity6029 :: ('MESH:D013478', 'Disease') :: ['superior mesenteric artery', 'SMA']

answer: @entity20943 :: (MESH:C562456,Disease) :: ['Midgut Volvulus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES:: Midgut @entity3313 with @entity1518 is typical in newborns. We present our experience to underline the importance of suspecting @entity20943 as cause of @entity490 also beyond infancy, particularly in relationship with @entity1518 , and the relevance of ultrasonographic (US) signs in its diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: 34 @entity1 (10M, 24 F; aged between 1 day and 12 years) diagnosed with @entity1518 or @entity1518 with @entity3313 , surgically confirmed, over a period between 2006 and 2013 were retrospectively selected among all @entity1 referred to our institution for acute @entity391 . They all underwent US and color Doppler examination before surgery. The US examinations were performed with 6-10 Mhz microconvex and 7.5-10 Mhz linear transducer. The transducer was placed under xiphoid and, with axial projection, it was evaluated the presence of anatomical position reversed between superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and @entity6029 ( @entity6029 ) as sign of @entity1518 , and the presence of "Whirpool Sign" ( @entity51 ) (wrapping of the SMV and the mesentery around the @entity6029 ), as sign of @entity20943 were evaluated. RESULTS:: In 27 of these 34 @entity1 , @entity20943 was present; 7 @entity1 had @entity1518 . In 2/7 (28%) @entity1 with @entity1518 @entity6029 and SMV were inverted. Among the @entity1 with @entity3313 , 2 showed reversed vessels position and 22 @entity1 presented the Whirlpool sign in association with @entity6029 /SMV inversion (22/27, 81%). CONCLUSIONS:: Midgut @entity3313 with @entity1518 can appear beyond the neonatal age group as demonstrated in our case. The @entity51 sign is sufficiently sensitive for its diagnosis and should be routinely researched at all ages of pediatric population. Anatomic inversion between SMV and @entity6029 seems to be not enough sensitive in @entity1518 diagnosis.

title: Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of @entity20943 With Malrotation in XXXX : 7-Years Single Center Experience.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: Background and Aim: Widespread multidrug-resistant @entity3064 (MDR-AB) strains have limited therapeutic options for treating intensive care unit (ICU) @entity1 with MDR-AB infection in Iran. We aimed to evaluate MDR-AB diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility in Tehran (Iran) to address the need for feasible and effective control approaches against @entity19650 . Methods: We used amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determinations to compare genotypic diversity and susceptibility patterns of 100 MDR-AB isolates from ICU @entity1 in two medical centers in Tehran (Iran), from 2006 to 2011. Results: Within 5 years, drastic genotypic changes occurred among MDR-AB isolates, and resistance to antimicrobials increased 0-30%. In 2011, 6-100% of isolates were resistant to every agent tested. All isolates remained susceptible to either @entity1214 or @entity2890 , however, MIC50 concentrations against these agents increased. Novel international clone (IC) variants (not IC I-III types) comprised 36% MDR-AB isolates in 2011. Conclusions: The MDR-AB population in Tehran is rapidly changing toward growing resistance to various antimicrobials, including @entity3273 and @entity9001 . Although increasing resistance to last-resort antimicrobials is alarming, simultaneous susceptibility of all MDR-AB isolates to some conventional antibiotics highlights the merits of investigating their synergistic activity against extended-spectrum and pandrug resistant A. baumannii. Integrating the novel Iranian MDR-AB IC variants into epidemiologic clonal and susceptibility profile databases can help global efforts toward the control of MDR-AB pandemic.

title: Multidrug Resistance Among XXXX Isolates from Iran: Changes in Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Genotypic Profile.

entities_list: @entity1214 :: ('MESH:D008911', 'Chemical') :: ['minocycline']

entities_list: @entity2890 :: ('MESH:D014031', 'Chemical') :: ['tobramycin']

entities_list: @entity3273 :: ('MESH:D003091', 'Chemical') :: ['colistin']

entities_list: @entity3064 :: ('470', 'Species') :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']

entities_list: @entity9001 :: ('MESH:C119092', 'Chemical') :: ['tigecycline']

entities_list: @entity19650 :: ('MESH:D000151', 'Disease') :: ['severe MDR-AB infections']

answer: @entity3064 :: (470,Species) :: ['Acinetobacter baumannii']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) are a promising source of autologous stem cells for regeneration and repair of damaged tissue. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic potential of ADRC sheets created by a magnetite tissue engineering technology (Mag-TE) for @entity583 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Adipose tissue was obtained from @entity164 ( @entity164 ) @entity19 and ADRCs were isolated. ADRCs incubated with magnetic nanoparticle-containing liposomes (MCLs) were cultured. MCL-labeled ADRCs were mixed with a diluted extracellular matrix (ECM) precursor, and a magnet was placed on the reverse side. Magnetized ADRCs formed multilayered cell sheets after a 24-h incubation. @entity164 @entity19 were subjected to @entity583 by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery. We then transplanted the constructed ADRC sheet or a cell-free collagen gel sheet, as a control, onto the infarcted myocardium using an Alnico magnet before skin closure. Cardiac parameters were measured by echocardiogram, and angiogenesis was determined by tissue capillary density. ADRC sheet-treated @entity19 showed significant improvements in systolic function, @entity1188 wall thinning, and @entity3656 after @entity583 . ADRC sheet implantation also promoted angiogenesis in both the @entity1188 area and the border zone in @entity164 @entity19 after @entity583 . The angiogenic effects of ADRC sheets were attributed to an increased expression of @entity1611 and @entity10245 mRNA in @entity63 hearts. CONCLUSIONS: ADRC sheets created by this Mag-TE method protect the heart against @entity299 . Our ADRC sheets have the potential to be a novel regenerative strategy for @entity741 .

title: Multilayered adipose-derived regenerative cell sheets created by a novel magnetite tissue engineering method for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic length']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['pathological cardiac remodeling']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were: (1) to assess the feasibility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for detecting @entity2295 ; and (2) to clarify the impact of @entity2295 on coronary vessel behavior over time. BACKGROUND: Plaque @entity2295 may be related to plaque vulnerability. METHODS: In an ex vivo study, a total of 55 coronary plaques from 31 @entity1 cadavers were examined by OCT. Plaque @entity2295 was diagnosed based on the presence or absence of microchannels (MCs) by OCT. In an in vivo study, we explored 83 major coronary arteries from 42 @entity1 with @entity951 . A total of 56 coronary plaques were selected from non-culprit (non-stented) lesions with plaque burden >40% by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). These plaques were classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of MC by OCT. RESULTS: In the ex vivo study, the sensitivity and specificity of OCT to detect @entity2295 were 52% and 68%, respectively. In the in vivo study, MC was detected in 25 plaques (44.6%). High-density lipoprotein @entity165 was significantly lower in the MC group vs the non-MC group (42.7    7.8 mg/dL vs 51.6    14.4 mg/dL; P=.02). Percent change in lumen volume index (VI) in the MC group was significantly greater vs the non-MC group (P=.01). Percent change in lumen VI correlated significantly with percent change in external elastic membrane VI (P=.01). CONCLUSIONS: OCT was feasible for detecting @entity2295 of coronary plaques. Serial OCT examinations revealed that coronary plaques with @entity2295 showed greater luminal narrowing as a result of inadequate adaptive vessel remodeling.

title: Detection of Plaque Neovascularization by Optical Coherence Tomography: Ex Vivo Feasibility Study and In Vivo Observation in @entity1 With XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['plaque neovascularization', 'neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['Angina Pectoris']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were: (1) to assess the feasibility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for detecting @entity2295 ; and (2) to clarify the impact of @entity2295 on coronary vessel behavior over time. BACKGROUND: Plaque @entity2295 may be related to plaque vulnerability. METHODS: In an ex vivo study, a total of 55 coronary plaques from 31 @entity1 cadavers were examined by OCT. Plaque @entity2295 was diagnosed based on the presence or absence of microchannels (MCs) by OCT. In an in vivo study, we explored 83 major coronary arteries from 42 @entity1 with @entity951 . A total of 56 coronary plaques were selected from non-culprit (non-stented) lesions with plaque burden >40% by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). These plaques were classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of MC by OCT. RESULTS: In the ex vivo study, the sensitivity and specificity of OCT to detect @entity2295 were 52% and 68%, respectively. In the in vivo study, MC was detected in 25 plaques (44.6%). High-density lipoprotein @entity165 was significantly lower in the MC group vs the non-MC group (42.7    7.8 mg/dL vs 51.6    14.4 mg/dL; P=.02). Percent change in lumen volume index (VI) in the MC group was significantly greater vs the non-MC group (P=.01). Percent change in lumen VI correlated significantly with percent change in external elastic membrane VI (P=.01). CONCLUSIONS: OCT was feasible for detecting @entity2295 of coronary plaques. Serial OCT examinations revealed that coronary plaques with @entity2295 showed greater luminal narrowing as a result of inadequate adaptive vessel remodeling.

title: Detection of Plaque Neovascularization by Optical Coherence Tomography: Ex Vivo Feasibility Study and In Vivo Observation in XXXX With @entity951 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The association between biochemical markers and left ventricular ejection fraction in @entity1 with @entity583 was not completely studied. Our goal is to study the association between biochemical markers and @entity1002 in @entity1 with ST-elevation acute @entity583 . METHODS: With an observational and prospective design we included @entity1 with less than 24h ST-elevation @entity583 . Leukocytes, @entity413 , B-type natriuretic peptide and T troponin were measured at admission, and @entity908 -phosphokinase and @entity908 -phosphokinase-MB were measured at admission and serially, and correlated with the ejection fraction estimated by echocardiography. RESULTS: A total of 108 @entity1 were included. The median left ventricular ejection fraction was 48% (interquartile range 41-57). Simple linear regression analysis showed that B-type natriuretic peptide (P=.005), peak @entity908 -phosphokinase-MB (P=.01), leukocyte count (P=.001) and @entity413 (P=.033) were inversely and significantly associated with the left ventricular ejection fraction. The other parameters showed no association. B-type natriuretic peptide (P=.01) and peak @entity908 -phosphokinase-MB (P=.02) were the only two variables significantly associated with the left ventricular ejection fraction in the multiple linear regression analysis. Both markers were significantly associated with a left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, independently of other clinical variables. CONCLUSION: B-type natriuretic peptide and peak @entity908 -phosphokinase-MB showed significant association with left ventricular ejection fraction in the acute phase of ST elevation acute @entity583 . This association was independent of the presence of other biochemical markers and clinical variables related to @entity67 .

title: [Association between biochemical markers and XXXX in the ST-elevation acute @entity583 .]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The association between biochemical markers and left ventricular ejection fraction in @entity1 with @entity583 was not completely studied. Our goal is to study the association between biochemical markers and @entity1002 in @entity1 with ST-elevation acute @entity583 . METHODS: With an observational and prospective design we included @entity1 with less than 24h ST-elevation @entity583 . Leukocytes, @entity413 , B-type natriuretic peptide and T troponin were measured at admission, and @entity908 -phosphokinase and @entity908 -phosphokinase-MB were measured at admission and serially, and correlated with the ejection fraction estimated by echocardiography. RESULTS: A total of 108 @entity1 were included. The median left ventricular ejection fraction was 48% (interquartile range 41-57). Simple linear regression analysis showed that B-type natriuretic peptide (P=.005), peak @entity908 -phosphokinase-MB (P=.01), leukocyte count (P=.001) and @entity413 (P=.033) were inversely and significantly associated with the left ventricular ejection fraction. The other parameters showed no association. B-type natriuretic peptide (P=.01) and peak @entity908 -phosphokinase-MB (P=.02) were the only two variables significantly associated with the left ventricular ejection fraction in the multiple linear regression analysis. Both markers were significantly associated with a left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, independently of other clinical variables. CONCLUSION: B-type natriuretic peptide and peak @entity908 -phosphokinase-MB showed significant association with left ventricular ejection fraction in the acute phase of ST elevation acute @entity583 . This association was independent of the presence of other biochemical markers and clinical variables related to @entity67 .

title: [Association between biochemical markers and @entity1002 in the ST-elevation acute XXXX .]

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1170 ( @entity1170 ) provides prompt airway control during emergency evacuation of @entity130 @entity1 . Physicians may be tasked to travel with paramedic ambulance crews to the scene of injury when @entity1170 is more likely to be required. This study investigates whether there are any differences in the practice of @entity1170 during emergency retrievals for @entity130 since the establishment of the regional @entity130 Network (MTN) in March 2012. METHODS: A retrospective observational study examined prehospital records for all @entity130 @entity1 from September 2010 to January 2015 at a @entity130 Centre in Birmingham, UK. Prehospital physician availability increased from 12 to 24   h after March 2012, and tasking became centralized. Data included demographics, mechanism of injury, crew personnel, and details of @entity1170 . The periods before and after the establishment of the regional MTN were compared. RESULTS: There were 5244 @entity1 : 1432 (27.3%) before and 3812 (72.7%) after March 2012. Of the @entity1 , 67.2% were male. The most common injuries were road traffic collisions (45.0%). Physicians were more likely to be present after (2345 missions, 61.5%) than before (529 missions, 36.9%) March 2012 (P<0.01). @entity1170 was performed 434 (8.3%) times and was more likely during the latter than the former period [359 (9.4%) vs. 75 (5.2%), P<0.01]. Successful tracheal intubation was achieved in 99% of occasions. CONCLUSION: The establishment of regional MTNs enables centrally tasked, 24-h physician availability for emergency @entity130 @entity1 . There has been an increase in physician presence on emergency missions and increased frequency of @entity1170 for at-risk @entity130 @entity1 at times when there may previously have been an unmet requirement.

title: Prehospital rapid sequence induction following XXXX in the era of regional networks for major @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Major Trauma', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity1170 :: ('MESH:C564983', 'Disease') :: ['Rapid sequence induction', 'prehospital RSI', 'RSI']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1170 ( @entity1170 ) provides prompt airway control during emergency evacuation of @entity130 @entity1 . Physicians may be tasked to travel with paramedic ambulance crews to the scene of injury when @entity1170 is more likely to be required. This study investigates whether there are any differences in the practice of @entity1170 during emergency retrievals for @entity130 since the establishment of the regional @entity130 Network (MTN) in March 2012. METHODS: A retrospective observational study examined prehospital records for all @entity130 @entity1 from September 2010 to January 2015 at a @entity130 Centre in Birmingham, UK. Prehospital physician availability increased from 12 to 24   h after March 2012, and tasking became centralized. Data included demographics, mechanism of injury, crew personnel, and details of @entity1170 . The periods before and after the establishment of the regional MTN were compared. RESULTS: There were 5244 @entity1 : 1432 (27.3%) before and 3812 (72.7%) after March 2012. Of the @entity1 , 67.2% were male. The most common injuries were road traffic collisions (45.0%). Physicians were more likely to be present after (2345 missions, 61.5%) than before (529 missions, 36.9%) March 2012 (P<0.01). @entity1170 was performed 434 (8.3%) times and was more likely during the latter than the former period [359 (9.4%) vs. 75 (5.2%), P<0.01]. Successful tracheal intubation was achieved in 99% of occasions. CONCLUSION: The establishment of regional MTNs enables centrally tasked, 24-h physician availability for emergency @entity130 @entity1 . There has been an increase in physician presence on emergency missions and increased frequency of @entity1170 for at-risk @entity130 @entity1 at times when there may previously have been an unmet requirement.

title: Prehospital rapid sequence induction following @entity130 in the era of regional networks for major XXXX .

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Currently, the only potential curative therapy for @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ) is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). As alloSCT confers both a short-term mortality risk compared with conservative management, and a longer-term risk of chronic health burden from @entity2132 , careful @entity1 selection for alloSCT is essential. Here, we review data on disease burden and transplant outcomes in @entity2590 , describing which @entity1 stand to benefit most (and least) from alloSCT. Evidence for timing of alloSCT and modifying @entity5 burden prior to transplant is also discussed. RECENT FINDINGS: Although @entity1 who undergo alloSCT with excess blasts have poorer outcomes than those transplanted with fewer blasts, the effect of clone size in @entity1 with @entity2590 without increased blast proportion is poorly studied, and it is also not yet known whether posttransplant outcomes can be modified with pretransplant therapy such as intensive induction chemotherapy or hypomethylating agent treatment. Randomized data are lacking. Most hematopoietic cells in @entity1 with @entity2590 are clonal, even in cases without increased marrow blast proportion. Certain high-risk point mutations such as @entity876 seem to be associated with a worse outcome even when subclonal. SUMMARY: @entity1 with more than 10% blasts should be considered for cytoreductive therapy before transplant, especially if reduced intensity conditioning (alloSCT) is planned. @entity1 with less than 10% blasts who are appropriate candidates for transplant can proceed straight to transplant, though it appears better to delay transplant for those with lower-risk disease. Hypomethylating agent therapy may be useful as a bridge to transplant. Randomized data are eagerly awaited.

title: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation in XXXX : does pretransplant clonal burden matter?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndromes', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-versus-host disease and other complications']

answer: @entity2590 :: (MESH:D009190,Disease) :: ['myelodysplastic syndromes']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity101 emergency usually appears in older @entity1 with previous recurrent episodes, and is among the most frequent admissions to emergency departments. A 29-year-old @entity1 was referred to our clinic with the diagnosis of @entity101 emergency. The @entity1 complained of severe @entity10 , @entity1353 , palpitation, diaphoresis, and @entity911 due to @entity101 @entity75 . Her blood pressure was 250/150 mmHg on admission. At the referral hospital, the @entity1 had undergone cranial CT because of her confused state and this excluded @entity1779 . Also at that hospital, thoracoabdominal CT for differential diagnosis depicted an @entity774 with a @entity39 core. After admission to our clinic, initial control of excessive blood pressure was not achieved despite high dose intravenous @entity1507 therapy. Thereafter intravenous @entity7368 treatment was initiated simultaneously with oral alpha blocker therapy in order to counterbalance the unopposed alpha adrenergic activity with beta blocker therapy. After 12 hours, sudden onset of @entity551 developed and deepened despite IV saline, inotropic and vasopressor agents such as IV @entity935 , @entity1063 and @entity1425 . The @entity1 died at the 24th hour due to hemodynamic collapse as a result of hyperadrenergic state due to possible @entity1911 . This case is an exceptional example of @entity101 emergency secondary to fulminant @entity1911 failing to respond to intensive antihypertensive treatment, and in which @entity1 death was unavoidable due to uncontrolled excessive adrenergic activity which led to profound @entity1455 .

title: XXXX emergency due to @entity1911 complicated with refractory hemodynamic collapse.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertensive', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity1911 :: ('MESH:D010673', 'Disease') :: ['pheochromocytoma crisis']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['acute cerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal mass']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['Hypertensive']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity101 emergency usually appears in older @entity1 with previous recurrent episodes, and is among the most frequent admissions to emergency departments. A 29-year-old @entity1 was referred to our clinic with the diagnosis of @entity101 emergency. The @entity1 complained of severe @entity10 , @entity1353 , palpitation, diaphoresis, and @entity911 due to @entity101 @entity75 . Her blood pressure was 250/150 mmHg on admission. At the referral hospital, the @entity1 had undergone cranial CT because of her confused state and this excluded @entity1779 . Also at that hospital, thoracoabdominal CT for differential diagnosis depicted an @entity774 with a @entity39 core. After admission to our clinic, initial control of excessive blood pressure was not achieved despite high dose intravenous @entity1507 therapy. Thereafter intravenous @entity7368 treatment was initiated simultaneously with oral alpha blocker therapy in order to counterbalance the unopposed alpha adrenergic activity with beta blocker therapy. After 12 hours, sudden onset of @entity551 developed and deepened despite IV saline, inotropic and vasopressor agents such as IV @entity935 , @entity1063 and @entity1425 . The @entity1 died at the 24th hour due to hemodynamic collapse as a result of hyperadrenergic state due to possible @entity1911 . This case is an exceptional example of @entity101 emergency secondary to fulminant @entity1911 failing to respond to intensive antihypertensive treatment, and in which @entity1 death was unavoidable due to uncontrolled excessive adrenergic activity which led to profound @entity1455 .

title: @entity101 emergency due to XXXX complicated with refractory hemodynamic collapse.

answer: @entity1911 :: (MESH:D010673,Disease) :: ['pheochromocytoma crisis']


abstract: @entity263 is the commonest @entity5 in @entity1 that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Screening by digital rectal examination (DRE) and serum @entity1486 (PSA) is used despite its limitations. Gray-scale transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), used to guide multiple random prostatic biopsies, misses up to 20% @entity5 and frequently underestimates the grade of @entity5 . Increasing the number of biopsy cores marginally increases the yield. Evolving techniques of real-time ultrasound elastography (RTE) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) are being investigated to better detect and improve the yield by allowing "targeted" biopsies. Last decade has witnessed rapid developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for improved management of @entity263 . In addition to the anatomical information, it is capable of providing functional information through diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. Multi-parametric MRI has the potential to exclude a significant @entity5 in majority of cases. Inclusion of MRI before prostatic biopsy can reduce the invasiveness of the procedure by limiting the number of cores needed to make a diagnosis and support watchful waiting in others. It is made possible by targeted biopsies as opposed to random. With the availability of minimally invasive therapeutic modalities like high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and interstitial laser therapy, detecting @entity5 is even more relevant today. @entity419 positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)FDG PET/CT) has no role in the initial evaluation of @entity263 . Choline PET has been recently found to be more useful. @entity1388 -PET has a higher sensitivity and resolution than a conventional radionuclide bone scan in detecting skeletal metastases.

title: Imaging and intervention in XXXX : Current perspectives and future trends.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'Prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['[18F]--fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'early cancer', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluoride']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity14204 ( @entity14204 ) is characterized by rapidly progressive @entity2414 , @entity146 symptoms and @entity410 . We describe the clinical spectrum, underlying etiology and long-term follow-up of @entity1 with @entity14204 from India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study included @entity1 during the period of January 2009 and December 2011 with the clinical features consistent with @entity14204 with one or more of the following: (1) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of temporal lobe involvement; (2) cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory abnormalities, or (3) detection of antineuronal antibodies. Patients with @entity3 , infection, metabolic and nutritional deficits, @entity64 , were excluded. RESULTS: There were 16 @entity1 (9 females), mean age of presentation was 36.6 years (range 15-69 years). The mean duration of symptoms before presentation was 11 months (range 5 days-2 years). The most common symptom at presentation was @entity73 in 7 @entity1 followed by @entity410 in 5 and behavioral changes in three. Nine @entity1 had @entity410 , 11 had change in behavior, language involvement in eight, cerebellar features in 3 and @entity5433 in two. Four @entity1 had associated @entity5 , 3 of four presented with neurological symptoms and on investigations found to be have @entity5 . Antineuronal antibody testing was done in 6 of 12 non @entity8231 and two @entity8231 @entity1 , one positive for @entity1024 and one for anti-Hu antibody. MRI brain showed typical fluid attenuated inversion recovery or T2 bilateral temporal lobe hyperintensities in 50% of @entity1 . At a mean follow-up of 21 months (3-36 months), 10 @entity1 improved, 4 @entity1 remained same and two @entity1 expired. CONCLUSION: Early recognition of @entity14204 is important based upon clinical, MRI data in the absence of antineuronal surface antibody screen in developing nations. Early institution of immunotherapy will help in improvement in outcome of these @entity1 in long-term.

title: XXXX : Clinical spectrum and long-term outcome from a developing country perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['short-term memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity8231 :: ('MESH:D010257', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['short-term memory loss']

entities_list: @entity14204 :: ('MESH:D020363', 'Disease') :: ['Limbic encephalitis', 'LE']

answer: @entity14204 :: (MESH:D020363,Disease) :: ['Limbic encephalitis']


abstract: AIM: To follow up @entity1 with @entity1689 ( @entity1689 ) to assess their outcome and identify an optimal surveillance interval. METHODS: Data obtained prospectively were analyzed in a retrospective manner. @entity1 with clinical evidence of chronic @entity788 ( @entity490 in the epigastrium, @entity6123 , and @entity6 ), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) criteria > 4, and EUS-fine needle aspiration (FNA) were included. A @entity6437 was defined as a non-neoplastic space-occupying lesion, a cause of chronic @entity788 that may mimic changes typical of @entity788 on CT or endoscopic ultrasound but without histological evidence. A real @entity5 was defined as a neoplastic space-occupying lesion because of @entity788 confirmed by histology. RESULTS: Thirty-five @entity1 with chronic @entity788 were included, 26 (74.2%) of whom were @entity1 . Nine (25.7%) @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity1689 and two (2/35; 5.7%) @entity1 with @entity1689 were diagnosed with @entity788 on follow-up. The time between the diagnosis of @entity1689 and @entity788 was 35 and 30 d in the two @entity1 . Definitive diagnosis of @entity788 was made by surgery. In the remaining six @entity1 with @entity1689 , the median of follow-up was 11 mo (range 1-22 mo) and they showed no evidence of @entity5 on surveillance. In the follow-up of @entity1 without @entity1689 but with chronic @entity788 , none were diagnosed with @entity788 . According to our data, older @entity1 with chronic @entity788 are at risk of @entity1689 . CONCLUSION: According to characteristics of @entity1 , detection of @entity1689 should lead a surveillance program for @entity788 with EUS-FNA in < 1 mo or directly to surgical resection.

title: Follow-up of @entity1 with XXXX : outcome and surveillance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity6437 :: ('MESH:D006104', 'Disease') :: ['pseudotumor']

entities_list: @entity6123 :: ('MESH:D045602', 'Disease') :: ['steatorrhea']

entities_list: @entity1689 :: ('MESH:D050500', 'Disease') :: ['pseudotumoral chronic pancreatitis', 'PCP']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity1689 :: (MESH:D050500,Disease) :: ['pseudotumoral chronic pancreatitis']


abstract: AIM: To follow up @entity1 with @entity1689 ( @entity1689 ) to assess their outcome and identify an optimal surveillance interval. METHODS: Data obtained prospectively were analyzed in a retrospective manner. @entity1 with clinical evidence of chronic @entity788 ( @entity490 in the epigastrium, @entity6123 , and @entity6 ), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) criteria > 4, and EUS-fine needle aspiration (FNA) were included. A @entity6437 was defined as a non-neoplastic space-occupying lesion, a cause of chronic @entity788 that may mimic changes typical of @entity788 on CT or endoscopic ultrasound but without histological evidence. A real @entity5 was defined as a neoplastic space-occupying lesion because of @entity788 confirmed by histology. RESULTS: Thirty-five @entity1 with chronic @entity788 were included, 26 (74.2%) of whom were @entity1 . Nine (25.7%) @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity1689 and two (2/35; 5.7%) @entity1 with @entity1689 were diagnosed with @entity788 on follow-up. The time between the diagnosis of @entity1689 and @entity788 was 35 and 30 d in the two @entity1 . Definitive diagnosis of @entity788 was made by surgery. In the remaining six @entity1 with @entity1689 , the median of follow-up was 11 mo (range 1-22 mo) and they showed no evidence of @entity5 on surveillance. In the follow-up of @entity1 without @entity1689 but with chronic @entity788 , none were diagnosed with @entity788 . According to our data, older @entity1 with chronic @entity788 are at risk of @entity1689 . CONCLUSION: According to characteristics of @entity1 , detection of @entity1689 should lead a surveillance program for @entity788 with EUS-FNA in < 1 mo or directly to surgical resection.

title: Follow-up of XXXX with @entity1689 : outcome and surveillance.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the proportion of @entity281 caused by extended-spectrum   -lactamase ( @entity25323 )-producing @entity4005 or @entity526 Gram-negative organisms in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and to identify risk factors for these @entity281 . METHODS: A retrospective, single-center chart review of @entity1 admitted to a PICU in a 5-year period with @entity281 caused by @entity4005 species or @entity526 was completed. Data collected include demographics, length of stay, outcome, and relevant risk factors previously defined in the literature. RESULTS: A total of 110 isolates were cultured from 94 @entity1 . A total of 53% of the isolates were @entity526 , and the remainder were @entity4005 subspecies. Of the 110 isolates, 13 isolates (11.8%) in 7 @entity1 were @entity25323 positive. The @entity25323 -producing isolates were equally distributed amongE coli and @entity4005 and were primarily cultured from tracheal aspirates. Most of the @entity25323 -positive isolates (9 of 13; 69%) were cultured from @entity1 who received @entity5505 and/or @entity3524 in the preceding 30 days. @entity1 infected with @entity526 had higher PRISM 1 scores and were more likely to have a Foley catheter, whereas @entity4005 were more common in mechanically ventilated males. Although not statistically significant, 80% of @entity1 who were infected with non- @entity25323 -producing organisms survived to hospital discharge versus 57% of those infected with @entity25323 -producing @entity526 and @entity4005 . CONCLUSIONS: Almost 12% of @entity526 and @entity4005 isolates in this @entity1 population tested positive for @entity25323 production. @entity25323 production was equally distributed between @entity526 and @entity4005 species. These organisms were cultured from 7% of the study @entity1 . As reported in previous studies, @entity1 infected with @entity25323 -producing organisms most often had received prior cephalosporins and had a longer length of stay in the PICU.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX due to extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in a pediatric intensive care unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella', 'infections with Klebsiella']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E coli']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To confirm the improvement in arterial endothelial function by aerobic exercise training, @entity384 ( @entity384 ) was tested by ultrasonography. METHODS: @entity1 who received percutaneous coronary intervention due to @entity1187 were included. The @entity1 who participated in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program were categorized as the CR group, and others who did not participate as the control. Both groups underwent initial graded exercise test (GXT) and @entity384 testing. Subsequently, the CR group performed aerobic exercise training sessions. @entity1 in control only received advice regarding the exercise methods. After six weeks, both groups received follow-up GXT and @entity384 testing. RESULTS: There were 16 @entity1 in each group. There were no significant differences in the general characteristics between the groups. The VO2peak was 28.6  4.7 mL/kg/min in the CR group and 31.5  7.4 mL/kg/min in the control at first GXT, and was 31.1  5.1 ml/kg/min in the CR group and 31.4  6.0 ml/kg/min in the control at the follow-up GXT in six weeks. There was a statistically significant improvement in VO2peak only for CR group @entity1 . @entity384 value was 7.59%  1.26% in the CR group, 7.36%  1.48% in the control at first and 9.46%  1.82% in the CR group, and 8.31%  2.04% in the control after six weeks. There was a statistically significant improvement in @entity384 value in the CR group. CONCLUSION: According to the results of GXT and @entity384 testing, six-week exercise-based CR program improved VO2peak and endothelial functions significantly. Thus, exercise-based CR program is necessary in @entity1 with @entity453 .

title: Impact of aerobic exercise training on endothelial function in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['flow-mediated dilation', 'FMD']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible growth arrest that can be triggered by multiple mechanisms, including telomere @entity3207 , the epigenetic derepression of the @entity986 locus and DNA damage. Senescence has been considered a @entity5  -suppressing mechanism that permanently arrests cells at risk for malignant transformation. However, accumulating evidence shows that senescent cells have deleterious effects on the tissue microenvironment. Some of these effects could be attributed to the senescence  -associated secretory phenotype that has the ability to promote @entity5 progression. However, secreted proteins from senescent @entity5 cells and their effects on the @entity5 microenvironment due to ionizing radiation (IR) exposure have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, we analyzed cytokines secreted from IR  -induced senescent MCF7 cells by using cytokine microarrays and confirmed by western blot analysis that increased secretion of @entity2159 ( @entity2159 ), @entity34830  ( @entity34830 ) and @entity2204 ( @entity2204 ) occurs in these cells. Invasive, migratory and wound  -healing activities were observed in MDA  -MB  -231 and MCF  -10A cells following treatment with recombinant @entity1 @entity2159 , @entity34830 and @entity2204 proteins. Additionally, tube  -formation activity was assessed in @entity2159  -, @entity34830  - and @entity2204  -treated @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that @entity2159 , @entity34830 and @entity2204 affected cell motility and tube  -formation activity. Since @entity2159 markedly affected cell motility, we examined the effect of senescent conditioned media containing neutralizing @entity2159 antibodies on @entity4222 and wound  -healing activity. Our results demonstrated that IR  -induced senescent @entity5 cells influence the @entity5 microenvironment by increasing the production of cytokines, such as @entity2159 , @entity34830 and @entity2204 . Furthermore, these data suggest that @entity2159 is likely a promising target capable of reducing the deleterious effects on the @entity5 microenvironment during radiation therapy.

title: Identification of novel therapeutic targets in the secretome of ionizing radiation  -induced senescent XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['ApoE3', 'apolipoprotein  E3']

entities_list: @entity4222 :: ('MESH:D014085', 'Disease') :: ['migration']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity2159 :: ('4982', 'Gene') :: ['osteoprotegerin', 'OPG']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: @entity63 and @entity548 are associated with bevacizumab, an inhibitor of @entity7 that is widely used to treat many types of @entity5 . As specific types of @entity63 and @entity548 , cerebrovascular events such as central nervous system (CNS) @entity63 events and CNS @entity548 are serious adverse events. However, increased cerebrovascular events have not been uniformly reported by previous studies. New randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been reported in recent years and we therefore conducted an up-to-date meta-analysis of RCTs to fully characterize the risk of cerebrovascular events with bevacizumab. We searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and the American Society of Clinical Oncology conferences to identify relevant clinical trials up to February 2014. Eligible studies included prospective RCTs that directly compared @entity1 with @entity5 treated with and without bevacizumab. A total of 12,917 @entity1 from 17 RCTs were included in our analysis. @entity1 treated with bevacizumab had a significantly increased risk of cerebrovascular events compared with @entity1 treated with control medication, with a relative risk of 3.28 (95% CI, 1.97-5.48). The risks of CNS @entity63 events and CNS @entity548 were increased compared with control, with RRs of 3.22 (95% CI, 1.71-6.07) and 3.09 (95% CI, 1.36-6.99), respectively. Risk varied with the bevacizumab dose, with RRs of 3.97 (95% CI, 2.15-7.36) and 1.96 (95% CI, 0.76-5.06) at 5 and 2.5 mg/kg/week, respectively. Higher risks were observed in @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 (RR, 6.42; 95% CI, 1.76-35.57), and no significant risk was observed in other types of @entity5 . In conclusion, the addition of bevacizumab significantly increased the risk of cerebrovascular events compared with controls, including CNS @entity63 events and CNS @entity548 . The risk may vary with bevacizumab dose and @entity5 type.

title: Increased risk of cerebrovascular events in @entity1 with XXXX treated with bevacizumab: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Arterial ischemia', 'ischemic', 'arterial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: @entity63 and @entity548 are associated with bevacizumab, an inhibitor of @entity7 that is widely used to treat many types of @entity5 . As specific types of @entity63 and @entity548 , cerebrovascular events such as central nervous system (CNS) @entity63 events and CNS @entity548 are serious adverse events. However, increased cerebrovascular events have not been uniformly reported by previous studies. New randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been reported in recent years and we therefore conducted an up-to-date meta-analysis of RCTs to fully characterize the risk of cerebrovascular events with bevacizumab. We searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and the American Society of Clinical Oncology conferences to identify relevant clinical trials up to February 2014. Eligible studies included prospective RCTs that directly compared @entity1 with @entity5 treated with and without bevacizumab. A total of 12,917 @entity1 from 17 RCTs were included in our analysis. @entity1 treated with bevacizumab had a significantly increased risk of cerebrovascular events compared with @entity1 treated with control medication, with a relative risk of 3.28 (95% CI, 1.97-5.48). The risks of CNS @entity63 events and CNS @entity548 were increased compared with control, with RRs of 3.22 (95% CI, 1.71-6.07) and 3.09 (95% CI, 1.36-6.99), respectively. Risk varied with the bevacizumab dose, with RRs of 3.97 (95% CI, 2.15-7.36) and 1.96 (95% CI, 0.76-5.06) at 5 and 2.5 mg/kg/week, respectively. Higher risks were observed in @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 (RR, 6.42; 95% CI, 1.76-35.57), and no significant risk was observed in other types of @entity5 . In conclusion, the addition of bevacizumab significantly increased the risk of cerebrovascular events compared with controls, including CNS @entity63 events and CNS @entity548 . The risk may vary with bevacizumab dose and @entity5 type.

title: Increased risk of cerebrovascular events in XXXX with @entity5 treated with bevacizumab: a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ultrasound has been utilized in the evaluation of compressive and traumatic peripheral nerve pathology. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether US can provide comprehensive evaluation of the post-ganglionic brachial plexus in the setting of neonatal @entity5300 and whether this information can be used to guide preoperative nerve reconstruction strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, preoperative brachial plexus ultrasonography was performed in 52 @entity1 with neonatal @entity5300 who were being considered for surgery. The 33 @entity1 who had surgery compose the @entity1 cohort. The presence and location of post-ganglionic @entity2950 were evaluated by US and compared to the surgical findings. US evaluation of shoulder @entity2057 was conducted as an indirect way to assess the integrity of nerves. Finally, we correlated glenohumeral joint laxity to surgical and clinical management. RESULTS: Ultrasound correctly identified 21 of 25 cases of upper trunk and middle trunk @entity2950 involvement (84% sensitivity for each). It was 68% sensitive and 40% specific in detection of lower trunk involvement. US identified shoulder @entity2057 in 11 of 21 @entity1 evaluated; 8 of these 11 went on to nerve transfer procedures based upon the imaging findings. US identified 3 cases of shoulder joint laxity of the 13 @entity1 evaluated. @entity5953 cases were referred for orthopedic evaluation, with 1 @entity1 undergoing shoulder surgery and another requiring casting. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound can provide useful preoperative evaluation of the post-ganglionic brachial plexus in @entity1 with neonatal @entity5300 .

title: Utility of ultrasound in noninvasive preoperative workup of neonatal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity5300 :: ('MESH:D020516', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus palsy']

entities_list: @entity2950 :: ('MESH:D009463', 'Disease') :: ['neuroma', 'neuromas']

answer: @entity5300 :: (MESH:D020516,Disease) :: ['brachial plexus palsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 compliance is critical for successful allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Previous studies suggest that AIT compliance is worse outside of controlled clinical trials, with reported @entity9285 ( @entity9285 ) and @entity13366 ( @entity13366 ) noncompliance at 11% to 50% and 3% to 25%, respectively. METHODS: A retrospective review of 384 AIT @entity1 at a single, tertiary care otolaryngic allergy practice evaluated @entity9285 and @entity13366 compliance, based on treatment stage. @entity9285 compliance was defined as the number of 2-week breaks per year or in compliance with their defined schedule: excellent = 2 or fewer; good = 3 to 4; fair = 5 to 6; and poor = 7 or more. Compliance with @entity13366 was defined as the number of days vials were refilled within the defined expiration date: excellent = 10 days or fewer; good = 11 to 15 days, fair = 16 to 20 days; and poor = 25 or more days. Fisher exact and chi square tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Seventy-four @entity9285 and 200 @entity13366 @entity1 had data appropriate for analysis. Compliance rates were excellent (62%) or good (22%) in 62 @entity9285 @entity1 and excellent (31%) or good (35%) in 131 @entity13366 @entity1 . Comparing excellent compliance rates, @entity9285 @entity1 had a higher rate of excellent compliance at all stages of treatment compared to @entity13366 @entity1 (p < 0.05). For @entity9285 @entity1 there was no significant difference in excellent compliance rates between escalation, first year of maintenance, and greater than 1 year of maintenance (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed higher rates of @entity1 adherence to treatment protocols among @entity9285 @entity1 . There was no decrease in @entity9285 compliance rates across treatment stages.

title: Immunotherapy compliance: comparison of subcutaneous versus XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity13366 :: ('MESH:D013362', 'Disease') :: ['SLIT', 'sublingual immunotherapy']

entities_list: @entity9285 :: ('MESH:D013352', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous immunotherapy', 'SCIT']

answer: @entity13366 :: (MESH:D013362,Disease) :: ['sublingual immunotherapy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is a key event in the development of @entity101 , instant @entity256 and other @entity299 . Inhibition of this proliferation could lead to better prevention and treatment of these diseases. This study was designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of different concentrations of @entity33563 (XN) on @entity1 umbilical artery smooth muscle cell (HUASMC) proliferation in vitro. HUASMCs were cultured by the tissue adherent method, passaged three times, and then identified by immunohistochemistry. HUASMCs were then treated with different concentrations of XN (0, 2.76, 27.6 or 276    M), and a @entity2454 ( @entity98 ) assay was used to detect the inhibition of HUASMC proliferation. The levels of @entity3820 ( @entity3820 ) mRNA and protein ( @entity3820 -b) were detected on the cell membrane of these treated HUASMCs using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. After culturing and passaging three times, 90  % of the cultured cells were identified as HUASMCs by immunohistochemistry. HUASMC proliferation was inhibited by XN in a dose-dependent manner (P  <  0.05). Furthermore, XN dose-dependently decreased the @entity3820 mRNA and @entity3820 levels on the cell membranes of HUASMCs (P  <  0.05). Thus, the results suggest that XN could become a potent therapeutic agent for regulating VSMC-associated @entity455 such as @entity65 and @entity256 after angioplasty.

title: Inhibited proliferation of @entity1 umbilical artery smooth muscle cells by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity33563 :: ('MESH:D014971', 'Chemical') :: ['xanthinol nicotinate']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity3820 :: ('5159', 'Gene') :: ['platelet-derived growth factor receptor', 'PDGFR', 'PDGFR-b']

entities_list: @entity2454 :: ('MESH:C022616', 'Chemical') :: ['3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disorders']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity33563 :: (MESH:D014971,Chemical) :: ['xanthinol nicotinate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is a key event in the development of @entity101 , instant @entity256 and other @entity299 . Inhibition of this proliferation could lead to better prevention and treatment of these diseases. This study was designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of different concentrations of @entity33563 (XN) on @entity1 umbilical artery smooth muscle cell (HUASMC) proliferation in vitro. HUASMCs were cultured by the tissue adherent method, passaged three times, and then identified by immunohistochemistry. HUASMCs were then treated with different concentrations of XN (0, 2.76, 27.6 or 276    M), and a @entity2454 ( @entity98 ) assay was used to detect the inhibition of HUASMC proliferation. The levels of @entity3820 ( @entity3820 ) mRNA and protein ( @entity3820 -b) were detected on the cell membrane of these treated HUASMCs using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. After culturing and passaging three times, 90  % of the cultured cells were identified as HUASMCs by immunohistochemistry. HUASMC proliferation was inhibited by XN in a dose-dependent manner (P  <  0.05). Furthermore, XN dose-dependently decreased the @entity3820 mRNA and @entity3820 levels on the cell membranes of HUASMCs (P  <  0.05). Thus, the results suggest that XN could become a potent therapeutic agent for regulating VSMC-associated @entity455 such as @entity65 and @entity256 after angioplasty.

title: Inhibited proliferation of XXXX umbilical artery smooth muscle cells by @entity33563 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Heterogeneity of endothelial cells (ECs) is a hallmark of the vascular system which may impact the development and management of @entity455 . Despite the tremendous progress in differentiation of @entity1 embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards endothelial lineage, differentiation into arterial and venous endothelial phenotypes remains elusive. Additionally, current differentiation strategies are hampered by inefficiency, lack of reproducibility, and use of animal-derived products. METHODS: To direct the differentiation of hESCs to endothelial subtypes, H1- and H9-hESCs were seeded on @entity1 plasma fibronectin and differentiated under chemically defined conditions by sequential modulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), @entity540 ( @entity540 ), @entity13062 ( @entity13062 ) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) signaling pathways for 5 days. Following the initial differentiation, the endothelial progenitor cells ( @entity2280 (+) @entity2279 (+) cells) were sorted and terminally differentiated under serum-free conditions to arterial and venous ECs. The transcriptome and secretome profiles of the two distinct populations of hESC-derived arterial and venous ECs were characterized. Furthermore, the safety and functionality of these cells upon in vivo transplantation were characterized. RESULTS: Sequential modulation of hESCs with GSK-3 inhibitor, @entity540 , @entity13062 and @entity7 resulted in stages reminiscent of primitive streak, early mesoderm/lateral plate mesoderm, and endothelial progenitors under feeder- and serum-free conditions. Furthermore, these endothelial progenitors demonstrated differentiation potential to almost pure populations of arterial and venous endothelial phenotypes under serum-free conditions. Specifically, the endothelial progenitors differentiated to venous ECs in the absence of @entity7 , and to arterial phenotype under low concentrations of @entity7 . Additionally, these hESC-derived arterial and venous ECs showed distinct molecular and functional profiles in vitro. Furthermore, these hESC-derived arterial and venous ECs were nontumorigenic and were functional in terms of forming perfused microvascular channels upon subcutaneous implantation in the @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: We report a simple, rapid, and efficient protocol for directed differentiation of hESCs into endothelial progenitor cells capable of differentiation to arterial and venous ECs under feeder-free and serum-free conditions. This could offer a @entity1 platform to study arterial-venous specification for various applications related to drug discovery, disease modeling and regenerative medicine in the future.

title: Efficient differentiation of XXXX embryonic stem cells to arterial and venous endothelial cells under feeder- and serum-free conditions.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disorders']

entities_list: @entity13062 :: ('652', 'Gene') :: ['bone morphogenetic protein 4', 'BMP4']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['bFGF', 'basic fibroblast growth factor']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is a paucity of literature reporting the outcome of @entity932 ( @entity932 ) in @entity1 , adolescents, and young adults (CAYA). A multimodal therapeutic approach is commonly used, with no well-established treatment consensus. We conducted a retrospective review of CAYA with @entity932 , treated at our institution, to determine their clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes. Immunohistochemistry ( @entity675 and @entity470 ) and DNA sequencing were performed on 5 @entity5 samples. A literature review of @entity932 was also conducted. We reviewed 13 @entity1 (median age, 7  years) with a primary diagnosis of @entity932 between 1990 and 2015. Diagnoses included unclassified @entity242 (n  =  9), @entity511 (n  =  2), and @entity980 (n  =  2). Five @entity1 underwent upfront gross total resection (GTR) of the @entity5 . The 5-drug regimen ( @entity1891 , @entity632 , @entity786 , @entity2879 , and @entity1260 ) was the most common treatment used. Nine @entity1 died due to progression or recurrence (n  =  8) or secondary malignancy (n  =  1). The median follow-up period of the 4 surviving @entity1 was 1.69  years (range 1.44-5.17  years). The 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 21 and 44  %, respectively. @entity817 , @entity876 , @entity984 , @entity2467 , @entity1722 , MET, @entity8958 , ATM, and @entity470 mutations were detected in 4 of the 5 tissue samples. All 5 samples were immunopositive for @entity675 , and only 2 were positive for @entity470 . @entity932 remain a therapeutic challenge due to high progression and recurrence rates. Collaborative multi-institutional studies are warranted to delineate a treatment consensus and investigate @entity5 biology to improve the disease outcome.

title: Primary XXXX in @entity1 , adolescents, and young adults: single institution experience and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial sarcomas', 'IS']

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['intracranial soft tissue sarcomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is a paucity of literature reporting the outcome of @entity932 ( @entity932 ) in @entity1 , adolescents, and young adults (CAYA). A multimodal therapeutic approach is commonly used, with no well-established treatment consensus. We conducted a retrospective review of CAYA with @entity932 , treated at our institution, to determine their clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes. Immunohistochemistry ( @entity675 and @entity470 ) and DNA sequencing were performed on 5 @entity5 samples. A literature review of @entity932 was also conducted. We reviewed 13 @entity1 (median age, 7  years) with a primary diagnosis of @entity932 between 1990 and 2015. Diagnoses included unclassified @entity242 (n  =  9), @entity511 (n  =  2), and @entity980 (n  =  2). Five @entity1 underwent upfront gross total resection (GTR) of the @entity5 . The 5-drug regimen ( @entity1891 , @entity632 , @entity786 , @entity2879 , and @entity1260 ) was the most common treatment used. Nine @entity1 died due to progression or recurrence (n  =  8) or secondary malignancy (n  =  1). The median follow-up period of the 4 surviving @entity1 was 1.69  years (range 1.44-5.17  years). The 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 21 and 44  %, respectively. @entity817 , @entity876 , @entity984 , @entity2467 , @entity1722 , MET, @entity8958 , ATM, and @entity470 mutations were detected in 4 of the 5 tissue samples. All 5 samples were immunopositive for @entity675 , and only 2 were positive for @entity470 . @entity932 remain a therapeutic challenge due to high progression and recurrence rates. Collaborative multi-institutional studies are warranted to delineate a treatment consensus and investigate @entity5 biology to improve the disease outcome.

title: Primary @entity242 in XXXX , adolescents, and young adults: single institution experience and review of the literature.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The fact that many chemotherapeutic drugs cause chemoresistance and side effects during the course of @entity14 treatment necessitates development of novel cytotoxic agents aiming to attenuate new molecular targets. Here, we show that Astragalus membranaceus (Fischer) Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao (AM), a traditional Chinese medicine, can inhibit @entity5 growth in vivo and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The antitumor effect of AM was assessed on the subcutaneous @entity5 of @entity1 @entity14 cell line HCT116 grafted into @entity19 . The @entity19 were treated with either water or 500 mg/kg AM once per day, before being sacrificed for extraction of @entity5 , which were then subjected to microarray expression profiling. The gene expression of the extraction was then profiled using microarray analysis. The identified genes differentially expressed between treated @entity19 and controls reveal that administration of AM suppresses chromosome organization, histone modification, and regulation of macromolecule metabolic process. A separate analysis focused on differentially expressed microRNAs revealing involvement of macromolecule metabolism, and intracellular transport, as well as several @entity5 signaling pathways. For validation, the input of the identified genes to The Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures led to many chemopreventive agents of natural origin that produce similar gene expression profiles to that of AM. The demonstrated effectiveness of AM suggests a potential therapeutic drug for @entity14 .

title: An in vivo molecular response analysis of XXXX treated with Astragalus membranaceus extract.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Approximately one-third of @entity26211 (LASV)-infected @entity1 develop @entity1274 ( @entity1274 ) in the late stages of @entity697 or in early convalescence. With 500,000 annual cases of @entity26210 ( @entity26210 ), LASV is a major cause of @entity393 in regions of West Africa where @entity26210 is endemic. To date, no animal models exist that depict the @entity1 pathology of @entity26210 with associated @entity393 . Here, we aimed to develop an animal model to study LASV-induced @entity393 using @entity1 isolates from a 2012 Sierra Leone outbreak. We have recently established a @entity19 model for @entity26210 that closely mimics many features of @entity1 disease. In this model, LASV isolated from a lethal @entity1 case was highly virulent, while the virus isolated from a nonlethal case elicited mostly mild disease with moderate mortality. More importantly, both viruses were able to induce @entity1274 in surviving animals. However, utilization of the nonlethal, @entity1 LASV isolate allowed us to consistently produce large numbers of survivors with @entity393 . Surviving @entity19 developed permanent @entity393 associated with mild damage to the cochlear hair cells and, strikingly, significant degeneration of the @entity2167 . Therefore, the pathological changes in the inner ear of the @entity19 with @entity1274 supported the phenotypic loss of hearing and provided further insights into the mechanistic cause of @entity26210 -associated @entity393 . IMPORTANCE: @entity1274 is a major complication for @entity26210 survivors. The development of a small-animal model of LASV infection that replicates @entity393 and the clinical and pathological features of @entity26210 will significantly increase knowledge of pathogenesis and vaccine studies. In addition, such a model will permit detailed characterization of the @entity393 mechanism and allow for the development of appropriate diagnostic approaches and medical care for @entity26210 @entity1 with @entity393 .

title: Animal Model of @entity1274 Associated with XXXX Infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute disease']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['spiral ganglion cells of the auditory nerve']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss', 'Sensorineural hearing loss', 'SNHL']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'hearing impairment']

answer: @entity26211 :: (11620,Species) :: ['Lassa Virus']


abstract: Approximately one-third of @entity26211 (LASV)-infected @entity1 develop @entity1274 ( @entity1274 ) in the late stages of @entity697 or in early convalescence. With 500,000 annual cases of @entity26210 ( @entity26210 ), LASV is a major cause of @entity393 in regions of West Africa where @entity26210 is endemic. To date, no animal models exist that depict the @entity1 pathology of @entity26210 with associated @entity393 . Here, we aimed to develop an animal model to study LASV-induced @entity393 using @entity1 isolates from a 2012 Sierra Leone outbreak. We have recently established a @entity19 model for @entity26210 that closely mimics many features of @entity1 disease. In this model, LASV isolated from a lethal @entity1 case was highly virulent, while the virus isolated from a nonlethal case elicited mostly mild disease with moderate mortality. More importantly, both viruses were able to induce @entity1274 in surviving animals. However, utilization of the nonlethal, @entity1 LASV isolate allowed us to consistently produce large numbers of survivors with @entity393 . Surviving @entity19 developed permanent @entity393 associated with mild damage to the cochlear hair cells and, strikingly, significant degeneration of the @entity2167 . Therefore, the pathological changes in the inner ear of the @entity19 with @entity1274 supported the phenotypic loss of hearing and provided further insights into the mechanistic cause of @entity26210 -associated @entity393 . IMPORTANCE: @entity1274 is a major complication for @entity26210 survivors. The development of a small-animal model of LASV infection that replicates @entity393 and the clinical and pathological features of @entity26210 will significantly increase knowledge of pathogenesis and vaccine studies. In addition, such a model will permit detailed characterization of the @entity393 mechanism and allow for the development of appropriate diagnostic approaches and medical care for @entity26210 @entity1 with @entity393 .

title: Animal Model of XXXX Associated with @entity26211 Infection.

answer: @entity1274 :: (MESH:D006319,Disease) :: ['Sensorineural Hearing Loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The immune contexture predicts prognosis in @entity1 @entity14 ( @entity14 ). Whereas @entity5 -infiltrating @entity405 + T cells and myeloid @entity4071 + @entity3335 ( @entity3335 )+ cells are associated with favourable clinical outcome, @entity4155 -producing cells have been reported to correlate with severe prognosis. However, their phenotypes and functions continue to be debated. OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical relevance, phenotypes and functional features of @entity14 , @entity4155 -producing cells. METHODS: @entity4155 staining was performed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray including 1148 CRCs. Phenotypes of @entity4155 -producing cells were evaluated by flow cytometry on cell suspensions obtained by enzymatic digestion of clinical specimens. Functions of @entity14 -isolated, @entity4155 -producing cells were assessed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS: @entity4155 + infiltrates were not themselves predictive of an unfavourable clinical outcome, but correlated with infiltration by @entity405 + T cells and @entity4071 + @entity3335 + neutrophils. Ex vivo analysis showed that @entity5 -infiltrating @entity4155 + cells mostly consist of @entity404 + T helper 17 (Th17) cells with multifaceted properties. Indeed, owing to @entity4155 secretion, @entity14 -derived Th17 triggered the release of protumorigenic factors by @entity5 and @entity5 . However, on the other hand, they favoured recruitment of beneficial neutrophils through @entity687 secretion and, most importantly, they drove highly cytotoxic @entity5075 + @entity14284 + @entity405 + T cells into @entity5 tissue, through @entity5737 and @entity16365 release. Consistent with these findings, the presence of intraepithelial, but not of stromal Th17 cells, positively correlated with improved survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows the dual role played by @entity5 -infiltrating Th17 in @entity14 , thus advising caution when developing new @entity4155 /Th17 targeted treatments.

title: Dual role of @entity5 -infiltrating T helper 17 cells in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['MPO', 'myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour-associated stroma', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'CRC-infiltrating', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The immune contexture predicts prognosis in @entity1 @entity14 ( @entity14 ). Whereas @entity5 -infiltrating @entity405 + T cells and myeloid @entity4071 + @entity3335 ( @entity3335 )+ cells are associated with favourable clinical outcome, @entity4155 -producing cells have been reported to correlate with severe prognosis. However, their phenotypes and functions continue to be debated. OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical relevance, phenotypes and functional features of @entity14 , @entity4155 -producing cells. METHODS: @entity4155 staining was performed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray including 1148 CRCs. Phenotypes of @entity4155 -producing cells were evaluated by flow cytometry on cell suspensions obtained by enzymatic digestion of clinical specimens. Functions of @entity14 -isolated, @entity4155 -producing cells were assessed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS: @entity4155 + infiltrates were not themselves predictive of an unfavourable clinical outcome, but correlated with infiltration by @entity405 + T cells and @entity4071 + @entity3335 + neutrophils. Ex vivo analysis showed that @entity5 -infiltrating @entity4155 + cells mostly consist of @entity404 + T helper 17 (Th17) cells with multifaceted properties. Indeed, owing to @entity4155 secretion, @entity14 -derived Th17 triggered the release of protumorigenic factors by @entity5 and @entity5 . However, on the other hand, they favoured recruitment of beneficial neutrophils through @entity687 secretion and, most importantly, they drove highly cytotoxic @entity5075 + @entity14284 + @entity405 + T cells into @entity5 tissue, through @entity5737 and @entity16365 release. Consistent with these findings, the presence of intraepithelial, but not of stromal Th17 cells, positively correlated with improved survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows the dual role played by @entity5 -infiltrating Th17 in @entity14 , thus advising caution when developing new @entity4155 /Th17 targeted treatments.

title: Dual role of XXXX -infiltrating T helper 17 cells in @entity1 @entity14 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The immune contexture predicts prognosis in @entity1 @entity14 ( @entity14 ). Whereas @entity5 -infiltrating @entity405 + T cells and myeloid @entity4071 + @entity3335 ( @entity3335 )+ cells are associated with favourable clinical outcome, @entity4155 -producing cells have been reported to correlate with severe prognosis. However, their phenotypes and functions continue to be debated. OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical relevance, phenotypes and functional features of @entity14 , @entity4155 -producing cells. METHODS: @entity4155 staining was performed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray including 1148 CRCs. Phenotypes of @entity4155 -producing cells were evaluated by flow cytometry on cell suspensions obtained by enzymatic digestion of clinical specimens. Functions of @entity14 -isolated, @entity4155 -producing cells were assessed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS: @entity4155 + infiltrates were not themselves predictive of an unfavourable clinical outcome, but correlated with infiltration by @entity405 + T cells and @entity4071 + @entity3335 + neutrophils. Ex vivo analysis showed that @entity5 -infiltrating @entity4155 + cells mostly consist of @entity404 + T helper 17 (Th17) cells with multifaceted properties. Indeed, owing to @entity4155 secretion, @entity14 -derived Th17 triggered the release of protumorigenic factors by @entity5 and @entity5 . However, on the other hand, they favoured recruitment of beneficial neutrophils through @entity687 secretion and, most importantly, they drove highly cytotoxic @entity5075 + @entity14284 + @entity405 + T cells into @entity5 tissue, through @entity5737 and @entity16365 release. Consistent with these findings, the presence of intraepithelial, but not of stromal Th17 cells, positively correlated with improved survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows the dual role played by @entity5 -infiltrating Th17 in @entity14 , thus advising caution when developing new @entity4155 /Th17 targeted treatments.

title: Dual role of @entity5 -infiltrating T helper 17 cells in XXXX @entity14 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Totally epicardial cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a novel treatment modality for @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ) and systolic dyssynchrony undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In this study, we have prospectively evaluated the long-term outcomes of totally epicardial CRT. METHODS: Between September 2007 and June 2009, one hundred and seventy-eight @entity1 were randomly assigned to the CABG alone group (n = 87) and CABG with concomitant epicardial CRT implantation (n = 91). The primary end-point of the study was all-cause mortality in the two groups between the day of surgery and 13 August 2013 (common closing date). The secondary outcomes included mode of @entity204 , adverse cardiac events and lead performance. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 55    10.7 months. According to per-protocol analysis with treatment as a time-dependent variable to account for conversion from CABG to CABG + CRT, there were 24 @entity204 (35.8%) in the CABG group and 17 @entity204 (15.3%) in the CABG + CRT group. When compared with CABG alone, concomitant CRT was associated with reduced risk of both all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-0.84, P = 0.012] and @entity204 (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21-0.72, P = 0.002). Eleven (12.6%) sudden @entity204 were observed in the CABG group in comparison with 4 (4.4%) in the CABG + CRT group (P = 0.048). Hospital readmission was required for 9 (9.9%) @entity1 in CABG + CRT group and for 25 (28.7%) @entity1 in the CABG group (P = 0.001). There were 4 (1.5%) @entity177 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that the procedure of CABG and totally epicardial CRT system implantation is safe and significantly improves the survival of @entity1 with @entity712 and dyssynchrony during long-term follow-up. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT 00846001 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).

title: Cardiac resynchronization therapy combined with coronary artery bypass grafting in XXXX @entity1 : long-term results of the RESCUE study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['epicardial lead failures']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death', 'death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['ischaemic heart failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Totally epicardial cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a novel treatment modality for @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ) and systolic dyssynchrony undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In this study, we have prospectively evaluated the long-term outcomes of totally epicardial CRT. METHODS: Between September 2007 and June 2009, one hundred and seventy-eight @entity1 were randomly assigned to the CABG alone group (n = 87) and CABG with concomitant epicardial CRT implantation (n = 91). The primary end-point of the study was all-cause mortality in the two groups between the day of surgery and 13 August 2013 (common closing date). The secondary outcomes included mode of @entity204 , adverse cardiac events and lead performance. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 55    10.7 months. According to per-protocol analysis with treatment as a time-dependent variable to account for conversion from CABG to CABG + CRT, there were 24 @entity204 (35.8%) in the CABG group and 17 @entity204 (15.3%) in the CABG + CRT group. When compared with CABG alone, concomitant CRT was associated with reduced risk of both all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-0.84, P = 0.012] and @entity204 (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21-0.72, P = 0.002). Eleven (12.6%) sudden @entity204 were observed in the CABG group in comparison with 4 (4.4%) in the CABG + CRT group (P = 0.048). Hospital readmission was required for 9 (9.9%) @entity1 in CABG + CRT group and for 25 (28.7%) @entity1 in the CABG group (P = 0.001). There were 4 (1.5%) @entity177 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that the procedure of CABG and totally epicardial CRT system implantation is safe and significantly improves the survival of @entity1 with @entity712 and dyssynchrony during long-term follow-up. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT 00846001 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).

title: Cardiac resynchronization therapy combined with coronary artery bypass grafting in @entity712 XXXX : long-term results of the RESCUE study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']