abstract: BACKGROUND: Targeted therapy has improved the survival of @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 . In the present study, we evaluated whether there was an effect of cytoreductive surgery on prognosis of @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 using antiangiogenic @entity669 kinase inhibitor (TKI) agents. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 52 @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 from Akdeniz University, Afyon Kocatepe University, and Medipol University participated in the study. All the @entity1 had received targeted antiangiogenic therapy after interferon alfa-2b. According to previous @entity70811 , the @entity1 were divided into 2 groups as @entity70811 (+) and @entity70811 (-). RESULTS: The @entity70811 (+) group was younger than the @entity70811 (-) group (P  < .001) and the hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the @entity70811 (+) group (P  = .023). The median progression-free survival time from the date of starting TKIs were 8.5 and 3.0 months for the @entity70811 (+) and @entity70811 (-) groups, respectively (P  = .104). The median overall survival was 15.1 and 5.4 months for the @entity70811 (+) and @entity70811 (-) groups, respectively (P  = .034). CONCLUSION: We speculate that @entity70811 is still an important part of treatment modalities in @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 in modern era targeted therapy, which is currently the best systemic therapy. However, the indications of @entity70811 might be limited to good-risk @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 . Further randomized studies are warranted to clarify the necessity of @entity70811 in @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 .

title: The Necessity of Cytoreductive Nephrectomy in XXXX With @entity1358 Using Antiangiogenic Targeted Therapy After Interferon Alfa-2b.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: Background. @entity73 is a highly prevalent, poorly managed, and disabling consequence of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). Exercise training that improves physical fitness represents a promising approach for managing @entity73 in @entity1 with @entity15 . There is limited evidence that physical fitness is associated with multiple domains of @entity73 across levels of @entity717 . Objective. This cross-sectional study examined the associations among aerobic capacity, lower limb muscle strength, and cognitive functions in @entity1 with mild, moderate, and severe @entity717 . Methods. The sample included 62 @entity1 with mild (n = 20), moderate (n = 21), and severe (n = 21) @entity717 . The @entity1 underwent neuropsychological assessments of cognitive processing speed (CPS; Symbol Digit Modalities Test [SDMT]), verbal memory (California Verbal Learning Test-2 [CVLT-2]), and visual memory (Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised [BVMT-R]). All @entity1 further underwent testing for measuring aerobic capacity (ie, peak @entity26 consumption) and muscular strength (ie, peak torque of knee flexors and extensors). Results. Aerobic capacity and muscular strength outcomes were associated with SDMT (r = .35-.41), but not CVLT-2 or BVMT-R (r < .19) scores in the overall sample. Aerobic capacity (r = .42) and knee flexor peak torque (r = .39) were associated with SDMT scores in @entity1 with mild disability, but not in those with moderate (r < .06) and severe (r < .14) disability. Conclusions. These results support examining aerobic and resistance exercise training programs for improving CPS, particularly among @entity1 with mild @entity717 .

title: Association Between Physical Fitness and Cognitive Function in XXXX : Does Disability Status Matter?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive dysfunction', 'Cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['MS disability']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To locate the muscarinic (M) M2 and M3 receptors in bladder interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) and to determine the effects of M2 and M3 agonists on bladder ICCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 adult male @entity35 weighing 225-250 g were used in this study. Double-labeled fluorescence of muscarinic receptors and c-kit was performed for co-localization. To evaluate the effect of muscarinic agents on the excitation of bladder ICCs, we analyzed the inward current of bladder ICCs using the whole-cell patch clamp. The effect of muscarinic agents on the @entity5402 -induced inward currents was evaluated with the whole-cell patch clamp. RESULTS: M2 and M3 receptors were confirmed in the stroma ICCs in @entity35 ' bladders with double-labeled immunofluorescence. Spontaneous action potential was observed in freshly isolated bladder ICCs. The @entity5402 -induced inward @entity141 current in ICCs can be blocked by @entity3897 . The M2 receptor antagonist @entity10258 (1  M) showed a weak inhibitory capability on the inward @entity141 current [from 74.8    9.6 to 63.3    13.8 Pascal (pA), n = 12, P = .03]. While the M3 receptor antagonist @entity4139 ( @entity4139 ) (1  M) significantly inhibited the inward @entity141 current (from 78.4    11.2 to 17.3    7.9 pA, n = 12, P < .001). CONCLUSION: Bladder ICCs express M2 and M3 cholinergic receptors. Most muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonists, especially the M3 antagonists, can effectively inhibit the @entity5402 - induced inward current of bladder ICCs.

title: Expression and function of muscarinic subtype receptors in bladder interstitial cells of cajal in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity10258 :: ('MESH:C054938', 'Chemical') :: ['methoctramine']

entities_list: @entity4139 :: ('MESH:C042375', 'Chemical') :: ['4-DAMP', '4-diphenyl-acetoxy-N-methyl-piperidine methiodide']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol', 'carbamylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Background. Several pilot studies have evoked interest in robot-assisted therapy ( @entity35 ) in @entity1 with @entity306 ( @entity306 ). Objective. To assess the effectiveness of @entity35 in @entity1 with @entity306 through a single-blind randomized controlled trial. @entity1 and Methods. Sixteen @entity1 with @entity306 were randomized into 2 groups. Eight @entity1 performed 5 conventional therapy sessions per week over 8 weeks (control group). Eight @entity1 completed 3 conventional therapy sessions and 2 robot-assisted sessions per week over 8 weeks (robotic group). For both groups, each therapy session lasted 45 minutes. Throughout each @entity35 session, the @entity1 attempted to reach several targets consecutively with the REAPlan. The REAPlan is a distal effector robot that allows for displacements of the upper limb in the horizontal plane. A blinded assessment was performed before and after the intervention with respect to the International Classification of Functioning framework: body structure and function (upper limb kinematics, Box and Block test, Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test, strength, and @entity508 ), activities (Abilhand-Kids, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory), and participation (Life Habits). Results. During each @entity35 session, @entity1 performed 744 movements on average with the REAPlan. Among the variables assessed, the smoothness of movement (P < .01) and manual dexterity assessed by the Box and Block test (P = .04) improved significantly more in the robotic group than in the control group. Conclusions. This single-blind randomized controlled trial provides the first evidence that @entity35 is effective in @entity1 with @entity306 . Future studies should investigate the long-term effects of this therapy.

title: Upper Limb Robot-Assisted Therapy in XXXX : A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy', 'CP']

answer: @entity306 :: (MESH:D002547,Disease) :: ['Cerebral Palsy']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Observational studies on long-term outcomes following debulking surgery or surgical biopsy for unresectable @entity704 showed various results. This meta-analysis was designed to determine the effect of debulking surgery against surgical biopsy on overall survival in @entity1 with unresectable @entity704 . The PubMed database was queried for studies published in the English language on unresectable @entity704 and overall survival. We compared overall survival following surgery in @entity1 undergoing debulking surgery and @entity1 undergoing surgical biopsy for unresectable @entity704 . Meta-analysis was performed using the Mantel-Haenszel method, and potential publication bias was evaluated with a funnel plot of precision. No randomized trials on this topic were identified. Thirteen retrospective observational studies containing a sum of 314 @entity1 with information on the number of @entity204 and @entity1 -years were suitable for analysis. Information on Masaoka stages, World Health Organization histology and indications for debulking surgery versus surgical biopsy was lacking in most studies. Diversity of neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments was noted among the eligible studies. One hundred and seventy-two (54.8%) @entity1 underwent debulking surgery and 142 (45.2%) underwent surgical biopsy. The pooled hazard ratio was 0.451 (95% confidence interval: 0.336-0.605, P < 0.001), favouring @entity1 undergoing debulking surgery compared with @entity1 undergoing surgical biopsy. The funnel plot of precision demonstrated no important publication bias. Our results suggest that debulking surgery for unresectable @entity704 may be associated with improved overall survival and be considered for @entity1 with unresectable @entity704 .

title: A meta-analysis of debulking surgery versus surgical biopsy for unresectable XXXX   .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['person', 'patients']

answer: @entity704 :: (MESH:D013945,Disease) :: ['thymoma']


abstract: AIM: To investigate recurrence rates, patterns and complications after nonoperatively managed @entity532 ( @entity532 ). METHODS: A retrospective study of @entity1 treated for @entity532 was performed. @entity532 was defined on computed tomography by the presence of a localized abscess, pelvic abscess or extraluminal air. For follow-up, @entity1 were contacted by telephone. Numbers of elective surgeries, recurrences and @entity490 were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 114 @entity1 (median age 57 years (range 29-97)), were admitted for @entity532 . Nine @entity1 required surgical intervention for failure of conservative therapy (Hartmann's procedure: n = 6; resection and colorectal anastomosis: n = 3). Of the 105 remaining @entity1 , 24 (22.9%) underwent elective sigmoid resection. The 81 (71%) non-operated @entity1 were all contacted after a median follow-up of 32 mo (4-63). Among them, six had developed a recurrent episode of @entity4436 at a median follow-up of 12 mo (6-36); however, no @entity1 required hospitalization. Sixty-eight @entity1 (84%) were asymptomatic and 13 (16%) had recurrent @entity490 . CONCLUSION: Conservative policy is feasible and safe in 71% of cases, with a low medium-term recurrence risk.

title: Elective operation after acute XXXX : is it still mandatory?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'complicated diverticulitis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['diverticulitis']

answer: @entity532 :: (MESH:D003925,Disease) :: ['complicated diverticulitis']


abstract: In this study, the effects of surgical removal of @entity3478 with epiphysis preservation and knee arthroplasty were analyzed. A total of 15 @entity1 with @entity3478 were investigated. Six of these @entity1 underwent epiphyseal preservation surgery with preoperative physeal distraction, termed the physeal distraction (PD) group. Nine @entity1 underwent resection of the knee joint, combined with metal prosthesis transfer, termed the knee arthroplasty (KA) group. Tumor control, limb length discrepancy, range of movement (ROM) of the knee and functional outcome of lower limb [Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score and the Toronto extremity salvage score (TESS)] were assessed for these two groups. All 15 @entity1 were followed-up after the surgery. One @entity1 in the PD group was found to have @entity2 metastasis; however, no local @entity5 recurrence was found. In the KA group, local @entity5 recurrence was found in one @entity1 , and lung metastases were observed in two cases postoperatively. The limb length discrepancy in @entity1 of the PD group was 2.58  0.27 cm, which was significantly less compared with that in @entity1 in the KA group (4.01  0.13 cm; P<0.05). In addition, the lower limb knee ROM in @entity1 in the PD group was 127.70  14.63  , which was increased compared to that in @entity1 in the KA group (105.70  15.48  ; P<0.05). The mean MSTS score was 86.67% with a mean TESS of 82.33% in @entity1 from the PD group, which showed no significant difference compared with the respective scores for @entity1 in the KA group (P>0.05). Therefore, epiphyseal sparing limb-saving surgeries should be considered for the treatment of @entity3478 in @entity1 , when certain indications are satisfied.

title: Effects of metaphyseal XXXX removal with preservation of the epiphysis and knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumor']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['malignant metaphyseal bone tumors']

answer: @entity3478 :: (MESH:D001859,Disease) :: ['bone tumor']


abstract: @entity2026 is prevalent in @entity1 following @entity64 , which can have a significant impact on the quality of life of the @entity1 with @entity64 . One of the new methods for treatment of @entity1 with @entity2026 is @entity34 ( @entity34 ). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of @entity51 in individuals with chronic @entity2026 . This study had a prospective, single-subject study with A-B-A design. The @entity34 was administered to two @entity1 with chronic @entity2026 . @entity1 were a 57-year-old male and a 45-year-old female and had a @entity64 60 and 36 months ago, respectively. In this study, the naming test was used as the outcome measure. The naming test was administered in three baseline sessions with 1 week interval between tests (phase A). @entity1 received @entity34 for four consecutive weeks (3 days/week). Four measurements were taken during the treatment phase (phase B). In follow-up phase (phase A) two other measurements were performed. Visual analysis consisting of level, regression line, and variability were used to determine the effects of @entity34 on naming. Both @entity1 increased scores on naming test after phase A and B. The mean of the naming score improved from the baseline to the intervention phase in both @entity1 . There was a positive trend in naming scores during the treatment phase compared with the trend in the baseline demonstrated by both @entity1 . The results of this study showed that the @entity34 can be effective in improving the naming deficit in @entity1 with chronic post- @entity64 @entity2026 .

title: A Single-subject Study to Examine the Effects of Constrained-induced XXXX Therapy on Naming Deficit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['CIAT on naming deficits']

entities_list: @entity2026 :: ('MESH:D001037', 'Disease') :: ['Aphasia', 'aphasia']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['CIAT', 'constraint-induced aphasia therapy']

answer: @entity2026 :: (MESH:D001037,Disease) :: ['Aphasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Activating mutations in the @entity18811 ( @entity18811 ) cause autosomal dominant @entity8 ( @entity8 ). @entity18811 expression is upregulated in renal biopsies of @entity1 with @entity8157 ( @entity8157 ) and animal models thereof. In @entity8157 , disease progression is characterized by @entity631 . In addition, a context-dependent @entity18811 overexpression was recently suggested in complement-mediated podocyte injury in e.g. @entity8157 . Hence, we hypothesized that genetic variants in @entity18811 might affect susceptibility to development or progression of @entity8157 . METHODS _ RESULTS: Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 101 @entity8157 @entity1 and 292 controls. By direct sequencing of the entire @entity18811 gene, 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the @entity8157 cohort, two of which were causing an @entity535 substitution ( @entity70812 ; @entity70813 and @entity70814 , @entity70815 ). No statistically significant differences in genotypes or allele frequencies between @entity1 and controls were observed. Clinical outcome in @entity1 was determined (remission n=26, @entity177 n=46, persistent @entity644 n=29, follow-up median 80 months {range 51-166}). The 13 identified SNPs showed no association with remission or @entity177 . There were no differences in genotypes or allele frequencies between @entity1 in remission and progressors. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that @entity18811 polymorphisms do not affect susceptibility to @entity8157 , or clinical outcome in @entity8157 .

title: @entity18811 single nucleotide polymorphisms and progression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['FSGS', 'focal segmental glomerular sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity70815 :: ('p|SUB|A|404|V', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Ala404Val']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity18811 :: ('7225', 'Gene') :: ['TRPC6', 'Transient Receptor Potential channel C6']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity70813 :: ('p|SUB|P|15|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Pro15Ser']

entities_list: @entity8157 :: ('MESH:D015433', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic membranous glomerulopathy', 'iMN']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['idiopathic membranous nephropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Activating mutations in the @entity18811 ( @entity18811 ) cause autosomal dominant @entity8 ( @entity8 ). @entity18811 expression is upregulated in renal biopsies of @entity1 with @entity8157 ( @entity8157 ) and animal models thereof. In @entity8157 , disease progression is characterized by @entity631 . In addition, a context-dependent @entity18811 overexpression was recently suggested in complement-mediated podocyte injury in e.g. @entity8157 . Hence, we hypothesized that genetic variants in @entity18811 might affect susceptibility to development or progression of @entity8157 . METHODS _ RESULTS: Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 101 @entity8157 @entity1 and 292 controls. By direct sequencing of the entire @entity18811 gene, 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the @entity8157 cohort, two of which were causing an @entity535 substitution ( @entity70812 ; @entity70813 and @entity70814 , @entity70815 ). No statistically significant differences in genotypes or allele frequencies between @entity1 and controls were observed. Clinical outcome in @entity1 was determined (remission n=26, @entity177 n=46, persistent @entity644 n=29, follow-up median 80 months {range 51-166}). The 13 identified SNPs showed no association with remission or @entity177 . There were no differences in genotypes or allele frequencies between @entity1 in remission and progressors. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that @entity18811 polymorphisms do not affect susceptibility to @entity8157 , or clinical outcome in @entity8157 .

title: XXXX single nucleotide polymorphisms and progression of @entity8 .

answer: @entity18811 :: (7225,Gene) :: ['TRPC6']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate changes in urinary nerve growth factor (uNGF) in @entity1 with symptomatic detrusor overactivity (DO) following @entity1897 ( @entity1897 ) for sacral neuromodulation vs controls. STUDY DESIGN: There were 23 subjects with @entity2182 and DO who failed management with anticholinergics and 22 controls consented to participate in this prospective pilot study. Urine specimens were collected from controls at baseline for evaluation of uNGF and @entity1011 . Subjects were evaluated at baseline and 5 days after a trial of sacral nerve stimulation referred to as a @entity1897 . Each visit included urine collection for uNGF and, Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire, Urinary Distress Inventory Questionnaire, postvoid residual volume, and a 3-day voiding diary. uNGF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and expressed as uNGF pg/ @entity1011 mg. RESULTS: Subjects with DO had significantly higher baseline uNGF  levels (corrected for @entity1011 ) compared with controls (19.82 pg/mg vs 7.88 pg/mg, P < .002). Seventeen DO subjects underwent @entity1897 and were evaluated at the end of the testing period. There was a significant improvement in quality of life scores for subjects after @entity1897 compared with baseline (Urinary Distress Inventory Questionnaire: 7.0 vs 13.7, P < .001; Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire: 87.3 vs 52.8, P < .0001). Concordantly, uNGF levels significantly decreased from 17.23 pg/mg to 9.24 pg/mg (P < .02) after @entity1897 . CONCLUSION: uNGF levels decrease with symptomatic response in DO subjects undergoing @entity1897 . DO subjects had significantly higher uNGF at baseline vs controls, and uNGF levels significantly decreased after only 5 days of sacral nerve stimulation. These findings support a larger study to validate the use of uNGF as an objective tool to assess therapeutic outcome in @entity1 undergoing @entity1897 for sacral neuromodulation.

title: Sacral nerve stimulation reduces elevated urinary nerve growth factor levels in XXXX with symptomatic detrusor overactivity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve evaluation', 'PNE']

entities_list: @entity2182 :: ('MESH:D053201', 'Disease') :: ['overactive bladder symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To characterize pathological and @entity5 -specific outcomes of surgically resected @entity703 and to identify clinical or radiographic features associated with these outcomes. METHODS AND MATERIALS: All @entity1 at our institution who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy for complex renal cystic masses between 2004 and 2011 with available computed tomographic imaging were included. The Bosniak score was determined, as were 10 specific radiographic characteristics of @entity8 in @entity1 with preoperative imaging available for review. These characteristics were correlated with @entity3928 histopathology. Recurrence-free survival after surgery was determined. RESULTS: Overall, 133 @entity1 underwent renal surgery for complex cystic lesions, 89 (67%) of whom had malignant lesions. Malignancy risk increased with Bosniak score (P <=0.01) and presence of mural nodules (P = 0.01). Most (63%) @entity5 demonstrated clear cell histology. The @entity1358 (25%) exhibited lower enhancement levels (P = 0.04) and were less often septated (P<0.01). Of the @entity5 , 79% were low stage ( @entity2558 ), and 73% were Fuhrman grade 1 or 2. Large cyst size was associated with advanced @entity5 stage (P = 0.05). Neither Bosniak score nor any other radiographic parameter was associated with Fuhrman grade. In 70 @entity1 with a median follow-up of 43 months, only 1 (1.4%) developed disease recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity8 are low-stage, low-grade lesions. @entity1358 account for nearly a quarter of @entity8 and have unique radiographic characteristics. Disease recurrence after surgical resection is rare. These findings suggest an indolent behavior for @entity703 , and these lesions may be amenable to active surveillance.

title: Pathological characteristics and radiographic correlates of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal cysts', 'cystic renal malignancies']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['cystic mass']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['Papillary renal cell carcinomas', 'papillary renal cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['cystic renal tumors']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['complex renal cysts']


abstract: AIMS: Incidence of primary @entity4617 (PCTs) is not known. Literature data derive from autoptic studies or echocardiographic registries. An incidence of 1 of 1000 autoptic and 1.5 of 1000 echocardiographic study is reported but data from a general population are not available. The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence rate of PCTs in the general population. METHODS: All @entity1 with suspected cardiac mass were evaluated with basal echocardiogram and/or transesophageal echocardiogram/cardiac magnetic resonance by Grosseto's cardiology department, the county referral center for both adult and pediatric populations. Diagnosis was confirmed at surgical excision (32), autoptic specimens (3) or by multimodal imaging when surgery was not indicated (7). The database of the county health system was interrogated to identify residents with The International Classification of Diseases-9 codes of @entity10921 . Forty-two consecutive cases of PCTs were diagnosed from 1 January 1998, through 31 December 2011, among residents in Grosseto's county. RESULTS: Incidence rate of PCTs was 1.38 of 100000 inhabitants per year. PCTs were benign in 38 @entity1 (90.5%) and malignant in four (9.5%). Twenty @entity3291 were found (48%), followed by seven fibroelastomas (15%), six @entity362 (15%), three @entity4618 (8%), two @entity2695 (5%), two @entity242 (5%), one @entity706 (2%) and one @entity2698 (2%). Incidence of benign @entity10921 was 1.24 of 100000/year; referring only to @entity3291 we found an incidence of 0.68 of 100000/year. CONCLUSION: This is the first population study on @entity10921 , a @entity395 with an incidence rate of 1.38 new cases per 100,000 residents per year.

title: Incidence rate of primary XXXX : a 14-year population study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2698 :: ('MESH:D006393', 'Disease') :: ['pericardial hemangiopericytoma']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tumors']

entities_list: @entity4618 :: ('MESH:D012207', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyomas']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

answer: @entity4617 :: (MESH:D006338,Disease) :: ['cardiac tumors']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Through clinical observation of @entity738 after CO    laser cordectomy under suspensive laryngoscope to discuss the effects of laryngopharyngeal reflux(LPR) to @entity130 . METHODS: According to the classification of depth and range of CO    laser cordectomy, 111 cases were divided into 5 groups, and the incidence of postoperative @entity738 of each group was observed. The largest number of the 5 groups was 49 cases of type III CO    laser cordectomy which was subdivided into 4 groups according to whether or not laryngopharyngeal reflux and whether or not proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment. RESULTS: In 111 cases, 56 cases (50.5%) developed @entity738 after CO    laser cordectomy. The incidence of @entity130 after surgery was 10% (1/10), 26.1% (6/23), 53.1% (26/49), 78.6% (11/14), 80.0% (12/15) in I, II, III, IV, V type, respectively. It had statistical significance in chi-square test between 5 kinds of operative classification and the incidences of postoperative @entity738 (     = 20.32, P < 0.01) and Spearman correlation analysis showed positive correlation between classification of operation and incidences of @entity738 (r = 0.44, P < 0.01). According to LPR (-), LPR (+)and PPI (+), PPI (-), the incidence of @entity738 had statistical significance in these 4 group @entity1 of 49 type III cases (    = 5.83, P < 0.05). The incidence of @entity738 after surgery was the lowest in LPR (-) PPI (+) group (30%) and the highest in LPR (+) PPI (-) group (80%), and it showed significant difference (     = 6.25, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: With the @entity101 and the range after CO    laser cordectomy, it appears rising trend in incidence of @entity738 . @entity8823 and PPI therapy on the incidence of @entity130 has certain influence.

title: [Clinical observation of XXXX after CO    laser cordectomy and laryngopharyngeal reflux].

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase of removal depth']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granuloma']

entities_list: @entity8823 :: ('MESH:D057045', 'Disease') :: ['Laryngopharyngeal reflux']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic granuloma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['traumatic granuloma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of residual articular @entity1833 after Bennett's @entity174 on load distribution of the joint surface. Our aim was to investigate whether a residual joint step and the altered load distribution led to negative clinical outcomes or symptomatic @entity179 of the trapeziometacarpal joint. @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-four @entity1 were available for long-term follow-up examination and were contacted by phone, and they returned for follow-up examination. Computed tomography (CT) scans of both carpometacarpal (CMC) joints were performed. CT scans were taken in the sagittal plane of the forearms with a slice thickness of 0.625 mm for three-dimensional reconstruction. The CMC joints were analysed due to a residual step in the joint. Only @entity1 with a residual step-off were included in this study. To determine the areas of maximum density in the joint, CT-osteoabsorptiometry was performed. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 had the maximum loading area radial and two @entity1 central. The second major position of mineralization was detected central in four @entity1 , volar-ulnar in two @entity1 , radial in one @entity1 , dorso-radial in one @entity1 , volar in one @entity1 and volar-radial in two @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Finally, no higher loading in the area of the beak fragment could be found. The Wagner technique, even if it results in a persistent 1-2-mm intra-articular step-off of the beak fragment, is still the favourable method for the treatment of @entity174 .

title: Pressure distribution in carpometacarpal joint, due to step-off in operatively treated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['incongruity']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ["Bennett's luxation fractures", 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Bennett's fractures']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Constitutive activation of @entity3962 pathway, that is activated by various stimuli including growth factors and oncogenic driver mutations, is observed in various @entity5 . However, the difference of the activated levels of the pathway is still unclear in clinical significances. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different @entity1366 pathway activation, assessed by the expression levels of phosphorylated (p) @entity1366 , on the prognosis of advanced @entity2220 @entity1 . @entity982 -embedded lung biopsy samples were obtained from 85 @entity2220 @entity1 . Correlation between pERK1/2 expression levels that were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis and oncogenic driver mutation status, clinicopathological factors, outcome from standard anticancer therapies, and prognosis was investigated. Varying levels of pERK1/2 expression were observed in 68 (80.0  %) @entity1 . The overall survival was significantly reduced in @entity1 with higher pERK1/2 expression in comparison to those with lower expression levels (P  =  0.03). In particular, higher pERK1/2 expression levels correlated with worse performance status and worse clinical outcome. Thus, the IHC analysis of pERK1/2 expression levels may predict @entity1 prognosis in advanced @entity2220 . Inhibition of @entity1366 pathway activated by various signals may improve the effects of standard chemotherapies and the clinical condition of @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Increased phosphorylation of @entity1366 is associated with worse chemotherapeutic outcome and a poor prognosis in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'advanced cancer']

entities_list: @entity3962 :: ('5594;5595', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2220 :: (MESH:C538231,Disease) :: ['lung adenocarcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Constitutive activation of @entity3962 pathway, that is activated by various stimuli including growth factors and oncogenic driver mutations, is observed in various @entity5 . However, the difference of the activated levels of the pathway is still unclear in clinical significances. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different @entity1366 pathway activation, assessed by the expression levels of phosphorylated (p) @entity1366 , on the prognosis of advanced @entity2220 @entity1 . @entity982 -embedded lung biopsy samples were obtained from 85 @entity2220 @entity1 . Correlation between pERK1/2 expression levels that were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis and oncogenic driver mutation status, clinicopathological factors, outcome from standard anticancer therapies, and prognosis was investigated. Varying levels of pERK1/2 expression were observed in 68 (80.0  %) @entity1 . The overall survival was significantly reduced in @entity1 with higher pERK1/2 expression in comparison to those with lower expression levels (P  =  0.03). In particular, higher pERK1/2 expression levels correlated with worse performance status and worse clinical outcome. Thus, the IHC analysis of pERK1/2 expression levels may predict @entity1 prognosis in advanced @entity2220 . Inhibition of @entity1366 pathway activated by various signals may improve the effects of standard chemotherapies and the clinical condition of @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Increased phosphorylation of XXXX is associated with worse chemotherapeutic outcome and a poor prognosis in advanced @entity2220 .

answer: @entity1366 :: (5595;5594,Gene) :: ['ERK1/2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, diagnostic criteria and differential diagnosis of @entity2695 . METHODS: Twenty-five cases of @entity2695 were analyzed for their clinical data, histomorphology and immumohisto chemical staining. Relevant literature was reviewed. RESULTS: The average age of the 25 @entity1 was 29 years. Fourteen @entity1 had full-term pregnancy, 10 had @entity3152 , and 1 had @entity5617 . Nineteen @entity1 had pregnancy complications. The @entity5 presented as red or dusty pink nodules with clear borders. The @entity5 size ranged from 1 to 16 cm. Microscopically, the @entity5 possessed abundant capillaries or cavernous blood spaces lined by hyperplastic endothelial cells. These cells were positive for @entity2280 and Ki-67 index < 10%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2695 is a rare @entity5 , and is associated with various pregnancy complications. Misdiagnosis of cell-rich type @entity5 should be avoided.

title: [Clinicopathologic study of 25 cases of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labor']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['placental chorioangioma', 'Placental chorioangioma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumor of the placenta', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity5617 :: ('MESH:D005313', 'Disease') :: ['intrauterine fetal death']

answer: @entity2695 :: (MESH:D006391,Disease) :: ['placental chorioangioma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Relapse rates are high amongst @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ) suggesting that some alterations induced by @entity1278 may remain after weight restoration. OBJECTIVE: To study the consequences of @entity1278 without confounds of environmental variability, a rodent model of activity-based @entity448 (ABA) can be employed. We hypothesized that exposure to ABA during adolescence may have long-term consequences in taste function, cognition, and @entity148 -like behavior after weight restoration. METHODS: To test this hypothesis, we exposed adolescent female @entity35 to ABA (1.5 h food access, combined with @entity2798 ) and compared their behavior to that of control @entity35 after weight restoration was achieved. The @entity35 were tested for learning/memory, @entity148 , food preference, and taste in a set of behavioral tests performed during the light period. RESULTS: Our data show that ABA exposure leads to reduced performance during the novel object recognition task, a test for contextual learning, without altering performance in the novel place recognition task or the Barnes maze, both tasks that test spatial learning. Furthermore, we do not observe alterations in unconditioned lick responses to @entity969 nor @entity4807 (described by @entity1 as "sweet" and "bitter," respectively). Nor Do we find alterations in @entity148 -like behavior during an elevated plus maze or an open field test. Finally, preference for a diet high in fat is not altered. DISCUSSION: Overall, our data suggest that ABA exposure during adolescence impairs contextual learning in adulthood without altering spatial leaning, taste, @entity148 , or fat preference.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:169-181).

title: Exposure to activity-based @entity448 impairs contextual learning in weight-restored @entity35 without affecting spatial learning, taste, XXXX , or dietary-fat preference.

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['AN', 'cases of anorexia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity2798 :: ('MESH:D009155', 'Disease') :: ['voluntary running wheel access']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Relapse rates are high amongst @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ) suggesting that some alterations induced by @entity1278 may remain after weight restoration. OBJECTIVE: To study the consequences of @entity1278 without confounds of environmental variability, a rodent model of activity-based @entity448 (ABA) can be employed. We hypothesized that exposure to ABA during adolescence may have long-term consequences in taste function, cognition, and @entity148 -like behavior after weight restoration. METHODS: To test this hypothesis, we exposed adolescent female @entity35 to ABA (1.5 h food access, combined with @entity2798 ) and compared their behavior to that of control @entity35 after weight restoration was achieved. The @entity35 were tested for learning/memory, @entity148 , food preference, and taste in a set of behavioral tests performed during the light period. RESULTS: Our data show that ABA exposure leads to reduced performance during the novel object recognition task, a test for contextual learning, without altering performance in the novel place recognition task or the Barnes maze, both tasks that test spatial learning. Furthermore, we do not observe alterations in unconditioned lick responses to @entity969 nor @entity4807 (described by @entity1 as "sweet" and "bitter," respectively). Nor Do we find alterations in @entity148 -like behavior during an elevated plus maze or an open field test. Finally, preference for a diet high in fat is not altered. DISCUSSION: Overall, our data suggest that ABA exposure during adolescence impairs contextual learning in adulthood without altering spatial leaning, taste, @entity148 , or fat preference.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:169-181).

title: Exposure to activity-based XXXX impairs contextual learning in weight-restored @entity35 without affecting spatial learning, taste, @entity148 , or dietary-fat preference.

answer: @entity448 :: (MESH:D000855,Disease) :: ['anorexia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Relapse rates are high amongst @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ) suggesting that some alterations induced by @entity1278 may remain after weight restoration. OBJECTIVE: To study the consequences of @entity1278 without confounds of environmental variability, a rodent model of activity-based @entity448 (ABA) can be employed. We hypothesized that exposure to ABA during adolescence may have long-term consequences in taste function, cognition, and @entity148 -like behavior after weight restoration. METHODS: To test this hypothesis, we exposed adolescent female @entity35 to ABA (1.5 h food access, combined with @entity2798 ) and compared their behavior to that of control @entity35 after weight restoration was achieved. The @entity35 were tested for learning/memory, @entity148 , food preference, and taste in a set of behavioral tests performed during the light period. RESULTS: Our data show that ABA exposure leads to reduced performance during the novel object recognition task, a test for contextual learning, without altering performance in the novel place recognition task or the Barnes maze, both tasks that test spatial learning. Furthermore, we do not observe alterations in unconditioned lick responses to @entity969 nor @entity4807 (described by @entity1 as "sweet" and "bitter," respectively). Nor Do we find alterations in @entity148 -like behavior during an elevated plus maze or an open field test. Finally, preference for a diet high in fat is not altered. DISCUSSION: Overall, our data suggest that ABA exposure during adolescence impairs contextual learning in adulthood without altering spatial leaning, taste, @entity148 , or fat preference.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:169-181).

title: Exposure to activity-based @entity448 impairs contextual learning in weight-restored XXXX without affecting spatial learning, taste, @entity148 , or dietary-fat preference.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recurrent @entity4710 as a result of residual atrial arrhythmogenic substrates after @entity955 ( @entity955 ) ablation. In @entity1 with @entity955 , electrograms with reduced amplitudes indicate diseased myocardium. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the distribution of low-voltage areas and the type of induced @entity4710 . METHODS: Our prospective observational study enrolled 152 consecutive @entity955 @entity1 scheduled for an initial ablation (46% persistent @entity955 ). After @entity358 , voltage mapping was performed during sinus rhythm, and regions with reduced electrogram amplitudes (<0.5 mV) were defined as low-voltage areas. Burst pacing was performed to investigate the inducibility of @entity4710 . RESULTS: Low-voltage areas were more frequently observed in @entity1 with persistent @entity955 than paroxysmal @entity955 (50% vs 34%, P = .048). A higher proportion of @entity1 with low-voltage areas presented with inducibility of @entity4710 than those without, as follows: @entity955 70% vs 16% (P = .0001); perimitral macroreentrant @entity591 ( @entity591 ) 18% vs 0% (P = .0001); and roof-dependent macroreentrant @entity591 13% vs 0% (P = .01). Investigation into the regional distribution of low-voltage areas revealed that @entity1 with perimitral macroreentrant @entity591 more frequently coincided with low-voltage areas than those without in the septal (100% vs 18%, P <.0001) and anterior regions (55% vs 11%, P = .001), and those with roof-dependent @entity591 in the roof (75% vs 15%, P <.0001) and posterior regions (75% vs 15%, P = .0001). CONCLUSION: Low-voltage areas are associated with high inducibility of @entity4710 after @entity358 . In addition, the distribution of low-voltage areas is specific for each type of macroreentrant @entity591 .

title: Influence of underlying substrate on @entity4710 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachycardia', 'AT']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vein isolation']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachyarrhythmias occur', 'atrial tachyarrhythmias']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary vein isolation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recurrent @entity4710 as a result of residual atrial arrhythmogenic substrates after @entity955 ( @entity955 ) ablation. In @entity1 with @entity955 , electrograms with reduced amplitudes indicate diseased myocardium. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the distribution of low-voltage areas and the type of induced @entity4710 . METHODS: Our prospective observational study enrolled 152 consecutive @entity955 @entity1 scheduled for an initial ablation (46% persistent @entity955 ). After @entity358 , voltage mapping was performed during sinus rhythm, and regions with reduced electrogram amplitudes (<0.5 mV) were defined as low-voltage areas. Burst pacing was performed to investigate the inducibility of @entity4710 . RESULTS: Low-voltage areas were more frequently observed in @entity1 with persistent @entity955 than paroxysmal @entity955 (50% vs 34%, P = .048). A higher proportion of @entity1 with low-voltage areas presented with inducibility of @entity4710 than those without, as follows: @entity955 70% vs 16% (P = .0001); perimitral macroreentrant @entity591 ( @entity591 ) 18% vs 0% (P = .0001); and roof-dependent macroreentrant @entity591 13% vs 0% (P = .01). Investigation into the regional distribution of low-voltage areas revealed that @entity1 with perimitral macroreentrant @entity591 more frequently coincided with low-voltage areas than those without in the septal (100% vs 18%, P <.0001) and anterior regions (55% vs 11%, P = .001), and those with roof-dependent @entity591 in the roof (75% vs 15%, P <.0001) and posterior regions (75% vs 15%, P = .0001). CONCLUSION: Low-voltage areas are associated with high inducibility of @entity4710 after @entity358 . In addition, the distribution of low-voltage areas is specific for each type of macroreentrant @entity591 .

title: Influence of underlying substrate on XXXX after @entity358 .

answer: @entity4710 :: (MESH:D013617,Disease) :: ['atrial tachyarrhythmias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between the lumbar vertebra @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, waistline, hipline, bone marrow and abdomen fat, and to explore the key factor affecting the @entity79 . METHODS: A total of 72 cases were randomly recruited. All the subjects underwent a spectroscopic examination of the third lumber vertebra with single-voxel method in 1.5T MR. Lipid fractions (FF%) were measured. Quantitative CT were also performed to get the @entity79 of L3 and the corresponding abdomen @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) and @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ). The statistical analysis were performed by SPSS 19.0. RESULTS: Multiple linear regression showed except the age and FF% showed significant difference (P<0.05) , the gender, height, weight, BMI, waistline, hipline, @entity1386 and @entity1386 showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The correlation of age and FF% with @entity79 was statistically negatively significant (r=-0.830, -0.521, P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivety and specificity of predicting @entity170 were 81.8% and 86.9%, with a threshold of 58.5 years old. And it showed that the sensitivety and specificity of predicting @entity170 were 90.9% and 55.7%, with a threshold of 52.8% for FF%. CONCLUSION: The lumbar vertebra @entity79 was significantly and negatively correlated with age and bone marrow FF%, but it was not significantly correlated with gender, height, weight, BMI, waistline, hipline, @entity1386 and @entity1386 . And age was the critical factor.

title: [Multiple linear regression and ROC curve analysis of the factors of lumbar spine XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous adipose tissue', 'visceral adipose tissue', 'SAT', 'VAT']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['bone mineral density']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) was recently created to allow the development of treatments according to the specific balance system affected in each @entity1 . The Brazilian version of the BESTest has not been specifically tested after @entity64 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the intra- and inter-rater reliability and concurrent and convergent validity of the total score of the BESTest and BESTest sections for adults with @entity1269 after @entity64 . METHOD: The study included 16 subjects (61.1    7.5 years) with chronic @entity1269 (54.5    43.5 months after @entity64 ). The BESTest was administered by two raters in the same week and one of the raters repeated the test after a one-week interval. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess intra- and interrater reliability. Concurrent validity with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and convergent validity with the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC-Brazil) were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Both the BESTest total score (ICC=0.98) and the BESTest sections (ICC between 0.85 and 0.96) have excellent intrarater reliability. Interrater reliability for the total score was excellent (ICC=0.93) and, for the sections, it ranged between 0.71 and 0.94. The correlation coefficient between the BESTest and the BBS and ABC-Brazil were 0.78 and 0.59, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian version of the BESTest demonstrated adequate reliability when measured by sections and could identify what balance system was affected in @entity1 after @entity64 . Concurrent validity was excellent with the BBS total score and good to excellent with the sections. The total scores but not the sections present adequate convergent validity with the ABC-Brazil. However, other psychometric properties should be further investigated.

title: Reliability of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and BESTest sections for adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

answer: @entity1269 :: (MESH:D010291,Disease) :: ['hemiparesis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transanal advancement flap repair fails in 1 of every 3 @entity1 with a high transsphincteric @entity292 . It has been reported that smoking, @entity28 , and previous attempts at repair adversely affect the outcome of transanal advancement flap repair. Because these findings could not be confirmed by other studies, it is still unclear whether these and other factors have an impact on the outcome. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of outcome in a large cohort of @entity1 who underwent transanal advancement flap repair for a high transsphincteric @entity292 . DESIGN: This study was performed as a retrospective review. SETTINGS: The study was conducted at the Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Erasmus MC, between 2000 and 2012. @entity1 : A consecutive series of 252 @entity1 with a high transsphincteric @entity292 of cryptoglandular origin were included. @entity1 with a rectovaginal or Crohn @entity292 were excluded. INTERVENTIONS: All @entity1 underwent transanal advancement flap repair. Preoperatively, @entity1 underwent endoanal MRI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Healing was defined as complete wound healing with absence of symptoms. @entity1 were followed up to assess failure. Seventeen @entity1 - and @entity292 -related variables were assessed. RESULTS: Median duration of follow-up was 21 months (range, 6-136 months). The failure rate at 3 years was 41% (95% CI, 34-48). None of the studied variables predicted the outcome of flap repair except horseshoe extension. In univariate and multivariate analyses, significantly less failures were observed in @entity1 with a horseshoe extension (p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS: Retrospective design, a single surgeon series, and potential selection bias caused by the tertiary referral center status are the limitations of this study. CONCLUSIONS: Of all studied variables, horseshoe extension was found to be the only positive predictor of outcome after flap repair for high transsphincteric @entity292 .

title: Predictors of outcome after transanal advancement flap repair for high transsphincteric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistulas']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This trial aimed to test the effectiveness of a wearable pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) device in the management of @entity158 in knee @entity571 @entity1 . METHODS: In this randomized [with equal randomization (1:1)], double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, @entity1 with radiographic evidence of knee @entity571 and persistent @entity158 higher than 40 mm on the visual analog scale (VAS) were recruited. The trial consisted of 12 h daily treatment for 1 month in 60 knee @entity571 @entity1 . The primary outcome measure was the reduction in @entity158 intensity, assessed through VAS and WOMAC scores. Secondary outcomes included quality of life assessment through the 36-item Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form version 2 (SF-36 v2), pressure @entity158 threshold (PPT) and changes in intake of NSAIDs/analgesics. RESULTS: Sixty-six @entity1 were included, and 60 completed the study. After 1 month, PEMF induced a significant reduction in @entity227 and WOMAC scores compared with placebo. Additionally, @entity158 tolerance, as expressed by PPT changes, and physical health improved in PEMF-treated @entity1 . A mean treatment effect of -0.73 (95% CI - 1.24 to - 0.19) was seen in VAS score, while the effect size was -0.34 (95% CI - 0.85 to 0.17) for WOMAC score. Twenty-six per cent of @entity1 in the PEMF group stopped NSAID/analgesic therapy. No adverse events were detected. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PEMF therapy is effective for @entity158 management in knee @entity571 @entity1 and also affects @entity158 threshold and physical functioning. Future larger studies, including head-to-head studies comparing PEMF therapy with standard pharmacological approaches in @entity571 , are warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01877278.

title: Pulsed electromagnetic fields in knee XXXX : a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Provide an evidence-based resource for the surveillance of @entity344 lesions, focusing on the scientific articles reported recently. RECENT FINDINGS: No randomized controlled clinical trials exist to definitively support the efficacy of surveillance programs for @entity355 and @entity356 . However, surveillance of these @entity75 is recommended by some of the leading organizations. To optimize the usefulness of surveillance programs, targeting high-risk @entity1 might maximize its benefits. A @entity355 segment of at least 3cm and evidence of @entity1944 can help stratify those @entity1 at highest risk for progression to @entity420 . The location, extent, and severity of @entity1944 are indicators of risk of developing @entity356 . @entity1 with extensive @entity1944 should be offered endoscopic surveillance. Quality in the baseline colonoscopy is crucial to decrease the risk of interval @entity14 . The importance of serrated @entity1127 , as well as their surveillance intervals, is emphasized. SUMMARY: To optimize the usefulness of surveillance programs, targeting high-risk @entity1 might maximize its benefits. Future research is needed to design more effective surveillance strategies. Recently, emerging imaging techniques hold promise for improving sensitivity of endoscopic surveillance of premalignant conditions in the gastrointestinal tract.

title: Endoscopic surveillance of XXXX lesions: current knowledge and future directions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ["Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal premalignant']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric intestinal metaplasia', 'gastric cancer']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal premalignant']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Several studies have demonstrated that soy isoflavone (SIF) supplementation can improve aspects of cognitive function. However, these findings remain controversial. We aimed to quantify the effects of SIF supplementation on improving cognitive function in postmenopausal @entity1 . METHODS: Databases and relevant Websites were searched for relevant studies up to March 2014. Two reviewers independently verified all potentially suitable @entity23 ( @entity23 ) using inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quality of identified @entity23 was assessed using the Jadad scale and the Risk of Bias Tool from the "Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions." Any disagreement on study quality or data extraction was resolved by consensus; a third reviewer was consulted if needed. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) in cognitive function test scores were calculated between SIF-treated and placebo-treated groups. RESULTS: We conducted a meta-analysis of 10 placebo-controlled @entity23 of SIF supplementation (1,024 @entity1 ; treatment duration of 6 wk to 30 mo). The overall @entity7126 in summary cognitive function test scores (0.08) was statistically significant (95% CI, 0.02-0.15; P = 0.014). The summary @entity7126 for visual memory (0.10) was statistically significant (95% CI, 0.02-0.18; P = 0.016). In subgroup analyses, the statistically significant SMDs were as follows: 0.12 (95% CI, 0-0.25; P = 0.044) for non-US countries; 0.16 (95% CI, 0.05-0.28; P = 0.004) for mean age younger than 60 years; and 0.15 (95% CI, 0.03-0.27; P = 0.011) for treatment duration less than 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: SIF supplementation seems to have a positive effect on improving summary cognitive function and visual memory in postmenopausal @entity1 . There may be a critical window of opportunity in initiating SIF use at an earlier age in postmenopausal @entity1 , and geography and treatment duration seem to be factors influencing the effects of SIF supplementation. All individuals in the included studies should be followed up to observe the incidence rates of @entity195 and @entity303 , and future studies should report any adverse effects of SIF supplementation.

title: Do soy isoflavones improve cognitive function in postmenopausal XXXX ? A meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomized controlled trials', 'RCTs']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: We aimed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of a FOLFOX7 regimen in the first-line treatment of metastatic @entity14 (mCRC) @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 were evaluated in two groups. Group A did not receive any treatment before, and group B had metastasectomy or metastasectomy plus @entity5 resection. RESULTS: In total, 132 mCRC @entity1 had received FOLFOX7 regimen. The A group consisted of 117 (88.6%) @entity1 , and group B consisted of 15 (11.4%) @entity1 . In the A group, 52.1% had an objective response, 9.4% complete response, 42.7% partial response, 24.8% stable response, and 23.1% progression, and there was a 54.5% rate of @entity5 resection, 22.2% rate of metastasectomy, 80.7% rate of R0 metastasectomy, 19.1% rate of R1 metastasectomy, 15 (10-19) months median progression-free survival, and 32 (22-41) months median overall survival. In the B group, 40 (4-70) months median disease-free survival and 58 (21-94) months median overall survival were found. When @entity137 were evaluated, grade 3/4 @entity137 was observed in 35.6%. Grade 3/4 hematologic @entity137 was the most frequently observed @entity137 (29.5%). CONCLUSION: FOLFOX7 regimen was found to be an efficient and safe regimen for the first-line treatment of mCRC @entity1 .

title: FOLFOX7 regimen in the first-line treatment of metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of @entity4184 / @entity6410 (BUD/FORM) for Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART  ) for @entity565 control. However, there are concerns regarding its over-use and effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: To examine @entity565 control and over-use of BUD/FORM in real-life situations. METHODS: This study was a hospital-based cross-sectional and multi-center design. @entity1 were enrolled if they were >12 years old, had persistent @entity565 , had received BUD/FORM SMART for 3 months or longer, and smoked less than 10 pack-year. RESULTS: Of the 792 @entity1 who used BUD/FORM for a mean of 28.2 months, all used BUD/FORM as maintenance and only 22.2% of the @entity1 required BUD/FORM to relieve symptoms. The average inhaled @entity228 dose used was 355.3  154.9 g/day (95% CI: 344.5 to 366.1). In 792 @entity1 , constituting 2,376 @entity1 -months of observations, there was only one @entity1 who used more than 12 puffs/ day of BUD/FORM for 3 days, with a rate of 0.015 days per @entity1 per year (95%CI: 0.003 to 0.044), without reporting any adverse events. The percentage of @entity565 control according to the Asthma Control Test score of 20 or greater was 86.5% (95% CI: 84.1 to 88.9). Overall, the rates per @entity1 per year of emergency room (ER) visits and hospital admissions were 0.18 and 0.21, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: BUD/FORM SMART is effective in real-life clinical practice. On average, @entity1 who received a low dose @entity134 in the form of BUD/FORM, had a satisfactorily high proportion of @entity565 control and had a low rate of ER visits and hospitalization. BUD/FORM maintenance and reliever therapy seems to be promising as a treatment approach for persistent @entity565 in every day clinical practice.

title: Role of @entity4184 / XXXX maintenance and reliever therapy: a pragmatic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'person']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['budesonide']

entities_list: @entity6410 :: ('MESH:C012629', 'Chemical') :: ['formoterol']

answer: @entity6410 :: (MESH:C012629,Chemical) :: ['formoterol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of @entity4184 / @entity6410 (BUD/FORM) for Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART  ) for @entity565 control. However, there are concerns regarding its over-use and effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: To examine @entity565 control and over-use of BUD/FORM in real-life situations. METHODS: This study was a hospital-based cross-sectional and multi-center design. @entity1 were enrolled if they were >12 years old, had persistent @entity565 , had received BUD/FORM SMART for 3 months or longer, and smoked less than 10 pack-year. RESULTS: Of the 792 @entity1 who used BUD/FORM for a mean of 28.2 months, all used BUD/FORM as maintenance and only 22.2% of the @entity1 required BUD/FORM to relieve symptoms. The average inhaled @entity228 dose used was 355.3  154.9 g/day (95% CI: 344.5 to 366.1). In 792 @entity1 , constituting 2,376 @entity1 -months of observations, there was only one @entity1 who used more than 12 puffs/ day of BUD/FORM for 3 days, with a rate of 0.015 days per @entity1 per year (95%CI: 0.003 to 0.044), without reporting any adverse events. The percentage of @entity565 control according to the Asthma Control Test score of 20 or greater was 86.5% (95% CI: 84.1 to 88.9). Overall, the rates per @entity1 per year of emergency room (ER) visits and hospital admissions were 0.18 and 0.21, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: BUD/FORM SMART is effective in real-life clinical practice. On average, @entity1 who received a low dose @entity134 in the form of BUD/FORM, had a satisfactorily high proportion of @entity565 control and had a low rate of ER visits and hospitalization. BUD/FORM maintenance and reliever therapy seems to be promising as a treatment approach for persistent @entity565 in every day clinical practice.

title: Role of XXXX / @entity6410 maintenance and reliever therapy: a pragmatic study.

answer: @entity4184 :: (MESH:D019819,Chemical) :: ['budesonide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Raising @entity1237 in settings that are highly contaminated with oocysts of @entity3204 may contribute significantly to @entity1 exposure to this zoonotic parasite. Increasing consumption of young @entity1237 in countries where @entity1237 are frequently reared in backyards that are also homes to @entity468 (the definitive host of this parasite) elevates such concern. To date, there has been little attention to either the prevalence or genotypic characteristics of @entity3204 isolates in young ruminant food animals in Europe. Here, we estimated the prevalence of @entity3204 @entity1237 -kids raised in backyards and slaughtered for @entity1 consumption during Easter. We collected 181 paired samples of serum and diaphragm. Serum samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against @entity3204 , and muscle tissues were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction to detect @entity3204 DNA. Thirty-two diaphragm samples were also bioassayed in @entity19 , and the isolates were genotyped using microsatellite markers. The overall seroprevalence of @entity3204 infection in @entity1237 -kids was 33.1% (60/181; 95% confidence interval [CI] 26.3-40.5%), and @entity3204 DNA was found in 6.1% (11/181; 95% CI 3.1-10.6) of the diaphragm samples. We isolated the parasite from 2 of 32 @entity1237 -kids, and the @entity3204 strains belonged to genotype II. The results showed that 1/3 of 3-mo-old @entity1237 may be infected with @entity3204 , and their consumption during Easter (as barbecue) may seriously compromise food safety as a result.

title: Traditional XXXX Husbandry May Substantially Contribute to @entity1 Toxoplasmosis Exposure.

entities_list: @entity3204 :: ('5811', 'Species') :: ['T. gondii', 'Toxoplasma gondii']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['Goat']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Raising @entity1237 in settings that are highly contaminated with oocysts of @entity3204 may contribute significantly to @entity1 exposure to this zoonotic parasite. Increasing consumption of young @entity1237 in countries where @entity1237 are frequently reared in backyards that are also homes to @entity468 (the definitive host of this parasite) elevates such concern. To date, there has been little attention to either the prevalence or genotypic characteristics of @entity3204 isolates in young ruminant food animals in Europe. Here, we estimated the prevalence of @entity3204 @entity1237 -kids raised in backyards and slaughtered for @entity1 consumption during Easter. We collected 181 paired samples of serum and diaphragm. Serum samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against @entity3204 , and muscle tissues were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction to detect @entity3204 DNA. Thirty-two diaphragm samples were also bioassayed in @entity19 , and the isolates were genotyped using microsatellite markers. The overall seroprevalence of @entity3204 infection in @entity1237 -kids was 33.1% (60/181; 95% confidence interval [CI] 26.3-40.5%), and @entity3204 DNA was found in 6.1% (11/181; 95% CI 3.1-10.6) of the diaphragm samples. We isolated the parasite from 2 of 32 @entity1237 -kids, and the @entity3204 strains belonged to genotype II. The results showed that 1/3 of 3-mo-old @entity1237 may be infected with @entity3204 , and their consumption during Easter (as barbecue) may seriously compromise food safety as a result.

title: Traditional @entity1237 Husbandry May Substantially Contribute to XXXX Toxoplasmosis Exposure.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity697 ( @entity697 ) is a highly contagious infection of the airways, presenting mostly in connection with common cold (CC). There is a high variance in duration and course of symptoms which, sooner or later, also may disappear spontaneously and change during the course of the disease. Therefore, assessment of treatment outcome is difficult. METHODS: Composite outcome measures are commonly used to examine the effects of pharmacotherapy in complex diseases. We discuss the features of the @entity3617 ( @entity3617 ) on the basis of the available literature. RESULTS: For the @entity3617 the five most important symptoms of @entity697 are rated by the @entity1 and the physician. Since its introduction in 1996, the @entity3617 has been used in many clinical trials evaluating treatment effects of @entity697 . Its score correlates well with clinical findings. As thorough validation analyses revealed, this applies even more to the @entity3617 subscales "cough domain" and "sputum domain". CONCLUSION: The validated @entity3617 appears to be a reliable tool to assess therapeutic effects in CC/ @entity697 . The @entity3617 and its subscales are recommended as outcome measures for future drug trials in CC/ @entity697 , but also help physicians to focus their consultation in @entity1 with CC/ @entity697 .

title: Assessment of the effect of pharmacotherapy in common cold/acute @entity3617 - the XXXX ( @entity3617 ).

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['BSS', 'Bronchitis Severity Scale']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['Acute bronchitis', 'AB']

answer: @entity3617 :: (MESH:D001991,Disease) :: ['Bronchitis Severity Scale']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity697 ( @entity697 ) is a highly contagious infection of the airways, presenting mostly in connection with common cold (CC). There is a high variance in duration and course of symptoms which, sooner or later, also may disappear spontaneously and change during the course of the disease. Therefore, assessment of treatment outcome is difficult. METHODS: Composite outcome measures are commonly used to examine the effects of pharmacotherapy in complex diseases. We discuss the features of the @entity3617 ( @entity3617 ) on the basis of the available literature. RESULTS: For the @entity3617 the five most important symptoms of @entity697 are rated by the @entity1 and the physician. Since its introduction in 1996, the @entity3617 has been used in many clinical trials evaluating treatment effects of @entity697 . Its score correlates well with clinical findings. As thorough validation analyses revealed, this applies even more to the @entity3617 subscales "cough domain" and "sputum domain". CONCLUSION: The validated @entity3617 appears to be a reliable tool to assess therapeutic effects in CC/ @entity697 . The @entity3617 and its subscales are recommended as outcome measures for future drug trials in CC/ @entity697 , but also help physicians to focus their consultation in @entity1 with CC/ @entity697 .

title: Assessment of the effect of pharmacotherapy in common cold/acute XXXX - the @entity3617 ( @entity3617 ).

answer: @entity3617 :: (MESH:D001991,Disease) :: ['bronchitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity697 ( @entity697 ) is a highly contagious infection of the airways, presenting mostly in connection with common cold (CC). There is a high variance in duration and course of symptoms which, sooner or later, also may disappear spontaneously and change during the course of the disease. Therefore, assessment of treatment outcome is difficult. METHODS: Composite outcome measures are commonly used to examine the effects of pharmacotherapy in complex diseases. We discuss the features of the @entity3617 ( @entity3617 ) on the basis of the available literature. RESULTS: For the @entity3617 the five most important symptoms of @entity697 are rated by the @entity1 and the physician. Since its introduction in 1996, the @entity3617 has been used in many clinical trials evaluating treatment effects of @entity697 . Its score correlates well with clinical findings. As thorough validation analyses revealed, this applies even more to the @entity3617 subscales "cough domain" and "sputum domain". CONCLUSION: The validated @entity3617 appears to be a reliable tool to assess therapeutic effects in CC/ @entity697 . The @entity3617 and its subscales are recommended as outcome measures for future drug trials in CC/ @entity697 , but also help physicians to focus their consultation in @entity1 with CC/ @entity697 .

title: Assessment of the effect of pharmacotherapy in common cold/acute @entity3617 - the @entity3617 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity3617 :: (MESH:D001991,Disease) :: ['BSS']


abstract: PURPOSE: Rituximab maintenance therapy has been shown to improve progression-free survival in @entity1 with @entity706 ; however, the optimal duration of maintenance treatment remains unknown. @entity1 AND METHODS: Two hundred seventy @entity1 with untreated, relapsed, stable, or chemotherapy-resistant @entity706 were treated with four doses of rituximab monotherapy in weekly intervals (375 mg/m(2)). @entity1 achieving at least a partial response were randomly assigned to receive maintenance therapy with one infusion of rituximab every 2 months, either on a short-term schedule (four administrations) or a long-term schedule (maximum of 5 years or until disease progression or unacceptable @entity137 ). The primary end point was event-free survival (EFS). Progression-free survival, @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and @entity137 were secondary end points. Comparisons between the two arms were performed using the log-rank test for survival end points. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-five @entity1 were randomly assigned to the short-term (n = 82) or long-term (n = 83) maintenance arms. Because of the low event rate, the final analysis was performed after 95 events had occurred, which was before the targeted event number of 99 had been reached. At a median follow-up period of 6.4 years, the median EFS was 3.4 years (95% CI, 2.1 to 5.3) in the short-term arm and 5.3 years (95% CI, 3.5 to not available) in the long-term arm (P = .14). @entity1 in the long-term arm experienced more adverse effects than did those in the short-term arm, with 76% v 50% of @entity1 with at least one adverse event (P < .001), five versus one @entity1 with grade 3 and 4 infections, and three versus zero @entity1 discontinuing treatment because of unacceptable @entity137 , respectively. There was no difference in @entity1349 between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Long-term rituximab maintenance therapy does not improve EFS, which was the primary end point of this trial, or @entity1349 , and was associated with increased @entity137 .

title: Rituximab Maintenance for a Maximum of 5 Years After Single-Agent Rituximab Induction in XXXX : Results of the Randomized Controlled Phase III Trial SAKK 35/03.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['follicular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['Follicular Lymphoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:: Intravenous (IV) @entity1363 is the preferred cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A probe for phenotyping, with systemic clearance (CL) estimating hepatic @entity5322 activity. A limited sampling strategy was conducted to determine whether partial area under the concentration-time curves (AUCs) could reliably estimate @entity1363 systemic CL during conditions of @entity5322 baseline activity, inhibition, and induction/activation. METHODS:: @entity1363 plasma concentrations during @entity5322 baseline (n = 93), inhibition (n = 40), and induction/activation (n = 33) were obtained from 7 studies in healthy adults. Noncompartmental analysis determined observed CL (CLobs) and partial AUCs. Linear regression equations were derived from partial AUCs to estimate CL (CLpred) during @entity5322 baseline, inhibition, and induction/activation. Preestablished criterion for linear regression analysis was r >=  0.9. CLpred was compared with CLobs, and relative bias and precision were assessed using percent mean prediction error and percent mean absolute error. RESULTS:: During @entity5322 baseline and inhibition, all evaluated partial AUCs failed to meet criterion of r >=  0.9 and/or percent mean absolute error <15%. During @entity5322 induction/activation, equations derived from partial AUCs from 0 to 1 hour (AUC0-1), 0 to 2 hours (AUC0-2), and 0 to 4 hours (AUC0-4) were acceptable, with good precision and minimal bias. These equations provided the same conclusions regarding equivalency testing compared with intense sampling. CONCLUSIONS:: During @entity5322 induction/activation, but not baseline or inhibition, @entity1363 partial AUC0-1, AUC0-2, and AUC0-4 reliably estimated systemic CL and consequently hepatic @entity5322 activity in healthy adults.

title: Limited Sampling Strategy of Partial Area Under the Concentration-Time Curves to Estimate XXXX Systemic Clearance for Cytochrome P450 3A Phenotyping.

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['Midazolam', 'midazolam']

answer: @entity1363 :: (MESH:D008874,Chemical) :: ['Midazolam']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program mandates reimbursement reductions to hospitals with higher than expected rates of readmissions. We examine causes and predictors of readmissions following major procedures in urologic oncology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, @entity1 undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP), radical (RN) or @entity1625 ( @entity1625 ), and radical cystectomy (RC) during the year 2012 were abstracted. Rates of unplanned readmission within 30 days after surgery, as well as causes of readmission, were identified. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to examine the association between @entity1 perioperative factors and odds of readmission. RESULTS: Overall, we observed a 5.5% unplanned 30-day readmission rate. Readmission rates for @entity1 treated with RP, RN, @entity1625 , and RC were 4.1%, 5.2%, 4.5%, and 15.9%, respectively. For each procedure, approximately two-third of readmissions occurred within the first 10 days following hospital discharge. Commonest causes of readmission after RP included @entity1031 (13.6%), wound (12.2%), renal/genitourinary (12.2%), and gastrointestinal (11.8%); after RN, wound (12.9%) and gastrointestinal (12.9%); after @entity1625 , renal/genitourinary (19.6%), cardiovascular (9.8%), and @entity548 / @entity1410 (9.8%); and after RC, renal/genitourinary (15.5%), wound (14.8%), and @entity295 / @entity281 (14.1%). RC was significantly associated with readmission. @entity1 undergoing open RP or @entity1625 were more likely to be readmitted relative to their minimally invasive counterparts (odds ratio = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.12-2.08, P = 0.007 and odds ratio = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.38-4.55, P = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Readmissions are relatively common following major urologic oncology procedures. Compared with RP, RN, or @entity1625 , RC @entity1 experience the highest burden of readmission. @entity1211 is a common modifiable cause of readmission following @entity5 surgery. Minimally invasive approach is associated with decreased odds of readmission following RP and @entity1625 .

title: Causes of hospital readmissions after XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['PN', 'partial nephrectomy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['urologic cancer']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['urologic cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity9292 represent about 70% of perianal suppuration, with an estimated incidence of 1/10000 inhabitants per year and representing 5% of queries in coloproctology. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of the interesphincteric ligation technique of the fistulous tract in the treatment of @entity9292 . METHODS: The records of eight @entity1 who underwent this technique, evaluating age, gender and presence of @entity322 were studied. Was named technical first-step the passage of @entity2708 thread to promote the correct individualization of the @entity292 and, as the second, the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Two @entity1 were @entity1 and eight @entity1 . The mean age was 42.8 years. Of these, seven (87.5%) had complete healing of the @entity292 ; six were cured only with this procedure and one required additional operation with simple fistulotomy. Only one @entity1 developed @entity1241 which was documented by anorectal manometry. There were no deaths in this series. CONCLUSION: The interesphincteric ligation technique of the fistulous tract proved to be effective for the treatment of @entity9292 and should not be discouraged despite the occurrence of eventual @entity1241 .

title: Effectiveness of the ligation of intersphincteric @entity292 tract (LIFT) in the treatment of XXXX : initial results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity9292 :: ('MESH:D012003', 'Disease') :: ['abscesses and anal fistulas', 'anal fistula']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['fecal incontinence']

answer: @entity9292 :: (MESH:D012003,Disease) :: ['anal fistula']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity9292 represent about 70% of perianal suppuration, with an estimated incidence of 1/10000 inhabitants per year and representing 5% of queries in coloproctology. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of the interesphincteric ligation technique of the fistulous tract in the treatment of @entity9292 . METHODS: The records of eight @entity1 who underwent this technique, evaluating age, gender and presence of @entity322 were studied. Was named technical first-step the passage of @entity2708 thread to promote the correct individualization of the @entity292 and, as the second, the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Two @entity1 were @entity1 and eight @entity1 . The mean age was 42.8 years. Of these, seven (87.5%) had complete healing of the @entity292 ; six were cured only with this procedure and one required additional operation with simple fistulotomy. Only one @entity1 developed @entity1241 which was documented by anorectal manometry. There were no deaths in this series. CONCLUSION: The interesphincteric ligation technique of the fistulous tract proved to be effective for the treatment of @entity9292 and should not be discouraged despite the occurrence of eventual @entity1241 .

title: Effectiveness of the ligation of intersphincteric XXXX tract (LIFT) in the treatment of @entity9292 : initial results.

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistula']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14 is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and can arise through the adenoma- @entity189 sequence. Colonoscopy is considered the method of choice for population-wide @entity5 screening. AIM: To assess the characteristics of endoscopically resected @entity1127 in a consecutive series of @entity1 who underwent colonoscopy at a university hospital and compare histopathology findings according to @entity1 age and polyp size. METHODS: Retrospective, cross-sectional of 1950 colonoscopy reports from consecutively examined @entity1 . The sample was restricted to reports that mentioned @entity1127 . A chart review was carried out for collection of demographic data and histopathology results. Data were compared for @entity1127 sized  <=0.5 cm and >= 0.6 cm and then for @entity1127 sized  <=1.0 cm and >= 1.1 cm. Finally, all @entity1127 resected from @entity1 aged 49 years or younger were compared with those resected from @entity1 aged 50 years or older. RESULTS: A total of 272 @entity1127 were resected in 224 of the 1950 colonoscopies included in the sample (11.5%). Polyps >1 cm tended to be pedunculated (p=0.000) and were more likely to exhibit an adenomatous component (p=0.001), a villous component (p=0.000), and @entity1141 (p=0.003). These findings held true when the size cutoff was set at 0.5 cm. @entity1 aged 50 years or older were more likely to have sessile @entity1127 (p=0.023) and @entity1127 located in the proximal colon (p=0.009). There were no significant differences between groups in histopathology or presence of @entity1141 . CONCLUSION: Polyp size is associated with presence of @entity652 , a villous component, and @entity1141 , whereas @entity1 age is more frequently associated with sessile @entity1127 in the proximal colon.

title: Influence of XXXX age and colorectal polyp size on histopathology findings.

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal polyps', 'polyps']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of three-dimentional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion imaging in differentiating @entity385 from acute @entity198 . METHODS: From September 2013 to September 2014, 42 @entity1 with actue @entity64 onset and 20 healthy volunteers underwent conventional brain MRI DWI and 3D-ASL Perfusion Imaging in our hospital. Only 20 @entity1 whose lesions located in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory were enrolled in this study. Of these cases, 12 cases were diagnosed with @entity385 , 8 were diagnosed with @entity198 . First, we analyzed the imaging features of the 20 @entity1 and 20 volunteers. Then, CBF values of the lesions in the 20 @entity1 and the gray matter of MCA territory in the 20 volunteers were measured on 3D-pcASL images. Third, the difference of mean CBF values between @entity1 and volunteers were analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 20 study group, 19 @entity1 whose lesions presented high signal intensity on DWI images, 12 cases were @entity385 and 8 were @entity198 . All the lesions of 20 cases showed abnormal perfusion on 3D-pcASL images. 3D-pcASL has good consistency with DWI in diagnostic capabilities (  (2) = 0.565, P = 0.01). On 3D-pcASL, 11 @entity385 @entity1 presented perfusion defects or low perfusion, 1 @entity385 @entity1 showed high perfusion, 8 @entity198 @entity1 showed inhomogeneous perfusion. The mean value of CBF was (17    6) ml    @entity1009 )    100 g(-1) in 12 @entity385 @entity1 , (136    69) ml    @entity1009 )    100 g(-1) in 8 @entity198 @entity1 and (68    12) ml    @entity1009 )    100 g(-1) three in 20 healthy volunteers. The difference in mean value of CBF among the three groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Acute @entity385 often shows low perfusion and acute @entity198 shows high perfusion on 3D-pcASL images, which has a higher application value in diagnosis and differentiation of @entity385 and @entity198 .

title: [Study of 3D-pcASL in differentiation of @entity385 and acute XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['acute cerebral infarction', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['encephalitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of three-dimentional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion imaging in differentiating @entity385 from acute @entity198 . METHODS: From September 2013 to September 2014, 42 @entity1 with actue @entity64 onset and 20 healthy volunteers underwent conventional brain MRI DWI and 3D-ASL Perfusion Imaging in our hospital. Only 20 @entity1 whose lesions located in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory were enrolled in this study. Of these cases, 12 cases were diagnosed with @entity385 , 8 were diagnosed with @entity198 . First, we analyzed the imaging features of the 20 @entity1 and 20 volunteers. Then, CBF values of the lesions in the 20 @entity1 and the gray matter of MCA territory in the 20 volunteers were measured on 3D-pcASL images. Third, the difference of mean CBF values between @entity1 and volunteers were analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 20 study group, 19 @entity1 whose lesions presented high signal intensity on DWI images, 12 cases were @entity385 and 8 were @entity198 . All the lesions of 20 cases showed abnormal perfusion on 3D-pcASL images. 3D-pcASL has good consistency with DWI in diagnostic capabilities (  (2) = 0.565, P = 0.01). On 3D-pcASL, 11 @entity385 @entity1 presented perfusion defects or low perfusion, 1 @entity385 @entity1 showed high perfusion, 8 @entity198 @entity1 showed inhomogeneous perfusion. The mean value of CBF was (17    6) ml    @entity1009 )    100 g(-1) in 12 @entity385 @entity1 , (136    69) ml    @entity1009 )    100 g(-1) in 8 @entity198 @entity1 and (68    12) ml    @entity1009 )    100 g(-1) three in 20 healthy volunteers. The difference in mean value of CBF among the three groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Acute @entity385 often shows low perfusion and acute @entity198 shows high perfusion on 3D-pcASL images, which has a higher application value in diagnosis and differentiation of @entity385 and @entity198 .

title: [Study of 3D-pcASL in differentiation of XXXX and acute @entity198 ].

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['acute cerebral infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Caregiving roles of @entity1 <18 years of age living with parents with health conditions or disability have been studied extensively abroad, but little U.S. research has examined the caregiving activities and perceptions of @entity1 with parents with significant @entity717 . OBJECTIVE: To examine @entity1 's caregiving activities for their disabled parent, childhood perceptions of these activities, and adult views of this caregiving. METHODS: We conducted 1-h, semi-structured, open-ended interviews with 20 @entity1 age >= 21 years who as @entity1 (age  <  18 years) had a parent with significant @entity717 . We used conventional content analysis to identify themes. RESULTS: Interviewees' mean (standard deviation) age was 36.7 (13.8) years; 4 were male. As @entity1 , most interviewees assisted their disabled parent with activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs; some @entity1 provided more medical supports. Several parents, especially of older interviewees, did not seek their @entity1 's care. Interviewees reported both positive and negative childhood attitudes about caregiving. Roughly half recalled as @entity1 feeling proud, special, or otherwise positively toward caregiving activities, while about one-third viewed caregiving as just part of their daily reality (i.e., simply needing to be done). Approximately half remembered also feeling resentful, primarily from time demands, insufficient appreciation, and being different from their peers. Interviewees reported gender and cultural factors affecting their caregiving roles and perceptions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 can provide significant care to parents with @entity717 . Understanding better their roles and perceptions could suggest ways to improve these experiences for both @entity1 and parent.

title: Adults' recollections and perceptions of childhood caregiving to a parent with significant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['mobility disability', 'physical disability']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['physical disability']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the nutrition, food choice, physical activity and weight status in a group of adults with @entity717 ( @entity717 ) in Victoria, Australia. METHOD: Disability workers and adults with @entity717 were recruited through disability services. In total, 51 disability workers (11 @entity1 , 40 @entity1 ) and 68 (47 @entity1 , 21 @entity1 ) adults with @entity717 participated in the research. Disability workers provided information about the nutrition, food choice and physical activity levels of adults with @entity717 through a questionnaire administered by a general practitioner or research nurse. The questionnaire also included The Australian Nutrition Screening Initiative checklist. RESULTS: Body Mass Index was in the healthy range for only 37.5% of @entity1 and in the @entity28 range for almost half (41%). Similarly, the majority of @entity1 had an abdominal circumference in a range that put them at increased or substantially increased risk of metabolic complications. The mean score obtained on the Australian Nutrition Screening Initiative checklist indicated a moderate risk of @entity3147 (M   =   4.2); however, 17.6% of @entity1 achieved scores that put them in the high-risk category. More than half of the @entity1 were reported to have a little choice in the type of food they ate and when they ate. Physical activity data indicated that the majority of @entity1 (60.3%) did not meet national physical activity guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that @entity1 with @entity717 are at risk of developing diseases associated with @entity28 , inactivity, and poor nutrition. Strategies to encourage @entity1 with @entity717 to engage in physical activity and healthy eating are, therefore, a matter of priority and should involve their disability workers.

title: Weight, nutrition, food choice, and physical activity in adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['ID', 'intellectual disability']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'obese']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['intellectual disability']