abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraneural @entity2695 and @entity1462 are rare, with approximately 50 cases reported in the literature. They present a therapeutic challenge; surgical resection can result in @entity16 and lesion recurrence is common. We introduce a new framework to classify @entity455 in relation to the anatomic compartments of the nerve and assess amenability to surgical resection. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed cases of intraneural @entity2695 and @entity1462 treated at our institution between 2003 and 2013 that had high-resolution 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A review of the literature was also performed. Our cases and reports in the literature with available MRI data were sub-categorized according to their relationship to the paraneurium and epineurium of the nerve. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 were identified with intraneural (subparaneurial or subepineurial) @entity455 . Two @entity1 had a predominantly subparaneurial involvement of the nerve, six @entity1 had predominantly @entity14361 , and one @entity1 exhibited extensive involvement in both compartments. Four @entity1 were managed surgically and the rest conservatively. Targeted resection of two @entity2695 provided complete relief of symptoms and freedom from recurrence at 18 month and 24 months respectively. One @entity1 with extensive @entity1462 did not appear to benefit from sub-total resection with interfascicular dissection. No surgical morbidity was noted in any of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the subparaneurial compartment-a potential space between the epineurium and paraneurium-provides a tissue plane within which benign @entity455 can occur. @entity2695 and @entity1462 are complex and can occupy different @entity2054 . The anatomic framework aids surgical decision-making and ensures that all components of the lesion are considered. We advocate a multimodal approach in the treatment of these rare lesions.

title: A radiological classification system for XXXX : assessment of potential for resection with high-resolution MRI.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions', 'intraneural vascular anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['Hemangiomas', 'hemangiomas', 'subparaneurial hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['damage to the nerve']

entities_list: @entity14361 :: ('MESH:C566895', 'Disease') :: ['subepineurial involvement']

entities_list: @entity2054 :: ('MESH:D003161', 'Disease') :: ['intraneural and extraneural compartments']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformations', 'subepineurial and extraneural vascular malformations']

answer: @entity455 :: (MESH:D014652,Disease) :: ['intraneural vascular anomalies']


abstract: Because two of five @entity1 with @entity1358 in a Phase I study had partial response to recombinant alpha-2 interferon (IFN), we treated 26 @entity1 with @entity1358 with a 3-month regimen of IFN. @entity1 were randomized to receive IFN either subcutaneously (2 X 10(6) IU/m2 3 times a week) or intravenously (3 X 10(7) IU/m2 for 5 consecutive days every 2-3 weeks). @entity1 whose disease was responding or stable were treated further, while those with @entity74 on subcutaneous treatment were offered intravenous therapy. Sites of @entity3 included lung (14 @entity1 ), bone (7 @entity1 ), soft tissue (7 @entity1 ) and liver (2 @entity1 ). Twenty @entity1 were evaluable for response. One @entity1 had a partial response at the end of the third course of intravenous IFN and subsequently had complete disappearance of a 12 X 7 cm subcutaneous mass after the seventh course of treatment. The disease was stable in 13 @entity1 including two minor responses, and six @entity1 had @entity74 (5 with subcutaneous treatment; 1 with intravenous treatment) including one mixed response. All @entity1 experienced early flu-like symptoms of @entity221 , chills, and rigors during the first few days of treatment and most had mild to moderate @entity1295 . Three @entity1 left the study because of @entity1295 , and one had an @entity1910 . From these results and our previous experience, it appears that IFN has activity against @entity1358 with acceptable @entity137 .

title: Recombinant interferon alpha-2 (INTRON A) in a phase II study of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['urticarial rash']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'advanced renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Symptoms are known to predict survival among @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ), but discrepancies exist between @entity1 ' and health providers' perceptions of @entity712 symptom burden. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to quantify the internal consistency, validity, and prognostic value of @entity1 perception of a broad range of @entity712 symptoms using an @entity712 -specific physical symptom measure, the 18-item @entity712 Somatic Perception Scale v. 3. METHODS: Factor analysis of the @entity712 Somatic Perception Scale was conducted in a convenience sample of 378 @entity1 with chronic @entity712 . Convergent validity was examined using the Physical Limitation subscale of the Kansas @entity296 Questionnaire. Divergent validity was examined using the Self-care of @entity712 Index self-care management score. One-year survival based on @entity712 Somatic Perception Scale scores was quantified using Cox regression controlling for Seattle @entity712 Model scores to account for clinical status, therapeutics, and lab values. RESULTS: The sample was 63% male, 85% white, 67% functionally compromised (New York Heart Association class III-IV) with a mean (SD) age of 63 (12.8) years. Internal consistency of the @entity712 Somatic Perception Scale was a = .90. Convergent (r = -0.54, P < .0001) and divergent (r = 0.18, P > .05) validities were supported. Controlling for Seattle @entity712 scores, @entity712 Somatic Perception Scale was a significant predictor of 1-year survival, with those most symptomatic having worse survival (hazard ratio, 1.012; 95% confidence interval, 1.001-1.024; P = .038). CONCLUSIONS: Perception of @entity712 symptom burden as measured by the @entity712 Somatic Perception Scale is a significant predictor of survival, contributing additional prognostic value over and above objective Seattle @entity712 Risk Model scores. This analysis suggests that assessment of a broad range of @entity712 symptoms, or those related to @entity1353 or early and subtle symptoms, may be useful in evaluating therapeutic outcomes and predicting event-free survival.

title: Psychometric Analysis of the Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale as a Measure of XXXX Symptom Perception.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['City Cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['HF', 'heart failure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']


abstract: PURPOSE: Transradial access (TRA) has shown lower morbidity and decreased @entity548 complications compared to transfemoral access. This study evaluates the safety and feasibility of TRA in @entity882 @entity1 undergoing visceral interventions. METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity1 who underwent visceral interventions via the radial artery with platelet count less than or equal to 50,000/  L were included in the study. Outcome variables included technical success, access site, @entity548 , transfusion, and @entity16 . RESULTS: From July 1, 2012, to May 31, 2015, a total of 1353 peripheral interventions via TRA were performed, of which 85 procedures were performed in 64 @entity1 (mean age 62.2  years) with a platelet count <50,000/  L (median 39,000/  L). Interventions included chemoembolization (n  =  46), selective internal radiation therapy (n  =  30), and visceral embolization (n  =  9). Technical success was 97.6  % with two cases of severe vessel @entity2473 requiring ipsilateral femoral crossover. There was no major access site, @entity548 , or neurological adverse events at 30  days. Minor access site @entity1410 occurred in five cases (5.9  %) and were treated conservatively in all cases. Pre-procedural platelet transfusions were administered in 23 (27.1  %) cases. There was no statistically significant difference in access site or @entity548 complications between the transfused and nontransfused groups. CONCLUSIONS: Transradial visceral interventions in @entity1 with @entity882 are both feasible and safe, possibly without the need for platelet transfusions.

title: Safety and Feasibility of Transradial Access for Visceral Interventions in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenic', 'thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematomas']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['Thrombocytopenia']


abstract: PURPOSE: Transradial access (TRA) has shown lower morbidity and decreased @entity548 complications compared to transfemoral access. This study evaluates the safety and feasibility of TRA in @entity882 @entity1 undergoing visceral interventions. METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity1 who underwent visceral interventions via the radial artery with platelet count less than or equal to 50,000/  L were included in the study. Outcome variables included technical success, access site, @entity548 , transfusion, and @entity16 . RESULTS: From July 1, 2012, to May 31, 2015, a total of 1353 peripheral interventions via TRA were performed, of which 85 procedures were performed in 64 @entity1 (mean age 62.2  years) with a platelet count <50,000/  L (median 39,000/  L). Interventions included chemoembolization (n  =  46), selective internal radiation therapy (n  =  30), and visceral embolization (n  =  9). Technical success was 97.6  % with two cases of severe vessel @entity2473 requiring ipsilateral femoral crossover. There was no major access site, @entity548 , or neurological adverse events at 30  days. Minor access site @entity1410 occurred in five cases (5.9  %) and were treated conservatively in all cases. Pre-procedural platelet transfusions were administered in 23 (27.1  %) cases. There was no statistically significant difference in access site or @entity548 complications between the transfused and nontransfused groups. CONCLUSIONS: Transradial visceral interventions in @entity1 with @entity882 are both feasible and safe, possibly without the need for platelet transfusions.

title: Safety and Feasibility of Transradial Access for Visceral Interventions in XXXX with @entity882 .

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: We tested whether the necessity for high flow rates of saline to maintain an artificial erection actually corresponds to an organic abnormality able to induce @entity323 as claimed recently. A total of 56 @entity1 with presumed vascular @entity323 and 13 with typical @entity323 underwent dynamic cavernosography followed by the artificial erection test. The former 56 @entity1 also underwent bilateral selective internal iliac arteriography. A severely elevated maintenance flow rate (more than 120 ml. per minute) was found in 19 of the 56 @entity1 with vascular and none of the 13 with @entity323 , while a moderately elevated maintenance flow rate (80 to 120 ml. per minute) was found in 11 and 3, respectively. In most cases a severely elevated maintenance flow rate was associated with arterial (16 @entity1 ) or @entity16 able to disturb erection. However, a severely elevated maintenance flow rate seemed to correspond to an organic abnormality able to induce @entity323 or to worsen erectile failure induced by other organic factors. Indeed, we found no severely elevated maintenance flow rates among our 13 @entity1 with @entity323 and the nocturnal penile tumescence test was normal in only 1 of 12 tested @entity1 , although 7 had no other @entity73 sufficient to induce @entity323 (only moderate arterial stenoses in 4). In addition, sexual treatment succeeded in only 1 of the 13 @entity1 , while our success rate is 43 per cent among @entity1 with arterial @entity323 exclusively and this treatment succeeded in 6 of 10 @entity1 with a moderately elevated maintenance flow rate. On the contrary, a moderately elevated maintenance flow rate does not seem to correspond to a genuine organic abnormality able to induce @entity323 . Indeed, we found it in 3 of 13 @entity1 with @entity323 , and every @entity1 with a moderately elevated maintenance flow rate and normal arteries had a normal nocturnal penile tumescence test or was cured by sexual therapy. In conclusion, a maintenance flow rate exceeding 120 ml. per minute seems to reveal a genuine @entity1211 but in most cases this abnormality is only the cofactor of an @entity432 .

title: XXXX : critical study of the organic basis of high maintenance flow rates during artificial erection test.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['impotence', 'psychogenic impotence']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['organic impairment']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['arterial obstruction']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous incompetence']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['Venous incompetence']


abstract: The study comprises a retrospective evaluation of case records of 220 @entity1 admitted for the first time with @entity716 with special reference to clinical course and prognosis within a period of 13--14 years. The reliability of the diagnosis at the time of the first admission is about 60% when the evaluation is based on positive criteria for @entity716 . If the psychogenic @entity914 are divided into subgroups, the reliability of the diagnosis of psychogenic affective @entity914 is about 30%, whereas it is over 90% for psychogenic confusional @entity914 and psychogenic @entity10963 . If subsequent cases of other functional @entity914 ( @entity162 and @entity161 ) are subtracted, the diagnostic reliability is 50% (111 of 220 cases), which represents the number of retrospectively verified psychogenic @entity914 . The frequency of recurrence of @entity716 was 18% (40), corresponding to 36% of psychogenic @entity914 verified by retrospective evaluation (111 of 220 cases). The recurrences were mainly homologous, as heterologous recurrences developed only among the psychogenic affective @entity914 (slightly less than half of the recurrences in question). @entity161 developed in only 10% (23), and subsequent episodes of @entity162 occurred in 8% (18). The stability of @entity716 on recurrence of functional @entity716 was 49% expressed in relation to all subsequent cases of functional @entity716 . The over-all prognosis for the psychogenic/reactive @entity716 is thus good as regards subsequent @entity1032 . Chronic functional @entity716 ( @entity161 ) developed in only 10% (and in less than 20% if the prognosis is assessed on the basis of the reliability of the diagnosis at the time of the first admission (about 60%)). However, in the group of psychogenic/reactive @entity914 as a whole an overmortality of 100% was observed in the course of the 14 years, highest in the younger age groups.

title: Psychogenic XXXX . A retrospective study with special reference to clinical course and prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['manic-depressive psychosis']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental disease']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychoses']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychogenic psychosis', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity10963 :: ('MESH:D010259', 'Disease') :: ['paranoid psychoses']

answer: @entity914 :: (MESH:D011618,Disease) :: ['psychoses']


abstract: The efficacy of the @entity460 antagonists @entity594 and @entity3931 was evaluated in a multiinjection @entity235 model of severe @entity2553 . Each of 21 adult mongrel @entity235 (15 to 20 kg) was assigned to one of four experimental groups. All animals received a total of 15 ml of fresh, unheparinized arterial blood via three cisterna magna injections. Selective left vertebral arteriography was performed 1 week before and exactly 7 days after the simulated @entity510 . Treatment with @entity460 antagonists was initiated at 24 hours and continued for 7 consecutive days. Comparisons were based on the percentage of @entity9085 diameter. On a milligram/kilogram basis, we used the manufacturer's maximal recommended daily dosages of @entity594 , whereas the dosages of @entity3931 used were 3 to 7 times greater than that reported to be therapeutically effective in reducing the incidence of severe deficits from @entity2553 in @entity1 with @entity510 . In this laboratory trial, systemic treatment with @entity460 antagonists did not prevent or significantly reduce chronic arterial narrowing. In the control group, @entity2473 reduced basilar artery diameter an average of 71% +/- 11 (SD). In the group treated with @entity594 , 10 mg orally every 6 hours, vessel diameter was reduced an average of 58% +/- 13%. In those animals treated with @entity3931 , 20 or 40 mg orally every 4 hours, the basilar artery diameter was decreased an average of 59% +/- 8 and 56% +/- 7, respectively. A preliminary trial using direct intracisternal administration of these agents demonstrated increased vessel diameter within 20 minutes in four of six animals, supporting other reports that this route of administration may prove more efficacious in the treatment of @entity2553 .

title: @entity2553 : effect of XXXX antagonists.

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity9085 :: ('MESH:D014715', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in basilar artery']

entities_list: @entity3931 :: ('MESH:D009553', 'Chemical') :: ['nimodipine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm', 'chronic cerebral vasospasm']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: The efficacy of the @entity460 antagonists @entity594 and @entity3931 was evaluated in a multiinjection @entity235 model of severe @entity2553 . Each of 21 adult mongrel @entity235 (15 to 20 kg) was assigned to one of four experimental groups. All animals received a total of 15 ml of fresh, unheparinized arterial blood via three cisterna magna injections. Selective left vertebral arteriography was performed 1 week before and exactly 7 days after the simulated @entity510 . Treatment with @entity460 antagonists was initiated at 24 hours and continued for 7 consecutive days. Comparisons were based on the percentage of @entity9085 diameter. On a milligram/kilogram basis, we used the manufacturer's maximal recommended daily dosages of @entity594 , whereas the dosages of @entity3931 used were 3 to 7 times greater than that reported to be therapeutically effective in reducing the incidence of severe deficits from @entity2553 in @entity1 with @entity510 . In this laboratory trial, systemic treatment with @entity460 antagonists did not prevent or significantly reduce chronic arterial narrowing. In the control group, @entity2473 reduced basilar artery diameter an average of 71% +/- 11 (SD). In the group treated with @entity594 , 10 mg orally every 6 hours, vessel diameter was reduced an average of 58% +/- 13%. In those animals treated with @entity3931 , 20 or 40 mg orally every 4 hours, the basilar artery diameter was decreased an average of 59% +/- 8 and 56% +/- 7, respectively. A preliminary trial using direct intracisternal administration of these agents demonstrated increased vessel diameter within 20 minutes in four of six animals, supporting other reports that this route of administration may prove more efficacious in the treatment of @entity2553 .

title: XXXX : effect of @entity460 antagonists.

answer: @entity2553 :: (MESH:D020301,Disease) :: ['Chronic cerebral vasospasm']


abstract: The purpose of the present clinical investigation was to determine the maternal and perinatal outcome associated with continuing pregnancy in 44 consecutive @entity1 with severe chronic @entity101 in the first trimester. Each @entity1 was observed closely throughout pregnancy with frequent prenatal visits and intensive monitoring of the clinical status of both mother and fetus. There were no maternal deaths, but morbidity was very significant. Most @entity1 required repeated hospitalizations and on many occasions parenteral medications were used to reduce blood pressure. Nineteen had transient and one permanent @entity177 . These results confirm that pregnancy in @entity1 with severe @entity101 is beset with considerable morbidity, but with expert intensive care, gestations can be concluded successfully in those @entity1 who refuse termination. Twenty-three @entity1 (52%) developed superimposed @entity1468 , one @entity1 developed @entity1143 , and one @entity1 had postpartum hypertensive @entity75 . In addition, there was no evidence of late puerperal maternal cardiovascular or renal damage on long-term follow-up. There were ten stillbirths and one @entity204 for an overall perinatal mortality of 25%. Seventy percent of the @entity1 were delivered before 37 weeks' gestation, and 19 @entity1 (43%) were small for gestational age. However, all the perinatal deaths and most of the neonatal morbidity occurred among the 23 @entity1 with superimposed @entity1468 .

title: Pregnancy outcome of intensive therapy in severe XXXX in first trimester.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal deterioration']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal death']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) has been considered to be a potentially suitable target for anticancer therapy. This study was designed to investigate the effect of @entity7131 inhibitor @entity866 (ST) on the inhibition of proliferation, the induction of apoptosis, and the change of cell cycle in @entity1 @entity356 cell lines MGC-803 and SGC-7901. METHODS: The inhibition rates of cell proliferation were evaluated by @entity3460 exclusion. The apoptotic bodies were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The apoptotic peaks of the cells and the changes of cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS: ST inhibited cell growth of MGC-803, IC(50) of 24 hours was 54 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 23 ng/ml. ST inhibited cell growth of SGC-7901, IC(50) of 24 hours was 61 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 37 ng/ml. MGC-803 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 23.6+/-1.8%, 11.6+/-0.7%, and 3.3+/-0.2%, respectively (54.3+/-3.1% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M phage were 22.6+/-4.0%, 35.5+/-0.4%, and 36.8+/-5.5%, respectively (13.5+/-0.2 in control group). SGC-7901 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 27.1+/-1.4%, 17.0+/-3.4%, 13.7+/-0.7%, respectively (52.5+/-4.4% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M were 21.9+/-2.6%, 39.5+/-4.9%, and 38.4+/-3.1%, respectively (13.5+/-2.2% in control roup). Compared with the control group, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage of two cell lines decreased and that of G(2)/M cells increased significantly in the ST treated group(P< 0.01). Treated by ST at the concentration of 200 ng/ml, the apoptotic peaks and typical apoptotic bodies were observed. CONCLUSION: ST significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of MGC-803 cells and SGC-7901 cells; ST induces G(2)/M phase arrest.

title: [Effect of @entity866 on cell cycle of @entity1 XXXX cells].

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['PKC', 'Protein kinase C']

entities_list: @entity3460 :: ('MESH:D014343', 'Chemical') :: ['trypan blue']

entities_list: @entity866 :: ('MESH:D019311', 'Chemical') :: ['staurosporine']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) has been considered to be a potentially suitable target for anticancer therapy. This study was designed to investigate the effect of @entity7131 inhibitor @entity866 (ST) on the inhibition of proliferation, the induction of apoptosis, and the change of cell cycle in @entity1 @entity356 cell lines MGC-803 and SGC-7901. METHODS: The inhibition rates of cell proliferation were evaluated by @entity3460 exclusion. The apoptotic bodies were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The apoptotic peaks of the cells and the changes of cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS: ST inhibited cell growth of MGC-803, IC(50) of 24 hours was 54 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 23 ng/ml. ST inhibited cell growth of SGC-7901, IC(50) of 24 hours was 61 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 37 ng/ml. MGC-803 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 23.6+/-1.8%, 11.6+/-0.7%, and 3.3+/-0.2%, respectively (54.3+/-3.1% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M phage were 22.6+/-4.0%, 35.5+/-0.4%, and 36.8+/-5.5%, respectively (13.5+/-0.2 in control group). SGC-7901 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 27.1+/-1.4%, 17.0+/-3.4%, 13.7+/-0.7%, respectively (52.5+/-4.4% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M were 21.9+/-2.6%, 39.5+/-4.9%, and 38.4+/-3.1%, respectively (13.5+/-2.2% in control roup). Compared with the control group, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage of two cell lines decreased and that of G(2)/M cells increased significantly in the ST treated group(P< 0.01). Treated by ST at the concentration of 200 ng/ml, the apoptotic peaks and typical apoptotic bodies were observed. CONCLUSION: ST significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of MGC-803 cells and SGC-7901 cells; ST induces G(2)/M phase arrest.

title: [Effect of XXXX on cell cycle of @entity1 @entity356 cells].

answer: @entity866 :: (MESH:D019311,Chemical) :: ['staurosporine']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) has been considered to be a potentially suitable target for anticancer therapy. This study was designed to investigate the effect of @entity7131 inhibitor @entity866 (ST) on the inhibition of proliferation, the induction of apoptosis, and the change of cell cycle in @entity1 @entity356 cell lines MGC-803 and SGC-7901. METHODS: The inhibition rates of cell proliferation were evaluated by @entity3460 exclusion. The apoptotic bodies were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The apoptotic peaks of the cells and the changes of cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS: ST inhibited cell growth of MGC-803, IC(50) of 24 hours was 54 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 23 ng/ml. ST inhibited cell growth of SGC-7901, IC(50) of 24 hours was 61 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 37 ng/ml. MGC-803 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 23.6+/-1.8%, 11.6+/-0.7%, and 3.3+/-0.2%, respectively (54.3+/-3.1% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M phage were 22.6+/-4.0%, 35.5+/-0.4%, and 36.8+/-5.5%, respectively (13.5+/-0.2 in control group). SGC-7901 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 27.1+/-1.4%, 17.0+/-3.4%, 13.7+/-0.7%, respectively (52.5+/-4.4% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M were 21.9+/-2.6%, 39.5+/-4.9%, and 38.4+/-3.1%, respectively (13.5+/-2.2% in control roup). Compared with the control group, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage of two cell lines decreased and that of G(2)/M cells increased significantly in the ST treated group(P< 0.01). Treated by ST at the concentration of 200 ng/ml, the apoptotic peaks and typical apoptotic bodies were observed. CONCLUSION: ST significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of MGC-803 cells and SGC-7901 cells; ST induces G(2)/M phase arrest.

title: [Effect of @entity866 on cell cycle of XXXX @entity356 cells].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: A retrospective analysis of 48 cases of histologically proven primary @entity344 was done. The analysis covered a 12-year period from January 1966 through December 1977. Four percent of all @entity5 of the gastrointestinal tract were of this type. Males outnumbered females by a ratio of 1.8:1. The mean age of the @entity1 was 21 years. The vagueness and variability of clinical features and nonspecific radiological findings were the main reasons for subjecting all the @entity1 in this series to laparotomy. The most common site of involvement was the ileocecal region, followed by the ileum, the jejunum, and the stomach. Most of the cases were in an advanced stage of the disease as was suggested by the finding of lump in 60% and @entity843 in 20% of the cases. Radical resection, possible in only six cases, appears to be the best treatment. The effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy were disappointing. Prognostically, cases of localized and polypoidal lesions of the small bowel and @entity978 showed better survival.

title: A clinicopathological study of primary XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal lymphoma']


abstract: Left ventricular (LV) mechanics and dynamic geometry were studied in eight @entity235 1 to 151 days after creation of a model of @entity848 and increased right ventricular (RV) pressure. In each @entity235 , an 8 mm conduit was interposed between the main pulmonary artery and left atrium; the pulmonary artery was then banded distal to this shunt. Ultrasonic dimension transducers were subsequently implanted for the measurement of LV equatorial minor axis and wall thickness. Catheter-tipped micromanometers were used to measure LV and pleural pressures; RV pressure was measured with a fluid-filled catheter and an external transducer. Eight control animals were similarly instrumented. At the time of study, the cyanotic @entity235 had significantly decreased arterial @entity26 saturations (66% +/- 7% versus controls: 96% +/- 5%), significantly elevated peak RV pressures, (55 +/- 7 mm Hg versus controls: 30 +/- 5 mm Hg) and significantly elevated ratios of RV to LV mass (0.52 +/- 0.05 versus controls: 0.36 +/- 0.05). Diastolic pressure-dimension curves were generated and time constant for LV relaxation were calculated for each animal. The diastolic curves obtained from the cyanotic @entity235 were not significantly different from those of the control animals, and LV relaxation was not prolonged in the cyanotic @entity235 . In the three @entity235 that were cyanotic for 4 months or longer, there was a profound abnormality in the geometric pattern of LV contraction, manifested by asynchronous shortening of the anteroposterior equatorial minor axis. In two of these three @entity235 , inotropic reserves were assessed by means of postextrasystolic potentiation and were found to be normal. The results of this study indicate that short-term mild @entity848 and RV pressure overload do not alter diastolic compliance nor prolong relaxation of the LV. LV dynamic geometry may become abnormal after 4 months, with preservation of global LV inotropic reserves.

title: Left ventricular dynamic geometry and diastolic mechanics in a model of chronic XXXX and right ventricular pressure overload.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity848 :: ('MESH:D003490', 'Disease') :: ['cyanosis']

answer: @entity848 :: (MESH:D003490,Disease) :: ['cyanosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of commercially available latanoprost 0.005% given every evening versus @entity6839 0.5% and @entity15438 2% fixed combination (TDFC) given twice daily to white Greeks with primary @entity1538 and ocular @entity101 @entity1 . DESIGN: A single-masked, two-center, crossover comparison with two 6-week treatment periods occurring after at least a 3-week medicine-free period. Diurnal curve intraocular pressures were taken at 2:00 AM, 6:00 AM, 10:00 AM, 2:00 PM, 6:00 PM, and 10:00 PM. @entity1 : Thirty-four subjects with primary @entity1538 or @entity2790 were enrolled. INTERVENTIONS: Latanoprost 0.005% given every evening and TDFC twice daily. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary efficacy variable was diurnal intraocular pressure. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 completed the study. On the last day of treatment, the mean diurnal intraocular pressure for latanoprost was 15.9 +/- 2.3 mmHg and for TDFC was 15.3 +/- 2.0 mmHg (P = 0.05). Individual time points for intraocular pressure were not statistically different between groups except at the 10:00 PM time point, when the mean for TDFC was 14.6 +/- 2.7 mmHg and for latanoprost was 16.6 +/- 3.1 mmHg (P < 0.006). Eighteen @entity1 overall preferred latanoprost versus 2 @entity1 for the fixed combination, generally because of the greater convenience of once daily dosing. Adverse events were not significantly different between groups except that a bitter taste was found more frequently with TDFC (n = 9) than with latanoprost (n = 0; P = 0.009). Despite screening to exclude intolerance to beta-blockers, a single @entity1 had to discontinue the TDFC because of new-onset @entity565 . CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the 24-hour diurnal intraocular pressure is lowered more, by a small but statistically significant amount, with TDFC compared with latanoprost in primary @entity1538 and ocular @entity101 @entity1 .

title: Twenty-four-hour diurnal curve comparison of commercially available latanoprost 0.005% versus the XXXX and @entity15438 fixed combination.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity15438 :: ('MESH:C062765', 'Chemical') :: ['dorzolamide']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['ocular hypertension']

answer: @entity6839 :: (MESH:D013999,Chemical) :: ['timolol']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of commercially available latanoprost 0.005% given every evening versus @entity6839 0.5% and @entity15438 2% fixed combination (TDFC) given twice daily to white Greeks with primary @entity1538 and ocular @entity101 @entity1 . DESIGN: A single-masked, two-center, crossover comparison with two 6-week treatment periods occurring after at least a 3-week medicine-free period. Diurnal curve intraocular pressures were taken at 2:00 AM, 6:00 AM, 10:00 AM, 2:00 PM, 6:00 PM, and 10:00 PM. @entity1 : Thirty-four subjects with primary @entity1538 or @entity2790 were enrolled. INTERVENTIONS: Latanoprost 0.005% given every evening and TDFC twice daily. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary efficacy variable was diurnal intraocular pressure. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 completed the study. On the last day of treatment, the mean diurnal intraocular pressure for latanoprost was 15.9 +/- 2.3 mmHg and for TDFC was 15.3 +/- 2.0 mmHg (P = 0.05). Individual time points for intraocular pressure were not statistically different between groups except at the 10:00 PM time point, when the mean for TDFC was 14.6 +/- 2.7 mmHg and for latanoprost was 16.6 +/- 3.1 mmHg (P < 0.006). Eighteen @entity1 overall preferred latanoprost versus 2 @entity1 for the fixed combination, generally because of the greater convenience of once daily dosing. Adverse events were not significantly different between groups except that a bitter taste was found more frequently with TDFC (n = 9) than with latanoprost (n = 0; P = 0.009). Despite screening to exclude intolerance to beta-blockers, a single @entity1 had to discontinue the TDFC because of new-onset @entity565 . CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the 24-hour diurnal intraocular pressure is lowered more, by a small but statistically significant amount, with TDFC compared with latanoprost in primary @entity1538 and ocular @entity101 @entity1 .

title: Twenty-four-hour diurnal curve comparison of commercially available latanoprost 0.005% versus the @entity6839 and XXXX fixed combination.

answer: @entity15438 :: (MESH:C062765,Chemical) :: ['dorzolamide']


abstract: Radiation therapy is sometimes prescribed as an alternative to partial or total laryngopharyngectomy in the initial management of @entity189 . Forty-two @entity1 were irradiated for cure and have a follow-up period of 2-14 years. Local control by irradiation alone was 11 of 14 for T1, 6 of 10 for T2, 3 of 6 for T3, and 1 of 7 T4. Three T2 failures were salvaged by laryngopharyngectomy for an ultimate control of 9 of 10 for T2. Management of the neck is critical since 79% of the @entity1 presented with clinically positive necks, and many had @entity135 . Complete or partial neck dissection was added after irradiation on an individualized basis. In spite of the extensive @entity135 , only three @entity1 died of uncontrolled @entity135 with the primary controlled. The two-year absolute survival for Stages I and II was 83%, Stage III 62% and Stage and Stage IV 52%. The five-year absolute survival for Stages I and II was 66%, Stage III 38%, and Stage IV 10%. Complications of irradiation, neck dissection, and surgical salvage procedures are reviewed.

title: Radical irradiation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['substantial neck disease', 'neck disease', 'degree of neck disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the pyriform sinus']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the pyriform sinus']


abstract: The large-scale transcriptional program of two @entity19313 strains (SKO1 and M5) relative to that of the parent strain ( @entity164 [ @entity164 ]) was examined by using DNA microarrays. Glass DNA arrays containing a selected set of 1,019 genes (including all 178 pSOL1 genes) covering more than 25% of the whole genome were designed, constructed, and validated for data reliability. Strain SKO1, with an inactivated spo0A gene, displays an asporogenous, filamentous, and largely deficient solventogenic phenotype. SKO1 displays downregulation of all solvent formation genes, sigF, and @entity1735 metabolism genes (similar to genes expressed as part of the stationary-phase response in @entity3881 ) but also several electron transport genes. A major cluster of genes upregulated in SKO1 includes abrB, the genes from the major @entity6722 and motility operons, and glycosylation genes. @entity50195 displays an asporogenous and nonsolventogenic phenotype due to loss of the megaplasmid pSOL1, which contains all genes necessary for solvent formation. Therefore, M5 displays downregulation of all pSOL1 genes expressed in the @entity164 . Notable among other genes expressed more highly in @entity164 than in M5 were sigF, several two-component @entity3793 kinases, spo0A, cheA, cheC, many stress response genes, fts family genes, DNA topoisomerase genes, and central- @entity505 metabolism genes. Genes expressed more highly in M5 include electron transport genes (but different from those downregulated in SKO1) and several motility and @entity6722 genes. Most of these expression patterns were consistent with phenotypic characteristics. Several of these expression patterns are new or different from what is known in @entity3881 and can be used to test a number of functional-genomic hypotheses.

title: DNA array-based transcriptional analysis of asporogenous, nonsolventogenic XXXX strains SKO1 and M5.

entities_list: @entity6722 :: ('MESH:C565534', 'Disease') :: ['chemotaxis']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity19313 :: ('1488', 'Species') :: ['Clostridium acetobutylicum']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis', 'B. subtilis']

answer: @entity19313 :: (1488,Species) :: ['Clostridium acetobutylicum']


abstract: @entity1 umbilical cord vein segments have been used as vessel substitutes for damaged or occluded arteries, as aorto-coronary by-passes and as arterio-venous fistulae for dialysis. The Dardik-Biograft fixed with @entity3584 and the Mindich-Bioflow, fixed with @entity1068 and @entity21935 starch, are commercially available. They were implanted in @entity235 as replacements for a segment of the abdominal aorta. Post-implantation status was followed by angiography. They were evaluated after removal from sacrificed animals with the aid of scanning electron microscopy and histological techniques. Attention was focused on vessel patency, dimensional stability, integrity of the @entity254 line, lumen wall microstructure, evidence of suture damage and @entity715 deposition pattern. Both types of grafts gave functional by-passes for at least until 6 months post-implantation. The Dardik-Biograft appeared more prone to @entity715 formation near the @entity254 . Sparse cellular development was also noted. The Mindich-Bioflow gave rise to a prosthesis of superior thromboresistance which was more subject to mechanical damage.

title: Processes XXXX umbilical veins as arterial substitutes--evaluation in @entity235 models.

entities_list: @entity21935 :: ('CHEBI:38124', 'Chemical') :: ['dialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity1 umbilical cord vein segments have been used as vessel substitutes for damaged or occluded arteries, as aorto-coronary by-passes and as arterio-venous fistulae for dialysis. The Dardik-Biograft fixed with @entity3584 and the Mindich-Bioflow, fixed with @entity1068 and @entity21935 starch, are commercially available. They were implanted in @entity235 as replacements for a segment of the abdominal aorta. Post-implantation status was followed by angiography. They were evaluated after removal from sacrificed animals with the aid of scanning electron microscopy and histological techniques. Attention was focused on vessel patency, dimensional stability, integrity of the @entity254 line, lumen wall microstructure, evidence of suture damage and @entity715 deposition pattern. Both types of grafts gave functional by-passes for at least until 6 months post-implantation. The Dardik-Biograft appeared more prone to @entity715 formation near the @entity254 . Sparse cellular development was also noted. The Mindich-Bioflow gave rise to a prosthesis of superior thromboresistance which was more subject to mechanical damage.

title: Processes @entity1 umbilical veins as arterial substitutes--evaluation in XXXX models.

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: In gerbils the hemispheric blood flow was interrupted for 5 min by bilateral carotid artery occlusion to produce delayed selective destruction of the @entity1399 sector of hippocampus. The influence of hemodynamic factors was studied by evaluating the microcirculation before and at two times after @entity63 (3 min and 7 days), using Evans blue as an intravital vascular tracer. The density of perfused capillaries and the fractional volume of circulating blood were determined by quantitative morphometry and the values for the vulnerable @entity1399 sector compared with those for the resistant @entity1400 sector and cerebral cortex. In control animals the number of perfused capillaries in the @entity1399 sector was about 20% lower, and the volume of circulating blood about 30% lower, than in the @entity1400 sector or cerebral cortex. This difference was markedly enhanced after 5-min @entity63 . During the early recirculation phase, capillary perfusion improved in the cortex, whereas in the @entity1399 sector (and to a lesser degree also in the @entity1400 sector) it declined. After 7 days, the density of perfused capillaries and the volume of circulating blood had returned to control levels in the cerebral cortex and @entity1400 sector of hippocampus. In the @entity1399 sector, in contrast, the microcirculation had further deteriorated. The density of perfused capillaries was less than 30%, and the circulating blood volume even less than 50%, of that in the cerebral cortex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Morphometric evaluation of post- XXXX capillary perfusion in selectively vulnerable areas of gerbil brain.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The waiting times for elective surgery of @entity14147 ( @entity14147 ) in adults are unacceptably long in some cases. During this period, irreducibility and strangulation are possible. We operate on adult @entity1 under local anaesthesia (LA) as day cases to avoid this delay and describe our experience in this paper. AIMS: The aims of our study were to look at the age and sex distribution, body weight, type and amount of local anaesthetic used, morbidity, admission and readmission rates, and waiting times of adult @entity1 operated on for @entity14147 under LA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a retrospective study covering a 4 year period from July 1996 to June 2000 including all adult @entity1 undergoing the above procedure under the care of a single consultant general surgeon. A standard Mayo repair using non absorbable material was used without a mesh or a drain. RESULTS: 32 @entity1 with @entity14147 were operated on under LA, 23 males and 9 females with a median age of 51 years (range 20 to 86 years). The body weight ranged from 63 to 120 (median 87) kg. The average duration of the procedure was 30 (range 22-40) minutes. Sedation was needed in 4 @entity1 . Two @entity1 developed @entity2737 , one superficial and one deep. There was no mortality. The median period of follow-up was 24 (range 4-48) months and there was no recurrence. The median waiting time for the operation was 6 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Day case local anaesthetic repair of @entity14147 in adults seems to be safe and feasible with an acceptable morbidity. Suture repair in the right @entity1 has excellent results and the waiting times are acceptable.

title: XXXX in adults: day case local anaesthetic repair.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity14147 :: ('MESH:D006554', 'Disease') :: ['Umbilical hernia', 'UH']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['wound infections']

answer: @entity14147 :: (MESH:D006554,Disease) :: ['Umbilical hernia']


abstract: American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) experience high rates of @entity740 . Several studies have demonstrated increased rates of early @entity8 among AI/AN, both in @entity6 and non- @entity6 . Among some tribes of the American Southwest, high rates of mesangiopathic @entity631 have been documented. The epidemic of @entity6 among AI/AN, which began in the middle of the 20th century, appears to be driving the increase in @entity454 ( @entity454 ). At the end of 1999, AI/AN had a national prevalence rate of treated @entity454 that was 3.5 times greater than that of white Americans. There is significant regional variation as well as differences among the approximately 550 tribes that make up the American Indian community, with some tribes experiencing @entity454 rates over twenty times the rate of whites. Although graft survival is excellent, AI/AN @entity454 @entity1 are less likely than whites to be placed on the transplant waiting list, and those listed wait longer for a transplant. Despite socioeconomic barriers and high rates of co-morbid illness, survival among AI/AN @entity454 @entity1 is better than among whites. The @entity8 , particularly the multigenerational occurrence in some families, is perceived as a major threat to the well-being of native communities. There is a sense of urgency among tribal leaders to address this epidemic, and research that may decrease its burden is likely to be welcomed.

title: The spectrum of XXXX in American Indians.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['burden of kidney disease', 'kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetics', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['kidney disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Idiopathic @entity145 are rare lesions not associated with @entity130 or other inflammatory insults. To date, there have been few large series describing the presentation and management of these lesions. METHODS: Twenty-one cases of intradural spinal @entity145 were identified (1994-2001). Pediatric @entity1 and cases with antecedent @entity130 were excluded. There were eight @entity1 and 13 @entity1 with an average age of 52 years. Follow-up averaged 17 months. RESULTS: Cysts were most commonly found in the thoracic spine (81%). Fifteen cysts were dorsal to the spinal cord and six were ventral to the spinal cord. All @entity1 underwent laminectomy with cyst fenestration and radical cyst wall resection. Based upon intraoperative ultrasonography, four cysts were also shunted to the subarachnoid space, and seven @entity1 had an expansile duraplasty with freeze-dried dural allograft. Of the seven @entity1 with @entity1644 , three resolved with extramedullary cyst resection alone. Four required syrinx to subarachnoid shunting. Follow-up MRI demonstrated cyst resolution in all cases. All seven intramedullary syrinxes were decreased in size and four resolved completely. @entity425 (100%), @entity427 (91%), and @entity322 (80%) were more likely to improve than @entity9 (44%) and @entity1183 (33%). One @entity1 had increased @entity1183 postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4037 are more likely to cause @entity425 and @entity17589 signs. Preoperative symptoms of @entity9 and @entity1183 are less likely to improve than @entity425 and @entity602 . Utilizing intraoperative ultrasound to guide aggressive surgical treatment with the adjuncts of shunting and duraplasty results in a high rate of @entity45 .

title: Intradural spinal XXXX in adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['Ventral cysts']

entities_list: @entity1644 :: ('MESH:D013595', 'Disease') :: ['syringomyelia']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['Weakness', 'weakness']

entities_list: @entity145 :: ('MESH:D016080', 'Disease') :: ['arachnoid cysts']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['cyst and syrinx obliteration']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['hyperreflexia']

entities_list: @entity17589 :: ('MESH:D009134', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathic']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity145 :: (MESH:D016080,Disease) :: ['arachnoid cysts']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report post-brachytherapy results in high and intermediate risk @entity1 of @entity263 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: From June 1994 to June 2000, 356 consecutive high and intermediate risk @entity1 were treated with three-dimensional computed tomography-guided stereotactic pararectal brachytherapy. The age was 42-90 years (median, 68 years), the initial prostate volume was 14-180 cm3 (median, 59 cm3), and initial PSA was 1.7-143 ng/ml (median, 10.5 ng/ml). Three hundred forty-eight @entity1 were available for follow-up for 2-8 years (median, 4.5 years). Two hundred eighty @entity1 had one or more high risk factors (PSA >20 ng/ml, Gleason>7, Stage T2b, T3a, or T3b). Sixty-eight @entity1 had only one intermediate risk factor (PSA 10-20 ng/ml or Gleason=7). @entity1 with both intermediate risks were considered high risk. The high-risk group was further stratified into subgroups with similar risk profile. A dose of 144 Gy with 125I or 120 Gy with 103Pd was achieved in 90-100% of the target. Thirty (30) @entity1 (9%) had prior transurethral resection and 229 (64%) were treated with 3 months neoadjuvant @entity342 ablation. RESULTS: Biochemical disease-free survival was 92% of 280 high risk @entity1 and 96% of 68 intermediate risk @entity1 . Seven @entity1 (2%) required catheterization during the first year for urinary retention, nine @entity1 (3%) required TUR 1-3 years post-implant, three @entity1 (1%) developed grade 1 or 2 @entity322 after a second TUR, and four @entity1 (1%) developed grade 3 rectal complications. CONCLUSION: This method produces a high level of biochemical control 2-8 years (median 4.5 years). Morbidity is acceptable regardless of risk profile or initial prostate volume.

title: High and intermediate XXXX treated with three-dimensional computed tomography-guided brachytherapy: 2-8-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['risk prostate cancer']


abstract: The rapid effects of @entity134 hormones on @entity141 signals have been examined in @entity291 adrenocortical cells. Among the @entity134 molecules tested, only @entity2819 rapidly stimulated @entity141 signals upon addition of ACTH, although @entity2819 alone did not induce @entity141 signals. @entity2819 also enhanced steroidogenesis induced by ACTH. The enhancement of ACTH-induced @entity141 signals was also observed with membrane-impermeable @entity2819 conjugated to BSA and was not inhibited by @entity1880 . In addition, @entity2819 did not enhance @entity141 signals induced by @entity855 or angiotensin II. These results suggest that @entity2819 selectively stimulates ACTH-induced @entity141 signals in a nongenomic way by acting on a target in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the supernatants of cells incubated with ACTH or @entity855 enhanced @entity141 signals, suggesting that @entity230 produced by such treatment act in an autocrine fashion. Consistent with this idea, these effects were inhibited by inhibitors of steroidogenesis ( @entity6239 or @entity4235 ). These results show that @entity134 molecules synthesized in adrenocortical cells facilitate ACTH-induced @entity141 signals. Taken together, @entity2819 secreted from adrenocortical cells activates ACTH-induced @entity141 signals and steroidogenesis by nongenomic means.

title: @entity2819 enhances adrenocorticotropin-induced calcium signals in XXXX adrenocortical cells.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity4235 :: ('MESH:D008797', 'Chemical') :: ['metyrapone']

entities_list: @entity1880 :: ('MESH:D003513', 'Chemical') :: ['cycloheximide']

entities_list: @entity6239 :: ('MESH:D000616', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglutethimide']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosterone', 'corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: The rapid effects of @entity134 hormones on @entity141 signals have been examined in @entity291 adrenocortical cells. Among the @entity134 molecules tested, only @entity2819 rapidly stimulated @entity141 signals upon addition of ACTH, although @entity2819 alone did not induce @entity141 signals. @entity2819 also enhanced steroidogenesis induced by ACTH. The enhancement of ACTH-induced @entity141 signals was also observed with membrane-impermeable @entity2819 conjugated to BSA and was not inhibited by @entity1880 . In addition, @entity2819 did not enhance @entity141 signals induced by @entity855 or angiotensin II. These results suggest that @entity2819 selectively stimulates ACTH-induced @entity141 signals in a nongenomic way by acting on a target in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the supernatants of cells incubated with ACTH or @entity855 enhanced @entity141 signals, suggesting that @entity230 produced by such treatment act in an autocrine fashion. Consistent with this idea, these effects were inhibited by inhibitors of steroidogenesis ( @entity6239 or @entity4235 ). These results show that @entity134 molecules synthesized in adrenocortical cells facilitate ACTH-induced @entity141 signals. Taken together, @entity2819 secreted from adrenocortical cells activates ACTH-induced @entity141 signals and steroidogenesis by nongenomic means.

title: XXXX enhances adrenocorticotropin-induced calcium signals in @entity291 adrenocortical cells.

answer: @entity2819 :: (MESH:D003345,Chemical) :: ['Corticosterone']


abstract: PURPOSE: Little is known about communication with @entity1 suffering from @entity1583 , many of whom are seen by subspecialists in consultation at tertiary-care centers. These subspecialized consultations might provide the best examples of optimal physician- @entity1 communication behaviors, given that these consultations tend to be lengthy, to occur between individuals who have not met before and may have no intention of an ongoing relationship, and which have a goal of providing treatment recommendations. The aim of this paper is to describe and quantify the content of the subspecialty consultation in regards to exchanging information and identify @entity1 and provider characteristics associated with discussion elements. METHODS: Audio-recorded consultations between 236 @entity1 and 40 hematologists were coded for recommended communication practices. Multilevel models for dichotomous outcomes were created to test associations between @entity1 , physician and consultation characteristics and key discussion elements. RESULTS: Discussions about the purpose of the visit and @entity1 's knowledge about their disease were common. Other elements such as @entity1 's preference for his/her role in decision-making, preferences for information, or understanding of presented information were less common. Treatment recommendations were provided in 97% of the consultations and unambiguous presentations of prognosis occurred in 81% of the consultations. Unambiguous presentations of prognosis were associated with non-White @entity1 race, lower educational status, greater number of questions asked, and specific physician provider. CONCLUSION: Although some communication behaviors occur in most consultations, others are much less common and could help tailor the amount and type of information discussed. Approximately half of the @entity1 are told unambiguous prognostic estimates for mortality or cure.

title: Information giving and receiving in XXXX consultations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancies']

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['hematological malignancy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The use of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in predicting recovery after @entity64 still appears to be somehow equivocal. We assessed the prognostic value of MEPs with respect to arm and hand motor recovery in @entity64 @entity1 . METHODS: This cohort study included 43 consecutive @entity64 @entity1 with complete @entity912 of the upper extremity. MEPs of the @entity121 ( @entity121 ) and the biceps brachii muscle (BB) were obtained within 10 days after @entity64 onset. The upper limb subset of the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment was used to evaluate the motor performance at regular intervals until 6 months after @entity64 . RESULTS: The follow-up was complete in 40 @entity1 (2 @entity1 died and 1 @entity1 had a recurrent @entity64 ); 14 @entity1 showed motor recovery of the arm and their mean 26-week arm motor score was 17.93 (range 3-30, SD 11.68); hand motor recovery occurred in 11 @entity1 and their mean 26-week hand motor score was 11.09 (range 4-14, SD 4.10). Stepwise logistic regression revealed prognostic models for both arm and hand motor recovery based on BB MEPs (odds ratio 7.69, confidence interval, CI, 1.16-50.95) and @entity121 MEPs (odds ratio 16.20, CI 2.51-104.40), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The predictive significance of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity was obvious in our homogeneous sample of @entity1 . This agrees with the paradigm that motor recovery after infarction is strongly dependent on a critical residual sparing of the corticospinal function. In this context, the test properties of MEPs in predicting motor recovery are discussed. The added value of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity should be regarded as established for @entity1 with initial @entity912 , especially since clinical examination alone lacks the possibility to detect the potential for motor recovery in these cases.

title: Motor evoked potentials in predicting recovery from @entity912 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['ADM', 'abductor digiti minimi muscle']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['acute stroke']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The use of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in predicting recovery after @entity64 still appears to be somehow equivocal. We assessed the prognostic value of MEPs with respect to arm and hand motor recovery in @entity64 @entity1 . METHODS: This cohort study included 43 consecutive @entity64 @entity1 with complete @entity912 of the upper extremity. MEPs of the @entity121 ( @entity121 ) and the biceps brachii muscle (BB) were obtained within 10 days after @entity64 onset. The upper limb subset of the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment was used to evaluate the motor performance at regular intervals until 6 months after @entity64 . RESULTS: The follow-up was complete in 40 @entity1 (2 @entity1 died and 1 @entity1 had a recurrent @entity64 ); 14 @entity1 showed motor recovery of the arm and their mean 26-week arm motor score was 17.93 (range 3-30, SD 11.68); hand motor recovery occurred in 11 @entity1 and their mean 26-week hand motor score was 11.09 (range 4-14, SD 4.10). Stepwise logistic regression revealed prognostic models for both arm and hand motor recovery based on BB MEPs (odds ratio 7.69, confidence interval, CI, 1.16-50.95) and @entity121 MEPs (odds ratio 16.20, CI 2.51-104.40), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The predictive significance of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity was obvious in our homogeneous sample of @entity1 . This agrees with the paradigm that motor recovery after infarction is strongly dependent on a critical residual sparing of the corticospinal function. In this context, the test properties of MEPs in predicting motor recovery are discussed. The added value of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity should be regarded as established for @entity1 with initial @entity912 , especially since clinical examination alone lacks the possibility to detect the potential for motor recovery in these cases.

title: Motor evoked potentials in predicting recovery from XXXX after @entity64 .

answer: @entity912 :: (MESH:D010243,Disease) :: ['upper extremity paralysis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Registry databases offer the statistical power to analyze differences in graft survival rates that may not be detected in randomized clinical trials. This study analyses 2-year graft survival using @entity1140 (tac) or @entity205 ( @entity870 ) with @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) and @entity230 . METHODS: Data reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing Renal Transplant Registry for living-donor kidney @entity1 receiving a transplant during 1998 to 1999 were included. The primary end point was graft survival after adjustment for confounding variables. A Cox model multivariate analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: @entity1 receiving CsA- @entity2098 (n=4,686) and tac- @entity2098 (n=2,393) were included. Unadjusted all-cause 2-year graft survival rate was significantly higher with CsA- @entity2098 than tac- @entity2098 (94.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.0006). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risk of graft failure at 2 years was significantly higher in @entity1 receiving tac- @entity2098 versus CsA- @entity2098 for both all-cause graft failure (hazards ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49, P=0.002) and death-censored graft failure (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49, P=0.013). Other independent risk factors for graft failure were recipient or donor age greater than 55 years, female sex, pretransplant blood transfusions, one or two haplotype mismatches compared with zero haplotype mismatch, and panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 30%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that 2-year renal allograft survival is significantly higher in living-donor recipients receiving CsA compared with tac as initial immunosuppression in combination with @entity2098 .

title: Graft survival following living-donor renal transplantation: a comparison of @entity1140 and XXXX microemulsion with @entity618 and @entity230 .

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

answer: @entity205 :: (MESH:D016572,Chemical) :: ['cyclosporine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Registry databases offer the statistical power to analyze differences in graft survival rates that may not be detected in randomized clinical trials. This study analyses 2-year graft survival using @entity1140 (tac) or @entity205 ( @entity870 ) with @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) and @entity230 . METHODS: Data reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing Renal Transplant Registry for living-donor kidney @entity1 receiving a transplant during 1998 to 1999 were included. The primary end point was graft survival after adjustment for confounding variables. A Cox model multivariate analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: @entity1 receiving CsA- @entity2098 (n=4,686) and tac- @entity2098 (n=2,393) were included. Unadjusted all-cause 2-year graft survival rate was significantly higher with CsA- @entity2098 than tac- @entity2098 (94.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.0006). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risk of graft failure at 2 years was significantly higher in @entity1 receiving tac- @entity2098 versus CsA- @entity2098 for both all-cause graft failure (hazards ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49, P=0.002) and death-censored graft failure (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49, P=0.013). Other independent risk factors for graft failure were recipient or donor age greater than 55 years, female sex, pretransplant blood transfusions, one or two haplotype mismatches compared with zero haplotype mismatch, and panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 30%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that 2-year renal allograft survival is significantly higher in living-donor recipients receiving CsA compared with tac as initial immunosuppression in combination with @entity2098 .

title: Graft survival following living-donor renal transplantation: a comparison of @entity1140 and @entity205 microemulsion with @entity618 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Registry databases offer the statistical power to analyze differences in graft survival rates that may not be detected in randomized clinical trials. This study analyses 2-year graft survival using @entity1140 (tac) or @entity205 ( @entity870 ) with @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) and @entity230 . METHODS: Data reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing Renal Transplant Registry for living-donor kidney @entity1 receiving a transplant during 1998 to 1999 were included. The primary end point was graft survival after adjustment for confounding variables. A Cox model multivariate analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: @entity1 receiving CsA- @entity2098 (n=4,686) and tac- @entity2098 (n=2,393) were included. Unadjusted all-cause 2-year graft survival rate was significantly higher with CsA- @entity2098 than tac- @entity2098 (94.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.0006). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risk of graft failure at 2 years was significantly higher in @entity1 receiving tac- @entity2098 versus CsA- @entity2098 for both all-cause graft failure (hazards ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49, P=0.002) and death-censored graft failure (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49, P=0.013). Other independent risk factors for graft failure were recipient or donor age greater than 55 years, female sex, pretransplant blood transfusions, one or two haplotype mismatches compared with zero haplotype mismatch, and panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 30%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that 2-year renal allograft survival is significantly higher in living-donor recipients receiving CsA compared with tac as initial immunosuppression in combination with @entity2098 .

title: Graft survival following living-donor renal transplantation: a comparison of XXXX and @entity205 microemulsion with @entity618 and @entity230 .

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Registry databases offer the statistical power to analyze differences in graft survival rates that may not be detected in randomized clinical trials. This study analyses 2-year graft survival using @entity1140 (tac) or @entity205 ( @entity870 ) with @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) and @entity230 . METHODS: Data reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing Renal Transplant Registry for living-donor kidney @entity1 receiving a transplant during 1998 to 1999 were included. The primary end point was graft survival after adjustment for confounding variables. A Cox model multivariate analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: @entity1 receiving CsA- @entity2098 (n=4,686) and tac- @entity2098 (n=2,393) were included. Unadjusted all-cause 2-year graft survival rate was significantly higher with CsA- @entity2098 than tac- @entity2098 (94.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.0006). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risk of graft failure at 2 years was significantly higher in @entity1 receiving tac- @entity2098 versus CsA- @entity2098 for both all-cause graft failure (hazards ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49, P=0.002) and death-censored graft failure (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49, P=0.013). Other independent risk factors for graft failure were recipient or donor age greater than 55 years, female sex, pretransplant blood transfusions, one or two haplotype mismatches compared with zero haplotype mismatch, and panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 30%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that 2-year renal allograft survival is significantly higher in living-donor recipients receiving CsA compared with tac as initial immunosuppression in combination with @entity2098 .

title: Graft survival following living-donor renal transplantation: a comparison of @entity1140 and @entity205 microemulsion with XXXX and @entity230 .

answer: @entity618 :: (MESH:C063008,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']


abstract: Ethanolic extracts containing soluble @entity3363 were prepared from four foods : @entity7243 , peanut, coconut and papaye. Six-month-old @entity35 were given by stomach tube 10 mM @entity3282 solution (+ 45Ca) containing a @entity1735 . Depending on the group, the @entity1735 was @entity413 or @entity9591 or @entity9592 at 200 mM concentration, or one ethanolic extract. Blood samples were taken at different times after the administration and plasma radioactivity was measured. @entity35 were sacrificed at 24 hours; femur radioactivity was used as a measure of @entity460 absorption. Extracts of @entity7243 , peanut, and papaye were the more patent in promoting @entity460 absorption. Extracts of coconut were less effective. This physiological activity of the extracts was correlated with the nature of @entity3363 , identified by paper chromatography. @entity7243 contained @entity9592 , peanut included @entity948 , @entity9592 and @entity52825 . @entity948 was abundant in papaye but in little quantity in coconut. The present experiments or earlier works had showed that these @entity3363 enhanced @entity460 utilization.

title: [Effects of soluble @entity3363 from several tropical foods ( XXXX , peanuts, coconut and papaya) on @entity460 utilization in the @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity7243 :: ('3983', 'Species') :: ['Cassava', 'cassava']

entities_list: @entity52825 :: ('MESH:C005695', 'Chemical') :: ['stachyose']

entities_list: @entity9591 :: ('MESH:D008553', 'Chemical') :: ['melibiose']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose', 'Fructose']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity9592 :: ('MESH:D011887', 'Chemical') :: ['raffinose']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity7243 :: (3983,Species) :: ['cassava']


abstract: Ethanolic extracts containing soluble @entity3363 were prepared from four foods : @entity7243 , peanut, coconut and papaye. Six-month-old @entity35 were given by stomach tube 10 mM @entity3282 solution (+ 45Ca) containing a @entity1735 . Depending on the group, the @entity1735 was @entity413 or @entity9591 or @entity9592 at 200 mM concentration, or one ethanolic extract. Blood samples were taken at different times after the administration and plasma radioactivity was measured. @entity35 were sacrificed at 24 hours; femur radioactivity was used as a measure of @entity460 absorption. Extracts of @entity7243 , peanut, and papaye were the more patent in promoting @entity460 absorption. Extracts of coconut were less effective. This physiological activity of the extracts was correlated with the nature of @entity3363 , identified by paper chromatography. @entity7243 contained @entity9592 , peanut included @entity948 , @entity9592 and @entity52825 . @entity948 was abundant in papaye but in little quantity in coconut. The present experiments or earlier works had showed that these @entity3363 enhanced @entity460 utilization.

title: [Effects of soluble @entity3363 from several tropical foods ( @entity7243 , peanuts, coconut and papaya) on XXXX utilization in the @entity35 ].

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: Ethanolic extracts containing soluble @entity3363 were prepared from four foods : @entity7243 , peanut, coconut and papaye. Six-month-old @entity35 were given by stomach tube 10 mM @entity3282 solution (+ 45Ca) containing a @entity1735 . Depending on the group, the @entity1735 was @entity413 or @entity9591 or @entity9592 at 200 mM concentration, or one ethanolic extract. Blood samples were taken at different times after the administration and plasma radioactivity was measured. @entity35 were sacrificed at 24 hours; femur radioactivity was used as a measure of @entity460 absorption. Extracts of @entity7243 , peanut, and papaye were the more patent in promoting @entity460 absorption. Extracts of coconut were less effective. This physiological activity of the extracts was correlated with the nature of @entity3363 , identified by paper chromatography. @entity7243 contained @entity9592 , peanut included @entity948 , @entity9592 and @entity52825 . @entity948 was abundant in papaye but in little quantity in coconut. The present experiments or earlier works had showed that these @entity3363 enhanced @entity460 utilization.

title: [Effects of soluble XXXX from several tropical foods ( @entity7243 , peanuts, coconut and papaya) on @entity460 utilization in the @entity35 ].

answer: @entity3363 :: (MESH:D002241,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrates']


abstract: Ethanolic extracts containing soluble @entity3363 were prepared from four foods : @entity7243 , peanut, coconut and papaye. Six-month-old @entity35 were given by stomach tube 10 mM @entity3282 solution (+ 45Ca) containing a @entity1735 . Depending on the group, the @entity1735 was @entity413 or @entity9591 or @entity9592 at 200 mM concentration, or one ethanolic extract. Blood samples were taken at different times after the administration and plasma radioactivity was measured. @entity35 were sacrificed at 24 hours; femur radioactivity was used as a measure of @entity460 absorption. Extracts of @entity7243 , peanut, and papaye were the more patent in promoting @entity460 absorption. Extracts of coconut were less effective. This physiological activity of the extracts was correlated with the nature of @entity3363 , identified by paper chromatography. @entity7243 contained @entity9592 , peanut included @entity948 , @entity9592 and @entity52825 . @entity948 was abundant in papaye but in little quantity in coconut. The present experiments or earlier works had showed that these @entity3363 enhanced @entity460 utilization.

title: [Effects of soluble @entity3363 from several tropical foods ( @entity7243 , peanuts, coconut and papaya) on @entity460 utilization in the XXXX ].

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking behavior following chronic drug self-administration has been demonstrated in @entity35 in the presence of conditioned cues. This experimental model of cue-induced relapse can be used to assess the neural circuitry involved in relapse. We have previously shown that blockade of @entity935 D1 receptors in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) abolishes conditioned cue-induced reinstatement of @entity2072 -seeking behavior. The present study tested the hypothesis that @entity2254 -induced facilitation of @entity1154 neurotransmission in the BLA would potentiate conditioned cue-induced reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking behavior. During daily self-administration sessions over 10 consecutive days, @entity35 pressed a lever to receive @entity2072 infusions (0.2 mg/0.05 ml) paired with a light+tone compound stimulus. Following self-administration, @entity35 underwent daily extinction sessions, during which no stimuli were presented. On the test days, @entity35 received intra-BLA @entity2254 (10 or 30 micro g/side) or vehicle infusions followed by extinction or conditioned cue-induced reinstatement testing. @entity2254 infusions did not alter extinction responding relative to vehicle infusions. During reinstatement testing, conditioned cue presentation significantly increased responding over extinction levels, and intra-BLA @entity2254 produced a dose-dependent increase in lever responding relative to vehicle infusions. These findings suggest that enhanced @entity1154 tone in the BLA potentiates the motivational effect and/or salience of @entity2072 -paired cues during reinstatement.

title: Potentiated reinstatement of @entity2072 -seeking behavior following XXXX infusion into the basolateral amygdala.

entities_list: @entity2254 :: ('MESH:D003913', 'Chemical') :: ['D-amphetamine']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1154 :: ('CHEBI:25375', 'Chemical') :: ['monoamine']

answer: @entity2254 :: (MESH:D003913,Chemical) :: ['D-amphetamine']


abstract: Reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking behavior following chronic drug self-administration has been demonstrated in @entity35 in the presence of conditioned cues. This experimental model of cue-induced relapse can be used to assess the neural circuitry involved in relapse. We have previously shown that blockade of @entity935 D1 receptors in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) abolishes conditioned cue-induced reinstatement of @entity2072 -seeking behavior. The present study tested the hypothesis that @entity2254 -induced facilitation of @entity1154 neurotransmission in the BLA would potentiate conditioned cue-induced reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking behavior. During daily self-administration sessions over 10 consecutive days, @entity35 pressed a lever to receive @entity2072 infusions (0.2 mg/0.05 ml) paired with a light+tone compound stimulus. Following self-administration, @entity35 underwent daily extinction sessions, during which no stimuli were presented. On the test days, @entity35 received intra-BLA @entity2254 (10 or 30 micro g/side) or vehicle infusions followed by extinction or conditioned cue-induced reinstatement testing. @entity2254 infusions did not alter extinction responding relative to vehicle infusions. During reinstatement testing, conditioned cue presentation significantly increased responding over extinction levels, and intra-BLA @entity2254 produced a dose-dependent increase in lever responding relative to vehicle infusions. These findings suggest that enhanced @entity1154 tone in the BLA potentiates the motivational effect and/or salience of @entity2072 -paired cues during reinstatement.

title: Potentiated reinstatement of XXXX -seeking behavior following @entity2254 infusion into the basolateral amygdala.

answer: @entity2072 :: (MESH:D003042,Chemical) :: ['cocaine']


abstract: 90 grafts were inserted as arterial and shunt conduits in 31 @entity235 . @entity1 saphenous veins and umbilical veins were either fresh or treated with 0.2% v/v @entity3584 . 72 samples from these grafts were studied morphologically. Macroscopic inspection, and light, scanning and transmission microscopy was used. The insertion time of the grafts were kept in place for periods up to 6.0 months. The tanning procedure with @entity3584 destroyed all normal endothelial structures. However, the new vascular interface appeared to be quite thrombo-resistant, because only slight changes were found on the flow surface following surgery. Multiple collagen fibres were seen with fibrin like deposits predominating. In those grafts which were thrombosed the @entity715 had its origin at the anastomotic site and the graft itself was free of @entity715 . No endothelium could be seen in any case studied. Fresh untreated saphenous vein grafts studied as controls showed clear degenerative changes and @entity715 accumulation on the inner surface. The same kind of changes were found also in the anastomosing artery.

title: Morphological study of flow surface of XXXX pre-treated vascular substitutes.

entities_list: @entity3584 :: ('MESH:D005976', 'Chemical') :: ['glutaraldehyde']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

answer: @entity3584 :: (MESH:D005976,Chemical) :: ['glutaraldehyde']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Improved laser treatment of @entity75 is expected by utilizing higher incident dosages, longer pulse durations and longer wavelengths than those currently used in clinical settings. However, simply increasing the incident dosage will also increase the risk of nonspecific @entity130 to the epidermis due to light absorption by melanin. In this study, we investigated the thermal response of @entity1 skin epidermis to 595-nm wavelength laser irradiation at high incident dosages (up to 20 J/cm(2)) and long pulse durations (up to 40 milliseconds) in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling (CSC) using ex-vivo @entity1 skin samples. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Candela V-beam trade mark laser (595-nm wavelength) was used in the experiments. Ex-vivo @entity1 skin samples (Fitzpatrick types I-VI) were irradiated at the incident dosages D(0) = 4, 6, 10, 15, and 20 J/cm(2), laser pulse durations tau(laser) = 1.5, 10, and 40 milliseconds, without and with CSC (refrigerant-134A, spurt duration tau(CSC) = 100 milliseconds). @entity130 to the epidermis was evaluated by histological observations. RESULTS: Under the same incident dosage, longer pulse durations led to reduced @entity130 to the epidermis. Without CSC, no demonstrable @entity130 to the epidermis was observed in skin types I-II irradiated at the incident dosage as high as 15 J/cm(2), and in skin types III-IV at 10 J/cm(2). When CSC was applied, no evidence of @entity130 to the epidermis was present in skin types I-II even when irradiated at the maximum available incident dosage of the laser system (20 J/cm(2)). In skin types III-IV, no demonstrable @entity130 to the epidermis was observed when using incident dosage as high as 15 J/cm(2) in conjunction with CSC. In skin type VI, @entity130 to the epidermis could not be avoided even at the setting D(0) = 4 J/cm(2), tau(laser) = 40 milliseconds in conjunction with CSC. CONCLUSIONS: For a given incident dosage, longer pulse durations help reduce @entity130 to the epidermis. When a 100-millisecond cryogen spurt is applied, @entity130 to the epidermis can be prevented in ex-vivo skin types I-IV when irradiated at higher incident dosages (15-20 J/cm(2)) than those currently used in clinical settings. Further studies on optimizing the CSC parameters in conjunction with the laser irradiation parameters are needed to protect skin types V-VI from @entity130 to the epidermis.

title: Thermal response of XXXX skin epidermis to 595-nm laser irradiation at high incident dosages and long pulse durations in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling: an ex-vivo study.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous hypervascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Thermal injury', 'thermal injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical course, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of invasive @entity66 (IPD) cases in a public hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective review of IPD cases occurring from January 2004 through December 2008 was performed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and serotyping were performed for available isolates. RESULTS: Fifty one IPD cases occurred during the study period, of which 47 had medical records available for review. The majority of cases occurred among @entity1 under 5 years of age (23.4%) and adults over 60 years of age (36.1%). Underlying diseases were identified in 72.3% of @entity1 . Fifty-three percent of cases were associated with @entity55 , while 17% had @entity693 , and 15% had @entity2259 . Serotype could be determined for 15 (31.9%) isolates, and 6B was most common. Based on current antibiotic susceptibility breakpoints for @entity693 , 4 of the 7 available isolates from @entity693 cases were @entity114 resistant and one had reduced susceptibility to @entity3524 . Among @entity693 isolates, 96.7% were @entity114 susceptible and 3.3% had intermediate susceptibility to @entity114 . Overall case fatality proportion was 19%. CONCLUSION: At this tertiary care hospital in Bangkok, IPD has disproportionately affected young @entity1 and the elderly. High rates of @entity114 resistance among @entity693 cases, the most severe form of IPD, underscore the need of appropriate treatment strategies and vaccine usage.

title: Invasive XXXX in Phramongkutklao Hospital 2004-2008: clinical data, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal disease']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['non-meningitis', 'meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3524 :: ('MESH:D002439', 'Chemical') :: ['cefotaxime']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['isolated bacteremia']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['pneumococcal disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity39 is a rapidly progressive soft tissue @entity281 . Clinicalfeatures and microbial knowledge will help reduce mortality and morbidity from delayed diagnosis and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From January 2004 to December 2009, records of 222 @entity39 @entity1 were reviewed for the study. The following data were collected and recorded: age, sex, location of lesion, inciting event, clinical manifestation, culture and sensitivity and procedures. RESULTS: The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1 with 56.3 years mean age. The most of the occupations were elderly who stay at home and laborers. The highest incidence rate was during the raining seasons. The most common @entity281 site was at the lower extremity with unknown inciting event. A common underlying disease was @entity6 . The major complains presented was @entity272 , fever with chill, conscious change, gastrointestinal symptom. Examination revealed @entity272 (100%), fever (50.9)%, @entity551 blood pressure (32.4%). Positive wound culture isolation was 55.9% and in blood culture was 48%. Dominant gram negative bacteria (71.98%) were in wound culture but gram positive bacteria (51.28%) were dominant in blood culture. Polymicrobial isolates in wound culture was 48% and in blood culture was 6%. The average 2.5 procedures were debridement (33.8%), skin graft coverage (59.9%), amputation (15.4%). Mortality rate was 5.9% that 46.2% were @entity6 . CONCLUSION: Gram negative organisms were predominant wound isolates whereas gram positive organisms were predominant blood isolates. With high polymicrobial isolation, clinical manifestation can be described as @entity39 . The elderly and @entity6 @entity1 were at risk. Early diagnosis is important in @entity1 with fever, @entity137 and @entity4 skin findings. The hallmarks of treatment are prompt surgical opening and debridement to get rid of the source of @entity281 and broad-spectrum antibiotics treatment administered.

title: A retrospective review of XXXX in Thammasat University Hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotizing fasciitis', 'Necrotizing fasciitis', 'necrotizing fasciitis type I']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['erythematous swelling']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion', 'erythematous and swelling skin lesion']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrotizing fasciitis']


abstract: @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) is a common @entity792 in @entity1 . Current standard therapies carry high adverse effects. Refractory @entity1252 to conventional therapies is not uncommon. Rituximab, anti- @entity2225 monoclonal antibody, has been used as an adjunctive therapy in @entity1 with refractory @entity1252 with limited reports. This study described pediatric @entity1252 @entity1 in a single center, Thailand. To determine the clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcome of @entity1252 @entity1 , the authors retrospectively studied 19 @entity1 (age <15 years) diagnosed with @entity1252 at Thammasat University hospital, from January 01, 2002 through March 31, 2010. The mean age was 12.9 +/- 1.6 years; mean follow-up 3.3 +/- 2.6 years. Seventeen (89.5%) @entity1 were female. Clinical manifestations were hematological (89.5%), dermatologic (73.7%), and renal involvement (68.4%). @entity1252 was diagnosed 1 year after systemic onset @entity4932 in one @entity1 . @entity1988 ( @entity1988 ) class II was observed in 30.8%, class III (15.4%), and class IV (53.8%) of @entity1 with @entity1988 . Overall, mean SLEDAI score at presentation was 14.9 +/- 2.2 and significantly decreased to 6.8 +/- 1.6 (p < 0.0001) at 1 month after treatment. Complete remission at 1 year demonstrated in 11 (68.7%) @entity1 . Infection was the most common complication followed by @entity532 . All @entity1 survived during follow-up period. Rituximab induced remission of @entity1252 after refractory diffuse @entity548 in one @entity1 , and rapidly progressive @entity16922 to end @entity177 in one @entity1 . Clinical outcome of pediatric @entity1252 was favorable in the present study. Complications from corticosteroid and anti-inflammatory therapy were high. Rituximab may be a good adjunctive therapy for refractory @entity1252 in @entity1 . Large controlled trials to establish safety profile and optimal regimen of rituximab in childhood @entity1252 are required.

title: XXXX in Thammasat University Hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'Systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmological complications']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile rheumatoid arthiris']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['Lupus nephritis', 'LN']

entities_list: @entity16922 :: ('MESH:D020265', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephirits leading']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['stage renal failure']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus']