abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to investigate factors associated with residual symptoms after hyperbaric @entity26 therapy (HBOT) in type I @entity5663 ( @entity5663 ). BASIC PROCEDURES: An HBOT registry, which includes @entity1 with type I @entity5663 , was analyzed retrospectively. We divided enrolled @entity1 into two groups; complete resolution group and residual symptom (RS) group after a single HBOT session. We investigated factors associated with residual symptoms at discharge with univariable and multivariable analyses. Restrictive cubic spline curve and a test for trend analysis were used to show the trend of therapeutic response after HBOT based on time from symptom onset to HBOT. MAIN FINDINGS: In a total of 195 @entity1 , 131 (67.2%) @entity1 were included in the RS group after single HBOT. Prolonged time from symptom onset to recompression was independently associated with residual symptoms (P = .004). When @entity1 who underwent recompression within 24 hours from symptom were included in the reference group, the adjusted odds ratios (AOR) (95% confidence interval) of residual symptoms after HBOT were the following: 24 to 96 hours, 2.24 (0.75-6.65); 96 to 240 hours, 3.31 (1.08-10.13); more than 240 hours, 22.83 (2.45-231.43). In terms of sort of diving, commercial and recreational divers had higher probability of residual symptoms than military divers (AOR, 4.78 and 33.36, respectively). PRINCIPAL CONCLUSIONS: Early HBOT is associated with rapid symptom elimination after treatment in type I @entity5663 . Military divers showed a more immediate response after recompression in comparison with commercial and recreational divers.

title: Factors associated with residual symptoms after recompression in type I XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity5663 :: ('MESH:D003665', 'Disease') :: ['DCS', 'decompression sickness']

answer: @entity5663 :: (MESH:D003665,Disease) :: ['decompression sickness']


abstract: Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to study the DNA distribution of 99 @entity5 biopsy specimens and 41 bladder irrigation samples from @entity1 with transitional cell @entity150 . For @entity5 biopsy and cystectomy specimens, the frequency of aneuploidy increased with advancing @entity5 stage and grade. All T0 @entity5 were diploid. Twenty-seven percent of T1, 71.4% of T2, and 75% of T3 and T4 @entity5 were @entity2007 . All Grade I @entity5 were diploid. Thirty percent of Grade II and 76.9% of @entity5 were @entity2007 . The frequency of @entity5 in the early stages (Ta, T1) is similar to the incidence of subsequent progression by these @entity5 described in the literature. For irrigation fluids, the relationship between grade and stage and the frequency of aneuploidy was similar to the relationship seen with @entity5 specimens. All four @entity1 with @entity189 in situ had @entity2007 cells in their irrigations. The comparison of FCM data of bladder biopsy and bladder irrigation from the same cystoscopic evaluation suggests adequate representation of @entity5 cells in the irrigation fluids for almost all cases. The authors conclude that DNA ploidy analysis by FCM appears useful in a clinically important group of @entity1 with @entity2007 superficial @entity5 of moderate or high grade. Bladder irrigation analysis appears useful in the follow-up of @entity1 with a history of @entity189 in situ and those with @entity5 .

title: Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in @entity1 XXXX and irrigation fluids.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'aneuploidy of tumors', 'Grade III tumors', 'aneuploid tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['only carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the bladder']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder tumors']


abstract: Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to study the DNA distribution of 99 @entity5 biopsy specimens and 41 bladder irrigation samples from @entity1 with transitional cell @entity150 . For @entity5 biopsy and cystectomy specimens, the frequency of aneuploidy increased with advancing @entity5 stage and grade. All T0 @entity5 were diploid. Twenty-seven percent of T1, 71.4% of T2, and 75% of T3 and T4 @entity5 were @entity2007 . All Grade I @entity5 were diploid. Thirty percent of Grade II and 76.9% of @entity5 were @entity2007 . The frequency of @entity5 in the early stages (Ta, T1) is similar to the incidence of subsequent progression by these @entity5 described in the literature. For irrigation fluids, the relationship between grade and stage and the frequency of aneuploidy was similar to the relationship seen with @entity5 specimens. All four @entity1 with @entity189 in situ had @entity2007 cells in their irrigations. The comparison of FCM data of bladder biopsy and bladder irrigation from the same cystoscopic evaluation suggests adequate representation of @entity5 cells in the irrigation fluids for almost all cases. The authors conclude that DNA ploidy analysis by FCM appears useful in a clinically important group of @entity1 with @entity2007 superficial @entity5 of moderate or high grade. Bladder irrigation analysis appears useful in the follow-up of @entity1 with a history of @entity189 in situ and those with @entity5 .

title: Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in XXXX @entity150 and irrigation fluids.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Six @entity1 with @entity1893 diagnosed during late pregnancy or shortly thereafter are reported. Three @entity1 had @entity1893 and three, intermediate-grade histologic features. Five of the six @entity1 were in Stage 4 and one was Stage 1. Only three had the diagnosis of @entity1893 during pregnancy, and in these three cases the disease appeared to progress rapidly after delivery. The other three @entity1 probably had @entity706 during pregnancy; @entity706 was widespread at the time of their diagnosis, but the diagnosis was only established on biopsy specimens after delivery in all three instances. Five @entity1 had full-term natural deliveries with normal @entity1 . A single @entity1 with @entity2109 had a @entity3465 with a cesarean section in the 29th week because of @entity5869 probably due to @entity706 of the uterine wall. In this case both mother and @entity1 died within 48 hours of delivery. The other five @entity1 were treated soon after delivery. Published literature dealing with this topic is scanty and inconclusive; accordingly this report attempts to discuss management of @entity706 in pregnancy, based on the authors' limited experience with these six @entity1 .

title: XXXX associated with pregnancy. A report of six cases, with a review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'infants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['premature delivery']

entities_list: @entity2109 :: ('MESH:D002051', 'Disease') :: ["Burkitt's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity5869 :: ('MESH:D000037', 'Disease') :: ['abruptio placentae']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'high-grade lymphoma']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: A series of @entity19 @entity5 subpopulation lines were compared for growth properties and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs when grown as boluses in a collagen gel matrix versus in monolayer culture. Although the cell lines exhibited characteristic rates of bolus expansion in collagen, this growth was not paralleled by an exponential increase in cell number with time. Cell boluses contained a higher proportion of cells in G0-G1 phases of the cell cycle than did the same cell lines in monolayer cultures. Histological examination revealed areas of @entity39 in boluses. Thus cells growing in collagen cultures resembled cells growing as solid @entity5 and cells from other three-dimensional culture systems. The growth of cell boluses in collagen gel cultures was reduced nonexponentially by melphalan, @entity1499 , and @entity1487 in contrast to the exponential decrease in growth measured in cloning assays. The lowest concentration to which cells first responded to drug was in general similar for collagen gel assays and for cloning assays. The rank order of sensitivity of different cell lines in the two assays was identical for @entity1499 (four cell lines), similar for @entity3601 (four of five lines), but quite different for @entity1487 . In contrast to cloning assays cell boluses continued to grow, albeit at a reduced rate, in the presence of high drug concentrations. This was not due to either diminished drug availability in collagen gel or drug penetration into the bolus.

title: Factors affecting growth and drug sensitivity of @entity19 XXXX lines in collagen gel cultures.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'mammary tumor']

entities_list: @entity3601 :: ('MESH:D008558', 'Chemical') :: ['melphalan']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['mammary tumor']


abstract: A series of @entity19 @entity5 subpopulation lines were compared for growth properties and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs when grown as boluses in a collagen gel matrix versus in monolayer culture. Although the cell lines exhibited characteristic rates of bolus expansion in collagen, this growth was not paralleled by an exponential increase in cell number with time. Cell boluses contained a higher proportion of cells in G0-G1 phases of the cell cycle than did the same cell lines in monolayer cultures. Histological examination revealed areas of @entity39 in boluses. Thus cells growing in collagen cultures resembled cells growing as solid @entity5 and cells from other three-dimensional culture systems. The growth of cell boluses in collagen gel cultures was reduced nonexponentially by melphalan, @entity1499 , and @entity1487 in contrast to the exponential decrease in growth measured in cloning assays. The lowest concentration to which cells first responded to drug was in general similar for collagen gel assays and for cloning assays. The rank order of sensitivity of different cell lines in the two assays was identical for @entity1499 (four cell lines), similar for @entity3601 (four of five lines), but quite different for @entity1487 . In contrast to cloning assays cell boluses continued to grow, albeit at a reduced rate, in the presence of high drug concentrations. This was not due to either diminished drug availability in collagen gel or drug penetration into the bolus.

title: Factors affecting growth and drug sensitivity of XXXX @entity5 lines in collagen gel cultures.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: PURPOSE: The  Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) 08-06 study protocol allowed @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) technique to include or exclude @entity0 @entity1 from receiving @entity1161 to the internal mammary lymph node (IMN). The purpose of this study was to assess dosimetric differences between the 2 groups and potential influence on clinical outcome by a dummy run procedure. METHODS AND MATERIALS: All participating institutions were asked to produce @entity1161 plans without irradiation ( @entity487 ) and with irradiation to the IMN ( @entity489 ) for 1 breast-conservation treatment case (breast-conserving surgery [BCS]) and 1 mastectomy case (modified radical mastectomy [MRM]) whose computed tomography images were provided. We assessed interinstitutional variations in IMN delineation and evaluated the dose-volume histograms of the IMN and normal organs. A reference IMN was delineated by an expert panel group based on the study guidelines. Also, we analyzed the potential influence of actual dose variation observed in this study on @entity1 survival. RESULTS: Although physicians intended to exclude the IMN within the @entity1161 field, the data showed almost 59.0% of the prescribed dose was delivered to the IMN in @entity487 . However, the mean doses covering the IMN in @entity487 and @entity489 were significantly different for both cases (P<.001). Due to the probability of @entity1445 in @entity487 , the estimated gain in 7-year disease-free survival rate would be reduced from 10% to 7.9% for BCS cases and 7.1% for MRM cases. The radiation doses to the ipsilateral lung, heart, and coronary artery were lower in @entity487 than in @entity489 . CONCLUSIONS: Although this dummy run study indicated that a substantial dose was delivered to the IMN, even in the nonirradiation group, the dose differences between the 2 groups were statistically significant. However, this dosimetric profile should be studied further with actual @entity1 samples and be taken into consideration when analyzing clinical outcomes according to IMN irradiation.

title: Dummy run of quality assurance program in a phase 3 randomized trial investigating the role of internal mammary lymph node irradiation in XXXX @entity1 : korean radiation oncology group 08-06 study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: The  Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) 08-06 study protocol allowed @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ) technique to include or exclude @entity0 @entity1 from receiving @entity1161 to the internal mammary lymph node (IMN). The purpose of this study was to assess dosimetric differences between the 2 groups and potential influence on clinical outcome by a dummy run procedure. METHODS AND MATERIALS: All participating institutions were asked to produce @entity1161 plans without irradiation ( @entity487 ) and with irradiation to the IMN ( @entity489 ) for 1 breast-conservation treatment case (breast-conserving surgery [BCS]) and 1 mastectomy case (modified radical mastectomy [MRM]) whose computed tomography images were provided. We assessed interinstitutional variations in IMN delineation and evaluated the dose-volume histograms of the IMN and normal organs. A reference IMN was delineated by an expert panel group based on the study guidelines. Also, we analyzed the potential influence of actual dose variation observed in this study on @entity1 survival. RESULTS: Although physicians intended to exclude the IMN within the @entity1161 field, the data showed almost 59.0% of the prescribed dose was delivered to the IMN in @entity487 . However, the mean doses covering the IMN in @entity487 and @entity489 were significantly different for both cases (P<.001). Due to the probability of @entity1445 in @entity487 , the estimated gain in 7-year disease-free survival rate would be reduced from 10% to 7.9% for BCS cases and 7.1% for MRM cases. The radiation doses to the ipsilateral lung, heart, and coronary artery were lower in @entity487 than in @entity489 . CONCLUSIONS: Although this dummy run study indicated that a substantial dose was delivered to the IMN, even in the nonirradiation group, the dose differences between the 2 groups were statistically significant. However, this dosimetric profile should be studied further with actual @entity1 samples and be taken into consideration when analyzing clinical outcomes according to IMN irradiation.

title: Dummy run of quality assurance program in a phase 3 randomized trial investigating the role of internal mammary lymph node irradiation in @entity0 XXXX : korean radiation oncology group 08-06 study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare anterior segment parameters in Chinese and Japanese subjects with angle closure using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT). METHODS: One hundred and forty-two Japanese and one hundred and ninety-two Chinese subjects with primary angle closure (PAC) or primary @entity2747 (PACG) were recruited. All @entity1 underwent A-scan biometry and ASOCT imaging (Visante, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA). Customized software was used to measure ASOCT parameters in horizontal ASOCT scans. The parameters were compared, and multivariate analysis was performed to determine predictors of angle opening distance at 750   m from the scleral spur (AOD750). RESULTS: Ethnic difference evaluated by multiple linear regression adjusted for age, gender, spherical equivalent, @entity5562 , and axial length showed that Japanese angle-closure subjects had significantly shallower anterior chamber depth ( @entity13685 ;b   =   -0.3, p   <   0.001), smaller anterior chamber area (ACA; b   =   -0.21, p   =   0.02) and volume (ACV; b   =   -0.19, p   =   0.01), greater lens vault (LV, b   =   0.3, p   <   0.001), lens thickness (LT; b   =   0.48, p   <   0.001), greater iris area (IArea; b   =   0.19, p   =   0.01), and more curved iris (ICurv; b   =   0.16, p   =   0.04). The significant determinants of AOD750 were @entity1539 ( @entity1539 ; b   =   -0.21, p   =   0.04), ICurv (b   =   -0.17, p   =   0.04), @entity5562 ( @entity5562 ; b   =   -0.34, p   =   0.001) and ACV (b   =   0.32, p   <   0.001) in Japanese; and @entity1539 (b   =   -0.25, p   =   0.001), ACV (b   =   0.37, p   <   0.001), @entity5562 (b   =   -0.26, p   =   0.001), and LV (b   =   -0.18, p   =   0.03) in Chinese. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to Chinese, Japanese angle-closure eyes have smaller and more crowded anterior segment with thicker lenses. ACV, @entity1539 , and @entity5562 are important factors for angle width in both races. These results suggest possible ethnic differences in angle-closure mechanism(s).

title: XXXX in Asians: comparison of biometric and anterior segment parameters between Japanese and Chinese subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity1539 :: ('MESH:D007499', 'Disease') :: ['iris thickness', 'IT']

entities_list: @entity5562 :: ('MESH:D015875', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'pupil diameter']

entities_list: @entity2747 :: ('MESH:D015812', 'Disease') :: ['angle-closure glaucoma']

answer: @entity2747 :: (MESH:D015812,Disease) :: ['Angle-closure glaucoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1678 , a ubiquitous and virulent bacterial pathogen, affects a variety of fishes, including @entity32342 . Existing treatment strategies comprise antibiotic therapies and attenuated bacterial strain-based vaccines. No functional subunit vaccine has been available until now. Given their key role in determining pathogenicity, outer membrane proteins have been successfully explored as potential vaccine candidates. We have devised a direct strategy for eliminating non-specific responses by selectively aiming the immune response against specific immunodominant epitopes of the outer membrane protein F (OmpF) of A. hydrophila (AhOmpF). Five putative epitopes of AhOmpF predicted in silico were genetically conjugated with heat labile enterotoxin chain B of @entity526 (LTB). Recombinant fusion proteins expressed in @entity526 were purified from solubilized inclusion bodies and refolded. The fusion protein retained GM1 @entity4163 receptor binding activity of LTB, indicating proper folding. Four of the five fusion proteins were found to be highly immunogenic. Of the four proteins, antisera against the fusion protein (anti-rEpiF1) harboring 66-80 @entity535 residues of the OmpF gave maximum cross-reactivity with the targeted rOmpF in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and was able to recognize both fusion partners-rOmpF and rLTB-in Western blot. Antibody isotyping of the antisera and cytokine array analysis of the culture supernatants of splenocytes from sensitized @entity19 manifested a mixed @entity630 / @entity61 immune response with a bias toward @entity61 . Anti-rEpiF1 antibodies were able to bind to the cell membrane of live A. hydrophila cells and agglutinate them. Our results thus suggest that the OmpF epitope (66-80) in fusion with a carrier protein is a promising vaccine candidate against A. hydrophila.

title: Identification and immunogenic potential of B cell epitopes of outer membrane protein OmpF of XXXX in translational fusion with a carrier protein.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1678 :: ('644', 'Species') :: ['Aeromonas hydrophila']

entities_list: @entity4163 :: ('CHEBI:28892', 'Chemical') :: ['ganglioside']

answer: @entity1678 :: (644,Species) :: ['Aeromonas hydrophila']


abstract: The effect of @entity4742 ( @entity4743 ) on the composition of tissue gain of Hereford steers was studied in a complete slaughter balance trial. Eight steers were slaughtered initially (IS) and, after 177 days on feed, eight control steers (C) and seven steers that had been fed 20 mg @entity4743 daily ( @entity4743 ) were slaughtered. Initial full body weight averaged 224.8 kg, and final full body weight averaged 403.0 kg for the C steers and 433.6 kg for the @entity4743 steers. Final empty body weight averaged 346.6 kg for the C steers and 368.0 kg for the @entity4743 steers. @entity4743 improved live @entity1017 by 17% and conversion of feed dry matter to live weight by 12%. Recovery of wet weight during slaughter averaged 99.6%. @entity4743 steers had larger rib cut weights and greater proportions of separable lean and bone plus connective tissue in the rib cuts than C steers, an ribeye area tended to be larger in @entity4743 steers. @entity4743 caused a small shift in relative body composition toward more protein, moisture and ash. Tissue gain in @entity4743 steers consisted of 28.3% more protein, 26.0% more moisture, 73.2% more ash, 1.5% less fat and 109.1% more residual (dry matter not accounted for by N x 6.25, ether extract and ash) than did tissue gain in C steers. Energy gain per unit of energy intake over the feeding period was not affected by @entity4743 treatment, but @entity4743 improved protein gain per unit of protein intake and per unit of energy intake by approximately 20% within the total empty body and by about 25% within the carcass fraction. Results confirm indirect estimates in the literature indicating that @entity4743 increases skeletal growth and lean tissue deposition in feedlot steers.

title: Effect of XXXX on tissue gain and carcass merit of feedlot beef steers.

entities_list: @entity4742 :: ('MESH:D004054', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylstilbestrol']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity4742 :: (MESH:D004054,Chemical) :: ['diethylstilbestrol']


abstract: We performed experiments on anesthetized, open-chest @entity235 to determine whether the @entity358 ( @entity1168 and systemic @entity551 ) evoked by stimulating pulmonary C-fibers also involves reflex changes in coronary vascular resistance. We perfused the circumflex coronary artery at constant pressure (usually 100 mm Hg) and recorded mean circumflex blood flow. Stimulation of pulmonary C-fibers by right atrial injection of @entity2951 (10 micrograms/kg) decreased arterial blood pressure and heart rate and increased circumflex blood flow by 32-109% (P less than 0.001). Circumflex blood flow also increased, by 26-100% (P less than 0.001), when heart rate was kept constant by pacing. Coronary vasodilation was not secondary to the reflex decrease in arterial blood pressure. Injecting @entity2951 (10 micrograms/kg) into the left atrium did not increase circumflex blood flow. Reflex coronary vasodilation could still be evoked when myelinated nerve fibers were blocked selectively by cooling the cervical vagus nerves to 7-8 degrees C but was abolished by cooling to 0 degrees C, by cutting the pulmonary vagal branches, or by giving @entity3897 . Reducing coronary perfusion pressure shifted the stimulus (dose of @entity2951 )-response (increase in coronary blood flow) curve to the right, but, even at low perfusion pressures, significant reflex vasodilation still occurred. Regional (transmural) distribution of myocardial blood flow was measured by the microsphere technique at various perfusion pressures. The endocardial:epicardial blood flow ratio decreased significantly as perfusion pressure was reduced, but was not altered by right atrial injection of @entity2951 at any perfusion pressure. Our results indicate that stimulation of pulmonary C-fibers triggers reflex cholinergic vasodilation in all layers of the myocardium.

title: Vagal chemoreflex coronary vasodilation evoked by stimulating pulmonary C-fibers in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary chemoreflex']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The superior thyroid artery (STA) is the most commonly used recipient vessel in free tissue transfer for head and neck reconstruction. Size discrepancy between recipient and donor vessels might affect the patency rate. The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of the "open-Y" technique in end-to-end anastomoses between the STA and donor arteries to those of conventional anastomoses to the STA. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 337 @entity1 with free tissue transfer for head and neck reconstruction with the STA as the recipient artery were recruited between September 2011 and August 2013. The "open-Y" technique of @entity254 was used in 72 cases, whereas the conventional technique was applied in 256 cases. The arterial anastomotic site-related complications and size discrepancy rates of both groups were evaluated and compared. RESULTS: The flap success rate was 98.6% (71/72) in the "open-Y" group, which was similar to the conventional group [97.4% (245/252); P   =   0.999]. Size discrepancy rate was higher in the "open-Y" group [48/72(66.7%)] compared to that in the conventional group [31/265(11.7%), P   <   0.001]. There was no significant difference regarding arterial anastomotic site-related complications between the "open-Y" and conventional groups (1.4% vs.4.2%; P   =   0.473). Others complications, including re-exploration, @entity49 , @entity1410 , @entity292 , @entity281 , partial flap @entity39 and @entity39 , had similar presentations. CONCLUSION: The utility of the "open-Y" technique, applied to STA as a recipient vessel, appeared to be a reasonable option for head and neck reconstruction. This technique seems to be promising for cases with vessels size discrepancy.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2015.

title: Utility of "open-Y" XXXX technique in the use of superior thyroid artery as recipient vessel for head and neck reconstruction with free flap.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'total flap necrosis']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine if type 1 @entity6 is associated with an increased risk of @entity174 across the life span. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This population-based cohort study used data from @entity283 ( @entity283 ) in the U.K. (data from 1994 to 2012), in which 30,394 @entity1 aged 0-89 years with type 1 @entity6 were compared with 303,872 randomly selected age-, sex-, and practice-matched @entity1 without @entity6 . Cox regression analysis was used to determine hazard ratios (HRs) for incident @entity174 in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 . RESULTS: A total of 334,266 @entity1 , median age 34 years, were monitored for 1.9 million @entity1 -years. HR were lowest in males and females age <20 years, with HR 1.14 (95% CI 1.01-1.29) and 1.35 (95% CI 1.12-1.63), respectively. Risk was highest in @entity1 60-69 years (HR 2.18 [95% CI 1.79-2.65]), and in @entity1 40-49 years (HR 2.03 [95% CI 1.73-2.39]). Lower extremity @entity174 comprised a higher proportion of incident @entity174 in @entity1 with versus those without type 1 @entity6 (31.1% vs. 25.1% in males, 39.3% vs. 32% in females; P < 0.001). Secondary analyses for incident @entity173 identified the highest HR of 5.64 (95% CI 3.55-8.97) in @entity1 60-69 years and the highest HR of 5.63 (95% CI 2.25-14.11) in @entity1 30-39 years. CONCLUSIONS: Type 1 @entity6 was associated with increased risk of incident @entity174 that began in childhood and extended across the life span. @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 sustained a disproportionately greater number of lower extremity @entity174 . These findings have important public health implications, given the increasing prevalence of type 1 @entity6 and the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity173 .

title: Type 1 @entity6 Is Associated With an Increased Risk of XXXX Across the Life Span: A Population-Based Cohort Study Using @entity283 ( @entity283 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['THIN', 'The Health Improvement Network']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Fracture']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine if type 1 @entity6 is associated with an increased risk of @entity174 across the life span. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This population-based cohort study used data from @entity283 ( @entity283 ) in the U.K. (data from 1994 to 2012), in which 30,394 @entity1 aged 0-89 years with type 1 @entity6 were compared with 303,872 randomly selected age-, sex-, and practice-matched @entity1 without @entity6 . Cox regression analysis was used to determine hazard ratios (HRs) for incident @entity174 in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 . RESULTS: A total of 334,266 @entity1 , median age 34 years, were monitored for 1.9 million @entity1 -years. HR were lowest in males and females age <20 years, with HR 1.14 (95% CI 1.01-1.29) and 1.35 (95% CI 1.12-1.63), respectively. Risk was highest in @entity1 60-69 years (HR 2.18 [95% CI 1.79-2.65]), and in @entity1 40-49 years (HR 2.03 [95% CI 1.73-2.39]). Lower extremity @entity174 comprised a higher proportion of incident @entity174 in @entity1 with versus those without type 1 @entity6 (31.1% vs. 25.1% in males, 39.3% vs. 32% in females; P < 0.001). Secondary analyses for incident @entity173 identified the highest HR of 5.64 (95% CI 3.55-8.97) in @entity1 60-69 years and the highest HR of 5.63 (95% CI 2.25-14.11) in @entity1 30-39 years. CONCLUSIONS: Type 1 @entity6 was associated with increased risk of incident @entity174 that began in childhood and extended across the life span. @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 sustained a disproportionately greater number of lower extremity @entity174 . These findings have important public health implications, given the increasing prevalence of type 1 @entity6 and the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity173 .

title: Type 1 @entity6 Is Associated With an Increased Risk of @entity174 Across the Life Span: A Population-Based Cohort Study Using XXXX ( @entity283 ).

answer: @entity283 :: (OMIM:603663,Disease) :: ['The Health Improvement Network']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine if type 1 @entity6 is associated with an increased risk of @entity174 across the life span. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This population-based cohort study used data from @entity283 ( @entity283 ) in the U.K. (data from 1994 to 2012), in which 30,394 @entity1 aged 0-89 years with type 1 @entity6 were compared with 303,872 randomly selected age-, sex-, and practice-matched @entity1 without @entity6 . Cox regression analysis was used to determine hazard ratios (HRs) for incident @entity174 in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 . RESULTS: A total of 334,266 @entity1 , median age 34 years, were monitored for 1.9 million @entity1 -years. HR were lowest in males and females age <20 years, with HR 1.14 (95% CI 1.01-1.29) and 1.35 (95% CI 1.12-1.63), respectively. Risk was highest in @entity1 60-69 years (HR 2.18 [95% CI 1.79-2.65]), and in @entity1 40-49 years (HR 2.03 [95% CI 1.73-2.39]). Lower extremity @entity174 comprised a higher proportion of incident @entity174 in @entity1 with versus those without type 1 @entity6 (31.1% vs. 25.1% in males, 39.3% vs. 32% in females; P < 0.001). Secondary analyses for incident @entity173 identified the highest HR of 5.64 (95% CI 3.55-8.97) in @entity1 60-69 years and the highest HR of 5.63 (95% CI 2.25-14.11) in @entity1 30-39 years. CONCLUSIONS: Type 1 @entity6 was associated with increased risk of incident @entity174 that began in childhood and extended across the life span. @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 sustained a disproportionately greater number of lower extremity @entity174 . These findings have important public health implications, given the increasing prevalence of type 1 @entity6 and the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity173 .

title: Type 1 @entity6 Is Associated With an Increased Risk of @entity174 Across the Life Span: A Population-Based Cohort Study Using @entity283 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity283 :: (OMIM:603663,Disease) :: ['THIN']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine if type 1 @entity6 is associated with an increased risk of @entity174 across the life span. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This population-based cohort study used data from @entity283 ( @entity283 ) in the U.K. (data from 1994 to 2012), in which 30,394 @entity1 aged 0-89 years with type 1 @entity6 were compared with 303,872 randomly selected age-, sex-, and practice-matched @entity1 without @entity6 . Cox regression analysis was used to determine hazard ratios (HRs) for incident @entity174 in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 . RESULTS: A total of 334,266 @entity1 , median age 34 years, were monitored for 1.9 million @entity1 -years. HR were lowest in males and females age <20 years, with HR 1.14 (95% CI 1.01-1.29) and 1.35 (95% CI 1.12-1.63), respectively. Risk was highest in @entity1 60-69 years (HR 2.18 [95% CI 1.79-2.65]), and in @entity1 40-49 years (HR 2.03 [95% CI 1.73-2.39]). Lower extremity @entity174 comprised a higher proportion of incident @entity174 in @entity1 with versus those without type 1 @entity6 (31.1% vs. 25.1% in males, 39.3% vs. 32% in females; P < 0.001). Secondary analyses for incident @entity173 identified the highest HR of 5.64 (95% CI 3.55-8.97) in @entity1 60-69 years and the highest HR of 5.63 (95% CI 2.25-14.11) in @entity1 30-39 years. CONCLUSIONS: Type 1 @entity6 was associated with increased risk of incident @entity174 that began in childhood and extended across the life span. @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 sustained a disproportionately greater number of lower extremity @entity174 . These findings have important public health implications, given the increasing prevalence of type 1 @entity6 and the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity173 .

title: Type 1 XXXX Is Associated With an Increased Risk of @entity174 Across the Life Span: A Population-Based Cohort Study Using @entity283 ( @entity283 ).

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: In North America and Europe, the binary toxin positive @entity2718 strains of the ribotypes 027 and 078 have been associated with @entity204 , toxic @entity1528 and other adverse outcomes. Following an increase in @entity2718 infections (CDIs) in Queensland, a prevalence study involving 175 hospitals was undertaken in early 2012, identifying 168 cases of @entity6659 over a 2 month period. @entity1 demographics and clinical characteristics were recorded, and @entity2718 isolates were ribotyped and tested for the presence of binary toxin genes. Most @entity1 (106/168, 63.1_#37;) were aged over 60 years. Overall, 98 (58.3_#37;) developed symptoms after hospitalisation; 89 cases (53.0_#37;) developed symptoms more than 48 hours after admission. Furthermore, 27 of the 62 (67.7_#37;) @entity1 who developed symptoms in the community ad been hospitalised within the last 3 months. Thirteen of the 168 (7.7_#37;) cases identified had severe disease, resulting in admission to the Intensive Care Unit or @entity204 within 30 days of the onset of symptoms. The 3 most common ribotypes isolated were UK 002 (22.9_#37;), UK 014 (13.3_#37;) and the binary toxin-positive ribotype UK 244 (8.4_#37;). The only other binary toxin positive ribotype isolated was UK 078 (n = 1). Of concern was the detection of the binary toxin positive ribotype UK 244, which has recently been described in other parts of Australia and New Zealand. No isolates were of the international epidemic clone of ribotype UK 027, although ribotype UK 244 is genetically related to this clone. Further studies are required to track the epidemiology of ribotype UK 244 in Australia and New Zealand. Commun Dis Intell 2014;38(4):E279-E284.

title: Surveillance snapshot of XXXX infection in hospitals across Queensland detects binary toxin producing ribotype UK 244.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1528 :: ('MESH:D008531', 'Disease') :: ['megacolon']

entities_list: @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['C. difficile', 'Clostridium difficile']

answer: @entity2718 :: (1496,Species) :: ['Clostridium difficile']


abstract: The transmembrane protein CRB3A controls epithelial cell polarization. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of CRB3A function is essential as this protein prevents the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which contributes to @entity5 progression. To investigate the functional impact of altered CRB3A expression in @entity5 cells, we expressed CRB3A in HeLa cells, which are devoid of endogenous CRB3A. While control HeLa cells display a patchy F-actin distribution, CRB3A-expressing cells form a circumferential actomyosin belt. This reorganization of the cytoskeleton is accompanied by a transition from an ameboid cell shape to an epithelial-cell-like morphology. In addition, CRB3A increases the cohesion of HeLa cells. To perform these functions, CRB3A recruits @entity71485 and its activator @entity20913 to the cell periphery using both functional motifs of its cytoplasmic tail and increases @entity3547 activation levels. @entity9067 and @entity23759 ( @entity71486 ), which are critical effectors of @entity3547 , are also essential to modulate the cytoskeleton and cell shape downstream of CRB3A. Overall, our study highlights novel roles for CRB3A and deciphers the signaling pathway conferring to CRB3A the ability to fulfill these functions. Thereby, our data will facilitate further investigation of CRB3A functions and increase our understanding of the cellular defects associated with the loss of CRB3A expression in @entity5 cells.

title: CRB3A Controls the Morphology and Cohesion of Cancer Cells through XXXX / @entity71485 -Dependent Signaling.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity20913 :: (54566,Gene) :: ['Ehm2']


abstract: The transmembrane protein CRB3A controls epithelial cell polarization. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of CRB3A function is essential as this protein prevents the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which contributes to @entity5 progression. To investigate the functional impact of altered CRB3A expression in @entity5 cells, we expressed CRB3A in HeLa cells, which are devoid of endogenous CRB3A. While control HeLa cells display a patchy F-actin distribution, CRB3A-expressing cells form a circumferential actomyosin belt. This reorganization of the cytoskeleton is accompanied by a transition from an ameboid cell shape to an epithelial-cell-like morphology. In addition, CRB3A increases the cohesion of HeLa cells. To perform these functions, CRB3A recruits @entity71485 and its activator @entity20913 to the cell periphery using both functional motifs of its cytoplasmic tail and increases @entity3547 activation levels. @entity9067 and @entity23759 ( @entity71486 ), which are critical effectors of @entity3547 , are also essential to modulate the cytoskeleton and cell shape downstream of CRB3A. Overall, our study highlights novel roles for CRB3A and deciphers the signaling pathway conferring to CRB3A the ability to fulfill these functions. Thereby, our data will facilitate further investigation of CRB3A functions and increase our understanding of the cellular defects associated with the loss of CRB3A expression in @entity5 cells.

title: CRB3A Controls the Morphology and Cohesion of Cancer Cells through @entity20913 / XXXX -Dependent Signaling.

answer: @entity71485 :: (23370;56731,Gene) :: ['p114RhoGEF']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Coarctation of the descending thoracic aorta is uncommon, with controversial etiology. Usually, severe @entity101 is the main symptom; lower @entity613 is less often found. Surgical management remains the standard for long @entity1498 and provides good results. METHODS: We  report three cases of @entity1498 of the descending aorta operated at our department of cardiovascular surgery of Hospital La Rabta between January 2012  and December 2013. RESULTS: The median age was 19  years and the median follow-up was 16  months. @entity101 was the most common clinical manifestation. The diagnosis was made by computed tomography angiography. Two cases were treated by an aorto-aortic bypass and one by subclavian-descending aorta bypass. Recovery was excellent, with a decrease in antihypertensive medications (four to two) and restoration of all distal pulses. CONCLUSIONS: Middle @entity1498 is a rare entity. Etiologies include congenital, acquired, inflammatory and infectious causes. The condition is considered a life-threatening emergency as a result of the complications associated with severe @entity101 . Depending on technical considerations, open surgical bypass remains the standard repair for @entity2333 .

title: [Middle XXXX : A rare vascular disorder.]

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['mid-aortic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['aortic coarctation', 'coarctation']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['extremity claudication']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'Hypertension']

answer: @entity1498 :: (MESH:D001017,Disease) :: ['aortic coarctation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) often report inadequate access to comprehensive @entity1 education resources. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to incorporate community-engagement principles within a mixed-method research design to evaluate the usability and acceptability of a self-tailored social media resource center for medically underserved @entity1 with @entity1030 . METHODS: A multiphase sequential design (qual  >  QUANT  >  quant + QUAL) was incorporated into the current study, whereby a small-scale qualitative (qual) study informed the design of a social media website prototype that was tested with @entity1 during a computer-based usability study (QUANT). To identify usability violations and determine whether or not @entity1 found the website prototype acceptable for use, each @entity1 was asked to complete an 18-item website usability and acceptability questionnaire, as well as a retrospective, in-depth, semistructured interview (quant + QUAL). RESULTS: The majority of medically underserved @entity1 with @entity1030 (n=8, mean 56 years, SD 7) found the social media website prototype to be easy to navigate and relevant to their self-management information needs. Mean responses on the 18-item website usability and acceptability questionnaire were very high on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) (mean 4.72, SD 0.33). However, the majority of @entity1 identified several usability violations related to the prototype's information design, interactive capabilities, and navigational structure. Specifically, 6 out of 8 (75%) @entity1 struggled to create a log-in account to access the prototype, and 7 out of 8 @entity1 (88%) experienced difficulty posting and replying to comments on an interactive discussion forum. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 perceptions of most social media website prototype features (eg, clickable picture-based screenshots of videos, comment tools) were largely positive. Mixed-method stakeholder feedback was used to make design recommendations, categorize usability violations, and prioritize potential solutions for improving the usability of a social media resource center for @entity1030 @entity1 education.

title: Engaging community stakeholders to evaluate the design, usability, and acceptability of a XXXX social media resource center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity18871 ( @entity18871 ) is a rare benign neoplasm that occurs almost exclusively in the nasopharynx of adolescent male individuals. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study to determine the efficacy and safety of preoperative embolization and the surgical outcome in @entity1 with @entity18871 in a single-center institution. Fifteen cases undergoing embolization and surgical treatment between April 2003 and February 2013 were evaluated retrospectively. The demographic data, clinical presentation, and treatment were reviewed including the kind of preoperative embolization and different surgical approaches performed. The parameters investigated were the amount of @entity190 , the @entity5 stage, and the rates of recurrence. Subsequently, a comparison was made between @entity1 who had undergone Onyx(  ) embolization versus those who had been embolized with the standard approach. RESULTS: In these 15 @entity1 (mean age, 15 years), a total of 27 surgical procedures were performed. One @entity1 was at stage Ia, two were at stage Ib, two were at stage IIa, six were at stage IIb, one was at stage IIc, and three were at stage IIIa based on the Radkowsky classification. All @entity1 underwent preoperative embolization and subsequent surgery. The surgical approach and the embolization technique varied and evolved during time. The embolization procedure decreased the intraoperative @entity190 to a minimum of 250  ml, and with the advent of intratumoral embolization, the rate of recurrence diminished. CONCLUSION: Preoperative Onyx(  ) embolization facilitates the shift in the treatment to endoscopic excision in selected @entity1 , which reduces recurrence rates and overall morbidity.

title: Preoperative Embolization to Improve the Surgical Management and Outcome of @entity18871 ( XXXX ) in a Single Center: 10-Year Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity18871 :: ('MESH:D018322', 'Disease') :: ['Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma', 'JNA']

answer: @entity18871 :: (MESH:D018322,Disease) :: ['JNA']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity18871 ( @entity18871 ) is a rare benign neoplasm that occurs almost exclusively in the nasopharynx of adolescent male individuals. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study to determine the efficacy and safety of preoperative embolization and the surgical outcome in @entity1 with @entity18871 in a single-center institution. Fifteen cases undergoing embolization and surgical treatment between April 2003 and February 2013 were evaluated retrospectively. The demographic data, clinical presentation, and treatment were reviewed including the kind of preoperative embolization and different surgical approaches performed. The parameters investigated were the amount of @entity190 , the @entity5 stage, and the rates of recurrence. Subsequently, a comparison was made between @entity1 who had undergone Onyx(  ) embolization versus those who had been embolized with the standard approach. RESULTS: In these 15 @entity1 (mean age, 15 years), a total of 27 surgical procedures were performed. One @entity1 was at stage Ia, two were at stage Ib, two were at stage IIa, six were at stage IIb, one was at stage IIc, and three were at stage IIIa based on the Radkowsky classification. All @entity1 underwent preoperative embolization and subsequent surgery. The surgical approach and the embolization technique varied and evolved during time. The embolization procedure decreased the intraoperative @entity190 to a minimum of 250  ml, and with the advent of intratumoral embolization, the rate of recurrence diminished. CONCLUSION: Preoperative Onyx(  ) embolization facilitates the shift in the treatment to endoscopic excision in selected @entity1 , which reduces recurrence rates and overall morbidity.

title: Preoperative Embolization to Improve the Surgical Management and Outcome of XXXX ( @entity18871 ) in a Single Center: 10-Year Experience.

answer: @entity18871 :: (MESH:D018322,Disease) :: ['Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity10870 ( @entity10870 ) show @entity73 and production of spoken language, and can also present with motor, auditory, and phonological difficulties. Recent auditory studies have shown impaired sensitivity to amplitude rise time (ART) in @entity1 with @entity10870 , along with non-speech rhythmic timing difficulties. Linguistically, these @entity73 should affect sensitivity to speech prosody and syllable stress. Here we used two tasks requiring sensitivity to prosodic structure, the DeeDee task and a stress misperception task, to investigate this hypothesis. We also measured auditory processing of ART, rising pitch and sound duration, in both speech ("ba") and non-speech (tone) stimuli. @entity1 were 45 @entity1 with @entity22294 aged on average 9 years and 50 age-matched controls. We report data for all the @entity22294 @entity1 (N = 45, IQ varying), as well as for two independent @entity22294 subgroupings with intact IQ. One subgroup, "Pure @entity22294 ," had intact phonology and reading (N = 16), the other, " @entity22294 @entity11595 " (N = 15), had impaired phonology and reading. Problems with syllable stress and prosodic structure were found for all the group comparisons. Both sub-groups with intact IQ showed reduced sensitivity to ART in speech stimuli, but the @entity11595 subgroup also showed reduced sensitivity to sound duration in speech stimuli. Individual differences in processing syllable stress were associated with auditory processing. These data support a new hypothesis, the "prosodic phrasing" hypothesis, which proposes that grammatical difficulties in @entity22294 may reflect perceptual difficulties with global prosodic structure related to @entity1650 in processing amplitude rise time and duration.

title: Basic auditory processing and sensitivity to prosodic structure in @entity1 with XXXX : a new look at a perceptual hypothesis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['perceptual impairments', 'impaired perception']

entities_list: @entity1650 :: ('MESH:D001308', 'Disease') :: ['auditory impairments']

entities_list: @entity10870 :: ('OMIM:606712', 'Disease') :: ['SLIs', 'specific language impairments']

answer: @entity10870 :: (OMIM:606712,Disease) :: ['specific language impairments']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity10870 ( @entity10870 ) show @entity73 and production of spoken language, and can also present with motor, auditory, and phonological difficulties. Recent auditory studies have shown impaired sensitivity to amplitude rise time (ART) in @entity1 with @entity10870 , along with non-speech rhythmic timing difficulties. Linguistically, these @entity73 should affect sensitivity to speech prosody and syllable stress. Here we used two tasks requiring sensitivity to prosodic structure, the DeeDee task and a stress misperception task, to investigate this hypothesis. We also measured auditory processing of ART, rising pitch and sound duration, in both speech ("ba") and non-speech (tone) stimuli. @entity1 were 45 @entity1 with @entity22294 aged on average 9 years and 50 age-matched controls. We report data for all the @entity22294 @entity1 (N = 45, IQ varying), as well as for two independent @entity22294 subgroupings with intact IQ. One subgroup, "Pure @entity22294 ," had intact phonology and reading (N = 16), the other, " @entity22294 @entity11595 " (N = 15), had impaired phonology and reading. Problems with syllable stress and prosodic structure were found for all the group comparisons. Both sub-groups with intact IQ showed reduced sensitivity to ART in speech stimuli, but the @entity11595 subgroup also showed reduced sensitivity to sound duration in speech stimuli. Individual differences in processing syllable stress were associated with auditory processing. These data support a new hypothesis, the "prosodic phrasing" hypothesis, which proposes that grammatical difficulties in @entity22294 may reflect perceptual difficulties with global prosodic structure related to @entity1650 in processing amplitude rise time and duration.

title: Basic auditory processing and sensitivity to prosodic structure in XXXX with @entity10870 : a new look at a perceptual hypothesis.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the current study was to determine how a control temperature and acute and chronic high eggshell temperatures during the last three days of incubation, can affect hatchability, @entity1573 quality, and organ development on day of hatch as well as broiler performance and @entity843 incidence in later life. The eggshell temperature manipulations were applied during hatching term (days 19 to 21) as follows: control EST (37.3 to 38.0  C), acute high eggshell temperature manipulations (38.4- to 39.0  C for three hours daily) and chronic high eggshell temperature manipulations (38.4 to 39.0  C). The lowest hatchability and the highest cull @entity1573 rate were in the chronic high eggshell temperature manipulations group. Lower @entity1573 quality parameters correlated with lower @entity1573 weights and heavier residual yolk sac weights that were in the chronic high eggshell temperature manipulations group depending on hatch time. The live weights on the 1(st) day of the growing period were higher in the control and acute high eggshell temperature manipulations groups than the chronic high eggshell temperature manipulations group. At 6 wk of age, live weights of broilers were the highest in the control than in the acute and chronic high eggshell temperature manipulations groups. The total mortality was 2.5, 9.2, and 13.3%, the mortality due to @entity843 was 2.1, 8.3, and 12.9% in the control, acute ,and chronic high eggshell temperature manipulations groups, respectively. The right ventricular/total ventricular ratios for the control, acute and chronic high eggshell temperature manipulations groups were 0.22, 0.28, and 0.30%, respectively. In conclusion, short-term and long-term higher temperatures during the hatching term affect embryo development, incubation results, broiler performance, and @entity843 incidence. Although the acute high eggshell temperature manipulations did not affect the @entity1573 quality parameters at hatch, it negatively affected incubation results and broiler performance, especially mortality due to @entity843 .

title: Acute and chronic eggshell temperature manipulations during hatching term influence hatchability, broiler performance, and XXXX incidence.

answer: @entity843 :: (MESH:D001201,Disease) :: ['ascites']


abstract: A comparative study of @entity1 dying acutely and non-acutely from @entity301 was performed. The average age of the acute @entity204 group was significantly lower than the non-acute @entity204 group. There is no difference between the average age at @entity204 of the latter and that of those @entity1 who died from non-coronary causes. The majority of @entity1 with @entity741 ( @entity741 ) died a @entity944 . This proportion is especially high among males under 50. Taking into account the different manifestations of @entity741 most males and females with @entity944 died as a consequence of acute @entity301 . In the group of non-acute coronary deaths, acute and recurrent @entity583 dominated as the cause of @entity204 . @entity1186 was less frequent in the acute compared to the non-acute @entity204 group. There was no significant difference in the frequency of @entity7086 between the two groups. Severe @entity453 was substantially more frequent in the acute group compared with the non-acute.

title: [Comparative studies of sudden and @entity944 due to XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity7086 :: ('MESH:D006341', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac rupture']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary insufficiency', 'coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary arteriosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['chronic ischemic heart disease', 'CIHD']

entities_list: @entity1186 :: ('MESH:D003328', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary disease']


abstract: A comparative study of @entity1 dying acutely and non-acutely from @entity301 was performed. The average age of the acute @entity204 group was significantly lower than the non-acute @entity204 group. There is no difference between the average age at @entity204 of the latter and that of those @entity1 who died from non-coronary causes. The majority of @entity1 with @entity741 ( @entity741 ) died a @entity944 . This proportion is especially high among males under 50. Taking into account the different manifestations of @entity741 most males and females with @entity944 died as a consequence of acute @entity301 . In the group of non-acute coronary deaths, acute and recurrent @entity583 dominated as the cause of @entity204 . @entity1186 was less frequent in the acute compared to the non-acute @entity204 group. There was no significant difference in the frequency of @entity7086 between the two groups. Severe @entity453 was substantially more frequent in the acute group compared with the non-acute.

title: [Comparative studies of sudden and XXXX due to @entity301 ].

answer: @entity944 :: (MESH:D003645,Disease) :: ['non-sudden death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fracture sequelae of @entity6342 arise following nonoperative and operative forms of treatment. Due to a painful restricted range of motion, in most cases shoulder prostheses are implanted. There is a need for joint-preserving alternatives especially for younger @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical techniques and prospective results of @entity174 sequelae of @entity6342 following corrective osteosynthesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 11  @entity1 (4 female) with an average age of 53 years (range 29-71 years) and a mean follow-up of 19.5 months were included prospectively. The preoperative and postoperative ranges of motion of the affected shoulder were compared by statistical means. At the time of follow-up the constant score (CS), the simple shoulder test (SST) and the simple shoulder value ( @entity12432 ) were assessed. RESULTS: Fracture sequelae were classified as type II in four @entity1 , as type III in two and as type IV in five @entity1 using the Boileau classification. Shoulder flexion (p   =   0.006), abduction (p   =   0.003) and external rotation (p   =   0.02) improved significantly in the postoperative course. The mean age and gender-adapted CS was 74.8        19.9   % at the time of follow-up, 10.1 out of 12  points were reached in the SST and the mean @entity12432 was 77   %. CONCLUSION: Corrective osteosynthesis of @entity174 sequelae (Boileau types II-IV) of @entity6342 appears to be a good alternative to implantation of shoulder prostheses, especially in younger @entity1 (<   60  years of age).

title: [Corrective osteosynthesis of XXXX : Technique and prospective results].

entities_list: @entity6342 :: ('MESH:D012784', 'Disease') :: ['proximal humeral fractures']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity6342 :: (MESH:D012784,Disease) :: ['proximal humeral fractures']


abstract: The DNA contents of 33 @entity977 from @entity1 with @entity2012 were analysed with flow-cytofluorometry. Degrees of ploidy and the proliferation rate, expressed as percentage of cells in S-phase, were determined. The aim was to compare these morphological and functional @entity5 properties with clinical and laboratory parameters to establish a possible relation and to further elucidate the characteristics of these @entity5 . In 15 @entity5 (45%) diploid DNA pattern were found, while 18 (55%) showed varying degrees of @entity2007 . The frequency of cells in S-phase showed wide variations and were equally distributed in diploid and @entity5 . Duration of symptoms, age at diagnosis, preoperative @entity2124 ( @entity2124 )- and prolactin (Prl)-levels, @entity5 size and grade of invasive @entity5 growth as determined by radiological estimations, did not correlate to ploidy or grade of proliferation. The lack of correlation between DNA pattern and proliferation rate in relation to clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters in @entity5 causing @entity2012 contrasts to the documented relation between the degree of ploidy, cells in proliferation and grade of @entity5 reported in @entity5 of other sites. The 55% aneuploid @entity2124 producing @entity5 indicate a certain malignant transformation. The high frequency of cells in S-phase in several @entity2124 secreting @entity5 completes the malignant morphological and functional cell properties. The benign character of @entity5 causing @entity2012 is therefore in contrast to these findings. The lack of clinical significance of the DNA pattern and the frequency of cells in proliferation in @entity2124 producing @entity5 and the benign character despite malignant cell properties in most of these @entity5 are difficult to explain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: DNA and S-phase representation in @entity1 XXXX producing @entity977 .

entities_list: @entity2007 :: ('MESH:D000782', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'aneuploid tumours', 'malignancy', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

answer: @entity2124 :: (2688,Gene) :: ['growth hormone']


abstract: The DNA contents of 33 @entity977 from @entity1 with @entity2012 were analysed with flow-cytofluorometry. Degrees of ploidy and the proliferation rate, expressed as percentage of cells in S-phase, were determined. The aim was to compare these morphological and functional @entity5 properties with clinical and laboratory parameters to establish a possible relation and to further elucidate the characteristics of these @entity5 . In 15 @entity5 (45%) diploid DNA pattern were found, while 18 (55%) showed varying degrees of @entity2007 . The frequency of cells in S-phase showed wide variations and were equally distributed in diploid and @entity5 . Duration of symptoms, age at diagnosis, preoperative @entity2124 ( @entity2124 )- and prolactin (Prl)-levels, @entity5 size and grade of invasive @entity5 growth as determined by radiological estimations, did not correlate to ploidy or grade of proliferation. The lack of correlation between DNA pattern and proliferation rate in relation to clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters in @entity5 causing @entity2012 contrasts to the documented relation between the degree of ploidy, cells in proliferation and grade of @entity5 reported in @entity5 of other sites. The 55% aneuploid @entity2124 producing @entity5 indicate a certain malignant transformation. The high frequency of cells in S-phase in several @entity2124 secreting @entity5 completes the malignant morphological and functional cell properties. The benign character of @entity5 causing @entity2012 is therefore in contrast to these findings. The lack of clinical significance of the DNA pattern and the frequency of cells in proliferation in @entity2124 producing @entity5 and the benign character despite malignant cell properties in most of these @entity5 are difficult to explain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: DNA and S-phase representation in @entity1 @entity2124 producing XXXX .

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary adenomas']


abstract: The DNA contents of 33 @entity977 from @entity1 with @entity2012 were analysed with flow-cytofluorometry. Degrees of ploidy and the proliferation rate, expressed as percentage of cells in S-phase, were determined. The aim was to compare these morphological and functional @entity5 properties with clinical and laboratory parameters to establish a possible relation and to further elucidate the characteristics of these @entity5 . In 15 @entity5 (45%) diploid DNA pattern were found, while 18 (55%) showed varying degrees of @entity2007 . The frequency of cells in S-phase showed wide variations and were equally distributed in diploid and @entity5 . Duration of symptoms, age at diagnosis, preoperative @entity2124 ( @entity2124 )- and prolactin (Prl)-levels, @entity5 size and grade of invasive @entity5 growth as determined by radiological estimations, did not correlate to ploidy or grade of proliferation. The lack of correlation between DNA pattern and proliferation rate in relation to clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters in @entity5 causing @entity2012 contrasts to the documented relation between the degree of ploidy, cells in proliferation and grade of @entity5 reported in @entity5 of other sites. The 55% aneuploid @entity2124 producing @entity5 indicate a certain malignant transformation. The high frequency of cells in S-phase in several @entity2124 secreting @entity5 completes the malignant morphological and functional cell properties. The benign character of @entity5 causing @entity2012 is therefore in contrast to these findings. The lack of clinical significance of the DNA pattern and the frequency of cells in proliferation in @entity2124 producing @entity5 and the benign character despite malignant cell properties in most of these @entity5 are difficult to explain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: DNA and S-phase representation in XXXX @entity2124 producing @entity977 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity8 is often used in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity1358 , either preoperatively to facilitate nephrectomy or as palliative therapy in advanced cases. Eighteen @entity1 (18/58; 31%) underwent @entity8 in our department since 1979, initial 10 cases with Gelfoam and steel coil (group G) and recent 8 cases with absolute @entity1068 (group A). Clinical studies of daily changes of symptoms and blood chemistry in both groups after embolization were compared and the results were as follows: @entity812 was noted immediately after embolization but thereafter well controlled without analgesics in group A. The @entity1 in group G experienced no @entity158 during the procedure of embolization but have had moderate @entity812 of two or three days' duration with @entity1209 and required surgical procedure within a few days after embolization. Post embolization fever in group A was described as higher than that in group G significantly. @entity491 was noted to be persistent for up to seven days and blood chemistry showed transient marked elevations of GOT, @entity6283 and LDH immediately after the procedure without significant value in both groups. Embolization to advanced @entity5 with many parasitic vessels or massive local invasion may not always be available for remaining of viable-appearing @entity5 cells in venous lumen, as if palliative treatment. Absolute @entity1068 may be more useful as the embolizing substance than Gelfoam and steel coil by reason of producing wide severe @entity1188 of diseased kidney. Broad marked @entity1416 may make pathological diagnosis difficult. Immunological effects of @entity8 were not observed in short term @entity1 survival.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ @entity8 for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal arterial embolization', 'renal arterial embolization']

entities_list: @entity812 :: ('MESH:D021501', 'Disease') :: ['flank pain', 'Severe flank pain']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['infarction due to renal arterial embolization']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['Leukocytosis']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['nausea and/or vomiting']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: @entity8 is often used in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity1358 , either preoperatively to facilitate nephrectomy or as palliative therapy in advanced cases. Eighteen @entity1 (18/58; 31%) underwent @entity8 in our department since 1979, initial 10 cases with Gelfoam and steel coil (group G) and recent 8 cases with absolute @entity1068 (group A). Clinical studies of daily changes of symptoms and blood chemistry in both groups after embolization were compared and the results were as follows: @entity812 was noted immediately after embolization but thereafter well controlled without analgesics in group A. The @entity1 in group G experienced no @entity158 during the procedure of embolization but have had moderate @entity812 of two or three days' duration with @entity1209 and required surgical procedure within a few days after embolization. Post embolization fever in group A was described as higher than that in group G significantly. @entity491 was noted to be persistent for up to seven days and blood chemistry showed transient marked elevations of GOT, @entity6283 and LDH immediately after the procedure without significant value in both groups. Embolization to advanced @entity5 with many parasitic vessels or massive local invasion may not always be available for remaining of viable-appearing @entity5 cells in venous lumen, as if palliative treatment. Absolute @entity1068 may be more useful as the embolizing substance than Gelfoam and steel coil by reason of producing wide severe @entity1188 of diseased kidney. Broad marked @entity1416 may make pathological diagnosis difficult. Immunological effects of @entity8 were not observed in short term @entity1 survival.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX for @entity1358 ].

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal arterial embolization']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity794 is one of the most relevant pathogens causing clinical and subclinical, chronic @entity1271 in dairy animals. Routinely, @entity1271 pathogens are isolated and classified to genus or species level, and regarded as single entities. However, @entity794 includes a broad range of genotypes with distinct pathogenic and epidemiologic characteristics. The objective of the present study was to assess the host-specificity of @entity794 causing @entity1271 in dairy animals, based on phylogenetic and genotypic characterization as well as the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in the pathogen genome. @entity794 isolates from @entity1271 in @entity291 , @entity742 and @entity1237 in Israel, and from @entity291 in Germany, the USA and Italy, were compared by the following methods: a. Bayesian phylogenetic comparison of sequences of genes nuc, coa, lukF and clfA, b. genotyping by spa and agr typing, and assignment to MLST Clonal Complexes (MLST CC), and c. the presence of a broad array of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Overall, phylogenetic, virulence and genotyping approaches agreed with each other. @entity291 isolates could be differentiated from @entity742 and @entity1237 isolates with all three methods, with different resolution. In two phylogenetic clusters, segregation was found also between @entity291 isolates from Israel and abroad. @entity742 and @entity1237 ' isolates showed less variability than isolates from @entity291 in all methods used. In conclusion, different @entity794 lineages are associated to @entity291 in contrast to @entity1237 and @entity742 , suggesting co-evolution between pathogen and host species. Modern diagnostics approaches should aim to explore molecular data for a better understanding and cost-effective management of @entity1271 .

title: Host-specificity of XXXX causing intramammary infections in dairy animals assessed by genotyping and virulence genes.

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: The haemodynamic tolerance of intravenous @entity10719 was evaluated during the acute phase of @entity583 . This is a beta-blocker with an intrinsic beta-stimulant effect. The study consisted of 14 @entity1 (10 cases of inferior @entity1188 and 4 cases of anterior @entity1188 ) with a mean capillary pressure of less than 20 mmHg and a cardiac index greater than 2 l X min-1 X m-2. The minimal dose of @entity10719 was 0.05 mg X kg-1 X h-1 and the maximal dose was 0.125 mg X kg-1 X h-1. The intravenous infusion of @entity10719 was commenced between 3 and 12 hours (average: 7.5 hours) after the @entity1188 and was continued for 48 hours, at which time it was replaced by oral administration. The mean total intravenous dose was 409 mg (from 190 to 510 mg). Two @entity1 were excluded from the protocol because of the development of 2nd degree @entity713 several minutes after the beginning of the infusion. The basal values of the cardiac index (2.7 l X min-1 X m-2 +/- 0.37), the mean capillary pressure (9.4 mmHg +/- 2.7) and the systolic index (38.3 ml/m2 +/- 6.4) did not change significantly during the infusion, in the 14 @entity1 studied. The double product, heart rate x blood pressure, decreased from the mean basal value of 9,443 to 7,680 at 24 hours and to 7,000 at 48 hours (p less than 0.05). @entity10719 does not depress left ventricular function, provided that it is reserved for @entity1 with class I or II disease according to Killip and Kimball's classification.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Hemodynamic effects of intravenous XXXX in the acute phase of @entity583 ].

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity10719 :: ('MESH:D000070', 'Chemical') :: ['acebutolol', 'Acebutolol']

answer: @entity10719 :: (MESH:D000070,Chemical) :: ['acebutolol']


abstract: The haemodynamic tolerance of intravenous @entity10719 was evaluated during the acute phase of @entity583 . This is a beta-blocker with an intrinsic beta-stimulant effect. The study consisted of 14 @entity1 (10 cases of inferior @entity1188 and 4 cases of anterior @entity1188 ) with a mean capillary pressure of less than 20 mmHg and a cardiac index greater than 2 l X min-1 X m-2. The minimal dose of @entity10719 was 0.05 mg X kg-1 X h-1 and the maximal dose was 0.125 mg X kg-1 X h-1. The intravenous infusion of @entity10719 was commenced between 3 and 12 hours (average: 7.5 hours) after the @entity1188 and was continued for 48 hours, at which time it was replaced by oral administration. The mean total intravenous dose was 409 mg (from 190 to 510 mg). Two @entity1 were excluded from the protocol because of the development of 2nd degree @entity713 several minutes after the beginning of the infusion. The basal values of the cardiac index (2.7 l X min-1 X m-2 +/- 0.37), the mean capillary pressure (9.4 mmHg +/- 2.7) and the systolic index (38.3 ml/m2 +/- 6.4) did not change significantly during the infusion, in the 14 @entity1 studied. The double product, heart rate x blood pressure, decreased from the mean basal value of 9,443 to 7,680 at 24 hours and to 7,000 at 48 hours (p less than 0.05). @entity10719 does not depress left ventricular function, provided that it is reserved for @entity1 with class I or II disease according to Killip and Kimball's classification.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Hemodynamic effects of intravenous @entity10719 in the acute phase of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: Background This study aimed to investigate the @entity1841 ( @entity1841 ) levels in serum and synovial fluid (SF) of @entity1 with primary @entity626 ( @entity571 ) and to exam its correlation with radiographic and symptomatic severity of the disease. Material and Methods A total of 37 knee @entity571 @entity1 and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Knee @entity571 radiographic grading was performed according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading system by evaluating X-ray changes observed in anteroposterior knee radiography. Symptomatic severity of the disease was evaluated according to the Western Ontario @entity571 Index (WOMAC) scores. @entity1841 levels in serum and SF were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum @entity1841 level in @entity1 with knee @entity571 was higher than that in healthy controls. Knee @entity571 @entity1 with KL grade 4 showed significantly elevated @entity1841 levels in the serum and SF compared with those with KL grade 2 and 3. Knee @entity571 @entity1 with KL grade 3 had significant higher SF levels of @entity1841 than those with KL grade 2. @entity1841 levels in the serum and SF of knee @entity571 @entity1 were both positively correlated with KL grades and WOMAC scores. Conclusions @entity1841 levels in serum and SF were closely related to the radiographic and symptomatic severity of knee @entity571 and may serve as an alternative biochemical parameter to determine disease severity of primary knee @entity571 .

title: Correlation of @entity1841 levels in serum and synovial fluid with disease severity of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity1841 :: ('650', 'Gene') :: ['BMP2', 'BMP-2', 'bone morphogenetic protein-2']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'McMaster University Osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: Background This study aimed to investigate the @entity1841 ( @entity1841 ) levels in serum and synovial fluid (SF) of @entity1 with primary @entity626 ( @entity571 ) and to exam its correlation with radiographic and symptomatic severity of the disease. Material and Methods A total of 37 knee @entity571 @entity1 and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Knee @entity571 radiographic grading was performed according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading system by evaluating X-ray changes observed in anteroposterior knee radiography. Symptomatic severity of the disease was evaluated according to the Western Ontario @entity571 Index (WOMAC) scores. @entity1841 levels in serum and SF were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum @entity1841 level in @entity1 with knee @entity571 was higher than that in healthy controls. Knee @entity571 @entity1 with KL grade 4 showed significantly elevated @entity1841 levels in the serum and SF compared with those with KL grade 2 and 3. Knee @entity571 @entity1 with KL grade 3 had significant higher SF levels of @entity1841 than those with KL grade 2. @entity1841 levels in the serum and SF of knee @entity571 @entity1 were both positively correlated with KL grades and WOMAC scores. Conclusions @entity1841 levels in serum and SF were closely related to the radiographic and symptomatic severity of knee @entity571 and may serve as an alternative biochemical parameter to determine disease severity of primary knee @entity571 .

title: Correlation of XXXX levels in serum and synovial fluid with disease severity of @entity626 .

answer: @entity1841 :: (650,Gene) :: ['bone morphogenetic protein-2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increasing incidence and prevalence of @entity483 ( @entity483 ) demands new therapeutic approaches for treating the disease. We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of immunomodulator @entity20083 ointment (fingolimod) for mite-induced intractable @entity483 using an NC/Nga @entity19 model. METHODS: Female NC/Nga @entity19 that developed severe @entity483 were divided into four groups: (1) @entity20083 (0.001% @entity20083 ointment), (2) @entity1140 ( @entity57158 ointment) (3) @entity5935 ( @entity5935 ointment), and (4) ointment base (hydrophilic petrolatum), all of which received treatment six times per week. Therapeutic efficacy after two weeks was evaluated in terms of @entity483 severity, histochemical observations (epidermal @entity1184 , mast cell accumulation, and CD3(+) T cell infiltration), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and epidermal barrier function (filaggrin expression). RESULTS: @entity5935 treatment showed little effect, confirming that the @entity483 was intractable. In the @entity20083 group, @entity483 improved significantly compared with the ointment base group, as did epidermal @entity1184 , mast cell accumulation, and CD3(+) T cell infiltration. In contrast, @entity483 in the @entity1140 and @entity5935 groups did not improve significantly, nor did epidermal @entity1184 or mast cell accumulation. Furthermore, in the @entity20083 group, TEWL decreased significantly compared with the ointment base group, and filaggrin expression significantly increased compared with the @entity5935 and ointment base groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity20083 ointment is a promising candidate for treatment of intractable @entity483 . These findings also provide the first evidence that @entity20083 ointment ameliorates epidermal barrier function.

title: Therapeutic approach to mite-induced intractable dermatitis using novel immunomodulator XXXX ointment (fingolimod) in NC/Nga @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis', 'AD']

entities_list: @entity57158 :: ('CHEBI:61057', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus hydrate']

entities_list: @entity5935 :: ('MESH:D001623', 'Chemical') :: ['Betamethasone', 'betamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity20083 :: (MESH:C098720,Chemical) :: ['FTY720']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increasing incidence and prevalence of @entity483 ( @entity483 ) demands new therapeutic approaches for treating the disease. We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of immunomodulator @entity20083 ointment (fingolimod) for mite-induced intractable @entity483 using an NC/Nga @entity19 model. METHODS: Female NC/Nga @entity19 that developed severe @entity483 were divided into four groups: (1) @entity20083 (0.001% @entity20083 ointment), (2) @entity1140 ( @entity57158 ointment) (3) @entity5935 ( @entity5935 ointment), and (4) ointment base (hydrophilic petrolatum), all of which received treatment six times per week. Therapeutic efficacy after two weeks was evaluated in terms of @entity483 severity, histochemical observations (epidermal @entity1184 , mast cell accumulation, and CD3(+) T cell infiltration), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and epidermal barrier function (filaggrin expression). RESULTS: @entity5935 treatment showed little effect, confirming that the @entity483 was intractable. In the @entity20083 group, @entity483 improved significantly compared with the ointment base group, as did epidermal @entity1184 , mast cell accumulation, and CD3(+) T cell infiltration. In contrast, @entity483 in the @entity1140 and @entity5935 groups did not improve significantly, nor did epidermal @entity1184 or mast cell accumulation. Furthermore, in the @entity20083 group, TEWL decreased significantly compared with the ointment base group, and filaggrin expression significantly increased compared with the @entity5935 and ointment base groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity20083 ointment is a promising candidate for treatment of intractable @entity483 . These findings also provide the first evidence that @entity20083 ointment ameliorates epidermal barrier function.

title: Therapeutic approach to mite-induced intractable dermatitis using novel immunomodulator @entity20083 ointment (fingolimod) in NC/Nga XXXX .

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity6711 ( @entity6711 ) @entity566 or @entity2329 produce serum IgE specific to the antigens of @entity6711 or @entity2199 Ascaris, respectively. Although @entity1 IgE cross-reactivity has been reported between @entity6711 and Ascaris antigens, it remains unclear whether it contributes to the pathogenesis of @entity56 . We herein investigated the induction of cross-reactive antibodies and T cells in @entity19 and effects of airway exposure to @entity6711 antigens after preimmunization with Ascaris antigens. METHODS: @entity19 were intraperitoneally immunized with @entity6711 or Ascaris antigens with Alum, followed by the intranasal administration of @entity6711 antigens. Serum antigen-specific IgE and IgG were measured by ELISA. Cytokine release in splenocytes from Ascaris-immunized @entity19 upon in  vitro restimulation with @entity6711 antigens were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Immunization with Ascaris or @entity6711 antigens induced cross-reactive @entity6527 . Splenocytes from Ascaris-immunized @entity19 released @entity59 and @entity1312 in response to the restimulation with @entity6711 antigens. Subsequent airway exposure to @entity6711 antigens promoted the induction of @entity6711 -specific IgE and upregulation of @entity6711 -specific @entity6527 in Ascaris-immunized @entity19 , whereas these responses were not detected or smaller without the Ascaris presensitization. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that the immunization of na  ve @entity19 with Ascaris antigens induced production of antibodies and differentiation of Th2 cells, which were cross-reactive to @entity6711 antigens, and accelerated induction of serum @entity6711 -specific IgE upon subsequent airway exposure to @entity6711 antigens in @entity19 . These results suggest that sensitization to @entity6711 towards IgE-mediated @entity56 is faster in individuals with a previous history of @entity281 than in those without presensitization to Ascaris.

title: Presensitization to Ascaris antigens promotes induction of mite-specific IgE upon mite antigen inhalation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2329 :: ('MESH:D001196', 'Disease') :: ['Ascariasis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Ascaris infection']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases']

entities_list: @entity6711 :: ('MESH:D008924', 'Disease') :: ['HDM', 'house dust mite']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Single group, pretest-post-test study. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of a non-task-specific, voluntary, progressive aerobic exercise training (AET) intervention on fitness and walking-related outcomes in ambulatory adults with chronic motor-incomplete SCI. SETTING: Rehabilitation research center. METHODS: Ten ambulatory individuals (50% female; 57.94  9.33 years old; 11.11  9.66 years postinjury) completed voluntary, progressive moderate-to-vigorous intensity AET on a recumbent stepper 3 days per week for 6 weeks. The primary outcome measures were aerobic capacity (VO2peak (volume of @entity26 that the body can use during physical exertion)) and self-selected @entity4464 ( @entity4464 ). Secondary outcome measures included walking economy, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), daily step counts, Walking Index for @entity1566 (WISCI-II), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). RESULTS: Nine @entity1 completed all testing and training. Significant improvements in aerobic capacity (P=0.011), @entity4464 (P=0.023), the percentage of VO2peak used while walking at self-selected speed (P=0.03) and daily step counts (P=0.025) resulted following training. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that total-body, voluntary, progressive AET is safe, feasible, and effective for improving aerobic capacity, walking speed, and select walking-related outcomes in an exclusively ambulatory SCI sample. This study suggests the potential for non-task-specific aerobic exercise to improve walking following incomplete SCI and builds a foundation for further investigation aimed at the development of exercise based rehabilitation strategies to target functionally limiting impairments in ambulatory individuals with chronic SCI.

title: Effects of aerobic exercise training on fitness and walking-related outcomes in ambulatory individuals with chronic incomplete XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']

entities_list: @entity4464 :: ('MESH:D013009', 'Disease') :: ['OGWS', 'overground walking speed']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The precise location of truly active reentry circuits of typical @entity956 ( @entity956 ) has not been well identified. The purpose of this study was to verify our hypothesis that the posterior block line is located along the posteromedial @entity13678 (PMRA) and the crista terminalis (CT) is the anterior pathway of @entity956 , with real-time intracardiac echo (ICE). METHODS: The entire @entity13678 ( @entity13678 ) three-dimensional activation and entrainment mapping were evaluated during @entity956 in 18 @entity1 using CARTO sound. RESULTS: The CT was clearly visualized by ICE and the local electrograms along the CT were single potentials in all the @entity1 . The CT was recognized as the truly active anterior pathway based on entrainment mapping in all @entity1 . Double potentials were recorded along the PMRA. Entire @entity13678 entrainment mapping could be performed in 16 @entity1 . The reentry circuits were separated into three passages. The first was around the tricuspid annulus (TA), the second the anterior superior vena cava ( @entity6480 ; @entity956 waves passed between the anterior @entity6480 and @entity13678 appendage), and the last the posterior @entity6480 (between the posterior @entity6480 and upper limit of the PMRA). All three of these passages were active in four, around the TA and anterior @entity6480 in eight, around the TA and posterior @entity6480 in three, and around only the anterior @entity6480 in one @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The CT functions as the anterior pathway of typical @entity956 , and the posterior block line was located along the PMRA. Dual or triple circuits were recognized in the majority of @entity956 @entity1 .

title: Crista Terminalis as the Anterior Pathway of Typical XXXX : Insights from Entrainment Map with 3D Intracardiac Ultrasound.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter', 'AFL']

entities_list: @entity13678 :: ('MESH:D064752', 'Disease') :: ['right atrium', 'RA']

answer: @entity956 :: (MESH:D001282,Disease) :: ['Atrial Flutter']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) is a major @entity3978 component of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and demonstrates anti-oxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. @entity3090 has been shown to protect @entity989 ( @entity989 ) against oxidative stress-induced cell death. The pathogenesis of diseases in the retina is usually initiated by local @entity32 at the @entity989 cell layer, and @entity32 is mostly associated with leukocyte migration and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Whether @entity3090 can modulate the cytokine-induced inflammatory response of @entity989 , particularly leukocyte migration, has not been clearly elucidated, and was therefore the objective of this study. @entity1 cells were cultured with different concentrations of @entity310 in the presence or absence of @entity3090 to different time points. Intracellular reactive @entity26 species (ROS) levels were determined. @entity2071 and phosphor-NF-kB and IkB expression were determined by Western blot analysis. Phosphor-NF-kB nuclear translocation and monocyte- @entity989 adhesion were investigated using immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out to further determine the ultrastructure of monocyte- @entity989 adhesion. The results demonstrated that @entity310 modulated inflammatory effects in ARPE-19 by induction of ROS and up-regulation of @entity2071 expression. Moreover, @entity310 -induced phosphor-NF-kB nuclear translocation, increased phosphor-NF-kB expression and IkB degradation, and increased the degree of monocyte- @entity989 adhesion. Pretreating the cells with @entity3090 ameliorated the inflammatory effects of @entity310 . The results indicated that @entity3090 significantly exerts anti-inflammatory effects in @entity1 cells, partly as a suppressor of @entity310 signaling and that the inhibition was mediated via the NF-kB pathway.

title: Green Tea @entity3978 @entity3089 Attenuates XXXX -Induced Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression and Monocyte Adhesion to Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells.

entities_list: @entity3978 :: ('CHEBI:26195', 'Chemical') :: ['polyphenol']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['Epigallocatechin-3-gallate']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal pigment epithelium', 'RPE']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1']

answer: @entity310 :: (7124,Gene) :: ['TNF-a']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) is a major @entity3978 component of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and demonstrates anti-oxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. @entity3090 has been shown to protect @entity989 ( @entity989 ) against oxidative stress-induced cell death. The pathogenesis of diseases in the retina is usually initiated by local @entity32 at the @entity989 cell layer, and @entity32 is mostly associated with leukocyte migration and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Whether @entity3090 can modulate the cytokine-induced inflammatory response of @entity989 , particularly leukocyte migration, has not been clearly elucidated, and was therefore the objective of this study. @entity1 cells were cultured with different concentrations of @entity310 in the presence or absence of @entity3090 to different time points. Intracellular reactive @entity26 species (ROS) levels were determined. @entity2071 and phosphor-NF-kB and IkB expression were determined by Western blot analysis. Phosphor-NF-kB nuclear translocation and monocyte- @entity989 adhesion were investigated using immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out to further determine the ultrastructure of monocyte- @entity989 adhesion. The results demonstrated that @entity310 modulated inflammatory effects in ARPE-19 by induction of ROS and up-regulation of @entity2071 expression. Moreover, @entity310 -induced phosphor-NF-kB nuclear translocation, increased phosphor-NF-kB expression and IkB degradation, and increased the degree of monocyte- @entity989 adhesion. Pretreating the cells with @entity3090 ameliorated the inflammatory effects of @entity310 . The results indicated that @entity3090 significantly exerts anti-inflammatory effects in @entity1 cells, partly as a suppressor of @entity310 signaling and that the inhibition was mediated via the NF-kB pathway.

title: Green Tea XXXX @entity3089 Attenuates @entity310 -Induced Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression and Monocyte Adhesion to Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells.

answer: @entity3978 :: (CHEBI:26195,Chemical) :: ['Polyphenol']