abstract: @entity1 with symptoms of @entity1069 form a heterogenous group. The best treatment of proven obstruction or retention in fit @entity1 remains transurethral prostatectomy (TURP). @entity1 presenting with symptoms of @entity1069 may have @entity1494 , @entity1344 or @entity1494 leading to low pressure/low flow voiding so it is perhaps not surprising that only 75% of @entity1 selected for TURP purely on the basis of symptoms have a good outcome. Pressure flow studies are the only precise method of diagnosing outflow obstruction. The problem of accurately diagnosing obstruction before treatment is started applies particularly to trials of new treatments such as lasers, high energy focused ultrasound and drugs. Laser treatment is producing short term results that are slightly inferior to TURP but may have less morbidity. The role of conservative treatment is important in selected @entity1 . @entity1 who have severe intercurrent illness may be treated by means of intra-prostatic stents. In order to accurately assess a new treatment it is necessary to determine the short-term mortality, the morbidity, complication rate and outcome as well as the cost-effectiveness, long-term outcome and @entity1 preference. These conditions have not yet been met for any of the new treatments for @entity1069 .

title: Evaluation and results of treatments for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatism']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder outflow obstruction', 'weak bladder contraction']

entities_list: @entity1344 :: ('MESH:D043171', 'Disease') :: ['detrusor instability']

answer: @entity1069 :: (MESH:D053448,Disease) :: ['prostatism']


abstract: BACKGROUND:: @entity1347 is an important complication after fusion of @entity179 . However, the role of body mass index (BMI) in @entity1347 has been addressed less. OBJECTIVE:: To examine the relationship between BMI and @entity1347 after lumbar fusion for @entity179 . METHODS:: For this retrospective study, we enrolled 190 @entity1 undergoing lumbar fusion surgery for degeneration. BMI at admission was documented. @entity1347 was defined by integration of the clinical presentations and radiographic criteria based on the morphology of the dural sac on magnetic resonance images. RESULTS:: @entity1347 was identified in 13 of the 190 @entity1 , accounting for 6.8%. The interval between surgery and diagnosis as @entity1347 ranged from 21 to 66 months. Five of the 13 @entity1 required subsequent surgical intervention for clinically relevant @entity1347 . In the logistic regression model, BMI was a risk factor for @entity1347 after lumbar fusion for @entity179 (odds ratio, 1.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.27-2.21; P < .001). Any increase of 1 mean value in BMI would increase the @entity1347 rate by 67.6%. The @entity1 were subdivided into 2 groups based on BMI, and up to 11.9% of @entity1 with BMI >= 25 kg/m were diagnosed as having @entity1347 at the last follow-up. CONCLUSION:: BMI is a risk factor for @entity1347 in @entity1 undergoing lumbar fusion for @entity179 . Because BMI is clinically objective and modifiable, controlling body weight before or after surgery may provide opportunities to reduce the rate of @entity1347 and to improve the outcome of fusion surgery. ABBREVIATIONS:: ASD, adjacent segment diseaseBMI, body mass indexPLF, posterolateral lumbar fusionPLIF, posterior lumbar interbody fusionTLIF, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

title: Impact of Body Mass Index on Adjacent Segment Disease After Lumbar Fusion for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['adjacent segment disease', 'Adjacent segment disease']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative lumbar spines', 'degenerative spine diseases']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['Degenerative Spine Disease']


abstract: The aim of the protocol was to evaluate the side-effects induced by repeated @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) infusions in @entity1 with @entity320 ( @entity320 ). @entity1 were to receive four TIL infusions at given intervals: every 3 weeks (two @entity1 ), every 2 weeks (3 @entity1 ) and weekly (4 @entity1 ). All @entity1 were evaluated and received a total of 34 TIL infusions. The total number of TILs administered varied from 0.65 to 2.34 x 10(11) cells. TIL phenotypes were predominantly @entity405 + (two @entity1 ), @entity404 + (4 @entity1 ), @entity404 + then @entity405 + (two @entity1 ) or CD56+ (two @entity1 ). Autocytotoxicity was only observed for one culture. Six @entity1 presented at least one WHO grade 3 side-effect: @entity551 (5 @entity1 ), dyspnoea (two @entity1 ), @entity221 (one @entity1 ), @entity1295 (one @entity1 ), chills (two @entity1 ), @entity294 (one @entity1 ), @entity2146 (one @entity1 ), @entity158 (two @entity1 ). @entity551 was constantly seen in @entity1 who were given TILs every week. Two cases of minor @entity2396 were recorded. No objective response to treatment was observed; 1 stable disease occurred in one @entity1 and progression in eight. However, five @entity1 presented a partial response on a @entity5 site for 1-4 months. Three @entity1 presented signs of @entity32 or softening at one @entity5 site. Plasma @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha ( @entity310 ) levels were increased 1.2- to 22-fold after TIL infusion. TILs could be produced in sufficient quantity to perform this study, so repetitive infusions of TIL became possible on a weekly basis. However, no objective response was observed even when TIL infusions were performed weekly. An increase in circulating @entity310 was noted after TIL infusion.

title: A phase I trial of repeated @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) infusion in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['locoregional pain']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['MM', 'metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['metastatic melanoma']


abstract: The aim of the protocol was to evaluate the side-effects induced by repeated @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) infusions in @entity1 with @entity320 ( @entity320 ). @entity1 were to receive four TIL infusions at given intervals: every 3 weeks (two @entity1 ), every 2 weeks (3 @entity1 ) and weekly (4 @entity1 ). All @entity1 were evaluated and received a total of 34 TIL infusions. The total number of TILs administered varied from 0.65 to 2.34 x 10(11) cells. TIL phenotypes were predominantly @entity405 + (two @entity1 ), @entity404 + (4 @entity1 ), @entity404 + then @entity405 + (two @entity1 ) or CD56+ (two @entity1 ). Autocytotoxicity was only observed for one culture. Six @entity1 presented at least one WHO grade 3 side-effect: @entity551 (5 @entity1 ), dyspnoea (two @entity1 ), @entity221 (one @entity1 ), @entity1295 (one @entity1 ), chills (two @entity1 ), @entity294 (one @entity1 ), @entity2146 (one @entity1 ), @entity158 (two @entity1 ). @entity551 was constantly seen in @entity1 who were given TILs every week. Two cases of minor @entity2396 were recorded. No objective response to treatment was observed; 1 stable disease occurred in one @entity1 and progression in eight. However, five @entity1 presented a partial response on a @entity5 site for 1-4 months. Three @entity1 presented signs of @entity32 or softening at one @entity5 site. Plasma @entity5 @entity39 factor alpha ( @entity310 ) levels were increased 1.2- to 22-fold after TIL infusion. TILs could be produced in sufficient quantity to perform this study, so repetitive infusions of TIL became possible on a weekly basis. However, no objective response was observed even when TIL infusions were performed weekly. An increase in circulating @entity310 was noted after TIL infusion.

title: A phase I trial of repeated XXXX -infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) infusion in @entity320 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Screening for @entity6750 ( @entity6750 ) is an opportunity to investigate maturation by measuring alphafetoprotein (AFP). @entity1 AND METHODS: Blood AFP was measured in 73 full-term @entity1 (controls), 22 @entity1 with permanent @entity6750 and 19 with a transient form (FT) of @entity1375 . It was also measured in mothers of the two groups with @entity1375 . AFP was measured by RIA and its value was compared to those of FT4, TSH and @entity648 . RESULTS: Blood AFP was higher in @entity1 with @entity6750 with significant differences between @entity1 who had @entity1087 or not, but AFP was not significantly different in FT @entity1 and controls. Initial values of AFP in both @entity6750 and FT population was correlated to the levels of AFP in their mothers. Under treatment with 7.5 micrograms/kg/day of @entity2016 , AFP levels remained increased at T15, then gradually normalized at T30-T60. The log of AFP was correlated to TSH levels between T15 and T60 but was not correlated to FT4 levels. Preliminary results at one year of age show that IQ seems better in @entity1 with early normalization of AFP. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged follow-up is necessary to assess the possibility that initial kinetics of AFP under therapy have a prognostic value for estimating the quality of outcome.

title: [Alpha fetoprotein in XXXX before and during treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity6750 :: ('MESH:D003409', 'Disease') :: ['congenital hypothyroidism', 'CH']

answer: @entity6750 :: (MESH:D003409,Disease) :: ['congenital hypothyroidism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammatory markers are being explored to aid in @entity64 diagnosis especially, to differentiate between clinical varieties of @entity64 . This study aimed to compare plasma @entity5 @entity39 factor-alpha ( @entity310 ) and @entity688 ( @entity688 ) levels between @entity64 @entity1 and controls, as well as between @entity548 and @entity63 varieties of @entity64 . METHODS: @entity64 @entity1 who were admitted to Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore and Services Hospital Lahore, Pakistan within 24 hours after the onset of @entity64 symptoms were consecutively asked to participate in this study from June 2011 to December 2011.Venous blood samples were collected within 24 hours of @entity64 symptoms onset. Plasma @entity310 levels and @entity688 were calculated using commercial enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Cytokines levels were dichotomized as detectable yes/no and were compared between different groups using chi square test. Continuous variables were compared using the student t-test. Logistic regression model was used to investigate the effect of various risk factors on @entity64 subtypes. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty one @entity64 @entity1 were included in the study, out of which 93 were @entity63 and 38 were @entity548 @entity1 . Forty-seven healthy asymptomatic individuals were included .as controls Plasma @entity310 levels (p < 0.001, r = 0.503, CI: 18.197-1672.950) were significantly elevated in @entity64 @entity1 as compared to controls, along with advancing age (p = 0.002, r = 0.310, CI: 1.025-1.110) and history of @entity101 (p = 0.002, r = 0.265, CI: 1.746-12.511). Males were found to be at a higher risk of developing @entity64 . Furthermore, history of @entity101 (p=0.019, r= -0.294, CI: 0.134-1.500) and detectable @entity310 - levels (p = 0.002, r = 0.319, CI: 2.106-23.725) were found to be significantly different between @entity63 and @entity548 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity310 level differed highly significantly between @entity64 and controls, and also between @entity63 and @entity548 subtypes.

title: XXXX : a risk factor for ischemic stroke.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic', 'haemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

answer: @entity310 :: (7124,Gene) :: ['TNF-alpha']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7954 ( @entity7955 ) is an intermediate metabolite of the glycolytic pathway and an in vivo high-energy @entity4613 compound. We have examined the protective effects of @entity7955 on @entity63 -reperfusion @entity651 in isolated @entity95 lungs perfused with a physiological salt solution. The lungs were divided into three treatment groups: (1) @entity63 -reperfusion (IR), (2) @entity63 -reperfusion with @entity7955 treatment ( @entity7955 -IR), in which 1 mM @entity7955 was pre-administered into the perfusate during the stable period, and (3) ventilation-perfusion continued without interruption (Cont). In the IR and @entity7955 -IR groups, ventilation-perfusion was discontinued for about 60  min after a 30-min stable period and then restarted. The capillary filtration coefficients (K fc) and @entity2388 concentration in the perfusate were determined immediately before @entity63 and 30 and 60  min after reperfusion. The left lungs were dried at the end of the experiment to calculate the tissue wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D). The K fc values after reperfusion were significantly higher in the IR group than in the other two groups. @entity2388 concentrations were significantly higher at three time-points in the @entity7955 -IR group than in the other two groups. The W/D was significantly higher in the IR group than in the other two groups. Based on these results, we conclude that the administration of @entity7955 prior to @entity63 alleviates @entity63 -reperfusion injury.

title: @entity7954 administration protects @entity63 -reperfusion injury in isolated XXXX lungs.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['lung ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity7954 :: ('MESH:D010728', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphoenolpyruvate']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate', 'Pyruvate']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7954 ( @entity7955 ) is an intermediate metabolite of the glycolytic pathway and an in vivo high-energy @entity4613 compound. We have examined the protective effects of @entity7955 on @entity63 -reperfusion @entity651 in isolated @entity95 lungs perfused with a physiological salt solution. The lungs were divided into three treatment groups: (1) @entity63 -reperfusion (IR), (2) @entity63 -reperfusion with @entity7955 treatment ( @entity7955 -IR), in which 1 mM @entity7955 was pre-administered into the perfusate during the stable period, and (3) ventilation-perfusion continued without interruption (Cont). In the IR and @entity7955 -IR groups, ventilation-perfusion was discontinued for about 60  min after a 30-min stable period and then restarted. The capillary filtration coefficients (K fc) and @entity2388 concentration in the perfusate were determined immediately before @entity63 and 30 and 60  min after reperfusion. The left lungs were dried at the end of the experiment to calculate the tissue wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D). The K fc values after reperfusion were significantly higher in the IR group than in the other two groups. @entity2388 concentrations were significantly higher at three time-points in the @entity7955 -IR group than in the other two groups. The W/D was significantly higher in the IR group than in the other two groups. Based on these results, we conclude that the administration of @entity7955 prior to @entity63 alleviates @entity63 -reperfusion injury.

title: XXXX administration protects @entity63 -reperfusion injury in isolated @entity95 lungs.

answer: @entity7954 :: (MESH:D010728,Chemical) :: ['Phosphoenolpyruvate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7954 ( @entity7955 ) is an intermediate metabolite of the glycolytic pathway and an in vivo high-energy @entity4613 compound. We have examined the protective effects of @entity7955 on @entity63 -reperfusion @entity651 in isolated @entity95 lungs perfused with a physiological salt solution. The lungs were divided into three treatment groups: (1) @entity63 -reperfusion (IR), (2) @entity63 -reperfusion with @entity7955 treatment ( @entity7955 -IR), in which 1 mM @entity7955 was pre-administered into the perfusate during the stable period, and (3) ventilation-perfusion continued without interruption (Cont). In the IR and @entity7955 -IR groups, ventilation-perfusion was discontinued for about 60  min after a 30-min stable period and then restarted. The capillary filtration coefficients (K fc) and @entity2388 concentration in the perfusate were determined immediately before @entity63 and 30 and 60  min after reperfusion. The left lungs were dried at the end of the experiment to calculate the tissue wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D). The K fc values after reperfusion were significantly higher in the IR group than in the other two groups. @entity2388 concentrations were significantly higher at three time-points in the @entity7955 -IR group than in the other two groups. The W/D was significantly higher in the IR group than in the other two groups. Based on these results, we conclude that the administration of @entity7955 prior to @entity63 alleviates @entity63 -reperfusion injury.

title: @entity7954 administration protects XXXX -reperfusion injury in isolated @entity95 lungs.

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: In vivo studies were conducted in @entity35 to determine the role of @entity4854 and hypoinsulinemia in the previously reported @entity409 and increase in the serum concentrations of 70-kDa @entity941 -dextran (FD-70) in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) rats. The serum, urine, and hepatic concentrations of FD-70 were measured by size exclusion chromatography after i.v. administration of a single doses (5 mg/kg) of FD-70. Intravenous administration of a single 2 IU/kg dose of insulin to @entity6 @entity35 at time zero or 4 h after the administration of FD-70 resulted in an increase in some and no change in other animals in their rate of elimination of FD-70 from serum. The presence or absence of a significant insulin effect on the disposition of FD-70 in these animals was, respectively, associated with the presence or absence of a significant insulin-induced hypoglycemic effect. Fasting @entity6 @entity35 for 24 h caused normoglycemia, and subsequently, the disposition of FD-70 became similar to that in @entity7964 ( @entity7964 ) @entity35 . Likewise, i.p. injections of @entity413 to @entity7964 @entity35 rendered them hyperglycemic, and the disposition of FD-70 in these @entity35 became similar to that in untreated @entity6 animals. However, i.v. injection of @entity413 , which did not result in sustained @entity4854 , did not change the disposition of FD-70 in @entity7964 @entity35 . Further, the disposition of FD-70 remained unaffected by an i.v. 2 IU/kg dose of insulin administered to @entity7964 @entity35 at time zero. Considering all animals, there was a significant negative relationship between the 12-h hepatic recovery of FD-70 and the area under the serum concentration-time curves of @entity413 . It is concluded that the @entity409 of FD-70 in @entity6 @entity35 is due to @entity4854 and not

title: @entity6 -induction XXXX of 70-kDA dextran: role of @entity4854 and hypoinsulinemia.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'D']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in the hepatic accumulation']

entities_list: @entity7964 :: ('OMIM:612551', 'Disease') :: ['nondiabetic', 'ND']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['reduction in the hepatic accumulation']


abstract: In vivo studies were conducted in @entity35 to determine the role of @entity4854 and hypoinsulinemia in the previously reported @entity409 and increase in the serum concentrations of 70-kDa @entity941 -dextran (FD-70) in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) rats. The serum, urine, and hepatic concentrations of FD-70 were measured by size exclusion chromatography after i.v. administration of a single doses (5 mg/kg) of FD-70. Intravenous administration of a single 2 IU/kg dose of insulin to @entity6 @entity35 at time zero or 4 h after the administration of FD-70 resulted in an increase in some and no change in other animals in their rate of elimination of FD-70 from serum. The presence or absence of a significant insulin effect on the disposition of FD-70 in these animals was, respectively, associated with the presence or absence of a significant insulin-induced hypoglycemic effect. Fasting @entity6 @entity35 for 24 h caused normoglycemia, and subsequently, the disposition of FD-70 became similar to that in @entity7964 ( @entity7964 ) @entity35 . Likewise, i.p. injections of @entity413 to @entity7964 @entity35 rendered them hyperglycemic, and the disposition of FD-70 in these @entity35 became similar to that in untreated @entity6 animals. However, i.v. injection of @entity413 , which did not result in sustained @entity4854 , did not change the disposition of FD-70 in @entity7964 @entity35 . Further, the disposition of FD-70 remained unaffected by an i.v. 2 IU/kg dose of insulin administered to @entity7964 @entity35 at time zero. Considering all animals, there was a significant negative relationship between the 12-h hepatic recovery of FD-70 and the area under the serum concentration-time curves of @entity413 . It is concluded that the @entity409 of FD-70 in @entity6 @entity35 is due to @entity4854 and not

title: @entity6 -induction @entity409 of 70-kDA dextran: role of XXXX and hypoinsulinemia.

answer: @entity4854 :: (MESH:D006943,Disease) :: ['hyperglycemia']


abstract: In vivo studies were conducted in @entity35 to determine the role of @entity4854 and hypoinsulinemia in the previously reported @entity409 and increase in the serum concentrations of 70-kDa @entity941 -dextran (FD-70) in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) rats. The serum, urine, and hepatic concentrations of FD-70 were measured by size exclusion chromatography after i.v. administration of a single doses (5 mg/kg) of FD-70. Intravenous administration of a single 2 IU/kg dose of insulin to @entity6 @entity35 at time zero or 4 h after the administration of FD-70 resulted in an increase in some and no change in other animals in their rate of elimination of FD-70 from serum. The presence or absence of a significant insulin effect on the disposition of FD-70 in these animals was, respectively, associated with the presence or absence of a significant insulin-induced hypoglycemic effect. Fasting @entity6 @entity35 for 24 h caused normoglycemia, and subsequently, the disposition of FD-70 became similar to that in @entity7964 ( @entity7964 ) @entity35 . Likewise, i.p. injections of @entity413 to @entity7964 @entity35 rendered them hyperglycemic, and the disposition of FD-70 in these @entity35 became similar to that in untreated @entity6 animals. However, i.v. injection of @entity413 , which did not result in sustained @entity4854 , did not change the disposition of FD-70 in @entity7964 @entity35 . Further, the disposition of FD-70 remained unaffected by an i.v. 2 IU/kg dose of insulin administered to @entity7964 @entity35 at time zero. Considering all animals, there was a significant negative relationship between the 12-h hepatic recovery of FD-70 and the area under the serum concentration-time curves of @entity413 . It is concluded that the @entity409 of FD-70 in @entity6 @entity35 is due to @entity4854 and not

title: XXXX -induction @entity409 of 70-kDA dextran: role of @entity4854 and hypoinsulinemia.

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Multistage palliation is the mainstay management strategy of @entity1 with @entity1699 ( @entity1699 ) and related @entity154 . If this palliation strategy fails, @entity299 ( @entity299 ) is required. The results of @entity299 in @entity1 who had a prior Norwood operation are reportedly poor due to several immune, clinical and anatomical risk factors. We report our institutional outcomes following @entity299 in @entity1 who had a prior Norwood operation. METHODS: Between 1994 and 2013, 107 @entity1 with @entity299 underwent @entity299 . We examined early and late outcomes in our study cohort of @entity1 who had a prior Norwood operation (n = 24), and analysed risk factors affecting survival. Survival was subsequently compared with a control group of 83 @entity1 with @entity299 without a prior Norwood operation who received @entity299 . RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 with a prior Norwood operation underwent @entity299 . The majority (22/24, 92%) had @entity1699 . @entity1 were listed following Norwood (n = 2, 8.3%), Glenn (n = 17, 70.8%) or Fontan (n = 5, 20.8%) operation. Ten (42%) @entity1 had panel reactive antibodies (PRAs) >10%. Median age at listing was 2.7 (range 0.4-16.8) years and median age at the time of @entity299 was 3.0 (range 0.6-16.8) years, with the median waiting list duration of 63.5 (range 1-554) days. Hospital mortality was 1/24 (4%). Overall parametric survival estimates at 1, 5 and 10 years were 85, 65 and 52%. Survival was not affected by listing status, last palliation stage, age or high PRA. The only significant factor affecting survival was the later era in our series with significantly superior 5-year survival (100 vs 42%, P = 0.0003). Overall survival was comparable with the control group of @entity1 with @entity299 and no prior Norwood operation (52 vs 53% at 10 years, P = 0.97). Overall, 3 of 24 @entity1 required retransplantation with only one late survivor. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 failing multistage palliation of @entity1699 may require @entity299 , often following the Glenn operation. @entity299 results in this group are comparable with those in other @entity1 with @entity299 . Improvements in pretransplant management, immune suppression and outpatient care in the later era might have specifically benefited this particularly risky group of @entity1 .

title: Results of XXXX following failed staged palliation of @entity1699 and related @entity154

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity1699 :: ('MESH:D018636', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic left heart syndrome', 'HLHS']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['single ventricle anomalies']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'congenital heart disease', 'heart transplantation']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['heart transplantation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Multistage palliation is the mainstay management strategy of @entity1 with @entity1699 ( @entity1699 ) and related @entity154 . If this palliation strategy fails, @entity299 ( @entity299 ) is required. The results of @entity299 in @entity1 who had a prior Norwood operation are reportedly poor due to several immune, clinical and anatomical risk factors. We report our institutional outcomes following @entity299 in @entity1 who had a prior Norwood operation. METHODS: Between 1994 and 2013, 107 @entity1 with @entity299 underwent @entity299 . We examined early and late outcomes in our study cohort of @entity1 who had a prior Norwood operation (n = 24), and analysed risk factors affecting survival. Survival was subsequently compared with a control group of 83 @entity1 with @entity299 without a prior Norwood operation who received @entity299 . RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 with a prior Norwood operation underwent @entity299 . The majority (22/24, 92%) had @entity1699 . @entity1 were listed following Norwood (n = 2, 8.3%), Glenn (n = 17, 70.8%) or Fontan (n = 5, 20.8%) operation. Ten (42%) @entity1 had panel reactive antibodies (PRAs) >10%. Median age at listing was 2.7 (range 0.4-16.8) years and median age at the time of @entity299 was 3.0 (range 0.6-16.8) years, with the median waiting list duration of 63.5 (range 1-554) days. Hospital mortality was 1/24 (4%). Overall parametric survival estimates at 1, 5 and 10 years were 85, 65 and 52%. Survival was not affected by listing status, last palliation stage, age or high PRA. The only significant factor affecting survival was the later era in our series with significantly superior 5-year survival (100 vs 42%, P = 0.0003). Overall survival was comparable with the control group of @entity1 with @entity299 and no prior Norwood operation (52 vs 53% at 10 years, P = 0.97). Overall, 3 of 24 @entity1 required retransplantation with only one late survivor. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 failing multistage palliation of @entity1699 may require @entity299 , often following the Glenn operation. @entity299 results in this group are comparable with those in other @entity1 with @entity299 . Improvements in pretransplant management, immune suppression and outpatient care in the later era might have specifically benefited this particularly risky group of @entity1 .

title: Results of @entity299 following failed staged palliation of XXXX and related @entity154

answer: @entity1699 :: (MESH:D018636,Disease) :: ['hypoplastic left heart syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Multistage palliation is the mainstay management strategy of @entity1 with @entity1699 ( @entity1699 ) and related @entity154 . If this palliation strategy fails, @entity299 ( @entity299 ) is required. The results of @entity299 in @entity1 who had a prior Norwood operation are reportedly poor due to several immune, clinical and anatomical risk factors. We report our institutional outcomes following @entity299 in @entity1 who had a prior Norwood operation. METHODS: Between 1994 and 2013, 107 @entity1 with @entity299 underwent @entity299 . We examined early and late outcomes in our study cohort of @entity1 who had a prior Norwood operation (n = 24), and analysed risk factors affecting survival. Survival was subsequently compared with a control group of 83 @entity1 with @entity299 without a prior Norwood operation who received @entity299 . RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 with a prior Norwood operation underwent @entity299 . The majority (22/24, 92%) had @entity1699 . @entity1 were listed following Norwood (n = 2, 8.3%), Glenn (n = 17, 70.8%) or Fontan (n = 5, 20.8%) operation. Ten (42%) @entity1 had panel reactive antibodies (PRAs) >10%. Median age at listing was 2.7 (range 0.4-16.8) years and median age at the time of @entity299 was 3.0 (range 0.6-16.8) years, with the median waiting list duration of 63.5 (range 1-554) days. Hospital mortality was 1/24 (4%). Overall parametric survival estimates at 1, 5 and 10 years were 85, 65 and 52%. Survival was not affected by listing status, last palliation stage, age or high PRA. The only significant factor affecting survival was the later era in our series with significantly superior 5-year survival (100 vs 42%, P = 0.0003). Overall survival was comparable with the control group of @entity1 with @entity299 and no prior Norwood operation (52 vs 53% at 10 years, P = 0.97). Overall, 3 of 24 @entity1 required retransplantation with only one late survivor. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 failing multistage palliation of @entity1699 may require @entity299 , often following the Glenn operation. @entity299 results in this group are comparable with those in other @entity1 with @entity299 . Improvements in pretransplant management, immune suppression and outpatient care in the later era might have specifically benefited this particularly risky group of @entity1 .

title: Results of @entity299 following failed staged palliation of @entity1699 and related XXXX

answer: @entity154 :: (MESH:D000013,Disease) :: ['single ventricle anomalies']


abstract: @entity1 birthweight is subject to stabilizing selection. Large babies are at risk of obstetric complications such as @entity3885 , which endangers both mother and @entity1 . Small babies are also at risk with reduced survival. Fetal growth requires remodelling of maternal spiral arteries to provide an adequate maternal blood supply to the placenta. This arterial transformation is achieved by placental trophoblast cells, which invade into the uterine wall. Under-invasion is associated with @entity1592 ; but if invasion is excessive large babies can result. A growing body of evidence suggests that this process is controlled by interactions between killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) expressed on maternal uterine natural killer cells (uNK) and their corresponding human leukocyte antigen-C ( @entity18698 ) ligands on invading trophoblast. Mothers with the @entity9371 AA genotype and a fetus with a paternal HLA-C2 allele tend to have small babies, because this combination inhibits cytokine secretion by uNK. Mothers with the activating @entity16304 gene and an HLA-C2 fetus are more likely to have large babies. When @entity16304 binds to HLA-C2 this increases secretion of cytokines that enhance trophoblast invasion. We conclude that specific combinations of the highly polymorphic gene systems, @entity9371 and @entity18698 , contribute to successful reproduction by maintaining birthweight between two extremes.

title: The role of the maternal immune system in the regulation of XXXX birthweight.

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstructed labour']

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['fetal growth restriction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In a phase I clinical trial the morphological impact and safety of high intensity focused ultrasound administered transrectally for tissue ablation in prostates from 22 @entity1 undergoing subsequent prostatectomy were evaluated. Location and size of the tissue lesions correlated well with the predefined target area and revealed sharply delineated @entity39 in all cases. Intervening tissues, such as the rectal wall and posterior prostate capsule, were invariably intact. In a subsequent phase II clinical trial the effectiveness of transrectal high intensity focused ultrasound as a novel minimally invasive treatment modality for 50 @entity1 with symptomatic @entity1067 was determined. The maximum urinary flow rate (ml. per second) increased from 8.9 +/- 4.1 to 12.7 +/- 6.4 at 3 months in 44 @entity1 , 12.4 +/- 5.6 at 6 months in 33 and 13.1 +/- 6.5 at 12 months in 20. During the same period the post-void residual volume (ml) decreased from 131 +/- 120 to 48 +/- 41, 59 +/- 42 and 35 +/- 30, respectively, and the American Urological Association symptom score (points) decreased from 24.5 +/- 4.7 to 13.3 +/- 4.4, 13.4 +/- 4.7 and 10.8 +/- 2.5, respectively. These data demonstrate that transrectal high intensity focused ultrasound is capable of inducing @entity39 in the @entity1 prostate via a transrectal approach while preserving intervening and adjacent tissue. A 47% (+4.2 ml. per second) improvement in uroflowmetry and a 53% (-13.7 points) decrease in the American Urological Association symptom score 1 year after treatment clearly prove that transrectal high intensity focused ultrasound is a novel and safe minimally invasive treatment option for @entity1067 .

title: Tissue ablation in XXXX with high intensity focused ultrasound.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['coagulative necrosis']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8521 can be evaluated by catheter peak-to-peak gradient or by Doppler peak instantaneous pressure gradient. Previous studies have shown moderate correlation in @entity1498 , but few have assessed correlation in @entity1 with more complex aortic reconstruction. METHODS: We carried out retrospective comparison of cardiac catheterisations and pre- and post-catheterisation echocardiograms in 60 @entity1 with native/recurrent @entity1498 or aortic reconstruction. @entity8521 was defined as peak-to-peak gradient    25 mmHg in @entity1 with native/recurrent @entity1498 and    10 mmHg in aortic reconstruction. RESULTS: Diastolic continuation of flow was not associated with aortic @entity6127 in either group. Doppler peak instantaneous pressure gradient, with and without the expanded Bernoulli equation, weakly correlated with peak-to-peak gradient even in @entity1 with a normal cardiac index (r=0.36, p=0.016, and r=0.49, p=0.001, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified an area under the curve of 0.61 for @entity1 with all types of obstruction, with a cut-off point of 45 mmHg correctly classifying 64% of @entity1 with @entity6127 (sensitivity 39%, specificity 89%). In @entity1 with aortic arch reconstruction who had a cardiac index    3 L/min/m2, a cut-off point of 23 mmHg correctly classified 69% of @entity1 (71% sensitivity, 50% specificity) with an area under the curve of 0.82. CONCLUSION: The non-invasive assessment of @entity2333 remains challenging. The greatest correlation of Doppler indices was noted in @entity1 with aortic reconstruction and a normal cardiac index.

title: Comparison of invasive and non-invasive pressure gradients in aortic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8521 :: ('MESH:D001015', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic arch obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1498 :: ('MESH:D001017', 'Disease') :: ['coarctation', 'discrete coarctation']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic obstruction']

entities_list: @entity6127 :: ('MESH:D007569', 'Disease') :: ['arch obstruction']

answer: @entity6127 :: (MESH:D007569,Disease) :: ['arch obstruction']


abstract: The class 1 outer membrane protein ( @entity71359 ), a major variable surface antigen of @entity3631 , is a component of novel meningococcal vaccines currently in field trials. Serological variants of the protein are also used to serosubtype meningococci. Most of the @entity535 changes that give rise to antigenic variants of the protein occur in two variable regions (VR1 and VR2) that are thought to form loops on the cell surface. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the nucleotide sequences encoding VR1 and VR2 from the chromosomal DNA of @entity3631 M1080. These were cloned in frame into the lamB gene of the @entity526 expression vector pAJC264. Whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), using monoclonal antibodies, and @entity214 -PAGE confirmed that, upon induction, strains of @entity526 carrying these constructs expressed hybrid LamB proteins containing the @entity3631 surface loops. These strains were used to immunize @entity95 and the resultant polyclonal antisera reacted specifically with the class 1 @entity71359 of reference strain M1080 (P1.7). Immunogold labelling of meningococcal cells and whole-cell dot-blot analyses with these antisera showed that the variable epitopes were exposed on the cell surface and confirmed that this approach could be used to obtain serosubtype-specific antisera. The binding profiles of the antisera were determined from their reactions with overlapping synthetic peptides and their reactivity compared with that of relevant serosubtype-specific monoclonal antibodies. This approach was used successfully to raise antisera against two other class 1 @entity71359 VR2s. A fourth antiserum raised against a VR2, including the P1.1 epitope, was not subtype specific.

title: Expression of meningococcal epitopes in LamB of XXXX and the stimulation of serosubtype-specific antibody responses.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3631 :: ('487', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria meningitidis', 'N. meningitidis strain', 'N. meningitidis']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intracardiac electrograms are an indispensable part during diagnosis of @entity943 , but atrial activity (AA) can be obscured by @entity67 ( @entity67 ). Concepts based on statistical independence like principal component analysis (PCA) cannot be applied for @entity67 removal during @entity591 with stable conduction. METHODS: A database of realistic electrograms containing AA and @entity67 was generated. Both PCA and the new technique periodic component analysis (  CA) were implemented, benchmarked, and applied to clinical data. RESULTS: The concept of   CA was successfully verified to retain compromised AA morphology, showing high correlation (cc=0.98  0.01) for stable atrial cycle length (ACL). Performance of PCA failed during temporal coupling (cc=0.03  0.08) but improved for increasing conduction variability (cc=0.77  0.14). Stability of ACL was identified as a critical parameter for   CA application. Analysis of clinical data confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION:   CA is introduced as a powerful new technique for artifact removal in periodic signals. Its concept and performance were benchmarked against PCA using simulated data and demonstrated on measured electrograms.

title: Removing ventricular far-field signals in intracardiac electrograms during stable XXXX using the periodic component analysis.

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular far-fields', 'VFF']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity591 :: (MESH:D013610,Disease) :: ['atrial tachycardia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antibodies against transcriptional intermediary factor (TIF)-1y are associated with @entity5 in @entity6017 ( @entity6017 ). Identification of clinical findings associated with anti- @entity35837 y antibodies in @entity6017 is a high priority for both @entity1 diagnosis and risk assessment. OBJECTIVE: We sought to define the clinical phenotype of patients with anti-TIF-1y @entity6017 . METHODS: Using a novel, sensitive, and specific assay for anti-TIF-1y antibodies, we retrospectively tested plasma from 134 adult @entity1 with @entity6017 and examined associations between anti- @entity35837 y antibodies and particular clinical and laboratory features. RESULTS: In all, 55 (41%) @entity1 had autoantibodies to TIF-1y. Anti-TIF-1y positive @entity1 were less likely to have systemic features including @entity401 , @entity2407 , and @entity625 / @entity4841 . @entity1 with TIF-1y autoantibodies had more extensive skin involvement, and some @entity1 manifested characteristic findings including palmar @entity8820 papules, @entity1569 -like lesions and a novel finding of hypopigmented and @entity10673 ("red on white") patches. LIMITATIONS: This was a retrospective study from a single tertiary referral center. CONCLUSION: TIF-1y is the most commonly targeted @entity6017 -specific autoantigen in adults in a large US cohort. Although these @entity1 tend to have less systemic involvement, their @entity272 is often extensive and characteristic. Recognition of cutaneous findings in anti- @entity35837 y positive @entity1 may allow more accurate and timely diagnosis and effective treatment of @entity1 with @entity6017 .

title: Distinctive cutaneous and systemic features associated with antitranscriptional intermediary factor-1y antibodies in adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity8820 :: ('MESH:C566153', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkeratotic']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ['Raynaud phenomenon']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin disease']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity10673 :: ('MESH:D001816', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectatic']

answer: @entity6017 :: (MESH:D003882,Disease) :: ['dermatomyositis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bisphenol A (BPA), a toxic chemical from plastics, is known to produce @entity717 which may imply the alteration in synaptic activity at Ia-a motoneuron synapse also. However the effect of BPA on this synapse is not known. Therefore, this study was undertaken to examine the effect of BPA on reflexes originating at Ia-a motoneuron synapse in the spinal cord. The experiments were performed on isolated hemisected spinal cords from 4 to 6d @entity35 . Stimulation of a dorsal root evoked segmental monosynaptic ( @entity30921 ) and polysynaptic (PSR) reflex potentials in the corresponding ventral root. Nitrite content (indicator of NO activity) of cords was estimated in the presence of BPA with/without antagonists. Superfusion of BPA (3-100 M) depressed the reflexes in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The @entity308 was    20,    50 and    70% at 10, 30 and 100 M of BPA, respectively. The 50% @entity308 occurred around 15min at 30 M of BPA. Pretreatment with estrogen receptor (ERa) antagonist, tamoxifen, blocked the BPA-induced @entity308 of reflexes, whereas, 17b-estradiol, ER agonist, did not depress the reflexes even up to 10 M. Further, pretreatment with N  -Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) or hemoglobin (Hb) blocked the BPA-induced @entity308 of spinal reflexes. Nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium-nitroprusside depressed the @entity30921 and PSR in a concentration-dependent manner. The nitrite concentration of the cords exposed to BPA was 733 M/gm of tissue (three times the saline group). Pretreatment with tamoxifen/l-NAME/Hb blocked the BPA-induced increase of nitrite levels. The present observations indicate that BPA depressed spinal synaptic transmission through ERa-dependent NO-mediated mechanisms. The altered synaptic activity may implicate for @entity717 after exposure to BPA.

title: Bisphenol A depresses monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes in neonatal XXXX spinal cord in vitro involving estrogen receptor-dependent NO-mediated mechanisms.

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['neurobehavioral locomotor abnormalities', 'locomotor abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between surgical management of pulmonary blood flow (PBF) at initial and staged procedures with survival to Fontan/Kreutzer operation (Fontan) in @entity1 with @entity1145 . METHODS: @entity1 aged <3  months with @entity1145 (n  =  303) were enrolled from 34 institutions (1999-2013). Among those who underwent surgical intervention (n  =  302), initial procedures were: @entity358 ( @entity358 ; n  =  189; 62%); pulmonary artery banding (PAB; n  =  50; 17%); and @entity2597 ( @entity2597 ; n  =  63; 21%). Multiphase parametric-hazard models were used to analyze competing outcomes. RESULTS: Risk-adjusted 6-year survival was lower after @entity358 (85%; P  =  .04) versus PAB (93%) or @entity2597 (93%). Survival after @entity358 when the main pulmonary artery (MPA) was closed (n  =  21) or banded (n  =  4) was 60%, versus 93% without MPA intervention (P  =  .02). After @entity358 , survival before @entity2597 was lower with an open ductus arteriosus (n  =  7; 76% vs 97%; P  =  .02). Similarly, after @entity358 , risk-adjusted survival was similar to that for @entity1 who had an initial PAB or @entity2597 when MPA intervention was avoided and the ductus arteriosus either closed spontaneously before @entity358 , or was closed during @entity358 . For all @entity1 reaching @entity2597 (n  =  277), survival to Fontan was not significantly influenced by whether PBF persisted through the MPA. CONCLUSIONS: Tricuspid @entity1146 @entity1 with @entity358 represent a high-risk subgroup. Avoiding an open ductus arteriosus and concomitant MPA intervention during @entity358 may help mitigate the risk associated with @entity358 . The presence of antegrade PBF through the MPA, at initial and staged operations, did not significantly influence survival to Fontan operation.

title: Surgical management of competing pulmonary blood flow affects survival before Fontan/Kreutzer completion in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity2597 :: ('MESH:D003240', 'Disease') :: ['superior cavopulmonary connection', 'SCPC']

entities_list: @entity1145 :: ('MESH:D018785', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid atresia type I', 'tricuspid atresia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['systemic to pulmonary artery shunt', 'SPS']

answer: @entity1145 :: (MESH:D018785,Disease) :: ['tricuspid atresia type I']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between surgical management of pulmonary blood flow (PBF) at initial and staged procedures with survival to Fontan/Kreutzer operation (Fontan) in @entity1 with @entity1145 . METHODS: @entity1 aged <3  months with @entity1145 (n  =  303) were enrolled from 34 institutions (1999-2013). Among those who underwent surgical intervention (n  =  302), initial procedures were: @entity358 ( @entity358 ; n  =  189; 62%); pulmonary artery banding (PAB; n  =  50; 17%); and @entity2597 ( @entity2597 ; n  =  63; 21%). Multiphase parametric-hazard models were used to analyze competing outcomes. RESULTS: Risk-adjusted 6-year survival was lower after @entity358 (85%; P  =  .04) versus PAB (93%) or @entity2597 (93%). Survival after @entity358 when the main pulmonary artery (MPA) was closed (n  =  21) or banded (n  =  4) was 60%, versus 93% without MPA intervention (P  =  .02). After @entity358 , survival before @entity2597 was lower with an open ductus arteriosus (n  =  7; 76% vs 97%; P  =  .02). Similarly, after @entity358 , risk-adjusted survival was similar to that for @entity1 who had an initial PAB or @entity2597 when MPA intervention was avoided and the ductus arteriosus either closed spontaneously before @entity358 , or was closed during @entity358 . For all @entity1 reaching @entity2597 (n  =  277), survival to Fontan was not significantly influenced by whether PBF persisted through the MPA. CONCLUSIONS: Tricuspid @entity1146 @entity1 with @entity358 represent a high-risk subgroup. Avoiding an open ductus arteriosus and concomitant MPA intervention during @entity358 may help mitigate the risk associated with @entity358 . The presence of antegrade PBF through the MPA, at initial and staged operations, did not significantly influence survival to Fontan operation.

title: Surgical management of competing pulmonary blood flow affects survival before Fontan/Kreutzer completion in XXXX with @entity1145 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Small @entity5 (<10  mm) are often removed via endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, the use of ESD for @entity5 of an intermediate size (7-16  mm) is less well documented. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ESD compared with endoscopic mucosal resection using a cap (EMR-C) for the treatment of 7-16-mm rectal carcinoids. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From September 2007 to August 2012, 55 @entity1 with large @entity5 were treated by EMR-C (30 cases) or ESD (25 cases). The en bloc resection rate, pathological complete response (pCR) rate, procedure time, and incidence rates of complications, local recurrence, and distant @entity3 were evaluated. RESULTS: The basic and clinical characteristics of the @entity1 in the two groups did not differ significantly (p   >   0.05). The mean procedure time was longer for ESD than EMR-C (24.79        4.89 vs. 9.52        2.14  min, p   <   0.001). The rates of en bloc resection and pCR were higher with ESD than with EMR-C (100 vs. 83.33  %, and 100 vs. 70.00  %, respectively). No @entity1 in the EMR-C group experienced complications. However, in the ESD group, two cases of perforation occurred, and one @entity1 experienced delayed @entity548 . These complications were successfully managed via endoscopical therapy. Five cases of local recurrence were detected after EMR-C, whereas no @entity1 experienced recurrence after ESD. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with EMR-C, ESD appears to be a more favorable therapeutic option for the treatment of @entity5 less than 16  mm in diameter based on improved rates of pCR and local recurrence.

title: Endoscopic submucosal dissection for the treatment of XXXX 7-16  mm in diameter.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinoid tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal carcinoid tumors']


abstract: Previous research suggests that in addition to being a characteristic of @entity161 , @entity409 also predates the onset of the syndrome. The research reported here was intended to examine further the neuromotor development of @entity1 with preschizophrenia traits. This study is part of a larger "archival-observational" project that uses childhood home movies to explore the developmental precursors of @entity161 . Group comparisons revealed a higher rate of @entity854 in the preschizophrenia @entity1 when compared to their healthy siblings, preaffective disorder subjects, the healthy siblings of @entity1 with @entity1316 , and subjects from families with no @entity1032 . The preschizophrenia subjects also showed poorer motor skills when compared to their healthy siblings and preaffective disorder subjects. When diagnostic group comparisons were made within age spans, the group differences were significant only in the first 2 years of life. Post hoc analyses also revealed that the preschizophrenia subjects' @entity854 occurred primarily on the left side of the body. The abnormalities included @entity717 and posturing of the upper limbs, similar to the motor signs described in earlier reports on diagnosed @entity161 @entity1 . The findings are discussed in light of their implications for the developmental origins of @entity161 . Limitations of the study, including problems with sample representativeness and the reliance on observational data, are also discussed.

title: Neuromotor precursors of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['neuromotor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorder']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['neuromotor abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['choreoathetoid movements']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Burn intensive care unit @entity1 are specifically exposed to @entity580 caused by @entity5132 . Superficial carriage of @entity5132 is a potential source of @entity281 and dissemination, and typing methods could be useful to trace the different isolates. Multilocus sequence typing is a powerful genotyping method for pathogenic microorganisms, including @entity5132 . Thirty clinical isolates of @entity5132 obtained from 22 @entity1 that admitted to the Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU) from a burn hospital at Sari, Mazandaran state, Iran were epidemiologically studied by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Seventy five variable nucleotide sites were found. Sixty two alleles were identified among the seven loci of the @entity5132 isolates and one new allele was obtained. Eighteen Diploid Sequence Types (DSTs) were identified and among those 10 were new. These isolates belonged to nine clonal clusters (CCs) while two isolates occurred as singletons. Eleven (36.7%) isolates belonged to CC 124 after eBURST analysis and 13 isolates (43.3%) were assigned to clade 4. Approximately 17% of the 30 isolates belonged to clade 1 (CC 69 and CC766). Isolates from several @entity1 with burns were found to be genetically related. Some @entity1 yielded multiple isolates with identical DSTs suggest colonization or @entity281 caused by cross contamination between @entity1 . Therefore, isolates that show identical or similar allelic pro   les are presumed to be identical or closely related and may use to evaluate the genetic relationships between isolates from a speci   c environment such as BICU.

title: Multilocus sequence typing of XXXX isolates from Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU) in Iran.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans', 'C. albicans']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['deep-seated nosocomial infections']

answer: @entity5132 :: (5476,Species) :: ['Candida albicans']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Quantitative myocardial perfusion imaging is increasingly used for the diagnosis of @entity453 . Quantitative perfusion imaging allows to noninvasively calculate fractional flow reserve (FFR). This so-called relative flow reserve (RFR) is defined as the ratio of @entity296 flow ( @entity296 ) in a stenotic area to hyperemic @entity296 in a normal perfused area. The aim of this study was to assess the value of RFR in the detection of significant @entity453 . METHODS AND RESULTS: From a clinical population of @entity1 with suspected @entity453 who underwent @entity26 -15-labeled water cardiac positron emission tomography and invasive coronary angiography, 92 @entity1 with single- or 2-vessel disease were included. Intermediate lesions (diameter stenosis, 30%-90%; n=75) were interrogated by FFR. Thirty-eight (41%) vessels were deemed hemodynamically significant (>90% stenosis or FFR  <=0.80). Hyperemic @entity296 , coronary flow reserve, and RFR were lower for vessels with a hemodynamically significant lesion (2.01  0.78 versus 2.90  1.16 mL  @entity1009 )  g(-1); P<0.001, 2.27  1.03 versus 3.10  1.29; P<0.001, and 0.67  0.23 versus 0.93  0.15; P<0.001, respectively). The correlation between RFR and FFR was moderate (r=0.54; P<0.01). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.82 for RFR, which was not significantly higher compared with that for hyperemic @entity296 and coronary flow reserve (0.76; P=0.32 and 0.72; P=0.08, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Noninvasive estimation of FFR by quantitative perfusion positron emission tomography by calculating RFR is feasible, yet only a trend toward a slight improvement of diagnostic accuracy compared with hyperemic @entity296 assessment was determined.

title: Relative Flow Reserve Derived From Quantitative Perfusion Imaging May Not Outperform Stress Myocardial Blood Flow for Identification of Hemodynamically Significant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['MBF', 'hyperemic myocardial blood']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['Coronary Artery Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the effect of African leafy vegetable ( @entity3322 ) consumption on Fe, Zn and @entity904 status in @entity1 . DESIGN: @entity1 were randomly allocated to receive either a 300 g cooked @entity3322 dish and school meal starch (n 86) or the normal school meal (n 81) five times per week for three months. @entity3322 in the dish consisted mainly of Amaranthus cruentus (at least 80 %) and the remainder of Cleome gynandra, Cucurbita maxima or @entity11314 . Nutrient content and consumer acceptance of the @entity3322 dish were also determined. SETTING: North West Province, South Africa. SUBJECTS: Grade R to grade 4 @entity1 (6-12 years old) of two farm schools. RESULTS: The @entity3322 dish contributed 11  6-15  8 mg Fe and 1  4-3  7 mg Zn. At baseline, prevalence of deficiencies in the intervention group was 16  0 %, 16  3 %, 7  0 % and 75  6 %, respectively, for @entity417 (Hb<11  5 g/dl), Fe (serum ferritin<15   g/l), @entity904 (serum @entity904 <20  g/dl) and Zn (serum Zn<65  g/dl); and in the control group 10  5 %, 18  5 %, 2  5 % and 75  3 %, respectively. No significant estimated intervention effect was found. CONCLUSIONS: This randomized controlled trial showed that @entity3322 were unable to improve serum @entity904 , serum ferritin or Hb if there are only mild deficiencies present. Furthermore, despite the low Zn status in the study population, @entity3322 consumption did not improve serum Zn concentrations either.

title: Effect of African leafy vegetables on the micronutrient status of mildly deficient farm-school XXXX in South Africa: a randomized controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A', 'retinol']

entities_list: @entity11314 :: ('3917', 'Species') :: ['Vigna unguiculata']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial with 2-year follow-up. OBJECTIVE: To compare the cost-effectiveness of X-stop to minimally invasive decompression in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity2649 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Lumbar spinal stenosis is the most common indication for operative treatment in elderly. Although surgery is more costly than nonoperative treatment, health outcomes for more than 2 years were shown to be significantly better. Surgical treatment with minimally invasive decompression is widely used. X-stop is introduced as another minimally invasive technique showing good results compared with nonoperative treatment. METHODS: We enrolled 96 @entity1 aged 50 to 85 years, with symptoms of neurogenic intermittent claudication within 250-m walking distance and 1- or 2-level @entity2649 , randomized to either minimally invasive decompression or X-stop. Quality-adjusted life-years were based on EuroQol EQ-5D. The hospital unit costs were estimated by means of the top-down approach. Each cost unit was converted into a monetary value by dividing the overall cost by the amount of cost units produced. The analysis of costs and health outcomes is presented by the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. RESULTS: The study was terminated after a midway interim analysis because of significantly higher reoperation rate in the X-stop group (33%). The incremental cost for X-stop compared with minimally invasive decompression was _OV0556;2832 (95% confidence interval: 1886-3778), whereas the @entity1017 was 0.11 quality-adjusted life-year (95% confidence interval: -0.01 to 0.23). Based on the incremental cost and effect, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was _OV0556;25,700. CONCLUSION: The majority of the bootstrap samples displayed in the northeast corner of the cost-effectiveness plane, giving a 50% likelihood that X-stop is cost-effective at the extra cost of _OV0556;25,700 (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio) for a quality-adjusted life-year. The significantly higher cost of X-stop is mainly due to implant cost and the significantly higher reoperation rate. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2.

title: Comparing Cost-effectiveness of X-Stop With Minimally Invasive Decompression in XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['incremental health gain']

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar spinal stenosis']

answer: @entity2649 :: (MESH:C563613,Disease) :: ['Lumbar Spinal Stenosis']


abstract: A multinational hospital-based case-control study of the risk of @entity1211 associated with combined @entity7280 ( @entity6862 ) done in 1989-93 prompted a separate inquiry comparing the risk of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) associated with low @entity2931 (< 35 micrograms @entity2082 ) @entity6862 containing @entity2692 with risks in low @entity2931 preparations containing the third-generation @entity7828 @entity7281 or @entity2081 . This analysis of data from 9 countries, involved 769 cases and 1979 age matched hospital controls and, in one centre, 246 community controls matched on age and general practice. 137 cases and 203 controls were current users of @entity2692 (odds ratio [OR with 95% confidence interval] 3.5 [2.6-4.7]), with non-users as the reference; 35 cases and 28 controls were current users of @entity7281 (9.1 [4.9-17.0]), and 36 cases and 28 controls were current users of @entity2081 (9.1 [4.9-16.7]). The ratios of these risks, compared with @entity2692 , were 2.6 (1.4-4.8) for both products separately. Risk estimates adjusted for body mass index (BMI) were 3.4, 7.3, and 10.2 for @entity2692 , @entity7281 , and @entity2081 , respectively, compared with non-users, and 2.2 and 3.0 for @entity7281 and @entity2081 , respectively, compared with @entity2692 . 48 (68%) cases and 48 (86%) controls exposed to @entity7281 or @entity2081 were from the UK (Oxford region). In this centre risk estimates compared with non-users, adjusted for BMI, were 2.6, 5.3, and 5.7 for @entity2692 , @entity7281 , and @entity2081 , respectively. Current users of low @entity2931 dose combined @entity6862 containing @entity7281 or @entity2081 appear to be at higher risk of @entity1211 than users of combined @entity6862 containing @entity2692 . The possibility that these unexpected results on a secondary study objective are due to chance, bias, or residual confounding cannot be excluded entirely and the results need to be confirmed by independent studies. They are at variance with the apparently more favourable metabolic effects of the newer @entity7828 . Whether the new @entity7828 are associated with lower risk of @entity455 ( @entity64 and @entity583 ) must be evaluated further.

title: Effect of different @entity7828 in low @entity2931 oral contraceptives on XXXX . World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity2081 :: ('MESH:C033273', 'Chemical') :: ['gestodene']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethinyloestradiol']

entities_list: @entity2692 :: ('MESH:D016912', 'Chemical') :: ['levonorgestrel']

entities_list: @entity7828 :: ('MESH:D011372', 'Chemical') :: ['progestagens']

entities_list: @entity7281 :: ('MESH:D017135', 'Chemical') :: ['desogestrel']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity7280 :: ('MESH:D003276', 'Chemical') :: ['oral contraceptives']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolic disease', 'VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolic disease']


abstract: A multinational hospital-based case-control study of the risk of @entity1211 associated with combined @entity7280 ( @entity6862 ) done in 1989-93 prompted a separate inquiry comparing the risk of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) associated with low @entity2931 (< 35 micrograms @entity2082 ) @entity6862 containing @entity2692 with risks in low @entity2931 preparations containing the third-generation @entity7828 @entity7281 or @entity2081 . This analysis of data from 9 countries, involved 769 cases and 1979 age matched hospital controls and, in one centre, 246 community controls matched on age and general practice. 137 cases and 203 controls were current users of @entity2692 (odds ratio [OR with 95% confidence interval] 3.5 [2.6-4.7]), with non-users as the reference; 35 cases and 28 controls were current users of @entity7281 (9.1 [4.9-17.0]), and 36 cases and 28 controls were current users of @entity2081 (9.1 [4.9-16.7]). The ratios of these risks, compared with @entity2692 , were 2.6 (1.4-4.8) for both products separately. Risk estimates adjusted for body mass index (BMI) were 3.4, 7.3, and 10.2 for @entity2692 , @entity7281 , and @entity2081 , respectively, compared with non-users, and 2.2 and 3.0 for @entity7281 and @entity2081 , respectively, compared with @entity2692 . 48 (68%) cases and 48 (86%) controls exposed to @entity7281 or @entity2081 were from the UK (Oxford region). In this centre risk estimates compared with non-users, adjusted for BMI, were 2.6, 5.3, and 5.7 for @entity2692 , @entity7281 , and @entity2081 , respectively. Current users of low @entity2931 dose combined @entity6862 containing @entity7281 or @entity2081 appear to be at higher risk of @entity1211 than users of combined @entity6862 containing @entity2692 . The possibility that these unexpected results on a secondary study objective are due to chance, bias, or residual confounding cannot be excluded entirely and the results need to be confirmed by independent studies. They are at variance with the apparently more favourable metabolic effects of the newer @entity7828 . Whether the new @entity7828 are associated with lower risk of @entity455 ( @entity64 and @entity583 ) must be evaluated further.

title: Effect of different @entity7828 in low XXXX oral contraceptives on @entity1211 . World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception.

answer: @entity2931 :: (CHEBI:50114,Chemical) :: ['oestrogen']


abstract: A multinational hospital-based case-control study of the risk of @entity1211 associated with combined @entity7280 ( @entity6862 ) done in 1989-93 prompted a separate inquiry comparing the risk of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) associated with low @entity2931 (< 35 micrograms @entity2082 ) @entity6862 containing @entity2692 with risks in low @entity2931 preparations containing the third-generation @entity7828 @entity7281 or @entity2081 . This analysis of data from 9 countries, involved 769 cases and 1979 age matched hospital controls and, in one centre, 246 community controls matched on age and general practice. 137 cases and 203 controls were current users of @entity2692 (odds ratio [OR with 95% confidence interval] 3.5 [2.6-4.7]), with non-users as the reference; 35 cases and 28 controls were current users of @entity7281 (9.1 [4.9-17.0]), and 36 cases and 28 controls were current users of @entity2081 (9.1 [4.9-16.7]). The ratios of these risks, compared with @entity2692 , were 2.6 (1.4-4.8) for both products separately. Risk estimates adjusted for body mass index (BMI) were 3.4, 7.3, and 10.2 for @entity2692 , @entity7281 , and @entity2081 , respectively, compared with non-users, and 2.2 and 3.0 for @entity7281 and @entity2081 , respectively, compared with @entity2692 . 48 (68%) cases and 48 (86%) controls exposed to @entity7281 or @entity2081 were from the UK (Oxford region). In this centre risk estimates compared with non-users, adjusted for BMI, were 2.6, 5.3, and 5.7 for @entity2692 , @entity7281 , and @entity2081 , respectively. Current users of low @entity2931 dose combined @entity6862 containing @entity7281 or @entity2081 appear to be at higher risk of @entity1211 than users of combined @entity6862 containing @entity2692 . The possibility that these unexpected results on a secondary study objective are due to chance, bias, or residual confounding cannot be excluded entirely and the results need to be confirmed by independent studies. They are at variance with the apparently more favourable metabolic effects of the newer @entity7828 . Whether the new @entity7828 are associated with lower risk of @entity455 ( @entity64 and @entity583 ) must be evaluated further.

title: Effect of different XXXX in low @entity2931 oral contraceptives on @entity1211 . World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception.

answer: @entity7828 :: (MESH:D011372,Chemical) :: ['progestagens']


abstract: Mitochondrial mutants of the green alga @entity2060 that are inactivated in the cytochrome pathway of respiration have previously been isolated. Despite the fact that the alternative oxidase pathway is still active the mutants have lost the capacity to grow heterotrophically (dark + @entity598 ) and display reduced growth under mixotrophic conditions (light + @entity598 ). In crosses between wild-type and mutant cells, the meiotic progeny only inherit the character transmitted by the mt- parent, which indicates that the mutations are located in the 15.8 kb linear mitochondrial genome. Two new mutants (dum-18 and dum-19) have now been isolated and characterized genetically, biochemically and at the molecular level. In addition, two previously isolated mutants (dum-11 and dum-15) were characterized in more detail. dum-11 contains two types of deleted mitochondrial DNA molecules: 15.1 kb monomers lacking the subterminal part of the genome, downstream of codon 147 of the apocytochrome b ( @entity43132 ) gene, and dimers resulting from head-to-head fusion of asymmetrically deleted monomers (15.1 and 9.5 kb DNA molecules, respectively). As in the wild type, the three other mutants contain only 15.8 kb mitochondrial DNA molecules. dum-15 is mutated at codon 140 of the @entity43132 gene, a @entity563 (TCT) being changed into a @entity669 (TAC). dum-18 and dum-19 both inactivate cytochrome c oxidase, as a result of frameshift mutations (addition or deletion of 1 bp) at codons 145 and 152, respectively, of the @entity47377 gene encoding subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase. In a total of ten respiratory deficient mitochondrial mutants characterized thus far, only mutations located in @entity43132 or @entity47377 have been isolated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Mutations affecting the mitochondrial genes encoding the cytochrome oxidase subunit I and apocytochrome b of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2060 :: ('3055', 'Species') :: ['Chlamydomonas reinhardtii']

answer: @entity2060 :: (3055,Species) :: ['Chlamydomonas reinhardtii']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3558 production in primary @entity96 is typically interpreted as evidence for biliary differentiation. However, we have observed benign and malignant @entity96 that have abundant extracellular myxoid/mucinous material, yet have only evidence of hepatocellular differentiation. To further characterize these unusual findings, 9 cases were identified and further studied. Four cases were @entity6594 , whereas 5 were @entity157 . Extracellular myxoid/mucinous material was diffuse in 7 cases and patchy in 2 cases. The extracellular myxoid/mucinous material was typically weakly @entity7642 positive (N=6) and Alcian blue positive (N=8). All @entity5 were well differentiated, and none had evidence for biliary differentiation by morphology or immunohistochemistry. The @entity6594 arose in nondiabetic and nonobese @entity1 . Both the hepatic @entity8055 were strongly and diffusely HepPar1 positive, @entity4166 negative, and showed loss of @entity20506 protein expression. These findings indicate that extracellular myxoid/mucinous material in isolation should not be interpreted as @entity201 . Furthermore, the unique morphology, the clinical characteristics, and the immunophenotype results suggest that myxoid @entity6594 and @entity157 may be unique @entity5 variants.

title: Primary Hepatic Tumors With Myxoid Change: Morphologically Unique Hepatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8055 :: ('MESH:D018248', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas and the hepatocellular carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors', 'liver neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity6594 :: ('MESH:C564190', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic adenomas']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity7642 :: ('MESH:C029618', 'Chemical') :: ['mucicarmine']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatocellular carcinomas']

answer: @entity8055 :: (MESH:D018248,Disease) :: ['Adenomas and Hepatocellular Carcinomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Context     LifeWave Energy Enhancer (LEE) patches (LifeWave Corp, San Diego, CA, USA) on skin produce some changes that are consistent with increased energy production, but little is known about their effects on @entity701 concentrations or the peripheral circulation. Objective     The study intended to assess the effects of LEE patches on salivary @entity701 , peripheral circulation, and psychological measures on healthy adults. Methods     A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized pilot study was performed. Setting/Location     Measurements were made in the laboratory at Mind-Body-Science (Tucson, AZ, USA). @entity1 collected some of the saliva samples at work or home. @entity1     To obtain pilot data, 20 healthy individuals with no chronic conditions were recruited-5 males and 15 females-aged 30-69 y. Intervention     @entity1 completed baseline psychological questionnaires and provided saliva samples for hormonal analysis. The next day, fingertip microvascular perfusion was measured, LEE or placebo patches were applied to @entity1 ' wrists, and perfusion scans were repeated, first immediately after and then 10 min after application of the patch. Saliva samples were collected, and questionnaires were completed. @entity1 returned at noon and 4:00 PM for further scans, and at the end of that time, the patches were removed. The protocol was repeated the following day using new patches. Outcome Measures     The research team analyzed the saliva samples for levels of @entity701 and measured the percentage changes in cutaneous microvascular perfusion. The @entity1 completed the energy visual analog scales (eVASs) and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability survey. Results     After the first patch application, the active group showed significantly higher @entity701 concentrations than the placebo group, both at noon-2.39    0.17 ng/mL vs 2.15    0.27 (P = .0360), respectively-and at 4:00 PM- 2.02    0.24 vs 1.67    0.31 (P = .0155), respectively. No consistent changes occurred in perfusion. The eVAS score decreased significantly compared with baseline in the placebo group but not in the active group. Conclusion     @entity701 concentrations and eVAS scores showed significant differences between groups, which is consistent with the patches increasing energy production, warranting further testing.

title: Effects of Energy Enhancer Patches on XXXX Production, Peripheral Circulation, and Psychological Measures: A Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['Cortisol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Severe @entity130 can be associated with significant @entity548 and impaired organ perfusion. We hypothesized that goal-directed therapy would confer morbidity and mortality benefits in major @entity130 . METHODS: The MedLine, Embase and Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trials Register databases were systematically searched for randomized, controlled trials of goal-directed therapy in severe @entity130 @entity1 . Mortality was the primary outcome of this review. Secondary outcomes included complication rates, length of hospital and intensive care unit stay, and the volume of fluid and blood administered. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software, and the data presented are as odds ratios for dichotomous outcomes and as mean differences (MDs) and standard MDs for continuous outcomes. RESULTS: Four randomized, controlled trials including 419 @entity1 were analyzed. Mortality risk was significantly reduced in goal-directed therapy-treated @entity1 , compared to the control group(OR=0.56, 95%CI: 0.34-0.92). Intensive care ( @entity601 : 3.7 days 95%CI: 1.06-6.5)and hospital length of stay ( @entity601 : 3.5 days,95%CI: 2.75-4.25) were significantly shorter in the protocol group @entity1 .There were no differences in reported total fluid volume or blood transfusions administered. Heterogeneity in reporting among the studies prevented quantitative analysis of complications. CONCLUSION: Following severe @entity130 , early goal-directed therapy was associated with lower mortality and shorter durations of intensive care unit and hospital stays. The findings of this analysis should be interpreted with caution due to the presence of significant heterogeneity and the small number of the

title: Hemodynamic optimization in severe XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic shock']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: Several dentifrices that contain @entity273 are currently being marketed. The increased use of bleaching agents containing (or generating) @entity274 prompted this review of the safety of @entity274 when used in oral hygiene. Daily exposure to the low levels of @entity274 present in dentifrices is much lower than that of bleaching agents that contain or produce high levels of @entity274 for an extended period of time. @entity273 has been used in dentistry alone or in combination with salts for over 70 years. Studies in which 3% @entity274 or less were used daily for up to 6 years showed occasional transitory irritant effects only in a small number of subjects with preexisting @entity1066 , or when high levels of salt solutions were concurrently administered. In contrast, bleaching agents that employ or generate high levels of @entity274 or organic @entity2627 can produce localized oral @entity137 following sustained exposure if mishandled. Potential health concerns related to prolonged @entity273 use have been raised, based on animal studies. From a single study using the hamster cheek pouch model, 30% @entity274 was referred to as a @entity5932 . This (and later) studies have shown that at 3% or less, no cocarcinogenic activity or adverse effects were observed in the hamster cheek pouch following lengthy exposure to @entity274 . In @entity1 , prolonged use of @entity273 decreased plaque and @entity2522 indices. However, therapeutic delivery of @entity274 to prevent @entity2520 required mechanical access to @entity5951 . Furthermore, wound healing following gingival surgery was enhanced due to the antimicrobial effects of topically administered @entity273 . For most subjects, beneficial effects were seen with @entity274 levels above 1%.

title: XXXX : a review of its use in dentistry.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2627 :: ('MESH:D010545', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxides']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity2522 :: ('MESH:D005891', 'Disease') :: ['gingivitis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity5932 :: ('MESH:C565008', 'Disease') :: ['cocarcinogen in the oral mucosa']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen peroxide', 'hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity5951 :: ('MESH:D005888', 'Disease') :: ['subgingival pockets']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['Hydrogen peroxide']


abstract: Previous trials to assess the efficacy of lumbar traction for back @entity158 have been methodologically flawed. To avoid these shortcomings, we conducted a randomised controlled trial in which high-dose traction was compared with sham traction. The sham traction was given with a specially developed brace that tightens in the back during traction. To the @entity1 , the experience is that of traction. The @entity1 and outcome assessor were blinded for the assigned treatment. 151 @entity1 with at least six weeks of non-specific @entity1643 were randomised. Intention to treat analysis showed no differences between the groups on all outcome measures ( @entity1 ' global perceived effect, severity of main complaints, functional status and @entity158 ); all 95% confidence intervals included the value zero. The number of withdrawals from treatment, loss to follow-up, and protocol deviations was low. Consequently, the per-protocol analysis showed results similar to the intention to treat analysis. Subgroup analyses did not show any group for which traction might seem promising. Our data do not support the claim that traction is effective for @entity1 with @entity1643 .

title: Efficacy of traction for non-specific XXXX : a randomised clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

answer: @entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['low back pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1363 and @entity6948 , which are used for sedation during @entity10747 , were compared to evaluate the differences in efficacy, hemodynamics, and side effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty @entity1 aged between 18 and 80 were randomly assigned to two groups according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification: Group M received @entity1363 with an initial bolus infusion of 0.04 mg/kg intravenously (i.v.), followed by additional doses of 0.5 mg i.v. @entity1363 , titrated to achieve a Ramsay sedation scale score of 3-4. Group D received @entity6948 with an initial bolus infusion of 1 mcg/kg/hr i.v. over 10 minutes, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.2-0.7 mcg/kg/hr, titrated to achieve an @entity6815 of 3-4. A @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) was performed prior to sedation and in the recovery room once the Modified Aldrete Score (MAS) reached 9-10. @entity1 heart rates, arterial pressure and @entity158 were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity1 in Group D had lower heart rates at 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 minutes following the initiation of sedation (p<0.05). There was no statistical difference in arterial pressure, @entity6815 , @entity1032 or respiratory rate between the two groups. Coughing, @entity390 and @entity391 occurred in 3 @entity1 in Group M (12%), whereas no @entity1 in Group D experienced these symptoms. The procedure elicited a gag response in 7 @entity1 in Group M (28%) and in 4 @entity1 in Group D (16%), with no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). When @entity1 and surgeon satisfaction was compared between the two groups, Group D showed higher surgeon satisfaction scores (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The use of @entity6948 for conscious sedation during short, invasive procedures, such as @entity10747 , could be a superior alternative to the use of @entity1363 .

title: Conscious sedation for @entity10747 : XXXX versus @entity1363 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['MMSE', 'Mini Mental Status Examination']

entities_list: @entity10747 :: ('MESH:D012183', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['Midazolam', 'midazolam']

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1363 and @entity6948 , which are used for sedation during @entity10747 , were compared to evaluate the differences in efficacy, hemodynamics, and side effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty @entity1 aged between 18 and 80 were randomly assigned to two groups according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification: Group M received @entity1363 with an initial bolus infusion of 0.04 mg/kg intravenously (i.v.), followed by additional doses of 0.5 mg i.v. @entity1363 , titrated to achieve a Ramsay sedation scale score of 3-4. Group D received @entity6948 with an initial bolus infusion of 1 mcg/kg/hr i.v. over 10 minutes, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.2-0.7 mcg/kg/hr, titrated to achieve an @entity6815 of 3-4. A @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) was performed prior to sedation and in the recovery room once the Modified Aldrete Score (MAS) reached 9-10. @entity1 heart rates, arterial pressure and @entity158 were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity1 in Group D had lower heart rates at 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 minutes following the initiation of sedation (p<0.05). There was no statistical difference in arterial pressure, @entity6815 , @entity1032 or respiratory rate between the two groups. Coughing, @entity390 and @entity391 occurred in 3 @entity1 in Group M (12%), whereas no @entity1 in Group D experienced these symptoms. The procedure elicited a gag response in 7 @entity1 in Group M (28%) and in 4 @entity1 in Group D (16%), with no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). When @entity1 and surgeon satisfaction was compared between the two groups, Group D showed higher surgeon satisfaction scores (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The use of @entity6948 for conscious sedation during short, invasive procedures, such as @entity10747 , could be a superior alternative to the use of @entity1363 .

title: Conscious sedation for XXXX : @entity6948 versus @entity1363 .

answer: @entity10747 :: (MESH:D012183,Disease) :: ['endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1363 and @entity6948 , which are used for sedation during @entity10747 , were compared to evaluate the differences in efficacy, hemodynamics, and side effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty @entity1 aged between 18 and 80 were randomly assigned to two groups according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification: Group M received @entity1363 with an initial bolus infusion of 0.04 mg/kg intravenously (i.v.), followed by additional doses of 0.5 mg i.v. @entity1363 , titrated to achieve a Ramsay sedation scale score of 3-4. Group D received @entity6948 with an initial bolus infusion of 1 mcg/kg/hr i.v. over 10 minutes, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.2-0.7 mcg/kg/hr, titrated to achieve an @entity6815 of 3-4. A @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) was performed prior to sedation and in the recovery room once the Modified Aldrete Score (MAS) reached 9-10. @entity1 heart rates, arterial pressure and @entity158 were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity1 in Group D had lower heart rates at 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 minutes following the initiation of sedation (p<0.05). There was no statistical difference in arterial pressure, @entity6815 , @entity1032 or respiratory rate between the two groups. Coughing, @entity390 and @entity391 occurred in 3 @entity1 in Group M (12%), whereas no @entity1 in Group D experienced these symptoms. The procedure elicited a gag response in 7 @entity1 in Group M (28%) and in 4 @entity1 in Group D (16%), with no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). When @entity1 and surgeon satisfaction was compared between the two groups, Group D showed higher surgeon satisfaction scores (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The use of @entity6948 for conscious sedation during short, invasive procedures, such as @entity10747 , could be a superior alternative to the use of @entity1363 .

title: Conscious sedation for @entity10747 : @entity6948 versus XXXX .

answer: @entity1363 :: (MESH:D008874,Chemical) :: ['midazolam']


abstract: The etiology and the pathogenesis of the chronic @entity29 known as @entity30 and @entity31 have not been defined. Therefore, in this study the main emphasis was placed on description of the pathologic anatomy. Disturbed blood supply and @entity455 have been discussed as etiopathogenetic factors. The results in the literature are frequently contradictory. For this reason, the vascular system of the colon in @entity30 and @entity31 was systematically examined by means of various morphological methods in this study. Microvascular corrosion casting and translucent specimens were taken from operative specimens taken from 12 @entity1 with @entity30 and 8 with @entity31 . For comparison, @entity5 -free parts of 6 @entity694 specimens were examined. The evaluation was done by scanning electron- and/or stereoscopic microscopy. In the presence of chronic @entity29 , caliber differences in the tunica muscularis and rarefaction of the penetrating blood vessels were found. In summary, an @entity73 in the tunica muscularis can be postulated. For the first time, the resulting @entity2979 has been described, in contrast to the previously described disturbed arterial blood supply.

title: [Angio-architecture of the colon in Crohn disease and XXXX . Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy studies with reference to the morphology of the healthy large intestine].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disorders']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of the blood flow']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease dilatation of the submucosal veins', 'inflammatory bowel diseases']

entities_list: @entity2979 :: ('MESH:D054070', 'Disease') :: ['venous stasis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Overweight and @entity28 are common health problems among adolescents. This study was set up to evaluate these problems and certain socio-demographic-related factors among three ethnic groups as represented by primary school @entity1 in northern Iran in 2010. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study performed on 7433 students (Fars-native=3268, Turkman=2852, Sisstani=1313) from 112 schools in urban and rural areas. The schools and students were chosen by cluster and stratified sampling. The data were collected by interviewers for all samples throughout the study. Overweight and @entity28 were identified on the basis of the BMI cut-off Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) values (in excess of the 85(th) and 95(th) percentiles, respectively). SPSS 16.0 software for Windows was used for the analysis. RESULTS: Linear regression analyses revealed that weight, height and BMI increased by 2.70 kg, 4.62 cm and 0.42 kgm(-2), respectively, in @entity1 (p=0.001) and 3.12 kg, 5.19 cm and 0.52 kgm(-2), respectively, in @entity1 (p=0.001) for each year increase in age. In total, overweight was identified in 8.4% of those studied, while @entity28 was common in 14.1% of students. The rates of overweight and @entity28 were significantly different among all three ethnic groups (p=0.001). These rates were higher among the Fars-native individuals and lower among the Sisstani individuals as compared with the other groups. Logistic regression analyses showed that the risk of overweight and @entity28 was 2.104 (1.769-2.502, CI: 95%)-fold greater in the Fars-native as compared with the Sisstanish ethnic group and 2.297 (1.911-2.761, CI 95)-fold greater in the good economic group as compared with the poor economic group. CONCLUSION: One out of seven primary school @entity1 in northern Iran suffers from @entity28 and overweight, although the rates differed among the three ethnic groups examined. This study emphasizes the importance of public health training about @entity28 for @entity1 , especially those living in urban areas and those from high-income families.

title: Ethnic differences in body mass index, weight and height among school XXXX in the north of iran.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['boys', 'girls', 'children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']