abstract: Diurnal variation of exercise test responses occurring during symptom-limited treadmill exercise testing was investigated in 45 @entity1 six weeks after @entity583 . Each @entity1 was exercised using a Naughton protocol before 8 a.m. and after 6 p.m. on the same day. No complications arose. There was no significant diurnal variation of any of the analysed exercise induced @entity854 ( @entity951 or ST segment shift) or of the mean maximal exercise durations and achieved workloads. Mean maximal heart rates and heart rate-systolic blood pressure double products were similar in both tests. ST segment @entity308 occurred in 21 @entity1 and was totally consistent in both tests. An abnormal blood pressure response occurred in 14 @entity1 in the morning test and in 18 @entity1 in the evening test but this discordance did not reach statistical significance. Similarly there was no significant diurnal variation in exercise induced @entity943 , although only three of the 11 @entity1 in whom they occurred had this abnormality on both tests. We conclude that in this group of @entity1 , no significant diurnal variation was observed in either exercise induced @entity854 or in exercise haemodynamics during symptom-limited exercise tests performed six weeks after @entity583 . These data increase the confidence in clinical management decisions based on the results of this test.

title: Diurnal variation in symptom-limited exercise test responses six weeks after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: Global @entity63 , @entity5733 surge, and rapid heart rhythm (RHR) due to @entity1165 or @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ) are the three major factors of @entity1164 ( @entity1164 ). Loss of excitability culminating in global electrical failure ( @entity1167 ) is the major adverse outcome of @entity1164 with increasing prevalence worldwide. The roles of @entity2661 and RHR in the electrical failure during @entity1164 remain unclear. We hypothesized that both b-adrenergic stimulation (bAS) and RHR accelerate electrical failure in the globally ischemic heart. We performed optical mapping of the action potential (OAP) in the right ventricular (RV) and left (LV) ventricular epicardium of isolated @entity95 hearts subjected to 30-min global @entity63 . Hearts were paced at a cycle length of either 300 or 200 ms, and either in the presence or in the absence of b-agonist @entity3044 (30 nM). @entity15480 (20 mM) was used to reduce motion artifact. We found that RHR and bAS synergistically accelerated the decline of the OAP upstroke velocity and the progressive expansion of inexcitable regions. Under all conditions, inexcitability developed faster in the LV than in the RV. At the same time, both RHR and bAS shortened the time to @entity2224 (TVF) during @entity63 . Moreover, the time at which 10% of the mapped LV area became inexcitable strongly correlated with TVF (R(2) = 0 .72, P < 0.0001). We conclude that both bAS and RHR are major factors of electrical @entity308 and failure in the globally ischemic heart and may contribute to adverse outcomes of @entity1164 such as @entity1167 and recurrent/persistent @entity2224 .

title: b-Adrenergic stimulation and rapid pacing mutually promote heterogeneous electrical failure and XXXX in the globally ischemic heart.

entities_list: @entity1164 :: ('MESH:D016757', 'Disease') :: ['SCA', 'sudden cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity5733 :: ('D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity15480 :: ('MESH:C004717', 'Chemical') :: ['2,3-Butanedione monoxime']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['VF', 'ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

answer: @entity2224 :: (MESH:D014693,Disease) :: ['ventricular fibrillation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity66 resulting from @entity1566 is rich in chondroitin @entity597 proteoglycan (CSPG), a formidable barrier to axonal regeneration. We explored the possibility of breaching that barrier by first examining the scar in a functional in vitro model. We found that embryonic stem cell-derived neural lineage cells (ESNLCs) with prominent expression of @entity28557 ( @entity28557 ) survived, passed through an increasingly inhibitory gradient of CSPG, and expressed @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) at the appropriate stage of their development. Outgrowth of axons from ESNLCs followed because the migrating cells sculpted pathways in which CSPG was degraded. The degradative mechanism involved @entity1495 but not @entity1476 . To confirm these results in vivo, we transplanted ESNLCs directly into the cavity of a contused spinal cord 9 days after injury. A week later, ESNLCs survived and were expressing both @entity28557 and @entity1495 . Their axons had grown through long distances (>10 mm), although they preferred to traverse white rather than gray matter. These data are consistent with the concept that expression of inhibitory CSPG within the @entity130 is an important impediment to regeneration but that @entity28557 + progenitors derived from ESNLCs can modify the microenvironment to allow axons to grow through the barrier. This beneficial action may be partly due to developmental expression of @entity1495 . We conclude that it might eventually be possible to encourage axonal regeneration in the @entity1 spinal cord by transplanting ESNLCs or other cells that express @entity28557 .

title: XXXX + Progenitors Derived From Embryonic Stem Cells Penetrate Glial Scar and Promote Axonal Outgrowth Into White Matter After @entity1566 .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['glial scar']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-9', 'matrix metalloproteinase 9']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury scar']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity28557 :: (1464,Gene) :: ['NG2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity66 resulting from @entity1566 is rich in chondroitin @entity597 proteoglycan (CSPG), a formidable barrier to axonal regeneration. We explored the possibility of breaching that barrier by first examining the scar in a functional in vitro model. We found that embryonic stem cell-derived neural lineage cells (ESNLCs) with prominent expression of @entity28557 ( @entity28557 ) survived, passed through an increasingly inhibitory gradient of CSPG, and expressed @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) at the appropriate stage of their development. Outgrowth of axons from ESNLCs followed because the migrating cells sculpted pathways in which CSPG was degraded. The degradative mechanism involved @entity1495 but not @entity1476 . To confirm these results in vivo, we transplanted ESNLCs directly into the cavity of a contused spinal cord 9 days after injury. A week later, ESNLCs survived and were expressing both @entity28557 and @entity1495 . Their axons had grown through long distances (>10 mm), although they preferred to traverse white rather than gray matter. These data are consistent with the concept that expression of inhibitory CSPG within the @entity130 is an important impediment to regeneration but that @entity28557 + progenitors derived from ESNLCs can modify the microenvironment to allow axons to grow through the barrier. This beneficial action may be partly due to developmental expression of @entity1495 . We conclude that it might eventually be possible to encourage axonal regeneration in the @entity1 spinal cord by transplanting ESNLCs or other cells that express @entity28557 .

title: @entity28557 + Progenitors Derived From Embryonic Stem Cells Penetrate Glial Scar and Promote Axonal Outgrowth Into White Matter After XXXX .

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['Spinal Cord Injury']


abstract: @entity21464 -Adrenergic receptors ( @entity21464 -ARs) are expressed predominantly in white and brown adipose tissue, and @entity21464 -selective agonists are potential anti- @entity28 drugs. However, the role of @entity21464 -ARs in normal physiology is unknown. To address this issue, homologous recombination was used to generate @entity19 that lack @entity21464 -ARs. This was accomplished by direct injection of a DNA-targeting construct into @entity19 zygotes. Twenty-three @entity19 were generated, of which two had targeted disruption of the @entity21166 gene. @entity19 that were homozygous for the disrupted allele had undetectable levels of intact @entity21166 mRNA, as assessed by RNase protection assay and Northern blotting, and lacked functional @entity21464 -ARs, as demonstrated by complete loss of @entity21464 -agonist (CL 316,243)-induced stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity and lipolysis. @entity21166 -deficient @entity19 had modestly increased fat stores (females more than males), indicating that @entity21464 -ARs play a role in regulating energy balance. Importantly, @entity11952 but not @entity21167 mRNA levels up-regulated in white and brown adipose tissue of @entity21166 -deficient @entity19 (brown more than white), strongly implying that @entity21464 -ARs mediate physiologically relevant signaling under normal conditions and that "cross-talk" exists between @entity21464 -ARs and @entity11951 gene expression. Finally, acute treatment of normal @entity19 with CL 316,243 increased serum levels of free @entity1718 (FFAs) (3.2-fold) and insulin (140-fold), increased energy expenditure (2-fold), and reduced food intake (by 45%). These effects were completely absent in @entity21166 -deficient @entity19 , proving that the actions of CL are mediated exclusively by @entity21464 -ARs. @entity21166 -deficient @entity19 should be useful as a means to a better understanding of the physiology and pharmacology of @entity21464 -ARs.

title: Targeted disruption of the XXXX gene.

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'transgenic mice', 'Mice']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity21166 :: (11556(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['beta 3-adrenergic receptor']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To contribute to the literature with three unusual cases of primary @entity0 with @entity3 to the urinary bladder. METHODS: Presentation of the three clinical cases and bibliographic review. RESULTS: Three @entity1 , with an average age of 49.3 years, were diagnosed with @entity0 . Two of them suffered from @entity811 after being diagnosed with @entity0 . The third @entity1 was diagnosed incidentally after a routine CT scan. Upon diagnosis of the bladder @entity3 , they already had @entity3 in other locations. The treatment of the three cases was palliative. The cause of @entity204 was due to additional pathologies. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of bladder @entity3 due to @entity0 is infrequent. The appearance of urinary tract symptoms in these @entity1 requires a diagnostic study in order to rule out @entity3 .

title: Metastatic urinary bladder involvement in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['invasive lobular breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Gene duplication enables the functional diversification in species. It is thought that duplicated genes may be able to compensate if the function of one of the gene copies is disrupted. This possibility is extensively debated with some studies reporting @entity1538 , whereas others suggest functional compensation among only recent gene duplicates or no compensation at all. We report results from a systematic molecular evolutionary analysis to test the predictions of the functional compensation hypothesis. We contrasted the density of Mendelian disease-associated single @entity4334 variants (dSNVs) in proteins with no discernable paralogs (singletons) with the dSNV density in proteins found in multigene families. Under the functional compensation hypothesis, we expected to find greater numbers of dSNVs in singletons due to the lack of any compensating partners. Our analyses produced an opposite pattern; paralogs have over 35% higher dSNV density than singletons. We found that these patterns are concordant with similar differences in the rates of @entity3689 evolution (ie, functional constraints), as the proteins with paralogs have evolved 33% slower than singletons. Our evolutionary constraint explanation is robust to differences in family sizes, ages (young vs. old duplicates), and degrees of @entity3689 sequence similarities among paralogs. Therefore, disease-associated @entity1 variation does not exhibit significant signals of functional compensation among paralogous proteins, but rather an evolutionary constraint hypothesis provides a better explanation for the observed patterns of disease-associated and neutral polymorphisms in the @entity1 genome.

title: Using Disease-Associated Coding Sequence Variation to Investigate Functional Compensation by XXXX Paralogous Proteins.

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['proteome-wide compensation']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) is the most common @entity1 @entity5 and its incidence is rising worldwide. Ultraviolet radiation exposure, including tanning bed use, as well as host factors play a role in its development. The majority of cases are treated and cured with local therapies including surgery. Yet, the health care costs of diagnosis and treatment of BCCs in the US is substantial. In the United States, the cost of @entity1489 care in the Medicare population is estimated to be US 426 million per year. While rare, locally advanced BCCs that can no longer be controlled with surgery and/or radiation, and metastatic BCCs do occur and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Vismodegib ( @entity2752 ), a smoothened inhibitor targeted at the hedgehog pathway, is the first US Food and Drug Association (FDA)-approved agent in the treatment of locally advanced, unresectable, and metastatic BCCs. This class of agents appears to be changing the survival rates in advanced @entity1491 @entity1 , but appropriate @entity1 selection and monitoring are important. Multidisciplinary assessments are essential for the optimal care and management of these @entity1 . For some @entity1 with locally advanced @entity1491 , treatment with a hedgehog inhibitor may eliminate the need for an excessively disfiguring or morbid surgery.

title: XXXX , the hedgehog pathway, and treatment options - role of smoothened inhibitors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['nonmelanoma skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma', 'BCC']

answer: @entity1491 :: (MESH:D002280,Disease) :: ['Advanced basal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic therapy is recommended for advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). However, conventional first-line treatment has generated a plateau in response rate of 25% to 35%. Few studies have shown @entity1 benefit from microwave ablation (MWA) in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study aims to evaluate safety and efficacy of percutaneous computed tomography-guided MWA as maintenance after first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 . METHODS: @entity1 with histologically verified @entity1149 stage IIIB or IV between January 2010 and March 2014 were involved. After completion of first-line treatment with partial response or stable disease, 35 @entity1 with 39 @entity5 underwent 39 MWA procedures. Complications, progression-free survival (PFS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and correlated predictors were analyzed. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 17.7 months and 10.8 months after initial MWA, local efficacy was 87.2%, median MWA-related local control time was 10.6 months, and @entity5 size was the only predictor (P=0.002). Median MWA-related PFS, MWA-related @entity1349 , PFS, and @entity1349 were 5.4, 10.6, 11.8 and 17.7 months, respectively. Local efficacy was significantly correlated with MWA-related PFS (P=0.003), MWA-related @entity1349 (P=0.000), and @entity1349 (P=0.001). There were no procedure-specific deaths. Total incidence of major complications was 12.8%, including pneumothorax resolved by closed pleural drainage and @entity55 controlled by antibiotics in a short time. CONCLUSION: This study concluded two points, including: 1) @entity1 benefited from MWA as maintenance both in local control and survival; 2) as maintenance MWA was superior to conventional maintenance therapy with improved survival and well-tolerated complications. Therefore, MWA was a safe and effective maintenance after first-line treatment in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 .

title: Percutaneous CT-guided microwave ablation as maintenance after first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic therapy is recommended for advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). However, conventional first-line treatment has generated a plateau in response rate of 25% to 35%. Few studies have shown @entity1 benefit from microwave ablation (MWA) in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study aims to evaluate safety and efficacy of percutaneous computed tomography-guided MWA as maintenance after first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 . METHODS: @entity1 with histologically verified @entity1149 stage IIIB or IV between January 2010 and March 2014 were involved. After completion of first-line treatment with partial response or stable disease, 35 @entity1 with 39 @entity5 underwent 39 MWA procedures. Complications, progression-free survival (PFS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and correlated predictors were analyzed. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 17.7 months and 10.8 months after initial MWA, local efficacy was 87.2%, median MWA-related local control time was 10.6 months, and @entity5 size was the only predictor (P=0.002). Median MWA-related PFS, MWA-related @entity1349 , PFS, and @entity1349 were 5.4, 10.6, 11.8 and 17.7 months, respectively. Local efficacy was significantly correlated with MWA-related PFS (P=0.003), MWA-related @entity1349 (P=0.000), and @entity1349 (P=0.001). There were no procedure-specific deaths. Total incidence of major complications was 12.8%, including pneumothorax resolved by closed pleural drainage and @entity55 controlled by antibiotics in a short time. CONCLUSION: This study concluded two points, including: 1) @entity1 benefited from MWA as maintenance both in local control and survival; 2) as maintenance MWA was superior to conventional maintenance therapy with improved survival and well-tolerated complications. Therefore, MWA was a safe and effective maintenance after first-line treatment in @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 .

title: Percutaneous CT-guided microwave ablation as maintenance after first-line treatment for XXXX with advanced @entity1149 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Surgery remains the only curative treatment for @entity5 . These @entity1 typically present in a malnourished state. Various screening tools have been employed to help with preoperative risk stratification. Examples include the subjective global assessment (SGA), malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST), and nutritional risk index (NRI). Adequate studies have not been performed to determine if perioperative interventions, based on nutrition risk assessment, result in less morbidity and mortality. The routine use of gastric decompression with nasogastric sump tubes may be unnecessary following elective pancreatic resections. Instead, placement should be selective and employed on a case-by-case basis. A wide variety of feeding modalities are available, oral nutrition being the most effective. Artificial nutrition may be provided by temporary nasal tube (nasogastric, nasojejunal, or combined nasogastrojejunal tube) or surgically placed tube [gastrostomy (GT), jejunostomy (JT), @entity5274 ( @entity5274 )], and intravenously (parenteral nutrition, @entity6841 ). The optimal tube for enteral feeding cannot be determined based on current data. Each is associated with a specific set of complications. Dual lumen tubes may be useful in the presence of delayed @entity356 (DGE) as the stomach may be decompressed while feeds are delivered to the jejunum. However, all feeding tubes placed in the small intestine, except direct jejunostomies, commonly dislodge and retroflex into the stomach. Jejunostomies are associated with less frequent, but more serious complications. These include intestinal torsion and bowel @entity39 . @entity6841 is associated with septic, metabolic, and access-related complications and should be the feeding strategy of last-resort. Enteral feeds are clearly preferred over parental nutrition. A sound understanding of perioperative nutrition may improve @entity1 outcomes. @entity1 undergoing @entity788 surgery should undergo multidisciplinary nutrition screening and intervention, and the surgical/oncological team should include nutrition professionals in managing these @entity1 in the perioperative period.

title: XXXX surgery and nutrition management: a review of the current literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pancreaticobiliary tumors']

entities_list: @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['gastrojejunostomy tubes', 'GJT']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric emptying']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic cancer']


abstract: Complete @entity8276 causes @entity9933 in neonates and @entity1 . We have to prevent further @entity6184 in perioperative period. This is a case report of an @entity1 with @entity9933 due to complete @entity8276 who underwent primary cleft lip closure under general anesthesia. An 8 month-old @entity1 was scheduled for bilateral cleft lip closure. His first operation at two months was canceled because of unsuccessful intubation in previous hospital. He came to our hospital to seek a second opinion. His CT scan showed @entity1347 of the @entity825 below glottis. The tracheobronchial endoscopy showed complete tracheal rings 1.5 cm below glottis to the bifurcation. Considering his aspiration episode, we decided to do the cleft lip closure promptly after examinations. We chose an ID 3.0 mm RAE tracheal tube, which is commercially narrowest We intubated 2 cm below glottis, and confirmed that the tip did not touch narrowed @entity825 with endoscope. This tube was fixed in the center of the mandible and packed with gauze. He was discharged on 8 POD without complication. CT scan and its integrated 3 D image of the @entity825 were useful to understand the approximate structure. However endoscopic examination allowed more detailed structure-measurement below glottis.

title: [Anesthesia Management for Primary Cleft Lip Closure in an XXXX with Congenital Total Length Complete Tracheal Rings].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'boy', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['long segment stenosis']

entities_list: @entity6184 :: ('MESH:D014135', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity9933 :: ('MESH:C536975', 'Disease') :: ['congenital tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity8276 :: ('MESH:D014133', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal ring']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infant']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In the last few decades, there has been a restructuring of the @entity146 services in many countries. The complexity of these systems may represent a challenge to @entity1 that suffer from serious @entity146 . We examined whether local integration of inpatient and outpatient services in contrast to centralized institutions strengthened continuity of care. METHODS: Two different service-systems were compared. Service-utilization over a 4-year period for 690 inpatients was extracted from the @entity1 registries. The results were controlled for demographic variables, model of service-system, central inpatient admission or local inpatient admission, diagnoses, and duration of inpatient stays. RESULTS: The majority of inpatients in the area with local integration of inpatient and outpatient services used both types of care. In the area that did not have beds locally, many @entity1 that had been hospitalized did not receive outpatient follow-up. Predictors of inpatients' use of outpatient @entity146 care were: Model of service-system (centralized vs decentralized), a diagnosis of @entity1316 , central inpatient admission only, and duration of inpatient stays. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric centers with local inpatient units may positively affect continuity of care for @entity1 with severe @entity146 , probably because of a high functional integration of inpatient and outpatient care.

title: Local inpatient units may increase XXXX ' utilization of outpatient services: a comparative cohort-study in Nordland County, Norway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aims. Oncocytic (Hurthle) follicular cell @entity5 (OTs) of the thyroid are both @entity2513 (OCs). The routine diagnosis of these @entity5 can be problematic even after an accurate sampling and histological examination. Beside preoperative evaluation due to the @entity5 's dimension several studies have been performed to find markers able to distinguish malignant from @entity5 in the thyroid, with Galectin-3 being one of the most effective. Recently, some authors suggested @entity18923 as adjunct to the diagnosis of the oncocytic lesions of the thyroid. Methods and Results. In this paper we assess the role of Galectin-3 and @entity18923 in a well-selected group of follicular oncocytic @entity5 (14   OCs and 26   @entity29624 ). The diameter of each lesion was also evaluated. The combination of Galectin-3 and @entity18923 has a good specificity (81%) and sensitivity (100%). Moreover, the maximum diameter (in cm) of OCs is greater than @entity29624 (4.1 versus 2.3). Conclusions. We believe that the use of Galectin-3 and @entity18923 in OTs of the thyroid can be a helpful panel in daily practice when histology is doubtful.

title: Galectin-3 and XXXX Immunohistochemistry and Tumor Dimensions Are Useful in Distinguishing Follicular Oncocytic Carcinomas from Oncocytic Adenomas of the Thyroid.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign follicular tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas (OAs) and follicular carcinomas']

answer: @entity18923 :: (896,Gene) :: ['Cyclin D3']


abstract: OBJECT The relative benefit of repeat surgery for recurrent @entity463 is unclear, in part due to the very heterogeneous nature of the @entity1 population and the effect of clinician philosophy on the duration and @entity146 of treatment. The authors sought to investigate the role of time to last recurrence on @entity1 outcomes following aggressive repeat surgery for recurrent @entity463 . METHODS The authors present outcomes in 104 @entity1 undergoing repeat surgery for focally recurrent @entity463 with at least 95% resection and adjuvant treatment at most recent prior surgery. In addition to common variables, they provide data regarding the period of progression-free survival (PFS) following an aggressive lesionectomy for focally recurrent @entity463 (T2) and the time the @entity5 took to recur since the previous surgery (T1). They term the ratio T1/T2 the relative aggressivity index (RAI). RESULTS The median PFS was 7.8 months, 6.0 months, and 4.8 months following the second, third, and fourth-sixth craniotomies, respectively. Importantly, there was a wide range of outcomes, with time to postoperative recurrence ranging from 1 to 24 months in this group. Analysis showed no meaningful relationship between T1 and T2, meaning that previous PFS is entirely unable to predict the PFS that another surgery will provide the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS Repeat surgery for @entity463 is beneficial in many cases, however this is hard to predict preoperatively. Often, surgery can provide the @entity1 with a good period of disease freedom, but this is variable and in general it is not possible to reliably predict who these @entity1 are.

title: Aggressive repeat surgery for focally recurrent XXXX : outcomes and theoretical framework.

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma', 'primary glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['primary glioblastoma']


abstract: Since recent findings indicate the involvement of G-proteins in the mechanism of ischaemic preconditioning (PC), the present study was aimed to investigate the role of adrenergic mechanisms, such as G-proteins and stimulation of adrenergic receptors, in this phenomenon. For this purpose, isolated Langendorff-perfused @entity35 hearts were subjected to regional ischaemia (30 min occlusion of @entity3980 ) followed by reperfusion. The effect of PC (a single 5 min occlusion/reperfusion before a long occlusion) on ischaemia- and reperfusion induced @entity943 was studied in conjunction with an assessment of G-proteins in the myocardial tissue by means of Western blotting and @entity857 -ribosylation with bacterial toxins. To follow the link between G-proteins and adrenergic receptors, their stimulation by exogenous @entity1063 (NE) was applied to test whether it can mimic the effect of PC on @entity943 . Thirty min ischaemia and subsequent reperfusion induced high incidence of @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) and fibrillation (VF). PC significantly reduced a total number of extrasystoles, incidence of @entity1165 and abolished VF. It was, however, insufficient to suppress reperfusion-induced sustained VF. Measurement of G-proteins revealed that PC led to a reduction of stimulatory Gs proteins, whereas inhibitory Gi proteins were increased. NE (50 nmol) introduced a manner of similar to PC (5 min infusion, 10 min normal reperfusion) reduced @entity943 in the same way, as PC. In addition, in NE-pretreated hearts reperfusion induced mostly transient VF, which was spontaneously reverted to normal sinus rhythm. A transient increase in heart rate and perfusion pressure during NE infusion completely waned before the onset of ischaemia, indicating that antiarrhythmic effect was not related to haemodynamic changes and to conditions of myocardial perfusion. CONCLUSION: antiarrhythmic effect of PC may be mediated by a stimulation of adrenergic receptors coupled to appropriate G-proteins. Consequently, the inhibition of @entity1920 cyclase activity and reduction in @entity268 level, as well as the activation of protein kinase C may be considered as two possible pathways leading to a final response.

title: Ischaemic preconditioning in the XXXX heart: the role of G-proteins and adrenergic stimulation.

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1920 :: ('CHEBI:16027', 'Chemical') :: ['adenylate']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias', 'ischaemic arrhythmias']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether an audible cracking sound during shoulder manipulation following distention arthrography is clinically significant in @entity1 with @entity2585 of the shoulder. METHODS: A total of 48 @entity1 (31 @entity1 , 17 @entity1 ) with primary @entity2585 of the shoulder completed the study. All @entity1 underwent C-arm-guided arthrographic distention of the glenohumeral joint with injections of a corticosteroid and normal saline. After distention, we performed flexion and abduction manipulation of the shoulder. The @entity1 were grouped into sound and non-sound groups based on the presence or absence, respectively, of an audible cracking sound during manipulation. We assessed shoulder @entity158 and disability based on a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the Shoulder @entity158 and Disability Index (SPADI), and passive range of motion (ROM) measurements (flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation) before the procedure and again at 3 weeks and at 6 weeks after the intervention. RESULTS: The @entity1 were divided into two groups: 21 were included in the sound group and 27 in the non-sound group. In both groups, the results of the NRS, SPADI, and ROM assessments showed statistically significant improvements at both 3 and 6 weeks after the procedure. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups except with respect to external rotation at 6 weeks, at which time the sound group showed a significant improvement in external rotation when compared with the non-sound group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings showed that manipulation following distention arthrography was effective in decreasing @entity158 and increasing shoulder range of motion. In addition, the presence of an audible cracking sound during manipulation, especially on external rotation, was associated with better shoulder range of motion.

title: Shoulder Manipulation After Distention Arthrography: Does Audible Cracking Affect Improvement in XXXX ? A Preliminary Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2585 :: ('MESH:D002062', 'Disease') :: ['adhesive capsulitis']

answer: @entity2585 :: (MESH:D002062,Disease) :: ['Adhesive Capsulitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity2118 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity1358 for @entity2118 remains elusive. @entity864 ( @entity865 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity4222 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity1358 to @entity2118 using the @entity865 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity865 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity19 dorsal skin induced @entity2118 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity865 treatment induced @entity1358 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity865 promotes melanoblast @entity4222 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity865 treatment induced robust expression of @entity10898 ( @entity10898 ) in keratinocytes and @entity17777 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity19 @entity2118 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity4222 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity865 promotes the expansion, @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity1358 for @entity19 @entity2118 . @entity10898 / @entity17777 signaling was required for @entity865 -induced @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity2118 from @entity19 hair follicle @entity1358 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity2118 .

title: @entity10898 / @entity17777 signaling is required in @entity864 -induced @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4222 :: ('MESH:D014085', 'Disease') :: ['migration']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['McSCs', 'melanocyte stem cells']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['skin pigmentation disorders', 'epidermal pigmentation']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']

answer: @entity2118 :: (MESH:D010859,Disease) :: ['epidermal pigmentation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity2118 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity1358 for @entity2118 remains elusive. @entity864 ( @entity865 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity4222 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity1358 to @entity2118 using the @entity865 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity865 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity19 dorsal skin induced @entity2118 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity865 treatment induced @entity1358 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity865 promotes melanoblast @entity4222 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity865 treatment induced robust expression of @entity10898 ( @entity10898 ) in keratinocytes and @entity17777 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity19 @entity2118 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity4222 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity865 promotes the expansion, @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity1358 for @entity19 @entity2118 . @entity10898 / @entity17777 signaling was required for @entity865 -induced @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity2118 from @entity19 hair follicle @entity1358 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity2118 .

title: @entity10898 / @entity17777 signaling is required in XXXX -induced @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for @entity2118 .

answer: @entity864 :: (MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755,Chemical) :: ['12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity2118 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity1358 for @entity2118 remains elusive. @entity864 ( @entity865 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity4222 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity1358 to @entity2118 using the @entity865 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity865 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity19 dorsal skin induced @entity2118 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity865 treatment induced @entity1358 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity865 promotes melanoblast @entity4222 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity865 treatment induced robust expression of @entity10898 ( @entity10898 ) in keratinocytes and @entity17777 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity19 @entity2118 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity4222 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity865 promotes the expansion, @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity1358 for @entity19 @entity2118 . @entity10898 / @entity17777 signaling was required for @entity865 -induced @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity2118 from @entity19 hair follicle @entity1358 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity2118 .

title: XXXX / @entity17777 signaling is required in @entity864 -induced @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for @entity2118 .

answer: @entity10898 :: (17311(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['SCF']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity2118 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity1358 for @entity2118 remains elusive. @entity864 ( @entity865 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity4222 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity1358 to @entity2118 using the @entity865 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity865 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity19 dorsal skin induced @entity2118 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity865 treatment induced @entity1358 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity865 promotes melanoblast @entity4222 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity865 treatment induced robust expression of @entity10898 ( @entity10898 ) in keratinocytes and @entity17777 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity19 @entity2118 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity4222 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity865 promotes the expansion, @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity1358 for @entity19 @entity2118 . @entity10898 / @entity17777 signaling was required for @entity865 -induced @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity2118 from @entity19 hair follicle @entity1358 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity2118 .

title: @entity10898 / @entity17777 signaling is required in @entity864 -induced XXXX and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for @entity2118 .

answer: @entity4222 :: (MESH:D014085,Disease) :: ['migration']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity2118 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity1358 for @entity2118 remains elusive. @entity864 ( @entity865 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity4222 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity1358 to @entity2118 using the @entity865 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity865 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity19 dorsal skin induced @entity2118 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity865 treatment induced @entity1358 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity865 promotes melanoblast @entity4222 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity865 treatment induced robust expression of @entity10898 ( @entity10898 ) in keratinocytes and @entity17777 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity19 @entity2118 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity4222 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity865 promotes the expansion, @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity1358 for @entity19 @entity2118 . @entity10898 / @entity17777 signaling was required for @entity865 -induced @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity2118 from @entity19 hair follicle @entity1358 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity2118 .

title: @entity10898 / XXXX signaling is required in @entity864 -induced @entity4222 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for @entity2118 .

answer: @entity17777 :: (16590(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['c-kit']


abstract: @entity291 body composition is difficult to model because several factors affect the composition of the average daily gain (ADG) of growing animals. The objective of this study was to identify commercial single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels that could improve the predictability of days on feed (DOF) to reach a target United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) grade given animal, diet, and environmental information under feedyard conditions. The data for this study was comprised of crossbred heifers (n = 681) and steers (n = 836) from commercial feedyards. Eleven molecular breeding value ( @entity5685 ) scores derived from SNP panels of candidate gene polymorphisms and two-leptin gene SNP (UASMS2 and E2FB) were evaluated. The empty body fat (EBF) and the shrunk body weight (SBW) at 28% EBF (AFSBW) were computed by the @entity291 Value Discovery System (CVDS) model using hip height (EBFHH and AFSBWHH) or carcass traits (EBFCT and AFSBWCT) of the animals. The DOFHH was calculated when AFSBWHH and ADGHH were used and DOFCT was calculated when AFSBWCT and ADGCT were used. The CVDS estimates @entity62 required (DMR) by individuals fed in groups when observed ADG and AFSBW are provided. The AFSBWCT was assumed more accurate than the AFSBWHH because it was computed using carcass traits. The difference between AFSBWCT and AFSBWHH, DOFCT and DOFHH, and DMR and @entity62 intake (DMI) were regressed on the @entity5685 scores and leptin gene SNP to explain the variation. Our results indicate quite a large range of correlations among @entity5685 scores and model input and output variables, but @entity5685 ribeye area was the most strongly correlated with the differences in DOF, AFSBW, and DMI by explaining 8, 13.2 and 6.5%, respectively, of the variation. This suggests that specific @entity5685 scores might explain additional variation of input and output variables used by nutritional models in predicting individual animal performance.

title: Integrating Genomics with Nutrition Models to Improve the Prediction of XXXX Performance and Carcass Composition under Feedlot Conditions.

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['dry matter']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['Cattle']


abstract: The proper functioning of the mesolimbic reward system is largely dependent on the neurotransmitter @entity935 . Recent evidence suggests that the hypocretin system has significant projections to this reward system. We examined the distinct effects of reduced @entity935 or reduced hypocretin levels on reward activity in @entity1 with @entity191 , @entity935 deficient, as well as @entity1 with @entity2724 -cataplexy, hypocretin depleted, and healthy controls. @entity1 performed a simple game-like task while high-density electroencephalography was recorded. Topography and timing of event-related potentials for both reward cue, and reward feedback was examined across the entire dataset. While response to reward cue was similar in all groups, two distinct time points were found to distinguish @entity1 and controls for reward feedback. Around 160ms both @entity1 groups had reduced ERP amplitude compared to controls. Later at 250ms, both @entity1 groups also showed a clear event-related potential (ERP), which was absent in controls. The initial differences show that both @entity1 groups show a similar, blunted response to reward delivery. The second potential corresponds to the classic feedback-related negativity (FRN) potential which relies on @entity935 activity and reflects reward prediction-error signaling. In particular the mismatch between predicted reward and reward subsequently received was significantly higher in @entity1726 compared to NC, independent of reward magnitude and valence. The intermediate FRN response in NC highlights the contribution of @entity18206 in reward processing, yet also shows that this is not as detrimental to the reward system as in @entity191 . Furthermore, the inability to generate accurate predictions in NC may explain @entity942 mediates cataplexy triggered by both positive and negative emotions.

title: The Roles of @entity935 and XXXX in Reward: A Electroencephalographic Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's"]

entities_list: @entity2724 :: ('MESH:D009290', 'Disease') :: ['narcolepsy']

entities_list: @entity18206 :: ('MESH:C110857', 'Chemical') :: ['hypocretin']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['why hypocretin deficiency']

answer: @entity18206 :: (MESH:C110857,Chemical) :: ['Hypocretin']


abstract: The proper functioning of the mesolimbic reward system is largely dependent on the neurotransmitter @entity935 . Recent evidence suggests that the hypocretin system has significant projections to this reward system. We examined the distinct effects of reduced @entity935 or reduced hypocretin levels on reward activity in @entity1 with @entity191 , @entity935 deficient, as well as @entity1 with @entity2724 -cataplexy, hypocretin depleted, and healthy controls. @entity1 performed a simple game-like task while high-density electroencephalography was recorded. Topography and timing of event-related potentials for both reward cue, and reward feedback was examined across the entire dataset. While response to reward cue was similar in all groups, two distinct time points were found to distinguish @entity1 and controls for reward feedback. Around 160ms both @entity1 groups had reduced ERP amplitude compared to controls. Later at 250ms, both @entity1 groups also showed a clear event-related potential (ERP), which was absent in controls. The initial differences show that both @entity1 groups show a similar, blunted response to reward delivery. The second potential corresponds to the classic feedback-related negativity (FRN) potential which relies on @entity935 activity and reflects reward prediction-error signaling. In particular the mismatch between predicted reward and reward subsequently received was significantly higher in @entity1726 compared to NC, independent of reward magnitude and valence. The intermediate FRN response in NC highlights the contribution of @entity18206 in reward processing, yet also shows that this is not as detrimental to the reward system as in @entity191 . Furthermore, the inability to generate accurate predictions in NC may explain @entity942 mediates cataplexy triggered by both positive and negative emotions.

title: The Roles of XXXX and @entity18206 in Reward: A Electroencephalographic Study.

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['Dopamine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Many chronic medical conditions are accompanied by @entity73 but these have only to a very limited extent been psychometrically quantified. An exception is liver @entity82 where @entity99 is an inherent risk and mild forms are diagnosed by psychometric tests. The preferred diagnostic test battery in @entity82 is often the Continuous Reaction Time (CRT) and the @entity75 ( @entity75 ) tests but the effect on these of other medical conditions is not known. We aimed to examine the effects of common chronic (non- @entity82 ) medical conditions on the CRT and @entity75 tests. We studied 15 @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ), 15 with end stage @entity177 (ESRF), 15 with @entity2175 (DMII), 15 with @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ), and 15 healthy @entity1 . We applied the CRT test, which is a 10-min computerized test measuring sustained attention and reaction time stability and the @entity75 test, which is a paper-pencil test battery consisting of 5 subtests. We found that a high fraction of the @entity1 with @entity3618 (7/15, p   =   0.006) had pathological CRT test results; and @entity1030 @entity1 also frequently had an abnormal @entity75 test result (6/15, p   <   0.0001). Both tests were unaffected by ESRF and DMII. Half of the @entity1 with @entity712 or @entity1030 had psychometrically measurable @entity73 , whereas those with ESRF or DMII had not. This adds to the understanding of the clinical consequences of chronic @entity299 , and implies that the psychometric tests should be interpreted with great caution in @entity82 @entity1 with heart- or lung comorbidity.

title: Effects of common chronic medical conditions on psychometric tests used to diagnose minimal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['dysregulated type II diabetes']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Portosystemic Encephalopathy', 'PSE']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive disturbances', 'cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart- and lung disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['COPD', 'chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic encephalopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many factors are involved in causing patellar instability or recurrent @entity8043 . However, factors affecting the outcomes of anatomic medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction have not been fully documented. PURPOSE: To evaluate the rate of recurrent patellar instability after isolated MPFL reconstruction and to elucidate factors affecting the outcomes of isolated MPFL reconstruction using multivariable statistics. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: A total of 42 @entity1 (44 knees) who underwent isolated, anatomic MPFL reconstruction using a semitendinosus autograft without any additional patellar stabilization procedures for treating recurrent @entity8043 were included in this study. All @entity1 were followed for more than 2 years; the mean follow-up period was 3.2 years (range, 2-9 years). Postoperative patellofemoral instability was diagnosed when the @entity1 complained of recurrent @entity8043 or had a positive apprehension sign during follow-up. Preoperative radiographic findings were obtained using plain radiography and computed tomography. Femoral tunnel positions were assessed on postoperative radiographs. The strength of the relationship between postoperative patellofemoral instability and potential risk factors such as preoperative age, sex, body mass index, patellar type, sulcus angle, congruence angle, lateral tilt angle, patellar height, tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, degree of @entity6125 , and femoral bone tunnel position were evaluated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: At follow-up, 2 knees had experienced a redislocation (4.5%). A positive apprehension sign was still evident in 8 knees (18.2%). Three factors, including the sulcus angle, the congruence angle, and @entity6125 , were extracted by single linear regression analysis. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the sulcus angle (odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01-1.22; P = .04) and @entity6125 (OR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.39-6.63; P = .01) were associated with postoperative patellofemoral instability. @entity6125 was independently associated with postoperative patellofemoral instability by multivariable logistic regression analysis (P < .05). An increased TT-TG distance exerted a significant effect on the outcomes of MPFL reconstruction, particularly in @entity1 with type D trochlea. CONCLUSION: Severe @entity6125 is the most important predictor of residual patellofemoral instability after isolated MPFL reconstruction. In addition, an increased TT-TG distance affected the outcomes in @entity1 with type D trochlea. Additional patellar stabilization procedures should be considered for @entity1 with @entity6125 and an increased TT-TG distance.

title: Factors Affecting the Outcomes of Double-Bundle Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Recurrent XXXX Evaluated by Multivariate Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8043 :: ('MESH:D031222', 'Disease') :: ['patellar dislocations', 'patellar subluxations or dislocations']

entities_list: @entity6125 :: ('MESH:D020432', 'Disease') :: ['trochlear dysplasia', 'Trochlear dysplasia', 'severe trochlear dysplasia']

answer: @entity8043 :: (MESH:D031222,Disease) :: ['Patellar Dislocations']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To analyze the clinical manifestations and genetic features of @entity1 with @entity393 ( @entity393 ) and @entity445 ( @entity445 ) @entity600 , and to evaluate speech performance after cochlear implantation (CI) in these @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: Individual retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Of 206 probands with @entity389 ( @entity389 ), we constructed a homogeneous cohort of 11 genetically documented @entity445 type III ( @entity20059 ). Mutations affecting @entity20059 were classified as extension (n = 2), truncation (n = 3), large genomic deletion (n = 2), or missense substitution (n = 4). Postoperative outcomes were rigorously assessed with focus on @entity20059 genotypes and compared with 80 age-matched implantees without @entity389 . RESULTS: @entity393 in our cohort was prelingual in onset irrespective of degree. Serviceable hearing was obtained by wearing conventional hearing aids in three, and eight subjects required CI. No correlation was found between mutation types and @entity2167 . As for the eight cochlear implantees, average Categories of Auditory Perception score was <1 preoperatively and 3.9 at 2 years post-CI. Speech performances improved over the first 3 months postoperatively in a manner comparable to implantees without @entity389 . However, it then tended to slow down until 1 year postoperatively, leading to worse scores at 2 years than implantees without @entity389 . Furthermore, this was more evident in those with a truncation or deletion mutation. CONCLUSIONS: CI surgeons should be aware that postoperative auditory performance may be not as good in @entity445 type III @entity1 as in @entity1 without @entity389 . In particular, our study implies that certain types of @entity20059 mutations may have poorer prognoses than other types after CI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Clinical observations and molecular variables of @entity1 with XXXX and incomplete partition type III.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['initial auditory phenotype']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['type III malformation']

entities_list: @entity445 :: ('MESH:C536298', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete partition', 'IP']

entities_list: @entity389 :: ('MESH:D007759', 'Disease') :: ['inner ear malformations', 'IEMs']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'hearing loss']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['hearing loss']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To analyze the clinical manifestations and genetic features of @entity1 with @entity393 ( @entity393 ) and @entity445 ( @entity445 ) @entity600 , and to evaluate speech performance after cochlear implantation (CI) in these @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: Individual retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Of 206 probands with @entity389 ( @entity389 ), we constructed a homogeneous cohort of 11 genetically documented @entity445 type III ( @entity20059 ). Mutations affecting @entity20059 were classified as extension (n = 2), truncation (n = 3), large genomic deletion (n = 2), or missense substitution (n = 4). Postoperative outcomes were rigorously assessed with focus on @entity20059 genotypes and compared with 80 age-matched implantees without @entity389 . RESULTS: @entity393 in our cohort was prelingual in onset irrespective of degree. Serviceable hearing was obtained by wearing conventional hearing aids in three, and eight subjects required CI. No correlation was found between mutation types and @entity2167 . As for the eight cochlear implantees, average Categories of Auditory Perception score was <1 preoperatively and 3.9 at 2 years post-CI. Speech performances improved over the first 3 months postoperatively in a manner comparable to implantees without @entity389 . However, it then tended to slow down until 1 year postoperatively, leading to worse scores at 2 years than implantees without @entity389 . Furthermore, this was more evident in those with a truncation or deletion mutation. CONCLUSIONS: CI surgeons should be aware that postoperative auditory performance may be not as good in @entity445 type III @entity1 as in @entity1 without @entity389 . In particular, our study implies that certain types of @entity20059 mutations may have poorer prognoses than other types after CI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Clinical observations and molecular variables of XXXX with @entity393 and incomplete partition type III.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: @entity4254 ( @entity4254 ) is mostly caused by vascular compression of the nerve's root entry zone due to an ectatic artery. Rarer causes include compression from @entity5 , @entity1462 or @entity15 . @entity600 ( @entity600 ) are benign, aberrantly appearing venous structures that drain normal cerebral tissue. @entity600 are a rare etiology of @entity4254 . The management of @entity4254 caused by a @entity8468 is controversial as disruption of the @entity8468 can be catastrophic. Methods: We report a case of a young @entity1 with severe medically refractory @entity4254 related to a brachium pontis @entity8468 who was successfully treated by gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSR) to the trigeminal nerve. Results: Within 2 weeks of GKSR, the @entity1 reported experiencing 60% @entity158 relief; 5 years postoperatively, he remains @entity158 free with some mild sensory loss in the V2 and V3 areas. Conclusions: GKSR has an established role in the management of @entity4254 . This is the first reported case of using GKSR to treat @entity4254 caused by a @entity8468 . In the setting of a @entity8468 , GKSR should be an initial consideration for @entity4254 therapy after medical failure because of the high surgical risk related to disrupting the @entity8468 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia Caused by a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity4254 :: ('MESH:D014277', 'Disease') :: ['Trigeminal neuralgia', 'TN']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['DVAs', 'Developmental venous anomalies']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'completely pain']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis plaques']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformations']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['Developmental Venous Anomaly']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Classification systems can be useful tools for clinical care and research but must be proven as reliable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Classification of Early Onset @entity1635 (C- @entity13991 ) scheme. METHODS: After IRB approval, 50 cases were drawn from a prospectively collected database of @entity1 with @entity13991 . Cases were selected using a stratified randomization scheme based on etiology. These cases were used to create an internet survey that was sent to pediatric orthopaedic faculty, research coordinators, and fellows involved in @entity13991 care and research. @entity1 were asked to classify each case and were provided with a written C- @entity13991 scheme that could be referenced while they completed the survey. Surveys were sent to @entity1 twice, 3 weeks apart, to assess both intraobserver and interobserver reliability. Fleiss k and Cohen k were used to assess interobserver and intraobserver reliability, respectively. RESULTS: There were 36 total @entity1 , 29 who completed the survey twice (21 faculty, 13 research coordinators, and 2 fellows). Overall Fleiss k coefficient for interobserver reliability was excellent across the major categories of etiology (0.84), major curve (0.93), and @entity1513 (0.96). Overall intraobserver reliability was excellent with Cohen k values for etiology (0.92), major curve (0.96), and @entity1513 (0.98). Faculty members had excellent agreement for etiology (0.90), major curve (0.91), and @entity1513 (0.96). Research coordinators had high levels of agreement for etiology (0.78), and excellent for major curve (0.95) and @entity1513 (0.96). Intraobserver reliability was excellent across all major categories for all groups: faculty, research coordinators, and fellows. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows high levels of interobserver and intraobserver agreement of the C- @entity13991 scheme. The C- @entity13991 scheme can be used as a reliable tool for classifying @entity13991 @entity1 for clinical communication and research. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II-diagnostic study.

title: Classification of Early Onset XXXX has Excellent Interobserver and Intraobserver Reliability.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['Scoliosis']

answer: @entity1635 :: (MESH:D012600,Disease) :: ['Scoliosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The extent to which A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity683 vaccines prevented hospital admissions with @entity55 and @entity683 (P_I) during the 2009 pandemic remains poorly understood. We evaluated the effectiveness of the A(H1N1)pdm09 and seasonal @entity683 vaccines (TIV) used during the 2009 mass vaccination campaign in Manitoba (Canada) in preventing P_I hospitalization. METHODS: A population-based record-linkage nested case-control study. Cases (N = 1,812) were @entity1 hospitalized with @entity683 ( @entity1479 -10:J09-J11) or @entity55 ( @entity1479 -10:J12-J18) during the study period. Age-, gender- and area of residence-matched controls (N = 7,915) were randomly sampled from Manitoba's Population Registry. Information on receipt of A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine and TIV was obtained from the Manitoba Immunization Monitoring System, a province-wide vaccine registry. RESULTS: Overall, the adjuvanted A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine was 27% (95%CI 13-39%) effective against P_I hospitalization >=  14 days following administration. Effectiveness seemed lower among older (>=  65 years) adults (10%; -16-30%), particularly when compared to under-5 @entity1 (58%; 30-75%). The number-needed-to-vaccinate to prevent 1 P_I admission was lowest among <4 year-olds (928) and >= 65 years (1,721). VE against hospitalization with laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 was 70% (39-85%) overall and (91%; 62-98%) >=  14 days following vaccination. DISCUSSION: Our data suggest that the adjuvanted A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine was effective in preventing about 55-60% of P_I hospitalizations among @entity1 and younger adults who were at much higher risk of @entity281 . Unfortunately, the vaccine was less effective among 65 or older adults. Despite that the vaccine still had a significant population-based impact especially among the very young (<5) and the older (>=  65 years).

title: Did the H1N1 Vaccine Reduce the Risk of Admission with XXXX during the Pandemic?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['Influenza and Pneumonia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the conservative surgical treatment for abnormal uterine @entity548 from the Medicalized Information System Program (PMSI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The diagnosis codes were selected from 10th version of the international classification disease. A transversal and longitudinal descriptive analysis was performed from hospital stays, @entity1 's characteristics, medical procedures between 2008-2010. RESULTS: Nineteen thousand six hundred and seventy-nine @entity1 were admitted in hospital (public or private) for treatment of abnormal uterine @entity548 . Endometrial ablation increased by 16,7%, 10.2% for first generation technique (G1) and 63.5% for second generation techniques (G2). G2were used in 15% of indications. The median age was respectively 45.2  6.4years old versus 45.8  4.9years old for G2. The median length of hospital stay was 1.6   1with 69% of @entity1 in ambulatory care. The likelihood to have a hysterectomy in the 3years follow-up was higher after G1  than G2  treatments (P=0.0034) for the @entity1 above 40  years old. In longitudinal study, defined only by @entity1869 , 11,532  @entity1 were included and only 8.2% had been treated by G2. CONCLUSION: In spite of the international guidelines since 2008, 85% of @entity1 treated with first generation surgical technique. The failure rate defined by a re-ablation or a hysterectomy is higher after G1. This result must be discussed in relationship with cost effective aspects.

title: [Analysis from the French DRG-based information system (PMSI) of conservative surgical treatment for abnormal uterine XXXX in 2008-2010.]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1869 :: ('MESH:D004714', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['bleeding']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two years ago the authors began to use Swan-Ganz catheters to generate more complex hemodynamic data as a better guide to resuscitation of burns. This study uses the information to identify differences between survivors and nonsurvivors. @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty-three consecutive @entity1 with major burns were treated using Swan-Ganz-generated data. Additional information was collected, including demographics, intake and output, medications, and arterial blood gas (including calculated @entity26 consumption). Statistical analysis incorporated adjustments for autocorrelation. RESULTS: The @entity1 included 38 @entity1 and 15 @entity1 , averaged 43.7 years of age, and had a mean burn size of 40%. Thirteen @entity1 suffered severe @entity130 . Data collected hourly over 3 days were collapsed across 6-hour observation periods. Mean values, when plotted across time, discriminated the 37 survivors from the 16 nonsurvivors. Poor response to resuscitation as evidenced by increased use of colloid fluid and cardiotonic drugs plus failure to maximize @entity26 consumption were associated with nonsurvival. CONCLUSIONS: Unsustained or inadequate response to @entity4808 was associated with nonsurvival.

title: Survival in major XXXX is predicted by early response to Swan-Ganz-guided resuscitation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4808 :: ('MESH:D002056', 'Disease') :: ['hyperdynamic resuscitation of burns']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['inhalation injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['burn injuries']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of oblique muscle weakening when combined with medial rectus muscle recession on the primary position horizontal alignment after surgery to correct @entity5971 . METHODS: The medical records of @entity1 who underwent bilateral medial rectus recessions with or without simultaneous oblique muscle surgery between 2004 and 2013 at two Brazilian hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. @entity1 who had undergone previous strabismus surgery and those with incomplete data were excluded. The amount of correction for every millimeter of medial rectus recession was analyzed for @entity1 undergoing an isolated procedure (group A), those undergoing additional inferior oblique muscle weakening (group B), and those undergoing additional superior oblique muscle weakening, or tenectomy (group C). RESULTS: A total of 160 @entity1 (71 females) met inclusion criteria. The magnitudes of preoperative @entity5971 and the times of postoperative evaluation did not differ between groups. The amounts of correction did not differ when @entity1 younger and older than 7 years were compared in every group. The amounts of correction for every millimeter of medial rectus recession were 3.0(  ) in group A, 3.1(  ) in group B, and 2.6(  ) in group C. The reduction for group C was significant (P = 0.0036). CONCLUSIONS: Pateints undergoing superior oblique weakening surgery in combination with bimedial rectus recessions may require larger medial rectus recessions to correct the primary position esodeviation. The authors suggest that a 10%-15% increase of the planned recession should be considered.

title: Effect of combining oblique muscle weakening procedures with bimedial rectus recessions on the surgical correction of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity5971 :: ('MESH:D004948', 'Disease') :: ['esotropia']

answer: @entity5971 :: (MESH:D004948,Disease) :: ['esotropia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity11707 expression has been described as a significant prognostic factor in multiple solid @entity5 . Most of these studies have, however, been undertaken using the Ab-2 antibody (clone SN3b), which detects a @entity11707 -associated @entity1735 , and not the @entity11707 protein itself. Although its biological identity remains unclear, its prognostic significance means that detection of this @entity1735 may, nonetheless, be clinically relevant. METHODS: 133 @entity0 were selected (pT1-2 pN0-2 M0, no secondary @entity189 , no @entity189 ) from a previous SN3b expression study on a larger cohort of @entity0 . After updating data on follow-up observations, we carried out univariate and multivariate analysis of the prognostic significance of SN3b for total and @entity0 -specific survival. RESULTS: A statistically significant correlation between cytoplasmic SN3b immunoreactivity and positive node status was found. Cytoplasmic SN3b also has node status-independent prognostic significance. Total survival exhibits a statistically significant dependency on cytoplasmic SN3b even for pN0 cases. CONCLUSION: The independent prognostic value of @entity11707 as detected by Ab-2/clone SN3b could replace the diagnostic axillary dissection in @entity0 @entity1 if this was confirmed in further studies. Also, clarifying the exact epitope of this interesting antibody is more than warranted.

title: Long-Term Analysis of Ab-2 (Clone SN3b) Immunoreactivity as a Prognostic Factor in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast Carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1 experienced @entity662 for about 7 months, but a diagnosis could not be made until after death. He was diagnosed with @entity3620 on autopsy. In this case report, difficult aspects of the diagnosis are discussed. The 70-year-old Japanese @entity1 was a driver who transported ceramic-related products. Right @entity662 developed in July 2013, but no abnormality was detected on a chest computed tomography (CT) performed in September 2013, and the @entity158 was managed as right intercostal @entity9 . A chest CT performed in late October 2013 revealed a right @entity1143 , and the @entity1 was referred to our hospital in early November 2013. Thoracentesis was performed, but the cytology was negative, and no diagnosis could be made. Close examination was postponed because the @entity1 developed a @entity510 . He underwent @entity419 positron emission tomography ( @entity419 PET) after discharge from the neurosurgery department, and extensive right pleural thickening and @entity419 accumulation in this region were observed. Based on these findings, @entity3620 was suspected, and a thoracoscopy was performed under local anesthesia in early December 2013, but no definite diagnosis could be made. The @entity1 selected best supportive care and died about 7 months after the initial development of right @entity662 . The disease was definitively diagnosed as @entity3620 by a pathological autopsy. When chronic @entity662 of unknown cause is observed and past exposure to @entity1355 is suspected, actions to prevent delay in diagnosis should be taken, including testing for suspicion of @entity3620 .

title: An Autopsied Case of Malignant Sarcomatoid Pleural Mesothelioma in Which XXXX Developed Several Months Earlier without Abnormality on Imaging.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose', '(18)F-FDG']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant sarcomatoid pleural mesothelioma', 'malignant pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuralgia']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['Chest Pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a case of a 20-year-old female with decreased visual acuity (VA) in the left eye (LE). METHODS: This is a retrospective and descriptive case report based on data from clinical records, @entity1 observation and analysis of diagnostic tests. RESULTS: A 20-year-old female presented with decreased VA in the LE for 3 days. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 in the right eye (RE) and 20/40 in the LE. Pupillary function, intraocular pressure, results of external segment examinations and slit-lamp biomicroscopy were normal, bilaterally. RE fundoscopy was normal, and in the LE it revealed @entity1829 and posterior pole exudative @entity1713 . Optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed the macular @entity1713 and showed thickening of the posterior choroid also revealed by orbital ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). @entity941 angiography showed angiographic features typical of @entity7375 : disseminated spotted choroidal hyperfluorescence and choroidal multifocal hypofluorescence, multifocal profuse leakage in the retina with pooling, @entity1713 and optic disc hyperfluorescence. Serological testing for the diagnosis of @entity166 pathologies was negative, and the review of systems was normal. The @entity1 received systemic @entity230 and @entity205 . LE BCVA improved up to 20/20 at 18 months after the diagnosis, with complete reabsorption of subretinal fluid and normal retinal and choroidal thickness by OCT. CONCLUSION: Despite the unilateral involvement, the clinical and angiographic features were typical of @entity7375 , and ophthalmologists should be aware to recognize this rare clinical variant of the disease.

title: Unilateral XXXX : A Clinical Case Report.

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['serous retinal detachment', 'retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['papillitis']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity7375 :: ('MESH:D014607', 'Disease') :: ['VKH disease', 'Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious']

answer: @entity7375 :: (MESH:D014607,Disease) :: ['Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease']


abstract: Radiotherapy has been standard therapy for locally advanced @entity1544 . Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is being studied to improve responses and survival. We report a phase II study in locally advanced @entity1544 (FIGO stages III and @entity3480 ) using chemotherapy with @entity1732 , @entity1499 and @entity900 (BMP) followed by radical radiotherapy. Of the 35 @entity1 , 31 in stage III and 4 in stage @entity3480 , 3 complete responses (CR) and 22 partial responses (PR) were achieved after chemotherapy treatment. Thirty-one @entity1 completed radiotherapy; 19 achieved CR and 4 PR. Five-year actuarial survival for the entire group was 45% (95% confidence interval, 37-53%) with a median survival of 56 months. @entity1 with CR had a significantly better survival: the 5-year actuarial survival was 74% (95% CI, 59-89%). Recurrence developed in 4 of 19 @entity1 . The most frequent side-effects were @entity390 and @entity391 . Myelosuppression and @entity8 also occurred. There was no evidence of radiotherapy @entity137 enhancement. The stage and Karnofsky index were significant prognostic factors. It is concluded that BMP chemotherapy in advanced cervical @entity5 is effective and, followed by radiotherapy, allows a good control of this @entity5 . The group of @entity1 with complete response have a low rate of recurrences and a long survival chance.

title: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy in locally advanced cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Very small @entity1756 ( <=3 mm) demonstrate a significant risk for procedural @entity397 with endovascular therapy. Since 2007, 1.5-mm-diameter coils have been available (Micrus, Microvention, and ev3), allowing neurointerventionalists the opportunity to offer @entity1 with very small @entity439 endovascular treatment. In this study, we review the clinical and angiographic outcome of @entity1 with very small @entity1756 treated with the 1.5-mm coil. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study in which we examined consecutive @entity1756 treated with coil embolization at a single institution. The longest linear @entity439 was recorded, even if the first coil was sized to a smaller transverse diameter. @entity439 were defined as  <=3 mm. Descriptive results are presented. RESULTS: From July 2007 to March 2015, 81 @entity439 were treated acutely with coils in 78 @entity1 presenting with @entity510 . There were 5 @entity1 with 3-mm @entity439 , of which the transverse diameter was  <=2 mm in 3 @entity1 . In all 5 @entity1 , a balloon was placed for hemostatic prophylaxis in case of @entity397 , and a single 1.5-mm coil was inserted for @entity439 treatment without complication. Complete @entity439 was achieved in 1 @entity1 , residual neck in 2, and residual @entity439 in 2 @entity1 . @entity439 was present in 2 @entity1 with an anterior communicating @entity438 ; a recoiling attempt was unsuccessful in 1 of these 2 @entity1 due to inadvertent displacement and distal coil embolization, but subsequent surgical clipping was successful. Another @entity1 was retreated by surgical clipping for a residual wide-neck carotid terminus @entity439 . One @entity1 died of @entity5034 3 weeks after presentation; all 4 other @entity1 had an excellent outcome with no rebleed at follow-up (mean 21 months, range 1-62). CONCLUSION: The advent of the 1.5-mm coil may be used in the endovascular treatment of @entity1 with very small @entity1756 , providing a temporary protection to the site of @entity397 in the acute phase. If necessary, bridging with elective clipping may provide definitive @entity439 treatment.

title: Expanding Endovascular Therapy of Very Small XXXX with the 1.5-mm Coil.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['artery aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity5034 :: ('MESH:D058565', 'Disease') :: ['ventriculitis']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['Very small aneurysms', 'aneurysms', 'Aneurysm recanalization', 'aneurysm', 'aneurysm occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured aneurysms', 'ruptured very small aneurysms']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['Ruptured Aneurysms']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A relationship between the administration of @entity1176 agonists and the risk of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) in @entity1 with @entity263 has been showed in the third observational study published in April 2014. The association @entity583 -orchiectomy was not found in any of these studies. OBJECTIVE: Define risk factors for @entity65 in @entity1 treated with @entity1176 agonist. Their probable underlying pathogenic mechanism in the myocardium and peripheral vascular tree was also analyzed. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: English articles cited in PubMed were reviewed. No time period is specified. The last search date was 11/30/14. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: In @entity1 with coronary history of @entity583 or @entity712 , hormonal neoadjuvant therapy increased cardiovascular mortality rates (HR: 1.96, IC 95%: 1.04-3.71; P=.04) as well as cardiovascular-specific mortality rates (AHR: 3.28; IC 95%: 1.01-10.64; P=.048). Two possible mechanisms can be involved: a) direct mechanism through myocardial receptor for @entity1176 /PKA along with atherogenic plaques; and b) indirect mechanism related with @entity209 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity583 or @entity712 history could present a higher risk of death related to the use of @entity1176 agonists. In these cases, should carefully consider appropriateness of such treatment. These effects can explained by a direct mechanism on myocardium and peripheral vascular tree and indirect ones related with modified @entity209 .

title: @entity65 in @entity1 with XXXX exposed to androgen deprivation therapy.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome', 'metabolic disturbances']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMC', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A relationship between the administration of @entity1176 agonists and the risk of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) in @entity1 with @entity263 has been showed in the third observational study published in April 2014. The association @entity583 -orchiectomy was not found in any of these studies. OBJECTIVE: Define risk factors for @entity65 in @entity1 treated with @entity1176 agonist. Their probable underlying pathogenic mechanism in the myocardium and peripheral vascular tree was also analyzed. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: English articles cited in PubMed were reviewed. No time period is specified. The last search date was 11/30/14. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: In @entity1 with coronary history of @entity583 or @entity712 , hormonal neoadjuvant therapy increased cardiovascular mortality rates (HR: 1.96, IC 95%: 1.04-3.71; P=.04) as well as cardiovascular-specific mortality rates (AHR: 3.28; IC 95%: 1.01-10.64; P=.048). Two possible mechanisms can be involved: a) direct mechanism through myocardial receptor for @entity1176 /PKA along with atherogenic plaques; and b) indirect mechanism related with @entity209 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity583 or @entity712 history could present a higher risk of death related to the use of @entity1176 agonists. In these cases, should carefully consider appropriateness of such treatment. These effects can explained by a direct mechanism on myocardium and peripheral vascular tree and indirect ones related with modified @entity209 .

title: XXXX in @entity1 with @entity263 exposed to androgen deprivation therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular mortality']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A relationship between the administration of @entity1176 agonists and the risk of @entity583 ( @entity583 ) in @entity1 with @entity263 has been showed in the third observational study published in April 2014. The association @entity583 -orchiectomy was not found in any of these studies. OBJECTIVE: Define risk factors for @entity65 in @entity1 treated with @entity1176 agonist. Their probable underlying pathogenic mechanism in the myocardium and peripheral vascular tree was also analyzed. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: English articles cited in PubMed were reviewed. No time period is specified. The last search date was 11/30/14. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: In @entity1 with coronary history of @entity583 or @entity712 , hormonal neoadjuvant therapy increased cardiovascular mortality rates (HR: 1.96, IC 95%: 1.04-3.71; P=.04) as well as cardiovascular-specific mortality rates (AHR: 3.28; IC 95%: 1.01-10.64; P=.048). Two possible mechanisms can be involved: a) direct mechanism through myocardial receptor for @entity1176 /PKA along with atherogenic plaques; and b) indirect mechanism related with @entity209 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity583 or @entity712 history could present a higher risk of death related to the use of @entity1176 agonists. In these cases, should carefully consider appropriateness of such treatment. These effects can explained by a direct mechanism on myocardium and peripheral vascular tree and indirect ones related with modified @entity209 .

title: @entity65 in XXXX with @entity263 exposed to androgen deprivation therapy.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Artemisia is an important genus of Iranian flora whose potent anti-proliferative effect has been demonstrated previously on @entity1 cancerous cell lines. In the current study, further fractionation was carried out on the petroleum ether extract of A. aucheri and their cytotoxic effects were evaluated on three @entity1 @entity5 cell lines. Cell viability was determined by @entity2454 assay. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of apoptotic related genes. Activation of caspases and detection of intracellular @entity632 ( @entity3105 ) accumulation were evaluated using a spectrophotometer. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured using flow cytometry. The fraction NO-7 (F7) of petroleum ether extract showed the highest anti-proliferative effect, especially against SKNMC cells. Therefore, we focused on a description of the cytotoxic mechanism of the most potent fraction on SKNMC cells. The results indicated that F7 was able to induce apoptosis through MMP disruption, activation of caspases and increament of proapoptotic genes @entity589 and @entity17205 / @entity17205 . Moreover, our observation indicated that F7 is able to increase the cytotoxicity of @entity3105 in SKNMC cells. The combination of F7+ @entity3105 significantly increased the intracellular accumulation of @entity3105 . These results indicated that F7 induces apoptosis in SKNMC cells. Moreover, it might enhance the antitumor activity of @entity3105 , through modulating the activity of multidrug resistant @entity5 cells and inducing apoptosis.

title: A semipolar fraction of petroleum ether extract of Artemisia aucheri induces apoptosis and enhances the apoptotic response to XXXX in @entity1 neuroblastoma SKNMC cell line.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2454 :: ('MESH:C022616', 'Chemical') :: ['3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Artemisia is an important genus of Iranian flora whose potent anti-proliferative effect has been demonstrated previously on @entity1 cancerous cell lines. In the current study, further fractionation was carried out on the petroleum ether extract of A. aucheri and their cytotoxic effects were evaluated on three @entity1 @entity5 cell lines. Cell viability was determined by @entity2454 assay. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of apoptotic related genes. Activation of caspases and detection of intracellular @entity632 ( @entity3105 ) accumulation were evaluated using a spectrophotometer. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured using flow cytometry. The fraction NO-7 (F7) of petroleum ether extract showed the highest anti-proliferative effect, especially against SKNMC cells. Therefore, we focused on a description of the cytotoxic mechanism of the most potent fraction on SKNMC cells. The results indicated that F7 was able to induce apoptosis through MMP disruption, activation of caspases and increament of proapoptotic genes @entity589 and @entity17205 / @entity17205 . Moreover, our observation indicated that F7 is able to increase the cytotoxicity of @entity3105 in SKNMC cells. The combination of F7+ @entity3105 significantly increased the intracellular accumulation of @entity3105 . These results indicated that F7 induces apoptosis in SKNMC cells. Moreover, it might enhance the antitumor activity of @entity3105 , through modulating the activity of multidrug resistant @entity5 cells and inducing apoptosis.

title: A semipolar fraction of petroleum ether extract of Artemisia aucheri induces apoptosis and enhances the apoptotic response to @entity632 in XXXX neuroblastoma SKNMC cell line.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']