abstract: Among 3,242 coronary angiograms performed from November 1972 through October 1975 at the Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 @entity1 had normal coronary arteries or luminal narrowings of less than 30 per cent. All @entity1 were studied for @entity662 , and none had experienced prior @entity583 . Subsequent information was available in 159 @entity1 over a mean follow-up period of 42.7 months. There were no deaths, and only one @entity583 occurred during this period. However, among the @entity1 followed, continued @entity662 with episodes occurring at least once monthly was present in 54 per cent. In addition, 17 per cent of all @entity1 required subsequent hospitalization and 44 per cent continued to receive antianginal medication. Nearly half of the group (46 per cent) suffered some limitation of activity, and 22 per cent stated that they had either changed jobs or stopped work because of @entity662 . Continuing @entity662 was significantly more common in @entity1 and in @entity1 who had experienced @entity662 for more than one year before angiography. However, typicality of @entity662 for @entity951 or the occurrence of electrocardiographic changes of @entity63 prior to angiography did not predict continued @entity662 during the follow-up period. Thus, although mortality and morbidity are low in this group of @entity1 , the syndrome of @entity662 with angiographically insignificant @entity453 has an important impact on the lives of a majority of those affected.

title: XXXX with angiographically insignificant @entity453 . Clinical presentation and long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery obstruction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['Chest pain']


abstract: Among 3,242 coronary angiograms performed from November 1972 through October 1975 at the Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 @entity1 had normal coronary arteries or luminal narrowings of less than 30 per cent. All @entity1 were studied for @entity662 , and none had experienced prior @entity583 . Subsequent information was available in 159 @entity1 over a mean follow-up period of 42.7 months. There were no deaths, and only one @entity583 occurred during this period. However, among the @entity1 followed, continued @entity662 with episodes occurring at least once monthly was present in 54 per cent. In addition, 17 per cent of all @entity1 required subsequent hospitalization and 44 per cent continued to receive antianginal medication. Nearly half of the group (46 per cent) suffered some limitation of activity, and 22 per cent stated that they had either changed jobs or stopped work because of @entity662 . Continuing @entity662 was significantly more common in @entity1 and in @entity1 who had experienced @entity662 for more than one year before angiography. However, typicality of @entity662 for @entity951 or the occurrence of electrocardiographic changes of @entity63 prior to angiography did not predict continued @entity662 during the follow-up period. Thus, although mortality and morbidity are low in this group of @entity1 , the syndrome of @entity662 with angiographically insignificant @entity453 has an important impact on the lives of a majority of those affected.

title: @entity662 with angiographically insignificant XXXX . Clinical presentation and long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary arterial obstruction']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) has been proven dysregulated in several @entity1 @entity5 and correlated with @entity5 progression. However, its expression and clinical significance in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is still unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of miR-124 expression in @entity1149 . METHODS: Expression levels of miR-124 in 92 pairs of @entity1149 and adjacent non- @entity5 tissues were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In order to determine its prognostic value, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard analysis. RESULTS: miR-124 expression level was significantly lower in @entity1149 tissues compared with adjacent non- @entity5 tissues (P < 0.05). The 5-year OS of low miR-124 expression group was significantly shorter than that of high miR-124 expression group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the 5-year DFS of low miR-124 expression group was also significantly shorter than that of high miR-124 expression group (P < 0.05). In a multivariate Cox model, we found that miR-124 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both 5-year OS and 5-year DFS in @entity1149 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results offer the convincing evidence that miR-124 may play key roles in the progression of @entity2 and that the down-regulated expression of miR-124 may be independently associated with @entity1349 and DFS of @entity1 , suggesting that miR-124 might be a potential marker for further risk stratification in the treatment of @entity2 .

title: Down-regulation of microRNA-124 is correlated with @entity5 metastasis and poor prognosis in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['shorter OS']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) has been proven dysregulated in several @entity1 @entity5 and correlated with @entity5 progression. However, its expression and clinical significance in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is still unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of miR-124 expression in @entity1149 . METHODS: Expression levels of miR-124 in 92 pairs of @entity1149 and adjacent non- @entity5 tissues were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In order to determine its prognostic value, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard analysis. RESULTS: miR-124 expression level was significantly lower in @entity1149 tissues compared with adjacent non- @entity5 tissues (P < 0.05). The 5-year OS of low miR-124 expression group was significantly shorter than that of high miR-124 expression group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the 5-year DFS of low miR-124 expression group was also significantly shorter than that of high miR-124 expression group (P < 0.05). In a multivariate Cox model, we found that miR-124 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both 5-year OS and 5-year DFS in @entity1149 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results offer the convincing evidence that miR-124 may play key roles in the progression of @entity2 and that the down-regulated expression of miR-124 may be independently associated with @entity1349 and DFS of @entity1 , suggesting that miR-124 might be a potential marker for further risk stratification in the treatment of @entity2 .

title: Down-regulation of microRNA-124 is correlated with XXXX metastasis and poor prognosis in @entity1 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) has been proven dysregulated in several @entity1 @entity5 and correlated with @entity5 progression. However, its expression and clinical significance in @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is still unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of miR-124 expression in @entity1149 . METHODS: Expression levels of miR-124 in 92 pairs of @entity1149 and adjacent non- @entity5 tissues were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In order to determine its prognostic value, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard analysis. RESULTS: miR-124 expression level was significantly lower in @entity1149 tissues compared with adjacent non- @entity5 tissues (P < 0.05). The 5-year OS of low miR-124 expression group was significantly shorter than that of high miR-124 expression group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the 5-year DFS of low miR-124 expression group was also significantly shorter than that of high miR-124 expression group (P < 0.05). In a multivariate Cox model, we found that miR-124 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both 5-year OS and 5-year DFS in @entity1149 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results offer the convincing evidence that miR-124 may play key roles in the progression of @entity2 and that the down-regulated expression of miR-124 may be independently associated with @entity1349 and DFS of @entity1 , suggesting that miR-124 might be a potential marker for further risk stratification in the treatment of @entity2 .

title: Down-regulation of microRNA-124 is correlated with @entity5 metastasis and poor prognosis in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB (RANK) expression statuses of @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ) @entity1 , @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ), @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ), and normal esophageal tissues (NETs) in Chinese Han and Kazakh ethnic, as well as the correlation of RANK expression with clinicopathological characteristics. RANK immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to investigate the expression of RANK in 113 @entity1721 , 36 @entity3146 , 63 @entity3146 , and 98 NETs from Han ethnic @entity1 and in 196 @entity1721 and 76 NETs from Kazakh ethnic @entity1 . The associations of RANK expression with ethnic and clinicopathological characteristics were examined using   (2)-test. Upregulated RANK expression was detected in both Han and Kazakh ethnic @entity1721 tissues, compared with NETs (P = 1.11*10(-5), 0.001, respectively). RANK expression was significantly increased during malignant transformation from normal epithelium into @entity3146 (P = 2.84*10(-7)) and @entity3146 (P = 7.83*10(-6)) tissues in Han ethnic @entity1 . The increased expression of RANK also correlated with lymph node @entity3 in Kazakh ethnic @entity1721 @entity1 (P = 0.019). By contrast, no significant correlation existed between RANK expression and clinicopathological characteristics of Han ethnic @entity1721 @entity1 . Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that @entity1721 @entity1 with higher expression of RANK protein had significantly worse prognosis than @entity1721 @entity1 with low or no expression (P = 0.001). In conclusion, this study is the first to identify RANK overexpression as a novel @entity418 marker in both Kazakh and Han ethnic @entity1721 @entity1 . The results support the association of RANK with @entity1721 across ethnicities. In summary, RANK could be a therapeutic target in @entity1721 @entity1 .

title: RANK overexpression as a novel XXXX marker: validated immunohistochemical analysis of two different ethnicities.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['ESCC', 'esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['LGIN', 'low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia', 'high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia', 'HGIN']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5136 containing regimens have been proposed as potentially valuable alternatives for the treatment of @entity1 with @entity6371 ( @entity6371 ) or extensively @entity5295 ( @entity5295 ). METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of @entity5136 for @entity5295 ( @entity5295 ) treatment. We searched the Cochrane Controlled Trial Registry, PubMed, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), database up to May 2014 to identify studies providing data of the use of @entity5136 for the treatment of @entity5295 . RESULTS: The search yielded 15 studies (367 @entity1 ) including one randomized controlled trial (RCT), covering 239 @entity1 who could be evaluated for effectiveness; 83% [95% confidence interval (CI), 75-90%; I(2)=62.8%] had a favorable outcome, defined as either cure or treatment completion. The pooled rate of culture conversion was 89% (95% CI, 83-95%; I(2)=49.6%). Between the group receiving daily @entity5136 doses of  <=600 or >600 mg, the mortality was considerably lower in @entity1 treated with less than 600 mg/day (P value <0.001). Of 367 @entity1 for whom data on safety was available, @entity1897 (31%, 95% CI, 19-42%; I(2)=81.7%) and @entity417 (25%, 95% CI, 15-34%; I(2)=76.6%) were the main adverse effects. @entity1 receiving less than 600 mg/day were more likely to experience nervous system adverse events (P value <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence suggests that @entity5136 could be considered as a promising option as treatment of MDR/XDR @entity5295 . Randomized trials are warranted to define the dose and frequency of administration.

title: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of therapy with XXXX containing regimens in the treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively @entity6371 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity6371 :: ('MESH:D018088', 'Disease') :: ['MDR-TB', 'multidrug-resistant tuberculosis']

entities_list: @entity5295 :: ('MESH:D054908', 'Disease') :: ['XDR-TB', 'drug-resistant TB', 'TB', 'DR-TB']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity5136 :: ('MESH:C098010', 'Chemical') :: ['linezolid', 'Linezolid']

answer: @entity5136 :: (MESH:C098010,Chemical) :: ['linezolid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5136 containing regimens have been proposed as potentially valuable alternatives for the treatment of @entity1 with @entity6371 ( @entity6371 ) or extensively @entity5295 ( @entity5295 ). METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of @entity5136 for @entity5295 ( @entity5295 ) treatment. We searched the Cochrane Controlled Trial Registry, PubMed, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), database up to May 2014 to identify studies providing data of the use of @entity5136 for the treatment of @entity5295 . RESULTS: The search yielded 15 studies (367 @entity1 ) including one randomized controlled trial (RCT), covering 239 @entity1 who could be evaluated for effectiveness; 83% [95% confidence interval (CI), 75-90%; I(2)=62.8%] had a favorable outcome, defined as either cure or treatment completion. The pooled rate of culture conversion was 89% (95% CI, 83-95%; I(2)=49.6%). Between the group receiving daily @entity5136 doses of  <=600 or >600 mg, the mortality was considerably lower in @entity1 treated with less than 600 mg/day (P value <0.001). Of 367 @entity1 for whom data on safety was available, @entity1897 (31%, 95% CI, 19-42%; I(2)=81.7%) and @entity417 (25%, 95% CI, 15-34%; I(2)=76.6%) were the main adverse effects. @entity1 receiving less than 600 mg/day were more likely to experience nervous system adverse events (P value <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence suggests that @entity5136 could be considered as a promising option as treatment of MDR/XDR @entity5295 . Randomized trials are warranted to define the dose and frequency of administration.

title: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of therapy with @entity5136 containing regimens in the treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively XXXX .

answer: @entity6371 :: (MESH:D018088,Disease) :: ['drug-resistant tuberculosis']


abstract: The heart rate levels and the incidence and types of @entity1540 ( @entity1540 ) during the rehabilitation of 40 @entity1 with @entity453 , were compared with those during 24-hour ambulatory monitoring and during a symptom-limited exercise test. Thirty-six @entity1 were studied 3 months or later after a @entity583 and four @entity1 were studied after coronary bypass surgery. The last @entity1 suffered from moderate @entity951 . Peak heart rates during rehabilitation exceeded those during other activities in 34 out of 40 @entity1 . Half of the @entity1 reached even higher heart rate levels during the exercise test. Twenty-three @entity1 had PVC during rehabilitation; frequent, multiform or repetitive PVC occurred in nine of these. During the exercise test, 24 @entity1 had @entity1540 , while @entity1540 were observed on the ambulatory tape recording in 34 @entity1 . Frequent, multiform, and repetitive @entity1540 occurred in eight @entity1 during exercise testing and in 20 @entity1 during monitoring. No relation was found between either the incidence or the type of @entity2634 in individual @entity1 under these three conditions. Thus, selection of @entity1 with a high risk for @entity943 during rehabilitation is not feasible by either exercise testing or ambulatory tape recording.

title: Heart rate levels and XXXX during cardiac rehabilitation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular complexes', 'PVCs']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity1540 :: (MESH:D018879,Disease) :: ['ventricular ectopic activity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effectiveness and safety of anti- @entity2225 B-cell antibody rituximab (RTX) in the treatment of @entity13592 (MMP). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of six MMP @entity1 receiving RTX with or without concomitant immunosuppression. RTX was administered as a high dose regimen (1000 mg/infusion, day 0 and day 14/cycle). Five @entity1 received more than one cycle. Main outcome measure was the treatment response, defined as complete remission (CR) or partial remission (PR), monitored at 16 and 24 weeks. As secondary outcome measure, drug-related adverse events were evaluated. RESULTS: All @entity1 responded within 16 weeks. Initial treatment response vanished in five of six @entity1 at a mean of 10 months (   4.4 standard deviation [SD]). A second cycle was initiated thereafter (interval 12 months    6.4 SD) resulting in CR in two of five and PR in three of five @entity1 . One @entity1 stabilized only when additional immunosuppression was initiated. Mean follow up was 22 months (   8.2 SD).Two individuals experienced infusion reactions. CONCLUSIONS: Our study adds long-term data to the very limited experience with biologicals in MMP, indicating that RTX is a promising option for @entity1 with @entity1442 . We report for the first time the high dose regimen of RTX applied in a consecutive series.

title: Rituximab preserves vision in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity13592 :: ('MESH:D010390', 'Disease') :: ['ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid']

answer: @entity13592 :: (MESH:D010390,Disease) :: ['ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether or not @entity1 race and ethnicity affect sinonasal @entity5 survival. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective database analysis. SETTING: National @entity5 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database, 1988-2010. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity189 cases were extracted according to site codes and histology recode-broad groupings. The cohort was used to calculate disease-specific survival in regard to race and ethnicity. Extracted data were further analyzed through direct comparisons and multivariable Cox regression models controlling for @entity1 , @entity5 , and treatment characteristics. RESULTS: Unadjusted survival curves for all @entity189 showed poorer disease-specific survival for black versus white @entity1 (P = .02), which was eliminated after controlling for @entity5 characteristics (hazard ratio: 1.02, P = .86). Specifically for @entity957 , significantly poorer disease-specific survival was found for both black (P = .01) and Hispanic (P = .01) @entity1 as compared with white @entity1 . Similarly, when controlling for @entity5 characteristics, the disease-specific survival disparity was eliminated for black (hazard ratio: 0.93, P = .59) and Hispanic @entity1 (hazard ratio: 1.01, P = .94). CONCLUSION: Black race is a risk factor for poorer disease-specific survival when all sinonasal histologic subtypes are examined together. Specifically for @entity957 , both black race and Hispanic ethnicity are risk factors for poorer disease-specific survival. When @entity5 characteristics are controlled for in this cohort, the survival disparity is eliminated, demonstrating that the disparity can be accounted for exclusively by more advanced disease at presentation, opposed to the more complex effect seen in other subsites of the head and neck.

title: XXXX : Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Survival-A Review of 4714 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['sinonasal carcinomas', 'Sinonasal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Cancer']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Sinonasal Carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether or not @entity1 race and ethnicity affect sinonasal @entity5 survival. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective database analysis. SETTING: National @entity5 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database, 1988-2010. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity189 cases were extracted according to site codes and histology recode-broad groupings. The cohort was used to calculate disease-specific survival in regard to race and ethnicity. Extracted data were further analyzed through direct comparisons and multivariable Cox regression models controlling for @entity1 , @entity5 , and treatment characteristics. RESULTS: Unadjusted survival curves for all @entity189 showed poorer disease-specific survival for black versus white @entity1 (P = .02), which was eliminated after controlling for @entity5 characteristics (hazard ratio: 1.02, P = .86). Specifically for @entity957 , significantly poorer disease-specific survival was found for both black (P = .01) and Hispanic (P = .01) @entity1 as compared with white @entity1 . Similarly, when controlling for @entity5 characteristics, the disease-specific survival disparity was eliminated for black (hazard ratio: 0.93, P = .59) and Hispanic @entity1 (hazard ratio: 1.01, P = .94). CONCLUSION: Black race is a risk factor for poorer disease-specific survival when all sinonasal histologic subtypes are examined together. Specifically for @entity957 , both black race and Hispanic ethnicity are risk factors for poorer disease-specific survival. When @entity5 characteristics are controlled for in this cohort, the survival disparity is eliminated, demonstrating that the disparity can be accounted for exclusively by more advanced disease at presentation, opposed to the more complex effect seen in other subsites of the head and neck.

title: @entity189 : Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Survival-A Review of 4714 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity356 and intestinal metaplasia (IM) are @entity1613 in the development of @entity356 . Histopathological assessment is based on the updated Sydney system and superordinate staging systems, operative link on @entity3621 assessment (OLGA) and operative link on @entity3621 assessment using IM (OLGIM), all requiring a biopsy from the incisura angularis (angulus). AIM: To determine the value of the angulus biopsy for the detection of @entity1613 and @entity5 risk evaluation using OLGA and OLGIM prospectively. METHODS: Biopsies from antrum (2), angulus (1) and corpus (2) were obtained from 213 @entity1 (age 19-94   years, median 54   years, female to male ratio 138:75) undergoing upper endoscopy. Histological assessment according to the updated Sydney system, OLGA and OLGIM staging was performed by gastrointestinal pathologists. Statistical analysis used exact confidence limits for dichotomous variables and repeated measurement analysis of variance. RESULTS: 8% of the cases with @entity4726 and 3% with IM (17 vs 6/213) would have been missed without the angulus biopsy. More @entity1 were diagnosed with a @entity1613 when the angulus biopsy was considered (13.1%, CI 8.9% to 18.4%), but the grade of @entity194 , if present at both sides, did not vary significantly in angulus and antrum. OLGA and OLGIM scores dropped significantly when recalculated without the angulus (difference in means  SD 0.131  0.402 and 0.075  0.313, respectively). The impact on the identification of high-risk stages is limited. CONCLUSIONS: The angulus biopsy adds to the detection of mild @entity356 in particular. It allows identifying a small additional number of @entity1 with high-risk @entity3621 .

title: Impact of the angulus biopsy for the detection of gastric @entity1613 and XXXX risk assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4726 :: ('MESH:D005757', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic gastritis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['preneoplastic conditions', 'preneoplastic condition']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Gastric atrophy', 'gastric atrophy']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity356 and intestinal metaplasia (IM) are @entity1613 in the development of @entity356 . Histopathological assessment is based on the updated Sydney system and superordinate staging systems, operative link on @entity3621 assessment (OLGA) and operative link on @entity3621 assessment using IM (OLGIM), all requiring a biopsy from the incisura angularis (angulus). AIM: To determine the value of the angulus biopsy for the detection of @entity1613 and @entity5 risk evaluation using OLGA and OLGIM prospectively. METHODS: Biopsies from antrum (2), angulus (1) and corpus (2) were obtained from 213 @entity1 (age 19-94   years, median 54   years, female to male ratio 138:75) undergoing upper endoscopy. Histological assessment according to the updated Sydney system, OLGA and OLGIM staging was performed by gastrointestinal pathologists. Statistical analysis used exact confidence limits for dichotomous variables and repeated measurement analysis of variance. RESULTS: 8% of the cases with @entity4726 and 3% with IM (17 vs 6/213) would have been missed without the angulus biopsy. More @entity1 were diagnosed with a @entity1613 when the angulus biopsy was considered (13.1%, CI 8.9% to 18.4%), but the grade of @entity194 , if present at both sides, did not vary significantly in angulus and antrum. OLGA and OLGIM scores dropped significantly when recalculated without the angulus (difference in means  SD 0.131  0.402 and 0.075  0.313, respectively). The impact on the identification of high-risk stages is limited. CONCLUSIONS: The angulus biopsy adds to the detection of mild @entity356 in particular. It allows identifying a small additional number of @entity1 with high-risk @entity3621 .

title: Impact of the angulus biopsy for the detection of gastric XXXX and @entity356 risk assessment.

answer: @entity1613 :: (MESH:D011230,Disease) :: ['preneoplastic conditions']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 noroviruses (HuNoVs) are positive-sense RNA viruses that can cause severe, highly infectious @entity1902 . HuNoV outbreaks are frequently associated with recombination between circulating strains. Strain genotyping and phylogenetic analyses show that noroviruses often recombine in a highly conserved region near the junction of the viral polyprotein ( @entity34503 ) and capsid ( @entity65851 ) genes and occasionally within the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) gene. Although genotyping methods are useful for tracking changes in circulating viral populations, they only report the dominant recombinant strains and do not elucidate the frequency or range of recombination events. Furthermore, the relatively low frequency of recombination in RNA viruses has limited studies to cell culture or in vitro systems that do not reflect the complexities and selective pressures present in an infected organism. Using two @entity19 norovirus (MNV) strains to model @entity325 , we developed a microfluidic platform to amplify, detect, and recover individual recombinants following in vitro and in vivo @entity325 . One-step RT-PCR was performed in picoliter drops with primers that identified the wild-type and recombinant progenies and scanned for recombination breakpoints at approximately 1-kb intervals. We detected recombination between MNV strains at multiple loci spanning the viral protease, RdRP, and capsid ORFs and isolated individual recombinant RNA genomes that were present at a frequency of 1/300,000 or greater. This study is the first to examine norovirus recombination following @entity325 of an animal and suggests that the exchange of RNA among viral genomes in the infected host occurs in multiple locations and is an important driver of genetic diversity. IMPORTANCE: RNA viruses increase diversity and escape host immune barriers by genomic recombination. Studies from a number of viral systems indicate that recombination occurs via template switching by the virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP). However, factors that govern the frequency and positions of recombination in an infected organism remain largely unknown. This work leverages advances in the applied physics of drop-based microfluidics to isolate and sequence rare recombinants arising from the @entity325 of @entity19 with two distinct strains of @entity19 norovirus. This report is the first to detect and analyze norovirus recombination in an animal model.

title: Isolation and analysis of rare norovirus recombinants from co-infected XXXX using drop-based microfluidics.

entities_list: @entity1902 :: ('MESH:D005759', 'Disease') :: ['gastroenteritis']

entities_list: @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['co-infection']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the dosimetric and clinical feasibility of volumetric modulated arc based hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (RapidArc) treatment for large @entity5513 ( @entity5427 >10cc). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten @entity5427 @entity1 were immobilized using BrainLab mask. They were subject to multimodality imaging (magnetic resonance and computed tomography) to contour target and organs at risk (brainstem and cochlea). Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) based stereotactic plans were optimized in Eclipse (V11) treatment planning system (TPS) using progressive resolution optimizer-III and final dose calculations were performed using analytical anisotropic algorithm with 1.5 mm grid resolution. All @entity5427 presented in this study were treated with VMAT based HSRT to a total dose of 25Gy in 5 fractions (5fractions/ week). VMAT plan contains 2-4 non-coplanar arcs. Treatment planning was performed to achieve at least 99% of @entity343 volume (D99) receives 100% of prescription dose (25Gy), while dose to OAR's were kept below the tolerance limits. Dose-volume histograms (DVH) were analyzed to assess plan quality. Treatments were delivered using upgraded 6 MV un-flattened photon beam (FFF) from Clinac-iX machine. Extensive pretreatment quality assurance measurements were carried out to report on quality of delivery. Point dosimetry was performed using three different detectors, which includes CC13 ion-chamber, Exradin A14 ion-chamber and Exradin W1 plastic scintillator detector (PSD) which have measuring volume of 0.13 cm3, 0.009 cm3 and 0.002 cm3 respectively. RESULTS: Average @entity343 volume of @entity5427 was 11.3cc (  4.8), and located in eloquent areas. VMAT plans provided complete @entity343 coverage with average conformity index of 1.06 (  0.05). OAR's dose were kept below tolerance limit recommend by American Association of Physicist in Medicine task group-101(brainstem V0.5cc < 23Gy, cochlea maximum < 25Gy and Optic pathway <25Gy). PSD resulted in superior dosimetric accuracy compared with other two detectors (p=0.021 for PSD.

title: Planning and Dosimetric Study of Volumetric Modulated Arc Based Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy for XXXX - 6MV Flattening Filter Free Photon Beam.

entities_list: @entity5513 :: ('MESH:D009464', 'Disease') :: ['acoustic schwannoma']

answer: @entity5513 :: (MESH:D009464,Disease) :: ['Acoustic Schwannoma']


abstract: @entity2583 is an opportunistic @entity364 that is associated with high mortality in immunocompromised individuals. While rhinocerebral and pulmonary forms are most common, primary @entity344 is very uncommon. The stomach is the most commonly affected organ followed by the colon and ileum in alimentary @entity13296 . We report a rare case of invasive @entity356 in a 50-year-old @entity6 gentleman with a history of chronic @entity988 presenting with complaints of @entity158 and distension of the abdomen for 6  days associated with @entity221 , @entity390 , @entity391 and @entity448 . At presentation, he was hemodynamically unstable, febrile with uncontrolled blood sugar level and had negative @entity645 serology. There was generalized guarding, @entity2003 and distension of the abdomen and investigations confirmed perforative @entity298 . Upon exploration, there was solitary large 4   *   4  cm size perforated ulcer in the gastric body with greenish, greyish sloughed out mucosa within. Wedge resection of the ulcer with primary closure was performed. Histopathology revealed aseptate, broad, obtuse angled fungal hyphae, and invasive @entity2583 was confirmed by special stains like Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Gomori's @entity1332 (GMS). Very few cases of invasive @entity356 associated with uncontrolled @entity6 and @entity988 have been reported in the literature. Delayed presentation of the @entity1 along with rapid progression to @entity364 resulted in the case fatality despite early surgical intervention and critical care management.

title: Invasive Gastric XXXX -a Case Report.

entities_list: @entity2583 :: ('MESH:D009091', 'Disease') :: ['mucormycosis', 'Mucormycosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity13296 :: ('MESH:D020096', 'Disease') :: ['zygomycosis']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholism']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal mucormycosis']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal septicaemia', 'fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity1332 :: ('MESH:D008709', 'Chemical') :: ['methenamine silver']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric mucormycosis']

answer: @entity2583 :: (MESH:D009091,Disease) :: ['Mucormycosis']


abstract: Currently little is known about how a mechanically coupled BMI system's actions are integrated into ongoing body dynamics. We tested a locomotor task augmented with a BMI system driving a robot mechanically interacting with a @entity35 under three conditions: control locomotion ( @entity2109 ), "simple elastic load" (E) and "BMI with elastic load" (BMI/E). The effect of the BMI was to allow compensation of the elastic load as a function of the neural drive. Neurons recorded here were close to one another in cortex, all within a 200 micron diameter horizontal distance of one another. The interactions of these close assemblies of neurons may differ from those among neurons at longer distances in BMI tasks and thus are important to explore. A point process @entity3628 ( @entity3628 ), was used to examine connectivity at two different binning timescales (1 ms vs. 10 ms). We used @entity3628 models to fit non-Poisson neural dynamics solely using other neurons' prior neural activity as covariates. Models at different timescales were compared based on Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) goodness-of-fit and parsimony. About 15% of cells with non-Poisson firing were well fitted with the neuron-to-neuron models alone. More such cells were fitted at the 1 ms binning than 10 ms. Positive connection parameters ("excitation" ~70%) exceeded negative parameters ("inhibition" ~30%). Significant connectivity changes in the @entity3628 determined networks of well-fitted neurons occurred between the conditions. However, a common core of connections comprising at least ~15% of connections persisted between any two of the three conditions. Significantly almost twice as many connections were in common between the two load conditions (~27%), compared to between either @entity9420 and the baseline. This local point process @entity3628 identified neural correlation structure and the changes seen across task conditions in the @entity35 in this neural subset may be intrinsic to cortex or due to feedback and input reorganization in adaptation.

title: Adaptation to elastic loads and BMI robot controls during XXXX locomotion examined with point-process GLMs.

entities_list: @entity9420 :: ('MESH:C536761', 'Disease') :: ['load condition']

entities_list: @entity3628 :: ('MESH:D004195', 'Disease') :: ['GLM', 'generalized linear model']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the rate of @entity7109 and resulting @entity1 outcomes after treatment of displaced midshaft @entity174 . METHODS: Skeletally mature @entity1 with isolated, displaced midshaft @entity174 treated with or without surgery over a 16-month period were recruited. The minimum length of follow-up at study examination was 12  months. @entity1 outcomes were documented using the SICK (scapular malposition, inferomedial border prominence, @entity158 and malposition, and dyskinesis of @entity717 ) Scapula Rating Scale, the Simple Shoulder Test, 3 visual analog scales (VAS) for @entity158 , and shoulder range-of-motion and strength measurements. Of the 32 eligible @entity1 , 24 (75%) were successfully recruited. RESULTS: The mean @entity1 age was 46      17 years, with a mean length of follow-up at study evaluation of 1.7      1  years. Surgical fixation was performed in 12 @entity1 (50%). @entity7109 was present in 37.5% of @entity1 (n  =  9). @entity1 with @entity7109 had worse SICK scapula scores (5.8      2.2 vs 3.1     2.4, P  =  .01), worse Simple Shoulder Test scores (10.5      1.6 vs 11.7      0.8, P  =  .029), higher maximum VAS @entity158 scores (4.1      3.1 vs 0.97      1.2, P  =  .002), and worse average VAS @entity158 scores in the week before the examination (2.7      2.5 vs 0.2      0.4, P  <  .001) compared with @entity1 without @entity7109 . Range of motion and abduction strength were similar between the groups. @entity7109 developed in 1 @entity1 treated with surgery (8% [1 of 12]) compared with 8 @entity1 treated nonoperatively (67% [8 of 12]) (P  =  .009). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7109 is common after displaced middle-third @entity174 , and these @entity1 have more @entity158 and worse functional outcomes compared with @entity1 without @entity7109 . Surgical treatment may reduce a @entity1 's risk of @entity7109 developing and improve short-term outcomes.

title: XXXX following displaced @entity174 of the middle clavicle.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'participant', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['clavicle fractures']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'coracoid pain']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['scapular movement']

entities_list: @entity7109 :: ('MESH:C566638', 'Disease') :: ['Scapular dyskinesis', 'scapular dyskinesis']

answer: @entity7109 :: (MESH:C566638,Disease) :: ['Scapular dyskinesis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the rate of @entity7109 and resulting @entity1 outcomes after treatment of displaced midshaft @entity174 . METHODS: Skeletally mature @entity1 with isolated, displaced midshaft @entity174 treated with or without surgery over a 16-month period were recruited. The minimum length of follow-up at study examination was 12  months. @entity1 outcomes were documented using the SICK (scapular malposition, inferomedial border prominence, @entity158 and malposition, and dyskinesis of @entity717 ) Scapula Rating Scale, the Simple Shoulder Test, 3 visual analog scales (VAS) for @entity158 , and shoulder range-of-motion and strength measurements. Of the 32 eligible @entity1 , 24 (75%) were successfully recruited. RESULTS: The mean @entity1 age was 46      17 years, with a mean length of follow-up at study evaluation of 1.7      1  years. Surgical fixation was performed in 12 @entity1 (50%). @entity7109 was present in 37.5% of @entity1 (n  =  9). @entity1 with @entity7109 had worse SICK scapula scores (5.8      2.2 vs 3.1     2.4, P  =  .01), worse Simple Shoulder Test scores (10.5      1.6 vs 11.7      0.8, P  =  .029), higher maximum VAS @entity158 scores (4.1      3.1 vs 0.97      1.2, P  =  .002), and worse average VAS @entity158 scores in the week before the examination (2.7      2.5 vs 0.2      0.4, P  <  .001) compared with @entity1 without @entity7109 . Range of motion and abduction strength were similar between the groups. @entity7109 developed in 1 @entity1 treated with surgery (8% [1 of 12]) compared with 8 @entity1 treated nonoperatively (67% [8 of 12]) (P  =  .009). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7109 is common after displaced middle-third @entity174 , and these @entity1 have more @entity158 and worse functional outcomes compared with @entity1 without @entity7109 . Surgical treatment may reduce a @entity1 's risk of @entity7109 developing and improve short-term outcomes.

title: @entity7109 following displaced XXXX of the middle clavicle.

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: ABSTRACT    Aim: To analyze the clinicopathological features of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) associated with Xp11.2 translocation/ @entity19409 gene fusions (Xp11.2 @entity1358 ) in our institution. MATERIALS _ METHODS: We screened 983 @entity1358 specimens. @entity19409 immunohistochemical staining and FISH assay confirmed 22 Xp11.2 RCCs out of 65 suspicious cases. Clinicopathological and treatment outcomes of 22 @entity1 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 22 @entity1 included 13 females and nine males with a mean age of 27 years. Ten @entity1 showed gross @entity811 . Treatments included surgeries, immunotherapy and molecular-targeted therapy. Seven cases were at stage III/IV and four cases had tumor @entity715 or distant @entity3 . During a median follow-up of 34 months, 19 @entity1 were alive while three died of distant @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Xp11.2 @entity1358 is rare and FISH proved a useful diagnostic tool. Surgical resection achieved favorable outcome for @entity66 . Adult @entity1 at advanced stage had poorer outcomes even with postoperative adjuvant therapy.

title: XXXX associated with Xp11.2 translocation/ @entity19409 gene fusions: clinical experience and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['early disease']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['Renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: ABSTRACT    Aim: To analyze the clinicopathological features of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) associated with Xp11.2 translocation/ @entity19409 gene fusions (Xp11.2 @entity1358 ) in our institution. MATERIALS _ METHODS: We screened 983 @entity1358 specimens. @entity19409 immunohistochemical staining and FISH assay confirmed 22 Xp11.2 RCCs out of 65 suspicious cases. Clinicopathological and treatment outcomes of 22 @entity1 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 22 @entity1 included 13 females and nine males with a mean age of 27 years. Ten @entity1 showed gross @entity811 . Treatments included surgeries, immunotherapy and molecular-targeted therapy. Seven cases were at stage III/IV and four cases had tumor @entity715 or distant @entity3 . During a median follow-up of 34 months, 19 @entity1 were alive while three died of distant @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Xp11.2 @entity1358 is rare and FISH proved a useful diagnostic tool. Surgical resection achieved favorable outcome for @entity66 . Adult @entity1 at advanced stage had poorer outcomes even with postoperative adjuvant therapy.

title: @entity1358 associated with Xp11.2 translocation/ XXXX gene fusions: clinical experience and literature review.

answer: @entity19409 :: (7030,Gene) :: ['TFE3']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) is a public health problem. There is an effort to establish the genetic contributions to the development of @entity27 . One is matrix metalloproteinases, extracellular matrix degrading enzymes related to systemic @entity32 . However, the impact of @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) genotypes on the development of @entity27 is unknown. Our aim was to determine whether @entity1495 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ( @entity1495 @entity15606 ) is related to susceptibility to @entity27 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 106 @entity1 with a history of @entity387 and 88 controls without a history of @entity387 were enrolled in this study. Genotypes were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses after polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Genotypes and allele frequencies of the @entity1495 @entity15606 SNP was not statistically different between the @entity1 and control groups (p  >  0.05). There was a statistical association between @entity27 index (AHI) and body mass index (BMI), and also between AHI and neck circumference (p  <  0.001). There was no association among the genotypes and AHI, neck circumference, or BMI (p  >  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We found no association between @entity1495 @entity15606 SNP and @entity27 . Studies to investigate the role of other polymorphisms and expression of @entity1495 gene will provide more information.

title: Lack of association of XXXX promoter gene polymorphism in obstructive @entity387 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['OSAS', 'apnea-hypopnea', 'Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-9', 'matrix metalloproteinase-9']

answer: @entity1495 :: (4318,Gene) :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-9']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) is a public health problem. There is an effort to establish the genetic contributions to the development of @entity27 . One is matrix metalloproteinases, extracellular matrix degrading enzymes related to systemic @entity32 . However, the impact of @entity1495 ( @entity1495 ) genotypes on the development of @entity27 is unknown. Our aim was to determine whether @entity1495 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ( @entity1495 @entity15606 ) is related to susceptibility to @entity27 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 106 @entity1 with a history of @entity387 and 88 controls without a history of @entity387 were enrolled in this study. Genotypes were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses after polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Genotypes and allele frequencies of the @entity1495 @entity15606 SNP was not statistically different between the @entity1 and control groups (p  >  0.05). There was a statistical association between @entity27 index (AHI) and body mass index (BMI), and also between AHI and neck circumference (p  <  0.001). There was no association among the genotypes and AHI, neck circumference, or BMI (p  >  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We found no association between @entity1495 @entity15606 SNP and @entity27 . Studies to investigate the role of other polymorphisms and expression of @entity1495 gene will provide more information.

title: Lack of association of @entity1495 promoter gene polymorphism in obstructive XXXX .

answer: @entity387 :: (MESH:D012891,Disease) :: ['sleep apnea syndrome']


abstract: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the number of involved lymph nodes (pN), number of removed lymph nodes (RLNs), lymph node ratio (LNR), number of negative lymph nodes (NLNs), and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) in @entity0 @entity1 . The records of 2,515 @entity0 @entity1 who received a mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery were retrospectively reviewed. The log-rank test was used to compare survival curves, and Cox regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors. The median follow-up time was 64.2 months, and the 8-year disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were 74.6% and 82.3%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that pN stage, LNR, number of RLNs, and number of NLNs were significant prognostic factors for DFS and @entity1349 (all, P < 0.05). LODDS was a significant prognostic factor for @entity1349 (P = 0.021). Multivariate analysis indicated that pN stage and the number of NLNs were independent prognostic factors for DFS and @entity1349 . A higher number of NLNs was associated with higher DFS and @entity1349 , and a higher number of involved lymph nodes were associated with poorer DFS and @entity1349 . @entity1 with a NLNs count > 9 had better survival (P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the NLNs count had a prognostic value in @entity1 with different pT stages and different lymph node status (log-rank P < 0.05). For @entity0 , pN stage and NLNs count have a better prognostic value compared to the RLNs count, LNR, and LODDS. Number of negative lymph nodes should be considered for incorporation into staging for @entity0 .

title: Number of negative lymph nodes should be considered for incorporation into staging for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity632 plus @entity786 followed by @entity1311 is a common adjuvant treatment for high-risk @entity0 . It has been associated with @entity358 in several case reports. We describe three @entity1 in whom @entity401 developed immediately after the first @entity1311 exposure and worsened clinically over time. All reported dyspnoea, @entity221 and progressive @entity649 . Imaging revealed diffuse @entity358 . Other causes of @entity1576 were excluded with laboratory work-up, imaging, biopsy studies and results of antibiotic treatment. The @entity1576 was reversed only after administration of high-dose @entity230 , an empirical treatment previously reported to be beneficial in similar cases. Although chemotherapy using concomitant or sequential drugs may make identification of the toxic agent difficult, we noted a clear temporal relationship between exposure to @entity1311 and the development of @entity358 . Furthermore, according to the available literature, it is less likely that a @entity1576 would be caused by either @entity786 or trastuzumab. In conclusion, clinicians should be aware of the potentially life-threatening risk of @entity358 following @entity1311 treatment. If @entity1311 is halted early and the @entity1 has good lung reserve, @entity358 can be reversed with high-dose @entity479 administration.

title: @entity1311 -induced pneumonitis in @entity1 with XXXX : case series and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral pulmonary infiltrates', 'pulmonary toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory decline', 'respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonitis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity632 plus @entity786 followed by @entity1311 is a common adjuvant treatment for high-risk @entity0 . It has been associated with @entity358 in several case reports. We describe three @entity1 in whom @entity401 developed immediately after the first @entity1311 exposure and worsened clinically over time. All reported dyspnoea, @entity221 and progressive @entity649 . Imaging revealed diffuse @entity358 . Other causes of @entity1576 were excluded with laboratory work-up, imaging, biopsy studies and results of antibiotic treatment. The @entity1576 was reversed only after administration of high-dose @entity230 , an empirical treatment previously reported to be beneficial in similar cases. Although chemotherapy using concomitant or sequential drugs may make identification of the toxic agent difficult, we noted a clear temporal relationship between exposure to @entity1311 and the development of @entity358 . Furthermore, according to the available literature, it is less likely that a @entity1576 would be caused by either @entity786 or trastuzumab. In conclusion, clinicians should be aware of the potentially life-threatening risk of @entity358 following @entity1311 treatment. If @entity1311 is halted early and the @entity1 has good lung reserve, @entity358 can be reversed with high-dose @entity479 administration.

title: XXXX -induced pneumonitis in @entity1 with @entity0 : case series and review of the literature.

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['Paclitaxel']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity632 plus @entity786 followed by @entity1311 is a common adjuvant treatment for high-risk @entity0 . It has been associated with @entity358 in several case reports. We describe three @entity1 in whom @entity401 developed immediately after the first @entity1311 exposure and worsened clinically over time. All reported dyspnoea, @entity221 and progressive @entity649 . Imaging revealed diffuse @entity358 . Other causes of @entity1576 were excluded with laboratory work-up, imaging, biopsy studies and results of antibiotic treatment. The @entity1576 was reversed only after administration of high-dose @entity230 , an empirical treatment previously reported to be beneficial in similar cases. Although chemotherapy using concomitant or sequential drugs may make identification of the toxic agent difficult, we noted a clear temporal relationship between exposure to @entity1311 and the development of @entity358 . Furthermore, according to the available literature, it is less likely that a @entity1576 would be caused by either @entity786 or trastuzumab. In conclusion, clinicians should be aware of the potentially life-threatening risk of @entity358 following @entity1311 treatment. If @entity1311 is halted early and the @entity1 has good lung reserve, @entity358 can be reversed with high-dose @entity479 administration.

title: @entity1311 -induced pneumonitis in XXXX with @entity0 : case series and review of the literature.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Comprehensive analysis of alterations in gene expression along with neoplastic transformation in @entity1 cells provides valuable information about the molecular mechanisms underlying transformation. To further address these questions, we performed whole transcriptome analysis to the @entity1 mesenchymal stem cell line, UE6E7T-3, which was immortalized with @entity2215 and @entity1799 E6/E7 genes, in association with progress of transformation in these cells. At early stages of culture, UE6E7T-3 cells preferentially lost one copy of chromosome 13, as previously described; in addition, @entity5 suppressor genes, DNA repair genes, and apoptosis-activating genes were overexpressed. After the loss of chromosome 13, additional @entity74 that drove progressive transformation, were observed. At this stage, the cell line expressed oncogenes as well as genes related to anti-apoptotic functions, cell-cycle progression, and @entity1344 ( @entity1344 ); these pro-tumorigenic changes were concomitant with a decrease in @entity5 suppressor gene expression. At later stages after prolong culture, the cells exhibited chromosome translocations, acquired anchorage-independent growth and @entity7433 in @entity19 , ( @entity242 ) and exhibited increased expression of genes encoding growth factor and DNA repair genes, and decreased expression of adhesion genes. In particular, @entity27362 ( @entity27362 ), which encodes a cell-surface proteoglycan that might be a biomarker for @entity242 , was expressed at high levels in association with transformation. Patched ( @entity2750 ), the cell surface receptor for hedgehog (Hh) signaling, was also significantly overexpressed and co-localized with @entity27362 . Knockdown of @entity27362 expression decreased cell proliferation, suggesting that it plays a key role in growth in U3-DT cells (transformants derived from UE6E7T-3 cells) through the Hh signaling pathway. Thus, the UE6E7T-3 cell culture model is a useful tool for assessing the functional contribution of genes showed by expression profiling to the neoplastic transformation of @entity1 fibroblasts and @entity1 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC).

title: Transcriptional Dynamics of Immortalized XXXX Mesenchymal Stem Cells during Transformation.

entities_list: @entity7433 :: ('MESH:D002471', 'Disease') :: ['tumorigenicity']

entities_list: @entity1799 :: ('333760', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus type 16']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploidy and genetic alterations']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['chromosome instability', 'CIN']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 who are overweight or @entity28 are at risk for @entity532 , including @entity8455 (birth weight >= 4,000   g), that may contribute to breastfeeding initiation failure. This study examined factors associated with breastfeeding initiation among @entity28 @entity1 without @entity6 who delivered macrosomic @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted from 2008 to 2011. Based on prepregnancy body mass index (in kg/m(2)), @entity1 were classified as normal (18-24.9), overweight (25-29.9), @entity28 (30-34.9), @entity28 (35-39.9), and @entity28 (>= 40). Intention to breastfeed was ascertained prenatally, and breastfeeding initiation was defined if at discharge >= 50% of the @entity1 feedings were breastmilk. RESULTS: Twenty-nine percent of the population was overweight, 23% @entity28 , 14% @entity28 , and 12% @entity28 . Intention to breastfeed was similar among normal-weight, overweight, @entity28 @entity1 but was significantly lower for those who were @entity28 (p<0.05). Breastfeeding initiation was 75% for normal-weight, 72% for overweight, 71% for @entity28 , 66% for @entity28 , and 53% for @entity28 @entity1 (p<0.05). Among @entity1 who intended to breastfeed, breastfeeding initiation was uniformly high: 94% for normal-weight, 93% for overweight, 95% for @entity28 , 92% for @entity28 , and 87% for @entity28 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Intention to breastfeed as well as breastfeeding initiation was significantly lower for @entity28 @entity1 . Lack of intention to breastfeed declared during the antepartum period by @entity28 @entity1 highlights a need as well as an opportunity for intervention.

title: Breastfeeding Initiation Among Macrosomic XXXX Born to Obese Nondiabetic Mothers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['very obese', 'obese, and very obese', 'obese', 'extremely obese']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['maternal and neonatal medical complications']

entities_list: @entity8455 :: ('MESH:D005320', 'Disease') :: ['macrosomia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infants']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diagnostic performance of the emotional domain of the VoiSS questionnaire compared with the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS). DESIGN: Cross sectional questionnaire study. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre voice clinic. @entity1 : 210 consecutive voice clinic @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Screening with VoiSS and HADS questionnaires. Paired comparison, correlation, multinomial logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: 177 returned complete datasets. 96 @entity1 (54.2%) had functional @entity7364 and 81(45.8%) had @entity347 . Mean total VoiSS score =39.7/120 (standard deviation (SD) 22.2). Mean emotional VoiSS subscale =7.6/22 (SD 7.5). Mean HAD @entity148 =6.5/21 (SD 5.2) and @entity308 mean =7.1/21 (SD 4.8). There were 35 (20%) borderline @entity308 scores and 30 (17%) scores considered positive for "caseness". There was strong correlation between emotional VoiSS and HADS @entity148 (Spearman's Rho= 0.68, p < .001) and @entity308 (Spearman's Rho= 0.62, p < .001). ROC curve analysis exhibited significant association between emotional VoiSS and HADS "caseness" (area under curve =0.88). In addition functional @entity7364 @entity1 had lower mean VoiSS and HADS scores than @entity1 with  identifiable @entity9257 . CONCLUSION: The VoiSS emotional subscale strongly correlates with HADS @entity148 and @entity308 scores and could be used as a measure of @entity458 . This could allow targeted psychological strategies, without additional psychometric questionnaires. @entity7364 has less association with @entity458 than certain organic laryngological disorders. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Pragmatic detection of XXXX and @entity308 in a prospective cohort of voice outpatient clinic attenders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['HADS depression', 'Depression', 'depression', 'anxiety and/or depression']

entities_list: @entity9257 :: ('MESH:D007818', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity7364 :: ('MESH:D055154', 'Disease') :: ['dysphonia', 'Functional dysphonia']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['organic laryngeal disorders']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diagnostic performance of the emotional domain of the VoiSS questionnaire compared with the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS). DESIGN: Cross sectional questionnaire study. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre voice clinic. @entity1 : 210 consecutive voice clinic @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Screening with VoiSS and HADS questionnaires. Paired comparison, correlation, multinomial logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: 177 returned complete datasets. 96 @entity1 (54.2%) had functional @entity7364 and 81(45.8%) had @entity347 . Mean total VoiSS score =39.7/120 (standard deviation (SD) 22.2). Mean emotional VoiSS subscale =7.6/22 (SD 7.5). Mean HAD @entity148 =6.5/21 (SD 5.2) and @entity308 mean =7.1/21 (SD 4.8). There were 35 (20%) borderline @entity308 scores and 30 (17%) scores considered positive for "caseness". There was strong correlation between emotional VoiSS and HADS @entity148 (Spearman's Rho= 0.68, p < .001) and @entity308 (Spearman's Rho= 0.62, p < .001). ROC curve analysis exhibited significant association between emotional VoiSS and HADS "caseness" (area under curve =0.88). In addition functional @entity7364 @entity1 had lower mean VoiSS and HADS scores than @entity1 with  identifiable @entity9257 . CONCLUSION: The VoiSS emotional subscale strongly correlates with HADS @entity148 and @entity308 scores and could be used as a measure of @entity458 . This could allow targeted psychological strategies, without additional psychometric questionnaires. @entity7364 has less association with @entity458 than certain organic laryngological disorders. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Pragmatic detection of @entity148 and XXXX in a prospective cohort of voice outpatient clinic attenders.

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: @entity788 ( @entity788 ) are a high prevalence disease. It is estimated that about 20% of the general population is affected by @entity788 . Some of those lesions can progress till @entity5 , while others behave in a benign fashion. In @entity4929 of the pancreas can be considered as the pancreatic analogon to @entity1586 . Treatment of these precursor lesions at an early stage can potentially reduce @entity788 mortality and introduce a new "era" of preemptive pancreatic surgery. However, only few of those lesions have an @entity146 . The accuracy of preoperative diagnosis, i.e., the distinction between the various @entity788 is around 60%, and the ability to predict the future outcome is also less accurate. For this reason, a significant number of @entity1 are currently over-treated with an unnecessary, high-risk surgery. Furthermore, the majority of @entity1 with PCN are on life-long follow-up with imaging modality, which has huge cost implications for the Health Care System for limited benefits considering that a significant proportion of @entity788 are or behave like benign lesions. The current guidelines for the diagnosis and management of @entity788 are more based on expert opinion than on evidence. For all those reasons, the management of @entity5 remains a controversial area of pancreatology. On one hand, the detection of @entity788 and the surgical treatment of pre-cancerous @entity5 can be considered a big opportunity to reduce @entity788 related mortality. On the other hand, @entity788 are associated with a considerable risk of under- or over- treatment of @entity1 and incur high costs for the Health Care System.

title: XXXX of the pancreas: Opportunities and risks.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['PCNs', 'pancreatic cancer', 'Pancreatic cystic neoplasms', 'pancreas cancer']

entities_list: @entity4929 :: ('MESH:C565310', 'Disease') :: ['particular intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive behavior']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cystic tumors of the pancreas', 'neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colonic polyps']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cystic tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the past decade, several studies have focused on the treatment needs of female inmates with @entity734 problems. An important finding has been that these @entity1 are more likely to report histories of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse-at rates varying from 77% to 90%. The @entity130 resulting from this kind of abuse is a key contributing factor in @entity146 in adolescence and subsequent delinquency, @entity734 , and criminality in adulthood. METHODS: This was a retrospective clinical study. A convenience sample of 112 @entity1 who entered the program's treatment groups consecutively for one year form part of the study. Information on traumatic events was obtained using some questions from the Initial @entity130 Review. It explores whether the @entity1 experienced physical abuse, @entity458 , disasters, automobile accidents, or witnessed violence under the age of 18. It also examines experiences as an adult, including @entity458 , attacks by others who are not intimate partners, and abuse by authorities. RESULTS: Revictimization in @entity458 was found in 78.1% of @entity1 . Significant differences were identified between @entity1 who had experienced a traumatic sexual event from a @entity1 five years their senior before the age of 18 and then suffered from @entity458 as an adult, and @entity1 who had never undergone either of these events (x(2)   =   11.3, df 112/1, p   =   <.001). In physical abuse, the figure was 82.17%. Differences were observed between @entity1 who were revictimized through physical abuse before and after the age of 18 (x(2)   =   5.91, df 112/1, p   =   <.01), and those who had not experienced any kind of revictimization. Significant differences were found between @entity1 who had suffered a traumatic sexual event as a @entity1 and subsequently physical violence from their parents, and @entity1 who had not undergone either of these events (x(2)   =   3.48, df 112/1, p   =   <.05). CONCLUSIONS: Investment in treatment in these areas during the prison sentence and after release may contribute to preventing these @entity1 from become repeat offenders. Creating sources of work and halfway houses that continue the program to prevent relapses into substance use can help defend the @entity1 rights of this group of @entity1 and achieve social justice.

title: Traumatic experiences and re-victimization of female inmates undergoing treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'human', 'participant', 'person', 'child']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral problems']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual abuse', 'sexual violence', 'sexual and physical abuse']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['substance abuse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thrombomodulin is a thrombin receptor on the endothelial cell surface that plays an important role in the regulation of @entity5642 . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment with recombinant @entity1 soluble thrombomodulin (rhTM) for @entity1 with @entity5642 ( @entity5642 ) associated with gastroenterological surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From April 2011-September 2013, 201 @entity1 with @entity5642 associated with gastroenterological surgery were treated in 16 institutions in Kumamoto, Japan. The @entity1 were diagnosed according to the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine @entity5642 scoring system. The clinical course, mortality rate at 28  d, and adverse events were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Forty-five @entity1 were excluded because they did not meet the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine @entity5642 criteria or had an insufficient duration of drug administration. Thus, 156 @entity1 were analyzed. Of these @entity1 , 107 received rhTM at the discretion of the attending surgeon and 49 did not. The most common reason for surgery in both groups was @entity298 due to perforation of the colon. Within 7  d, the platelet count, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, @entity5642 score, neutrophil count, and @entity1851 level significantly improved in the rhTM group compared with those in the control. Treatment with rhTM was significantly associated with reduced inhospital mortality at 28  d. The incidence of adverse events did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Therapy with rhTM may be associated with reduced inhospital mortality in @entity1 with septic @entity5642 associated with gastroenterological surgery without increasing adverse events.

title: Recombinant soluble thrombomodulin for postoperative disseminated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['DIC', 'septic-disseminated intravascular coagulation', 'intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity5642 :: (MESH:D004211,Disease) :: ['intravascular coagulation']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The Internet is expected to innovate healthcare, in particular @entity1 -centredness of care. Within fertility care, information provision, communication with healthcare providers and support from peers are important components of @entity1 -centred care. An online @entity249 community added to an in vitro fertilisation or IVF clinic's practice provides tools to healthcare providers to meet these. This study's online @entity249 community facilitates peer-to-peer support, information provision to @entity1 and @entity1 provider communication within one clinic. Unfortunately, these interventions often fail to become part of clinical routines. The analysis of a first introduction into usual care can provide lessons for the implementation in everyday health practice. The aim was to explore experiences of professionals and @entity1 with the implementation of an @entity249 community into a clinic's care practice. We performed semi-structured interviews with both professionals and @entity1 to collect these experiences. These interviews were analyzed using the Normalisation Process Model. Assignment of a community manager, multidisciplinary division of tasks, clear instructions to staff in advance and periodical evaluations could contribute to the integration of this online community. Interviews with @entity1 provided insights into the possible impact on daily care. This study provides lessons to healthcare providers on the implementation of an online @entity249 community into their practice.

title: Lessons learned from the implementation of an online XXXX community into an IVF clinic's daily practice.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

answer: @entity249 :: (MESH:D007246,Disease) :: ['infertility']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Anaesthetic preconditioning (APC) and @entity63 preconditioning (IPC) ameliorate @entity409 -reperfusion (I/R) injury and are important for regulating @entity5721 . MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNA molecules of 21-23 @entity2036 in length, and are currently under intensive investigation regarding their ability to regulate gene expression in a wide range of species. miRNA activity is involved in controlling a wide range of biological functions and processes. We evaluated whether APC and IPC are mediated by the same miRNAs by performing comprehensive miRNA screening experiments in a @entity35 model of @entity5721 . Twenty-one @entity35 were randomly divided into three groups (n = 7/group): control (mock preconditioning), APC, and IPC. Control @entity35 were subjected to 60 min of @entity99 followed by 4 h of reperfusion, whereas the APC and IPC groups were preconditioned with 2% @entity2614 and @entity99 for 10 min prior to @entity63 -reperfusion, respectively. Liver samples were collected to measure miRNA levels after 3 h of reperfusion, and gene networks and canonical pathways were identified using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Blood samples were collected to measure the levels of @entity5906 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity3929 aminotransferase (ALT). Although haemodynamic parameters did not vary among the groups, AST and ALT levels were significantly higher in the control group than in the APC and IPC groups. Comprehensive miRNA screening experiments revealed that most miRNAs altered in the APC group were common to those in the IPC group. IPA identified five miRNAs related to the Akt-glycogen synthase kinase-3b ( @entity9096 )- @entity12003 pathway that were significantly affected by both preconditioning strategies. The application of either APC or IPC to ameliorate @entity5721 results in expression of several common miRNAs that are related to the Akt-GSK- @entity12003 pathway.

title: Identical MicroRNAs Regulate Liver Protection during Anaesthetic and Ischemic Preconditioning in XXXX : An animal study.

entities_list: @entity5721 :: ('MESH:D015427', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic I/R injury']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic ischemia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 is thought to be a clonal event whereby a single cell initiates the development of a new @entity5 at a distant site. However the degree to which primary and @entity3 differ on a molecular level remains unclear. To further evaluate these concepts, we used next generation sequencing (NGS) to assess the molecular composition of paired primary and metastatic @entity14 tissue specimens. METHODS: 468 @entity14 samples from a large personalized medicine initiative were assessed by targeted gene sequencing of 1,321 individual genes. Eighteen @entity1 produced genomic profiles for 17 paired primary:metastatic (and 2 metastatic:metastatic) specimens. RESULTS: An average of 33.3 mutations/ @entity5 were concordant (shared) between matched samples, including common well-known genes ( @entity6295 , @entity984 , @entity876 ). An average of 2.3 mutations/ @entity5 were discordant (unshared) among paired sites. @entity984 mutational status was always concordant. The overall concordance rate for mutations was 93.5%; however, nearly all (18/19 (94.7%)) paired @entity5 showed at least one mutational discordance. Mutations were seen in: @entity10484 , the largest gene (5 discordant pairs), @entity71330 , @entity6295 , @entity71535 , @entity33700 , @entity876 , and @entity17731 (2 discordant pairs), @entity2536 , @entity7379 , @entity1594 , @entity26562 , and 66 others (1 discordant pair). CONCLUSIONS: Whereas primary and @entity3 displayed little variance overall, co-evolution produced incremental mutations in both. These results suggest that while biopsy of the @entity5 alone is likely sufficient in the chemotherapy-na  ve @entity1 , additional biopsies of primary or metastatic disease may be necessary to precisely tailor therapy following chemotherapy resistance or insensitivity in order to adequately account for @entity5 evolution.

title: Co-Evolution of Somatic Variation in Primary and Metastatic XXXX May Expand Biopsy Indications in the Molecular Era.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal tumor', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors', 'Metastasis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: Dermatophytes are among the common causes of @entity364 in the community. Classical diagnostic tests for @entity4013 have some disadvantages such as failure of direct microscopy in species differentiation and culture methods being time consuming and having low sensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the identification of dermatophytes directly from the clinical samples and the cultures. A total of 123 samples that comprise 63 skin and 60 nail scrapings obtained from 110 @entity1 (69 female, 41 male; age range: 4-82 years) who were prediagnosed as @entity4013 , were included in the study. Samples were examined with routine direct microscopy, culture and two different nested PCR (nPCR) protocols. The first was a pan-dermatophyte nPCR protocol targeting chitin synthase gene (CHS-1) of dermatophytes and the second was a nPCR protocol which targets specific ITS-1 genes of @entity12734 and @entity12736 . Similar PCR methods were also applied to cultivated strains. Sequence analysis was performed for the samples that yielded positive results in pan-dermatophyte nPCR and negative results in @entity12734 / @entity12736 - specific nPCR. Hyphae and/or spore structures were observed in 62 (50%) samples with direct microscopic examination and dermatophytes were isolated in 30 (24%) samples. Twenty-eight of the isolates grown in culture were identified as @entity12734 , and two as @entity12736 with @entity12734 / @entity12736 -specific nPCR protocol. In direct application, 67 (55%) of the clinical samples were found positive with pan-dermatophyte nPCR and 65 (53%) were positive with @entity12734 / @entity12736 -specific nPCR. Samples which were negative in direct microscopic examination were also negative in culture. Nine of them were found positive with pan-dermatophyte nPCR and eight were positive with @entity12734 / @entity12736 -specific nPCR. Two of the 30 samples which were positive in culture were negative in direct pan-dermatophyte nPCR, and one of them was negative in @entity12734 / @entity12736 -specific nPCR. Three samples which were positive by pan-dermatophyte nPCR, gave negative result with @entity12734 / @entity12736 -specific nPCR. Sequence analysis was performed for these three samples and all were identified as @entity12734 . In evaluation of concordance between the methods, the agreement of direct microscopy and culture was moderate (kappa value; k= 0.48), the agreement of direct microscopy and both protocols of nPCR was high (k= 0.78) and the agreement of both nPCR protocols with each other was excellent (k= 0.93). Our data indicated that two different nPCR methods used for the laboratory diagnosis of @entity4013 yielded higher positivity in less time than the culture method. In conclusion, nPCR was considered to be useful in identification of @entity4013 from either direct clinical samples or culture-isolated strains.

title: [The use of polymerase chain reaction in laboratory diagnosis of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4013 :: ('MESH:D014005', 'Disease') :: ['dermatophytosis']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity12736 :: ('523103', 'Species') :: ['T.mentagrophytes', 'T. mentagrophytes']

entities_list: @entity12734 :: ('5551', 'Species') :: ['Trichophyton rubrum', 'T.rubrum']

answer: @entity4013 :: (MESH:D014005,Disease) :: ['dermatophytosis']


abstract: Between 1968 and 1977 in Austria 38.6 per cent of all deaths due to electricity were caused by high voltages (in the decade before only 23.5 per cent). Victims are mostly middle-aged @entity1 . Three of four victims still die on the scene of accident. Based on 16 cases of fatal high tension electrocution some autopsy findings are discussed from the medico-legal point of view. One of four cases showed entrance and exit points of current resembling "typical" electric marks (as they are known from exposure to domestic voltages). In one case the marks produced by a 20,000 volts overhead-supply were so small that they have been overlooked by the medical examiner. Half the bodies exhibited major surface burns from involvement in electric arcs. About one third of the fatal accidents was accompanied by secondary mechanical @entity130 . Asphyxial findings ( @entity548 in the eyelids and conjunctivae, as well as under the pleura and the epicardium, etc.) were noticed in two cases. Such unspecific signs of suffocation also are met, if @entity204 is caused by domestic voltages (in our material the frequency amounts to 13 per cent). One case-study deals with special morphological findings after long-time exposure to high tension electricity: besides charrings and severance of limbs also fat and @entity3728 into the right ventricle (due to local tissue heating) was observed. By emission spectroscopy of residues on the @entity920 wire @entity460 and @entity3151 originating from melted bones could be detected.

title: [Pathomorphological constellation in XXXX resulting from high voltage electricity].

entities_list: @entity3728 :: ('MESH:D004618', 'Disease') :: ['gas embolism']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['petechial hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3151 :: ('MESH:D010758', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphorus']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors of 30-day readmissions due to ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (ACSCs) for @entity6 Medicare home healthcare beneficiaries in order to improve transition from hospital-based care to home healthcare. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed @entity6 Medicare beneficiaries who received home healthcare within 14 days of hospital discharges in 2009. The unit of analysis is the home health episode for post acute care. METHODS: The conceptual framework was guided by Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services. Data sources included: Medicare Beneficiary Summary File, Medicare Provider Analysis Review, Outcome Assessment Information Set, Home Health Agency Research Identifiable File, Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program Supplemental Data File, Provider of Services File, and Area Health Resources File. The dependent variable was time to first 30-day ACSC-related readmission. Proportional hazards regression was used for the statistical analyses. RESULTS: The 30-day ACSC-related readmission rate was approximately 6% in our study sample, costing the Medicare program about  62 million. Predictors of readmissions due to ACSCs within 30 days of hospital discharge were: being aged 75 to 84 years, being an African American, requiring assistance in medication management, and having 1 or more of the following clinical conditions: congestive @entity712 , @entity1095 , @entity1030 , @entity177 , @entity417 , fluid and electrolyte diseases, @entity308 and/or @entity148 , and pressure or stasis ulcer. @entity1 with @entity1030 or @entity177 had a 40% higher risk of 30-day ACSC-related readmissions than their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: Knowing the risk factors identified above, hospital providers can improve care planning and transition of care to the home healthcare providers.

title: Improving XXXX @entity1 transition to home healthcare: leading risk factors for 30-day readmission.

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency anemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors of 30-day readmissions due to ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (ACSCs) for @entity6 Medicare home healthcare beneficiaries in order to improve transition from hospital-based care to home healthcare. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed @entity6 Medicare beneficiaries who received home healthcare within 14 days of hospital discharges in 2009. The unit of analysis is the home health episode for post acute care. METHODS: The conceptual framework was guided by Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services. Data sources included: Medicare Beneficiary Summary File, Medicare Provider Analysis Review, Outcome Assessment Information Set, Home Health Agency Research Identifiable File, Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program Supplemental Data File, Provider of Services File, and Area Health Resources File. The dependent variable was time to first 30-day ACSC-related readmission. Proportional hazards regression was used for the statistical analyses. RESULTS: The 30-day ACSC-related readmission rate was approximately 6% in our study sample, costing the Medicare program about  62 million. Predictors of readmissions due to ACSCs within 30 days of hospital discharge were: being aged 75 to 84 years, being an African American, requiring assistance in medication management, and having 1 or more of the following clinical conditions: congestive @entity712 , @entity1095 , @entity1030 , @entity177 , @entity417 , fluid and electrolyte diseases, @entity308 and/or @entity148 , and pressure or stasis ulcer. @entity1 with @entity1030 or @entity177 had a 40% higher risk of 30-day ACSC-related readmissions than their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: Knowing the risk factors identified above, hospital providers can improve care planning and transition of care to the home healthcare providers.

title: Improving @entity6 XXXX transition to home healthcare: leading risk factors for 30-day readmission.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: The objective of this study was to develop a high-frequency imaging platform for evaluating @entity1575 in @entity19 based on shear-wave elasticity imaging (SWEI). Although SWEI has been used to diagnose @entity1575 clinically, it is performed at relatively low frequencies (<20 MHz). For preclinical ultrasound imaging in small animals, a high-frequency (>30 MHz) single-element transducer with mechanical scanning is often used. In this study we developed a new SWEI system based on a 40-MHz single-element transducer for imaging and a separate 20-MHz excitation transducer for producing the radiation force and the associated shear waves. @entity1575 was induced in ten C57BL/6 (B6) @entity19 using @entity4314 ; the other ten @entity19 served as the control group. Synchronizing the excitation beam (i.e., the beam from the excitation transducer) and the detection beam sequence (i.e., the beam from the imaging transducer) allows this mechanicalscanning setup to analyze the shear-wave dispersion relation. The liver viscoelastic properties were determined in vivo by measuring the shear-wave dispersion curve followed by fitting to the Voigt model. The @entity19 were then killed and the @entity82 stage was evaluated (from F0 to F4) based on the METAVIR score. The measured mean values of liver elasticity and viscosity, respectively, ranged from 1.06 to 1.89 kPa and from 1.29 to 1.75 Pa   s for normal F0 and @entity82 stages of F3 and F4. The Spearman coefficients for the correlations between the measured elasticity and viscosity at various @entity82 stages as assessed by the METAVIR score were 0.73 (p < 0.001) and 0.634 (p = 0.0013), respectively. We also found that the collagen content in the liver was linearly correlated with the measured elasticity (r(2) = 0.54, p < 0.001) and less strongly with the viscosity (r2 = 0.26, p = 0.022). Finally, the diagnosis performance of high-frequency SWEI was evaluated using multivariate receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. The areas under the multivariate ROC curve for diagnosing @entity82 stages of F >=  3, F = 4, F0 vs. F3, F0 vs. F4, and F3 vs. F4 were 0.9, 0.98, 0.83, 1.0, and 0.96, respectively. Compared with traditional ROC analysis, an improved diagnosis performance was found for diagnosing @entity82 stages of F >=  3 and F0 vs. F3. These results demonstrate that the developed high-frequency SWEI platform can yield quantitative viscoelastic properties for diagnosing various @entity82 stages in @entity19 . It is a promising tool for studying the progression of @entity1575 in preclinical animal models both noninvasively and quantitatively.

title: Shear-wave elasticity imaging of a XXXX @entity19 model using high-frequency ultrasound.

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis', 'hepatic fibrosis', 'Liver fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4314 :: ('MESH:D002251', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon tetrachloride']

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['liver fibrosis']


abstract: The objective of this study was to develop a high-frequency imaging platform for evaluating @entity1575 in @entity19 based on shear-wave elasticity imaging (SWEI). Although SWEI has been used to diagnose @entity1575 clinically, it is performed at relatively low frequencies (<20 MHz). For preclinical ultrasound imaging in small animals, a high-frequency (>30 MHz) single-element transducer with mechanical scanning is often used. In this study we developed a new SWEI system based on a 40-MHz single-element transducer for imaging and a separate 20-MHz excitation transducer for producing the radiation force and the associated shear waves. @entity1575 was induced in ten C57BL/6 (B6) @entity19 using @entity4314 ; the other ten @entity19 served as the control group. Synchronizing the excitation beam (i.e., the beam from the excitation transducer) and the detection beam sequence (i.e., the beam from the imaging transducer) allows this mechanicalscanning setup to analyze the shear-wave dispersion relation. The liver viscoelastic properties were determined in vivo by measuring the shear-wave dispersion curve followed by fitting to the Voigt model. The @entity19 were then killed and the @entity82 stage was evaluated (from F0 to F4) based on the METAVIR score. The measured mean values of liver elasticity and viscosity, respectively, ranged from 1.06 to 1.89 kPa and from 1.29 to 1.75 Pa   s for normal F0 and @entity82 stages of F3 and F4. The Spearman coefficients for the correlations between the measured elasticity and viscosity at various @entity82 stages as assessed by the METAVIR score were 0.73 (p < 0.001) and 0.634 (p = 0.0013), respectively. We also found that the collagen content in the liver was linearly correlated with the measured elasticity (r(2) = 0.54, p < 0.001) and less strongly with the viscosity (r2 = 0.26, p = 0.022). Finally, the diagnosis performance of high-frequency SWEI was evaluated using multivariate receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. The areas under the multivariate ROC curve for diagnosing @entity82 stages of F >=  3, F = 4, F0 vs. F3, F0 vs. F4, and F3 vs. F4 were 0.9, 0.98, 0.83, 1.0, and 0.96, respectively. Compared with traditional ROC analysis, an improved diagnosis performance was found for diagnosing @entity82 stages of F >=  3 and F0 vs. F3. These results demonstrate that the developed high-frequency SWEI platform can yield quantitative viscoelastic properties for diagnosing various @entity82 stages in @entity19 . It is a promising tool for studying the progression of @entity1575 in preclinical animal models both noninvasively and quantitatively.

title: Shear-wave elasticity imaging of a @entity1575 XXXX model using high-frequency ultrasound.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: As one of the three West African countries highly affected by the 2014-2015 @entity2598 , Liberia reported approximately 10,000 cases. The @entity2598 in Liberia was marked by intense urban transmission, multiple community outbreaks with source cases occurring in @entity1 coming from the urban areas, and outbreaks in health care facilities (HCFs). This report, based on data from routine case investigations and contact tracing, describes efforts to stop the last known chain of Ebola transmission in Liberia. The index @entity1 became ill on December 29, 2014, and the last of 21 associated cases was in a @entity1 admitted into an Ebola treatment unit (ETU) on February 18, 2015. The chain of transmission was stopped because of early detection of new cases; identification, monitoring, and support of contacts in acceptable settings; effective triage within the health care system; and rapid isolation of symptomatic contacts. In addition, a "sector" approach, which divided Montserrado County into geographic units, facilitated the ability of response teams to rapidly respond to community needs. In the final stages of the outbreak, intensive coordination among partners and engagement of community leaders were needed to stop transmission in densely populated Montserrado County. A companion report describes the efforts to enhance infection prevention and control efforts in HCFs. After February 19, no additional clusters of Ebola cases have been detected in Liberia. On May 9, the World Health Organization declared the end of the Ebola outbreak in Liberia.

title: Controlling the last known XXXX - Liberia, January-February 2015.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2598 :: ('MESH:D019142', 'Disease') :: ['Ebola virus disease (Ebola) epidemic', 'Ebola epidemic']

answer: @entity2598 :: (MESH:D019142,Disease) :: ['cluster of Ebola virus disease']