abstract: One hundred and fifty-two cases with @entity1204 were treated in our clinic between 1973 and 1985. The average age was 55.89 years, and the age range was from 29 to 76 years. Thirty-six cases (23.7%) were nulligravidas and 42 cases (27.6%) were nulliparas. One hundred and ten cases (72.4%) were postmenopausal and the average age at menopause was 49.1 years. The most frequent chief complaint was @entity548 which was noted in 128 cases (84.2%). The result of a cytologic examination of the uterine cervix was positive in 50.7% and suspicious in 16.9% but results for the endometrium were positive in 63% and suspicious in 21.9%. The cases in this study were classified into 88 cases (57.9%) of T1a, 36 cases (23.7%) of T1b, 12 cases (7.9%) of T2, 3 cases (2.0%) of T3 and 1 case (0.7%) of T4. As to the postoperative diagnosis, there were classified into 86 cases (56.6%) of pT1a, 30 cases (19.7%) of pT1b, 19 cases (12.5%) of pT2, 10 cases (6.6%) of @entity1803 and 5 cases (3.3%) of pT4. Histopathologically almost all 140 cases (91.41%) were of @entity420 and classified into 88 cases (57.9%) of G1, 39 cases (25.7%) of G2 and 13 cases (8.6%) of G3. The cumulative survival rates after Kaplan-Meier were 95% in pT1a cases, 75.6% in pT1b cases, 67.3% in pT2 cases, 42.2% in @entity1803 cases and 0% in pT4 cases.

title: [Clinical studies on XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['atypical genital bleeding']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if performing an endocervical curettage (ECC) at the time of conization is a useful diagnostic tool for predicting residual cervical @entity15709 ( @entity15709 ) among @entity1 who might wish to preserve their fertility. METHODS: All @entity1 diagnosed with @entity15709 from 1995 to 2000 at four institutions were identified. Data were retrospectively extracted from clinical records. @entity1 included in the statistical analysis were (1) younger than 40 years, (2) had an ECC performed at the time of the initial cone biopsy, (3) had a clearly demarcated surgical margin pathologically, and (4) underwent a second surgical procedure. RESULTS: Twenty-nine (24%) of 123 @entity15709 @entity1 met criteria for inclusion. The median age was 33 years (range, 17 to 39) and 13 (46%) were nulliparous. Initial surgery was a cold-knife conization (n = 17) or loop electrosurgical excision procedure (n = 12). Twelve (41%) ECCs and 15 (52%) cone margins were histologically positive. Sixteen @entity1 underwent a repeat conization; 13 underwent hysterectomy. Thirteen (45%) @entity1 had residual @entity15709 at the time of their second surgical procedure. ECC had a superior positive predictive value (100% vs 47%; P < 0.01) and negative predictive value (94% vs 57%; P = 0.01) compared to cone margin in predicting residual @entity15709 . None of the @entity1 undergoing fertility-sparing surgery developed recurrent @entity15709 or @entity420 . CONCLUSION: ECC performed at the time of conization may be a useful tool for predicting residual @entity15709 in @entity1 considering fertility preservation.

title: Endocervical curettage at conization to predict residual cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity15709 :: ('MESH:D065311', 'Disease') :: ['AIS', 'adenocarcinoma in situ']

answer: @entity15709 :: (MESH:D065311,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma in situ']


abstract: In this study, changes of protein binding of nine drugs were evaluated. In addition, @entity2544 and @entity3174 , the two drugs with the most substantial and progressive decrease in protein binding, were further studied by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fractions of ultrafiltrate of normal and uremic serum, in an attempt to identify substances causing drug protein binding inhibition. There was a marked decline of the protein binding of @entity2544 , @entity3174 and @entity1499 (dialyzed @entity1 vs. normals: -20.1, -16.0 and -15.1%, respectively). There was a rise in the protein binding of @entity1169 , @entity4444 and @entity1338 . The changes observed for @entity3175 , @entity3159 and @entity2645 were less marked. For @entity3174 , @entity2544 , @entity1499 and @entity3175 , protein binding was inversely correlated to the serum @entity1011 (r = 0.87, 0.80, 0.79 and 0.67, P less than 0.001), and a less pronounced but still significant positive correlation was found for @entity1338 (r = 0.46, P less than 0.01). Ultrafiltrate, obtained during a hemofiltration session, inhibited protein binding of @entity2544 and @entity3174 in a dose dependent way. After separation of this ultrafiltrate by HPLC, it appeared that for both @entity2544 and @entity3174 at least a part of this inhibitory activity corresponded to the elution zone of @entity35620 . For @entity2544 two other inhibitory zones were further recognized: one corresponding to the elution zone of @entity1219 and one in which the responsible substance remained unidentified. @entity35620 in solution inhibited protein binding of @entity2544 and @entity3174 in a dose dependent way. In conclusion, protein binding of several drugs currently used in @entity177 is affected in parallel with renal function, which might affect the therapeutic effectiveness of the drugs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Drug protein binding in XXXX : evaluation of nine drugs.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity2544 :: ('MESH:D013806', 'Chemical') :: ['theophylline']

entities_list: @entity4444 :: ('MESH:D002927', 'Chemical') :: ['cimetidine']

entities_list: @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam']

entities_list: @entity35620 :: ('MESH:C030514', 'Chemical') :: ['hippuric acid', 'Hippuric acid']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['chronic renal failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1699 ( @entity1699 ) is a heterogeneous, lethal combination of @entity600 characterized by severe underdevelopment of left @entity299 , resulting in a univentricular circulation. The genetic determinants of this disorder are largely unknown. Evidence of copy number variants (CNVs) contributing to the genetic etiology of @entity1699 and other @entity4297 has been mounting. However, the functional effects of such CNVs have not been examined, particularly in cases where the variant of interest is found in only a single @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Whole-genome SNP microarrays were employed to detect CNVs in two @entity1 cohorts (N = 70 total) predominantly diagnosed with some form of nonsyndromic @entity1699 . We discovered 16 rare or private variants adjacent to or overlapping 20 genes associated with cardiovascular or premature lethality phenotypes in @entity19 knockout models. We evaluated the impact of selected variants on the expression of nine of these genes through quantitative PCR on cDNA derived from @entity1 heart tissue. Four genes displayed significantly altered expression in @entity1 with an overlapping or proximal @entity471 verses @entity1 without such CNVs. CONCLUSION: Rare and private genomic imbalances perturb transcription of genes that potentially affect cardiogenesis in a subset of nonsyndromic @entity1699 @entity1 . Clin Trans Sci 2015; Volume #: 1-8.

title: Transcriptional Impact of Rare and Private Copy Number Variants in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1699 :: ('MESH:D018636', 'Disease') :: ['Hypoplastic left heart syndrome', 'HLHS']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformations']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart structures']

entities_list: @entity4297 :: ('MESH:D006330', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart defects']

answer: @entity1699 :: (MESH:D018636,Disease) :: ['Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome']


abstract: This paper reviews historical, anthropological and contemporary survey data concerning gender differences in @entity286 use in Africa, Asia, the Pacific, and Latin America. In many cultural groups in these regions, @entity286 use has been substantially more common among @entity1 than among @entity1 . In some groups, @entity286 use has been about equally common for both sexes. No evidence was found of any group in which @entity286 use has been substantially more common among @entity1 . The widespread pattern of greater @entity286 use by @entity1 appears to be linked to general features of sex roles. For example, @entity1 have often had greater social power than @entity1 , and this has been expressed in greater restrictions on @entity1 's behavior, including social prohibitions against @entity1 's smoking. These social prohibitions against @entity1 's smoking have strongly inhibited @entity1 's tobacco use and thus have been a major cause of gender differences in @entity286 use. Gender differences in @entity286 use have varied in magnitude, depending on the type of @entity286 use and the particular cultural group, age group and historical period considered. Causes of the variation in gender differences in @entity286 use include variation in @entity1 's status and variation in the social significance and benefits attributed to particular types of @entity286 use in different cultures. Contact with Western cultures appears to have increased or decreased gender differences in smoking, depending on the specific circumstances. The patterns of gender differences in @entity286 use in non-Western societies are similar in many ways to the patterns observed in Western societies, but there are several important differences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Gender differences in XXXX use in Africa, Asia, the Pacific, and Latin America.

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are limited data available describing relatively contemporary trends in 30-day rehospitalizations among @entity1 who survive hospitalization after an @entity583 ( @entity583 ) in the community setting. We examined decade-long (2001-2011) trends in, and factors associated with, 30-day rehospitalizations in @entity1 discharged from 3 central Massachusetts hospitals after @entity583 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Residents of the Worcester, MA, metropolitan area discharged after @entity583 from 3 central Massachusetts hospitals on a biennial basis between 2001 and 2011 comprised the study population (N=4810). Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between selected factors and 30-day rehospitalizations. The average age of this population was 69 years, 42% were @entity1 , and 92% were white. During the years under study, 18.5% of @entity1 were rehospitalized within 30 days after hospital discharge. Crude 30-day rehospitalization rates decreased from 20.5% in 2001-2003 to 15.8% in 2009-2011. After adjusting for several @entity1 characteristics, there was a reduced odds of being rehospitalized in 2009-2011 (odds ratio 0.74, 95% CI 0.61-0.91) compared with 2001-2003; this trend was slightly attenuated after further adjustment for hospital treatment practices. Female sex, having previously diagnosed @entity712 and @entity740 , and the development of in-hospital @entity1455 and @entity712 were associated with an increased odds of being rehospitalized. CONCLUSIONS: While the likelihood of subsequent short-term rehospitalizations remained frequent, we observed an encouraging decline during the most recent years under study. Several high-risk groups were identified for purposes of heightened surveillance and intervention efforts to reduce the likelihood of being readmitted.

title: Decade-Long Trends in 30-Day Rehospitalization Rates After Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['Myocardial Infarction']


abstract: Six @entity1 with @entity2548 of the internal maxillary artery were treated with transarterial embolization. The @entity1 ranged in age from 19 to 47 years, with a mean of 26.5 years. Each had a lifelong history of symptoms suggestive of a congenital origin of symptoms. There was no history of @entity130 . The most common initial symptoms were bruit (83%), pulsatile mass (67%), and @entity158 (50%). In one @entity1 prior surgical ligation of the external carotid artery had been attempted, but it led to aggravation of @entity10 . All @entity1 were treated with placement of a detachable balloon at the @entity292 site. In one @entity1 the balloon migrated through the @entity292 , which was retreated with coils. Complete obliteration of the @entity292 was achieved in all @entity1 . The follow-up ranged from 2 months to 10 years, with a mean of 5.2 years. @entity2548 of the internal maxillary artery are rare and can be treated effectively with transvascular techniques.

title: Arteriovenous XXXX of the internal maxillary artery: treatment with transarterial embolization.

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous fistulas', 'Congenital arteriovenous fistulas']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistula']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is defined as the new onset or recurrence of gradual or rapidly worsening signs and symptoms of @entity712 , requiring urgent or emergent therapy. OBJECTIVES: This study attempts to assess the association of liver function tests (LFT) and @entity414 level with in hospital outcome and echocardiography parameters, in @entity1 with acute decompensated @entity712 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 100 @entity1 (aged 16 - 90 years, 60% @entity1 ) admitted with @entity712 were enrolled. LFTs and @entity414 levels were assessed on first day and before discharge, and @entity1 were followed for 3 months. RESULTS: In-hospital outcomes were considered. Mean @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) was 35% (20 - 45%). Mean @entity414 level was 8.4 mg/dL, significantly higher than chronic HF and normal groups (P < 0.02). Elevated liver enzymes were seen in 52% @entity1 , mostly (87%) in transaminases. Liver enzymes were decreased in 85% @entity1 before discharge. LFT and @entity414 levels were inversely and significantly correlated with @entity1002 on echocardiography (P = 0.02), but not with diastolic parameters. Although there was no significant correlation between @entity414 level and in-hospital mortality, risk of intubation and rehospitalization in 3 months, enzyme levels increased in these groups. Increased @entity5906 transaminase ( @entity6571 level) was associated with inotrope infusion in @entity712 @entity1 (42 vs. 82 mg/dL, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal transaminases and @entity414 levels are seen in @entity712 @entity1 . Increased @entity6571 levels may be a predictor of the need for inotrope during hospital course in these @entity1 .

title: Liver Enzymes and @entity414 in Acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Acute heart failure', 'AHF', 'heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['LVEF', 'Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['Uric acid', 'uric acid']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['Heart Failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity712 ( @entity712 ) is defined as the new onset or recurrence of gradual or rapidly worsening signs and symptoms of @entity712 , requiring urgent or emergent therapy. OBJECTIVES: This study attempts to assess the association of liver function tests (LFT) and @entity414 level with in hospital outcome and echocardiography parameters, in @entity1 with acute decompensated @entity712 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 100 @entity1 (aged 16 - 90 years, 60% @entity1 ) admitted with @entity712 were enrolled. LFTs and @entity414 levels were assessed on first day and before discharge, and @entity1 were followed for 3 months. RESULTS: In-hospital outcomes were considered. Mean @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) was 35% (20 - 45%). Mean @entity414 level was 8.4 mg/dL, significantly higher than chronic HF and normal groups (P < 0.02). Elevated liver enzymes were seen in 52% @entity1 , mostly (87%) in transaminases. Liver enzymes were decreased in 85% @entity1 before discharge. LFT and @entity414 levels were inversely and significantly correlated with @entity1002 on echocardiography (P = 0.02), but not with diastolic parameters. Although there was no significant correlation between @entity414 level and in-hospital mortality, risk of intubation and rehospitalization in 3 months, enzyme levels increased in these groups. Increased @entity5906 transaminase ( @entity6571 level) was associated with inotrope infusion in @entity712 @entity1 (42 vs. 82 mg/dL, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal transaminases and @entity414 levels are seen in @entity712 @entity1 . Increased @entity6571 levels may be a predictor of the need for inotrope during hospital course in these @entity1 .

title: Liver Enzymes and XXXX in Acute @entity712 .

answer: @entity414 :: (MESH:D014527,Chemical) :: ['Uric acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic removal of duodenal and @entity2513 is currently considered to be the standard of care for prevention of @entity420 . The use of cautery carries a risk of delayed @entity548 , @entity6413 , and perforation. We examined the safety and feasibility of removing @entity1586 >= 1cm using a piecemeal cold snare polypectomy technique. @entity1 : The study included 15 @entity1 with @entity1127 >= 1cm and 15 @entity1 with @entity1586 >= 1cm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Bleeding, perforation, @entity490 , or hospitalization occurring within 2 weeks of polypectomy. RESULTS: Between 24 August 2011 and 29 April 2013, 15 @entity1 had @entity1127 >= 1cm. Mean @entity1 age was 64 years and 9/15 @entity1 were male. The mean polyp size was 24mm (10-60mm). All @entity1127 were removed with a cold snare and some required cold biopsy forceps. One @entity1 required hospitalization for gastrointestinal @entity190 7 days post-polypectomy; this @entity1 was using Coumadin. Between 27 February 2012 and 30 May 2013, 15 @entity1 underwent resection of a >= 1cm @entity1586 .Mean @entity1 age was 68 years and 9/15 were male. The mean polyp size was 20mm (10-45mm). All @entity1127 were primarily removed with a cold snare. None of the @entity1 required hemostatic clips for control of immediate @entity548 . One @entity1 presented to the emergency department with @entity490 1 day after initial endoscopy. CT scan showed no abnormalities and the @entity1 was discharged. CONCLUSIONS: Cold snare polypectomy for large duodenal and @entity1586 is technically feasible and may have a favorable safety profile compared to standard electrocautery-based endoscopic resection. Comparative trials are required to determine the relative safety and efficacy of cold snare techniques for complete and durable resection of large @entity1127 compared to standard hot snare methods.

title: Cold snare piecemeal resection of XXXX >= 1cm.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['polyps', 'duodenal polyps', 'removal of duodenal polyps']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenomas']

entities_list: @entity6413 :: ('MESH:D038223', 'Disease') :: ['post-polypectomy syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colonic and duodenal polyps', 'colonic polyp', 'colonic polyps']

answer: @entity1586 :: (MESH:D003111,Disease) :: ['colonic and duodenal polyps']


abstract: Futuna is a small Polynesian island in the South Pacific with a population of 3,612 in 2013. The first @entity1 @entity2926 case was confirmed in 1997. Active surveillance started in 2004. Cases were confirmed by PCR or real time PCR, or by serology using MAT or a combination of IgM-ELISA and MAT. A retrospective analysis of surveillance data shows that the disease was endemic with a mean annual incidence of 844 cases per 100,000 over an 11-year period from 2004 to 2014. An epidemic peak as high as 1,945 cases per 100,000 occurred in 2008. Serogroup Australis was predominant until 2007, Icterohaemorrhagiae was dominant afterwards. Cluster analysis revealed different hot spots over time. Lifestyle habits, such as walking barefoot in irrigated @entity20737 fields or @entity1707 pens probably contributed to contamination from the @entity1707 and rodent reservoirs to @entity1 . Severe forms were rare, and the case fatality rate was 0.5%. The medical community and general population were aware of @entity2926 and rapid treatment with @entity115 was the main treatment, probably contributing to this low fatality rate.

title: An Unprecedented High Incidence of XXXX in Futuna, South Pacific, 2004 - 2014, Evidenced by Retrospective Analysis of Surveillance Data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'humans']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxycillin']

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['leptospirosis']

answer: @entity2926 :: (MESH:D007922,Disease) :: ['Leptospirosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity263 can be treated by radical prostatectomy and provoke @entity322 as secondary effect. Our aim is to calculate the prevalence of @entity322 , characteristics of leakage and influential factors, through a historical series. METHODS: We perform a descriptive, observational and retrospective study of 1310 @entity1 who received treatment for PCa between 1989 and 2011. Prevalence was obtained after 12 months of recovery and using ICS definition. To complete ICIQ-SF and number of pads/day used we perform a cross-sectional study. The series is studied globally and divided in two groups according to oncologic characteristics. We perform a descriptive, comparative and predictive analysis. RESULTS: Prevalence of the series was 23.5%, 296 @entity1 . 279 incontinent @entity1 completed ICIQ-SF with a mean score of 11.1  4.03. 16.4% of the @entity1 use 1 pad/day or none, 69% (11.4% of the total) use compress and 22% diapers. 8% of the total use more than 1 pad/day. Clinico-pathological factors divide series in two groups: 1989-1999 with a prevalence of 24.6% and 2000-2011 with 22.8%. Multivariate analysis shows influential factors: age (65 years) (OR:1.65, p=0.013) and prostate volume (50cc) (OR:1.49, p=0.029). CONCLUSIONS: @entity322 is a disease with some prevalence that varies depending on definition. The most common situation was to leak several times a day (42.2%), a small amount (59.1%), using compress (69%) most of incontinents with a mild (0-7: 88.2%) impact on quality of life. Predictive factors were age (65 years) and prostate volume (50cc). The historical changes does not influence over prevalence.

title: Assessment and prevalence of XXXX after radical prostatectomy: Analysis of a historical series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['Prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['Urinary incontinence', 'urinary incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: Conjugated @entity4722 (CLA) is a mixture of positional (e.g. 7,9; 9,11; 10,12; 11,13) and geometric (cis or trans) isomers of @entity47191 . This compound was first shown to prevent mammary carcinogenesis in @entity19 models. Later investigations uncovered a number of additional health benefits, including decreasing @entity731 and @entity32 while enhancing immune function. The mechanisms of action underlying these biological properties are not clearly understood. The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances in CLA research related to experimental @entity29 . In addition, two possible mechanisms of action (i.e. endoplasmic and nuclear) were discussed in detail in the context of enteric inflammatory disorders. Conjugated @entity4722 was first implicated in down-regulating the generation of inducible @entity1813 (i.e. @entity1421 and LTB(4)) involved in early micro-inflammatory events (endoplasmic). More recently, CLA has been shown to modulate the expression of genes regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs; nuclear). In @entity1707 , prolonged dietary CLA treatment stimulated the expression of @entity28473 in the muscle. Thus, evidence supporting both mechanistic theories of CLA acting through eicosanoid synthesis and @entity3229 activity is available. The further understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action of CLA may yield novel nutritional therapies for enteric @entity32 .

title: Colonic anti-inflammatory mechanisms of conjugated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity47191 :: ('MESH:C027369', 'Chemical') :: ['octadecadienoic acid']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1813 :: ('MESH:D015777', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosanoids']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acid']

answer: @entity4722 :: (MESH:D019787,Chemical) :: ['linoleic acid']


abstract: Short-latency somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) was serially monitored in head-injured @entity1 and its clinical significance was evaluated in relation to auditory brain stem response (ABR), prognosis and other parameters such as @entity428 ( @entity428 ). SEP, ABR, and @entity428 were monitored serially and automatically in 16 @entity1 with @entity542 . Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) score was equal to or less than 8 in 14 cases. High dose barbiturate therapy was performed in 7 cases and @entity2075 was removed operatively in 14 cases. SEP was recorded from C3'or C4'-Fz leads on the lesion side following stimulation of the contralateral median nerve, and the difference between the two potentials (N20, N13) defined as central conduction time (CCT) was followed at a basic time interval of 10-20 min. The @entity1 were divided into 3 groups according to N20 finding and the prognosis of each group was analyzed. The final outcome (assessed 6 months after injury) was graded according to Glasgow Outcome Scale as follows: good (good recovery, moderate disability), poor (severe disability, persistent @entity47 ), @entity204 ( @entity204 ). Three @entity1 with no CCT change showed good recovery (table, 11). Out of 7 @entity1 with no N20 on admission, 5 died due to severely increased @entity428 and the prognosis for the other 2 cases was poor. The last group consisted of 6 @entity1 in whom CCT varied during hospitalization. In 3 out of these 6 cases N20 finally disappeared due to increased @entity428 and they died in the acute stage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Clinical significance of serial monitoring of short-latency somatosensory evoked potential in XXXX with special reference to intracranial hypertension].

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['acute head injury']

entities_list: @entity2075 :: ('MESH:D020198', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hematoma']

entities_list: @entity47 :: ('MESH:D018458', 'Disease') :: ['vegetative state']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: @entity2727 ( @entity7541 ) is an effective symptomatic treatment of @entity71 ( @entity71 ), but the mechanisms of its therapeutic action have not been fully elucidated. To address this issue, we assessed the effects of discontinuation of chronic @entity7541 treatment on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in @entity71 @entity1 . METHODS: Twenty-two prepubescent @entity1 with @entity71 (age range, 8.2-11.5 y) and 7 healthy volunteers were studied with SPECT on and off @entity7541 . Their rCBF data were automatically normalized to whole-brain counts and coregistered with standard anatomic space. rCBF changes were evaluated with statistical parametric mapping based on voxel-by-voxel ANOVA. RESULTS: When the subjects were not taking @entity7541 , rCBF was higher in the motor, premotor, and the anterior cingulate cortices (Brodmann's areas 4, 6, and 32). CONCLUSION: Brief discontinuation of @entity7541 treatment is associated with increased motor and anterior cingulate cortical activity. Our findings suggest that @entity7541 treatment modulates motor and anterior cingulate cortical activity directly or indirectly. Alternatively, our findings may be related to @entity7541 withdrawal. These data provide novel information on the potential mechanisms of the therapeutic action of @entity7541 . Furthermore, they are clinically relevant to the commonly occurring brief interruptions in @entity7541 treatment.

title: Effects of @entity2727 discontinuation on cerebral blood flow in prepubescent @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention deficit hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['Methylphenidate']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['attention deficit hyperactivity disorder']


abstract: @entity2727 ( @entity7541 ) is an effective symptomatic treatment of @entity71 ( @entity71 ), but the mechanisms of its therapeutic action have not been fully elucidated. To address this issue, we assessed the effects of discontinuation of chronic @entity7541 treatment on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in @entity71 @entity1 . METHODS: Twenty-two prepubescent @entity1 with @entity71 (age range, 8.2-11.5 y) and 7 healthy volunteers were studied with SPECT on and off @entity7541 . Their rCBF data were automatically normalized to whole-brain counts and coregistered with standard anatomic space. rCBF changes were evaluated with statistical parametric mapping based on voxel-by-voxel ANOVA. RESULTS: When the subjects were not taking @entity7541 , rCBF was higher in the motor, premotor, and the anterior cingulate cortices (Brodmann's areas 4, 6, and 32). CONCLUSION: Brief discontinuation of @entity7541 treatment is associated with increased motor and anterior cingulate cortical activity. Our findings suggest that @entity7541 treatment modulates motor and anterior cingulate cortical activity directly or indirectly. Alternatively, our findings may be related to @entity7541 withdrawal. These data provide novel information on the potential mechanisms of the therapeutic action of @entity7541 . Furthermore, they are clinically relevant to the commonly occurring brief interruptions in @entity7541 treatment.

title: Effects of XXXX discontinuation on cerebral blood flow in prepubescent @entity1 with @entity71 .

answer: @entity2727 :: (MESH:D008774,Chemical) :: ['methylphenidate']


abstract: @entity2727 ( @entity7541 ) is an effective symptomatic treatment of @entity71 ( @entity71 ), but the mechanisms of its therapeutic action have not been fully elucidated. To address this issue, we assessed the effects of discontinuation of chronic @entity7541 treatment on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in @entity71 @entity1 . METHODS: Twenty-two prepubescent @entity1 with @entity71 (age range, 8.2-11.5 y) and 7 healthy volunteers were studied with SPECT on and off @entity7541 . Their rCBF data were automatically normalized to whole-brain counts and coregistered with standard anatomic space. rCBF changes were evaluated with statistical parametric mapping based on voxel-by-voxel ANOVA. RESULTS: When the subjects were not taking @entity7541 , rCBF was higher in the motor, premotor, and the anterior cingulate cortices (Brodmann's areas 4, 6, and 32). CONCLUSION: Brief discontinuation of @entity7541 treatment is associated with increased motor and anterior cingulate cortical activity. Our findings suggest that @entity7541 treatment modulates motor and anterior cingulate cortical activity directly or indirectly. Alternatively, our findings may be related to @entity7541 withdrawal. These data provide novel information on the potential mechanisms of the therapeutic action of @entity7541 . Furthermore, they are clinically relevant to the commonly occurring brief interruptions in @entity7541 treatment.

title: Effects of @entity2727 discontinuation on cerebral blood flow in prepubescent XXXX with @entity71 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['boys']


abstract: Accumulation of postprandial @entity1674 -rich lipoproteins is generated by assimilation of ingested dietary fat and has been increasingly related to atherogenic risk. Nevertheless, the influence of different kinds of dietary @entity1718 on postprandial lipid metabolism is not well established, except for (n-3) polyunsaturated long-chain @entity1718 . Our goal was to evaluate the effects of test meals containing a common edible fat source of saturated (butter), monounsaturated (olive oil) or (n-6) polyunsaturated (sunflower oil) @entity1718 on postprandial lipid and @entity1674 -rich lipoprotein responses. After a 12-h fast, 10 healthy young @entity1 ingested mixed meals containing 0 g (control) or 40 g fat, provided as butter, olive oil or sunflower oil in a random order. Fasting and postmeal blood samples were collected for 7 h. The no-fat test meal did not elicit any change over baseline except for plasma phospholipids, insulin and nonesterified @entity1718 . Conversely, the three fat-containing meals elicited bell-shaped postprandial changes (P < 0.05) in serum @entity1674 , free and esterified @entity165 , and nonesterified @entity1718 . The butter meal induced a lower postprandial rise of @entity1674 in serum and chylomicrons (incremental AUC, mmol.h/L: 0.72) than the two unsaturated oils (olive oil: 1.6, sunflower oil: 1.8), which did not differ. Circulating chylomicrons were smaller after the butter meal than after the two vegetable oil meals. The in vitro susceptibility of circulating chylomicrons to hydrolysis by postheparin plasma was higher after sunflower oil than after butter or olive oil. We conclude that butter results in @entity407 and chylomicron accumulation in the circulation of young @entity1 than olive or sunflower oils after consumption of a single mixed meal.

title: Butter differs from olive oil and sunflower oil in its effects on postprandial @entity407 and XXXX -rich lipoproteins after single mixed meals in healthy young @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['lower postprandial lipemia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerol', 'triacylglycerols']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1674 :: (MESH:D014280,Chemical) :: ['triacylglycerol']


abstract: Accumulation of postprandial @entity1674 -rich lipoproteins is generated by assimilation of ingested dietary fat and has been increasingly related to atherogenic risk. Nevertheless, the influence of different kinds of dietary @entity1718 on postprandial lipid metabolism is not well established, except for (n-3) polyunsaturated long-chain @entity1718 . Our goal was to evaluate the effects of test meals containing a common edible fat source of saturated (butter), monounsaturated (olive oil) or (n-6) polyunsaturated (sunflower oil) @entity1718 on postprandial lipid and @entity1674 -rich lipoprotein responses. After a 12-h fast, 10 healthy young @entity1 ingested mixed meals containing 0 g (control) or 40 g fat, provided as butter, olive oil or sunflower oil in a random order. Fasting and postmeal blood samples were collected for 7 h. The no-fat test meal did not elicit any change over baseline except for plasma phospholipids, insulin and nonesterified @entity1718 . Conversely, the three fat-containing meals elicited bell-shaped postprandial changes (P < 0.05) in serum @entity1674 , free and esterified @entity165 , and nonesterified @entity1718 . The butter meal induced a lower postprandial rise of @entity1674 in serum and chylomicrons (incremental AUC, mmol.h/L: 0.72) than the two unsaturated oils (olive oil: 1.6, sunflower oil: 1.8), which did not differ. Circulating chylomicrons were smaller after the butter meal than after the two vegetable oil meals. The in vitro susceptibility of circulating chylomicrons to hydrolysis by postheparin plasma was higher after sunflower oil than after butter or olive oil. We conclude that butter results in @entity407 and chylomicron accumulation in the circulation of young @entity1 than olive or sunflower oils after consumption of a single mixed meal.

title: Butter differs from olive oil and sunflower oil in its effects on postprandial XXXX and @entity1674 -rich lipoproteins after single mixed meals in healthy young @entity1 .

answer: @entity407 :: (MESH:D006949,Disease) :: ['lipemia']


abstract: Accumulation of postprandial @entity1674 -rich lipoproteins is generated by assimilation of ingested dietary fat and has been increasingly related to atherogenic risk. Nevertheless, the influence of different kinds of dietary @entity1718 on postprandial lipid metabolism is not well established, except for (n-3) polyunsaturated long-chain @entity1718 . Our goal was to evaluate the effects of test meals containing a common edible fat source of saturated (butter), monounsaturated (olive oil) or (n-6) polyunsaturated (sunflower oil) @entity1718 on postprandial lipid and @entity1674 -rich lipoprotein responses. After a 12-h fast, 10 healthy young @entity1 ingested mixed meals containing 0 g (control) or 40 g fat, provided as butter, olive oil or sunflower oil in a random order. Fasting and postmeal blood samples were collected for 7 h. The no-fat test meal did not elicit any change over baseline except for plasma phospholipids, insulin and nonesterified @entity1718 . Conversely, the three fat-containing meals elicited bell-shaped postprandial changes (P < 0.05) in serum @entity1674 , free and esterified @entity165 , and nonesterified @entity1718 . The butter meal induced a lower postprandial rise of @entity1674 in serum and chylomicrons (incremental AUC, mmol.h/L: 0.72) than the two unsaturated oils (olive oil: 1.6, sunflower oil: 1.8), which did not differ. Circulating chylomicrons were smaller after the butter meal than after the two vegetable oil meals. The in vitro susceptibility of circulating chylomicrons to hydrolysis by postheparin plasma was higher after sunflower oil than after butter or olive oil. We conclude that butter results in @entity407 and chylomicron accumulation in the circulation of young @entity1 than olive or sunflower oils after consumption of a single mixed meal.

title: Butter differs from olive oil and sunflower oil in its effects on postprandial @entity407 and @entity1674 -rich lipoproteins after single mixed meals in healthy young XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity2657 develops very early after the onset of focal @entity2806 and may be a major factor in @entity717 after an acute @entity385 . There have been very limited studies on the usefulness of antiedemic agents as neuroprotective agents in the setting of focal @entity2806 . We tested the neuroprotective effects of a new potent nonpeptide vasopressin receptor V(1) antagonist, @entity46463 , in a focal @entity64 model in @entity35 . METHODS: Focal @entity63 was induced by embolizing a preformed clot into the middle cerebral artery (MCA). @entity1188 volume was measured at 48 hours after the @entity2500 . @entity51 , @entity2657 , @entity410 activity, and mortality and @entity548 rates were also documented. RESULTS: Treatment with @entity46463 (2 mg/kg), initiated immediately after @entity2500 , significantly reduced @entity1188 volume (P<0.05) measured at 48 hours after the @entity432 . In animals in which the treatment was delayed for 1 hour after @entity2500 , @entity1188 volume was also reduced significantly (P<0.05). @entity1188 volume in the @entity35 that received the drug at 3 or 6 hours after @entity2500 was not different from that in the vehicle-treated group. Treatment with @entity46463 , when started early after the @entity432 , also reduced @entity51 and @entity2657 . Injection of drug at a higher dose (30 mg/kg) also reduced @entity1188 volume and improved functional recovery but was not superior to the lower dose (2 mg/kg) when the drug was administrated at 1 hour after @entity2500 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that the selective vasopressin receptor antagonist @entity46463 is a potent neuroprotective agent when used early after onset of @entity432 in an embolic focal @entity63 model in @entity35 . Further studies are needed in @entity64 models to better understand its neuroprotective properties when used alone or in combination with thrombolysis.

title: Effects of nonpeptide V(1) vasopressin receptor antagonist @entity46463 on XXXX volume and recovery of function in a focal @entity64 model.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['embolic stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic brain edema', 'Cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCA occlusion']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological deficits', 'neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction', 'Infarction']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial occlusion']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['early disability']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity2657 develops very early after the onset of focal @entity2806 and may be a major factor in @entity717 after an acute @entity385 . There have been very limited studies on the usefulness of antiedemic agents as neuroprotective agents in the setting of focal @entity2806 . We tested the neuroprotective effects of a new potent nonpeptide vasopressin receptor V(1) antagonist, @entity46463 , in a focal @entity64 model in @entity35 . METHODS: Focal @entity63 was induced by embolizing a preformed clot into the middle cerebral artery (MCA). @entity1188 volume was measured at 48 hours after the @entity2500 . @entity51 , @entity2657 , @entity410 activity, and mortality and @entity548 rates were also documented. RESULTS: Treatment with @entity46463 (2 mg/kg), initiated immediately after @entity2500 , significantly reduced @entity1188 volume (P<0.05) measured at 48 hours after the @entity432 . In animals in which the treatment was delayed for 1 hour after @entity2500 , @entity1188 volume was also reduced significantly (P<0.05). @entity1188 volume in the @entity35 that received the drug at 3 or 6 hours after @entity2500 was not different from that in the vehicle-treated group. Treatment with @entity46463 , when started early after the @entity432 , also reduced @entity51 and @entity2657 . Injection of drug at a higher dose (30 mg/kg) also reduced @entity1188 volume and improved functional recovery but was not superior to the lower dose (2 mg/kg) when the drug was administrated at 1 hour after @entity2500 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that the selective vasopressin receptor antagonist @entity46463 is a potent neuroprotective agent when used early after onset of @entity432 in an embolic focal @entity63 model in @entity35 . Further studies are needed in @entity64 models to better understand its neuroprotective properties when used alone or in combination with thrombolysis.

title: Effects of nonpeptide V(1) vasopressin receptor antagonist @entity46463 on @entity1188 volume and recovery of function in a focal XXXX model.

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['embolic stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity2657 develops very early after the onset of focal @entity2806 and may be a major factor in @entity717 after an acute @entity385 . There have been very limited studies on the usefulness of antiedemic agents as neuroprotective agents in the setting of focal @entity2806 . We tested the neuroprotective effects of a new potent nonpeptide vasopressin receptor V(1) antagonist, @entity46463 , in a focal @entity64 model in @entity35 . METHODS: Focal @entity63 was induced by embolizing a preformed clot into the middle cerebral artery (MCA). @entity1188 volume was measured at 48 hours after the @entity2500 . @entity51 , @entity2657 , @entity410 activity, and mortality and @entity548 rates were also documented. RESULTS: Treatment with @entity46463 (2 mg/kg), initiated immediately after @entity2500 , significantly reduced @entity1188 volume (P<0.05) measured at 48 hours after the @entity432 . In animals in which the treatment was delayed for 1 hour after @entity2500 , @entity1188 volume was also reduced significantly (P<0.05). @entity1188 volume in the @entity35 that received the drug at 3 or 6 hours after @entity2500 was not different from that in the vehicle-treated group. Treatment with @entity46463 , when started early after the @entity432 , also reduced @entity51 and @entity2657 . Injection of drug at a higher dose (30 mg/kg) also reduced @entity1188 volume and improved functional recovery but was not superior to the lower dose (2 mg/kg) when the drug was administrated at 1 hour after @entity2500 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that the selective vasopressin receptor antagonist @entity46463 is a potent neuroprotective agent when used early after onset of @entity432 in an embolic focal @entity63 model in @entity35 . Further studies are needed in @entity64 models to better understand its neuroprotective properties when used alone or in combination with thrombolysis.

title: Effects of nonpeptide V(1) vasopressin receptor antagonist XXXX on @entity1188 volume and recovery of function in a focal @entity64 model.

answer: @entity46463 :: (MESH:C082134,Chemical) :: ['SR-49059']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe recent characteristics of incidence, risk factors, treatment, and outcome of @entity5885 ( @entity5885 ) in @entity1 and young adults undergoing blood and bone marrow transplantation (BMT). METHODS: All @entity1 and young adults (n = 241) undergoing first myeloablative transplant at the UCSF Pediatric BMT unit between 1992 and 2000 were included. Retrospective chart review was done. Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors are presented. RESULTS: @entity5885 developed in 65 @entity1 (27%); it was severe in 13/65 @entity1 (20%). Matched unrelated donor transplantation, advanced-stage @entity5 , and transplantation in the recent period (1998-2000) were identified as significant risk factors for @entity5885 in univariate and multivariate analyses. Heparin prophylaxis did not decrease the incidence of @entity5885 . @entity5885 was diagnosed at a median day 8 after BMT. Five of 13 @entity1 with severe @entity5885 (38%) survived for more than 1 year after BMT, even after renal and @entity1576 and high total @entity648 levels up to 35 mg/dL. Nine of the 13 @entity1 received fibrinolytic treatment with tissue plasminogen activator, anti-thrombin 3, or defibrotide. The survival rate at day 100 after BMT for @entity1 with @entity5885 was 77%; it was 94% for those without @entity5885 . CONCLUSIONS: The persistently high incidence of @entity5885 , its significant impact on posttransplant survival, and the demonstration of recovery from even severe @entity5885 underscore the importance of early diagnosis and initiation of specific therapy. The use of Bearman's model of prediction of severity of @entity5885 and the application of fibrinolytic drugs when adequate are highly recommended.

title: Hepatic venoocclusive disease in blood and bone marrow transplantation in XXXX and young adults: incidence, risk factors, and outcome in a cohort of 241 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity5885 :: ('MESH:D011668', 'Disease') :: ['venoocclusive disease', 'VOD', 'Venoocclusive disease']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe recent characteristics of incidence, risk factors, treatment, and outcome of @entity5885 ( @entity5885 ) in @entity1 and young adults undergoing blood and bone marrow transplantation (BMT). METHODS: All @entity1 and young adults (n = 241) undergoing first myeloablative transplant at the UCSF Pediatric BMT unit between 1992 and 2000 were included. Retrospective chart review was done. Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors are presented. RESULTS: @entity5885 developed in 65 @entity1 (27%); it was severe in 13/65 @entity1 (20%). Matched unrelated donor transplantation, advanced-stage @entity5 , and transplantation in the recent period (1998-2000) were identified as significant risk factors for @entity5885 in univariate and multivariate analyses. Heparin prophylaxis did not decrease the incidence of @entity5885 . @entity5885 was diagnosed at a median day 8 after BMT. Five of 13 @entity1 with severe @entity5885 (38%) survived for more than 1 year after BMT, even after renal and @entity1576 and high total @entity648 levels up to 35 mg/dL. Nine of the 13 @entity1 received fibrinolytic treatment with tissue plasminogen activator, anti-thrombin 3, or defibrotide. The survival rate at day 100 after BMT for @entity1 with @entity5885 was 77%; it was 94% for those without @entity5885 . CONCLUSIONS: The persistently high incidence of @entity5885 , its significant impact on posttransplant survival, and the demonstration of recovery from even severe @entity5885 underscore the importance of early diagnosis and initiation of specific therapy. The use of Bearman's model of prediction of severity of @entity5885 and the application of fibrinolytic drugs when adequate are highly recommended.

title: Hepatic venoocclusive disease in blood and bone marrow transplantation in @entity1 and young adults: incidence, risk factors, and outcome in a cohort of 241 XXXX .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Finite element analysis (FEA)-based biomechanical modeling can be used to predict lung respiratory motion. In this technique, elastic models and biomechanical parameters are two important factors that determine modeling accuracy. We systematically evaluated the effects of lung and @entity2 biomechanical modeling approaches and related parameters to improve the accuracy of motion simulation of @entity2 center of mass (TCM) displacements. Experiments were conducted with four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT). A Quasi-Newton FEA was performed to simulate lung and related @entity5 displacements between end-expiration (phase 50%) and other respiration phases (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%). Both linear isotropic and non-linear hyperelastic materials, including the neo-Hookean compressible and uncoupled Mooney-Rivlin models, were used to create a finite element model (FEM) of lung and @entity5 . Lung surface displacement vector fields (SDVFs) were obtained by registering the 50% phase CT to other respiration phases, using the non-rigid demons registration algorithm. The obtained SDVFs were used as lung surface displacement boundary conditions in FEM. The sensitivity of TCM displacement to lung and @entity5 biomechanical parameters was assessed in eight @entity1 for all three models. @entity1 -specific optimal parameters were estimated by minimizing the TCM motion simulation errors between phase 50% and phase 0%. The uncoupled Mooney-Rivlin material model showed the highest TCM motion simulation accuracy. The average TCM motion simulation absolute errors for the Mooney-Rivlin material model along left-right, anterior-posterior, and superior-inferior directions were 0.80   mm, 0.86   mm, and 1.51   mm, respectively. The proposed strategy provides a reliable method to estimate @entity1 -specific biomechanical parameters in FEM for @entity2 motion simulation.

title: Sensitivity of XXXX motion simulation accuracy to lung biomechanical modeling approaches and parameters.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Prior studies have evaluated the teratogenicity of @entity4966 , a contaminant of drinking water. However, none specifically examined effects of @entity4966 on cardiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine if @entity4966 is a cardiac teratogen in early embryogenesis in an avian model. Fertile White Leghorn @entity1573 eggs were incubated under standard conditions. At stage 6, 12, 18, or 23, @entity4966 , in concentrations of 5 to 25 microM (2 to 28 micrograms/g body weight) was injected into the air space of the egg (vol = 0.03 ml). Mineral oil and saline served as control solutions. For this double-blinded study, solutions were coded and remained so until all observations were made and recorded. Embryonic hearts (n = 1055) were examined at stage 29, 34, or 44. Gross examination was performed, followed by microdissection. @entity299 were found in 7.3% of @entity4966 -treated hearts, compared to 2.3% of saline controls (p less than 0.01), and 1.5% of mineral oil controls (p less than 0.001). No significant difference in incidence of @entity600 was found when comparing saline and mineral oil controls. @entity299 include @entity1757 , cor biloculare, @entity66 , @entity473 , and abnormal cardiac muscle. These data demonstrate that @entity4966 is a cardiac teratogen in an avian model.

title: Trichloroethylene: a cardiac teratogen in developing XXXX embryos.

entities_list: @entity473 :: ('MESH:C563240', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular canal defects']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['conotruncal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['septal defects']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac malformations', 'Cardiac defects']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chick']


abstract: The genome of the geminivirus @entity64088 ) consists of two circular DNA molecules designated as components A and B. The A component contains the only virally-encoded function required for autonomous replication in infected plant cells. We used agroinoculation of petunia leaf discs with the A component to develop a transient expression system which permits direct examination of viral transcripts by S1 nuclease protection. The @entity1452 gene, which encodes the @entity64088 coat protein, was transcribed transiently in leaf discs after agroinoculation of @entity64088 a DNA. Synthesis of @entity1452 RNA was dependent on T-DNA transfer and @entity64088 DNA replication, demonstrating that it is a plant transcription product. The AL open reading frames of @entity64088 A were also expressed transiently in leaf discs. The ratio between @entity1452 RNA and the major leftward RNA was constant and was used to normalize @entity1452 transcription for viral DNA copy number. The bacterial genes encoding @entity2755 acetyltransferase (CAT) and beta-glucuronidase (GUS) were transiently expressed in leaf discs from the @entity1452 promoter in @entity64088 A. The levels of @entity1452 and GUS RNAs were similar in leaf discs after adjusting for viral DNA copy number, while CAT RNA was less abundant. The geminivirus transient expression system allows rapid analysis of RNAs transcribed from foreign genes and can serve as a preliminary screen in the construction of transgenic plants.

title: Transient expression of heterologous RNAs using XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64088 :: ('10831', 'Species') :: ['TGMV', 'tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

answer: @entity64088 :: (10831,Species) :: ['tomato golden mosaic virus']


abstract: This is a report of three @entity1 with @entity3796 , or @entity3796 , their genealogic backgrounds and the stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopic appearances of the hair, the skin of their fingertips and palms as well as skin studies of members of their families. The skin morphology was recorded by means of silicone monomer rubber impressions and @entity990 resin dyes. In two of the @entity1 the disease was acquired by X-linked inheritance, while in the third, a @entity1 , it appeared to follow an autosomal dominant pattern. Defects of the skin of the fingertips and palms of the propositi and members of the families included abnormalities of the morphology and pattern of the epidermal ridges, reduction of sweat pores varying from 13 to 87% of normal, and changed anatomy of the openings of the sweat glands. The openings were shallow and with less whorling compared to the normal, funnel-shaped sweat pores. Among the sweat pores, micropores, or openings with an average diameter of 5.3 micrometers, were observed. One of the propositi and the affected father of another had orifices on their fingertips resembling hair sheaths. Two propositi and the affected father of one exhibited grooving of the hair. The findings confirm the necessity for genealogic investigations in @entity1 with or suspected of having the disease in order to advise parents or prospective parents. They also illustrate the usefulness of stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy in observing skin and hair abnormalities.

title: XXXX : a genealogic, stereomicroscope, and scanning electron microscope study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity3796 :: ('MESH:D053358', 'Disease') :: ['hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia', 'Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome']

answer: @entity3796 :: (MESH:D053358,Disease) :: ['Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about the clinical and immunological features of @entity66 @entity1 with @entity16 . In a large series of adult @entity66 @entity1 , we investigated the prevalence of @entity16 and anti-neuronal antibodies, along with the clinical course. METHODS: @entity16 were investigated in 160 consecutive @entity1 (120 F, 40 M) with biopsy-proven @entity66 . Anti-neuronal antibodies to central/enteric nervous systems were investigated in all neurological @entity1 , 20 unaffected ones and 20 controls. RESULTS: Thirteen (8%) @entity1 had @entity16 , including @entity302 (n = 3), @entity2414 (n = 3), @entity6447 (n = 2), @entity1897 (n = 2), @entity15 (n = 1), @entity7025 (n = 1) and @entity3918 (n = 1). No significant demographic or clinical differences (gastrointestinal or other gluten-related signs) were found between @entity1 with and without neurological involvement. In all but 2 of the 13 cases, the @entity16 preceded @entity66 . @entity16 improved or disappeared in 7 @entity1 who started a gluten-free diet within 6 months after neurological onset, and in none of 4 @entity1 who began later. Prevalence of central nervous system anti-neuronal antibodies was significantly higher in neurological (61%) than in other @entity1 (5%) (P = 0.0007) or controls (0%) (P = 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity66 can sometimes present in the guise of a @entity16 , which may greatly improve when a gluten-free diet is started promptly. Therefore, the possible presence of @entity66 needs to be carefully considered in @entity1 with @entity6447 , @entity302 , @entity2414 or @entity1897 .

title: Clinical findings and anti-neuronal antibodies in @entity66 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Coeliac disease', 'coeliac disease', 'diagnosis ofcoeliac disease']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder', 'Neurological symptoms', 'neurological disorders']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity7025 :: ('MESH:D009072', 'Disease') :: ['Moyamoya disease']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity6447 :: ('MESH:D002524', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar ataxia']

entities_list: @entity3918 :: ('MESH:D009223', 'Disease') :: ["Steinert's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['attention/memory impairment']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['neurological disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about the clinical and immunological features of @entity66 @entity1 with @entity16 . In a large series of adult @entity66 @entity1 , we investigated the prevalence of @entity16 and anti-neuronal antibodies, along with the clinical course. METHODS: @entity16 were investigated in 160 consecutive @entity1 (120 F, 40 M) with biopsy-proven @entity66 . Anti-neuronal antibodies to central/enteric nervous systems were investigated in all neurological @entity1 , 20 unaffected ones and 20 controls. RESULTS: Thirteen (8%) @entity1 had @entity16 , including @entity302 (n = 3), @entity2414 (n = 3), @entity6447 (n = 2), @entity1897 (n = 2), @entity15 (n = 1), @entity7025 (n = 1) and @entity3918 (n = 1). No significant demographic or clinical differences (gastrointestinal or other gluten-related signs) were found between @entity1 with and without neurological involvement. In all but 2 of the 13 cases, the @entity16 preceded @entity66 . @entity16 improved or disappeared in 7 @entity1 who started a gluten-free diet within 6 months after neurological onset, and in none of 4 @entity1 who began later. Prevalence of central nervous system anti-neuronal antibodies was significantly higher in neurological (61%) than in other @entity1 (5%) (P = 0.0007) or controls (0%) (P = 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity66 can sometimes present in the guise of a @entity16 , which may greatly improve when a gluten-free diet is started promptly. Therefore, the possible presence of @entity66 needs to be carefully considered in @entity1 with @entity6447 , @entity302 , @entity2414 or @entity1897 .

title: Clinical findings and anti-neuronal antibodies in XXXX with @entity16 .

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['coeliac disease']


abstract: Endoparasites must breach host barriers to establish @entity281 and then must survive host internal defenses to cause disease. Such barriers may frustrate attempts to experimentally transmit @entity4801 by 'natural' methods. In addition, the host's condition may affect a study's outcome. The experiments reported here examined the effect of dosing method and host metabolic condition on measures of virulence for the oyster parasite @entity42384 . Oysters, @entity23682 , were challenged with wild-type and cultured forms of @entity42384 via feeding, shell-cavity injection, gut intubation and adductor-muscle injection. For both parasite types, adductor-muscle injections produced the @entity281 followed by shell-cavity injection, gut intubation, and feeding. There was no difference in parasite burdens between oysters fed cultured cells by acute vs chronic dosing, and parasite loads stabilized over time, suggesting a dynamic equilibrium between invasion and elimination. @entity42384 distribution among tissues of challenged oysters indicated that @entity4801 invaded the mantle and gill, as well as the gut, which has been considered the primary portal of entry. Frequency distributions of @entity42384 in oysters challenged with 3 different culture phases indicated an aggregated distribution among hosts and suggested that stationary-phase @entity4801 were easiest for the oyster to control or eliminate and log-phase @entity4801 were the most difficult. Host metabolic condition also affected experimental outcomes, as indicated by increased @entity281 levels in oysters undergoing spawning and/or exposed to low @entity26 stress.

title: Comparison of in vitro-cultured and wild-type XXXX . II. Dosing methods and host response.

entities_list: @entity23682 :: ('6565', 'Species') :: ['Crassostrea virginica']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['heaviest infections', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity4801 :: ('MESH:D010272', 'Disease') :: ['parasites']

entities_list: @entity42384 :: ('31276', 'Species') :: ['Perkinsus marinus', 'P. marinus']

answer: @entity42384 :: (31276,Species) :: ['Perkinsus marinus']


abstract: In two field trials in Nigeria, 74 male and female @entity1201 outpatients received intra-adipose depot injections of either @entity3761 ( @entity15353 ) or @entity6156 (MADDS) at 4-week intervals. Blood samples were taken regularly and sent to Amsterdam to determine the @entity15353 and MADDS concentrations in serum using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The @entity15353 injection yielded a good sustained drug release. After repeated administration accumulation occurred, demonstrated by a statistically significant increase in the area under the curve (AUC) in time: until 28 days after the first injection, the mean AUC (+/- S.D.) amounted to 19.3 +/- 5.6 mg d/l in males and 15.1 +/- 5.2 in females; after the fourth injection, 26.4 +/- 7.5 and 24.6 +/- 9.0 mg d/l, respectively (p less than 0.001). One male @entity1 developed an abscess at the injection site; otherwise no side effects were observed. Even better sustained-release results were observed with the MADDS injection. Unfortunately, the injection caused a number of abscesses. Consequently, the @entity15353 injection was very well received by the @entity1 of the @entity15353 study, while half of the @entity1 in the MADDS study would prefer tablets to the MADDS injection. Further investigations are required to find the cause of the abscesses before one of the injections, or possibly a combination of both, could be implemented in the multi-drug treatment regimen proposed by WHO to provide a valuable tool to combat noncompliance among @entity1201 @entity1 .

title: A field trial among @entity1201 @entity1 in Nigeria with depot injections of XXXX and @entity6156 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6156 :: ('MESH:C018965', 'Chemical') :: ['monoacetyldapsone']

answer: @entity3761 :: (MESH:D003622,Chemical) :: ['dapsone']


abstract: In two field trials in Nigeria, 74 male and female @entity1201 outpatients received intra-adipose depot injections of either @entity3761 ( @entity15353 ) or @entity6156 (MADDS) at 4-week intervals. Blood samples were taken regularly and sent to Amsterdam to determine the @entity15353 and MADDS concentrations in serum using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The @entity15353 injection yielded a good sustained drug release. After repeated administration accumulation occurred, demonstrated by a statistically significant increase in the area under the curve (AUC) in time: until 28 days after the first injection, the mean AUC (+/- S.D.) amounted to 19.3 +/- 5.6 mg d/l in males and 15.1 +/- 5.2 in females; after the fourth injection, 26.4 +/- 7.5 and 24.6 +/- 9.0 mg d/l, respectively (p less than 0.001). One male @entity1 developed an abscess at the injection site; otherwise no side effects were observed. Even better sustained-release results were observed with the MADDS injection. Unfortunately, the injection caused a number of abscesses. Consequently, the @entity15353 injection was very well received by the @entity1 of the @entity15353 study, while half of the @entity1 in the MADDS study would prefer tablets to the MADDS injection. Further investigations are required to find the cause of the abscesses before one of the injections, or possibly a combination of both, could be implemented in the multi-drug treatment regimen proposed by WHO to provide a valuable tool to combat noncompliance among @entity1201 @entity1 .

title: A field trial among @entity1201 @entity1 in Nigeria with depot injections of @entity3761 and XXXX .

answer: @entity6156 :: (MESH:C018965,Chemical) :: ['monoacetyldapsone']


abstract: In two field trials in Nigeria, 74 male and female @entity1201 outpatients received intra-adipose depot injections of either @entity3761 ( @entity15353 ) or @entity6156 (MADDS) at 4-week intervals. Blood samples were taken regularly and sent to Amsterdam to determine the @entity15353 and MADDS concentrations in serum using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The @entity15353 injection yielded a good sustained drug release. After repeated administration accumulation occurred, demonstrated by a statistically significant increase in the area under the curve (AUC) in time: until 28 days after the first injection, the mean AUC (+/- S.D.) amounted to 19.3 +/- 5.6 mg d/l in males and 15.1 +/- 5.2 in females; after the fourth injection, 26.4 +/- 7.5 and 24.6 +/- 9.0 mg d/l, respectively (p less than 0.001). One male @entity1 developed an abscess at the injection site; otherwise no side effects were observed. Even better sustained-release results were observed with the MADDS injection. Unfortunately, the injection caused a number of abscesses. Consequently, the @entity15353 injection was very well received by the @entity1 of the @entity15353 study, while half of the @entity1 in the MADDS study would prefer tablets to the MADDS injection. Further investigations are required to find the cause of the abscesses before one of the injections, or possibly a combination of both, could be implemented in the multi-drug treatment regimen proposed by WHO to provide a valuable tool to combat noncompliance among @entity1201 @entity1 .

title: A field trial among XXXX @entity1 in Nigeria with depot injections of @entity3761 and @entity6156 .

answer: @entity1201 :: (MESH:D007918,Disease) :: ['leprosy']


abstract: In two field trials in Nigeria, 74 male and female @entity1201 outpatients received intra-adipose depot injections of either @entity3761 ( @entity15353 ) or @entity6156 (MADDS) at 4-week intervals. Blood samples were taken regularly and sent to Amsterdam to determine the @entity15353 and MADDS concentrations in serum using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The @entity15353 injection yielded a good sustained drug release. After repeated administration accumulation occurred, demonstrated by a statistically significant increase in the area under the curve (AUC) in time: until 28 days after the first injection, the mean AUC (+/- S.D.) amounted to 19.3 +/- 5.6 mg d/l in males and 15.1 +/- 5.2 in females; after the fourth injection, 26.4 +/- 7.5 and 24.6 +/- 9.0 mg d/l, respectively (p less than 0.001). One male @entity1 developed an abscess at the injection site; otherwise no side effects were observed. Even better sustained-release results were observed with the MADDS injection. Unfortunately, the injection caused a number of abscesses. Consequently, the @entity15353 injection was very well received by the @entity1 of the @entity15353 study, while half of the @entity1 in the MADDS study would prefer tablets to the MADDS injection. Further investigations are required to find the cause of the abscesses before one of the injections, or possibly a combination of both, could be implemented in the multi-drug treatment regimen proposed by WHO to provide a valuable tool to combat noncompliance among @entity1201 @entity1 .

title: A field trial among @entity1201 XXXX in Nigeria with depot injections of @entity3761 and @entity6156 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Between 1968 and 1983, 135 @entity1 with pathologic stage (PS) I and II @entity978 were treated with extended mantle radiation technique (EMRT) at Michael Reese Hospital and the University of Chicago Center for Radiation Therapy. EMRT combines both standard mantle and para-aorta fields (M-PA) in one port. Actuarial disease-free survival at 5 and 10 years was 82.5%. Actuarial overall survival was 96% and 83% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Acute complications were evaluated in 112 @entity1 available for analysis. Severe @entity390 and @entity391 occurred in 13%, weight loss of greater than 10% of body weight in 19%, and acute hematologic @entity137 in 4% of @entity1 . @entity236 was transient and did not interfere with subsequent delivery of salvage treatment with either chemotherapy or radiation therapy in 22 @entity1 who relapsed. The cost of EMRT is 40% lower than the cost of treatment with M-PA. The median treatment time was 38 days, 33% less than the 56 days for M-PA field assuming no interruptions. These results suggest that the @entity958 is a safe and effective treatment tolerated by most @entity1 . The advantages of this method are eliminating the possibility of technical error of matching between mantle and para-aortic field, decreasing overall treatment time, and reducing the cost.

title: Extended mantle radiation therapy for pathologic stage I and II XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['Bone marrow suppression']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the macular function by means of multifocal electroretinogram (MF ERG) in eyes with congenital optic disc pit and @entity1713 . The evaluation was performed before and after the successful surgical intervention. DESIGN: Nonrandomized, comparative (self-controlled), interventional trial. @entity1 : Ten @entity1 (10 eyes) with optic disc pit with @entity1713 were treated with the macular buckling procedure and followed up from March 1999 through May 2001. METHODS: In all @entity1 included in the study, MF ERG was recorded before and after treatment. For recording, the VERIS III system (Visual Evoked Response Imaging System; Tomey, Nagoya, Japan) was used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The retinal response densities were studied before and after treatment in areas 1 and 2 and were compared with visual acuity. RESULTS: The MF ERG before treatment showed decreased retinal response densities in all 10 cases. Twelve months after the surgical intervention, the electrical response densities in areas 1 (foveal area) and 2 (parafoveal area) improved. Further improvement was noted in 3 of the 10 @entity1 who completed a follow-up of 18 months after treatment. In 8 of the 10 @entity1 , postoperative visual acuity also increased. In the remaining two @entity1 , visual acuity did not change after treatment, despite improvement of the retinal response densities. CONCLUSIONS: In eyes with congenital optic disc pit with @entity1713 , the decrease in retinal electrophysiologic response before treatment was not limited to the fovea, but also involved the perifoveal area. In all 10 eyes 12 months after treatment, the electrical activities in areas 1 and 2 improved. This improvement was not always followed by an increase in visual acuity. In 2 of the 10 @entity1 , visual acuity remained unchanged. The values of retinal response densities before treatment cannot be used alone as a prognostic factor for the postoperative functional retinal results. It should also be stressed that the results of this study cannot be compared with the results of studies where spontaneous resolution of the @entity1713 occurred.

title: Preoperative and postoperative assessment by multifocal electroretinography in the management of optic disc pits with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['serous macular detachment', 'macular detachment']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

answer: @entity1713 :: (MESH:D012163,Disease) :: ['serous macular detachment']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Reduced or absent cytotrophoblast invasion of the maternal uterine spiral arterioles is a common clinical finding in studies of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, suggesting that the mechanisms mediating invasion of these cells is perturbed. The placenta initially develops in a low @entity26 environment of 1-2% @entity26 until after the 10th week of pregnancy. During this time @entity26 concentration exerts a major influence over trophoblast activity and, @entity519 inducible factors are proposed to be one of many key regulators of first trimester trophoblast behaviour. We used a global gene expression microarray approach to identify signalling pathways and @entity519 -responsive genes of interest involved in invasion of the first trimester trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo under @entity519 conditions where @entity7738 was active. Additionally, first trimester placental samples from different gestational age groups were labelled with anti @entity7738 and @entity2032 to evaluate whether HIFs are differentially expressed and localised across two periods of placental development: (1) early first trimester characterised by @entity519 (6-8 weeks) and (2) late first trimester after initiation of maternal blood flow into the placenta (10-12 weeks). Invasion of HTR8/SVneo was assessed in real-time and was significantly increased in 1% compared with 5% and 21% @entity26 and did not differ between 5% and 21% @entity26 treatments. Eighty-eight genes were differentially expressed between cells cultured in 1% @entity26 (where @entity7738 protein was localised to the nucleus) and 5% @entity26 (where @entity7738 was mainly cytoplasmic). 65% of the genes were predicted to contain @entity7738 : @entity32299 transcription factor binding sites. While @entity2032 staining intensity in trophoblasts of late first trimester placenta was higher than early first trimester (+57%) the percentage of positively stained trophoblast nuclei did not differ between the two time points. There was no difference in the expression level of any of the @entity519 responsive genes of interest, @entity2301 , @entity71053 , @entity71054 , @entity8090 and @entity3334 between early and late first trimester placenta. While @entity7738 and its downstream targets are clearly induced in HTR8/SVneo during in vitro @entity519 conditions, it appears that @entity519 inducible factors and genes are not altered throughout the first 7-12 weeks of placental development, during which the onset of maternal blood flow to the intervillous space takes place.

title: XXXX induced @entity7738 /HIF-2 activity alters trophoblast transcriptional regulation and promotes invasion.

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['Hypoxia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Reduced or absent cytotrophoblast invasion of the maternal uterine spiral arterioles is a common clinical finding in studies of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, suggesting that the mechanisms mediating invasion of these cells is perturbed. The placenta initially develops in a low @entity26 environment of 1-2% @entity26 until after the 10th week of pregnancy. During this time @entity26 concentration exerts a major influence over trophoblast activity and, @entity519 inducible factors are proposed to be one of many key regulators of first trimester trophoblast behaviour. We used a global gene expression microarray approach to identify signalling pathways and @entity519 -responsive genes of interest involved in invasion of the first trimester trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo under @entity519 conditions where @entity7738 was active. Additionally, first trimester placental samples from different gestational age groups were labelled with anti @entity7738 and @entity2032 to evaluate whether HIFs are differentially expressed and localised across two periods of placental development: (1) early first trimester characterised by @entity519 (6-8 weeks) and (2) late first trimester after initiation of maternal blood flow into the placenta (10-12 weeks). Invasion of HTR8/SVneo was assessed in real-time and was significantly increased in 1% compared with 5% and 21% @entity26 and did not differ between 5% and 21% @entity26 treatments. Eighty-eight genes were differentially expressed between cells cultured in 1% @entity26 (where @entity7738 protein was localised to the nucleus) and 5% @entity26 (where @entity7738 was mainly cytoplasmic). 65% of the genes were predicted to contain @entity7738 : @entity32299 transcription factor binding sites. While @entity2032 staining intensity in trophoblasts of late first trimester placenta was higher than early first trimester (+57%) the percentage of positively stained trophoblast nuclei did not differ between the two time points. There was no difference in the expression level of any of the @entity519 responsive genes of interest, @entity2301 , @entity71053 , @entity71054 , @entity8090 and @entity3334 between early and late first trimester placenta. While @entity7738 and its downstream targets are clearly induced in HTR8/SVneo during in vitro @entity519 conditions, it appears that @entity519 inducible factors and genes are not altered throughout the first 7-12 weeks of placental development, during which the onset of maternal blood flow to the intervillous space takes place.

title: @entity519 induced XXXX /HIF-2 activity alters trophoblast transcriptional regulation and promotes invasion.

answer: @entity7738 :: (3091,Gene) :: ['HIF-1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Allergen immunotherapy is currently the only disease-modifying treatment available for @entity2023 and @entity56 . OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate the induction of sustained tolerance to allergen when anti- @entity3646 was combined with a suboptimal course of grass pollen @entity9285 ( @entity9285 ) using the allergen-induced skin late-phase response (LPR) and exploratory immune monitoring as surrogate markers of therapeutic response. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind, 3-group parallel design trial, 37 @entity1 with @entity2023 received suboptimal @entity9285 (30,000 standardized quality units) in combination with anti- @entity3646 (VAK694) and suboptimal @entity9285 (30,000 standardized quality units) plus placebo antibody or double placebo (placebo @entity9285 and placebo antibody) restricted to 13  weeks before the grass pollen season. The primary end point was the size of the LPR at 12  months. Exploratory end points included measures of the immunomodulatory activity of treatment by using @entity3646 and @entity688 FluoroSpot assays, flow cytometry of T  cells, and measurement of IgE, IgG4, and facilitated antigen binding. RESULTS: Both active treatment arms led to a substantial and sustained reduction of the LPR with no additional suppression with addition of anti- @entity3646 . Treatment with anti- @entity3646 and @entity9285 compared with @entity9285 alone led to a sustained reduction in allergen-specific @entity3646 -producing cell counts (P  <  .01). Both active treatment arms led to induction of dual @entity3646 / @entity688 -producing cells during the pollen season. CONCLUSION: The combination of anti- @entity3646 with @entity9285 provided no additional benefit over @entity9285 alone in suppressing the allergen-induced skin LPR. A  larger trial is needed to assess whether the observed ex  vivo downregulation of TH2 responses might translate into clinical benefit.

title: Short-term subcutaneous grass pollen immunotherapy under the umbrella of anti- XXXX : A  randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity9285 :: ('MESH:D013352', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous immunotherapy', 'SCIT']

entities_list: @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['seasonal allergic rhinitis', 'allergic rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic asthma']

answer: @entity3646 :: (3565,Gene) :: ['IL-4']


abstract: Tuning curves, spontaneous activity, and rate-intensity (RI) functions were obtained from units in the @entity1573 cochlear nerve. The @entity2198 ( @entity2198 ) was determined from each tuning curve. The shape of each RI function was subjectively evaluated and assigned to one of four RI types. The breakpoint, discharge rate at the highest SPLs, and slopes of the primary and secondary segments were quantified for each function. The @entity2198 and RI type were then related to these variables. A new RI function was observed in which the discharge activity in the secondary segment diminished as stimulus level increased above the breakpoint. This function was called a "sloping-down" type. In 959 units, saturating, sloping-up, sloping-down, and straight RI types were identified in 39.2, 35.5, 12.6, and 12.7% of the sample, respectively. The slope of the primary segment was nearly the same in each of the four types and averaged 5.48 S. s(-1). dB(-1) across all units. The slopes of the secondary segments formed four groupings when segregated by RI type based on the subjective assignments and averaged 0.03, 1.22, -0.90, and 3.95 S. s(-1). dB(-1) in the saturating, sloping-up, sloping-down, and straight types, respectively. The data describing the secondary segments of all units were fit with a multi-compartment polynomial and showed a continuous distribution that segregated, with some overlap, into the different RI categories. The proportion of RI types, as well as the secondary and primary slopes were approximately constant across CFs. In addition, it would appear that the other parameters that define the four types were, for the most part, homogeneously distributed across the frequency axis of the @entity1573 inner ear. Finally, a comparison of RI functions having a common @entity2198 suggested that the compressive nonlinearity that determines RI type may be a phenomenon localized to individual hair cells in the bird ear.

title: Coding of sound intensity in the XXXX cochlear nerve.

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['characteristic frequency', 'CF']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chick']


abstract: The efficacy of @entity7306 (DP), @entity2683 (MX), @entity20130 (AP) and @entity5354 (CZ) on @entity943 was compared (single drug therapy). In addition, the efficacy of the combination therapy of DP with MX was also studied (combination therapy). One hundred of the 106 @entity1 completed the protocol of the single drug therapy. Fifty percent or more reduction in the frequency of ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) was obtained in 24 of 43 @entity1 (56%) with DP, in 24 of 44 (55%) with MX, in 18 of 29 (62%) with AP and 10 of 18 (56%) with CZ. AP was comparatively more effective than the other drugs tested. DP was significantly effective on VPCs with @entity299 as compared to idiopathic VPCs (p less than 0.05), while the other 3 drugs did not have such a tendency. With MX therapy, 10 of the 12 @entity1 with fast VT rate (greater than or equal to 150 beats/min) showed a significant effect while only 4 of the 12 @entity1 with non-fast VT rate (greater than or equal to 100 and 150 beats/min) had a significant one (p less than 0.05). On the other hand, DP, AP and CZ showed almost the same efficacy at any cycle length of VT. Six @entity1 withdrew from the study, 4 because of digestive troubles with MX therapy, 1 because of micturition disturbances with DP and 1 because of @entity1910 with AP. The average therapeutic plasma levels of DP, MX, AP and CZ were 1.76 +/- 0.54 microgram/ml, 1.08 +/- 0.41 microgram/ml, 0.85 +/- 0.43 microgram/ml and 268.2 +/- 123.3 ng/ml, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Therapeutic effectiveness and plasma levels of single or combination use of class I antiarrhythmic agents for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5354 :: ('MESH:C032151', 'Chemical') :: ['cibenzoline']

entities_list: @entity2683 :: ('MESH:D008801', 'Chemical') :: ['mexiletine']

entities_list: @entity7306 :: ('MESH:D004206', 'Chemical') :: ['disopyramide']

entities_list: @entity20130 :: ('MESH:D001073', 'Chemical') :: ['aprindine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['organic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a common bromelain regimen or common @entity5018 regimen are effective in resolving @entity158 and @entity121 associated with delayed onset @entity925 of the elbow flexors. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blinded, repeated measures design was used for this study. SETTING: The study was performed in the Sports Injury Research Lab at an NCAA Division I university. @entity1 : Forty subjects who had not participated in an upper body resistance-training program 3 months prior to the study, suffered @entity158 in the nondominant arm, or experienced an adverse response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or pineapple (bromelain source) were recruited. Thirty-nine subjects finished the study. INTERVENTIONS: Active range of motion (ROM), perceived @entity158 , and peak concentric torque measurements of the nondominant arm were taken prior to and 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours following an eccentric exercise protocol of the elbow flexors. Subjects were assigned to one of four treatment groups (bromelain 300 mg t.i.d., @entity5018 400 mg t.i.d., placebo t.i.d., and control) and began treatment immediately following the exercise protocol. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: No differences among treatments were observed for any of the dependent variables at any time. @entity51 and @entity158 peaked between 48 and 72 hours. @entity18474 were observed between 24 and 72 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of bromelain and @entity5018 had no effect on elbow flexor @entity158 , loss of ROM, or loss of concentric peak torque as a result of an eccentric exercise regimen.

title: Preliminary comparison of bromelain and XXXX for delayed onset @entity925 management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity18474 :: ('MESH:C564040', 'Disease') :: ['Peak torque deficiencies']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['ROM deficits']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain or injury']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle soreness']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle dysfunction']

answer: @entity5018 :: (MESH:D007052,Chemical) :: ['Ibuprofen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a common bromelain regimen or common @entity5018 regimen are effective in resolving @entity158 and @entity121 associated with delayed onset @entity925 of the elbow flexors. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blinded, repeated measures design was used for this study. SETTING: The study was performed in the Sports Injury Research Lab at an NCAA Division I university. @entity1 : Forty subjects who had not participated in an upper body resistance-training program 3 months prior to the study, suffered @entity158 in the nondominant arm, or experienced an adverse response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or pineapple (bromelain source) were recruited. Thirty-nine subjects finished the study. INTERVENTIONS: Active range of motion (ROM), perceived @entity158 , and peak concentric torque measurements of the nondominant arm were taken prior to and 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours following an eccentric exercise protocol of the elbow flexors. Subjects were assigned to one of four treatment groups (bromelain 300 mg t.i.d., @entity5018 400 mg t.i.d., placebo t.i.d., and control) and began treatment immediately following the exercise protocol. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: No differences among treatments were observed for any of the dependent variables at any time. @entity51 and @entity158 peaked between 48 and 72 hours. @entity18474 were observed between 24 and 72 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of bromelain and @entity5018 had no effect on elbow flexor @entity158 , loss of ROM, or loss of concentric peak torque as a result of an eccentric exercise regimen.

title: Preliminary comparison of bromelain and @entity5018 for delayed onset XXXX management.

answer: @entity925 :: (MESH:D063806,Disease) :: ['muscle soreness']


abstract: 21 @entity1 with @entity4327 were treated at this clinic over a period of 3 years. 15 @entity1 had metapneumonic @entity3509 , 2 @entity3509 associated with @entity295 , and 4 postsurgical @entity3509 . In 12 @entity1 the underlying illness was @entity102 while 9 @entity1 were thus far in good health. The most frequent causative pathogens were staphylococci and streptococci, together with anaerobic bacteria. One @entity1 died of the underlying disease. Three cases of metapneumonic @entity3509 healed completely with antibiotics only. Closed chest tube drainage with small chest tube was performed 13 times and was successful 11 times with a mean drainage duration of 13 days. Six @entity1 underwent surgery (early decortication in 4 instances, late decortication in 2). The surgical indication was in 4 instances multilocular of the @entity3509 which inhibited chest tube drainage, imminent loss of function in 1 case and unsuccessful drainage in a case of @entity292 in 1 instance. Apart from high-dose antibiotic therapy, earliest possible drainage is of crucial importance in the treatment of @entity4327 . Surgery should be considered only in uncomplicated @entity3509 if drainage is impossible for technical reasons.

title: [Diagnosis and therapy of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopleural fistula']

entities_list: @entity4327 :: ('MESH:D016724', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic empyema']

answer: @entity4327 :: (MESH:D016724,Disease) :: ['pleural empyema']


abstract: This prospective study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh. The objective was to identify the time required to control high blood pressure levels in @entity2143 @entity1 by injection of @entity2514 in a bolus intravenous dose vs continuous drip. Seventy-seven @entity1 with @entity3036 and @entity101 emergencies comprised the target population. @entity1 were managed either by @entity2514 drip in normal saline (existing official protocol, n = 33) or @entity2514 bolus injection (as experiment, n = 44) until diastolic blood pressure fell to 90-95 mmHg. Results were compared. Student's t-test was done for statistical significance, and a P value of <.05 was considered as significant. The groups were similar with respect to maternal age and their mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the time of enrollment. @entity1 who received bolus injection required less time to achieve the therapeutic goal (65.23 +/- 23.38 minutes) than continuous drip (186.36 +/- 79.77 minutes; P <.001). The experimental group also required significantly lower doses (6.68 +/- 1.66 mg) in comparison to that required by control group (20.07 +/- 11.38 mg; P <.001). There was no overshoot @entity551 in either group. The data suggest that @entity2514 bolus dose is equally safe and more effective than continuous drip in the management of @entity101 emergencies in pregnancy.

title: Management of @entity101 emergencies of pregnancy by XXXX bolus injection vs continuous drip--a comparative study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity2514 :: ('MESH:D006830', 'Chemical') :: ['hydralazine']

entities_list: @entity2143 :: ('MESH:D048949', 'Disease') :: ['obstetric']

entities_list: @entity3036 :: ('MESH:D004461', 'Disease') :: ['eclampsia']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity2514 :: (MESH:D006830,Chemical) :: ['hydralazine']