abstract: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that our 60-gene DNA/RNA ThyroSeq v2 next-generation sequence (NGS) assay would identify additional genetic markers, including gene fusions in sporadic pediatric differentiated @entity259 (DTC) that had no known molecular alterations. Sporadic pediatric DTCs with informative molecular testing (n = 18) were studied. We previously tested 15 cases by our standard 7-gene ( @entity817 , @entity8497 , @entity8498 , @entity984 , @entity8958 / @entity2750 , @entity8958 / @entity23275 , @entity15529 / @entity6864 ) mutation panel. Three cases were not tested previously. The standard 7-gene panel identified molecular alterations in 9 of 15 @entity5 (60%). Cases analyzed by ThyroSeq v2 NGS included the six previously negative cases by the standard 7-gene panel and three cases not previously tested. The NGS assay revealed new gene fusions in four of six previously negative cases (67%). These gene fusions included @entity9604 / @entity13820 (n = 3) and @entity10722 / @entity2250 (n = 1). A point mutation ( @entity817 - @entity8554 ) was detected in one of three untested cases. While standard testing could identify only molecular alterations in 60% of cases, with the addition of the ThyroSeq v2 NGS, this increased to 87% (n = 13/15). Some cases with chromosomal rearrangements, including @entity9604 / @entity13820 , appear to be associated with an @entity146 histopathologic phenotype, but had no documented history of radiation exposure. Additional work is needed to investigate if pediatric DTCs could benefit from a reclassification based on molecular subtypes, which may better reflect their underlying biologic potential. Our data support the use of broad gene panels for the molecular diagnostics of pediatric thyroid nodules to aid future classification, treatment, and clinical management recommendations.

title: Molecular Characterization of Sporadic Pediatric XXXX with the DNA/RNA ThyroSeq v2 Next-Generation Sequencing Assay.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinomas']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Thyroid Carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUNDS: Radioactive tracer-based detection has been proposed as a standard procedure in identifying sentinel nodes for cN0 @entity1697 . However, access to radioactive isotopes may be limited in some surgical centers, and there is potential risk of the radioactive tracers to the operators. This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of near-infrared fluorescence imaging with @entity3194 combined with blue dye mapping in sentinel node biopsy for cN0 @entity1697 . METHODS: Twenty-six cases of previously untreated @entity1697 staged cT1-2N0M0 were enrolled in this study. One milliliter of @entity3194 (5 mg/ml) and 1.5 ml of @entity6693 (1 mg/ml) were injected sequentially around the primary @entity5 in a four-quadrant pattern before skin incision. After elevation of the platysma flap and posterior retraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, fluorescence images were taken with a near-infrared detector, with special attention paid to any blue-dyed lymph nodes. Lymph nodes identified first with fluorescent hot spots with or without blue dye were defined as sentinel nodes, and they were harvested and sent for pathologic study. RESULTS: Sentinel nodes were successfully harvested in all 26 cases. The number of sentinel nodes (SNs) per case varied from 1 to 9, with an average of 3.4. Routine pathology demonstrated occult @entity3 exclusively in SNs in four cases (15.4 %). No tracer-associated side effects occurred in this series. CONCLUSIONS: Near-infrared imaging using @entity3194 combined with @entity6693 mapping is a feasible and reliable new method for SN biopsy in cN0 @entity1697 .

title: Sentinel node biopsy using XXXX in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral/oropharyngeal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3194 :: ('MESH:D007208', 'Chemical') :: ['indocyanine green']

entities_list: @entity6693 :: ('MESH:D008751', 'Chemical') :: ['methylene blue']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3194 :: (MESH:D007208,Chemical) :: ['indocyanine green']


abstract: BACKGROUNDS: Radioactive tracer-based detection has been proposed as a standard procedure in identifying sentinel nodes for cN0 @entity1697 . However, access to radioactive isotopes may be limited in some surgical centers, and there is potential risk of the radioactive tracers to the operators. This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of near-infrared fluorescence imaging with @entity3194 combined with blue dye mapping in sentinel node biopsy for cN0 @entity1697 . METHODS: Twenty-six cases of previously untreated @entity1697 staged cT1-2N0M0 were enrolled in this study. One milliliter of @entity3194 (5 mg/ml) and 1.5 ml of @entity6693 (1 mg/ml) were injected sequentially around the primary @entity5 in a four-quadrant pattern before skin incision. After elevation of the platysma flap and posterior retraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, fluorescence images were taken with a near-infrared detector, with special attention paid to any blue-dyed lymph nodes. Lymph nodes identified first with fluorescent hot spots with or without blue dye were defined as sentinel nodes, and they were harvested and sent for pathologic study. RESULTS: Sentinel nodes were successfully harvested in all 26 cases. The number of sentinel nodes (SNs) per case varied from 1 to 9, with an average of 3.4. Routine pathology demonstrated occult @entity3 exclusively in SNs in four cases (15.4 %). No tracer-associated side effects occurred in this series. CONCLUSIONS: Near-infrared imaging using @entity3194 combined with @entity6693 mapping is a feasible and reliable new method for SN biopsy in cN0 @entity1697 .

title: Sentinel node biopsy using @entity3194 in XXXX .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['oral/oropharyngeal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT The treatment of an unruptured @entity438 (UIA) is not free of morbidity and mortality, and the decision is made by weighing the risks of treatment complications against the risk of @entity1756 . This meta-analysis quantitatively analyzed the literature on the effects of UIA treatment on cognition. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycInfo were systematically searched for studies that reported on the cognitive status of UIA @entity1 before and after @entity439 treatment. The search was restricted to prospective cohort and case-control studies published between January 1, 1998, and January 1, 2013. The analyses focused on the effect of treatment on general cognitive functioning, with an emphasis on 4 specific cognitive domains: executive functions, @entity227 . RESULTS Eight studies, with a total of 281 @entity1 , were included in the meta-analysis. Treatment did not affect general cognitive functioning (effect size [ES] -0.22 [95% CI -0.78 to 0.34]). Executive functions and verbal memory domains trended toward posttreatment impairment (ES -0.46 [95% CI -0.93 to 0.01] and ES -0.31 [95% CI -1.24 to 0.61]), and performance of visual memory tasks trended toward posttreatment improvement (ES 1.48 [95% CI -0.36 to 3.31]). Lastly, treatment did not significantly affect visuospatial functions (ES -0.08 [95% CI -0.30 to 0.45]). CONCLUSIONS The treatment of an UIA does not seem to affect long-term cognitive function. However, definitive conclusions were not possible due to the paucity of studies addressing this issue.

title: XXXX treatment effects on cognitive function: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['verbal and visual memory, and visuospatial functions']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm rupture']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['Unruptured intracranial aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: With >473,000 annual emergency department visits for @entity1 with traumatic @entity1545 in the United States, the risk of ionizing radiation exposure during CT examinations is a real concern. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of rapid MR imaging to replace CT in the follow-up imaging of @entity1 with @entity542 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 103 pediatric @entity1 who underwent initial head CT and subsequent follow-up rapid MR imaging between January 2010 and July 2013 was performed. @entity1 had minor @entity542 (Glasgow @entity772 Scale, >13) that required imaging. Initial head CT was performed, with follow-up rapid MR imaging completed within 48 hours. A board-certified neuroradiologist, blinded to @entity1 information and scan parameters, then independently interpreted the randomized cases. RESULTS: There was almost perfect agreement in the ability to detect extra-axial @entity548 on rapid MR imaging and CT (k = 0.84, P<.001). Evaluation of hemorrhagic @entity2981 /intraparenchymal @entity548 demonstrated a moderate level of agreement between MR imaging and CT (k = 0.61, P < .001). The ability of MR imaging to detect a skull @entity174 also showed a substantial level of agreement with CT (k = 0.71, P < .001). Detection of diffuse @entity21 demonstrated a slight level of agreement between MR imaging and CT (k = 0.154, P = .04). However, the overall predictive agreement for the detection of an @entity21 was 91%. CONCLUSIONS: Rapid MR imaging is a valid technique for detecting traumatic cranial injuries and an adequate examination for follow-up imaging in lieu of repeat CT.

title: Minimizing Radiation Exposure in Evaluation of Pediatric XXXX : Use of Rapid MR Imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injuries']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma', 'head injuries']

entities_list: @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['axonal injury']

entities_list: @entity2981 :: ('MESH:D003288', 'Disease') :: ['contusion']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['Head Trauma']


abstract: We attempted to clarify the surgical usefulness and limitation of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) by comparing with drip infusion cholangiography (DIC). ERC was carried out on 144 @entity1 with clinical symptoms of @entity253 . The success rate was 71.5 per cent. Indications for surgery were found in 83.9 per cent of the @entity1 with positive ERC findings and in 50.5 per cent of the @entity1 in whom ERC was successful. The false positive rate in ERC, as revealed during the surgery was 2.3 per cent. Failure of ERC occurred in 41 @entity1 . @entity177 was attributed to para-vaterian diverticulum in 11, post-gastrectomy states in 5, the @entity9317 covered by a polyp or a large fold in 2, and @entity292 in 1. The failure of cannulation in 22 could not be clearly defined. As ERC was successful in 3 out of 9 @entity1 in whom this approach was unsuccessful in the first trial, ERC should probably be repeated if such was indeed required pre-operatively. Diagnostic significance of DIC before ERC revealed that such plays a definite role in screening @entity1 .

title: Surgical evaluation of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Failure of cannulation']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['choledocho-duodenal fistula']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract diseases']

entities_list: @entity9317 :: ('MESH:D004382', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal papilla']

answer: @entity253 :: (MESH:D001660,Disease) :: ['biliary tract diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Repair of large @entity4037 is associated with high rates of surgical site occurrences (SSO), including @entity281 ( @entity281 ), site dehiscence, @entity2080 , @entity1410 , and site @entity39 . Two common operative strategies exist: @entity2483 ( @entity2483 ) with primary fascial closure and mesh reinforcement (PFC- @entity2483 ) and bridged repair (mesh spanning the @entity154 ). We hypothesized that: (1) @entity4037 repair (VHR) of large defects with bridged repair is associated with more SSOs than is PFC, and (2) anterior @entity2483 is associated with more SSOs than is endoscopic, perforator-sparing, or posterior @entity2483 . METHODS: Part I of this study was a review of a multi-center database of @entity1 who underwent VHR of a defect >= 8   cm from 2010-2011 with at least one month of follow-up. The primary outcome was SSO. The secondary outcome was recurrence. Part II of this study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing bridged repair with PFC and studies comparing different kinds of @entity2483 . RESULTS: A total of 108 @entity1 were followed for a median of 16   months (range 1-50   months), of whom 84 underwent PFC- @entity2483 and 24 had bridged repairs. Unadjusted results demonstrated no differences between the groups in SSO or recurrence; however, the study was underpowered for this purpose. On meta-analysis, PFC was associated with a lower risk of SSO (odds ratio [OR]   =   0.569; 95% confidence interval [CI]   =   0.34-0.94) and recurrence (OR   =   0.138; 95% CI   =   0.08-0.23) compared with bridged repair. On multiple-treatments meta-analysis, both endoscopic and perforator-sparing @entity2483 were most likely to be the treatments with the lowest risk of SSO and recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Bridged repair was associated with more SSOs than was PFC, and PFC should be used whenever feasible. Endoscopic and perforator-sparing @entity2483 were associated with the fewest complications; however, these conclusions are limited by heterogeneity between studies and poor methodological quality. These results should be used to guide future trials, which should compare the risks and benefits of each @entity2483 method to determine in which setting each technique will give the best results.

title: Component Separation vs. Bridged Repair for Large XXXX : A Multi-Institutional Risk-Adjusted Comparison, Systematic Review, and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['hernia defect']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['surgical site infection', 'SSI']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['CS', 'Component separation']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia defects', 'ventral hernia']

answer: @entity4037 :: (MESH:D006555,Disease) :: ['Ventral Hernias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative risk assessment in @entity5 surgery is of importance to improve treatment and outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of CT-assessed @entity6288 on short- and long-term outcomes in @entity1 undergoing surgical resection of @entity344 . METHODS: A systematic search of Embase, PubMed and Web of Science was performed to identify relevant studies published before 30 September 2014. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Screening for inclusion, checking the validity of included studies and data extraction were carried out independently by two investigators. RESULTS: After screening 692 records, 13 observational studies with a total of 2884 @entity1 were included in the analysis. There was wide variation in the reported prevalence of @entity6288 (17  0-79 per cent). @entity6288 was independently associated with reduced overall survival in seven of ten studies, irrespective of @entity5 site. Hazard ratios (HRs) of up to 3  19 ( @entity96 ), 1  63 ( @entity788 ), 1  85 ( @entity14 ) and 2  69 (colorectal liver metastases, @entity71265 ) were reported. For @entity5 , the HR was 0  31 for increasing muscle mass. In @entity1 with @entity14 and @entity71265 , @entity6288 was independently associated with postoperative mortality ( @entity14 : odds ratio (OR) 43  3), complications ( @entity14 : OR 0  96 for increasing muscle mass; @entity71265 ) and severe complications ( @entity71265 ). CONCLUSION: @entity6288 identified before surgery by single-slice CT is associated with @entity344 , and increased postoperative morbidity in @entity1 with @entity14 with or without hepatic metastases.

title: Systematic review of @entity6288 in @entity1 operated on for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oesophageal cancer', 'cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['impaired overall survival in gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies', 'gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies']

entities_list: @entity6288 :: ('MESH:D055948', 'Disease') :: ['Sarcopenia', 'sarcopenia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative risk assessment in @entity5 surgery is of importance to improve treatment and outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of CT-assessed @entity6288 on short- and long-term outcomes in @entity1 undergoing surgical resection of @entity344 . METHODS: A systematic search of Embase, PubMed and Web of Science was performed to identify relevant studies published before 30 September 2014. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Screening for inclusion, checking the validity of included studies and data extraction were carried out independently by two investigators. RESULTS: After screening 692 records, 13 observational studies with a total of 2884 @entity1 were included in the analysis. There was wide variation in the reported prevalence of @entity6288 (17  0-79 per cent). @entity6288 was independently associated with reduced overall survival in seven of ten studies, irrespective of @entity5 site. Hazard ratios (HRs) of up to 3  19 ( @entity96 ), 1  63 ( @entity788 ), 1  85 ( @entity14 ) and 2  69 (colorectal liver metastases, @entity71265 ) were reported. For @entity5 , the HR was 0  31 for increasing muscle mass. In @entity1 with @entity14 and @entity71265 , @entity6288 was independently associated with postoperative mortality ( @entity14 : odds ratio (OR) 43  3), complications ( @entity14 : OR 0  96 for increasing muscle mass; @entity71265 ) and severe complications ( @entity71265 ). CONCLUSION: @entity6288 identified before surgery by single-slice CT is associated with @entity344 , and increased postoperative morbidity in @entity1 with @entity14 with or without hepatic metastases.

title: Systematic review of XXXX in @entity1 operated on for @entity344 .

answer: @entity6288 :: (MESH:D055948,Disease) :: ['sarcopenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative risk assessment in @entity5 surgery is of importance to improve treatment and outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of CT-assessed @entity6288 on short- and long-term outcomes in @entity1 undergoing surgical resection of @entity344 . METHODS: A systematic search of Embase, PubMed and Web of Science was performed to identify relevant studies published before 30 September 2014. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Screening for inclusion, checking the validity of included studies and data extraction were carried out independently by two investigators. RESULTS: After screening 692 records, 13 observational studies with a total of 2884 @entity1 were included in the analysis. There was wide variation in the reported prevalence of @entity6288 (17  0-79 per cent). @entity6288 was independently associated with reduced overall survival in seven of ten studies, irrespective of @entity5 site. Hazard ratios (HRs) of up to 3  19 ( @entity96 ), 1  63 ( @entity788 ), 1  85 ( @entity14 ) and 2  69 (colorectal liver metastases, @entity71265 ) were reported. For @entity5 , the HR was 0  31 for increasing muscle mass. In @entity1 with @entity14 and @entity71265 , @entity6288 was independently associated with postoperative mortality ( @entity14 : odds ratio (OR) 43  3), complications ( @entity14 : OR 0  96 for increasing muscle mass; @entity71265 ) and severe complications ( @entity71265 ). CONCLUSION: @entity6288 identified before surgery by single-slice CT is associated with @entity344 , and increased postoperative morbidity in @entity1 with @entity14 with or without hepatic metastases.

title: Systematic review of @entity6288 in XXXX operated on for @entity344 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) can present with lateral trunk flexion (LTF). Abnormal posture associated with @entity191 has been treated, but the effectiveness of these treatments is limited, resulting in unsatisfactory outcomes. @entity1184 and @entity2915 may be useful for deciding targets for injection of botulinum toxin or physical rehabilitation. However, such findings may be limited such as the obliquus abdominis muscle or thoracic paraspinal muscles, and several other muscles may have a causative role in LTF. We investigated 8 @entity1 whether other muscles show unilateral @entity1184 by analyzing computed tomographic scans. Cobb's angle was 11   to 34  . The area of the paravertebral muscles was large contralateral to the bending side and this trend intensified from L4 to Th10. The lumbar quadrate muscle and psoas major muscle showed unilateral enlargement. These larger muscles were prominent contralateral to the bending side in five @entity1 and ipsilateral to the bending side in two @entity1 . This unilateral muscle change was mildly seen in the internal and external abdominal oblique muscles. The lumbar quadrate muscle or psoas major muscle showed two @entity1184 patterns, and these muscles might be new therapeutic targets for treatments such as botulinum toxin.

title: Identification of a new target muscle for treatment in @entity1 with XXXX who have lateral trunk flexion?

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy', 'hypertrophic', 'Unilateral hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) can present with lateral trunk flexion (LTF). Abnormal posture associated with @entity191 has been treated, but the effectiveness of these treatments is limited, resulting in unsatisfactory outcomes. @entity1184 and @entity2915 may be useful for deciding targets for injection of botulinum toxin or physical rehabilitation. However, such findings may be limited such as the obliquus abdominis muscle or thoracic paraspinal muscles, and several other muscles may have a causative role in LTF. We investigated 8 @entity1 whether other muscles show unilateral @entity1184 by analyzing computed tomographic scans. Cobb's angle was 11   to 34  . The area of the paravertebral muscles was large contralateral to the bending side and this trend intensified from L4 to Th10. The lumbar quadrate muscle and psoas major muscle showed unilateral enlargement. These larger muscles were prominent contralateral to the bending side in five @entity1 and ipsilateral to the bending side in two @entity1 . This unilateral muscle change was mildly seen in the internal and external abdominal oblique muscles. The lumbar quadrate muscle or psoas major muscle showed two @entity1184 patterns, and these muscles might be new therapeutic targets for treatments such as botulinum toxin.

title: Identification of a new target muscle for treatment in XXXX with @entity191 who have lateral trunk flexion?

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity11769 is a major @entity1707 pathogen and a zoonotic agent. Serotype 2 strains are the most frequently associated with disease. However, not all serotype 2 lineages are considered virulent. Indeed, sequence type (ST) 28 serotype 2 @entity11769 strains have been described as a homogeneous group of low virulence. However, ST28 strains are often isolated from diseased @entity1707 in some countries, and at least four @entity1 ST28 cases have been reported. Here, we used whole-genome sequencing and @entity281 models to test the hypothesis that the ST28 lineage comprises strains of different genetic backgrounds and different virulence. We used 50 @entity11769 ST28 strains isolated in Canada, the United States and Japan from diseased @entity1707 , and one ST28 strain from a @entity1 case isolated in Thailand. We report a complex population structure among the 51 ST28 strains. Diversity resulted from variable gene content, recombination events and numerous genome-wide polymorphisms not attributable to recombination. Phylogenetic analysis using core genome single- @entity4334 polymorphisms revealed four discrete clades with strong geographic structure, and a fifth clade formed by US, Thai and Japanese strains. When tested in experimental animal models, strains from this latter clade were significantly more virulent than a Canadian ST28 reference strain, and a closely related Canadian strain. Our results highlight the limitations of MLST for both phylogenetic analysis and virulence prediction and raise concerns about the possible emergence of ST28 strains in @entity1 clinical cases.

title: Complex Population Structure and Virulence Differences among Serotype 2 XXXX Strains Belonging to Sequence Type 28.

entities_list: @entity11769 :: ('1307', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus suis', 'S. suis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['animal infection']

answer: @entity11769 :: (1307,Species) :: ['Streptococcus suis']


abstract: @entity358 is a common sequel of chronic @entity10070 , and the subsequent development of @entity4617 is frequent, especially in black @entity1 . @entity548 from aspergilloma is second only to @entity177 as the cause of @entity204 in @entity370 . Opinions regarding the role of resectional surgery are conflicting. We report observations on 38 @entity1 with biopsy evidence of antecedent @entity370 and cultural or serologic identification of Aspergillus species as cause of the fungus balls. @entity3794 was bilateral and extensive in most cases, making surgical treatment perilous. Ten @entity1 had moderate @entity73 . Seven had surgical resection with six satisfactory results and one @entity204 . Three @entity1 in this category have not required surgery. Twenty-eight @entity1 had severely compromised pulmonary function. Surgery was performed in seven because of intractable @entity548 ; four survived, but three later died of @entity1576 . Of the 21 in this category not treated by surgery, six survived, four died of @entity548 and 11 of @entity1576 . Of the 37 @entity1 with aspergilloma whose status is known, 19 are dead, 14 survived with positive precipitins and four, all treated surgically, recovered. It is concluded that surgical treatment of aspergilloma in @entity1 with @entity370 should be avoided if possible, but is inescapable in a third of cases.

title: XXXX and aspergilloma. The role of surgery.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary hemorrhage', 'bleeding', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of pulmonary function']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['intracavitary aspergillomas']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Fibrocystic pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity10070 :: ('MESH:D017565', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['Sarcoidosis']


abstract: Twenty-one @entity1 entered a double-blind crossover study to compare @entity2852 with @entity1623 . After a 1-week run-in period using a coated @entity117 preparation, ten @entity1 received @entity2852 (1 g at night) over a period of 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks on @entity1623 (250 mg b.i.d), while eleven @entity1 received the same treatments in the reverse order. Morning stiffness, @entity158 and night @entity158 showed no significant difference after either treatment. A wide range of objective measurements were made relating to the hips, knees, and cervical and lumbar spine. No statistically significant differences were observed in the relatively small number of @entity1 involved. Both treatments, however, appeared to produce a similar improvement in the @entity1 . The physician's assessment showed that improvement occurred in a majority of the @entity1 over the total trial period. Both drugs were considered to be equally effective and were both well tolerated. There was no special @entity1 preference for either the first or second treatment. A total of eight @entity1 reported side-effects, three during @entity1623 alone, three during both treatments, and two during the run-in period. In terms of tolerance, fifteen @entity1 had no drug preference, six preferred @entity2852 , none preferred @entity1623 . No evidence was found of changes in renal, hepatic or haematopoietic function with the two drugs tested.

title: Double-blind crossover study of XXXX versus @entity1623 in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2852 :: ('MESH:C035605', 'Chemical') :: ['nabumetone']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylsalicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity1623 :: ('MESH:D009288', 'Chemical') :: ['naproxen']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['overall pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity2852 :: (MESH:C035605,Chemical) :: ['nabumetone']


abstract: Twenty-one @entity1 entered a double-blind crossover study to compare @entity2852 with @entity1623 . After a 1-week run-in period using a coated @entity117 preparation, ten @entity1 received @entity2852 (1 g at night) over a period of 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks on @entity1623 (250 mg b.i.d), while eleven @entity1 received the same treatments in the reverse order. Morning stiffness, @entity158 and night @entity158 showed no significant difference after either treatment. A wide range of objective measurements were made relating to the hips, knees, and cervical and lumbar spine. No statistically significant differences were observed in the relatively small number of @entity1 involved. Both treatments, however, appeared to produce a similar improvement in the @entity1 . The physician's assessment showed that improvement occurred in a majority of the @entity1 over the total trial period. Both drugs were considered to be equally effective and were both well tolerated. There was no special @entity1 preference for either the first or second treatment. A total of eight @entity1 reported side-effects, three during @entity1623 alone, three during both treatments, and two during the run-in period. In terms of tolerance, fifteen @entity1 had no drug preference, six preferred @entity2852 , none preferred @entity1623 . No evidence was found of changes in renal, hepatic or haematopoietic function with the two drugs tested.

title: Double-blind crossover study of @entity2852 versus XXXX in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

answer: @entity1623 :: (MESH:D009288,Chemical) :: ['naproxen']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2910 ( @entity2910 ) is an uncommon poorly defined histologic pattern. Its significance is largely unknown. The goal of our study was to characterize @entity2910 clinically, histologically, and immunophenotypically. Biopsies of 45 @entity1 with @entity2910 and no intraepithelial granulocytes were selected throughout a 36-month period during routine diagnostic work. After reevaluation, complete absence of intraepithelial granulocytes was confirmed in 21 @entity1 ( @entity2910 -NG group), and few granulocytes were found in 24 @entity1 ( @entity2910 -FG). The control group consisted of 28 @entity1 with @entity2910 consistent with reflux and overtly increased intraepithelial lymphocytes (REIL). The ratio of @entity404 : @entity405 intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL)>1 indicated predominance of @entity404 IEL; the ratio  <=1 indicated predominance of @entity405 IEL. @entity1282 was the primary complaint in 71%, 54%, and 39% of the @entity1 with @entity2910 -NG, @entity2910 -FG, and REIL, respectively (P=0.04, @entity2910 -NG vs. REIL). Importantly, primary @entity4423 were found in 10/11 (91%) tested @entity2910 -NG @entity1 , 6/10 (60%) @entity2910 -FG @entity1 , and 6/11 (54%) REIL @entity1 . @entity404 IELs were predominant in 81%, 50%, and 39% of @entity2910 -NG, @entity2910 -FG, and REIL cases, respectively (P=0.004, @entity2910 -NG vs. REIL), and in 90%, 83%, and 88% of the cases with @entity1319 from the same groups. The prevalence of @entity1319 was significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity404 -predominant @entity2910 than in @entity1 with @entity405 -predominant @entity2910 from all groups (21/24 [83%] vs. 2/8 [25%], P=0.005). A distinctive type of @entity2910 with predominance of @entity404 IEL is associated with @entity1319 suggesting a diagnostic utility of evaluating @entity404 and @entity405 subpopulations of T cells in @entity2910 .

title: Lymphocytic Esophagitis With XXXX T-cell-predominant Intraepithelial Lymphocytes and Primary Esophageal Motility Abnormalities: A Potential Novel Clinicopathologic Entity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis', 'LE', 'Lymphocytic esophagitis', 'active esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity4423 :: ('MESH:D015154', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal motility abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['primary motility abnormalities']

answer: @entity404 :: (920,Gene) :: ['CD4']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Visual cognition such as face recognition requests a high degree of functional integration between distributed brain areas of a network. It has been reported that the fusiform gyrus (FG) is an important brain area involved in facial cognition; altered connectivity of FG to some other regions may lead to a @entity73 . However, whether functional connectivity between the FG and other brain areas changes remains unclear in the resting state in amnestic mild @entity73 (aMCI) subjects. Here, we employed a resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) to examine alterations in functional connectivity of left/right FG comparing aMCI @entity1 with age-matched control subjects. Forty-eight aMCI and 38 control subjects from the @entity195 Neuroimaging Initiative were analyzed. We concentrated on the correlation between low frequency fMRI time courses in the FG and those in all other brain regions. Relative to the control group, we found some discrepant regions in the aMCI group which presented increased or decreased connectivity with the left/right FG including the left precuneus, left lingual gyrus, right thalamus, supramarginal gyrus, left supplementary motor area, left inferior temporal gyrus, and left parahippocampus. More importantly, we also obtained that both left and right FG have increased functional connections with the left middle occipital gyrus (MOG) and right anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC) in aMCI @entity1 . That was not a coincidence and might imply that the MOG and ACC also play a critical @entity227 , especially face recognition. These findings in a large part supported our hypothesis and provided a new insight in understanding the important subtype of MCI.

title: Altered Functional Connectivity of Fusiform Gyrus in Subjects with XXXX : A Resting-State fMRI Study.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'deficit in visual cognition especially face recognition']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['role in visual cognition']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combination of @entity1169 and sclerotherapy in treating @entity8174 . Twenty-six @entity8174 @entity1 were subjected to combined treatment from January 2009 and June 2014. The effects of the therapy modality were evaluated. Nineteen @entity1 were females and 7 were males. The median age of treatment initiation was 4.96 months. Twelve lesions were located on the left side parotid glands, while thirteen lesions affected the right side. One @entity1 had bilateral lesions. One to six (average 2.04) injections were performed and the mean period for @entity1169 was 8.94 months. All the @entity1 got satisfied aesthetic outcomes. No complications of @entity1169 or sclerotherapy occurred during the whole medication period. The study demonstrated that combination of @entity1169 and sclerotherapy was an effective and safe method for @entity8174 . Larger-scale studies should be performed to further investigate the long-term efficacy and results of the present combined method for @entity8174 .

title: Combination of @entity1169 and sclerotherapy for treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity8174 :: ('MESH:D010309', 'Disease') :: ['infantile parotid hemangiomas', 'parotid hemangiomas']

answer: @entity8174 :: (MESH:D010309,Disease) :: ['infantile parotid hemangiomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combination of @entity1169 and sclerotherapy in treating @entity8174 . Twenty-six @entity8174 @entity1 were subjected to combined treatment from January 2009 and June 2014. The effects of the therapy modality were evaluated. Nineteen @entity1 were females and 7 were males. The median age of treatment initiation was 4.96 months. Twelve lesions were located on the left side parotid glands, while thirteen lesions affected the right side. One @entity1 had bilateral lesions. One to six (average 2.04) injections were performed and the mean period for @entity1169 was 8.94 months. All the @entity1 got satisfied aesthetic outcomes. No complications of @entity1169 or sclerotherapy occurred during the whole medication period. The study demonstrated that combination of @entity1169 and sclerotherapy was an effective and safe method for @entity8174 . Larger-scale studies should be performed to further investigate the long-term efficacy and results of the present combined method for @entity8174 .

title: Combination of XXXX and sclerotherapy for treatment of @entity8174 .

answer: @entity1169 :: (MESH:D011433,Chemical) :: ['propranolol']


abstract: The relationship between degree of acute @entity1317 , extent of platelet deposition, and ability to visualize @entity1317 with @entity4343 111-labeled platelets was studied in 18 @entity95 . An aortic lesion was made with a balloon catheter in each animal immediately after injection of autologously labeled platelets. Three nonlesioned @entity95 with 111In-labeled platelets served as controls. An additional control study was performed in 12 lesioned @entity95 in which nine were injected with 111In-labeled plasma protein and three with 111In-labeled red blood cells. A postmortem scanning electron microscope study of the aortae was made to determine the degree of @entity1423 on the damaged arterial wall. The radionuclide scans and scanning electron micrographs were then compared. Lesions were seen in ten of 18 animals with labeled platelets that had extensive regions of denuded endothelium covered by a contiguous layer of platelets. Lesions consisting of patchy deendothelialization and platelet deposition could not be visualized on the scans. Red blood cells and fibrin were not conspicuous on micrographs of the lesions. No lesions were visualized in animals receiving 111In-labeled plasma protein or red blood cells before @entity1317 , despite platelet deposition in the lesions.

title: Imaging of acute XXXX with 111In-labeled platelets: a comparison with scanning electron micrographs.

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['arterial injury']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the intima and the amount of platelet deposition']

answer: @entity1317 :: (MESH:D057772,Disease) :: ['arterial injury']


abstract: Basing on the hypothesis that disturbances of cerebral information processing on the basis of acute or chronic stress situations or profound @entity6004 alterations are being directed to the cardiovascular system only by predisposition to hyperreactivity, the influence of a psycho-nervous-humoral-hormonal stepped load schedule upon central nervous and vegetative functions was studied in @entity6599 . Stochastic interventions into the natural day-night rhythm and application of @entity1219 and @entity8147 doses not per se causing a blood pressure rise, either single or in combination for altogether 3 years were used as disturbing factors. It has been revealed that experimental disturbance of the light-dark phases led to lasting deviations of the conditional-reflectory activity in the sense of a predominance of irritation processes. With motor response time, initially unchanged but from the second year of experiment significantly shortened by 35%, the failure rates at differentiation increased, on the average, from 6 to 45% and the intersignal responses by 100%. Even after exposure for several months, no disorders of the cardiovascular system occurred. It was only the coupling with an experimentally induced disturbance of electrolyte distribution that provoked a significant increase in mean arterial pressure, on the average, by 24% of the pre-control value with moderate increase of the circulating blood volume. The increases in free @entity1718 and blood @entity413 concentrations by 14 and 23%, respectively, can be interpreted as additional @entity101 -favouring factors. Despite an application of mineral corticoids for more than 1 year, it has been impossible to alter the contraction behaviour of the vascular smooth muscle cell in the sense of an experimentally induced predisposition to @entity6587 outlasting the discontinuation of disturbing factors. With higher nervous activity being clearly disturbed as before, the pressure got back to normal; testing the vascular reactivity to @entity1063 (1.0 microgram/kg b.w/min i.v., for 5 min) or angiotensin II (0.5 microgram/kg b.w. i.v.) at the end of the investigation period gave no enhanced pressure responses. By contrast, animals exposed exclusively to the described combination load for 18 weeks, showed a still normal system pressure and sensitivity to the applied @entity1063 and angiotensin II increased by 75-120% of the pre-control response. A liability of the cardiovascular system at acute stress situations (multiple partial immobilization) in long-term neurotically predamaged monkeys in the 24-h experiment was impressive by a cardiodepression during the nightly regeneration phase, reduced on the average by 35 beats/min against the control group. Thus, our results support the hypothesis of a cerebro-visceral pathoconstellation as the etiological principle of certain forms of the inhomogeneous clinical picture of primary @entity101 .

title: [Arterial XXXX dysregulations on the basis of a cerebro-visceral stimulus constellation in @entity6599 ].

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity6587 :: ('MESH:D016535', 'Disease') :: ['arteriolar hyperreactivity']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: Basing on the hypothesis that disturbances of cerebral information processing on the basis of acute or chronic stress situations or profound @entity6004 alterations are being directed to the cardiovascular system only by predisposition to hyperreactivity, the influence of a psycho-nervous-humoral-hormonal stepped load schedule upon central nervous and vegetative functions was studied in @entity6599 . Stochastic interventions into the natural day-night rhythm and application of @entity1219 and @entity8147 doses not per se causing a blood pressure rise, either single or in combination for altogether 3 years were used as disturbing factors. It has been revealed that experimental disturbance of the light-dark phases led to lasting deviations of the conditional-reflectory activity in the sense of a predominance of irritation processes. With motor response time, initially unchanged but from the second year of experiment significantly shortened by 35%, the failure rates at differentiation increased, on the average, from 6 to 45% and the intersignal responses by 100%. Even after exposure for several months, no disorders of the cardiovascular system occurred. It was only the coupling with an experimentally induced disturbance of electrolyte distribution that provoked a significant increase in mean arterial pressure, on the average, by 24% of the pre-control value with moderate increase of the circulating blood volume. The increases in free @entity1718 and blood @entity413 concentrations by 14 and 23%, respectively, can be interpreted as additional @entity101 -favouring factors. Despite an application of mineral corticoids for more than 1 year, it has been impossible to alter the contraction behaviour of the vascular smooth muscle cell in the sense of an experimentally induced predisposition to @entity6587 outlasting the discontinuation of disturbing factors. With higher nervous activity being clearly disturbed as before, the pressure got back to normal; testing the vascular reactivity to @entity1063 (1.0 microgram/kg b.w/min i.v., for 5 min) or angiotensin II (0.5 microgram/kg b.w. i.v.) at the end of the investigation period gave no enhanced pressure responses. By contrast, animals exposed exclusively to the described combination load for 18 weeks, showed a still normal system pressure and sensitivity to the applied @entity1063 and angiotensin II increased by 75-120% of the pre-control response. A liability of the cardiovascular system at acute stress situations (multiple partial immobilization) in long-term neurotically predamaged monkeys in the 24-h experiment was impressive by a cardiodepression during the nightly regeneration phase, reduced on the average by 35 beats/min against the control group. Thus, our results support the hypothesis of a cerebro-visceral pathoconstellation as the etiological principle of certain forms of the inhomogeneous clinical picture of primary @entity101 .

title: [Arterial @entity101 dysregulations on the basis of a cerebro-visceral stimulus constellation in XXXX ].

answer: @entity6599 :: (9557,Species) :: ['baboons']


abstract: Pharmacokinetic studies on @entity3897 were performed in 52 @entity1 under general or spinal anaesthesia. Age had a clinically significant effect on the kinetics of this alkaloid: in @entity1 under 2 years of age and in the elderly a prolonged elimination was found. This might explain, partly at least, the higher sensitivity of these age groups to the effects of @entity3897 . Age had no effect on the serum protein binding of this alkaloid. @entity3897 was found in @entity1 @entity2841 after a single i.m. administration, but not after a single i.v. administration. During anaesthesia after i.v. @entity3897 administration, a diminished cardiovascular response was found in the elderly in comparison with healthy adult @entity1 . This indicates changes also at the cholinergic receptor sites in the elderly.

title: Pharmacokinetic studies on XXXX with special reference to age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['Atropine', 'atropine']

answer: @entity3897 :: (MESH:D001285,Chemical) :: ['atropine']


abstract: In a retrospective study of 301 @entity1893 @entity1 the clinical and prognostic value of the classification of Lukes and Collins was studied. A slight majority of the cases were of the follicular center cell types. Stages III-IV were found in 46% of the entire group at the time of diagnosis. The @entity706 showing follicular center cell types were frequently localized (63%). About 65% of all cases survived one year and about 45% five years. The females showed a better survival. The @entity706 cases had the poorest survival. Two prognostically different @entity1893 were discerned. The more favourable group consisted of the small cleaved FCC type (five-year relative survival 74%), the small lymphocytic type (62%) and the plasmacytoid lymphocytic type (51%). The small non-cleaved FCC type, the large non-cleaved FCC type and the immunoblastic sarcoma type formed the other group with a less favourable prognosis. Mortality due to these types manifested itself to a level of 65% in the first two years.

title: The Lukes and Collins classification of XXXX . 2. A survival study of 301 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", "subgroups of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas"]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['nodal lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphomas']


abstract: In a retrospective study of 301 @entity1893 @entity1 the clinical and prognostic value of the classification of Lukes and Collins was studied. A slight majority of the cases were of the follicular center cell types. Stages III-IV were found in 46% of the entire group at the time of diagnosis. The @entity706 showing follicular center cell types were frequently localized (63%). About 65% of all cases survived one year and about 45% five years. The females showed a better survival. The @entity706 cases had the poorest survival. Two prognostically different @entity1893 were discerned. The more favourable group consisted of the small cleaved FCC type (five-year relative survival 74%), the small lymphocytic type (62%) and the plasmacytoid lymphocytic type (51%). The small non-cleaved FCC type, the large non-cleaved FCC type and the immunoblastic sarcoma type formed the other group with a less favourable prognosis. Mortality due to these types manifested itself to a level of 65% in the first two years.

title: The Lukes and Collins classification of @entity1893 . 2. A survival study of 301 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Disappearance kinetic characteristics of @entity1855 were determined in 9 @entity1 after a single intravenous dose. From the pharmacokinetic variables determined, we designed an intravenous regimen to maintain a plasma @entity1855 concentration of 150 ng/ml consisting of (1) a loading bolus (10 mg over 2 minutes), followed by (2) a rapid loading infusion (0.375 mg/min) for 30 minutes, and finally (3) a maintenance infusion (0.125 mg/min). We tested this regimen in 7 @entity1 for 2 to 12 hours, and found it to be safe and to produce stable prolongation of the P-R interval. @entity1855 concentration was highest immediately after the bolus administration and was prevented from falling below 67 ng/ml by the rapid infusion. Maintenance concentration remained between 77 and 156 ng/ml for all @entity1 , and averaged 122 ng/ml. Transient and slight @entity551 and sinus cycle length occurred coincident with the maximum @entity1855 concentration. Maximum P-R prolongation lagged behind peak plasma concentration but was sustained for the duration of the infusion. Prolongation of the P-R interval was not significantly different at the end of the infusion from that 90 minutes after the start of the regimen. No @entity1 demonstrated significant side effects, @entity943 , or clinically important @entity551 . Although the specified regimen produced a final concentration averaging 125 ng/ml, it is predicted that infusion regimens producing other plasma concentrations can be similarly devised by changing the bolus, rapid loading infusion, and maintenance infusion doses in proportion to the desired final plasma concentration.

title: Pharmacokinetics of XXXX : experience with a sustained intravenous infusion regimen.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil', 'Verapamil']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['decreases in brachial blood pressure', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity1855 :: (MESH:D014700,Chemical) :: ['verapamil']


abstract: The stomachs of adult @entity2659 @entity19 were investigated by anatomical examination and light microscopy. Serial sections were prepared of entire stomachs; the various types of gastric glands were characterized; and, using every 30th or 60th serial section, maps of gland distribution were obtained through point-plotting serial reconstruction. Gross examination shows that the cephalic third of the stomach consists of a thin-walled, domelike structure, the forestomach. The rest of the organ, or stomach proper, is subdivided into two parts, the thick-walled corpus, which approximately occupies the middle third, and the less vascular pyloric antrum which forms the remaining caudal third of the organ. Histologically, glands are absent from the @entity5932 but are numerous throughout the stomach proper. They are of two main types, namely, zymogenic glands, which contain, among others, zymogenic cells, and @entity9358 , which lack these cells but contain mucous cells. Both gland types show a few enteroendocrine cells. Moreover, some of the @entity9358 include parietal cells (mucoparietal glands), while others do not (pure @entity9358 ). Mucosal maps reveal that the glands of each type are located in distinct areas of the mucosa. Thus a compact zymogenic region may be defined, occupying 56% of the glandular mucosa and containing only zymogenic glands. The mucous region, on the other hand, composed only of @entity9358 , is extensive and divided into a narrow cephalic band (5.2% of the glandular mucosa) and a large caudal part (38.8%). Along the lesser curvature these parts are continuous, and together they encapsulate the zymogenic region. In proximity to the border of this region, and only there, do the @entity9358 include parietal cells. A comparison of mucosal maps and gross features indicates that the corpus includes both the zymogenic region and the cephalic band of @entity9358 , whereas the antrum is composed entirely of the @entity9358 of the caudal part.

title: Division of the XXXX gastric mucosa into zymogenic and mucous regions on the basis of gland features.

entities_list: @entity9358 :: ('MESH:D009078', 'Disease') :: ['mucous glands']

entities_list: @entity5932 :: ('MESH:C565008', 'Disease') :: ['forestomach mucosa']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: @entity6104 was found in three @entity1 who presented with @entity299 . In two @entity1 , @entity6104 had been present for more than 30 years and had been previously unrecognized. These @entity1 included a 67 year old @entity1 with complete @entity616 of 13 years' duration, and his son, who had @entity714 and chronic generalized @entity296 . A chart review of 19 other @entity1 with @entity6104 who were seen at this institution disclosed five @entity1 with @entity616 . Transient first-degree @entity616 was the most common disturbance detected and was usually associated with active @entity6104 . Some @entity616 appeared after a long latent period at a time when other manifestations of @entity6104 were inactive. An association with this disorder was therefore not obvious. In all five @entity1 with @entity6104 and conduction disturbances, testing for @entity4788 antigen gave positive results. Both clinical and histopathologic changes in the heart in @entity6104 are analogous to those in @entity1691 , also associated with @entity4788 antigen. We suggest that the heart, like the joints and iris, may be a target organ for @entity4788 -associated disease by a mechanism that remains to be defined.

title: XXXX in @entity6104 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man', 'men']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['left bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity6104 :: ('MESH:D016918', 'Disease') :: ["Reiter's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac conduction disturbances']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block', 'conduction abnormalities']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['Cardiac conduction abnormalities']


abstract: @entity6104 was found in three @entity1 who presented with @entity299 . In two @entity1 , @entity6104 had been present for more than 30 years and had been previously unrecognized. These @entity1 included a 67 year old @entity1 with complete @entity616 of 13 years' duration, and his son, who had @entity714 and chronic generalized @entity296 . A chart review of 19 other @entity1 with @entity6104 who were seen at this institution disclosed five @entity1 with @entity616 . Transient first-degree @entity616 was the most common disturbance detected and was usually associated with active @entity6104 . Some @entity616 appeared after a long latent period at a time when other manifestations of @entity6104 were inactive. An association with this disorder was therefore not obvious. In all five @entity1 with @entity6104 and conduction disturbances, testing for @entity4788 antigen gave positive results. Both clinical and histopathologic changes in the heart in @entity6104 are analogous to those in @entity1691 , also associated with @entity4788 antigen. We suggest that the heart, like the joints and iris, may be a target organ for @entity4788 -associated disease by a mechanism that remains to be defined.

title: @entity299 in XXXX .

answer: @entity6104 :: (MESH:D016918,Disease) :: ['Reiter's syndrome']


abstract: The dynamic elastic modulus (Ed) and the coefficient of wall viscosity ( @entity11081 w) of the tail artery of normotensive @entity35 were determined as functions of the circumferential wall stress under quasistatic and dynamic conditions. The experiments were performed under strong smooth muscle activation induced by @entity1063 , and during relaxation induced by @entity3302 . The following results were obtained. 1. Ed and @entity11081 w increase with increasing wall stress. At a given wall stress, Ed is virtually independent of frequency while @entity11081 w decreases markedly with increasing frequency. This behaviour of @entity11081 w is called thixotropy or pseudoplasticity. 2. In the wall stress range from 5--60 kPa the values of Ed, and in the wall stress range from 60--140 kPa those of @entity11081 w obtained under smooth muscle activation and during relaxation are virtually identical. 3. In the relaxed smooth muscle, the phase angles between sinusoidal pressure and radius changes area virtually independent of the mean wall stress at all frequencies. In the low stress range, the phase angles are greater at low frequencies in the activated state than in the relaxed state, decrease with increasing wall stress, and are virtually identical to the values under @entity3302 at high wall stresses. At high frequencies no dependence of the phase angles on the mean wall stress can be seen.

title: The contribution of the parallel and series elastic components to the dynamic properties of the XXXX tail artery under two different smooth muscle tones.

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity3302 :: ('MESH:D010208', 'Chemical') :: ['papaverine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To describe and understand @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) nurses' views regarding their role in @entity1213 @entity1 ' perception of safety. BACKGROUND: Feeling safe is an important issue for @entity1213 @entity1 . Not feeling safe may result in adverse effects including traumatic experiences, having nightmares and feeling depressed. Nursing care plays a major role in @entity1 ' perception of safety. However, it is unknown whether @entity1213 nurses are aware of this role. DESIGN: A grounded theory approach following Corbin and Strauss. METHODS: A total of 13 @entity1 were included in the study following maximum variation sampling, by selecting @entity1213 nurses who differed in gender, age, work experience as registered @entity1213 nurse, and were employed in different IC units. In-depth interviews were performed using open-ended questions guided by a topic list with broad question areas. Data collection and analysis were executed during an iterative process. RESULTS: The core category, building a bond of trust to provide good and comfortable care, arose from four main categories: explaining and informing @entity1213 @entity1 , using @entity1 ' family bond, @entity1213 nurses' attitudes and expertise, and creating physical safety. CONCLUSION: The @entity1213 nurses stated that they were not explicitly aware of @entity1213 @entity1 ' perception of safety, but that they strived to provide good and comfortable care, through building a bond of trust with their @entity1 . According to the nurses, a bond of trust is essential for @entity1 to feel safe in the @entity1213 . RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The importance of feeling safe in @entity1213 @entity1 should be addressed within the education and clinical practice of @entity1213 nurses, to ensure that they become aware of @entity1213 @entity1 ' perception of safety.

title: 'Providing good and comfortable care by building a bond of trust': nurses views regarding their role in XXXX ' perception of safety in the Intensive Care Unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['intensive care unit', 'ICU']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe burn @entity130 are associated with a persistent @entity2495 response, which causes long-term loss of muscle mass that results in a clinical negative balance of @entity1568 and @entity2057 . MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, which negatively regulates gene expression by promoting degradation of target mRNAs or inhibiting their translation. However, the mechanisms of skeletal @entity2057 after severe burn involved in miRNAs still remain unclear. METHODS: In this study, the alterations of miRNAs expression profile in skeletal muscles of thermal @entity35 were detected at an early stage by microarray. All data were presented as mean  SD. Statistical analysis was determined by independent Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA. The significance was all set at p<0.05, and fold change cut-off was 2.0 for microarray. Significant differentially expressed miRNAs were identified through Volcano Plot filtering. Hierarchical clustering was performed using MEV software (v4.6, @entity71266 ). RESULTS: Thousands of miRNAs could be examined in normal and injured tissues, but only 69 of these were significantly upregulated or down-regulated, which could be used to discriminate skeletal muscles of thermal @entity35 from matched tissues. CONCLUSION: The deregulated miRNAs probably play a potential role in the pathogenesis of skeletal @entity2057 in burn @entity130 .

title: Detection of the MicroRNA expression profile in skeletal muscles of burn XXXX at the early stage in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity2495 :: ('MESH:C565498', 'Disease') :: ['hypermetabolic']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle wasting']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe burn @entity130 are associated with a persistent @entity2495 response, which causes long-term loss of muscle mass that results in a clinical negative balance of @entity1568 and @entity2057 . MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, which negatively regulates gene expression by promoting degradation of target mRNAs or inhibiting their translation. However, the mechanisms of skeletal @entity2057 after severe burn involved in miRNAs still remain unclear. METHODS: In this study, the alterations of miRNAs expression profile in skeletal muscles of thermal @entity35 were detected at an early stage by microarray. All data were presented as mean  SD. Statistical analysis was determined by independent Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA. The significance was all set at p<0.05, and fold change cut-off was 2.0 for microarray. Significant differentially expressed miRNAs were identified through Volcano Plot filtering. Hierarchical clustering was performed using MEV software (v4.6, @entity71266 ). RESULTS: Thousands of miRNAs could be examined in normal and injured tissues, but only 69 of these were significantly upregulated or down-regulated, which could be used to discriminate skeletal muscles of thermal @entity35 from matched tissues. CONCLUSION: The deregulated miRNAs probably play a potential role in the pathogenesis of skeletal @entity2057 in burn @entity130 .

title: Detection of the MicroRNA expression profile in skeletal muscles of burn @entity130 at the early stage in XXXX .

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To present our experience of reconstructing wide defects with porously @entity702 mesh after radical resection of malignant @entity5 . METHODS: A retrospective review of surgical reconstruction for large chest wall resections with @entity702 mesh was conducted from January 2009 to August 2014 in Shanghai Chest Hospital. RESULTS: A total of 27 @entity1 underwent major chest wall reconstructions with @entity702 mesh, following oncological resections. Chest wall @entity242 were the most frequent (63.0%). The mean @entity5 size was 72.4 (range, 36-140) cm(2). The average size of the applied porously @entity702 mesh was 140.9 (range, 80-225) cm(2). Mean postoperative length of stay was 7.1 (range, 4-14) days. There were no perioperative mortalities. Four (14.8%) @entity1 experienced treatable complications. All had a resection of at least 3 ribs (median 3, mean 3.5 ribs). A total of 22 @entity1 underwent ribs without sternal resections, and five @entity1 underwent partial sternal resections with adjacent costal cartilage. Anterior chest wall resections were performed in 13 @entity1 while lateral chest wall resections were performed in 9 @entity1 . Three @entity1 had extended resections beyond the chest wall in @entity1 with primary chest wall @entity5 , including two with wedge resections of lung and one with partial resection of pericardium. No @entity1 was lost to follow-up. Mean follow-up was 30.7 months. Neither chest wall instability nor wound @entity281 / @entity39 was observed. Of these, 23 @entity1 (85.2%) were alive at the last follow-up. Local recurrence was detected in three cases. The 5-year disease-free and overall survivals of primary @entity5 were 72.1% and 80.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that chest wall reconstruction utilizing synthetic @entity702 meshes following extensive resections of the chest wall malignant @entity5 allowed adequate resection size, with acceptable complications and survival benefits.

title: Clinical experience with XXXX mesh in reconstruction of massive chest wall defects following oncological resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'chest wall tumors', 'chest tumors', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['titanium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Menopause is associated with important systemic and oral changes. Many researchers have tried to evaluate the influence of hormonal changes associated with menopause in the periodontium, however results are contradictory. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the possible effects of menopause on the severity of @entity2520 and @entity2524 , by considering several general, oral and periodontal parameters. METHODS: 102 @entity1 with @entity7278 , and at least six teeth, were divided into two groups: a study group (SG) consisting of 68 menopausal @entity1 and a control group (CG) consisting of 34 premenopausal @entity1 . The @entity1 had extensive anamnesis, made by a single senior periodontologist, which collected demographic data, medical and gynaecological history and habits. Additionally, oral and periodontal parameters including: number of teeth, plaque index, presence of calculi, probing depth, @entity548 on probing, @entity1464 and @entity6730 were recorded. The following statistical tests were used: Chi-square, Fisher's t-test for independent samples, non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, and linear multiple regression. RESULTS: The number of teeth was significantly lower in postmenopausal @entity1 (SG 10.8    5.9, CG 6.8    4.6), however, after adjusting for age, smoking and plaque index, the difference was no longer statistically significant (P=0.169). The @entity6730 was slightly higher in the study group, although the difference is not significant (SG 4.31    1.08, CG 4.05    1.28). CONCLUSIONS: Menopause does not appear to significantly influence the severity of @entity2520 and @entity2524 . Other factors may exert a greater influence on the progression of @entity2520 rather than menopause itself.

title: Relationship between menopause and XXXX : a cross-sectional study in a Portuguese population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss']

entities_list: @entity1464 :: ('MESH:D005889', 'Disease') :: ['gingival recession']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2524 :: ('MESH:D016388', 'Disease') :: ['tooth loss']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['periodontal disease']


abstract: STUDY QUESTION: What is the motor protein composition and function of @entity1 fallopian tube (FT) cilia? SUMMARY ANSWER: Although the motor protein composition and function of @entity1 FT cilia resemble that of @entity1576 , females with @entity910 ( @entity910 ) are not necessarily infertile. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: FTs are lined with multiple motile cilia, which show a 9 + 2 ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy. Case reports suggest an increased incidence of @entity249 and @entity5849 in @entity1 with @entity910 , a disease characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia and flagella. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This study consisted of an observational laboratory study on @entity1 FT specimens from five healthy females recruited from April 2012 to December 2013 and a descriptive observational retrospective analysis of a clinical @entity910 database. @entity1 /MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: @entity1 FT tissue was obtained from five healthy females after tubal ligation during caesarean delivery. Motor protein composition was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy using antibodies against dynein arms and nexin-dynein regulatory complex subunits. Ciliary motility was analysed by high-speed video microscopy. A retrospective search of our database of @entity910 individuals was performed for information on conception and childbirth. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The motor protein composition of @entity1 FT cilia was identical to that of @entity1576 . FT cilia showed coordinated beating, resulting in a directed fluid flow towards the uterine cavity. We identified nine @entity910 individuals with severe dysfunction of @entity1576 who gave birth to @entity1 after spontaneous conception. This suggests that ciliary beating is not the key motor of ovum transport. LIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION: FT cilia of affected @entity910 females were not available for analysis. Thus, it remains to be proven that FT cilia indeed show the same defects as @entity1576 in @entity910 individuals. Comprehensive epidemiological studies are needed to determine the extent of female (sub-) fertility in @entity910 . WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Knowledge of the exact protein composition and function of FT cilia will contribute to a better understanding of cilia-generated fluid flow in female reproduction. These findings are important for subsequent studies of function and protein composition of FT cilia in @entity910 @entity1 . STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: This work was supported by European Commission FP7 (Seventh Framework Programme for Research) Grant Nos 305404 (BESTCILIA) and 241955 (SYSCILIA) to H. Omran, the 'Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft' (DFG OM 6/4, OM 6/5) and the IZKF Muenster (Om2/009/12). All authors declare that they have no competing interests.

title: Ciliary function and motor protein composition of XXXX fallopian tubes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'human', 'patients', 'Human', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['subfertility']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['PCD', 'primary ciliary dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory cilia']

entities_list: @entity5849 :: ('MESH:D011271', 'Disease') :: ['ectopic pregnancy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: With the ongoing expansion of palliative care services throughout the United States, meeting the needs of socioeconomically marginalized populations, as in all domains of healthcare, continues to be a challenge. Our specific aim here was to help meet some of these needs through expanding delivery of @entity158 and palliative care services by establishing a new clinic for underserved @entity1 and collecting descriptive data about its operation. METHOD: In November of 2014, the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center's @entity158 and Palliative Care Service (PPCS) launched a bimonthly offsite @entity158 and palliative care outpatient clinic in collaboration with Mobile Medical Care Inc. (MobileMed), a private not-for-profit primary care provider in Montgomery County, Maryland, serving underserved area residents since 1968. Staffed by NIH hospice and palliative medicine clinical fellows and faculty, the clinic provides specialty @entity158 and palliative care consultation services to @entity1 referred by their primary care healthcare providers. A @entity1 log was maintained, charts reviewed, and referring providers surveyed on their satisfaction with the service. RESULTS: The clinic had 27 @entity1 encounters with 10 @entity1 (6 males, 4 females, aged 23-67) during its first 7 months of operation. The reason for referral for all but one @entity1 was @entity1118 of multiple etiologies. @entity1 had numerous psychosocial stressors and comorbidities. All primary care providers who returned surveys (n = 4) rated their level of satisfaction with the consultation service as "very satisfied" or "extremely satisfied." SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: This brief descriptive report outlines the steps taken and logistical issues addressed to launch and continue the clinic, the characteristics of @entity1 treated, and the results of quality-improvement projects. Lessons learned are highlighted and future directions suggested for the clinic and others that may come along like it.

title: Initiating XXXX and palliative care outpatient services for the suburban underserved in Montgomery County, Maryland: Lessons learned at the NIH Clinical Center and MobileMed.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity120 ( @entity120 ) is a @entity358 with a high mortality, characterized by typical angio-proliferative lesions. @entity5301 ( @entity5301 ) attenuates @entity6980 in @entity120 . We postulated that @entity5301 acts through mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and activation of the cytoprotective enzyme @entity22456 (HO-1). METHODS: @entity35 with flow-associated @entity120 , resembling pediatric @entity120 , were treated with HO-1 inducer @entity5301 in the presence or absence of the selective HO-activity inhibitor @entity71267 (SnMP). HO activity, circulating EPCs and @entity455 were assessed after 3   weeks. RESULTS: In @entity120 @entity35 , circulating EPCs were decreased and HO activity was increased compared to control. @entity5301 treatment restored circulating EPCs and improved @entity6980 , as shown by a reduced wall thickness and occlusion rate of the intra-acinar vessels. Inhibition of HO activity with SnMP aggravated @entity120 . Moreover, SnMP treatment abrogated @entity5301 -induced amelioration of @entity6980 , while surprisingly further increasing circulating EPCs as compared with @entity5301 alone. CONCLUSION: In experimental @entity120 , @entity5301 treatment restored the number of circulating EPCs to control level, improved @entity6980 , and showed important interplay with HO activity. Inhibition of increased HO activity in @entity120 @entity35 exacerbated progression of @entity6980 , despite the presence of restored number of circulating EPCs. We suggest that both @entity5301 -induced HO-1 and EPCs are promising targets to ameliorate the pulmonary vasculature in @entity120 .

title: XXXX Attenuates Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Experimental Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension through Interplay between Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Heme Oxygenase.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity71267 :: ('MESH:C055421', 'Chemical') :: ['tin-mesoporphyrin']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['PAH', 'Pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6980 :: ('MESH:D066253', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vascular remodeling']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vascular disease']

answer: @entity5301 :: (24335(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Erythropoietin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives. We aimed to examine whether baseline hemoglobin levels in @entity14399 -homozygous @entity1 are related to the degree of serum ferritin (SF) elevation and whether @entity1 with different baseline hemoglobin have different phlebotomy requirements. Methods. A total of 196 @entity1 (124 males and 72 females) who had undergone therapeutic phlebotomy and had SF and both pre- and posttreatment hemoglobin values were included in the study. Results. Bivariate correlation analysis suggested that baseline SF explains approximately 6 to 7% of the variation in baseline hemoglobin. The results also showed that males who had higher (>= 150   g/L) baseline hemoglobin levels had a significantly greater reduction in their posttreatment hemoglobin despite requiring fewer phlebotomies to achieve @entity68 depletion than those who had lower (<150   g/L) baseline hemoglobin, regardless of whether baseline SF was below or above 1000     g/L. There were no significant differences between hemoglobin subgroups regarding baseline and treatment characteristics, except for @entity69 saturation between male subgroups with SF above 1000     g/L. Similar differences were observed when females with higher (>= 138   g/L) baseline hemoglobin were compared with those with lower (<138   g/L) baseline hemoglobin. Conclusion. Dividing @entity14399 -homozygous @entity1 into just two subgroups according to the degree of baseline SF elevation may obscure important subgroup variations.

title: Relationship of Baseline Hemoglobin Level with Serum Ferritin, Postphlebotomy Hemoglobin Changes, and Phlebotomy Requirements among HFE XXXX Homozygotes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity14399 :: (p|SUB|C|282|Y,ProteinMutation) :: ['C282Y']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of @entity1416 ( @entity1416 ) in @entity1 with malignant @entity5492 . METHODS: An IRB-approved retrospective study at our academic institution was conducted on all @entity1 treated by @entity1416 for @entity5492 from @entity358 . Outcome and safety measures were documented according to Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) practice guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 26 @entity1 (13 male, 13 female) with @entity358 underwent @entity1416 for @entity5492 from 2003-2013. Histologic analysis revealed 80% (21/26) of cases were from primary @entity358 , while the remaining 20% (4/26) represented @entity3 . Sixty-five percent (17/26) of @entity1 underwent bronchoscopy prior to @entity1416 . Follow-up ranged from 2 to 1,909 days, with average of 155 days. Technical success was achieved in 77% of @entity1 (20/26). Clinical success rate was 75% (15/20). Eighty-five percent of embolized @entity1 (17/20) were treated with particles, 15% (3/20) with gelfoam, and 20% (4/20) with coils. @entity887 was performed in 70% (14/20), two-vessel in 20% (4/20), and multiple vessels in 10% (2/20). No complications were reported. Six-month all-cause mortality of treated cases was 55% (11/20) with an in-hospital mortality of 25% (5/20). Ten percent (2/20) had remote re-bleeding events beyond 6 months. Statistically significant predictors of mortality were intubation status, hemoglobin/hematocrit at presentation, and @entity882 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1416 is a safe and useful treatment for clinically significant @entity5492 in @entity1 with primary or metastatic lung masses despite high overall mortality. Intubation status, low hemoglobin/hematocrit, and @entity882 may represent clinical predictors of short term mortality following @entity1416 . ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Most @entity1 undergoing @entity1416 for malignant @entity5492 achieve high clinical success despite suffering a high mortality from underlying disease.

title: Bronchial artery embolization for malignant XXXX : a single institutional experience.

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial artery embolization', 'BAE']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['Single-vessel embolization']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung malignancy', 'lung malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity5492 :: ('MESH:D006469', 'Disease') :: ['hemoptysis']

answer: @entity5492 :: (MESH:D006469,Disease) :: ['hemoptysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Perceived constraints to providing @entity1 care in their own morally justified way may cause @entity147 ( @entity147 ) in neonatal nurses and physicians. Negative long-term effects of @entity147 include substandard @entity1 care, burnout and leaving the profession. AIM: To assess the immediate impact of perceived inappropriate @entity1 care on nurses' and physicians' @entity147 intensity, and explore a possible moderating effect of ethical climate. DESIGN: In a repeated measures design, after baseline assessment, each @entity1 completed self-report questionnaires after five randomly selected shifts. Data were analysed with logistic and Tobit regression. @entity1 : Data were collected among 117 of 147 eligible nurses and physicians (80%) in a level-III neonatal intensive care unit in the Netherlands. RESULTS: At baseline, overall @entity147 was relatively low; in nurses, it was significantly higher than in physicians. Few morally distressing situations were reported in the repeated measurements, but distress could be intense in these cases; nurses' and physicians' scores were comparable. Physicians were significantly more likely than nurses to disagree with their @entity1 ' level of care (p   =   0  02). Still, perceived overtreatment, but not undertreatment, was significantly related to distress intensity in both professional groups; ethical climate did not moderate this effect. Substandard @entity1 care due to lack of continuity, poor communication and unsafe levels of staffing were rated as more important causes of @entity147 than perceived inappropriate care. CONCLUSIONS: Although infrequently perceived, overtreatment of @entity1 caused considerable distress in nurses and physicians. Our unit introduced multidisciplinary medical ethical decision making 5 years ago, which may partly explain the low @entity147 at baseline. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: @entity147 might be prevented by improved continuity of care, safe levels of staffing and better team communication, along with other targeted interventions with demonstrated effectiveness, such as palliative care programs and facilitated ethics conversations.

title: Appropriateness of care and XXXX among neonatal intensive care unit staff: repeated measurements.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'participant', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity147 :: ('MESH:D005316', 'Disease') :: ['MD', 'moral distress']

answer: @entity147 :: (MESH:D005316,Disease) :: ['moral distress']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity519 preconditioning was shown to improve the therapeutic efficacy of bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) upon transplantation in @entity63 tissue. Given the interest in clinical applications of umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs, we developed a specific @entity519 preconditioning protocol and investigated its anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic effects on cord blood MSCs undergoing simulated @entity63 in vitro by subjecting them to @entity519 and nutrient deprivation with or without preceding @entity519 preconditioning. Cell number, metabolic activity, surface marker expression, chromosomal stability, apoptosis (caspases-3/7 activity) and @entity39 were determined, and phosphorylation, mRNA expression and protein secretion of selected apoptosis and angiogenesis-regulating factors were quantified. Then, @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were subjected to simulated @entity63 in co-culture with hypoxically preconditioned or na  ve cord blood MSCs, and HUVEC proliferation was measured. Migration, proliferation and @entity842 production of HUVECs were determined in presence of cord blood MSC-conditioned medium. Cord blood MSCs proved least sensitive to simulated @entity63 when they were preconditioned for 24 h, while their basic behavior, immunophenotype and karyotype in culture remained unchanged. Here, "post- @entity63 " cell number and metabolic activity were enhanced and @entity31373 activity and @entity880 dehydrogenase release were reduced as compared to non-preconditioned cells. Phosphorylation of @entity584 and BAD, mRNA expression of @entity1836 , @entity3274 and @entity7 , and @entity7 protein secretion were higher in preconditioned cells. Hypoxically preconditioned cord blood MSCs enhanced HUVEC proliferation and migration, while @entity842 production remained unchanged. We conclude that @entity519 preconditioning protects cord blood MSCs by activation of anti-apoptotic signaling mechanisms and enhances their angiogenic potential. Hence, @entity519 preconditioning might be a translationally relevant strategy to increase the tolerance of cord blood MSCs to @entity63 and improve their therapeutic efficacy in clinical applications.

title: XXXX Preconditioning Increases Survival and Pro-Angiogenic Capacity of @entity1 Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoxic', 'hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['Hypoxic']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity519 preconditioning was shown to improve the therapeutic efficacy of bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) upon transplantation in @entity63 tissue. Given the interest in clinical applications of umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs, we developed a specific @entity519 preconditioning protocol and investigated its anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic effects on cord blood MSCs undergoing simulated @entity63 in vitro by subjecting them to @entity519 and nutrient deprivation with or without preceding @entity519 preconditioning. Cell number, metabolic activity, surface marker expression, chromosomal stability, apoptosis (caspases-3/7 activity) and @entity39 were determined, and phosphorylation, mRNA expression and protein secretion of selected apoptosis and angiogenesis-regulating factors were quantified. Then, @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were subjected to simulated @entity63 in co-culture with hypoxically preconditioned or na  ve cord blood MSCs, and HUVEC proliferation was measured. Migration, proliferation and @entity842 production of HUVECs were determined in presence of cord blood MSC-conditioned medium. Cord blood MSCs proved least sensitive to simulated @entity63 when they were preconditioned for 24 h, while their basic behavior, immunophenotype and karyotype in culture remained unchanged. Here, "post- @entity63 " cell number and metabolic activity were enhanced and @entity31373 activity and @entity880 dehydrogenase release were reduced as compared to non-preconditioned cells. Phosphorylation of @entity584 and BAD, mRNA expression of @entity1836 , @entity3274 and @entity7 , and @entity7 protein secretion were higher in preconditioned cells. Hypoxically preconditioned cord blood MSCs enhanced HUVEC proliferation and migration, while @entity842 production remained unchanged. We conclude that @entity519 preconditioning protects cord blood MSCs by activation of anti-apoptotic signaling mechanisms and enhances their angiogenic potential. Hence, @entity519 preconditioning might be a translationally relevant strategy to increase the tolerance of cord blood MSCs to @entity63 and improve their therapeutic efficacy in clinical applications.

title: @entity519 Preconditioning Increases Survival and Pro-Angiogenic Capacity of XXXX Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Vertigo, the @entity1833 of movement of oneself or one's surroundings, can have substantial adverse effects on the quality of life of affected @entity1 . It is essential to decrease the frequency, severity, and duration of vertigo attacks using effective medications with minimal debilitating adverse effects. We performed a meta-analysis of available clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of @entity112 antagonists in the treatment of vertigo compared to the rate of resolution in untreated control groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search of articles in any language from January 1970 to March 2015 was performed through the following databases: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, the Excerpta Medica Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google. Randomized controlled trials comparing each kind of @entity16206 to untreated control @entity1 in the treatment of vertigo (blinded/unblinded) were screened for inclusion. Three reviewers separately performed data extraction from the included trials using a standard data abstraction form. Three other researchers read the final list of all articles retained. Discrepancies were settled by mutual consensus between the authors. Random effects models were applied to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using the Review Manager software. The evaluation of publication bias was performed by Egger's test and Begg's funnel plot. RESULTS: We identified 13 eligible citations. The pooled OR was 5.370, 95% CI (3.263-8.839), and I2=56.0%, with no obvious evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSION: Our results provide clarification of the effectiveness of several categories of @entity112 antagonists compared with placebos in controlling peripheral vertigo.

title: XXXX Antagonists for Treatment of Peripheral Vertigo: A Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucination']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity16206 :: ('CHEBI:37956', 'Chemical') :: ['antihistamine']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

answer: @entity112 :: (MESH:D006632,Chemical) :: ['Histamine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED:     BACKGROUND: An approach to @entity2753 in @entity1381 @entity1 on @entity298 ( @entity298 ) necessitates the assessment of intracellular fluid volume (ICV) and extracellular volume (ECV). The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of plasma @entity1372 ( @entity4024 ) concentration and body fluid composition and identify the causes of @entity2753 in non-diabetic @entity298 @entity1 .     METHODS: Sixty non-diabetic @entity1381 @entity1 on @entity298 were enrolled. Baseline body fluid composition, biochemistry, hand-grip test, peritoneal membrane characteristics, dialysis adequacy, @entity4024 and water balance, and @entity177 ( @entity177 ) were measured. These parameters were reevaluated for those who developed @entity2753 , defined as serum @entity4024 concentration < 132 mmol/L and a decline in serum @entity4024 > 7 mmol/L, during monthly visits for 1 year. Body fluid composition was determined by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance (BIA).     RESULTS: There was no significant correlation between serum @entity4024 concentrations and any other parameters except a negative correction with overnight ultrafiltration (UF) amount (p = 0.02). The ICV/ECV ratio was positively correlated with serum albumin (p < 0.005) and hand grip strength (p < 0.05). Over 1 year, 9 @entity1 (M:F = 3:6, aged 35 - 77) with 4 different etiologies of @entity2753 were identified. Hyponatremic @entity1 with a body weight (BW) loss had either an increased ICV/ECV ratio associated with primarily a negative @entity4024 balance (n = 2) or a reduced ratio of ICV/ECV associated with @entity3147 (n = 2). In contrast, hyponatremic @entity1 with a BW gain had either a reduced ICV/ECV ratio associated with a rapid loss of @entity177 and a higher peritoneal permeability (n = 2) or a normal to increased ICV/ECV ratio associated with high water intake (n = 3).     CONCLUSION: Besides BW change and ultrafiltration rate, the assessment of ICV/ECV ratio is valuable in identifying the etiologies of @entity2753 in @entity298 and provides a guide for optimal therapy.

title: Evaluating XXXX in Non-Diabetic Uremic @entity1 on Peritoneal Dialysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['RRF', 'residual renal function']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

answer: @entity2753 :: (MESH:D007010,Disease) :: ['Hyponatremia']