abstract: BACKGROUND: Prognostic factors for @entity1 with soft-tissue @entity242 who are treated with conservative surgery and radiation are documented poorly. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features and disease outcome for 1225 @entity1 with @entity242 who were treated with conservative surgery and radiation were reviewed retrospectively. Actuarial univariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to determine significant prognostic factors for local control, metastatic recurrence, and disease specific survival. RESULTS: The median follow-up of surviving @entity1 was 9.5 years. The respective local control rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 83%, 80%, and 79%. Factors predictive of local recurrence were positive or uncertain resection margins; @entity5 located in the head and neck and the deep trunk; presentation with local recurrence; @entity1 age > 64 years; malignant @entity82 , @entity6011 . or @entity242 histopathology; @entity5 measuring > 10 cm in greatest dimension; and high pathologic grade. Freedom from @entity3 at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years was 71%, 68%, and 66%, respectively. Factors that were predictive of metastatic recurrence were high @entity5 grade; large @entity5 size (> 5 cm); and @entity1822 , @entity980 , @entity1352 , or @entity242 . The respective disease specific survival rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 73%, 68%, and 65%. Adverse factors for disease specific survival were high @entity5 grade; large @entity5 size (> 5 cm); @entity5 located in the head and neck and deep trunk; @entity980 , @entity242 , or clear cell @entity242 ; @entity1 age > 64 years; and positive or uncertain resection margins. CONCLUSIONS: Soft-tissue @entity242 comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases. Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastatic recurrence, lymph node recurrence, disease free survival, and disease specific survival are different, and optimal treatment strategies need to take this complexity into account.

title: Prognostic factors for @entity1 with localized soft-tissue XXXX treated with conservation surgery and radiation therapy: an analysis of 1225 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous histiocytoma']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'localized sarcoma', 'epithelioid sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity6011 :: ('MESH:D018319', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prognostic factors for @entity1 with soft-tissue @entity242 who are treated with conservative surgery and radiation are documented poorly. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features and disease outcome for 1225 @entity1 with @entity242 who were treated with conservative surgery and radiation were reviewed retrospectively. Actuarial univariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to determine significant prognostic factors for local control, metastatic recurrence, and disease specific survival. RESULTS: The median follow-up of surviving @entity1 was 9.5 years. The respective local control rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 83%, 80%, and 79%. Factors predictive of local recurrence were positive or uncertain resection margins; @entity5 located in the head and neck and the deep trunk; presentation with local recurrence; @entity1 age > 64 years; malignant @entity82 , @entity6011 . or @entity242 histopathology; @entity5 measuring > 10 cm in greatest dimension; and high pathologic grade. Freedom from @entity3 at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years was 71%, 68%, and 66%, respectively. Factors that were predictive of metastatic recurrence were high @entity5 grade; large @entity5 size (> 5 cm); and @entity1822 , @entity980 , @entity1352 , or @entity242 . The respective disease specific survival rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 73%, 68%, and 65%. Adverse factors for disease specific survival were high @entity5 grade; large @entity5 size (> 5 cm); @entity5 located in the head and neck and deep trunk; @entity980 , @entity242 , or clear cell @entity242 ; @entity1 age > 64 years; and positive or uncertain resection margins. CONCLUSIONS: Soft-tissue @entity242 comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases. Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastatic recurrence, lymph node recurrence, disease free survival, and disease specific survival are different, and optimal treatment strategies need to take this complexity into account.

title: Prognostic factors for XXXX with localized soft-tissue @entity242 treated with conservation surgery and radiation therapy: an analysis of 1225 @entity1 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prognostic factors for @entity1 with soft-tissue @entity242 who are treated with conservative surgery and radiation are documented poorly. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features and disease outcome for 1225 @entity1 with @entity242 who were treated with conservative surgery and radiation were reviewed retrospectively. Actuarial univariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to determine significant prognostic factors for local control, metastatic recurrence, and disease specific survival. RESULTS: The median follow-up of surviving @entity1 was 9.5 years. The respective local control rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 83%, 80%, and 79%. Factors predictive of local recurrence were positive or uncertain resection margins; @entity5 located in the head and neck and the deep trunk; presentation with local recurrence; @entity1 age > 64 years; malignant @entity82 , @entity6011 . or @entity242 histopathology; @entity5 measuring > 10 cm in greatest dimension; and high pathologic grade. Freedom from @entity3 at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years was 71%, 68%, and 66%, respectively. Factors that were predictive of metastatic recurrence were high @entity5 grade; large @entity5 size (> 5 cm); and @entity1822 , @entity980 , @entity1352 , or @entity242 . The respective disease specific survival rates at 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 73%, 68%, and 65%. Adverse factors for disease specific survival were high @entity5 grade; large @entity5 size (> 5 cm); @entity5 located in the head and neck and deep trunk; @entity980 , @entity242 , or clear cell @entity242 ; @entity1 age > 64 years; and positive or uncertain resection margins. CONCLUSIONS: Soft-tissue @entity242 comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases. Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastatic recurrence, lymph node recurrence, disease free survival, and disease specific survival are different, and optimal treatment strategies need to take this complexity into account.

title: Prognostic factors for @entity1 with localized soft-tissue @entity242 treated with conservation surgery and radiation therapy: an analysis of 1225 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity4807 - and @entity5126 -dependent antiplatelet antibodies are generally believed to bind to the membrane glycoprotein complex, GPIb/IX. However, we and others have found that some drug-dependent antibodies bind to platelets from @entity1 with the @entity3742 which lack these glycoproteins. We therefore studied the reactions of a group of these antibodies with normal and @entity3742 platelets and their membrane proteins. As indicated by rosette formation of the sensitized platelets around protein A-Sepharose beads, two @entity4807 - and two @entity5126 -dependent antibodies reacted with both normal and @entity3742 platelets at a high (300 microM) concentration of drug. At a pharmacologic drug concentration (10 microM), all four antibodies reacted with normal platelets but only the two @entity4807 -induced antibodies reacted with @entity3742 platelets. Immunoprecipitation studies with solubilized, @entity4463 -labelled normal platelets, at both high and low drug concentrations, showed that each of the four antibodies precipitated proteins corresponding to GPIb and @entity17432 . Fainter bands corresponding to glycoproteins IIb and IIIa, which do not label well with @entity4463 , were also detected. With radioiodinated normal platelets, it was found that each of the four antibodies was capable of precipitating @entity1427 /IIIa, but only in the presence of drug. The four antibodies also promoted drug-dependent precipitation of @entity1427 and @entity1428 from lysates of radioiodinated @entity3742 platelets. The two @entity4807 -dependent antibodies precipitated these glycoproteins at both high and low drug concentrations, while the @entity5126 -dependent antibodies reacted much more strongly at the higher drug concentration. Precipitation of GPIb/IX was not observed with BSS platelets. Absorption of a @entity4807 -induced antibody with @entity3742 platelets in the presence of drug eliminated its ability to precipitate @entity1427 and @entity1428 . However, the absorbed antibody retained the ability to precipitate GPIb from solubilized normal platelets. Thus, at least two drug-dependent antibodies were present, one specific for GPIb/IX and the other for @entity1427 /IIIa. These findings indicate that @entity1422 , in addition to the GPIb/IX complex, can serve as targets for drug-dependent antibodies in both intact and detergent-solubilized platelet preparations.

title: XXXX - and @entity5126 platelet antibodies can react with @entity1427 /IIIa.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3742 :: ('MESH:D001606', 'Disease') :: ['Bernard-Soulier', 'Bernard-Soulier syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4463 :: ('CHEBI:29304', 'Chemical') :: ['tritium']

entities_list: @entity4807 :: ('MESH:D011803', 'Chemical') :: ['quinine', 'Quinine']

entities_list: @entity5126 :: ('MESH:D011802', 'Chemical') :: ['quinidine']

entities_list: @entity1422 :: ('MESH:D013915', 'Disease') :: ['glycoproteins IIb and/or IIIa']

answer: @entity4807 :: (MESH:D011803,Chemical) :: ['Quinine']


abstract: @entity4807 - and @entity5126 -dependent antiplatelet antibodies are generally believed to bind to the membrane glycoprotein complex, GPIb/IX. However, we and others have found that some drug-dependent antibodies bind to platelets from @entity1 with the @entity3742 which lack these glycoproteins. We therefore studied the reactions of a group of these antibodies with normal and @entity3742 platelets and their membrane proteins. As indicated by rosette formation of the sensitized platelets around protein A-Sepharose beads, two @entity4807 - and two @entity5126 -dependent antibodies reacted with both normal and @entity3742 platelets at a high (300 microM) concentration of drug. At a pharmacologic drug concentration (10 microM), all four antibodies reacted with normal platelets but only the two @entity4807 -induced antibodies reacted with @entity3742 platelets. Immunoprecipitation studies with solubilized, @entity4463 -labelled normal platelets, at both high and low drug concentrations, showed that each of the four antibodies precipitated proteins corresponding to GPIb and @entity17432 . Fainter bands corresponding to glycoproteins IIb and IIIa, which do not label well with @entity4463 , were also detected. With radioiodinated normal platelets, it was found that each of the four antibodies was capable of precipitating @entity1427 /IIIa, but only in the presence of drug. The four antibodies also promoted drug-dependent precipitation of @entity1427 and @entity1428 from lysates of radioiodinated @entity3742 platelets. The two @entity4807 -dependent antibodies precipitated these glycoproteins at both high and low drug concentrations, while the @entity5126 -dependent antibodies reacted much more strongly at the higher drug concentration. Precipitation of GPIb/IX was not observed with BSS platelets. Absorption of a @entity4807 -induced antibody with @entity3742 platelets in the presence of drug eliminated its ability to precipitate @entity1427 and @entity1428 . However, the absorbed antibody retained the ability to precipitate GPIb from solubilized normal platelets. Thus, at least two drug-dependent antibodies were present, one specific for GPIb/IX and the other for @entity1427 /IIIa. These findings indicate that @entity1422 , in addition to the GPIb/IX complex, can serve as targets for drug-dependent antibodies in both intact and detergent-solubilized platelet preparations.

title: @entity4807 - and @entity5126 platelet antibodies can react with XXXX /IIIa.

answer: @entity1427 :: (3674,Gene) :: ['GPIIb']


abstract: @entity4807 - and @entity5126 -dependent antiplatelet antibodies are generally believed to bind to the membrane glycoprotein complex, GPIb/IX. However, we and others have found that some drug-dependent antibodies bind to platelets from @entity1 with the @entity3742 which lack these glycoproteins. We therefore studied the reactions of a group of these antibodies with normal and @entity3742 platelets and their membrane proteins. As indicated by rosette formation of the sensitized platelets around protein A-Sepharose beads, two @entity4807 - and two @entity5126 -dependent antibodies reacted with both normal and @entity3742 platelets at a high (300 microM) concentration of drug. At a pharmacologic drug concentration (10 microM), all four antibodies reacted with normal platelets but only the two @entity4807 -induced antibodies reacted with @entity3742 platelets. Immunoprecipitation studies with solubilized, @entity4463 -labelled normal platelets, at both high and low drug concentrations, showed that each of the four antibodies precipitated proteins corresponding to GPIb and @entity17432 . Fainter bands corresponding to glycoproteins IIb and IIIa, which do not label well with @entity4463 , were also detected. With radioiodinated normal platelets, it was found that each of the four antibodies was capable of precipitating @entity1427 /IIIa, but only in the presence of drug. The four antibodies also promoted drug-dependent precipitation of @entity1427 and @entity1428 from lysates of radioiodinated @entity3742 platelets. The two @entity4807 -dependent antibodies precipitated these glycoproteins at both high and low drug concentrations, while the @entity5126 -dependent antibodies reacted much more strongly at the higher drug concentration. Precipitation of GPIb/IX was not observed with BSS platelets. Absorption of a @entity4807 -induced antibody with @entity3742 platelets in the presence of drug eliminated its ability to precipitate @entity1427 and @entity1428 . However, the absorbed antibody retained the ability to precipitate GPIb from solubilized normal platelets. Thus, at least two drug-dependent antibodies were present, one specific for GPIb/IX and the other for @entity1427 /IIIa. These findings indicate that @entity1422 , in addition to the GPIb/IX complex, can serve as targets for drug-dependent antibodies in both intact and detergent-solubilized platelet preparations.

title: @entity4807 - and XXXX platelet antibodies can react with @entity1427 /IIIa.

answer: @entity5126 :: (MESH:D011802,Chemical) :: ['quinidine']


abstract: Binding of monoclonal antibody @entity38695 to western blots of @entity1 seminal plasma was employed to follow the fate of a seminal vesicle-specific antigen (SVSA) during semen liquefaction. Ejaculates from four vasectomized donors were collected in a manner to inhibit liquefaction or to allow liquefaction to proceed at room temperature. Aliquots of the liquefying seminal fluid were removed at specific time points and further liquefaction inhibited with @entity3208 ( @entity214 ). Western blot analysis using monoclonal antibody @entity38695 demonstrated that the SVSA epitope in all donors was located on multiple bands ranging in mass from 15-92 kDa in unliquefied ejaculates; immunoreactive peptides below 15 kDa were not detected. As early as 5 min post ejaculation, immunoreactive bands below 15 kDa were identified in liquefying samples. During the same time period (5 min), immunoreactive bands of 69-71 and 58 kDa could not be immunologically detected in liquefying samples. A decrease in immunoreactive staining of components higher molecular mass was accompanied by a concomitant increase in immunoreactive staining of intermediate and small molecular mass molecules during the first 2 h of liquefaction. After 8-24 h of liquefaction, two immunoreactive bands of 10.9 and 12.5 kDa predominated. Between 24 and 48 h, each donor's ejaculate demonstrated a common single immunoreactive band of 10.9 kDa. These results indicate that there is a rapid transformation in mass of the SVSA with major 69-71 and 58 kDa bands being converted to forms of lower mass within 5 min of ejaculation.

title: XXXX seminal vesicle-specific antigen during semen liquefaction.

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: 1 The mechanism of action of @entity5402 was studied on freshly dispersed cells of the @entity35 anococcygeus using microelectrodes and patch pipettes. 2 Micro-ionophoretic application of @entity5402 evoked reproducible depolarizations which were reduced or blocked by @entity3897 (10(-7)-10(-6) M). The time courses of the responses to @entity1063 and @entity5402 were similar. 3 The reversal potential of the @entity5402 -induced response was -3.8 mV and similar to the value (-6.2 mV) found for @entity1063 . 4 During the response to @entity5402 the membrane conductance was increased. At depolarized membrane potentials @entity5402 evoked biphasic membrane responses suggesting an increase in two separate ionic conductances. 5 With patch pipettes in the whole-cell configuration under voltage-clamp, @entity5402 produced an inward current at a holding potential of -50 mV. The inward current was associated with an increase in membrane conductance with an equilibrium potential of about 0 mV. 6 It is suggested that muscarinic receptors and adrenoceptors in the @entity35 anococcygeus may activate similar membrane conductances. The most prominent mechanism is an increase in @entity2865 ion conductance.

title: Membrane mechanism associated with muscarinic receptor activation in single cells freshly dispersed from the XXXX anococcygeus muscle.

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity2865 :: ('CHEBI:17996', 'Chemical') :: ['chloride']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity11520 lactoperoxidase (WBLPO) was purified with Amberlite CG-50 ( @entity17114 form) resin, CM-Sephadex C-50 ion-exchange chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 gel-filtration chromatography from skimmed buffalo milk. The purity of the WBLPO was shown with @entity214 -PAGE. The R(z) (A(412)/A(280)) value for the WBLPO was 0.9. The optimum pH for the WBLPO was at 6.0. The K(m) value at optimum pH and 25 degrees C was 0.13 mM. The V(max) value at optimum pH and 25 degrees C was 5.3 micro mol/min per ml. The K(i) values for @entity1042 , @entity1068 , @entity3733 ( @entity3733 ), @entity1626 , @entity5723 , @entity6188 ( @entity8694 ), @entity6442 ( @entity9104 ), and @entity10977 were 1.087, 0.364, 0.302, 0.459, 0.330, 0.126, 0.093, and 2.125 M, respectively. All the solvents showed competitive inhibition. The I(50) values of @entity1042 , @entity1068 , @entity3733 , @entity1626 , @entity5723 , @entity6188 , @entity6442 , and @entity10977 were 2.910, 0.942, 0.537, 1.320, 0.875, 0.470, 0.405, and 3.920 M, respectively. @entity10977 , @entity1042 , @entity1626 , and @entity1068 have been found to be very promising solvents for performing biocatalytic reactions with LPO in organic media.

title: Effects of the water-miscible organic solvents on lactoperoxidase purified from creek- XXXX milk.

entities_list: @entity10977 :: ('MESH:D019855', 'Chemical') :: ['Ethylene glycol', 'ethylene glycol']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity5723 :: ('MESH:D019840', 'Chemical') :: ['isopropanol']

entities_list: @entity6188 :: ('MESH:C018674', 'Chemical') :: ['tetrahydrofuran']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethyl sulfoxide', 'DMSO']

entities_list: @entity6442 :: ('MESH:D004126', 'Chemical') :: ['N,N-dimethylformamide']

answer: @entity11520 :: (89462,Species) :: ['water buffalo']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to characterize the changes in postsynaptic potentials recorded in ankle extensor motoneurons resulting from activation of the sural nerve after spinal cord transection in the adult cat. Eight acute and nine chronic animals were spinalized at T12. Intracellular recordings from motoneurons innervating the triceps surae were performed. Sural nerve stimulation evoked complex synaptic potentials consisting of early and late components in all motoneurons. Early excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (PSPs), as well as long latency excitatory postsynaptic potentials were recorded and averaged for assessment of @entity7463 amplitude and duration. Early PSPs, both excitatory and inhibitory, were significantly larger in the motoneurons of @entity468 spinalized 4-6 months earlier. Central latency of excitatory potentials were similar in the two samples of motoneurons, but the central latency associated with the initial inhibitory @entity7463 was significantly shorter in the recordings from motoneurons of chronic spinal @entity468 . In most recordings, an additional inhibitory @entity7463 followed the initial excitatory @entity7463 in motoneurons, and this secondary inhibitory @entity7463 was similar in peak amplitude and duration in both samples of motoneurons. Also, a long latency excitatory @entity7463 was recorded in a large percentage of motoneurons from both samples. This potential was typically of greater amplitude and longer duration in the motoneurons from chronic animals, when compared to recordings from acute animals. Although changes in amplitude and duration of @entity7463 activity could be documented, there was no marked alteration in the frequency of occurrence of each @entity7463 pattern recorded from the two preparations. This suggests that the synaptic pathways mediating the sural nerve reflexes have not qualitatively changed in the chronic spinal animal. The changes in amplitudes and durations of the PSPs in the chronic spinal cat indicate, however, that quantitative changes have occurred. The quantitative changes have probably occurred in the interneuronal networks activated by cutaneous nerve (sural) stimulation, since it was shown that only minor changes in motoneuron membrane properties could be recorded in these same chronic spinal animals.

title: Characterization of postsynaptic potentials evoked by sural nerve stimulation in hindlimb motoneurons from acute and chronic spinal XXXX .

answer: @entity468 :: (9685,Species) :: ['cats']


abstract: Bilateral destruction of the @entity35 ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) produces a syndrome characterized by @entity7298 and @entity28 . In the present study we examined whether grafts of fetal hypothalamus could reverse the effects of this lesion. Three groups of adult @entity35 received bilateral electrolytic lesions of the VMH. The first group of animals was then implanted with embryonic day 14-16 hypothalamic tissue by stereotaxic injection into the lesion sites. The second series of animals received comparable-sized grafts from a variety of non-hypothalamic regions of the fetal CNS. The third group experienced similar VMH lesions but did not receive any tissue grafts. After surgery, body weight and food consumption were recorded daily for up to 8 weeks. These measures were compared with similar ones obtained from non-operated @entity35 . @entity7298 and @entity28 were consistently observed in all of the lesioned animals not bearing transplants. An initial period of @entity1017 was also observed in animals receiving hypothalamic grafts, but the duration of the 'dynamic' phase of this syndrome was reduced. Consequently, these graft recipients exhibited significantly less @entity1017 . This depressed @entity1017 , however, did not coincide with a statistically significant decrease in @entity7298 . Transplantation of non-hypothalamic tissue also caused an attenuation of the VMH-lesion effect but this was more modest than that induced by homotopic grafts. The results of this experiment show that homotopic transplants can alter the dynamics of @entity1017 induced by bilateral VMH lesions. However, lesion-induced @entity7298 was not completely reversed in these grafted animals. The fact that other regions can exert a similar effect, though of lesser magnitude, suggests that a more general property of fetal CNS tissue may be involved.

title: Fetal hypothalamic brain grafts reduce the XXXX produced by ventromedial hypothalamic lesions.

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity7298 :: ('MESH:D006963', 'Disease') :: ['hyperphagia', 'Hyperphagia']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To prospectively assess the relation between carotid plaque characteristics and the development of new cerebral @entity62 ( @entity62 ) at MRI. METHODS: Fifty TIA/ @entity64 @entity1 with ipsilateral 30-69% carotid stenosis underwent MRI of the plaque at baseline. Total plaque volume and markers of vulnerability to @entity1031 (lipid-rich necrotic core [LRNC] volume, fibrous cap [FC] status, and presence of intraplaque hemorrhage [IPH]) were assessed. All @entity1 also underwent brain MRI at baseline and after one year. Ipsilateral cerebral @entity62 were quantified with a semiautomatic method. RESULTS: Mean WML volume significantly increased over a one-year period (6.52 vs. 6.97 mm(3), P=0.005). WML volume at baseline and WML progression did not significantly differ (P>0.05) between @entity1 with 30-49% and @entity1 with 50-69% stenosis. There was a significant correlation between total plaque volume and baseline ipsilateral WML volume (Spearman   =0.393, P=0.005). There was no significant correlation between total plaque volume and ipsilateral WML progression. There were no significant associations between LRNC volume and WML volume at baseline and WML progression. WML volume at baseline and WML progression did not significantly differ between @entity1 with a thick and intact FC and @entity1 with a thin and/or ruptured FC. WML volume at baseline and WML progression also did not significantly differ between @entity1 with and without IPH. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that carotid plaque burden is significantly associated with WML severity, but that there is no causal relationship between carotid plaque vulnerability and the occurrence of @entity62 .

title: Association between carotid plaque characteristics and cerebral XXXX : one-year follow-up study by MRI.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter lesions', 'WMLs']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

answer: @entity62 :: (MESH:D056784,Disease) :: ['white matter lesions']


abstract: Thirty-seven @entity1 and twelve @entity1 who had been sexually abused at an average of 2.6 years previously were traced and reviewed. The nonoffending parents participated in a structured interview and the @entity1 were assessed using the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale and the Achenbach @entity1 Behavior Checklist. Each @entity1 was matched with a @entity1 not known to have been sexually abused and these control @entity1 underwent a similar psychological assessment. Interviews with the nonoffending parents found that 76% of the @entity1 were thought to be less confident than before, 30% had fewer friends, and 20% were more aggressive. Increased sexual awareness was noted in 24%. School teachers reported that 28% still had behavior problems, 17% had repeated a year at school, and a further 17% had deteriorated in their school work. The sexually abused @entity1 had significantly lower self-esteem than the control @entity1 . There was no difference in self-esteem between the control and the sexually abused @entity1 . There was a higher incidence of stranger assault in the @entity1 compared with the @entity1 . The @entity1 Behavior Checklist completed by the parents, the Teacher Report Form, and the Youth Self-Report of the @entity1 Behavior Checklist showed that a highly significant proportion of sexually abused @entity1 fell into the clinical range. @entity458 appears to have long-term adverse consequences for many of the victims. This may have implications for their ability to relate to others, for the adult friendships they will make, and eventually for the way they will relate to their own @entity1 .

title: Personality development following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'boys', 'girls', 'child']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['Sexual abuse']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['sexual abuse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Plant apoplast is the prime site for signal perception and defense response, and of great importance in responding to environmental stresses. @entity273 ( @entity274 ) plays a pivotal role in determining the responsiveness of cells to stress. However, how the apoplast proteome changes under oxidative condition is largely unknown. In this study, we initiated a comparative proteomic analysis to explore @entity274 -responsive proteins in the apoplast of @entity579 seedling roots. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: 14-day-old @entity579 seedlings were treated with low concentrations (300 and 600   M) of @entity274 for 6 h and the levels of relative electrolyte leakage, @entity1234 and @entity274 were assayed in roots. The modified vacuum infiltration method was used to extract apoplast proteins of @entity579 seedling roots, and then two-dimensional electrophoresis gel analysis revealed 58 differentially expressed protein spots under low @entity274 conditions. Of these, 54 were successfully identified by PMF or @entity15 / @entity15 as matches to 35 different proteins including known and novel @entity274 -responsive proteins. Almost all of these identities (98%) were indeed apoplast proteins confirmed either by previous experiments or through publicly available prediction programs. These proteins identified are involved in a variety of processes, including redox homeostasis, cell wall modification, signal transduction, cell defense and @entity1735 metabolism, indicating a complex regulative network in the apoplast of seedling roots under @entity274 stress. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The present study is the first apoplast proteome investigation of plant seedlings in response to @entity274 and may be of paramount importance for the understanding of the plant network to environmental stresses. Based on the abundant changes in these proteins, together with their putative functions, we proposed a possible protein network that provides new insights into oxidative stress response in the @entity579 root apoplast and clues for the further functional research of target proteins associated with @entity274 response.

title: Comparative proteomics analysis of the root apoplasts of @entity579 seedlings in response to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen peroxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Plant apoplast is the prime site for signal perception and defense response, and of great importance in responding to environmental stresses. @entity273 ( @entity274 ) plays a pivotal role in determining the responsiveness of cells to stress. However, how the apoplast proteome changes under oxidative condition is largely unknown. In this study, we initiated a comparative proteomic analysis to explore @entity274 -responsive proteins in the apoplast of @entity579 seedling roots. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: 14-day-old @entity579 seedlings were treated with low concentrations (300 and 600   M) of @entity274 for 6 h and the levels of relative electrolyte leakage, @entity1234 and @entity274 were assayed in roots. The modified vacuum infiltration method was used to extract apoplast proteins of @entity579 seedling roots, and then two-dimensional electrophoresis gel analysis revealed 58 differentially expressed protein spots under low @entity274 conditions. Of these, 54 were successfully identified by PMF or @entity15 / @entity15 as matches to 35 different proteins including known and novel @entity274 -responsive proteins. Almost all of these identities (98%) were indeed apoplast proteins confirmed either by previous experiments or through publicly available prediction programs. These proteins identified are involved in a variety of processes, including redox homeostasis, cell wall modification, signal transduction, cell defense and @entity1735 metabolism, indicating a complex regulative network in the apoplast of seedling roots under @entity274 stress. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The present study is the first apoplast proteome investigation of plant seedlings in response to @entity274 and may be of paramount importance for the understanding of the plant network to environmental stresses. Based on the abundant changes in these proteins, together with their putative functions, we proposed a possible protein network that provides new insights into oxidative stress response in the @entity579 root apoplast and clues for the further functional research of target proteins associated with @entity274 response.

title: Comparative proteomics analysis of the root apoplasts of XXXX seedlings in response to @entity273 .

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Nowadays, microsurgical discectomy is being performed as an outpatient procedure. A retrospective chart review was done to document factors that delayed discharge or led to unanticipated admission. METHODS: After Institutional Review Board approval, the hospital medical records of 106 @entity1 who underwent microsurgical discectomy on an ambulatory basis were reviewed. All @entity1 were operated upon by a single surgeon at the Toronto Western Hospital. Perioperative data were collected on specifically designed data sheets. All anesthetic and surgical factors that affected discharge were noted. RESULTS: Of the 106 @entity1 reviewed, only six required unanticipated admission. Two @entity1 were admitted due to @entity390 and @entity391 , one due to severe @entity158 , one due to urinary retention and two were surgical causes (dural tear). Eight @entity1 had delayed discharge. Anesthesia causes were severe @entity390 , severe @entity158 , low @entity26 saturation, sore throat and @entity936 . Two @entity1 had surgical causes. The incidence of @entity1209 was 9.4%. Eighty @entity1 (75.4%) complained of @entity158 in the postanesthesia care unit. Of these, 33.9% had @entity227 scale scores more than 6. CONCLUSION: Ambulatory lumbar microdiscectomy can be carried out as an ambulatory procedure with an acceptably low unanticipated admission rate (5.7%). The percentage of @entity1 with severe @entity390 (16%) and @entity158 (33.9%) is high. Adequate perioperative @entity158 management and effective control of @entity390 and @entity391 may further improve the @entity1 ' experience after anesthesia for ambulatory microdiscectomy.

title: @entity158 , @entity390 , XXXX and ocular complications delay discharge following ambulatory microdiscectomy.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual analogue pain']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1209 :: ('MESH:D020250', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative nausea was 61% and postoperative vomiting']

answer: @entity391 :: (MESH:D014839,Disease) :: ['vomiting']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Nowadays, microsurgical discectomy is being performed as an outpatient procedure. A retrospective chart review was done to document factors that delayed discharge or led to unanticipated admission. METHODS: After Institutional Review Board approval, the hospital medical records of 106 @entity1 who underwent microsurgical discectomy on an ambulatory basis were reviewed. All @entity1 were operated upon by a single surgeon at the Toronto Western Hospital. Perioperative data were collected on specifically designed data sheets. All anesthetic and surgical factors that affected discharge were noted. RESULTS: Of the 106 @entity1 reviewed, only six required unanticipated admission. Two @entity1 were admitted due to @entity390 and @entity391 , one due to severe @entity158 , one due to urinary retention and two were surgical causes (dural tear). Eight @entity1 had delayed discharge. Anesthesia causes were severe @entity390 , severe @entity158 , low @entity26 saturation, sore throat and @entity936 . Two @entity1 had surgical causes. The incidence of @entity1209 was 9.4%. Eighty @entity1 (75.4%) complained of @entity158 in the postanesthesia care unit. Of these, 33.9% had @entity227 scale scores more than 6. CONCLUSION: Ambulatory lumbar microdiscectomy can be carried out as an ambulatory procedure with an acceptably low unanticipated admission rate (5.7%). The percentage of @entity1 with severe @entity390 (16%) and @entity158 (33.9%) is high. Adequate perioperative @entity158 management and effective control of @entity390 and @entity391 may further improve the @entity1 ' experience after anesthesia for ambulatory microdiscectomy.

title: @entity158 , XXXX , @entity391 and ocular complications delay discharge following ambulatory microdiscectomy.

answer: @entity390 :: (MESH:D009325,Disease) :: ['nausea']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Nowadays, microsurgical discectomy is being performed as an outpatient procedure. A retrospective chart review was done to document factors that delayed discharge or led to unanticipated admission. METHODS: After Institutional Review Board approval, the hospital medical records of 106 @entity1 who underwent microsurgical discectomy on an ambulatory basis were reviewed. All @entity1 were operated upon by a single surgeon at the Toronto Western Hospital. Perioperative data were collected on specifically designed data sheets. All anesthetic and surgical factors that affected discharge were noted. RESULTS: Of the 106 @entity1 reviewed, only six required unanticipated admission. Two @entity1 were admitted due to @entity390 and @entity391 , one due to severe @entity158 , one due to urinary retention and two were surgical causes (dural tear). Eight @entity1 had delayed discharge. Anesthesia causes were severe @entity390 , severe @entity158 , low @entity26 saturation, sore throat and @entity936 . Two @entity1 had surgical causes. The incidence of @entity1209 was 9.4%. Eighty @entity1 (75.4%) complained of @entity158 in the postanesthesia care unit. Of these, 33.9% had @entity227 scale scores more than 6. CONCLUSION: Ambulatory lumbar microdiscectomy can be carried out as an ambulatory procedure with an acceptably low unanticipated admission rate (5.7%). The percentage of @entity1 with severe @entity390 (16%) and @entity158 (33.9%) is high. Adequate perioperative @entity158 management and effective control of @entity390 and @entity391 may further improve the @entity1 ' experience after anesthesia for ambulatory microdiscectomy.

title: XXXX , @entity390 , @entity391 and ocular complications delay discharge following ambulatory microdiscectomy.

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of sensory sparing in motor complete @entity1 with @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) on completion of rehabilitation on neurologic, functional, and social outcomes reported at 1 year. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of longitudinal data collected by using prospective survey-based methods. SETTING: Data submitted to the National @entity1566 Statistical Center Database. @entity1 : Of @entity1 (N=4106) enrolled in the model system with a motor complete injury (American @entity3510 Association Impairment Scale [AIS] grade A or B) at the time of discharge between 1997 and 2007, a total of 2331 (56.8%) completed a 1-year follow-up interview (Form II) and 1284 (31.3%) had complete data for neurologic (eg, AIS grade, injury level) variables at 1 year. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: AIS grade (A vs B) at 1 year, bladder management, hospitalizations, perceived health status, motor FIM items, Satisfaction With Life Scale, @entity308 , and social participation. RESULTS: Compared with @entity1 with AIS grade A at discharge, @entity1 with AIS grade B were less likely to require indwelling catheterization and be hospitalized and more likely to perceive better health, report greater functional independence (ie, self-care, sphincter control, mobility, locomotion), and report social participation in the first year postinjury. A greater portion of individuals with AIS grade B at discharge had improved neurologic recovery at 1 year postinjury than those with AIS grade A. Significant AIS group differences in 1-year outcomes related to physical health were maintained after excluding @entity1 who improved to motor incomplete status for only bladder management and change in perceived health status. This recognition of differences between @entity1 with motor complete injuries (AIS grade A vs B) has important ramifications for the field of @entity1566 rehabilitation and research.

title: The impact of sacral sensory sparing in motor complete XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: Adult @entity95 retina can express regeneration-associated characteristics after @entity18489 , provided it is supplied with appropriate diffusible substances originating from media conditioned by regenerating fish optic nerves or by optic nerves of a newborn @entity95 [Hadani et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 81 (1984) 7965; Schwartz et al., Science, 228 (1985) 600]. This was shown by applying the active substances to the injured axons in the form of 'wrap-around' implants, consisting of collagen-coated @entity1346 tubes which had been soaked in the @entity558 ( @entity558 ). The regeneration-associated response was manifested biochemically and by sprouting of nerve fibers in culture. The present work provides morphological evidence that the implantation prolongs survival of ganglion cells and optic nerve fibers and induces @entity851 . Light microscopic analysis (using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for labeling the fibers) revealed, 1 week following @entity18489 , labeled fibers and ganglion cells in both the implanted and control (injured only or injured and implanted with collagen-coated @entity1346 tubes free of @entity558 ) nerves. However, from the second week after the injury, distinct differences in the appearance of viable ganglion cells and labeled fibers, were seen between experimental and control preparations. In sections taken through the optic nerve, at the region distal to the site of injury, HRP-labeled fibers were seen in the experimental nerves 1 week, 2 weeks and to a significantly lesser extent 1 month after injury.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Morphological response of injured adult XXXX optic nerve to implants containing media conditioned by growing optic nerves.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['CM', 'conditioned media']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['new growth']

entities_list: @entity18489 :: ('MESH:D020221', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: @entity526 was the most commonly isolated pathogen in the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study 2007-2009 (3789 isolates). Susceptibility to @entity7048 (34.1%), @entity799 (73.8%), @entity2177 (78.4%), and @entity800 (78.8%) was lowest. Susceptibility was above 90% for meropenem (100%), @entity9001 (99.9%), @entity3400 - @entity7120 (97.6%), @entity6616 (96.9%), @entity5505 (95.6%), @entity115 - @entity798 (94.9%), @entity2756 (94.1%), @entity3398 (92.3%), and @entity801 (90.8%). Over the study period, there was a significant reduction in susceptibility to @entity115 - @entity798 and @entity799 for urinary tract isolates. Inpatient status was associated with greater resistance to nearly all antimicrobials including greater multidrug resistance (MDR). Increasing age was associated with resistance to @entity2887 , @entity2756 , @entity3400 - @entity7120 , and MDR. Female gender was associated with susceptibility to @entity2887 and @entity6616 . In conclusion, greater antimicrobial resistance and MDR in @entity526 were observed in inpatients, males, and with increasing age. The deterioration of susceptibility to @entity799 continues with the greatest reduction in urinary isolates. Significant regional differences in resistance rates were apparent.

title: Analysis of 3789 in- and outpatient XXXX isolates from across Canada--results of the CANWARD 2007-2009 study.

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['cefazolin']

entities_list: @entity6616 :: ('MESH:D009582', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrofurantoin']

entities_list: @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime']

entities_list: @entity799 :: ('MESH:D015662', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity7120 :: ('MESH:C043265', 'Chemical') :: ['tazobactam']

entities_list: @entity798 :: ('MESH:D019818', 'Chemical') :: ['clavulanate']

entities_list: @entity2887 :: ('MESH:D024841', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoroquinolones']

entities_list: @entity3398 :: ('MESH:D002440', 'Chemical') :: ['cefoxitin']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['piperacillin']

entities_list: @entity800 :: ('MESH:D015242', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity9001 :: ('MESH:C119092', 'Chemical') :: ['tigecycline']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: Prolonged stress has been associated with altered synaptic plasticity but little is known about the molecular components and mechanisms involved in the stress response. In this study, we examined the effect of @entity102 ( @entity102 ) on the expression of genes associated with synaptic vesicle exocytosis in @entity35 prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. @entity35 were stressed daily using a 21day restraint stress paradigm, with durations of half an hour or 6h. RNA and protein were extracted from the same tissue sample and used for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR) and immunoblotting, respectively. Focusing on the SNARE complex, we investigated the expression of the SNARE core components @entity22972 , @entity21111 , and @entity59350 at both transcriptional and protein levels. In addition, the expression of 10 SNARE regulatory proteins was investigated at the transcriptional level. Overall, the prefrontal cortex was more sensitive to @entity102 compared to the hippocampus. In prefrontal cortex, @entity102 induced increased mRNA levels of @entity59350 , @entity44771 , @entity22972 , @entity72570 , synaptotagmins I and III, and @entity72571 , whereas @entity21111 was down-regulated after @entity102 . Immunoblotting demonstrated equivalent changes in protein levels of @entity59350 , @entity22972 , and @entity21111 . In hippocampus, we found increased mRNA levels of @entity59350 and @entity72572 and a decrease in @entity44771 levels. Immunoblotting revealed decreased @entity59350 protein levels despite increased mRNA levels. Changes in the expression of synaptic proteins may accompany or contribute to the morphological, functional, and behavioral changes observed in experimental models of stress and may have relevance to the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders.

title: Differential expression of synaptic proteins after XXXX in @entity35 prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic restraint stress', 'CRS']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic restraint stress']


abstract: Prolonged stress has been associated with altered synaptic plasticity but little is known about the molecular components and mechanisms involved in the stress response. In this study, we examined the effect of @entity102 ( @entity102 ) on the expression of genes associated with synaptic vesicle exocytosis in @entity35 prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. @entity35 were stressed daily using a 21day restraint stress paradigm, with durations of half an hour or 6h. RNA and protein were extracted from the same tissue sample and used for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR) and immunoblotting, respectively. Focusing on the SNARE complex, we investigated the expression of the SNARE core components @entity22972 , @entity21111 , and @entity59350 at both transcriptional and protein levels. In addition, the expression of 10 SNARE regulatory proteins was investigated at the transcriptional level. Overall, the prefrontal cortex was more sensitive to @entity102 compared to the hippocampus. In prefrontal cortex, @entity102 induced increased mRNA levels of @entity59350 , @entity44771 , @entity22972 , @entity72570 , synaptotagmins I and III, and @entity72571 , whereas @entity21111 was down-regulated after @entity102 . Immunoblotting demonstrated equivalent changes in protein levels of @entity59350 , @entity22972 , and @entity21111 . In hippocampus, we found increased mRNA levels of @entity59350 and @entity72572 and a decrease in @entity44771 levels. Immunoblotting revealed decreased @entity59350 protein levels despite increased mRNA levels. Changes in the expression of synaptic proteins may accompany or contribute to the morphological, functional, and behavioral changes observed in experimental models of stress and may have relevance to the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders.

title: Differential expression of synaptic proteins after @entity102 in XXXX prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity72573 is a new antiarrhythmic drug with a dominant local anaesthetic action and an additional beta-sympathicolytic activity. In this study, the results of long-term treatment (8 months on average) obtained from 27 @entity1 with chronic @entity943 are reported. Before @entity72573 , all @entity1 were treated unsuccessfully with @entity6237 , @entity2779 , @entity2778 , combined @entity2778 / @entity6237 and @entity2778 / @entity2779 , and another two to six antiarrhythmic agents. Following @entity72573 (300-600 mg/24 h), a substantial reduction in arrhythmic activity (greater than or equal to 80%; Lown classification less than or equal to II) was achieved in 21 cases. In 12 @entity1 , side effects ( @entity1295 , @entity10 , @entity227 , dizziness and heartburn) were apparent. @entity72573 had to be discontinued in five @entity1 , because of these side effects. At dosages greater than or equal to 450 mg/24 h, the PQ interval was significantly lengthened, and QRS duration prolonged. In one @entity1 , an @entity713 III degree developed. In another case, SGOT and SGPT increased significantly; this increase was reversed after the drug was discontinued. Despite these side effects, further clinical evaluation of the compound seems promising, as the antiarrhythmic potency of @entity72573 is very strong and superior to that of @entity2779 with respect to the required doses.

title: [Treatment of chronic XXXX with the new class Ic anti- @entity943 agent diprafenon--results of long-term therapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['blurred vision']

entities_list: @entity72573 :: ('MESH:C047546', 'Chemical') :: ['diprafenone', 'Diprafenone']

entities_list: @entity6237 :: ('MESH:D005424', 'Chemical') :: ['flecainide']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity2779 :: ('MESH:D011405', 'Chemical') :: ['propafenone']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: @entity72573 is a new antiarrhythmic drug with a dominant local anaesthetic action and an additional beta-sympathicolytic activity. In this study, the results of long-term treatment (8 months on average) obtained from 27 @entity1 with chronic @entity943 are reported. Before @entity72573 , all @entity1 were treated unsuccessfully with @entity6237 , @entity2779 , @entity2778 , combined @entity2778 / @entity6237 and @entity2778 / @entity2779 , and another two to six antiarrhythmic agents. Following @entity72573 (300-600 mg/24 h), a substantial reduction in arrhythmic activity (greater than or equal to 80%; Lown classification less than or equal to II) was achieved in 21 cases. In 12 @entity1 , side effects ( @entity1295 , @entity10 , @entity227 , dizziness and heartburn) were apparent. @entity72573 had to be discontinued in five @entity1 , because of these side effects. At dosages greater than or equal to 450 mg/24 h, the PQ interval was significantly lengthened, and QRS duration prolonged. In one @entity1 , an @entity713 III degree developed. In another case, SGOT and SGPT increased significantly; this increase was reversed after the drug was discontinued. Despite these side effects, further clinical evaluation of the compound seems promising, as the antiarrhythmic potency of @entity72573 is very strong and superior to that of @entity2779 with respect to the required doses.

title: [Treatment of chronic @entity943 with the new class Ic anti- XXXX agent diprafenon--results of long-term therapy].

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmia']


abstract: Most @entity308 @entity1 are seen and treated exclusively by primary care clinicians. However, primary care @entity1 with @entity308 are often not adequately treated. The aims of this pilot study were to measure the impact of a @entity66 program on @entity1 outcome and clinician adherence to practice guidelines, measure the relationship of clinician adherence to @entity1 outcome, and explore the measurement of @entity1 adherence to clinician recommendations and its impact on @entity1 outcomes. Thirty-five primary care practices in the University of Pennsylvania Health System were randomized to @entity66 ( @entity66 ) or "usual care" (UC). All @entity1 received a baseline and a 16-week follow-up clinical evaluation performed over the telephone. Those from @entity66 practices also received follow-up contact at least every 3 weeks, with formal evaluations at weeks 6 and 12. These interval contacts were designed to facilitate @entity1 and clinician adherence to a treatment algorithm based on the Agency for Health Research and Quality (AHRQ) practice guidelines. @entity308 symptoms evaluated with the Community Epidemiologic Survey of @entity308 (CES-D) scale as well as guideline adherence were the primary outcome measures. Sixty-one @entity1 were enrolled in this pilot project. The overall effect for CES-D scores over time was significant, (P <.001), indicating that those participating in the trial (both @entity66 and UC groups) showed significant improvement. The interaction between intervention condition and time was also significant (P <.05), indicating that @entity66 @entity1 improved significantly more over time than did UC @entity1 . A greater proportion of @entity66 @entity1 had CES-D scores <16 by Week 16 (66.7 versus 33.3%; chi(2), P <.05). The improvement in @entity308 outcome for the @entity66 group was related to its impact on improving clinician adherence to @entity308 treatment algorithms. The @entity66 pilot did not show a statistically significant effect on improving @entity1 adherence to clinician recommendations, however. This preliminary data suggests that @entity66 for @entity308 improves both clinician guideline adherence and @entity1 outcomes in the acute phase of @entity308 . The effect on @entity1 outcome is at least partially explained by the effect of @entity66 on clinician adherence to @entity308 treatment algorithms.

title: The pilot study of a @entity66 program for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depressive', 'Depression', 'depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['TDM', 'telephone disease management']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: Most @entity308 @entity1 are seen and treated exclusively by primary care clinicians. However, primary care @entity1 with @entity308 are often not adequately treated. The aims of this pilot study were to measure the impact of a @entity66 program on @entity1 outcome and clinician adherence to practice guidelines, measure the relationship of clinician adherence to @entity1 outcome, and explore the measurement of @entity1 adherence to clinician recommendations and its impact on @entity1 outcomes. Thirty-five primary care practices in the University of Pennsylvania Health System were randomized to @entity66 ( @entity66 ) or "usual care" (UC). All @entity1 received a baseline and a 16-week follow-up clinical evaluation performed over the telephone. Those from @entity66 practices also received follow-up contact at least every 3 weeks, with formal evaluations at weeks 6 and 12. These interval contacts were designed to facilitate @entity1 and clinician adherence to a treatment algorithm based on the Agency for Health Research and Quality (AHRQ) practice guidelines. @entity308 symptoms evaluated with the Community Epidemiologic Survey of @entity308 (CES-D) scale as well as guideline adherence were the primary outcome measures. Sixty-one @entity1 were enrolled in this pilot project. The overall effect for CES-D scores over time was significant, (P <.001), indicating that those participating in the trial (both @entity66 and UC groups) showed significant improvement. The interaction between intervention condition and time was also significant (P <.05), indicating that @entity66 @entity1 improved significantly more over time than did UC @entity1 . A greater proportion of @entity66 @entity1 had CES-D scores <16 by Week 16 (66.7 versus 33.3%; chi(2), P <.05). The improvement in @entity308 outcome for the @entity66 group was related to its impact on improving clinician adherence to @entity308 treatment algorithms. The @entity66 pilot did not show a statistically significant effect on improving @entity1 adherence to clinician recommendations, however. This preliminary data suggests that @entity66 for @entity308 improves both clinician guideline adherence and @entity1 outcomes in the acute phase of @entity308 . The effect on @entity1 outcome is at least partially explained by the effect of @entity66 on clinician adherence to @entity308 treatment algorithms.

title: The pilot study of a XXXX program for @entity308 .

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['telephone disease management']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose We investigated whether active video gaming (AVG) could bring about regular, enjoyable, physical exercise in @entity1 treated for @entity1313 , what level of physical activity could be reached and if the @entity1 's physical functioning improved. Methods Thirteen @entity1 , aged 7-17 years, were randomised to either AVG or waiting-list. After 10-12 weeks they crossed-over. Weekly Internet @entity15285 sessions were used to sustain motivation and evaluate enjoyment. Energy expenditure (EE) levels were measured as Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET), using a multisensory activity monitor. Single-blinded assessments of physical functioning were done, using the Bruininks-Osteretsky Test of Motor Performance, second edition, evaluating @entity1 before and after the intervention period, as well as comparing the randomisation groups after the first period. Results All @entity1 completed the study. AVG sessions (mean duration 47   minutes) were performed on 72% of all days. Mean EE level during AVG sessions was 3.0 MET, corresponding to moderate physical activity. The Body Coordination score improved by 15% (p   =   0.021) over the intervention period. Conclusions In this group of childhood @entity1313 survivors, home-based AVG, supported by a coach, was a feasible, enjoyable and moderately intense form of exercise that improved Body Coordination. Implications for Rehabilitation Childhood @entity1313 survivors frequently have @entity73 , inferior physical functioning and are less physically active compared to their healthy peers. Active video gaming (AVG), supported by Internet @entity15285 , is a feasible home-based intervention in @entity1 treated for @entity1313 , promoting enjoyable, regular physical exercise of moderate intensity. In this pilot study, AVG with Nintendo Wii improved Body Coordination.

title: Active video gaming improves body coordination in survivors of childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive problems']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumour', 'brain tumours']

answer: @entity1313 :: (MESH:D001932,Disease) :: ['brain tumours']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated the effect of metronomic @entity786 ( @entity15082 ) in combination with personalized peptide vaccination ( @entity2286 ) on regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and whether it could improve the antitumor effect of @entity2286 . Seventy @entity1 with metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive @entity2286 plus oral low-dose @entity15082 (50  mg/day), or @entity2286 alone. @entity2286 treatment used a maximum of four peptides chosen from 31 pooled peptides according to human leukocyte antigen types and antigen-specific humoral immune responses before @entity2286 , for 8 subcutaneous weekly injections. Peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and immunoglobulin G responses were measured before and after @entity2286 . The incidence of grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse events was higher in the @entity2286 plus @entity15082 arm than in the @entity2286 alone arm. Decrease in Treg and increase in MDSC were more pronounced in @entity2286 plus @entity15082 treatment than in @entity2286 alone (p  =  0.036 and p  =  0.048, respectively). There was no correlation between the changes in Treg or MDSC and CTL response. There was no difference in positive immune responses between the two arms, although overall survival in @entity1 with positive immune responses was longer than in those with negative immune responses (p  =  0.001). Significant differences in neither progression-free survival nor overall survival were observed between the two arms. Low-dose @entity15082 showed no change in the antitumor effect of @entity2286 , possibly due to the simultaneous decrease in Treg and increase in MDSC, in @entity1 under @entity2286 .

title: A randomized phase II clinical trial of personalized peptide vaccination with metronomic low-dose XXXX in @entity1 with metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

answer: @entity786 :: (MESH:D003520,Chemical) :: ['cyclophosphamide']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated the effect of metronomic @entity786 ( @entity15082 ) in combination with personalized peptide vaccination ( @entity2286 ) on regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and whether it could improve the antitumor effect of @entity2286 . Seventy @entity1 with metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive @entity2286 plus oral low-dose @entity15082 (50  mg/day), or @entity2286 alone. @entity2286 treatment used a maximum of four peptides chosen from 31 pooled peptides according to human leukocyte antigen types and antigen-specific humoral immune responses before @entity2286 , for 8 subcutaneous weekly injections. Peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and immunoglobulin G responses were measured before and after @entity2286 . The incidence of grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse events was higher in the @entity2286 plus @entity15082 arm than in the @entity2286 alone arm. Decrease in Treg and increase in MDSC were more pronounced in @entity2286 plus @entity15082 treatment than in @entity2286 alone (p  =  0.036 and p  =  0.048, respectively). There was no correlation between the changes in Treg or MDSC and CTL response. There was no difference in positive immune responses between the two arms, although overall survival in @entity1 with positive immune responses was longer than in those with negative immune responses (p  =  0.001). Significant differences in neither progression-free survival nor overall survival were observed between the two arms. Low-dose @entity15082 showed no change in the antitumor effect of @entity2286 , possibly due to the simultaneous decrease in Treg and increase in MDSC, in @entity1 under @entity2286 .

title: A randomized phase II clinical trial of personalized peptide vaccination with metronomic low-dose @entity786 in @entity1 with metastatic castration-resistant XXXX .

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated the effect of metronomic @entity786 ( @entity15082 ) in combination with personalized peptide vaccination ( @entity2286 ) on regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and whether it could improve the antitumor effect of @entity2286 . Seventy @entity1 with metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive @entity2286 plus oral low-dose @entity15082 (50  mg/day), or @entity2286 alone. @entity2286 treatment used a maximum of four peptides chosen from 31 pooled peptides according to human leukocyte antigen types and antigen-specific humoral immune responses before @entity2286 , for 8 subcutaneous weekly injections. Peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and immunoglobulin G responses were measured before and after @entity2286 . The incidence of grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse events was higher in the @entity2286 plus @entity15082 arm than in the @entity2286 alone arm. Decrease in Treg and increase in MDSC were more pronounced in @entity2286 plus @entity15082 treatment than in @entity2286 alone (p  =  0.036 and p  =  0.048, respectively). There was no correlation between the changes in Treg or MDSC and CTL response. There was no difference in positive immune responses between the two arms, although overall survival in @entity1 with positive immune responses was longer than in those with negative immune responses (p  =  0.001). Significant differences in neither progression-free survival nor overall survival were observed between the two arms. Low-dose @entity15082 showed no change in the antitumor effect of @entity2286 , possibly due to the simultaneous decrease in Treg and increase in MDSC, in @entity1 under @entity2286 .

title: A randomized phase II clinical trial of personalized peptide vaccination with metronomic low-dose @entity786 in XXXX with metastatic castration-resistant @entity263 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Surgical excision of @entity188 by amputation, resection or locally delimited excision has remained to be the optional curative approach to @entity189 of any position, severity, type and phase. Low-dose heparinisation, oral intestinal washing, and perioperative application of antibiotics have retained their established positions in the run-op to surgical action. The value of perioperative radiotherapy is still unelucidated. Chemotherapy has so far failed to produce a safe adjuvant effect. The age limit to curative intervention is continuously moved upwards. Resection is more often chosen than other approaches. Safely established knowledge is likely to suggest that the atumorous aboral safety zone may be reduced to 2 cm, provided that the perirectal lymphatic channels are severed at equal level. @entity254 in cases of @entity1347 can often be sutured only by staplers. There is a growing number of situations in which the approach can be taken without preceding colostomy. Transanal and transsphincteral access routes are available for locally delimited @entity5 excision. @entity86 has been continuously lowered and is now below five per cent. Reported in this paper are the authors' own results over the past decade.

title: [Surgical therapy of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['deeper anterior removal']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['Anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity188 :: ('MESH:D012004', 'Disease') :: ['rectum carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative lethality']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteins involved in the remodelling and homeostasis of the extracellular matrix. These proteases have been well studied in the retina and the brain, marking their importance in neuronal cell survival and death [Chintala (2006) Exp Eye Res 82:5-12; Candelario-Jalil et al. (2009) Neuroscience 158:983-994]. The neuroepithelia of the eye and the inner ear share common characteristics. Therefore, we hypothesized that MMPs could play a similar role in the cochlea as described in the retina. We focused on the localization and function of @entity11017 and @entity6929 in the cochlea, by determining their expression and activity under normal conditions and after cochlear damage via @entity4028 exposition. We examined their expression in 5-day-old @entity35 @entity35 cochleas by RT-PCR, real-time PCR, and Western blot. We used immunohistochemistry to investigate their location in the cochleas of adult C57BL/6 @entity19 . We also determined whether or not the exposure of the organs of Corti to @entity581 would change @entity11017 and @entity6929 expression patterns. Western blotting identified @entity11017 and @entity6929 in neonatal @entity4494 , stria vascularis, and to a lesser extent the organ of Corti. Neonatal mRNA expression of @entity11017 was approximately equivalent in all three tissues, while @entity6929 mRNA was highest in @entity4494 . Immunohistochemistry showed @entity11017 primarily in adult @entity4494 neurons and inner hair cells, while @entity6929 was found mainly in @entity4494 neurons, inner hair cells and supporting cells. Organs of Corti treated with @entity801 for 24 h showed an upregulation of @entity11017 and @entity6929 proteins, but did not show a significant upregulation of mRNA expression 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 h after @entity801 exposure. Inhibition of MMP activity in organs of Corti incubated with an MMP inhibitor in organotypic cultures resulted in hair cell death-suggesting that a basal level of MMP activity is required for hair cell survival.

title: XXXX in the cochlea: expression and activity after @entity4028 exposition.

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity4494 :: ('MESH:D045888', 'Disease') :: ['spiral ganglion']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity11017 :: (81686(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9']


abstract: The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteins involved in the remodelling and homeostasis of the extracellular matrix. These proteases have been well studied in the retina and the brain, marking their importance in neuronal cell survival and death [Chintala (2006) Exp Eye Res 82:5-12; Candelario-Jalil et al. (2009) Neuroscience 158:983-994]. The neuroepithelia of the eye and the inner ear share common characteristics. Therefore, we hypothesized that MMPs could play a similar role in the cochlea as described in the retina. We focused on the localization and function of @entity11017 and @entity6929 in the cochlea, by determining their expression and activity under normal conditions and after cochlear damage via @entity4028 exposition. We examined their expression in 5-day-old @entity35 @entity35 cochleas by RT-PCR, real-time PCR, and Western blot. We used immunohistochemistry to investigate their location in the cochleas of adult C57BL/6 @entity19 . We also determined whether or not the exposure of the organs of Corti to @entity581 would change @entity11017 and @entity6929 expression patterns. Western blotting identified @entity11017 and @entity6929 in neonatal @entity4494 , stria vascularis, and to a lesser extent the organ of Corti. Neonatal mRNA expression of @entity11017 was approximately equivalent in all three tissues, while @entity6929 mRNA was highest in @entity4494 . Immunohistochemistry showed @entity11017 primarily in adult @entity4494 neurons and inner hair cells, while @entity6929 was found mainly in @entity4494 neurons, inner hair cells and supporting cells. Organs of Corti treated with @entity801 for 24 h showed an upregulation of @entity11017 and @entity6929 proteins, but did not show a significant upregulation of mRNA expression 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 h after @entity801 exposure. Inhibition of MMP activity in organs of Corti incubated with an MMP inhibitor in organotypic cultures resulted in hair cell death-suggesting that a basal level of MMP activity is required for hair cell survival.

title: @entity11017 in the cochlea: expression and activity after XXXX exposition.

answer: @entity4028 :: (CHEBI:47779,Chemical) :: ['aminoglycoside']


abstract: In this study prophylactic antiarrhythmic effects of @entity1855 on exercise-induced @entity943 were evaluated in a total of 22 @entity1 . All @entity1 displayed frequent and/or complex @entity943 during repeated exercise tests under control conditions. After two control exercise tests, all @entity1 were treated with 120 mg @entity1855 given every 8 h orally for 4 days. On the 3rd and 4th day of treatment the exercise tests were repeated. The results were that @entity1855 caused a significant reduction in the incidence and severity of exercise-induced @entity943 in 13 out of 22 @entity1 . In @entity1 with concomitant significant ST-segment @entity308 , a prophylactic action could be demonstrated in nine out of ten cases. The antiarrhythmic effect was independent of changes in heart rate. In @entity1 with @entity296 , a reduction in myocardial @entity26 consumption and direct electrophysiological effects (suppression of the "slow response" and/or an increase in the resting potential of the " @entity308 fast response") can be discussed as mechanisms of action. Also, a suppression of "triggered activity" or a direct inhibition of adrenergic effects must be considered. According to our results and the literature, @entity460 antagonists ( @entity1855 type) proved to be suitable drugs for the treatment of exercise-induced @entity943 , particularly in @entity1 with concomitant @entity296 .

title: [Prevention of effort-induced XXXX using @entity1855 ].

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']


abstract: In this study prophylactic antiarrhythmic effects of @entity1855 on exercise-induced @entity943 were evaluated in a total of 22 @entity1 . All @entity1 displayed frequent and/or complex @entity943 during repeated exercise tests under control conditions. After two control exercise tests, all @entity1 were treated with 120 mg @entity1855 given every 8 h orally for 4 days. On the 3rd and 4th day of treatment the exercise tests were repeated. The results were that @entity1855 caused a significant reduction in the incidence and severity of exercise-induced @entity943 in 13 out of 22 @entity1 . In @entity1 with concomitant significant ST-segment @entity308 , a prophylactic action could be demonstrated in nine out of ten cases. The antiarrhythmic effect was independent of changes in heart rate. In @entity1 with @entity296 , a reduction in myocardial @entity26 consumption and direct electrophysiological effects (suppression of the "slow response" and/or an increase in the resting potential of the " @entity308 fast response") can be discussed as mechanisms of action. Also, a suppression of "triggered activity" or a direct inhibition of adrenergic effects must be considered. According to our results and the literature, @entity460 antagonists ( @entity1855 type) proved to be suitable drugs for the treatment of exercise-induced @entity943 , particularly in @entity1 with concomitant @entity296 .

title: [Prevention of effort-induced @entity943 using XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity1855 :: (MESH:D014700,Chemical) :: ['verapamil']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current study presents an economic, ecofriendly and simple photo-catalytic green route for the @entity514 biosynthesis of @entity575 nanoparticles (AgNPs) within 20s, devoid of any instrumental support or chemical reductant. Aqueous leaf-extract of an aquatic fern, Salvinia molesta (AES), was used as a bioreductant as well as a stabilizing agent. Rapid change in color of reaction mixture from yellowish green to reddish brown within 20s in direct sun light exposure was considered as the primary visual indication of AgNPs biosynthesis. The biosynthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy through the presence of a characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band for AgNPs at   max of 425nm. The process parameters were optimized through one factor at a time approach. Optimal values of different process parameters for the current biosynthetic system were found as; 35min of reaction time under sun light, 8.0mM @entity4673 concentration and 5.0% (v/v) AES inoculum dose. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that most of AgNPs were spherical in shape with average size distribution of 12.46nm having face centered cubic (fcc) crystal lattice. IR analysis of AES and synthesized AgNPs indicated the involvement of both @entity3787 and @entity1472 groups in the biosynthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were found to be an effective antibacterial agent against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. On the basis of results and facts, a probable mechanism has also been proposed to explore the possible route of biosynthesis of AgNPs through AES.

title: Photo-catalyzed and phyto-mediated rapid green synthesis of XXXX nanoparticles using herbal extract of Salvinia molesta and its antimicrobial efficacy.

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

answer: @entity575 :: (MESH:D012834,Chemical) :: ['silver']


abstract: PURPOSE: To provide guidance regarding follow-up procedures after initial treatment of early stage @entity4797 (clinical stages (CS) I-II A/B) based on current published evidence complemented by expert opinion. METHODS AND MATERIAL: An interdisciplinary, multinational working group consisting of urologists, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists analyzed the published evidence regarding follow-up procedures in various stages of seminomatous and nonseminomatous @entity5 . Focusing on radiooncological aspects, the recommendations contained herein are restricted to early stage @entity4797 (with radiotherapy being a standard treatment option). In particular, extent, frequency, and duration of imaging at follow-up were analyzed concerning relapse patterns, risk factors, and mode of relapse detection. RESULTS: Active surveillance, adjuvant @entity3003 or radiotherapy are equally accepted options for CS I @entity4797 but they result in different relapse rates and patterns. Usually relapses occur within the first 2(-6) years. Routinely performed follow-up using computerized tomography (CT) after adjuvant treatment yield only low detection rates of recurrences. Therefore, there is no evidence to maintain routine examinations every 3-4 months. After treatment of stage IIA/B, detection rates of relapses or progression identified solely by routinely performed CT during follow-up are low. CONCLUSION: Considering lifelong cure rates of up to 99% for @entity1 treated for @entity4797 CS I-IIA/B, the negative impact of unnecessary ionizing radiation exposure has to be considered. The presented recommendations for various follow-up scenarios for early stage @entity4797 strongly promote the restrictive use of imaging procedures that utilize ionizing radiation (especially CT), due to its potential to induce secondary @entity5 .

title: Interdisciplinary evidence-based recommendations for the follow-up of early stage seminomatous testicular germ cell XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['testicular cancers', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['testicular seminoma', 'seminoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To provide guidance regarding follow-up procedures after initial treatment of early stage @entity4797 (clinical stages (CS) I-II A/B) based on current published evidence complemented by expert opinion. METHODS AND MATERIAL: An interdisciplinary, multinational working group consisting of urologists, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists analyzed the published evidence regarding follow-up procedures in various stages of seminomatous and nonseminomatous @entity5 . Focusing on radiooncological aspects, the recommendations contained herein are restricted to early stage @entity4797 (with radiotherapy being a standard treatment option). In particular, extent, frequency, and duration of imaging at follow-up were analyzed concerning relapse patterns, risk factors, and mode of relapse detection. RESULTS: Active surveillance, adjuvant @entity3003 or radiotherapy are equally accepted options for CS I @entity4797 but they result in different relapse rates and patterns. Usually relapses occur within the first 2(-6) years. Routinely performed follow-up using computerized tomography (CT) after adjuvant treatment yield only low detection rates of recurrences. Therefore, there is no evidence to maintain routine examinations every 3-4 months. After treatment of stage IIA/B, detection rates of relapses or progression identified solely by routinely performed CT during follow-up are low. CONCLUSION: Considering lifelong cure rates of up to 99% for @entity1 treated for @entity4797 CS I-IIA/B, the negative impact of unnecessary ionizing radiation exposure has to be considered. The presented recommendations for various follow-up scenarios for early stage @entity4797 strongly promote the restrictive use of imaging procedures that utilize ionizing radiation (especially CT), due to its potential to induce secondary @entity5 .

title: Interdisciplinary evidence-based recommendations for the follow-up of early stage seminomatous testicular germ cell @entity5 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Perioperative @entity4008 after trans-sphenoidal surgery for pituitary and @entity75 is an uncommon but serious complication. Little evidence guides the choice of chemoprophylaxis in this setting. To begin to address this deficiency, we investigated the incidence of perioperative @entity693 in 442 @entity1 who underwent trans-sphenoidal surgery and received a short chemoprophylaxis regimen with a single agent and did not require lumbar drainage. In 2005 we instituted a standardized antibiotic prophylaxis protocol for trans-sphenoidal surgery that utilized intravenous @entity2261 , a second-generation @entity5898 with broad coverage and excellent spinal fluid penetration, administered 30 min before surgery and 8 h later. The primary endpoint was the incidence of perioperative (within 30 days of surgery) @entity4008 . Data from The Barrow Pituitary Outcomes Project, a prospectively maintained @entity1 research database, were supplemented with review of medical records and hospital discharge codes. There were no cases of perioperative @entity693 . Three @entity1 developed delayed @entity693 associated with persistent or recurrent spinal fluid leakage 2-8 months after surgery. Perioperatively, seven @entity1 received additional antibiotics for @entity293 . A single-agent, short-duration chemoprophylaxis regimen for trans-sphenoidal surgery is effective at preventing perioperative @entity693 in @entity1 who do not require lumbar drainage after surgery. The results of this regimen compare favorably to historical rates achieved with longer regimens that use two antibiotics. Future studies will investigate the role prophylactic antibiotics play in nasal mucosa healing and @entity1244 .

title: Short-duration, single-agent antibiotic prophylaxis for XXXX in trans-sphenoidal surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2261 :: ('MESH:D002444', 'Chemical') :: ['cefuroxime']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['parasellar lesions']

entities_list: @entity5898 :: ('CHEBI:23066', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

answer: @entity693 :: (MESH:D008581,Disease) :: ['meningitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the early clinical outcome of reconstruction with modular hemipelvic prostheses after @entity530 resection. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed eight @entity1 between 2004 and 2007 who had periacetabular resections and reconstruction with a modular hemipelvic prosthetic system for @entity530 with a mean follow-up of 27 (range,10~54) months. Oncology outcome was assessed with survival rate, local recurrence rate, International Society of Limb Salvage (ISOLS) score and complications. Two @entity1 had types I and II (periacetabular and ilium) pelvic resections, three had types II and III (periacetabular and pubis) pelvic resections and three had type I , II and III (ilium, periacetabular and pubis) pelvic resections. Nobody received chemotherapy or radiotherapy. RESULTS: Five @entity1 were free of disease; three @entity1 died of disease. The overall survival rate was 62.5%. None had local recurrence, and 37.5% had @entity3 . The mean ISOLS score was 19.5. No one had deep @entity281 or dislocation. CONCLUSIONS: Reconstruction with a modular hemipelvic prosthetic system after periacetabular resection is a promising method because of the acceptable complication rate and satisfactory functional outcome.

title: Outcome after XXXX resection and reconstruction with a modular hemipelvic prostheses.

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity530 :: (MESH:D010386,Disease) :: ['pelvic sarcoma']


abstract: @entity292 are rare. One aetiological cause is @entity253 with secondary suppuration and subsequent hepatic and @entity3117 . Only a few cases of @entity292 in @entity1 with chronic @entity788 have been reported and we record another case. A 47-year-old white male, with chronic alcohol-induced @entity788 who had earlier undergone several laparotomies related to this disease, was admitted with a @entity99 . Drainage was not successful. The @entity1 developed bilioptysis and a bronchobiliary fistula was diagnosed. The fistulous tract was demonstrated using PTC as well as bronchography. Laparotomy was performed and the fistulous tract was excised. The hepaticoduodenal ligament was completely obstructed by the inflamed pancreatic gland. An earlier but now obstructed cholecystojejunostomy was revised. This case was complicated by episodes of severe @entity360 probably caused by @entity715 of the portal vein and local varices around the gallbladder and common duct.

title: @entity292 in chronic XXXX . Case report.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity3117 :: ('MESH:D013369', 'Disease') :: ['subphrenic abscesses']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchobiliary fistulas', 'bronchobiliary fistulas']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary obstruction']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic abscess']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: @entity292 are rare. One aetiological cause is @entity253 with secondary suppuration and subsequent hepatic and @entity3117 . Only a few cases of @entity292 in @entity1 with chronic @entity788 have been reported and we record another case. A 47-year-old white male, with chronic alcohol-induced @entity788 who had earlier undergone several laparotomies related to this disease, was admitted with a @entity99 . Drainage was not successful. The @entity1 developed bilioptysis and a bronchobiliary fistula was diagnosed. The fistulous tract was demonstrated using PTC as well as bronchography. Laparotomy was performed and the fistulous tract was excised. The hepaticoduodenal ligament was completely obstructed by the inflamed pancreatic gland. An earlier but now obstructed cholecystojejunostomy was revised. This case was complicated by episodes of severe @entity360 probably caused by @entity715 of the portal vein and local varices around the gallbladder and common duct.

title: XXXX in chronic @entity788 . Case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['Bronchobiliary fistula']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to compare different fetal growth curves in twin pregnancies with severe @entity2431 . A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 47 twin pregnancies with absent or reverse end diastolic flow in the umbilical artery of one fetus was performed. Pregnancies with major fetal abnormalities, twin-twin transfusion or three or more fetuses were not included. The estimated fetal weight zeta-scores were calculated for both fetuses (abnormal Doppler and co-twin) according to the following criteria: Hadlock, Liao and @entity72574  jo. The abdominal circumference zeta-scores were calculated according to Hadlock, Liao, @entity72574  jo, Ong and Stirrup. The mean estimates of the zeta-score values were calculated using generalized estimating equation regression analysis. The mean gestational age at inclusion was 27.4  4.7 weeks. The fetal sex and the interaction Doppler findings * criteria correlated significantly with the zeta-score values (p <0.001 for both variables). The estimated fetal weight mean zeta-scores (standard error) according to each criteria were as follows: Hadlock - abnormal Doppler: -2.98 (0.18), co-twin: -1.16 (0.15); Liao - abnormal Doppler: -2.89 (0.24), co-twin: -0.58 (0.19); and @entity72574  jo - abnormal Doppler: -3.05 (0.29), co-twin: -0.75 (0.18). Values for abdominal circumference were as follows: Hadlock - abnormal Doppler: -3.14 (0.26), co-twin: -1.13 (0.19); Liao - abnormal Doppler: -2.63 (0.27), co-twin: -0.42 (0.19); @entity72574  jo - abnormal Doppler: -2.44 (0.22), co-twin: -0.71 (0.14); Ong - abnormal Doppler: -3.36 (0.34), co-twin: -1.48 (0.23); and Stirrup AD -- -2.36 (0.14), co-twin: -1.18 (0.10). Sex- and plurality-specific charts should be used in the evaluation of fetal growth in twin pregnancies with @entity2431 .

title: Fetal growth according to different reference ranges in twin pregnancies with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2431 :: ('MESH:D010927', 'Disease') :: ['placental insufficiency']

answer: @entity2431 :: (MESH:D010927,Disease) :: ['placental insufficiency']


abstract: A @entity1653 occurred in the right parietal parasagittal region of a 43-year-old @entity1 . A total excision was carried out. Three years and 9 months later, one parasagittal and two @entity5 in close proximity recurred and were excised. The @entity5 showed the features of an anaplastic transitional @entity1653 with increased mitoses. The @entity1653 recurred locally and repeatedly, despite radiation therapy and chemoimmunotherapy. She died 7 years and 8 months after the onset. At autopsy, the @entity5 was found to have metastasized via the cerebrospinal fluid to the spinal cord and pituitary stalk. Extracranial metastases were not evident. At the fourth craniotomy, @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) was administered intravenously to label @entity5 cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. The @entity1603 -labeled cells accounted for 9.0%; they are usually less than 1% in @entity1653 . @entity1653 with a high labeling index recur rapidly, even after Simpson's grade 2 removal, and treatment for a @entity5 should be instituted.

title: Cell kinetics of the malignant evolution of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', 'bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['Meningothelial meningiomas', 'falx meningioma', 'benign meningiomas', 'meningotheliomatous meningioma', 'meningioma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant meningioma', 'falx tumors']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['meningothelial meningioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diffusion tensor imaging measures the proton diffusivity and preferential orientation of the diffusion tensor. @entity8019 is a @entity17 for which therapy depends on the onset and extension of @entity17 . We investigated the ability of diffusion tensor imaging to detect changes in the @entity17 and in the normal appearing white matter. METHODS: Diffusion tensor imaging of three related @entity1 with @entity8019 and seven age-matched control @entity1 was performed. Isotropic diffusion (D') and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were determined in 18 regions of interest in the white matter of both hemispheres. RESULTS: In all the demyelinated white matter areas, a pattern with increased D' and loss of FA was found. For example, mean D' was 1.772 x 10(-3)mm(2)/s in @entity1 2 with @entity62 and was 0.693 x 10(-3)mm(2)/s in control @entity1 (P =.01). In the same region, mean FA was 0.103 (0.464 in control @entity1 , P <.0001). Significant alterations of D' and FA were also observed in normal appearing white matter. For example, mean D' was 0.802 x 10(-3)mm(2)/s in the parietal white matter of @entity1 1 with no visible alterations on T2-weighted images (0.715 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s in control @entity1 , P =.03), whereas mean FA was 0.320 (0.400 in control @entity1 , P =.003). CONCLUSION: Elevated D' and loss of FA revealed by diffusion tensor imaging are consistent with severe @entity17 in @entity1 with @entity8019 . Significant alterations of D' and FA in normal appearing white matter may indicate @entity17 in areas that are not yet visibly altered on conventional MR images. Further evaluation in a larger series of @entity1 and long-term study are needed.

title: Diffusion tensor imaging in cases of @entity8019 : preliminary experience as a marker for XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['early demyelination', 'demyelinating disease', 'demyelination', 'demyelinated lesions']

entities_list: @entity8019 :: ('MESH:D000326', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['blindness and extensive demyelination of the occipital white matter']

answer: @entity17 :: (MESH:D003711,Disease) :: ['early demyelination']