abstract: BACKGROUND: High-quality, cause-specific mortality data are critical for effective health policy. Yet vague cause of @entity204 codes, such as @entity712 , are highly prevalent in global mortality data. We propose an empirical method correcting mortality data for the use of @entity712 as an underlying cause of @entity204 . METHODS: We performed a regression analysis stratified by sex, age, and country development status on all available ICD-10 mortality data, consisting of 142 million deaths across 838 country-years. The analysis yielded predicted fractions with which to redistribute @entity712 -attributed deaths to the appropriate underlying causes of @entity204 . Age-adjusted @entity204 rates and rank causes of @entity204 before and after correction were calculated. RESULTS: @entity712 accounts for 3.1% of all deaths in the dataset. @entity741 has the highest redistribution proportion for ages 15-49 and 50+ in both sexes and country development levels, causing gains in age-adjusted @entity204 rates in both developed and developing countries. @entity1030 and @entity101 also make significant rank gains. Reproductive-aged @entity1 in developing country-years yield the most diverse range of @entity712 causes. CONCLUSIONS: @entity741 becomes the No. 1 cause of @entity204 in several developed countries, including France and Japan, underscoring the @entity65 in high-income countries. Age-adjusted @entity204 rate increases for @entity741 in low- and middle-income countries, such as Argentina and South Africa, highlight the rise of the @entity65 in regions where public health efforts have historically focused on @entity166 . This method maximizes the use of available data, providing better evidence on major causes of @entity204 to inform policymakers in allocating finite resources.

title: Improving the public health utility of global cardiovascular mortality data: the rise of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive heart disease']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic heart disease', 'ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular epidemic']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['ischemic heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oral @entity1544 (OCSCC) accounts for 2% to 3% of all @entity5 and has a high mortality rate. The majority of anticancer drugs are of natural origin. However, it is unknown whether the medicinal plant Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme) is cytotoxic towards @entity213 ( @entity213 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity137 of thyme essential oil was investigated on the @entity213 cell line, UMSCC1. The IC       of thyme essential oil extract was 369  g/ml. Moreover, we performed pharmacogenomics analyses. RESULTS: Genes involved in the cell cycle, cell death and @entity5 were involved in the cytotoxic activity of thyme essential oil at the transcriptional level. The three most significantly regulated pathways by thyme essential oil were interferon signaling, N-glycan biosynthesis and @entity6976 ( @entity6976 ) signaling. CONCLUSION: Thyme essential oil inhibits @entity1 @entity213 cell growth. Based on pharmacogenomic approaches, novel insights into the molecular mode of anticancer activity of thyme are presented.

title: @entity137 of Thymus vulgaris essential oil towards @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['cavity squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6976 :: ('5598', 'Gene') :: ['ERK5', 'extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', 'HNSCC']

answer: @entity1544 :: (MESH:D018307,Disease) :: ['oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oral @entity1544 (OCSCC) accounts for 2% to 3% of all @entity5 and has a high mortality rate. The majority of anticancer drugs are of natural origin. However, it is unknown whether the medicinal plant Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme) is cytotoxic towards @entity213 ( @entity213 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity137 of thyme essential oil was investigated on the @entity213 cell line, UMSCC1. The IC       of thyme essential oil extract was 369  g/ml. Moreover, we performed pharmacogenomics analyses. RESULTS: Genes involved in the cell cycle, cell death and @entity5 were involved in the cytotoxic activity of thyme essential oil at the transcriptional level. The three most significantly regulated pathways by thyme essential oil were interferon signaling, N-glycan biosynthesis and @entity6976 ( @entity6976 ) signaling. CONCLUSION: Thyme essential oil inhibits @entity1 @entity213 cell growth. Based on pharmacogenomic approaches, novel insights into the molecular mode of anticancer activity of thyme are presented.

title: XXXX of Thymus vulgaris essential oil towards @entity1 @entity1544 .

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Cytotoxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oral @entity1544 (OCSCC) accounts for 2% to 3% of all @entity5 and has a high mortality rate. The majority of anticancer drugs are of natural origin. However, it is unknown whether the medicinal plant Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme) is cytotoxic towards @entity213 ( @entity213 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity137 of thyme essential oil was investigated on the @entity213 cell line, UMSCC1. The IC       of thyme essential oil extract was 369  g/ml. Moreover, we performed pharmacogenomics analyses. RESULTS: Genes involved in the cell cycle, cell death and @entity5 were involved in the cytotoxic activity of thyme essential oil at the transcriptional level. The three most significantly regulated pathways by thyme essential oil were interferon signaling, N-glycan biosynthesis and @entity6976 ( @entity6976 ) signaling. CONCLUSION: Thyme essential oil inhibits @entity1 @entity213 cell growth. Based on pharmacogenomic approaches, novel insights into the molecular mode of anticancer activity of thyme are presented.

title: @entity137 of Thymus vulgaris essential oil towards XXXX @entity1544 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The feasibility and reliability of combined use of transcranial and direct cortical motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring during unruptured @entity439 surgery were evaluated. Forty-eight @entity1 with unruptured @entity438 underwent @entity135 clipping accompanied by @entity121 monitoring. MEPs were elicited successfully by transcranial electrical stimulation in all @entity1 . Direct cortical stimulation elicited MEPs in 44 @entity1 . Reduction in MEP amplitude to less than 50% of baseline was considered significant. No postoperative motor paresis occurred in 39 @entity1 in whom transcranial and direct MEPs remained unchanged. Four @entity1 in whom direct MEPs could not be recorded had no intraoperative @entity66 . Four of the other 5 @entity1 manifested significant transient direct MEP changes without transcranial MEP changes. The transient MEP changes were observed in 3 @entity1 during temporary clipping of the parent artery and in one @entity1 with inadequate clipping of an @entity438 , and were considered due to insufficiency of blood flow. Decrease or disappearance of direct MEP waves recovered immediately after re-application of the clip and release of the temporary clip. Direct MEP waves disappeared and did not recover until the end of microsurgical procedures in one @entity1 , although transcranial MEP amplitude remained at less than 50% of baseline. She developed @entity1269 postoperatively, which recovered within 6 hours. The duration of @entity432 in @entity1 with direct MEP changes was significantly longer than that in @entity1 without (p < 0.05). Direct MEP was sensitive in detecting ischemic stress to descending motor pathways during @entity439 surgery. Transcranial MEPs could be elicited in @entity1 in whom direct MEPs could not be obtained, and during periods such as craniotomy or after dural closure, in which direct MEPs could not be recorded. These findings suggest that combined transcranial and direct cortical MEP recording may improve the feasibility and reliability of MEP monitoring during unruptured @entity439 surgery.

title: Evaluation of combined use of transcranial and direct cortical motor evoked potential monitoring during unruptured XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['craniotomy and neck']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['abnormality in transcranial MEPs and no postoperative motor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['temporary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle MEP']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral aneurysms', 'middle cerebral artery aneurysm']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the 1-yr follow-up effects of inpatient rehabilitation and its prolongation with an ambulatory training program on blood pressure and metabolic risk factors in @entity1 after an @entity1187 . DESIGN: A controlled (n = 20) prospective study was undertaken. The study group consisted of 54 consecutive @entity1 participating in a 3-wk inpatient rehabilitation. Of these, 14 chose to continue the training for 3 mos (CR_In+Amb group) and 40 declined (CR_In group). RESULTS: Body mass index increased in the CR_In and control groups. The magnitude of change was greater in controls (2.2    2.14 vs. 0.7    1.70 kg/m; P < 0.05). Waist circumference increased only in the control group, and at 12 mos, it was higher than in the CR_In and CR_In+Amb groups (P < 0.05). Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased in the CR_In (from 121/76 to 130/82 mm Hg; P < 0.01) and control (from 122/74 to 139/87 mm Hg; P < 0.01) groups. At 12 mos, blood pressure in the CR_In group was lower than in the control group but higher than in the CR_In+Amb group (119/77 mm Hg; P < 0.05). Total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 level, and @entity412 level at 12 mos were higher in the control group than in the CR_In and CR_In+Amb groups (P < 0.05). @entity1851 decreased in the CR_In and CR_In+Amb groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Inpatient rehabilitation was associated with beneficial effects on blood lipids and @entity1851 in coronary @entity1 and attenuated the rise in blood pressure and adiposity indices observed in nonparticipants. Prolongation of rehabilitation with an ambulatory program improved blood pressure control.

title: Early phase 2 inpatient rehabilitation after XXXX treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: short- and long-term effects on blood pressure and metabolic parameters.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity191 @entity1 , on average, gain weight after deep brain stimulation (DBS). OBJECTIVE: To determine potential differences in @entity1017 when comparing the subthalamic nucleus and the globus pallidus internus target. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the prospective, randomized cohort of National Institutes of Health COMPARE trial DBS @entity1 who received unilateral subthalamic nucleus or globus pallidus internus DBS. Baseline weights were recorded before DBS surgery and at 6, 12, and 18 months postoperatively. Relationships between weight change and changes in Beck Depression Inventory score, Unified @entity191 Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor score (part III) (also the @entity910 duration and disability subscores from UPDRS IV), and Hoehn-Yahr stage were determined via Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficients. Regression analyses were performed to investigate the effects of potential factors on weight change over time. RESULTS: @entity1 in the COMPARE DBS cohort gained a significant amount of weight, a mean of 4.86 lb (standard deviation = 8.73) (P = .001), but there was no significant difference between subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus internus targets ( @entity1017 of 4.29    6.79 and 5.38    10.32 lb, respectively; P = .68). Weight gain did not correlate with Beck Depression Inventory score change, UPDRS motor score, @entity910 duration, @entity910 disability change, or the Hoehn-Yahr stage (P = .62, .21, and .31, respectively). No specific variable was associated with @entity1017 , and there were no differences in binge eating post-surgery in either target. CONCLUSION: There were significant changes in weight over time after DBS therapy. However, neither Beck Depression Inventory score change nor UPDRS score change or @entity910 was correlated with @entity1017 . No significant factor was associated with the weight change.

title: Weight changes in subthalamic nucleus vs globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation: results from the COMPARE XXXX deep brain stimulation cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's Disease", "Parkinson's"]

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity43 is the most @entity5 in the United States. Multiple modalities of therapy are utilized in the management of the disease. The role of surgery remains important in the treatment of this disease and is described herein. METHODS: Medline and PubMed were utilized to search the English language medical literature up to March 2010. A broad range of studies and quality of data were analyzed, including prospective studies, case control analyses, and meta-analyses. When possible, the highest level of evidence was reviewed and presented. RESULTS: For the medically fit @entity1 , optimal cytoreductive surgery positively impacts survival. For some highly selected @entity1 , there is a role for a minimally invasive approach. In the recurrent setting, factors such as interval to recurrence and the distribution of disease will determine the utility of secondary cytoreductive surgery. A subgroup of @entity1 may benefit from palliative surgical procedures in the recurrent setting. CONCLUSIONS: Despite advances in the use of chemotherapy and biologic agents, surgery remains an important modality in the diagnosis and treatment of @entity43 .

title: The role of surgery in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'Epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['deadly gynecologic cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['epithelial ovarian cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) gene therapy improves mechanical function in @entity712 and is under evaluation in a clinical trial. A critical question is whether SERCA2a gene therapy predisposes to increased sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 (SR @entity141 ) leak, cellular triggered activity, and @entity943 in the failing heart. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied the influence of SERCA2a gene therapy on ventricular arrhythmogenesis in a @entity35 @entity712 model. ECG telemetry studies revealed a significant antiarrhythmic effect of SERCA2a gene therapy with reduction of both spontaneous and @entity2922 -induced @entity943 in vivo. SERCA2a gene therapy also reduced susceptibility to reentry @entity943 in ex vivo programmed electrical stimulation studies. Subcellular @entity141 homeostasis and spontaneous SR @entity141 leak characteristics were measured in failing cardiomyocytes transfected in vivo with a novel AAV9.SERCA2a vector. SR @entity141 leak was reduced after SERCA2a gene therapy, with reversal of the greater spark mass observed in the failing myocytes, despite normalization of SR @entity141 load. SERCA2a reduced @entity8452 receptor phosphorylation, thereby resetting SR @entity141 leak threshold, leading to reduced triggered activity in vitro. Both indirect effects of reverse remodeling and direct SERCA2a effects appear to underlie the antiarrhythmic action. CONCLUSIONS: SERCA2a gene therapy stabilizes SR @entity141 load, reduces @entity8452 receptor phosphorylation and decreases SR @entity141 leak, and reduces cellular triggered activity in vitro and spontaneous and @entity2922 -induced @entity943 in vivo in failing hearts. SERCA2a gene therapy did not therefore predispose to @entity943 and may represent a novel antiarrhythmic strategy in @entity712 .

title: SERCA2a gene transfer decreases sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 leak and reduces @entity943 in a model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['chronic heart failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) gene therapy improves mechanical function in @entity712 and is under evaluation in a clinical trial. A critical question is whether SERCA2a gene therapy predisposes to increased sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 (SR @entity141 ) leak, cellular triggered activity, and @entity943 in the failing heart. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied the influence of SERCA2a gene therapy on ventricular arrhythmogenesis in a @entity35 @entity712 model. ECG telemetry studies revealed a significant antiarrhythmic effect of SERCA2a gene therapy with reduction of both spontaneous and @entity2922 -induced @entity943 in vivo. SERCA2a gene therapy also reduced susceptibility to reentry @entity943 in ex vivo programmed electrical stimulation studies. Subcellular @entity141 homeostasis and spontaneous SR @entity141 leak characteristics were measured in failing cardiomyocytes transfected in vivo with a novel AAV9.SERCA2a vector. SR @entity141 leak was reduced after SERCA2a gene therapy, with reversal of the greater spark mass observed in the failing myocytes, despite normalization of SR @entity141 load. SERCA2a reduced @entity8452 receptor phosphorylation, thereby resetting SR @entity141 leak threshold, leading to reduced triggered activity in vitro. Both indirect effects of reverse remodeling and direct SERCA2a effects appear to underlie the antiarrhythmic action. CONCLUSIONS: SERCA2a gene therapy stabilizes SR @entity141 load, reduces @entity8452 receptor phosphorylation and decreases SR @entity141 leak, and reduces cellular triggered activity in vitro and spontaneous and @entity2922 -induced @entity943 in vivo in failing hearts. SERCA2a gene therapy did not therefore predispose to @entity943 and may represent a novel antiarrhythmic strategy in @entity712 .

title: SERCA2a gene transfer decreases sarcoplasmic reticulum XXXX leak and reduces @entity943 in a model of @entity712 .

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) gene therapy improves mechanical function in @entity712 and is under evaluation in a clinical trial. A critical question is whether SERCA2a gene therapy predisposes to increased sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 (SR @entity141 ) leak, cellular triggered activity, and @entity943 in the failing heart. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied the influence of SERCA2a gene therapy on ventricular arrhythmogenesis in a @entity35 @entity712 model. ECG telemetry studies revealed a significant antiarrhythmic effect of SERCA2a gene therapy with reduction of both spontaneous and @entity2922 -induced @entity943 in vivo. SERCA2a gene therapy also reduced susceptibility to reentry @entity943 in ex vivo programmed electrical stimulation studies. Subcellular @entity141 homeostasis and spontaneous SR @entity141 leak characteristics were measured in failing cardiomyocytes transfected in vivo with a novel AAV9.SERCA2a vector. SR @entity141 leak was reduced after SERCA2a gene therapy, with reversal of the greater spark mass observed in the failing myocytes, despite normalization of SR @entity141 load. SERCA2a reduced @entity8452 receptor phosphorylation, thereby resetting SR @entity141 leak threshold, leading to reduced triggered activity in vitro. Both indirect effects of reverse remodeling and direct SERCA2a effects appear to underlie the antiarrhythmic action. CONCLUSIONS: SERCA2a gene therapy stabilizes SR @entity141 load, reduces @entity8452 receptor phosphorylation and decreases SR @entity141 leak, and reduces cellular triggered activity in vitro and spontaneous and @entity2922 -induced @entity943 in vivo in failing hearts. SERCA2a gene therapy did not therefore predispose to @entity943 and may represent a novel antiarrhythmic strategy in @entity712 .

title: SERCA2a gene transfer decreases sarcoplasmic reticulum @entity460 leak and reduces XXXX in a model of @entity712 .

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: BACKGROUD: There is yet no gold standard for making the diagnosis of acute onset @entity775 (A-AIH). Novel histological characteristics have been reported, but etiologies other than AIH could show similar histological pattern. We attempted to determine what clinical characteristics we should consider as A-AIH different from other etiologies, and to whom histological characteristics should be applied for the diagnosis. METHODS: Clinical, biochemical, immunological and pathological features of 46 @entity1 (35 @entity1 , mean age 55.9    14.2 years) with non-severe A-AIH admitted to a community hospital between 2001 and 2015 were analyzed. RESULTS: Immunoglobulin G level was normal in 28%, and anti-nuclear antibody titer was < x 80 in 28%. Liver histology of 49% showed acute form and 51% chronic one. Centrilobular @entity39 /collapse and/or plasma cell accumulation, rosette formation were characteristic for A-AIH. High levels of @entity3929 aminotranferase persisted in 21 @entity1 who could be observed for equal to or more than 4 weeks before the start of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Long persistence of high levels of ALT would be one of clinical features for considering A-AIH along with conventional features. Histological diagnostic features should be applied for such @entity1 . Guidelines for diagnosing A-AIH should be urgently drawn up. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: High level of persistent liver injury is one of clinical characteristics in treatment-na  ve acute onset XXXX : experience in a community hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity775 :: ('MESH:D019693', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune hepatitis']

answer: @entity775 :: (MESH:D019693,Disease) :: ['autoimmune hepatitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraosseous (IO) needle insertion is often utilized in the adult population for critical resuscitation purposes. Standard insertion sites include the proximal humerus and proximal tibia, for which limited comparison data are available. OBJECTIVE: This study compared the frequencies of IO first-attempt success between humeral and tibial sites in out-of-hospital @entity1167 . METHODS: This observational study was conducted in an urban setting between August 28, 2009, and October 31, 2009, and included all medical @entity1167 @entity1 for whom resuscitative efforts were performed. @entity1167 protocols stipulate that paramedics insert an IO line for initial vascular access. During the first month of the study, the proximal humerus was the preferred primary insertion site, whereas the tibia was preferred throughout the second month. The primary outcome was first-attempt success, defined as secure IO needle position in the marrow cavity and normal fluid flow. Any needle dislodgment during resuscitation was also recorded. The association between first-attempt IO success and initial IO insertion location was analyzed using a test of independent proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the difference in proportions. RESULTS: There were 88 @entity1167 @entity1 receiving IO placement, with 58 (65.9%) @entity1 receiving their initial IO attempt in the tibia. The rate of first-time IO success at the tibia was significantly higher than that observed at the humerus (89.7% vs. 60.0%; p < 0.01). There were 18 initial successes at the humerus; for six (33.3%) of these, the needle became dislodged during resuscitation, compared with 52 initial successes at the tibia, with three (5.8%) dislodgments. The rate of total success for initial IO placements was significantly lower for the humerus (40.0%) compared with that for the tibia (84.5%; p < 0.01) during resuscitation efforts. CONCLUSIONS: In this subset of @entity1 , tibial IO needle placement appeared to be a more effective insertion site than the proximal humerus. Success rates were higher with a lower incidence of needle dislodgments. Further randomized studies are required in order to validate these results.

title: Comparison of first-attempt success between tibial and humeral intraosseous insertions during out-of-hospital XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'Cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardiac arrest']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 2% @entity165 -enriched diet on @entity604 ( @entity604 ) and the serum levels of pro-oxidants and anti-oxidant enzymes, in @entity35 with experimental @entity2521 . METHODS: The @entity35 were randomized into the following groups: Group C (standart diet / periodontally healthy), Group Hc (high- @entity165 diet), Group HcP (high- @entity165 diet / @entity2521 ), Group @entity2521 (standart diet / @entity2521 ). All @entity35 were fed for 8 weeks. At 6 weeks, experimental @entity2521 was induced. At the end of the 8th week, the @entity35 were sacrificed. Histomorphometric and histopathological analysis were performed. The @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity842 (NO), @entity224 dismutase and @entity2041 peroxidase (GPX) levels in serum were measured with ELISA. RESULTS: The experiment groups exhibited increases in total @entity165 , low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein compared with the C group. The @entity165 -enriched diet induced @entity604 in the Hc group. The HcP and @entity2521 groups had more extensive @entity604 . The most polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration in periodontal tissues was found in the HcP group. @entity1865 in all experiment groups were higher than that of the C group but only in the @entity43660 group was significant. High @entity165 diet, with or without @entity2521 resulted in more decreases in GPX and more increases in NO compared to the @entity2521 group. CONCLUSION: However any additive effect of @entity165 -enriched diet to @entity604 was not found in @entity35 with ligature-induced experimental @entity2521 , these findings revealed that a @entity165 -enriched diet could lead to @entity604 and increase in periodontal @entity32 and serum pro-oxidants.

title: Is a @entity165 -Enriched Diet a Risk Factor for XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar bone loss', 'ABL']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis', 'P']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity604 :: (MESH:D016301,Disease) :: ['Alveolar Bone Loss']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 2% @entity165 -enriched diet on @entity604 ( @entity604 ) and the serum levels of pro-oxidants and anti-oxidant enzymes, in @entity35 with experimental @entity2521 . METHODS: The @entity35 were randomized into the following groups: Group C (standart diet / periodontally healthy), Group Hc (high- @entity165 diet), Group HcP (high- @entity165 diet / @entity2521 ), Group @entity2521 (standart diet / @entity2521 ). All @entity35 were fed for 8 weeks. At 6 weeks, experimental @entity2521 was induced. At the end of the 8th week, the @entity35 were sacrificed. Histomorphometric and histopathological analysis were performed. The @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity842 (NO), @entity224 dismutase and @entity2041 peroxidase (GPX) levels in serum were measured with ELISA. RESULTS: The experiment groups exhibited increases in total @entity165 , low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein compared with the C group. The @entity165 -enriched diet induced @entity604 in the Hc group. The HcP and @entity2521 groups had more extensive @entity604 . The most polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration in periodontal tissues was found in the HcP group. @entity1865 in all experiment groups were higher than that of the C group but only in the @entity43660 group was significant. High @entity165 diet, with or without @entity2521 resulted in more decreases in GPX and more increases in NO compared to the @entity2521 group. CONCLUSION: However any additive effect of @entity165 -enriched diet to @entity604 was not found in @entity35 with ligature-induced experimental @entity2521 , these findings revealed that a @entity165 -enriched diet could lead to @entity604 and increase in periodontal @entity32 and serum pro-oxidants.

title: Is a XXXX -Enriched Diet a Risk Factor for @entity604 ?

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['Cholesterol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abnormal @entity1003 after traumatic @entity1545 is a common finding. Some studies have proposed these changes as useful predictors of outcome in @entity1 with @entity542 . This study aimed at evaluating the association of the routine tests of @entity1003 within the first hours after severe @entity542 with prognosis of @entity1 with severe @entity542 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 52 @entity1 with severe @entity542 (Glasgow @entity772 Scale [GCS],  <=8) were admitted at Tabriz University Hospital for 1 year. @entity1 with major accompanying @entity130 were excluded. On admission, serum levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit as well as the platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and international normalized ratio (INR) were documented. The relation between these parameters with final outcome and also with GCS at admission, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 1 week after admission and discharge time and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) were studied. RESULTS: Thirty three @entity1 were discharged, and 19 died. There were significant negative correlations between PT, PTT, and INR with all GCS and GOS scores. These correlations were significant and positive between the platelet count and all GCS and GOS scores. Median PT, PTT, and INR were significantly higher in nonsurvivors. Median serum platelets count was significantly lower in nonsurvivors. CONCLUSION: On-admission PT, PTT, INR and platelet count may be used as predictors of outcome and prognosis of @entity1 with severe @entity542 .

title: Correlation between @entity1003 and outcome in severe XXXX in neurointensive care and @entity130 units.

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abnormal @entity1003 after traumatic @entity1545 is a common finding. Some studies have proposed these changes as useful predictors of outcome in @entity1 with @entity542 . This study aimed at evaluating the association of the routine tests of @entity1003 within the first hours after severe @entity542 with prognosis of @entity1 with severe @entity542 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 52 @entity1 with severe @entity542 (Glasgow @entity772 Scale [GCS],  <=8) were admitted at Tabriz University Hospital for 1 year. @entity1 with major accompanying @entity130 were excluded. On admission, serum levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit as well as the platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and international normalized ratio (INR) were documented. The relation between these parameters with final outcome and also with GCS at admission, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 1 week after admission and discharge time and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) were studied. RESULTS: Thirty three @entity1 were discharged, and 19 died. There were significant negative correlations between PT, PTT, and INR with all GCS and GOS scores. These correlations were significant and positive between the platelet count and all GCS and GOS scores. Median PT, PTT, and INR were significantly higher in nonsurvivors. Median serum platelets count was significantly lower in nonsurvivors. CONCLUSION: On-admission PT, PTT, INR and platelet count may be used as predictors of outcome and prognosis of @entity1 with severe @entity542 .

title: Correlation between XXXX and outcome in severe @entity542 in neurointensive care and @entity130 units.

answer: @entity1003 :: (MESH:D001778,Disease) :: ['coagulopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abnormal @entity1003 after traumatic @entity1545 is a common finding. Some studies have proposed these changes as useful predictors of outcome in @entity1 with @entity542 . This study aimed at evaluating the association of the routine tests of @entity1003 within the first hours after severe @entity542 with prognosis of @entity1 with severe @entity542 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 52 @entity1 with severe @entity542 (Glasgow @entity772 Scale [GCS],  <=8) were admitted at Tabriz University Hospital for 1 year. @entity1 with major accompanying @entity130 were excluded. On admission, serum levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit as well as the platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and international normalized ratio (INR) were documented. The relation between these parameters with final outcome and also with GCS at admission, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 1 week after admission and discharge time and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) were studied. RESULTS: Thirty three @entity1 were discharged, and 19 died. There were significant negative correlations between PT, PTT, and INR with all GCS and GOS scores. These correlations were significant and positive between the platelet count and all GCS and GOS scores. Median PT, PTT, and INR were significantly higher in nonsurvivors. Median serum platelets count was significantly lower in nonsurvivors. CONCLUSION: On-admission PT, PTT, INR and platelet count may be used as predictors of outcome and prognosis of @entity1 with severe @entity542 .

title: Correlation between @entity1003 and outcome in severe @entity542 in neurointensive care and XXXX units.

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: Cetuximab (Erbitux  ) targets the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and is approved for treatment of @entity14 . Despite wide expression of @entity470 , only a subgroup of @entity5 @entity1 responds to cetuximab therapy. In the present study we assessed the cetuximab response in vivo of 79 @entity1 @entity1 -derived xenografts originating from five @entity5 histotypes. We analysed basic @entity5 characteristics including @entity470 expression and activation, mutational status of @entity984 , @entity817 and @entity8497 , the expression of @entity470 ligands and the activation of @entity7514 ( @entity7514 ) and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor MET. Based on these results, a cetuximab response score including positive and negative factors affecting therapeutic response is proposed. Positive factors are high expression and activation of @entity470 and its ligands epiregulin or @entity1915 , negative factors are markers for downstream pathway activation independent of @entity470 . In cetuximab resistant @entity9147 @entity420 LXFA 526 and LXFA 1647, overexpression due to gene amplification and strong activation of MET was identified. Knock-down of MET by siRNA in the corresponding cell lines showed that anchorage-independent growth and migration are dependent on MET. MET knock down sensitized LXFA 526L and LXFA 1647L to EGF. Combined treatments of a MET inhibitor and cetuximab were additive. Therefore, combination therapy of cetuximab and a MET inhibitor in selected @entity2 @entity1 could be of high clinical significance.

title: Primary resistance to cetuximab in a panel of @entity1 -derived XXXX xenograft models: activation of MET as one mechanism for drug resistance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal and head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: Cetuximab (Erbitux  ) targets the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and is approved for treatment of @entity14 . Despite wide expression of @entity470 , only a subgroup of @entity5 @entity1 responds to cetuximab therapy. In the present study we assessed the cetuximab response in vivo of 79 @entity1 @entity1 -derived xenografts originating from five @entity5 histotypes. We analysed basic @entity5 characteristics including @entity470 expression and activation, mutational status of @entity984 , @entity817 and @entity8497 , the expression of @entity470 ligands and the activation of @entity7514 ( @entity7514 ) and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor MET. Based on these results, a cetuximab response score including positive and negative factors affecting therapeutic response is proposed. Positive factors are high expression and activation of @entity470 and its ligands epiregulin or @entity1915 , negative factors are markers for downstream pathway activation independent of @entity470 . In cetuximab resistant @entity9147 @entity420 LXFA 526 and LXFA 1647, overexpression due to gene amplification and strong activation of MET was identified. Knock-down of MET by siRNA in the corresponding cell lines showed that anchorage-independent growth and migration are dependent on MET. MET knock down sensitized LXFA 526L and LXFA 1647L to EGF. Combined treatments of a MET inhibitor and cetuximab were additive. Therefore, combination therapy of cetuximab and a MET inhibitor in selected @entity2 @entity1 could be of high clinical significance.

title: Primary resistance to cetuximab in a panel of XXXX -derived @entity5 xenograft models: activation of MET as one mechanism for drug resistance.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nasal closure has been shown to effectively manage severe @entity1415 refractory to other treatments in @entity1 with @entity1884 ( @entity1884 ). The nasal closure procedure may be underutilized because of its surgical @entity7319 . METHODS: This work is a retrospective review of 13 @entity1884 @entity1 treated for severe @entity1415 with nasal closure between 2005 and 2013. Operating room (OR) time, need for revision surgery, preprocedure, and @entity1415 severity score (ESS), complete blood count values, and Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) questionnaire results were collected for each @entity1 . The technique is described. We characterize a typical nasal closure @entity1 and compare outcomes based on our experience with the traditional 3-flap closure and a simplified 2-flap nasal closure procedure. RESULTS: The average candidate for nasal closure in this series had an ESS of 7.88, hemoglobin (Hgb) of 8.3 g/dL, and received multiple transfusions, @entity68 therapy, and cautery/coagulation procedures. Average ESS subsequent to nasal closure using the 2-flap method is 0.92 and mean GBI score is 56.3. Comparison of 5 @entity1 who underwent the traditional 3-flap nasal closure procedure and 8 @entity1 receiving the 2-flap nasal closure showed no significant difference in postoperative ESS or GBI metrics. Mean operating room times of the traditional and simplified methods were 3.12 hours and 1.44 hours (p = 0.0001). Mean time to first revision for 8 nasal closure @entity1 was 21.5 months. CONCLUSION: In short-term follow-up, the 2-flap procedure showed comparable effectiveness with significantly reduced complexity and operative time compared to the traditional nasal closure method.

title: Treatment of severe @entity1415 in XXXX using a two-flap nasal closure method.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis', 'postprocedure epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity7319 :: ('MESH:D030401', 'Disease') :: ['complexity and flap breakdown']

entities_list: @entity1884 :: ('MESH:D013683', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia', 'HHT']

answer: @entity1884 :: (MESH:D013683,Disease) :: ['hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nasal closure has been shown to effectively manage severe @entity1415 refractory to other treatments in @entity1 with @entity1884 ( @entity1884 ). The nasal closure procedure may be underutilized because of its surgical @entity7319 . METHODS: This work is a retrospective review of 13 @entity1884 @entity1 treated for severe @entity1415 with nasal closure between 2005 and 2013. Operating room (OR) time, need for revision surgery, preprocedure, and @entity1415 severity score (ESS), complete blood count values, and Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) questionnaire results were collected for each @entity1 . The technique is described. We characterize a typical nasal closure @entity1 and compare outcomes based on our experience with the traditional 3-flap closure and a simplified 2-flap nasal closure procedure. RESULTS: The average candidate for nasal closure in this series had an ESS of 7.88, hemoglobin (Hgb) of 8.3 g/dL, and received multiple transfusions, @entity68 therapy, and cautery/coagulation procedures. Average ESS subsequent to nasal closure using the 2-flap method is 0.92 and mean GBI score is 56.3. Comparison of 5 @entity1 who underwent the traditional 3-flap nasal closure procedure and 8 @entity1 receiving the 2-flap nasal closure showed no significant difference in postoperative ESS or GBI metrics. Mean operating room times of the traditional and simplified methods were 3.12 hours and 1.44 hours (p = 0.0001). Mean time to first revision for 8 nasal closure @entity1 was 21.5 months. CONCLUSION: In short-term follow-up, the 2-flap procedure showed comparable effectiveness with significantly reduced complexity and operative time compared to the traditional nasal closure method.

title: Treatment of severe XXXX in @entity1884 using a two-flap nasal closure method.

answer: @entity1415 :: (MESH:D004844,Disease) :: ['refractory epistaxis']


abstract: In sub-Saharan Africa rates of @entity1004 ( @entity1004 ) are high. Thus, identifying reasons for abuse is crucial in ensuring @entity1 's health. Hence, mens perception of @entity1004 was assessed, and prevalence of abuse determined. Survey of 820 married @entity1 from six urban communities in Ibadan was done using interviewer administered questionnaire. Four focus group discussions were conducted. Lifetime prevalence of perpetration of physical abuse was 25.1%, while psychological violence was 44.4%. Two hundred and forty (29.3%) had ever perpetrated @entity458 and 23.2% economic violence. At least one of these forms of violence had been perpetrated by 44.1% of the respondents. "Being rude" (66.4%) and "insufficient care of the @entity1 " (54.3%) were common justifications for @entity1004 . Motive of the abuse were "to make partner responsible" (60.3%) and "to obtain respect" (59.9%). Predictors of perpetrating violence were being in polygamous unions (OR 1.83, 95% CI: 1.11-3.03), consuming @entity167 (AOR 1.67; 95% CI: 1.10-2.53), and being Moslem (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.21-2.910). @entity1 with inadequate knowledge and negative attitudes had greater likelihood of perpetrating @entity1004 (AOR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.37-3.26 and AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.33-3.27). @entity1004 was also associated with young age. Premarital counseling on how to resolve conflict without resulting to violence and early education of @entity1 on violence to @entity1 is recommended.

title: Intimate partner violence: prevalence and perceptions of married XXXX in Ibadan, Nigeria.

entities_list: @entity1004 :: ('MESH:C563733', 'Disease') :: ['IPV', 'intimate partner violence']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'Men', 'boys', 'men']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual violence']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2633 , a relatively common dise @entity23343 , is classified among inflammatory conditions of soft tissues and is frequently associated with @entity158 . The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of radiotherapy in @entity1 with epi con dylitis humeri. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was based on the observation of 50 cases. All @entity1 were irradiated with 6-MV photons delivered in 1 Gy fraction doses, up to a total of 6 Gy, using two opposite coaxial fields. Follow-up examinations took place immediately after the treatment and at 1, 2-3, 4-6, 8-12, 19-24 and 26-30 months post-treatment. @entity158 relief, joint mobility, regional @entity4 , joint temperature and the percentage of @entity1 using analgesics were assessed. RESULTS: No adverse events were observed. The mean percentage of @entity1 with @entity158 relief was 22.8% directly after, compared to 70.2% at 8-12 months and 57.5% at 26-30 months post-treatment. A @entity2720 was by 16% of the @entity1 at one year after treatment and in 25% of the @entity1 at 26-30 months after treatment. The percentages of @entity1 with increased elbow temperature, elbow @entity4 and analgesics uptake at the respective time points were 6% and 0%, 36% and 0%, and 0% and 37%. The percentage of @entity1 reporting partial and complete @entity158 relief was 41.7% and 45.8%, and 30% and 40%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Anti-inflammatory radiotherapy of @entity1 with @entity2633 is a safe and effective method of treatment.

title: An Evaluation of Radiotherapy Effectiveness for XXXX Humeri (EPH).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2633 :: ('MESH:D013716', 'Disease') :: ['Humeral epicondylitis', 'humeral epicondylitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'elbow pain']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['decrease in joint mobility']

answer: @entity2633 :: (MESH:D013716,Disease) :: ['Epicondylitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: It is unclear whether the costs and risks of mechanical therapies make them cost-effective. We examined whether interventions such as mechanical clot removal or disruption with angioplasty are cost-effective for acute @entity385 compared with best medical therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a cost-utility analysis of @entity1 with @entity64 due to large intracranial @entity432 presenting beyond the 3-hour window for IV tPA. Model inputs for the mechanical arm were derived from Multi MERCI trial data and a recent meta-analysis. For best medical therapy, we used rates of spontaneous recanalization, ICH, and functional outcomes based on a systematic literature review. Discounted QALYs were determined by using the Markov modeling for 65-year-old @entity1 with acute @entity385 . RESULTS: On the basis of a systematic literature review, we modeled an 84% rate of recanalization with mechanical intervention and a 6.3% rate of symptomatic ICH. For best medical therapy, we modeled a spontaneous recanalization rate of 24% with a 2% rate of symptomatic ICH. Mechanical therapies were associated with a  7718 net cost and a gain of a 0.82 QALYs for each use, thus yielding a net of  9386/QALY gained. In sensitivity analyses, results were dependent on the rates of recanalization, symptomatic ICH rates, and costs of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of available data, mechanical therapies in qualified @entity1 with @entity64 beyond the window for IV tPA appear to be cost-effective. However, the inputs are not derived from randomized trials, and results are sensitive to several assumptions.

title: Is mechanical clot removal or disruption a cost-effective treatment for XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['acute stroke']


abstract: @entity7244 ( @entity7244 ) flap breast reconstruction has advantages over deep inferior epigastric perforator flap (DIEP) and muscle sparing transverse rectus abdominus myocutaneous flap (TRAM) reconstructions with less donor site morbidity and less complicated flap dissection. Not all @entity1 have an adequate @entity7244 and superficial inferior epigastric vein (SIEV) to support free tissue breast reconstruction, and dissection of the @entity7244 in all @entity1 can be time consuming. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) angiograms can be used to identify the @entity7244 and SIEV in @entity1 planning to undergo free abdominal tissue breast reconstruction and direct more efficient dissection in @entity1 with a large @entity7244 . Retrospective analysis of free abdominal tissue flap breast reconstruction from a single plastic surgeon was performed. All @entity1 undergoing free abdominal tissue breast reconstruction had a preoperative CT angiogram using a protocol for the evaluation of the abdominal wall perforating arteries. CT scans were reviewed by the surgeon preoperatively and evaluated for the presence, caliber, and image quality of the @entity7244 and SIEV. All @entity1 , regardless of CT angiogram findings, had operative dissection and evaluation of the @entity7244 and SIEV. A total of 177 free flaps were performed on 113 @entity1 who underwent preoperative CT angiogram and free abdominal tissue breast reconstruction. Of them, 64 @entity1 had bilateral breast reconstruction. Twelve @entity7244 flaps (10.6%) were performed on 12 @entity1 . During preoperative CT angiographic evaluation, 49 @entity1 (43%) were noted to have at least one visible @entity7244 , whereas only 24 of those @entity1 (21%) were felt to have an @entity7244 of adequate caliber. No flaps were lost during the postoperative period. All 12 @entity7244 flaps performed had an adequate @entity7244 when observed on preoperative CT angiogram. Overall, 50% of @entity1 found to have at least one adequate @entity7244 on CT angiogram had a single breast reconstructed with an @entity7244 flap. If the @entity7244 was not visualized on CT angiogram, no usable @entity7244 was found during surgery. Preoperative CT angiogram of the abdominal wall perforating arteries can help predict which @entity1 may have adequate anatomy for an @entity7244 -based free flap. This information may help direct more efficient dissection of the abdominal flaps by selecting out @entity1 who do not have an adequate @entity7244 .

title: Preoperative computed tomography angiogram to predict XXXX with favorable anatomy for superficial inferior epigastric artery flap breast reconstruction.

entities_list: @entity7244 :: ('MESH:D020765', 'Disease') :: ['Superficial inferior epigastric artery', 'SIEA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: From January 2002 to June 2008, 525 @entity5 were operated. Forty-two (8%) @entity5 were diaphyseal in origin. The age of the @entity1 ranged from two to 16 years. Femur was the most common site.After resection, various methods of reconstruction were adopted based on @entity5 site and availability of reconstruction options. Thirty-seven @entity1 were available for follow-up. Follow-up duration ranged from 4 months to 86 months (mean 38.3 months). Eight @entity1 succumbed to the disease. There were three local recurrences. The @entity85 Society Score ranged from 18 to 30 (mean 27). Joint-preserving intercalary resections are an oncologically safe option with gratifying functional results.

title: XXXX : options for reconstruction after intercalary resection.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant pediatric skeletal tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['Musculoskeletal Tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Paediatric diaphyseal malignant tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increasingly there is a focus on self-care strategies for both malignant and non-malignant conditions. Models of self-care interventions have focussed on the individual and less on the broader context of family and society. In many societies, decision-making and health seeking behaviours, involve family members. OBJECTIVE: To identify elements of effective family-centred self-care interventions that are likely to improve outcomes of adults living with chronic conditions. DESIGN: Review paper. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, @entity4207 , PsychInfo and Scopus between 2000-2014. REVIEW METHODS: Quantitative studies targeting @entity1 outcomes through family-centred interventions in adults were retrieved using systematic methods in January, 2015. Search terms used were: 'family', 'spouse', 'carer', 'caregiver', 'chronic', ' @entity102 ', 'self-care', 'self-management' and 'self-efficacy'. Reference lists were reviewed. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool. Data were reported using a narrative summary approach. RESULTS: Ten studies were identified. Improvements were noted in readmission rates, emergency department presentations, and @entity148 levels using family-centred interventions compared with controls. Elements of effective interventions used were a family-centred approach, active learning strategy and transitional care with appropriate follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Involving the family in self-care has shown some positive results for @entity1 with chronic conditions. The benefits of family-centred care may be more likely in specific socio-cultural contexts. LIMITATIONS: The review has year limits and further research needs to identify support for both the @entity1 and family caregivers.

title: Family-centred approaches to healthcare interventions in XXXX in adults: a quantitative systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['Academic Search Complete']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Degradation and chemical modification of RNA in @entity406 -fixed @entity982 -embedded (FFPE) samples hamper their use in expression profiling studies. This study aimed to show that useful information can be obtained by Exon-array profiling @entity5 samples. METHODS: Nineteen cervical @entity957 ( @entity957 ) and 9 @entity420 ( @entity420 ) FFPE samples (10-16-year-old) were profiled using Affymetrix Exon arrays. The gene signature derived was tested on a fresh-frozen @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) series. Exploration of biological networks involved gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Differential gene expression was confirmed using Quantigene, a multiplex bead-based alternative to qRT-PCR. RESULTS: In all, 1062 genes were higher in @entity957 vs @entity420 , and 155 genes higher in @entity420 . The 1217-gene signature correctly separated 58 @entity1149 into @entity957 and @entity420 . A gene network centered on hepatic nuclear factor and @entity43289 was identified in @entity420 , suggesting a role in glandular cell differentiation of the cervix. Quantigene analysis of the top 26 differentially expressed genes correctly partitioned cervix samples as @entity957 or @entity420 . CONCLUSION: FFPE samples can be profiled using Exon arrays to derive gene expression signatures that are sufficiently robust to be applied to independent data sets, identify novel biology and design assays for independent platform validation.

title: Exon-array profiling unlocks clinically and biologically relevant gene signatures from @entity406 -fixed paraffin-embedded XXXX samples.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['archival FFPE tumour']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['AC', 'adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Degradation and chemical modification of RNA in @entity406 -fixed @entity982 -embedded (FFPE) samples hamper their use in expression profiling studies. This study aimed to show that useful information can be obtained by Exon-array profiling @entity5 samples. METHODS: Nineteen cervical @entity957 ( @entity957 ) and 9 @entity420 ( @entity420 ) FFPE samples (10-16-year-old) were profiled using Affymetrix Exon arrays. The gene signature derived was tested on a fresh-frozen @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) series. Exploration of biological networks involved gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Differential gene expression was confirmed using Quantigene, a multiplex bead-based alternative to qRT-PCR. RESULTS: In all, 1062 genes were higher in @entity957 vs @entity420 , and 155 genes higher in @entity420 . The 1217-gene signature correctly separated 58 @entity1149 into @entity957 and @entity420 . A gene network centered on hepatic nuclear factor and @entity43289 was identified in @entity420 , suggesting a role in glandular cell differentiation of the cervix. Quantigene analysis of the top 26 differentially expressed genes correctly partitioned cervix samples as @entity957 or @entity420 . CONCLUSION: FFPE samples can be profiled using Exon arrays to derive gene expression signatures that are sufficiently robust to be applied to independent data sets, identify novel biology and design assays for independent platform validation.

title: Exon-array profiling unlocks clinically and biologically relevant gene signatures from XXXX -fixed paraffin-embedded @entity5 samples.

answer: @entity406 :: (MESH:D005557,Chemical) :: ['formalin']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the single ROI approach for the detection of hepatic @entity68 burden in @entity8674 ( @entity8674 ) @entity1 in respect to a whole liver measurement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five transverse hepatic slices were acquired by a T2* gradient-echo sequence in 101 @entity8674 @entity1 and 20 healthy subjects. The T2* value was calculated in a single region of interest (ROI) defined in the medium-hepatic slice. Moreover, the T2* value was extracted on each of the eight ROIs defined in the functionally independent segments. The mean hepatic T2* value was calculated. RESULTS: For @entity1 , the mean T2* values over segments VII and @entity797 were significantly lower. This pattern was substantially preserved in the two groups identified considering the T2* normal cutoff. All segmental T2* values were correlated with the single ROI T2* value. After the application of a correction map based on T2* fluctuations in the healthy subjects, no significant differences were found in the segmental T2* values. CONCLUSION: Hepatic T2* variations are low and due to artifacts and measurement variability. The single ROI approach can be adopted in the clinical arena, taking care to avoid the susceptibility artifacts, occurring mainly in segments VII and @entity797 .

title: Single region of interest versus multislice T2* MRI approach for the quantification of hepatic XXXX overload.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8674 :: ('MESH:D017086', 'Disease') :: ['thalassemia major', 'TM']

answer: @entity68 :: (MESH:D007501,Chemical) :: ['iron']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Teenage motherhood is relatively common in the UK, but little is known about related health inequalities in this population. We estimated cause-specific mortality risks over three decades in a nationally representative cohort. METHOD: We examined premature mortality in a 1.1% sample of all @entity1 who were teenagers in England and Wales during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s using data from the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study (ONS LS). Our primary outcome was suicide. Long-term follow-up to 31 December 2006, to a potential maximum age of 49 years, was achieved through near-complete routine linkage to national mortality records. We created a time-dependent exposure variable, with relative risks estimated according to age when @entity1 first experienced motherhood versus a reference group of those currently without @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity1 who were teenage mothers were around 30% more likely to die prematurely by any cause and almost 60% more likely to die unnaturally, whereas first-time motherhood at mature age conferred lower risk compared to @entity1 without @entity1 . Teenage motherhood was associated with a more than doubled risk of suicide [mortality rate ratio (MRR) 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30-3.83], and elevated risks of fatal @entity5 and lung were also found. Changing the reference category to first-time mothers at 20 years and above also revealed a significant elevation in risk of @entity204 . CONCLUSIONS: The complex psychosocial needs of these @entity1 require greater attention from clinicians, public health professionals, social services and policymakers. Their elevated risk of poor health outcomes may persist well beyond the actual teenage motherhood years.

title: Teenage motherhood and risk of XXXX : long-term follow-up in the ONS Longitudinal Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['accidental death']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the cervix']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['premature death']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a single intravenous dose of @entity927 in order to reduce @entity190 in total knee replacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective observational study of the administration of @entity927 in @entity1 undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty from November 2013 to February 2015, in which an autologous blood recovery system was used. The study included 98 @entity1 , distributed into two groups of 49 @entity1 according to whether or not they received intravenous @entity927 . The primary endpoint was the number of @entity1 requiring autologous transfusion from the recovery system autologous blood recovery system. RESULTS: No drop-outs were recorded during follow-up. There were no significant differences between groups as regards the preoperative and hospital variables. The mean preoperative haemoglobin and haematocrit at 24 and 48hours postoperatively were similar in both groups. The average volume of @entity548 in the autologous blood recovery system and estimated average @entity190 was lower in @entity1 who had been administered @entity927 , with significant differences. No @entity1 in the group that was administered @entity927 required blood autotransfusion. The transfusion rate was zero in the two groups. No adverse events related to the administration of @entity927 were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous administration of @entity927 , according to the described protocol, has presented a non-autotransfusion or allo-transfusion rate of 100%, with no increased incidence of @entity715 events. Thus, its use in this group of @entity1 is recommended. The indication should be individualized, its use justified in the @entity1 medical records, and informed consent is mandatory.

title: Single intravenous XXXX dose to reduce @entity190 in primary total knee replacement.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['tranexamic acid']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

answer: @entity927 :: (MESH:D014148,Chemical) :: ['tranexamic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a single intravenous dose of @entity927 in order to reduce @entity190 in total knee replacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective observational study of the administration of @entity927 in @entity1 undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty from November 2013 to February 2015, in which an autologous blood recovery system was used. The study included 98 @entity1 , distributed into two groups of 49 @entity1 according to whether or not they received intravenous @entity927 . The primary endpoint was the number of @entity1 requiring autologous transfusion from the recovery system autologous blood recovery system. RESULTS: No drop-outs were recorded during follow-up. There were no significant differences between groups as regards the preoperative and hospital variables. The mean preoperative haemoglobin and haematocrit at 24 and 48hours postoperatively were similar in both groups. The average volume of @entity548 in the autologous blood recovery system and estimated average @entity190 was lower in @entity1 who had been administered @entity927 , with significant differences. No @entity1 in the group that was administered @entity927 required blood autotransfusion. The transfusion rate was zero in the two groups. No adverse events related to the administration of @entity927 were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous administration of @entity927 , according to the described protocol, has presented a non-autotransfusion or allo-transfusion rate of 100%, with no increased incidence of @entity715 events. Thus, its use in this group of @entity1 is recommended. The indication should be individualized, its use justified in the @entity1 medical records, and informed consent is mandatory.

title: Single intravenous @entity927 dose to reduce XXXX in primary total knee replacement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity190 :: (MESH:D006473,Disease) :: ['blood loss']


abstract: Lung @entity738 are associated with numerous conditions, including inflammatory disorders, exposure to environmental pollutants, and @entity281 . @entity1096 is a chemotactic cytokine produced by macrophages, and is implicated in extracellular matrix remodeling. Furthermore, @entity1096 is up-regulated in @entity738 , and @entity1096 null @entity19 exhibit reduced @entity738 formation. Animal models currently used to investigate chronic lung @entity32 bear a pathological resemblance, but lack the chronic nature of @entity1 @entity738 . @entity505 nanoparticles are generated as byproducts of combustion. Interestingly, experimental exposures to @entity505 nanoparticles induce @entity358 . However, the recruited cellular populations and extracellular matrix gene expression profiles within these lesions have not been explored. Because of the rapid resolution of @entity738 in current animal models, the mechanisms responsible for persistence have been elusive. To overcome the limitations of previous models, we investigated whether a model using multiwall @entity505 nanoparticles would resemble chronic @entity1 lung @entity32 . We hypothesized that pulmonary exposure to multiwall @entity505 nanoparticles would induce @entity738 , elicit a macrophage and T-cell response, and mimic other @entity74 with an up-regulation of @entity1096 . This model demonstrates: (1) @entity32 , with macrophage and T-cell infiltration; (2) resemblance to the chronicity of @entity1 @entity738 , with persistence up to 90 days; and (3) a marked elevation of @entity1096 , metalloproteinases, and cell adhesion molecules in granulomatous foci isolated by laser-capture microdissection and in alveolar macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavage. The establishment of such a model provides an important platform for mechanistic studies on the persistence of @entity738 .

title: Novel @entity19 model of chronic granulomatous lung inflammation elicited by XXXX nanotubes.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous inflammation']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous disease', 'granulomas', 'granuloma']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary granuloma-like lesions']

entities_list: @entity1096 :: ('6696', 'Gene') :: ['osteopontin', 'Osteopontin']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous disorders']

entities_list: @entity505 :: ('MESH:D002244', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbon', 'carbon']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: Lung @entity738 are associated with numerous conditions, including inflammatory disorders, exposure to environmental pollutants, and @entity281 . @entity1096 is a chemotactic cytokine produced by macrophages, and is implicated in extracellular matrix remodeling. Furthermore, @entity1096 is up-regulated in @entity738 , and @entity1096 null @entity19 exhibit reduced @entity738 formation. Animal models currently used to investigate chronic lung @entity32 bear a pathological resemblance, but lack the chronic nature of @entity1 @entity738 . @entity505 nanoparticles are generated as byproducts of combustion. Interestingly, experimental exposures to @entity505 nanoparticles induce @entity358 . However, the recruited cellular populations and extracellular matrix gene expression profiles within these lesions have not been explored. Because of the rapid resolution of @entity738 in current animal models, the mechanisms responsible for persistence have been elusive. To overcome the limitations of previous models, we investigated whether a model using multiwall @entity505 nanoparticles would resemble chronic @entity1 lung @entity32 . We hypothesized that pulmonary exposure to multiwall @entity505 nanoparticles would induce @entity738 , elicit a macrophage and T-cell response, and mimic other @entity74 with an up-regulation of @entity1096 . This model demonstrates: (1) @entity32 , with macrophage and T-cell infiltration; (2) resemblance to the chronicity of @entity1 @entity738 , with persistence up to 90 days; and (3) a marked elevation of @entity1096 , metalloproteinases, and cell adhesion molecules in granulomatous foci isolated by laser-capture microdissection and in alveolar macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavage. The establishment of such a model provides an important platform for mechanistic studies on the persistence of @entity738 .

title: Novel XXXX model of chronic granulomatous lung inflammation elicited by @entity505 nanotubes.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Appropriate treatment choice for @entity3814 ( @entity3814 ) is challenging due to @entity1 heterogeneity. Using the RAND/UCLA method, an international multidisciplinary expert panel established @entity1 -specific criteria for the choice between non-surgical management (NSM), vertebroplasty (VP), and balloon kyphoplasty (BKP). OBJECTIVES: To assess the applicability of the appropriateness criteria in real-life practice. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Eight practices of experts who participated in the panel study, including 2 interventional radiologists, one internal medicine specialist, 2 neurosurgeons, and 3 orthopedic/trauma surgeons. Practices were located in Belgium, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. METHODS: Using an online data capture program, @entity1 documented the clinical profile (age, gender, previous VCFs, time since @entity174 , magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, evolution of symptoms, impact of symptoms on quality of life, @entity85 , ongoing @entity174 process, and presence of @entity358 ) and treatment choice for consecutive @entity1 who consulted them for @entity3814 . RESULTS: In total 426 @entity1 were included. BKP was the most frequently chosen treatment option (49%), followed by VP (34%) and NSM (14%). When compared with the panel recommendations, inappropriate treatment choices were rare (5% for NSM, 2% for VP, none for BKP). Treatment choice was strongly associated with the clinical variables used in the panel study. Differences in treatment decisions between interventional radiologists and surgeons were largely determined by differences in @entity1 characteristics, with time of clinical presentation being the dominant factor. LIMITATION: The study population was restricted to the practices of the @entity1 of the panel study. CONCLUSION: This international, multi-specialty utilization review showed excellent applicability of, and good adherence with RAND/UCLA-based recommendations on treatment choice in @entity3814 .

title: Treatment of XXXX : Applicability of Appropriateness Criteria in Clinical Practice.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['OVCF', 'osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformity']

answer: @entity3814 :: (MESH:D050815,Disease) :: ['Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity1 with @entity245 ( @entity245 ) can be rehabilitated if an early diagnosis and intervention is done. A negative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study utilizing routine sequences makes it difficult for the clinician to convince the family toward a long-term rehabilitation schedule. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can demonstrate deranged @entity17 in developmentally delayed @entity1 having normal routine MRI. AIM: To evaluate the role of DTI-derived metrics for assessment of deranged @entity17 in developmentally delayed @entity1 having normal routine MRI. STUDY SETTING AND DESIGN: Prospective case control observational study conducted over a cross-section of referrals at a university-based teaching institute over a period of 2 years. @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty cases of @entity245 and 15 age-sex matched controls (age group of 2-12 years) were included from those presenting voluntarily to the pediatric out- @entity1 services. Routine MRI and DTI were performed in both the groups following a standard protocol. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated in certain pre-defined regions. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Central tendency was measured for each of the metrics using mean. Inter- and intra-group comparisons were performed using t-test. RESULTS: Twenty-three regions of interest with 46 variables were included in the final analysis. Nineteen (82.60%) regions of interest showed at least one statistically significant variable, while 24 out of 46 (54.34%) variables showed statistical significance for future consideration. The important regions to be evaluated in a case of @entity245 are the corpus callosum, bilateral forceps minor and forceps major, bilateral parietal lobes, bilateral post-central gyrus, and bilateral posterior limb internal capsule (PLIC). The regions which did not show any significance are bilateral pars triangularis and right frontal lobe. Other regions remained indeterminate and need further evaluation. CONCLUSION: DTI demonstrates @entity17 in @entity1 with @entity245 , having a normal routine MRI.

title: Diagnostic value of diffusion tensor imaging derived metrics as biomarkers of cerebral changes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['myelination abnormality', 'myelination']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['DD', 'developmental delay']

answer: @entity245 :: (MESH:D002658,Disease) :: ['developmental delay']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity14752 is a group of treatable noninfective @entity74 with great clinical implications. They have a close resemblance to @entity32817 . We report the presence of significant titers of antimeasles antibody in some of our @entity1 with @entity14752 resulting in diagnostic and therapeutic problems. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 seen by us in the last 4 years with high titers (1:625 dilution) cerebrospinal fiuid (CSF) antimeasles antibody positivity were reviewed retrospectively. The data collected were assessed using SPSS- Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 15.0 (IBM corporation) software. The groups which showed elevated antimeasles antibody titers but did not have other parameters suggestive of subacute sclerosing @entity8300 (Group 2) were segregated and compared with those who had the typical features (Group 1) using Fisher's Exact Test. RESULTS: There were 33 patients with antimeasles antibody in CSF. Group 1 had 27 and Group 2 had 6 @entity1 . Group 1 had lower age, @entity73 , slow @entity2045 , less generalized @entity410 , and focal @entity410 . Group 2 @entity1 belonged to the higher age, had significant @entity716 (P = 0.02), @entity1494 (P = 0.0001). Slow @entity2045 was significant in the first group (P = 0.028), and weakness was significant in the second group (P = 0.028) and double @entity322 in the second group (P = 0.0001). Magnetic resonance imaging showed significant gray matter and cerebellar involvement in Group 2 P = 0.005 and P = 0.028, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 who show significant titers of antimeasles antibodies in the CSF but belonging to older age group with @entity716 , generalized @entity410 , double @entity322 , focal @entity2045 , and electroencephalographic and imaging noncorroborative need to be investigated for @entity14752 in view of the great prognostic and therapeutic relevance.

title: Elevated antimeasles antibody titre: An association in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures', 'tonic-clonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity32817 :: ('MESH:D012897', 'Disease') :: ['prion disease and some slow virus infections']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence of bowel and bladder']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity14752 :: ('MESH:C535841', 'Disease') :: ['Autoimmune encephalitis', 'autoimmune encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity8300 :: ('MESH:D013344', 'Disease') :: ['panencephalitis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitic disorders']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity14752 :: (MESH:C535841,Disease) :: ['autoimmune encephalitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the endoscopic burden of bariatric surgical procedures at our trust. This is an enhanced parallel study to "The Hidden Endoscopic burden of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass" published in Frontline Gastroenterology in 2013 incorporating the data for sleeve gastrectomy and comparison with @entity356 ( @entity356 ). METHODS: This is a retrospective study that included 211 @entity1 undergoing sleeve gastrectomy over a 34-month period. We utilized previously collected data for the @entity356 @entity1 cohort which included 553 @entity1 over a 29-month period. We searched our hospital endoscopic database for @entity1 who underwent post-operative endoscopy for indications related to their surgery. RESULTS: 16.6% of the sleeve gastrectomy @entity1 required post-operative endoscopy, of whom 11.4% underwent therapeutic procedures. This compares to 20.4% of the @entity356 cohort of whom 50.4% needed therapeutic procedures (P<0.001). 1.9% of sleeve gastrectomy @entity1 encountered a post-operative staple line leak and collectively required 29 endoscopic procedures. One @entity1 also developed stricturing (0.47%) requiring 18 pneumatic dilatations. 11.4% of the @entity356 cohort developed an anastomotic stricture requiring 57 balloon dilatation procedures. To date, these procedures have accumulated an equivalent cost of    159,898 in endoscopy tariffs, or    177 per @entity356 and    373 per sleeve gastrectomy performed. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery can have significant implications in terms of @entity1 morbidity and financial cost. Having a local bariatric surgery service increases the demand for endoscopic procedures in our hospital, both in investigating for and dealing with post-operative complications. Provision of extra resources and expertise needs to be taken into account.

title: The hidden endoscopic burden of sleeve gastrectomy and its comparison with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['RYGB', 'Roux-en-Y gastric bypass']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Roux-en-Y gastric bypass']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. (Labiatae) is a traditional medicine which is believed to have antispasmodic and analgesic activities. The antispasmodic action of D. kotschyi essential oil has been shown in a previous report. The objective of this research was to study antispasmodic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of D. kotschyi on ileum contractions. Hydroalcoholic extract was obtained from aerial part of D. kotschyi using percolation method. For antispasmodic studies, a portion of @entity35 ileum was suspended under 1g tension in Tyrode's solution at 37   C and gassed with @entity3612 . Effect of the D. kotschyi extract was assessed on ileum contractions induced by @entity10406 (80 mM), @entity934 ( @entity3451 , 500 nM) and electrical field stimulation (EFS). The D. kotschyi extract concentration dependently inhibited the response to @entity10406 (IC50 =36    5.1  g/ml), @entity3451 (IC50 =101    9.5  g/ml), EFS-1 (IC50 =96    7.1  g/ml) and EFS-2 (IC50 =53    4.3  g/ml). From this experiment it was concluded that D. kotschyi extract possessed potent antispasmodic activity. Therefore, identification of the active component(s) is (are) recommended in order to find the best lead compound for drug development.

title: Antispasmodic effect of Dracocephalum kotschyi hydroalcoholic extract on XXXX ileum contraction.

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is becoming the most performed bariatric procedure; however, data available on long-term follow-up are scanty. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the 5-year efficacy of LSG on @entity353 , @entity354 ( @entity354 ) symptoms, and @entity28 -associated co-morbidities. SETTING: Tertiary-care referral hospital. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed 105 @entity28 @entity1 undergoing LSG from January 2006 to December 2009. The preoperative evaluation included demographic characteristics, evaluation of co-morbidities, a double-contrast barium swallow, and an @entity344 . The following data were collected at 1, 3, and 5 years after surgery: weight, improvement/remission of co-morbidities, complications, and revisional surgery. RESULTS: According to preoperative body mass index (BMI), @entity1 were divided into Group 1 (n = 61) with BMI <=50 kg/m(2) and Group 2 (n = 44) with BMI>50 kg/m(2). The follow-up rate was 94% after 5 years (n = 99). Delta BMI (BMI at follow-up-preoperative BMI) was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 at 1-3 years and 5 years (P<.001). Furthermore, at 5 years, Group 2 showed a significantly higher percentage total @entity353 (%TWL) (26.6%  18.3% versus 33.5%  12.9%, P = .006) than Group 1, whereas percentage excess @entity353 was similar (58.4%  21.8% versus 55.3%  19.5%, P = .5).Younger age at surgery and absence of postoperative @entity354 were associated with a better %TWL at 5 years (P<.001 and P = .03). CONCLUSION: LSG is an effective procedure at long-term, with good @entity353 outcomes and with a considerable improvement of @entity28 -associated co-morbidities. Younger age at surgery and absence of postoperative @entity354 were associated with a better %TWL at 5 years.

title: Five-year results of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: effects on XXXX and co-morbidities.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Since 2000, we have given B-cell depletion therapy (BCDT) with rituximab to 76 @entity1 with active @entity1252 refractory to standard immunosuppression. Twenty-four of these @entity1 have now received repeated cycles of BCDT. The aims of the study were to: (i) assess the efficacy and safety of repeated cycles of BCDT in treating refractory @entity1252 ; and (ii) assess whether retreatment produced a more sustained clinical response. METHODS: BCDT was administered using CYC 750 mg, @entity1667 125-250 mg and rituximab 1 g given intravenously on two occasions, 2 weeks apart. @entity1 were reviewed at 1-2 monthly intervals and disease activity assessed using the BILAG activity index and serological markers. Clinical response was categorized as complete or partial remission, or no response, based on the change in BILAG scores. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity1 had sufficient data for detailed analysis. All were female; mean age 29.9 years; mean duration of follow-up 58.7 months. Two @entity1 died during follow-up and there were two infusion reactions. Disease activity was significantly reduced after both cycles of BCDT at 6 months. More @entity1 achieved disease remission after the second cycle (82 vs 61% first cycle), which was maintained in 65% at 12 months (vs 39% first cycle). The time to disease flare was significantly longer after the second cycle (P < 0.001) and 33% of our @entity1 have still not flared to date following retreatment (mean follow-up 24.5 months). CONCLUSION: Repeated cycles of BCDT with rituximab are effective in treating refractory @entity1252 and has a favourable safety profile. Retreatment may produce a more sustained clinical response.

title: The efficacy of repeated treatment with B-cell depletion therapy in XXXX : an evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although several risk factors for prolonged length of stay (LOS) and increased hospital cost have been identified, the association between LOS, hospital cost, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has not yet been investigated. We aimed to investigate the influence of NLR on LOS and hospital cost in @entity1 with acute @entity385 . METHODS: @entity1 with acute @entity385 diagnosed within 24 hours of symptom onset were included. Univariate analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to identify independent predictors of LOS and hospital cost. RESULTS: A total of 346 @entity1 were included in the final analysis. The median LOS was 11 days (range 8-13 days). The median acute hospital cost per @entity1 was 19,030.6   RMB (U.S.   3065.8) (range 14,450.8   RMB-25,218.2   RMB). Neutrophil count to lymphocyte count (NLR) (P   <   .001), @entity6 (P   =   .034), @entity64 subtype (P   =   .005), and @entity64 severity (P   <   .001) were significantly associated with prolonged LOS in the univariate analysis. NLR (P   <   .001), smoking (P   =   .04), @entity64 subtype (P   <   .001), @entity64 severity (P   <   .001), and LOS (P   <   .001) were significantly associated with increased hospital cost in the univariate analysis. Multivariate regression analysis showed that NLR was an independent predictor of both LOS and acute hospital cost. In addition, high NLR was significantly correlated with poor outcome at discharge, prolonged LOS, and increased hospital cost. CONCLUSIONS: NLR is significantly associated with LOS and acute hospital cost in @entity1 presenting with acute @entity385 . It is a simple, inexpensive, and readily available biomarker and may serve as a clinically practical indicator for assessing the economic burden of @entity64 .

title: Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Length of Stay and Acute Hospital Cost in @entity1 with Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['initial stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although several risk factors for prolonged length of stay (LOS) and increased hospital cost have been identified, the association between LOS, hospital cost, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has not yet been investigated. We aimed to investigate the influence of NLR on LOS and hospital cost in @entity1 with acute @entity385 . METHODS: @entity1 with acute @entity385 diagnosed within 24 hours of symptom onset were included. Univariate analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to identify independent predictors of LOS and hospital cost. RESULTS: A total of 346 @entity1 were included in the final analysis. The median LOS was 11 days (range 8-13 days). The median acute hospital cost per @entity1 was 19,030.6   RMB (U.S.   3065.8) (range 14,450.8   RMB-25,218.2   RMB). Neutrophil count to lymphocyte count (NLR) (P   <   .001), @entity6 (P   =   .034), @entity64 subtype (P   =   .005), and @entity64 severity (P   <   .001) were significantly associated with prolonged LOS in the univariate analysis. NLR (P   <   .001), smoking (P   =   .04), @entity64 subtype (P   <   .001), @entity64 severity (P   <   .001), and LOS (P   <   .001) were significantly associated with increased hospital cost in the univariate analysis. Multivariate regression analysis showed that NLR was an independent predictor of both LOS and acute hospital cost. In addition, high NLR was significantly correlated with poor outcome at discharge, prolonged LOS, and increased hospital cost. CONCLUSIONS: NLR is significantly associated with LOS and acute hospital cost in @entity1 presenting with acute @entity385 . It is a simple, inexpensive, and readily available biomarker and may serve as a clinically practical indicator for assessing the economic burden of @entity64 .

title: Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Length of Stay and Acute Hospital Cost in XXXX with Acute @entity385 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of @entity1470 ( @entity1470 ) cases and to discuss the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of @entity1470 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical and pathological data of eight @entity1 with @entity1470 at Istanbul Medical Faculty Hospital from 1988 to 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 31 years. The antecedent pregnancy was full-term delivery in most of the @entity1 (6/8, 75%). The mean interval from last pregnancy to diagnosis of @entity1470 was 35 months (range, six to 192). Serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels at the time of diagnosis ranged from 0.1 to 2280 mIU/ml (mean, 614). All @entity1 had Stage 1 disease and ultimately underwent hysterectomy. None of the @entity1 received adjuvant chemotherapy. One @entity1 died of an unknown reason, one month after the surgery. The rest of the @entity1 were alive and without evidence of disease after an average of 3.5 years (range, one to 11) of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Hysterectomy alone can provide long-term survival in early-stage disease.

title: XXXX : report of a tertiary center experience.

entities_list: @entity1470 :: ('MESH:D018245', 'Disease') :: ['placental site trophoblastic tumor', 'PSTT']

answer: @entity1470 :: (MESH:D018245,Disease) :: ['Placental site trophoblastic tumor']


abstract: Knowledge on parasites of the genus Besnoitia, especially Besnoitia caprae, is sparse. Besnoitia caprae, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa, is the causative agent of @entity36323 @entity7843 . This experiment was conducted to determine the infectivity of the bradyzoites and the resultant histopathological lesions after inoculation of B. caprae bradyzoites in the embryonated egg. Eight groups, each having six embryonated eggs, were assigned in this experiment. Seven groups were inoculated with different doses of B. caprae bradyzoite inoculums (1x10(3), 1x10(4), 1x10(5), 1x10(6), 5x10(6), 1x10(7) and 2x10(7)) via the @entity6675 route. The 8th group was considered as control. The embryos inoculated with higher doses showed mortality between 14 and 21 days of incubation (5-12 days post-infection). Those embryos that received lower doses were hatched on day 21 of incubation; however, they presented loss of feathers and @entity912 and showed @entity450 in the skin of the feet regions. Histopathological sections of the skin revealed the presence of @entity548 , @entity450 and @entity32 responses. Some of the @entity1573 were euthanized after 50 days postinfection (DPI) and histopathological examination of their tissues revealed @entity548 and @entity39 with the presence of mononuclear cells infiltration in the liver and heart with @entity401 . It seems that the embryonated eggs could be a useful model to study the parasite's biology.

title: Experimental infection of embryonated eggs of XXXX with Besnoitia caprae.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhages', 'hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['coagulative necrosis']

entities_list: @entity7843 :: ('MESH:D003048', 'Disease') :: ['besnoitiosis']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity6675 :: ('MESH:D020139', 'Disease') :: ['allantoic cavity']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']