abstract: INTRODUCTION: The exclusion of circulating @entity5 cells (CTCs) that have lost epithelial antigens during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by using @entity5960 ( @entity5960 ) based capture methods is still a matter of debate. In this study, cells obtained after depletion procedure from blood samples of @entity1544 ( @entity1544 ) @entity1 were identified based on morphology and characterized with the combination of FISH assessment and immunophenotypic profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five mL blood samples, collected from 55 advanced @entity1544 @entity1 , were analyzed by a non- @entity5960 -based capture method. After depletion of leukocytes and erythroid cells, the negative fraction was characterized by both FISH using a @entity7167 ( @entity7167 ) probe and by immunocytochemistry. Thirty healthy donors were also tested. RESULTS: Based on morphology (nuclear dimension >= 10  m, shape and hypercromatic aspect) suspicious circulating cells clearly distinguishable from contaminant leukocytes were observed in 49/55 (89%) @entity1544 @entity1 . Thirty-four of the 44 (77%) samples evaluable for @entity7167 FISH showed >=  6 @entity7167 gene copy number on average per cell. @entity2277 expression involved 43% (18/42) of pooled circulating @entity1544 cells, whereas only 29% (14/48) were @entity5960 positive. Confocal microscopy confirmed the localization of @entity7167 probe in suspicious circulating cells. Suspicious circulating elements were also observed in healthy donors and did not show any epithelial associated antigens. A significantly lower number of suspicious circulating cells in healthy donors compared to @entity1544 @entity1 was found. CONCLUSIONS: Among the heterogeneous cell population isolated by depletion procedure, the coexistence of cells with epithelial and/or mesenchymal phenotype suggests that EMT may participate to transendothelial invasion and migration of @entity5 cells in advanced @entity1544 . The finding of cells with neither @entity5960 or EMT phenotype, retrieved after non- @entity5960 -based systems, underlines the presence of suspicious elements in the blood of both @entity1544 @entity1 and healthy donors. Further phenotyping and molecular analyses are necessary to fully characterize these circulating elements.

title: Isolation and Characterization of Circulating @entity5 Cells in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Using a Non- XXXX -Based Capture Method.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5960 :: ('4072', 'Gene') :: ['EpCAM', 'Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['SQCLC', 'squamous cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity7167 :: ('2260', 'Gene') :: ['FGFR1', 'fibroblast growth factor receptor 1']

answer: @entity5960 :: (4072,Gene) :: ['EpCAM']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The exclusion of circulating @entity5 cells (CTCs) that have lost epithelial antigens during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by using @entity5960 ( @entity5960 ) based capture methods is still a matter of debate. In this study, cells obtained after depletion procedure from blood samples of @entity1544 ( @entity1544 ) @entity1 were identified based on morphology and characterized with the combination of FISH assessment and immunophenotypic profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five mL blood samples, collected from 55 advanced @entity1544 @entity1 , were analyzed by a non- @entity5960 -based capture method. After depletion of leukocytes and erythroid cells, the negative fraction was characterized by both FISH using a @entity7167 ( @entity7167 ) probe and by immunocytochemistry. Thirty healthy donors were also tested. RESULTS: Based on morphology (nuclear dimension >= 10  m, shape and hypercromatic aspect) suspicious circulating cells clearly distinguishable from contaminant leukocytes were observed in 49/55 (89%) @entity1544 @entity1 . Thirty-four of the 44 (77%) samples evaluable for @entity7167 FISH showed >=  6 @entity7167 gene copy number on average per cell. @entity2277 expression involved 43% (18/42) of pooled circulating @entity1544 cells, whereas only 29% (14/48) were @entity5960 positive. Confocal microscopy confirmed the localization of @entity7167 probe in suspicious circulating cells. Suspicious circulating elements were also observed in healthy donors and did not show any epithelial associated antigens. A significantly lower number of suspicious circulating cells in healthy donors compared to @entity1544 @entity1 was found. CONCLUSIONS: Among the heterogeneous cell population isolated by depletion procedure, the coexistence of cells with epithelial and/or mesenchymal phenotype suggests that EMT may participate to transendothelial invasion and migration of @entity5 cells in advanced @entity1544 . The finding of cells with neither @entity5960 or EMT phenotype, retrieved after non- @entity5960 -based systems, underlines the presence of suspicious elements in the blood of both @entity1544 @entity1 and healthy donors. Further phenotyping and molecular analyses are necessary to fully characterize these circulating elements.

title: Isolation and Characterization of Circulating XXXX Cells in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Using a Non- @entity5960 -Based Capture Method.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: RATIONALE: Rhinoviruses (RVs) are a major cause of symptomatic @entity1729 in all age groups. However, RVs can frequently be detected in asymptomatic individuals. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the ability of host transcriptional profiling to differentiate between symptomatic RV @entity281 and incidental detection in @entity1 . METHODS: Previously healthy @entity1 younger than 2 years old (n   =   151) were enrolled at four study sites and classified into four clinical groups: RV- healthy control subjects (n   =   37), RV+ asymptomatic subjects (n   =   14), RV+ outpatients (n   =   30), and RV+ inpatients (n   =   70). Host responses were analyzed using whole-blood RNA transcriptional profiles. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: RV @entity281 induced a robust transcriptional signature, which was validated in three independent cohorts and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction with high prediction accuracy. The immune profile of symptomatic RV @entity281 was characterized by overexpression of innate immunity and underexpression of adaptive immunity genes, whereas negligible changes were observed in asymptomatic RV+ subjects. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering identified two main clusters of subjects. The first included 93% of healthy control subjects and 100% of asymptomatic RV+ subjects, and the second comprised 98% of RV+ inpatients and 88% of RV+ outpatients. Genomic scores of healthy control subjects and asymptomatic RV+ @entity1 were similar and significantly lower than those of RV+ inpatients and outpatients (P   <   0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Symptomatic RV @entity281 induced a robust and reproducible transcriptional signature, whereas identification of RV in asymptomatic @entity1 was not associated with significant systemic transcriptional immune responses. Transcriptional profiling represents a useful tool to discriminate between active @entity281 and incidental @entity778 detection.

title: Rhinovirus Detection in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic XXXX : Value of Host Transcriptome Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Parents' attitudes toward MMR vaccine and measles, mumps and @entity281 relate to their @entity1 's MMR status, therefore improving these attitudes is central to improving current suboptimal MMR uptake. However, no study has yet combined evidence-based, comprehensive and psychometrically validated assessment of these attitudes with reliable objective MMR status data, in order to identify through multivariate analyses the strongest attitudinal predictors of MMR uptake for interventions to target. The present study fills this lacuna by developing and testing a robust evidence-based MMR attitudes measurement instrument. DESIGN: Cross-sectional self-administered postal/telephone questionnaire with objective behavioural outcome. SETTING AND @entity1 : 535 parents of @entity1 aged 5-18 in London and north-west England, UK (response rate 18.1%). Recruitment via Primary Care Trust records, age-stratified purposive sample with suboptimally immunised cases oversampled. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Parents' responses to evidence-based measurement instrument comprising 20 attitude/previous behaviour items (collapsing to 5 scales) and 7 demographic items, and their @entity1 's PCT-recorded 5th birthday status for MMR dose 1 (on-time, late or none) and MMR dose 2 (on-time or none). RESULTS: The attitudes measurement instrument was psychometrically robust: content valid, and demonstrating good or acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.55-0.75 for all scales), test-retest reliability (Pearson's correlation >0.60-0.80, p<0.01 to <0.001 for all scales and 11 individual items), concurrent/construct validity (t-tests for difference between MMR status groups p<0.05 for four scales and thirteen individual items), and predictive/criterion validity (OR=0.66, 95% confidence interval=0.48-0.92 to OR=1.97, 95% CI=1.18-3.31 for three scales and five individual items). Black and minority ethnicity (OR=1.94, 95% CI=1.15-3.30 to OR=4.15, 95% CI=2.40-7.19), positive MMR attitudes (OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.00-2.66 to OR=1.97, 95% CI=1.18-1.31), and positive social attitudes (OR=1.64, 95% CI=1.23-2.40 to OR=1.72, 95% CI=1.13-2.38) independently predicted uptake for both MMR doses. MMR status groups differed most strongly on preference for single measles, mumps and @entity2462 vaccines (6-9% variance in status explained), previous MMR acceptance/rejection (5-9%), and wishing to protect others through vaccinating one's own @entity1 (6-8%). CONCLUSIONS: The measurement instrument is robust on multiple validity and reliability dimensions, and is appropriate for use in research and practice as a tool for designing and evaluating interventions. Parents appear to act in line with their attitudes toward MMR vaccine, though attitudes toward @entity281 bore little relation to MMR uptake. This study indicates populations and attitudes to be prioritized in MMR uptake improvement interventions.

title: Attitudinal and demographic predictors of measles, mumps and XXXX (MMR) vaccine acceptance: development and validation of an evidence-based measurement instrument.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'child']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['measles infection', 'rubella infections']

answer: @entity2462 :: (MESH:D012409,Disease) :: ['rubella']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To monitor @entity713 after radiofrequency ablation for @entity2917 . DESIGN: Measurement of PR interval from 12 lead surface electrocardiograms before; at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours; and at 1 and 6 months after radiofrequency ablation. @entity1 : 40 consecutive @entity1 with @entity2917 . The anterior approach was used in 23 @entity1 , the posterior approach in 17. RESULTS: With the anterior approach the PR interval increased significantly and progressively until 48 hours after ablation (maximum 282 ( @entity53514 .2) ms, before ablation 142 (29.5) ms; P < 0.0001). Up to 96 hours no further change was observed, but one month after ablation the PR interval had decreased to a value not significantly different from that 24 hours after the procedure (231 (51.2) ms). In one @entity1 total @entity713 developed 24 hours after an uncomplicated procedure and a permanent pacemaker was implanted. With the posterior approach the PR interval increased slightly in the first 24 hours (156 (22.7) ms, before ablation 144 (21.2) ms P = 0.004), but it had returned to preablation values at 1 month. One @entity1 developed second degree @entity713 during the first 24 hours after ablation, despite delivery of all radiofrequency pulses posterior to Koch's triangle at sites without His bundle deflection. PR intervals at 6 months did not differ significantly from the values at 1 month. CONCLUSION: After the anterior approach the progressive delay in @entity713 up to 48 hours after radiofrequency ablation for @entity2917 warrants continuous in hospital monitoring of @entity1 for at least two days after the procedure.

title: Change in delay of @entity713 after radiofrequency catheter ablation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular conduction', 'atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2917 :: ('MESH:D013611', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia']

answer: @entity2917 :: (MESH:D013611,Disease) :: ['atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To monitor @entity713 after radiofrequency ablation for @entity2917 . DESIGN: Measurement of PR interval from 12 lead surface electrocardiograms before; at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours; and at 1 and 6 months after radiofrequency ablation. @entity1 : 40 consecutive @entity1 with @entity2917 . The anterior approach was used in 23 @entity1 , the posterior approach in 17. RESULTS: With the anterior approach the PR interval increased significantly and progressively until 48 hours after ablation (maximum 282 ( @entity53514 .2) ms, before ablation 142 (29.5) ms; P < 0.0001). Up to 96 hours no further change was observed, but one month after ablation the PR interval had decreased to a value not significantly different from that 24 hours after the procedure (231 (51.2) ms). In one @entity1 total @entity713 developed 24 hours after an uncomplicated procedure and a permanent pacemaker was implanted. With the posterior approach the PR interval increased slightly in the first 24 hours (156 (22.7) ms, before ablation 144 (21.2) ms P = 0.004), but it had returned to preablation values at 1 month. One @entity1 developed second degree @entity713 during the first 24 hours after ablation, despite delivery of all radiofrequency pulses posterior to Koch's triangle at sites without His bundle deflection. PR intervals at 6 months did not differ significantly from the values at 1 month. CONCLUSION: After the anterior approach the progressive delay in @entity713 up to 48 hours after radiofrequency ablation for @entity2917 warrants continuous in hospital monitoring of @entity1 for at least two days after the procedure.

title: Change in delay of XXXX after radiofrequency catheter ablation for @entity2917 .

answer: @entity713 :: (MESH:D054537,Disease) :: ['atrioventricular conduction']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: A combined atrial and arterial switch procedure was performed in selected @entity1 with congenitally corrected transposition to establish the morphological left ventricle as the systemic ventricle. Immediate and early follow up results are presented. BACKGROUND: Progressive @entity67 and @entity997 are common in @entity1 with congenitally corrected transposition who undergo repair of associated lesions. A surgical procedure which re-establishes the left ventricle as the systemic ventricle should improve functional results. METHODS: Four symptomatic @entity1 aged from 9 months to 3 years 1 month (mean 2 years 3 months) with congenitally corrected transposition and @entity1757 underwent both an atrial and arterial switch procedure and were followed up for a mean of 12 months (range 6-21 months). RESULTS: There were no early or late deaths. @entity616 worsened in two @entity1 . Hospital stay ranged from 8 to 17 days (mean 13 days). The cardiothoracic ratio decreased from a mean (range) of 0.65 (0.6 to 0.71) to 0.58 (0.52 to 0.6). Currently, three @entity1 are in functional class I and one @entity1 is in functional class II. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of an atrial and an arterial switch procedure in symptomatic @entity1 with congenitally corrected transposition establishes the left ventricle as the systemic ventricle. The initial experience is encouraging with excellent immediate and early follow up results.

title: Combined atrial and arterial switch procedure for congenital corrected transposition with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity997 :: ('MESH:D014262', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['Conduction abnormalities']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['ventricular septal defect']


abstract: BACKGROUND: From 1984 to 1989, the Swiss Group for Clinical @entity5 Research (SAKK) performed a randomized phase III trial comparing early versus late alternating chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity151 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 406 eligible @entity1 were entered into the trial. Regimen A consisted of PAV ( @entity900 , @entity632 , @entity2879 , and Regimen B of CyMOC ( @entity786 , @entity1499 , @entity1891 , CCNU). Cycles were repeated as rapidly as possible. @entity1 were randomized to receive either ABABAB (early alternating chemotherapy) or AAABBB (late alternating chemotherapy). After six cycles @entity1 with limited disease in complete or partial remission and those with @entity66 in complete remission received irradiation to the primary (45 Gy) and the CNS (36 Gy). RESULTS: The overall remission rate was 87% with 31% complete remissions. The median survival of all 406 eligible @entity1 was 346 days with 15% of the @entity1 alive at two years. The overall remission rate, the rate of complete remission, the median survival and the rate of long-term survival were not significantly different in the two treatment arms. In limited disease the estimated percentages of survival at 2 years were 33% in the early and 24% in the late alternating chemotherapy arms. @entity1 with @entity66 survived significantly longer with late alternating chemotherapy than on the early alternation regimen (median survival 336 days versus 301 days, p = 0.01). In the latter @entity1 the received dose intensities (RDI) of @entity900 , @entity632 and @entity2879 were significantly higher in the late-alternation arm. @entity1 treated with early alternating chemotherapy rated their @entity5 symptoms, functional states, fatigue/malaise and restriction of social activity significantly better, reflecting an improved subjective adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Alternating chemotherapy with PAV-CyMOC plus consolidating radiotherapy is a feasible and effective treatment for @entity151 , with acceptable @entity137 . Whereas @entity1 with early alternating chemotherapy achieve a better subjective adjustment, late alternating chemotherapy allows for a higher RDI of @entity900 , @entity632 and @entity2879 , which results in a significantly longer median survival of @entity1 with @entity66 .

title: Early versus late alternating chemotherapy in XXXX . Swiss Group for Clinical @entity5 Research (SAKK).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin', 'adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['extensive disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisPlatin', 'cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small-cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity151 :: (MESH:D055752,Disease) :: ['small-cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: From 1984 to 1989, the Swiss Group for Clinical @entity5 Research (SAKK) performed a randomized phase III trial comparing early versus late alternating chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity151 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 406 eligible @entity1 were entered into the trial. Regimen A consisted of PAV ( @entity900 , @entity632 , @entity2879 , and Regimen B of CyMOC ( @entity786 , @entity1499 , @entity1891 , CCNU). Cycles were repeated as rapidly as possible. @entity1 were randomized to receive either ABABAB (early alternating chemotherapy) or AAABBB (late alternating chemotherapy). After six cycles @entity1 with limited disease in complete or partial remission and those with @entity66 in complete remission received irradiation to the primary (45 Gy) and the CNS (36 Gy). RESULTS: The overall remission rate was 87% with 31% complete remissions. The median survival of all 406 eligible @entity1 was 346 days with 15% of the @entity1 alive at two years. The overall remission rate, the rate of complete remission, the median survival and the rate of long-term survival were not significantly different in the two treatment arms. In limited disease the estimated percentages of survival at 2 years were 33% in the early and 24% in the late alternating chemotherapy arms. @entity1 with @entity66 survived significantly longer with late alternating chemotherapy than on the early alternation regimen (median survival 336 days versus 301 days, p = 0.01). In the latter @entity1 the received dose intensities (RDI) of @entity900 , @entity632 and @entity2879 were significantly higher in the late-alternation arm. @entity1 treated with early alternating chemotherapy rated their @entity5 symptoms, functional states, fatigue/malaise and restriction of social activity significantly better, reflecting an improved subjective adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Alternating chemotherapy with PAV-CyMOC plus consolidating radiotherapy is a feasible and effective treatment for @entity151 , with acceptable @entity137 . Whereas @entity1 with early alternating chemotherapy achieve a better subjective adjustment, late alternating chemotherapy allows for a higher RDI of @entity900 , @entity632 and @entity2879 , which results in a significantly longer median survival of @entity1 with @entity66 .

title: Early versus late alternating chemotherapy in @entity151 . Swiss Group for Clinical XXXX Research (SAKK).

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: Eye-head coordination was measured in @entity1 with @entity191 as they made horizontal gaze shifts in response to predictable and unpredictable target steps and to targets moving smoothly with either constant or sinusoidally varying velocity. @entity1 preferred not to move their heads for both large and small amplitude gaze shifts. Both eye and head movement reaction times were prolonged. Saccades were hypometric and, frequently, slow. @entity910 were also slow, hypometric, and varied in amplitude for target shifts of a given amplitude. @entity1319 ( @entity1319 ) that normally stabilize gaze direction during head movement varied in gain from zero to greater than unity, and often drove the eyes off target. @entity854 occurred most commonly in @entity1 with abnormal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain in darkness. We attribute these abnormalities of programming combined eye-head saccades to dysfunction of striatonigralcollicular circuits. Smooth gaze pursuit gain, the ratio of gaze velocity to target velocity, was lowered in @entity1 while tracking sinusoidal targets at 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 Hz. Some @entity1 could track these targets with the head fixed but not with the head free. We attribute this to abnormal suppression of the vestibuloocular reflex. The results indicate that @entity191 impairs motor programming of coordinated eye-head gaze saccades and disrupts normal interaction between head movement and the VOR.

title: Ocular motor deficits in @entity191 . III. Coordination of eye and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['Head movements']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['CEM abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['Compensatory eye movements', 'CEMs']

answer: @entity910 :: (MESH:D004409,Disease) :: ['head movements']


abstract: Eye-head coordination was measured in @entity1 with @entity191 as they made horizontal gaze shifts in response to predictable and unpredictable target steps and to targets moving smoothly with either constant or sinusoidally varying velocity. @entity1 preferred not to move their heads for both large and small amplitude gaze shifts. Both eye and head movement reaction times were prolonged. Saccades were hypometric and, frequently, slow. @entity910 were also slow, hypometric, and varied in amplitude for target shifts of a given amplitude. @entity1319 ( @entity1319 ) that normally stabilize gaze direction during head movement varied in gain from zero to greater than unity, and often drove the eyes off target. @entity854 occurred most commonly in @entity1 with abnormal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain in darkness. We attribute these abnormalities of programming combined eye-head saccades to dysfunction of striatonigralcollicular circuits. Smooth gaze pursuit gain, the ratio of gaze velocity to target velocity, was lowered in @entity1 while tracking sinusoidal targets at 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 Hz. Some @entity1 could track these targets with the head fixed but not with the head free. We attribute this to abnormal suppression of the vestibuloocular reflex. The results indicate that @entity191 impairs motor programming of coordinated eye-head gaze saccades and disrupts normal interaction between head movement and the VOR.

title: Ocular motor deficits in XXXX . III. Coordination of eye and @entity910 .

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) can safely be performed with slightly higher complication rates than radical nephrectomy (RN), but proof of oncologic effectiveness is lacking. OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and time to progression. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : From March 1992 to January 2003, when the study was prematurely closed because of poor accrual, 541 @entity1 with small ( <=5 cm), solitary, T1-T2 N0 M0 (Union Internationale Contre le Cancer [UICC] 1978) @entity5 suspicious for @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) and a normal contralateral kidney were randomised to NSS or RN in European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genito-Urinary Group (EORTC-GU) noninferiority phase 3 trial 30904. INTERVENTION: @entity1 were randomised to NSS (n=268) or RN (n=273) together with limited lymph node dissection (LND). MEASUREMENTS: Time to event end points was compared with log-rank test results. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Median follow-up was 9.3 yr. The intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis showed 10-yr @entity1349 rates of 81.1% for RN and 75.7% for NSS. With a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-2.16), the test for noninferiority is not significant (p=0.77), and test for superiority is significant (p=0.03). In @entity1358 @entity1 and clinically and pathologically eligible @entity1 , the difference is less pronounced (HR=1.43 and HR=1.34, respectively), and the superiority test is no longer significant (p=0.07 and p=0.17, respectively). Only 12 of 117 deaths were the result of @entity703 (four RN and eight NSS). Twenty-one @entity1 progressed (9 after RN and 12 after NSS). Quality of life and renal function outcomes have not been addressed. CONCLUSIONS: Both methods provide excellent oncologic results. In the ITT population, NSS seems to be significantly less effective than RN in terms of @entity1349 . However, in the targeted population of @entity1358 @entity1 , the trend in favour of RN is no longer significant. The small number of progressions and deaths from @entity703 cannot explain any possible @entity1349 differences between treatment types.

title: A prospective, randomised EORTC intergroup phase 3 study comparing the oncologic outcome of elective nephron-sparing surgery and radical nephrectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal cancer']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['low-stage renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: AIMS: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise on dyssynchrony in @entity1 with @entity1002 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty @entity1 with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)  <= 35% were studied. @entity3883 ( @entity3883 ), intraventricular mechanical delay [Ts-(lateral-septal)], and left ventricular filling ratio were measured at rest and during exercise. Significant @entity3883 was defined as a difference between aortic and pulmonary pre-ejection times of >40 ms. @entity1757 was defined as a Ts-(lateral-septal) >65 ms. Forty-five @entity1 with no dyssynchrony at rest were analysed (age 62    14; LVEF 28    6%) and compared with a control group of 15 @entity1 with known dyssynchrony at rest. None of the 45 @entity1 without dyssynchrony at rest developed dyssynchrony during exercise based on @entity3883 and Ts-(lateral-septal). In the control group, @entity3883 decreased from 65    19 to 33    11 ms (P< 0.001) during exercise, whereas Ts-(lateral-septal) did not change. Persistence of dyssynchrony during exercise (decrease of @entity3883 <60%) was significantly associated with response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Whereas all 10 responders had persistent dyssynchrony during exercise, 4 of the 5 non-responders (80%) had an exercise-induced decrease of @entity3883 >60% (P< 0.004). CONCLUSION: Exercise does not elicit mechanical dyssynchrony in @entity1 without dyssynchrony at rest. In @entity1 with significant dyssynchrony at rest, exercise-induced decrease of @entity3883 is common. Persistence of dyssynchrony during exercise might be a novel predictor of response to CRT.

title: Effects of physical exercise on cardiac dyssynchrony in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['Interventricular mechanical delay', 'IVMD']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['Intraventricular dyssynchrony']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity1002 :: (MESH:D018487,Disease) :: ['impaired left ventricular function']


abstract: AIMS: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise on dyssynchrony in @entity1 with @entity1002 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty @entity1 with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)  <= 35% were studied. @entity3883 ( @entity3883 ), intraventricular mechanical delay [Ts-(lateral-septal)], and left ventricular filling ratio were measured at rest and during exercise. Significant @entity3883 was defined as a difference between aortic and pulmonary pre-ejection times of >40 ms. @entity1757 was defined as a Ts-(lateral-septal) >65 ms. Forty-five @entity1 with no dyssynchrony at rest were analysed (age 62    14; LVEF 28    6%) and compared with a control group of 15 @entity1 with known dyssynchrony at rest. None of the 45 @entity1 without dyssynchrony at rest developed dyssynchrony during exercise based on @entity3883 and Ts-(lateral-septal). In the control group, @entity3883 decreased from 65    19 to 33    11 ms (P< 0.001) during exercise, whereas Ts-(lateral-septal) did not change. Persistence of dyssynchrony during exercise (decrease of @entity3883 <60%) was significantly associated with response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Whereas all 10 responders had persistent dyssynchrony during exercise, 4 of the 5 non-responders (80%) had an exercise-induced decrease of @entity3883 >60% (P< 0.004). CONCLUSION: Exercise does not elicit mechanical dyssynchrony in @entity1 without dyssynchrony at rest. In @entity1 with significant dyssynchrony at rest, exercise-induced decrease of @entity3883 is common. Persistence of dyssynchrony during exercise might be a novel predictor of response to CRT.

title: Effects of physical exercise on cardiac dyssynchrony in XXXX with @entity1002 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Many @entity1 with @entity1868 desire uterine conservation. Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) is a new non-invasive therapy. We describe our early results regarding efficacy and safety of MRgFUS for the treatment of uterine @entity2909 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty-two French @entity1 , over 18 years of age, who were candidates for surgical myomectomy, @entity1416 due to symptomatic @entity1868 were treated by MRgFUS (ExAblate 2000(  ), InSightec) and followed up for at least 6 months. Intramural or @entity1868 with a size between 4-12 cm and a T2 low intensity MRI image were selected in @entity1 with no abdominal scar and no bowel interposition. The modified symptom severity score (SSS) was examined before and after the treatment at 6 months. Second treatment rate during the first follow-up year was reported. RESULTS: No serious complications were recorded during the treatments or follow-up period. Seven @entity1 had @entity177 mostly because of bowel interposition, six of them had uterine artery embolisation. The mean modified SSS value for @entity1 before MRgFUS was 41/100 and the values diminished significantly to a mean value of 22/100. A total of 65% of @entity1 had a reduction of at least 10 points (n=22) (initial score of 41 [29; 62] and 22 [16; 46] at 6 month follow-up). Good correlation was observed between @entity1868 destruction and the symptoms score. During the follow-up period, ten @entity1 (19%) required invasive interventions (six hysterectomies, two embolisations and two myomectomies). The average reduction in @entity1868 volume determined by MR imaging at 6 months after treatment was 14%. This volume reduction is poorly correlated with the @entity1868 's treated volume of 36.4% (6-74%). CONCLUSION: MRgFUS can safely be used for symptomatic treatment and avoid the need for surgical intervention in most @entity1 . Additional follow-up is needed to determine the long-term durability of this promising non-invasive approach and to obtain reimbursement.

title: [French first results using magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound for XXXX treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['hysterectomy or uterine artery embolization']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['initial failure']

entities_list: @entity1868 :: ('MESH:D009214', 'Disease') :: ['myomas', 'myoma', 'subserous myomas']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyomas']

answer: @entity1868 :: (MESH:D009214,Disease) :: ['myoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:    To describe the possible association (pathophysiologic and clinical features) between exertional @entity64 (EHS) and @entity590 ( @entity590 ). BACKGROUND:    Both EHS and @entity590 are acute and life-threatening disorders. It has repeatedly been shown that EHS can occur in well-trained @entity1 with known @entity590 -associated mutation in the @entity13868 gene in the absence of any extreme environmental conditions or extreme physical activity, thereby supporting a possible link between EHS and @entity590 . In this case, a highly trained 30-year-old male athlete suddenly collapsed while running. He had initial @entity221 (40.2  C) and progressive @entity881 requiring medical management in an intensive care unit. After he recovered completely, a maximal exercise test was performed and showed an obvious abnormality of oxidative metabolism in muscle; genetic analysis of the @entity13868 gene identified a heterozygous missense variation @entity73327 . Consequently, the athlete was given appropriate information and allowed to progressively return to sport competition. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:    Doping, use of drugs and toxic agents, exercise-associated @entity2753 , exertional @entity221 . TREATMENT:    Initial management started with the basic resuscitative guidelines of airway, breathing, and circulation (intubation). Cooling, administration of fresh frozen plasma, and intensive rehydration resulted in improvement. UNIQUENESS:    To our knowledge, ours is the first description of this @entity590 mutation ( @entity73327 ) in the @entity13868 gene that was associated with exertional @entity5925 involving a dramatic impairment of oxidative metabolism in muscle. CONCLUSIONS:    Common features are shared by EHS and @entity590 . Careful attention must therefore be paid to athletes who experience EHS, especially in temperate climates or when there are no other predisposing factors.

title: Exertional Heat XXXX and Susceptibility to Malignant @entity221 in an Athlete: Evidence for a Link?

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['heat stroke']

entities_list: @entity5925 :: ('MESH:D012206', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyolysis']

entities_list: @entity590 :: ('MESH:D008305', 'Disease') :: ['MH', 'malignant hyperthermia']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia', 'heat illness']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:    To describe the possible association (pathophysiologic and clinical features) between exertional @entity64 (EHS) and @entity590 ( @entity590 ). BACKGROUND:    Both EHS and @entity590 are acute and life-threatening disorders. It has repeatedly been shown that EHS can occur in well-trained @entity1 with known @entity590 -associated mutation in the @entity13868 gene in the absence of any extreme environmental conditions or extreme physical activity, thereby supporting a possible link between EHS and @entity590 . In this case, a highly trained 30-year-old male athlete suddenly collapsed while running. He had initial @entity221 (40.2  C) and progressive @entity881 requiring medical management in an intensive care unit. After he recovered completely, a maximal exercise test was performed and showed an obvious abnormality of oxidative metabolism in muscle; genetic analysis of the @entity13868 gene identified a heterozygous missense variation @entity73327 . Consequently, the athlete was given appropriate information and allowed to progressively return to sport competition. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:    Doping, use of drugs and toxic agents, exercise-associated @entity2753 , exertional @entity221 . TREATMENT:    Initial management started with the basic resuscitative guidelines of airway, breathing, and circulation (intubation). Cooling, administration of fresh frozen plasma, and intensive rehydration resulted in improvement. UNIQUENESS:    To our knowledge, ours is the first description of this @entity590 mutation ( @entity73327 ) in the @entity13868 gene that was associated with exertional @entity5925 involving a dramatic impairment of oxidative metabolism in muscle. CONCLUSIONS:    Common features are shared by EHS and @entity590 . Careful attention must therefore be paid to athletes who experience EHS, especially in temperate climates or when there are no other predisposing factors.

title: Exertional Heat @entity64 and Susceptibility to Malignant XXXX in an Athlete: Evidence for a Link?

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['Hyperthermia']


abstract: Of 175 @entity1 treated surgically for potentially lethal or refractory @entity299 , 53 underwent mapping and definitive operation using cryoablative techniques as the primary or adjunctive method. Included were 16 @entity1 with @entity4710 caused by accessory pathways ( @entity5509 ) in the right anterior or posterior paraseptal location. Cryoablation was successful in abolishing @entity591 in 93.7% (15 of 16). Six @entity1 (100%) with permanent junctional reciprocating @entity591 were cured by cryoablation. Eighteen of 19 @entity1 with @entity8630 were treated by cryoablation alone or in combination with excision of the @entity955 , with success in 15 (83.3%). Five of these were left atrial foci cured by cryoablation. Fourteen right atrial foci were treated by excision of the appendage only (1 @entity1 ), excision of the appendage and local cryoablation (8 @entity1 ), and cryoablation alone (5 @entity1 ). Three of these underwent partial (2 @entity1 ) or complete (1 @entity1 ) atrial disconnection after excisional and cryoablative techniques failed to control the @entity591 . Multiple ectopic atrial foci were common (9 @entity1 ), and successful cryoablation was accomplished in 100% of the @entity1 with a single @entity8630 (10 @entity1 ) but in only 66% of those with multiple foci. Thirteen of 19 @entity1 with critical @entity1165 were treated by cryoablation at the site of the ectopic focus, either alone or in combination with excision of the area. Elimination of @entity591 was accomplished in 13 @entity1 (100%). @entity296 ( @entity5 ) was the histological diagnosis in 11 of the @entity1 with @entity1165 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cryoablative techniques in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity8630 :: ('MESH:D013612', 'Disease') :: ['atrial ectopic focus', 'atrial ectopic tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial hamartoma']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity5509 :: ('MESH:D058606', 'Disease') :: ['Kent bundle']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Purkinje cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial appendage']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac tachyarrhythmias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Raising the awareness of childhood @entity6 symptoms can reduce the frequency of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) at onset of @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ). However, data on the effectiveness of such interventions are limited. The aim of the study was to describe trends of @entity6 at onset of childhood @entity1723 during 2005-2014 and assess the impact of a @entity6 campaign launched late 2010. METHODS: Data of @entity1 <12 years presented with @entity6 at diagnosis were analyzed according to age, gender and year of diagnosis. The frequency and severity of @entity6 before and during the 4 years campaign were compared. RESULTS: During 2005-2014, 44.9% (243/541) of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1723 presented with @entity6 . Of these, 22.7% had pH <7.1. In both genders @entity6 was higher in @entity1 <6 years (47.8% vs. 40%; p<0.01) and more severe in <3 years old compared to older @entity1 (30% vs. 20%; p<0.01). Following the awareness campaign @entity6 rate dropped from 48% in 2010 to 39% in 2014 and 15.8% had severe @entity6 compared to 26.1% in 2005-2010 (p<0.01). This trend was observed in both genders and across age groups. In @entity1 <3 years the reduction in @entity6 frequency and severity was not statistically significant (p=0.15 and p=0.42, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In NWSA, the frequency and severity of @entity6 at onset of childhood @entity1723 were reduced following 4 years awareness campaign; but the rate is still high. Maintaining the campaign may result in further improvement following a longer period of observation.

title: Reduced frequency and severity of ketoacidosis at diagnosis of childhood XXXX in Northwest Saudi Arabia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['T1D', 'type 1 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic ketoacidosis', 'diabetes', 'DKA', 'diabetes awareness']

answer: @entity1723 :: (MESH:D003922,Disease) :: ['type 1 diabetes']


abstract: @entity884 remains a serious illness with a high mortality. In more than 75% of 417 @entity1 , the @entity281 was due to gram-positive microorganisms. The non- @entity734 @entity1 (33%) were elderly and debilitated with advanced illness that preceded the @entity884 . The @entity734 @entity1 (67%) were young and were infected with multiple kinds of microorganisms. The blood cultures grew strains of @entity794 resistant to @entity3256 and @entity16859 in a majority of @entity1 . Gram-negative microorganisms and fungi were cultured almost exclusively from samples from the @entity734 @entity1 . The high mortality among the non- @entity734 @entity1 (28%) was related to their advanced age and debilitating illness. The high mortality among the @entity734 @entity1 (21%) was related to the complex bacteriology of their infections and the severe anatomical disruption of the valvular complexes of the heart. When cured of their disease after treatment with intravenously administered antibiotics or a valve procedure or both, their long-term survival was related to whether or not they abstained from their habit. If the @entity1 abstained from the use of drugs, the chances of survival were good; if not, @entity204 invariably ensued. This experience strongly supports our contention that if a @entity1 returns to the use of drugs and reinfects the valve after initial cure, a second valve operation is contraindicated.

title: Management of XXXX : seventeen years' experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin sodium']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug-addicted']

entities_list: @entity16859 :: ('MESH:D009254', 'Chemical') :: ['nafcillin sodium']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['Infective endocarditis', 'endocarditis']

answer: @entity884 :: (MESH:D004696,Disease) :: ['infective endocarditis']


abstract: Fifty-one successive @entity1 treated with intravenous streptokinase 1.7 +/- 0.8 (mean +/- SD) hours after onset of symptoms of @entity583 were evaluated during a three-month posthospital follow-up period. Coronary angiography was performed four to nine days after the initial hospital admission. Twenty-eight @entity1 had a second late angiogram. Forty-one @entity1 had successful reperfusion but only 25% of all @entity1 were without significant clinical cardiovascular manifestations during this period. @entity1188 @entity951 occurred in 21 @entity1 , an abnormal stress test result was present in 28 @entity1 , eight @entity1 developed @entity712 , and five @entity1 had reinfarction. An intervention with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or coronary artery bypass graft was performed in 15 (37%) of 41 reperfused @entity1 . A significantly higher intervention rate was present in @entity1 treated with streptokinase within one hour following the onset of symptoms. Early reocclusion (within three months of the @entity1188 ) was noted in @entity1 with 60% or more residual stenosis in their @entity1188 -related coronary artery. These @entity1 also had a significantly greater incidence of @entity951 . Our findings indicate that early thrombolytic therapy of @entity583 preserves myocardium, and since the @entity1188 is patent, but narrowed, the jeopardized area is responsible for a high-risk syndrome with an increased likelihood of @entity63 symptoms. An early aggressive approach may be indicated, especially for @entity1 with greater than 60% residual stenosis in their @entity1188 -related coronary artery.

title: Early treatment of XXXX with intravenous streptokinase. A high-risk syndrome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery', 'infarct', 'Postmyocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity1373 ( @entity1137 ) on a benign breast biopsy specimen are at increased risk for the development of @entity0 . However, the relation between the type and extent of @entity1137 ( @entity1373 [ @entity1373 ] vs @entity1137 [ @entity1137 ]) and the magnitude of the @entity0 risk is not well defined. METHODS: A nested case-control study of @entity1558 and @entity0 risk was conducted. @entity1 with @entity0 and prior benign breast biopsy findings (488 cases) were matched to @entity1 with prior benign breast biopsy findings who were free from @entity0 (1907 controls). Benign breast biopsy slides were reviewed and categorized as nonproliferative, proliferative without atypia, or @entity1137 ( @entity1373 or @entity1137 ). The number of foci of @entity1137 was also recorded. RESULTS: Among @entity1 with @entity1373 , the interrelation between the extent of atypia and @entity0 risk was not significant (odds ratio [OR] for 1 or 2 foci, 3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2-5.6; OR for >= 3 foci, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4-5.1; P   =   .41). Similarly, although the risk with @entity1137 was higher for those with >= 3 foci than for those with <3 foci, the difference was not statistically significant (OR for 1 or 2 foci, 5.2; 95% CI, 2.7-10.0; OR for >= 3 foci, 8.0; 95% CI, 4.5-14.2; P   =   .19). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis demonstrates that the extent of @entity1373 or @entity1137 does not significantly contribute to @entity0 risk. The lack of a significant dose-response relation between the extent and type of atypia and @entity0 risk suggests that it would be premature to use the extent of atypia to influence management decisions for @entity1 with @entity1373 or @entity1137 . @entity5 2016;122:515-520.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

title: @entity0 risk by extent and type of XXXX : An update from the Nurses' Health Studies.

entities_list: @entity1137 :: ('MESH:D018275', 'Disease') :: ['atypical lobular hyperplasia', 'ALH', 'AH']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['ADH', 'atypical ductal hyperplasia', 'atypical hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity1558 :: ('MESH:D001941', 'Disease') :: ['benign breast disease']

answer: @entity1373 :: (MESH:D006965,Disease) :: ['atypical hyperplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity1373 ( @entity1137 ) on a benign breast biopsy specimen are at increased risk for the development of @entity0 . However, the relation between the type and extent of @entity1137 ( @entity1373 [ @entity1373 ] vs @entity1137 [ @entity1137 ]) and the magnitude of the @entity0 risk is not well defined. METHODS: A nested case-control study of @entity1558 and @entity0 risk was conducted. @entity1 with @entity0 and prior benign breast biopsy findings (488 cases) were matched to @entity1 with prior benign breast biopsy findings who were free from @entity0 (1907 controls). Benign breast biopsy slides were reviewed and categorized as nonproliferative, proliferative without atypia, or @entity1137 ( @entity1373 or @entity1137 ). The number of foci of @entity1137 was also recorded. RESULTS: Among @entity1 with @entity1373 , the interrelation between the extent of atypia and @entity0 risk was not significant (odds ratio [OR] for 1 or 2 foci, 3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2-5.6; OR for >= 3 foci, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4-5.1; P   =   .41). Similarly, although the risk with @entity1137 was higher for those with >= 3 foci than for those with <3 foci, the difference was not statistically significant (OR for 1 or 2 foci, 5.2; 95% CI, 2.7-10.0; OR for >= 3 foci, 8.0; 95% CI, 4.5-14.2; P   =   .19). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis demonstrates that the extent of @entity1373 or @entity1137 does not significantly contribute to @entity0 risk. The lack of a significant dose-response relation between the extent and type of atypia and @entity0 risk suggests that it would be premature to use the extent of atypia to influence management decisions for @entity1 with @entity1373 or @entity1137 . @entity5 2016;122:515-520.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

title: XXXX risk by extent and type of @entity1373 : An update from the Nurses' Health Studies.

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND-- @entity1 with @entity410 may have abnormal brain imaging. Lesions demonstrated on computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging often suggest the underlying cause of the @entity410 , and may prompt an invasive investigation for diagnosis and treatment. In an increasingly recognized subset of @entity1 however, the imaged lesions spontaneously resolve. While poorly understood, these 'disappearing' lesions may in fact be the consequence of @entity410 , rather than the cause. Two @entity1 with 'disappearing' lesions are presented: the first @entity1 had a proven cause, the second a probable one. Case 1. A @entity1 with new onset @entity410 had an abnormal MRI. An angiogram confirmed @entity715 of the straight sinus. On follow-up, she was doing well; repeat imaging was normal with resolution of the lesion. Case 2. A @entity1 with a long @entity410 history had been well controlled on medications, and had no change in frequency of her @entity410 . She was found to have a @entity1805 . MRI revealed a right parieto-occipital lesion. The @entity1 refused further work-up and was lost to follow-up. She returned almost a year later; repeat imaging was normal. CONCLUSION-- @entity1 with @entity410 and abnormal imaging suggestive of structural lesions may occasionally have lesions that resolve spontaneously. While some diagnoses remain elusive, an important consideration to exclude in these @entity1 is @entity49 .

title: XXXX and 'disappearing' brain lesions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1805 :: ('MESH:D006423', 'Disease') :: ['left homonymous hemianopsia']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['Seizures']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The vomeronasal organ (VNO) of five-month-old fetuses was examined immunohistochemically by the use of an antiserum to @entity7895 ( @entity7895 ). Our purpose was to identify if the @entity1 fetal VNO is lined by neuroepithelium. The @entity7895 antiserum labeled abundant cells within the vomeronasal epithelium (VE), nerve fiber bundles in its lamina propria, and cells associated with these bundles. @entity7895 -immunoreactive (ir) vomeronasal epithelial cells were classified into three subtypes. Type I cells, about 40% of the total cells observed, did not have any processes and tended to be located in the basal layer of the VE. Type II cells had a single apical process that projected toward the lumen, ending at the epithelial surface. Type III cells sent a prominent process mainly toward the basement membrane, and occupied about 20% of the total cells observed. In the lamina propria, a considerable number of @entity7895 -ir cells were observed. Some of them were present in nerve fiber bundles and contained processes parallel to the bundles. In addition, @entity7895 -ir nerve fiber bundles and cells associated with them were even present in the portion of the nasal septal mucosa that was very close to the brain. The present results strongly suggest that the VE in @entity1 fetuses at mid-gestation is a neuroepithelium and that the VE may produce migrating cells toward the brain. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Morphological Analysis for Neuron-like Cells in the Vomeronasal Organ of XXXX Fetuses at the middle of gestation.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: The efficacy of oral @entity229 as bridge therapy in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) was studied. Forty @entity1 starting @entity13394 were randomized to receive either @entity229 or placebo for 18 weeks. The dose was 10 mg/day in the first 12 weeks, 7.5 mg/day in weeks 13 and 14, 5 mg/day in weeks 15 and 16, and 2.5 mg/day in weeks 17 and 18. @entity1 were followed for 44 weeks. We found that disease activity was significantly lower in the @entity229 group as early as week 1 and continued up to week 12. Response to @entity229 was noticed in 60% of the @entity1 . After tapering @entity229 , a rebound deterioration was noticed at weeks 20 and 24 in 58% of the responders. No significant differences in X-ray progression were found between the two groups. We concluded that oral @entity229 (10 mg/day) significantly reduces short-term disease activity in 60% of @entity1 with active @entity309 . The rebound deterioration after tapering the dose means that bridge therapy with @entity229 using this dose-reduction scheme is not recommended.

title: Oral steroids as bridge therapy in XXXX @entity1 starting with parenteral gold. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity13394 :: ('MESH:D006051', 'Chemical') :: ['aurothioglucose']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: The efficacy of oral @entity229 as bridge therapy in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) was studied. Forty @entity1 starting @entity13394 were randomized to receive either @entity229 or placebo for 18 weeks. The dose was 10 mg/day in the first 12 weeks, 7.5 mg/day in weeks 13 and 14, 5 mg/day in weeks 15 and 16, and 2.5 mg/day in weeks 17 and 18. @entity1 were followed for 44 weeks. We found that disease activity was significantly lower in the @entity229 group as early as week 1 and continued up to week 12. Response to @entity229 was noticed in 60% of the @entity1 . After tapering @entity229 , a rebound deterioration was noticed at weeks 20 and 24 in 58% of the responders. No significant differences in X-ray progression were found between the two groups. We concluded that oral @entity229 (10 mg/day) significantly reduces short-term disease activity in 60% of @entity1 with active @entity309 . The rebound deterioration after tapering the dose means that bridge therapy with @entity229 using this dose-reduction scheme is not recommended.

title: Oral steroids as bridge therapy in @entity309 XXXX starting with parenteral gold. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The role of @entity935 receptors in regulating the formation of recognition memory remains poorly understood. Here we show the effects of systemic administration of @entity935 receptor agonists and antagonists on the formation of memory for novel object recognition in @entity35 . In Experiment I, @entity35 received an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of vehicle, the selective D1 receptor agonist @entity2344 (1.0 and 5.0mg/kg), or the D2 receptor agonist @entity11640 (1.0 and 5.0mg/kg) immediately after training. In Experiment II, @entity35 received an injection of vehicle, the @entity935 receptor antagonist @entity10095 (0.1 and 0.05 mg/kg), or the D2 receptor antagonist @entity11641 (0.5 and 0.1mg/kg) before training, followed by an injection of vehicle or the nonselective @entity935 receptor agonist @entity3826 (0.05 mg/kg) immediately after training. @entity2344 at 5mg/kg produced an enhancement of novel object recognition memory measured at both 24 and 72 h after training, whereas the dose of 10mg/kg impaired 24-h retention. Posttraining administration of @entity11640 did not affect 24-h retention. @entity3826 enhanced memory in @entity35 given pretraining raclopride, suggesting that the effect was mediated by selective activation of D1 receptors. The results indicate that activation of D1 receptors can enhance recognition memory consolidation. Importantly, pharmacological activation of D1 receptors enhanced novel object recognition memory even under conditions in which control @entity35 showed significant retention.

title: Modulatory influence of XXXX receptors on consolidation of object recognition memory.

entities_list: @entity11640 :: ('MESH:D019257', 'Chemical') :: ['quinpirole']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['Apomorphine', 'apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity11641 :: ('MESH:D020891', 'Chemical') :: ['raclopride']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the research findings regarding the associations between psychosocial factors and adjustment to @entity1118 in @entity1 with physical disabilities. DATA SOURCES: A key word literature search was conducted using articles listed in PubMed, PsychInfo, and CINAHL up to March 2010, and manual searches were made of all retrieved articles to identify published articles that met the review inclusion criteria. STUDY SELECTION: To be included in the review, articles needed to (1) be written in English, (2) include adults with a @entity717 who report having @entity158 , (3) include at least 1 measure of a psychosocial predictor domain, (4) include at least 1 criterion measure of @entity158 or @entity1 functioning, and (5) report the results of associations between the psychosocial factors and criterion measures used in the study. Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION: Three reviewers tabulated study details and findings. DATA SYNTHESIS: The disability groups studied included @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ), acquired amputation, @entity306 ( @entity306 ), @entity15 ( @entity15 ), and @entity3986 ( @entity3986 ). Psychosocial factors were shown to be significantly associated with @entity158 and @entity409 in all disability groups. The psychosocial factors most closely associated with @entity158 and @entity409 across the samples included (1) catastrophizing cognitions; (2) task persistence, guarding, and resting coping responses; and (3) perceived social support and solicitous responding social factors. @entity158 -related beliefs were more strongly associated with @entity158 and @entity409 in the @entity1566 , @entity306 , @entity15 , and @entity3986 groups than in the acquired amputation group. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the importance of psychosocial factors as significant predictors of @entity158 and functioning in @entity1 with physical disabilities. Clinical trials to test the efficacy of psychosocial treatments for @entity158 and @entity409 are warranted, as are studies to determine whether psychosocial factors have a causal influence on @entity158 and adjustment in these populations.

title: Psychosocial factors and adjustment to XXXX in @entity1 with physical disabilities: a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity3986 :: ('MESH:D009136', 'Disease') :: ['muscular dystrophy', 'MD']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['physical disability']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy', 'CP']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the research findings regarding the associations between psychosocial factors and adjustment to @entity1118 in @entity1 with physical disabilities. DATA SOURCES: A key word literature search was conducted using articles listed in PubMed, PsychInfo, and CINAHL up to March 2010, and manual searches were made of all retrieved articles to identify published articles that met the review inclusion criteria. STUDY SELECTION: To be included in the review, articles needed to (1) be written in English, (2) include adults with a @entity717 who report having @entity158 , (3) include at least 1 measure of a psychosocial predictor domain, (4) include at least 1 criterion measure of @entity158 or @entity1 functioning, and (5) report the results of associations between the psychosocial factors and criterion measures used in the study. Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION: Three reviewers tabulated study details and findings. DATA SYNTHESIS: The disability groups studied included @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ), acquired amputation, @entity306 ( @entity306 ), @entity15 ( @entity15 ), and @entity3986 ( @entity3986 ). Psychosocial factors were shown to be significantly associated with @entity158 and @entity409 in all disability groups. The psychosocial factors most closely associated with @entity158 and @entity409 across the samples included (1) catastrophizing cognitions; (2) task persistence, guarding, and resting coping responses; and (3) perceived social support and solicitous responding social factors. @entity158 -related beliefs were more strongly associated with @entity158 and @entity409 in the @entity1566 , @entity306 , @entity15 , and @entity3986 groups than in the acquired amputation group. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the importance of psychosocial factors as significant predictors of @entity158 and functioning in @entity1 with physical disabilities. Clinical trials to test the efficacy of psychosocial treatments for @entity158 and @entity409 are warranted, as are studies to determine whether psychosocial factors have a causal influence on @entity158 and adjustment in these populations.

title: Psychosocial factors and adjustment to @entity1118 in XXXX with physical disabilities: a systematic review.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: AIMS: n-3 @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) are known to protect the cardiovascular system and improve blood pressure control. These important dietary constituents are converted into bioactive metabolites, but their role in regulation of the cardiovascular system is unclear. In particular, the functions of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolites of n-3 @entity5204 remain virtually unexplored. In this study, we examined the effects of @entity4600 ( @entity4601 ) on the regulation of large-conductance @entity460 -activated @entity972 (BK) channel activities in coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques, we found that @entity4601 is a potent activator of BK currents in @entity35 coronary arterial smooth muscle cells with an EC(50) of 0.23    0.03   M. This effect was abolished by pre-incubation with the CYP epoxygenase inhibitor, SKF525A (10   M). The effects of @entity4601 on the BK channels were reproduced by @entity73328 (16,17-EpDPE) with an EC(50) of 19.7    2.8 nM. The physiological role of the CYP metabolites of @entity4601 was confirmed by measuring @entity4601 -mediated vasodilatation in isolated @entity35 coronary arteries. @entity4601 dilated pressurized isolated coronary arteries in a dose-dependent manner, and the @entity4601 effects were abolished after pre-treatment with SKF525A (10   M) or with iberiotoxin (100 nM). In addition, 16,17-EpDPE directly produced coronary vasodilatation that was @entity19191 sensitive. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity4601 -mediated vasodilatation is mediated through CYP epoxygenase metabolites by activation of vascular BK channels.

title: Activation of vascular BK channels by XXXX is dependent on cytochrome P450 epoxygenase activity.

entities_list: @entity19191 :: ('MESH:C064719', 'Chemical') :: ['iberiotoxin']

entities_list: @entity4600 :: ('CHEBI:28125', 'Chemical') :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity73328 :: ('CHEBI:72855', 'Chemical') :: ['16,17-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['Polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity4600 :: (CHEBI:28125,Chemical) :: ['docosahexaenoic acid']


abstract: The aim of this research was to evaluate, within a controlled clinical study, the effects of a Delaire-type facemask or a modified Jasper Jumper (JJ) used in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity3233 due to maxillary retrognathia on @entity2956 ( @entity2956 ). Forty-six @entity1 with @entity3233 referred for orthodontic treatment were divided into two groups, a test and a control. The test group comprised 33 randomly chosen @entity1 (15 females, 18 males) aged 8-11 years. The control group included 13 @entity1 (eight females, five males) with similar features. @entity9321 assessment was performed before and after treatment using a two-axis questionnaire, the Research Diagnostic Criteria for @entity2956 (RDC/ @entity2956 ). Qualitative data were evaluated using chi-square and McNemar tests. No statistically significant differences related to the presence of @entity9321 were observed pre- or post-treatment (P > 0.05). The most commonly encountered diagnosis was @entity4841 in the JJ group both before and after treatment. Evaluation of joint and muscle regions showed decreased symptoms, apart from the diagnosed discomforts, in the JJ group (P < 0.05). Reduced symptoms were observed in the Delaire group; however, this reduction was not statistically significant. An increase, not considered to be statistically significant, was observed in the control group. The Delaire-type facemask and modified JJ used in the early phase of @entity3233 treatment did not result in @entity9321 .

title: The effects of two methods of XXXX treatment on @entity2956 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2956 :: ('MESH:D013705', 'Disease') :: ['Temporomandibular Disorders', 'temporomandibular disorders', 'TMDs']

entities_list: @entity3233 :: ('MESH:D008313', 'Disease') :: ['Class III malocclusions', 'Class III malocclusion']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

answer: @entity3233 :: (MESH:D008313,Disease) :: ['Class III malocclusion']


abstract: The aim of this research was to evaluate, within a controlled clinical study, the effects of a Delaire-type facemask or a modified Jasper Jumper (JJ) used in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity3233 due to maxillary retrognathia on @entity2956 ( @entity2956 ). Forty-six @entity1 with @entity3233 referred for orthodontic treatment were divided into two groups, a test and a control. The test group comprised 33 randomly chosen @entity1 (15 females, 18 males) aged 8-11 years. The control group included 13 @entity1 (eight females, five males) with similar features. @entity9321 assessment was performed before and after treatment using a two-axis questionnaire, the Research Diagnostic Criteria for @entity2956 (RDC/ @entity2956 ). Qualitative data were evaluated using chi-square and McNemar tests. No statistically significant differences related to the presence of @entity9321 were observed pre- or post-treatment (P > 0.05). The most commonly encountered diagnosis was @entity4841 in the JJ group both before and after treatment. Evaluation of joint and muscle regions showed decreased symptoms, apart from the diagnosed discomforts, in the JJ group (P < 0.05). Reduced symptoms were observed in the Delaire group; however, this reduction was not statistically significant. An increase, not considered to be statistically significant, was observed in the control group. The Delaire-type facemask and modified JJ used in the early phase of @entity3233 treatment did not result in @entity9321 .

title: The effects of two methods of @entity3233 treatment on XXXX .

answer: @entity2956 :: (MESH:D013705,Disease) :: ['temporomandibular disorders']


abstract: In 1961 the British Association of Urological Surgeons published its original guide to urologists and surgeons on occupational @entity5 of the urinary tract. This revised guide has been produced by the BAUS Committee on Occupational Urothelial Cancers and has broadly the same objectives as the first: 1. To give guidance on the industries and occupations (a) In which the known urothelial carcinogens have been manufactured or used and with which occupational @entity5 have been associated. (b) In which epidemiological studies have revealed an increased risk of @entity5 but the exact carcinogens have not been identified. (b) In which epidemiological studies have revealed an increased risk of @entity5 but the exact carcinogens have not been identified. (c) In which occupational @entity5 might be expected to occur but are not yet established or reported. 2. To assist the urologist in recognising cases with a possible occupational association. 3. To describe how these cases should be reported for industrial injuries benefit and @entity3675 reporting (RIDDOR). 4. To outline the benefits that may be available to the @entity1 . 5. To explain the changes that were introduced on 3 October 1983 following the report by the Industrial Injuries Advisory Council on the prescription of @entity150 as a Prescribed Industrial Disease (now disease number C23) (Table 1).

title: Occupational @entity150 : a guide for clinicians. The BAUS Subcommittee on Industrial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial cancers', 'tumours', 'urothelial cancer']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['Neoplasm of the Bladder']

entities_list: @entity3675 :: ('MESH:D009784', 'Disease') :: ['occupational disease']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['Bladder Cancer']


abstract: In 1961 the British Association of Urological Surgeons published its original guide to urologists and surgeons on occupational @entity5 of the urinary tract. This revised guide has been produced by the BAUS Committee on Occupational Urothelial Cancers and has broadly the same objectives as the first: 1. To give guidance on the industries and occupations (a) In which the known urothelial carcinogens have been manufactured or used and with which occupational @entity5 have been associated. (b) In which epidemiological studies have revealed an increased risk of @entity5 but the exact carcinogens have not been identified. (b) In which epidemiological studies have revealed an increased risk of @entity5 but the exact carcinogens have not been identified. (c) In which occupational @entity5 might be expected to occur but are not yet established or reported. 2. To assist the urologist in recognising cases with a possible occupational association. 3. To describe how these cases should be reported for industrial injuries benefit and @entity3675 reporting (RIDDOR). 4. To outline the benefits that may be available to the @entity1 . 5. To explain the changes that were introduced on 3 October 1983 following the report by the Industrial Injuries Advisory Council on the prescription of @entity150 as a Prescribed Industrial Disease (now disease number C23) (Table 1).

title: Occupational XXXX : a guide for clinicians. The BAUS Subcommittee on Industrial @entity150 .

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Autologous fat injection for breast augmentation has been disputed with regard to its complications for many years, especially regarding calcifications, most of which present with benign features. In previous studies, @entity2686 were not observed after fat injection for breast augmentation, which are usually regarded as malignant calcifications. METHODS: From July of 1999 to December of 2009, autologous fat injection for breast augmentation was performed for both breasts in 48 @entity1 . Eight @entity1 with @entity2686 found by mammography after surgery were analyzed retrospectively. For the nonpalpable breast lesions in three @entity1 , the @entity2686 were resected with the help of needle localized breast biopsy. The palpable lump, including @entity2686 , was resected 1 cm away from its border in the other @entity1 . All of the specimens were submitted to pathologic examination. RESULTS: The digitized mammographic films of eight of 48 @entity1 (16.7 percent) showed @entity2686 after autologous fat injection, which were highly suspected of being @entity0 microcalcifications, whereas all pathologic examinations indicated fat @entity39 . CONCLUSIONS: Clustered microcalcifications can be found after autologous fat injection for breast augmentation, which cannot be distinguished from @entity5 . The mammographic confusion constitutes the problem rather than the success of the procedure itself, and the method should continue to be prohibited.

title: Clinical analyses of XXXX after autologous fat injection for breast augmentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necroses']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2686 :: ('MESH:D003027', 'Disease') :: ['clustered microcalcifications']

answer: @entity2686 :: (MESH:D003027,Disease) :: ['clustered microcalcifications']


abstract: Our previously published clinical results suggest that the variations in serum alkaline DNase activity (SADA) could be a reliable marker for the therapeutic monitoring of different @entity1 @entity5 . The aim of the study documented in this was to determine SADA variations in 27 @entity1 suffering from @entity706 (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's). @entity1 continued to be observed after therapy. The blood samples were collected before treatment (Time 0), during several days from the onset of each treatment (Phase I), and weeks after the last therapy (Phase II). A decrease in the serum alkaline DNase activity during the first treatment indicates a good clinical response; no decrease indicates a nonresponse to treatment (Phase I). The Phase II data can be used to predict the long-term evolution of the disease. In @entity1 who respond to therapy three types of variations of SADA are observed during this phase. A progressive regain of SADA up to a value exceeding the level of initial value (T0) correlates with a complete remission. An incomplete regain of activity corresponds to a partial remission. No regain of SADA precedes @entity204 .

title: Variations in serum alkaline DNase activity. A new means for therapeutic monitoring of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphomas']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['malignant lymphomas']


abstract: @entity413 - @entity948 oxidoreductase operates by a classic ping-pong mechanism with a single site for all substrates: @entity413 , @entity948 , @entity73329 and @entity5121 . The Km values for these substrates were determined. The values of kcat are 200 s-1 and 0.8 s-1 for the forward and reverse directions respectively. The overall catalytic process consists of two half-reactions with alternate reduction of @entity1110 + and oxidation of @entity1110 tightly bound to the enzyme. Reduction of enzyme- @entity1110 + by @entity413 and oxidation of enzyme- @entity1110 by @entity73329 involve single first-order processes. The values of the rate constants at saturating substrate are 2100 s-1 and 8 s-1 respectively; @entity6189 isotope effects indicate that these are for the @entity3884 transfer step. Oxidation of enzyme- @entity1110 by @entity948 is first order with a limiting rate constant of at least 430 s-1. The reaction of enzyme- @entity1110 + with @entity5121 is biphasic, with rate constants for both phases less than 1 s-1. This behaviour is explained by a mechanism in which the slow cyclisation of the acyclic form of @entity948 follows its dissociation from the enzyme. The rate-determining steps for the overall reaction are probably dissociation of @entity73329 in the forward direction and @entity3884 transfer from @entity5121 to enzyme-bound @entity1110 + in the reverse direction.

title: The kinetics of @entity413 - XXXX oxidoreductase from Zymomonas mobilis.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity73329 :: ('MESH:C010730', 'Chemical') :: ['gluconolactone']

entities_list: @entity5121 :: ('MESH:D013012', 'Chemical') :: ['sorbitol']

entities_list: @entity6189 :: ('MESH:D003903', 'Chemical') :: ['deuterium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity948 :: (MESH:D005632,Chemical) :: ['fructose']


abstract: @entity413 - @entity948 oxidoreductase operates by a classic ping-pong mechanism with a single site for all substrates: @entity413 , @entity948 , @entity73329 and @entity5121 . The Km values for these substrates were determined. The values of kcat are 200 s-1 and 0.8 s-1 for the forward and reverse directions respectively. The overall catalytic process consists of two half-reactions with alternate reduction of @entity1110 + and oxidation of @entity1110 tightly bound to the enzyme. Reduction of enzyme- @entity1110 + by @entity413 and oxidation of enzyme- @entity1110 by @entity73329 involve single first-order processes. The values of the rate constants at saturating substrate are 2100 s-1 and 8 s-1 respectively; @entity6189 isotope effects indicate that these are for the @entity3884 transfer step. Oxidation of enzyme- @entity1110 by @entity948 is first order with a limiting rate constant of at least 430 s-1. The reaction of enzyme- @entity1110 + with @entity5121 is biphasic, with rate constants for both phases less than 1 s-1. This behaviour is explained by a mechanism in which the slow cyclisation of the acyclic form of @entity948 follows its dissociation from the enzyme. The rate-determining steps for the overall reaction are probably dissociation of @entity73329 in the forward direction and @entity3884 transfer from @entity5121 to enzyme-bound @entity1110 + in the reverse direction.

title: The kinetics of XXXX - @entity948 oxidoreductase from Zymomonas mobilis.

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: @entity24585 secretion is tightly regulated by extracellular @entity460 ([ @entity141 ]e) and in turn regulates @entity460 homeostasis through its action on target tissues. We investigated the mechanism and physiological significance of intracellular @entity460 ([ @entity141 ]i) levels in relation to the secretion of @entity24585 in single @entity291 parathyroid cells. [ @entity141 ]i was recorded using digital imaging microscopy, and secretion of @entity24585 was correlated in the same cell using the reverse hemolytic plaque assay. In individual parathyroid cells, oscillations of [ @entity141 ]i were present in response to specific stimuli. Like secretory activity, response to [ @entity141 ]e concentrations was heterogeneous. Oscillations of [ @entity141 ]i occurred spontaneously in 22% of cells at inhibitory concentrations of [ @entity141 ]e. Oscillations were present only in high [ @entity141 ]e (> or = 1.8 mM) and not noted at lower concentrations of [ @entity141 ]e. The interval and amplitude of [ @entity141 ]i oscillations were 42 +/- 2 sec, and 20 +/- 1 nM (mean +/- SE), respectively. Oscillations were rapidly abolished when [ @entity141 ]e was removed by EGTA, and this effect was reversible. Addition of Mg2+ or polycationic antibiotics such as @entity5154 resulted in an [ @entity141 ]i spike, but oscillations were absent. @entity3740 , which blocks @entity141 influx through @entity460 channels in various cells, rarely caused oscillations even in the presence of high concentrations of [ @entity141 ]e. To test the role of @entity268 in [ @entity141 ]i oscillations, we added the beta-agonist @entity3044 . The addition of @entity3044 , however, did not cause oscillations. The number of cells that released @entity24585 was significantly lower in cells with oscillations compared with cells without oscillations. We suggest that spontaneous [ @entity141 ]i oscillations are due to the influx of [ @entity141 ]e through ion channels rather than release from [ @entity141 ]i stores and may be a specific intracellular signal associated with inhibition of @entity24585 secretion.

title: Spontaneous oscillations of intracellular @entity460 in single XXXX parathyroid cells may be associated with the inhibition of parathyroid hormone secretion.

entities_list: @entity3740 :: ('MESH:D007811', 'Chemical') :: ['Lanthanum']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity5154 :: ('MESH:D009355', 'Chemical') :: ['neomycin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: @entity24585 secretion is tightly regulated by extracellular @entity460 ([ @entity141 ]e) and in turn regulates @entity460 homeostasis through its action on target tissues. We investigated the mechanism and physiological significance of intracellular @entity460 ([ @entity141 ]i) levels in relation to the secretion of @entity24585 in single @entity291 parathyroid cells. [ @entity141 ]i was recorded using digital imaging microscopy, and secretion of @entity24585 was correlated in the same cell using the reverse hemolytic plaque assay. In individual parathyroid cells, oscillations of [ @entity141 ]i were present in response to specific stimuli. Like secretory activity, response to [ @entity141 ]e concentrations was heterogeneous. Oscillations of [ @entity141 ]i occurred spontaneously in 22% of cells at inhibitory concentrations of [ @entity141 ]e. Oscillations were present only in high [ @entity141 ]e (> or = 1.8 mM) and not noted at lower concentrations of [ @entity141 ]e. The interval and amplitude of [ @entity141 ]i oscillations were 42 +/- 2 sec, and 20 +/- 1 nM (mean +/- SE), respectively. Oscillations were rapidly abolished when [ @entity141 ]e was removed by EGTA, and this effect was reversible. Addition of Mg2+ or polycationic antibiotics such as @entity5154 resulted in an [ @entity141 ]i spike, but oscillations were absent. @entity3740 , which blocks @entity141 influx through @entity460 channels in various cells, rarely caused oscillations even in the presence of high concentrations of [ @entity141 ]e. To test the role of @entity268 in [ @entity141 ]i oscillations, we added the beta-agonist @entity3044 . The addition of @entity3044 , however, did not cause oscillations. The number of cells that released @entity24585 was significantly lower in cells with oscillations compared with cells without oscillations. We suggest that spontaneous [ @entity141 ]i oscillations are due to the influx of [ @entity141 ]e through ion channels rather than release from [ @entity141 ]i stores and may be a specific intracellular signal associated with inhibition of @entity24585 secretion.

title: Spontaneous oscillations of intracellular XXXX in single @entity291 parathyroid cells may be associated with the inhibition of parathyroid hormone secretion.

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: To investigate the behaviour of heart rate variability (HRV) with the advancing severity of @entity712 (CHF) we studied 20 normal subjects and 80 @entity453 ( @entity453 ) @entity1 in sinus rhythm. @entity453 @entity1 were selected consecutively in order to form four equal groups of 20 subjects with different degrees of CHF according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification. In each subject a 24 h ECG Holter tape was recorded and subsequently analysed to obtain measures of heart rate and HRV. We used several measures of HR and both spectral and non-spectral measures of HRV. Among these we employed the width of the R-R interval distribution over 24 h at three different heights (TV, 10%Var, 50%Var). The @entity453 group showed significantly lower HRV counts and smaller spectral components than controls. However, these differences were due to the presence of CHF rather than to @entity453 . Indeed, a progressive and significant increase in heart rate and a contemporary decrease in HRV was observed with the advancing severity of CHF. Class IV @entity1 had the smallest HR variation; the spectral composition in this group was barely detectable. The decrease in time domain measures of HRV followed the increase in NYHA Class in a progressive and regular pattern, while the low frequency and high frequency spectral power showed the largest reduction from NYHA Class I to NYHA Class II @entity1 . No significant change was demonstrated in NYHA Class I @entity1 as compared to Controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Heart rate variability and functional severity of XXXX secondary to @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['congestive heart failure']


abstract: To investigate the behaviour of heart rate variability (HRV) with the advancing severity of @entity712 (CHF) we studied 20 normal subjects and 80 @entity453 ( @entity453 ) @entity1 in sinus rhythm. @entity453 @entity1 were selected consecutively in order to form four equal groups of 20 subjects with different degrees of CHF according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification. In each subject a 24 h ECG Holter tape was recorded and subsequently analysed to obtain measures of heart rate and HRV. We used several measures of HR and both spectral and non-spectral measures of HRV. Among these we employed the width of the R-R interval distribution over 24 h at three different heights (TV, 10%Var, 50%Var). The @entity453 group showed significantly lower HRV counts and smaller spectral components than controls. However, these differences were due to the presence of CHF rather than to @entity453 . Indeed, a progressive and significant increase in heart rate and a contemporary decrease in HRV was observed with the advancing severity of CHF. Class IV @entity1 had the smallest HR variation; the spectral composition in this group was barely detectable. The decrease in time domain measures of HRV followed the increase in NYHA Class in a progressive and regular pattern, while the low frequency and high frequency spectral power showed the largest reduction from NYHA Class I to NYHA Class II @entity1 . No significant change was demonstrated in NYHA Class I @entity1 as compared to Controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Heart rate variability and functional severity of @entity712 secondary to XXXX .

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: @entity1 neutrophils harvested from skin chambers containing autologous serum in psoriatic @entity1 were compared with peripheral blood neutrophils by examining migration, phagocytosis, and oxidative activation. Random migration was reduced in exudate cells, whereas the chemotactic response to yeast-activated serum was evident not only in blood neutrophils, but also in exudate cells. The metabolic activation of exudate neutrophils, when stimulated with @entity5037 and measured as chemiluminescence, was enhanced by 50-400% compared to blood neutrophils. The chemiluminescence response to @entity4514 was on the other hand reduced to 35%. In the phagocytic assay, using C3bi- and IgG-opsonized @entity375 particles, exudate neutrophils from non-psoriatic healthy controls showed enhanced uptake of C3bi-coated @entity375 compared to blood neutrophils. In psoriatics, the blood neutrophils showed enhanced C3bi-mediated phagocytosis compared to non-psoriatic control cells. No further increase in C3bi-mediated phagocytosis was then seen in exudate cells from these patients. IgG-mediated phagocytosis was in contrast to C3bi similar between blood and exudate neutrophils in psoriatics and non-psoriatic controls. These experiments show that during exudation priming of different receptor-mediated processes can occur. However, no significant difference was observed between different functional capacities in exudate neutrophils from @entity1569 @entity1 and non-psoriatic controls.

title: Function of exudate neutrophils from skin in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity5037 :: ('MESH:D009240', 'Chemical') :: ['formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity4514 :: ('MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol myristate acetate']

answer: @entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis']


abstract: Latencies of lateral visually guided saccades were studied in 60 @entity1 without @entity1805 who had unilateral focal lesions clearly visible on computed tomographic (CT) scan that were variously located in both cerebral hemispheres. Significantly asymmetrical latencies were found in 29 @entity1 whose lesions had damaged the deep and posterior frontal region near the corpus callosum and/or, just inferior to this region, the anterior part of the internal capsule. In the 31 other @entity1 , including those with lesions of the @entity735 ( @entity735 ), latencies were not significantly asymmetrical and the lesions spared the entire region just described. These topographical features suggest that the asymmetry of latencies is due to damage in a certain portion of the efferent pathways descending from the @entity735 . A significant increase in bilateral latency was observed in most @entity1 whose lesions had damaged the posterior part of the parietal cortex and/or the underlying white matter. The parietal lobe could therefore exert an excitatory bilateral action on the triggering of visually guided saccades, probably mediated via the superior colliculus. A significant decrease in the bilateral or ipsilateral latency was often found in @entity1 whose lesions had damaged the @entity735 or the underlying white matter. The frontal lobe could therefore exert a predominantly inhibitory bilateral action on this triggering, probably also mediated via the superior colliculus. However, an increase in contralateral latency in some @entity1 with @entity75 indicates that the @entity735 also probably have an excitatory action. This action could be transmitted directly (or indirectly via the superior colliculus) to the reticular premotor structures by tracts decussating partly through the corpus callosum.

title: Latencies of visually guided saccades in unilateral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['FEF', 'frontal eye fields']

entities_list: @entity1805 :: ('MESH:D006423', 'Disease') :: ['hemianopia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['subcortical frontal lesions']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['hemispheric cerebral lesions']