abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of short, single  -stranded nucleic acids, which have been investigated as potential molecular markers for various types of @entity5 . The gold  -standard and most sensitive method for comparing miRNA levels in @entity5 tissues is reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). This technique uses stably expressed genes for normalisation. The aim of the present study was to improve this model of analysis in the context of RT  -qPCR results. A total of six known miRNAs (let  -7a, @entity12425 , @entity13825 , @entity6557 , miR  -125b and @entity21275 ), @entity60709 RNA and five mRNAs [erb  -b2 receptor @entity4149 kinase  2 ( @entity1722 ), @entity56256 synthase and polymerase (RNA)  II (DNA directed) polypeptide A] were analysed pair  -wise, in order to determine which biomarker pairs best correlated with the histological groups of 27  @entity0 samples. The lowest P  -values and the highest area under the curve values in the receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to select the optimum ratios for discrimination among groups. Among the 21 pairs, @entity12425 / @entity13825 and @entity6557 / @entity60709 best discriminated three groups of samples with different @entity5 grades (G  classification). miR  -125b/ @entity21275 best discriminated two groups of samples with different @entity5 sizes (pT), let  -7a/ @entity60709 best discriminated two groups of samples with different lymph node status (pN), and let  -7a/miR  -125b best discriminated groups of samples with negative and positive @entity2931 and @entity1420 receptor status. No pair of miRNAs was found to discriminate well between groups with either a negative or positive @entity1 @entity1722 ( @entity1722 ) status. However, one miRNA/mRNA pair, @entity6557 / @entity1722 , discriminated @entity1722  -negative from @entity1722  -positive groups. The @entity0 samples investigated in the present study were grouped by immunohistological methods into three molecular classes: Luminal, @entity1722 positive and basal (L, H and B, respectively). In order to discern L from H and L from B, two miRNA pairs were selected: @entity6557 /miR  -125b and @entity6557 / @entity21275 . In conclusion, the pair  -wise method of RT  -qPCR data analysis may be a reasonable alternative to the standard method of using stably expressed reference genes, such as @entity60709 RNA, for normalisation. This method may increase the classification power of miRNA biomarkers in @entity0 diagnostics.

title: Relative levels of let  -7a, @entity12425 , @entity13825 , XXXX , miR  -125b and @entity21275 as potential molecular markers to evaluate grade, receptor status and molecular type in @entity0 .

answer: @entity6557 :: (406910,Gene) :: ['miR  -125a']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of short, single  -stranded nucleic acids, which have been investigated as potential molecular markers for various types of @entity5 . The gold  -standard and most sensitive method for comparing miRNA levels in @entity5 tissues is reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). This technique uses stably expressed genes for normalisation. The aim of the present study was to improve this model of analysis in the context of RT  -qPCR results. A total of six known miRNAs (let  -7a, @entity12425 , @entity13825 , @entity6557 , miR  -125b and @entity21275 ), @entity60709 RNA and five mRNAs [erb  -b2 receptor @entity4149 kinase  2 ( @entity1722 ), @entity56256 synthase and polymerase (RNA)  II (DNA directed) polypeptide A] were analysed pair  -wise, in order to determine which biomarker pairs best correlated with the histological groups of 27  @entity0 samples. The lowest P  -values and the highest area under the curve values in the receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to select the optimum ratios for discrimination among groups. Among the 21 pairs, @entity12425 / @entity13825 and @entity6557 / @entity60709 best discriminated three groups of samples with different @entity5 grades (G  classification). miR  -125b/ @entity21275 best discriminated two groups of samples with different @entity5 sizes (pT), let  -7a/ @entity60709 best discriminated two groups of samples with different lymph node status (pN), and let  -7a/miR  -125b best discriminated groups of samples with negative and positive @entity2931 and @entity1420 receptor status. No pair of miRNAs was found to discriminate well between groups with either a negative or positive @entity1 @entity1722 ( @entity1722 ) status. However, one miRNA/mRNA pair, @entity6557 / @entity1722 , discriminated @entity1722  -negative from @entity1722  -positive groups. The @entity0 samples investigated in the present study were grouped by immunohistological methods into three molecular classes: Luminal, @entity1722 positive and basal (L, H and B, respectively). In order to discern L from H and L from B, two miRNA pairs were selected: @entity6557 /miR  -125b and @entity6557 / @entity21275 . In conclusion, the pair  -wise method of RT  -qPCR data analysis may be a reasonable alternative to the standard method of using stably expressed reference genes, such as @entity60709 RNA, for normalisation. This method may increase the classification power of miRNA biomarkers in @entity0 diagnostics.

title: Relative levels of let  -7a, @entity12425 , @entity13825 , @entity6557 , miR  -125b and @entity21275 as potential molecular markers to evaluate grade, receptor status and molecular type in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity56256 :: ('MESH:C024393', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxymethylbilane']

entities_list: @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['ERBB2', 'epidermal growth factor receptor  2', 'HER2']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Combination of @entity1215 and @entity206 ( @entity1597 ) has been suggested as a means of preventing the emergence of bacterial resistance to the individual agents and of achieving synergistic antimicrobial activity. By means of standard techniques of antimicrobial susceptibility testing, combinations of @entity1215 and @entity1597 were tested against clinical isolates of a variety of aerobic bacteria. Synergism was defined as a fourfold or greater decrease in the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the more active agent in the combination. Antagonism was defined as a fourfold or greater increase in the MIC of the more active agent. No change or, at most, a twofold change was considered to represent indifference. Combinations of @entity1215 and @entity1597 in ratios of 7:1, 7:2, and 1:1 demonstrated synergistic activity against 12%, 13%, and 28% of 440 isolates, respectively. Antagonism was observed in 10%, 9%, and 8% of strains tested against the above ratios. Killing curves determined with selected organisms failed to demonstrate synergistic antibacterial activity. Combinations of @entity1215 and @entity1597 failed to prevent the emergence of resistance to both drugs when selected strains of various bacteria were exposed to serial, subinhibitory concentrations. Thus, synergism of @entity1215 and @entity1597 was observed in only a minority of strains tested, and combination of the two agents failed to prevent the emergence of drug resistance in vitro.

title: Interactions of XXXX and @entity206 in vitro.

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

answer: @entity1215 :: (MESH:D012293,Chemical) :: ['rifampin']


abstract: Combination of @entity1215 and @entity206 ( @entity1597 ) has been suggested as a means of preventing the emergence of bacterial resistance to the individual agents and of achieving synergistic antimicrobial activity. By means of standard techniques of antimicrobial susceptibility testing, combinations of @entity1215 and @entity1597 were tested against clinical isolates of a variety of aerobic bacteria. Synergism was defined as a fourfold or greater decrease in the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the more active agent in the combination. Antagonism was defined as a fourfold or greater increase in the MIC of the more active agent. No change or, at most, a twofold change was considered to represent indifference. Combinations of @entity1215 and @entity1597 in ratios of 7:1, 7:2, and 1:1 demonstrated synergistic activity against 12%, 13%, and 28% of 440 isolates, respectively. Antagonism was observed in 10%, 9%, and 8% of strains tested against the above ratios. Killing curves determined with selected organisms failed to demonstrate synergistic antibacterial activity. Combinations of @entity1215 and @entity1597 failed to prevent the emergence of resistance to both drugs when selected strains of various bacteria were exposed to serial, subinhibitory concentrations. Thus, synergism of @entity1215 and @entity1597 was observed in only a minority of strains tested, and combination of the two agents failed to prevent the emergence of drug resistance in vitro.

title: Interactions of @entity1215 and XXXX in vitro.

answer: @entity206 :: (MESH:D014295,Chemical) :: ['trimethoprim']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Calorie intake and diet quality are influenced by the source of food and the place of consumption. This study examines the impacts of fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption on daily energy and nutrient intakes in US adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Nationally representative data of 18,098 adults 18 years of age and above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010 waves were analyzed. Outcomes included daily intake of total calories and 24 nutrients of public health concern. The key predictors were any food/beverage consumption in a day from fast-food or full-service restaurant, differentiated by consumption at home versus away from home. First-difference estimator addressed confounding bias from time-invariant unobservables such as personal food/beverage preferences by using within-individual variations in diet and restaurant consumption status between two nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls. RESULTS: @entity1907 , respectively, were associated with a net increase in daily total @entity1386 .61 and 9.58   g, saturated fat of 3.49 and 2.46   g, @entity165 of 10.34 and 57.90   mg, and @entity1372 of 297.47 and 411.92   mg. The impact of fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption on energy and nutrient intakes differed by sex, race/ethnicity, education, income and weight status. Increased total energy, total fat, saturated fat, @entity165 and @entity1372 intake were substantially larger when full-service restaurant food was consumed away from home than at home. CONCLUSIONS: A holistic policy intervention is warranted to target the American's overall dining-out behavior rather than fast-food consumption alone.

title: XXXX and daily energy and nutrient intakes in US adults.

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['energy intake of 190.29 and 186.74   kcal, total fat of 10']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['Fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption']

answer: @entity1907 :: (MESH:D014397,Disease) :: ['Fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective was to characterize the variations in practice in the diagnosis and management of @entity1 admitted to hospitals from Canadian pediatric emergency departments (EDs) with suspected @entity698 , specifically the timing of surgical intervention, ED investigations, and management strategies. METHODS: Twelve sites participated in this retrospective health record review. @entity1 aged 3 to 17  years admitted to the hospital with suspected @entity698 were eligible. Site-specific demographics, investigations, and interventions performed were recorded and compared. Factors associated with after-hours surgery were determined using generalized estimating equations logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 619 @entity1 meeting eligibility criteria, surgical intervention was performed in 547 (88%). After-hours surgery occurred in 76 of the 547 @entity1 , with significant variation across sites (13.9%, 95% confidence interval  =  7.1% to 21.6%, p  <  0.001). The overall perforation rate was 17.4% (95 of 547), and the negative appendectomy rate was 6.8% (37 of 547), varying across sites (p  =  0.004 and p  =  0.036, respectively). Use of inflammatory markers (p  <  0.001), blood cultures (p  <  0.001), ultrasound (p  =  0.001), and computed tomography (p  =  0.001) also varied by site. ED administration of narcotic analgesia and antibiotics varied across sites (p  <  0.001 and p  =  0.001, respectively), as did the type of surgical approach (p  <  0.001). After-hours triage had a significant inverse association with after-hours surgery (p  =  0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Across Canadian pediatric EDs, there exists significant variation in the diagnosis and management of @entity1 with suspected @entity698 . These results indicate that the best diagnostic and management strategies remain unclear and support the need for future prospective, multicenter studies to identify strategies associated with optimal @entity1 outcomes.

title: Variation in the Diagnosis and Management of XXXX at Canadian Pediatric Hospitals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity698 :: ('MESH:D001064', 'Disease') :: ['appendicitis']

answer: @entity698 :: (MESH:D001064,Disease) :: ['Appendicitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of two different @entity4184 formulations (effervescent tablet for orodispersible use ( @entity3991 ) and viscous suspension (BVS)) with different daily dosages for short-term treatment of @entity1712 ( @entity1712 ). DESIGN: Adults with active @entity1712 (n=76) randomly received 14   days' treatment with either @entity3991 2*1   mg/day ( @entity71300 , n=19) or @entity3991 2*2   mg/day (BET2, n=19), or BVS 2*5   mL (0.4   mg/mL)/day (BVS, n=19) or placebo (n=19) in a double-blind, double-dummy fashion, with a 2-week follow-up. Primary end point was histological remission (mean of <16   eosinophils/mm(2   )hpf). Secondary end points included endoscopy score, @entity1282 score, drug safety and @entity1 's preference for drug formulation. RESULTS: Histological remission occurred in 100%, 94.7% and 94.7% of @entity4184 ( @entity71300 , BET2, BVS, respectively) and in 0% of placebo recipients (p<0.0001). The improvement in total endoscopic intensity score was significantly higher in the three @entity4184 groups compared with placebo. @entity1282 improved in all groups at the end of treatment; however, improvement of @entity1282 persisted only in those treated with @entity71300 (p=0.0196 vs placebo). There were no serious adverse events. Local @entity364 (stained fungi) occurred in two @entity1 of each @entity4184 group (10.5%). The effervescent tablet was preferred by 80% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity3991 or BVS was highly effective and safe for short-term treatment of @entity1712 . The 1   mg (twice daily) dosage was equally effective as the 2   mg twice daily dosage. The majority of @entity1 preferred the effervescent tablet formulation. CLINICALTRIALSGOV NUMBER: NCT02280616; EudraCT number, 2009-016692-29.

title: A randomised, double-blind trial comparing XXXX formulations and dosages for short-term treatment of @entity1712 .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic oesophagitis', 'EoE']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['budesonide']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia', 'dysphagia']

answer: @entity4184 :: (MESH:D019819,Chemical) :: ['budesonide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of two different @entity4184 formulations (effervescent tablet for orodispersible use ( @entity3991 ) and viscous suspension (BVS)) with different daily dosages for short-term treatment of @entity1712 ( @entity1712 ). DESIGN: Adults with active @entity1712 (n=76) randomly received 14   days' treatment with either @entity3991 2*1   mg/day ( @entity71300 , n=19) or @entity3991 2*2   mg/day (BET2, n=19), or BVS 2*5   mL (0.4   mg/mL)/day (BVS, n=19) or placebo (n=19) in a double-blind, double-dummy fashion, with a 2-week follow-up. Primary end point was histological remission (mean of <16   eosinophils/mm(2   )hpf). Secondary end points included endoscopy score, @entity1282 score, drug safety and @entity1 's preference for drug formulation. RESULTS: Histological remission occurred in 100%, 94.7% and 94.7% of @entity4184 ( @entity71300 , BET2, BVS, respectively) and in 0% of placebo recipients (p<0.0001). The improvement in total endoscopic intensity score was significantly higher in the three @entity4184 groups compared with placebo. @entity1282 improved in all groups at the end of treatment; however, improvement of @entity1282 persisted only in those treated with @entity71300 (p=0.0196 vs placebo). There were no serious adverse events. Local @entity364 (stained fungi) occurred in two @entity1 of each @entity4184 group (10.5%). The effervescent tablet was preferred by 80% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity3991 or BVS was highly effective and safe for short-term treatment of @entity1712 . The 1   mg (twice daily) dosage was equally effective as the 2   mg twice daily dosage. The majority of @entity1 preferred the effervescent tablet formulation. CLINICALTRIALSGOV NUMBER: NCT02280616; EudraCT number, 2009-016692-29.

title: A randomised, double-blind trial comparing @entity4184 formulations and dosages for short-term treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1712 :: (MESH:D004802,Disease) :: ['eosinophilic oesophagitis']


abstract: @entity842 (NO) and endothelin (ET) produced in endothelial cells are leading molecules which regulate vascular function. Failure of the physiological balance between these two molecules is usually referred to as @entity409 . ET was initially identified as a potent vasoconstrictive peptide. Three ET isoforms and two ET receptors have been identified. One of the isoforms, @entity2232 , plays a significant role in many @entity65 . On the other hand, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is known to induce @entity409 . The endothelial receptor for oxLDL was cloned, and named @entity4493 ( @entity4493 ). Activation of @entity4493 generates reactive @entity26 species (ROS), and acivates a transcriptional factor, nuclear factor kB (NFkB), resulting in down-regulation of NO and up-regulation of @entity2232 . @entity4493 might be a key molecule in the generation of @entity409 . In @entity409 , @entity2232 is an aggravating factor of @entity65 .

title: Endothelin and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity4493 :: ('4973', 'Gene') :: ['lectin-like oxidized receptor-1', 'LOX-1']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['endothelial dysfunction']


abstract: Chronic @entity8442 is often classified as idiopathic. The condition is associated with poor quality of life and high morbidity, and treatment options are often unsatisfactory. A case of chronic @entity8442 in a 66-year-old @entity1 , presenting with back and @entity490 , urinary retention and severe @entity1142 is described. The @entity1 lived in an area in which @entity3001 is endemic and had been bitten by ixodes ticks. Intrathecal synthesis of anti- @entity12732 IgM and IgG and lymphocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid was found, consistent with chronic @entity9144 since symptoms had lasted for more than six months. The @entity1 's gastrointestinal function recovered and the @entity158 subsided significantly following treatment with antibiotics. @entity9144 ( @entity9144 ) often results in palsy, but rarely affects the autonomic nervous system. Three @entity1 have been described with @entity8442 due to acute @entity9144 . However, this is the first described case of @entity8442 due to chronic @entity9144 . @entity9144 must be suspected in @entity1 with @entity8442 , in particular in @entity1 who have been bitten by an ixodes tick and in @entity1 living in an endemic area.

title: Intestinal Pseudoobstruction Caused by XXXX . A Case Report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3001 :: ('MESH:D008193', 'Disease') :: ['Lyme disease']

entities_list: @entity9144 :: ('MESH:D020852', 'Disease') :: ['Lyme neuroborreliosis', 'LNB']

entities_list: @entity8442 :: ('MESH:D007418', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal pseudoobstruction']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

answer: @entity9144 :: (MESH:D020852,Disease) :: ['Chronic Lyme Neuroborreliosis']


abstract: In general, surgery is recommended for calcificated @entity924 of the shoulder if the @entity1 have symptoms after conservative treatments, including needle aspiration and physical therapy. Many researchers agree about the need for adequate physical therapy consisting of range of motion exercise, muscle strengthening exercises and electrophysical agents. Some researchers report that ultrasound (u/s) promotes angiogenesis and @entity460 uptake to fibroblasts, but there are few studies about u/s effects on calcificated @entity924 of the shoulder. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the u/s therapy effect on @entity730 , @entity158 during active movement, and to identify factors related to improvement in a randomized controlled fashion. We used the stratified random allocation method to assign 40 consecutive @entity1 to experimental and control groups, so each group consisted of 20 @entity1 . The experimental group was treated by u/s therapy and therapeutic exercises, and the control group was treated with therapeutic exercises only. All @entity1 in both groups came to our department 3 times per week and u/s therapy was performed 3 times per week until the end of the study. First, we classified the calcifications as type I (clearly circumscribed and with dense appearance on radiography), type II (dense or clearly circumscribed appearance) and type III (translucent or cloudy appearance without clear circumscription) according to the classification of Gartner and Heyer. Radiography was performed every one month, and the main outcome measure was the change from the base-line of the @entity730 on radiography at the end of the treatment. The three point scale of Gartner and Heyer was used, in which a score of 1 indicates no change or a worsening of the condition, a score of 2 a decrease of at least 50 percent in the area and density of the @entity730 , and a score of 3 a complete resolution of the @entity730 . We also examined the affected shoulders for presence or absence of @entity158 in active movement at the start and at the end of the study. The calcifications improved significantly and fewer @entity1 had @entity158 during active movement in the experimental group. There was a statistical significant disease duration difference from the first clinical presentation between scores 2 and 3 in the experimental group. The results of this study suggest that u/s therapy helps to resolve calcifications of shorter disease duration. Calcifications of longer disease duration tended to persist in spite of u/s therapy, but we thought treatment of 27-38 times (95% CI), until score 2 was attained, was a desirable strategy.

title: Effects of ultrasound therapy on calcificated XXXX of the shoulder.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendinitis']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['tendinitis']


abstract: Clinical and neuropsychological findings, EEG, and several blood and CSF parameters were investigated in 36 @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and 35 @entity1 with @entity195 of @entity195 (SDAT). There were more @entity1 among senile @entity1 and more familial cases among presenile @entity1 . The average duration of the symptoms was longer in presenile @entity1 (6.1 years) than in senile @entity1 (3.9 years). This could be due to the lower resistance to the disease process in the senile group. @entity21 , @entity2003 , were found in over 60% of all @entity1 and in practically all @entity1 with advanced @entity303 . @entity400 was found in three @entity1 only. Four presenile (11%) and two senile (6%) @entity1 had @entity302 . All @entity1 had abnormal EEG recordings, mainly in form of @entity73 . A positive correlation was found between the EEG abnormality and the severity of @entity303 in @entity195 but not in SDAT. However, the difference between the correlation coefficients in @entity195 and SDAT was insignificant. Between EEG and the duration of the disease there was no correlation. EEG was not more abnormal in very severe @entity303 than in severe @entity303 . Other findings were similar in @entity195 and SDAT. It is concluded that it is artificial to separate @entity195 and SDAT at the age of 65 and that they clinically compose a single entity. This entity could well be called @entity195 .

title: @entity195 and @entity195 of XXXX . A comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['especially rigidity']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse slowing']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizures']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease", 'Alzheimer type', 'senile dementia']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['Extrapyramidal signs']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer type']


abstract: Clinical and neuropsychological findings, EEG, and several blood and CSF parameters were investigated in 36 @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and 35 @entity1 with @entity195 of @entity195 (SDAT). There were more @entity1 among senile @entity1 and more familial cases among presenile @entity1 . The average duration of the symptoms was longer in presenile @entity1 (6.1 years) than in senile @entity1 (3.9 years). This could be due to the lower resistance to the disease process in the senile group. @entity21 , @entity2003 , were found in over 60% of all @entity1 and in practically all @entity1 with advanced @entity303 . @entity400 was found in three @entity1 only. Four presenile (11%) and two senile (6%) @entity1 had @entity302 . All @entity1 had abnormal EEG recordings, mainly in form of @entity73 . A positive correlation was found between the EEG abnormality and the severity of @entity303 in @entity195 but not in SDAT. However, the difference between the correlation coefficients in @entity195 and SDAT was insignificant. Between EEG and the duration of the disease there was no correlation. EEG was not more abnormal in very severe @entity303 than in severe @entity303 . Other findings were similar in @entity195 and SDAT. It is concluded that it is artificial to separate @entity195 and SDAT at the age of 65 and that they clinically compose a single entity. This entity could well be called @entity195 .

title: @entity195 and XXXX of @entity195 . A comparative study.

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['senile dementia']


abstract: Clinical and neuropsychological findings, EEG, and several blood and CSF parameters were investigated in 36 @entity1 with @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and 35 @entity1 with @entity195 of @entity195 (SDAT). There were more @entity1 among senile @entity1 and more familial cases among presenile @entity1 . The average duration of the symptoms was longer in presenile @entity1 (6.1 years) than in senile @entity1 (3.9 years). This could be due to the lower resistance to the disease process in the senile group. @entity21 , @entity2003 , were found in over 60% of all @entity1 and in practically all @entity1 with advanced @entity303 . @entity400 was found in three @entity1 only. Four presenile (11%) and two senile (6%) @entity1 had @entity302 . All @entity1 had abnormal EEG recordings, mainly in form of @entity73 . A positive correlation was found between the EEG abnormality and the severity of @entity303 in @entity195 but not in SDAT. However, the difference between the correlation coefficients in @entity195 and SDAT was insignificant. Between EEG and the duration of the disease there was no correlation. EEG was not more abnormal in very severe @entity303 than in severe @entity303 . Other findings were similar in @entity195 and SDAT. It is concluded that it is artificial to separate @entity195 and SDAT at the age of 65 and that they clinically compose a single entity. This entity could well be called @entity195 .

title: XXXX and @entity195 of @entity195 . A comparative study.

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: The visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and neuro-ophthalmological examinations of 134 @entity1 were compared. The VEPs were abnormal in 95% of the eyes with @entity7995 . @entity3641 was found in 99%, @entity227 in 88%, @entity227 in 66% and an afferent @entity2300 in 55%. 29 @entity1 with @entity7995 were followed up with repeated tests. VEPs and color vision recovered more slowly than visual acuity and visual field. Abnormal VEPs were observed in 68% of 50 @entity15 @entity1 . An analysis of symptomatic and asymptomatic eyes showed that testing of color vision, visual field and red-free ophthalmoscopy were equally as useful diagnostic tools as VEPs. 4 (8%) of the @entity15 @entity1 had abnormal VEPs despite a normal neuro-ophthalmological examination; 94% of @entity15 @entity1 with symptoms and 47% of @entity15 @entity1 without visual symptoms had abnormal VEPs. VEPs were pathological in 59% of 24 @entity1 with traumatic or compressive @entity1781 or optic atrophies of unknown etiology. The neuro-ophthalmological examination was more sensitive than VEPs in the diagnosis of these disorders. A neuro-ophthalmological examination is in most cases sufficient to diagnose @entity1781 . VEPs are of diagnostic aid especially in mild @entity1781 .

title: Do visual evoked potentials give relevant information to the neuro-ophthalmological examination in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['decreased vision', 'visual field defects']

entities_list: @entity7995 :: ('MESH:D009902', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuritis']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve diseases', 'optic nerve lesions']

entities_list: @entity2300 :: ('MESH:D011681', 'Disease') :: ['pupillary defect']

entities_list: @entity3641 :: ('MESH:D003117', 'Disease') :: ['Defective color vision']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['optic nerve lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7736 and @entity9643 are widespread foodborne @entity2439 , affecting millions of @entity1 in more than 75 countries. The treatment of choice for these @entity4801 is based on @entity31867 , a @entity9158 derivative which has been suggested as a promising drug to treat pregnant @entity1 and @entity1 . However, at the moment, this drug is not approved for @entity1 use in most countries. Its potential adverse effects on embryonic development have been scarcely studied, and it has not been assigned a pregnancy category by the FDA. Thus, to help in the process of risk-benefit decision making upon @entity31867 treatment during pregnancy, a better characterization of its risks during gestation is needed. METHODOLOGY: The @entity3392 embryo test, a preimplantation and a postimplantation rodent whole embryo culture were used to investigate the potential embryotoxicity/teratogenicity of @entity31867 and its first metabolite @entity71301 . @entity3753 and @entity37472 were included as positive controls. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: @entity31867 was between 10 and 250 times less potent than @entity3753 in inducing dysmorphogenic effects in @entity3392 or postimplantation rodent embryos, respectively. However, during the preimplantation period, both compounds, @entity31867 and @entity71301 , induced a dose-dependent embryolethal effect after only 24 h of exposure in rodent embryos and @entity3392 (lowest observed adverse effect concentrations = 10  M). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In @entity1 , after ingestion of the recommended doses of @entity31867 to treat @entity7736 and @entity9643 (10 mg/kg), the main compound found in plasma is @entity71301 (maximum concentration 38.6  M), while @entity31867 concentrations are approximately 30 times lower (1.16  M). From our results it can be concluded that @entity31867 , at concentrations of the same order of magnitude as the clinically relevant ones, does not entail teratogenic potential in vitro during the organogenesis period, but its first metabolite @entity71301 has a high embryotoxic capacity in vitro during the preimplantation stage.

title: @entity71301 Causes Stage-Dependent Embryolethality in XXXX and Mouse In Vitro.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'humans', 'human', 'people']

entities_list: @entity71301 :: ('MESH:C085104', 'Chemical') :: ['triclabendazole sulfoxide']

entities_list: @entity3753 :: ('MESH:D015766', 'Chemical') :: ['albendazole', 'Albendazole']

entities_list: @entity37472 :: ('MESH:C027186', 'Chemical') :: ['albendazole sulfoxide']

entities_list: @entity9158 :: ('MESH:C031000', 'Chemical') :: ['benzimidazole']

entities_list: @entity31867 :: ('MESH:C039276', 'Chemical') :: ['Triclabendazole', 'triclabendazole']

entities_list: @entity9643 :: ('MESH:D010237', 'Disease') :: ['paragonimiasis']

entities_list: @entity2439 :: ('MESH:D014201', 'Disease') :: ['trematode diseases']

entities_list: @entity4801 :: ('MESH:D010272', 'Disease') :: ['parasitic diseases']

entities_list: @entity7736 :: ('MESH:D005211', 'Disease') :: ['fascioliasis', 'Fascioliasis']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['Zebrafish']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7736 and @entity9643 are widespread foodborne @entity2439 , affecting millions of @entity1 in more than 75 countries. The treatment of choice for these @entity4801 is based on @entity31867 , a @entity9158 derivative which has been suggested as a promising drug to treat pregnant @entity1 and @entity1 . However, at the moment, this drug is not approved for @entity1 use in most countries. Its potential adverse effects on embryonic development have been scarcely studied, and it has not been assigned a pregnancy category by the FDA. Thus, to help in the process of risk-benefit decision making upon @entity31867 treatment during pregnancy, a better characterization of its risks during gestation is needed. METHODOLOGY: The @entity3392 embryo test, a preimplantation and a postimplantation rodent whole embryo culture were used to investigate the potential embryotoxicity/teratogenicity of @entity31867 and its first metabolite @entity71301 . @entity3753 and @entity37472 were included as positive controls. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: @entity31867 was between 10 and 250 times less potent than @entity3753 in inducing dysmorphogenic effects in @entity3392 or postimplantation rodent embryos, respectively. However, during the preimplantation period, both compounds, @entity31867 and @entity71301 , induced a dose-dependent embryolethal effect after only 24 h of exposure in rodent embryos and @entity3392 (lowest observed adverse effect concentrations = 10  M). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In @entity1 , after ingestion of the recommended doses of @entity31867 to treat @entity7736 and @entity9643 (10 mg/kg), the main compound found in plasma is @entity71301 (maximum concentration 38.6  M), while @entity31867 concentrations are approximately 30 times lower (1.16  M). From our results it can be concluded that @entity31867 , at concentrations of the same order of magnitude as the clinically relevant ones, does not entail teratogenic potential in vitro during the organogenesis period, but its first metabolite @entity71301 has a high embryotoxic capacity in vitro during the preimplantation stage.

title: XXXX Causes Stage-Dependent Embryolethality in @entity3392 and Mouse In Vitro.

answer: @entity71301 :: (MESH:C085104,Chemical) :: ['Triclabendazole Sulfoxide']


abstract: Importance: The @entity1 evaluated in this study, to our knowledge, represent the first complete clinical description of a family with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of @entity1105 associated with a novel mutation in @entity71302 . Objectives: To clinically evaluate 4 @entity1 and 5 unaffected family members, characterize the disease phenotype over time, and identify the associated genetic mutation. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : A prospective, longitudinal, observational, case-series analysis of 9 members of an affected family at the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland. The dates of the study were from July 31, 1992, to August 11, 2014. Interventions: Clinical evaluations included eye examination, color fundus photography, autofluorescence imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, kinetic visual field testing, and electroretinography. Genetic mutation screening was performed with next-generation sequencing, and identified mutations were confirmed with Sanger sequencing. Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinical diagnosis and longitudinal characterization of @entity1105 and identification of genetic mutation. Results: Six members of the family were identified as having @entity1105 (4 were examined, and 3 were genetically tested). Five unaffected family members were clinically evaluated (2 were genetically tested). The age at onset of @entity1105 was variable. All affected individuals presented with declining visual acuity, central @entity1019 , waxy disc pallor, attenuated vasculature, small yellow macular deposits and/or macular pigment mottling, and abnormal electroretinograms demonstrating mixed @entity6121 and a scotopic electronegative response to bright flashes. There were no other causes of an electronegative electroretinogram identified in any of the affected @entity1 . Genetic testing revealed, to our knowledge, a novel frameshift heterozygous mutation in @entity71302 in the @entity1 with @entity1105 . Conclusions and Relevance: A frameshift heterozygous mutation in @entity71302 inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion was associated with mixed @entity6121 . Among the @entity1 , there was variability in the age at onset and in the specific pattern of photoreceptor dysfunction, but the clinical course was nevertheless slowly progressive. Screening for @entity71302 mutation could provide prognostic value for @entity1 and families with scotopic electronegative responses to bright flashes.

title: Autosomal Dominant XXXX With Electronegative Waveform Associated With a Novel @entity71302 Mutation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity1105 :: ('MESH:D058499', 'Disease') :: ['retinal dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity6121 :: ('MESH:C566719', 'Disease') :: ['cone and rod dysfunction']

answer: @entity1105 :: (MESH:D058499,Disease) :: ['Retinal Dystrophy']


abstract: Importance: The @entity1 evaluated in this study, to our knowledge, represent the first complete clinical description of a family with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of @entity1105 associated with a novel mutation in @entity71302 . Objectives: To clinically evaluate 4 @entity1 and 5 unaffected family members, characterize the disease phenotype over time, and identify the associated genetic mutation. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : A prospective, longitudinal, observational, case-series analysis of 9 members of an affected family at the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland. The dates of the study were from July 31, 1992, to August 11, 2014. Interventions: Clinical evaluations included eye examination, color fundus photography, autofluorescence imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, kinetic visual field testing, and electroretinography. Genetic mutation screening was performed with next-generation sequencing, and identified mutations were confirmed with Sanger sequencing. Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinical diagnosis and longitudinal characterization of @entity1105 and identification of genetic mutation. Results: Six members of the family were identified as having @entity1105 (4 were examined, and 3 were genetically tested). Five unaffected family members were clinically evaluated (2 were genetically tested). The age at onset of @entity1105 was variable. All affected individuals presented with declining visual acuity, central @entity1019 , waxy disc pallor, attenuated vasculature, small yellow macular deposits and/or macular pigment mottling, and abnormal electroretinograms demonstrating mixed @entity6121 and a scotopic electronegative response to bright flashes. There were no other causes of an electronegative electroretinogram identified in any of the affected @entity1 . Genetic testing revealed, to our knowledge, a novel frameshift heterozygous mutation in @entity71302 in the @entity1 with @entity1105 . Conclusions and Relevance: A frameshift heterozygous mutation in @entity71302 inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion was associated with mixed @entity6121 . Among the @entity1 , there was variability in the age at onset and in the specific pattern of photoreceptor dysfunction, but the clinical course was nevertheless slowly progressive. Screening for @entity71302 mutation could provide prognostic value for @entity1 and families with scotopic electronegative responses to bright flashes.

title: Autosomal Dominant @entity1105 With Electronegative Waveform Associated With a Novel XXXX Mutation.

answer: @entity71302 :: (84839,Gene) :: ['RAX2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Photobiomodulation (PBM) appears promising to treat the hallmarks of @entity191 ( @entity191 ) in cellular or animal models. We measured light propagation in different areas of @entity191 -relevant deep brain tissue during transcranial, transsphenoidal illumination (at 671 and 808  nm) of a cadaver head and modeled optical parameters of @entity1 brain tissue using Monte-Carlo simulations. Gray matter, white matter, cerebrospinal fluid, ventricles, thalamus, pons, cerebellum and skull bone were processed into a mesh of the skull (158  *  201  *  211 voxels; voxel side length: 1  mm). Optical parameters were optimized from simulated and measured fluence rate distributions. The estimated  eff for the different tissues was in all cases larger at 671 than at 808  nm, making latter a better choice for light delivery in the deep brain. Absolute values were comparable to those found in the literature or slightly smaller. The effective attenuation in the ventricles was considerably larger than literature values. Optimization yields a new set of optical parameters better reproducing the experimental data. A combination of PBM via the sphenoid sinus and oral cavity could be beneficial. A 20-fold higher efficiency of light delivery to the deep brain was achieved with ventricular instead of transcranial illumination. Our study demonstrates that it is possible to illuminate deep brain tissues transcranially, transsphenoidally and via different application routes. This opens therapeutic options for sufferers of @entity191 or other @entity75 necessitating light therapy.

title: Red and NIR light dosimetry in the XXXX deep brain.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral diseases']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['PD', "Parkinson's Disease"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes in adolescents diagnosed with @entity1643 and @entity912 and to evaluate the efficacy of differential diagnosis methods. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The incidence of @entity1643 in adolescence is similar to that in adults, but the causes of @entity1643 are difficult to determine in most cases. For these @entity1 , a definitive diagnosis of @entity1643 and @entity912 as well as adequate treatment are clinically important to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment. METHODS: Eleven @entity1 [3 males and 8 females; mean age, 16.5 years (range, 13-19 y)] diagnosed with @entity1643 and @entity912 were followed up for 2-10.25 years (mean, 4.67 y). Nonorganic signs were observed in almost all @entity1 . For the purpose of excluding @entity347 , the @entity4490 @entity158 study was used in @entity1 who complained mainly of @entity158 , and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) using transcranial magnetic stimulation were measured in @entity1 experiencing primarily @entity425 . RESULTS: The @entity146 diagnosis was @entity11167 in 9 @entity1 , whereas it was @entity5539 in 2 @entity1 . Conservative treatment, such as physiotherapy, was performed, and at the final follow-up evaluation, outcomes were regarded as excellent in 7 @entity1 and good in 4 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of @entity1643 and @entity912 in adolescence is relatively good. However, it is important to understand the characteristics of @entity1643 and @entity912 in childhood and young adulthood and to perform accurate diagnosis via screening for nonorganic signs and excluding @entity347 by using the @entity4490 @entity158 study and MEPs obtained using transcranial magnetic stimulation.

title: Psychogenic XXXX and @entity912 in Adolescence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['psychogenic low-back pain', 'low-back pain']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity5539 :: ('MESH:D011602', 'Disease') :: ['psychosomatic disorder']

entities_list: @entity4490 :: ('MESH:D013874', 'Chemical') :: ['thiopentone']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['hysterical paralysis']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['organic disorders']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['Low-back Pain']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes in adolescents diagnosed with @entity1643 and @entity912 and to evaluate the efficacy of differential diagnosis methods. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The incidence of @entity1643 in adolescence is similar to that in adults, but the causes of @entity1643 are difficult to determine in most cases. For these @entity1 , a definitive diagnosis of @entity1643 and @entity912 as well as adequate treatment are clinically important to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment. METHODS: Eleven @entity1 [3 males and 8 females; mean age, 16.5 years (range, 13-19 y)] diagnosed with @entity1643 and @entity912 were followed up for 2-10.25 years (mean, 4.67 y). Nonorganic signs were observed in almost all @entity1 . For the purpose of excluding @entity347 , the @entity4490 @entity158 study was used in @entity1 who complained mainly of @entity158 , and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) using transcranial magnetic stimulation were measured in @entity1 experiencing primarily @entity425 . RESULTS: The @entity146 diagnosis was @entity11167 in 9 @entity1 , whereas it was @entity5539 in 2 @entity1 . Conservative treatment, such as physiotherapy, was performed, and at the final follow-up evaluation, outcomes were regarded as excellent in 7 @entity1 and good in 4 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of @entity1643 and @entity912 in adolescence is relatively good. However, it is important to understand the characteristics of @entity1643 and @entity912 in childhood and young adulthood and to perform accurate diagnosis via screening for nonorganic signs and excluding @entity347 by using the @entity4490 @entity158 study and MEPs obtained using transcranial magnetic stimulation.

title: Psychogenic @entity1643 and XXXX in Adolescence.

answer: @entity912 :: (MESH:D010243,Disease) :: ['Hysterical Paralysis']


abstract: Displaced midshaft clavicle fractures are frequent injuries. There are 3 treatment methods including conservative treatment, plate fixation, and intramedullary pin fixation. However, which is the best treatment remains a topic of debate.To establish the optimum treatment for displaced midshaft @entity174 , we did a network meta-analysis to compare 3 treatments in terms of postoperative nonunion and @entity281 .We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase for relevant @entity23 ( @entity23 ) until the end of October 2014. Two investigators independently reviewed the abstract and full text of eligible studies and extracted information. We used WinBUGS 1.4 (Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary's, London) to perform our Bayesian network meta-analysis. We used the graphical tools in STATA12 (StataCorp, Texas) to present the results of statistical analyses of WinBUGS14. Nonunion and @entity281 were presented as odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also presented the results using surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). A higher SUCRA value suggests better results for respective treatment method.Thirteen @entity23 were included in our network meta-analysis, with a total of 894 @entity1 randomized to receive 1 of 3 treatments. Nonunion rates were 0.9%, 2.4%, and 11.4% for intramedullary pin fixation, plate fixation, and conservative method, respectively. Nonunion occurred more commonly in @entity1 treated with conservative method than in @entity1 treated with either plate fixation (OR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.05-0.46) or intramedullary pin fixation (OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.01-0.50). There was no significant difference between plate and intramedullary pin fixation in nonunion (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 0.31-17.27). Furthermore, SUCRA probabilities were 87.8%, 62.0%, and 0.2% for intramedullary pin fixation, plate fixation, and conservative method, respectively. Infection rates were 3.6% and 3.9% for intramedullary pin fixation and plate fixation, respectively. There was no significant difference between plate and intramedullary pin fixation in @entity281 (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 0.31-17.27). SUCRA probabilities were 46.5% and 8.5% for intramedullary pin and plate fixation, respectively.Our network meta-analysis suggested that intramedullary pin fixation is the optimum treatment method for displaced midshaft @entity174 because of the low probabilities of nonunion and @entity281 .

title: Interventions for treating displaced midshaft XXXX : a bayesian network meta-analysis of @entity23 .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['clavicle fracture', 'clavicular fractures']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomized controlled trials', 'RCTs']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['clavicular fractures']


abstract: Displaced midshaft clavicle fractures are frequent injuries. There are 3 treatment methods including conservative treatment, plate fixation, and intramedullary pin fixation. However, which is the best treatment remains a topic of debate.To establish the optimum treatment for displaced midshaft @entity174 , we did a network meta-analysis to compare 3 treatments in terms of postoperative nonunion and @entity281 .We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase for relevant @entity23 ( @entity23 ) until the end of October 2014. Two investigators independently reviewed the abstract and full text of eligible studies and extracted information. We used WinBUGS 1.4 (Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary's, London) to perform our Bayesian network meta-analysis. We used the graphical tools in STATA12 (StataCorp, Texas) to present the results of statistical analyses of WinBUGS14. Nonunion and @entity281 were presented as odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also presented the results using surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). A higher SUCRA value suggests better results for respective treatment method.Thirteen @entity23 were included in our network meta-analysis, with a total of 894 @entity1 randomized to receive 1 of 3 treatments. Nonunion rates were 0.9%, 2.4%, and 11.4% for intramedullary pin fixation, plate fixation, and conservative method, respectively. Nonunion occurred more commonly in @entity1 treated with conservative method than in @entity1 treated with either plate fixation (OR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.05-0.46) or intramedullary pin fixation (OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.01-0.50). There was no significant difference between plate and intramedullary pin fixation in nonunion (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 0.31-17.27). Furthermore, SUCRA probabilities were 87.8%, 62.0%, and 0.2% for intramedullary pin fixation, plate fixation, and conservative method, respectively. Infection rates were 3.6% and 3.9% for intramedullary pin fixation and plate fixation, respectively. There was no significant difference between plate and intramedullary pin fixation in @entity281 (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 0.31-17.27). SUCRA probabilities were 46.5% and 8.5% for intramedullary pin and plate fixation, respectively.Our network meta-analysis suggested that intramedullary pin fixation is the optimum treatment method for displaced midshaft @entity174 because of the low probabilities of nonunion and @entity281 .

title: Interventions for treating displaced midshaft @entity174 : a bayesian network meta-analysis of XXXX .

answer: @entity23 :: (MESH:D007174,Disease) :: ['randomized controlled trials']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Research suggests that altered interregional connectivity in specific networks, such as the default mode network (DMN), is associated with cognitive and @entity716 in @entity161 . In addition, frontal and limbic connectivity alterations have been associated with @entity130 , drug use and urban upbringing, though these environmental exposures have never been examined in relation to DMN functional connectivity in @entity914 . METHODS: Resting-state functional MRI scans were obtained from 73 @entity1 with @entity914 , 83 non-psychotic siblings of @entity1 with @entity914 and 72 healthy controls. Posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) seed-based correlation analysis was used to estimate functional connectivity within the DMN. DMN functional connectivity was examined in relation to group (familial risk), group * environmental exposure (to cannabis, developmental @entity130 and urbanicity) and symptomatology. RESULTS: There was a significant association between group and PCC connectivity with the inferior parietal lobule (IPL), the precuneus (PCu) and the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Compared to controls, @entity1 and siblings had increased PCC connectivity with the IPL, PCu and MPFC. In the IPL and PCu, the functional connectivity of siblings was intermediate to that of controls and @entity1 . No significant associations were found between DMN connectivity and (subclinical) @entity716 . In addition, there were no significant interactions between group and environmental exposures in the model of PCC functional connectivity. DISCUSSION: Increased functional connectivity in individuals with (increased risk for) @entity914 may reflect trait-related network alterations. The within-network "connectivity at rest" intermediate phenotype was not associated with (subclinical) @entity716 . The association between familial risk and DMN connectivity was not conditional on environmental exposure.

title: Default mode network connectivity as a function of familial and environmental risk for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic or cognitive symptoms', 'psychotic symptoms', 'psychotic/cognitive symptoms']

answer: @entity914 :: (MESH:D011618,Disease) :: ['psychotic disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: To report five cases of @entity1036 following corneal inlay implantation for the surgical correction of @entity10818 . METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational case series. Five eyes of five @entity1 were identified consecutively in two emergency departments during a 1-year period, from November 2013 to November 2014. @entity1 ' demographics, clinical features, treatment and outcomes are described. RESULTS: There were four female @entity1 and one male, aged 52-64   years. Three @entity1 had the KAMRA inlay (AcuFocus) and two had the Flexivue Microlens inlay (Presbia Co  peratief U.A.) inserted for the treatment of @entity10818 and they presented from 6   days to 4   months postoperatively. Presenting uncorrected vision ranged from 6/38 to counting fingers. One @entity1 's corneal scrapings were positive for a putatively causative organism, Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, and all @entity1 responded to broad-spectrum fortified topical antibiotics. All @entity1 lost vision with final uncorrected visual acuity ranging from 6/12 to 6/60 and best-corrected vision ranging from 6/7.5 to 6/12. Two @entity1 ' corneal inlays were explanted and three remained in situ at last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1036 can occur at an early or late stage following corneal inlay implantation. Final visual acuity can be limited by stromal scarring; in the cases where the infiltrate was small and off the @entity227 at the time of presentation, the final visual acuity was better than those @entity1 who presented with larger lesions affecting the @entity227 . Though infection may necessitate removal of the inlay, early positive response to treatment may enable the inlay to be left in situ.

title: Corneal inlay implantation complicated by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual axis']

entities_list: @entity10818 :: ('MESH:D011305', 'Disease') :: ['presbyopia']

entities_list: @entity1036 :: ('MESH:D007634', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious keratitis', 'infectious keratitis']

answer: @entity1036 :: (MESH:D007634,Disease) :: ['infectious keratitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity579 farming activities involve prolonged manual work and @entity1 -machine interaction. Prolonged farming risk-exposure may result in @entity6250 . This @entity893 may increase the risk of @entity130 and physical disabilities. However, the prevalence and factors associated with @entity1746 have not yet been reported. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of @entity1746 among @entity579 farmers. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 249 @entity579 farmers. Lower extremity alignment assessment included: pelvic tilt angle, limb length equality, femoral torsion, quadriceps (Q) angle, tibiofemoral angle, genu recurvatum, rearfoot angle, and medial longitudinal arch angle. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze @entity1 characteristics and prevalence of @entity1746 . Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors. RESULTS: The highest prevalence of @entity1746 was foot pronation (36.14%), followed by the abnormal Q angle (34.94%), tibiofemoral angle (31.73%), pelvic tilt angle (30.52%), femoral antetorsion (28.11%), limb length inequality (22.49%), tibial torsion (21.29%), and genu recurvatum (11.24%). In females, the risk factors were abnormal Q angle, tibiofemoral angle, and genu recurvatum. Being overweight was a risk factor for abnormal pelvic tilt angle, Q angle, and tibiofemoral angle. Age was a risk factor for limb length inequality. Years of farming were a major risk factor for abnormal Q angle, tibiofemoral angle, and @entity893 . CONCLUSION: Prevalence of @entity1746 was reported in this study. Female sex, being overweight, and years of farming were major risk factors for @entity1746 . Lower extremity screening should assist in the identification of foot and knee @entity893 in @entity579 farmers. This may then lead to early prevention of @entity85 arising from such @entity893 .

title: Prevalence and risk factor analysis of lower extremity abnormal alignment characteristics among XXXX farmers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity1746 :: ('MESH:D020335', 'Disease') :: ['lower extremity malalignment']

entities_list: @entity6250 :: ('MESH:D038061', 'Disease') :: ['lower limb malalignment']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal disorders']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['foot malalignment', 'malalignment']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['lower extremity injury']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: To investigate cold-induced autoinflammatory syndrome 1 ( @entity5704 ) gene polymorphisms that cause @entity8649 in @entity1 with @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 30 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1412 and 30 healthy age-matched individuals as a control group. @entity5704 polymorphisms were assessed by DNA sequence analysis. @entity1 with @entity480 and the control group were compared in terms of gene polymorphisms. Each of the 8 polymorphisms of the @entity5704 gene was analyzed separately in the @entity1 group. RESULTS: The most frequently observed polymorphisms in the @entity1 group were @entity17767 in 83%, @entity71303 in 23%, and @entity71304 in 23% of the @entity1 . @entity17767 polymorphism was evaluated separately. Guanine was transformed to adenine at the 732nd nucleotide position of the @entity5704 gene in the cDNA of chromosome 1. CONCLUSION: The @entity5704 gene @entity17767 polymorphism was thought to be responsible for an increase in disease susceptibility. The frequency of the "A" allele is higher in the @entity1 group compared to the control group. @entity8649 seem like a candidate to be one of these factors. This is the first report to define the role of @entity8649 among these factors.

title: Evaluation of @entity8649 genes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8649 :: ('MESH:D056660', 'Disease') :: ['autoinflammatory diseases', 'Autoinflammatory diseases']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['NP', 'nasal polyposis']

entities_list: @entity480 :: ('MESH:D009298', 'Disease') :: ['nasal polyps']

answer: @entity1412 :: (MESH:D011125,Disease) :: ['nasal polyposis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: To investigate cold-induced autoinflammatory syndrome 1 ( @entity5704 ) gene polymorphisms that cause @entity8649 in @entity1 with @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 30 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity1412 and 30 healthy age-matched individuals as a control group. @entity5704 polymorphisms were assessed by DNA sequence analysis. @entity1 with @entity480 and the control group were compared in terms of gene polymorphisms. Each of the 8 polymorphisms of the @entity5704 gene was analyzed separately in the @entity1 group. RESULTS: The most frequently observed polymorphisms in the @entity1 group were @entity17767 in 83%, @entity71303 in 23%, and @entity71304 in 23% of the @entity1 . @entity17767 polymorphism was evaluated separately. Guanine was transformed to adenine at the 732nd nucleotide position of the @entity5704 gene in the cDNA of chromosome 1. CONCLUSION: The @entity5704 gene @entity17767 polymorphism was thought to be responsible for an increase in disease susceptibility. The frequency of the "A" allele is higher in the @entity1 group compared to the control group. @entity8649 seem like a candidate to be one of these factors. This is the first report to define the role of @entity8649 among these factors.

title: Evaluation of XXXX genes in @entity1412 .

answer: @entity8649 :: (MESH:D056660,Disease) :: ['autoinflammatory disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Endoscopic stents are placed for palliation of @entity6687 . Although @entity1702 ( @entity1702 ) remain patent longer than plastic stents, they  are more expensive. We aimed to evaluate which type of stent  (plastic, uncovered @entity1702 [uSEMS], or partially covered @entity1702 [pcSEMS]) is the most effective and we assessed costs. METHODS: We performed a multicenter randomized trial in 219 @entity1 at 18 hospitals in The Netherlands from February 2008 through February 2013. @entity1 were assigned randomly for placement of a plastic stent (n  = 73), uSEMS (n  = 75), or pcSEMS (n  = 71) during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. @entity1 were followed up for up to 1 year. Researchers were not blinded to groups. The main study end points included functional stent time and costs. RESULTS: The mean functional stent times were 172 days for plastic stents, 288 days for uSEMS, and 299 days for pcSEMS (P < .005 for uSEMS and pcSEMS vs plastic). The initial placement of plastic stents (   1042 or  1106) cost significantly less than placement of @entity1702 (   1973 or  2094) (P  = .001). However, the total cost per @entity1 at the end of the follow-up period did not differ significantly between plastic stents (   7320 or  7770) and @entity1702 (   6932 or  7356) (P  = .61). Furthermore, in @entity1 with short survival times ( <=3 mo) or metastatic disease, the total cost per @entity1 did not differ between plastic stents and @entity1702 . No differences in costs were found between pcSEMS and uSEMS. CONCLUSIONS: Although placement of @entity1702 (uncovered or partially covered) for palliation of @entity6687 initially is more expensive than placement of plastic stents, @entity1702 have longer functional time. The total costs after 1 year do not differ significantly with  stent type. Dutch Clinical Trial Registration no: NTR1361.

title: Cost Efficacy of Metal Stents for Palliation of XXXX in a Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity6687 :: ('MESH:D001651', 'Disease') :: ['extrahepatic bile duct obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1702 :: ('MESH:D013651', 'Disease') :: ['self-expandable metal stents', 'SEMS']

answer: @entity6687 :: (MESH:D001651,Disease) :: ['Extrahepatic Bile Duct Obstruction']


abstract: Titanium mesh cage (TMC) was introduced recently to provide anterior structural support and interbody fusion without the need to harvest bone from the iliac crest. Because of its good mechanical behavior and satisfactory clinical outcomes, TMC is commonly used for lumbar burst @entity174 . Here, we present a female @entity1 who underwent a posterior-anterior L4 corpectomy with TMC placement and developed a cage @entity174 after 42 months. The @entity1 refused the revision surgery and asked for conservative treatment. At the 3-month follow-up, she reported doing well, with no complaints of @entity615 or @entity158 . There were three cases of TMC @entity174 have been previously reported in the literature. Only one @entity1 performed a revision surgery with an expandable @entity702 cage, and all this three @entity1 experienced a good outcome during the follow-up period. TMC @entity174 is a rare complication of spinal surgery. Close observation or surgical treatment should be considered to improve @entity1 outcomes. Although cage placement, instability, subsidence, and both stress shielding and necrotic bone in the cage appear to play key roles in the pathogenesis of this rare complication, the exact mechanism of this condition remains undetermined.

title: XXXX mesh cage @entity174 after lumbar reconstruction surgery: a case report and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['back pain']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['Titanium']


abstract: Titanium mesh cage (TMC) was introduced recently to provide anterior structural support and interbody fusion without the need to harvest bone from the iliac crest. Because of its good mechanical behavior and satisfactory clinical outcomes, TMC is commonly used for lumbar burst @entity174 . Here, we present a female @entity1 who underwent a posterior-anterior L4 corpectomy with TMC placement and developed a cage @entity174 after 42 months. The @entity1 refused the revision surgery and asked for conservative treatment. At the 3-month follow-up, she reported doing well, with no complaints of @entity615 or @entity158 . There were three cases of TMC @entity174 have been previously reported in the literature. Only one @entity1 performed a revision surgery with an expandable @entity702 cage, and all this three @entity1 experienced a good outcome during the follow-up period. TMC @entity174 is a rare complication of spinal surgery. Close observation or surgical treatment should be considered to improve @entity1 outcomes. Although cage placement, instability, subsidence, and both stress shielding and necrotic bone in the cage appear to play key roles in the pathogenesis of this rare complication, the exact mechanism of this condition remains undetermined.

title: @entity702 mesh cage XXXX after lumbar reconstruction surgery: a case report and literature review.

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: In Yugoslavia, @entity418 is the fourth most frequent @entity344 , after @entity5 , rectum, and @entity694 . Incidence of @entity418 in Croatia in 1975 was 6.0 per 100,000 population for males, and considerably less for females with 1.4 per 100,000 population. There is not a statistically significant difference in the incidence of @entity418 in the different regions within Croatia. During the period from March 1973 to April 1980 at the Central Institute for @entity5 and Allied Diseases in Zagreb, esophagoscopy was performed on 179 @entity1 with @entity5 . Test results of 170 @entity1 was 60.4 years (male 60.0, female 62.4). The authors present the analyses of histopathologic types of @entity5 . In 79.4% of @entity1 (135/170) @entity957 was found. In 69 @entity1 histologic findings were compared with cytology. In six @entity1 , only the cytological examinations were positive. Furthermore, the localizations of @entity5 in the esophagus were analyzed, and in 53.6% of @entity1 (91/170) @entity5 was localized in the middle third of the esophagus. In almost all cases the disease was advanced and inoperable. Smoking and @entity988 were analyzed as potential etiological factors. The authors consider that esophagoscopy could be a valuable method in the early detection of @entity418 in the high risk group of the population ( @entity1 over 50 years of age who are heavy alcoholics and smokers).

title: XXXX --the role of esophagoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors', 'tumors', 'esophageal tumors', 'stomach cancer']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholism']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease of the gastrointestinal tract']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Esophageal tumors']


abstract: Systematic investigations testing for the presence of @entity1127 and @entity5 of the large bowel were conducted in a population of 1,369 inpatients and outpatients, aged 45-70 years, in eight university departments of gastroenterology or abdominal surgery (Toulouse, Dijon, Paris, Marseille, and Strasbourg). Double-contrast barium enema and proctosigmoidoscopy examinations were carried out in all cases, whereas total coloscopy was performed only in the case of detected @entity5 . A questionnaire including 233 parameters (age, sex, family, and personal history and symptoms) was completed for each @entity1 . A total of 414 lesions were detected in 252 @entity1 , including 245 @entity6523 , 8 transformed @entity1127 , and 30 @entity189 ; 3 of 4 lesions were located in the rectum or sigmoid. @entity5 or @entity6523 were found in 13% of the @entity1 . The prevalence of these lesions in the population studied was increased in @entity1 with rectorrhagia (19%) or with a personal history of surgery for @entity14 or @entity1127 (23%). In the @entity1 without rectorrhagia or a history of @entity4056 , the incidence was 9.7%. It was significantly increased in males and @entity1 more than 50 year old. The efficacy of proctosigmoidoscopy and double-contrast barium enema was compared in 909 @entity1 . Sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 35% and 99% for endoscopy, 96% and 94% for radiology.

title: A cooperative study on the detection of @entity14 and XXXX in France.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity4056 :: ('MESH:D007414', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal tumor']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['adenomatous or villous polyps']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['polyps']


abstract: Systematic investigations testing for the presence of @entity1127 and @entity5 of the large bowel were conducted in a population of 1,369 inpatients and outpatients, aged 45-70 years, in eight university departments of gastroenterology or abdominal surgery (Toulouse, Dijon, Paris, Marseille, and Strasbourg). Double-contrast barium enema and proctosigmoidoscopy examinations were carried out in all cases, whereas total coloscopy was performed only in the case of detected @entity5 . A questionnaire including 233 parameters (age, sex, family, and personal history and symptoms) was completed for each @entity1 . A total of 414 lesions were detected in 252 @entity1 , including 245 @entity6523 , 8 transformed @entity1127 , and 30 @entity189 ; 3 of 4 lesions were located in the rectum or sigmoid. @entity5 or @entity6523 were found in 13% of the @entity1 . The prevalence of these lesions in the population studied was increased in @entity1 with rectorrhagia (19%) or with a personal history of surgery for @entity14 or @entity1127 (23%). In the @entity1 without rectorrhagia or a history of @entity4056 , the incidence was 9.7%. It was significantly increased in males and @entity1 more than 50 year old. The efficacy of proctosigmoidoscopy and double-contrast barium enema was compared in 909 @entity1 . Sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 35% and 99% for endoscopy, 96% and 94% for radiology.

title: A cooperative study on the detection of XXXX and @entity1127 in France.

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that may function as oncogenes or @entity5 suppressors. Previous studies have shown that the expression level of @entity4221 was enhanced in multiple types of @entity5 . However, the expression of @entity4221 in @entity1 @entity957 ( @entity957 ) and its prognostic values remain unclear. Material and Methods Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of @entity4221 in 106 pairs of matched normal and @entity5 tissue samples. The chi-square test was used to examine the associations between @entity4221 expression and the clinicopathological characters. The survival curves were constructed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The influence of each clinical variable on survival was examined by the Cox multivariate regression analysis. Results The expression level of @entity4221 was significantly higher in @entity5 tissues and @entity5 cell lines than in normal controls (p<0.01). High expression of @entity4221 was found to significantly correlate with nodal status (p=0.015), TNM stage (p=0.005), and @entity5 grade (p=0.002). Enhanced @entity4221 correlated significantly with @entity1 survival (p<0.01). In multivariate analysis, we found that @entity4221 expression was an independent prognostic factor of poor @entity1 survival (p= 0.036; HR=2.82; 95% CI=1.07-7.43). Conclusions High @entity4221 expression is associated with poor prognosis in @entity957 and may serve as a novel prognostic marker in @entity957 .

title: Expression and Clinical Significance of microRNA-1246 in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'oral cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OSCC', 'oral squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that may function as oncogenes or @entity5 suppressors. Previous studies have shown that the expression level of @entity4221 was enhanced in multiple types of @entity5 . However, the expression of @entity4221 in @entity1 @entity957 ( @entity957 ) and its prognostic values remain unclear. Material and Methods Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of @entity4221 in 106 pairs of matched normal and @entity5 tissue samples. The chi-square test was used to examine the associations between @entity4221 expression and the clinicopathological characters. The survival curves were constructed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The influence of each clinical variable on survival was examined by the Cox multivariate regression analysis. Results The expression level of @entity4221 was significantly higher in @entity5 tissues and @entity5 cell lines than in normal controls (p<0.01). High expression of @entity4221 was found to significantly correlate with nodal status (p=0.015), TNM stage (p=0.005), and @entity5 grade (p=0.002). Enhanced @entity4221 correlated significantly with @entity1 survival (p<0.01). In multivariate analysis, we found that @entity4221 expression was an independent prognostic factor of poor @entity1 survival (p= 0.036; HR=2.82; 95% CI=1.07-7.43). Conclusions High @entity4221 expression is associated with poor prognosis in @entity957 and may serve as a novel prognostic marker in @entity957 .

title: Expression and Clinical Significance of microRNA-1246 in XXXX @entity957 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: CONTEXT: The surgical treatment of @entity788 includes percutaneous @entity7592 and sequestrectomy in the late phase of the disease. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare the conventional open necrosectomy (CON) approach with the alternative focused open necrosectomy (FON) approach in @entity1 with infected @entity39 and progression of @entity295 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity656 were included in the study prospectively from January 2004 to July 2014. All @entity1 had been admitted with the first or a new @entity66 . Symptomatic large fluid collections were drained percutaneously. The step-up approach was used in @entity1 with several distant localizations of infected @entity39 . The methods were analysed by comparing the individual severity according to the ASA, APACHE II and SOFA scores, @entity281 rate, @entity260 rate and mortality. RESULTS: A total of 31 @entity1 were included in the FON group and 39 in the CON group. The incidence of @entity281 was similar in groups. More ASA III comorbid conditions, a higher APACHE II score, a more frequent need for renal replacement therapy was observed in the CON group. The @entity260 rate was in the range of 32% to 44%; mortality reached 6.5% in the FON group and 12.8% in the CON group. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbid conditions, organ failure, and @entity281 are the main risk factors in @entity1 with @entity788 . The step-up approach and perioperative ultrasonography navigation improves the clinical outcome and reduces the extent of invasive surgical intervention in @entity1 unsuited to other minimally invasive procedures.

title: Ultrasound-assisted focused open necrosectomy in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['episode of disease']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['acute necrotizing pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity7592 :: ('MESH:D015882', 'Disease') :: ['drainage of acute necrotic collections']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['necrotizing pancreatitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity859 stress testing in conjunction with radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging has become a common approach for the detection of @entity453 in @entity1 who are unable to perform adequate levels of exercise. However, specific electrocardiographic alterations during the test have been rarely described. Using a Chinese population, the aim of the present study was to provide a detailed electrocardiographic profile of @entity859 stress testing. The study population included 1,168 consecutive outpatients who had undergone @entity859 -induced stress myocardial perfusion imaging. Electrocardiographic data during and immediately following the @entity859 infusion were collected, and the corresponding myocardial perfusion images were assessed. During @entity859 infusion, 174 transient and 47 persistent arrhythmic events occurred in 110 @entity1 (9.42%). Furthermore, frequent premature @entity11706 occurred in 65 individuals and frequent @entity1540 were observed in 73 individuals. @entity713 ( @entity713 ) occurred in 75 @entity1 [first degree (I  ) @entity713 , 16; second degree (II  ) @entity713 , 58; third degree @entity713 , 1), while @entity9765 occurred in eight @entity1 . ST @entity308 emerged in 69 @entity1 . @entity1 with a baseline I   @entity713 had an increased risk of a II   @entity713 , and @entity1 exhibiting @entity308 were more likely to have a further depressed ST segment during the stress test (odds ratio, 28.68 and 5.01, respectively; both P<0.001). Following @entity859 infusion, 10 @entity1 (0.86%) exhibited newly occurred arrhythmic events. However, no @entity1 presented with acute @entity583 or sudden mortality. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that @entity859 infusion was a safe method, despite the relatively high incidence of arrhythmic events. The majority of @entity943 that occurred during infusion were transient, were reversible with the termination of infusion and did not indicate abnormal perfusion results.

title: Electrocardiographic profile of XXXX pharmacological stress testing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['baseline ST depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['Adenosine', 'adenosine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['AVB', 'Atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity11706 :: ('MESH:D018880', 'Disease') :: ['atrial contractions']

entities_list: @entity9765 :: ('MESH:D012848', 'Disease') :: ['sinoatrial block']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular contractions']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery diseases']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity859 :: (MESH:D000241,Chemical) :: ['adenosine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to explore whether bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) transplantation is able to accelerate the bone remodeling induced by midpalatal expansion in @entity35 . A total of 48 male @entity35 (mean weight, 208.36  7.32 g) were divided into control and midpalatal expansion with or without BMMC transplantation groups. Histological and morphological changes were observed in each group. The osteogenic activities and differential potentials of the transplanted BMMCs labeled with @entity1603 in the midpalatal bone tissue were assessed by @entity9356 expression. The @entity9248 ( @entity9248 )/ @entity9249 ( @entity9249 ) ratio was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to reflect the equilibrium between bone resorption and formation. The results demonstrated that the width of the maxillary dental arch increased distinctly within 2 weeks of midpalatal expansion with BMMC transplantation. The morphology of the midpalatal suture in this group changed significantly; the cartilage was completely replaced by fibrous-like tissue expressing @entity9356 . The palatal bone was reorganized from a cancellous form into a mature compact structure after an additional 2-week relapse period. Immunostaining results indicated that the heterologous transplanted BMMCs survived and differentiated into osteoblasts during the remodeling induced by midpalatal expansion. The @entity9248 / @entity9249 expression ratio significantly decreased after 2 weeks of midpalatal expansion with BMMC transplantation due to the inhibition of @entity9248 expression. Heterologous BMMC transplantation appears to accelerate the midpalatal bone remodeling induced by expansion of the @entity35 through increasing the number of osteoprogenitor cells and regulating the @entity9248 - @entity9249 signaling pathway.

title: Effect of heterologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation on midpalatal expansion in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity9248 :: ('117516(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand', 'RANKL']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of @entity5157 venom pharmacopuncture (BVP) therapy according to the methods used to treat @entity626 ( @entity571 ): intra-acupoint combined with intra-articular injection, intra-acupoint injection, and intra-articular injection. METHODS: A total of 69 @entity1 were recruited by the Department of Acupuncture _ Moxibustion at Dong- Eui Oriental University Hospital from February 1 to July 23, 2012. The @entity1 were assigned to 3 groups: the first group with intra-acupoint combined with intraarticular BVP Injection (the experimental group), the 2nd group with intra-acupoint BVP injection (control group   ), and the 3rd group with intra-articular BVP injection (control group   ). The @entity1 were assigned in the order in which they were recruited. Treatments were done twice a week, for a total of 9 times. The effectiveness was assessed by using the visual analouge scale (VAS) and the Korea Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity571 Index (KWOMAC). RESULTS: All three groups exhibited significant VAS and KWOMAC effects. Moreover, the 4 week follow-up after the final treatment showed a persistence of BVP effects. However, when the groups were compared, no statistically significant differences in VAS and KWOMAC were noted, but when improvement was considered, the results showed that intra-articular injection was more effective than intra-acupoint injection. Especially, intra-acupoint combined with intra-articular injection was the most effective among the three treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Combining intra-acupoint with intraarticular injection, depending on the @entity1 's symptoms, may produce better results when conservatively treating knee @entity571 .

title: Comparative study on the effects of @entity5157 venom pharmacopuncture according to the treatment method for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of @entity5157 venom pharmacopuncture (BVP) therapy according to the methods used to treat @entity626 ( @entity571 ): intra-acupoint combined with intra-articular injection, intra-acupoint injection, and intra-articular injection. METHODS: A total of 69 @entity1 were recruited by the Department of Acupuncture _ Moxibustion at Dong- Eui Oriental University Hospital from February 1 to July 23, 2012. The @entity1 were assigned to 3 groups: the first group with intra-acupoint combined with intraarticular BVP Injection (the experimental group), the 2nd group with intra-acupoint BVP injection (control group   ), and the 3rd group with intra-articular BVP injection (control group   ). The @entity1 were assigned in the order in which they were recruited. Treatments were done twice a week, for a total of 9 times. The effectiveness was assessed by using the visual analouge scale (VAS) and the Korea Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity571 Index (KWOMAC). RESULTS: All three groups exhibited significant VAS and KWOMAC effects. Moreover, the 4 week follow-up after the final treatment showed a persistence of BVP effects. However, when the groups were compared, no statistically significant differences in VAS and KWOMAC were noted, but when improvement was considered, the results showed that intra-articular injection was more effective than intra-acupoint injection. Especially, intra-acupoint combined with intra-articular injection was the most effective among the three treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Combining intra-acupoint with intraarticular injection, depending on the @entity1 's symptoms, may produce better results when conservatively treating knee @entity571 .

title: Comparative study on the effects of XXXX venom pharmacopuncture according to the treatment method for @entity626 .

answer: @entity5157 :: (7460,Species) :: ['bee']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate MRI findings in @entity1 with @entity2835 ( @entity2835 ) and to determine the value of MRI in the diagnosis of @entity2835 and assessment of @entity1575 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study reviewed the prevalence of @entity854 seen in 45 @entity2835 @entity1 in the past four years, including 33 @entity1 who underwent liver biopsy. Correlation between the MRI findings and the pathological stage was determined. RESULTS: There were 33 @entity1 who underwent liver biopsy. Twenty-five @entity1 (75.8%) had non-homogeneous changes in the liver signal intensity, 25 (75.8%) had a periportal halo sign, and 29 (87.9%) had @entity3329 . The short axis of the enlarged lymph nodes was a mean of 1.2  0.3 cm. A strong positive correlation was observed between histological stage and the inhomogeneity of liver signal intensity (P<0.001). There were significant differences among the four histological stages based on the periportal halo sign (P=0.034), and the grading of the periportal halo sign was found to be significantly correlated with the histological stage (P<0.001). Grading of the periportal halo sign was significantly different at stage II versus III, and stage III versus IV; no significant difference was found between stages I and II. There were also no significant differences among the four histological states in the occurrence and size of enlarged lymph nodes (P=0.674 and P=0.394). CONCLUSION: MRI is valuable in the diagnosis of @entity2835 , and the periportal halo sign and liver signal intensity help to evaluate the degree of @entity1575 .

title: The Value of MRI in the Diagnosis of XXXX and @entity1575 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2835 :: ('MESH:D008105', 'Disease') :: ['PBC', 'primary biliary cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['MRI abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis']

answer: @entity2835 :: (MESH:D008105,Disease) :: ['Primary Biliary Cirrhosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate MRI findings in @entity1 with @entity2835 ( @entity2835 ) and to determine the value of MRI in the diagnosis of @entity2835 and assessment of @entity1575 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study reviewed the prevalence of @entity854 seen in 45 @entity2835 @entity1 in the past four years, including 33 @entity1 who underwent liver biopsy. Correlation between the MRI findings and the pathological stage was determined. RESULTS: There were 33 @entity1 who underwent liver biopsy. Twenty-five @entity1 (75.8%) had non-homogeneous changes in the liver signal intensity, 25 (75.8%) had a periportal halo sign, and 29 (87.9%) had @entity3329 . The short axis of the enlarged lymph nodes was a mean of 1.2  0.3 cm. A strong positive correlation was observed between histological stage and the inhomogeneity of liver signal intensity (P<0.001). There were significant differences among the four histological stages based on the periportal halo sign (P=0.034), and the grading of the periportal halo sign was found to be significantly correlated with the histological stage (P<0.001). Grading of the periportal halo sign was significantly different at stage II versus III, and stage III versus IV; no significant difference was found between stages I and II. There were also no significant differences among the four histological states in the occurrence and size of enlarged lymph nodes (P=0.674 and P=0.394). CONCLUSION: MRI is valuable in the diagnosis of @entity2835 , and the periportal halo sign and liver signal intensity help to evaluate the degree of @entity1575 .

title: The Value of MRI in the Diagnosis of @entity2835 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['Assessment of Liver Fibrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ocular signs in @entity2314 have generally been regarded to be primarily of diagnostic value. We explored whether ocular findings, alone or in particular in combination with the a-galactosidase A gene mutation, have predictive value for disease severity. Data from the Fabry Outcome Survey (FOS), a large, global database sponsored by Shire, were selected for adult @entity1 who had undergone ophthalmological examination. Three ocular signs were assessed: @entity267 , tortuous conjunctival and/or retinal vessels, and @entity231 . @entity2314 severity was measured using FOS Mainz Severity Score Index and modifications thereof. Ophthalmological data were available for 1203 (699 female, 504 male) adult @entity1 with eye findings characteristic of @entity2314 in 55.1%. @entity267 had a similar distribution in @entity1 (51.1%) and @entity1 (50.8%), whereas tortuous vessels and @entity231 were somewhat more frequent in @entity1 than in @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity267 , selected as the principal ocular sign for this study, had more severe disease (median score, 20.0) versus those without ocular signs (11.0; P<0.001). This finding could be confirmed by applying age adjusted severity scores. Moreover, the prevalence of @entity267 was significantly higher in @entity1 with null (male, 76.9%; female, 64.5%) and missense (male, 79.2%; female, 67.4%) mutations versus mild missense (male, 17.1%; female, 23.1%) and the @entity25005 (male, 15.0%; female, 15.6%) mutations (P<0.01). Our analyses show a correlation between the prevalence of ocular changes in @entity2314 and disease severity. Consequently, information on ocular findings and a-galactosidase A gene mutation may help assess the risk for more severe @entity2314 . These observed findings are of notable clinical importance, as @entity2314 is characterized by high clinical course variability and only weak genotype-phenotype correlation at the individual @entity1 level. Further confirmatory studies are needed.

title: Ocular Signs Correlate Well with Disease Severity and Genotype in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity267 :: ('MESH:D065306', 'Disease') :: ['Cornea verticillata', 'cornea verticillata']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['Fabry cataract', 'cataract']

entities_list: @entity2314 :: ('MESH:D000795', 'Disease') :: ['Fabry disease']

answer: @entity2314 :: (MESH:D000795,Disease) :: ['Fabry Disease']