abstract: BACKGROUND: Stent implantation into the tracheo-bronchial system may be life-saving in selected pediatric @entity1 with otherwise intractable stenosis of the upper airways. Following implantation, significant tissue proliferation may occur, requiring re-interventions. We sought to evaluate the effect of immunosuppressive coating of the stents on the extent of tissue proliferation in an animal model. METHODS: Bare metal and @entity3446 -coated stents (Bx Sonic and Cypher Select, Johnson _ Johnson, Cordis) were implanted into non-stenotic lower airways of New Zealand white @entity95 (weight 3.1 to 4.8  kg). Three stents with @entity3446 coating and six bare metal stents could be analyzed by means of histology and immunohistochemistry 12  months after implantation. RESULTS: On a macroscopic evaluation, all stents were partially covered with a considerable amount of whitish tissue. Histologically, these proliferations contained fiber-rich connective tissue and some fibromuscular cells without significant differences between both stent types. The superficial tissue layer was formed by typical respiratory epithelium and polygonal cells. Abundant lymphocyte infiltrations and moderate granulocyte infiltrations were found in both groups correspondingly, whereas @entity6377 was more pronounced around @entity3446 -eluting stents. CONCLUSIONS: After stent implantation in the tracheo-bronchial system of @entity95 , we found tissue reactions comparable to those seen after stent implantation into the vascular system. There was no difference between coated and uncoated stents with regard to quality and quantity of tissue proliferation. We found, however, a significantly different inflammatory reaction with a more pronounced @entity6377 in @entity3446 -coated stents. In our small series, drug-eluting stents did not exhibit any benefit over bare metal stents in an experimental setting.

title: Stent implantation into the tracheo-bronchial system in XXXX : histopathologic sequelae in bare metal vs. drug-eluting stents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6377 :: ('MESH:D005549', 'Disease') :: ['foreign-body reaction']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: AIM: There is growing support for the role of @entity32 and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of @entity308 ( @entity308 ). This has led to the development of novel strategies targeting @entity32 in the treatment of @entity308 . @entity8671 and @entity117 have well-documented, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of the Youth Depression Alleviation: Augmentation with an anti-inflammatory agent (YoDA-A) study is to determine whether individuals receiving adjunctive anti-inflammatory agents, @entity117 and @entity8671 experience a reduction in the severity of @entity308 compared with individuals receiving placebo. METHODS: YoDA-A is a 12-week triple-blind, randomized controlled trial funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia. @entity1 aged 15-25, with moderate-to-severe @entity308 , are allocated to receive either 10   mg/day @entity8671 , 100   mg/day @entity117 , or placebo, in addition to treatment as usual. @entity1 are assessed at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, 12 and 26. The primary outcome is change in the Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) from baseline to week 12. RESULTS: The study is planned to be completed in 2017. At date of publication, 85 @entity1 have been recruited. CONCLUSION: Timely and targeted intervention for youth @entity308 is crucial. Given the paucity of new agents to treat youth @entity308 , adjunctive trials are not only pragmatic and 'real-world', but additionally aim to target shortfalls in conventional medications. This study has the potential to first provide two new adjunctive treatment options for youth @entity308 ; @entity117 and @entity8671 . Second, this study will serve as proof of principle of the role of @entity32 in @entity308 .

title: Youth Depression Alleviation-Augmentation with an anti-inflammatory agent (YoDA-A): protocol and rationale for a placebo-controlled randomized trial of @entity8671 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['MDD', 'depression', 'major depressive disorder']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity8671 :: ('MESH:C422923', 'Chemical') :: ['rosuvastatin', 'Rosuvastatin']

answer: @entity117 :: (MESH:D001241,Chemical) :: ['aspirin']


abstract: AIM: There is growing support for the role of @entity32 and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of @entity308 ( @entity308 ). This has led to the development of novel strategies targeting @entity32 in the treatment of @entity308 . @entity8671 and @entity117 have well-documented, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of the Youth Depression Alleviation: Augmentation with an anti-inflammatory agent (YoDA-A) study is to determine whether individuals receiving adjunctive anti-inflammatory agents, @entity117 and @entity8671 experience a reduction in the severity of @entity308 compared with individuals receiving placebo. METHODS: YoDA-A is a 12-week triple-blind, randomized controlled trial funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia. @entity1 aged 15-25, with moderate-to-severe @entity308 , are allocated to receive either 10   mg/day @entity8671 , 100   mg/day @entity117 , or placebo, in addition to treatment as usual. @entity1 are assessed at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, 12 and 26. The primary outcome is change in the Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) from baseline to week 12. RESULTS: The study is planned to be completed in 2017. At date of publication, 85 @entity1 have been recruited. CONCLUSION: Timely and targeted intervention for youth @entity308 is crucial. Given the paucity of new agents to treat youth @entity308 , adjunctive trials are not only pragmatic and 'real-world', but additionally aim to target shortfalls in conventional medications. This study has the potential to first provide two new adjunctive treatment options for youth @entity308 ; @entity117 and @entity8671 . Second, this study will serve as proof of principle of the role of @entity32 in @entity308 .

title: Youth Depression Alleviation-Augmentation with an anti-inflammatory agent (YoDA-A): protocol and rationale for a placebo-controlled randomized trial of XXXX and @entity117 .

answer: @entity8671 :: (MESH:C422923,Chemical) :: ['rosuvastatin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the frequency of @entity493 aminotransferase (ALT) elevation during interferon-alpha treatment, the so-called "flare", its relation to serum @entity2262 levels, and its impact on the outcome of treatment in @entity6194 . METHODS: The files of 53 treatment-naive @entity1 with @entity6194 (17 @entity1956 e antigen ( @entity13211 ) +ve, 36 @entity13211 -ve) who had been treated with 10 MU @entity4020 three times per week for 24 weeks were reviewed. We analyzed the fluctuations in serum ALT, @entity2262 , and @entity97 -DNA levels before, during, and after flare. RESULTS: We detected flare in 4/17 (24%) of the @entity13211 +ve and 7/34 (21%) of the @entity13211 -ve @entity1 . ALT level peaked between weeks 2 and 16 (mean, week 8). After flare, @entity97 -DNA disappeared in 5/7 (71%) @entity13211 -ve vs 3/4 (75%) @entity13211 +ve @entity1 (all seroconverted to anti-HBe). The overall sustained response rate was 41%: 55% in the @entity1 with flare, and 38% in those without ( P > 0.05). Basal serum @entity2262 levels were significantly higher in responders vs nonresponders (2.19 +/- 0.32 vs 1.78 +/- 0.34 mg/l, mean +/- SD; P < 0.005). In addition, during treatment, serum @entity2262 levels increased significantly only in responders, and the degree of increase was significantly higher in responders with flare vs responders without flare (3 +/- 0.33 vs 2.34 +/- 0.35 mg/l; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study, with a limited sample size, showed that, in @entity6194 , there is a trend for a higher response in @entity1 with exacerbation of @entity1956 with interferon-alpha treatment. However, the difference does not reach statistical significance to be of predictive value. On the other hand, serum @entity2262 levels before and during treatment may be useful in predicting the outcome.

title: Acute exacerbation during interferon alfa treatment of XXXX : frequency and relation to serum @entity2262 levels.

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity2262 :: ('567', 'Gene') :: ['beta(2)-microglobulin', 'beta-2 microglobulin']

entities_list: @entity6194 :: ('MESH:D019694', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity4020 :: ('3440', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-alpha 2b']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity6194 :: (MESH:D019694,Disease) :: ['chronic hepatitis B']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the frequency of @entity493 aminotransferase (ALT) elevation during interferon-alpha treatment, the so-called "flare", its relation to serum @entity2262 levels, and its impact on the outcome of treatment in @entity6194 . METHODS: The files of 53 treatment-naive @entity1 with @entity6194 (17 @entity1956 e antigen ( @entity13211 ) +ve, 36 @entity13211 -ve) who had been treated with 10 MU @entity4020 three times per week for 24 weeks were reviewed. We analyzed the fluctuations in serum ALT, @entity2262 , and @entity97 -DNA levels before, during, and after flare. RESULTS: We detected flare in 4/17 (24%) of the @entity13211 +ve and 7/34 (21%) of the @entity13211 -ve @entity1 . ALT level peaked between weeks 2 and 16 (mean, week 8). After flare, @entity97 -DNA disappeared in 5/7 (71%) @entity13211 -ve vs 3/4 (75%) @entity13211 +ve @entity1 (all seroconverted to anti-HBe). The overall sustained response rate was 41%: 55% in the @entity1 with flare, and 38% in those without ( P > 0.05). Basal serum @entity2262 levels were significantly higher in responders vs nonresponders (2.19 +/- 0.32 vs 1.78 +/- 0.34 mg/l, mean +/- SD; P < 0.005). In addition, during treatment, serum @entity2262 levels increased significantly only in responders, and the degree of increase was significantly higher in responders with flare vs responders without flare (3 +/- 0.33 vs 2.34 +/- 0.35 mg/l; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study, with a limited sample size, showed that, in @entity6194 , there is a trend for a higher response in @entity1 with exacerbation of @entity1956 with interferon-alpha treatment. However, the difference does not reach statistical significance to be of predictive value. On the other hand, serum @entity2262 levels before and during treatment may be useful in predicting the outcome.

title: Acute exacerbation during interferon alfa treatment of @entity6194 : frequency and relation to serum XXXX levels.

answer: @entity2262 :: (567,Gene) :: ['beta-2 microglobulin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Malignant mixed @entity5 (MMMTs) are aggressive @entity5 with a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Despite advances in adjuvant therapies in recent years, the prognosis of these @entity5 has not improved. @entity7704 ( @entity7704 ) is produced by a variety of @entity5 and acts as a growth factor in an autocrine/paracrine manner. Its function requires the presence of its receptors to exert its effects on neoplastic cells. In this study, we evaluated the expression of @entity23376 ( @entity23376 ) in a group of MMMTs. Thirty-one examples of MMMTs from endometrium, ovary, uterine tube, and pelvic peritoneum were retrieved from the files of Department of Pathology at the University of Miami, Jackson Memorial Hospital. Immunohistochemistry for @entity23376 was performed on paraffin sections and the staining results were evaluated separately in both epithelial and mesenchymal components of each @entity5 . The presence of pituitary type @entity23376 mRNA and that of its biologically active splice variant were also evaluated by RT-PCR in 6 of the @entity5 . Positive immunohistochemical reaction for @entity23376 was detected in 30 @entity5 (96%). The epithelial and @entity3038 were positive in 30 (96%), whereas one @entity1204 was negative in both components. The mRNA for @entity23376 and its splice variant was found in all 6 tested @entity5 . This study shows that @entity23376 is expressed by the majority of MMMTs in both epithelial and mesenchymal components. This finding could potentially serve as a basis for therapeutic approaches using synthetic peptide antagonists of @entity23376 that have shown significant efficacy with minimal side effects in experimental models.

title: XXXX Expression in Malignant Mixed M  llerian Tumors: A Potentially Targetable Biopredictor.

entities_list: @entity3038 :: ('MESH:D018316', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomatous components']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial tumor']

entities_list: @entity7704 :: ('2691', 'Gene') :: ['GHRH', 'Growth hormone-releasing hormone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant tumors', 'M  llerian tumors', 'malignant neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity23376 :: ('2692', 'Gene') :: ['GHRH receptors', 'GHRH-R', 'growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor']

answer: @entity23376 :: (2692,Gene) :: ['GHRH Receptor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Fluid resuscitation in sepsis-related @entity651 is limited by aggravation of @entity3126 . @entity3485 , however, may compromise tissue perfusion and contribute to organ dysfunction. We hypothesized that inhaled @entity842 would reduce @entity4 formation during fluid therapy. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective laboratory investigation in a university research laboratory. @entity1 : Eighteen chronically instrumented @entity742 . INTERVENTIONS: The animals were randomly assigned to one of three groups and received endotoxin ( @entity1680 , 10 ng kg(-1) min(-1)) for 30 h. After 24 h the @entity742 were anesthetized ( @entity3652 / @entity1363 ), mechanically ventilated with @entity26 , and received 0.1 ml kg(-1) @entity3952 : @entity16486 group (n=6), an infusion of Ringer's lactate was restricted to 1 ml kg(-1) h(-1); fluid/oxy group (n=6), a bolus of 10 ml kg(-1) Ringer's @entity880 plus 10 ml kg(-1) h(-1) was given; fluid/NO group (n=6), the @entity742 were treated as in the fluid/oxy group, except that they inhaled @entity842 (20 ppm). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The extravascular lung water index was measured using thermodye dilution. @entity3952 increased extravascular lung water, impaired oxygenation, and reduced cardiac index at 26 h in all groups. After 30 h the extravascular lung water in the fluid/NO group was not higher than in the oxy group and significantly than in the fluid/oxy group. While cardiac index returned to the level of sepsis baseline in fluid/NO and fluid/oxy, it was reduced in the oxy group after 30 h. There were no significant differences in cardiac index between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled @entity842 may be an option for reducing @entity4 formation secondary to fluid resuscitation in @entity647 .

title: Inhaled XXXX reduces lung @entity4 during fluid resuscitation in ovine @entity647 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['oleic acid', 'Oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity3485 :: ('MESH:D020896', 'Disease') :: ['Hypovolemia']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Fluid resuscitation in sepsis-related @entity651 is limited by aggravation of @entity3126 . @entity3485 , however, may compromise tissue perfusion and contribute to organ dysfunction. We hypothesized that inhaled @entity842 would reduce @entity4 formation during fluid therapy. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective laboratory investigation in a university research laboratory. @entity1 : Eighteen chronically instrumented @entity742 . INTERVENTIONS: The animals were randomly assigned to one of three groups and received endotoxin ( @entity1680 , 10 ng kg(-1) min(-1)) for 30 h. After 24 h the @entity742 were anesthetized ( @entity3652 / @entity1363 ), mechanically ventilated with @entity26 , and received 0.1 ml kg(-1) @entity3952 : @entity16486 group (n=6), an infusion of Ringer's lactate was restricted to 1 ml kg(-1) h(-1); fluid/oxy group (n=6), a bolus of 10 ml kg(-1) Ringer's @entity880 plus 10 ml kg(-1) h(-1) was given; fluid/NO group (n=6), the @entity742 were treated as in the fluid/oxy group, except that they inhaled @entity842 (20 ppm). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The extravascular lung water index was measured using thermodye dilution. @entity3952 increased extravascular lung water, impaired oxygenation, and reduced cardiac index at 26 h in all groups. After 30 h the extravascular lung water in the fluid/NO group was not higher than in the oxy group and significantly than in the fluid/oxy group. While cardiac index returned to the level of sepsis baseline in fluid/NO and fluid/oxy, it was reduced in the oxy group after 30 h. There were no significant differences in cardiac index between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled @entity842 may be an option for reducing @entity4 formation secondary to fluid resuscitation in @entity647 .

title: Inhaled @entity842 reduces lung @entity4 during fluid resuscitation in ovine XXXX .

answer: @entity647 :: (MESH:D055371,Disease) :: ['acute lung injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Fluid resuscitation in sepsis-related @entity651 is limited by aggravation of @entity3126 . @entity3485 , however, may compromise tissue perfusion and contribute to organ dysfunction. We hypothesized that inhaled @entity842 would reduce @entity4 formation during fluid therapy. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective laboratory investigation in a university research laboratory. @entity1 : Eighteen chronically instrumented @entity742 . INTERVENTIONS: The animals were randomly assigned to one of three groups and received endotoxin ( @entity1680 , 10 ng kg(-1) min(-1)) for 30 h. After 24 h the @entity742 were anesthetized ( @entity3652 / @entity1363 ), mechanically ventilated with @entity26 , and received 0.1 ml kg(-1) @entity3952 : @entity16486 group (n=6), an infusion of Ringer's lactate was restricted to 1 ml kg(-1) h(-1); fluid/oxy group (n=6), a bolus of 10 ml kg(-1) Ringer's @entity880 plus 10 ml kg(-1) h(-1) was given; fluid/NO group (n=6), the @entity742 were treated as in the fluid/oxy group, except that they inhaled @entity842 (20 ppm). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The extravascular lung water index was measured using thermodye dilution. @entity3952 increased extravascular lung water, impaired oxygenation, and reduced cardiac index at 26 h in all groups. After 30 h the extravascular lung water in the fluid/NO group was not higher than in the oxy group and significantly than in the fluid/oxy group. While cardiac index returned to the level of sepsis baseline in fluid/NO and fluid/oxy, it was reduced in the oxy group after 30 h. There were no significant differences in cardiac index between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled @entity842 may be an option for reducing @entity4 formation secondary to fluid resuscitation in @entity647 .

title: Inhaled @entity842 reduces lung XXXX during fluid resuscitation in ovine @entity647 .

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['edema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9058 ( @entity9058 ) is a @entity74 of immune regulation, with overproduction of cytokines and diminished immune surveillance. Symptoms are nonspecific and may affect multiple organs, including the central nervous system. Neuroimaging findings have been described in case reports and small series; body imaging findings have not been described extensively. OBJECTIVE. To summarize findings of the most frequently performed imaging studies of the brain, chest and abdomen in @entity1 with @entity9058 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of chest radiographs and CT, abdominal ultrasound and CT, brain CT and MRI, skeletal surveys, and autopsy data. RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 were diagnosed and treated for @entity9058 at our institution over an 11-year period; 15 @entity1 (60%) died. Common chest radiograph findings included alveolar-interstitial opacities with @entity1143 , often with rapid evolution and resolution. @entity828 , gallbladder wall thickening, @entity8 were common abdominal findings, which resolved after therapy in some cases. Brain-imaging studies revealed nonspecific periventricular white-matter abnormalities, @entity75 and enlargement of extra-axial fluid spaces. Three @entity1 cases, one with @entity932 , one with multiple pathologic @entity174 and one with diaphyseal periosteal reaction involving multiple long bones on skeletal survey, raised suspicion of @entity1 abuse at presentation. Abuse was not substantiated in any case. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians and radiologists should be aware of the radiographic manifestations of @entity9058 , which are nonspecific and overlap with infectious, inflammatory and @entity5 . Findings in the chest (similar to acute @entity649 ) and abdomen may progress rapidly and then regress with institution of appropriate anti- @entity9058 therapy. CNS findings may be progressive. In some @entity1 , initial imaging findings may mimic nonaccidental @entity130 .

title: Imaging characteristics of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusions']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['hyperechoic kidneys and ascites']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['rib fractures']

entities_list: @entity9058 :: ('MESH:D051359', 'Disease') :: ['HLH', 'Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain-volume loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic disorders']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity828 :: ('MESH:C535727', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatosplenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['nonmalignant disorder']

answer: @entity9058 :: (MESH:D051359,Disease) :: ['hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis']


abstract: Serum and renal tissue concentrations of @entity8933 ( @entity8934 ) after intravenous dosing with 1 g were determined in 15 @entity1 with @entity8 . The highest serum concentration of @entity8934 was 105 micrograms/ml 6 minutes after dosing and the lowest concentration was 10.5 micrograms/ml at 170 minutes. The highest renal tissue concentration was 155 micrograms/g and the lowest concentration was 7.46 micrograms/g. There were no correlation between the tissue concentrations and sampling time. Tissue to serum concentration ratios ranged from 0.28 to 5.73. These @entity1 were divided into 3 groups; @entity3041 , normal kidneys and @entity8 according to pyelographic findings. Their renal tissue concentrations were compared with serum concentrations in each group. The tissue concentrations were lower than the serum concentrations in the first group, and were almost the same or higher in the other groups. @entity8934 concentrations in the medulla and the cortex were determined in 5 @entity1 ; and were higher in the medulla in 4 of these @entity1 . @entity293 due to @entity526 , K. pneumoniae, @entity9700 , @entity4195 or @entity5938 was present in 5 of the 25 @entity1 . Intravenous injection of 1 g of @entity8934 provided therapeutically effective concentrations against these @entity293 .

title: [Transfer of XXXX to renal tissues].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal atrophy', 'renal disease']

entities_list: @entity5938 :: ('1282', 'Species') :: ['S. epidermidis']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity8933 :: ('MESH:D015296', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftizoxime']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections', 'Urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity8933 :: (MESH:D015296,Chemical) :: ['ceftizoxime']


abstract: A histopathologic review of F344 @entity35 spleens from the National Toxicology Program-National @entity5 Institute bioassays of barium salt of @entity72500 [(D _ C Red No. 9) CAS: 516-00-21] and @entity9308 @entity7492 (CAS: 142-04-1) was conducted to assess splenotoxic changes associated with @entity242 induced by these @entity17072 . Four @entity1560 (FM), @entity82 (FIB), @entity1373 ( @entity1373 ), and @entity548 --were markedly increased in incidence and severity in males treated with high doses of either D _ C Red No. 9 or @entity9308 @entity7492 . Females treated with high doses of either of these compounds showed similar but less severe changes. FIB and FM showed strong group correlations with @entity5 incidence (r greater than or equal to 0.87). All groups that demonstrated FM also demonstrated @entity242 ; groups without the FM lesions did not exhibit @entity5 . The morphologic similarity of the FIB and @entity1373 lesions to the induced @entity242 suggests that these lesions are preneoplastic. Moreover, the treatment-related @entity75 appear to be precursors of the induced @entity242 . Carcinogenicity studies with serial sacrifices at varying intervals will be required for experimental verification of these conclusions. A schema, based on the findings of the study, suggests a hypothetical pathway for the progression of the treatment-related @entity75 from onset to @entity5 formation.

title: Splenotoxicity associated with @entity242 in @entity35 fed high doses of D _ C Red No. 9 or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['splenic fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['splenic changes--fatty metamorphosis']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['splenic sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity72500 :: ('MESH:C041888', 'Chemical') :: ['5-chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-azo-4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'splenic tumors', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity17072 :: ('CHEBI:33860', 'Chemical') :: ['aromatic amines']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['CH', 'capsule hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['splenic lesions']

answer: @entity9308 :: (MESH:C023650,Chemical) :: ['aniline hydrochloride']


abstract: A histopathologic review of F344 @entity35 spleens from the National Toxicology Program-National @entity5 Institute bioassays of barium salt of @entity72500 [(D _ C Red No. 9) CAS: 516-00-21] and @entity9308 @entity7492 (CAS: 142-04-1) was conducted to assess splenotoxic changes associated with @entity242 induced by these @entity17072 . Four @entity1560 (FM), @entity82 (FIB), @entity1373 ( @entity1373 ), and @entity548 --were markedly increased in incidence and severity in males treated with high doses of either D _ C Red No. 9 or @entity9308 @entity7492 . Females treated with high doses of either of these compounds showed similar but less severe changes. FIB and FM showed strong group correlations with @entity5 incidence (r greater than or equal to 0.87). All groups that demonstrated FM also demonstrated @entity242 ; groups without the FM lesions did not exhibit @entity5 . The morphologic similarity of the FIB and @entity1373 lesions to the induced @entity242 suggests that these lesions are preneoplastic. Moreover, the treatment-related @entity75 appear to be precursors of the induced @entity242 . Carcinogenicity studies with serial sacrifices at varying intervals will be required for experimental verification of these conclusions. A schema, based on the findings of the study, suggests a hypothetical pathway for the progression of the treatment-related @entity75 from onset to @entity5 formation.

title: Splenotoxicity associated with XXXX in @entity35 fed high doses of D _ C Red No. 9 or @entity9308 .

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['splenic sarcomas']


abstract: A histopathologic review of F344 @entity35 spleens from the National Toxicology Program-National @entity5 Institute bioassays of barium salt of @entity72500 [(D _ C Red No. 9) CAS: 516-00-21] and @entity9308 @entity7492 (CAS: 142-04-1) was conducted to assess splenotoxic changes associated with @entity242 induced by these @entity17072 . Four @entity1560 (FM), @entity82 (FIB), @entity1373 ( @entity1373 ), and @entity548 --were markedly increased in incidence and severity in males treated with high doses of either D _ C Red No. 9 or @entity9308 @entity7492 . Females treated with high doses of either of these compounds showed similar but less severe changes. FIB and FM showed strong group correlations with @entity5 incidence (r greater than or equal to 0.87). All groups that demonstrated FM also demonstrated @entity242 ; groups without the FM lesions did not exhibit @entity5 . The morphologic similarity of the FIB and @entity1373 lesions to the induced @entity242 suggests that these lesions are preneoplastic. Moreover, the treatment-related @entity75 appear to be precursors of the induced @entity242 . Carcinogenicity studies with serial sacrifices at varying intervals will be required for experimental verification of these conclusions. A schema, based on the findings of the study, suggests a hypothetical pathway for the progression of the treatment-related @entity75 from onset to @entity5 formation.

title: Splenotoxicity associated with @entity242 in XXXX fed high doses of D _ C Red No. 9 or @entity9308 .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of @entity4722 (LA) and @entity18943 ( @entity9984 ), both precursors of PGE(1), on tear production, tear @entity941 clearance and on the ocular surface after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). METHODS: Sixty subjects (age 25+/-10 years; refractive error -3+/-2 diopters (spherical equivalent), mean +/- standard deviation) undergoing PRK were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were: Schirmer 1 test >10 mm/5 min, no corneal @entity941 staining, low irritation symptoms (questionnaire score <5), standardised visual scale (to evaluate tear @entity941 clearance) score <3. @entity1 were randomly divided into two groups. One group of 31 subjects was treated once daily orally with tablets containing LA (28.5 mg) and GLA (15.1 mg) (from 3 days before PRK to 1 month after PRK). The control group (29 subjects) underwent PRK and received no treatment with LA and GLA. A symptoms questionnaire, Schirmer 1 test and @entity941 clearance test (FCT) using the standardised visual scale were performed before starting therapy (T(0)) and 30 days after PRK (T(1)). RESULTS: All @entity1 completed the study. The Schirmer 1 test varied from 16.3+/-6.9 (T(0)) to 17.6+/-7.2 (T(1)) for the treated group and from 18.3+/-6.2 (T(0)) to 15.7+/-7.4 (T(1)) for the untreated group ( P<0.0001, two-tailed unpaired t-test). FCT was 1.9+/-0.6 at T(0) and 1.6+/-0.8 at T(1) for the treated group and 1.7+/-0.7 at T(0) and 2.0+/-0.9 at T(1) for the untreated group ( P<0.0001). The symptoms score was 4.7+/-1.9 at T(0) and 7.6+/-7.2 at T(1) for the treated group and 4.2+/-2.0 at T(0) and 10.1+/-7.6 at T(1) for the untreated group ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Reduced corneal sensitivity has already been proved after PRK. This could be the main reason for a decrease in tear production and for a reduced blinking rate leading to delayed tear clearance. The oral precursors of @entity5015 , LA and GLA, could be helpful in increasing tear production and clearance after PRK.

title: Effect of @entity4722 and XXXX on tear production, tear clearance and on the ocular surface after photorefractive keratectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity18943 :: ('MESH:D017965', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-linolenic acid']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acid']

answer: @entity18943 :: (MESH:D017965,Chemical) :: ['gamma-linolenic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of @entity4722 (LA) and @entity18943 ( @entity9984 ), both precursors of PGE(1), on tear production, tear @entity941 clearance and on the ocular surface after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). METHODS: Sixty subjects (age 25+/-10 years; refractive error -3+/-2 diopters (spherical equivalent), mean +/- standard deviation) undergoing PRK were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were: Schirmer 1 test >10 mm/5 min, no corneal @entity941 staining, low irritation symptoms (questionnaire score <5), standardised visual scale (to evaluate tear @entity941 clearance) score <3. @entity1 were randomly divided into two groups. One group of 31 subjects was treated once daily orally with tablets containing LA (28.5 mg) and GLA (15.1 mg) (from 3 days before PRK to 1 month after PRK). The control group (29 subjects) underwent PRK and received no treatment with LA and GLA. A symptoms questionnaire, Schirmer 1 test and @entity941 clearance test (FCT) using the standardised visual scale were performed before starting therapy (T(0)) and 30 days after PRK (T(1)). RESULTS: All @entity1 completed the study. The Schirmer 1 test varied from 16.3+/-6.9 (T(0)) to 17.6+/-7.2 (T(1)) for the treated group and from 18.3+/-6.2 (T(0)) to 15.7+/-7.4 (T(1)) for the untreated group ( P<0.0001, two-tailed unpaired t-test). FCT was 1.9+/-0.6 at T(0) and 1.6+/-0.8 at T(1) for the treated group and 1.7+/-0.7 at T(0) and 2.0+/-0.9 at T(1) for the untreated group ( P<0.0001). The symptoms score was 4.7+/-1.9 at T(0) and 7.6+/-7.2 at T(1) for the treated group and 4.2+/-2.0 at T(0) and 10.1+/-7.6 at T(1) for the untreated group ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Reduced corneal sensitivity has already been proved after PRK. This could be the main reason for a decrease in tear production and for a reduced blinking rate leading to delayed tear clearance. The oral precursors of @entity5015 , LA and GLA, could be helpful in increasing tear production and clearance after PRK.

title: Effect of XXXX and @entity18943 on tear production, tear clearance and on the ocular surface after photorefractive keratectomy.

answer: @entity4722 :: (MESH:D019787,Chemical) :: ['linoleic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Physicians report outpatient quality measures from data in electronic health records to facilitate care improvement and qualify for incentive payments. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and validity of exceptions to quality measures and to test a system for classifying the reasons for these exceptions. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING: 5 internal medicine or cardiology practices. @entity1 : 47,075 @entity1 with @entity453 between 2006 and 2007. MEASUREMENTS: Counts of adherence with and exceptions to 4 quality measures, on the basis of automatic reports of recommended drug therapy by computer software and separate manual reviews of electronic health records. RESULTS: 3.5% of @entity1 who had a drug recommended had an exception to the drug and were not prescribed it (95% CI, 3.4% to 3.7%). Clinicians did prescribe the recommended drug for many other @entity1 with exceptions. In 538 randomly selected records, 92.6% (CI, 90.3% to 94.9%) of the exceptions reported automatically by computer software were also exceptions during manual review. Most medical exceptions were clinical contraindications, @entity56 , or drug intolerances. In 592 randomly selected records, an unreported exception or a drug prescription was found during manual review for 74.6% (CI, 71.1% to 78.1%) of @entity1 for whom automatic reporting recorded a @entity177 . LIMITATION: The study used a convenience sample of practices, nonstandardized data extraction methods, only drug-related quality measures, and no financial incentives. CONCLUSION: Exceptions to recommended therapy occur infrequently and are usually valid. Physicians frequently prescribed drugs even when exceptions were present. Automated reports of @entity177 often miss critical information. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

title: Exceptions to outpatient quality measures for XXXX in electronic health records.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['quality failure']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['drug allergies']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for @entity158 relief in eyes with @entity2297 . METHODS: In this prospective case series, 52 eyes with @entity2297 were administered intravitreal bevacizumab, 1.25 mg, and monitored for 6 months. The primary outcome measure was change in subjective @entity158 score. Intraocular pressure and @entity1539 were evaluated at each visit. Surgical intervention for control of intraocular pressure was performed according to clinical need. RESULTS: Forty-two @entity1 (44 eyes) completed the 6-month follow-up. Subjective @entity158 score was reduced significantly 1 week after intravitreal bevacizumab injection and lasted throughout the follow-up period (median [interquartile range]: baseline, 3 [0-6]; week 1, 1 [0-3]; month 1, 0 [0-1]; month 3, 0 [0-1]; and month 6, 0 [0-0]; Kruskal-Wallis   (2) 31.03; P  <  .001). A rapid, yet relatively transient, @entity1539 was also noted ( @entity1539 grade at baseline, 4.0 [3-4]; week 1, 2.5 [1-4]; month 1,  2.0 [1-4]; month 3, 3.0 [2-4]; and month 6, 3.0 [2-4],   (2) 23.33; P  <  .001). Four eyes (8%) required more than 1 injection to facilitate further intraocular surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab is a useful adjunct in the management of @entity2297 , producing rapid relief of @entity158 . However, we found no evidence to suggest that intravitreal bevacizumab lowers intraocular pressure in eyes with angle closure; conventional medical, laser, and surgical treatment are still needed in these eyes.

title: Intravitreal bevacizumab in XXXX : a prospective, observational case series.

entities_list: @entity2297 :: ('MESH:D015355', 'Disease') :: ['refractory neovascular glaucoma', 'neovascular glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1539 :: ('MESH:D007499', 'Disease') :: ['iris neovascularization', 'reduction in iris neovascularization']

answer: @entity2297 :: (MESH:D015355,Disease) :: ['refractory neovascular glaucoma']


abstract: The production of most factors involved in @entity7320 virulence is controlled by a two-component regulatory system termed BvgA/S. In the Bvg+ phase virulence-activated genes (vags) are expressed, and virulence-repressed genes (vrgs) are down-regulated. The expression of these genes can also be modulated by @entity2400 or @entity1670 . In this study we used microarrays to analyse the influence of BvgA/S or modulation on the expression of nearly 200 selected genes. With the exception of one vrg, all previously known vags and vrgs were correctly assigned as such, and the microarray analyses identified several new vags and vrgs, including genes coding for putative autotransporters, two-component systems, extracellular sigma factors, the adenylate cyclase accessory genes cyaBDE, and two genes coding for components of a type III secretion system. For most of the new vrgs and vags the results of the microarray analyses were confirmed by RT-PCR analysis and/or lacZfusions. The degree of regulation and modulation varied between genes, and showed a continuum from strongly BvgA/S-activated genes to strongly BvgA/S-repressed genes. The microarray analyses also led to the identification of a subset of vags and vrgs that are differentially regulated and modulated by @entity2400 or @entity1670 , indicating that these genes may be targets for multiple regulatory circuits. For example, the expression of bilA, a gene predicted to encode an intimin-like protein, was found to be activated by BvgA/S and up-modulated by @entity1670 . Furthermore, surprisingly, in the strain analysed here, which produces only type 2 fimbriae, the fim3 gene was identified as a vrg, while @entity7321 was confirmed to be a vag.

title: Differential modulation of XXXX virulence genes as evidenced by DNA microarray analysis.

entities_list: @entity7320 :: ('520', 'Species') :: ['Bordetella pertussis']

entities_list: @entity1670 :: ('MESH:D009525', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinic acid']

answer: @entity7320 :: (520,Species) :: ['Bordetella pertussis']


abstract: This report from five hospitals in Japan describes the results of correcting adult tibial deformities using external fixation. There were 49 @entity1 with 59 @entity6250 , with @entity130 being the most common cause of the @entity85 . Varus angulation was the most common @entity85 , and the most common magnitude was 11 degrees -30 degrees. Twenty-two @entity1 had a leg-length discrepancy. The aim of the correction was to normalize both the mechanical @entity2270 and the inclination of the knee and @entity3681 . In 63% of the @entity1 corrections were performed gradually during bone lengthening or acutely after bone lengthening. Altogether, 71% of the @entity1 were completely corrected, and no leg-length discrepancies remained after correction in 47%. Complications were encountered in 22 @entity1 , about half of which were pin tract infections, 28% refractures, and the remainder delayed consolidation or fixator failure. There were no neurological or circulatory complications. The average fixation duration was 9 months. The average hospital charges were 3,740,000 yen in bilateral correction @entity1 and 1,940,000 yen in unilateral correction @entity1 . External fixation can correct not only the mechanical @entity2270 and joint inclination but also leg-length discrepancy simultaneously.

title: Correction of XXXX in adults.

entities_list: @entity3681 :: ('MESH:D016512', 'Disease') :: ['ankle joints']

entities_list: @entity6250 :: ('MESH:D038061', 'Disease') :: ['lower limb deformities']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['tibial deformity']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity8433 is probably the most frequent @entity209 in infancy and childhood. The classic form of the disease is characterized by bilateral lesions of basal ganglia and brainstem. The extensive involvement of white matter, without radiological @entity21 , is an unusual manifestation of the disease. OBJECTIVE: Four @entity1 who presented the disease during the first year of life are described. @entity1 AND METHODS: The four @entity1 presented a stereotyped clinical picture, consisting of regression of already acquired psychomotor abilities and very prominent pyramidal signs. These clinical manifestations and results of neuroimaging studies suggested a primary @entity8431 . Increased values of lactic and piruvic acids suggested a @entity2383 . Enzymatic studies confirmed a mitochondrial @entity2383 in two @entity1 , and a @entity2388 dehydrogenase complex defect in the remaining two @entity1 . The pathological findings in the latter two sisters were consistent with the characteristic microscopic lesions of @entity8433 , but with atypical distribution. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of @entity8433 must be taken into consideration in @entity1 presenting with a leukodystrophic clinical and radiological pattern, despite the lack of basal ganglia involvement.

title: [Mitochondrial leukoencephalopathy of infancy: is it an early expression of XXXX ?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity8433 :: ('MESH:D007888', 'Disease') :: ['Leigh syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8431 :: ('MESH:D007966', 'Disease') :: ['leukodystrophy']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorder']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['basal ganglia abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory chain deficiency', 'mitochondrial disorder']

answer: @entity8433 :: (MESH:D007888,Disease) :: ['Leigh syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity23 ( @entity23 ) represent the best evidence in oncology practice. The aim of this study was to assess the reporting quality of @entity242 @entity23 and to identify significant predictors of quality. @entity1 AND METHODS: Two investigators searched MEDLINE for pediatric and adult bone and soft tissue @entity242 @entity23 published between January 1988 and December 2008. The quality of each report was assessed by using a 15-point overall reporting quality score based on 15 items from the revised Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement (overall quality score [OQS] range, 0 to 15 points). Concealment of allocation, appropriate blinding, and analysis according to intention-to-treat principle were assessed separately because of their crucial methodologic importance by using a 3-point key methodologic index score (MIS; range, 0 to 3). RESULTS: We retrieved 72 relevant @entity23 that included 16,029 @entity1 . The median OQS was 9.5. Allocation concealment, blinding, and analysis by intent to treat were reported only in 21 (29%), nine (12.5%), and 23 (32%) of the 72 @entity23 , respectively. The median MIS was 1 with a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 2. On multivariate analysis, publication after 1996 and high impact factor remained independent and significant predictors of improved OQS. The sole variable associated with improved MIS was the publication of chemotherapy-only trials. CONCLUSION: Although the overall quality of @entity242 @entity23 reporting has improved over time, reporting of key methodologic issues remains poor. This may lead to biased interpretation of @entity242 trial results.

title: Quality of randomized controlled trials reporting in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['Randomized controlled trials', 'RCTs']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of antigen stimulation on induction of the @entity1457 protein 70(HSP70) in the @entity840 cochlea and to explore the role of HSP70 and its autoantibody in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of @entity389 ( @entity389 ). METHODS: To establish the animal model of @entity389 , homologous crude inner ear antigen was used to immunize the @entity840 . The expression of HSP70 was detected by immunocytochemistry and the relative staining densities were quantified with a light microscope image analysis system. The autoantibodies against @entity9487 in the plasma of animals were tested by Western blot using purified recombinant @entity1 @entity9487 as antigen. RESULTS: HSP70 presented in the normal @entity840 cochlea at a lower level. After immunological challenge, the levels of HSP70 immunoreactivity in the immunized animals were significantly increased as compared with control animals. Optical densities of cochleae of immunized animals were significantly greater than those of animals in the control group (P < 0.01). Most of the immunized animals had developed autoantibodies against @entity9487 . The incidence of autoantibody in the experimental group was significantly different (P < 0.01) from the control group. CONCLUSION: Antigen stimulation could lead to an increase in the synthesis of HSP70 in the @entity840 cochlea. The detection of autoantibody against @entity9487 might have significance in the diagnosis of @entity389 .

title: [The role of @entity1457 protein 70 and its autoantibody in experimental autoimmune XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity389 :: ('MESH:D007759', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunize inner ear disease', 'AIED']

answer: @entity389 :: (MESH:D007759,Disease) :: ['inner ear disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of antigen stimulation on induction of the @entity1457 protein 70(HSP70) in the @entity840 cochlea and to explore the role of HSP70 and its autoantibody in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of @entity389 ( @entity389 ). METHODS: To establish the animal model of @entity389 , homologous crude inner ear antigen was used to immunize the @entity840 . The expression of HSP70 was detected by immunocytochemistry and the relative staining densities were quantified with a light microscope image analysis system. The autoantibodies against @entity9487 in the plasma of animals were tested by Western blot using purified recombinant @entity1 @entity9487 as antigen. RESULTS: HSP70 presented in the normal @entity840 cochlea at a lower level. After immunological challenge, the levels of HSP70 immunoreactivity in the immunized animals were significantly increased as compared with control animals. Optical densities of cochleae of immunized animals were significantly greater than those of animals in the control group (P < 0.01). Most of the immunized animals had developed autoantibodies against @entity9487 . The incidence of autoantibody in the experimental group was significantly different (P < 0.01) from the control group. CONCLUSION: Antigen stimulation could lead to an increase in the synthesis of HSP70 in the @entity840 cochlea. The detection of autoantibody against @entity9487 might have significance in the diagnosis of @entity389 .

title: [The role of XXXX protein 70 and its autoantibody in experimental autoimmune @entity389 ].

answer: @entity1457 :: (MESH:D012769,Disease) :: ['heat shock']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A computed tomography study. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to clarify the position of the aorta relative to the spine in @entity1 with @entity196 adolescent idiopathic @entity1635 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Several authors have examined the position of the aorta in @entity1 with @entity1635 ; however, their analysis included several types of curve. There is a possibility that the position of the aorta differs according to the @entity1635 curve type. METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity1 with @entity196 were analyzed. The angle (left pedicle aorta [LtP-Ao] angle) and distance (LtP-Ao distance) from the insertion point of the left pedicle screw to the aorta were measured from T4 through L2. The measured data were evaluated from 4 levels above to 4 levels below the apical vertebra. The difference between lumbar modifiers A and C was examined. Dangerous pedicles, which were defined as those in which the aorta entered the expected area based on the screw direction error and length, were counted from T10 to L2. RESULTS: The aorta was located posterolaterally and adjacent to the vertebra at the middle thoracic level, and anteromedially and distant at the thoracolumbar level. LtP-Ao angle was largest at 1 level above the apical vertebra, and LtP-Ao distance was shortest at 2 levels above. LtP-Ao angle of Lenke 1A was significantly larger than 1C from T11 to L2, and LtP-Ao distance of 1A was significantly shorter than 1C from T11 to L1. When the screw length was 40mm and the direction error was within 10  , there were a large number of dangerous pedicles at T11, regardless of the lumbar modifier. CONCLUSION: The direction error has a potential risk of injuring the aorta around the apical vertebra. The selection of screws of the proper length is necessary to avoid a breach of the anterior vertebral wall at thoracolumbar level, especially at T11. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: The Position of the Aorta Relative to the Vertebrae in XXXX With Lenke Type 1 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['Lenke type 1']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psychogenic @entity9663 is difficult to distinguish clinically from benign essential @entity9663 (BEB). The blink reflex recovery cycle measures the excitability of @entity1 brainstem interneurons and is abnormal in BEB. We wished to study the blink reflex recovery cycle in @entity1 with atypical (presumed psychogenic) @entity9663 ( @entity12440 ). METHODS: This was a prospective data collection study investigating the R2 blink reflex recovery cycle at interstimulus intervals (ISI) of 200, 300, 500, 1,000, and 3,000 msec in 10 @entity1 with BEB, 9 @entity1 with @entity12440 , and 9 healthy controls. All @entity1 had @entity2473 of the orbicularis oculi muscles. To compare individual @entity1 , an R2 recovery index was calculated as average of the recovery values at ISIs of 200, 300, and 500 msec, with the upper limit of normal defined as mean (control group) + 2 SD. RESULTS: The R2 recovery cycle was significantly disinhibited in @entity1 with BEB, whereas @entity1 with @entity12440 did not differ from controls on a group level. The upper limit of normal for the R2 recovery index was 61%. The R2 index was abnormal in 9 out of 10 @entity1 with BEB and in none of the @entity1 with @entity12440 . CONCLUSIONS: A normal blink reflex recovery cycle indicates normal brainstem interneuron excitability. Assessment of the R2 recovery cycle may provide a useful diagnostic tool to distinguish @entity1 with psychogenic @entity9663 from BEB and is worthy of further study.

title: The blink reflex recovery cycle differs between essential and presumed psychogenic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9663 :: ('MESH:D001764', 'Disease') :: ['blepharospasm']

answer: @entity9663 :: (MESH:D001764,Disease) :: ['blepharospasm']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the level of knowledge regarding the relationships between oral health, @entity6 , body mass index (BMI; @entity28 ) and lifestyle among students of the Health Sciences Center (HSC), Kuwait, and to explore any possible correlation between students' oral health knowledge, BMI and lifestyle choices. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A stratified random sample was proportionally selected according to the size of each faculty from the 1,799 students. The questionnaire was divided into 3 sections (i.e. demographics, evaluation of oral health knowledge in relation to @entity6 , and evaluation of @entity6 knowledge in relation to lifestyle) and distributed to 532 students. Oral health knowledge was categorized as limited, reasonable or knowledgeable. Lifestyle was classified as healthy or nonhealthy. The BMI was calculated as weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m). ANOVA and x03C7;2 tests were used to test for differences between independent variables. A Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to assess correlations. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Of the 532 questionnaires, 498 (93.6%) were completed. The mean knowledge score was 47.7    25.2; of the 498 students, 235 (47.3%) had a BMI within the normal range, 184 (37.0%) were pre- @entity28 and 67 (13.5%) were @entity28 . Of the 498 students, 244 (49%) had a healthy lifestyle. There was no correlation between oral health knowledge and the other variables; however, there was a correlation between lifestyle and @entity28 . CONCLUSION: In this study, the majority of the students had limited knowledge of oral health in association with @entity6 and lifestyle. More than half of the students fell in the @entity28 .

title: Knowledge of the Relationships between Oral Health, XXXX , Body Mass Index and Lifestyle among Students at the Kuwait University Health Sciences Center, Kuwait.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['pre-obese/obese range', 'obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Supplementation with @entity3089 has been determined to aid in the prevention of @entity28 . Decaffeinated green tea extract appears to restore a normal hepatic metabolic profile and attenuate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced effects, thereby preventing @entity1561 in @entity19 . @entity19 were maintained on either a @entity23 ( @entity23 ) or HFD for 16 weeks and supplemented with either water or green tea extract (50 mg/kg/day). The body mass increase, serum adiponectin level, and lipid profile were measured over the course of the treatment. Furthermore, the AMPK pathway protein expression in the liver was measured. From the fourth week, the @entity1017 in the @entity23 + green tea extract (CE) group was lower than that in the @entity23 + water (CW) group. From the eighth week, the @entity1017 in the HFD + water (HFW) group was found to be higher than that in the CW group. Moreover, the @entity1017 in the HFD + green tea extract (HFE) group was found to be lower than that in the HFW group. Carcass lipid content was found to be higher in the HFW group than that in the CW and HFE groups. Serum analysis showed reduced non-esterified @entity844 level in the CE and HFE groups as compared with their corresponding placebo groups. Increased adiponectin level was observed in the same groups. Increased VLDL-TG secretion was observed in the HFW group as compared with the CW and HFE groups. Increased protein expression of @entity58728 , @entity14075 , pLKB1, and pAMPK was observed in the HFE group, which explained the reduced expression of ACC, FAS, @entity4062 , and @entity33134 in this group. These results indicate that the effects of decaffeinated green tea extract may be related to the activation of AMPK via @entity2448 in the liver of HFD-fed @entity19 .

title: Green Tea Extract Rich in @entity3089 Prevents Fatty Liver by AMPK Activation via XXXX in @entity19 Fed a High-Fat Diet.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['epigallocatechin-3-gallate']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'control diet']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['non-alcoholic fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

answer: @entity2448 :: (20869(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['LKB1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Supplementation with @entity3089 has been determined to aid in the prevention of @entity28 . Decaffeinated green tea extract appears to restore a normal hepatic metabolic profile and attenuate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced effects, thereby preventing @entity1561 in @entity19 . @entity19 were maintained on either a @entity23 ( @entity23 ) or HFD for 16 weeks and supplemented with either water or green tea extract (50 mg/kg/day). The body mass increase, serum adiponectin level, and lipid profile were measured over the course of the treatment. Furthermore, the AMPK pathway protein expression in the liver was measured. From the fourth week, the @entity1017 in the @entity23 + green tea extract (CE) group was lower than that in the @entity23 + water (CW) group. From the eighth week, the @entity1017 in the HFD + water (HFW) group was found to be higher than that in the CW group. Moreover, the @entity1017 in the HFD + green tea extract (HFE) group was found to be lower than that in the HFW group. Carcass lipid content was found to be higher in the HFW group than that in the CW and HFE groups. Serum analysis showed reduced non-esterified @entity844 level in the CE and HFE groups as compared with their corresponding placebo groups. Increased adiponectin level was observed in the same groups. Increased VLDL-TG secretion was observed in the HFW group as compared with the CW and HFE groups. Increased protein expression of @entity58728 , @entity14075 , pLKB1, and pAMPK was observed in the HFE group, which explained the reduced expression of ACC, FAS, @entity4062 , and @entity33134 in this group. These results indicate that the effects of decaffeinated green tea extract may be related to the activation of AMPK via @entity2448 in the liver of HFD-fed @entity19 .

title: Green Tea Extract Rich in XXXX Prevents Fatty Liver by AMPK Activation via @entity2448 in @entity19 Fed a High-Fat Diet.

answer: @entity3089 :: (MESH:C045651,Chemical) :: ['Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Supplementation with @entity3089 has been determined to aid in the prevention of @entity28 . Decaffeinated green tea extract appears to restore a normal hepatic metabolic profile and attenuate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced effects, thereby preventing @entity1561 in @entity19 . @entity19 were maintained on either a @entity23 ( @entity23 ) or HFD for 16 weeks and supplemented with either water or green tea extract (50 mg/kg/day). The body mass increase, serum adiponectin level, and lipid profile were measured over the course of the treatment. Furthermore, the AMPK pathway protein expression in the liver was measured. From the fourth week, the @entity1017 in the @entity23 + green tea extract (CE) group was lower than that in the @entity23 + water (CW) group. From the eighth week, the @entity1017 in the HFD + water (HFW) group was found to be higher than that in the CW group. Moreover, the @entity1017 in the HFD + green tea extract (HFE) group was found to be lower than that in the HFW group. Carcass lipid content was found to be higher in the HFW group than that in the CW and HFE groups. Serum analysis showed reduced non-esterified @entity844 level in the CE and HFE groups as compared with their corresponding placebo groups. Increased adiponectin level was observed in the same groups. Increased VLDL-TG secretion was observed in the HFW group as compared with the CW and HFE groups. Increased protein expression of @entity58728 , @entity14075 , pLKB1, and pAMPK was observed in the HFE group, which explained the reduced expression of ACC, FAS, @entity4062 , and @entity33134 in this group. These results indicate that the effects of decaffeinated green tea extract may be related to the activation of AMPK via @entity2448 in the liver of HFD-fed @entity19 .

title: Green Tea Extract Rich in @entity3089 Prevents Fatty Liver by AMPK Activation via @entity2448 in XXXX Fed a High-Fat Diet.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Diffuse @entity432 or isolated @entity432 >or=10 cm long typically are treated with surgical bypass grafting because of limited durability of stent placement. We evaluated the results of stent-graft placement as an option for treatment of these diseases. METHODS: Demographic data for @entity1 undergoing stent-grafting in one or more iliac artery segments were recorded. Technical, clinical, and hemodynamic success, and aortoiliac primary and secondary patency were analyzed with Society for Vascular Surgery/American Association for Vascular Surgery criteria. RESULTS: Thirty-four consecutive @entity1 underwent stent-graft treatment because of @entity158 (65%) or tissue loss (35%). Mean @entity1 age was 63 years, and 38% of @entity1 were @entity1 . Ninety-one percent of @entity1 had @entity101 , 71% had @entity453 , 21% had @entity177 (serum @entity1011 > 2.0 mg/dL), and 26% had @entity6 ; 71% were active smokers. TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus C or D disease was present in 85% of @entity1 , complete common or @entity432 was present in 41%, and external iliac @entity455 requiring treatment was present in 94% of @entity1 . Mean lesion length was 13.7 +/- 8 cm. Technical, hemodynamic, and clinical success was achieved in all @entity1 in whom the lesion could be crossed with a wire. Ankle-brachial index increased from.30 +/-.03 to.59 +/-.04. Self-expanding stent grafts were used (Wallgraft, Boston Scientific, Boston, Mass, in 88% of @entity1 ; Viabahn, W. L. Gore, Flagstaff, Ariz, in 12% of @entity1 ). Concomitant common femoral endarterectomy was performed in 53% of @entity1 . At 12 months, primary patency was 70% and primary assisted patency was 88%. Four stent grafts became occluded because of distal external iliac artery or proximal common femoral @entity455 , which required subsequent common femoral endarterectomy and either external iliac artery stent grafting or extraanatomic bypass grafting. Eighty percent (four of five) of primary patency failures were in @entity1 who did not undergo concomitant common femoral endarterectomy at initial stent graft placement. CONCLUSION: Early results of stent-graft placement to treat diffuse @entity432 appear better than our recent experience with stenting alone. Concomitant common femoral endarterectomy or better assessment of femoral disease may improve durability.

title: Early results of stent-grafting to treat diffuse XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['artery disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['rest pain']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['aortoiliac occlusive disease', 'external iliac artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['aortoiliac occlusive disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of marriage and parenthood in a cohort of @entity5 survivors included in the Off-Therapy Registry maintained by the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of 6,044 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity5 between 1960 and 1998, while aged 0 to 14 years and who were 18 years old or older by December 2003. They were followed up through the regional vital statistics registers until @entity204 or the end of follow up (October 30, 2006), whichever occurred first, and their marital status and date of birth of their @entity1 were recorded. The cumulative probabilities of being married and having a first @entity1 were computed by gender and compared by @entity5 type within the cohort. Marriage and fertility rates (the latter defined as the number of live births per @entity1 -year) were compared with those of the Italian population of the same age, gender, area of residence and calendar period by means of the observed to expected (O/E) ratios. RESULTS: During the follow-up period, 4,633 (77%) subjects had not married. The marriage O/E ratios were 0.56 (95% CI: 0.51-0.61) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.65-0.76) among @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. Overall, 263 @entity1 had 367 liveborn @entity1 , and 473 @entity1 had 697 liveborn @entity1 . The female fertility O/E ratio was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.53-0.62) overall, and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.99-1.17) when analyses were restricted to married/cohabiting @entity1 CONCLUSIONS: Childhood @entity5 survivors are less likely to marry and to have @entity1 than the general population, confirming the life-long impact of their previous disease on their social behavior and choices. The inclusion of counseling in the strategies of management and long-term surveillance of @entity5 @entity1 could be beneficial to survivors as they approach adulthood.

title: Marriage and parenthood among XXXX survivors: a report from the Italian AIEOP Off-Therapy Registry.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'childhood cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'woman', 'patients', 'child', 'men']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['childhood cancer']


abstract: Importance: Contact @entity566 to @entity16880 (MI) or to the combined formulation of @entity16881 and MI (MCI-MI) has increased significantly, with a frequency of as much as 11.1% in @entity1 with @entity1909 ; however, few cohort studies in the US population have been reported. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of contact @entity566 to MI and MCI-MI and the outcomes of @entity1 with positive patch test reactions to MI and MCI-MI. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Retrospective medical record review of all consecutive @entity1 (n   =   703) presenting with possible @entity3408 and subsequently undergoing patch testing at a tertiary referral center from January 1, 2012, through November 30, 2014. Patch testing used the North American @entity5526 Group standard series. The MCI-MI concentration was 100 ppm; the MI concentration in the screening series increased from 200 to 2000 ppm in January 2013. Demographic data, exposures, and outcomes were reported for @entity1 with positive patch test reactions to MI and/or MCI-MI. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2014, through January 31, 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures: Positive patch test reaction to MI and/or MCI-MI and identification of the relevance of contact @entity566 to these preservatives. Follow-up after allergen avoidance was determined when available. Results: Of the 703 @entity1 who underwent patch testing, contact @entity566 to MI and/or MCI-MI occurred in 57 @entity1 (8.1%), with 35 reactions to MI only, 5 reactions to MCI-MI only, and 17 reactions to both. Prevalence of contact @entity566 to MI increased from 6 of 236 @entity1 (2.5%) in 2012 to 16 of 235 @entity1 (6.8%) in 2014. The most commonly affected sites were the hands and face. Contact @entity566 to MI and/or MCI-MI was occupationally related in 4 cases. Cosmetics, soaps and cleansers (including wet wipes), and hair care products accounted for all identified sources. Twenty-three @entity1 had follow-up data, and 17 of these (74%) improved with allergen avoidance. Conclusions and Relevance: The increasing prevalence of contact @entity566 to MI alone supports its addition to the standard series to identify cases missed by testing only for MCI-MI. Recent regulations by the European Commission have banned MCI-MI in all leave-on body products as of July 16, 2015. Currently recommended US regulations are less stringent; however, US regulatory agencies must act to ensure @entity1 safety.

title: Patch Testing for XXXX and @entity16881 - @entity16880 Contact Allergy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity3408 :: ('MESH:D017449', 'Disease') :: ['allergic contact dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy', 'allergies']

entities_list: @entity5526 :: ('MESH:D003877', 'Disease') :: ['Contact Dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity16880 :: ('MESH:C011506', 'Chemical') :: ['methylisothiazolinone']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity16881 :: ('MESH:C011421', 'Chemical') :: ['methylchloroisothiazolinone']

answer: @entity16880 :: (MESH:C011506,Chemical) :: ['Methylisothiazolinone']


abstract: Importance: Contact @entity566 to @entity16880 (MI) or to the combined formulation of @entity16881 and MI (MCI-MI) has increased significantly, with a frequency of as much as 11.1% in @entity1 with @entity1909 ; however, few cohort studies in the US population have been reported. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of contact @entity566 to MI and MCI-MI and the outcomes of @entity1 with positive patch test reactions to MI and MCI-MI. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Retrospective medical record review of all consecutive @entity1 (n   =   703) presenting with possible @entity3408 and subsequently undergoing patch testing at a tertiary referral center from January 1, 2012, through November 30, 2014. Patch testing used the North American @entity5526 Group standard series. The MCI-MI concentration was 100 ppm; the MI concentration in the screening series increased from 200 to 2000 ppm in January 2013. Demographic data, exposures, and outcomes were reported for @entity1 with positive patch test reactions to MI and/or MCI-MI. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2014, through January 31, 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures: Positive patch test reaction to MI and/or MCI-MI and identification of the relevance of contact @entity566 to these preservatives. Follow-up after allergen avoidance was determined when available. Results: Of the 703 @entity1 who underwent patch testing, contact @entity566 to MI and/or MCI-MI occurred in 57 @entity1 (8.1%), with 35 reactions to MI only, 5 reactions to MCI-MI only, and 17 reactions to both. Prevalence of contact @entity566 to MI increased from 6 of 236 @entity1 (2.5%) in 2012 to 16 of 235 @entity1 (6.8%) in 2014. The most commonly affected sites were the hands and face. Contact @entity566 to MI and/or MCI-MI was occupationally related in 4 cases. Cosmetics, soaps and cleansers (including wet wipes), and hair care products accounted for all identified sources. Twenty-three @entity1 had follow-up data, and 17 of these (74%) improved with allergen avoidance. Conclusions and Relevance: The increasing prevalence of contact @entity566 to MI alone supports its addition to the standard series to identify cases missed by testing only for MCI-MI. Recent regulations by the European Commission have banned MCI-MI in all leave-on body products as of July 16, 2015. Currently recommended US regulations are less stringent; however, US regulatory agencies must act to ensure @entity1 safety.

title: Patch Testing for @entity16880 and @entity16881 - XXXX Contact Allergy.

answer: @entity16880 :: (MESH:C011506,Chemical) :: ['Methylisothiazolinone']


abstract: Importance: Contact @entity566 to @entity16880 (MI) or to the combined formulation of @entity16881 and MI (MCI-MI) has increased significantly, with a frequency of as much as 11.1% in @entity1 with @entity1909 ; however, few cohort studies in the US population have been reported. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of contact @entity566 to MI and MCI-MI and the outcomes of @entity1 with positive patch test reactions to MI and MCI-MI. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : Retrospective medical record review of all consecutive @entity1 (n   =   703) presenting with possible @entity3408 and subsequently undergoing patch testing at a tertiary referral center from January 1, 2012, through November 30, 2014. Patch testing used the North American @entity5526 Group standard series. The MCI-MI concentration was 100 ppm; the MI concentration in the screening series increased from 200 to 2000 ppm in January 2013. Demographic data, exposures, and outcomes were reported for @entity1 with positive patch test reactions to MI and/or MCI-MI. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2014, through January 31, 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures: Positive patch test reaction to MI and/or MCI-MI and identification of the relevance of contact @entity566 to these preservatives. Follow-up after allergen avoidance was determined when available. Results: Of the 703 @entity1 who underwent patch testing, contact @entity566 to MI and/or MCI-MI occurred in 57 @entity1 (8.1%), with 35 reactions to MI only, 5 reactions to MCI-MI only, and 17 reactions to both. Prevalence of contact @entity566 to MI increased from 6 of 236 @entity1 (2.5%) in 2012 to 16 of 235 @entity1 (6.8%) in 2014. The most commonly affected sites were the hands and face. Contact @entity566 to MI and/or MCI-MI was occupationally related in 4 cases. Cosmetics, soaps and cleansers (including wet wipes), and hair care products accounted for all identified sources. Twenty-three @entity1 had follow-up data, and 17 of these (74%) improved with allergen avoidance. Conclusions and Relevance: The increasing prevalence of contact @entity566 to MI alone supports its addition to the standard series to identify cases missed by testing only for MCI-MI. Recent regulations by the European Commission have banned MCI-MI in all leave-on body products as of July 16, 2015. Currently recommended US regulations are less stringent; however, US regulatory agencies must act to ensure @entity1 safety.

title: Patch Testing for @entity16880 and XXXX - @entity16880 Contact Allergy.

answer: @entity16881 :: (MESH:C011421,Chemical) :: ['Methylchloroisothiazolinone']


abstract: PURPOSE: Venous @entity1066 fibroblasts demonstrate decreased proliferative responses to growth factor stimulation, suggesting cellular senescence. However, the role of @entity4096 ( @entity4096 ) disease progression and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in agonist-induced cellular proliferation is ill-defined. We hypothesize that @entity4096 -induced fibroblast proliferative resistance to growth factors worsens with disease progression and is regulated by the composition of ECM. METHODS: Fibroblast explants were isolated from biopsy specimens from two @entity1 without @entity4096 and 16 @entity1 with @entity4096 of the lower @entity291 (LC) and @entity7881 ( @entity7881 ) and stratified according to CEAP disease severity: non- @entity4096 (NC; n = 2), class 2-3 (n = 5), class 4 (n = 5), class 5 (n = 3), and class 6 (n = 3). Proliferation experiments were standardized with a neonatal foreskin fibroblast cell line (HS68). A 10-day course and dose response experiment with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ng/mL of @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) demonstrated maximal cell proliferation at 5 ng/mL of @entity2533 on day 4. Under these conditions, @entity4096 dermal fibroblasts were challenged with and without @entity2533 and evaluated for proliferative responses on plates coated with @entity852 , collagen, and fibronectin. RESULTS: No differences in unstimulated proliferation were observed in @entity7881 and LC fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 2-3 disease and @entity7881 fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 4 and 5 disease, compared with NC and HS68 cells. LC fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 4 disease (P <.05) and class 5 disease (P <.001), and LC (P <.001), and @entity7881 fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 6 disease (P <.001) proliferated to a lesser degree than did NC and HS68 cells. The diminished proliferation observed in class 4 LC cells was reversible with @entity2533 stimulation (P <.004); however, class 5 and class 6 LC and @entity7881 fibroblasts did not respond to stimulation with @entity2533 . Collagen increased proliferation of HS68 cells with (P <.05) and without (P <.01) @entity2533 , compared with cells grown on @entity852 , but did not increase proliferative responses in NC or @entity4096 fibroblasts with and without @entity2533 . Similarly, fibronectin increased proliferation of HS68 cells (P <.05) compared with cells grown on @entity852 , but did not alter proliferation in @entity4096 fibroblasts. Fibronectin did seem to inhibit @entity2533 -induced proliferation observed in class 4 LC cells. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that clinical disease progression correlates with cellular dysfunction. Fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 2-3 disease retain their unstimulated and agonist- induced proliferative capacity, compared with NC and HS68 cells. The onset of inflammatory skin changes (class 4 and class 5 disease) diminishes agonist-induced proliferation, and @entity1066 formation (class 6 disease) severely inhibits it. In addition, the composition of ECM does not affect @entity2533 -induced proliferation of fibroblasts in @entity4096 .

title: Altered proliferative responses of dermal fibroblasts to @entity2533 may contribute to chronic venous stasis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-beta(1)', 'TGF-beta(1)']

entities_list: @entity4096 :: ('MESH:D014689', 'Disease') :: ['CVI', 'chronic venous insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity7881 :: ('MESH:C563621', 'Disease') :: ['lower thigh', 'LT']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Venous @entity1066 fibroblasts demonstrate decreased proliferative responses to growth factor stimulation, suggesting cellular senescence. However, the role of @entity4096 ( @entity4096 ) disease progression and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in agonist-induced cellular proliferation is ill-defined. We hypothesize that @entity4096 -induced fibroblast proliferative resistance to growth factors worsens with disease progression and is regulated by the composition of ECM. METHODS: Fibroblast explants were isolated from biopsy specimens from two @entity1 without @entity4096 and 16 @entity1 with @entity4096 of the lower @entity291 (LC) and @entity7881 ( @entity7881 ) and stratified according to CEAP disease severity: non- @entity4096 (NC; n = 2), class 2-3 (n = 5), class 4 (n = 5), class 5 (n = 3), and class 6 (n = 3). Proliferation experiments were standardized with a neonatal foreskin fibroblast cell line (HS68). A 10-day course and dose response experiment with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ng/mL of @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) demonstrated maximal cell proliferation at 5 ng/mL of @entity2533 on day 4. Under these conditions, @entity4096 dermal fibroblasts were challenged with and without @entity2533 and evaluated for proliferative responses on plates coated with @entity852 , collagen, and fibronectin. RESULTS: No differences in unstimulated proliferation were observed in @entity7881 and LC fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 2-3 disease and @entity7881 fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 4 and 5 disease, compared with NC and HS68 cells. LC fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 4 disease (P <.05) and class 5 disease (P <.001), and LC (P <.001), and @entity7881 fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 6 disease (P <.001) proliferated to a lesser degree than did NC and HS68 cells. The diminished proliferation observed in class 4 LC cells was reversible with @entity2533 stimulation (P <.004); however, class 5 and class 6 LC and @entity7881 fibroblasts did not respond to stimulation with @entity2533 . Collagen increased proliferation of HS68 cells with (P <.05) and without (P <.01) @entity2533 , compared with cells grown on @entity852 , but did not increase proliferative responses in NC or @entity4096 fibroblasts with and without @entity2533 . Similarly, fibronectin increased proliferation of HS68 cells (P <.05) compared with cells grown on @entity852 , but did not alter proliferation in @entity4096 fibroblasts. Fibronectin did seem to inhibit @entity2533 -induced proliferation observed in class 4 LC cells. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that clinical disease progression correlates with cellular dysfunction. Fibroblasts from @entity1 with class 2-3 disease retain their unstimulated and agonist- induced proliferative capacity, compared with NC and HS68 cells. The onset of inflammatory skin changes (class 4 and class 5 disease) diminishes agonist-induced proliferation, and @entity1066 formation (class 6 disease) severely inhibits it. In addition, the composition of ECM does not affect @entity2533 -induced proliferation of fibroblasts in @entity4096 .

title: Altered proliferative responses of dermal fibroblasts to XXXX may contribute to chronic venous stasis @entity1066 .

answer: @entity2533 :: (7040,Gene) :: ['TGF-beta1']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Athletes in Malaysia need to perform in a hot and humid environment due to the climatic nature of the country. Chronic supplementation of @entity9052 (PG) (a deciduous perennial plant belonging to the Araliaceae family) enhances physical performance. As the ergogenic effect of acute supplementation of PG on endurance performance has not been explored in the Malaysian population especially in a hot and humid condition this study was taken up. METHODS: Nine heat adapted recreational runners (age: 25.4    6.9 yr, body mass: 57.6    8.4 kg; body height: 168.3    7.6 cm) were recruited in this placebo-controlled double-blind randomized study. Subjects ingested 200 mg of PG one hour before the exercise test on treadmill at 70 per cent of their VO2max in a laboratory environment of 31   C and 70 per cent relative humidity. They drank 3 ml/kg body weight of cool water every 20 min during the exercise to prevent adverse effects of @entity2700 . Blood samples were drawn every 20 min for the analysis of @entity413 , @entity880 , insulin and free @entity1718 . @entity26 uptake was determined every 20 min while heart rate, body and skin temperatures, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded every 10 min during the trials. RESULTS: Endurance running time to exhaustion did not differ between PG and placebo trials. Heart rate, skin temperature, core body temperature, @entity26 uptake, RPE, plasma insulin, @entity413 , free @entity844 and @entity880 levels during the endurance exercise did not show any significant differences between the trials. INTERPRETATION _ CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that acute supplementation of 200 mg of PG did not affect the endurance running performance of the heat-adapted male recreational runners in the heat.

title: Effects of acute supplementation of XXXX on endurance running in a hot _ humid environment.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen', 'Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity9052 :: ('4054', 'Species') :: ['Panax ginseng']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity9052 :: (4054,Species) :: ['Panax ginseng']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the analgesic and side effects of adding @entity4829 to @entity5018 in emergency department @entity1 with @entity697 . METHODS: A randomized, prospective, double-blind study was conducted at an urban teaching @entity2613 with an annual census of 44,000. One hundred two @entity1 aged 18 to 70 years with @entity697 caused by minor @entity130 within the prior 48 hours were included, and 77 @entity1 completed the protocol. Each @entity1 received a single dose of 800 mg of @entity5018 in the @entity2613 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 800 mg of @entity5018 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 . In addition, 51 @entity1 received a single dose of 10 mg of @entity4829 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 10 mg of @entity4829 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 ; the remaining 51 @entity1 received an identically labeled placebo capsule and vial of placebo capsules to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 . @entity1 rated the intensity of their @entity158 on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes; and 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Telephone follow-up was obtained at 24 and 48 hours, and side effects were elicited at 24 and 48 hours by means of open-ended questioning. RESULTS: The @entity1 in each group were similar with regard to diagnosis and baseline @entity158 score. The number of @entity1 who did not complete the protocol and the number of those who required additional analgesia were similar in both groups. Over the 48 hours of the protocol, the mean VAS score for the combination group decreased from 60.4 to 35.6, and the mean VAS score for the @entity5018 alone group decreased from 62.2 to 35.4. The mean VAS scores between groups across time was not statistically significant (P =.962, repeated-measures analysis of variance). At both 24 and 48 hours, central nervous system side effects were reported more frequently in the @entity1 receiving @entity4829 (16 [42%] versus 7 [18%] at 24 hours and 15 [39%] versus 5 [13%] at 48 hours, respectively). CONCLUSION: In @entity2613 @entity1 with @entity697 , the addition of @entity4829 to @entity5018 does not improve analgesia but is associated with a greater prevalence of central nervous system side effects.

title: @entity4829 with XXXX versus @entity5018 alone in @entity697 : a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute myofascial strain']

entities_list: @entity4829 :: ('MESH:C004704', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclobenzaprine']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

answer: @entity5018 :: (MESH:D007052,Chemical) :: ['ibuprofen']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the analgesic and side effects of adding @entity4829 to @entity5018 in emergency department @entity1 with @entity697 . METHODS: A randomized, prospective, double-blind study was conducted at an urban teaching @entity2613 with an annual census of 44,000. One hundred two @entity1 aged 18 to 70 years with @entity697 caused by minor @entity130 within the prior 48 hours were included, and 77 @entity1 completed the protocol. Each @entity1 received a single dose of 800 mg of @entity5018 in the @entity2613 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 800 mg of @entity5018 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 . In addition, 51 @entity1 received a single dose of 10 mg of @entity4829 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 10 mg of @entity4829 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 ; the remaining 51 @entity1 received an identically labeled placebo capsule and vial of placebo capsules to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 . @entity1 rated the intensity of their @entity158 on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes; and 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Telephone follow-up was obtained at 24 and 48 hours, and side effects were elicited at 24 and 48 hours by means of open-ended questioning. RESULTS: The @entity1 in each group were similar with regard to diagnosis and baseline @entity158 score. The number of @entity1 who did not complete the protocol and the number of those who required additional analgesia were similar in both groups. Over the 48 hours of the protocol, the mean VAS score for the combination group decreased from 60.4 to 35.6, and the mean VAS score for the @entity5018 alone group decreased from 62.2 to 35.4. The mean VAS scores between groups across time was not statistically significant (P =.962, repeated-measures analysis of variance). At both 24 and 48 hours, central nervous system side effects were reported more frequently in the @entity1 receiving @entity4829 (16 [42%] versus 7 [18%] at 24 hours and 15 [39%] versus 5 [13%] at 48 hours, respectively). CONCLUSION: In @entity2613 @entity1 with @entity697 , the addition of @entity4829 to @entity5018 does not improve analgesia but is associated with a greater prevalence of central nervous system side effects.

title: @entity4829 with @entity5018 versus XXXX alone in @entity697 : a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

answer: @entity5018 :: (MESH:D007052,Chemical) :: ['ibuprofen']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the analgesic and side effects of adding @entity4829 to @entity5018 in emergency department @entity1 with @entity697 . METHODS: A randomized, prospective, double-blind study was conducted at an urban teaching @entity2613 with an annual census of 44,000. One hundred two @entity1 aged 18 to 70 years with @entity697 caused by minor @entity130 within the prior 48 hours were included, and 77 @entity1 completed the protocol. Each @entity1 received a single dose of 800 mg of @entity5018 in the @entity2613 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 800 mg of @entity5018 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 . In addition, 51 @entity1 received a single dose of 10 mg of @entity4829 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 10 mg of @entity4829 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 ; the remaining 51 @entity1 received an identically labeled placebo capsule and vial of placebo capsules to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 . @entity1 rated the intensity of their @entity158 on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes; and 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Telephone follow-up was obtained at 24 and 48 hours, and side effects were elicited at 24 and 48 hours by means of open-ended questioning. RESULTS: The @entity1 in each group were similar with regard to diagnosis and baseline @entity158 score. The number of @entity1 who did not complete the protocol and the number of those who required additional analgesia were similar in both groups. Over the 48 hours of the protocol, the mean VAS score for the combination group decreased from 60.4 to 35.6, and the mean VAS score for the @entity5018 alone group decreased from 62.2 to 35.4. The mean VAS scores between groups across time was not statistically significant (P =.962, repeated-measures analysis of variance). At both 24 and 48 hours, central nervous system side effects were reported more frequently in the @entity1 receiving @entity4829 (16 [42%] versus 7 [18%] at 24 hours and 15 [39%] versus 5 [13%] at 48 hours, respectively). CONCLUSION: In @entity2613 @entity1 with @entity697 , the addition of @entity4829 to @entity5018 does not improve analgesia but is associated with a greater prevalence of central nervous system side effects.

title: @entity4829 with @entity5018 versus @entity5018 alone in XXXX : a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

answer: @entity697 :: (MESH:D000208,Disease) :: ['acute myofascial strain']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the analgesic and side effects of adding @entity4829 to @entity5018 in emergency department @entity1 with @entity697 . METHODS: A randomized, prospective, double-blind study was conducted at an urban teaching @entity2613 with an annual census of 44,000. One hundred two @entity1 aged 18 to 70 years with @entity697 caused by minor @entity130 within the prior 48 hours were included, and 77 @entity1 completed the protocol. Each @entity1 received a single dose of 800 mg of @entity5018 in the @entity2613 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 800 mg of @entity5018 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 . In addition, 51 @entity1 received a single dose of 10 mg of @entity4829 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 10 mg of @entity4829 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 ; the remaining 51 @entity1 received an identically labeled placebo capsule and vial of placebo capsules to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity2613 . @entity1 rated the intensity of their @entity158 on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes; and 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Telephone follow-up was obtained at 24 and 48 hours, and side effects were elicited at 24 and 48 hours by means of open-ended questioning. RESULTS: The @entity1 in each group were similar with regard to diagnosis and baseline @entity158 score. The number of @entity1 who did not complete the protocol and the number of those who required additional analgesia were similar in both groups. Over the 48 hours of the protocol, the mean VAS score for the combination group decreased from 60.4 to 35.6, and the mean VAS score for the @entity5018 alone group decreased from 62.2 to 35.4. The mean VAS scores between groups across time was not statistically significant (P =.962, repeated-measures analysis of variance). At both 24 and 48 hours, central nervous system side effects were reported more frequently in the @entity1 receiving @entity4829 (16 [42%] versus 7 [18%] at 24 hours and 15 [39%] versus 5 [13%] at 48 hours, respectively). CONCLUSION: In @entity2613 @entity1 with @entity697 , the addition of @entity4829 to @entity5018 does not improve analgesia but is associated with a greater prevalence of central nervous system side effects.

title: XXXX with @entity5018 versus @entity5018 alone in @entity697 : a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

answer: @entity4829 :: (MESH:C004704,Chemical) :: ['Cyclobenzaprine']