abstract: @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) diets exert a @entity12233 effect at constant levels of @entity460 intake, even though the effect may depend on the nature of the dietary protein. Lower urinary pH is also consistently observed for subjects consuming @entity2101 diets. The combination of these two effects was suspected to be associated with a dietary environment favorable for demineralization of the skeleton. However, increased @entity460 excretion due to @entity2101 diet does not seem to be linked to impaired @entity460 balance. In contrast, some data indicate that @entity2101 intakes induce an increase of intestinal @entity460 absorption. Moreover, no clinical data support the hypothesis of a detrimental effect of @entity2101 diet on bone health, except in a context of inadequate @entity460 supply. In addition, @entity2101 promotes bone growth and retards @entity604 and low-protein diet is associated with higher risk of @entity173 . The increase of acid and @entity460 excretion due to @entity2101 diet is also accused of constituting a favorable environment for @entity1290 and @entity8 . However, in healthy subjects, no damaging effect of @entity2101 diets on kidney has been found in either observational or interventional studies and it seems that @entity2101 diets might be deleterious only in @entity1 with preexisting metabolic @entity8 . Thus, @entity2101 diet does not seem to lead to @entity460 @entity604 , and the role of protein seems to be complex and probably dependent on other dietary factors and the presence of other nutrients in the diet.

title: Protein intake, XXXX balance and health consequences.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal diseases', 'renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity12233 :: ('MESH:C562793', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalciuric']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['kidney stones']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['HP intake', 'HP', 'High-protein']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: Prevalence of serum antibodies for the bacterium Brucella sp. in a tropical @entity1 population. Brucellosis is a systemic bacterial disease that can last years if not treated properly. The laboratory diagnosis is made by serological tests or isolation of the agent. We studied the prevalence of antibodies against Brucella sp. in inhabitants of rural communities of Cartago, Costa Rica, who are dedicated mainly to dairy @entity291 activities. We analyzed 714 representative samples with the Rose Bengal plate agglutination test (RBT) and the @entity1062 (SAT). The overall prevalence was 0.87%. No seroconversion was demonstrated for seropositive individuals. Even though 71% of the population mentioned consuming non-pasteurized milk, no statistically significant association was found (1.09 %, IC 0.30-2.77) between milk consumption and the presence of antibodies suggestive of @entity281 by Brucella sp. As a @entity3377 high-risk population, the absence of symptoms in the population agrees with the observed titers of antibodies, suggesting a low previous exposure to the agent.

title: [Prevalence of serum antibodies for the bacterium Brucella sp. in a tropical XXXX population].

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['standard agglutination test in microplate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: AIM: Although the role of genetic polymorphisms of @entity13156 ( @entity13156 ) gene in several @entity5 has been documented, the association between polymorphisms of @entity13156 gene and @entity2 remains unknown. METHOD: We recruited 744 @entity1 histologically diagnosed as @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and 832 controls in this study. Polymorphism analysis of @entity13156 gene was performed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: The @entity534 / @entity534 genotype and @entity534 allele frequency of the @entity13159 in @entity13156 gene were significantly prevalent in @entity1149 subjects than in controls (P  <  0.05). The odd ratio (OR) for @entity1149 in @entity534 / @entity534 genotype carriers was 3.12 (95% CI: 2.25-4.56, P  =  0.0023, with @entity7647 / @entity7647 as reference). There were no significant differences in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of @entity13157 and @entity13161 in @entity13156 gene between @entity1149 cases and controls (All P  >  0.05). The @entity534 / @entity534 carriers had higher @entity5 grade and higher TNM stage. Kaplan-Mier curve showed the @entity534 / @entity534 carriers had a poor prognosis than those with @entity7647 / @entity534 and @entity7647 / @entity7647 genotype carriers. Cox proportional hazards regression models showed the hazard ratio (HR) for @entity204 associated with @entity534 / @entity534 genotype was 3.43 (95% CI: 2.45-5.92, compared with @entity7647 / @entity7647 carriers, P  =  0.002). The other two SNPs of @entity13156 gene did not show this trend in the evaluation of their role in determining the prognosis of @entity1149 subjects. CONCLUSION: The results suggest the polymorphisms of @entity13159 , rather than @entity13157 and @entity13161 , may be used as a molecular marker for progression and prognosis of @entity1149 .

title: The role of @entity13156 gene polymorphisms in determining the susceptibility and prognosis of XXXX in Chinese @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity13156 :: ('3953', 'Gene') :: ['leptin receptor', 'LEPR']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity13159 :: ('p|SUB|Q|223|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Gln223Arg']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity13161 :: ('p|SUB|K|656|N', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Lys656Asn']

entities_list: @entity13157 :: ('p|SUB|K|109|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Lys109Arg']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['NSCLC']


abstract: AIM: Although the role of genetic polymorphisms of @entity13156 ( @entity13156 ) gene in several @entity5 has been documented, the association between polymorphisms of @entity13156 gene and @entity2 remains unknown. METHOD: We recruited 744 @entity1 histologically diagnosed as @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and 832 controls in this study. Polymorphism analysis of @entity13156 gene was performed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: The @entity534 / @entity534 genotype and @entity534 allele frequency of the @entity13159 in @entity13156 gene were significantly prevalent in @entity1149 subjects than in controls (P  <  0.05). The odd ratio (OR) for @entity1149 in @entity534 / @entity534 genotype carriers was 3.12 (95% CI: 2.25-4.56, P  =  0.0023, with @entity7647 / @entity7647 as reference). There were no significant differences in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of @entity13157 and @entity13161 in @entity13156 gene between @entity1149 cases and controls (All P  >  0.05). The @entity534 / @entity534 carriers had higher @entity5 grade and higher TNM stage. Kaplan-Mier curve showed the @entity534 / @entity534 carriers had a poor prognosis than those with @entity7647 / @entity534 and @entity7647 / @entity7647 genotype carriers. Cox proportional hazards regression models showed the hazard ratio (HR) for @entity204 associated with @entity534 / @entity534 genotype was 3.43 (95% CI: 2.45-5.92, compared with @entity7647 / @entity7647 carriers, P  =  0.002). The other two SNPs of @entity13156 gene did not show this trend in the evaluation of their role in determining the prognosis of @entity1149 subjects. CONCLUSION: The results suggest the polymorphisms of @entity13159 , rather than @entity13157 and @entity13161 , may be used as a molecular marker for progression and prognosis of @entity1149 .

title: The role of XXXX gene polymorphisms in determining the susceptibility and prognosis of @entity1149 in Chinese @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity13156 :: (3953,Gene) :: ['leptin receptor']


abstract: AIM: Although the role of genetic polymorphisms of @entity13156 ( @entity13156 ) gene in several @entity5 has been documented, the association between polymorphisms of @entity13156 gene and @entity2 remains unknown. METHOD: We recruited 744 @entity1 histologically diagnosed as @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) and 832 controls in this study. Polymorphism analysis of @entity13156 gene was performed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: The @entity534 / @entity534 genotype and @entity534 allele frequency of the @entity13159 in @entity13156 gene were significantly prevalent in @entity1149 subjects than in controls (P  <  0.05). The odd ratio (OR) for @entity1149 in @entity534 / @entity534 genotype carriers was 3.12 (95% CI: 2.25-4.56, P  =  0.0023, with @entity7647 / @entity7647 as reference). There were no significant differences in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of @entity13157 and @entity13161 in @entity13156 gene between @entity1149 cases and controls (All P  >  0.05). The @entity534 / @entity534 carriers had higher @entity5 grade and higher TNM stage. Kaplan-Mier curve showed the @entity534 / @entity534 carriers had a poor prognosis than those with @entity7647 / @entity534 and @entity7647 / @entity7647 genotype carriers. Cox proportional hazards regression models showed the hazard ratio (HR) for @entity204 associated with @entity534 / @entity534 genotype was 3.43 (95% CI: 2.45-5.92, compared with @entity7647 / @entity7647 carriers, P  =  0.002). The other two SNPs of @entity13156 gene did not show this trend in the evaluation of their role in determining the prognosis of @entity1149 subjects. CONCLUSION: The results suggest the polymorphisms of @entity13159 , rather than @entity13157 and @entity13161 , may be used as a molecular marker for progression and prognosis of @entity1149 .

title: The role of @entity13156 gene polymorphisms in determining the susceptibility and prognosis of @entity1149 in Chinese XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: This systematic review outlines current evidence regarding the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques for @entity5 and addresses practical implementation issues. METHODS: A search of electronic databases identified systematic reviews and @entity23 ( @entity23 ) evaluating the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques in the setting of @entity5 . An environmental scan was completed via the internet to identify practice guidelines and resource documents addressing organizational and implementation issues in the delivery of intraspinal analgesia. Elements reviewed included @entity1 selection, contraindications, monitoring, aftercare, follow-up, hospital discharge equipment, health personnel, @entity1 education, and safety. MAIN RESULTS: Three systematic reviews, three consensus conferences, and 12 @entity23 met the inclusion criteria for evidence of effectiveness. No single systematic review or consensus conference included all relevant @entity23 or specifically addressed the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity5 . Six @entity23 compared intraspinal techniques alone or combined with other interventions alone or in combination, four compared different intraspinal medications, and two compared different intraspinal techniques. In general, the evidence supported the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity5 management. The two main indications consistently identified were intractable @entity158 not controlled by other conventional medical routes and/or side effects from conventional @entity158 management strategies preventing dose escalation. Reports indicate intraspinal analgesia is equally or more effective than conventional medical management and often associated with fewer side effects. Thirteen resource documents addressed issues surrounding the delivery of intraspinal analgesia and program implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Intraspinal techniques monitored by an interprofessional health care team should be included as part of a comprehensive @entity5 management program.

title: Intraspinal techniques for XXXX management in @entity5 @entity1 : a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer pain']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['randomized controlled trials', 'RCTs']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: This systematic review outlines current evidence regarding the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques for @entity5 and addresses practical implementation issues. METHODS: A search of electronic databases identified systematic reviews and @entity23 ( @entity23 ) evaluating the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques in the setting of @entity5 . An environmental scan was completed via the internet to identify practice guidelines and resource documents addressing organizational and implementation issues in the delivery of intraspinal analgesia. Elements reviewed included @entity1 selection, contraindications, monitoring, aftercare, follow-up, hospital discharge equipment, health personnel, @entity1 education, and safety. MAIN RESULTS: Three systematic reviews, three consensus conferences, and 12 @entity23 met the inclusion criteria for evidence of effectiveness. No single systematic review or consensus conference included all relevant @entity23 or specifically addressed the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity5 . Six @entity23 compared intraspinal techniques alone or combined with other interventions alone or in combination, four compared different intraspinal medications, and two compared different intraspinal techniques. In general, the evidence supported the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity5 management. The two main indications consistently identified were intractable @entity158 not controlled by other conventional medical routes and/or side effects from conventional @entity158 management strategies preventing dose escalation. Reports indicate intraspinal analgesia is equally or more effective than conventional medical management and often associated with fewer side effects. Thirteen resource documents addressed issues surrounding the delivery of intraspinal analgesia and program implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Intraspinal techniques monitored by an interprofessional health care team should be included as part of a comprehensive @entity5 management program.

title: Intraspinal techniques for @entity158 management in XXXX @entity1 : a systematic review.

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: This systematic review outlines current evidence regarding the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques for @entity5 and addresses practical implementation issues. METHODS: A search of electronic databases identified systematic reviews and @entity23 ( @entity23 ) evaluating the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques in the setting of @entity5 . An environmental scan was completed via the internet to identify practice guidelines and resource documents addressing organizational and implementation issues in the delivery of intraspinal analgesia. Elements reviewed included @entity1 selection, contraindications, monitoring, aftercare, follow-up, hospital discharge equipment, health personnel, @entity1 education, and safety. MAIN RESULTS: Three systematic reviews, three consensus conferences, and 12 @entity23 met the inclusion criteria for evidence of effectiveness. No single systematic review or consensus conference included all relevant @entity23 or specifically addressed the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity5 . Six @entity23 compared intraspinal techniques alone or combined with other interventions alone or in combination, four compared different intraspinal medications, and two compared different intraspinal techniques. In general, the evidence supported the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity5 management. The two main indications consistently identified were intractable @entity158 not controlled by other conventional medical routes and/or side effects from conventional @entity158 management strategies preventing dose escalation. Reports indicate intraspinal analgesia is equally or more effective than conventional medical management and often associated with fewer side effects. Thirteen resource documents addressed issues surrounding the delivery of intraspinal analgesia and program implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Intraspinal techniques monitored by an interprofessional health care team should be included as part of a comprehensive @entity5 management program.

title: Intraspinal techniques for @entity158 management in @entity5 XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Embolization of atherothrombotic material is common during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute @entity583 ( @entity583 ). This may lead to @entity432 resulting in @entity296 , which is associated with larger infarct size and increased mortality. Adjunctive devices for PCI to protect the microcirculation have been developed. We intend to determine whether aspiration of @entity715 material before stent implantation of the infarct-related coronary artery results in improved myocardial perfusion compared with conventional primary PCI. STUDY DESIGN: TAPAS is a single-center, prospective, randomized trial with a planned inclusion of 1080 @entity1 with @entity583 . @entity1 are assigned to treatment with @entity715 aspiration with the 6F Export Aspiration Catheter (Medtronic Corporation, Santa Rosa, @entity2948 ) or to balloon angioplasty before stent implantation in the @entity1188 . All @entity1 will be treated medically according to current international guidelines including glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors before PCI. Randomization will be performed before coronary angiography. The primary end point is angiographic myocardial blush grade of <2. Secondary end points are enzymatic infarct size, ST-segment elevation resolution and persistent ST-segment elevation, postprocedural distal embolization, and Major Adverse Cardiac Events at 30 days and 1 year. IMPLICATIONS: If @entity715 aspiration significantly improves myocardial perfusion, it will lend support to the use of this treatment as part of the standard approach in @entity1 with @entity583 .

title: Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute XXXX Study (TAPAS)--study design.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['impaired myocardial perfusion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct-related artery']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['distal vessel occlusion']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['ST-elevation MI', 'acute MI', 'myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Observational data suggest that the diffuse inflammatory nature of @entity301 may be expressed by the presence of unstable coronary lesions in multiple vessels in @entity1 with @entity583 . The aim of our study was to investigate the existence of complex lesions in nonculprit vessels in @entity1 with ST-elevation @entity583 and to assess their clinical and functional significance. METHODS: We evaluated 974 non-infarct-related arteries (nIRAs) in 439 @entity1 presenting within 6 hours of acute ST-elevation @entity583 . Coronary angiograms and electrocardiograms (ECGs) were obtained 60 minutes after fibrinolysis and systematically analyzed in core angiographic and ECG laboratories. Complex lesions in nIRA were identified according to prior criteria, that is, stenosis > 50% with one of the following: overhanging edges, markedly irregular borders, @entity1066 , or @entity715 . RESULTS: Complex lesions were identified in 85 (8.7%) of 974 nIRAs. Seventy-three (16.7%) of 439 @entity1 had at least 1 complex lesion in a nIRA, with 10 of the 73 @entity1 having > 1 nIRA affected. There were no differences in baseline total ST deviation on the qualifying ECG between @entity1 with or without nIRA complex lesions. TIMI 3 flow in nIRAs occurred less frequently in vessels with complex lesions (50.8% vs 81.5%, P < .001), a difference maintained when nIRAs with stenosis between 50% and 99% were analyzed (P < .006). @entity1 with nIRA complex lesions had a higher inhospital incidence of @entity712 (16.4% vs 6.3%, P = .007) and a trend toward more recurrent @entity63 (13.7% vs 7.4%, P = .102). CONCLUSION: These findings provide new evidence supportive of the concept that active coronary lesions occur simultaneously in > 1 vessel, while also attesting to their functional and clinical significance.

title: What is the frequency and functional and clinical significance of complex lesions in non-infarct-related arteries after fibrinolysis for acute ST-elevation XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Platelet-initiated acute @entity715 and coronary embolization are fundamental in the pathophysiology of complications during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Cangrelor (formerly @entity37502 ) is a novel, rapidly acting, intravenous, specific antagonist of @entity1423 via binding to the @entity857 ( @entity857 ) P2Y12 receptor subtype. The primary aims of this study were to assess the initial safety and pharmacodynamics of cangrelor in @entity1 undergoing PCI. METHODS: In part 1, @entity1 undergoing PCI were randomized to an 18- to 24-hour of either placebo, 1-, 2-, or 4-microg/kg per minute cangrelor in addition to aspirin and heparin beginning before PCI. In part 2, @entity1 were randomized to receive either cangrelor (4 microg/kg per minute) or abciximab before PCI. The primary end point was the composite incidence of major and @entity548 through 7 days. Secondary end points included the occurrence of major adverse coronary events ( @entity204 , MI, and unplanned repeat coronary intervention) through 30 days plus ex vivo @entity1423 and @entity548 times. RESULTS: Two hundred @entity1 (3 dosage groups and placebo) were studied in part 1, and 199 additional @entity1 were then randomized in the second part, comparing 1 dose of cangrelor and abciximab. Combined major and @entity548 occurred in 13% of those receiving cangrelor and in 8% in those randomized to placebo (P = non significant [NS]) during part 1 and in 7% receiving cangrelor compared with 10% randomized to abciximab (P = NS), during part 2. The 30-day composite incidence of adverse @entity299 was similar between those receiving cangrelor and those receiving abciximab during part 2 (7.6% vs 5.3%, respectively, P = NS). Mean inhibition of ex vivo @entity1423 in response to 3 micromol/L @entity857 at steady state was 100% for both cangrelor 4 microg/kg per minute and abciximab groups in part 2. After termination of infusion, @entity1423 returned to baseline response more rapidly with cangrelor compared with abciximab. There was a trend toward longer @entity548 time prolongation and lower platelet count with abciximab compared with cangrelor. CONCLUSIONS: This initial experience with intravenous cangrelor during PCI suggests an acceptable risk of @entity548 and adverse @entity299 while achieving rapid, reversible @entity1423 via competitive binding to the @entity857 P2Y12 platelet receptor with less prolongation of @entity548 time then the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist abciximab.

title: Initial experience with an intravenous P2Y12 platelet receptor antagonist in XXXX undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: results from a 2-part, phase II, multicenter, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'minor bleeding']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['ADP', 'adenosine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation', 'inhibition of platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity209 ( @entity15 ) is associated with late-onset @entity6 . However, diagnostic criteria for individual components of @entity15 are based on categorical/arbitrary cut points and, therefore, do not exploit the information yield of each factor. We aimed to generate a diagnostic score for @entity15 ( @entity15 ), aimed at predicting @entity6 by giving appropriate weight to the individual components of @entity15 . METHODS: Of 11,323 @entity1 with prior @entity583 and followed up for 3.5 years in the GISSI-Prevenzione study, 3855 subjects with @entity6 at baseline or missing information for relevant variables were excluded. A Cox proportional hazards model including age, sex, glycemia, high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , @entity1674 , @entity101 , and body mass index was fitted to create a diagnostic score. A cutoff point of 28 of the score was the best compromise between sensitivity and specificity for @entity15 diagnosis ( @entity15 ). The prognostic performance of the @entity15 was compared with that of the diagnostic criteria of @entity15 , as defined by National @entity165 Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III ( @entity15 - @entity855 ). RESULTS: Of 7468 @entity1 , 940 developed @entity6 . The risk of getting @entity6 significantly and progressively increased in the quintiles of the score reaching > 6-fold higher risk in the last one. The predictive capability of @entity15 was significantly higher than that of the @entity15 - @entity855 (AUC = 0.650 vs 0.587, sensitivity 67% vs 52%, specificity 63% vs 66%, P = .0002). The @entity15 , but not the @entity15 - @entity855 , was significantly associated with mortality. CONCLUSION: @entity15 improves the prediction of @entity6 development by using the full informative content of individual components for diagnosis of @entity15 .

title: A clinically practicable diagnostic score for @entity209 improves its predictivity of XXXX : the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico (GISSI)-Prevenzione scoring.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['Metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity209 ( @entity15 ) is associated with late-onset @entity6 . However, diagnostic criteria for individual components of @entity15 are based on categorical/arbitrary cut points and, therefore, do not exploit the information yield of each factor. We aimed to generate a diagnostic score for @entity15 ( @entity15 ), aimed at predicting @entity6 by giving appropriate weight to the individual components of @entity15 . METHODS: Of 11,323 @entity1 with prior @entity583 and followed up for 3.5 years in the GISSI-Prevenzione study, 3855 subjects with @entity6 at baseline or missing information for relevant variables were excluded. A Cox proportional hazards model including age, sex, glycemia, high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , @entity1674 , @entity101 , and body mass index was fitted to create a diagnostic score. A cutoff point of 28 of the score was the best compromise between sensitivity and specificity for @entity15 diagnosis ( @entity15 ). The prognostic performance of the @entity15 was compared with that of the diagnostic criteria of @entity15 , as defined by National @entity165 Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III ( @entity15 - @entity855 ). RESULTS: Of 7468 @entity1 , 940 developed @entity6 . The risk of getting @entity6 significantly and progressively increased in the quintiles of the score reaching > 6-fold higher risk in the last one. The predictive capability of @entity15 was significantly higher than that of the @entity15 - @entity855 (AUC = 0.650 vs 0.587, sensitivity 67% vs 52%, specificity 63% vs 66%, P = .0002). The @entity15 , but not the @entity15 - @entity855 , was significantly associated with mortality. CONCLUSION: @entity15 improves the prediction of @entity6 development by using the full informative content of individual components for diagnosis of @entity15 .

title: A clinically practicable diagnostic score for XXXX improves its predictivity of @entity6 : the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico (GISSI)-Prevenzione scoring.

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['metabolic syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is substantial evidence from clinical trials that lowering low-density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C) reduces cardiovascular risk. There is less evidence for the salutatory effects of raising high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (HDL-C). The predictive strength of an initial HDL-C measurement and its change over time for major adverse coronary events is not well understood. METHODS: We identified a cohort of all 6928 @entity1 in an urban primary care practice who had two or more lipid measurements between January 1985 and December 1997. We used bivariable and multivariable (Cox proportional hazards) techniques to identify independent predictors of subsequent major adverse coronary events (hospitalization for @entity583 or @entity1187 ) after the second set of lipid measurements. RESULTS: The time between first and second lipid measurements averaged 2.6 years. During a mean of 5.1 +/- 3.2 years of observation after their second lipid measurements, 2167 (31%) @entity1 had an acute coronary event. @entity1 having events were significantly older, more often white, male, and smokers and more often had antecedent @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity301 , and @entity583 . Adjusting for covariates, a 10-mg/dL higher initial HDL-C was associated with an 11% (95% CI 7%-14%) lower risk of coronary events. A 10-mg/dL increase in HDL-C between lipid measurements was associated with a 7% (95% CI 3%-10%) lower risk of events. Neither initial or change in @entity1674 nor LDL-C predicted subsequent coronary events. CONCLUSION: High-density lipoprotein @entity165 measurements and change in HDL-C predicted major adverse coronary events in this urban practice, which provides support studying interventions targeting HDL-C for cardiovascular risk reduction.

title: The independent correlation between high-density lipoprotein XXXX and subsequent major adverse coronary events.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']


abstract: Neurogenesis in the embryo involves many signaling pathways and transcriptional programs and an elaborate orchestration of cell cycle exit in differentiating precursors. However, while the neurons differentiate into a plethora of different subtypes and different identities, they also presume a highly polar structure with a particular morphology of the cytoskeleton, thereby making it almost impossible for any differentiated cell to re-enter the cell cycle. It has been observed that dysregulated or forced cell cycle reentry is closely linked to @entity179 and apoptosis in neurons, most likely through changes in the neurocytoskeleton. However, proliferative cells still exist within the nervous system, and adult neural stem cells (NSCs) have been identified in the Central Nervous System (CNS) in the past decade, raising a great stir in the neuroscience community. NSCs present a new therapeutic potential, and much effort has since gone into understanding the molecular mechanisms driving differentiation of specific neuronal lineages, such as dopaminergic neurons, for use in regenerative medicine, either through transplanted NSCs or manipulation of existing ones. Nevertheless, differentiation and proliferation are two sides of the same coin, just like tumorigenesis and degeneration. @entity5 formation may be regarded as a de-differentiation of tissues, where cell cycle mechanisms are reactivated in differentiated cell types. It is thus important to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying various @entity1313 in this perspective. The recent Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) hypothesis also suggests the presence of @entity1313 Initiating Cells (BTICs) within a @entity5 population, although the exact origin of these rare and mostly elusive BTICs are yet to be identified. This review attempts to investigate the correlation of neural stem cells/precursors, mature neurons, BTICs and @entity1313 with respect to cell cycle regulation and the impact of cell cycle in @entity179 .

title: From birth till death: neurogenesis, cell cycle, and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['Brain Tumor', 'brain tumors']

answer: @entity179 :: (MESH:D019636,Disease) :: ['neurodegeneration']


abstract: AIM: To obtain recombinant @entity1 defensin alpha(HDalpha) and detect its biological activity, so as to facilitate further research. METHODS: The HDalpha gene fragment with @entity8696 cleavage site was synthesized, and then cloned into pBV220- @entity3646 vector to construct pBV220- @entity3646 -HDalpha. The constructed vector which was confirmed to be correct by sequencing was transformed into @entity27600 alpha and the @entity3646 -HDalpha fusion protein was expressed under temperature induction. After fusion protein was cleaved to remove @entity3646 by @entity8696 , purification and renaturation was performed. HDalpha's characteristics were identified by @entity214 -PAGE and bioactivity detection. RESULTS: After temperature induction, the expressed fusion protein which accounted for about 20% of total bacterial protein existed mainly in the form of inclusion body. After cleaving by @entity8696 , the purity of obtained HDalpha was about 99.8%. Bacteriostatic test and clone forming test showed that recombinant HDalpha could obviously inhibit the growth of bacteria. CONCLUSION: The recombinant expression plasmid for HDalpha gene has been constructed successfully and obtained engineering bacteria can stably express target protein. Furthermore, techniques of purification and renaturation was set out, which lays the foundation for further functional study and application of HDalpha.

title: [Fusion expression, purification and bioactivity detection of XXXX defensinalpha (HDalpha)].

entities_list: @entity8696 :: ('MESH:D019811', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxylamine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Monogenic @entity8649 are disorders of Mendelian inheritance that are characterized by mutations in genes that regulate innate immunity and whose typical features are systemic @entity32 without high-titer autoantibodies or antigen-specific T cells. Skin and @entity4421 in the newborn period have been described in 3 of these autoinflammatory disorders: neonatal-onset multisystem @entity32 , @entity70842 , and deficiency of @entity1193 (DIRA) syndrome. This study was undertaken to present the characteristics of the @entity62770 in 2 cases from Brazil, and describe a novel mutation in @entity1193 . METHODS: Two unrelated Brazilian @entity1 were evaluated for the clinical signs and symptoms of these 3 disorders, and peripheral blood samples were assessed for mutations in @entity5704 , @entity35393 , and @entity1193 by DNA resequencing analysis. A mutation in @entity1193 that encodes a mutant protein was identified, and the expression and function of this mutant protein were compared to those of the wild-type protein. RESULTS: Both @entity1 presented with @entity1909 resembling @entity1569 , recurrent multifocal @entity4034 , and elevation in the levels of acute-phase reactants, all of which are features most consistent with the @entity62770 . @entity1030 was observed in 1 of the @entity1 , and @entity49 was observed in the other @entity1 . Both @entity1 showed a partial response to corticosteroid therapy, and 1 @entity1 experienced an initial improvement of @entity1909 with the use of @entity14028 . Both @entity1 were homozygous for a novel 15-bp (in-frame) deletion on the @entity1193 gene. The mutated protein expressed in vitro had no affinity with the IL-1 receptor, and stimulation of the @entity1 ' cells with recombinant @entity1 @entity1192 or @entity1356 led to oversecretion of proinflammatory cytokines, similar to the findings obtained in previously reported @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The presence of the same homozygous novel mutation in @entity1193 in 2 unrelated Brazilian @entity1 suggests that this genetic variant may be a founder mutation that has been introduced in the Brazilian population.

title: A novel mutation of XXXX in the deficiency of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist syndrome: description of two unrelated cases from Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'inflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity14028 :: ('MESH:D017255', 'Chemical') :: ['acitretin']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['pustular dermatitis', 'dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['generalized pustular psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity1193 :: ('3557', 'Gene') :: ['IL1RN', 'interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['jugular venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity70842 :: ('MESH:C537839', 'Disease') :: ['Majeed syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4421 :: ('MESH:D010000', 'Disease') :: ['bone inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic lung disease']

entities_list: @entity8649 :: ('MESH:D056660', 'Disease') :: ['autoinflammatory diseases']

entities_list: @entity62770 :: ('OMIM:612852', 'Disease') :: ['DIRA syndrome']

answer: @entity1193 :: (3557,Gene) :: ['IL1RN']


abstract: @entity1862 (HU), an orally administered chemotherapy, has become the de facto standard chemotherapeutic agent in @entity1 with surgically and radiation refractory @entity1653 based on a limited literature. A retrospective case series of 35 @entity1 with recurrent WHO Grade 2 (n = 22) or 3 (n = 13) @entity1653 treated with HU following progression after surgery and radiotherapy was collated with primary study objectives of overall response rate, median and progression free survival (PFS) at 6-months. Thirty-five @entity1 (25 @entity1 ; 10 @entity1 : median age 63 years, range 34-86) with recurrent high-grade @entity1653 were treated with HU (1,000 mg/m(2) orally divided twice per day; one cycle operationally defined as 4 weeks of daily HU). @entity1 had progressed radiographically after prior therapy with surgery (35/35) and radiotherapy (35/35: external beam radiotherapy 35/35; stereotactic radiotherapy 35/35). No @entity1 received prior chemotherapy or targeted therapy before instituting HU. @entity1 received 0.5-7 cycles (median 2.0) of HU with modest @entity137 (28.5% all grades and 8.5% grade 3+ @entity417 or @entity1295 ). There were no radiographic responses, 43% of @entity1 had stable disease and 57% manifested progressive disease at first evaluation. The overall PFS was 3.0% at 6 months (median PFS 2.0 months; 95% CI 1.6-2.4). The majority of @entity1 (80%) following progression on HU were subsequently treated on an investigational trial. In this retrospective series, HU though well tolerated and convenient appeared to have very limited activity, raise questions of what constitutes effective salvage therapy and indicates an unmet need for alternative treatments for recurrent high-grade @entity1653 .

title: @entity1862 for recurrent surgery and radiation refractory high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['meningioma', 'meningiomas']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['meningioma']


abstract: @entity1862 (HU), an orally administered chemotherapy, has become the de facto standard chemotherapeutic agent in @entity1 with surgically and radiation refractory @entity1653 based on a limited literature. A retrospective case series of 35 @entity1 with recurrent WHO Grade 2 (n = 22) or 3 (n = 13) @entity1653 treated with HU following progression after surgery and radiotherapy was collated with primary study objectives of overall response rate, median and progression free survival (PFS) at 6-months. Thirty-five @entity1 (25 @entity1 ; 10 @entity1 : median age 63 years, range 34-86) with recurrent high-grade @entity1653 were treated with HU (1,000 mg/m(2) orally divided twice per day; one cycle operationally defined as 4 weeks of daily HU). @entity1 had progressed radiographically after prior therapy with surgery (35/35) and radiotherapy (35/35: external beam radiotherapy 35/35; stereotactic radiotherapy 35/35). No @entity1 received prior chemotherapy or targeted therapy before instituting HU. @entity1 received 0.5-7 cycles (median 2.0) of HU with modest @entity137 (28.5% all grades and 8.5% grade 3+ @entity417 or @entity1295 ). There were no radiographic responses, 43% of @entity1 had stable disease and 57% manifested progressive disease at first evaluation. The overall PFS was 3.0% at 6 months (median PFS 2.0 months; 95% CI 1.6-2.4). The majority of @entity1 (80%) following progression on HU were subsequently treated on an investigational trial. In this retrospective series, HU though well tolerated and convenient appeared to have very limited activity, raise questions of what constitutes effective salvage therapy and indicates an unmet need for alternative treatments for recurrent high-grade @entity1653 .

title: XXXX for recurrent surgery and radiation refractory high-grade @entity1653 .

answer: @entity1862 :: (MESH:D006918,Chemical) :: ['Hydroxyurea']


abstract: AIM: To establish the incidence of the axillary lymph node @entity3 in @entity0 and some anatomo-clinical correlations useful for surgical act orientation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The data from 450 @entity1 , who underwent surgery for @entity0 between 2000 and 2007, were analyzed statistically according to some parameters: the age of the @entity1 , the size and the location of the @entity5 , the hystopathological type, the elapsed time from the discovery of the @entity5 until surgery. RESULTS: The tumoral stage was: stage 0--1.1%, I--7.11%, II--50.67%, III--33.78%, IV--7.33%. From the total amount of @entity1 who underwent surgery, only 56.44% had axillary lymph node @entity3 . The @entity1 in the forth decade of life had more frequently axillary lymph node involvement, and also those from rural habitat (65.88%). The correlation between @entity5 dimension and lymph node involvement was: <2 cm--1.36%, 2-5 cm--48.71%, >5 cm--86.67%. The palpation of the armpit was associated in almost a quarter of cases with false negative or false positive diagnosis. There are a lot of locally advanced cases without axillary lymph node @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Axillary lymph node status is strongly correlated with the @entity5 dimension and the elapsed time between diagnosis and treatment. The numerous cases of axillary lymphadenectomy without lymph node @entity3 (43.55%), even in locally advanced cases, advocate for a wider application of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy, to avoid the pathology associated with those axillary dissections.

title: [Axillary lymph node @entity3 in XXXX . Anatomo-clinical correlation and surgical approach].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: AIM: To establish the incidence of the axillary lymph node @entity3 in @entity0 and some anatomo-clinical correlations useful for surgical act orientation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The data from 450 @entity1 , who underwent surgery for @entity0 between 2000 and 2007, were analyzed statistically according to some parameters: the age of the @entity1 , the size and the location of the @entity5 , the hystopathological type, the elapsed time from the discovery of the @entity5 until surgery. RESULTS: The tumoral stage was: stage 0--1.1%, I--7.11%, II--50.67%, III--33.78%, IV--7.33%. From the total amount of @entity1 who underwent surgery, only 56.44% had axillary lymph node @entity3 . The @entity1 in the forth decade of life had more frequently axillary lymph node involvement, and also those from rural habitat (65.88%). The correlation between @entity5 dimension and lymph node involvement was: <2 cm--1.36%, 2-5 cm--48.71%, >5 cm--86.67%. The palpation of the armpit was associated in almost a quarter of cases with false negative or false positive diagnosis. There are a lot of locally advanced cases without axillary lymph node @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Axillary lymph node status is strongly correlated with the @entity5 dimension and the elapsed time between diagnosis and treatment. The numerous cases of axillary lymphadenectomy without lymph node @entity3 (43.55%), even in locally advanced cases, advocate for a wider application of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy, to avoid the pathology associated with those axillary dissections.

title: [Axillary lymph node XXXX in @entity0 . Anatomo-clinical correlation and surgical approach].

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity788 is the fourth leading cause of @entity5 . METHODS: A prospective cohort study was undertaken between 2003 and 2011 at a tertiary care centre in Toronto, Canada. Two hundred and sixty-two subjects were enrolled based on an elevated estimated lifetime risk for @entity788 due to known genetic mutations and/or @entity5 family history. Subjects underwent annual magnetic resonance imaging, followed by additional investigations if abnormal findings were detected. Evidence of @entity5 or suspicious @entity854 prompted referral for surgical intervention. RESULTS: Average length of follow-up was 4.2 years, during which 84/262 (32%) subjects demonstrated @entity660 . Three @entity1 developed pancreatic adenocarcinoma (one 1.5-cm tumor was resected but recurred, while the other two subjects developed @entity5 ), and a fourth @entity1 developed a @entity788 that was resected. Fifteen subjects had radiologic evidence of branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous @entity5 , of which two underwent surgical resection. Sixty-five subjects had simple pancreatic cysts that have remained stable. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance imaging can detect small @entity788 and @entity5409 , but further improvement in sensitivity is needed. An understanding of the natural history of pre-invasive lesions in members of high-risk families is necessary for developing a more effective screening program.

title: Screening for XXXX in a high-risk cohort: an eight-year experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatic adenocarcinoma', 'pancreatic tumors', 'pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer death', 'cancer', 'metastatic cancer', 'neoplasms', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity660 :: ('MESH:D010182', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['macroscopic abnormalities']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the outcomes of ischemic @entity2316 for which distal arterial bypass grafting was considered as the first-line vascular procedure. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between November 2004 and November 2006, 19 lower limbs of 17 @entity6 @entity1 with lower limb critical @entity63 were operated in our department. The bypass grafts included five femoro-popliteal bypass grafts below knee and 14 distal bypass grafts. The 14 distal bypass grafts included; seven venous grafts on the dorsalis pedis artery, four femorotibial PTFE grafts and three femoroperoneal grafts. @entity7838 was applied to the distal anastomosis site in three limbs. RESULTS: At the time of discharge, the graft patency rate was 93.75%. The mean follow up period was 24 months. The primary cumulative patency rate was 63% at 2 year. The corresponding secondary patency rate was 87%. Among six ischemic @entity1066 , four @entity1066 healed within 2 to 12 months (66.6%). At 24 months, the cumulative rate of limb salvage was 76% and that of survival was 74%. CONCLUSION: Distal arterial bypass in @entity6 improves blood circulation that accelerates foot @entity1066 . It can also avoid amputation or lower its level, and thus improving the @entity1 's quality of life.

title: XXXX critical @entity63 of lower limbs: distal arterial revascularisation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetic lower limb ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot lesions']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer healing', 'ulcers']

entities_list: @entity7838 :: ('MESH:D001159', 'Disease') :: ['Arterio-venous fistula']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the outcomes of ischemic @entity2316 for which distal arterial bypass grafting was considered as the first-line vascular procedure. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between November 2004 and November 2006, 19 lower limbs of 17 @entity6 @entity1 with lower limb critical @entity63 were operated in our department. The bypass grafts included five femoro-popliteal bypass grafts below knee and 14 distal bypass grafts. The 14 distal bypass grafts included; seven venous grafts on the dorsalis pedis artery, four femorotibial PTFE grafts and three femoroperoneal grafts. @entity7838 was applied to the distal anastomosis site in three limbs. RESULTS: At the time of discharge, the graft patency rate was 93.75%. The mean follow up period was 24 months. The primary cumulative patency rate was 63% at 2 year. The corresponding secondary patency rate was 87%. Among six ischemic @entity1066 , four @entity1066 healed within 2 to 12 months (66.6%). At 24 months, the cumulative rate of limb salvage was 76% and that of survival was 74%. CONCLUSION: Distal arterial bypass in @entity6 improves blood circulation that accelerates foot @entity1066 . It can also avoid amputation or lower its level, and thus improving the @entity1 's quality of life.

title: @entity6 critical XXXX of lower limbs: distal arterial revascularisation.

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognostic significance of six epigenetic biomarkers ( @entity33767 , @entity5962 , @entity19572 , @entity59884 , @entity21251 , and @entity23883 promoter hypermethlation) in a homogeneous group of @entity263 @entity1 , following radical prostatectomy (RP). @entity1 AND METHODS: Biomarker analyses were performed retrospectively on @entity5 from 95 @entity263 @entity1 all with a Gleason score of 3   +   4   =   7 and a minimum follow-up period of 8 years. Using Quantitative Methylation Specific PCR (QMSP), we analyzed the promoter region of six genes in primary @entity263 tissues. Time to any progression was the primary endpoint and development of @entity263 was a secondary endpoint. The association of clinicopathological and biomolecular risk factors to recurrence was performed using the Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model for multivariate analysis. To identify independent prognostic factors, a stepwise selection method was used. RESULTS: At a median follow-up time of 10 years, 48 @entity1 (50.5%) had evidence of recurrence: Biochemical/PSA relapse, @entity3 , or @entity204 from @entity263 . In the final multivariate analysis for time to progression, the significant factors were: Older age, HR   =   0.95 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.0) (P   =   0.03), positive lymph nodes HR   =   2.11 (95% CI: 1.05, 4.26) (P   =   0.04), and decreased hypermethylation of @entity33767 HR   =   0.45 (95% CI: 0.2, 1.0) (P   =   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Methylation status of @entity33767 in the @entity263 specimen may predict for time to recurrence in Gleason 3   +   4   =   7 @entity1 undergoing prostatectomy. These results should be validated in a larger and unselected cohort.

title: XXXX promoter hypermethylation as a predictor of decreased risk of recurrence following radical prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease and/or death from prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer', 'prostate tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity33767 :: (202,Gene) :: ['AIM1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Over recent years numerous @entity1 with severe forms of @entity15 ( @entity15 ) refractory to conventional therapies have been treated with intense immunosuppression followed by autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). The clinical outcome and the @entity137 of AHSCT can be diverse, depending on the various types of conditioning protocols and on the disease phase. OBJECTIVES: To report the Italian experience on all the consecutive @entity1 with @entity15 treated with AHSCT with an intermediate intensity conditioning regimen, named BEAM/ATG, in the period from 1996 to 2008. METHODS: Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcomes of 74 @entity1 were collected after a median follow-up period of 48.3 (range = 0.8-126) months. RESULTS: Two @entity1 (2.7%) died from transplant-related causes. After 5 years, 66% of @entity1 remained stable or improved. Among @entity1 with a follow-up longer than 1 year, eight out of 25 subjects with a relapsing-remitting course (31%) had a 6-12 months confirmed Expanded Disability Status Scale improvement > 1 point after AHSCT as compared with one out of 36 (3%) @entity1 with a secondary progressive disease course (p = 0.009). Among the 18 cases with a follow-up longer than 7 years, eight (44%) remained stable or had a sustained improvement while 10 (56%), after an initial period of stabilization or improvement with median duration of 3.5 years, showed a slow disability progression. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that AHSCT with a BEAM/ATG conditioning regimen has a sustained effect in suppressing disease progression in aggressive @entity15 cases unresponsive to conventional therapies. It can also cause a sustained clinical improvement, especially if treated subjects are still in the relapsing-remitting phase of the disease.

title: Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation with an intermediate intensity conditioning regimen in XXXX : the Italian multi-centre experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis', 'MS']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: Aim of this research to study the effect of Citrullus colocynthis (70% @entity167 ) extract on lipid profile on @entity95 . The plant extract was orally administered to the atherogenic @entity95 (atherogenic diet + @entity165 powder supplement 400 mg/kg/body weight/day dissolved in 5 mL coconut oil) at dose of 1.2 g kg(-1) body weight/day. During the hall period of the experiment blood was collected and serum was analyzed for lipid profile. Animals were sacrificed; the heart and the liver were collected and kept at -20 degrees C until assayed. Biochemical analysis of blood serum and tissue (liver and heart muscle) level were made for @entity165 , Phospholipids and @entity1674 . In addition blood serum was analyzed further for HDL- @entity165 . All the results were statistically analyzed using students t-test. Hypolipidaemic nature of Citrullus colocynthis (70% @entity167 ) extract was studied in hyperlipidaemic @entity95 . The increased @entity165 levels were brought to normal by administration of Citrullus colocynthis. Serum @entity165 levels dropped from 940.7 to 230.41 (75.55%) and further to 119.2 (87.32%) by the end of the experiment. Similarly, phospholipids and @entity1674 levels were observed to be also reduced. The tissues lipids profiles of liver and heart muscle showed similar changes in those noticed in serum lipids. Citrullus colocynthis possesses active hypolipidaemic constituents.

title: Hypolipidaemic effects of Citrullus colocynthis L. in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['Rabbits', 'rabbits']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: Even though relationships within Annelida are poorly understood, Eunicida is one of only a few major annelid lineages well supported by morphology. The seven recognized eunicid families possess sclerotized jaws that include mandibles and a maxillary apparatus. The maxillary apparatuses vary in shape and number of elements, and three main types are recognized in extant taxa: ctenognath, labidognath, and prionognath. Ctenognath jaws are usually considered to represent the plesiomorphic state of Eunicida, whereas taxa with labidognath and prionognath are thought to form a derived monophyletic assemblage. However, this hypothesis has never been tested in a statistical framework even though it holds considerable importance for understanding annelid phylogeny and possibly lophotrochozoan evolution because Eunicida has the best annelid fossil record. Therefore, we used maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference approaches to reconstruct Eunicida phylogeny using sequence data from nuclear 18S and 28S rDNA genes and mitochondrial 16S rDNA and @entity9859 genes. Additionally, we conducted three different tests to investigate suitability of combining data sets. @entity1833 ( @entity1833 ) and Shimodaira-Hasegawa (SH) test comparisons of resultant trees under different data partitions have been widely used previously but do not give a good indication as to which nodes may be causing the conflict. Thus, we developed a partition addition bootstrap alteration ( @entity11894 ) approach that evaluates congruence or conflict for any given node by determining how bootstrap scores are altered when different data partitions are added. @entity11894 shows the contribution of each partition to the phylogeny obtained in the combined analysis. Generally, the @entity1833 test performed worse than the other approaches in detecting incongruence. Both @entity11894 and the SH approach indicated the 28S and COI data sets add conflicting signal, but @entity11894 is more informative for elucidating which data partition may be misleading at a given node. All our analyses indicate that the monophyly of the labidognath/prionognath taxa and even a labidognath clade (i.e., a "Eunicidae"/Onuphidae/Lumbrineridae clade) is significantly rejected. We show that the definition of both the labidognath and ctenognath jaw type does not address adequately the variation within Eunicida and thus misleads our current evolutionary understanding. Based on the presented results a symmetric maxillary apparatus with a carrier and four to six maxillae is most likely the @entity558 for Eunicida. [COI; conflicting data; fossil record; @entity1833 ; Jaw Evolution; molecular phylogeny; rDNA; SH test.].

title: Phylogeny of Eunicida (Annelida) and exploring data congruence using a partition addition bootstrap alteration ( XXXX ) approach.

entities_list: @entity9859 :: ('4512', 'Gene') :: ['cytochrome c oxidase subunit I']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['plesiomorphic condition']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['ILD', 'Incongruence length difference']

answer: @entity11894 :: (MESH:D010129,Chemical) :: ['PABA']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Reinforced feedback in virtual environment (RFVE) therapy is emerging as an innovative method in rehabilitation, which may be advantageous in the treatment of the affected arm after @entity64 . The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of assisted motor training in a virtual environment for the treatment of the upper extremity (UE) after @entity64 compared to traditional neuromotor rehabilitation (TNR), studying also if differences exist related to the type of @entity64 ( @entity548 or ischaemic). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty @entity1 affected by a @entity64 (48 ischaemic and 32 @entity548 ) that occurred at least 1 year before were enrolled. The clinical assessment comprising the Fugl-Meyer UE (F-M UE), modified Ashworth (Bohannon and Smith) and @entity177 ( @entity177 ) was administered before and after the treatment. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference between RFVE and TNR groups (Mann-Whitney U-test) was observed in the clinical outcomes of F-M UE and @entity177 (both p < 0.001), but not Ashworth (p = 0.053). The outcomes of F-M UE and @entity177 improved in the RFVE @entity548 group and in the TNR @entity548 group with a significant difference between groups (both p < 0.001), but not for Ashworth (p = 0.651). Comparing the RFVE ischaemic group to the TNR ischaemic group, statistically significant differences emerged in F-M UE (p < 0.001), @entity177 (p < 0.001), and Ashworth (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: The RFVE therapy in combination with TNR showed better improvements compared to the TNR treatment only. The RFVE therapy combined with the TNR treatment was more effective than the TNR double training, in both post-ischaemic and post- @entity548 groups. We observed improvements in both groups of @entity1 : post- @entity548 and post-ischaemic @entity64 after RFVE training.

title: The effectiveness of reinforced feedback in virtual environment in the first 12 months after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['FIM', 'Functional Independence Measure scale']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To conduct an exploratory evaluation of the impact of the @entity625 Foundation's evidence-based Walk With Ease (WWE) program on work place activity limitations of adults with self-reported or doctor-diagnosed @entity625 . METHODS: WWE @entity1 who were self-identified as "employed" completed the @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) at 6-week (postintervention; n = 94) and 1-year followup (n = 69). Paired t-tests were used to determine whether reduced work place limitations were reported at 6 weeks and maintained at 1-year followup. RESULTS: @entity1 were on average age 55 years, 88% @entity1 , and 61% white. The mean body mass index was 32 kg/m2 , and 81% had more than a high school education. Overall @entity3457 scores improved significantly from a mean    SD of 6.7    3.99 at baseline to 5.5    4.20 at 6-week followup (P < 0.001, effect size 0.30). Improvements were maintained at 1-year followup, i.e., no change from 6-week followup (P = 0.87). Work place activities reported by @entity1 as "some" or "a lot" of difficulty at baseline, i.e., "crouch/bend/kneel/work in awkward positions," "stand for long periods," and "lift/carry/move objects," showed some of the highest improvements at 6 weeks. "Concentrate/keep your mind on the job" also improved significantly, although it was not rated as a substantial difficulty at baseline. CONCLUSION: Our study provides encouraging evidence that WWE, a brief, low-cost, and easy-to-do community-based walking program, may provide both immediate and sustained benefits for @entity1 with self-reported @entity625 who also report a range of work place limitations related to their @entity625 symptoms.

title: Effect of a six-week walking program on work place activity limitations among adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis', 'Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['WALS', 'Workplace Activity Limitation Scale']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: We have previously reported (Bauer MK, Breier BH, Bloomfield FH, Jensen EC, Gluckman PD, and Harding JE. J Endocrinol 177: 83-92, 2003) that a chronic pulsatile infusion of @entity12550 ( @entity12550 ) to @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ) ovine fetuses increased fetal circulating @entity9418 levels without increasing fetal growth. We hypothesized a @entity701 -induced upregulation of fetal hepatic @entity43872 ( @entity43872 ) mRNA levels, secondary increases in @entity9418 mRNA levels, and circulating @entity9418 levels, but a downregulation of the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR) as an explanation. We, therefore, measured mRNA levels of genes of the @entity10759 by real-time RT-PCR in fetal and placental tissues of fetuses with @entity1592 (induced by uteroplacental embolization from 110- to 116-days gestation) that received either a pulsatile infusion of @entity12550 (total dose 3.5 mg/day) or vehicle from 117-126 days and in control fetuses (n = 5 per group). Tissues were collected at 127 days (term, 145 days). Fetal @entity701 concentrations were significantly increased in @entity1592 fetuses. However, in liver, @entity43872 , but not @entity9418 or IGF-IR, mRNA levels were decreased in both @entity1592 groups. In contrast, in placenta, @entity43872 , @entity9418 , and IGF-IR expression were increased in @entity1592 vehicle-infused fetuses. @entity12550 infusion further increased placental @entity43872 and IGF-IR, but abolished the increase in @entity9418 mRNA levels. @entity12550 infusion reduced @entity9418 expression in muscle and increased @entity12550 -R but decreased IGF-IR expression in kidney. @entity1592 increased hepatic @entity25121 and placental @entity70843 mRNA levels with no further effect of @entity12550 infusion. In conclusion, the modest increases in circulating @entity701 concentrations in @entity1592 fetuses did not increase hepatic @entity43872 mRNA expression and, therefore, do not explain the increased circulating @entity9418 levels that we found with @entity12550 infusion, which are likely due to reduced clearance rather than increased production. We demonstrate tissue-specific regulation of the @entity10759 in @entity1592 fetuses and a discontinuity between @entity43872 and @entity9418 gene expression in @entity12550 -infused fetuses that is not explained by alterations in phosphorylated @entity70844 .

title: Effect of pulsatile XXXX administration to the growth-restricted fetal sheep on @entity10759 gene expression in fetal and placental tissues.

entities_list: @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['IUGR', 'intrauterine growth-restricted']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity10759 :: ('MESH:D049912', 'Disease') :: ['somatotrophic axis']

answer: @entity12550 :: (443329(Tax:9940),Gene) :: ['growth hormone']


abstract: We have previously reported (Bauer MK, Breier BH, Bloomfield FH, Jensen EC, Gluckman PD, and Harding JE. J Endocrinol 177: 83-92, 2003) that a chronic pulsatile infusion of @entity12550 ( @entity12550 ) to @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ) ovine fetuses increased fetal circulating @entity9418 levels without increasing fetal growth. We hypothesized a @entity701 -induced upregulation of fetal hepatic @entity43872 ( @entity43872 ) mRNA levels, secondary increases in @entity9418 mRNA levels, and circulating @entity9418 levels, but a downregulation of the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR) as an explanation. We, therefore, measured mRNA levels of genes of the @entity10759 by real-time RT-PCR in fetal and placental tissues of fetuses with @entity1592 (induced by uteroplacental embolization from 110- to 116-days gestation) that received either a pulsatile infusion of @entity12550 (total dose 3.5 mg/day) or vehicle from 117-126 days and in control fetuses (n = 5 per group). Tissues were collected at 127 days (term, 145 days). Fetal @entity701 concentrations were significantly increased in @entity1592 fetuses. However, in liver, @entity43872 , but not @entity9418 or IGF-IR, mRNA levels were decreased in both @entity1592 groups. In contrast, in placenta, @entity43872 , @entity9418 , and IGF-IR expression were increased in @entity1592 vehicle-infused fetuses. @entity12550 infusion further increased placental @entity43872 and IGF-IR, but abolished the increase in @entity9418 mRNA levels. @entity12550 infusion reduced @entity9418 expression in muscle and increased @entity12550 -R but decreased IGF-IR expression in kidney. @entity1592 increased hepatic @entity25121 and placental @entity70843 mRNA levels with no further effect of @entity12550 infusion. In conclusion, the modest increases in circulating @entity701 concentrations in @entity1592 fetuses did not increase hepatic @entity43872 mRNA expression and, therefore, do not explain the increased circulating @entity9418 levels that we found with @entity12550 infusion, which are likely due to reduced clearance rather than increased production. We demonstrate tissue-specific regulation of the @entity10759 in @entity1592 fetuses and a discontinuity between @entity43872 and @entity9418 gene expression in @entity12550 -infused fetuses that is not explained by alterations in phosphorylated @entity70844 .

title: Effect of pulsatile @entity12550 administration to the growth-restricted fetal sheep on XXXX gene expression in fetal and placental tissues.

answer: @entity10759 :: (MESH:D049912,Disease) :: ['somatotrophic axis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The rehabilitation of older @entity1 is often complicated by increased frailty and medical complexity - these in turn present challenges for the development of health information systems. Objective investigation and comparison of the effectiveness of geriatric rehabilitation services requires information systems that are comprehensive, reliable, valid, and sensitive to clinically relevant changes in older @entity1 . The Functional Independence Measure is widely used in rehabilitation settings - in Canada this is used as the central component of the National Rehabilitation Reporting System of the Canadian Institute of Health Information. An alternative system has been developed by the interRAI consortium. We conducted a literature review to compare the development and measurement properties of these two systems. METHODS: English language literature published between 1983 (initial development of the @entity15467 ) and 2008 was searched using Medline and CINAHL databases, and the reference lists of retrieved articles. Relevant articles were summarized and charted using the criteria proposed by Streiner. Additionally, attention was paid to the ability of the two systems to address issues particularly relevant to older rehabilitation clients, such as medical complexity, comorbidity, and responsiveness to small but clinically meaningful improvements. RESULTS: In total, 66 articles were found that met the inclusion criteria. The majority of @entity15467 articles studied inpatient rehabilitation settings; while the majority of interRAI/ @entity4289 articles focused on nursing home settings. There is evidence supporting the reliability of both instruments. There were few articles that investigated the construct validity of the interRAI/ @entity4289 . CONCLUSION: Additional psychometric research is needed on both the @entity15467 and @entity4289 , especially with regard to their use in different settings and with different client groups.

title: Comparing the functional independence measure and the interRAI/ XXXX for use in the functional assessment of older adults: a review of the literature.

answer: @entity4289 :: (MESH:D054221,Disease) :: ['MDS']


abstract: @entity6542 ( @entity6542 ) is the only treatment able to modify the natural history of allergic subjects. Several aspects of the immunopathological response modified by @entity13366 ( @entity13366 ), which is an alternative route of administration for @entity6542 , have been investigated. A shift from Th2-polarized immune response toward @entity1198 -oriented pattern has been reported after @entity13366 . More recently, a crucial role for a subpopulation of T cells has been evidenced: T regulatory cells (Treg). @entity56 @entity1 have a defect of Tregs, and @entity13366 should be able to induce a specific Treg response. This issue is very relevant as the Treg-dependent cytokines, namely @entity688 and TGF-beta, are involved in the regulation of IgG and IgA antibodies production. Recent evidence shows that @entity13366 is also able of inducing a Treg response as detected by @entity688 production. @entity379 is a typical @entity1198 -dependent cytokine. @entity13366 may induce a significantly increased production of this cytokine and it may be considered as an early marker of @entity13366 response. Therefore, also @entity13366 is able of exerting the effects on immune response as well as the subcutaneous route.

title: Sublingual immunotherapy mechanisms of action: the role of XXXX response.

entities_list: @entity6542 :: ('MESH:C562465', 'Disease') :: ['Specific immunotherapy', 'SIT']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity13366 :: ('MESH:D013362', 'Disease') :: ['SLIT', 'sublingual immunotherapy']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Allergic']

answer: @entity1198 :: (51497,Gene) :: ['Th1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Respiratory symptoms caused by decorative flowers have seldom been reported in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To describe a housewife who experienced episodes of @entity565 , @entity7370 , and contact @entity110 in relation to @entity4336 plant (Dracaena fragrans) in her home. METHODS: Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed with extract from the leaves of D. fragrans and a standard battery of aeroallergens. An air sampler was installed close to the plant in her house. We performed skin, conjunctival, and bronchial provocation tests with the extract of D. fragrans. Serum specific @entity9416 was measured using enzyme allergosorbent testing. RESULTS: The @entity1 showed positive SPT reactions to the D. fragrans extract at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. Results of SPT with the extract prepared from the Air Sentinel filter were also positive. Skin provocation testing with the leaves of @entity4336 plant on the @entity1 's forearm provoked dense wheal formation. The conjunctival provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. The peak expiratory flow rate varied by 20% to 40% on exposure days and by 5% to 10% on nonexposure days. The bronchial provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Specific @entity9416 to D. fragrans extract was 15.1 kUA/L. CONCLUSIONS: These findings strongly suggest that an @entity9416 -mediated immunologic mechanism is responsible for the @entity1 's respiratory and cutaneous symptoms in relation to @entity4336 plant.

title: XXXX and @entity565 caused by @entity4336 plant (Dracaena fragrans).

entities_list: @entity7370 :: ('OMIM:613207', 'Disease') :: ['rhinoconjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria']

answer: @entity7370 :: (OMIM:613207,Disease) :: ['Rhinoconjunctivitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Respiratory symptoms caused by decorative flowers have seldom been reported in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To describe a housewife who experienced episodes of @entity565 , @entity7370 , and contact @entity110 in relation to @entity4336 plant (Dracaena fragrans) in her home. METHODS: Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed with extract from the leaves of D. fragrans and a standard battery of aeroallergens. An air sampler was installed close to the plant in her house. We performed skin, conjunctival, and bronchial provocation tests with the extract of D. fragrans. Serum specific @entity9416 was measured using enzyme allergosorbent testing. RESULTS: The @entity1 showed positive SPT reactions to the D. fragrans extract at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. Results of SPT with the extract prepared from the Air Sentinel filter were also positive. Skin provocation testing with the leaves of @entity4336 plant on the @entity1 's forearm provoked dense wheal formation. The conjunctival provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. The peak expiratory flow rate varied by 20% to 40% on exposure days and by 5% to 10% on nonexposure days. The bronchial provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Specific @entity9416 to D. fragrans extract was 15.1 kUA/L. CONCLUSIONS: These findings strongly suggest that an @entity9416 -mediated immunologic mechanism is responsible for the @entity1 's respiratory and cutaneous symptoms in relation to @entity4336 plant.

title: @entity7370 and @entity565 caused by XXXX plant (Dracaena fragrans).

answer: @entity4336 :: (381124,Species) :: ['corn']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Respiratory symptoms caused by decorative flowers have seldom been reported in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To describe a housewife who experienced episodes of @entity565 , @entity7370 , and contact @entity110 in relation to @entity4336 plant (Dracaena fragrans) in her home. METHODS: Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed with extract from the leaves of D. fragrans and a standard battery of aeroallergens. An air sampler was installed close to the plant in her house. We performed skin, conjunctival, and bronchial provocation tests with the extract of D. fragrans. Serum specific @entity9416 was measured using enzyme allergosorbent testing. RESULTS: The @entity1 showed positive SPT reactions to the D. fragrans extract at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. Results of SPT with the extract prepared from the Air Sentinel filter were also positive. Skin provocation testing with the leaves of @entity4336 plant on the @entity1 's forearm provoked dense wheal formation. The conjunctival provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. The peak expiratory flow rate varied by 20% to 40% on exposure days and by 5% to 10% on nonexposure days. The bronchial provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Specific @entity9416 to D. fragrans extract was 15.1 kUA/L. CONCLUSIONS: These findings strongly suggest that an @entity9416 -mediated immunologic mechanism is responsible for the @entity1 's respiratory and cutaneous symptoms in relation to @entity4336 plant.

title: @entity7370 and XXXX caused by @entity4336 plant (Dracaena fragrans).

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Misplacement during percutaneous aortic valve implantation can be associated with severe complications. The direct flow medical (DFM) valve is repositionable and retrievable; however, the nonmetallic inflatable and conformable design of the valve results in less radial force, which may have an impact on stability and valve function over time. We, therefore, analyzed the midterm stability of the position, shape, and hemodynamic performance of the DFM percutaneous aortic valve. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen symptomatic high-risk for surgery @entity1 with @entity472 and a logistic EuroSCORE >20 underwent implantation and were the subject of this analysis. Clinical, echocardiographic, and dual-source multislice computed tomography data were obtained during 2-year follow-up. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 81% and 69%, respectively. The dual-source multislice computed tomography follow-up indicated no changes in position, diameter, and orifice area of the DFM valve over time. Echocardiography revealed a significant decrease of the mean gradient from baseline (50.1  11.3 mm Hg) to 30 days (19.6  5.7 mm Hg, P<0.001), which remained stable over 2 years. The aortic valve area increased from 0.57  0.15 cm(2) at baseline to 1.47  0.35 cm(2) at 30 days (P<0.001) and did not significantly change during 2-year follow-up. Of the @entity1 , 73% had no @entity337 ( @entity337 ) and 27% had minimal @entity337 . CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary series, the 2-year follow-up data of @entity1 , in whom the nonmetallic, repositionable, and retrievable DFM valve was successfully implanted, show stability of the position, shape, and hemodynamic performance, with no @entity337 in most @entity1 .

title: Midterm stability and hemodynamic performance of a transfemorally implantable nonmetallic, retrievable, and repositionable aortic valve in @entity1 with severe XXXX . Up to 2-year follow-up of the direct-flow medical valve: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['AR', 'aortic regurgitation']

answer: @entity472 :: (MESH:D001024,Disease) :: ['aortic stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Misplacement during percutaneous aortic valve implantation can be associated with severe complications. The direct flow medical (DFM) valve is repositionable and retrievable; however, the nonmetallic inflatable and conformable design of the valve results in less radial force, which may have an impact on stability and valve function over time. We, therefore, analyzed the midterm stability of the position, shape, and hemodynamic performance of the DFM percutaneous aortic valve. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen symptomatic high-risk for surgery @entity1 with @entity472 and a logistic EuroSCORE >20 underwent implantation and were the subject of this analysis. Clinical, echocardiographic, and dual-source multislice computed tomography data were obtained during 2-year follow-up. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 81% and 69%, respectively. The dual-source multislice computed tomography follow-up indicated no changes in position, diameter, and orifice area of the DFM valve over time. Echocardiography revealed a significant decrease of the mean gradient from baseline (50.1  11.3 mm Hg) to 30 days (19.6  5.7 mm Hg, P<0.001), which remained stable over 2 years. The aortic valve area increased from 0.57  0.15 cm(2) at baseline to 1.47  0.35 cm(2) at 30 days (P<0.001) and did not significantly change during 2-year follow-up. Of the @entity1 , 73% had no @entity337 ( @entity337 ) and 27% had minimal @entity337 . CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary series, the 2-year follow-up data of @entity1 , in whom the nonmetallic, repositionable, and retrievable DFM valve was successfully implanted, show stability of the position, shape, and hemodynamic performance, with no @entity337 in most @entity1 .

title: Midterm stability and hemodynamic performance of a transfemorally implantable nonmetallic, retrievable, and repositionable aortic valve in XXXX with severe @entity472 . Up to 2-year follow-up of the direct-flow medical valve: a pilot study.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: In 1991, we started a clinical prospective trial for operable @entity418 , foreseeing organ preservation, to assess the treatment results after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for clinical Stage I (T1N0M0) @entity418 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 1992 and 2003, 63 @entity1 were enrolled in this study. @entity5 depth was @entity1697 (T1a) in 23 and @entity5 (T1b) in 40. CRT consisted of 55-66 Gy/50-60 fractions (median, 59.4 Gy); from 1 to 3 cycles (median, 2) of concurrent chemotherapy ( @entity900 and @entity1487 ), followed by high-dose-rate intraluminal brachytherapy 10-12 Gy/2-3 fractions. RESULTS: The 5-year overall and cause-specific and disease-free survival rates were 66.4%, 76.3%, and 63.7%, respectively. The 5-year cause-specific survival rates for T1a and T1b @entity5 @entity1 were 85.2% and 70.0%, respectively (p = 0.06). The 5-year disease-free survival rates for T1a and T1b were 84.4% and 50.5%, respectively (p < 0.01). Esophageal fistula as a late @entity137 occurred in 2 @entity1 (G4: 1; G5: 1), and esophageal stricture requiring a liquid diet occurred in 2 @entity1 . Pericardial effusion was observed in 3 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: We confirmed that @entity1 with T1N0M0 @entity418 had their esophagus preserved in 89.2% of cases after definitive CRT, and the survival rates were equivalent to those of previous reports of surgery.

title: Treatment results of chemoradiotherapy for clinical stage I (T1N0M0) XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['submucosal cancer', 'Tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['Cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: A 25-year-old @entity1 presented with right @entity1269 and was admitted to the local hospital. CT scan revealed an @entity1779 in the left motor cortex. He was treated conservatively, the @entity1410 passed without increase and his right @entity1269 improved gradually. The cause of @entity548 was examined at the local hospital without resolution. He came to our hospital for further examination. Angiography revealed @entity2548 near the @entity1410 . The @entity292 were fed by small branches of the @entity6128 and drained into an abnormal cortical vein. Left parietal craniotomy was performed. A red dilated cortical vein existed under the thickened, cloudy arachnoid membrane. Retrograde observation of the red vein showed some small branches connected directly to the red vein at the central sulcus. There was no nidus. The color of the red vein changed to blue after disconnection of the @entity292 by electrocoagulation. The dilated cortical vein was resected. Postoperative angiography revealed the disappearance of the @entity292 . He was discharged without any new @entity51 . Intracranial @entity2548 are rare cerebrovascular lesions. As symptomatic @entity1 managed conservatively have a poor prognosis, radical treatment should be undertaken as soon as possible.

title: [Case with intracranial XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity6128 :: ('MESH:D020243', 'Disease') :: ['left anterior cerebral artery']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['pial arteriovenous fistulas']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hematoma']

answer: @entity2548 :: (MESH:D001164,Disease) :: ['pial arteriovenous fistulas']


abstract: Bacterial two-component systems (TCSs) sense stimuli and transduce signals intracellularly through phosphotransfer between cognate @entity3793 kinases (HKs) and response regulators (RRs) to alter gene expression or behavioral responses. Without high phosphotransfer specificity between cognate HKs and RRs, cross-phosphorylation or cross-talk between different TCSs may occur and diminish responses to appropriate stimuli. Some mechanisms to reduce cross-talk involve HKs controlling levels of cognate RR phosphorylation. Conceivably, some RRs may have evolved HK-independent strategies to insulate themselves from cross-talk with @entity21809 ( @entity23062 ) or other small phosphodonor metabolites. Initial steps in flagellar biosynthesis in @entity5363 stimulate phosphotransfer from the FlgS HK to the FlgR RR to promote   (54)-dependent flagellar gene expression. We discovered that the FlgR C-terminal domain (CTD), which commonly functions as a DNA-binding domain in the NtrC RR family, is a specificity determinant to limit in vivo cross-talk from @entity23062 . FlgR lacking the CTD (FlgR(/\CTD)) used FlgS or @entity23062 as an in vivo phosphodonor and could be reprogrammed in /\flgS mutants to respond to cellular nutritional status via @entity23062 levels. Even though exclusive @entity23062 -mediated activation of FlgR(/\CTD) promoted @entity7097 flagellar gene expression, proper flagellar biosynthesis was impaired. We propose that the FlgR CTD prevents phosphotransfer from @entity23062 so that FlgR is solely responsive to FlgS to promote proper flagellar gene expression and flagellation. In addition to mechanisms limiting cross-talk between noncognate HKs and RRs, our work suggests that RRs can possess domains that prevent in vivo cross-talk between RRs and the endogenous metabolite @entity23062 to ensure signaling specificity.

title: A specificity determinant for phosphorylation in a response regulator prevents in vivo cross-talk and modification by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity21809 :: ('MESH:C011632', 'Chemical') :: ['acetyl phosphate']

entities_list: @entity5363 :: ('197', 'Species') :: ['Campylobacter jejuni']

answer: @entity21809 :: (MESH:C011632,Chemical) :: ['acetyl phosphate']


abstract: The study objective was to study the therapeutic effect of surgical treatment for @entity157 ( @entity157 ) originating from the caudate lobe. From 1995 to 2003, caudate lobe resection was carried out for 97 cases; among them 39 were for @entity157 , who were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 19 cases undergoing isolated caudatectomy, and group B consisted of 20 cases undergoing caudatectomy combined with other liver resections. The factors that might influence postoperative recovery were compared between the two groups. A special instrument, Peng's Multifunctional Operative Dissector, was used for surgical dissection. All @entity5 were resected successfully. One @entity1 died of @entity177 . @entity37520 occurred in three @entity1 , @entity843 occurred in four @entity1 , and @entity1157 occurred in one @entity1 . Thirty cases received long-term follow-up with survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years of 53%, 50%, and 39%, respectively. Caudate lobectomy is an effective therapeutic method for @entity157 originating in the caudate lobe. Isolated caudatectomy should be performed as the first choice whenever possible. Anterior transhepatic approach is appropriate in some cases. Peng's Multifunctional Operative Dissector is a very useful instrument for surgical dissection.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX originating from caudate lobe--a report of 39 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity37520 :: ('MESH:D006876', 'Disease') :: ['Hydrothorax']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile leakage']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative renal failure']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: The impact of climate change on @entity281 has been a concern in recent years. This study aims to project disability burdens of @entity6835 ( @entity6835 ) associated with increasing temperature in different climatic zones in China. Years Lost due to Disabilities (YLDs) were used as the measure of burden of @entity6835 in this study. A temperate city in northern China and a subtropical city in southern China were selected as the study areas. The quantitative relationship between temperature and the number of cases in each city was base on the regression models developed in our previous studies. @entity717 in 2000 were used as the baseline data. Projection of @entity717 in 2020 and 2050 under future temperature scenarios were conducted. Demographic changes over the next 20 to 50 years in study cities were considered in the projections. Under the temperature scenarios alone, the @entity717 may increase by up to 80% by 2020 and 174% by 2050 in the temperate city and up to 75% increase in the YLDs by 2020 and a 147% increase by 2050 in the tropical city. Considering potential changes in both temperature and population size and structure, if other factors remain constant, compared with the YLDs observed in 2000, the @entity717 may double by 2020 and triple by 2050 in both the temperate and subtropical cities in China. The temperature-related health burden of @entity281 in China may greatly increase in the future if there is no effective intervention. Relevant public health strategies should be developed at an earlier stage to prevent and reduce the impact of @entity166 associated with climate change.

title: Projected Years Lost due to Disabilities (YLDs) for XXXX related to increased temperature in temperate and subtropical cities of China.

entities_list: @entity6835 :: ('MESH:D004405', 'Disease') :: ['BD', 'bacillary dysentery']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['enteric infection']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['YLDs for bacillary dysentery']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

answer: @entity6835 :: (MESH:D004405,Disease) :: ['bacillary dysentery']


abstract: PURPOSE: Acute splenic sequestrations (SSs) are potentially fatal complications in @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ). Total splenectomies in young @entity1 may predispose them to a higher risk of overwhelming infections, whereas partial splenectomy may maintain immunocompetence. We present our series of partial splenectomies in @entity1 with multiple SS episodes. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 6 @entity1 who underwent open partial splenectomies for SS. Data on their clinical courses were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: None of the 6 @entity1 had SS postprocedure, down from 2.1 +/- 1.0 (P = .003) sequestrations per year and 3.5 +/- 1.4 (P = .002) total sequestrations per @entity1 . The transfusion requirements were significantly reduced postoperatively (10.2 +/- 5.6 vs 2.0 +/- 3.1 per year; P = .002). There was no increase in the infection-related hospital admissions during the period of follow-up (1.5 +/- 1.8 vs 0.8 +/- 0.8 per year after partial splenectomy; P = .363). The upper pole was preserved in all cases with blood supply off the main splenic artery. CONCLUSIONS: Partial splenectomy decreases the risk of SS in @entity3458 and reduces the need for blood transfusions. Infection rates did not increase after the procedure during the follow-up period. Partial splenectomy should be considered for @entity1 who experience multiple acute SS crises or have long-term transfusion requirements.

title: Partial splenectomy prevents splenic sequestration crises in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell disease', 'SCD']

answer: @entity3458 :: (MESH:D000755,Disease) :: ['sickle cell disease']