abstract: To describe the epidemiological and laboratory characteristics of @entity1036 at a referral center in Brazil. Charts of all @entity1 referred to the Ocular Microbiology Laboratory at Federal University of S  o Paulo (UNIFESP) from July 1975 to September 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. The following data were recorded: age, gender, involved eye, use of ocular medication, previous @entity130 or surgery, contact lens wear and the results of laboratory cultures. The study included 6,804 corneal cultures. The mean age was 42.1      21.4  years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. Positive cultures were obtained in 3,309 (48.6%) cases. Of these, bacteria were isolated in 2,699 (39.7%), fungi in 364 (5.3%) and Acanthamoeba in 246 (3.6%) samples. Positive bacterial cultures were 2.7-fold more frequent in @entity1 with previous use of @entity230 (P  <  0.01), and a 30% reduction in positive bacterial cultures was observed in @entity1 with previous use of antibiotics (P  <  0.01). A total of 1,524 @entity1 (22.4%) had a past history of ocular surgery. Contact lens wearers showed a 1.7 times greater chance of having an Acanthamoeba-positive culture (P  <  0.01). Previous @entity2194 was present in 1,118 (16.4%) cases and injury caused by plants showed a 3.8 times greater chance of a positive fungal culture (P  <  0.01). Bacterial organisms were identified as the most frequent agent followed by fungi and Acanthamoeba. Prescription of @entity230 and antibiotics prior to corneal scrapings may modify the laboratory test results. Previous corneal surgery, contact lens wear and @entity2194 have been shown to be risk factors for @entity19415 , respectively.

title: XXXX at a referral center in Brazil.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular trauma']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['microbial keratitis']

entities_list: @entity19415 :: ('MESH:D015823', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial, Acanthamoeba and fungal keratitis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['Microbial keratitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A study was undertaken to assess clinical outcome and the role of proton therapy for local control of @entity421 ( @entity421 ). METHODS: All @entity1 who received proton therapy or mixed photon-proton radiotherapy from 1983 to 2009 at the Massachusetts General Hospital were reviewed. Criteria for proton therapy were the need for high dose in the context of highly conformal radiotherapy of unresected or partially resected @entity421 , positive postoperative margins, postoperative imaging studies with @entity66 , or incomplete resection as defined by the surgeon. The primary endpoint was local control of the site treated; secondary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), long-term @entity137 , and prognostic factors associated with clinical outcome. RESULTS: Fifty-five @entity1 with a median age of 29 years (range, 2-76 years) were offered proton therapy. The mean dose was 68.4 gray (Gy; standard deviation, 5.4 Gy). Of the total dose, 58.2% (range, 11%-100%) was delivered with protons. Local control after 3 and 5 years was 82% and 72%, respectively. The distant failure rate was 26% after 3 and 5 years. The 5-year DFS was 65%, and the 5-year OS was 67%. The extent of surgical resection did not correlate with outcome. Risk factors for local failure were >=  2 grade disease (P < .0001) and total treatment length (P = .008). Grade 3 to 4 late @entity137 was seen in 30.1 % of @entity1 . One @entity1 died from treatment-associated @entity981 , and 1 from secondary @entity189 . CONCLUSIONS: Proton therapy to deliver high radiotherapy doses allows locally curative treatment for some @entity1 with unresectable or incompletely resected @entity421 .

title: Proton-based radiotherapy for unresectable or incompletely resected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['macroscopic disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the maxilla']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['OSA', 'osteosarcoma']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['osteosarcoma']


abstract: AIM: To determine features of intestinal microbiocenosis in @entity6636 as well as biological characteristics of isolated microflora in residents of Orenburg city. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 70 @entity1 one year old and 60 adult 1 - 60 years old were examined for @entity6636 . Bacteriologic identification of the large intestine's content was performed using method of serial dilutions. Isolated microorganisms were identified by routine methods. Assessment of the degree of @entity74 was conducted according to the standard guideline " @entity1 management protocol. @entity6636 ". Antibiotic resistance of @entity4005 species was determined by disc-diffusion method, antagonistic activity of lactobacilli--by plate culture method, and @entity16977 activity--by agar bullet method. RESULTS: @entity74 were registered in more than 90% of examined subjects. For @entity1 of both age groups, stage I of @entity6636 was observed most often. @entity74 were characterized by increased amount of bacteria from @entity4005 genus and @entity375 -like fungi from Candida genus. It was established that antibiotic resistance was widely prevalent in isolated strains of @entity4005 . At the same time representatives of normal microflora, i.e. lactobacilli, had a marked antagonistic activity against @entity4005 species, @entity794 , Candida fungi and low level of @entity16977 activity. CONCLUSION: Among the population of Orenburg, @entity6636 was widely prevalent and characterized by predominance of @entity4005 spp. and Candida spp. among opportunistic microflora. One of the rational methods of correction of compensated forms of @entity6636 is stimulation of growth of normal flora including lactobacilli, which have antagonistic activity.

title: [Features of microbiocenosis of the large intestine in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity6636 :: ('MESH:D064806', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal dysbiosis', 'Intestinal dysbiosis', 'dysbiosis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['dysbiotic disorder', 'Dysbiotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity4005 :: ('MESH:D007710', 'Disease') :: ['Klebsiella']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['dysbiotic disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Transapical @entity886 (TAVI) is a new method that might reduce the surgical risk of conventional surgical aortic valve replacement in very high-risk @entity1 . Increased downstream microembolization is expected in transapical @entity886 . However, whether it usually occurs, how often, and its clinical relevance are not known. We report the results of ultrasound microembolic signal detection in the middle cerebral artery during the procedure. METHODS: Fifty @entity1 (mean age: 80    5 years; mean EuroSCORE: 36    13 %) underwent transapical @entity886 . Intraoperative transcranial Doppler (TCD) sound examination of both middle cerebral arteries (MCA) was used to identify high-intensity transient signals (HITS) and @entity7303 ( @entity7303 ) during seven phases of the procedure. Pre- and postoperative computed tomography of the brain and clinical neurological examinations were performed preoperatively and daily during the first postoperative week. RESULTS: During the procedure, HITS [right MCA: 435    922 (range 9-5765); left MCA: 471    996 (range 24-6432)] and @entity7303 [right MCA: 78    172 (range 1-955); left MCA: 62    190 (range 2-1553)] were detected in all @entity1 . Most of the @entity7303 were recorded during valvuloplasty [right MCA: 3    5.6 (range 0-31); left MCA: 2    4.9 (range 0-30)] and positioning of the prosthetic valve in the aortic position [right MCA: 6    5 (range 0-22); left MCA: 2    6.9 (range 0-38)]. Postoperatively, there were no clinical signs of new @entity999 . CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral microemboli were detected by intraoperative transcranial Doppler sound examinations in all @entity1 during transapical @entity886 . Most of the signals were detected during balloon valvuloplasty and delivery of the prosthetic valve.

title: Transcranial Doppler sound detection of cerebral microembolism during transapical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7303 :: ('MESH:C566796', 'Disease') :: ['microembolic signals', 'MES']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral embolism']

entities_list: @entity886 :: ('MESH:C563178', 'Disease') :: ['aortic valve implantation']

answer: @entity886 :: (MESH:C563178,Disease) :: ['aortic valve implantation']


abstract: AIM: To estimate the association between baby swimming and recurrent @entity1729 and @entity2346 media in the first year of life in @entity1 of parents without and with atopy. METHODS: Norwegian schoolchildren (n = 2862) was enrolled in a cross-sectional study of @entity565 and @entity566 using the questionnaire of the International Study of @entity566 in Childhood (ISAAC). The outcomes were parental retrospective report of recurrent @entity1729 and @entity2346 media diagnosed by a physician in the first year of life. The exposure was baby swimming during the same period. Parental atopy reflects a history of maternal or paternal @entity565 , @entity2023 or @entity484 . RESULTS: The prevalence of recurrent @entity1729 was higher (12.3%) among @entity1 who took part in baby swimming than among those who did not (7.5%). The prevalence of recurrent @entity1729 during the first year of life was 5.6% and 10.5%, respectively, in @entity1 of parents without and with atopy, whereas the prevalence of baby swimming was 5.6% and 5.1%, respectively, in the two groups. Stratified analysis using parental atopy as strata showed that the increased risk of recurrent @entity1729 was only present among @entity1 of parents with atopy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.08, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.08-4.031. A similar trend was present for @entity2346 media (aOR 1.77, 95% CI 0.96-3.25). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that baby swimming and @entity1 respiratory health may be linked. The findings need to be examined in a longitudinal study.

title: Baby swimming increases the risk of recurrent @entity1729 and XXXX media.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['Asthma and Allergies', 'allergy']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract infections']

answer: @entity2346 :: (MESH:D010031,Disease) :: ['otitis']


abstract: AIM: To estimate the association between baby swimming and recurrent @entity1729 and @entity2346 media in the first year of life in @entity1 of parents without and with atopy. METHODS: Norwegian schoolchildren (n = 2862) was enrolled in a cross-sectional study of @entity565 and @entity566 using the questionnaire of the International Study of @entity566 in Childhood (ISAAC). The outcomes were parental retrospective report of recurrent @entity1729 and @entity2346 media diagnosed by a physician in the first year of life. The exposure was baby swimming during the same period. Parental atopy reflects a history of maternal or paternal @entity565 , @entity2023 or @entity484 . RESULTS: The prevalence of recurrent @entity1729 was higher (12.3%) among @entity1 who took part in baby swimming than among those who did not (7.5%). The prevalence of recurrent @entity1729 during the first year of life was 5.6% and 10.5%, respectively, in @entity1 of parents without and with atopy, whereas the prevalence of baby swimming was 5.6% and 5.1%, respectively, in the two groups. Stratified analysis using parental atopy as strata showed that the increased risk of recurrent @entity1729 was only present among @entity1 of parents with atopy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.08, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.08-4.031. A similar trend was present for @entity2346 media (aOR 1.77, 95% CI 0.96-3.25). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that baby swimming and @entity1 respiratory health may be linked. The findings need to be examined in a longitudinal study.

title: Baby swimming increases the risk of recurrent XXXX and @entity2346 media.

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['respiratory tract infections']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There has been at least 40 years of active research on screening for @entity308 and distress in primary care. Both successes and failures have been documented. The purpose of this focussed narrative review was to summarise this research and present the key lessons for clinicians and researchers working in psychosocial oncology. METHODS: We searched for studies assessing the utility of screening in primary care in seven electronic bibliographic databases (CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, @entity49133 , Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge) from inception to December 2010. Results were reviewed and summarised into key areas. RESULTS: We found that research could be distilled into the following key learning points. (1) Primary care is an important partner in psychosocial care. (2) Both over and under detection are problematic. (3) Barriers to identification involve @entity1 and clinician factors. (4) Acceptability of screening is critical to implementation. (5) Underserved groups need special attention in screening. (6) @entity1 -clinician trust is an important modifiable variable. (7) Greater contact influences detection. (8) Clinician confidence/skills influence screening success and subsequent action. (9) Training may improve confidence but effects upon long-term outcomes are modest. (10) Screening is generally ineffective without aftercare. CONCLUSIONS: Primary care has shown largely what does not work in relation to screening. Namely relying on clinicians' unassisted judgement without infrastructural support, using over-complex scales with low acceptability, looking for @entity308 alone, using screening without linked treatment, treating in the absence of follow-up and failing to engage @entity1 in their own care. These pitfalls can and should be avoided in psychosocial oncology.

title: Screening for distress and XXXX in cancer settings: 10 lessons from 40 years of primary-care research.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: Blood management is an evolving field of reducing transfusions of allogeneic blood by maximizing multi-modality therapy to optimize red cell mass, reduce red cell loss, and harvest red cells that would have otherwise been discarded. These techniques are highly dependent upon teams working together. The programs are not just focused upon red cells but also on coagulation therapy. @entity1003 is at times a difficult complex pathologic conundrum. In cardiac surgery the complexity is added to because of the inflammatory effects of anticoagulation, air/blood interfaces, and @entity32 . @entity1 respond variably due to their own genetic and environmental factors. There can be a rational approach, thereby avoiding panic (a normal fear response) if the clinician utilizes not only the available laboratory technologies existing today but also follows published algorithms for treatment. These technologies with their coexisting algorithms have been widely shown to decrease blood usage, yet not to decrease @entity548 . That finding suggests that therapy without such guidance wastes expensive pro-coagulant blood products and produces no advantage (a decrease in @entity548 ). When a therapy produces no advantage all that it leaves the @entity1 with is the side effects or adverse outcomes. Adverse outcomes from coagulation products are real and sobering.

title: Blood management-issues: the panic of XXXX --is there a rational approach?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['Coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['coagulopathic bleeding']


abstract: The purpose of this prospective phase II trial was to investigate the safety and efficacy of a modified baseline BEACOPP ( @entity1732 , @entity2879 , @entity632 , @entity786 , @entity1891 , @entity4174 , and @entity229 ) regimen in the treatment of intermediate and advanced stage @entity978 ( @entity978 ). From October 1997 to November 2001, 51 consecutive, previously untreated @entity1 with stage IIA (bulky), IIB, III, and IV disease were treated with a modified baseline BEACOPP regimen with the @entity2879 administered i.v. on day 1 and orally at a dose of 100 mg/m2, on days 2 and 3. Each @entity1 was scheduled to receive eight courses of BEACOPP with consolidation radiotherapy to bulky (> or =5 cm) or @entity66 . There were 25 males and 26 females with a median age of 32 yr (16-65 yr); 80.3% of the @entity1 had @entity4383 @entity978 , 41% had bulky disease (> or =5 cm), 10 were in stage IIA (bulky > or =10 cm), 15 in stage IIB, 19 in stage III, and seven in stage IV. Thirty-seven @entity1 (72.5%) achieved a complete response and 17.6% partial response. No significant difference in overall response rate was observed between @entity1 with: (i) 0-2 vs. > or =3 negative prognostic factors, (ii) in stage II vs. stages III/IV, LDH level, and bulky disease. With a median follow up period of 39.5 months, actuarial 3-yr survival rate is 82% and time to progression rate 72.5%. Treatment with this combination was well tolerated. Grades 3 and 4 @entity1431 and @entity1398 occured in 26% and 28% of the @entity1 , respectively, whereas in 16.3% of the @entity1 infection was observed. Support with @entity1261 was given to 59% of the @entity1 . No case of secondary @entity4289 / @entity1778 has been observed. The results of the present study demonstrate that the modified baseline BEACOPP regimen with radiotherapy used in our @entity1 was well tolerated and effective therapy for intermediate and advanced stage @entity978 . Further follow up time is required to evaluate long-term @entity137 .

title: Treatment of intermediate and advanced stage XXXX with modified baseline BEACOPP regimen: a Hellenic Co-operative Oncology Group Study.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4174 :: ('MESH:D011344', 'Chemical') :: ['procarbazine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte colony-stimulating factor']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity4383 :: ('MESH:D020518', 'Disease') :: ['nodular sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: The manual of the World Health Organization defines leucocytospermia as the presence of >1 x 10(6) white blood cells per ml semen. Most authors consider leucocytospermia to be a consequence of inflammation due to @entity2348 . However, the efficacy of antibiotic therapy was not unequivocally demonstrated until now. We started a prospective, randomized, controlled study in 36 @entity1 , who consulted our department for @entity249 with leucocytospermia. None of the @entity1 reported any symptoms of @entity281 . The @entity1 were assigned randomly to two groups: group 1 received 250 mg @entity800 once a day over 10 days, @entity1 of group 2 received no therapy. Semen analysis was repeated 2 weeks later. After administration of @entity800 , a mean decrease of leucocyte count of 45.8 +/- 72.2% compared with a decrease of only 3 +/- 109.2% in the untreated group was observed. However, this difference is not statistically significant. There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to leucocyte count, sperm count and sperm cell after treatment. We conclude from our study that antibiotic therapy does not provide benefit for treatment of @entity10094 .

title: Treatment with @entity800 does not resolve XXXX --a randomized controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity10094 :: ('MESH:D058070', 'Disease') :: ['asymptomatic leucocytospermia']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['genital infection']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

answer: @entity10094 :: (MESH:D058070,Disease) :: ['asymptomatic leucocytospermia']


abstract: The manual of the World Health Organization defines leucocytospermia as the presence of >1 x 10(6) white blood cells per ml semen. Most authors consider leucocytospermia to be a consequence of inflammation due to @entity2348 . However, the efficacy of antibiotic therapy was not unequivocally demonstrated until now. We started a prospective, randomized, controlled study in 36 @entity1 , who consulted our department for @entity249 with leucocytospermia. None of the @entity1 reported any symptoms of @entity281 . The @entity1 were assigned randomly to two groups: group 1 received 250 mg @entity800 once a day over 10 days, @entity1 of group 2 received no therapy. Semen analysis was repeated 2 weeks later. After administration of @entity800 , a mean decrease of leucocyte count of 45.8 +/- 72.2% compared with a decrease of only 3 +/- 109.2% in the untreated group was observed. However, this difference is not statistically significant. There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to leucocyte count, sperm count and sperm cell after treatment. We conclude from our study that antibiotic therapy does not provide benefit for treatment of @entity10094 .

title: Treatment with XXXX does not resolve @entity10094 --a randomized controlled study.

answer: @entity800 :: (MESH:D015242,Chemical) :: ['levofloxacin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our understanding of the neurobiology of @entity148 , although not complete, has advanced significantly with the development and application of genetic, neuroimaging and neurochemical approaches. METHOD: The neuroanatomical basis of @entity148 is reviewed with particular focus on the amygdala and the temporal and prefrontal cortex. The functional anatomical correlates of @entity148 such as @entity4697 , @entity6542 and @entity1005 are also discussed. RESULTS: Functional neuroimaging studies in @entity1 with @entity148 have shown neurophysiological abnormalities during symptom provocation tests, implicating the limbic, paralimbic and sensory association regions. The involvement of neurotransmitters such as @entity750 and @entity1063 in @entity308 is well established. Antidepressants that affect these neurotransmitter systems have also been shown to be useful in the treatment and management of @entity1 with @entity148 . The role of @entity750 and @entity1063 in the pathophysiology of @entity148 is reviewed. In addition, the involvement of the stress hormone corticotropin-releasing hormone, the peptide @entity8586 and the @entity535 transmitter @entity1246 in @entity148 is reviewed. CONCLUSION: The inconsistency in the results of biologic investigations of @entity148 highlights the importance of addressing the neurobiologic heterogeneity inherent within criteria-based, @entity146 diagnoses. Understanding of this heterogeneity will be facilitated by the continued development and application of genetic, neuroimaging and neurochemical approaches that can refine @entity148 phenotypes and elucidate the genotypes associated with these disorders. Application of these experimental approaches will also facilitate research aimed at clarifying the mechanisms of anti- @entity148 therapies.

title: Neuroanatomical circuits modulating fear and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6542 :: ('MESH:C562465', 'Disease') :: ['specific phobias']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorders']

entities_list: @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-amino butyric acid']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety disorder', 'anxiety', 'anxiety disorders']

entities_list: @entity8586 :: ('MESH:D002766', 'Chemical') :: ['cholecystokinin']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['anxiety behaviors']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Separating nonisthmus-dependent @entity956 ( @entity956 ) from "organized" @entity955 ( @entity955 ), or isthmus-dependent @entity956 , may be difficult using ECG characteristics alone. We hypothesized that temporal and spatial phase analysis of ECG atrial waveforms could effectively separate these rhythms by quantifying subtle variations in ECG atrial activation during @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 52 @entity1 at electrophysiologic study (EPS) who demonstrated isthmus-dependent (n = 15) and nonisthmus-dependent (n = 9) @entity956 , @entity591 (n = 6), AV nodal reentry (n = 9), orthodromic reciprocating @entity591 (n = 6), and @entity955 (n = 7). Atrial activity was represented as a series of correlations of an atrial template to successive time samples of the @entity943 ECG. Spatial phase was analyzed as a reproducible relationship of this atrial activity between leads over time; temporal regularity was measured from power spectra. Spatial phase was maintained (coherent) in lead planes V5/aVF (XY), V5/V1 (XZ), and aVF/V1 (YZ) in 15 of 15 cases of isthmus-dependent @entity956 , but in only 1 of 9 cases of nonisthmus-dependent @entity956 (P < 0.01; chi2). Temporally, all cases of @entity956 showed one dominant peak on correlation spectra (magnitude >6 dB), suggesting one activation wavefront, although this was smeared in nonisthmus-dependent cases. In contrast, @entity955 showed inconsistent spatial phase in all planes and broad band spectra, consistent with multiple and/or variable activation paths. All other SVTs showed spatial coherence and one dominant spectral peak. CONCLUSION: Coherence of temporal and spatial phase is a powerful approach to measure the spatial organization of intracardiac activation from the ECG that reveals a spectrum from @entity4710 to isthmus-dependent and nonisthmus-dependent @entity956 , to @entity955 .

title: Quantifying intracardiac organization of XXXX using temporospatial phase of the electrocardiogram.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter', 'AFL']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardias', 'SVT']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['atrial arrhythmias']


abstract: The technique of the Turnbull-Cutait pullthrough procedure as performed at the Cleveland Clinic for @entity188 and other conditions is described. The results in 127 @entity1 are reported. Eighty-four @entity1 were operated upon for @entity188 and 47 for miscellaneous benign conditions. The average distance of @entity5 from the anal margin was 7.6 cm. The average margin of resection was 4.1 cm. The overall operative mortality was 1.2% in the @entity5 group. @entity39 occurred in 1.2% of the @entity5 @entity1 , and minor @entity530 occurred in 7.1%. The five-year survival in Dukes' A, B and C @entity188 was 100%, 57% and 53%, respectively. The incidence of pelvic recurrence of the @entity5 at 6% was within acceptable limits. The quality of bowel function following the pullthrough procedure is discussed. It is concluded that this pullthrough procedure has a significant role in the management of @entity188 and other conditions.

title: The Turnbull-Cutait pullthrough procedure for certain XXXX of the rectum and Hirschsprung disease.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity188 :: ('MESH:D012004', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the rectum', 'cancer of the rectum']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic sepsis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancers']


abstract: @entity2391 ( @entity2391 ) and @entity1638 are routinely used to inhibit disease activity in @entity15 , but their mechanisms of action are incompletely understood. Individual treatment responses vary and candidate molecular markers that predict them have yet to be established. Why some @entity1 respond poorly to a certain treatment while others respond well is addressed by the pharmacogenomic approach, which postulates that the molecular response to treatment correlates with the clinical effects, and thus seeks biological markers to estimate prognosis, guide therapy, comprehend the drugs' mechanisms of action and offer insights into disease pathogenesis. A poor clinical response can be owing to genetic variants in drug receptors or signaling components, or the appearance of neutralizing antibodies that interfere with the drug's binding efficacy. Independently, such mechanisms could lead to inadequate, that is to say unchanged, molecular responses, or exceedingly increased or decreased changes. By means of DNA microarray studies, various research groups endeavour to establish a clinically relevant relationship between the biological response to these drugs and treatment effects. Molecular profiles obtained in this way differ in the pattern and number of modulated genes, suggesting the existence of an individual 'drug-response fingerprint'. To further unravel the underlying regulatory interaction structure of the genes responsive to these immunotherapies represents a daunting but inevitable task. In this article, we focus on longitudinal ex vivo transcriptomic studies in @entity15 and its therapy. We will discuss recurrently reported biomarker candidates, emphasizing those of immunologically meaning, and review studies with network module outputs.

title: Sieving treatment biomarkers from blood gene-expression profiles: a pharmacogenomic update on two types of XXXX therapy.

entities_list: @entity1638 :: ('MESH:C089995', 'Chemical') :: ['glatiramer acetate']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: Radiation is used in the study of neurogenesis in the adult @entity19 both as a model for @entity1 undergoing radiation therapy for CNS @entity5 and as a tool to interrupt neurogenesis. We describe the use of a dedicated CT-guided precision device to irradiate specific sub-regions of the adult @entity19 brain. Improved CT visualization was accomplished with intrathecal injection of iodinated contrast agent, which enhances the lateral ventricles. T2-weighted MRI images were also used for target localization. Visualization of delivered beams (10 Gy) in tissue was accomplished with immunohistochemical staining for the protein y- @entity2006 , a marker of DNA double-strand breaks. y- @entity2006 stains showed that the lateral ventricle wall could be targeted with an accuracy of 0.19 mm (n = 10). In the hippocampus, y- @entity2006 staining showed that the dentate gyrus can be irradiated unilaterally with a localized arc treatment. This resulted in a significant decrease of proliferative neural progenitor cells as measured by Ki-67 staining (P < 0.001) while leaving the contralateral side intact. Two months after localized irradiation, neurogenesis was significantly inhibited in the irradiated region as seen with @entity10081 / @entity7079 double labeling (P < 0.001). Localized radiation in the rodent brain is a promising new tool for the study of neurogenesis.

title: Localized CT-guided irradiation inhibits neurogenesis in specific regions of the adult XXXX brain.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity exacerbates the age-related decline in physical function and causes frailty in older adults; however, the appropriate treatment for @entity28 older adults is controversial. METHODS: In this 1-year, randomized, controlled trial, we evaluated the independent and combined effects of weight loss and exercise in 107 adults who were 65 years of age or older and @entity28 . @entity1 were randomly assigned to a control group, a weight-management (diet) group, an exercise group, or a weight-management-plus-exercise (diet-exercise) group. The primary outcome was the change in score on the modified Physical Performance Test. Secondary outcomes included other measures of frailty, body composition, bone mineral density, specific physical functions, and quality of life. RESULTS: A total of 93 @entity1 (87%) completed the study. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the score on the Physical Performance Test, in which higher scores indicate better physical status, increased more in the diet-exercise group than in the diet group or the exercise group (increases from baseline of 21% vs. 12% and 15%, respectively); the scores in all three of those groups increased more than the scores in the control group (in which the score increased by 1%) (P<0.001 for the between-group differences). Moreover, the peak @entity26 consumption improved more in the diet-exercise group than in the diet group or the exercise group (increases of 17% vs. 10% and 8%, respectively; P<0.001); the score on the Functional Status Questionnaire, in which higher scores indicate better physical function, increased more in the diet-exercise group than in the diet group (increase of 10% vs. 4%, P<0.001). Body weight decreased by 10% in the diet group and by 9% in the diet-exercise group, but did not decrease in the exercise group or the control group (P<0.001). Lean body mass and bone mineral density at the hip decreased less in the diet-exercise group than in the diet group (reductions of 3% and 1%, respectively, in the diet-exercise group vs. reductions of 5% and 3%, respectively, in the diet group; P<0.05 for both comparisons). Strength, balance, and gait improved consistently in the diet-exercise group (P<0.05 for all comparisons). Adverse events included a small number of exercise-associated @entity85 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a combination of weight loss and exercise provides greater improvement in physical function than either intervention alone. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00146107.).

title: Weight loss, exercise, or both and physical function in XXXX older adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal injuries']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess background pre-pandemic cross-reacting antibodies to the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in older populations in Australia. DESIGN, SETTING AND @entity1 : Data were opportunistically generated from three cross-sectional pre-pandemic studies involving @entity1 aged 60 years or older: a 3-year (2006-2008) study of @entity683 outbreaks in aged care facilities (ACFs) in Sydney; an investigation of a respiratory virus outbreak in an @entity9598 in rural New South Wales in June 2009; and a non- @entity683 serosurvey undertaken in NSW in 2007 and 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalence of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody titres >=  1:40 (putative protective level) in pre-pandemic sera. RESULTS: In total, 259 serum samples from individuals aged 60 years or older (range, 60-101 years) were tested. More than half of the individuals tested were @entity1 (151/259; 58.3%). About a third of individuals (37.5%) had cross-reacting HAI antibody titres >=  1:40. The prevalence of cross-reacting antibodies was highest in the oldest age groups (>=  85 years), with more than 60% of these @entity1 having HAI antibody titres >=  1:40. The proportion of subjects with HAI antibody titres >=  1:40 decreased significantly and successively in younger groups to only 12% of those aged 60-64 years. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests a pre-existing @entity683 A antibody reserve in most of the oldest group of @entity1 that was cross-reactive to the new pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus; this is likely to be lifelong and to have provided them with clinical protection against the first wave of the pandemic. Pandemic @entity683 control measures need to focus more on younger adults naive to the pandemic virus and at increased risk of severe disease.

title: Cross-reacting antibodies against the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 XXXX virus in older Australians.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']


abstract: Information on the clinical spectrum and management of @entity9504 after kidney transplantation is limited. From April 2007 to April 2010, 17 kidney transplant recipients were diagnosed with @entity9504 . The median time to @entity281 was 5 (range, 2-300) weeks after transplantation. Of the 17 @entity1 , 13 (76.5%) presented early, within 3 months posttransplant, and four (23.5%) presented late, more than 3 months after transplant. Besides urinary tract, involvement of other organs was common (63.6%) among @entity1 with @entity9504 . Despite reduction of immunosuppression, six @entity1 subsequently had a rise in the level of blood viral load, mostly within a week after diagnosis. However, only three (27.3%) @entity1 with @entity281 developed disease progression. Compared to the late @entity281 group, @entity1 with @entity281 had significantly lower absolute lymphocyte counts at week 1 (p = 0.01) and 3 (p = 0.002) after diagnosis. Four @entity1 received intravenous @entity7076 . At 6-month follow-up, 10 (90.9%) @entity1 had reversible @entity813 . Only one (5.7%) died from @entity2348 . @entity9504 is a significant complication following kidney transplantation. Early case recognition with reduction of immunosuppression is critical. Serial blood adenovirus viral loads and assessment of lymphocyte recovery are also useful in monitoring the course of @entity281 .

title: XXXX after kidney transplantation: course of @entity281 and outcome in relation to blood viral load and immune recovery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9504 :: ('MESH:D000257', 'Disease') :: ['adenovirus disease', 'Adenovirus disease', 'adenovirus infection', 'adenovirus viremia']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial sepsis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['early infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity7076 :: ('MESH:C059262', 'Chemical') :: ['cidofovir']

entities_list: @entity813 :: ('MESH:D055031', 'Disease') :: ['graft dysfunction']

answer: @entity9504 :: (MESH:D000257,Disease) :: ['Adenovirus disease']


abstract: Information on the clinical spectrum and management of @entity9504 after kidney transplantation is limited. From April 2007 to April 2010, 17 kidney transplant recipients were diagnosed with @entity9504 . The median time to @entity281 was 5 (range, 2-300) weeks after transplantation. Of the 17 @entity1 , 13 (76.5%) presented early, within 3 months posttransplant, and four (23.5%) presented late, more than 3 months after transplant. Besides urinary tract, involvement of other organs was common (63.6%) among @entity1 with @entity9504 . Despite reduction of immunosuppression, six @entity1 subsequently had a rise in the level of blood viral load, mostly within a week after diagnosis. However, only three (27.3%) @entity1 with @entity281 developed disease progression. Compared to the late @entity281 group, @entity1 with @entity281 had significantly lower absolute lymphocyte counts at week 1 (p = 0.01) and 3 (p = 0.002) after diagnosis. Four @entity1 received intravenous @entity7076 . At 6-month follow-up, 10 (90.9%) @entity1 had reversible @entity813 . Only one (5.7%) died from @entity2348 . @entity9504 is a significant complication following kidney transplantation. Early case recognition with reduction of immunosuppression is critical. Serial blood adenovirus viral loads and assessment of lymphocyte recovery are also useful in monitoring the course of @entity281 .

title: @entity9504 after kidney transplantation: course of XXXX and outcome in relation to blood viral load and immune recovery.

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although 2-20% of @entity0 @entity1 develop a @entity0 ( @entity0 ), prognosis after @entity0 is still debated. Using a unique @entity1 cohort, we have investigated whether time interval to second @entity0 ( @entity52454 ) and mode of detection are associated to prognosis. METHODS: Information on @entity1 -, @entity5 -, treatment-characteristics, and outcome was abstracted from @entity1 ' individual charts for all @entity1 diagnosed with metachronous @entity0 in the Southern Healthcare Region of Sweden from 1977-2007. Distant disease-free survival (DDFS) and risk of distant @entity3 were primary endpoints. RESULTS: The cohort included 723 @entity1 with metachronous @entity0 as @entity0 event. @entity1 with less than three years to @entity52454 had a significantly impaired DDFS (p = 0.01), and in sub-group analysis, this effect was seen primarily in @entity1 aged <50. By logistic regression analysis, @entity1 diagnosed with @entity52454 within routine follow-up examinations had a significantly lower risk of developing @entity3 compared to those who were symptomatic at diagnosis (p < 0.0001). Chemotherapy given after breast BC1 was a negative prognostic factor for DDFS, whereas endocrine treatment and radiotherapy given after @entity52454 improved DDFS. CONCLUSIONS: In a large cohort of @entity1 with @entity0 , we found the time interval to @entity52454 to be a strong prognostic factor for DDFS in young @entity1 and mode of detection to be related to risk of distant @entity3 . Future studies of @entity5 biology of @entity52454 in relation to prognostic factors found in the present study can hopefully provide biological explanations to these findings.

title: Prediction of outcome after diagnosis of metachronous XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral breast cancer', 'breast cancer', 'CBC', 'primary breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['contralateral breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Despite serious safety concerns, prescription rates of antipsychotics for the treatment of the behavioral and psychological symptoms of @entity303 remain high, especially in nursing homes. This high prevalence of antipsychotic use cannot be explained by the modest success rate reported in the literature. In this study, we aim at clarifying the reasons for prescribing an antipsychotic drug in behavioral and psychological symptoms of @entity303 and look at the role of nurses and family caregivers in the decision-making process that precedes the prescription of an antipsychotic drug. DESIGN: Questionnaire used in a one-on-one interview with elderly care physicians, nurses, and family caregivers. SETTING: We conducted a survey in 23 nursing homes in the Netherlands. METHOD: On each @entity303 ward, the physician selected 1 or 2 @entity1 who started antipsychotics most recently. An interviewer then held a structured questionnaire with the physician, the nurse, and the first relative of the @entity1 . The first part of the interview consisted of questions about the general ideas of the physicians and the second part consisted of case-related questions to physicians, nurses, and family caregivers. RESULTS: Physicians, nurses, and family caregivers generally consider the possible benefits of antipsychotics to outweigh the risk of side effects. The main reasons to start therapy are agitation and @entity146 . Physicians felt pressured by nurses to prescribe in 17% of cases. Physicians felt supported by the guideline of the Dutch Association of Elderly Care Physicians. The estimated average success rate in the discussed cases (the @entity1 is expected to improve on the @entity146 ) among physicians was 50%, nurses reported 53%, and relatives 55%. The most frequently expected adverse reactions were increased fall risk, sedation, and @entity304 . Nurses expected @entity73 . The family felt insufficiently informed about the side effects in 44% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The interviewed nursing home physicians and nurses expect almost half of their @entity1 with @entity303 and @entity146 to benefit from antipsychotic therapy. Serious side effects were expected to occur only sporadically. These expectations may contribute to the high rate of antipsychotic use among these @entity1 .

title: Reasons to prescribe antipsychotics for the behavioral symptoms of XXXX : a survey in Dutch nursing homes among physicians, nurses, and family caregivers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['target behavior', 'aggression', 'behavioral disturbances']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate somatosensory and auditory primary cortices using somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and middle latency auditory evoked potentials (MLAEPs) in the prognosis of @entity12870 in @entity772 @entity1 . METHODS: SEPs and MLAEPs were recorded in 131 severe @entity772 @entity1 . Latencies and amplitudes were measured. @entity772 had been caused by transient @entity1167 (n=49), @entity131 (n=22), @entity64 (n=45), complications of neurosurgery (n=12) and @entity198 (n=3). One month after the onset of @entity772 @entity1 were classified as awake, still @entity772 or dead. Three months after (M3), they were classified into one of the 5 categories of the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS). RESULTS: At M3, 41.2% were dead, 47.3% were conscious (GOS 3-5) and 11.5% had not recovered consciousness. None of the @entity1 in whom somatosensory N20 and auditory Pa were absent did @entity12870 and in the post-anoxic group, reduced cortical amplitude too was always associated with bad outcome. Conversely, N20 and Pa were present, respectively, in 33/69 and 34/69 @entity1 who did not recover. CONCLUSIONS: The prognostic value of SEPs and MLAEPs in @entity772 @entity1 depends on the cause of @entity772 . Measurement of response amplitudes is informative. Abolition of cortical SEPs and/or cortical MLAEPs precludes post-anoxic @entity772 @entity1 from returning to consciousness (100% specificity). In any case, the presence of short latency cortical somatosensory or auditory components is not a guarantee for @entity12870 . Late components should then be recorded.

title: The prognostic value of evoked responses from primary somatosensory and auditory cortex in comatose XXXX .

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['Coma', 'coma', 'comatose']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity12870 :: ('MESH:D055191', 'Disease') :: ['return to consciousness']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3605 ( @entity3605 ) is a rapidly progressive @entity1579 with typical clinical findings of @entity303 , @entity66 , and @entity2045 and characteristic electroencephalographic (EEG) findings of bilateral synchronous periodic sharp waves. Advances in neuroimaging capabilities with diffusion-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have shown promise in the non-invasive diagnosis of @entity3605 . This series illustrates the correlation between the lateralized and focal clinical, EEG, and MRI FLAIR sequence abnormalities in 8 @entity1 (7 @entity1 and one @entity1 55-73 years old) with @entity3605 . METHODS: A case series of 8 @entity1 , evaluated at Mayo Clinic, who had a history of rapidly progressive lateralized or focal @entity51 and laboratory findings consistent with @entity3605 between 1996 and 1999 were identified. EEG, MRI of the head with FLAIR sequence, and cerebrospinal fluid studies were performed in all @entity1 . RESULTS: Mean time to death from symptom onset was 4 months. Symptoms were lateralized to the left hemisphere in 5 @entity1 and to the right hemisphere in two. One @entity1 showed bilateral occipital lobe involvement. In all @entity1 , the EEG showed lateralized or focal periodic sharp waves that colocalized with clinical @entity75 . FLAIR MRI images revealed increased signal in the cortical ribbon and deep gray matter corresponding to the lateralized clinical and EEG findings in 7 @entity1 . The other @entity1 had bilateral occipital increased signal on FLAIR MRI. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3605 may present with lateralized or focal cortical syndromes with colocalizing EEG and MRI findings. With the appropriate clinical history and laboratory evaluation, the corresponding areas of increased signal on FLAIR MRI provide supportive evidence of the disease. SIGNIFICANCE: @entity3605 can sometimes present with more focal or lateralized clinical findings, and the colocalizing EEG and MRI findings can help make or confirm the diagnosis of @entity3605 .

title: Lateralized and focal clinical, EEG, and FLAIR MRI abnormalities in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['motor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['fatal prion disorder']

entities_list: @entity3605 :: ('MESH:D007562', 'Disease') :: ['Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease', 'CJD']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic dysfunction']

answer: @entity3605 :: (MESH:D007562,Disease) :: ['Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease']


abstract: @entity24101 ( @entity24101 ) is a protein family that is found only in the Eukaryotes. They are used for the interfacing of cell to the outside world and are involved in many physiological processes. Their role in drug development is evident. Hence, the prediction of GPCRs is very much demanding. Because of the unavailability of 3D structures of most of the GPCRs; the statistical and machine learning based prediction of GPCRs is much demanding. The GPCRs are classified into family, sub family and sub-sub family levels in the proposed approach. We have extracted features using the hybrid combination of Pseudo @entity535 , Fast Fourier Transform and Split @entity535 techniques. The overall feature vector is then reduced using Principle component analysis. Mostly, GPCRs are composed of two or more sub units. The arrangement and number of sub units forming a @entity24101 are referred to as quaternary structure. The functions of GPCRs are closely related to their quaternary structure. The classification in the present research is performed using @entity11144 ( @entity11144 ) measure, which can efficiently analyze the numerical relation between various components of GPCRs. The @entity11144 measure based classification has shown remarkable improvement in predicting GPCRs.

title: Prediction of GPCRs with pseudo XXXX composition: employing composite features and @entity11144 based classification.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity11144 :: ('MESH:D055652', 'Disease') :: ['GID', 'grey incidence degree']

entities_list: @entity24101 :: ('10663', 'Gene') :: ['G-protein coupled receptor', 'GPCR']

answer: @entity535 :: (CHEBI:33704,Chemical) :: ['amino acid']


abstract: @entity24101 ( @entity24101 ) is a protein family that is found only in the Eukaryotes. They are used for the interfacing of cell to the outside world and are involved in many physiological processes. Their role in drug development is evident. Hence, the prediction of GPCRs is very much demanding. Because of the unavailability of 3D structures of most of the GPCRs; the statistical and machine learning based prediction of GPCRs is much demanding. The GPCRs are classified into family, sub family and sub-sub family levels in the proposed approach. We have extracted features using the hybrid combination of Pseudo @entity535 , Fast Fourier Transform and Split @entity535 techniques. The overall feature vector is then reduced using Principle component analysis. Mostly, GPCRs are composed of two or more sub units. The arrangement and number of sub units forming a @entity24101 are referred to as quaternary structure. The functions of GPCRs are closely related to their quaternary structure. The classification in the present research is performed using @entity11144 ( @entity11144 ) measure, which can efficiently analyze the numerical relation between various components of GPCRs. The @entity11144 measure based classification has shown remarkable improvement in predicting GPCRs.

title: Prediction of GPCRs with pseudo @entity535 composition: employing composite features and XXXX based classification.

answer: @entity11144 :: (MESH:D055652,Disease) :: ['grey incidence degree']


abstract: PROBLEM    In this baseline study, our aim is to show the relationship of parameters and gonad hormones in menopausal and postmenopausal @entity1 . METHOD    Blood samples were taken from menopausal and postmenopausal @entity1 (12-14 months and >= 10 years, respectfully, since their last menstruation). Adolescents aged 13.7    0.7 were used as controls. @entity9646 were measured by ELISA and percentages of @entity1195 , @entity404 , @entity405 , CD3, @entity1075 , @entity1199 , @entity2902 and HLA-DR were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Both groups showed an increase in the percentage of CD3, @entity404 and @entity405 . Levels of @entity1075 were significantly lower in the postmenopausal group. However, changes in immunologic parameters during menopause were less marked than the hormonal changes observed in these groups. Most of the correlations LH       CD3 (-ve), LH       @entity2902 (-ve) and E2       @entity1075 (+ve) suggesting how menopausal @entity1 with particularly high LH or low E2 levels may be affected. Only CD3 and HLA-DR correlated with the hormonal changes in the postmenopausal group. @entity1199 levels were high in the menopausal group and low in the postmenopausal group; however, no correlation was observed. DISCUSSION    Menopause is characterized by increased levels of @entity1199 , which has critical immune-modulatory effects. These changes may be related to the overall hormonal change process observed during menopause.

title: Relationship between lymphocytes, XXXX and the hormones E2, LH, PRG and FSH in menopausal and postmenopausal @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity9646 :: ('MESH:D006728', 'Chemical') :: ['Hormones']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['IL2']


abstract: PROBLEM    In this baseline study, our aim is to show the relationship of parameters and gonad hormones in menopausal and postmenopausal @entity1 . METHOD    Blood samples were taken from menopausal and postmenopausal @entity1 (12-14 months and >= 10 years, respectfully, since their last menstruation). Adolescents aged 13.7    0.7 were used as controls. @entity9646 were measured by ELISA and percentages of @entity1195 , @entity404 , @entity405 , CD3, @entity1075 , @entity1199 , @entity2902 and HLA-DR were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Both groups showed an increase in the percentage of CD3, @entity404 and @entity405 . Levels of @entity1075 were significantly lower in the postmenopausal group. However, changes in immunologic parameters during menopause were less marked than the hormonal changes observed in these groups. Most of the correlations LH       CD3 (-ve), LH       @entity2902 (-ve) and E2       @entity1075 (+ve) suggesting how menopausal @entity1 with particularly high LH or low E2 levels may be affected. Only CD3 and HLA-DR correlated with the hormonal changes in the postmenopausal group. @entity1199 levels were high in the menopausal group and low in the postmenopausal group; however, no correlation was observed. DISCUSSION    Menopause is characterized by increased levels of @entity1199 , which has critical immune-modulatory effects. These changes may be related to the overall hormonal change process observed during menopause.

title: Relationship between lymphocytes, @entity1199 and the hormones E2, LH, PRG and FSH in menopausal and postmenopausal XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: As the @entity1547 shortly after death, a variety of gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) constantly emanate. Ethical and practical reasons limit the use of @entity1 corpses in controlled, time-dependent, intervening experiments for monitoring the chemistry of body decay. Therefore the utilization of @entity1707 carcasses serves as a potential surrogate to @entity1 models. The aim of this work was to study buried body decay in conditions of entrapment in collapsed buildings. Six @entity12526 were used to study carcass decay. They were enclosed in plastic body bags after being partially buried with rubbles, resembling entrapment in collapsed buildings. Three experimental cycles were performed, employing two @entity1707 carcasses in each cycle; VOCs and inorganic gases were measured daily, along with daily visible and thermal images. VOCs were collected in standard sorbent tubes and subsequently analyzed using a Thermal Desorption/Gas Chromatograph/high sensitivity bench-top Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (TD/GC/TOF-MS). A comprehensive, stage by stage, detailed information on the decay process is being presented based on the experimental macroscopic observations, justifying thus the use of @entity1707 carcasses as surrogate material. A variety of VOCs were identified including almost all chemical classes: @entity599 , @entity1568 , @entity26 compounds ( @entity3125 , @entity4313 , @entity16623 , acids and @entity14743 ), @entity9436 , @entity1388 and @entity10303 . Carcasses obtained from a @entity1707 farm resulted in more @entity599 and @entity1568 cadaveric volatiles. @entity544 was by far the most abundant inorganic gas identified along with @entity1223 , @entity3957 and @entity9733 . Visual monitoring was based on video captured images allowing for macroscopic observations, while thermal camera monitoring which is mostly temperature dependent, resulted in highlighting the local micro-changes on the carcasses, as a result of the intense microbial activity. The combination of chemical and optical methods proved very useful and informative, uncovering hidden aspects of the early stages of decay and also guiding in the development of combined chemical and imaging methods for the detection of dead bodies.

title: Combined chemical and optical methods for monitoring the early decay stages of surrogate XXXX models.

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity12526 :: ('9825', 'Species') :: ['domestic pigs']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity4313 :: ('MESH:D000438', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohols']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity9733 :: ('MESH:D013458', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfur dioxide']

entities_list: @entity9436 :: ('MESH:D006838', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocarbons']

entities_list: @entity10303 :: ('MESH:D002712', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorides']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['body decays']

entities_list: @entity3125 :: ('MESH:D000447', 'Chemical') :: ['aldehydes']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity3957 :: ('MESH:D006862', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen sulfide']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorides']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Despite the role of @entity1760 in maintaining health, much of the U.S. population has historically not consumed adequate amounts of @entity1760 . Furthermore, significant racial or ethnic disparities in @entity1760 intake exist. Our objective was to provide more recent data about @entity1760 intake in the U.S. population. We analyzed the 24-h dietary recall data from 4257 @entity1 aged >or=20 y from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000. The median intake of @entity1760 was 326 mg/d (mean 352 mg/d) among Caucasian @entity1 , 237 mg/d (mean 278 mg/d) among African American @entity1 , 297 mg/d (330 mg/d) among Mexican American @entity1 , 237 mg/d (mean 256 mg/d) among Caucasian @entity1 , 177 mg/d (mean 202 mg/d) among African American @entity1 , and 221 mg/d (mean 242 mg/d) among Mexican American @entity1 . Among @entity1 and @entity1 , Caucasians had significantly higher mean intakes of dietary @entity1760 than African Americans but not Mexican Americans. @entity1760 intake decreased with increasing age (P for linear trend = 0.035 for Caucasians; P for linear trend <0.001 for African Americans and Mexican Americans). @entity1 had higher intakes of @entity1760 than @entity1 for each of the three race or ethnic groups (P < 0.001 in each group). Caucasian @entity1 , African American @entity1 and Caucasian @entity1 who used vitamin, mineral or dietary supplements consumed significantly more @entity1760 in their diets than did those who did not. Substantial numbers of U.S. adults fail to consume adequate @entity1760 in their diets. Furthermore, racial or ethnic differences in @entity1760 persist and may contribute to some health disparities.

title: Dietary XXXX intake in a national sample of US adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium', 'Magnesium']

answer: @entity1760 :: (MESH:D008274,Chemical) :: ['magnesium']


abstract: Nicotinic @entity934 receptors containing the alpha7 gene product are widely expressed in the nervous system and have high @entity460 permeabilities that allow them to influence numerous @entity460 -dependent processes. Though often found at presynaptic locations, where they enhance transmitter release, the receptors can also occupy postsynaptic sites. Highest levels have been reported for @entity1573 ciliary ganglion neurons, where the postsynaptic receptors are concentrated on somatic spines arranged in clumps and appear as large receptor clusters. We show here that subpopulations of @entity1573 spinal cord neurons also express high levels of alpha7-containing receptors and arrange them in large clusters. The populations include peripheral motoneurons, presumptive preganglionic neurons, neurons adjacent to the lateral motor column, and possible interneurons in the ventral horn. In many cases, the receptor clusters codistribute with filamentous actin, as do clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, where the actin represents a somatic spine constituent. In other respects, the spinal cord clusters differ. Those on motoneurons codistribute with the actin-associated component drebrin, as do the clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, but the clusters on preganglionic neurons do not. Preganglionic neurons do, however, stain for lipid raft components as found for ciliary ganglion neurons, where the rafts embed the receptor-enriched spines. The results demonstrate that CNS neurons can configure alpha7-containing nicotinic receptors into large clusters but also suggest that the clusters are not likely to reflect a common molecular substructure on all neurons.

title: Large clusters of alpha7-containing nicotinic XXXX receptors on @entity1573 spinal cord neurons.

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity934 :: (MESH:D000109,Chemical) :: ['acetylcholine']


abstract: Nicotinic @entity934 receptors containing the alpha7 gene product are widely expressed in the nervous system and have high @entity460 permeabilities that allow them to influence numerous @entity460 -dependent processes. Though often found at presynaptic locations, where they enhance transmitter release, the receptors can also occupy postsynaptic sites. Highest levels have been reported for @entity1573 ciliary ganglion neurons, where the postsynaptic receptors are concentrated on somatic spines arranged in clumps and appear as large receptor clusters. We show here that subpopulations of @entity1573 spinal cord neurons also express high levels of alpha7-containing receptors and arrange them in large clusters. The populations include peripheral motoneurons, presumptive preganglionic neurons, neurons adjacent to the lateral motor column, and possible interneurons in the ventral horn. In many cases, the receptor clusters codistribute with filamentous actin, as do clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, where the actin represents a somatic spine constituent. In other respects, the spinal cord clusters differ. Those on motoneurons codistribute with the actin-associated component drebrin, as do the clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, but the clusters on preganglionic neurons do not. Preganglionic neurons do, however, stain for lipid raft components as found for ciliary ganglion neurons, where the rafts embed the receptor-enriched spines. The results demonstrate that CNS neurons can configure alpha7-containing nicotinic receptors into large clusters but also suggest that the clusters are not likely to reflect a common molecular substructure on all neurons.

title: Large clusters of alpha7-containing nicotinic @entity934 receptors on XXXX spinal cord neurons.

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chick']


abstract: In the present study, the influence on healing of @entity2249 of reduction of the @entity174 and the age of the @entity1 were investigated in 446 consecutive cases treated by internal fixation. If the @entity174 was reduced in valgus position anteroposteriorly, 90% of the cases healed, and if anatomical reduction was achieved the figure was 77%. However, if the @entity174 remained in varus position bone union was obtained in only 63%. After a good lateral reduction internal fixation resulted in failures in 22% of cases, if a satisfactory in 26%, but poor lateral reduction was followed by failure in 49% of cases. There was correlation to reduction position in all Garden's Stages. With regard to the healing of the @entity174 , reduction in lateral as well as anteroposterior views were of equal importance. The @entity1 's age did not influence the failure rate in 22% of cases. With increasing age progressive decrease of healing was encountered. The number of @entity1 attending for follow-up until bony union decreased also due to a high mortality rate in these @entity1 . Internal fixation was found to be the treatment of @entity2249 , provided that a satisfactory reduction could be obtained.

title: Healing of XXXX ; influence of @entity174 reduction and age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2249 :: ('MESH:D005265', 'Disease') :: ['femoral neck fractures', 'choice in femoral neck fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity2249 :: (MESH:D005265,Disease) :: ['femoral neck fractures']


abstract: In the present study, the influence on healing of @entity2249 of reduction of the @entity174 and the age of the @entity1 were investigated in 446 consecutive cases treated by internal fixation. If the @entity174 was reduced in valgus position anteroposteriorly, 90% of the cases healed, and if anatomical reduction was achieved the figure was 77%. However, if the @entity174 remained in varus position bone union was obtained in only 63%. After a good lateral reduction internal fixation resulted in failures in 22% of cases, if a satisfactory in 26%, but poor lateral reduction was followed by failure in 49% of cases. There was correlation to reduction position in all Garden's Stages. With regard to the healing of the @entity174 , reduction in lateral as well as anteroposterior views were of equal importance. The @entity1 's age did not influence the failure rate in 22% of cases. With increasing age progressive decrease of healing was encountered. The number of @entity1 attending for follow-up until bony union decreased also due to a high mortality rate in these @entity1 . Internal fixation was found to be the treatment of @entity2249 , provided that a satisfactory reduction could be obtained.

title: Healing of @entity2249 ; influence of XXXX reduction and age.

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: We report on an otherwise healthy @entity1 who presented with clusters of alternating central facial nerve paresis. At 11 months of age, the @entity1 showed intermittent facial asymmetry compatible with right-sided @entity4681 facial paresis and accompanying incomplete @entity4681 hypoglossal paresis. Laboratory work-up and imaging studies did not reveal signs of @entity281 , @entity4798 , and after one week, symptoms spontaneously resolved. Similar episodes affecting alternate sides were noted at ages of 17, 27 and 49 months lasting for 4-14 days. At 49 months, EEG showed right temporo-occipital benign sharp waves with activation during @entity25 . A diagnosis of @entity1625 with negative motor phenomena was made. She is now 60 months old and no further episodes have occurred without antiepileptic treatment. Ictal orofacial phenomena are the clinical hallmark of @entity1625 with centro-temporal sharp waves (BECTS). As in our @entity1 , negative @entity302 motor phenomena frequently lead to a broad diagnostic work-up. In @entity1 presenting with @entity2103 , the possibility of negative @entity302 motor phenomena should be considered.

title: Recurrent @entity4681 facial weakness of possible XXXX etiology: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity4798 :: ('MESH:D020520', 'Disease') :: ['infarction or structural lesions']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['benign focal epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['episodic central facial nerve paresis']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['upper motor neuron']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['drowsiness and sleep']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epileptic']


abstract: We report on an otherwise healthy @entity1 who presented with clusters of alternating central facial nerve paresis. At 11 months of age, the @entity1 showed intermittent facial asymmetry compatible with right-sided @entity4681 facial paresis and accompanying incomplete @entity4681 hypoglossal paresis. Laboratory work-up and imaging studies did not reveal signs of @entity281 , @entity4798 , and after one week, symptoms spontaneously resolved. Similar episodes affecting alternate sides were noted at ages of 17, 27 and 49 months lasting for 4-14 days. At 49 months, EEG showed right temporo-occipital benign sharp waves with activation during @entity25 . A diagnosis of @entity1625 with negative motor phenomena was made. She is now 60 months old and no further episodes have occurred without antiepileptic treatment. Ictal orofacial phenomena are the clinical hallmark of @entity1625 with centro-temporal sharp waves (BECTS). As in our @entity1 , negative @entity302 motor phenomena frequently lead to a broad diagnostic work-up. In @entity1 presenting with @entity2103 , the possibility of negative @entity302 motor phenomena should be considered.

title: Recurrent XXXX facial weakness of possible @entity302 etiology: a case report.

answer: @entity4681 :: (MESH:D016472,Disease) :: ['upper motor neuron']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current recommendations prescribe that every adult should accumulate 30   minutes or more of moderate physical activity in leisure time, preferably every day of the week. The optimal intensity, duration, and frequency still have to be established. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of intensity versus duration of cycling on all-cause and @entity301 mortality. DESIGN: Relative intensity and duration of cycling were recorded in 5106 apparently healthy @entity1 and @entity1 aged 21-90 years drawn from the general population of Copenhagen, and followed for an average of 18 years. Total number of deaths during follow-up was 1172, of these 146 were @entity301 deaths. For both sexes we found a significant inverse association between cycling intensity and risk of all-cause and @entity301 death, but only a weak association with cycling duration. The difference in expected lifetime in relation to intensity of cycling was calculated. @entity1 with fast intensity cycling survived 5.3 years longer, and @entity1 with average intensity 2.9 years longer than @entity1 with slow cycling intensity. For @entity1 the figures were 3.9 and 2.2 years longer, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the relative intensity, and not the duration of cycling, is of more importance in relation to all-cause and @entity301 mortality. Thus our general recommendations to all adults would be that brisk cycling is preferable to slow.

title: Intensity versus duration of cycling, impact on all-cause and XXXX mortality: the Copenhagen City Heart Study.

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: 1. @entity75 concentrations of @entity750 and @entity1063 have been implicated in the control of food intake. During pregnancy and lactation a @entity35 dam's food consumption is increased and so a study was performed to ascertain whether this was associated with changes in the @entity1640 content of @entity750 and @entity1063 . 2. In the first experiment, forty-eight @entity35 dams were given a diet containing 250 g casein/kg adlib. After 2 weeks, eight were killed and their hypothalmic analysed for the previously-mentioned neurotransmitters. The rest were mated and continued on the diet. On each of days 7, 14 and 20 of gestation, day 14 of lactation and 2 weeks after weaning of their pups a further eight dams were killed and their hypothalami assayed as described previously. Food intake was monitored throughout the experimental period. 3. The increase food intake of the dams during gestation and lactation increased to the same extent as elevation in @entity1640 @entity1063 content and @entity308 in @entity750 content. After lactation food intake returned to pre-pregnancy levels as did the @entity1640 levels of @entity1063 and @entity750 . 4. By using the same experimental design but limiting the increase in food intake in pregnancy and lactation to half the expected amount the same changes were found in @entity1640 @entity1063 and @entity750 contents. 5. The possibility of @entity1640 neurotransmitter contents controlling food intake is discussed.

title: A possible control of food intake during pregnancy in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1640 :: ('MESH:D007027', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Brain hypothalamic']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague Dawley rat']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary surveys indicate that New Zealanders have a low intake of @entity15018 ( @entity13799 ) with little derived from industrial sources. This observational cross-sectional study in New Zealand @entity1 with surgical @entity453 assesses the plasma levels of @entity13799 and the association of @entity13799 levels with clinical markers of @entity455 . METHODS: 390 @entity1 with severe coronary artery had fasting blood tests taken. Plasma levels of four @entity13799 derived from hydrogenated vegetable oils and ruminant animal products were measured by gas chromatography. Relations between plasma @entity13799 levels and the recent occurrence of @entity583 , the presence of @entity66 , and serum levels of @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) were assessed. RESULTS: The median @entity13799 level was 0.85% by weight of total @entity1718 (IQR 0.59-1.79%), with skewed distribution to the right. For the lowest (<0.74%), middle (0.74-1.07%), and highest (>1.07%) thirds of total @entity13799 , respectively, the proportion of @entity1 with @entity66 was 10%, 16%, and 27% (p   =   0.0004). Plasma @entity1851 also increased by tertile of @entity13799 (median 2.0, 2.9, 3.2   mg/l, p   =   0.007). The association with @entity66 and @entity1851 remained significant after adjustment for risk factors. Significant associations were present between plasma @entity13799 from both ruminant and hydrogenated vegetable oil sources and these markers of cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between relatively low plasma levels of total @entity13799 , mostly derived from ruminant sources, and an increased risk of @entity66 and increased @entity1851 in @entity1 with severe @entity453 . These high-risk @entity1 may benefit from a targeted approach to minimize all sources of @entity13799 in the diet.

title: @entity15018 in New Zealand @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['polyvascular disease', 'polyvascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity15018 :: ('MESH:D044242', 'Chemical') :: ['trans-fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary surveys indicate that New Zealanders have a low intake of @entity15018 ( @entity13799 ) with little derived from industrial sources. This observational cross-sectional study in New Zealand @entity1 with surgical @entity453 assesses the plasma levels of @entity13799 and the association of @entity13799 levels with clinical markers of @entity455 . METHODS: 390 @entity1 with severe coronary artery had fasting blood tests taken. Plasma levels of four @entity13799 derived from hydrogenated vegetable oils and ruminant animal products were measured by gas chromatography. Relations between plasma @entity13799 levels and the recent occurrence of @entity583 , the presence of @entity66 , and serum levels of @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) were assessed. RESULTS: The median @entity13799 level was 0.85% by weight of total @entity1718 (IQR 0.59-1.79%), with skewed distribution to the right. For the lowest (<0.74%), middle (0.74-1.07%), and highest (>1.07%) thirds of total @entity13799 , respectively, the proportion of @entity1 with @entity66 was 10%, 16%, and 27% (p   =   0.0004). Plasma @entity1851 also increased by tertile of @entity13799 (median 2.0, 2.9, 3.2   mg/l, p   =   0.007). The association with @entity66 and @entity1851 remained significant after adjustment for risk factors. Significant associations were present between plasma @entity13799 from both ruminant and hydrogenated vegetable oil sources and these markers of cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between relatively low plasma levels of total @entity13799 , mostly derived from ruminant sources, and an increased risk of @entity66 and increased @entity1851 in @entity1 with severe @entity453 . These high-risk @entity1 may benefit from a targeted approach to minimize all sources of @entity13799 in the diet.

title: XXXX in New Zealand @entity1 with @entity453 .

answer: @entity15018 :: (MESH:D044242,Chemical) :: ['Trans-fatty acids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary surveys indicate that New Zealanders have a low intake of @entity15018 ( @entity13799 ) with little derived from industrial sources. This observational cross-sectional study in New Zealand @entity1 with surgical @entity453 assesses the plasma levels of @entity13799 and the association of @entity13799 levels with clinical markers of @entity455 . METHODS: 390 @entity1 with severe coronary artery had fasting blood tests taken. Plasma levels of four @entity13799 derived from hydrogenated vegetable oils and ruminant animal products were measured by gas chromatography. Relations between plasma @entity13799 levels and the recent occurrence of @entity583 , the presence of @entity66 , and serum levels of @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) were assessed. RESULTS: The median @entity13799 level was 0.85% by weight of total @entity1718 (IQR 0.59-1.79%), with skewed distribution to the right. For the lowest (<0.74%), middle (0.74-1.07%), and highest (>1.07%) thirds of total @entity13799 , respectively, the proportion of @entity1 with @entity66 was 10%, 16%, and 27% (p   =   0.0004). Plasma @entity1851 also increased by tertile of @entity13799 (median 2.0, 2.9, 3.2   mg/l, p   =   0.007). The association with @entity66 and @entity1851 remained significant after adjustment for risk factors. Significant associations were present between plasma @entity13799 from both ruminant and hydrogenated vegetable oil sources and these markers of cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between relatively low plasma levels of total @entity13799 , mostly derived from ruminant sources, and an increased risk of @entity66 and increased @entity1851 in @entity1 with severe @entity453 . These high-risk @entity1 may benefit from a targeted approach to minimize all sources of @entity13799 in the diet.

title: @entity15018 in New Zealand XXXX with @entity453 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The Lown grading system for @entity943 has been used in observational and experimental studies of @entity299 . This grading system uses three levels of @entity1540 frequency and four complex features to assign @entity1 to one of seven grades. We tested several of the major assumptions of the Lown grading system in a group of 400 @entity1 who had recently experienced acute @entity583 . The Lown grading system assumes that the frequency of @entity1540 exerts a negligible risk force in @entity1 who have complex @entity1540 . We found, however, that the frequency of @entity1540 contributed significant additional risk for @entity204 even in the three highest Lown grades, 4A, 4B, and 5. The Lown grading system assumes that, of the four complex features used, R on T @entity1540 have the greatest risk for subsequent @entity204 . We found that paired @entity1540 and @entity1165 had more prognostic significance than R on T @entity1540 . It is important for prognostic stratification that subgroups which are merged into a given Lown grade should be relatively homogeneous with respect to outcome. We found a lack of homogeneity in the three highest Lown grades. Grade 5 contained 16 subgroups with a mortality risk which ranged from 0 to 75 per cent; statistically significant differences in subsequent mortality were found among these subgroups. Most of the shortcomings of the Lown grading system in our acute @entity583 population resulted from failure to give sufficient weight to @entity1540 and to repetitive @entity1540 .

title: Analysis of prognostic significance of XXXX after @entity583 . Shortcomings of Lown grading system.

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular extrasystoles', 'ventricular premature depolarisation', 'ventricular extrasystoles frequency']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: The Lown grading system for @entity943 has been used in observational and experimental studies of @entity299 . This grading system uses three levels of @entity1540 frequency and four complex features to assign @entity1 to one of seven grades. We tested several of the major assumptions of the Lown grading system in a group of 400 @entity1 who had recently experienced acute @entity583 . The Lown grading system assumes that the frequency of @entity1540 exerts a negligible risk force in @entity1 who have complex @entity1540 . We found, however, that the frequency of @entity1540 contributed significant additional risk for @entity204 even in the three highest Lown grades, 4A, 4B, and 5. The Lown grading system assumes that, of the four complex features used, R on T @entity1540 have the greatest risk for subsequent @entity204 . We found that paired @entity1540 and @entity1165 had more prognostic significance than R on T @entity1540 . It is important for prognostic stratification that subgroups which are merged into a given Lown grade should be relatively homogeneous with respect to outcome. We found a lack of homogeneity in the three highest Lown grades. Grade 5 contained 16 subgroups with a mortality risk which ranged from 0 to 75 per cent; statistically significant differences in subsequent mortality were found among these subgroups. Most of the shortcomings of the Lown grading system in our acute @entity583 population resulted from failure to give sufficient weight to @entity1540 and to repetitive @entity1540 .

title: Analysis of prognostic significance of @entity943 after XXXX . Shortcomings of Lown grading system.

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: CONTEXT: Therapeutic proteins/peptides can produce immunogenic responses that may increase the risk of adverse events or reduce efficacy. OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to measure and characterize antibody formation to liraglutide, a @entity8142 agonist, to investigate the impact on glycemic control and safety, and to compare it with exenatide, an agent in the same class. DESIGN: Antibody data were collected during six Liraglutide Effect and Action in @entity6 (LEAD) trials (26-104 wk duration). SETTING: Samples for determination of antibody formation were collected at LEAD trial sites and analyzed at central laboratories. PARTICIPANTS: Antibodies were measured in LEAD trial @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . INTERVENTIONS: Interventions included once-daily liraglutide (1.2 or 1.8 mg) or twice-daily exenatide (10  g). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures included the proportion of @entity1 positive for anti-liraglutide or anti-exenatide antibodies, a @entity5445 cross-reacting effect, and an in vitro liraglutide- or exenatide-neutralizing effect. Change in glycosylated hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) by antibody status and magnitude [negative, positive (high or low level)]. RESULTS: After 26 wk, 32 of 369 (8.7%) and 49 of 587 (8.3%) @entity1 had low-level antibodies to liraglutide 1.2 and 1.8 mg, respectively [mean 3.3% antibody-bound radioactivity out of total radioactivity (%B/T), range 1.6-10.7%B/T], which did not attenuate glycemic efficacy (HbA(1c) reductions 1.1-1.3% in antibody-positive vs. 1.2% in antibody-negative @entity1 ). In LEAD-6, 113 of 185 extension @entity1 (61%) had anti-exenatide antibodies at wk 26 (range 2.4-60.2%B/T). High levels of anti-exenatide antibodies were correlated with significantly smaller HbA(1c) reductions (P = 0.0022). After switching from exenatide to liraglutide, anti-exenatide antibodies did not compromise a further glycemic response to liraglutide (additional 0.4% HbA(1c) reduction). CONCLUSIONS: Liraglutide was less immunogenic than exenatide; the frequency and levels of anti-liraglutide antibodies were low and did not impact glycemic efficacy or safety.

title: Liraglutide treatment is associated with a low frequency and magnitude of antibody formation with no apparent impact on glycemic response or increased frequency of adverse events: results from the Liraglutide Effect and Action in XXXX (LEAD) trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity8142 :: ('2740', 'Gene') :: ['glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor']

entities_list: @entity5445 :: ('2641', 'Gene') :: ['glucagon-like peptide-1']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: @entity75 and their treatment may help or hurt creativity in ways that shape quality of life. Increased creative drive is associated with @entity162 , @entity308 , @entity716 , @entity1315 , @entity4943 , @entity191 treatments, and @entity2438 . Creativity depends on goal-driven approach motivation from midbrain dopaminergic systems. Fear-driven avoidance motivation is of less aid to creativity. When @entity750 and @entity1063 lower motivation and flexible behaviour, they can inhibit creativity. Hemispheric lateralization and frontotemporal connections must interact to create new ideas and conceptual schemes. The right brain and temporal lobe contribute skill in novelty detection, while the left @entity75 and more easily generate new patterns of action from the novel perceptions. Genes and phenotypes that increase plasticity and creativity in tolerant environments with relaxed selection pressure may confer risk in rigorous environments. Few papers substantively address this important but fraught topic. Antidepressants (ADs) that inhibit fear-driven motivation, such as selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors, sometimes inhibit goal-oriented motivation as well. ADs that boost goal-directed motivation, such as @entity752 , may remediate this effect. @entity1245 and @entity167 may be counterproductive. Although dopaminergic agonists sometimes stimulate creativity, their doing so may inappropriately disinhibit behaviour. @entity935 antagonists may suppress creative motivation; @entity1091 and anticonvulsant mood stabilizers may do so less. Physical exercise and REM sleep may help creativity. Art therapy and psychotherapy are not well studied. Preserving creative motivation can help creativity and other aspects of well-being in all @entity1 , not just artists or researchers.

title: XXXX and creativity: mechanisms and treatment risks.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain and frontal lobe foster approach motivation', 'Brain diseases']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['Dopamine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease']

entities_list: @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['Benzodiazepines']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['frontotemporal dementia']

entities_list: @entity752 :: ('MESH:D016642', 'Chemical') :: ['bupropion']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['Brain illness']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate whether predilation approach yield intermediate-term results were better than those with stent filter approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 59 BCS @entity1 with old IVC @entity715 were selected for the treatment with a stent filter (n = 33, group A) or predilation (n = 26, group B) before thrombolysis, and subsequently underwent color Doppler ultrasound follow-up at our hospital. Data relating to the technical success, color Doppler ultrasound results, cost, mortality, morbidity, and final clinical results were collected prospectively and follow-ups were performed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedures, and annually thereafter. RESULTS: Sent filter placement, thrombolysis and predilation were technically successful in all @entity1 , with no procedure-related complications. Stent migration upward occurred in two @entity1 , and removal of the stent filter was technically successful in 32 of 33 @entity1 in group A. Inferior vena cavagrams performed before dilation with a 30-mm balloon catheter demonstrated that the IVC @entity715 had completely resolved in all @entity1 without @entity1151 . Reobstruction of the IVC without @entity715 was observed in three @entity1 . Short of higher overall complications and costs in group A when compared to group B, there were no other differences in the clinical and color Doppler ultrasound findings, and primary patency rate between the two groups. All @entity1 are alive with no recurrence of @entity715 at the time of this report. CONCLUSIONS: BCS @entity1 with old IVC @entity715 treatment with predilation approach yielded intermediate-term results that were better than those with the stent filter approach.

title: Comparative study of predilation with stent filter for Budd-Chiari syndrome with old IVC XXXX : a nonrandomized prospective trial.

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']