abstract: Hemodynamic and humoral responses to tilting were examined in order to elucidate the autonomic nervous function in @entity6 @entity1 . Eleven @entity6 ( @entity3918 ) and eleven non- @entity6 (non- @entity3918 ) @entity1 on maintenance hemodialysis treatment were involved in the experimentation, matching the age and the duration of hemodialysis. Cardiac output, blood pressure, plasma @entity916 activity (PRA), @entity1063 (NE) and @entity1425 (EP) were measured before and 5 minutes after the 45 degree tilting. By the tilting the blood pressure significantly fell in @entity3918 , whereas it rose slightly but significantly in non- @entity3918 . In both groups, however, the heart rate remained unchanged, and either cardiac index or @entity64 volume index decreased equally. The percentile increase in total peripheral resistance index (TPRI) was significantly smaller in @entity3918 (14.6%) than in non- @entity3918 (27.9%). There was a significant correlation between the changes in TPRI and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.730, p less than 0.01). NE and EP increased significantly in non- @entity3918 but not in @entity3918 . Blood pressure reduced by the tilting in @entity3918 was associated with a small or equivocal response in either TPRI or plasma NE. The heart rate did not respond to the tilting in both groups. These results indicate that both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are deranged in @entity6 @entity1 but parasympathetic dysfunction is evident even in non- @entity6 @entity1 .

title: The hemodynamic and humoral responses to tilting in @entity6 XXXX on chronic hemodialysis treatment.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the radiological and clinical results of complete subtalar release in @entity1 with @entity85 . METHODS: We performed complete subtalar release in 30 feet of 20 @entity1 (14 @entity1 , 6 @entity1 ; mean age 8 months; range 3.5 to 18.5 months). We employed the Cincinnati incision in all cases. The results were evaluated according to the Simon's clinical and radiological criteria. Tarsal bone problems were analyzed separately. The mean follow-up period was 24.6 months (range 12 to 41 months). RESULTS: Clinical results were satisfactory in 24 feet (80%) and unsatisfactory in six feet (20%). Radiologically, satisfactory and unsatisfactory results were encountered in 19 feet (63%) and 11 feet (37%), respectively. Undercorrection occurred in 13 feet (43.3%) and overcorrection in one foot (1.4%). Revision surgery which was recommended for five undercorrected feet (16.6%) with unsatisfactory clinical and radiological results could be performed in four feet (13.3%). Deep @entity39 that occurred in two feet (one with @entity39 ) was treated surgically. Superficial @entity39 developed in five feet and soft tissue infection in one feet, all of which responded well to conservative treatment. Other complications included @entity135 and @entity6995 in two feet, respectively. CONCLUSION: Complete subtalar release allows to correct all components of @entity85 in a single session. The results may appreciably be improved with enhanced surgical experience.

title: [Early results of complete subtalar release in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['talar head hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity6995 :: ('MESH:D055034', 'Disease') :: ['navicular hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Achilles tendon necrosis', 'skin necrosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['clubfoot deformity', 'congenital clubfoot deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['congenital clubfoot deformity']


abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine the feasibility of preserving ovarian function after heterotopic transplantation by means of microvascular @entity254 of the transplanted vascular pedicles to a set of preselected vessels. Six groups of 10 Sprague-Dawley inbred @entity35 were used in this study. Group I underwent bilateral ovariectomy operation and served as the ovariectomy control. Group II underwent bilateral ovariectomy followed by @entity43 . Group III underwent bilateral ovariectomy and isogenic heterotopic ovarian transplantation by means of microvascular @entity254 . Group IV served as the laparotomy sham-operated control. Group V served as the ovarian donor for group II. Group VI served as the donor of the @entity2670 pedicle complex for group III. Postoperative ovarian @entity53 levels were measured, and histological characteristics were elucidated in groups I, II, III, and IV. The results demonstrated that the @entity53 level of the transplantation group was comparable to that of the sham operation group and was significantly higher than that of the implantation group. Histologically normal ovarian architecture was observed in the sham group (IV) and also in the transplantation group (III). Altered architecture was observed in the implantation group (II). These findings indicate that extraabdominal heterotopic ovarian transplantation with microvascular @entity254 led to normal ovarian hormonal function and was effective in preserving oocyte production capacity.

title: Evaluation of the hormonal function and histological features of heterotopic isogenic ovarian transplantation in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopic isogenic ovarian implantation']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian-kidney vascular']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Acute and chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can increase gastrointestinal permeability. @entity12698 , which selectively inhibits the enzyme @entity3840 , is a novel anti-inflammatory drug with minimal @entity344 effects while retaining anti-inflammatory efficacy. Our aim was to assess the potential effects of @entity12698 on gastric permeability in comparison with placebo and @entity5018 . DESIGN: We conducted a prospective, double-blind, cross-over study. SETTING: This study is carried out at Marmara University Hospital. @entity1 : Twenty-five healthy subjects entered the study but 19 subjects completed the treatment. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomized to @entity12698 100 mg twice daily, @entity5018 600 mg twice daily or placebo for 7 days in pre-defined sequences. Treatments were separated by a 7 day washout period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Gastric permeability was assessed by measuring urinary excretion of @entity969 spectrophotometrically. RESULTS: @entity5018 600 mg twice daily produced greater increases in gastric permeability compared with placebo or @entity12698 (geometric mean of urinary @entity969 recovery was 59.15, 32.65 and 33.11 mg/h for @entity5018 , placebo and @entity12698 , respectively) (P < 0.001). @entity12698 was generally better tolerated than @entity5018 . CONCLUSIONS: When compared with @entity5018 , @entity12698 100 mg twice daily has no significant effect on gastric mucosa in healthy subjects.

title: Effects of selective COX-2 inhibitors on the gastric permeability of @entity969 : a controlled study with placebo and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib', 'Celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['Ibuprofen', 'ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal toxic']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

answer: @entity5018 :: (MESH:D007052,Chemical) :: ['ibuprofen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Acute and chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can increase gastrointestinal permeability. @entity12698 , which selectively inhibits the enzyme @entity3840 , is a novel anti-inflammatory drug with minimal @entity344 effects while retaining anti-inflammatory efficacy. Our aim was to assess the potential effects of @entity12698 on gastric permeability in comparison with placebo and @entity5018 . DESIGN: We conducted a prospective, double-blind, cross-over study. SETTING: This study is carried out at Marmara University Hospital. @entity1 : Twenty-five healthy subjects entered the study but 19 subjects completed the treatment. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomized to @entity12698 100 mg twice daily, @entity5018 600 mg twice daily or placebo for 7 days in pre-defined sequences. Treatments were separated by a 7 day washout period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Gastric permeability was assessed by measuring urinary excretion of @entity969 spectrophotometrically. RESULTS: @entity5018 600 mg twice daily produced greater increases in gastric permeability compared with placebo or @entity12698 (geometric mean of urinary @entity969 recovery was 59.15, 32.65 and 33.11 mg/h for @entity5018 , placebo and @entity12698 , respectively) (P < 0.001). @entity12698 was generally better tolerated than @entity5018 . CONCLUSIONS: When compared with @entity5018 , @entity12698 100 mg twice daily has no significant effect on gastric mucosa in healthy subjects.

title: Effects of selective COX-2 inhibitors on the gastric permeability of XXXX : a controlled study with placebo and @entity5018 .

answer: @entity969 :: (MESH:D013395,Chemical) :: ['sucrose']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The adipocyte derived hormone leptin plays a critical role in the control of reproduction via signalling in hypothalamic neurones. The drivers of the @entity2339 , the @entity1176 neurones, do not have the receptors for leptin. Therefore, intermediate leptin responsive neurones must provide leptin-to- @entity1176 signalling. We investigated the populations of leptin responsive neurones that provide input to the rostral preoptic area (rPOA, where @entity1176 cell bodies reside). Fluorescent retrograde tracer beads (RetroBeads) were injected into the rPOA of transgenic leptin receptor reporter ( @entity18070 -eGFP) female @entity19 . Uptake of the RetroBeads by @entity18070 -eGFP neurones was assessed throughout the hypothalamus. RetroBead uptake was most evident in the medial arcuate nucleus (Arc), the dorsomedial nucleus (DMN), and the ventral premammillary nucleus ( @entity22844 ) of the hypothalamus. The uptake of RetroBeads specifically by @entity18070 -eGFP neurones was highest in the medial Arc (18% of tracer-labelled neurons @entity18070 -eGFP-positive). Since we have previously shown that neurones which are both leptin responsive and GABAergic play a critical role in leptin's regulation of fertility, we next focussed on the location of these populations. To address whether GABAergic neurones in leptin-responsive hypothalamic regions project to the rPOA, the experiment was repeated in @entity1246 neurone reporter @entity19 (Vgat-tdTomato). Between 10 and 45% of RetroBead labelled neurones in the Arc were GABAergic, whereas uptake of tracer by GABAergic neurones in the DMN and @entity22844 was very low (<5%). These results show that both leptin responsive and GABAergic neurones from the Arc project to the region of the @entity1176 cell bodies. Our findings suggest that @entity18070 -expressing @entity1246 neurones from the Arc may be mediators of leptin-to- @entity1176 signalling. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Leptin Responsive and GABAergic Projections to the Rostral Preoptic Area in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mice']


abstract: We used the movements of adult milking @entity291 among farms enrolled in the Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) program in Ontario to explore the size of an epidemic that might result from farm-to-farm movements of @entity291 in the Province if a reportable long-incubation @entity378 ( @entity378 ) were introduced and not detected for 1-3 years after introduction. A directed network was created for each year (2004-2006) using all pairs of individual shipments, defined as the movement of one or more @entity291 on a single day, from a single source DHI farm to a single recipient DHI farm. A 3-year network was also developed that included all @entity291 shipments that took place during these 3 years. The lower and upper bounds of potential maximal epidemic size were estimated using four network-analysis measures: (1) the farm out-degree, (2) the size of the largest strong and weak components, (3) the bow-tie approach, classifying farms into six different areas of a directed network and (4) the @entity281 chain of a farm. All four of the DHI movement networks were found to be small-world, indicating that @entity281 could spread over considerable distances by shipments that linked potentially distant clusters of farms. The networks were also scale-free, indicating most farms had relatively few connections to other farms, while there were a few highly connected farms. Characterization of the yearly networks showed that 41-47% of DHI farms were not involved in any @entity291 shipments and were therefore not at risk of @entity281 from this movement network; furthermore, if @entity281 were introduced into a DHI farm that shipped animals that year, the @entity281 would have stopped at that farm (or at least, not been passed on by shipment of adult milking @entity291 ) >50% of the time, and 75% of the time only one more DHI farm would have become infected through animal movements. Compared to the @entity281 chain, which accounted for both the direction and the time sequence of shipments in the movement network, the other network-analysis measures provided biased estimates of potential epidemic size. The bow-tie approach provided a schematic representation of the level of risk of each farm in the network in spreading an @entity281 , but overestimated the lower- and upper-bound measures of potential epidemic size because it did not account for the time sequence of shipments. Our @entity281 -chain results suggest that introducing a long-incubation disease into the network of farms enrolled in the DHI program in Ontario that was not identified until 12 months after the incursion would, in a worst-case scenario, have resulted in 168 farms (representing 5% of all Ontario DHI herds) being infected as a consequence of adult @entity291 movements among DHI farms. This estimate increased to 850 farms (26% of all DHI herds) if the @entity281 were not identified for 36 months.

title: Estimating potential epidemic size following introduction of a long-incubation disease in scale-free connected networks of milking- XXXX movements in Ontario, Canada.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['infection like tuberculosis', 'TB']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cow']


abstract: Obliteration of the fat plane surrounding the superior mesenteric artery has been described as characteristic of @entity3123 . To determine the specificity of this and other computed tomography findings in the pancreas and peripancreatic region, scans of 86 @entity1 were reviewed without clinical history. Diagnoses included @entity788 (26 @entity1 ); @entity788 (14 @entity1 ); @entity706 (17 @entity1 ); metastatic @entity189 (14 @entity1 ); and normal findings (15 @entity1 ). Confluent @entity3018 could not be reliably differentiated from a pancreatic mass except when @entity3018 separated the common bile duct from the duodenum. Retrocrural @entity3018 was unusual with @entity3123 . The fat plane surrounding the superior mesenteric artery was obliterated with @entity3123 (36%), @entity189 (29%), and @entity706 (24%), but not with @entity788 , although perivascular @entity4 was seen in 19%. Evaluation of the @entity1593 was less rewarding. Obliteration of the superior mesenteric artery fat plane is a sign of @entity5 , but it is not specific for @entity3123 . We propose that the superior mesenteric artery origin be considered within a paraaortic space, separate from the anterior pararenal space. This explains its characteristic lack of involvement by @entity788 .

title: The superior mesenteric artery fat plane: is obliteration pathognomonic of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3018 :: ('MESH:D009377', 'Disease') :: ['adenopathy']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac axis']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nonpancreatic carcinoma']

answer: @entity3123 :: (MESH:C562463,Disease) :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although @entity1068 ablation (EA) is effective in the treatment of cystic thyroid nodules, it is less effective in nodules with solid component. Therefore refractory cases with solid component require another treatment modality such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which is effective in both solid and cystic thyroid nodules. We prospectively evaluated the efficacy of additional RFA and factors related to @entity353 in @entity1 showing unsatisfactory results after a single session of EA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 94 @entity1 with predominantly cystic thyroid nodules who underwent EA, 20 @entity1 underwent additional RFA because of incompletely resolved clinical problems (symptomatic score reduction <50%) and presence of residual solid component at 1-month follow-up on ultrasonography. Improvement of clinical symptoms and nodule @entity353 were evaluated 6 month later. We evaluated factors related to nodule @entity353 after EA and RFA. RESULTS: RFA after a single session of EA was effective in reducing mean symptom score from 4.8 to 1.1 (p<0.001), mean cosmetic score from 3.5 to 1.4 (p<0.001) and mean nodule volume from 11.3 to 0.9 mL (p<0.001). The only independent factor related to @entity353 after EA was the presence of a solid component (p<0.001), and EA was less effective in nodules when solid component >20% (p=0.001). We identified no factors related to @entity353 after RFA. CONCLUSION: RFA is effective in treatment of benign predominantly cystic thyroid nodules in @entity1 whose clinical problems were incompletely resolved after EA.

title: How to manage the @entity1 with unsatisfactory results after XXXX ablation for thyroid nodules: role of radiofrequency ablation.

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['volume reduction']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although @entity1068 ablation (EA) is effective in the treatment of cystic thyroid nodules, it is less effective in nodules with solid component. Therefore refractory cases with solid component require another treatment modality such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which is effective in both solid and cystic thyroid nodules. We prospectively evaluated the efficacy of additional RFA and factors related to @entity353 in @entity1 showing unsatisfactory results after a single session of EA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 94 @entity1 with predominantly cystic thyroid nodules who underwent EA, 20 @entity1 underwent additional RFA because of incompletely resolved clinical problems (symptomatic score reduction <50%) and presence of residual solid component at 1-month follow-up on ultrasonography. Improvement of clinical symptoms and nodule @entity353 were evaluated 6 month later. We evaluated factors related to nodule @entity353 after EA and RFA. RESULTS: RFA after a single session of EA was effective in reducing mean symptom score from 4.8 to 1.1 (p<0.001), mean cosmetic score from 3.5 to 1.4 (p<0.001) and mean nodule volume from 11.3 to 0.9 mL (p<0.001). The only independent factor related to @entity353 after EA was the presence of a solid component (p<0.001), and EA was less effective in nodules when solid component >20% (p=0.001). We identified no factors related to @entity353 after RFA. CONCLUSION: RFA is effective in treatment of benign predominantly cystic thyroid nodules in @entity1 whose clinical problems were incompletely resolved after EA.

title: How to manage the XXXX with unsatisfactory results after @entity1068 ablation for thyroid nodules: role of radiofrequency ablation.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: When laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) was introduced as a novel treatment option for @entity263 , it had to compete with the established open techniques. The short- and intermediate-term oncologic and functional outcomes were encouraging and comparable to those with retropubic radical prostatectomy. However, the long-term oncologic safety for LRP has yet to be fully elucidated. We evaluated the long-term oncologic outcomes of an initial series of @entity1 who had undergone LRP. @entity1 AND METHODS: An initial unselected and consecutive series of 100 @entity1 who had undergone LRP for clinically @entity263 from 1999 to 2001 was identified. The pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were collected. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) was defined as a @entity1486 (PSA) value of  >=  0.2 ng/mL. The outcome measures were @entity5 control (CC), BCR-free survival (BCRFS), @entity5 -specific survival (CSS), and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: The mean @entity1 age was 64    7 years, and the mean preoperative PSA level was 9.6    8.3 ng/mL. Of the 100 @entity1 , 79 (79%) had stage pT2 and 15 (15%) had stage @entity1803 disease. Positive surgical margins were found in 25 @entity1 (25%; 16.4% for pT2 and 40% for @entity1803 ). The median follow-up time was 126 months (range, 60-176 months). The 5-year CC rate was 82%. The estimated 10-year BCRFS was 83% and 80% for @entity1 with stage pT2 and @entity1803 @entity5 , respectively. The median time to BCR was 52 months (range, 6-144 months). The estimated 10-year CSS and @entity1349 was 98% and 93%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our long-term follow-up data from an initial unselected @entity1 cohort have indicated that LRP offers excellent long-term oncologic control for @entity1 with @entity263 .

title: Long-Term Oncologic Outcome of an Initial Series of Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy for Clinically Localized XXXX After a Median Follow-up of 10 Years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and early and late outcomes of carotid endarterectomy in treating extracranial @entity543 . METHODS: From January 2010 to September 2014, 572 consecutive @entity1 with @entity543 underwent 618 @entity787 operations. 470 @entity1 were males and 102 @entity1 were females. Their age range was 36-87 years old. Average age was 66 years old. Among these @entity1 , symptomatic @entity543 is 58.2%, @entity787 high-risk @entity1 is 26.9% and 35.6% @entity1 combined contralateral @entity2998 heavy @entity850 or totally occlusion. RESULTS: All the operations were success. Overall, perioperative major adverse events ( @entity204 / @entity64 /MI, MAEs) rates were 3.7%. The risk of MAEs was not associated with whether symptomatic @entity543 , @entity787 high-risk @entity1 and the lesions of contralateral @entity2998 or not. 511 @entity1 were followed up for a mean period of 42 months. MAEs rate in follow-up period is 8.5% and restenosis rate is 3.3%. The results of Kaplan-Meier survival analysis show symptomatic @entity543 and @entity787 high-risk @entity1 couldn't increase the risk of MAEs. However, heavy @entity850 in contralateral @entity2998 could increase the rate of @entity204 and @entity64 in the late follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity787 is a safety and effective method to treat extracranial @entity543 . The keys to prevent perioperative complications include a comprehensive evaluation of the @entity1 ' condition, an optional and personal surgical plan prior to the operations, and a dedicated management during the operations.

title: [Experience of carotid endarterectomy in treating extracranial XXXX : early and mid-term outcomes of 618 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery stenosis']

answer: @entity543 :: (MESH:D016893,Disease) :: ['carotid artery stenosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the antitumor effects of the @entity3470 inhibitor @entity2239 in @entity0 stem cells and total cells in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: In vitro studies, we sorted ESA(+) @entity3844 (+) @entity26720 (-/low) cells as stem cells using flow cytometry from primary @entity0 cells. Apoptosis and the cell cycle distributions of stem cells were examined by flow cytometry. The tumorigenicity of stem cells after treatment was investigated by soft agar colony formation assays. BALB/c @entity19 were injected with stem cells and the different treatments were administered. After necropsy, the expression of @entity14160 , @entity5231 , @entity1994 , and phospho-AKT (Thr308) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Treatment with @entity2239 resulted in growth inhibition of all stem cells in a dose-dependent manner. An increase in G0-G1 cell cycle arrest and an increased population of cells in early apoptosis were seen in @entity2239 treatment. In vivo, the volumes of the xenograft @entity5 significantly decreased in @entity2239 alone group compared to control group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2239 could inhibit the growth of both total @entity0 cells and sorted stem cells in vitro and in vivo.

title: [Drug sensitivity research of @entity3470 inhibitor on XXXX stem cells].

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['Everolimus', 'everolimus']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the antitumor effects of the @entity3470 inhibitor @entity2239 in @entity0 stem cells and total cells in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: In vitro studies, we sorted ESA(+) @entity3844 (+) @entity26720 (-/low) cells as stem cells using flow cytometry from primary @entity0 cells. Apoptosis and the cell cycle distributions of stem cells were examined by flow cytometry. The tumorigenicity of stem cells after treatment was investigated by soft agar colony formation assays. BALB/c @entity19 were injected with stem cells and the different treatments were administered. After necropsy, the expression of @entity14160 , @entity5231 , @entity1994 , and phospho-AKT (Thr308) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Treatment with @entity2239 resulted in growth inhibition of all stem cells in a dose-dependent manner. An increase in G0-G1 cell cycle arrest and an increased population of cells in early apoptosis were seen in @entity2239 treatment. In vivo, the volumes of the xenograft @entity5 significantly decreased in @entity2239 alone group compared to control group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2239 could inhibit the growth of both total @entity0 cells and sorted stem cells in vitro and in vivo.

title: [Drug sensitivity research of XXXX inhibitor on @entity0 stem cells].

answer: @entity3470 :: (21977(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['mTOR']


abstract: @entity291 aortic @entity3960 ( @entity3960 ) phenotype can be altered by physical forces. This has been demonstrated by cyclic strain-induced changes in proliferation and alignment. However, the intracellular coupling pathways remain ill defined. In the present study, we examined whether the @entity28071 and S6 kinase pathway were involved in the mitogenic and morphological changes seen in SMCs exposed to cyclic strain. We seeded @entity291 aortic SMCs on silastic membranes that were deformed with 150-mmHg vacuum. Cyclic strain induced both alignment and proliferation of SMCs. @entity4285 , a specific inhibitor of @entity28071 , hindered @entity3960 alignment, but not proliferation. @entity3446 , a specific inhibitor of the mTOR-S6 kinase pathway, attenuated strain-induced proliferation, but not alignment. Peak activation of @entity28071 and S6 kinase was 351 +/- 76.9% at 5 min and 363 +/- 56.2% at 60 min compared with static control, respectively (P < 0.05). The results suggest that strain-induced @entity3960 alignment is dependent on activation of @entity28071 , but not S6 kinase. Strain induced @entity3960 proliferation is S6 kinase, but not @entity28071 activation, dependent.

title: Involvement of S6 kinase and XXXX mitogen activated protein kinase pathways in strain-induced alignment and proliferation of @entity291 aortic smooth muscle cells.

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['Rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity3960 :: ('MESH:D018235', 'Disease') :: ['smooth muscle cell', 'SMC']

answer: @entity28071 :: (534492(Tax:9913),Gene) :: ['p38']


abstract: @entity291 aortic @entity3960 ( @entity3960 ) phenotype can be altered by physical forces. This has been demonstrated by cyclic strain-induced changes in proliferation and alignment. However, the intracellular coupling pathways remain ill defined. In the present study, we examined whether the @entity28071 and S6 kinase pathway were involved in the mitogenic and morphological changes seen in SMCs exposed to cyclic strain. We seeded @entity291 aortic SMCs on silastic membranes that were deformed with 150-mmHg vacuum. Cyclic strain induced both alignment and proliferation of SMCs. @entity4285 , a specific inhibitor of @entity28071 , hindered @entity3960 alignment, but not proliferation. @entity3446 , a specific inhibitor of the mTOR-S6 kinase pathway, attenuated strain-induced proliferation, but not alignment. Peak activation of @entity28071 and S6 kinase was 351 +/- 76.9% at 5 min and 363 +/- 56.2% at 60 min compared with static control, respectively (P < 0.05). The results suggest that strain-induced @entity3960 alignment is dependent on activation of @entity28071 , but not S6 kinase. Strain induced @entity3960 proliferation is S6 kinase, but not @entity28071 activation, dependent.

title: Involvement of S6 kinase and @entity28071 mitogen activated protein kinase pathways in strain-induced alignment and proliferation of XXXX aortic smooth muscle cells.

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of @entity3884 -rich saline on cardiomyocyte autophagy during @entity741 -reperfusion in aged @entity35 . METHODS: One hundred and fifty healthy male @entity35 , 18 months old, weighing 400-540 g were selected. The @entity35 were then randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 30): Normal control group (group I); Sham operation group (group II); @entity741 -reperfusion group (group III); @entity3884 -rich saline group (group IV); Normal saline group (group V). No any processing in group I. In group II, the anterior descending branch was only exposed but not ligated. Myocardial I/R was induced by occlusion of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery for 30 min followed by 12 h and 24 h of reperfusion with Bimbaum. @entity3884 -rich saline 1 ml/100 g were injected intraperitoneally 5 min before reperfusion in group IV. Normal saline 1 ml/100 g were injected intraperitoneally 5 min before reperfusion in group V. The @entity35 were sacrificed at 12 h and 24 h of reperfusion and hearts were removed. The pathological changes of myocardial tissue were detected by HE staining. The rate of cardiomyocyte autophagy were detected by the MDC fluorescent dye and flow cytometry instrument. The expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 in myocardial tissue was investigated by Western blot. RESULT: Compared with groups I and II, the rate of cardiomyocyte autophagy, the expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 in myocardial tissue were significantly increased at 12 h, 24 h in groups III, IV and V (F = 23.45, 26.65, 25.58; F = 23.16, 25.15, 27.85; F = 21.04, 24.83, 27.43; F = 22.15, 25.79, 29.05; F = 22.58, 27.25, 28.46), P < 0.05. Compared with group III and V, the rate of cardiomyocyte autophagy, the expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 were significantly decreased at 12 h, 24 h in group IV (F = 21.29, 24.71; F = 22.37, 25.84; F = 20.48, 22.38; F = 21.76, 28.43; F = 22.54, 27.21), P < 0.05. CONCLUSION: @entity3884 -rich saline can attenuate myocardial reperfusion injury through inhibiting cardiomyocyte autophagy. The mechanism may be associated with decreasing the expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 in myocardial tissue.

title: [Effect of @entity3884 -rich saline on cardiomyocyte autophagy during XXXX -reperfusion in aged @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen', 'Hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial ischemia', 'myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['myocardial ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of @entity3884 -rich saline on cardiomyocyte autophagy during @entity741 -reperfusion in aged @entity35 . METHODS: One hundred and fifty healthy male @entity35 , 18 months old, weighing 400-540 g were selected. The @entity35 were then randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 30): Normal control group (group I); Sham operation group (group II); @entity741 -reperfusion group (group III); @entity3884 -rich saline group (group IV); Normal saline group (group V). No any processing in group I. In group II, the anterior descending branch was only exposed but not ligated. Myocardial I/R was induced by occlusion of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery for 30 min followed by 12 h and 24 h of reperfusion with Bimbaum. @entity3884 -rich saline 1 ml/100 g were injected intraperitoneally 5 min before reperfusion in group IV. Normal saline 1 ml/100 g were injected intraperitoneally 5 min before reperfusion in group V. The @entity35 were sacrificed at 12 h and 24 h of reperfusion and hearts were removed. The pathological changes of myocardial tissue were detected by HE staining. The rate of cardiomyocyte autophagy were detected by the MDC fluorescent dye and flow cytometry instrument. The expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 in myocardial tissue was investigated by Western blot. RESULT: Compared with groups I and II, the rate of cardiomyocyte autophagy, the expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 in myocardial tissue were significantly increased at 12 h, 24 h in groups III, IV and V (F = 23.45, 26.65, 25.58; F = 23.16, 25.15, 27.85; F = 21.04, 24.83, 27.43; F = 22.15, 25.79, 29.05; F = 22.58, 27.25, 28.46), P < 0.05. Compared with group III and V, the rate of cardiomyocyte autophagy, the expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 were significantly decreased at 12 h, 24 h in group IV (F = 21.29, 24.71; F = 22.37, 25.84; F = 20.48, 22.38; F = 21.76, 28.43; F = 22.54, 27.21), P < 0.05. CONCLUSION: @entity3884 -rich saline can attenuate myocardial reperfusion injury through inhibiting cardiomyocyte autophagy. The mechanism may be associated with decreasing the expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 in myocardial tissue.

title: [Effect of XXXX -rich saline on cardiomyocyte autophagy during @entity741 -reperfusion in aged @entity35 ].

answer: @entity3884 :: (MESH:D006859,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of @entity3884 -rich saline on cardiomyocyte autophagy during @entity741 -reperfusion in aged @entity35 . METHODS: One hundred and fifty healthy male @entity35 , 18 months old, weighing 400-540 g were selected. The @entity35 were then randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 30): Normal control group (group I); Sham operation group (group II); @entity741 -reperfusion group (group III); @entity3884 -rich saline group (group IV); Normal saline group (group V). No any processing in group I. In group II, the anterior descending branch was only exposed but not ligated. Myocardial I/R was induced by occlusion of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery for 30 min followed by 12 h and 24 h of reperfusion with Bimbaum. @entity3884 -rich saline 1 ml/100 g were injected intraperitoneally 5 min before reperfusion in group IV. Normal saline 1 ml/100 g were injected intraperitoneally 5 min before reperfusion in group V. The @entity35 were sacrificed at 12 h and 24 h of reperfusion and hearts were removed. The pathological changes of myocardial tissue were detected by HE staining. The rate of cardiomyocyte autophagy were detected by the MDC fluorescent dye and flow cytometry instrument. The expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 in myocardial tissue was investigated by Western blot. RESULT: Compared with groups I and II, the rate of cardiomyocyte autophagy, the expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 in myocardial tissue were significantly increased at 12 h, 24 h in groups III, IV and V (F = 23.45, 26.65, 25.58; F = 23.16, 25.15, 27.85; F = 21.04, 24.83, 27.43; F = 22.15, 25.79, 29.05; F = 22.58, 27.25, 28.46), P < 0.05. Compared with group III and V, the rate of cardiomyocyte autophagy, the expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 were significantly decreased at 12 h, 24 h in group IV (F = 21.29, 24.71; F = 22.37, 25.84; F = 20.48, 22.38; F = 21.76, 28.43; F = 22.54, 27.21), P < 0.05. CONCLUSION: @entity3884 -rich saline can attenuate myocardial reperfusion injury through inhibiting cardiomyocyte autophagy. The mechanism may be associated with decreasing the expression of @entity28890 , @entity3470 , Beclin1, @entity5615 in myocardial tissue.

title: [Effect of @entity3884 -rich saline on cardiomyocyte autophagy during @entity741 -reperfusion in aged XXXX ].

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between neuropsychiatric symptoms and risk of institutionalization and @entity204 . DESIGN: Analysis of longitudinal data. SETTING: The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS). @entity1 : Five hundred thirty-seven adults aged 71 and older with @entity73 drawn from the @entity283 ( @entity283 ). MEASUREMENTS: @entity146 (delusions, @entity1833 , @entity2146 , @entity308 , apathy, elation, @entity148 , @entity4943 , @entity146 , and aberrant motor behaviors) and @entity147 were identified using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. A consensus panel in the ADAMS assigned cognitive category. Date of nursing home placement and information on @entity204 , functional limitations, medical comorbidity, and sociodemographic characteristics were obtained from the @entity283 and ADAMS. RESULTS: Overall, the presence of one or more neuropsychiatric symptoms was not associated with a significantly higher risk for institutionalization or @entity204 during the 5-year study period, although when assessing each symptom individually, @entity308 , delusions, and @entity2146 were each associated with a significantly higher risk of institutionalization (hazard rate (HR)=3.06, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.09-8.59 for @entity308 ; HR=5.74, 95% CI=1.94-16.96 for clinically significant delusions; HR=4.70, 95% CI=1.07-20.70 for clinically significant @entity2146 ). Caregiver distress mediated the association between delusions and @entity2146 and institutionalization. @entity308 and @entity1833 were associated with significantly higher mortality (HR=1.56, 95% CI=1.08-2.26 for @entity308 ; HR=2.59, 95% CI=1.09-6.16 for clinically significant @entity1833 ). CONCLUSION: Some, but not all, neuropsychiatric symptoms are associated with a higher risk of institutionalization and @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity73 also influences institutionalization. Interventions that better target and treat @entity308 , delusions, @entity2146 , and @entity1833 , as well as @entity147 , may help delay or prevent these negative clinical outcomes.

title: @entity146 and the risk of institutionalization and XXXX : the aging, demographics, and memory study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity283 :: ('OMIM:603663', 'Disease') :: ['HRS', 'Health and Retirement Study']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropsychiatric symptoms', 'irritation']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive impairment, and caregiver distress']

entities_list: @entity147 :: ('MESH:D005316', 'Disease') :: ['caregiver distress']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['disinhibition']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between neuropsychiatric symptoms and risk of institutionalization and @entity204 . DESIGN: Analysis of longitudinal data. SETTING: The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS). @entity1 : Five hundred thirty-seven adults aged 71 and older with @entity73 drawn from the @entity283 ( @entity283 ). MEASUREMENTS: @entity146 (delusions, @entity1833 , @entity2146 , @entity308 , apathy, elation, @entity148 , @entity4943 , @entity146 , and aberrant motor behaviors) and @entity147 were identified using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. A consensus panel in the ADAMS assigned cognitive category. Date of nursing home placement and information on @entity204 , functional limitations, medical comorbidity, and sociodemographic characteristics were obtained from the @entity283 and ADAMS. RESULTS: Overall, the presence of one or more neuropsychiatric symptoms was not associated with a significantly higher risk for institutionalization or @entity204 during the 5-year study period, although when assessing each symptom individually, @entity308 , delusions, and @entity2146 were each associated with a significantly higher risk of institutionalization (hazard rate (HR)=3.06, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.09-8.59 for @entity308 ; HR=5.74, 95% CI=1.94-16.96 for clinically significant delusions; HR=4.70, 95% CI=1.07-20.70 for clinically significant @entity2146 ). Caregiver distress mediated the association between delusions and @entity2146 and institutionalization. @entity308 and @entity1833 were associated with significantly higher mortality (HR=1.56, 95% CI=1.08-2.26 for @entity308 ; HR=2.59, 95% CI=1.09-6.16 for clinically significant @entity1833 ). CONCLUSION: Some, but not all, neuropsychiatric symptoms are associated with a higher risk of institutionalization and @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity73 also influences institutionalization. Interventions that better target and treat @entity308 , delusions, @entity2146 , and @entity1833 , as well as @entity147 , may help delay or prevent these negative clinical outcomes.

title: XXXX and the risk of institutionalization and @entity204 : the aging, demographics, and memory study.

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Neuropsychiatric symptoms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the presence of high depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score >=  14) diminished physical performance benefits after a comprehensive physical activity intervention in older adults. DESIGN: A post hoc analysis of data from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Pilot (LIFE-P) study, a single-blind randomized controlled trial comparing a moderate-intensity physical activity intervention (PA) with a successful aging control (SA). SETTING: Multicenter U.S. institutions participating in the LIFE-P trial. @entity1 : Four hundred twenty-four sedentary, noninstitutionalized adults aged 70 to 89. MEASUREMENTS: @entity308 were assessed using the CES-D. Physical performance tests included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and 400-m walk time (400 mw) at baseline and 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: Of the @entity1 , 15.8% had high depressive symptom scores (CES-D >=  14). For @entity1 with @entity308 , SPPB scores improved more in the PA than the SA group over 12 months (adjusted score difference +0.70; P < .001 at 6 months and +0.58; P = .004 at 12 months), and 400 mw times improved in the PA group at 6 months (adjusted score difference -0.41 minutes; P = .02). For @entity1 with high depressive symptoms, the difference in improvement fell short of statistical significance on the SPPB between the PA and SA groups (adjusted score difference +0.76 (P = .18) at 6 months and +0.94 (P = .12) at 12 months). CONCLUSION: The presence of high depressive symptoms did not substantially diminish physical performance benefits realized after a PA intervention in sedentary older adults.

title: XXXX and physical performance in the lifestyle interventions and independence for elders pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depressive symptoms', 'low depressive symptoms']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depressive symptoms']


abstract: @entity4894 ( @entity4894 ), variant of acute inflammatory demyelinating @entity8954 , is recognized as clinical triad ( @entity4894 ). @entity4163 antibodies play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute @entity8954 including @entity4894 . To our knowledge, there has been no report of @entity4894 presenting with atypical alternating @entity1736 or with concurrent elevation of serum GD1 and asialo-GM1 antibody titers, and negative titers of GQ1b antibody such as our @entity1 . Our objective is to report @entity4894 with unusual symptoms and to share our diagnostic approach. We report a rare case of @entity4894 presenting with alternating @entity1736 , @entity809 , and @entity2055 after a @entity1729 . Initial neurological examination revealed @entity1736 , @entity427 , positive Romberg sign, and @entity2055 . The ice pack test was negative. Three days later, contralateral @entity1736 was observed, associated with @entity4894 and @entity2055 . However, there was significant improvement of the previous @entity1736 . Serology revealed elevated asialo-GM1 and GD1b antibodies. @entity934 receptor antibodies were negative. Cerebral spinal fluid revealed elevated IgG index. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) performed four days after the onset of symptoms showed normal nerve conduction velocities and F-waves, and absent bilateral @entity8108 -reflexes. Repetitive nerve stimulation (3 Hz) showed no decrement of compound muscle action potentials. Trial with a single dose of @entity4836 showed no clinical improvement. The symptoms resolved without intervention. NCS 18 days after onset of symptoms showed mildly prolonged F-waves and absent H-reflexes. This case highlights an atypical presentation of @entity4894 and raises the awareness of a rare autoantibody associated with it.

title: Alternating XXXX associated with asialo-GM1 and GD1b antibodies.

entities_list: @entity4894 :: ('MESH:D019846', 'Disease') :: ['MFS', 'areflexia', 'Miller Fisher syndrome', 'ophthalmoplegia-ataxia-areflexia']

entities_list: @entity8954 :: ('MESH:D011129', 'Disease') :: ['polyradiculoneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['paresthesia']

entities_list: @entity4836 :: ('MESH:D011729', 'Chemical') :: ['pyridostigmine']

entities_list: @entity1736 :: ('MESH:D001763', 'Disease') :: ['left eyelid ptosis', 'ptosis', 'eyelid ptosis']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

entities_list: @entity4163 :: ('CHEBI:28892', 'Chemical') :: ['Ganglioside']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyporeflexia']

entities_list: @entity2055 :: ('MESH:D001259', 'Disease') :: ['ataxia', 'worsened ataxia']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1736 :: (MESH:D001763,Disease) :: ['ptosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Alemtuzumab has single-agent activity in relapsed @entity3191 ( @entity3191 ), but the optimal dose and/or schedule in combination with chemotherapy for first-line use is unknown. The primary objectives were to establish the maximally tolerated dose and pharmacokinetics (PK) of alemtuzumab combined in this way. @entity1 AND METHODS: Adult @entity1 with untreated CD52-positive (CD52(+)) @entity3191 were enrolled in a phase I trial. Alemtuzumab was given subcutaneously in escalating doses and/or schedules in combination with @entity39561 ( @entity786 , @entity632 , @entity1891 and @entity229 ) using a 3+3 design. Trough PK of alemtuzumab were measured on day 1 of each 21-day cycle and B and T cell subsets were serially measured. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were enrolled across 4 dose levels. Dose-limiting @entity137 necessitated expansion at 10 mg weekly (fatal @entity378 ) and 60 mg every 3 weeks (grade 4 @entity882 ) dose levels. Maximally tolerated dose was not reached. Ten @entity1 developed asymptomatic cytomegalovirus reactivations at a median of 39 days (range, 4-99 days). Two @entity1 developed @entity364 . The overall and complete response rates were 68% and 37%, respectively. Highest day 1 alemtuzumab trough levels were achieved at 60 mg (1973 ng/mL), but with significant inter- and intradose variability. @entity2905 at baseline was common and  T cell recovery was significantly delayed. CONCLUSION: With monitoring and prophylaxis, alemtuzumab 60 mg combined with @entity39561 showed activity in CD52(+) @entity3191 and achieved the highest drug levels.

title: Alemtuzumab and XXXX Chemotherapy for the Treatment of @entity3191 : A Multi-Center Phase I Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity2905 :: ('MESH:D008231', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphopenia']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity3191 :: ('MESH:D016411', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral T cell lymphoma', 'PTCL']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal pneumonias']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis reactivation']

answer: @entity39561 :: (CHEBI:18132,Chemical) :: ['CHOP']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Alemtuzumab has single-agent activity in relapsed @entity3191 ( @entity3191 ), but the optimal dose and/or schedule in combination with chemotherapy for first-line use is unknown. The primary objectives were to establish the maximally tolerated dose and pharmacokinetics (PK) of alemtuzumab combined in this way. @entity1 AND METHODS: Adult @entity1 with untreated CD52-positive (CD52(+)) @entity3191 were enrolled in a phase I trial. Alemtuzumab was given subcutaneously in escalating doses and/or schedules in combination with @entity39561 ( @entity786 , @entity632 , @entity1891 and @entity229 ) using a 3+3 design. Trough PK of alemtuzumab were measured on day 1 of each 21-day cycle and B and T cell subsets were serially measured. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were enrolled across 4 dose levels. Dose-limiting @entity137 necessitated expansion at 10 mg weekly (fatal @entity378 ) and 60 mg every 3 weeks (grade 4 @entity882 ) dose levels. Maximally tolerated dose was not reached. Ten @entity1 developed asymptomatic cytomegalovirus reactivations at a median of 39 days (range, 4-99 days). Two @entity1 developed @entity364 . The overall and complete response rates were 68% and 37%, respectively. Highest day 1 alemtuzumab trough levels were achieved at 60 mg (1973 ng/mL), but with significant inter- and intradose variability. @entity2905 at baseline was common and  T cell recovery was significantly delayed. CONCLUSION: With monitoring and prophylaxis, alemtuzumab 60 mg combined with @entity39561 showed activity in CD52(+) @entity3191 and achieved the highest drug levels.

title: Alemtuzumab and @entity39561 Chemotherapy for the Treatment of XXXX : A Multi-Center Phase I Study.

answer: @entity3191 :: (MESH:D016411,Disease) :: ['Aggressive Histology Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A simple, rapid and high-throughput liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantitation of ten antiepileptic drugs in @entity1 plasma has been developed and validated. The method required only 10  L of plasma. After simple protein precipitation using @entity1626 , the analytes and internal standard @entity3933 were separated on a Zorbax SB-C18 column (50 * 4.6 mm, 2.7  m) using @entity1626 /water as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. The total run time was 6 min for each sample. The validation results of specificity, matrix effects, recovery, linearity, precision and accuracy were satisfactory. The lower limit of quantification was 0.04  g/mL for @entity2049 , 0.02  g/mL for @entity2812 , 0.01  g/mL for @entity2051 , 0.4  g/mL for @entity15059 , 0.1  g/mL for @entity15058 , 0.15  g/mL for @entity4677 , 0.06  g/mL for @entity3174 , 0.3  g/mL for @entity1092 , 0.03  g/mL for @entity1771 , and 0.15  g/mL for @entity109 . The intraday precision and interday precision were less than 7.6%, with the accuracy ranging between -8.1 and 7.9%. The method was successfully applied to therapeutic drug monitoring of 1237 @entity1 with @entity302 after administration of standard antiepileptic drugs. The method has been proved to meet the high-throughput requirements in therapeutic drug monitoring. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Simultaneous determination of ten antiepileptic drugs in XXXX plasma by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry with positive/negative ion-switching electrospray ionization and its application in therapeutic drug monitoring.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3933 :: ('MESH:D004155', 'Chemical') :: ['diphenhydramine']

entities_list: @entity2812 :: ('MESH:C047781', 'Chemical') :: ['lamotrigine']

entities_list: @entity4677 :: ('MESH:C026098', 'Chemical') :: ['levetiracetam']

entities_list: @entity2051 :: ('MESH:C036006', 'Chemical') :: ['oxcarbazepine']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

entities_list: @entity15059 :: ('MESH:C039775', 'Chemical') :: ['10-hydroxycarbazepine']

entities_list: @entity1771 :: ('MESH:C052342', 'Chemical') :: ['topiramate']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbital']

entities_list: @entity15058 :: ('MESH:C012227', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to develop and begin to evaluate a new measure of the centrality of @entity158 in @entity1 ' lives. DESIGN: The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey and cognitive interviews. SETTING: The study was set in an academic general internal medicine clinic. @entity1 : Sixty-five adult internal medicine @entity1 with chronic @entity158 (CNMP) participated in the study. OUTCOME MEASURES: We assessed content validity and clarity of the 10-item Centrality of @entity158 Scale (COPS) by soliciting feedback from @entity1118 experts and by conducting cognitive interviews with @entity1 with CNMP. We assessed internal consistency reliability using Cronbach's alpha. We assessed construct validity by comparing the COPS with other measures of @entity1118 morbidity including @entity158 severity, @entity308 , @entity148 , physical and mental health function, @entity1005 , quality of life, and provider assessment. RESULTS: Health care providers felt the COPS had excellent face validity. Cognitive interviews revealed that @entity1 ' understanding of the items matched the intended construct, the scale measured an important concept, and items were easy to understand. The COPS had excellent internal consistency (alpha = 0.9). It was negatively associated with age (r = -0.29; P = 0.02), but not with other demographic characteristics. Higher COPS scores were associated with poorer physical (r = -0.48; P < 0.001) and mental (r = -0.39; P = 0.002) health function, quality of life (r = -0.36; P = 0.004), and provider assessment of stability (r = -0.38; P = 0.004) as well as with greater @entity158 grade (r = 0.55; P < 0.001), and @entity308 (r = 0.63; P < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, age, physical and mental health function, and @entity308 were independently associated with COPS. CONCLUSIONS: The COPS has excellent internal consistency and construct validity. Additional studies are needed to further validate the scale.

title: Development and preliminary psychometric testing of the centrality of XXXX scale.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['nonmalignant pain', 'Pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Autoimmune bullous diseases, such as pemphigus, @entity7248 , and @entity14086 , are uniquely associated with vulnerability in the mucocutaneous barrier against @entity281 . The management of immunobullous diseases is complex and may at times require immunosuppressive medications. Iatrogenic immunosuppression may increase susceptibility to vaccine-preventable illnesses. Currently, there are no guidelines to assist the clinician treating @entity1 with @entity66 regarding the delivery of various vaccinations. The aim of this review is to provide recommendations for immunization in the unique setting of @entity66 . Recommendations are based on careful review of the literature in other conditions requiring iatrogenic immunosuppression, as well as the most recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Immunization with nonlive vaccines appears to be a safe and effective strategy for preventing @entity281 in the particularly susceptible @entity1 with @entity66 . Opportunities for live vaccine administration may become available at lower levels of immune suppression or during clinical remission when immunosuppressive regimens can be reduced. Anticipatory vaccination before the initiation of iatrogenic immunosuppression is ideal. Although immunologic response to vaccination may be suboptimal during immunosuppression, nonlive vaccination is strongly recommended for this @entity1 population.

title: Literature-based immunization recommendations for XXXX requiring immunosuppressive medications for autoimmune bullous dermatoses.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['immunobullous disease']

entities_list: @entity14086 :: ('MESH:D003874', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis herpetiformis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity7248 :: ('MESH:D010391', 'Disease') :: ['pemphigoid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Racial-ethnic minority status is a consistent risk factor for @entity161 , with associations extending to @entity162 and subthreshold @entity716 experiences. However, few epidemiologic studies have been conducted in the U.S., and evidence is inconsistent. Furthermore, no U.S. studies of youths have directly investigated the phenomenological overlap between @entity161 and @entity162 . We aimed to do so at the subthreshold level in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. METHODS: @entity1 included 6533 individuals, age 11-21years, from a community healthcare network. Latent class analysis was used to form subtypes of sub- @entity716 based on 12 attenuated positive items and 7 @entity162 items without duration criteria. Associations between race-ethnicity ( @entity3257 , Hispanic, "other") and sub- @entity716 subtype were estimated using latent class regression. RESULTS: Four classes were identified: Sub-positive Only (13.4%), @entity162 Only (15.5%), Both (9.1%), and Neither (62.0%). Minority @entity1 were generally more likely than non-Hispanic whites to belong to one of the three sub- @entity716 classes compared to the Neither class. Associations for Hispanics and @entity7864 remained after adjustment for age, sex, and maternal education, and restriction to @entity1 without significant physical health conditions. Racial-ethnic disparities were greater in magnitude for the two classes characterized by sub-positive symptoms, Sub-positive Only and Both, than for the @entity162 Only class. This pattern was statistically significant among @entity7864 . CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence for racial-ethnic disparities in empirically-derived subtypes of subthreshold @entity716 , broadly defined, among U.S. youths. Further research is needed to determine whether these disparities persist to the clinical disorder level in adulthood.

title: Racial-ethnic disparities in empirically-derived subtypes of subclinical XXXX among a U.S. sample of youths.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'Mania', 'mania']

entities_list: @entity7864 :: ('MESH:D055008', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hispanic blacks']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: AIMS: Since 1979 the diseased kidneys of 96 @entity1 on replacement therapy with @entity177 due to chronic @entity631 have been followed to investigate the development of acquired cysts and @entity5 . This is a report of the 20-year follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-six @entity1 were followed using periodic CT scan and were divided into hemodialysis, renal transplantation, bilateral nephrectomy and deceased groups during the follow-up. In the hemodialysis group, 36 @entity1 (19 males, 17 females) were followed for 20 years. RESULTS: Kidney volumes which were 57.8 (1.51) (geometric mean (geometric SD)) ml at start of the follow-up had become 185.3 (2.03) ml 20 years later in males, and in females, 57.3 (1.64) ml had become 99.7 (2.36) ml. The increased rate was 3.2 (2.06) fold in males and 1.7 (2.57) fold in females. This @entity8 was due to acquired cysts. Kidney volumes at the 20-year follow-up had increased more significantly than those at the 15-year follow-up in males; however, kidney volumes at the 20-year follow-up had not changed in females, if compared with data at the 15-year follow-up. Kidney volumes in males at 20-year follow-up were significantly larger than those in females (p = 0.0232). Males with more than 3.2-fold in kidney volume increase at the 20-year follow-up were under the age of 40 at entry into this study (p = 0.0055), although the correlation between the degree of kidney volume increase and age was not significant (p = 0.0910). Kidney volumes in the transplantation group remained small. There was no new @entity1358 development after 15-year follow-up except for the local recurrence of a previous operated case. Although 7 of 44 @entity1 died during the past 20 years due to @entity5 , no @entity1 died of @entity1358 because of early detection and treatment. One @entity1 died of @entity548 , which is a complication of acquired @entity8 . CONCLUSION: Male preponderance of acquired cysts was maintained at the 20-year follow-up. There was a tendency for the rate of increase in acquired @entity8 to be larger in young males. No one died of @entity1358 , although the incidence of @entity1358 was high.

title: Twenty-year follow-up of acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal cystic disease', 'enlargement of the kidneys']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['chronic renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal cystic disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To elucidate the evolution of a lung-sparing strategy with @entity9876 ( @entity9876 ) and induction therapy for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 205 @entity1 with @entity1149 who underwent pneumonectomy (PN, n  =  54) or @entity9876 (n  =  151) from 1994 to 2013. The study period was divided into four 5-year periods, and surgical trends were analyzed, focusing on the PN: @entity9876 ratio. RESULTS: PN was associated with a significantly advanced pathological stage, a larger @entity5 size and less pulmonary function compared with @entity9876 . The PN group had higher 30-day (3.7 vs. 0  %, p  =  0.018) and 90-day (13.0 vs. 1.3  %, p  =  0.0003) mortality than the @entity9876 group. The overall 5-year survival rate was significantly higher with @entity9876 (71.5  %) versus PN (42.8  %, p  =  0.011) for @entity1 with pN0-1. The ratio of PN among total surgeries decreased significantly over the four periods (1994-1998, 1999-2003, 2004-2008, and 2009-2013) from 5.63  % to 3.17, 1.40, and 1.38  %, respectively (p  <  0.0001); in contrast, the PN: @entity9876 ratio increased significantly from 1.64 to 2.50, 3.71, and 5.44, respectively (p  =  0.041). During the last period, when we introduced induction therapy, 38 of 651 who received surgery underwent induction therapy. The PN: @entity9876 ratios of those who did and did not undergo induction therapy were 15 (PN: 1, @entity9876 : 15) and 4.25 (PN: 8, @entity9876 : 34), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A lung-sparing strategy with @entity9876 for @entity1149 can decrease the PN rate to less than 2  % with less mortality. Induction therapy may facilitate @entity9876 and increase the PN: @entity9876 ratio.

title: Evolution of a Lung-Sparing Strategy with Sleeve Lobectomy and Induction Therapy for XXXX : 20-Year Experience at a Single Institution.

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity9876 :: ('MESH:D020232', 'Disease') :: ['SL', 'sleeve lobectomy']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['Non-small Cell Lung Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endovascular @entity449 repair (EVAR) is a prophylactic procedure, so the decision to operate should consider, as recent guidelines suggest, the life expectancy of the @entity1 . Several models for predicting life span have been already designed, but little is known about how intervened @entity1 evolve in Southern European Countries, where the incidence of @entity453 , the main cause of @entity204 among these subjects, is low. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 176 consecutive @entity1 who underwent elective EVAR at the Vascular Surgery Department of the Hospital del Mar (Barcelona, Spain) during 2000-2014. Cox regressions were performed to identify preoperative factors associated with long-term survival after EVAR, and a risk model was developed. RESULTS: Three- and five-year survival rates were 73.9 and 53.9  %, respectively. During the follow-up, 72 deaths (40.9  %) were registered, @entity5 being the most frequent cause (41.7  %). Preoperative variables negatively associated with long-term survival were serum @entity1011 >= 150    mol/L (HR 2.5; 95  % CI 1.4-4.2), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 1.9; 95  % CI 1.2-3.1), @entity955 (HR 2.0; 95  % CI 1.2-3.4), and prior @entity5 history (HR 1.9; 95  % CI 1.2-3.1). Distal pulses present in both lower limbs were marginally associated with survival (HR 0.65; 95  % CI 0.4-1.07). The survival predictive model showed a good discrimination capacity (C statistic  =  0.703; 95  % CI 0.641-0.765). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term survival of @entity1 submitted to EVAR in our setting was worse than expected and markedly related to @entity5 . Our study suggests that predictive models for long-term survival after EVAR may be influenced by regional characteristics of the intervened population. This effect should be taken in consideration in the decision-making process of these @entity1 .

title: Survival After Endovascular Abdominal XXXX Repair in a Population with a Low Incidence of @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity449 :: (MESH:D001014,Disease) :: ['Aortic Aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endovascular @entity449 repair (EVAR) is a prophylactic procedure, so the decision to operate should consider, as recent guidelines suggest, the life expectancy of the @entity1 . Several models for predicting life span have been already designed, but little is known about how intervened @entity1 evolve in Southern European Countries, where the incidence of @entity453 , the main cause of @entity204 among these subjects, is low. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 176 consecutive @entity1 who underwent elective EVAR at the Vascular Surgery Department of the Hospital del Mar (Barcelona, Spain) during 2000-2014. Cox regressions were performed to identify preoperative factors associated with long-term survival after EVAR, and a risk model was developed. RESULTS: Three- and five-year survival rates were 73.9 and 53.9  %, respectively. During the follow-up, 72 deaths (40.9  %) were registered, @entity5 being the most frequent cause (41.7  %). Preoperative variables negatively associated with long-term survival were serum @entity1011 >= 150    mol/L (HR 2.5; 95  % CI 1.4-4.2), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 1.9; 95  % CI 1.2-3.1), @entity955 (HR 2.0; 95  % CI 1.2-3.4), and prior @entity5 history (HR 1.9; 95  % CI 1.2-3.1). Distal pulses present in both lower limbs were marginally associated with survival (HR 0.65; 95  % CI 0.4-1.07). The survival predictive model showed a good discrimination capacity (C statistic  =  0.703; 95  % CI 0.641-0.765). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term survival of @entity1 submitted to EVAR in our setting was worse than expected and markedly related to @entity5 . Our study suggests that predictive models for long-term survival after EVAR may be influenced by regional characteristics of the intervened population. This effect should be taken in consideration in the decision-making process of these @entity1 .

title: Survival After Endovascular Abdominal @entity449 Repair in a Population with a Low Incidence of XXXX .

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['Coronary Artery Disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to examine the relationship between @entity32 and coronary microvascular function in asymptomatic individuals using positron emission tomography (PET) and assessment of coronary flow reserve (CFR). BACKGROUND: Coronary microvascular dysfunction is an early precursor of @entity453 ( @entity453 ) thought to result from endothelial cell activation and @entity32 , but data are limited. METHODS: We examined 268 asymptomatic male monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Plasma biomarkers of @entity32 and endothelial cell activation included @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity650 , white blood cell count (WBC), @entity4725 , and @entity2071 . Blood flow quantitation was obtained with [    N] ammonia PET at rest and after @entity859 stress. CFR was measured as the ratio of maximum flow to baseline flow at rest; abnormal CFR was defined as a ratio < 2.5. A summed stress score for visible perfusion defects was calculated. RESULTS: In within-pair analyses, all biomarkers, except @entity4725 , were higher in twins with lower CFR than their brothers with higher CFR (p < 0.05). This was observed in the entire sample, as well as within pairs discordant for a CFR of <2.5. Associations persisted after adjusting for summed stress score and @entity453 risk factors. In contrast no biomarker, except @entity650 , was related to the summed stress score of visible defects. CONCLUSIONS: Even in asymptomatic subjects, a decrease in coronary microvascular function is accompanied by a systemic inflammatory response, independent of @entity453 risk factors. Our results, using a controlled twin design, highlight the importance of coronary microvascular function in the early phases of @entity453 .

title: XXXX is related to coronary flow reserve detected by positron emission tomography in asymptomatic male twins.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity4725 :: ('7412', 'Gene') :: ['vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1', 'VCAM-1']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['Inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3346 and @entity9021 are @entity37546 antidepressants. Currently, there are no adequate, well-controlled studies on the fetal safety of these drugs. Our primary objective was to determine whether the use of @entity3346 or @entity9021 during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for major @entity600 . Secondary outcomes of interest included rates of spontaneous and therapeutic @entity5852 , rates of @entity3465 , and birth weight. METHODS: Pregnant @entity1 from 5 centres who had been exposed to these drugs (n = 147) were enrolled in the study during their first trimester. We compared the @entity1 with 2 groups of @entity1 who took either other antidepressant drugs (n = 147) or nonteratogenic drugs (n = 147). All the @entity1 were followed up after delivery to ascertain pregnancy outcome and the health of the baby. RESULTS: We have completed 147 follow-ups. There were 121 (82.4%) live births, 20 (13.6%) spontaneous @entity5852 , and 6 (4%) therapeutic @entity5852 . Of the live births, there were 2 (1.6%) major @entity600 . In all cases, drug exposure occurred during the first trimester, with 52 (35%) of the @entity1 using these drugs throughout pregnancy. The mean gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (SD 4.2), and the mean birth weight was 3306.34 g (SD 655). We found no statistically significant differences among the 3 groups in any of the endpoints of interest that we examined. Of the sample, 58 @entity1 were exposed to @entity3346 , and 89 were exposed to @entity9021 . CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that these drugs do not increase the rates of major @entity600 above the baseline rate of 1% to 3%.

title: A multicentre prospective controlled study to determine the safety of @entity3346 and XXXX use during pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity3346 :: ('MESH:D014196', 'Chemical') :: ['Trazodone', 'trazodone']

entities_list: @entity5852 :: ('MESH:D000031', 'Disease') :: ['abortions']

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['premature labour']

entities_list: @entity9021 :: ('MESH:C051752', 'Chemical') :: ['nefazodone']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity37546 :: ('MESH:C031503', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylpiperazine']

answer: @entity9021 :: (MESH:C051752,Chemical) :: ['nefazodone']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3346 and @entity9021 are @entity37546 antidepressants. Currently, there are no adequate, well-controlled studies on the fetal safety of these drugs. Our primary objective was to determine whether the use of @entity3346 or @entity9021 during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for major @entity600 . Secondary outcomes of interest included rates of spontaneous and therapeutic @entity5852 , rates of @entity3465 , and birth weight. METHODS: Pregnant @entity1 from 5 centres who had been exposed to these drugs (n = 147) were enrolled in the study during their first trimester. We compared the @entity1 with 2 groups of @entity1 who took either other antidepressant drugs (n = 147) or nonteratogenic drugs (n = 147). All the @entity1 were followed up after delivery to ascertain pregnancy outcome and the health of the baby. RESULTS: We have completed 147 follow-ups. There were 121 (82.4%) live births, 20 (13.6%) spontaneous @entity5852 , and 6 (4%) therapeutic @entity5852 . Of the live births, there were 2 (1.6%) major @entity600 . In all cases, drug exposure occurred during the first trimester, with 52 (35%) of the @entity1 using these drugs throughout pregnancy. The mean gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (SD 4.2), and the mean birth weight was 3306.34 g (SD 655). We found no statistically significant differences among the 3 groups in any of the endpoints of interest that we examined. Of the sample, 58 @entity1 were exposed to @entity3346 , and 89 were exposed to @entity9021 . CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that these drugs do not increase the rates of major @entity600 above the baseline rate of 1% to 3%.

title: A multicentre prospective controlled study to determine the safety of XXXX and @entity9021 use during pregnancy.

answer: @entity3346 :: (MESH:D014196,Chemical) :: ['trazodone']


abstract: The knee joints of 36 @entity35 were immobilised in a padded plaster cast (18 in the flexed and 18 in the extended position) for 1, 2 and 3 weeks. The femoral articular cartilage was then examined under the scanning electron microscope. After 1 week's immobilisation in the flexed position, the surface layer of the cartilage showed disruption and the superficial chondrocytes were @entity39 . The sites of the @entity39 chondrocytes were seen as pits on the cartilage surface. In the animals whose knees were immobilised in the extended position, the changes were not so great in severity or extent. After 2 weeks, more advanced changes could be detected in both groups, but they were more severe in the flexed group. After 3 weeks the changes in articular cartilage were diffuse in the flexed, but focal in the extended group. Diffuse @entity39 of chondrocytes, with pit formation on the surface and disruption and disintegration of the collagen fibres, was seen to some extent in all the animals. In the flexed group the changes extended to the whole weightbearing surface of the articular cartilage of the femur, except the intercondylar sulcus. In the extended group, a superficial fibre network was found without the formation of closely packed collagen fibre bundles, and the changes in the chondrocytes were seen only in localised zones. The authors suggest that during immobilisation, especially in the flexed position, articular @entity519 occurs due to a decreased amount of synovial fluid, the increased compression of the cartilage surfaces and the increased intra-articular pressure. This @entity528 and @entity39 of the superficial chondrocytes and the superficial cartilage layer.

title: Fine structural changes in the articular cartilage of the XXXX 's knee following short-term immobilisation in various positions: a scanning electron microscopical study.

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['causes degeneration']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The effects of @entity3971 , @entity12682 and @entity607 on erythrocytes, hepatocytes, @entity4747 ( @entity4748 )-liposomes and surface tension were studied at various concentrations. @entity3971 at 10 mM caused a slight inhibition of @entity2142 in @entity35 erythrocytes. @entity12682 at 4 and 10 mM and @entity607 at 0.6 to 10 mM caused a significant inhibition of @entity2142 . In the enzyme leakage from isolated @entity35 hepatocytes, @entity3971 at 0.001 to 0.4 mM and 2 to 10 mM, @entity12682 at 2 to 10 mM and @entity607 at 0.001 to 4 mM caused an inhibition in GOT leakage. The leakage of @entity4749 from hepatocytes was inhibited by @entity3971 at 0.4 to 10 mM, @entity12682 at 2 to 10 mM, and @entity607 at 0.001 to 4 mM. @entity607 at 10 mM caused increases in GOT and @entity4749 leakage. The inhibition of @entity3971 and @entity607 on the LDH leakage in hepatocytes were observed at a concentration of 0.001 mM and 0.1 to 1 mM, respectively. @entity12682 or @entity607 at 10 mM caused an increase in LDH leakage. Phase-transition temperature of @entity4748 -liposomes was @entity308 by @entity3971 and @entity607 at 1 to 10 mM and by @entity12682 at 5 and 10 mM. @entity12682 at 1 and 10 mM and @entity607 at 10 mM caused a @entity308 of surface tension, but @entity3971 caused no change in surface tension. The order of effects on erythrocyte, hepatocyte and @entity4748 -liposome membranes was @entity607 greater than @entity3971 greater than or equal to @entity12682 . In the present study, @entity3971 and its related compound showed a positive correlation between their effects on various membranes and germicidal effects as evaluated by the @entity3971 coefficient, but the effects were not related to a @entity308 of surface tension.

title: [Effects of XXXX and related compounds on erythrocytes and hepatocytes from @entity35 and @entity4747 -liposomes].

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity607 :: ('MESH:C032538', 'Chemical') :: ['m-cresol', 'm-Cresol']

entities_list: @entity3971 :: ('MESH:D019800', 'Chemical') :: ['phenol', 'Phenol']

entities_list: @entity12682 :: ('MESH:D006139', 'Chemical') :: ['guaiacol', 'Guaiacol']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonic hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity4747 :: ('MESH:D015060', 'Chemical') :: ['dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine']

answer: @entity3971 :: (MESH:D019800,Chemical) :: ['phenol']


abstract: The effects of @entity3971 , @entity12682 and @entity607 on erythrocytes, hepatocytes, @entity4747 ( @entity4748 )-liposomes and surface tension were studied at various concentrations. @entity3971 at 10 mM caused a slight inhibition of @entity2142 in @entity35 erythrocytes. @entity12682 at 4 and 10 mM and @entity607 at 0.6 to 10 mM caused a significant inhibition of @entity2142 . In the enzyme leakage from isolated @entity35 hepatocytes, @entity3971 at 0.001 to 0.4 mM and 2 to 10 mM, @entity12682 at 2 to 10 mM and @entity607 at 0.001 to 4 mM caused an inhibition in GOT leakage. The leakage of @entity4749 from hepatocytes was inhibited by @entity3971 at 0.4 to 10 mM, @entity12682 at 2 to 10 mM, and @entity607 at 0.001 to 4 mM. @entity607 at 10 mM caused increases in GOT and @entity4749 leakage. The inhibition of @entity3971 and @entity607 on the LDH leakage in hepatocytes were observed at a concentration of 0.001 mM and 0.1 to 1 mM, respectively. @entity12682 or @entity607 at 10 mM caused an increase in LDH leakage. Phase-transition temperature of @entity4748 -liposomes was @entity308 by @entity3971 and @entity607 at 1 to 10 mM and by @entity12682 at 5 and 10 mM. @entity12682 at 1 and 10 mM and @entity607 at 10 mM caused a @entity308 of surface tension, but @entity3971 caused no change in surface tension. The order of effects on erythrocyte, hepatocyte and @entity4748 -liposome membranes was @entity607 greater than @entity3971 greater than or equal to @entity12682 . In the present study, @entity3971 and its related compound showed a positive correlation between their effects on various membranes and germicidal effects as evaluated by the @entity3971 coefficient, but the effects were not related to a @entity308 of surface tension.

title: [Effects of @entity3971 and related compounds on erythrocytes and hepatocytes from @entity35 and XXXX -liposomes].

answer: @entity4747 :: (MESH:D015060,Chemical) :: ['dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine']


abstract: The effects of @entity3971 , @entity12682 and @entity607 on erythrocytes, hepatocytes, @entity4747 ( @entity4748 )-liposomes and surface tension were studied at various concentrations. @entity3971 at 10 mM caused a slight inhibition of @entity2142 in @entity35 erythrocytes. @entity12682 at 4 and 10 mM and @entity607 at 0.6 to 10 mM caused a significant inhibition of @entity2142 . In the enzyme leakage from isolated @entity35 hepatocytes, @entity3971 at 0.001 to 0.4 mM and 2 to 10 mM, @entity12682 at 2 to 10 mM and @entity607 at 0.001 to 4 mM caused an inhibition in GOT leakage. The leakage of @entity4749 from hepatocytes was inhibited by @entity3971 at 0.4 to 10 mM, @entity12682 at 2 to 10 mM, and @entity607 at 0.001 to 4 mM. @entity607 at 10 mM caused increases in GOT and @entity4749 leakage. The inhibition of @entity3971 and @entity607 on the LDH leakage in hepatocytes were observed at a concentration of 0.001 mM and 0.1 to 1 mM, respectively. @entity12682 or @entity607 at 10 mM caused an increase in LDH leakage. Phase-transition temperature of @entity4748 -liposomes was @entity308 by @entity3971 and @entity607 at 1 to 10 mM and by @entity12682 at 5 and 10 mM. @entity12682 at 1 and 10 mM and @entity607 at 10 mM caused a @entity308 of surface tension, but @entity3971 caused no change in surface tension. The order of effects on erythrocyte, hepatocyte and @entity4748 -liposome membranes was @entity607 greater than @entity3971 greater than or equal to @entity12682 . In the present study, @entity3971 and its related compound showed a positive correlation between their effects on various membranes and germicidal effects as evaluated by the @entity3971 coefficient, but the effects were not related to a @entity308 of surface tension.

title: [Effects of @entity3971 and related compounds on erythrocytes and hepatocytes from XXXX and @entity4747 -liposomes].

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Circulating @entity5 cells (CTCs) are cells that shed from a primary @entity5 and enter the peripheral blood circulation. The CTCs are closely associated with @entity5 development and @entity3 because of its high heterogeneity. However, there are still no effective methods to detect single-cell heterogeneity of the CTCs. To this end, we developed a method to detect gene mutation in CTCs at the single-cell level and applied it to the detection of @entity470 gene mutation in @entity2 CTC. Specifically, the rare CTCs were captured from blood using an integrated microfluidic system, and then were released into a microchip with thousands of nanoliter wells to isolate single CTC. The single CTC was then transferred into a PCR tube under the microscope for single-cell genome amplification and detection of @entity470 gene mutation. We firstly modified chip and capillary and optimized PCR conditions (annealing temperature, number of cycles) using @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) cell lines A549, NCI-H1650 and NCI-H1975 as samples, which showed maximal amplification after 30 cycles with an annealing temperature at 59   . We then successfully detected blood samples from @entity1149 @entity1 using this method. 5 CTCs were obtained from 2 mL @entity1 's blood and the sequencing of @entity470 exons 18, 19, 20 and 21 showed no mutations. Our results demonstrated that this method is sensitive enough to detect gene mutation in single CTC and has guiding significance in clinic research.

title: Single-cell detection of @entity470 gene mutation in circulating @entity5 cells in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['single lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Circulating @entity5 cells (CTCs) are cells that shed from a primary @entity5 and enter the peripheral blood circulation. The CTCs are closely associated with @entity5 development and @entity3 because of its high heterogeneity. However, there are still no effective methods to detect single-cell heterogeneity of the CTCs. To this end, we developed a method to detect gene mutation in CTCs at the single-cell level and applied it to the detection of @entity470 gene mutation in @entity2 CTC. Specifically, the rare CTCs were captured from blood using an integrated microfluidic system, and then were released into a microchip with thousands of nanoliter wells to isolate single CTC. The single CTC was then transferred into a PCR tube under the microscope for single-cell genome amplification and detection of @entity470 gene mutation. We firstly modified chip and capillary and optimized PCR conditions (annealing temperature, number of cycles) using @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) cell lines A549, NCI-H1650 and NCI-H1975 as samples, which showed maximal amplification after 30 cycles with an annealing temperature at 59   . We then successfully detected blood samples from @entity1149 @entity1 using this method. 5 CTCs were obtained from 2 mL @entity1 's blood and the sequencing of @entity470 exons 18, 19, 20 and 21 showed no mutations. Our results demonstrated that this method is sensitive enough to detect gene mutation in single CTC and has guiding significance in clinic research.

title: Single-cell detection of XXXX gene mutation in circulating @entity5 cells in @entity2 .

answer: @entity470 :: (1956,Gene) :: ['EGFR']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Circulating @entity5 cells (CTCs) are cells that shed from a primary @entity5 and enter the peripheral blood circulation. The CTCs are closely associated with @entity5 development and @entity3 because of its high heterogeneity. However, there are still no effective methods to detect single-cell heterogeneity of the CTCs. To this end, we developed a method to detect gene mutation in CTCs at the single-cell level and applied it to the detection of @entity470 gene mutation in @entity2 CTC. Specifically, the rare CTCs were captured from blood using an integrated microfluidic system, and then were released into a microchip with thousands of nanoliter wells to isolate single CTC. The single CTC was then transferred into a PCR tube under the microscope for single-cell genome amplification and detection of @entity470 gene mutation. We firstly modified chip and capillary and optimized PCR conditions (annealing temperature, number of cycles) using @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) cell lines A549, NCI-H1650 and NCI-H1975 as samples, which showed maximal amplification after 30 cycles with an annealing temperature at 59   . We then successfully detected blood samples from @entity1149 @entity1 using this method. 5 CTCs were obtained from 2 mL @entity1 's blood and the sequencing of @entity470 exons 18, 19, 20 and 21 showed no mutations. Our results demonstrated that this method is sensitive enough to detect gene mutation in single CTC and has guiding significance in clinic research.

title: Single-cell detection of @entity470 gene mutation in circulating XXXX cells in @entity2 .

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Data from single-center series suggest that a delay in time to radical cystectomy (RC) more than 3 months after diagnosis of @entity150 ( @entity150 ) is associated with pathological upstaging and decreased survival. However, limited data is available from population-based studies. In this study, the effect of delayed RC was assessed in a nationwide cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 who underwent RC between 2006 and 2010 with primary clinical T2-T4N0M0 @entity150 were selected using the Netherlands Cancer Registry database. Data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry was supplemented with data from the Nationwide Network and Registry of Histo- and Cytopathology database in case of incomplete information. The cohort was divided in @entity1 who underwent RC  <=3 months (group I) vs. @entity1 who underwent RC >3 months (group II). Median time from @entity150 diagnosis to RC, variables associated with delayed RC >3 and the effect of delayed RC on staging and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were evaluated in @entity1 who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and @entity1 who did not. RESULTS: A total of 1,782 @entity1 were included. Median follow-up time was 5.1 years for living @entity1 and 1.3 years for deceased @entity1 . Median time from @entity150 diagnosis to RC was 50 days (interquartile range: 27 days) and 93% of @entity1 underwent RC <=3 months. @entity1 older than 75 years (odds ratio [OR] = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.32-0.77), referred for RC (OR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.26-0.69), and treated in a university hospital (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.21-0.56) were less likely to undergo RC <=3 months. Pathologic upstaging rate (43.9% vs. 42.1%) and node-positive disease rate (20.2% vs. 21.7%) did not differ for group I and II. Delayed RC>3 months was not associated with decreased @entity1349 adjusting for confounding variables (hazard ratio = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.91-1.48; P = 0.25). Median time from @entity150 diagnosis to RC in @entity1 that received neoadjuvant therapy (n = 105) was 133 days (interquartile range: 62 days). Adjusting for confounding variables, delayed RC>3 months was not associated with @entity1349 (hazard ratio = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.45-1.82). CONCLUSIONS: The vast majority of @entity1 underwent RC within 3 months after diagnosis of @entity150 , as recommended in the European Association of Urology @entity150 guideline. Delayed RC for more than 3 months had no adverse effect on staging and survival.

title: The effect of the time interval between diagnosis of XXXX and radical cystectomy on staging and survival: A Netherlands Cancer Registry analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['MIBC', 'urothelial bladder cancer', 'muscle-invasive bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['muscle-invasive bladder cancer']


abstract: We describe a very rare case of nonfunctional @entity977 (NFPA) that exhibited corticotrophic activity after resection and radiotherapy. The possible mechanisms of the transformation from NFPA to @entity4923 ( @entity4923 ) are discussed.A 43-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity227 , and hyposexuality. He had no symptoms suggestive of @entity699 , and 8am plasma @entity701 concentration was 67.88ng/mL. Brain imaging revealed a 15*15*21-mm sellar mass suggestive of a macroadenoma. The @entity5 was resected by transsphenoidal surgery and identified by immunohistochemical analysis as a chromophobic @entity652 that did not stain for pituitary hormones. The @entity1 was treated with @entity229 and @entity1955 replacement therapy. After a third recurrence, the @entity1 presented with clinical features and physical signs of @entity699 . Plasma @entity4545 ( @entity4545 ) and @entity701 concentrations were elevated, and there was a loss of circadian rhythms. Inferior petrosal sinus sampling after desmopressin showed the central-peripheral @entity4545 ratio was greater than 3:1. A repeat transsphenoidal resection was undertaken. Immunohistochemistry revealed @entity4545 positivity. Three months following surgery, imaging @entity41 , but plasma @entity4545 remained elevated. He was referred for postoperative Gamma Knife radiotherapy.The immunological activity and biological features of the hormones secreted from a @entity977 vary with time. Because long-term outcomes are unpredictable, postoperative follow-up is essential to detect postoperative transformation from NFPA to @entity4923 .

title: @entity4923 After Treatment of Nonfunctional XXXX : A Case Report and Literature Review.

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['ACTH', 'adrenocorticotropic hormone']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['impaired vision, bilateral frontal headaches']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['showed little residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['levothyroxine']

entities_list: @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ['hypercortisolism', 'Cushing syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4923 :: ('MESH:D047748', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'Cushing disease']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['Pituitary Adenoma']