abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of preoperative intravenous (IV) @entity1340 and preoperative @entity1340 infiltration of trocar sites on @entity282 and @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized study. SETTING: Operating room, recovery room, and surgical ward. @entity1 : 70 ASA physical status 1 and 2 @entity1 , aged 20-70 years, scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. INTERVENTIONS: In Group I, @entity1 received IV 2.0 mg/kg of @entity1340 ; in Group II, trocar insertion points were infiltrated with 2.0 mg/kg of @entity1340 in 20 mL of 0.9% @entity1219 . MEASUREMENTS: @entity158 scores, sedation scores, postoperative analgesic requirement, and @entity1209 were recorded at 0 and 30 minutes and one, three, 6, 12, and 24 hours. At 30 minutes and one hour, @entity158 localization (incisional or diffuse abdominal) was also recorded. MAIN RESULTS: Visual analog scale scores at 30 minutes were significantly lower in Group II [3 (0-7)] than Group I [6 (3-8)] (P < 0.001). In Group I, 91.4% of @entity1 received @entity3522 , while 68.6% of Group II @entity1 received @entity3522 (P = 0.002). The time to first analgesic requirement was significantly lower in Group II (P = 0.004). At the 30-minute measurement time, a significant difference was recorded between the groups in incisional @entity158 (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference between groups in the frequency of @entity1209 . CONCLUSIONS: Trocar site infiltration of @entity1340 improves early @entity282 and decreases @entity1209 .

title: Preincisional local infiltration of @entity1340 at the trocar site versus intravenous @entity1340 for XXXX control after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['PONV', 'postoperative nausea and vomiting']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of preoperative intravenous (IV) @entity1340 and preoperative @entity1340 infiltration of trocar sites on @entity282 and @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized study. SETTING: Operating room, recovery room, and surgical ward. @entity1 : 70 ASA physical status 1 and 2 @entity1 , aged 20-70 years, scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. INTERVENTIONS: In Group I, @entity1 received IV 2.0 mg/kg of @entity1340 ; in Group II, trocar insertion points were infiltrated with 2.0 mg/kg of @entity1340 in 20 mL of 0.9% @entity1219 . MEASUREMENTS: @entity158 scores, sedation scores, postoperative analgesic requirement, and @entity1209 were recorded at 0 and 30 minutes and one, three, 6, 12, and 24 hours. At 30 minutes and one hour, @entity158 localization (incisional or diffuse abdominal) was also recorded. MAIN RESULTS: Visual analog scale scores at 30 minutes were significantly lower in Group II [3 (0-7)] than Group I [6 (3-8)] (P < 0.001). In Group I, 91.4% of @entity1 received @entity3522 , while 68.6% of Group II @entity1 received @entity3522 (P = 0.002). The time to first analgesic requirement was significantly lower in Group II (P = 0.004). At the 30-minute measurement time, a significant difference was recorded between the groups in incisional @entity158 (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference between groups in the frequency of @entity1209 . CONCLUSIONS: Trocar site infiltration of @entity1340 improves early @entity282 and decreases @entity1209 .

title: Preincisional local infiltration of XXXX at the trocar site versus intravenous @entity1340 for @entity158 control after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

answer: @entity1340 :: (MESH:D014147,Chemical) :: ['tramadol']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of preoperative intravenous (IV) @entity1340 and preoperative @entity1340 infiltration of trocar sites on @entity282 and @entity1209 ( @entity1209 ) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized study. SETTING: Operating room, recovery room, and surgical ward. @entity1 : 70 ASA physical status 1 and 2 @entity1 , aged 20-70 years, scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. INTERVENTIONS: In Group I, @entity1 received IV 2.0 mg/kg of @entity1340 ; in Group II, trocar insertion points were infiltrated with 2.0 mg/kg of @entity1340 in 20 mL of 0.9% @entity1219 . MEASUREMENTS: @entity158 scores, sedation scores, postoperative analgesic requirement, and @entity1209 were recorded at 0 and 30 minutes and one, three, 6, 12, and 24 hours. At 30 minutes and one hour, @entity158 localization (incisional or diffuse abdominal) was also recorded. MAIN RESULTS: Visual analog scale scores at 30 minutes were significantly lower in Group II [3 (0-7)] than Group I [6 (3-8)] (P < 0.001). In Group I, 91.4% of @entity1 received @entity3522 , while 68.6% of Group II @entity1 received @entity3522 (P = 0.002). The time to first analgesic requirement was significantly lower in Group II (P = 0.004). At the 30-minute measurement time, a significant difference was recorded between the groups in incisional @entity158 (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference between groups in the frequency of @entity1209 . CONCLUSIONS: Trocar site infiltration of @entity1340 improves early @entity282 and decreases @entity1209 .

title: Preincisional local infiltration of @entity1340 at the trocar site versus intravenous XXXX for @entity158 control after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

answer: @entity1340 :: (MESH:D014147,Chemical) :: ['tramadol']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Lack of health insurance limits access to preventive services, including @entity5 screening. We examined the effects of Medicare eligibility on the appropriate use of @entity5 screening services in the United States. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor and Surveillance System (analyzed in 2014). Univariable and logistic regression analyses were performed for @entity1 aged 60-64 and 66-70 to examine the effects of Medicare eligibility on prevalence of self-reported screening for @entity0 . Sub-analyses were performed among low-income (< 25,000 annual/household) individuals. RESULTS: Medicare-eligible individuals were significantly more likely to undergo all examined preventive services ( @entity14 OR: 1.90; 95% CI 1.79-2.04; @entity263 OR: 1.29; 95% CI 1.17-1.43; @entity0 OR: 1.23; 95% CI 1.10-1.37) and the effect was most pronounced among low-income individuals ( @entity14 OR: 2.04; 95% CI 1.8-2.32; @entity263 OR: 1.39; 95% CI 1.12-1.72; @entity0 OR: 1.42, 95% CI 1.20-1.67). Access to a healthcare provider was the strongest independent predictor of undergoing appropriate screening, ranging from OR 2.73 (95% CI 2.20-3.39) for @entity14 screening in the low-income population to OR 4.79 (95% CI 3.95-5.81) for @entity0 screening in the overall cohort. The difference in screening prevalence was most pronounced when comparing Medicare-eligible @entity1 to uninsured Medicare-ineligible @entity1 (+33.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Medicare eligibility impacts the prevalence of @entity5 screening, likely as a result of increased access to primary care. Low-income individuals benefit most from Medicare eligibility. Expanded public insurance coverage to these individuals may improve access to preventive services.

title: The impact of Medicare eligibility on XXXX screening behaviors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation is the most common chromosomal translocation in @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ), but the cytogenetic and immunophenotypic features of @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32) remain to be fully elucidated. To address the issue, we retrospectively analyzed 21 newly diagnosed @entity1582 @entity1 with the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation in our institute. @entity2225 is a B-cell-specific transmembrane protein that is the topic of much focus as a potential target in immunotherapy. We observed a low incidence of @entity2225 expression (2 of 21 @entity1 , 11%), although the expression of @entity2225 was previously reported to be associated with t(11;14)(q13;q32). @entity5953 is an essential transcriptional factor involved in B-cell development and commitment, and is down-regulated upon plasma cell differentiation. We observed one @entity1 (6%) with expression of @entity5953 . The expression of @entity1075 , @entity2940 , and @entity13221 was detected in one (0.7%), nine (60%), and 13 @entity1 (87%), respectively. @entity4910 , @entity3053 , and @entity588 were detected in all @entity1 ; on the other hand, neither @entity4042 nor @entity57431 was detected in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Abnormalities of chromosome 13 were detected in six @entity1 (38%), but deletion of @entity876 was not observed in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Our results suggest the absence of @entity4042 and @entity57431 expression, and infrequent expression of @entity2225 , @entity5953 , and @entity2940 in @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32), in contrast to the findings of earlier reports. [J Clin Exp Hematop 55(3) : 137-143, 2015].

title: Cytogenetic Study and Analysis of Protein Expression in Plasma Cell Myeloma with t(11;14)(q13;q32): Absence of @entity4042 and XXXX , and Infrequent Expression of @entity2225 and @entity5953 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['plasma cell myeloma', 'PCM']

answer: @entity57431 :: (6664,Gene) :: ['SOX11']


abstract: The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation is the most common chromosomal translocation in @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ), but the cytogenetic and immunophenotypic features of @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32) remain to be fully elucidated. To address the issue, we retrospectively analyzed 21 newly diagnosed @entity1582 @entity1 with the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation in our institute. @entity2225 is a B-cell-specific transmembrane protein that is the topic of much focus as a potential target in immunotherapy. We observed a low incidence of @entity2225 expression (2 of 21 @entity1 , 11%), although the expression of @entity2225 was previously reported to be associated with t(11;14)(q13;q32). @entity5953 is an essential transcriptional factor involved in B-cell development and commitment, and is down-regulated upon plasma cell differentiation. We observed one @entity1 (6%) with expression of @entity5953 . The expression of @entity1075 , @entity2940 , and @entity13221 was detected in one (0.7%), nine (60%), and 13 @entity1 (87%), respectively. @entity4910 , @entity3053 , and @entity588 were detected in all @entity1 ; on the other hand, neither @entity4042 nor @entity57431 was detected in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Abnormalities of chromosome 13 were detected in six @entity1 (38%), but deletion of @entity876 was not observed in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Our results suggest the absence of @entity4042 and @entity57431 expression, and infrequent expression of @entity2225 , @entity5953 , and @entity2940 in @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32), in contrast to the findings of earlier reports. [J Clin Exp Hematop 55(3) : 137-143, 2015].

title: Cytogenetic Study and Analysis of Protein Expression in Plasma Cell Myeloma with t(11;14)(q13;q32): Absence of XXXX and @entity57431 , and Infrequent Expression of @entity2225 and @entity5953 .

answer: @entity4042 :: (604,Gene) :: ['BCL6']


abstract: The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation is the most common chromosomal translocation in @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ), but the cytogenetic and immunophenotypic features of @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32) remain to be fully elucidated. To address the issue, we retrospectively analyzed 21 newly diagnosed @entity1582 @entity1 with the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation in our institute. @entity2225 is a B-cell-specific transmembrane protein that is the topic of much focus as a potential target in immunotherapy. We observed a low incidence of @entity2225 expression (2 of 21 @entity1 , 11%), although the expression of @entity2225 was previously reported to be associated with t(11;14)(q13;q32). @entity5953 is an essential transcriptional factor involved in B-cell development and commitment, and is down-regulated upon plasma cell differentiation. We observed one @entity1 (6%) with expression of @entity5953 . The expression of @entity1075 , @entity2940 , and @entity13221 was detected in one (0.7%), nine (60%), and 13 @entity1 (87%), respectively. @entity4910 , @entity3053 , and @entity588 were detected in all @entity1 ; on the other hand, neither @entity4042 nor @entity57431 was detected in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Abnormalities of chromosome 13 were detected in six @entity1 (38%), but deletion of @entity876 was not observed in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Our results suggest the absence of @entity4042 and @entity57431 expression, and infrequent expression of @entity2225 , @entity5953 , and @entity2940 in @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32), in contrast to the findings of earlier reports. [J Clin Exp Hematop 55(3) : 137-143, 2015].

title: Cytogenetic Study and Analysis of Protein Expression in Plasma Cell Myeloma with t(11;14)(q13;q32): Absence of @entity4042 and @entity57431 , and Infrequent Expression of @entity2225 and XXXX .

answer: @entity5953 :: (5079,Gene) :: ['PAX5']


abstract: The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation is the most common chromosomal translocation in @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ), but the cytogenetic and immunophenotypic features of @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32) remain to be fully elucidated. To address the issue, we retrospectively analyzed 21 newly diagnosed @entity1582 @entity1 with the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation in our institute. @entity2225 is a B-cell-specific transmembrane protein that is the topic of much focus as a potential target in immunotherapy. We observed a low incidence of @entity2225 expression (2 of 21 @entity1 , 11%), although the expression of @entity2225 was previously reported to be associated with t(11;14)(q13;q32). @entity5953 is an essential transcriptional factor involved in B-cell development and commitment, and is down-regulated upon plasma cell differentiation. We observed one @entity1 (6%) with expression of @entity5953 . The expression of @entity1075 , @entity2940 , and @entity13221 was detected in one (0.7%), nine (60%), and 13 @entity1 (87%), respectively. @entity4910 , @entity3053 , and @entity588 were detected in all @entity1 ; on the other hand, neither @entity4042 nor @entity57431 was detected in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Abnormalities of chromosome 13 were detected in six @entity1 (38%), but deletion of @entity876 was not observed in any of the evaluated @entity1 . Our results suggest the absence of @entity4042 and @entity57431 expression, and infrequent expression of @entity2225 , @entity5953 , and @entity2940 in @entity1582 with t(11;14)(q13;q32), in contrast to the findings of earlier reports. [J Clin Exp Hematop 55(3) : 137-143, 2015].

title: Cytogenetic Study and Analysis of Protein Expression in Plasma Cell Myeloma with t(11;14)(q13;q32): Absence of @entity4042 and @entity57431 , and Infrequent Expression of XXXX and @entity5953 .

answer: @entity2225 :: (54474,Gene) :: ['CD20']


abstract: BACKGROUND: New or worsening @entity79 in @entity1 responding to treatment, known as the flare phenomenon is well described on @entity32621 bone scintigraphy, but to our knowledge has not previously been described on CT. The appearance of new or worsening @entity79 on CT in @entity1 with @entity263 may therefore be erroneously classified as disease progression. PURPOSE: To assess the incidence of @entity446 flare response at 3-month CT assessment in @entity1 with castrate-resistant @entity263 and to identify associated features that enable differentiation from progressive metastatic @entity79 at 3 months. MATERIAL AND METHODS: CT scans of 67 @entity1 with castrate-resistant @entity263 undergoing treatment were reviewed by a radiologist blinded to clinical outcome. Changes in number, size, and density of metastatic @entity79 were documented and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) in soft tissue lesions, alkaline phosphatase, @entity1486 , and @entity32621 bone scans were used for correlation. RESULTS: Of the 39 @entity1 who had 3- and 6-month follow-up, eight @entity1 (21%) demonstrated an increase in number, size, or density of @entity75 on the 3-month CT scan despite improvement in PSA and soft tissue lesions. Three out of eight @entity1 (8%) maintained partial response/remained stable at follow-up and were defined as showing a flare response: in this group bone metastases evident on CT showed a qualitative and quantitative increase in density and no lesions faded at 3 months. In contrast, in all @entity1 who progressed at 3 months by PSA/RECIST criteria (n = 8) @entity79 showed a mixed pattern with some lesions increasing and others decreasing in density. CONCLUSION: The incidence of flare response of metastatic @entity79 evident at 3-month post-treatment CT in @entity1 with @entity263 undergoing systemic treatment is 8%. In @entity1 with falling PSA and stable/responding soft tissue disease at 3 months an increase in @entity79 in the absence of fading bone metastases can be interpreted as flare and is likely to represent a response.

title: The CT flare response of metastatic @entity79 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['sclerotic lesions']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone lesions', 'bone sclerosis', 'bone disease']

entities_list: @entity446 :: ('MESH:C563468', 'Disease') :: ['osteoblastic healing']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: New or worsening @entity79 in @entity1 responding to treatment, known as the flare phenomenon is well described on @entity32621 bone scintigraphy, but to our knowledge has not previously been described on CT. The appearance of new or worsening @entity79 on CT in @entity1 with @entity263 may therefore be erroneously classified as disease progression. PURPOSE: To assess the incidence of @entity446 flare response at 3-month CT assessment in @entity1 with castrate-resistant @entity263 and to identify associated features that enable differentiation from progressive metastatic @entity79 at 3 months. MATERIAL AND METHODS: CT scans of 67 @entity1 with castrate-resistant @entity263 undergoing treatment were reviewed by a radiologist blinded to clinical outcome. Changes in number, size, and density of metastatic @entity79 were documented and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) in soft tissue lesions, alkaline phosphatase, @entity1486 , and @entity32621 bone scans were used for correlation. RESULTS: Of the 39 @entity1 who had 3- and 6-month follow-up, eight @entity1 (21%) demonstrated an increase in number, size, or density of @entity75 on the 3-month CT scan despite improvement in PSA and soft tissue lesions. Three out of eight @entity1 (8%) maintained partial response/remained stable at follow-up and were defined as showing a flare response: in this group bone metastases evident on CT showed a qualitative and quantitative increase in density and no lesions faded at 3 months. In contrast, in all @entity1 who progressed at 3 months by PSA/RECIST criteria (n = 8) @entity79 showed a mixed pattern with some lesions increasing and others decreasing in density. CONCLUSION: The incidence of flare response of metastatic @entity79 evident at 3-month post-treatment CT in @entity1 with @entity263 undergoing systemic treatment is 8%. In @entity1 with falling PSA and stable/responding soft tissue disease at 3 months an increase in @entity79 in the absence of fading bone metastases can be interpreted as flare and is likely to represent a response.

title: The CT flare response of metastatic XXXX in @entity263 .

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence and findings of tuberculous invasion of the peripheral bronchus have not been fully investigated with MDCT. Purpose To evaluate the prevalence and findings of MDCT abnormalities of small- and medium-sized bronchus (SMB) in active @entity1907 ( @entity378 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using multiplanar reformation, 35 consecutive MDCT scans (follow-up exams available in 14 @entity1 with a mean interval of 8.1 months) were assessed for following abnormalities of SMB: bronchial impaction (BI), wall thickening, dilatation, peribronchial cuff of soft tissue, and bronchocavitary fistula. It was also assessed whether tree-in-buds (TIB) have a tendency to distribute in the territories of diseased SMB, and whether @entity854 are present in @entity1 with relatively mild disease. RESULTS: @entity854 were observed in 23 (65.7%) @entity1 with active @entity378 . The most frequent finding was wall thickening (n = 18, 51.4%), followed by BI (n = 13, 37.1%; zigzag-shaped in four), dilatation (n = 11, 31.4%), amputated appearance of air column (n = 11, 31.4%), peribronchial cuff of soft tissue (n = 10, 28.6%), and bronchocavitary fistula (n =8, 22.9%). TIB (n = 29; absent in two @entity1 with SMB) was mainly within (n = 14) or close to (n = 4) the territory of diseased SMB. Follow-up CT frequently showed improvement of wall thickening (11/12) and persistence of bronchial dilatation (11/13). SMB abnormality was present in all of six @entity1 with mild disease. CONCLUSION: MDCT shows that tuberculous invasion of the peripheral bronchus may be more frequent than previously thought, of which findings include wall thickening, BI, dilatation, amputated appearance of air column, peribronchial cuff of soft tissue and bronchocavitary fistula.

title: MDCT abnormalities of small- and medium-sized bronchus in active XXXX : a new angle on an old disease.

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['SMB abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']

answer: @entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The morphological analysis prior to endovascular @entity439 repair (EVAR) plays an important role in long-term outcomes. Post-imaging analysis of computed tomographic angiography (CTA) by three-dimensional reconstruction with central lumen line detection ( @entity1072 3D-CTA) enables measurements to be made in orthogonal slices. This might be more precise than equal post-imaging analysis in axial slices by two-dimensional computed tomographic angiography (2D-CTA). PURPOSE: To evaluate the intra- and interobserver variability of @entity1072 3D-CTA and 2D-CTA post-imaging analysis methods and the agreement between them in pre-EVAR suitability analysis of @entity1 with @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Anonymized CTA data-sets from 70 @entity1 with @entity1028 were analyzed retrospectively. Length measurements included proximal and distal aortic neck lengths and total distance from the lower renal artery to the higher iliac bifurcation. Width measurements included proximal and distal neck diameters, maximum @entity1028 diameter and common iliac diameters just above the iliac bifurcations. The measurements were performed in random order by two vascular surgeons, twice per method with 1-month interval between readings. In the @entity1072 3D-CTA method we used semi-automated @entity1072 detection by software and manual measurements on CTA slices perpendicular to @entity1072 . The equal measurements in 2D-CTA were performed manually on axial CTA slices using a DICOM viewer workstation. The intra- and interobserver variability, as well as the agreement between the two methods were assessed by Bland-Altman test and bivariate correlation analysis. RESULTS: The intraobserver variability was significantly higher in 2D-CTA measurements for both readers. The interobserver variability was significant in 2D-CTA measurements of proximal neck dimensions while the agreement in @entity1072 3D-CTA analysis between the two readers was excellent in all studied parameters. The agreement between the two suitability analysis techniques was poor for both readers, especially in measurements of proximal neck's dimensions and in total aortoiliac length (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: In pre-EVAR morphological evaluation of AAAs the @entity1072 -3D CTA post-imaging analysis has better intra- and interobserver correlation than 2D-CTA and might represent a useful tool for the proper selection of endograft's type and size.

title: Two-dimensional versus three-dimensional CT angiography in analysis of anatomical suitability for stentgraft repair of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity157 ( @entity157 ) is a life-threatening condition accompanied by @entity548 . @entity887 (TAE/ @entity3375 ) can be used as the first-line treatment to achieve initial homeostasis. PURPOSE: To investigate the outcome of TAE/ @entity3375 for spontaneous @entity157 and to determine the prognostic factors affecting survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinicoradiologic data of 47 @entity1 (8 @entity1 , 39 @entity1 ; median age 64.4 years) with serum @entity648 levels <3.0 mg/dL that underwent TAE/ @entity3375 for @entity157 between January 2004 and June 2010. Survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and prognostic factors of poor survival were obtained by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The clinical success rate of TAE/ @entity3375 was 94% (44/47). The median survival time was 179.6 days. The 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month survival rates were 75%, 54%, 48%, and 43%, respectively. Old age, a previous history of @entity3375 for @entity157 , low initial hemoglobin level, higher blood transfusion requirement, @entity1 -Pugh class C, high serum @entity648 level, low serum albumin level, prolonged prothrombin time, high serum @entity1011 level on admission, presence of @entity75 , severe @entity843 , lobar TAE/ @entity3375 , presence of @entity715 , and @entity5 involving both lobes were associated with poor survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that higher blood transfusion requirement, @entity1 -Pugh class C, presence of @entity715 , and @entity5 involving both lobes were significant predictors of poor survival. CONCLUSION: TAE/ @entity3375 is effective for achieving initial hemostasis, which is critical to survival. Regardless of successful TAE/ @entity3375 , the survival rate in @entity1 with @entity1 -Pugh class C remains poor. @entity715 and @entity5 extent are significant image parameters for predicting survival after TAE/ @entity3375 for @entity157 .

title: Outcome and prognostic factors of spontaneous XXXX treated with transarterial embolization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['Transarterial embolization/chemoembolization']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'ruptured HCC', 'Rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['portal vein thrombosis', 'Portal vein thrombosis']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cancer antigen (CA) 125 is a glycoprotein that provides data on the state of the peritoneal membrane in @entity298 ( @entity298 ). @entity650 ( @entity650 ) acts as a mediator in acute-phase responses. The study evaluated the usefulness of @entity10224 and @entity650 in random effluent samples, by assessing their variability in individual @entity1 during clinical practice at the outpatient department. METHODS: This longitudinal prospective study was conducted from 2007 till 2009. @entity1 included 52 stable @entity298 @entity1 aged >=  18 years. Effluent samples were obtained during regular outpatient visits and appearance rates (ARs) were calculated. Inter- and intra-individual variability was determined by the coefficient of variation (CV). A linear mixed model was used to analyse time courses. Furthermore, release patterns of these effluent markers were studied. RESULTS: @entity10224 -AR of short-term @entity1 ( <= 24 months) ranged from 39.2 to 766.7 U/min and @entity650 -AR from 15.5 to 220.0 pg/min. Long-term @entity1 (>=  25 months) had a @entity10224 -AR of 7.3-1534.0 U/min and @entity650 -AR of 6.9-956.4 pg/min. Overall, CV(intra) was 15% in effluent @entity10224 -AR and 28% in @entity650 -AR. Intermediate sampling during a 4-h dwell showed a linear increase of @entity10224 and @entity650 effluent concentrations. The trend of @entity10224 -AR was different (P = 0.001) between short- and long-term @entity1 . A negative relationship was found between @entity10224 (r = -0.44, P = 0.02) and @entity298 duration. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical relevance of effluent @entity10224 determinations from an unstandardized dwell during every outpatient visit is reasonable, as judged from the CV(intra). The inferior CV(intra) values of ARs as compared to effluent values indicate that ARs should only be calculated under standardized conditions. A single @entity650 measurement, as a predictor of outcome, should be interpreted cautiously.

title: Variability of effluent cancer antigen 125 and XXXX determination in @entity298 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

answer: @entity650 :: (3569,Gene) :: ['interleukin-6']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cancer antigen (CA) 125 is a glycoprotein that provides data on the state of the peritoneal membrane in @entity298 ( @entity298 ). @entity650 ( @entity650 ) acts as a mediator in acute-phase responses. The study evaluated the usefulness of @entity10224 and @entity650 in random effluent samples, by assessing their variability in individual @entity1 during clinical practice at the outpatient department. METHODS: This longitudinal prospective study was conducted from 2007 till 2009. @entity1 included 52 stable @entity298 @entity1 aged >=  18 years. Effluent samples were obtained during regular outpatient visits and appearance rates (ARs) were calculated. Inter- and intra-individual variability was determined by the coefficient of variation (CV). A linear mixed model was used to analyse time courses. Furthermore, release patterns of these effluent markers were studied. RESULTS: @entity10224 -AR of short-term @entity1 ( <= 24 months) ranged from 39.2 to 766.7 U/min and @entity650 -AR from 15.5 to 220.0 pg/min. Long-term @entity1 (>=  25 months) had a @entity10224 -AR of 7.3-1534.0 U/min and @entity650 -AR of 6.9-956.4 pg/min. Overall, CV(intra) was 15% in effluent @entity10224 -AR and 28% in @entity650 -AR. Intermediate sampling during a 4-h dwell showed a linear increase of @entity10224 and @entity650 effluent concentrations. The trend of @entity10224 -AR was different (P = 0.001) between short- and long-term @entity1 . A negative relationship was found between @entity10224 (r = -0.44, P = 0.02) and @entity298 duration. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical relevance of effluent @entity10224 determinations from an unstandardized dwell during every outpatient visit is reasonable, as judged from the CV(intra). The inferior CV(intra) values of ARs as compared to effluent values indicate that ARs should only be calculated under standardized conditions. A single @entity650 measurement, as a predictor of outcome, should be interpreted cautiously.

title: Variability of effluent cancer antigen 125 and @entity650 determination in XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritoneal dialysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cancer antigen (CA) 125 is a glycoprotein that provides data on the state of the peritoneal membrane in @entity298 ( @entity298 ). @entity650 ( @entity650 ) acts as a mediator in acute-phase responses. The study evaluated the usefulness of @entity10224 and @entity650 in random effluent samples, by assessing their variability in individual @entity1 during clinical practice at the outpatient department. METHODS: This longitudinal prospective study was conducted from 2007 till 2009. @entity1 included 52 stable @entity298 @entity1 aged >=  18 years. Effluent samples were obtained during regular outpatient visits and appearance rates (ARs) were calculated. Inter- and intra-individual variability was determined by the coefficient of variation (CV). A linear mixed model was used to analyse time courses. Furthermore, release patterns of these effluent markers were studied. RESULTS: @entity10224 -AR of short-term @entity1 ( <= 24 months) ranged from 39.2 to 766.7 U/min and @entity650 -AR from 15.5 to 220.0 pg/min. Long-term @entity1 (>=  25 months) had a @entity10224 -AR of 7.3-1534.0 U/min and @entity650 -AR of 6.9-956.4 pg/min. Overall, CV(intra) was 15% in effluent @entity10224 -AR and 28% in @entity650 -AR. Intermediate sampling during a 4-h dwell showed a linear increase of @entity10224 and @entity650 effluent concentrations. The trend of @entity10224 -AR was different (P = 0.001) between short- and long-term @entity1 . A negative relationship was found between @entity10224 (r = -0.44, P = 0.02) and @entity298 duration. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical relevance of effluent @entity10224 determinations from an unstandardized dwell during every outpatient visit is reasonable, as judged from the CV(intra). The inferior CV(intra) values of ARs as compared to effluent values indicate that ARs should only be calculated under standardized conditions. A single @entity650 measurement, as a predictor of outcome, should be interpreted cautiously.

title: Variability of effluent cancer antigen 125 and @entity650 determination in @entity298 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity13101 (SA) has been implicated in @entity551 episodes of haemodialysis because of its vasodilatory effects. The haemodynamic correlates of the changes in blood pressure, cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) are well known but the site of action of SA (i.e. arteriolar, venular or both) is not yet clarified. We thus studied the changes in CO, TPR and mean arterial pressure (MAP) induced by four graded doses of SA (0.034 to 0.300 mEq/kg/min) in seven normal @entity235 . To evaluate the site of vasodilation we also measured the changes in cardiopulmonary volume ( @entity24715 ), mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) and mean transit time ( @entity98 ). From control to the highest infusion rate, CO increased from 1.63 +/- 0.20 to 3.59 +/- 0.38L/min (p less than 0.001), TPR decreased from 78.2 +/- 11.3 to 36.4 +/- 4.8A.U. (p less than 0.001). MAP rose significantly from 107.2 +/- 4.0 to 116.5 +/- 8.5 mmHg (p less than 0.05) and @entity64 volume was maintained (17.2 +/- 2.3 to 19.6 +/- 2.1 ml, NS) in spite of the marked @entity591 observed (heart rate from 106.1 +/- 7.6 to 194.8 +/- 9.1bpm, p less than 0.001). This was associated with increases in MPAP (from 13.3 +/- 0.7 to 19.6 +/- 2.1mmHg, p less than 0.01) and @entity24715 (from 195.0 +/- 21.3 to 224.4 +/- 24.3ml, p less than 0.01) and marked decrease in @entity98 (from 7.74 +/- 0.73 to 3.78 +/- 0.22 sec, p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX , an arterial vasodilator: haemodynamic characterisation in normal @entity235 .

entities_list: @entity13101 :: ('MESH:D019346', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium acetate']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

answer: @entity13101 :: (MESH:D019346,Chemical) :: ['Sodium acetate']


abstract: @entity13101 (SA) has been implicated in @entity551 episodes of haemodialysis because of its vasodilatory effects. The haemodynamic correlates of the changes in blood pressure, cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) are well known but the site of action of SA (i.e. arteriolar, venular or both) is not yet clarified. We thus studied the changes in CO, TPR and mean arterial pressure (MAP) induced by four graded doses of SA (0.034 to 0.300 mEq/kg/min) in seven normal @entity235 . To evaluate the site of vasodilation we also measured the changes in cardiopulmonary volume ( @entity24715 ), mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) and mean transit time ( @entity98 ). From control to the highest infusion rate, CO increased from 1.63 +/- 0.20 to 3.59 +/- 0.38L/min (p less than 0.001), TPR decreased from 78.2 +/- 11.3 to 36.4 +/- 4.8A.U. (p less than 0.001). MAP rose significantly from 107.2 +/- 4.0 to 116.5 +/- 8.5 mmHg (p less than 0.05) and @entity64 volume was maintained (17.2 +/- 2.3 to 19.6 +/- 2.1 ml, NS) in spite of the marked @entity591 observed (heart rate from 106.1 +/- 7.6 to 194.8 +/- 9.1bpm, p less than 0.001). This was associated with increases in MPAP (from 13.3 +/- 0.7 to 19.6 +/- 2.1mmHg, p less than 0.01) and @entity24715 (from 195.0 +/- 21.3 to 224.4 +/- 24.3ml, p less than 0.01) and marked decrease in @entity98 (from 7.74 +/- 0.73 to 3.78 +/- 0.22 sec, p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity13101 , an arterial vasodilator: haemodynamic characterisation in normal XXXX .

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: AIM(S): Little is known about the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of @entity801 in newborns undergoing controlled @entity2332 after suffering from @entity2806 due to perinatal @entity1763 . This study prospectively evaluates and describes the population PK of @entity801 in these @entity1 . METHODS: Demographic-, clinical-, and laboratory data of @entity1 included in a multicenter prospective observational cohort study (the "PharmaCool Study") were collected. A non-linear mixed-effects regression analysis (NONMEM(  ) ) was performed to describe the population PK of @entity801 . The most optimal dosing regimen was evaluated based on simulations of the final model. RESULTS: A total of 47 @entity1 receiving @entity801 were included in the analysis. The PK was best described by an allometric 2-compartment model with gestational age (GA) as a covariate on clearance (Cl). During @entity2332 the Cl of a typical @entity1 (3   kg, GA 40   weeks, 2   days post natal age (PNA)) was 0.06   L/kg   h(-1) (inter-individual variability (IIV) 26.6%) and volume of distribution of the central compartment (Vc) was 0.46   L   kg(-1) (IIV 40.8%). Cl was constant during @entity2332 and rewarming, but increased with 29% after reaching normothermia (>96   hours PNA). CONCLUSIONS: This study describes the PK of @entity801 in neonates undergoing controlled @entity2332 . The 29% higher Cl in the normothermic phase compared to the preceding phases suggests a delay in normalization of Cl after rewarming has occurred. Based on simulations we recommend an empiric dose of 5   mg   kg(-1) every 36   hours or every 24   hours for @entity1 with GA 36-40 weeks and GA 42   weeks, respectively. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Altered XXXX pharmacokinetics in term neonates undergoing controlled @entity2332 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity801 :: (MESH:D005839,Chemical) :: ['gentamicin']


abstract: AIM(S): Little is known about the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of @entity801 in newborns undergoing controlled @entity2332 after suffering from @entity2806 due to perinatal @entity1763 . This study prospectively evaluates and describes the population PK of @entity801 in these @entity1 . METHODS: Demographic-, clinical-, and laboratory data of @entity1 included in a multicenter prospective observational cohort study (the "PharmaCool Study") were collected. A non-linear mixed-effects regression analysis (NONMEM(  ) ) was performed to describe the population PK of @entity801 . The most optimal dosing regimen was evaluated based on simulations of the final model. RESULTS: A total of 47 @entity1 receiving @entity801 were included in the analysis. The PK was best described by an allometric 2-compartment model with gestational age (GA) as a covariate on clearance (Cl). During @entity2332 the Cl of a typical @entity1 (3   kg, GA 40   weeks, 2   days post natal age (PNA)) was 0.06   L/kg   h(-1) (inter-individual variability (IIV) 26.6%) and volume of distribution of the central compartment (Vc) was 0.46   L   kg(-1) (IIV 40.8%). Cl was constant during @entity2332 and rewarming, but increased with 29% after reaching normothermia (>96   hours PNA). CONCLUSIONS: This study describes the PK of @entity801 in neonates undergoing controlled @entity2332 . The 29% higher Cl in the normothermic phase compared to the preceding phases suggests a delay in normalization of Cl after rewarming has occurred. Based on simulations we recommend an empiric dose of 5   mg   kg(-1) every 36   hours or every 24   hours for @entity1 with GA 36-40 weeks and GA 42   weeks, respectively. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Altered @entity801 pharmacokinetics in term neonates undergoing controlled XXXX .

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['hypothermia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate if decompression surgery produces changes in retrobulbar blood flow parameters in @entity6875 ( @entity6875 ). METHODS: Retrobulbar blood vessels of 26 eyes (14 @entity1 ) that underwent orbital bone decompression between June 2009 and May 2010 were measured prospectively using color Doppler ultrasound before and after surgery. The disease was inactive in all @entity1 enrolled according to the European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy. @entity1 were classified with mild, moderate-to-severe, or sight-threatening disease. All @entity1 underwent a full ophthalmic examination including intraocular pressure and Hertel measurement. An age-matched control group included 20 eyes of 20 healthy volunteers. RESULTS: The resistance indexes (RIs) in the central retinal artery (CRA) and @entity432 ( @entity432 ) were significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity6875 preoperatively than in the control group (P < 0.001, P = 0.001 respectively). After decompression surgery, a significant decrease in RIs occurred in the CRA (5%) and @entity432 (6%) (P = 0.002, P < 0.001 respectively). Proptosis was decreased a median of 6 mm (range, 4-7). Three-wall decompression surgery resulted in a significantly greater reduction in exophthalmos (median 7 mm) compared with two-wall surgery (median 5 mm) and one-wall surgery (2.5 mm). Although no significant correlation was found, the RIs decreased more with major reductions in exophthalmos. CONCLUSIONS: In inactive moderate-to-severe @entity6875 , the RIs of the CRA and @entity432 are higher than in normal subjects. The authors hypothesized that increased RIs of inactive @entity6875 may be due to orbital extrinsic compression of vascular structures because decompression surgery leads to decreases in the RIs of both the CRA and @entity432 .

title: Retrobulbar ocular blood flow changes after orbital decompression in XXXX measured by color Doppler imaging.

entities_list: @entity6875 :: ('MESH:D049970', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' ophthalmopathy", 'GO']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'ophthalmic artery']

answer: @entity6875 :: (MESH:D049970,Disease) :: ['Graves' ophthalmopathy']


abstract: In genome-wide association (GWA) studies, hundreds of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are tested for association with a disease trait. Typically, GWA studies give equal consideration to all SNPs tested, regardless of existing knowledge of an SNP's functionality or biological plausibility of association. Because many tests are conducted, very low statistical significance thresholds (P < 5   10(-8)) are required to identify true associations with confidence. By restricting GWA analyses to SNPs with enhanced prior probabilities of association, we can reduce the number of tests conducted and relax the required significance threshold, increasing power to detect association. In this analysis of existing GWA data on @entity788 cases (n = 1,736) and controls (n = 1,802) of European descent (the PanScan study), we conduct a GWA scan restricted to SNPs that have been reported to associate with @entity1 phenotypes in previous GWA studies (with P < 5   10(-8)). Using this method, we drastically reduce the number of tests conducted (from ~550,000 to 1,087) and test only SNPs that are known to be (or tag) variants that influence @entity1 biological processes. Of the 1,087 SNPs tested, the strongest association observed was for @entity5448 SNP @entity72833 (P = 3   10(-5); P(Bonferroni) = 0.03), an SNP known to associate with circulating @entity1851 . This association was replicated in an independent sample of 1,094 cases and 1,165 controls (P = 0.02), producing a highly significant association in the combined data sets (P = 2   10(-6); P(Bonferroni) = 0.002). The @entity5448 region also harbors variants that influence several @entity1 traits, including maturity-onset @entity6 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , and N-glycan levels. This novel "pleiotropy scan" method may be useful for identifying susceptibility loci for other @entity5 phenotypes.

title: Genome-wide "pleiotropy scan" identifies @entity5448 region as a novel XXXX susceptibility locus.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes of the young, type 2 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: In genome-wide association (GWA) studies, hundreds of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are tested for association with a disease trait. Typically, GWA studies give equal consideration to all SNPs tested, regardless of existing knowledge of an SNP's functionality or biological plausibility of association. Because many tests are conducted, very low statistical significance thresholds (P < 5   10(-8)) are required to identify true associations with confidence. By restricting GWA analyses to SNPs with enhanced prior probabilities of association, we can reduce the number of tests conducted and relax the required significance threshold, increasing power to detect association. In this analysis of existing GWA data on @entity788 cases (n = 1,736) and controls (n = 1,802) of European descent (the PanScan study), we conduct a GWA scan restricted to SNPs that have been reported to associate with @entity1 phenotypes in previous GWA studies (with P < 5   10(-8)). Using this method, we drastically reduce the number of tests conducted (from ~550,000 to 1,087) and test only SNPs that are known to be (or tag) variants that influence @entity1 biological processes. Of the 1,087 SNPs tested, the strongest association observed was for @entity5448 SNP @entity72833 (P = 3   10(-5); P(Bonferroni) = 0.03), an SNP known to associate with circulating @entity1851 . This association was replicated in an independent sample of 1,094 cases and 1,165 controls (P = 0.02), producing a highly significant association in the combined data sets (P = 2   10(-6); P(Bonferroni) = 0.002). The @entity5448 region also harbors variants that influence several @entity1 traits, including maturity-onset @entity6 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , and N-glycan levels. This novel "pleiotropy scan" method may be useful for identifying susceptibility loci for other @entity5 phenotypes.

title: Genome-wide "pleiotropy scan" identifies XXXX region as a novel @entity788 susceptibility locus.

answer: @entity5448 :: (6927,Gene) :: ['HNF1A']


abstract: Lesions of the tissue surrounding the preoptic recess (anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) region) have been shown to severely impair normal mechanisms of body fluid homeostasis, including the antidiuretic response. In an earlier investigation of the pathways affected by these lesions, coronal cuts were placed between the level of the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis in the AV3V region and the level of the supraoptic nuclei. @entity35 with such cuts exhibited hyperdipsia and @entity2011 , but their plasma levels of @entity6085 ( @entity6085 ) were elevated. The fine structure of the supraoptic nucleus, a major site of @entity6085 production, and of the neural lobe of the hypophysis, where @entity6085 is released, were observed in @entity35 with similar cuts. Although neural lobes showed evidence of hormone depletion and degenerating axons and terminals were present in supraoptic nuclei, there was no morphological evidence that neurosecretory cell bodies in supraoptic nuclei were affected by these cuts. Therefore, in this investigation we observed the ultrastructural effects of such cuts on paraventricular nuclei, which are the other major source of @entity6085 . Degenerating axons and terminals were common in paraventricular nuclei of lesioned @entity35 , both in the major magnocellular subnucleus and in the periventricular region. Cell bodies and nuclei of neurosecretory cells were not significantly larger in lesioned animals, but morphometric evaluations revealed dispersion of the Golgi complex and alterations in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the cells. In addition, more multiple nucleoli were present, and nucleoli tended to lie adjacent to the nuclear envelope more frequently. We conclude that the neurosecretory cells in the paraventricular nuclei become more active in @entity35 with these knife cuts.

title: The effects of transverse cuts caudal to the preoptic recess on the fine structure of paraventricular nuclei in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6085 :: ('MESH:D007177', 'Disease') :: ['ADH', 'antidiuretic hormone']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: A lectin with a @entity3913 specificity was isolated from the cerebellum of young @entity35 . The method of purification was based on the observation that during homogenization of the tissue, the lectin binds to a class of @entity3913 -rich glycoproteins highly insoluble in Triton X-100. Sequential extractions in saline buffer devoid of, then containing, 0.5% @entity6000 allowed the elimination of a great part of other proteins. Using the same buffer containing 0.5 M @entity3913 , a specific class of protein can be solubilized. This fraction was enriched by affinity adsorption on insolubilized @entity3913 -rich glycoproteins followed by specific detachment with @entity3913 . One of the protein subunits, of molecular weight (MW) 130,000, was isolated by preparative gel electrophoresis. Upon re-electrophoresis, this compound gives two bands of MW 65,000 and 130,000, which appear to be a monomer and a dimer of a molecule called R1. Antibodies were raised against R1 which react with the monomer and the dimer and not against other proteins of the @entity35 cerebellum. The immunohistochemical localization of this lectin was performed in cerebella of 20-day-old rats. The antigen is concentrated in endothelial cells and in large and intermediate size neurons (Purkinje, Golgi, basket and deep nuclei neurons). Granule cell bodies are lightly stained and no label at all was found in glial cells. At the level of electron microscopy, the antigen was found to be very concentrated in multivesicular bodies and lysosomes of large neurons, on parts of the endoplasmic reticulum, on some mitochondrial outer membranes and on the plasma membrane of the dendrites. The possible role of this lectin in cerebella of young @entity35 is discussed in relation to its interaction with a specific class of @entity3913 -rich glycoproteins.

title: Isolation and immunohistochemical localization of a lectin-like molecule from the XXXX cerebellum.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the characteristics of central corneal thickness and its association with age, sex, and intraocular pressure in a Nepalese population. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study design was a cross-sectional, population-based survey. Two thousand three hundred thirty @entity1 aged 40 years and older were examined at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, a @entity735 centre in Kathmandu, Nepal. All @entity1 underwent a complete ophthalmic examination that included measurements of central corneal thickness with an ultrasonic pachymeter and intraocular pressure with a Goldman type applanation tonometer. RESULTS: The main outcome measures were central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure. Mean age of the 2330 @entity1 examined was 51.3 years (SD  9.56). The mean central corneal thickness and mean intraocular pressure was 539.10  m (SD  33.73) and 13.33 mm Hg (SD  2.26), respectively. Central corneal thickness showed an average decrease of 2.67  m (95% confidence interval, 2.21-4.1) per decade increase in age. A 100  m increase in central corneal thickness was associated with a 1.03 mm Hg (95% confidence interval, 0.79-1.26) increase in intraocular pressure after adjusting for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS: The changes in central corneal thickness values cause a significant variation in intraocular pressure in this population, suggesting that measurement of central corneal thickness will have implications in the diagnosis and management of @entity726 .

title: Central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in a Nepalese population: the Bhaktapur XXXX Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['tertiary referral eye']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['Glaucoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of traumatic craniocervical @entity4066 varies in published @entity130 series. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of traumatic craniocervical @entity1317 in @entity1230 @entity1 by using standardized whole-body @entity130 computed tomography with adapted computed tomography angiography of the craniocervical vessels. METHODS: A total of 718 consecutive @entity1 requiring whole-body @entity130 computed tomography (16-row multislice) because of the mechanism of their injury patterns and an Injury Severity Scale score greater than 16 were analyzed prospectively. After a cranial scan, computed tomography angiography of the craniocervical vessels with 40 mL of iodinated contrast agent was performed using bolus tracking. RESULTS: The overall incidence of blunt carotid and @entity130 (BCVIs) in the screened population was 1.7%. BCVIs were observed in 27.3% of @entity1 with detected isolated cervical spine injuries and in 3.9% of @entity1 with isolated @entity174 with or without @entity932 , whereas 5.3% of @entity1 with combined cervical and cranial lesions were associated with BCVIs. In addition, 0.4% of BCVIs occurred in @entity1 without evidence of @entity135 . CONCLUSION: Whole-body @entity130 computed tomography with an adapted scanning protocol for the craniocervical vessels is a fast, safe, and feasible method for detecting @entity1317 . It allows prompt further treatment if necessary. Computed tomography angiography could be a part of a broad screening protocol for craniocervical vessels in documented injuries of the head and neck and in @entity130 mechanisms influencing the craniocervical region as well.

title: Incidence of blunt craniocervical @entity1317 : use of whole-body computed tomography XXXX imaging with adapted computed tomography angiography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head or neck trauma']

entities_list: @entity4066 :: ('MESH:D020217', 'Disease') :: ['artery dissection']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['cranial fractures']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['polytrauma']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['artery injury', 'vascular injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of traumatic craniocervical @entity4066 varies in published @entity130 series. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of traumatic craniocervical @entity1317 in @entity1230 @entity1 by using standardized whole-body @entity130 computed tomography with adapted computed tomography angiography of the craniocervical vessels. METHODS: A total of 718 consecutive @entity1 requiring whole-body @entity130 computed tomography (16-row multislice) because of the mechanism of their injury patterns and an Injury Severity Scale score greater than 16 were analyzed prospectively. After a cranial scan, computed tomography angiography of the craniocervical vessels with 40 mL of iodinated contrast agent was performed using bolus tracking. RESULTS: The overall incidence of blunt carotid and @entity130 (BCVIs) in the screened population was 1.7%. BCVIs were observed in 27.3% of @entity1 with detected isolated cervical spine injuries and in 3.9% of @entity1 with isolated @entity174 with or without @entity932 , whereas 5.3% of @entity1 with combined cervical and cranial lesions were associated with BCVIs. In addition, 0.4% of BCVIs occurred in @entity1 without evidence of @entity135 . CONCLUSION: Whole-body @entity130 computed tomography with an adapted scanning protocol for the craniocervical vessels is a fast, safe, and feasible method for detecting @entity1317 . It allows prompt further treatment if necessary. Computed tomography angiography could be a part of a broad screening protocol for craniocervical vessels in documented injuries of the head and neck and in @entity130 mechanisms influencing the craniocervical region as well.

title: Incidence of blunt craniocervical XXXX : use of whole-body computed tomography @entity130 imaging with adapted computed tomography angiography.

answer: @entity1317 :: (MESH:D057772,Disease) :: ['artery injuries']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the long-term effects of stereotactic fractionated external beam radiation on eyes treated for neovascular age-related @entity1020 . METHODS: A retrospective review of all eyes treated with stereotactic fractionated external beam radiation (20-40 Gy, 2-Gy fractions) between 1997 and 2000 was performed to identify eyes with >=  2-year follow-up for analysis. A subset was imaged prospectively using a high-resolution Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: Among 94 eyes treated, 33 eyes (32 subjects) had >=  2-year follow-up information (mean follow-up, 6.2 years; range, 2-10 years). Final visual acuity ranged from 20/50 to no light perception. Final macular findings included central @entity10691 (49%), @entity2318 (30%), and active @entity1940 (9%). Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography images of three eyes with @entity10691 revealed photoreceptor layer loss within areas of @entity10691 with intact retinal morphology in areas of radiation exposure outside @entity10691 . @entity989 was suspected in 18% and confirmed by @entity941 angiography in 15%, ranging from mild to @entity2297 /phthisis bulbi (2 eyes). Mean time from stereotactic fractionated external beam radiation to development of @entity989 was 5.4 years (range, 1-10 years). CONCLUSION: A moderate rate of delayed @entity989 was noted in eyes with neovascular age-related @entity1020 treated with stereotactic fractionated external beam radiation. @entity10691 was a common finding.

title: Ten-year follow-up of eyes treated with stereotactic fractionated external beam radiation for neovascular age-related XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1940 :: ('MESH:D020256', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal neovascular membrane']

entities_list: @entity10691 :: ('MESH:D057092', 'Disease') :: ['Geographic atrophy', 'geographic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity2318 :: ('MESH:D002921', 'Disease') :: ['disciform scar']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['Radiation retinopathy', 'radiation retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity2297 :: ('MESH:D015355', 'Disease') :: ['neovascular glaucoma']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['macular degeneration']


abstract: PURPOSE: Two factors which may disrupt the ability to adhere to the treatment for @entity726 are @entity73 and @entity532 . Poor adherence to treatment may lead to preventable @entity1018 . Past research in this area has been limited by little focus on older @entity1 with @entity726 , and the use of brief measures of cognition that may not detect @entity51 related to @entity195 . @entity1 AND METHODS: This study examined the prevalence of @entity73 , @entity308 , and @entity148 in a sample of 41 @entity726 @entity1 at a tertiary care @entity726 clinic. They had a mean age of 70.0 years (SD=9.2 y; range: 51 to 86 y) and 70% (n=30) were female. Two cognitive measures commonly used in detecting @entity303 were used to measure cognitive functioning. RESULTS: Controlling for age, @entity2414 was found in approximately 20% of the sample, and impaired executive functioning was found in approximately 22% of the sample. Forty-four percent of the sample scored in the impaired range on one or more measures. Mild-to-moderate @entity308 were found in 12.2% of @entity1 , and 1 @entity1 reported clinically significant @entity148 . CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study indicate that @entity73 may be common in older @entity1 with @entity726 . This has implications for treatment adherence, as difficulties in remembering information may significantly impede the ability to follow instructions from a physician. It is imperative that physicians and caregivers are aware of the prevalence of such conditions, as they are among the first to interact with such individuals. Given the high prevalence of @entity73 and @entity308 , future research should examine the impact of such factors on @entity726 treatment adherence.

title: Prevalence of @entity73 , XXXX , and @entity148 symptoms among older adults with @entity726 .

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['vision loss']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'person']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['mental health complications']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['subtle deficits']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer disease']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: PURPOSE: Two factors which may disrupt the ability to adhere to the treatment for @entity726 are @entity73 and @entity532 . Poor adherence to treatment may lead to preventable @entity1018 . Past research in this area has been limited by little focus on older @entity1 with @entity726 , and the use of brief measures of cognition that may not detect @entity51 related to @entity195 . @entity1 AND METHODS: This study examined the prevalence of @entity73 , @entity308 , and @entity148 in a sample of 41 @entity726 @entity1 at a tertiary care @entity726 clinic. They had a mean age of 70.0 years (SD=9.2 y; range: 51 to 86 y) and 70% (n=30) were female. Two cognitive measures commonly used in detecting @entity303 were used to measure cognitive functioning. RESULTS: Controlling for age, @entity2414 was found in approximately 20% of the sample, and impaired executive functioning was found in approximately 22% of the sample. Forty-four percent of the sample scored in the impaired range on one or more measures. Mild-to-moderate @entity308 were found in 12.2% of @entity1 , and 1 @entity1 reported clinically significant @entity148 . CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study indicate that @entity73 may be common in older @entity1 with @entity726 . This has implications for treatment adherence, as difficulties in remembering information may significantly impede the ability to follow instructions from a physician. It is imperative that physicians and caregivers are aware of the prevalence of such conditions, as they are among the first to interact with such individuals. Given the high prevalence of @entity73 and @entity308 , future research should examine the impact of such factors on @entity726 treatment adherence.

title: Prevalence of @entity73 , @entity308 , and @entity148 symptoms among older adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Two factors which may disrupt the ability to adhere to the treatment for @entity726 are @entity73 and @entity532 . Poor adherence to treatment may lead to preventable @entity1018 . Past research in this area has been limited by little focus on older @entity1 with @entity726 , and the use of brief measures of cognition that may not detect @entity51 related to @entity195 . @entity1 AND METHODS: This study examined the prevalence of @entity73 , @entity308 , and @entity148 in a sample of 41 @entity726 @entity1 at a tertiary care @entity726 clinic. They had a mean age of 70.0 years (SD=9.2 y; range: 51 to 86 y) and 70% (n=30) were female. Two cognitive measures commonly used in detecting @entity303 were used to measure cognitive functioning. RESULTS: Controlling for age, @entity2414 was found in approximately 20% of the sample, and impaired executive functioning was found in approximately 22% of the sample. Forty-four percent of the sample scored in the impaired range on one or more measures. Mild-to-moderate @entity308 were found in 12.2% of @entity1 , and 1 @entity1 reported clinically significant @entity148 . CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study indicate that @entity73 may be common in older @entity1 with @entity726 . This has implications for treatment adherence, as difficulties in remembering information may significantly impede the ability to follow instructions from a physician. It is imperative that physicians and caregivers are aware of the prevalence of such conditions, as they are among the first to interact with such individuals. Given the high prevalence of @entity73 and @entity308 , future research should examine the impact of such factors on @entity726 treatment adherence.

title: Prevalence of XXXX , @entity308 , and @entity148 symptoms among older adults with @entity726 .

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive impairment']


abstract: PURPOSE: Two factors which may disrupt the ability to adhere to the treatment for @entity726 are @entity73 and @entity532 . Poor adherence to treatment may lead to preventable @entity1018 . Past research in this area has been limited by little focus on older @entity1 with @entity726 , and the use of brief measures of cognition that may not detect @entity51 related to @entity195 . @entity1 AND METHODS: This study examined the prevalence of @entity73 , @entity308 , and @entity148 in a sample of 41 @entity726 @entity1 at a tertiary care @entity726 clinic. They had a mean age of 70.0 years (SD=9.2 y; range: 51 to 86 y) and 70% (n=30) were female. Two cognitive measures commonly used in detecting @entity303 were used to measure cognitive functioning. RESULTS: Controlling for age, @entity2414 was found in approximately 20% of the sample, and impaired executive functioning was found in approximately 22% of the sample. Forty-four percent of the sample scored in the impaired range on one or more measures. Mild-to-moderate @entity308 were found in 12.2% of @entity1 , and 1 @entity1 reported clinically significant @entity148 . CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study indicate that @entity73 may be common in older @entity1 with @entity726 . This has implications for treatment adherence, as difficulties in remembering information may significantly impede the ability to follow instructions from a physician. It is imperative that physicians and caregivers are aware of the prevalence of such conditions, as they are among the first to interact with such individuals. Given the high prevalence of @entity73 and @entity308 , future research should examine the impact of such factors on @entity726 treatment adherence.

title: Prevalence of @entity73 , @entity308 , and XXXX symptoms among older adults with @entity726 .

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: The objective of this study is to measure interobserver variability in the classification of laryngeal mucosal @entity75 by reassessing the histopathology of previously diagnosed cases and to determine the possible therapeutic consequences of disagreement among observers. Histopathological assessment of 110 laryngeal mucosal @entity75 was done by three pathologists. Each slide had to be classified according to the World Health Organization, @entity2784 , and the Ljubljana Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions systems. After the independent assessment, a joint meeting took place. To assess the relation between histopathological grading and subsequent clinical management, we created a two- and a three-grade system besides one comprising all options. For all analyses, the SAS/STAT statistical software was used. The highest unweighted k-values concerning the all-options system are observed for the @entity2784 classification (0.28, 95% confidence interval 0.23-0.33), followed by the World Health Organization and Ljubljana classifications. For the two-grade system the Ljubljana classification shows the highest unweighted k-values (0.50, 95%, 0.39-0.61), followed by the World Health Organization and @entity2784 classifications. For the three-grade system, the unweighted k-values are similar. The implementation of weighted k-values led to higher scores within all three classification systems, although these did not exceed 0.55 (moderate agreement). Given the high level of consensus, simultaneous pathological assessment may be said to provide added value in comparison with independent assessment. In the current study, no clear tendency is observed in favor of any one classification system. The proposed three-grade system could be an improved histopathological tool because it is easier to correlate with clinical decision making and because it yields better unweighted k-values and proportions of concordance than the all-options system. Furthermore, clinical management could benefit from assessment by more than one pathologist in suspected cases of @entity1141 or @entity189 .

title: Interobserver variability of laryngeal mucosal XXXX : a histopathological evaluation.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity2784 :: ('MESH:D065310', 'Disease') :: ['Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['premalignant lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16058 ( @entity16058 ) are among the most common complications in @entity1 with @entity2 . In such @entity1 with @entity5 , the most serious expression of @entity137 in Japan is acute exacerbation of @entity16058 caused by anticancer treatment. Nevertheless, there has been no consensus and no evidence presented, regarding optimal treatment for advanced @entity2 with IIP. @entity1 AND METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with advanced @entity151 ( @entity151 ) with IIP who were ineligible for curative radiotherapy were enrolled. @entity1 received @entity3003 every 21 days at a dose of area under the curve 6.0 on day 1 and @entity2879 at a dose of 100 mg/m on days 1 to 3. RESULTS: Between July 2002 and October 2008, 17 @entity1 with @entity151 with IIP, including 14 @entity1 , eight of whom were diagnosed with @entity2416 , were enrolled and treated for a mean of 3.5 cycles of @entity3003 plus @entity2879 . One @entity1 (5.9%; 95% confidence interval, 0-18.4%) with clinically confirmed @entity2416 had acute exacerbation of @entity16058 associated with the treatment. The overall response rate was 88.2%. The median progression-free survival, median survival time, and 1-year survival rate were 5.5 months, 8.7 months, and 29.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This is the first report indicating that @entity1 with advanced @entity151 with @entity16058 may benefit from chemotherapy. @entity1 with advanced @entity151 with IIP treated with @entity2879 and @entity3003 combination chemotherapy gain benefits, with safety equivalent to that seen in @entity1 without IIP. The results from this study would support, on ethical grounds, the conduct of a large-scale study to evaluate this regimen.

title: The feasibility study of @entity3003 plus @entity2879 for advanced XXXX with @entity16058 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity16058 :: ('MESH:D054988', 'Disease') :: ['Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias', 'IIPs']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity151 :: (MESH:D055752,Disease) :: ['small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16058 ( @entity16058 ) are among the most common complications in @entity1 with @entity2 . In such @entity1 with @entity5 , the most serious expression of @entity137 in Japan is acute exacerbation of @entity16058 caused by anticancer treatment. Nevertheless, there has been no consensus and no evidence presented, regarding optimal treatment for advanced @entity2 with IIP. @entity1 AND METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with advanced @entity151 ( @entity151 ) with IIP who were ineligible for curative radiotherapy were enrolled. @entity1 received @entity3003 every 21 days at a dose of area under the curve 6.0 on day 1 and @entity2879 at a dose of 100 mg/m on days 1 to 3. RESULTS: Between July 2002 and October 2008, 17 @entity1 with @entity151 with IIP, including 14 @entity1 , eight of whom were diagnosed with @entity2416 , were enrolled and treated for a mean of 3.5 cycles of @entity3003 plus @entity2879 . One @entity1 (5.9%; 95% confidence interval, 0-18.4%) with clinically confirmed @entity2416 had acute exacerbation of @entity16058 associated with the treatment. The overall response rate was 88.2%. The median progression-free survival, median survival time, and 1-year survival rate were 5.5 months, 8.7 months, and 29.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This is the first report indicating that @entity1 with advanced @entity151 with @entity16058 may benefit from chemotherapy. @entity1 with advanced @entity151 with IIP treated with @entity2879 and @entity3003 combination chemotherapy gain benefits, with safety equivalent to that seen in @entity1 without IIP. The results from this study would support, on ethical grounds, the conduct of a large-scale study to evaluate this regimen.

title: The feasibility study of XXXX plus @entity2879 for advanced @entity151 with @entity16058 .

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['Carboplatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16058 ( @entity16058 ) are among the most common complications in @entity1 with @entity2 . In such @entity1 with @entity5 , the most serious expression of @entity137 in Japan is acute exacerbation of @entity16058 caused by anticancer treatment. Nevertheless, there has been no consensus and no evidence presented, regarding optimal treatment for advanced @entity2 with IIP. @entity1 AND METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with advanced @entity151 ( @entity151 ) with IIP who were ineligible for curative radiotherapy were enrolled. @entity1 received @entity3003 every 21 days at a dose of area under the curve 6.0 on day 1 and @entity2879 at a dose of 100 mg/m on days 1 to 3. RESULTS: Between July 2002 and October 2008, 17 @entity1 with @entity151 with IIP, including 14 @entity1 , eight of whom were diagnosed with @entity2416 , were enrolled and treated for a mean of 3.5 cycles of @entity3003 plus @entity2879 . One @entity1 (5.9%; 95% confidence interval, 0-18.4%) with clinically confirmed @entity2416 had acute exacerbation of @entity16058 associated with the treatment. The overall response rate was 88.2%. The median progression-free survival, median survival time, and 1-year survival rate were 5.5 months, 8.7 months, and 29.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This is the first report indicating that @entity1 with advanced @entity151 with @entity16058 may benefit from chemotherapy. @entity1 with advanced @entity151 with IIP treated with @entity2879 and @entity3003 combination chemotherapy gain benefits, with safety equivalent to that seen in @entity1 without IIP. The results from this study would support, on ethical grounds, the conduct of a large-scale study to evaluate this regimen.

title: The feasibility study of @entity3003 plus @entity2879 for advanced @entity151 with XXXX .

answer: @entity16058 :: (MESH:D054988,Disease) :: ['idiopathic interstitial pneumonias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity16058 ( @entity16058 ) are among the most common complications in @entity1 with @entity2 . In such @entity1 with @entity5 , the most serious expression of @entity137 in Japan is acute exacerbation of @entity16058 caused by anticancer treatment. Nevertheless, there has been no consensus and no evidence presented, regarding optimal treatment for advanced @entity2 with IIP. @entity1 AND METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with advanced @entity151 ( @entity151 ) with IIP who were ineligible for curative radiotherapy were enrolled. @entity1 received @entity3003 every 21 days at a dose of area under the curve 6.0 on day 1 and @entity2879 at a dose of 100 mg/m on days 1 to 3. RESULTS: Between July 2002 and October 2008, 17 @entity1 with @entity151 with IIP, including 14 @entity1 , eight of whom were diagnosed with @entity2416 , were enrolled and treated for a mean of 3.5 cycles of @entity3003 plus @entity2879 . One @entity1 (5.9%; 95% confidence interval, 0-18.4%) with clinically confirmed @entity2416 had acute exacerbation of @entity16058 associated with the treatment. The overall response rate was 88.2%. The median progression-free survival, median survival time, and 1-year survival rate were 5.5 months, 8.7 months, and 29.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This is the first report indicating that @entity1 with advanced @entity151 with @entity16058 may benefit from chemotherapy. @entity1 with advanced @entity151 with IIP treated with @entity2879 and @entity3003 combination chemotherapy gain benefits, with safety equivalent to that seen in @entity1 without IIP. The results from this study would support, on ethical grounds, the conduct of a large-scale study to evaluate this regimen.

title: The feasibility study of @entity3003 plus XXXX for advanced @entity151 with @entity16058 .

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['Etoposide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among many aspects, wound healing depends on early restoration of venous blood flow across wound margins. The type of surgical occlusion of @entity9 during operations was assumed to have an influence on the early postoperative reunion of @entity9 and thereby on wound healing. Currently, there are different methods of vein stump occlusion available: ligation (e.g., Vicryl), closure using metal clips (e.g., LigaClip), coagulation using manually controlled @entity162 , and the use of a computer-controlled bipolar system (e.g., BiClamp). The aim of this study was to surgically and histologically compare the healing process, including new vessel formation after vein occlusion using one of the methods listed. METHODS: In a @entity35 model (n = 50), both jugular and femoral veins were prepared, occluded twice with one of the methods mentioned above (i.e., 400 occlusions), and finally cut in-between. Groups of 10 animals were reoperated and evaluated surgically and histologically after 5 days, 10 days, 15 days, 30 days, and 90 days. RESULTS: Occlusion methods using Vicryl, LigaClip, or @entity162 allow highly reliable vessel occlusion. Surgical evaluation showed higher occurrence of vessels in between the @entity9 after usage of Vicryl and LigaClip when compared with electrothermic occlusion methods (p = 0.017). Histologic examination showed different courses of the inflammatory reaction and varying capillary counts. @entity162 methods do cause less vessel occurrence, less inflammatory reaction, and less histologic capillary formation. CONCLUSION: If a reconnection of the venous flow is desirable, the use of Vicryl and LigaClip might be superior to using electrothermic occlusion methods. In contrast, electrothermic methods cause less new vessel formation as well as less inflammatory reaction.

title: Surgical vein occlusion--comparison of four different methods in a XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['Bipolar occlusion', 'bipolar forceps']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['vein stumps']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Invasive @entity189 is associated with frequent lymph node @entity3 and adverse clinical outcome. Initially described as a variant of @entity5344 , it has subsequently been found in other organs, most recently the colon. Reports of @entity14 to date are limited in number, and their molecular profile has not been established. The aims of the present study were to analyze their clinicopathological features and molecular profile, and compare them with those of conventional @entity420 . Clinicopathological features of a cohort of 379 @entity1 with primary @entity14 were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of the pattern characteristic of @entity189 . We also assessed the expression of @entity5822 , @entity2225 , @entity10580 , @entity2355 (EMA, clone E29), @entity2355 (clone MA695), @entity6756 , @entity4311 , @entity4638 and @entity876 by immunohistochemistry. Genetic assessments of microsatellite instability, chromosomes 17p and 18q, and mutations in @entity876 , @entity817 and @entity984 were performed using DNA extracted from @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded sections. In all, 60 of the reviewed cases (16%) had a micropapillary component that ranged from 5 to 95% of the @entity5 , characterized by a higher frequency of an infiltrative pattern, lymphovascular and perineural invasion, a higher depth of invasion and more positive lymph nodes than conventional @entity420 . Immunohistochemistry for @entity2355 (clone MA695) and @entity2355 (EMA, clone E29) enhanced the characteristic inside-out staining pattern of the @entity189 component, whereas the rest of the @entity5 showed luminal staining patterns. @entity5822 expression was slightly increased in @entity189 , but did not reach significance (17-3%, P=0.1967). The molecular parameters showed a higher frequency of @entity876 alterations and a low incidence of microsatellite instability and RER phenotype (loss of mismatch repair protein) in @entity189 . With regard to the histological parameters, @entity189 appears to be more aggressive than conventional @entity14 . The molecular profile supports the hypothesis that @entity189 carcinogenesis develops through the classical chromosomal instability pathway.

title: Clinicopathological and molecular characterization of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast and ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['micropapillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer', 'colorectal adenocarcinoma', 'colorectal micropapillary carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal micropapillary carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6369 ( @entity6369 ) is one of the most common @entity260 associated with @entity2463 ( @entity2463 ) correction. OBJECTIVE: To describe our MRI protocol for evaluating acquired @entity6369 following @entity2463 surgery, and associated imaging findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed 61 pelvic MRI examinations performed for postoperative @entity2463 for @entity6369 identification and characteristics. Associated clinical, operative and cystoscopy reports were also reviewed and compared to MRI. RESULTS: An abnormal retrourethral focus suspicious for @entity6369 was identified at MRI in 13 @entity1 . Ten of these @entity1 underwent subsequent surgery or cystoscopy, and @entity6369 was confirmed in five. All of the confirmed @entity6369 cases appeared as @entity5409 that were at least 1 cm in diameter in two imaging planes. Four of the false-positive cases were punctate retrourethral foci that were visible only on a single MRI plane. One @entity1 had a seminal vesical cyst mimicking a @entity6369 . CONCLUSION: Pelvic MRI can be a useful tool in the postoperative assessment of suspected @entity6369 associated with @entity2463 . Radiologists should have a high clinical suspicion for a postoperative @entity6369 when a cystic lesion posterior to the bladder/posterior urethra is encountered on two imaging planes in these @entity1 .

title: MRI of acquired posterior urethral diverticulum following surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6369 :: ('MESH:D014526', 'Disease') :: ['PUD', 'Posterior urethral diverticulum']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesions']

entities_list: @entity2463 :: ('MESH:C537771', 'Disease') :: ['ARM', 'anorectal malformation']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

answer: @entity2463 :: (MESH:C537771,Disease) :: ['anorectal malformations']


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of principal cardiovascular risk factors in the female population from Biscay (northern Spain). @entity1 AND METHOD: We selected a random representative sample of 1,317 @entity1 aged between 16 and 65 years from this province. For each @entity1 we recorded the following parameters: weight and height, physical activity, smoking, blood pressure, glycemia, total @entity165 , @entity1674 , HDL- @entity165 and LDL- @entity165 . RESULTS: A total of 1,100 @entity1 (mean age 39.83 14 years) participated. Regarding physical activity, 31.9% of the @entity1 had a sedentary lifestyle and 48.4% did not exercise during leisure time. The prevalence of smoking was 31.9%. We found a mean body mass index of 24.9 4.6 kg/m2, and 42.4% of the @entity1 were overweight. The prevalence of @entity101 was 13.1%, @entity101 being defined as a mean systolic blood pressure > or = 160 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure > or = 95 mmHg, current antihypertensive treatment, or any combination of these criteria. When a cutoff value of > or = 140/90 mmHg was used, the prevalence increased to 26.7%. Total @entity165 values were > or = 240 mg/dl in 26.2%, @entity412 levels were > or = 200 mg/dl in 2.6%, LDL- @entity165 was > or = 160 mg/dl in 26.8%, and HDL- @entity165 values were < 45 mg/dl in 12.2%. The prevalence of @entity4854 was 3.3%. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalences of main cardiovascular risk factors were similar to those in other Spanish studies. Except for smoking, the rest of these risk factors increased with age. Long-term measures should be adopted to modify dietary habits and lifestyles to obtain improvements in the cardiovascular risk profile.

title: [Prevalence of main cardiovascular risk factors in XXXX from Biscay].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'participant', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity66 remains controversial in @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ). STUDY DESIGN: One surgeon treated 159 unselected @entity1 , who were followed up for 1 to 27 years. We present a retrospective analysis with respect to @entity66 . @entity66 was investigated, including metachronous @entity66 (mpN(1)) in primarily node negative @entity1 (pN(0), clinical [c]N(0)). RESULTS: Therapeutic lymphadenectomies, prophylactic lymphadenectomies, or no lymphadenectomy were carried out in 42 ( @entity17470 ), 29 (cN(0)), and 88 (cN(0)) @entity1 , respectively, with stage pN(1) in 41 (98%), in 5 (17%), and in 2 (2.3%) @entity1 , respectively (17% versus 2.3% p < 0.005). Sensitivity and specificity of clinical staging were 85% and 99%, respectively. More frequent prophylactic lymphadenectomy during the study period (p = 0.002) led to a nonsignificant increase in stage pN(1) (26% versus 30%). Immunohistochemistry led to upstaging of only 3% of histologically negative nodes and one (4%) pN(0) @entity1 . Nodal recurrence occurred in 8 of 156 @entity1 (5%) treated for cure, in 12% of pN(1) versus 3% of pN(0) cN(0) @entity5 (p = 0.009), in 15% of @entity2802 high-versus 3% of low-risk @entity1 (p = 0.006), and in 5% each of @entity1 , younger than 45 and 45 years or more. In @entity2802 high-risk @entity1 , @entity5 -related survival was 50% for stage pN(1) versus 86% for stage pN(0), cN(0) (p = 0.03) (100% and 100% in low-risk @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: The rate of occult @entity66 might be relatively low, and it does not frequently progress to clinical recurrent disease. Clinical nodal status might be valid for deciding the extent and radicality of node dissection. Prophylactic (central) lymphadenectomy should be carried out without radicality-associated morbidity. Macroscopic @entity66 warrants more rigorous, compartment-oriented lymphadenectomy. There is no rationale for detection of occult disease and @entity3944 by frozen section or immunohistochemistry.

title: Lymph node surgery in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Occult nodal disease', 'nodal disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3944 :: ('MESH:D061206', 'Disease') :: ['micrometastasis']

answer: @entity3557 :: (MESH:C536915,Disease) :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background   To examine the results of myectomy and mitral valve surgery for systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve and @entity3585 ( @entity3585 ) with a relatively thin interventricular septum. Methods   The subjects were 12 @entity1 with SAM and @entity3585 . Eight had @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ) with a mean interventricular septal thickness of 16 mm. Three had sigmoid septum and one had an unknown etiology. For @entity1121 , isolated extended myectomy was performed when @entity339 was mild (n   =   1) and extended myectomy plus mitral valve surgery was performed when @entity339 was more than mild (n   =   4) or primary valve etiologies existed (n   =   3). Myectomy was performed for the three cases with sigmoid septum. Myectomy plus height reduction of the posterior mitral leaflet was performed for the one case with the unknown etiology of SAM. Results   In the @entity1 with @entity1121 , the maximum LVOT pressure gradient significantly decreased from 140        18 to 16        6 and 3        3   mm Hg, while @entity339 significantly decreased from 2.3        0.5 to 0.5        0.3 and 0.4        0.2 at pre-op, early post-op, and last follow-up (3        1 years), respectively. In the other etiologies, the maximum LVOT pressure gradient changed from 56        15 to 25        15 and 5        4   mm Hg; @entity339 changed from 2.0        0.6 to 1.3        0.3 and 1.3        0.8, at pre-op, early post-op, and the last follow-up (3        2 years), respectively. Conclusion   Myectomy with mitral valve surgery is an option for SAM and @entity3585 in @entity1 with a relatively thin interventricular septum.

title: Surgery for Left XXXX with a Relatively Thin Interventricular Septum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HOCM', 'hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity3585 :: ('MESH:D014694', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular outflow tract obstruction', 'LVOTO']

answer: @entity3585 :: (MESH:D014694,Disease) :: ['Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The recent introduction of high-efficiency solid-state gamma cameras for myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography has enabled lower @entity1 radiation dose, faster imaging, and improved image quality. However, artifacts still complicate interpretation. Prone imaging is a common maneuver to reduce artifacts and increase accuracy for detection of @entity453 , but its effect on imaging relative to supine imaging has not been fully characterized in these new systems. METHODS: In this IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant retrospective study, 30 @entity1 were reviewed, who underwent prone and supine imaging on the GE 530c multipinhole @entity19429 camera under both rest and stress conditions. Informed consent was waived. Perfusion was scored visually by two readers on a five-point scale according to the 17-segment model. Differences were assessed for significance using a multivariate linear effects model and restricted maximum likelihood method. RESULTS: Prone positioning resulted in increased activity in the basal inferior (P<0.001), basal inferolateral (P=0.009), basal inferoseptal (P<0.001), and mid-inferior (P<0.001) segments when taking into account factors such as stress versus rest, perfusion scores of other segments, and reader. CONCLUSION: Prone imaging on the GE 530c camera increases measured tracer activity in the basal inferior, basal inferolateral, basal inferoseptal, and mid-inferior segments. Caution is advised when diagnosing @entity741 in these territories, particularly if clinical data are unavailable.

title: Difference in appearance between prone and supine myocardial perfusion images obtained on a high-efficiency XXXX SPECT camera.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity19429 :: ('MESH:C474490', 'Chemical') :: ['cadmium zinc telluride']

answer: @entity19429 :: (MESH:C474490,Chemical) :: ['cadmium zinc telluride']